Bulletin No. 264 Series I A' Economic Geology, 58 

benes 10, Underground Water, i

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

CHARLES IX WALCOTT, DIRECTOR

BY

M. L. FULLER, E. F. LINES, and A. C. VEATCH

' WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1905
.' *'..<- 
CONTENTS.

Page-.

Letter of transmittal...................................................... 5

Introduction .............................................................. 7

Objects, development, and results of the work of collecting well records and

samples, by Myron L. Fuller............................................ 12

Importance of accurate well records .................-... --- -- - ---- 12

Value of well records to the driller for oil and gas .................. 14

Depth of productive rock ............................. 14

Character of material................................. 15

Water supplies....................................... 15

Casing off water...................................... - 16

Casing off " cave " rock ............................... 16

Limits of depth ...................................... 16

Oil and gas shows .................................... 17

Structure............................................. 17

Value of records to owners of oil and gas wells ..................... 18

Value of records to drillers or owners of water wells ................ 18

Importance of records to geologists ................................ 20

Work of collecting well records and samples............................ 20

Organization..................................................... 20

Early collection of records .................................... 20

Proposed section of oil and gas, 1902........................... 21

Organization of the well division .............................. 23

Work of the division of hydrology in 1903 ..................... 24

Present organization of the work .............................. 25

Results.......................................................... 26

Methods of work................................................. 27

General plan and details of work, formulated by A. C. Veatch .. 28

Sources of addresses of drillers and well owners ............ 28

Preparation of mailing list................................ 29

Arrangements for cooperation............................. 30

Taking of notes and samples ................... .......... 32

Form of notebook used ............................... 32

Taking and forwarding samples ....................... 35

Examination and filing of samples......................... 36

Transfer to bottles........................ *........... 36

Acknowledgment of samples .......................... 36

Examination of samples and filing of records............... 36

Storage of samples........................................ 36

Importance of preservation of samples ................. 36

Labeling of sample bottles ............................ 37

3

\ \.G
4 CONTENTS.

Objects, development, etc. Continued. _ PageWork of collecting well records and samples Continued. 

Methods of work Continued.

General plan and details of work Continued. 

Storage of samples Continued.

Temporary files ...................................... 37

Permanent storage o'f samples......................... 37

Records collected independently of samples................ 37

Confidential records...................................... 38

Cooperation with State geologists.......................... 38

Publications ............................................. 39

Well records, by E. F. Lines.............................................. 41

Summary of well drilling reported in 1904.............................. 41

Detailed records.............'......................................... 78

Index................................................................... 105
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

HYDROGRAPHIC BRANCH. 

Washington, D. 61, February 13, 1905.

SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith a manuscript entitled 

"Record of Deep Well Drilling for 1904," prepared by Messrs. M. L. 

Fuller and E. F. Lines, but including certain material compiled from 

notes furnished by Mr. A. C. Veatch. The report presents the results 

of the first six months' work, with a system for the collection of well 

' records and samples, formulated bty Mr. Veatch and put in operation 

under the direction of Mr. Fuller, chief of the eastern section of the 

division of hydrology, on July 10, 1904. Mr. Veatch was assisted by 

Mr. Lines until September 15, when the work was relinquished to the 

latter. The report embodies the records of a large number of wells, 

for many of which sets of samples are preserved on file, and in addition 

gives an account of the development of the system and of the methods 

employed.

The principal aim of the report, as stated in the introduction, is to 

furnish drillers and present or prospective well owners a basis for 

future work and to afford geologists and others a more complete 

knowledge of the rock succession and structure. It is hoped that the 

report will lead to greater appreciation of the value of records by the 

driller and will serve to encourage the preservation of samples.

Very respectfully,

F. H. NEWELL, Chief Engineer. 

Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT,

Director United States Geological Survey.

5

EECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904.

By M. L. FULLER, E. F. LINES, and A. C. VEATCH,

INTRODUCTION.

In this report, which is the first of a proposed series of annual publications, are presented the results of the first six months' work, by 

the United States Geological Survey in the systematic collection of 

well records and samples. Much time having been occupied in organization and preliminary correspondence, the results of only about three

months' actual work are included.. The report is issued for the purpose of giving to present or prospective well owners and drillers the 

results of drilling as reported to the Survey, with the object of furnishing them as good a basis as possible for future drilling in the 

regions discussed, and to afford geologists and others a more complete 

knowledge of the rock succession and structure.

It is intended that the reports of the series shall present records of 

contemporaneous drilling rather than the results of past work, a special attempt being made to secure records accompanied by samples. 

The logs of completed wells, however, will be incorporated when 

practicable; but as records of such wells are seldom preserved for any 

length of time, their number will probabty decrease in proportion to 

new wells as the work continues. , All well records received during the year 1904- that were accompanied by complete sets of samples are presented in this report, as 

are also a considerable number furnished by drillers, contractors, well 

owners, etc., representing other completed wells. The report does 

not, however, include all records furnished the Survey, a great number being furnished by oil companies and others interested in the 

development of oil or mineral lands. Many of these are confidential 

and can not be published, while others will be compiled and embodied 

in reports on special regions, which will be published later.

Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following contractors and 

drillers who, by furnishing records or samples, have assisted the Survey in its endeavor to bring about a better knowledge of the strata 

penetrated in drilling. The asterisk (*) indicates that records of wells 

are given in whole or in part in the present report; in the other cases 

the records are either confidential or are reserved for special reports 

to be published later.

7
8 EECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BOLL. 264.

Principal contractors and drillers furnishing records.

i

Aggers, William A., Muscogee, Ind. T. 

Akin, Mr., Wade avenue, Washington, Pa.

*Akins, E. J., driller for Eeece, Heasley & Meals, Hundred, W. Va. 

Archer, Kruger, Mississippi.

*Artesian Well and Supply Company, Dyer and Friendship streets, Providence, R. I.

*Barber, Lucien C., Scott, Cortland County, N. Y. 

Barnes, R. B., Artesia, N. Mex. 

Beach, 0. C., Roswell, N. Mex.

*Bean, J. S., R. F. D. 65, Emlenton, Pa. 

Birdsong, Mason, Bolton, Miss. 

Bishop, Mr., Salt Lake City, Utah. 

Black, Frank L., Waynesburg, Pa.

*Black, R. H., 423 John street, Braddock, Pa.

*Bliss, George R., Rye, N. Y.

*Bolles, William M., Franksville, Wis. 

Borchers, W. F., 68 East Maiden street, Washington, Pa. 

Brigham, W. J., Tunica, Miss. 

Broiles, E., Artesia, N. Mex.

*Carman, George W., driller for G. W. Patterson, Stewartstown, Pa. 

Carnegie Natural Gas Company, Carnegie Building, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Carter Oil Company, Titusville, Pa.

*Champlin, F. A., East Longmeadow, Mass. 

Chapman & Sperry, Artesia, N. Mex.

Chartiers Oil Company, Tradesmen's Building, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Chesney & McCready, Muscogee, Ind. T.

*Christofferson, E., driller for J'. F. McCarthy, Fertile, Minn.

*Cladek, Frank T., West Scott avenue, Railway, N. J.

*Clifton, R. T., Velasco, Tex.

*Colwell, J. A., West Superior, Wis. 

Cook, William J., Muscogee, Ind. T. 

Cooper & Warren, Roswell, N. Mex.

*Copley, W. H., 828 Leonard street, Fostoria, Ohio.

*Craig, L. J., Rock Springs, Wyo.

Crane, G.J3., Checotah, Ind. T.

*Crist, S. T., and Son, Codorus, York County, Pa. 

Cunningham, J. B., Cliftonville, Miss.

*Danis, C. H., Coldspring Harbor, N. Y. 

Devonian Oil Company, Pittsburg, Pa.

*Dibble & Ernest, Fullertown, Ohio.

*Dillon, J. B., Bowen, Pike County, Ark.

*Duck, Elmer J., driller for John McCool, New Freeport, Greene County, Pa.

*Dunlap, T. L., driller for J. B. Fishel, New Martinsville, W. Va. 

Dunn, J. L., Dunns Station, Washington County, Pa, 

Durst, F. A., Bellefourche, S. Dak.

*Eagen, Thomas, Poynette, Wis.

*Egan, James, driller for F. A. Champlin, Mansion House, Springfield, Mass. 

Eisman, David, Washington Trust Building, Washington, Pa.

*Elliott, J., Mell ville, N. Y. 

Endly, W. J., Novvata, Ind. T. 

English, A. Z., Muscogee, Ind. T.

* Espy, E., driller for J. F. McCarthy, Atwater, Minn.

*Faust, J. J., South Kankauna, Wis.
FULLER, LINES, 

AND VEATCH ' ] CONTRACTORS AND DRILLERS. 9

Feigler, C. E., Minter City, Miss.

*Ford, John L., driller for J. A. Sutter, Pass Christian, Miss. 

Forest Oil Company, 323 Fourth avenue, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Forman, Grant, Muscogee, Ind. T.

*Fowler, Thomas, Corpus Christi, Tex. 

Fox, J. A., Roswell, N. Mex. 

Franklin Oil Company, Tyro, Kans. 

Garner & Swerringen, Artesia, N. Mex.

*Gibson, Alex. T., West Winfield, Herkimer County, N. Y. 

Gillespie, R. G., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Goldsburg, Albert, Memphis, Tenn.

*Gorder, H. G., Dodgeville, Wis.

*Granberry, P. M., & Co., box 115, Houston, Tex.

*Grant, C. L., 17 Byron street, Providence, R. I. 

Gray son, Harry, Washington Trust Building, Washington, Pa.

*Green, Charles L., 1160 Stuart street, Green Bay, Wis. 

Greensboro Natural Gas Company, 808 Tradesmen's Building, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Guffey & Queen, Pittsburg, Pa.

*Guffy & Galey, Pittsburg, Pa. -

*Gunter Brothers, Stuttgart, Ark. 

Hale, J. C., Artesia, N. Mex.

*Halterman, George G., Parowan, Utah.

*Hambrecht, H. W., superintendent for L. Wilson Well Company, 225 Dearborn

street, Chicago, 111. , 

"Hamilton, W. F., Ocala, Fla.

*Hammond, E. D., 120 Sargeant street, Hartford, Conn.

*Harmon, William, 226 East Market street, Tiffin, Ohio.

*Harper, Thomas B., Jenkintown, Pa.

^Harris, N. F., driller for Artesian Well and Supply Company, Providence, R. I.

*Hawk, John I., Selma, Ala. 

Heath, E. N., Artesia, N. Mex.

*Heflin, J. 0. & Co., 2004 Third avenue, Birmingham, Ala. 

Henderson, J. B., McMillan, N. Mex.

*Hills, I. W., Medina, Wis.

*Howard, F., Canandaigua, Lenawee County, Mich. 

Hulse, Jesse, Murray, Utah.

*Jameson, William, driller for St. Mary's Drilling Company, Lima, Ohio.

*Jenkins, E. A., Scottsville, N. Y. 

Jennings Brothers, Pittsburg, Pa.

*Johnston, R. J., box 528, Burlington, Iowa.

*Jorgensen, H., driller for W. N. Bolles, Franksville, Wis. 

Judd, W. E., Farmington, Utah. 

Karns, S. E., Beaver, Pa. 

Kelly Bros. & Cooper, Beaver, Pa. 

Kennedy, AV. C. & Co., Pittsburg, Pa.

*Kinney, James, jr., Bellaire, Ohio. 

. Klinkscale, Mr., Roswell, N. Mex.

*Knaack, Henry M., Station A, R. R. No. 5, Milwaukee, Wis.

*Knauf, M. F., driller for Artesian Well and Supply Company, Providence, R. I.

*Lambie, Robert, Drilling Company, Orrville, Ohio. 

Larssen, Peter, Salt Lake City, Utah. 

Lawrence Gas Company, Youngstown, Ohio.

*Lee, John H., 1702 Houston avenue, Houston, Tex. 

Leonard, John, 63 West Chestnut street, Washington, Pa.
10 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904 [BULL. 264.

^Liberty Well Company, 7633 Bennett street, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Lykins, W. C., Miami, Ind. T.

*Lyle, James, 349 North Main street, Washington, Pa.

*Lynch, Albert, Stamford, Conn. 

McCausland, John, 33 West Walnut street, Washington, Pa.

*McDonald, J. J., driller for Smith & Thayer Company, Berlin, N. H.

*McDonald, R. H., driller for C. E. Gesin, Tidioute, Pa.

*McGuckin, J. B., driller for Thomas B. Harper, 5921 Beechwood street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

McVay Brothers, Rockyford, Colo.

*Matteson & Zeigler, Bonsteel, S. Dak.

*Maule, Lewis, Copemish, Manistee County, Mich.

*Meloy, E. D., driller for Charles S. Wise, 2544 North Grand avenue, St. Louis, Mo.

*Mentzer, Frank, driller for Artesian Well and Supply Company, Providence, R. I.

*Miller's, W. J., Sons, Genoa Junction, Wis.

Monongahela Natural Gas Company, Oliver Building, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Muno, P., McMillan, N. Mex.

Murdock, Baldwin & Co., Union Trust Building, Washington, Pa. 

Natural Gas Company of West Virginia, 39 Vandergrift Building, Pittsburg, Pa.

*Nichols, L., driller for J. P. Miller Artesian Well Company, 39 Michigan street,

Chicago, 111.

Nicholson, W. I., Wagoner, Ind. T. 

Norbeck & Nicholson, Redfield, S. Dak.

*0'Neill, James, 217 West College street, Albert Lea, Minn. 

Oregon Short Line Engineering Department.

*0sborne, W. R., Metuchen, N. J.

*Pannewitz, P. E., Schulenburg, Tex. 

Patrick, D. R., Hagerman, N. Mex.

*Pearsall & Co., Utica, Ohio.

People's Gas Company, Tradesmen's.Building, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Philadelphia Company, Philadelphia Building, Pittsburg, Pa.

*Phillips, A. P., 314 North Main street, Findlay, Ohio. 

Phillips, Jake, Springville, Utah. 

Pinchin, Job, Salt Lake City, Utah. 

Poland, C. E., Hagerman, N. Mex. 

Pond, Chester H., Moorhead, Miss. 

Prairie Oil and Gas Company, Neodesha, Kans. 

Preston, John, 322 Washington Trust Building, Washington, Pa.

*Pursell, F. U., Waukena, Cal.

*Pursell, T. A., Waukena, Tulare County, Cal. 

Pyle, P. L., Fort Gibson, Ind. T. 

Ratliff, W. E., McMillan, N. Mex.

*Reardon, H. A., driller for F. S. Black, Delmont, Pa.

*Reed, Jefferson J., driller for R. D. Mead & Co., Higbee, Greene County, Pa. 

Reese & Heasley, Waynesburg, Pa. 

Reeves, Ira L., Muscogee, Ind. T.

*Ridpath & Potter, 587 Bourse Building, Philadelphia, Pa.

*Robbins, S. L., Blaine, Kans.

*Roberson, Elmer A., Box 83, Cheney, Kans. 

Ross, Tim, Waynesburg, Pa.

*Roughen, Patrick, 213 Amory street, Fond du Lac, Wis.

*St. Marys Drilling Company, St. Marys, Ohio.

*Sealy, W. F., 27 Seventh street, Fond du Lac, Wis.

*Shanks, Oscar, P. 0. Box 485, Alexandria, La.
FULLER, LINES, 

AND VEATCH '] CONTEACTOES AND DEILLEES. 11

*Sharpe, J. E., 304 West College street, Albert Lea, Minn. 

Shay, John W., 249 Locust avenue, Washington, Pa.

*Shute, C. E., Bath, Me.

Smith, A. B., Muscogee, Ind. T.

Southern Pacific Eailroad Engineering Department.

South Penn Oil Company, 323 Fourth avenue, Pittsburg, Pa.

Steele, C. L., Muscogee, In'd. T. - 

' *Steinsiek, H. W., 4321 Prairie avenue, St. Louis, Mo.

Stevenson, J. B., Springville, Utah.

*Stotthoff Brothers, Flemington, N. J.

*Strait, E. C.,.Prentiss Vale, Pa.

*Sutter, Frank, Pensacola, Fla.

*Sutter, John A., Pass Christian, Miss. 

Taylor, D. J., Roswell, N. Mex.

*Taylor, Fred, Grandville, Mich.

*Teeter, W. G., North Salem avenue, Dayton, Ohio.

*Thorne, W. L., & Co., Whitewater, Wis.

*Tomlin, James, Mars, Oreg.

*Tracy, Albert, Orrville, Ohio.

*Trow, Linden C., driller for W. J. Miller's Sons, Genoa Junction, Wis. 

Turner, E. F., Leland, Miss.

*Vandervprt, E. R, Warrens, Wis.

*Wainright, V., Lake Charles, La.

* Walters, W. P., driller for St. Mary's Drilling Company, Alto, Ind.

*Wankel, Frank, 535 Himrod street, Brooklyn, N. Y.

* Waterman Brothers, Hamorton, Chester County, Pa.

*Watkins & Co., Vancamp, W. Va.

*Weiler Brothers, Box 367, Marietta, Ohio. 

Westfal, John, Provo City, Utah. 

Westphal, Gus, Salt Lake City, Utah. 

White, Elza, Roswell, N. Mex. 

Willetts, Elmer E., 186 South Main street, Washington, Pa.

* Winger, Josiah G., Box 135, Grand Valley, Pa. 

Yager, Frank, Salt Lake City, Utah.

In addition to the drillers furnishing records and samples, special 

thanks are due to the owners of many wells, through whose courtesy 

and by whose orders many of the samples and records were furnished 

the Survey. The names of the owners are given in the tables of 

records, those furnishing records being indicated by the letter " O" 

in the column headed "Authority."
OBJECTS, DEVELOPMENT, AND RESULTS OF THE WORK OF 

COLLECTING WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES.

By MYRON L. FULLER.

The information relating to borings must generalty be gathered 

when the well is being sunk or not at all. Man}' drillers keep records 

when the work is going on, but in the majority of cases these are soon' 

lost. If the driller continues work in a single localit\r he soon comes 

to know perfectly the main points of the succession of the rocks and 

keeps no records, often even throwing away' his earlier ones. In 

other cases he may remove to other regions, and, having no further 

personal interest in the original localit}', the early records are lost or 

destroyed. Only the larger operators keep permanent records of their 

wells. For these reasons the effort is now being made by the Survey 

to secure the record at the time of drilling and to supplement it whereever possible bty actual samples, which will be filed and made permanently accessible for use whenever questions arise regarding the materials encountered.

IMPORTANCE OF ACCURATE WEIJD RECORDS.

The knowledge of conditions beneath the surface, whether sought

by the driller, the mining engineer, or the geologist, must be obtained 

either from surface observations of rock outcrops or from artificial 

sections afforded by mine or other shafts, inclines, tunnels^ and borings. 

By systematic observations upon the character of the rocks over 

extended areas and the determinations of their inclination (dip) and 

their line of outcrop on level surfaces (strike), the trained observer is 

able to calculate more or less accurately the thickness of the beds, 

their depth below the surface, their structure, and to a certain extent 

their character as regards the occurrence of gas, oil, brine, or fresh 

water, especially the latter. The thickness and composition of rocks, 

even of the same bed, are not constant, but undergo changes, often 

considerable in amount and taking place within short distances. These 

changes are frequently of great importance in their effect upon the 

occurrence of the products named. Where the rocks are at the surface 

the changes can be easily recognized, but when below the surface only

12
FULLER.] IMPORTANCE OF ACCURATE WELL RECORDS. 13

the shaft or drill can determine the occurrence and nature of the 

changes in question.

The shaft is of immense value in restricted areas, but it is the widely 

distributed and often deep borings that afford information in regard 

to the broader features of interest to the driller, to the operator in 

search of oil, gas, or brines, and to manufacturers and others seeking 

artesian waters.

The importance of accurate records of borings was early recognized 

by the more enterprising of the drillers and by certain companies 

operating in oil and gas, and the success of such drillers and operators 

has been to a considerable extent due to their recognition of the 

importance of the precise information afforded by the borings, their 

insistence that records be kept, and their attention to other similar 

details, minor in themselves but often sufficiently important in the 

aggregate to make the difference between failure and SUCCGSS. It is 

probable that there is now not one successful operator on a large scale 

who does not require the keeping of at least partial records.

Among the many ways in which well records are of value the following may be mentioned: To the oil and gas driller they furnish 

information as to (1) the best point for locating the well, (2) the depth 

of the supposed productive bed, (3) the character of the material to be 

penetrated, (4) the amount of water which will be encountered,-(5) the 

amount of casing required, and (6) the limit of depth to which it is 

desirable to drill. To the owners of such wells information as to each 

of the foregoing points, especially those affecting the cost of the wells, 

is furnished by the records, in addition to which data relating to still 

more important factors, namely, those of quantity and quality of supplies, are furnished. In the case of drillers and owners of water wells 

the same information is supplied, but here the items affecting the cost 

are of increased importance owing to the lower value of the product, 

and questions of head, quantity, and quality of supply again come to 

the fore. To prospective owners records show the results obtained 

by others and the probabilities»of success of new ventures, while to 

the geologist they are of value in assisting him to a more thorough 

understanding of the geology, which in turn enables him to more 

intelligently answer the numerous questions constantly referred to 

him by drillers, well owners, and others.

A more detailed statement concerning the uses of records is given 

in the following paragraphs, with the view of presenting their benefits 

more fully to those drillers and owners, especially the smaller operators, who do not have the facilities of the larger companies for collecting and preserving their own records, but who by furnishing 

information can assist the Survej7 to a knowledge of the various 

regions, and thus enable it in turn to give them the benefit of the 

results of the studies of its geologists.
14 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264. 

VALUE OF WELL RECORDS TO THE DRILLER FOR OIL AND GAS.

The contractor or driller for oil or gas is often called upon to sink 

wells in regions wholly unfamiliar to him. Among the questions 

which will arise are the following: (1) What is the depth of the supposed oil- or gas-bearing rock? (2) What is the character of material 

to be penetrated before reaching it? (3) At what depths, in what 

amounts, and of what quality can water for the boilers be obtained? 

(4) What is the depth of water seams which must be cased off? (5) 

What are the character, depth, and thickness of rock which will 

require casing to prevent caving, if any? (6) At what depth and in 

what rock is it advisable to stop drilling in case of failure to strike oil 

or gas at the expected point? (7) At what diepths will minor shows 

of oil and gas be encountered? In case the contractor or driller is 

required to select the spot for drilling, another question will arise: 

(8) At what point is the structure most favorable for the occurrence 

of oil and gas ?

A certain amount of this information can be obtained, as has been 

pointed out, by observation of the character, dip, and strike of the 

rocks exposed at the surface. Other data, especially those relating to 

the occurrence of water, to caving rock, and to the depth at which it is 

advisable to stop drilling, are best derived from records of borings. 

These need not, however, be necessarily in the immediate vicinity, for 

a geologist or a driller with a practical working knowledge of the 

simpler principles of geology can combine the observations afforded 

by surface outcrops with records of borings at a distance, and intelligently predict the conditions in the intervening area.

Depth of. productive rock. The depth to the productive rock is of 

great importance as affecting the success of a well. For a shallow well 

a relatively light outfit can be used, but for deeper borings heavy and 

more costly machinery and rigs are required. These, with increased 

cost of fuel, outfit, casing, and greater difficulty of manipulation, make 

the cost of a well increase rapidly with depth. The amount of oil or 

gas which would give a good profit on the investment required for a 

1,000-foot well might not be sufficient to warrant the sinking of a 

3,000-foot well. .

It is apparent, therefore, that as close an estimate of the depth as 

possible should be made before starting to drill. This may in some 

cases be determined more or less satisfactorily by observation of the 

distance of the well from the outcrop of the rock and determination of the'direction and amount of the dips at the outcrop and in the 

area intervening between it and the well, but in man}' instances the 

outcrop is several score, if not hundreds, of miles from the well, and 

there are many irregularities of dip and changes of thickness of the 

rocks in the intervening area, all of which serve to make computations 

from surface data difficult and unreliable.

.» k^-.
FULLER.] IMPORTANCE OF ACCURATE WELL RECORDS. 15

On the other hand, deep drilling has been so extensively conducted 

in this country, especially in the East, that there are very few regions 

of any extent that do not have one or more deep borings. These furnish, where the data have been preserved, our best evidence of underground conditions, and, combined with surface observations, form a 

basis for predicting the materials to be encountered in new borings. 

Where there are a number of borings they afford accurate data for 

the calculation of dip, which as determining structure becomes an 

all-important factor in oil and gas operations. This is an especially 

important feature in regions where, as in much of Ohio, the rocks are 

buried by hundreds of feet of drift and are nowhere exposed to view 

at the surface. Two wells of known elevations and penetrating a bed 

at known depths are sufficient to establish the dip in such regions with 

greater accuracy.than if outcrops were present and served as a basis 

for the determination. With distances and the amount and direction 

of dip known the depth can, as has already been indicated, be readily 

predicted at a given point. Without borings this would often be 

impossible.

Character of material. Of almost as much importance as the depth 

of a well is the character of the material penetrated. On it depends 

the nature of the process of drilling employed. In the soft material 

of the Coastal Plain, as in parts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, 

driving, jet, and rotary processes, either singly or in combination, are 

used, but none of these are suitable for rock work. If, therefore, a 

very hard bed is to be penetrated another type of outfit must be provided. The character of the tools and the rig itself must also be 

adapted to the nature of the material to be penetrated. In rock the 

rate of drilling varies from a few inches in the harder limestones to 

over 100 feet a day in certain shales; hence, in contracting for a well, 

knowledge of the character of the various beds and of their thickness 

is of the greatest value.

As already intimated, important variations in the character and thickness of the beds may take place underground without there being at the 

surface any evidence of the changes, and while it is possible to judge, 

to a certain extent, of the character of the beds beneath the surface 

from their more or less distant outcrops, by far the most accurate 

information is that afforded by the borings in the same or adjacent 

regions.

Water supplies. When wells are located in valleys, or in thickly 

settled districts, water for boiler use can usually be obtained from 

streams or the wells of near-by houses. In many of the oil fields, 

where the wells are frequently located upon the sides or tops of hills 

or mountains, the question of boiler supplies is important, and small, 

separate wells are often drilled for this supply. Beyond the ability of 

the rock to hold water, as indicated by its texture, little is shown by
16 RECCED OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

the surface outcrop. Nothing as to crevices, joints, local sandy beds, 

etc., on which so much depends, is indicated. All this can be finally 

determined only by the drill. -In this case a single boring, unless in 

the immediate vicinity of the proposed new well, will not afford an 

absolute indication of the conditions, but from a considerable number 

sunk in the same kind of rock an average is obtained which shows the 

predominating conditions characterizing the bed. This is especially 

true of the quality of the water, which will vary greatly in different 

localities, often without any reference to conditions discoverable at the 

surface.

Casing off water. Among the factors affecting the sinking of a well 

is the occurrence of water in quantities necessitating casing it off. 

This is of importance in determining the amount of casing necessary 

and its cost, and in determining the size of the original hole in case it 

is anticipated that several horizons at some distance from one another, 

each of which may involve a reduction of the size of the casing, will 

be encountered. As~in the case of the water supplies discussed in the 

preceding paragraph, the most satisfactory information is that furnished by the records of adjacent wells.

Casing off " cave" rock. In many of the older wells in the softer 

rocks, especially in shales, much trouble was experienced by the walls 

of the hole caving and stopping up the bore. This difficulty will be 

recalled by those familiar with the history of the old Dunkard Creek 

field, in southwestern Pennsylvania, where many of the wells sunk 

without casing were ruined by the caving of the walls. Even now that 

the caving is easily preventable by proper casing, a knowledge of the 

depths and thicknesses of troublesome beds is of importance in determining in advance the questions relating to casing and its effect on the 

cost of the well. This information is best furnished by records, as in

the case of the water horizons already discussed.

Limits of depth. Nothing can be further from the truth than the 

common fallacy that oil, gas, water, or whatever the driller may be 

in search of, can be had if the hole is only drilled deep enough. In 

unaltered porous rocks oil and gas may occur, within certain limits, 

regardless of depth; but all rocks, of whatever character, if buried 

deep enough, especially if subjected to the powerful compression 

incident to the formation of mountains, become altered through the 

influence of heat and pressure, often into more or less crystalline 

masses. In such rocks the volatile substances, such as the hydrocarbons, are expelled and it is useless to look in them for deposits of oil 

or gas. It is also useless to seek for oil in rocks of igneous origin 

that is, those which have once been molten for the conditions of their 

formation are such as to preclude the formation or retention of oil or 

similar substances. Nevertheless, wells have not infrequently been
FULLER.]' IMPORTANCE OF ACCURATE WELL RECORDS. 17

sunk into such rocks in search of oil, but the uselessness of this is 

, apparent to those who have noted the records of similar wells elsewhere, as well as to geologists and others who understand the nature 

of the rocks. The value of accurate records in indicating the depth at 

which it is advisable to stop drilling Avill be manifest in those cases 

where altered or igneous rocks, as described above, are encountered, 

and in general the logs of the deeper borings are of great value in 

showing the conditions to be expected at great depths.

Oil and gas shows. In drilling, especially where the well is being 

sunk to a known producing sand, small shows of oil or a little gas are 

often encountered and passed through without much attention being 

paid to them. Probably many instances have occurred where valuable 

flows have been cased off, but one or two examples will suffice. In 

the region southwest of Olean, N. Y., on the outskirts of the Bradford 

oil field, the early wells were all sunk to the Bradford sand, at a depth 

of 1,000 feet or so below the valleys. In some instances shows of oil 

were noted at a certain depth, but were cased off without it being suspected that a producing sand was present above the Bradford. Later, 

when the Bradford supplies ran low, it was shown that the sand at the 

upper oil show could be developed into a producer, now known as the 

Chipmunk sand. Where accurate records had been preserved, the 

casing of the old wells was locally removed and both sands drawn upon; 

but where because of lack of records this could not be done, new wells 

had to be sunk, at an aggregate cost of many thousands of dollars. 

Similarly, in the Bellevernon and other gas fields in southwestern 

Pennsylvania gas flows which would now be of great value were cased 

off in the old days of high pressure. Where accurate records have 

been kept, these can be utilized by removing the casing in the old wells, 

but otherwise new wells must be drilled.

Structure. It has been many years since the anticlinal theory of oil 

and gas was proposed. This theory postulated the axis of the anticline 

or crest of the rock arch as the most favorable point for the occurrence 

of gas, while oil and salt water should be successively encountered in 

going outward from the crest. While all anticlines do not afford oil 

or gas, and while oil is often found under somewhat different condi- O f

tions, as at the point just above where a steep dip changes to flat (at 

the top of the rock step, as it were), the general principle involved in 

the theory has not been affected. On the contraiy, almost eveiy district, when closely investigated, is shown to agree with these principles, so that at the present time the problems of rock structure are as 

important as they ever have been in the history of drilling for oil and 

gas. In no way can the structure be determined so satisfactorily and 

with such accuracy as by wells or boring records. 

Bull. 264 05 2
18 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264. 

VALUE OF RECORDS TO OWNERS OF OIL AND GAS WELLS.

The statements which have been made in regard to the benefit of 

accurate records to drillers for oil and gas apply with added force to 

the owners of wells, for. the ultimate cost of the wells must, in nearly 

eveiy instance, fall upon them rather than upon the drillers or contractors. The structure, as determining the most favorable points 

for drilling, the depth of the producing rock, the character of the 

materials to be penetrated, the available water supplies, the casing 

required to shut off undesirable water and to support "cave" rock, 

and .the supply obtainable are all of the greatest importance in determining the success or failure of a well. As has been pointed out,- 

this information is best afforded by records of adjacent wells, and the 

operator will practically always make inquiries in regard to adjacent 

wells before beginning his own. Frequently these wells will be found 

to have been drilled many years ago and the records lost. It is to 

prevent such loss and, instead, to .make the information permanently 

available that the work of collecting records and samples has been 

undertaken by the Surve}r .

VALUE OF RECORDS TO DRILLERS OR OWNERS OF WATER

WELLS.

In the same way that records are of value to oil and gas operators 

they are of benefit to drillers or owners of water wells. The question 

of the depth of the water-bearing rock, for instance, is of even greater 

importance than that of the oil or gas sands, because of the relatively 

low value of the water as compared with oil or gas. With crude 

petroleum at $1.50 a barrel a supply of only a few barrels a day will 

give a profit on the investment required for a well of 2,000 or more 

feet deep, while many hundred barrels of water are required to make 

even a much shallower well profitable. Moreover, for many manufacturing uses the supply must reach a certain minimum, representing the 

amount needed for the processes involved, in order to be of any value 

whatever, while oil, if present in quantities greater than a.mere show, 

can generally be successfully utilized.

The great importance of obtaining water supplies at a moderate 

depth will be seen when it is remembered that among the competitors 

of any manufacturing establishment there will alwaj^s be some who 

will be able to obtain abundant supplies of the best quality at almost 

no cost above that of pumping. In such instances the success or failure of an enterprise may depend on obtaining good water at a slight 

depth. The character of the material to be penetrated and the amount 

of casing are prominent items in the cost and, therefore, largely determine the success or failure of a well. Other elements, such as head,
FULLER.] IMPORTANCE OF ACCURATE WELL RECORDS. 19

volume, permanency, and quality of the supply, become of great 

importance, for on them depend the uses to which it may be put.

Upon the head, for instance, depends the height to which the water 

will rise, thus determining whether or not pumping, with its attendant expense for outfit, fuel, and labor, will be necessary, while the 

obtaining of water in sufficient volume, or of a certain quality, may, as 

has been pointed out above, determine the ability of a manufacturer 

to cope with competitors, or even the very existence of an industry in 

a given locality. The probability of success can, in man}^ instances, 

be foretold in advance where records in surrounding regions are 

available. The importance of this knowledge has been long appreciated by those interested in obtaining supplies for industrial purposes or for the boilers of manufacturing establishments or railroad 

locomotives.

Wells have for many years been of great importance as a source 

of water for irrigation at many points in the West, and recently they 

have been extensively utilized in the cultivation of rice in Louisiana 

and other States of the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains. ' In such 

regions the information and records afforded by the pioneer wells as 

to the depth and cost of wells, quantity and quality of water, etc., 

have likewise proved of much value.

Another important class of people benefited are those interested in 

the development of mineral waters for bathing, sanitariums, and 

resorts, or for the purposes of bottling for table or medicinal uses. 

The depths, quantity, composition, and temperature are all most satisfactorily afforded by records supplemented by the analyses which 

are usually made soon after the well is completed and which, like the 

records, are often soon lost.

Records of adjacent wells may, in cases, be of great benefit, especially 

to owners in furnishing a check on statements as to the occurrence of 

water horizons, depth to rock, amount of casing, total depth of well, 

etc., all of which are sometimes misstated when contracts have been 

let for a specified sum per foot or which have been inaccurately 

reported because of failure to keep proper records. They also afford 

a basis of comparison as to conditions with more successful or'less 

successful wells of the locality, and frequently give a clue to the 

cause of failure or of variations from the normal wells.

In many regions the surface wells gradually fail because of the 

deforesting of the land or its drainage by ditches, and it may become 

necessary to sink deep into the rock for a permanent suppty. All 

rocks do not yield water, while in some yielding abundant supplies 

the water carries too much mineral matter for ordinary use. It is in 

such regions that records, affording a basis for predicting results, are 

of special value.
20 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264. 

IMPORTANCE OF RECORDS TO GEOLOGISTS.

To the geologist records are of value from both the practical and 

the scientific standpoints. Problems are submitted almost daily by 

drillers and by present or prospective well owners in regard to the 

occurrence of oil, gas, or water. Where he can visit the field he can, 

as already indicated, work out the general features of structure and 

character and thickness of beds, and can make certain generalizations 

as to the occurrence of water and in some cases of oil and gas; but he 

can not give more precise information without a knowledge of the 

changes which the beds undergo beneath the surface, and these are 

best afforded by well sections.

The occurrence of oil and gas is shown, as accurate investigation 

proceeds, to be more and more dependent upon structure, which term 

is here used in a broad sense to include both the attitude of the rocks 

and the changes in extent, thickness, or texture which they may 

undergo from point to point, and the same holds to an even greater 

extent in regard to artesian waters. Combining well records with surface observations, the geologist is able to locate the anticlines, synclines, 

flats, etc., so important in their bearing on the occurrence of oil and 

gas, to determine similar structures governing the occurrence of artesian waters and regulating their head, to predict the character of the 

material to be penetrated, to fix the depth of the producing horizon, 

and in the case of water to estimate the approximate volume to be 

obtained.

From the scientific standpoint records and samples, especially where 

the latter include fossils, aid the geologist to a better understanding 

of the age and succession of the rocks, assist him. in the correlation of 

identical or equivalent beds in remote localities, and enable him to 

work out the details of structure and history, all of which furnish a

basis for conclusions which are of much benefit to the driller or well 

owner.

WORK OF COLLECTING WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES.

ORGANIZATION. 

'. . EARLY COLLECTION OF RECORDS.

Ever since the organization of the Survey the collection of records 

as an aid to the study of geolog}^ has formed an incidental part of the 

work o/f the geologist in the field, but since the beginning of the precise str'atigraphic and structural work of recent years the collection 

of records has become an important part of the Surve}7 's work in certain regions. The vast majority of wells, especially in Pennsylvania, 

were sunk a number of years ago, but fortunately many records have 

been preserved. These were carefully collected by the geologists in 

the individual localities.
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 21 

PROPOSED SECTION OF OIL AND GAS (1902).

The collection of records finally became so important that it was 

thought that a section, organized for the purpose o'f collecting them in 

connection with a study of the oil and gas fields, might be organized to 

advantage, and an outline plan for such a section was, at the request 

of Mr. M. R. Campbell, submitted to the geologist in charge of 

geology April 28, 1902, by the present writer. The following is an 

extract from this plan:

In the prosecution of the work of areal mapping, and in the determination of the 

structure of the areas surveyed by Mr. [M. R.] Campbell and members of his party 

in Pennsylvania and Indiana, it has become apparent that great importance.is to be 

attached to the information which may be derived from the deep borings for oil and 

gas.

As has been pointed out by Mr. Campbell, it is generally only in increased details 

of outcrop, made possible by accurate topographic maps, and more especially in the 

greater refinement in structural details, that improvement has been made upon the 

detailed work of the earlier surveys in the region mentioned. Engineers, coal operators, and oil and gas men with whom the geologists have come in contact and who 

have learned of the nature of the structural work which is now being undertaken, 

have almost invariably shown a marked interest in what is being accomplished and 

have fully appreciated its value to them as practical men.

Already many errors, some of them very grave, have been found in the structural 

work of the Second Survey of Pennsylvania. Supposedly continuous folds have 

been found in reality to consist of a series of short disconnected ellipsoid domes and 

canoe-shaped troughs, and marked by frequent irregularities and by noticeable-offsets 

at their terminations. Others have been shown to vary at angles as high as 60° or 

more from the positions previously determined, and, in fact, everywhere abound in 

unsuspected relations. The once famous oil fields west and northwest of Bradys 

Bend on the Allegheny River have previously been thought to have no relation to 

structure, but have now been proved to have a very close and definite relation to it, 

a fact that should be of great value in the drilling for the Speechley oil sand which 

is now going on, and in the drilling of gas wells, which, following the recent revival 

of activity, are fast becoming of great importance in this and other regions.

The determination of the minor but important details of structure is dependent (1) 

upon information afforded by mines, (2) upon observation and correlation of natural 

outcrops, and (3) upon information afforded by deep wells. The first is available 

only in synclines cpntaining workable coals. The second is of little value in many 

localities because of the general absence of distinctive characteristics over broad areas 

and through considerable vertical ranges of the Devonian and Carboniferous, rocks, 

not only in Pennsylvania and Indiana, but in many other of the areas where these 

rocks occur. In such regions the oil and gas wells have frequently furnished trie only 

reliable data for the determination of the structural details.

The growing disposition on the part of the States to cooperate with the United 

States Geological Survey makes it somewhat, probable that work similar to that 

now going on in Pennsylvania will at no very distant date be undertaken at other 

points, where presumably similar conditions will prevail and similar results be 

expected and required.

The great value of well records in his work in Pennsylvania was fully appreciated 

by Mr. Campbell, and considerable amounts of time were devoted both by him and 

by myself to the collection of such records. Some 1,500 were obtained in 1901. 

It has become apparent, however, that to carry out the collection of records to the
22 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING B'OR 1904. [BULL. 264.

extent desirable, and especially to properly file and catalogue them so as to be 

readily available, is impracticable with the present force. This, in addition to the 

advisability of collecting and publishing this information (which seems likely to be 

of considerable economic value), has led Mr. Campbell to suggest to me that I place 

before you the question as to the advisability of employing or assigning some geologist or other person who can devote the whole or a large part of his time to the 

work, and who should be given charge, under your supervision, of the work relating 

to oil and gas. .

Some of the duties that might be expected to devolve, in whole or in part, upon 

an assistant geologist or geologist in charge of oil and gas are as follows:

1. To consult with other geologists and with hydrographers and topographers with 

the view of collecting and filing information relating to deep borings for oil and gas 

obtained by the various field parties of the Survey.

2. To obtain representative records and information as to structure of all pools as 

far as possible.

3. To collect and file samples of oil- and gas-bearing rocks, together with other 

characteristic beds encountered, as far as feasible.

4. To gather together published records and all available unpublished records as 

far as practicable, and to file them in the form of card catalogues which will be available to the members of the Survey at all times.

5. To prepare a bibliography of all oil and gas papers which have appeared in 

scientific publications and, as far as practicable, those which have appeared in trade 

journals up to and including 1900.

6. To keep a bibliographic catalogue of all oil and gas papers which have appeared 

since 1900 in both scientific arid trade journals.

7. To review oil and gas periodicals and to keep records of developments and 

progress.

8. To keep a general index map showing the location of the oil and gas fields 

throughout the United States.

9. To keep State or county maps or topographic maps of the Survey, where available, to show the details of the various fields and pools of oil and gas.

10. To prepare geologic columnar sections for each pool as far as possible.

11. To prepare digests of structure for each pool as far as possible.

12. To keep a catalogue of all sands and their character and geologic positions as

far as known.

13. To prepare correlation tables of the various sands where the information is 

available. .

14. To visit new fields and investigate the geology and determine the structure, 

running levels where necessary.

15. To visit, collect records, and prepare reports on the oil and gas in quadrangles 

and districts where it is not practicable for the geologist'in charge to give his personal 

attention to the problem.

16. To furnish other geologists with all information as to stratigraphy, structure, 

etc., which is afforded by the samples and by the records and other information 

on file. '

17. To answer inquiries of operators, etc., regarding structure and other points 

relating to oil arid gas as far as possible, without divulging confidential information.

18. To publish immediately in trade journals summaries of the geological knowledge of the regions of newly discovered pools.

19. To publish in Survey publications from time to time detailed reports of the 

development, structure, and general geology of new pools or the extensions of old 

pools.

20. To prepare statistics on production, etc., for the Mineral Resources, if required. 

To summarize, the appointment or assignment of a geologist to take charge of the
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 23

oil and gas problems would create a sort of "bureau of information" which would 

be of much value to both the operator and the geologist.

The gas production is greater now than at any time in the past, and the oil production is holding its ground fairly satisfactorily. It seems likely, therefore, that 

there will be steady demand for information for some time to come, and it is not 

unlikely that an "oil and gas division-" could be m&de a division of some importance 

in the Survey.

ORGANIZATION OF THE " WELL DIVISION."

The lack of available funds made it impossible lo take up the plan 

as a part of the work of the geologic branch at that time, but in 

November of the same year a memorandum embodying a plan for a 

proposed ".well division " was submitted to the Director by Mr. F. H. 

Newell. Under this plan it was proposed to organize in the hydrographic branch a division of work devoted to wells and ground waters, 

which should be under the charge of a geologist designated "chief of 

the well division," under whom would be two assistant chiefs, one for 

the eastern part of the country and the other for the western part, 

including the sixteen reclamation States and Territories. It was 

expected that each would spend at least four months of the year in the 

Washington office, so that one geologist would be constantly on duty 

to attend to administrative work and correspondence. It was proposed to give particular attention to a card catalogue of wells and to 

the compilation and filing of schedules relating to wells, which should 

include those drilled for oil and gas as well as for water. The catalogue and other data were to be available to the entire Survey, and 

the officers of the division were to suppty information to drillers and 

others requesting it. In addition to the regular geologists, it was 

planned to have an assistant in each State to visit wells, study the 

stratigraphy, collect general information, and prepare detailed reports 

on the geology in its relation to the water resources, the results of 

which were to be published annually in progress reports, or as separate water-supply papers in the case of completed studies.

The memorandum of Mr. Newell was referred to Dr. C. W. Hayes, 

geologist in charge of geology, Who, in a letter to the Director dated 

November 18, 1902, expressed his agreement with Mr. Newell as to 

the necessity of such an organized effort to systematically secure the 

records of wells being drilled for various purposes throughout the 

country, but questioned the desirability of placing one man in charge 

of the entire work. Instead, a recommendation was made that two 

geologists be emplo}^ed, one to be placed in charge of the eastern section and the other in charge of the western. It was proposed that 

the general supervision of the work and of the scientific portions 

relating to water should rest with the hydrographic branch, while the 

portions relating to geology should be under the similar supervision 

of the geologic branch.
24 EECOED OF DEEP WELL DEILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

The letter contained a recommendation that the present writer be 

assigned to the charge of the eastern section, which assignment was 

made by the Director on December 23. To Mr. N.'H. Darton was 

assigned the charge of the western section.

WOEK OF THE DIVISION OF HYDEOLOGY IN 1903.

The designation of "well division/' later gave place to that of 

''division of hydrology." but without change of scope of work. Plans 

for collecting well records were taken up immediately on the organization of the division. As has been indicated, it was originally intended 

to include the collection of oil and gas records with those of water, but 

because of lack of available funds and proper assistance it was necessary to confine attention entirely to water. For use in connection 

with the collection of well data, forms for mailing to well owners and 

cards for filing the information were prepared. The form for mailing has been slightly modified from time to time. The form now 

used is as follows:

SIR: In its study of the water resources of the United States, which this Survey is 

making with the view of publishing the results for the benefit of the people, an 

attempt is being made to obtain important facts relating to wells, whether flowing 

or not. As it is impracticable on account of expense to visit all places, the endeavor 

is made to extend and complete the information by correspondence. If you will aid 

in this work by furnishing the data requested in the following list of questions your 

assistance will be much appreciated. If yon can not supply all the data, kindly 

answer such of the questions as you can, a partial report being much better than 

none.

The following inquiry blank is on the same form with the above 

letter:

1. Well is in.................County. The nearest post-office is.................

Distance of well from post-office........ Direction horn post-office........

(Miles.)

Locate by section if publicrland surveys exist: Township......, Range.......

Section....... Quarter. ................................................

If in town, give street and number.......................................

2. Owner ............................ Address...............................

3. Driller ............................ Address ...............................

4. Situation of well...................... Elevation is...... feet........... .the

(Hill, slope, plain, valley.) (Above or below.)

level of..................................................................

(Sea, railroad station, lake, river.)

5. Type of well.......................... Year completed....... Diameter at

(Dug, driven, bored, or drilled.) 

top...... At bottom .....................................................

6. Depth of well....... Does it enter rock?....... If so, at what depth?.......

7. Depth to principal water bed................................... Character of

water bed....................-.........'......-...........................

(Gravel, sand, clay, rock, etc. If rock, state kind.)'

8. Were any other water beds or seams found?...... If so, give depth of each......

9. Give sizes and lengths of casing..............................................
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL KECOEDS AND SAMPLES. 25

10. Does water flow at surface without pumping?............ If so, at what height

does it now flow?.....................................................

Has'it*been tested to see how high it will rise?............ If so, to what

height?............ What is its pressure?....................... ...^..

If not flowing, how near surface does it stand when highest?...............

When lowest? ....................................--.'.--.........-..-

11. Is well pumped?.................................................. If so, by

what ....................................................................

(Suction, deep well, or force pump, steam, gasoline, air-lift, or windmill.)

12. Temperature of water at well mouth ............. Month taken..............

Temperature at bottom ..............?......................................

13. Natural yield, if flowing............ Maximum yield by pumping............

(Gals, per min.) (Gals, per min.)

water is lowered............ feet by pumping.

. (State number.)

14. Has supply decreased or increased?................ To what due?............

15. Is flow or clearness of water affected by storms, winds, etc.?............ If so,

describe .................................................................

16. Quality of water hard, soft, salty, alkaline, iron, or sulphur bearing...........

Cost of well................. Of pumps...................................

17. Is water used for drinking?.......... Washing?......... Cooking?.........

Stock?........... Manufacturing?........... Irrigation?.................

If for manufacturing uses, state nature.............. If for irrigation, give

crops ...-..................-_................................-.......

If used for public supply, give number of buildings and people supplied: 

Buildings.................... People.................^........... '. ..

Is it sold?............ If so, for what purposes? ....... ..................

, If used for purposes not mentioned, please name..........................

18. Describe interesting peculiarities of well, if any, on back of this sheet..........

19. Give record of beds passed through, analysis of water, names of other well

owners or drillers on back. 

Name of person filling out blank ..........................................

These or similar circulars were distributed in Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, 

Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, and a large number of records 

were obtained, of which about 2,750 were listed in Water-Supply and 

Irrigation Paper No. 102. The larger part of the records gave little 

information as to the strata penetrated, although a considerable number of detailed records were obtained from scattered localities and 

published in the paper mentioned. The circulars described are still 

largely used to obtain data relating to wells other than records of 

strata penetrated.

PRESENT ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK.

In the summer of 1903 it became necessary, in order to make fine 

distinctions in glacial materials on Long Island, New York, where 

the geology and water resources were under investigation,, to collect samples from the wells being drilled on the island. This work 

of collecting samples was in charge of Mr. A. C. Veatch. The will-
26 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL.264.

ingness shown by operators and drillers to assist and the value of the 

material obtained suggested the organization of a similar system for 

the entire country.

Accordingly, during the fall of 1903, Mr. Veatch drew up an outline of a proposed system for collecting and preserving well samples, 

which was indorsed by the geologists interested in the keeping of records and samples, with the result that it was decided to take up the 

work as soon as circumstances should permit, which was at the beginning of the fiscal year 1904-5.

The plan outlined by Mr. Veatch for the collection of well records 

and samples contained many points in common with that for the proposed " oil and gas section," submitted by the present writer in 1902. 

(See pp. 28-39.) The principal points of difference are the inclusion of 

water wells in the present system and the exclusion of oil and gas data, 

except as they relate to stratigraphy and structure as shown by the 

well records. The items covered by paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 16, and 

17 of the former plan are likewise covered by the present work, while 

.it is hoped that in the future those mentioned in paragraphs 10, 11, 

and 14 will also be included.

As the plan originated in the division of hydrology the new work 

was assigned to it, about two-fifths of the expense being borne by the 

eastern section and the remainder shared equally by the western 

section of hydrology and the geologic branch. The oversight of the 

work rests with the chief of the eastern section, but its inauguration 

was placed in the hands of Mr. Veatch, assisted by Mr. E. F. Lines, 

by whom it was put into successful operation. On the relinquishment 

of the work by Mr. Veatch, who wished to take up more purely 

scientific problems,, the prosecution devolved upon. Mr. Lines, to

whom much of the success of the work is due.

RESULTS.

The results obtained during the six months in which the system for 

collecting records and samples has been in operation are very gratifying. The practical nature of the plan has appealed to drillers and 

others interested in wells and has resulted in many offers of cooperation. The plan has likewise been cordially received by the press 

and favorably commented upon editorially.

In the office the plan has likewise been shown to be eminently 

practical. The system outlined by Mr. Veatch has now been in operation long enough to thoroughly test its efficiency, and has proved to 

be simple in operation, economical as to labor, convenient to handle, 

and effective in its results. A few minor changes have been found 

desirable, but in all its main features the plan followed is substantial^ 

as original^ formulated.
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 27

The results of the work may be summarized as follows:

Approximate number of persons returning samples, 200. 

Number of wells represented by complete sets of samples, 111. 

Number of wells represented by incomplete sets of samples, 190. 

Total number of samples received, 3,945. 

Records received in Survey notebooks, 139. 

Records received in other ways, 230.

The scientific results include detailed records from 111 wells. Of 

these nothing need be said, their character being indicated by^ the 

present report.

METHODS OF WORK.

A number of States have, as a part of their work, undertaken a 

more or less systematic collection of deep-well records. The Second 

Geological Survey of Pennsylvania especially gave great attention to 

this feature, employing several men on the work of collecting and 

tabulating well records, of which several thousand were published. 

In some cases observers selected by the State survey were stationed at 

certain important, wells to insure the collection of samples and the 

taking of accurate measurements. A great number of well records 

have also been independently collected by geologists throughout the 

country for the information they throw on stratigraphic and other 

problems, and a considerable number of them have been published, 

often constituting contributions of great importance to those interested in the occurrence of oil, gas, brines, and potable waters. The 

present system of the United States Geological Survey is believed to 

be more extensive and comprehensive than any previous^ put in operation for the collection of well records and samples, and it has been 

thought desirable to put on record a description of the plan, for the 

benefit of those persons or organizations who may desire to conduct 

similar work in the future.

It being manifestly impossible, because of the great expense 

involved, to place observers at the various wells, it was necessary to 

arrange for cooperation on the part of drillers throughout the country. This cooperation could in general be expected only when the 

drillers should be substantially benefited by the work, and consequently in the development of the plan this point was kept constantly in the foreground. Arrangements were made whereby such 

questions as the drillers should submit in regard to their work would 

be promptly attended to, and records interpreted or samples examined 

on request. In return the driller is requested to furnish written records 

of his wells and samples of materials penetrated, his assistance to be 

acknowledged in the reports on well records, issued annually.
28 EEOOBD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

GENERAL PLAN AND DETAILS OF WORK.

(FORMULATED BY A. C. VEATCH.)

The plan followed in the collection of well records and samples was 

developed by Mr. A. C. Veatch, assistant geologist, who also drew up 

the various forms used in correspondence, field, and office. The work 

may be summarized as follows:

First step is to obtain the names and addresses of drillers and well 

owners, who are informed of the advantages of saving samples and 

records and invited to cooperate. When a driller signifies his willingness to assist, he is supplied with notebooks for keeping the records, 

and small bags for shipping the samples through the mails free of 

cost. The receipt of all records or samples is acknowledged. If the 

original invitation to cooperate is not answered within a reasonable 

time, a second request is sent, which may be followed by others if 

necessary. An account is kept, by means of a card file, of letters and 

bags sent, and the records and samples are likewise systematically filed 

as received. At the end of each year, or oftener if the conditions 

demand, a report is to be prepared giving the names of persons cooperating, a summary of the wells reported, and complete records of the 

more important wells represented by samples or by detailed records.

SOURCES OF ADDRESSES OP DRILLERS AND WELL OWNERS.

One of the first steps in the work was to secure the names of drillers 

or owners of wells in process of drilling. These were obtained from 

the following sources: (1) City directories, gazetteers, etc., (2) parties 

voluntarily offering to cooperate, (3) trade and engineering publications, (4) geologists and others in the field, (5) newspaper clippings.

The citj^ directories and gazetteers of drillers furnished the largest 

number of addresses, but as all classes of drillers, including many local 

operators, are there included the percentage volunteering to assist was 

small. Perhaps the most effective aid was secured through voluntary 

offers of assistance from drillers in response to a press notice describing the work which the Survey is undertaking in the collection of 

samples and records and asking for cooperation. This was widely 

published, often with favorable editorial comment, in engineering, oil, 

and water journals and in newspapers. A large number of addresses 

of drillers and owners were also secured from advertisements for bids, 

news notes on water supplies, etc., in the engineering and trade journals. The journals now consulted are as follows: Engineering News, 

Fire and Water Engineering, American Magazine of Mining and 

Investment, Pacific Oil Reporter, Petroleum Gazette, Oil Investors 

Journal, and the semiweekly Oil City Derrick. A single issue of a 

weekly magazine may furnish as high as ten or more addresses, and the
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL KECOEDS AND SAMPLES. 29

cooperation obtained through these addresses, especially through those 

obtained from advertisements for bids, is especially efficient. The 

newspapers throughout the country contain a vast amount of information relating to wells, but it has been found that this is not satisfactorily 

collected by the press-clipping bureaus, and at present little use can 

be made of it.

Filing of clippings. The magazines are examined as received and 

clippings taken of advertisements for bids, news notes, etc. These, 

together .with the clippings received through the press bureaus, are 

commonly pasted on a 4 by 6 inch card. At the-top of this card is 

space for the name of the State, county, and town. If the clippings 

are long and require folding, an envelope attached to the face of the 

card, opening upward, is of much assistance in filing.

The clipping cards are marked with the name of the publication, 

and the volume, page, and date, after which they are filed by State,

county, and locality. The clipping file gives not only addresses, but 

a comprehensive summary of drilling operations and allied subjects.

PREPARATION OF MAILING LIST.

Each name and address of a driller or well owner is entered on a 

4 by 6 inch card, which also serves as a stock card. In addition to the 

spaces for the name and address there are spaces for recording the 

position (owner, contractor, foreman, driller, etc.) of the person 

referred to, the dates on which circular letters inviting cooperation 

were sent, the addresses to which supplies are sent, the number of 

notebooks and bags furnished, and the dates on which they were forwarded. The form of this card is shown below.

1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 

Name, Position,

Permanent address, First circular sent,

Circulars sent.

Date. Address.

/

N.B.

'

Account of bags sent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

E

 

 

 

 '

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 = 

 

 

 

 

 
30 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

ARRANGEMENTS FOR COOPERATION.'

When the addresses are first recorded on the cards, a letter inviting 

cooperation is sent. The character of the letter varies with the person 

to whom it is addressed, but one or the other of two forms is commonly 

used. These are given below, the first being sent to drillers and the 

second to well owners.

Letter sent to drillers.

SIR: The demand for information regarding wells has become so great that the 

United States Geological Survey has decided to issue a yearly publication giving 

briefly an account of the wells bored in the preceding year. This report is to be 

published as near the beginning of each year as practicable, and will be sent to all 

who apply for it. It will contain the names and addresses of persons doing well 

work, and will summarize the work done by them in the preceding year.

In order that no portion of your work may be overlooked in this report, you are 

requested to inform this office from time to time of the progress of your work and to 

forward records and samples of the materials penetrated in your wells.

That the foreman of the outfit, or the person visiting the wells, may not be burdened with a great number of bulky bottles or cans and an ever-growing accumulation of samples, small canvas bags have been prepared (one of which is inclosed) in 

which samples may be transmitted through the mails without the payment of postage. As these samples can be mailed as often as the men visit the post-office, there 

is no danger that they will accumulate and become burdensome. For the keeping 

of a log a convenient pocket memorandum book has been prepared and will be sent 

with the sample bags.

In order to keep in.touch with you and your foreman, a card like the inclosed will 

be mailed at stated intervals. This will not only serve as" a reminder, but will save 

you some clerical labor.

This work should enlist your cooperation for the following reasons:

First. Your name, and work will be kept before a class of readers interested in well 

drilling.

Second. Records of your work will be carefully filed in this office, and will be 

readily available to you at any time, so that in case your notes are lost they can be 

duplicated.

Third. You will aid materially in the study of the geological structure of the 

United States, a knowledge of which can not fail to benefit you as a well driller.

In some cases it will be necessary that the records should be regarded as confidential, and in these cases the information will be carefully guarded, and used only 

under the conditions which you stipulate.

I shall be glad to hear from you regarding this work and will be grateful to you 

for any suggestions.

Letter sent to well owners.

SIR: The Survey is making a systematic collection of well records and samples. 

Such data are of great assistance in the study of many of the problems which the Survey is called upon to investigate, and you are cordially invited to render assistance 

by sending to this office records and samples from the wells in which you are 

interested.

The results of this work, except in cases of confidential records, will appear in a 

yearly publication and in detailed reports of special areas, which will be prepared 

from time to time, copies of which will be sent to you.

If you will undertake to save samples, please sign and return the inclosed card, 

which requires no postage. A supply of canvas bags like the one inclosed will then
FOLLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 31

be sent you, in order that the samples may be transmitted through the mails without 

the payment of postage.

In some cases it is necessary that records be regarded as confidential, and in these 

cases the information will be carefully guarded and used only under the conditions 

which you stipulate.

When the first letter inviting cooperation is sent out the date is 

entered on the card (p. 29). If a reply is not received in two weeks 

or a month, it is often desirable to send out a second letter. In order 

to keep track of this correspondence, projecting metal clips of different colors are used. Thus, if the first circular is sent out on January 

1, and it is desired to send a second letter on January 15, the date 

January 1 is entered on the line opposite "circulars sent," while the 

clip is placed on the number 15 at the top of the card. As the cards 

are of uniform size and fit closely into the drawer, all the clips for a 

given date fall in a single line, and it is easy to select the cards for a 

particular date without handling those relating to any other date. To 

assist still further in handling the correspondence, clips of the following colors are used for the different classes of cooperators: Copper 

for persons such as foremen for large firms saving samples by order 

of employers or others; white for all other persons saving samples; 

green for owners not saving samples, and steel-blue for drillers not 

saving samples.

If a reply is not received to the first letter by the end of two weeks, 

a second letter is sent, which is commonly as follows:

Second letter sent to drillers and well owners.

SIR: In order that the collection of well samples being made by this office may be 

as complete as possible, one of the inclosed forms is sent at stated intervals to all 

persons interested in well drilling.

If you will save samples of well borings for the Geological Survey, please fill out 

this card, which requires no postage, and return it to this office, when a supply of 

canvas bags, which will carry the samples through the mail without the payment 

of postage, will be sent you.

The card should-also be filled out if you need additional sample bags or if you are 

about to move your outfit to a new place.

If a reply to the second letter is not received, the same form is sent 

again after an interval varying with the individual circumstances. 

By repetition the letter serves to impress the importance of the work 

upon persons not responding to the first invitation, with the result 

that cooperation is sometimes finally secured. The same letter is also 

sent from time to time to persons saving samples, in order to keep in 

touch with them, to make sure that the work is not forgotten, and 

that the necessary supplies are ordered as required. . With the original letter inviting cooperation and with the second 

letter there are inclosed a sample of the bags used for shipping samples 

and a franked card on which the recipient can designate the number 

of notebooks and bags required.
82 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

The sample bags are of light but strong canvas and measure 3£ by 5 

inches. On them are printed the "penalty frank" and the Survey 

address. At the top is a string for securely tying in the contents 

before shipment.

When the card requesting supplies is received the supplies are 

immediately shipped, together with a notice of shipment.

TAKING OF NOTES AND SAMPLES.

. Form of notebook used. As every effort has been made to assist the 

driller in keeping notes and saving samples, special notebooks as well 

as sample bags were devised.

On the front cover of the notebooks now in use ft is the title, and on 

the back cover are printed a postal frank and the address of the Survey, so that the book may be returned by mail without wrapping. 

Experience has shown that the books become much less soiled than 

was anticipated, little trouble being encountered in this line.

The inside, of the front cover contains the following simple directions, prepared by Mr. Veatch:

Suggestions to drillers.

1. Samples should be taken from each bed passed through, and never more than 

20 feet apart, even in the same bed.

2. Samples from wells in sands and clays should not be washed, as washed samples 

of sandy clay show only clean sand and give a wrong idea of the character of the bed.

3. All oyster, clam, or other fossil shells should be placed in the bags with the dirt 

or sand in which they are found and marked with the depth from which obtained.

4. Samples should be dry before being mailed.

5. A blank label will be found in each bag. After it is filled out it should be folded < once to protect the writing.

6. Bags should be tied securely and mailed. They require no postage.

7. In the first two or three samples sent in, the "Location" should be filled out 

with care; in the succeeding samples so much care need not be taken with location, 

but the rest of the card should be complete.

8. Note depth and thickness of all water-bearing layers.

9. Note under "Remarks" the quality of the water from each layer, as hard, soft, 

salty, alkaline, or sulphur bearing.

10. Note height to which water from each layer rises in well, and give flow in 

gallons per minute.

11. Make frequent use of the "Remarks" column to explain your notes.

12. If you leave the rig, send in your notebook with the name of your successor 

and a new book will be sent to him.

13. If you do not understand what is wanted, or desire information on any point, 

write to this office, using one of the envelopes sent with the first shipment of bags. 

They require no postage.

14. It sometimes happens that unauthorized persons represent themselves as members of the Survey. If you desire to know whether a man is connected with the 

Survey, ask for his identification card, which is signed by the Secretary of the Interior and the Director of the Geological Survey.

'aA new edition to be used after January 1 varies in a number of unessential particulars from the 

form here described.
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECOKDS AND SAMPLES. 33

Names of owners and drillers who furnish records and samples will appear in the 

annual publication of the Geological Survey on well borings.

The Survey desires to assist and cooperate with owners and drillers in every way 

possible, and will be glad to answer questions.

To assist the driller in identifying the rocks, in obtaining a correct 

understanding of simple geologic conditions, and in .keeping more 

intelligent records, a few geologic notes and definitions of the more 

common types of rocks, based largely on notes by Mr. G. H. Eldridge, 

are printed on the inside of the back cover and on the page facing it, 

respectively. These are given below.

Geologic notes.

In a simple classification rocks may be grouped into three divisions: (1) Sedimentary, (2) metamorphic, and (3) igneous.

Sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks are formed of fragments worn from older 

rocks by the action of rain, wind, frost, etc. Such materials were carried by water 

or glaciers until deposited as beds of clay, sand, gravel, marl, etc. Other deposits 

consist largely of corals, or of shells, such as oysters and clams. When first deposited 

the materials are loose and unconsolidated, but they become gradually hardened and 

cemented together, especially when covered by later beds, and form solid rocks.

Metamorphic rocks. Sedimentary rocks have frequently been subjected to heat and 

pressure, which has further hardened them, or even produced a crystalline texture. 

Sediments and igneous rocks so altered are known as metamorphic rocks. Micaschist and marble are typical examples. They generally retain a bedded or foliated 

structure.

Igneous rocks. Igneous rocks have come from the earth's interior in a molten state 

and have forced their way between other rocks or have overflowed as lava beds at 

the surface. They are nearly all more or less crystalline in texture.

Resemblance of rocks of different, ages. Rocks of the types indicated above occur the 

world over, those of one locality often being indistinguishable from those of another. 

Notwithstanding this, there may be a difference of thousands of years in age and a 

great variance in conditions.of formation. It is not warrantable, therefore, to say 

that because a rock in California has the same composition as an oil-bearing rock in 

Ohio it is of the same age and will yield petroleum.

Fossils. In sedimentary rocks remains of animals and plants are often found. 

These generally consist of portions or impressions of shells, skeletons, or leaves, and 

are known as fossils. A bed can frequently be recognized and its age determined by 

fossils. It is of great importance that all fossils be saved.

Definition of a formation. A. rock or succession of rocks possessing uniformity of 

character throughout a considerable area is termed a formation, and is given a name, 

such as Trenton limestone, etc. The importance of identifying these is great, and 

their identification will be much facilitated by the preservation of samples.

Structure. When deposited, sedimentary beds are nearly horizontal. Subsequently 

they have often been thrown into inclined positions or bent into wave-like folds, the 

arches of which are known as anticlines and the troughs as synclines. When the beds 

are further disturbed they may become broken and the different parts displaced or 

faulted from their original position. The slope of the beds is known as the dip, and 

the direction in which they extend or would outcrop on a horizontal surface is known 

as the strike. The directions of strikes and dips are of importance in studying the 

occurrence of water and oil, and should be recorded whenever possible.

Bull. 264 05 3
34 BECOED OF BEEF WELL DEILLING FOE 1904. [BULL.264.

The definitions of rocks are as follows:

In order to assist the driller in keeping records, brief definitions of the more common rock terms are given below.

UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSITS.

Soil and subsoil. The weathered upper portions of any rocks. 

Till. An irregular mixture of clay, sand, and bowlders deposited by glaciers. 

Alluvium. Sand, clay, etc., deposited by streams.

Gravel, sand,'and clay. Made up respectively of pebbles, sand grains, and finer 

particles.

Chalk. A soft, white earthy substance made up of fine particles of lime. 

Marl. A clayey substance containing much lime.

SEDIMENTARY KOCKS.

Sedimentary rocks are made up of fragments of older rocks. The fragments or 

grains are usually rounded, a feature which helps to distinguish them from igneous 

rocks.

Conglomerate. Consolidated gravel.

Sandstone. A consolidated sand. It is said to be massive if there are few bedding 

planes, and shaly if it splits into plates.

Quartzite. A sandstone in which the,spaces between the grains have filled with a 

hard cement (silica), forming an excessively hard rock.

Shale. Consolidated clay; a soft, fine-grained rock which tends to split into thin 

plates (often improperly called soapstone).

Slate. Like shale, but harder; splits into thin plates which mayor may not coincide 

Avith the bedding. The tendency to split is not often recognized in drilling. Example: 

Roofing slate.

Limestone. Formed from consolidated marly beds, or from beds of coral, shellfish, 

etc. It is composed mainly of carbonate of lime, but often contains sand and other 

impurities, and is often very hard. It can be most readily detected by the bubbling 

which takes place when it is touched with muriatic acid.

Flint, rock salt, r/ypsum, coal. These are too well known to require definition.

Concretion*. Hardened lump-like masses within the rock, and should not be confounded With real bowlders.

METAMORPHIC AND IGNEOUS HOCKS.

These rocks are generally made up of angular crystals, often recognizable by their 

glistening faces, a feature which is not often possessed by the fragments of sedimentary rocks.

Marble and dolomite. Marble is a cystalline limestone and gives the same reaction 

with acid as limestone, marl, and chalk. Dolomite resembles limestone, but the bubbling with acid takes place only when.the acid is hot. In composition it differs from 

limestone and marble in that it contains carbonate of magnesium.

'Soapstone or talc. Fairly soft and greasy to the touch. It is seldom encountered 

in drilling, the substance called soapstone usually being a soft shale, although the 

name is sometimes incorrectly applied to clay or slate.

Schist. A crystalline rock characterized by thin layers of mica or other mineral.

Gneiss. A rock intermediate in character between schist and granite.

Granite. A crystalline rock composed of quart/., feldspar, and other minerals.

Trap. A very dark crystalline rock of igneous origin.
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 35

The first page of the notebook is used for a general record of the 

well. It is as follows: ~ .

Well record on first page of driller's notebook.

Well is located......miles in a........._..'.. .direction

from..............................post-office, in the

...... J of-.-..-i- of Sec........Twp...... Range.....

Owner...............................................

Contractor...........................................

Drillers..............................................

AVell began........... 190.; completed ........... 190.

Rig used cable, rotary, jet, or........................

Diameter of well: ......inches from......ft. to......ft.;

......inches from......ft. to......ft.

Length of casing......................................

Casing perforated or strainer inserted at............. ft.

Main water supply from ...... ....................: .ft.

Well pumps.... .gals, per minute from depth of..... .ft.

Well flows ......gals, per minute from'1 depth of...... ft.

If flowing, what is the pressure?.........................

Pool or district...............................

Well No....... on ...................... farm.

Amount of oil obtained.......................

Fill out 

for oil

and gas 

wells. Amount of gas obtained. 

Name of sand...........

Recorded by. 

Address .....

The notebook contains 7 double pages for the recording of data. It 

is an adaptation of a form used by Mr. M. R. Campbell for oil records, 

which in turn followed the general plan of the notebooks of the Second 

Geological Survey of Penns}7 lvania and of later surveys and corporations. On each double page are seven columns, headed as follows: 

"Sample No.," "Rock or material," "Color," "Hard or soft," 

"From ," "To ," "Remarks."

Taking and forwarding samples. In taking, preparing, and shipping samples the suggestions in the notebooks are generally followed fairly closely. The samples are commonly taken every 10 

feet, or at every change of material, dried on a board or otherwise,
36 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 204.

and then placed in the bags. . With each sample is included a 2 by 3 

inch label, on which the following data are given by the driller: 

Sample number, location, name of owner, driller, arid person sending 

sample, and the depth at which the sample was obtained.

EXAMINATION AND FILING OF SAMPLES.

Transfer to bottles. When received at the office the samples are 

transferred to glass bottles. The bottles now in general use are 

approximately 2f inches long and three-fourths inch in diameter.

Glass jars, measuring 3 by If inches, Avith a tin cover screwing on 

the top, were originally used, but they were found to be larger than 

necessary in most cases, although they are convenient where fragments are blown out in shooting or where fossils or pebbles are 

brought up.

Acknowledgment of samples. When the bags are opened the labels 

are examined and acknowledgment is made to the persons sending 

them.

EXAMINATION OF SAMPLES AND FILING OH1 RECORDS.

Whenever a set of samples from a particular well is complete it 

may be taken from the temporary files and referred to a< geologist 

for examination and identification. The data thus1 obtained, together 

with those afforded by the drillers' notebook, are then compiled on 

cards. At the top of these cards are spaces for the names of State, 

county, and town in which the sample was obtained, for the names 

of the owner and driller of the well and of the person sending the 

samples, and for the dates of opening and closing the account. Below 

this space for general information are seven columns, which contain 

the following headings: "Date," "No.,". "Character of strata," 

"From- " "To-," "Drawer No.," "Date." If the record is long,

supplementary cards are used. These are ruled as described above, 

but at the top there are spaces for only the names of the State, county, 

and town.

Data of economic value are recorded on a separate card. The various cards, together with clippings, notebooks, etc., relating to the 

same well are then fastened together by a clip and filed by locality.

STORAGE OF SAMPLES.

Importance of preservation of samples. Mr. A. C. Veatch urged 

the general preservation of samples, as. descriptions even by the best 

geologists are seldom as satisfactory as the samples themselves. Because of advances in geologic science and of later and more precise 

data for discriminating the characters of underground beds, peculiarities which had been entirely overlooked or misinterpreted often become clear as a result of a later examination. Many facts of Value,
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 37

both to science and to the practical driller, would undoubtedly be lost 

if the samples were discarded as soon as examined/ Of course, certain simple types of sandstones, shales, and limestones can be described 

with a considerable degree of accuracy, and such samples, together 

with duplicates from the same bed, can be discarded, but the present 

policy is to preserve everything that can possibly be of value.

Labeling of sample bottles. When the samples are transferred to 

the bottles a label is made out from the tield label which accompanies 

the sample. It is printed on gummed paper, so that it may be easily 

attached to the bottle, and on it are written the well and sample 

number, depth, date, location, and name of owner.

Temporary.files. The samples frequently come in one or two at a 

time, and it is generally desirable to postpone final examination until 

all those from the same well have been received. As received they 

are put into bottles, labeled, given well and sample numbers, and put 

into a case for temporary tiling. The object of the temporary files is 

to afford storage for samples from miscellaneous w.ells until the sets 

from the individual wells are complete. The cases are built in units 

with smooth ends 40 inches long, 32^- inches high, 24 inches deep, and 

are provided with glass doors to shut out the dust. Each contains 14 

drawers in 2 rows of 7 each. Each drawer is 15£ by 20^ inches, 

inside measurement, and is 2^- inches deep. The guides are so placed 

(hat a;space of three-fourths of an inch is left between each drawer 

to allow for the projecting bottles. The drawers are further subdivided by pasteboard partitions, similar to those used in packing eggs, 

into 108 compartments, each one of which will hold four of the 

smaller bottles or one of the large jars. The maximum capacity is 

432 bottles to a drawer, or about 5,000 to a case. As but few of the 

larger jars are used, the actual capacity is veiy near the maximum.

.Permanent storage of samples. After examination, or when a set is 

'complete, if desired the samples are filed in permanent storage cases 

of the same type as the temporary tiles. The compactness of the storage system will be appreciated when it is pointed out that over 200,000 

samples can be stored in a 10 by 15 foot room. The samples are filed 

by wells, which are numbered consecutively as the reports are received, 

the numbers being entered on the record cards,' which .are filed alphabetically under States and counties.

RECORDS COLLECTED INDEPENDENTLY OF SAMPLES.

The most thoughtful drillers general^ keep records of all wells 

drilled in new fields, but do not attempt to save samples, because of 

the labor involved in their handling and storage under ordinaiy conditions. Man}r of these records, which are often of much value in determining the geologic features of the region, have been, through the
38 EECOED OF DEEP WELL DEILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

courtesy of drillers and well owners, presented to the Survey. To 

facilitate the copying and filing of these records the following blank is 

used. The size of the original is 8 by 10i inches.

Form used for obtaining well records.

WELL RECORD.

Well is located............miles in a .............direction from...........................post-office

in the........y of........ T of sec......... twp........, range......... in the State of................

Owner.......................... Contractor.......................... Driller ........................

Well begun ................................... 190..; completed.................................. 190..

Rig used: Cable, rotary, jet, or............................................... Total depth............

Length of casing:........ft. Diameter:....in. from......ft. to......ft.; ....in. from......ft. to......ft.

^Completed well develops the following water-bearing strata: From..........ft. to.........ft.,

Water I from f( to..........ft., from..........ft. to.......... Main supply from..........ftwells, (completed well pumps.........gals, per min. Flows....... .gals, per min. Pressure........

Oil andJPool or district............................ Well No..........on.:.......'...............farm

.gas. [Well yields ........... Yield first 24 hours................. Initial pressure................

[Oil or gas.] 

Records sent by.................................... Address..... i.........:...........................

LOG OF WELL.

From To- Character of material. 

(State whether hard or soft, and 

give color.)

Remarks. 

(Note especially depths and thickness of all water-bearing strata, 

 height to which water from each 

layer rises, quality of the water 

from each, and yield in gallons 

per minute.)

CONFIDENTIAL RECORDS.

In many instances borings are put down at great expense for the 

simple purpose of testing for oil, gas, water, or mineral, or of determining the depth, character, and structure of coal, iron, or other 

mineral deposits, It can not be expected in such cases that the data

obtained will be thrown open to others who have gone to no expense 

in the matter, but who would be only too glad to make use of the 

information for their own interest. It is almost universal^ recognized, however, that such information m&y be safely given to the 

United States Geological Survey, whose,members are rigidly prohibited by law from having any personal or private interest in the lands 

or mineral wealth of the region under sun^y. Such informaton will, 

if desired, be regarded as strictly confidential, and a signed agreement 

by the Director to that effect will be given if requested. When confidential samples, records, or other information are received they are 

.stamped "Confidential" and the material is securely cared for.

COOPERATION WITH STATE GEOLOGISTS.

In a number of States arrangements for cooperation have been made 

with State or local geologists. Two sorts of arrangements have been 

made. In Alabama, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and West Virginia
FULLER.] COLLECTION OF WELL RECORDS AND SAMPLES. 39

the local geologists have furnished clippings, names of drillers, notices 

of wells, and other information or assistance. In Kentucky and 

Maryland, on the other hand, the State geologists act as the Survey's 

representatives, collecting the samples and records at the local offices 

and forwarding them to the Washington office.

PUBLICATIONS.

It is intended to issue annually a report giving the result of the 

year's work. The, present paper is the first of the series and represents the material received during the first six months of the operation 

of the work. Being the first report, it will differ somewhat from those 

which are expected to follow, in that an account of the organization 

and methods are incorporated in addition to the well data. The general plan is to present each year a list of persons cooperating in furnishing samples or records, a summary of the wells reported and the 

.results, and detailed records of wells. It is believed that the success 

of the work depends largely on making the material immediately 

available to drillers, well owners, and geologists rather than holding 

it for complete reports, which can generally be prepared only after 

many years of work, during which the information would be relatively 

inaccessible to those outside the Survey. Detailed reports, however, 

afford comprehensive views of the fields treated, which are not afforded 

by isolated records, and are to be prepared as opportunity offers.
/UfW *1
WELL RECORDS.

By E. F. LINES.

The records which follow were reported in 1904. A summary of 

all the records received is given in the tables, and detailed reports 

of the more important wells are given on page 78.

The sources of information are the records in drillers' notebooks 

and On record forms, letters, drafts of well sections, and samples of 

borings.

SUMMARY OF WELL DRILLING REPORTED IN 1904.

Abbreviations 'used in table. 

0, owner. 

C, contractor. 

D, driller.

M, miscellaneous sources of authority other than owner or driller. 

L, Survey possesses a log. 

S, Survey possesses samples.

 under " Height orwater," distance of surface of water below the niouth of the well. 

+ in same column, distance water will rise in an open pipe above the mouth of the well. 

Under "Diameter" a series of figures indicates different diameters.

41
42 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of ivdl drilling 

ALABAMA.

ST 0.

1

?

4

County.

Pprrv

Tallapoosa ....

Location.

Alexander City, well 

No. 2.

T.

23

R.

21

S.

27

Owner.

Alabama Oil Co.

Alexander City ..

Contractor.

.l.O.Heflin&Co.

ARKANSAS.

5

fi

7

8

9

10

.....do.........'

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Pike...........

.....do............\....

4S.

58.

4

3 W.

3 W.

4

33

4

12

Edd Beity........

G.H. Kline.......

J. D. Hewitt......

......do"..........

.....do ..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.1. B. Dillon.....

CAUFORNIA.

11

12

15

17

18

.....do.........

.....do.........

/Button Willow, 4 in.

\ N.of. 

Delano.lSm. W. of....

.....do.................

i 28

25

23

.22

25

16

( '

C. B. Craw ford ...

Frederick Cox....

0

J.L. Flood........

.....do............

Citv ..............

Co.

.T. A. Pursell....

F. U. Pursell....

F. U. Pursell ...

a See detailed record at end of table.
LINES.]

reported in 1904"

SUMMARY OF DRILLING.

ALABAMA.

43

Driller.

Otis Heflin.

|

0

<

0

M

n

0

.c

OJ

 P

.«.

420

954

8 '5

300

cJ <I>

IP

sM

In.

4-3

10

Depth

to principal 

water 

or oil

supply.

Ft.

267

855

200

Height 

of 

water.

- 40

-240

Yield per

minute.

>

o

fc.

Gals.

a

D

ftn

Gals.

10

Year 

completed.

1904

1904

1QO4

1904

Kind of 

well.

Water .

Oil ....

Water

..do....

Remarks.

gas. (L. S.)

17'> feet. (L. S.)

80 feet. (L. S.)

No

1

?

a

4

ARKANSAS.

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.1. B. Dillon.....

r

0

0

(V

0

101

95

103

100

170

 f.

">

? 

95

98

98

100

8

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

66 feet.

water.

S.)

K

»

>>

5

in

CALIFORNIA.

T A Pursfill

F. U. Pursell....

.....do..........

F. U. Pursell . . .

C,

C.

M

0

M

M

r,

365

,

828J

617

400

136

166

150

868

10

10-

8-7

fi-5

10

f 311 

\ 323 1 346

}»

610

470

I""-

-253

1,077

30

1,050

'24

4

1904

'

1904

1904

1901

19C4

19C4

'

1903

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

f Water at 80, 109,

1 131,167,176,229,

1 242, and 357 feet.

1 (L. S.)

Water strata between 484 feet

and bottom of 

well. Sulphur 

and other minerals.

beds at 270 and

540 feet. (L.)

mouth of well

256 feet. A. T.

(L.)

(L.S.)

..I.. do. ...........

Test well Produces 400 gallons a minute.

1"

12

13

14

IS

17

18
44 BECOKD' OF DEEP WELL DBILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

COLORADO.

No.

19

?n

?1

County.

.....do.........

Otero..........

Location. T.

35

R.

68 W.

S.

20

Owner.

Dr. Albert A.

Clough.

Rwy. Co. 

.....do............

Gas Co.

Contractor.

C'ONNECTIC UT.

93

?4

S5

2fi

?7

?8

?9

30

.....do.........

.....do.........

Hartford.......

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do..................

.....do.....'............

.....do.................

.....do.................

Stokes.

Co.

fGustav Wollenl berg.

Britain.

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

l....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

FLORIDA.

3?

33

34

Polk....:......

Developraen t 

Co.

Leon.

W. F. Hamilton.

.....do..........

« See detailed record at end of table.
LINES-! SUMMARY OF DRILLING.

reported in 1904 Continued.

COL.OBADO.

45

 DriHer.

gle.

hority.

3

<

M

 M

M

M.

£

ID

Cf

Ft.

54

49

1,703

meter.

03

5

In.

61

10|

Depth

to principal 

water 

or oil

supply.

Ft.

230

Height 

of 

water.

- 38

- 45

- 30

'

Yield per

minute.

o

PK

Gals.

ft

D

fri

Gals.

25

50

Year 

complet- ed'.

1902

1903

1902

Kind of 

well.

\Vfttcr

..do....

..do....

Oil.....

Remarks.

Abandoned on

account of decrease in yield.

(L.)

(L.).:.... .........

(L.S.)... ......

No.

19

20

91

22

CONNECTICUT.

.....do..........

Cieorffe Northrop.

.....do..........

.....do..........

:....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

c

f,

r,

r,

(i.

c

r,

0,

0,

142

09

40

50

37

118

167

G5

6-4*

fi

f.

fi

fi

fi

fi

fi

fi

200

120

60

35

50

108'

19

- 16

- 40

4

20

12

25

SO

10

2

10

1903

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

Water .

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

Water- bearing

 beds at 300 and 

350 feet. Water 

hard.

Yields hard water .

Pumps from 20 to

30 gallons per 

minute. (L.)

(L.)...............

(L.S.)............

Water at 76 and

155 feet. (L.S.) 

Water at 40, 50,

and 60 feet. (L.)

?

?

 9

?

?

?

3

FLORIDA.

W.F.Hamilton.

.....do..........

M

V

M

265

725

1,278-

1904

1904

Oil ....

Water .

..do....

pended. (L.S.) 

(L.S.)..-..........

" Plagler -Well."

F 1 o w a t 4 6 8, 

1,110, and 1,200 

feet, latter 

"milky with 

lime." Flow 

also atl,225 feet. 

(L.)

 3?

33

M
46 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

\

Summary of well drilling

GEORGIA.

No.

3ft

3fi

37

38

;w

County.

Lee

Walker ........

.....do.........

Location.

Tifton. ................

.....do.................

T. R. S. Owner.

H. H. Tift........

City ..............

.....do............

Contractor.

IDAHO.

-in

Angeles and 

Salt LakeRwy. 

Co.

L. J. Craig......

ILLINOIS.

'11

042

43 

44 

45

o46

047

48

49 

50

51 

«52

Clark..........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Dupage........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Payson ................

Russell, 6m. SW. of...

15 N.

46 

46 

45

11 

11 

11

32

18 

22 

1

Jos. Scarborough..

(Chicago and 

< Northwestern 

I Rwy.

Hoblitzell&Co...

.....do........;...

.....do............

/Naperville water 

\ Works.

fKewa'nee Boiler 

t Co.

Wilson King......

Estate of George 

Shea.

W. H. Finch .....

Streator Bottle 

andGlassWorks.

A. J. Clark.....

1 L. Wilson Well 

[ Co.

L. Wilson Well 

Co.

J.F.MillerArtesian Well Co.

W. J. Miller's 

Sons.

W. M: Bolles... 

......do.......... 

.....do..........

.L. Wilson Well 

Co.

a See detailed record at end of table.
W1

J-t C/

CO^ 

O:

c?^

2- o!

£1

K : O" 

0^ ®

p 

«B :

p p

C to

Cn cn

CO

O * 

too

cn1 Cn

CO

O CO

CO co

tO »£> 

L a

0 0

^ p

1^ cn <t> * '

p7 : ~& ; 

l§ :

§<?' i a

 OH-'

a op^

0^

»£w M

Cn1

too

5R0

CO 01

 5"

ET Cb' Cg

a

o_

 s. O

toS£

,0

cn

cns

Ifcao

II II

r* g " "

S §.

CD

cH ^

)|

CD ^,

. 1

-2 p

-> o

<SS o to

05 T '

00 co

CO 0^ 1 g

COo§

a a

0 0

<: o

P h-* CD 5s

d> i >5T oo

j* r* ^ ^

t^gi

 , 

CO ^J

a SCO"

11^

o's'wj

' " P

asp

z?

to

CO l-i o0

* o

*-'oa"

*- ro 5. 

toa_ Cn Cfl CD 

cf^ r gs

^- -^

' o

a a

0 0,

D p

M CO

^ S

~- n*

0 0

2 2

2- S-

? c?

CD CD

?!

/;^

3- 

T>DOi

J3

**O

~-

2 P

OSo

 D1 

f^w

a a ^*

cc ^ -- 

t3 ^ < 

Ig.'

 -' P

asp

to

fSO 1 , §i§CO

 a0

» Sa"-

___"O P "?

015

1 x 

to

p'

C7"

tow

£ ' ^

 ^1

CO§pfe ^2

i!!i

||||

III

i

P

UH

kH

^! 0

(/j

oo

 Ol g1

p"

ra>-J

III fD M

r^S'cr

OQ CD

B >

S^g

0

> 

a o

5<s. <«r

s

O. o

cn1

to

Cn

CO 

CO

!_,

COgao

This wellis] from one apumping lowersthe corresp

Slog's

^ STB < £ 

am c o g.

CO
48 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

ILLINOIS Continued. 

No.

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

County.

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Will...........

Location.

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

T.

46

40

16N.

R.

8

8

5VV.

..do.

do

S.

%

9

9

10

Owner. -

Manufacturing 

Co.

L.B.Covell.......

F. McConnell.....

City ..............

.....do............

.....do............

C. and E. I. Ilwy.

Co.

Contractor.

L. Wilson Well

Co. 

W. J. Miller's

Sons. 

.....do..........

.....do..........

INDIANA.

61

aft?.

63

Delaware......

.....do.........

fAlbany. Whitehair

\ farm, well No. 1.

fRedkey. Hoppis

\ heirsfarm,wellNo.5.

}.....

} B E.

24

24

/Baltimore and

\ Ohio Rwy. Co.

JDunkirkand lledHarmon Water

Supply Co. 

fSt. Marys Drill-

\ ing Co.

INDIAN TERRITORY

65

66

Cherokee Nation. 

Osage Nation..

Bartlesville ...........

IOWA.

67

c68

a 69

a 70

«71

n

Des Moines ....

Scott ..........

Tipton..... ...........

Sioux City,3m.NW, of.

92 40 28

ing Oil Co. 

City ..............

(Cherokee State

\ Hospital.

Malting Co. 

John Bushar .....

L. Wilson Well

Co.

}.................

L. Wilson Well

Co.

a See detailed record at end of table.

cSee detailed record in report of Iowa Geological Survey, Vol. Ill, p. 197.
LINES.] SUMMARY OF DRILLING. 49

reported in 1904 Continued.

ILLINOIS Continued.

Driller.

H/W. Hambreeht; H. 

Hemhoff.

JL. C. and W. E. 

\ Trow'.

.....do..........

.

Authority.

D. 

C.

} .

D.

M. M'

M

M.

a< <p O

Ft. 

773

209

84 

92 

'16 

4;>

49

275

Diameter.

In. 

9-7

5 

5 

10

8

Depth 

to principal 

water 

or oil 

supply.

Ft.

258

84 

92 

33 

30

35 

275

Height 

of . water.

-61 

-38

-11

-25

Yield per 

minute.

6

5

Gals.

d

a3 

PL,

Gals. '94

80

12 

12 

350

Year 

completed.

1903

1904 

1904 

1904 

1904

1904 

1904 .

Kind of 

well.

Water . 

..do....

..do.... 

..do.... 

..do....

..do....

..do.... 

..do....

Remarks.

Coal at 223 feet; 

fire clay at 236 

feet. This clay 

used for, mak- 

.ing tile. (L.)

Water-bearing 

stratum 60 to 

148 feet. Water 

muddy. (L.)

(L.S.) ............

(L.S.) ............

(L.S.)............

The 3 wells are 

100 feet apart. 

(L.S.)

(L.S.) ............

Hard water at 200 

feet.

No.

63

54

55

56 

57

58

59 

60

INDIANA.

(Win. Walters;

I Wm.Jamison. 

H. J. Hughes...

/Harry Albert;!

C

}" 

M

M

266

1,262

1,2<I3

1, 385J

10

8-f,|

8-6J2

/219 to

\266

\ 1, 380

}....... 190

''5

1904

1904

1904

1904

Water .

Oil ....

..do....

..do....

/ T Q \

/Small amount of

\ oil. (L.S.)

/Gas at 960 feet.

I (L.S.)

fil

} 62

63

1 64

INDIAN TERRITORY.

M. 

M.

1,700 

2,000

Oil at 1,286 feet. 

(L.)

Wateratl, 145 feet. 

Gas pressure at 

2,000 feet prevented further 

drilling. (L.)

65 

66

IOWA.

H. W. Hambrecht; H.

Hemhoff.

W. N. Treichler.

0. G.Wilson....

R. J. Johnston..

[H. W. H a m - 

^ brecht. 

[H. Hemhoff.....

Jace Carter.....

D.

M.

M.

C.

K

M.

1,025

2, 699

1, 120J

507

1,300

' 98

8-6 £

12- 

9

58

10-8

} 1, 120

435

1*050

90

-4

-206

--50

50

45

310

148

7

1902

1902

1904

1904

1904

Water .

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do....

Water -bearing

beds at 367, 717,

and 883 feet.

Well drilled for

oil. (L.)

(L.8:) ............

Water -bearing

beds at 225, 375,

405, 475, and 535 

feet. Temperature 60°. Water hard. (L.)

(L.S.)............

[Water began to 

 J flow at depth of 

[ 996 feet, (L.)

(L.S.). ...:.......

67

68

69

70

I"

7-

Bull. 264 05 4

6 Barrels a day.
50 EECOBD OF DEEP WELL DEILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling

KANSAS.

No.

73

74

7^

76 

77 

a78

79

o80

81

82

a83 

a84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

County.

Alien..........

Chautauqua... 

......do........

......do........

.....do.........

Montgomery ..

......do........ 

Neosho ........

.....do:........

Pottawatomie .

Reno ..........

.....do.........

Sedgwick......

Location.

Hale. J. W. Darbro 

farm, well No. 1.

Hewins ...............

Fnreka

well No. 3.

Independence. 

(HeckartNo. 1).

Independence. (Logan No. 1).

Chanute. S. Smith

farm, well No. 22.

Onaga ................

Haven, 6m. S. of.....

McCracken :..........

Andale................

T.

' 32 

35

25

34

33

'27

OQ

7

26

26

R.

12 

9

12

15

15 

18

19 F

11

4

Q W

s.

13 

12

1

27 

. 10

g

11

6

8

Owner.

Rwy. Co.

Darbro Oil Co ....

Sterling Oil and 

Gas Co.

Rwy. Co.

Raff & Gammon . .

Yoke & Brown .... 

.....do'.......-....

J. F. Eabling.....

Rwy. Co. 

.....do.....:......

M.Lill. ...........

Contractor.

C. F.Noble .....

Alexander 

Bros.&Stauffer.

Kennedy & Son.

Patton & Wollord.

.....do..........

bins.

KENTUCKY.

9?

93 .....do.........

NW. of. leum Co.

a See detailed reco'rd at end of table.
LINES.] SUMMAEY OF DEILLING. 51

reported in 1904 Continued.

KANSAS.

Driller.

i \V. B.Frost; Lee

I McClung.

'C. A. Williams;) 

D. Hurst. /

C. A.Williams..

Bennett& Robbins.

E. A.Roberson..

E. A. Roberson..

Authority. '

M. 

M. 

M.

M. 

M.

M. 

M

o..

M. 

O.

0. 

M

M

C.

C. 

M.

M. 

C. 

M

a 

o. 

O

Ft. 

1,050

200 

2, 062

1,106 

1,479

1, 370 

1,255

940

875

1,041

,i6o|

752

652

602

39 

294

55S| 

52

1 s* Diameter.

O1O1O> 1"1 

fio-

|:

10

10-

S'i-3 

5

3-2 

12-5

s*-

G| 

10-6

Depth 

to prin 

cipal 

water 

or oil 

supply

Ft.

1 184

h

1, 325

640 

540

39 

282

> 278 

50

Height 

of 

water.

-830

-55

Yield per 

minute.

6

5

Gate.

5

Pump.

Gals

30

('5 

'-5

52 

90

20 

30

Voar

com 

plet 

ed.

1900

1904

1901

1904

1904

1904 

1904

1904 

1904

1904

1901 

1904

Kind of 

well.

Water 

Oil....

..do.... 

. .do ....

Water .

Oil.'....

Gas....

.do.... 

Oil ....

.do....

Water . 

.do....

.do.... 

.do....

Remarks.

(L.) .............

Saltwater at 733 

and 1,350 feet. 

Water at 1,710 

feet. Drilling 

suspended.

(Salt water at 365 

and 800 feet. 

[ Very little oil.

[Salt water at 510, 

775, and 1,060 

feet. Pay sand 

( 1446-1474. (L.)

Water at 825 and 

1,325 feet. Well 

abandoned. (L.)

Brine at 499 feet .

'Water- stratum 

\ at 882 feet. (L.)

Yield 11,000,000 

feet first 24 

hours. (L.)

Water-bearing 

beds at 275, 640, 

and 895 feet. 

Yield 18,000,000 

feet i\ T s t 24 

hours. (L.)

Water at 30, 128, 

621 feet. Brine 

at 385 feet. Oil 

at 720, 724, 728 

feet. (L. S.)

The oil grades 32°. 

(L.)

Gas and flowing 

water 633 to 559 

feet. (L. S.)

(L.S.)............

(L.) ..............

Water at 278 and 

382 feet. Salty. 

(L.)

Water at 30 feet. 

(L.)

Oil at bottom .....

No.

73 

74 

75

1-

77

 78

79 

80 

81

. 82

83

84

85 

86

~87 

88

 89 

90 

91

KENTUCKY.

M. 

M

1,300 

600

Oil .... 

..do....

(s.)....-.... ...... 92

93

b Barrels a day.
52 . RECORD OF BEEP WELL DRILLING FOR. 1904. [BULL. 264.

 Summary of well drilling 

LOUISIANA.

No.

94

QK

96

97

County.

.....do.........

Vermilion.....

Location.

Fdsrerlev

Gueydan, 5 m. SVV. of .

T.

10

12

R.

11

2

S.

22

15

Owner.

A.B. Wilkinson...

Contractor.

.....do..........

V. Wainright...

MAINE.

98

99

100 Sagadahoc ....

of.

Small Point...........

Mills. 

Eumford Falls

Light and Water Co.

Geo. O.Curtis.....

rill.

Smith&Thayer 

Co.

MASSACHUSETTS.

01m'

03

0-1

Oft

06

07

08

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do......... 

.....do.........

......clo......... ........

Worcester............. 

.....do.................

......

A. W. Baker......

M. H. Cowden....

.....do ..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

G. W. Patterson.

.....do..........

.....do.......... 

.....do..........

MICHIGAN.

109

110

111

11?

113

114

115

116

117

Kent ..........

Wexford ......

Prattville .............

wood Cemetery).

Holly .................

4>

23

^,

 39

12 W.

7

4

Bath Co. .

Rapids.

ical Co.

City of Holly.....

Sherry.

Son.
LINES.] SUMMARY OF DRILLING.

reported in 1904 Continued.

LOUISIANA.

Driller.

V.Wainright...

.....do..........

J>1 

'M

o

3

 <

C.

c

C. 0'

a

s>

«

 Ft.

535

2,200

428

280

 tJ

v"£

fl

cS

O

/?),.

10

1?

Depth

to principal 

water 

or oil

supply.

Ft.

390

1,005

150

Height 

of 

water.

0

- 5

Yield per

minute.

>

o

En

Gals.

225

 ft

3

PH

Gate..

1,800

250

Year 

completed.

1904

1901

1904

1904

Kind of 

well.

Water .

Remarks

(L.S.). ...........

warm, saltv water. (L.S.)

(L.S.)-.. ...........

Water hard.

No.

94

95

96

97

MAIXE.

C.E.Shute......

(John White;!

\ Walter Follett. I

T)

M

T)

fllft

60

100

fii

04.

6

63

20

79

35

25

2

1Q04

1904

1904

Wntor

..do..-.

..do....

Hard water at 23

and 75 feet. 

Temperature 54°. 

(L. S.) 

n a \

no

w

inn

MASSACHUSETTS.

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

...i.do...........

.....do..........

.....do..........

n

D

T)

D. 

T>

n

D

D.

75

275

60

59

97-!

80

48

41

fi

6-4|

fi

6 

fi

fi

r.

6

75

250

50

50 

25

. 58

47

2

20

1

2J 

30

5

5

1904

1904

1904

1904 

1904

1904

1904

1904

Water .

..do...-

..do...-

..do...- 

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do,...

fT Q 1

Soft. (L.)........

Water at 35 feet.

Soft. (L.S.) 

Water at 28 feet.

Soft. (L.)

Water at 30 and 

35 feet. Pumps 

(i gallons ft n 

hour, (L.)

101

102

103

104 

105

10(i

107

108

MICHIGAN.

Sherry. 

F. Howard .....

Fred Sherer ....

Lewis Maule . . .

M

C. 

0

n

r:

o.

M

D

C.

750

106 

271

364

100

97 

184

95

105

8

3 

5

6-5

2

2

105

264

97

%

 30

 44

........

-97

20

100

1904

1904 

1900

1904

1904

1904 

1904

1904

Water .

..do.... 

Salt....

..do....

..do.... 

..do....

..do,....

..do....

of strong mineral water. (L. 

S.) 

Iron and sulphur. 

(L.S.)

(L.) ..............

[T Q \

9 wells. All 

about same 

depth and yield. 

Temperature 

42°. (L. S.)

Water at 32 feet. 

Hard.

(L.) ..............

10

11

n

11

11

11

1 1

11

11
54 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of ivell drilling 

MINNESOTA.

No.

118

119

i?n

i?,i

County.

Polk...........

Location. T.

102

R.

21

S.

fi

Owner.

llwy. Co.

Contractor.

J . E. Sharp .....

J. F. McCarthy.

.....do..........

MISSISSIPPI.

n??

ra

194

195

H26

.....do.........

.....do.........

Jackson .......

E. of.

Moss point.............

Co.

berger.

Island R. K. Co.

L. N. Dantzler 

Lumber Co.

.....do..........

.....do:.........

.... .do ..........

.....do..........

MISSOURI.

aW

a199 .....do......... .....do.................

46 N. 6 12.

X

Welle Bou 1 tier

Baking Co.

A. P. Phillips...

H.W.Steinsie'k.

C.S. Wise.......

MONTANA.

130 BntteOilCo.....

« See detailed record at end of table.
t.£. cog.5" ro_ 3'T5 5'

II § 'I5 &

-.ro p

SP^

"S.S

05;^'

<H *.

=> ' T

rr . o

3 3"

f 5'

' to

o ^

pj 00-

G P

-J Oi

§ 0

to CO

0 0

«- : o

3 a

*i °

». :

p e

.CO 00

-J -a

CO O

Oi O

h- ^

g g

b, b,

0 0

"^ -^a^

co rg sr

: -^g.o-

: SP

 5"

1 r o

. 10" to

o d

5 £

£ 2

b. b,

0 0

O gp* ' - pj

§S K?

,-^S o

r1 " y

. ^ oo r~

G g

,_, 

coS 

Op 

= 

£ 

»
56 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

NEBRASKA.

No.

13?

133

134

135

County.

Buffalo ........

Webster .......

Location.

Scribner

T. R. S. Owner.

VillageofSlielton.

Northwestern 

Kwy. Co.

City ..............

Contractor.

NEW HAMPSHIRE.

136

137 

138

!39

140

Merrimack .... 

.....do.........

.'.... do. ........

Sullivan.......

New London .......... Chas. G. Davis.... Artesian well 

andSupplyCo.

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

NEW JERSEY.

«141

142

144

145

146 

147

148

14ft

150

151

15?

153

154

155

.....do.........

Middlesex

.....do......... 

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.................

Keftsbev

.....do.................

.....do.................

Perth Arnboy,3m.S. of.

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

......

......

ment, Atlantic 

City.

:... .do. ...........

Co.

Mrs. Jas. A. Noye .

and Paving Co.

W T riftniplo

Works.

ground Cable Co.

R. N. and H. Valentine.

.....do..........

ter. 

P.H.anclJ.Coiilan.

......do.......... 

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

StotthoffBros...

.....do..........

a See detailed record at end of table.
p

§

».

Oi 

O

O 

O

'

8

1 p ppp p p g p

31 CO OtOCO o' C3 to C

^ o £ : i

g

co .' *>. ca i^. en ' co to 

Cn C7i CO Oi G2 to O

s|| ^ | | |

- v '

1 g I 1 III

O 3 OOO O OOO

? __ ^ "?"?"? ^ ^ "? '? '

fS'S-f r r r 5 ftp } iSJ ^ ... 5; o 

go ; ; ; 2. p t_u 

"~"P <j II! ^^ "pp ! I 

~ B ' ' ' f C_g" ! '!

g etSSSS'KEK

n . g

30 to

cji o

*>- CO

00 .

en

M

1 ' 

t^1

to oo

o to

*. . CO

i, bj 

o o

Water a780nd1.000 feet.Sof Temperature

54°. (L.)...... .........

en &

P %

I ' *

1- O

tv> CO 

O1 C5

§

§ |

O 0

^ ^

Pp^ >->!B<t) >C)l-'p 

|3 IfU^g

o P. S-B'to S,^"

I fe

2

J3 

g

^

§

B*

H 

t>

S

^J

o

G

o

. 00

o

1

0

en

1

a,

o

Water sofperatui

n> r-

 ^ ^

 °l

S

o.

o

O

to

00

00

to

CJi

1

0

*.

1

ft

0

^ ^

Sll

"-) f^-

(D

- H cno

CO

p.

o

p

00

o

!M

(JO

1

0

g

ft

o

Water so

et00

?

.

a

» 

o

00

1

en

^

I

ft

0

Water sof peratur

CD r^ ~*

^ H °|

CO

US p 

^

o

p

p

en

OJ

1

^1

p 

n>

No waterdoned.

^"^ hs.

t^^

C/3P

S
58 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

 NEW JERSEY Continued.

No.

156

"157

158

159

IfiO

161

16?

County.

Middlesex .....

Moninouth ....

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Location.

Woodbridge ..........

Atlantic Highlands ...

Westlielcl .............

.....do.................

T. R. ,s. Owner.

T. F. Dunnigan . .

Borough of Atlantic Highlands.

Bertram E. Ball . .

Contractor.

W. R. Osborne ..

thews. 

F. T. CJadek....

.....do..........

.....do.... ......

.....do..........

StotthofT Bros . .

. NEW MEXICO.

163 San Miquel .... Chapelle.............. ...... A.T. andS.F.R.R. C. H. McVay . . .

NEW YORK.

164

165

'166

167

168

ffi9

170

171

17?

173

n174

~\v\

176

177

178

179

180

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

......do.........

Suffolk ........

.....do.........

.....do.........

\Vcstchcstcr

.....do.........

well No. 1.

North Rush...........

.....do.................

Neck).

Tully .................

.....do.................

.....do...............:.

Co.

Cream Co. 

State Industrial

School.

E. C. Henderson..

.....do. ...........

W. R. Peters......

No. 11. 

OvidS. Trail......

f Sol way Process

\ Co.

Win. H. Mofflt....

A. B. Sobother....

John W. Sterling .

.....do............

E. C. Strait .....

E. A. Jenkins. ..

E. K. Hutchinson & Son.

.....do..........

}...:........,....

Hudson Engineering Co

George R. Bliss.

.....do..........

«See detailed record at end of table.

b For additional records of wells on Long Island see Professional Paper No. 44.
LINES.] SUMMAEY OF DKILLING. 59

reported in 1904 Continued.

NEW JERSEY Continued.

Driller.

s

F. T. Cladek....

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

H.S.Barnett....

!*,

'M 

O

3

-»J

c:

M

r,

r,

C.

c,

c.

a 

D. 

0)

Q

Ft.

32

450

121

67

119

96

140

»J 

o

o

a03

P

./n.

4^

r>

47

4*

5

6

Depth

to principal 

water 

or oil

supply.

Ft.

32

412

60

108

90

120

Height 

of 

water.

-17

-18

-29

-70

Yield per

£o

E

Gals.

20

.....

p.

Pi

Gals.

125

14

21

20

18

20

Year 

completed.

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

 1904

Kind of

well.

Water .

..do....

..do....

..do....

..-do....

..do....

..do...-

Remarks.

(L. S.)- ...........

(L.S.)- ...........

(L.S.). ...........

(L.S.)-.. -...-.

(L.) ..............

No.

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

NEW MEXICO.

|J. Scully........

U. Polley........

l\V. Canfield ....

,

IM 960 13-8 930 -310 25 1903 Water .

[Water-bearing

< beds at 120 and

( 380 feet. (L.)

IfiT

NEW YORK.

/E.G. Strait......

^D. Brumbaugh .

F. W. Miller....

C. H. Davis.....

i... .do. .........

J.Elliott........

George R.> Bliss. 

.....do..........

}c.

c.

M

0

M. 

M

M

D.

n

n

" I

o

n

n

D

c.

c.

1802

96

7"i

115

58

126

72 

112

973

1,526 

100

37

400

50

255 

212

8-6}

fi5

10

8

6

I"

8

6 

6

90

fin

40

280

250 

212

-10

- 5

-43

-42

- 3

-27

-40

-29 

- 4

50

600

7

7

25

75

18 

5

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904 

1904

1904

[1899 

{ to

11900 

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904 

1904

Gas ....

Water .

..do....

..do....'

..do.... 

..do....

'..do....

..do.... 

..do....

..do...-

>Brine..

Water .

..do....

..do....

..do....

..do.... 

..do....

Oilat710andl,060 

feet; gas at 600 

and 1,110 feet;

yield, 16,000 cubic feet a day. 

(L. S.)

-

Series of wells .... 

Well No. 1. (L.S.).

Well No. 2; 30 feet

from No. 1. (L.S.)

Abundance of 

water. (S.)

21 wells. Salt 

beds at depths 

< between 935

and 1,520 feet'. 

(L.)

Irony. (L.)......

Water at 276 and

303 feet. (L.S.)

WellNo.l. Water 

at 50, 85, 205, 

230, and 245 

 feet. (L. S.)

Well No. 2. Water at 160 and 

200 feet. (L.)

104

165

166

167

168 

169

170

171

173

174

175

17fi

177

178

179 

180
60 EECOED OF DEEP WELL DRILLING TOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

NORTH CAROLINA.

No.

181

County. Location. < T. R. s: Owner.

City of Kinston...

Contractor.

OHIO.

1 QO

Ift'-l

184 

185

180

1Q7

188 

189

191

192 

193 

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

0901

202

OAQ

204 

205

?0fi

207

?08

209

210

.....do........!

.....do......... 

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do......... 

.....do.........

.....do.........

......do.........

.....do......... 

Geauga........ 

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

TTunnnflr

.....do.........

Mahoning..... 

.....do.......'..

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Pafna Mill

.....do................. 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do................. 

.....do.................

.....do.................

of. 

South Euclid.......... 

Auburn ............... 

Chardon ..............

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do..............:..

Ford ..................

.....do.................

Portage Twp. Smith

farm. Well No. 8. 

Utica, 7m. VV. of......

Youngstown, 2 in. VV. 

of.

.....do.................

of.

of.

31

E. A. Foot ........

F. T. Showls ......

H.Faust..........

Squab Co. 

R.E. Smith ....... 

Corwin Hall...... 

F. Curtis..........

H. Hadlon ........

Kiser & Winchel .

F. Stafford........

VV. B. Cleveland..

.....do............

Bradford Oil Co..

ural Gas and 

Fuel Co.

W. H. Lewis...... 

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

pital.

Dibble & Ernest.

.....do..........

.....do.......... 

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do.......... 

.....do..........

.....do.. ...... .. 

.....do..........

.....do.......... 

.....do......... 

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do.........:

......do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

aSee detailed record at end of table.
i ? ; .3

 J" " 3 3 O L

'. 3 ! 're 

ft . I

o o o o o o

en t^. i 1 co en o o .

t » 

J

 o o o to en oo

o o o 

S

' O N5 

 O o n± en oo

1 : fill 1.

O O O - O O O P

 5T

P : j "? : g"' a 

: -' : : 2.S £.

H-1 O O O O O O

_

O

to

05 

1"-

2'

B

ton : seconc 34feetin. (

. Yield. 2.50

is!

§

0 0

j? re

* 0

H

g - g

A. I-"

 i cn

f- CD

'

1

g r

o ^

3 O o "" ^ en

? Illll

s g

-3

1

« *>|-0

i

»

 §

M

ft

0

I 2~60feet.

S

o !

CD . ....

-5 noooooo oooo

s5 h-> M u

?1 CO Ol *O OO COh£*rO CltOCntOQ

j,^ ei. * *. *w o. o. o. o, <* <* o

v ' ^T ; : ; i 

... . .. Ql ......

1 tO

to .en o>; to tc K- totococ

1 1111111 ||o

2 OOOOOOO OOOO

?S. ^ 2^" in 

2*3 ^ c 0 x 

«2 ' ^ O 

ftorg ffi 

v v 

O COCOCO CD COOO CDtOCOOO
62 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

 Summary of ivell drilling 

OHIO Continued.

No.

?11

212

91^

2J4

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

a224

County.

.....do......... 

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.......'..

.....do.........

'.....do.........

:.....do........

.....do.........

Wood ..........

Location.

...i.do........ ..........

.....do.................

.....do.................

mit Lake. 

.....do....'............

well.)

{

Portage. MTS. L. 

Dienst farm, well 

No. 2.

T.

' 2

}'

R.

6

\

11 E.

. S.

29

6

Owner.

pital. 

A. Makley ........

burg.

.....do............

Water Works Co . .

.....do............

Pittsburg Valve

and Fittings Co.

Cyclone Drilling

Machine Co.

G.F.Munn&gon.

Contractor.

W. G. Teeter....

W. H. Copley...

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

Dibble&Ernest.

R.LambieDrilling Co.

Frank Clough ..

OKEGOJST.

995

Wfi'

?.?7

8N. 10W. 5-6 United States.....

Sisters of Good

Shepherd. 

D. McLachlan ....

PENNSYLVANIA.

228

?V9

?30

231

?,3?

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.................

Works.

.....do............

R.H. Black.....

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

a See detailed record at end of table.
LINES.] SUMMAJBY OF DKILLING. 63

reported in 1904 Continued.

OHIO Continued.

Driller.

W. G. Teeter.... 

J. A. Yinglin ...

W. H. Copley... 

.....do.......--- 

.....do..........

0. D. Thomas...

R. Lambie......

Albert Tracy . . .

(Frank Clough; 

t Evidence Kirk

Authority.

C,

C. 

M.

C. 

C. 

C. 

M.

M.

C.

C.

i\r

D.

D. 

0.

.a

a. <p O

Ft.

176 

50

81 

57 

45 

125

150

85

70 

3,710

604

193 

1, 2G2J

Diameter.

In.

5fr 

8

4j 

4* 

4?

8 

51

4i

3

8,1 

6i

Depth 

to prin 

cipal 

water 

or oil 

supply

Ft.

40 

20

79 

57 

44 

23

50 

47

160

> 1, 102

Height 

of 

water.

-20

-20

-12

Yield per 

minute.

t^ 

o

E

Gals.

d,

a

a fr<

Gals.

i

450

188

301 

200

4

60 

65

Year 

completed.

1900

1904 

1904

1904

1904 

1904 

1904

1904 

1904

1904

1904

1904. 

1904'

Kind of 

well.

Water .

..do....

..do.... 

..do....

..do....

.do:...

.do....

.do.... 

.do....

.do....

.do....

.do.... 

.do....

Oil.....

Remarks.

Wells Nos. 2 and 

3. Wells 500 

feet apart, each 

yields 60 to 70 

gallons a minute.

Water soft. Temperature 46°.

(L.)...-..:........

WellNo.l. (L.)..

Well No. 2. (L.).. 

(L.S.)..........-.

Little oil, gas, and 

salt water at 

2,995 feet. Top 

of salt at 3,239 

feet.

Brine 'at 237 and 

588 feet. No oil 

or gas. (L. S.)

(L.S:).... ........

No.

211

212 

213

214 

215 

210 

217

218 

219

220 

221

222

223 

224

.OREGON.

Charles Palmberg.

S.Clifford.......

M.

n

D

80

140

195

6 80

130

-7 40 1904

1904

1904

Water .

..do....

..do....

Wnter-beari ng

beds all the

way. Water

slightly' irony.

Temperature 52°.

22f

nf

99"

PENNSYLVANIA.

James Hoffman.

C

C. 

C

C

C

67

102 

90

131

87

16

5&

«T

92 

66

120

-38

-55

-38

750

22

1904

1904

1904

Water .

..do.... 

..do....

..do....

..do....

Test hole. (L.) ..

Water- bearing 

bed at 51 feet. 

Water soft. (L.)

(L.) ..............

beds at 69, 87, 

and 95 feet.

(L.)

rm

229 

930

931

009

b Barrels a day.
64 EECOED OF DEEP WELL DEILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

 Summary of well drilling

 Continued.

No.

233

234

235

23C

237

oqc

239

240

242

«214

245

246

247

248

249

?50

County.

.....do.........

.....do.........

....".do.........

.....do.........

Chester

Greene .......

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

Location.

....do.................

....do.................

\Vilkiiisburfir

Renfrew. Wallace

farm, well No. 32. 

/Higbee, F. B. Morris

/Higbee, L. C. Grim

[Morris Twp., John

[ No. 1.

/Spring Hill Twp.

las Brooks farm, 

well No. 1.

Thomas farm, wel 

No. 1.

T.

 

}....

B. S. Owner.

Works.

Co. 

John Humphrey

&Co.

etery Co.

/South Penn Oil

Co. 

.....do...........

Venture Oil Co . .

Hughes Well....

MichelEret .....

&Co.

Contractor.

R.H. Black.....

....do..........

R T-T 'RlonbLiberty Well Co.

Gibson & BoJ.S. Bean.......

R. B. Mead &

Co. 

.....do..........

F.S. Black......

Harper. 

ger. 

.....do..........

a See detailed record at end of table.
td 

c

<T" w

I 1 Cn in

 1 n 

^ d

I. .|

P P - ?

-J 00 Cn

Oi CO OC 

Cn )_i hoo oo 

en en Oo

tO CD CO 

00 Cn O

J

- si

oo oo to

to Co O

:s s |

I * <-t

:? 2 ^

 tt Q/^3- S^?0 * S- S- " O<^

5""O O *-* (t> -"C EO m - P jo go en

is

53 S «.

.

s

CO 

JQ

OO OS

Oi T

si- en

1

[gi

to

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1 p

e

CO .

g.*^_ , 

,-o ~<

V ' <^ 

3

5 '

(4-CT5 GO 

GfQ Q

> <r* £ 

v -* *^ ' 

ND

o^

 * . , 

V S: 

'o

v ' * 

!_ __

r? £

1

a.

0

'"S"

s -^- 

ss

in

S 5-1 r. ?o 

-s'< g"<3 O£.'

!j» ^t-l^^ 2- <b o. h^

. r^- ^- . C W JT .

(' (I 1 If

c' ~S~ ^~ ~5~

to « _co _M

-O O - CO tO

SCO 1 OCO 1 COO f 

I I V Si 1 1 en l | en

to ' 

01 ob

 -J

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Ills'

a 'Q, P Q

^ 0 g

ha HJ ^ K 

?o -o ' 11. 6 co'1 ''S"

5.5. ^.^--2-oS o " 3.^

10 to to to

** CO tO H*

-i : 

» : 

? : 

 

; 

^ p 

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: 

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II

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H

3 p 

jj ^

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to. to 

O O 
66 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling

 Continued.

No.

OKI

oen

o^o

"254

ot;f;

256

a257

?ft8'

259

260

262

263

265

a266

County.

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

Location.

Holden farm, well 

No. 1.

delphia tract, well 

No. 1.

land, well No. 5.

farm,. well No. 11.

farm, well No. 19. 

Eldred Twp., M. Cartright farm, well 

No. 1.

Eldred Twp., M. Cartright farm, well 

No. 2.

right farm, well 

No. 3.

(Eldred Twp., James

I No. 1.

Eldred T\vp., Ellis

farm, well No. 6. 

Eldred Twp., Jillis

farm, well No. 11.

. Lot, well No. 4. 

{Eldred Twp., Lamarie

No. 147, well No. 1. 

Eldred Twp., Philadelphia tract, well 

No. 1.

Eldred Twp., Philadelphia tract, well 

No, 2.

T.

h

}.....

K.

'

<

S. Owner.

.....do............

.....do. ...........

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

StantonOilCo....

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

PfirdGG cstdtc

Tait& Paterson...

.....do............

Contractor.

/

Josiah G. Winger. 

.....do..........

.....do..........

... .do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

Josiah. G. Winger. 

.....do..........

.....do...........

.....do..........

a See. rlctail^d record, at Qncl of table,
al

QO CO CTJGC CJOODOO 

ill

cnCncn 

QO' CO

CO GO

^

~

§ rg

racn
68 RECCED OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL: 264.

Nummary of well drilling

PENNSYLVANIA Continued.

No.

267

269

?70

'm

 <?-"

?73

?,74

775

?7f>

277- 

«278

n?79

280

981

County.

Warren....... 

.... .do ........

.....do........

....Ido........

i 

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

.....do. .......

.....do........ 

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

.....do........

Location.

Eldred Twp., Philadelphia tract, well 

No. 3.

delphia tract, well 

No. 4.

Eldred Twp., Philadelphia tract, well 

No. 5.

delphia tract, well 

No. 6.

Eldred Twp., Philadelphia tract, well 

No. 7.

Eldred Twp., Philadelphia tract, well

No. 8.

Eldred Twp., -\V. D.

Pierce farm, well 

No. 1.

lot, well No. G. 

Eldred Twp., Reno

lot, well No. 10.

lot, well No. 11.

Eldred Twp., Sayers 

farm, well No. 18.

farm, well No. 19. 

Eldred Twp., Smith

farm, well No. 4.

Thomas farm, well 

No. 1.

Eldred Twp.. Wade

farm, well No. 1.

T. 11. S. Owner.

Tnit & Paterjon .. 

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

Devonian Oil Co .

.....do............

.....do ............

Rock Oil Co ...... 

.....do............

Stan ton Oil Co....

T. Grant. 

Stan ton Oil Co....

Contractor.

Josiah G. Winger.

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

J . P. Eaton ..... 

.....do..........

Josiah G. Winger. 

.....do.........

.....do..........

a See-detailed record at end of table.
o *? ' """a """"a ^ r- ' """^

I % P IfS p P Is PI '

v; <n . ? § £ OQ f-1 ^

: S pp S s 3 . p b5

P P P b~~ ""b"' p p p

<i.ci 05 CT* en o en i^ 

en to co to a*. -J enoo

I 2 1 .'1 1 1 I

.

»

g

a

o

O to t-* CO

: ! !

cr c~ co o o o o

r-* rf^- ,** ^. f&

? o 1 o1 o o

en

tO

i

er

10 00

a a

0 0

3 5 

"5 O 

JO CO

Se

hi 

to 

O 

1

3

 o 

tO 

a 

o 

fcrj CO ^ (> <; CO CO g O K

ro to to to to to to to to to 
70 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

PENNSYLVANIA Continued.

No.

282 

283

a284

o285 

280

County.

.....do.........

.....do.........

Washington . . . 

York ..........

Location.

Eldred Twp., Henry 

Wheeler farm, well 

No. 1.

SpriiiGf Creek Twp

Frank Hellyor 

farm, well No. 1.

{

Southwest Twp., 

Stnrges farm, well 

No. 25.

(Thomas. Speer heirs' 

\ farm, well No. 7.

T.

h

\.....

11. s. Owner.

Stanton Oil Co....

/Cogswell, Thurs- 

\ ton & Co.

/Liberty Oil and 

\ Gas Co.

William Sprenkel

Contractor.

Josiah G. Winger.

.....do..........

}B. P. McCool . . .

JLyle & McCloy . 

S. T. Crist ......

RHODE ISLAND.

?87

288

289 

290

Providence.... 

.....do.........

Warwick

Woonsocket. .......... 

.....do.................

......

Alsace Worsted 

Co.

Rev. George T.

Mahoney.

Artesian Well 

Supply Co.

C. L. Grant .....

SOUTH DAKOTA.

m

m Hyde..........

Boncsteel

of.

114 71 29

C. & N. W. Rwy.

Co.

Co.

Zeigler. 

Norbeck &

Nicholson.

TENNESSEE.

293 Hamilton .....

icine Co.

«See detailed record at end of tableu
p10s1 I

_^*> 

?B

raI"*

in^lB»l»

 .5 g

?i» ve f

ND

CO

H

J2

CK

03£

: g

* N co

 ^ e+ 

I (X? «it *-*

: ? *

g O

CO CO

3 8

C71

g

CO^

1 * -i

"2<^ S??« l*» !*"

I|£ l|l

CO- g ^rj

 °|o ^|

, JT^- ^ O i

to i--

tO H*

O

d 3M

r"w

O H

«-t trj ;

^r t> 2 t

i> ^^ ; » LS : s £2 :

0 SB 5J

< 5,3 M J^ 

i

P ~~g g g

. M tO 01 

O >*« C^ O

to o o to o

O2 1 O CO 

CO

to '

^ .&. C71 

^00;

: : i i

: : § 5

1 . . . I

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^- rfi- rf^. O .

a a a <

o o o ?=

 fb

; ' ;

CD CD g" Q 

O -L^ "S ^

: : o 3

; ; ; c

i i ! *

; ; ; a

-

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1 

o 

b w

OJ i

> ^a

5» '"'g ~^5 

§ " !' ^^ 

£J. ^° CD J

' O O 

': < ® 

p ^^ p 

to ^i co 

O O' <C 

cc ^- h-1 

1 O CO O' C

Ci Oi 1 1 a^*

1 , ^y 

to ^1 

o to o 

i. i i. 

',',', 

; ; ; 

! , ! 1 

c- 

O . Cn en 

M 1 » | 

f

co o 

O O 

== a a 

g. o o 

O ' ' 

r '. '. 

r'^rlil »

! loll* r

' >^M E° ir- 0 "^

I WsoisS j»p 

. >^"-^" a ^s 

to to to 

CO CO GO 

O5 C7< ffr- 
72 KECOKD OF DEEP WELL

TEXAS.

FOE 1904. [BULL. 264. 

Summary of well drilling

No.

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

uROl

aW

303 

304

305

306 

307

308

304

310

311

County.

.....do.........

El Paso........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do......... 

.....do.........

Montgomery .. 

Nacogdoehes . .

Nueces ........

.....do.........

Tyler ..........

Wilson ........

. Location.

El Paso, 40 in. N. of ...

El Paso, 25m. N. of...

Co., well No. 7.

(Humble, L. W. Long

\ farm, well No. 1. 

Humble, Sm.E.of ....

of. (Bingham farm.) 

Wilburton ............

S.E. Of. 

Coldris, 3 m. S. of.....

.....do.................

Kountze, 15 m. NW.

of. '(Reliance No. 2.)

Lee fanh, well No. 1.

T.

}.....

......

R.

......

S. Owner.

L. B. Shephard...

Water/and Power Co.

Albert M.Coe....

J. F. Mahill and

Wiley N. Coe.

(P. M. Cranberry

I and others. 

Dan E. Kennedy .

Sun Co ...........

I. &G. N. Rwy ...

.....do............

Sun Co ...........

eral Co.

0 

Contractor.

Co.

.....do..........

Sun Co .........

eral Co.

"See detailed record at end of table.
a a a o a 

S ^

§ : 

a ir. a

l 

ate 260 240 D

?

t* ' ' fft- ^* O i^ 5s

CO CO. CO . > l O O 

O «O OQ

t

C
74 RECCED OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. IBULT.. 264.

Summary of well drilling 

UTAH.

No.

312

313

314

315

County.

Beaver

Boxelder

Location.

Beaver

T.

y

R.

3

S. Owner.

[San Pedro, Los An -

[ Lake R. R. Co.

Contractor.

Guffy ifcGaley'..

VIRGINIA.

31G

WASHING TON.

317 King Ballard ...............I... ...I...... ..... City of Ballard

WEST VIRGINIA.

ci31S

319 

ci320 

321

322 

a323 

324

325

Kanawha .....

Ritchie........

VVetzel.........

.....do.........

....do..........

.....do.........

[Forks of Little Sandy. 

< 0. Sininions farm, 

[ well No. 1.

Harrisville,F. D. Hawkins, No. 1.

[Folsom. John Robil son farm, well No. 

I 17.

[Hundred. J. Murphy 

\ farm, well No. 1.

[Keough. J. V. Hig- 

 j gins farm, well No. 

I 1799.

} 

} 

) }.....

}.....

LehighOilCo....

News Publishing 

Co.

Octo Oil Co....... 

Lincoln District ..

/South Penn Oil 

\ Co.

Syndicate Oil Co..

/Hope Natural Gas 

\ Co.

Philadelphia Co..

Weiler Bros ....

Jas.Kinney, jr.. 

B..W. Publes.... 

Watkins& Co ..

|\V.S. Burton....

/Reese, Heasley 

\ & Meals.

[ John P. Fishel . . 

.....do..........

«See detailed record at end of table.

«See detailed record in paper on "Oil and Asphalt Prospects in Salt Lake Basin," by J. M. Boutvvell: 

Contributions to Economic Geology, 1904.
»*l- O CO 

III

1 1 O

^ o

P" 

s

" " -
76 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Summary of well drilling

WEST VIITC T!NTA Continued.

No.

396

397

398

399

330

County.

Wetzel.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

:....do.........

.....do.........

Location.

.....do.................

do

.....do..................

.....do.................

T. R. S. Owner.

J.G.Eddy ........

Magnolia district.

Z.S.Wiitkins .....

Wat kins & Co ....

Contractor.

Watkins &Co...

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

WISCONSIN.

331

33?

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

349

343

344

345

340

347

348

350

351

35?

353 

354

355

356

357

Brown.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do......:..

.....do.........

.....do.......l.

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.........

.....do.:.......

.....do.........

.....do.........

Vernon ........

Walworth ..... 

Waukesha .....

.....do.........

.....do.....:...

Askeaton ............. 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Medina ...............

.....do.................

Shiocton ..............

Valley ................

White-water. (City 

waterworks. )

.....do.................

AVinnGConnc

21 

21

7N.

7

21

22

22

22

?1

43

3

14

7

20

 20

19

'20 

20

1 W.

1

15

17

16

16

1ft ti

If,

22

22 E.

2 W.

20

16E.

16 E.

15

30

28

33

14

17

30

19

36

13

14

36

9

28

26

35

 21

21

2

Cheese factory....

Mary. 

M.Obrin..........

berry Co.

\V Fischcr

M.Bottrell .......

C. E. Gray ........ 

C. K. Reichert....

J.J.Faust....... 

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

W. F. Sealy .....

.....do..........

vort. 

I. W. Hills ......

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

.....do..........

W.M. JBolles....

.....do..........

W. L. Thorne & 

Co.

I.W. Hills......

.....do..........

.....do......:...

WYOMING.

W8 Sweetwater . . .

of.

18 104 W. 20

Drilling Co.
<

 * 

-i

n

|_ 5'

c>

tO 

£*

O

o

J»

1

O

. Water-bearing bed

at 30nd 9feet.Small showing ofil at625feet.

Cn

00

WYOMING.

^^^K ^ w a^-ow^ Q =- s is >t 

S«! £§ KJ ^ g>- ;-. .L,^sL3Lo? g- ^g;., ; ^ ^ 

K g.£= g. ^ ? r gg-s- ^a-pK-g § § S-B s?§- s< §-x § § !£

IB f I imW mi H ff

p o o u ogtr-Wb o oooo o o o ooooo o

H- ' t « IO tO CO I l I 1 I 1 H-1 tO 1 ' CO 1C ' 

O ( ' CO CO O1 CO CO O O CJ1 CCrOOvC-. b-1 CO **J OCiOtOtO O 

CO rfx CO O tdOCOrf^O O -vj CO C/i h- ' -^1 C7» O OtOOCOCn -*-! 

^ ^ ^ Oi c:O*^>fc-** *-

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1

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£>. *£- rfi. >^. ^.^h^hf^h^

^j QJ D- Cij & Cij CLi PJ QJ

c- o o o ooooo

? K £ M|^^| r r ? «

^ SB o| r|| {» w 5»r 

Sj; i-. ^ rc cc i--'-^^

; 1^ Is"*-: : : : 

; cc ' B !< ;:::

: B s "~ : : : :

' p O O <t> ' " ' * 

I »_ r* <^ O I \ I I

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>^4u.ht- rfi. ^£- CJ C^-*-1C7'O'O» C7

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: : '

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& £L & CL

O O O O

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: : : : . : : 

! | CJi Oi M 

H. v£. >t-tii.^-I>C.^ ^^

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CO OO CC CO COCOCOCOCO CC C- -V: ^O Ctf CO CO CO CC CC CO CO CC CC

CJ' C7' Oi CTi CT'O'C/'CJi*- k^ »^ >£* A. *k >£» 4^- £-. ^ CCCCCCCO CO

-»J O5 C7i rf^ WtCH^OO CO -vj Cfl C7* t£- CO bO i l OOCO-^IO^) Cn
78 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

DETAILED RECORDS.

The detailed reports which follow were selected because they give 

definite stratigraphic information or information of importance in 

drilling adjoining wells. While only such records were chosen as 

appeared to have been kept with care, the Survey does not guarantee 

their accurac}^. Descriptions are given substantially as presented in 

the original records, although the compiler has taken the liberty -to 

make some changes in nomenclature, such as substituting shale for 

"soapstone," and to make other modifications in favor of uniformity 

and conciseness. When the samples suggest an interpretation radically different from the one in the driller's log, both are given, with 

the former in parentheses. Other interpolations made oh the authority 

of the compiler are also bracketed.

13. Well near Seaside, Monterey County, Cal.

[Authority, B. N. Baker, owner.]

Feet.

Surface soil ...............................i.................-......'...... 0-10

Water sand ........................................................... 10-40

Quicksand.............................................................. 40-60

Gray sand ............................................. 1............... 60-120

Adobe clay ............................................................. 120-136

Blue clay .............................................................. 136-148

Sandy shale............................................................ 148-155

Hard shale............................................................. 155-156

Blue shale............................................................. 156-173

"Chalk rock" ......................................................... 173-183

Blue shale ............................................................. 183-240

Hard shale... '. ......................................................... 240-241

Blue shale ............................................................. 241-253

Yellow clay and sand................................................... 253-263

Cobblestone, gravel, and water.............................'............. 263-270

Water sand ............................................................ 270-303-

Blue shale ............................................................. 303-315

"Chalk rock" ......................................................... 315-338

Sandy shale...................... ...................................... 338-425

Blue clay ........ .................................................... 425-441

Sand and shale............... I......................................... 441-468

Blue clay .............................................................. 468-490

Sand and shale..................................................'....... 490-513

Yellow clay............................................................ 513-518

White sand, carrying some water........................................ 518-540

Yellow clay............................................................ 540-560

Blue shale..........................................................:.. 560-581

Sand and gravel........................................................ 581-610

Hard shale; shell ...................................................... 610-617

Last entry is probably incorrect. Water was struck at 610 feet, after piercing shell 

and going with drill into water sand; flow, 30 gallons a minute.
LINES.] DETAILED RECORDS. 79

14. Well on Pueblo Lot 146, Point Loma, San Diego County, Cal.

[Begun August IS, 1900; completed March 18, 1901. Authority, Kathcrine Tingley, owner.]

[Elevation of mouth of well, 255.88 feet above high tide.]

Feet.

Surface clay............................................................. 0- 3

''Hardpan".......................................................-... 3- 8

Sandy clay............................................................ 8-30

Water-bearing sand .................................................... 30- 40

Sandy shale and dry sand............................................... 40- 60

Sandy shale............................................................ 60-100

Sand ................................................................. 100-106

Dark-blue shale........................................................ 106-190

Water-bearing sand .................................................... 190-192

Dark-bine shale....................... -. ................................ 192-200

Water-bearing sand ............................... 1.................... 200-202

Dark-blue shale.................................. .i .................... 202-260

Whitish clay........................................................... 260-261

Coal......."................:........:............................-.... 261-262

" Ore ".....;....-.....-.-..........:.-...-----.-..--....----..----.... 262-265

Water-bearing sand, good water......................................... 265-271

Dark-blue shale..........................................:.............. 271-298

Water-bearing sand .................................................... 298-3.00

Dark-blue shale ......................................'.................. 300-320

White quartz, i ,, , , ." r ............................. 320-321

Blue granite.. } gold colors from panning ^ ___....................... 321-323

Light-blue shale........................................................ 323-350

Alternate shale and sand.'............................................... 350-360

Light-blue shale........................................................ 360-370

Water-bearing-sand...................................................... 370-372

Light-blue shale........................................................ 372-388

Water-bearing gravel and sand....'...................................... 388-390

Shale, gravel, and clay.................................................. 390-400

Point Loma is an isolated cretaceous summit, according to the State Mining 

Bureau, and the above log shows the geologic column of its undisturbed strata. 

Diameter of well, 6 inches, 0 to 40 feet; 5 inches, 40 to 400 feet. Water level, 253 

feet below surface, or 2.88 feet above high tide. Estimated yield, 35,000 gallons daily 

if all water-bearing strata are used.

##. Well at Lajunta, Otero County, Colo.

[Samples furnished by La Junta Oil and Gas Company.]

Feet. 

Clay ............................................................ ^.. 800-1,080

Sandstone and limestone ........................................... 1, 230-1, 290

Light-red sandstone and limestone .................................. 1, 300-1, 500

Dark-red sandstone limy .......................................... 1, 500-1, 535

White sandstone ................................................... 1, 535-1, 600

Red sandstone ..............'..'......... .1........................... 1, 600-1, 612

Bed sandstone and gray limestone................................... 1, 612-1, 660

Ked sandstone and limestone........................................ 1, 660-1, 703
80 .RECORD OF DEEP WELL PRILLING- FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

4%. Well at Jlelvidere, Boom County, 111.

[Begun April 9,1903; completed May 23,1903. Authority, H. W. Hambrecht, driller.]

	Feet. 

Quicksand..-......-.....-.-......-..---.-.---....---.---.----- 0-40

Pine gravel .................................................... 40 - 90

Coarse gravel ................................................... 90 - 122.5

Gray limestone ............................'.................... 122.5- 355

St. Peter's sandgtone, coarse and honeycombed, water-bearing .... 355 - 574

Red marl and limestone ........................................ 574 - 608

Brown limestone ....-...-.-..----..-...---....-...-........---- 608 - 643

Brown shale ........;.......................................... 643 - 718

Sandstone water of good quality................................ 718 - 834

Red marl ...................................................... 834 - 854

Blueshale.............-..'....-.--.........--........-......... 854 - 984

White sandstone, honeycombed rock, water-bearing.............. 984 -1,070

Blue shale ........'........... .................................. 1, 070 -1,168

Postdam sandstone, soft water .................................. 1,168 -1, 231

Well ended in blue shale. Total depth, .1,231 feet. Ten-inch drive-pipe, 0 to 125 

feet; diameter of hole 8 inches from 125 to 608 feet; 6$ inches from 608 to 1,231 feet.

4<3. Well at Naperville, Dupaye County, 111. 

[Begun August 31, 1903; completed January 19, 1904. Authority, H. W. Hambrecht, driller.]

	Feet. 

Black soil.. ........................................................ 0- 4

Sand and gravel.................................................... A- ] 0

Blue shale...............................'.......'................... 10- 18

Loose rolling rock.................................................. 18- 21

White limestone .................................................. 21- 237

Blue shale ........'................................................. 237- 320

White limestone .............................:... ...'.............. 320- 646

St. Peter's sandstone; water, hard and soft in streaks.................. 646- 792

Blue shale ......................................................... 792- 836

Brown limestone ................................................... 836- 950

Blue shale ......................................................... 950-1,152

Gray limestone water-bearing rock full of crevices................... 1,152-1,425

Ten-inch drive pipe from 0 to 117.5 feet; diameter of hole, 8 inches from 117.5 to 

836 feet; 6£ inches from 836' to 1,425 feet.

47. Well in SE. i of NW. } sec. 32, T. 15 N. (1J miles west of Kewanee), Henry

County, til.

[Begun September 9, 1904, completed November 21, 190-1. Record and samples furnished by 

L. Nichols, driller. Geologic divisions made by E. 0.' Ulrich.J

Feet. 

Yellow clay..................................................... 0 - 10

Yellow clay, sandy..................................... 1....... 10 - 20

Lower Pennsylvania coal measures:

Blue sandy clay................................................ 20 - 36

Soft drab shale................................................. 36 - 85

Coal........................................................... 85 - 86.5

Soft drab shale................................................. 86. 5- 92. 5

Hard gray sandstone............................................ 92. 5- 93.5

Soft drab shale................................................. 93.5-172

Coal and shale ................................................. 172 -184

Coal.......,..,........,...,..,,,.,,............,.,..,......... 184 -187
DETAILED RECOEDS. 81

Lower Pennsylvania coal measures Continued. Feet.

Softdark shale.........'.................................... 187 - 202

Hard dark sandstone ....:.................................. 202 - 202.5

Soft gray shale mixed with lime............. ............... 202.5- 238

Soft black shale; with pyrite 282-301 ......................... 238 - 308

Gray sandy shale........................................... 308 - 322

Gray sandy limestone....................................... 322 - 352

Devonian and Silurian limestone:

Hard gray limestone............i........................... 352 - 650

Light-blue limestone....---.--... -........................ 650 - 670

White limestone ............................................ 670 - 730

Gray limestone,.'..........-.....:........................... 730 - 760

Maquoketa:

Light-green shale .......................................... 760 - 833

Hard gray limestone ....................................... 833 - 850

Hard light-green shale...................................... 850 - 915

Hard brown shale.......................................... 915 - 940

Hard drab shale .............'.............:............:... 940 - 949

Galena limestone:

Dark-brown limestone.....-.............---------------.--- 949 - 970

Gray limestone ............................................... 970 -1,030

Brown and white limestone................................. 1,030 -1,050

Brown limestone................. ......................._. 1,050- -1,073

Rig used, pole tools. Diameter of well, 12 inches 0 to 174 feet; 10£ inches 174 to 

352 feet; 8|. inches 352 to 954 feet; 6 inches from 954 to 1,073 feet. Hole practically 

dry to 475 feet, where water rose to within 300 feet of mouth of well. Water fresh, 

no great amount. Main supply from 954 to 1,073 feet. Well pumps 80 gallons a 

minute.

5%. Well at Streaior, Lasalle County, III.

[Begun September 5, 1902; completed November 15, 1902. Authority, H. W. Hambrecht, driller.]

. * Feet. 

Yellow clay..................................................... 0 - 5

Shale..........................-......-....................:... 5-8

Coal...-..-.--.............-....-----............-.-............ 9 - 13.5

Shale........................... ............................... 13.5- 15

Brick and tile clay ............................................. 15 - 20

Blue shale.......-..------.-.---------.---....-.....-.-,.---...' 20 - 90 ^

Blue and brown shale ....................................... i.. 90 - 95

Coal, good quality....... ......................................... 95 - 99.5

Blue shale ..................................................... 99. 5- 172.5

Brown and blue shale .......................................... 172. 5- 185

Coal, best...................................................... 185 - 187

Brick and tile clay ............................................. 187 - 195

White limestone...............................'................. 195 - 385

St. Peter's sandstone; water in lower part not good................. 385 - 596

Blue shale ...................................................... 596 - 620

Brown limestone; very good water ........ 1.................... 1 620 - 706

Madison sandstone; slightly salty water ......................... 706 - 834

Brown limestone; soft water .................................... 834 -1,056

Sandstone; water.......................'..'...................... 1,056 -1, 096

Limestone ..................................................... 1,096 -1,115

Eight-inch pipe from 0 to 195 feet; 6-inch pipe from 0 to 620 feet; 6-inch hole from 

620 to 1,115 feet.

Bull. 264 05 6 - 
82 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

62. Well No. 1, on G. S. Wh.iteli.air farm, in S.E. \ of S.E. \ sec. 84 (4 miles SE. of 

Albany}, Delaware County, Ind.

[Begun October 11,1904, completed October 31,1904. Authority, William Jameson, driller.]

Feet. 

Soft black soil....................'.................................... 0- 10

Hard dark limestone ................................................. 10- 45

Soft red shale..... , .................................................. 45- 60

Gray limestone of \7 arying hardness ................................... 60- 200

Soft shale (calcareous)..................................... .......... 200- 220

Hard blue limestone.................................................. 220- 260

Soft light shale....................................................... 260- 280

Hard dark limestone and shale................................'........ 280- 300

Hard blue limestone.................................................. 300- 340

Soft light shale....................................................... 340- 500

Soft brown shale ...................................................... 500- 600

Soft light shale....................................................... 600- 700

Soft dark shale....................................................... 700- 800

Soft brown shale ..................................................... 800- 950

Trenton limestone.............-..................................:... 950-1, 260

Some gas at top of Trenton. Well finished at 1,262 feet with little show for oil. 

Shot with 200 quarts of glycerine. Dianieter of well, 8 inches from 65 to 340 feet; 

Q\ inches from 340 to 1,262 feet. Casing inserted at 340 feet. Principal water-bearing 

strata between 30 and 320 feet.

64- Well No. 5, on the Hoppis heirs' farm, in sec. S4, T. 12 E. (one-half mile east of

Redkey], Jay County, Ind.

[Begun October 10,1904, completed November 5,1904. Authority, Bert Gilbert, drille-.]

Feet. 

Soft brown clay ...................................................... 0- 40

Soft blue clay ...............................................'......... Or 100

Hard yellow limestone................................................ 100- 120

Hard gray limestone.................................................. 120- 180

Soft gray shale, "brake" .............................................. 180- 240

Hard gray limestone.................................................. 240- 260

Soft gray shale, "brake" ....................,.,.._................... 260- 300

Hard gray limestone.................................................. 300- 320

Soft gray shale (brownish, 800-840) ..............:.................... 320- 960

Trenton limestone; gas, pay 960-980; oil sand, 1, 360-1, 385 ............. 960-1, 385

Principal water stratum in limestone at depth of 153 feet. Amount of oil obtained, 

5 barrels.

69. Well at Cherokee Stale Hosjnlal, in sec. 38, T. 92, R. 40 (H miles NW. of Cherokee),

Cherokee County, Iowa.

[Completed February 24, 1902. Authority, Cherokee State Hospital.]

Feet.

Loarn.................................................................. 0- 4

Yellow clay............................................................ 4- 60

Blue clay ............................................................... 60-240

Quicksand; water ...................................................... 240-255

Gravel; water.......................................................... 255-260

Quicksand; water..;....................................,.............. 260-270

Blue clay ........................................... .... .. .. , 270-355
LINES.] DETAILED EECOEDS. 83

	Feet. 

Sandstone; water................................................... 355- 375

Shale.............................................................. 375- 385

Pink shale......................................................... 385- 400

Gravel; water. ...................................................... 400- 405

Gray shale......................................................... 405- 410

Red shale......-..-............-..."....-.-........--............... 410- 430

Gray limestone; water between 430 and 435......................... 430- 450

Gray shale......................................................... 450- 470

Gray limestone; water between 470 and 475.......................... 470- 480

Shale.............................................................. 480- 490

Limestone......................................................... 490- 505

Sandstone ......................................................... 505- 510

Shale.............................................................. 510- 525

Sandstone;' water.................................................... 525- 535

Limestone; water rose 30 feet from crevice in rock between 725 and

735feet.......................................................... 535- 965

Shale............................-.--..--------.--------.-----.----. 965-1, 015

Sandstone; at 1,075 feet water rose 970 feet........................... 1, 015-1,095

Shale.............................................................. 1,095-1,100

Gypsum.....................'......................'................ 1,100-1,120

Diameter of well, 12 and 9 inches; 6-inch pump casing 500 feet down. Depth of 

principal source of water, 1,120 feet. Water rises to within 206 feet of rnouth of well. 

Yield, 100,000 gallons in twenty-four hours.

TO. Well at Burlington, Des Moines County, Iowa. 

[Bejun August 22,1904; completed October 12, 1904. Authority, R. J. Johnston, driller.]

Feet. 

Artificial filling. ........................................................ 0- 10

Yellow clay............................................................ 10- 20

Blue clay.............................................................. 20- 60

Sand .................................................................. 60- 66

Blue clay............................................................... 66- 72

Soft limestone........-....:......-.............--------............-... 72- 75

Soft gray shale......................................................... 75- 85

Softblueshale.--.-.....-.---...-.-.....-.-...--.-..-.-.-............... 85-154

Soft black shale...-...........-...-.-..-.---.-....---.---.---......-... 154-160

Gray shale............................................................. 160-190

Soft dark shale......................................................... 190-260

Soft gray shale ........... .............................................. 260-280

Hard blue limestone.................................................... 280-305

Hard gray limestone.................................................... 305-325

Soft gray shale (limestone) ............................................. 325-335

Hard gray limestone..................................................... 335-355

Hard red ''granite'' (limestone containingpyrite)........................ 355-400

Soft blue limestone..................................................... 400-410

Soft red limestone .....................................................^ 410-425

White "magnesia" (clayey limestone) .................................. 425-435

Soft "water rock" (no samples below430)............................... 435-507

Rig used, Keystone drille*. Diameter, 5|- inches from 0 to 507 feet. Length of 

casing, 76 feet. Main Avater supply from 435 to 507 feet. Flows 45 gallons per 

minute, Pressure, 16J pounds,
84 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 2f>4.

71. Well at Darenport, Scott, Count;/,'Iowa. 

[Begun March 10; completed July 8,1904. Authority, H.W. Hambrecht, driller.]

Feet. 

Surface sand.................'.................................---... 0- 24

B1 lie shale .....--...---.----...-.--..--.-.-- --....--.-.----------.. 24- 89

Black shale..........."....._..................................:.... 89- 90

Blueshale.......................... ............................. 90- 110

Loose rock.......................................................... 110- 113

Brown limestone................................................... 113- 270

Blue shale ......................................................... 270- 275

Limestone ......................................................... 275- 418

White shale ....................................................... 418- 644

Brown limestone; flow from crevice, about 80 gallons a minute........ 644- 970

Blueshale......................................................... . 970- 996

Sandstone, St. Peter's; flow increased to 210 gallons' a minute ......... 996-1,050

Brown limestone; flow increased to 310 gallons a minute.............. 1, 050-1,300

Ten-inch casing from 0 to 110 feet, 8-inch casing from 0 to 120 feet, 8-inch hole 

from 120 to 1,300 feet.

78. Well at Horace (4 miles east of the Kansas-Colorado State line}, Greeley County, Kam. 

[Begun February 19,1901; Completed November 26.1901. Authority, E. Fisher, engineer B. & B.]

Feet. 

Cemented gravel mixed with clay and liine ..1....................... 0- 55

Clay, gravel, and lime mixed ....................................... 55- ]00

Gray shale...... .................................................. 100- 550

White limestone ................................................... 550- 620

Brown shale; water at 825 rose 400 feet.............................. 620-1,050

Sandstone, more or less broken; top of first Dakota................... 1, 050-1, 095

Gray sandstone .................................................... 1,095-1,110

Reddish brown sandstone, broken, very much so, 1,130-1,148 .....;.. 1,110-1,148

Sandstone; bottom of first. Dakota................................... 1,148-1,160

Shale.............................................................. 1,160-1, 250

Reddish brown sandstone, more or less broken; second Dakota water

rose 800 feet from 1,325 feet....................................... 1,250-1, 325

Shale............................................................... 1, 325-1,370

Water obtained from Dakota sandstone. In pumping the well for several months 

the Avater which originally stood at a level of about 830 feet below the ground line 

was lowered gradually to about 1,000 feet below the ground line, and the difficulty 

in pumping the limited amount of water (about 30 gallons a minute) was so great 

that the well was abandoned.

80. Well No. 3 on the Robb farm, SE. } of SE. J of-T. 35, R. 12 (near Neal), Greenwood County, Kerns.

[Begun October 8,1904; completed November 12, 1904. Authority, F. R. Gammon, owner.]

Feet. 

Soil and clay........................................................... 0-20

Gravel................................................................. 20-30

Blue clay.............................................................. 30-60

Limestone ............................................................. 60- 80

Blue shale ............................................................. 80-103

Limestone ............................................................. 103-126

Blue shale ............................................................. 126-141
LINES.] DETAILED RECORDS. 85

	Feet. 

Red shale.............................................................. 141-154

Blue shale ............................................................. 154-171

Limestone ............'......................-.........---......-....... 171-187

Shale.........................._....................-..:--.....---.-..- 187-234

Limestone .............................................................. 234-238

Shale...........-.:....--......-..............................-..-..... 238-285

Sandy shale............................................................ 285-308

Blue shale............................................................. 308-345

Limestone .............................................................. 345-348

Shale................................................................... 348-350

Limestone ............................................................. 350-363

Sandstone; water....................................................... 363-381

Shale..-.-.-......---....----.......................-..-.....--........ 381-386

Blue shale; 8} inch casing .............................................. 386-505

Limestone ............................................................. 505-550

Soft limestone; had to put in water to drill ............................... 550-560

Limestone; 15 feet soft............................................ .... 560-596

Hard limestone ................................-....--.............!..-. 596-645

Limestone ...............................................................645-655

Blue shale .............................................................. 655-675

Limestone ........^................................................... 675-685

Sandy shale............................................................. 685-700

Blue shale ............................................................. 700-792

\7 ery hard limestone ................................................... 792-812

Blue shale............................................................. 812-842

Limestone; water ............. ^.................................. 1..... 842-882

Sandstone ............................................................. 882-902

Limestone; strong odor of oil ...'...-.....-.............................. 902-920

Black shale............................................................. 920-927

Limestone ............................................................. 927-932

Oil sand ............................................................... 932

83. Well No. 1, on the Logcm farm,- W. % SW. k sec. 27, T. 33, R. 15 (9 miles south of 

Independence], Montgomery County, Kans. 

[Begun April 25,1904; completed May 13, 1904. Authority, A. J. Yoke, owner.]

Feet.

.Surface soil............................................................ 0-15

Shale and lime shell..... 1.............................................. 15-120

Limestone............................................................. 120-135

Dark shale............................................................. 135-140

Gri tty shale............................................................ 140-165

Limestone ......r ...................................................... 165-175

Shale (limy)............................................................. 175-220

Li mestone ................_..................................._........ 220-260

Sandstone; water and gas............................................... 260-275

Shale...-.....-........-...............................-........._..... 275-330

Limestone ............................................................. 330-335

Shale (limy)............................................................ 335-465

Limestone .............................................'................ 465-495

Shale ('limy)........................................................... 495-525

Limestone .........................................^..........J......... 525-535

SIiale..............................................'.................... 535-540 *

Limestone .............................................................. 540-555
86 RECORD. OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

	Feet. 

Shale..--..-.-.----.....--------...................-.........-.-.-. 555- 585

Sandstone; water................................................... 585- 640

Gritty shale...--..........--......-.-....-...............!....---.. 640- 680

Limestone ........................................................... 680- 705

Black shale.................. 1..................................... 705- 710

Shale (limy)...................-................................... 710- 725

Gray sand; oil..............................-......'................ 725- 730

Gritty shale........................................................ 730- 740

Gray sand ......................................................... 740- 760

Black shale ..^..................................................... 760- 783

"Big lime"........................................................ 783- 818

Black shale........................................................ 818- 825

Limestone......................................................... 825- 853

Shale, gas and water.............__......:._..........-............. 853- 855

Limestone......................................................... 855- 875

Black shale........................................................ 875- 885

Sandstone; water................................................... 885- 895

Shale (limy)..............,...................-.................... 895- 955

Dark shale......................................................... 955- 965

Gritty shale (limy).................................................. 960- 990

Shale.............................................................. 990-1,005

Shale (limy) .......................................................'1,005-1,080

Dark limestone ................................ 1................... 1,080-1,115

Sand; gas.......................................................... 1,115-1,118

Hard gritty shale................................................... 1,118-1,142

Sandstone; gas................................'...'.................. 1,142-1, ]60

Yield first twenty-four hours, 18,000,000 feet; initial pressure, 480 pounds. Forty-, 

one feet of 8J-inch casing, 950 feet of 6£-inch casing.

84. Well No. 22, on the 8. Smith farm, SE. \ of SE. \ sec. 10, T. 27, R. 18 (2 miles NE. 

of Chanute), Neoslio County, Kans.

[Begun November 9; completed November 27, 1904. Authority, J. F. Alien, field manager for

I. N. Knapp.]

Feet.

Surface soil ............................................................ 0-20

Brown gravel; fresh water............................................... 20- 30

. Hard gray limestone..................................................... 30- 56

Sandstone ............................................................. 56- 61

Hard gray limestone.................................................... 61- 65

Soft gray shale......................................................... 65-70

Hard gray limestone.................................................... 70- 75

Soft gray sandstone..................................................... 75- 80

Soft gray limestone..................................................... 80-115

Soft gray shale (limy)................................................... 115-125

Soft gray limestone; 4 barrels water an hour at 128 feet................... 125-130

Hard gray limestone.................................................... 130-142

Soft gray shale (limy).................................... .../I......... 142-320

Soft light-gray limestone........'........................................ 320-335

Soft gray shale (limy).................................................. 335-370

Gray sandstone; salt water and gas; hole filled up 200 feet................. 370-385

Soft gray shale (limy).................................................. 385-400

Soft gray limestone..................................................... 400-420

Shale.................................................................. 420-428
LINES.] DETAILED KECOKDS. . 8.7.

Feet. 

Hard gray limestone.............................-.....--.....---..-.'-.. 428-458

Soft gray'shale (limy) ................................................. 458-490

Hard gray limestone........... ........................................... 490-513

Hard black shale (limy)-; water, 40 barrels an hour....................... 513-521

Hard gray limestone............,...................-..............._.... 521-528

Soft gray shale (limy) .................................................. 528-715

Soft gray shale (sandy); top of sand, showing of oil...................... 715-720

Soft gray sandstone and shale (limy) .................................... 720-728

Sandstone; oil sand, 22 feet of pay at bottom............................. 728-752

Yield, 4 or 5 barrels a day. Length of casing, 623 feet; diameter, 5 inches.

122. Well 1 mile north of Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Miss. 

[Begun October 29; completed November 20, 1904. Authority, John L. Ford, driller.]

Feet. 

Blue sandy clay.........................................................' 0-10

White sand ............................................................. 10-60

Yellow sand ........................................................... 60- 95

White sand and gravel.................................................. 95-145

Green clay............................................................. 145-160

Gray sand ..;..........................;.....-..--.......-..........-... 160-220

Green clay............................................................. 220-350

Gray sand ....................................................... ....... 350-370

Green clay............................................................. 370-650

Water sand; flows 50 gallons a minute................................... 650-690

Blue clay .:......:..................................................... 690-818

'Water sand; flows 225 gallons a minute.................................. 818-897

Diameter of well, 3 inches.

126. Well 1% miles northwest of Moss Point, Jackson County, Miss.

[Begun October 3, 1904; completed October 12", '1904. Authority, John L. Ford, driller.]

Feet. Hard yellow clay (sandy) ................................................ 0- 20

Yellow sand ......................................... .................. 20- 35

Clay (sandy, variegated) ............................................... 35- 50

Sand (fine white) .... ...._......'.'............................... ....... 50-100

Sand (coarse, white) ..................................................... 100-140

Clay (sandy) .......................................................... 140-210

Sand (fine white) ...................................................... 210-220

Clay ................................................................... 220-370

Sand (fine, white)............................ 1......................... 370-390

Clay ..................................................................... 390-710

Sand (fine gray) ....................................................... 710-790

Clay ..............°................................................... 790

Main water supply, 770 to 790 feet. Yield, 135 gallons per minute.

127. Well at Moberly, Randolph County, Mo.

[Authority, A. P. Phillips, driller and manager.]

Feet.

Clay and quicksand .............................. .................i... 0-115

Blue sandstone...... ................................................... 115-127

Blue and white sandstone............................................... 127-132

Gray sandstone .............................................. ^......... 132-137

Blue flint.......................:...................................... 137-146
88 . EECOED OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

Feet. 

Blue and white flint..... . . .......................................... 146-154

Yellow flint............................................................. 154-160

Yellow sandstone ...........;.. I....................................... 160-170

Hard white sandstone ................................................... 170-178

G ray sandstone ..............I..................................^...... 178-186

Gray sandstone and white flint.......................................... 186-191

Yellow sandstone .......................-......................._...-.... 191-202

Hard white flint..........................'............................. 202-210

Yellow flint ...i....................................................... 210-218

Blue flint.............................................................. 218-226

Yellow flint ........................................................... 226-230

Blue and white flint.................................................... 230-250

AVhite flint ............................................................ 250-260

Blue flint............................._;............................... 260-263

White and brown flint................._............'..........._........ 263-266

Brown flint............... l............................................ 266-269

White sandstone ........................................................ 269-272

Blue sandstone....................... .................................. 272-275

Blue and white sandstone.".............................................. 275-278

White sandstone....................................................... 278-281

Light-gray sandstone................................................... 281-289

Light-brown sandstone ........... J...................................... 289-290

Dark-brown sandstone...................................-....'.'......... 290-320

Gray sandstone ..............................................'.......... 320-345

White sandstone....................................................... 345-355

White and yellow sandstone *..................................-......... 355-380

Gray sandstone ......................................................... 380-430

Dark-gray sandstone ................................................... 430-447

Green shale......................................J..................... 447-450

Dark coarse sandstone.........'......................................... 450-460

Dark-gray sandstone ...... 1"....:....................................... 460-470

Gray sandstone ................................................. '....... 470-480

Green shale and gray sandstone......................................... 480-490

Light and dark sandstone............................................... 490-510

Dark-gray sandstone ...................................... ............ 510-520

Black sandstone ........................................................ 520-560

Brown sandstone....................................................... 560-570

Dark-gray sandstone ................................................' ... 570-580

Gray sandstone ........................................................ 580-590

White limestone ...................................... 1................ 590-600

Dark-gray sandstone ................................................... 600-607

Green shale............................................................ 607-612

Gray sandstone ........................................................ 612-632

White gravel, like glass sand; great quantity of good water ............... 632-685

Gray sandstone ........................................................ 685-693

Green sandstone ....................................................... 693-705

White and gray sandstone ......................:....................... 705-709

Gray sandstone ................................. .... .................. 709-722

Brown sandstone....................................................... 722-772

Light-brown sandstone .......................I......................... 772-802

Gray sandstone ........................................................ 802-832

Brown sandstone....................................................... 832-840

Light-brown sandstone ................................................. 840-850
LINES.] DETAILED RECORDS. 89

Feet. 

Clear white water sand; salt water at 870 feet ..............\...'...... 850- 870

Light-gray sandstone ............................................... 870- 960

Brown sandstone................:................................... 960-1, 020

Dark-brown sandstone.............................................. 1,020-1, 045

Fine brown sandstone .............................................. 1, 045-1,100

Black and brown sandstone ......................................... 1,100-1,115

Light-gray sandstone ............................................... 1,115-1,150

Gray sandstone .................................................... 1,150-1,170

White and gray sandstone; magnesia water at 1,180 feet............... 1,170-1,1.90

Yellow and white sandstone ......................................... 1,190-1, 200

Dark-gray sandstone................................................ 1, 200-1,210

Black and white sandstone.......................................... 1, 210-1, 215

Gray sandstone; very salty water at 1,215 feet........................ 1, 215-1, 220

Blue and white flint.......... 1..................................... 1, 220-1, 225

Crevice and pebbles ................................................ 1, 225-1, 230

Blue and gray sandstone...................;..........................!, 230-1, 240

 Fine white sandstone............................................... 1, 240-1, 260

White flint ........................................................ 1, 260-1, 290

Blue and gray sandstone.................. ^......................... 1,290-1,300

Dark-gray sandstone..................:_...........................-. 1, 300-1, 330

Gray sandstone ......................................... ............ 1,330-1,440

Yellow and white sandstone ......... .'. ............................. 1,440-1,450

Blue sandstone..................................................... 1, 450-1,460

Fine white sandstone................ .............................. 1,460-1/480

Black and white sandstone.......................................... 1, 480-1, 500

Brown sandstone................................ ................... 1, 500-1, 560

Dark-red sandstone................................................. 1,560-1, 600

Light-brown sandstone ...........................................:. 1, 600-1, 660

Gray sandstone .................................................... 1, 660-1, 690

Brown sandstone............................^....... .............. 1, 690-1, 705

Black and white sandstone......................................'.... 1, 705-1, 965

Dark-gray sandstone ............................................... 1, 965-2, 000

Gray sandstone .................................................... 2,000-2,100

Gray shale......................................................... 2,100

Main water supply at 632 feet. Water rose to within 70 feet of mouth of .well.

129. Well on northivest corner of Vandevenler and Forre.st, Park Boulevard, St. Louis, No.

[Begun October 26, completed December 7, 1904. Authority, E. J). Meloy, driller.]

Feet.

Filled ground .......................................................... 0-20

Soft gray clay .......................................................... 20-40

Sand and'gravel............................................... 1........ 40- 60

' Hard gray limestone (shaly); a little water .............................. 60- 80

Soft brown limestone ................................................... 80-100

Jiard brown limestone.................................................. 100-120

Soft gray limestone; water 140-160 and 1.85-210........................... .120-240

Soft.gray shale.......................................................... 240-260

Hard gray limestone. .................................................... 260-265

Soft gray limestone and shale ....'....................................... 265-280

Gray limestone; showing of oil 280-290 and 305-325 ...................... 280-460

Very hard gray limestone and chert.................... ................ 460-470

Hard gray limestone................. '. ...................1.............. 470-485

Soft gray shale .....'....,.............................................,. 485-490
90 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULI, 264.

Feet. 

Hard gray limestone ................................................... 490-510

Soft dark-red shale; showing of oil...................................... 510-530

Hard gray limestone..................................................... 530-565

Hard gray limestone and shale; bad caves ................................ 565-600

Soft black shale; a little oil ............................................. 600-620

Soft brown limestone, Trenton; a little oil................................ 620-650

f< From 490 to 600 feet is probably Kinderhook, from 600 to 620 feet is probably 

Devonian Ohio shale." E. 0. Ulrich.

Well yields a small amount of gas.

141- Well 1\ miles northeast of Pleasantville, Atlantic County, N. J.

[Begun January 27, ]903, completed January 31, 1903. Authority, E. E. Lanpher, assistant civil, 

engineer, Atlantic City water department.]

Elevation of mouth of well, 10 feet A. T. Feet.

Yellow sand and gravel................................................. 0- 18

Gravel mixed with clay~................................................. 18- 23

Soft blue clay.......................................................... 23-.29

Yellow sand and wood ................................................. 29- 35

White sand; water-bearing ..............................................' 35- 55

Yellow sand and gravel; water-bearing .................................. 55-100

Hard light-gray clay and gravel......................................... 100-120

Soft gray sand and clay..........................................:...... 120-138

Red and white sand; water flowed over casing 2 feet above ground........ 138-158

Coarse and fine gray sand............................................... 158-230

Soft gray sand and clay................................................. 230-240

Coarse gray sand....................................................... 240-250

Soft greenish-gray marl and sand, growing harder toward bottom of bed... 250-310

Hard gray clay ........................................................ 310-320

Well discontinued at 320 feet in a rather soft gray sandy clay, and casing withdrawn. Rig used, jet. This was a 4^-inch test well at the Absecon Pumping Station 

of the water department of Atlantic City. The location is the same as that of the

United States Meteorological Station, Pleasantville, N. J. The well was never

pumped. Within one-fourth mile of this test well are eleven 10-inch and one 

4^-inch wells; yielding about 4,000,000 gallons a day and sunk to about 95 elevation, and one 18-inch well yielding about 700,000 gallons a day, sunk tos about 190 

elevation.^ All these wells belong to the water department of Atlantic City and are 

pumped by compressed air.

157. Well one-half mile west of Atlantic Highlands, Monmoutk County, N. J.

[Begun October 1, 1904, completed November 1, 1904. Authority, F. E. Price, puperintendent, Atlantic Highlands Waterworks.]

Feet.

Red sand and clay......................-.................-.:........... 0- 8

Bluish sand and marl................................................... 8- 16

Gray sand ................................................................ 16-30

Yellowish sand and wood......... ....................................... 30- 40

Light-gray sand; wood between 137 and 157 feet......................... 40-157

Marl (dark gray). ....................................................... 157-244

Marl (fine gray micaceous sand)......................................... 244-272

Dark-gray sand ........................................'................ 272-292

Marl (dark gray). ................. .................................... 292-346
LINES.] DETAILED KECORDS. 91

Feet. 

Sand and clay (white and greenish)..................................... 346-365

Sandy clay (fine light-gray micaceous sand).............................. 365-392

Gray sand ............................................................. 392-452

Rig used, jet. Diameter of well, 4£ inches. Length of casing, 412 feet. Strainer 

inserted at 412 feet. Well flows 20 gallons a minute and yields 125 gallons by 

pumping.

174- Well No. 1, Group B, Solway Process Company, Tully, Onondaga County, N. Y. 

[Produced brine October 30, 1890. Authority, Solway Process Company.]

Elevation of floor line, 509 feet A. T. (Syracuse datum.) Feet. 

Drift .................. ....................................... 0- 12

Hamilton:

Soft gray shale .................................................. 12- 192

Blue shale ..................................................... 192- ' 252

Bluish-gray shale............................................... 252- 302

Gray shale..................................................... 302- 352

Soft gray shale ................................................. 352- 422

Very soft gray shale ............................................ 422- 610

Blue shale ..................................................... 610- 680

Onondaga or Corniferous 1 imestone....... .-..--.-.-.-............... 680- 750

Oriskany sandstone................................................. 750- 770

Salina or Lower Helderberg?:

Blue-black magnesian limestone................--......'......-.. 770- 795

Gray gypseous limestone........................................ 795- 885

Blue-black limestone ........................................... 885- 895

Salina:

Gray magnesian limestone ....................................... 895-1,025

Gray gypseous shale............................................. 1,025-1,090

Greenish limestone...................'......-................... 1, 090-1,135

Black gypseous shale........................................... 1,135-1,175

Salt........................................................... 1,175-1,493

Shale at 1,493.

, . 201. Well in South Lima district, Findlay, Hancock County, Ohio.

[Begnn October 10,1904, completed October 23,1904. Authority, J. E. Finnerty.]

Feet. 

Surface soil............................................................ 0-25

Hard gray limestone; good drinking water between 34 and 50 feet, and 

black sulphurous water between 50 and 60 feet.......................... 25-165

Dark-blue shale... ..................................................... 165-170

Dark-blue limestone.................................................... 170-175

Hard gray limestone.................................................... 175-180

Soft gray shale ......................................................... 180-185

Hard light-gray and brown limestone.. .................................. 185-235

Hard dark-gray shale................................................... 235-245

Hard light-brown limestone............................................. 245-260

Soft light-blue shale.................................................... 260-310

Soft red shale.......................................................... 310-355

Soft blue shale ......................................................... 355-540

Hard blue limestone...-.........,............'.......................... 540-560

Hard blue shale........................................................ 560-600

Soft blue shale.......................I.............-...-.-...-..-..---. 600-950
92 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

Feet. 

Soft brown shale................................................... 950-1, 040

Soft black shale harder last 15 feet................................. 1,040-1,115

Trenton limestone................................................... 1,115-1,158

Twenty-five feet8}-inch drive pipe. Diameter of well, 6J- inches from 25 to 1,158 

feet. Length of casing, 310 feet to top of red Medina shale. After, casing was 

seated and found tight, drillers made from 115 to 130 feet a tour, and no water was 

found until well was finished and shot with 100 quarts of glycerine. After the shot 

there was more salt water than could be pumped, so the well was plugged and casing 

pulled. Well was drilled for gas. Small amount obtained.

804- Well No. 2 on Mrs. L. Diemtfarm, 8W. J SW. } -sec. 6, T. 4, R- U K (one-fourth 

mile east of Portage) Wood County, OJiio.

[Begun November 1, completed November 19, .1904. Samples furnished by G. F. Munn, owner.]

Feet. 

Surface soil .............................I.......................... 0- 20 

Gray 1 i mestone..................................................... 20- 200

Blue shale ......................................................... 200- 220

Gray limestone..................................................... 220- 260

Brownish limestone and pyrite.....,..........................'....... 260- 280

Blue shale......................................................... 280- 340

Dark red shale..................................................... 340- 360

Sample missing ..................................................... 360- 380

B1 ue sh ale ......................................................... 380- 780

Black shale ........................................................ 780- 920

Brownish gray limestone ...............................I........... 920- 940

Reddish shale ..................................................... 940- 960

Gray limestone ..................................................... 960-1,040

Black shale; oil sand at 1,102 feet................................... 1,040-1,120

Brownish-gray limestone with pyrite at 1,180 feet.........:.......... 1,120-1, 262

Diameter of well, 8} inches from 0: to 300 feet, 6J- inches from 300 to 1,262 feet. 

Length of casing, 300 feet. Well was shot with 120 quarts of glycerine. Amount of 

oil obtained, 5 barrels a day. Gas pressure, 50 pounds.

243. Well No. 6 on the L. C. Grimm farm, 1% miles northeast of Higbee, Greene

County, Pa.

[Begun June G, completed August 15,1904. Authority, J. J. Reed, driller.]

Feet. 

Pittsburg coal...............'.....-................................... 920- 927

Big Dunkard sand.........'.......................................... 1,422-1,517

Gas sand.. ................ J........................................ 1, 705-1, 760

Salt sand .......................................................... 1, 770-1, 960

Big lime.........I.................................................. 2, 026-2,100

Big Injun sand..................................................... 2,115-2, 345

Thirty-foot sand .................................................... 2, 745-2, 805

Fifty-foot sand..................................................... 2, 855-2,910

Gordon sand ....................................................... 2,969-2, 994

Shale............................-.'..............................., 2,994-3,005

Fourth sand ......................_................................. 3,005-3, 076

Yield of oil: 10 barrels.
LINES.]' ' DETAILED RECORDS. . 93

$44.. Wdl No. 1 on the John Lewis farm, Morris Township, Greene County, Pa.

[Begun October 13, completed December 15,1904. Authority, H. A. Reardon, driller.]

	Feet. 

Soft yellow clay....................................................... 0- 16

Soft black shale.......................................'.I........... 16- 180

Soft white sandstone................................................. 180- 195

Soft black shale..................................................... 195- 300

Hard white limestone .............................................. 300- 400

Soft black shale.................................\.................. 400- 550

Hard- white sandstone .........'.................................. ... 550- 575

Soft black'shale .................................................... 575- 600

Hard white sandstone .............................................. 600- 635

Coal, Waynesburg.................................................. 635- 640

Hard white limestone .............................................. 640- 835

Coal, Mapletown.................................................... 835- 840

Hard white limestone............................................... 840- 935

Coal, Pittsburg cable measurement................................. 935- 945

Hard white limestone ............................................... 945-1,045

Soft red shale...................................................... 1,045-1,100

Hard white limestone .............................................. 1,100-1, 200

Soft black shale.................................................... 1,200-1,335

Hard white sandstone Little Dunkard sand......................... 1, 335-1, 350

Soft black shale............................I....................... 1,350-1,450

Hard white sandstone Big Dunkard sand........................... 1,450-1,510

Soft white shale.................................................... J., 510,1,560

Hard white sandstone .............................................. 1,560-1,585

Soft black shale .......................-.............'................ 1,585-1, .685

Soft porous white sandstone Gas sand ...................'........... 1$ 685-1, 770

Soft black shale ................... 1................................. 1, 770-1, 802

Hard white sandstone Salt sand.......... ............'.............. 1, 802-1,910

Soft black shale.................................................... 1,910-2, 080

Hard white limestone Big lime ......................... 1.......... 2,080-2,135

Hard white sandstone Big Injun................................... 2,135-2, 385

Soft white shale.................................................... 2, 385-2, 705

Hard white sandstone Thirty-foot sand............................. 2, 705-2, 735

Soft black shale.................................................... 2,735-2,850

Hard white sandstone Fifty-foot sand .............................. 2,850-2, 900

Soft white shale..................................................... 2,900-2,930

Hard white sandstone Gordon sand gas at 2, 940.................... 2, 930-2, 965

Well produces gas. Diameter of casing, 13 inches from 0 to 16 feet, 10 inches from 

16 to 200 feet, 8 inches from 200 to 1,590 feet, 6 inches from 1, 595 to 2,145 feet.

254- Well No. 11 on the Adams farm in the Grand Valley oil field, 2 miles east of Grand 

Valley, Eldred Township, Warren County, Pa.

[Begun July 25, completed August 11, 1900. Authority, Josiah G. Winger, contractor.]

Feet. 

Soft yellow subsoil; conductor hole 16 inches in diameter................. 0-22

Soft shale and sandstone with little change in the beds; end of 8-inch hole. 22-308 

Soft black shale........................................................ 308-550

Soft light-gray sandstone; Second sand; no showing of oil, no salt water ... 550-580 

Soft blue shale ... 1..................................................... 580-733
94 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. ' [BU/,L. 264.

Feet.

Hard reddish-brown sand; Third sand. This stratum overlies the oil 

stratum.............................................................. 733-740

Hard light-gray sandstone; oil and gas................................... 740-750

Hard white sandstone; salt water in small quantity....................... 750-775

Soft light-gray sandstone; Second pay or Newton sand.................... 775-785

Hard black shale....................................................... 785-817

This well compares favorably with many others drilled on this good stretch of 

territory. Thickness of the Third Sand varies from 45 to 60 feet. Wells are producing from 15 to 20 barrels a month, that'were drilled thirty-three years ago and 

have been pumped steadily ever since. This lease is known as" the "Dunderdale" 

lease. It includes the Dunderdale farm, Adams, Grandon, and Reno land. A well 

designated in Carl's Geology as the "Atlas" well was drilled within half a mile of 

this property in 1.865 (1867?). No paying wells have been found near the "Atlas," 

which produced 15 barrels a day; 1,800 in all.

Diameter of well, 5| inches from 0 to 308 feet; length of casing, 308 feet.

257. Well No. 2 on the M. Carlwricjht farm, Newton Pool, 2? miles northeast of Grand 

Valley, in Eldred Toivnship, Warren County, Pa.

[Completed September 7.189-1. Authority, Josiah G. Winger, contractor.]

Feet.

Clay subsoil; conductor hole 16 inches in diameter ..................... 0- 12

Shale and sandstone; end of 8-inch hgle and end of casing. This section 

includes first bed of shale, fresh-water sand, second bed of shale, and 

salt-water sand. The last sand in the 8-inch hole is the Second sand 

"gravel bed." The gravel bed is 10 feet thick and contains oil and salt 

water ............................................................. 12-275

Soft black shale; a shell 80 or 90 feet above the Third sand is scarcely 

perceptible in this field, but farther southwest is 20 feet thick and oilbearing ............................................................ 275-404

Hard coarse white sandstone; Third sand. This sandstone is flooded with 

sweet water, which rose 300 feet in the well.......................... 404-430

Hard black shale, separating sweet from salt water strata ............... 430-433

Hard pebbly white sandstone; saltwater in large quantities............. 433-447

Medium hard gray pebbly sandstone " Gas sand "..................... 447-449

Soft light gray, coarse-grained sandstone; pay stratum of the Third Sand. 449-462 

Hard black shale..................................................... 462-477.5

In this well the sand is the best yet found.. The well is the best producer in the 

Newton Pool. It produced in the first twenty-four hours and for several succeeding 

days 65 barrels of oil. The well flowed through the gas pipe and pumped through 

the tubing. When the well was a year old it was producing 13 barrels a day. It is 

now (December, 1904) producing 2 barrels a day.

Diameter, 5| inches from 0 to 275 feet. Length of casing, 275 feet. Initial pressure, 85 pounds.

266. Well No. 2 on the Philadelphia tract, Gilson Pool, 3 miles west of Grand Valley, 

Eldred Township, Warren County, Pa.

[Completed February, 1891 Authority, Josiah G. Winger, contractor.]

Feet.

Subsoil; conductor hole 16 inches in diameter........,.............__... 0- 18

Hard sandy shale (limy) ............. 1............................... 18-100

Soft gray sandstone, water ,...., r ,..,,,...,...,.......,..,,.....,.,... 100-135
LINES.] DETAILED EECOEDS. 95

Feet. 

Soft black shale...................................................... 135-150

Hard gray sandstone; first stratum of First sand........................ 150-160

Soft black shale ...................................................... 160-170

Soft gray sandstone; second stratum of First sand; salt water cased off... 170-185 

Soft blue shale; end of 8-inch hole and end of 5|-inch casing.....'....... 185-200

Soft black shale ...................................................... 200-223

Hard white sandstone, pebbly; 'Second sand. This 11 feet of sand overlies 

the oil stratum. It is separated from the lower stratum by a layer of 

shale 6 inches thick ................................................ 223-334

Soft white sandstone, pebbly. This 21 feet of oil sand is very coarse, full 

of pebbles, and easy to drill. Oil, gas, and salt water in this lower 

stratum of the Second sand :........................................ 334-355

Black shale; "gravel bed" from 661 to 671 feet........................ 355-375.5

This is the best Second sand pool in this oil field. The sand is very porous. One 

well of the pool has a record of over 6,000 barrels of oil in its first year. The best 

wells found in the pool are located on the Theodore Gilson farm, on the Spring Creek

and Titusville public road. The pool was developed by Stewart Brothers and later 

by Tait & Patterson. Yield for the first twenty-four hours, 32 barrels of highgrade oil.

£78. Well No. 19, on the Sayersfarm, three-fourths mile southeast of Grand Valley, Eldred 

Toionsldp, Warren County, Pa.

[Beguir November M; completed November 22, 1904. Authority, Josiah G. Winger.]

Feet. 

Soft brownish yellow clay............................................... 0- 20

Soft brownish yellow quicksand and blue clay............................ 20- 80

Soft blue clay and gravel...'-.--------------------------------------------- 80-100

Soft gray sandy clay and gravel.......................................... 100-120

Hard blue sandstone ...................................................]20-140

Soft variegated sandstone; 5 feet of First sand at 155 feet.................. 140-180

Hard black shale ....................................................... 180-300

Hard gray sandy shale.................................................. 300-315

Soft blue shale ........^................................................ 315-340

Hard blue shale........................................................ 340-400

Hard blue sandy shale................................................... 400-420

Hard gray shale and sandstone.......................................... 420-440 °

Hard gray conglomerate; Third sand; oil in first 10 feet .................. 440-460

Hard white sandstone; salt-water sand .................................. 460-485

Gray sandstone; gas sand ............................................... 485-490

Soft white sandstone; oil sand, the lower stratum of Third sand ........... 490-500

Hard shale ............................................................ 500-520

The quantity of salt water is small, on account of the remarkably fine texture of 

the salt-water stratum. The sand in a well drilled for the Stanton Oil Company in 

1890, only 80 feet distant from this one, was much coarser than this, and the salt 

water was so plentiful that the company abandoned the well.

Diameter pf well, 8 inches from 0 to 310 feet, 8-inch drive pipe from 0 to 140 feet, 

6$-inch casing from 140 to 310 feet.. Before the 6^-inch casing was placed fresh water 

rose to within 60 feet of the mouth of the well. Yield of oil the first twenty-four 

hours, 12 barrels. -
96 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOR 1904. [BULL. 264.

279. Well No. 4 on the. Smith farm, 2* miles east of Grand Valley, Eldred Township,

Warren County, Pa.

[Begun October 11; completed October'29, 1904. Authority, Josiah G. Winger, contractor.]

Feet. 

Soft yellow subsoil...................................................... 0- 17

Soft gray shale ......................................................... 17- 60

Gray sandy shale; Mountain sand ....................................... 60-100

Hard gray sandstone; water sand between 160 and 220 feet ...'............ 100-220

Soft gray shale ......................................................... 220-235

Hard gray and black sandy shale......................................... 235-315

Hard gray, fine-grained sandstone; the '' Cap "............................ 315-335

Gray sandstone; oil and gas in small quantities........................... 335-355

Light gray sandstone and shale.......................................... 355-376

Soft gray and white conglomerate......................................... 376-387

Gray sandy shale....................................................... 387-420

Gray shale ............................r ................................ 420-460

Soft black shale ......: ...:..'.................. ......................... 460-520

Gray fine sandstone; top of Third sand-at 570, but irregular, here represented by a mixture of shale and dark-colored sandstone................ 520-590

Soft gray sandstone; "Gas sand," inferior quality, no gas found........... 590-598

Soft light-gray sandstone................................................. 598-605

Soft Avhite sandstone; oil sand. One gallon of oil was washed from the 

sediment from this 5 feet of drillings................................... 605-610

Soft black shale ...................................................:.... 610-632

The well stood thirty-six hours before it was torpedoed, and had accumulated 5 

gallons of oil. Forty-five minutes after torpedo was exploded oil rose in the well to 

a height'of 130 feet. The well produced 12 barrels of good oil the first twenty-four 

hours.

In this pool the last stratum of the Third sand is pay, and is designated "Newton 

sand." Farther south the first stratum is oil bearing, and is designated "Grand 

Valley sand." In a few wells, from 3 to 6 miles south, pay is found in both the 

upper and lower strata of the Third sand.

Diameter of well, 8 inches from 0 to 235 feet, 5| inches from 235 to 632£ feet.

Length of casing, 235 feet.

%S4- Well No. 25 on the Sturgesfarm, 4 miles south of Grand Valley, southivest township,

Warren County, Pa.

[Begun October 3; completed October 14,1904. Authority, P. B. McCool, driller.]

Feet. 

Soil; shell at 32 v feet.................................................... 0-40

Soft shale; soft water at 55 feet; shell 60-80 (sandstone 100-120) .."........ 40-240

Hard gray sandstone; Mountain sand ......._............................ 240-280

Gray shale and shells... ................................................ 280-440

Gray sand shells; first oil at 460......................................... 440-500

Gray sandstone; First sand............................................I. 500-545

Soft gray shale, shelly from 620 to 690 .................................. 545-690

Gray sand shells; Second sand ......................................:... 690-753

Hard gray sandstone; Third sand........................................ 753-774

Soft gray shale..:.....................................-.................. 774-789

Diameter of well, 8£ inches from. 0 to 285 feet; 5$ inches from 285 to 789 feet; 

length of casing, 285 feet; amount of oil obtained, 5 barrels a day.
LINES.] DETAILED RECOKDS. 97

385. Well No. 7 on the Speer heirs farm, 1£ miles north of Thomas, Washington County, Pa. 

[Begun October 20; completed December 20, 1904. Authority, James Lyle, contractor.]

Feet. . 

Soil ................................................................ 0- 20

Hard gray limestone................................................ 100- 150

Hard gray limestone, shaly ......................................... 150- 200

Soft dark-gray shale................................................ 200- 250

Soft light-gray shale ............................................... 250- 33'0

Pittsburg coal....................................................... 330- 336

Hard gray limestone................................................ 336- 380

Hard gray shale...............................................'.--... 380- 450

Soft red shale........ 1.............................................. 450- 500

Soft gray shale ..................................................... 500- 550

Soft red shale ...................................................... 550- 600

Soft greenish shale ................................................. 600- v 750

Hard gray sandy shale with some lime............................... 750- 800

Soft blue sandy limestone ....................-- - ------- ------ - ^00- 850

Hard light-gray sandstone .......................................... 850- 900

Soft light-gray sandstone............................................ 900- 950

Soft dark-gray shale................................................. 950-1, 000

Dark-gray shale, sandy .............................................. 1,000-1,082

Coal; freshwater................................................... 1,082-1,087

Soft light-gray sandy shale.......................................... 1,087-1,200

Soft light-gray sandstone............................................ 1, 200-1, 250

Soft white sandstone; gas at 1,285 feet............................... 1, 250-1, 325

Soft dark-gray shale.:.............................................. 1,325-1, 400

Hard gray sandstone'........................................ ....... 1,400-1,500

Hard light-gray sandstone .......................................... 1,500-1, 710

Soft gray shale..................................................... 1, 710-1, 930

Hard gray shale. _............:... ; ................................ 1, 930-1, 990

Hard gray shaly sandstone. ... .1.................................... 1, 990-2, 050

Light-gray sandstone ......... ..x................................... 2, 050-2,100

Soft light-gray sandy shale.......................................... 2,100-2,180

Soft light-gray sandstone............................................ 2,180-2, 243

Blue shale and white sandstone ......................:.............. 2, 243-2, 246

Hard gray sandstone; oil sand; steel-line measurement................ 2, 246-2, 252

Soft gray sandstone; pay, oil and a little water....................... 2, 252-2,255

Hard white sandstone .............................................. 2, 255-2, 275

Diameter of well, 13 inches from 0 to 340 feet, 10 inches from 340 to 696 feet, 8 

inches from 696 to 1,547 feet, 6f inches from 1,547 to 2,275 feet. Yield, 15 barrels 

a day.

801. Well \\ miles west of Houston, Harris County, Tex.

[Begun December, 1903; completed February, 1904. Authority, J. Crummy, civil engineer, Houston

Water Company.]

Feet.

Reddish sand .......................................................... 0-30

Soft gray clay ........................................................... 30-44

Soft red sand and rock.........................1......................... 44- 74

Hard red clay.......................................................... 74-89

Sand and gravel.. ....................................................... 89- 93

Hard white clay........................................................ 93-137

Bed sand.............................................................. 137-210

Bull. 264 05 7
98 RECORD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 204.

	Feet. 

Red clay and gravel;-hard drilling.................................... 2iO- 290

Whitish sand and gravel; hard drilling .............................. 290- 316

Reddish clay and gravel; hard drilling............................... 316- 356

Red sand; hard drilling ............................................ 356- 393

White clay and gravel.............................................. 393- 456

Light-gray sand.................................................... 456- 496

Clay and gravel..................................................... 496- 514

Light-gray sand.................................................... 514- 526

Gravel .................".............:............................. 526- 532

Whitish clay....................................................... 532- 570

Very hard rock .................................................... 570- 571

White sand and gravel ............................................. 571- 585

Reddish clay ...................................................... 585- 600

Porous rock......................................................... 600- 602

White clay ........................................................ 602- 608

Sand and gravel.................................................... 608- 618

Clay ..........,.............'...................................... 618- 658

White gravel and clay.............................................. 658- 668

Sand ...................................,...........:.............. 668- 678

Porous whitish clay and rock ....................................... 678- 687

White sand ....................................................... 687- 705

Clay and gravel; hard drilling ...................................... 705- 745

Whitish sand ........................................................ 745r 756

White clay .............................................. ......... 756- 772

Sand ............................................................... '772- 810

Clay .............<.................................................. 810- 815

Sand ...'...'.....'.... ............................................. 815- 835

White clay ............'............................................ 835- 895

White sand........................................................ 895- 940

Reddish clay ...................................................... 940-1,134

Hard rock .......................................................... 1,134-1,137

Light-gray sand .................................................... 1,137-1,179

Clay ............................................................... 1,179-1,236

Whitish sand -'-........-........................'................... 1,236-1, 314

Hard rock ......................................................... l,314-1,315

Clay ................................................................ 1, 315-1,354

Sand .............................................................. 1, 354-1, 368

Clay .............................................................. 1, 368-1,430

White sand and gravel.............................................. 1,430-1, 470

Haid clay and rock ......:......................................... 1,470-1,600

Hard rock; gas.............:....................................'. . 1, 600-1, 605

Clay .................................. '. ..........:.............. 1,605-1,895

Sand .............................................................. 1,895-1,907

Red clay .......................................................... 1,907-2, 025

Diameter of well, 8 inches from 0 to 779 feet, 6 .inches from 479 to 1,219 feet, and 

4 inches from 1,219 to 1,225 feet.

The Houston Water Company has 3 wells in stratum between 137 and 200 feet, 6 

between 290 and 316, 5 between 456 and 496, 2 between 571 and 585, 1 between 602 

and 618, 5 between 687 and 705, 6 between 772 and 810, 4 between 895 and 940, 4 

between 1,137 and 1,139, and 3 between 1,236. and 1,314 feet. All the wells are 

located within half a mile radius. They have a closed pressure at the surface of from 

1 to 18 pounds and flow from 1,000 to 8,000 gallons a day each.
LINES.] DETAILED EECORDS. 99

302.- Well No. 1 on the L. W. Long farm, Humble (17 miles north of Houston], Harris

County, Tex. '

[Begun September 17, completed December 22,1904. Authority, P. M. llranberry, owner.]

Feet. 

Soft gray sand........_...-.-................................-----...... 30- 40

Hard gray clay......................................................... 40- 60

Hard bluish sand...........:............................................ 60-215

Hard gray sand and clay................................................ 215-310

Hard blue sand and clay................................................ 310-400

Coarse gray sand ....................................................... 400-470

Fine gray sand......................................................... 470^495

Hard blue clay.......................................................... 495-508

Hard blue sand and clay mixed .......................................... 508-572

Hard blue clay......................................................... 572-645

Hard blue sand and clay in alternate layers .............................. 645-710

Hard blue shale.........................................'.............. 710-950

Mixed rock and sand (limy) .............................................. 950-990

Marsh gas between 215 and 508 feet. Considerable gas between 645 and 670 feet 

and a little between 670 and 790 feet. Some oil and much gas between 790 and 950 

feet. Oil between 951 and 990 feet. Yield, 100 barrels first twenty-four hours; 

gravity, 28° Bauui.

Diameter of well, llf inches from 0 to 310 feet, 6 inches from 310 to 950 feet. 

Strainer inserted at 951 feet.

318. Well No. 1 on the 0. Simmons farm, three-fourths mile southwest of forks of Little 

Sandy, Elk Township, Kanawha County, W. Va,.

[Begun September 24, completed November 24,1904. Authority, J. G. Weiler, driller.]

	. Feet. 

Surface soil...........:..................'.............................. 0-22

Sand (sandy clay or shale).............................................. 22- 40

Shale.................................................................. 40- 60

Sandstone; fresh water rose to within 20 feet of suriace ................... 60^ 70

Soft red shale .......................................................... 70-. 76

Soft gray sandstone...................................................... 76-124

Hard white shale (greenish) .................'........................... 124-155

Light-gray sandstone; fresh water rose to within 10 feet of the surface...... 155-170

Hard light-gray shale................................................... 170-178

Hard light-gray limestone (sandstone).................................. 178-184

Hard light-gray sandstone .............................................. 184-227

Hard gray shale........................................................ 227-233

Hard light-gray sandstone .............................................. 233-300

Hard light-gray shale................................................... 300-306

Hard white sandstone ................................................... 306-318

Black shale, shelly ..................................................... 318-410

Coal................ ................................................... 410-412

Black shale, shelly; water cased off at 425 feet ........................... 412-452

Hard white sandstone .................................................. 452-547

Black shale, shelly ..................................................... 547-685

Hard white sandstone.................................................. 685-730

Black shale, shelly..................................................... 730-740

Hard white sandstone.................................................. 740-790

Black shale, shelly ..................................................... 790-857
. KECOKD OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 2G4.

Feet. .

Hard white sandstone; top of Salt Sand; gas between 928 and 935; estimated yield 500,000 feet in twenty-four hours................ '...... 857- 935

Soft white sandstone; salt water; steel line measurement ............. 935- 942

Soft white sandstone; hole filled with flowing water.................. 942- 965

Hard white sandstone .............................................. 965- 990

Hard white sandstone (brown); well stopped flowing ................ 990-1,010

Hard gray and brown sandstone .................................... 1,010-1,143

Hard black shale... ..........................i..................... 1,143-1,145

Hard white sandstone .............................................. 1,145-1,195

Hard dark-gray limestone; Bastard.................................. 1,195-1, 210

Hard white sandstone.............................................. 1, 210-1, 329

Soft white shale (blue)............................................. 1,329-1,345

Hard white sandstone; Maxton and Cairo oil sand.................... 1,345-1, 365

Hard white sandstone; bottom of Salt sand .......................... 1, 365-1, 402

Black shale, shelly; pencil slate...................................... 1,402-1,405

Hard gray limestone, "Biglime".................................... 1, 405-1,510

Hard gray limestone; should be Keener sand, was hard and limy ...... 1,510-1, 554

Soft gray sandstone, "Big Injun sand" .............................. 1, 554-1,615

Black shale, shelly ................................................. 1,615-1,700

The gas in the Salt sand was drowned out by salt water at 1,010 feet. Well dry, 

casing pulled.

There was no distinction between Keener and Big Injun sands as there should be. 

Shale brake between Keener and Big Injun sand.

Diameter of casing 10 inches from 0 to 40 feet, 8 inches from 40 to 425 feet, 6| 

inches from 425 to 1,345 feet.

320. F. D. Hawkim No. 1, Harrisville, Ritchie County, W. Va.

[Authority, W. F. Graham.]

Feet.

Limestone ............................................................. 190-202

Coal and shale ......................................................... 202-208

Limestone and pyrite. .................................................... 208-220

Gritty limestone ....................................................... 220-250

Ked limestone (brown shale) ........................................... 258-266

Gray limestone......................................................... 266-274

Gray shale............................................................. 274-290

Shale, coal and pyrite .................................................. 290-298

Gray sandstone ........................................................ 298-306

Limestone (sandstone) ................................................. 306-314

Gray shale..........................-...............'.................... 314-322

Limestone (limestone and shale)......................................... 322-351

Gray sandstone ........................................................ 351-358

Limestone (sandstone) .............................................'..... 358-365

Sandstone .............................................................. 365-384

Red rock, '< Little Red "................................................ 384-408

Limestone (shale)..........................................^........... 408-422

Shale.................................................................. 422-446

Gritty limestone (gray sandstone, limy) ................................. 446-467

Shale.................-......-.-...........--..----.--.....-..--....... 467-482

Limestone (shale)....................................................... 482-489

Shale.................................................................. 489-497

Limestone (sandstone and shale)........................................ 497-608

Bedrock. "Big -Red".................................................. 608-664
DETAILED RECORDS. 101

	Feet. 

Sandstone; pyrite........................................'.......... 664- 670

Limestone (gray sandy shale, limy) ................................. 670- 781

Shale.............................................................. 781- . 805

Limestone; pyrite between 813 and 821 (shale between 821 and 852)... 805- 852

f Shale.............................................................. 852-. 867

Limestone (shale).................................................. 867- 873.

Shale and pyrite ...'................................................. 873- 879

Limestone (shale).................................................. 879- 885

Shale.............................................................. 885- 892

Limestone (shale).................................................. 892- 916

Shale............................................................... 916- 930

Limestone (shale)................. .................................. 930- 986

Sandstone (red shale) ..........I................................... 986- 992

Shale.............................................................. 992-1, 006

Limestone (shale)................................................. 1 1,006-1,018

Shale............................................................. 1,018-1,032

Limestone (shale)................................................... 1,032-1,045

Sandstone; Dunkard Sand .......................................... 1, 045-1,155

Shale (coal at 1,219)................................................ 1,155-1,219

Sandstone .......................................................... 1, 219-1, 225

Shale.............................................................. 1,225-1,241

Sandstone; Second Cow Run sand............... .................... 1, 241-1, 285

Coal............................................................... 1,285-1, 300

Sandstone ......................................................... 1, 300-1, 312

 Shale.............................................................. 1,312-1,328

Sandstone ........................:...... ....................... 1, 328-1,340

Shale................................................................ 1,340-1,348

Limestone (shale).................................................. 1, 348-1, 354

Shale........................................-.....................' 1,354-1,378

Limestone (shale)................'................................... 1, 378-1,385

Shale; shells from 1,408 to 1,414 feet ................................ 1, 385-1,438

Sandstone; Gas sand ............................................... 1,438-1,463

Shale.............................................................. 1,463-1,575

Sandstone; Salt sand ............................................... 1, 575-1, 614

Shale...................................i............ ............. 1,614-1,662

' Shells; Maxton ................................. J................. 1,662-1, 669

Limestone .......................................................... 1, 669-1, 696

Shale; Cairo ....................................................... 1, 696-1,699

Limestone, "Big lime;" top of Keener at 1,752 feet, very small showing of gas. Very small showing-of light yellow oil between 1,782 and 

1,788 feet. Steel line measurements at 1,762 and 1,770 feet.......... 1,699-1, 807

Sandstone and shale; brake.........1............................... 1, 807-1, 813

Sandstone, "Big Injun;" pay, gas and oil, 1,856-1,862 feet. Steel line 

measurement taken at 1,868 feet................................... 1,813-1, 873

Shale............................................................... 1,873-1, 875

Shot with 10 quarts of glycerine and produced 12 barrels flowing.

Dr. George H. Ashley made the following report to Mr. W. F. Graham regarding 

the geological formations encountered in this well:

"The well appears to have started at about the horizon of the Washington coal. 

The coal noted at 298 feet is about at the horizon of the Uniontown. The sandstone at 467 feet may be the Sewickley sandstone. The horizon of the Pittsburg 

coal probably comes at a depth of between 500 and 550 feet. The sandstone 

between 1,045 and 1,155 feet is probably the Mahoning or 'Cow Run' sandstone.
102 RECOED OF DEEP WELL DRILLING FOE 1904. [BULL. 264.

The coal at 1,219 may be the Lower .Freeport or one of the Kittanning coals. The 

coal at 1,300 may be the Lower Kittanning or Clarion coal. Sandstone and shale 

from 1,438 to 1,496 is probably Pottsville, including the Rait.sand at.the horizon 

assigned by Mr. Graham. The lower part cf the section has probably been correctly referred by Mr. Graham, unless it be in the case of the Keener sand, which 

he has correlated with the Siliceous limestone at 1,752 feet. The existence-of a considerable thickness of limestone below would indicate that this occurs in the Big 

Lime (Greenbrier limestone), and that the Keener occurs in the upper part of the 

Big Injun immediately below 1,807'feet."

883. Well No. 1 on the J. Murphy farm, 2 miles east of Hundred, Wetzel County, W. Va.

[Begun July 25, completed September 24,1904. Authority, E. J.w Akins, driller.]

Feet. 

Alluvium ............ ......... ................................'... 0- 13

Hard limestone .................................................... 13- 40

Soft shale.......................................................... 40- 60

Limestone and shale; 200 barrels a day of fresh water, slightly sulphurous, caseoff at 115 feet. ............................... ........... 60- 352

Coal.. ............................................................. 352- 355

Shale and soft limestone............................................ 355- > 425

Coarse white sandstone ............................................. 425- 445

Soft black shale ................ .^.................................. 445- 480

Coarse white sandstone............................................. 480- 500

Fairview or Waynesburg coal........................... ........... 500- 505

Qoarse white sandstone. These layers of sandstone are soft but wear 

the bit out.of gage................................................ 505- 580

Hard limestone; does not wear the bits....... ....................... 580- 640

Harder limestone; breaks heads of bite .............................. 640- 740

Coal; Mapletown................................................... 740- ?45

Hard limestone .................................................... 745- 750

Shale. ......,..;.. t ............................... r ................ 750- 790

Hard limestone ..................................................... 790- 825

Soft chalky limestone,.. . .................................:........ 825- 844

Coal; Pittsburg .................................................... 844- 852

Limestone and shale'................................................ 852- 870

Gritty limestone ................................................... 870- 890

Lime shells and shale ..........:...............;................... 890- 960

Soft pink rock .:................................................... 960- 980

Eed and white cave rock ................"........................... 980-1,234

Sandstone; Little Dunkard sand............................ '......... 1,234-1, 275

Soft shale...................................... ....................], 275-1,312

Sandstone; Big Dunkard sand....................................... 1,312-1,348

Shoft * shale ............................. ........................... 

 1,348-1,400

Sandstone; Lower Dunkard sand ..... .............................. 1,400-1,475

Coal (black shale) ............................^.................... 1,475-1,480

Sandstone; "Gas" sand '............................................ 1,480-1,610

Shale.............................................................. 1, 610-1, 650

Sandstone; Salt sand, dry in this well................................ 1,650-1,890

Shale.............................................................. 1,890-1,980

Sandstone; Maxton sand, generally called "Little lime." This sand 

produces paying oil wells of 100 barrels a day within 1 mile of this 

well. This well yields about 250,000 feet of gas a clay from the pay 

between 1,995 and 2,005 feet...................................... 1,980-2,030

Shale and lime shells ................................... . ......... 2,030-2,044
DETAILED RECORDS.

Feet. 

Limestone; Big lime ............................................. 2,044-2,145

Sandstone; Big Injun sand; some gas between 2,145 and 2,155 feet. 

The well will yield about 200,000 feet a day from this pay ......... 2,145-2, 343

Shale with limestone and sand shells .............................. 2, 343-2, 900

Sandstone; Fifty-foot sand........................................ 2,900-2,970

Shale............................................................ 2,970-2,988

Sandstone; Gordon Stray sand ...:...,.....................-..... 2,988-3,008

Shale; brake..................................................... 3,008-3, 009

Sandstone; Gordon sand; a little gas, about 50,000 feet a day, between 3,000 and 3,020 feet....................................... 3,009-3,040

Shale............................................................ 3,040-3, 055

Sandstone; Fourth sand; this is the sand the well was drilled for. A 

well flowed 50 barrels an hour 1,000 feet from this well. This one, 

however, is dry ................................................ 3,055-3,075

Shale and shells.................................................. 3,075-3,100

Shale...........,....-..------.---------------------------------- 3,100-3,236.5

The Fourth sand formation and also the Bayard Sand WGl'G missing ill this well. 

Diameter of casing 10 inches from 0 to 115 feet, 8 inches from 115 to 1,234 feet, 

6 inches from 1,234 to 2,132 feet.

INDEX.

Page. 

Accuracy in well records, importance

of______________ 12-20 

Address of drillers and well owners;

methods of obtaining- 28-29 

Alabama, well drilling in_______ 42-43 

Albany, Ind., well near, record of 82 

Alluvium, definition of________ 34 

Arkansas, well drilling in______ 42-43 

Atlantic 1-Iigblands, N. ,T., well near,

record of_________ 90-91 

Bay St. Louis, Miss., well near,

record of________ 87

Belvidere, 111., well at, record of__ 80 

Burlington, Iowa, well at; record of_ 83 

California, well drilling in______ 42-43 

well records iul__________ 78-79 

Casing, use of, value of records in 

determining necessity 

for____________ 16 

Cave rock, occurrence of, value of 

records in determination of_________ 10 

Chalk, definition of_________ 34 

Chanute, Kans., well near, record of-; 80-87 

Chcrokee, Iowa, well near, record of_ 82-83 

Clay, definition of___________ 34 

Clippings, manner of filing______ 29 

Colorado, well drilling in_______ 44 45

well record in_____ ___ 79 

Concretions, definition of __ 34 

Conglomerate, definition of _____ 34 

Connecticut, well drilling in____ 44-45 

Contractors. Sec Drillers. 

Cooperation with State geologists,

discussion of______. 38

Darton, N. H., work of_________ 24

Davenport, Iowa, well at, record of_ 84

Dolomite, definition of ________ 34

 Drillers, addresses of, methods of

obtaining________ 28-29 

letter sent to _i__^________ 30, 31 

list of ________________ 8-11 

suggestions to __ __ 32 

value of records to_________ 14-19

Eldridge, G. H., notes prepared by_ 33 

Findlay, Ohio, well at, record of__ 91-92 

Florida, \vell drilling in ________ 44-45 

Formation, definition of _______ 33 

Fuller, M. L., work of_________ 21, 24 

Gas and oil wells, records of, value

of_____________ . 17

Page.

Geologist, value of records to____ 20 

Georgia, well drilling in__ 46-47 

Gneiss, definition of----__ 34 

Grand Valley, Pa., wells near, records of__________ 93-90 

Granite, definition of- 34 

Gravel, definitions of________ 34

l-Iarrisville, W. Va., well at, record

Of____________ 100-102 

Higbee, Pa., well near, record of___ 92 

Horace, Kans., well at, record of- 84 

Houston, Tex., well near, record of_ 97-98 

Humble, Tex., well at, record of__ 99 

Hundred, W. Va., well at, record

of___________ 102-103 

Hydrology, Division of, history and

. work of .._______ 21-27 

Idaho, well drilling in_________ 46-47 

Igneous rocks, definition of ____ 33, 34 

Illinois, well drilling in____ 40-47, 48-49

well records in__________ 80-81 

Independence, Kans., well near, record of__________- 85-86 

Indian Territory, well drilling in__ 48-49 

Indiana, well drilling in_______ 48-49

well records in__________ 82 

Inquiry blanks, forms of______ 24-25 

Iowa, well drilling in__.______ 48-49

well records in____ __ 82-84 

Kansas, well drilling in_______ 50-51

well records in__________ 84-87 

Kentucky, well drilling in_______ 50-51 

Kewanee, 111., well near, record of_ 80-81 

Lajunta, Colo., well at, record of__ 79 

Letters sent to drillers and well

owners, copies of ___ 30, 31 

Limestone, definition of _______ 34 

Lines, E. F., work of_______:___ 26 

.Louisiana, well drilling in______ 52-53 

Mailing list, preparation of_____ 29 

Maine, well drilling in________ 52-53 

Marble, definition of _________ 34 

Marl, definition of____________ 34 

Massachusetts, well drilling in ___ 52-53 

Metamorphic rocks, definition of-__ 33, 34 

Michigan, well drilling in_______ 52-53 

Minnesota, well drilling in_____ 54-55 

Mississippi, well drilling in______ 54-55

well records in_ ___ ____ 87 

Missouri, well drilling in________ 54 55

well records in__________ 87-90

105
106 INDEX.

Pnge.

Moberly, Mo., well at, record of__ .87-89 

Montana, well drilling in_______ 54-55 

Morris Township, Pa., well in, record

of_____________ 03 

Moss Point, Miss., well near, record

of_____________ 87 

Naperville, III., well at, record of_ 80 

Neal, Kans., well near, record of__ 84-85 

Nebraska, well drilling in_______ 50-57 

New Hampshire, well drilling in__ 50-57 

New Jersey, well drilling in__ 50-57, 58-50 

well records in__________ 00-01 

New Mexico, well drilling in_____ 58-50 

New York, well drilling in______ 58-50 

well records in________ ' 01. 

North Carolina, well drilling in__ 00-01 

Notebook for drillers, description of_ 32-35 

Ohio, well drilling in.____ GO-01, 02-03 

well records in__________ 01-02 

Oil and gas wells, records of, value of_ 14 17 

Oregon, well drilling in_______ 02-03 

Owners of wells, addresses of, method

of obtaining ______ 28-20

letters sent to __________ 30-31

value of records to____ __ 18-10

Pennsylvania, well drilling in____ 62-71

well records in__________ 02 07

Pleasantville, N. .T., well near, record

of_____________ 00 

Point Loma, Cal., well at, record of_ 70 

Portage, Ohio, well at, record of _ 02 

Productive rock, depth to, value of 

records in the determination of _ __ 14-15 

Publications proposed, description of_ 30 

Quartzite, definition of________ 34 

Records, accuracy of, importance of_ 12-20 

collection of, methods of ____ 27-39 

form used in obtaining_____ <> 38 

value of__ __-_____--.. 14-10 

Redkey. Ind., well near, record of_ 82

Rhode Island, well drilling in__.___ 70-71

Page.

St. Louis, Mo., well at, record of__ 89-00 

Samples, collection, examination, 

storage, etc., of, methods of ____ ____ 35-37 

Samples and records, collection of,

methods of _______ 27-39 

Sand, definition of___________ 34 

Sandstone, definition of_______ 34 

Schist, definition of____,_____ 34 

Seaside, Cal., well at, record of___ 78 

Sedimentary rocks, definition of___ 33, 34 

Shale, definition of ___________ 34 

Slate, definition of ___________ 34 

Sonpstone, definition of________ 34 

Soil, definition of_____________ 34 

South Dakota, well drilling in____ 70-71 

Streator, 111., well at, record of-__ 81 

Structure, determination of, value of

records in _______ 17

notes on_______________ 33 

Talc, definition of __________.,_ 34 

Tennessee, well drilling in_____ 70-71 

Texas, well drilling in________ 72-73

well records in__________ 07-00 

Thomas, Pa., well near, record of__ 97 

Till, definition of ___________ 34 

Trap, definition of___________ 34 

Tully, N. Y., well at, record of___ :>l 

Utah, well drilling in ________ 74-75 

Veatch, A. C., notes prepared by__ 32 

work of________________ 20, 28

Virginia, well drilling in ______ 74-75 

Washington, well drilling in_____ 74-75 

Water supplies, occurrence of, value 

of records in determination of_______ 15-10 

Water wells, records of, value" of_ 18-10 

Well records. Sec Records. 

West Virginia, well drilling in_ 74-75. 70-77 

well records in_____ ____ 00-102 

Wisconsin, well drilling in______ 70-77 

Wyoming, well drilling in_____ 70-77

0