Final Environmental Impact Statement 

JORDAN COVE ENERGY AND

PACIFIC CONNECTOR GAS PIPELINE 

PROJECT

Jordan Cove Energy Project, L.P. Docket Nos. CP07-444-000 

Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline, L.P. CP07-441-000 

FERC/EIS – 0223F 

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 

Office of Energy Projects 

Washington, DC 20426 

Cooperating Agencies

USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region 

Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Portland District 

US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 

US Department of Homeland Security Coast Guard, Portland 

US Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration 

US Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office 

US Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Klamath Basin Area Office 

US Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, Oregon State Office 

Douglas County, Oregon 

May 2009 
On the Cover: 

Top

Artist rendering of proposed Jordan Cove LNG terminal and slip, and adjacent existing Roseburg Forest 

Products facility on the North Spit of Coos Bay, Oregon. 

Bottom, left to right

Aerial view of location of proposed Pacific Connector Butte Falls Compressor Station and Pacific Connector 

Pipeline near pipeline milepost 132. 

Simulated view of proposed Pacific Connector pipeline right-of-way following construction, from Highway 140 

near pipeline milepost 145. 

Rogue River at proposed Pacific Connector pipeline crossing near pipeline milepost 122. 

Southern end of proposed Pacific Connector pipeline and site of proposed Tule Lake/Russell Canyon/Buck 

Butte Meter Stations near pipeline milepost 230. 
i Table of Contents 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................1-1

1.1 PROJECT SUMMARY .......................................................................................1-1

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING............................................................................1-7

1.3 PURPOSE AND NEED ......................................................................................1-7

1.4 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THIS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 

STATEMENT....................................................................................................1-17

1.4.1 Purpose and Scope ...........................................................................1-17

1.4.2 Changes Since the Draft EIS.............................................................1-18

1.5 PERMITS, APPROVALS, AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS.................1-18

1.5.1 Other Federal Environmental Laws ...................................................1-18

1.5.2 Federal Agency Reviews...................................................................1-30

1.5.3 Other State Agency Permits and Approvals ......................................1-33

1.6 PUBLIC REVIEW AND COMMENT .................................................................1-36

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION.............................................................2-1

2.1 Project Components...........................................................................................2-1

2.1.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic ........................................................2-2

2.1.2 Waterway Characteristics....................................................................2-2

2.1.3 LNG Carriers........................................................................................2-7

2.1.4 Jordan Cove LNG Import Terminal....................................................2-14

2.1.5 Pacific Connector Pipeline and Associated Aboveground 

Facilities.............................................................................................2-42

2.2 nON-JURISDICTIONAL FACILITIES AND INTERELATED ACTIVITIES ........2-54

2.2.1 Natural Gas Liquids Recovery at the Jordan Cove LNG 

Terminal.............................................................................................2-56

2.2.2 Port Activities.....................................................................................2-58

2.2.3 Natural Gas Connection and Distribution Facilities ...........................2-59

2.2.4 Utility Connections.............................................................................2-60

2.2.5 Conclusions on Nonjurisdictional Facilities........................................2-61

2.3 LAND REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................2-61

2.3.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic ......................................................2-61

2.3.2 LNG Terminal Facilities .....................................................................2-61

2.3.3 Pipeline and Associated Aboveground Facilities...............................2-64

2.3.4 Pipeline Facilities on Federal Lands..................................................2-73

2.4 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES ..................................................................2-76

2.4.1 LNG Terminal ....................................................................................2-78

2.4.2 Pipeline and Associated Aboveground Facilities...............................2-83

2.5 post-authorization actions, construction, and mitigation review .....................2-106

2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE AND MONITORING...............................2-108

2.7 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ....................................2-110

2.7.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic ....................................................2-110

2.7.2 LNG Terminal Facilities ...................................................................2-110

2.7.3 Pipeline and Associated Aboveground Facilities.............................2-111

2.8 SAFETY CONTROLS.....................................................................................2-115

2.8.1 LNG Terminal Facilities ...................................................................2-115
ii Table of Contents 

2.8.2 Pipeline and Associated Aboveground Facilities.............................2-120

2.9 Gas Quality AND INTERCHANGEABILITY....................................................2-122

2.9.1 Interchangeability.............................................................................2-122

2.9.2 Gas Quality......................................................................................2-122

2.9.3 Other Gas Specifications.................................................................2-122

2.9.4 Resolution of Gas Quality Issues.....................................................2-123

2.10 FUTURE PLANS AND ABANDONMENT.......................................................2-123

3.0 ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................3-1

3.1 NO ACTION OR POSTPONED PROJECT........................................................3-2

3.1.1 Alternative Natural Gas Infrastructure Proposals ................................3-3

3.1.2 Increased Efficiency and Conservation of Natural Gas .......................3-3

3.1.3 Other Sources of Energy .....................................................................3-4

3.2 System Alternatives..........................................................................................3-12

3.2.1 Existing Pipeline Systems..................................................................3-12

3.2.2 Newly Proposed Pipelines.................................................................3-15

3.2.3 Existing LNG Facilities.......................................................................3-19

3.2.4 Proposed West Coast Alternative LNG Import Terminals .................3-21

3.3 Regional Review of Alternative Onshore LNG Import Terminal Ports..............3-29

3.3.1 Coos Bay Terminal Site Alternatives .................................................3-33

3.3.2 Alternative Terminal Configurations...................................................3-35

3.3.3 Dredging and Dredged Material Placement Alternatives...................3-40

3.3.4 Alternative LNG Terminal off the Shore of Oregon............................3-47

3.4 Pipeline Alternatives.........................................................................................3-52

3.4.1 Alternative Pipeline Route Segments Considered but 

Eliminated from Detailed Analysis .....................................................3-53

3.4.2 Pipeline Route Variations ..................................................................3-60

3.4.3 General Discussion of Pipeline Alternatives Over Federal 

Lands...............................................................................................3-111

3.4.4 Minor Route Variations Incorporated into the Proposed Route .......3-114

3.4.5 Alternative Compressor Station Locations.......................................3-116

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS......................................................................................4-1

4.1 GEOLOGICAL RESOURCES .........................................................................4.1-1

4.1.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic .....................................................4.1-1

4.1.2 LNG Terminal ...................................................................................4.1-2

4.1.3 Pacific Connector Pipeline..............................................................4.1-16

4.1.4 Environmental Consequences on Federal Lands...........................4.1-45

4.2 SOILS AND SEDIMENTS ...............................................................................4.2-1

4.2.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic .....................................................4.2-1

4.2.2 LNG Terminal ...................................................................................4.2-2

4.2.3 Pacific Connector Pipeline and Associated Facilities .....................4.2-13

4.2.4 Environmental Consequences on Federal Lands...........................4.2-25

4.3 Water Resources and wetlands ......................................................................4.3-1

4.3.1 Groundwater.....................................................................................4.3-1

4.3.2 Surface Water.................................................................................4.3-12

4.3.3 Wetlands.........................................................................................4.3-51

4.3.4 Environmental Consequences on Federal Lands...........................4.3-67

4.4 Upland Vegetation and Timber........................................................................4.4-1

4.4.1 Vegetation.........................................................................................4.4-1
iii Table of Contents 

4.4.2 Timber.............................................................................................4.4-59

4.5 WILDLIFE AND AQUATIC RESOURCES.......................................................4.5-1

4.5.1 Wildlife ..............................................................................................4.5-1

4.5.2 Aquatic Resources..........................................................................4.5-49

4.6 THREATENED, ENDANGERED, AND OTHER SPECIAL STATUS 

SPECIES.........................................................................................................4.6-1

4.6.1 Federally Listed Threatened and Endangered Species....................4.6-1

4.6.2 State-Listed Threatened or Endangered Species ...........................4.6-102

4.6.3 Other Special Status Species.......................................................4.6-110

4.6.4 Environmental Effects on Federal Lands......................................4.6-111

4.6.5 Conclusions and Recommendations for Threatened, 

Endangered, and Other Special Status Species ..........................4.6-120

4.7 LAND USE, RECREATION, AND VISUAL RESOURCES..............................4.7-1

4.7.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic .....................................................4.7-1

4.7.2 Jordan Cove LNG Terminal ..............................................................4.7-9

4.7.3 Pacific Connector Pipeline and Associated Facilities .....................4.7-35

4.7.4 Environmental Consequences on Federal Lands...........................4.7-66

4.8 SOCIOECONOMICS.......................................................................................4.8-1

4.8.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic .....................................................4.8-1

4.8.2 LNG Terminal .................................................................................4.8-11

4.8.3 Pacific Connector Pipeline..............................................................4.8-21

4.8.4 Environmental Consequences on Federal Lands...........................4.8-39

4.9 TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC...............................................................4.9-1

4.9.1 Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic .....................................................4.9-1

4.9.2 LNG Terminal ...................................................................................4.9-2

4.9.3 Pipeline Facilities............................................................................4.9-11

4.10 CULTURAL RESOURCES............................................................................4.10-1

4.10.1 Consultations with the SHPO, Indian Tribes, and Other 

Interested Parties............................................................................4.10-1

4.10.2 Results of Cultural Resource Literature Searches and 

Inventories ....................................................................................4.10-12

4.10.3 Compliance with the NHPA ..........................................................4.10-19

4.11 AIR QUALITY AND NOISE ...........................................................................4.11-1

4.11.1 Air Quality .......................................................................................4.11-1

4.11.2 Noise.............................................................................................4.11-32

4.12 RELIABILITY AND SAFETY..........................................................................4.12-1

4.12.1 LNG Hazards..................................................................................4.12-2

4.12.2 Front-End Engineering Design Review...........................................4.12-4

4.12.3 Storage and Retention Systems...................................................4.12-12

4.12.4 Siting Requirements .....................................................................4.12-14

4.12.5 LNG Carrier Safety .......................................................................4.12-31

4.12.6 Emergency Response and Evacuation Planning..........................4.12-48

4.12.7 Conclusions on LNG Carrier Safety..............................................4.12-50

4.12.8 Terrorism and Security Issues......................................................4.12-50

4.12.9 ODE Safety Advisory Report ........................................................4.12-52

4.12.10 Pipeline Facilities..........................................................................4.12-52

4.13 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS..............................................................................4.13-1

4.13.1 Introduction.....................................................................................4.13-1

4.13.2 Cumulative Effects to Resources..................................................4.13-13
iv Table of Contents 

4.13.3 Cumulative Impact Conclusions ...................................................4.13-37

5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMENDATIONS .................................................................5-1

5.1 SUMMARY OF THE STAFF’S ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS.........................5-1

5.1.1 Geology ...............................................................................................5-2

5.1.2 Soils and Sediments............................................................................5-3

5.1.3 Water Resources and Wetlands..........................................................5-5

5.1.4 Vegetation and Timber ........................................................................5-9

5.1.5 Wildlife and Aquatic Resources.........................................................5-11

5.1.6 Federally Listed Threatened and Endangered Species.....................5-13

5.1.7 Land Use, Recreation, and Visual Resources...................................5-15

5.1.8 Socioeconomics.................................................................................5-17

5.1.9 Transportation....................................................................................5-18

5.1.10 Cultural Resources ............................................................................5-20

5.1.11 Air Quality and Noise.........................................................................5-21

5.1.12 Reliability and Safety .........................................................................5-24

5.2 FERC STAFF’S RECOMMENDED MITIGATION ............................................5-25

APPENDICES

Appendix A Final EIS Distribution List 

Appendix B Jordan Cove’s Letter of Intent and the U.S. Coast Guard’s Waterway Suitability 

Report for the Jordan Cove Energy Project 

Appendix C Response of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to the Safety Advisory 

Report of the Oregon Department of Energy 

Appendix D Pipeline Route and Work Area Maps 

Appendix E Pipeline Facility Tables 

Appendix F Soils Tables 

Appendix G Water Resources and Wetlands 

Appendix H Vegetation and Wildlife 

Appendix I Pacific Connector's Proposed Modifications to FERC Staff's Plan and Procedures 

Appendix J Comments on the Draft EIS and Responses 

Appendix K List of Preparers 

Appendix L Mitigations Proposed for Federal Lands 

Appendix M References 

Appendix N Subject Index 
v Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 1.5-1 Major Permits, Approvals, and Consultations for the JCE & PCGP 

Project ........................................................................................................1-19

Table 1.5.2.4-1 BLM, USFS, and BOR Land Use Plans the Pacific Connector Project 

Must Comply With and that are Incorporated into this EIS by 

Reference...................................................................................................1-32

Table 1.6-1 Public and Interagency Meetings for the JCE & PCGP Project 

Attended by the FERC Staff .......................................................................1-38

Table 1.6-2 Environmental Issues Identified During the Pre-filing Public Scoping 

Process for the JCE & PCGP Project.........................................................1-40

Table 1.6-4 General Topics of Comments Filed on the Draft EIS .................................1-43

Table 2.1.4.3-1 Support Buildings for the LNG Terminal.....................................................2-31

Table 2.1.4.4-1 Estimated Excavated and Dredged Material Volumes ...............................2-35

Table 2.1.5.2-1 Pacific Connector’s Proposed Aboveground Facilities...............................2-50

Table 2.1.5.2-2 Proposed and Existing Gas Control Communication Towers.....................2-53

Table 2.3-1 Land Use at the Proposed Jordan Cove LNG Import Terminal..................2-62

Table 2.3-2 Summary of Land Requirements for the Pacific Connector Pipeline..........2-63

Table 2.3.3.1-1 New Temporary and Permanent Access Roads Required for the 

Pacific Connector Pipeline and Associated Facilities.................................2-70

Table 2.3.3.1-2 Privately Owned Contractor and Pipe Storage Yards that may be 

used during Construction of the Pacific Connector Pipeline and 

Associated Facilities...................................................................................2-71

Table 2.3.3.2-1 Land Requirements for Operation of Pacific Connector’s Proposed 

Aboveground Facilities ...............................................................................2-73

Table 2.3.4-1 Summary of Land Requirements for Portions of the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline and Associated Facilities Within or Affecting Lands 

Administered by the BLM ...........................................................................2-73

Table 2.3.4-2 Summary of Land Requirements for Portions of the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline and Associated Facilities Within or Affecting Lands 

Administered by the USFS .........................................................................2-74

Table 2.3.4-3 Summary of Land Requirements for Portions of the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline and Associated Facilities Within or Affecting Lands 

Administered by the BOR ...........................................................................2-74

Table 2.4-1 Major Differences Between Jordan Cove’s Plan and Procedures and 

the FERC Staff’s Plan and Procedures ......................................................2-77

Table 2.4.2.1-1 Fuel Loading Specification by Size Class...................................................2-90

Table 2.4.2.1-2 Potential Hydrostatic Test Water Source Locations ...................................2-94

Table 2.4.2.1-3 Potential Hydrostatic Discharge Locations Outside of the 

Construction Right-of-Way .........................................................................2-95

Table 2.4.2.1-4 Sources of Dust and Fire Control Water.....................................................2-96

Table 2.8.1-1 Federal Siting and Design Requirements for LNG Facilities ....................2-115

Table 3.1.3.2-1 Comparison of Air Emissions from Burning Fossil Fuels............................3-11
vi Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 3.3-1 Ports Potentially Suitable for LNG Carrier Traffic Within Jordan 

Cove’s Project Study Area Based on Channel Depth of 36 Feet 

MLLW .........................................................................................................3-30

Table 3.3.2.4-1 Estimated Air Emissions Associated with Vaporizer Combustion ..............3-38

Table 3.3.3.2-1 Excavated and Dredged Material Placement Sites Evaluated by the 

Port for the Proposed Jordan Cove Energy Project ...................................3-44

Table 3.4-1 Pipeline Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Further 

Analysis ......................................................................................................3-52

Table 3.4-2 Pipeline Alternatives Considered and Analyzed in Detail...........................3-52

Table 3.4.2-1 Variations from the Draft EIS Adopted into the Proposed Route for 

the Pacific Connector Pipeline....................................................................3-61

Table 3.4.2.1-1 Comparisons of the Proposed Route With Coos Bay Route 

Variations....................................................................................................3-65

Table 3.4.2.2-1 Comparison of Pacific Connector’s Proposed Route and Blue Ridge 

Route Variation and Amended Blue Ridge Variation (MP 9.45 to 

21.6) ...........................................................................................................3-72

Table 3.4.2.3-1 Comparison of Big Creek/Spirit Mountain Route Variations to the 

Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 36 to MP 39) ................3-75

Table 3.4.2.4-1 Comparison of the Deep Creek Route Variation with the 

Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 46 to MP 48) ................3-76

Table 3.4.2.5-1 Comparison of Camus Valley East Route Variations with the 

Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 52.2 to MP 53) .............3-80

Table 3.4.2.6-1 Comparison of the Olalla/Dillard Route Variation With the 

Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 57 to MP 67) ................3-84

Table 3.4.2.10-1 Comparison of the Wood Creek/Days Creek Route Variation with the 

Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 82.7 to MP 82.2) ..........3-88

Table 3.4.2.11-1 Comparison of the OWL Southern Variation with the Corresponding 

Segment of Proposed Route (MPs 85.4 to 86.5)........................................3-91

Table 3.4.2.12-1 Comparison of the Umpqua National Forest Route Variations with 

the Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 104.8 to MP 

111.5) ........................................................................................................3-95

Table 3.4.2.14-1 Comparison of the C2 Cattle Company with the Corresponding 

Segment of Proposed Route ......................................................................3-98

Table 3.4.2.15-1 Comparison of Robinson Butte to Burton/Forest Service Roads 

Variations with the Corresponding Segment of Proposed Route (MP 

155 to MP 169).........................................................................................3-103

Table 3.4.2.16-1 Comparison of the PCT Variation South with the Corresponding 

Segment of Proposed Route (MP 167.6 to MP 168.2) .............................3-105

Table 3.4.2.17-1 Comparison of the Buck Lake/Keno Road and Clover Creek Road 

Route Variations with the Corresponding Segment of Proposed 

Route (MP 169 to MP 190).......................................................................3-110

Table 3.4.4-1 Minor Route Variations Incorporated into the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline Proposed Route..........................................................................3-114 
vii Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 3.4.5-1 Comparison of the Proposed Butte Falls Compressor Station Site 

with the Alternative Compressor Station Site near Trail, Oregon .............3-119

Table 4.1.3.2-1 Historical Earthquakes within 100 Miles of the Proposed Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ..................................................................................4.1-20

Table 4.1.3.2-2 Summary of Potential Liquefaction and Lateral Spreading Hazards .......4.1-24

Table 4.1.3.2-3 Summary of Scour Results using HEC-RAS ...........................................4.1-33

Table 4.1.3.2-4 Potential Mine Hazards Along the Proposed Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.1-37

Table 4.1.3.4-1. Summary of Blasting Potential Along the Proposed Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.1-41

Table 4.2.3-1 Acreages and Characteristics of Soils Affected by Construction of the 

Pacific Connector Pipeline.......................................................................4.2-15

Table 4.2.3-2 Summary of Soils Limitations – Pacific Connector Pipeline 

Aboveground Facilities ............................................................................4.2-16

Table 4.3.1.4-1 Wellhead Protection Areas That Would Be Crossed by the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ....................................................................................4.3-5

Table 4.3.1.4-2 List of Private Wells Within 200 Feet of the Proposed Pipeline.................4.3-6

Table 4.3.2.2-1 Designated Beneficial Uses for Basins Crossed by the Proposed 

Pacific Connector Pipeline.......................................................................4.3-14

Table 4.3.2.2-2 303(D) Category 5 Listed Waterbodies Crossed by the Proposed 

Pacific Connector Pipeline.......................................................................4.3-15

Table 4.3.2.4-1 Estimates of LNG Carrier Water Use and Use Rate While at Dock ........4.3-26

Table 4.3.2.5-1 Fifth-Field Watershed Crossed by Proposed Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.3-28

Table 4.3.2.5-2 Public Drinking Water Surface Water Source Areas that would be 

Crossed by the Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline.............................4.3-29

Table 4.3.2.5-3 Public Drinking Water Surface Water Intakes within 3 Miles 

Downstream of Proposed Waterbody Crossings for the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ..................................................................................4.3-30

Table 4.3.2.5-4 Potential Dust Control Water Sources for the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.3-37

Table 4.3.2.5-5 New Temporary and Permanent Access Roads Located within 100 

feet of Waterbodies .................................................................................4.3-46

Table 4.3.4.1-1 Fifth-Field Watersheds Crossed by the Pacific Connector Pipeline on 

Federal Lands..........................................................................................4.3-67

Table 4.3.4.1-2 Key Watersheds Crossed by the Proposed Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.3-70

Table 4.3.4.2-1 Criteria Established For The Riparian Management Area Land Use 

Allocation.................................................................................................4.3-73

Table 4.4.1-1 General Vegetation Types Affected by the Proposed Project (acres) .......4.4-2

Table 4.4.1.2-1 Invasive Weed Species Reported for Coos County which Could 

Potentially Occur within the LNG Terminal Site.......................................4.4-14 
viii Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.4.1.2-2 Impact on Vegetation Type from the Jordon Cove LNG Import 

Terminal...................................................................................................4.4-16

Table 4.4.1.2-3 Summary of Construction and Operation-Related Disturbance to 

Vegetation from the Jordan Cove LNG Import Terminal .........................4.4-17

Table 4.4.1.3-1 Oregon Target Weeds (Class T) within or Near the Proposed Project 

Area ........................................................................................................4.4-25

Table 4.4.1.3-2 Vegetation Cover Types Crossed by the Proposed Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.4-31

Table 4.4.1.3-3 Summary of Construction-Related Disturbance to Vegetation by the 

Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline (acres)..........................................4.4-33

Table 4.4.1.3-4 Summary of Operation-Related Disturbance to Vegetation by the 

Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline (acres)..........................................4.4-38

Table 4.4.1.3-5 Estimated Fragmentation within Forested, Woodland, Shrub, and 

Grassland Vegetation Due to the Proposed Pipeline Facilities 

Construction Right-of-Way ......................................................................4.4-43

Table 4.4.1.3-6 Summary of Noxious Weeds found Along the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline Route during 2007 .....................................................................4.4-44

Table 4.4.1.3-7 Summary of Known Infestations of Insect Parasites and Tree 

Diseases Along the Pacific Connector Pipeline Route............................4.4-46

Table 4.4.1.4-1 Riparian Management Area Calculations ................................................4.4-52

Table 4.4.1.4-2 Summary of Construction Impact to Plant Association Groups 

(PAGs) on Three National Forests Affected by the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.4-54

Table 4.4.1.4-3 Summary of Construction Impact to Forested Stands within Four 

BLM Districts Affected by the Pacific Connector Pipeline .......................4.4-57

Table 4.4.2.1-1 Merchantable Timber to be Cleared by Class and Age...........................4.4-60

Table 4.4.2.2-1 Estimated Merchantable Timber Volumes in MBF by Class and 

County within the Proposed Construction Work Areas on Federal 

Lands.......................................................................................................4.4-64

Table 4.5.1.1-1 FWS Birds of Conservation Concern for Bird Conservation Region 5 

(Northern Pacific Forest- U.S. Only), Timing of Potential Occurrence 

in the Project Area, and Expected Habitat.................................................4.5-3

Table 4.5.1.3-1 Designated Big Game Winter Range Crossed by the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ..................................................................................4.5-18

Table 4.5.1.3-2 Wildlife Habitat Types Crossed by the Pacific Connector Pipeline and 

Potential Number of Wildlife Species Associated with Habitats ..............4.5-20

Table 4.5.1.3-3 Summary of Construction-Related Disturbance to Habitat (acres)..........4.5-23

Table 4.5.1.3-4 Summary of Operation-Related Disturbance to Habitat by the 

Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline (acres)..........................................4.5-29

Table 4.5.1.3-5 Common Sound Levels for Equipment/Activities Potentially 

Associated with the Pacific Connector Pipeline.......................................4.5-35

Table 4.5.1.3-6 Acres of Habitat Types Impacted Within Big Game Winter Ranges by 

Construction and Operation of the Pacific Connector Pipeline................4.5-40

Table 4.5.1.4-1 Designated Late Successional Reserves Crossed by the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ..................................................................................4.5-44 
ix Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.5.1.4-1a Designated Late Successional Managmenet Areas Crossed by the 

Pacific Connector Pipeline.......................................................................4.5-46

Table 4.5.1.5-1 Snag Density Estimates on USFS Lands ................................................4.5-47

Table 4.5.2.1-1 Potential Impacts to EFH due to LNG Carrier Traffic Along the 

Waterway.................................................................................................4.5-65

Table 4.5.2.2-1 Potential Impacts to EFH due to LNG terminal, Slip, and Access 

Channel Construction and Operations ....................................................4.5-82

Table 4.5.2.3-1 Status Rating of Fish Populations by Major Subbasins Areas 

Crossed by the Proposed Pipeline ..........................................................4.5-89

Table 4.5.2.3-2 Pacific Connector Pipeline Approximate Associated Construction 

Disturbance and Aboveground Facilities and Their Potential Effects 

to Aquatic Resources ..............................................................................4.5-91

Table 4.5.2.3-3 Approximate Areas of Subtidal and Intertidal Habitats within the Coos 

Bay Estuary Directly Affected by Construction of the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ..................................................................................4.5-92

Table 4.5.2.3-4 Number of Streams (and ponds) crossed or adjacent to the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline, by Fish Status Category and Fifth Field 

Watershed ...............................................................................................4.5-96

Table 4.5.2.3-5 Areas of Habitats Within Riparian Areas on Non-Federal Land and 

Riparian Reserves and Riparian Management Areas on Federal 

Lands Affected by Construction of the Pacific Connector Pipeline a/....4.5-103

Table 4.5.2.3-6 Potential Impacts to EFH due to Pipeline Construction and Operation .4.5-112

Table 4.5.2.4-1 Number of Streams (and ponds) crossed or adjacent to the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline Route on Federal lands by fish status category 

within Each Fifth Field Watershed Coinciding with the Pacific 

Connector Project..................................................................................4.5-114

Table 4.5.2.4-2 Widths for Riparian Reserves on NFS Lands and Riparian 

Management Areas on BLM Lands that Have Not Been Previously 

Analyzed................................................................................................4.5-115

Table 4.5.2.4-3 Distances Crossed Within Riparian Areas And Total Acres Of 

Riparian Reserve (NFS) And Riparian Management Areas (BLM) 

Affected By The Pacific Connector Pipeline..........................................4.5-116

Table 4.6.1-1. Federally Listed Species Potentially Occurring in the Proposed 

Project Area...............................................................................................4.6-2 

Table 4.6.1.1-1 Ship Strike Rates of Federally Listed Whales Potentially Occurring in 

the LNG Carrier Transit Route...................................................................4.6-8

Table 4.6.1.2-1 Threshold Distances Where Noise Disturbances Are Unlikely to 

Occur to Nesting Marbled Murrelets during the Breeding Season ..........4.6-22

Table 4.6.1.2-2 Number of Occupied or Presumed Occupied stands within the 

Marbled Murrelet Zones with Expected Disturbances from Noise 

Associated with Activities Proposed........................................................4.6-23

Table 4.6.1.2-3 Effects (acres) to MAMU Nesting Habitat by Land Use Allocation and 

Land Ownership from Construction of the Pacific Connector Pipeline 

within MAMU Zones 1 and 2 ...................................................................4.6-25
x Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.6.1.2-4 Permanent Effects (acres) to MAMU Nesting Habitat by Land Use 

Allocation and Land Ownership from Maintenance of the Pacific 

Connector 30-foot Corridor within MAMU Habitat Zones 1 and 2 ...........4.6-27

Table 4.6.1.2-5 Summary of Effects to Marbled Murrelet Suitable or Potentially 

Suitable Nesting Habitat within Marbled Murrelet Zones 1 and 2 

within the Defined Terrestrial Nesting Action Area as a Result of the 

Proposed Project.....................................................................................4.6-29

Table 4.6.1.2-6 Potential MAMU Habitat by Jurisdiction and Known, Presumed 

Occupied, and Unlikely to be Occupied Stands ......................................4.6-34

Table 4.6.1.2-7 Summary of Impacts to MAMU Suitable or Potentially Suitable 

Habitat within Critical Habitat Units Located within the Terrestrial 

Nesting Action Area.................................................................................4.6-36

Table 4.6.1.2-7a Summary of Impacts to MAMU Suitable or Potentially Suitable 

Habitat within Late Successional Management Areas Located within 

the Terrestrial Nesting Action Area..........................................................4.6-36

Table 4.6.1.2-9 Projections of Distances for Blasting Noise to Attenuate to 92 dBA 

Under Different Conditions ......................................................................4.6-45

Table 4.6.1.2-10 Number of NSO Sites within the Action Area in Relation to Proposed 

Pipeline Project Disturbance ...................................................................4.6-46

Table 4.6.1.2-11 Summary of Effects to NSO Suitable Habitat on Federal and NonFederal Lands within the Defined Provincial Analysis Area as a 

Result of the Proposed Pipeline Project..................................................4.6-48

Table 4.6.1.2-12 Number of NSO Home Ranges by Physiographic Province that would 

Experience Additional Fragmentation (i.e., forested patches crossed 

by Pacific Connector pipeline).................................................................4.6-51

Table 4.6.1.2-13 Direct and Indirect Effects from Construction of the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline to Interior Forests Outside of LSRs and LSMAs, Outside of 

NSO Critical Habitat and Outside of Marbled Murrelet Critical Habitat ...4.6-51

Table 4.6.1.2-14 Direct and Indirect Effects from Construction of the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline to Interior Forests ≥80 Years Old within NSO Critical Habitat 

that Overlaps with Marbled Murrelet Critical Habitat and LSRs ..............4.6-56 

Table 4.6.2-1 State-Listed Species Potentially Occurring in the Proposed Project 

Area.......................................................................................................4.6-103

Table 4.6.4-1 BLM and USFS Sensitive Species that would likely be Impacted by 

the Project and are Addressed in the Biological Evaluation..................4.6-112

Table 4.6.4-2 Numbers of BLM and USFS Special Status Species within the Seven 

BLM Districts and National Forests Crossed by the Proposed Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ................................................................................4.6-114

Table 4.7.1.3-1 Structures within Zones of Concern Along the Waterway for LNG 

Marine Traffic.............................................................................................4.7-8

Table 4.7.2.1-1 Land Use at the Proposed Jordan Cove LNG Import Terminal...............4.7-11

Table 4.7.2.2-1 Structures Within Two Miles of the Proposed Jordan Cove LNG 

Terminal...................................................................................................4.7-14

Table 4.7.3.1-1 Acres of Land Affected by Construction and Operation of the Pacific 

Connector Project....................................................................................4.7-36 
xi Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.7.3.2-1 Land Ownership Crossed by the Pacific Connector Pipeline (in miles)...4.7-38

Table 4.7.4-1 Federal Lands Affected by the Pacific Connector Pipeline......................4.7-66

Table 4.7.4-2 Land Management and Land Use Activities Prohibited or Restricted 

on the Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline Right-of-Way .....................4.7-67

Table 4.7.4.1-1 Acreages of BLM Lands Required for Construction and Operation of 

the Pacific Connector Pipeline.................................................................4.7-69

Table 4.7.4.1-2 Acreages of NFS Lands Required for Construction and Operation of 

the Pacific Connector Pipeline.................................................................4.7-70

Table 4.7.4.1-3 Acreages of BOR Lands Required for Construction and Operation of 

the Pacific Connector Pipeline.................................................................4.7-71

Table 4.7.4.2-1 NWFP Land Allocations – Miles Crossed by the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.7-72

Table 4.7.4.2-2 December 2008 RMPs Land Use Allocations Crossed by the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline, by BLM District (in miles) ........................................4.7-77

Table 4.7.4.2-3 December 2008 RMPs Land Use Allocations Impacted by the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline Project, by BLM District (in acres)............................4.7-77

Table 4.7.4.2-4 Federally Managed O&C Lands, Coos Bay Wagon Road Lands and 

Reserved Public Domain Land Crossed by the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.7-80

Table 4.7.4.4-1 Crosswalk Between Visual Quality Objectives, Scenic Integrity 

Objectives, and Scenic Integrity Levels...................................................4.7-87

Table 4.7.4.4-2 USFS Visual Management System Visual Quality Objectives 

Crossed by Pacific Connector Pipeline, by Milepost ...............................4.7-88

Table 4.7.4.4-3 BLM Visual Resource Management Classes ..........................................4.7-91

Table 4.7.4.4-4 BLM Visual Resource Management System VRM Classes Crossed 

by Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline, by Milepost ......................................4.7-93

Table 4.8.1.1-1 Population in the Counties and Communities along the Waterway for 

LNG Marine Traffic ....................................................................................4.8-1

Table 4.8.1.9-1 Race and Ethnicity in Communities along the Waterway for LNG 

Marine Traffic...........................................................................................4.8-10

Table 4.8.2.4-1 Economic Impacts of the LNG Terminal Operation and Associated 

Vessel Services (Income and Jobs) ........................................................4.8-15

Table 4.8.3.1-1 Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics for the Project Area ................4.8-21

Table 4.8.3.2-1 Project Area Housing Units, 2000 ...........................................................4.8-22

Table 4.8.3.2-2 Project Area Rental Housing, Motel Rooms, and RV Hookups...............4.8-23

Table 4.8.3.2-3 Estimated Housing Demand by Pacific Connector Workers by 

Housing Type ..........................................................................................4.8-24

Table 4.8.3.4-1 Project Area Employment by Economic Sector, 2004.............................4.8-26

Table 4.8.3.4-2 Components of Per Capita Income, 2004 ...............................................4.8-27

Table 4.8.3.4-3 Economic Impacts of Pacific Connector Pipeline Construction...............4.8-28

Table 4.8.3.4-4 Economic Impacts of Pacific Connector Pipeline Operation, 2013 to 

2062.........................................................................................................4.8-29

Table 4.8.3.5-1 Estimated Tax Revenues from Construction of the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.8-30
xii Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.8.3.5-2 Estimated Annual Tax Revenues from Operation of the Pacific 

Connector Pipeline ..................................................................................4.8-30

Table 4.8.3.6-1 Law Enforcement and Fire Protection Resources by County..................4.8-31

Table 4.8.3.6-2 Number of Hospitals and Beds in the Project Area .................................4.8-32

Table 4.8.3.6-3 Number of School Districts and Student Enrollment in the Project 

Area for the 2006-2007 School Year.......................................................4.8-32

Table 4.8.3.6-4 Utilities Crossed by the Pipeline by County.............................................4.8-33

Table 4.8.3.6-5 Potential Landfills and Recycling Facilities Available for Solid Waste 

Disposal During Construction of the Pacific Connector Pipeline.............4.8-34

Table 4.8.3.7-1 Travel Spending, Earnings, and Employment, 2005 ...............................4.8-36

Table 4.8.3.10-1 Race and Ethnicity in Counties Crossed by the Pacific Connector 

Pipeline....................................................................................................4.8-38

Table 4.8.4.1-1 Financial Efficiency Analysis of the Pacific Connector Project................4.8-40

Table 4.9.3.3-1 Total Miles of Existing Roads Proposed for Use Within Federal 

Lands.......................................................................................................4.9-18

Table 4.10.1.2-1 Native American Consultations ...............................................................4.10-5

Table 4.10.2.4-1 Summary of Archaeological Sites Identified on BLM and NFS lands....4.10-18

Table 4.11.1.1-1 Ambient Air Quality, National Ambient Air Quality Standards and 

PSD Increments ......................................................................................4.11-3

Table 4.11.1.1-2 Oregon SO2 Ambient Air Quality Standards............................................4.11-3

Table 4.11.1.1-3 LNG Carrier Transit Time Summary........................................................4.11-6

Table 4.11.1.1-4 Estimates of Hourly Emissions from Vessels in Waterway a/ .................4.11-7

Table 4.11.1.1-5 Estimates of Annual Emissions from Vessels in Waterway (Transit) ......4.11-8

Table 4.11.1.2-1 Oregon Significant Emission Rates and Terminal Potential to Emit......4.11-14 

Table 4.11.1.2-2 Terminal Construction – Total (Exhaust and Evaporative) Emissions 

(PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC, and HAP)..................................................4.11-17

Table 4.11.1.2-3 Terminal Construction – Total (Exhaust and Evaporative) Emissions 

of Greenhouse Gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O) .........................................4.11-17

Table 4.11.1.2-4 Terminal Operation – Initial Estimates of Potential to Emit from 

Stationary Sources (PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC, Total HAP) ................4.11-19

Table 4.11.1.2-5 Terminal Operation – Initial Estimates of Potential to Emit from 

Mobile Sources (PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC, Total HAP) ......................4.11-19

Table 4.11.1.2-6 Terminal Operation - Potential to Emit Greenhouse Gases (CO2, 

CH4, N2O) ..............................................................................................4.11-20

Table 4.11.1.2-7 Maximum Air Quality Impacts from Land-Based Terminal Sources 

and LNG Tankers ..................................................................................4.11-21

Table 4.11.1.2-8 Maximum Air Quality Impacts from Land-Based Terminal Sources 

and Vessels (While Stationary) at 50 km...............................................4.11-21

Table 4.11.1.3-1 2006 Ambient Air Quality Data from Jackson and Klamath Counties ...4.11-22

Table 4.11.1.3-2 Compressor Station Construction - Exhaust and Fugitive Emissions 

of Criteria Pollutants and HAP...............................................................4.11-26

Table 4.11.1.3-3 Compressor Station Construction - Exhaust Emissions of 

Greenhouse Gases ...............................................................................4.11-26
xiii Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.11.1.3-4 Pipeline Construction - Exhaust and Fugitive Emissions of Criteria 

Pollutants and HAP ...............................................................................4.11-26

Table 4.11.1.3-5 Pipeline Construction - Emissions of Greenhouse Gases.....................4.11-27

Table 4.11.1.3-6 Criteria Pollutant and HAP Emissions from Open Burning of Slash a/..4.11-28

Table 4.11.1.3-7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Open Burning of Slash ....................4.11-28

Table 4.11.1.3-8 Compressor Station Operation - Potential to Emit for Exhaust Criteria 

Pollutants and HAPs..............................................................................4.11-28

Table 4.11.1.3-9 Compressor Station Operation - Potential to Emit for Exhaust 

Greenhouse Gases ...............................................................................4.11-29

Table 4.11.1.3-10 Compressor Station Operation - Potential to Emit for Fugitive VOC 

and Greenhouse Gases ........................................................................4.11-29

Table 4.11.1.3-11 Pipeline Operation - Potential to Emit for Fugitive VOC and 

Greenhouse Gases ...............................................................................4.11-29

Table 4.11.2.2-1 Oregon Noise Limits For Industrial and Commercial Noise Sources ....4.11-33

Table 4.11.2.2-2 Octave Band Noise Limits For Industrial and Commercial Noise 

Sources .................................................................................................4.11-33

Table 4.11.2.4-1 Ambient Noise Levels for the Proposed LNG Terminal Measured at 

Nearby NSAs.........................................................................................4.11-36

Table 4.11.2.4-2 Predicted Operational Noise Impacts of the LNG Terminal...................4.11-39

Table 4.11.2.4-3 Summary of Ldn Levels, HDD Drilling from West Side of the Coos 

River ......................................................................................................4.11-42

Table 4.11.2.4-4 Summary of Ldn Levels, HDD Drilling from East Side of the Coos 

River ......................................................................................................4.11-43

Table 4.11.2.4-5 Summary of Ldn Levels, HDD Drilling from West Side of the Rogue 

River ......................................................................................................4.11-44

Table 4.11.2.4-6 Summary of Ldn Levels, HDD Drilling from East Side of the Rogue 

River ......................................................................................................4.11-44

Table 4.11.2.4-7 Summary of Ldn Levels, HDD Drilling from West Side of the Klamath 

River ......................................................................................................4.11-45

Table 4.11.2.4-8 Summary of Ldn Levels, HDD Drilling from East Side of the Klamath 

River ......................................................................................................4.11-46

Table 4.11.4.2-9 Predicted Operational Noise Impacts of the Butte Falls Compressor 

Station ...................................................................................................4.11-48

Table 4.12.4.3-1 Impoundment Areas ..............................................................................4.12-18

Table 4.12.4.4-1 Thermal Exclusion Zones......................................................................4.12-20

Table 4.12.5.3-1 Minimum Striking Speed to Penetrate LNG Cargo Tanks .....................4.12-35

Table 4.12.5.3-2 LNG Spills on Water from a 140,000 m3 LNG Carrier (using ABSG 

Methodology).........................................................................................4.12-39

Table 4.12.10.1-1 DOT Class Locations for the Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline......4.12-54

Table 4.12.10.1-2 High Consequence Areas Crossed by and Adjacent to the Proposed 

Pacific Connector Pipeline.....................................................................4.12-56

Table 4.12.10.2-1 Natural Gas Service Incidents by Cause...............................................4.12-59

Table 4.12.10.2-2 Outside Forces Incidents by Cause (1970-1984)..................................4.12-60
xiv Table of Contents 

LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) 

Table 4.12.10.2-3 External Corrosion by Level of Control (1970-1984) .............................4.12-61

Table 4.12.10.3-1 Annual Average Fatalities - Natural Gas Transmission and Gathering 

Systems.................................................................................................4.12-62

Table 4.12.10.3-2 Nationwide Accidental Deaths...............................................................4.12-63

Table 4.13.1-1 Current or Proposed Activities Cumulatively Potentially Affecting 

Resources of Concern.............................................................................4.13-4

Table 4.13.2-1 Cumulative Acres Impacted by Watershed ...........................................4.13-14
xv Table of Contents 

LIST OF FIGURES 

Figure 1-1. General Location Map of Proposed Facilities...............................................1-6

Figure 2.1-1. Proposed LNG Carrier Transit Route ...........................................................2-3

Figure 2.1-2. Coos Bay Navigation Channel and Other Features in the Vicinity of 

Proposed LNG Terminal...............................................................................2-4

Figure 2.1-3. Typical Membrane Type LNG Carrier...........................................................2-9

Figure 2.1-4. Typical Designs for an LNG Ships..............................................................2-10

Figure 2.1-5. Jordan Cove Project Location Map ............................................................2-15

Figure 2.1-6. General Location of Port Component, LNG Terminal, and PCGP 

(Western Portion) and Dredged Material Placement Sites.........................2-16

Figure 2.1-7. Plot Plan of the LNG Terminal....................................................................2-18

Figure 2.1-8. Plot Plan of the Marine Facilities ................................................................2-19

Figure 2.1-9. Plot Plan of the Marine Berth......................................................................2-20

Figure 2.1-10. Marine Berth – Elevation View ...................................................................2-22

Figure 2.1-11. Marine Berth – Section View ......................................................................2-23

Figure 2.1-12. Typical LNG Storage Tank .........................................................................2-26

Figure 2.1-13. Location of Port Site Dredged Slurry Pipelines ..........................................2-38

Figure 2.1-14. Location of Coos Bay Entrance Site F Dredged Material Disposal ............2-41

Figure 2.1-15. Example Compressor Station and Meter Station .......................................2-47

Figure 2.1-16. Example Pig Launcher and Mainline Valve ................................................2-48

Figure 2.1-17. General Location Map of Proposed and Existing Gas Control 

Communication Towers..............................................................................2-55

Figure 2.2-1. Nonjurisdictional Natural Gas Liquids Recovery at the Proposed 

Jordan Cove LNG Terminal........................................................................2-57

Figure 2.3-1. Typical Pipeline Right-of-Way Cross Section .............................................2-65

Figure 2.4-1. Typical Pipeline Construction Sequence....................................................2-85

Figure 2.7-1. Right-of-Way Vegetation Maintenance in Forested Areas .......................2-113

Figure 2.7-2. Right-of-Way Vegetation Maintenance in Riparian Areas ........................2-114

Figure 3.3-1. Potential Ports for an LNG Import Terminal ...............................................3-31

Figure 3.3-2. Potential LNG Terminal Sites in the Coos Bay Area ..................................3-34

Figure 3.3-3. Potential Dredged Material Disposal Sites Evaluated by the Port..............3-43

Figure 3.4-1. Major Alternative Segments .......................................................................3-55

Figure 3.4-2. Coos Bay Alternatives ................................................................................3-63

Figure 3.4-3. Blue Ridge Route Variation (MP 8.9 to MP 21.6) .......................................3-70

Figure 3.4-4. Big Creek/Spirit Mountain Route Variations (MP 36 to MP 39) ..................3-74

Figure 3.4-5. Deep Creek Route Variation (MP 46 to MP 48) .........................................3-77

Figure 3.4-6. Camus Valley East Route Variations (MP 52.2 to 53.0).............................3-79

Figure 3.4-7. Olalla Dillard Route Variation (MP 57 to MP 67) ........................................3-83

Figure 3.4-8. Wood Creek/Days Creek Route Variation (MP 82.7 to MP 89.2)...............3-87

Figure 3.4-9. Oregon Women’s Land Trust Route Variation (MP 85.3 to MP 86.4) ........3-90
xvi Table of Contents 

LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) 

Figure 3.4-10. Umpqua National Forest Route Variations (MP 105 to MP 112)................3-94

Figure 3.4-11. C-2 Cattle Company Route Variation (MP144.2 to MP 145.1) .................3-100

Figure 3.4-12. Robinson Butte to Burton Butte Route Variations (MP 155 to MP 169)

..................................................................................................................3-102

Figure 3.4-13. Pacific Crest Trail Route Variation (MP 167.6 to MP 168.1) ....................3-107

Figure 3.4-14. Buck Lake/Keno Road and Clover Creek Road Route Variations 

(MP 170.9 to MP 188.8) ...........................................................................3-109

Figure 3.4-15. Alternative Compressor Station Site.........................................................3-118

Figure 4.2-1. Dredged Material Management Units and Bore Locations......................4.2-12

Figure 4.3-1. Wetlands Along the Waterway ................................................................4.3-53

Figure 4.4-1. Vegetation Along the Waterway ................................................................4.4-3

Figure 4.4-2. Construction Impact to Vegetation Habitat................................................4.4-9

Figure 4.5-1. Essential Fish Habitat Along the Waterway within United States 

Territorial Waters.....................................................................................4.5-62

Figure 4.5-2. Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Within Proposed Slip and Access 

Channel ...................................................................................................4.5-68

Figure 4.5-3. Aquatic Habitat Affected by Proposed Slip and Access Channel............4.5-70

Figure 4.6-1. Trend of MAMU Densities off the Coast of Northern CaliforniaSouthern Oregon, from 2000-2007, and Forecast through 2011 (with 

95 percent prediction interval) Based on the Observed Trend ................4.6-32

Figure 4.6-2 Frequency Distribution of Patches of Interior Forests ≥ 80 Years Old 

Affected by the Proposed Pacific Connector Pipeline .............................4.6-50

Figure 4.7-1. Structures within the Zones of Concern of the LNG Ship Transit 

Route.........................................................................................................4.7-3

Figure 4.7-2. Recreational Areas Within the Zones of Concern Along the 

Waterway for LNG Marine Traffic ..............................................................4.7-7

Figure 4.7-3. Existing Land Use of the LNG Terminal Site Area ..................................4.7-10

Figure 4.7-4. Costal Zone Management Area...............................................................4.7-13

Figure 4.7-5. Structures Within Two Miles of the JCEP Site.........................................4.7-15

Figure 4.7-6. Recreational Site Map .............................................................................4.7-20

Figure 4.7-7. KOP-T1. Weyerhaeuser North Spit Overlook. Existing and 

Simulated Views of the LNG Terminal from the Weyerhaeuser North 

Spit Overlook...........................................................................................4.7-24

Figure 4.7-8. KOP-T2. Trans-Pacific Parkway. Existing and Simulated Views of 

the LNG Terminal from the Trans-Pacific Parkway .................................4.7-25

Figure 4.7-9. KOP-T3. Beach Campground, Parking, and Staging Area. Existing 

and Simulated Views of the LNG Terminal from the Horsfall Beach 

Campground............................................................................................4.7-26

Figure 4.7-10. KOP-T4. Highway 101 North of the Intersection with the TransPacific Parkway. Existing and Simulated Views of the LNG Terminal 

from Highway 101....................................................................................4.7-27
xvii Table of Contents 

LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) 

Figure 4.7-11. KOP-T5. Highway 101 on the North Side of the McCullough Bridge. 

Existing and Simulated Views of the LNG Terminal from Highway 

101 on the North Side of McCullough Bridge ..........................................4.7-28

Figure 4.7-12. KOP-T6. Highway 101 on the South Side of the McCullough Bridge. 

Existing and Simulated Views of the LNG Terminal from Highway 

101 on the South Side of McCullough Bridge..........................................4.7-30

Figure 4.7-13. KOP-T7. Airport Lane in North Bend. Existing and Simulated Views 

of the LNG Terminal from Airport Lane ...................................................4.7-31

Figure 4.7-14. KOP-T8. Boat Launch near Michigan Avenue in Empire. Existing 

and Simulated Views of the LNG Terminal from the Boat Launch 

near Michigan Avenue in Empire, Oregon...............................................4.7-32

Figure 4.7-15. KOP-T9. Pier Near Industrial Facilities Near the South End of the 

Trans-Pacific Parkway. Existing and Simulated Views of the LNG 

Terminal from the Pier near the Southern End of the Trans-Pacific 

Highway...................................................................................................4.7-33

Figure 4.7-16. KOP-T10. Pier Near Industrial Facilities Near the South End of the 

Trans-Pacific Parkway. Existing and Simulated Views of the LNG 

Terminal from the BLM North Spit Boat Launch Area .............................4.7-34

Figure 4.7-17. USFS VQOs and BLM-VRM Classes for the Project Area and 

Locations of KOPs for the Western Segment of the Pipeline (MP 0-

80) ...........................................................................................................4.7-47

Figure 4.7-18. USFS VQOs and BLM-VRM Classes for the Project Area and 

Locations of KOPs for the Central Segment of the Pipeline (MP 80-

160) .........................................................................................................4.7-48

Figure 4.7-19. USFS VQOs and BLM-VRM Classes for the Project Area and 

Locations of KOPs for the Eastern Segment of the Pipeline (MP 160-

231) .........................................................................................................4.7-49

Figure 4.7-20. KOP-P2. Trail Post Office (Near MP 123). Existing Conditions (top) 

and Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way as viewed from 

the Trail Post office, Year 0 .....................................................................4.7-51

Figure 4.7-21. KOP-P2. Trail Post Office (Near MP 123). Simulated Views of the 

Pipeline Right-of-Way as viewed from the Trail Post office, Year 5 

(top) and Year 25.....................................................................................4.7-52

Figure 4.7-22. KOP-P3. Highway 140 near Little Butte Creek (MP 145.6). Existing 

Conditions (top) and Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way at 

the Highway 140 Crossing, Year 0 ..........................................................4.7-54

Figure 4.7-23. KOP-P3. Highway 140 near Little Butte Creek (MP 145.6). 

Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way at the Highway 140 

Crossing, Year 5 (top) and Year 25.........................................................4.7-55

Figure 4.7-24. KOP-P4. Big Elk Road (Forest Road 37, MP 161.4). Existing 

Conditions (top) and Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way at 

the Big Elk Road (Forest Road 37) Crossing, Year 0..............................4.7-56
xviii Table of Contents 

LIST OF FIGURES (CONTINUED) 

Figure 4.7-25. KOP-P4. Big Elk Road (Forest Road 37, MP 161.4). Simulated 

Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way at the Big Elk Road (Forest Road 

37) Crossing, Year 5 (top) and Year 25...................................................4.7-57

Figure 4.7-26. KOP-P5. Clover Creek Road (MP 172.2). Existing Conditions (top) 

and Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way from along Clover 

Creek Road, Long View, Year 0 ..............................................................4.7-58

Figure 4.7-27. KOP-P5. Clover Creek Road (MP 172.2). Simulated Views of the 

Pipeline Right-of-Way from along Clover Creek Road, Long View, 

Year 5 (top) and Year 25.........................................................................4.7-59

Figure 4.7-28. KOP-P6. Clover Creek Road (MP 176.8). Existing Conditions (top) 

and Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way from along Clover 

Creek Road near Spencer Creek, Year 0................................................4.7-61

Figure 4.7-29. KOP-P6. Clover Creek Road (MP 176.8). Simulated Views of the 

Pipeline Right-of-Way from along Clover Creek Road near Spencer 

Creek, Year 5 (top) and Year 25 .............................................................4.7-62

Figure 4.7-30. KOP-P7. Clover Creek Road (MP 170.1). Existing Conditions (top) 

and Simulated Views of the Pipeline Right-of-Way Adjacent to Clover 

Creek Road, Long View. Year 0 ..............................................................4.7-63

Figure 4.7-31. KOP-P7. Clover Creek Road (MP 170.1). Simulated Views of the 

Pipeline Right-of-Way Adjacent to Clover Creek Road, Long View, 

Year 5 (top) and Year 25.........................................................................4.7-64

Figure 4.8-1. Population Density Along the Waterway ...................................................4.8-3

Figure 4.9-1 Roads in the Vicinity of the Proposed LNG Terminal ................................4.9-4

Figure 4.11-1. Noise Sensitive Areas in the Vicinity of the Proposed LNG Terminal 

Site ........................................................................................................4.11-35

Figure 4.11-2. Estimated Noise Levels From General Construction Activities at the 

LNG Terminal Site .................................................................................4.11-37

Figure 4.11-3. Estimated Noise Levels From Pile Driving at the Berth Area ................4.11-38

Figure 4.11-4. Estimated Noise Levels From LNG Terminal Operations......................4.11-40

Figure 4.11-5. Predicted Leq Noise Contours at Butte Falls Compressor Station........4.11-49

Figure 4.12-1. Thermal Radiation Zones ......................................................................4.12-19

Figure 4.12-2. Vapor Dispersion Zones........................................................................4.12-21
xix Table of Contents 

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

°C degrees Celsius 

°F degrees Fahrenheit 

μg/m3

 micrograms per cubic meter 

AAR Applied Archaeological Research, Inc. 

ABSG ABSG Consulting Inc. 

ACDP Standard Air Contaminant Discharge Permit 

ACEC Area of Critical Environmental Concern 

ACHP Advisory Council on Historic Preservation 

ACS Aquatic Conservation Strategy 

ACU Administrative Conditional Use 

AIA annual instrument approach 

AIRFA American Indian Religious Freedom Act 

AIS Automatic Information System 

ANSI American National Standards Institute 

AOC area of concern 

APE area of potential effect 

API American Petroleum Institute 

Applicants Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector 

AQCR Air Quality Control Regions 

AQRV Air Quality-Related Values 

ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency 

ARPA Archaeological Resource Protection Act 

ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 

ASL above sea level 

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers 

ATON area lighting facilities, navigation aids 

ATV all-terrain vehicle 

Avista Avista Corporation 

BA biological assessment 

BAC Byram Archaeological Consulting, LLC 

Baker Institute James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy 

BBS Breeding Bird Survey 

bgs below ground surface 

BIA U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs 

BLM U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management 

BMP best management practice 

BO biological opinion 

BOG boil-off gas 

BOR U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

BPA Bonneville Power Administration 

Bscfd Billion standard cubic feet per day 

Btu /ft2

/hr British thermal units per square foot per hour 

Btu British thermal units 

BVA block valve 

Byram Byram Archaeological Consulting LLC 

C carbon 

C-2 C-2 Cattle Company 
xx Table of Contents 

CAA Clean Air Act 

CAL Citizens Against LNG 

Calpine Calpine Corporation 

CBC Christmas Bird Count 

CBEMP Coos Bay Estuary Management Plan 

CBNBWB Coos Bay North Bend Water Board 

CBWR Lands Coos Bay Wagon Road Lands 

CCM concrete cellular mattress 

CCS carbon capture and storage 

CDF confined disposal area 

CEC California Energy Commission 

CEQ Council on Environmental Quality 

Certificate Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

Chevron Chevron Corporation 

CHU critical habitat unit 

CLC California State Lands Commission 

CM channel mile 

CMMS computerized maintenance management system 

CMP compensatory mitigation program 

CMP Compensatory Mitigation Program 

CMZ Channel Migration Zone 

CO carbon monoxide 

CO2 carbon dioxide 

Coast Guard U.S. Coast Guard 

COC Certificate of Compliance 

COE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

COI Certificate of Inspection 

Commission Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 

Conservancy Southern Oregon Land Conservancy 

Coos Tribes Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua, and Siuslaw Indians 

Costa Azul Costa Azul LNG terminal 

COTP Captain of the Port 

Cow Creek Tribe Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians 

CPR cardio-pulmonary resuscitation 

CRITFC Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission 

CSA conservation support area 

CSZ Cascadia Subduction Zone 

CWA Clean Water Act 

cy cubic yard 

CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act 

DA Development Aquatic 

DAT Deposition Analysis Threshold 

dB decibel 

dBA A-weighted decibels 

dbh diameter at breast height 

DBV/PERC double ball valve and powered emergency release coupling 

DCS distributed control system 

DE Design Earthquake 

DEA David Evans & Associates, Inc. 
xxi Table of Contents 

DEGADIS dense gas dispersion model 

DEM digital elevation model 

DMEF Dredged Material Evaluation Framework 

DMMU Dredged Material Management Unit 

DOD U.S. Department of Defense 

DOE U.S. Department of Energy 

DOGAMI Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries 

DOT U.S. Department of Transportation 

DPS Distinct Population Segments 

Dth decatherm 

Dth/d decatherms per day 

EAO Environmental Assessment Office 

ECRP Pacific Connector’s Erosion Control and Revegetation Plan 

ECSI Enviornmental Cleanup Site Information 

EEZ economic exclusion zone 

EFH essential fish habitat 

EFSC Oregon Energy Facility Siting Council 

EI Environmental Inspector 

EIA Energy Information Administration 

EIS environmental impact statement 

El Paso El Paso Corporation 

EO Executive Order 

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

EPAct Energy Policy Act of 2005 

EPIC Environmental Protection Information Center 

ERP emergency response plan 

ESA Endangered Species Act 

ESCP Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan 

ESD emergency shutdown 

Esperanza Esperanza Energy, LLC 

ESU Evolutionarily Significant Units 

Excelerate Excelerate Energy, LLC 

FAA Federal Aviation Administration 

FC foot candle 

FCC Federal Communications Commission 

FEED front-end engineering design 

FEL Family Emissions Limits 

FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency 

FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 

Finavera Finavera Renewables Ocean Energy, Ltd. 

FLPMA Federal Land and Policy Management Act of 1976 

FMP fishery management plans 

FMSC Federal Maritime Security Council 

FOI Forest Operations Inventory 

fps foot per second 

FSO Facility Security Officer 

FSRU Floating storage and regasification unit 

ft3

/min cubic feet per minute 

FWS U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service 

FY04 Fiscal Year 2004 
xxii Table of Contents 

GAO U.S. General Accounting Office 

GBS gravity-based structure 

GHG greenhouse gases 

GIS geographic information system 

GMA Groundwater Management Area 

gpd gallons per day 

gpm gallons per minute 

gr/scf grains per standard cubic foot 

Grand Ronde Tribes Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Reservation 

GRI GRI Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants 

GTN Gas Transmissions Northwest Corporation 

GW gigawatt 

GWA Groundwater Management Area 

GWP global warming potential 

HAP Hazardous Air Pollutant 

HAZOP hazardous operation 

HCA High Consequence Area 

HCM Highway Capacity Manual 

HDD horizontal directional drill 

HDPE high-density polyethylene 

HEC-RAS Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System 

HMP Habitat Mitigation Policy 

HMU Herd Management Unit 

hp horsepower 

HPS high pressure sodium 

HRA Historical Research Associates, Inc. 

HU hydrologic unit 

I/O input/output 

I-5 Interstate 5 

IBC International Building Code 

ICF ICF International 

IF Importance Factor 

IGCC integrated gasification combined cycle 

IMO International Maritime Organization 

IMP Integrity Management Program 

INGAA Interstate Natural Gas Association of America 

IP Implementation Plan 

IRA Inventories Roadless Area 

ISPS Code International Ship and Port Facility Security Code 

IWP Industrial Waste Pond 

JCE & PCGP Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 

Jordan Cove Jordan Cove Energy Project L.P. 

Jordan Cove’s Plan Jordan Cove’s Upland Erosion Control, Revegetation, and Maintenance Plan 

Jordan Cove’s Procedures Jordan Cove’s Wetland and Waterbody Construction and Mitigation Procedures

JPA Joint Permit Application 

km kilometer 

KOP key observation point 

kPa kilopascals 

kV kilovolt 

kVa kilovolt amperes 
xxiii Table of Contents 

kW kilowatt 

kWh kilowatt-hour 

Latgawa Tribe Latgawa Native American Indian Tribe 

lb/MWh pound per megawatt-hour 

LCFRB Lower Columbia Fish Recovery Board 

LDC local distribution company 

Levy Lloyd Levy Consulting, LLC 

LFL lower flammable limit 

LM locomotive and marine 

LNG liquefied natural gas 

LOI Letter of Intent 

LOR Letter of Recommendation 

LOS level of service 

LRMP Land and Resource Management Plan 

LSR Late Successional Reserve 

LSRMA Late-Succesional Reserve Management Area 

LUBA Oregon Land Use Board of Appeals 

LUCS land use compatibility statement 

LWD large woody debris 

m/s meters per second 

m2

 square meter 

m3

 cubic meters 

m3

/hr cubic meters per hour 

m3

/yr cubic meters per year 

MACT Maximum Achievable Control Technology 

MAMU marbled murrelet 

MAOP maximum allowable operating pressure 

MARAD U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration 

MARSEC Maritime Security 

MBF thousand board feet 

MBTA Migratory Bird Treat Act 

MCE Maximum Considered Earthquake 

mcf thousand cubic feet 

mcfd thousand cubic feet per day 

mcy million cubic yards 

MEPC Marine Environment Protection Committee 

mg/l milligram per liter 

mg/l milligram per liter 

mgd million gallons per day 

MHHW mean higher high water 

MIIH May Impact Individuals or Habitat 

mL milliliter 

MLA Mineral Leasing Act 

MLLW mean lower low water 

MLRA Major Land Resource Area 

MLV mainline block valve 

mm millimeter 

MMBtu million British thermal units 

MMBtu/hr million British thermal units per hour 

MMPA Marine Mammal Protection Act 
xxiv Table of Contents 

MOA Memorandum of Agreement 

MOCA managed owl conservation area 

MOU Memorandum of Understanding 

MP milepost 

MPRSA Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuary Act 

MSA Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act 

Mscfd million standard cubic feet per day 

MSL mean sea level 

Mw maximum moment magnitude 

MW megawatt 

MWh megawatt-hour 

N2O nitrous oxide 

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards 

NAGPRA Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act 

NAICS North American Industry Classification System 

NAS Non-indigenous aquatic species 

NAVD88 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act 

NESHAP National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants 

NF National Forest 

NFPA National Fire Protection Association 

NFS National Forest System 

NGA Natural Gas Act 

NGL natural gas liquids 

NHPA National Historic Preservation Act 

NMFS National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries 

Service 

NMHC non-methane hydrocarbon 

nmi nautical mile 

NNSR Nonattainment New Source Review 

NO2 nitrogen dioxide 

NOA Notice of Availability 

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

NOI Notice of Intent 

NorthernStar Bradwood Landing LLC and NorthernStar Energy LLC 

NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System 

NPL National Priorities List 

NR Non-road 

NRA National Recreation Area 

NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service 

NRF nesting, roosting, and foraging 

NRHP National Register of Historic Places 

NRLM Non-road, locomotive, and marine 

NSA Noise-Sensitive Area 

NSO northern spotted owl 

NSPS New Source Performance Standards 

NSR New Source Review 

NTU nephelometric turbidity unit 

NVIC Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular 

NWFP Northwest Forest Plan 
xxv Table of Contents 

NWFP Northwest Forest Plan 

NWGA Northwest Gas Association 

NWI National Wetlands Inventory 

NWPCC Northwest Power and Conservation Council 

NWS National Weather Service 

O&C Lands Oregon and California Lands 

OAAQS Oregon Ambient Air Quality Standards 

OAR Oregon Administrative Record 

OBE Operating Basis Earthquake 

OCIMF Oil Companies International Marine Forum 

OCMP Oregon Coastal Management Program 

OCRM National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Coast and 

Ocean Resource Management 

ODA Oregon Department of Agriculture 

ODEQ Oregon Department of Environmental Quality 

ODF Oregon Department of Forestry 

ODFW Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife 

ODHS Oregon Department of Human Services 

ODLCD Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development 

ODE Oregon Department of Energy 

ODOT Oregon Department of Transportation 

ODPR Oregon Department of Parks and Recreation 

ODSL Oregon Department of State Lands 

ODWR Oregon Department of Water Resources 

OEMD Oregon Emergency Management Department 

OEP FERC’s Office of Energy Projects 

OHMW ordinary high water mark 

OHSU Oregon Health Sciences University 

OHV Off-Highway Vehicle 

OHWM ordinary high water mark 

OPRD Oregon Parks and Recreation Department 

OPS Office of Pipeline Safety 

OPUC Oregon Public Utility Commission 

Oregon LNG LNG Development Company LLC and the Oregon Pipeline Company 

ORNHIC Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center 

ORS Oregon Revised Statute 

ORV open rack vaporizer 

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration 

OSMB Oregon State Marine Board 

OSMRE Office of Surface Mining Reclamation Enforcement 

OSWB Oregon State Weed Board 

OWL Oregon Women’s Land Trust 

Pacific Connector Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline L.P. 

PAG Plant Association Group 

PAH polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon 

Paiute Paiute Pipeline Company 

Palomar Palomar Gas Transmission, LLC 

PAR permanent access road 

PCB polychlorinated biphenyl 

PCE primary constituent element 
xxvi Table of Contents 

PCS Potential Contaminated Site 

PCT Pacific Crest Trail 

PES PES Environmental, Inc. 

pf power factor 

PFMC Pacific Fishery Management Council 

PG&E Pacific Gas and Electric Company 

PGA peak horizontal ground acceleration 

PHMSA Pipeline Hazardous Materials Safety Administration 

PI point of intersection 

PIF Partners in Flight 

PILT Payment In Lieu of Taxes 

Plan FERC staff’s Upland Erosion Control, Revegetation, and Maintenance Plan 

PM10 particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 microns 

PM2.5 particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns 

POD Plan of Development 

Port Oregon International Port of Coos Bay 

PORTS Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System 

PP&L Pacific Power and Light Company 

PPV peak particle velocity 

PRG preliminary remedial goal 

Procedures FERC staff’s Wetland and Waterbody Construction and Mitigation 

Procedures 

Project Jordan Cove Energy and Pacific Connector Gas Pipeline Project 

PSD Prevention of Significant Deterioration 

PSE Puget Sound Energy 

PSEL Plant Site Emission Limit 

PSHA Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis 

psig pounds per square inch gauge 

PST Pacific Standard Time 

PUC Public Utilities Commission 

Quest Quest Consultants, Inc 

RBC Risk-Based Concentration 

REX Rocky Express Pipeline project 

RFPD Rural Fire Protection Districts 

RHA Rivers and Harbors Act 

RMA Riparian Management Area 

RMM risk mitigation measure 

RMP Resource Management Plan 

RMT Regional Management Team 

RNA Research Natural Area 

ROD Record of Decision 

Roseburg Roseburg Forest Products 

RPT rapid phase transition 

RV recreational vehicle 

S&M Survey and Manage 

Sa spectral acceleration 

SAP sampling and analysis plan 

SAR Sodium Adsorption Ratio 

SAV submerged aquatic vegetation 

SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition 
xxvii Table of Contents 

scf standard cubic feet 

SCPC supercritical coal fired 

SCV submerged combustion vaporizer 

SD scaled distance factor 

SDG&E San Diego Gas and Electric 

Sempra Sempra Energy 

SER Significant Emission Rate 

SES Sound Energy Solutions 

SHN SHN Consulting Engineers & Geologists, Inc. 

SHPO State Historic Preservation Officer 

SIGTTO Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operations 

SIL significant impact level 

Siletz Tribes Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Reservation 

SIO Scenic Integrity Objective 

SIS safety instrumented system 

Site Assessment Environmental Site Assessment 

SLIDO Statewide Landslide Information Database of Oregon 

SMS Scenery Management System 

SMU Species Management Units 

SO2 sulfur dioxide 

SoCal Southern California Gas 

SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea 

SONCC Southern Oregon/Northern California Coast 

SOPEP shipboard oil pollution emergency plan 

SOULA Southern Oregon University Laboratory of Anthropology 

SPCCP Spill Prevention, Containment, and Countermeasures Plan 

Spectra Spectra Energy 

SRMA Special Recreation Management Area 

SSE Safe Shutdown Earthquake 

SSI Sensitive Security Information 

SSNERR South Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve 

STV shell-and-tube vaporizer 

SVOC semivolatile organic compound 

SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan 

TACT Typically Achievable Control Technology 

TAR temporary access road 

Tcf trillion cubic feet 

TCP Traditional Cultural Property 

TEQ toxic equivalent 

Tetra Tech Tetra Tech EC, Inc. 

TEWA temporary extra work area 

TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load 

TMMP Turbidity Monitoring and Management Plan 

TMP Transit Management Plan 

TNT trinitrotoluene 

TORP Terminal Offshore Regas Plant 

TORP Terminal Offshore Regas Plant 

TPH total petroleum hydrocarbon 

TPY tons per year 

TRC TRC Environmental Corporation 
xxviii Table of Contents 

TSS total suspended solids 

Tuscarora Tuscarora Gas Transmission Company 

TVS total volatile solid 

UBC Uniform Building Code 

UCSA uncleared storage area 

UDP Unanticipated Discovery Plan 

UGB Urban Growth Boundary 

UPS uninterruptible power system 

USC Unites States Code 

USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture 

USFS U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service 

USGS U.S. Geological Survey 

UV/IR ultraviolet/infrared 

v/c volume-to-capacity ratio 

VFR Visual Flight Route 

VMS Visual Management System 

VOC volatile organic compound 

VQO Visual Quality Objective 

VRM visual resource management 

Vs shear velocity 

VSO Vessel Security Officer 

VTIS Vessel Traffic Information System 

Water Board Coos Bay-North Bend Water Board 

WCSB Western Canada Sedimentary Basin 

WD Water-Dependent Development Shorelands 

WestPac WestPac Terminals, Inc. 

WHRU waste heat recovery unit 

Williams Northwest Williams Northwest Pipeline Company 

Williams Pacific Operator Williams Pacific Connector Gas Operator, LLC 

Williams Williams Companies Inc. 

WNV West Nile virus 

Woodside Woodside Energy, Inc. 

WOPR Western Oregon Plan Revisions 

WQC 401 Water Quality Certification 

WRCC Western Regional Climatic Center 

WSA Water Suitability Assessment 

WSR Water Suitability Report 

WUTC Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission