Prineville District Office 

BLM

2008 

Draft 

John Day Basin 

Resource Management Plan and 

Environmental Impact Statement 

Volume II: Appendices 
As the Nation’s principal 

conservation agency, the Department 

of the Interior has responsibility for 

most of our nationally owned public 

lands and natural resources. This 

includes fostering the wisest use 

of our land and water resources, 

protecting our fish and wildlife, 

preserving the environmental and 

cultural values of our national 

parks and historical places, and 

providing for the enjoyment of life 

through outdoor recreation. The 

Department assesses our energy 

and mineral resources and works to 

assure that their development is in 

the best interest of all our people. 

The Department also has a major 

responsibility for American Indian 

reservation communities and for 

people who live in Island Territories 

under U.S. administration. 

U.S. Bureau of Land Management 

John Day Basin RMP 

3050 NE 3rd Street 

Prineville, Oregon 97754 

541-416-6700 

Email: John_Day_Basin_RMP@blm.gov 

Website: http://www.blm.gov/or/districts/prineville 

Privacy 

Comments, including names and street addresses of respondents, will 

be retained on file in the Prineville District Office as part of the public 

record for this planning effort. Individual respondents may request 

confidentiality. If you wish to withhold your name or street address from 

public inspection, or from disclosure under the Freedom of Information 

Act, you must state this prominently at the beginning of your written 

comment. Such requests will be honored to the extent allowed by law. 

All submissions from organizations or businesses, and from individuals 

identifying themselves as representatives or officials of organizations or 

businesses, will be made available for public inspection in their entirety. 
Appendices
 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

Table of Contents
 

Appendix A: Planning and Implementation Authorities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1
 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices.............................................................. B-1
 

Appendix C: Noxious Weed Control Mitigations/Stipulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-1
 

Appendix D: Special Status Plants Documented or Suspected on BLM Lands 

in the John Day Basin Planning Area..............................................................D-1
 

Appendix I-1: Wild and Scenic River Eligibility Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1-1
 

Appendix I-2: Documentation of Wild and ScenicRiver Eligibility for the North Fork John Day River . . . . . . . . I-2-1
 

Appendix I-3: Wild and Scenic River Draft Suitability Study for North Fork John Day River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3-1
 

Appendix E: Biophysical Setting Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
 

Appendix F: Comparison of Current Vegetation Conditions to the Acceptable Range of Variability . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
 

Appendix G: Desired Conditions for Stream Channel Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-1
 

Appendix H: Special Status Wildlife................................................................. H-1
 

Appendix J: Grazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1
 

Appendix K: Recreation Management Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K-1
 

Appendix L: Existing Rights-of-Way.................................................................. L-1
 

Appendix M: Withdrawn Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-1
 

Appendix N: Implementation and Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N-1
 

Appendix O: Priority Species Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .O-1
 

Appendix P: Common and Scientific Names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-1
 

Appendix Q: Wildlife and Vegetation Species associated with Riparian Areas..............................Q-1
 

Appendix R: Social and Economic Analysis Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .R-1
 

Appendix S: Snags and Salvage...................................................................... S-1
 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

Appendix A: Planning and Implementation Authorities 

Appendix A:

Planning and Implementation

Authorities 

This section briefly describes the legal authorities and planning guidance that provide direction for the BLM land 

use planning process. These, when combined with the purpose and need for action, establish the scope of the 

land use plan and set the framework for the decisions to be made in the John Day Basin Environmental Impact 

Statement and Resource Management Plan. This direction may come from several sources, including Congress, 

the President, or the Legislature. Guidance and information on how to implement these directives and laws are 

developed by resource management agencies such as the BLM, and the departments that oversee them, such as 

the Department of the Interior. 

The following is a list of the primary legal authorities relevant to the John Day Basin RMP: 

1.	 The Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (FLPMA), as amended, 43 U.S.C. 1701 et seq, provides 

the authority and basic guidance for BLM land use planning. The act mandates that public lands be 

managed for multiple uses in a manner that protects ecological values, maintains their natural condition 

and provides food and habitat for wildlife. 

2.	 The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), as amended, 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., requires the 

consideration and public availability of information regarding the environmental impacts of major 

Federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment. This includes the 

consideration of alternatives and mitigation of impacts. 

3.	 The Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7418, requires Federal agencies to comply with all Federal, State 

and local requirements regarding the control and abatement of air pollution. This includes abiding by the 

requirements of State Implementation Plans. 

4.	 The Clean Water Act, as amended, 33 U.S.C. 1251, establishes objectives to restore and maintain the 

chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation’s water. BLM is recognized as a Designated 

Management Agency responsible for compliance with the Clean Water Act on BLM-administered lands 

and in so doing must comply with the State of Oregon anti-degradation policy (OAR 340-41-0004). The 

anti-degradation policy prohibits BLM from degrading water quality in waters of the state. 

5.	 The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. 1323, requires the Federal land manager to comply with 

all Federal, State, and local requirements regarding the control and abatement of water pollution in the 

same manner and to the same extent as any non-governmental entity. 

6.	 The Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C. 201, is designed to make the Nation’s waters “drinkable” as well 

as “swimable.” Amendments establish a direct connection between safe drinking water, watershed 

protection, and management. 

7.	 The Public Water Reserve No. 107 was signed by President Calvin Coolidge on April 17, 1926. The 

order withdrew certain lands from settlement, location , sale, or entry, and reserved them for public 

use. The lands withdrawn are those in public ownership at the time of the act, and those with vacant, 

unappropriated land containing a spring or waterhole, and all land within one quarter of a mile of every 

spring or waterhole. 

8.	 The Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq., as amended, directs BLM to 1) conserve 

Threatened and Endangered Species and the ecosystems upon which they depend, and 2) not contribute 

to the need to list a species. 

9.	 BLM Manual 6840, Special Status Species Management provides guidance for meeting the requirements 

of the Endangered Species Act. This guidance directs the BLM to take actions to progress towards the 

conditions indicating attainment of the Fundamentals of Rangeland Health (described in 43 CFR 4180.1) 

and associated Standards (43 CFR 4180.2). 

10. The Sikes Act of 1974, as amended (16 U.S.C. 670 et seq.), provides for the conservation, restoration, and 

management of species and their habitats in cooperation with State wildlife agencies. 

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Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

11.	 Bald Eagle Protection Act 16 U.S.C. §§ 668-668d, June 8, 1940, as amended 1959, 1962, 1972, and 1978: 

Prohibits the taking or possession of and commerce in bald and golden eagles, with limited exceptions. 

12. The Pacific States Bald Eagle Recovery Plan (USFWS 1986) covers the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, 

Montana, Wyoming, California and Nevada. The Plan established recovery population goals, habitat 

management goals, and 47 management (recovery) zones. The High Cascades and Blue Mountain 

Zones (zone 11 and 9 respectively) includes the John Day Resource Management Planning Area. The 

Pacific States Bald Eagle Recovery Plan described specific criteria for the Pacific Recovery Area (PRA) as 

necessary for delisting. 

13. The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 1271 et seq., requires the Federal land management 

agencies to identify river systems and then study them for potential designation as wild, scenic, or 

recreational rivers. 

14. The Wilderness Act, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq., authorizes the President to make 

recommendations to the Congress for Federal lands to be set aside for preservation as wilderness. 

15. The Antiquities Act of 1906, 16 U.S.C. 431-433, provides guidance for protecting cultural resources on 

Federal lands and authorizes the President to designate National Monuments on Federal lands. 

16. The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 470, expands protection of 

historic and archaeological properties to include those of national, State, and local significance and also 

traditional cultural properties, and directs Federal agencies to consider the effects of proposed actions on 

properties eligible for or included in the National Register of Historic Places. 

17. The Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 (ARPA) 16 USC 470, as amended, defines and provides 

for the protection of archaeological resources on Federal lands, irrespective of eligibility for the National 

Register of Historic Places, establishes a permit system for resources over 100 years old, and requires 

agencies to provide for public education and continuing inventory of Federal lands. 

18.	 Executive Order 11593 of 1971, directs Federal agencies to inventory public lands and to nominate eligible 

properties to the National Register of Historic Places. 

19.	 Executive Order 13287 of 2003 (Preserve America), directs Federal agencies to provide leadership in 

preserving America’s heritage by actively advancing the protection, enhancement, and contemporary 

use of historic properties managed by the Federal Government, and by promoting intergovernmental 

cooperation and partnerships for the preservation and use of historic properties, and establishing agency 

accountability for inventory and stewardship. 

20.	 Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990, 25 U.S.C. 3001, establishes rights to Indian 

tribes and Native Hawaiians to claim ownership and repatriate human remains, and also funerary, 

sacred, and other objects, controlled by federal agencies and museums. Agency discoveries of such 

“cultural items” during land use activities require consultation with appropriate tribes to determine 

ownership and disposition. 

21. The Treaty with the Tribes of Middle Oregon signed June 25, 1855, ratified March 8, 1859 (14 STAT. 751), 

reserved rights for the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs to fish, off-reservation, at usual and 

accustomed stations and to hunt, gather resources, and pasture animals on public lands in common with 

other citizens of the United States. 

22. The Treaty with the Walla Walla, Cayuse, Etc., signed June 9, 1855, ratified March 8, 1859 (12 STAT. 945), 

reserved rights for the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation to fish, off-reservation, 

at usual and accustomed stations and to hunt, gather resources, and pasture animals on public lands in 

common with other citizens of the United States. 

23. The American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978, 42 U.S.C. 1996, establishes a national policy to protect 

and preserve the right of American Indians to exercise traditional Indian religious beliefs or practices 

including but not limited to access to religious sites. Agencies are to avoid unnecessary interference with 

traditional tribal spiritual practices. Also, compliance requires consultation with tribes when land uses 

might conflict with Indian religious beliefs or practices. 

24. The Recreation and Public Purposes Act, as amended, 43 U.S.C. 869 et seq., authorizes the Secretary of the 

Interior to lease or convey BLM managed lands for recreational and public purposes under specified 

conditions. 

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Appendix A: Planning and Implementation Authorities 

25. The Onshore Oil and Gas Leasing Reform Act, 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq., provides: 

a.	 Potential oil and gas resources be adequately addressed in planning documents; 

b.	 The social, economic, and environmental consequences of exploration and development of oil and 

gas resources be determined; and 

c.	 Any stipulations to be applied to oil and gas leases be clearly identified. 

26. The General Mining Law, as amended, 30 U.S.C. 21 et seq., allows the location, use, and patenting of 

mining claims on sites on public domain lands of the United States. Amendments established a policy of 

fostering development of economically stable mining and minerals industries, their orderly and economic 

development, and studying methods for disposal of waste and reclamation. 

27.	 Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and LowIncome Populations), (49 FR 7629), requires that each Federal agency consider the impacts of its programs 

on minority populations and low income populations. 

28.	 Executive Order 13007 of 1996 (Indian Sacred Sites), (61FR104), explicitly does not create any new right 

for Indian tribes, but does requires Federal agencies to the extent practicable, permitted by law, and not 

clearly inconsistent with essential agency functions to: 

a.	 Accommodate access to and ceremonial use of Indian sacred sites by Indian religious practitioners; 

b.	 Avoid adversely affecting the physical integrity of such sacred sites; and 

c.	 Maintain the confidentiality of sacred sites. 

29.	 Executive Order 13175 of 2000 (Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments) provides, in 

part, that each Federal agency shall establish regular and meaningful consultation and collaboration with 

Indian tribal governments in the development of regulatory practices on Federal matters that significantly 

or uniquely affect their communities. 

30.	 Executive Order 13112 (Invasive Species) provides that no Federal agency shall authorize, fund or carry 

out actions that it believes are likely to cause or promote the introduction or spread of invasive species 

unless, pursuant to guidelines that it has prescribed, the agency has determined and made public its 

determination that the benefits of such actions clearly outweigh the potential harm caused by invasive 

species; and that all feasible and prudent measures to minimize risk or harm will be taken in conjunction 

with the actions. 

31.	 Secretarial Order 3206 (American Indian Tribal Rights, Federal-Tribal Trust Responsibilities, and the Endangered 

Species Act) requires DOI agencies to consult with Indian Tribes when agency actions to protect a listed 

species, as a result of compliance with ESA, affect or may affect Indian lands, tribal trust resources, or the 

exercise of American Indian tribal rights. 

32. The Federal Cave Resources Protection Act of 1988, 16 USC 4301, requires federal agencies to identify, 

protect and maintain significant caves. The locations of such caves may be kept confidential. Protection 

is afforded not only to the geologic structure, but also the associated decorations, inhabitants (including 

animals and plants, artifacts, and water resources. 

33. The BLM’s Interim Cave Management Policy (Instruction Memorandum No. OR-95-021) provides for the 

following: Where known or potential adverse impacts from human use to threatened, endangered, and/ 

or sensitive plants or animals ... are present ... the responsible authorized officer shall act to protect these 

resources. 

34.	 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA, Pub. L. 94-580), as amended. In 1976 RCRA established a 

system for managing non-hazardous and hazardous solid wastes in an environmentally sound manner. 

Specifically, it provides for the management of hazardous wastes from the point of origin to the point of 

final disposal (i.e., “cradle to grave”). RCRA also promotes resource recovery and waste minimization. 

35.	 Executive Order 13212. “It is the policy of this Administration that executive departments and agencies 

(agencies) shall take appropriate actions, to the extent consistent with applicable law, to expedite projects 

that will increase the production, transmission, or conservation of energy.” 

36. The Public Rangelands Improvement Act, 43 U.S.C. 1901, provides that the public rangelands be managed 

so that they become as productive as feasible in accordance with management objectives and the land use 

planning process established pursuant to 43 U.S.C. 1712. 

37.	 Taylor Grazing Act, 43 USC 315 was passed in 1934 to stop injury to the public grazing lands by preventing 

overgrazing and soil deterioration, to provide for their orderly use, improvement, and development, 

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Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

to stabilize the livestock industry dependant upon the public range, and for other purposes. The Act 

authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to establish or add to grazing districts in vacant unappropriated 

and unreserved lands from any part of the public domain which are chiefly valuable for grazing and 

raising forage crops. 

38.	 Executive Order # 13443 “Facilitation of Hunting Heritage and Wildlife Conservation” (8/17/07) directs Federal 

agencies that have programs and activities that have a measurable effect on public land management, 

outdoor recreation, and wildlife management to facilitate the expansion and enhancement of hunting 

opportunities and the management of game species and their habitat. 

39. The Bureau of Land Management, National Sage-Grouse Habitat Conservation Strategy (2004) sets broad 

goals and specific actions to meet the goals for protecting sage-grouse and sage-grouse habitat. 

40. The 1995 Interim Strategies for Managing Anadromous Fish-producing Watersheds in Eastern Oregon and 

Washington, Idaho, and Portions of California (USDA-FS and USDI-BLM 1995), commonly referred to as 

PACFISH, provides guidance for managing and monitoring grazing lands adjacent to streams where 

anadromous fish are present or potentially present. 

41.	 Oregon Washington Special Status Species Policy, IM No. OR-91-57, issued 11/5/90, as amended by IM No. 

OR-91-57 change 1, issued 8/5/91, provides protection for plants which are not federally listed, proposed 

or candidates, and assigns these species to one of three lists: Bureau Sensitive, Assessment, and Tracking. 

The policy relies in part on the State of Oregon rules, which includes the Oregon Endangered Species Act, 

and lists prepared by the Oregon Natural Heritage Data Base. 

42. The Migratory Bird Conservation Act of 1929, as amended (16 U.S.C. 715) and pertinent treaties, direct BLM 

to provide for habitat protection and enhancement of protected migratory birds. Subsequent science 

has documented the reliance of wildlife on riparian vegetation and aquatic habitat that will be used as 

indicators in the John Day Basin to determine whether desired conditions for wildlife are being met. 

43.	 Executive Order 13352 of 2004 (Facilitation of Cooperative Conservation), directs Federal agencies to 

implement laws relating to the environment and natural resources in a manner that promotes cooperative 

conservation, with an emphasis on appropriate inclusion of local participation in Federal decisionmaking, in accordance with their respective agency missions, policies, and regulations. 

44.	 Instruction Memorandum No. 2006-114 (BLM participation and support of development of State Comprehensive 

Wildlife Strategy development), directs the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) State Directors, District 

and Field Managers to consider State Wildlife Action Plans (also known as Comprehensive Wildlife 

Conservation Strategies) in land use and conservation planning on BLM-administered lands. 

45.	 Wild Horse and Burro Act of 1971, as amended, gave responsibility for the management and protection 

of these animals to the U.S. Department of the Interior to be administered by the BLM and to the 

Department of Agriculture to be administered by the Forest Service. 

46.	 Executive Order 11644 (37 FR 2877), on February 8, 1972, provided that OHV use will be controlled and 

managed to protect resource values, promote public safety and minimize conflicts with uses of public 

lands. This executive order directed federal agencies to designate specific areas and trails on public lands 

where OHV use may be permitted and areas where OHV use may not be permitted. 

47. On May 24, 1977, President Carter amended this order with Executive Order 11989. This executive order 

further defined OHV, administrative use exemptions, and directed agencies to immediately close areas 

and trails whenever the agency determines that the use of OHV will cause or is causing considerable 

adverse effects on the soil, wildlife, and wildlife habitat, cultural or historic resources (42 USC 4321). 

48. The Bureau of Land Management’s National Management Strategy for Motorized Off-Highway Vehicle Use on 

Public Lands (2001) provides agency guidance and offers recommendations for future actions to improve 

motorized vehicle management. 

49. The Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974, as amended (7 U.S.C. 2814) provides for the designation of a lead 

office and a person trained in the management of undesirable plants; establishment and funding of an 

undesirable plant management program; completion and implementation of cooperative agreements with 

State agencies; and establishment of integrated management systems to control undesirable plant species. 

50. The Carlson-Foley Act (PL 90-583 codified in 43 USC 1241) establishes legal guidance and responsibility for 

the management of weeds on federal lands. This law authorizes federal agencies to allow states to take 

weed control measures on federal lands. 

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Appendix A: Planning and Implementation Authorities 

51.	 Oregon Land Exchange Act of 2000, as described in Chapter 1, requires that “lands acquired...within the 

North Fork of the John Day subwatershed be managed primarily for the protection of native fish and 

wildlife habitat, and for public recreation but that other authorized uses may be allowed if, through a 

land use planning process, it is determined that such uses are consistent with, and do not diminish the 

primary management purposes.” 

52.	 BLM planning regulations (43 CFR 1610.4-3 and 1610.4-6) require that resource management plans consider 

social, economic, and institutional information. 

53.	 Federal Wildland Fire Management Policy 2001 provides strategic direction for a broad range of fire 

management related activities. 

54.	 43 CFR 4100 Regulations provide uniform guidance for administration of grazing on the public lands 

exclusive of Alaska. 

55. The BLM Handbook 4100, Grazing Administration, Oregon/Washington Supplement Release 4-107; provides 

guidance for adjusting livestock grazing during periods of drought conditions. 

56.	 Standards for Rangeland Health and Guidelines for Livestock Grazing Management for Public Lands Administered 

by the Bureau of Land Management in the States of Oregon and Washington (USDI-BLM, 1997) provides 

direction to promote healthy sustainable rangeland ecosystems, restore and improve public rangelands 

and to provide sustainable resources to support the livestock industry. 

57.	 Executive Order No. 13186 directs the BLM to protect, restore, enhance and manage habitat of migratory 

birds and prevent the loss or degradation of remaining habitats on BLM managed lands. 

58. The Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977 (16 U.S.C. 2001) provides for conservation, protection 

and enhancement of soil, water, and related resources. 

59. The Floodplains and Wetlands Executive Orders 11990 and 11988 require BLM to avoid adverse impacts to 

floodplains and wetlands. 

60. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. §§ 703-712, July 3, 1918, as last amended in 1989) directs federal 

agencies to substantially address source habitats and species of focus. 

61.	 Instruction Memorandum No. 2008-050 provides interim guidance to enhance coordination and 

communication toward meeting the Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) responsibilities under the 

Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and the Executive Order (EO) 13186. This interim management 

guidance establishes a consistent approach for addressing migratory bird populations and habitats when 

adopting, revising, or amending land use plans and when making project level implementation decisions 

until a national Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is 

established. 

62.	 BLM manual sections 8270 and 8270-1 provide direction for management of paleontological resources. 

63. The BLM OR/WA strategy document for managing vertebrate fossil resources (Martin 1995). 

64.	 Agreement No. IA9325-8-0001, as amended, for co-management of fossil resources with the National Park 

Service (NPS), between John Day Fossil Beds National Monument and Bureau of Land Management 

Prineville District, Burns District, Vale District, Lakeview District). 

65.	 BLM Manual Series 8100, Cultural Resource Management. 

66.	 Memorandums of Understanding (MOU) between the Oregon/Washington BLM and a) the Confederated 

Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, b) the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of 

Oregon, and c) the Burns Paiute Tribe address the appropriate level and timing for consultation, as well 

as other coordination issues between these tribes and the BLM. 

67.	 ORS 390.835(2) sets rules for dredging in State Scenic Waterways. This law requires a permit for any 

dredging, regardless of the amount, from the Oregon Division of State Lands (ODSL). In other waters, a 

permit is required only for movement of more than 50 cubic yards. Also, suction dredging in SSWs may 

not: (a) divert a waterway or obstruct fish passage; (b) include nozzling outside the wet perimeter; (c) 

move boulders or logs from the wet perimeter, except by hand; (d) disturb any woody plants; (e) excavate 

from the streambank; (f) fail to level pits and furrows outside the main channel; (g) occur without a ODEQ 

discharge permit; (h) occur on federal lands without permission; (i) impede boating; (j) operate within 500 

feet of a home or campground between 6 pm and 8 am; or, (k) operate within posted swimming areas. 

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Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

68.	 43 CFR 3809 regulates mineral exploration and development on public land is to prevent unnecessary and 

undue land degradation. 

69. BLM management is largely guided by the DOI Strategic Plan (2007 to 2012). Mission Goal Number One 

is to “Protect the nation’s natural, cultural, and heritage resources to “improve health of watersheds, 

landscapes, and marine resources that are DOI managed or influenced, consistent with obligations and 

state law regarding the allocation and use of water.” The first performance goal to measure success 

toward achieving this outcome is “to achieve desired conditions on 90% of DOI managed stream/ 

shoreline miles where condition is known and as specified in management plans by 2012.” This is 

measured annually by accounting for a the miles of stream/shoreline achieving PFC. 

70.	 Those waters and substrates necessary for salmonid fish spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth 

comprise Essential Fish Habitat (EFH). All streams, lakes, ponds, wetlands, and other water bodies 

currently or historically accessible to salmonids in the plan area are designated EFH for affected salmonid 

stocks with management plans. The exceptions are habitats above Izee Falls and headwater areas where 

flow limits salmonid distribution (Magnuson-Stevens Act amended, 1996). 

71.	 43 CFR 8340 regulates Off-Road Vehicles. Subpart 8340 (Off-Road Vehicles) defines OHV and Open, 

Limited and Closed areas and defines spark arrestor. Subpart 8341 (Conditions of Use) defines 

regulations governing use of OHVs on public lands and lists special rules restricting OHV use and its 

effects on resource values. Subpart 8342 (Designation of Areas and Trails) lists area and trail designation 

criteria, procedures, and changes. Subpart 8343 (Vehicle Operations) lists vehicle operation standards, 

including noise restrictions, and permit requirements for certain types of OHV use. 

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Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Appendix B:

Best Management Practices 

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 

General BMPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2 

Fire and Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9 

Vegetation Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-12 

Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-34 

Roads, Trails, and Landings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-35 

Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-41 

Lands and Realty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-43 

Monitoring and Other Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-44 

Introduction 

Best management practices (BMP) are those land and resource management techniques designed to maximize 

beneficial results and minimize negative impacts of management actions. The BMPs described in this appendix 

are designed to assist in achieving the objectives outlined in Chapter 2 Alternatives. Some of the BMPs listed 

below come from laws or regulations, and are thus mandatory. Others are policies or guidelines based on current 

technology and science, and will therefore change as we find new ways to accomplish actions, and learn new 

information about effects of actions. 

Interdisciplinary site-specific analysis may be necessary to determine which management practices would be 

necessary to meet specific objectives. Modifications of BMPs may be necessary, on a site-specific basis, to minimize 

the potential for negative impacts, and to reflect changes in BLM regulations, policy, direction, or new scientific 

information. In order to meet resource objectives, an interdisciplinary team may add new BMPs or modify 

existing BMPs when evaluating site specific management actions 

The BMPs below are sorted by activity type (roads, timber). There is some repetition of BMPs between sections. 

This appendix does not provide an exhaustive list of BMPs; for example, we have not re-printed guidance from 

ICBEMP. The BMPs listed below may be updated through annual plan maintenance as new information becomes 

available. These guidelines apply, where appropriate, to all use authorizations, including BLM-initiated projects. 

B-1 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement General BMPs Any project or soil disturbing activity S1, S3, AQ9, AQ3, AQ7, L1, AQ6 Retain or promote infiltration, permeability, and soil moisture storage. S1, S3, AQ5, AQ3, 

AQ6, L1 

Minimize soil loss and sediment delivery that is in excess of natural disturbance processes.

S1, S3, L1, W4, V1 Maintain or restore nutrient cycling and energy flow.V2 Conduct botanical inventory for the presence/absence of special status plants prior to all project implementation. Inventory would 

be conducted during the season(s) appropriate for species identification, allowing for occupied plant habitat to be identified, flaggedand protected as needed.

V2 Surface-disturbing activities (i.e. control lines, access routes, helipads, etc.) would be located outside special status plant habitat.V2 Monitor special status plants and their habitat as needed, based on: threats to site; whether site is within special management area or

other designation; the legal status of species; and potential effects of a management action.

V2 As time allows, conduct purposeful inventory (i.e., not related to project clearance) for special status plants in likely habitat that has 

not been previously surveyed.

V1, V4, AQ7, A10, S3 

All contractors and land-use operators moving surface-disturbing equipment in or out of weed infested areas should clean their equipment before and after use on public land.

V1, V4, AQ7, A10, L1, S3 

Control weeds annually in areas frequently disturbed such as gravel pits, recreation sites, road sides, livestock concentration areas.

V1, V4, AQ7, A10, L1, S3 

Consider livestock quarantine, removal, or timing limitations in weed infested areas.

V1, V4, AQ7, A10, AG1, S3 

All seed, hay, straw, mulch, or other vegetation material transported and used on public land weed-free zones for site stability, rehabilitation or project facilitation should be certified-by a qualified Federal, State, or county officer as free of noxious weeds and noxious weed-seed. All baled feed, pelletized feed and grain transported into weed-free zones and used to-feed livestock should 

also be certified as free of noxious weed seed.

V1, V4, AQ7, A10, S3, W8 

It is recommended that all vehicles, including off-road and all-terrain, traveling in or out of weed infested areas should clean their equipment before and after use on public land.

V1, V4, AQ7, A10, W2, WN1 

In crucial wildlife habitats major construction and maintenance work will be scheduled to avoid or minimize disturbance to wildlife. Areas disturbed during project construction will be reseeded with a mixture of grasses, forbs and shrubs to meet site specific needsor habitat requirements.

W1, FU2 Vegetation manipulation and revegetation projects in crucial wildlife areas will be designed to create a vegetation mosaic.AQ13, AQ9, AQ6, W7, W8 

Maintain adequate untreated peripheral zones around important moist-sites (i.e., wet sedge meadows, springs, riparian zones). 

B-2 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

General BMPS - any project or soil disturbing activity (cont.)

W5 Maintain adequate thermal and security cover on deer and elk habitat, particularly within timber stands adjacent to primary winter 

foraging areas.

VR1, WSR1, AC7, AC8, AC9, AC13 

Consider the effects on visual values (complete VRM contrast rating) from all new surface disturbing activities.

AQ9, AQ5, V5, AQ6, S3, W8 

Locate ground disturbing activities and facilities away from hydric soils and wetlands. Ground altering activities should not degrade conditions beyond which 5 or more years are necessary to recover soil compaction and restore the local native vegetation 

and sediment regime. Five years is the interval in which TMDLs are updated.

AQ9, AQ5, V5, AQ6, S3, W5 

Prohibit actions (except to the minimum extent determined by ID team) that compact hydric or wetland soils, reduce site potential vegetation and thermal cover, and alter hydrology (e.g., infiltration). Use plantings and manage for obligate, facultative, or wetland 

species around degraded riparian/wetland sites.

W5 In areas of important big game habitat, consultation with the wildlife biologist will be necessary to reduce impacts on wildlife,

particularly in areas such as ridgelines, saddles, and upper drainage heads.

W5, W4 Consult with ODFW prior to undertaking major construction, and/or surface disturbing activities in high value wildlife habitats.VR1, W1, FU1 Design sagebrush control projects using irregular patterns and untreated patches to provide for optimum edge effect for visual and

wildlife considerations. Coordinate layout and designs are coordinated with the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife.

W4, W5, W8, AQ3 Avoid major activities in ridges, saddles, and upper drainage heads.AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ10, W4, W8, S3 

Retain vegetation on cut slopes unless it poses a safety hazard or restrict maintenance activities. Roadside brushing of vegetation should be done in a way that prevents disturbance to root systems and visual intrusions (such as avoid using excavators for brushing). 

S3, W4, W5, AQ6 Abandon and rehabilitate roads no longer neededS3, W4, W5, AQ7 Disturbance from rights-of-way and/or disturbance in utility corridors use areas adjoining or adjacent to previously disturbed areas, 

rather than traverse undisturbed communities.

AC1, WSR1, S1, S3, VR1 

Cutting areas would be shaped and designed to blend as closely as possible with natural terrain and landscape minimizing the effect on total forest vistas. Consideration will be given to future harvesting, impacts of road construction and other relevant factors.

W4, V1 In forest and woodland management activities, retain a minimum of 10% of live trees per acre including dominants in regeneration 

harvest units, unless this conflicts with other wildlife or resource management objectives. The density, composition, condition, size 

classes and spatial distribution of the retained trees varies according to management objectives, stand and site conditions, and other constraints. These trees are not to be counted toward future snag recruitment.

S3, AQ1, AQ3, AQ5, AQ6, T4-6 

Install waterbars and seed all constructed fire lines with native or adapted nonnative species as appropriate.

W1, L1, L3 Range developments will be designed to achieve both wildlife and livestock grazing management objectives.AQ8, W8, WSR1 As springs are developed, fence to protect water source and areas where significant overflow from troughs occurs to protect riparian 

vegetation. 

B-3 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement General BMPS - any project or soil disturbing activity (cont.) W1, W4, W7, VR1, VR3 Sagebrush control projects are designed using irregular patterns and untreated patches to provide for optimum edge effect for visual and wildlife considerations. AQ11, W8 Locate fences so that they do not confine or concentrate livestock near the riparian zone. W4, W5, W7, W8 Do not approve human disturbance in excess of base levels that were occurring in 2001 (e.g. snowmobile, prescribed burning, automobile traffic, camping, hunting, firearm use, low level aircraft operation below 2,500 feet, recreational events) within 1⁄4 mile non line-of-sight or 1⁄2 mile line-of-sight (1.0 mile for blasting) of known bald eagle nests between January 1 and August 31. This condition may be waived in a particular year if nesting or reproductive success surveys reveal that bald eagles are non-nesting or that no young are present that year. Waivers are valid only until January 1 of the following year. W4, W5, W7, W8 Project activities that have potential to disturb bald eagle winter roosts, shall be restricted within 400 m of the roosting area from November 1 to April 30. W4, W5, W7, W8 Where bald eagle nests are blown from trees during storms or are otherwise destroyed by the elements, continue to protect the site in the absence of the nest for up to three (3) complete breeding seasons. W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle habitat, a biological evaluation will be conducted or reviewed by a journey-level biologist to determine if the use of the area by eagles is incidental or essential. W4, W5, W7, W8 If it is determined to be essential bald eagle habitat, protect it from adverse modification through curtailment of conflicting activities, modification of activities, seasonal restriction of activities, or avoidance of the area. W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle habitat, Predator and rodent control using baited traps and/or poisons should not take place within 1 mile of an active bald eagle nest or 1⁄4 mile of a known roost. W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, fuel wood cutting and gathering will not be permitted, unless a site specific review determines that it is necessary to promote desired future habitat conditions for bald eagle and other desired wildlife species. If fuel wood cutting is deemed necessary to promote habitat conditions, then the following protective measures will be implemented: a) sign cut unit boundary prior to the fuel wood cutting season; b) down or standing fuel wood will not be cut and gathered within 1⁄4 mile of the nest between January 1 and August 31 if a bald eagle nest is active; down woody material may be gathered outside of the nesting season; c) no standing dead tree greater than 16 inches dbh shall be cut or removed within 500 meters (i.e., 0.31 mile) of the nest at any time of the year; and d) no standing dead trees greater than 16 inches dbh shall be cut, unless it meets the long-term management objectives.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, prescribed fire managers need to use smoke management forecasts in order to

minimize smoke entering into suitable habitat and to ensure that dissipation would be adequate.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, predator and rodent control using baited traps and/or poisons will not take place.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, all vegetation manipulations need to promote the development of large trees 

capable of supporting future bald eagle nesting, perching, and roosting regardless of other land allocations. While some timber

harvest is allowable, it is only for the purpose of initiating long-term stand management to achieve bald eagle habitat objectives. Precommercial thinning is allowable to promote the development of large trees.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, all snags that are eagle perches within 500 meters (1650 feet) of nests or 

roosts should be preserved. In addition, all snags utilized for roosting or foraging within nesting territories or communal roostsshould be protected. 

B-4 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

General BMPS - any project or soil disturbing activity (cont.)

W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, development of new recreation facilities or expansion of existing facilities that will 

increase the amount, type, or area of use, such as campgrounds and resorts, is not compatible in these areas and will not be authorized.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In bald eagle management areas and essential habitat, protect all existing nesting, roosting, and perch trees. Generally, these are any 

live trees (Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, etc.) or snags over 21” in diameter at breast height.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In the 0.25 to 0.75 mile circle around active peregrine nests, seasonal restriction on human entry and activities are strictly followed.W4, W5, W7, W8 In the 0.25 to 0.75 air mile circle around active peregrine nests, human activity (foot, vehicle, or aerial entry) is prohibited during 

the nest season, except for peregrine falcon monitoring and related activities, law enforcement, or to preserve human life in 

emergencies. 

W4, W5, W7, W8 In the 0.25 to 0.75 air mile circle around active peregrine nests, no new human habitat alteration activity is planned (e.g. road or trail 

building, harvest, construction, recreation, ...)

W4, W5, W7, W8 In the 0.5 to 2 air mile circle around active peregrine nests, most recreation related activities are permitted during the nesting season. 

Exceptions may include hand gliding, trail blasting, large group gatherings.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In the 0.5 to 2 air mile circle around active peregrine nests, harvest activity and habitat manipulation are to be designed to retain 

structure and function of the ecosystem in the immediate area of the nest cliff and surrounding habitat to augment production ofprey for peregrine falcons. Silvicultural practices will use the best available information for protection and augmentation of avian 

prey populations, and will consider and create action alternative which will benefit and support local biological diversity.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In the circle of 3 air miles from active peregrine nests, proposed human-generated activities are scrutinized to determine potential 

effects to peregrines.

W4, W5, W7, W8 In the circle of 3 air miles from active peregrine nests, fire suppression activities will closely follow draft or final site specific 

management plans.

W4, W5, W7, W8 Aircraft (special use permit or Agency contacted/owned) are permitted outside of 15,00 feet AGL (above ground level) “bubble” in 

the 1 – 2 mile zone from the peregrine nest except during the restricted period. Further, most aerial activity is permitted outside of 2 

mile zone during the restriction period.

W4, W5, W7, W8 Retention of large woody material, and protection/ creation of the snag component (all conditions) is a standard practice to enhance 

and retain peregrine prey populations. The levels of protection/retention within units are generally for the maximum amount achievable, per site condition for large woody material and snags. 

W4, W5, W7, W8 In peregrine zones, retain hardwood components in clumps to aid avian productivity.W4, W5, W7, W8 Gate or otherwise close excess roads within 2 miles of the peregrine nest.W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Do not fragment or convert wetland habitat to upland habitat through management activities including, but not limited to, water diversions, road construction, maintenance, or recreational facilities expansion. Where possible restore wetlands for Columbia 

spotted frog 

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Do not degrade wetland habitat or water quality for Columbia spotted frog.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

In channel, lake, or shoreline digging would be for restoration only, and protect Columbia spotted frog. 

B-5 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement General BMPS - any project or soil disturbing activity (cont.) W4, W5, W7, W8, AQ9, AQ10 Do not allow ground-based machinery use within Riparian Management Areas or within a water body that increases soil compaction or removes vegetation that exposes soil to additional erosion processes. Within designated campgrounds (within Riparian Management Areas), machinery will not leave designated roads or parking areas and will protect Columbia spotted frog. W4, W5, W7, W8,

AQ9, AQ10 

Do not locate landings within Riparian Management Areas with Columbia spotted frog habitat

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Do not construct fire lines within Riparian Management Areas with Columbia spotted frog habitat.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

New temporary roads will be located outside of zones delivering sediment to Columbia spotted frog habitat (as determined by soil type, ground vegetation, and slope), will provide relief drainage, and will be hydrologically closed.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Commercial road use, including hauling/blading, will not contribute to siltation off the road into Columbia spotted frog habitat.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Snow plowing will allow water/runoff to drain off road with filtration (vegetation buffer) before reaching creeks with Columbia spotted frog. 

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

In Riparian Management Areas with Columbia spotted frogs, culvert replacements will decrease stream sediment input both during and after construction activities (e.g., adequate road ditch relief, cross drains, wing wall rip-rapping).

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Do not allow in-channel, in lake, or shoreline digging where removal of substrate occurs or significant disruption where Columbia 

spotted frog spawning or rearing habitat occurs (e.g., in-stream gravel mining or dredging).

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Do not allow permitted activities to artificially raise or lower natural water levels for systems with Columbia spotted frog habitat.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Activities will not reduce the amount of vegetative cover to the point of creating streambank instability. For Columbia spotted frogs,the minimum threshold is 90% stable streambanks.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Changes in hydrology of a stream, spring, lake, or wetland should be for restoration purposes only.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

In reservoirs which can provide Columbia spotted frog habitat, allow maintenance or development of shallow water habitat with emergent vegetation through July to provide egg laying and development.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

When removing or modifying stream barriers to allow for fish passage, do not risk the introduction of non-native species.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Limit activities within the Riparian Management Areas to those that have either a neutral or beneficial effect on aquatic objectives. Timing of those activities will be outside Columbia spotted frog egg laying/hatching for that area. If not known, restrict activitiesfrom March 1 to May 31.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Habitat connectivity will be maintained through properly functioning streams, marsh, in stream, and floodplain vegetation. Restore native sedges, rushes, and willows and protect Columbia Spotted Frog.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Use of pesticides, herbicides, and similar potential contaminants are prohibited in and immediately adjacent to wetland habitat. Applications of these chemicals should be conservative when estimating drift to avoid any contamination and protect Columbia 

spotted frog. 

B-6 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

General BMPS - any project or soil disturbing activity (cont.)

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Survey for the presence of nesting goshawks in suitable goshawk habitat for all major management actions (e.g., timber sales) prior to the implementation of management activities. Implementation is the date a Record of Decision is signed. Two years of surveys are 

recommended for all new timber sales.

W4, W5, W7, W8 For goshawk, ensure that the most recent version of the E-4 Special Provision issued May 10, 1996, in Instruction Memorandum No. 

OR-96-78 is included in all new sale contracts.

W4, W5, W7, W8 Active and historically used (i.e., alternate nest sites used in the past five years) nest sites and the surrounding 400-acre postfledgling family area (PFFA) shall be afforded the following management recommendations:W4, W5, W7, W8 At a minimum, 30 acres of the most suitable goshawk nesting habitat surrounding the nest site shall be deferred from harvest. The 

30 acres should include known alternate nest sites and plucking posts and should be blocky or circular in shape. Biologists shoulduse the best available professional knowledge of the birds’ habitat use and of the available habitat. If operating under an existing management plan that specifies greater protection, then the more stringent management prescriptions shall prevail.

W4, W5, W7, W8 A 400-acre PFFA shall be designated around each active goshawk nest site and be comprised of the best available habitat. While 

harvesting activities can occur, a minimum of sixty percent (if it currently exists) of the PFFA shall be managed as mature and old 

growth/old forest seral stages (approximately 80 years of age and older and hereafter referred to as late successional). Harvest of late-successional tree/stands may occur if based upon a risk assessment and a determination of imminent threat to the viability ofthe habitat. An example would be the creation of a fire break.

W4, W5, W7, W8 Within the goshawk PFFA, forest health projects and timber sale activities should be designed to promote retention of latesuccessional stands where they exist. This may include the thinning of over-dense late seral stage stands (approximately 40-80 years) 

which may or may not have a late-successional component. In early and late seral stands, activities will be designed to promote forest health and the creation of late-successional conditions.

AQ3, AQ5, AQ14 Include Pollution and Erosion Control Plans (PECPP) and Spill Prevention Control and Containment Plans (SPCCP) in contracts, 

agreements and project plans when activity proposed to occur within stream channels or RMAs or may result in: mobilization offine sediment, pesticide/herbicide use, short-term riparian disturbance, or harassment of ESA-listed aquatic species. PECPs willinclude provisions for minimizing site preparation impacts, minimize heavy equipment impacts, and site restoration.

AQ5, AQ10, AQ12, AQ13 

PECPs will include provisions for minimizing site preparation impacts, minimize heavy equipment impacts, and site restoration.

AQ5, AQ10, AQ12, AQ13 

“SPCCP will: describe provisions to prevent or reduce impacts from potential spills (fuel, hydraulic fluid, etc), describe the hazardous materials that will be used, including inventory, storage, handling procedures; a description of quick response 

containment supplies that will be available on the site (e.g., a silt fence, straw bales, and an oil-absorbing, floating boom whenever surface water is present).”

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ13 

Establish staging areas (used for construction equipment storage, vehicle storage, fueling, servicing, hazardous material storage, etc.) beyond the 100-year floodplain in a location and manner that will preclude erosion into or contamination of the stream or 

floodplain and preferably outside of RMAs.

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ13 

Materials used for implementation of aquatic restoration categories (e.g., large wood, boulders, fencing material, etc.) may be staged within the 100-year floodplain for short durations. 

B-7 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement General BMPS - any project or soil disturbing activity (cont.) AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Prior to construction or use of heavy equipment in and around Riparian Management Areas, flag critical riparian vegetation areas, wetlands, and other sensitive sites to prevent ground disturbance in these areas. AQ5, AQ6 Place sediment barriers prior to construction around sites where significant levels of erosion may enter the stream directly or through road ditches. Maintain barriers throughout construction. AQ6. AQ11 Fell hazard trees within riparian areas when they pose a safety risk. If possible, fell trees towards the stream. Keep felled trees on site when needed to meet coarse woody debris objectives. AQ1, W1, T1, S3 The size and capability of heavy equipment will be commensurate with the project. AQ5, AQ6, AQ12, 

AQ14 

All equipment used instream shall be cleaned and leaks repaired prior to entering the project area. Remove external oil and grease, along with dirt and mud prior to construction. Thereafter, inspect equipment daily for leaks or accumulations of grease, and fix any identified problems before entering streams or areas that drain directly to streams or wetlands. During instream heavy equipment work, consider deploying an oil-absorbing floating boom downstream. Equipment used for instream or riparian work shall be fueled and serviced in an established staging area outside of riparian zone. When not in use, vehicles shall be stored in the staging area.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Stream crossings shall not increase risks of channel re-routing at low and high waterAQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Avoid placing temporary and permanent road crossings at potential listed fish spawning areas when possible.

AQ6, W5 Utilize existing roadways or travel paths and limit the number of new access paths. AQ6, AQ14, WSR1 

Instream operations must cease under high flow conditions that inundate the project area, except for efforts to avoid or minimize resource damage and for eminent safety concerns.

AQ5, AQ10, AQ12, AQ13 

Minimize time in which heavy equipment is in stream channels, riparian areas, and wetlands. Operate heavy equipment in streams only when ID teams believe that such actions are the only reasonable alternative for implementation, or would result in less sediment in the stream channel or damage (short- or long-term) to the overall aquatic and riparian ecosystem relative to other alternatives.

AQ1, W1, T1, S3 Upon project completion, remove project related waste.AQ10, V1, V5, W4, AC10, N1, W7, W8 

During restoration of disturbed sites, use the guidance from BLM Instruction Memorandum No. OR-2001-014, Policy on the Use of Native Species Plant Material.

S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 

Plan rehabilitation of all disturbed riparian areas in a manner that results in similar or better than pre-work conditions through spreading of stockpiled materials, seeding, and/or planting. In riparian areas, planting shall be completed no later than spring planting season of the year following end of disturbance. Short-term stabilization measures will be maintained until permanent erosion control measures are effective. Stabilization measures will be instigated within three days of construction completion or disturbance. 

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10, S3 

When necessary, loosen compacted areas, such as access roads, stream crossings, landings staging, and stockpile areas at project completion. 

S3 Retain vegetation on cut slopes unless it poses a safety hazard or restrict maintenance activities. AQ4, AQ6, AQ12 Projects will not significantly restrict the channel migration zone and ability of the channel to form and maintain habitat.R1, W1 In areas open to cross country vehicle travel, allow no net increase in miles of fence. 

B-8 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Fire and FuelsWildfire use and prescribed burning

V1, W4, W5, W6,W7 

Maintain connectivity of sagebrush habitat.

V1, V4, S3 Use mechanical means, rather than fire, where the risk of exacerbating fire cycles associated with invasive species (such as cheatgrass) is 

high. 

W4, V1 Create small-scale patch patterns (i.e. burrowing animals) and larger scale patches (>1,000 acres).W4, V1 In forest and juniper woodland Bio-physical Settings, management activities must retain a minimum of 10% of live trees per acre 

including dominants. These trees are not to be counted toward future snag recruitment.

V4, W4, S3, WSR1 Provide mitigation, by reducing, restoring or compensating for important special habitats that are altered by management actions.W8, W4 Maintain old growth characteristics wherever they are present.WSR1, V4 Reseed areas disturbed during project activities with a mix of grasses, forbs, and shrubs to meet site-specific needs or habitat

requirements (see Chapter 2 Vegetation section for more details).

AQ1, AQ3, S3 Choose between suppression and burning by balancing effects of suppression activities with the effects of burning on achievement 

of objectives. 

All Limit operation of mechanized equipment to times when soils are less susceptible to detrimental disturbance, unless soils are frozen

or covered with 18 inches or more of snow.

AQ3 Do not use heavy equipment (such as ground based harvest) on slopes greater than 35%.S3, S1, AQ1, AQ3, AQ6 

Ensure that removal of vegetation or ground disturbing activities do not exacerbate headcutting. Avoid activities that would remove more than 50% of the watershed cover and exacerbate headcutting by increasing runoff. If more than 50% of the watershed cover 

is removed, apply watershed mitigations to attenuate peak flows associated with increased runoff. Mitigation measures such as buffers, hydro-seeding, and wattles must be applied prior to fall precipitation (usually in October).

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, V4 

Prohibit activities that would degrade the sediment regime of perennial, perennial interrupted or intermittent stream channels. Activities may be allowed if the long term intent of an activity is to restore stream physical function (e.g. juniper removal, thinning 

conifer encroachment, etc). The combination of BLM actions to restore upland watershed conditions and other landowner activities shall not risk (1% or 100 year event) degrading sediment and flow regimes longer than 3 years. Limit treatment of riparian areas within each sixth field sub watershed, to less than 10% of the total riparian vegetation within any one year period. As an exception, low intensity burns backing into riparian areas may not exceed 50% of riparian area in 6th field watershed.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, V5, VR1, 

WSR1, F3 

Prohibit ignition within riparian management areas, and locate ignition lines away from large open meadows, unless prescribed to meet aquatic objectives. 

B-9 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Fire and Fuels - wildfire use and prescribed burning (cont.) AQ6, AQ3, WSR1, S3 Over the course of two years, forest cover restoration shall not exceed an 80% change in areas of less than 18”-15” annual precipitation. This 80% change applies to cumulative activities across all ownerships of a watershed (HUC 5). Phased treatments are preferred. Achieve landscape appropriate peak flows during juniper watershed treatments by lopping and scattering of limbs or similar material S3, V4, W8 Prescribed fire must achieve down wood volumes referenced in Down Wood Table of Vegetation Section. AQ6, AQ7 Keep high intensity wildfire, concentration burns and broadcast burns at least 100 feet away from riparian management areas unless prescribed to meet aquatic objectives. AQ11, W8 Avoid ignition of large woody material that is touching the high water mark of a waterbody or that may be affected by high flows. AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, 

AQ6, W8 

Prohibit delivery of foam or additives to waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ7 

Store and dispose of ignition devices/materials (e.g., flares, plastic spheres, etc.) outside riparian management areas.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ8 

Maintain and refuel equipment (e.g., drip torches, chainsaws, and portable pumps) a minimum of 100 feet from waterbodies, floodplains, and wetlands.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ9, W8 

Exclude ground-based equipment within riparian management areas.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ10, W8 

Limit hand constructed fire lines inside riparian management areas and prohibit machine constructed fire lines in riparianmanagement areas. Where hand constructed fire lines are necessary in riparian management areas, angle the approach rather thanhave it perpendicular to the riparian management area.

AQ9, AQ13, W4, W8 

Retain 20% of the upland perimeter of lentic areas in vegetative species and structure needed for hiding cover, life cycle completion, and corridors of site riparian-dependent biotic community. This may translate into leaving areas untreated for fuels or other activities. The final delineation will be made by an ID team.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ10, W4, W8 

Avoid brushing along stream channels and floodplains. Brushing may be unavoidable if it is necessary for human safety or to avoid threats to structural stability where modifying structure design would not eliminate the need for brushing. Do not brush beyond 

4 feet of the road as measured by the edge of the drivable road surface (not measured from turnouts or road shoulder). Maintainriparian overstory to provide stream shade. Maintaining a minimum height of riparian vegetation by brushing once every 3 years instead of once every 5 years. Prune riparian vegetation rather than completely removing it. Preserve as much ground vegetation as possible, and brush only where necessary for human safety rather than for convenience.

AQ3, S3 Construct fire lines and ditches by hand on all slopes greater than 35 percent.S3, AQ1, AQ3, AQ5, AQ6 

Use erosion control techniques such as tilling, waterbaring, or debris placement on fire lines. Construct waterbars on tractor and hand fire lines.

AQ6, AQ3, AQ1, W8 

Avoid placement of any fire line where water would be directed into waterbodies, floodplains, wetlands, headwalls, or areas of instability. 

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Use temporary stream crossings to temporarily cross riparian management areas with any equipment or vehicles (including ATVs). Follow BMPs under Stream Crossings. 

B-10 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Fire and Fuels - wildfire use and prescribed burning (cont.)

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ13 

Do not locate incident bases, camps (including spike/remote camps), helibases, staging areas, constructed helispots, and othercenters for incident activities in riparian management areas or within 200 feet of any waterbody, floodplain, or wetland.

AQ14, AQ3 Do not allow the introduction of volatile organic compounds into domestic waters supplies.V2, A Any associated surface-disturbing activities (i.e. control lines, access routes, helipads, etc.) must be located outside special status

plant habitat. 

V2 Treatments shall be designed to minimize travel through special status plant habitat.V2 Treatments shall occur during periods of special status plant dormancy.V2 Mechanical treatments shall not result in residual debris on special status plant sites.V2, AQ1, AQ6 Locate incident bases, camps, helibases, staging areas, helispots, and other centers for incident activities outside of RMAs. If the only 

suitable location for such activities is within the RMA, an exemption may be granted following a review and recommendation by aresource advisor. The advisor will prescribe the location, use conditions, and rehabilitation requirements, with attainment of aquatic 

objectives as a primary goal. Use an interdisciplinary team, including a fishery biologist, to predetermine incident base and helibase locations during presuppression planning, with attainment of aquatic objectives.

AQ1, AQ12, AQ14 Avoid delivery of chemical retardant, foam, or additives to surface waters, source water protection areas, or water of domestic 

use. An exception may be warranted in situations where overriding immediate safety imperatives exist, or, following a review and 

recommendation by a resource advisor and a fishery biologist, when the action agency determines an escape fire would cause more long term damage to aquatic habitats than chemical delivery to surface waters.

S3, V4, W8, W4 Down wood shall be left in place across treatment areas to meet down wood objectives (see Down wood table in Vegetation Section) 

rather than piled and burned.

W8, AQ10, AQ5, WSR1 

Prohibit mechanical piling within riparian management areas and prohibit mechanical fuel reduction equipment within 75 feet ofstreams and other waterbodies.

AQ6, AQ9, W8 Prohibit tractor piling in areas that could deliver sediment to waterbodies, floodplains, and wetlands.T1, T2, AQ6 Use temporary stream crossings if necessary for equipment to access the opposite side. Follow Temporary Stream Crossing practices 

under Roads section.

FU3, S3, AQ3, AQ11, AQ6, W8 

Locate hand piles outside of or above the first slope break of fish-bearing streams, perennial streams, intermittent streams and lentic areas. The greater of these areas applies.

S3, AQ1, AQ3, AQ5, AQ6, T4-6 

Install waterbars and seed all constructed firelines with native or adapted nonnative species as appropriate.

VR1, WSR1, AC1 Consider effects on visual quality when making fire suppression and rehabilitation decisions. 

B-11 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Vegetation Management General V2 Vegetation management projects could occur within special status plant habitat depending on treatment timing, extent and practice. V2 Prescribed fire would be the preferred method of vegetation treatment in special status plant habitat. V2 Vegetation treatments would be designed to minimize travel through special status plan habitat. V2 Vegetation treatments would occur during periods of special status plant dormancy. V2 Mechanical vegetation treatments would not result in residual debris on special status plant sites. AQ10, V1, V5, W4, AC10, N1, W7, W8 There are instances where the use of desirable non-natives would be considered and used following the BLM Manual 1745. Examples of when non-natives would be considered include but are not limited to the following. When natives are not currently available and seeding must proceed. Example: 1. Fire rehabilitation situations where liability or excessive resource damage may force the BLM to act quickly. a. Road cuts and fills where soil loss is excessive. b. When the substrate has been so degraded that native species will not do well for a considerable length of time. Natives often do 2. not do well when over half the A horizon in the soil has been removed. Examples: Road cuts where top soil is gone (natives able to prevent soil loss no longer adapted). a. Other areas where excessive soil erosion has occurred. b. When natives will not meet the objectives for the site. Example: 3. Weed prevention is important and natives won’t compete well enough to make a project effective. Seeding can be effective a. at reducing weed infestations. When the environment is already highly altered and will remain so. Examples: 4. In parking lot areas or on irrigated areas. a. Sites where native species cannot handle the use and non-natives can. b. Places where non-natives might add a desirable attribute to the site and not degrade other areas. c. 

Road shoulders where continual disturbance is assured. d.

When the large size of the seeding requires use of commercially obtained native species that...Example: 5. 

May not be adapted to the area. a. May contaminate the gene pool of natives on the site. b. 

B-12 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Timber Sales and Forest Health Treatments

S1, S3, V4, AQ1, AQ3 

To reduce soil disturbance and compaction, machine pile using excavator with grapple, or as an alternative to piling masticate or chip fuel loads.

S3, AQ1, AQ3, AQ5, AQ6, T4-6 

Install water bars and apply native seed, when available, to skid trails and landings prior to temporary seasonal closures and following harvest operations. Consider ripping or subsoiling on skid trails and abandoned haul roads to reduce compaction where 

soil and slope conditions permit.

AC1, WSR1, S1, S3, VR1 

Cutting areas would be shaped and designed to blend as closely as possible with natural terrain and landscape minimizing the effect on total forest vistas. Consideration will be given to future harvesting, impacts of road construction and other relevant factors.

S1, S3, V4, V5,AQ1, W8, VR1, FU3, V1 

Use silvicultural practices that best meet the management goals and related land-use prescriptions. Each sale plan must includeplans for prompt reforestation of the sale area after completion of the timber harvest operation by natural or artificial means 

(Disturbed areas will be artificially reforested when natural forest regeneration cannot be reasonably expected in 5-15 years). 

V4, S1, S3, AQ1, VR1, WSR1, AQ11 

Selection cutting, shelter wood cutting, clear cutting or their various modifications are available options. Clear cutting should not be used as a cutting practice where a) soil slope or other watershed conditions are fragile and subject to unacceptable damage; b) 

there is no assurance that the area can be adequately restocked within five years after harvest, or c) aesthetic values outweigh other considerations.

V4, V5, S1, S3,AQ1, VR1, WSR1, AQ12 

Clear cutting should be used only where it is silviculturally essential to accomplish the relevant forest management objectives, or where the size of clear-cut blocks, patches, or strips is kept at the minimum necessary to accomplish silvicultural and other multiple-use management objectives. Cutting units should not exceed 40 acres in normal circumstances. More than 40 acres may be appropriate for salvage of an area already environmentally damaged by fire, insect or wind, or where larger cutting units would minimize road construction and other actions which would result in greater adverse environmental impact on the total forest.

AQ10, V1, V5, W7, W8 

The selection of trees in partial cuts would be made in a manner to improve the genetic composition of the reforested stand.

V5 Logging units will be laid out in a manner that would reduce the risk of windthrow.V2, V4, AQ11, W4, W7, W8 

Encourage complete utilization of all harvested trees, including marginal and non-commercial species. Each forest products sale will provide opportunity for maximum use of all timber or other vegetative resources sold and to prevent destruction of unused materials, provided that such utilization is consistent with wildlife requirements.

A1, V4,V5,FU3,AQ1, S3, W1,W4, W5, W6, 

To achieve fire hazard reduction, and to provide for reforestation and other intensive forest management opportunities, full consideration must be given at time of sale planning to desirability and method of slash disposal and site preparation. Factors to be considered include but are not limited to utilization of material, removal of debris, smoke management, fire protection, watershed protection, soil compaction, nutrient loss, wildlife habitat requirements, animal damage, and reforestation requirements.

S3, FU1 Plan for use of harvest systems that minimize damage to the site and reserved trees, and provide maximum protection from fire, 

insects, disease, wind, and other hazards.

AQ3, AQ6, AQ11, W4, W5, W8, V5,N1 

Use directional felling systems where needed to minimize site damage; to protect streams, buffer strips, riparian areas, cultural sites,or reserved timber (including wildlife trees); or to increase timber utilization.

S1, S3, AQ6, AQ10 Logging systems that least disturbs the soil mantel and RMAs are preferred to those methods that contribute to soil movement. 

B-13 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Vegetation Management - Timber Sales and Forest Health Treatments (cont.) S1, S3, AQ1, AQ3, AQ6, AQ12, AQ7 Tractor skid trails would be designed and located to avoid cross ridge and cross drainage operations. Tractor skidding would be avoided on slopes greater than 35 percent. Waterbars would be installed on skid trails when logging is finished. S1, S3, W8, AQ3, 

AQ6, W5, W8, VR1, WC1 

Landings will be of minimum size commensurate with safety and equipment requirements and located on stable areas to minimizethe risk of material entering adjacent streams and waters. Landings should be located on firm ground away from RMAs. Avoid landing locations on unstable areas, steep side hills or areas which require excessive excavation.

VR1, V5, WSR1,AC1, R5, R6 

Shape and design cutting areas to blend as much as possible with the natural terrain and landscape. The cutting area should minimize the effect on the total forest vista with due regard for future harvesting, impacts of road construction and other relevant factors.

S1, W5, W7, W8,L2, R5 

Logging activities would be timed to minimize adverse impacts to other resource values.

S1, S3, V4, Preserving the upper soil strata for the subsequent growing of future forest crops depends in large part on the care, planning, and

professional judgment exercised in sale layout. Allow no more than 12 percent of the area, excluding permanent roads, to become compacted during initial stand entry. Reentry of previously compacted stands will include mitigation (ripping, tilling, etc.) to reduce compaction to acceptable levels. 

A1, V4,V5,FU1,AQ1, S3, W1,W4, W5, W6, 

Protection of streams, wetlands-riparian areas, and other waters. When planning operations along streams, lakes, bogs, swamps marshes, wet meadows, springs, seeps or other sources where the presence of water is indicated, protect soil and vegetation from disturbance that could cause non-attainment of Aquatic and Wildlife Objectives. Give special consideration around sources that supply domestic water. Use streamside buffer strips of vegetation to attain Aquatic Objectives and protect natural streamside beauty. 

F3, V4, AQ4, AQ7, AQ9, L2 

Where timber should be removed because it would be subject to excessive wind throw and where it is difficult to leave an adequate buffer of timber to shade and protect the stream, plan to reestablish cover along the stream after cutting is completed. Fast growing deciduous species or other suitable vegetation may be required to restore shade as quickly as possible. Leave understory vegetation 

as undisturbed as possible to filter runoff and help stabilize the soil.

AQ1, AQ3, S3 Avoid trapping and turning small streams out of their natural beds.AQ3, AQ6, AQ11, W4, W5, W8, V5,N1 

If debris should unintentionally enter any stream, such debris shall be removed concurrently with the yarding operation and before removal of equipment from the project site. Removal of debris shall be accomplished in such a manner that the natural streambed conditions and streambank vegetation are not disturbed. 

B-14 
	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Seeding for Vegetative Rehabilitation

AQ10, V1, V5, W4, AC10, N1, W7, W8 

Guidance is also given in BLM Manual Section 1745; Introduction, Transplant, Augmentation, and Reestablishment of Fish, Wildlife, and Plants. This manual states that: “native species shall be used, unless through the NEPA process it is determined that . . .”1. Suitable native species are not available.2. The natural biological diversity will not be diminished.3. Exotic or naturalized species can be confined within the proposed treatment area.4. Analysis of appropriate information (including ecological site inventory) indicates that a site will not support reestablishment of 

a species that was historically part of the natural environment.

5. Resource management objectives cannot be met with native species.

AQ10, V1, V5, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8, FU1 

In addition to the initial 5 questions from BLM Manual Section 1754 emergency fire rehabilitation requires that the followingquestions are addressed:1. Is the use of non-native plants necessary to meet objectives, e.g., consistent with applicable land use / activity plans?2. Will non-native plants meet the objective(s) for which they are planted without unacceptably diminishing diversity and 

disrupting ecological processes (nutrient cycling, water infiltration, energy flow, etc.) in the plant community?

3. Will non-native plants stay on the site they are seeded and not significantly displace or interbreed with native plants?

AQ10, V1, V5, W4, AC10, N1, W7, W8 

The BLM does not generally seed desirable non-native species where ecosystems are intact because there is no reason to do so if a site is properly functioning. Desirable non-natives would be given consideration when trying to restore degraded sites (i.e. 

rangeland infested with weeds or annual grasses, abandoned agriculture fields, areas with high probability of weed infestation after some form of disturbance, and areas where noxious weed infestations are being treated and competitive species are needed to aid in restoration/rehabilitation). Even in these cases the site would not be seeded to 100% desirable non-natives, a mixture of natives and desirable non-natives would be used (generally at least 50% natives) so that when those desirable non-natives that will eventually go out of the stand no longer persist, the seed source is there for native species regeneration. Some desirable non-native species will, however, persist indefinitely in open conditions. Ideally, seeding with non-natives should be a short-term measure to protect resource values until natives can re-establish. However, the objectives of each particular project, both short and long term, should drive the process of species selection. If research or information becomes available on a particular species that causes concern for the invasive potential of that species, it would not be included in a species mix. 

B-15 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Watershed Restoration Riparian Vegetation Treatment AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 Conduct non-commercial treatments of vegetation in the riparian area (as defined by the Aquatic objectives) as a means to help restore plant species composition and structure that would occur under natural disturbance regimes. The resulting benefits to the aquatic system can include desired levels of stream shade, bank stability, stream nutrients, large wood inputs, increased grasses, forbs, and shrubs, and reduced soil erosion. An additional benefit includes fuels reduction, which decreases the probability of a catastrophic fire in a watershed containing isolated populations of ESA listed fish. Treatments may include, but are not limited to, the following: thin conifers in even-age stands (typically plantations) to expedite late-seral conditions; thin conifer under-story to maintain viability of later-seral trees; create stand structure that would be expected under natural disturbance regimes; alder treatments; disease pocket treatments; create planting gaps to promote growth of conifers, deciduous trees, shrubs, and grass. Further, brush (felled trees) removal, planting of tree seedlings (conifer and deciduous) and shrubs, and animal damage control (no pesticides) are included. Equipment may include chainsaws, pruning shears, winch machinery, and slash-busters. The use of feller­ buncher machinery is not specifically provided for here. AQ6, W4, W8, 

AQ3, AQ11 

An experienced silviculturist, botanist, ecologist, or associated technician, and wildlife biologist shall be involved in designing vegetation treatments.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

No new roads or landings will be constructed in RMAs except at minimal crossings designed to attain Aquatic Objectives. Re-route 

existing roads and restore landings

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

Thin conifers to accelerate attainment of late-seral conditions. 

A project example is thinning riparian areas in the ecosystem initiation 

or competitive exclusion developmental stages (Cary and Cuertis 1996) within plantations (i.e., where even-aged stands are growing because of previous silvicultural prescriptions, wildfire, or disease.)

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

Thin dense understories to maintain survival of late-seral trees. A project example is thinning dense understory stands of early- to mid-seral ponderosa pine which have become established as a result of fire exclusion.

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

Restore meadow sites along stream corridors or adjacent uplands through removal of conifers which have become established as a result of fire exclusion or other anthropogenic causes.

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

To increase species diversity of riparian vegetation, fell conifer and/or hardwood trees (if above natural stocking levels) to create planting gaps. 

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

Trees felled within riparian area will be used to restore aquatic and terrestrial habitat by returning large and coarse woody debris levels to within the range of natural variability (RNV). Felled trees in excess of the RNV can be removed or piled and burned.

AQ7, AQ10, W8 Restoration and construction shall be designed to produce native facultative, wetland and obligate species in wetland/hydric soils 

and manage to have arrested or retrogressed growth forms in the woody species.

AQ1, AQ3, AQ5, AQ12 

Within each sixth field sub watershed containing listed aquatic species or water quality limited streams, no more than 10% of the total riparian area, measured as adjacent stream length, will be treated within any one year period. This includes 10% of flowing 

streams, and 10% of intermittent streams, measured separately. 

B-16 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Riparian Vegetation Treatment (controlled burning)

AQ11, AQ12, W8, V4, AQ10 

Implement controlled burning to help restore plant species composition and structure that would occur under natural fire disturbance regimes. Controlled burning of piled, pre-commercially thinned trees associated with other vegetation treatments is permissible. Resulting benefits include restoration of desired levels of stream shade, bank stability, soil erosion and stream turbidity, stream nutrients, and/or large wood inputs. Additional benefits include maintenance of late-seral (old-growth) trees which serve as sources of large wood to streams and a reduced potential of catastrophic fire within watersheds occupied by isolated populations of ESA-listed fish. This treatment should maintain the function of the riparian area as it affects the aquatic environment (e.g.,temperature regime). Equipment would include drip torches and chainsaws, along with fire suppression vehicles and equipment.

AQ3 An experienced fuels technician, silviculturist, and fisheries biologist shall be involved in designing prescribed burn treatments.

AQ10, V1, V5, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Prescriptions/burn plans should be written to help restore plant species composition and structure that would occur under natural 

fire regimes. 

FU3, AQ11, V5, S3, AQ6 

Low severity burns shall constitute the dominant type of controlled burn, resulting in a mosaic pattern of burned and unburned landscape. Low severity burns, as defined in the National Fire Plan, are characterized by the following: low soil heating, or light ground char, occurs where litter is scorched, charred, or consumed, but the duff is left largely intact, although it can be charred on the surface. Woody debris accumulation is partially consumed or charred. Mineral soil is not changed. Fire severity in forest ecosystems is low if the litter and duff layers are scorched but not altered over the entire depth.

FU3, AQ11, V5, S3, AQ6 

Moderate-severity burns are permitted in no more than 20% of the riparian area to invigorate decadent aspen stands, willows, and other relevant deciduous species. Such burns shall be contained within the observable historic boundaries of the aspen stand or willow site. Moderate-fire severity, as defined in the National Fire Plan, is characterized by the following: moderate soil heating, or moderate ground char, occurs where the litter on forest sites is consumed and the duff is deeply charred or consumed, but the underlying mineral soil surface is not visibly altered. Light colored ash is present. Woody debris is mostly consumed, except for logs, which are deeply charred.

FU3, AQ11, V5, S3, AQ6 

Non-commercial tree thinning and slash removal may be required to reduce fuel loads required to implement a low to moderate severity burn. 

FU3, AQ11, V5, S3, AQ6 

Tree thinning may be required prior to project implementation to create fuel loads necessary to carry a controlled fire.

AQ3, W8, FU3, AQ11, V5, S3, AQ6 

To the greatest degree possible, avoid creating hydrophobic soils when burning slash piles within the riparian areas adjacent to the stream. Slash piles should be far enough away from the stream channel so as any sediment resulting from this action will be less likely to reach the stream.

AQ3, W8, FU3, AQ11, V5, S3, AQ6 

Ignition can occur within certain riparian area as long as these BMPs and aquatic objectives are met. 

B-17 
Riparian Area Invasive Plant Treatment

General

AQ5, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Invasive plant treatment in riparian areas is intended to improve the function of riparian areas by restoring native ecosystem components. In general, improved riparian function due to invasive plant treatment will benefit listed fish by restoring inputs ofnative detritus to stream systems and reducing erosion. Treatment of invasive plant sites may include one or more of the following treatment methods listed below. A combination of treatments may be necessary to achieve effective control or eradication of an invasive plant species at many sites. All herbicide applications will comply with label instructions and may be further restricted as stated below. Treatment methods were selected due to their low potential for adversely affecting aquatic species, while facilitating riparian restoration through invasive plant control. Herbicides were selected due to their low toxicity to aquatic species and application methods were selected for their low potential for contaminating soils, thereby minimizing the risk of herbicides leaching to streams. Design invasive plant treatments to reduce or eliminate adverse effects to species and critical habitats proposed and/or listed under the ESA. This may involve surveying for listed or proposed plants prior to implementing actions within unsurveyed habitat if the action has a reasonable potential to adversely affect the plant species. Use site-specific project design (e.g., application rate and method, timing, wind speed and direction, nozzle type and size, buffers, etc.) to mitigate the potential for adverse disturbance and/or contaminant exposure to ESA species.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8,WSR1 

Invasive plant infestation sites treated using herbicide, biological, manual or mechanical methods may be revegetated by planting cuttings, seedlings, or seeding. 

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8, WSR1 

Site preparation can involve removal of litterlduff layer suitable to allow proper soil to seedroot contact. This will be accomplished by scuffing/scalping micro-sites (generally less than one square meter) with hand tools within the larger planting/seeding site.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8, WSR1,S3 

Minimize ground disturbance by clearing only the area necessary for effective planting.

Manual and Mechanical

AQ5, AQ10, V1, Hand pulling of weeds - Uprooting is performed either by hand or using hand (non-motorized) tools. Generally appropriate for V4, W4, AC1, N1, non-rhizome forming, tap-rooted species andlor species which produce only from seed. Treatment occurs when plant growth stage W7, W8 and soil conditions allow, and prior to seed-set for annual species. Hand pulling of emergent invasive plants is included.AQ5, AQ10, V1, Seed clipping - Weed seed heads are cut, bagged, and removed from the area. The remainder of plant is left intact but is likely to be V4, W4, AC1, N1, treated with another method.W7, W8AQ5, AQ10, V1, Stabbing weeds - Some invasive plants can be severely weakened or klled by severing or injuring the carbohydrate storage structure 

V4, W4, AC1, N1, at the base of the plant. Depending on species, this structure may be a root corm, storage rhizome, or taproot. Can be accomplishedW7, W8 with shovel, hoe, or similar hand tool. 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

B-18 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Manual and Mechanical (cont.)

AQ5, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Girdling - A strip of bark is removed around the base of susceptible woody species.

AQ5, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, 

W7, W8 

The vascular cambium, or inner bark, which translocates carbohydrates between roots and leaves, is removed

AQ5, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Cutting weeds- Removal of the above-ground portion of an invasive plant by cutting with chainsaw, handsaw, pruning shears, or similar hand held device. Also includes mowinglcutting with a string-trimmer type machine, which does not have wheels or contact the ground. 

AQ5, AQ10, V1, V4, W4, AC1, N1, 

W7, W8 

Solarization (ground cover)of weeds - Invasive plant infestations may be covered with plastic, geotextile, cardboard, or other ground cover material to kill the plant and roots or reduce plant vigor prior to treatment with another method.

AQ12, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, 

N1, W7, W8 

Minimize treating invasive plants on banks from the stream when listed aquatic species are present.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Use the least ground disturbing method that results in effective invasive plant treatment.

Biological Controls

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Biological control is the inoculation of an infestation site with insects, parasites, or pathogens that specifically target the invasive plant species of concern. Treatment of invasive plant infestations with biological controls is a gradual process requiring several years to reach full effectiveness. Subsequent treatment with other methods may also occur.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, 

N1, W7, W8, L2 

All biological controls used will be U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and state approved.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8, L2 

Agents demonstrated to have direct negative effects on non-target organisms will not be released. 

B-19 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Herbicide Treatments AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8, L2 Stem-injection - Stems of actively growing species are injected with herbicide, usually near the base of the plant. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Cut-stump -Herbicide is applied by spray, squirt, or Wickinglarge woodiping to the stump of a plant (usually a shrub or tree) shortly after the shoot or trunk is cut down. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Wicking, & wiping - Use a sponge or wick to wipe herbicide onto foliage, stems, or trunk. Use of Wickinglarge woodiping method reduces the possibility affecting non-target plants. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Spot application - Herbicide is directly sprayed onto target plants only, and spraying of desirable, non-target vegetation is avoided. Includes backpack and hand-pumped spray or squirt bottles, which can target very small plants or parts of plants (foliage, stems, or trunk). AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Hack & squirt - Woody species are cut using a saw or axe or drilled; herbicide is then immediately applied to the cut with a backpack sprayer, squirt bottle, syringe, or similar equipment. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Only daily use quantities of herbicides will be transported to the project site. For extremely remote locations, such as portions of the Lower John Day River, less than a 5 day quantity will be transported. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 In order to allow efficient volatilization of naptha solvent, application like sethoxydim will only occur during warm (above 60°F), dry weather. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Do not apply herbicides if precipitation is likely within 24 hours. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, 

N1, W7, W8 

The only herbacide application methods for plants emergent from water are stem injection,wicking or wipping, and hand-held spray bottle application. No application to submerged aquatic vegetation with any herbicide is included.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, 

N1, W7, W8 

Areas used for mixing herbicides will be placed where an accidental spill will not run into surface waters or result in groundwater contamination. Impervious material will be placed beneath mixing areas in such a manner as to contain any spills associated withmixing/refilling.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Equipment cleaning and storage and disposal of rinsates and containers will follow all applicable state and Federal laws. 

B-20 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Herbicide Treatments (cont.) 

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

When approved herbicides are transported to a project site in a watercraft (inflatable boat, motor boat, etc), the following protections shall be implemented: no more than one day volume of herbicide(s) shall be transported to project site; herbicide(s) shall be transported in one gallon or smaller containers, sealed in a water- and air-tight plastic bag, and placed in a buoyant dry-bag. The entire package should be securely tied to the watercraft.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

When consistent with label instructions, use water when diluting herbicides prior to application.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

A spill cleanup kit will be available whenever herbicides are used, transported, or stored.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

A certified/licensed pesticide applicator will oversee all herbicide application projects.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Use only surfactants or adjuvants in riparian areas that do not contain any ingredients on EPA’s List 1 or 2, where listing indicates a chemical is of toxicological concern, or is potentially toxic with a high priority for testing.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Individual special status plants would be flagged or carefully mapped prior to weed treatment.

V2 In sites with special status plants, manual treatment would be preferred over chemical.V2 Application of chemicals would be carefully controlled in/near sites with special status plants.V2 Chemicals which result in residual effects would not be allowed in sites with special status plants.AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Weed stem-injection: Individuals will be familiar with proper stem-injection methodology prior to treatment. Only aquaticglyphosate formulations will be used. New formulations may be used if they afford better or equivalent protection for aquatic species. The formulation can be used at up to 100% concentration for the stem injection method. The formulation will be diluted to50% or less active ingredient when applied directly to fresh stem cuts using wicking and wiping and up to the percentage allowed by label instructions when applied to foliage using low pressure hand-held spot spray applicators. Larger emergent weeds can be treated with glyphosate by stem injection, and smaller emergent weeds by wicking/wiping and spot spray with hand-held sprayers. Wicking/wiping and hand-held spray bottle application of glyphosate is allowed to emergent weed plants less than four to five feet tall, and usually smaller. Emergent plants with stems over 0.75 inch in diameter will be treated by stem injection.

AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

Cut-stump and hack & squirt : Herbicides which may be used are imazapyr, metsulfuron methyl, and aquatic labeled glyphosate. New herbacides may be used if they provide equivalent or better protection for aquatic species. Application with aquatic labeled glyphosate and aquatic labeled imazapyr allowed to waters edge and to bankfull level for metsulfuron methyl and imazapyr not labeled for aquatic use. 

B-21 
Herbicide Treatments (cont.) 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Wicking and wiping: Herbicides to be used are chlorsulfuron, clopyralid, aquatic labeled glyphosate, imazapyr, metsulfuron methyl, sethoxydim, and sulfometuron methyl. New herbacides may be used if they provide equivalent or better protection for aquatic species. For perennial streams, Wicking and wiping application with aquatic labeled glyphosate and aquatic labeled imazapyr is allowed to waters edge and to bankfull level for chlorsulfuron, clopyralid, imazapyr (not aquatic labeled), metsulfuron methyl, sethoxydim, and sulfometuron methyl. For perennial streams, emergent weed-stems < 0.75 inches in diameter can be treated with wichng and wiping of aquatic labeled glyphosate. For intermittent and ephemeral channels, chlorsulfuron, clopyralid, aquatic labeled glyphosate, imazapyr, metsulfuron methyl, sethoxydim, and sulfometuron methyl can be applied to all dry portions of the channel. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Spot application: Herbicides to be used are chlorsulfuron, clopyralid, aquatic glyphosate, imazapyr, sethoxydim, metsulfuron methyl, and sulfometuron methyl. New herbacides may be used if they provide equivalent or better protection for aquatic species. Do not spot spray sethoxydim or clopyralid within 15 feet, and chlorsulfuron within 50 feet, of perennial stream bankfull. Do not spot spray sethoxydim, clopyralid, or chlorsulfuron within intermittent or ephemeral channels. Spot spray using aquatic labeled glyphosate and aquatic labeled imazapyr allowed to edge of water with hand-held, hand-pump spray or squirt bottles (no backpack sprayers). Do not spot spray sethoxydim or clopyralid within 15 feet, and chlorsulfuron within 50 feet, of perennial stream bankfull. AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 Do not spot spray sethoxydim, clopyralid, or chlorsulfuron within intermittent or ephemeral channels. Spot spray using aquatic labeled glyphosate and aquatic labeled imazapyr allowed to edge of water with hand-held, hand-pump spray or squirt bottles (no backpack sprayers). Hand-held spot spray of aquatic glyphosate to emergent weed (c 0.75 inches stem diameter) is allowed. Spot spray using metsulfuron methyl and sulfometuron methyl allowed to bankfull level of perennial streams with backpack sprayers, hand-pump sprayers, and squirt bottles. Spot spray of aquatic labeled glyphosate, imazapyr, metsulfuron methyl, and sulfometuron methyl within dry intermittent and ephemeral channels allowed onlywith hand-held, hand-pumped sprayers and squirt bottles (no backpack sprayers). Excluding backpack spot spray is a conservation measure intended to minimize overspray within channels, and subsequent “first flush” exposures to aquatic resources, while still allowing full efficacy of the treatment AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 For foliar backpack spray applications, use only low pressure sprayers producing droplet sizes between 200 and 800 microns to minimize drift. Backpack spray activities will only occur during conditions with low drift potential, defined as wind velocities greater than two and less than 10 mph, or as stated on the herbicide label. Fuel Handling

AQ14, AQ6, Transport no more than a one day supply of fuel for chainsaws and string trimmers into riparian areas. The exception would AQ10, V1, V2, V4, include very remote areas such as portions of the Lower John Day River. In those areas, transport no more than a 5 day supply.W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8AQ14, AQ6, Fueling of chainsaws and string-trimmers will not occur within 100 feet of surface waters. AQ10, V1, V2, V4, 

W4, AC1, N1, W7, W8 

B-22 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Riparian Vegetation Planting

AQ10, AQ11, V4 Conduct riparian vegetation planting as a means to help restore plant species composition and structure that would occur under 

natural disturbance regimes. The resulting benefits to the aquatic system can include desired levels of stream shade, bank stability, stream nutrients, large wood inputs, increased grasses, forbs, and shrubs, and reduced soil erosion. Activities may include the following: planting conifers, deciduous tress and shrubs; placement of sedge and or rush mats; gathering and planting willowcuttings. Equipment may include excavators, backhoes, dump trucks, power augers, chainsaws, and manual tools.

FV4, FU3 An experienced silviculturist, botanist, ecologist, or associated technician shall be involved in designing vegetation treatments.W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

No roads or landings will be constructed in RMAs.

V4, AQ10, AC1, WSR1 

Species to be planted must be of the same species that naturally occurs in the project area.

AQ4, AQ6, V4 Tree and shrub species as well as sedge and rush mats to be used as transplant material shall come from outside the bankfull width, 

typically in abandoned flood plains, and where such plants are abundant.

V4, AQ10, AC1, WSR1 

Sedge and rush mats should be sized as to prevent their movement during high flow events.

AQ4, AQ6, V4 Concentrate plantings above the bankfull elevation.

In-stream Habitat Structures

AQ4, AQ12, V4 Place large wood and/or boulders in stream channels and adjacent floodplains to increase channel stability, rearing habitat, pool 

formation, spawning gravel deposition, channel complexity, hiding cover, low velocity areas, and floodplain function. In areas where natural gravel supplies are low (immediately below reservoirs, for instance), gravel placement may be used to improve spawning habitat. Full channel-spanning porous boulder weirs (boulder weirs) can only be installed in streams with a legacy of splash damming, stream cleaning, or other activities that have resulted in highly uniform, incised, bedrock-dominated channels with few boulders or woody debris. Live and or dead trees may be removed to provide large wood for restoration projects, under special conditions described herein. Large wood, boulder, and gravel projects would include the use of log trucks and dump trucks for transport and excavator-type machinery, spyders, cable yarders, draft horses, or helicopters for placement

AQ4, AQ12, V4 Place large wood and boulders only in those areas where they would naturally occur and in a manner that closely mimics natural 

accumulations for that particular stream type. large wood includes whole conifer and hardwood trees, logs, and root wads. large wood size (diameter and length) should account for bankfull width and stream discharge rates. When available, trees with rootwads should be a minimum of 1 . 5 bankfull channel width, while logs without rootwads should be a minimum of 2.0 x bankfull width. Structures may partially or completely span stream channels or be positioned along stream banks.

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

No conifers should be felled in the riparian area for in-channel large wood placement unless conifers are fully stocked and are consistent with prescriptions in vegetation treatment categories. Felled hazard trees can be used for in-channel wood placement.

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

Key boulders (footings) or large wood can be buried into the stream bank or channel but shall not constitute the dominant placement method of boulders and large wood. 

B-23 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement In-stream Habitat Structures (cont.) AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Anchoring large wood with cable should be used sparingly, primarily for the protection of infrastructure and in consideration of downstream landowner concerns. Before using cable, attempt to use, when feasible, the following anchoring alternatives, in preferential order: 1) use adequate sized wood sufficient for stability; 2) orient and place adequate sized wood in such a way that wood movement is unlikely; 3) use ballasting (gravel and/or rock) to increase the mass of the structure to resist movement; 4) use large boulders as anchor points for the large wood; and 5) pin wood to large rock with rebar to increase wood weight. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Gravel augmentation should only occur in areas where the natural supply has been eliminated or significantly reduced through anthropogenic means. Gravel to be placed in streams shall be a properly sized gradation for that stream, clean, and non-angular. When possible use gravel of the same lithology as found in the watershed. After gravel placement, allow the stream to naturally sort and distribute the material. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Full channel spanning boulder weirs are to be installed only in highly uniform, incised, bedrock-dominated channels to enhance or provide fish habitat in stream reaches where log placements are not practicable due to channel conditions (not feasible to place logs of sufficient length, bedrock dominated channels, deeply incised channels, artificially constrained reaches, etc.), where damage to infrastructure on public or private lands is of concern, or where private landowners will not allow log placements due to concerns about damage to their streambanks or property. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Install boulder weirs low in relation to channel dimensions so that they are completely overtopped during channel-forming flow events (approximately a 1.5- year flow event). If larger boulders are needed to withstand bankfull flows, boulder size should be determined through a site-specific analysis - such as a shear stress analysis - and should not promote bank scouring and channel routing around the structure. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Boulder weirs are to be placed diagonally across the channel or in more traditional AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 “V” or “U” boulder weir configurations with the apex oriented upstream. bouldeweirs are to be constructed to allow upstream and downstream passage of all native fish species and life stages that occur in the stream. This can be accomplished by providing plunges no greater than 6” in height, allowing for juvenile fish passage at all flows. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 The use of gabions, cable or other means to prevent the movement of individual boulders in a boulder weir is not allowed. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, 

V4 

Rock for boulder weirs shall be durable and of suitable quality to assure permanence in the climate in which it is to be used. Rock sizing depends on the size of the stream, maximum depth of flow, plan form, entrenchment, and ice and debris loading

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

The project designer or an inspector experienced in these instream structures should be present during installation.

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

Full spanning boulder weir placement should be coupled with measures to improve habitat complexity and protection of riparian areas to provide long-term inputs of large wood.

W7, W8, AQ10, AQ5, WSR1 

A wildlife biologist must be fully involved in all “Individual Tree Removal” planning efforts, and involved in making decisions on whether individual trees are suitable for nesting or have other important listed bird habitat value.

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

For large wood restoration projects in RMAs, trees may be removed by cable, horses or helicopters, and felled directly into the stream. Felled trees may be stock piled for later use for instream restoration projects. 

B-24 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

In-stream Habitat Structures (cont.)

W7, W8, AC1, AQ13 

No suitable nesting trees greater the 36” dbh are to be removed. Trees greater than 36” may be felled if a wildlife biologist determines those trees do not provide suitable nesting habitat

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11, V4 

Individual trees or small groups of trees (<5) should come from the periphery of permanent openings (roads, etc) or from theperiphery of non-permanent openings (e.g., plantations, along recent clear-cuts, etc).

W7, W8, AC1 Single trees may only be removed from the first two lines of trees.W7, W8, AC1, AQ13 

Trees selected for harvest for large wood restoration projects must be spaced at least one site potential tree height apart and at least one crown width from any trees with potential nesting structure for ESA listed bird species.

W7, W8, AC1, AQ4AQ6, AQ12, 

AQ13 

No conifers should be felled in the riparian area for in-channel large wood placement unless conifers are fully stocked and are consistent with vegetation objectives. Felled hazard trees should be used for in-channel wood placement.

W7, W8, AC1, AQ4AQ6, AQ12, 

AQ13 

When removing large wood from blow-down or an area burned by a wildfire, consult a wildlife biologist to determine which trees can be removed without adversely affecting wildlife habitat.

Large Wood, Boulder, and Gravel Placement

AQ4, AQ12, V4 Place large wood and/or boulders in stream channels and adjacent floodplains to increase channel stability, rearing habitat, pool 

formation, spawning gravel deposition, channel complexity, hiding cover, low velocity areas, and floodplain function. In areas where natural gravel supplies are low (immediately below reservoirs, for instance), gravel placement may be used to improve spawning habitat. Full channel-spanning porous boulder weirs (boulder weirs) can only be installed in streams with a legacy of splash damming, stream cleaning, or other activities that have resulted in highly uniform, incised, bedrock-dominated channels with few boulders or woody debris. Live and or dead trees may be removed to provide large wood for restoration projects, under special conditions described herein. Large wood, boulder, and gravel projects would include the use of log trucks and dump trucks for transport and excavator-type machinery, spyders, cable yarders, draft horses, or helicopters for placement

AQ4, AQ12, V4 Place large wood and boulders only in that area where they would naturally occur and in a manner that closely mimics natural 

accumulations for that particular stream type. Large wood includes whole conifer and hardwood trees, logs, and root wads. large wood size (diameter and length) should account for bankfull width and stream discharge rates. When available, trees with root wads should be a minimum of 1 . 5 bankfull channel width, while logs without root wads should be a minimum of 2.0 x bankfull width. Structures may partially or completely span stream channels or be positioned along stream banks.

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11 

No conifers should be felled in the riparian area for in-channel large wood placement unless conifers are fully stocked and are consistent with prescriptions in vegetation treatment categories. Felled hazard trees can be used for in-channel wood placement.

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

Key boulders (footings) or large wood can be buried into the stream bank or channel but shall not constitute the dominant placement method of boulders and large wood.

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

Anchoring large wood with cable should be used sparingly, primarily for the protection of infrastructure and in consideration of downstream landowner concerns. Before using cable, attempt to use, when feasible, the following anchoring alternatives, in 

preferential order: 1) use adequate sized wood sufficient for stability; 2) orient and place adequate sized wood in such a way that wood movement is unlikely; 3) use ballasting (gravel and/or rock) to increase the mass of the structure to resist movement; 4) use large boulders as anchor points for the large wood; and 5) pin wood to large rock with rebar to increase wood weight. 

B-25 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Large Wood, Boulder, and Gravel Placement (cont.) AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Gravel augmentation should only occur in areas where the natural supply has been eliminated or significantly reduced through anthropogenic means. Gravel to be placed in streams shall be a properly sized gradation for that stream, clean, and no angular. When possible use gravel of the same lithology as found in the watershed. After gravel placement, allow the stream to naturally sort and distribute the material. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Full channel spanning boulder weirs are to be installed only in highly uniform, incised, bedrock-dominated channels to enhance or provide fish habitat in stream reaches where log placements are not practicable due to channel conditions (not feasible to place logs of sufficient length, bedrock dominated channels, deeply incised channels, artificially constrained reaches, etc.), where damage to infrastructure on public or private lands is of concern, or where private landowners will not allow log placements due to concerns about damage to their streambanks or property. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Install boulder weirs low in relation to channel dimensions so that they are completely overtopped during channel-forming flow events (approximately a 1.5- year flow event). If larger boulders are needed to withstand bankfull flows, boulder size should be determined through a site-specific analysis - such as a shear stress analysis - and should not promote bank scouring and channel routing around the structure. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Boulder weirs are to be placed diagonally across the channel or in more traditional. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 “V” or “U” boulder weir configurations with the apex oriented upstream. bouldeweirs are to be constructed to allow upstream and downstream passage of all native fish species and life stages that occur in the stream. This can be accomplished by providing plunges no greater than 6” in height, allowing for juvenile fish passage at all flows. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 The use of gabions, cable or other means to prevent the movement of individual boulders in a boulder weir is not allowed. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Rock for boulder weirs shall be durable and of suitable quality to assure permanence in the climate in which it is to be used. Rock sizing depends on the size of the stream, maximum depth of flow, plan form, entrenchment, and ice and debris loading AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 The project designer or an inspector experienced in these instream structures should be present during installation. AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 Full spanning boulder weir placement should be coupled with measures to improve habitat complexity and protection of riparian areas to provide long-term inputs of large wood.

W7, W8, AQ10, AQ5, WSR1 

A wildlife biologist must be fully involved in all “Individual Tree Removal” planning efforts, and involved in making decisions on whether individual trees are suitable for nesting or have other important listed bird habitat value.

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4 

For large wood restoration projects in RMAs, trees may be removed by cable, horses or helicopters, and felled directly into the stream. Felled trees may be stock piled for later use for instream restoration projects.

W7, W8, AC1, AQ13 

No suitable nesting trees greater the 36” dbh are to be removed. Trees greater than 36” may be felled if a wildlife biologist determines those trees do not provide suitable nesting habitat

AQ6, W4, W8, AQ3, AQ11, V4 

Individual trees or small groups of trees (<5) should come from the periphery of permanent openings (roads, etc) or from theperiphery of non-permanent openings (e.g., plantations, along recent clear-cuts, etc).

W7, W8, AC1 Single trees may only be removed from the first two lines of trees. 

B-26 

 

Large Wood, Boulder, and Gravel Placement (cont.) 

W7, W8, AC1, Trees selected for harvest for large wood restoration projects must be spaced at least one site potential tree height apart and at least AQ13 one crown width from any trees with potential nesting structure for ESA listed bird species.W7, W8, AC1, No conifers should be felled in the riparian area for in-channel large wood placement unless conifers are fully stocked and are AQ4AQ6, AQ12, consistent with vegetation objectives. Felled hazard trees should be used for in-channel wood placement.AQ13W7, W8, AC1, When removing large wood from blow-down or an area burned by a wildfire, consult a wildlife biologist to determine which trees AQ4AQ6, AQ12, can be removed without adversely affecting wildlife habitat.AQ13 

Reconnection of Existing Side Channels and Alcoves

AQ4AQ6, AQ12, V4, W8 

Reconnect and/or restore existing side channels and alcoves to increase rearing habitat for juvenile fish and high flow refuge areas for all life stages of fish. Functioning side channels have inlet and outlet connections to the main channel and often contain flow only during flood events-bankfull or greater. Functioning alcoves are back-water channels that typically contain water during both low and high flows. This action includes the removal of plugs which block water movement through side channels and alcoves. Further, side channel and alcove improvements include fill removal within channels and alcoves, large wood and/or boulder placement,riparian planting, etc. Boulder placement may be used in the main river to stabilize the channel and bring the entrance of the side channel into alignment (vertically and horizontally). Construction would involve use of heavy equipment, such as excavators, spyders, backhoes, and dump trucks. These BMPs do not cover creation of new side channels, or excavation of severely aggraded (completely filled in) side channels and alcoves.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Excavated material removed from side-channels or alcoves shall be hauled to an upland site or spread across the adjacent floodplain 

in a manner that does not restrict floodplain capacity.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Design and construct side-channels in such a manner as to prevent the capture and relocation of the main channel.AQ4, AQ6, AQ7, AQ11 

Design project to naturally maintain inlet and outlet connections with the main stream channel (i.e., placement of large wood to increase local scour).

Head-cut Stabilization and Associated Fish Passage

AQ4, AQ6, AQ12 Stabilize active or potentially active head-cuts to prevent further channel degradation (upstream migration of head-cut) and to 

promote downstream channel aggredation. In streams currently or historically occupied by fish, provide fish passage over the stabilized headcut. Construction would involve use of heavy equipment, such as excavators, spyders, backhoes, dump trucks. These BMPs do not fully cover structures that include the use of gabion baskets, sheet pile, concrete, articulated concrete block, and/or cable anchors; and straight weirs, which disperse flows and can cause channel widening and thus structure “flanking” (erosion around the ends of the structure). The choice of design should be based on site characteristics and limitations (i.e., channel slope,bed material type), but may also be based on material availability, economics, land use, design competence or familiarity, and/or regulatory restrictions (i.e., jump heights for fish).

AQ6, AQ13 Rock and organic material placement is often used on severe headcuts in meadow areas to stop further channel incision. Stream 

types are typically Rosgen “C” and “E” channel types. 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

B-27 

 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Head-cut Stabilization and Associated Fish Passage (cont.) AQ6, AQ13 When armoring a head-cut, use sufficient sizes and amounts of material to prevent continued up-stream movement of the headcut. Materials can include both rock and organic materials which are native to the area. AQ6, AQ13 Focus stabilization efforts in the plunge pool, the head cut, as well as a short distance of stream above the headcut. AQ6, AQ13 Minimize lateral migration of channel around head cut (”flanking”) by placing rocks and/or organic material at a lower elevation in the center of the channel cross section to direct flows to the middle of channel. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 In streams with current or historic fish presence, provide fish passage over stabilized head-cut. Log or rock weir structures may be used to provide fish passage. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Short-term headcut stabilization (including emergency stabilization projects) may occur without associated fish passage measures. However, fish passage must be incorporated into the final head cut stabilization action and be completed during the first subsequent in-water work period. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 In streams without current or historic fish presence, it is recommended to construct a series of downstream log or rock weirs to expedite channel aggradation. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Rock and log weirs are very low channel spanning structures that may be used to stabilize streambeds and halt channel incision in low gradient streams (generally less than 2%). AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Construct weirs in a ’V’ shape, oriented with the apex upstream, and lower in the center to direct flows to the middle of channel. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Key weirs into the stream bed to minimize structure undermining due to scour, preferably at least 2.5 their exposure height. The 

weir should also be keyed greater than 8 feet into both banks, if feasible.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If several structures will be used in series, space the weirs at the appropriate distances to promote fish passage of all life stages of 

native fish. Incorporate State fish passage criteria (jump height, pool depth, etc.) in the design of weir structures. Recommended weir spacing should be no closer than the net drop divided by the channel slope (for example, a one-foot high weir in a stream with a two-percent gradient will have a minimum spacing of 50-feet.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Include fine material in the weir material mix to help seal the weir channel bed, thereby preventing subsurface flow. Geotextile 

material can be used as an alternative approach to prevent subsurface flow.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Large roughness elements, such as wood and boulder placement, are the preferred head-cut treatment for those areas where large 

wood and boulders provide natural grade control. This technique is applicable to a wide range of stream types, from low gradient meandering streams (less than 1%) to high gradient cascade channels (greater than 8%). The goal of using large roughness elementsis not to completely halt the incision process, but rather to slow it down and spread the elevation change over a greater length of channel. Because log jams are porous structures, not all of the sediment will be held in place; sediment inputs, however, will be spread out over time and space.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Rock and wood structures should mimic natural colluvial features, such as debris flow or landslide deposits, to provide channel 

stabilization. 

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Rock and wood should be sized so that it is not mobile during the design flood. An engineering technical note regarding buoyancy 

is available through NRCS (http:llarge woodww.or.nrcs.usda.gov/technicallengineerin~eng-notes.html).

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 To promote or maintain fish passage, ensure that wood and boulder structures should contain enough spaces to allow for up and 

downstream movement of fish 

B-28 
Removal of Legacy Structures

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Remove large wood, boulders, rock gabions, and other in-channel structures that were constructed to improve fish habitat but were 

installed in a manner that was and continues to be inappropriate for the given stream type. Examples of such structures, which were typically installed in the 1980s and early 1970s, include boulder configurations in meadow streams, stair-step perpendicular log weirs, and rock gabions. These legacy structures typically resulted in widened stream channels, increased width/depth ratios, decreased sinuosity, and increased stream exposure to solar radiation. Removal of legacy structures would include the use of excavator-type machinery, spyders, backhoes, and dump trucks.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If the structure being removed contains material (i.e., large wood, boulders, etc) not typically found within the stream or floodplain 

at that site, remove material from the 100-year floodplain.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If the structure being removed contains material (i.e., large wood, boulders, etc) that is typically found within the stream or 

floodplain at that site, the material can be reused to implement habitat improvements described under Large Wood, Boulder, and Gravel Placement activity category in these BMPs

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If the structure being removed is keyed into the bank, fill in “key” holes with native materials as to restore contours of stream bank 

and floodplain. Compact the fill material adequately to prevent washing out of the soil during over bank flooding. Do not mine material from the stream channel to fill in “key” holes.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 When removal of buried (keyed) structures may result in significant disruption to riparian vegetation and/or the floodplain, consider 

using a chainsaw to extract the portion of log within the channel and leaving the buried sections within the streambank.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Assess sites for a potential to headcut below the natural stream gradient.AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If headcutting and channel incision are likely to occur due to structure removal, additional measures must be taken to reduce these 

impacts. 

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If the structure is being removed because it has caused an over-widening of the channel, consider implementing other restoration 

actions to decrease the width to depth ratio of the stream at that location to a level commensurate with upstream and downstream (within the same channel type).

Riparian Juniper Treatment (non-commercial)

AQ4, AQ6, V4 Fell juniper trees occurring in riparian and associated uplands to help restore natural plant species composition and structure

that would occur under natural fire regimes. The associated benefits to aquatic and riparian environments include the following: reduction of soil erosion into stream channels; increased frequencies and diversity of herbaceous, shrub, and tree species; increased bank stability and stream nutrients. Associated uplands include those areas where juniper stands are or will create conditions that result in lost ground cover and increased sedimentation into stream channels; upland treatments would only be covered if those treatments directly benefit the aquatic environment. Treatments will emphasize the removal of junipers above natural stocking levels. Equipment may include the use of feller-buncher type equipment, slashbuster, chainsaws, winch machinery, and/or prescribed fire.

W1, V4, S3, AQ1, Do not cut old-growth juniper, which typically has several of the following features: sparse limbs, dead limbed or spiked-tops, A3, AQ4, WSR1, deeply furrowed and fibrous bark, branches covered with bright-green arboreal lichens, noticeable decay of cambium layer at base AC1 of tree, and limited terminal leader growth in upper branches (Miller et al. 2005). 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

B-29 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Riparian Juniper Treatment (non-commercial) (cont.) W1, V4, S3, AQ1, A3, AQ4, WSR1, AC1 Where ground vegetation is sparse, leave felled juniper in sufficient quantities to promote reestablishment of vegetation and prevent erosion. S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 If seeding is a part of the action, consider whether seeding would be most appropriate before or after juniper treatment. AQ4, AQ6, AQ12 Where appropriate, move cut juniper stems into the stream channel and floodplain to provide aquatic benefits. Juniper can be felled or placed into the stream to promote channel aggradation as long as such actions do not obstruct fish movement, cover spawning gravels of ESA-listed fish or increase width to depth ratios. AQ4, AQ6, AQ12 Do not place juniper in streams if the action will preclude the stream from attaining its natural sinuosity. W4, V1 In forest and juniper woodland Bio-physical Settings, management activities must retain a minimum of 10% of live trees per acre including dominants. These trees are not to be counted toward future snag recruitment. AQ6, AQ12, 

AQ13, V4 

Prohibit activities that would degrade the sediment regime of perennial, perennial interrupted or intermittent stream channels. Activities may be allowed if the long term intent of an activity is to restore stream physical function (e.g. juniper removal, thinning conifer encroachment, etc). The combination of BLM actions to restore upland watershed conditions and other landowner activities shall not risk (1% or 100 year event) degrading sediment and flow regimes longer than 3 years. Limit treatment of riparian areas within each sixth field sub watershed, to less than 10% of the total riparian vegetation within any one year period. As an exception, low intensity burns backing into riparian areas may not exceed 50% of riparian area in 6th field watershed.

Bank Restoration

AQ4, AQ6, AQ12 Restore eroding stream banks to reduce chronic bank erosion, improve water quality, restore natural channel cross-sections, expand 

floodplain area, promote growth of riparian vegetation and create undercut banks for adult and juvenile fish hiding cover. Projects will not significantly restrict the channel migration zone and ability of the channel to form and maintain habitat. Construction mayinvolve use of heavy equipment, such as excavators, spyders, backhoes, and dump trucks. 

AQ4 Work will focus on eroding stream banks, primarily the outside edge of meander bends.V4, AQ10, AC1, WSR1 

To the extent possible, use bank stabilizing materials that would naturally occur at that site (such as large wood, woody and herbaceous plantings, native sedge/rush mats, and native rock).

AQ4, AQ6, VR1, WSR1 

Stream banks may be reshaped and sloped where the objective is to reduce blank slope angle to provide more favorable planting surfaces. Such work should not change the location of the bank toe.

AQ4, AQ6, VR1, WSR1 

Jute matting or other biodegradable material can be used with plantings to help prevent erosion of affected banks. 

B-30 
Floodplain Overburden Removal

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Remove anthropogenic overburden and fill, such as dredged mine tailings, railroad beds, dikes, berms, levees, and other fill types, 

from floodplains to restore natural floodplain functions. Such functions include overland flow during high-water events, dissipation of flood energy, increased water storage to augment low flows, sediment and debris deposition, growth of riparian vegetation, nutrient cycling, and development of side channels and alcoves. Construction would involve use of heavy equipment, such as excavators, earthmovers, scrapers, backhoes, front-end loaders, dump trucks, and bull dozers.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Create floodplain characteristics (elevation, width, gradient, length, and roughness) that mimic, those that would naturally occur at 

that stream and valley type.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Overburden or fill comprised of native materials, which originated from the project area, may be used to reshape the floodplain, 

placed in small mounds on the floodplain, used to fill anthropogenic holes, buried on site, and/or disposed into upland areas.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 To the greatest degree possible, non-native fill material, originating from outside the project area, shall be removed from the 

floodplain to an upland site.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Where it is not possible to remove all portions of dikes and berms, create openings with culverts and/or breaches. Place culverts 

through or remove portions of such structures to pass high flows-bankfull or greater- into floodplain areas. The width of a culvert or breach should be equal to or greater than the bankfull width of the stream. Culverts and breaches should be located at a depositional area of the channel. Design proper number and location of culvert and breach sites to help prevent fish stranding as high flows recede. 

AQ1, AQ5, AQ12, AQ8, HM1 

Conduct a contaminant survey for mine tailing removal projects prior to project implantation. If contaminants are found above levels set by the Environmental Protection Agency, consult with appropriate agencies.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7, S3 

Consider decompaction of soils once overburden material is removed.

Livestock Grazing, Wild HorsesGrazing Use

V4, AQ10, AC1, WSR1 

Consider livestock quarantine, removal, or timing limitations in weed infested areas.

WSR1, AQ1, AQ4, AQ11, L1 

Develop alternative sources of water to lessen the grazing pressure on the riparian habitat.

WSR1, AQ1, AQ4, AQ11 

Maintaining adequate untreated peripheral zones around important moist-sites (i.e. wet sedge meadows, springs, riparian zones).

S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 

Consider modifying season of use to avoid trampling of biological crusts in the dry season in areas where biological crusts exceed 10 percent of the potential ground cover.

S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 

Consider defining and scheduling spring and fall grazing at the fine scale to reflect actual soil moisture conditions to avoid 

disturbance of biological crust when soils are extremely dry. 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

B-31 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Grazing Use (cont.) AQ1, AQ3, AQ11, L1 Limit livestock trailing, bedding, watering, salting, loading, and other handling efforts to those areas and times that will not retard or prevent attainment of aquatic objectives. V2 Adjust livestock grazing use season to accommodate special status plants. V2 Concentrate livestock use/movement away from special status plant habitat; i.e., eliminate trailing, salting and/or watering sites that might affect special status plants. AQ1, AQ3, AQ11, L1 Adjust wild horse and burro management to avoid impacts that prevent attainment of aquatic Objectives. V2, AQ4, AQ6, 

AQ9, HB1 

Wild horse use in special status plant habitat would be monitored and herd size would be adjusted as needed to minimize impacts.

AQ11, AQ12, W8, V4, AQ10 

Place of salt or other supplements to distribute livestock throughout uplands and away from riparian areas.

AQ1, AQ3, AQ11, L1 

Use riding and herding livestock to control use in sensitive areas.

AQ1, AQ3, AQ11, L1 

“In order to meet aquatic objectives in developing livestock grazing systems and pasture designs, consider: o Changing class of stock from cow/calf pairs to herded sheep or yearlings; either eliminating hot season grazing (i.e., grazing during the hottest part of summer) or scheduling hot season grazing on a rotational basis (e.g., only one year out of every three);o Locating salt away from riparian zones;o Laying out pasture fences so that each pasture has as much riparian habitat as possible;o Locating fences so that they do not confine or concentrate livestock near the riparian zone;o Developing alternative sources of water to lessen the grazing pressure on the riparian habitat; ando As a last resort, excluding livestock completely from riparian by protective fencing.

Developments

S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 

Livestock developments include fences, corrals, seedings, water gaps/stream crossings, and other activities.

W1, WSR1, AC1 Fence types may include permanent barbed-wire, high-tension, smooth-wire, let-down, electric, buck and pole, and other similar types.W1, WSR1, AC1, S3 

Fence construction may involve use of all-terrain vehicles, flatbed trucks, and manual power tools.

L1, AQ4, AQ5, AQ6 

Water gap and/or stream crossings construction may involve dump trucks and excavator-type equipment. The size of equipmentused should be commensurate with the project requirements. Follow BMPs under ‘Watershed Restoration” to guide heavy 

equipment use in and around stream channels.”

AQ4, AQ6 Fence placement should allow for lateral movement of a stream. 

B-32 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Developments (cont.)

AQ11, AQ12, W8, V4, AQ10 

Minimize vegetation removal, especially potential large wood recruitment sources, when constructing fence lines. No conifers should be felled in the riparian area conifers are fully stocked and are consistent with prescriptions in vegetation treatment categories.

L1, AQ4, AQ5, AQ6 

Locate crossings and/or water gaps where stream banks are naturally low.

AQ12 When possible, crossings and gaps should not be constructed within known or suspected spawning areas (e.g., pool tailouts where

spawning may occur).

AQ6, AQ12 Fences at stream crossings and water gaps should not inhibit up or downstream movement of fish and or significantly impede 

bedload movement. Consider passage of large wood and other debris when constructing fence and water gaps.

AQ4, AQ6 If necessary at water gaps, the stream bank and approach lanes can be stabilized with native vegetation and/or angular rock to 

reduce chronic sedimentation. The stream crossing or water gap should be armored with up to cobble-size rock, and use angular 

rock if natural substrate is not of adequate size.

S3, V2, AQ9, W8 Livestock crossings or water gaps should not be located in areas where compaction or other damage may occur to sensitive soils and 

vegetation (e.g., wetlands) due to congregating livestock.

S3, V2, AQ9, W8 The maximum width of a water gap or stream crossing should be no less than 10 feet and no more than 20 feet wide in the 

upstream-downstream direction (NRCS, 2001).

AQ5, AQ12 When using pressure treated lumber for fence posts only, complete all cutting/drilling offsite so that treated wood chips and debris 

does not enter water or flood prone areas.

W1, WSR1, AC1 All new fences will be built to standard Bureau wildlife specifications. Wildlife escape devices will be installed and maintained in 

water troughs. 

S1, S3, W8, AQ3, AQ6, W5, W8, 

VR1, WC1 

Locate new livestock handling and/or management facilities outside of riparian management areas (RMAs, see Aquatic Resources section in Chapter 2). For existing livestock handling facilities inside the RMAs, assure that facilities do not prevent attainment of 

aquatic objectives. Relocate or close facilities where these objectives cannot be met. 

S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 

Install water developments (i.e., spring developments, pipelines/troughs and reservoirs) to facilitate upland distribution and reduce concentration in riparian wetland areas of livestock, wildlife and wild horses.

S3, V2, AQ9, W8 If necessary, install hardened crossings and water access points, or water gaps to direct livestock use to specific watering locations 

and reduce use over larger riparian wetland areas.

V2, AQ4, AQ6, AQ9, AQ11 

Plant desirable forage species in uplands to attract livestock away from riparian or other sensitive areas.

S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, L1, W7 

Fence to delineate pastures associated to area specific management objective(s), or to establish permanent, temporary or seasonal 

exclusion from specific areas.

V4, AQ10, AC1, WSR1 

Install barriers (i.e., trees, brush, boulder, gap fences) to reduce access or avoid specific areas. 

B-33 

 Developments (cont.)

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement AQ13, AQ9, AQ6, Spring development may provide a more dependable source of water for livestock and wildlife while protecting the source from W1,W4, W5, W6, trampling. In the major canyons the springs can improve livestock distribution by pulling livestock from the canyon bottoms, W7, W8, A1, V4, allowing use of previously unused rangeland. These developments will permit a variety of grazing systems. V5,FU1,AQ1, S3 

AQ13, AQ9, AQ6, Develop springs by hand labor or backhoe to install a buried collection system. A short pipeline may be installed to deliver water 

W1,W4, W5, W6, to a trough. Ramps, rocks or flatboards are installed in all water troughs to allow small birds and mammals to gain access to and/W7, W8, A1, V4, or escape from the water. As springs are developed, fence to protect riparian vegetation, water source and areas where significant V5,FU1,AQ1, S3 overflow from troughs occurs to protect riparian vegetation.S3, AQ6, AQ7, V4, Locate troughs associated with spring developments and off channel water on ground with a slope, vegetated buffer, and distance L1, W7 (25 feet minimum) away from stream channels, floodplains, and lentic areas sufficient to ensure that the disturbed area associated 

with the guzzler, trough, or drinker does not contribute sediment to or remove vegetation from hydric soils, riparian or wetland areas. Use automatic shutoff or efficiently return overflow to the source in a short return interval.

RecreationRecreation Activities

AQ1, AQ3, AQ6, AQ11, S3 

Better control or close recreation use along streams and within riparian areas. This could include removal of designated campgrounds, dispersed camp sites, and foot trails as well as treatments of off-road vehicle (ORV) roads/trails in riparian areas. 

AQ1, AQ3, AQ6, AQ11, S3 

Dispersed and developed campground restoration usually include some or all of the following: removal of campground fill material and/or structures, such as berms, toilets, fences, picnic tables; ripping or sub-soiling sites to remove compaction; stream bank 

restoration; placement of rock or other barriers such as fences to block vehicle access; gravel surfacing of existing sites to designate access routes and parking; planting shrubs and trees to restore streamside, floodplain, and meadow vegetation; reducing or clearing noxious weeds.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Design remedial actions to restore floodplain characteristics-elevation, width, gradient, length, and roughness-in a manner that 

closely mimics, to the greatest degree possible, those that would naturally occur at that stream and valley type.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Overburden or fill comprised native materials, which originated from the project area, can be used to reshape the floodplain, placed 

in small mounds on the floodplain, used to fill anthropogenic holes, buried on site, and/or disposed into upland areas.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 To the greatest degree possible, non-native fill material, originating from outside the project area, shall be removed from the 

floodplain to an upland site.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7, S3 

Consider de-compaction of soils once overburden material is removed.

W8,V4, AQ6, AQ10, AQ12, S3 

Place barriers-boulders, fences, gates, etc-outside of the bankfull width and across traffic routes to prevent unauthorized ORV access 

into and across streams and RMAs. 

B-34 

 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Recreation Activities (cont.)

AQ1, AQ3, AQ6, AQ11, S3 

Design, construct, and operate recreation facilities, including trails and dispersed sites, in a manner that does not retard or prevent attainment of the aquatic objectives. Complete and ID team analysis of aquatic objectives prior to construction of new recreation facilities inside riparian management areas (RMAs, see aquatic resources section in Ch2). For existing recreation facilities insideRMAs, assure that the facilities or use of the facilities will not prevent attainment of aquatic objectives. Relocate or close recreationfacilities where aquatic objectives cannot be met.

AQ1, AQ3, AQ6, AQ11, S3 

Adjust dispersed and developed recreation practices that retard or prevent attainment of aquatic objectives. Where adjustmentmeasures such as education, use limitations, traffic control devices, increased maintenance, relocation of facilities, and/or specificsite closures are not effective in meeting aquatic objectives and avoiding adverse effects on aquatic objectives, eliminate the practice 

or occupancy. 

S1, S3, W8, AQ3, AQ6, W5, W8, 

VR1, WC1 

Prohibit solid and sanitary waste facilities in RMAs. 

S3, AQ4 Do not allow “Open” OHV designations on sensitive soils.V2 Campgrounds, OHV play areas and other areas concentrating recreational uses would be developed well away from special status 

plant habitat. 

V2 OHV use would be limited to designated routes when adjacent to special status plant habitat.W4, W5 Manage public vehicle access to maintain the habitat effectiveness of security cover and key seasonal habitat (such as winter range) 

for deer and elk.

W5, W4 Consult with ODFW prior to undertaking major construction, and/or surface disturbing activities in high value wildlife habitats.

Roads, Trails, and Landings

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Removal or replacement of existing road-stream crossing structures (culverts, bridges, etc.). Construction may involve use of heavy 

equipment, such as excavators, cranes, backhoes, front-end loaders, dump trucks, bull dozers, and on occasion pile-drivers and helicopters. Upstream of the isolated project area, coffer dams (diversions) constructed with non-erosive materials are typically used to divert stream flow with pumps or a by-pass culvert. Heavy equipment may only be used when an ID team has determined that itwill not retard attainment of Aquatic Objectives. Also follow BMPs under Watershed Restoration - Removal of Legacy Structures

AQ3, AQ6, T1 Projects should be reviewed by an engineer with design input from an experienced fisheries biologist and hydrologist. Such 

personnel shall oversee or review the project during construction to ensure that BMPs are being properly implemented. A licensed engineer will provide design review for projects that result in structures that are greater than 20’ in width.

AQ4, AQ6 Assess sites for a potential to headcut below the natural stream gradient. Use field surveys and quantitative analysis to assess 

headcut potential. 

B-35 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Culverts, Bridges, Stream Crossings, and Construction Sites (cont.) AQ4, AQ12, AQ13 Flood relief culverts will be designed to restore and maintain access to off-channel holding areas for aquatic species (including fish). Therefore, existing floodplain channels should be the first priority for location of flood relief culverts. Flood relief culverts should be installed in a manner that match floodplain gradient and do not lead to scour at the outlet. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 The stream slope at the stream crossing shall approximate the average channel gradient of the natural stream up and downstream of the structure. The maximum slope for closed-bottomed culverts shall not exceed 6% because of difficulties in retaining substrate in the culvert at higher gradients. Open-bottom arches can be placed in channel gradients that exceed 6%. AQ6, AQ13 If a closed culvert is used, the bottom of the culvert shall be buried into the streambed not less than 20% and not more than 50% of the culvert height. For open-bottomed arches and bridges, the footings or foundation shall be designed to be stable at the largest anticipated scour depth. Substrate and habitat patterns within the culvert should mimic stream patterns that naturally occur above and below the culvert. Coarser material may be incorporated to create velocity breaks during high flows, thereby improving fish passage, and to provide substrate stability. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 The use of riprap is permissible above bankfull height to protect the embankment. If the use of riprap is required for structure stability, then an additional analysis may be required to ensure that the structure is not undersized. Riprap may only be placed below bankfull height when necessary for protection of abutments and pilings for bridges. However, the amount and placement of riprap around the abutments and/or pilings should not constrict the bankfull flow. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Grade control structures are permitted to prevent headcutting above or below the culvert or bridge. Grade control typically consists of boulder structures that are keyed into the banks, span the channel, and are buried in the substrate. The hydraulic impacts of grade control structures must be analyzed for effects on the stream crossing. S3, AQ1, AQ3, 

AQ5, AQ6, T4-6 

Incorporate road dips into stream crossing design, to ensure catastrophic flood events will transport overflow back into the stream channel instead of onto the road bed.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Structures containing concrete must be cured or dried (approx 7 days) before they come into contact with stream flow.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

In cases of structure removal or replacement, restore the stream channel and reconnect the floodplain at the site. Also follow BMPsunder Watershed Restoration - Removal of Legacy Structures

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

Limit activities of mechanized equipment to streambank areas or temporary platforms when installing or removing structures,unless channel is dewatered.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8, S3 

If access is required through construction site, a temporary crossing shall be constructed and removed within the same instream period and the disturbed ground shall be rehabilitate to pre-existing conditions. Rehabilitation will include re-vegetating, recontouring and controlling surface erosion through the following two years.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

Re-vegetate disturbed areas with vegetation of similar structure and composition to pre-existing vegetation and ground cover. Use native species. Conserve on site woody vegetation for rehabilitating disturbed areas (in channel structure, upland down wood, bank erosion control, etc). Flush cut or remove entire root wad. If wood is kept on site to meet upland down wood objectives, place away from area prone to firewood use. Large woody debris resulting from clearing activities may be placed in the downstream channel to meet aquatic objectives.

W8,V4, AQ6, AQ10, AQ12, S3 

Mitigate loss of snags where snags will not create a safety hazard. 

B-36 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Culverts, Bridges, Stream Crossings, and Construction Sites (cont.)

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

Design temporary crossings to pass existing flow plus the 10 year event (probability) for 6 hr rainfall events to account for summer thunderstorms or 24 hour event for winter flows.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Monitor structures after high flow events, which occur during the first fall/winter/spring after project completion. Assess the 

following parameters: headcutting below natural stream gradient, substrate embeddedness in the culvert, scour at the culvert outlet, 

and erosion from sites associated with project construction. Apply remedial actions to correct.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 If necessary to meet Aquatic Objectives, per an ID team review, isolate construction area and remove fish from project area (see 

BMPs under Monitoring and Other Activities).

W8,V4, AQ6, AQ10, AQ12, S3 

Limited cutting or removal of vegetation on the closed road-bed to the amount required to access the culvert site

S3, AQ4, AQ6 Minimize water velocity, and minimize water travel time on roads, road cuts, road fills, in ditches and in other drainage features 

containing coarse or fine sediment.

AQ4, AQ6 For road removal projects within riparian areas, recontour the affected area to mimic natural floodplain contours and gradient..AQ13, AQ9, AQ6, W1,W4, W5, W6,W7, W8, 

Restore natural drainage patterns and when possible promote passage of all fish species and life stages present in the area. Evaluate 

channel incision risk and construct in-channel grade control structures when necessary.

AQ6, AQ12 Use sediment control barriers immediately adjacent to the stream, between the disturbance areas and the stream as necessary to 

ensure no visible increase in stream turbidity occurs.

T1, T2, AQ6, W8 Space drainage features used for storm-proofing and treatment projects to prevent road surface runoff from entering stream 

channels. 

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Dispose of slide and waste material in stable sites out of the flood prone area (the elevation at two times max bankfull depth). Waste 

material other than hardened surface material (asphalt, treated timbers, metal objects, etc) may be used to restore natural or nearnatural contours.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ10, V4, W8 

Minimize disturbance of existing vegetation in ditches and at stream crossings.

S3, AQ4 Conduct activities during dry-field conditions-low to moderate soil moisture levels

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

When removing a culvert from a first or second order, second order, or non-fishing bearing stream, ID team shall determine if culvert removal should require dewatering or fish removal or both as described under Monitoring and Other Activities.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

Culvert removal on fish bearing streams requires dewatering and fish removal as described under Monitoring and Other Activities.

AQ5, AQ6, AQ14 Diversions constructed with material mined from the streambed or floodplains are not permitted.AQ12 Pumps must have fish screens and be operated in accordance with state and federal fish screen criteria.AQ12, AQ13 If diversion allows for downstream fish passage, (i.e., is not screened), place diversion outlet in a location to promote safe reentry of 

fish into the stream channel, preferably into pool habitat with cover.

AQ6, AQ10 Dissipate flow energy at the bypass outflow to prevent damage to riparian vegetation or stream channel. 

B-37 
Culverts, Bridges, Stream Crossings, and Construction Sites (cont.)

AQ5, AQ6, AQ12 When necessary, pump seepage water from the de-watered work area to a temporary storage and treatment site or into upland areas 

and filter water prior to reentering the stream channel.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 

When dewatering is no longer required, slowly release water back into the channel. Prevent loss of surface water downstream as the construction site streambed absorbs water. Prevent a sudden increase in stream turbidity. Monitor downstream during this process to prevent stranding of aquatic organisms below the construction site.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Use temporary stream crossings to access the opposite side with any equipment or vehicles (including ATVs). Follow BMPs under Stream Crossings.

AQ6 Use materials that would withstand 100-year flow events (e.g., concrete, well anchored concrete mats, etc.) on permanent low water 

ford crossings. 

AQ6 Utilize natural bedrock geology to provide hardened and stable low water ford crossings. Where erosive soils exist, harden 

approaches with non-erodible materials on permanent crossings. Provide relief drainage on approaches.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Use washed rock/gravel in temporary low water ford crossings, where a non-fill structure is not possible.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Restrict access to temporary crossings.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Use ramped low water fords in debris flow susceptible streams (e.g., if the temporary crossing is a low water ford, access should be restricted to blocked residences, emergency vehicles, contractors, and BLM inspection personnel).

Road and Landing Construction, Maintenance, Renovation, and Improvements

AQ4, AQ6, AQ13, Road rehabilitation includeds everything from simple closures to more complex road obliteration and removal, with an overall goal AQ13, W8, W4, of restoring hydrologic functions. This includes the following: eliminate or reduce erosion and mass-wasting hazards associated with W5 roads; eliminate or reduce human access and associated impacts to aquatic systems; enhancing natural hydrologic processes through 

reduction of drainage network. Actions such as bridge and culvert removal, removal of asphalt and gravel, installing drainage culverts, constructing road dips, subsoiling or ripping of road surfaces, outsloping, waterbarring, fill removal, sidecast pullback, revegetating with native species and placement of large wood and/or boulders are included. Roadway barricading to exclude vehicular traffic is covered only if the overall road remediation project substantively addresses restoration of hydrologic function. This categoryalso includes storm-proofing roads intended to remain open, thereby hydrologically disconnecting such roads from watershed streams. For culvert removals on closed roads, limited cutting or removal of vegetation on the closed road-bed to access the culvert site may be required. Construction would involve use of heavy equipment, such as excavators, backhoes, front-end loaders, dump trucks, and bull dozers. 

AQ4, AQ6, AQ13, Reconstruct road and drainage features that: do not meet design criteria or operation and maintenance standards; have been shown 

AQ13, W8, W4, to be less effective for controlling sediment delivery; prevent attainment of terrestrial, aquatic, or riparian objectives; or do not W5, S3 protect watersheds from increased sedimentation and peak flows. Prioritize reconstruction based on current and potential damage 

to terrestrial, aquatic, or riparian resources; ecological value of the resources affected; and feasibility of options such as helicopter logging and road relocation out of riparian conservation areas. 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

B-38 
Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

Road and Landing Construction, Maintenance, Renovation, and Improvements (cont.)

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Close and stabile or obliterate and stabilizing roads not needed for future management activities. Prioritize based on current andpotential damage to terrestrial, aquatic, and riparian resources and ecological value of the resources affected.

AQ6, AQ7 For road removal projects within riparian areas, recontour the affected area to mimic natural floodplain contours and gradient to the 

greatest degree possible.

AQ6, AQ7 When obliterating or removing segments immediately adjacent to the stream, consider using sediment control barriers between the 

project and the stream.

AQ6, AQ7 Drainage features used for stormproofing and treatment projects should be spaced as to hydrologically disconnect road surface

runoff from stream channels.

AQ4, AQ6, AQ7 Dispose of slide and waste material in stable sites out of the flood prone area (the elevation at two times max bankfull depth). Waste 

material other than hardened surface material (asphalt, treated timbers, metal objects, etc) may be used to restore natural or nearnatural contours.

AQ6, AQ7, AQ10, AQ11 

Minimize disturbance of existing vegetation in ditches and at stream crossings to the greatest extent possible.

S3 Conduct activities during dry-field conditions-low to moderate soil moisture levels

AQ11, AQ12 For culvert removal projects, restore natural drainage patterns and when possible promote passage of all fish species and life stages 

present in the area. Evaluate channel incision risk and construct in-channel grade control structures when necessary. Also follow

BMPs under Watershed Restoration - Removal of Legacy Structures

S3, AQ6, AQ7, Minimize water velocity, and minimize water travel time on roads, road cuts, road fills, in ditches and in other drainage features 

containing coarse or fine sediment.

AQ6, AQ12 During maintenance or repair, place woody debris from the road-crossing inlet downstream of the road crossing.AQ6, AQ12 Monitor stream crossing structures after high flow events. Assess the following parameters: headcutting below natural stream 

gradient, structural damage, substrate embeddedness in the culvert, debris collection, embankment erosion and scour at the structure outlet and footings. Apply remedial actions to correct. Also follow BMPs under Watershed Restoration - Removal of Legacy Structures

W8, AQ6 Mitigate loss of snags where snags will not create a safety hazard.W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Locate landings outside of Jurisdictional Wetlands and RMAs.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10 

Locate new landings outside of Riparian Management Areas or at least 300 ft from waterbodies (whichever is greater) and avoid expanding existing landings in Riparian Management Areas when sediment delivery to stream channels could occur.

W4, W5, W7, W8,AQ9, AQ10, S3 

Locate landings in areas with low risk for landslides.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ10, W4, W8, S3 

Retain vegetation on cut slopes unless it poses a safety hazard or restricts maintenance activities. Roadside brushing of vegetation should be done in a way that prevents disturbance to root systems and visual intrusions (such as avoid using excavators for brushing). 

B-39 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Road and Landing Construction, Maintenance, Renovation, and Improvements (cont.) S3, AQ6, W5 Leave abandoned roads in a condition that provides adequate drainage without further maintenance. Close abandoned roads to traffic. Physically obstruct the road with gates, large berms, trenches, logs, stumps, or rock boulders as necessary to accomplish permanent closure. S3, AQ4, AQ6, W5 Decommission or obliterate roads no longer needed. W5 Manage public vehicle access to maintain the habitat effectiveness of security cover and key seasonal habitat (such as winter range) for deer and elk. W4, W5, W7, W8,

AQ6, AQ9, AQ10, S3 

Keep roads and other facilities to a minimum. When needed to meet short and long term management objectives, they should be located, designed and constructed to the standards necessary for the total land use and resource values involved.

AQ5, AQ6, AQ14 Locate new roads to minimize the risk of material entering adjacent streams or other waters.VR1, AC1, AQ6, S3, V4 

Roads should fit the topography so that a minimum alteration of natural features will be necessary.

VR1, AC1, AQ6, S3, V4 

Locate roads on stable terrain such as moderate sideslopes or ridgetops wherever possible. When roads must cross potential unstable terrain, design the road to the extent necessary to prevent unacceptable damage. Where sidecasting of waste material 

during road excavation will cover the downslope soil with rock and subsoil incapable of supporting productive vegetation, consider endhauling waste material to stable areas of more moderate topography.

VR1, AC1, AQ6, AQ9, S3, V4 

Locate roads away from wet or marshy areas and other wetlands, meadows, riparian areas, and stream banks. Provide necessary drainage and streambank protection.

AQ6, S3, V4 Minimize the number of stream crossings. Cross streams as close to a right angles to the main channel as possible.AQ5, AQ6, S3, V4 Areas of vegetation should be left or established between roads and streams.W5 Avoid locating roads through crucial deer and elk winter range, when feasible.VR1, AC1, AQ6, S3, V4, W5, W8 

Roads should avoid being located through non-forest or non-commercial forest habitats with high wildlife values.

AQ3, AQ13, AQ9, AQ10, W4, W8 

Avoid brushing along stream channels and floodplains. Brushing may be unavoidable if it is necessary for human safety or to avoid threats to structural stability where modifying structure design would not eliminate the need for brushing. Do not brush beyond 

4 feet of the road as measured by the edge of the drivable road surface (not measured from turnouts or road shoulder). Maintainriparian overstory to provide stream shade. Maintaining a minimum height of riparian vegetation by brushing once every 3 years instead of once every 5 years. Prune riparian vegetation rather than completely removing it. Preserve as much ground vegetation as possible, and brush only where necessary for human safety rather than for convenience.

VR1, T1, AQ5, AQ6 

Consistent with good safety practices and intended use, design each road to the minimum-use standards adapted to the terrain andsoil materials to minimize surface disturbance and damage to water quality.

AQ5, AQ6, S3 Use a flexible design to minimize damage to soil and water quality.VR1, AC1, AQ6, S3, V4 

Design roads no wider than necessary to accommodate the immediate anticipated use. 

B-40 
Road and Landing Construction, Maintenance, Renovation, and Improvements (cont.)

S3, AQ6 Design cut and fill slopes at the normal angle of repose or less.S3, T1, AQ6 Do not allow culvert out-flow to be discharged onto unprotected fill slopes. Install energy dissipaters at culvert outlets or in half 

rounds where needed.

AQ13 Design water crossing structures to provide for adequate fish passage, minimum impact on water quality, and the 25-year frequency 

storm. Increases in water yield and peak flows resulting from vegetation removal would be kept in mind when designing structures.

AQ6 Design roads to drain normally by outsloping and by grade changes whenever possible. Where outsloping is not feasible, use 

roadside ditches and culverts to drain roads onto undisturbed ground.

S3, AQ1, AQ3, AQ5, AQ6, T4-6

 Provide dips, waterbars, and cross-drainage on all temporary roads.

AQ6 Place drainage diversions approximately 50 ft above stream crossings so that water may be filtered through vegetative buffers before 

entering the stream.

AQ5, AQ6, S3 Provide drainage where groundwater causes slope instability.AQ5, AQ6, S3, T1, AQ13 

Skew culverts approximately 30 degrees toward the inflow to provide better inlet efficiency.

AQ6, S3 Plan ditch gradients steep enough (generally greater than 2% to prevent sediment deposition.AQ5, AQ6, S3, T1, AQ13 

Limit excavation to the essential amount needed to meet the necessary road standards. Plan for stabilization of exposed soil and for rehabilitation of other environmental damage during construction.

AQ6, S3 Haul all excess material removed by maintenance operations to safe disposal areas. Apply stabilization measures on disposal sites if 

necessary to assure that erosion and sedimentation do not occur.

MiningMineral Development and Use

AQ3, W8, V2, V4, V5, W8 

Develop inspection, monitoring, and reporting requirements for mineral activities. Evaluate and apply the results of inspection and monitoring to modify mineral plans, leases, or permits as needed to eliminate impacts that retard attainment of aquatic objectives.

AQ3, W8, V2, V4, V5, W7, W8 

Require the claimant to obtain all required state and federal operating permits.

AQ5, AQ6, AQ14 Locate, design, operate and maintain sediment settling ponds in conformance with Oregon Department of Environmental Quality

guidelines. 

AQ6, W5 Use existing roads, skid trails and stream crossings whenever possible.AQ5, AQ6, AQ12 Adequate drainage of surface runoff will be necessary for roads that are constructed or reconstructed for vehicular access to the 

mining area. If roads are to be utilized during winter months (October 15 - April 15) surface the roads with rock. 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

B-41 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Mineral Development and Use (cont.) R1, AQ3, AQ4, W1 Reclaim the mining area and access roads and trails at the conclusion of mining operations and at reasonable intervals to minimize disturbed areas not in use for a few years. AQ5, AQ6 Construct a berm or trench between disturbed areas and water courses when needed to protect water quality. W4, W5, W7, W8,

AQ9, AQ10, S3 

Stockpile topsoil for use during reclamation of the site. In the interim, stabilize stockpiled topsoil to prevent erosion and contamination of other resources in the area.

AQ6, S3 If erosion is predicted to occur from October 15 to May 15, contour and mulch disturbed areas that will not be mined for at least 30

days. 

AQ5, AQ6 If possible, retain an undisturbed riparian buffer strip between mining operations and water courses to protect integrity of 

streambanks, provide for water temperature control, and for filtration of sediment from surface runoff.

AQ6, S3 Confine operations to bench areas rather than allow encroachment on the RMA.AQ6, AQ10, V1, V2, V4, W4, AC1, 

N1, W7, W8 

Locate and maintain sanitation facilities in accordance with state and local regulations and district policies.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Construct and rehabilitate temporary roads to minimize total surface disturbance, consistent with intended use.

W5 In areas of important big game habitat, consultation with the wildlife biologist will be necessary to reduce impacts on wildlife,

particularly in areas such as ridgelines, saddles, and upper drainage heads.

W5 Manage public vehicle access to maintain the habitat effectiveness of security cover and key seasonal habitat (such as winter range) 

for deer and elk;

W5, W4 Consult with ODFW prior to undertaking major construction, and/or surface disturbing activities in high value wildlife habitats. 

B-42 
Lands and Realty

Land Acquisition, Exchange, Retention, or Disposal; Rights-of-Way, and Utility Corridors

AQ10, AQ11, AQ12, V2, W7 

Use land acquisition, exchange, and conservation easements to meet RMP objectives and facilitate restoration of fish stocks and other species at risk of extinction.

AQ1, AQ3-AQ10 Adjust existing leases and permits, rights-of-way, and easements to eliminate effects that would retard or prevent attainment of the 

aquatic objectives. If adjustments are not effective, eliminate the activity. Where the authority to adjust was not retained, negotiate to make changes in existing leases, permits, rights of way, and easements to eliminate effects that would prevent attainment of the aquatic objectives. Priority for modifying existing leases, permits, rights of way, and easements will be based on the current and potential to attain aquatic objectives.

S3, W4, W5, AQ7 Disturbance from rights-of-way and/or disturbance in utility corridors use areas adjoining or adjacent to previously disturbed areas, 

rather than traverse undisturbed communities.

W5 In areas of important big game habitat, consultation with the wildlife biologist will be necessary to reduce impacts on wildlife,

particularly in areas such as ridgelines, saddles, and upper drainage heads.

AQ10, AQ11, AQ12, V2, W7, W5 

When categorizing public land for retention or disposal, and for identifying acquisition priorities, consider the following criteria:Threatened or Endangered or sensitive animal species habitat; riparian areas; important habitat for game animals; key big game 

seasonal habitat; and others.

Irrigation Screen Installation and Replacement (includes weir removal)

AQ12, AQ13 Irrigation screening and replacement is for existing diversions only and is focused on installing, replacing, or upgrading off-channel 

screens to improve fish passage or prevent fish entrapment in irrigation canals. This action also includes the removal of non-needed existing diversions that are less than six feet high or impound less than 15 acre feet of water. Construction would involve use of heavy equipment, such as excavators, backhoes, front-end loaders, dump trucks, and bull dozers.

AQ12, AQ13 All fish screens must be sized to match the landowner’s documented or estimated historic water use and legal water right(s) which 

ever is less. 

AQ12 Irrigation diversion intake and return points must be designed (to the greatest degree possible) to prevent all native fish life stages 

from swimming or being entrained into the irrigation system.

AQ8, W8, WSR1 Locate water drafting sites to avoid adverse effects to instream flows, and in a manner that does not retard or prevent attainment of 

aquatic objectives.

AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, AQ3, W8, W4 

Screens, including screens installed in temporary and permanent pump intakes, must meet NMFS fish screen criteria (NMFS 1995). NMFS fish screen criteria applies to federally listed salmonid species under their jurisdiction as well as bull trout under Service jurisdiction.

AQ12, AQ13 Size of bypass structure should be big enough to pass kelt steelhead and migratory bull trout back into the stream.AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Abandoned ditches and other similar structures will be plugged or backfilled, as appropriate, to prevent fish from swimming or 

being entrained into them. Also follow BMPs under Watershed Restoration - Removal of Legacy Structures

AQ12, AQ13 When making improvements to pressurized irrigation systems, install a totalizing flow meter capable of measuring rate and duty of water 

use. For non-pressurized systems, install a staff gage or other measuring device capable of measuring instantaneous rate of water flow. 

Appendix B: Best Management Practices 

B-43 
Monitoring and Other Activities

Fish Handling 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement AQ12, AQ13 Fish handling includes capture, removal, and relocation of fish. AQ12, AQ13 All fish capture, removal, and handling activities shall be conducted by an experienced fisheries biologist or technician. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13 Isolated captures - Install block nets at up and downstream locations and leave in a secured position to exclude fish from entering the project area. Leave nets secured to the stream channel bed and banks until fish capture and transport activities are complete. If block nets or traps remain in place more than one day, monitor the nets and or traps at least on a daily basis to ensure they are secured to the banks and free of organic accumulation and to minimize fish predation in the trap. AQ12, AQ13 Hand collection - Collect fish by hand or dip nets, as the area is slowly dewatered. AQ12, AQ13 Seining - Use seine with mesh of such a size to ensure entrapment of the fish of concern AQ12, AQ13 Minnow traps - Traps will be left in place overnight and in conjunction with seining. AQ10, AQ12, AQ13 Reduce risk of introduction of aquatic invasive species by sterilizing wading and sampling equipment. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 Electrofishing - Prior to dewatering, use electrofishing only where other means of fish capture may not be feasible or effective. If fish are observed spawning during the in-water work period, electrofishing shall not be conducted in the vicinity of spawning adult fish or active redds. Only Direct Current (DC) or Pulsed Direct Current (PDC) shall be used for electrofishing. Conductivity <I00 use voltage ranges from 900 to 1100. Conductivity from 100 to 300 then use voltage ranges from 500 to 800. Conductivity greater than 300 then use voltage to 400. Begin electrofishing with minimum pulse width and recommended voltage and then gradually increase to the point where fish are immobilized and captured. Turn off current once fish are immobilized. Do not allow fish to come into contact with the electrofishing anode. Do not electrofish an area for an extended period of time. Remove fish immediately from water and handle as described below. Dark bands on the fish indicate injury, suggesting a reduction in voltage and pulse width and longer recovery time. AQ6, AQ12, AQ13, W8 Do not dewater a channel in a way that halts water flow downstream beyond the project site. Gradually dewater and water project area to maintain downstream flow. Survey and Monitoring AQ3, AQ4 Projects may include but are not limited to surveys to document recreation use, resource values, aquatic and riparian attributes, cultural 

resources (including excavating test pits <1 square meter in size), and presence/absence surveys for listed terrestrial wildlife, bird, and plant species in the project area.

AQ12 When monitoring requires the relocation of fish or work in fish habitat, use personnel trained in methods that prevent or minimize 

disturbance of fish.

AQ12 Avoid impacts to fish redds. When possible, avoid sampling during spawning periods.AQ1,W1, N1 Coordinate with other local agencies to prevent redundant surveys.AQ6 Locate excavated material from cultural resource test pits away from stream channels.AQ6, AQ7 Replace all material in test pits when survey is completed and stabilize the surface.AQ5, AQ10, AQ12, AQ13 

Reduce risk of introduction of aquatic invasive species by sterilizing wading and sampling equipment. 

B-44 
	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

Appendix C: Noxious Weed Control 

Appendix C:

 Noxious Weed Control 

Mitigations/Stipulations 

The following District mitigation/stipulations apply to the District’s Integrated Weed Management program for 

all noxious weed control activities all BLM lands except for WSAs without specific management plans or EA’s 

pertaining to weed management: 

1.	 Cultural (prevention) activities such as inspection (weed surveys), regulation (ROWs), sanitation (wash 

and clean vehicles) and education will be encouraged and enforced for all high priority developed multiuse recreational areas, especially those along the Lower John Day River. 

2.	 Physical control practices (Mechanical) such as mowing, tilling, disking, seedbed preparation, and 

prescribed burning (if over 40 acres) treatments will require a separate EA. Small mechanical treatment 

areas of less than 5 acres may only require a CE. 

3.	 All manual control practices (hand pulling and hand tools) will be done before seed ripe or dispersal and 

the plant residue collected as needed for burning (piles) or bagged and removed from site(s). On small 

isolated sites such as undeveloped primitive camp sites along the JDR manual control may be given 

priority consideration and users are encouraged to manually pull, grub, or hoe out the few plants to 

small patches of noxious weeds. Educational brochures identifying weed species of concern will be made 

available at all developed boating access points. 

4.	 Biological control practices methods such as introduced insects, competitive seedings, pathogens or 

grazing (goats or sheep) will be given consideration District wide. ODA approved biocontrol agents 

(insects or pathogens) will be given emphasis for release to control/contain larger infestations where 

containment is major goal. The approval for release of beneficial insects or pathogens must use the same 

procedures as herbicides – using the Biological Control Agent Release Proposal (BCARP) and Record 

(BCARR). Only ODA approved biological control agents will be allowed for release after District and 

State Office approval. 

5.	 A Special Status Plant and Animal survey or clearance will be done prior to any treatment. 

6.	 A cultural survey or clearance is required before any soil surface disturbing activity from physical weed 

control practices (mechanical or prescribed fire) occurs. Hand pulling, grubbing or hoeing a few plants 

or scattered plants on public land sites less than 5 acres (such as undeveloped campgrounds along the 

Lower JDR in WSAs and/or WSRs is authorized) 

7.	 All herbicide use will comply with USDI rules and policy, BLM policy and guidelines, Oregon State laws 

and regulations, OR Department of Agriculture (ODA) laws and regulations, Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) , federal pesticide laws (FIRCA), Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) 

regulations, Local County Weed District Priorities and requirements and by Law must follow product 

label requirements. 

8.	 All pesticide (herbicide) applicators are required to submit proposals using 

a.	 a Pesticide Use Proposal (PUP) form (which BLM may approve for use of up to 3 years, if same 

chemical, same target weed, and same area); 

b.	 a Pesticide Application Record (PAR) to be completed after application and promptly submitted to 

the district office. 

9.	 All herbicide applications will only be applied by a Oregon State licensed and certified applicator. 

10. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs for each herbicide being applied will be at site with applicator, and 

guidelines and information found in “Oregon Pesticide Applicator Manual” as updated will be followed 

11. Areas of known or suspected Federal Listed, Candidate or Proposed or Oregon Candidate (old C-1) or 

Species of Concern (old C-2) amphibians will have as a minimum 100-foot buffer strip from live water for 

all herbicide applications, with the exception for the use of Rodeo. 

C-1 
	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

	 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

12. Use of existing trails/access routes or roads for emergency weed control activities will be allowed by 

vehicles even in WSAs, but use off existing routes for prescribed fire, herbicide application, or seeding 

practices will only be by ATV type vehicles. All seeding in WSAs will be by broadcast methods. 

13. Herbicide Use Restrictions are as follows: 

a.	 No vehicle mounted or powered boom sprayers or handguns will be used within 25 feet of surface 

(live) water. 

b.	 No booms or powered equipment applicators would be used in riparian areas, where weeds are 

closely intermingled with trees and shrubs. 

c. Liquid herbicides can be applied (at a height of 0.5 ft to 2.5 ft. above ground) to areas for spot 

treatments with hand spraying (backpack) equipment (single nozzle, low pressure and volume) to 

within 10 feet of live water. Use of mule or horse mounted equipment would also be allowed. 

d.	 Spreader equipment (broadcast) could be used to apply granular formulations applied at a height of 

about 3.5 feet, to within 10 feet of the high water line of live water. 

e.	 Contact Systemic Herbicides (such as Glyphosate - Rodeo or Accord) may be allowed using hand 

wipe applications on individual plants up to the existing high water line. 

f.	 When wind speeds exceed 5 mph, no spray equipment will be used in riparian areas or near 

water, and no aerial applications are allowed in riparian or wetland areas. No aerial application of 

Glyphosate is allowed. 

g.	 No application of herbicides will occur if wind speeds exceed 8 mph. 

h.	 All aerial application of herbicides will be done only by helicopter and allowed within the constraints 

of the Final NW Area Noxious Weed Control Program EIS (1985) as supplemented 1987, and ROD 

pages 1-3 (May 5, 1987). A buffer strip of 100 feet will be established between target weed areas and 

any live water/riparian areas. 

i.	 No aerial application of herbicides will be permitted without written approval from the 

authorized officer. 

j.	 No aerial application of herbicides will be permitted when wind speeds exceed 5 mph. 

k.	 For OR/WA only 2,4-D, picloram (Tordon), dicamba, and glyphosate (Rodeo and Accord only) 

and approved combinations will be allowed as per ROD (1987) from Supplemental FEIS (1987). 

Acceptable formulations, EPA registration numbers, maximum rates of application, and mixture 

stipulations are referenced from BLM Approved list March 1994 (see Appendix 6 as updated) and 

from Table 1-3 p. 9 FEIS (1985) 

l.	 All chemicals will be applied only in accordance with BLM, EPA, ODA requirements, and Herbicide 

LABEL standards/stipulations. 

m.	 Pesticide Use Proposals (3 year approval) for herbicide application within boundaries of WSAs, or 

WAs, and RNAS will be reviewed and evaluated by Resource Area staff on a year to year basis. 

n.	 Monitoring pretreatment and post-treatment will be done yearly (pre and post spray applications) on 

all treated areas. 

o.	 In aerial applications a 500 foot unsprayed buffer strip will be left next to inhabited dwellings unless 

waived in writing by the residents. A 100 foot buffer of unsprayed strip will be left next to croplands 

and barns. 

p.	 Additional Herbicides if approved may be used subject to all the above mitigation measures, label 

restrictions and within limits of ROD or specific approval recommendations. 

q.	 The maximum rates of application for the four approved herbicides (per Table 3-1 from FEIS 1985): 

(ai = active ingredients of specific herbicide). 

C-2 
 

 

 

 

	 

Appendix C: Noxious Weed Control 

Rates for Herbicide Applications by Ground Methods (vehicle and hand) 

Application of Single Herbicide: Application of Tank Mixes: 

Herbicide Maximum Rate Herbicide Maximum Rate 

2,4-D 

Dicamba 

Glyphosate 

Picloram 

3 lb ai/ac 

6 lb ai/ac 

3 lb ai/ac 

1 lb ai/ac 

2,4-D and Dicamba 

Picloram and 2,4-D 

2 lb ai/ac 2,4-D 

1.5 lb ai/ac Dicamba 

0.5 lb ai/ac Picloram 

1 lb ai/ac 2,4-D 

Rates for Herbicide Applications by Aerial Method (helicopter only) 

2,4-D 

Picloram 

3 lb ai/ac 

1.0 lb ai/ac 

2,4-D and Dicamba 2.0 lb ai/ac 2,4-D 

1.5 lb ai/ac Dicamba 

(ai = active ingredients of specific herbicide) 

14. All other stipulations and mitigation in FEIS (1985) pp. 1-7 to 1-10, Supplemental FEIS (1987) pp. 119-122, 

RODs (1986) or (1987), and the ROD for the national BLM Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM 

Lands in the 17 Western States Final Programmatic EIS (October 2, 2007); see PEIS Appendix B; IM 2008-030) 

will apply. In addition, the stipulations and mitigation from the FEIS 1991 and its ROD will apply for all 

additional chemicals (herbicides) if or when approved for noxious weed control. 

C-3 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

C-4 
Appendix D: Special Status Plants 

Appendix D:

Special Status Plants Documented

or Suspected on BLM Lands in the

John Day Basin Planning Area 

Species Common Name Occurrence 

No. BLM 

Sites 

STATUS 

(see below for explanation) 

BLM Federal State ONHIC 

Achnatherum hendersonii SEN SOC CA 1 

Achnatherum wallowaensis SEN SOC 1 

Astragalus collinus var. 

laurentii 

Lawrence’s milkvetch Suspected SEN SOC LT 1 

Astragalus conjunctus var. 

rickardii 

Idaho milkvetch Suspected STR 3 

Astragalus diaphanus var. 

diurnus 

transparent milkvetch Documented 22 SEN LT 1 

Astragalus tegetarioides bastard kentrophyta Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Botrychium ascendens triangle-lobe moonwort Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Botrychium crenulatum scalloped moonwort Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Botrychium minganense Mingan moonwort Suspected SEN 4 

Botrychium montanum mountain moonwort Suspected SEN SOC 2 

Calochortus longebarbatus 

var. peckii 1/ 

Peck’s mariposa lily Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Camissonia pusilla little wiry suncup Suspected STR 3 

Camissonia pygmaea dwarf evening-primrose Documented 1 SEN SOC CA 1 

Carex idahoa Parry’s sedge Suspected STR SOC 1 

Coryphantha vivipara var. 

vivipara 

cushion coryphantha Suspected STR 2 

Cymopterus nivalis Hayden’s cymopterus Suspected SEN 2 

Cypripedium fasciculatum 

2/ 

clustered lady’s slipper Suspected SEN SOC CA 2 

Delphinium nuttallii upland larkspur Suspected SEN 2 

Heliotropium curassavicum seaside helitrope Suspected SEN 2 

Lepidium dictyotum var. 

dictyotum 

alkali pepperweed Suspected STR 3 

Lomatium ravenii Raven’s lomatium Suspected SEN 2 

Luina serpentina colonial luina Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Malacothrix stebbinsii Stebbin’s malacothrix Suspected STR 3 

Mimulus evanescens disappearing 

monkeyflower 

Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Myosurus sessilis sessile mousetail Suspected STR SOC CA 1 

D-1 

 


 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

Species Common Name Occurrence 

No. BLM 

Sites 

STATUS 

(see below for explanation) 

BLM Federal State ONHIC 

Navarretia leucocephala 

ssp. leucocephala 

whitehead navarretia Suspected SEN 2 

Penstemon deustus var. 

variabilis 

hot rock penstemon Documented 3 STR 3 

Phacelia minutissima dwarf scorpion-weed Suspected SEN SOC CA 1 

Rorippa columbiae Columbia cress Suspected SEN CA 1 

Thelypodium eucosmum arrow-leaf thelypody Documented 46 SEN SOC LT 1 

Thelypodium howellii ssp. 

howellii 

Howell’s thelypody Suspected STR SOC 2-ex 

1/ Conservation strategy in preparation
 

2/ Conservation assessment prepared (related to Western Oregon Survey and Manage)
 

Appendix A also indicates various status designations for each species. Following is an explanation of each: 

BLM: SEN – Sensitive; STR - Strategic 

Federal: SOC – Species of Concern 

State: CA – Candidate; SE – Endangered; ST – Threatened 

ONHIC (Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center): 

1 – Threatened with extinction or presumed to be extinct throughout their entire range; 

2 – Threatened with extirpation or presumed to be extirpated from the state of Oregon; 

2-ex – Presumed to be extirpated from Oregon; 

3 – More information is needed before status can be determined; 

4 – Of conservation concern but not currently threatened or endangered 

D-2 
Appendix E: Biophysical Setting Summary 

Appendix E:

Biophysical Setting Summary 

E-1 
% 

High 

ARV

Class C 

Dominant 

Species

100 ARTR, 

CHVI4, 

ERNA1, 

PSSPS

6.5 ARRI2, 

ERTH4, 

POSE, 

STST5

84.5 ARAR8, 

PSSP6, 

ACHY

45.5 ARTR, 

GRSP, 

POSE, 

HECO2 

13 CELE3, 

ARTRV, 

CHRYS, 

SYMPH

65 ARTR, 

CHVI8, 

ELEL5, 

HECO2

65 ARTRV, 

PUTR2, 

SYMPH, 

CONIF

6.5 ARTRV, 

SYOR, 

POSE, 

ACOC3

6.5 PIPO, 

ARTR, 

PUTR, 

AGSP

6.5 PIPO, 

PUTR2, 

FEID, 

CEVE

6.5 PIPO, 

PSME, 

LAOC, 

ABGR

52 PIPO, 

LAOC, 

PSME, 

ABGR

71.5 PICO, 

LUPIN, 

RICE

26 PIAL, 

ABLA, 

VASC, 

POPU3

26 PICO, 

ABLA, 

PIEN

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

BPS # Name 

Fire 

Regime 

Average 

Fire Size 

Class A 

Dominant 

Species 

Class A 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class B 

Dominant 

Species 

Class B 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

81123 Columbia Plateau 

Steppe and Grassland 

2 No Data PSSP, 

POSE, 

FEID 

10-50% 4 5 6.5 PSSP, 

POSE, 

FEID 

50-90% 56 80 

81065 Columbia Plateau 

Scabland Shrubland 

5 No Data ERTH4, 

POSE, 

LOMA, 

STST5 

0-10% 4 5 6.5 ERTH4, 

ARRI2, 

POSE, 

STST5 

0-10% 4 5 

R2SBDWwt Stiff and Low 

Sagebrush with Trees 

3 No Data PSSP6, 

ACTH7, 

ACHY, 

POSE 

0-4% 7 10 13 ARAR8, 

ACHY, 

PSSP6 

5-9% 46 65 

81080 Inter-Mountain 

Basins Big Sagebrush 

Shrubland 

3 No Data POSE, 

HECO2, 

AMSIN, 

EPILO 

0-10% 11 15 19.5 POSE, 

ARTR, 

GRSP, 

HECO2 

0-10% 25 35 

91062 Inter-Mountain Basins 

Mountain Mahogany 

W & S land 

4 No Data CELE3, 

ARTR2, 

CHRYS, 

SYMPH 

0-40% 4 5 6.5 CELE3, 

ARTRV, 

PUTR2, 

SYMPH 

10-50% 7 10 

R2SBWYwt Wyoming Big 

Sagebrush Semi Desert 

with Trees 

4 No Data ACHY, 

HECOC, 

CHVI8, 

ARTR 

0-10% 11 15 19.5 ARTR, 

ACHY, 

CHVI8, 

HECO2 

11-25% 35 50 

R2SBMTwc Mountain Big 

Sagebrush with 

Conifers 

4 No Data PSSP6, 

FEID, 

SYMPH, 

ARTRV 

0-5% 14 20 26 ARTRV, 

PUTR2, 

CONIF, 

SYMPH 

6-25% 35 50 

R2PIJU Juniper Steppe 

Woodland 

3 No Data EPAN, 

CRAC, 

CRYP, 

SENEC 

2-10% 4 5 6.5 ARTRV, 

SYOR, 

ACOC3, 

CRAC 

5-10% 4 5 

81053x N. Rocky Mt. 

Ponderosa Pine 

Woodland-Xeric 

3 No Data ARTR, 

CHVI8, 

AGSP, 

ELEL5 

0-50% 18 25 32.5 PIPO, 

JUOC, 

FEID, 

ARTR 

25-70% 4 5 

81053m N. Rocky Mt. 

Ponderosa P. 

Woodland Mesic 

1 No Data PIPO, 

FEID, 

PUTR2 

0-30% 7 10 13 PIPO, 

PUTR2, 

FEID 

41-80% 4 5 

81045 N. Rocky Mt. DryMesic Montane Mixed 

Conifer Forest 

1 1000 PIPO, 

PSME, 

LAOC, 

CAGE2 

0-20% 7 10 13 PIPO, 

PSME, 

LAOC, 

ABGR 

41-100% 4 5 

910470 Northern Rocky 

Mountain Western 

Hemlock-Western 

Red-cedar Forest 

3 No Data CEVE, 

ACGL, 

SASC, 

PHMA 

0-100% 11 15 19.5 PSME, 

ABGR, 

PIPO, 

LAOC 

51-100% 28 40 

911670 Rocky Mountain Poor 

Site Lodgepole Pine 

Forest 

4 No Data PICO 0-80% 18 25 32.5 PICO 41-85% 39 55 

91046 Northern Rocky 

Mountain Subalpine 

Woodland and 

Parkland 

3 No Data VASC, 

POPU3, 

FEVI 

0-20% 18 25 32.5 PIAL, 

VASC, 

POPU3 

21-60% 14 20 

91055 Rocky Mt. Subalpine 

Dry-Mesic Spruce 

Forest 

4 No Data VASC, 

ARCO9, 

ACOC3 

0-40% 4 5 6.5 PICO, 

ABLA, 

PIEN, 

PSME 

31-60% 14 20 

E-2 
 

y 

% 

Low 

ARV

% 

Mid 

ARV

56 80

4 5

46 65

25 35

7 10

35 50

35 50

4 5

4 5

4 5

% 4 5

% 28 40

39 55

14 20

14 20

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix E: Biophysical Setting Summary 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class C 

Dominant 

Species 

Class C 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class D 

Dominant 

Species 

Class D 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class E 

Dominant 

Species 

Class E 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

100 ARTR, 

CHVI4, 

ERNA1, 

PSSPS 

0-30% 11 15 19.5 

6.5 ARRI2, 

ERTH4, 

POSE, 

STST5 

11-30% 63 90 100 

84.5 ARAR8, 

PSSP6, 

ACHY 

10-20% 7 10 13 JUOC, 

PSSP6 

6-40% 11 15 19.5 

45.5 ARTR, 

GRSP, 

POSE, 

HECO2 

11-20% 28 40 52 ARTR, 

GRSP, 

POSE, 

HECO2 

21-40% 7 10 13 

13 CELE3, 

ARTRV, 

CHRYS, 

SYMPH 

10-50% 11 15 19.5 CELE3, 

ARTRV, 

PUTR2 

11-40% 32 45 58.5 CELE3, 

SYMPH, 

ARTRV, 

FEID 

10-60% 18 25 32.5 

65 ARTR, 

CHVI8, 

ELEL5, 

HECO2 

26-35% 18 25 32.5 JUNIP, 

ARTR 

0-15% 4 5 6.5 JUNIP 16-90% 4 5 6.5 

65 ARTRV, 

PUTR2, 

SYMPH, 

CONIF 

26-45% 11 15 19.5 CONIF, 

ARTRV, 

PUTR2, 

SYMPH 

10-25% 7 10 13 CONIF, 

ARTRV, 

PUTR2, 

SYMPH 

26-80% 4 5 6.5 

6.5 ARTRV, 

SYOR, 

POSE, 

ACOC3 

11-20% 7 10 13 JUOC, 

SYOR, 

FEID 

11-30% 25 35 45.5 JUOC, 

FEID, 

BASA 

21-40% 32 45 58.5 

6.5 PIPO, 

ARTR, 

PUTR, 

AGSP 

0-25% 18 25 32.5 PIPO, 

ARTR, 

CELE3, 

ELEL5 

0-25% 28 40 52 PIPO, 

CELE3, 

JUOC, 

FEID 

25-70% 4 5 6.5 

6.5 PIPO, 

PUTR2, 

FEID, 

CEVE 

10-40% 25 35 45.5 PIPO, 

PUTR2, 

FEID, 

CEVE 

10-40% 32 45 58.5 PIPO, 

PUTR2, 

FEID 

41-80% 4 5 6.5 

6.5 PIPO, 

PSME, 

LAOC, 

ABGR 

11-40% 21 30 39 PIPO, 

PSME, 

LAOC, 

ABGR 

11-40% 32 45 58.5 PIPO, 

PSME, 

ABGR, 

LAOC 

41-100% 7 10 13 

52 PIPO, 

LAOC, 

PSME, 

ABGR 

0-50% 7 10 13 PSME, 

PIPO, 

LAOC, 

ABGR 

0-50% 7 10 13 ABGR, 

PSME, 

PIPO, 

LAOC 

51-100% 18 25 32.5 

71.5 PICO, 

LUPIN, 

RICE 

0-40% 14 20 26 

26 PIAL, 

ABLA, 

VASC, 

POPU3 

21-50% 39 55 71.5 

26 PICO, 

ABLA, 

PIEN 

11-30% 28 40 52 ABLA, 

PIEN, 

PICO, 

VASC 

11-40% 18 25 32.5 ABLA, 

PIEN, 

PICO, 

VASC 

41-70% 7 10 13 

E-3 
% 

High 

ARV

Class C 

Dominant 

Species

C

C

26 PICO, 

LIBO3, 

VAME, 

VASC

0

52 POTR, 

SYOR2, 

RIBES

4

100 SAVE4, 

DISTI, 

SPAI, 

LEIC4

84.5 POPUL, 

ALNUS, 

SALIX

2

78 POPUL, 

PINUS, 

ALNUS, 

SALIX

(0-

65 POPUL, 

PINUS, 

SALIX

0

65

100

100

100 ABLA, 

PIAL, 

FEVI, 

ARAC2

2

52 ARAR8, 

PSSP6, 

POSE, 

LOMA

1

58.5 ASTER, 

LUPIN, 

ROWO, 

RIBES

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

BPS # Name 

Fire 

Regime 

Average 

Fire Size 

Class A 

Dominant 

Species 

Class A 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class B 

Dominant 

Species 

Class B 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

91056 PNW Subalpine WetMesic Spruce Forest 4 1000 CHAN9, 

SASC, 

VAME, 

PICO 

0-100% 11 15 19.5 ABLA2, 

PIEN, 

PSME, 

ABGR 

0-100% 14 20 

810610 Inter-Mountain Basins 

Aspen-Mixed Conifer 

Forest and Woodland 

2 10 POTR5, 

SYOR2, 

RIBES 

0-99% 10 14 18.2 POTR, 

SYOR2, 

RIBES 

40-100% 28 40 

81153 Inter-Mt. Basins 

Greasewood Flat 

5 1 LECI4, 

SPAI, 

SAVE4 

0-20% 4 5 6.5 SAVE4, 

DISTI, 

SPAI, 

LECI4 

0-30% 67 95 

81154 Inter-Mountain Basins 

Montane Riparian 

Systems 

5 100 POPUL, 

SALIX, 

ALNUS, 

CAREX 

0-80% 18 25 32.5 POPUL, 

ALNUS, 

SALIX 

21%-100 46 65 

00001 Riparian Systems 3 to 5 100 POPUL, 

SALIX, 

ALNUS, 

CAREX 

0-100% 18 25 32.5 POPUL, 

ALNUS, 

SALIX 

(0-21)-100% 42 60 

81159 Rocky Mt. Montane 

Riparian System 

3 100 POPUL, 

SALIX, 

ALNUS, 

CAREX 

0-100% 21 30 39 POPUL, 

SALIX 

0-100% 35 50 

91160 Rocky Mt. Subalpine/ 

Upper Montane 

Riparian Systems 

3 10 SALIX, 

CAREX, 

PICEA 

0-100% 35 50 65 SALIX, 

CAREX, 

PICEA 

0-100% 35 50 

91143 Rocky Mountain 

Alpine Fell-Field 

5 1 SIAC, 

TRNA2, 

FEBR 

0-20% 4 5 6.5 SIAC, 

TRNA2, 

FEBR 

21-50% 67 95 

911350 IMB Semi-Desert 

Grassland 

4 250 ARTR2, 

HECO2, 

ACHY 

21-40% 14 20 26 ARTR2, 

HECO2, 

ACHY 

0-30% 56 80 

911400 NRM Subalpine 

- Upper Montane 

Grassland 

5 No Data FEVI, 

LUPIN, 

JUPA, 

ACOCO 

11-40% 1 1 1.3 FEVI, 

LUPIN, 

JUPA, 

ACOCO 

41-90% 56 80 

911240 CP Low Sagebrush 

Steppe 

4 No Data PSSP6, 

POSE, 

LOMA, 

EPPA 

0-30% 7 10 13 PSSP6, 

POSE, 

LOMA, 

ARAR8 

1-10% 28 40 

911450 RM SubalpineMontane Mesic 

Meadow 

4 50 ERIGE2, 

LUPIN, 

DECA 

0-100% 4 5 6.5 ERIGE2, 

LUPIN, 

DECA 

0-100% 32 45 

E-4 
B 

y 

 

% 

Low 

ARV

% 

Mid 

ARV

14 20

% 28 40

67 95

0 46 65

0% 42 60

35 50

35 50

67 95

56 80

56 80

28 40

32 45

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix E: Biophysical Setting Summary 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class C 

Dominant 

Species 

Class C 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class D 

Dominant 

Species 

Class D 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

Class E 

Dominant 

Species 

Class E 

Canopy 

Cover 

% 

Low 

ARV 

% 

Mid 

ARV 

% 

High 

ARV 

26 PICO, 

LIBO3, 

VAME, 

VASC 

0-100% 25 35 45.5 PICO, 

LIBO3, 

VAME, 

VASC 

0-100% 14 20 26 ABLA, 

PIEN, 

CLUN2, 

VAME 

0-100% 7 10 13 

52 POTR, 

SYOR2, 

RIBES 

40-100% 25 35 45.5 POTR, 

ABCO, 

ABLA, 

0-40% 7 10 13 ABLA, 

ABCO, 

POTR, 

40-80% 1 1 1.3 

100 SAVE4, 

DISTI, 

SPAI, 

LEIC4 

0.00% 

84.5 POPUL, 

ALNUS, 

SALIX 

21-100% 7 10 13 

78 POPUL, 

PINUS, 

ALNUS, 

SALIX 

(0-21)-100% 11 15 19.5 

65 POPUL, 

PINUS, 

SALIX 

0-100% 14 20 26 

65 

100 

100 

100 ABLA, 

PIAL, 

FEVI, 

ARAC2 

21-70% 13 19 24.7 

52 ARAR8, 

PSSP6, 

POSE, 

LOMA 

11-30% 35 50 65 

58.5 ASTER, 

LUPIN, 

ROWO, 

RIBES 

0-10% 35 50 65 

E-5 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement 

E-6 
 

 

 

 

 

Appendix F: Comparison of Current Vegetation Conditions to the ARV 

Appendix F:

 Comparison of Current Vegetation 

Conditions to the Acceptable 

Range of Variability 

Grassland Shrubland Juniper Woodland Forestland Riparian 

Rangeland 

BPS 

Seral 

Class 

Plan 

Area 

Deficit

Acres 

Plan Area 

Surplus 

Acres 

BLM 

Deficit

Acres 

BLM 

Surplus 

Acres 

% of BpS 

in Priority 

Areas 

Probable 

Treatment Type 

IMB Semi-Desert Grassland

 A 3897 1498 

B -498997 -6686 15.9 RX Fire/Seeding

 U 723619 18343 

CP Steppe & Grassland

 B -229518 

C -253465 -362 0.0 RX Fire/Seeding

 U 1238143 5295 

NRM Subalpine - Upper 

Montane Grassland

 A -124 

0.0 RX Fire/Seeding

 B -2888

 C -1977 -686

 U 3780 

CP Low Sagebrush Steppe

 A 119974 3517 

23.7 RX Fire/Seeding

 B -166343 -3006

 C -169500 -3013

 U 358448 6719 

CP Scabland Shrubland

 A 224084 2869 

2.8 

RX Fire/ 

Mechanical/ 

Seeding

 B -15875 -224

 C -295167 -3771

 U 219455 2554 

Stiff & Low Sagebrush w/ 

Trees

 A 365464 2202 

26.1 

RX Fire/ 

Mechanical/ 

Seeding

 B -566397 -16418

 C -473

 D 3790 -630

 U 323110 2138 

IMB Big Sagebrush 

Shrubland

 A 295240 15256 

3.1 

RX Fire/ 

Mechanical/ 

Seeding

 B -575177 -20849

 C -641393 -24700

 U 1394826 28822 

F-1 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement onmental Impact Statement 

Grassland Shrubland Juniper Woodland Forestland Riparian 

Rangeland 

BPS 

Seral 

Class 

Plan 

Area 

Deficit

Acres 

Plan Area 

Surplus 

Acres 

BLM 

Deficit

Acres 

BLM 

Surplus 

Acres 

% of BpS 

in Priority 

Areas 

Probable 

Treatment Type 

Wyoming Big Sagebrush 

Semi-Desert w/ Trees

 A 546751 14677 

0.0 

RX Fire / 

Mechanical / 

Seeding

 B -2588703 -34566

 C -531495

 D 1143557 38618

 E 285440 18280

 U 2323975 17147 

Mountain Big Sagebrush w/ 

Conifers

 A 111465 

50.0 

RX Fire / 

Mechanical / 

Seeding

 B -386582 -4736

 C -675

 D 120132 3745

 E 193812 5168

 U 64666 287 

IMB Mountain. Mahogany 

Woodland and Shrubland

 A 16252 18 

0.0 

RX Fire / 

Mechanical / 

Seeding

 B -6434 -273

 D -86

 U 1545 41 

IMB Greasewood Flat Seral

 A 603 22 

27.2 

RX Fire / 

Mechanical / 

Seeding

 B -2202 -502 9

 U 2563 37 

Juniper Steppe Woodland

 A 28050 877 

33.4 Mechanical / RX 

Fire / Seeding

 B -11255 -293

 D -67226 -3098

 E 23313

 U 18605 351 

NRM Ponderosa Pine 

Woodland - Xeric

 A -197 

42.0 Mechanical / RX 

Fire 

B 258475 3111

 C -79527 -1088

 D -211431 -5347

 E 215375 160

 U 5759 29 

NRM Ponderosa Pine 

Woodland - Mesic

 A 1772 

32.5 Mechanical / RX 

Fire

 B 1190315 9844

 C -722343 -3301

 D -1110425 -6311

 E 1299283 5230

 U 14120 90 

F-2 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix F: Comparison of Current Vegetation Conditions to the ARV 

Grassland Shrubland Juniper Woodland Forestland Riparian 

Rangeland 

BPS 

Seral 

Class 

Plan 

Area 

Deficit

Acres 

Plan Area 

Surplus 

Acres 

BLM 

Deficit

Acres 

BLM 

Surplus 

Acres 

% of BpS 

in Priority 

Areas 

Probable 

Treatment Type 

NRM Dry-Mesic Montane 

Mixed Conifer Forest

 A 33369 37 

0.0 Mechanical/ 

RX Fire

 B 1971674 6661

 C -1625468 -4597

 D -2424037 -6026

 E 3211852 18669

 U 12998 67 

NRM W. Hemlock - W. Red 

Cedar Forest

 A -40 

0.0 Mechanical/ 

RX Fire

 B -226

 C -39788 -89

 D -35584

 E 100501

 U 125 

IMB Aspen-Mixed Conifer 

Forest and Woodland

 A -169 

66.8 Mechanical/ 

RX Fire

 B -235613 -1550

 C -208005 -1406

 D 1157

 E 606431 3724

 U 12267 42 

RM Poor Site Lodgepole 

Pine Forest

 A -17249 -64 

46.8 Mechanical/ 

RX Fire

 B -47885 -175

 C -17491 -64

 U 120199 454 

NRM Subalpine Dry 

Woodland & Parkland

 A 15390 

0.0 Mechanical

 B -1

 C -12782 -7

 U 1163 

RM Subalpine Dry-Mesic 

Spruce Forest

 A 56900 3 

21.9 Mechanical

 B 74733 7

 C -121794 -2

 D -74290 -1

 E 97952 5

 U 6686 

F-3 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement onmental Impact Statement 

Grassland Shrubland Juniper Woodland Forestland Riparian 

Rangeland 

BPS 

Seral 

Class 

Plan 

Area 

Deficit

Acres 

Plan Area 

Surplus 

Acres 

BLM 

Deficit

Acres 

BLM 

Surplus 

Acres 

% of BpS 

in Priority 

Areas 

Probable 

Treatment Type 

RM Subalpine Wet-Mesic 

Spruce Forest

 A 3261 

28.6 Mechanical

 B 4582 -3

 C -38874 -8

 D 20811 -4

 E -1

 U 1652 

IMB Montane Riparian 

Systems

 A -121168 -353 

0.0 Mechanical\ 

Rx Fire

 B -377346 -2816

 C 466215 2858

 U 236584 1442 

Riparian Systems

 A 27197 647 

23.0 Mechanical\ 

Rx Fire

 B -20638 -88

 C -4427

 U 10473 234 

RM Montane Riparian 

Systems

 A -172232 -986 

0.0 Mechanical\ 

Rx Fire

 B -313359 -2053

 C 358017 3529

 U 291242 846 

RM Subalpine-Montane 

Mesic Meadow

 A 8430 530 

40.4 Mechanical\ 

Rx Fire

 B -21806 -338

 C -24158 -422

 U 56225 

RM Subalpine/Upper 

Montane Riparian Systems

 A 55 

34.3 Mechanical\ 

Rx Fire B -66215

 U 77536 74 

F-4 
Appendix G: Desired Conditions for Stream Channel Restoration 

Appendix G:

Desired Conditions for 

Stream Channel Restoration 

Desired Condition - Streambank Stability 

Minimum Percent Cover1 by Capability Groups 

Percent Stream 

Gradient Substrate Classes 

Percent of greenline 

represented by late seral 

community types or 

anchored rocks/logs 

Less than 0.5% 

Gravel, Cobble, or consolidated2

 Silt, Clay or Sand 98% + 

Non-consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 90% + 

0.5 to 2.0% 

Gravel, Cobble, or consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 90% + 

Non-consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 85% + 

2.0 to 4.0% 

Gravel, Cobble, or consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 85% + 

Non-consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 80% + 

4.0 to 10% 

Non-consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 80% + 

Gravel or consolidated Silt, Clay or Sand 85% + 

10% + Bedrock 98% + 

1

Minimum percent cover is used as a measure of streambank stability. Adapted from Winward, 2000. Values are intended as a starting point 

for discussions of restoration projects. Inter-Disciplinary (ID) teams decide final design of site. 

2

 Consolidated material refers to situations where at least one major soil horizon within the rooting zone consists of strongly compacted, 

cohesive, or cemented particles. 

Desired Condition - Width to Depth Ratios 

Gradient % 

Entrenchment 

less than 1.4 

Entrenchment greater than 1.4 and: 

Columbia Plateau Blue Mountains 

0-0.5 5-10 

4 x Drainage Area (sq. miles) 0.27 15.4 x Drainage Area (sq. miles) 0.09 0.5+ 3-12 

This table was initiated with data from local ODFW stream surveys and then ratios were reduced based on regional rating curves from 

Castro, 1997. Values are not intended as targets, just starting point for discussions of restoration projects. Inter-Disciplinary (ID) teams 

decide final design. 

G-1 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement onmental Impact Statement 

Desired Condition - Percent Pools 

% Gradient 

Precipitation (inches) 

7-9 9-14 14-16 16-25 25-40 40-60 60-80 

0-0.5 40-70 

40-60 

30-60 30-60 30-60 

0.5-2 30-50 20-40 

2-4 20-30 20-30 20-40 20-50 20-40 30-50

4+ 10-20 10 to 20 20 to 30 30-40 20-30 10-20 

LWD very 

important 

=LWD forms approximately two 

thirds of pools 

These ranges were generated from 

local ODFW stream surveys, studies of 

Eastern Oregon LWD, old GLO land 

survey notes from 1800s, and several 

studies on the increase in pools resulting 

from increases in LWD (approx 50%). 

Values are not intended as targets, 

just starting point for discussions of 

restoration projects. Inter-Disciplinary 

(ID) teams decide final design of site 

specific restoration of pools and large 

wood. 

LWD 

important 

=LWD forms approximately half of 

pools 

LWD less 

important =LWD forms less than half of pools 

Desired Condition - Residual pool depth as % of Reach Bankfull Width 

% Gradient 

Precipitation (inches) 

7-14 14-25 25-35 35+ 

0-0.5 2+% 3+% 4+% 5+% 

0.5-2 2+% 4+% 5+% 7+% 

2-4 4+% 5+% 7+% 8+% 

4+ 6%+ 7%+ 9%+ 10%+ 

These ranges were generated from local ODFW stream surveys, studies of Eastern Oregon LWD, old GLO land 

survey notes from 1800s, and several studies on the increase in pools resulting from increases in LWD (approx 

50%). Values are not intended as targets, just as starting points for restoration projects. Inter-Disciplinary (ID) 

team discussion guides site specific implementation of restoration work to restore pools and large wood. 

G-2 
Appendix H: Special Status Wildlife 

Appendix H:

Special Status Wildlife 

H-1 
Draft John Day Basin Resource Management Plan and Environmental Impact Statement onmental Impact Statement 

Species Scientific Name

Planning 

Area 

Occurrence 

General Habitat Description 

(Csuti 1997) 

Federally Listed Species 

Canada Lynx (T) Lynx canadensis Suspected – 

dispersal only 

Dense boreal forests that have openings 

such as meadows, bogs, or rock 

outcroppings. 14 sq. mile home range. 

Den under logs, hollow trees, under 

thick brush. 

Sensitive Species 

Mammals 

California Wolverine Gulo gulo Suspected – 

dispersal only 

Open forests at higher elevations in 

alpine areas. Will cross clear-cuts, but 

avoids young, dense regenerating 

forests or brushy areas. 

Fisher Martes pennanti Suspected Mature closed canopy coniferous forests 

w/ some deciduous component. May 

travel 50 miles in 3 days. Den in hollow 

logs, brush piles, or rocks. 

Pallid Bat Antrozous pallidus Suspected Arid regions or open forests with p 

pine or oak. Uses desert vegetation 

(sagebrush, juniper, salt desert shrub). 

Cliff-faces, caves, mines or buildings. 

Forages on ground – crickets, beetles, 

grasshoppers, scorpions, mice, and 

lizards. 

Pygmy Rabbit Bachylagus idahoensis Documented Tall dense clumps of Great Basin 

sagebrush or greasewood. Deep friable 

soils to burrow. 

Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum Documented Variety of habitats from p pine to desert 

water holes. Crevices in cliffs used for 

reproduction are more important than 

veg. type. Eats moths. 

Townsend’s Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus 

townsendii 

Documented Pacific coast east to Great Plains 

including arid eastern OR. The presence 

of suitable roost sites is more important 

than veg. Roosts in buildings, caves, 

mines, and bridges. Feed on moths. 

Washington Ground Squirrel Spermophilus 

washingtoni 

Documented Arid deserts & grasslands, most freq. in 

sagebrush or grasslands associated w/ 

river banks, hillsides, or ravines. 

Birds 

American Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 

anatum 

Documented Suitable nest is most critical: cliffs, 

overlooking fairly open areas with 

ample food. Usually nest near where 

waterbirds are plentiful. Home range – 

25 to 100 sq. miles. 

H-2 
Appendix H: Special Status Wildlife 

Species Scientific Name

Planning 

Area 

Occurrence 

General Habitat Description 

(Csuti 1997) 

American White Pelican Pelecanus 

erythrorhynchos 

Unknown Inland lakes and marshes during 

breeding season. A predator-free island 

is required for nesting. Almost any 

water body outside of breeding season. 

Black Swift Cypseloides niger Unlikely Cliff faces near or behind waterfalls 

– usually in deep canyons in wooded 

areas. 

Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus Unknown Open prairies, grasslands, wet 

meadows, pastures, irrigated hay 

meadows, and grain crops. 

Bufflehead Bucephala albeola Unknown Nests near mountain lakes surrounded 

by open woodlands containing snags. 

Preferred nest trees: aspen, p pine, and 

doug fir. After breeding season found 

on open water or major rivers and that 

coast. 

Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus 

savannarum 

Suspected Short grasslands with occasional shrubs 

< 35% CC. Prefer native bunch grasses 

on north slopes of hills with scattered 

shrubs. Use cultivated grasslands and 

pastures. 1-4 ac. territory. 

Greater Sage Grouse Centrocercus 

urophasianus 

Documented Areas dominated by big sagebrush with 

cover 15 to 50%. Males use open areas 

as leks. 

Lewis’ Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis Documented Open forests at lower elevation, white 

oak-pine, p pine, and cottonwood 

riparian woodlands in river valleys. 15 

ac. territory. Eat berries and nuts in fall. 

Uses other WP holes. 

Northern Bald Eagle Haliaeetus 

leucocephalus 

Documented Rivers, lakes, & marshes with nearby 

tall trees or cliffs for nesting. Nests are 

usually 1 mile apart. May travel 10 miles 

from roost to forage. Nest in large tall 

tree within 1⁄2 m. of water. 

Northern Waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis Unknown Riparian thickets in forests, near rapidly 

flowing water. Occasionally uses dense 

vegetation at the edges of lakes. 

Tricolored Blackbird 

(breeding pop.) 

Agelaius tricolor Documented Breeds in freshwater marshes with 

cattails or thickets of willows or shrubs. 

High elevation habitat use is unlikely. 

Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinators Unknown Freshwater cattail and bulrush marshes. 

Nests on the shores of large inland lakes 

and marshes. 

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Species Scientific Name

Planning 

Area 

Occurrence 

General Habitat Description 

(Csuti 1997) 

Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda Suspected Nests in partially flooded meadows 

and grasslands, usually with a fringe of 

trees, and often in the middle of highelevation sagebrush. Meadows are little 

grazed and have forbs. Perches in trees/ 

snags surrounding the nest site. 

White-headed Woodpecker Picoides albolarvatus Documented Closely associated with P pine & mixed 

conifer with p pine. Requires large trees 

>20”dbh, 250 – 500 ac. home range. Nest 

on edge of a clearing. 

Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus Documented 

Historically 

Thick closed-canopy riparian forest with 

an understory of dense brush. Willow, 

black cottonwoods along rivers of E. 

OR Patches must be > 37 ac. in size with 

>7 ac. of closed canopy. Feed primarily 

amount cottonwoods. 

Yellow Rail Coturnicops 

novebroacensis 

Suspected Freshwater marshes & wet meadows w/ 

sedges, usually surrounded by willow, 

standing water up to 1’ during breeding. 

Amphibians and Reptiles General Habitat Description (Corkran and Thom, 2006) 

Columbia Spotted Frog Rana luteiventris Documented Marshes, permanent ponds, lake edges 

and slow streams, usually where there 

is abundant aquatic vegetation. Breed in 

very shallow water. 

Cope’s Giant Salamander Dicamptondon copei Unlikely Small, steep-gradient, permanent 

streams with clear, cold water. 

Streambeds composed of large gravel 

to small boulders with some large logs, 

has no silt. Large logs and rock along the 

stream bed. 

Invertebrates 

Dalles Juga Juga hemphillii 

dalliensis 

Unlikely Found in large springs and medium 

sized creeks at low elevations. Needs 

highly oxygenated, cold and fast 

flowing water. Water cress (Rorippa 

sp). is present at most sites. Little 

or no epiphytic algae and few other 

macrophytes. 

Deschutes Mountain snail Oreohelix variabilis 

nov. 

Documented Talus piles on northern aspects on the 

Oregon side of the Columbia gorge. The 

talus is often associated with springs 

although it usually occupies only the 

margins of those springs. 

Deschutes Sideband Monadenia fidelis nov. Unlikely Not well defined at this time. 

H-4 
Appendix H: Special Status Wildlife 

Species Scientific Name

Planning 

Area 

Occurrence 

General Habitat Description 

(Csuti 1997) 

Meadow fritillary Boloria Bellona Suspected Usually wet places marshes, wet 

aspen groves. Favorite nectar sources 

are composites, including black-eyed 

susans, dandelions, and ox-eyed daisy. 

Plants from other families, such as 

verbena and dogbane, are visited less 

often. 

Purple-lipped Juga Juga hemphillii 

maupensis 

Unlikely Found in large streams with gravel/ 

cobble riffles. Needs well oxygenated 

water. omewhat tolerant of siltation 

and slack water. Found with other 

more widely distributed species of 

snails. Little or no epiphytic algae or 

macrophytes are found at the sites. 

Silver-bordered fritillary Boloria selene Suspected Wet meadows, bogs, marshes. Favorite 

nectar sources are composite flowers, 

including goldenrod and black-eyed 

susans. 

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H-6 
Appendix I-1: Wild and Scenic River Eligibility Inventory 

Appendix I-1:

Wild and Scenic River 

Eligibility Inventory 

I-1-1
FINAL REPORT 

rf,.LJ.JI'-'J&CJ DISTRICT OFFICE ELIGffilLITY INVENTO 

Land Management 

neville District Office 

3050 NE 3rd Street 

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DO 0f50,f= 

I' 

'b 

Gl 

John Day River Basin Boundary 

Wild and Scenic Rive

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure 1. Project Wate

LEGEN

LAND OWNE

__ PROJECT WATERWAY 

(RIVER 10 NO.) 

C ! BlM 

-- HIGHWAY 

_ FORES

o 5 1 0 

U 0 lU 

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A1. Segments 2.01-2.02. 

LEGEND 

Oustandingly Remarkable Value 

__ (labeled by type and description) 

_ Project waterway 

(labeled by segment) 

=== Roads 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

O BLM 

_ Forest SelVice 

_ National Park 

[ZZ] Private 

o State 

Base Maps are Monument, Johnny Cake Mountain, Slickear 

Mountain. and Steet Mountain, OR 1 :24,000 USGS Quadrangles N 

:.. Sl~~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0 250 500 1,000 Meters wAc ~ .... 75E

O==1j.5.00 .... 1IIIIiIii 3:000 Feet 1 :24,000 y 

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A2. Segments 2.02-2.04. 

_ Project waterway 

=== Roads 

LEGEND 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

O BLM 

Forest Service 

l1li National Park 

I:ZZJ Private 

o Sial. 

Base Maps are Slickear Mountain and Johnny 1-24 014 

Cake Mountain, OR 1:24,000 USGS Quadrangles ., N 

o 250 SOD 1 000 Meters W E + 750 1 SOD 3000 Feel 

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A3. Segments 2.05-2.09. 

LEGEND 

Oustandingly Remarkable Value 

_ (labeled by type and description) 

_ Project waterway 

=== Roads 

Base Map is Slickear Mountain, 

OR 1:24,000 USGS Quadrangle 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

D BlM 

Forest Service 

.. National Park 

[Z'2'] Private 

c=J Stale 

1:24,000 

.... O 2.5::0==50j O ........ 1.000 Meiers 

750 1 500 3 000 Feet 

SCENIC AND RECREATIONAL VALUES 

(WITHIN 0.25 MILE OF WATERWAY) 

-Diverse scenic values including a wide variety of vegetation, color, 

and interesting land fonns 

-High quality recreation opportunities, especially for boating and fishing 

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A4. Segments 2.10-2.13. 

LEGEND 

Oustandingly Remarkable Value 

(labeled by type and description) 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

O BLM 

_ Project waterway 

Roads 

Forest Service 

_ National Park 

o State 

Base Maps are Ritter and Slickear Mountain, 

OR 1 :24,000 USGS Quadrangles 1 :24,000 +N 

o 265 530 1 W . E 

o 750 1,500 3,000 Feel 

S 

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Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A5, Segment 2,13. 

LEGEND 

Oustandingly Remarkable Value 

__ (labeled by type and description) 

_ Project waterway 

Roads 

Base Maps are Ritter and Thompson Flat, 

OR 1 :24,000 USGS Quadrangles 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

O BLM 

_ Forest Service _ National Park 

[?Z] Private 

O Slale 

1:24,000 

o 250 500 1,000 Meiers 

750 1,500 3,000 Feel 

I-1-34
 
Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A6. Segments 2.13 and 2.14. 

LEGEND 

Oustandingly Remarkable Value 

__ (labeled by type and description) 

_ Project waterway 

=== Roads 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

O BLM 

Forest SelVice 

_ National Park 

o Private 

o State 

Base Maps are Deerhorn Creek and Meadow 

Brook Summit, OR 1 :24,000 USGS Quadrangles 1:24,OOOW+E 

S 

o 250 500 

750 1,500 

I-1-35
 
Wild and Scenic Rivers Review 

North Fork of the John Day River 

Figure A7. Segments 2.14,2.15, and 2.16. 

LEGEND 

_ Project waterway 

Roads 

LAND OWNERSHIP 

BLM 

Forest Service 

_ National Park 

D Slale 

Base Maps are Deerhorn Creek and Meadow 1'24 000 

Brook Summit, OR 1 :24,000 USGS Quadrangles ., +N 

o 250 500 1,000 Meters 

• IV E 

750 1.500 3.000 Feet 

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Appendix I-2: N. Fork John Day River Wild and Scenic River Eligibility Inventory 

Appendix I-2:

Documentation of Wild and Scenic 

River Eligibility for the

North Fork John Day River 

I-2-1 
DOCUMENTATION OF ELIGIBILITY 

Eligibility Assessment for North Fork John Day River (NFJDR) Segments Identified 

For Possible Inclusion as Components of the National 

Wild and Scenic Rivers System 

SECTIONC 

Free- Outstandingly Remarkable Flowing Values 31 Potential Classification 

River Name Values 

y N b d f Wild Scenic Recre 

a c e g -ation 

NFJDR 

Segment A 

(Camas Creek X X X X X X 

to Mallory 

Creek) 

NFJDR 

SegmentB 

(Mallory X X X X X Creek to 

River Mile 

2004) 

3/ (See Section B for description of values) 

a- Scenic 

b - Recreational 

c - Geological 

d-Fish 

e - Historical 

f- Cultural 

g - Other Similar Values 

d\.N ~ M .n ~ Christina M. Welch / Central Oregon Resource Area 

Eligibility 

Determination 

y N 

X 

X 

3 13 /200 <6 

Date 

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