BART MODELING PROTOCOL  REFINED ANALYSIS

AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER

COMANCHE POWER STATION

NORTHEASTERN POWER STATION

SOUTHWESTERN POWER STATION

Prepared by: 

Eugene Chen, PE  Senior Consultant 

Jeremy Townley  Consultant 

TRINITY CONSULTANTS

120 East Sheridan 

Suite 205 

Oklahoma City, OK 73104 

(405) 228-3292 

August, 2008 

Project 083701.0057 
American Electric Power i Trinity Consultants 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 BEST AVAILABLE RETROFIT TECHNOLOGY RULE BACKGROUND ......................... 1-1 

1.2 MODELING PROTOCOL BACKGROUND .................................................................. 1-1 

1.3 OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................ 1-2 

1.4 LOCATION OF SOURCES AND RELEVANT CLASS I AREAS...................................... 1-2 

2. CALPUFF MODEL SYSTEM ............................................................................... 2-1

2.1 MODEL VERSIONS................................................................................................. 2-1 

2.2 MODELING DOMAIN ............................................................................................. 2-1 

3. CALMET............................................................................................................ 3-1

3.1 GEOPHYSICAL DATA............................................................................................. 3-1 

3.1.1 TERRAIN DATA .................................................................................................3-1

3.1.2 LAND USE DATA...............................................................................................3-2

3.1.3 COMPILING TERRAIN AND LAND USE DATA.....................................................3-3

3.2 METEOROLOGICAL DATA ..................................................................................... 3-3 

3.2.1 MESOSCALE MODEL METEOROLOGICAL DATA ...............................................3-3

3.2.2 SURFACE METEOROLOGICAL DATA .................................................................3-4

3.2.3 UPPER AIR METEOROLOGICAL DATA...............................................................3-5

3.2.4 PRECIPITATION METEOROLOGICAL DATA........................................................3-6

3.2.5 BUOY METEOROLOGICAL DATA ......................................................................3-7

3.3 CALMET CONTROL PARAMETERS....................................................................... 3-8 

3.3.1 VERTICAL METEOROLOGICAL PROFILE............................................................3-8

3.3.2 INFLUENCES OF OBSERVATIONS.......................................................................3-9

4. CALPUFF........................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 EMISSIONS SOURCE DATA .................................................................................... 4-1 

4.2 RECEPTOR LOCATIONS.......................................................................................... 4-1 

4.3 BACKGROUND OZONE AND AMMONIA.................................................................. 4-1 

4.4 CALPUFF MODEL CONTROL PARAMETERS......................................................... 4-1 

5. POST PROCESSING............................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 POSTUTIL PROCESSING METHOD....................................................................... 5-1 
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5.2 CALPOST – LIGHT EXTINCTION ALGORITHM ..................................................... 5-1 

5.3 CALPOST PROCESSING METHOD......................................................................... 5-3 

5.4 NATURAL BACKGROUND ...................................................................................... 5-3 

5.5 EVALUATING VISIBILITY RESULTS ....................................................................... 5-4 

5.6 SUMMARY OF CALPOST CONTROL PARAMETERS............................................... 5-4 

APPENDIX A- METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS
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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1-1. BART-ELIGIBLE SOURCES ...............................................................................................1-2

TABLE 1-2. DISTANCE FROM STATION TO SURROUNDING CLASS I AREAS .......................................1-3

TABLE 2-1. CALPUFF MODELING SYSTEM VERSIONS .....................................................................2-1

TABLE 3-1. VERTICAL LAYERS OF THE CALMET METEOROLOGICAL DOMAIN................................3-9

TABLE 5-1. MONTHLY HUMIDITY FACTORS.......................................................................................5-3

TABLE 5-2. DEFAULT AVERAGE ANNUAL NATURAL BACKGROUND LEVELS ...................................5-4

TABLE A-1. LIST OF SURFACE METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

TABLE A-2. LIST OF UPPER AIR METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

TABLE A-3. LIST OF PRECIPITATION METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

TABLE A-4. LIST OF OVER WATER METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS
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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1-1. PLOT OF SOURCES AND NEAREST CLASS I AREAS .........................................................1-3

FIGURE 2-1. REFINED METEOROLOGICAL MODELING DOMAIN.........................................................2-2

FIGURE 3-1. PLOT OF LAND ELEVATION USING USGS TERRAIN DATA ............................................3-2

FIGURE 3-2. PLOT OF LAND USE USING USGS LULC DATA.............................................................3-3

FIGURE 3-3. PLOT OF SURFACE STATION LOCATIONS........................................................................3-5

FIGURE 3-4. PLOT OF UPPER AIR STATIONS LOCATIONS ...................................................................3-6

FIGURE 3-5. PLOT OF PRECIPITATION METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS .................................................3-7

FIGURE 3-6. PLOT OF BUOY METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS ................................................................3-8

 
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1. INTRODUCTION

American Electric Power/Public Service Company of Oklahoma (AEP) owns and operates three 

electric generating stations near Lawton, Oklahoma (Comanche Power Station), Oologah, Oklahoma 

(Northeastern Power Station), and Washita, Oklahoma (Southwestern Power Station). These 

generating stations are considered eligible to be regulated under the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency’s (EPA) Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) provisions of the Regional Haze Rule. 

This protocol describes the proposed methodology for the Refined CALPUFF BART modeling 

analysis for the Comanche, Northeastern, and Southwestern Power Stations. 

1.1 BEST AVAILABLE RETROFIT TECHNOLOGY RULE BACKGROUND

On July 1, 1999, the U.S. Environmental EPA published the final Regional Haze Rule (RHR). The 

objective of the RHR is to improve visibility in 156 specific areas across with United States, known 

as Class I areas. The Clean Air Act defines Class I areas as certain national parks (over 6000 acres), 

wilderness areas (over 5000 acres), national memorial parks (over 5000 acres), and international 

parks that were in existence on August 7, 1977. 

On July 6, 2005, the EPA published amendments to its 1999 RHR, often called the BART rule, which 

included guidance for making source-specific Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) 

determinations. The BART rule defines BART-eligible sources as sources that meet the following 

criteria: 

(1) Have potential emissions of at least 250 tons per year of a visibility-impairing pollutant, 

(2) Began operation between August 7, 1962 and August 7, 1977, and 

(3) Are listed as one of the 26 listed source categories in the guidance. 

A BART-eligible source is not automatically subject to BART. Rather, BART-eligible sources are 

subject-to-BART if the sources are “reasonably anticipated to cause or contribute to visibility 

impairment in any federal mandatory Class I area.” EPA has determined that sources are reasonably 

anticipated to cause or contribute to visibility impairment if the visibility impacts from a source are 

greater than 0.5 deciviews (dv) when compared against a natural background. 

Air quality modeling is the tool that is used to determine a source’s visibility impacts. States have the 

authority to exempt certain BART-eligible sources from installing BART controls if the results of the 

dispersion modeling demonstrate that the source cannot reasonably be anticipated to cause or 

contribute to visibility impairment in a Class I area. Further, states also have the authority to define 

the modeling procedures for conducting modeling related to making BART determinations. 

1.2 MODELING PROTOCOL BACKGROUND

To promote consistency between states in the development of BART modeling protocols and to 

harmonize the approaches between adjacent RPOs, the Central States Regional Air Planning 

(CENRAP) organization developed BART Modeling Guidelines (December 15, 2005). The intent of 
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the guidelines is to assist CENRAP states and source operators in the development of statewide and 

source-specific modeling protocols. 

1.3 OBJECTIVE

The objective of this document is to provide a protocol summarizing the modeling methods and 

procedures that will be followed to conduct a refined CALPUFF modeling analysis for the AEP 

stations discussed above. The modeling methods and procedures will be used to determine 

appropriate controls for AEP’s BART-eligible sources that can reasonably be anticipated to reduce 

the sources’ effects on or contribution to visibility impairment in the surrounding Class I areas. 

1.4 LOCATION OF SOURCES AND RELEVANT CLASS I AREAS

The sources listed in Table 1-1 through 1-3 are the sources that have been identified by AEP as 

sources that meet the three criteria for BART-eligible sources. 

TABLE 1-1. BART-ELIGIBLE SOURCES

EPN Description 

Comanche Sources 

Unit 1G1 1,250 MMBtu/hr Natural Gas Fired Turbine 

Unit 1G2 1,250 MMBtu/hr Natural Gas Fired Turbine 

Northeastern Sources 

Unit 2 4,754 MMBtu/hr Natural Gas Fired Boiler 

Unit 3 4,775 MMBtu/hr Coal Fired Boiler 

Unit 4 4,775 MMBtu/hr Coal Fired Boiler 

Southwestern Sources 

Unit 3 3,290 MMBtu/hr Natural Gas Fired Boiler 

As required in CENRAP’s BART Modeling Guidelines, Class I areas within 300 km of each station 

will be included in each analysis. The following tables summarize the distances of the four closest 

Class I areas to each station. As seen from this summary, some Class I areas are more than 300 km 

from the certain stations. However, in order to demonstrate that each station will not have an adverse 

effect on the visibility at any of the four nearest Class I areas, AEP has opted to include those Class I 

areas more than 300 km away in this analysis. Note that the distances listed in the tables below are 

the distances between the stations and the closest border of the Class I areas. 
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TABLE 1-2. DISTANCE FROM STATION TO SURROUNDING CLASS I AREAS

CACR HEGL UPBU WIMO 

Comanche 381 537 463 40 

Northeastern 262 244 209 323 

Southwestern 389 513 449 44 

A plot of the Class I areas with respect to the each station is provided in Figure 1-1. 

 FIGURE 1-1. PLOT OF SOURCES AND NEAREST CLASS I AREAS

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

WIMO CACR

UPBU

HEGL

Class I Areas
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2. CALPUFF MODEL SYSTEM

The main components of the CALPUFF modeling system are CALMET, CALPUFF, and CALPOST. 

CALMET is the meteorological model that generates hourly three-dimensional meteorological fields 

such as wind and temperature. CALPUFF simulates the non-steady state transport, dispersion, and 

chemical transformation of air pollutants emitted from a source in “puffs”. CALPUFF calculates 

hourly concentrations of visibility affecting pollutants at each specified receptor in a modeling 

domain. CALPOST is the post-processor for CALPUFF that computes visibility impacts from a 

source based on the visibility affecting pollutant concentrations that were output by CALPUFF. 

2.1 MODEL VERSIONS

The versions of the CALPUFF modeling system programs that are proposed for conducting AEP’s 

BART modeling are listed in Table 2-1. 

TABLE 2-1. CALPUFF MODELING SYSTEM VERSIONS

Processor Version Level 

TERREL 3.3 030402 

CTGCOMP 2.21 030402 

CTGPROC 2.63 050128 

MAKEGEO 2.2 030402 

CALMET 5.53a 040716 

CALPUFF 5.8 070623 

POSTUTIL 1.3 030402 

CALPOST 5.51 030709 

2.2 MODELING DOMAIN

The CALPUFF modeling system utilizes three modeling grids: the meteorological grid, the 

computational grid, and the sampling grid. The meteorological grid is the system of grid points at 

which meteorological fields are developed with CALMET. The computational grid determines the 

computational area for a CALPUFF run. Puffs are advected and tracked only while within the 

computational grid. The meteorological grid is defined so that it covers the areas of concern and 

gives enough marginal buffer area for puff transport and dispersion. A plot of the proposed 

meteorological modeling domain with respect to the Class I areas being modeled is provided in 

Figure 2-1. The computational domain will be set to extend at least 50 km in all directions beyond 
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the Comanche, Northeastern, and Southwestern Power Stations and the Class I areas of interest. Note 

that the map projection for the modeling domain will be Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) and the 

datum will be the World Geodetic System 84 (WGS-84). The reference point for the modeling 

domain is Latitude 40oN, Longitude 97oW. The southwest corner will be set to -951.547 km LCC, -

1646.637 km LCC corresponding to Latitude 24.813 oN and Longitude 87.778oW. The 

meteorological grid spacing will be 4 km, resulting in 462 grid points in the X direction and 376 grid 

points in the Y direction. 

FIGURE 2-1. REFINED METEOROLOGICAL MODELING DOMAIN

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

WIMO CACR

UPBU

HEGL

Class I Areas

Meteorological Modeling Domain

Computational Modeling Domain
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3. CALMET

The EPA Approved Version of the CALMET meteorological processor will be used to generate the 

meteorological data for CALPUFF. CALMET is the meteorological processor that compiles 

meteorological data from raw observations of surface and upper air conditions, precipitation 

measurements, mesoscale model output, and geophysical parameters into a single hourly, gridded 

data set for input into CALPUFF. CALMET will be used to assimilate data for 2001- 2003 using 

National Weather Service (NWS) surface station observations, upper air station observations, 

precipitation station observations, buoy station observations (for overwater areas), and mesoscale 

model output to develop the meteorological field. 

3.1 GEOPHYSICAL DATA

CALMET requires geophysical data to characterize the terrain and land use parameters that 

potentially affect dispersion. Terrain features affect flows and create turbulence in the atmosphere 

and are potentially subjected to higher concentrations of elevated puffs. Different land uses exhibit 

variable characteristics such as surface roughness, albedo, Bowen ratio, and leaf-area index that also 

effect turbulence and dispersion. 

3.1.1 TERRAIN DATA

Terrain data will be obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 

1-degree (1:250,000 scale or approximately 90 meter resolution) digital format. The 

USGS terrain data will then be processed by the TERREL program to generate grid-cell 

elevation averages across the modeling domain. A plot of the land elevations based on the 

USGS data for the modeling domain is provided in Figure 3-1. 
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FIGURE 3-1. PLOT OF LAND ELEVATION USING USGS TERRAIN DATA

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting(km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC 

Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

0

982

1960

2950

3930

Terrain 

Elevation (m)

3.1.2 LAND USE DATA

The land use land cover (LULC) data from the USGS North American land cover 

characteristics data base in the Lambert Azimuthal equal area map projection will be used 

in order to determine the land use within the modeling domain. The LULC data will be 

processed by the CTGPROC program which will generate land use for each grid cell 

across the modeling domain. A plot of the land use based on the USGS data for the 

modeling domain is provided in Figure 3-2. 
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FIGURE 3-2. PLOT OF LAND USE USING USGS LULC DATA

3.1.3 COMPILING TERRAIN AND LAND USE DATA

The terrain data files output by the TERELL program and the LULC files output by the 

CTGPROC program will be uploaded into the MAKEGEO program to create a 

geophysical data file that will be input into CALMET. 

3.2 METEOROLOGICAL DATA 

CALMET will be used to assimilate data for 2001, 2002, and 2003 using mesoscale model output and 

National Weather Service (NWS) surface station observations, upper air station observations, 

precipitation station observations, and National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administrations (NOAA) 

buoy station observations to develop the meteorological field. 

3.2.1 MESOSCALE MODEL METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Hourly mesoscale data will also be used as the initial guess field in developing the 

CALMET meteorological data. It is AEP’s intent to use the following 5th generation 

mesoscale model meteorological data sets (or MM5 data) in the analysis: 

• 2001 MM5 data at 12 km resolution generated by the U.S. EPA 

• 2002 MM5 data at 36 km resolution generated by the Iowa DNR 

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

L

C

C

N

o

r

t

h

i

n

g

(

k

)

m

10

27.5

45

62.5

80

Land Use

Comanche Station

Northeastern Station

Southwestern Station
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• 2003 MM5 data set at 36 km resolution generated by the Midwest RPO 

The specific MM5 data that will be used are subsets of the data listed above. As the 

contractor to CENRAP for developing the meteorological data sets for the BART 

modeling, Alpine Geophysics extracted three subsets of MM5 data for each year from 

2001 to 2003 from the data sets listed above using the CALMM5 extraction program. The 

three subsets covered the northern, central, and southern portions of CENRAP. AEP is 

proposing to use the southern set of the extracted MM5 data. 

The 2001 southern subset of the extracted MM5 data includes 30 files that are broken into 

10 to 11 day increments (3 files per month). The 2002 and 2003 southern subsets of 

extracted MM5 data include 12 files each of which are broken into 30 to 31 day increment 

files (1 file per month). Note that the 2001 to 2003 MM5 data extracted by Alpine 

Geophysics will not be able to be used directly in the modeling analysis. To run the Alpine 

Geophysics extracted MM data in the EPA approved CALMET program, each of the MM5 

files will need to be adjusted by appending an additional six (6) hours, at a minimum, to 

the end of each file to account for the shift in time zones from the Greenwich Mean Time 

(GMT) prepared Alpine Geophysics data to Time Zone 6 for this analysis. No change to 

the data will occur. 

The time periods covered by the data in each of the MM5 files extracted by Alpine 

Geophysics include a specific number of calendar days, where the data starts at Hour 0 in 

GMT for the first calendar day and ends at Hour 23 in GMT on the last calendar day. In 

order to run CALMET in the local standard time (LST), which is necessary since the 

surface meteorological observations are recorded in LST, there must be hours of MM5 data 

referenced in a CALMET run that match the LST observation hours. Since the LST hours 

in Central Standard Time (CST) are 6 hours behind GMT, it is necessary to adjust the data 

in each MM5 file so that the time periods covered in the files match CST. 

Based on the above discussion, the Alpine Geophysics MM5 data will not be used directly. 

Instead the data files will be modified to add 8 additional hours of data to the end of each 

file from the beginning of the subsequent file. CALMET will then be run using the 

appended MM5 data to generate a contiguous set of CALMET output files. The converted 

MM5 data files occupy approximately 1.2 terabytes (TB) of hard drive space. 

3.2.2 SURFACE METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Parameters affecting turbulent dispersion that are observed hourly at surface stations 

include wind speed and direction, temperature, cloud cover and ceiling, relative humidity, 

and precipitation type. It is AEP’s intent to use the surface stations listed in Table A-1 of 

Appendix A. The locations of the surface stations with respect to the modeling domain are 

shown in Figure 3-3. The stations were selected from the available data inventory to 

optimize spatial coverage and representation of the domain. Data from the stations will be 

processed for use in CALMET using EPA’s SMERGE program. 
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FIGURE 3-3. PLOT OF SURFACE STATION LOCATIONS

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

WIMO CACR

UPBU

HEGL

Class I Areas

Surface Stations

3.2.3 UPPER AIR METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Observations of meteorological conditions in the upper atmosphere provide a profile of 

turbulence from the surface through the depth of the boundary layer in which dispersion 

occurs. Upper air data are collected by balloons launched simultaneously across the 

observation network at 0000 Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (6 o’clock PM in Oklahoma) 

and 1200 GMT (6 o’clock AM in Oklahoma). Sensors observe pressure, wind speed and 

direction, and temperature (among other parameters) as the balloon rises through the 

atmosphere. The upper air observation network is less dense than surface observation 

points since upper air conditions vary less and are generally not as affected by local effects 

(e.g., terrain or water bodies). The upper air stations that are proposed for this analysis are 

listed in Table A-2 of Appendix A. The locations of the upper air stations with respect to 

the modeling domain are shown in Figure 3-4. These stations were selected from the 

available data inventory to optimize spatial coverage and representation of the domain. 

Data from the stations will be processed for use in CALMET using EPA’s READ62 

program. 
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FIGURE 3-4. PLOT OF UPPER AIR STATIONS LOCATIONS

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

WIMO CACR

UPBU

HEGL

Class I Areas

Upper Air Stations

3.2.4 PRECIPITATION METEOROLOGICAL DATA

The effects of chemical transformation and deposition processes on ambient pollutant 

concentrations will be considered in this analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to include 

observations of precipitation in the CALMET analysis. The precipitation stations that are 

proposed for this analysis are listed in Table A-3 of Appendix A. The locations of the 

precipitation stations with respect to the modeling domain are shown in Figure 3-5. These 

stations were selected from the available data inventory to optimize spatial coverage and 

representation of the domain. Data from the stations will be processed for use in 

CALMET using EPA’s PMERGE program. 
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FIGURE 3-5. PLOT OF PRECIPITATION METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

WIMO CACR

UPBU

HEGL

Class I Areas

Precipitation Stations

3.2.5 BUOY METEOROLOGICAL DATA

The effects of land/sea breeze on ambient pollutant concentrations will be considered in 

this analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to include observations of buoy stations in the 

CALMET analysis. The buoy stations that are proposed for this analysis are listed in Table 

A-4 of Appendix A. The locations of the buoy stations with respect to the modeling 

domain are shown in Figure 3-6. These stations were selected from the available data 

inventory to optimize spatial coverage and representation of the domain along the 

coastline. Data from the stations will be prepared by filling missing hour records with the 

CALMET missing parameter value (9999). No adjustments to the data will occur. 
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FIGURE 3-6. PLOT OF BUOY METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800

LCC Easting (km)

-1600

-1400

-1200

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

LCC Northing (km)

Northeastern Station

Comanche Station

Southwestern Station

WIMO CACR

UPBU

HEGL

Class I Areas

Buoy Stations

3.3 CALMET CONTROL PARAMETERS

A sample CALMET input file used in AEP’s modeling analysis is contained on the included CD. A 

few details of the CALMET model setup for sensitive parameters are also discussed below. 

3.3.1 VERTICAL METEOROLOGICAL PROFILE

The height of the top vertical layer will be set to 3,500 meters. This height corresponds to 

the top sounding pressure level for which upper air observation data will be relied upon. 

The vertical dimension of the domain will be divided into 12 layers with the maximum 

elevations for each layer shown in Table 3-1. The vertical dimensions are weighted 

towards the surface to resolve the mixing layer while using a somewhat coarser resolution 

for the layers aloft. 
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TABLE 3-1. VERTICAL LAYERS OF THE CALMET METEOROLOGICAL DOMAIN

Layer Elevation (m) 

1 20 

2 40 

3 60 

4 80 

5 100 

6 150 

7 200 

8 250 

9 500 

10 1000 

11 2000 

12 3500 

CALMET allows for a bias value to be applied to each of the vertical layers. The bias 

settings for each vertical layer determine the relative weight given to the vertically 

extrapolated surface and upper air wind and temperature observations. The initial guess 

fields are computed with an inverse distance weighting (1/r2

) of the surface and upper air 

data. The initial guess fields may be modified by a layer dependent bias factor. Values for 

the bias factor may range from -1 to +1. A bias of -1 eliminates upper-air observations in 

the 1/r2

 interpolations used to initialize the vertical wind fields. Conversely, a bias of +1 

eliminates the surface observations in the interpolations for this layer. Normally, bias is set 

to zero (0) for each vertical layer, such that the upper air and surface observations are given 

equal weight in the 1/r2

 interpolations. The biases for each layer of the proposed modeling 

domain will be set to zero. 

CALMET allows for vertical extrapolation of surface wind observations to layers aloft to 

be skipped if the surface station is close to the upper air station. Alternatively, CALMET 

allows data from all surface stations to be extrapolated. The CALMET parameter that 

controls this setting is IEXTRP. Setting IEXTRP to a value less than zero (0) means that 

layer 1 data from upper air soundings is ignored in any vertical extrapolations. IEXTRP 

will be set to -4 for this analysis (i.e., the similarity theory is used to extrapolate the surface 

winds into the layers aloft, which provides more information on observed local effects to 

the upper layers). 

3.3.2 INFLUENCES OF OBSERVATIONS

Step 1 wind fields will be based on an initial guess using MM5 data and refined to reflect 

terrain affects. Step 2 wind fields will adjust the Step 1 wind field by incorporating the 

influence of local observations. An inverse distance method is used to determine the 

influence of observations to the Step 1 wind field. RMAX1 and RMAX2 define the radius 

of influence for data from surface stations to land in the surface layer and data from upper 

air stations to land in the layers aloft. In general, RMAX1 and RMAX2 are used to 

exclude observations from being inappropriately included in the development of the Step 2 
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wind field if the distance from an observation station to a grid point exceeds the maximum 

radius of influence. 

If the distance from an observation station to a grid point is less than the value set for 

RMAX, the observation data will be used in the development of the Step 2 wind field. R1 

represents the distance from a surface observation station at which the surface observation 

and the Step 1 wind field are weighted equally. R2 represents the comparable distance for 

winds aloft. R1 and R2 are used to weight the observation data with respect to the MM5 

data that was used to generate the Step 1 wind field. Large values for R1 and R2 give 

more weight to the observations, where as small values give more weight to the MM5 data. 

In this BART modeling analysis, RMAX 1 will be set to 20 km, and R1 will be set to 10 

km. This will limit the influence of the surface observation data from all surface stations to 

20 km from each station, and will equally weight the MM5 and observation data at 10 km. 

RMAX2 will be set to 50 km, and R2 will be set to 25 km. This will limit the influence of 

the upper air observation data from all surface stations to 50 km from each station, and will 

equally weight the MM5 and observation data at 25 km. These settings of radius of 

influence will allow for adequate weighting of the MM5 data and the observation data 

across the modeling domain due to the vast domain to be modeled. RAMX 3 will be set to 

500 km. 
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4. CALPUFF

The CALPUFF model uses the output file from CALMET together with source, receptor, and 

chemical reaction information to predict hourly concentration impacts. AEP proposes to conduct a 

three-year CALPUFF analysis using data and model settings as described below. 

4.1 EMISSIONS SOURCE DATA

Baseline (pre-BART) emission data will be based upon CEMS data collected by AEP over the 2002-

2005 time frame. Emissions for the various emission control scenarios will be based upon control 

device performance estimates and engineering design estimates. 

4.2 RECEPTOR LOCATIONS

The National Park Service (NPS) has electronic files available on their website that include the 

discrete locations and elevations of receptors to be evaluated in Class I area analyses. These receptor 

sets will be used in the CALPUFF model. 

4.3 BACKGROUND OZONE AND AMMONIA

Background ozone concentrations are required in order to model the photochemical conversion of 

SO2 and NOX to sulfates (SO4) and nitrates (NO3). CALPUFF can use either a single background 

value representative of an area or hourly ozone data from one or more ozone monitoring stations. 

Hourly ozone data files will be used in the CALPUFF simulation. As provided by the Oklahoma 

DEQ, hourly ozone data for the Oklahoma City, Glenpool, and Lawton monitors over the 2001-2003 

timeframe will be used. In addition, the monthly value will be set to 40 ppb. This value will only be 

used by the model if there are missing hourly ozone records. Background concentrations for 

ammonia will be assumed to be temporally and spatially invariant and will be set to 3 ppb. 

4.4 CALPUFF MODEL CONTROL PARAMETERS

A sample CALPUFF input file that is proposed for the AEP refined modeling analyses is provided on 

the included CD. Please note that puff splitting is a generally accepted option in refined modeling 

analyses over large model domains for assessing impacts on Class I areas; however, this option would 

require significant computer resources and longer runtime. Due to this, AEP will evaluate the use of 

this option during the modeling analysis and provide details in the modeling report about its use. 
American Electric Power 5-1 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

5. POST PROCESSING

Hourly concentration outputs from CALPUFF will be processed through POSTUTIL and CALPOST 

to determine visibility conditions. A three-year CALPOST analysis will be conducted to determine 

the visibility change in deciview (dv) caused by AEP’s BART-eligible sources when compared to a 

natural background. 

5.1 POSTUTIL PROCESSING METHOD

In the post-processing of CALPUFF-computed concentrations of visibility-affecting pollutants, the 

POSTUTIL post-processing utility will be used to apply the ammonia limiting method (ALM) by repartitioning the distribution of HNO3 and NO3 concentrations at each Class I area as a function of the 

temperature and relative humidity during each hour. A sample POSTUTIL input file is provided on 

the included CD. 

5.2 CALPOST – LIGHT EXTINCTION ALGORITHM 

The algorithm will be used to calculate the daily light extinction attributable to AEP’s BART-eligible 

sources and light extinction attributable to a natural background. The change in deciviews based on 

the source and background light extinctions will be evaluated using the equation below. 

Δ dv = 10*ln

b b

b

ext, background ext, source

ext, background

⎡ +

⎣

⎢

⎢

⎤

⎦

⎥

⎥

EPA’s currently approved algorithm for assessing light extinction and the updated light extinction 

calculation algorithms developed by the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments 

(IMPROVE) workgroup will be used to assess BART eligibility for AEP’s Comanche, Northeastern, 

and Southwestern Power Stations. 

The background extinction coefficient bext, background is affected by various chemical species and the 

Rayleigh scattering phenomenon. The original equation for the background extinction coefficient in 

the FLM’s FLAG guidance is as follows: 

( ) ext background SO NO OC Soil Coarse ap Ray b Mm = b + b + b + b + b + b + b −

4 3

1

, 

where, 
American Electric Power 5-2 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

[ ] ( ) ( )

[ ] ( )

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

( )

( )

[ ] 3

1

3 4 3

4 2 4 4

Concentration in μg m

Relative Humidity Function

Rayleigh Scattering 10 Mm by default

10 EC

0.6 Coarse Mass

1Soil

4 OC

3 NH NO

3 NH SO

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

−

f RH

b

b

b

b

b

b f RH

b f RH

Ray

ap

Coarse

Soil

OC

NO

SO [( ) ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

Rayleigh Scattering isscattering due to air molecules

EC denotes the concentration of elemental carbon

Coarse Mass denotes the concentration of coarse dusts

Soil denotes the concentration of fine soils

OC denotes the concentration of organic carbon

NH NO denotes the ammonium nitrate concentration

NH SO denotes the ammonium sulfate concentration

4 3

4 2 4

More recently, the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) 

workgroup has proposed a more robust equation for calculating background visibility, as described in 

detail in a report entitled “Revised IMPROVE Algorithm for Estimating Light Extinction from 

Particle Speciation Data.”1

 The updated algorithm, which has been approved by the IMPROVE 

Steering Committee and is currently undergoing peer review, provides a more refined calculation by 

including visibility impairment due to the following processes: 

▲ Visibility impairment due to different sizes of sulfates, nitrates, and organic carbon 

▲ Visibility impairment due to sea salt particles 

▲ Distinct water growth curves (i.e., f(RH)) for small sulfates and nitrates, large 

sulfates and nitrates, and sea salt 

▲ Elevation-dependent (hence Class I area dependent) Rayleigh scattering coefficient 

▲ Visibility impairment due to gaseous nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 

The revised IMPROVE light extinction algorithm takes the following form: 

bext =

( )[ ] ( ) ( )[ ( ) ]

( )[ ] ( )[ ]

[ ] [ ] [ ][ ] [ ]

( )[ ] [] Site specificRayleigh Scattering 2

Small Large

4 3 Small 4 3 Large

4 4 2 Small 4 4 2 Large

1.4 Sea Salt 0.33 NO

2.8 OC 6.1 OC 10 EC 1 PMF 0.6 PMC

2.4 NH NO 5.1 NH NO

2.2 NH SO 4.8 NH SO

+ +

+ + + + +

+ +

+ +

− f RH b

f RH f RH

f RH f RH

SS

S L

S L

For the purposes of calculating the natural background visibility at Class I areas in this BART 

modeling analysis, AEP will assess the use of the revised IMPROVE algorithm for the BART 

Determination Modeling. Values for the parameters listed above specific to the natural background 

conditions at the Class I areas will be obtained on an annual average basis in the U.S. EPA’s 

Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions under the Regional Haze Rule.

2

 More detailed 

information about the natural background conditions particular to Class I areas potentially affected by 

AEP’s operations at the individual generating stations and implementation of the revised IMPROVE 

equation will be provided in the BART Modeling Report. 

 1

 http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/IMPROVE/Publications/GrayLit/gray_literature.htm. 2

 U.S. EPA, Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule, Table 2-1, 

Attachment A, September 2003, EPA-454/B-03-005. 
American Electric Power 5-3 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Particulate species that affect visibility are emitted from anthropogenic sources and include coarse 

particulate matter (PMC), fine particulate matter (PMF), and elemental carbon (EC), as well as 

precursors to secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and fine particulate matter such as SO2 and NOX. 

The extinction coefficient due to emissions of visibility-affecting pollutants from a single BARTeligible source bext,source is calculated using an air quality model. The extinction due to the BARTeligible source was calculated as shown in the following equation. 

( ) bext source Mm = bSO + bNO + bPMC + bPMF + bSOA + bEC

−

4 3

1

, where, 

[( ) ] ( )

[ ] ( )

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

( )

[ ] 3

4 3 3

4 2 4 4

Concentration in μg m

Relative Humidity Function

10 EC

0.6 PMC

1 PMF

4 SOA

3 NH NO

3 NH SO

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

f RH

b

b

b

b

b f RH

b f RH

EC

PMC

PMF

SOA

NO

SO [( ) ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ] EC denotes the concentration of elemental carbon

PMC denotes the concentration of coarse PM

PMF denotes the concentration of fine PM

SOA denotes the concentration of secondary organic aerosols

NH NO denotes the ammonium nitrate concentration

NH SO denotes the ammonium sulfate concentration

4 3

4 2 4

5.3 CALPOST PROCESSING METHOD

CALPOST Method 6, which calculates hourly light extinction impacts for the source and background 

using monthly average relative humidity adjustment factors will be used in the refined BART 

analysis. Monthly Class I area-specific relative humidity adjustment factors based on the centroid of 

the Class I areas as included in Table A-3 of EPA’s Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility 

Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program will be used. The factors for the Class I areas listed to 

be evaluated in the analysis are provided in Table 4-1. 

TABLE 5-1. MONTHLY HUMIDITY FACTORS

Class I Area Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Caney Creek 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 

Hercules-Glades 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.3 

Upper Buffalo 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.3 

Wichita Mountains 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.4 3.0 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.8 

5.4 NATURAL BACKGROUND

EPA’s default average annual aerosol concentrations for the U.S. that are included in Table 2-1 of 

EPA’s Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program will 

be used. The annual average concentrations are provided in Table 4-2. 
American Electric Power 5-4 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

TABLE 5-2. DEFAULT AVERAGE ANNUAL NATURAL BACKGROUND LEVELS

Class I Area Region SO4 NO3 OC EC Soil Coarse Mass

Caney Creek EAST 0.23 0.10 1.40 0.02 0.50 3.00 

Hercules-Glades EAST 0.23 0.10 1.40 0.02 0.50 3.00 

Upper Buffalo EAST 0.23 0.10 1.40 0.02 0.50 3.00 

Wichita Mountains WEST 0.12 0.10 0.47 0.02 0.50 3.00 

5.5 EVALUATING VISIBILITY RESULTS

When evaluating cost-control effectiveness of the various control scenarios, AEP will examine the 

98th percentile of the 2001-2003 daily Δdv values output by CALPOST. 

5.6 SUMMARY OF CALPOST CONTROL PARAMETERS

A sample CALPOST input file that AEP is proposing for the modeling analysis is contained on the 

included CD. 
American Electric Power A-1 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

APPENDIX A- METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

TABLE A-1. LIST OF SURFACE METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC North

(km) Long Lat 

1 KDYS 69019 -267.672 -834.095 96.9968 39.9925 

2 KNPA 72222 932.565 -1020.909 97.0110 39.9908 

3 KBFM 72223 857.471 -996.829 97.0101 39.9910 

4 KGZH 72227 946.767 -899.515 97.0112 39.9919 

5 KTCL 72228 870.843 -706.104 97.0103 39.9936 

6 KNEW 53917 674.172 -1078.342 97.0080 39.9903 

7 KNBG 12958 677.719 -1104.227 97.0080 39.9900 

8 BVE 12884 741.996 -1153.463 97.0088 39.9896 

9 KPTN 72232 550.88 -1124.295 97.0065 39.9898 

10 KMEI 13865 774.911 -814.225 97.0092 39.9926 

11 KPIB 72234 728.416 -915.165 97.0086 39.9917 

12 KGLH 72235 557.072 -703.097 97.0066 39.9936 

13 KHEZ 11111 540.777 -912.22 97.0064 39.9918 

14 KMCB 11112 622.755 -949.618 97.0074 39.9914 

15 KGWO 11113 640.102 -695.286 97.0076 39.9937 

16 KASD 72236 692.381 -1043.261 97.0082 39.9906 

17 KPOE 72239 363.294 -984.839 97.0043 39.9911 

18 KBAZ 72241 -102.133 -1140.886 96.9988 39.9897 

19 KGLS 72242 215.108 -1185.604 97.0025 39.9893 

20 KDWH 11114 140.413 -1101.174 97.0017 39.9900 

21 KIAH 12960 158.266 -1108.37 97.0019 39.9900 

22 KHOU 72243 167.147 -1147.402 97.0020 39.9896 

23 KEFD 12906 178.551 -1152.782 97.0021 39.9896 

24 KCXO 72244 152.739 -1069.309 97.0018 39.9903 

25 KCLL 11115 60.898 -1044.381 97.0007 39.9906 

26 KLFK 93987 214.643 -969.355 97.0025 39.9912 

27 KUTS 11116 136.056 -1026.773 97.0016 39.9907 

28 KTYR 11117 150.451 -846.207 97.0018 39.9924 

29 KCRS 72246 56.655 -882.642 97.0007 39.9920 

30 KGGG 72247 214.572 -841.163 97.0025 39.9924 

31 KGKY 11118 -9.365 -812.25 96.9999 39.9927 

32 KDTN 72248 304.827 -821.713 97.0036 39.9926 

33 KBAD 11119 312.743 -825.101 97.0037 39.9925 

34 KMLU 11120 465.834 -816.211 97.0055 39.9926 

35 KTVR 11121 561.446 -840.225 97.0066 39.9924 

36 KTRL 11122 68.599 -806.417 97.0008 39.9927 

37 KOCH 72249 216.81 -930.252 97.0026 39.9916 

38 KBRO 12919 -44.167 -1571.387 96.9995 39.9858 

39 KALI 72251 -103.012 -1363.74 96.9988 39.9877 
American Electric Power A-2 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC North

(km) Long Lat 

40 KLRD 12920 -246.548 -1381.603 96.9971 39.9875 

41 KSSF 72252 -143.386 -1183.35 96.9983 39.9893 

42 KRKP 11123 -4.965 -1324.914 96.9999 39.9880 

43 KCOT 11124 -219.097 -1280.964 96.9974 39.9884 

44 KLBX 11125 150.245 -1207.466 97.0018 39.9891 

45 KSAT 12921 -143.024 -1160.935 96.9983 39.9895 

46 KHDO 12962 -211.702 -1178.172 96.9975 39.9894 

47 KSKF 72253 -154.625 -1177.555 96.9982 39.9894 

48 KHYI 11126 -84.156 -1122.487 96.9990 39.9899 

49 KTKI 72254 38.788 -754.791 97.0005 39.9932 

50 KBMQ 11127 -118.39 -1027.031 96.9986 39.9907 

51 KATT 11128 -67.587 -1075.97 96.9992 39.9903 

52 KSGR 11129 131.478 -1151.702 97.0016 39.9896 

53 KGTU 11130 -65.624 -1033.173 96.9992 39.9907 

54 KVCT 12912 6.587 -1236.788 97.0001 39.9888 

55 KPSX 72255 73.878 -1253.33 97.0009 39.9887 

56 KACT 13959 -22.12 -929.156 96.9997 39.9916 

57 KPWG 72256 -30.147 -944.073 96.9996 39.9915 

58 KILE 72257 -65.288 -988.507 96.9992 39.9911 

59 KGRK 11131 -79.643 -990.173 96.9991 39.9911 

60 KTPL 11132 -38.203 -981.19 96.9996 39.9911 

61 KPRX 13960 143.317 -703.663 97.0017 39.9936 

62 KDTO 72258 -17.018 -752.974 96.9998 39.9932 

63 KAFW 11133 -29.564 -777.061 96.9997 39.9930 

64 KFTW 72259 -34.302 -795.502 96.9996 39.9928 

65 KMWL 11134 -99.769 -798.767 96.9988 39.9928 

66 KRBD 11135 12.453 -810.467 97.0002 39.9927 

67 KDRT 11136 -384.069 -1170.59 96.9955 39.9894 

68 KFST 22010 -566.418 -988.838 96.9933 39.9911 

69 KGDP 72261 -739.127 -873.302 96.9913 39.9921 

70 KSJT 72262 -333.338 -952.54 96.9961 39.9914 

71 KMRF 23034 -676.265 -1042.616 96.9920 39.9906 

72 KMAF 72264 -489.668 -878.107 96.9942 39.9921 

73 KINK 23023 -586.882 -890.654 96.9931 39.9920 

74 KABI 72265 -252.044 -836.353 96.9970 39.9924 

75 KLBB 13962 -445.006 -689.313 96.9948 39.9938 

76 KATS 11137 -696.818 -763.258 96.9918 39.9931 

77 KCQC 11138 -785.757 -515.724 96.9907 39.9953 

78 KROW 23009 -698.822 -712.898 96.9918 39.9936 

79 KSRR 72268 -789.593 -686.226 96.9907 39.9938 

80 KCNM 11139 -682.79 -822.109 96.9919 39.9926 

81 KALM 36870 -838.056 -752.338 96.9901 39.9932 

82 KLRU 72269 -931.527 -804.112 96.9890 39.9927 

83 KTCS 72271 -952.353 -695.469 96.9888 39.9937 

84 KSVC 93063 -1042.03 -752.033 96.9877 39.9932 
American Electric Power A-3 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC North

(km) Long Lat 

85 KDMN 72272 -1006.77 -799.231 96.9881 39.9928 

86 KMSL 72323 854.846 -536.687 97.0101 39.9952 

87 KPOF 72330 578.62 -336.733 97.0068 39.9970 

88 KGTR 11140 779.065 -689.108 97.0092 39.9938 

89 KTUP 93862 753.875 -600.337 97.0089 39.9946 

90 KMKL 72334 727.051 -454.383 97.0086 39.9959 

91 KLRF 72340 440.654 -550.661 97.0052 39.9950 

92 KHKA 11141 643.365 -424.419 97.0076 39.9962 

93 KHOT 72341 358.094 -604.603 97.0042 39.9945 

94 KTXK 11142 278.022 -720.623 97.0033 39.9935 

95 KLLQ 72342 488.655 -698.008 97.0058 39.9937 

96 KMWT 72343 254.18 -599.224 97.0030 39.9946 

97 KFSM 13964 237.97 -512.87 97.0028 39.9954 

98 KSLG 72344 224.881 -419.064 97.0027 39.9962 

99 KVBT 11143 248.074 -399.892 97.0029 39.9964 

100 KHRO 11144 343.525 -405.601 97.0041 39.9963 

101 KFLP 11145 404.239 -399.142 97.0048 39.9964 

102 KBVX 11146 480.712 -457.853 97.0057 39.9959 

103 KROG 11147 258.44 -397.685 97.0031 39.9964 

104 KSPS 13966 -138.053 -664.886 96.9984 39.9940 

105 KHBR 72352 -186.121 -551.123 96.9978 39.9950 

106 KCSM 11148 -198.844 -513.911 96.9977 39.9954 

107 KFDR 11149 -181.653 -625.205 96.9979 39.9944 

108 KGOK 72353 -35.905 -458.97 96.9996 39.9959 

109 KTIK 72354 -34.581 -506.938 96.9996 39.9954 

110 KPWA 11150 -58.596 -493.951 96.9993 39.9955 

111 KSWO 11151 -7.42 -425.828 96.9999 39.9962 

112 KMKO 72355 146.972 -479.879 97.0017 39.9957 

113 KRVS 72356 91.059 -438.276 97.0011 39.9960 

114 KBVO 11152 87.136 -357.069 97.0010 39.9968 

115 KMLC 11153 110.647 -563.566 97.0013 39.9949 

116 KOUN 72357 -40.731 -527.298 96.9995 39.9952 

117 KLAW 11154 -129.405 -600.222 96.9985 39.9946 

118 KCDS 72360 -300.297 -610.668 96.9965 39.9945 

119 KGNT 72362 -985.117 -475.563 96.9884 39.9957 

120 KGUP 11155 -1059.48 -427.151 96.9875 39.9961 

121 KAMA 23047 -425.319 -518.171 96.9950 39.9953 

122 KBGD 72363 -395.603 -466.083 96.9953 39.9958 

123 KFMN 72365 -993.449 -297.944 96.9883 39.9973 

124 KSKX 72366 -770.464 -355.855 96.9909 39.9968 

125 KTCC 23048 -597.271 -511.241 96.9930 39.9954 

126 KLVS 23054 -732.565 -448.329 96.9914 39.9960 

127 KEHR 72423 812.573 -199.695 97.0096 39.9982 

128 KEVV 93817 822.929 -172.715 97.0097 39.9984 

129 KMVN 72433 704.666 -154.54 97.0083 39.9986 
American Electric Power A-4 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC North

(km) Long Lat 

130 KMDH 11156 676.745 -218.041 97.0080 39.9980 

131 KBLV 11157 617.659 -136.018 97.0073 39.9988 

132 KSUS 3966 547.898 -130.122 97.0065 39.9988 

133 KPAH 3816 725.985 -293.319 97.0086 39.9974 

134 KJEF 72445 419.01 -145.496 97.0050 39.9987 

135 KAIZ 11158 387.096 -200.609 97.0046 39.9982 

136 KIXD 72447 182.322 -126.913 97.0022 39.9989 

137 KWLD 72450 0 -298.57 97.0000 39.9973 

138 KAAO 11159 -18.976 -248.773 96.9998 39.9978 

139 KIAB 11160 -23.392 -263.471 96.9997 39.9976 

140 KEWK 11161 -24.645 -215.58 96.9997 39.9981 

141 KGBD 72451 -161.892 -180.781 96.9981 39.9984 

142 KHYS 11162 -195.191 -124.723 96.9977 39.9989 

143 KCFV 11163 126.442 -319.698 97.0015 39.9971 

144 KFOE 72456 114.618 -115.26 97.0014 39.9990 

145 KEHA 72460 -432.761 -320.089 96.9949 39.9971 

146 KALS 72462 -777.592 -245.892 96.9908 39.9978 

147 KDRO 11164 -945.713 -259.163 96.9888 39.9977 

148 KLHX 72463 -568.426 -195.178 96.9933 39.9982 

149 KSPD 2128 -494.076 -285.176 96.9942 39.9974 

150 KCOS 93037 -664.022 -102.596 96.9922 39.9991 

151 KGUC 72467 -857.452 -115.301 96.9899 39.9990 

152 KMTJ 93013 -940.981 -109.358 96.9889 39.9990 

153 KCEZ 72476 -1020.87 -233.14 96.9880 39.9979 

154 KCPS 72531 591.652 -136.14 97.0070 39.9988 

155 KLWV 72534 808.939 -94.46 97.0096 39.9992 

156 KPPF 74543 130.433 -293.855 97.0015 39.9973 

157 KHOP 74671 841.751 -324.569 97.0099 39.9971 

158 KBIX 74768 778.252 -1028.514 97.0092 39.9907 

159 KPQL 11165 814.599 -1019.583 97.0096 39.9908 

160 MMPG 76243 -348.007 -1248.779 96.9959 39.9887 

161 MMMV 76342 -446.576 -1449.334 96.9947 39.9869 

162 MMMY 76394 -316.664 -1581.176 96.9963 39.9857 
American Electric Power A-5 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

TABLE A-2. LIST OF UPPER AIR METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

1 KABQ 23050 -869.46 -501.713 96.9897 39.9955 

2 KAMA 23047 -425.319 -518.171 96.9950 39.9953 

3 KBMX 53823 951.609 -702.935 97.0112 39.9936 

4 KBNA 13897 920.739 -377.164 97.0109 39.9966 

5 KBRO 12919 -44.167 -1571.39 96.9995 39.9858 

6 KCRP 12924 -51.535 -1360.35 96.9994 39.9877 

7 KDDC 13985 -259.352 -242.681 96.9969 39.9978 

8 KDRT 22010 -384.069 -1170.59 96.9955 39.9894 

9 KEPZ 3020 -914.558 -852.552 96.9892 39.9923 

10 KFWD 3990 -28.034 -793.745 96.9997 39.9928 

11 KJAN 3940 650.105 -826.452 97.0077 39.9925 

12 KLCH 3937 364.461 -1089.15 97.0043 39.9902 

13 KLZK 3952 432.063 -560.441 97.0051 39.9949 

14 KMAF 23023 -489.668 -878.107 96.9942 39.9921 

15 KOUN 3948 -40.731 -527.298 96.9995 39.9952 

16 KSHV 13957 298.869 -831.166 97.0035 39.9925 

17 KSIL 53813 698.079 -1054.03 97.0082 39.9905 
American Electric Power A-6 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

TABLE A-3. LIST OF PRECIPITATION METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

1 ADDI 10063 906.825 -601.428 97.0107 39.9946 

2 ALBE 10140 917.606 -821.64 97.0108 39.9926 

3 BERR 10748 892.454 -683.388 97.0105 39.9938 

4 HALE 13620 881.928 -601.878 97.0104 39.9946 

5 HAMT 13645 863.663 -612.725 97.0102 39.9945 

6 JACK 14193 898.014 -915.623 97.0106 39.9917 

7 MBLE 15478 851.953 -1022.41 97.0101 39.9908 

8 MUSC 15749 880.113 -567.484 97.0104 39.9949 

9 PETE 16370 935.558 -908.259 97.0110 39.9918 

10 THOM 18178 900.858 -915.326 97.0106 39.9917 

11 TUSC 18385 895.631 -713.223 97.0106 39.9936 

12 VERN 18517 825.585 -685.773 97.0098 39.9938 

13 BEEB 30530 462.394 -532.485 97.0055 39.9952 

14 BRIG 30900 318.015 -554.857 97.0038 39.9950 

15 CALI 31140 419.619 -731.44 97.0050 39.9934 

16 CAMD 31152 386.546 -699.659 97.0046 39.9937 

17 DIER 32020 268.114 -643.184 97.0032 39.9942 

18 EURE 32356 286.738 -390.862 97.0034 39.9965 

19 GILB 32794 383.362 -435.625 97.0045 39.9961 

20 GREE 32978 450.594 -483.201 97.0053 39.9956 

21 STUT 36920 509.943 -596.328 97.0060 39.9946 

22 TEXA 37048 278.022 -720.623 97.0033 39.9935 

23 ALAM 50130 -749.044 -267.856 96.9912 39.9976 

24 ARAP 50304 -441.903 -152.324 96.9948 39.9986 

25 COCH 51713 -819.794 -148.582 96.9903 39.9987 

26 CRES 51959 -828.107 -119.911 96.9902 39.9989 

27 GRAN 53477 -451.781 -203.82 96.9947 39.9982 

28 GUNN 53662 -829.573 -141.995 96.9902 39.9987 

29 HUGO 54172 -539.364 -81.948 96.9936 39.9993 

30 JOHN 54388 -483.95 -201.915 96.9943 39.9982 

31 KIM 54538 -544.501 -283.337 96.9936 39.9974 

32 MESA 55531 -993.391 -256.696 96.9883 39.9977 

33 ORDW 56136 -549.552 -55.741 96.9935 39.9995 

34 OURA 56203 -904.197 -168.246 96.9893 39.9985 

35 PLEA 56591 -1005.94 -229.472 96.9881 39.9979 

36 PUEB 56740 -633.961 -176.872 96.9925 39.9984 

37 TYE 57320 -662.095 -242.254 96.9922 39.9978 

38 SAGU 57337 -790.269 -176.061 96.9907 39.9984 
American Electric Power A-7 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

39 SANL 57428 -726.777 -285.47 96.9914 39.9974 

40 SHEP 57572 -714.046 -252.189 96.9916 39.9977 

41 TELL 58204 -920.205 -215.382 96.9891 39.9981 

42 TERC 58220 -708.229 -296.023 96.9916 39.9973 

43 TRIN 58429 -642.489 -293.805 96.9924 39.9973 

44 TRLK 58436 -646.185 -295.727 96.9924 39.9973 

45 WALS 58781 -654.989 -262.821 96.9923 39.9976 

46 WHIT 58997 -619.615 -250.12 96.9927 39.9977 

47 ASHL 110281 684.787 -169.285 97.0081 39.9985 

48 CAIR 111166 697.177 -301.436 97.0082 39.9973 

49 CARM 111302 772.938 -177.782 97.0091 39.9984 

50 CISN 111664 758.146 -151.446 97.0090 39.9986 

51 FLOR 113109 751.801 -139.837 97.0089 39.9987 

52 HARR 113879 762.044 -246.62 97.0090 39.9978 

53 KASK 114629 650.464 -239.886 97.0077 39.9978 

54 LAWR 114957 829.038 -128.708 97.0098 39.9988 

55 MTCA 115888 827.797 -149.966 97.0098 39.9986 

56 MURP 115983 682.261 -251.649 97.0081 39.9977 

57 NEWT 116159 766.098 -72.902 97.0090 39.9993 

58 REND 117187 731.633 -185.058 97.0086 39.9983 

59 SMIT 118020 770.027 -283.638 97.0091 39.9974 

60 SPAR 118147 658.275 -185.973 97.0078 39.9983 

61 VAND 118781 685.449 -127.048 97.0081 39.9989 

62 WEST 119193 778.655 -147.215 97.0092 39.9987 

63 EVAN 122738 842.476 -172.871 97.0100 39.9984 

64 NEWB 126151 855.854 -223.713 97.0101 39.9980 

65 PRIN 127125 836.901 -153.449 97.0099 39.9986 

66 STEN 128442 859.099 -156.613 97.0101 39.9986 

67 JTML 128967 788.703 -239.572 97.0093 39.9978 

68 ARLI 140326 -101.734 -271.373 96.9988 39.9976 

69 BAZI 140620 -210.423 -201.758 96.9975 39.9982 

70 BEAU 140637 59.762 -288.39 97.0007 39.9974 

71 BONN 140957 211.236 -103.29 97.0025 39.9991 

72 CALD 141233 -32.689 -330.586 96.9996 39.9970 

73 CASS 141351 54.006 -217.645 97.0006 39.9980 

74 CENT 141404 170.503 -206.038 97.0020 39.9981 

75 CHAN 141427 150.257 -286.094 97.0018 39.9974 

76 CLIN 141612 155.623 -157.682 97.0018 39.9986 

77 COLL 141730 -265.465 -156.95 96.9969 39.9986 

78 COLU 141740 220.541 -316.555 97.0026 39.9971 
American Electric Power A-8 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

79 CONC 141867 58.918 -175.589 97.0007 39.9984 

80 DODG 142164 -226.497 -277.655 96.9973 39.9975 

81 ELKH 142432 -400.112 -321.784 96.9953 39.9971 

82 ENGL 142560 -264.927 -324.066 96.9969 39.9971 

83 ERIE 142582 162.669 -291.383 97.0019 39.9974 

84 FALL 142686 83.491 -288.177 97.0010 39.9974 

85 GALA 142938 -136.931 -176.83 96.9984 39.9984 

86 GARD 142980 -304.059 -215.308 96.9964 39.9981 

87 GREN 143248 64.308 -307.161 97.0008 39.9972 

88 HAYS 143527 -190.307 -161.342 96.9978 39.9985 

89 HEAL 143554 -292.133 -175.921 96.9966 39.9984 

90 HILL 143686 214.018 -174.006 97.0025 39.9984 

91 INDE 143954 139.335 -315.058 97.0016 39.9972 

92 IOLA 143984 153.451 -269.438 97.0018 39.9976 

93 JOHR 144104 134.784 -203.41 97.0016 39.9982 

94 KANO 144178 -50.289 -181.177 96.9994 39.9984 

95 KIOW 144341 -113.967 -329.843 96.9987 39.9970 

96 MARI 145039 -4.343 -195.712 97.0000 39.9982 

97 MELV 145210 137.104 -186.781 97.0016 39.9983 

98 MILF 145306 39.504 -106.05 97.0005 39.9990 

99 MOUD 145536 152.624 -318.136 97.0018 39.9971 

100 OAKL 145888 -306.378 -96.814 96.9964 39.9991 

101 OTTA 146128 158.639 -178.635 97.0019 39.9984 

102 POMO 146498 143.864 -176.707 97.0017 39.9984 

103 SALI 147160 -29.426 -166.908 96.9997 39.9985 

104 SMOL 147551 -34.639 -171.31 96.9996 39.9985 

105 STAN 147756 225.026 -164.85 97.0027 39.9985 

106 SUBL 147922 -303.514 -292.808 96.9964 39.9974 

107 TOPE 148167 139.116 -104.91 97.0016 39.9991 

108 TRIB 148235 -387.855 -180.643 96.9954 39.9984 

109 UNIO 148293 211.43 -272.537 97.0025 39.9975 

110 WALL 148535 -376.076 -152.432 96.9956 39.9986 

111 WICH 148830 -23.729 -288.579 96.9997 39.9974 

112 WILS 148946 -111.502 -156.22 96.9987 39.9986 

113 BENT 150611 781.608 -348.109 97.0092 39.9969 

114 CALH 151227 865.268 -261.635 97.0102 39.9976 

115 CLTN 151631 749.287 -365.634 97.0088 39.9967 

116 HERN 153798 859.01 -352.458 97.0101 39.9968 

117 MADI 155067 854.116 -265.064 97.0101 39.9976 

118 PADU 156110 753.185 -293.024 97.0089 39.9974 
American Electric Power A-9 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

119 PCTN 156580 834.464 -280.496 97.0099 39.9975 

120 ALEX 160103 433.824 -959.253 97.0051 39.9913 

121 BATN 160549 562.794 -1032.4 97.0066 39.9907 

122 CALH 161411 436.113 -817.451 97.0052 39.9926 

123 CLNT 161899 578.969 -999.986 97.0068 39.9910 

124 JENA 164696 455.225 -912.366 97.0054 39.9918 

125 LACM 165078 364.784 -1089.92 97.0043 39.9901 

126 MIND 166244 346.708 -812.651 97.0041 39.9927 

127 MONR 166314 463.225 -814.905 97.0055 39.9926 

128 NATC 166582 369.451 -905.316 97.0044 39.9918 

129 SHRE 168440 299.526 -831.143 97.0035 39.9925 

130 WINN 169803 408.309 -884.596 97.0048 39.9920 

131 BROK 221094 621.827 -914.236 97.0073 39.9917 

132 CONE 221900 737.007 -823.513 97.0087 39.9926 

133 JAKS 224472 650.361 -826.097 97.0077 39.9925 

134 LEAK 224966 805.886 -943.78 97.0095 39.9915 

135 MERI 225776 774.942 -814.558 97.0092 39.9926 

136 SARD 227815 658.33 -593.661 97.0078 39.9946 

137 SAUC 227840 763.399 -1005.93 97.0090 39.9909 

138 TUPE 229003 753.571 -600.03 97.0089 39.9946 

139 ADVA 230022 657.892 -298.102 97.0078 39.9973 

140 ALEY 230088 505.348 -305.864 97.0060 39.9972 

141 BOLI 230789 331.651 -291.689 97.0039 39.9974 

142 CASV 231383 310.855 -392.187 97.0037 39.9965 

143 CLER 231674 575.868 -302.209 97.0068 39.9973 

144 CLTT 231711 307.465 -190.83 97.0036 39.9983 

145 COLU 231791 421.287 -155.672 97.0050 39.9986 

146 DREX 232331 228.23 -185.776 97.0027 39.9983 

147 ELM 232568 257.758 -159.419 97.0030 39.9986 

148 FULT 233079 470.408 -150.668 97.0056 39.9986 

149 HOME 233999 619.93 -415.469 97.0073 39.9962 

150 JEFF 234271 424.774 -172.095 97.0050 39.9984 

151 JOPL 234315 238.245 -318.262 97.0028 39.9971 

152 LEBA 234825 402.239 -276.263 97.0048 39.9975 

153 LICK 234919 480.849 -280.775 97.0057 39.9975 

154 LOCK 235027 302.048 -300.612 97.0036 39.9973 

155 MALD 235207 659.982 -377.876 97.0078 39.9966 

156 MARS 235298 332.062 -94.655 97.0039 39.9991 

157 MAFD 235307 391.968 -300.033 97.0046 39.9973 

158 MCES 235415 471.737 -143.942 97.0056 39.9987 
American Electric Power A-10 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

159 MILL 235594 309.516 -311.398 97.0037 39.9972 

160 MTGV 235834 426.937 -310.43 97.0050 39.9972 

161 NVAD 235987 243.915 -272.715 97.0029 39.9975 

162 OZRK 236460 349.133 -390.626 97.0041 39.9965 

163 PDTD 236777 334.055 -265.018 97.0039 39.9976 

164 POTO 236826 572.215 -251.455 97.0068 39.9977 

165 ROLL 237263 484.503 -253.958 97.0057 39.9977 

166 ROSE 237300 500.59 -175.393 97.0059 39.9984 

167 SALE 237506 498.94 -274.122 97.0059 39.9975 

168 SENE 237656 233.959 -383.703 97.0028 39.9965 

169 SPRC 237967 238.112 -373.616 97.0028 39.9966 

170 SPVL 237976 332.385 -309.374 97.0039 39.9972 

171 STEE 238043 503.354 -205.135 97.0059 39.9981 

172 STOK 238082 310.911 -279.239 97.0037 39.9975 

173 SWSP 238223 324.053 -150.325 97.0038 39.9986 

174 TRKD 238252 340.418 -395.428 97.0040 39.9964 

175 TRUM 238466 326.883 -197.796 97.0039 39.9982 

176 UNIT 238524 238.567 -154.494 97.0028 39.9986 

177 VIBU 238609 519.633 -267.258 97.0061 39.9976 

178 VIEN 238620 470.383 -193.872 97.0056 39.9983 

179 WAPP 238700 606.68 -358.746 97.0072 39.9968 

180 WASG 238746 556.425 -164.993 97.0066 39.9985 

181 WEST 238880 489.373 -377.809 97.0058 39.9966 

182 ALBU 290234 -869.46 -501.713 96.9897 39.9955 

183 ARTE 290600 -689.529 -773.897 96.9919 39.9930 

184 AUGU 290640 -973.07 -598.391 96.9885 39.9946 

185 CARL 291469 -680.335 -811.474 96.9920 39.9927 

186 CARR 291515 -819.836 -665.132 96.9903 39.9940 

187 CLAY 291887 -547.124 -374.102 96.9935 39.9966 

188 CLOV 291939 -566.973 -599.296 96.9933 39.9946 

189 CUBA 292241 -890.304 -392.495 96.9895 39.9965 

190 CUBE 292250 -951.142 -489.293 96.9888 39.9956 

191 DEMI 292436 -1007.99 -799.087 96.9881 39.9928 

192 DURA 292665 -767.148 -577.618 96.9909 39.9948 

193 EANT 292700 -735.089 -366.94 96.9913 39.9967 

194 LAVG 294862 -738.245 -461.163 96.9913 39.9958 

195 PROG 297094 -811.39 -578.971 96.9904 39.9948 

196 RAMO 297254 -733.737 -615.175 96.9913 39.9944 

197 ROSW 297610 -698.544 -712.921 96.9918 39.9936 

198 ROY 297638 -644.735 -422.422 96.9924 39.9962 
American Electric Power A-11 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

199 SANT 298085 -807.375 -445.708 96.9905 39.9960 

200 SPRI 298501 -676.681 -374.272 96.9920 39.9966 

201 STAY 298518 -810.491 -495.501 96.9904 39.9955 

202 TNMN 299031 -912.488 -413.425 96.9892 39.9963 

203 TUCU 299156 -604.359 -508.834 96.9929 39.9954 

204 WAST 299569 -638.605 -820.288 96.9925 39.9926 

205 WISD 299686 -856.967 -756.366 96.9899 39.9932 

206 AIRS 340179 -212.731 -597.062 96.9975 39.9946 

207 ARDM 340292 -12.242 -645.633 96.9999 39.9942 

208 BENG 340670 174.368 -568.011 97.0021 39.9949 

209 CANE 341437 71.857 -637.935 97.0009 39.9942 

210 CHRT 341544 203.233 -632.067 97.0024 39.9943 

211 CHAN 341684 10.494 -475.655 97.0001 39.9957 

212 CHIK 341750 -83.175 -547.26 96.9990 39.9951 

213 CCTY 342334 -165 -479.536 96.9981 39.9957 

214 DUNC 342654 -88.38 -610.04 96.9990 39.9945 

215 ELKC 342849 -216.769 -507.879 96.9974 39.9954 

216 FORT 343281 -129.964 -541.113 96.9985 39.9951 

217 GEAR 343497 -118.53 -482.187 96.9986 39.9956 

218 HENN 344052 -31.964 -601.206 96.9996 39.9946 

219 HOBA 344202 -189.062 -547.36 96.9978 39.9951 

220 KING 344865 24.538 -664.103 97.0003 39.9940 

221 LKEU 344975 141.702 -520.6 97.0017 39.9953 

222 LEHI 345108 71.634 -612.05 97.0009 39.9945 

223 MACI 345463 -254.63 -466.154 96.9970 39.9958 

224 MALL 345589 -55.127 -425.644 96.9994 39.9962 

225 MAYF 345648 -258.49 -512.583 96.9970 39.9954 

226 MUSK 346130 149.764 -466.905 97.0018 39.9958 

227 NOWA 346485 121.551 -364.038 97.0014 39.9967 

228 OKAR 346620 -88.424 -473.338 96.9990 39.9957 

229 OKEM 346638 63.188 -504.958 97.0008 39.9954 

230 OKLA 346661 -54.198 -510.562 96.9994 39.9954 

231 PAOL 346859 -23.665 -573.142 96.9997 39.9948 

232 PAWH 346935 57.704 -369.174 97.0007 39.9967 

233 PAWN 346944 16.927 -398.139 97.0002 39.9964 

234 PONC 347196 -8.871 -363.068 96.9999 39.9967 

235 PRYO 347309 150.763 -407.824 97.0018 39.9963 

236 SHAT 348101 -256.963 -407.368 96.9970 39.9963 

237 STIG 348497 171.02 -523.736 97.0020 39.9953 

238 TULS 348992 99.361 -419.873 97.0012 39.9962 
American Electric Power A-12 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

239 TUSK 349023 156.629 -592.395 97.0019 39.9946 

240 WMWR 349629 -156.42 -581.308 96.9982 39.9947 

241 WOLF 349748 30.212 -538.388 97.0004 39.9951 

242 BOLI 400876 760.886 -500.256 97.0090 39.9955 

243 BROW 401150 710.048 -480.346 97.0084 39.9957 

244 CETR 401587 877.35 -456.294 97.0104 39.9959 

245 DICS 402489 872.14 -391.132 97.0103 39.9965 

246 DYER 402680 695.792 -409.316 97.0082 39.9963 

247 GRNF 403697 760.795 -395.69 97.0090 39.9964 

248 JSNN 404561 765.932 -476.414 97.0090 39.9957 

249 LWER 405089 885.291 -487.757 97.0105 39.9956 

250 LEXI 405210 790.003 -471.897 97.0093 39.9957 

251 MASO 405720 694.163 -496.166 97.0082 39.9955 

252 MEMP 405954 671.8 -522.492 97.0079 39.9953 

253 MWFO 405956 681.292 -516.15 97.0080 39.9953 

254 MUNF 406358 678.65 -495.241 97.0080 39.9955 

255 SAMB 408065 697.077 -382.536 97.0082 39.9965 

256 SAVA 408108 800.788 -498.682 97.0095 39.9955 

257 UNCY 409219 711.595 -384.605 97.0084 39.9965 

258 ABIL 410016 -251.753 -836.027 96.9970 39.9924 

259 AMAR 410211 -425.302 -517.839 96.9950 39.9953 

260 AUST 410428 -67.587 -1075.97 96.9992 39.9903 

261 BRWN 411136 -43.861 -1571.39 96.9995 39.9858 

262 COST 411889 60.611 -1044.72 97.0007 39.9906 

263 COCR 412015 -51.832 -1360.01 96.9994 39.9877 

264 CROS 412131 -204.599 -868.469 96.9976 39.9922 

265 DFWT 412242 -1.867 -786.341 97.0000 39.9929 

266 EAST 412715 -171.024 -840.253 96.9980 39.9924 

267 ELPA 412797 -886.583 -860.763 96.9895 39.9922 

268 HICO 414137 -97.323 -888.181 96.9989 39.9920 

269 HUST 414300 157.976 -1108.38 97.0019 39.9900 

270 KRES 414880 -434.746 -611.717 96.9949 39.9945 

271 LKCK 414975 99.734 -693.521 97.0012 39.9937 

272 LNGV 415348 220.962 -844.674 97.0026 39.9924 

273 LUFK 415424 214.652 -969.69 97.0025 39.9912 

274 MATH 415661 -86.438 -1330.47 96.9990 39.9880 

275 MIDR 415890 -489.385 -878.123 96.9942 39.9921 

276 MTLK 416104 -672.024 -1008.98 96.9921 39.9909 

277 NACO 416177 223.065 -925.966 97.0026 39.9916 

278 NAVA 416210 28.358 -892.028 97.0003 39.9919 
American Electric Power A-13 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

Number 

Station 

Acronym 

Station 

ID 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) Long Lat 

279 NEWB 416270 239.111 -721.818 97.0028 39.9935 

280 BPAT 417174 288.962 -1110.65 97.0034 39.9900 

281 RANK 417431 -472.048 -959.488 96.9944 39.9913 

282 SAAG 417943 -333.338 -952.54 96.9961 39.9914 

283 SAAT 417945 -143.322 -1161.27 96.9983 39.9895 

284 SHEF 418252 -463.759 -1019.19 96.9945 39.9908 

285 STEP 418623 -112.988 -857.918 96.9987 39.9922 

286 STER 418630 -376.683 -897.195 96.9956 39.9919 

287 VALE 419270 -720.749 -1015.17 96.9915 39.9908 

288 VICT 419364 6.882 -1236.45 97.0001 39.9888 

289 WACO 419419 -21.834 -928.823 96.9997 39.9916 

290 WATR 419499 -353.767 -916.015 96.9958 39.9917 

291 WHEE 419665 57.489 -1008.99 97.0007 39.9909 

292 WPDM 419916 262.792 -737.786 97.0031 39.9933 

293 DORA 232302 433.256 -378.797 97.0051 39.9966 

294 DIXN 112353 756.057 -267.193 97.0089 39.9976 

295 DAUP 12172 864.408 -1050.41 97.0102 39.9905 

296 FREV 123104 847.031 -117.884 97.0100 39.9989 

297 WARR 18673 890.447 -788.703 97.0105 39.9929 

298 MDTN 235562 493.264 -87.222 97.0058 39.9992 
American Electric Power A-14 Trinity Consultants 

BART Modeling Protocol 083701.0057 

TABLE A-4. LIST OF OVER WATER METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS

Number 

Station 

ID 

Input file 

Name 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC North

(km) Long Lat 

1 42001 42001 746.874 -1541.35 89.67 25.9 

2 42002 42002 265.486 -1650.616 94.42 25.19 

3 42007 42007 795.674 -1063.667 88.77 30.09 

4 42019 42019 163.178 -1342.917 95.36 27.91 

5 42020 42020 30.212 -1453.738 96.7 26.94 

6 42035 42035 254.465 -1193.539 94.41 29.25 

7 42040 42040 859.497 -1160.066 88.21 29.18 

8 BURL1 42045 743.116 -1202.117 89.43 28.9 

9 DPIA1 42046 861.385 -1039.466 88.07 30.25 

10 GDIL1 42047 687.984 -1164.910 89.96 29.27 

11 PTAT2 42048 -4.980 -1353.398 97.05 27.83 

12 SRST2 42049 288.163 -1175.682 94.05 29.67