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REGARDING THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF DEMOCRACY IN MONGOLIA; CONCERN REGARDING PERSISTENT AND CREDIBLE

REPORTS OF SYSTEMATIC, STATE-SANCTIONED ORGAN HARVESTING FROM NON-CONSENTING PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE

IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA; AND RECOGNIZING

THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF SINGAPOREAN INDEPENDENCE

AND REAFFIRMING SINGAPORE’S CLOSE PARTNERSHIP WITH

THE UNITED STATES

MARKUP

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

ON

H. Res. 339, H. Res. 343 and H. Res. 374

JANUARY 12, 2016

Serial No. 114–146

Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs

(

Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.foreignaffairs.house.gov/ or

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/

(II)

COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS 

EDWARD R. ROYCE, California, Chairman 

CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey 

ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida 

DANA ROHRABACHER, California 

STEVE CHABOT, Ohio 

JOE WILSON, South Carolina 

MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas 

TED POE, Texas 

MATT SALMON, Arizona 

DARRELL E. ISSA, California 

TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania 

JEFF DUNCAN, South Carolina 

MO BROOKS, Alabama 

PAUL COOK, California 

RANDY K. WEBER SR., Texas 

SCOTT PERRY, Pennsylvania 

RON DESANTIS, Florida 

MARK MEADOWS, North Carolina 

TED S. YOHO, Florida 

CURT CLAWSON, Florida 

SCOTT DESJARLAIS, Tennessee 

REID J. RIBBLE, Wisconsin 

DAVID A. TROTT, Michigan 

LEE M. ZELDIN, New York 

DANIEL DONOVAN, New York 

ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York 

BRAD SHERMAN, California 

GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York 

ALBIO SIRES, New Jersey 

GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia 

THEODORE E. DEUTCH, Florida 

BRIAN HIGGINS, New York 

KAREN BASS, California 

WILLIAM KEATING, Massachusetts 

DAVID CICILLINE, Rhode Island 

ALAN GRAYSON, Florida 

AMI BERA, California 

ALAN S. LOWENTHAL, California 

GRACE MENG, New York 

LOIS FRANKEL, Florida 

TULSI GABBARD, Hawaii 

JOAQUIN CASTRO, Texas 

ROBIN L. KELLY, Illinois 

BRENDAN F. BOYLE, Pennsylvania

AMY PORTER, Chief of Staff THOMAS SHEEHY, Staff Director

JASON STEINBAUM, Democratic Staff Director 

SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

MATT SALMON, Arizona Chairman 

DANA ROHRABACHER, California 

STEVE CHABOT, Ohio 

TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania 

JEFF DUNCAN, South Carolina 

MO BROOKS, Alabama 

SCOTT PERRY, Pennsylvania 

SCOTT DESJARLAIS, Tennessee 

BRAD SHERMAN, California 

AMI BERA, California 

TULSI GABBARD, Hawaii 

ALAN S. LOWENTHAL, California 

GERALD E. CONNOLLY, Virginia 

GRACE MENG, New York 

(III)

C O N T E N T S 

Page

MARKUP OF 

H. Res. 339, Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives regarding 

the 25th anniversary of democracy in Mongolia ............................................... 2

Amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 339 offered by the 

Honorable Matt Salmon, a Representative in Congress from the State 

of Arizona, and chairman, Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific ............... 6

Amendment to the amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. 

Res. 339 offered by the Honorable Matt Salmon .................................... 10

H. Res. 343, Expressing concern regarding persistent and credible reports 

of systematic, state-sanctioned organ harvesting from non-consenting prisoners of conscience in the People’s Republic of China, including from large 

numbers of Falun Gong practition ...................................................................... 11

Amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 343 offered by the 

Honorable Gerald E. Connolly, a Representative in Congress from the 

Commonwealth of Virginia .............................................................................. 17

H. Res. 374, Recognizing the 50th anniversary of Singaporean independence 

and reaffirming Singapore’s close partnership with the United States .......... 22

Amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 374 offered by the 

Honorable Matt Salmon ................................................................................... 26

Amendment to the amendment in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 

374 offered by the Honorable Brad Sherman, a Representative in Congress from the State of California ................................................................... 34

APPENDIX 

Markup notice .......................................................................................................... 38

Markup minutes ...................................................................................................... 39

Markup summary .................................................................................................... 40

(1)

REGARDING THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF DEMOCRACY IN 

MONGOLIA; CONCERN REGARDING PERSISTENT AND 

CREDIBLE REPORTS OF SYSTEMATIC, STATE-SANCTIONED 

ORGAN HARVESTING FROM NON-CONSENTING PRISONERS 

OF CONSCIENCE IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA; 

AND RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF SINGAPOREAN INDEPENDENCE AND REAFFIRMING SINGAPORE’S 

CLOSE PARTNERSHIP WITH THE UNITED STATES 

TUESDAY, JANUARY 12, 2016

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,

SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASIA AND THE PACIFIC,

COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS,

Washington, DC. 

The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 2:24 p.m., in room 

2172, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Matt Salmon (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. 

Mr. SALMON. The subcommittee will come to order. We meet 

today pursuant to notice to mark up three bipartisan measures. As 

your offices have been notified, it is the intent of the Chair to consider en bloc the following items, which were previously provided 

to members and are in your folders: First, House Resolution 339, 

expressing the sense of the House of Representatives regarding the 

25th anniversary of democracy in Mongolia; the Salmon amendment 104 in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 339; and the 

Salmon second degree amendment 105 to amendment 104. 

We also have House Resolution 343, expressing concern regarding persistent and credible reports of systematic state-sanctioned 

organ harvesting from non-consenting prisoners of conscience in 

the People’s Republic of China, including from large numbers of 

Falun Gong practitioners and members of other religious and ethnic minority groups. With that, we will be voting on the Connolly 

amendment No. 66 in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 343. 

And, finally, House Resolution 374, recognizing the 50th anniversary of the Singaporean independence and reaffirming Singapore’s 

close partnership with the United States. And, with that, Salmon 

amendment 103 in the nature of a substitute to H. Res. 374. 

And, without objection, these items are considered as read and 

will be considered en bloc. 

[The information referred to follows:]

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Mr. SALMON. I now recognize members to speak on these items 

beginning with myself and the ranking member. 

Today we consider three resolutions: Resolution 339, on Mongolia’s 25 years of democracy; Resolution 343, on the People’s Republic of China state-sanctioned organ harvesting; and Resolution 374, 

reaffirming Singapore’s partnership with the United States. 

First, we turn to H. Res. 339, sponsored by Representative Joe 

Pitts from Pennsylvania. This resolution recognizes Mongolia’s success as a young democracy and free market system which has 

emerged from the fall of the Soviet Union. Mongolia evolved from 

a one-party Communist state to a democracy upon the introduction 

of its Constitution in 1992. Since then, Mongolia has held six Presidential and parliamentary elections, each deemed generally free 

and fair by the State Department. The United States strongly supports democracy promotion around the Globe and will continue to 

work with Mongolia to promote peace, stability, and other good 

things in the region. 

This legislation encourages the U.S. Government to expand academic, cultural, and people-to-people partnerships with Mongolia to 

ensure this beacon of democracy in Asia endures. 


98311g-6.eps
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I offer an amendment in the nature of a substitute that gives the 

recognition to Mongolia’s open government initiative and substantial U.N. peacekeeping efforts. 

I have an additional amendment to offer that recognizes Mongolia’s eligibility for the Millennium Challenge Corporation Fiscal 

Year 2015 compact assistance. 

I urge my colleagues to support both of these amendments and 

the underlying resolution. 

Next, I would like to express my support for the consideration of 

H. Res. 343, condemning Chinese state-sanctioned forced organ 

harvesting. This legislation, sponsored by our colleague Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen of Florida, has the support of 152 cosponsors. Reports allege that tens of thousands of Chinese detainees, largely associated with the Falun Gong, fell victim to nonconsensual organ harvesting while still alive. H. Res. 343 encourages China to end the practice of organ harvesting from prisoners 

of conscience and calls on the Department of State to provide an 

analysis of these activities. 

Representative Gerry Connolly from Virginia will offer an 

amendment in the nature of a substitute that provides further information on the practice of organ harvesting in China, and I encourage my colleagues to support this measure as well. 

Finally, we consider H. Res. 374, which reaffirms the United 

States’ important economic and security partnership with Singapore. I would like to recognize and welcome the attendance of Mr. 

Denny Heck of Washington. Mr. Heck, along with Mr. Bradley 

Byrne of Alabama, introduced this resolution and are the co-chairs 

of the Congressional Singapore Caucus. 

Since the Republic of Singapore gained independence in 1965, 

this city-state has been a critical regional partner of the United 

States. The United States-Singapore economic relationship has 

been vibrant, especially since the U.S.-Singapore Free Trade Agreement was signed in 2004, the first bilateral trade agreement between the United States and an Asian country. 

In 2014, Singapore was the United States’ 18th largest trading 

partner, and we are pleased that Singapore is part of the 12-nation 

Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement. The United States welcomes 

it broadening military partnership with Singapore based on the 

1990 memorandum of understanding for a continued security presence and the 2015 defense cooperation agreement. This resolution 

also underscores Singapore’s commitment to peaceful resolution of 

disputes, such as those in the South China Sea. As the United 

States works to implement the rebalance to Asia, Singapore will 

undoubtedly play an incredibly important partner in that process. 

Given the storied history of the United States-Singapore relationship, it is important to recognize this relationship, especially on the 

50th anniversary of bilateral diplomatic relations. 

I offer an amendment in the nature of a substitute that reflects 

additional U.S.-Singapore cooperative efforts. In the face of a deteriorating security environment in Asia-Pacific, reaffirming this 

partnership is critical. This resolution is an important part of this 

affirmation. I encourage my colleagues to support the measure. 

These measures will be considered en bloc, and I urge the subcommittee’s support for all three measures. 

33

I now recognize the ranking member for his comment on today’s 

procedures. 

Mr. SHERMAN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you for the bipartisan approach you are taking. 

There are two, I think, noncontroversial—completely noncontroversial—bills. The first deals with Mongolia. I will, of course, support the bill and your amendment to it as well. Democracy has 

been thriving in Mongolia for 25 years. This bill recognizes the 

25th anniversary of that democracy, and recommends the U.S. Government expand academic, cultural, and other people-to-people 

partnerships between Mongolia and the United States. It advocates 

and urges Mongolia to further develop democratic institutions, promote transparency, accountability, and community engagement. 

This is a country with a truly amazing history, and I join you in 

supporting the bill. 

The other noncontroversial bill deals with Singapore. I commend 

Mr. Heck for being here and for offering this resolution. Singapore 

was established in its independence 50 years ago. The country’s 

history began in a unique way, being expelled from Malaysia in 

August 1965. After that separation, the fledgling nation had to become self-sufficient and faced problems, including mass unemployment, housing shortages, lack of land, and a lack of virtually all 

natural resources. Not only does this resolution commemorate the 

50th anniversary of Singapore’s independence, but it highlights the 

strong bilateral cooperation between the United States and Singapore. 

And I might add that Singapore is one of the very few countries 

in Asia where we have a trade surplus, and I look forward to looking at that trade relationship and seeing if we can replicate it with 

others in Asia. 

Turning to the third resolution dealing with the Falun Gong, 

China’s human rights record is abysmal. Its treatment of religion 

and those who wish to practice religion is abysmal. It appears that 

Beijing simply fears anything it does not control. If they were providing open government in which all could participate, they would 

have far less to fear. We should specifically condemn China’s treatment of Falun Gong members, who have faced perhaps more discrimination and more retribution and more mistreatment than any 

other religion in China; though, there are many others that could 

argue that they, too, are subject to that abuse. 

But there are parts of this resolution that do give me pause. In 

particular, the second full ‘‘whereas’’ clause on page 3 of the 

amendment in the nature of a substitute, which says: ‘‘Whereas researcher and journalist Ethan Gutmann estimates that approximately 65,000 Falun Gong adherents’’—and this is a strange 

phrase—‘‘may have been’’—and then it goes on to say—‘‘killed for 

their organs from 2000 to 2008.’’ I can’t find anyone in the human 

rights community, any of the established human rights organizations, to lend their credibility to this as even a reasonable estimate. 

It also gives me pause to say that a researcher determines that 

a certain number may have been killed. The chairman points out 

that he believes that people’s organs were harvested when they 

were alive. This clause talks about them being killed. I think this 

resolution would be preferable if it simply deleted this ‘‘whereas’’ 

34

clause, or—and I may offer this as an amendment in the full committee; I will not offer an amendment here—if we said: Okay, it is 

indeed true that Ethan Gutmann has this estimate, but others concerned with human rights, those who are focused on human rights 

in Asia and in China, do not subscribe to that estimate. 

Either way, I think that this resolution can be improved. And it 

is factually true that Ethan Gutmann does put out this estimate. 

But when you cite the estimate in a ‘‘whereas’’ clause in a resolution, you are not only making a statement of fact; you are citing 

it and giving it credibility. And I think that at a maximum, we 

should delete this. As a minimum, we should qualify it by indicating that others who are very concerned with human rights in 

China don’t embrace this. Again, that would be something for the 

full committee and not the subcommittee. 

And I will yield to the chairman. 

Mr. SALMON. I am not particularly married to that ‘‘whereas’’ 

clause, and if that is something that is causing the gentleman some 

concern, I would entertain a motion for that clause being stricken 

or modified. 

Mr. SHERMAN. I will make that motion. I will make the motion 

that we simply delete that ‘‘whereas’’ clause beginning with the 

word ‘‘whereas’’ and ending with the word ‘‘targeted’’ as it appears 

as the second full ‘‘whereas’’ clause on page 3 of the Connolly 

amendment in the nature of a substitute. That is my motion. 

[The information referred to follows:]

Mr. SALMON. And I would be very, very supportive of that. 

Without objection, then—if there is no objection on the panel, 

then I am going to go ahead and strike that. 

Without objection, so ordered. 

Okay. 

Anything else? 

Mr. SHERMAN. That is it. 

Mr. SALMON. We aim to please. 

Mr. SHERMAN. I commend Mr. Heck. 

Mr. SALMON. We did. 

Mr. SHERMAN. But we didn’t do it enough. You can never do it 

enough. 


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Mr. SALMON. We could make it into a song. 

No, I am very, very pleased that you are here. And trying to observe the rules of the committee as far as speaking, but, Mr. Heck, 

this wouldn’t have come to the floor, this Singapore resolution, 

without your great work, and we very, very much appreciate it, and 

thanks for being here today. 

Mr. Rohrabacher. 

Mr. ROHRABACHER. Thank you very much. 

And I rise in support of these three pieces of legislation. First 

and foremost, let us remember that Mongolia, the people there 

have been courageous in their implementation of an entirely new 

economic system at a time when they are in a relatively isolated 

area of the world. There was great hardship there in Mongolia 

while they were transitioning out of the Soviet economy. And it is 

much to the credit of the people of Mongolia that they were able 

to stick it out, and they actually have maintained a Democratic 

government and were able to move forward and now I think are 

exemplary in the way they have conducted their own society, again, 

starting way behind the curve 25 years ago. 

Next is Singapore, and let us note this about Singapore, Singapore, too, also started with much of a handicap. If you take a look 

at Singapore the people of Singapore had less land, fewer resources, and more people than China, and so you have what appears to be a country with a lot of liabilities and not many assets. 

But they have turned that country—in a 50-year period, Singapore 

has become exemplary to the world of a society that works. 

And it was my honor to meet President Lee in Singapore, the 

first President Lee. I haven’t met his son yet, but President Lee 

was a dramatic leader who made that country work, as I say, with 

few resources, lots of people. Unlike China, they never, for example, went to a one-child policy, yet they established a country in 

which, because of the prosperity level of their people, you had basically a stable population without having to have the draconian and 

antifreedom policies that we saw in China, which the Chinese have 

just recently backed off on. 

Lastly, about our friends in the Falun Gong and China, talking 

about China, the Falun Gong, while I agree with Brad, with my 

good friend, Mr. Sherman, that, yes, maybe there isn’t an exact 

reading on this, you can’t get an exact reading from a dictatorship, 

from a group of gangsters. You cannot get an exact reading on how 

many people they have murdered in order to sell their body parts. 

Yeah, the only way we could express it is ‘‘may,’’ but we can say, 

for the record—and I put it on the record now—there have been 

many investigations into this, especially by parliamentarians from 

Canada, who I have spoken to personally, who went into China, 

documented how many prisoners, Falun Gong prisoners, were 

taken to certain prisons and how many didn’t come out. And the 

fact that those very same prisons were the prisons in which body 

parts were being sold to people from the West and other places. So 

although, yeah, you can’t say, ‘‘No, there may be body parts being 

sold there,’’ because they are not going to show you this, but when 

you have a dictatorship, this is just about as proven as it gets. 

The Falun Gong, by the way, are people who have no violent 

threat to anybody. Falun Gong are people who believe in meditaVerDate 0ct 09 2002 11:16 Apr 13, 2016 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\_AP\011216M\98311 SHIRL
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tion and yoga and are peaceful people. The fact that the Chinese 

Communist leadership still feels compelled to murder the Falun 

Gong to try to destroy it as an option for the Chinese people speaks 

a lot about the nature of the Chinese regime today. It is an evil 

regime that continues to put people in jail, murder them, and sell 

their body parts because they are part of a pacifist organization. 

So all of this I think we should make sure we heed in these three 

pieces of legislation. 

Thank you, Mr. Chairman, for your leadership. 

Mr. SALMON. Mr. Chabot, did you have an opening statement? 

Mr. CHABOT. Yes, it is very brief, Mr. Chairman. I want to thank 

you, and I want to commend you and the ranking member for 

bringing all three of these bills before the committee today. 

And I will speak just briefly on H. Res. 343, a bill that expresses 

concern, as my colleague indicated, in regards to China’s statesanctioned harvesting of organs from prisoners, particularly members of the Falun Gong and other religious and ethnic minorities. 

And I know I have met with many Falun Gong practitioners from 

my district in past years who have brought me all kinds of horrific 

stories about what they either experienced themselves in China or 

others that they know of or relatives that are still there. And it is 

unbelievable that this happens in the 21st century. 

I brought similar legislation before this committee when I was 

chair, and I am pleased to see that the subcommittee is raising 

awareness of the issue by bringing this matter before the subcommittee again. China’s organ harvesting, it is deplorable, and it 

is sad to me to think, again, that in 2016 this heinous practice is 

still occurring. China continues to deny that organs are taken from 

prisoners without consent, but there is still no independent 

verification of a state-sponsored organ transplant system. And it is 

our duty as the leader of the free world to continue to call on China 

to end this disgraceful barbarism. 

And I yield back. 

Mr. SALMON. I thank the gentleman. 

Do any other members on the panel seek any recognition for 

opening statements? 

If not, then the question occurs on the adopting the items, as 

amended, en bloc. 

All those in favor, say aye. 

Those opposed, say no. 

In the opinion of the Chair, the ayes have it, and the en bloc 

items are approved. 

Without objection, H. Res. 339, H. Res. 343, and H. Res. 374, as 

amended, will be reported favorably to the full committee. And the 

staff is directed to make any technical and conforming changes. 

I would like to thank all members and staff for the assistance 

and cooperation that went into today’s markup, and I would like 

now to move into the hearing side of the—I am sorry. I will adjourn 

the markup, and I will go ahead and convene the next meaning, 

which is a hearing dealing with human rights in China, and I will 

allow the panelists time to take the dais. 

[Whereupon, at 2:44 p.m., the subcommittee was adjourned.] 

(37)

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