EFFECTIVE PRACTICES IN ENFORCING


CHILD CARE REGULATION


Richard P. Kusrow 

INSPECTOR GENERAL 

OEI.Q3-89-Q701 FEBRUARY 1990

........ .... .... .... ..................... ....................... .... ....... 

TABLE OF CONTNTS


N .... .... ..... ........ .... .... ... ..... .... ... .... 1
 I NTRO DU CTIO 


CATALOG OF SELECTED EFFECTIVE PRACTICES ................................ 3

LEGAL SANCTIONS AND PROCEDURES..................................... 3

INSPECTION REVIEW TECHNIQUES .......................................... 4

MONETARY INCENTIVES AND PENALTIES................................... 6

PAR ENTAL I NV OL V EME NT ......... ...... 7

TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROVIDERS .......... 9

APPENDIX 

CONTACTS FOR SELECTED EFFECTIVE PRACTICES ....................

INTRODUCTION


PURPOSE 

The purse of this report is to cataog effective pratices encountered durng our review of 

States' enforcement of child car regulations. Findings on State regulatory enforcement effort ar contaned in a separte report entitled ' 'Enforcing Chid Ca Regulations, 

OEI-03-89-00700. 

BACKGROUND 

States have the priar responsibilty for establishing and enforcing stadads and regulations 

reg g child car. The Offce of Human Development Servces supports cbild car thugh 

the Social Services Block Grat (title XX. The Famly Support Act of 1988 funds child car 

for Aid to Fames with Dependent Chdrn (AFC) beneficiares who tae par in the Job 

Opportnities and Basic Skils (JOBS) progr Under both Federa progrs, parcipatig 

providers must meet applicable State stadads. 

Ther ar thee major kids of chid car settgs in the Unite States. Accordig to the U. 

Census Burau, 41 percent of preschool childrn of workg mothers spend their days in the 

homes of others. This is known as famy chid car. Although 48 States regulate famy chid 

car, 19 States derme it in such a way that lare numbers of homes are not covered. 

Twenty-one percent of chidrn under age 5 ar in organize child car centers or preschools. 

Al States regulate child car centers and only tWo do not inspt centers annually. 

The thir tye of arangement, for 30 peent of those under age 5, is supervision in the 

chid' s own home by a nanny, sitter, frend or relative. Ths ty of care is not regulated in 

any State. The remaing 8 percent ar car for in other settngs. 

METHODOLOGY 

We inteewed child car licensing offcial and inspetors in all 50 States, the Distrct of Columbia and New York City. In nine States and New Yor City, these intervews were conducte in person. Although we spoke with a varety of other persons, this report is based 

priary on conversations with State licensing adistrtors and inspectors. These respondents were asked to identify practices they had found to be most effective in enforcing their 

child car regulations. 
Categories Of Effective Practices 

This report is a catalog of selected enforcement pratices. We found a wealth of new ideas 

and protocols in child care regulation enforcement among State and local agenci s. A sampling of these practices is presente in the followig categories: 

Legal sanctions and proedurs 

Administrative closures


Consent agreements 

Investigative protocols 

Inspection review tehniques 

Indicator checklists


Use of interviews 

Inspector training 

Moneta incentives and penalties 

Financial incentves to encourage provider registration 

Fines as enforcement procedues 

Parntal involvement


Communicatin between States an parents 

Communicatin between providrs and parents 

Tranig and technical assistace for providers 

State agency practices 

Cooperative efforts with unversities 

More informtion on these practices can be obtaned frm contacts listed in the appendi. 
CATALOG OF SELECTED EFFECTIVE PRACTICES 

LEGAL SANCTIONS AND PROCEDURES 

To protet the health and safety of chidrn, it is someties necessar to close a facilty. In 

most States, th is a lengthy, tie-consuming proess. Sta unamliarty with judicial proedur and a lack of legal counsel cause some of the delays. Lite State legal authorities, due 

process proedurs and contiuig appeals also can alow a faclity to reman open even when 

chidrn s safety is thatened 

Severa State licensing agencies have found adnistrtive closurs to be an effective enforcement mechansm. Although State authorties var, the basic concept permts immedte closur of a facilty due to serious safety or chid abuse citations. 

Oter effective State proedurs include consent agrments and investigative protocols. Consent agrments reuir that the State agency and the prvider establish a legaly binding 

agrment for the continued operation of the facty if it is repeatedy out of compliance. Investigative protocols trai inspectors to develop paper tr to avoid legal problems when 

proseutig. Ths is effective when legal counsel is separte frm the licensing agency sta. 

Administratve Closures


Four State adnistrtors cited their authority to close a facilty when childrn ar in imminent 

dager. State offcials in llinois and Nebraka report their adstrative closur protocols have ben effective. 

The Dlinois power of adistrtive closur forbids chid car providers frm operating during the appeals process. The State must intiate enforcment action within 10 days of the citation, but the facilty may not operate in the interim. Thoughout the process, the State agency 

is reui to assist the provider in complying with reguations. 

In Nebraka, when there is imnent dager to the health or safety of childrn in a facilty, 

the State agency may order an immedate adnistrtive closur. The facilty remains closed

durg the 10-day appeal period Nebraka and sever other States indicated that at this point 

many providers choose to give up their licenses voluntay. 

Consent Agreements 

State offcials say "any legal action tends to get a prvider s attntion" and prouce either corretive action or volunta closure. For example, the Connecticut State agency for center licensing has the authority to negotiate a consent agrmen which center providers must sign to 

keep their facilty open while they corrt deficiencies. In the event of furher noncompliance 
or refusal to sign the agrment, a center s license can be sumarly suspended until the appeals press has ben exhauste 

Investigatve Protocols 

Our intervews revealed that State offcials feel that providers avoid prosecution by using legal 

loopholes. However, we found that most inspetors have educational backgrunds in social 

work rather than investigations. They ar seldom tred by the State to collect evidence and 

obta witnesses. 

To adss ths, New Hampshire has established a comprehensive investigative protocol 

with the State agency. Inspctors ar tred to tae offcialy witnessed and signed statements when there is probable cause for litigation. Citations ar sent to uncensed providers 

via cered ma with copies to the State Attorey Genera. 

INSPECTION REVIEW TECHNIQUES 

On-site visits ar the most common enforment tehnique. Deisions to issue, renew or deny 

licenses ar bas oil these visits. However, most visits ar shor and inuent. Severa 

States have develope inovative tehnques to help insptors mae the most of these viits. 

A number of State agencies use indicator checklsts or conduct less extensive inspetions if 

there has ben past consistent compliance. These States ar able to devote more enforcement 

resours to deficient facilties. Other States use inteews with chidrn, parnts and provider. 

Inspor trg thugh semiar, vides, and handboks improves both the effectiveness 

and consistency of insptions. At least tWo States ditrbute a licensing handbok for inspecto. These handboks serve as a quick acurte reference in the field. 

Indiatr Checklists 

Indicator checklsts ar used in severa States to inspet centers which ar consistently in compliance. These checklists include items such as sta to child ratio, group size, and physical 

condition of the facilty. Both Pennsylvania and Wiscnsin use indicator checklsts for monitorig. Their systems help dit inspetion resours to the facilties most in nee 

In Pennsylvania, the 15 checklist items have proven to be effective quality of car indicators. 

Pennsylvania adnisters the ful-scale inspetion instrment once every 3 year even if there 

ar no problems indicated by the checklist. 
Wiscnsin conducts a more in-dpth inspetion if there ar problems in one of the indicator 

categories or if other factors suggest it is necessar. Insptors in Wisconsin report that this 

method alows them to focus their energies more effciently. 

Prioriting Inspections Based On Previus Perfonnance


In most States, providers with a history of consistent regulatory compliance face the same detaed inspetion as a facilty with a por compliance reord However, Tennes has an incentive approach to inspections. Providers who mata consistent regulatory compliance 

rewar with abbreviated inspetions. The proess allows inspection resources to be focused 

on problem providers. 

Use of Intervews 

Although in-person observations and measurments ar the most common inspection techniqqes, severa States are broadening their procedurs with more subjective creria. In New 

Hampshire, inspectors intervew childrn at a facilty as par of their inspetion or complait 

investigation. Unless parnts prohibit an intervew, childrn ar questioned about nutrtion 

disciplie, and other topics. New Hampshir inspetors also attempt to speak with parnts if 

ther ar concerns about a facilty or if it is under investigation. 

In Washigton County, Minnesta, the licensing agency has developed a questionnai to assess home qualty. This is adstere as a separte insption interview so that the provider 

is comfortble answering personal questions. The questions center on child rearng atttudes 

and persnal famy experiences. By rasing such issues, inspetors probe for individual motivations while gaiing insight about a provider s qualcations. 

Inspector Training 

Across the nation, insptors wanted mo tring and assistace in their decision makg. A 

varety of approaches were uncovere In Minnesta, the Assoiation of Famly Child Car Licensors has developed a 
 Child Care Licensing Resoure Handook. Ths handbok helps 

isolate inspectors improve the quality of their monitoring of providers. The handbok is a trg manual wrtten by inspectors for inspeto which allows them to be as consistent as 

possible Statewide. 

The State agency sta has taken the lead in New Jersey and has crated a Techncal AssistaeJlandookfor Child Care Centers as a companion document to the State licensing manual. The guide follows the formt of the licensing maual, offering inspectors ways to assist 

prviders in complying with regulations. It contas sample fons for prvider reordkeeping, explais the reasoning for certn regulations and offers answers to common questions. 

New Jersey inspectors feel this reference soure helps them give quick comprehensive infor­ mation to providers. 
Michigan qutas libra of vide tapes for insptor trng which includes information 

on intervewig, documentation and safety measurs. Vides ar also avaiable on more gen- er topics such as communication skis, maagement and self-development. Michigan also offers trtional classrom trg on topics such as COuroom crbilty. 

MONETARY INCENTIVES AND PENALTIES 

FINANCIAL INCENTIVES TO ENCOURAGE PROVIDER REGISTRATION 

Some States provide fiancial incentives to aid in the reitment and retention of licensed or regitere providers. These incentives help reuce the tie inspctors spend investigatig un- license car and conductig initial licensing prours. 

Chid Car Foo 

most common Prgr fiancial incentive use by States is the U.S. Deparnt of Agrcultu In most States, metig registrtion or licensing reuiments al­ lows prviders to be reimbured for the cost of prvidig meal to chidrn in their car. 

Liensing Reward 

May States charge chid car providers an anual fee. New Hampshire is unusual in that it has no State licensing fee. In one of New Hapshi's regions, a contrt was awarde to outside agency to reit providers. The agency grte $200 "rewars" to providers after they held a license for 6 months to help defer adstrtive and local licensing costs. Li­ cense providers ar also liste in the compute State Resoure and Referr network. 

Training Grant 

In orr to incrase the supply of registe provide, Pennsylvania'

Welfar reimburs up s Deparent of Public to $175 for approved 

About trnig to registere famy chid car providers. 60 famy providers applied for and reeived tring thugh ths progr in fical year 1989.


FINES AS ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES 

Fines ar an intermedate sanction which permt insptors to tae lited punitive measures against providers found to be out of compliance. Twenty-four States have authorized fines, but may raely use them due to complex restrctions. 

May licensing adistrators in States without fining authorty mentioned rmes as the en­ forcement option they would most want ad to their regulations. Admnistrtors frm both California and Florida reported their fig prours ar effective in motivating compli­ ance amng providers. 
Civil Penaties 

California uses a civi penalty process which allows inspetors to issue daly rmes of $25 to 

$50 agaist licensed centers or unlcense famy homes. Fines are issued only after a center 

fais to meet a corrective action plan. Caornia has strngtened enforcement of civil penalties with adstrtive procedurs to ensur payment. The State wi not renew a chid car license if there is an outstading fine. In accordce with the State ta offset progr, an 

unpaid fie can also be deducte from the provider s State income ta refund. 

Administratve Fines 

Florida has use an adistrtive rme proess for licensed chid car centers since 1985.

Fourn out of 67 counties have home rue jursdction and conduct their own county inspections. Al counties must met or excee State stada and can use State enforcement procedurs. 

There ar thee classifcations of day fines. Oass One offenses involve umnent aager or lie thtenig accidents with rmes up to $100 pe violation. Class Two involves more serious but not lie thatening violations, with fies of $30 to $75. Class Th offenses involve 

less serious violations, with fines of $10 to $30. 

When a violation is cited durg a site inspetion, the provider is given a corrctive action due 

date. An adstrative fine can be issued by the licensing agency only if the corrtive action 

due date is not met. 

PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT 

Parnts can assist inspectors by actig as "eyes and ea" for child car regulation enforcement. Their parcipation is considere vita to assurg qualty car. However, may respondents report that most parents may not know what to look for in assessing their chid' s car 

facilty. Some suggestions for incrasing parnt awarness include workshops, education

thugh the meda, and parcipation in facilty activities. 

There ar may ways parnts can beome more involved with their child' s car facilty even if 

they have litte ti. Parnt involvement can include persnal visits, parcipation on the 

facilty s advisory board, conferences with sta and review of educational material. State admiistrtors and inspectors believe that madating a rage of opportnities for parnts to be involved in their child' s care is a goo way to be sur facilties comply with other regulations. 

Communicaton between State and Parnt 

Most State agencies hear from parnts only when they have a complaint. New Hampshire 

taes a more active approach, sureying parnts as par of their inspection of facilties. 

State licensing adnistrator report that although parnts ar hesitat to initiate contact with 
State agencies, when asked to make comments in an anonymous surey they "come out of the 

woowork. 

In Indiana, the State licensing agency has developed a series of inormative materials on child 

car for parnts. Although the agency does not mae reommendations regardig specific providers, the State does suggest to parnts that they examne provider fies. These fies conta 

al complaits fied about the facilty. Only Child Prtective Servce complaints ar protected 

by confdentialty stadads. 

Communicaton Between Provir and Parent 

To assur better communcation betWeen parnts and their providers, more and more States 

ar developing specifc parnta involvement regulations. In Delaware, regulations guartee parnta access anytie their child is in the facilty. Parnts must reeive a wrtten statement 

of the facilty s policies and proedurs and must be inormd of their child' s progrss. Delawar also reuis ongoing communication betWeen providers and parnts, inCluding a miimum of one conference anualy. Parnts ar encourged to review licensing reuirments 

and conduct a pre-enrllent interview with the provider. 

Iowa madates a special parnta role in some child car centers. At least hal of the seats on 

advisory boards of non-profit centers with more than 40 chidrn must be parnts of enrlled 

chidrn. 

To encourge planed communications with parnts, Dlinois regulations for centers reuir a 

wrtten reord of "parnta dialogue to ensur that (the center s) progr haronizes with the 

home." The progr must reflect respet for the famly cultu or backgrund. Visits and 

parcipation must be encourged and concerns about a child' s health, development and behavior must be communicate promptly to parnts and day to an infant s parnts. Both centers 

and famly homes must have proof that parnts have reeived facty policies and procedurs 

and wrttn inormtion distrbuted by the State. 

Tennes homes and centers must provide parnts with a copy of State licensing reuirements. Tennesse encourges communication betWeen parnts and providers and requirs unrestrcte parnta access. Centers must also prvide parnts with instrctions on detecting 

and prventing child abuse. 

Pr-enrllment visits and parnt orientations ar reuir in Vermnt' s licensed centers. 

These providers must hold tWo fonn conferences a year and meet with parnts who reuest 

adtional conferences. Regitered famy child car providers must distrbute the State s regu'" 

lations for famly homes and a parent handbook which includes a complaint form and a letter 

of praise for. Family homes must also display a joural contaning their certfication, policies, regulations for famly child car and guidelines for the protection and car of childrn. 
TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROVIDERS 

STATE AGENCY PRACTICES 

State adstrators and inspectors in 19 States identified provider trning as importt to incrasing compliance with regulations. Educated providers elevate the stada of car and 

alow better use of enforcement resources. Most offcials view provider tring and tehnical 

assistace as a preventive enforcement pratice. 

Nearly 80 percent of al States offer some form of trg or tehnical assistace. Eighty-six 

percent of providers reported that they tued to insptor fit when they nee assistace. 

However, may offcials believe that these effort do not always meet their full potential as 

positive enforcement measurs due to insption sta shortges. 

Suu Training Committe 

A Chid Ca Traing Commttee with members appointe by the Governor has ben established in Arkansa. The commttee includes providers, State offcials, a parnt, and an early 

chidhoo education professional. Ths commtt develops a tring program for providers 

based on proposals for trg projects it reeives each year. The commtte alo purhases 

and lends out materials for providers to trn their own sta. (See also: Cooperative Efforts 

With Universities. 

Training Seminars 

Pennsylvania has develope a regional trning semina for famy child car providers. The 

semiar is led by State sta but is volurta for providers. Ths 6-hour session covers regulations, cargiver policies and techniques and a question/answer period At the conclusion, pro 

vide reeive a resoure maual and other materials. Prvider evaluation of the tring has 

ben very positive. Initial sureys indicate that there is grater compliance with reguations 

among the semiar parcipants than other providers. Pennsylvania inspectors hope to be conductig the seminar as a Statewide demonstrtion progr in the near future. 

Avoidig alegations of child abuse has beome of incrasing concern to providers. In Vermont, presentations ar held bas on their publication, Protecting Your Business from AllegaThe session teaches how to recognize and report child abuse. It profies tions of Child Abuse. 


offenders and the ways they gain access to childrn. The presentations mae providers awar 

of preventive measurs they can tae to safeguar childrn in their car. The intent is to teach 

providers how to protect their professional interests while encouraging them to be affectionate. 

cargivers. 
COOPERATIVE EFFORTS WITH UNIVERSITIES 

Severa States have developed close workng relationships with university program for early 

chidhoo education. These unversity based progr offer valuable trning opportnities to 

both providers and enforcement sta. Their independent perspective is valued by providers 

and State adnistrtors ale. 

Model Currculum 

In respnse to provider reuests, the New York Burau of Chd Cae, workng with Cornell 

l curculum for preventig child abuse entitled, Managing. University, developed a 


Children s Behaior. It contans a series of pratical, proven discplie techniques. 

Th trg progr teaches positive disciplinar tehniques which ar effective in controllig chidrn s behavior problems. Semiars led by tred inspctors ar now held thoughout the State for center and home-based providers. The State report it is their most popular trg progr. 

Training Center 

Under the auspices of the Nort Dakota State University (NSU), North Dakota has established an Ealy Chidhoo Traing Center (ECTC). The center has a trning librar for pro 

viders which lends video trg tapes and other materials though county social servces 

agencies. 

The NDSU is a member of the State advisory boar for oversing regulation and enforcement policy. In adtion, ECTC coordiates trg among dierent groups such as the Day 

Ca Prviders Assoiation and the Assoction for the Education of Young Childrn. Separtion of the trg compnent from the licensing agency prevents confsion of mium licensing stada with effort to crate quality progrs in the field of early childhoo 

seces. 

Resource Center 

The Arkansa Chd Ca Traing Commtt co-sponsors a Child Ca Resource Center 

with the University of Arsas and Arsas Childrn s Hospita. The Center is housed in 

space donated by the University and contans a libra of child car trning materials. Alllicense famly homes and centers receive a User Car which enables them to borrw any materis they nee from the center. Beginning in Januar 199, the Center will also serve as a 

resoure and referr netWork.

STATE AGENCY PRACTICES 

State adstrtors and inspectors in 19 States identied provider trning as importt to incrasing complice with reguations. Educated proViders elevate the stada of car and 

allow bettr use of enforcement resoures. Most offcials view provider trning and technical 

assistace as a preventive enforcement practice. 

Nearly 80 percent of al States offer some form of trnig or tehnical assistace. Eighty-six 

percent of providers reported that they tued to inspetors fist when they nee assistance. 

However, may offcial believe that these effort do not always meet their fun potenti as 

positive enforcement measures due to insption sta shorges. 

Sta Training Committee 

A Chid Ca Traing Commttee with members appointe by the Governor has ben established in Arkansa. The commttee includes providers, State offcials, a parnt, and an early 

chidhoo education professional. Ths commtt develops a trng program for providers 

bas on prposals for trnig projects it reives each year. The commtte also purhases 

and lends out materials for providers to tr their own sta. (See also: Coperative Efforts 

With Universities. 

Trainig Seminars


Pennsylvania has developed a regional tring seminar for famly child car providers. The 

semiaris led by State staf but is volunta for prviders. This 6-hour session covers regulations, cargiver policies and techniques and a question/answer period At the conclusion, pro 

viders reeive a resource manual and other materials. Prvider evaluation of the trning has 

ben ver positive. Initial sureys indicate that there is grater compliance with regulations 

among the semiar parcipants than other prvide. Pennsylvana inspetors hope to be conductig the seminar as a Statewide demonstrtion prgr in the near futu. 

Avoidig alegations of child abuse has beome of incrasing concern to providers. In Vermont, presentations ar held based on their publication, Protecting Your Business from AllegaThe session teaches how to reogn and report child abuse. It profies tions of Child Abuse. 


offende and the ways they gain access to childrn. The prsentations make providers aware 

of preventive measurs they can tae to safeguar childrn in their car. The intent is to teach 

providers how to protect their professional interests while encourging them to be afectionate 

cargivers. 

COOPERATIVE EFFORTS WITH UNIVERSITIES 

Sever States have developed close workng relationships with university progr for early 

chidhoo education. These university bas prgr offer valuable trning opportunities to 

both prviders and enforcement sta. Their independent perspetive is valued by providers 

and State adnistrtors alike. 
Model Currulum 

In response to provider requests, the New York Burau of Chld Ca, workng with Cornell 

University, developed a model cwrculum for preventing child abuse entitled Managing 

Children s Behaior. It contans a series of prtical, proven discipline tehniques. 

Ths tring progr teaches positive discipliar tehnques which ar effective in controllig chidrn s behavior problems. Semiar led by tred insptors ar now held thoughout the State for center and home-based prviders. The State reports it is their most popular

trg progr. 

Training Center 

Under the auspices of the Nort Dakota State University (NSU), North Dakota has established an Ealy Childhoo Traig Center (ECfC). The center has a tring librar for pro 

viders which lends video trng tapes and other materials thugh county social servces 

agencies. 

The NDSU is a member of the State adviso boar for oversing regulation and enforcement policy. In adtion, ECfC coordates trg among dierent grups such as the Day 

Ca Prviders Association and the Association for the Education of Young Chidrn. Separtion of the tring component from the licensing agency prevents confsion of miimum licensing stadas with effort to crate qualty prgr in the field of early childhoo 

seces. 

Resource Center 

The Arkansa Chid Ca Trag Commtt co-sponso a Child Ca Resource Center 

with the University of Aransas and Arsa Childrn s Hospita The Center is house in 

spac donate by the University and contans a libra of chid car tring materis. Alllicense famy homes and centers reeive a User Ca which enables them to borrw any materis they nee from the center. Beginig in Januar 199, the Cente will also serve as a 

resoure and referr netWork.

APPENDIX 

CONTACTS FOR SELECTED EFFECTIVE PRACTICES 

ARKASAS - Traning and tehnical assistace 

Ms. Kathy Stegal 

Slot 720 

Deparent of Huma Servces 

O. Box 1437

Litte Rock, AR 72201 

(501) 682-8590 

CALIFORNI - Fines 

Mr. David Smith 

Community Cae Licensing Diviion 

Cafornia Deparent of Social Servces 

1315 5th Strt 

Sacento, CA 95814 

(916) 324-324 

CONNCTICUT - Legal sanctions and proedurs 

Mr. Wesley Bell 

Home Health Car Division 

Connecticut Deparent of Health Serces 

150 Washington Strt 

Harord CT 06106 

(203) 5662575 

DELAWARE - Parenta involvement 

Ms. Paule Koch 

Licensing Servces 

Delawar Deparent of Servces 

for Childrn, Youths, and Famlies 

Firt State Executive Plaz 

330 Eat 30th Street 

Wilmington, DE 19802 

(302) 571-6436 
FLOItIDA - Fines 

Ms. Pamela Hutchinson 

Day Ca Licensing 

Chdrn, Youth and Fames Prgr 

Deparent of Health and Rehabiltative Servces 

1317 Wmewoo Boulevard 

Talahasse, FL 32399-0700 

(90) 488-4900

ILLINOIS - Legal sanctions and prours 

Ms. Pat Bennett 

Ofce of Chd Prtective Servces 

Dlois Deparnt of Chidrn and Famy Serces 

40 Eat Monr Strt 

Sprigfeld, II 62701


(217) 785-2688 

INIAA - Parntal involvement 

Mr. Keith Caer 

Day Ca Licensing Unit 

Chd Welfare Division 

Indiana Deparent of Welfar and Socal Serces 

141 South Meridian Strt 

indiapolis, IN 46225


(317) 232-42 

IOWA - Parnta involvement 

Mr. Haold Poore 

Chld Day Ca Servces 

Iowa Deparent of Human Servces 

Des Moines, IA 50319 

(515) 281-5521 

MICHIGAN - Inspection review tehnques 

Ms. Pat Van Dyke 

Deparent of Social Servces 

Division of Chd Day Ca Regulation 

415 Frain SE 

Grad Rapids, MI 49507 

(616) 943-3943 
..

MISOTA - Inspetion review techniques 

Ms. Jan Rudich 

Day Car Licensing 

Washington County Governent Center 

Community Social Servces 

1490 61st Strt - Nort 

O. Box 30

Stiwater, MN 55082-0030 

(612) 779-5050 

NEBRASKA - Legal Sanctions and proedurs 

Ms. Debbie Dawson 

Ealy Chidhoo Licensing 

Huma Servces Division 

Nebra Deparnt of Socal Servces 

O. Box 95026

Lincoln, NE 68509-5026 

(402) 471-3121 

NEW HAMPHIR - Legal sanctions and proedurs, 

insption review tehnques, parnta involvement and moneta incentives 

Mr. Robert Leteller


Burau of Chid Ca Stada and Licensing 

Division of Public Health Servces 

New Hampshi Deparnt of Hum Servces 

Han Drve 

Concord, NH 03301 

(603) 271-4523 

NEW JERSEY - Inspetion review tehniques 

Mr. J. Patrck Byre 

Division of Youth and Famy Servces 

New Jersey Deparent of Huma Resoures 

Trenton, NJ 08625 

(60) 292- 1018 

NEW YORK - Traig and tehncal assistace 

Dr. Robert Page 

Burau of Child 

New York Deparent of Social Servces 

40 Nort Pearl Street #11­

Albany, NY 12243 

(518) 474-9324 
.

: .;. 

NORtH DAKOTA - Trag and tehnical assistace 

Mr. Paul Ronningen 

Early Childhoo Servces

Chdrn and Famly Servces 

Nort Dakota Deparent of Huma Servces 

Judicial Wmg 

Bismarck, ND 58505 

(701) 224809 

Ms. Helen Danelson 

Early Chldhoo Trang Center 

State University Station 

O. Box 5057

Fargo, ND 58105 

(701) 237-8289 

PENNSYLVAN - Moneta incentives 

Mr. Chrtopher Wolf 

Burau of Chid Day Ca Servces 

Ofce of Chdrn, Youth & Fames 

Pennsylvania Deparent of Public Welfar 

O. Box 2675

Hasburg, PA 17015 

(717) 787-8691 

Trag and tehnical assistace 

Pennsylvana Deparent of Public Welfar 

Day Ca Servces 

Centr Region


2330 Art Boulevard 

O. Box 2675

Hasburg, PA 17105 

(717) 657-463 

Insption review techniques 

Mr. Richard Fiene 

c/o Burau of Child Day Car Seces 

Ofce of Childrn, Youth & Famlies 

Pennsylvania Deparent of Public Welfar 

O. Box 2675

Hasburg, PA 17015 

(717) 787-8691 
TENNSSEE - Insption review tehniques 

Ms. Caline Deal 

Day Ca Licensing Servces 

Tennessee Deparent of Human Servces 

40 Deaderick Strt 

Nashvie, TN 37219


(615) 741-7129 

VERMONT - Parnta involvement, tring and tehnical assistace 

Mr. Colema Baker 

Division of Licensing and Regution 

Vermont Deparent of Social and Rehabiltative Servces 

103 South Man Strt 

Waterur, VT 05676


(802) 241-2158 

WICONSIN - Insption review tehniques 

Mr. David Edie 

Burau for Chidrn, Youth & Famies 

Wisconsin Deparent of Health and Social Servces 

O. Box 7851

Madson, WI 53707


(608) 2668200 

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