Ft.

-1

0

+ 1

+ 2+ 3+ 4+ 5

M.

-0.3

0

+ 0.3

+ 0.6

+ 0.9+ 1.2+ 1.5

2015

NOV

1945

DEC

1945

2016

JAN

1946

FEB

1952

MAR

1952

APR

1973

MAY

1973

JUN

1952

JUL

1947

AUG

1947

SEP

1947

OCT

1945

NOV

19451934

DEC

19451934

2017

JAN

1946

1935

FEB

1952

1936

MAR

19521935

APR

19731935

MAY

19731935

JUN

19521935

JUL

19471934

AUG

19471934

SEP

19471934

OCT

19451934

NOV

19451934

DEC

19451934

2018

JAN

1946

1935

FEB

1952

1936

MAR

19521935

APR

19731935

CHART DATUM 243.3 FEET (74.2 METERS)

Ft.

-1

0

+ 1

+ 2+ 3+ 4+ 5

+ 6

M.

-0.3

0

+ 0.3

+ 0.6

+ 0.9+ 1.2+ 1.5+ 1.8

2015

NOV

1986

DEC

1986

2016

JAN

1987

FEB

1987

MAR

1986

APR

1985

MAY

1986

JUN

1986

JUL

1986

AUG

1986

SEP

1986

OCT

1986

NOV

1986

1934

DEC

1986

1934

2017

JAN

19871935

FEB

1987

1936

MAR

1986

1934

APR

19851934

MAY

1986

1934

JUN

1986

1934

JUL

1986

1934

AUG

1986

1934

SEP

1986

1934

OCT

1986

1934

NOV

1986

1934

DEC

1986

1934

2018

JAN

19871935

FEB

1987

1936

MAR

1986

1934

APR

1985

CHART DATUM 569.2 FEET (173.5 METERS) 1934

Ft.

-1

0

+ 1

+ 2+ 3+ 4+ 5

M.

-0.3

0

+ 0.3

+ 0.6

+ 0.9+ 1.2+ 1.5

2015

NOV

1986

DEC

1986

2016

JAN

1986

FEB

1986

MAR

1986

APR

1986

MAY

1986

JUN

1986

JUL

1986

AUG

1986

SEP

1986

OCT

1986

NOV

1986

1934

DEC

1986

1964

2017

JAN

19861936

FEB

19861926

MAR

1986

1934

APR

19861926

MAY

1986

1934

JUN

1986

1934

JUL

1986

1934

AUG

1986

1934

SEP

1986

1934

OCT

1986

1934

NOV

1986

1934

DEC

1986

1964

2018

JAN

19861936

FEB

19861926

MAR

1986

1934

APR

19861926 CHART DATUM 572.3 FEET (174.4 METERS)

ELEVATIONS REFERENCED TO THE CHART DATUM OF EACH 

Superior

603.05

183.81

602.62183.68603.38

183.91

1985

600.72

183.10

1925

602.07

183.51

MichHuron

580.28176.87579.69176.69582.35

177.50

1986

576.44

175.70

1964

578.84176.43

St.

Clair

575.66175.46

575.20

175.32

577.30

175.96

1986

571.75174.27

1934

574.11

174.99

Erie

572.47174.49571.95174.33573.95174.94

1986

568.57

173.30

1934

571.10

174.07

Ontario

245.60

74.86

244.55

74.54

246.78

75.22

1945

242.19

73.82

1934

244.78

74.61

OCTOBER MEAN LAKE LEVELS

(IGLD 1985)

* 2017 Ft.

M.

2016 Ft.

M.

** MAX.

Ft.

M.

Yr.

** MIN.

Ft.

M.

Yr.

** AVG. Ft.

M.

* provisional** Average, Maximum and Minimum for period 1918-2016

1985

1985

1973 1973

1936

1934

1926 1934

LAKE ONTARIO

LAKE ERIE

LAKE ST. CLAIR

LEGEND

LAKE LEVELS

RECORDEDPROJECTEDAVERAGE **MAXIMUM **MINIMUM **

The levels on the hydrographs are shown inboth feet and meters above (+) or below (-) Chart Datum. Chart Datum, also known as Low Water Datum, is a reference plane on each lake to which water depth and Federal navigation improvement depths on navigation charts are referred.All elevations and plots shown in this bulletin are referenced to International Great Lakes Datum 1985 (IGLD 1985). IGLD 1985 has its zero base at Rimouski, Quebec near the mouth of the St. Lawrence River (approximate sea level).
Information

Recorded water levels in this bulletin are derived from a representative network of water level gages on each lake 

(see cover map). Providers of these data are the U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Ocean Service, 

and Integrated Science Data Management, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada. The Detroit District, 

Corps of Engineers and Environment Canada derive historic and projected lake levels under the auspices of the 

Coordinating Committee on Great Lakes Basic Hydraulic and Hydrologic Data.

This bulletin is produced monthly as a public service. The Corps also, on a weekly basis publishes online the Great 

Lakes, Connecting Channels and St. Lawrence River Water Levels and Depths, which provides a forecast of depths 

in the connecting rivers between the Great Lakes and the International Section of the St. Lawrence River. This 

Monthly Bulletin of the Lake Levels for the Great Lakes may be obtained free of charge by writing to the address 

shown on the front cover, by calling (313) 226-6442 or emailing hhpm@usace.army.mil. Notices of change of 

address should include the name of the publication. This information is available on the internet at 

http://www.lre.usace.army.mil/Missions/GreatLakesInformation.aspx.

Great Lakes Basin Hydrology

October 2017

According to preliminary estimates, basin-wide precipitation was well above normal for all of the Great Lakes. Lake 

Ontario received the most precipitation with estimates at 170% of its average October precipitation. Lake MichiganHuron is estimated not far behind that at 161% of its average October precipitation. On the whole, the Great Lakes 

basin received 145% of average October precipitation. Over the last 12 months, the total rainfall has been just above 

average for the Great Lakes basin. Net basin supply was above average for all but Lake Erie. Lake outflows in 

October were above average for all lakes. 

All of the lakes were above their October long-term average water levels. From September to October, Lake Superior 

rose about a half inch, but all other lakes’ levels declined. Lake Michigan-Huron fell 2 inches, Lake St. Clair dropped 

5 inches, Lake Erie declined by 4 inches, and Lake Ontario fell 9 inches from September to October. This October’s 

levels were 5 to 7 inches above last year’s levels for all but Lake Ontario, which was 13 inches above last year’s 

October level. All of the lakes are below their record high levels. Lake Superior is 4 inches below its record high 

October level set in 1985. The other lakes are 14 to 25 inches below their record high October levels.

PRELIMINARY PRECIPITATION (INCHES)

BASIN

October 12-Month Comparison

2017

Average

Diff. % of 

Average

Last 12 

months 

Average

Diff. % of 

(1900-2014) (1900-2014) Average

Superior 3.41 2.88 0.53 118 34.13 30.52 3.61 112

Michigan-Huron 4.74 2.94 1.80 161 33.54 32.57 2.97 109

Erie 3.05 2.84 0.21 107 35.11 35.65 -0.54 98

Ontario 5.34 3.15 2.19 170 41.25 35.87 5.38 115

Great Lakes 4.24 2.93 1.31 145 35.80 32.76 3.04 109

 LAKE

October Net Basin Supplies1(cfs) October Outflows2(cfs)

2017

Average

(1900-2008) 2017

Average3

(1900-2008)

Superior 116,000 40,000 111,000 80,000

Michigan-Huron 106,000 1,000 213,000 191,000

Erie -29,000 -21,000 232,000 201,000

Ontario 25,000 7,000 295,000 243,000

Notes: Values (excluding averages) are based on preliminary computations; cfs denotes cubic feet per second.

1 Net basin supply is the net result of precipitation falling on the lake, runoff from precipitation falling on the land which flows to 

the lake, and evaporation from the lake. Negative net basin supply denotes evaporation exceeded runoff and precipitation. 

The net total supply can be found by adding the net basin supply and the outflow from the upstream lake.

2 Does not include diversions.

3 Lake Ontario average water supplies and average outflows are based on period of record 1900-2005