534731

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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTA L PROTECTION AGENCY

REGION VII I

999 18TH STREET - SUITE 500 DENVER, COLORADO 80202

California Gulch NPL Site MAR 29 1993 Leadville, CO

PURPOSE : Thi s draft final Screening Feasibility Study (SFS) begins the process of determining the remedial cleanup actions that could occur at the California Gulch NPL Site. The Superfun d regulations (NCP 300.430(e)) provide that, when needed, an

alternatives screening can be'undertake n to select a reasonable number of

alternatives for detailed analysis. After receiving comment on the SFS, EPA, with the

advice and assistance of the Advisory Committee, will release the Final SFS for the Site. SCREENING CRITERIA: The NCP provides that the followin g three criteria guide

the development and screening of remedial alternatives:

Effectiveness . Focuses on the degree to which an alternative reduces toxicity, mobility, or volume through treatment, minimizes residual risks and affords longterm protection, complies with ARARs (requirements of existing statutes and

regulations), minimizes short-term impacts, and how quickly it achieves

protection.

Implementabilitv. Focuses on the technical feasibility and availability of the

technologies each alternative would employ and the administrative feasibility of

implementation.

Cost. Costs of construction and any long-term costs to operate and maintain

the alternatives shall be considered. Costs that are grossly excessive

compared to the overall effectivenes s of other alternatives may be one of the

factors used to eliminate alternatives. DETAILED FEASIBILITY STUDIES. 20,000+ samples have been collected a

analyzed during the remedial investigations nearing completion. Detailed evaluation

of the findings of these studies to (1) characterize the nature and extent of the primary

contaminant heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, copper) and (2) assess the

specific risk they pose in the environment will now commence. Detailed feasibility

studies will be conducted on the limited number of alternatives identified in the SFS that represent viable approaches to remedial action. The detailed feasibility studies

can focus on particular contaminated media or specific areas of the site. As required

by the NCP, EPA will be assuring that the public have opportunities for involvement in

a wide variety of site-related decisions, including site analysis and characterization,

alternatives analysis, and selection of remedy.

(over)
Contact: Written comments on the draft final Screening Feasibility Study can be

directed to:

K en Wangerud, Remedial Project Manager California Gulch NPL Site U. S. Environmental Protection Agency

999 18th Street, Suite 500 Denver, CO 80202-2405
CALIFORNIA GULCH SITE SOURCES IN SCREENING FEASIBLITY STUDY AREA

Impounded Tailing

Non-Residential Area Soils

Smelter Debris

Fluvial Tailing

Stream Sediments

In-Residence Dust

Waste Rock Piles

Residential Area Soils

Slag
SIIEWIDE GENERAL RESPONSE ACTIONS

General Response Action Description

No Action

Institutional Controls

Containment

Removal/Transport/Disposal

Treatment

Resource Utilization

No control, or cleanup of source contamination. Serves as baseline for

comparison.

Legal and physical restrictions applied to source sites intended to

control or prevent present and future use and access to source.

Physical restrictions applied to the sources to control release of

contaminants.

Complete or partial removal of source material followed by

transportation and disposal at a differen t location.

Physical or chemical measures applied to the source material that

reduce the toxicity, mobility, and/or volume of the contaminants

present.

Use or reuse of the source material as a commercial product which, by

the use or reuses, removes the source partially or totally from the site.

Sheet 1 of 1
DESCRIPTION AND INITIAL SCREENING OF POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESS OPTIONS

General Response Actions Remedial Technology Process Option

No Action

Institutional Controls

Containment

Removal, Transport, Disposal

None

Land Use Controls

Access Restrictions

Community Awareness

Surface Water Controls

Source Surface Controls

Barriers

Removal

Transport

None

Zoning, Deed Restrictions

Fencing and Posted Warnings

Information and Education Programs

Diversion Ditches

Channelization

Grading

In-situ Mixing Revegetation

Simple Cover

Multi-Layer Cover

Retaining Structures

Sediment Dams/Traps

Constructed Wetlands

Mechanical

Excavation/Dredging

Vacuum Dredging Demolition

Decontamination

Purchase/Replacement

Truck Haulin g

Slurrying

Sheet 1 of 2
DESCRIPTION AND INITIAL SCREENING OF POTENTIALLY APPLICABLE REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESS OPTIONS

(Concluded)

General Response Actions Remedial Technology Process Option

Disposal

Treatment Physical/Chemical

Thermal Treatment

Resource Recovery

Resource Utilization

On-Site Repository

On-Site Consolidation

Underground*

Offsite Disposal*

Soil Washing

In-situ Soil Flushing*

Electrokinetics*

Physical Separation

Neutralization

Stabilization

In-situ Stabilization

Molten Glass*

Plasma Arc*

In-situ Vitrification*

Smelting*

* Process Option not retained

Sheet 2 of 2
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR IMPOUNDED TAILING

Alternative Number______________ Description_____________

1 No Action

2 Institutional Controls

3 Containment (Surface Water Control)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

4 Containment (Surface Water Control, Source Surface Control)/ Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

Source Surface Control Options: Revegetation Simple Cover Multi-Layer Cover

5 Containment (Surface Water Control, Surface Barrier)/ Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

Surface Barrier Options: . Sediment Dams/Traps Retaining Structure

Sheet 1 of 2
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATON FOR IMPOUNDED TAILING (Concluded)

Alternative • ____Number_________________Description_____• • -_____

* 6 Containment (Surface Water Control, Source Surface Control, Surface Barrier)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

Source Surface Control Options: Revegetation Simple Cover Multi-Layer Cover

Surface Barrier Options: Sediment Dams/Traps Retaining Structure

7 Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

Removal Options: • Mechanical Excavation

Transport Options: Truck Hauling

Disposal Options: On-site Consolidation

_______________On-site Repository________ _________

* Retained Alternative

Sheet 2 of 2
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR NON-RESIDENTIAL AREA SOILS

Alternative ___Number_________________Description_____________

* 1 No Action

* 2 Institutional Controls

* 3 Containment (Surface Water Control, Source Surface Control)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch

Source Surface Control Options: Revegetation Simple Cover Multi-Layer Cover

* 4 Containment (Surface Water Control, Source Surface Control, Surface Barrier)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch

Source Surface Control Options: Revegetation Simple Cover Multi-Layer Cover

Surface Barrier Options: Sediment Dams/Traps Retaining Structure

* 5 Removal/Transport/Disppsal/Institutional Controls

Removal Options: Mechanical Excavation

Transport Options: Truck Hauling

Disposal Options: On-site Consolidation

______________On-site Repository____________ ______ Retained Alternative

Sheet 1 of 1
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR SMELTER DEBRIS

Alternative Number____________ Description________

* 1 No Action

* 2 Institutional Controls

* 3 Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

Removal Options: Mechanical Excavation

Transport Options: Truck Hauling

Disposal Options: On-site Consolidation On-site Repository_______________

Retained Alternative

Sheet 1 of 1
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR FLUVIAL TAILING

Alternative Number_________________Description__________

1 No Action .

2 Institutional Controls

3 Containment (Surface Water Control, Source Surface Control)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

Source Surface Control Options: Revegetation Simple Cover Multi-Layer Cover

4 Containment (Surface Water Control, Surface Barrier)/ Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

Surface Barrier Options: Sediment Dams/Traps Retaining Structure Constructed Wetlands

Sheet 1 of 2
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR FLUVIAL TAILING

(Concluded)

Alternative Number Description __ ___

* 5 Containment (Surface Water Control, Source Surface Control, Surface Barrier)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

Source Surface Control Options:

-Revegetation Simple Cover Multi-Layer Cover

Surface Barrier Options: Sediment Dams/Traps Retaining Structure

* 6 Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

Removal Options: Mechanical Excavation

Transport Options: Truck Haulin g

Disposal Options: On-site Consolidation

____________ On-site Repository __________________

* Retained Alternative

Sheet 2 of 2
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR STREAM SEDIMENTS

Alternative Number_________________Description____________

* 1 No Action

* 2 Institutional Controls

* 3 Containment (Surface Water Control)/Institutional Controls

Surface Water Control Options: Diversion Ditch Channelization

* 4 Containment (Surface Barrier)/ Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

Surface Barrier Options: Sediment Dams/Traps Constructed Wetlands

Removal Options: Mechanical Excavation Vacuum Dredging

Transport Options: Truck Hauling Slunying

Disposal Options: On-site Repository On-site Consolidation

* 5 Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

Removal Options: Mechanical Excavation Vacuum Dredging

Transport Options: Truck Hauling Slunying

Disposal Options: On-site Repository

_______________On-site Consolidation__________________

* Retained Alternative

Sheet 1 of 1
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR IN-RESIDENCE DUST

Alternative Number Description

* 1 No Action

* 2 Institutional Controls

* 3 Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

Removal Options: Decontamination

______________Purchase or Replacement _________

* Retained Alternative

Sheet 1 of 1
SCREENIN G FEASIBILIT Y STUD Y REMEDIATION ALTERNATIVES

WASTE ROCK

Alternative 1: No Action

Alternative 2: Institutional Controls

Alternative 3: Containment (surface water controO/Institutional Controls

-Diversion Ditch or Channelization

Alternative 4: Containment (surfac e water control, surface

barriers)/lnstitutional Controls

- Diversion Ditch or Channelization

- Sediment DamsATraps , Retaining Structures

Alternative 5: Containment (surface water control, source surface

controD/lnstltutlonal Controls

- Diversion Ditch or Channelization

- Grading, Revegetation, Simple Cover, Multi-Layer Cover

Alternative 6: Containment (surface water control, source surface

control, surface barriers)/lnstltutlona! Controls

- Diversion Ditch or Channelization

- Sediment Dams/Traps or Retaining Structures

- Grading, Direct Revegetation, Borrow Cover, Multi-Layer Cover

Alternative 7: Removal/Trahsport/Dipsosal/Instltutional Controls

- Mechanical Excavation

- Truck Haulin g

- On-slte Consolidation, On-slto Repository

Alternatives Retained Alternative Removed From Further Consideration
SCREENIN G FEASIBILIT Y STUD Y REMEDIATION ALTERNATIVES

RESIDENTIA L AREA SOILS

Alternative 1: No Action

Alternative 2: Institutional Controls

Alternative 3: Containment (surface water controD/lnstitutional Controls

- Diversion Ditch or Channelization

Alternative 4: Containment (source surface controD/lnstitutional Controls

- In-sltu Mixing, Revegetatlon, Simple Cover

Alternative 5: Containment (surface water control, source surface

controD/lnstltutlonal Controls

- Diversion Ditches or Channelization

- In-situ Mixing, Revegetation, Simple Cover

Alternative 6: Removal/Transport/Dlpsosal/lnstitutional Controls

- Mechanical Excavation

- Truck Haulin g

- On-slte Consolidation, On-site Repository

Alternatives Retained Alternative Removed From Further Consideration
ALTERNATIVE EVALUATION FOR SLAG PILES

ALTERNATIVE DESCRIPTION NUMBER

* 1 No Action

* 2 Institutional Controls

-Fencing/deed restrictions/use restrictions

Source Surface Controls/Institutional Controls

-Cover piles with soil/clay mixture/ revegatate

Surface Water/Barrier/Institutional Controls

-Diversion ditches around the piles

Removal/Transport/Disposal/Institutional Controls

-Removal of piles for consolidation on site

* 6 Resource Utilization

-Railroad Ballast/Additive Material for Construction

*=Retained Alternative