:]lossary of Uraniumlnd Thorium-Bearing 

Minerals 

IQURTH EDITION 

y JUDITH W. FRONDEL, MICHAEL FLEISCHER, and ROBERT S. JONES 

: EOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1250 

1list of uranium- and thorium-containing 

vtinerals, with data on composition, type 

f occurrence, chemical classification, 

~nd synonymy 

NITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1967 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

William T. Pecora, Director 

Library of Congress catalog-card No. GS 67-278 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing, Office 

Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 30 cents (paper cover) 
CONTENTS 

Page 

Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 

Chemical classification of the uranium and thorium minerals____________ 5 

A. Uranium and thorium minerals _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 

B. Minerals with minor amounts of uranium and thorium______________ 50 

C. Minerals reported to contain uranium and thorium minerals as impurities or intergrowths_______________________________________ 61 

Index____________________________________________________________ 65 

In 

GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING 

MINERALS 

FOURTH EDITION 

By JuDITH W. FRONDEL, MicHAEL FLEISCHER, and RoBERTS. JoNES 

INTRODUCTION 

The first edition of this work was published as U.S. Geological 

Survey Circular 74 in April1950, the second edition as Circular 194 in 

February 1952, and the third edition in 1955 as U. S. Geological 

Survey Bulletin 1009-F. Research on radioactive minerals has grown 

in volume and scope, and this fourth edition, with its numerous additions, revisions, and corrections, brings the glossary up to date as of 

December 1966. 

The compilation of this glossary is part of a continuing systematic 

survey of data on uranium and thorium minerals and on minerals that 

contain small amounts of uranium or thorium. This survey consists of 

collecting authoritative chemical, optical, and X-ray diffraction data 

from the literature and of adding to these data-where inadequateby further laboratory research. The results obtained are published from 

time to time as separate papers, and a comprehensive volume on the 

mineralogy of uranium and thorium appeared in 1958 as U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1064. 

The glossary is divided into three sections: A, minerals that contain 

uranium or thorium as a major constituent; B, minerals that contain 

minor amounts of uranium and thorium; and C, minerals that probably 

do not contain uranium or thorium, but which have been reported to 

contain impurities or intergrowths of uranium or thorium minerals. 

Many of the minerals listed are highly variable in composition, some 

varieties containing much, some little uranium or thorium. The known 

range of composition is listed for each, but the variability causes the 

division of species between A and B to be somewhat arbitrary. In the 

first and second editions of this glossary, a fourth group of nearly 40 

minerals was listed as "Minerals That Should Be Tested for Uranium 

and Thorium"; these minerals had not been reported to contain 

uranium or thorium, but, on crystal-chemical grounds, they might be 

expected to show the presence of uranium or thorium if investigated 

1 
2 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

by modern methods. This list is not included in the present edition, 

but many of those minerals have been added to section B as a result 

of additional studies. 

In recent years careful studies have shown that many rock-forming 

minerals contain a few tenths of a part per million to a few parts per 

million of uranium and thorium. Data on these are not included; a 

summary is given by J. A. S. Adams, J. K. Osmond, and J. J. W. 

Rogers, "The Geochemistry of Thorium and Uranium." 1 

It is hoped that this glossary will help to alleviate the confusion that 

obscures the nomenclature of the uranium and thorium minerals. 

For many of them, the confusion will remain until more thorough research is done. Some species may always be subject to question because their type specimens have been lost, and existing specimens 

bearing the species name have been found to be other minerals. For 

instance, in section A, uranochalcite (p. 45). The synonomy has been 

given for each species, but it is hoped that the many synonyms that 

serve no useful purpose will be abandoned. Identities and group relations are indicated. A chemical classification of the uranium and 

thorium minerals has been included, and very brief statements of the 

color of the minerals and the type of occurrence have been added. 

It is beyond the scope of this publication to describe the minerals 

that are listed or to include determinative tables. Those interested are 

referred to the more comprehensive volumes listed below; and especially to "Systematic Mineralogy of Uranium and Thorium," by 

Clifford Fronde!, U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064,400 p. (1958). For most 

minerals, the present publication generally gives references to recent 

papers or to abstracts of them in the American Mineralogist, or to 

standard reference books, especially· to Dana's "System of Mineralogy." 2 

Other major works on uranium and thorium are: 

Angelelli, Victorio, 1958, Los minerales de uranio; sus yacimientos prospecci6n: 

Argentia, Com. Nac. de Energfa At6mica, Dept. Geologia y Minerfa, 160 p. 

Butschkowskyj, Miguel, 1958, Minerales radioactivos: [Buenos Aires] Inst. Nac. 

Invest. Cienc. Nat. y Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat. "Bernardino Rivadavia" 

Rev. Ser. Cienc. geol., v. 4, no. 3, p. 293-567. 

Chervet, J., and Branche, Georges, 1955, Contribution a l'etude des mineraux 

secondaires d'uranium franc;ais: Sciences de la Terre, v. 3, nos. 1 and 2, p. 

3-192. 

1 In Ahrens, L. H., and others, eds., 1959, Physics and chemistry of the earth, v. 3: London, Pergamon 

Press, p. 298-348. 

•6th edition, by E. S. Dana, New York, John Wiley & Sons (1892) (cited as Dana VI); 7th edition by 

Charles Palache, Harry Berman, and Clifford Fronde!, v. I (1944), v; II (1951), New York John Wiley & 

Sons (cited as Dana VII). 
INTRODUCTION 3 

Gettseva, R. V., and Savel'eva, K. I., 1956, Rukovodstov po opredeleniyu uranovykh mineralov [Handbook for identification of uranium minerals]: 

Moscow, Gosudar. Nauch.-Tekh. Izd. Lit. Geol. i Okhrane Nedr, 260 p. 

Heinrich, E. W., 1958, Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials: 

New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 654 p. 

Nininger, R. D., 1956, Minerals for atomic energy: 2d ed., New York, D. Van 

Nostrand Co., 399 p. 

Roubault, Marcel, 1958, Geologie de l'uranium: Paris, Masson et Cie, 462 p. 

Soboleva, M. V., and Pudovkina, I. A., 1957, Mineraly urana, spravochnik 

[Handbook of uranium minerals]: Moscow, Gosudar. Nauch.-Tekh. Izd. 

Lit. Geol. i Okhrane Nedr, 409 p. 

The index of mineral names 534 entries. These represent 260 named 

species: 185 in section A, 55 in section B, and 20 in section C. Often 

the question is asked, "How many uranium and thorium minerals are 

there?" If section A is used as the criterion, there are about 185 such 

minerals to which 300 names have been applied. 

We are indebted to many persons for suggestions and for pointing 

out errors in the previous editions, and we hope that readers will 

eontinue to inform us of any errors, omissions, or additional data. 

CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE URANIUM AND 

THORIUM MINERALS 

Arsenates: 

Abernathyite K2( U02h(As04h·6H20 

Arsenuranylite Ca(U02)4(As04)2(0H)4·6H20 

Hallimondite P~( U02) (As04h 

Heinrichite Ba( U02h(As04h·l Q-12H20 

Hiigelite Pb2(U02)a(As04h(OH)4·3H20 

Kahlerite Fe( U02h(As04h·nH20 

Metaheinrichite Ba( U02h(As04)2-8H20 

Metakahlerite Fe( U02h(As04h·8H20 

Metakirchheimerite Co( U02) 2(As04) 2·8H20 

Metanovacekite Mg(U02)2(As04h·4H20 

Meta-uranospinite Ca( U02) 2(As04h·8H20 

Metazeunerite Cu( U02h(As04h·8H20 

N ovacekite Mg( U02h(As04)2-8-lOH20 

Paulite HAI(U02)4(As04)4·l6H20(?) 

Sodium uranospinite (Na2, Ca)(U02h[(As, P)04h·5H20 

Troegerite H2( U02h(As04h·8H20 

Uranospathite Cu( U02h(As04, P04)2-l1H20(?) 

Uranospinite Ca(U02h(As04h·lOH20 

Walpurgite B4(U02) (As04)204·3H20 

Zeunerite Cu(U02h(AsO.h·lG-12H20 

See also Unnamed minerals, p. 43-44. 

Carbonates: 

Andersonite N~Ca(U02)(COah·6H20 

Bayleyite Mg2(U02) (COah·l8H20 

Liebigite C~(U02)(COah·lOH20 

Mackelveyite Near Na2B~Ca(Y, Uh(C0ah·5H20 

Metazellerite Ca(U02) (C0ah·3H20 

Rabbittite CasMga(U02h(COa)o(OH)4·18H20 

Rutherfordine (U02)C0a 

Schroeckingerite NaCaa(U02) (COah(S04)F·lOH20 

Sharpite (U02)(COa)·H20 or 6UOa·5C02·7H20 

Studtite Hydrated carbonate of U and Pb. 

Swartzite CaMg( U02)( C0ah·12H20 

Thorbastnaesite Th( Ce, Ca) ( COahF 2· 8H20 

Voglite C~Cu(U02)(COsk6H20 

Widenmannite Carbonate of U and Pb. 

Wyartite UOa·6 UOa·2C02-3Ca0-12-14H20 

Zellerite Ca(U02) (C0ah·5H20 

See also Unnamed minerals, p. 42. 

Molybdates: 

Calcurmolite Ca( U02)s(Mo04)a(OH)2.11H20 

Cousinite Mg0-2MoOs-2U02·6H20 

268-008-67--2 

5 
6 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

Molybdates-Continued 

Iriginite UOa·2Mo03·3H20 

Moluranite U02·3U03·7Mo03·20H20 

Mourite Hydrous uranous uranic molybdate. 

Sedovite U(Mo04)2(?) 

U mohoite ( U02)(Mo04) ·4H20(?) 

Wulfenite Pb(Mo, U) 0 4 

N io bates-tan tala tes-ti tana tes: 

Aeschynite (Ce,Ca,Fe+2, Th) (Ti,Nb)2(0,0H)6 

Betafite A2-zB20 6(0,0Hx), where A=Ca, Na, U, Ce; B=Nb, Ta, Ti, 

Fe. 

Brannerite AB20 6, where A= U, Ca, Fe, Th, Y; B=Ti mainly and Fe. 

Calciosamarskite Probably (Ca, Y,Ce, U, Th)a(Nb, Ta,Fe, Ti,Sn)o011;(?) 

Davidite A6B15(0,0H)a6, where A=Fe+2, rare earths, UH, Ca, Zr, Th; 

B=Ti, FeH. 

Euxenite ( Y, Ca, Ce, U, Th) (Nb, Ta, Tih06 

Fergusonite ( Y,Er, Ce,Fe) (Nb, Ta, Ti) 0 4 

Formanite (Y, U,Th,Ca)(Ta,Nb,Ti)04 

Hielmite (Y,Fe, U) (Nb, Ta,Sn, W)206 

Ishikawaite (U,Fe, Y,Ce)(Nb,Ta)O, 

Khlopinite ( Y, U, Th)a(Nb, Ta, Ti,Fe) 702oC?) 

Kobeite AB2(0,0H) 6, where A=Y, U; B=Ti mainly, Fe+3, Nb, Ta 

Loparite (Na,Ce,Thh-z(Nb,Ti)[Os-z(OH)z] 

Microlite A2B20 6(0,0H,F), where A=Na, Ca, Fe+2, UH, Sb+3, Pb, 

Th, Zr, Ce, Y; B=Nb, Ta, Ti, Sn, FeH. 

Niobo-aeschynite (Ce, Y,Ca,Fe, Th) (Nb, Ti)206 

N ohlite (Ca,Mg,Fe+2, Y, Uh(Nb,Zr,FeH)aOto 

Obruchevite (Y,Na,Ca, U)(Nb,Ta,Ti,Fe)2(0,0Hh·H20 

Pisekite Niobate-tantalate-titanate of U and rare earths, with Th 

and Sn. 

Poly erase ( Y, Ca, Ce, U, Th) (Ti, Nb, Tah06 

Priorite (Y,Er,Ca,Fe+2,Th)(Ti,Nb)206 

Pyrochlore A2B20 6(0,0H,F), whereA=Na, Ca, U, Th, Ce, Y; B=Nb, 

Ta, Ti. 

Samarskite (Y,Ce, U,Ca,Fe,Pb,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti,Sn)206 

Sinicite AB2(0,0Hh, where A=Ce, Y, Th, U; B=Ti, Nb mainly 

Thorutite (Th,Ca, U)Ti2(0,0H)6 

Yttrocrasite (Y,Th, U,Ca)2T40u(?) 

Yttrotantalite (Fe, Y, U)(Nb,Ta)04 

Zirkelite (Ca,Fe, Th, Uh(Ti,Nb,Zrh07(?) 

Oxides: 

Becquerelite 7U03·11H20 

Billietite Ba0·6U03·11H20 

Cerianite (Ce, Th)02 

Clarkeite (Na,Ca,Pb,Th,H20) U2(0,H20)7 

Compreignacite K20·6 U03·llH20 

Curite 3Pb0·8UOa·5H20 

Fourmarierite Pb0·4 U03·5H20 

Hydronasturan U02·kU03·nH20, where k=2.3 to 5.0; n=3.9 to 9.0 

Ianthininite U02·5 U03.1Q-11H20 

Masuyite UOs·2H20 

Parapitchblende Oxide of uranium, chiefly UH, minor UH. 
CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION 

Oxides-Continued 

Richetite Contains Pb and U. 

Schoepite U03-2H20 

Thorianite (Th, U) 0 2 

Uraninite (UH1-x, UHx)02 + x 

Uranosphaerite BiU04{0H) 

Urgite UOa·nH20 

Vandenbrandeite Cu U04·2H20 

Vandendriesscheite PbO· 7U03-12H20(?) 

Wolsendorfite (Pb,Ca) U201·2H20 

See also Unnamed minerals, p. 43. 

Phosphates: 

Autunite Ca(U02)2(P04h·1Q-12H20 

Bassetite Fe( U02h(P04h·8H20 

Bergenite Ba(U02)4(P04)2(0H)4·8H20 

Brockite (Ca,Th)P04-H20 

Cerphosphorhuttonite (Th, Ce) (Si,P) 0,.1.5H20 

Cheralite (Ca,Th,Ce)(P,Si)04 

Coconinoite Fe+32 Al2(U02h(P04)4(S04)(0Hh·20H20 

Dewindtite Pb3(U02)o(PO,),(OH) 4·10H20(?) 

Dumontite P~(U0 )s(P0 )2(0H) ·3H20 

Fritzscheite Mn( U02)2[ (P, V) 04h·8H20(?) 

Grayite Thorium phosphate, perhaps (Th,Pb,Ca)(PO,)·H20 

Hydrogen autunite H2(U02h(P04h·s-lOH20 

Kivuite (Th,Ca,Pb)H2(U02),(P04)2(0H)s·7H20 

Lermontovite ( U, Ca, R.E. *) a(P04) 4-6H20 

Meta-ankoleite K2(U02h(P04h·6H20 

Meta-autunite I Ca(U02h(P0,)2.2-6H20 

Meta-autunite II Ca(U02h(P04h-Q-6H20 

Metasaleeite Mg(U02h(P04h·4(?) H20 

Metatorbernite Cu(U02)2(P04h·nH20, where n=4(?) to 8. 

Meta-uranocircite Ba(U02)2(P04)2·8H20 

Monazite (Ce,La,Nd)P04, with Th substituting for (Ce,La). 

N atroautunite N ~( U02h(P04h·8H20 

Ningyoite (U,Ca,R.E.*h(P04h·l-2H20 

Parsonsite P~( U02) PO,) 2 

Phosphuranylite Ca(U02),(P0,)2(0H)4· 7H20 

Przhevalskite Pb(U02h(P04h-2H20 

Pseudo-autunite (HsOhCa( U02) (P04)2·2.5H20 

Renardite Pb(U02)4(P04)2(0H),.7H20 

Sabugalite HAl(U02)4(P04),.16H20 

Saleeite Mg{ U02h(P0,)2·8-lOH20 

Saryarkite (Ca, Y, Th)2A4(Si04,P04),(0H) -9H20 

Sodium uranospinite (Na2,Ca)(U02)2[(As,P)0,]2·5H20 

Torbernite Cu( U02h(P04)2·l2H20 

Uramphite (N~)(U0 )(P0 )-3H 0 

Uranospathite Cu( U02) 2(AsO,,P04) 2·llH20(?) 

See also. Unnamed minerals, p. 42-43. 

Selenites: 

Demesmaekerite Pb2Cus(U02)2(Se0s)6{0H)6·2H20 

Guilleminite Ba(U02)3(0H),(Se0ah-3H20 

• Rare earths. 

7 
8 GLOSSARY OF URANIDM- AND THORIDM -BEARING MINERALS 

Silicates: 

Barium uranophane Contains major Ba, U, Si. 

Beta-uranophane Ca(U02)2(SiOa)2(0H)2·5H20 

Bilibinite 3(Ca,Pb)Q.(U,Th)02·7U03·10Si02·19H20 

Boltwoodite K2( U0 )2(Si0ah(0Hh·5H:~O 

Caryocerite Borosilicate of Ce, Y, and Th. 

Cerphosphorhuttonite (Th,Ce) (Si,P)04·1.5H20 

Cheralite (Ca,Th,Ce)(P,Si)04 

Chevkinite (Ce, Y,Ca, U,Th)a(Ti,Fe,Mg)a(Si,AlhOu(?) 

Coffinite U(Si04h-z(OH)4z 

Cuprosklodowskite Cu(U02)2(SiOa)2(0H)2·5H20 

Ekanite (Th, U)(Ca,Fe,Pb)2Sis02o 

Haiweeite Ca0·2U03·6Si02·5H20 

Huttonite ThSi04 

Hydrocerite (La, Ce, Th)a(Si,P)207·5H20 

Kasolite Pb(U02)(SiOs)(OH)a 

Metahaiweeite Ca0.2UOa·6Si02·nH20 

Nenadkevite (UH, Y,Ce) U+B(Ca,Mg,Pb) (SiO,h(OH)4·nH20 

Orlite 3Pb0·3U03·4Si02·6H20 

Orthochevkinite Dimorph of chevkinite. 

Perrierite (Ce, Y,Ga,Th) 2(Ti,Fe,Mg)2(Si,Al)20u(?) 

Ranquilite 3Ca0·4 U03·10Si02·24H20 

Saryarkite (Ca, Y, Th)aA4(Si04,P04)4(0H) .9H20 

Sklodowskite Mg(U02)a(Si03h(0Hh·5H20 

Soddyite (U02)s(Si04h(0Hh·5H20 

Steenstrupine (Ce,La, Th,Ca,N ah(Mn,Fe) (Si0ah(0Hh·2H20 

Thorite ThSi04 

Thorogummite Th(Si04h-z(OH)4z 

Thorosteenstrupine ( Ca, Th, Mn) aS4( O,F) 12·5. 7H20 

Tritomite Borosilicate of Ce, Y, Th, Ca, and F. 

Uranophane Ca(U02)a(Si0ah(0Hh·5H20 

Ursilite 2(Ca,Mg)0·2U03·5Si02·9-10H20 

Usigite Rt( U02h(Si207)·nH20 

Weeksite K( U02)a(Si20sh·4H20 

Yttrialite (Y,Th)aSi207 

See also Unnamed minerals, p. 43. 

Sulfates: 

Calciouraconite Near Ca(U02) 4(S04)a(OH)&·20H20 

Coconinoite Fe2+S Al2( U0ah(P04)4(S04) (0Hh·20H20 

Cuprozippeite Cu( U02h(S04)a( 0 Hh llH20 

Johannite Cu(U02)a(S04)a(OHh·6H20 

Medjidite Supposedly a uranium sulfate. 

Meta-uranopilite (U02)a(S04) (0Hho·5Ha0(?) 

Schroeckingerite NaCa3(U02)(C03)a(S04)F·lOH20 

Uranochalcite Supposedly a uranium sulfate. 

Uranopilite (U02)6(S04)(0H) 10·12H20 

Voglianite Hydrous calcium uranium sulfate. 

Zippeite K4(U02)G(S04)a(OH)to·H20 

Tellurites: 

Moctezumite PbO· U03·2Te02 

t Meaning of R not specified. 
CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION 

Vanadates: 

Carnotite K2(U02h(V04)z.nHzO(n=l to 3) 

Ferghanite (U02)a(V04h·6H20(?) 

Francevillite (Ba,Pb) (U0zh(V04h·5H20 

Fritzscheite Mn ( U 02) 2[ (P, V) 04]2· 8H20 (?) 

Metatyuyamunite Ca(U02h(V04)z.3-5H20 

Rauvite Ca0·2U03·5V20 5·16H20(?) 

Sengierite Cu(U0zh(V04h·8-10H20 

Tyuyamunite Ca( U0zh(VO•h·5-8H20 

Uvanite U2V602t·15Hz0(?) 

Vanuralite (U02hAl(V04):z(OH) 8H20 

Vanuranylite [(HaO)t.2(Ba,Ca,K,Pb)o.4](U02)2(V04)2·4.2H20 

See also Unnamed minerals, p. 43. 

9 
A. URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

ABERNATHYITE 

K2(U02h(As04h·6H20 

Potassium member of the meta-autunite group. 

U = 45.8 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 82-90 (1956). 

AESCHYNITE (or eschynite) 

(Ce, Ca, Fe+2, Th)(Ti, Nbh(O, OH) 6 

Part of the aeschynite-priorite series. 

Th=9.9 to 25.8 percent, U=up to 2.5 percent. 

Color: Black to brown. From granite pegmatites and nepheline syenites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 793-796. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). 

Alumo-aeschynite 

Aluminian aeschynite. 

Th= 1.6 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 2101-2102 (1965). 

Lyndochite 

Variety of aeschynite, relatively high inCa and Th and low in U. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 787-791. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 35, p. 801-809 (1966). 

See also Niobo-aeschynite, p. 56. 

Thoro-aeschyni te 

A thorium-rich variety. 

Th=25.8 percent, U=0.8 percent. 

From microcline veinlets in the contact zone of biotite syenites and 

gneisses. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 2101 (1965). 

ANDERSONITE 

N a2Ca( U02) ( COa) a·6H20 

U=39.2 percent. 

Color: Bright green. Rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 239. 

ARSENURANYLITE 

Ca(U02)4(As04)2(0H)4·6H20 

Arsenic analog of phosphuranylite. 

U = 58.3 percent. 

10 

Color: Orange yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 208 (1959). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

AUTUNITE 

Ca( U02h(P04h·1Q-12H20 

U=48.3 to 50.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 984-987. 

11 

Soc. Fran«;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 4-10 

(1958). 

Calciumphosphoruranit 

Synonym of autunite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 28, p. 732 (1949). 

Calcouranit 

Synonym of autunite. 

Berg- u. Hiittenm. Zeitung., v. 24, p. 302 (1865). 

Chalco-uranite 

Synonym of autunite. 

Royal Soc. South Australia Trans., v. 68, p. 334-357 (1944). 

Lime-uranite 

Synonym of autunite. 

Brooke, H. J., and Miller, W. H., Introduction to Mineralogy, p. 519 

(1852). 

See also Meta-autunite, p. 24. 

BARIUM URANOPHANE 

Contains Ba, U, Si, with a little Mo, AI, and Ca. 

Needs further study. 

Color: Yell ow. A secondary mineral. 

United Nations Internat. Conf. on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, 

2d., Geneva, Proc., v. 2, p. 295 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 466-467 (1959). 

BASSETITE 

Fe( U02h(P04)2.8H20 

U = 51.0 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 994-995. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 30, p. 343-353 (1954). 

Iron uranite 

Incompletely examined mineral from New Mexico. 

May be bassetite or altered bassetite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 204 (1958). 

BAYLEYITE 

M~(U02) (C0a)a·18H20 

U=28.9 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 237-238. 

BECQ UERELITE 

7UOa·llH20 

Isostructural with billietite and both natural and synthetic Ca0.6UOa·11H20. 

U=75.7 percent. 

Color: Amber to yellow. Uncommon secondary mineral. 
12 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

BECQUERELITE-Continued 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1019-1024 (1953); v. 42, p. 920 (1957). 

Acad. sci. [Paris] Comptes Rendus, v. 244, p. 91-93 (1959). 

Soc. Fran<;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 246-249 

(1959). 

BERGENITE 

Ba(U02)4(P04)2(0H)4·8H20. 

Barium analog of phosphuranylite. 

U = 58.8 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. Rare secondary mineral. 

Neues Jahrb. Mineralogie Monatsh. 1959, no. 10, p. 232-233. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 918-920 (1956). 

Barium-phosphuranylite 

Synonym of bergenite. 

BETAFITE 

Essentially a uranium-rich pyrochlore. 

A2-xB206(0, OHx), withA=Ca, Na, U, Ce, Y; B=Nb, Ta, Ti, Fe+3• 

It probably forms a continuous series with pyrochlore; the name betafite 

is arbitrarly assigned to members of the series with U greater than 

15 percent. 

Color: Yellow, brown, black. 

From granitic pegmatites, alkalic rocks, carbonatites. 

U= 15-24.5 percent; Th= l.Q-1.1 percent. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 320--325 (1958). 

Canadian Mineralogist, v. 6, p. 610--633 (1961). 

Aluminobetafite 

Perhaps an aluminum-rich variety of betafite (Ab03 = 15.7 percent), 

but needs further study. 

U=18.1 percent, Th=less than 1.4 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 48, p. 1183 (1963). 

Blomstrandite 

Synonym of betafite. 

U = 16.3 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 803-804. 

Mendeleyevite 

A titanian betafite. 

U =up to 20 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 803-804. 

Samiresite 

Possibly a plumboan betafite, but perhaps an independent species. 

U=up to 18.7 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 803-805. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 51, p. 1551 (1966). 

BETA-URANOPHANE 

Ca(U02)2(SiOa)2(0H)2·5H20 

Dimorphous with uranophane. 

U =55. 6 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 245-250 (1950); v. 40, p. 634-635 (1955). 

Soc. Fran<;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 74, p. 457-488 

(1951). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

BETA-URANOPHANE-Continued 

Beta-uranotile 

Synonym of beta-uranophane. 

Ceske Spol. Nauk Vestnlk, v. 2, p. 25 {1935). 

Randite 

A mixture of beta-uranophane, some tyuyamunite, and calcite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 245-250 (1950). 

BILIBINITE 

3(Ca,Pb)O· (U, Th)02· 7 U03·10Si02·19H20 

13 

Extreme uranium member in a series of amorphous thorium-uranium 

silicates of variable composition. 

U=42.7 percent; Th=1.3 percent. 

Color: Black. Occurs as cementing material in sandstones. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 692 (1959). 

Compare Thorogummite, p. 39. 

BILLIETITE 

Ba0·6UOa·llH20 or BaU60t6(0H)6·8H20 

Isostructural with becquerelite and natural and synthetic Ca0·6 U03• 

11H20. 

Barium analog of compreignacite. 

U = 68.8 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1019-1024 (1953). 

Soc. Fran9aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 252-254 

(1959). 

BOLTWOODITE 

K2(U02)2(SiOa)2(0H)2·5H20 

U=58.2 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Secondary mineral in sandstone. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 307 (1957). 

BRANNERITE 

AB20 6 with A= U mainly, also Ca, Fe, Th, Y; B=Ti mainly and Fe. 

U=26.5 to 43.6 percent; Th=0.26 to 11.3 percent. 

Color: Black, brown, yellowish brown. In granitic rocks, placers. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 774:-775. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 109-117 (1954); v. 42, p. 30-38 (1957). 

Absite 

2U03·Th02·7Ti02·5H20 

Thorian brannerite. 

U=32.1 percent; Th= 15.6 percent. 

Color: Yellow, yellow brown, brownish olive green. 

In granodiorite and quartz veins. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 166 (1956). 

Cordobaite 

Synonym of brannerite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 333-337 (1958). 

Lodochnikite 

Synonym of brannerite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 380, 1007 (1958); v. 48, p. 1419-1420 (19639 

See also Thorutite, p. 40. 

268-008-67--3 
14 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

BROOKITE 

(Ca, Th)P04·H20 

Th= 36.8 percent. 

Color: Red and yellow. Occurs in veins in granitic rocks. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 1346-1355 (1962). 

CALCIOSAMARSKITE 

Probably (Ca, Y,Ce, U, Th)a(Nb, Ta,Fe, Ti,Sn)o0t5(?) 

U=9.4 to 11.3 percent; Th=l.9 to 2.9 percent. 

Color: Black to brown. Rare, from granite pegmatite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 772. 

CALCIOURACONITE 

Near Ca(U02)4(S04)2(0H)6·20H20 

Validity questionable. 

U=53.7 percent. 

Boldyrev, A. K., Course of descriptive mineralogy, v. 3 (1935), Leningrad and Moscow. 

CALCURMOLITE 

Ca(U02)a(Mo04)s(OH)2·11H20 

U = 39.4 percent. 

Color: Honey yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 468 (1959); v. 49, 1152 (1964). 

CARNOTITE 

K2(U02)2(V04)2·3H20 

H20 can range from 1 to 3. 

U=52.8 to 55.0 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1043-1045. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 323 (1954). 

CAR YOCERITE 

A borosilicate of Ce, Y, and Th chiefly. 

U= trace; Th= 12.0 percent. 

Color: Brown. From syenite pegmatite. 

Dana VI, p. 415. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 148. 

CERIANITE 

(Ce,Th)02 

Ce:Th=about 16:1. 

Isostructural with thorianite and uraninite. 

Th= about 4.5 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 56Q-564 (1955). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 53-55 (1958). 

CERPHOSPHORHUTTONITE 

(Th,Ce) (Si,P)04·1.5H20, with Si slightly greater than P. 

Th=35.5 percent; U= 1.4 percent. 

Color: Pale yellow to reddish brown. Occurs in amazonite pegmatite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 2099 (1965). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 15 

CHERALITE 

Phosphate-silicate of Th, Ca, and rare earths. 

Isostructural with monazite, conforming to monazite formula type 

AX04, with A=Th, Ca, Ce, La, U, Pb; X'=P, Si. 

Is essentially an intermediate member of a solid solution series apparently 

extending between monazite, CeP04, and CaTh(P04)2, known as an 

artificial compound. 

U=3.5 to 5.5 percent; Th=25.9 to 27.7 percent. 

Color: Green. Rare, from granite pegmatitie. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 30, p. 93-99 (1953). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 403 (1954). 

CHEVKINITE (or tscheffkinite) 

(Ce, Y,Ca, U,Th)2(Ti,Fe,Mg)2(Si,Alh0u(?) 

U =up to 2.3 percent; Th= up to 18.4 percent. 

Color: Black. Accessory mineral in igneous rocks. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 582-588 (1946); v. 41, p. 474-487 (1956); 

v. 44, p. 115-137 (1959). 

See also Perrierite, p. 31. 

CLARKEITE 

(N a, Ca,Pb, Th,HaOh Ua(O,HaOh 

U=64.2 to 68.0 percent; Th=2.2 percent. 

Color: Brown, reddish brown. Alteration product of uraninite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 826-838 (1954); v. 41, p. 127-133 (1956). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 95-98 (1958). 

COCONINOITE 

Fea+3 Ala(U0ah(P04)4(S04) (0Hh·20Ha0 

U=28.5 to 29.0 percent. 

Color: Light creamy yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 51, p. 651-663 (1966). 

COFFINITE 

U(Si04)t-z(OH)4:z: 

U=40.9 to 60.2 percent in concentrated, but not pure, samples. 

Color: Black very fine particles (-325 mesh), pale brown in transmitted light. Occurs in many deposits in sandstones and in hydrothermal veins. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 675-688 (1956). 

See also N enadkevite, p. 29. 

COMPREIGNACITE 

Ka0·6UOa·11HaO 

Potassium analog of billietite. 

U=71.0 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Soc. Fran93-ise, Mineralogic et Cristallographie Bull., v. 87, p. 365-371 

(1964). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 807-808 (1965). 

COUSINITE 

Mg0·2Mo0a·2UOa·6HaO 

Description of mineral inadequate. May possibly be moluranite. 

U = 48.8 percent. 

Color: Black. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 910 (1959). 
16 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

CUPROSKLODOWSKITE (or cuprosklowskite) 

Cu(U02h(SiOa)2(0H)2·5H20 

Isostructural with sklodowskite and uranophane. 

U=54.1 percent. 

Color: Greenish yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 19, p. 235 (1934). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 304-307 (1958). 

J achymovite 

Synonym of cuprosklodowskite. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 6, p. 345 (1936). 

Kieselkupfer-uranoxyd 

Synonym of cuprosklodowskite. 

Neues. Jahrb. Mineralogie, 1845, p. 297. 

C UPROZIPPEITE 

Cu(U02)2(S04)2(0Hh-11H20 

Validity questionable. 

Boldyrev, A. K., Course of descriptive mineralogy, v. 3, p. 83 (1935), 

Leningrad and Moscow. 

CURITE 

3Pb0-8 U03-5H20 

U=61.8 to 62.6 percent. 

Color: Orange red. An alteration product of uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 629-631. 

Soc. Fran9aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull. v. 78, p. 1-26 (1955); 

v. 82, p. 258-260 (1959). 

DAVIDITE 

A6B15 (0,0H)a6, where A=Fe+2, rare earths, U, Ca, Zr, Th; B=Ti, Fe+s, 

V, Cr. 

Ideal end member is FeTia07• 

U=up to 4.4 percent; Th=up to 0.12 percent. 

Color: Black. A primary mineral in high-temperature hydrothermal 

lodes. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 29, p. 101 (1950). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 563-572 (1951); v. 45, p. 700-718 (1961). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 337-341 (1958). 

Econ. Geology, v. 54, p. 64-81 (1959). 

Ferutite 

Synonym of davidite. 

U = 12.5 percent; Th= 0.06 percent. 

Color: Black. A detrital mineral. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 29, p. 101-112 (1950). 

Zapiski Vses. Mineralogie Obshch., v. 83, no. 4, p. 425 (1954). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 382-383 (1958); v. 49, p. 447 (1964). 

Mavudzite 

Probably the same as ferutite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 164 (1956). 

Ufertite 

Synonym of davidite. 

U=2.3 percent; Th=0.14 to 0.18 percent. 

Color: Brownish-black. Occurs in biotite gneisses and quartz-biotite 

schists. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 378-379 (1958); v. 49, p. 447 (1964). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 17 

DA VIDITE-Continued 

Unnamed mineral from T~te district of Mozambique 

Possibly AB3(0,0Hh, where A=Fe+2, rare earths, UH, Ca, Na, Zr, 

Th; B=Ti, Fe+a, V, Cr. 

Probably davidite. 

U=2.7 percent; Th=0.06 to 0.12 percent. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 29, p. 101-112 (1950). 

DEMESMAEKERITE 

Pb2Cu5(U02)2(Se0a)6(0H)&·2H20 

U = 22.5 percent. 

Color: Bottle green to clear olive green. Occurs in lower part of oxidation 

zone. 

Soc. Francaise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 88, p. 422-425 

(1965). 

DEWINDTITE 

Pba(U02)5(P04)4(0H)4·10H20(?) 

Isostructural with phosphuranylite and renardite; possibly identical with 

renardite. 

U=49.5 percent. 

Color: Canary yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 87 5. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 756-763 (1950); v. 39, p. 444-451 (1954); 

v. 41, p. 921 (1956). 

Stasite 

Synonym of dewindtite. 

D ROOG MAN SITE 

No chemical analysis has been made. 

May be related to sklodowskite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 11, p. 168 (1926). 

DUMONTITE 

Pb2(U02)a(P04)2(0H)4·3H20 

U=46.5 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 928-929. 

EKANITE 

(Th, U) (Ca,Fe,PbhSis02o 

U= 1.8 percent; Th=24.0 percent. 

Color: Green. Occurs in gem-bearing gravel, Ceylon. 

Nature, v. 190, no. 4780, p. 997 (1961). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 1516 (1961). 

ESCHYNITE. See Aeschynite, p. 10. 

EUXENITE 

(Y,Ca,Ce, U,Th) (Nb,Ta,Tih06 

Part of the euxenite-polycrase series. 

U=0.6 to 12.45 percent; Th=up to 14.2 percent. 

Color: Black. From granite pegmatites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 787-791. 

Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 61, p. 129-132 (1950). 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). 
18 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

EUXENITE-Continued 

Delorenzite 

Originally described as (Y, U,Fe)(Ti,SnhOs, but recently shown to be 

tanteuxenite. 

U=6.6 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 808. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 32, p. 308-313 (1959). 

Eschwegeite 

Tantalian variety of euxenite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 927 (1951). 

Oliveiraite 

Alteration product of euxenite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 791. 

Tanteuxenite 

Variety of euxenite with Ta substituting for Nb. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 787, 789-790. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 386-400 (1950). 

Titanoniobite 

Allied to euxenite. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 11, p. 232 (1951). 

FENGHUANGLITE (or Feng-huang-shih) 

An unnecessary name for thorium-rich britholite. 

(Ca,Ce,La, Th)5[(Si,P,C)041a(O,OH) (?) 

Th= 17.3 percent. 

Color: Yellowish brown. From nepheline hyroxenite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 754-755 (1960); v. 48, p. 211. 

Fynchenite 

Russian transliteration of Feng-huang-shih. 

FER GRANITE 

Possibly (U02)a(V04h·6H20 

Perhaps leached or weathered tyuyamunite. Poorly defined; needs 

further study. 

U=62.2 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1048. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 26D-281 (1958). 

FE RG USONITE 

(Y,Er,Ce,Fe)(Nb,Ta,Ti)04 

Part of the fergusonite-formanite series. 

U 0.8 to 7.2 percent; Th=0.7 to 6.0 percent. 

Color: Black; alters to brown and yellow. From granite pegmatites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 757-762. 

Soc. Fran~aise Mineralogic et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 338 (1958) 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). · 

Adelpholite 

Synonym of fergusonite(?) 

A poorly defined substance, possibly an altered mossite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 762, 778-779. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

FERG USONITE-Continued 

Alpha-fergusonite 

Tetragonal fergusonite. 

Arrhenite 

An altered fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 762. 

Beta-fergusonite 

Monoclinic fergusonite. 

Bragite 

Synonym of fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 757, 759, 761. 

Kochelite 

Synonym of fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 757, 761. 

Risorite 

Synonym of fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 758-759, 760-762. 

Rutherfordite (not the same as Rutherfordinc) 

An altered fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 757, 759-760, 762. 

Sipylite 

Synonym of fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 757, 759-760, 762. 

Tyrite 

Synonym of fergusonite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 757, 760-761. 

FORMANITE 

(Y,U,Th,Ca)(Ta,Nb,Ti)04 

Part of the fergusonite-formanite series. 

U = 1.1 percent; Th= 1.1 percent. 

Color: Black. From placers. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 758, 760, 762. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). 

FO URMARIERITE 

Pb0·4UOa·5H20 

U = 64.6-65.3 percent. 

Color: Orange red. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 33, p. 619-621 (1948). 

19 

Soc. Fran<;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 260-261 

(1958). 

FRANCEVILLITE 

(Ba,Pb) ( U02h(V04) 2·5H20 

Apparently the barium analog of meta-tyuyamunite. 

U = 45.8 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral; occurs in sandstone. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 180 (1958). 
20 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

F RITZSCHEITE 

Mn( U 02h[ (P, V) 04l2·8H20 (?) 

No analysis available. May be the manganese analog of torbernite. 

Color: Reddish brown to hyacinth red. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 984. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 195-196 (1958). 

GRAYITE 

A thorium phosphate, no analysis given, with structure like that of 

rhabdophane, perhaps (Th,Pb,Ca) P04·H20 

Color: Yellow, powdery. From pegmatite. 

Great Britain Geol. Survey, Summary of Progress for 1956, p. 67 (1957). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962). 

Compare Ningyoite, p. 29. 

G UILLEMINITE 

Ba(U02)3(0H)4(SeOa)2·3H20 

U = 53.8 percent. 

Color: Canary yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Soc. Fran~aise Mineralogie et Crystallographic Bull., v. 88, p. 132-135 

(1965). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 2103 (1965). 

GUMMITE 

Generic term for minerals occurring as alteration product of uraninite 

and not otherwise identified. 

Group includes silicates, phosphates, and oxides. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 622-625. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 539-568 (1956). 

Eliasite 

Synonoym of gummite. 

U=57.2 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 622-624. 

Pittinite 

Synonym of gummite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 622-624. 

Yttrogummite 

Yttrian variety of gummite. 

An alteration product of yttrian uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 622-624. 

See also Urgite, p. 46. 

HAIWEEITE 

Ca0·2U03·6Si02·5H20 

State of hydration uncertain. 

U = 52.8 percent. 

Color: Pale yellow to greenish yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogi::1t, v. 441, p. 839-843 (1959). 

Gastunite 

Synonym of haiweeite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 311-312 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 52 (1960). 

Neues Jahrb. Mineralogie Monatsh. 1960, p. 37-47. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

HALLIMONDITE 

Pb2( U02) (As04h 

U = 28.1 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1143-1157 (1965). 

HEINRICHITE 

Ba(U02h(As04h·1D-12H20 

21 

Formula assumed on basis of similarity of X-ray powder pattern to 

that of zeunerite. 

U=40.7 to 41.9 percent. 

Color: Yell ow to green. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1134-1147 (1958). 

Sandbergerite 

Synonym of heinrichite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1135 (1958). 

HIELMITE (or hjelmite) 

AB20 6 or A2Bs01o, where A= Y, FeH, UH, Mn, Ca; B=Nb, Ta, Sn, W. 

U=4.0 to 4.3 percent. 

Color: Black. From pegmatite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 779-780. 

HtJGELITE 

Pb2(U02)s(As04)2(0H)4·3H20 

No analysis, formula by analogy to dumontite, with which it is isostructural. 

Color: Brown to orange yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 418-419 (1962). 

HUTTONITE 

ThSi04 

Dimorph of thorite, isostructural with monazite and cheralite. 

Th= 71.6 percent. 

Color: Colorless to pale cream. Rare mineral from granitic pegmatites, 

alaskite granite, and placers. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 6Q-69 (1951). 

See also Cerphosphorhuttonite, p. 14. 

HYDROCERITE 

(La, Ce, Th)2(Si,P)207·5H20 

Amorphous, gives a ceritelike X-ray pattern when heated, and is perhaps 

related to rhabdophane. 

Th= 13.3 percent. 

Color: Yellow to honey yellow. Occurs in alkalic pegmatite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1132 (1960); v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962). 

HYDROGEN AUTUNITE 

H2(U02h(PO(h·8-10H20 

U=51.7 to 54.3 percent. 

Color: Pale yellow. Rare secondary mineral. 

United Nations Internat. Conf. on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, 

2d, Geneva, Proc., v. 2, p. 298-299 (1958). 

268-008~67--4 
22 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

HYDRONASTURAN 

U02·k UOa·nH20 

k=2.3 to 5.0; n=3.9 to 9.0 percent. 

Of doubtful validity, presumably an altered pitchblende. 

U = 10.5 to 45.0 percent. 

Color: Black to bottle green. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 442-443 (1957). 

IANTHINITE 

U02·5UOa·10-11H20 

This has been known also as "ianthinite frangais," and is not to be confused with "ianthinite," redescribed as wyartite. 

U=75.6 percent. 

Color: Violet black. Rare secondary mineral. 

Soc. Fran~aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 8o-86. 

(1959). 

Am. Mineralogist. v. 44, p. 1103-1104 (1959). 

IRIGINITE 

U03·2Mo03·3H20 or U(Mo04)2(0Hh·2H20 

U=38.7 percent. 

Color: Canary yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 379 (1958); v. 45, p. 257-258 (1960); v. 49 

p. 408-414 (1964). 

ISHIKA WAITE 

(U, Fe, Y, Ce)(Nb, Ta)04 

U = 19.3 percent. 

Color: Black. Rare, from granite pegmatites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 766. 

JOHANNITE 

Cu(U02)2(S04)2(0H)2·6H20 

U = 50.8 percent. 

Color: Green. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 606-607. 

Gilpinite 

Synonym of johannite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 11, p. 1-5 (1926). 

Peligotite 

Cu0·2 UOs·2S03·3H20 

Probably the same as johannite. 

U=45.1 percent. 

Color: Green yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 40, p. 369 (1955). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull., 1064, p. 135 (1958). 

Uranvitriol 

Synonym of johannite. 

Chern. Untersuch., v. 5, p. 254 (1821). 

KAHLE RITE 

Fe( U 02) 2 (As04) 2·nH20 

Formula assumed from qualitative tests. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

KAHLE RITE-Continued 

Arsenate analogue of bassetite. Needs further study. 

U=46.8 percent(?). 

Color: Yellow to yellow green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Der Karinthin, v. 23, p. 277-280 (1953). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 1038 (1954). 

KASOLITE 

Pb(U02) (SiOa) (OHh 

U=40.5 percent. 

Color: Yell ow to brown. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 7, p. 128-129 (1922). 

Acad. Royale Belgique Bull. Cl. Sci., v. 25, p. 654 (1939). 

Compare Orlite, p. 30. 

KHLOPINITE (or chlopinite, or hlopinite) 

(Y, UH, Th)a(Nb, Ta, Ti,Feh02o(?) 

May be related to euxenite-polycrase. 

U r=7.2 percent; TH= 1.9 percent. 

Color: Black. From pegmatites. 

Dana VII, v. 1., p. 792. 

KIVUITE 

(Th,Ca,Pb)H2(U02)4(P04h(OH)s·7H20 

23 

Stated to be the thorium analog of phosphuranylite. Needs further study. 

U=52.3 percent; Th=7.3 percent. 

Color: Yellow. Earthy. From pegmatites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 1326-1327 (1959). 

KOBEITE 

Perhaps AB2(0,0H)e 

A= Y, U; B= Ti mainly, Fe+3, Nb, Ta. 

U=8.4 to 10.7 percent; Th=0.7 to 1.0 percent. 

Color: Black. From a pegmatite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 925 (1951); v. 42, p. 342-353 (1957). 

LERMONTOVITE 

(U,Ca,R.E. *)a(P04).·6H20 

Needs further study. Possibly identical with ningyoite. 

U =44.3 percent. 

Color: Grayish green. Occurs in zone of cementation of hydrothermal 

deposits. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 379-38((1958). 

LIEBIGITE 

C~(U02)(C03)a·10H20 

U = 33.5 percent. 

Color: Green, yellow green. Rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 240. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 251-254 (1950). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 108-112 (1958). 

Flutherite 

Synonym of liebigite. 

• Rare earths. 
24 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

LIEBIGITE-Continued 

Kalk-uran-carbonat 

Synonym of liebigite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 108 (1958). 

Uranothallite 

Synonym of liebigite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 241. 

MACKELVEYITE (or mckelveyite) 

Near Na2Ba4Ca(Y, U)2(C03)9·5H20 

U=3.9 percent; Th=0.09 percent. 

Color: Dark green or black; rarely apple green. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 593-612 (1965}. 

MASUYITE 

U03·2H20 

Probably isostructural with vandendriesscheite. Analysis of authentic 

material yielded no lead. 

U=73.9 percent. 

Color: Yellow to orange yellow. Rare secondary mineral. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 78-81 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1026-1061 (1960). 

MEDJIDITE 

Supposedly a uranium sulfate. 

Validity of species is questionable. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 600. 

META-ANKOLEITE 

K2(U02)2(P04)2·6H20 

U=49.6 to 50.6 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral found in granitic pegmatite 

and in sandstone. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 52, p. 560 (1967). 

META-AUTUNITE I 

Ca(U02)2(P04)2·2-6H20 

Apparently not formed directly in nature, but most field and museum 

specimens of autunite have been dehydrated to this phase. 

U=53 to 59 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 985. 

Soc. Franc;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 4-10 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 99-128 (1960); v. 48, p. 1389-1393 (1963). 

See also Autunite, p.ll. 

Metakalkuranite 

Synonym of meta-autunite. 

Centralbl. Mineralogie, 1901, p. 709. 

META-AUTUNITE II 

Ca( U02) 2(P04) 2·D-6H20 

Not found in nature. Meta-autunite I passes into this phase on heating 

to about 80°C. 

U = 53.0 to 61.8 percent. 

Color: Yellow. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

META-AUTUNITE 11-Continued 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 985. 

25 

Soc. Frangaise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull. v. 81, p. 4-10 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 99-128 (1960). 

See also Autunite p. 11; Meta-autunite I, above. 

Para-autunite 

Ca(U02)2(PO.)a 

Completely dehydrated autunite. Equals meta-autunite II. 

U = 61.8 percent. 

Strunz, Hugo, Mineralogische Tabellen, 4th ed., 1966, p. 313; Leipzig, 

Akad. Verlag., 560 p. 

METAHAIWEEITE 

Ca0-2U03-6Si02·nH20, where n=less than 5. 

No analysis, apparently a dehydration product of haiweeite. 

A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 839-843 (1959). 

METAHEINRICHITE 

Ba(U02)2(As04)2·8H.a0 

U=43.3 percent. 

Color: Yellow to green. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1134-1147 (1958). 

Arsenuranocircite 

Synonym of metaheinrichite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 466 (1959). 

Metasandbergerite 

Synonym of metaheinrichite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1135 (1958). 

MET AKAHLERITE 

Fe(U02)2(As04).a·8H.a0(?) 

No analysis made; microchemical tests showed Fe, As, U. X-ray powder 

pattern and optics indicate it is a meta form. 

U=45.7 percent. 

Color: Sulfur yellow to yellowish green. A secondary mineral. 

Geol. Landesamt Baden-Wurttemberg Jahresh., v. 3, p. 17-51 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 254 (1960). 

METAKIRCHHEIMERITE 

Co( UO.ah(As04h·8H.a0 

Microchemical analysis shows presence of Co, U, and As. 

X-ray powder pattern shows it is a meta form. 

U = 46.6 percent. 

Color: Pale rose. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 466 (1959). 

METANOV ACEKITE 

Mg( U02).a(As04).a.4H.a0 

Partly dehydrated form of novacekite. 

U=52.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow. 

Strunz, Hugo, Mineralogischen Tabellen, 4th ed., 1966, p. 312; Leipzig, 

Akad. Verlag., 560 p. 

Soc. Frangaise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 71 (1958). 
26 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

METASALEEITE 

Mg( U 02) 2CP04) 2·4H20 (?) 

U=65.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat. Atti, ser. A, v. 55, p. 248-254 (1958). 

META TORBERNITE 

Cu(U02hCP04)2·nH20, where n= 4(?) to 8. 

U = 50.8 to 55.0 percent. 

Color: Green. A common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 991. 

U.S Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 298 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 49, p. 1603-1621 (1964). 

See also Torbernite, p. 41. 

Metachalcolite 

Synonym of metatorbernite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 991. 

Metakupferuranit 

Synonym of metatorbernite. 

Centralbl. Mineralogie, 1901, pl. 618. 

METATYUYAMUNITE 

Ca(U02h(V04)2·3-5H20 

Lower hydrate of tyuyamunite. 

U=52.9 to 55.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 187-201 (1956). 

META- URANOCIRCITE 

Ba( U02h(P04h·8H20 

Belongs to the meta-series of hydrates of the metatorbernite group and 

was known originally as uranocircite. 

U=47.1 percent. 

Color: Yell ow green. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 476 (1953). 

Soc. Fran!;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull,. v. 80, p. 32-38 

(1957). 

Uranocircite 

Now recognized as meta-uranocircite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 476 (1953). 

Bariumphosphoruranit 

Synonym of uranocircite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 28, p. 732 (1949). 

META-URANOPILITE 

(U02)6(S04) (OH)10'5H20(?) 

Recent work indicates validity of species is doubtful. 

U=72.3 percent(?). 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 582-583. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 958 (1954). 

Soc. Frangaise Mineralogic et Cristallographie Bull., v. 78, p. 1-26 

(1955). 

See also Uranopilite, p. 45. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

MET A-URANOPILITE-Continued 

Beta-uranopilite 

Synonym of meta-uranopilite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 582. 

META- URANOSPINITE 

Ca(U02)2(As04)2·8H20 

It is uncertain whether this lower hydrate occurs naturally. 

U=46.4 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

27 

Geol. Landesamt Baden-Wfuttemberg Jahresh., v. 3, p. 17-51 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 254 (1960). 

See also Uranospinite, p. 46. 

METAZELLERITE 

Ca(U02) (C0ah·3H20 

U = 49.2 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist v. 51, p. 1567-1578 (1966). 

METAZE UNERITE 

Cu(U02)2(As04)2·8H20 

U = 46.4 percent. 

Color: Green. A common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 993-994. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 249-255 (1951). 

MICRO LITE 

A2B20 6(0 OH,F), where A=Na, Ca, Fe+2, UH, Sb+a, Pb, Th, Zr, Ce, 

Y; B=Nb, Ta, Ti, Sn, Fe+3• 

In pyrochlore-microlite series, with Ta greater than Nb. 

U=up to 10.4 percent; Th=0.2 percent. 

Color: Pale yellow, amber to dark brown. In granitic pegmatites and 

in pegmatites related alkalic igneous rocks. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748-754. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 326-333 (1958). 

Bismutomicrolite 

Variety of microlite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1223 (1958). 

Calciotantalite 

Possibly a mixture of microlite and tantalite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 787. 

Djalmaite 

Synonym of microlite. 

Acad. Brasileira Ci~nc. Anais, v. 22, p. 139-140 (1950). 

Haddamite 

Synonym of microlite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748. 

Metasimpsonite 

An alteration product of simpsonite; later identified with microlite. 

Dana VII, vl. 1, p. 748, 755. 
28 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

MICRO LITE-Continued 

N eotantalite 

An altered microlite with composition close to tantalite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 750--751, 753. 

Niobtantalpyrochlore 

Synonym of microlite. 

Chemie der Erde, v. 7, p. 56 (1932). 

Tantalpyrochlore 

Synonym of microlite. 

Chemie der Erde, v. 7, p. 56 (1932). 

MOCTEZUMITE 

PbO. UOs·2Te02 

U=24.2 percent. 

Color: Bright orange. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1158-1163 (1965). 

MOLURANITE 

U02·3 UOs· 7Mo0s·20H20 

U = 36 percent. 

Color: Black. Occurs in fissures in granulated albitite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 380 (1958); v. 45, p. 258 (1960). 

MONAZITE 

(Ce,La,Nd)P04, with Th substituting for (Ce,La) and Si for P. 

Th is normally from a few percent to 10.6 percent, but series probably 

extends to 26.4 percent. U is usually less than 0.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow, brown, reddish brown. Widely disseminated as an accessory mineral in granites, gneisses, and pegmatites. In placer deposits. 

Rarely in veins. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691-696. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 150--160 (1958). 

Compare Cerphosphorhuttonite and cheralite, p. 14, 15. 

Cryptolite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

Edwardsite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

Eremite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

Guadarramite 

An intergrowth of radioactive monazite and some ilmenite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 1061 (1952). 

Korarfveite 

Impure monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

Mengite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

MO~ AZITE-Continued 

Monazitoid 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

Phosphocerite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

Turnerite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691, 695. 

Urdite 

Synonym of monazite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 691. 

MOURITE 

Hydrous uranous uranic molybdate. 

U = 18.5 percent. 

Color: Violet. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 1217 (1962). 

N ATROA UTUNITE (or sodium autunite, or soda-autunite) 

N a2( U02)2(P04) 2·8H20 

A member of the meta-autunite group. 

U = 46.7 percent. 

Color: Yellow. From granodiorite massifs. 

29 

The geology of uranium, 1958, p. 66-69. Tranolated from Russian by 

Consultants Bur., Inc. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 383 (1958). 

NEN ADKEVITE 

(UH, Y,Ce) UH(Ca,Mg,Pb) (Si04)2(0H)4·nH20 

Much like coffinite, but perhaps distinct from it. Probably a high Umember in serieo thorite-uranothorite-nenadkevite (not to be confused with nenadkevichite). 

U = 19.2 to 55.0 percent; Th= 0.009 to 0.3 percent. 

Color: Black, greenish black, brown to reddish brown, orange and 

yellow. Occurs in zone of sodium metasomatism of iron-uranium 

deposits. 

The geology of uranium, 1958, p. 43-55. Translated from Russian by 

Consultants Bur., Inc. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 441-442 (1957). 

NINGYOITE 

(UH,Ca,R.E.*h(P04h·1-2H20. 

Has a structure similar to that of rhabdophane. 

U = 20.4 percent. 

Color: Brownish green to brown. Occurs as coatings or filling cavities 

in U ore. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 633-650 (1959). 

*Rare earths. 

268-008-67--5 
30 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

NOHLITE 

(Ca,Mg,Fe+2, Y, U) 2(Nb,Zr,Fe+3)a01o 

Validity of species is doubtful. 

U= 13.0 percent. 

Color: Brownish black. From a feldspar quarry. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 772-773. 

NOVACEKITE 

Mg(U02)2(As04)z-8-10H20 

Arsenate end-member of saleeite-novacekite series. 

U=51.6 to 53.7 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 680-686 (1951). 

N ovacekite I and II 

Various hydrates of novacekite. 

Soc. Franc;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 71 (1958). 

OBRUCHEVITE 

(Y,Na,Ca, U)(Nb,Ta,Ti,Fe)2(0,0H)7.H20 

A member of the pyrochlore group with Y predominant. 

U=8.1 to 10.9 percent; Th=0.1 tp 0.2 percent. 

Color: Brown to chocolate brown. From granitic pegmatites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 797 (1958). 

Y ttrobetafite 

A uranoan variety of obruchevite. 

U = 10.9 percent; Th= 1.1 percent. 

Color: Greenish black. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 49, p. 440-441 (1964). 

ORLITE 

3Pb0·3UOa·4Si02·6H20 

Close to kasolite. Needs further study. 

U=38.1 percent. 

Color: Light cream to yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 381 (1958). 

ORTHOCHEVKINITE 

Complex alumino-silicate of Ti, Fe, Mg, Ca, Th, Ce, and rare earths. 

Polymorph of chevkinite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 115-137 (1959). 

PARAPITCHBLENDE 

Oxide of uranium, chiefly UH, minor UH. 

N arne given provisionally to material requiring further study. Probably 

a gummite-type alteration product of uraninite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 792-793 (1958). 

PARSONSITE 

Pb2(U02) (P04)z 

U=24.7 to 28.8 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 913-914. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 245-250 (1950). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

PAULITE 

Perhaps the arsenate analog of sabugalite. 

HAl(U02)4(As04)4·l6H20 (No analysis.) 

Color: Light yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 465 (1961). 

PERRIERITE 

(Ce,Ca, Y,Th)2(Ti,Fe,Mg)2(Si,Al)2011 (?) 

Perhaps a polymorph of chevkinite. 

Th= 3.6 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 926 (1951); v. 44, p. 115-137 (1959). 

PHOSPHURANYLITE 

Ca(U02)4(P04)2·(0H)4·7H20 

Isostructural with renardite and dewindtite. 

U =.63.3 percent. 

Color: Deep to golden yellow. A secondary mineral. 

31 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 35, p. 756-763 (1950); v. 39, p. 444-451 (1954). 

PISEKITE 

An ill-defined minerai, essentially a niobate-tantalate-titanate of U and 

rare earths, with Th and Sn. May be related to ampangabeite. 

Color: Yellowish brown to black. From granite pegmatite. 

Narodni Mus., Prague, Casopis Mineralogic Geologie, v. 1, p. 2 (1923). 

Dana VII, v.1, p. 807-808. 

POLYCRASE 

(Y,Ca,Ce, U,Th)(Ti,Nb,Ta)206 

Part of the euxenite-polycrase series. 

U=5.5 to 12.4 percent; Th=up to 4.7 percent. 

Color: Black. From granite pegmatites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 787-791. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). 

PRIORITE 

(Y,Er,Ca,Fe+2, Th) (Ti,Nb)206 

Part of the aeschynite-priorite series. 

U=0.4 to 3.4 percent; Th=0.5 to 14.9 percent. 

Color: Black. From granite pegmatites and nepheline syenites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 793-796. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). 

Blomstrandine (or blomstrandinite) 

Synonym of priorite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 793-796. 

PRZHEVALSKITE (or prjevalskite) 

Pb(U02h(P04h·2H20 

U =48.9 percent. 

Color: Bright greenish yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 381-382 (1958). 

PSEUDO-AUTUNITE 

(Ha0)2Ca(U02) (P04)2·2.5H20 

Chemical and X-ray results indicate that the mineral is not a member 

of the autunite or meta-autunite group. 

U=44.2 percent. 

Color: Pale yellow to white. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1505-1506 (1965). 
32 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

PYROCHLORE 

A2B20 6(0,0H,F), where A=Na, Ca mainly, also Fe+2, UH, Sb+3, Pb, 

Th, Ce, Y; B=Nb, Ta, Ti mainly, also Sn, Fe+3, W. 

In pyrochlore-microlite series, with Nb greater than Ta. 

U=up to 1.4 percent, usually, but as much as 17.1 percent in some 

varieties; Th=up to 5.5 percent. 

Color: Pale yellow, amber to dark brown. In pegmatites derived from 

alkalic igneous rocks. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748-754. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 326-333 (1958). 

See also Betafite, p. 12; microlite, p. 27; obruchevite, p. 30; pandaite, p. 56; 

and wiikite, p. 48. 

Azor-pyrrhit 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Naturw. Ver. Preuss. Rheinlande u. Westfalens Sitzungsber., v. 43, p. 

217 (1886). 

Chalcolamprite 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 750, 754. 

Ellsworthite 

An altered uranoan variety of pyrochlore related to hatchettolite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 750-752, 755. 

Endeiolite 

Similar in composition to chalcolamprite. 

An altered pyrochlore(?). 

Dana VII, v. 1,jp. 748, 754. 

Fluochlore 

Synonym of pyrochlore(?). 

Jour. Prakt. Chemie, v. 50, p. 186-187 (1850). 

Hatchettolite 

Uranoan variety of pyrochlore. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 750-752, 754. 

Hydrochlore 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Jour. Prakt. Chemie, v. 50, p. 186-187 (1850). 

Koppite 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 754. 

Marignacite 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 750-752, 755. 

Niobpyrochlore 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Chemie der Erde, v. 7, p. 56 (1932). 

Priazovite 

Probably a variety of pyrochlore. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 268 (1965). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

PYROCHLORE-Continued 

Pyrrhite 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 748, 752, 754. 

Uranpyrochlore 

Synonym of pyrochlore. 

Uppsala Univ. Geol. Inst. Bull. 3, p. 181 (1896). 

RABBITTITE 

CaaMga(UOa)2(COa)6(0H)4·18HaO 

U=31.1 percent. 

Color: Pale green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 40, p. 201-206 (1955). 

RANQUILITE 

3Ca0·4 UOa·10Si02·24H20(?) 

Doubtful, needs further study. 

U = 39.7 percent. 

Occurs in fissures in gypsum 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1078-1086 (1960). 

RAUVITE 

Ca0-2UOa·5V20s·16H20(?) 

U=26.1 percent. 

Color: Purplish to bluish black. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1058. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1009-B, p. 13-62 (1954). 

RENARDITE 

Pb(U02)4(P04)2(0H)4·7Hz0 

Isostructural with phosphuranylite and dewindtite. 

U=57.3 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 928. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 444-451 (1954). 

RICHETITE 

Contains Pb and U. 

Color: Black. A rare secondary mineral. 

33 

Soc. Belge Geologie, Paleontologie, et Hydrologie Bull., v. 70, p. 212-225 

(1947). 

Soc. Frall(~aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 264-265 

(1959). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 33, p. 384 (1948). 

R UTHERFORDINE 

(U02)COa 

U = 72.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 274-275. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 127-122; p. 844-850 (1956). 

Diderichite 

Synonym of rutherfordine. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 127-133 (1956). 
34 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

SABUGALITE 

HAl(U02),(P0.),·16H20 

U = 53.6 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 671-679 (1951). 

SALEEITE 

Mg( U02) 2CPO,) 2·8-1 OH20 

Phosphate end-member of the saleeite-novacekite series. 

U = 50.9 to 53.0 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 988-989. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 680-686 (1951). 

Magnesium-phosphoruranit 

Synonym of saleeite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 28, p. 732 (1949). 

SAMARSKITE 

( Y, Ce, U, Ca,Fe,Pb, Th) (Nb, Te, Ti,Sn)206 

U=8.4 to 16.6 percent; Th=up to 3.7 percent. 

Color: Velvet black to brown. From granite pegmatites. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 797-800. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31, p. 763-780 (1958). 

Ampangabeite 

Synonym of samarskite. 

Soc. Fran9aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 83, p. 295-309 

(1960). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 770 (1961). 

Annerodite 

Samarskite with parallel overgrowths of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 797, 799. 

Eytlandite 

Synonym of samarskite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 797. 

Hydroeuxenite (or ampangabeite) 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 806. 

Hydrosamarskite 

An altered samarskite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 799-800. 

Nuevite 

Synonym of samarskite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 358 (1951). 

Plumboniobite 

A niobate of Y, U, Pb, Fe, and rare earths. 

May be a plumbian variety of samarskite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 800. 

Rogersite 

Probably an altered samarskite. 

Of doubtful validity. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 800. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

SAMARSKITE-Continued 

Toddite 

A mixture of samarskite and columbite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 1363-1379 (1962). 

Uranotantalite 

Synonym of samarskite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 797. 

Vietinghofi te 

Supposedly a ferroan samarskite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 800-801. 

Yttro-ilmenite 

Synonym of samarskite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 797. 

SARYARKITE 

(Ca, Y, Th)2Al4(Si04,P04)4(0H) ·9H20 

Apparently a member of the rhabdophane group. 

Th= 6.8 to 8.0 percent. 

35 

Color: White. Occurs in propylitized acid effusives and in altered 

granitic rocks. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 49, p. 1775-1776 (1964). 

SCHOEPITE (or schoepite I) 

UOa·2H20 

U = 71.9 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 627-628. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 72-78 (1958). 

Soc. Franc;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 242-244 

(1959). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1026-1061 (1960); v. 50, p. 235-239 (1965). 

Epiianthinite 

Yellow pseudomorphous alteration of ianthinite; identical with schoepite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 32, p. 344-350 (1947); v. 44, p. 1104 (1959). 

Metaschoepite (or schoepite II) 

Closely related to schoepite; contains less H20. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1026-1061 (1960); v. 50, p. 235-239 (1965). 

Paraschoepite (or schoepite III) 

Closely related to schoepite; contains less H20. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 32, p. 344-350 (1947); v. 33, p. 513-514 (1948); 

v. 45, p. 1026-1061 (1960); v. 50, p. 235-239 (1965). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 72-78 (1958). 

SCHROECKINGERITE 

NaCaa(UOz)(COa)a(S04)F·10HzO 

U = 26.8 percent. 

Color: Greenish yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 236. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 901-907 (1954). 

Dakeite 

Synonym of schroeckingerite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 236. 
36 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

SCHROECKIN G ERITE-Continued 

N eogastunite 

Synonym of schroeckingerite. 

Mineralog. petrog. Mitt., v. 2, p. 311-312 (1951). 

SEDOVITE 

U(Mo04)2(?) 

U = 36 percent. 

Color: Brown to reddish brown. A secondary mineral from the oxidation 

zone. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 51, p. 530 (1966). 

SENGIERITE 

Cu(U02h(V04)2.8-lOH20 

U=47.0 to 48.7 percent. 

Color: Yellowish green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1047. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 258-260 (1958). 

SHARPITE 

Perhaps (U02)(COa)·H20 or 6UOa-5C02·7H20 

Composition needs to be checked. 

U=68.4 to 68.6 percent. 

Color: Greenish yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 275. 

SINICITE 

Perhaps AB2(0,0Hh, where A=Ce, Y, U, Th; B=Ti, Nb mainly. 

U=5.0 to 5.7 percent; Th=7.0 to 7.3 percent. 

Needs further study; may be a variety of aeschynite. 

Color: Blackish brown to reddish brown. Occurs in granite pegmatite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 467 (1959). 

SKLODOWSKITE (or sklodovskite) 

Mg(U02)2(Si0ah(OH)2·5H20 

Isostructural with uranophane and cuprosklodowskite. 

U =56.6 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 300-304 (1958). 

Chinkolobwite (or shinkolobwite) 

Synonym of sklodowskite. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 3, p. 115 (1926). 

SODDYITE (or soddite) 

(U02)a(Si04)2(0Hh·5H20 

U = 71.8 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A secondary mineral. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 3, p. 371 (1927). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 312-315 (1958). 

SODIUM URANOSPINITE 

(Na2,Ca)(U02h[(As,P)04]2·5H20 

A member of the meta-autunite group. 

U = 48.5 percent. 

Color: Yellow green to lemon and straw yellow. 

A secondary mineral in a primary hydrothermal deposit. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 383-384 (1958). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

SODIUM URANOSPINITE-Continued 

Ellweilerite 

Probably a Ca-free variety of sodium uranospinite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 465 (1961). 

STEENSTR UPINE 

(Ca,La, Th,Ca,Na)2(Mn,Fe) (Si03)2(0Hh·2H20 

Th=1.9 to 9.96 percent; U=up to 0.18 percent. 

Color: Brown to black. From syenite and alkalic rock pegmatites. 

Dana VI, p. 415. 

37 

Vlasov, K. A., Kuz'menko, M. V., and Es'kova, E. M., The Lovozero 

alkali massif, 1959, p. 418-422, Moscow, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 

lzdatel. (in Russian). 

Manganosteenstrupine 

A variety of steenstrupine with high Mn content. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1132 (1960). 

Compare Thorosteenstrupine, p. 40. 

STUDTITE 

Hydrated carbonate of U and Pb. 

Species not well defined. 

Color: Yell ow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 275. 

SWARTZITE 

CaMg(U02) (C0ah·12H20 

U = 32.6 percent. 

Color: Green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 238-239. 

THO RBASTN AESITE 

Th(Ce,Ca) (COa)2F2·3H20 

Th=41.0 percent; U =0.09 percent. 

Color: Brown. Accessory mineral in iron-rich albitites; selvages of veinlets and stockworks. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1505 (1965). 

Compare Bastnaesite, p. 52. 

THORIANITE 

Includes alpha-, beta-, and gamma-thorianite. 

(Th, U)02 

Forms complete series with uraninite. 

Division between thorianite and uraninite at Th:U=1:1 atomic ratio 

U=up to 44.6 percent; Th=43.4 to 87.9 percent. 

Color: Gray, black, brownish black. From placers. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 62Q-622. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 47-53 (1958). 

Aldanite 

A uranoan plumboan thorianite. 

U=12.4 to 16.7 percent, Th=56.5 to 60.9 percent. 

Soviet Geol., 1941, no. 6, p. 105-107. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 40, p. 369 (1955). 

U ranothorianite 

Synonym for thorianite containing U. 

Am. Jour. Sci., v. 26, p. 47 (1933). 
38 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIDM-BEARING MINERALS 

THO RITE 

ThSi04 

U=up to 10.1 percent; Th=25.2 to 64.1 percent. 

Color: Yell ow, brown, black. From nepheline syenites and granites. 

Dana VI, p. 48Q-490. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Canadian Mineralogist, v. 6, p. 1-4 (1957). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 265-276 (1958). 

See also Varieties listed under thorogummite, p. 39; hydrocerite, p. 21. 

Auerlite 

Phosphatian variety of thorite or thorogrummite with (P04): (SiO.) = 

0.8: 1. 

Am Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 267-277 (1958). 

Calciothorite 

May be calcian variety of thorite or thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 277 (1958). 

Enalite 

Uranoan variety of thorite or thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 18, p. 223 (1933); v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 279 (1958). 

Eucrasite 

Possibly a variety of thorite or thorogummite high in rare earths. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 278-279 (1958). 

Ferrothorite 

An altered variety of thorite; high in Fe. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 14, p. 78 (1929); v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 279 (1958). 

Freyalite 

Variety of thorite high in rare earths. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Jiningite 

A variety of thorite high in Fe20 3 (17.28 percent), P205 (6.08 percent) 

and V20s (0.97 percent). 

Th=39.4 percent; U=0.39 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 755 (1960). 

Mozambikite 

Possibly a variety of thorite or thorogummite. 

Th=51.7 percent; U=5.1 percent. 

Internat. Geol. Cong., 21st, Copenhagen, Rept., pt. 17, p. 53-62 (1960). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1317 (1960). 

Orangite 

Synonym of thorite. 

Dana VI, p. 488-489. 

Shentulite (or shen-t'u-shih) 

A variety of thorite; high in P20 5 (5.16 percent) and A~06 (3.62 percent). 

Th = 46.4 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 755 (1960). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

THORITE-Continued 

Silicosmirnovskite 

Similar to smirnovksite, but with Si>P. 

Th= 39.8 percent. 

Probably thorite or thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962). 

Smirnovskite 

39 

Abbreviated theoretical formula: (Th,Ca,Ce) (P,Si,Al) (OH) (O,OH,F)4 

Probably a phosphate-rich metamict thorite, near auerlite. 

U=0.08 percent; Th=45.0 to 46.7 percent. 

Color: Reddish brown to dirty brown; also orange, yellow, or colorless. 

Occurs in cassiterite-feldspar-quartz veins. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 386-387 (1958). 

Uranothorite 

Uranoan variety of thorite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 5.57-562 (1951). 

Wisaksonite 

Uranoan variety of thorite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 825-829 (1954). 

Yanshainshynite 

Probably a phosphatian thorite. 

Th=37.7 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 1200-1201 (1961). 

THOROGUMMITE 

Th(Si04)t-xCOH)4z 

Isostructural with thorite. 

U = 2.5 to 31.4 percent; Th= 18.2 to 50.8 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

See also Varieties listed under thorite, p. 38-39. 

Compare Coffinite, p. 15. 

Chlorothori te 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Hyblite 

Includes alpha- and beta-hyblite. 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 280 (1958). 

Hydrothorite 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Hydroxyl-thorite 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 280 (1958). 

Mackintoshite 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 
40 GLOSSARY OF URANIDM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

THOROGUMMITE-Continued 

Maitlandite 

2(Pb,Ca) 0-3Th02·8Si02·23H20 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

U=31.3 percent; Th=21.7 to 22.7 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Zapiski Vses. Mineralog. Obshch., v. 87, p. 667-674 (1958). 

Nicolayite 

2(Pb,Ca)0-3Th02·4 U02·8Si02-21H20 

Synonym of thorogummite. 

U= 31.1 percent; Th=21.5 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Pilbarite 

A mixture of thorogummite and kasolite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 908-910 (1957). 

THOROSTEENSTR UPINE 

(Ca, Th,Mn)aS4(0,F)12·5-7H20 

Th=31.2 percent. 

Color: Dark brown, nearly black. Occurs in metasomatic veins. 

Zapiski Vses. Mineralog. Obshch., v. 91, p. 325-330 (1962). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 48, p. 433-434 (1963). 

THOR UTITE (or torutite) 

(Th,Ca, U)Ti2(0,0H)6 

Thorium analog of brannerite. 

U=2.2 percent; Th=47.5 percent. 

Color: Black. Occurs in syenite massif. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1007 (1958); v. 48, p. 1419-1420 (1963). 

Smirnovite 

Synonym of thorutite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1007 (1958). 

THUCHOLITE 

A complex of uraninite with hydrocarbons. 

U=up to 53 percent in the ash. Th=up to 48 percent in the ash. 

Color: Black. Mainly from pegmatite dikes. 

Great Britain Geol. Survey Bull., v. 3, p. 1-19 (1951). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 802 (1953) 

Econ. Geology, v. 55, p. 1716-1738 (1960). 

Anthraxolite 

A nickeliferous and uraniferous hydrocarbon. 

U=0.003 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 19, p. 426-428 (1934). 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 121. 

Asphaltite (or asphaltum) 

Includes solid bituminous hydrocarbonas knowns as albertite, impsonite, 

gilsonite, grahamite, and uintahite. 

U = 0.001 percent. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 15, p. 417 (1910). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

THUCHOLITE-Continued 

Broggite 

A variety of asphaltite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 24, p. 604 (1937). 

Carbocer 

A material similar to thucholite, high in Ce. 

Great Britain Geol. Survey Bull., v. 3, p. 3 (1951). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 804 (1953). 

Carburan 

A hydrocarbon complex related to thucholite. 

U=4.3 percent. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 6, p. 437 (1936). 

Grahamite 

A uraniferous hydrocarbon like thucholite. 

41 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 121. 

Sogrenite 

An organo-uranium complex like thucholite. 

U = 9.8 to 16.6 percent, from microchemical analysis of inorganic part. 

Color: Black. In ankerite-calcite veins cutting Upper Precambrian 

limestone. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 382 (1958). 

Titanothucholite 

Titanian variety of thucholite. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 9, p. 37 (1944). 

TORBERNITE 

Cu( U02)2(P04h·12H20 

U=47.1 percent. 

Color: Green. A common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 981-984. 

Bee also Metatorbernite, p. 26. 

Chalcolite (or chalkolith) 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 981. 

Copper uranite 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 981. 

Cuprouranit 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 981. 

Kupferphosphoruranit 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 28, p. 732 (1949). 

Torberite 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Brooke, H. J., and Miller, W. H., Introduction to Mineralogy, p. 517 

(1852). 
42 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

TORBERNITE-Continued 

Uranite 

Synonym of torbernite-autunite group. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 981-984. 

Uran-mica 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Jameson, Robert, System of Mineralogy (1820). 

Uranphyllit 

Synonym of torbernite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 981. 

TRITOMITE 

A borosilicate of Ce, Y, Th, Ca, and F; exact formula uncertain. 

Th=7.5 to 8.3 percent. 

Color: Dark brown. From nepheline syenite pegmatite. 

Dana VI, p. 416. 

TROEGERITE 

Probably H2(U02)2(As04h·8H20 

New analysis is needed. 

U = 55.1 percent. 

Color: Lemon yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1159-1168 (1953). 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 966-967. 

TSCHEFFKINITE. See Chevkinite, p. 15. 

TYUY AM UNITE 

Ca(U02)2(V04)2·5-8H20 

U=49.4 to 54.1 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A common secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1045-1047. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 248-253 (1958). 

See also Metatyuyamunite, p. 26. 

Calciocarnotite 

Synonym of tyuyamunite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, P. 1045. 

UMOHOITE 

Close to (U02)(Mo04)·4H20(?) 

U=47.4 percent. 

Color: Black to bluish black. A rare secondary mineral. 

U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, RME-3046, p. 45, April, 1953. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 657-660 (1957); v. 44, p. 92Q-925, 1248-

1260 (1959). 

UNNAMED MINERALS 

(Antipov, 1900) 

Essentially Cu(U02) (C03) 2·10H20 

U=37.6 percent. 

Gesell. Mineralog. St. Petersburg Verh., v. 38, p. 38 (1900). 

(Belova and others, 1963) 

(U02)a(P04h-8H20 

Phosphate analog of troegerite. 

Voprosy Prikladnaya Radiogeol. Sbornik, 1963, p. 174-177. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 265-266 (1965). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

UNNAMED MINERALS-Continued 

( Chernik, 1922) 

Ill-defined vanadate of Cu and U. 

Has same qualitative chemical composition as sengierite. 

U=32.5 percent. 

Acad. Sci. URSS Bull., v. 16, p. 505-514 (1922). 

( Chirvinsky, 1925) 

43 

An incompletely described mineral presumed to contain U by virtue 

of its properties and association. May be a variety of metatyuyamunite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 20, p. 287 (1925). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 257 (1958). 

(Fronde!, 1956) 

Mineral A 

An oxide of U, or a uranate, containing Pb, K, Na, Ca, and Ba. 

Color: Orange yellow or golden yellow. From pegmatites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 560 (1956). 

Mineral B 

Possibly the calcium analog of kasolite. 

Color: Straw yellow to pale yellowish brown. From pegmatites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 56Q-561 (1956). 

(Melkov, 1946) 

Contains Bi, U, P04, and H20. Na, Kin traces. 

May be the phosphate analog of walpurgite. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 383 (1958). 

(Protas, 1957) 

Ca0-6UOa-11H20 

Calcium analog of becquerelite. 

U=74.2 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A secondary mineral. 

Acad. Sci. [Paris] Comptes Rendus, v. 244,p. 91-93 (1957). 

Soc. Fran9aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 246-249 

(1959). 

(Protas, 1959) 

Contains U, Sr, Ca, H20. 

U=69.8 percent. 

Color: Reddish orange. A secondary mineral. 

Soc. Fran9aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull. v. 82, p. 250-252 

(1959). 

Dehydration of the above mineral gives a product with an X-ray powder 

pattern identical to that of a pale mineral found in very small 

amounts with the above. 

(Soboleva and Pudovkina, 1957) 

(Cu,Ca) (U02h[(P,As) ]a·18H20(?) 

Uranium mica of mixed composition. Needs further study. 

U=35.5 to 40.0 percent. 

Color: Green to yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Mineraly urana, spravochnik, Moscow, 1957, p. 202. 
44 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

UNNAMED MINERALs-Continued 

(Walenta, 1958) 

Mineral D, Mineral E 

Contains U and As. 

Color: Citron yellow. Secondary minerals. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 56Q-561 (1956). 

Soc. FranQaise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 70 

(1958). 

Geol. Landesamt Baden-Wurttemberg Jahresh. v. 3, p. 17-51 

(1958). 

URACONITE 

This name has been used for uranium sulfates, but lacks specific meaning 

and should be abandoned. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 600. 

URAMPHITE 

(NH4) (U02) (P04) .3H20 

Possibly a member of the meta-autunite or meta-torbernite groups. 

U = 54.5 percent. 

Color: Bottle green to pale green. Occurs in oxidized zone of a uraniumcoal deposit. 

The geology of uranium, 1958, p. 56-60, translated from Russian by 

Consultants Bur., Inc. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 464 (1959). 

URANINITE 

Ideally U02, but better expressed as (UH -:~:, U+O:~:)OH:~:· 

Usually somewhat oxidized and varying in composition to at least 

(UH, UH)Q2.6• 

Also contains Th, Pb, Y, and other rare earths in solid solution. Forms 

complete series with thorianite. Division between uraninite and 

thorianite at U: Th= 1:1. 

U=46.5 to 88.2 percent; Th=zero to 45.3 percent. 

Color: Velvety brownish, grayish, and greenish black. In granite and 

syenite pegmatites (crystals); in hydrothermal sulfide veins (pitchblende); in sandstone-type deposits. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611-620. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 363-385 (1952). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 11-47 (1958). 

See also Hydronasturan, p. 22; para pitchblende, p. 30. 

Broggerite 

A thorian variety of uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611-614. 

Cleveite 

A variety of uraninite containing rare earths. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611-614. 

Coracite 

Synonym of uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611, 615, 617. 

Nasturan 

Synonym of pitchblende. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611, 614, 617. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

URANINITE-Continued 

Nivenite 

A variety of uraninite containing rare earths. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611, 613-615, 617. 

Pitchblende 

A colloform, fine-grained variety of uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611-619. 

Ulrichite 

Synonym of uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611, 613, 617. 

Uranatemnite 

Synonym of uraninite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 12 (1958). 

Uranoniobite 

Synonym of uraninite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 611, 613. 

Uranopissite 

Synonym of uraninite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 16, p. 374 (1913). 

URANOCHALCITE 

An ill-defined uranium sulfate of doubtful validity. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 600. 

URANOCHER 

45 

A generic term used chiefly for uranium sulfates; also used for some 

uranium oxides. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 581, 598. 

URANOPHANE 

Ca(U02)2(Si0ah(0Hh · 5H20 

Dimorphous with beta-uranophane; isostructural with sklodowskite and 

cuprosklodowskite. 

U = 55.6 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A common secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 40, p. 634-645 (1955); v. 42, p. 594-618 (1957). 

Lambertite 

Synonym of uranophane. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 11, p. 155-157 (1926). 

Uranotil (or uranotile) 

Synonym of uranophane. 

Dana VI, p. 699. 

URANOPILITE 

(U02)6(S04) (0H) 10 ·12H20 

U=67.9 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 581-582. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 950 (1952). 

See also Meta-uranopilite, p. 26. 
46 GLOSSARY OF URANIDM- AND THORIDM-BEARING MINERALS 

URANOSPATHITE 

Cu(U02)2(As04,P04h·11H20(?) 

U=46.0 percent(?). 

Color: Yellow to pale green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 990. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 30, p. 343-353 (1954). 

URANOSPHAERITE (or uranospherite) 

BiU04(0H) 

U=45.1 percent. 

Color: Orange to red. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 905-908 (1957). 

Soc. Fran!{aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 265-268 

(1959). 

URANOSPINITE 

Ca(UOah(AsO.h ·10H20 

U=45.9 percent. 

Color: Yell ow to green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 99Q-991. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1159-1168 (1953). 

Calciumarsenuranit 

Synonym of uranospinite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 28, p. 732 (1949). 

URGITE (or urhite, or urhyte) 

UOa·nH20 

Possibly a mixture equivalent to "gummite." 

U=58.9 to 59.2 percent. 

Color: Reddish yellow to amber yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 442 (1957). 

URSILITE 

2(Ca,Mg)0·2U03·5Si02·9-10H20 

Calcium ursilite, with Ca predominant; magnesium ursilite, with Mg 

predominant. 

U=41.4 to 42.1 percent. Inadequately described. 

Color: Lemon yellow. Occurs along joints in quartz porphyries. 

The geology of uranium, 1958, p. 61-65, translated from Russian by 

Consultants Bur., Inc. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 464-465 (1959). 

USIGITE (or usihite, or usihyte) 

R f(U02hSi207·nH20 

Inadequately described mineral. 

Color: Yellow. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 1008 (1958). 

UVANITE 

U2VB02t·15H20(?) 

U = 34.3 percent(?) 

Color: Brownish yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1056. 

fMeaning of R not specified. 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

VANDENBRANDEITE 

CuU04·2H20 

U=59.3 percent. 

Color: Blackish green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 632-633. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 394-410 (1951). 

U ranolepidi te 

Synonym of vandenbrandeite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 19, p. 235-236 (1934). 

VANDENDRIESSCHEITE (or vandendriesscheite I) 

Pb0·7U03·12H20(?) 

U=68.3 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 18, p. 2Q-24 (1933). 

47 

Soc. Beige Geologie, Paleontologie, et Hydrologie Bull., v. 70, p. 212-225 

(1947). 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 81-87 (1958). 

Soc. Frangaise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 261-264 

(1959). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1026-1061 (1960). 

Metavandendriesscheite (or vandendriesscheite II) 

A phase related to vandendriesscheite and perhaps a lower hydrate. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 1026-1061 (1960). 

VANURALITE 

(U02)2Al(V04)2(0H) ·8H20 

U=50.0 percent. 

Color: Citron yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Acad. Sci. [Paris] Comptes Rendus, v. 256, p. 5374-5376 (1963). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 48, p. 1415-1416 (1963). 

VANURANYLITE 

[(Ha0)1·2(Ba,Ca,K,Pb)o.4](U02)2(V04)2·4.2H20 

An oxonium member of the carnotite group. 

U = 48.5 percent. 

Color: Bright yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Zapiski Vses. Mineralog. Obshch. 94 (4) p. 463-465 (1965). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 51, p. 1548 (1966). 

VOGLIANITE 

A hydrous calcium and uranium sulfate of doubtful validity. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 600. 

VOGLITE 

Ca2Cu( U02) ( COs)4·6H20 

U=31.3 percent. 

Color: Green. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 237. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 126-128 (1958). 

Uran-Kalk-Kupfer-Carbonat 

Synonym of voglite. 

Reichsanst. Wien Geol. Jahrb., v. 4, p. 220 (1853). 
48 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

WALPURGITE 

Probably B4(U02) (As04)204·3H20 

U = 15.9 percent. 

Color: Yell ow. A rare secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 796-797. 

W altherite (or walpurgite) 

The name waltherite (1857) has priority over walpurgite (1877), but the 

description of waltherite is so inadequate that the name should be 

dropped. 

Chemie der Erde, v. 17, p. 341-345 (1955). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 960 (1956); v. 42, p. 121 (1957). 

WEEKSITE 

K( U02)2(Si20oh·4H20 

U = 43.4 percent. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 39-52 (1960). 

The "gastunite" described in Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 1047-1056 

(1959) is weeksite. 

WIDENMANNITE 

Carbonate of U and Pb. 

No analysis. Needs further study. 

Color: Yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 415 (1962). 

WIIKITE 

Ill-defined material high in Nb, Ta, Ti, and Y, now found to be variable 

mixtures of euxenite and obruchevite. 

U=up to 13.2 percent; Th=up to 3.7 percent. 

Finlande Comm. Geol. Bull. 82, p. 1-68 (1928); Bull. 115 p. 213-229 

(1936); Bull. 149, p. 1-76 (1950). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 812 (1962). 

Nuolaite 

A mixture similar to wiikite. 

Th= 1.8 to 3.5 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 801. 

WOLSENDORFITE 

(Pb, Ca) U201·2H20 

This is "Mineral C" of Frondel (1956), now a validated species. 

U=58.1 percent. 

Color: Red, orange red. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 41, p. 561 (1957); v. 42, p. 919 (1957). 

Soc. Franc;aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 82, p. 256-257 

(1959). 

WYARTITE 

U02·6U03·2C02·3Ca0.12-14H20 

This was described as ianthinite (not "ianthinite franc;ais" of Bignand), 

but is now recognized as a distinct species. 

U=66.8 to 67.7 percent. 

Color: Violet black. Rare secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 40, p. 943-944 (1955); v. 44, p. 908 (1959); v. 45, 

p. 20D-208 (1960). 
URANIUM AND THORIUM MINERALS 

YTTRIALITE 

(Y,Th)2Sh07 

Possibly thalenite, with muchTh. 

U=0.7 to 4.0 percent; Th=4.6 to 10.5 percent. 

Color: Olive green. From granitic pegmatites. 

Dana VI, p. 512. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 12, p. 531 (1955). 

YTTROCRASITE 

(Y, Th, U, Ca)2Ti40u(?) 

U=3.3 percent; Th=7.3 percent. 

Color: Black. From granite pegmatite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 793. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 13, p. 565-566 (1958). 

ZELLE RITE 

Ca(U02) (COah5H20 

U=44.8 percent. 

Color: Lemon yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 51, p. 1567-1578 (1966). 

ZEUNERITE 

Cu(U02h(As04)a. 10-12H20 

U=47.7 to 49.5 percent. 

Color: Green. A secondary mineral. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 905-908 (1957). 

Mineralog. Petrog. Mitt., v. 9. p. 111-135 (1964). 

K upferarsenuranit 

Synonym of zeunerite. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 28, p. 732 (1949). 

ZIPPEITE 

~(U02)6(S04)a(OH)to·H20 

Related species contain N a, Co, Ni, Mg, Fe, or Zn. 

U = 63.4 percent. 

Color: Orange yellow. A secondary mineral. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 598. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 394, 950 {1952). 

49 

United Nations Internat. Conf. on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, 

2d, Geneva, Proc., v. 2, p. 278-285:(1958). 

Dauberite 

Possibly a synonym of zippeite. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 1064, p. 141 (1958). 

ZIRKELITE 

(Ca,Fe, Th, U)2(Ti,Nb,Zrh01(?) 

U = 1.4 percent; Th= 6.4 percent. 

Color: Black. From alkalic pyroxenite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 740. 
B. MINERALS WITH MINOR AMOUNTS OF URANIUM 

AND THORIUM 

ABUKUMALITE 

(Y, Th,Ca)s(Si04,P04,Al04)a(O,F) 

Related to apatite. 

Th=up to 0.8 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 24, p. 66 (1939). 

Strunz, Hugo, Mineralogische Tabellen, 4th ed., p. 291, Leipzig Akad. 

Verlags. (1966). 

ALLANITE 

(Ca,Ce,Thh(Al,Fe,Mg)aSia012(0H) 

U=up to 2.95 percent, but is usually only a few hundredths of a percent. 

Th= up to 4.35 percent. 

Dana VI, p. 522-526. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 36, p. 223-248 (1951); v. 42, p. 367-378 (1957); 

v. 49, p. 1159-1178 (1964). 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 11, p. 434-435 (1952). 

Soc. Fran9aise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 78, p. 257-261 

(1955); v. 81, p. 15Q-153 (1958). 

Akad. Nauk SSSR Doklady, v. 129, p. 916-918 (1959) (in Russian). 

Bagrationite 

Variety of allanite. 

N arne also refers to cerian variety of epidote. 

Dana VI, p. 518-519. 

Bodenite 

Related to muromontite in composition. 

Dana VI, p. 526. 

Bucklandite 

Synonym of allanite. 

Dana VI, p. 522-523, 525. 

Muromontite 

Apparently related to allanite but contains yttrium and beryllium. 

Dana VI, p. 526. 

Nagatelite 

Phosphatian variety of allanite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 16, p. 343-344 (1931). 

Orthite 

Synonym of allanite. 

Dana VI, p. 522-526. 

Treanorite 

Synonym of allanite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 29, p. 456 (1954). 

Uralorthite 

50 

Synonym of allanite. 

Dana VI, p. 523-525. 
MINERALS WITH MINOR AMOUNTS OF U AND TH 51 

ALLANITE-Continued 

Wasite 

Altered allanite. 

Dana VI, p. 526. 

Xanthorite 

Altered allanite. 

Dana VI, p. 522-523, 525. 

Yttro-orthite (or yttrium orthite) 

Variety of allanite with high Y content. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 23, p. 639 (1934). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 49, p. 1159-1178 (1964). 

ANCYLITE 

(Ce,La) (Sr,Ca) (C03)2(0H)·H20 

Th=0.18 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 127. 

ANGLESITE 

Pb804 

A highly radioactive anglesite, with activity presumably due to radium, 

has been reported. 

Great Britain Geol. Survey, Summary of Progress for 1957, p. 59 (1958). 

Compare Barite, p. 52. 

APATITE 

Ca5(P04)s(F,OH,Cl) 

U =up to 0.08 percent in apatite from igneous rocks, but is usually less 

than 0.01 percent; Th=up to 0.003 percent. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 314-D, p. 45-90 (1958). 

Adams, J. A. S., Osmond, J. K. and Rogers, J. J. W., The geochemistry 

of thorium and uranium in Ahrens, L. H. and others, Physics and 

chemistry of the earth: v. 3, London, Pergamon Press, p. 314 (1959). 

Carbonate-fluorapatite 

A carbonatian variety of apatite, the principal constituent of marine 

phosphorites, concretions, and fossil bone. 

U =up to 0.85 percent, more commonly 0.005-0.02 percent. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 314-D, p. 45-90 (1958). 

Uran-apatite 

A uranoan apatite. 

U reported to be 1.4-3.3 percent. Needs further stud:v. 

Soc. Franc;aise mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 81, p. 337 (1958). 

BADDELEYITE 

Zr02 with minor Hf, Ti, and Fe+S. 

May contain appreciable Th and minor U. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 125. 

Brazilite 

Mixture of baddeleyite, zircon, and altered zircon. 

U =up to 0.8 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 125. 
52 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

BADDELEYITE-Continued 

Caldasite 

Mixture similar to brazilite. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 125. 

Zirkite 

Mixture similar to brazilite. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 125. 

BARITE 

(Ba,Pb, Ra)S04 

Anglesobarite 

Synonym of hokutolite. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 408, 411. 

Hokutolite 

Plumboan variety of barite. Radioactive. 

Probably contains Ra, Th, U. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 408, 411. 

Radio barite 

Synonym of hokutolite. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 127. 

BAS TN AESITE 

(Ce,La)FCOa 

U and Th present, but usually less than 1 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 289-291. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 932-963 (1953). 

See also Thorbastnaesite, p. 37. 

Buszite 

Synonym of bastnaesite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 406 (1954). 

Hydroxy 1-bastnaesite 

(Ce,La) (C03) (OH,F) 

Th=0.44 percent. 

Color: Waxy yellow to dark brown. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 50, p. 805 (1965). 

BRITHOLITE 

(Ca,Ce) 5[(Si,P)04]a(OH,F) 

Apatite group. 

U=up to 1.9 percent; Th=up to 17 percent but is usually less than 2 

percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials 

1958, p. 148. 

Compare Abukumalite, p. 50. 

See also Fenghuanglite, p. 18. 
MINERALS WITH MINOR AMOUNTS OF U AND TH 53 

BRITHOLITE-Continued 

Alumobritholite 

An aluminum-rich britholite. 

Th= up to 8.0 percent. 

Color: Yellowish brown, slightly green. Occurs in pegmatites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 1514-1515 (1961). 

Pravdite 

An altered britholite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 48, p. 709 (1963); v. 49, p. 1501 (1964). 

CAPPELENITE 

(Ba,Ca,Ce,La,Na)a(B0a)2(Si0a) 

Th=up to 0.71 percent. 

Strunz, Hugo, Mineralogische Tabellen, 4th ed., p. 359, Leipzig Akad. 

V erlags. ( 1966). 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 148. 

CERITE 

A cerium silicate with minor Ca and Fe. Formula uncertain. 

U = 0.4 percent; Th= 0.3 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 24, p. 381-404 (1940). 

See also Hydrocerite, p. 21. 

CHINGL USUITE 

A complex silicate of N a, Mn, Ca, and Ti, and contains small amounts 

of Th, U, and rare earths. 

Th= 0.05 percent; U =up to 0.39 percent. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 7, p. 222 (1938). 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 148. 

CORDYLITE 

(Ce,La)2Ba(C0a)F:~ 

Th= 0.26 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 285-287. 

CRANDALLITE 

CaAla(P04)2(0H)s·H20 

U=up to 0.06 percent. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 300, p. 495-504 (1956). 

French West Africa, Serv. Geol. et Prospect. Miniere Bull. 25, p. 1-84 

(1959). 

Pseudowa velli te 

Synonym of crandallite. 

DOVE RITE 

YFCOa·CaCOa(?) 

Yttrium analog of synchysite(?). 

U=0.18 percent; Th=1.4 percent, but monazite was present. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 92-98 (1960); v. 47, p. 337-343 (1962). 

EPIDOTE 

C~(Al,Fe)a(Si04)a(OH) 

U=up to 0.14 percent; Th=up to 0.05 percent. 

Am. Geophys. Union Trans., v. 38, p. 939-944 (1957). 

Akad. N auk SSSR Doklady, v. 127, p. 865-868 (H)59) (in Russian). 
54 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

ERIKITE 

(La,Ce)z(P,Si)04·H20 

Th=0.28 to 1.01 percent. 

Color: Yellow green, greenish yellow. Occurs in sodalite syenite 

pegmatites. 

The type erikite from Greenland has been shown to be monazite (Am. 

Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 1329 (1959)), but the Kola Peninsula mineral 

appears to be different. 

Perhaps a silicatian rhabdophane. 

Vlasov, K. A., Kuz'menko, M. V. and Es'kova, E. M., The Lovozero 

alkaline massif, 1959, p. 425-427, lzdatel. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 

Moscow (in Russian). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962). 

FERSMITE 

(Ca,Ce,Na) (Nb, Ti,Fe,Alh(O,OH,F)& 

U=0.02 percent; Th=0.42 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 32, p. 373 (1947); v. 44, p. 1-8 (1959). 

FLOREN CITE 

CeAla(P04)2(0H)& 

Radioactivity derived from thorium present. 

South Australia Dept. Mines Geol. Survey Bull. 30, p. 132 (1954). 

GADOLINITE 

Be2Fe Y2Si201o 

U=up to 0.25 percent; Th=up to 1.5 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials 

1958, p. 142. 

Calciogadolinite 

Variety of gadolinite. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 142. 

GAGARINITE 

N~Ca2 Ya(F,Cl)u 

Th= 0.44 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 805 (1962). 

HELLANDITE 

Near Caa Y4B4Si6021·3H20 

Th= 0.54 to 1.28 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 148. 

HIBONITE 

(Ca,R.E.*) (Al,Fe+a, Ti,Mg)120u, 

U=0.01 percent or Th=0.1 percent, from radioactivity. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 119 (1957). 

KARNASURTITE 

(Ce,La, Th) (Ti,Nb) (Al,Fe) (Si,P)20 7(0H) 4·3H20 

Amorphous, gives a monazite-like X-ray pattern when heated. 

Th=2.48 to 4.47 percent. 

Color: Honey to pale yellow. Occurs in sodalite syenite pegamtites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 1133-1134 (1960); v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962). ----- .Rare earths. 
MINERALS WITH MINOR AMOUNTS OF U AND TH 55 

KARNASURTITE-Continued 

Kozhanovite 

KOLM 

Synonym of karnasurtite. 

Material resembling oil shale. 

Form in which uranium is present is unknown. 

U = 0.43 percent. 

Washington Acad. Sci. Jour., v. 21, p. 409-414 (1931). 

LOPARITE 

(Na,Ce, Th)I-z(Ti,Nb) [Oa-x(OH) :.:1 

A member of the perovskite group. 

U=up to 0.17 percent; Th=usually less than 1 percent. (For exception 

see irini te below.) 

Color: Brown to black. Occurs in nepheline syenite pegmatite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 732-733. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 125-126. 

Irinite 

A thorian loparite. 

Th= 11.4 percent. 

Akad. Nauk SSSR Doklady, v. 97, p. 725-728 (1954). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 40, p. 369 (1955). 

Nioboloparite 

A niobian loparite. 

Th= 1.0 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 792 (1958). 

LOVOZERITE 

A complex silicate of Ti and Zr. 

Th= 0.50 percent. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 7, p. 468-469 (1940). 

LUESHITE 

(N a, Ca, Ce) (Nb, Ti) Oa 

A member of the perovskite group. 

Th=up to 2.9 percent. 

Akad. Nauk SSSR Doklady, v. 171, p. 956-959 (1966). 

MELANOCERITE 

Chiefily a borosilicate of the Ce and Y metals. 

Th= 1.5 percent. 

Dana VI, p. 414-415. 

See also Caryocerite, p. 14. 

MILLISITE 

(Na,K)CaA16(P04),(0H)u·3H20 

U=0.03 to 0.04 percent. 

U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 300, p. 495-504 (1956). 

Pallite 

A ferrian variety of millisite. 

U = 0.01 to 0.015 percent. 

Acad. Sci. [Paris] Comptes Rendus, v. 239, p. 288-290 (1954). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 256-257 (1960). 
56 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

MOSANDRITE 

General formula Na2Ca4CeTiSi40 10 (F,OH)a 

U=0.03 percent; Th=up to 0.7 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 795-796 (1958). 

J ohnstrupite 

Synonym of mosandrite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 795-796 (1958). 

Lovchorrite 

Synonym of mosandrite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 795-796 (1958). 

Rinkite 

Synonym of mosandrite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 795-796 (1958). 

Rinkolite 

Synonym of mosandrite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 43, p. 795-796 (1958). 

Vudyavrite 

Final alteration product of mosandrite. 

Mineralog. Abs. v. 13, p. 654 (1958). 

NATRONIOBITE 

NaNbOa 

Apparently a dimorph of lueshite. 

Th= 0.49 percent. Occurs in dolomitic carbonatites. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 1483 (1962). 

NIOBO-AESCHYNITE 

(Ce, Y,Ca,Fe,TH)(Nb,Ti)206 

Like aeschynite but with Nb greater than Ti. 

Th=2.2 percent. 

Color: Black. Occurs in quartz-arfvedsonite veinlets. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 417 (1962). 

PANDAITE 

(Ba,Sr) (Nb, Ti) (O,OHh, a member of the pyrochlore group. 

U=0.3 percent; Th=0.5 to 0.7 percent. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 32, p. 1Q-25 (1959). 

PARISITE 

(Ce,La)2Ca(COa)aF2 

U=0.002 percent; Th=trace. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 127. 

POL YMIGNYTE 

AB04, whereA=Ca, Fe+2, Y, Zr,Th; B=Nb, Ti, Ta, Fe+3• 

Th= 3.4 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 764-766. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 44. 
MINERALS WITH MINOR AMOUNTS OF U AND TH 57 

POWELLITE 

Ca(Mo, W)04 

Most analyses show no U, but up to 0.57 percent U has been reported. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 1079-1081. 

United Nations lnternat. Conf. on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, 2d, 

Geneva, Proc. v. 2, p. 306-307 (1958). 

Compare Wulfenite, p. 58. 

RHABDOPHANE 

( Ce,La) P04 · H20 

See also Erikite, p. 54; grayite, p. 20; nin!},yoite, p. 29; saryarkite, p. 35. 

Silicorhabdophane 

A variety of rhabdophane with high Si02• 

Th= 0.28 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962). 

RIJKEBOERITE 

A barium analog of microlite. 

Bat-x(Ta,Nb)2(0,0H,H20)7 

U=1.45 percent; Th=0.17 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 48, p. 1415 (1963). 

ROWLANDITE 

(Y,Ce,Fe)s(Si04)2(F,OH) (?) 

Possibly a metamict thalenite. 

U = 0.4 percent. 

Dana VI, p. 1047. 

Strunz, Hugo, Mineralogische Tabellen., 4th ed., 1966, p. 339, Leipzig 

Akad. Verlag., 560 p. 

SPENCITE 

Perhaps (Y,Ce,Ca,Th)4BaSi60ta 

Th=2.1 to 2.2 percent; U=0.75 percent. 

Canadian Mineralogist, v. 6, p. 576-581 (1961). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 9-25 (1962). 

SPHENE 

CaTiSi(O,OH,F)o 

U=up to 0.14 percent; Th=up to 0.65 percent. 

Am. Geophys. Union Trans., v. 38, p. 939-944 (1957). 

Titanite 

Synonym of sphene. 

STILL WELLITE 

(Ca,Ce) (Si,Al,P)B(O,OH,Fh 

U=0.19 percent; Th=0.05 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 148. 

SYNCHYSITE 

(Ce,La)Ca(COahF 

Th= 0.26 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 127. 
58 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

TENGERITE 

Ca Ya(C0a)4(0H)a·3H20(?) 

The originally described tengerite (Dana VI, p. 306-307) is a different 

mineral, supposedly beryllium yttrium carbonate; no published 

analysis. 

Th= 0.3 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 275-276. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 127. 

THALENITE 

Y2Si201 

Related to yttrialite. 

Th=0.16 percent. 

Dana VI, app. I, p. 68. 

TUNDRITE 

Ce2Ti(Si,P) (0,0Hh·4H20 

Further work is needed on this mineral. 

Th=0.69 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 47, p. 419-420 (1962); v. 50, p. 2097-2098 (1965). 

Titanorhabdophane 

Synonym of tundrite. 

TURANITE 

Supposedly Cu5(V04h(OH)4 

May be related to mottramite. 

Reported to contain 3.2 percent U. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 818. 

VANOXITE 

Perhaps 2V204.V205·8H20 

Reported to contain up to 0.42 percent U; species may be invalid; 

analysis was made on a mixture (Weeks, A. D., written commun., 

1960). 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 601-602. 

VES UVIANITE (or idocrase) 

Cato(Mg,Fe)2Al4(Si04)5(Si207)2(0H)4 

Not usually reported to contain U and Th, but a metamict variety is 

reported from nepheline syenite pegmatite. 

U=0.85 percent; Th=0.47 percent. 

Akad. Nauk SSSR Doklady, v. 130, p. 400-403 (1960). 

WULFENITE 

Pb(Mo,U)04 

Most analyses show no U, but up to 9.65 percent U has been reported. 

Color: Orange, yellow, brown. A secondary mineral. 

Zapiski Vses. Mineralog. Obshch., v. 89, p. 180-186 (1960) (in Russian). 

See also Powellite, p. 57. 

XENOTIME 

YP04 

U=up to 3.6 percent: Th=up to 2.2 percent .. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 688-691. 
MINERALS WITH MINOR AMOUNTS OF U AND TH 59 

YTTROTANTALITE 

(Fe, Y, U) (Nb, Ta) 0 4 

Grades to samarskite. 

U=as much as 4.8 percent; Th=as much as 2.2 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 763-764. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 11, p. 231-232 (1950). 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 31 p. 763-780 (1958). 

Y ttrocolumbite 

Similar to yttrotantalite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 25, p. 155 (1940). 

YTTROTUNGSTITE (or thorotungstite) 

Y2 Ws01s·4H20 

Th=up to 0.07 percent. 

Akad. Nauk SSSR Doklady, v. 163, p. 447-449 (1965) (in Russian). 

ZIRCON 

ZrSi04 

U and Th low in most specimens, but as much as 2.7 percent U and 13.1 

percent Th reported. 

Dana VI, p. 482-486. 

Alvite 

Variety of zircon near cyrtolite. 

Dana VI, p. 487-488. 

Arshinovite 

Variety of zircon. 

U =several tenths of one percent. 

Razumnaya, E. G., Smolianskaya, G. A., Korolev, K. G., and Pakulpis, 

G. V., United Nations Internat. Conf. on Peaceful Uses of Atomic 

Energy, 2d., Geneva, Proc. v. 2. p. 307-308 (1958). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 44, p. 210 (1959). 

Azorite 

Variety of zircon. 

Dana VI, p. 482-484. 

Calyptolite 

Probably altered zircon. 

Dana VI, p. 482, 486. 

Cyrtolite 

Altered zircon, containing U, Th, Y and other rare earths. 

Dana VI, p. 487. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 38, p. 1007-1018 (1953). 

Hagatalite 

Synonym of zircon. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 11, p. 137 (1926). 

Hoegtveitite 

May be alvite. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 12, p. 97 (1927). 

Malacon 

Hydrated or altered zircon. 

Dana VI, p. 486. 
60 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

ZIRCON-Continued 

Naegite 

Variety of zircon. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 2, p. 36 (1923). 

Oerstedite 

Altered zircon. 

Dana VI, p. 486. 

Oyamalite 

Variety of zircon. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 11, p. 137-138 (1926). 

Ribeirite 

An yttrian zircon. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 12, p. 305 (1954). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 39, p. 159 (1954); v. 41, p. 168 (1956). 

Tachyaphaltite 

Probably altered zircon. 

Dana VI, p. 486. 

Yamagutilite (or yamaguchilite) 

Variety of zircon. 

Contains P205 and rare earths. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 24, p. 626 (1937). 

ZIRCONOLITE 

(Ca,Ce)Zr(Ti,Nbh07 

U=up to 1.49 percent; Th=up to 0.51 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 42, p. 581-582 (1957). 

Niobozirconolite 

A niobium-rich zirconolite. 

U=0.34 percent, Th=2.5 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 465 (1961). 
C. MINERALS REPORTED TO CONTAIN URANIUM AND 

THORIUM MINERALS AS IMPURITIES 

OR INTERGROWTHS 

AD AMITE 

Zn2(0H) (As04) 

Reported to contain small amounts of U. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 10, p. 375 (1948). 

ALLOPHANE 

Al20a·Si02·nH20 

Reported by R. G. Coleman (written commun., 1960) to contain up to 

0.91 percent U. 

Compare Evansite, p. 62; opal, p. 63. 

BOBENBENDERITE 

Mixture of fluorite and spessartite. 

U=O.ll percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 34, p. 608-611 (1948). 

CALCIOVOLBORTHITE 

CaCu(V04) (OH) 

Reported to contain 3.1 percent U. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 816-818. 

Soc. FranQaise Mineralogie et Cristallographie Bull., v. 79, p. 246-250. 

Tangeite (or tangueite) 

Synonym of calciovolborthite. 

CHR YSOCOLLA 

CuSi03-2H20 

U = 0.03 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 530. 

Katangite 

Synonym of chrysocolla. 

May contain U in admixture. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 9, p. 23 (1946). 

COLUMBITE 

(Fe, Mn) (Nb, Ta) 20& 

U =up to 9.8 percent. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 78Q-785. 

Baieri te (or baierine) 

Synonym of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 780. 

Dianite 

Synonym of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 780. 

61 
62 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

COL UMBITE-Continued 

Ferrocolumbite 

Synonym of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 780, 783. 

Ferro-ilmenite 

Synonym of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 780, 785. 

Greenlandite 

Synonym of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 780, 784. 

Hermannolite 

Synonym of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 780, 785. 

Manganocolumbite 

Variety of columbite. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 700, 783-784. 

CORVUSITE 

V204·6V20s·XH20 

U=up to 2.5 percent. 

Work in progress indicates species may be valid. 

Reexamination of type material shows presence of rauvite, which might 

account for reported uranium content (Weeks, A. D., written 

commun., March 1952). 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 18, p. 195-205 (1933); v. 44, p. 330-333 (1959). 

CRYPTOMELANE 

(K,Ba) (Mn,Fe) s0t6 

Reported to contain up to 1 percent U. 

Neues Jahrb. Mineralogie Monatsh., 1958, p. 73-84. 

New Mexico Bur. Mines and Mineral Resources Mem. 15, p. 21-37 

(1963). 

EVANSITE 

Ala(OH)sP04·6H20 

Reported to contain small amounts of U and Th. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 10, p. 375 (1948). 

Soc. Geol. Belgique Annales, v. 80, p. 497-501 (1957). 

FLUORITE 

CaF2 

Some specimens, especially deep purple ones, are radioactive. This 

generally can be shown to be due to inclusions of uranium minerals, 

but the fluorite itself possibly may have U in substitution for Ca. 

Dana VII, v. 2, p. 28-37. 

Strong alpha bombardment produces the semiopaque black variety 

antozonite, as in the inner bands of halos surrounding uranininte 

and thorite inclusions. Centered thorium halos in fluorite have a 

maximum radius of about 41 microns. Uranium halos are smaller 

with a maximum radius of about 31 microns. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 37, p. 659-66, 910-930 (1952). 
MINERALS WITH U AND TH IMPURITIES 63 

HYDROZINCITE 

2ZnC03·3Zn(OH)2 

U = 0.07 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 530. 

LIMONITE 

OPAL 

Cryptocrystalline goethite, FeO(OH), with adsorbed or capillary water. 

U = 0.03 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 530. 

Si02·nH20 

Some varieties, particularly hyalite, show a. green fluorescence due to 

uranium content. 

U=usually 0.05 percent; however, up to 0.9 percent U has been reported 

in silica sinters from hot springs. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 10, p. 374-375 (1948). 

Geol. Landesamt. Baden-Wi.irttemberg Abhandl., v. 3, p. 46, (1959). 

PYROMORPHITE 

Pb5(P04)aCl 

Some specimens are uraniferous. 

Zeitschr. Kristallographie, v. 62, p. 177-178 (1925). 

SCAPOLITE 

(N a, Ca) 4Ala (AI, Si) aSi602 4 ( Cl, CO a, S04) 

Chemie der Erde, v. 9, p. 139-144 (1934). 

SEFSTR0MITE 

A mixture of ilmenite with minor amounts of radioactive minerals. 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 542. 

Mineralog. Mag., v. 29, p. 112 (1950). 

TANTALITE 

(Fe,Mn) (Ta,Cb)206 

Dana VII, v. 1, p. 78D-787. 

Olovotantalit (or tintantalite) 

Unnecessary name for stannian mangano-tantalite. 

U=0.03 percent. 

Am. Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 1514 (1961). 

TURQUOISE 

Perhaps H5(CuOH)[Al(OHhMP04)4 

U =up to 0.005 percent. 

Great Britain Geol. Survey Atomic Energy Div. Rept. 124, p. 1-16 

(1952). 

VARISCITE 

AlP04·2H20 

U=up to 0.005 percent. 

Great Britain Geol. Survey Atomic Energy Div. Rept. 124, p. 1-16 

(1952). 
64 GLOSSARY OF URANIUM- AND THORIUM-BEARING MINERALS 

WAVELLITE 

Ala(P04h(OH)a·5H20 

U=up to 0.004 percent. 

Heinrich, E. W., Mineralogy and geology of radioactive raw materials, 

1958, p. 130. 

Fischerite 

Probably is wavellite; reported to contain small amounts of U. 

Mineralog. Abs., v. 10, p. 375 (1948). 

Am. Mineralogist., v. 41, p. 537-538 (1956). 
INDEX 

[Valid mineral species in boldface) 

A 

Abernathyite. _______________________________ _ 

Absite _______________________________________ _ 

AbukumaUte. _______________________________ _ 

Adamite _____________________________________ _ 

Adelpholite. ________________________________ _ 

Aeschynite_ ~ ________________________________ _ 

Aldanite _____________________________________ _ 

Allanite. ____________________________________ _ 

Allophane. __________________________________ _ 

Alpha-fergnsonite. ___________________________ _ 

Aluminobetafite _____________________________ _ 

Alumo-aeschynite ___________________________ _ 

Alumobritholite ..... ________________________ _ 

Alvita ______________________________________ --

Ampangabeite _____ ----- ___________ ------- ___ _ Aneylite. ____________________________________ _ 

Andersonite _________________________________ _ 

Anglesite ____________________________________ _ 

Anglesobarite. ______________________________ _ 

Annerodite __________________________________ _ 

Anthraxolite. _______________________________ _ 

Antozonite __________________________________ _ 

Apatite.----------- ___ ---- _________ ---- ______ _ 

Arrhenite. ___________________________ ------ __ 

Arsenuranocircite. _______________ ------- ____ _ ArsenuranyUte. _____________________________ _ 

Arshinovite. _______ ------ _________________ ---

Aspbaltite ___________________________________ _ 

Auerlite. ______ ----------------- _______ ------- Autunite _____________________________________ _ 

Azorite ______________________________________ _ 

Azor-pyrrhit_ ________________________________ _ 

B 

Baddeleyite ____ ------------------------------ Bagrationite _________________________________ _ 

Baierite. ___________________ -------------- ___ _ 

Barite. _______________ ------ ____ -------------_ 

Bariumphosphoruranit_ _____________________ _ 

Barium-phosphuranylite. __ ------------------ Barium uranophane _________________________ _ 

Bassetite. ____ ------------ ____ ---------- _____ _ Bastnaesite .. ________________________________ _ 

Bayleyite ____________________________________ _ 

Becquerelite _________________________________ _ 

Bergenite ____________________________________ _ 

Beta-fergnsonite ______________________ ------ __ 

Betafite--------------------------------------- Beta-uranophane. ___________________________ _ 

Beta-uranopilite _____________________________ _ 

Beta-uranotile _______________________________ _ 

Bflibinite _____ -------- ___ --------------------

Page 

10 Billietite __ -----------------------------------

13 Bismutomicrolite ____ -----------------------· 50 Blomstrandine, Blomstrandinite _____________ _ 

61 Blomstrandite. ______________________________ _ 

18 Bodenbenderite .. _ ----------- _______________ _ 

10 Bodenite ______ -------------------------------

37 Boltwoodite .. _ ------------------------------· 

50 Bragite .. _ ---·----- _ -------------------------- 61 Brannerite ____________ ---------------------- __ 

19 Brar.ilite ____ -------------------- _ ------------ 12 Britholite _____________________________________ _ 

10 Bro~kite .. _: __ ------------ ___________________ _ 

53 Broggerite ________________ ------------------·-

59 Broggite ____________________ ------------------

34 Bucklandite ................. _________________ _ 51 Buszite _______________________________________ _ 

10 

51 c 

52 Calciocamotite. ---------- ____________ --------

34 Calciogadolini1te. ---------- _______ ------------

40 Calciosamarskite ____ ------ _________ ----------

62 Calciotantalite _____________________ ----------

51 Calciothorite ..• _ ----------------------------- 19 Calciouraconite ______________________________ _ 

25 Caleiovolborthite _____________________________ _ 

10 Calciumarsenuranit. ------------------ ______ _ 

59 Calciumphospboruranit_ ____________________ _ 

40 

Calciumursilite ______________________________ _ 

38 Calcouranit_ _____________ ----------- ________ _ 

11 Caleurmolite ... _ ----------------------------- 5!} Caldasite ____ ·----- ________ --- ___ --- _____ ------

32 Calyptolite .•..•... ____ ------ _______ --- __ ------

Cappelenite ....•• ------------------------------ Carbocer ____ ··----- _________________ -- __ ------

Carbonate-fluorapatite ... _____ ---------------

51 Carburan _____________ ---------·-------------

50 Carnotite •. --·--- ______ ------ ____________ ------

61 Caryoeerite .. ·------------------------------"- 52 Cerianite. ___ ··---- ___ ------ __________________ _ 

26 Cerite ___ • ___ ------- ____ --- _______ -- _____ -- _- _ 

12 Cerphospborhuttonite _____________ ---------- _ 

11 Chalcolamprite _________ -------- _____________ _ 

11 Chalcolite. --·----------------------- ----------

52 Chalco-uranite. _ --- _ ------- ______ ------------ 11 Chalkolitb. ____ ---------- __________ ------- __ _ 

11 Cheralite_ ------------------ ___ ----------- __ --

12 Chevkinite-------------------------------- __ 

19 Chinglusuite •• ------------- _ --------- __ ------

12 Chinkolobwite _ ------------------------------

12 Chlopinite ....... ----------- __ ----------------

27 Chlorothorite _________ ------------------ ____ --

13 Chrysocolla. _ --------------------------------

13 Clarkeite. ------------------------------------

65 

Page 

13 

27 

31 

12 

61 

50 

13 

19 

13 

51 

52 

14 

44 

41 

50 

52 

42 

54 

14 

27 

38 

14 

61 

46 

11 

46 

11 

14 

52 

59 

53 

41 

51 

41 

14 

14 

14 

53 

14 

32 

41 

11 

41 

15 

15 

53 

36 

23 

39 

61 

15 
66 INDEX 

Page Page 

Cleveite_ ---------- __ ----------------- __ _ ___ __ 44 Fluocblore_____ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ ___ ___ _ _ __ __ _ _ ______ __ 32 

Coconinoite__________________________________ 15 Fluorite ______________ ----------______________ 62 

Coffinite ______ ------- __ --- __ -----_____________ 15 Flutberite___ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ __ _ __ _ _ ___ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 

Columbite_--- __________ ---------- __ ______ ___ 61 Formanite ______ ------------------------------ 19 

Compreignacite------------------------------- 15 Fourmarierite __ ------------------------------ 19 

Copper uranite------------------------------- 41 Franeerillite____________________________ _____ _ 19 Ooracite______ ___ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ __ 44 Freyalite_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ ___ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 

Cordobaite ____ ------------------------------- 13 Fritzcheite------------- __ _______ __ __ ____ ___ ___ 20 

Cordyllte _____ -------------------------------- 53 Fyncbenite _________ -------------- ______ ____ __ 18 

Corvusite ____ --------------------------------- 62 

Cousinite _______ -------------------------- ____ 15 G 

Crandallite. ______ ---------------------------- 53 Gadollnite------------------------------------ 54 

CryptoJite __________________ ------------------ 28 Gagarinite------------------ _______ ___________ 54 

Cryptomelane_------------------------------- 62 Gastunite_ ----------------------------------- 20,48 

Cuprosklodowskite_ __ ____ _________ _ __ ____ ____ 16 Gllpinite __ ----------------------- _ ___ _ _______ 22 

Cuprouranit____________ ___________ ___ _ _______ 41 Goethite _____ --_------------------____________ 63 

Cuprozippeite____ ______ _ ___ ____ __ _________ ___ 1o Grabamite. ----------------------- _ __ _ ___ __ __ 41 

Curite __________________ --------------- _____ __ 16 Grayite _______ --------------------- _______ ____ 20 

Cyrtollte _______________ ------------------ ____ 59 Greenlandite_- _ ---------------------- ________ 62 

Guadarramite ________ ---------------- ________ 28 

D Guilleminite __________ ------------------ ______ 20 

Dakeite _____ --------------------------------- 35 Gummite _________ -------------------- __ ____ __ 20 

Dauberite __ . ___________________ -------------- 49 

Davidite____ H ___ _ __ _ ___ ______ ____ ___ _ __ ______ __ 16 

Delorenzite___ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ ________ __________ ____ 18 Haddamite __________________________________ _ 27 

Demesmaekerite __ ------------------- ______ __ 17 Hagatalite ___________________________________ _ 59 

Dewindtite_ ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ 17 Haiweeite __ --- _-- __ --- ______________________ _ 20 

Dianite______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 61 Hallimondite ___ ----- _- ______________________ _ 21 

32 

21 

54 

62 

54 

21 

21 

23 

59 

52 

21 

Didericbite _____________________ -------------- 33 Hatcbettolite _____ ----------------- __________ _ 

Djalmaite __________________ ---------------- __ 27 Helnrichite _____ ------------------------------ Doverite______ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53 Hellandite _____ ----- __ --- ____________________ _ 

Droogmansite __ ------------------------------ 17 Hermannolite ___ - _ --------------------------- Dumontite______ _ __ _ __ _ __ ____ ___ _______ ______ _ 17 Hibonite ___ - -- _- --------------------- _______ _ 

E 

Edwardsite __________________________________ _ 

Ekanite _____________________________________ _ 

Eliasite ______________________________________ _ 

Ellswortbite _________________________________ _ 

Ellweilerite _________________________________ _ 

Enalite ______________________________________ _ 

Endeiolite ___________________________________ _ 

Epidote _____________________________________ _ 

Epiiantbinite __ ------------------------------ Erikite ______________________________________ _ 

Eremite _____________________________________ _ 

Escbwegeite _________________________________ _ 

Escbynite ___________________________________ _ 

Eucrasite ____________________________________ _ 

Euxenite. ___________________________________ _ 

Evansite _____________________________________ _ 

Eytlandite ___________________________________ _ 

F 

Fengbuanglite _______________________________ _ 

Feng-buang-sbib ____________________________ _ 

Fergbanite __________________________________ _ 

Fergusonite __________________________________ _ 

Ferrocolumbite ______________________________ _ 

Ferro-ilmenite _______________________________ _ 

Ferrotborite _________________________________ _ 

Fersmite. ___________________________________ _ 

Ferutite __________________________________ ----

Fischerite ___________________________________ _ 

Florencite. ---- _______ ---------- __________ ----

Hielmite ______________ -----------------------

Hjelmite ______________ ------------------ ____ _ 

28 Hlopinite ____ -------------------------------- 17 Hoegtveitite __ -_____ -- _______________________ _ 

20 Hokutolite __________________________________ _ 

32 Hiigelite. _ -----------------------------------

37 Huttonite------------------------------------- 21 38 Hyblite __________ -------- _______________ ----- 39 

32 Hydrocerite ______ ---------------------------- 21 

53 Hydrocblore ____ ----------------------------- 32 

35 Hydroeuxenite ___ ---------------------------- 34 

54 Hydrogen autunite ___ ------------------------ 21 28 Hydrotborite______________ _ ___ ____________ ___ 39 

18 Hydronasturan_______________________________ 22 

10 Hydrosamarskite_____________________________ 34 

38 Hydroxyl-bastnaesite __________ ---------- _____ 52 

17 Hydroxyl-thorite----------------------------- 39 

62 Hydrozincite ________ ------------------------- 63 

34 I 

lantbinite. __ --------------------------------- 18 Idocrase _____________________________________ _ 

18 Iriginite_ ------------------------------------- 18 Irinite _______________________________________ _ 

18 Iron uranite _________________________________ _ 

62 Isbikawaite ___________________ ------------- __ 

62 

38 J 

54 Jacbymovite ____ -----------------------------

16 Jiningite ___________ --------------------------

64 Johannite- __ ----------------------------- ___ _ 

54 Jobnstrupite ___________ ----------------------

22 

58 

22 

55 

11 

22 

16 

38 

22 

56 
INDEX 67 

K Page Page 

Kahlerlte___________________________ ____ ______ 2~ Meta-uranopillte. _ ----------------------- ____ 26 

Kalk-uran-carbonat ______ -------------------- 24 Meta-uranospinite_______________________ _____ 27 

Karnasurtite____ _ ___ _____________ ____________ 54 Metavandendriesscheite______ ________________ 47 

Kasolite ___________ --------------------------- 23 Metazellerite _____ ----------- ___ ---------- ____ 27 

Katangite .•• _ --------------------------------

Khlopinite. ---- ________ ---------------------- Kieselkupfer-uranoxyd ______________________ _ 

Kivuite. _________ ----------------------------

Kobelte. -------------------------------------

Kochelite. _______ ---------------------------- Kolin _________________________ ----------------

Koppite ________ ------------------------------

Korarfveite ____________ -----------------------

Kozhanovite. _ ·--------------------- ___ ------ Kupferarsenuranit. _________________________ _ 

Kupferphosphoruranit _______________________ _ 

L 

Lambertite __________________________________ _ 

Lermontovite. _ --------------------------- _ -- Liebigite _____________________________________ _ 

Lime-uranite •.. _______ -----------------------

Limonite •...... ------------------------------ Lodochnlkite. _______________________________ _ 

Loparite ______ --------------------------------

Lovchorrite. _____________ ----------- ___ ------

Lovozerite. _ --------------------------------- Lueshite .• __________________________________ _ 

Lyndochite. __ -------------------------------

M 

Mackelveyite ___________________________ -_- _--

Mackintoshite. _ ----------------------------- Magnesium-phosphoruranit. ________________ _ 

Magnesium ursilite __________________________ _ 

Maitlandite •. __________ ---------------------- Malacon ____________________________________ - _ 

Manganocolumbite __________________________ _ 

Manganosteenstrupine _______________________ _ 

Marignacite. _________________ -_--------------

Masuyite _____ --------------------------------

Mavudzite ••• ____________ -_------------------

McKelveyite __ ------------------------------

Medjidite. ·---- __________ --- _----------------

Melanoeerite •. _________________ -_--- _--------

Mendeleyevite. ------------------------------

Mengite __________ ----------------------------

Meta-ankoleite •.. ____________ -_----- _--------

Meta-autunite L ----------------------- _____ _ 

Meta-autunite II •. _____________ -----_--------

Metachalcolite. ____________________ ----------

Metahaiweeite. ______________ ----------------

Metaheinrichite. ___________________ --- _ ------ Metakahlerite _______________________________ _ 

Metakalkuranite •• __________________________ _ 

Metakirchheimerite. _ --------------- _ -------- Metakupferuranit. _________________ - ________ _ 

Metanovacekite _____________ --------- _--------

Metasalpeeite ___________________ ----- _ -- _- __ -_ 

Metasandbergerite. __ ------------------------ Metaschoepite __________________ ------------- _ 

Metasim.psonite .• ________________________ --- _ 

Metatorbernite. ________ --- _------------------

Metatyuyamunite _______ -_--------------------

Meta-uranocircite.------------------- ____ ----

61 Metazeunerite _______________________________ _ 

23 Microfite _________________________________ ----

16 Millisite __________ ----------------------------

23 Moctezumite. ___ -------------- _______ --------

23 Moluranite _________ --------------------- ____ _ 19 Monazite ____________________________________ _ 

55 Monazitoid __________________________________ _ 

32 Mosandrfte __________________________________ _ 

28 Mourite _____________________________________ _ 

55 Mozambikite _____________________________ ----

4!! Muromontite ________________________________ _ 

41 

N 

Naegite _____________________________________ - _ 

45 Nagatelite ________________________ -------- __ --

23 Nasturan ______________________ ---------------

23 Natroautunite. ______________________________ _ 

11 Natroniobite _________________________________ _ 

63 Nenadkevite •• ________ ----------------------- 13 Neogastunite ________________________________ _ 

55 Neotantalite _________________________________ _ 

56 Nicolayite ____________ ------------- __________ _ 

55 Ningyoite ___________________ - ________________ _ 

55 Niobo-aeschynite ____________________________ _ 

10 Nioboloparite. ___________________________ ----

Niobozirconolite _____________________________ _ 

Niobpyrochlore ______________________________ _ 

24 Niobtantalpyrochlore ______ ------ _ ----- __ ----- 39 Nivenite. __________________________________ --

34 Nohlite ______________________________________ _ 

46 Novacekite. ______________________________ --- _ 

40 Nuevite _____________________________________ _ 

59 Nuolaite _____________________________________ _ 

62 

37 0 

32 Obrucherite __________ --------------- _ -------- 24 Oerstedite ______________________________ ------

16 Oliveiraite __________ ------- ___ ---------------- 24 OlovotantaliL ______________________________ _ 

24 Opal. ___________ ------------------------------

55 Orangite ________ ------------------------------

12 Orlite ______________________ ------------------

28 Orthite ____________________ -------------------

24 Orthochevkinite ____________ -- _______________ _ 

24 Oyamalite------ ______ --- _ ----- ____ -----------

24 

26 p 

25 PaiUte _________________ -----------------------

25 Pandaite _______________ ------- ______ ---------

25 Para-autunite __________________________ ------

24 Parapitchblende ________ ------- ______ ---------

25 Paraschoepite •• _____ ------------ _ ------------

26 Parlsite---------------------------------------

25 Parsonsite. _ ---------------------------------

26 Paulita __________ -----------------------------

25 Peligotite _______________ ----------------------

35 Perrierite _________ ----------------------------

27 Phosphocerite ____________ --------------------

26 Phosphuranyllte .. ________ --- _____ -___ --------

26 Pi! barite •• ___________ ------- __ ---------------

26 Pisekite __________ ----------------------------

27 

27 

55 

28 

28 

28 

29 

56 

29 

38 

50 

60 

50 

44 

29 

56 

29 

36 

28 

40 

29 

56 

55 

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32 

28 

45 

30 

30 

34 

48 

30 

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18 

63 

63 

38 

30 

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55 

56 

25 

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56 

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22 

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68 INDEX 

Page 

Pitchblende.---------------------_------_____ 45 Sogrenite .. ______________________ -------------

Pittinite.--------------------- __ ------------- 20 Spencite ________________________ -------------- Plumboniobite. _ ------ _____________ ------ ___ _ 34 Sphene ________________________________ ------_ 

Polycrase ________ ------------------------- ____ 31 Stasite __________________________ -------------

Polymignyte ____ ---------------------------- __ 56 Steenstrupine. ______________________________ _ 

Powellite------------------------------------- 57 Stillwellite _________ -------------------------- Pravdite. _ -------------- _ --- ___ __ ____ _ _ __ __ _ _ 53 Studtite _____________________________________ _ 

Priazovite ______ ------------ _ _ __ _ _ _ ___ _ ___ __ _ _ 32 Swartzite ____________________________________ _ 

Priorite_______________________________________ 31 Synchysite _____ ------------------------------ Prjevalskite. _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ ___ _ 31 

Przhevalskite _____________________ ------------ 31 T 

Pseudo-autunite______________________________ 31 Tachyaphaltite ______ --------------------- _ ---

Pseudowavellite______________________________ 53 Tangeite, Tanguelte _________________________ _ 

Pyrochlore. __ • __ --- ___ _ __ _ __ ___ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ 32 Tantalite. --------------- _ --- _ ---------- _____ _ 

Pyromorphite_________________________________ 63 Tantalpyrochlore .• --------------------------- Pyrrbite_____ ___ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ __ _ _ _ _ __ 33 Tanteuxenite. _ ------- ____ -- __ ---- ___________ _ 

Tengerite------------------------------------- R Thalenite _______ ------- ______________________ _ 

Rabbittite. __________________________________ _ 

Radio barite. __ -------------------------------

Randite. --------------------------- _________ _ 

Ranquilite. ___ --------------------------- ___ _ Rauvite _____________________________________ _ 

Renardite. ----------------------- ___________ _ 

Rhabdophane_ --------------------- _________ _ 

Ribeirite ..• ----------------------------- ____ _ Richetite. _______ ----- _______________________ _ 

Rijkeboerite _________________________________ _ 

Rinkite ____ ---------------------------- _____ _ Rinkolite ____________________________________ _ 

Risorite _____ --------------------------------- Rogersite ____________________________________ _ 

Rowlandite .. ------ ____ • _____________________ _ 

Rutherfordine ___ -- _. ----- ___________________ _ 

Rutherfordite ______ ------------------ _______ _ 

s 

Sabugalite _______ ------ ______________________ _ 

Saleeite ______ • _ ------------------------------ Samarskite __________ . _______________________ _ 

Samiresite ___________________________________ _ 

Sandbergerite ______________ ------------------ Saryarkite. ______ .. __________________________ _ 

Scapolite _______ -------------------------- ___ _ Schoepite ____________________________________ _ 

Schroeckingerite. __ -------------------------- Sedovite. ________ --- _________________________ _ 

Sefstromite _______ --- ________________________ _ 

Sengierite ___________________________________ _ 

Sharpite_ ------ ___ --- ___ -- ___________________ _ 

Shentulite ___________________________________ _ 

Shinkolobwite ______ --- ______________________ _ 

Silicorhabdophane __________________________ _ 

Silicosmimovskite ___________________________ _ 

Sinicite __________ ------- _____________________ _ 

Sipylite _____________________________________ _ 

Sklodovskite ________________________________ _ 

Sklodowskite ________________________________ _ 

Smirnovite .. ____ ------ ______________________ _ 

Smirnovskite. _______________________________ _ 

Soda-autunite ______ --- ______________________ _ 

Soddite. _ ---------------------·--- ___________ _ 

Soddyite ____ ------------------- ____ ----------

Sodium autunite ..•. -------------------------

Sodium uranospinite _____ --------------------

33 Thorbastnaesite. _________________ ------------

52 Thorianite ••• __ ------------------------------ 13 Thorite _______ ------- ________________________ _ 

33 Thoro-aeschynite .. __________________________ _ 

33 Thorogummite--------------------------------

33 Thorosteenstrupine---------------------------

57 Thorotungstite. --------------- _ --------------

60 Thorutite. _ ---------------------------------- 33 Thucholite. __ ------- ________________________ _ 

57 Tintantalite .. ---------- _____________________ _ 56 Titanite _____________________________________ _ 

56 Titanoniobite. ___ ------------- ______________ _ 

19 Titanorhabdophane-------------------------- 34 Titanothucholite •• __________________________ _ 

57 Toddite. _ --------------- ____________________ _ 33 Torberite ____________________________________ _ 

19 Torbernite ______ --------- ____________________ _ 

Torutite _____________________________________ _ 

Treanorite------------------------------------

34 Tritomite ___________________ ------ ____ ------ __ 

34 Troegerite ___ ------------- ___________________ _ 34 Tscheffkinite ________________________________ _ 

12 Tundrite. ____ ---------- _____________________ _ 

21 Turanite __ ------------- _____________________ _ 35 Turnerite ____________________________________ _ 

63 Turquoise._---------- _________________ --~ ___ _ 

35 Tyrite _______ --------- _______________________ _ 

35 Tyuyamunite ... ------ _______________________ _ 

36 

63 u 

36 Ufertite. _ ---- _______________________________ _ 

36 Ulrichite _ ------- ____________ --- _____________ _ 

38 

36 

57 

39 

36 

19 

36 

Umohoite ____________________________________ _ 

Unnamed mineral(s) ofAntipov ______ ------ ______ ----- __________ _ 

Belova and others _______________________ _ 

Chernik ____________ --- _______ --- ___ ------ Chirvinsky ______________________________ _ 

Fronde!.---------------------------------

36 Melkov _ ---------------------------------

40 

39 

29 

36 

Protas .. ___________ ~---- ---------_-------- Soboleva and Pndovkina ________________ _ 

Tllte district of Mozambique ____________ _ 

Walenta ____ --- ___ -------_---_-_________ --

36 Uraconite ____ ------------------- _ --- ___ --- __ _ 

29 Uralorthite _____ ---------------------------- ~-

36 Uramphite. ---- _________ --________ --_______ .--

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15 

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Uran-apatite. __ -------------------- _________ _ 

Uranatemnite. _ ------- _ -------- _____________ _ Uraninite ____________________________________ _ 

Uranite---------------------------------------

Uran-Kalk-Kupfer-Carbonat ________________ _ Uran-mica ___________________________________ _ 

Uranocbalcite _ -------- _____________ ---- _____ _ Uranocber ___________________________________ _ 

Uranocircite _________________________________ _ 

Uranolepidite. _ ------- _________ ---------- ___ _ U ranoniobite _______________ ---- _____________ _ 

Uranopbane. --------- ____ ------ _____________ _ Uranphyllit. --------- _______________________ _ 

Uranopilite. _ --------- __________ ---------- ___ _ Uranopissite _________________________________ _ 

Uranospathite .• ---__________________________ _ 

Uranospbaerite, Uranospherite ______________ _ 

Uranospinite .• -------- _______________________ _ 

Uranotantalite. ------------------ ___________ _ Uranothallite ________________________________ _ 

Uranothorianite. ____________________________ _ 

Uranothorite ________________________________ _ 

Uranotil, Uranotile _________ ------ ___________ _ 

Uranphyllit. _ ------ __________ ---------- _____ _ 

Uranpyrochlore. ___ ------- ______ --------- ___ _ UranvitrioL _________________________________ _ 

Urdite ______ ----____________ ----____ ----_____ _ 

Urgite .• __________________ ----- ___ ---- _______ _ 

Urhyte. ____ --______________ ------ ___________ _ Ursilite _____ -- _______________________________ _ 

Usigite, Usihyte ________ ------ ____ ------ _____ _ 

Uvanite. ------------ _________ ------ _________ _ 

v 

Vandenbrandeite----------------------------- Vandendriesseheite __________________________ _ 

Vanoxite. ---------------- ___________________ _ 

Vanuralite------------------------------------

Vanuranylite_ -------------------- ___________ _ V ariscite _____________________________________ _ 

Vesuvianite. ----- _ ------ _________ ------ _____ _ Vietlnghofite. _______________________________ _ 

Voglianite. __________________________________ _ 

INDEX 

Page 

51 Voglite. __ ------------------------------------ 45 Vudyavrite ________ ---- ___ --- ___ --- __________ _ 

44 

42 w 

47 Walpurgite. __________ ------ ________ ----- ____ _ 

42 Waltherite ____ ------------------------------- 45 W asite. ______________ --- ___ --- ______________ _ 

45 Wavellite ______ --------------------------- ___ _ 

26 W eeksite _____ --- ____ --------- ______ ------- __ _ 

47 Widenmannite. ___ --------------------------- 45 Wiikite _________________ --------------------- _ 

45 Wisaksonite ____________ --- ___________ --------

42 Wolsendorfite. _________ --- _____________ ------

45 Wulfenite ••• --------- _______________________ _ 

45 Wyartite _____ ------------ _ ----- ______ ----- ___ _ 

46 

46 X 

46 Xanthorite. ---------------------- ___________ _ 

35 Xenotime _______ ------------------ ___ ----- ___ _ 

24 

37 y 

39 45 Yamagutilite, Yamaguchilite ________________ _ 

42 Yanshainshynite. _ ----------- _______________ _ 

33 Yttrialite ____ ------------------ ____ ------- ___ _ 22 Yttrinm ortbite _____________________________ _ 

29 Yttrobetafite ___ --------- ____________________ _ 46 Yttrocolnmbite ______________________________ _ 

46 Yttrocrasite. --------------?- ________________ _ 46 Yttrognmmite ______________ --- ______________ _ 

46 Yttro-ilmenite _______________________________ _ 

46 Yttro-orthite. _ ------------------------------- Yttrotantalite. __ ------------------- __________ _ Yttrotungstite _______ ---------________________ _ 

47 

47 z 

58 Zellerite __________ ---------------------- __ ---- 47 Zeunerite _______________ ---------- __ ----------

47 Zippeite •• ------------------------------------ 63 Zircon. _______________________ ----------------

58 Zireonolite ________________ ------------ ____ ----

35 Zirkelite __________ ----------------------------

47 Ztrktte ___________ ---------------------. _ -----

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRIIITliiG OFFICE: 1967 

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