UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

No. 16-4831

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

ALEX ARNEZ JONES,

Defendant - Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina, at 

Charlotte. Frank D. Whitney, Chief District Judge. (3:16-cr-00124-FDW-DSC-1)

Submitted: April 9, 2020 Decided: April 22, 2020

Before WILKINSON, KEENAN, and RUSHING, Circuit Judges.

Dismissed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

G. Alan DuBois, Federal Public Defender, Jennifer C. Leisten, Assistant Federal Public 

Defender, OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL PUBLIC DEFENDER, Raleigh, North Carolina, 

for Appellant. William T. Stetzer, United States Attorney, Charlotte, North Carolina, Amy 

E. Ray, Assistant United States Attorney, OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES 

ATTORNEY, Asheville, North Carolina, for Appellee.

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
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PER CURIAM:

Pursuant to a plea agreement, Alex Arnez Jones pled guilty to five counts of 

interference with commerce by robbery (“Hobbs Act robbery”), in violation of 18 U.S.C. 

§ 1951(a) (2018), and one count of using, carrying, and brandishing a firearm during and 

in relation to a crime of violence, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) (2018). 

Applying the 2015 Edition of the Sentencing Guidelines Manual, the district court 

sentenced Jones, as a career offender, at the bottom of the Guidelines range to concurrent 

terms of 178 months’ imprisonment on the Hobbs Act robbery convictions and a 

consecutive 84 months’ imprisonment on the § 924(c) count, for a total term of 262 months. 

Jones timely appeals, asserting two ineffective assistance of counsel claims. First, 

Jones argues that counsel was ineffective for failing to argue that he did not qualify as a 

career offender because his instant offenses of Hobbs Act robbery were not “crimes of 

violence” under the career offender Guidelines. Second, Jones contends that counsel was 

ineffective for failing to move to dismiss the § 924(c) count on the ground that Hobbs Act 

robbery does not qualify as a crime of violence for purposes of § 924(c).*

Claims of ineffective assistance generally are not addressed on direct appeal. United 

States v. Maynes, 880 F.3d 110, 113 n.1 (4th Cir. 2018). Instead, to allow for adequate 

 * Jones concedes that this claim is foreclosed by our decision in United States v. 

Mathis, 932 F.3d 242, 266 (4th Cir.) (holding that “Hobbs Act robbery constitutes a crime 

of violence under the force clause of [§] 924(c)”), cert. denied, 140 S. Ct. 639 (2019), and

cert. denied, 140 S. Ct. 640 (2019).
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development of the record, such claims should be raised in a motion brought pursuant to 

28 U.S.C. § 2255 (2018). United States v. Baptiste, 596 F.3d 214, 216 n.1 (4th Cir. 2010). 

Because the record before us does not conclusively establish ineffective assistance 

of counsel, we conclude that these claims should be raised, if at all, in a § 2255 motion. 

Accordingly, we dismiss the appeal. We dispense with oral argument because the facts 

and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court and 

argument would not aid the decisional process.

DISMISSED