EX-33.1
(logo) Deutsche Bank
1761 East St. Andrew Place
Santa Ana, CA 92705-4934

Tel 714 247 6000
Fax 714 247 6009


MANAGEMENT'S ASSERTION OF COMPLIANCE

Management of the Trust & Securities Services department of Deutsche Bank
National Trust Company and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (collectively
the "Company") is responsible for assessing compliance with the servicing
criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission. Management has determined that the servicing
criteria are applicable in regard to the servicing platform for the period as
follows:

Platform: Publicly-issued (i.e., transaction-level reporting required under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) residential mortgage-backed
securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed
securities issued on or after January 1, 2006 for which the Company provides
trustee, securities administration, paying agent or custodian services, as
defined in the transaction agreements, excluding publicly-issued securities
sponsored or issued by any government sponsored entity (the "Platform").

Applicable Servicing Criteria: All servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d),
except for the following criteria: 1122(d)(2)(iii), 1122(d)(4)(iv),
1122(d)(4)(v), 1122(d)(4)(vi), 1122(d)(4)(vii), 1122(d)(4)(viii),
1122(d)(4)(ix), 1122(d)(4)(x), 1122(d)(4)(xi), 1122(d)(4)(xii), 1122(d)(4)(xiii)
and 1122(d)(4)(xiv), which management has determined are not applicable to the
activities the Company performs with respect to the Platform (the "Applicable
Servicing Criteria"). With respect to applicable servicing criterion
1122(d)(1)(iii), there were no activities performed during the year ended
December 31,2008 with respect to the Platform, because there were no occurrences
of events that would require the Company to perform such activities.

Period: Year ended December 31, 2008 (the "Period").

Management's interpretation of Applicable Servicing Criteria: The Company's
management has determined that servicing criteria 1122(d)(1)(iii) is applicable
only with respect to its continuing obligation to act as, or locate a, successor
servicer under the circumstances referred to in certain governing documents. It
is management's interpretation that the Company has no other active back-up
servicing responsibilities in regards to 1122(d)(1)(iii) as of and for the
Period. The Company's management has determined that servicing criterion
1122(d)(4)(iii) is applicable to the activities the Company performs with
respect to the Platform only as it relates to the Company's obligation to report
additions, removals or substitutions on reports to investors in accordance with
the transactions agreements.

Third parties classified as vendors: With respect to servicing criteria
1122(d)(2)(i), 1122(d)(4)(i), and 1122(d)(4)(ii), management has engaged various
vendors to perform the activities required by these servicing criteria. The
Company's management has determined that none of these vendors is considered a
"servicer" as defined in Item 1101(j) of Regulation AB, and the Company's
management has elected to take responsibility for assessing compliance with the
servicing criteria applicable to each vendor as permitted by Interpretation
17.06 of the SEC Division of Corporation Finance Manual of Publicly Available
Telephone Interpretations ("Interpretation 17.06"). Management has policies and
procedures in place designed to provide reasonable assurance that the vendors'
activities comply in all material respects with the servicing criteria
applicable to each vendor. The Company's management is solely responsible for
determining that it meets the SEC requirements to apply Interpretation 17.06 for
the vendors and related criteria.

With respect to the Platform and the Period, the Company's management provides
the following assertion of compliance with respect to the Applicable Servicing
Criteria:

1. The Company's management is responsible for assessing the Company's
compliance with the Applicable Servicing Criteria as of and for the Period.

2. The Company's management has assessed compliance with the Applicable
Servicing Criteria as of and for the Period, including servicing criteria for
which compliance is determined based on Interpretation 17.06 as described
above. In performing this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by
the Securities and Exchange Commission in paragraph (d) of Item 1122 of
Regulation AB.

3. The Company has complied, in all material respects, with the Applicable
Servicing Criteria as of and for the Period, except as follows: For servicing
criterion 1122(d)(1)(i), policies and procedures were not instituted to monitor
certain events of default in that notification of the event of default was not
provided to the certificateholders within the timeframe required by the
transaction agreements.


KPMG LLP, a registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report
with respect to the Company's compliance with the Applicable Servicing Criteria
as of and for the Period.


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DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST COMPANY

By: /s/ Gary R. Vaughan
Name: Gary R. Vaughan
Its: Managing Director

By: /s/ David Co
Name: David Co
Its: Director

By: /s/ Matt Bowen
Name: Matt Bowen
Its: Director

By: /s/ Kevin Fischer
Name: Kevin Fischer
Its: Director

By: /s/ Robert Frier
Name Robert Frier
Its: Director


DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

By: /s/ Kevin C. Weeks
Name: Kevin C. Weeks
Its: Managing Director

By: /s/ Jenna Kaufman
Name: Jenna Kaufman
Its: Director

Dated: February 27, 2009