# Series 10 No. 193



# Current Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, 1994

December 1995 

# Vital and Health Statistics From the CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION / National Center for Health Statistics

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health StatisticsCopyright Information All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated. Suggested citation Adams PF, Marano MA. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1994. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(193). 1995. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 65-62623

# Current Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, 1994 Series 10: Data From the National Health Survey No. 193 Includes estimates on incidence of acute conditions, episodes of persons injured, disability days, physician contacts, prevalence of chronic conditions, limitation of activity, hospitalizations, and assessed health status.

Hyattsville, Maryland December 1995 DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 96-1521 

# Vital and Health Statistics

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics

# National Center for Health Statistics Jack R. Anderson,Acting Director Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D.,Acting Deputy Director Jacob J. Feldman, Ph.D.,Associate Director for Analysis, Epidemiology, and Health Promotion Gail F. Fisher, Ph.D.,Associate Director for Planning and Extramural Programs Jack R. Anderson,Acting Associate Director for International Statistics Stephen E. Nieberding,Associate Director for Management Charles J. Rothwell,Associate Director for Data Processing and Services Monroe G. Sirken, Ph.D.,Associate Director for Research and Methodology Division of Health Interview Statistics Owen T. Thornberry, Jr., Ph.D.,Director Gerry E. Hendershot, Ph.D.,Assistant to the Director for Data Analysis and Dissemination Ann M. Hardy, Dr.P.H.,Chief, Illness and Disability Statistics Branch John W. Horm,Chief, Survey Planning and Development Branch Robert S. Krasowski,Chief, Systems and Programming Branch Robert A. Wright,Chief, Utilization and Expenditure Statistics Branch Cooperation of the U.S. Bureau of the Census Under the legislation establishing the National Health Survey, the Public Health Service is authorized to use, insofar as possible, the services or facilities of other Federal, State, or private agencies. In accordance with specifications established by the National Center for Health Statistics, the U.S. Bureau of the Census, under a contractual arrangement, participated in planning the survey and collecting the data.

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# Contents

Introduction........................................................................................ 1 Source and limitations of data.......................................................................... 3 Selected results and uses of tables....................................................................... 4 Acute conditions: Incidence, medical attention, and associated restriction in activity ............................. 4 Episodes of persons injured ......................................................................... 5 Restricted activity associated with injury and impairment due to injury........................................ 5 Prevalence of reported chronic conditions .............................................................. 5 Limitation of activity due to chronic conditions .......................................................... 5 Restricted activity due to acute and chronic conditions .................................................... 6 Respondent-assessed health status .................................................................... 6 Physician contacts: Rate and interval since last contact .................................................... 6 Hospitalization: Episodes and days for persons; discharges and average length of stay ............................ 6 References ........................................................................................ 8 List of detailed tables ................................................................................ 9 Appendixes I. Technical notes on methods ....................................................................... 130 II. Definitions of certain terms used in this report ......................................................... 137 III. Questionnaires and flashcards Because of its large size Appendix III has been separated into 5 files. Click below to open.

File: 10_193_2.pdf (pages 142-240).............................................................. 142 File: 10_193_3.pdf (pages 241-324).............................................................. 229 File: 10_193_4.pdf (pages 325-412).............................................................. 317 File: 10_193_5.pdf (pages 413-482).............................................................. 380 File: 10_193_6.pdf (pages 483-back cover) ........................................................ 445

## Symbols . . . Category not applicable - Quantity zero * Figure does not meet standard of reliability or precision *– Figure does not meet standard of reliability or precision and quantity zero

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# Current Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, 1994 by Patricia F. Adams and Marie A. Marano, Division of Health Interview Statistics 

# Introduction This report provides detailed data from the 1994 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) on the health of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are presented on acute conditions, episodes of persons injured, restriction inactivity, prevalence of chronic conditions, limitation of activity due to chronic conditions, respondent-assessed health status, and the use of medical services—including physician contacts and short-stay hospitalization. Estimates of these health characteristics are shown in tables 1–78 for various groups in the population, including those defined by age, sex, race, and family income (each shown for specific age groups), and by geographic region and place of residence. Estimates for other characteristics of special relevance to particular health measures are also included. For example, estimates of physician contacts are shown by the place where the contact occurred. The Results section includes a brief definition of each health characteristic included in tables 1–78 and reports the 1994 estimate for each characteristic. Previous issues of thisannual report have included text tables that presented comparisons of the corresponding estimates from the previous 2 yearsand standardized rates for each of the major health characteristics. Because the primary focus of this report is to providedata from the current survey, these tables have been eliminated. However, selected significant differences between the 1994 and 1993 estimates are presented in the text. The NHIS data are often used to monitor trends. Such analyses must address changes in the survey design over time.In 1982, the NHIS questionnaire and data preparation procedures of the survey were extensively revised. The basic concepts of the NHIS changed in some cases, and in othercases the concepts were measured in a different way. Comparisons with earlier results should not be undertaken withoutcarefully examining these changes. A more complete explanation of these changes is in appendix IV of Series 10, No. 150 (1). In 1985, a new sample for the NHIS and a differentmethod of presenting sampling errors were introduced. Therefore, the technical material is important to readers accustomed to using data from the NHIS prior to 1985. Although published reports are the primary method of disseminating estimates from the NHIS, data also are available in standardized microdata tapes. Tapes containing information from the NHIS Core questionnaires from 1969 through 1994are available for purchase from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Public use tapes also are available for specialtopics included in the NHIS from 1973 through 1994. Information about the cost and availability of these tapes can beobtained from the National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Health Interview Statistics, Systems and Programming Branch, 6525 Belcrest Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782. Public use microdata on compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) are available for the NHIS core and special topic data for 1987 through 1992. They can be purchased through the NTIS, or from the Government Printing Office (GPO), Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Questions about CD-ROM data files should be directed to the National Center for Health Statistics, Data Dissemination Branch at 301–436–8500. The special topics included in the 1994 NHIS covered the following five areas: + Childhood immunizations (including hepatitis b); + Disability (including sensory, communication, and mobility problems; health conditions; activities of daily livingand independent activities of daily living; functional limitations; mental health; services and benefits; special health needs of children; early child development; education; relationship to respondent; and perceived disability); + Family resources (including access to care, health insurance, and detailed income); + Year 2000 objectives (including environmental health, tobacco, nutrition, occupational safety and health, heart disease and stroke, clinical preventive services, family health knowledge, and firearm safety); and + Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge and attitudes (including sources of AIDS information, knowledge of AIDS virus transmission, blood donation experience, personal acquaintance with persons with AIDS or the AIDS virus, a general question on AIDS risk behaviors, and self-assessed knowledge of tuberculosis). 1 This report was prepared in the Division of Health Interview Statistics. Viona Brown of the Systems and Programming Branch and Van L. Parsons and Jessica Y. Chan of the Office of Research Methodology produced estimated paramaters and relative standard errors. Nancy Gagne, Richard H. Coles, Mira L. B. Shanks, Loung Tonthat, and Jane Page of the Systems and Programming Branch did the computer programming for the report. This report was edited by Klaudia M. Cox and typeset by Annette F. Holman of the Publications Branch, Division of Data Services.

## Data from the special health topics in 1994 were collected throughout the entire year. The immunization questionnaire collected information on a sample child under age 6 and on all children 19–35 months of age in each family with age-eligible children. The disability and family resources questionnaires were asked about all family members. All other health topics were asked of one sample adult 18 years of age and over in each household. In 1994, there were also a series of followback surveys based on responses to the NHIS interviews. These included + The disability followback (with separate questionnaires for children under 18 years of age with disabilities, for adults 18 years of age and over with disabilities, and for persons18 years of age and over who had polio in the past); + The supplement on aging (a followback survey of all adults 69 years of age and over without a disability); and + Access to care (a telephone followup on respondents with access to care problems, asthma, or ischemic heart disease). These followback surveys were conducted several months after the initial NHIS interview.

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# Source and limitations of data

The information from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in this report is based on data collected in a continuing nationwide survey by household interview. Each week a probability sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States is interviewed by personnel of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Information is obtained about the health and other characteristics of each member of the household. The interviewed sample for 1994 consisted of 45,705households containing 116,179 persons. The total noninterview rate was 5.9 percent: 4.2 percent was the result of respondent refusal, and the remainder was primarily the result of failure to locate an eligible respondent at home after repeated calls as described in appendix I. In 1994, the following changes were made to the basic health and demographic questionnaire: + A question was added asking if there were a working telephone in the home; + The questions on race were moved within section L from questions 3a and 3b to questions 4a and 4b; + The Hispanic Origin questions were moved from section A (questions 4e and 4f) to section L (questions 3a and 3b); + The question added in 1992 asking persons 12–21 years of age if they were in school or on vacation from school was deleted; and + The questions added in 1992 to oversample Hispanics were deleted. For a detailed list of changes to the basic health and demographic questionnaire that have occurred since 1985, see appendix I. A description of the survey design, the methods used in estimation, and general qualifications of the data obtained from the survey are also presented in appendix I. All information collected in the survey is from reports by responsible family members residing in the household. When possible, all adult family members participate in the interview. However, proxy responses are accepted for family members who are not at home and are required for all children and for family members who are physically or mentally incapable of responding for themselves. Although a considerable effort is made to ensure accurate reporting, the information from both proxy respondents and self-respondents may be inaccurate because the respondent is unaware of relevant information, has forgotten it, does not wish to reveal it to an interviewer, or because the respondent does not understand the intended meaning of a question. Because the estimates in this report are based on a sampleof the population, they are subject to sampling errors. Therefore, readers should pay particular attention to ‘‘Reliability of the estimates’’ in appendix I of this report, which showsformulas for calculating standard errors along with instructions for their use. The estimated standard error parameters and relative standard error cut-off points presented in this report were derived from 1991 data because 1994 data were not available. The 1991 parameters were used because the data collection methods were similar to those in 1994 and both were based on a full sample. Although the 1991 estimated standard error parameters used in this report may differ from those that would be derived using the 1994 data, the 1991 data are more comparable than other more recent years because of the different sampling designs used in 1992 and 1993.In this report, terms such as ‘‘similar’’ and ‘‘no difference’’ mean that there is no statistically significant difference between the measures being compared. Terms relating to difference (for example, ‘‘greater than ’’ or ‘‘less than’’) indicate that differences are statistically significant. Individual t-tests, with a critical value of 1.96 (0.05 level of significance), were used to test all comparisons. These tests do not takemultiple comparisons into account. Lack of comment regarding the difference between any two statistics does not mean the difference was tested and found to be not significant. The major concepts for these estimates are described in appendix II and the questionnaires and flashcards used in the interview are shown in appendix III. Illnesses and injuries are coded using a slight modification of the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases(2). The Division of Health Interview Statistics of NCHS should be contacted for information about coding and editing procedures used to produce the final data file from which the estimates shown are derived.

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# Selected results and uses of tables

In the following sections, each of the health-related characteristics included in this report is defined and the overall 1994 estimates are presented. Although previous issues of this report included tables comparing current estimates with those from earlier years, they have been eliminated in this report. However, some comparisons are noted where large differences have been observed between the 1994 and 1993 estimates forthe same characteristic. Readers wanting more extensive comparisons should refer to Series 10, No. 190 (3) for the 1993 estimates. Readers comparing subgroups of the population in tables 1–78 may want to consider the possible effect of age in comparing subgroups. For sociodemographic characteristicsfor which the age distribution of the subgroups differs significantly (such as sex, race, and family income), the results are shown for specific age groups. However, for geographic region and place of residence, there is little difference in the age distributions of the subgroups. Therefore, these results are not shown for specific age groups.Tables 1–77 show detailed results for health characteristics. The population figures used to calculate the rates are in table 78. 

# Acute conditions: Incidence, medical attention, and associated restriction in activity An acute condition is defined for the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) as a type of illness or injury that ordinarily lasts less than 3 months, was first noticed less than 3 months before the reference date of the interview, and was serious enough to have had an impact on behavior. Only two types of impact are considered: (a) the illness or injury caused the person to cut down on daily activities for at least half a day, or (b) a physician was contacted regarding the illness or injury. Incidence Incidence rates for acute conditions by type of condition and sociodemographic characteristics are shown in tables 1–5 and incidence (number) is shown in tables 6–10. The 1994 rate of 171.5 acute conditions per 100 persons per year was significantly lower than the 1993 rate of 190.4. For broad types of acute conditions, the 1994 incidence rates per 100 persons per year rank as follows: respiratory conditions (80.5), injuries (23.8), infective and parasitic diseases (20.9), and digestive system conditions (6.1). The rates for respiratory conditions (80.5) and influenza (34.8) are considerably lower than the corresponding rates for 1993 (98.9 and 52.2, respectively) primarily due to less influenza activity in 1994. Medical attention Estimates of the percent of acute conditions that were medically attended are shown in tables 11–15. During 1994, an estimated 67.3 percent of acute conditions reported in the NHIS were medically attended. Of the broad types of acute conditions, injuries were proportionately most often medically attended (91.7 percent) and respiratory conditions were least often medically attended (50.1 percent). Restricted activity associated with acute conditions Four types of restricted activity resulting from illness, injury, or impairment are measured in the NHIS: days lost from work for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, school days missed by youths 5–17 years of age, days spent in bed (which may overlap either of the preceding types), and other days on which a person cuts down on daily activities. Estimates of ‘‘cut-down’’ days are not presentedseparately, but are included in the generic concept of ‘‘restrictedactivity days.’’ The other three types of restricted activity, which are also included in the generic concept ‘‘restricted activity,’’ are usually shown separately in this and other reports from the NHIS. A person may restrict activities on a given day as a result of more than one condition and these conditions may be acuteor chronic. ‘‘Restricted activity associated with acute conditions’’ includes days on which one or more acute conditions caused the activity restriction. It also includes days on which one or more acute conditions and one or more chronic conditions caused the activity restriction. In the latter case, because the restriction in activity was the result of both acute and chronic conditions, the cause cannot be attributed solely to an acute condition. Therefore, the term ‘‘associated with’’ rather than ‘‘caused by’’ is used to describe restricted activity. Incidence rates of restricted activity associated with acuteconditions by type of condition and sociodemographic characteristics are shown in tables 16–20 and incidence (number) is shown in tables 21–25. The 1994 rate per 100 persons per year of restricted-activity days (693.3) is lower than the rate 4

## observed in 1993 (781.1). The rates of bed disability days (287.6) and school-loss days for youths 5–17 years of age (331.2) are also substantially lower than the corresponding rates for 1993 ( 335.9, and 412.4, respectively). The 1994 rate of work-loss days for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over is 312.2. Detailed rates and frequencies for bed days, work-loss days, and school-loss days are shown in tables 26–49. Incidence by quarter The 1994 incidence rate and incidence of acute conditions by quarter are shown in table 50. The estimated rate for the first quarter of 1994 is 51.5, for the second quarter it is 37.3, for the third quarter it is 33.1, and for the fourth quarter it is 49.6. The rates for the first (51.5) and the fourth quarters of 1994 (49.6) are significantly lower than the rates observed in 1993 (62.2 and 56.1, respectively). This is primarily due to the result of less influenza activity during the first and fourth quarters of 1994. 

# Episodes of persons injured Injury data may be analyzed in three ways: (a) the total number of injuries sustained during episodes involving injury, (b) the number of episodes involving injury during a given period of time, or (c) the number of persons involved in one or more episodes in which injury occurred during a period of time. The estimated number of injuries (measured above) that occurred during 1994 is shown in tables 1–50. Tables 51 and 52 present the number of episodes that occurred during 1994 that involved one or more injuries (measure b). Because of the short reference period used to collect injury data in the NHIS (2 weeks), the number of persons involved in one or moreepisodes during any given year (measure c) cannot be estimated. Table 51 shows the incidence rate of episodes of persons injured and table 52 shows the incidence of such episodes by sociodemographic characteristics, by whether a moving motor vehicle was involved and, if so, whether this occurred in traffic. The table also shows episodes classified by where the episode occurred and for persons 18 years of age and over by whether they were working at a job or business at the time the episode occurred. The 1994 rate of episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year is 23.3. 

# Restricted activity associated with injury and impairment due to injury An injury may have health-related effects for many years after its occurrence or even for a lifetime (for example, a person who suffered a dislocated back due to an accident). The estimates of activity restriction (tables 53–54) and of bed days (tables 55–56) are based on the current effects of injuries regardless of when they occurred. Thus, these estimates include the days shown in earlier tables for acute injuries and alsoinclude days of restricted activity during 1994 that are attributable to the effects of injuries suffered prior to 1994. In many cases, these old injuries have become impairments and any restricted activity during 1994 that was caused by an injuryrelated impairment is also included. The 1994 rate for restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured is 304.5 per 100 persons per year and the rate for bed days associated with episodes of persons injured is 83.1 per 100 persons per year. 

# Prevalence of reported chronic conditions Chronic conditions are defined as conditions that either (a) were first noticed 3 months or more before the reference date of the interview or (b) belong to a group of conditions (including heart disease and diabetes) that are considered chronic regardless of when they began. To estimate the prevalence of reported chronic conditions, the NHIS sample is divided into six representative subsamples; respondents in each subsample are administered one of six checklists of types of chronic conditions. Respondents are asked to indicate thepresence or absence of each condition specified on the particular list assigned to them. Because the presence or absence of many types of chronic conditions is often difficult to ascertain, several ‘‘impact’’ questions are asked about each condition reported. Information is elicited on whether the person has been hospitalized for the condition and the number of days he or she stayed in bed because of the condition during the 12 months prior to the interview. Totals for all chronic conditions are not shown because the NHIS does not measure the total number of chronic conditions for each person. Because a person may have more than one chronic condition, the sum of conditions that arecounted may exceed the sum of persons having those conditions. Prevalence rates for selected chronic conditions are shown in tables 57–61 and the prevalence (number) is shown in tables 62–66. As shown in table 57, the reported conditions with the highest prevalence rates were sinusitis, arthritis, deformity or orthopedic impairment, hypertension, and hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma (with rates per 1,000 persons of 134.4, 128.8, 119.7, 108.8, and 100.7 respectively). 

# Limitation of activity due to chronic conditions Limitation of activity refers to long-term reduction in activity resulting from chronic disease or impairment. The NHIS measurement of limitation of activity permits one to distinguish among (a) persons unable to carry on their usual activity, (b) persons limited in the amount or kind of their usual activity, (c) persons limited but not in their usual activity, and (d) persons not limited. The category of persons limited in their major activity includes those in the first two groups, that is, those unable to carry on usual activities for their age group, whether it is working, keeping house, going to school, or living independently, and those restricted in the amount or kind of usual activity for their age group. Persons 5

## limited, but not in their major activity, include persons restricted in other activities such as civic, church, or recreational activities. The 1994 estimate of the percent of persons limited in activity due to chronic conditions is 15.0 percent and the estimate of persons limited in their major activity (categories(a) and (b) discussed in the previous paragraph) is 10.3 percent. The percent distributions and frequencies for limitation in activity are shown by sociodemographic characteristics in tables 67–68. 

# Restricted activity due to acute and chronic conditions Earlier, estimates of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions (tables 16–49) and the relationship between the types of restricted-activity days were discussed. The estimates shown in table 69 are for person days of restricted activity resulting from all conditions, either acute, chronic, or both. The 1994 estimated days of restricted activity per person per year are as follows: 16.0 days for all types of restricted activity, 6.2 days of bed disability, 5.2 days lost from work for currently employed persons, and 4.5 days lost from school for youths 5–17 years of age. The estimates for each type ofrestricted-activity day are shown by sociodemographic characteristics in table 69. 

# Respondent-assessed health status Data on assessed health status are obtained by asking respondents to assess their own health or that of family members living in the same household as excellent, very good,good, fair, or poor. The percent distribution for these categories, according to sociodemographic characteristics, is shownin table 70. The health of most persons in the civilian noninstitutionalized population is assessed as ‘‘excellent’’ (37.9 percent) or ‘‘very good’’ (28.5 percent). Only 2.9 percent are assessed as ‘‘poor’’. 

# Physician contacts: Rate and interval since last contact A contact is defined as a consultation with a physician, in person or by telephone, for examination, diagnosis, treatment, or advice. The visit is considered a physician contact if the service is provided by the physician or by another person working under the physician’s supervision. Annual rate As shown in table 71, the rate of physician contacts reported for 1994 is 6.1 doctor visits per person per year. In addition to the sociodemographic characteristics, the rates and frequencies also are shown by the place of contact in table 71. The rate is highest for doctor’s office (3.4 per person per year) and is less than one contact per person per year via telephone and hospital while ‘‘other’’ place is about one contact per person per year. Interval since last contactThe percent distribution and number of persons by interval of time since the person last had a physician contact are shown in table 72. Whereas the estimates for the rate of physician contacts do not include contacts while a person was an overnight patient in a hospital, such contacts are included in the definitions of the interval since a person last saw or talked to a physician or a physician’s assistant. During 1994, anestimated 78.8 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population had contact with a physician during the year preceding the interview. Other estimates of ambulatory medical care services by physicians are provided by data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a probability sample survey conducted periodically by the Division of Health Care Statistics of the National Center for Health Statistics. A summary of 1992 survey results, the most recent available, is found in Advance data from vital and health statistics, No. 253 (4). 

# Hospitalization: Episodes and days for persons; discharges and average length of stayThe NHIS respondents are asked to describe any hospitalizations that involved at least a one-night stay during the year preceding the interview. Two measures obtained through this series of questions are the number of times and the number of days spent in short-stay hospitals in the 12 months prior to the interview. Because persons who died or were institutionalized in a given reference period are not included in the NHIS, the rates and frequencies shown in this report will vary from those based on all overnight patients who entered a short-stay hospital during any given period of time. The difference will be greater for older persons. Estimates of hospitalizations are presented for episodes and for discharges. Episode estimates focus on the person’shospital experience during the 12 months preceding the interview. The tables showing these estimates classify people onthe basis of whether they were hospitalized during the reference period and, if so, the number of times they were hospitalized. Discharge estimates focus on hospital stays as the unit of analysis rather than on persons. Hospital episodes and days The distribution of short-stay hospital episodes (first including and then excluding deliveries) by the number of times a person was hospitalized during the year preceding the interview and sociodemographic characteristics are shown by percent distribution (table 73) and frequency (table 74). The category ‘‘delivery’’ is based on the reason the woman enteredthe hospital or whether surgery related to delivery was performed. The percent of persons in 1994 with one hospital episode or more during the year preceding the interview is 7.5 percent and is 27 percent lower than the 1982 estimate of 10.3 percent (1). The total number of days (strictly speaking, nights) the person spent as a patient in the hospital is associated with the 6

## number of times a person was in a short-stay hospital during the year preceding the interview. In 1994, persons with one hospitalization or more spent an average of 7.4 days in the hospital in the year preceding the interview. Estimated rates and numbers of hospital days by the number of times people were hospitalized (including and excluding deliveries) and sociodemographic characteristics are shown in tables 75 and 76. Hospital discharges and average length of stay Rates and numbers of hospital discharges, the average length of stay, and the number of hospital discharge days by sociodemographic characteristics and by whether a delivery was involved in the hospitalization are shown in table 77. Based on data collected during 1994, there are 10.6 discharges per 100 persons, and the average length of stay per discharge is 5.9 days.Examining longer term trends, the 1994 hospital discharge rate of 10.6 is about 25 percent lower than the rate estimated by the NHIS in 1981 (14.2), and the average length of stay, 5.9 days, is about 20 percent lower than in 1981 (7.4) (5). This finding probably reflects the following two phenomena: (a) some medical procedures, once performed as inpatienthospital care, are now performed in outpatient medical facilities, and (b) the Health Care Financing Administration (which operates the Medicare program), some States, and some third-party payers now reimburse hospitals for inpatient care using a preestablished payment schedule based on patients’ diagnosis-related groups. Information also is collected on hospital discharges from hospital records through the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Estimates from the NHDS, published in Advance data or Series 13 publications ofVital and Health Statistics, are somewhat higher than those presented here because of differences in collection procedures, population sampled, and definitions used. In recent years, the NHDS has experienced a decline in its hospital discharge rates, and the NHDS estimates of average length of stay for all persons also have declined. Thus, the trend data from the two surveys are consistent. The most recent national estimates of short-stay hospitalization based on the NHDS are summarized in Vital and Health Statistics, Series 13, no. 121 (6).

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# References

1. National Center for Health Statistics. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey: United States, 1982. Vital Health Stat 10(150). 1985.2. World Health Organization. Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death,based on the recommendations of the Ninth Revision Conference, 1975. Geneva: World Health Organization. 1977. 3. Benson V, Marano MA. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1993. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(190). 1994. 4. Schappert, SM. National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 1992 summary. Advance data from vital and health statistics; no253. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics. 1994. 5. Bloom B. Current estimates from the National Health InterviewSurvey: United States, 1981. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(141). 1982.6. Graves EJ. National Hospital Discharge Survey: Annual Summary, 1993. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 13 (121). 1995. 7. Massey JT, Moore TF, Parsons VL, Tadros W. Design and estimation for the National Health Interview Survey, 1985–94. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(110). 1989. 8. Kovar MG, Poe GS. The National Health Interview Survey design, 1973–84, and procedures, 1975–83. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 1(18). 1985. 9. Koons DA. Quality control and measurement of nonsampling error in the Health Interview Survey. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(54). 1973. 10. Balamuth E, Shapiro S. Health interview responses compared with medical records. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(7). 1965. 11. Cannell CF, Fowler FJ Jr. Comparison of hospitalization reporting in three survey procedures. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(8). 1965. 12. Madow WG. Interview data on chronic conditions compared with information derived from medical records. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(23). 1967. 13. Cannell CF, Fowler FJ Jr., Marquis KH. The influence ofinterviewer and respondent psychological and behavioral variables on the reporting in household interviews. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(26). 1968. 14. National Center for Health Statistics. Reporting of hospitalization in the Health Interview Survey. Vital Health Stat 2(6). 1965. 15. Benson V, Marano MA. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1992. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(189). 1994. 16. U.S. Bureau of the Census. National Health Interview Survey Field Representative’s Manual. HIS-100. U.S. Department of Commerce acting as a collecting agent for the U.S. Public Health Service. 1994.

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# List of detailed tables

Incidence of acute conditions Rates

1. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 ...... 12 2. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . 13 3. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . 14 4. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ..................................... 15 5. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, bygeographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994....................... 17 

## Frequencies

6. Number of acute conditions, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994....................... 18 7. Number of acute conditions, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994................... 19 8. Number of acute conditions, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994................... 20 9. Number of acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ............. 21 10. Number of acute conditions, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ..................................... 23 

# Percent of acute conditions medically attended 11. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 .............. 24 12. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ....... 25 13. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ....... 26 14. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ...................................... 2715. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ........................... 29 

# Restricted activity associated with acute conditions Restricted-activity days: Rates 16. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 ................... 30 17. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ................. 31 18. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ................. 32 19. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ....... 33 20. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ...................................... 35 

## Restricted-activity days: Frequencies 21. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 ...................................... 36 22. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ................................. 37 23. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ................................. 38 24. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ........................... 39 25. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994.............. 41 

## Bed days: Rates 26. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 ................................. 42 27. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ........................... 43 9

## 28. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 29. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 30. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . 47 

## Bed days: Frequencies 31. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . 48 32. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . 49 33. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . 50 34. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 35. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, bygeographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 

## Work-loss days: Rates36. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5437. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5538. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5639. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5740. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 

## Work-loss days: Frequencies41. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 . 5942. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ...................................... 6043. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 ...................................... 6144. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6245. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 

## School-loss days: Rates46. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 youths 5–17 years of age, by sex, race, family income, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6447. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 youths 5–17 years of age, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 

## School-loss days: Frequencies48. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions for youths 5–17 years of age, by sex, race, family income, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . 6649. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions for youths 5–17 years of age, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 

## Incidence of acute conditions by quarter 50. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per quarter and number of acute conditions, by quarter and type of condition: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 

# Episodes of persons injured and associated restriction of activity 51. Number of episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether atwork, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 52. Number of episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7153. Number of restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7354. Number of restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motorvehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . 75 55. Number of bed days associated with episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . 77 56. Number of bed days associated with episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether atwork, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994....................... 79 10

# Prevalence of chronic conditions Rates 57. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by age: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 58. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by sex and age: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . . 83 59. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by race and age: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . 85 60. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by family income and age: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 61. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by geographic region and place of residence: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 

## Frequencies 62. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by age: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 63. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by sex and age: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 64. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by race and age: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 65. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by family income and age: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9966. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by geographic region and place of residence: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 

# Limitation of activity due to chronic conditions 67. Percent distribution of persons by degree of activitylimitation due to chronic conditions, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . 105 68. Number of persons by degree of activity limitation due to chronic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 

# Restricted activity associated with acute and chronic conditions 69. Number of days per person per year and number of days of activity restriction due to acute and chronic conditions,by type of restriction and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 

# Respondent-assessed health status70. Number of persons and percent distribution by respondentassessed health status, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 

# Physician contacts 71. Number per person per year and number of physiciancontacts, by place of contact and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 72. Percent distribution and number of persons by intervalsince last physician contact, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . 115 

# Hospitalization73. Percent distribution of living persons by number of shortstay hospital episodes during the year preceding interview for all causes and excluding deliveries, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . 11774. Number of living persons, by number of short-stay hospital episodes during the year preceding interview for all causes and excluding deliveries and by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11975. Number of short-stay hospital days during the year preceding interview per living person hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by number of episodes and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12176. Number of short-stay hospital days during the year preceding interview for living persons hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by number of episodes and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 77. Number per 100 persons per year and annual number of short-stay hospital discharges, average length of stay, andannual number of hospital days for living persons hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994. . . . . . . . 125 

# Population 78. Number of persons of all ages and number of currentlyemployed persons 18 years of age and over, by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994........ 127

11

### Table 1. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute conditions All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years 45 years and over Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 171.5 358.8 220.1 175.6 153.5 111.7 112.9 109.9 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 20.9 54.7 41.9 18.5 14.6 6.7 7.7 5.2 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 8.6 2.9 *0.9 *0.5 *– *– *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 8.3 9.5 4.9 3.8 1.4 1.9 *0.6 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 20.7 11.7 5.6 4.2 2.9 3.1 *2.5 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 17.1 17.8 7.1 6.2 2.5 2.7 *2.1 Respiratory conditions ................... 80.5 153.8 103.4 82.4 77.1 50.9 55.4 43.6 Common cold ........................ 25.4 68.5 29.4 26.1 22.4 15.0 16.6 12.3 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . 11.9 25.1 20.3 9.9 10.1 5.9 6.6 4.8 Influenza ........................... 34.8 37.3 46.3 38.7 37.8 23.0 25.9 18.3 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 11.3 4.3 3.4 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.7 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 5.6 *1.1 *1.7 *0.9 1.6 *0.9 2.8 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 6.0 2.0 *2.6 1.5 1.4 *1.2 *1.7 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 10.5 8.3 7.4 4.7 4.7 4.1 5.6 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 *3.4 *0.7 *1.8 *0.9 *0.8 *0.9 *0.6 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 4.1 6.0 4.5 2.6 1.5 *1.4 *1.8 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 *3.1 *1.5 *1.1 1.2 2.4 1.9 3.2 Injuries............................. 23.8 25.6 26.0 32.7 25.0 18.1 17.2 19.6 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0 *1.9 4.6 3.3 2.5 2.8 2.4 3.4 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 *0.8 4.9 10.4 6.9 4.0 4.4 3.3 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 5.9 5.7 5.9 4.6 1.9 2.2 *1.4 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 5.2 5.5 4.9 4.1 4.5 3.6 6.0 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 11.8 5.3 8.2 6.8 5.0 4.6 5.5 Selected other acute conditions ............. 27.5 90.3 30.3 25.1 20.4 17.9 17.3 18.9 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 *2.6 *0.8 *0.8 *0.9 1.5 *0.6 3.0 Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 62.7 13.6 *2.4 2.8 1.9 2.2 *1.4 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 5.0 2.0 *0.3 *1.0 1.0 *0.8 *1.4 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 *2.8 *1.2 5.6 3.3 3.5 2.8 4.6 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 . . . *1.0 *0.7 *0.5 *0.1 *0.1 *– Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 1.0 *– *0.2 *2.3 1.8 *0.6 *0.8 *0.2 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 . . . *0.2 4.8 2.9 *– *– . . . Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 5.9 2.7 *2.2 1.4 2.4 2.4 *2.3 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 *0.8 *1.5 *2.8 3.7 5.4 5.6 5.0 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 *– 2.4 *2.2 1.6 1.1 *1.5 *0.4 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 10.5 4.6 *1.0 *0.4 *0.5 *0.4 *0.5 All other acute conditions ................. 12.7 23.7 10.2 9.6 11.7 13.4 11.2 17.0 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 6, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 12

### Table 2. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 154.9 371.3 209.0 134.2 86.9 187.2 345.6 231.8 182.5 132.7 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 18.8 55.0 40.2 11.6 4.5 22.8 54.5 43.7 19.3 8.6 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 8.3 3.7 *0.5 *– 1.3 8.9 *2.0 *0.6 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 8.8 9.7 3.8 *1.6 4.4 *7.9 9.3 4.2 *1.2 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 20.0 10.4 3.5 *1.8 7.5 21.5 13.1 5.5 3.8 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 18.0 16.5 3.7 *1.1 9.6 16.2 19.3 9.0 3.6 Respiratory conditions ................... 75.3 160.6 99.7 69.7 42.6 85.4 146.7 107.2 86.7 57.9 Common cold ........................ 24.0 70.6 27.8 20.5 13.3 26.8 66.2 31.1 26.0 16.4 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 10.6 28.3 17.0 8.8 3.7 13.1 21.8 23.8 11.2 7.8 Influenza ........................... 34.1 40.5 46.2 36.4 20.8 35.5 34.0 46.3 39.6 24.9 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 9.9 4.1 2.7 2.8 5.7 12.6 4.5 5.6 4.9 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 *3.9 *1.5 *0.5 *1.6 1.9 *7.4 *0.7 1.7 *1.7 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 *7.4 *3.1 *0.9 *0.5 2.3 *4.7 *0.8 2.7 2.2 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 12.6 7.2 4.3 4.0 6.7 8.4 9.4 6.4 5.3 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 *5.1 *0.7 *1.1 *0.8 1.0 *1.6 *0.7 *1.2 *0.7 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 *3.6 5.3 2.6 *1.1 3.6 *4.5 6.8 3.4 1.9 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 *3.8 *1.1 *0.6 *2.1 2.1 *2.3 *2.0 1.8 2.6 Injuries............................. 25.8 31.1 27.9 31.1 15.3 22.0 19.8 24.1 22.6 20.5 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 *1.5 5.1 4.0 2.4 2.5 *2.4 4.1 *1.5 3.1 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 *1.0 5.8 7.6 4.0 5.3 *0.7 3.8 7.9 3.9 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 8.8 7.4 7.0 *1.9 2.7 *2.8 4.1 2.8 1.9 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 *4.3 5.4 5.6 2.6 4.8 *6.2 5.7 3.0 6.1 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 15.6 4.2 6.9 4.3 6.6 *7.9 6.4 7.4 5.5 Selected other acute conditions ............. 19.4 89.5 25.6 9.4 9.9 35.1 91.2 35.3 33.3 24.7 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 *1.7 *0.8 *0.8 *0.6 1.6 *3.5 *0.9 *1.0 2.3 Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 66.5 12.5 2.1 *0.9 9.4 58.7 14.8 3.3 2.8 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 *6.4 *1.7 *0.4 *0.8 1.6 *3.6 *2.3 *1.3 *1.3 Acute urinary conditions .................. *0.6 *0.5 *0.2 *0.6 *1.0 5.5 *5.2 *2.2 6.9 5.6 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 . . . *2.0 *1.1 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 *– *0.5 3.8 *1.1 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 . . . *0.4 6.6 *– Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 *4.4 *2.3 *1.3 2.2 2.7 *7.5 *3.1 1.8 2.5 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 *0.5 *1.1 2.6 3.8 4.5 *1.1 *2.0 4.4 6.7 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 *– *2.1 *1.2 *0.4 2.0 *– *2.8 2.3 *1.6 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 9.6 4.9 *0.3 *0.1 2.2 11.6 4.4 *0.7 *0.7 All other acute conditions ................. 10.1 22.5 8.4 8.1 10.6 15.2 25.0 12.0 14.2 15.8 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 7, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 13

### Table 3. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 175.3 279.4 162.1 110.7 153.9 184.5 153.6 109.4 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 21.6 49.8 15.9 6.7 20.2 33.1 16.7 *7.5 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 4.8 *0.5 *– *2.1 *4.4 *1.4 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 9.8 4.1 1.3 5.3 7.3 *5.1 *2.8 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 15.3 4.2 3.0 7.4 10.6 7.3 *2.6 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 20.0 7.2 2.4 5.4 10.8 *2.9 *2.1 Respiratory conditions ................... 82.4 126.1 81.4 49.6 65.7 76.1 65.1 51.6 Common cold ........................ 24.3 39.6 22.8 14.4 29.3 41.8 25.8 17.3 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 12.8 25.3 10.7 5.6 7.1 8.2 6.3 *6.7 Influenza ........................... 36.5 48.5 40.3 22.5 23.2 17.1 28.1 23.3 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 7.1 4.6 4.0 *2.4 *3.2 *2.0 *2.0 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 2.6 1.1 1.6 *1.7 *2.0 *1.6 *1.6 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 3.0 1.9 1.5 *2.0 *3.8 *1.3 *0.7 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 8.9 4.5 4.7 8.9 9.8 10.7 *4.4 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 *1.0 1.0 *0.7 2.6 *3.9 *1.9 *1.8 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 6.1 2.2 1.5 4.9 *3.7 7.7 *1.5 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 1.8 1.2 2.6 *1.4 *2.2 *1.1 *1.1 Injuries............................. 24.8 28.0 27.8 18.5 20.6 18.3 24.5 16.6 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 4.2 3.0 2.8 *2.2 *2.8 *1.0 *3.4 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 4.4 8.1 4.1 4.1 *0.5 7.5 *3.1 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 6.0 5.2 2.0 3.6 *5.3 *3.3 *1.4 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 5.4 4.4 4.2 5.2 *6.2 *3.6 *6.8 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 8.0 7.1 5.3 5.6 *3.6 9.1 *1.9 Selected other acute conditions ............. 28.3 52.0 21.9 17.8 24.9 35.6 21.0 16.4 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.5 1.0 1.4 *1.5 *1.0 *0.8 *3.3 Acute ear infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 30.9 3.1 2.1 7.6 20.5 *1.3 *0.1 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 3.2 *0.7 1.2 *1.5 *2.3 *1.6 *– Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 2.0 4.0 3.7 *1.7 *0.5 *3.3 *0.7 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 *0.6 *0.6 *0.1 *0.8 *1.4 *0.7 *– Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 1.0 *0.2 1.9 *0.5 *1.3 *– *2.1 *1.9 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 *0.1 3.3 *– *2.2 *0.3 *4.9 *– Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 3.8 1.7 2.2 *1.4 *3.4 *– *1.1 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 1.6 3.6 5.3 3.0 *– *3.7 *5.9 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 1.7 1.8 *0.8 *1.9 *1.0 *1.7 *3.5 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 6.4 *0.4 *0.5 *2.1 *5.2 *0.7 *– All other acute conditions ................. 12.5 14.5 10.7 13.3 13.6 11.7 15.7 12.8 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 8, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 14

### Table 4. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 207.0 265.6 215.6 135.2 171.6 250.5 179.4 100.8 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 16.2 32.0 13.7 *3.6 18.4 39.2 16.0 *4.8 Common childhood diseases ............... *0.7 *2.4 *– *– *0.7 *1.0 *1.1 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 *6.6 *2.4 *1.9 4.9 11.7 *4.1 *0.4 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 *11.1 *5.5 *1.0 6.1 13.0 6.4 *0.4 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 11.8 *5.8 *0.7 6.7 13.5 *4.3 *3.9 Respiratory conditions ................... 92.1 113.0 104.0 54.4 79.1 117.3 84.7 42.8 Common cold ........................ 34.4 58.8 33.6 *10.6 26.0 40.0 28.3 12.6 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 12.4 17.0 14.6 *4.6 8.6 15.0 7.9 *4.2 Influenza ........................... 38.0 31.1 48.7 30.4 31.3 37.6 38.9 17.9 Acute bronchitis ....................... *2.8 *1.6 *3.8 *2.5 7.5 11.6 6.3 *5.5 Pneumonia .......................... *1.4 *1.5 *1.9 *0.5 2.5 *4.8 *1.2 *2.2 Other respiratory conditions ................ *3.2 *3.0 *1.3 *5.9 3.2 8.3 *2.0 *0.5 Digestive system conditions ................ 10.1 12.0 13.1 *4.2 8.0 8.7 8.6 6.8 Dental conditions ...................... *2.8 *4.5 *2.8 *1.1 *0.9 *1.7 *0.8 *0.5 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 *4.6 *6.2 *2.3 4.7 *5.4 6.0 *2.7 Other digestive conditions ................. *2.8 *3.0 *4.1 *0.8 2.4 *1.6 *1.8 *3.7 Injuries............................. 33.9 32.0 37.0 31.7 25.1 23.5 36.6 13.3 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 *3.5 *3.3 *7.2 3.6 *2.5 6.4 *1.2 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 *5.0 13.7 *4.8 5.7 *2.9 9.3 *4.0 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 *6.6 *6.7 *3.0 4.6 *5.8 7.2 *0.9 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 *6.4 *6.5 *9.8 4.7 *6.1 *5.2 *3.1 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 *10.5 *6.8 *6.9 6.4 *6.2 8.6 *4.2 Selected other acute conditions ............. 36.5 54.7 32.3 23.6 25.7 45.8 20.3 15.8 Eye conditions ........................ *1.9 *0.9 *0.6 *4.6 *1.2 *0.6 *1.6 *1.2 Acute ear infections..................... 12.3 31.0 *5.5 *2.4 8.9 31.1 *1.2 *– Other ear conditions .................... *0.9 *1.3 *– *1.6 *2.1 *4.0 *0.8 *2.1 Acute urinary conditions .................. *3.1 *2.1 *3.2 *3.9 2.8 *1.1 *2.8 *4.1 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.5 *0.9 *0.6 *– *0.1 *– *0.4 *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *2.1 *– *4.4 *1.2 *1.5 *0.6 *2.3 *1.4 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *1.5 *0.8 *3.2 *– *1.5 *– *3.8 *– Skin conditions........................ *3.4 *3.8 *5.0 *0.7 *1.1 *1.3 *1.3 *0.7 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 *0.7 *4.8 *6.2 3.6 *– *4.3 *5.5 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *2.0 *1.3 *2.9 *1.6 *0.8 *1.2 *1.3 *– Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 11.9 *2.0 *1.4 *2.1 *6.0 *0.4 *0.9 All other acute conditions ................. 18.0 21.8 15.5 17.7 15.3 15.9 13.1 17.3 See notes at end of table.



### 15

### Table 4. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 173.6 263.2 161.2 111.9 175.7 282.8 146.4 115.2 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 20.7 41.4 17.6 6.8 24.6 56.2 14.1 9.5 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 6.1 *– *– 1.7 5.0 *0.6 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 10.1 4.5 *1.4 4.6 9.4 3.0 *2.3 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 12.2 5.8 *3.0 7.4 16.5 3.5 4.7 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 13.0 7.3 *2.4 10.8 25.2 6.9 *2.6 Respiratory conditions ................... 85.4 127.5 80.8 54.5 84.0 125.4 76.6 54.5 Common cold ........................ 25.1 41.1 23.2 13.8 25.4 40.3 20.7 17.9 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 13.4 26.7 10.9 5.2 13.4 24.6 10.3 7.1 Influenza ........................... 38.5 47.4 41.1 26.7 38.0 51.1 38.7 24.0 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 7.3 *2.4 5.2 4.7 6.4 4.3 3.6 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 *2.6 *1.5 *1.9 0.9 *0.5 *0.9 *1.1 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 *2.4 *1.7 *1.6 1.7 *2.5 *1.8 *0.7 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 10.1 4.2 *3.8 5.1 7.3 3.9 4.9 Dental conditions ...................... *0.8 *1.6 *0.4 *0.7 0.9 *0.6 *0.9 *1.3 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 6.0 *2.4 *0.7 2.7 4.9 2.3 *1.3 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 *2.6 *1.4 *2.4 1.5 *1.8 *0.6 *2.4 Injuries............................. 23.0 25.3 25.6 17.2 22.0 27.1 21.7 17.7 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 *4.8 *2.2 *3.8 2.2 3.9 *1.6 *1.6 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 *3.0 6.7 *2.8 6.0 4.6 7.4 5.1 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 6.1 5.0 *1.6 3.6 5.8 3.2 *2.0 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 6.7 4.3 *3.8 4.0 4.7 3.8 3.5 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 *4.8 7.5 5.3 6.3 8.2 5.6 5.4 Selected other acute conditions ............. 26.9 46.1 21.0 18.5 28.7 52.6 21.1 16.7 Eye conditions ........................ *1.1 *0.3 *1.1 *1.7 1.1 *2.5 *0.6 *0.6 Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 23.5 *2.0 *2.7 10.6 30.2 3.3 *2.4 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 *2.9 *1.3 *1.3 1.5 3.3 *1.0 *0.7 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 *2.0 4.2 *4.2 2.7 *1.7 4.1 *1.5 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.6 *1.5 *0.4 *– *0.6 *0.7 *0.8 *0.2 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *0.9 *0.4 *1.4 *0.7 0.9 *– *1.8 *0.4 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *1.4 *0.3 *3.0 *– 1.6 *– 3.8 *– Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 *3.6 *1.6 *2.0 2.8 4.9 *1.0 3.5 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 *2.0 *3.4 5.2 3.7 *1.9 3.8 5.5 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 *1.5 *2.5 *0.3 1.4 *1.9 *0.7 *1.9 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 8.1 *– *0.3 1.7 5.4 *0.3 *0.2 All other acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 12.8 11.9 11.0 11.3 14.1 9.0 11.9 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets I and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 9 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 16

### Table 5. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 161.6 176.6 155.0 199.6 174.6 166.6 179.7 160.3 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 24.5 16.6 24.4 17.0 21.5 19.2 23.0 18.6 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 *1.0 Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 1.6 7.0 1.7 4.9 4.0 5.4 3.6 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 5.5 9.1 4.6 6.5 5.4 7.2 7.1 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 8.1 7.3 8.9 8.5 8.2 8.7 6.9 Respiratory conditions ................... 73.4 87.4 63.4 105.1 82.4 80.3 83.8 73.6 Common cold ........................ 29.4 23.3 19.4 33.3 26.9 28.8 25.7 20.0 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 10.9 13.0 11.2 12.6 11.8 10.1 12.9 12.3 Influenza ........................... 26.0 42.5 25.0 49.1 35.6 34.0 36.6 32.2 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 4.9 3.9 5.2 4.6 3.6 5.2 5.0 Pneumonia .......................... *0.7 1.9 1.5 2.4 1.4 1.6 1.3 2.5 Other respiratory conditions ................ *1.1 1.8 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.6 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 5.2 6.7 7.0 6.5 7.2 6.0 4.8 Dental conditions ...................... *1.5 *0.7 1.3 *0.9 1.2 1.5 1.0 *0.8 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 2.9 3.6 4.1 3.2 3.8 2.9 3.2 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 *0.9 Injuries............................. 20.2 25.2 23.6 25.8 23.4 21.6 24.5 25.5 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 2.6 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.9 4.1 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 6.4 5.3 4.5 5.3 4.4 5.8 6.2 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 4.6 4.1 5.2 4.2 4.4 4.1 4.1 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.3 4.4 5.4 4.8 4.5 4.9 4.4 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 7.4 6.4 7.7 6.4 5.8 6.8 6.7 Selected other acute conditions ............. 26.5 29.7 24.7 30.1 27.8 24.8 29.6 26.5 Eye conditions ........................ *1.2 1.4 1.2 *1.1 1.2 1.7 1.0 *1.1 Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 9.6 8.5 11.8 10.0 7.3 11.8 6.6 Other ear conditions .................... *1.4 2.0 1.3 *1.1 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.9 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 2.8 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.2 3.2 4.3 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.1 *0.4 *0.7 *0.4 0.4 *0.5 *0.4 *0.6 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *1.0 *1.2 1.3 *0.5 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.5 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *1.2 1.8 1.5 *1.1 1.6 1.3 1.8 *0.9 Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 2.8 2.0 2.6 2.2 1.8 2.5 3.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 4.0 2.5 4.1 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.7 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.6 1.5 1.3 1.9 1.5 2.0 1.2 1.5 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 2.2 1.4 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.2 *1.4 All other acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 12.6 12.2 14.4 13.1 13.5 12.9 11.2 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets I and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 10 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 17

### Table 6. Number of acute conditions, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Number of acute conditions in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 445,169 73,473 109,073 44,403 127,222 90,998 56,898 34,100 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 54,201 11,210 20,778 4,668 12,066 5,478 3,873 1,605 Common childhood diseases ............... 3,798 1,757 1,424 237 380 – – – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 11,902 1,706 4,706 1,233 3,124 1,133 951 182 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 17,257 4,238 5,807 1,415 3,457 2,341 1,562 779 Other.............................. 21,244 3,508 8,842 1,784 5,106 2,004 1,360 644 Respiratory conditions ................... 208,930 31,499 51,209 20,831 63,925 41,467 27,937 13,530 Common cold ........................ 65,968 14,020 14,574 6,590 18,591 12,194 8,372 3,822 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 30,866 5,141 10,074 2,491 8,333 4,827 3,351 1,476 Influenza ........................... 90,447 7,645 22,921 9,783 31,351 18,746 13,058 5,688 Acute bronchitis ....................... 12,149 2,304 2,115 868 3,624 3,238 2,101 1,137 Pneumonia .......................... 4,220 1,150 551 441 761 1,317 450 867 Other respiratory conditions ................ 5,280 1,239 973 659 1,265 1,145 605 540 Digestive system conditions ................ 15,863 2,155 4,110 1,866 3,918 3,813 2,084 1,729 Dental conditions ...................... 2,891 691 355 463 771 611 437 174 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 8,323 830 2,992 1,135 2,114 1,252 687 565 Other digestive conditions ................. 4,649 634 763 268 1,033 1,951 961 990 Injuries............................. 61,887 5,246 12,904 8,267 20,726 14,744 8,659 6,086 Fractures and dislocations................. 7,893 392 2,289 840 2,100 2,272 1,218 1,054 Sprains and strains ..................... 14,195 174 2,408 2,639 5,740 3,235 2,198 1,037 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 10,874 1,200 2,846 1,486 3,796 1,545 1,105 440 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 12,117 1,064 2,747 1,234 3,421 3,652 1,796 1,856 Other current injuries .................... 16,807 2,416 2,614 2,067 5,670 4,041 2,341 1,700 Selected other acute conditions ............. 71,337 18,502 15,022 6,347 16,900 14,565 8,703 5,862 Eye conditions ........................ 3,160 535 403 200 774 1,247 316 931 Acute ear infections..................... 24,123 12,839 6,751 611 2,344 1,578 1,132 447 Other ear conditions .................... 3,781 1,032 1,000 85 808 855 421 434 Acute urinary conditions .................. 8,140 570 599 1,412 2,729 2,831 1,406 1,425 Disorders of menstruation ................. 1,146 . . . 480 185 436 45 45 – Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 2,652 – 117 587 1,476 473 419 54 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 3,707 . . . 91 1,219 2,397 – – . . . Skin conditions........................ 6,165 1,205 1,332 552 1,161 1,914 1,186 728 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 9,078 163 759 697 3,083 4,376 2,827 1,549 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 3,975 – 1,189 556 1,363 866 738 128 Fever, unspecified ...................... 5,410 2,158 2,301 243 329 379 214 166 All other acute conditions ................. 32,952 4,861 5,050 2,424 9,686 10,930 5,642 5,289 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 7.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.9 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 816,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 18

### Table 7. Number of acute conditions, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 195,919 38,882 53,011 71,633 32,392 249,251 34,591 56,062 99,991 58,606 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 23,831 5,759 10,202 6,181 1,689 30,370 5,451 10,576 10,554 3,789 Common childhood diseases ............... 2,067 866 931 270 – 1,731 892 493 346 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 6,040 918 2,463 2,049 611 5,861 788 2,243 2,308 522 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 7,281 2,091 2,632 1,878 680 9,976 2,148 3,175 2,993 1,660 Other.............................. 8,442 1,884 4,177 1,984 398 12,802 1,624 4,665 4,907 1,607 Respiratory conditions ................... 95,218 16,814 25,279 37,233 15,892 113,712 14,685 25,930 47,522 25,575 Common cold ........................ 30,299 7,393 7,041 10,926 4,939 35,669 6,627 7,533 14,254 7,255 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 13,369 2,961 4,307 4,712 1,389 17,497 2,181 5,767 6,111 3,438 Influenza ........................... 43,151 4,241 11,725 19,444 7,740 47,296 3,404 11,196 21,690 11,006 Acute bronchitis ....................... 4,564 1,038 1,032 1,439 1,054 7,585 1,266 1,083 3,053 2,184 Pneumonia .......................... 1,644 411 388 257 588 2,576 739 162 945 729 Other respiratory conditions ................ 2,192 770 784 455 183 3,088 468 189 1,469 962 Digestive system conditions ................ 6,900 1,315 1,826 2,270 1,489 8,963 841 2,283 3,515 2,324 Dental conditions ...................... 1,575 535 190 570 281 1,316 157 165 664 330 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 3,510 377 1,353 1,367 413 4,813 453 1,639 1,882 839 Other digestive conditions ................. 1,814 403 284 332 796 2,835 231 479 969 1,156 Injuries............................. 32,639 3,260 7,070 16,599 5,710 29,247 1,986 5,834 12,393 9,034 Fractures and dislocations................. 4,506 154 1,297 2,143 913 3,387 239 992 797 1,359 Sprains and strains ..................... 7,156 106 1,479 4,069 1,502 7,040 68 929 4,309 1,733 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 7,233 924 1,865 3,737 707 3,640 276 982 1,544 838 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 5,775 447 1,366 2,992 971 6,342 617 1,381 1,663 2,681 Other current injuries .................... 7,970 1,630 1,064 3,658 1,618 8,838 786 1,550 4,079 2,423 Selected other acute conditions ............. 24,572 9,375 6,497 5,026 3,674 46,766 9,127 8,526 18,222 10,891 Eye conditions ........................ 1,002 183 194 412 213 2,158 353 209 562 1,034 Acute ear infections..................... 11,634 6,961 3,182 1,141 351 12,489 5,879 3,569 1,814 1,228 Other ear conditions .................... 1,605 673 438 205 290 2,175 359 562 689 565 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814 51 55 338 370 7,327 520 544 3,802 2,461 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 1,146 . . . 480 621 45 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 2,652 – 117 2,063 473 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 3,707 . . . 91 3,616 – Skin conditions........................ 2,581 459 590 712 819 3,583 746 742 1,001 1,095 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 3,127 50 279 1,383 1,416 5,951 113 480 2,398 2,960 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 1,330 – 520 648 161 2,646 – 669 1,271 705 Fever, unspecified ...................... 2,478 1,000 1,238 186 53 2,933 1,158 1,063 386 326 All other acute conditions ................. 12,758 2,359 2,136 4,325 3,938 20,193 2,502 2,914 7,785 6,993 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 7.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.9 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 816,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 19

### Table 8. Number of acute conditions, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 376,062 154,351 143,214 78,497 50,855 20,850 21,633 8,372 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 46,374 27,530 14,059 4,785 6,665 3,738 2,353 574 Common childhood diseases ............... 3,054 2,629 425 – 689 498 191 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 9,926 5,414 3,589 923 1,746 823 713 211 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 14,285 8,466 3,681 2,138 2,438 1,202 1,035 202 Other.............................. 19,108 11,021 6,364 1,724 1,791 1,216 414 161 Respiratory conditions ................... 176,767 69,663 71,913 35,191 21,714 8,597 9,170 3,948 Common cold ........................ 52,150 21,870 20,100 10,181 9,680 4,725 3,628 1,326 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 27,431 13,977 9,474 3,981 2,333 925 893 516 Influenza ........................... 78,327 26,767 35,587 15,973 7,668 1,934 3,952 1,782 Acute bronchitis ....................... 10,916 3,949 4,098 2,869 795 360 279 156 Pneumonia .......................... 3,535 1,423 972 1,140 575 226 230 119 Other respiratory conditions ................ 4,407 1,678 1,682 1,047 664 427 187 50 Digestive system conditions ................ 12,149 4,892 3,937 3,319 2,939 1,103 1,500 335 Dental conditions ...................... 1,922 544 905 472 853 443 271 138 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 6,327 3,352 1,940 1,036 1,611 417 1,080 114 Other digestive conditions ................. 3,900 996 1,092 1,811 474 243 148 83 Injuries............................. 53,108 15,489 24,527 13,092 6,798 2,070 3,453 1,274 Fractures and dislocations................. 6,998 2,320 2,669 2,009 719 312 145 262 Sprains and strains ..................... 12,450 2,415 7,146 2,890 1,349 51 1,063 235 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 9,322 3,329 4,555 1,439 1,174 599 468 106 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 9,879 3,009 3,884 2,986 1,719 696 500 523 Other current injuries .................... 14,458 4,417 6,273 3,769 1,836 412 1,276 148 Selected other acute conditions ............. 60,758 28,748 19,363 12,647 8,233 4,024 2,951 1,258 Eye conditions ........................ 2,680 824 858 998 481 115 117 249 Acute ear infections..................... 21,298 17,085 2,697 1,517 2,512 2,315 188 8 Other ear conditions .................... 3,293 1,775 662 855 488 257 231 – Acute urinary conditions .................. 7,230 1,115 3,499 2,617 573 55 466 52 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885 317 522 45 261 163 98 – Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 2,152 117 1,705 330 445 – 302 143 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and

puerperium ......................... 2,932 54 2,878 – 725 37 688 – Skin conditions........................ 5,161 2,092 1,477 1,592 472 384 – 87 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 7,791 877 3,157 3,758 978 – 523 454 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 3,069 965 1,549 555 619 116 238 265 Fever, unspecified ...................... 4,268 3,529 359 379 680 582 99 – All other acute conditions ................. 26,907 8,029 9,415 9,463 4,507 1,317 2,207 983 1Totals for white and black do not sum to total acute conditions because other races are not included. NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 7.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.9 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 816,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 20

### Table 9. Number of acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 48,355 18,670 20,388 9,296 63,966 25,306 25,737 12,923 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 3,796 2,251 1,298 247 6,863 3,962 2,292 609 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 171 – – 253 98 156 – Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 826 465 229 132 1,834 1,186 592 56 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 1,372 783 521 69 2,285 1,315 920 50 Other.............................. 1,427 831 549 46 2,491 1,364 624 503 Respiratory conditions ................... 21,517 7,942 9,833 3,743 29,488 11,850 12,148 5,490 Common cold ........................ 8,035 4,131 3,177 727 9,709 4,037 4,061 1,611 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 2,890 1,196 1,380 314 3,187 1,513 1,138 535 Influenza ........................... 8,877 2,185 4,604 2,088 11,684 3,802 5,583 2,299 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644 111 362 171 2,787 1,176 910 702 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 107 184 34 937 480 173 283 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745 211 125 409 1,184 842 283 59 Digestive system conditions ................ 2,370 846 1,236 289 2,992 876 1,241 875 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650 315 261 74 349 170 117 62 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 1,065 321 588 156 1,755 548 867 340 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 210 387 58 887 158 257 473 Injuries............................. 7,928 2,252 3,500 2,176 9,342 2,379 5,257 1,706 Fractures and dislocations................. 1,050 245 312 493 1,331 257 922 152 Sprains and strains ..................... 1,980 354 1,293 332 2,136 297 1,328 511 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 1,303 466 633 203 1,719 581 1,028 110 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 1,740 450 615 675 1,762 613 751 398 Other current injuries .................... 1,855 736 646 473 2,394 631 1,227 535 Selected other acute conditions ............. 8,529 3,848 3,058 1,623 9,575 4,629 2,918 2,028 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 61 59 317 436 56 227 153 Acute ear infections..................... 2,867 2,182 520 166 3,313 3,139 173 – Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 94 – 112 797 408 120 269 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722 150 306 265 1,036 111 404 521 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 64 58 – 55 – 55 – Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 493 – 412 81 563 61 328 174 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 54 306 – 552 – 552 – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787 264 474 49 409 130 183 95 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 933 48 458 427 1,330 – 624 707 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 94 274 107 310 119 191 – Fever, unspecified ...................... 1,128 837 192 99 773 604 60 109 All other acute conditions ................. 4,215 1,533 1,464 1,219 5,706 1,609 1,882 2,215 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 21

### Table 9. Number of acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of acute conditions in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 94,062 38,040 37,895 18,126 176,197 79,308 64,002 32,887 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 11,229 5,981 4,139 1,109 24,633 15,768 6,153 2,712 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875 875 – – 1,696 1,415 281 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 2,740 1,456 1,052 233 4,621 2,649 1,325 646 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 3,629 1,765 1,373 491 7,467 4,626 1,512 1,329 Other.............................. 3,984 1,885 1,714 385 10,849 7,077 3,035 737 Respiratory conditions ................... 46,256 18,425 19,004 8,827 84,246 35,182 33,499 15,564 Common cold ........................ 13,624 5,934 5,449 2,241 25,450 11,301 9,034 5,115 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 7,256 3,863 2,557 836 13,424 6,897 4,491 2,036 Influenza ........................... 20,840 6,846 9,660 4,334 38,095 14,338 16,914 6,842 Acute bronchitis ....................... 2,472 1,061 575 836 4,703 1,804 1,863 1,036 Pneumonia .......................... 1,042 376 352 314 878 147 404 328 Other respiratory conditions ................ 1,022 346 411 265 1,696 695 793 208 Digestive system conditions ................ 3,073 1,462 993 618 5,143 2,044 1,710 1,389 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 225 93 116 935 168 409 359 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 1,557 864 576 118 2,746 1,370 1,019 357 Other digestive conditions ................. 1,081 373 324 384 1,462 506 282 674 Injuries............................. 12,485 3,661 6,030 2,794 22,109 7,594 9,472 5,043 Fractures and dislocations................. 1,823 689 520 614 2,225 1,085 683 457 Sprains and strains ..................... 2,455 428 1,576 451 5,980 1,291 3,224 1,465 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 2,301 878 1,170 253 3,618 1,624 1,417 577 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 2,595 974 1,008 613 3,985 1,305 1,681 999 Other current injuries .................... 3,311 693 1,755 863 6,299 2,289 2,466 1,544 Selected other acute conditions ............. 14,599 6,669 4,937 2,993 28,773 14,756 9,237 4,780 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601 50 269 282 1,132 707 253 172 Acute ear infections ..................... 4,312 3,400 471 442 10,608 8,471 1,455 682 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957 426 312 218 1,551 934 429 189 Acute urinary conditions .................. 1,960 287 994 679 2,714 486 1,792 435 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 212 90 – 598 203 350 45 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 504 55 335 113 882 – 777 105 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747 37 710 – 1,644 – 1,644 – Skin conditions........................ 1,212 523 369 319 2,820 1,367 451 1,002 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 1,921 289 793 839 3,761 531 1,672 1,558 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863 221 594 47 1,375 545 293 537 Fever, unspecified ...................... 1,221 1,168 – 53 1,690 1,512 122 55 All other acute conditions ................. 6,420 1,843 2,792 1,786 11,293 3,964 3,931 3,398 1Totals for income categories do not sum to total acute conditions because persons with unknown family income are not included. NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 7.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.9 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 816,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 22

### Table 10. Number of acute conditions, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of acute conditions in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 81,803 111,701 136,518 115,147 354,502 132,447 222,055 90,668 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 12,422 10,477 21,466 9,836 43,654 15,277 28,377 10,547 Common childhood diseases ............... 1,023 847 881 1,046 3,212 1,234 1,978 585 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 3,754 1,007 6,143 999 9,867 3,193 6,674 2,035 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,110 3,501 8,011 2,635 13,236 4,298 8,937 4,022 Other.............................. 4,535 5,122 6,430 5,156 17,339 6,551 10,787 3,905 Respiratory conditions ................... 37,170 55,255 55,844 60,662 167,305 63,813 103,492 41,625 Common cold ........................ 14,889 14,764 17,109 19,207 54,629 22,900 31,729 11,339 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 5,535 8,200 9,878 7,254 23,931 8,037 15,894 6,935 Influenza ........................... 13,181 26,895 22,045 28,327 72,232 27,024 45,208 18,215 Acute bronchitis ....................... 2,628 3,075 3,416 3,029 9,304 2,848 6,457 2,845 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 1,173 1,309 1,370 2,814 1,233 1,582 1,405 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569 1,148 2,087 1,475 4,394 1,772 2,622 886 Digestive system conditions ................ 2,617 3,315 5,864 4,067 13,128 5,754 7,374 2,735 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782 431 1,154 524 2,446 1,179 1,267 445 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 901 1,858 3,190 2,374 6,538 3,016 3,522 1,784 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 1,026 1,520 1,169 4,144 1,559 2,585 505 Injuries............................. 10,243 15,930 20,818 14,897 47,445 17,156 30,289 14,442 Fractures and dislocations................. 1,407 1,628 3,082 1,776 5,553 1,972 3,582 2,339 Sprains and strains ..................... 2,956 4,027 4,636 2,576 10,676 3,478 7,198 3,519 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 1,382 2,887 3,623 2,982 8,563 3,465 5,098 2,310 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 2,408 2,693 3,884 3,133 9,654 3,599 6,055 2,464 Other current injuries .................... 2,090 4,695 5,594 4,429 12,998 4,641 8,357 3,809 Selected other acute conditions ............. 13,408 18,761 21,800 17,369 56,358 19,722 36,636 14,979 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629 855 1,063 614 2,537 1,345 1,193 623 Acute ear infections..................... 3,758 6,080 7,490 6,796 20,365 5,782 14,582 3,759 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719 1,278 1,148 636 2,697 821 1,876 1,083 Acute urinary conditions .................. 1,849 1,802 2,696 1,794 5,731 1,775 3,956 2,409 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 278 626 209 821 366 455 324 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 502 732 1,127 290 1,789 854 935 863 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623 1,124 1,323 637 3,223 1,021 2,203 484 Skin conditions........................ 1,171 1,748 1,753 1,493 4,452 1,414 3,038 1,712 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 2,014 2,502 2,213 2,348 6,997 2,830 4,167 2,081 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796 946 1,130 1,103 3,116 1,604 1,512 859 Fever, unspecified ...................... 1,314 1,416 1,231 1,449 4,628 1,910 2,718 782 All other acute conditions ................. 5,943 7,964 10,727 8,318 26,612 10,725 15,887 6,340 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 7.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.9 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 816,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 23

### Table 11. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Percent All acute conditions ..................... 67.3 84.1 60.7 60.4 62.9 71.2 64.9 81.6 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 65.5 83.6 62.0 58.5 61.0 58.0 52.7 70.8 Common childhood diseases ............... 58.3 73.2 *29.7 *71.3 *88.7 *– *– *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 35.7 64.2 29.7 *29.4 31.0 *37.3 *31.3 *68.7 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 57.0 84.5 *49.5 *51.2 45.8 45.5 *41.0 *54.4 Other.............................. 90.5 97.2 92.7 82.7 87.4 84.3 81.0 *91.1 Respiratory conditions ................... 50.1 73.7 45.0 39.7 44.7 51.8 45.4 65.2 Common cold ........................ 40.9 67.6 32.5 29.0 31.4 41.1 36.0 52.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 80.9 94.2 76.0 77.4 81.6 77.8 78.0 77.6 Influenza ........................... 36.2 57.6 32.5 27.0 34.1 40.2 32.8 57.2 Acute bronchitis ....................... 90.9 95.6 86.5 *86.4 92.8 89.5 83.8 100.0 Pneumonia .......................... 98.7 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 96.0 *88.2 100.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ 89.1 91.3 *83.4 *89.7 89.9 90.3 *100.0 *79.4 Digestive system conditions ................ 60.7 79.0 37.3 51.6 55.1 85.8 78.8 94.2 Dental conditions ...................... 67.3 *64.3 *74.1 *43.2 *55.6 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 40.8 *75.2 *22.0 *43.5 40.6 *60.8 *35.5 *91.5 Other digestive conditions ................. 92.1 *100.0 *80.1 *100.0 84.5 97.3 100.0 94.7 Injuries............................. 91.7 93.4 94.9 88.5 91.0 91.0 91.2 90.7 Fractures and dislocations................. 97.3 *100.0 100.0 *93.2 92.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 88.0 *100.0 89.4 89.0 83.5 93.2 90.0 100.0 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 94.8 95.8 96.6 81.6 96.3 100.0 100.0 *100.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 92.3 100.0 98.8 87.2 96.8 82.8 79.1 86.3 Other current injuries .................... 89.7 87.8 89.5 91.7 90.9 88.1 93.0 81.5 Selected other acute conditions ............. 89.6 96.9 79.8 89.5 87.9 92.4 90.8 94.9 Eye conditions ........................ 96.6 *89.7 *100.0 *100.0 *93.4 100.0 *100.0 100.0 Acute ear infections..................... 97.1 100.0 92.9 *89.4 92.9 100.0 100.0 *100.0 Other ear conditions .................... 93.1 100.0 88.8 *100.0 *81.9 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Acute urinary conditions .................. 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Disorders of menstruation ................. 50.0 . . . *23.8 *100.0 *52.5 *100.0 *100.0 *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 100.0 *– *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 96.8 . . . *100.0 100.0 95.0 *– *– . . . Skin conditions........................ 99.0 100.0 95.6 *100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 *100.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 87.5 *100.0 *100.0 *90.0 88.0 84.1 83.9 84.5 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 46.0 *– *38.4 *48.6 *43.4 *58.8 *59.6 *53.9 Fever, unspecified ...................... 57.5 75.9 44.2 *– *37.1 *87.6 *77.6 *100.0 All other acute conditions ................. 88.5 96.8 88.2 76.3 85.0 90.9 84.5 97.7 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 6, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 24

### Table 12. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Percent All acute conditions ..................... 64.8 83.4 59.8 56.5 68.8 69.3 85.0 61.5 66.4 72.5 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 60.6 84.8 55.7 49.4 48.3 69.4 82.4 68.2 66.6 62.3 Common childhood diseases ............... 56.4 *77.0 *29.1 *84.4 *– 60.7 *69.5 *30.8 *80.3 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 32.4 *64.4 *22.1 *34.5 *18.8 39.1 *64.1 38.1 *27.1 *59.0 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 53.3 85.8 39.3 *33.4 *62.6 59.6 83.2 58.0 56.2 *38.5 Other.............................. 88.1 97.3 91.8 75.4 *69.1 92.1 97.0 93.5 90.6 88.0 Respiratory conditions ................... 47.0 70.1 44.9 37.5 48.3 52.6 77.8 45.1 48.2 54.0 Common cold ........................ 38.9 65.5 29.5 26.5 40.0 42.6 70.0 35.4 34.1 41.8 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 79.3 89.9 78.0 74.5 77.2 82.2 100.0 74.5 85.4 78.1 Influenza ........................... 34.3 51.1 33.4 29.4 39.1 37.8 65.6 31.6 35.1 41.0 Acute bronchitis ....................... 91.4 100.0 95.3 87.7 84.4 90.6 92.0 78.1 93.4 91.9 Pneumonia .......................... 96.8 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *90.8 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ 81.9 *86.1 *79.5 *71.9 *100.0 94.2 *100.0 *100.0 95.4 88.5 Digestive system conditions ................ 59.8 91.0 *37.1 39.1 91.8 61.4 *60.2 37.5 63.6 81.9 Dental conditions ...................... 74.2 *77.8 *100.0 *49.3 *100.0 *59.2 *17.8 *44.2 *52.4 *100.0 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 35.3 *100.0 *15.2 *26.8 *70.2 44.8 *54.5 *27.7 52.4 *56.1 Other digestive conditions ................. 95.0 *100.0 *100.0 *72.3 *100.0 90.4 *100.0 *68.5 92.9 95.4 Injuries............................. 92.4 94.7 97.3 90.3 91.3 90.8 91.3 92.0 90.3 90.8 Fractures and dislocations................. 97.7 *100.0 100.0 95.2 100.0 96.8 *100.0 100.0 *86.3 100.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 86.9 *100.0 90.4 83.3 92.5 89.0 *100.0 *87.7 87.2 93.8 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 94.7 94.5 100.0 91.1 *100.0 95.1 *100.0 90.1 94.7 100.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 92.4 *100.0 100.0 92.8 *77.1 92.2 *100.0 97.6 96.8 84.8 Other current injuries .................... 92.3 92.5 95.3 92.4 90.0 87.3 *78.1 85.5 89.9 86.8 Selected other acute conditions ............. 88.9 98.3 78.3 82.1 93.1 90.0 95.5 81.0 90.1 92.2 Eye conditions ........................ 94.4 *69.4 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 97.6 *100.0 *100.0 *90.9 100.0 Acute ear infections..................... 96.4 100.0 90.4 89.7 *100.0 97.7 100.0 95.2 93.7 100.0 Other ear conditions .................... 96.9 *100.0 *100.0 *75.1 *100.0 90.4 *100.0 *80.1 *85.9 *100.0 Acute urinary conditions .................. *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 100.0 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... *50.0 . . . *23.8 *66.7 *100.0 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 100.0 *– *100.0 100.0 *100.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 96.8 . . . *100.0 96.7 *– Skin conditions........................ 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 98.4 *100.0 *92.0 100.0 100.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 86.7 *100.0 *100.0 84.8 85.3 87.9 *100.0 *100.0 90.4 83.5 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *39.4 *– *18.8 *47.7 *72.0 49.2 *– *53.4 *43.5 *55.7 Fever, unspecified ...................... 60.5 89.2 *44.8 *– *100.0 54.9 *64.6 *43.4 *31.6 *85.6 All other acute conditions ................. 90.2 95.5 95.1 79.7 95.9 87.5 98.0 83.2 85.2 88.0 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 7, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 25

### Table 13. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Percent All acute conditions ..................... 67.4 70.5 61.8 71.6 69.0 71.0 66.4 70.5 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 66.7 70.8 61.4 58.4 56.7 61.0 52.4 *45.6 Common childhood diseases ............... 64.9 59.1 *100.0 *– *26.3 *20.3 *42.4 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 33.0 37.3 25.5 *36.7 49.8 *51.6 *50.5 *40.3 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 58.3 66.2 46.3 47.6 48.0 *47.5 *53.3 *23.3 Other.............................. 90.7 93.5 87.8 83.5 86.9 97.5 *58.2 *80.7 Respiratory conditions ................... 50.1 56.4 42.9 52.5 52.8 58.5 48.0 51.7 Common cold ........................ 39.7 49.9 28.8 39.3 48.5 56.5 38.8 *46.7 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 82.1 82.1 83.0 80.0 74.4 *81.8 *70.1 *68.2 Influenza ........................... 35.9 39.3 30.8 41.5 39.6 *30.2 43.2 *41.9 Acute bronchitis ....................... 91.1 90.2 91.5 91.8 *96.1 *100.0 *88.9 *100.0 Pneumonia .......................... 98.5 100.0 100.0 95.4 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ 86.9 84.0 88.3 89.4 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Digestive system conditions ................ 61.0 47.1 56.0 87.4 62.3 *64.9 57.2 *77.0 Dental conditions ...................... 68.6 *54.6 *60.7 *100.0 *66.8 *79.2 *29.9 *100.0 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 40.4 34.6 *37.3 *64.7 *48.9 *29.3 *58.2 *31.6 Other digestive conditions ................. 90.6 84.8 85.3 97.1 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Injuries............................. 91.2 94.9 89.3 90.4 93.9 89.4 95.0 98.3 Fractures and dislocations................. 97.0 100.0 92.1 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 87.1 91.1 83.7 92.4 92.1 *21.6 93.7 *100.0 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 95.2 98.2 91.4 100.0 92.3 *85.0 *100.0 *100.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 91.9 100.0 94.3 80.5 95.2 *95.1 *90.4 *100.0 Other current injuries .................... 88.9 88.4 89.9 87.9 92.7 *86.4 95.7 *84.5 Selected other acute conditions ............. 89.8 89.5 88.3 92.8 89.5 89.9 89.3 89.0 Eye conditions ........................ 96.0 *93.2 *93.9 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Acute ear infections..................... 96.7 97.2 91.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Other ear conditions .................... 93.1 93.6 *82.8 100.0 *93.2 *100.0 *85.7 *– Acute urinary conditions .................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Disorders of menstruation ................. *57.4 *36.0 *66.9 *100.0 *24.9 *– *66.3 *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *– *100.0 *100.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 98.4 *100.0 98.3 *– *90.1 *100.0 *89.5 *– Skin conditions........................ 98.9 97.2 100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *– *100.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 85.8 100.0 86.1 82.4 96.7 *– *100.0 *93.2 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 44.5 *32.0 *45.6 *63.2 *55.3 *81.9 *37.4 *59.6 Fever, unspecified ...................... 56.2 58.6 *– *87.6 *62.9 *61.9 *68.7 *– All other acute conditions ................. 87.7 90.7 83.1 89.6 93.9 100.0 88.3 98.4 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 8, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 26

### Table 14. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Percent All acute conditions ..................... 71.5 74.5 66.8 75.9 66.5 70.4 59.5 72.6 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 57.7 56.3 66.2 *25.9 65.6 70.1 48.9 *100.0 Common childhood diseases ............... *44.4 *44.4 *– *– *54.2 *50.0 *56.4 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *58.4 *60.4 *79.9 *13.6 *36.2 *36.9 *28.5 *100.0 Viral infections, unspecified ................ *25.9 *20.3 *37.8 *– 68.6 74.2 *58.9 *100.0 Other.............................. 89.3 *90.3 *87.2 *100.0 85.8 96.3 *51.6 *100.0 Respiratory conditions ................... 56.9 63.4 50.5 60.0 48.8 54.8 41.7 51.6 Common cold ........................ 51.4 58.8 43.5 *44.0 38.1 46.7 27.5 *43.3 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 79.2 86.4 72.4 *81.5 73.7 75.0 *68.6 *81.1 Influenza ........................... 46.7 52.4 42.2 50.6 33.7 34.5 33.5 *33.2 Acute bronchitis ....................... *95.2 *100.0 *91.4 *100.0 93.9 89.5 100.0 *93.4 Pneumonia .......................... *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 71.4 *74.8 *76.0 *– Digestive system conditions ................ 69.5 *58.6 69.8 *100.0 57.0 *66.1 *35.6 *78.3 Dental conditions ...................... *56.8 *52.7 *49.4 *100.0 *66.5 *100.0 *– *100.0 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *58.7 *37.7 *59.2 *100.0 *38.6 *45.8 *31.9 *44.4 Other digestive conditions ................. *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *89.7 *100.0 *64.2 *100.0 Injuries............................. 92.4 98.3 90.0 90.3 87.4 92.2 86.2 84.8 Fractures and dislocations................. 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 91.9 *100.0 *88.2 *100.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 89.7 *100.0 84.4 *100.0 84.5 *86.5 82.2 *89.6 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 95.4 *91.8 *96.5 *100.0 86.9 *89.8 83.8 *100.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 94.0 *100.0 *100.0 *84.4 86.5 *94.5 *86.0 *75.4 Other current injuries .................... 87.5 *100.0 *80.7 *77.4 88.7 *91.6 91.3 *79.6 Selected other acute conditions ............. 86.3 88.9 83.9 84.8 91.4 90.5 91.6 92.9 Eye conditions ........................ *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *75.5 *– *77.5 *100.0 Acute ear infections..................... 95.7 97.1 *88.5 *100.0 95.3 96.8 *68.8 *– Other ear conditions .................... *100.0 *100.0 *– *100.0 *79.5 *72.5 *57.5 *100.0 Acute urinary conditions .................. *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Disorders of menstruation ................. *47.5 *– *100.0 *– *100.0 *– *100.0 *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *100.0 *– *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *80.1 *100.0 *76.5 *– *100.0 *– *100.0 *– Skin conditions........................ *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ *77.2 *100.0 *73.8 *78.2 89.2 *– *100.0 *79.6 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *55.5 *100.0 *61.7 *– *69.4 *42.9 *85.9 *– Fever, unspecified ...................... *57.1 *64.2 *28.1 *52.5 *79.0 *83.1 *– *100.0 All other acute conditions ................. 90.2 96.4 82.4 91.6 87.6 98.7 78.6 87.0 See notes at end of table.



### 27

### Table 14. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Percent All acute conditions ..................... 65.2 69.9 58.5 69.4 67.0 69.6 62.7 68.7 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 62.5 73.6 46.0 *64.8 69.0 71.8 69.7 51.5 Common childhood diseases ............... *56.1 *56.1 *– *– 70.9 65.2 *100.0 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 40.8 *51.6 *20.0 *66.5 25.6 30.8 *18.2 *19.7 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 54.6 72.1 *36.5 *42.4 58.9 63.9 *48.2 *53.2 Other.............................. 86.2 100.0 69.6 *92.2 94.2 93.6 100.0 *76.1 Respiratory conditions ................... 48.6 56.3 38.9 53.5 48.9 54.3 43.6 48.2 Common cold ........................ 37.1 45.1 27.2 40.2 40.0 50.6 27.3 38.9 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 79.3 83.6 74.3 *74.5 84.6 81.5 91.9 79.1 Influenza ........................... 35.6 39.1 28.7 45.8 33.7 37.1 30.3 34.7 Acute bronchitis ....................... 91.9 100.0 *91.3 *81.9 92.9 91.5 90.3 100.0 Pneumonia .......................... 94.9 *100.0 *100.0 *83.1 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ 94.8 *100.0 *87.1 *100.0 93.6 *91.8 *100.0 *75.0 Digestive system conditions ................ 68.9 61.4 *66.9 *90.0 55.0 *39.3 *44.4 91.0 Dental conditions ...................... *61.3 *66.7 *– *100.0 *72.9 *67.9 *51.3 *100.0 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 52.5 *48.8 *59.2 *46.6 31.2 *21.0 *33.0 *65.0 Other digestive conditions ................. 95.7 *87.1 *100.0 *100.0 88.2 *79.6 *75.9 *100.0 Injuries............................. 93.3 96.8 93.6 87.8 92.2 94.9 89.9 92.3 Fractures and dislocations................. 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 97.7 100.0 *92.5 *100.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 93.1 *100.0 92.8 *87.8 88.2 91.7 84.9 92.4 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 90.8 94.2 86.4 *100.0 98.2 100.0 95.4 *100.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 98.2 100.0 100.0 *92.3 91.6 100.0 96.5 *72.4 Other current injuries .................... 87.5 *90.5 93.8 *72.3 90.9 87.7 88.2 100.0 Selected other acute conditions ............. 87.5 85.2 88.6 90.8 91.5 90.6 92.2 93.2 Eye conditions ........................ *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 Acute ear infections..................... 97.3 96.5 *100.0 *100.0 98.4 99.4 92.0 *100.0 Other ear conditions .................... 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 95.9 100.0 *85.1 *100.0 Acute urinary conditions .................. 100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 Disorders of menstruation ................. *67.2 *53.8 *100.0 *– *43.0 *– *60.3 *100.0 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *– *100.0 *100.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *93.6 *100.0 *93.2 *– 100.0 *– 100.0 *– Skin conditions........................ 100.0 *100.0 *100.0 *100.0 97.9 95.7 *100.0 100.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 82.8 *100.0 *87.1 *72.7 89.7 *100.0 90.5 85.2 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *27.9 *26.7 *30.5 *– *50.5 *26.6 *36.9 *82.3 Fever, unspecified ...................... *50.3 *48.0 *– *100.0 56.4 54.9 *55.7 *100.0 All other acute conditions ................. 82.4 91.7 78.3 79.1 90.7 86.9 88.2 98.1 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 9, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 28

### Table 15. Percent of acute conditions medically attended, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Percent All acute conditions ..................... 67.1 66.8 71.6 62.7 67.5 65.5 68.8 66.4 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 68.4 75.4 54.6 75.4 65.8 71.5 62.7 64.6 Common childhood diseases ............... *66.1 *62.1 *45.4 *58.7 61.3 67.0 57.7 *42.2 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 35.2 *48.6 34.6 *31.3 34.5 40.0 31.9 41.3 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 71.1 60.7 43.1 77.6 57.6 64.2 54.4 54.9 Other.............................. 94.5 92.9 89.3 86.3 90.6 92.6 89.5 90.1 Respiratory conditions ................... 49.6 48.4 58.7 43.9 50.7 46.6 53.2 47.6 Common cold ........................ 40.9 39.8 45.6 37.5 41.5 39.1 43.3 37.9 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 84.3 80.6 85.3 73.0 82.8 78.3 85.0 74.6 Influenza ........................... 34.3 33.7 47.4 30.7 37.5 33.9 39.6 31.0 Acute bronchitis ....................... 84.7 93.3 94.8 89.4 91.5 90.5 91.9 89.0 Pneumonia .......................... *100.0 100.0 96.0 100.0 98.1 100.0 96.6 100.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ *100.0 100.0 78.5 91.3 89.4 85.8 91.9 *87.4 Digestive system conditions ................ 66.8 53.6 66.3 54.5 59.6 59.8 59.4 66.1 Dental conditions ...................... *77.7 *68.0 *67.5 *51.0 64.1 *66.9 *61.5 *85.2 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *28.0 *27.6 55.9 35.8 37.1 39.3 35.2 54.5 Other digestive conditions ................. 94.9 94.8 87.2 94.1 92.4 94.1 91.3 *90.7 Injuries............................. 89.3 92.0 93.3 90.7 91.6 91.3 91.8 91.9 Fractures and dislocations................. 96.3 93.7 100.0 96.8 97.1 97.1 97.1 97.8 Sprains and strains ..................... 85.1 86.0 93.9 83.7 87.0 92.1 84.5 90.9 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 95.6 94.1 91.5 99.3 96.6 97.9 95.6 88.5 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 93.1 96.2 95.2 84.7 91.9 86.0 95.4 94.0 Other current injuries .................... 81.7 92.9 88.9 91.0 89.6 87.4 90.8 90.0 Selected other acute conditions ............. 86.7 89.6 92.2 88.6 89.9 88.9 90.5 88.3 Eye conditions ........................ *91.7 100.0 94.7 *100.0 98.0 100.0 95.6 *91.0 Acute ear infections..................... 97.3 98.3 99.1 93.5 97.0 98.1 96.6 97.2 Other ear conditions .................... *95.4 86.9 94.9 *100.0 94.4 *96.0 93.7 90.0 Acute urinary conditions .................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *18.0 *65.5 *54.1 *62.7 *50.8 *72.3 *17.9 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *100.0 *100.0 100.0 *100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *100.0 100.0 90.9 *100.0 97.8 100.0 96.7 *89.9 Skin conditions........................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.6 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 80.4 86.4 94.6 88.0 87.9 94.3 83.5 86.3 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *42.0 *50.2 *41.3 *50.0 48.3 55.9 *40.1 *37.6 Fever, unspecified ...................... *46.3 *54.4 67.8 61.9 56.4 48.2 62.2 *63.8 All other acute conditions ................. 92.0 85.2 92.0 84.8 89.9 87.5 91.5 82.9 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 10, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 29

### Table 16. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 693.3 876.3 632.6 639.1 663.9 731.0 629.9 895.3 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 71.8 199.4 136.2 53.2 45.2 33.5 28.0 42.5 Common childhood diseases ............... 13.1 61.1 32.6 *7.8 *4.0 *– *– *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 10.1 *22.8 18.3 *6.6 8.9 *4.3 *5.6 *2.2 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 20.2 63.3 29.7 *16.8 11.7 13.3 *10.3 *18.1 Other.............................. 28.4 52.2 55.6 *22.0 20.6 15.9 12.0 22.2 Respiratory conditions ................... 272.5 389.2 284.1 233.3 251.7 269.4 231.1 331.7 Common cold ........................ 61.8 135.6 62.3 67.8 50.8 52.3 47.2 60.7 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 28.8 41.6 42.9 29.1 26.1 19.8 18.2 22.2 Influenza ........................... 121.5 109.3 134.4 104.9 130.5 112.7 105.5 124.3 Acute bronchitis ....................... 25.9 41.3 27.7 *16.6 21.1 28.6 29.2 27.6 Pneumonia .......................... 24.8 39.5 *11.4 *11.1 15.7 42.6 24.9 71.3 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 *22.1 *5.4 *3.7 7.4 13.5 *6.2 25.5 Digestive system conditions ................ 26.1 *18.1 18.5 29.9 20.3 37.3 36.6 38.4 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 *6.9 *3.3 *6.3 *5.7 *3.6 *3.9 *3.0 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 *7.3 *9.3 *10.8 *4.4 *4.9 *3.2 *7.7 Other digestive conditions ................. 15.0 *4.0 *5.9 *12.8 10.2 28.9 29.6 27.7 Injuries............................. 168.6 *26.5 100.7 171.0 203.2 209.7 186.6 247.4 Fractures and dislocations................. 52.7 *2.7 47.4 30.6 44.5 83.7 63.7 116.3 Sprains and strains ..................... 44.3 *2.8 17.4 79.9 62.3 41.7 43.3 39.2 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 13.5 *5.1 14.0 *16.4 21.8 *5.9 *2.2 *12.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 18.7 *0.5 *10.9 *7.9 21.6 28.4 27.4 30.1 Other current injuries .................... 39.4 *15.4 *11.0 36.1 53.0 49.9 50.0 49.8 Selected other acute conditions ............. 97.7 191.7 71.5 114.0 92.1 90.6 76.3 113.8 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 *1.9 *0.3 *– *2.1 *5.2 *3.2 *8.5 Acute ear infections ..................... 18.8 137.0 24.1 *7.2 *4.0 *4.3 *5.6 *2.4 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 *9.8 *2.3 *0.5 *2.9 *0.6 *0.1 *1.3 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 *4.7 *3.2 *16.0 8.2 20.4 12.9 32.6 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.9 . . . *2.4 *1.0 *1.0 *0.0 *0.1 *– Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 4.9 *– *2.5 *12.6 8.2 *1.9 *3.0 *– Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 17.2 . . . 17.6 48.5 28.6 *– *– . . . Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 *7.2 *2.3 *4.5 *1.1 8.4 *5.0 *14.0 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 27.3 *– *4.2 *17.2 31.8 46.7 43.2 52.4 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 *– *5.7 *5.1 *3.5 *1.4 *2.0 *0.4 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 31.1 *6.9 *1.4 *0.8 *1.7 *1.3 *2.4 All other acute conditions ................. 56.6 51.5 21.6 37.7 51.4 90.4 71.3 121.6 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 21, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 30

### Table 17. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 594.7 856.2 586.3 566.8 567.0 787.0 897.4 681.1 747.1 869.5 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 66.1 196.3 115.6 40.9 32.0 77.2 202.5 157.8 53.0 34.7 Common childhood diseases ............... 12.1 58.4 25.6 *5.1 *– 13.9 63.9 39.8 *4.6 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 *23.4 *17.3 *8.4 *2.1 10.7 *22.2 *19.4 *8.3 *6.2 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 17.1 *55.4 25.4 13.3 *6.1 23.1 71.5 34.3 12.5 19.3 Other.............................. 27.3 59.1 47.3 14.1 23.8 29.5 *44.9 64.2 27.6 *9.2 Respiratory conditions ................... 243.8 380.3 279.7 211.0 227.9 299.8 398.6 288.7 282.8 304.5 Common cold ........................ 53.5 123.0 60.2 42.7 44.8 69.7 148.8 64.5 66.5 58.7 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 22.5 *50.3 33.5 20.3 *10.2 34.9 *32.4 52.8 33.1 27.8 Influenza ........................... 114.7 115.4 128.5 117.5 101.3 127.9 102.9 140.6 131.4 122.3 Acute bronchitis ....................... 21.3 *28.5 36.2 15.5 17.6 30.2 *54.6 *18.7 24.6 37.9 Pneumonia .......................... 24.6 *46.5 *14.9 *8.7 47.9 24.9 *32.1 *7.8 20.5 38.1 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 *16.6 *6.5 *6.3 *6.1 12.2 *27.8 *4.3 *6.8 19.8 Digestive system conditions ................ 19.6 *17.1 *14.8 15.8 28.9 32.2 *19.2 *22.3 29.2 44.4 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 *8.6 *2.9 *6.0 *4.7 *4.2 *5.1 *3.6 *5.6 *2.6 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *4.4 *2.6 *8.4 *3.8 *3.0 8.2 *12.2 *10.2 *8.0 *6.5 Other digestive conditions ................. 10.0 *5.9 *3.5 *6.0 21.2 19.8 *2.0 *8.6 15.6 35.3 Injuries............................. 169.0 *41.2 112.5 233.5 150.9 168.2 *11.1 88.3 158.8 259.4 Fractures and dislocations................. 53.3 *3.0 63.1 58.1 53.8 52.2 *2.4 30.9 24.9 109.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 42.9 *5.4 *9.6 70.5 36.5 45.6 *– 25.6 62.3 46.1 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 18.5 *9.0 *18.2 30.3 *4.4 8.8 *1.1 *9.7 11.1 *7.3 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 16.3 *1.0 *7.8 23.5 16.1 21.0 *– *14.1 13.4 38.8 Other current injuries .................... 38.1 *22.8 *13.8 51.1 40.2 40.7 *7.6 *8.0 47.1 58.1 Selected other acute conditions ............. 58.2 174.6 50.5 36.5 61.7 135.3 209.5 93.6 156.5 115.0 Eye conditions ........................ *2.7 *3.7 *0.6 *0.9 *6.5 *2.3 *– *– *2.2 *4.2 Acute ear infections..................... 15.4 106.7 23.8 *3.2 *1.4 22.0 168.6 *24.4 *6.3 *6.9 Other ear conditions .................... *2.2 *17.2 *1.7 *1.0 *0.2 *2.5 *2.0 *3.0 *3.6 *0.9 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 *6.8 *1.7 *2.8 *14.5 16.5 *2.4 *4.8 17.1 25.4 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... *1.7 . . . *4.9 *1.9 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 *– *5.1 18.2 *3.5 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 33.6 . . . 36.0 65.7 *– Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 *10.5 *3.3 *2.0 *9.4 *3.8 *3.8 *1.4 *1.8 *7.6 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 19.7 *– *5.9 23.1 29.8 34.5 *– *2.4 33.6 61.0 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *2.4 *– *5.8 *2.8 *0.1 *3.8 *– *5.6 *4.9 *2.4 Fever, unspecified ...................... *4.3 *29.6 *7.6 *0.7 *– 5.1 *32.6 *6.1 *1.3 *3.1 All other acute conditions ................. 38.1 *46.6 *13.2 29.1 65.5 74.3 *56.6 30.4 66.8 111.5 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 22, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 31

### Table 18. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 707.7 749.2 668.3 724.4 656.6 518.0 687.6 804.3 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 72.3 168.1 47.5 28.7 84.5 121.5 54.5 84.8 Common childhood diseases ............... 12.9 42.3 *4.8 *– 18.4 *44.9 *7.2 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 19.2 7.9 *2.9 18.3 *26.5 *11.3 *19.1 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 19.3 41.8 12.5 10.4 29.0 *30.1 *19.2 *45.3 Other.............................. 31.0 64.9 22.3 15.4 18.8 *20.1 *16.9 *20.4 Respiratory conditions ................... 276.8 334.2 251.5 263.6 234.5 206.1 234.1 277.1 Common cold ........................ 59.2 79.7 52.9 51.1 68.8 81.6 64.6 *57.7 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 29.7 47.4 27.7 18.5 20.5 *17.5 *20.0 *25.8 Influenza ........................... 124.5 141.7 126.3 108.9 103.5 *52.6 131.5 127.1 Acute bronchitis ....................... 27.9 35.9 23.5 27.1 *11.5 *16.8 *4.2 *17.0 Pneumonia .......................... 27.3 21.4 15.9 46.0 *14.9 *16.7 *12.6 *16.3 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 *8.2 *5.1 12.0 *15.3 *20.8 *1.2 *33.2 Digestive system conditions ................ 25.3 17.0 20.7 37.5 32.4 *26.5 *37.9 *31.0 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 *2.8 *5.5 *3.6 *8.6 *13.3 *7.1 *4.4 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 *8.7 *4.9 *4.1 *10.7 *10.5 *12.0 *8.4 Other digestive conditions ................. 15.5 *5.5 10.3 29.8 *13.2 *2.7 *18.9 *18.2 Injuries............................. 178.4 91.6 205.4 212.6 137.2 *30.9 180.0 215.5 Fractures and dislocations................. 60.0 42.4 48.3 88.1 19.3 *4.7 *7.6 *62.6 Sprains and strains ..................... 44.7 15.1 65.5 42.0 47.7 *4.4 86.2 *40.9 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 14.1 *10.8 23.9 *4.5 *9.2 *12.2 *5.3 *12.0 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 18.7 *8.8 18.2 27.0 21.6 *5.8 *18.2 *51.3 Other current injuries .................... 41.0 14.6 49.4 50.9 39.3 *3.8 62.7 *48.8 Selected other acute conditions ............. 97.3 107.3 98.0 88.7 103.9 99.0 107.0 105.6 Eye conditions ........................ *2.5 *0.7 *0.8 *6.0 *3.7 *1.4 *7.4 *– Acute ear infections ..................... 19.7 61.1 *5.7 *4.9 18.6 *53.0 *1.0 *0.1 Other ear conditions .................... *2.8 *5.6 *2.7 *0.6 *0.6 *0.6 *0.9 *– Acute urinary conditions .................. 12.2 *4.6 10.5 20.2 *9.4 *– *9.9 *22.4 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.6 *0.8 *0.9 *– *3.2 *6.7 *1.9 *0.5 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 4.2 *2.2 8.8 *– *6.5 *– *6.3 *16.7 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 15.3 *6.5 33.1 *– 24.6 *22.1 *40.0 *– Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 *3.7 *1.8 *8.0 *1.4 *0.8 *– *4.7 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 28.2 *3.8 29.1 46.2 28.0 *– *35.5 *55.3 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 *4.2 *3.8 *0.8 *3.6 *1.8 *3.7 *6.0 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 14.1 *0.9 *2.0 *4.5 *12.6 *0.4 *– All other acute conditions ................. 57.4 31.0 45.2 93.3 64.1 *34.0 74.1 90.2 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 23, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 32

### Table 19. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 1025.2 720.7 943.9 1448.4 832.6 744.6 821.2 914.8 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 66.0 104.8 *54.5 *42.1 64.2 127.0 51.9 *28.5 Common childhood diseases ............... *10.6 *24.1 *8.4 *– *7.9 *16.0 *9.2 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *7.8 *11.4 *5.9 *6.8 *13.8 *36.9 *9.7 *– Viral infections, unspecified ................ *19.3 *36.0 *12.5 *11.7 18.3 *35.2 *16.7 *7.0 Other.............................. 28.2 *33.3 *27.7 *23.6 24.2 *38.9 *16.4 *21.5 Respiratory conditions ................... 382.8 310.4 411.6 417.3 293.8 321.7 290.3 275.8 Common cold ........................ 95.3 130.0 87.7 *70.3 66.9 91.2 63.1 52.0 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 34.6 *27.0 *35.5 *41.1 27.6 *34.8 *33.6 *15.3 Influenza ........................... 179.5 103.5 226.8 192.2 116.8 90.3 150.3 100.3 Acute bronchitis ....................... *19.9 *22.4 *23.3 *12.8 32.8 *52.0 *24.1 *27.4 Pneumonia .......................... 28.4 *9.9 *21.2 *57.3 34.6 *26.9 *15.5 62.1 Other respiratory conditions ................ *25.1 *17.7 *17.1 *43.7 *15.1 *26.5 *3.7 *18.7 Digestive system conditions ................ 48.2 *24.7 *46.4 *74.8 38.4 *29.3 *36.9 47.2 Dental conditions ...................... *9.6 *14.3 *10.5 *3.7 *4.2 *11.6 *2.8 *– Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *15.0 *6.2 *12.7 *27.2 *9.8 *15.3 *11.9 *2.9 Other digestive conditions ................. *23.6 *4.2 *23.2 *43.9 24.4 *2.4 *22.2 *44.2 Injuries............................. 238.9 87.9 179.8 474.6 234.4 123.3 266.6 286.0 Fractures and dislocations................. 61.6 *36.4 *14.4 152.3 77.9 *48.8 79.5 99.0 Sprains and strains ..................... 66.6 *15.4 90.3 *86.5 57.7 *13.7 62.1 87.5 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *9.6 *15.6 *11.3 *1.0 19.2 *20.9 *31.2 *4.5 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 28.0 *6.2 *12.1 *72.0 26.9 *17.7 *15.3 47.1 Other current injuries .................... 73.1 *14.2 *51.6 162.9 52.7 *22.1 78.5 47.9 Selected other acute conditions ............. 152.8 151.2 121.5 197.5 131.8 122.1 142.8 127.1 Eye conditions ........................ *8.9 *2.3 *– *27.7 *5.7 *3.9 *0.7 *12.7 Acute ear infections..................... 31.1 *72.8 *9.9 *17.6 19.6 70.2 *1.5 *– Other ear conditions .................... *4.5 *15.0 *– *– *1.5 *2.7 *1.9 *– Acute urinary conditions .................. *15.5 *15.2 *8.7 *25.4 *14.6 *2.2 *14.8 *24.2 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.8 *2.7 *– *– *– *– *– *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *4.0 *– *10.0 *– *9.2 *1.6 *19.7 *3.6 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *15.9 *20.0 *24.3 *– 17.7 *21.7 *30.8 *– Skin conditions........................ *3.5 *2.6 *6.6 *– *6.6 *– *2.1 *16.8 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 54.9 *– *53.5 112.9 49.7 *– 68.5 68.0 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *4.5 *1.8 *5.0 *6.6 *2.4 *5.7 *2.3 *– Fever, unspecified ...................... *9.2 *18.7 *3.5 *7.3 *4.6 *14.1 *0.4 *1.8 All other acute conditions ................. 136.5 *41.7 130.1 242.1 70.0 *21.2 *32.7 150.3 See notes at end of table.



### 33

### Table 19. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 742.7 746.7 830.9 611.2 580.3 701.2 498.9 586.2 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 73.3 150.1 50.2 38.2 75.3 176.3 42.0 26.9 Common childhood diseases ............... *9.9 *37.1 *– *– 16.1 49.8 *5.0 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *10.3 *16.9 *9.7 *5.3 9.5 *19.4 *6.3 *4.7 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 19.2 *37.3 *12.7 *12.6 20.3 40.0 *11.3 *14.7 Other.............................. 33.9 59.0 27.8 *20.3 29.4 67.2 19.4 *7.5 Respiratory conditions ................... 275.4 347.8 247.2 251.8 247.0 311.3 224.0 218.8 Common cold ........................ 66.7 89.5 59.1 57.4 52.7 72.2 42.7 49.0 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 29.2 56.9 27.1 *7.6 30.0 44.4 24.1 24.7 Influenza ........................... 120.6 147.9 119.8 97.3 116.4 144.6 115.3 90.2 Acute bronchitis ....................... 25.0 *23.5 *15.9 39.6 28.9 38.1 23.8 27.8 Pneumonia .......................... 21.1 *19.3 *17.1 *28.6 14.4 *9.0 *12.8 22.0 Other respiratory conditions ................ 12.8 *10.8 *8.3 *21.2 *4.6 *3.0 *5.4 *5.0 Digestive system conditions ................ 19.5 *10.0 *21.7 *24.8 20.8 *15.1 15.5 34.5 Dental conditions ...................... *1.5 *1.1 *2.3 *0.7 *5.4 *1.2 *6.9 *7.5 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *5.5 *6.3 *6.8 *2.8 *4.2 *6.8 *3.9 *2.4 Other digestive conditions ................. 12.5 *2.6 *12.7 *21.3 11.1 *7.1 *4.8 24.7 Injuries............................. 212.2 90.9 338.3 137.4 116.3 68.3 108.9 174.9 Fractures and dislocations................. 63.7 57.9 68.9 61.5 36.3 25.7 22.1 68.5 Sprains and strains ..................... 49.7 *8.6 99.5 *14.2 38.4 *15.0 53.5 38.4 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 22.8 *13.0 39.5 *7.2 6.7 *5.8 *9.5 *3.2 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 29.0 *8.0 49.8 *17.6 11.2 *6.8 *7.4 21.5 Other current injuries .................... 46.9 *3.4 80.6 *37.0 23.6 *15.0 16.4 43.2 Selected other acute conditions ............. 102.3 116.7 111.0 77.0 82.5 94.3 78.5 76.9 Eye conditions ........................ *3.2 *– *4.3 *4.6 *0.3 *– *0.8 *– Acute ear infections ..................... 20.9 70.1 *2.5 *3.7 18.5 50.3 *7.0 *4.7 Other ear conditions .................... *4.0 *3.7 *5.0 *2.8 *2.1 *4.3 *2.0 *– Acute urinary conditions .................. *9.2 *– *11.5 *14.1 9.5 *1.2 *5.6 23.6 Disorders of menstruation ................. *1.5 *4.6 *0.6 *– *1.0 *1.2 *1.5 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *3.3 *0.8 *6.5 *1.0 *5.0 *3.4 *7.3 *3.2 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 21.4 *6.0 45.7 *– 18.6 *8.1 37.5 *– Skin conditions........................ *7.7 *5.9 *4.6 *13.7 *2.6 *5.5 *– *3.5 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 21.9 *0.4 *25.0 *36.5 19.4 *5.0 15.4 39.6 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *4.3 *6.8 *5.3 *0.6 *1.6 *3.1 *0.9 *1.4 Fever, unspecified ...................... *4.9 *18.2 *– *– *3.9 *12.3 *0.5 *0.8 All other acute conditions ................. 59.9 *31.1 62.5 82.0 38.5 35.9 29.9 54.2 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 24 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 34

### Table 20. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 658.4 652.8 657.2 823.6 675.7 669.9 679.4 756.5 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 83.6 57.3 75.6 71.6 73.2 59.8 81.8 67.0 Common childhood diseases ............... 19.8 *6.9 12.9 14.2 13.6 9.8 16.1 11.1 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 17.9 *6.1 12.4 *4.3 10.9 11.2 10.7 *7.5 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 18.5 15.4 25.7 18.5 20.4 17.8 22.1 19.4 Other.............................. 27.5 28.9 24.6 34.7 28.3 21.1 32.9 29.1 Respiratory conditions ................... 246.1 278.7 212.2 380.9 274.3 274.8 273.9 266.1 Common cold ........................ 72.4 58.6 43.5 84.0 64.7 73.1 59.3 51.5 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 27.6 24.7 27.4 36.7 29.3 27.5 30.4 27.3 Influenza ........................... 80.0 132.9 100.2 177.8 121.6 116.6 124.8 121.1 Acute bronchitis ....................... 23.1 27.0 20.5 35.2 25.7 20.2 29.2 26.5 Pneumonia .......................... 38.3 23.8 12.6 32.5 23.0 26.5 20.8 30.9 Other respiratory conditions ................ *4.8 11.7 7.9 14.7 10.0 10.9 9.4 *8.8 Digestive system conditions ................ 24.9 19.5 30.2 27.9 24.4 31.8 19.6 32.0 Dental conditions ...................... *5.9 *2.4 *4.4 *6.6 5.5 *6.9 *4.6 *1.9 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *3.3 *5.6 8.1 *7.2 6.5 *7.3 6.0 *5.7 Other digestive conditions ................. 15.7 11.6 17.7 14.1 12.4 17.7 9.0 24.4 Injuries............................. 148.0 145.7 190.1 179.0 154.1 140.1 163.1 220.7 Fractures and dislocations................. 55.2 46.6 57.8 49.4 46.0 37.3 51.6 76.7 Sprains and strains ..................... 42.0 38.7 45.5 50.6 43.1 39.6 45.3 48.6 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *10.6 11.5 16.0 14.4 11.8 13.9 10.4 19.6 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 13.9 *8.7 26.7 21.6 16.0 14.5 16.9 28.5 Other current injuries .................... 26.4 40.1 44.0 43.1 37.2 34.8 38.8 47.3 Selected other acute conditions ............. 106.2 91.3 88.5 111.3 97.3 102.7 93.9 99.1 Eye conditions ........................ *5.1 *2.3 *2.3 *0.8 *2.3 *3.9 *1.3 *3.1 Acute ear infections..................... 13.8 18.5 16.4 26.9 18.7 18.6 18.8 18.9 Other ear conditions .................... *1.0 *1.9 *4.0 *1.5 *2.0 *1.1 *2.6 *3.7 Acute urinary conditions .................. 12.4 12.0 13.7 *7.0 11.0 11.9 10.4 13.7 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.6 *0.8 *1.5 *0.2 *0.9 *1.5 *0.5 *0.8 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *3.6 *4.1 *3.7 *8.8 4.1 *6.6 *2.5 *7.8 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 20.4 14.7 16.2 18.8 19.5 17.2 20.9 *9.2 Skin conditions........................ *5.3 *5.4 *3.1 *4.7 4.2 *5.1 *3.7 *5.1 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 30.9 25.7 23.3 32.0 25.9 25.7 26.0 32.3 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *4.1 *2.8 *2.3 *3.9 3.3 *5.4 *2.0 *2.5 Fever, unspecified ...................... *9.0 *3.2 *2.0 *6.7 5.4 *5.6 5.3 *2.1 All other acute conditions ................. 49.5 60.2 60.5 52.9 52.5 60.7 47.2 71.6 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 25 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 35

### Table 21. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Number of restricted-activity days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 1,800,081 179,475 313,409 161,589 550,326 595,282 317,504 277,778 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 186,477 40,828 67,477 13,454 37,440 27,277 14,095 13,182 Common childhood diseases ............... 33,912 12,514 16,134 1,978 3,286 – – – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 26,309 4,670 9,076 1,660 7,380 3,523 2,829 694 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 52,444 12,956 14,739 4,255 9,683 10,811 5,201 5,609 Other.............................. 73,813 10,687 27,529 5,561 17,092 12,944 6,065 6,879 Respiratory conditions ................... 707,502 79,714 140,755 58,983 208,645 219,405 116,503 102,902 Common cold ........................ 160,502 27,770 30,860 17,149 42,112 42,610 23,768 18,842 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 74,873 8,512 21,274 7,365 21,630 16,091 9,189 6,902 Influenza ........................... 315,405 22,378 66,568 26,524 108,180 91,755 53,177 38,578 Acute bronchitis ....................... 67,152 8,449 13,707 4,202 17,523 23,271 14,709 8,562 Pneumonia .......................... 64,261 8,085 5,668 2,800 13,053 34,656 12,542 22,114 Other respiratory conditions ................ 25,309 4,519 2,678 943 6,146 11,023 3,119 7,904 Digestive system conditions ................ 67,643 3,714 9,147 7,549 16,853 30,379 18,472 11,906 Dental conditions ...................... 12,221 1,408 1,611 1,597 4,702 2,904 1,968 936 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 16,434 1,489 4,590 2,720 3,661 3,974 1,596 2,377 Other digestive conditions ................. 38,988 817 2,947 3,233 8,490 23,500 14,908 8,593 Injuries............................. 437,751 5,424 49,884 43,229 168,422 170,793 94,043 76,750 Fractures and dislocations................. 136,835 554 23,473 7,734 36,897 68,177 32,085 36,091 Sprains and strains ..................... 114,965 565 8,619 20,198 51,615 33,969 21,805 12,164 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 35,068 1,051 6,951 4,156 18,078 4,832 1,122 3,710 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 48,533 102 5,405 2,008 17,867 23,151 13,821 9,330 Other current injuries .................... 102,349 3,152 5,435 9,134 43,963 40,664 25,210 15,454 Selected other acute conditions ............. 253,700 39,252 35,440 28,831 76,384 73,794 38,472 35,321 Eye conditions ........................ 6,532 391 163 – 1,708 4,270 1,628 2,642 Acute ear infections..................... 48,714 28,053 11,949 1,824 3,352 3,537 2,803 733 Other ear conditions .................... 6,109 2,008 1,153 128 2,364 456 65 392 Acute urinary conditions .................. 29,998 953 1,590 4,045 6,816 16,594 6,494 10,099 Disorders of menstruation ................. 2,263 . . . 1,176 253 799 35 35 – Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 12,720 – 1,229 3,195 6,759 1,537 1,537 – Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 44,715 . . . 8,708 12,266 23,741 – – . . . Skin conditions........................ 11,509 1,480 1,164 1,137 872 6,856 2,512 4,344 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 70,842 – 2,082 4,345 26,395 38,020 21,774 16,246 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,111 – 2,830 1,285 2,894 1,103 984 119 Fever, unspecified ...................... 12,188 6,367 3,397 352 684 1,388 641 747 All other acute conditions ................. 147,008 10,543 10,705 9,543 42,582 73,635 35,919 37,717 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 36

### Table 22. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 752,249 89,652 148,678 302,577 211,342 1,047,832 89,822 164,731 409,338 383,941 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 83,656 20,559 29,312 21,841 11,944 102,821 20,269 38,165 29,053 15,333 Common childhood diseases ............... 15,359 6,120 6,502 2,737 – 18,552 6,394 9,631 2,527 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 12,079 2,448 4,380 4,466 784 14,229 2,222 4,695 4,574 2,738 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 21,627 5,799 6,432 7,109 2,287 30,817 7,157 8,307 6,829 8,524 Other.............................. 34,591 6,191 11,998 7,529 8,873 39,222 4,496 15,531 15,123 4,071 Respiratory conditions ................... 308,398 39,822 70,940 112,672 84,965 399,103 39,892 69,815 154,956 134,440 Common cold ........................ 67,676 12,881 15,266 22,816 16,712 92,826 14,889 15,593 36,445 25,898 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 28,432 5,265 8,500 10,854 3,812 46,441 3,247 12,775 18,141 12,279 Influenza ........................... 145,112 12,079 32,575 62,712 37,747 170,292 10,299 33,993 71,992 54,008 Acute bronchitis ....................... 26,977 2,989 9,180 8,258 6,549 40,175 5,460 4,527 13,467 16,721 Pneumonia .......................... 31,143 4,872 3,778 4,641 17,852 33,118 3,213 1,890 11,212 16,803 Other respiratory conditions ................ 9,058 1,735 1,642 3,389 2,292 16,251 2,784 1,037 3,700 8,731 Digestive system conditions ................ 24,731 1,793 3,753 8,426 10,759 42,912 1,921 5,395 15,977 19,619 Dental conditions ...................... 6,602 901 745 3,221 1,735 5,619 506 866 3,077 1,170 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 5,536 272 2,130 2,009 1,126 10,898 1,217 2,460 4,372 2,848 Other digestive conditions ................. 12,593 621 878 3,196 7,898 26,395 197 2,069 8,527 15,602 Injuries............................. 213,764 4,315 28,529 124,654 56,265 223,987 1,109 21,354 86,996 114,528 Fractures and dislocations................. 67,370 312 16,008 31,004 20,045 69,466 242 7,465 13,627 48,132 Sprains and strains ..................... 54,235 565 2,423 37,651 13,596 60,731 – 6,196 34,162 20,372 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 23,352 945 4,612 16,171 1,625 11,716 107 2,339 6,063 3,207 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 20,637 102 1,988 12,544 6,003 27,896 – 3,417 7,331 17,148 Other current injuries .................... 48,171 2,392 3,499 27,284 14,996 54,179 760 1,937 25,813 25,669 Selected other acute conditions ............. 73,558 18,285 12,800 19,467 23,007 180,142 20,967 22,640 85,748 50,787 Eye conditions ........................ 3,443 391 163 482 2,407 3,089 – - 1,225 1,863 Acute ear infections ..................... 19,427 11,172 6,041 1,705 509 29,286 16,880 5,908 3,471 3,028 Other ear conditions .................... 2,827 1,804 439 519 65 3,282 203 714 1,972 392 Acute urinary conditions .................. 8,029 709 433 1,499 5,388 21,969 244 1,157 9,363 11,205 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 2,263 . . . 1,176 1,052 35 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 12,720 – 1,229 9,954 1,537 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 44,715 . . . 8,708 36,008 – Skin conditions........................ 6,475 1,104 826 1,047 3,499 5,034 376 338 962 3,357 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 24,941 – 1,491 12,356 11,094 45,901 – 591 18,385 26,925 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 3,036 – 1,482 1,509 45 5,076 – 1,348 2,670 1,057 Fever, unspecified ...................... 5,380 3,104 1,926 350 – 6,809 3,263 1,471 687 1,388 All other acute conditions ................. 48,141 4,877 3,344 15,518 24,402 98,867 5,665 7,361 36,607 49,234 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 37

### Table 23. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 1,517,968 413,860 590,319 513,789 216,915 58,532 96,828 61,554 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 155,183 92,882 41,968 20,333 27,902 13,731 7,679 6,491 Common childhood diseases ............... 27,613 23,357 4,255 – 6,082 5,074 1,008 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 19,659 10,627 6,974 2,058 6,047 2,992 1,591 1,464 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 41,439 23,064 11,028 7,347 9,567 3,396 2,707 3,464 Other.............................. 66,473 35,834 19,710 10,928 6,205 2,269 2,374 1,563 Respiratory conditions ................... 593,742 184,615 222,128 186,999 77,461 23,284 32,973 21,204 Common cold ........................ 127,049 44,028 46,752 36,269 22,733 9,221 9,096 4,415 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 63,790 26,185 24,492 13,113 6,769 1,980 2,813 1,975 Influenza ........................... 267,089 78,267 111,548 77,274 34,192 5,946 18,517 9,729 Acute bronchitis ....................... 59,834 19,828 20,751 19,256 3,796 1,900 594 1,302 Pneumonia .......................... 58,474 11,798 14,074 32,602 4,908 1,884 1,779 1,245 Other respiratory conditions ................ 17,506 4,509 4,512 8,485 5,063 2,353 174 2,537 Digestive system conditions ................ 54,272 9,371 18,323 26,578 10,704 2,993 5,337 2,375 Dental conditions ...................... 8,988 1,520 4,900 2,568 2,829 1,498 994 337 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 12,036 4,786 4,357 2,893 3,519 1,187 1,686 646 Other digestive conditions ................. 33,248 3,065 9,066 21,116 4,357 307 2,657 1,392 Injuries............................. 382,768 50,613 181,388 150,767 45,328 3,489 25,343 16,495 Fractures and dislocations................. 128,598 23,397 42,681 62,520 6,388 532 1,064 4,792 Sprains and strains ..................... 95,951 8,338 57,856 29,757 15,772 502 12,142 3,128 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 30,291 5,968 21,137 3,186 3,039 1,374 747 918 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 40,091 4,856 16,053 19,182 7,135 651 2,561 3,923 Other current injuries .................... 87,837 8,054 43,660 36,123 12,994 431 8,829 3,734 Selected other acute conditions ............. 208,809 59,281 86,584 62,944 34,336 11,189 15,062 8,085 Eye conditions ........................ 5,326 391 665 4,270 1,206 163 1,042 – Acute ear infections..................... 42,247 33,734 5,038 3,475 6,137 5,991 138 8 Other ear conditions .................... 5,908 3,092 2,360 456 200 69 131 – Acute urinary conditions .................. 26,159 2,543 9,317 14,300 3,104 – 1,393 1,711 Disorders of menstruation ................. 1,201 418 783 – 1,061 758 269 35 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 8,984 1,229 7,756 – 2,158 – 883 1,275 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 32,859 3,581 29,278 – 8,119 2,493 5,626 – Skin conditions........................ 9,355 2,070 1,595 5,690 450 89 – 361 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 60,543 2,082 25,691 32,770 9,235 – 5,000 4,235 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 6,289 2,345 3,348 595 1,179 200 518 461 Fever, unspecified ...................... 9,937 7,796 753 1,388 1,487 1,426 61 – All other acute conditions ................. 123,195 17,098 39,928 66,168 21,184 3,846 10,434 6,904 1Totals for white and black do not sum to total restricted-activity days because other races are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 38

### Table 24. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 239,513 50,663 89,270 99,580 310,325 75,225 117,814 117,286 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 15,414 7,370 5,150 2,895 23,933 12,832 7,452 3,648 Common childhood diseases ............... 2,482 1,691 791 – 2,932 1,614 1,319 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 1,831 803 558 470 5,127 3,731 1,395 – Viral infections, unspecified ................ 4,516 2,532 1,182 803 6,838 3,552 2,390 896 Other.............................. 6,585 2,344 2,618 1,622 9,035 3,935 2,348 2,753 Respiratory conditions ................... 89,443 21,819 38,932 28,691 109,508 32,506 41,648 35,354 Common cold ........................ 22,266 9,136 8,296 4,834 24,938 9,218 9,050 6,670 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 8,083 1,895 3,361 2,827 10,295 3,514 4,818 1,963 Influenza ........................... 41,935 7,274 21,447 13,214 43,548 9,125 21,565 12,858 Acute bronchitis ....................... 4,649 1,573 2,199 877 12,213 5,250 3,454 3,508 Pneumonia .......................... 6,640 695 2,009 3,937 12,899 2,716 2,223 7,960 Other respiratory conditions ................ 5,870 1,246 1,621 3,003 5,615 2,682 538 2,395 Digestive system conditions ................ 11,268 1,735 4,390 5,143 14,296 2,956 5,294 6,046 Dental conditions ...................... 2,253 1,004 996 253 1,568 1,167 401 – Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 3,511 435 1,203 1,873 3,636 1,545 1,713 378 Other digestive conditions ................. 5,504 296 2,191 3,017 9,092 243 3,180 5,668 Injuries............................. 55,813 6,176 17,005 32,632 87,377 12,453 38,254 36,669 Fractures and dislocations................. 14,395 2,560 1,365 10,470 29,036 4,935 11,408 12,693 Sprains and strains ..................... 15,568 1,081 8,536 5,950 21,515 1,383 8,914 11,218 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 2,236 1,099 1,070 67 7,173 2,113 4,481 579 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 6,535 439 1,149 4,947 10,013 1,791 2,189 6,034 Other current injuries .................... 17,080 997 4,885 11,198 19,639 2,233 11,262 6,144 Selected other acute conditions ............. 35,691 10,629 11,487 13,575 49,114 12,336 20,481 16,296 Eye conditions ........................ 2,068 163 – 1,905 2,119 391 103 1,625 Acute ear infections..................... 7,261 5,118 934 1,210 7,313 7,094 219 – Other ear conditions .................... 1,054 1,054 – – 556 276 279 – Acute urinary conditions .................. 3,631 1,067 821 1,743 5,450 226 2,120 3,105 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 192 – – – – – – Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 946 – 946 – 3,446 162 2,821 463 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 3,709 1,408 2,301 – 6,608 2,188 4,420 – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810 184 626 – 2,461 – 303 2,158 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 12,822 – 5,057 7,765 18,542 – 9,826 8,716 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 1,048 126 472 451 907 576 331 – Fever, unspecified ...................... 2,149 1,317 330 502 1,712 1,421 60 230 All other acute conditions ................. 31,883 2,934 12,306 16,643 26,097 2,141 4,685 19,271 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 39

### Table 24. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of restricted-activity days in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 402,329 107,926 195,381 99,022 582,060 196,653 218,033 167,374 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 39,701 21,701 11,810 6,190 75,490 49,452 18,354 7,684 Common childhood diseases ............... 5,357 5,357 – – 16,145 13,954 2,191 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 5,570 2,437 2,277 855 9,531 5,449 2,748 1,334 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 10,415 5,385 2,986 2,045 20,359 11,213 4,952 4,194 Other.............................. 18,359 8,523 6,547 3,290 29,455 18,836 8,464 2,155 Respiratory conditions ................... 149,195 50,277 58,124 40,794 247,698 87,312 97,914 62,471 Common cold ........................ 36,140 12,943 13,899 9,298 52,902 20,253 18,650 13,999 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 15,820 8,221 6,361 1,237 30,046 12,466 10,528 7,052 Influenza ........................... 65,308 21,378 28,160 15,769 116,702 40,554 50,391 25,757 Acute bronchitis ....................... 13,549 3,394 3,734 6,422 29,025 10,678 10,398 7,949 Pneumonia .......................... 11,430 2,784 4,018 4,628 14,413 2,516 5,604 6,294 Other respiratory conditions ................ 6,949 1,557 1,951 3,440 4,608 846 2,342 1,420 Digestive system conditions ................ 10,568 1,447 5,105 4,016 20,867 4,229 6,776 9,862 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812 159 537 116 5,461 326 3,006 2,129 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 2,958 915 1,593 450 4,257 1,897 1,686 674 Other digestive conditions ................. 6,798 373 2,975 3,450 11,149 2,005 2,084 7,059 Injuries............................. 114,962 13,141 79,554 22,266 116,661 19,148 47,588 49,925 Fractures and dislocations................. 34,525 8,368 16,198 9,959 36,429 7,220 9,646 19,562 Sprains and strains ..................... 26,948 1,241 23,402 2,305 38,542 4,204 23,385 10,952 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 12,335 1,882 9,295 1,159 6,715 1,626 4,163 926 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 15,735 1,162 11,717 2,856 11,278 1,898 3,230 6,150 Other current injuries .................... 25,419 488 18,942 5,988 23,697 4,199 7,164 12,334 Selected other acute conditions ............. 55,438 16,863 26,103 12,472 82,744 26,455 34,330 21,959 Eye conditions ........................ 1,746 – 1,006 740 332 – 332 – Acute ear infections..................... 11,337 10,137 595 605 18,527 14,097 3,077 1,353 Other ear conditions .................... 2,184 541 1,187 456 2,114 1,220 894 – Acute urinary conditions .................. 4,982 – 2,698 2,284 9,535 328 2,464 6,744 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810 661 149 – 1,005 323 647 35 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 1,809 111 1,532 167 5,045 955 3,182 907 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 11,618 874 10,744 – 18,639 2,271 16,368 – Skin conditions........................ 4,152 853 1,080 2,218 2,565 1,556 – 1,009 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 11,840 60 5,873 5,907 19,450 1,396 6,752 11,302 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 2,324 989 1,240 95 1,647 862 397 388 Fever, unspecified ...................... 2,637 2,637 – – 3,886 3,447 217 221 All other acute conditions ................. 32,465 4,497 14,685 13,284 38,600 10,057 13,071 15,472 1Totals for income categories do not sum to total restricted-activity days because persons with unknown family income are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 40

### Table 25. Number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of restricted-activity days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 333,207 412,787 578,894 475,193 1,372,227 532,672 839,555 427,854 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 42,317 36,225 66,597 41,338 148,591 47,571 101,020 37,886 Common childhood diseases ............... 10,000 4,376 11,341 8,194 27,639 7,762 19,877 6,273 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 9,056 3,830 10,956 2,466 22,080 8,879 13,201 4,229 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 9,358 9,765 22,670 10,651 41,495 14,169 27,326 10,949 Other.............................. 13,902 18,253 21,629 20,028 57,378 16,761 40,617 16,435 Respiratory conditions ................... 124,566 176,228 186,935 219,773 557,004 218,510 338,494 150,498 Common cold ........................ 36,627 37,067 38,347 48,460 131,385 58,152 73,233 29,117 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 13,946 15,594 24,156 21,177 59,417 21,880 37,538 15,455 Influenza ........................... 40,478 84,046 88,307 102,575 246,898 92,679 154,220 68,507 Acute bronchitis ....................... 11,703 17,090 18,041 20,318 52,192 16,093 36,100 14,960 Pneumonia .......................... 19,401 15,022 11,087 18,750 46,798 21,035 25,762 17,463 Other respiratory conditions ................ 2,411 7,408 6,997 8,493 20,313 8,672 11,641 4,996 Digestive system conditions ................ 12,593 12,344 26,632 16,073 49,550 25,316 24,234 18,092 Dental conditions ...................... 2,993 1,504 3,915 3,808 11,127 5,478 5,650 1,094 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 1,660 3,520 7,101 4,152 13,213 5,788 7,425 3,221 Other digestive conditions ................. 7,940 7,320 15,616 8,112 25,210 14,051 11,160 13,778 Injuries............................. 74,913 92,140 167,415 103,284 312,920 111,413 201,508 124,831 Fractures and dislocations................. 27,950 29,476 50,929 28,480 93,462 29,644 63,818 43,373 Sprains and strains ..................... 21,233 24,484 40,063 29,185 87,455 31,489 55,966 27,510 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 5,346 7,277 14,117 8,329 23,975 11,072 12,903 11,093 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 7,031 5,521 23,536 12,446 32,440 11,557 20,883 16,093 Other current injuries .................... 13,353 25,382 38,770 24,845 75,587 27,649 47,938 26,762 Selected other acute conditions ............. 53,760 57,763 77,987 64,191 197,641 81,631 116,010 56,060 Eye conditions ........................ 2,585 1,434 2,070 443 4,760 3,118 1,642 1,772 Acute ear infections..................... 7,005 11,718 14,444 15,545 38,035 14,784 23,251 10,678 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527 1,233 3,484 864 4,008 835 3,172 2,101 Acute urinary conditions .................. 6,269 7,588 12,105 4,036 22,264 9,446 12,818 7,734 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 478 1,349 144 1,811 1,206 605 451 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 1,824 2,591 3,251 5,054 8,335 5,285 3,050 4,385 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and

puerperium ......................... 10,305 9,285 14,274 10,851 39,515 13,705 25,810 5,201 Skin conditions........................ 2,683 3,418 2,722 2,687 8,612 4,072 4,541 2,897 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 15,656 16,238 20,490 18,459 52,583 20,436 32,147 18,260 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 2,072 1,782 2,025 2,232 6,722 4,300 2,422 1,389 Fever, unspecified ...................... 4,542 1,998 1,774 3,875 10,996 4,445 6,551 1,192 All other acute conditions ................. 25,057 38,089 53,328 30,534 106,521 48,231 58,290 40,488 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 41

### Table 26. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 287.6 377.6 269.6 295.9 255.3 306.2 250.3 396.9 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 31.9 73.5 59.7 29.3 20.9 16.4 13.7 20.8 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 *12.9 *5.1 *3.1 *1.0 *– *– *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 *12.5 *9.7 *3.8 *3.8 *3.3 *4.5 *1.4 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 *28.6 16.9 *12.5 *5.2 *5.0 *3.7 *7.1 Other.............................. 13.9 *19.5 28.1 *9.9 10.9 8.1 *5.5 *12.3 Respiratory conditions ................... 133.1 181.5 140.8 128.4 121.5 129.5 110.3 160.6 Common cold ........................ 24.0 53.1 26.6 27.1 18.9 19.5 17.8 22.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 12.2 *15.4 20.8 *11.6 11.1 7.4 *8.1 *6.3 Influenza ........................... 65.5 57.4 74.7 69.1 70.0 56.2 53.5 60.6 Acute bronchitis ....................... 10.8 *14.4 *9.0 *8.6 10.4 11.9 14.4 *7.8 Pneumonia .......................... 15.4 *27.9 *5.5 *9.7 8.0 27.6 14.1 49.6 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 *13.4 *4.1 *2.4 *3.2 *6.8 *2.3 *14.1 Digestive system conditions ................ 10.9 *11.5 *8.5 *10.8 9.1 14.0 12.9 *15.9 Dental conditions ...................... *1.7 *3.2 *1.0 *2.4 *2.9 *0.3 *0.2 *0.4 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 *5.2 *4.8 *3.2 *1.5 *2.0 *1.9 *2.1 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 *3.2 *2.6 *5.3 *4.6 11.8 *10.7 *13.4 Injuries............................. 49.2 *9.4 21.1 61.5 51.9 69.8 58.9 87.5 Fractures and dislocations................. 15.6 *1.2 *8.4 *15.0 11.6 27.9 17.8 44.3 Sprains and strains ..................... 12.1 *0.7 *4.2 *23.1 17.1 11.2 12.1 *9.7 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *1.7 *2.4 *2.8 *2.0 *0.9 *1.7 *0.3 *4.0 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 *0.5 *2.4 *3.1 *5.6 *6.2 *4.9 *8.3 Other current injuries .................... 15.2 *4.5 *3.3 *18.3 16.6 22.9 23.9 21.2 Selected other acute conditions ............. 40.4 76.4 31.0 49.5 34.7 40.1 27.9 59.9 Eye conditions ........................ *0.2 *– *0.1 *– *0.6 *– *– *– Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 50.8 *10.0 *3.8 *1.1 *2.0 *1.7 *2.4 Other ear conditions .................... *1.0 *4.4 *0.9 *0.5 *0.9 *0.6 *0.1 *1.3 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 *0.5 *1.8 *10.9 *4.0 12.1 *7.1 20.3 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.4 . . . *0.7 *1.0 *0.6 *0.0 *0.1 *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *2.2 *– *2.0 *3.5 *4.4 *0.3 *0.6 *– Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 . . . *8.2 *22.5 11.1 *– *– . . . Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 *3.2 *0.4 *1.3 *1.1 *4.9 *2.9 *8.2 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 *– *0.5 *3.0 8.8 18.1 13.8 25.0 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.4 *– *2.3 *1.9 *1.7 *0.7 *0.8 *0.4 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 *17.6 *4.0 *1.2 *0.6 *1.4 *0.8 *2.4 All other acute conditions ................. 22.1 *25.2 *8.6 *16.4 17.1 36.4 26.8 52.1 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 31, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 42

### Table 27. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 236.1 372.4 231.2 209.5 239.1 336.5 383.1 309.9 318.6 362.8 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 28.8 71.2 48.2 18.2 18.9 34.8 76.0 71.8 27.4 14.3 Common childhood diseases ............... *2.4 *14.6 *4.5 *0.7 *– *2.8 *11.2 *5.7 *2.2 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *4.7 *12.1 *8.6 *3.6 *1.5 6.2 *13.0 *10.7 *4.0 *4.8 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 *26.2 *12.8 *7.0 *2.5 11.3 *31.1 *21.2 *6.8 *7.1 Other.............................. 13.3 *18.3 *22.2 *6.9 *14.9 14.5 *20.8 34.2 14.3 *2.4 Respiratory conditions ................... 117.9 184.2 132.6 105.9 106.5 147.5 178.7 149.5 139.9 148.8 Common cold ........................ 19.8 *46.1 25.4 16.2 *13.6 28.1 60.4 27.9 25.2 24.4 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . 8.4 *16.8 *15.0 *7.4 *3.1 15.8 *13.9 27.0 14.8 *11.1 Influenza ........................... 63.3 65.5 68.2 67.1 53.7 67.6 *48.8 81.4 72.4 58.4 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 *13.0 *13.2 *7.2 *5.9 12.9 *15.8 *4.7 12.7 16.9 Pneumonia .......................... 14.1 *32.1 *5.8 *5.4 27.1 16.7 *23.5 *5.2 11.2 28.1 Other respiratory conditions ................ *3.9 *10.7 *5.0 *2.5 *3.1 6.5 *16.2 *3.2 *3.5 *10.0 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 *10.0 *7.2 *8.4 *9.7 13.0 *13.1 *9.8 *10.6 17.7 Dental conditions ...................... *1.6 *3.6 *0.2 *2.9 *0.2 *1.8 *2.7 *1.9 *2.7 *0.4 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *2.5 *2.1 *4.5 *1.7 *2.6 *2.9 *8.4 *5.1 *2.2 *1.4 Other digestive conditions ................. *4.5 *4.3 *2.5 *3.9 *6.9 8.2 *2.0 *2.7 *5.6 15.8 Injuries............................. 44.6 *11.8 *21.1 56.3 53.1 53.6 *6.8 *21.0 52.1 83.9 Fractures and dislocations................. 15.1 *– *10.3 15.2 22.6 16.1 *2.4 *6.5 *9.7 32.3 Sprains and strains ..................... 10.9 *1.5 *4.8 17.0 *8.8 13.2 *– *3.6 19.9 *13.1 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *1.6 *3.6 *1.9 *2.1 *– *1.9 *1.1 *3.7 *0.3 *3.1 Contusions and superficial injuries............ *2.9 *1.0 *0.7 *4.8 *2.1 6.1 *– *4.2 *5.2 *9.6 Other current injuries .................... 14.1 *5.7 *3.5 17.1 19.5 16.3 *3.3 *3.1 16.9 25.7 Selected other acute conditions ............. 22.8 82.2 *16.4 11.5 26.6 57.1 70.4 46.2 64.1 51.4 Eye conditions ........................ *0.3 *– *0.3 *0.6 *– *0.2 *– *– *0.4 *– Acute ear infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 *51.4 *8.9 *1.2 *0.5 7.8 *50.2 *11.1 *2.3 *3.2 Other ear conditions .................... *1.0 *8.5 *1.1 *– *0.2 *1.1 *– *0.8 *1.6 *0.9 Acute urinary conditions .................. *3.3 *1.0 *– *0.2 *10.7 9.5 *– *3.7 *10.8 *13.4 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... *0.8 . . . *1.4 *1.3 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... *4.4 *– *4.2 *8.3 *0.6 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and

puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 14.2 . . . *16.8 27.1 *– Skin conditions........................ *2.6 *4.2 *– *1.3 *5.9 *2.0 *2.1 *0.7 *0.9 *4.1 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 *– *0.8 *5.6 *9.2 12.3 *– *0.2 *9.1 25.5 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.2 *– *1.7 *2.0 *0.1 *1.5 *– *3.0 *1.5 *1.1 Fever, unspecified ...................... *2.4 *17.1 *3.7 *0.7 *– *3.3 *18.1 *4.2 *0.7 *2.6 All other acute conditions ................. 13.2 *13.0 *5.8 *9.1 24.2 30.6 *38.1 *11.6 24.6 46.8 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 32, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 43

### Table 28. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 283.6 310.7 259.0 293.1 329.1 259.2 332.6 425.8 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 31.0 67.9 22.2 13.3 44.3 55.2 *31.8 *51.2 Common childhood diseases ............... *2.1 *5.9 *1.4 *– *6.5 *16.0 *2.3 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 11.4 *3.3 *1.9 *9.9 *8.6 *6.8 *17.6 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 20.5 *6.0 *3.2 18.4 *20.2 *14.5 *23.1 Other.............................. 15.2 30.1 11.5 *8.2 *9.5 *10.5 *8.3 *10.6 Respiratory conditions ................... 132.3 159.8 120.4 125.8 131.4 116.4 141.7 134.4 Common cold ........................ 22.6 34.5 18.9 17.9 29.4 *33.5 *30.2 *22.1 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 12.4 21.5 10.5 *7.7 *9.5 *7.9 *14.0 *3.4 Influenza ........................... 65.2 76.0 68.4 52.7 68.4 *34.0 84.0 90.4 Acute bronchitis ....................... 10.9 *10.7 11.7 10.0 *6.5 *10.3 *2.6 *7.9 Pneumonia .......................... 16.6 11.8 8.6 30.3 *11.4 *16.7 *10.1 *6.1 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 *5.4 *2.3 *7.3 *6.2 *14.1 *0.7 *4.5 Digestive system conditions ................ 10.2 *7.9 8.6 14.1 *16.4 *15.2 *18.2 *14.9 Dental conditions ...................... *1.4 *1.0 *2.6 *0.2 *4.5 *5.3 *5.5 *1.7 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *2.5 *4.7 *1.7 *1.9 *4.0 *7.1 *3.0 *1.4 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 *2.3 *4.3 12.1 *7.8 *2.7 *9.7 *11.9 Injuries............................. 49.8 20.4 55.5 65.8 53.3 *9.6 56.4 112.3 Fractures and dislocations................. 16.8 *8.0 13.6 27.7 *10.9 *– *3.8 *40.1 Sprains and strains ..................... 12.3 *4.0 19.2 10.3 *13.9 *0.4 *20.2 *22.4 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *1.4 *1.9 *1.4 *0.9 *2.6 *7.0 *0.5 *– Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 *1.9 *5.4 *4.8 *6.6 *1.7 *3.0 *20.4 Other current injuries .................... 15.0 *4.5 15.8 22.0 19.4 *0.5 *29.1 *29.4 Selected other acute conditions ............. 38.9 41.4 38.5 37.5 50.3 *45.8 44.4 *67.9 Eye conditions ........................ *0.1 *– *0.3 *– *0.9 *0.6 *1.5 *– Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 22.3 *2.0 *2.2 *9.3 *25.8 *1.0 *– Other ear conditions .................... *1.3 *2.5 *1.0 *0.6 *– *– *– *– Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 *1.8 *6.3 11.8 *5.8 *– *3.8 *17.9 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.4 *0.3 *0.7 *– *0.9 *1.5 *0.7 *0.5 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *2.0 *1.8 *3.8 *– *2.9 *– *5.1 *3.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 *1.2 12.8 *– *13.1 *6.9 *25.2 *– Skin conditions........................ *2.3 *1.5 *0.9 *4.6 *1.1 *– *– *4.7 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 *0.5 8.4 16.3 *10.7 *– *4.3 *38.2 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.2 *2.0 *1.5 *0.3 *2.0 *0.6 *2.4 *3.6 Fever, unspecified ...................... *2.8 *7.5 *0.8 *1.6 *3.7 *10.4 *0.4 *– All other acute conditions ................. 21.2 13.3 13.9 36.6 33.3 *17.1 *40.0 *45.1 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 33, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 44

### Table 29. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 480.6 302.9 453.1 700.2 357.9 332.9 321.7 418.2 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 35.9 *43.9 *33.5 *30.9 33.0 64.6 *26.3 *15.8 Common childhood diseases ............... *2.5 *4.9 *2.6 *– *2.2 *5.3 *1.8 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *4.3 *4.9 *2.1 *6.6 *5.5 *13.4 *4.8 *– Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *11.8 *22.1 *7.7 *6.8 *12.5 *24.0 *9.2 *7.0 Other.............................. *17.3 *12.0 *21.1 *17.5 *13.0 *21.8 *10.5 *8.8 Respiratory conditions ................... 212.4 140.2 249.8 234.6 148.9 166.1 152.0 132.0 Common cold ........................ 41.9 *54.3 *49.0 *19.6 27.6 *42.3 *18.5 *26.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ *14.4 *10.8 *17.3 *14.3 *13.2 *16.1 *17.9 *5.5 Influenza ........................... 108.0 *47.4 146.7 116.6 66.0 *52.3 91.9 47.9 Acute bronchitis ....................... *9.7 *8.2 *12.3 *7.4 *15.3 *21.6 *10.2 *16.2 Pneumonia .......................... *22.3 *8.6 *13.1 *49.0 17.5 *12.3 *10.6 *29.3 Other respiratory conditions ................ *16.1 *11.0 *11.3 *27.7 *9.3 *21.5 *2.8 *6.9 Digestive system conditions ................ *22.1 *10.6 *21.9 *34.2 17.2 *16.9 *14.5 *20.5 Dental conditions ...................... *3.9 *6.0 *3.9 *1.8 *2.1 *6.0 *1.3 *– Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *3.5 *1.8 *3.8 *4.8 *5.1 *8.5 *5.2 *2.4 Other digestive conditions ................. *14.7 *2.8 *14.3 *27.5 *10.0 *2.4 *8.0 *18.1 Injuries............................. 90.7 *26.6 *53.6 207.3 72.3 *29.9 80.4 96.7 Fractures and dislocations................. *20.5 *3.5 *5.3 *58.8 27.5 *18.3 *17.9 *45.4 Sprains and strains ..................... *20.7 *5.3 *24.4 *31.5 21.1 *3.9 *25.2 *30.1 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *4.4 *10.6 *2.9 *– *0.6 *1.6 *0.4 *– Contusions and superficial injuries............ *8.7 *0.9 *6.1 *20.5 *4.7 *4.9 *5.0 *4.2 Other current injuries .................... 36.3 *6.3 *14.9 96.6 18.4 *1.1 *31.9 *17.0 Selected other acute conditions ............. 55.8 *59.4 *45.0 *66.7 56.1 *46.0 *41.5 80.5 Eye conditions ........................ *0.3 *1.0 *– *– *– *– *– *– Acute ear infections ..................... *8.9 *27.8 *– *1.9 *10.4 *36.3 *1.5 *– Other ear conditions .................... *0.6 *2.1 *– *– *0.5 *0.6 *0.9 *– Acute urinary conditions .................. *8.4 *1.4 *5.2 *19.9 *7.8 *– *7.4 *14.4 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *– *– *– *– *– Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *2.6 *– *6.4 *– *3.0 *0.6 *5.8 *1.8 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *8.8 *14.1 *11.2 *– *5.1 *0.5 *13.0 *– Skin conditions........................ *1.2 *– *3.0 *– *6.0 *– *2.1 *15.1 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ *17.6 *– *15.2 *38.8 20.2 *– *10.3 47.3 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.6 *0.6 *2.2 *1.7 *0.4 *0.7 *0.4 *– Fever, unspecified ...................... *5.8 *12.4 *1.8 *4.5 *2.6 *7.4 *– *1.8 All other acute conditions ................. 63.8 *22.0 *49.3 126.4 30.4 *9.5 *7.1 72.8 See notes at end of table.



### 45

### Table 29. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 276.6 338.1 281.5 214.5 226.8 270.4 204.7 217.9 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 33.9 75.0 25.6 *9.3 27.7 60.6 17.2 *11.4 Common childhood diseases ............... *1.8 *6.7 *– *– *2.5 *6.1 *1.7 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *6.6 *13.6 *4.3 *3.7 *4.9 *10.8 *2.5 *2.7 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 *24.3 *9.4 *2.0 7.2 *14.2 *4.1 *4.9 Other.............................. 14.3 *30.3 *11.9 *3.6 13.2 29.4 *8.8 *3.8 Respiratory conditions ................... 129.1 170.9 116.5 110.0 114.6 138.1 105.9 104.9 Common cold ........................ 23.0 *29.4 *19.0 *23.0 21.0 28.7 16.9 *19.7 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 14.4 *28.3 *12.9 *4.1 10.9 *18.5 *8.9 *6.6 Influenza ........................... 67.1 85.8 67.4 49.9 59.9 75.8 56.7 48.9 Acute bronchitis ....................... *7.5 *9.0 *5.5 *9.0 11.8 *9.5 *13.2 *11.9 Pneumonia .......................... *9.9 *9.7 *8.2 *12.4 9.7 *4.8 *7.9 *17.4 Other respiratory conditions ................ *7.3 *8.6 *3.4 *11.6 *1.3 *0.8 *2.2 *0.4 Digestive system conditions ................ *6.0 *5.1 *7.3 *5.0 7.8 *6.3 *8.0 *9.1 Dental conditions ...................... *0.8 *0.6 *1.5 *– *1.4 *0.2 *2.9 *0.4 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *1.7 *3.0 *1.3 *1.1 *1.8 *3.4 *1.4 *0.7 Other digestive conditions ................. *3.5 *1.5 *4.4 *3.9 *4.7 *2.7 *3.7 *8.0 Injuries............................. 49.4 *17.5 80.6 *32.5 26.8 *12.9 22.7 46.6 Fractures and dislocations................. 15.4 *9.1 *19.5 *15.1 *5.5 *1.8 *4.1 *11.3 Sprains and strains ..................... 13.8 *1.0 29.4 *2.5 7.9 *3.1 *10.7 *8.5 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *1.8 *3.3 *– *3.3 *1.3 *1.0 *2.1 *0.5 Contusions and superficial injuries............ *5.5 *3.7 *10.3 *– *3.1 *0.4 *2.2 *7.3 Other current injuries .................... 12.9 *0.4 *21.4 *11.7 8.9 *6.6 *3.7 *19.0 Selected other acute conditions ............. 35.8 46.3 36.4 *25.4 37.7 44.3 36.7 32.5 Eye conditions ........................ *0.4 *– *0.9 *– *0.1 *– *0.3 *– Acute ear infections ..................... *7.6 *24.8 *1.0 *1.8 7.3 *17.5 *3.3 *3.5 Other ear conditions .................... *2.2 *2.1 *1.8 *2.8 *1.2 *3.0 *0.8 *– Acute urinary conditions .................. *5.0 *– *5.9 *8.3 *4.9 *0.4 *3.4 *11.8 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.7 *1.5 *0.6 *– *0.5 *0.4 *0.7 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *2.1 *– *4.6 *0.3 *2.2 *3.4 *3.0 *– Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *5.5 *4.3 *10.0 *– 10.5 *8.1 19.0 *– Skin conditions........................ *2.3 *– *2.6 *3.9 *1.5 *3.0 *– *2.4 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ *6.0 *0.4 *7.9 *8.1 6.3 *0.4 *5.6 *13.2 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.2 *2.6 *1.1 *0.3 *0.9 *2.0 *0.3 *0.9 Fever, unspecified ...................... *2.9 *10.7 *– *– *2.1 *6.2 *0.5 *0.6 All other acute conditions ................. 22.4 *23.3 *15.2 *32.1 12.3 *8.1 14.1 *13.6 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 34 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 46

### Table 30. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions per 100 persons per year, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 247.8 278.2 274.7 352.4 284.4 292.7 279.1 299.0 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 32.4 25.1 36.1 32.4 31.7 28.3 34.0 32.3 Common childhood diseases ............... *1.2 *1.7 *3.5 *3.4 *2.4 *2.0 *2.7 *3.3 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *9.3 *2.3 7.6 *2.3 5.8 *5.6 5.9 *4.2 Viral infections, unspecified ................ *9.6 *5.8 13.8 *8.7 9.6 9.9 9.5 10.9 Other.............................. 12.3 15.2 11.2 17.9 13.9 10.8 15.9 13.9 Respiratory conditions ................... 118.3 133.9 111.0 178.9 135.0 135.0 135.0 126.4 Common cold ........................ 25.0 22.6 18.0 33.9 24.8 30.1 21.3 21.4 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . *11.7 11.0 14.1 11.1 12.2 10.9 13.0 12.2 Influenza ........................... 44.1 70.5 57.6 90.8 67.0 65.1 68.2 60.2 Acute bronchitis ....................... *8.8 10.3 10.6 13.3 10.8 *7.2 13.0 10.7 Pneumonia .......................... 25.1 14.4 7.2 20.5 14.9 17.0 13.6 17.1 Other respiratory conditions ................ *3.6 *5.1 *3.5 *9.3 5.4 *4.7 5.8 *4.7 Digestive system conditions ................ *4.9 9.6 13.9 12.9 10.5 15.7 7.1 12.4 Dental conditions ...................... *2.4 *1.3 *2.3 *0.7 *1.8 *3.1 *1.1 *1.2 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *1.0 *2.1 *3.7 *3.5 *2.6 *3.7 *1.9 *3.2 Other digestive conditions ................. *1.5 *6.2 7.9 *8.7 6.0 8.9 *4.1 *8.0 Injuries............................. 42.4 43.1 49.1 62.1 46.3 43.9 47.9 59.6 Fractures and dislocations................. 18.9 10.6 16.2 17.4 13.7 10.4 15.9 22.4 Sprains and strains ..................... 14.7 12.0 9.5 13.8 12.2 12.2 12.3 11.4 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *0.5 *3.4 *0.5 *2.9 *1.8 *2.7 *1.2 *1.6 Contusions and superficial injuries............ *1.5 *2.4 *6.2 *6.9 4.2 *4.5 *3.9 *5.8 Other current injuries .................... *6.7 14.8 16.6 21.1 14.4 14.1 14.6 18.3 Selected other acute conditions ............. 36.4 39.0 40.5 45.2 40.0 42.9 38.1 41.9 Eye conditions ........................ *0.4 *0.1 *0.2 *0.3 *0.3 *0.4 *0.2 *– Acute ear infections ..................... *4.9 *5.1 7.5 11.4 7.0 *7.0 6.9 *8.3 Other ear conditions .................... *0.1 *0.7 *2.1 *0.6 *0.7 *0.3 *0.9 *2.4 Acute urinary conditions .................. *5.8 *5.6 10.2 *2.6 6.4 *7.3 5.9 *6.9 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.1 *0.2 *1.0 *– *0.4 *0.7 *0.2 *0.4 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *0.6 *2.7 *1.8 *3.8 *1.8 *2.2 *1.6 *3.8 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *6.6 *8.2 *6.1 *8.7 8.7 8.2 9.1 *2.1 Skin conditions........................ *1.7 *3.2 *2.1 *2.3 *2.3 *4.0 *1.3 *2.2 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ *8.6 10.4 7.6 *9.4 7.5 *6.7 8.0 13.8 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *2.2 *0.7 *1.1 *1.7 *1.5 *2.2 *1.1 *0.8 Fever, unspecified ...................... *5.4 *2.2 *0.9 *4.4 3.4 *4.1 *2.9 *1.1 All other acute conditions ................. 13.4 27.5 24.1 20.9 20.9 26.9 17.1 26.4 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 35 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 47

### Table 31. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years 65 years and over Number of bed days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 746,645 77,332 133,582 74,829 211,587 249,316 126,187 123,129 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 82,719 15,062 29,588 7,396 17,321 13,353 6,914 6,439 Common childhood diseases ............... 6,749 2,648 2,518 781 802 – – – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 14,175 2,562 4,786 952 3,186 2,690 2,269 421 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 25,746 5,858 8,373 3,162 4,297 4,055 1,863 2,192 Other.............................. 36,050 3,994 13,910 2,501 9,037 6,608 2,782 3,826 Respiratory conditions ................... 345,590 37,171 69,773 32,475 100,751 105,420 55,582 49,838 Common cold ........................ 62,383 10,869 13,184 6,841 15,628 15,862 8,978 6,884 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 31,642 3,152 10,325 2,933 9,169 6,064 4,095 1,968 Influenza ........................... 170,066 11,747 37,001 17,473 58,063 45,782 26,991 18,791 Acute bronchitis ....................... 27,922 2,947 4,480 2,186 8,652 9,656 7,240 2,416 Pneumonia .......................... 39,993 5,712 2,735 2,442 6,593 22,512 7,121 15,391 Other respiratory conditions ................ 13,583 2,744 2,049 600 2,646 5,544 1,157 4,387 Digestive system conditions ................ 28,259 2,364 4,187 2,743 7,541 11,424 6,481 4,943 Dental conditions ...................... 4,431 649 520 595 2,431 236 109 127 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 7,138 1,062 2,378 819 1,269 1,610 966 644 Other digestive conditions ................. 16,690 652 1,290 1,329 3,841 9,578 5,406 4,172 Injuries............................. 127,756 1,915 10,431 15,552 43,040 56,818 29,675 27,142 Fractures and dislocations................. 40,553 242 4,177 3,786 9,656 22,693 8,948 13,745 Sprains and strains ..................... 31,340 153 2,090 5,842 14,173 9,083 6,079 3,004 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 4,534 488 1,369 507 784 1,385 131 1,254 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 11,737 102 1,170 783 4,656 5,027 2,461 2,567 Other current injuries .................... 39,591 930 1,625 4,634 13,772 18,630 12,057 6,573 Selected other acute conditions ............. 104,896 15,655 15,338 12,513 28,751 32,639 14,042 18,597 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582 – 68 – 513 – – – Acute ear infections..................... 18,838 10,411 4,939 962 935 1,591 858 733 Other ear conditions .................... 2,690 891 468 128 748 456 65 392 Acute urinary conditions .................. 16,930 101 887 2,762 3,294 9,885 3,589 6,296 Disorders of menstruation ................. 1,083 . . . 329 253 467 35 35 – Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 5,814 – 1,011 879 3,642 281 281 – Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 18,919 . . . 4,074 5,681 9,164 – – . . . Skin conditions........................ 6,015 654 177 320 872 3,992 1,440 2,552 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 22,995 – 257 757 7,264 14,718 6,959 7,759 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 3,574 – 1,162 478 1,396 538 419 119 Fever, unspecified ...................... 7,456 3,598 1,965 292 457 1,143 396 747 All other acute conditions ................. 57,426 5,166 4,265 4,150 14,182 29,663 13,492 16,170 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 48

### Table 32. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Male Female All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 5 years 5–17 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 298,602 38,989 58,644 111,859 89,109 448,044 38,343 74,938 174,556 160,207 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 36,448 7,455 12,228 9,719 7,046 46,271 7,606 17,360 14,998 6,308 Common childhood diseases ............... 3,031 1,527 1,141 363 – 3,718 1,121 1,377 1,220 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 5,978 1,264 2,192 1,948 574 8,197 1,297 2,594 2,189 2,116 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 10,638 2,748 3,255 3,720 916 15,108 3,111 5,119 3,739 3,139 Other.............................. 16,800 1,916 5,640 3,689 5,556 19,249 2,078 8,270 7,849 1,052 Respiratory conditions ................... 149,168 19,285 33,622 56,560 39,701 196,422 17,886 36,151 76,666 65,719 Common cold ........................ 24,989 4,826 6,432 8,655 5,076 37,395 6,043 6,752 13,814 10,786 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 10,672 1,758 3,795 3,971 1,148 20,970 1,394 6,530 8,130 4,916 Influenza ........................... 80,019 6,862 17,304 35,843 20,009 90,047 4,885 19,696 39,693 25,773 Acute bronchitis ....................... 10,775 1,363 3,341 3,858 2,214 17,146 1,585 1,139 6,981 7,442 Pneumonia .......................... 17,818 3,358 1,477 2,878 10,105 22,176 2,354 1,258 6,156 12,407 Other respiratory conditions ................ 4,895 1,119 1,272 1,354 1,150 8,688 1,625 777 1,892 4,394 Digestive system conditions ................ 10,993 1,052 1,821 4,495 3,625 17,267 1,312 2,366 5,790 7,799 Dental conditions ...................... 2,018 379 55 1,522 62 2,413 270 465 1,504 174 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 3,222 217 1,137 884 984 3,916 845 1,240 1,204 626 Other digestive conditions ................. 5,753 455 629 2,089 2,580 10,937 197 661 3,082 6,998 Injuries............................. 56,427 1,233 5,353 30,056 19,785 71,328 681 5,078 28,536 37,033 Fractures and dislocations................. 19,147 – 2,606 8,111 8,429 21,406 242 1,570 5,331 14,263 Sprains and strains ..................... 13,742 153 1,224 9,086 3,279 17,599 – 866 10,929 5,804 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 2,001 382 478 1,141 – 2,533 107 891 150 1,385 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 3,647 102 165 2,589 792 8,090 – 1,004 2,850 4,236 Other current injuries .................... 17,890 597 879 9,129 7,285 21,701 332 747 9,277 11,345 Selected other acute conditions ............. 28,853 8,608 4,158 6,155 9,933 76,043 7,048 11,181 35,109 22,706 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 – 68 298 – 216 – – 216 – Acute ear infections..................... 8,446 5,383 2,252 617 194 10,392 5,028 2,687 1,280 1,398 Other ear conditions .................... 1,224 891 268 – 65 1,467 – 200 875 392 Acute urinary conditions .................. 4,219 101 – 129 3,989 12,711 – 887 5,927 5,896 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 1,083 . . . 329 720 35 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 5,814 – 1,011 4,521 281 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 18,919 . . . 4,074 14,844 – Skin conditions........................ 3,342 441 – 703 2,198 2,673 213 177 490 1,793 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 6,650 – 196 3,012 3,441 16,345 – 60 5,008 11,277 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 1,520 – 429 1,047 45 2,053 – 733 828 492 Fever, unspecified ...................... 3,085 1,791 944 350 – 4,371 1,807 1,022 400 1,143 All other acute conditions ................. 16,713 1,356 1,463 4,875 9,020 40,713 3,810 2,803 13,457 20,643 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 49

### Table 33. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition White Black All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 608,241 171,623 228,746 207,872 108,715 29,293 46,835 32,587 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 66,567 37,489 19,647 9,431 14,645 6,239 4,484 3,922 Common childhood diseases ............... 4,509 3,250 1,259 – 2,131 1,808 324 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 10,575 6,311 2,919 1,345 3,280 973 962 1,345 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 18,873 11,318 5,268 2,287 6,082 2,278 2,035 1,769 Other.............................. 32,610 16,610 10,200 5,800 3,153 1,181 1,163 808 Respiratory conditions ................... 283,882 88,278 106,349 89,256 43,397 13,151 19,957 10,289 Common cold ........................ 48,423 19,053 16,652 12,718 9,724 3,780 4,249 1,695 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 26,567 11,858 9,279 5,430 3,125 890 1,977 257 Influenza ........................... 139,806 42,007 60,421 37,378 22,593 3,844 11,830 6,919 Acute bronchitis ....................... 23,306 5,904 10,338 7,065 2,137 1,162 370 604 Pneumonia .......................... 35,568 6,492 7,608 21,469 3,776 1,884 1,427 466 Other respiratory conditions ................ 10,211 2,964 2,051 5,197 2,042 1,591 104 347 Digestive system conditions ................ 21,963 4,389 7,554 10,020 5,416 1,717 2,556 1,143 Dental conditions ...................... 2,929 565 2,254 109 1,503 604 772 127 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ 5,426 2,580 1,497 1,349 1,326 806 416 104 Other digestive conditions ................. 13,608 1,243 3,803 8,562 2,587 307 1,367 913 Injuries............................. 106,892 11,261 48,980 46,650 17,624 1,084 7,948 8,592 Fractures and dislocations................. 36,069 4,419 12,027 19,624 3,599 – 529 3,069 Sprains and strains ..................... 26,474 2,203 16,962 7,310 4,590 40 2,838 1,712 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 2,944 1,065 1,222 657 862 793 69 – Contusions and superficial injuries............ 9,305 1,074 4,808 3,423 2,175 197 420 1,558 Other current injuries .................... 32,100 2,502 13,962 15,637 6,397 53 4,091 2,253 Selected other acute conditions ............. 83,383 22,852 33,964 26,567 16,625 5,175 6,258 5,193 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 – 298 – 284 68 216 – Acute ear infections..................... 15,687 12,336 1,759 1,591 3,058 2,920 138 – Other ear conditions .................... 2,690 1,359 875 456 – – – – Acute urinary conditions .................. 14,852 989 5,525 8,339 1,903 – 531 1,372 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785 158 627 – 298 171 93 35 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 4,374 1,011 3,363 – 955 – 724 231 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 11,955 663 11,292 – 4,330 778 3,552 – Skin conditions........................ 4,841 832 778 3,232 361 – – 361 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 19,258 257 7,411 11,590 3,529 – 609 2,920 Headache, excluding migraine .............. 2,660 1,099 1,345 216 673 63 336 275 Fever, unspecified ...................... 5,982 4,150 689 1,143 1,235 1,174 61 – All other acute conditions ................. 45,554 7,353 12,253 25,948 11,007 1,927 5,633 3,448 1Totals for white and black do not sum to total bed days because other races are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 50

### Table 34. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 112,286 21,291 42,857 48,138 133,404 33,635 46,149 53,620 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 8,379 3,089 3,168 2,121 12,316 6,524 3,772 2,020 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591 346 245 – 802 539 263 – Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 996 345 199 452 2,037 1,355 682 – Viral infections, unspecified ................ 2,757 1,555 732 470 4,641 2,423 1,322 896 Other.............................. 4,035 843 1,993 1,200 4,835 2,207 1,504 1,124 Respiratory conditions ................... 49,612 9,856 23,625 16,132 55,500 16,777 21,804 16,919 Common cold ........................ 9,797 3,817 4,630 1,350 10,291 4,273 2,654 3,364 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 3,374 757 1,634 983 4,904 1,623 2,572 709 Influenza ........................... 25,224 3,330 13,879 8,014 24,615 5,285 13,192 6,138 Acute bronchitis ....................... 2,257 578 1,167 512 5,721 2,181 1,463 2,077 Pneumonia .......................... 5,210 602 1,241 3,367 6,516 1,243 1,521 3,751 Other respiratory conditions ................ 3,751 772 1,072 1,906 3,453 2,171 402 879 Digestive system conditions ................ 5,173 747 2,075 2,351 6,413 1,704 2,078 2,630 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919 423 369 127 792 607 185 – Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 816 127 357 332 1,904 854 744 307 Other digestive conditions ................. 3,438 197 1,349 1,893 3,717 243 1,150 2,323 Injuries............................. 21,190 1,870 5,066 14,254 26,956 3,024 11,531 12,400 Fractures and dislocations................. 4,797 248 506 4,043 10,250 1,850 2,575 5,824 Sprains and strains ..................... 4,847 372 2,311 2,165 7,870 398 3,614 3,858 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 1,018 747 271 – 213 160 53 – Contusions and superficial injuries............ 2,044 63 573 1,408 1,751 500 714 537 Other current injuries .................... 8,483 441 1,405 6,638 6,872 116 4,576 2,181 Selected other acute conditions ............. 13,026 4,179 4,258 4,589 20,909 4,647 5,947 10,315 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 68 – – – – – – Acute ear infections..................... 2,083 1,956 – 128 3,883 3,664 219 – Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 149 – – 186 58 128 – Acute urinary conditions .................. 1,958 101 491 1,365 2,915 – 1,067 1,848 Disorders of menstruation ................. – – – – – – – – Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 610 – 610 – 1,112 56 825 231 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 2,052 992 1,059 – 1,918 52 1,866 – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 – 281 – 2,240 – 303 1,938 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 4,103 – 1,439 2,665 7,545 – 1,477 6,067 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 42 209 119 132 68 63 – Fever, unspecified ...................... 1,350 870 168 312 979 749 – 230 All other acute conditions ................. 14,905 1,550 4,666 8,690 11,312 959 1,016 9,337 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 51

### Table 34. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages Under 18 years 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of bed days in thousands1 All acute conditions ..................... 149,818 48,873 66,199 34,746 227,494 75,823 89,445 62,226 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 18,366 10,841 6,019 1,506 27,740 16,983 7,499 3,258 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974 974 – – 2,466 1,715 751 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 3,586 1,972 1,014 601 4,889 3,025 1,090 774 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 6,054 3,516 2,214 324 7,184 3,996 1,798 1,390 Other.............................. 7,751 4,378 2,791 581 13,201 8,247 3,860 1,094 Respiratory conditions ................... 69,920 24,703 27,389 17,828 114,956 38,742 46,275 29,939 Common cold ........................ 12,451 4,255 4,472 3,724 21,063 8,051 7,400 5,613 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 7,783 4,095 3,028 660 10,951 5,189 3,875 1,887 Influenza ........................... 36,349 12,405 15,857 8,087 60,033 21,267 24,797 13,969 Acute bronchitis ....................... 4,062 1,303 1,303 1,456 11,850 2,676 5,788 3,386 Pneumonia .......................... 5,344 1,409 1,922 2,014 9,769 1,343 3,450 4,975 Other respiratory conditions ................ 3,931 1,237 808 1,886 1,290 216 964 109 Digestive system conditions ................ 3,250 735 1,705 811 7,860 1,765 3,505 2,590 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 84 346 – 1,428 55 1,264 109 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 919 432 314 173 1,757 944 614 199 Other digestive conditions ................. 1,901 219 1,045 637 4,675 766 1,627 2,281 Injuries............................. 26,763 2,528 18,962 5,273 26,843 3,616 9,930 13,297 Fractures and dislocations................. 8,342 1,321 4,577 2,444 5,518 517 1,777 3,224 Sprains and strains ..................... 7,469 150 6,920 399 7,964 875 4,673 2,416 Open wounds and lacerations .............. 1,001 474 – 527 1,299 271 897 131 Contusions and superficial injuries............ 2,963 530 2,433 – 3,148 110 947 2,090 Other current injuries .................... 6,987 52 5,032 1,903 8,914 1,843 1,636 5,436 Selected other acute conditions ............. 19,374 6,695 8,558 4,121 37,769 12,438 16,058 9,273 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 – 216 – 148 – 148 – Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,110 3,583 237 289 7,352 4,905 1,441 1,005 Other ear conditions .................... 1,169 297 416 456 1,186 855 331 – Acute urinary conditions .................. 2,721 – 1,381 1,340 4,943 103 1,479 3,361 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 212 149 – 466 116 315 35 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... 1,128 – 1,078 50 2,252 955 1,296 – Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 2,979 618 2,360 – 10,557 2,271 8,286 – Skin conditions........................ 1,237 – 608 629 1,513 832 – 681 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 3,233 60 1,864 1,309 6,292 101 2,429 3,762 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 375 249 47 945 567 115 263 Fever, unspecified ...................... 1,549 1,549 – – 2,115 1,731 217 166 All other acute conditions ................. 12,144 3,371 3,566 5,208 12,327 2,280 6,178 3,869 1Totals for income categories do not sum to total bed days because persons with unknown family income are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 52

### Table 35. Number of bed days associated with acute conditions, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of bed days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 125,406 175,917 241,974 203,348 577,577 232,721 344,856 169,069 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 16,388 15,859 31,779 18,693 64,464 22,495 41,969 18,255 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621 1,093 3,055 1,981 4,888 1,590 3,298 1,860 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 4,687 1,475 6,666 1,346 11,784 4,437 7,347 2,391 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 4,876 3,670 12,172 5,027 19,575 7,872 11,703 6,171 Other.............................. 6,204 9,621 9,886 10,339 28,217 8,596 19,621 7,833 Respiratory conditions ................... 59,866 84,702 97,775 103,247 274,125 107,340 166,785 71,464 Common cold ........................ 12,661 14,312 15,832 19,579 50,277 23,901 26,376 12,106 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 5,902 6,948 12,378 6,415 24,760 8,694 16,066 6,882 Influenza ........................... 22,328 44,583 50,762 52,393 135,999 51,778 84,221 34,066 Acute bronchitis ....................... 4,450 6,513 9,298 7,660 21,844 5,751 16,092 6,078 Pneumonia .......................... 12,685 9,112 6,386 11,811 30,342 13,503 16,839 9,652 Other respiratory conditions ................ 1,840 3,233 3,120 5,389 10,903 3,713 7,190 2,680 Digestive system conditions ................ 2,493 6,046 12,257 7,463 21,230 12,454 8,776 7,029 Dental conditions ...................... 1,209 807 1,990 424 3,756 2,431 1,325 675 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 504 1,347 3,266 2,021 5,322 2,939 2,383 1,816 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780 3,892 7,001 5,017 12,153 7,085 5,068 4,538 Injuries............................. 21,446 27,259 43,216 35,835 94,071 34,904 59,167 33,685 Fractures and dislocations................. 9,542 6,687 14,295 10,029 27,867 8,262 19,604 12,686 Sprains and strains ..................... 7,454 7,560 8,365 7,961 24,866 9,713 15,152 6,475 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 2,163 423 1,681 3,609 2,153 1,456 925 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 775 1,518 5,472 3,972 8,465 3,600 4,865 3,273 Other current injuries .................... 3,408 9,330 14,661 12,192 29,265 11,176 18,089 10,326 Selected other acute conditions ............. 18,447 24,673 35,718 26,057 81,179 34,140 47,039 23,716 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 68 148 150 582 284 298 – Acute ear infections ..................... 2,459 3,196 6,590 6,592 14,137 5,591 8,546 4,701 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 418 1,853 362 1,360 222 1,138 1,330 Acute urinary conditions .................. 2,937 3,531 8,981 1,481 13,017 5,783 7,234 3,913 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 116 905 – 833 532 301 250 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . 324 1,737 1,545 2,208 3,639 1,715 1,925 2,175 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... 3,327 5,158 5,403 5,030 17,739 6,516 11,223 1,180 Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870 2,021 1,824 1,300 4,764 3,203 1,562 1,251 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ 4,351 6,565 6,671 5,409 15,166 5,291 9,874 7,829 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,117 461 1,010 987 3,108 1,782 1,326 465 Fever, unspecified ...................... 2,728 1,402 788 2,538 6,834 3,221 3,613 622 All other acute conditions ................. 6,766 17,379 21,228 12,054 42,507 21,387 21,120 14,919 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 53

### Table 36. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Total 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years Number of work-loss days per 100 currently employed persons per year All acute conditions ............................. 312.2 330.5 308.8 336.1 272.6 283.3 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 21.6 24.4 35.4 21.7 15.4 16.4 Common childhood diseases ....................... *2.0 *3.0 *5.4 *2.4 *– *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 5.6 *5.7 *5.6 *4.4 *4.1 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 6.9 *15.6 *4.7 *4.1 *4.5 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 9.0 *8.7 9.1 *6.9 *7.7 Respiratory conditions ........................... 105.3 110.0 99.0 112.8 95.1 98.6 Common cold ................................ 17.6 19.3 *23.0 18.3 14.0 15.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 9.5 *7.7 9.9 *7.2 *7.5 Influenza ................................... 56.4 59.1 54.3 60.3 50.5 52.4 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 10.5 *8.5 10.9 12.1 13.0 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 8.4 *1.7 10.1 *10.1 *9.1 Other respiratory conditions ........................ *2.6 *3.3 *3.7 *3.2 *1.2 *1.4 Digestive system conditions ........................ 13.1 13.3 *19.0 11.9 12.7 *10.8 Dental conditions .............................. *3.2 *3.9 *5.6 *3.4 *1.6 *1.8 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... *2.7 *3.3 *7.2 *2.3 *1.4 *1.4 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 6.2 *6.2 *6.1 *9.7 *7.6 Injuries..................................... 115.5 123.2 94.2 130.6 98.9 104.5 Fractures and dislocations......................... 32.9 29.3 *21.0 31.4 40.6 41.3 Sprains and strains ............................. 30.8 32.9 35.5 32.2 26.2 27.8 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 15.8 *12.2 16.8 *1.9 *2.1 Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 14.0 16.2 *7.5 18.3 *9.3 *10.3 Other current injuries ............................ 26.5 29.0 *18.0 31.8 21.0 23.0 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 34.8 39.0 44.6 37.6 25.8 27.4 Eye conditions ................................ *0.6 *0.8 *– *1.0 *0.3 *0.4 Acute ear infections............................. *2.6 *2.4 *3.5 *2.2 *3.0 *3.3 Other ear conditions ............................ *0.5 *0.7 *– *0.9 *0.2 *0.2 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 *3.2 *4.4 *2.9 *7.1 *7.8 Disorders of menstruation ......................... *0.6 *0.8 *1.5 *0.6 *0.1 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract ................. *1.9 *2.3 *2.0 *2.3 *1.2 *1.3 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . 7.8 11.4 *11.0 11.5 *– *– Skin conditions................................ *1.7 *1.5 *3.7 *0.9 *2.3 *2.5 Acute musculoskeletal conditions .................... 12.8 14.0 *15.4 13.7 *10.0 *10.1 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... *1.4 *1.6 *1.7 *1.5 *1.0 *1.1 Fever, unspecified .............................. *0.6 *0.5 *1.4 *0.2 *0.7 *0.5 All other acute conditions ......................... 21.9 20.5 *16.6 21.5 24.8 25.7 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 41 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 54

### Table 37. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Male Female All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of work-loss days per 100 currently employed persons per year All acute conditions ............................. 289.2 309.2 246.3 339.7 356.1 304.3 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 19.2 22.8 *11.3 24.5 26.4 *20.2 Common childhood diseases ....................... *1.9 *2.8 *– *2.1 *3.1 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ *4.8 *5.8 *2.5 *5.8 *5.4 *6.6 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ *5.0 *6.8 *1.1 *7.2 *7.0 *7.7 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 *7.3 *7.8 9.4 11.0 *5.9 Respiratory conditions ........................... 84.8 88.2 77.5 129.8 136.1 116.2 Common cold ................................ 12.9 15.5 *7.2 23.3 23.8 *22.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections ................ *5.4 *5.3 *5.7 12.7 14.5 *8.9 Influenza ................................... 54.0 56.3 48.9 59.3 62.4 52.5 Acute bronchitis ............................... *6.0 *5.4 *7.2 16.9 16.5 *17.9 Pneumonia .................................. *5.7 *4.5 *8.2 12.8 13.1 *12.3 Other respiratory conditions ........................ *0.9 *1.1 *0.3 *4.7 *5.8 *2.3 Digestive system conditions ........................ 10.6 *8.8 *14.3 16.2 18.7 *10.8 Dental conditions .............................. *3.4 *4.6 *1.0 *2.8 *3.0 *2.3 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... *1.5 *2.0 *0.5 *4.1 *4.9 *2.5 Other digestive conditions ......................... *5.6 *2.3 *12.8 9.3 *10.8 *5.9 Injuries..................................... 139.0 155.9 102.9 87.4 84.2 94.2 Fractures and dislocations......................... 43.0 42.9 43.1 20.8 13.0 37.6 Sprains and strains ............................. 28.8 27.3 32.1 33.1 39.6 *19.1 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... 17.9 25.4 *1.9 *3.6 *4.4 *1.8 Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 16.8 21.3 *7.3 10.5 *10.0 *11.6 Other current injuries ............................ 32.4 38.9 *18.5 19.4 17.2 24.0 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 17.5 18.4 *15.7 55.5 63.7 38.0 Eye conditions ................................ *0.7 *1.0 *– *0.6 *0.6 *0.7 Acute ear infections ............................. *0.7 *0.7 *0.6 *4.9 *4.5 *5.8 Other ear conditions ............................ *0.1 *– *0.3 *1.1 *1.5 *– Acute urinary conditions .......................... *3.2 *0.8 *8.3 *5.9 *6.0 *5.5 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... *1.2 *1.7 *0.2 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... *4.2 *4.9 *2.7 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . ... ... ... 17.0 24.9 *– Skin conditions................................ *1.7 *1.3 *2.6 *1.7 *1.6 *1.8 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 12.8 *3.7 16.2 15.5 *17.7 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... *0.8 *1.1 *0.2 *2.1 *2.1 *2.0 Fever, unspecified .............................. *0.4 *0.6 *– *0.7 *0.3 *1.5 All other acute conditions ......................... 18.1 15.1 24.6 26.4 27.0 25.0 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 42 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 55

### Table 38. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition White Black All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of work-loss days per 100 currently employed persons per year All acute conditions ............................. 305.0 329.8 253.7 399.6 386.8 435.2 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 18.8 23.0 *10.0 47.3 *37.7 *74.0 Common childhood diseases ....................... *1.6 *2.3 *– *6.4 *8.7 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ *4.1 *5.2 *1.8 *12.3 *5.5 *31.1 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ *4.8 *5.9 *2.6 *16.3 *15.1 *19.8 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 9.5 *5.6 *12.3 *8.4 *23.1 Respiratory conditions ........................... 105.0 114.7 84.9 98.1 83.9 137.6 Common cold ................................ 16.6 19.1 *11.4 *20.3 *16.5 *30.8 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 9.4 *6.9 *9.9 *11.8 *4.7 Influenza ................................... 55.8 61.8 43.2 58.0 52.7 *72.8 Acute bronchitis ............................... 12.3 12.1 12.6 *2.7 *0.3 *9.1 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 9.9 *9.5 *5.7 *0.8 *19.4 Other respiratory conditions ........................ *2.0 *2.4 *1.3 *1.5 *1.8 *0.8 Digestive system conditions ........................ 12.2 11.3 13.9 *24.7 *31.3 *6.3 Dental conditions .............................. *2.8 *3.4 *1.6 *7.1 *8.8 *2.4 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... *2.2 *2.7 *1.2 *6.4 *7.3 *4.0 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 *5.2 *11.1 *11.2 *15.2 *– Injuries..................................... 115.1 123.1 98.5 140.8 149.2 *117.3 Fractures and dislocations......................... 35.7 33.2 41.0 *13.0 *6.9 *29.8 Sprains and strains ............................. 30.1 31.2 27.8 48.3 58.1 *20.8 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... 13.0 18.3 *2.1 *1.6 *2.1 *– Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 13.0 15.6 *7.8 *17.5 *14.0 *27.4 Other current injuries ............................ 23.3 24.9 19.8 60.4 68.0 *39.2 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 32.4 38.2 20.3 57.9 50.5 *78.6 Eye conditions ................................ *0.5 *0.6 *0.4 *1.6 *2.2 *– Acute ear infections............................. *2.9 *2.7 *3.4 *1.0 *1.4 *– Other ear conditions ............................ *0.6 *0.8 *0.2 *– *– *– Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 *3.7 *6.2 *5.4 *0.6 *18.7 Disorders of menstruation ......................... *0.6 *0.9 *– *0.5 *0.3 *1.0 Other disorders of female genital tract ................. *1.8 *2.7 *– *3.1 *– *11.6 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . 6.4 9.5 *– *16.9 *23.0 *– Skin conditions................................ *1.5 *1.3 *1.8 *– *– *– Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 13.8 *7.6 *25.2 *21.4 *35.9 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... *1.1 *1.7 *– *4.1 *1.5 *11.4 Fever, unspecified .............................. *0.5 *0.4 *0.8 *– *– *– All other acute conditions ......................... 21.6 19.5 26.0 *30.9 *34.2 *21.4 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 43 and 78 and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 56

### Table 39. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$24,999 $25,000 or more All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of work-loss days per 100 currently employed persons per year All acute conditions ................. 499.3 526.9 *387.1 412.3 419.5 393.2 280.5 300.2 240.7 Infective and parasitic diseases ......... *31.1 *38.8 *– 24.3 *23.3 *27.0 19.7 22.8 *13.3 Common childhood diseases ........... *6.4 *8.0 *– *1.2 *1.7 *– *1.4 *2.1 *– Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *4.3 *5.6 *0.8 *4.8 *5.2 *4.0 Viral infections, unspecified ............ *14.6 *18.2 *– *7.6 *10.5 *– 6.0 *6.3 *5.4 Other.......................... *10.1 *12.6 *– *11.3 *5.6 *26.2 7.5 9.2 *3.9 Respiratory conditions ............... 173.7 176.4 *162.6 129.4 132.0 122.5 99.4 104.4 89.2 Common cold .................... *21.1 *26.3 *– 22.3 *24.8 *15.8 16.6 16.8 *16.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections .... *3.0 *2.2 *5.8 *10.1 *9.7 *11.1 9.6 11.5 *5.8 Influenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.9 116.5 *93.2 76.0 70.8 89.6 51.0 55.5 42.0 Acute bronchitis ................... *28.5 *27.7 *31.8 *9.5 *11.9 *3.1 10.5 9.1 *13.5 Pneumonia ...................... *3.0 *3.7 *– *5.2 *6.4 *2.1 10.0 9.3 *11.4 Other respiratory conditions ............ *6.3 *– *31.8 *6.4 *8.5 *0.8 *1.6 *2.2 *0.4 Digestive system conditions ............ *23.8 *29.6 *– 18.6 *22.1 *9.5 11.9 9.9 *16.0 Dental conditions .................. *4.3 *5.3 *– *0.8 *1.1 *– *2.9 *3.6 *1.4 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ........ *4.1 *5.1 *– *5.6 *6.8 *2.3 *2.2 *2.6 *1.4 Other digestive conditions ............. *15.4 *19.2 *– *12.3 *14.2 *7.3 6.9 *3.7 *13.2 Injuries......................... 167.0 155.2 *214.6 160.9 173.5 127.7 100.3 108.9 82.8 Fractures and dislocations............. *19.1 *– *96.9 53.9 51.9 *59.0 26.9 25.0 30.6 Sprains and strains ................. *50.9 *63.4 *– 41.7 38.6 *49.8 29.0 31.4 24.1 Open wounds and lacerations .......... *13.0 *14.6 *6.3 *16.3 *22.5 *– 11.6 16.0 *2.6 Contusions and superficial injuries........ *8.7 *10.8 *– *14.4 *15.1 *12.7 15.5 19.4 *7.6 Other current injuries ................ *75.2 *66.3 *111.4 34.6 45.4 *6.2 17.3 17.1 17.8 Selected other acute conditions ......... *39.2 *46.5 *9.8 44.1 47.2 *36.0 33.6 39.6 21.4 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *0.6 *– *2.0 *0.7 *1.0 *– Acute ear infections................. *1.2 *1.4 *– *1.4 *– *5.3 *3.4 *3.9 *2.5 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *0.7 *0.6 *1.0 *0.7 *1.0 *– Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *0.7 *0.4 *1.7 *3.7 *3.4 *4.2 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *– *– *– *0.6 *0.8 *0.1 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . *– *– *– *3.4 *4.6 *– *1.9 *1.9 *1.9 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium .................. *2.0 *2.5 *– *7.0 *9.6 *– 10.4 15.5 *– Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *3.6 *3.7 *3.5 *1.3 *1.2 *1.3 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ........ *33.1 *41.3 *– 23.2 *23.4 *22.4 9.8 9.9 *9.4 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . *– *– *– *3.2 *4.4 *– *0.8 *0.6 *1.4 Fever, unspecified .................. *2.9 *1.3 *9.8 *0.3 *0.4 *– *0.5 *0.4 *0.7 All other acute conditions ............. *64.5 *80.3 *– 34.9 *21.4 70.5 15.7 14.6 17.9 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 44 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 57

### Table 40. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of work-loss days per 100 currently employed persons per year All acute conditions ..................... 260.9 286.4 328.2 362.5 286.0 311.5 270.8 410.3 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 21.4 14.2 24.2 26.1 22.6 25.0 21.2 17.6 Common childhood diseases ............... *3.9 *1.1 *0.7 *3.6 *1.9 *3.0 *1.3 *2.5 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *8.3 *1.9 *6.7 *4.1 5.5 *6.4 *4.9 *4.3 Viral infections, unspecified ................ *2.9 *3.6 10.5 *4.3 6.5 *6.9 *6.2 *4.1 Other.............................. *6.4 *7.6 *6.3 *14.1 8.8 *8.6 8.9 *6.7 Respiratory conditions ................... 94.7 109.1 86.2 140.3 107.1 100.9 110.9 98.3 Common cold ........................ 18.9 13.9 12.7 28.5 18.0 18.4 17.7 16.2 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ *9.9 *9.1 *7.7 *9.0 9.4 *8.0 10.2 *6.4 Influenza ........................... 42.3 64.2 46.7 75.0 59.7 61.2 58.8 44.1 Acute bronchitis ....................... *9.6 *11.4 11.8 *10.3 10.0 *4.7 13.2 *14.5 Pneumonia .......................... *13.5 *8.9 *3.4 *13.6 7.2 *6.1 7.9 *15.2 Other respiratory conditions ................ *0.5 *1.6 *3.8 *3.8 *2.8 *2.4 *3.1 *1.9 Digestive system conditions ................ 18.0 *6.8 16.3 *11.1 12.3 17.2 9.4 16.3 Dental conditions ...................... *1.2 *1.0 *5.2 *4.2 *3.4 *3.6 *3.3 *2.1 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *0.8 *1.8 *4.4 *2.8 *3.1 *3.0 *3.2 *1.2 Other digestive conditions ................. *16.1 *4.0 *6.8 *4.1 5.7 *10.5 *2.9 *13.1 Injuries............................. 71.8 94.9 150.2 123.7 91.8 103.9 84.5 204.4 Fractures and dislocations................. 18.7 25.0 44.1 37.1 23.2 22.1 23.9 69.1 Sprains and strains ..................... 32.2 31.8 29.0 31.1 29.5 30.4 28.9 35.8 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *7.0 *5.7 16.7 *13.6 7.4 *10.4 *5.6 26.4 Contusions and superficial injuries............ *10.1 *4.5 23.0 *14.2 9.7 *9.4 9.8 30.1 Other current injuries .................... *3.8 27.9 37.4 27.7 22.0 31.5 16.3 43.1 Selected other acute conditions ............. 38.6 33.9 32.7 36.0 32.4 37.3 29.5 43.9 Eye conditions ........................ *0.9 *– *0.7 *1.0 *0.8 *0.9 *0.7 *– Acute ear infections..................... *1.6 *3.7 *2.3 *2.8 *2.9 *2.1 *3.4 *1.4 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *0.5 *1.2 *– *0.1 *– *0.2 *2.0 Acute urinary conditions .................. *5.1 *2.2 *7.1 *2.0 *3.4 *6.7 *1.4 *8.2 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.1 *0.3 *1.3 *– *0.4 *0.8 *0.2 *1.0 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *2.5 *1.1 *1.2 *3.5 *2.0 *3.6 *1.1 *1.5 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *15.8 *5.0 *5.4 *7.5 9.4 *5.1 12.0 *1.6 Skin conditions........................ *1.3 *3.1 *2.0 *– *0.8 *1.0 *0.6 *5.3 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ *8.3 16.3 *9.4 17.8 10.8 14.8 8.3 20.3 Headache, excluding migraine .............. *0.9 *1.0 *2.0 *1.3 *1.1 *0.8 *1.3 *2.5 Fever, unspecified ...................... *1.9 *0.7 *– *– *0.7 *1.4 *0.3 *– All other acute conditions ................. *16.2 27.5 18.7 25.3 19.7 27.2 15.3 29.8 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 45 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 58

### Table 41. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by age and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Total 18–24 years 25–44 years Total 45–64 years Number of work-loss days in thousands All acute conditions ............................. 383,759 277,457 52,391 225,066 106,302 99,387 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 26,511 20,518 6,007 14,511 5,993 5,740 Common childhood diseases ....................... 2,495 2,495 920 1,575 – – Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ 6,406 4,704 964 3,740 1,703 1,450 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ 7,364 5,776 2,654 3,123 1,588 1,588 Other...................................... 10,246 7,543 1,470 6,073 2,703 2,703 Respiratory conditions ........................... 129,411 92,350 16,791 75,559 37,061 34,573 Common cold ................................ 21,644 16,181 3,900 12,281 5,463 5,349 Other acute upper respiratory infections ................ 10,760 7,964 1,312 6,652 2,796 2,617 Influenza ................................... 69,320 49,619 9,212 40,406 19,701 18,364 Acute bronchitis ............................... 13,488 8,782 1,450 7,332 4,706 4,566 Pneumonia .................................. 10,984 7,061 293 6,769 3,922 3,203 Other respiratory conditions ........................ 3,216 2,742 624 2,119 474 474 Digestive system conditions ........................ 16,132 11,191 3,224 7,967 4,941 3,775 Dental conditions .............................. 3,875 3,247 955 2,292 628 628 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... 3,325 2,777 1,217 1,560 548 490 Other digestive conditions ......................... 8,931 5,167 1,052 4,115 3,765 2,657 Injuries..................................... 142,009 103,432 15,981 87,451 38,577 36,675 Fractures and dislocations......................... 40,440 24,602 3,561 21,041 15,838 14,502 Sprains and strains ............................. 37,848 27,626 6,029 21,597 10,221 9,748 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... 14,022 13,296 2,062 11,234 727 727 Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 17,169 13,556 1,279 12,277 3,614 3,614 Other current injuries ............................ 32,529 24,352 3,049 21,302 8,178 8,084 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 42,825 32,755 7,565 25,191 10,069 9,610 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787 661 – 661 126 126 Acute ear infections............................. 3,195 2,038 587 1,450 1,158 1,158 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 591 – 591 65 65 Acute urinary conditions .......................... 5,414 2,663 745 1,918 2,751 2,751 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684 650 253 396 35 35 Other disorders of female genital tract ................. 2,362 1,889 341 1,549 473 473 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium .... 9,544 9,544 1,866 7,678 – – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,111 1,228 625 603 883 883 Acute musculoskeletal conditions .................... 15,682 11,772 2,610 9,162 3,910 3,556 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... 1,712 1,313 292 1,021 399 399 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678 408 245 162 270 166 All other acute conditions ......................... 26,871 17,211 2,823 14,388 9,660 9,013 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 59

### Table 42. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by sex, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Male Female All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of work-loss days in thousands All acute conditions ............................. 193,593 141,145 52,448 190,165 136,312 53,854 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 12,822 10,409 2,413 13,689 10,109 3,580 Common childhood diseases ....................... 1,299 1,299 – 1,196 1,196 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ 3,184 2,651 533 3,222 2,052 1,170 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ 3,342 3,115 227 4,022 2,661 1,361 Other...................................... 4,997 3,344 1,653 5,249 4,200 1,050 Respiratory conditions ........................... 56,766 40,260 16,505 72,646 52,090 20,556 Common cold ................................ 8,604 7,073 1,531 13,040 9,109 3,931 Other acute upper respiratory infections ................ 3,647 2,429 1,218 7,113 5,536 1,577 Influenza ................................... 36,130 25,713 10,416 33,190 23,905 9,285 Acute bronchitis ............................... 4,018 2,478 1,540 9,469 6,304 3,165 Pneumonia .................................. 3,794 2,056 1,739 7,189 5,006 2,183 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572 512 60 2,644 2,230 414 Digestive system conditions ........................ 7,067 4,030 3,037 9,065 7,161 1,904 Dental conditions .............................. 2,308 2,095 213 1,568 1,152 415 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... 1,009 905 104 2,316 1,872 444 Other digestive conditions ......................... 3,750 1,030 2,721 5,181 4,137 1,044 Injuries..................................... 93,092 71,186 21,906 48,916 32,245 16,671 Fractures and dislocations......................... 28,789 19,608 9,181 11,651 4,995 6,657 Sprains and strains ............................. 19,314 12,472 6,842 18,534 15,154 3,380 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... 12,014 11,614 400 2,009 1,682 327 Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 11,281 9,727 1,554 5,888 3,828 2,060 Other current injuries ............................ 21,695 17,765 3,930 10,834 6,586 4,248 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 11,732 8,380 3,352 31,093 24,376 6,717 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 446 – 341 216 126 Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452 325 127 2,743 1,713 1,030 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 – 65 591 591 – Acute urinary conditions .......................... 2,135 365 1,770 3,279 2,298 982 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684 650 35 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... 2,362 1,889 473 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . ... ... ... 9,544 9,544 – Skin conditions................................ 1,167 603 564 944 625 319 Acute musculoskeletal conditions .................... 6,616 5,835 781 9,066 5,937 3,129 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 513 45 1,154 800 354 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293 293 – 385 114 270 All other acute conditions ......................... 12,114 6,880 5,234 14,758 10,332 4,426 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 60

### Table 43. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by race, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition White Black All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of work-loss days in thousands1 All acute conditions ............................. 317,932 231,731 86,201 52,950 37,706 15,244 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 19,568 16,167 3,401 6,265 3,673 2,592 Common childhood diseases ....................... 1,648 1,648 – 847 847 – Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ 4,300 3,688 611 1,631 540 1,091 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ 5,052 4,157 895 2,163 1,471 692 Other...................................... 8,568 6,674 1,894 1,624 815 808 Respiratory conditions ........................... 109,478 80,622 28,856 13,001 8,181 4,820 Common cold ................................ 17,274 13,415 3,859 2,689 1,610 1,079 Other acute upper respiratory infections ................ 8,941 6,587 2,354 1,315 1,151 164 Influenza ................................... 58,115 43,449 14,666 7,687 5,136 2,551 Acute bronchitis ............................... 12,807 8,521 4,286 352 32 320 Pneumonia .................................. 10,227 6,983 3,243 757 78 679 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,113 1,667 446 201 174 28 Digestive system conditions ........................ 12,681 7,962 4,719 3,276 3,054 222 Dental conditions .............................. 2,934 2,389 545 942 858 83 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... 2,301 1,892 409 849 711 139 Other digestive conditions ......................... 7,447 3,682 3,765 1,485 1,485 – Injuries..................................... 119,945 86,470 33,475 18,650 14,541 4,109 Fractures and dislocations......................... 37,223 23,296 13,927 1,719 674 1,045 Sprains and strains ............................. 31,329 21,899 9,430 6,397 5,667 730 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... 13,557 12,831 727 208 208 – Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 13,586 10,932 2,654 2,323 1,363 960 Other current injuries ............................ 24,250 17,512 6,738 8,003 6,630 1,373 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 33,724 26,815 6,909 7,672 4,920 2,752 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571 446 126 216 216 – Acute ear infections............................. 3,057 1,900 1,158 138 138 – Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 591 65 – – – Acute urinary conditions .......................... 4,701 2,603 2,098 714 60 654 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616 616 – 68 33 35 Other disorders of female genital tract ................. 1,889 1,889 – 406 – 406 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium .... 6,699 6,699 – 2,241 2,241 – Skin conditions................................ 1,536 925 610 – – – Acute musculoskeletal conditions .................... 12,272 9,689 2,583 3,341 2,083 1,258 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... 1,164 1,164 – 549 150 399 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564 293 270 – – – All other acute conditions ......................... 22,536 13,695 8,841 4,088 3,338 750 1Totals for white and black do not sum to total work-loss days because other races are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 61

### Table 44. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by family income, age, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$24,999 $25,000 or more All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over All ages 18 years and over 18–44 years 45 years and over Number of work-loss days in thousands1 All acute conditions ................. 26,832 22,729 4,103 93,435 68,952 24,483 211,937 151,756 60,181 Infective and parasitic diseases ......... 1,672 1,672 – 5,514 3,834 1,680 14,865 11,536 3,329 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . 344 344 – 272 272 – 1,077 1,077 – Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – 966 917 49 3,617 2,627 990 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 785 785 – 1,724 1,724 – 4,529 3,168 1,361 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 543 – 2,553 921 1,632 5,642 4,664 978 Respiratory conditions ............... 9,334 7,610 1,724 29,330 21,702 7,629 75,068 52,751 22,317 Common cold .................... 1,136 1,136 – 5,051 4,068 983 12,508 8,469 4,040 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . 159 97 62 2,287 1,596 690 7,233 5,788 1,445 Influenza ....................... 6,012 5,024 988 17,218 11,637 5,581 38,565 28,056 10,509 Acute bronchitis ................... 1,530 1,193 337 2,146 1,953 193 7,970 4,592 3,378 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 161 – 1,182 1,049 132 7,572 4,714 2,858 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 – 337 1,447 1,398 49 1,220 1,132 88 Digestive system conditions ............ 1,279 1,279 – 4,225 3,631 594 9,007 5,008 4,000 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 230 – 180 180 – 2,170 1,822 347 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . 220 220 – 1,259 1,117 142 1,632 1,293 339 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830 830 – 2,786 2,334 452 5,206 1,893 3,313 Injuries......................... 8,972 6,697 2,275 36,471 28,519 7,952 75,750 55,041 20,709 Fractures and dislocations............. 1,027 – 1,027 12,212 8,536 3,676 20,312 12,658 7,654 Sprains and strains ................. 2,737 2,737 – 9,439 6,338 3,101 21,894 15,860 6,035 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . 698 631 67 3,705 3,705 – 8,755 8,095 659 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . 468 468 – 3,270 2,478 792 11,696 9,795 1,901 Other current injuries ................ 4,041 2,861 1,181 7,844 7,461 383 13,093 8,633 4,460 Selected other acute conditions ......... 2,109 2,005 104 9,994 7,754 2,241 25,391 20,040 5,351 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – 126 – 126 511 511 – Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 62 – 327 – 327 2,590 1,976 614 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – 163 98 65 492 492 – Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – 167 61 106 2,762 1,714 1,048 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – – – – 428 394 35 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . – – – 761 761 – 1,432 959 473 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy

and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 108 – 1,585 1,585 – 7,850 7,850 – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – 824 603 221 953 625 328 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ........ 1,781 1,781 – 5,251 3,854 1,397 7,367 5,017 2,350 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . – – – 731 731 – 624 286 338 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 54 104 60 60 – 383 217 166 All other acute conditions ............. 3,465 3,465 – 7,900 3,513 4,387 11,856 7,381 4,475 1Totals for income categories do not sum to total work-loss days because persons with unknown family income are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 62

### Table 45. Number of work-loss days associated with acute conditions for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of work-loss days in thousands All acute conditions .................... 61,531 88,606 137,432 96,189 277,453 112,998 164,455 106,305 Infective and parasitic diseases ............ 5,051 4,404 10,121 6,936 21,962 9,067 12,894 4,549 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 909 344 276 965 1,841 1,073 768 653 Intestinal virus, unspecified ............... 1,951 574 2,793 1,089 5,300 2,336 2,964 1,107 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691 1,122 4,410 1,141 6,301 2,521 3,780 1,063 Other............................. 1,499 2,365 2,642 3,740 8,520 3,138 5,382 1,726 Respiratory conditions .................. 22,344 33,762 36,080 37,225 103,938 36,593 67,345 25,473 Common cold ....................... 4,448 4,310 5,313 7,573 17,438 6,666 10,771 4,206 Other acute upper respiratory infections ....... 2,333 2,807 3,243 2,376 9,112 2,903 6,209 1,648 Influenza .......................... 9,981 19,867 19,566 19,906 57,895 22,201 35,694 11,425 Acute bronchitis ...................... 2,259 3,526 4,958 2,745 9,725 1,717 8,008 3,762 Pneumonia ......................... 3,196 2,746 1,427 3,614 7,032 2,225 4,807 3,951 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 505 1,572 1,012 2,736 880 1,855 480 Digestive system conditions ............... 4,254 2,107 6,831 2,940 11,905 6,224 5,680 4,227 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 313 2,159 1,121 3,342 1,318 2,023 534 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . 181 568 1,846 730 3,021 1,106 1,916 304 Other digestive conditions ................ 3,790 1,225 2,827 1,088 5,542 3,800 1,741 3,389 Injuries............................ 16,943 29,343 62,904 32,819 89,053 37,713 51,340 52,955 Fractures and dislocations................ 4,421 7,719 18,464 9,836 22,538 8,029 14,509 17,902 Sprains and strains .................... 7,594 9,846 12,153 8,255 28,580 11,042 17,538 9,267 Open wounds and lacerations ............. 1,643 1,751 7,008 3,621 7,194 3,780 3,414 6,828 Contusions and superficial injuries........... 2,392 1,382 9,633 3,763 9,371 3,417 5,954 7,798 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 894 8,645 15,646 7,344 21,370 11,445 9,925 11,160 Selected other acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,114 10,479 13,681 9,551 31,450 13,529 17,921 11,375 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 – 295 276 787 341 446 – Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 1,131 961 731 2,841 773 2,067 354 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 162 494 – 128 – 128 527 Acute urinary conditions ................. 1,214 676 2,989 535 3,283 2,433 850 2,131 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 107 544 – 422 287 135 262 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . 601 338 485 939 1,963 1,295 668 399 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ........................ 3,728 1,539 2,276 2,001 9,134 1,867 7,267 410 Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 953 857 – 729 358 371 1,382 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ........... 1,968 5,033 3,947 4,734 10,433 5,382 5,051 5,249 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 322 834 335 1,052 278 774 660 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459 219 – – 678 515 163 – All other acute conditions ................ 3,826 8,511 7,816 6,719 19,145 9,871 9,275 7,726 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 63

### Table 46. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 youths 5–17 years of age, by sex, race, family income, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition All ages 5–17 years Sex Race Family income Male Female White Black Less than $10,000 $10,000– $19,999 $20,000– $34,999 $35,000 or more Number of school-loss days per 100 youths per year All acute conditions ............................. 331.2 294.9 369.3 348.9 268.5 382.1 385.1 331.6 306.4 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 81.8 64.9 99.5 88.6 69.3 *55.8 74.1 90.2 85.2 Common childhood diseases ....................... 21.8 17.3 26.6 21.3 *31.3 *11.2 *17.2 *23.6 21.4 Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ 12.0 *11.5 *12.5 12.8 *11.1 *0.5 *26.6 *13.6 *9.7 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ 16.1 *13.6 18.7 18.2 *7.7 *10.2 *12.4 *19.6 *17.4 Other...................................... 31.9 22.6 41.7 36.3 *19.2 *33.8 *17.8 *33.4 36.8 Respiratory conditions ........................... 164.9 158.1 172.1 175.1 107.5 188.0 156.2 180.6 159.9 Common cold ................................ 40.1 40.4 39.8 38.5 *42.5 *56.4 *48.9 *40.6 34.1 Other acute upper respiratory infections ................ 27.7 20.7 35.0 30.5 *13.3 *19.4 *18.7 *35.2 27.7 Influenza ................................... 79.3 75.9 82.9 85.6 *45.9 *91.2 *58.6 92.2 80.0 Acute bronchitis ............................... 10.5 *12.4 *8.5 11.9 *2.5 *7.9 *24.6 *4.9 *11.0 Pneumonia .................................. *5.2 *6.6 *3.7 *6.5 *– *3.0 *2.5 *5.5 *6.3 Other respiratory conditions ........................ *2.1 *2.1 *2.2 *2.0 *3.2 *10.0 *2.9 *2.3 *0.8 Digestive system conditions ........................ 13.1 *10.4 *15.9 12.5 *19.6 *11.4 *17.5 *7.7 *12.8 Dental conditions .............................. *2.4 *2.4 *2.4 *0.5 *12.5 *5.5 *6.8 *– *0.5 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... *7.2 *5.9 *8.7 *7.6 *7.1 *5.9 *10.7 *6.1 *6.3 Other digestive conditions ......................... *3.4 *2.1 *4.8 *4.3 *– *– *– *1.5 *5.9 Injuries..................................... 25.1 27.0 23.1 26.3 *22.9 *40.5 64.0 *18.1 *14.5 Fractures and dislocations......................... *7.6 *8.6 *6.6 *8.7 *3.2 *8.0 *24.2 *8.5 *3.1 Sprains and strains ............................. *3.9 *3.0 *4.9 *4.5 *1.8 *6.1 *4.2 *2.0 *3.0 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... *3.8 *4.4 *3.2 *2.3 *11.1 *18.4 *2.8 *2.9 *0.8 Contusions and superficial injuries.................... *3.5 *3.1 *3.9 *3.5 *4.5 *1.4 *11.8 *4.7 *1.3 Other current injuries ............................ *6.3 *8.0 *4.5 *7.2 *2.5 *6.6 *21.1 *– *6.4 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 34.1 27.9 40.7 33.8 *38.4 *59.4 *55.5 *32.2 22.7 Eye conditions ................................ *0.3 *0.6 *– *– *2.1 *3.6 *– *– *– Acute ear infections............................. 15.3 *15.9 *14.7 17.4 *8.6 *29.3 *23.3 *11.1 *12.0 Other ear conditions ............................ *0.7 *0.8 *0.7 *0.9 *– *– *1.6 *0.5 *1.0 Acute urinary conditions .......................... *2.5 *0.8 *4.2 *3.1 *– *4.6 *– *– *1.1 Disorders of menstruation ......................... *1.1 . . . *2.3 *0.7 *3.8 *2.8 *– *2.1 *1.1 Other disorders of female genital tract ................. *0.3 . . . *0.7 *0.4 *– *– *2.4 *– *– Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium .... *4.0 . . . *8.3 *1.2 *16.1 *12.8 *16.9 *2.6 *– Skin conditions................................ *0.8 *0.9 *0.7 *0.9 *0.7 *– *– *2.8 *0.3 Acute musculoskeletal conditions .................... *1.0 *0.6 *1.3 *1.2 *– *– *– *0.6 *0.7 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... *3.5 *4.2 *2.8 *3.4 *2.0 *1.8 *4.8 *5.1 *2.7 Fever, unspecified .............................. *4.5 *4.0 *5.0 *4.6 *5.3 *4.5 *6.6 *7.6 *3.9 All other acute conditions ......................... 12.1 *6.6 17.9 12.8 *10.7 *27.1 *17.7 *2.8 *11.4 NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for columns 1–5 can be computed by using parameter set III of table II, the frequencies of table 48, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 6–9 can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 48 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 64

### Table 47. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions per 100 youths 5–17 years of age, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of school-loss days per 100 youths per year All acute conditions ..................... 360.8 346.0 283.0 362.3 340.0 301.7 363.0 300.0 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 122.6 75.5 72.5 69.5 80.8 69.1 87.8 85.6 Common childhood diseases ............... *26.0 *16.9 *21.8 *23.9 21.2 *13.0 26.2 *23.9 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ *20.8 *9.9 *15.3 *2.4 12.9 *12.5 *13.2 *8.7 Viral infections, unspecified ................ *27.9 *9.7 *14.6 *15.7 15.4 *13.6 *16.5 *18.4 Other.............................. 48.0 39.1 *20.9 *27.5 31.2 30.1 31.8 *34.6 Respiratory conditions ................... 159.8 180.6 129.8 203.8 168.4 142.9 183.8 152.6 Common cold ........................ 53.1 39.4 29.2 46.4 42.2 40.0 43.5 *32.7 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ *25.1 *24.9 33.1 *24.9 27.2 *23.9 29.3 *29.4 Influenza ........................... 54.6 94.4 57.1 115.7 79.7 71.0 85.0 78.0 Acute bronchitis ....................... *18.2 *8.2 *8.5 *9.8 11.6 *3.0 *16.8 *6.6 Pneumonia .......................... *8.8 *10.7 *1.3 *2.1 *6.1 *3.0 *8.0 *1.8 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *3.0 *0.6 *5.0 *1.5 *1.9 *1.3 *4.2 Digestive system conditions ................ *5.7 *10.9 *13.6 *20.5 12.8 *13.9 *12.1 *14.3 Dental conditions ...................... *2.8 *3.8 *0.5 *3.3 *2.9 *5.8 *1.2 *0.5 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting ............ *2.4 *7.1 *7.0 *11.7 *7.2 *7.3 *7.1 *7.5 Other digestive conditions ................. *0.5 *– *6.1 *5.6 *2.6 *0.7 *3.8 *6.3 Injuries............................. *27.8 *26.3 *23.3 *24.3 27.7 *20.2 32.2 *16.0 Fractures and dislocations................. *5.1 *11.0 *5.9 *8.6 *8.8 *6.8 *9.9 *3.5 Sprains and strains ..................... *4.5 *7.1 *0.6 *4.9 *4.0 *0.8 *5.9 *3.5 Open wounds and lacerations .............. *1.2 *6.1 *4.8 *2.0 *4.2 *6.9 *2.6 *2.4 Contusions and superficial injuries............ *3.6 *1.0 *4.2 *5.0 *3.9 *4.0 *3.8 *2.0 Other current injuries .................... *13.3 *1.2 *7.9 *3.8 *6.8 *1.6 *9.8 *4.6 Selected other acute conditions ............. *24.6 40.6 36.6 *31.3 36.8 41.3 34.2 *24.5 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *1.3 *– *– *0.4 *1.1 *– *– Acute ear infections..................... *9.9 *13.2 *21.7 *12.6 15.2 *14.0 *15.8 *15.9 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *0.5 *0.9 *1.4 *0.1 *– *0.2 *2.9 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *7.4 *1.9 *– *3.1 *– *5.0 *– Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *2.5 *1.6 *– *1.4 *1.0 *1.6 *0.4 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . *– *– *0.6 *0.5 *0.1 *– *0.2 *1.0 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium ......................... *5.8 *10.0 *1.5 *– *5.2 *12.0 *1.1 *– Skin conditions........................ *0.6 *0.4 *0.9 *1.2 *0.9 *0.9 *0.8 *0.5 Acute musculoskeletal conditions ............ *0.6 *1.3 *– *2.3 *1.2 *– *2.0 *– Headache, excluding migraine .............. *1.7 *2.7 *3.5 *6.0 *3.8 *7.4 *1.7 *2.5 Fever, unspecified ...................... *6.1 *1.3 *3.9 *7.4 *5.4 *4.9 *5.7 *1.3 All other acute conditions ................. *20.4 *12.1 *7.1 *12.8 13.5 *14.3 *13.1 *7.1 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 49 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 65

### Table 48. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions for youths 5–17 years of age, by sex, race, family income, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition All ages 5–17 years 1 Sex Race Family income Male Female White Black Less than $10,000 $10,000– $19,999 $20,000– $34,999 $35,000 or more Number of school-loss days in thousands All acute conditions ............................. 164,090 74,778 89,313 136,651 21,276 17,432 26,413 33,277 63,468 Infective and parasitic diseases ..................... 40,537 16,469 24,069 34,686 5,490 2,544 5,085 9,051 17,651 Common childhood diseases ....................... 10,820 4,377 6,443 8,341 2,479 511 1,183 2,370 4,424 Intestinal virus, unspecified ........................ 5,940 2,908 3,032 4,999 877 25 1,827 1,360 2,012 Viral infections, unspecified ........................ 7,967 3,452 4,515 7,111 611 466 853 1,969 3,599 Other...................................... 15,811 5,732 10,078 14,234 1,523 1,541 1,222 3,351 7,615 Respiratory conditions ........................... 81,721 40,093 41,628 68,573 8,521 8,576 10,713 18,127 33,111 Common cold ................................ 19,872 10,241 9,631 15,094 3,367 2,572 3,351 4,073 7,058 Other acute upper respiratory infections ................ 13,723 5,253 8,470 11,927 1,057 887 1,286 3,534 5,741 Influenza ................................... 39,311 19,256 20,055 33,521 3,639 4,161 4,020 9,252 16,560 Acute bronchitis ............................... 5,202 3,140 2,062 4,673 202 362 1,686 493 2,269 Pneumonia .................................. 2,563 1,674 889 2,563 – 139 170 548 1,314 Other respiratory conditions ........................ 1,050 530 520 794 256 455 200 226 169 Digestive system conditions ........................ 6,484 2,631 3,853 4,879 1,552 520 1,200 770 2,644 Dental conditions .............................. 1,188 601 587 196 992 251 465 – 110 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting .................... 3,592 1,496 2,096 2,979 560 269 735 615 1,314 Other digestive conditions ......................... 1,703 534 1,169 1,703 – – – 154 1,220 Injuries..................................... 12,436 6,849 5,587 10,281 1,818 1,849 4,393 1,814 3,001 Fractures and dislocations......................... 3,769 2,170 1,599 3,421 250 366 1,660 851 642 Sprains and strains ............................. 1,934 760 1,174 1,776 142 280 289 203 613 Open wounds and lacerations ...................... 1,894 1,109 785 897 878 838 189 291 159 Contusions and superficial injuries.................... 1,723 777 946 1,370 353 63 810 468 266 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,116 2,033 1,084 2,818 196 301 1,445 – 1,321 Selected other acute conditions ..................... 16,915 7,067 9,849 13,234 3,045 2,709 3,810 3,235 4,710 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 163 – – 163 163 – – – Acute ear infections............................. 7,595 4,029 3,566 6,818 683 1,337 1,599 1,110 2,476 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 208 160 369 – – 113 47 209 Acute urinary conditions .......................... 1,216 208 1,008 1,216 – 208 – – 224 Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 . . . 567 269 299 128 – 212 227 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 . . . 162 162 – – 162 – – Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium .... 2,001 . . . 2,001 470 1,272 582 1,160 259 – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 224 163 335 52 – – 277 59 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 154 326 479 – – – 60 154 Headache, excluding migraine ...................... 1,756 1,075 681 1,313 158 84 326 508 562 Fever, unspecified .............................. 2,218 1,005 1,214 1,802 417 206 450 762 801 All other acute conditions ......................... 5,998 1,669 4,329 4,999 850 1,236 1,212 281 2,351 1Includes other races and unknown family income. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 66

### Table 49. Number of school-loss days associated with acute conditions for youths 5–17 years of age, by geographic region, place of residence, and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of acute condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Number of school-loss days in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 33,047 42,129 47,406 41,508 131,414 43,792 87,622 32,676 Infective and parasitic diseases ............. 11,227 9,199 12,148 7,964 31,217 10,035 21,182 9,320 Common childhood diseases ............... 2,377 2,056 3,645 2,742 8,213 1,883 6,330 2,607 Intestinal virus, unspecified ................ 1,905 1,206 2,557 272 4,997 1,818 3,180 943 Viral infections, unspecified ................ 2,551 1,176 2,445 1,794 5,960 1,971 3,989 2,006 Other.............................. 4,394 4,761 3,500 3,155 12,047 4,363 7,683 3,764 Respiratory conditions ................... 14,634 21,989 21,746 23,352 65,102 20,743 44,360 16,618 Common cold ........................ 4,868 4,793 4,892 5,318 16,309 5,812 10,497 3,562 Other acute upper respiratory infections ........ 2,299 3,031 5,543 2,849 10,524 3,463 7,062 3,198 Influenza ........................... 4,997 11,499 9,562 13,253 30,815 10,304 20,511 8,496 Acute bronchitis ....................... 1,667 995 1,423 1,117 4,487 440 4,047 715 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 803 1,300 222 238 2,372 440 1,931 192 Other respiratory conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 371 104 576 595 283 312 455 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524 1,323 2,282 2,354 4,930 2,018 2,911 1,554 Dental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 465 89 375 1,135 847 288 53 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 859 1,175 1,342 2,775 1,065 1,709 818 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 – 1,018 637 1,021 107 914 683 Injuries............................. 2,544 3,202 3,906 2,783 10,694 2,932 7,762 1,741 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 1,334 982 984 3,390 992 2,398 378 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 865 95 558 1,550 117 1,433 384 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 747 805 232 1,638 1,005 634 256 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 333 116 703 571 1,499 579 921 223 Other current injuries .................... 1,216 141 1,322 438 2,616 239 2,376 501 Selected other acute conditions ............. 2,254 4,942 6,130 3,589 14,242 5,994 8,248 2,673 Eye conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 163 – – 163 163 – – Acute ear infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907 1,606 3,638 1,444 5,859 2,039 3,819 1,736 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 55 153 161 55 – 55 314 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 904 312 – 1,216 – 1,216 – Disorders of menstruation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 306 261 – 523 148 375 45 Other disorders of female genital tract . . . . . . . . . – – 107 56 56 – 56 107 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528 1,215 259 – 2,001 1,743 259 – Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 48 154 135 329 128 201 59 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 161 – 265 479 – 479 – Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 331 589 682 1,486 1,069 418 269 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 153 658 846 2,075 705 1,370 143 All other acute conditions ................. 1,865 1,473 1,193 1,467 5,229 2,069 3,160 769 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 37.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 9.3 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 4.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 67

### Table 50. Number of acute conditions per 100 persons per year and number of acute conditions, by quarter and type of condition: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of acute condition Quarter Jan.–March April–June July–Sept. Oct.–Dec. Jan.–March April–June July–Sept. Oct.–Dec. Number per 100 persons per year Number in thousands All acute conditions ..................... 51.5 37.3 33.1 49.6 133,165 96,583 86,000 129,421 Infective and parasitic diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 4.8 4.2 5.7 16,069 12,458 10,841 14,832 Common childhood diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.6 *0.2 *0.3 1,172 1,506 437 684 Intestinal virus, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 0.9 0.8 1.4 3,624 2,389 2,110 3,779 Viral infections, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 1.2 1.3 2.1 5,248 3,124 3,372 5,513 Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 6,026 5,440 4,922 4,856 Respiratory conditions ................... 28.0 13.9 11.7 26.9 72,413 36,141 30,291 70,085 Common cold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 4.8 3.7 8.7 21,340 12,480 9,549 22,600 Other acute upper respiratory infections . . . . . . . . 3.8 2.4 2.4 3.4 9,777 6,153 6,167 8,768 Influenza ........................... 14.0 4.7 4.4 11.8 36,151 12,129 11,424 30,743 Acute bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 0.9 0.6 1.8 3,501 2,380 1,468 4,800 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.5 *0.2 0.6 957 1,270 528 1,464 Other respiratory conditions ................ *0.3 0.7 0.4 0.7 687 1,728 1,155 1,710 Digestive system conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 3,981 3,943 4,064 3,875 Dental conditions ...................... *0.2 0.4 *0.2 0.3 558 1,019 469 846 Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 2,511 2,071 1,889 1,851 Other digestive conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.5 912 853 1,706 1,178 Injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 6.1 7.4 5.1 13,340 15,866 19,275 13,405 Fractures and dislocations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.7 1,386 2,157 2,515 1,834 Sprains and strains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.2 4,091 3,479 3,550 3,075 Open wounds and lacerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.9 1,509 3,467 3,434 2,464 Contusions and superficial injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.0 3,344 3,015 3,211 2,548 Other current injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.4 2.5 1.3 3,010 3,748 6,566 3,484 Selected other acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 7.4 5.4 7.1 19,533 19,289 13,918 18,598 Eye conditions ........................ *0.2 0.4 0.4 *0.3 472 992 927 770 Acute ear infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 2.4 1.7 2.0 8,243 6,323 4,318 5,239 Other ear conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.3 *0.3 0.5 901 870 792 1,218 Acute urinary conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.0 1,716 2,014 1,692 2,718 Disorders of menstruation ................. *0.1 *0.2 *0.1 *0.1 225 414 206 300 Other disorders of female genital tract ......... *0.2 0.3 *0.2 *0.3 625 859 494 674 Delivery and other conditions of pregnancy and puerperium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.5 *0.1 0.4 1,223 1,182 272 1,030 Skin conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 1,642 1,415 1,453 1,655 Acute musculoskeletal conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.9 2,076 2,656 1,943 2,403 Headache, excluding migraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.4 *0.2 0.5 1,038 1,141 605 1,191 Fever, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1,371 1,424 1,215 1,399 All other acute conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0 3.4 2.9 3.3 7,829 8,886 7,610 8,626 NOTES: Excluded from these estimates are conditions involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction. The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for columns 1–4 can be computed by using parameter set I of table II, the frequencies of table 50, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 5–8 can be computed by using parameter set I of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 7.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.9 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 816,000, a 30-percent RSE. Rates for which the numerator has an RSE of 30 percent or more are indicated by an asterisk.



### 68

### Table 51. Number of episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Number of episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year All persons3

..................... 23.3 1.2 1.1 21.9 4.6 13.0 7.6 2.4 2.6 6.1 Age Under 5 years .................... 25.5 *– *– 25.5 . . . . . . 13.8 *0.3 *– *2.0 5–17 years ...................... 25.6 *0.3 *0.2 25.0 . . . . . . 7.6 2.5 *0.3 12.3 18–24 years ..................... 31.0 *2.5 *2.2 28.5 7.2 18.7 4.2 3.1 5.3 13.3 25–44 years ..................... 24.5 2.0 1.8 22.4 7.2 12.3 6.3 3.3 5.2 5.0 45–64 years ..................... 16.7 *1.2 *1.1 15.4 1.8 10.3 7.1 1.5 1.7 2.1 65 years and over.................. 19.3 *0.6 *0.4 18.6 *0.2 14.7 10.5 *2.0 *0.2 *2.2 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................ 24.9 1.4 1.2 23.5 7.2 12.7 7.1 2.8 3.7 7.7

Under 18 years .................. 28.4 *0.2 *– 28.2 . . . . . . 10.1 2.0 *0.4 10.9 18–44 years .................... 29.7 2.3 2.1 27.3 11.1 14.9 5.6 4.0 7.4 9.5 45 years and over ................ 14.8 *1.3 *1.1 13.4 *1.6 9.6 6.4 *1.6 *1.4 *1.8 Female: All ages ........................ 21.7 1.1 1.0 20.5 2.3 13.3 8.0 2.0 1.5 4.5

Under 18 years .................. 22.6 *0.3 *0.3 21.9 . . . . . . 8.7 *1.8 *– 7.6 18–44 years .................... 22.4 1.8 1.7 20.4 3.4 12.7 6.0 2.4 3.1 4.4 45 years and over ................ 20.1 *0.7 *0.6 19.4 *0.8 14.0 10.0 1.8 *0.8 2.4 Race and age White: All ages ........................ 24.2 1.2 1.1 22.9 4.9 13.1 8.2 2.1 2.8 6.2

Under 18 years .................. 27.6 *0.2 *0.1 27.2 . . . . . . 10.6 1.5 *0.3 9.9 18–44 years .................... 27.0 2.1 1.9 24.8 7.8 13.9 6.0 3.0 5.7 7.4 45 years and over ................ 18.0 *1.0 *0.8 17.0 1.2 12.1 8.9 1.6 1.1 1.8 Black: All ages ........................ 19.9 *1.3 *1.3 18.3 *2.8 14.2 4.3 4.3 *1.3 6.4

Under 18 years .................. 18.3 *0.3 *0.3 17.2 . . . . . . *4.4 *4.6 *– *6.1 18–44 years .................... 23.3 *2.4 *2.4 20.9 *3.9 14.9 *4.2 5.1 *2.7 6.7 45 years and over ................ 16.1 *0.9 *0.9 15.2 *0.6 12.9 *4.4 *2.3 *0.6 *6.3 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 69

### Table 51. Number of episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Family income and age Under $10,000: Number of episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year All ages ........................ 32.7 *1.2 *1.2 31.5 *3.8 24.0 11.7 4.3 *1.9 8.9

Under 18 years .................. 30.9 *0.5 *0.5 30.4 . . . . . . 12.8 *5.0 *– *6.5 18–44 years .................... 35.3 *1.2 *1.2 34.1 *6.6 23.0 8.0 *4.5 *2.9 14.1 45 years and over ................ 30.9 *1.9 *1.9 29.0 *– 25.5 15.8 *3.4 *2.3 *4.1 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................ 24.4 *1.4 *1.1 22.7 5.6 14.9 7.3 3.5 3.0 6.3

Under 18 years .................. 23.5 *– *– 22.7 . . . . . . *5.2 *4.9 *1.0 7.7 18–44 years .................... 34.8 *3.3 *2.6 31.5 10.3 19.7 9.2 *4.6 6.8 9.3 45 years and over ................ 13.3 *0.4 *0.4 12.9 *0.3 9.7 6.9 *1.2 *0.3 *1.9 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ........................ 22.5 1.4 1.4 21.1 4.8 11.2 7.5 2.4 2.9 5.1

Under 18 years .................. 24.9 *0.4 *0.4 24.6 . . . . . . 12.8 *1.0 *0.4 8.2 18–44 years .................... 25.1 *2.5 *2.5 22.6 7.2 12.6 4.5 3.7 5.8 6.2 45 years and over ................ 16.3 *0.6 *0.6 15.7 *1.3 9.2 7.1 *1.8 *1.0 *0.6 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................ 21.8 1.2 1.1 20.5 4.7 10.7 6.7 1.7 2.7 6.2

Under 18 years .................. 26.7 *0.2 *– 26.4 . . . . . . 9.4 *0.7 *– 11.2 18–44 years .................... 21.7 1.9 1.9 19.6 6.8 10.8 4.9 2.7 5.3 5.0 45 years and over ................ 17.3 *1.1 *0.9 16.0 *1.6 10.5 6.9 *1.1 *1.2 3.2 Geographic region Northeast ....................... 20.1 *1.1 *1.0 18.9 4.4 10.5 7.0 2.7 2.7 4.6 Midwest ........................ 24.8 *1.0 *1.0 23.3 6.2 12.2 7.3 2.5 3.2 6.5 South ......................... 22.8 1.4 1.2 21.4 4.2 13.6 8.0 1.9 2.6 5.8 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 1.2 *1.1 23.8 3.8 15.3 7.8 2.7 1.9 7.3 Place of residence MSA4

......................... 23.0 1.2 1.1 21.6 4.6 12.8 7.3 2.5 2.6 5.9

Central city..................... 21.2 1.1 1.0 19.9 3.4 13.0 7.0 3.0 1.9 5.3 Not central city .................. 24.1 1.3 1.2 22.7 5.4 12.6 7.5 2.2 3.0 6.3 Not MSA4

....................... 24.4 *1.2 *1.0 23.1 4.8 13.9 8.6 1.9 2.7 6.6 1Includes unknowns for each characteristic. 2For currently employed persons 18 years of age and over only. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: Injuries coded 800–999 in the 9th revision,International Classification of Diseases , and impairments resulting from an accident are included. Injuries involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction are excluded. The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age can be computed by using parameter set IV of table II, the frequencies of table 52, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence can be computed by using parameter sets IV and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 52 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 70

### Table 52. Number of episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Number of episodes of persons injuried in thousands All persons3

..................... 60,452 3,198 2,869 56,912 8,777 24,675 19,674 6,197 6,720 15,728 Age Under 5 years .................... 5,218 – – 5,218 . . . . . . 2,836 63 – 409 5–17 years ...................... 12,702 142 88 12,372 . . . . . . 3,756 1,260 152 6,088 18–24 years ..................... 7,827 622 565 7,205 1,810 4,719 1,057 775 1,334 3,357 25–44 years ..................... 20,322 1,628 1,522 18,589 6,003 10,185 5,205 2,713 4,324 4,134 45–64 years ..................... 8,411 609 554 7,752 916 5,201 3,554 762 862 1,059 65 years and over.................. 5,973 197 139 5,776 48 4,571 3,266 625 48 680 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................ 31,554 1,782 1,560 29,669 6,540 11,516 9,006 3,482 4,662 9,686

Under 18 years .................. 10,194 54 – 10,087 . . . . . . 3,616 715 152 3,907 18–44 years .................... 15,853 1,253 1,143 14,600 5,949 7,933 2,996 2,161 3,974 5,089 45 years and over ................ 5,506 475 417 4,982 591 3,583 2,394 606 537 689 Female: All ages ........................ 28,899 1,416 1,309 27,243 2,237 13,159 10,667 2,715 2,058 6,042

Under 18 years .................. 7,726 88 88 7,503 . . . . . . 2,975 608 – 2,590 18–44 years .................... 12,296 997 945 11,195 1,864 6,971 3,266 1,326 1,684 2,402 45 years and over ................ 8,877 331 276 8,546 373 6,189 4,426 781 374 1,050 Race and age White: All ages ........................ 51,883 2,598 2,268 49,032 7,753 20,892 17,497 4,576 5,976 13,244

Under 18 years .................. 15,259 108 55 15,051 . . . . . . 5,872 806 152 5,490 18–44 years .................... 23,850 1,812 1,649 21,934 6,887 12,313 5,282 2,621 5,012 6,494 45 years and over ................ 12,775 678 564 12,048 866 8,578 6,343 1,149 812 1,261 Black: All ages ........................ 6,588 439 439 6,060 601 3,090 1,428 1,407 423 2,113

Under 18 years .................. 2,070 33 33 1,948 . . . . . . 502 518 – 685 18–44 years .................... 3,287 338 338 2,949 553 2,101 591 714 374 949 45 years and over ................ 1,231 68 68 1,163 49 989 334 176 49 479 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 71

### Table 52. Number of episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Family income and age Under $10,000: Number of episodes of persons injured in thousands All ages ........................ 7,639 281 281 7,358 621 3,926 2,742 1,013 435 2,070

Under 18 years .................. 2,170 33 33 2,137 . . . . . . 903 352 – 457 18–44 years .................... 3,343 115 115 3,228 621 2,174 755 429 278 1,332 45 years and over ................ 2,126 133 133 1,993 – 1,752 1,083 232 157 280 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................ 9,077 525 414 8,464 1,516 4,061 2,728 1,306 1,104 2,360

Under 18 years .................. 2,379 – – 2,290 . . . . . . 524 494 98 773 18–44 years .................... 4,992 477 367 4,515 1,481 2,820 1,314 660 972 1,337 45 years and over ................ 1,706 47 47 1,659 35 1,241 890 152 35 250 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ........................ 12,164 740 740 11,424 1,918 4,449 4,072 1,303 1,579 2,738

Under 18 years .................. 3,606 55 55 3,552 . . . . . . 1,857 140 54 1,184 18–44 years .................... 5,913 591 591 5,323 1,704 2,958 1,069 865 1,358 1,459 45 years and over ................ 2,645 94 94 2,550 214 1,491 1,146 298 166 95 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................ 21,903 1,185 1,076 20,518 3,406 7,724 6,767 1,691 2,664 6,255

Under 18 years .................. 7,500 54 – 7,400 . . . . . . 2,647 185 – 3,153 18–44 years .................... 9,472 814 814 8,553 2,956 4,712 2,154 1,196 2,325 2,187 45 years and over ................ 4,931 317 262 4,564 450 3,012 1,967 310 339 914 Geographic region Northeast ....................... 10,196 572 519 9,577 1,650 3,963 3,535 1,375 1,362 2,311 Midwest ........................ 15,695 662 662 14,737 2,845 5,612 4,594 1,558 2,009 4,082 South ......................... 20,113 1,252 1,032 18,861 2,705 8,804 7,045 1,687 2,282 5,128 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,448 712 655 13,736 1,575 6,296 4,499 1,578 1,068 4,206 Place of residence MSA4

......................... 46,642 2,506 2,290 43,841 6,770 18,885 14,834 5,149 5,214 11,980

Central city..................... 16,829 881 829 15,806 1,972 7,584 5,572 2,371 1,512 4,189 Not central city .................. 29,813 1,625 1,461 28,035 4,798 11,300 9,263 2,778 3,702 7,791 Not MSA4

....................... 13,810 692 579 13,071 2,007 5,791 4,840 1,048 1,506 3,748 1Includes unknowns for each characteristic. 2For currently employed persons 18 years of age and over only. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: Injuries coded 800–999 in the 9th Revision, International Classification of Diseases, and impairments resulting from an accident are included. Injuries involving neither medical attention nor activity restriction are excluded. The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set IV of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 6.6 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.6 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 693,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 72

### Table 53. Number of restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All persons3

..................... 304.5 71.4 66.4 231.1 112.8 207.6 72.8 80.2 52.8 68.5 Age Under 5 years .................... *26.5 *– *– *26.5 . . . . . . *11.2 *0.3 *– *2.4 5–17 years ...................... 106.0 *11.2 *8.2 93.6 . . . . . . 32.4 17.0 *0.2 50.3 18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211.5 39.9 39.2 171.6 54.1 103.8 32.3 50.3 32.0 77.8 25–44 years ..................... 352.3 111.9 105.6 237.2 143.3 157.0 40.7 119.0 81.8 76.4 45–64 years ..................... 447.2 117.5 109.3 327.5 131.2 236.2 87.4 129.4 98.1 84.5 65 years and over.................. 521.4 56.8 50.5 461.8 49.0 380.6 273.2 74.9 37.4 86.2 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................ 299.7 74.1 67.6 222.5 161.9 156.7 47.3 85.0 71.0 76.2

Under 18 years .................. 90.7 *8.1 *5.3 81.1 . . . . . . 29.2 *13.5 *0.3 38.3 18–44 years .................... 370.9 108.8 101.6 258.9 175.1 140.2 36.2 120.0 93.6 96.3 45 years and over ................ 398.6 87.8 78.8 306.4 143.0 180.3 80.7 103.7 106.6 83.7 Female: All ages ........................ 309.1 68.7 65.2 239.3 67.7 254.1 97.0 75.7 35.5 61.2

Under 18 years .................. 74.4 *7.8 *6.3 66.5 . . . . . . 23.1 *10.8 *– 34.1 18–44 years .................... 269.1 81.7 78.9 185.7 71.1 148.7 41.1 86.3 47.3 57.7 45 years and over ................ 540.4 99.9 93.7 439.7 63.4 384.9 223.7 112.8 48.2 86.4 Race and age White: All ages ........................ 310.4 71.3 66.5 236.8 115.2 201.4 74.8 78.3 54.9 68.7

Under 18 years .................. 96.0 *9.2 *6.6 85.7 . . . . . . 30.1 12.1 *0.2 43.8 18–44 years .................... 323.2 97.4 91.4 222.8 131.5 138.7 39.2 99.6 74.9 76.1 45 years and over ................ 461.4 87.3 82.2 371.9 94.9 279.4 153.8 103.2 72.4 79.0 Black: All ages ........................ 291.6 84.1 76.6 207.5 114.4 257.5 57.1 107.5 48.3 63.9

Under 18 years .................. *32.2 *4.0 *4.0 *28.2 . . . . . . *9.1 *15.9 *– *5.5 18–44 years .................... 327.5 98.9 98.9 228.6 92.6 188.8 *35.0 144.4 59.0 68.4 45 years and over ................ 608.5 175.0 142.7 433.5 154.5 383.7 168.5 174.8 99.7 142.0 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 73

### Table 53. Number of restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Family income and age Under $10,000: Number of restricted-activity days per 100 persons per year All ages ........................ 549.0 97.8 91.9 449.6 179.9 432.1 148.6 135.1 75.1 145.6

Under 18 years .................. 90.1 *15.0 *8.1 *75.1 . . . . . . *31.7 *21.1 *– *28.4 18–44 years .................... 517.3 103.9 103.3 413.4 139.6 264.3 70.9 160.1 *60.8 179.4 45 years and over ................ 1061.9 174.2 162.1 882.3 235.3 662.8 375.1 217.4 171.6 218.8 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................ 474.0 114.4 104.6 359.7 162.5 328.2 119.1 127.7 83.7 96.7

Under 18 years .................. 119.7 *15.2 *15.2 104.5 . . . . . . *22.9 *41.8 *1.0 *45.6 18–44 years .................... 501.0 107.9 93.3 393.2 184.4 215.8 94.2 108.0 123.8 119.1 45 years and over ................ 723.1 199.8 187.9 523.3 137.9 454.0 222.6 217.5 104.1 111.9 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ........................ 340.0 100.8 97.7 237.2 175.3 183.0 62.0 107.6 62.8 75.1

Under 18 years .................. 94.8 *9.0 *9.0 85.9 . . . . . . *29.8 *10.1 *– 46.4 18–44 years .................... 447.8 186.0 184.7 257.0 235.1 151.3 *22.5 201.9 102.3 83.5 45 years and over ................ 402.3 59.0 50.8 343.4 88.4 229.0 148.0 57.6 61.5 88.4 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................ 180.4 36.5 34.0 143.0 65.5 120.2 42.0 40.5 30.3 47.4

Under 18 years .................. 76.3 *4.9 *1.4 71.3 . . . . . . 28.9 *1.8 *– 37.1 18–44 years .................... 173.5 47.9 44.8 125.4 58.4 94.1 26.5 50.1 39.5 44.7 45 years and over ................ 293.3 50.1 49.7 240.2 76.2 160.2 78.5 63.8 46.2 61.7 Geographic region Northeast ....................... 267.9 42.2 40.2 225.6 88.8 182.5 75.8 55.8 49.8 59.4 Midwest ........................ 237.8 47.1 43.3 189.8 84.0 145.9 56.1 55.4 40.4 57.6 South ......................... 342.8 100.4 94.6 241.2 152.9 224.6 83.7 105.8 65.6 63.7 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351.3 79.1 71.5 265.9 103.7 272.8 71.9 89.9 49.4 95.6 Place of residence MSA4

......................... 293.7 59.0 53.4 232.8 106.6 202.8 70.5 67.7 56.8 70.3

Central city..................... 292.5 60.3 57.8 229.8 102.3 216.8 67.4 77.8 47.1 76.0 Not central city .................. 294.5 58.2 50.6 234.8 109.4 193.8 72.5 61.2 63.0 66.6 Not MSA4

....................... 343.4 115.6 112.8 225.1 134.4 224.3 81.1 125.3 38.6 61.9 1Includes unknowns for each characteristic. 2For currently employed persons 18 years of age and over only. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 54, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence can be computed by using parameter Sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 54 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 74

### Table 54. Number of restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Number of restricted-activity days in thousands All persons3

..................... 790,584 185,252 172,312 600,138 213,789 393,535 189,061 208,329 137,058 177,766 Age Under 5 years .................... 5,424 – – 5,424 . . . . . . 2,298 63 – 482 5–17 years ...................... 52,499 5,550 4,080 46,370 . . . . . . 16,046 8,435 98 24,931 18–24 years ..................... 53,478 10,095 9,924 43,383 13,675 26,252 8,156 12,715 8,082 19,684 25–44 years ..................... 291,995 92,769 87,541 196,582 118,800 130,107 33,730 98,648 67,836 63,319 45–64 years ..................... 225,414 59,214 55,093 165,088 66,119 119,081 44,077 65,243 49,454 42,602 65 years and over.................. 161,775 17,624 15,675 143,292 15,196 118,094 84,754 23,224 11,589 26,748 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................ 379,068 93,745 85,525 281,511 146,806 142,068 59,865 107,567 89,830 96,327

Under 18 years .................. 32,483 2,899 1,914 29,051 . . . . . . 10,450 4,821 98 13,739 18–44 years .................... 198,014 58,103 54,227 138,234 93,504 74,859 19,351 64,083 49,987 51,386 45 years and over ................ 148,571 32,743 29,383 114,226 53,303 67,209 30,064 38,663 39,745 31,202 Female: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411,516 91,507 86,788 318,627 66,983 251,467 129,196 100,762 47,229 81,439

Under 18 years .................. 25,440 2,651 2,166 22,742 . . . . . . 7,894 3,678 – 11,673 18–44 years .................... 147,458 44,761 43,237 101,731 38,971 81,500 22,535 47,279 25,931 31,618 45 years and over ................ 238,618 44,095 41,385 194,154 28,012 169,967 98,767 49,805 21,297 38,149 Race and age White: All ages ........................ 665,736 153,023 142,652 507,888 183,453 320,708 160,358 167,882 117,659 147,397

Under 18 years .................. 53,018 5,101 3,631 47,338 . . . . . . 16,653 6,705 98 24,191 18–44 years .................... 285,433 86,021 80,720 196,768 116,157 122,521 34,621 88,001 66,181 67,201 45 years and over ................ 327,285 61,901 58,301 263,782 67,296 198,187 109,084 73,176 51,380 56,006 Black: All ages ........................ 96,331 27,767 25,297 68,564 24,860 55,957 18,854 35,507 15,942 21,124

Under 18 years .................. 3,641 449 449 3,192 . . . . . . 1,030 1,794 – 618 18–44 years .................... 46,123 13,925 13,925 32,198 13,033 26,591 4,929 20,335 8,310 9,636 45 years and over ................ 46,567 13,392 10,923 33,174 11,827 29,366 12,895 13,379 7,632 10,870 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 75

### Table 54. Number of restricted-activity days associated with episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Family income and age Under $10,000: Number of restricted-activity days in thousands All ages ........................ 128,269 22,860 21,482 105,040 29,382 70,569 34,726 31,573 17,545 34,011

Under 18 years .................. 6,337 1,054 568 5,283 . . . . . . 2,232 1,486 – 1,998 18–44 years .................... 48,927 9,831 9,770 39,096 13,207 24,999 6,707 15,141 5,749 16,971 45 years and over ................ 73,005 11,975 11,143 60,661 16,175 45,570 25,787 14,946 11,797 15,042 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................ 176,683 42,629 38,998 134,054 44,139 89,163 44,376 47,606 31,198 36,038

Under 18 years .................. 12,089 1,534 1,534 10,555 . . . . . . 2,311 4,219 98 4,605 18–44 years .................... 71,883 15,475 13,379 56,408 26,463 30,961 13,521 15,497 17,759 17,085 45 years and over ................ 92,712 25,620 24,085 67,092 17,675 58,201 28,544 27,890 13,342 14,347 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ........................ 184,189 54,582 52,947 128,470 69,605 72,669 33,580 58,276 34,026 40,662

Under 18 years .................. 13,707 1,294 1,294 12,413 . . . . . . 4,310 1,461 – 6,701 18–44 years .................... 105,297 43,735 43,420 60,425 55,277 35,567 5,292 47,486 24,062 19,631 45 years and over ................ 65,185 9,553 8,233 55,631 14,328 37,102 23,978 9,329 9,964 14,329 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................ 180,958 36,611 34,133 143,390 47,294 86,863 42,089 40,624 30,435 47,590

Under 18 years .................. 21,401 1,371 386 19,984 . . . . . . 8,094 504 – 10,419 18–44 years .................... 75,817 20,950 19,567 54,814 25,545 41,117 11,594 21,911 17,242 19,542 45 years and over ................ 83,740 14,290 14,179 68,592 21,750 45,746 22,400 18,209 13,194 17,628 Geographic region Northeast ....................... 135,565 21,358 20,370 114,161 33,428 68,653 38,355 28,224 25,212 30,061 Midwest ........................ 150,411 29,776 27,399 120,050 38,796 67,368 35,494 35,031 25,537 36,445 South ......................... 301,925 88,466 83,316 212,493 98,858 145,159 73,712 93,228 57,780 56,112 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202,683 45,652 41,228 153,434 42,707 112,355 41,499 51,846 28,529 55,149 Place of residence MSA4

......................... 596,398 119,871 108,509 472,834 157,689 299,915 143,172 137,444 115,254 142,756

Central city..................... 232,534 47,979 45,922 182,740 59,640 126,311 53,609 61,829 37,427 60,410 Not central city .................. 363,864 71,892 62,586 290,094 98,048 173,603 89,563 75,616 77,826 82,346 Not MSA4

....................... 194,186 65,381 63,803 127,304 56,100 93,620 45,889 70,884 21,805 35,010 1Includes unknowns for each characteristic. 2For currently employed persons 18 years of age and over only. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 76

### Table 55. Number of bed days associated with episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All persons3

..................... 83.1 19.7 18.1 62.7 23.7 58.9 21.3 21.1 12.8 14.5 Age Under 5 years .................... *9.4 *– *– *9.4 . . . . . . *4.2 *– *– *0.5 5–17 years ...................... 22.6 *4.2 *4.0 18.1 . . . . . . *5.1 *7.1 *– *8.1 18–24 years ..................... 56.8 *12.4 *12.4 44.4 *11.0 29.5 *11.7 *16.7 *10.4 *12.6 25–44 years ..................... 84.5 25.2 21.9 57.5 27.0 39.5 8.3 25.1 19.3 18.1 45–64 years ..................... 136.5 37.9 35.6 98.6 36.0 69.8 26.5 38.5 26.1 22.8 65 years and over.................. 158.9 *18.8 *18.5 140.1 *5.1 117.0 92.3 22.5 *4.4 *12.1 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................ 68.6 14.9 12.8 52.4 28.3 41.9 14.7 16.9 15.4 14.0

Under 18 years .................. 18.4 *1.7 *1.4 *16.2 . . . . . . *5.2 *3.0 *– *7.0 18–44 years .................... 74.4 17.7 15.0 54.0 25.9 32.6 *10.5 20.0 19.8 17.0 45 years and over ................ 108.6 23.6 20.5 85.0 31.6 55.3 29.7 25.6 23.8 16.3 Female: All ages ........................ 96.8 24.2 23.2 72.5 19.5 74.5 27.6 25.2 10.3 14.9

Under 18 years .................. 19.0 *4.3 *4.3 *14.8 . . . . . . *4.4 *7.0 *– *4.8 18–44 years .................... 81.5 26.6 24.3 54.8 20.6 41.6 *7.8 26.2 14.7 16.6 45 years and over ................ 175.8 36.6 36.3 139.3 18.0 115.2 70.1 38.1 *12.8 20.7 Race and age White: All ages ........................ 82.4 18.6 17.2 63.1 22.9 56.1 20.3 19.8 13.5 13.9

Under 18 years .................. 21.7 *3.8 *3.6 17.6 . . . . . . *5.8 *4.8 *– *7.3 18–44 years .................... 78.0 22.4 19.4 53.9 23.7 37.1 7.9 22.0 18.9 16.8 45 years and over ................ 135.2 25.3 25.2 109.8 22.0 79.7 47.0 28.9 17.4 15.3 Black: All ages ........................ 95.2 30.0 26.6 65.2 35.9 72.4 19.5 33.7 *11.4 23.1

Under 18 years .................. *9.6 *– *– *9.6 . . . . . . *1.6 *7.6 *– *0.5 18–44 years .................... 94.5 *26.7 *26.7 67.8 *27.6 *40.9 *12.1 *36.7 *12.5 *22.6 45 years and over ................ 223.0 80.6 *65.8 142.4 *51.1 130.4 *59.4 *67.0 *26.1 *57.2 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 77

### Table 55. Number of bed days associated with episodes of persons injured per 100 persons per year, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Family income and age Under $10,000: Number of bed days per 100 persons per year All ages ........................ 187.7 42.7 39.0 145.0 63.1 147.4 52.4 51.8 *25.6 37.5

Under 18 years .................. *25.9 *– *– *25.9 . . . . . . *4.4 *12.1 *– *4.6 18–44 years .................... 143.4 *38.9 *38.6 104.5 *43.8 75.8 *23.1 *61.0 *17.1 *28.0 45 years and over ................ 414.0 91.6 *79.5 322.4 89.5 246.0 141.8 *79.5 *63.3 *84.4 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................ 138.2 34.9 31.7 103.3 45.9 83.0 29.6 37.0 23.9 22.1

Under 18 years .................. *31.5 *7.9 *7.9 *23.6 . . . . . . *3.7 *12.2 *– *12.5 18–44 years .................... 139.8 *31.0 *24.0 108.8 49.3 46.1 *16.7 *30.0 *31.7 *35.6 45 years and over ................ 220.6 60.7 59.1 159.9 *42.0 124.3 64.3 64.3 *34.1 *14.6 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ........................ 72.6 17.3 16.8 55.3 23.0 49.3 17.4 17.3 12.1 14.7

Under 18 years .................. *18.8 *6.6 *6.6 *12.1 . . . . . . *7.4 *7.1 *– *3.9 18–44 years .................... 91.5 26.2 *25.5 65.3 27.7 47.6 *9.6 26.4 *22.9 *21.5 45 years and over ................ 93.0 *13.8 *13.2 79.2 *16.3 51.8 37.7 *13.2 *7.3 *14.5 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................ 43.4 9.1 8.1 34.3 11.8 28.1 9.7 9.3 6.1 8.9

Under 18 years .................. *14.6 *1.2 *0.8 *13.4 . . . . . . *3.8 *0.8 *– *5.3 18–44 years .................... 35.7 *11.1 *9.5 24.5 *7.9 20.5 *4.5 *10.6 *7.8 *9.1 45 years and over ................ 83.4 *13.7 *13.3 69.7 *17.7 39.6 23.6 *15.6 *9.7 *12.2 Geographic region Northeast ....................... 63.1 13.3 13.3 49.8 *12.8 49.0 20.0 17.0 *6.8 *11.4 Midwest ........................ 74.1 18.1 16.5 55.6 26.5 46.6 18.2 20.1 10.4 13.9 South ......................... 94.3 24.2 22.3 70.1 31.0 70.0 24.4 24.5 19.6 15.3 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.3 20.0 17.6 70.8 18.9 64.2 21.1 20.8 *10.1 16.4 Place of residence MSA4

......................... 80.4 18.9 16.9 61.4 23.9 56.4 19.5 19.5 13.8 15.0

Central city..................... 81.9 18.4 17.1 63.3 30.2 54.1 16.4 21.6 16.0 18.0 Not central city .................. 79.4 19.2 16.9 60.1 19.8 57.9 21.5 18.1 12.3 13.1 Not MSA4

....................... 92.7 22.5 22.3 67.7 22.8 67.7 27.6 27.1 *9.2 12.4 1Includes unknowns for each characteristic. 2For currently employed persons 18 years of age and over only. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age for columns 1–4 and 7–10 can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 56, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 5 and 6 can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 56 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 56 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 78

### Table 56. Number of bed days associated with episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Number of bed days in thousands All persons3

..................... 215,635 51,057 46,993 162,911 44,869 111,659 55,271 54,912 33,148 37,529 Age Under 5 years .................... 1,915 – – 1,915 . . . . . . 870 – – 107 5–17 years ...................... 11,195 2,080 1,973 8,955 . . . . . . 2,507 3,495 – 4,026 18–24 years ..................... 14,354 3,137 3,137 11,217 2,774 7,460 2,956 4,228 2,642 3,190 25–44 years ..................... 70,057 20,899 18,182 47,651 22,364 32,730 6,914 20,800 15,989 14,984 45–64 years ..................... 68,809 19,110 17,966 49,698 18,159 35,178 13,382 19,408 13,167 11,472 65 years and over.................. 49,305 5,831 5,735 43,475 1,571 36,291 28,643 6,981 1,350 3,749 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................ 86,798 18,858 16,170 66,325 25,618 37,990 18,571 21,330 19,446 17,650

Under 18 years .................. 6,597 618 511 5,819 . . . . . . 1,874 1,091 – 2,492 18–44 years .................... 39,732 9,451 7,999 28,826 13,831 17,384 5,615 10,680 10,565 9,082 45 years and over ................ 40,469 8,789 7,660 31,680 11,787 20,606 11,083 9,559 8,881 6,076 Female: All ages ........................ 128,837 32,199 30,823 96,586 19,251 73,669 36,700 33,582 13,702 19,879

Under 18 years .................. 6,513 1,462 1,462 5,051 . . . . . . 1,503 2,404 – 1,641 18–44 years .................... 44,679 14,585 13,320 30,041 11,308 22,805 4,255 14,348 8,065 9,093 45 years and over ................ 77,645 16,152 16,041 61,493 7,944 50,864 30,942 16,830 5,636 9,146 Race and age White: All ages ........................ 176,776 39,865 36,930 135,244 36,518 89,299 43,488 42,500 28,977 29,708

Under 18 years .................. 11,967 2,080 1,973 9,727 . . . . . . 3,200 2,641 – 4,021 18–44 years .................... 68,933 19,810 17,093 47,615 20,903 32,783 6,985 19,392 16,656 14,846 45 years and over ................ 95,877 17,974 17,864 77,902 15,615 56,517 33,303 20,466 12,321 10,841 Black: All ages ........................ 31,452 9,927 8,798 21,525 7,795 15,738 6,427 11,147 3,756 7,621

Under 18 years .................. 1,084 – – 1,084 . . . . . . 177 854 – 53 18–44 years .................... 13,303 3,759 3,759 9,544 3,882 5,756 1,701 5,169 1,762 3,186 45 years and over ................ 17,065 6,168 5,039 10,896 3,913 9,982 4,549 5,125 1,994 4,381 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 79

### Table 56. Number of bed days associated with episodes of persons injured, by whether in moving motor vehicle, whether at work, place of accident, and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All episodes 1 Moving motor vehicle? Place of accident Yes At work? 2 Total Traffic No Yes No At home Street or highway Industrial place Other Family income and age Under $10,000: Number of bed days in thousands All ages ........................ 43,848 9,976 9,114 33,872 10,298 24,077 12,249 12,092 5,975 8,771

Under 18 years .................. 1,821 – – 1,821 . . . . . . 311 854 – 323 18–44 years .................... 13,565 3,680 3,650 9,885 4,144 7,167 2,187 5,774 1,621 2,647 45 years and over ................ 28,461 6,295 5,464 22,166 6,154 16,910 9,750 5,464 4,354 5,801 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................ 51,513 13,013 11,817 38,500 12,469 22,544 11,016 13,792 8,916 8,239

Under 18 years .................. 3,182 795 795 2,388 . . . . . . 377 1,236 – 1,258 18–44 years .................... 20,053 4,441 3,447 15,612 7,078 6,609 2,400 4,307 4,550 5,104 45 years and over ................ 28,278 7,778 7,576 20,500 5,390 15,935 8,240 8,250 4,366 1,877 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ........................ 39,307 9,361 9,096 29,947 9,145 19,573 9,421 9,378 6,570 7,968

Under 18 years .................. 2,712 958 958 1,754 . . . . . . 1,071 1,024 – 565 18–44 years .................... 21,522 6,168 5,999 15,355 6,507 11,185 2,246 6,214 5,385 5,055 45 years and over ................ 15,073 2,235 2,140 12,838 2,638 8,387 6,104 2,140 1,185 2,349 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................ 43,510 9,083 8,172 34,375 8,504 20,275 9,777 9,328 6,164 8,960

Under 18 years .................. 4,086 328 221 3,759 . . . . . . 1,078 221 – 1,484 18–44 years .................... 15,608 4,836 4,143 10,720 3,448 8,967 1,953 4,652 3,404 3,982 45 years and over ................ 23,815 3,919 3,809 19,896 5,055 11,307 6,747 4,455 2,760 3,494 Geographic region Northeast ....................... 31,916 6,725 6,725 25,192 4,834 18,421 10,108 8,627 3,420 5,775 Midwest ........................ 46,844 11,461 10,460 35,171 12,241 21,530 11,492 12,706 6,594 8,770 South ......................... 83,052 21,334 19,639 61,718 20,014 45,269 21,495 21,556 17,291 13,515 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,822 11,537 10,168 40,830 7,780 26,440 12,177 12,024 5,842 9,469 Place of residence MSA4

......................... 163,207 38,344 34,390 124,651 35,363 83,384 39,656 39,602 27,943 30,518

Central city..................... 65,125 14,637 13,566 50,329 17,608 31,503 13,051 17,176 12,704 14,332 Not central city .................. 98,082 23,707 20,824 74,323 17,755 51,881 26,605 22,426 15,240 16,186 Not MSA4

....................... 52,428 12,713 12,602 38,260 9,506 28,275 15,616 15,310 5,204 7,011 1Includes unknowns for each characteristic. 2For currently employed persons 18 years of age and over only. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 55.4 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 13.4 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 6.0 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 80

### Table 57. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of chronic condition All ages Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total Under 18 years 18–44 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Arthritis ............................ 128.8 32.8 2.7 52.3 239.0 501.5 476.9 536.6 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 2.1 *– 3.5 19.1 37.0 32.8 43.0 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 23.1 13.8 *0.2 22.5 50.7 31.7 36.8 24.4 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified ........... 10.5 5.4 *1.1 8.2 23.9 17.6 21.9 *11.4 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 2.9 *1.1 4.0 8.5 18.5 16.8 21.0 Trouble with bunions .................... 12.7 6.2 *1.1 9.5 21.4 35.7 27.2 48.0 Bursitis, unclassified .................... 20.3 9.8 *0.7 15.7 42.0 45.5 50.8 38.0 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.2 *0.6 6.5 4.7 8.2 9.9 *5.9 Trouble with acne ...................... 20.2 27.6 29.4 26.4 5.0 *2.7 *3.7 *1.3 Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 7.1 4.0 9.0 17.0 14.5 15.2 13.4 Dermatitis ........................... 35.4 36.5 37.6 35.7 33.6 32.3 32.7 31.7 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 23.7 18.8 12.1 23.1 32.9 37.3 33.4 42.7 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 23.1 16.2 10.1 20.2 30.9 49.8 47.6 52.8 Trouble with corns and calluses ............. 16.8 9.6 *0.8 15.2 29.0 38.4 35.2 43.0 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 33.1 21.2 8.7 29.3 45.1 82.2 61.5 111.8 Color blindness ....................... 12.3 9.3 4.2 12.6 20.0 16.5 21.1 *9.9 Cataracts ........................... 24.9 2.5 *1.4 3.2 17.3 166.2 113.0 242.4 Glaucoma ........................... 10.0 1.9 *0.3 2.9 11.8 53.9 33.6 82.9 Hearing impairment ..................... 86.3 36.8 17.5 49.4 137.9 286.4 234.6 360.4 Tinnitus ............................ 27.1 10.7 *2.1 16.2 46.3 90.1 90.1 90.0 Speech impairment ..................... 12.2 13.7 20.9 9.1 8.9 9.0 11.1 *6.0 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 2.6 *0.3 4.0 7.8 17.8 17.0 19.0 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 5.5 2.8 *2.2 3.1 9.1 15.0 11.6 19.9 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 119.7 97.4 28.0 142.4 170.0 165.6 154.1 182.1

Back............................. 74.0 63.4 11.2 97.1 102.3 89.0 89.9 87.7 Upper extremities ..................... 15.4 10.5 *1.2 16.4 25.5 27.2 19.0 38.8 Lower extremities ..................... 48.1 36.8 16.5 49.9 70.0 77.7 66.5 93.7 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 17.1 12.3 *1.3 19.5 25.2 31.6 35.8 25.5 Hernia of abdominal cavity ................ 18.4 6.8 *1.3 10.3 31.2 64.4 63.2 66.0 Gastritis or duodenitis ................... 13.1 9.2 2.8 13.4 17.6 28.3 27.9 29.0 Frequent indigestion .................... 26.8 19.7 *2.0 31.2 40.9 44.6 42.6 47.5 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 5.2 *1.0 7.9 13.1 13.9 12.5 16.0 Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 5.3 *0.2 8.5 12.6 15.9 15.8 16.1 Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 1.4 *– 2.3 17.5 32.9 31.4 34.9 Frequent constipation.................... 15.6 9.7 5.0 12.7 12.3 54.6 32.4 86.3 See notes at end of table.



### 81

### Table 57. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of chronic condition All ages Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total Under 18 years 18–44 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid ......... 17.4 8.5 *0.2 13.8 29.9 48.1 47.4 49.0 Diabetes............................ 29.9 8.1 *1.4 12.4 63.1 101.2 101.6 100.8 Anemias............................ 18.0 17.6 12.2 21.2 17.6 20.4 16.7 25.7 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 5.5 4.7 6.0 4.7 5.7 *5.9 *5.4 Migraine headache ..................... 43.4 44.5 16.1 62.9 52.5 21.8 24.2 18.2 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 0.9 *– 1.5 3.7 6.9 *5.9 *8.4 Kidney trouble ........................ 13.5 10.9 3.4 15.8 17.2 22.4 14.7 33.5 Bladder disorders ...................... 14.4 9.3 4.4 12.5 16.9 39.7 36.2 44.7 Diseases of prostate .................... 10.2 1.8 *– 2.9 13.7 52.7 47.0 60.8 Disease of female genital organs ............ 19.5 19.5 3.6 29.9 26.4 7.7 9.1 *5.7 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 8.0 5.3 *1.4 7.8 12.4 16.1 18.6 12.4 Heart disease ........................ 85.8 30.1 18.1 37.9 135.7 324.9 281.2 387.3

Ischemic heart disease ................. 30.8 2.5 *0.1 4.1 56.4 151.8 134.0 177.3 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 34.4 21.2 13.9 25.9 47.6 88.9 74.5 109.5

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 3.9 *1.4 5.6 15.4 34.0 28.2 42.4 Heart murmurs ..................... 17.2 15.0 12.1 16.9 22.7 21.1 18.9 24.2 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 7.4 2.2 *0.5 3.4 9.6 33.8 27.4 43.0 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding hypertension ................ 20.6 6.4 4.0 7.9 31.6 84.1 72.8 100.4 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 108.8 32.2 2.7 51.3 222.3 364.0 347.2 388.0 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 1.6 *0.9 2.0 18.2 57.4 40.7 81.2 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 *0.2 *– *0.4 11.1 52.9 38.0 74.1 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 28.0 13.5 *– 22.2 50.5 74.7 75.0 74.2 Hemorrhoids ......................... 35.9 24.0 *0.4 39.3 62.1 61.7 61.7 61.6 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 54.0 50.1 55.3 46.7 63.9 60.5 62.3 57.9 Asthma ............................ 56.1 58.6 69.1 51.7 50.8 50.5 52.4 47.8 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 100.7 98.6 60.5 123.3 120.8 80.0 86.6 70.5 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 134.4 118.7 65.1 153.3 179.9 151.1 150.1 152.5 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 5.6 *0.8 8.7 13.4 11.6 16.2 *5.0 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids . . . . . . . . . 11.3 15.5 23.1 10.6 *3.0 *0.4 *0.7 *– Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 *0.7 *– *1.1 9.9 45.5 47.1 43.4 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II, the frequencies of table 62, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 82

### Table 58. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by sex and age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Male Female Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Arthritis ............................ 27.4 176.8 428.6 430.8 424.9 38.2 297.0 553.5 513.6 604.4 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 31.7 54.5 57.1 50.4 *1.0 7.3 24.4 *13.4 38.5 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 16.2 52.4 35.2 42.3 *23.2 11.3 49.3 29.2 32.4 25.2 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 20.8 15.7 *15.7 *15.6 6.8 26.9 18.9 26.8 *8.8 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 *3.7 *8.1 *10.0 *4.8 2.6 13.0 26.0 22.2 30.8 Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 11.5 13.9 *10.0 *20.5 10.3 30.7 51.3 40.9 64.6 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 34.0 38.4 52.6 *14.3 11.0 49.6 50.6 49.3 52.3 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 *5.3 *11.2 *10.0 *13.3 3.0 *4.2 *6.1 *9.9 *1.4 Trouble with acne ...................... 23.6 *2.8 *3.2 *3.1 *3.3 31.6 7.1 *2.3 *4.1 *– Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 20.2 14.5 21.6 *2.5 8.7 14.2 14.5 *10.2 *20.0 Dermatitis ........................... 29.3 21.8 22.4 25.3 *17.6 43.6 44.6 39.4 38.6 40.2 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 17.1 29.6 40.4 36.6 46.7 20.5 36.1 35.0 30.8 40.5 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 16.0 32.1 40.1 40.9 38.8 16.4 29.7 56.6 52.9 61.4 Trouble with corns and calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 25.3 19.8 21.0 *17.8 12.2 32.5 51.6 46.5 58.1 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 29.5 52.7 91.6 78.4 113.7 12.9 38.0 75.5 48.0 110.7 Color blindness ....................... 16.6 33.0 28.3 35.6 *16.0 2.0 7.9 *8.0 *9.5 *6.2 Cataracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 12.3 129.6 79.0 214.7 2.5 21.9 192.4 140.0 259.2 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 13.2 48.0 32.3 74.3 *1.8 10.4 58.2 34.7 88.2 Hearing impairment ..................... 43.2 191.9 354.1 298.8 447.1 30.4 87.5 238.0 183.3 307.8 Tinnitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 60.4 113.8 118.1 106.6 9.8 33.2 73.1 67.7 79.9 Speech impairment ..................... 19.2 11.0 13.7 *14.2 *13.1 8.3 7.0 *5.6 *8.6 *1.8 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 14.0 34.7 34.1 35.7 *0.9 *2.0 *5.7 *3.3 *8.9 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 3.1 11.3 19.2 *14.1 *27.8 2.5 6.9 12.0 *9.6 *15.1 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 93.5 166.7 153.7 144.4 169.3 101.3 173.2 174.1 161.8 189.9

Back............................. 55.2 94.5 83.3 88.6 74.3 71.5 109.6 93.1 90.9 95.8 Upper extremities ..................... 12.5 29.5 22.7 *11.0 42.5 8.4 21.8 30.3 25.4 36.6 Lower extremities ..................... 40.5 68.4 67.6 66.1 70.1 33.0 71.5 84.9 66.7 108.0 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 27.4 28.5 27.1 *30.9 13.3 23.3 33.8 42.8 22.3 Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 31.2 55.1 54.7 55.6 5.8 31.3 71.0 70.0 72.3 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 18.8 15.7 *13.4 *19.3 10.5 16.5 37.4 39.3 34.7 Frequent indigestion .................... 20.5 42.8 47.2 44.6 51.5 18.9 39.0 42.8 41.0 45.3 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 *5.9 *4.9 *4.6 *5.6 6.7 19.8 20.4 18.9 22.3 Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 *3.5 *8.0 *7.8 *8.5 8.5 21.0 21.5 22.3 20.5 Diverticula of intestines .................. *1.6 15.5 23.4 22.3 *25.3 *1.2 19.3 39.6 38.7 40.7 Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 6.8 31.1 *13.8 60.2 15.1 17.3 71.5 47.3 102.2 See notes at end of table.



### 83

### Table 58. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by sex and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Male Female Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 2.4 7.8 22.0 *13.1 36.9 14.6 50.5 66.7 74.8 56.2 Diabetes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 63.3 107.3 102.4 115.6 8.9 63.0 96.9 101.0 91.8 Anemias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 *4.5 *11.4 *7.3 *18.5 29.3 29.9 26.8 24.3 30.1 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 *5.6 *8.0 *5.5 *12.0 5.3 *3.8 *4.0 *6.2 *1.3 Migraine headache ..................... 22.0 24.2 12.7 *17.1 *5.2 67.1 78.9 28.2 29.9 26.2 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified ............ *0.2 *2.0 *7.3 *4.4 *12.2 *1.6 *5.4 *6.6 *7.1 *6.0 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 16.3 23.2 *16.1 35.1 16.6 18.0 21.9 *13.5 32.6 Bladder disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 *5.4 22.3 *15.4 33.8 15.9 27.7 52.1 52.8 51.3 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 28.3 126.5 105.8 161.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disease of female genital organs . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 39.1 51.1 13.3 16.4 *9.2 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 2.9 8.5 *10.8 *12.5 *7.9 7.7 16.0 19.8 23.6 *15.2 Heart disease ........................ 27.0 162.0 360.5 319.3 429.9 33.1 111.0 299.4 250.8 361.4

Ischemic heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 81.9 191.8 183.4 205.8 *1.3 32.5 123.3 94.5 160.1 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 16.5 41.8 78.8 63.7 104.1 25.8 53.1 96.2 83.1 112.8

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0 14.4 27.4 27.1 *27.8 4.8 16.3 38.7 29.0 51.2 Heart murmurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 15.8 15.2 *15.3 *14.9 18.5 29.0 25.3 21.8 29.8 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 2.0 11.6 36.3 21.3 61.4 2.5 7.7 32.1 32.3 31.8 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 38.3 89.9 72.1 119.7 6.0 25.4 80.0 73.3 88.7 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 31.9 220.0 319.5 307.7 339.2 32.4 224.5 395.8 378.7 417.5 Cerebrovascular disease ................. *1.3 20.4 53.1 39.6 75.9 1.9 16.2 60.5 41.6 84.4 Hardening of the arteries ................. *0.4 14.0 69.1 47.2 105.8 *– 8.4 41.3 30.7 55.1 Varicose veins of lower extremities . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 17.8 42.3 32.5 58.5 23.3 81.0 97.9 109.0 83.8 Hemorrhoids ......................... 19.1 68.7 56.9 51.0 66.6 29.0 55.8 65.1 70.2 58.6 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 43.6 43.8 51.5 41.7 68.0 56.5 82.7 67.0 79.0 51.7 Asthma ............................ 57.1 32.3 50.9 39.3 70.3 60.0 68.0 50.2 62.8 34.1 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 98.0 107.3 71.1 79.6 56.6 99.2 133.4 86.3 92.2 78.8 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 101.9 147.5 116.5 118.2 113.9 135.5 210.2 175.7 175.5 176.1 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 14.5 16.3 22.3 *6.2 6.8 12.3 *8.2 *11.3 *4.3 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids . . . . . . . . . 11.7 *1.6 *– *– *– 19.3 *4.2 *0.7 *1.2 *– Emphysema ......................... *1.2 10.3 67.9 59.9 81.3 *0.1 9.5 29.6 36.7 20.4 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II, the frequencies of table 63, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 84

### Table 59. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by race and age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition White Black Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Arthritis ............................ 33.8 239.8 501.6 481.8 529.4 28.5 257.0 550.3 486.8 651.9 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 17.9 35.0 33.7 36.8 *3.0 *27.5 *55.5 *34.8 *88.6 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 15.9 54.1 31.8 35.2 27.0 *2.7 *25.3 *24.2 *39.3 *– Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 25.8 19.4 24.7 *11.9 *1.6 *11.3 *3.2 *– *8.2 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 10.0 20.7 18.9 23.2 *1.8 *– *– *– *– Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 22.0 38.5 29.2 51.4 8.3 *24.6 *10.7 *14.2 *4.1 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 39.3 44.1 49.2 37.0 *3.1 66.9 *56.7 *56.0 *57.7 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 5.4 8.5 9.9 *6.5 *2.2 *1.0 *7.9 *12.9 *– Trouble with acne ...................... 28.2 4.8 *3.0 *4.2 *1.4 21.6 *8.4 *– *– *– Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 18.6 14.6 16.4 *12.0 *1.2 *11.1 *17.8 *7.7 *33.0 Dermatitis ........................... 38.9 34.2 34.7 35.6 33.5 21.4 32.6 *9.9 *4.5 *18.5 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 19.4 32.9 38.2 32.1 46.7 14.3 32.0 *38.4 *58.6 *6.2 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 18.0 32.1 49.8 46.5 54.4 7.7 *25.3 *57.1 *63.1 *47.4 Trouble with corns and calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 27.9 36.5 32.2 42.5 12.0 45.2 70.5 *77.3 *59.7 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 20.9 44.0 81.9 65.1 105.4 23.4 57.5 87.6 *43.8 *157.6 Color blindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 20.1 18.2 23.5 *10.9 *4.6 *22.0 *2.0 *3.2 *– Cataracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 17.1 165.4 113.6 237.9 *1.7 *16.8 181.1 114.6 288.4 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 10.8 48.3 28.9 75.3 *3.7 *21.1 127.2 *94.0 180.2 Hearing impairment ..................... 38.1 146.0 302.9 250.2 376.7 29.7 70.4 162.8 150.0 183.3 Tinnitus ............................ 10.7 47.8 95.8 98.4 92.1 8.9 31.4 *44.4 *34.1 *59.7 Speech impairment ..................... 12.3 7.3 8.0 10.3 *4.8 24.4 *21.1 *17.0 *22.5 *8.2 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 7.5 15.9 13.3 19.4 *1.8 *11.5 *44.4 *59.9 *18.5 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 2.5 8.1 14.4 11.0 19.2 *5.1 *11.1 *21.8 *21.2 *21.6 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 103.0 169.4 168.7 161.0 179.4 78.2 186.0 122.4 *90.1 174.0

Back............................. 68.0 105.6 89.9 94.0 84.2 46.1 81.1 74.9 *44.4 *122.6 Upper extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 25.0 28.9 21.2 39.8 *4.8 *22.0 *16.2 *2.6 *38.1 Lower extremities ..................... 37.1 67.3 78.4 69.6 90.8 38.3 108.4 64.2 *45.1 *93.7 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 22.7 28.6 29.9 26.6 13.2 43.1 *57.4 *81.8 *18.5 Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 35.0 67.6 65.0 71.3 8.6 *12.1 *42.4 *57.3 *18.5 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 19.8 28.9 29.2 28.5 8.3 *5.1 *26.5 *16.7 *41.2 Frequent indigestion .................... 22.1 43.4 47.1 44.4 51.0 10.2 *24.6 *26.1 *38.6 *6.2 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 15.0 15.6 14.1 17.6 *3.1 *1.8 *– *– *– Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 14.1 16.8 16.2 17.7 *4.3 *3.3 *4.0 *6.4 *– Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 19.7 36.2 34.4 38.6 *– *6.4 *6.3 *10.3 *– Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 11.4 52.9 31.1 83.4 14.3 *17.4 80.0 *50.2 *128.7 See notes at end of table.



### 85

### Table 59. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by race and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition White Black Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 9.2 30.5 50.3 49.2 51.9 *4.8 *14.2 *21.8 *27.7 *11.3 Diabetes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 53.6 94.6 97.1 91.1 10.2 144.3 160.9 155.8 168.9 Anemias............................ 13.5 16.4 21.4 16.9 27.7 40.6 *29.2 *15.1 *20.0 *8.2 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 4.5 *5.2 *6.5 *3.1 *6.3 *8.4 *13.5 *1.3 *33.0 Migraine headache ..................... 46.8 51.5 22.6 25.6 18.3 36.1 58.1 *19.0 *16.7 *22.7 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified ............ *1.0 3.8 6.9 *6.0 *8.2 *0.8 *– *5.2 *– *13.4 Kidney trouble ........................ 12.0 17.4 21.8 16.3 29.6 *4.2 *14.6 *27.7 *– *72.1 Bladder disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 17.7 38.5 38.9 38.0 13.8 *12.5 *47.5 *12.2 *104.0 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 13.5 53.7 46.4 63.9 *1.7 *8.4 *32.5 *28.3 *39.1 Disease of female genital organs ............ 20.4 26.6 8.4 10.3 *5.7 19.3 *19.9 *2.8 *– *7.2 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 5.6 11.9 16.7 20.6 *11.2 *4.6 *16.2 *2.4 *3.9 *– Heart disease ........................ 30.9 138.4 339.3 301.5 392.0 26.0 135.7 200.9 118.5 332.6

Ischemic heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 58.8 161.4 145.3 183.9 *2.9 40.7 74.9 *60.5 *96.8 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 21.8 48.4 94.5 81.2 113.2 16.7 53.8 *51.9 *26.4 *92.7

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 16.0 36.3 30.8 44.0 *0.9 *17.0 *18.6 *9.7 *33.0 Heart murmurs ..................... 15.0 22.8 22.1 20.9 23.8 14.9 *28.5 *15.8 *3.9 *36.0 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 2.4 9.7 36.1 29.3 45.4 *1.0 *8.2 *17.4 *13.5 *24.7 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 31.2 83.4 75.0 95.0 6.3 41.1 74.1 *31.6 *142.1 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 30.0 208.1 354.7 338.7 376.9 47.5 337.9 479.4 439.2 543.8 Cerebrovascular disease ................. *1.0 17.7 56.8 40.5 79.6 *2.4 *30.6 70.1 *47.6 *107.1 Hardening of the arteries ................. *0.3 11.2 56.0 40.0 78.4 *– *12.1 *22.6 *10.9 *41.2 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 15.1 52.0 79.8 80.5 78.7 *4.7 36.3 *31.3 *25.8 *39.1 Hemorrhoids ......................... 26.1 64.9 66.2 67.0 65.0 16.3 53.2 *26.5 *20.6 *36.0 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 54.3 71.3 60.9 63.2 57.7 32.5 *21.1 *48.7 *42.5 *59.7 Asthma ............................ 58.2 52.3 51.9 54.3 48.7 58.9 49.7 *44.0 *41.9 *48.4 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 104.0 125.6 78.1 82.2 72.2 74.3 85.0 85.2 106.9 *50.5 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 122.2 183.2 158.2 156.9 160.1 117.8 192.2 89.1 *99.8 *72.1 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 14.9 13.0 18.3 *5.5 *2.4 *5.8 *– *– *– Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids ......... 15.6 *2.2 *0.4 *0.7 *– 13.5 *10.7 *– *– *– Emphysema ......................... *0.7 10.7 48.7 49.6 47.4 *– *4.3 *15.1 *20.0 *7.2 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II, the frequencies of table 64, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 86

### Table 60. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by family income and age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Arthritis ............................ 49.1 511.4 650.8 560.1 728.9 32.7 340.3 549.0 527.5 575.6 Gout, including gouty arthritis ............... *3.3 *29.6 50.7 *28.2 *70.0 *3.2 *13.6 34.6 41.3 *26.3 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 10.1 77.3 39.3 *49.5 *31.1 17.1 86.5 33.1 *39.0 *25.7 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified ........... *5.8 *15.7 *7.4 *5.9 *8.7 *3.7 *28.1 *14.9 *16.8 *12.7 Disorders of bone or cartilage .............. *2.7 *22.4 *29.3 *39.4 *21.0 *4.7 *19.1 28.1 *18.3 *40.3 Trouble with bunions .................... *6.5 *21.4 49.7 *13.8 80.5 *4.9 *19.8 38.7 *33.0 *45.8 Bursitis, unclassified .................... *2.7 97.6 92.9 100.0 86.9 10.9 59.2 31.3 *47.8 *10.8 Sebaceous skin cyst .................... *3.8 *5.0 *14.5 *25.5 *5.0 *1.2 *9.5 *10.2 *11.3 *8.7 Trouble with acne ...................... 32.3 *8.9 *– *– *– *23.3 *1.8 *4.4 *8.0 *– Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 *24.6 *31.5 *27.1 *34.8 *4.7 *18.6 *14.3 *19.3 *8.4 Dermatitis ........................... 23.9 *42.0 *43.0 *33.0 *51.7 26.9 41.1 36.1 *42.0 *28.5 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 16.4 *45.6 50.4 *35.1 *63.6 17.8 50.8 35.2 *37.8 *31.9 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 17.2 *50.9 85.3 *68.1 100.1 23.7 45.0 54.9 54.0 *55.8 Trouble with corns and calluses ............. 16.1 *43.4 49.4 *44.7 *53.5 7.2 33.6 37.9 43.8 *30.7 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 28.7 112.5 92.2 *35.1 141.3 23.9 70.8 101.4 65.3 146.5 Color blindness ....................... 10.7 *20.3 *7.4 *10.6 *4.6 *6.0 *27.3 *16.6 *11.5 *22.9 Cataracts ........................... *4.0 *43.1 243.2 160.1 *314.6 *2.9 34.9 199.6 121.1 296.8 Glaucoma ........................... *2.4 *12.5 69.1 *39.4 *95.1 *3.7 *15.9 55.9 *31.8 85.8 Hearing impairment ..................... 44.0 240.0 286.5 202.1 358.5 51.5 189.6 336.8 240.4 456.0 Tinnitus ............................ 17.1 96.5 95.9 105.9 87.8 16.4 71.3 126.8 94.3 167.3 Speech impairment ..................... 33.1 *29.9 *7.4 *16.0 *– *21.6 *13.6 *13.7 *19.0 *6.8 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) ............... *4.7 *4.3 *17.9 *19.7 *16.5 *4.3 *8.2 *19.4 *13.5 *26.6 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial ...... *5.4 *21.0 *11.8 *6.4 *16.9 *3.0 *14.3 *19.0 *15.8 *22.6 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 129.5 283.5 208.0 253.2 169.2 125.2 182.7 201.9 168.6 242.9

Back............................. 88.2 174.5 93.4 134.6 *58.1 82.0 123.0 111.8 95.8 131.4 Upper extremities ..................... 10.1 *48.4 44.8 *51.1 *38.9 16.2 36.3 29.3 *14.3 *48.0 Lower extremities ..................... 58.8 133.9 110.2 121.8 100.1 48.5 77.7 100.1 79.5 125.5 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 21.7 *54.5 *34.4 *45.7 *24.2 18.4 *25.9 25.2 *25.5 *25.1 Hernia of abdominal cavity ................ 13.6 *54.1 51.9 *64.9 *40.7 7.9 33.2 64.2 70.0 57.0 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 *26.7 *26.1 *44.7 *10.1 8.8 *16.4 28.5 *25.5 *32.2 Frequent indigestion .................... 25.0 107.9 48.4 *48.9 *48.5 18.5 49.3 34.6 *27.5 *43.4 Enteritis or colitis ...................... *2.6 *19.9 *17.7 *20.7 *15.1 *4.3 *15.7 24.9 *14.5 *37.8 Spastic colon ......................... *4.4 *13.9 *9.8 *21.3 *– *2.7 *5.9 *11.1 *3.3 *20.8 Diverticula of intestines .................. *1.5 *11.4 *26.1 *26.6 *25.6 *– *17.2 38.2 *33.8 *44.0 Frequent constipation.................... 14.4 *32.1 89.3 *63.3 111.1 12.8 *22.3 59.1 49.8 70.6 See notes at end of table.



### 87

### Table 60. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by family income and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid ......... *8.4 *31.0 60.5 *73.4 *49.4 *4.1 49.5 54.5 53.5 55.8 Diabetes............................ *7.0 144.6 134.3 128.7 138.5 13.5 95.8 111.8 111.3 112.1 Anemias............................ 45.6 *20.7 *17.0 *15.4 *18.3 26.4 *26.1 23.5 *27.3 *18.9 Epilepsy ............................ *5.7 *8.2 *7.6 *– *14.2 11.4 *13.8 *7.2 *6.5 *8.1 Migraine headache ..................... 68.2 68.0 *30.5 *27.7 *32.9 43.8 64.0 23.9 *28.0 *18.9 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified ............ *2.7 *10.0 *18.4 *12.8 *23.3 *0.7 *2.3 *9.3 *12.3 *5.6 Kidney trouble ........................ 17.3 *33.8 *31.5 *20.2 *41.2 19.0 38.1 53.4 *37.5 72.8 Bladder disorders ...................... 13.6 *39.5 64.2 *27.7 95.1 14.4 *20.7 42.2 46.8 *36.6 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *15.0 *12.0 *4.8 *17.8 *2.4 *14.5 55.2 50.5 61.0 Disease of female genital organs ............ 26.9 *36.0 *5.9 *5.3 *6.4 20.5 35.4 *6.0 *6.0 *5.9 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease .... *2.7 *26.7 *12.8 *13.3 *12.3 *5.3 *10.4 *20.1 *33.0 *4.0 Heart disease ........................ 50.2 312.0 476.5 463.8 487.0 38.6 161.9 307.4 315.2 298.0

Ischemic heart disease ................. *3.4 104.3 217.4 217.0 218.1 *1.7 78.3 150.0 152.1 147.5 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 39.7 116.5 136.7 133.0 139.9 30.0 42.9 79.2 72.0 87.7

Tachycardia or rapid heart .............. *7.4 57.0 57.3 *61.2 *54.0 *4.9 *12.7 29.8 *20.0 *41.8 Heart murmurs ..................... 28.1 *46.3 *24.8 *28.7 *21.5 21.1 *11.8 *14.1 *9.3 *20.1 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . *4.2 *13.2 54.6 *43.1 *64.5 *3.9 *18.6 35.2 42.8 *25.7 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension ....................... *7.1 91.2 122.4 114.4 128.9 6.9 40.8 78.3 91.0 62.6 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 40.1 373.6 524.7 555.9 497.9 35.3 219.5 351.6 344.7 360.3 Cerebrovascular disease ................. *2.3 77.3 86.8 *74.5 97.4 *1.5 *22.7 70.0 51.0 93.6 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– *17.1 85.1 *61.7 105.2 *– *20.0 49.5 *38.3 63.5 Varicose veins of lower extremities . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 86.5 96.6 89.4 102.9 20.7 80.1 91.1 96.3 84.3 Hemorrhoids ......................... 16.4 83.0 81.1 *76.6 84.6 26.4 84.4 70.6 79.3 59.5 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 62.8 89.4 75.7 *70.7 80.0 40.8 63.8 60.5 67.3 52.0 Asthma ............................ 84.0 80.8 56.8 *47.3 *64.9 59.6 62.6 43.9 41.5 *46.8 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 76.1 100.1 81.9 92.0 73.2 83.7 90.3 61.6 67.3 54.5 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 105.8 182.7 175.3 175.0 175.6 113.3 172.8 175.5 164.3 189.3 Deviated nasal septum ................... *4.2 *6.4 *8.9 *12.8 *5.5 *3.4 *15.7 *10.0 *18.0 *– Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids ......... 24.7 *7.1 *– *– *– 12.6 *3.9 *– *– *– Emphysema ......................... *0.8 *53.4 49.2 *70.7 *31.1 *0.5 *12.3 51.2 68.8 *29.4 See notes at end of table.



### 88

### Table 60. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by family income and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Arthritis ............................ 44.0 257.3 508.7 513.6 498.7 24.1 183.2 415.9 410.7 428.0 Gout, including gouty arthritis ............... *2.2 24.3 54.4 50.1 *62.3 *1.2 16.7 35.4 *31.1 *45.2 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 17.1 50.3 37.7 46.3 *20.9 12.3 43.9 *26.4 *23.9 *32.3 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 18.1 *20.5 *22.5 *16.6 6.9 23.8 *28.9 *31.4 *23.2 Disorders of bone or cartilage .............. *2.4 *5.2 *17.5 *26.5 *– 3.2 7.9 *9.1 *7.8 *11.6 Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 23.9 *20.6 *19.6 *22.7 6.4 19.7 45.8 52.0 *31.6 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 33.8 60.4 66.1 *49.3 11.7 39.7 *30.9 *29.7 *32.9 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 *5.3 *8.2 *7.0 *10.5 6.2 *3.4 *10.9 *12.2 *7.1 Trouble with acne ...................... 28.7 *6.2 *1.5 *2.2 *– 31.6 *4.1 *8.2 *6.9 *10.3 Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 *15.6 *8.8 *10.1 *6.1 8.6 13.5 *11.7 *16.7 *– Dermatitis ........................... 34.3 32.0 40.9 *32.4 *57.5 48.4 31.4 *24.5 *27.2 *18.1 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 23.2 32.7 41.7 47.7 *30.1 20.2 32.9 31.5 *23.9 *49.1 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 21.0 25.3 56.7 60.5 *49.3 14.1 27.1 41.6 *40.6 *43.9 Trouble with corns and calluses ............. 12.4 19.1 49.1 53.3 *41.0 8.6 30.1 *27.4 *15.0 *56.8 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 26.0 47.4 78.9 60.5 114.6 18.2 32.6 80.8 64.2 119.4 Color blindness ....................... 10.4 18.6 *16.6 *25.2 *– 10.1 20.9 *28.9 *34.5 *16.1 Cataracts ........................... *1.6 26.2 166.0 117.8 259.4 2.9 8.4 135.0 103.9 207.2 Glaucoma ........................... *2.6 *9.2 59.6 40.0 97.6 *1.4 11.4 53.0 *29.2 107.8 Hearing impairment ..................... 40.6 129.2 318.6 281.3 391.0 33.5 124.9 273.7 219.8 399.0 Tinnitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 47.4 102.2 108.8 88.9 10.1 41.2 73.4 80.3 *57.5 Speech impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 *15.3 *11.0 *13.9 *5.2 9.7 *4.0 *11.1 *7.8 *18.7 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) ............... *2.7 *16.4 *13.6 *12.6 *15.7 *2.0 *5.6 *28.7 *25.8 *35.5 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial ...... *3.5 19.0 *15.9 *12.1 *23.1 *1.7 *3.3 *15.7 *12.8 *22.6 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 94.0 196.7 164.8 156.7 180.5 98.2 144.9 146.9 126.4 195.0

Back............................. 63.2 124.6 102.1 108.2 90.2 61.5 77.0 74.2 60.9 105.9 Upper extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 27.8 26.0 *13.0 *51.0 10.5 21.8 31.9 *23.3 *51.0 Lower extremities ..................... 32.2 81.1 67.5 57.6 86.7 36.7 58.2 63.5 57.0 *78.8 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 12.3 33.4 39.3 38.0 *41.4 9.5 17.0 *2.7 *3.9 *– Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 35.8 90.3 94.2 83.3 4.3 29.0 58.1 49.7 *78.1 Gastritis or duodenitis ................... 12.0 25.1 43.6 *28.1 73.7 8.8 15.5 *28.7 *31.4 *22.6 Frequent indigestion .................... 25.8 49.1 78.8 72.6 90.7 18.6 29.2 32.6 *30.6 *37.4 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 *9.4 *9.5 *11.0 *6.5 5.3 14.7 *11.1 *15.8 *– Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 *11.4 *19.0 *14.8 *27.0 7.0 12.4 *23.9 *27.8 *14.8 Diverticula of intestines .................. *1.3 19.7 37.4 42.7 *27.0 *1.8 18.3 36.1 *25.0 *61.3 Frequent constipation.................... 10.6 *13.2 28.3 *24.1 *37.1 7.6 8.2 44.1 *19.2 *102.0 See notes at end of table.



### 89

### Table 60. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by family income and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 9.6 26.4 42.0 36.9 *51.4 10.3 33.6 47.2 53.3 *33.6 Diabetes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 57.8 87.5 99.2 *65.0 6.7 47.2 80.2 72.0 *98.8 Anemias............................ 13.4 *12.4 *17.9 *7.2 *38.8 10.9 19.3 *29.3 *25.0 *38.7 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 *3.2 *1.8 *– *5.2 3.5 *3.0 *11.7 *16.7 *– Migraine headache ..................... 47.2 50.3 *20.6 *28.6 *5.2 41.6 50.7 *29.7 *28.1 *17.4 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified ............ *0.9 *– *5.0 *4.9 *5.2 *0.4 *5.2 *5.1 *3.9 *8.4 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 *16.7 *6.7 *4.7 *10.0 8.5 11.4 *8.2 *8.6 *7.7 Bladder disorders ...................... 12.9 *16.3 30.3 *30.6 *29.6 5.5 16.2 35.0 *43.3 *15.5 Diseases of prostate .................... *1.4 *3.5 48.1 37.1 69.7 *2.0 18.5 109.4 99.2 132.3 Disease of female genital organs ............ 19.6 20.0 *7.0 *10.6 *– 20.2 29.4 *6.8 *6.1 *8.4 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 4.8 19.8 29.8 *26.8 *35.7 6.5 9.8 *12.4 *14.4 *7.1 Heart disease ........................ 25.4 198.4 349.1 246.0 548.8 29.3 100.0 308.5 262.0 416.4

Ischemic heart disease ................. *2.9 74.4 186.5 125.0 306.0 2.5 41.9 135.6 132.3 143.3 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 15.2 66.0 89.3 67.0 132.5 21.2 40.7 100.6 70.3 171.1

Tachycardia or rapid heart .............. *3.8 27.1 34.7 *20.5 *62.3 3.6 10.0 40.0 *27.5 *69.1 Heart murmurs ..................... 10.2 31.5 30.9 *25.6 *41.4 15.4 21.7 *21.6 *19.4 *26.5 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . *1.3 *7.5 23.7 *21.1 *28.8 *2.2 9.0 39.0 *23.3 *75.5 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 57.9 73.3 54.0 110.7 5.6 17.4 72.5 59.7 *102.0 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 32.6 239.5 371.9 315.3 481.7 31.8 209.6 326.1 337.6 299.5 Cerebrovascular disease ................. *2.4 25.7 50.4 *30.8 88.5 *0.6 8.2 31.9 *28.9 *38.7 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *– 21.0 43.6 36.9 *56.7 *0.2 7.0 65.9 47.8 107.8 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 17.6 42.6 74.0 71.7 78.5 11.7 45.8 47.6 48.6 *45.2 Hemorrhoids ......................... 30.1 78.5 60.8 58.5 *65.4 27.1 55.5 81.0 80.0 *83.3 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 56.2 70.7 66.2 69.3 *60.2 51.5 62.9 52.6 49.5 *60.0 Asthma ............................ 55.0 50.9 57.4 61.4 *49.7 50.9 49.4 43.1 45.3 *38.1 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 97.4 119.2 85.9 94.9 *68.4 122.1 145.8 100.6 92.5 119.4 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 135.8 197.4 147.8 166.4 111.6 121.3 177.0 125.7 140.9 *90.4 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 *7.3 *11.6 *15.1 *4.8 5.9 17.0 *22.3 *25.3 *14.8 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids ......... 16.1 *5.4 *– *– *– 16.6 *2.4 *– *– *– Emphysema ......................... *1.0 *6.4 43.5 38.2 *53.6 *– *6.2 41.0 *31.4 *63.9 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II, the frequencies of tables 65 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 90

### Table 61. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by geographic region and place of residence: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.5 132.3 152.1 104.7 117.0 114.0 119.0 171.1 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 8.7 12.4 8.9 8.2 8.0 8.3 14.5 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 20.2 22.9 23.6 25.0 21.6 20.2 22.4 28.5 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified ........... 10.6 10.0 11.8 8.8 9.6 9.0 9.9 13.7 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 4.7 6.2 6.1 5.9 6.3 5.7 5.7 Trouble with bunions .................... 12.8 14.5 12.6 10.8 13.4 14.9 12.5 10.1 Bursitis, unclassified .................... 16.3 20.0 23.4 19.6 18.8 18.6 19.0 25.7 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 5.7 3.9 4.6 4.8 4.5 5.1 4.5 Trouble with acne ...................... 16.0 21.6 20.4 22.2 21.7 22.0 21.4 15.0 Psoriasis ........................... 10.6 10.6 9.4 9.2 9.9 8.0 11.2 9.8 Dermatitis ........................... 34.3 36.4 34.1 37.4 35.9 33.7 37.4 33.5 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 24.7 25.8 21.9 23.5 23.9 23.1 24.4 23.2 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 17.9 29.3 25.1 17.6 20.5 20.6 20.5 32.2 Trouble with corns and calluses ............. 17.9 16.0 16.9 16.4 17.5 18.4 16.9 14.2 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 27.1 35.2 36.1 31.6 31.1 34.6 28.9 40.3 Color blindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 13.2 12.4 13.3 11.9 11.1 12.3 13.7 Cataracts ........................... 24.0 23.8 27.6 22.8 23.3 24.7 22.3 31.0 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 10.9 11.4 7.6 10.4 12.8 9.0 8.5 Hearing impairment ..................... 78.9 92.6 87.0 84.7 79.4 80.1 79.0 110.9 Tinnitus ............................ 22.7 26.4 28.4 29.6 25.4 28.6 23.4 33.0 Speech impairment ..................... 12.5 14.6 12.2 9.5 12.8 14.4 11.8 10.2 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 5.0 6.9 4.5 5.0 4.8 5.2 6.8 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 3.7 6.0 6.9 4.2 4.8 6.4 3.8 7.8 Deformity or orthopedic impairment . . . . . . . . . . . 111.6 125.6 113.4 129.8 119.6 121.0 118.6 120.0

Back............................. 70.3 77.2 68.9 81.4 73.5 75.0 72.5 75.8 Upper extremities ..................... 13.0 14.6 15.8 17.7 15.6 15.9 15.4 14.5 Lower extremities ..................... 43.6 50.9 47.4 50.1 47.9 48.5 47.5 49.0 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 10.2 20.2 20.1 15.2 15.2 18.4 13.2 23.9 Hernia of abdominal cavity ................ 14.6 19.9 22.8 13.3 15.9 13.8 17.2 27.5 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 13.1 16.4 11.2 13.0 15.0 11.7 13.7 Frequent indigestion .................... 18.3 28.5 32.6 23.5 26.2 25.6 26.5 29.1 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 9.4 6.9 7.6 7.9 8.4 7.6 7.2 Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 6.6 10.1 5.1 8.5 7.1 9.4 6.1 Diverticula of intestines .................. 10.8 7.1 9.5 5.5 8.0 6.4 9.1 9.2 Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 15.4 18.7 16.0 15.8 16.6 15.3 14.6 See notes at end of table.



### 91

### Table 61. Number of selected reported chronic conditions per 1,000 persons, by geographic region and place of residence: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions per 1,000 persons Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid ......... 19.0 17.9 16.1 17.3 16.5 15.7 17.0 20.5 Diabetes............................ 31.1 30.6 34.3 21.4 26.7 28.1 25.8 41.4 Anemias............................ 20.1 20.2 16.4 16.0 18.3 21.2 16.4 16.9 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 5.6 6.2 4.4 5.1 5.9 4.5 6.5 Migraine headache ..................... 37.4 47.7 43.6 43.4 41.2 37.6 43.6 51.0 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified ............ *1.7 2.5 2.4 *1.9 2.3 2.1 2.4 *1.9 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 13.3 16.2 13.6 11.8 12.6 11.3 19.7 Bladder disorders ...................... 10.7 10.8 17.4 17.2 14.3 14.6 14.1 15.0 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 8.7 11.8 10.5 9.4 10.3 8.8 13.0 Diseases of female genital organs ............ 19.4 23.6 18.4 16.6 19.7 18.1 20.7 18.7 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 6.4 8.6 9.0 6.9 8.2 7.1 8.9 7.1 Heart disease ........................ 80.4 85.9 94.4 77.4 77.2 73.8 79.4 116.8

Ischemic heart disease ................. 30.0 32.5 31.6 28.6 26.4 23.6 28.2 46.7 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 32.1 32.2 39.7 30.8 32.1 31.0 32.8 42.7

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 6.8 14.0 7.4 8.1 6.2 9.3 15.6 Heart murmurs ..................... 17.2 16.5 18.0 16.9 17.2 17.8 16.8 17.4 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 6.4 8.9 7.6 6.5 6.8 7.0 6.7 9.6 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension ....................... 18.3 21.2 23.1 18.0 18.7 19.1 18.4 27.5 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 102.7 112.9 120.5 91.5 102.1 102.6 101.8 132.5 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 12.4 13.1 10.4 10.7 12.5 9.5 14.4 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 9.5 8.6 8.1 8.4 6.6 9.5 9.4 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 25.0 31.8 24.1 32.3 26.5 22.3 29.1 33.3 Hemorrhoids ......................... 30.3 40.6 37.2 33.7 33.5 30.9 35.1 44.6 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 49.6 59.1 51.2 56.5 51.7 49.0 53.4 62.2 Asthma ............................ 59.2 52.2 55.0 59.4 56.5 62.2 52.8 54.6 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 90.2 85.2 106.3 118.3 103.5 108.2 100.5 90.6 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 87.2 156.4 171.8 94.7 127.2 121.2 131.1 160.3 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 4.9 5.8 10.7 8.1 8.6 7.7 6.9 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids . . . . . . . . . 11.9 9.2 12.8 10.7 10.9 9.7 11.6 12.6 Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 10.8 7.3 6.0 6.5 7.5 5.9 12.5 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II, the frequencies of tables 66 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 92

### Table 62. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of chronic condition All ages Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total Under 18 years 18–44 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions in thousands Arthritis ............................ 33,446 5,843 187 5,656 12,045 15,558 8,704 6,854 Gout, including gouty arthritis ............... 2,485 375 – 375 963 1,148 599 549 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 5,994 2,452 17 2,435 2,558 984 672 312 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified ........... 2,717 965 75 890 1,207 545 399 146 Disorders of bone or cartilage .............. 1,520 516 78 438 430 574 306 268 Trouble with bunions .................... 3,296 1,109 78 1,031 1,078 1,109 496 613 Bursitis, unclassified .................... 5,279 1,748 48 1,700 2,119 1,412 927 485 Sebaceous skin cyst .................... 1,239 746 42 704 238 255 181 75 Trouble with acne ...................... 5,250 4,914 2,059 2,856 251 84 68 16 Psoriasis ........................... 2,571 1,261 283 979 859 450 278 171 Dermatitis ........................... 9,192 6,497 2,631 3,867 1,693 1,001 596 405 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 6,166 3,349 846 2,503 1,660 1,156 610 546 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 5,987 2,887 705 2,182 1,556 1,544 869 675 Trouble with corns and calluses ............. 4,356 1,704 59 1,645 1,462 1,191 642 549 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 8,601 3,778 609 3,168 2,273 2,551 1,122 1,428 Color blindness ....................... 3,183 1,663 296 1,367 1,009 511 385 126 Cataracts ........................... 6,473 443 96 347 872 5,158 2,062 3,096 Glaucoma ........................... 2,603 336 22 315 593 1,673 614 1,059 Hearing impairment ..................... 22,400 6,563 1,224 5,339 6,952 8,886 4,282 4,603 Tinnitus ............................ 7,033 1,905 149 1,756 2,334 2,794 1,645 1,149 Speech impairment ..................... 3,179 2,449 1,461 988 451 278 202 76 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) ............... 1,404 459 23 437 392 553 310 243 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial ...... 1,416 494 154 339 457 466 211 254 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 31,068 17,360 1,961 15,400 8,570 5,138 2,812 2,326

Back............................. 19,208 11,290 786 10,504 5,157 2,761 1,641 1,120 Upper extremities ..................... 3,991 1,864 85 1,779 1,284 843 347 496 Lower extremities ..................... 12,490 6,554 1,153 5,401 3,527 2,410 1,213 1,197 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 4,447 2,195 90 2,105 1,272 979 653 326 Hernia of abdominal cavity ................ 4,778 1,207 91 1,116 1,574 1,997 1,154 843 Gastritis or duodenitis ................... 3,410 1,644 193 1,451 888 879 509 370 Frequent indigestion .................... 6,957 3,512 139 3,372 2,060 1,385 778 607 Enteritis or colitis ...................... 2,014 923 68 855 659 432 228 204 Spastic colon ......................... 2,063 936 13 923 633 494 289 205 Diverticula of intestines .................. 2,150 249 – 249 882 1,020 573 446 Frequent constipation.................... 4,040 1,727 348 1,378 619 1,695 592 1,102 See notes at end of table.



### 93

### Table 62. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Type of chronic condition All ages Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total Under 18 years 18–44 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions in thousands Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid ......... 4,509 1,512 14 1,498 1,506 1,491 865 626 Diabetes............................ 7,766 1,443 97 1,346 3,182 3,141 1,855 1,287 Anemias............................ 4,664 3,143 854 2,288 889 633 305 328 Epilepsy ............................ 1,396 983 331 652 236 177 108 69 Migraine headache ..................... 11,256 7,933 1,127 6,807 2,647 675 442 233 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 566 162 – 162 189 215 108 107 Kidney trouble ........................ 3,512 1,949 238 1,712 867 696 268 428 Bladder disorders ...................... 3,747 1,664 311 1,353 852 1,231 660 571 Diseases of prostate .................... 2,641 316 – 316 689 1,636 858 777 Diseases of female genital organs ............ 5,052 3,480 249 3,231 1,332 240 166 73 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease .... 2,066 944 95 849 623 499 340 159 Heart disease ........................ 22,279 5,362 1,265 4,097 6,838 10,080 5,133 4,946

Ischemic heart disease ................. 8,004 451 10 440 2,842 4,711 2,446 2,265 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 8,934 3,774 976 2,798 2,401 2,759 1,359 1,399

Tachycardia or rapid heart .............. 2,529 698 95 603 776 1,055 514 541 Heart murmurs ..................... 4,472 2,676 844 1,832 1,142 654 345 309 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 1,933 400 37 363 483 1,050 501 549 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension ....................... 5,342 1,138 279 859 1,595 2,610 1,328 1,282 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 28,236 5,737 189 5,549 11,206 11,293 6,338 4,955 Cerebrovascular disease ................. 2,978 279 60 219 919 1,780 743 1,037 Hardening of the arteries ................. 2,239 39 – 39 559 1,641 694 947 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 7,260 2,398 – 2,398 2,545 2,317 1,369 948 Hemorrhoids ......................... 9,321 4,280 25 4,255 3,128 1,914 1,126 787 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 14,021 8,920 3,873 5,047 3,223 1,878 1,138 739 Asthma ............................ 14,562 10,435 4,837 5,598 2,561 1,566 956 610 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 26,146 17,575 4,236 13,339 6,089 2,481 1,581 900 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 34,902 21,147 4,562 16,586 9,067 4,687 2,739 1,948 Deviated nasal septum ................... 2,028 993 56 938 674 360 296 64 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids ......... 2,925 2,762 1,615 1,148 150 12 12 – Emphysema ......................... 2,028 117 – 117 497 1,413 859 554 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 1.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 357,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 159,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 94

### Table 63. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by sex and age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Male Female Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions in thousands Arthritis ............................ 2,444 4,304 5,543 3,495 2,048 3,399 7,741 10,015 5,209 4,806 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 772 705 463 243 91 191 442 136 306 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 1,446 1,275 455 343 112 1,006 1,284 529 329 200 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 361 507 203 127 75 603 700 342 272 70 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 90 105 81 23 230 340 470 225 245 Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 279 180 81 99 915 799 929 415 514 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 773 827 496 427 69 976 1,292 915 500 416 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476 128 145 81 64 270 110 111 100 11 Trouble with acne ...................... 2,104 67 42 25 16 2,811 184 42 42 – Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485 491 187 175 12 777 369 262 103 159 Dermatitis ........................... 2,618 531 290 205 85 3,880 1,162 712 391 320 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 1,529 720 522 297 225 1,821 940 634 312 322 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 1,425 781 519 332 187 1,462 775 1,025 537 488 Trouble with corns and calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614 616 256 170 86 1,090 846 934 472 462 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 2,633 1,282 1,184 636 548 1,144 991 1,367 487 880 Color blindness ....................... 1,484 803 366 289 77 179 206 145 96 49 Cataracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 299 1,676 641 1,035 222 572 3,482 1,420 2,061 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 322 621 262 358 159 271 1,053 352 701 Hearing impairment ..................... 3,858 4,671 4,579 2,424 2,155 2,705 2,281 4,307 1,859 2,448 Tinnitus ............................ 1,036 1,470 1,472 958 514 869 864 1,322 687 635 Speech impairment ..................... 1,715 269 177 115 63 735 183 101 87 14 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 340 449 277 172 84 52 104 33 71 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 275 276 248 114 134 219 181 218 97 120 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 8,345 4,057 1,988 1,171 816 9,015 4,513 3,151 1,641 1,510

Back............................. 4,927 2,301 1,077 719 358 6,362 2,856 1,684 922 762 Upper extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,113 717 294 89 205 751 568 549 258 291 Lower extremities ..................... 3,617 1,664 874 536 338 2,937 1,863 1,536 676 859 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 1,012 667 369 220 149 1,183 606 611 434 177 Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695 759 712 444 268 513 815 1,285 710 575 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706 458 203 109 93 938 429 676 399 276 Frequent indigestion .................... 1,825 1,043 610 362 248 1,686 1,017 775 416 360 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 144 63 37 27 596 515 369 192 177 Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 86 104 63 41 754 546 389 226 163 Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 377 303 181 122 107 504 717 392 324 Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 166 402 112 290 1,340 452 1,293 480 813 See notes at end of table.



### 95

### Table 63. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by sex and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Male Female Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions in thousands Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 215 190 284 106 178 1,297 1,316 1,206 759 447 Diabetes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 1,541 1,388 831 557 792 1,641 1,754 1,024 730 Anemias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533 110 148 59 89 2,610 779 485 246 239 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 136 104 45 58 472 100 73 63 10 Migraine headache ..................... 1,962 590 164 139 25 5,972 2,057 511 303 208 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 49 95 36 59 145 140 120 72 48 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 396 300 131 169 1,481 470 396 137 259 Bladder disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 131 288 125 163 1,412 721 943 535 408 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 689 1,636 858 777 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diseases of female genital organs . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... 3,480 1,332 240 166 73 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 256 206 140 101 38 687 417 359 239 121 Heart disease ........................ 2,413 3,944 4,662 2,590 2,072 2,949 2,894 5,418 2,544 2,874

Ischemic heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 1,994 2,480 1,488 992 115 847 2,231 958 1,273 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 1,473 1,018 1,019 517 502 2,300 1,384 1,740 843 897

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 350 354 220 134 427 426 701 294 407 Heart murmurs ..................... 1,028 385 197 124 72 1,648 757 457 221 237 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 174 283 469 173 296 225 201 581 328 253 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604 932 1,162 585 577 534 663 1,448 743 705 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 2,850 5,356 4,132 2,496 1,635 2,887 5,851 7,161 3,841 3,320 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 496 687 321 366 165 423 1,094 422 671 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 340 893 383 510 – 219 748 311 438 Varicose veins of lower extremities . . . . . . . . . . . 329 434 547 264 282 2,069 2,110 1,771 1,105 666 Hemorrhoids ......................... 1,701 1,672 736 414 321 2,579 1,455 1,178 712 466 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 3,892 1,066 666 338 328 5,028 2,156 1,212 801 411 Asthma ............................ 5,097 787 658 319 339 5,338 1,773 908 637 271 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 8,744 2,613 919 646 273 8,831 3,477 1,562 935 627 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 9,094 3,591 1,507 959 549 12,053 5,477 3,180 1,780 1,400 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 353 211 181 30 606 321 149 115 34 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids ......... 1,045 40 – – – 1,717 110 12 12 – Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 250 878 486 392 13 248 535 372 162 NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 1.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 357,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 159,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 96

### Table 64. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by race and age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition White Black Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions in thousands1 Arthritis ............................ 4,852 10,355 13,920 7,798 6,122 723 1,318 1,389 756 633 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 775 971 545 426 75 141 140 54 86 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 2,279 2,335 882 570 312 68 130 61 61 – Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 925 1,112 537 399 138 40 58 8 – 8 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 430 574 306 268 46 – – – – Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881 952 1,068 473 595 210 126 27 22 4 Bursitis, unclassified .................... 1,652 1,699 1,224 796 428 79 343 143 87 56 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 233 236 161 75 57 5 20 20 – Trouble with acne ...................... 4,046 209 84 68 16 547 43 – – – Psoriasis ........................... 1,207 802 405 266 139 30 57 45 12 32 Dermatitis ........................... 5,589 1,478 963 576 387 544 167 25 7 18 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 2,782 1,420 1,060 519 540 364 164 97 91 6 Trouble with ingrown nails ................. 2,579 1,386 1,382 753 629 195 130 144 98 46 Trouble with corns and calluses ............. 1,357 1,204 1,012 521 491 304 232 178 120 58 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 3,004 1,898 2,274 1,054 1,219 595 295 221 68 153 Color blindness ....................... 1,398 869 506 380 126 118 113 5 5 – Cataracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 739 4,590 1,839 2,751 42 86 457 178 280 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 467 1,339 468 871 95 108 321 146 175 Hearing impairment ..................... 5,470 6,305 8,406 4,050 4,357 753 361 411 233 178 Tinnitus ............................ 1,539 2,063 2,657 1,592 1,065 227 161 112 53 58 Speech impairment ..................... 1,765 317 222 167 55 620 108 43 35 8 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 323 441 216 224 45 59 112 93 18 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 363 348 400 178 222 130 57 55 33 21 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 14,789 7,317 4,680 2,605 2,075 1,985 954 309 140 169

Back............................. 9,756 4,559 2,495 1,522 974 1,170 416 189 69 119 Upper extremities ..................... 1,658 1,079 802 343 460 121 113 41 4 37 Lower extremities ..................... 5,331 2,904 2,176 1,126 1,050 972 556 162 70 91 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer .............................. 1,711 981 793 484 308 336 221 145 127 18 Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 988 1,512 1,877 1,052 825 219 62 107 89 18 Gastritis or duodenitis ................... 1,418 856 801 472 330 211 26 67 26 40 Frequent indigestion .................... 3,172 1,873 1,307 718 590 260 126 66 60 6 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776 649 432 228 204 79 9 – – – Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828 610 466 262 205 108 17 10 10 – Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 849 1,004 557 446 – 33 16 16 – Frequent constipation.................... 1,278 493 1,468 504 964 362 89 202 78 125 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 97

### Table 64. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by race and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition White Black Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions in thousands1 Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid ......... 1,315 1,315 1,396 796 600 123 73 55 43 11 Diabetes............................ 1,086 2,314 2,625 1,572 1,053 260 740 406 242 164 Anemias............................ 1,935 710 594 274 320 1,030 150 38 31 8 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 786 193 143 106 36 159 43 34 2 32 Migraine headache ..................... 6,719 2,222 627 415 212 916 298 48 26 22 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 162 191 97 95 20 – 13 – 13 Kidney trouble ........................ 1,716 753 606 264 342 107 75 70 – 70 Bladder disorders ...................... 1,235 765 1,069 630 440 350 64 120 19 101 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 584 1,491 751 739 42 43 82 44 38 Diseases of female genital organs ............ 2,925 1,149 233 166 66 489 102 7 – 7 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 801 516 463 333 130 118 83 6 6 – Heart disease ........................ 4,432 5,977 9,414 4,880 4,534 659 696 507 184 323

Ischemic heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 2,538 4,479 2,352 2,127 73 209 189 94 94 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 3,130 2,091 2,623 1,314 1,309 425 276 131 41 90

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637 689 1,008 499 509 22 87 47 15 32 Heart murmurs ..................... 2,151 983 614 339 275 378 146 40 6 35 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 342 419 1,001 475 525 26 42 44 21 24 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 955 1,348 2,313 1,214 1,099 161 211 187 49 138 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 4,312 8,987 9,842 5,482 4,359 1,205 1,733 1,210 682 528 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 763 1,576 656 920 61 157 177 74 104 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 483 1,554 647 907 – 62 57 17 40 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 2,170 2,247 2,214 1,303 910 120 186 79 40 38 Hemorrhoids ......................... 3,752 2,803 1,836 1,084 752 414 273 67 32 35 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 7,800 3,077 1,691 1,023 667 825 108 123 66 58 Asthma ............................ 8,353 2,258 1,441 878 563 1,495 255 111 65 47 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 14,931 5,424 2,166 1,331 835 1,887 436 215 166 49 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 17,545 7,913 4,390 2,539 1,851 2,989 986 225 155 70 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 917 644 360 296 64 61 30 – – – Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids ......... 2,238 96 12 12 – 342 55 – – – Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 464 1,350 802 548 – 22 38 31 7 1Totals for white and black do not sum to total chronic conditions because other races are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 1.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 357,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 159,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 98

### Table 65. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by family income and age: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions in thousands1 Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810 1,436 2,647 1,053 1,594 799 1,904 3,967 2,109 1,858 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 83 206 53 153 79 76 250 165 85 Intervertebral disc disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 217 160 93 68 419 484 239 156 83 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 95 44 30 11 19 91 157 108 67 41 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 63 119 74 46 115 107 203 73 130 Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 60 202 26 176 119 111 280 132 148 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 274 378 188 190 267 331 226 191 35 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 14 59 48 11 29 53 74 45 28 Trouble with acne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533 25 – – – 569 10 32 32 – Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 69 128 51 76 114 104 103 77 27 Dermatitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 118 175 62 113 658 230 261 168 92 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified . . . . . . 270 128 205 66 139 434 284 254 151 103 Trouble with ingrown nails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 143 347 128 219 579 252 397 216 180 Trouble with corns and calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 122 201 84 117 175 188 274 175 99 Impairments Visual impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 316 375 66 309 585 396 733 261 473 Color blindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 57 30 20 10 147 153 120 46 74 Cataracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 121 989 301 688 71 195 1,442 484 958 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 35 281 74 208 90 89 404 127 277 Hearing impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725 674 1,165 380 784 1,259 1,061 2,434 961 1,472 Tinnitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 271 390 199 192 402 399 916 377 540 Speech impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 84 30 30 – 529 76 99 76 22 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 12 73 37 36 106 46 140 54 86 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 89 59 48 12 37 74 80 137 63 73 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 2,136 796 846 476 370 3,060 1,022 1,459 674 784

Back............................. 1,455 490 380 253 127 2,004 688 808 383 424 Upper extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 136 182 96 85 397 203 212 57 155 Lower extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 970 376 448 229 219 1,187 435 723 318 405 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 153 140 86 53 450 145 182 102 81 Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 152 211 122 89 192 186 464 280 184 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 75 106 84 22 216 92 206 102 104 Frequent indigestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 303 197 92 106 453 276 250 110 140 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 56 72 39 33 106 88 180 58 122 Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 39 40 40 – 67 33 80 13 67 Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 32 106 50 56 – 96 276 135 142 Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 90 363 119 243 312 125 427 199 228 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 99

### Table 65. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by family income and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income Less than $10,000 $10,000–$19,999 Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions in thousands1 Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 138 87 246 138 108 101 277 394 214 180 Diabetes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 406 546 242 303 331 536 808 445 362 Anemias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752 58 69 29 40 646 146 170 109 61 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 23 31 – 31 279 77 52 26 26 Migraine headache ..................... 1,124 191 124 52 72 1,072 358 173 112 61 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 28 75 24 51 17 13 67 49 18 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 95 128 38 90 465 213 386 150 235 Bladder disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 111 261 52 208 353 116 305 187 118 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 42 49 9 39 59 81 399 202 197 Diseases of female genital organs . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 101 24 10 14 502 198 43 24 19 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 44 75 52 25 27 129 58 145 132 13 Heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828 876 1,938 872 1,065 943 906 2,221 1,260 962

Ischemic heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 293 884 408 477 42 438 1,084 608 476 Heart rhythm disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 327 556 250 306 733 240 572 288 283

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 160 233 115 118 120 71 215 80 135 Heart murmurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 130 101 54 47 517 66 102 37 65 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 70 37 222 81 141 96 104 254 171 83 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 256 498 215 282 169 228 566 364 202 High blood pressure (hypertension) . . . . . . . . . . . 661 1,049 2,134 1,045 1,089 864 1,228 2,541 1,378 1,163 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 217 353 140 213 36 127 506 204 302 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 48 346 116 230 – 112 358 153 205 Varicose veins of lower extremities . . . . . . . . . . . 193 243 393 168 225 507 448 658 385 272 Hemorrhoids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 233 330 144 185 646 472 510 317 192 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 1,035 251 308 133 175 997 357 437 269 168 Asthma ............................ 1,385 227 231 89 142 1,457 350 317 166 151 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 1,255 281 333 173 160 2,047 505 445 269 176 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 1,745 513 713 329 384 2,770 967 1,268 657 611 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 18 36 24 12 83 88 72 72 – Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids . . . . . . . . . 407 20 – – – 307 22 – – – Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 150 200 133 68 12 69 370 275 95 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 100

### Table 65. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by family income and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions in thousands1 Arthritis ............................ 1,671 2,434 3,429 2,284 1,144 1,727 4,287 2,141 1,478 663 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 230 367 223 143 83 390 182 112 70 Intervertebral disc disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648 476 254 206 48 880 1,027 136 86 50 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 202 171 138 100 38 495 558 149 113 36 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 49 118 118 – 231 184 47 28 18 Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 226 139 87 52 458 460 236 187 49 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 320 407 294 113 839 929 159 107 51 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 50 55 31 24 448 79 56 44 11 Trouble with acne ...................... 1,088 59 10 10 – 2,264 97 42 25 16 Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 148 59 45 14 619 315 60 60 – Dermatitis ........................... 1,304 303 276 144 132 3,476 734 126 98 28 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified . . . . . . 879 309 281 212 69 1,450 770 162 86 76 Trouble with ingrown nails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796 239 382 269 113 1,015 635 214 146 68 Trouble with corns and calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472 181 331 237 94 615 705 141 54 88 Impairments Visual impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986 448 532 269 263 1,308 764 416 231 185 Color blindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 176 112 112 – 722 488 149 124 25 Cataracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 248 1,119 524 595 208 196 695 374 321 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 87 402 178 224 97 266 273 105 167 Hearing impairment ..................... 1,543 1,222 2,148 1,251 897 2,404 2,924 1,409 791 618 Tinnitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 448 689 484 204 727 965 378 289 89 Speech impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 145 74 62 12 694 93 57 28 29 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 155 92 56 36 143 130 148 93 55 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 134 180 107 54 53 121 77 81 46 35 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 3,570 1,861 1,111 697 414 7,043 3,390 756 455 302

Back............................. 2,401 1,179 688 481 207 4,410 1,801 382 219 164 Upper extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 263 175 58 117 753 510 164 84 79 Lower extremities ..................... 1,221 767 455 256 199 2,631 1,361 327 205 122 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468 316 265 169 95 682 398 14 14 – Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 339 609 419 191 306 679 299 179 121 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 237 294 125 169 632 363 148 113 35 Frequent indigestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 980 465 531 323 208 1,332 684 168 110 58 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 89 64 49 15 378 345 57 57 – Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 108 128 66 62 501 290 123 100 23 Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 186 252 190 62 126 429 186 90 95 Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 125 191 107 85 545 193 227 69 158 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 101

### Table 65. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by family income and age: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Family income $20,000–$34,999 $35,000 or more Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Under 45 years 45–64 years 65 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Total 65–74 years 75 years and over Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions in thousands1 Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 365 250 283 164 118 742 786 243 192 52 Diabetes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 547 590 441 149 483 1,104 413 259 153 Anemias. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 117 121 32 89 782 451 151 90 60 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 30 12 – 12 249 71 60 60 – Migraine headache ..................... 1,791 476 139 127 12 2,986 1,187 127 101 27 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 – 34 22 12 29 122 26 14 13 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 158 45 21 23 613 267 42 31 12 Bladder disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 154 204 136 68 397 378 180 156 24 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 33 324 165 160 144 433 563 357 205 Diseases of female genital organs . . . . . . . . . . . . 746 189 47 47 – 1,447 689 35 22 13 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 182 187 201 119 82 463 230 64 52 11 Heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 964 1,877 2,353 1,094 1,259 2,101 2,341 1,588 943 645

Ischemic heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 704 1,257 556 702 181 981 698 476 222 Heart rhythm disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579 624 602 298 304 1,520 952 518 253 265

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 256 234 91 143 261 234 206 99 107 Heart murmurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 298 208 114 95 1,104 507 111 70 41 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 48 71 160 94 66 156 210 201 84 117 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 548 494 240 254 400 408 373 215 158 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 1,239 2,266 2,507 1,402 1,105 2,283 4,905 1,679 1,215 464 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 243 340 137 203 46 193 164 104 60 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 199 294 164 130 12 164 339 172 167 Varicose veins of lower extremities . . . . . . . . . . . 669 403 499 319 180 836 1,072 245 175 70 Hemorrhoids ......................... 1,142 743 410 260 150 1,941 1,298 417 288 129 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 2,135 669 446 308 138 3,696 1,471 271 178 93 Asthma ............................ 2,088 482 387 273 114 3,649 1,155 222 163 59 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 3,697 1,128 579 422 157 8,762 3,411 518 333 185 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 5,155 1,868 996 740 256 8,704 4,142 647 507 140 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 69 78 67 11 425 399 115 91 23 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids . . . . . . . . . 611 51 – – – 1,193 57 – – – Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 61 293 170 123 – 144 211 113 99 1Totals for income categories do not sum to total chronic conditions because persons with unknown family income are not included. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 1.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 357,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 159,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 102

### Table 66. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by geographic region and place of residence: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Selected skin and musculoskeletal conditions Number of chronic conditions in thousands Arthritis ............................ 5,642 8,366 13,397 6,042 23,767 9,064 14,703 9,679 Gout, including gouty arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 548 1,092 514 1,666 640 1,026 819 Intervertebral disc disorders ................ 1,024 1,451 2,078 1,442 4,384 1,610 2,774 1,610 Bone spur or tendinitis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . 537 634 1,041 505 1,941 714 1,228 775 Disorders of bone or cartilage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 297 548 354 1,198 498 701 322 Trouble with bunions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 915 1,113 622 2,726 1,184 1,541 570 Bursitis, unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823 1,265 2,057 1,133 3,823 1,477 2,345 1,456 Sebaceous skin cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 360 343 264 982 354 628 257 Trouble with acne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810 1,363 1,793 1,283 4,399 1,752 2,648 850 Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 671 832 530 2,013 635 1,379 557 Dermatitis ........................... 1,734 2,299 3,001 2,158 7,298 2,677 4,621 1,894 Trouble with dry (itching) skin, unclassified ...... 1,250 1,630 1,932 1,353 4,853 1,838 3,015 1,313 Trouble with ingrown nails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906 1,851 2,214 1,016 4,167 1,639 2,528 1,820 Trouble with corns and calluses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907 1,009 1,492 949 3,555 1,462 2,093 801 Impairments Visual impairment ...................... 1,372 2,228 3,180 1,821 6,324 2,752 3,571 2,278 Color blindness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 833 1,089 767 2,407 884 1,523 776 Cataracts ........................... 1,213 1,507 2,434 1,318 4,722 1,965 2,757 1,751 Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475 687 1,004 436 2,122 1,014 1,107 481 Hearing impairment ..................... 3,994 5,853 7,666 4,887 16,127 6,369 9,758 6,274 Tinnitus ............................ 1,150 1,672 2,504 1,707 5,163 2,276 2,887 1,869 Speech impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632 921 1,078 548 2,602 1,145 1,457 577 Absence of extremities (excludes tips of fingers or toes only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 319 611 259 1,019 381 638 385 Paralysis of extremities, complete or partial . . . . . . 185 378 612 242 975 508 467 442 Deformity or orthopedic impairment ........... 5,649 7,945 9,985 7,489 24,280 9,624 14,656 6,788

Back............................. 3,559 4,885 6,067 4,697 14,923 5,966 8,958 4,285 Upper extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660 924 1,388 1,021 3,170 1,264 1,906 822 Lower extremities ..................... 2,209 3,221 4,172 2,888 9,720 3,855 5,865 2,770 Selected digestive conditions Ulcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516 1,279 1,774 878 3,095 1,462 1,633 1,352 Hernia of abdominal cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741 1,258 2,010 769 3,222 1,099 2,123 1,557 Gastritis or duodenitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487 831 1,446 646 2,635 1,193 1,442 775 Frequent indigestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 927 1,800 2,876 1,354 5,313 2,036 3,277 1,644 Enteritis or colitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 593 610 436 1,604 665 939 410 Spastic colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 415 893 292 1,719 562 1,157 343 Diverticula of intestines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547 448 838 318 1,632 512 1,120 519 Frequent constipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 972 1,644 924 3,216 1,322 1,894 824 See notes at end of table.



### 103

### Table 66. Number of selected reported chronic conditions, by geographic region and place of residence: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Type of chronic condition Place of residence Geographic region MSA 1 Northeast Midwest South West All MSA 1 Central city Not central

city Not MSA 1 Selected conditions of the genitourinary, nervous, endocrine, metabolic, and blood and blood-forming systems Number of chronic conditions in thousands Goiter or other disorders of the thyroid . . . . . . . . . 961 1,132 1,419 997 3,347 1,252 2,096 1,162 Diabetes............................ 1,573 1,937 3,022 1,234 5,427 2,237 3,190 2,339 Anemias............................ 1,015 1,277 1,447 926 3,710 1,684 2,027 954 Epilepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 354 542 254 1,027 470 557 369 Migraine headache ..................... 1,891 3,017 3,842 2,505 8,372 2,990 5,382 2,883 Neuralgia or neuritis, unspecified . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 160 214 107 459 165 294 107 Kidney trouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 840 1,425 783 2,397 1,000 1,397 1,115 Bladder disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542 683 1,529 992 2,900 1,163 1,737 847 Diseases of prostate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 549 1,041 608 1,908 822 1,085 733 Diseases of female genital organs . . . . . . . . . . . . 983 1,490 1,620 959 3,994 1,440 2,554 1,058 Selected circulatory conditions Rheumatic fever with or without heart disease . . . . 326 547 792 400 1,664 562 1,102 402 Heart disease ........................ 4,069 5,432 8,315 4,463 15,673 5,864 9,810 6,606

Ischemic heart disease ................. 1,518 2,054 2,783 1,648 5,364 1,879 3,485 2,640 Heart rhythm disorders ................. 1,624 2,037 3,496 1,776 6,521 2,468 4,053 2,413

Tachycardia or rapid heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 432 1,236 428 1,644 494 1,150 885 Heart murmurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869 1,041 1,587 975 3,489 1,416 2,072 984 Other and unspecified heart rhythm disorders . . 323 563 673 373 1,388 557 831 544 Other selected diseases of heart, excluding

hypertension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 927 1,341 2,036 1,038 3,789 1,517 2,271 1,553 High blood pressure (hypertension) ........... 5,199 7,139 10,618 5,281 20,741 8,155 12,585 7,495 Cerebrovascular disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 784 1,153 601 2,163 993 1,170 815 Hardening of the arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 599 761 467 1,705 528 1,177 534 Varicose veins of lower extremities ........... 1,265 2,012 2,119 1,864 5,378 1,777 3,601 1,882 Hemorrhoids ......................... 1,531 2,566 3,280 1,944 6,801 2,459 4,342 2,520 Selected respiratory conditions Chronic bronchitis ...................... 2,511 3,737 4,514 3,259 10,501 3,899 6,602 3,520 Asthma ............................ 2,995 3,300 4,842 3,426 11,476 4,949 6,527 3,086 Hay fever or allergic rhinitis without asthma ...... 4,567 5,390 9,365 6,824 21,024 8,606 12,418 5,122 Chronic sinusitis ....................... 4,415 9,893 15,132 5,462 25,835 9,636 16,200 9,067 Deviated nasal septum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591 307 514 616 1,638 682 956 390 Chronic disease of tonsils or adenoids . . . . . . . . . 604 579 1,124 618 2,210 773 1,437 715 Emphysema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 681 646 345 1,323 598 725 705 1MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set V of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 1.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 357,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 159,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 104

### Table 67. Percent distribution of persons by degree of activity limitation due to chronic conditions, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Degree of activity limitation

All persons With no activity limitation With activity limitation With limitation in major activity Unable to carry on major activity Limited in amount

or kind of major activity Limited, but not in major activity Percent distribution All persons1

......................... 100.0 85.0 15.0 10.3 4.6 5.7 4.7 Age Under 18 years ....................... 100.0 93.3 6.7 4.9 0.7 4.2 1.8 18–44 years ......................... 100.0 89.7 10.3 7.1 3.2 3.9 3.1 45–64 years ......................... 100.0 77.4 22.6 17.1 9.2 7.9 5.5 65 years and over...................... 100.0 61.8 38.2 22.6 10.7 11.9 15.6

65–69 years ........................ 100.0 63.3 36.7 29.3 16.7 12.6 7.3 70 years and over .................... 100.0 61.1 38.9 19.5 8.1 11.5 19.3 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 100.0 85.6 14.4 10.1 4.8 5.3 4.3

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 92.1 7.9 6.0 0.8 5.2 1.9 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 89.8 10.2 7.4 3.7 3.7 2.8 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 78.7 21.3 16.8 9.9 6.9 4.6 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 62.3 37.7 32.4 20.9 11.6 5.3 70 years and over .................... 100.0 63.5 36.5 14.5 6.5 7.9 22.0 Female: All ages ............................ 100.0 84.3 15.7 10.5 4.4 6.1 5.2

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 94.4 5.6 3.8 0.7 3.2 1.7 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 89.7 10.3 6.9 2.8 4.1 3.5 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 76.1 23.9 17.4 8.6 8.8 6.4 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 64.2 35.8 26.8 13.3 13.5 9.0 70 years and over .................... 100.0 59.5 40.5 22.9 9.1 13.9 17.5 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 100.0 84.9 15.1 10.2 4.4 5.8 4.9

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 93.6 6.4 4.7 0.7 4.0 1.7 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 89.8 10.2 6.9 2.9 4.0 3.3 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 78.1 21.9 16.3 8.5 7.8 5.6 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 64.5 35.5 28.4 15.7 12.7 7.2 70 years and over .................... 100.0 61.6 38.4 18.9 7.8 11.1 19.5 Black: All ages ............................ 100.0 83.7 16.3 12.5 6.3 6.2 3.8

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 91.2 8.8 6.7 1.0 5.7 2.1 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 88.5 11.5 9.0 5.2 3.8 2.5 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 69.3 30.7 25.3 15.8 9.5 5.3 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 50.5 49.5 40.4 27.6 12.7 9.1 70 years and over .................... 100.0 53.4 46.6 27.8 11.5 16.2 18.8 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 105

### Table 67. Percent distribution of persons by degree of activity limitation due to chronic conditions according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Degree of activity limitation

All persons With no activity limitation With activity limitation With limitation in major activity Unable to carry on major activity Limited in amount

or kind of major activity Limited, but not in major activity Family income and age Under $10,000: Percent distribution All ages ............................ 100.0 72.0 28.0 21.1 11.2 9.9 6.9

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 88.9 11.1 8.8 1.6 7.3 2.2 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 79.2 20.8 15.9 9.1 6.8 4.9 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 40.5 59.5 52.7 37.4 15.3 6.8 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 43.4 56.6 46.1 31.1 15.0 10.4 70 years and over .................... 100.0 49.0 51.1 28.6 10.1 18.5 22.5 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 100.0 78.9 21.1 15.0 7.3 7.7 6.2

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 91.6 8.4 6.7 1.0 5.7 1.7 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 85.9 14.1 10.8 5.5 5.3 3.2 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 63.0 37.0 30.9 18.8 12.1 6.1 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 57.4 42.6 35.3 21.2 14.1 7.3 70 years and over .................... 100.0 59.9 40.0 17.8 6.9 10.9 22.3 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ............................ 100.0 85.2 14.8 10.1 4.1 6.0 4.7

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 93.5 6.5 4.7 0.6 4.1 1.8 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 90.0 10.0 6.8 2.5 4.3 3.2 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 75.0 25.0 19.0 9.0 10.0 6.0 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 64.7 35.2 28.8 15.4 13.3 6.5 70 years and over .................... 100.0 65.1 34.9 15.8 7.0 8.8 19.1 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 100.0 90.6 9.4 5.8 1.9 3.9 3.6

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 94.7 5.3 3.5 0.4 3.1 1.8 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 92.8 7.2 4.2 1.3 2.9 3.0 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 85.9 14.1 8.9 3.3 5.6 5.2 65–69 years ........................ 100.0 73.4 26.6 19.8 8.9 11.0 6.8 70 years and over .................... 100.0 67.3 32.7 16.1 7.1 9.0 16.6 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 100.0 85.7 14.3 10.0 4.3 5.6 4.3 Midwest ............................ 100.0 85.4 14.6 9.9 3.9 6.0 4.6 South ............................. 100.0 83.9 16.1 11.3 5.3 6.0 4.8 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 85.3 14.7 9.6 4.6 5.0 5.0 Place of residence MSA2

............................. 100.0 85.7 14.3 9.9 4.4 5.5 4.5

Central city......................... 100.0 84.2 15.8 11.3 5.4 5.9 4.5 Not central city ...................... 100.0 86.6 13.4 8.9 3.8 5.2 4.5 Not MSA2

........................... 100.0 82.4 17.6 12.0 5.4 6.6 5.6 1Includes other races and unknown family income. 2MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 68, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 68, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I.



### 106

### Table 68. Number of persons by degree of activity limitation due to chronic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Degree of activity limitation

All persons With no activity limitation With activity limitation With limitation in major activity Unable to carry on major activity Limited in amount

or kind of major activity Limited, but not in major activity Number in thousands All persons1

......................... 259,634 220,575 39,059 26,796 11,993 14,803 12,262 Age Under 18 years ....................... 70,025 65,314 4,711 3,448 519 2,929 1,263 18–44 years ......................... 108,178 97,084 11,094 7,708 3,488 4,220 3,386 45–64 years ......................... 50,405 38,998 11,407 8,628 4,652 3,976 2,779 65 years and over...................... 31,026 19,179 11,847 7,013 3,335 3,678 4,834

65–69 years ........................ 9,685 6,134 3,551 2,842 1,617 1,225 710 70 years and over .................... 21,340 13,045 8,295 4,171 1,718 2,453 4,124 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 126,494 108,288 18,206 12,811 6,106 6,705 5,395

Under 18 years ...................... 35,832 33,019 2,813 2,133 287 1,846 680 18–44 years ........................ 53,387 47,957 5,430 3,945 1,949 1,996 1,485 45–64 years ........................ 24,344 19,155 5,189 4,081 2,402 1,679 1,108 65–69 years ........................ 4,354 2,712 1,643 1,411 908 503 232 70 years and over .................... 8,577 5,445 3,132 1,242 561 681 1,890 Female: All ages ............................ 133,139 112,287 20,853 13,985 5,887 8,098 6,868

Under 18 years ...................... 34,194 32,295 1,898 1,315 232 1,083 583 18–44 years ........................ 54,791 49,127 5,664 3,763 1,539 2,224 1,902 45–64 years ........................ 26,061 19,843 6,218 4,547 2,250 2,296 1,671 65–69 years ........................ 5,331 3,422 1,909 1,431 709 722 478 70 years and over .................... 12,763 7,599 5,163 2,929 1,157 1,773 2,234 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 214,496 182,092 32,404 21,793 9,437 12,357 10,611

Under 18 years ...................... 55,239 51,678 3,561 2,595 388 2,207 966 18–44 years ........................ 88,326 79,353 8,973 6,086 2,532 3,554 2,887 45–64 years ........................ 43,182 33,717 9,465 7,053 3,681 3,372 2,411 65–69 years ........................ 8,562 5,522 3,041 2,428 1,344 1,085 613 70 years and over .................... 19,187 11,823 7,364 3,631 1,492 2,139 3,733 Black: All ages ............................ 33,035 27,639 5,396 4,135 2,089 2,046 1,261

Under 18 years ...................... 11,300 10,303 996 755 113 643 241 18–44 years ........................ 14,082 12,456 1,626 1,273 739 534 353 45–64 years ........................ 5,129 3,555 1,573 1,300 811 489 273 65–69 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842 425 417 340 232 107 77 70 years and over .................... 1,682 899 783 467 194 272 317 See footnote and notes at end of table.



### 107

### Table 68. Number of persons by degree of activity limitation due to chronic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Degree of activity limitation

All persons With no activity limitation With activity limitation With limitation in major activity Unable to carry on major activity Limited in amount

or kind of major activity Limited, but not in major activity Family income and age Under $10,000: Number in thousands All ages ............................ 23,363 16,818 6,544 4,924 2,618 2,306 1,620

Under 18 years ...................... 7,030 6,250 779 622 112 511 157 18–44 years ........................ 9,458 7,490 1,968 1,502 859 643 467 45–64 years ........................ 2,808 1,138 1,671 1,479 1,049 431 191 65–69 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900 391 509 415 280 135 94 70 years and over .................... 3,166 1,550 1,617 905 319 587 712 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 37,271 29,393 7,877 5,573 2,717 2,856 2,304

Under 18 years ...................... 10,103 9,253 850 674 103 571 176 18–44 years ........................ 14,347 12,331 2,016 1,552 794 758 464 45–64 years ........................ 5,595 3,526 2,069 1,729 1,051 678 340 65–69 years ........................ 1,897 1,089 808 670 403 267 138 70 years and over .................... 5,330 3,195 2,134 949 367 582 1,186 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ............................ 54,171 46,164 8,007 5,465 2,216 3,249 2,542

Under 18 years ...................... 14,454 13,519 936 682 88 594 254 18–44 years ........................ 23,514 21,167 2,347 1,603 596 1,007 744 45–64 years ........................ 9,461 7,096 2,365 1,800 855 945 566 65–69 years ........................ 2,438 1,578 859 701 376 325 158 70 years and over .................... 4,304 2,804 1,500 679 300 379 820 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 100,302 90,854 9,448 5,806 1,872 3,934 3,642

Under 18 years ...................... 28,046 26,569 1,477 978 121 857 500 18–44 years ........................ 43,705 40,575 3,130 1,840 584 1,256 1,290 45–64 years ........................ 23,402 20,114 3,288 2,081 765 1,316 1,206 65–69 years ........................ 2,145 1,574 570 425 190 235 146 70 years and over .................... 3,004 2,021 982 483 212 271 500 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 50,610 43,392 7,218 5,041 2,199 2,841 2,177 Midwest ............................ 63,238 54,028 9,210 6,289 2,475 3,815 2,921 South ............................. 88,088 73,914 14,174 9,918 4,657 5,261 4,256 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,697 49,241 8,457 5,548 2,662 2,886 2,909 Place of residence MSA2

............................. 203,079 173,959 29,120 20,014 8,930 11,084 9,106

Central city......................... 79,510 66,925 12,585 8,988 4,276 4,712 3,597 Not central city ...................... 123,570 107,035 16,535 11,026 4,654 6,372 5,510 Not MSA2

........................... 56,554 46,616 9,938 6,782 3,063 3,719 3,156 1Includes other races and unknown family income. 2MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set X of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 384,000 has a 10-percent RSE; of 96,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 43,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 108

### Table 69. Number of days per person per year and number of days of activity restriction due to acute and chronic conditions, by type of restriction and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Type of restriction All types Bed disability Work or school loss 1 All types Bed disability Work or school loss 1 Number of days per person Number of days in thousands All persons2

......................... 16.0 6.2 5.0 4,142,587 1,602,711 866,929 Age Under 5 years ........................ 10.0 4.5 . . . 204,255 91,483 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 3.4 4.5 426,347 168,898 224,814 18 years and over...................... 18.5 7.1 5.2 3,511,985 1,342,330 642,115

18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 3.9 4.1 243,520 97,692 68,808 25–44 years ........................ 13.5 4.8 5.0 1,122,933 395,735 333,629 45–64 years ........................ 21.3 8.0 6.2 1,073,017 400,900 216,709 65 years and over .................... 34.6 14.4 5.9 1,072,514 448,003 22,969 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 13.6 4.9 4.5 1,722,895 623,041 414,529

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 4.3 . . . 100,559 45,451 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 3.0 4.1 203,309 77,095 104,015 18 years and over .................... 15.7 5.5 4.6 1,419,028 500,495 310,514

18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 3.1 3.7 102,631 38,997 33,266 25–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 3.6 4.2 463,929 147,373 153,056 45–64 years ...................... 18.6 6.5 5.8 453,362 157,284 110,889 65 years and over ................... 30.9 12.1 6.0 399,105 156,840 13,303 Female: All ages ............................ 18.2 7.4 5.6 2,419,692 979,670 452,400

Under 5 years ....................... 10.4 4.6 . . . 103,696 46,032 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 3.8 5.0 223,039 91,804 120,799 18 years and over .................... 21.2 8.5 5.9 2,092,957 841,834 331,601

18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 4.6 4.5 140,889 58,695 35,542 25–44 years ...................... 15.7 5.9 5.9 659,004 248,362 180,573 45–64 years ...................... 23.8 9.3 6.6 619,655 243,615 105,820 65 years and over ................... 37.2 16.1 5.7 673,409 291,163 9,666 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 15.7 5.9 4.9 3,375,104 1,263,995 704,814

Under 5 years ....................... 10.6 4.5 . . . 169,618 72,309 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 3.5 4.6 351,049 138,365 180,675 18 years and over .................... 17.9 6.6 5.0 2,854,437 1,053,321 524,139

18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 3.7 3.9 193,065 73,836 54,701 25–44 years ...................... 13.0 4.4 4.8 885,370 300,897 270,300 45–64 years ...................... 19.9 7.2 5.9 859,304 309,465 177,900 65 years and over ................... 33.0 13.3 5.9 916,698 369,123 21,238 Black: All ages ............................ 18.4 8.4 6.0 607,636 276,958 127,918

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 4.7 . . . 27,347 15,793 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 3.0 4.5 59,105 23,643 35,944 18 years and over .................... 24.0 10.9 6.9 521,184 237,522 91,974

18–24 years ...................... 10.9 5.4 5.9 40,079 19,685 11,548 25–44 years ...................... 17.1 7.2 6.0 178,310 75,277 47,117 45–64 years ...................... 33.9 14.8 9.9 173,903 76,144 32,273 65 years and over ................... 51.1 26.3 *4.0 128,892 66,416 1,037 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 109

### Table 69. Number of days per person per year and number of days of activity restriction due to acute and chronic conditions, by type of restriction and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Type of restriction All types Bed disability Work or school loss 1 All types Bed disability Work or school loss 1 Family income and age Less than $10,000: Number of days per person Number of days in thousands All ages ............................ 29.1 12.0 7.1 680,864 279,494 70,944

Under 5 years ....................... 10.0 4.3 . . . 24,557 10,508 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 4.5 6.4 51,974 20,687 29,336 18 years and over .................... 37.0 15.2 7.7 604,333 248,299 41,608

18–24 years ...................... 13.6 5.2 5.4 58,043 22,216 11,055 25–44 years ...................... 29.8 12.7 8.8 155,231 66,075 19,918 45–64 years ...................... 68.9 28.7 11.8 193,508 80,718 9,852 65 years and over ................... 48.6 19.5 *3.5 197,550 79,289 784 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 21.5 8.4 6.8 801,490 311,908 140,512

Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 5.2 . . . 29,477 16,806 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 3.4 5.1 64,404 23,095 34,787 18 years and over .................... 26.0 10.0 7.7 707,610 272,006 105,725

18–24 years ...................... 12.2 4.8 6.2 52,986 20,661 17,544 25–44 years ...................... 20.0 6.9 7.7 200,212 69,321 55,475 45–64 years ...................... 34.6 13.8 9.1 193,338 77,074 26,859 65 years and over ................... 36.1 14.5 7.7 261,073 104,950 5,848 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ............................ 15.2 5.5 5.4 824,682 300,618 199,565

Under 5 years ....................... 10.0 4.3 . . . 44,212 18,912 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 3.7 4.4 88,719 36,949 44,507 18 years and over .................... 17.4 6.2 5.8 691,751 244,757 155,058

18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 4.0 4.2 47,261 19,546 15,652 25–44 years ...................... 13.7 4.5 5.6 255,436 82,884 87,546 45–64 years ...................... 20.3 7.0 7.2 192,049 66,463 45,595 65 years and over ................... 29.2 11.3 6.7 197,005 75,865 6,265 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 10.5 3.8 4.3 1,050,754 381,081 337,143

Under 5 years ....................... 10.0 3.7 . . . 73,682 27,210 . . . 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 3.0 4.0 164,277 62,858 83,254 18 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 4.0 4.4 812,796 291,012 253,890

18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 3.2 2.6 48,358 23,571 14,540 25–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 3.1 4.1 341,338 111,698 132,128 45–64 years ...................... 12.9 4.4 5.3 301,160 101,888 100,505 65 years and over ................... 23.7 10.5 5.8 121,940 53,856 6,717 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 15.9 5.9 5.0 803,445 296,801 162,866 Midwest ............................ 13.9 5.3 4.8 879,302 337,799 208,257 South ............................. 16.4 6.8 4.9 1,442,558 599,846 287,205 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.6 6.4 5.5 1,017,282 368,263 208,601 Place of residence MSA3

............................. 15.7 6.2 5.0 3,186,720 1,253,548 682,974

Central city......................... 16.8 6.8 5.3 1,332,647 544,507 269,235 Not central city ...................... 15.0 5.7 4.9 1,854,074 709,042 413,739 Not MSA3

........................... 16.9 6.2 5.0 955,866 349,163 183,955 1Sum of school-loss days for children 5–17 years of age and work-loss days for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over. School-loss days are shown for the age group 5–17 years; work-loss days are shown for the age group 18 years and over and each older age group. 2Includes other races and unknown family income. 3MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age for columns 1 and 2 can be computed by using parameter set II of table II, the frequencies of table 69, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for columns 1 and 2 can be computed by using parameter sets II and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 69 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for column 3 (workloss) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 69 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for age, sex and age, and race and age for column 3 (school loss) can be computed by using parameter set III of table II, the frequencies of table 69, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for column 3 (school loss) can be computed by using parameter sets III and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 69 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 4 and 5 can be computed by using parameter set II of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for column 6 can be computed by using parameter set III of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. For restricted-activity and bed days, an estimate of 55.4 million has an RSE of 10 percent; 13.4 million, of 20 percent; and 6.0 million, of 30 percent. For work- or school-loss days, an estimate of 37.6 million has an RSE of 10 percent; 9.3 million, of 20 percent; and 4.2 million, of 30 percent. Rates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk. 

### 110

### Table 70. Number of persons and percent distribution by respondent-assessed health status, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Respondent-assessed health status All persons 1 All health statuses 2 Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor Number in thousands Percent distribution All persons3

......................... 259,634 100.0 37.9 28.5 23.4 7.3 2.9 Age Under 5 years ........................ 20,480 100.0 53.4 27.3 16.4 2.5 0.4 5–17 years .......................... 49,545 100.0 51.2 27.3 18.4 2.6 0.4 18–24 years ......................... 25,285 100.0 43.0 31.5 21.1 3.7 0.6 25–44 years ......................... 82,893 100.0 38.8 31.1 22.6 5.7 1.8 45–64 years ......................... 50,405 100.0 28.4 27.7 27.3 11.4 5.2 65 years and over...................... 31,026 100.0 15.7 23.0 33.4 18.4 9.6 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 126,494 100.0 40.8 28.3 21.7 6.4 2.7

Under 5 years ....................... 10,471 100.0 52.8 28.1 15.8 2.8 0.4 5–17 years ......................... 25,360 100.0 52.1 27.1 17.9 2.5 0.5 18–24 years ........................ 12,571 100.0 47.6 30.4 18.9 2.8 0.3 25–44 years ........................ 40,816 100.0 42.3 30.5 20.7 4.8 1.7 45–64 years ........................ 24,344 100.0 30.9 28.1 25.6 10.3 5.0 65 years and over .................... 12,932 100.0 16.7 22.6 32.2 18.3 10.2 Female: All ages ............................ 133,139 100.0 35.2 28.7 25.0 8.1 3.0

Under 5 years ....................... 10,009 100.0 54.0 26.5 16.9 2.3 *0.3 5–17 years ......................... 24,185 100.0 50.3 27.5 19.0 2.8 0.4 18–24 years ........................ 12,714 100.0 38.4 32.6 23.4 4.6 1.0 25–44 years ........................ 42,076 100.0 35.5 31.7 24.5 6.5 1.8 45–64 years ........................ 26,061 100.0 26.0 27.4 28.9 12.4 5.3 65 years and over .................... 18,094 100.0 14.9 23.3 34.2 18.4 9.1 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 214,496 100.0 39.0 29.0 22.5 6.8 2.7

Under 5 years ....................... 16,074 100.0 55.0 27.6 14.9 2.2 0.3 5–17 years ......................... 39,165 100.0 53.4 27.6 16.4 2.3 0.4 18–24 years ........................ 20,051 100.0 44.6 31.9 19.7 3.3 0.5 25–44 years ........................ 68,275 100.0 40.2 31.9 21.4 4.9 1.6 45–64 years ........................ 43,182 100.0 30.1 28.5 26.5 10.3 4.6 65 years and over .................... 27,749 100.0 16.2 23.7 33.6 17.6 9.0 Black: All ages ............................ 33,035 100.0 31.9 25.2 28.4 10.5 4.0

Under 5 years ....................... 3,376 100.0 46.6 25.6 23.2 4.0 *0.6 5–17 years ......................... 7,924 100.0 41.7 25.8 27.4 4.4 0.8 18–24 years ........................ 3,665 100.0 36.6 28.7 27.4 5.8 1.4 25–44 years ........................ 10,417 100.0 31.0 27.4 28.9 10.0 2.7 45–64 years ........................ 5,129 100.0 16.4 21.2 32.2 20.2 10.0 65 years and over .................... 2,524 100.0 10.4 16.3 30.4 26.6 16.2 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 111

### Table 70. Number of persons and percent distribution by respondent-assessed health status, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Respondent-assessed health status All persons 1 All health statuses 2 Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor Family income and age Under $10,000: Number in thousands Percent distribution All ages ............................ 23,363 100.0 25.5 23.6 29.0 14.1 7.8

Under 5 years ....................... 2,467 100.0 42.1 24.8 27.6 4.6 *0.9 5–17 years ......................... 4,562 100.0 36.6 24.9 31.3 5.9 1.3 18–24 years ........................ 4,257 100.0 34.7 35.3 22.6 6.4 *1.0 25–44 years ........................ 5,201 100.0 21.2 22.0 33.1 16.6 7.1 45–64 years ........................ 2,808 100.0 8.6 13.9 26.0 28.6 22.9 65 years and over .................... 4,067 100.0 10.7 17.8 30.8 23.9 16.8 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 37,271 100.0 28.4 26.1 29.4 11.2 4.9

Under 5 years ....................... 3,244 100.0 44.4 29.8 21.4 3.9 *0.5 5–17 years ......................... 6,859 100.0 40.9 27.4 26.4 4.6 0.6 18–24 years ........................ 4,341 100.0 37.0 30.6 26.5 4.5 1.3 25–44 years ........................ 10,006 100.0 27.5 28.1 31.2 10.0 3.2 45–64 years ........................ 5,595 100.0 18.1 21.0 30.3 19.7 11.0 65 years and over .................... 7,226 100.0 13.6 21.6 34.4 19.6 10.8 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ............................ 54,171 100.0 35.3 29.9 25.5 7.1 2.2

Under 5 years ....................... 4,420 100.0 53.7 26.7 17.1 2.3 *0.2 5–17 years ......................... 10,035 100.0 47.0 30.3 20.1 2.3 *0.3 18–24 years ........................ 4,900 100.0 42.5 32.5 21.5 3.1 *0.4 25–44 years ........................ 18,615 100.0 36.0 32.3 25.1 5.3 1.3 45–64 years ........................ 9,461 100.0 22.7 28.3 31.5 13.1 4.5 65 years and over .................... 6,741 100.0 16.4 25.5 34.7 16.8 6.6 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 100,302 100.0 47.9 30.2 17.5 3.5 0.9

Under 5 years ....................... 7,335 100.0 62.4 27.2 9.1 1.2 *0.2 5–17 years ......................... 20,711 100.0 61.7 26.2 10.8 1.2 *0.2 18–24 years ........................ 7,373 100.0 52.6 30.5 14.9 1.8 *0.2 25–44 years ........................ 36,332 100.0 47.1 32.7 17.0 2.7 0.6 45–64 years ........................ 23,402 100.0 36.7 31.3 24.5 6.2 1.4 65 years and over .................... 5,148 100.0 22.5 26.9 32.7 12.8 5.1 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 50,610 100.0 38.9 29.6 22.5 6.8 2.2 Midwest ............................ 63,238 100.0 38.3 30.0 22.6 6.7 2.4 South ............................. 88,088 100.0 36.7 27.1 24.3 8.2 3.8 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,697 100.0 38.5 28.1 23.8 7.0 2.6 Place of residence MSA4

............................. 203,079 100.0 38.7 28.6 23.1 7.0 2.6

Central city......................... 79,510 100.0 34.5 28.9 25.3 8.3 3.0 Not central city ...................... 123,570 100.0 41.4 28.4 21.7 6.2 2.3 Not MSA4

........................... 56,554 100.0 35.0 28.3 24.4 8.3 4.0 1Includes unknown health status. 2Excludes unknown health status. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for column 1 can be computed by using parameter set X of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for age, sex and age, and race and age for columns 3–7 can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 70, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for columns 3–7 can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 70, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. An estimate of 384,000 has a 10-percent RSE; of 96,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 43,000, a 30-percent RSE. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 112

### Table 71. Number per person per year and number of physician contacts, by place of contact and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Place of contact All places 1 Telephone Office Hospital Other All places 1 Telephone Office Hospital Other Number per person per year2 Number in thousands2 All persons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.8 3.4 0.8 1.1 1,581,640 197,524 877,815 208,060 286,851 Age Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 1.0 4.0 0.9 0.9 138,403 21,162 81,292 17,465 17,420 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 0.4 2.0 0.5 0.4 172,037 21,730 101,475 25,437 22,247 18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 0.4 2.1 0.6 0.8 98,390 9,866 52,873 14,830 20,207 25–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 0.8 3.1 0.7 0.9 451,816 62,661 253,672 60,129 71,993 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 1.0 4.0 1.1 1.1 370,426 52,001 202,280 55,080 57,916 65–74 years ......................... 10.3 1.0 5.7 1.2 2.4 188,340 17,573 103,724 22,307 43,566 75 years and over...................... 12.7 1.0 6.5 1.0 4.2 162,227 12,531 82,499 12,811 53,503 Sex and age Male: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 0.6 2.8 0.8 0.9 652,021 72,808 356,327 99,792 118,496

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 0.6 2.6 0.7 0.6 160,076 20,716 94,580 23,367 20,635 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 0.4 2.0 0.6 0.8 200,019 21,491 104,703 30,169 41,457 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 0.8 3.4 1.2 0.9 154,312 19,446 82,486 29,449 22,090 65 years and over .................... 10.6 0.9 5.8 1.3 2.7 137,615 11,155 74,558 16,807 34,315 Female: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 0.9 3.9 0.8 1.3 929,619 124,716 521,487 108,267 168,355

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 0.6 2.6 0.6 0.6 150,364 22,176 88,187 19,535 19,032 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 0.9 3.7 0.8 0.9 350,187 51,036 201,842 44,790 50,743 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 1.2 4.6 1.0 1.4 216,114 32,555 119,794 25,631 35,826 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 1.0 6.2 1.0 3.5 212,952 18,949 111,665 18,311 62,754 Race and age White: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 0.8 3.6 0.8 1.1 1,349,712 178,178 768,003 163,355 230,703

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 0.7 2.8 0.6 0.6 259,274 38,081 157,015 31,947 30,393 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 0.7 3.0 0.6 0.8 457,689 63,758 263,260 57,163 70,363 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 1.1 4.1 1.0 1.1 318,523 47,642 177,681 44,167 46,081 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 1.0 6.1 1.1 3.0 314,225 28,697 170,047 30,079 83,866 Black: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 0.4 2.5 1.1 1.4 178,612 13,714 83,626 34,961 44,678

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 0.3 1.7 0.8 0.7 39,253 3,131 19,600 8,573 7,686 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 0.5 2.3 1.0 1.2 69,807 6,484 32,441 13,934 16,243 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 0.6 3.7 1.7 1.7 39,348 3,023 18,733 8,521 8,921 65 years and over .................... 12.0 *0.4 5.1 1.6 4.7 30,204 1,076 12,851 3,933 11,828 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 0.9 3.3 1.5 2.4 189,434 21,984 76,933 33,931 55,435

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 0.5 2.2 1.3 0.9 34,155 3,848 15,270 8,885 6,013 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 0.8 2.4 1.3 2.2 63,121 7,997 22,356 11,824 20,745 45–64 years ........................ 12.9 1.8 5.1 3.1 2.6 36,155 5,113 14,456 8,766 7,436 65 years and over .................... 13.8 1.2 6.1 1.1 5.2 56,004 5,026 24,851 4,455 21,241 $10,000–$19,999: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 0.7 3.5 1.0 1.5 252,428 27,594 130,282 37,094 56,049

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 0.6 2.2 0.7 0.8 44,830 6,326 22,205 7,252 8,553 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 0.6 3.0 0.9 0.9 76,909 8,629 42,398 12,578 13,005 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 1.0 4.0 1.6 1.8 47,309 5,675 22,215 9,102 10,217 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 1.0 6.0 1.1 3.4 83,380 6,965 43,463 8,162 24,274 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 113

### Table 71. Number per person per year and number of physician contacts, by place of contact and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Place of contact All places 1 Telephone Office Hospital Other All places 1 Telephone Office Hospital Other Family income and age—Con. Number per person per year2 Number in thousands2 $20,000–$34,999: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 0.7 3.5 0.8 1.0 327,158 39,158 189,431 42,884 52,893

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 0.6 2.6 0.6 0.4 61,232 8,616 37,088 9,055 6,302 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 0.7 3.0 0.8 0.8 124,153 15,865 70,067 17,763 19,007 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 0.9 4.2 0.8 1.1 67,874 8,728 39,572 7,812 10,858 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 0.9 6.3 1.2 2.5 73,899 5,949 42,703 8,253 16,727 $35,000 or more: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 0.9 3.5 0.6 0.8 579,799 90,266 346,831 60,799 77,780

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 0.8 3.1 0.4 0.5 136,636 22,283 86,248 12,518 14,520 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 0.8 3.1 0.5 0.6 217,025 33,790 133,611 22,020 26,239 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 1.1 4.0 0.8 0.9 162,752 26,647 94,350 19,444 20,856 65 years and over .................... 12.3 1.5 6.3 1.3 3.1 63,387 7,546 32,622 6,816 16,166 Geographic region Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.7 3.5 0.8 1.1 310,947 36,490 178,851 39,569 53,935 Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.9 3.4 0.9 1.0 387,428 55,556 211,919 54,828 62,963 South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 0.7 3.3 0.7 1.1 510,226 58,753 288,337 64,306 94,286 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 0.8 3.4 0.9 1.3 373,039 46,725 198,708 49,357 75,667 Place of residence MSA4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.8 3.4 0.8 1.1 1,238,721 155,101 694,065 161,509 218,889

Central city. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.7 3.2 0.9 1.3 481,174 56,043 250,934 68,645 102,002 Not central city . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.8 3.6 0.8 0.9 757,547 99,058 443,130 92,865 116,887 Not MSA4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 0.8 3.2 0.8 1.2 342,919 42,423 183,750 46,550 67,963 1Includes unknown place of contact. 2Does not include physician contacts while an overnight patient in a hospital. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age for columns 1–5 can be computed by using parameter set VI of table II, the frequencies of table 71, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for columns 1–5 can be computed by using parameter sets VI and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 71 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 6–10 can be computed by using parameter set VI of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 17.9 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 4.5 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 2.0 million, a 30-percent RSE. Rates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 114

### Table 72. Percent distribution and number of persons by interval since last physician contact, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Interval since last contact All intervals 1 Less than 1 year 1 year to less than 2 years 2 years to less than 5 years 5 years or more All intervals 2 Less than 1 year 1 year to less than 2 years 2 years to less than 5 years 5 years or more Percent distribution3 Number in thousands3 All persons4

......................... 100.0 78.8 9.5 8.2 3.5 259,634 200,269 24,027 20,777 8,927 Age Under 5 years ........................ 100.0 94.8 4.3 0.7 0.3 20,480 18,956 859 137 52 5–17 years .......................... 100.0 78.9 12.4 7.0 1.7 49,545 38,149 5,981 3,391 827 18–24 years ......................... 100.0 71.4 13.1 11.6 4.0 25,285 17,491 3,200 2,834 979 25–44 years ......................... 100.0 73.2 10.8 11.3 4.8 82,893 59,313 8,751 9,134 3,857 45–64 years ......................... 100.0 78.8 8.0 8.3 4.8 50,405 39,023 3,962 4,114 2,394 65–74 years ......................... 100.0 87.9 4.7 4.3 3.1 18,253 15,818 843 776 556 75 years and over...................... 100.0 91.4 3.4 3.1 2.1 12,772 11,520 430 391 262 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 100.0 73.2 10.9 11.0 5.0 126,494 90,261 13,404 13,544 6,168

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 83.4 9.9 5.3 1.3 35,832 29,149 3,475 1,866 451 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 62.5 13.8 16.5 7.2 53,387 32,388 7,131 8,551 3,735 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 73.5 9.3 10.7 6.5 24,344 17,549 2,213 2,556 1,556 65 years and over .................... 100.0 87.6 4.6 4.5 3.3 12,932 11,176 585 571 426 Female: All ages ............................ 100.0 84.2 8.1 5.5 2.1 133,139 110,008 10,622 7,233 2,759

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 83.7 10.1 5.0 1.3 34,194 27,956 3,365 1,662 428 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 82.6 9.0 6.4 2.0 54,791 44,416 4,819 3,417 1,100 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 83.8 6.8 6.1 3.3 26,061 21,474 1,749 1,558 838 65 years and over .................... 100.0 90.6 3.9 3.3 2.2 18,094 16,162 689 596 393 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 100.0 79.2 9.2 8.1 3.5 214,496 166,455 19,252 17,069 7,312

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 84.3 9.5 5.0 1.1 55,239 45,511 5,115 2,719 619 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 73.1 11.1 11.3 4.5 88,326 63,100 9,571 9,742 3,898 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 78.7 8.1 8.4 4.8 43,182 33,390 3,441 3,558 2,055 65 years and over .................... 100.0 89.3 4.1 3.8 2.7 27,749 24,454 1,125 1,050 741 Black: All ages ............................ 100.0 78.7 11.1 7.4 2.8 33,035 25,286 3,558 2,381 894

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 81.2 12.7 4.8 1.3 11,300 8,914 1,395 528 138 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 73.4 12.4 10.4 3.8 14,082 10,023 1,697 1,420 512 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 82.2 7.2 7.0 3.6 5,129 4,114 362 350 179 65 years and over .................... 100.0 89.9 4.2 3.3 2.6 2,524 2,235 104 82 65 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages ............................ 100.0 80.1 8.8 7.3 3.8 23,363 18,347 2,011 1,674 869

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 82.9 11.0 4.7 1.4 7,030 5,679 755 323 96 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 74.6 10.1 10.5 4.8 9,458 6,914 941 970 447 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 80.4 5.2 7.8 6.7 2,808 2,217 144 215 184 65 years and over .................... 100.0 88.1 4.2 4.1 3.6 4,067 3,538 170 165 143 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 100.0 76.5 9.5 9.3 4.7 37,271 27,962 3,460 3,388 1,723

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 80.2 10.9 6.5 2.3 10,103 7,918 1,078 646 228 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 68.4 11.6 13.4 6.5 14,347 9,581 1,630 1,879 910 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 75.0 7.9 10.4 6.7 5,595 4,140 434 574 371 65 years and over .................... 100.0 88.5 4.5 4.1 3.0 7,226 6,324 318 290 214 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 115

### Table 72. Percent distribution and number of persons by interval since last physician contact, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic Interval since last contact All intervals 1 Less than 1 year 1 year to less than 2 years 2 years to less than 5 years 5 years or more All intervals 2 Less than 1 year 1 year to less than 2 years 2 years to less than 5 years 5 years or more Family income and age—Con. Percent distribution3 Number in thousands3 $20,000–$34,999: All ages ............................ 100.0 77.4 10.0 8.9 3.7 54,171 41,220 5,316 4,730 1,990

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 80.6 11.5 6.3 1.6 14,454 11,405 1,624 895 226 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 71.7 11.6 11.9 4.8 23,514 16,552 2,681 2,737 1,109 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 77.3 8.0 9.2 5.5 9,461 7,216 750 861 512 65 years and over .................... 100.0 90.4 3.9 3.5 2.1 6,741 6,047 260 237 143 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 100.0 80.9 9.2 7.3 2.6 100,302 79,914 9,063 7,193 2,583

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 86.7 8.6 4.1 0.7 28,046 23,921 2,363 1,134 183 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 76.0 10.7 9.8 3.4 43,705 32,626 4,609 4,217 1,480 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 80.9 8.1 7.3 3.6 23,402 18,702 1,875 1,695 833 65 years and over .................... 100.0 91.2 4.2 2.9 1.7 5,148 4,665 217 148 86 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 100.0 82.8 8.1 6.4 2.7 50,610 41,120 4,040 3,162 1,327 Midwest ............................ 100.0 79.1 9.4 8.1 3.4 63,238 48,869 5,807 5,006 2,120 South ............................. 100.0 77.0 10.4 8.8 3.9 88,088 66,111 8,923 7,546 3,317 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 78.0 9.3 8.9 3.8 57,697 44,169 5,257 5,063 2,163 Place of residence MSA5

............................. 100.0 79.5 9.3 7.8 3.4 203,079 157,977 18,414 15,457 6,842

Central city......................... 100.0 78.7 9.6 8.0 3.6 79,510 61,210 7,499 6,223 2,829 Not central city ...................... 100.0 80.0 9.0 7.6 3.3 123,570 96,766 10,915 9,233 4,012 Not MSA5

........................... 100.0 76.5 10.1 9.6 3.8 56,554 42,293 5,613 5,320 2,085 1Excludes unknown interval. 2Includes unknown interval. 3Includes physician contacts while an overnight patient in a hospital. 4Includes other races and unknown family income. 5MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age for columns 2–5 can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 72, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for columns 2–5 can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 72, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 6–10 can be computed by using parameter set X of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 384,000 has a 10-percent RSE; of 96,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 43,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 116

### Table 73. Percent distribution of living persons by number of short-stay hospital episodes during the year preceding interview for all causes and causes excluding deliveries, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes None 1 2 3 or more None 1 2 3 or more Percent distribution All persons2

......................... 100.0 92.5 6.0 1.0 0.5 100.0 93.7 4.9 0.9 0.5 Age Under 5 years ........................ 100.0 95.0 4.2 0.5 0.3 100.0 95.0 4.2 0.5 0.3 5–17 years .......................... 100.0 97.7 2.0 0.2 0.1 100.0 97.9 1.8 0.2 0.1 18–24 years ......................... 100.0 92.6 6.6 0.6 0.2 100.0 96.0 3.4 0.4 0.2 25–44 years ......................... 100.0 92.8 6.3 0.6 0.3 100.0 95.3 4.0 0.5 0.3 45–64 years ......................... 100.0 92.0 6.0 1.3 0.7 100.0 92.0 6.0 1.3 0.7 65–74 years ......................... 100.0 85.0 10.9 2.7 1.3 100.0 85.0 10.9 2.7 1.3 75 years and over...................... 100.0 79.8 14.6 3.8 1.8 100.0 79.8 14.6 3.8 1.8 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 100.0 94.1 4.6 0.8 0.5 100.0 94.1 4.6 0.8 0.5

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 96.8 2.6 0.4 0.2 100.0 96.8 2.6 0.4 0.2 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 96.2 3.2 0.3 0.2 100.0 96.2 3.2 0.3 0.2 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 91.8 6.2 1.3 0.7 100.0 91.8 6.2 1.3 0.7 65 years and over .................... 100.0 81.9 12.9 3.5 1.7 100.0 81.9 12.9 3.5 1.7 Female: All ages ............................ 100.0 91.1 7.3 1.1 0.5 100.0 93.3 5.2 1.0 0.5

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 96.9 2.6 0.3 0.2 100.0 97.3 2.3 0.3 0.2 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 89.4 9.3 0.9 0.3 100.0 94.7 4.4 0.6 0.3 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 92.1 5.8 1.4 0.7 100.0 92.1 5.8 1.4 0.7 65 years and over .................... 100.0 83.5 12.1 3.0 1.4 100.0 83.5 12.1 3.0 1.4 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 100.0 92.5 6.0 1.0 0.5 100.0 93.6 5.0 1.0 0.5

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 96.9 2.6 0.3 0.2 100.0 97.1 2.5 0.3 0.2 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 92.9 6.2 0.6 0.2 100.0 95.5 3.8 0.5 0.2 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 92.1 5.9 1.3 0.7 100.0 92.1 5.9 1.3 0.7 65 years and over .................... 100.0 82.7 12.5 3.3 1.5 100.0 82.7 12.5 3.3 1.5 Black: All ages ............................ 100.0 92.1 6.3 1.0 0.6 100.0 93.5 5.0 0.9 0.6

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 96.4 3.0 0.4 *0.3 100.0 96.7 2.7 *0.4 *0.3 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 91.2 7.4 0.9 0.5 100.0 94.4 4.5 0.7 0.4 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 89.5 7.5 1.9 1.2 100.0 89.5 7.5 1.9 1.2 65 years and over .................... 100.0 82.8 12.6 2.9 1.7 100.0 82.8 12.6 2.9 1.7 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages ............................ 100.0 89.1 8.3 1.6 1.0 100.0 90.5 7.0 1.5 1.0

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 95.2 4.1 *0.5 *0.2 100.0 95.4 4.0 *0.4 *0.2 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 89.8 8.5 1.0 0.7 100.0 93.1 5.4 0.9 0.7 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 83.9 10.9 3.2 2.0 100.0 83.9 10.9 3.2 2.0 65 years and over .................... 100.0 80.5 13.4 3.8 2.4 100.0 80.5 13.4 3.8 2.4 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 100.0 90.7 7.2 1.5 0.7 100.0 92.0 6.0 1.4 0.7

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 96.3 2.8 0.5 *0.4 100.0 96.6 2.5 0.4 *0.4 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 91.2 7.5 0.9 0.5 100.0 94.4 4.6 0.7 0.4 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 89.5 7.0 2.1 1.4 100.0 89.5 7.0 2.1 1.4 65 years and over .................... 100.0 82.6 12.7 3.5 1.2 100.0 82.6 12.7 3.5 1.2 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 117

### Table 73. Percent distribution of living persons by number of short-stay hospital episodes during the year preceding interview for all causes and causes excluding deliveries, according to sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes None 1 2 3 or more None 1 2 3 or more Family income and age—Con. $20,000–$34,999: Percent distribution All ages ............................ 100.0 92.2 6.3 1.0 0.4 100.0 93.4 5.2 1.0 0.4

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 96.6 2.9 0.4 *0.1 100.0 96.7 2.8 0.4 *0.1 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 92.7 6.3 0.7 0.2 100.0 95.3 3.9 0.6 0.2 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 91.4 6.6 1.3 0.8 100.0 91.4 6.5 1.3 0.8 65 years and over .................... 100.0 82.4 13.3 3.0 1.3 100.0 82.4 13.3 3.0 1.3 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 100.0 94.4 4.7 0.6 0.3 100.0 95.5 3.7 0.6 0.3

Under 18 years ...................... 100.0 97.6 2.1 0.2 *0.1 100.0 97.7 2.0 0.2 *0.1 18–44 years ........................ 100.0 93.9 5.5 0.4 0.1 100.0 96.4 3.2 0.3 0.1 45–64 years ........................ 100.0 93.6 5.0 1.0 0.4 100.0 93.6 5.0 1.0 0.4 65 years and over .................... 100.0 84.5 10.9 3.1 1.5 100.0 84.5 10.9 3.1 1.5 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 100.0 92.7 5.9 1.0 0.5 100.0 93.8 4.8 0.9 0.5 Midwest ............................ 100.0 92.3 6.2 1.1 0.5 100.0 93.4 5.1 1.0 0.5 South ............................. 100.0 91.9 6.4 1.1 0.6 100.0 93.0 5.4 1.1 0.5 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 93.7 5.2 0.7 0.4 100.0 95.1 3.9 0.7 0.3 Place of residence MSA3

............................. 100.0 92.9 5.8 0.9 0.4 100.0 94.1 4.6 0.8 0.4

Central city......................... 100.0 92.6 6.0 0.9 0.5 100.0 93.9 4.8 0.8 0.5 Not central city ...................... 100.0 93.0 5.7 0.9 0.4 100.0 94.2 4.5 0.8 0.4 Not MSA3

........................... 100.0 91.4 6.7 1.4 0.6 100.0 92.2 5.9 1.3 0.6 1Based on reason for admission or other indication of delivery. 2Includes other races and unknown family income. 3MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 74, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence can be computed by using parameter set X of table II, the frequencies of table 78, and the formula presented in rule 3 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 118

### Table 74. Number of living persons, by number of short-stay hospital episodes during the year preceding interview for all causes and causes excluding deliveries and by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes None 1 2 3 or more None 1 2 3 or more Number of persons in thousands All persons2

......................... 259,634 240,258 15,554 2,566 1,255 259,634 243,273 12,735 2,398 1,227 Age Under 5 years ........................ 20,480 19,451 851 110 68 20,480 19,451 851 110 68 5–17 years .......................... 49,545 48,388 982 123 53 49,545 48,501 876 115 53 18–24 years ......................... 25,285 23,423 1,659 149 55 25,285 24,284 858 93 51 25–44 years ......................... 82,893 76,935 5,187 527 243 82,893 78,975 3,276 422 219 45–64 years ......................... 50,405 46,356 3,017 668 363 50,405 46,358 3,015 668 363 65–74 years ......................... 18,253 15,515 1,992 500 246 18,253 15,515 1,992 500 246 75 years and over...................... 12,772 10,190 1,867 489 227 12,772 10,190 1,867 489 227 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 126,494 118,993 5,844 1,074 582 126,494 118,993 5,844 1,074 582

Under 18 years ...................... 35,832 34,696 945 131 60 35,832 34,696 945 131 60 18–44 years ........................ 53,387 51,367 1,723 179 118 53,387 51,367 1,723 179 118 45–64 years ........................ 24,344 22,343 1,509 312 180 24,344 22,343 1,509 312 180 65 years and over .................... 12,932 10,588 1,667 452 225 12,932 10,588 1,667 452 225 Female: All ages ............................ 133,139 121,264 9,710 1,492 673 133,139 124,280 6,891 1,324 645

Under 18 years ...................... 34,194 33,143 887 102 62 34,194 33,256 782 94 62 18–44 years ........................ 54,791 48,992 5,122 496 180 54,791 51,892 2,411 336 152 45–64 years ........................ 26,061 24,013 1,508 356 183 26,061 24,015 1,506 356 183 65 years and over .................... 18,094 15,117 2,192 538 248 18,094 15,117 2,192 538 248 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 214,496 198,366 12,916 2,185 1,029 214,496 200,715 10,714 2,053 1,014

Under 18 years ...................... 55,239 53,550 1,424 179 87 55,239 53,622 1,357 173 87 18–44 years ........................ 88,326 82,083 5,493 532 218 88,326 84,359 3,360 405 202 45–64 years ........................ 43,182 39,785 2,536 565 296 43,182 39,787 2,534 565 296 65 years and over .................... 27,749 22,948 3,463 909 429 27,749 22,948 3,463 909 429 Black: All ages ............................ 33,035 30,416 2,085 334 200 33,035 30,897 1,642 308 187

Under 18 years ...................... 11,300 10,888 334 45 33 11,300 10,923 302 42 33 18–44 years ........................ 14,082 12,849 1,049 120 64 14,082 13,296 638 97 51 45–64 years ........................ 5,129 4,590 385 95 59 5,129 4,590 385 95 59 65 years and over .................... 2,524 2,089 317 74 44 2,524 2,089 317 74 44 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages ............................ 23,363 20,817 1,945 372 228 23,363 21,137 1,641 359 226

Under 18 years ...................... 7,030 6,695 290 33 12 7,030 6,706 281 31 12 18–44 years ........................ 9,458 8,492 805 95 66 9,458 8,801 510 83 64 45–64 years ........................ 2,808 2,357 306 90 55 2,808 2,357 306 90 55 65 years and over .................... 4,067 3,272 544 155 96 4,067 3,272 544 155 96 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 37,271 33,789 2,665 542 276 37,271 34,277 2,218 511 265

Under 18 years ...................... 10,103 9,734 281 46 42 10,103 9,762 255 43 42 18–44 years ........................ 14,347 13,078 1,076 125 68 14,347 13,538 655 97 57 45–64 years ........................ 5,595 5,007 392 115 81 5,595 5,007 392 115 81 65 years and over .................... 7,226 5,970 915 256 85 7,226 5,970 915 256 85 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 119

### Table 74. Number of living persons, by number of short-stay hospital episodes during the year preceding interview for all causes and excluding deliveries and by sociodemographic Characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes None 1 2 3 or more None 1 2 3 or more Family income and age—Con. $20,000–$34,999: Number of persons in thousands All ages ............................ 54,171 49,966 3,419 561 225 54,171 50,595 2,840 519 218

Under 18 years ...................... 14,454 13,965 415 60 14 14,454 13,979 403 58 14 18–44 years ........................ 23,514 21,798 1,486 175 55 23,514 22,411 921 134 48 45–64 years ........................ 9,461 8,647 621 121 72 9,461 8,649 619 121 72 65 years and over .................... 6,741 5,555 897 205 85 6,741 5,555 897 205 85 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 100,302 94,693 4,716 628 265 100,302 95,797 3,674 576 256

Under 18 years ...................... 28,046 27,368 576 65 37 28,046 27,395 550 65 37 18–44 years ........................ 43,705 41,060 2,411 172 62 43,705 42,137 1,396 119 54 45–64 years ........................ 23,402 21,913 1,169 232 88 23,402 21,913 1,169 232 88 65 years and over .................... 5,148 4,352 560 159 78 5,148 4,352 560 159 78 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 50,610 46,893 2,977 497 243 50,610 47,482 2,440 448 240 Midwest ............................ 63,238 58,342 3,895 681 320 63,238 59,034 3,256 637 311 South ............................. 88,088 80,953 5,657 988 490 88,088 81,908 4,767 937 476 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,697 54,070 3,024 401 203 57,697 54,849 2,272 376 200 Place of residence MSA3

............................. 203,079 188,591 11,788 1,791 910 203,079 191,121 9,405 1,662 891

Central city......................... 79,510 73,643 4,777 720 371 79,510 74,672 3,807 669 362 Not central city ...................... 123,570 114,948 7,011 1,071 540 123,570 116,449 5,599 994 529 Not MSA3

........................... 56,554 51,667 3,766 776 345 56,554 52,153 3,330 736 336 1Based on reason for admission or other indication of delivery. 2Includes other races and unknown family income. 3MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set X of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 384,000 has a 10-percent RSE; of 96,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 43,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 120

### Table 75. Number of short-stay hospital days during the year preceding interview per living person hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by number of episodes and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes 1 2 3 or more 1 2 3 or more Days per person hospitalized All persons2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 5.1 12.4 26.1 8.3 5.7 12.7 26.5 Age Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 6.0 9.9 28.6 7.9 6.0 9.9 28.6 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 4.9 13.5 17.3 6.7 5.3 13.1 16.8 18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.0 8.3 18.4 5.1 3.8 9.7 18.3 25–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 3.9 11.1 22.8 6.7 4.8 11.8 24.4 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 5.4 11.8 24.8 8.2 5.4 11.8 24.8 65–74 years ......................... 10.0 6.7 14.0 28.5 10.0 6.7 14.0 28.5 75 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 7.7 14.7 32.2 11.2 7.7 14.7 32.2 Sex and age Male: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 6.2 13.1 30.7 9.1 6.2 13.1 30.7

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 5.9 12.7 22.6 7.6 5.9 12.7 22.6 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 5.5 13.4 29.9 7.6 5.5 13.4 29.9 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 5.4 12.6 27.9 8.6 5.4 12.6 27.9 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 7.7 13.5 35.4 11.5 7.7 13.5 35.4 Female: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 4.4 11.9 22.1 7.6 5.3 12.4 22.6

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 4.9 10.7 24.3 7.0 5.3 10.0 23.8 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.0 9.4 16.8 5.4 3.9 10.4 18.2 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 5.3 11.1 21.8 7.8 5.3 11.1 21.8 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 6.8 15.0 25.7 9.9 6.8 15.0 25.7 Race and age White: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 4.9 12.4 25.8 8.1 5.5 12.7 26.0

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 4.8 12.7 22.0 6.7 5.0 12.4 21.9 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 3.6 9.8 20.5 6.1 4.6 10.8 21.4 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 4.9 11.7 23.7 7.6 4.9 11.7 23.7 65 years and over .................... 10.5 7.0 14.2 30.6 10.5 7.0 14.2 30.6 Black: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 5.9 12.0 29.1 9.6 6.8 12.2 30.4

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 8.2 *9.4 28.5 10.5 8.7 *9.5 27.8 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.1 10.5 29.3 7.5 4.9 10.6 34.8 45–64 years ........................ 10.6 7.3 11.9 30.2 10.6 7.3 11.9 30.2 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 8.1 16.1 27.6 11.4 8.1 16.1 27.6 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 6.2 14.5 24.5 9.9 6.9 14.4 24.6

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 6.9 *16.4 *25.3 8.7 7.0 *17.2 *25.3 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 4.4 11.4 24.2 8.1 5.8 10.2 24.5 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 8.7 15.3 22.9 11.8 8.7 15.3 22.9 65 years and over .................... 10.9 7.0 15.5 25.2 10.9 7.0 15.5 25.2 $10,000–$19,999: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 6.5 13.7 28.3 10.4 7.3 14.0 29.1

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 6.1 *10.2 25.2 9.3 6.5 *10.3 24.9 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.4 11.6 19.9 7.8 5.8 12.7 22.2 45–64 years ........................ 12.1 7.6 15.2 29.5 12.1 7.6 15.2 29.5 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 8.6 14.7 35.5 11.6 8.6 14.7 35.5 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 121

### Table 75. Number of short-stay hospital days during the year preceding interview per living person hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by number of episodes and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes 1 2 3 or more 1 2 3 or more Family income and age—Con. $20,000–$34,999: Days per person hospitalized All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 4.6 11.3 30.4 7.7 5.2 11.6 31.0

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 4.6 12.1 55.1 7.0 4.9 *10.8 54.4 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 3.7 8.8 26.5 6.3 4.6 9.8 28.9 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 4.3 10.0 25.1 7.0 4.3 10.0 25.1 65 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 6.5 14.1 33.1 9.7 6.5 14.1 33.1 $35,000 or more: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 3.8 11.0 22.2 6.2 4.3 11.5 22.7

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 5.1 *9.6 *10.4 6.0 5.2 *9.6 *10.4 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 2.9 10.8 15.1 4.6 3.5 12.8 16.1 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.1 9.7 20.4 6.0 4.1 9.7 20.4 65 years and over .................... 10.2 5.6 13.8 35.6 10.2 5.6 13.8 35.6 Geographic region Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 6.1 13.4 35.4 10.1 6.9 14.0 35.7 Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 4.8 13.3 21.8 7.8 5.3 13.5 22.1 South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 5.0 11.8 24.9 8.0 5.5 12.0 25.3 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 4.6 11.3 24.4 7.7 5.5 11.7 24.7 Place of residence MSA3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 5.2 12.7 27.8 8.6 5.9 13.0 28.2

Central city. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 5.7 13.4 26.9 9.1 6.6 13.4 27.3 Not central city . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 4.8 12.2 28.3 8.2 5.5 12.7 28.7 Not MSA3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 4.8 11.8 21.7 7.6 5.1 12.1 21.9 1Based on reason for admission or other indication of delivery. 2Includes other races and unknown family income. 3MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter sets VII and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 74 and 76, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. Estimates for which the numerator has an RSE of more than 30 percent are indicated with an asterisk.



### 122

### Table 76. Number of short-stay hospital days during the year preceding interview for living persons hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by number of episodes and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes 1 2 3 or more 1 2 3 or more Number of days in thousands All persons2

......................... 143,550 78,931 31,872 32,746 135,711 72,739 30,517 32,455 Age Under 5 years ........................ 8,140 5,108 1,089 1,944 8,140 5,108 1,089 1,944 5–17 years .......................... 7,356 4,772 1,665 918 7,028 4,627 1,511 890 18–24 years ......................... 7,281 5,032 1,235 1,014 5,062 3,227 900 934 25–44 years ......................... 31,392 20,015 5,842 5,535 26,103 15,776 4,975 5,352 45–64 years ......................... 33,131 16,261 7,858 9,012 33,127 16,257 7,858 9,012 65–74 years ......................... 27,398 13,390 6,991 7,016 27,398 13,390 6,991 7,016 75 years and over...................... 28,852 14,353 7,192 7,307 28,852 14,353 7,192 7,307 Sex and age Male: All ages ............................ 68,029 36,090 14,072 17,867 68,029 36,090 14,072 17,867

Under 18 years ...................... 8,590 5,576 1,658 1,356 8,590 5,576 1,658 1,356 18–44 years ........................ 15,421 9,502 2,392 3,528 15,421 9,502 2,392 3,528 45–64 years ........................ 17,150 8,201 3,923 5,026 17,150 8,201 3,923 5,026 65 years and over .................... 26,868 12,811 6,100 7,957 26,868 12,811 6,100 7,957 Female: All ages ............................ 75,521 42,841 17,800 14,880 67,682 36,649 16,445 14,588

Under 18 years ...................... 6,906 4,304 1,096 1,505 6,579 4,159 942 1,477 18–44 years ........................ 23,252 15,544 4,685 3,022 15,743 9,501 3,483 2,759 45–64 years ........................ 15,982 8,060 3,935 3,986 15,978 8,056 3,935 3,986 65 years and over .................... 29,382 14,933 8,084 6,366 29,382 14,933 8,084 6,366 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 117,027 63,450 27,065 26,512 111,244 58,833 26,062 26,349

Under 18 years ...................... 11,008 6,831 2,266 1,912 10,838 6,794 2,137 1,907 18–44 years ........................ 29,658 19,957 5,228 4,473 24,050 15,381 4,354 4,315 45–64 years ........................ 25,971 12,320 6,633 7,018 25,967 12,317 6,633 7,018 65 years and over .................... 50,389 24,341 12,938 13,109 50,389 24,341 12,938 13,109 Black: All ages ............................ 22,202 12,373 4,013 5,816 20,558 11,116 3,754 5,687

Under 18 years ...................... 4,097 2,730 425 942 3,956 2,638 400 919 18–44 years ........................ 7,414 4,275 1,260 1,878 5,911 3,111 1,027 1,773 45–64 years ........................ 5,729 2,812 1,135 1,781 5,729 2,812 1,135 1,781 65 years and over .................... 4,962 2,555 1,193 1,214 4,962 2,555 1,193 1,214 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages ............................ 23,048 12,054 5,409 5,584 22,100 11,385 5,160 5,554

Under 18 years ...................... 2,852 2,007 542 303 2,813 1,978 532 303 18–44 years ........................ 6,258 3,576 1,082 1,600 5,349 2,936 843 1,570 45–64 years ........................ 5,305 2,667 1,378 1,260 5,305 2,667 1,378 1,260 65 years and over .................... 8,633 3,804 2,407 2,422 8,633 3,804 2,407 2,422 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 32,498 17,254 7,427 7,816 31,162 16,265 7,177 7,720

Under 18 years ...................... 3,236 1,709 469 1,059 3,155 1,665 444 1,046 18–44 years ........................ 7,552 4,747 1,454 1,351 6,298 3,802 1,228 1,268 45–64 years ........................ 7,104 2,968 1,749 2,386 7,104 2,968 1,749 2,386 65 years and over .................... 14,605 7,830 3,755 3,020 14,605 7,830 3,755 3,020 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 123

### Table 76. Number of short-stay hospital days during the year preceding interview for living persons hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries, by number of episodes and sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

Characteristic All causes Excluding deliveries 1 All statuses Number of episodes All statuses Number of episodes 1 2 3 or more 1 2 3 or more Family income and age—Con. $20,000–$34,999: Number of days per person All ages ............................ 29,046 15,836 6,360 6,850 27,457 14,655 6,038 6,765

Under 18 years ...................... 3,393 1,896 726 771 3,344 1,958 625 761 18–44 years ........................ 8,453 5,456 1,537 1,460 6,917 4,217 1,316 1,385 45–64 years ........................ 5,709 2,690 1,215 1,804 5,705 2,686 1,215 1,804 65 years and over .................... 11,491 5,794 2,882 2,815 11,491 5,794 2,882 2,815 $35,000 or more: All ages ............................ 30,820 18,001 6,928 5,891 28,139 15,718 6,598 5,823

Under 18 years ...................... 3,940 2,929 625 385 3,882 2,872 625 385 18–44 years ........................ 9,869 7,085 1,849 935 7,246 4,860 1,519 867 45–64 years ........................ 8,890 4,844 2,252 1,794 8,890 4,844 2,252 1,794 65 years and over .................... 8,122 3,142 2,202 2,777 8,122 3,142 2,202 2,777 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 33,454 18,202 6,638 8,614 31,618 16,792 6,257 8,569 Midwest ............................ 34,622 18,561 9,084 6,977 32,781 17,299 8,595 6,886 South ............................. 52,005 28,173 11,636 12,196 49,389 26,069 11,268 12,053 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,468 13,994 4,514 4,959 21,923 12,579 4,397 4,947 Place of residence MSA3

............................. 108,730 60,739 22,722 25,269 102,313 55,630 21,590 25,093

Central city......................... 46,686 27,084 9,631 9,971 43,902 25,035 8,974 9,894 Not central city ...................... 62,044 33,655 13,090 15,298 58,411 30,595 12,617 15,199 Not MSA3

........................... 34,820 18,192 9,151 7,478 33,397 17,109 8,926 7,362 1Based on reason for admission or other indication of delivery. 2Includes other races and unknown family income. 3MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) can be computed by using parameter set VII of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 6.5 million has a 10-percent RSE; of 1.5 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 655,000, a 30-percent RSE.



### 124

### Table 77. Number per 100 persons per year and annual number of short-stay hospital discharges, average length of stay and annual number of hospital days for living persons hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Characteristic All causes 1 Excluding deliveries 2 Hospital discharges Hospital days Hospital discharges Hospital days Number per 100 persons Number in thousands Average length of stay Number in thousands Number per 100 persons Number in thousands Average length of stay Number in thousands All persons3

......................... 10.6 27,400 5.9 161,469 9.3 24,101 6.4 153,532 Age Under 5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 1,387 6.3 8,678 6.8 1,387 6.3 8,678 5–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 1,681 5.2 8,804 3.1 1,529 5.5 8,430 18–24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 2,276 3.5 8,067 5.6 1,405 4.2 5,970 25–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 7,572 4.7 35,330 6.4 5,297 5.6 29,863 45–64 years ......................... 12.2 6,142 5.8 35,864 12.2 6,142 5.8 35,864 65–74 years ......................... 23.0 4,200 7.2 30,093 23.0 4,200 7.2 30,093 75 years and over...................... 32.4 4,141 8.4 34,633 32.4 4,141 8.4 34,633 Sex and age Male: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 11,059 7.0 77,880 8.7 11,059 7.0 77,880

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 1,535 6.4 9,882 4.3 1,535 6.4 9,882 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 2,785 6.4 17,784 5.2 2,785 6.4 17,784 45–64 years ........................ 12.3 2,986 6.3 18,931 12.3 2,986 6.3 18,931 65 years and over .................... 29.0 3,754 8.3 31,283 29.0 3,754 8.3 31,283 Female: All ages ............................ 12.3 16,341 5.1 83,589 9.8 13,042 5.8 75,651

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 1,534 5.0 7,599 4.0 1,382 5.2 7,226 18–44 years ........................ 12.9 7,064 3.6 25,613 7.1 3,917 4.6 18,049 45–64 years ........................ 12.1 3,156 5.4 16,933 12.1 3,156 5.4 16,933 65 years and over .................... 25.4 4,587 7.3 33,444 25.4 4,587 7.3 33,444 Race and age White: All ages ............................ 10.5 22,555 5.8 130,726 9.4 20,060 6.2 125,139

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 2,233 5.4 12,116 3.9 2,144 5.6 11,945 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 7,673 4.4 33,885 6.0 5,267 5.4 28,469 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 5,084 5.4 27,415 11.8 5,084 5.4 27,415 65 years and over .................... 27.3 7,565 7.6 57,309 27.3 7,565 7.6 57,309 Black: All ages ............................ 12.1 3,991 6.1 24,149 10.3 3,401 6.5 22,183

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 723 6.9 4,983 6.0 674 7.1 4,811 18–44 years ........................ 12.1 1,708 4.5 7,657 8.3 1,167 5.0 5,864 45–64 years ........................ 17.2 883 7.0 6,138 17.2 883 7.0 6,138 65 years and over .................... 26.8 676 7.9 5,371 26.8 676 7.9 5,371 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages ............................ 16.3 3,816 6.5 24,805 14.8 3,452 6.9 23,804

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 481 6.8 3,283 6.7 474 6.9 3,263 18–44 years ........................ 14.1 1,329 4.6 6,095 10.3 971 5.3 5,115 45–64 years ........................ 24.6 692 7.8 5,381 24.6 692 7.8 5,381 65 years and over .................... 32.3 1,314 7.6 10,045 32.3 1,314 7.6 10,045 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ............................ 14.4 5,358 7.2 38,780 12.7 4,734 7.9 37,237

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 601 6.3 3,778 5.5 555 6.6 3,653 18–44 years ........................ 12.2 1,754 4.9 8,636 8.2 1,176 6.1 7,218 45–64 years ........................ 17.9 1,002 8.4 8,393 17.9 1,002 8.4 8,393 65 years and over .................... 27.7 2,000 9.0 17,973 27.7 2,000 9.0 17,973 See footnotes and notes at end of table.



### 125

### Table 77. Number per 100 persons per year and annual number of short-stay hospital discharges, average length of stay and annual number of hospital days for living persons hospitalized for all causes and excluding deliveries by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Characteristic All causes 1 Excluding deliveries 2 Hospital discharges Hospital days Hospital discharges Hospital days Family income and age—Con. Number per 100 persons Number in thousands Average length of stay Number in thousands Number per 100 persons Number in thousands Average length of stay Number in thousands $20,000–$34,999: All ages ............................ 10.7 5,787 5.7 33,159 9.4 5,070 6.2 31,555

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 673 5.5 3,687 4.5 650 5.6 3,642 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 2,190 5.1 11,081 6.4 1,496 6.4 9,522 45–64 years ........................ 12.7 1,203 4.9 5,913 12.7 1,203 4.9 5,913 65 years and over .................... 25.5 1,721 7.3 12,479 25.5 1,721 7.3 12,479 $35,000 or more: All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7,201 4.7 33,924 6.1 6,113 5.1 31,450

Under 18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 863 4.8 4,170 3.0 829 5.0 4,112 18–44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 3,027 3.5 10,546 4.5 1,973 4.1 8,130 45–64 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 2,063 4.8 9,854 8.8 2,063 4.8 9,854 65 years and over .................... 24.2 1,248 7.5 9,354 24.2 1,248 7.5 9,354 Geographic region Northeast ........................... 10.3 5,225 7.3 37,915 9.1 4,597 7.8 36,058 Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 6,986 5.5 38,769 9.8 6,220 5.9 36,956 South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 10,319 5.6 57,573 10.4 9,189 6.0 54,761 West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 4,870 5.6 27,212 7.1 4,097 6.3 25,756 Place of residence MSA4

............................. 10.0 20,223 6.1 124,135 8.6 17,558 6.7 117,783

Central city......................... 10.6 8,394 6.4 54,091 9.1 7,213 7.1 51,079 Not central city . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 11,829 5.9 70,044 8.4 10,345 6.4 66,704 Not MSA4

........................... 12.7 7,177 5.2 37,334 11.6 6,543 5.5 35,749 1Includes unknown cause; based on 6-month reference period. 2Based on reason for admission or other indication of delivery. 3Includes other races and unknown family income. 4MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for age, sex and age, and race and age for columns 1 and 5 can be computed by using parameter set VIII of table II, the frequencies of table 77, and the formula presented in rule 2 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for family income and age, geographic region, and place of residence for columns 1 and 5 can be computed by using parameter sets VIII and X of table II, the frequencies of tables 77 and 78, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 2 and 6 can be computed by using parameter set VIII of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 4 and 8 can be computed by using parameter set IX of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. The SE’s and RSE’s for columns 3 and 7 can be computed by using parameter sets VIII and IX of table II, the frequencies of table 77, and the formula presented in rule 4 of appendix I. An estimate of 683,000 discharges has a 10-percent RSE; of 169,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 75,000, a 30-percent RSE. An estimate of 14.4 million days has a 10-percent RSE; of 2.8 million, a 20-percent RSE; and of 1.2 million, a 30-percent RSE.



### 126

### Table 78. Number of persons of all ages and number of currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994 [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II] Characteristic All persons Currently employed persons Number in thousands All persons1

........................ 259,634 122,928 Age Under 18 years ...................... 70,025 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 20,480 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 49,545 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 108,178 83,938

18–24 years ....................... 25,285 16,967 25–44 years ....................... 82,893 66,971 45 years and over..................... 81,430 38,990

45–64 years ....................... 50,405 35,079 65 years and over ................... 31,026 3,910

65–69 years ..................... 9,685 2,171 70–74 years ..................... 8,568 1,096 75 years and over .................. 12,772 644 Sex and age Male: All ages ........................... 126,494 66,950 Under 18 years ...................... 35,832 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 10,471 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 25,360 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 53,387 45,655

18–24 years ....................... 12,571 9,055 45 years and over..................... 37,275 21,295

45–64 years ....................... 24,344 19,087 65 years and over ................... 12,932 2,208

65–69 years ..................... 4,354 1,166 70–74 years ..................... 3,757 646 75 years and over .................. 4,820 395 Female: All ages ........................... 133,139 55,977 Under 18 years ...................... 34,194 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 10,009 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 24,185 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 54,791 38,283

18–24 years ....................... 12,714 7,912 45 years and over..................... 44,155 17,695

45–64 years ....................... 26,061 15,992 65 years and over ................... 18,094 1,703

65–69 years ..................... 5,331 1,004 70–74 years ..................... 4,810 450 75 years and over .................. 7,952 249 Race and age White: All ages ........................... 214,496 104,237 Under 18 years ...................... 55,239 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 16,074 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 39,165 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 88,326 70,261

18–24 years ....................... 20,051 14,173 45 years and over..................... 70,931 33,976

45–64 years ....................... 43,182 30,398 65 years and over ................... 27,749 3,578

65–69 years ..................... 8,562 1,971 70–74 years ..................... 7,621 1,010 75 years and over .................. 11,565 597 See footnotes and notes at end of table. Characteristic All persons Currently employed persons Race and age—Con. Number in thousands Black: All ages ........................... 33,035 13,250 Under 18 years ...................... 11,300 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 3,376 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 7,924 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 14,082 9,747

18–24 years ....................... 3,665 1,952 45 years and over..................... 7,653 3,503

45–64 years ....................... 5,129 3,246 65 years and over ................... 2,524 257

65–69 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842 155 70–74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711 63 75 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971 38 Family income and age Under $10,000: All ages ........................... 23,363 5,374 Under 18 years ...................... 7,030 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 2,467 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 4,562 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 9,458 4,314

18–24 years ....................... 4,257 2,057 45 years and over..................... 6,875 1,060

45–64 years ....................... 2,808 835 65 years and over ................... 4,067 225

65–69 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900 124 70–74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 980 54 75 years and over .................. 2,187 47 $10,000–$19,999: All ages ........................... 37,271 13,751 Under 18 years ...................... 10,103 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 3,244 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 6,859 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 14,347 10,043

18–24 years ....................... 4,341 2,851 45 years and over..................... 12,821 3,708

45–64 years ....................... 5,595 2,954 65 years and over ................... 7,226 755

65–69 years ..................... 1,897 377 70–74 years ..................... 2,101 240 75 years and over .................. 3,228 137 $20,000–$24,999: All ages ........................... 19,599 8,911 Under 18 years ...................... 5,076 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 1,710 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 3,366 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 8,067 6,393

18–24 years ....................... 2,008 1,481 45 years and over..................... 6,456 2,518

45–64 years ....................... 3,388 2,120 65 years and over ................... 3,068 398

65–69 years ..................... 1,052 221 70–74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896 106 75 years and over .................. 1,121 72



### 127Characteristic All persons Currently employed persons Family income and age—Con. Number in thousands $25,000–$34,999: All ages ........................... 34,572 17,705 Under 18 years ...................... 9,379 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 2,710 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 6,669 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 15,447 12,938

18–24 years ....................... 2,891 2,246 45 years and over..................... 9,746 4,766

45–64 years ....................... 6,074 4,235 65 years and over ................... 3,673 531

65–69 years ..................... 1,386 325 70–74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,114 139 75 years and over .................. 1,173 68 $35,000 or more: All ages ........................... 100,302 57,847 Under 18 years ...................... 28,046 . . .

Under 5 years ...................... 7,335 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 20,711 . . . 18–44 years ........................ 43,705 37,607

18–24 years ....................... 7,373 5,517 45 years and over..................... 28,551 20,240

45–64 years ....................... 23,402 19,079 65 years and over ................... 5,148 1,160

65–69 years ..................... 2,145 698 70–74 years ..................... 1,454 308 75 years and over .................. 1,549 155 Geographic region and age Northeast: All ages ........................... 50,610 23,587

Under 5 years ...................... 3,823 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 9,159 . . . 18 years and over ................... 37,628 23,587 Midwest: All ages ........................... 63,238 30,935

Under 5 years ...................... 4,897 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 12,177 . . . 18 years and over ................... 46,163 30,935 South: All ages ........................... 88,088 41,869

Under 5 years ...................... 6,700 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 16,752 . . . 18 years and over ................... 64,636 41,869 West: All ages ........................... 57,697 26,537

Under 5 years ...................... 5,060 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 11,456 . . . 18 years and over ................... 41,181 26,537 Characteristic All persons Currently employed persons Place of residence and age Number in thousands MSA2: All ages ........................... 203,079 97,016

Under 5 years ...................... 16,561 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 38,652 . . . 18 years and over. ................... 147,867 97,016 Central city: All ages ........................... 79,510 36,280

Under 5 years ...................... 6,723 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 14,514 . . . 18 years and over..................... 58,272 36,280 Not central city: All ages ........................... 123,570 60,737

Under 5 years ...................... 9,838 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 24,138 . . . 18 years and over. ................... 89,594 60,737 Not MSA2: All ages ........................... 56,554 25,911

Under 5 years. ..................... 3,920 . . . 5–17 years ........................ 10,893 . . . 18 years and over. ................... 41,741 25,911



### 128 Table 78. Number of persons of all ages and number of currently employed persons 18 years of age and over, by sociodemographic characteristics: United States, 1994—Con. [Data are based on household interviews of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The survey design, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of the estimates are given in appendix I. Definitions of terms are given in appendix II]

1Includes other races and unknown family income. 2MSA is metropolitan statistical area. NOTES: The standard errors (SE’s) and relative standard errors (RSE’s) for currently employed persons, family income and age, geographic region and age, and place of residence and age can be computed by using parameter set X of table II and the formula presented in rule 1 of appendix I. An estimate of 384,000 has a 10-percent RSE; of 96,000, a 20-percent RSE; and of 43,000, a 30-percent RSE.

# Appendixes

Contents I. Technical notes on methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Statistical design of the NHIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Collection and processing of data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Estimation procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Types of estimates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Reliability of the estimates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 II. Definitions of certain terms used in this report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Terms relating to conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Terms relating to disability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Terms relating to persons injured. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Terms relating to accidents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Terms relating to physician contacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Terms relating to hospitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Demographic terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 III. Questionnaires and flashcards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Appendix tables I. The 60 poststratification age-sex-race cells in the National Health Interview Survey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 II. Estimated standard error parameters and 30-percent relative standard error (RSE) cutoff points for the National Health Interview Survey, 1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

129

# Appendix I Technical notes on methods

BackgroundThis report is one of a series of statistical reports published by the staff of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). It is based on information collected in a continuing nationwide sample of households included in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Data are obtained on the personal, sociodemographic, and health characteristics of the family members and unrelated individuals living in these households. Field operations for the survey are conducted by the U.S. Bureau of the Census under specifications established by NCHS. The U.S. Bureau of the Census participates in thesurvey planning, selects the sample, and conducts the interviews. The data are then transmitted to NCHS for preparation, processing, and analysis. Summary reports and reports on special topics for each year’s data are prepared by the staff of the Division of Health Interview Statistics for publication in Series 10 publications of NCHS. Data are also tabulated for other reports published byNCHS staff and for use by other organizations and by researchers within and outside the Government. Since 1969, public use tapes have been prepared for each year of data collection. Public use micro-data also are available on compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) for 1987–92, and will be available for later years in the future. It should be noted that the health characteristics described by the NHIS estimates pertain only to the resident, civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States living at the time of the interview. The sample does not include persons residing in nursing homes, members of the armed forces, institutionalized persons, or U.S. nationals living abroad. 

# Statistical design of the NHIS General design Data from the NHIS have been collected continuously since 1957. The sample design of the survey has undergonechanges following each decennial census. This periodic redesign of the NHIS sample allows the incorporation of the latest population information and statistical methodology into the survey design. The data presented in this report are from the NHIS sample design first used in 1985. This design will be used until 1995. The sample design plan of the NHIS follows a multistage probability design that permits a continuous sampling of the civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the United States. The survey is designed in such a way that the samplescheduled for each week is representative of the target population, and the weekly samples are additive over time. This design permits estimates for high-frequency measures or for large population groups to be produced from a short period of data collection. Estimates for low-frequency measures or for smaller population subgroups can be obtained from a longer period of data collection. The annual sample is designed so that tabulations can be provided for each of the four major geographic regions. Because interviewing is done throughout the year, there is no seasonal bias for annual estimates. The continuous data collection also has administrative and operational advantages because fieldwork can be handled on a continuing basis with an experienced, stable staff. Sample selectionThe target population for the NHIS is the civilian noninstitutionalized population residing in the United States. For the first stage of the sample design, the United States is consideredto be a universe composed of approximately 1,900 geographically defined primary sampling units (PSU’s). A PSU consistsof a county, small group of contiguous counties, or a metropolitan statistical area. The PSU’s collectively cover the 50 States and the District of Columbia. The 52 largest PSU’s are selected into the sample with certainty and are referred to as self-representing PSU’s. The other PSU’s in the universe are referred to as non-self-representing PSU’s. These PSU’s are clustered into 73 strata, and 2 sample PSU’s are chosen from each stratum with probability proportional to population size. This gives a total of 198 PSU’s selected in the first stage. Within a PSU, two types of second stage units are used: area segments and permit area segments. Area segments aredefined geographically and contain an expected eight households. Permit area segments cover geographical areas containing housing units built after the 1980 census. The permit area segments are defined using updated lists of building permits issued in the PSU since 1980 and contain an expected four households. Within each segment all occupied households are targeted for interview. On occasion, a sample segment may contain a large number of households. In this situation the households are subsampled to provide a manageable interviewer workload. 130

## The sample was designed so that a typical NHIS sample for the data collection years 1985 to 1995 will consist of approximately 7,500 segments containing about 59,000 assigned households. Of these households, an expected 10,000 will be vacant, demolished, or occupied by persons not in the target population of the survey. The expected sample of 49,000 occupied households will yield a probability sample of about 127,000 persons. Features of the NHIS sample redesign Starting in 1985, the NHIS design incorporated several new design features (7). The major changes include the following: 1. The use of an all-area frame. The NHIS sample is now designed so that it can serve as a sample frame for other NCHS population-based surveys. In previous NHIS designs about two-thirds of the sample was obtained from lists of addresses compiled at the time of the decennial census; that is, a list frame. Due to U.S. Bureau of the Census confidentiality restrictions, these sample addresses could be used for only those surveys being conducted by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The methodology used to obtain addresses in the 1985 NHIS area frame does not use the census address lists. The sample addresses thus obtained can be used as a sampling frame for other NCHS surveys. 2. The NHIS has four panels. Four national subdesigns, or panels, constitute the full NHIS. Each panel contains arepresentative sample of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. Each of the four panels has the same sampling properties, and any combination of panels defines a national design. Panels were constructed to facilitate the linkage of the NHIS to other surveys and also to efficiently make large reductions in the size of the sample by eliminating panels from the survey.In 1994 the sample consisted of 8,598 segments containing 60,628 assigned households. Of the 48,584 households eligible for interview, 45,705 households were actually interviewed, resulting in a sample of 116,179 persons. 3. The oversampling of black persons. One of the goals in designing the current NHIS was to improve the precision of estimates for black persons. This was accomplished by the use of differential sampling rates in PSU’s withbetween about 5- and 50-percent black population. Sampling rates for selection of segments were increased in areas known to have the highest concentrations of black persons. Segment sampling rates were decreased in other areas within the PSU to ensure that the total sample in each PSU was the same size as it would have been without oversampling black persons. 4. The reduction of the number of sampled PSU’s. Interviewer travel to sample PSU’s constitutes a large component of the total field costs for the NHIS. The previous NHIS design included 376 PSU’s. Research showed that reducing the number of sample PSU’s while increasing the sample size within PSU’s would reduce travel costs and also maintain the reliability of health estimates. The design now contains 198 PSU’s. 5. The selection of two PSU’s per non-self-representing stratum. In the previous design, one PSU was selected fromeach non-self-representing stratum. This feature necessitated the use of less efficient variance estimation procedures; the selection of two PSU’s allows more efficient variance estimation methodology. 

# Collection and processing of data The NHIS questionnaire contains two major parts. The first part consists of topics that remain relatively the same from year to year. Among these topics are the incidence of acute conditions, the prevalence of chronic conditions, persons limited in activity due to chronic conditions, restriction in activity due to impairment or health problems, and utilization of health care services involving physician care and short-stay hospitalization. Occasionally new questions are incorporated into the main questionnaire. Since 1985, questions that ask the household members’ city and State of birth, social security number, and father’s last name have been included. In 1989, questions were added that ask the location (city, county, and State) of any physician contact whether by telephone or in person; and for household members born in the United States, how many years they have lived in the State of residence, and for household members born in a foreign country, how many years they have lived in the United States. In 1992, a question was added for persons 12–21 years of age asking whether they were either now going to school or on vacation from school. Although this question was retained in 1993, no data were collected and the question was deleted in 1994. In 1992, race was expanded into 15 detailed racial groupings and included an ‘‘other race’’ category. In 1994 this question was moved within section L from question 3 to question 4. In 1992, theHispanic origin questions were moved from section L (questions 4a and 4b) to section A (questions 4e and 4f), and in 1994 they were moved to section L (questions 3a and 3b). In 1992, questions were added that asked about the Hispanic oversample’s reference person or family members’ status of previous year’s residence (section A, questions 4g and 4h). Although these questions were retained in 1993, there was no Hispanic oversampling and no data were collected for these questions. They were deleted in 1994. In 1993, the NHIS added E-coding (Supplementary Classification of External Causes of Injury and Poisoning) for injuries including medical and therapeutic misadventures. Beginning in 1994, a question was added asking if there were a working telephone inside the home. The second part of the NHIS consists of special topics added as supplements to each year’s questionnaire. Beginning in August 1987, a special set of supplemental questions on the adult population’s knowledge and attitudes about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was added to the NHIS using Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI). A copy of the most recent questionnaire, not included in Current Estimates prior to 1989, is shown in appendix III. Careful procedures are followed to assure the quality of data collected in the interview. Most households in the sample are contacted by mail before the interviewers arrive. Potential 131

## respondents are informed of the importance of the survey and assured that all information obtained in the interview will be held in strict confidence. Interviewers make repeated trips to a household when a respondent is not immediately found. The success of these procedures is indicated by the response rate for the survey, which has been between 94 and 98 percent over the years. When contact is made, the interviewer attempts to have all family members of the household 19 years of age and over present during the interview. When this is not possible, proxy responses for absent adult family members are accepted. In most situations, proxy respondents are used for persons under 19 years of age. Persons 17 and 18 years of age may respond for themselves, however. Interviewers undergo extensive training and retraining. The quality of their work is checked by means of periodic observation and by reinterview. Their work is also evaluated by statistical studies of the data they obtain in their interviews. A field edit is performed on all completed interviews so that ifthere are any problems with the information on the questionnaire, respondents may be recontacted to solve the problem. Completed questionnaires are sent from the U.S. Bureau of the Census field offices to NCHS for coding and editing. To ensure the accuracy of coding, a 5-percent sample of all questionnaires is recoded and keyed by other coders. A 100-percent verification procedure is used if certain error tolerances are exceeded. Staff of the Division of Health Interview Statistics then edit the files to remove impossible and inconsistent codes.The interview, fieldwork, and data processing procedures summarized above are described in detail in Series 1, No. 18 (8). 

# Estimation procedures Because the design of the NHIS is a complex multistage probability sample, it is necessary to reflect these complex procedures in the derivation of estimates (7). The estimates presented in this report are based upon 1994 sample person counts weighted to produce national estimates. The weight for each sample person is the product of four component weights: 1. Probability of selection. The basic weight for each personis obtained by multiplying the reciprocals of the probabilities of selection at each step in the design: PSU, segment, and household. 2. Household nonresponse adjustment within segment. In the NHIS, interviews are completed in about 96 percent of all eligible households. Because of household nonresponse, aweighting adjustment is required. The nonresponse adjustment weight is a ratio with the number of households in a sample segment as the numerator and the number of households actually interviewed in that segment as the denominator. This adjustment reduces bias in an estimateto the extent that persons in the noninterviewed households have the same characteristics as the persons in the interviewed households in the same segment. 3. First-stage ratio adjustment. The weight for persons in the non-self-representing PSU’s is ratio adjusted to the 1980population within four race-residence classes of the nonself-representing strata within each geographic region. 4. Poststratification by age-sex-race. Within each of 60 agesex-race cells (table I), a weight is constructed each quarter to ratio adjust the first-stage population estimate based on the NHIS to an independent estimate of the population of each cell. These independent estimates are prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the Census and are updated quarterly. The main effect of the ratio-estimating process is to make the sample more closely representative of the target populationby age, sex, race, and residence. The poststratification adjustment helps to reduce the component of bias resulting from sampling frame undercoverage; furthermore, this adjustment frequently reduces sampling variance. 

# Types of estimates As noted, the NHIS data were collected on a weekly basis, with each week’s sample representing the resident, civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States living during that week. The weekly samples are consolidated to produce quarterly files (each consisting of data for 13 weeks). Weights to adjust the data to represent the U.S. population are assigned to each of the four quarterly files. These quarterly files are later consolidated to produce the annual file, which is the basis of most tabulations of the NHIS data. The NHIS uses various reference periods to reduce the amount of bias associated with respondent memory loss. A 2-week reference period is used in collecting data on the incidence of acute conditions, restriction in activity due to ahealth problem, and physician contacts. Each of these measures health events that may be forgotten soon after they occur. Examples of such events are telephoning a physician about a minor illness, missing a day from work because of a Table I. The 60 poststratification age-sex-race cells in the National Health Interview Survey Age Black All other Male Female Male Female Under 1 year .................... XXXX 1–4 years ...................... XXXX 5–9 years ...................... XXXX 10–14 years .................... XXXX 15–17 years .................... XXXX 18–19 years .................... XXXX 20–24 years .................... XXXX 25–29 years .................... XXXX 30–34 years .................... XXXX 35–44 years .................... XXXX 45–49 years .................... XXXX 50–54 years .................... XXXX 55–64 years .................... XXXX 65–74 years .................... XXXX 75 years and over................. XXXX



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## routine health problem, or having a cold. Either a 12- or 6-month (depending on the type of statistic) reference periodis used for hospitalization data because hospitalization ordinarily involves a major event in a person’s life and is not quickly forgotten. Chronic condition prevalence estimates are based on a 12-month reference period.Because most NHIS estimates based on a 2-week reference period are designed to represent the number of health events for a 12-month period, these data must be adjusted to an annual basis. Data based on a 2-week reference period are multiplied by 6.5 to produce the 13-week estimate for the quarter. These reference period adjustments are made at the time that the quarterly files are produced. Therefore, the data can be used to produce estimates for each quarter and are used that way to study seasonal variation. The data from the four quarterly files (representing the number of events in each quarter) are summed to produce the annual estimate. Although these data are collected for only 2 weeks for each person included in the survey, any unusual event that may have occurred during a particular 2-week period does not bias the estimate because the quarterly estimate is a sum of the estimates produced for each week’s sample during the entire quarter and the annual estimate is the sum of the four quarters. For prevalence statistics, such as the number of persons limited in activity due to chronic conditions, the annual estimate results from summing the weighted quarterly files and dividing by 4. This division is necessary because, as noted above, each quarterly file has been weighted to produce an estimate of the number of persons in the U.S. population with a given characteristic. Summing the four quarters and dividing by 4 in effect averages these quarterly results for the year. Thus, the type of prevalence estimate ordinarily derived from the NHIS data is an annual average prevalence estimate. For data related to short-stay hospital discharges that are based on a 6-month reference period, cases identified during any quarter of data collection are multiplied by 2 to produce a quarterly estimate of the annual number of characteristics associated with short-stay hospital discharges. The NHIS average annual estimate of hospital discharges is derived by summing the four quarterly estimates and dividing by 4, just as the prevalence estimates are. 

# Reliability of the estimates Because the NHIS estimates are based on a sample, they may differ somewhat from the figures that would have been obtained if a complete census had been taken using the same survey and processing procedures. There are two types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample survey: sampling and nonsampling errors. To the extent possible, these types of errors are kept to a minimum by methods built into the survey procedures described earlier (9). Although it is very difficult to measure the extent of bias in the NHIS, several studies have been conducted to examine this problem. The results have been published in several reports (10–13). Nonsampling errors Interviewing process—Information, such as the number of days of restricted activity caused by the condition, can be obtained more accurately from household members than from any other source because only the persons concerned are in aposition to report this information. However, there are limitations to the accuracy of diagnostic and other information collected in household interviews. For example, for diagnostic information, the household respondent can usually pass on to the interviewer only the information the physician has given to the family. For conditions not medically attended, diagnostic information is often no more than a description of symptoms. Further, a respondent may not answer a question in theintended manner because he or she has not properly understood the question, has forgotten the event, does not know, or does not wish to divulge the answer. Regardless of the type of measure, all the NHIS data are estimates of health measures known to and willingly reported by the respondents. Reference period bias—The NHIS estimates do not represent a complete measure of any given topic during the specified calendar period because data are not collected in the interview for persons who died or became institutionalized during the reference period. For many types of statistics collected in the survey, the reference period is the 2 weeks prior to the interview week. For such a short period, the contribution by decedents to a total inventory of conditions or services should be very small. However, the contribution by decedents during a long reference period (such as 1 year) might be significant, especially for older persons. Underreporting associated with a long reference period is most germane to data on hospitalization. Analysis has shown that there is an increase in underreporting of hospitalizations with an increase in the time interval between the discharge andthe interview. Exclusive of the hospital experience of decedents, the net underreporting using a 12-month recall period is in the neighborhood of 10 percent (14). The underreporting of discharges within 6 months of the week of interview is estimated to be about 5 percent (14). For this reason, hospital discharge data are based on hospital discharges reported to have occurred within 6 months of the week of interview.Because hospitalization is common in the period immediately preceding death or institutionalization and older persons are much more likely to die than younger ones, the data should not be used to estimate the volume of hospitalization of theelderly although the data can be used to measure characteristics of elderly people. It should further be noted that, although the reported frequencies and rates related to hospital episodes are presented by the year in which the data were collected, the estimates are, in most cases, based on hospitalizations that occurred duringthe year of data collection and the prior year. Overall, approximately one-half of the reported hospitalizations for the 12-month reference period occurred in the year prior to the year of data collection. Population estimates —Some of the published tables include population figures for specified categories. Except for overall totals for the 60 age, sex, and race groups, which are adjusted to independent estimates, these figures are based on the sample of households in the NHIS. They are given primarily to provide denominators for rate computation, and for thispurpose they are more appropriate for use with the accompa133

## nying measures of health characteristics than other population data that may be available. With the exception of the overall totals by age, sex, and race mentioned above, the population figures may differ from figures (which are derived from different sources) published in reports of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Official population estimates are presented in U.S. Bureau of the Census reports in Series P-20, P-25, and P-60. The population estimates for 1994 are inflated to national population controls by age, race, and sex. The population controls are based on the 1980 census carried forward to 1994. Therefore, the estimates may differ from 1990 census resultsbrought forward to the survey date. Population controls incorporating census results will be used for survey estimation beginning later in the decade. Rounding of numbers—In published tables, the figures arerounded to the nearest thousand, although they are not necessarily accurate to that detail. Derived statistics, such as rates and percent distributions, are computed after the estimates on which these are based have been rounded to the nearest thousand. Combining data years—To reduce sampling error, data for number of years may be combined. However, in so doing, the questionnaire for each of the years should be checked, because even a small change in the questionnaire design may lead to large changes in the derived estimates. This caution also applies to using the NHIS data on health measures where changes in other events, such as legislative changes, have occurred over time. Sampling errors The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling error, that is, the variations that might occur by chance because only a sample of the population is surveyed. The chances are about 68 in 100 that an estimate from the sample would differ from a complete census by less than the standard error. The chances are about 95 in 100 that the difference would be less than twice the standard error and about 99 in 100 that it would be less than 21⁄2 times as large. Individual standard errors were not computed for each estimate in this report. Instead, standard errors were computed for a broad spectrum of estimates. Regression techniques were then applied to produce equations from which a standard errorfor any estimate can be approximated. The regression equations, represented by parameters a and b, are presented in table II. Also shown are the cutoff values, the estimated number of persons or events below which the relative standard error is greater than 30 percent and estimates do not meet the NHIS standards of statistical reliability. Rules explaining their use are presented in the section below. Because the 1994 estimated standard error parameters and 30-percent relative standard error cutoff points were not available, the data in table II are based on estimates from 1991. Therefore, these estimates of standard error parameters and cutoff points may differ from those that would be derived using the 1994 data. The estimates for 1991 were used because they were based on a full sample and were more comparable than other more recent years because of the different sampling designs used in 1992 and 1993. The reader is cautioned that this procedure will give an approximate standard error of an estimate rather than the precise standard error. The reader is further cautioned that particular care should be exercised when the denominator is small. General rules for determining standard errors To produce approximate standard errors for the NHISestimates, the reader must first determine the type of characteristic to be estimated, that is, the parameter set in table II to be used. The reader must then determine the type of estimate for which the standard error is needed. The type of estimate corresponds to one of five general rules for determining standard errors. Rule 1. Estimated number of people or events—For the estimated number of people or events published in this report, there are two cases to consider. For the first Table II. Estimated standard error parameters and 30-percent relative standard error (RSE) cutoff points for the National Health Interview Survey, 1994 Parameter set Characteristic Estimated parameters 30 percent RSE cutoff

points 1 a b I Number of acute conditions ........................................ 0.000199 73,300 816,000 II Days of restricted activity or bed days ................................. 0.000426 530,000 6,000,000 III Days lost from work or school ...................................... 0.000135 370,000 4,200,000 IV Number of episodes of persons injured ................................. 0.000538 62,000 693,000 V Prevalence of chronic conditions ..................................... –0.000106 14,300 159,000 VI Number of physician contacts based on a 2-week reference period ............... 0.0000819 177,000 2,000,000 VII Hospital days based on a 12-month reference period ........................ 0.00101 58,300 655,000 VIII Hospital discharges based on a 6-month reference period ..................... 0.000134 6,740 75,000 IX Hospital discharge days based on a 6-month reference period .................. 0.00303 99,900 1,200,000 X Population estimates for demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics ...... –0.0000148 3,850 43,000 XI Age-sex-race population based on combining the poststratification cells of table I . . . . . . 0.0 0.0 43,000 1Estimates below the cutoff points have an RSE of more than 30 percent and are considered to be statistically unreliable. NOTE: The 1994 NHIS was based on a full sample. Therefore, 45,705 households were interviewed, resulting in a sample of 116,179 persons. 

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## case, if the estimated number is any combination of the poststratification age-sex-race cells in table I, then its value has been adjusted to official U.S. Bureau of the Census figures and its standard error is assumed to be 0.0. This corresponds to parameter set XI in table II. As an example, this would be the case for the number of persons in the U.S. target population or the number of black persons in the 18–44 year age group. Although the race class ‘‘white’’ is not specifically adjusted to U.S. Bureau of the Census figures, it dominates the poststratification ‘‘all other’’ race class; consequently, age-sex-‘‘all other’’ race combinationsof table I can be treated as age-sex-white combinations for the purpose of approximating standard errors. For the second case, the standard errors for all other estimates of numbers of people or events, such as the number of people limited in activity or the number of acute conditions, are approximated by using the parameters provided in table II and formula 1 below. If the aggregatexfor a characteristic has associated parametersaandb, then the approximate standard error forx, SE( x), can be computed by the formula SE(x)=

# √ax2

## +bx (1) Example of rule 1. As shown in table 7, the estimated number of acute conditions for males is 195,919,000. From table II, parameter set I, theaandbparameters for the numbers of acute conditions are 0.000199 and 73,300, respectively. Using formula 1, the estimated standard error is 

# √(0.000199)(195,919,000)2

## +(73,300)(195,919,000)

=4,690,344 An approximate 95-percent confidence interval for the number of acute conditions for males is from 186,725,926 to 205,112,074 (195,919,000 ± 1.96(4,690,344)). Examples are not provided for rules 2–5 or forapproximating the relative standard error of an estimate. Readers are referred to appendix I ofCurrent Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1992(15) for examples using the 1992 estimates. Rule 2. For rates, proportions, and percents when the denominator is generated by the poststratification age-sexrace classes (table I)—In this case, the denominator has no sampling error. For example, rule 2 would apply to the estimated number of bed days per person for black persons age 65 years and over because the denominator is a combination of the poststratification cells. Approximate standard errors for such estimates can be computed using table IIaandbparameters associated with the numerator characteristics along with formula 2 below. If the estimate of rate, proportion, or percentpis the ratio of two estimated numbers,p=x/Y(wherep may be inflated by 100 for percents or 1,000 for rates per 1,000 persons), withYhaving no sampling error, then the approximate standard error forpis given by the formula SE( p)=p

# √a+b x (2) In this report, the value of the denominatorYis always provided, but in a few cases the numerator valuexis not published. For these cases the value of xmay be computed by the formula

Rule 3. Proportions and percents when the denominator is not generated by the poststratification age-sex-race classes—Ifprepresents an estimated percent,bis the parameter from table II associated with the numerator characteristics, andyis the number of persons in the denominator upon whichpis based, then the standard error ofpmay be approximated by SE( p)=

# √bp(100−p) y (3) (Ifpis a proportion, then the above formula can be used but with 100 replaced by 1.0.) Rule 4. Rates when the denominator is not generated by the poststratification age-sex-race classes—If the estimated ratepis expressed as the ratio of two estimates, p = x/y (inflated by 100 or 1,000 when appropriate), then the estimated standard error forpis given by the formula SE( p) = p

# √SE(x)2 

## x2 

## + SE(y)2 

## y2 

## −2r SE(x) x SE(y) y (4) where SE(x) and SE(y) are computed using rule 1 and xandyare obtained from the tables. No estimates ofr, the correlation between the numerator and denominator, are presented in this report; therefore, only the first two terms are available. The reader must assume thatr=0.0. Assumingr=0.0 will yield an overestimate of the standard error if r is actually positive and an underestimate ifr is negative. Rule 5. Difference between two statistics (mean, rate, total, and proportion)—Ifx1

## andx2

## are two estimates, then the standard error of the difference ( x1

## −x2

## ) can be computed as follows: x=

# { pY ifpis a proportion or rate per unit or pY 100 ifpis a percent or rate per 100 units or pY 1,000 ifpis a rate per 1,000 units

135

## SE(x1

## −x2

## ) =

# √ SE( x1

## )2

## +SE( x2

## )2



## −2rSE(x1

## )SE( x2

## )

(5) where SE(x1

## ) and SE( x2

## ) are computed using rules 1–4 as appropriate andris the correlation coefficient betweenx1

## and x2

## . Assuming r = 0.0 will result in an accuratestandard error if the two estimates are actually uncorrelated and will result in an overestimate of the standard error if the correlation is positive or an underestimate if the correlation is negative. Relative standard errors Prior to 1985, relative standard error (RSE) curves were present inCurrent Estimatesfor approximating relative standard errors. For readers who wish to continue using them, the following provides guidance. The RSE of an estimate is obtained by dividing the standard error (SE) of the estimate by the estimatexitself. This quantity is expressed as a percent of the estimate: RSE=100SE(x) x

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# Appendix II Definitions of certain terms used in this report

Terms relating to conditions Condition—Condition is a general term that includes any specific illness, injury, or impairment. Condition data are derived from the survey in two ways. First, respondents are asked to identify any conditions that caused certain types of impact associated with health, such as a visit to a doctor or a day spent in bed. Second, respondents are read lists of selected chronic conditions and asked whether they or any family members have any of these conditions. At a later point in the survey, a series of questions is asked about each of the conditions identified in either of the twoways just described. The information obtained on each condition helps to clarify the nature of the condition and whether medical services have been involved in its diagnosis or treatment. It also aids in the coding of the condition. All conditions except impairments are coded according to the ninth revision of theInternational Classification of Diseases (2), with certain modifications adopted to make the codes more suitable for information derived from a household survey. A special set of codes devised by the NHIS is used to code impairments. Chronic condition—A condition is considered chronic if (a) the respondent indicates it was first noticed more than 3 months before the reference date of the interview, or (b) it is a type of condition that ordinarily has a duration of more than 3 months. Examples of conditions that are considered chronic regardless of their time of onset are diabetes, heart conditions, emphysema, and arthritis. A complete list of these conditionsmay be obtained by contacting the Division of Health Interview Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics. Impairment —An impairment is a chronic or permanent defect, usually static in nature, that results from disease, injury, or congenital malformation. It represents a decrease in or loss of ability to perform various functions, particularly those of the musculoskeletal system and the sense organs. Impairments are grouped according to type of functional impairment and etiology in the special NHIS impairment codes. Acute condition—A condition is considered acute if (a) it was first noticed no longer than 3 months before the reference date of the interview, and (b) it is not one of the conditions considered chronic regardless of the time of onset. (See definition of chronic condition.) However, any acute condition not associated with either at least one doctor visit or at least one day of restricted activity during the reference period is considered to be of minor consequence and is excluded from the final data produced by the survey. Onset of condition—A condition is considered to have had its onset when it was first noticed. This could be the time the person first felt sick or became injured, or it could be the time the person or family was first told by a physician that the person had a condition of which he or she had been previously unaware. Incidence of conditions—The incidence of a condition is the number of cases that had their onset during a specified period of time. A person may have more than one acute condition during a period of time or may have the same condition, such as a headache, more than once. Ordinarily, however, a chronic condition can begin only one time during a given reference period. Prevalence of conditions—The prevalence of a condition is the number of persons who have the condition at a given point in time. Although the prevalence of acute conditions is a meaningful concept, it is seldom used in health statistics, which generally focus on the incidence of acute conditions. If the prevalence of a chronic condition is measured during a period of time (say, each week during a year), then the resulting estimate of prevalence is an average of 52 weekly prevalence estimates. This is called an average annual point prevalence estimate. 

# Terms relating to disability Disability—Disability is a general term that refers to any long- or short-term reduction of a person’s activity as a result of an acute or chronic condition.Limitation of activityrefers to a long-term reduction in a person’s capacity to perform the average kind or amount of activities associated with his or her age group.Restriction of activityrefers to particular kinds of behavior usually associated with a reduction in activity due toeither long- or short-term conditions. Thus limitation of activity refers to what a person is generally capable of doing, butrestriction of activity ordinarily refers to a relatively shortterm reduction in a person’s activities below his or her normal capacity. Limitation of activity because of chronic conditions

— Persons are classified in terms of the major activity usually associated with their particular age group. The major activities for the age groups are (a) ordinary play for children under 5 years of age, (b) attending school for those 5–17 years of age, (c) working or keeping house for persons 18–69 years of age, 137

## and (d) capacity for independent living (e.g., the ability to bathe, shop, dress, eat, and so forth, without needing the help of another person) for those 70 years of age and over. People aged 18–69 years who are classified as keeping house are also classified by their ability to work at a job or business. (In this report, the major activity of persons 65–69 years is assumed to be working or keeping house; however, questions were also asked about the capacity for independent living in this agegroup, which would permit an alternative definition of limitation.) In regard to these activities, each person is classified into one of four categories: (a) unable to perform the major activity, (b) able to perform the major activity but limited in the kind or amount of this activity, (c) not limited in the major activity but limited in the kind or amount of other activities, and (d) not limited in any way. In regard to these four categories, the NHIS publications often classify persons only by whether they are limited (groups a–c) or not limited (group d). Persons are not classified as limited in activity unless one or more chronic conditions are reported as the cause of the activity limitation. If more than one condition is reported, the respondent is asked to identify the condition that is the major cause of the limitation. Restriction of activity—Four types of restricted activity are measured in the NHIS: bed days, work-loss days for currently employed persons 18 years of age and over,schoolloss daysfor children 5–17 years of age, andcut-down days. Abed dayis one during which a person stayed in bed more than half a day because of illness or injury. All hospital days for inpatients are considered bed days even if the patient was not in bed more than half a day. Awork-loss dayis one on which a currently employed person 18 years of age and over missed more than half a day from a job or business. Aschool-loss dayis one on which a student 5–17 years of age missed more than half a day from the school in which he or she was currently enrolled. Acut-down dayis a day on which a person cuts down for more than half a day on the things he or she usually does. Work-loss, school-loss, and cut-down days refer to the short-term effects of illness or injury. However, bed days are a measure of both long- and short-term disability, because a chronically ill bedridden person and a person with a cold could both report having spent more than half a day in bed due to an illness. The number of restricted-activity days is the number of days a person experienced at least one of the four types of activity restriction just described. It is the most inclusive measure of disability days and the least descriptive; 4 days of restricted activity may mean 4 bed days associated with serious illness or 4 days during which a person merely cut down on his or her activities due to a mild illness. A single restricted-activity day may involve both a bed day and a work-loss or school-loss day. However, a cut-down day cannot overlap with any of these three types of disability days. In calculating the sum of restricted-activity days, each day is counted only once even if more than one type of activity restriction was involved. Restricted-activity days may be associated with either persons or conditions. Person daysare the number of days during which a person restricted his or her activity.Condition daysare the number of days during which a condition caused a person to restrict his or her activity. A person day of restricted activity can be caused by more than one condition. In such a case, each condition causing restriction is associated with that day of restricted activity. Therefore, the number of condition days of restricted activity may exceed the number of person days of restricted activity. This relationship holds for each type of restricted-activity day. When two or more conditions result in a day of restricted activity, the conditions may be (a) both (all) acute, (b) one (some) acute and the other (some) chronic, or (c) both (all) chronic. The number of restricted-activity days associated with acute conditions includes groups (a) and (b); the number of such days associated with chronic conditions includes groups (b) and (c). The phrase ‘‘associated with’’ rather than ’’caused by’’ is used to indicate that some days associated with acute or chronic conditions are not necessarily caused solely by that type of condition. Assessed health status—The categories related to this concept result from asking the respondent, ‘‘Would you say ’s health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ As such, it is based on a respondent’s opinion and not directly on any clinical evidence. 

# Terms relating to persons injured Injury condition —An injury condition, or simply an injury, is a condition of the type that is classified according to the nature-of-injury code numbers (800–999) in the ninth revision of theInternational Classification of Diseases(2). In addition to fractures, lacerations, contusions, burns, and so forth, which are commonly thought of as injuries, this group of codes includes poisonings and impairments caused by accidents or nonaccidental violence. Unless otherwise specified, the term injury is used to cover all of these. A person may sustain more than one injury in a single accident (for instance, a broken leg and laceration of the scalp), so the number of injury conditions may exceed the number of persons injured. Statistics of acute injury conditions include only injuries that involved medical attendance or at least a half day of restricted activity. E-codes and place of occurrence—Beginning in 1993, the NHIS began collecting additional data to create detailedcause-of-injury classifications called ‘‘E-codes’’ (Supplementary Classification of External Causes of Injury and Poisoning) for injuries, poisonings, and other adverse medical reactions along with place of occurrence. Episodes of persons injured —Each time a person is involved in an accident or nonaccidental violence causing injury that results in medical attention or at least a half day of restricted activity, it is counted as a separate episode of a person injured. Therefore, one person may account for more than one episode of a person injured. 138

## The number of episodes of persons injured is not equivalent to the number of accidents for several reasons: (a) the term ‘‘accident’’ as commonly used may not involve injury at all; (b) more than one injured person may be involved in a single accident, so the number of accidents resulting in injury would be less than the number of persons injured in accidents; and (c) the term ‘‘accident’’ ordinarily implies an accidental origin, whereas ‘‘persons injured’’ as used in the NHISincludes persons whose injuries resulted from certain nonaccidental violence. The number of episodes of persons injured in a specified time interval is equal to or less than the incidence of injury conditions because a person may incur more than one injury in a single accident. 

# Terms relating to accidents Motor vehicle—A motor vehicle is any mechanically or electrically powered device, not operated on rails, on which or by which a person or property can be transported or drawn on a land highway. Any object being towed by a motor vehicle (such as a trailer, coaster, sled, or wagon) is considered a part of the motor vehicle. Devices used solely for moving persons or materials within the confines of a building and its premises are not counted as motor vehicles. Moving motor vehicle accident —An accident is classified as ‘‘moving motor vehicle’’ if at least one of the motor vehicles involved in the accident was moving at the time of the accident. This category is divided into ‘‘traffic’’ and ‘‘nontraffic’’ accidents. Traffıc moving motor vehicle accident —An accident is in the ‘‘traffic’’ category if it occurred on a public street or highway. It is considered to have occurred on the highway if it occurred wholly on the highway, originated on the highway, terminated on the highway, or involved a vehicle partially on the highway. (See ‘‘street or highway.’’) Nontraffıc moving motor vehicle accident —The accident is in the ‘‘nontraffic’’ category if it occurred entirely in any place other than a public street or highway. Street or highway—‘‘Street or highway’’ means the entire width between property lines of a way or place, any part of which is open for use of the public as matter of right or custom. This includes more than just the traveled part of the road. ‘‘Street or highway’’ includes the whole right-of-way. Public sidewalks are part of the street, but private driveways, private lanes, private alleys, and private sidewalks are not considered part of the street. Nonmoving motor vehicle accident —If the motor vehicle was not moving at the time of the accident, the accident is considered a ‘‘nonmoving motor vehicle’’ accident and isclassified in the ‘‘other accident’’ category. (See ‘‘other accident.’’) Accident while at work —An accident is classified as ‘‘while at work’’ if the injured person was 18 years of age or over and was at work at a job or business at the time the accident happened. Home accident—An accident is classified as ‘‘home accident’’ if the injury occurred either inside or outside the house. ‘‘Outside the house’’ refers to the yard, building, and sidewalks on the property. ‘‘Home’’ includes not only the person’s own home but also any other home in which the person may have been injured. Industrial place—This category includes factory buildings, railway yards, warehouses, workshops, loading platforms of factories or stores, construction projects (houses, buildings,bridges, new roads, and the like), as well as buildings undergoing remodeling. However, accidents in private homes undergoing remodeling are classified as home accidents. Other accident —This category includes injuries in public places (such as tripping and falling in a store or on a public sidewalk) and also nonaccidental injuries such as homicidal and suicidal attempts. The survey does not cover the military population, but current disability of various types resulting from prior injury that occurred while the person was in the armed forces is covered and is included in this class. 

# Terms relating to physician contacts Physician contact —A physician contact is defined as consultation with a physician, in person or by telephone, forexamination, diagnosis, treatment, or advice. (Physician contacts with hospital inpatients are not included.) The contact is considered to be a physician contact if the service is provided directly by the physician or by a nurse or other person acting under a physician’s supervision. For the purpose of this definition, ‘‘physician’’ includes doctors of medicine and osteopathic physicians. The term ‘‘doctor’’ is used in the interview rather than ‘‘physician’’ because of popular usage. However, the concept toward which all instructions are directed is that which is described here. Physician contacts for services provided on a mass basis are not included in the tabulations. A service received on a mass basis is defined as any service involving only a single test (such as a test for diabetes) or a single procedure (such as a measles inoculation) when this single service is administered identically to all persons who are at the place for this purpose. Hence obtaining a chest x ray in a tuberculosis chest x-ray trailer is not included as a physician contact. However, a special chest x ray given in a physician’s office or in an outpatient clinic is considered a physician contact. If a physician is called to a house to see more than one person, the call is considered a separate physician contact for each person about whom the physician is consulted. A physician contact is associated with the person about whom the advice is sought, even if that person does not actually see or consult the physician. For example, if a mother consults a physician about one of her children, the physician contact is ascribed to the child. Place of contact —The place of contact is a classification of the type of place at which a physician contact took place. The definitions of the various categories are as follows: Telephone.Refers to medically related matters discussedin a telephone call with a physician or physician’s assistant. Calls for nonmedically related matters (such as for an appointment) are not included. 139

## Offıce.Refers to physician offices that are not located in a hospital. Hospital. Involves three types of places in a hospital: emergency room, clinic, and doctor’s office. Other. Any place not classified into one of the three categories specified above, including clinics and HMO’s not located in hospitals. Interval since last physician contact —The interval since the last physician contact is the length of time prior to the week of interview since a physician was last consulted in person or by telephone for treatment or advice of any type whatever. A physician contact with a hospital inpatient can be counted as the last time a physician was seen even though it is not included in the ‘‘physician contact’’ category. 

# Terms relating to hospitalization Hospital —For this survey, a hospital is defined as any institution either (a) named in the listing of hospitals in the currentAmerican Hospital Association Guide to the Health Care Fieldor (b) found on the Master Facility Inventory List maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics. Short-stay hospital —A short-stay hospital is one in which the type of service provided is general; maternity; eye, ear, nose, and throat; children’s; or osteopathic; or it may be the hospital department of an institution. Hospital day—A hospital day is a day on which a person is confined to a hospital. It is counted as a hospital day only if the patient stays overnight. Thus a patient who enters the hospital on Monday afternoon and leaves Wednesday noon is considered to have had two hospital days. Hospital days during the year —The number of hospital days during the year is the total number for all hospital episodes in the 12-month period prior to the interview week. For the purposes of this estimate, episodes overlapping the beginning or end of the 12-month period are subdivided so that only those days falling within the period are included. Hospital episode—A hospital episode is any continuous period of stay of 1 night or more in a hospital as an inpatient except the period of stay of a well newborn infant. A hospital episode is recorded for a family member whenever any part of that person’s hospital stay is included in the 12-month period prior to the interview week. Hospital discharge—A hospital discharge is the completion of any continuous period of stay of 1 night or more in a hospital as an inpatient except the period of stay of a well newborn infant. A hospital discharge is recorded whenever a present member of the household is reported to have been discharged from a hospital in the 12-month period prior to the interview week. (Estimates were based on discharges that occurred during the 6-month period prior to the interview.) Length of hospital stay—The length of hospital stay is the duration in days, exclusive of the day of discharge, of a hospital discharge. (See ‘‘hospital discharge.’’) Average length of stay—The average length of stay per discharged patient is computed by dividing the total number of hospital days for a specified group by the total number of discharges for that group. 

# Demographic terms Age—The age recorded for each person is the age at last birthday. Age is recorded in single years and grouped in a variety of distributions depending on the purpose of the table. Geographic region—For the purpose of classifying the population by geographic area, the States are grouped into four regions. These regions, which correspond to those used by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, are as follows: Region States included Northeast Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Midwest Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Kansas, and Nebraska. South Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas. West Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, Alaska, and Hawaii. Place of residence—The place of residence of a member of the civilian noninstitutionalized population is classified as inside a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) or outside an MSA. Place of residence inside an MSA is further classified as either central city or not central city. Metropolitan statistical area—The definition and titles of MSA’s are established by the U.S. Office of Management andBudget with the advice of the Federal Committee on Metropolitan Statistical Areas. Generally speaking, an MSA consists of a county or group of counties containing at least one city (or twin cities) having a population of 50,000 or more plus adjacent counties that are metropolitan in character and are economically and socially integrated with the central city. In New England, towns and cities rather than counties are the units used in defining MSA’s. There is no limit to the number of adjacent counties included in the MSA as long as they are integrated with the central city, nor is an MSA limited to asingle State; boundaries may cross State lines. The metropolitan population in this report is based on MSA’s as defined in the 1980 census and does not include any subsequent additions or changes. Central city of an MSA—The largest city in an MSA is always a central city. One or two additional cities may be secondary central cities in the MSA on the basis of either of the following criteria: 1. The additional city or cities must have a population one-third or more of that of the largest city and a minimum population of 25,000. 2. The additional city or cities must have at least 250,000 inhabitants. 140

## Not central city of an MSA—This includes all of the MSA that is not part of the central city itself. Not in MSA—This includes all other places in the country. Race—The population was divided into three racial groups: ‘‘white,’’ ‘‘black,’’ and ‘‘all other.’’ ‘‘All other’’ included Aleut, Eskimo or American Indian, Asian or Pacific Islander, and any other race not listed separately. Since 1992, the NHIS has expanded race into 15 detailed racial groupings and an ‘‘other race’’ category (see appendix III, section L, question4a). Race characterization is based on the respondent’s description of his or her racial background. Income of family or of unrelated individuals—Each member of a family is classified according to the total income of the family of which he or she is a member. Within thehousehold, all persons related to each other by blood, marriage, or adoption constitute a family. Unrelated individuals are classified according to their own incomes. The income recorded is the total of all income received by members of the family (or by an unrelated individual) in the 12-month period preceding the week of interview. Income from all sources—for example, wages, salaries, rents from property, pensions, government payments, and help from relatives—is included. Currently employed —Persons 18 years of age and over who reported that at any time during the 2-week period covered by the interview they either worked at or had a job or business are currently employed. Current employment includes paid work as an employee of someone else; self-employment in business, farming, or professional practice; and unpaidwork in a family business or farm. Persons who were temporarily absent from a job or business because of a temporary illness, vacation, strike, or bad weather are considered as currently employed if they expected to work as soon as the particular event causing the absence no longer existed. Freelance workers are considered currently employed if they had a definite arrangement with one employer or more to work for pay according to a weekly or monthly schedule, either full time or part time. Excluded from the currently employed population are persons who have no definite employment schedule but work only when their services are needed. Also excluded from thecurrently employed population are (a) persons receiving revenue from an enterprise but not participating in its operation, (b) persons doing housework or charity work for which they received no pay, (c) seasonal workers during the portion of the year they were not working, and (d) persons who were not working, even though having a job or business, but were on layoff and looking for work. The number of currently employed persons estimated from the NHIS will differ from the estimates prepared from the Current Population Survey (CPS) of the U.S. Bureau of the Census for several reasons. In addition to sampling variability they include three primary conceptual differences, namely: 1. The NHIS estimates are for persons 18 years of age and over; CPS estimates are for persons 16 years of age and over. 2. The NHIS uses a 2-week reference period, while CPS uses a 1-week reference period. 3. The NHIS is a continuing survey with separate samples taken weekly; CPS is a monthly sample taken for the survey week which includes the 12th of the month. The most detailed operational definitions of all of these terms are found in theNHIS Field Representative’s Manual (16). Instructions are given in the manual on how problem cases associated with each concept are to be handled.

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