# Patent

## Title
Safety grate cover for a swimming pool

## Abstract

A grate cover in combination with a swimming pool being installed in a recess in the top of a sump. The grate is formed of an upper and a lower section. The upper section exhibits four squares or four triangles therein, The upper section has a dome-shaped configuration and has four square or triangular shapes therein, depending on the geometric division therein, each shape has openings therein. The lower section has four trapezoid shapes therein. Each of the shapes of the upper section, whether square or triangular, has a concave surface curvature therein at a transition between the upper and the lower section. Each of the trapezoids of the lower section has two concave surfaces- curvatures therein. One curvature extends in a first direction from the upper section toward an outside edge of grate cover. The other second concave curvature extends in a direction which is normal to the first direction. This way, the forceful suction within the sump cannot obtain enough force to suction the skin of a human onto the grate cover to cause any injuries. The curvatures in the top of the grate cover will always induce a lateral flow under a human body no matter how much of the grate is covered by the body.

## Background
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 13/317,013, filed on Oct. 7, 2011 and published as 20120144578, on Jun. 14, 2012. The contents of application Ser. No. 13/317,013 are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Most all swimming pools have a drainage sump located mostly in the deep end bottom for draining the pool when necessary and also for participating in the circulation of the pool water which is circulating through the filter system. Other pool systems are known as wading pools or Jacuzzis.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The above mentioned pools have a sump in the lowest point of the pool and is of a pot-like configuration and has a grating installed over the opening of the sump to prevent any of the larger debris or children's toys from entering into the sump and to prevent any human limbs or larger areas of the human body to make contact with the considerable suction force in the bottom of the sump to avoid any injuries. The considerable suction in the bottom of the sump creates quite a forceful suction on the top of the grate that covers the sump. It has been known that many injuries have occurred to a human being suctioned onto the sump cover without being able to extricate him or herself without any help. Most of the sump covers known in the art have , a flat surface thereon and the covers have many interstices therein to catch anything on the flat surface thereon while the water is suctioned into the sump. It has been found, in many instances, the force of the suction is of such intensity so that a human body can be trapped on top of the cover and the body of the person cannot be removed unless emergency procedures are undertaken.
Steps have been taken alleviate a person from being sucked onto the cover. The above identified application has almost solved the problem by making the cover in a dome-shaped configuration. This way, no flat surfaces are presented to any part of the human body to thereby eliminate any chance of being sucked onto the surface of the grate cover.
Other constructions have taken a different approach to this problem by having a sensor installed in the water suction line that would sense any increase in the force of the suction and after a short delay would cut off the suction. However, this approach has the disadvantage that by the time the increase in suction is being sensed, the person is already pulled down by the force of the suction and still could obtain a serious injury.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As mentioned above, this invention is a Continuation-In-Part of a prior application. The prior application has a dome-shaped grate cover covering the sump. Since this dome-shaped grate cover is almost fool-proof with regard to any injuries, the present inventive concept is a further improvement over the prior grate cover. The present invention still has a dome-shaped cover but is divided into an upper section and a lower section. The upper section has four squares in one type of geometric division or four triangles in another type of geometric division and each of the squares or triangles has square-shaped interstices or openings and exhibits a surface concave curve at the transition to the lower section. The lower section has four trapezoids, that is, this shape has two parallel sides and two non-parallel sides, and each of the trapezoids has a first surface concave curve extending in a direction toward the outside of the cover and furthermore has a second concave curve in a direction which is normal to the direction of the first concave curve. This arrangement assures that there is never a chance of any part of the human body being suctioned onto the grate cover because of the above curvatures there is always a lateral flow of suctioned water into the sump and under a person being in close contact with the cover.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top view of the inventive grate cover;
FIG. 2 is also a top view of the grate cover but showing a different geometric division of the upper section;
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the grate cover taken along the line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the grate cover taken along the line C-C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the transition between a first square or triangle and a second trapezoid as shown by circle D;
FIG. 6 shows a fastening element at a middle line of the cover as shown by the circle A;
FIG. 7 shows a fastening element at a corner of the cover as shown by the circle F;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a sump in the bottom of the pool;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the various interstices of the pool cover;
FIG. 10 is across section through a wall of the interstices.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a top view of the grate cover having a domed section. The basic cover is in a square configuration and as seen from the center top there are four downwardly sloping squares 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d. There is a transitional area between the upper section and a lower section 2. The transitional area is shown by the circle D and FIG. 4. The lower section 2 again is divided into four trapezoids 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d. A trapezoid has two parallel sides and two non-parallel sides. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the upper section 1 has a multiple of interstices or openings of a square configuration and the second section 2 has oblong or rectangular interstices or openings. The square interstices are held to a minimum of between 8.00 mm and 11.00 mm. This assures that not even a finger of a human hand can be sucked into the sump by way of a forceful suction. The top of the dome-shaped section 1 has a flat location 3 thereon to receive an ID tag which will indicate the exact specification of the grate cover.
FIG. 2 is another top view of the grate having a dome-shaped section. Like, as it is shown in FIG. 1, the basic cover is in a square configuration and as seen from the top, there are four downwardly sloping triangles 1e, 1f, 1g and 1h. The remainder of FIG. 2 is the same as was explained in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the grate cover. The view is taken along line B-B of FIG. 1. This view clearly shows the dome-shaped top section 1 as it tapers downwardly toward the lower section 2. At the transition between the upper section 1 and the lower section 2 there is slight surface concave curve 4 which blends into the lower section 2. The lower section shows a surface concave curve 5 as it curves downwardly toward the outside edge of the cover.
FIG. 4 is another cross sectional of the grate cover. This view is taken along the line C-C of FIG. 1. This view shows a concave surface curve 5a which is parallel to the concave curve 5 that curves downwardly toward the edge 17 of the grate cover.
FIG. 5 is a top view of an area depicted in FIG. 1 by the circle D. This Fig. shows the square interstices 6 of the upper section 1 and the oblong or rectangular openings or interstices 7 of the lower section 2.
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate how the grate cover is fastened to the sump shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 6 shows a fastening element 10 of the grate cover lower section 2 that is located at about the middle line of the grate cover lower section 2 and has an opening 11 therein which is used to pass a fastener there through. In FIG. 7 there is shown a corner 8 of the grate cover having an opening 9 therein which is used to pass a fastener there through into a recess of the sump.
FIG. 8 illustrates a typical sump 12 which is normally of a square configuration although other shapes such as circular or rectangular may also be used. However, the square shape has proven to be most beneficial. The sump 12 has a suction outlet 13 in the bottom. The sump 12 has a recess 14 around its upper periphery which is used to insert the grate cover therein to be flush with the bottom of the pool or Jacuzzi.
FIGS. 9 and 10 show a detailed construction of the walls of the interstices or openings in the grate cover. The walls are shown at 15 and the upper surface of the walls have a reduced profile thereon to form ribs 16. This reduced profile 16 is instrumental in further minimizing the contact that can be had with the skin of a human when coning in contact with the grate cover.
It can now be seen that the pool grate cover is quite superior in performance when compared with the covers known in use including the co-pending application identified above. Experiments and tests have shown that the skin of a human cannot be attracted to the surface of the cover because the contact area is too small and the various curvatures on the top do not allow any areas of the body and the limbs to be attracted to the surface of the grate cover. The various concave curvatures of the top of the cover will always create lateral flows through the interstices and under any area of the human body. The suction force from inside of the sump cannot find enough contact areas to be effective to cause injuries.
This inventive grate cover should be installed in condo polls, apartment complexes, olympic size pools or even pools used in a home environment. The home environment use includes wading pools and the use of a Jacuzzi.

## Claims

1. A pool grate cover,
said grate cover having an outer cover surface with multiple openings, and comprising an upper section, a transition area, and a lower section;
said upper section having four upper section sides, said upper section sides forming a dome-shaped configuration;
said transition area is situated between said upper section and said lower section, wherein said transition area exhibits a surface concave curve with respect to said outer cover surface,
said lower section having four sides, wherein each of said lower section sides is trapezoidal in shape; and
wherein each of said lower section sides has a first lower section surface concave curvature with respect to said outer cover surface and extending in a direction toward an outside edge of said grate cover.

2. The pool grate cover of claim 1, wherein said multiple openings include openings in said upper section that are of a square configuration.

3. The pool grate cover of claim 1 including a flat area on top of said upper section for a reception of information with regard to a specification of said pool grate cover.

4. The pool grate cover of claim 1, wherein said multiple openings include openings in said tower section that are of a rectangular configuration.

5. The pool grate cover of claim 1, wherein said upper section sides and said lower section sides have reduction ribs thereon to minimize contact with skin of a human making contact with said grate cover.

6. The pool grate cover of claim 1, wherein said multiple openings each have a surface dimension between 7 mm to 11 mm.

7. The pool grate cover of claim 1, wherein said multiple openings include openings in said upper section that are of a square configuration, and openings in said lower section that are of a rectangular configuration.

8. The pool grate cover of claim 1, wherein said each of said lower section sides has a second concave curve with respect to said outer cover surface, wherein said second concave curve is in a direct on which is parallel to the direction of said first lower section surface concave curvature.

9. The pool grate cover of claim 1 further comprising:
a plurality of fastening elements;
wherein each of said fastening element defines an opening; and
wherein each said opening is designed for passing a fastener through and into a recess of said sump.

10. A method of installing the pool grate cover of claim 9 in said recess of said sump comprising the following steps:
inserting said pool grate cover into said recess of said sump;
wherein said outer cover surface of said pool grate cover faces away from said sump; and
fastening said pool grate cover to said sump using said fasteners.

11. A pool grate cover comprising:
an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section;
wherein said middle section is between said upper section and said lower section;
wherein said upper section defines an upper section surface;
wherein said upper section surface defines an upper section perimeter;
wherein said upper section perimeter is generally square;
wherein said upper section surface defines a plurality of openings;
wherein said lower section defines lower section surfaces;
wherein each one of said lower section surfaces is delineated by four straight edges;
wherein two of said four straight edges are parallel;
wherein each one of said lower section surfaces is concave;
wherein said lower section surfaces define a plurality of openings;
wherein said middle section defines a middle section surface;
wherein said middle section surface forms a ring between said upper section and said lower section;
wherein said middle section surface is concave;
wherein said middle section surface defines a plurality of openings; and
wherein said pool grate cover is designed for installation in a sump.

12. A pool grate cover in combination with a sump;
said grate cover having an outer cover surface with multiple openings, and comprising an upper section, a transition area, and a lower section;
said upper section having four upper section sides, said upper section sides forming a dome-shaped configuration;
said transition area is situated between said upper section and said lower section, wherein said transition area exhibits a surface concave curve with respect to said outer cover surface;
said lower section having four sides, wherein each of said lower section sides is trapezoidal in shape; and
wherein each of said lower section sides has a first lower section surface concave curvature with respect to said outer cover surface and extending in a direction toward an outside edge of said grate cover.