VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DA

JOB nameZn PA £ SRE PLACE vate _ 29 July 197s
PREPARED BY SCsAW/S OA APPROVED PAGE. ZL oF L
sussect_LLREPLACE Lars sivas PUN Mo. / 69-5

ane7y5 VOLm ceo1i VH 3-02 VH
corse sin 635 7 neo .
Ate 649 s QF s 2°97789 Ky
v0°so Pm a eEtAne 26565705
7 28 SDIe as 2" 965809
536 Tstd .
341 4, _. G+S23 Cp
m 2900 VH ool VM 7+125555 Ve
645 Ts 63° t. L175 A
VObstd os ss1656 2+509886 *
neg at4 $29+*265766
c#4S248 yotw _ ona nena Q
vive vrud
646 625 =
2+342i109 M TEI7I7C€ 29590005 530 ‘st
642 Ts
o:976575 ME 9°92 6°015 To+et5 Pep
22-78 Wd c 26
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"646516 2*649599 0
28-527521 Ww
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70°25 Bsn Ze158322 3949556 ee Pa
5
2.7
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; 665 649
7*158322 2°525822 7577634 Vp
196°4i¢124 J
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2*605551 2*500009 28046357 ¢
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2+563705 oS87426
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665 646
2+569046 7895506

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58 5°952 C


FORE Cod-AN TF OTe (3B
VALENTINE FISt ER & TOMLINSON

cuent £74 FUEL. ace SEATTLE, VW/ASHINGTON “BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) 2 _)s 4 2 Hg
PORT LOCATION XZEMS (GAS TRAVERSE SAMFLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE 22 2° CFM @ 2 5 "HG
vate GLE 25° ano ENT CONDI 10Ns_____ IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps)_¢2___"H20 =__“Hg
OPERATOR/ SS AVS] hb. pemuniny © /408 Poy = PB + Ps £2.f0 ___"s
run no, AE G1b, 6 wit ASSUMED MOISTURE -~ = MAX ViL___"#,0
SAMPLE & METER Box nuMaERS Cog oF ajb. oo” eq 7? ¢ FACTOR Ze Z
METER BOX AH AGAZ Glib. 0 a REF. AP_«3 4
FILTER NO. Acre tant 320. So pf" os sTACk oinenstons# 5/94" area hI 70 _ F2
CLEAN-UP NO. + BLANKS BA ty a rsemtneny co Chat PROBE NOZZLE DIA. AIN; Ay?
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING2ZO_ so_ SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH 2 _nugeR 7 stoe_2.
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES :REAO WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL |
CLOCK ELA. | ORY GAS METER ORY GAS, TEMP. BOX JIMPINGEIY POINT | PITOT VH | ORIFICE AH PUMP stack | opacity | >
TIME TIME (°F) TEMP. | TEMP. ("H20) VACUUM TEMP. OR ef an
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (cusic Feet) | tnLeT | oureT | (°F) | (°F) ("H20) _| DestRED ("Hg Ga) | (CF) 102 |@ 4. ¢-3
fas7| 2 | 2ev.9¢66 | 872 |82 1/90 |e | Of eee Vaan SY ois
752.2f | 88 |82Z l22¢ | O73 WA = eee
Zeding |O | #21255 [a8 2 te—| 2G 7 oe
sigG_ |9F | &2.|272.|Fo_. an
S639 [97/9 831 /85°-|\42 “er
728 2 ¢_\229°|3o_ 201s
_ Zo. 6# | 99 “8 2 \ 36 _ 72
2 264 3S OF | 86 (2457 1.36 “oe
325/24 263. 25 eta. be \2s70 | 22 ore
27 257} Le5— 2¢eo |4o_. een
| WA 108 | 8&9 )2/s— |.398 |ooe7
263.09 |e, | 92, |270_|33— on
e222 U2 22 /22\ 25- | 46 lye
22/2 AD |42. | ¢ 24 |FO eo
124,13 | 4 | 25) 220 | FO__ mn
22. Zt | US | 96 | 29s |4o” ee
ZDG AR L 2a 292 |\Sa_. ;
222. 297 LL] 29 \2B5 |\see ere)
229,08 |e s— Loo |2f0_ 45-- sore
282-69 720 |\250 z 22
in ,

7. .
Ta.2bl VIP | feof | 2ee-

fer a a ae Le
Tor | 0 BA 29S | 264-1 42254 Z ; 5. 7@"H20| 3B257|
” NHERAGE SBF SSORY SSE ; | 24 “20 406 “Hal “ 194

Pm= Pg tH = 2 9.787 "Hg OSLER



APPENDIX B
Tabulation of Front Half to Back Half Ratios
This tabulation of the front. half to the back half ratios in 18 runs show the

significance of the back half particulate. Also, the back-up filter shows to be
important in this type of sampling.

ae eee _ a . Aca ln
_ Rua ala BY eirhceh te Rata: Bee lee porticalate

FE der Bact. cule re

er > i> ae . On FG 3
i re TMi 7

Soe 6B eee
: 4.36 : 1-020

iTM~

|
|

4
NEU PR faa!
I.
|
|
|
im

‘ _
—_!
= — a 7 - —— ene ee ee

:

. OS 49 .
LBz

_ AWB
i f- 2.9 . i

|
|

b> fo;
K

ly
NS
bw

/2_ _ Qe eet

a 2 ae Os aw. 1 oe
. A i Ce BAST
ss | i ee) yee
Mea i —! : ; _:

i H —! _ ,
17: !

/g_! a AEF 280
47 | 2537 Wo OBB
Zo | ee ! £.0:7
; a : \ :
a? : \ | _ ee _ - a
22 + 2, G28 1947
2g Le 8

i
f
i 1

a

ys

'
_. a. a _ : ; wee ed
= i i i
a oe


VALUNTINE, FISHE & TOMILENSON
STACK MOLSTURE CONTENT vata AND CALCULATLONS

client 2 £A RUN NO. /F
LOCATION AL eesce S7CEE KE NO. O4~5

OPERATOR AG, AED  See-apk oy ; DATE — S-/F5- 7S
sanpLe Box _BLACH

| CONTATNER WEIGHTS (yin)

Y
) ¥INAL INITLAL } NET

H)0 CONDENSED, mi (1 ol = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (ii W/APPRUX. 10G mt WATER) 459, 3 TA Ss 7.3

IMPINGER (/2 W/APPROX. 1G) ml WATER)| 496,8 | 4679

2.7
BUBBLER (#3 DRY) | 378.3 3/8./ 72

Wj0 ABSORBED EY SILICA GEL, ml C446 OF 3 2 6.3
‘ oy

TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml

47.2.
VOL. OF H,O VAPUK @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM, =
0.0474 x TOTAL H20 _
D.3/8
MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS
MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS
% MOISTURE IN STACK CAS * 100 x VOL, HO VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 190-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100
MJLECULAR WI. Ox STACK |AS ~ AVG. 2 We, © GAS  1OLE FRACTION +

1B Kk Ci-MO

= cKA aa)

t/AP3C
153


BUT

~~ wb.
SI-|D ce
. VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON
CLIENT =, = SEATTLE, WASHINGTON "BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pp) C</ 70> Hg
PORT LOpATION doecerrO re rec Cees, TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE. _CFM @. Zo “HG
DATE §43 22a Ent CONDITIONS, SOFr IMPORTANT: FOLL_IN ALL BLANKS: 1 PORT PRESSURE (Ps) *__“H20 =. “Hg
OPERATOR/S_ AIL 2URAKDs F STANION 7A Snr Fe bey = Pe + PS "Hg
run xo. ZB ae @ A ( 7 i ASSUNED MOISTURE_/ __x MAX VI___"#,0
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS “LL. &_.S-7<5- vm = pee i ¢ FACTOR <<QBMAR- 7 / -
METER BOX aH. BY2, eee - | REF. Pee
FILTER NO. Esse TARE 2/2 ing Bee ; sand Se. — STACK DIMENSIONS: > __-AREA_/_/! F2
CLEAN-UP NO. 3 BLANKS -t : 9 if Ooo ce PROBE NOZZLE DIA, IN; Ay F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER setting 2230" g__ 30%. ' SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT lproe LenaTH <3 numer Z _ stoe_Z _
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL 7
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER DRY GAS TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER| POINT | PITOT VH ORIFICE AH Pump * | STACK | OPACITY
TIME TIME {F) TEMP. | TEMP. Chipof vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (cusic Feet) { InLeT | ourcet | (°F) | (°F) ("H20) OESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)| (°F ) x02
Z:Sh|_ Cc (977.56 | 6 | BC leaveles J, 4 Zs a meron ; ;
= ~ / 2S*. |. 4.8 oO ”
er | Ss |9esS 7 xe |_Sz [eco co 4+ | 208 Se |B S| 6S, ide
(S24) 77 oa Ty | 9c | 8c |ave | eo |S |S |-2F- | - 25 |S O| 28 ENG
207) F..|0EB SF Sl) FY | 8 |e | 2O | ers || eo | Se eS or '2Z
WN 27S | TZ | P50. 7 | LY ESO | 60 PBC] rs 2 | 2e | s3.co | es ,
B/28|_ LS |92 7 65°) 29 ES | 220) Capea “Ke | Re 3S les.
321 | 213 | 78225 | IC | Sle | COO) CO |S) a7 | ee | ae | ses | eed
DV s2F | 2h 787 8S | oC lR? ee em| —T ees SS es ee
2B ITS -3¢. €S LO? BYTE | oc eC. - - : = Sy
ae ES ram Ors : ARO] S72 | 2 oe
337 51S | LOK | AY | C20 | S38 |e eye |e [De | Se | ee
234 BO 129, 26) Ve Gl | Z| SK S |S eye TS 275 es
wi? | 32 |B os oof Paes £63) $s Gore (e727 77 | eel ees
[BLE 3g Pa Co LVYLCANVL?P 22) SUI RV ne |e?) 2 | ees | coe C/
345 2 GYLS WO|"1/K |\_ F- basal Toa Zor 7 a CLANS oS “Va09
THe | OGY BS |e | Fe 270 |S 7 TST SEITE wb
ae | CERES 7 , Ver | es ely ee ‘Ole
4 5 LS. S/o Le p22 * : 2 .
ach _ : L a)
EES ETS ie ie ere |e ev,
Fi/_ | GEY TY L Sollee | cer le
Lor |_| ese se 7 2r es [Tene ees
2/7 I | ZTE 290) p22 Oo |
| ee |e ee | Hf J - 1 —
[TOA AO 33.73 | 2m ]ezs9 (V/7 4 29 7.5.90 ‘lag
“avenaseP/A/, A) 4) 100 *F 50° YW Led S M20 7 "9 LNAI
Zab oy Pm= Pp tQH = 25.77 "Hg Oe, OR


EPA-450/3-76-010

SOURCE SAMPLING
RESIDENTIAL FIREPLACES ©
FOR
EMISSION FACTOR DEVELOPMENT

by

W.D. Snowden, D.A. Alguard,
G.A. Swanson, and W.E. Stolberg

Valentine, Fisher & Tomlinson

520 Lloyd Building
Seattle, Washington 98101

Contract No. 68-02-1992
EPA Project Officer: Thomas Lahre

Prepared for

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

November 1975


gut

OTA LIAE” Be RIVINE

CLIENT LP LALO Pe A

PORT LOCATION Z2X 7.2: wv szoa/
pated Aug. 75 AMBIENT CONDITIONS 722-24 CLa.o/y IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS
OPERATOR/S ak LAW 3, b KEN TINE

RUN NO, 7?

SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS?CE& 3

PIE FIR

VALENTINE FISF ER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE, V/ASHINGTON

TRAVERSE SAMFLING DATA SHEET

CL vos
CB romania 7223
3h Doug Ke @ 12 4

Zor-5

“BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Py) <7 72mg

LEAK RATE = 22. crm @__257— "HG
PORT PRESSURE (Ps)_<?_"H20=___ "Hg
Poy = PB + Ps _ 2 27D "Hg
ASSUMED MOISTURE_<f. 2 09% MAX VH “H,0

+ Loaa7
weer yp. 7 3/7, C FACTORZ IS AZ
METER BOX AH _~ a Tih 3H REF. A Pa 3F- 225 east +.
ts ULTI=g> 74. er
FILTER NO, JAS STARE Ain op yy Ca Hoo STACK OIMENSIONSS “2 1/¥“: AREA /: R
CLEAN-UP NO. 25-53 BLANKS ‘ » Pemanag © PROBE NOZZLE DIAL22 DIN; Ayote > 3c F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 24%? & 5-2 _ SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTHS 3 _NuswrR ZH St0e
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECOROED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES.READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL I
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER ORY GAS TEMP. BOX {IMPINGE POINT | PITOT VH ORIFICE AH PUMP stack | OPACITY | fed. i.
TIME TIME AF) TEMP. | TEMP. ("H20) vacuum | TEMP, OR Oc-3
(24 HRS) } (MIN) {CUBIC FEET) INLET OUTLET } (°F) (°F) ("H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL | (“Hg GA) 4002 “
$243 2. ZIP I3-4- | 7H [po |ero . Z —
2/2, FF -| 2 22 QBs
WdLi
22 2.4 35—- f
FALSE ‘
720,738
222, 4. 3_
729, 7,

319 FD 24 232. 0.3 ‘y

L340 4=2 2.

233.33

LANCE, SCRA AY A, CCAR a

rrr rr

worm |e? | ey [ogy bo LL eRe Z. pret 777 4596
AVERAGE / Bes FSyc LULL, gsr" ogo "4 O77 |

Pm = Pp tOH = 29

Zu "Ha 7 °R



VALEN7'NE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

jon name APA FIRE Pe fe & vate AUG & (97S
spepareD BY-S ALA“ SOM APPROVED PAGE. A or_/
yuesect HREPL ACE enssions Run # yo Zee
52064; VOLm o+o1 VH c:oc WH
25°76 pm 676 Ts 6€5 Ts 7*314011 Kg
530 qerd 29586435 3+646516
546 a
Tm 3°012 VK G:a1 VH 7+572363 Ve
31°515651 665 Ts 635 Ts 1°17 A
VOlstd 2 sosess 2+519820 .
5*72628 yotw 559+653E40 Q
o*915 o*01c
2°225090 679 636 30 YF,
M 3+170173 29749545 699 a
o*977650 29:7 p
ees we 0°02 G02 Pan
690 685 417+185461
. 2+687817 Qa
26°636832 Ww 3°714835 ~ °s
1095452 Ca 0°0175 o+g22 69¢ Ts
29°7 gen 19 665 530 Tet
3°524911 3+824918 29°7 Pen
11903656 Og eo
o*6125 o+915 2730136 A,
695 890
2°947456 2+464101 6635171 y
198+313621 4"
0*0175 or022
670 776 113+S p
26404178 49115623 10556068 ¢
oO
0*0175 0-92
650 746
3°372684 3°847676 o-4 N
1°66824¢ ©
9°01 O*Ge
675 795 01198637 PMRp
2*598976 3°754996 113+8 Py
1'17 As
0*015 66 7
650 100136 ql
3*217141
G*215652 pap
3015 .
725 1207235 pa
3+206335 ovs
a+4
67 1738632 N

c’


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT £ PA. free Ace

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Aes Ay Qe.
pTE 6/43 /0  punno. /8 HOW COLLECTED Geng Qc

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION

TIME OF anaLysts 8 /¥+/os7
Ses

CUMULATIVE jANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 | #2 | #30 #4
| |
C02 a4 _ 4 | o 8 |
: |
C02 + 02 20.6 | 206 | 206 | |
1 1 T
! H i
c02+02+00| 56.6 | 20.7 | DOT |
i |
|
!
! :
COMPONENT : | ! RATIO \WT./MOLE
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 #2 | #3 i #4 | AVG. | MOLE Wr\ (DRY)
cog 0.9 !047 | 0.3 Ons | 44/100 |0./76
l | : :
02 (20,2 ; 20.2 20.2 ! BD. 2| 32/100 |G H4
co 2. Ov | a | | ©. / | 28/100 [9.028
|
T i
! i i :
t
|
No (100-above)| 79.4% | 79,3 | 77.3 | 179.3 | 28/100 |22,204
AVG. MOLECULAR 28.27

VFT/AP4B

WT. DRY STACK GAS



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

sos name 2A FIREPLACE oate LP AWoYWsST SIS

PREPARED BY sS WAVSOA/ APPROVED PAGE. Z or_Z
sussect_FURE OL ACE eyssiows RUM & 2 / a6-S"
: VH <7 35 VA
> 2 OTs . i Ts 21 aint Kg
PersTTes vie

VH :
2iticilil yousta a Ts :
[72°2 VoLw ones sF as
gil
Degiiecc 55%
“OM 26 E04635 :
. MF o 8548
Wd 5
ae nergee 3 z z 3729167611 Qos
v~ ce Ww
1 26h 572 1s
Cd 635 sic Tstd
Psn 2626785 5 20°62 Pon
tec ete 53 T
ree ESS Gs ge008 3909138 Ag
Cle P,
7. 2eLE793E Co
orcie
é75 N
39574605 2° c
PMR
+ Py
z As
T
An
PMR
PMR,
N
7 ,


The train’ was operated as follows:

The probe was inserted into the stack to the first traverse point with the
nozzle tip pointing directly into the gas stream. The pump was started and
immediately adjusted to sample at isokinetic velocities. Equal time was spent
at selected points of equal elemental areas of the duct with the pertinent
data being recorded from each time interval. The EPA nomograph was used to
maintain isokinetic sampling throughout the sampling period. At the conclusion

of the run the pump was turned off, the probe was removed, and the final
readings were recorded,

Clean up of the sample train and analysis of the samples were performed according
to the Clean-Up and Analysis procedure found on page 18.

POLYCYCLIC ORGANIC MATERIALS

The Polycyclic Organic Materials (POM) determined by the consulting laboratories
of Batelle Columbus Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio, were sampled as follows:

Sampling was conducted by Valentine, Fisher & Tomlinson's Environmental
Services Team. Sample collection was made at isokinetic conditions at
all preselected traverse points. The sampling system was a modified EPA
Method 5 sampling train using a special POM adsorbent column of Tenax
(see Figure 4). The column was located directly after the heated filter.
Prior to passing through the adsorbent, the gas was cooled to 55°C in a
thermostatically controlled circulating water bath. From here the gas
entered the regular EPA condenser section.

Aluminum foil was wrapped around the Tenax column to prevent light exposure.
After sampling, the Tenax column and cooling jacket were removed from the POM
train and sealed with a Solv-Seal cap and a ball-joint stopper. This section
was stored out of light prior to shipment to Batelle Laboratories for analysis.
The tared acid treated glass filter was removed and desiccated until a constant
weight was obtained. The filter was weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg. The
impinger section was weighed and the amount of water collected was determined.
The probe and prefilter connections were cleaned up with brushes and reagent
grade acetone. The washings were transferred to a tared beaker and after
evaporation and desiccation the net weight gain was determined. The filter
and Tenax column section were shipped in padded containers to Batelle for analysis.
Gas chromatographic separation was utilized to quantify the POM constituents.

More detailed sampling and analysis procedures can be found in "Efficient
Collection of Polycyclic Organic Compounds From Combustion Effluents," by
Peter W. Jones et. al, Paper No, 75-33.3, Batelle Columbus Laboratories,
505 King Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43201, presented at Annual Meeting of Air
Pollution Control Association in Boston, Mass., June 1975.

"p" TYPE REFERENCE PITOT
The "P" type reference pitot was positioned 9" below point C-3 during

each particulate and POM sampling runs to correct for total air flow but
sampling revealed the correction to be unnecessary. Reference pitot readings

14


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cunt GPA FreePe aes

RUN NO, / 2
LOCATION Syrentsi / wi e= 5
OPERATOR § #2 Gor wp DATE ~3 757

SAMPLE BOX Be VE

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET
H 0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) ~

BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 mi WATER) | #3AF | 4.29.4 2,0

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)| <Z<S-/_ © F476 3.4

BUBBLER (#3 DRY) .
| 7 36é.9 336.2 0.6

4,0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml

633.2 | 626.9 5. 3

TOTAL’ 4,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF HO VAPOR @ 70°F, AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x TOTAL 20

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WT. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VET/AP3C

127


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

cLient PIE f~VCELt Heb S

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION (“e'ueyer Dy reer

va _ >
DATE _&. BIS RUN NO. / PCG ee HOW COLLECTED Wxvewertin 0 IG

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME OF ANALYSIS QY/// "=
CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS ! ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS

% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 #4

C02 0.3 03 o.3

C02 + 09 20.7% | Z0.4 |Zoa.F

co2+@ +001 20.9 | 209 !20.9

COMPONENT RATIO \WT./MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 #4 avG. | MoLE wr\ (DRY)
co2 6.3 |O.3 O.2 oO. 2} 44/100 [2/32
02 Zo-6 | 20.6 20.4 Zo.6 | 42/100 16.592
co 2 iS o Q_|2a/i00 | ©
No_(100-Above) | 29. / 79./ 79./ 72./| 28/100 _|p2, /44|
AVG. MOLECULAR 123.37]

WI. DRY STACK GAS

VFI/AP4B

133


IMLINSON
yA LTING ENGINEERS LINSO / COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

joa Name EA VCE BY ACE vate Le? AMGUST /APS
PREPARED ay SWANVSAW APPROVED z PAGE. / or—_f —
sussect- ALRE PLACE” £FAUSS/ONS RUM *76 Bf- Ss
24s S 728 o:096 oe
24*525 yotm o08 VH oro1é VH 7
23°74 634 Ts 646 Ts 2°590457 Kg
57, Pm 2-252116 2+993325
577 Tstd 3+823 Cp
Tm oot VH o:oc6 VH 6+243533 Vo
wage a 648 Ts €59 Ts 1°175 As
24ec72440 VOkstd 2 jon, 11974644
438+324069 @o
+694 066
C volLw Grote 3°01
636 64? 530 stg
"60219 5 Q
ereoeTo0 OM 2+766947 2547547 640 Ts
o°971975 ME roll 912 25°75 Pen
25°50 Wd 629 647 359200
é 350°221615 Qos
2*630399 2*766395
28-55457; Ww
645
c 0+907 oroi2 ce
1:006195 Gd 615 650 won Tstd
29°79 Psn 29974849 2 792848 2 o Psy
6c
1-cg3696 © 0+013 3007 0+00136 gy
650 645
2°90668E 2124852 €*153615 Va
98+553507 |
0°015 o*0c9
649 646 6974 Pp
3+098386 2*400090 07044357 Cg
O+G14 +009
638 630 6567 N
2*988645 2°381176 o*979615 €
+008 dole C+133260 PMRp
638 633 65+4 By
2*259203 2756064 1°175 As
é0
Croll G*S0136 2
636 n
2*648155 o*131507
PMRg,
C013 c+132387
636 PMRavg
2°8799739 5
9+567
N
73 o°923354


>

2) Total Combustion jrekkeis 2 Oh ercess air

yvucts (wet)
#497 43.2 4 55° % 819 FEO

&,

comb, fh, ewou

Comb -cley S lt AES 2 69 SKF cee /
rr yy
7h. weod ory)

4) 9% Cop at 02%, GAL 97

Q

ary

%,Co MAFScCL CO
o 27 x ‘20 (exe)
69 se prowacrs lo 2

@® Excess air Sarineg cum bas 47
Average COg: O FIg Corser) 5 AIR C4y Le, \

Avera ge wood cunsumptin : Eke ~ Jo 3 1b
ae * ter.

= 38256
laaleal

Average Stack gas Slow rate: 108 sem
A

*) Z, Co, Ccoleu lade /):

/ CF CO. The / ,
7,0, = MES CE COn x 1.3/6 wood | , Loma loo
(ke. nwoodt Ae, GOmin, 392 SFon*

10, 40 a,

Mote: best agreement between calculate CC.
(and that measure’ witA Te,

31


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cuiENtT ASE KR Ck -— ey RUN NO. A
of oT . . -
LOCATION 26 0F 75 Aula re 6 ppb Me Leese W No. C973.

OPERATOR Ge es ioe oe DATE Le 2 2 F257

SAMPLE BOX 7 #- ecw -

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gu)
PINAL INITIAL | NET
H0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) Fuge Baa
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) .
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)| 7 767 D 7
BUBBLER (#3 DRY) 372.6 og
H,0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml
; , G2E.6 JO.
TOTAL Hy0 COLLECTED, ml IZ.
VOL. OF H,0 VAPOR @ 70°F, AND 1 ATM, = OSE77E
0.0474 x TOTAL 120

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI, OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C

102


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DAT,

sos Name 227A FRE PLACE pate _AYG. 2 LQ2S
PREPARED BY-<S WANS OA APPROVED PAGE. OF.
sussect__Lacr/cle Siz ne Runs = 7 ond Ze G2-5 82-S 89-5

RUN NO..2.. RUN NO./ZZ. = RUN NO.2Z

VOL» 2926 29797 2°416
Pm 25+613 25°72 29+75
Tm 533 539 546
TIME 20, 39 9
volw or6 , 2644 1:6
Vo 54*659056 62*217313 23*266256
Pp 6*6087 0*6657 C*6087
P 019963 019933 O+9556
# 6+g00275 6°000275 C+60021
Pp 9*9008567 3*060861 _ o1oecs471
Py #9146 o*9131 ! o*9142
a 0-921645 92021623 o°o12si1
b 1555°472025 1246+°744274 1697-022253
De 0°24S O°245 6°249
Dpe 4*755436 4+415042 5*CC6054
De 0-1775 0°1775 6°1775
Dac 2°805816 2°651155 2:969012
DB 0°1396 +1396 0*1396
Doc 1*915043 1772527 2*037841
De 6°0946 0°0946 +0246
Dpc 1009413 G*930435 1*CE9548
De 3°0731 O+6731 o+o731
Dec C*64551E G*592446 o*767695

38


STAM UP — STARE
VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

cunt EPA fee ace: SEATTLE, WASHINGTON BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pp) 20.20 __ttg
PORT LOCATION Howey c acres RES. TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE ot cru @ ge “HG
DATE £720: 7S AMBIENT CONDITIONS EAE 69° IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps) “Hs? __ “Hg
OPERATOR/S_“3LGVAED / see mnson” Staer 16% Pin€ Psy = Pat Ps 4 D8
RUN NO. 22 Glass Sacew7 8 v4 - 5 fey. ASSUMED MOISTURE__S_% MAX VH____"H0
The sl Ze “He 7.
SAMPLE & METER Box nuMBERSRETe_<3 g7e@ /1.60  FACTOR_-73 on
me ftR Box an {- 842 Eis B27 OUs4 REF. AP_O36 .03¢ O42 .0q ogg
la C1VeS Ss a
Fuuter 10.43-5* Othe JSF omg But ges sper amber (Gr @ pride STACK DIMENSTonsB% 94 “ARER_2.2°F 2 Fe
CLEAN-UP NO.&2-S”; BLANKS & eee Br cs? + PROBE NOZZLE OIA, “2:IN; AN=w22736  F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING _2$C" g_3>% SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH 3.’ _numper__¢% SIDE_Z A
INSTANTANEQUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL ]__AVERAGE VALUES.READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER ORY fas TEMP. BOX | IMPINGER PITOT VH ORI AGE of H pump |” STACK | OPACITY
TIME TIME F) TEMP. | TEMP. “H20 VACUUM TEMP. OR ee
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC FEET) INLET | OUTLET | (°F) (°F) DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)| (°F ) xcog | “29
~~ ara WAV A 4

Zso
20°
2402.
30.
22e.

“1-18 | ©
W720 | 2
Wig | 6

9

|

67

Sah

€9T

LLLLNLL AEE NA 5539
239] 120.03 "KY, J 277

m= PR tAH = 30.2 3 “nol

TOTAL GO | 20. 30/7 |/285°V 577
AVERAGE CRLSL Pl *F S36 °R



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
TONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

yoo Name PA _ EIR PLACE cated 30, 99S

PREPARED BY OS LVA WS OW” APPROVED PAGE. 4 oF Z
sussect_ AIRE PLACE Edaisssows RUM Na. b 29-5
29+397 VOlm c+o15 VH $:9° VH
“t+ 66 705 Ts 700 Ts 3+346489 Kg
vor ee Pm z+251922 3+741657
536 Tstd 3+84
551 tm n 8+597142 Sp
o-C15 vH 9°975 VH BS o7714e yy
DB ek OTD 660 Ts 660 Ts 1917 As
28+827249 VOLStd 5.145456 199358633
568+419369
9*58776 a
. volw o*9175 Gro1e °
1994006 665 656 T,
“ M 3+411376 2792848 530 (std
98006 670 Ts
¢ 060 me 0*015 9°015 30+62 Psn
28°89 w
a 655 686
28672653 wy 3+134485 2+193743 450:985245 Qos
19004820 @y o+01 o-92 679 's
39°62 oo, 667 675 539 |std
2+582634 3°660601 S062 Psn
9+988503 | @ 6o T
. Oe
| o+o1s Grol 0°00136 An
667 696
7. .
2+163068 2*6267E5 75436470 Va
91°€49676 |
o+o125 G+o12
660 667 11°71 ®B,
. * t
2+872281 2829134 g+006242 Ey
o*015 0*015
669 655
5 05
3*146426 3+134465 N
o7149805 ©
001 9*915
640 652 c+024127 PMRp
2+529822 3+127299 1Ls71) Pp
1°17 As
o*015 6a
696 GtO0136 op
3+217141 "
o+622185 PMR
0*027 ar
695 o*o0Z155 pM
4°321658 Ravg
C3 oN
63 1143776

c


VALENTINE, FISHER o TGMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cLIeEnT  £.7.A- RUN NO, _/7

Location Aorivastact CEL yo. OF

OPERATOR 4.2S£e> / Sma

SAMPLE BOX OCA Ce

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET

H,0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) $t12-F #73

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)| 2), > 2 Gey2 ¢ |-o./

sao | 371 los

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

H 0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ol

6/98) 777 &| 26

TOTAL HAO COLLECTED, ml

pate 773-75

VOL. OF HO VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x f0TAL 120

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL, HO VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100=% MOISTURE IN S'TACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WT, OF STACK GAS = AVG, DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (L-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C

147


4

. . pte ve = / :
Azoer:#eS fn brick ? Aseeritie $17 brick 2 I/sern,

Solid +o Sofiy cenvecr Woof areg
P _ (Kas 5 (Rar)

As Ras + Rair
LZ =09 2G or. 2
_ : _ Kchr- t+
Kas = 03k = (ABZ0(O6) = O.O/G =
Rair = xz _ Wee 2G . oF An_ty?
07k =(0.7>¢.02) = 9-186 Bra
‘ ,
Ri, (aort)(0./86 > of Are Lr?
s = 00/3 -_
O.01rF+ 0,186 Bre
R!
Bick 3: Oasthe ok
rR’ Z O27 _ OF -hr- £4”
6 = = = O.%
K oF Bre

R

Outsixn. gi'~ 2 From ASHRAZE GUO

RK. of -Ar- t+?
An 7 Oo 25 EF

, ° 2
F-hr-tr
Rrra. = ZR = 0.9188 SE

Ahear Loss rAreugh fire box , Ores
Use GF L¢? Area

Cree Sra, 50-70)
r

449) =
(0.9188) (44)s (3, 423 Bre

vA


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

CONSULTING ENGINEERS

/ COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION 0g

Jos Name 4. OA F/REP LACE DATE. LOU.
PREPARED BY SWAWSIY Apraoven, PAGE. LZ or__L
sussect_ FIREPLACE Eltissios RUN F9 24
22°657 votm o*cscs VH o:9125 VH
25+76 €45 Ts 645 Ts 2°
=-, Pm O+S67E56 29525427
530 Tstd vee es
525 Tm 63075 9*005 c
C*o0?5 WH o°055 VH 5
5 719 675g
eererr s s
eer sesees VOlstd 2.557596 1837117
etna 27
eeseee VOkw ceo12 0*6075
no aagan 675 655 1
er3e270G M 2+e35495 2+2164516 .
s
c:576773 MF Grote o+012 ae *
28°55 Wd 45
8 5.,° Z1o+3e51203 @
2*727636 2+782685
22-64e975 Ww ;
6*9075 of01 64s %
reocs277 Cd 599 635 539 %
zse72 Psp 2+103568 2519926 25472 %
63 7
reeg3ase © o*C65 6+905 5790136
590 636
5.660 3
1*717556 1*774823 5°65 2875 y,
rozeis7739 4
G*o12 3*905
625 625 eles ,,
Z
2°738612 1*767766 secéaren €
Teeeucat
G+G16 ¢+905
679 605 . nN
327414 729080 c96
Ze27arst 1739250 Lezeszer €
o*¢075 5245
676 +9975 c1i6grs> PA
: 615 oar
2+241651 29147673 ate
Tei: As
519675 o> Tt
665 S1SSile Ay
29233071
2'166i5 PM
oot
éf5 3°162579 pM
2+859256
c'é ON
66 Le275515 @!


VALINTINE, FISHER & T)JMLINSON
ORSAT JATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT AYA A/RE PALF

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Ar Soe Eye rey sve Sf
DATE Ay 30/9757 RUN NO. Lo-ow HOW COLLECTED Bera 3 345 FROM
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION _ TIME OF ANALYSIS Jus 3/ Lor
CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 #2 #3 #4
Cp i
coz + 02 2o.g | 20.8! 20.9 20.8
coz +02 +CO| 20.8 | 20.8 20.8 | Ze, E
T

COMPONENT ; RATIO \WT. 7wou}
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 #2 #3 | #4 AVG. | MOLE WT\ (DRY)
coy 14 1 76 187 | S87] 44/100 [422

02 20,4! 203! 20,2' 20,3 | 20,3] 32/100 |Z, 44
co 2:0 | o.o 2.0 | 60 Qo |2asi00 | O

T !
No (100-Above)| 79,2! 79-21 79-2 | 79-2 | 79.2 | 28/100 | 22.174)

AVG. MOLECULAR 22.44

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VFI/AP4B
103


cLieENT & P,

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Qw7-$ LOE EXTEN SLOAN

vate Ge, 28, JIE RUN NO. ZZ HOW COLLECTED

ZWTEGRATED
GRAB BAG

TIME OF SAMPLE couLection /7 227g 2? re oF ANALYSTSAQQG 424 /97S—

CUMULATIVE  |ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 i #2 i #3 i #4
609 no ino |pno | |
H " \
coz + 02 29.3 ' 20,8 20.4 | |
coz + 02 + CO 240: 24.0 24.0.
= T t
| i
’ t . :
| | |
: cL + t
COMPONENT i : | i | Trario \wr. /MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #2 jf #2 LH |__AVG. | MOLE wr\ (DRY)
i i
C02 ie op JO | 10 | 44/00 | og
02 Log 14.81 IF. & 19.8 | 32/100 |4,226
co Oe Oe 0.2% 10.2 | 2a/100 |.95%
| |
y T
‘ i | i
! : |
: : { \
I i T a
Np (oo-abovey| 79,01 29.0 | 7f,0 | | 7§,0! 28/100 | 22-120
AVG, MOLECULAR 23.95

VFT/AP4E

166

WT. DRY STACK GAS



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

2 6-5—
CLIENT APA. Fee Perce

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION OU 7s/OE 2X 7EWS/ION
DATEAYS. 6/99 RUN NO. YZ HOW COLLECTED 2W7tiweA7EO GRAG &
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION A#S7— to= TIME OF ANALYSIS Aue, 7

CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSTS
Z BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 | #2] #4
|
Cog 06 OAs | 2.57 | !
T t ; =
Co2 + 02 20,6 | 20.6 | 29.6 |
; - an
: i i
Coz + 02+ 00 120,9 | 20.8 | 20.7 1
|
|
: |
i ,
| |
I — a
COMPONENT : | i | Trarzo \wr./Moze
% BY voL.(pry)| #1 #2, #3 ita AVG. | MOLE Wr\ (DRY)
T T H
cog |} 0.6 1: 0.58 | os - pO. 5} 44/100 | .22
l i ' , i ;
O2 120.0 , 20./ Ql. 20. /| 32/100 {6.432
T Hf
co 1 0.2 o.2 ;, O./; | 2.2 | 28/100 | oss
; H | H
| i
! . —
No (100-Above)| 78.2 | 78.2 729.3 1 [78.2 | 28/100 {2/822
AVG. MOLECULAR \2G.40

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/&P42 125


oy

CR enee ne ee
KOE curred a essen Go.” woe use 40 CUTE

99 98 95

0.01 10

90 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.05

»
t
t
i

r a ---3

M116 RON S

.

2

N
Y = =
~ = =|
K See inces =p
& i Secsaes gt esmemeeeetinii EEE :
x +4 SEGE eauiliititsers = 4
v Hee

H f BCH 3



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT LPA Frespepet Ev ht

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION CA tte Currier Denys fJetde/Tt
> , > FRASER SE
vate Y/ZEB7S__ RUN NO. OME HOW COLLECTED G6 5e5

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION 27307330 7/e@IME OF ANALYSIS 7-20 Veer

CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS ] ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 ! #2 i #3 H #4 |
H T
i
60 cel i g0 | al | |
7 . T H
C02 + 02 H/0 | 249 | 21.0 | |
co2 + 02+ 00] 2yo, 240 | 2/.0 | i
; ! : i
1 i i
t i i)
T i
f i :
i T i
| i |
1 + ae
COMPONENT = j | | T ratIo \wr. /MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 | #2] 83 i #4 AVG. | MOLE Wr\, (DRY)
| y i i t if i
coz : iJ i 0 tL 1.067) 44/190 | o24
T i f y
: ! |
02 20-9 pzlo 204: 20.67) 32/100 6,614
+ t
co : o ! {9} Co | | 1 28/100 | Oo!
| |
i j i A 1
\ 1 , | i | |
i i u i | { i
¥ t t
| |
i T ? ;
Np _(100-Above)| 14,1 179,0 79.1: (77. Ob} 28/100 {22.124|

AVG, MOLECULAR Re.78

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VIT/APGR


POLLUTANT MASS RATE/MATERIAL BURNED gm./kg. **

A - ALDER
C = COAL
C, D ~ DOUGLAS FIR
+ .)
30 ‘ L - LOCUST
\ P = PINE
\ subscripts identify emission
\ points from same fire or burn
25 +
20 +
pT
10 +
5.7
t + |
START-UP STABLE SMOLDER
BURNING CONDITION
FIGURE 3

ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION VARIATION
WITH BURNING CONDITIONS

**Emissions were calculated using front half and back half particulate
collected in the EPA Method 5 type sampling train.


TABLE NO.

II

Tir

vI

LIST OF TABLES

TITLE PAGE
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS AND BURNING CONDITIONS 4-5
COMPARISON OF C02 RESULTS 9
SUMMARY OF GASEOUS EMISSION CONSTITUENTS 10
FUEL CHARACTERISTICS 12
REPRESENTATIVE FIREPLACE MEAN DIMENSIONS AND 22

95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL

AUXILIARY FIREPLACE EMISSION DATA 52

LIST OF FIGURES

AVERAGE FIREPLACE PORT LOCATIONS 3

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON STACK GAS SAMPLING 6
TRAIN WITH BACK-UP FILTER

ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION VARIATION WITH BURNING 7
CONDITIONS
ADSORBENT SAMPLING SYSTEM 15

IMPACTOR PARTICLE SIZING TRAIN 17


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

CLIENT £2 RUN NO. 7B
LOCATION Ahn CHe20 14 Ces. No 375

operatoR _ ALE2 40D S7ANTEN pate fies. 13/9257
SAMPLE BOX Bic -
CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)
FINAL INITIAL | NET
H90 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gu)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. "100 ml WATER) FFICE FAS 2 wat

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)| ZE7/, 7 yeaa 2.3

BUBBLER (#3, DRY) 350,0 268.9 7,

H 20 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, al 643,2

G24.0 | Q2
TOTAL 0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF H,O VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM, =
0.0474 x foraL H20

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

X MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL, HQ VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN S'TACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTLON +
18 X (L-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C

149


L7

02 010.05 001

L
‘"001 0050.1 02 05 1



09T

CLIENT £2 7%

eo 2

BAKUME|KIG PRESSURE (Pg) <1) => = =ug
PORT LOCATION (Avv7 Yeast fh -A7>DEEXTEN> ON TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE _< 2 cre ev NG
DATE 2/7 75_AMBIENT CONDITIONS, 2eu-oy 7” IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps) “H20 =___"Hg
OPERATOR/S Aw td Soe an ser Pom WATE Tem? Wet & Poy = Pa + Ps _ "Hg
RUN NO. 27 SEF Pine ASSUMED MOISTURE__-?__ MAX VH "1,0
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS” £¢__& &” “ le 28 C FACTOR J. 6?”
METER BOX AH _{-©<U1 2 Ses REF. OP 803A ER
FILTER NO.@/- = @ TARE 333-4 ong Zo IS iat STACK DIMENSIONS 21 s/}7 AREA! 7) #2
CLEAN-UP NO. > BLANKS 8 JO® LEAT © Epviset PROBE NOZZLE DIA. “2 IN; Ay’ i F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 8 SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH 3’ _NimoeR_+%_ SIDE!
[INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER DRY GAS TEMP. BOX JIMPINGER| POINT | PITOT VH ORIFICE AH PUMP STACK | OPACITY
TIME TIME __CF) TEMP. | TEMP. aron VACUUM TEMP.
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC Feet) iNLeT | ouTLet | (°F) (°F) (“H20) DESIRED | acTUAL | ("Hg GA)| (°F)
erg |e. fate ToT [60 [ovo | 42 paper : od Nee raed Oe
— . T1 [ 24e [40 aan na
> 71 | 202 [te sot
- Tre a es +12. yo
Sled te CYT ree 4s. area
AGS AG » Ps -
a0, 2 ron
4c. pay
eer |
i kana

WTA 2 su
6 > a yol
Sue
~ Sia :
Liter Ae 67?
otat <(2 Ya) Ly ’ G
peo “es 2s v0 -
Paes yr
ae Se 25 420
TOTAL fc) 22.9) 276 |? O70 12.6201 7
_NVERAGE Le STF 547 °R 2320 LO Hg y

Pao PRtAH = yO) "Hg

VFT/APIE

Gs

weley

ror

roe

ong

eres

1ON7
og
ares
wl
out
Lg
Ce
OT
cl]

orn e

ore

a7
ale
LOlT


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DAT

JOB NAME EPA. FIREPLACE pate_Zst. AUGUST LI2E
PREPARED BY SLVA WSS A” APPROVED. PAGE Zz or_Z
sussect_ A/RERLACE Eayssiows Autre *1s~ Bo-s

volLm

Pm
Tstd

TOT Cp

tm ? z7 Ve

tesT2. 724 vOustd . 1-17 As

_ VOLw S1S+400C02 A
BeSisscs om 2. :

MF geal

»
vw
cn
(n
&
w
on
w

2655651 ool ess Ts
proos7li eg 65 ssc Tsu
ri oo an .

Psn 2+624213 z. 22460 Pen
oe 6éo 7
sse4a3e :
i Cs G61 cots > 36 An
66 645
29829163 1116466 Vn
1
a9o14 cecis
655 685 S367 py
Degeezoc pe1e7sce croscz12 ¢,
o+016 D015
635 655 ots oy
D*1874675 32277082 1556305 @
c+oid oe6 PA
a eett4get
t é Ceit sais
2 o1 D+1863 o367 Pt
ret? As
2eo42 ec 1
we S1o5178 Ay
21295555
ce PN

72 Leola tn c


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

0B NAME EPA Firepace DATE.
REPARED py_D+ ALGUABD APPROVED PAGE. oF
yasect__IMPACTOR PABTIOS Si2F Run F24

peas VOLm o+oi4 VH +14 VH
29+792 675 Ts 665 Ts S+oc1cs2
: storey De1ig294 Z+C812209 Ka
520 Tst
S43 7 noe c+eZ& Cp
TM c:cl5S VH oreie va 7+353921 Vo
21326646 VOLstd 637 Ts aoe Ts leita,
7225413 3*C 52626
Si “Ue
o*t755 VOLw e915 6613 S16é 1E20490 @
$ 655
2*155i 6o3
vrhes hoc Zeo12475 2+912G47 530 ‘sted
667 Ts
eee, ME cegis cole 29+75 Pen
. & v
“owed 685 647
33 375*492Si¢6
286645156 Ww 103546 2°7663395 , 4925165 Qos
1 ecéo2c c+oi4 cole 6674.
ce Cd 64r 536
29°75 p 675 2 se. Tsta
.n 3+¢674065 2+775608 29 5 Pen
30
1*¢C62175 oa ot
cs oro14 G°o1l e SC00e52 a
676 635 5
Qe 2g 12695665
3*062678 2+6 42515 95
o62 267286125 va
Py,
Cy
N
c
PMRp
Py
As
T
Ay
PMRg,
PMRavg
N

81


EPA-450/3-76-010
November 1975

SOURCE SAMPLING
RESIDENTIAL FIREPLACES
FOR EMISSION FACTOR
DEVELOPMENT

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cLient_ € PA FiPEPeAce RUN No. 7?
LOCATION Jurs/bé Exvrevsso WS - No. *
OPERATOR _ Sav arspa/ DATE Jue 4 (9 FS
SAMPLE BOX. B CK .
CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)
FINAL INITIAL | NET
H)0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) 5
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 m water) |7/S.8 | #/6.6 | 2.2
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) | #29, 735.8 | ww
BUBBLER (#3 DRY) — —
Bis. , |B345 “7
H,0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, m1 6785.3 1665.3
9.9
TOTAL H0 COLLECTED, mi /4.)

VOL. OF H,0 VAPOR @ 70°F, AND 1 ATM, =
0,0474 x S0TAL 20 0.61678

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI, OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100~% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG, DRY MOL, WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION) :

VET/AP3C

107


client 4) £7 he LD AE
PORT LOCATION CELE LILEMEE

Zhi

VALENTINE FiSt ER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE, V/ASHINGTON

TRAVERSE SAMFLING DATA SHEET

“BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (y) 225 he
LEAK RATE _22 CFM @ “HG

DATE €2X22/ 25 AMBIENT CONDITIONS Ceer—Dy s? IMPORTANT: FILL _IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps). "H20 =. nara
operators Afyosest 7 So c.ses seed steer /@* Coal Poy Pp + Psi
UN Ne 43 Ls
RUN NO. i Add 2” 11:44 ASSUMED MOISTURE 3% NAX VW! a
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS Lic & 3B _ € FACTOR_/-/.
neTer Box an_L- 8% 2 ne * 72°87 REF, OP__<3Q@ _. 32
Ty .
FILTER NO. 3-5 Fh kk Lins MWe # 12526 STACK DIMENSIONS? AREA / /) f2
0)
CLEAN-UP NO, 26 BLANKs ——>__b_ = eV Leer PROBE NOZZLE OIA. 42 IN; AN se £2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 2 >? &_30-7- SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH _% _nuiorr_ 74 stoe_/
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL "T_ AVERAGE VALUES:READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | ORY GAS METER | DRY GAS TEMP. | B0X |IMPINGEN) POINT | PiTOT YH | ORIFICE AN PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME (°F) TEMP. | TEMP. {"H20) vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (cusrc Feet) | inet | oumteT | (°F) | (°F) ("¥20) | pestrep | actuat | (“Hg GA)| (°F) 3002
“2d | BOT eee es : woo | se [27 saan oa cerca nr ceed
/f 3 | tae ae dao | so |&5—|—-St SS e}- ee
ate 48 42.43 laa s€ > | deo |
22] off - . sae
ot ese 2
ol4 28 L235.
Wa) 2.52 7272_
old 2.8. EC |
ol4 ed Wea
Cra o.'2 S7eé
Ee _ ob4 te
; cr 6.92 LEZ
Daa men 5
= me HS “Ais .O-
td 29. Geto eS iwi PvE ees . 4S ~
Joy 42 3C.6 LOb Ee 3 Ts WEI
peor y | ag | aya. / 206 _|_£ as | oes 7€0
ered JAC | As3 72 CELE EYES Ort CO 7é0
| se 2¢ 107 €¢ OL 0.36 £0
a St 7 | 28 |e ele Eo.
a EDAME 22 Tl 2o%_ | 7o nerd O.. 2
wtp | fe) &37.7st | 10 Ze — } 462.
__ ees Dene ees ee wore bee eee
TOTAL’ 60 124.429 pyoe [2.10 MLL Kiet “7 | eng
AVERAGE AQF = SSR eR]. LM: [HIB "20 = 0S*Hg| 47,7] Ele
Pm = Pp tOH = 30.26, "Hg i tR

VET/APLE

“Or

LC}


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT 4/24 AV PE Pope DATE OF ANALYSIS  3-2O- 757
EVALUATION LOCATION AVE MAGE Aye, Hie RUN NO. 2O
EVALUATION DATE 2-/9. 757 CLEAN-UP SET NO.  SS> 5

I. EVAPORATION OF “SS (ml) OF 4cerowe

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE

FILTER.
FINAL 74S94,F (mg) - TARE 74 €2 9.6 (mg)
“BLANK (+ OC S77 mg/ml) (/S°STM ml) = +9 ___ ng) = _ 73.9 og.
Il. FILTER CATCH “T3444 AAW # (Media Type & #)
FINAL 24/7. 9 (mg) - TARE 3S. 4 (mg) = 4A 2 mg.
Bacx.ur 792.4 ~ 176,4 = 42 TM
IIL. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON 7
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 727.225 (mg) - TARE 777/E A (mg)
“BLANK ( 7. 3 mg) = 4.9 mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2.30 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 79282.4 (mg) - TARE 79Z7D/ (mg)
-BLANK ((.0022 » mg/ml) ( 230 ml initial

Z

- 77-8 wi CONDENSED = 2/82 ml) = +9 mg) = Eo mg.

V. PARTICULATE FROM /3 9 (ml) OF ACE Tevve- RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 766022(mg) - TARE 7057-282, 5—- (mg)

-BLANK (+0057 mg/ml) (_/3 9 ml) = - § mg) = /27.3 mg.

VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III +IV+v

7G-€ ng.

BLANKS: @un */

FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.

TARE mg.

VFT/AP9 A

158


SECTION
I
IL

III

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE

INTRODUCTION

SUMMARY

DISCUSSION OF EMISSION FACTORS

PROCEDURES
PARTICULATE SAMPLING, CLEAN UP AND ANALYSIS,
POM SAMPLING, REFERENCE PITOT, INTEGRATED GRAB
BAG GAS SAMPLING, PARTICLE SIZING, FUEL DENSITY

AND MOISTURE CONTENT, WOOD WEIGHING AND FIRE
STOKING, GAS ANALYSIS

APPENDIX

A. SELECTION OF THE REPRESENTATIVE FIREPLACE
WITH STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS

B. TABULATION OF THE RATIO OF BACK HALF CATCH
TO FRONT HALF CATCH

C. THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, GRAPH
D. INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, GRAPH

E. POM QUANTIFICATION, TABLE

F. ENERGY BALANCE, % EXCESS AIR, CALCULATIONS

G. PARTICLE SIZING, CALCULATIONS AND GRAPHS

H. VELOCITY CORRECTION COEFFICIENT, CALCULATIONS
I. WOOD BURNING RATES, TABULATION

J. AUXILIARY ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

K. COMPUTER PRINT-OUTS OF PARTICULATE EMISSION
DATA WITH CALCULATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

L. FIELD DATA SHEETS

PAGE
1
1
2-12
12 - 20
21 - 172
22 = 23
24
25
26
27
28 - 36
37 - 47
48 - 50
51
52
53 - 81

82 = 172


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT AYA AY Hee 7 DATE OF ANALYSIS 3~ Z— 7c _
EVALUATION LOCATION 4 Vito A oo 8 OTP AeA = RUN NO. Z
EVALUATION DATE & ~_2 — 7S CLEAN-UP SET NO. 7.2 - 57
I. EVAPORATION OF 9 (ml) OF ACE Tey =
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 743 & (mg) - TARE 2/29 ~ (mg)
BLANK (C057 mg/ml) (_9Q_ ml) =O. 57 mg) =_o.57 mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH AVSA Wook (Media Type)
FINAL #43. 7 (mg) - TARE 727.4 ___ (mg) =_/5.3 mm.
BACK UP 782.3 me - SI aed . 22
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON “Gs 9 omg.
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 2759.9 (mg) - TARE 7: (mg)
-BLANK ( Z. 8 mg) = 70. 5— ng.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2 /O (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 77902.4 (mg) - TARE 77°927,2 (mg)
“BLANK ((,a% 224 mg/ml) ( Ze ml initial
-_ 2.0 ml CONDENSED = 2o/  ml)=o,4 mg) = _/O.4 mg.
V. PARTICULATE FROM 79 (ml) OF 4ACe75//=7 RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL 7978 6.+ (mg) - TARE 7075 46./ (mg)
-BLANK (605 7 ug/ml) (_@o_ ml) = + F_ ang) S93 mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III + I1V+V = 72.57 _ mm.
BLANKS
; FINAL7ZS"? 2. o mg.
ACETONE = + & ng/ 7“) ml = .2o75 7 mg/ml TARE 7Oo- — = ng.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = 7% <2 ng .(FINAL7220, 7 mg -
WATER =, = mg/ (<2 ml = | 2. mg/ml.
VFT/AP9 A

40%


@Q Ul4ienat~ analy sss oF wood
Ret. - Air Pollyten Harrbeok Cp- /~/b)
Magill, PC. M&Grw Hill 1956

Dry basis @ 15% HO
pres eee

cs S52 % Cz 447,
14 = bo Hz S&S, 1965

$= <0/% S- 9

N= 6+] 2 N= ©
O= 40% O= 3476
ash = 296 ash= lo iw
Bre [yh - $700 420 = 1° 7e
Bru//e. = 3200

@ Treoretical ar neesed for comousticn of / Ib

oF wood with. “S95 merstare :

Basic ez vat/orn Lo fom bust urn

C+H0, RH —3 Co, + Heo

TO saktrnine ar reguind Lo- corn Suszeen

Sewers Fe reat, gan Fra

Ccoleulare gin~
reggae =A

ad C+IO,— > COr

On. FFIEC 3245.02 56.9 Sor 4
x x
18,.N00e 72 /0.€ 7/0. 02

- , cCFac
£6G.2 SCF a ©
Oo wee


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

-
CLIENT fe RUN NO,

“ ; 2
LOCATION AV EVPAHCE Ayer 22 cE 0. 5 = 5
OPERATOR — Gewranigcon 6s CALD DATE 7/25 /7s—

SAMPLE BOX_C.L/Y -

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)
FINAL INITIAL | NET

H)0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) a _
2 ’ 7 .

BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 m water) |_79/ © 447.5 | 3,57

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) | &4é <? F4sR] yh

BUBBLER (#3 DRY) 327 Dek -
H0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml 650.2 | Gare 79

TOTAL 4,0 COLLECTED, ml /3, a

VOL. OF HO VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =

0.0474 x TOTAL H20 0.6355

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, 4%

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100~% MOISTURE _IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG, DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C

88


€8

Stead up ¥ Stab hk 64-5

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

CLIENT OPA AT ee Re vIC SEATTLE, WASHINGTON BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pp) BGA2D ty
PORT LOCATION She — CAs te TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET AMBIENT COMDITIONS® Lc ese sf
DATE <2 > ws IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps)_<2>'? "20 =___“Hg
OPtRATOR/S Sectoid Suapco ceca? Leak cHece DOWELL @ 23,5" UaVee Py Pg Ps 22g
RUN NO, 7. ALDER wooa— oo ous @S ASSUMED MOISTURE___2.:?
SAMPLE & HETER BOX MMBERS EC a e e- fa c Factor - 9-4 — 4
"LED . —_— =
weven pox an 7 ZOO 7 S16. Zs REF. AP a 2p ot” /
Freten wo. 2273 9 tare 423.7 mg  B-v 10-5 177-0 STACK ames 55 area /-/7.9 52
CLEAN-UP NO. Lo BLANKS a per, Pe, ome Bh Cegpeiae a9 PROBE NOZZLE, DIA. IM; Mn 00/36 F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING %¢< _& 5 ¢ _ SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT prove venetu 2 2e SA SOs 2 4 in,
INSTANTANEQUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
Stock | ELAP. | ony GAS METER | ORY FAS TERP. | BOK IwerNceR} POINT | PrTOT va | ORIFICE av PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME F TEM. | TEMP. “H vAcUUN | TEMP. oR
(24nrs) | (min) | (cusic Feet) [ inet | oureeT | (°F) | (°F) (rHg0) | oesinep | _acruan_| ("ig Gad] (°F) x02
U4Ae | 2 $96.29 7) 23 | 7272 | 2/0 |e on Tae — 4 = 5 er _
7e27 [2 $37 22 | ze |23 [2eo)s> Fo a ec a OC <3 an an eer
V7 49 | 4 | sees | ze 33 [22 [so F3 “oe “Bo lene leno L792 loos:
Woe | 6 ls 9937 [po [oa [ovo Teo p= sow fe 8D |l82 [eo feo 157
La 2% 3 lvoe 2 2 2Q¢-e | S39 = " G2 = oO a 5) “9 4 - 9957
bes S| fo 1 Gen gh | Ba D+ 250 [eo CoE 42 278
7; 4 er a BL Poh BH? =A : 3. 2 fo Vie PP) tel
V2Z97 | ce |O43. 59 | Be | py |e2ecise FF 20 Lds~ Toes
[422 3 | 4 ort. GY 8s | 25-1230 Tsu FO So DO Bose
7a boy Dy 18s 2? boo [sy 3% 44735
Bin 27 |2rs— leo Basa 22 2 oe
a ers raed Qed S90) Z_j.299-
z: £ ra wl 2.2 1777 Fae] 69957
i T¥e | fia fess ven eS
do 26 (SK 4 LOGS
od - 2, oeany
f———-pe 2.2 Wot
—z2 om on
3 Dae woe
eed aels
2,7 wry
“4 a.
ated ATS Y 2, ¢ /H20} “\e
BL wf -54/ OR 6 3 “20 od (*Ho



flow recorded during traverse sampling if the flow fluctuations would have
been significant. The procedures used in sampling and calculations involving
the reference pitot are found in Section IV. Example calculations of a
velocity correction coefficient (See Appendix H) indicate that three of

the most variable samples required an average air flow adjusted increase of
2.2%. Therefore, the resulting correction in total air flow from the flue
gases for all runs would be less than 2.2%. With this correction so slight,
a correction was not made in reported flows.

A special expanded inclined manometer (24 inches long) was utilized to obtain
precise stack pitot readings. The velocities of the stack gas averaged 2.15
meters per/sec, on 20 runs, with such low velocities the expanded manometer
was most useful.

Wood burning rates, (tabulated in Appendix I), were determined from data collected
during sampling runs. The wood burning rate for all types of wood in the
particulate samples excluding one smolder run and the glass fireplace screen

run was 7.4 kg per hour. Procedures for determining fuel consumption rates are
found in Section IV.

The ultimate heating efficiency of the reference fireplace was determined in

an energy balance found in Appendix F. The efficiency at 70°F outside tempera~
tures was determined to be 30%. With lower outside temperatures, this efficiency
will decrease,

The moisture content and density of the fuel consumed during this project are
found in Table IV. The average moisture content of the wood fuel was 12.5%.
The wood fuel density averaged 0.52 grams per cubic centimeter. The fuel
analysis procedures are found in Section IV.

Two projects separate from this report were previously performed by Valentine,

Fisher & Tomlinson. The atmospheric emission parameters of these projects are
found in Appendix J.

1


APPENDIX K, COMPUTER PRINT-OUTS OF PARTICULATE EMISSION DATA
WITH CALCULATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

53


cLiENT E& PA FIREPLACE
SAMPLING POINT LOCATION OWT-S/ OE” EXTE LW SLOLS

DATEAYSS. 3 FI” RUN No. Z 3 HOW COLLECTED VECRATE P

TIME OF SAMPLE

CUMULATIVE
% BY VOL. (DRY)

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

covtect on aerpane TIME OF ANALYSIS AQGG.2S, IIS

7 2~

ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS ! ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
[Sn ee > ee =

COo t
]

OS” Ot | O5-' |

cO2 + 02

20.8 29.7 29.8

C02 + O02 + CO

20.9 208 209 |

:
| :

COMPONENT = [ratio \wr./MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 | #2!) 3 #45 _AVG. | MoLE wr\ (DRY)
cog 1s 4 op | ge7 | 4a/t00 |, 2087
02 20,3, 20.3, 20,3! 20,2 | 32/100 Z.ggy
\ : : ' !
co oO) | Ol | oO.) | | Ou) | 28/100 | 1.6 28
| |
t 7 t
! 1 i
' t
| it
| :
Np (loo-above)! 79.1 | TE 2 1 7F] | 179.122! 28/100 [22.157
AVG. MOLECULAR 23.39

VET, AP4E

WT. DRY STACK GAS

17G



$é

LO’ LWT oR @ Q4Y"

START OP? et Furl -- ©RAB BAG We, +4
_ VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON 6 8 = 5)
CLIENT LOA) Falter bee SEATTLE. WASHINGTON BARIHETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) 7. 9 / "Hg
PORT LOCATIONS een k Ox fers lore TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET AMBIENT CONDITIONSCZoUDY  ES°
DATE Seer 22, 1/975 avo AMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps) O "0 =___O_“Hg
operators 36! vo JA Log are Vis eb @lo!E Psy = PB + Ps ee!
pun No. -F ALDER STACT vp . TM 52? assume moisture J 1
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERSGAZV &___/ 2. ro) @ fe be ¢ Factor» 2X 5
METER Box an__/- # z mua © (9 48 REF. AP op whe Oy ;
FILTER NO. 24-0 TAREGQ £4" 7 /Biemy 3, 2G ; a STACK DINENSTONSOA/</TK ‘ane S27 709 2 Porsde 2.
12 @ We 1s Ay 29430 Side 04
CLEAN-UP NO. i BLANKS s CRD Pe muning W comple lon af rua PROBE NOZZLE orn. Y2_ Ins Anz 22/2 p2 >
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 8 SCHEMATIC “OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH 3 __FT.,__ IN.
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER DRY £5) TEMP. BOX JIMPINGER] POINT | PITOT VH | ORIFICE AH PUMP stack | opacity | 2° Pe7e7
TIME TIME F Tew. | TEMP. Cilzoh. vacam | TEMP. OR C2
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC FEET) INLET OUTLET | (°F) (°F) (“H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)| (°F)
4 y fs, @ ay, 2 - > = = - a r
= . SS tbL G24 a Ae ae EYES #4 wag {.2ls | oy [Zo [aro
NK) 5 poG2,2 3. a + no? fe 3e [7° [70 Pp
CLD | th F | Cd. B por <h. poy |- 32 |. 32 | 405 p>
22 AF | ty o. God 23 69--- #2 wre iv 7S [250
Hoty 2s 22 |bGR © 24 22 5 Poo
wh L pelea 29474 $3 mw a Ie
ler >) | dt zl es AQ a 3 or
72.37 Chin 30 | 74 |46 “Le 2 7 tb
EPA Jol GS. 22s] 9s~ | 67 DO? Se
"aly . : 357 | * cae L
24*) 2h :
Lev-P-/
2934
Adel) _
Vat? OFZ
— - a “Fy an i ae a SF

You ldo | vst ey (see |/46/ EX) (AL AB. la744
AVERAGE 72 °F 5 32eR JO. “N29 "0.3 “H9} 44 237
Pas Pp tAH = 29 8S “Hg 697 R



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLlent ELPA 4; pees. 2c =a DATE OF ANALYSIS S/2//7
EVALUATION LOCATION 4 /£2--% FUR EPL LE RUN NO. <3
EVALUATION DATE 2/Ree 77 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 92-5
I. EVAPORATION OF 70 (ml) OF — ACETCryEW
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 77225.C(mg) - TARE 772/7.3 (mg)
“BLANK (_.2¢5°7_mg/ml) (_ 79 ml) =. mg) = P23 x.
Il. FILTER CATCH 34 //Om Br) 3 (Media Type & #)
FINAL 392.6 (mg) - TARE Binz. ST (mg) = 2S. / mg.
BALK YP? 4§8b6./ mg =~ o/ me « o
IIL. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION oO —————~-({( 7
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 773267 (mg) - TARE _773023.3 (mg)
4
“BLANK (____/. 8 mg) = see ng.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 20 S_ (m1) WATER

IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 789792 (mg) - TARE 79935 857 (mg)

BLANK ((.0025% mg/ml) ( 205 ml initial
- 73 ml CONDENSED = 4/92 ml) = _.6~ mg) = /O.2. mg.

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM 725 (ml) OF _ ACE 7¢r/E~ RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 7706 SO (mg) - TARE 779 272 (mg)

- 77.
“BLANK (20057 mg/ml) (_/Qs ml) = +7 mg) = / ng.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = 1+ II + IIL + 1V+V = 70,2 mg.
BLANKS fey */
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = mg/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE ag.

VFT/AP9 A

169


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION Day

JOB NAME EPA Lier Piace DATE. B-/2- 75

t ’

PREPARED BY. =z APPROVED PAGE. OF.
SUBJECT YEASTS. Pin L9
z.c7> VOLm vtec VH
Pm ceqeeces ts 7. rercrges Ke
Tstd on tees e
26043 vtesd Mp
Tm oie VH “7. NH TS.cc65 Vo
: 8b ce
2e77i71F VObstd _ _. ” Ts csaneee, Ts ier? As
on . TES*t3o5en
ceili Vokw ; : Qs
> . Sizer f.
2ecsedis . Tes ~ Estq
a 77M lez 656 gy
sete 20072 gS
3 on “Pn
2+Ci8 6ée
676
ae 38472751
. 2+c16
* 666
De2696%5
t c+G1s
655
30124465

74 ¢


lest Ahreush cAimneys

(2) Hear cs
97 —y3 oe

OCuteos - \
-/ tema, —TM"“ Ne .
Is i Gasde? 300°F

_| i ave,

Wlasoary

Lig:

rz

Tota i Chimney Area? Meglet wall Facing

. ’ tf.
house Since heat is transtereds +o Aease ane

ts phere rw. not Jos &

A, = U5 '\C 2.0!) + 26.97 1s')
= 69.6 ++

Assume average wall temp. = 300°F

,

R o.257 of hr-Li*/ Ba x

outside

Rorickh = O.€ Btu Lb/hn, LetOF

t
R prick = = . ae = 0.625 Fin lithe,
Reoral = EK = 0,875 *F-be-L.*/ Bs

Heat ass through chim ney , Qe,
Use 606 Ft* grea

@ ATA (300-7060. 5 Bou)
CH 7 = — ee p
id R- 9.87 ge x 15,929 or,



PAICRPONS

DIA.

—_

-4E€

PAPT

80 05 0.2 0.10.05 0.01

0.01 00501 02 O5 1


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT PA FP Teme DATE OF ANALYSIS @~- 7- 7.57
EVALUATION LOCATION 4 VE es. J PEP 4a RUN NO. wd
EVALUATION DATE G-6-7E- CLEAN-UP SET NO. PAs
I. EVAPORATION OF “OO (ml) OF ACen ss”

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.

FINAL 72 7.2 ¢.3 (mg) - TARE 2O77C- 2 (mg)

“BLANK (. 905 7 mg/ml) (_/a¢ ml) = - © __ mg) = 2.
Il. FILTER CATCH 4Vs4y //c5 2 OY (Media Type)

FINAL 272.C (mg) - TARE _ 25°77. (mg) = 73

BACK YR = 193,5-° (MGs — 475.7 ome) = 428
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON >
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 7957, 5 (mg) - TARE 79755 7. (mg)
“BLANK ( 48 mg) =_§.2

IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2s/ (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 7°7 O68,3 (mg) - TARE 7P7OS C.F (mg)
-BLANK (90225 mg/ml) ( as ml initial

- S/N Z ml CONDENSED = 239.8 ml) = .7 mg) = /7.2

v. PARTICULATE FROM 4os~ (ml) OF ACE 7er/= _ RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 2@// 27 (mg) - TARE 72 * ig (mg)
-BLANK (.cos7 mg/ml) (_7oO27 ml) = QAG_ mg) = 22.3
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III +IV+V = E22
BLANKS: -
FINAL § 528.
ACETONE = 2.9 mg/_/40 mi= 0,005) mg/ml TARE Bric,
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = /, mg .(FINAL 79 290.7 mg - TARE YG 279.7
WATER =. F mg/_ /40 m= -00286  ag/ml. FINAL 7 4 773.
TARE _ 76472,

VFT/AP9 A


APPENDIX J

Auxiliary Atmospheric Emission Data

Two projects separate to this study were performed by Valentine, Fisher &
Tomlinson wherein atmospheric emissions were measured from combustion of fuels
in residential fireplaces. The first project was evaluating emissions from a
compacted-waste-wood formed into a log and burned under simulated fireplace
conditions. The results of the emissions are shown in Table VI. The

second project was sampling atmospheric emissions from burning alder wood in a
residential fireplace and were reported in a paper by W. D. Snowden and

I. J. Primlani titled "Atmospheric Emissions from Residential Space Heating,"
presented at the Pacific Northwest International Section of the Air Pollution
Control Association annual meeting in Boise, Idaho, in November, 1974, Emissions
from the second project are also shown in Table VI.

Table VI

Auxiliary Fireplace Atmospheric Emission Data

Project Burning Rate Stack Stack Gas Pollutant
No. (BR) Temp. Flow Rate Mass Rate(PMR) %CO2 (PMR/BR)
1 8 kg/hr 54° C 414.2 m3/min 18.8 gm/hr 0.2% 2.4 em/kg
2 19.8 kg/hr 107°C) «11.7 m3/min 129 gm/br 0.25% 6.5 gm/kg

3* 7258 kg/hr 363° C 3881 m/min 34500 gm/hr 3.5% 4.8 gm/kg

*Air Curtain Wood Waste Combustion System

52


CLIENT = FA Secteur

VALENTIN:, FISEER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

7
<

Ky

eyo

EL Aged

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION

DATE O27 7 RUN NO.

HorieveHuRe~ £6

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION

TIME OF ANALYSIS

HOW COLLECTED /% ~¢.-

ez

CUMULATIVE . [ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #3 im
C09 Og 6,3 | O.F
c02 + 02 Zo.8 | 20,8 25,9
cop +02+c0|702 129, 3 21.6

i
COMPONENT RATIO \wr. /MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 #4 AVG. | MOLE wr\ (DRY)
cog OF g.2 | Od oO. # | 44/100 |. /7%
02 20.4, | 2o. = 20.57 20.5-| 32/100 [45%
co ° Oo 2.1 O_|easio | ©
No (100-Above)| 79.2 | 79.2 79.2 72. / | 28/100 |22./44

VET/AP4B

137

AVG. MOLECULAR

WT. DRY STACK GAS


APPENDIX H |
Velocity Correction -‘Coeffictent |

The reference point velocity correction calculation was performed on 3 of the j
variable samples. Findings are discussed on Page 8. The procedures. for measy
' and_cal i dur » Page 13, OF.

eee

sussect_REFFRENCE Pont VELocITY CoRR EtTON | PUN _B

i! { vod

_—| ta AN Rep Vip
“Seto aca

fot { {
an _ lo | |!
2 _ i] ener y See Log | |
2: aks ian | i qsaz |
Cee OO, ;
gi ! ait Poi
! : ! Lib : i at . 1-08: |!
Seda ae Poe
ee ; it
—G) ie H
Pot i for ft L122. toil dy

jog: | 2 |

Pee i Li4p | i LL tosh itt

i yet tt 142 {thug i | | ges” _

| i rt i RO i

i Wl nn 14a 1a ARS

ee ee ee ee

Po es [les _ tt [ae 8S | |

| a | irae | | saai i | gee TTT
i

| |Aviied | | Aw biog

|} |} }—- ; “

| | |) | mn
Lt i ve VERAGE. fevecdity += [ i ' ii
i : i ' |} a i : t a
= if i 5 22 i } = TEA VERSE AE [ora Tani “og
7 _ INU Tt 1 ] Hi [
en ee ee -_ pa _ |
| Go By T4 7K se I Set eet Moe! |
pea SO hale ed

ii ! _—__ : —— .
Stowine THAT THE! AuegAce Tenveese VEL
ii se te! Pty

Lo ee a —
ey ds Soe Biel 4160 See cel 18.8% er
Li mc ; yt
| : 1 -TRUR AVERAGE VELOC,

_ on en



‘ALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

ONSULTING ENGINEERS / COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

yp name © PA FIREPLACE pate Z Lou. L97.
separeD BY _-SHVALYS OV APPROVED PAGE 7 or—Z
iwect_ FIREPLACE EraissionS RUN 29 ar-s-
2+537 VOLm co+o1 VH 5*c15 VH
+33 .
5 é&S Ts 672 Ts 2552655 Ke
Pm 24657669 re3749¢1
Tstd :
Im o+s23 Cp
c*o14 VH 2:01 VH 7+414626 Vo
- 6é8e 705 +
17965355 Ts o° Ts 1+i7 As
VOlstd si cssaay 2+655183
2°555 VOLw rr 5.033 S20*5C7440 Qo
c+ 5.
665 220 s
75514300 . 530 Ts
veseo0 M 2+2554646 3+959411 — ne
ae 2948
5 765657 MF oeo16 grote 55 Pen
e633 Wd 689 729 387+375366
7+2S564654 76354112 Qos
2e-c1sé2e Ww
. a C+G1l 0*016 653 Ts
troreses Cd 667 119 530 sta
ae <
saree Psn 2+70668S 25370455 25°35 Pen
36 40.7
Mrooii71 Gs 0-015 0+669 6190136 An
680 6385
39193743 29462541 7+392599 Vp_
99761455 |
0023 Geo1l
695 679 Tore By
3+956124 2°714774 crc€0622 |
0-021 0+013
716 695 Ct? oN
3*861346 3*095627 Z€27322 ¢€

aol
677
2°6013922

o*0i1
677
2°728919

°
YAO
BO
Wow

a
»
w

C*G1i
665

2°712747

77



28

2 CRAB BAG ME . Po
beak rats <a 65-5

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

CLIENT Lee al ce SEATTLE, WASHINGTON BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pq) 2-7» __*g
PORT LOCATION 204, ac LS TRAVERSE SAMPLING @ATA SHEET AMBIENT CONDITIONS 4 a2¢ go, Z
DATE 2) ey 2 9 IMPORTANT: ELL INURL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps)_-?« 1 "H20 =___“Hg
yd Dre Ar! d Sat tk, aM mabey for panB Poy = Pg + P. 30,2 5— "Hg
OPERATOR/S curd abeinecs AA eastelehty "00" Ae Ba Gib. © Hott SH
RUN NO. Zu _ fe DEE ae , De ASSUMED MOISTURE__=% 00»)
2° Blb, hs 4b i
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS! be C FACTOR _»

7 a Gn © 177 THs ;
oT ei ar CO 4 REF. APJ? 26g TT yy?

veTER 00x an ZF gt 7G ——___ 3 Tbs Reenaiovery jkr /
FILTER NO.QS~ Se TARE “422.0 omg BU/Z Sy ih Adhd STACK DIMES TONS A/7#5; ‘AREA_L./ 2 F2
cuean-up no. 23; BLANKS & 122d a 2 I RU. necro curry PROBE NOZZLE ora. 22 VIN; AN sed2t2@ F2.
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 32 _§ _3Q_ SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT” PROBE LENGTH _“S__FT._IN.’.
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECGRDEO @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL RVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
suock | etap. | ony as weTeR | ony fas Temp. | pox fanptacen| rowwt | pitor vi | onIFice fn PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME F) TEMP. | TEMP. (“#20 vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24urs) | (min) | (cupic Feet) | incet | ourcet | (°F) | <*F) (igo) [ pesineo | actum_| (iy cad] (°F) x02
~ oa) = A z Z. Z
4°30 2 GLa} 29 Z 28 Zz B12, a rs ee Dh a A Ig [ot | ors
22 [24 l2os=| 23 A 3 2257} sOG eto | ___} say»
29 \2ae | xg fp ape Tt Jeers
te 7 = “2 2 a Sls welts
22 240 Ls = ’
c SS = Hon f Le 2s ral) ae
Ra |25u He Py al 263
Zo |eto [ox Pee 7 xs =o tf, van
22 " . ] lone
os. rae)
273 | SR kD
Gp | Be a
26. | 37. Loto

Pe
-Ure

Lao

nt?

GPR IL oe,
~ ere asd

eyo, OF 9 roe

ab gpg bb :
tom | 29 [27 5-22boa/ l/792//% 29 LIL N 467A ZS | BS 26
{ averace [7 BF esl LZ) ef a 3"H20 4 SHay: A226

Pm Pa tOW © 500.0%) MH GBer



Client LUCA, F/UREPLACE

CASCADE IMPACTOR DATA

— .0006

Sampling Location AVER ASE F(RECCA ce
Date & //2/2s
Run Number £2 82-5
Comments
PARTICULATE
FINAL TARE NET PARTICULATE
(gm) (gm) (gm)
Cyclone 76.7264 - 26.7242 = 100/16
Stage #1 3.2992 - _3.2992 = 1200]
Stage #2 3.4522 -_Zygs2i = .OQoo/
Stage #3 35337 - 353397 = _. 90°94
Stage #4 3.31353 -_ 3.3170 = 1.0003
Stage #5 3.9135 -_ 32.5)/29 2 9096
Filter (#27-S ) (Pst - 170. | = Oo I
TOTALS - = gg 42
MOISTURE
FINAL TARE NET WATER
(gm) (gm) (ml = gm)

Bubbler (#1)
Impinger (#2)
Bubbler (#3)
Bubbler (#4)

TOTALS

42


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT EDA fer sek - = DATE OF ANALYSIS 2. 2~ 7 5—
EVALUATION LOCATION AVE PAGE Fi e5serc= RUN NO. 7 2
EVALUATION DATE @-~©&- 757 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 7 7—-S
I. EVAPORATION OF 9 (ml) OF _ 4ce zo We
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 27043, 6(mg) - TARE 77O038.€ (mg)
~BLANK (_,co = Dmg/ml) (_7 € ml) =_.G mg) = _ FA.Z ag.

II. FILTER CATCH AQSA //06 RY (Media Type)

FINAL 4o4% 7 (mg) - TARE 35-9. 7 (mg) =_ AB mg.
BACKK- UP 182-4 (9) 47H B (79) S 3./ mg

IIL. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.~

FINAL2799 7/ (mg) - TARE 777974 45— (mg)

“BLANK ( 18 mg) = oo. mg.

IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF — 2/5 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 2725%.7 (mg) - TARE 7272.3 9,6 (mg)

“BLANK ((.00O285 mg/ml) ( 2/75 ml initial
- _ S43 ml CONDENSED = 203.7 ml)= -6 mg) = 42-5 og.

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM/3 2 (ml) OFA CE TONE RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL? 70 _c,2 (mg) - TARE 77073.3 (mg)
“BLANK (_.005 7 mg/ml) (720 ml) = -7 mg) - a2 mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I + II + III +IV+V = 78.2 mg.
9 F
BLANKS UW /
FINAL 79526.6 ng.
ACETONE = 1 ng/_ /€O_ml= 0.0057 mg/ml TARE 28535 8 mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE ng)
WATER = ng/ nl = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE mg.
VFT/AP9 A

128


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT = PA =/RE PLACE DATE OF ANALYSIS &-f-—-77 S—
EVALUATION LOCATION 4 VeRsceE” AYR E PLACE RUN NO. if
EVALUATION DATE S—_—- 3B ~~ 7.5 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 7.7 -.5—
I. EVAPORATION OF 9. __ (ml) OF Ace rov=
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 77 266.7 (mg) - TARE 77 2G 0.7 (mg)
~BLANK (. 005 7 mg/ml) (_90 ml) ©.5 mg) = Ss 2 mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH 4YSA_ //06 8B (Media Type)
FINAL $32.3 (mg) - TARE 422. ¢ (mg) = 42.4 __ og.
Broke UP 793.9 (mp— SBA2 (mg) = /3.7 me
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON Ss
WATER IN IMPINGER AND: BUBBLERS.
FINAL 7io9 /2./ (mg) - TARE 726 200.7 (mg)
“BLANK ( 1: 8 mg) = 9b mm.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF #0 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 7 9 20/.2 (mg) - TARE 79/90.2 (mg)
“BLANK ((.0929 mg/ml) (__2#° ml initial
- _/2. F ml CONDENSED = 227G MID =O. 7 mg) = YO. 3 og.
V. PARTICULATE FROM 22 (ml) OF ACE 7os/E RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL7 9665.9 (mg) - TARE 7296 24.2 (mg)
-BLANK (0057 mg/ml) (_7O ml) =O, __ mg) = 20.7 ng.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III +IV+vV = _ 7O.5- we.
BLANKS
— FINAL 7852.4 mg.
ACETONE = ©. & mg/ 7/49 ml = »>COS7 ng/ml TARE 2P525.3 mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = 1.2 mg.(FINAL7926c.7 mg - TARE 772 7€.9_ mg)
WATER = _¢ mg/ /F¥C_ ml = .Co2S 7, mg/ml. FINAL 74 + ng.
TARE Taio mg.

VFT/AP9 A


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET
CLIENT A, PA. FIREPLACE

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Ov7s/O& EXTENSION

DATEAKG G 797.57 RUN NO. /O HOW COLLECTEDZW7EGR@4TED GRAB BAG
TIME OF SAMPLE cottection72 7% 74° ‘vive oF analysis A&G. 7

CUMULATIVE j ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
Z BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 | #2 : #3 |
| | |
C02 OA : 93 | OF | !
7 : * \
i
coz + 02 .9 | 208 | 22.8.
cor +02+CO| o49 | 34,0 | Zo |
+ 1 :
t
|
| ‘
| |
I + + i ~ -
COMPONENT | | RATIO \wr. /MOLE
% BY voL.(pay)| #1 | #2) i #6 AVG. | MOLE wr\_(DRY)
coz \O¢ | 93 | oF ly. & [44/100 |, /76
; a a
02 _20.¢ . 245 | Zag | 20.4 | 32/100 | 6 252%
1
co :O.Z | Oo 2 | 02 | C.2 | 2a/100 | 95%
T :
A : \ | 6.93 | 39.5 “n| 367
T
! 1
| j
] T
No (100-Above)| 79.0 79 | 73.0 | [72.0 | 28/100 |22./2
AVG. MOLECULAR 28.38
WT. DRY STACK GAS
VET/APL2

121


OTT

VALENTINE FISt ER & TOMLINSON

client 2A? fn PURE. SEATTLE, V/ASHINGTON “BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) 3.2/5 "Hg
PORT LOCATION TEAL TRAVERSE SAMFLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATELC 4 _cFM @__2*> “HG
DATE eh Ler AMBIENT CONDITION FLL IN ALL BLANKS, PORT PRESSURE (Ps)__¢?__"H20 =__¢? __ “Hg
Caton! Come Poy Pat Psy St
RUN NO. Add 92% © Gi e% ASSUMED woIsTURE__/¢2 4 MAX viI___“HLO
SAMPLE & HETER Box MuMBens GLU SS 1” & pores c Factor 4.077
METER Box an__/- C92 27 & yo/26 REF AROSE —__
FILTER NO. SS "6 TARE_DBG.7__mg STP BF LEET OLE 80 STACK DINENSIONS (9° “J-+ AREA F2
CLEAN-UP NO, 4573 BLANKS a PROBE NOZZLE DIA, L2 IN; Ay >. F2
BOX 4 PROBE HEATER SETTING 2S0"4_ 307% SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH 2 _nuwrr_( stoc_2_
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL _] AVERAGE VALUES:READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER oRY fas, TEMP. BOX |IMPINGEItY POINT | PITOT vH | ORIFICE AH PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME {F TEMP. | TEMP. ("H20) VACUUM TEMP. GR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (cupic Feet) | inet | ourueT | (°F) | (°F) ("Hz0) _[ vestred | actuat | ("Hg GA)| (°F) 3002
Go =e: - + “ =, ee ae ar a — <
a ee Ca a ee ee 4AL ot |e OS ee
|ozeg sé | Gs sy | ess] 40. Doel
as) ? : <p 2 | Oe | OG loa fee | 770
VBA: 2 AF aT lo 7 Z.c | /Gs
2EL o. F_. 4) Orso. O66 | 25 LES
aS oo Bi or |e. : 2,0 | 77>
are Ot. 2 oll 2.0 | Zea
LTS 3 ols Zo | FO
tM. 8 4 a7 2S 221.
24 204 a ai eo | 27
Behe z 2 OL 22 | 772
275.24 Bolg Bo | Le:
+ 4 QO. V4 3-0 Vital
Di 2.0) 2-2 | 7&4
ae > ce) 205 LES 7
ne 3 | ert By | ee
ara 4 Ole Le CEs
2+ rw 2.013 P.2 SES
Eas. L —s 2 =
; 2 2/3 . | ves
eee 4 | alsa z 7p
E€o7.4 : San ae Ors ¢ ,
: . -_ TE
07.42 | fol |e) 4E a LO} 127
ns a a oe a es ae Woe yoo bee poe
tor “1 bo | 2'°7.027 | 2/83 [722 MLL ; Bio] A/S | 2529
AVERAGE TAF = SBER f, LL AD "20,05 7/7176
7 Pm= Pg tH = 3%) 2k “Hg| G3GR

VET/APLE

.
ee

ly Pe
c -3

OF

-O"
rr
mar
or4
2OF
ef
OL
27

ev
os
or
ch
er/
2Cf/Q
Oe
of


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT €£ £4 pr yevse 22. DATE OF ANALYSIS ©&-/ ¢ ~7s—
EVALUATION LOCATION AY ee eee RUN NO. “42
EVALUATION DATE  &-/ 2- DS CLEAN-UP SET NO. 6 3-- =~
I. EVAPORATION OF 7 7 (ml) OF — 4cae 7 S057
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 797247 (mg) - TARE 747752 (mg)
“BLANK (-coS 7 mg/ml) (__37Z ml) =_- #_ mg) = SH mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH /<'SH //op 3-7 # (Media Type & #)
2 FINAL 397.0 (mg) - TARE 357/. & (mg) = FA¢ mg.
ACK UP 722.7 mgm 725-6 m9 - > / 7:
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 7.9.3 22.4 (mg) - TARE 792722 (mg)
-BLANK (“= ng) = /3.6 ag.
IV, PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 3 > 5 (m1) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION —
FINAL 7272¢S (mg) - TARE WG7//,7 (mg)
~BLANK (_.cc2ee mg/ml) ( 3257 ml initial
- 76-6 mi conpensep = SC8.Fm1) = 1.9 mg) = 77-7 og.
V. PARTICULATE FROM /¥O (al) OF ACE Vor/E~ RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL 792 2 2.2 (mg) - TARE_7 9202.3 (mg) .
“BLANK (.co 57 mg/ml) (_yeto ml) = + € _ mg) = S./ ng.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = 1 + II + IIL + IV+V = 97.57 ag.
BLANKS un */
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = mg/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE ng)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE mg.
VFT/AP9 A ——___

~+0


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT 2 PA 4 lef PL ALE DATE OF ANALYSIS  &-20-73
EVALUATION LOCATION 4 /erese GE Fyre = RUN NO. 72
EVALUATION DATE F-/39- 7s CLEAN-UP SET NO. gg-5"_
I. EVAPORATION OF _-/ G0 (m1) OF Ac ere
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 2 7227.0 (mg) - TARE 7 7?O Ss, / (mg)
-BLANK (_.d¢ 57 mg/ml) ( ZgC_ul) = +9 _ mg) = 76 mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH AZ SA //O» 2/7 4} (Media Type & #)
FINAL £2 2Z¢ (mg) - TARE 228, / (mg) =_ 32.9 xg.
BAL IP 799,57 mg 776, 4 mg

n
~
N
5)
4

III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY” ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION on”
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.

FINAL 766023 (mg) - TARE PELO4ATS (mg)

“BLANK (___@- & img) = 6.7 _ mg.

IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 220 (m1) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 76882./(mg) - TARE 2695-42 (mg)

~BLANK ((. 20296 mg/ml) ( ZZO ml initial
-_/7.2 ml CONDENSED = 2/2,2 ml) = +6 mg) = // 3 mg.
V. PARTICULATE FRM /39 (ml) OF ACE7ey= RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL 290 .34,9(mg) - TARE 2902 3.9 (mg)
~BLANK (_- Cos ?mg/ml) (_/39 ml) = -S__ ng) = “OC, > ww.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + IIT +IvV+v = G44 ag.
BLANKS (un #/
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg «(FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE ng.

VFT/AP9 A

154


This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report
technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are available
free of charge to Federal employees, current contractors and grantees,

and nonprofit organizations - as supplies permit - from the Air Pollution
Technical Information Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; or, for a fee, from the National Technical
Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161.

This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by Valentine,
Fisher & Tomlinson, Seattle, Washington 98101, in fulfillment of Contract No.
68-02-1992. The contents of this report are reproduced herein as received

from Valentine, Fisher & Tomlinson. The opinions, findings, and conclusions
expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Environmental
Protection Agency. Mention of company or product names is not to be considered
as an endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.

Publication No. EPA-450/3-76-010

ii


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT Z LA Fy Pt DA = DATE OF ANALYSIS

EVALUATION LOCATION Ayo 2 - 07 ee RUN NO.

Z

~/4. 75

7 >

z

EVALUATION DATE C-/i- 2 CLEAN-UP SET NO.

I. EVAPORATION OF  /v7 2 (ml) OF Age oye

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.

FINAL 2770 2.3 (mg) - TARE V7 S695 4% (mg)
~BLANK (_. Gos 7 mg/ml) (7/2 ml) =. G_ mg)

Il. FILTER CATCH 4¥SA //0G BH #4 (Media Type & #)

FINAL 2°°8 @ (mg) - TARE 2.57 /. 2 (ae)
BYR JP 20.7 mam 17 @.%
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION on
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.

FINAL 292729 (mg) - TARE 792£29.5 (mg)
“BLANK ( 7-2 mg)

IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 290 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 79/ © 3, (mg) - TARE?9C 95.7 (mg)

BLANK ((. 70294 mg/ml) ( 2228 ml initial
~ _/3.7 ml CONDENSED = 294, 3 ml) = - ng)

Ble

72. /

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM 7.25 (ml) OF Acero RINSE OF IMPINGER,

BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 77/6/,2 (mg) - TARE _77/4#9,.% (mg)

~BLANK (_-c95 7 mg/ml) (_/24 ml) =_. 7 _ mg)

VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I + If + LIL +IV+V

TO f
BLANKS ~ 4 u-t" ASS

FINAL
ACETONE = ng/ ml = ng/ml TARE

ETHER-CHLOROFORM = ng FINAL mg - TARE

WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL
TARE

VFT/AP9 A

of

£2. &
S04

ng.

ng.

mg.

mg.

mg.

mg.

mg)

mg.
mg.


Client ZO Ds SPs 2 ce DATE OF ANALYSIS 7- 3O-7.S~
EVALUATION LOCATION 4 YE P42 FO 32. 4CE RUN NO. @
EVALUATION DATE 2%—-30—757 CLEAN-UP SET NO. oo Ss
I. | EVAPORATION OF 22 (ml) OF Acerove
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 7274 7..2-/ (mg) - TARE DP2?ZERo (mg)
-BLANK (205 7 mg/ml) (_Vo ml) =. mg) =_ 27 ng.
Il. FILTER CATCH # (Media Type & #)
FINAL399,.5-/_ (mg) - TARE 395.5 (mg) = Fo/ ng.
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
-BLANK ( mg) = mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF (m1) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
-BLANK (( mg/ml) ¢ ml initial
- ml CONDENSED = ml) = mg) = mg.
Vv. PARTICULATE FROM (ml) OF RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
-BLANK (( mg/ml) ( ml) = mg) = mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III +1V+V = SAT mg.
BLANKS
— FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg.(FINAL | mg - TARE mg)
WATER. = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE ng.
VET/AP9 A

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

105

~
XN


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS

/ COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

jo Name EPA SF UREPLACE- pate AWGUSTEITS
PREPARED BY_S9VWA WSO AK APPROVED PAGE L or—£
sussect_ LUREPL ace epussiovs Run #9 _23-s~
32*059 yotum o+912 VH G+o15 VH
29661 5 635 Ts 630 Ts 2°057345 Kg
539 m 2+766434 2*074685
Tstd C62
567 o7 825 p
‘m os. VH c*015 VH 7+475579 Vg
629 695 1°170
29*656479 Ts Ts As
VObstd 2.489575 3+228776
5
9659 524+749865 @
Volw 301 60175 °
670 530
1°950600 M 620 . Tse
2+469979 3+424178 651 y J
29° s
C°960494 ME 0°0175 29°58 Pon
28°68 Wd Gros 67
650 3 424178 A1es702407 @
. - ‘OSs
26+667774 Ww Pr122498
ool o+022 651 Ts
1004909 Cd 620 685 539 Teta
29-55 .Psn 2+489979 3+882009 29°55 Psn
f
i 60 T
. ‘Cs
1°906241 0°015 oro1 6°00136 An
679 666
3°179173 2*569046 7+683158 VA,
102°764254 4
0°0175 0°9125
650 635 7o°5 p
25372684 2*817356 6*636609 ¢
°o
o+020 oro17s
650 620 0°433 ny
3*665551 3° 293933 1:014568 ¢€
0*012 o'015
700 610 c+129809 PMRp
2898275 3+024856 76+5 Pp
1+170 As
c+015 60 T
690 096126 A,
2+217141
9°133551 PMRg,
o*020
645 c*171799 PMR
3*591656 os
C433
5 1*029268

c


APPENDIX I

Wood Burning Rates

The wood burning rate data was collected during each POM and particulate emission

evaluation. The data was collected by the methods described in the Procedure 7
section, Page 16. :
aatia| REAR EO | BBR | Te LEV ene le | aare “he
ye 2 A iy ee A LAA | LOT
2 47 8. ST SE. 3 2-25 17. L
3 ee oo Ok OD 2.9S7 | #2
¢ | aas | faa | vos oes 7 aee l238 |
ca 22 | nr aa an Ae th cl a27sT | 2a+o |)
G £5,257 F | 21257 Zi ngs | 437 i
2 | "22.57 | 3.0} (2x (72 92_ [1398 156 || 2.
g | 2r.s7 | eo} L850 \/6-37 {2.0% || MU,
3. 3s! 9 | 225 19.84 |wos l22 jive |
Jo 22 4_| Zé: Lace LD g i
Ly z3 | 2 24, ze | gs
12. i 2 Bx Gi op ne
wes 46x D+ z LZ b:0 4
“la FZ : aw! ZA iL 4.36 7B
LS 26 | g | |v [ues | 73-6 |
i Ma Br i 42 CH jae tv 7" |
2 1@ 2 =| 6.5~ || 70.0'0 |
1g 26 | 12 464 fe 42.24 |
4 | 42 | ve 2€' [A432 l2a9 |
20 | 33 wy 22.57 0.73 ‘lao.g |
2/ ar | ne Lda 2.9S= ji 22.7,
az | Ye | 2 5H 322 BEF Sa05
23._it22¢ 4 -7o: | | va e? || 2001 |
24 22 2 1x Os 32.0
1 i 1

|
|



“H.TNSON
A Ani CALCULATLUNS

re UT,
STAUR MOUST OME Cun

cuient LB Serb C£ LOTS KUN Ro, <2
;
Le APLUN SEG LEE :

Ue RATOR _ ec LL. A DATE

be PLE BOX | SBeterrE - .
im JOR WELGHTS (ym)
INUTLAL SET
40 CONRERH EU, Qk wi Toit : : i H
BUNBLER (oi U/AUP ROS Jou wi WATER) 23,3  4¥B.%  , O«G |
i
]

ime Ls F W/aPPU. Tou mt WATER), 922 ¢ | gen | 70. /

BUBBLER Cio HRY) :
BUBBLER ¢ Lae

2642 | 3

0 ABSOKBED Ef SLLLCA Gil, wi . _ ©

. | sé E8.4 | O90

“oTAL Ue bhi “by mb : /. 6 {
————_——_
!

vob. OF Hot VAS 8 d 70°R. aN 1 AIM. = :

6.0474 x 7 VAL WU i«o7S28
*JLSTURE in STA .X GAS, &
WLE FRAvi fod oo DRY GAS

SULECULAR WP. Ue STACK GAS

y MOISTURE Ih STACK GAS © Gt & VOi. Wyo Pon
Vub. DRY GAS + VOL. WET Ga

{OLE FRACTION UF DRY GAL = 5 ue MOTSTHR iN Shans uas
105 7

MOLECULAR WI. or STAG © ad Sie LA She we X MOLE CRACT LON +

BR ChetOn. ris

Wf AP SC


VALENTINE, FISHER & ‘TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS
JIIIR CIEE
ae yas sx, . .
CLIENT a ae RUN NO,

LOCATION Le

OPERATOR _ eee iiew —

DATE _ Ze LZ

SAMPLE BOX “gives .

CONTAINER WELGHTS (gm)
FINAL INITIAL | NET
Hy0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gin) 4, -
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 mi WATER) Vike a 4 s.3 [-. 2
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 439-4] F3s.7 [-. 2
BUBBLER (#3 DRY)
S34.E| 334¢.7| co. /
llj0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, wl .
20 A , Gwe 4 A 35. 3 .

TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF H,O VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 AIM. =
0.0474 x TOTAL H20

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H,0 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY CAS 2 100-4 MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WT. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP 3C

100


APPENDIX

c

90

80

30

The Therma
l4zed te
graph is fe

Thevmal Conductivity Gal Chromatography

Conductivity Gas Cl
asure oxygen and nitro
ry Run #6,

tography was uti-
ne. This typical

16 xX

OV

-

Aerograph
10 mv

| Attenuation:
1a

i

CONDUCTIVITY

PEAK HEIGHT AT tD:mv,

3
|

20

Te)

Go


SECTION IV

APPENDIX


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

cuient 4 PAL Freee rece

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION /Jere2 D/scdaeoe—

pate 2/30/75 _ RUN NO. & HOW COLLECTED G72 B46.3 Mo ---
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME OF ANALYSIS 7/3) /y s— aa
CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS

Z_BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 a

C02 0.2 2.0 Jug

C02 + 02 ho 41.0 |20.8

co2r+a+co} 244] 220 | 20-8

COMPONENT RATIO \Wr./MOLE
%._BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 4 AVG. | MOLE wr\ (DRY)
C02 (2) fo) fo} 44/100 | OO
02 Zo} 21,0 2O.B 20,533} 33/100 | 6499 |
co ©.01 00 O.0 0.0 | 28/100 [0.0
Nz _(100-Above)|_ 79.0] 79.2 | 74.2 Foe] 28/100 | 22,13}
AVG. MOLECULAR 28.84

WI. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/AP4B ~U4


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

2 2 _
CLIENT LLY J ete CL ww. 27
vocation Weecee Kon

OPERATOR 4" “2.

SAMPLE BOX YELLow

cgi = deny DATE in

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gin)

FINAL INITIAL | NET

iO CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) RB
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. “100 ml WATER) Al

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 423.8 423.9 a)

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

333,2 322.0 V2

Hd ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml

647.3\ S414 ELF
TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml 5"

VOL. OF H,0 VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x f0TAL H20

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL, H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK CAS
100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WT. OF CAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/aP3C

161


t ‘TOME TNSON
DATA AUD CALI: S. ONS

Hilde,
STACK POTS TRE Cont
= - ;
cant 274 LUELLA CE kun no. 272
4 ‘
wesc Aewepee Ki ictal. w. 87-5
AIR Ce cece pent DATE oe f/f Zs

wie Bux Le -
, & “ Dp. ~ SUOANTA rRlap : iS hadi i
CONTAC WETGHTS Cg) }
a {
Vina i INDTLAL $ NET i
Wo COMRWNEED, of obomt © bed : Fi il
HUBBELL Cob wFARPRUS nets on watney * PAA Le 436.3: 2.3 i
1 , i
MMPiNce 22 A/aPEdue. Ire nd WALID ag, / | Adsro FA |
yeBbhe Co URY) (B/5.4 BG loos
ii ABSORBED EY SLLLCA GE wi : Sb 42.3 ' 627 9 ae
: i : i ‘ {Ar |
TUTAL HO COLLe.tkD, ml Jas
iat
| 4
VoL. OF HO WaPo dg 70°F. At L ATM. = !
0.0474 x TOLAL tov 292
a
. Ly |
MULSTURE IN SiACK LAS, % \
i
MULE FRACTLUN ue DRY GAS |
. ]
MULECULAR WT. Ur STACK GAS i

1x oly
« DRY

10 VALI
GAS + VOL. wel GAS

% MOISTURE Lt s:ACK GAS = J+

MOLE FRACTION Gr DRY GAS = i ci-A MOISTURE LY AUR GAS

Lou

MDLECULAR WI. UF STACK GAS 2 AVG. LY Mor. Wi. ur GAS X MULE FRACTLUS +
13K (U-MULE PRA Lut

T/ AP SU

164


ck. LB AiCea eke

CULATIONS

22
KUN NU. _< F.

f

AiLun LM iii€ £

i ATOR 0 3 FEE? Metered _ _

w 88-5
V2 CSS

DATE

HAAPLE BON Come en.

~ aoe i UOHTATHER WELGHTS (sia) :
i
bLNAL INITLAL | MET :
Hsu CONDENSED, oe Cook = bea ae , j
BUBBLivd (25 M/ABPROA, Lote ot WACLR) p73 2 F¢PO.0 G2.
i ; i
i s ’
AMPLNGER GF W/APPROD. fier ml WATER) | S34, 2 ZZ 32 5 3 }
}
ba Diy | ; :
BUBBLER Ged piN) ' 337.3 Seer “iii
i “3 4 :
. f : :
iyo ABSORKED cf SILLCA Gi, i ,o4 : ‘
L Cg. nid 3 1.3 LAS i
TUVAL HO SOLLeL TED, ml bag
_}
i
Vine OF Hot apee @ 708K. i arn, = |

0.0474 x TOLrAL HU
MULSTURE Ith SiACK GAS, &%
MOLE FRACTION ue DRY GAS

MULECULAR WT, Ur STACK GAS

MOISTURE IN SVACK GAS =

MOLE FRACTION Ge DRY GAL = i ina’ HOES Pike

ALOK

{ VOL. WoE GAS

EA SPACK GAS

iu
MOLECULAR WIS Sie STACK & sete. GSE Me
ro € (LAHOL

JAP SC

OE GAS A ILE RICAUL LUD +

Livy

168


,

(D) Heat /ost through
=3,4

Eile

N
Du towor Jem ,2. SY
°F

Fire box
Rive
3so°F

‘Frhe- tr?

Bre —1

Masonry )

o./7

— Ficeclay

Sire hex

“4

\e

ke 30"
Total area of fire box
Beota/= (4'x6!)+2(4'x 2.5!) 49t#?

Aspertes s(n brick

Lb .
42a. Sol’d toy sole
Contact 30% of area

Thermal Conduchvities

Perry s Chermjca/ Engiseer.g Hone book
Page 3-2// hh
MYeat Trans een B5 Pmroks of
Materia / 1 k ~ R!
| of An. z
Btu - Lt yp Li 2 °F Finhn- he S Buy
a a
Masevary OF
Firclay 9.6
Aina 20h 0.02
Ain @
uf wind O./7
Assume well temperature of Lyre bee 33s FIO%F
Colca lation ot t¢herma / res. stances
:
Cineelay . Oo. 77 fH, thick = &
17 ef-Ar-Fr z

c Z .
Ree:

¢ K

2 +9278

.6 7 Bre


vaae

SIAR Cy? © CADITION S&
VALENTINE FISt ER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE, V/ASHINGTON

CLIENT 2A) FER Per 6

ws7TH

Duvlern.AAS FIR

Ya-9o

aah
“BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pp).2'2. “#2 Hg

PORT LOCATION 2473 /De” arena TRAVERSE SAMFLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE + crm @__2 9° “HG
DATEL tee 297 ZS AMBIENT CONDITJONS2verxvas & IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps). z —"H20 = “Hg
OPERATOR/S fees AsE tL Tes Woof : Poy = Pat Ps 2S Hg
RUN NO. __°2. Bu. Kiaca, Cabi) @ 9 SY ASSUMED MOISTURE Zu 2% MAX Vi “H,0
SAMPLE & HETER BOX warns Coe a 37 EF lb. dows Fir @ 2579 ¢ FACTOR Z OY
METER BOX AH Lg x75 24/6, @ 7a’? REF. AP 233
FILTER NO. er 8 Hite 2339.0 mg 2276. & ren STACK DIMENSIONS? 2*//2 AREA_Z./ 7c? 2
CLEAN-UP NO. 2-35 aLANKs & Woe: Su. panloning @ ead Lyd PROBE NOZZLE we ET Ba Ayr 207 36 _
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 7.20 gro “WA "" 7 SciewAric OF +ibtehee POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTHS _NuceR_Z_ sTOE 2
INSTANTANEOUS. READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
4
CLOCK ELAP. | ORY GAS METER DRY GAS TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER} POINT | PITOT VH ORIFICE AH PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME (F) TEMP. | TEMP. {"H20) VACUUM | TEMP. OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (cubic FEET) | INLET | OUTLET | (°F) (°F) ("H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)} (°F) 3C02
a a ra — ee 7 A A A a mane
SS (ED Ta EO Vd ere Fl ae
es . * - wend fe F2 Ig? |e" Sram -
Jas Se 2 A Da. wey =e ~ —
C2R. 29) wed &x 5 Zed
222. 2.98 | = ; es
S- ° en AZ: 2.
{22 > a 225 223. a
aed £ 5 Wz | b8
2d 1. ZD__. Debs oD |-99 jee 2 | 2sd |
. = »~2I7> 2
oe Ln ePID 97) AZ
223.48
229.94
7 3. -
. 3
ZA ZL
Wh oe
QLS~. #, os
Lhe 237 we
re al 1,
ZLB LE Le er
—o po eeneeens ees Gan yoo om Pee beer
oral “4g | 2 La ; 1, Aho] 77 7 | co
ZA oe L i s"H20) 7, Z
AVERAGE Lhe A H20 0 2H 77 ye
Pm = Pp tOH © 3D 2, Vé “Hg 12. oR

No hdd

wihery Ce

VFT/AR LE


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

chient € 2A

me ple

9-5

RUN NO. .=

LOCATION vencce Sor

pte

-

CLEAN-UP NO. 77°-S

OPERATOR Le Sv tT TN Ie eV FOAL.

saMPLe Box (Yar Aa

Hy0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

H)0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml
TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF H,0 VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x TOTAL H20

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

DATE s ~/ = 2:8
CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)
FINAL INITIAL NET
FSO.9 446./ F.2
3.0 | 447.) Lg
2W7-S | 248,90 LS
679-3 | 640.8 | 5
147
2, 69578

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. Hj0 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS

100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C

135


CALCULATIONS (Continued)

The weight of the dust per volume and weight of dust per time were calculated
using two procedures:

1. The Concentration Method:

The concentration of dust entering the sampling nozzle is calculated and
then multiplied by the volumetric flow rate of the stack gases to
obtain the Pollutant Mass Rate (PMR).

Concentration in Nozzle x Volumetric Flow Rate = Pollutant Mass Rate
On Concentration Basis.

(Bp/VOLerp) X Qog * PMR,

Assuming the nozzle velocity is greater than the average stack gas velocity
(Vy greater than Vs the calculated Pollutant Mass Rate will be less than
the true Pollutant Mass Rate because the heavier dust particles will leave
their streamline and not enter the nozzle. If Vv, is less than Vo then the
calculated PMR will be greater than the true PMR.

2. The Area Ratio Method:
The weight of dust collected is divided by the sampling time and
multiplied by the ratio of the Stack Area to the nozzle area to
obtain the calculated Pollutant Mass Rate (PMRaR) +

Weight Collected Area of Stack Pollutant Mass Rate
Sample Time X Area of Nozzle = on Area Ratio Basis.

(Py/T) * A,/Ay = PURE

Assuming the nozzle velocity is greater than the average stack gas velocity
(V, greater than V,), the calculated Pollutant Mass Rate will be greater

than the true Pollutant Mass Rate because the lighter particles in the dust
laden stream follow their streamlines and enter the sampling nozzle resulting
in P,/T being greater than true. If V, is less than Vg» the calculated
PMRaR will be greater than the true PMR.

To obtain a more true Pollutant Mass Rate, the two calculated pollutant mass
rates are averaged. This allows some of the bias introduced because of
non-isokinetic sampling calculated by one method to offset the bias of the
other method.


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cunt €P A ARE Raed

RUN No. & wae

LOCATION Ours pe Ex rev sion/ NO.
OPERATOR Sw 4a(Sonl pate FG Aves 77

SAMPLE BOX, RC pe

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET

H 90 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 mi warer) | 420.7 | #27. / | 3-6
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)| <4/_% 44£.8

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

H20 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml 6/8. G S /0.8

2,8
327.9 | 3327 O.2
7,

TOTAL HLO COLLECTED, ml

12. 4
VOL. OF H.O VAPOR @ 70°F, AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x POTAL H20 Os9
MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, % ] 3

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/aP3C
111


JALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
TONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

joB NAME L.PA: FIREPLACE pate ZZ August L925
pREPARED sy SWANSON APPROVED. PAGE. Z or__4
sussect_ A SREPLACE EF PYSslow Ss PUN Ala, 46 83-5

[2673 VOLm G+oo5 VH grote VE
5.97 649 Ts 665 Ts 2+227921 Kg
52, 2m 1725854 27646916
“< Tstd
566 r 6+863 Cp
m o°014 VH o:ce VH S+iS6€737 Ve
‘ 666 “17
31°762957 650 Ts Ts 1 As
3 777 WOES 5 ceo, 3623105
2178684 ET2+*EOTI25 @e
VOLw o°015 o*61S
2+417306 656 665 t
M 3+122498 3+541186 530 std
655 Ts
0975827 ME 3615 a+o21 25+7 Pen
ce+c7 Wd 669 656
3*146426 3*717257 442°59636¢ Qos
22-657235 Ww
o*o13 o+02t 655 Ts
1+905972 Cd 630 645 530 Teta
29+70 Psn 2-861817 2+680353 25:70 Psn
ray $ T
1°003696 €s 0°014 o*015 C+OGi36 A,
635 655
2+3981610 291344E5 E+277CE3 Vy
191°474671 2
9*017 o+o17
. 660 665 $95 Py
2°349626 2362256 0046241 Cy
o+019 0°015
662 655 deo
3*546547 2*141655 19447235 ¢€
Oro14 o*G16
662 663 2155553 PMRp
39944335 2*249615 5-5 Py
1°17 As
$*9015 6c t
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Table V
APPENDIX E

Fireplace Atmospheric Emissions oe .
POM Quantification

POM QUANTIFICATION (ng)
POM quantification is reported in nanograms. The samples were collected by the

methods described in the Procedure section, Page 13.

SAMPLE
NAS Alder D. Fir Pine
Component Notation 69-5 76-5 8605
Anthracene/Phenanthrene 52,450 59,600 52,100
Methyl anthracenes 21,300 32,900 -—
Fluoranthene 16,100 27,200 21,400
Pyrene 18,900 24,700 21,750
Methyl Pyrene/Fluoranthene 17,800 13,400 450
Benzo(c) phenanthrene RK 4,300 3,800 2,450
Chrysene/Benz(a) anthracene x 11,900 17,800 7,950
Methyl chrysenes * 5,300 9,200 28,300
Benzo fluoranthenes ak 5,400 7,300 3,000
Benz (a) pyrene . aK 5,200 8,900 12,400
Benz(e) my ah
Perylene --- --- —
-Mehtylcholanthrenes wARK 3,300 9,600 5,650
Indene(1,2,3-cd) pyrene * 1,300 2,600 3,050
Benzo (ghi) perylene 2,800 3,200 3,000
Dibenxo(a,h) anthracene ake
Diebenzo(c,g) carbazole REE -—_ —_ -——
Dibenz(ai and ah) pyrenes ReR --- --- ---
Coronene , --- --- ---
TOTAL 166,000 220,000 162,000

27


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

clinst FA F/RPESL ACE DATE OF ANALYSIS _7- 29-77
EVALUATION LOCATION AVERAGE FiPE AL ALT RUN NO. 3
EVALUATION DATE 7-2 9- 7.5 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 6@6-_S~

I. EVAPORATION OF SO (ml) OF AcErTovE

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.

FINAL 27724374 # (mg) - TARE 77426. 3 (mg)

“BLANK (.005'7_mg/ml) (_@O _ ml) =_O,F mg) >_A.7 Wy
II, FILTER CATCH LOo SISA (Media Type)
FINAL #4#2.2 (mg) - TARE 433.2 (mg) -/5.2 9
BACKUP. 722.9 mg. = 7 8. 5S 2g. 2 F,
IIL. HYDROCARBON SeTATiTED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON —_“F 4
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL?7 £9 7. (mg) - TARE 77494 3 (mg)
-BLANK ( 4.8 mg) = A323 y

IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 24oO (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 77723,4 (mg) - TARE 77420. 9 (mg)
“BLANK (.c286 mg/ml) (__240 ml initial

- FO __wi CONDENSED = 236 l)= 6.7 mg) = 2.9 _%

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM 9O (ml) OF ACE7OVE _ RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 602727 (mg) - TARE §02.73.2 (mg)

“BLANK (00577 mg/ml) (_970 ml) = Q5~_ mg) . 6,0 m

VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III +IV+V = 33.6
BLANKS FINAL 78536,.6 m8
ACETONE = + 2 mg/ /ZO ml = . 005 7 mg/ml TARE 2@sro 2 m
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = _7- 8 mg.(FINAL 7928¢. 7. mg - TARE 79277.9 m
WATER = > # ng/ /F#O_ ml = -0028% mg/ml. FINAL 74°73: ne

TARE eee
VFT/AP9 A

93


are mainly grouped within a range of from 5.9 to 16 grams of particulate
per kg wood burned. No general trend of emissions at the various burning
conditions for all species can be observed from this plot. Emissions from
pine wood and alder burning decrease from start up to stable burning while
douglas fir and locust increase. Only one sample was obtained during
smoldering as it was observed during testing that the stack gas opacity was
so low and little fuel was being consumed. In retrospect, more samples
should have been taken during this burning mode. These erratic results
would indicate that emission trends cannot be projected simply from factors
such as wood species and burning conditions. Other factors which might be
included in the final emission factor development might be moisture content
and density of the fuel and temperature of combustion. Also, nebulous factors

such as fire stoking technique and fuel configuration (e.g., split or unsplit)
could cause some variability.

The back half of the EPA Method 5 sampling train (impingers and back-up filter)
caught more particulate than the front half (filter and probe). The back half
particulate catch was an average of twice the front half catch, indicating

that fireplace burning is a partial combustion process releasing a significant
portion of vaporized hydrocarbons (See Appendix B). The back half particulate

catch appeared as a golden coloration of the condenser water and as a similar
color on the back-up filter.

During the field sampling phase of this project, we expected to use
particulate collected in the front half (i.e. probe and filter) of POM
sampling to project a total particulate catch. When analysis was completed, it
became obvious that no general relation between front half and back half
particulate developed as projected (see Appendix B). Consequently, POM
samples are not used in the determination of average particulate parameters.

The flue gas was. analyzed to quantitatively determine various components.
These components are nitrogen (Nj), oxygen (09), carbon dioxide (C02), carbon
monoxide (CO). Gas analysis and determinations of Ny, 09, CO, CO» and dry
molecular weight of the stack gas were performed according to EPA Method 3,

Federal Register, December 23, 1971, Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 4.3 (see Section IV
for procedures).

In addition to in-the-field Orsat determinations of Ny, 05, CO and C02,

more accurate determinations were made in the laboratory using gas chroma-
tography (GC) and infrared spectrophotometry (IR). Three runs, 6, 8 and 15,
were selected for the analysis of these parameters. GC methods were used

to quantitatively determine the N2 and 0, values for these runs, CO and

CO quantities were determined using IR. The values of these emission
constituents can be found in Table III. Non-methane volatile hydrocarbons,
(NMVH), were also quantified (see Table III), using infrared spectophotometry.
Hexane was used as a standard and all results are read as Hexane. The average

NMVH was found to be 4.8 ppm. (See Appendix C for GC graph and Appendix D
for IR graph.)

A good indicator of the accuracy of Orsat analysis is to compare the quantites
of CO. obtained by Infrared (IR) analysis, with those obtained by Orsat
analysis. It can be seen in Table II that the difference in % CO» is significant.


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

jos Name SA pate LD ALG aST
PREPARED BY _SLWWAMSOW APPROVED PAGE. 2 or_Z

sussect_ LURERLACE £iissions Rum? 19 SA-5

reece volLm

Pm >
Tstd

Tm

77" VOLstd .

VOlLw.

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S207T 2 PMMy

—_ $e272727) pay
erent oy
76 Sel bielt gf


APPENDIX L

Data Sheets
This appendix contains Field Data Sheets with corresponding Moisture Determination
Sheet, Laboratory Analysis and Total Particulate Sheet, and Oreat Data and
Calculation Sheet for all particulate and POM samples, Field Data and Moisture

Determination Sheets for the particle sizing runs are included also.

Pages are ordered by run number.

PARTICULATE SAMPLES RUN NO. PAGE NO.
Alder 1, 2, 3, 4 83-98
Douglas Fir 7, 8, 9, 10 106-121
Coal 12, 13 126-133
Locust 14, 15, 16, 18 134-145, 148-151
Pine 19, 20, 22 (Glass Front), 23 152-159, 163-170
IMPACTOR SAMPLES RUN NO. PAGE NO.
Alder 5 99-100
Locust 17 146-147
Pine 24 171-172
POM SAMPLES RUN NO. PAGE NO.
Alder 6 101-105
Douglas Fir aa 122-125

Pine 21 160-162


TABLE I

Summary of Emissions and Burning Conditions

Pollutant
Stack Gas **concent- Mags Rate
Burning Stack tow Rate- “Pollutant **Concent- ration Burnin
*Burning Rate Temp sete ‘Mass Rate ration % gm/std.m3 Rate (PHR/BR)
Fuel ‘Type Run Conditions Kg/hr (BR) °C. n3/mim gm/hr (PMR) gm/std.m3 co2 @12%c02 gm/Kg
Alder 1 Start Up 4.8 83 11.538 76.6 ~~ .111 0.1 13.279 16.0
Alder 2 Stable + 7.8 108 10.513 46.0 073 0.6 1.389 5.9
Alder 3 Smolder 1.9 67 8.262 42.2 +085 0.1 10.211 22.2
Alder 4 Start Up 10.8 414 9.242 135.4 +244 0.6 4.690 12.5
Alder 5b Stable 9.1 92 wend waned ab - ---b ----b
Alder 6c Stable 6.2 99: 12.772 ==c ---¢ 0.5 -o-c aoo-¢
Alder Average Start Up 7.8 98 10.39 106 -178 0.4 8.984 14.2
Alder Average Stable e 7.8e 208e 10.5136 46 .0e .073e 0.6e 1.389e _5.9e
Alder Average All
Conditions e 6.3e 93e 9.889e 75.0e 0.128e 0.4e 7.392e 14.15e
Douglas Fir 7 Stable 5.7 79 12.139 65.7 +090 0.2 5.414 11.5
Douglas Fir 8 Stable 4.1 88 11.715 58.9 084 0.4 2.322 14.4
Douglas Fir 9 Start Up 8.3 83 8.787 72.7 «138 0.6 2.759 8.8
Douglas Fir 10 Stable 6.7 110. 11.814 90.2 +127 0.4 3.817 13.5
a Douglas Fir lic Stable 4.3 88 11.737 =-c ---¢ 0.5 ---¢ =“
Douglas Fir
Average Start Up 8.3 &3 8.787 72.7 .138 0.6 2.759 8.8
Douglas Fir
Average Stable 5.5e 92e 11.889e T1.6e -104e 0.3e 3.85le 13.1le
Douglas Fir All
Average Conditions 6.2e 90e 11,1l4e 71.9e -110e 0.4e 3.578e 12.05e
Locust wu Start Up 9.0 86 10.046 85.2 141 0.4 430 9.5
Locust 15 Stable 6.2 92 11.414 78.7 115 0.4 -397 12.7
Locust. 16 Start Up 5.2 82 9.918 60.4 +102 0.6 2.150 11.6
Locust 17b Stable 4.5 91 ----b ---b =—~b — ---b ~--b
Locust 18 Stable 5.5 91 12.709 84.2 110 0.4 3.312 15.3
Locust Average Start Up 71 84 9.982 72.8 «112 0.5 1.290 10.6
Locust Average Stable 5.8d 92d 12.0624 81.44 112d 0.44 1.8544 14.04
Locust Average All
0.44 1.5724 12.3d

Conditions 6.54 88d 11.0224 77.14 117d


OTT

cat? - .
22 nin, © AFG.
cent 2A Finerene

PORT LOCATION Uis7S A290" € X7/asoW
pate # Acs 2979

4euk Rase:

foam

Grub

S¥abhle Deoly

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE. WASHINGTON

TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET

Burning

Bag trun 5 tex te.

BARNMETRIC PRESSURE (Pp) 2-2. 39 "Hig

AMBIENT CONDITIONS © /¢ « #>

tyoso + IMPORTANT: FILL _IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps)/2___"Hz0 =__ =
OPERATOR/ S22 6A) AV Su VALENTINE Yk Cy 7g 22 Poy PB + Ps? Pt
RUN NO. iowa Fe ~H/b, oe fe 378, Pema ASSUMED worstune 22297 :
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS BLY g_ 3 ey tS C Completa C FACTOR. 27 $7
ne OO goran A FA2 6/6.C sxF > REF. A P39
FALTER NO 29-s" @ TARE_G22.4F ng 6.544, © tees £ Tob,’ “4 of STACK DIMENSTONSEZ# “2% AREA J. 7.5 F2
CLEAN-UP NO.22-S” 5 BLANKS " Leh te PROBE NOZZLE on Bw: Anse 2d Fe
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 8 SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE uncle N,
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
cuock | stap. | ory eas weter | ony fas tem. | pox, [inane] point | rrvor vw | ORIFICE a W PUMP stack | opacity
TIME TIME F) TEMP. | TEMP. (“H20, vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24 nes) | (min) {| (custc Feet) | INLET | oumceT | (°F) | (°F) ("Hg0) | oesineo | acruan | ("wg GAD] (°F ) x02
282 2 25 22 2oy2 |. &S AIS | 77 5—
2 3 mney) 7 Lr
z2e. | 220 a
So) 1 9, il. /S= 2 |
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27.
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48 . Wee Lrez
STI 10.7.
w4
s7 “709
bs 109
TOTAL’ eV [$4579 |2edy L243 20 4 SH AL Z| tect
CRVERAGE ” Z, 7 Fs fh Ae aural « rs tg LQ Ig
Pm= Pp tOH = 12 ) G / “Ho Sos oR

VET/APTE


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA
joe name 4uPA. EURE PLACE vateBO AUGUST, (97S
PREPARED BY. LV AWS O a/ APPROVED PAGE. / or. /
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SHable Barr:

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET

CLIENT £2724) J 1 R60 Pe ACO
PORT LOCATION Zar sia earanctes

wate Ae. <7 4 9 2p IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS
OPERATOR/S S24 xx IVE. Wood a
RUN NO. 7 Dove Fie ORAS O39
Bek 4 Vw, 3 16 Gt
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS2¢K &_ Vir. Biba ipl ey nen nelaeny

METER BOX AH_47 DH 2

Dem oh op VEE

FILTER No. £S-5_@ TaRE_ F274 2 #

BARIMETRIC PRESSURE (Pq)_-2-2..¢ / “Hg
AMBIENT CONDITIONS £ Levee e

PORT PRESSURE (Pg) <2 “HO ». "Ng
Poy = Pat Ps 42.61 ____"ws
ASSUMED MOISTURE. om z

€ Factor 4.2.3

REF. AP» 232714 4) 093 3 03st o Dg g3 EF

STACK DIMENSIONS AREA L./ 7.) F2

CLEAN-UP NO.22°5-; BLANKS s Robel Silke z PROBE NOZZLE DIA Anz’ 3C fe?
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 4 SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH 3 FT. 2 IN.
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
clock ELAP. | DRY GAS METER ORY GAS, TEMP. BOX JIMPINGER] POINT | PITOT VH | ORIFICE AH PUKP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME (*F) TEMP. | TEMP. ("H20) vacuum | TEMP. oR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (cusrc reer) { mmcet | ouTueT | (°F) | (°F) ("Hz0)_{ vesinep | actua_| ("Hg Gad] (°F) x02
> 3 > aoe 1S Zz war,
Beko | 9 lesa /891 24 | 7s teas bro V7 So7s- [239 1.39 | ez | Zee
adi 3. je 32 3 | 2k 24 1239 179 Va To 33. : 5 :
paar a 2/ de.
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~ Pm Pg tAH * a) Coy oR

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VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

CLIENT Ped EPR PL AL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
PORT LOCATION yay Exe gon TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET
ote 22 7 yf IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS
OPERATOR/S as edd LL 16/1) Bib. be fe CI 7%

RUN NO. 2 en OLA» ALDER

SAMPLE & METER BOX MuMBERSEZTD>A His remanag (od. 7 ge
METER BOX 4H 3 2 J s

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BARNMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg)_2-”_- S__ "Hg
AMBIENT curios <2

PORT PRESSURE (Ps)-2)_"H20 =___"Hg
Poy = PB + PS te. 23 "ta
ASSUMED MOISTURE 2 x
FACTOR aa

2 ee ee ian

Em ;
STACK DIMENSIONS "14/7" AREA: 72? _F2
PROBE NOZZLE DIA.22 A. IN; AN 20/36 F2

80X & PROBE HEATER SETTING 372 &_>°C SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH FT. In,
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL [AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
cuock | EAP. | DRY GAS METER | DRY & Temp. | Box |IMPINGER} POINT | PITOT ¥H oanryce ee PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME ) Tew. | TEMP. | 120 vaCUUM | TEMP. oR
(24 HRS) | (Min) | (cuprc Feet) [Ime met (CF) | (°F) (70) | oestreo | actuaL | ("Hg Ga)| (°F) woz |
SF? 3 p OOF, 204| 96 TIFF [24s-|F6 : orn BEETS z f=
: 54 - : 7 -vo/
7225 2{497,99 |9e T9F Pho Tse —— ers a) 2h Ai bse 2
1.2.22. GFiC23.7p |e [OF [27s tee eral ere Fras sear O2F
122) | blog8. 87 | 96 [OF 1234 Ae DPS 20 |7Ro po a | 32 7
DLLs 81679, 726 5) a6 Qe N2ss~ 149 PST oe acm Wa ood
“Ae vo, 3. WA D+ 1.2/0 |4¢? Waa ors VAT a ha uy
Dieser. 27 Dé: 2p 1278 bye T5707 TSE Woe GT
fe\ene 96 1 99 [oF [300 [ye feo GN = oY,
ib |492. B/S 22 D-f 1229 bee? Far oos 2 7A ey
2 8 é 3 44 ~ wwI dD 7) Lune ee ey
~ ener AYE Ned nn WE oa)
yl nae ho ~ DV7d > ez) 14°00. 1004
: at bet 22) 4.0. y aT er
2h wad Df. aya 70 \|77 ae Pee)
TS. 2 2) hi JAC: Peek er
pee 12s 2 VETS 204
C92, 329 7
OB) wey 4p | ree -3 Of,
A CSE LO Zoe “99
aa Lo, 34 2D 2 20d 5
7 “oO 2.12 Pree ates
a .
TOTAL’ beac A772 812035 |/I82 es THe) NB OS 3
averace {7 96 FEC R 23 /7H20 = 02 fH 453
Po~ Pe +Ou - 30.27 “Hg Z/ZR



ALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS

/ COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

jos Name PA LRE PL ACE cate BM 2F SLY, /97S~
pREPARED BY SSVAMS OW APPROVED. PAGE. or__Z
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PARTICULATE CONCENTRATION AND PMR CALCULATION TERMINOLOGY

Cc = Particulate concentration corrected to 12% CO,

PMRp = Pollutant mass rate - "concentration method" - ib/hr

PMR ap = Pollutant mass rate - "area ratio method” - lb/hr

PMRa ye = Average pollutant mass rate - lb/hr

c’ = Particulate concentration corrected for non-isokinetic sampling
condition -grains/scf

Pp = Total Particulate collected by sampling train - mg

Ag = Area of Stack - FT2

An = Area of Nozzle - Fr2

VA = Velocity head readings for pitot tube - inches water

VOLgtp = Standardized gas that passed through the sampling train -
cubic feet, 70° F., 1 atmosphere pressure, and dry.

Cp = Velocity correction coefficient for type pitot tube ~ dimensionless

0.83 to 0.87 for "S" type pitot tube normally and 1.0 for "P"
type pitot tube.

55


LT

aa aaa i LASCADE
[ <srace WALL _ IMBRET OR
Nore LE—: CHEATED PROBE
——
. =
“5 TYPE pire | ——)
INTEGRAL WIT!
SAMPLING. PROBS uty q
al tt AANOV EVER:
THERMOMETETF THERMOMETER. VACUUM,

GAUGE

FIGURE 5

USEPA EMISSION MEASUSEMENT

BIN

IMPALTO® PARTICLE SIZING TRALINE

er |VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON,
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
$20 UOYO BLOG, SEATTLE

DATE
S-7 3%

OWG nO,

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CASCADE IMPACTOR RESULTS
Client: 2PA F-/RE PLKCE
Sampling Location: AME RAGE FIREPLACRK

Date: 20 QueousT fazas-

Run No: 2¢ — 89-s~
Dp (=Dpc), Particulate Weight 7% Cumulative Z%
ITEM microns collected, mg collected less than Dp
Cyclone 2 a 4
Stage #1 57006 . C
e 6-9 5.2
2.96 .
Stage #2 969 / 2 48.2
Stage #3 2.038 13 10.3
448
Stage #4 7,090 al 3. Boe
O.7O r
Stage #5 7°08 _l ze 2)
Filter G 2)

46


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON © CONSULTING ENGINEERS
COMPUTATION & DESIGNING SHEET
sos NaMe_ 2/4 A7@z fe ace pate__7 = 26 - 7S”
prepare sy_L2 4. ACE OMED PAGE___oF.

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ALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ONSULTING ENGINEERS

wane EA. FCREPC ACE
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VALENTIN :, FISHER & T -MLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULAT‘ON SHEET

LY ; a

cust £ AK aewd om Dee eho.
Foy t . 2
SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Ue“ yet yt ye my ee 8

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DATE 3/42/75" _ RUNNO. /S

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION

CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #2 #2 ! #3 #4
cop 02/\ 92 12% [52
coz + 02 S042 22.9 : 7/0 {23
C02 + G2 + CO 24.8 J54 (24a [227
WZ |
eT |
| |
COMPONENT I | RATIO \wr. /MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 8h AVG. | MOLE Wr\ (DRY)
co2 O.3 OF |; AF Ov | 44/100 | ./ 7%
02 20.6 2°.¢6 20.5 |20.6 | 32/100 | 6,592
co ia) oO | 2 ©__| 28/100
Np_(100-Above) | 79.) 73 79. / _|72./ | 28/100 |22./28
AVG, MOLECULAR [2 3.74)
WT. DRY STACK GAS
VFT/AP4B

141


SET

stat oP

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

PAIEN TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET

cum 2 PA Free bgp

PORT LOCATION gtacrerrecse Mess dea ETS PE
pate 62/7 /" “AMBIENT CONDITIONS, 2% “422, 707 IMPORTANT: F:LL_IN ALL BLANKS.
operator/s “Ve Si Aen STdeT 7
Run no, 7 Add VOR SO

SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS “3.8 Béoce”

a-eers

22

“BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg)___’__-__ "Hg
LEAK RATE_C/___CFM @. 2S" HG
PORT PRESSURE (Pg) "HO =__<"
Poy = Pat Ps ,

ASSUMED MOISTURE__/ % MAX Vi H0
¢ FacTOR_£. L

METER BOX aH__Z “42 ae 0 IS REF. APLLLY
FILTER NO, 26-8" @ TARE ICS 7 mg Sere Fe. 98 9 x ege STACK DIMENSIONS "7" AREA____*-_F2
CLEAN-UP NO. 22-5 BLANKS —2—___&_- 08 i PROBE NOZZLE OIA,/°2 IN; AN Fr?
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 23° & SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH > NuMBER! stoe 2
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES:READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL |
cuock | evap. | ORY GAS METER | ORY GAS TEMP, | BOX IMPINGER} POINT | PITOT VH | ORIFICE AX PUMP stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME “F) TEMP. | TEMP, ("H20) vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24 wes) | (min) | (cupic Feet) | inceT | outeet | (°F) | (°F) ("H20) _[ DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Ho GA)| (°F ) xc02
B a a . — 0) C. < 5 ae x — aa aang
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TABLE IV

FUEL CHARACTERISTICS

Dry Density Wet Density
Fuel Type Percent Moisture grams /cc grams/cc
Alder 12.2 0.43 0.49
Fir 10.6 0.39 0.44
Lecust 11.7 0.64 0.73
Pine 15.4 0.36 0.43
Coal ---- 1.18 -—

12


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLlentT 240 Firs sere DATE OF ANALYSIS 2 —/Z-7—-
EVALUATION LOCATION A VEL AGE (Rt SstAl = RUN NO. /#
EVALUATION DATE 8-/2-75 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 79S
I. EVAPORATION OF A3 (ml) OF ACE TevVe—
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 22/03.7 (mg) - TARE _P27OO 4.3 (mg)
“BLANK (. 005-7 mg/ml) ( S__nl)=+7 __ ng) = &7 mg.
II. FILTER CATCH ~A, sg //93 BW ft (Media Type & #)
FINAL 399.5 (mg) - TARE 305.9 (ne) = 23.6 mg.
Back 2? 190.3 mgd —- 433.9 = /2.4
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION on” Fh
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 77922Z3,3 (mg) - TARE 7792 O22 (mg)
“BLANK ( a3 mg) = _ 43,57 mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 25 3 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 22€03.G (mg) - TARE 727630 (mg)
-BLANK (,ceo2zg5 mg/ml) (_25 3 ml initial
- _/ 9.7 ___wl CONDENSED = 238.37 ml) = .7 mg) = _/7-7 og.
V. PARTICULATE FROM // 7 (ml) OF 4¢o7ove_ RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL7778 9.0 (mg) - TARE 77 7o..7 (mg)
“BLANK (.005 7 mg/ml) (_yy 7 ml) = _~7_ mg) = 2/43 mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + IIL + IV+V = FR Sug.
BLANKS. A's /
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg (FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE mg.

VFT/AP9 A

136


PARTICULATE CONCENTRATION AND PMR CALCULATION TERMINOLOGY

VOLn = Dry gas meter volume @ meter temperature and pressure, dry - acf

Pa = Dry gas meter pressure (recorded as inlet deflection accross orifj
meter) - "Hg

Tm = Dry gas meter temperature (average of inlet and outlet)

Pstp = Standard atmospheric pressure (29.92" Hg)

Tgtp = Standard Temperature (520 or 530° R)

VOLy = Volume of water collected (expressed as vapor at standard temperay
and pressure) - scf

M = % water, calculated from amount the train collected in impinger,
bubblers, and on silica gel

MF = Mole fraction of dry gas

Wp = Molecular weight of dry stack gas - 1b/lb mole

Ww = Molecular weight of wet stack gas ~ 1b/1b mole

Wa = Molecular weight of air - 1b/lb mole

Cy = Velocity correction coefficient for gas density

Pow = Stack pressure (static + barometric) - "Hg

Cg = Velocity correction coefficient for stack pressure

= Pitot tube pressure differential - "H0

Vo = Stack velocity @ stack conditions ~ fps

Qo = Stack flow rate at stack conditions - acfm

Ts = Average stack temperature ~ °R

%s = Stack flow rate at standard conditions - scfm

T = Time over which sample was collected - minutes

Vn = Velocity of gases inside nozzle during sampling - fps

I = % isokinetic (+ 10% desirable)

Co = Particulate concentration - grains/scf

N = % CO by volume in stack (12 indicate sno % C02 correction is te

be made)

aA


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS

520 LLOYD BUILDING e (206) 623-0717
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98101

WM. M. VALENTINE, M.E. ee MCODRUFF
ARTHUR K. FISHER, M.E. panes on TINLAYSON

}. TOMLINSON, E.E. fe
Groce. wingo HENRY L. ROYCE, ILLUM.
SR. ASSOCIATES WILLIAM T. MCDONALD
WAYNE A. HANSON, M.E. DEAN A. HANNIG
DOUGLAS W. PASCOEK, E.K. ROGER C. HUNTLEY
P. “CHIC” CICCHETTI WESLEY D. SNOWDEN, P.£.

I. INTRODUCTION INDRU J. PRIMLANI, M.£.

This Atmospheric Emission Evaluation was conducted on an "Average Fireplace"
located in the Seattle area for use in the development of an Emission Factor
for residential fireplaces, EPA Contract No. 68-02-1992. This Project was
funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's National Air
Data Branch, Technical Development Section, with Messrs. James A. Southerland
and Tom Lahre serving as advisors during the entire evaluation. Messrs.
David A. Alguard, Gregory A. Swanson and William E. Stolberg, of Valentine,
Fisher & Tomlinson, served as project leader and colleagues respectively.

The field sampling was performed during the period of July 29 through August 20,
1975.

Area wide emissions can be projected from the enclosed point source emissions
factors by establishing the number and use frequency for residential fireplaces.

II. SUMMARY

The average pollutant mass rate was found to be 76.1 grams/hour and the grams
of particulate per kilogram of wood burned was found to be 10.4 grams/kilogram.
The average particle size was 3.0 microns. 66.32 of the particulate was
condensables caught in the back half or impinger section of the Method 5
sampling trains. A back-up filter was used in anticipation of this high back
half catch. All atmospheric emissions reported are calculated using front
half plus back half particulate including the back-up filter. Poor combustion
conditions of considerable excess air was indicated by CO) concentrations of
consistently less than 1.02%.

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

WDS/lae Wesley D. Snowden
Manager, Environmental Services


TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)

1, REPCAT NO. 2.

3. RECIPIENT’S ACCESSION NO.

4. 7: TLE ANO SUBTITLE

Source Sampling Residential Fireplaces For
Emission Factor Development

Ils. REPORT DATE

November 1975

Is. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION COOE

7. AUTHOR(S)

W.D. Snowden, D.A. Alguard, G.A. Swanson,
W.E. Stolberg

Ig. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME ANDO ADORESS
Valentine, Fisher & Tomlinson

520 Lloyd Building

Seattle, Washington 98101

10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.

11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.

68-02-1992

12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards
Monitoring & Data Analysis Division
Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711

13, TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED

Final July-August 1975

14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE

15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

16. ABSTRACT

One typical residential fireplace was
filterable and condensible), polycyclic or
carbons, and carbon monoxide emissions. Ti
Douglas Fir, Locust, pine, and coal. Part
ing EPA Method 5. POM was collected on a

source sampled for particulate (both
ganic materials (POM), volatile: hydro-
esting was conducted using alder,
iculate was sampled and analyzed utiliz-
TENAX adsorbent and analyzed by GC-MS

methods. A rough energy balance on wood combustion in fireplaces was performed.
17. KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS.
a. DESCRIPTORS b.ADENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS |c. COSATI Field/Group
TENAX
Emissions
Particulates
POM
Fireplace

18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT

19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report) 21. NO. OF PAGES

Unclassified 173
| Release Unlimited 20. SECURITY CLASS (This page] 22, PRICE
—_ Unclass*fied

EPA Form 2220-7 (9-73)



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT 2 APA AVE SLAC DATE OF ANALYSIS 9-25-2757
EVALUATION LOCATION A Yer}. 3 a RUN NO. 2 /
EVALUATION DATE 9 ~ /4- 757 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 23-37
I. | EVAPORATION OF (ml) OF
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL (mg) - TARE WB ov8. oO (mg)
-BLANK (( mg/ml) ( ml) = mg) = mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH # (Media Type & #)
fUUCTER Ce MO AME 5 Pet DiS Gj, site
FINAL (mg) - TARE 3902, 4 (mg)

III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.

FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
BLANK ( mg) = mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF (m1) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
-BLANK (( mg/ml) ( ml initial
- ml CONDENSED = ml) = mg) = _____ 8.
V. PARTICULATE FROM (ml) OF RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
-BLANK (( mg/ml) ( ml) = mg) = mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = 1+ 11 + Ill +IV+V = 77 ag.
BLANKS eq 2/
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE ug.

VFT/AP9 A

16.


TOMLINSON
ET ANG ENGINEERS / COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

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( MICRONS)


'ALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
‘ONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

oe name APA ERE PLACE pate AVS, /97S—
aerared BY~S MAW SOW APPROVED. PAGE. i ort
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CLIENT _/5,P,

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

Av Fr@€ Pte é

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Gy
pate GIG /75

Ex

La ase

Run no. /6

HOW COLLECTED ema AAG

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION “¢-27-//7’7%_ TIME OF ANALYSIS & Lig Los

CUMULATIVE | jANALYSIS j ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 i #2 | #3 : #4
| . boo
603 6 : $8.6, 65 | |
36-5
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cop +02 +O] 268 | 970! 20.4
|
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COMPONENT: | { : [ratio \wr./MOLE
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;
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Np (100-above)! 29.2) 9T I7F yp | FF. p | 28/100 | 22148
AVG. MOLECULAR 28.00

VET/AP.=

145

WT. DRY STACK GAS



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON /
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION Di

>A i Pa-UY
JOS NAME EP A FCEMACE DATE. Zz: 32 as
PREPARED er_L ALLYLED APPROVED. PAGE. i ort
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62


sample #___ D - Measure the volume to the nearest 0,1 milliliter, Transfer
the acetone washings to a tared beaker and evaporate to dryness at ambient
temperature and pressure. Desiccate for 24 hours and weigh to a constant
weight. Report the results to the nearest 0.1 milligram,

Sample #___ E ~ Transfer the filter and any loose particulate from

the sample container to a tared glass weighing dish and desiccate

for 24 hours in a desiccator. Weigh to a constant weight and report the
results to the nearest 0.1 milligram,

Blanks were taken on the acetone, ether, chloroform, and deionized water
and subtracted from the respective sample volumes. The filter paper used
with the EPA train was a Mine Safety Appliance 1106 BH, heat treated glass
fiber filter mat.

FUEL DENSITY AND MOISTURE CONTENT

Samples of each type of wood fuel were determined for moisture by weighing
samples of each and drying these at 105°C. for several days. After cooling
in a desiccator the samples were weighed. This process continued until
constant weights were found. The % moisture was calculated by dividing the
weight lost by the original weight times 100.

The densities of all fuels including coal were determined by weighing samples
of each and then measuring the liquid displacement of each sample. Density
was calculated by dividing the weight by the displaced volume.

WOOD WEIGHT AND FIRE STOKING

Prior to sampling, the fire was built with a weighed quantity of fuel. The
wood was weighed with a spring balance. With this data the fire stoker

would estimate the quantity of wood in the fire at the start of sampling

and record the estimate on the data sheet. As wood was required for the fire,
it was weighed and placed on the fire, The time and weights of the wood
added were recorded on the data sheet. At the end of sampling the stoker
would estimate the quantity of wood left in the fire and would record this
data. Each day of sampling was begun with the fireplace swept out. A hearth
of ribbed cast iron was used throughout the evaluation.

GAS ANALYSIS

On runs 6, 8 and 15, nitrogen and oxygen were analyzed utilizing thermal
conductivity gas chromatography techniques. A 20-foot long 1/4-inch
diameter 45/60 molecular sieve column at 100°C and an attenuation of 16 X
was used for this determination, The carrier gas was Helium at 50cc/minute.
A 0.25 milliliter sample was injected into the G.C. Three representative
G.C. peaks per parameter for each rua analyzed substantiated the reported
values as measured against standard Ny and 02 peaks.

19


(F >) EMAL cheney ok fyrz lace

Heat of :
Exhcest g4ses

CAimney
oss
Fire Box
7985
Gross heating tobtiltration Losses
va luc ot fue /
LC Radiant heat Total — heat losses
= _—_—__—__ OT =z
Rett = Total feat avalabhe Tora /

heat losses = 5987040 413,453 +/5,929 = 84,2527

9 tL 120,620 BHU /{, _ 84252 Btn /p,,
ro) .

420,620 B4u/ hp

22

0.30 o- 30 76 etLiclency

G) Wore: at lower outssce temperatures with higher
winds -+he eSf ciency is /owere
-— Zaki ltratiren heod fosses are /acreased
- Fire box feosses Gre snereased
CAimney s/osses inerease but his increase S$
ot4/set by decreased heat J/osses (9 exhaust
G4 ses.

36


YS

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

CLIENT A222) Arve’ SEATTLE, WASHINGTON BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) Raretane “Hg
PORT LOCATION fyowe i aie 0'e » TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE_C! FM @ “RG
ATES _f1 5 AMBIENT CONDITIONS _G</° 6 YY IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps)_-! "Ho =__ "Hig
OPERATOR/S 2i/éx ac 7 Get mwvsiny ae Poy Pat Ps tg
20 STM 2 Jing <
RUN NO. __-2¢ . av ASSUMED MOISTURE____x MAX VH___*i,0
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERSS/ue § SS Ave FE SY © FACTOR LCS
meTER Gox on_< rf 2 _ ADD? G¥27 18470 REF. APEC = _
FILTER NO. <2 @ TARE, CInesrt WP LERG STACK DIMENSIONS 27 v-")/ AREA__/ 7/9» F2
CLEAN-UP NO. £2 PROBE NOZZLE DIA.2: IN; AN 2 > <-_ F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 2 >>" &__ Ze SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH > __Nimper_ “7 SIDE 2
1 INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES .READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER ORY GAS TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER| POINT PITOT VH ORI ACE aH PUMP STACK | OPACITY Po“
TIME TIME (CF) TEMP. | TEMP. “H20) VACUUM TEMP. OR ?
(24 HRS) | (MIN) OUTLET DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)| (°F ) C0;
+ ac 72 -2NZ ard Wie aaa aw an a
Lt | ~ 3 De [ ayy
4 | > < co Poo was
OS 7 ot cone
o4 7. 3 2 ces
61/64 72 “vs
. sot Ls
3 ° cs
vO LG
30 we
ze ens
oe Ol
2.0 i
cay
Bee NS
é etd
‘ ole
are
2s
<The
rere
ott
aes
TOTAL JO | /5, 337) 218 3V ;
AVERAGE Y 4 CABO 6 510% Ao 20 ae HOT, Doo
Pas PRtOH 7D Hg fi iR



PARTICULATE CONCENTRATION & PMR CALCULATIONS

(VOL_) (Pm) (Tgtp)

1. VOL
STD
Cgpp*) (7)

(Cg) (Qgg) (0.008571)

15. PMR,

6. PMR a FE (0.000132)
16. “TE 0.
(100) (WoL) AR T An

22M
VOLgrp + VO! PMRpt+PMRag
STD as 17. PMRayg =
100 - M
3 "00 '  PMRaye
100 18. ¢ Zot (1400)
4. y= (Wy) OF) + 18 Gwe) «= * PSTD = 29-92" Be.
. * Wa = -28.95 LB/LB MOLE
W
5. Cy = =
Psp
6 os = VES
>” va, * Sa
2 Ok =
n
8. Vo = 2.9 (Ky) (Cp) (Cp) (Cg)
9 Q% = (Vg) (Ag) (60)
10. % - 20 Fsrp) sy) OF)
"NOs (fg) @srp)
(WOLsrp) (Ps7p)(T.)
1. = (MF) (Tsrp) (Psu) (1) CA) (60)
12.021 = (200) “a
fo}

P,
T

. = 0.0154)
3. Wisp

_ So (12%)
14. ¢ 2


APPENDIX A

SELECTION OF THE REPRESENTATIVE FIREPLACE
WITH STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS

The representative fireplace was selected from a sample distribution of 34
fireplaces. The 34 fireplaces were selected from employees, friends and
relatives of Valentine, Fisher & Tomlinson, Inc. Wider and more statistically
random selection of the fireplaces was limited due to U.S. Government, Office
of Management and Budget solicitation form approval procedures and contract
funding limitations. Valentine, Fisher & Tomlinson is confident that the
fireplace selected is of a representative nature.

The fireplace dimension parameters included in the sample were those considered
to have an effect on the quality of burning in a fireplace. The parameters
included were: (a) area of the fire box opening, (b) cross sectional area of

the chimney opening and (c) chimney height. These dimensional parameters are
illustrated in Figure 6.

From the compilation of the 34 sets of parameters, a population mean was compute
for each parameter. A standard deviation was then computed which was used to
determine a 95 percent confidence interval for each mean dimension, No fireplaa
fit within a 99 percent confidence interval.

Fireplaces were picked which had dimensions which were within the 95 percent
confidence intervals. Three fireplaces were examined more closely and a final
selection was made based on accuracy of dimension, accessibility for sampling
and consent of the owner. The fireplace selected has an opening of 6187 sq. cm,
a chimney cross sectional area of 1087 sq. cm? and a chimney height of 4.66 m.
Note that the chimey height was selected so that a 0.46 m extension could be

added and still remain within the 95 percent confidence interval of chimney
height.

Table V

Representative Fireplace Mean Dimensions and 95%
Confidence Interval

Parameter Mean Dimension Confidence Interval
Fireplace Opening 6336 cm? 5865 to 6807 cm
Chimney Opening 961 cm2 832 to 1,090 cm
Chimney Height 4.4 meters 3.87 to 4.97 meters

22


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOML1:..
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cLuent =. FA.

LOcaTION KezcycHw vers CES

OPERATOR 410 Gee STAAITORNS

SAMPLE BOX__ Sec =

Hj0 CONDENSED, mi (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

Hy0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ol
TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF HO VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 AIM. =
0.0474 x S0TAL 120

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

RUN NO.

DATE -- 7-7

)2
é

w. O1-

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gin)

FINAL

INITIAL | NES
F368 | Fze.49 SG
AGES Ya 7s 1-H

326-€ 33377 | 2.9

7S. Sw S38
13.7
ex)

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL, HO VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET Gas

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK CAS

100

MOLECULAR WT, OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

122

VET/AP3C

143



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENTA PA. FIREPLACE DATE OF ANALYSIS 7-2-7 .5—
EVALUATION LOCATION A VEResge FRESE ACE RUN NO. 2
EVALUATION DATE 7~ 2.9 -75 CLEAN-UP SET NO. O5- 5S
I. EVAPORATION OF _/HS_ (al) OF Ace 7o4/2p—
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 788432 (mg) - TARE 7 882573 (mg)
“BLANK (.005 7 mg/ml) (_/#5~_ ml) =O. __ mg) =/6.6
II. FILTER CATCH  //94 /7SA4 (Media Type)
FINAL 7/9. <4 (mg) - TARE ¥/ 7.0 (mg) = _ 2.4
BACK UP = /770O DS mg = SIO. e me = 573.
=. 3
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON

WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.

FINAL. 794549 (mg) - TARE 729¢¢5.9 (mg)
“BLANK ( /. 8 mg) = 72

IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 290 (m1) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -

FINAL 774/ &3 (mg) - TARE 77#O00.6 (mg)
“BLANK ((.00286 mg/ml) (__2 70 ml initial

- /3.H mi CONDENSED = 276.6 ml) =% 2 mg) = _/6.9

V. PARTICULATE FROM/5 57 (ml) OF _4CE7OWE RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 767,32. (mg) - TARE _74720,.F (mg)
-BLANK (+ 905 7 mg/ml) (_75S_ml) = 0.9 mg) -_7/.3
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + III +IV+V = 55.7 __
BLANKS .
FINAL 725 5 c+
ACETONE = + & mg/ /9O ml = _.OcS7 mg/ml TARE 775°
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = /- S____—smg. (FINAL 79220, 7mg - TARE 7°275.7_
WATER = _» # mg/_/#O ml =.C922¢, mg/ml. FINAL 72772.
TARE Fo "2. =
VET/AP9 A

89


TLT

IMP DE TOL

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

89-5

CLIENT 2222). ZeZ bev tebe SEATTLE, WASHINGTON BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pp) 24-21 "8
PORT LOCATION Ahab s thse rt Ores “73 /DE LXTEVIEN TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE ©? CFM @ debe DZ *HG
OATE: AMBIENT ONDI TIONS «Zé dh~ IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps). m0 = 22 "Hg
opERATOR/S AUG < EiraeZ) Sa utascy - Poy" Pat Ps 22.79 sig
RUN NO. f .. =. simer 22% jywe ASSUMED MOISTURE___ MAX VH____*H,0
SAMPLE & METER BOX WHBERSOCE s_3 _ oe C FACTOR ~~
METER BOX AH 7% 8 FZ Fins 7: LerT REFLAP__—~ ,
ae iy Parr by ~ _
FILTER NO. 22-3 7" TARE_7 #4 Zing STACK DIMENSIONS 2, 4777 AREA_C.77) F2
CLEAN-UP NO.t"3_ 3 BLANKS & PROBE NOZZLE 01a, et Aye2orot, 2 pe
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING <>< & Gd _ SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH “ _mimBer 14 stoe_f +
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL ] AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | ORY GAS METER DRY GAS TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER} POINT PITOT VH ORIFICE eH PUMP OPACITY
TIME TIME | (°F) TEMP. | TEMP. “H20. VACUUM OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC FEET) (°F) (°F) ("ig0) DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)| %C02
; . C4, 307 - 2ae ara ve warmer wi 7
Lr ORs = — eld, way fet. ce
CUE on ‘§ wise) 10S :
6? Qs 2 Heit _ od. sO
2s] se ~ etd oy So
_ te 10.257 easy sé -- A of | se
Idys TOY ’so] seo eld - Led” Zo
: I< TOG 240, 3s. “OI - S| eg S10
mys ral 4 = 7 wee _
me 20.84 Sas] Se P| leer coq | Se
~~ (bes ac >> . ,Ors OF se
. mye TH. 278 240 ss oI req] sic
ae as TL 4S 29e as be ; a
Tl ere eee OI . 10g S7C
Veis Be “T] BOO
TOTAL 2. 1G 166 | 409 / =F 85"H20) Gp Bot
AVERAGE o KA QB F SIBSR 1.4 "H20 *_goa"Hol’ ae ees

dPm + Pp tAH = 29.5992 “Hg,



CASCADE IMPACTOR RESULTS

Client: £ PA FUE PLACE

Sampling Location! AVERAGE FIREPLACE

Dates J/3 AUGUST (97S

Run No: / 7 - 82-5

Dp (=Dpc), Particulate Weight Z% Cumulative Z
ITEM microns collected, ng collected less than Dp
Cyclone “4. © 33./
Stage #1 Fog/S~ °o./ 2h S59, 57
Stage #2 2.60/ a. / 2g S727. /
Stage #3 1.772 O.g 9. 5- 7.6
Stage #4 0.930 o.3 7./ FO. 5
Stage #5 0.592 Oo 74.3 26.2
Filter Af <e.2

43


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON 6
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS 4 - 5)

cunt fF PA Lpesx ace RUN No, __/
LuatlON Arse ncse sue 22 dee CrurupN0.
OPERATOR Sd. a ncew J/Abee den pate 2/25 /75°
SAMPLE BOX Ye,
CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)
FINAL INITIAL | NET
HO CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) >
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 m WATER) |. Gs.72 2.57
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) $32.4 le
BUBBLER (#3 DRY) :
SEI-F tG
HQ ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, al ;
2 , /
610.4 ey
TOTAL HO COLLECTED, ml
40:2
VOL. OF HO VAPOR @ 70°F, AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x TOTAL 170
2348
MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS
MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL, WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG, DRY MOL. WT. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VET/AP3C


VALENT!NE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS

/ COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DATA

JOB NAME FPA FIREPLACE DATE. Yh /
PREPARED BY sD WVAK SOY” APPROVED PAGE. / or_/,
suasect_E(REPCACE AIS SMS Run #4 69-s—
15°421 VOLm c:005 VH c-015 VH
29°64 pm 660 Ts se Ts 2*567168 Kg
< . 3+228776
5 ¢ Tetd 1°816556 soe e
32 . C+84 Cp
Tm 5*0075 VH 9 oan VH 6*301775 Vo
15°321948 vousta 690 Ts . Ts 1°170 As
Obst 2.274862 2+241651
g+41278 .
“-" VOLw 30075 6008 442+384560 Qo
6625 710
21620000 4 709 1+884144 530 Teg
2+291287 697
0*973792 5 29%
“73.99 MF o+012 29°81 Py
0 Wd 0°015 695
710 2+887905 326+369556 gq.
28+614332 ww 3+263433
0°0075
1905847 6g O01 675 697 Mg
29°81 Psn 660 2*259600 530 pd
; 2°569646 29-81 ‘sn
1001843 | cs 0005 40 T
0°01 710 090136 An
745 1°884144
2+729468 6+362879 V_
3:0075 160°969631 1
002 696
754 2+274862 106+2 P
3+883297 G+106746
0*9075
O+02 675
wear glee 2+250000 0°625 Ky
3°834057 21049408 ¢
0*9075
$*0075 670
705 2*241651 3298525 PMRp
2°299456 106+2 Pp
1+170 As
0°0075 4¢ T
700 0*90136 Ay
2+291287
2'301866 PMR
0°0125 ar
695 Ce a2
2+947456 S*30G222 PMRavg
o:625 N
62 2560539 @


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT £ PA LICE ACE DATE OF ANALYSIS 7 -29-7 ca
EVALUATION LOCATION Le. CF POAC Le PEACE RUN NO. /
EVALUATION DATE 7-2 5.787 CLEAN-UP SET NO. G&-S”

I. EVAPORATION OF _7O (ml) OF Acereve

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.

FINAL 77406.-/ (mg) - TARE 77 398,83 (mg)

“BLANK (COS 7 mg/ml) (_GO ml) =_. 5S mg) - 4,8
Il. FILTER cATCH MSA _//06 BH (Media Type)
FINAL 4 37.7 (mg) - TARE “23.9 (mg) = 13.3
BACK-UP 783.4 777-0 ms - J
IIT. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY BTHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON = 64
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 66 2@3S (mg) - TARE. 66273,/2 (mg)
“BLANK ( /.3 mg) = OST
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2/0 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 76. 2'495\7 (mg) - TARE 78 32 4. 8 (mg)
-BLANK (_, 4 __ mg/ml) (___ 216 ml initial

- 1O.2 ml conpenseD = 199,38 my) = _.G mg) = (3.3

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM /S°< (ml) OF Aczre~wc RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 7740/,/ (mg) - TARRE772@ 8.7 (mg)
“BLANK (.005'7 ug/ml) (JSS ml) = ‘4 mg) = SES
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I + 11 + IIIT + IV+V = 63,3
zs FINAL 73 $36.2
ACETONE = _.8 mg/ /¥O ml = 00ST mg/ml TARE 7222.5
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = LB ng.(FINAL792 697mg - TARE 72 79,7
WATER = 4 mg/_ 79 m= _»,-CORBS mg/m. FINAL 75 meze

TARE _7397>
VET/APS A

85


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT EPA F/PTSL4C= DATE OF ANALYSIS _9 - 7—7s—
EVALUATION LOCATION 4ye-445 F/PE Owe RUN NO. 2)
EVALUATION DATE S-Z— 7.5~ CLEAN-UP SET NO. 7S7~ 5
I. EVAPORATION OF /O 7 (al) OF ACE Ors
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 2984,.¢ (mg) - TARE 798.32, 8 (mg)
“BLANK (_. 00.5 7 mg/ml) (_fg7 m1) =.G __ mg) = Zo mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH ~ysw//dg 4 +/ (Media Type)
FINAL 382.6 (mg) - TARE 307. / (mg) = /S.5 mg.
rn, WeDNocARBON SoEAiNED G25 dctn-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ‘Ow =_ 27.7 og.
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 77532.3 (mg) - TARE 775 23.9 (mg)
“BLANK (__ 7- & mg) = /2.6 mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 220 (ml) WATER

IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 785C6.7 (mg) - TARE 795 3:3.€ (mg)
-BLANK ((.002 £4 mg/ml) ( 260 ml initial
- _ 7.6 ml CONDENSED = _252.9ml) = .7 mg) =_Z22.4 mg.

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM _/29 (ml) OF ACE7Or/E- RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 778 77.0 (mg) - TARE 7725 &.9 (mg)
~BLANK (ccs 7 mg/ml) (_/297 ml) =. 7 _ mg) = 28 mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + IIT +IV+V = 3.8 2g.
BLANKS
— FINAL 782 3¢.6 omg.
ACETONE = 0,8 ng/ /€O_ ml = 09.6087 mg/ml TARE SOSCtS.3 mg.

ETHER-CHLOROFORM = __/, 8 ng (FINAL 79 286.) mg - TARE 79 278.9 mg)

WATER = O.¢g mg/ /¢O ml = 00 286 mg/ml. FINAL 74 273.7 _ mg.
TARE EEE mg.
VFT/AP9 A

120


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cust 6&DA FRE Penne RUN No. _//
LOCATION & x pears: on/ wo. 8 §-5
OPERATOR Swan so~/ DATE Fe -e-7F

SAMPLE BOX YEtLo ww .

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET

Hy0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) ~
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX, 100 ml WATER) Po on
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 424,2 | $33.8 4

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

242.¢ | 34°94 | 12 |
6se-q | 6468 | 9.6_

Hyd ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml

TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF we VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 ‘OTAL H 90
x FORAL Ba! 153)
MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS
a

MOLECULAR WI, OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL, H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C

123



L747 + 3G —> 430

O,05+ lb.
; LOS 0% 5G. E SCF an
1b, adous 2/6 H ~*~ —~7ES. 22305

CD. eee

c) Oz avualak fa trom Sue fe

1 lé
0.34/80 x 32/602 56.4.5¢F air
1b, Weed 32/h.9o * WEST E92 sear
. 2 —_—

12, we’

4) Tor! fir Needed @ tf Excess Air

Qn. 66.24 23 —/9.2 = Fo ScFf arr

1&. tyvod

® Pre Sue +s o 4 Com bus fron trom Jb. wood wee

ayCO, + C+ Og — Coy

FIle. CO2 Og ILS lh mek Cg 379567062
x » x Sse ISS CF

J2/b.o 4b, toad F#/O. COZ bnmrrcre Cy
16, we

6) H20 3:24 +40, —> 42d
; /
18/6 (420 aos; H x Likermele 144E 319 SCF 20

2/64 76, w00d /@/k, H20 “Toe mie HQ = 279-7
1 by boa

ey 1430 ( £rom SLue/ )

O75 1b |42,0 bemele 4,0 eee?
s 2 x (fe-rmele a ye 379 SC 29 | ZB 257 a6

Jb, youd JE laHe2?9 7G-meie Ha U _

: Ab, tise
A) Me Carnied through com bus tien

ecEan 79 s6FNe - 4
To 56Fa x Soscen t SSS Ms
7b - weed / a ) o/

A O% eycess ac ewes

30


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT EPA FIREPLACE
SAMPLING POINT LOCATION O47 SOE €£&XTEWS/a0/
DATEAAES, /9 FIL Run no. 7 g HOW COLECTD 4S AE
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME OF ANALYSIS Aas. 20 1975-
CUMULATIVE j ANALYSIS ANALYSTS | ANALYSIS ANALYSIS
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 |
C02 -2AZ°:° Of if
t
i

Co2 + 02 20.¢ | 20.4
C02 + 02 + CO 20.4

|
2.3
20.4
|
20.9 20.49) _|

| |
_ if t
COMPONENT : i RATIO \WT./MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 #4 AVG. | MOLE wI\ (DRY)
C02 lor i o,r~ | OB | 9,233} 44/100 |. 708
l T , t
02 i 20,2 | 22.2— 20,1 | 20,167| 32/100 16, 433
co i a) Oo | Oo | O j2a/i00 | o
| i
i |
if i
i ‘
an i _—
| |
T
Ny (100-Above)|.79+6 | 7716 77.6 | | 7714} 28/100 122.288
AVG. MOLECULAR 28,34

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/AP42


fe
dy

.- STACK WALL
HEATED PROBE >
~~

NOZZLE “A

=

G
"S" Type pitot_
integral with
sampling probe

/:

FIGURE 2

MANOMETER

ICE BATH .

TEMPERATURE

ORIFICE

MANOMETER

L

DRY GAS METER

PUMP

METER
BOX

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON STACK GAS SAMPLING TRAIN WITH BACK-UP FILTER

UMBILICAL
CORD


[eT

cuient £27242.

Libis Gok 05

PORT LOCATION _4.4'42- 5 (72K Cre xen

DATE AZ2_7>_ AMBIENT CONDITIONS C< cnet 73°”
OPERATOR/S _1¢ ce “I

4 Sep.

VALENTINE FISE ER & TOMLINSON

SEATTLE, V/ASHINGTON

TRAVERSE SAMFLING DATA SHEET
Avcust IMPORTANT: FIJLL_IN ALL BLANKS

24

“BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg)!
LEAK RATE. / CFM @.
PORT PRESSURE (Ps)

120 «.

» "Hg
“HG
“Hg

we 5

BTACT 15% Poy * Pat Pg Hg
RUN NO. 27 Auld WE CAPSS ASSUMEO MOISTURE_J/2 ox MAX Vi “H,0
SAMPLE & METER BOX wumaersBluc gy add wpe COMICS” C FACTOR /./¢
werer sox an__( 3 ca REF. AP_uC3¢ OS)
- > 57 s 2 t av,
FILTER NO. 35°S" @ TARE_3S2. (mg FINS GA err stack piMenstons® 21/04 anea“7 7 O pz
CLEAN-UP NO. 3 BLANKS t PROBE NOZZLE DIA. LS IN; AN 2 OU7 $6 62
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 2-307 & 30% SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH“? _Nunwrr ZY stoe__/
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL _] AVERAGE VALUES:READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER ORY GAS TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER| POINT | PITOT VH ORIFICE AH PUMP STACK | OPACITY
TIME TIME AF) TEMP. | TEMP. ("H20) vacuud | TEMP, OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC FEET) INLET | OUTLET | (°F) (*F) (“H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL | (“Hg GA)| (°F) xco2
228 1G oe oT 27 ee
ae aor 0/2
| ai
LoZ | Bw
aren rou 223
Sa or
_. $ f _
14x ns

Le Let | 9

Le
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TOTAL “ A ve lowe NZ 4 5 ipa Heal AAA | oye
AVERAGE Ka, TF eases Z, [757 H20 #6 "H9] O74, “Pa

Pm= Pa tOH = 29, Jaf. “Hg

VFT/APLE

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O¢Y-a~a

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

cuient £7241 EWE RACE SEATTLE, WASHINGTON “BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg)27- 7.2: "Hg
PORT LOCATION A/owe yoAeee A fies L7>AZ HuTEN IN TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE_. 02 crm @__ 24-97 "HG
DATE é2 3°72 AMBIENT CONDITIONS Cg 2 4IC 75° * IMPORTANT: LLIN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (s)2 H20 © _ “Hig
OPERATOR/S LU GwALD F SPaNTEY - Poy * Pa t Ps ale. “Hg
RUN NO. Z S70? 16 ASSUNED MOISTURE x AX Vi__"t,0
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS CXC: & _ € FACTOR _~
eter Box an /- EQ COINS GO cer7 REF. A P_—
FILTER NO. 2.2 > °"6"thre_ (Po f mg STACK DIMENSIONS © 4 *J"%) AREA_/=/ 70 F2
CLEAN-UP NO. 3 BLANKS. & PROBE NOZZLE DIA. JP IN; Ay 2 F2
BOK & PROBE HEATER SETTING 250° § 30% SCHEMATIC OF TREVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH nunper_/ slog 2
[INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL “[ AVERAGE VALUES :READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | ORY GAS METER ORY GAS, TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER} POINT | PITOT vH ORIFICE AH PUMP STACK | OPACITY
TIME TIME (°F) TEMP, | TEMP, ("H20) vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC FEET) INLET | OUTLET | (°F) (°F) ("H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL | (“Hg GA)} (°F ) xC02
134% | 0 YYs2€ | Ze vs [235 Be ron ; : -
2¥e Ze __|. Oise | ess
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averse [/7// VA ev 50 00 7/1
Pm= Pg tAW = 79 99 3 “Hol bin (oR



VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

CLIENT EPA twee SEATTLE, WASHINGTON "BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) Pot tg
PORT LOCATION Heonercuses ct RE TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE_72 ¢_cFM @ 7G
pate & (1 7>_ AMBIENT conptrions,._@5" c.< oy AMPORTANT: =F’ LL_IN ALL BLANKS. PORT PRESSURE (ee 7 "tg
APERATOR/S_Atda-eb 7) Six Ansett sraci 2a? Ome Psy = PB + Ps “Hg
RUN NO, 14 Abdo yer yes ASSUMED MOISTURE_3_% MAX Vil___"H0
SAMPLE & METER BOX mnmensGLK 13 GM 2: eo 5 c Factor _/:<
METER BOX OH ge ret REFLAP 9 Se Ad 39 3c.
FILTER NO. Wwe» Tare 2CB.f ng .u.¥ 28-397 [TAS <r 4 4 stack DIMENSIONS 2-14 AREAL 162
CLEAN-UP NO. 3 BLANKS & Fintsn 1% PROBE NOZZLE DIA.Z¢ IN; Ay—__it_F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING a SCHEMATIC OF TREVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH wnoen T SIDE 2
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECOROED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES:READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
cLock ELAP. | DRY GAS METER DRY GAS TEMP, BOX |IMPINGEL} POINT | PITOT YH | ORIFICE AH pump © | stack | OPACITY
TIME TIME °F) TEMP, | TEMP. ("H20) vacUUM | TEMP. OR
(24-HRS) | (MIN) (cuatc Feet) | tet | ourter | (°F) | (FD ("H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL ("Ha GA)| (°F) 102
M78 | IG6e 722 | GF (2 | Qe | 7 eal ia a 7 re ;
fy Gye eS | EG Ge {2 | 7 , 7

Lt

TE
cs

Zo err
tom | 87 | tare J |2 056 | Ani A 20 Ae, She AZZ | 48)
AVERAGE ° V7 Fis FS 38eR MV, % 1 M20 GK] O71 OL

Pos Pp tOH = YS Hg

“217 °R



Client _£OPA. F/REPLACE

CASCADE IMPACTOR DATA

Bubbler (#1)
Impinger (#2)
Bubbler (#3)
Bubbler (#4)

TOTALS

Sampling Location AVERAGE FIREPLACE
Date _ 20 Awows7 /975—
Run Number 2 # 29S
Comments
PARTICULATE
FINAL TARE NET PARTICULATE
(gm) (gm) (gm)
Cyclone We.AF IT - W.4902 = 2192/2
Stage #1 3.7738 - 32736 = 19902
Stage #2 3.2556 -_3.229¢ = _,900/
Stage #3 3.5293 - 25290 = _.¢903
Stage #4 3.59/34 - 3.41/33 = . 9097
Stage #5 S45 465 - _3.65°6Y =. O00/
Filter (# 32-57) 28 2./ -/8/ 22 = 2007
TOTALS - = 0024
MOISTURE
FINAL TARE NET WATER
(gm) (gm) (ml = gm)

45


Table I, Continued

Summary of Emissions and Burning Conditions

Pollut ant
Stack Gas Concent- Mass Rate
Burning Stack Flow Rate Pollutant Concent— ration Burning
Burning Rate (BR) Temp Std. a Mass Rate ration % gm/std.m3 Rate(PMR/BR)
Fuel Type Run Conditions Kg/hr °C m3/min gm/hr (PMR) gm/std.m3 co2 @12%C02 gm/Kg
Pine 19 Start Up 11.2 125 11.857 80.5 0.2 7.2
Pine 20 Stable 14.0 109 10.986 0.2 6.5
Pine 21c Stable 10.0 104 10.539 ---c -
Pine 22£ Start Up 11.1 136 8.484 0.298 1.0f£ 13.6
Pine 23 Stable 9.1 105 10.727 +115 0.5 8.1
Pine 24d Stable 13.6 97 ---- ---- -—-- --- ---
Pine Average Start Up 11.2e 125e 11. 857e 80.5e .113e 0.2e 7.2e
Pine Average Stable 1l.6e 107e 10.856e 82.6e .127e O.4e 7.3e
Pine Average All
Conditions 11.4e 113e 11,190e 81.9e -122e Be 7.3e
Coal 12 Start Up 2.3 80 11.290 69.8 +103 0.2 30.3
Coal 13 Stable 2.7 74 11.597 38.8 +056 0.3 14.4
Coal Average All
Conditions 2.5 77 11.444 54.3 -080 0.2 4.208 22.4
All Types h Aver. All
Conditions 7.4 95 10.778 76.1 2119 0.4 4.536 ***11,7
a) Standard - 76 cm Mercury 21.[°C and dry
b) Particle sizing - see particle sizing results
c) Sampling for polycyclic organic materials (POM) - See Table II
d) Particle sizing runs not included in average
e) POM; particle sizing, smolder and glass front, (if run) are not included in average
f£) Glass fireplace screen was used for this run - note higher % C02
g) POM runs are not included in average
h) Coal, POM, particle sizing and glass front runs are not included in average
* Start Up - Initial ignition of fire or fuel addition, increasing combustion rate. ***Statistically determined mean from
Stable-- Constant combustion rate. individual values or PMR/BR. Division
Smolder - Tail end of combustion, decreasing combustion rate. of mean PMR by mean BR is not equal
** All values reported from results of modified EPA Method 5; front half, back half to the mean of the individual PMR/BR
impinger catch, and back-up filter. values due to statistical procedure

for obtaining mean values


CASCADE IMPACTOR DATA

client ALA. FIREPLACE

Sampling Location _ AVE PAGE F/REPLAL E

pate SWu/y 39, /975

Run Number 5 _ 6 7-5—
Comments
PARTICULATE
FINAL TARE NET PARTICULATE
(gm) (gm) (gm)
—. Coe
Cyclone Ti. S4Y - PP = 10024 “Beane
Stage #1 3.2523 - 3.2278 = 00057
Stage #2 S45 24 - _3:-4Y220 = 10004
Stage #3 3.9337 - 25324 = _.0003
Stage #4 35/9) - _3.3/90 = _,co9!
Stage #5 3.57392 - 3.95/29 = _.c00¥
Filter (#/6-5_) 182.) - 19). =_.o0/!
Piller hebler front 79.9720 79.4709 "oco @ 7 2003 Fen
TOTALS - = _.0060
MOISTURE
FINAL TARE NET WATER
(gm) (gm) (ml = gm)

Bubbler (#1) -

Impinger (#2) -

Bubbler (#3)° -

Bubbler (#4) -

TOTALS -



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA aD CALCULATIONS

cLient © PA A eer beaee run No, __/O
LOCATION _E XTEn/soa/ wod be)

OPERATOR ey gal Soa/ DATE S404 257

SAMPLE BOX_ BLUE

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET
H)0 CONDENSED, mi (1 mi = 1 gm) ~

BUBBLER (i#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 449. 44%.0] 4.0

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

4a7.e| ees / | 2.7.

(#3 DRY
BUBBLER (#3 DRY) 2a9.9| 348.7 “9

H20 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml

G2S5-s7 627,9|%6

TOTAL 4,0 COLLECTED, ml

S12
VOL. OF H,O VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x foran H20 4.72048
MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS
}—____

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C


After each test, the sample cups were removed from the impactor with tweezers,
The quantity collected on each cup was determined by weighing to the nearest
0.1 mg after desiccation, Similarly, the quantity of material collected on

the filter was determined. The nozzle, probe and pre-filter connections were
rinsed with reagent grade acetone. The nozzle and probe washers were evaporated
to dryness in a 150 ml tared beaker, The prefilter connections wash was also
evaporated to dryness in a tared beaker. The weight of residue in both beakers
were determined. A blank value for the acetone used was also determined.

CLEAN-UP AND ANALYSIS

Clean-up of the EPA train was performed by carefully removing the filter
and placing it in a container marked Sample # A. Reagent grade

acetone and brushes were used to clean the nozzle, glass probe and
pre-filter connections. The acetone wash was placed in a container marked
Sample #___ B. The impinger and bubblers were weighed in their respective
containers to the nearest 0.1 gram, The original weights which included
approximately 100 ml water in one bubbler and 100 ml water in the impinger
were then subtracted and the differences added with the water weight gain of
the silica gel. This constituted the amount of water collected during the
run. The silica gel was weighed in a bubbler before and after the run. The
water from the glassware and a water rinse of the glassware were placed in a
container marked Sample # _ C. An acetone rinse of the glassware and all
post-filter glassware (not including the silica gel container) was performed
and placed in a container marked Sample # = D. The back-up filter was
carefully removed and placed in a container marked Sample #__ E.

Analysis of the samples in each container was performed according to the
following:

Sample #___ A - Transfer the filter and any loose particulate from

the sample container to a tared glass weighing dish and desiccate

for 24 hours in a desiccator containing "drierite." Weigh and redesiccate
repeating until a constant weight is obtained and report the results to
the nearest 0.1 milligram.

Sample #___ B ~ Measure the volume to the nearest 0.1 milliliter.
Transfer acetone washings from container into a tared beaker and
evaporate to dryness at ambient temperature and pressure. Desiccate

for 24 hours and weigh. redesiccate and weigh repeating until a constant
weight is obtained. Report the result to the nearest 0.1 milligram.

Sample #___ C ~ Measure the volume to the nearest 0.1 milliliter, Extract
organic particulate from the water solution with three 25 milliliter portions

of chloroform and three 25 milliliter portions of ethyl ether. Combine the
ether and chloroform extracts and transfer to a tared beaker. Evaporate

until no solvent remains at about 70°F, This can be accomplished by blowing

air thac has been filtered through activated charcoal over the sample. Desiccate
for 24 hours and weigh and redesiccate to a constant weight. Report the results
to the nearest 0.1 milligram. After the extraction, evaporate the remaining
water to dryness and report the results to the nearest 0.1 milligram.

1R


IV. PROCEDURES

PARTICULATE SAMPLING TRAIN

Stack gas sampling equipment designed by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency, (EPA), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards was used
on this evaluation. A schematic of the sampling equipment is shown in Figure 2.

Sampling was performed according to the following:

The number of sampling points were determined by considering the number of

duct diameters between obstructions in the duct upstream and downstream of

the sampling ports, The rectangular chimey 8.75 in. x 19.25 in. had an area of

1.17 ft* and was equivalent in area to a round duct 1.22 ft. in diameter or

by equation 1-1 of Method 1 Standards of Performance for New Stationary

Sources, i.e. 2 (length) (width) or the chimney was equivalent to a round duct
(length + width)

1.0 ft. in diameter. Thus the number of stack diameters downstream from the

damper was 15, and the number of diameters upstream from the chimney top was

1.8. The minimum number of points required would be 10. The actual number of

points selected was 20 to improve air flow measurement and sampling accuracy.

A drawing of the fireplace port locations is shown on Figure 1, The five

ports A, B, C, D and E are spaced 3.85 inches apart and ports A and E are

1.92 inches from the inside wall of the chimney.

Five ports with 4 sampling points each giving 20 points total were required in
order to meet criteria from the Federal Register Method 1 Section 2.2.2. The.
ratio of the length to width of each elemental area was 1.76 meeting the 1 to 2
ratio requirements.

Stack pressure, temperature moisture content and maximum velocity head readings
were measured, An EPA designed nomograph was set up using this data and the
correct nozzle diameter was selected using the nomograph.

The sampling train was prepared as follows:

A filter (MSA 1106-BH) was labeled and desiccated for at least 24 hours to a
constant weight and weighed to the nearest 0.5 mg. The filter was placed in a
glass holder and was supported by a glass frit. The outlet side of the filter
holder was connected to the condenser section. 100 miligrams of water was
placed in the first bubbler and second impinger. The third bubbler was left
dry. The fourth bubbler was filled with approximately 500 gram of silica gel.
All four sections of the condenser were then weighed individually to the nearest
0.1 gram and recorded. A back-up filter (MSA 1106-BH) was desiccated for more
than 24 hours to a constant weight and weighed to the nearest 0.5 mg. The back-up
filter was placed between the third and fourth bubblers.

Just prior to sampling, a leak test was performed on the assembled sampling train.
The leak rate did not exceed 0.02 cfm at a vaccum of approximately 24 inches Hg.
The probe was heated so that the gas temperature at the probe outlet was approx-
imately 250°F. The filter was heated to approximately 250°F to avoid condensa-
tion of moisture on the filter. Crushed ice was placed in the condenser section
at the beginning of the test with new ice being added as required to keep the
gases leaving the sampling train below 70°F.

12


III. DISCUSSION OF EMISSION FACTORS

The representative fireplace in the Seattle area was prepared for sampling
as shown on Figure 1, The selection of the representative fireplace is
discussed in Appendix A. A total of 24 samples consisting of 18 EPA Method 5
samples, 3 polycyclic organic material (POM) samples and 3 particle sizing
runs were collected from the selected fireplace. Sampling was performed
using alder, pine, douglas fir, locust and coal as fuels. Coal was not

included in computing final average emission parameters because of its current
low frequency of use.

A summary of emissions and burning conditions is presented in Table I.

Sampling was conducted under three burning conditions of start-up, stable,

and smolder, Start-up conditions were present just after building the fire,
The flue gas temperatures were rising during this condition. Stable conditions
were present when the fire had reached a constant combustion rate. The flue
gas temperatures were at a constant level during this burning condition.
Smolder conditions were present when the fire was no longer stoked. Since no
fuel was being added during smoldering, burning rate was decreasing. Flue

gas temperatures dropped throughout the smolder condition.

Emissions reported in Table I are calculated using the EPA Method 5 front
half section plus the back half section which includes a back-up filter. In
addition to the standard EPA-designed particulate sampling train (referred
to generally as Method 5) a back-up filter was added between the dry bubbler
and the bubbler containing silica gel. The sampling train with the back-up
filter is shown in Figure 2. The average back-up filter catch for the

18 particulate runs was found to be 61% as heavy as the front half filter
catch (see Tabulation of the Ratio of Back Half to Front Half Catch,
Appendix B). In four cases the back-up filter catch was more than the front
half filter catch.

Concentrations of CO) reported in Table I were measured by an Orsat analyzer.
Subsequent particulate concentrations corrected to 12% C09 are susceptible
to errors due to the magnitude of correction and the accuracy of the C02
analysis. More accurate determinations of C02 were made by infrared analysis
as shown in Table II.

The data given in Table I shows how three factors affecting atmospheric
emissions were developed during this project. The factors are 7.4 kilograms
per hour wood burning rate (BR), 76.1 grams per hour pollutant mass rate (PMR)
and 11.7 grams emissions per kilogram of wood burned (PMR/BR). The BR and the
PMR were calculated from the average of fifteen modified EPA Method 5 sampling
runs. From these fifteen runs a 95 percent confidence interval was found for
the BR, PMR, and PMR/BR to be + 1.15, + 11.6 and + 2.3 respectively.

All samples utilized for emission parameters reported in Table I were
collected within 100 + 10% of isokinetic conditions. Stack sampling utilized
3-foot heated glass probes within S type pitobes. A 1/2-inch diameter nozzle
was used to collect all particulate and POM samples. Section IV, Procedures,
describes in more detail the sampling procedure used for this evaluation.

An important emission parameter which allows comparison of the emissions of
various types of wood being burned, is gm particulate/kg wood burned. A plot
of this parameter versus burning condition, Figure 3, reveals that emissions


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

CeoA’e

CLIENT “409 AP Let fete RUN NO, /2

LOCATION hyd ort pester! Keine t PLOY iE EO CA CE. no. 8 > hy

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OPERATOR 4" x2 2072 been sear DATE EL ELAS

SAMPLE BOX Ze Lier’

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET
H 0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm) 7
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 434 433 4 1.7
F 7.
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) a47.38| Os 2.4
3 DRY) :
BUBBLER (# 32706 | 326.7 _3
HQ ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml a
2 , Ge?./ | Ge2.c Ss. /
TOTAL HO COLLECTED, m1 29, s—
VOL. OF H,O VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x 40TAL 820 O.4€50

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. Hj0 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/4P2C


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

2-
cuient £ PA AYRE PAAC E 72-8

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Soy 7e-ass/ga/  OA4 STACK

DATE 4u¢z Z, L277 RUN NO. Z HOW COLLECTEDZ WIE GRATED GRAB BAG
°
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION 427% — / 32 TIME OF ANALYSIS Aue S$ 1995

CUMULATIVE | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS

% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 #6
C02 0.2 0-2 0.2
C02 + 02 20.6 120.6 |20.7

coz +0 +00| 20.6 | 20.6 | 20.7

COMPONENT RATIO \wr. /MOLE!
Z BY VOL. (DRY) #1 #2 #3 #4 AVG. | MOLE WI\ (DRY)
co2 Or o.% 0.2 121 44/100 _| .088 |
02 20,4 | 20,4 | ROW 20.424 32/100 | 6.539
co (Xe) 0.0 0:0 O10 | 2a/100 | 0.0
Np (100-Above)| 29-4 | 79+¢{ 7943 PF.26p 28/100 122-22
AVG. MOLECULAR 28, 8s}

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/AP4B 109


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ‘ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DA’

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VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

curent £4 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON “BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) ite “Hg
PORT LOCATION Ade ve rerleirery ies. TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE_O2 crn @ as "HG
DATE &'_4.3_ 7Q AMBIENT CONDITIONS, Ccoeae 707 IMPORTANT: FLL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps) “H20 ». “Hg
OPERATORS IV GUARD 97 S7TAwToV cee Poy = PB + PS siren “Hg
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BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING = SCHEMATIC OF TREVERSE POINT LAYOUT proBe LeNaTa 3’ _nusmer/“++  stoe 2
INSTANTANEQUS READINGS: RECOROEO @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES:REAO WITHIN THE TIME [NTERVAL
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Tom |) | 2 te | pede | yy Z Weezer Y pth) AAA -
7 7 7 - 7 :
"AVERAGE DL 5 AT RASS ZA ca tte0 opt 47,7) 1 G0

Pos Pe tOH = 7p “Wg (anes



TABLE IL

COMPARISON OF CO, RESULTS

% CO
Infrared % CO
Run No. (IR) Orsat Difference
6 0.63 0.5 0.13
8 0.79 0.4 0.39
15 0.65 0.4 0.25

The lower Orsat measured carbon dioxide concentrations at 0.4% indicates

that combustion of wood in a fireplace is taking place with 4900% excess air
(See Appendix F for % excess air calculation). Carbon dioxide was calculated
at 1% theoretically which yields 1900% excess air. In either calculation,
the high excess air quantities indicate that fireplace burning of wood is at
best a partial combustion process.

One sample was taken with a glass front fitted on the fireplace to determine

the effect of reduced air supply to the fireplace. Carbon dioxide was increased
indicating more efficient combustion but atmospheric emissions were not
significantly reduced.

Three POM samples were collected, one each, on alder, douglas fir and pine
fires. POM concentrations in the stack gas averaged 6,946 ng per cubic meter
(76 cmHg and 21.1°C dry). The complete results showing each constituent
analyzed is shown in Appendix E. The procedure of POM sampling and analysis
is discussed in Section IV. The total concentration of POM in runs 6, ll
and 21 are shown in Table III.

Three cascade impactor particle sizings were made, (one each), on alder,
locust, and pine wood using a Brinks particle sizer built into the Method 5
type sampling train (see Figure 5 in Section IV). The mean particle sizes are
3.5 microns, 2.2 microns, and 3.4 microns respectively. The average particle
size for the three runs (Nos. 5, 17 and 24) is 3.0 microns. The particle size
samples were collected at 358, 385 and 269% of isokinetic conditions for runs 5,
17 and 24 respectively. These high % of isokinetic values are due to under
sizing of the sampling nozzle. The stack gas velocity was 7.8 feet/sec. at the
point of sampling. The nozzle was sized by previous sampling experience where
approximately 25 feet/sec. is normally encountered. (Procedures of particle
sizing runs are found in Section IV. Calculations and distribution graphs are
found in Appendix G.)

Precautions were taken to maintain uniform burning conditions during sampling.
Stack gas temperatures were revealed during sampling to provide a good indi-
cation of the state of combustion conditions, As stack gas temperatures dropped,
more fuel was added which maintained the stack gas temperature within a
relatively constant range. A "P" type pitot at a single reference point was
utilized to attempt to monitor flue gas flow changes during sampling. The
reference pitot also would have allowed corrections to be made in the flue gas


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT £OPH Fyes ee ve = DATE OF ANALYSIS 9 —/ 2-3 <-
EVALUATION LOCATION AA /e0P2 ce Are ee RUN NO. _/ 57
EVALUATION DATE 2-2 I CLEAN-UP SET NO. ~ y— 5

I. EVAPORATION OF // 2 (ml) OF Ace Tove

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.

FINAL 722282.2 (mg) - TARE po zv ec (mg)

-BLANK (_.00S5 7 mg/ml) (_//S ml) =+7 mg) = 3-7 mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH /ysse //Ch Ses # (Media Type & #
FINAL 336.6 (mg) - TARE 35-5. / (mg) = _29. 57 mg.
BeeRUP 198.2 1mg) 482.6 omg} = 75.6 we
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON = i
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 7992 2,9 (mg) - TARE 790/2,8 (mg)
“BLANK ( ) & mg) = (8.37% ng.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2570 (m1) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 72€0~,7 (mg) = TARE 7579 0.7 (mg)
-BLANK (.0028%3 mg/ml) ( Zsco ml initial

- _H.34% ml CONDENSED = 235.5501) =c,7 mg) =_/ 9. = mg.

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM yy (ml) OF ACE O//E~ RINSE GF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

FINAL 7@7.2 5.2 (mg) - TARE 7 97 $2/ (mg)

~BLANK (+ 957 mg/ml) (_//7S~ ml) = of @ mg) =_ 75,57 2g.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = 1+ II + III +IV+V * FR .7_ ag.
2? / ‘
atanks fun (°° /.
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER~CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = ng/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE mg.
VFT/AP9 A —_


APPENDIX F

ENERGY BALANCE, % EXCESS AIR

In order to evaluate the combustion characteristics and heating efficiency of
the fireplace during testing, calculations were done to determine air require-
ments for burning, % C02, theoretical heat available, and heat losses from the
fireplace. These calculations are contained in this section.

Combustion calculations were based mainly.on stoichiometric equations of combusti
and the ultimate analysis of wood. The heat available for combustion was also
calculated with data from ultimate analysis.

Heat losses from the fireplace were divided into four components. These compo-
nents include: heat lost in exhaust gases, heat lost due to air infiltration,
heat lost from the fire box, and heat lost from the chimney, Each of these
components were then calculated using approximate thermodynamic and heat transfer
equations and techniques.

28


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON

LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT EF PA AV 22 22425 DATE OF ANALYSIS 7-2 /-75
EVALUATION LOCATION AVERAGE AV AC RUN NO. 22
EVALUATION DATE 8-20-27 CLEAN-UP SET NO. E7-s
I. EVAPORATION OF /5O (ml) OF ACE ove
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL 7os59,8 (mg) - TARE DSZ0 25.2 (mg)
-BLANK (- cS" 7 mg/ml) (_ 7S ml) = + F_ ng) = SAP mg.
Il. FILTER CATCH “7S4 //oo 3H _# (Media Type & #)
00,9 3650S 25.4
FINAL £090, 9_ (mg) - TARE 355. 7 (mg) = 4EO mg.
BAK YP 782.9 mg - 7 @On.7 mg < 2.2
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON g.
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINALG 7.26 2.7 (mg) - TARE 672 5°3./ (mg)
-BLANK ( 78 ng) =_ /O.8 1.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2oOS (mi) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 72/0 8,9 (mg) - TARE 270 2.9 (mg)
-BLANK ((_. 29286 mg/ml) (__ 29S ml initial
- S/he ml CONDENSED = (90, ml) = +S 2g) = 79,57 0g.
V. PARTICULATE FROM “OQ (ml) OF ACe Fev" RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL7 2905S (mg) - TARE 7287.9 (mg)
“BLANK (. COS77 ng/ml) (_790 ml) = «4 _ ag) = 28.93 _ 2g.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = 1+ II + III +I1V+V = S7/ mg.
BLANKS Kun *|
FINAL mg.
ACETONE = ng/ ml = mg/ml TARE. mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE mg)
WATER = ng/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE mg.
VFT/AP9 A

165



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT APA Sy 2 SeA! e DATE OF ANALYSIS 7-30 ~ 75
EVALUATION LOCATION AYE RAGE -/PEPL A. ST RUN NO. BZ
EVALUATION DATE _ “7 — 26 —~7 5 CLEAN-UP SET NO. G4 8-S

I. EVAPORATION OF  .S_ (ml) OF ACETO*V/E

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE

FILTER.

FINAL 77/2 <# (mg) - TARE 77// 7.6 (mg)

“BLANK (_.005 7 mg/ml) (__#5~ ml) =O.2_ ng) = _ 4.4 mg.
Il. PILTER CATCH “7S A W/o6 RY (Media Type)

FINAL 432 8 (mg) - TARE #25.6 (mg) = /3.2 mg.
BaAcx vp 423.8 mg - 7820.2 mg = /3
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION 0) 3-6 ng

WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.

FINAL 6545/2 (mg) - TARE 65° <¢0./ (mg)

“BLANK (_/. 8 mg) = /97 mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2/9 (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 7,793,2 (mg) - TARE 7579 4% (mg)
“BLANK ((.00224 mg/ml) (_2/0 ml initial

-_&.7 ml CONDENSED = 2oy 2 ml) * -G omg) = _//,2 mg.

Vv. PARTICULATE FROM _&9O (ml) OF ACE7o*/E RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:

PINAL 78 28 G.2 (mg) - TARE 78 223.9 (mg)
-BLANK (0057 mg/ml) (_EO__ ml) = _. F_ mg) = A/F me
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I + II + III +1V+V = /26.2.
BLANKS FINAL 7534.5 mg.
ACETONE = __- & mg/_ /fZoO ml = +cuS7 mg/ml TARE 225°7 Te mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = 12 mg.(FINAL 792247 mg - TARE 772 7E€.7 ng)
WATER = _- & ng/ (#9 m= -CO2E5 mg/ml. FINAL 72972.4 my.

TARE 750 0 i.c mg
VFT/AP9 A

97


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cuient £4 £0 dIC€ RUN NO. 5
LOCATION SZ2VE Cr 72 ie KEL CE No. 8 0 ba bY)
OPERATOR hac Ceyt2.2 Sean i zava DATE EY 2s

SAMPLE BOX. Lu <“é

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET

Hy0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 427.) | 432.7 | 42

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)| wry, S | <.S50.06

3 DRY ,
BUBBLER (# > 226.9 336,3 af

6F/-4 632.2 22

H)0 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml

TOTAL 4,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF 0 VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =

0.0474 x TOTAL #20 16797

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP3C
139


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT XB fbr ee CB

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION CT7KK —AeccHee Aves RAGE

DATE "2-29-79" RUN NO. ZO HOW COLLECTED Ce AAS

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION 737 2e?_ -/4 92 TIME OF ANALYSIS ZL ZIL7S LE7)

CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 | #2 js #4
602 07 106 |26 !
T t .
C02 + 02 120.8 | 20.7 } 207 !
I : i :
C02 + 09 + CO 29.8 208 '70,7 |
|
1 i] | :
I i | !
1 T 7 :
COMPONENT ; i : TRatio \wr. /MOLE
% BY VOL.(DRY); #1 | ——sf2 #3 1 #4 |_AVG. | MOLE wr\ (DRY)
i i q i T i
C02 O07 1:06 |! O06 - 1683 | 44/100 1,279
02 _290/ 2O/ 20,/ | 120.) | 32/100 6.422
i : l
co iS fal o_ (28 | 28/100 _|-008
| + t +
! i i
; | | i
| if I v
|
T t
Np (100-Above)| 79-2 | 79,2 79-3 175.222! 28/100 |2> 18S
AVG. MOLECULAR 3.90
WT. DRY STACK GAS
VET/AP4B

90



UE

TABLE III

Summary of Emission Constiituents

Concentration Parameters Obtained by Gas
Polycyclic Polycyclic Chormatography and Mass
Organic Organic Spectophotometry
Burning Materials a Materials a a PPM PPM PPM

Fuel Type Rn Condition (ng) ng/std. m3 b 02 N2 co co2 NMVHc
Alder 6 Stable 166,000 5,746 20.2 79 280 6,300 4.5
Douglas Fir 8 Stable --- --- 20.0 79 405 7,900 4.7
Douglas Fir i Stable 220,000 7,444 — - --- --- ---
Locust 15 Stable --- --- 20.2 79 440 6,500 5.3
Pine 21 162,000 7,647 --- -- cen -—- -_-
All Average 183,000 6,946 20.1 79 375 6,900 4.8
a) See table V for quantification of specific materials

b) Standard - 76 cm. Mercury 21.1°C and dry
¢) NMVH - Non Methane Volatile Hydrocarbons


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

>
CLIENT 20444 poWA ere ree

LOCATION be BUNCE Ll Stas

OPERATOR xe3wsen /AceeAcdD

SAMPLE BOX_C7.v7407 -¢

H,0 CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

HO ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml
TOTAL H,O COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF H,0 VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM, =
0.0474 x FOTAL H30

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI, OF STACK GAS

RUN NO,

a
No. G&S

DATE 7 / 32/25,

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL INITIAL | NET
FPL 2. FELL 3B./
F826 |S E, 4.2
7ee/, —
PSO. 2 Lees. Cc. /
ESF. 7 ax
8.7
+ W238

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. H.0 VAPOR

VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS

100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFT/AP 3C

96


TOE

YURN ~ourkt (39 F GB -— wlhhk tl Ut synote,

a vy Te
69-9
VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON °
CLIENT APA LE LRE eDC c SEATTLE. WASHINGTON BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) 32 £2 "Hg
PORT LOCATION 27S ELE Xr dn vse TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET AMBIENT CONDE HONS Lak Ly — hasty ——
DATE uth ta? g22 py vv AMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps) "H20 =. “Hg
-_— - De y "
OPERATOR/S —SacaaldvsiceAd ol DIB. PeMa RING @ 4? Ab Pearinity Psy * PB + Ps he cae id
RUN NO. _ Ae dee 79 Ib Cog & Mees ASSUMED MOISTURE___/ > %
SAMPLE & METER BOX NUMBERS! ¢ < -8_4/0-7 i : ; a ; ¢ Factor »-83 Do BT) las
METER BOX ga SS a 2.25 1b. Oe Prvbe-/ . WF apa 41, 45 f 4S ys
FILTER NOSMEPTT_ TARE 2ISS mg lb, eo AS Side—Z STACK DIMENSIONS323/1%; aREAL/ Zu) ~F2
CLEAN-UP NO.2%. 5 BLANKS & G18. & fest PROBE NOZZLE DIA‘2“ IN; Ay.» 20/36 _F2
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 200 & GO _ ‘ SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH___FT. IN, ese
INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL A. 84
CLOCK ELAP. | DRY GAS METER oRY fs TEP. Box |IMPINGER} POINT | PITOT Vi ORIFICE Qo 4 PUMP STACK | OPACITY
TIME TIME F) Tew. | TEMP. ("H20, vacuum | TEMP. OR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (CUBIC FEET) INLET | OUTLET } (°F) (°F) ("H20) DESIRED | ACTUAL | ("Hg GA)| (°F ) xC02
soo 2 &I79.3( | 29 22 4 3/9 | 70 VET To, ec) So | jon ay)
so 3 3 CBA/ 25 Bo? 23 220 | es V2 pr5~ C2 ae ee ol
ear a iH2 9 |-82. 4) 22 was} Gv =. 3 wo DS ak 2D. 29 -ot
woos | 9g | ehe 9 | Bd | 29 baoo |e Poy Sp lao | 90 144, .oFs
seofl4}_~2 |. 5 725 | 9 so 890 |292 160 Fear Tio 39) 39 2 Dov wot
(2174 167 Je Pe. 92 | Bs | Bo | ego po 2 | 2s > 9 | [ ra I cops:
porto | ek eB. 39 |e? | ey | are a ere ; € Deo oy
23 | 2/ BI 2 az _32 {2% os : .
22y 2%! 24 1697.23 + Ey 1 5 Teo ar
Vody | 2? IO 2, a7 Ba rca weer lot
pose. 229. c-3|.v27 _| 7 a> ae “¥
232 — | 222 vas Teo. >4
LEA VI4 242 7 .
oe : - fi). 2) aay
Ley
aE
wpe
wel
rey
oe
ens
TT aa 5 +> awe phos, she
p TOTAL Ge 27,3)7 (978 |i p42) ZL) 20), 2,08" H20| 7h 3
_ AVERAGE, Df ass eR OC, AO. & "H20 =.0.74."H9| wa 2/0 J


cLIENT PA. FIREPLACE

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

2@ -

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION OY TS/IO EE EXTENSION

vats Aer. &/ 4925" RUN NO.__F HOW COLLECTED /WTEGAATED GRAB BAL
3.
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION GS2~//23 rive oF aNaLysts Auw. 2,1925-

CUMULATIVE j ANALYSIS ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS ANALYSIS
ZY VoL.(pRY)| #1 | #23
| | |
£02 OS” 2.4 | O26 | :
coz + 02 20.9 | 20.8 :20.8 |
c02 +02 + C0 | 5, i240! |
—
| | | ,
| | | |
+ * ;
COMPONENT : | : RATIO \WT. /MOLE
%_BY VOL. (DRY) #1 : #2 } #3 H #4 AVG. | MOLE WT\ (DRY)
Cog | Ou } 6.6 | 6,6 ©6677] 44/100 |. 24
02 (20,4 | 20,2 | 26,2: Po, 267] 32/100 {6,488
T
co | 12 4 12 | 1 /@7| 28/100 _|.o4"7
4 |
' | H
| : H
T
No (100-Above)| 79,0] 79,0 | 79,0 | 7.0! 28/100 | 22.12
AVG. MOLECULAR 28.90

VFT/APL2

WI. DRY STACK GAS

117


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DAT,

JOB NAME EPA FIREPLACE — vate Ht AYOUST./I7TS-
prePareo sy SIVANWS O/V APPROVED PAGE. ? or__/
sussect_ FLREPLACE EMisS(ON Ss. Ru 7. : 72-5

7 voim VH c13i VH

> Pm Ts é¢5 Ts
Tstd . Breesele

Tm 3191 VH
ws

: Volstd .,.-; averaea, TS

E77 VOoLw . . wea!

Teisislc Mm -. a. Zio Tety
° . 633
p92 MF 515 770k Pea
. wa 625
3+oe166e
2g+505377 Ww
o+o1s oe t
tOCbzEE 65 T's
ater, (Ga 626 576 th
<7*Ss Pan 31049590 25761. Pi
éo ft
6205223 . . EG
presoees Gs crates grore c+oo1z6 Aa
636 605
2+S05242 2°778612 THiTs276 yy
34e72i514 4
o+c1s gto1e
625 625 72.3
T+e49596 2728612 ceoneees &
4912 "O15
11 625 ue
2+767766 2+649556 ee36sr4e N
Deol 3*015
625 6ic net PH
Cee17Zse C2488 fj
A
gee18 i
ec -
- oe . A
te al
Seitiles

64 a


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
CONSULTING ENGINEERS COMPUTER PRINT-OUT OF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DA

Jos Name Le A. FIRE PLACE vate BAYS, (975
prepared sy SLVAMSONW APPROVED. pace__Z or__Z

sussect_ FIREPLACE EMISSIONS RUN 4/3 2a-5—

volLm

Pm pede lise
Tstd
Tm
2S+Ce0TCE VOksted
"=25° VOLw mecyt alae
tereteon- oor
cee a aeSD0023
MF 254d
wd 629
2+7it 26329513 259+505779 Qe
Ww
Lernaote oot orcis 625 15
“Tyee tas GE 622 629 530 Ty
le+te : mn agenn
Psn P6552 210495 7% za+20 Pep
Cr17g5set 6c Tt
c 4 es 39614 oais DCs Ay
635 625
S1SE1645 25926123 sect ‘a
a end pois? '
rears oeot
637 625 -
; soaae coh
Ber7esot 26409973 sersr7 €
pcOST 7+ &
coi4 g:o14
645 603
29993325 29958633
geohe
£27
2 2476276
gecic
62s
29265545
2ic5i5 PN
Deo74t 548

70 estas


ST

FLOW DIRECTION
RETAINING SPRING 7

8-MM GLASS
COOLING COIL

ADSORBENT

GLASS FRITTED GLASS WOOL PLUG
28/12 BALL JOINT DISC

GLASS WATER FRITTED STAINLESS STEEL DISC——
JACKET
15-MM SOLV-SEAL JOINT

ADSORBENT SAMPLING SYSTEM

Frem the Paper: Efficient Collection of Polycyclic
Organic Compounds from Combustion Effluents, by
Peter W. Jones et.al,

FIGURE 4



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

cient EPA FUREY ACE

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION

QOTSIDE. EXTEMSON
Dati AUS. 7Y, /FIS- RUN NO. 2O HOW coutecres, ri tee

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME OF anaLys1s AGG 20, /F75
CUMULATIVE “| ANALYSIS j ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS ANALYSIS.
% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 i #2 | #3 \ #4
; | |
Cog 0A2 #02 ,.042 . |
1
coz + 02 20.3 20.3 283 | !
T
cog +02 +001 20,3 20.3 | 20,3 |
: |
i I |
H T
i : |
| !
COMPONENT . | ‘Tratio \wr. /MOLE
% BY VOL.(pRy)| #1 | #2) 3 i #4 | AVG. | MoLE wr\ (DRY)
T u i
C02 i 2 | toe | 4a /100 028
i ! i : i i
02 Zoil - Bow | 20.} | 29,1 | 32/100 | 3.422
I : ! |
co ao CO 4 O.0 |: 1O.© | 28/100 [0.2
! i i
: | | H
T T T T
i | H |
'
: |
T i 4
No (100-Above) | 774 | i i | 77.49 ‘28/100 | 2.2/2
AVG. MOLECULAR (29.33

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/APL =
159


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT £OP A. Fee Pesce
SAMPLING POINT LOCATION Yeviee 2 SoA Poe

pate /u/.y 3d 22757 RUN no. <4 HOW COLLECTED Ge 4G BAC

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION poe— pet TIME OF ANALYSIS wy3 L275
CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS ANALYSIS ANALYSIS

% BY VOL. (DRY) #1 #2 #3 #4

602 m7 C57 |e 2.7

coz + 02 2o6 |2o,€ [2.4 20.6

coz +82 +00 | 20.5 |2o.G |Re-6 | 20,4

COMPONENT RATIO \WT./MOLE,
& BY VOL. (DRY) #1 #2 #3 #4 AVG. | MOLE WT’ (DRY)
Coz 2 a 4 17 625" | 44/100 |, 27%
02 19,4 | 20.) 20,0] 19.9 II9.f2s'| 4/100 12, 292
co 0,0 0.0 0.90 0.0 | 0,0] 28/100 |O'O
Np (100-Above)| 77.4 19.4 29-4 | 25-4 | 27] 28/100 | 22.222

AVG. MOLECULAR 22.90

WI. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/AP4B 98


Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and non-methane volatile hydrocarbon were
analyzed by means of an infrared spectrophotometer with a 10 meter cell.
Standard curves for CO, C09, hexane and methane were run, The value for
methane was determined for each run analyzed, then subtracted from the

total volatile hydrocarbon value measured as hexane, resulting in the reported
quantity of total volatile non-methane hydrocarbons.

All runs except particle size runs and POM run #21, utilized the hand-operated
Orsat for quantifying oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen
concentrations. in the stack gas. The samples were collected as described

in the preceding procedure in integrated grab bag. In analysis CO, was
absorbed in the first column of the analyzer. The gas sample was passed
through the column several times to insure complete collection. The volume

of displaced gas was recorded. Oxygen and then carbon monoxide were

measured similarily. In all cases of quantifying the gas constituents of

the grab bag sample at least three separate samples were pumped into the

Orsat for separate analysis. Nitrogen was quantified by subtracting the
total percent of the measured gases from 100.

20


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON @ CONSULTING ENGINEERS
COMPUTATION & DESIGNING SHEET

jos name EAA. FIRE PRCE pare 22 25-75)
PREPARED BY__-D- A. ALGVAL. _ PAGE. / or. vi
SUBJECT. PEKERENCE Or VELOCITY CoReections jskiuww IO
Se a 7 —— — Ane A Kern
TRav. PT, Von dd LEE. Vit Reo te aren ATC
_. al — : _ _ ee _ 1 YTRYH
n feo: 2b Jor lpr.
2 Mee ee _
2 22 i ae v7 ee 2s 2g ,
4 Lge ae a 183
ic i get w/#) i i 9Re us
G _ ‘two ! . phe op ge [1%
7 132 | he {noe L233
g Pe ee ee sy
Fr Lp ed | M91 | 1 BRE! e449
Ovi Lite] ee ee 24
pi, +t 22I wee) tf pon ft fzal_ it
day: Te 7 -Y
We een Lz ae oe Lor | ep
¥ ‘ : : + Yo { fi ! 12 LILES
is gl a |___ doz aes
Ye ge te f,0% : isd !
so Lob at | eo: wok is
be! ge dy i ot RIG, it :
ip ad i [lee i 4
=fo aC) ee
tetas “36 av
ptf
True |Avee ade
poi | a
—~ [). (fide - 124 veese |
VN tae
—— 7 Ta — re —_
7 it :
= 7 aEa (z. 27 Eiiaye + 244 feet freee

{

anne rae Aveeaia Tepes fio a AS.
: ; j

72.97 = 4.34 1100 5 = L712. Above: Tee VeLoe ty
| ne ef - | aS sy

i: boy i



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATLON SHEET

CLIENT APA Fy/Ptee Ae eT

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION J. 274 D/S¢CHARSE_

pate 29 Why /97S RUN NO. 7FHEEE HOW COLLECTED

GRAB BAG

TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION /703-/756_ TIME OF ANALYSIS jo Avy C757

CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS ‘ ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
& BY VOL.(DRY)| #2 #2 AB #4
002 [o/ 0.0! O/ | |
con +0) | 2,729.7? 3,8
Coz + 02 + CO | 29,7? 26.7 ZOOL
i ' !
'
:
T : T
! : i i
COMPONENT , : RATIO \wr. woue|
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 | #3 te AVG. | MOLE wr\_ (DRY)
Hy T T i i" 1
Coz ‘al 0.0 i Oi) 1067 : 44/100 1,624 |
02 2o16 : 20,7! 20.5" 120.4 | s2/io0 es52!
; |
co 20 ! 00 | 0 10-0 i 28/100; 9 !
| rt
a i ! 1
i i H if H 7
i 1 ! H ! ‘
: | ! :
| i
| ' T ' : :
No (100-Above) 119 + 3! 79.3 2i-4¢ ‘79.333 28/100 22-219
i 1
AVG. MOLECULAR 128.83

WT. DRY STACK GAS

at


b) 9, Excess a:-

E. 38258 fain, — 153 lowd/y x CISA / 1b, cyoe a x IAP {hom
a=

76.3 .%x% 69
(oe)

\

2 /FF3 «/o0 + 499379, ZA,

Notes (20% Coz —/% Cog
X

xsoo2z 4900 2 BA,
122 LOz ) ? °

® Evergy balance
a) Heat re leased by wood +

74o0 [34u Jo. 3 16 / Bet
7e. * irr ON RO, 620

x
BY

by Hear fost in exhaus#

382 See min, x 0,24 Bta/y ef, (20 3°F —70°F) (ors lb/ser \
160 mL/hr x 5 9,970 Bta/ he,

CC) Heat fost padil trating ar?
Assume vad, Idra bon rate x 782 5¢FY min,

DF outsicle term jo. IN $j OR temp Cas
was +he case uring testi 79)

heat Jost sa werm ing Incoming ane O 134K
Ar.

32


Lgl

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON

SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (Pg) “i £1 "Hg

CLIENT (Le Foo ee
PORT LOCATION Hee: rcrfeee rt +E) TRAVERSE SAMPLING DATA SHEET LEAK RATE _. 2.7 CFM @__ 2 S ia
DATE S207) AMBIENT CONDITIONS, Clee IMPORTANT: FILL IN ALL BLANKS PORT PRESSURE (Ps)2 "29 = Hg
OPERATOR/S . AAG Ge WD £ See wns sane 1e% Dine Poy Pat Psa! Deg oo
RUN NO. 23 . ve ASSUMED MOISTURE” MAX Vi “HO
LA0D AHO 6S et - 2
SAMPLE & } METER BOX NUMBERS CGE A(R oS C7OIF 22 C FACTOR _J.O5
METER pox an 4 5 7 2 - . REF. A POS ihe. wnt
7 : ey tl . COTMULEET Of AZaTSi ago’
FILTER NO. 73-3 @ TARE_2u 7, 5 mg hot? 3/-Se@ Fe. 0g STACK DIMENSIONSC 37% ARER A279 F2
CLEAN-UP NO. > BLANKS & _ PROBE NOZZLE DIA. 2 IN; AN 2-92 36. F2
’
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING ____ 8 SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT PROBE LENGTH. _nmpeR_¥@ sive _-2
[INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: “RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL __AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK DRY GAS METER DRY GAS, TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER} POINT PITOT VH ORI ACE pil PUMP STACK | OPACITY
TIME CF) TEMP. | TEMP. H20 VACUUM TEMP. OR
(24 ws) (CUBIC FEET) (°F) (°F) DESIRED | ACTUAL ("ig 6 GA)} (°F) x02

Me TES

47-4,

oY

7
q T
aa
~ ie ler
_ isan fos
. 40 dors
qo 1O8
oa oa
: 40% 1%
a 190 Se FO
TOTAL . 2 PAZ )
.? 22.473 | 2060 |/736 12. We"H20| FIZ
AVERAGE ran ZA Bo “F ~54G°R 648 "H20 =, 9.5 "Hoy ~j) 22]
[pm = Ps +AH 729. 86 Ha SOIR



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

DATE OF ANALYSIS “- O- 3s _

a ne Ee

CLIENT 4A 2.

2

EVALUATION LOCATION 4/2 ~~ 7 2 vee ey oo = RUN NO. /3
EVALUATION DATE @—§ - D.s~ CLEAN-UP SET NO.  VS&- 5
I. EVAPORATION OF 7 7 (ml) OF AcE SWE
RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.
FINAL So/4G-7_(mg) - TARE 9 3/3 &.9 (mg)
“BLANK (00.5 7 mg/ml) (_/”77 ml) =_- 7 _ mg) = 7.7/7 ng.
II. FILTER CATCH YS4 /os BY # (Media Type & #)
FINAL 37 ¢. 2 (mg) - TARE _ 362, 9 (na) = 75.3 mg.
BACK 4 E543 (109) 4B. / (m .
III. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON” = 2 2 gz.
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL 76S 73,4 (mg) - TARE 76S 74° (mg)
-BLANK (___/ & mg) =_c.5 mg.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF 2/5 _ (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL 77295S.2 (mg) - TARE 778295 (mg)
-BLANK ((.202 9 mg/ml) ( 2/s— ml initial
- 9. = ml CONDENSED = 2ys7g~ml) = -G mg) = _/S mg.
V. PARTICULATE FROM/20O (ml) OF CE 7owé RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL 773922 (mg) - TARE P7398 2.9 (mg)
-BLANK (200 57 mg/ml) (_/2O ml) = .7_ mg) = S.z mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + IIIT +IV+V = 4S mg.
planks fou M5 /
— FINAL mg.
ACETONE = mg/ ml = mg/ml TARE mg.
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg ~ TARE mg)
WATER = ng/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg.
TARE mg.

VFT/AP9 A

132


were made during each sampling point time interval. The method by which the
velocity could have been corrected for a particular run is as follows:

The average square root of all reference pitot readings ratioed over the
square root of each particular reference reading yielded the pitot correction
coefficient for each point on the stack traverse. Each traverse pitot reading
was corrected by calculating the product of the pitot correction coefficient
times the traverse pitot reading. The ratio of the average of all corrected
traverse pitot readings over the average of all traverse pitot readings
yielded the stack velocity correction coefficient, The velocity calculated
from the actual data can then be corrected by this coefficient. (See three
examples in the Appendix).

INTEGRATED GRAB BAG GAS SAMPLING

An integrated sample of stack gas was taken for each run during the evaluation
according to the following method. A probe was inserted into the stack. In
line with the probe was a drying tube which contained glass wool and silica
gel to remove particulate and misture. This assembly was connected to a
sampling pump inlet. All connections were checked for leaks and the sampling
line was purged. An evacuated flexible aluminized scotchpak (polyvinyl
chloride) bag was then connected to the pump outlet and an integrated sample
was taken at a rate proportional to the stack flow rate.

PARTICLE SIZING

Particle sizing was accomplished using a cascade impactor as set up in the
sampling train’ shown in Figure 5.

The Brinks Cascade Impactor consisted of five stages,.each of which
contained a collection cup and a nozzle jet. Particles suspended in the
sample gas passed through the jet and were impacted on the disk. The
amount of particles collected on each disk was a function of the gas
velocity through the jet, the particle characteristics, and the amount
of sample drawn.

The sampling train is set up as in the drawing. The nozzle tip diameter
was essentially the only means of providing for isokinetic sampling.

A 0.125 in diameter nozzle was utilized in sampling. The sample flow rate
was fixed by the pressure drop across the impactor (pressure drop is
determined by the 3rd impactor stage, and its requirements for maximum
collection). With the normally small flow rates, a 0.125 inch nozzle tip
was necessary to prevent under isokinetic sampling (unrepresentative large
particle capture).

The sample train was leak tested under 24 inch mercury vacuum. A leak test
of 0.02 cubic feet per minute was obtained. The probe and the sample box
were heated to 250°F. The sample probe was inserted in the process stream
and gas flow through the impactor was started and held near constant until
the end of the test. The vacuum was held constant at 5.0 inches of mercury.
Sampling time was 20, 30 and 30 minutes on runs 5, 17 and 24 respectively.

16


/
£6~;

OF.

ZL

cate. Z 2 Sly 19 75-

PAGE.

=
APPROVED.
Xv.

/ COMPUTER PRINT-OUTOF ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION DA)

S

PREPARED ay WAUVSO A

SUBJECT.

CONSULTING ENGINEERS

VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
JOB NAME

° ° East ° « 58 = = —
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a4 ww wo . . .
. io . oO o 4 oO
te ws ow
aay


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

CLIENT LF4 SUREPLACE 27-5"

SAMPLING POINT LOCATION C Miva ér Ooze“
DATE _& CUZEx RUN NO.“ 2-Coge HOW COLLECTED WWresee7zeo sv AG

oA
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME OF ANALYSIS E71) “Ss
CUMULATIVE . |ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
%.BY VOL.(DRY)| _#1 #2 #3 #4
C02 0.3 0.2 Aage
C02 + 02 20.9 | 20.6 | 20,8

602 +Q2 +00 | 20.7 | 20.9 | 20.7

COMPONENT RATIO \wr. /MOLE
Z BY VOL.(DRY)| #2 #2 #3 6 AVG. | MOLE Wr\ (DRY)
C02 0. 3 QO2 OZ O. Z |} 44/100 | .08
02 20.7 20.6 | 20.6 20.6 | 33/100 16 592
co i) 2 o./ OQ | 2asio0 | 0
Np _(100-Above)| /7-/ 79.2 | 79.) 79. /| 28/100 [22-8
AVG. MOLECULAR [2223

WI. DRY STACK GAS

VEE/AP4B
129


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
ORSAT DATA AND CALCULATION SHEET

73-s—

cLienT FPA F/REPLACE
SAMPLING POINT LOCATION EXTE Vs/oW OV STACE
DATE AUG 4, L975 RUN NO. 8 HOW COLLECTED ZWyegearep GRAG BAG
TIME OF SAMPLE COLLECTION (£22 — 7629 TIME OF ANALYSIS AUG S$,
CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS | ANALYSIS
% BY VOL.(DRY)| #1 #2 #3 th
C09 0.4 as |aF¢
C02 + 02 20,8 29.8 20.8
co2 + Q2 + CO | 20, 20,93 20.2
COMPONENT RATIO \WT. /MOLE
Z_BY VOL.(DRy)| #1 #2 #3 #4 AVG. | MOLE wWT\ (DRY
cog 0,4 Ors. o¢ Or 433] 44/100 | 17)
02 2O.Y 20,2 Zo-¢ 20, 3¢7| 32/100 | 6,37
co 0:0 0.0 0.9 9+ | 28/100
No (100-Above)| 74-2 | 79-2 | 79-2 7F-2.] 28/100 _|22,:24

AVG. MOLECULAR [2% .38

WT. DRY STACK GAS

VFT/AP4B

113



VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

cLient OPA £26 Dep cer RUN No. _&
LOCATION _G0TSi pe Sxreazeal w4 4-5 -5
OPERATOR _ Sey Anvsg a/ DATE OGMee-7 *

SAMPLE BOX Bo &

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

_ FINAL INITIAL | NET

20 CONDENSED, ml (1 mi = 1 gm) ~
BUBBLER (i1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 429.1 | F259 | 3.2
IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER) 445.5 | F?, Sl 2.6
BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

gacig | 334.4 | 1 /
H50 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml
2 , 670.6 Lo oS 4,2

TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml V1.2

VOL. OF H,O VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =

0.0474 x TOTAL H20 ~53c2?

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL. Hj0 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WI. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VET He? 3C


SPORTS 26 $3.9" APART
(A-E LEFT TO RIGHT

N SS — sett
“—t
—]
ox!
-—t}

AVERAGE =-FIREPLACE... SAMPLING PORT LOCATIONS

EPA FIREPLACE

Ed 133 10W EVALUATION

FIGURE 1 _ ORAM: Preps red by:
- PoE HE VALEUTIN BISHER ¢ TOMLINSON

Consulting Engineers |
570 LLOYD. BUILDING
SEMTTLE WASHINGTON |ZO-/



VALENTINE, FISHER & LGMLINSON
STACK MOISTURE CONTENT DATA AND CALCULATIONS

CLIENT UF PA F7per ace

RUN NO. 2B

LOCATION AVS 2466. -VéELL AGE

NO. G6-4

OPERALOR Sec wwcgemw /Aler ALO

SAMPLE BOX LED

Hu CONDENSED, ml (1 ml = 1 gm)
BUBBLER (#1 W/APPROX. 100 ml WATER)

IMPINGER (#2 W/APPROX, 100 ml WATER)

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

H20 ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml
TOTAL H,0 COLLECTED, ml

VOL. OF H,0 VAPOR @ 70°F. AND 1 ATM. =
0.0474 x TOTAL H20

MOISTURE IN STACK GAS, %
MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI, OF STACK GAS

pate 7/29 /75_

CONTAINER WEIGHTS (gm)

FINAL : INITIAL NET _
Az.9 | 4352) 23,3

748.9) F43-T) OT.
26¢-8| 364.3 | As
665.2 | 6643 | As

27.

% MOISTURE IN STACK GAS = 100 x VOL, H20 VAPOR
VOL. DRY GAS + VOL. WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-4 MOISTURE IN STACK GAS

100

MOLECULAR WT. OF STACK GAS = AVG. DRY MOL. WT. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTION +
18 X (1-MOLE FRACTION)

VFTLAP 3C

32


APPENDIX G
Particle Sizing
Particle sizing was performed by a Brinks Cascade Impactor. The samples were
collected and determined by the methods found in the Procedure section, Page 15.

This appendix contains Particle Sizing Calculations, Secondary Data and Size
Distribution Graphs. Field Data and Moisture Determination is found in Appendix L.

CASCADE IMPACTOR CALCULATIONS

y= (8465.41) (VOLg) (Pq) / (Tq) (TIME) + (22.6417) (VOL,) / (TIME)
as (234.0) (ft?) / CP) (2)

b= (2.05 x 108) (4) (2) / (f) Wo) (@o)

Der fa tb - fa

Vo = Gas flow at inlet to impactor at 25° C. and 14.7 psia,
cc per second.

voL= Dry gas meter volume at meter temperature and pressure, dry acf
Ph? Dry gas meter pressure, "Hg
Ta? Dry gas meter temperature, °R
TIME= Sampling time, minutes
VOL, = Volume of water collected, ml
Ke Viscosity of gas in impactor, gm / (cm) (sec)
P = Density of gas in impactor, gm per cc
Po = Average pressure in impactor, atm.
pTM Density of aerosal particle, gm per cc
Po = Pressure at inlet’ to impactor, atm.
DacTM Characteristic diameter of aerosol particle for impactor
stage, microns
Do Diameter of impactor jet, cm.

37


VALENTINE, VISHEX & Tur INSON vc.

STACK MOISTURE CUNTENT DATA AND © \LCULATLONS 7 >
-

CLiENT LL LUE ACE RUN NO, a ©

LOUATION Nie het LVR ELD LCL. NO. 8 BS) ‘

OPERATOR AiGielen SAM SO DATE BLigl s

SAMPLE BOX B/we

| CONTAINER WEIGHTS (yin)
i

FINAL INITIAL ; NET

W90 CONDENSED, wi (CL mt = 1 yu)
BUBBLER (#i W/APPRUX, 100 ml WATER)

446 | 3-40.01 5.6
444.4 43.4 | 1 5
1

IMPINGER Gi. W/APPROX, 190 mi WATER)

BUBBLER (#3 DRY)

: |
1226.9 | 326.8 1 oy
r i
HU ABSORBED BY SILICA GEL, ml ioe _
: S725 572.9, AL
TULAL 0 COLLECTED, ml
11.8
Voie OF HO Var R @ 70°F. AND 1 AIM. =
0.0474 x TOTAL yu
<os”7

MUISTURE IN SiACK GAS, %

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS

MOLECULAR WI. OF STACK GAS

% MDISTURE IN STACK GAS # 100 x VOi. My
vol.. DRY GAS +

WET GAS

MOLE FRACTION OF DRY GAS = 100-4 MGISTURE IN STACK GAS
100

MULECULAR WT. ©: SiACK uAS = AVG. DRY te Wr. OF GAS X MOLE FRACTIGN +
1B X «i-MOLe SKACI LON)

¥. T/AP3C
157


VALENTINE, FISHER & TOMLINSON
LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND TOTAL PARTICULATE SHEET

CLIENT 4 PA LE PLACE DATE OF ANALYSIS _§ =>? -7o—
EVALUATION LOCATION AVE RASE Hyer SLACE RUN NO. Af
EVALUATION DATE 8-42-75 CLEAN-UP SET NO. 27Ee-5
I. EVAPORATION OF _ JooG (ml) OF Ace 7eoW es

RINSE & BRUSHING OF NOZZLE, PROBE AND GLASSWARE BEFORE
FILTER.

FINAL 29 7/90 (mg) - TARE 78 7/ 3,/ (mg)
“BLANK (0, 005 7mg/ml) (/O6 ml) =O. mg)

II. FILTER CATCH 446.49 //o, BY # (Media Type & #)

Ss. 3 ng.

FINAL 325 2 (mg) - TARE 370. 57 (mg) = A®& mg.
IIL. HYDROCARBON OBTAINED BY ETHER-CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION ON
WATER IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS.
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
~BLANK ( mg) = _— song.
IV. PARTICULATE FROM EVAPORATION OF (ml) WATER
IN IMPINGER AND BUBBLERS FOLLOWING EXTRACTION -
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
~BLANK (( mg/ml) ( ml initial
- ml CONDENSED = ml) = m) = mg.
V. PARTICULATE FROM (ml) OF RINSE OF IMPINGER,
BUBBLERS, AND CONNECTORS AFTER FILTER:
FINAL (mg) - TARE (mg)
-BLANK (( mg/ml) ( ml) = mg) = mg.
VI. TOTAL PARTICULATE = I+ II + II1+Iv+v
BLANKS.
ACETONE = _- 8 mg/ 740 m= 1005) mg/m
ETHER-CHLOROFORM = mg .(FINAL mg - TARE ng)
WATER = mg/ ml = mg/ml. FINAL mg

VFT/AP9 A


66

1% Pac tok.

curent APA Ae Peri E

VALENTINE FISHER & TOMLINSON
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

we, ee
port ocaTion Avice Kye sece ai fou cewcen MES EEE cpap. ING DATA SHEET

OATE _7Z
OPERATOR/S
RUN NO.

s

Peel

SOM, <2

Size Acree

aL?

SAMPLE & METER BOX wvosns Oeics 7

METER BOX 4H

FILTER No.£3> 5%

6

a
d i= ._

ng Buf 3c

CLEAN-UP NOZ:2-S 5 BLANKS. __&
BOX & PROBE HEATER SETTING 200 & (0 _

IMPORTANT,

CHeT

Weod {o

FILL IN ALL BLANKS.

Me 10S

ToT sHer ar 7:30
4ry7 c73s

S76P DE Re wHK &

SCHEMATIC OF TRAVERSE POINT LAYOUT

67-5

BAROETRIC PRESSURE (P_)2< 7. P/ "ig
AMBIENT COMDITHONS CUCYDY” Zen
PORT PRESSURE (Pg)__¢>_ “HzO =__¢"_*Hg
Psy * P+ Ps
ASSUMED vorsrune_—_[/>—_. 5
craton — Vor Lite

REF. A P__—

STACK DIMENSIONSE 74 4; AREAL, / 7¢?_ F2
PROBE NOZZLE DIA.. IN; Ay 22202852. p2
prope LENGTH _FT,__

INSTANTANEOUS READINGS: RECORDED @ BEGINNING OF TIME INTERVAL [AVERAGE VALUES READ WITHIN THE TIME INTERVAL
CLOCK ELAP. | ORY GAS METER DRY fa TEMP. BOX |IMPINGER| POINT | PITOT WH | ORIFICE of" PUMP stack. | OPACITY
TIME TIME TEM. | TEMP. ("20 vacuums | TEMP. oR
(24 HRS) | (MIN) (custc Feet) { met | ouTLeT io (°F) (7420) | pestrep | actuat | ("hg Gad] (°F) coz
Bye | ec | er77gae |e | 2 log 2 1s test eet 7%
J3372 2 G7?. ed 74 22 : 436. ExA fia A cf ¥ _ ’ o a 165°
3.44. ].. 22 x 23s =~
wren ae & ae ae OE eo rey eet
ERY: =a (occ Sr ks sd a) AE 04 [se art
4 |_ ve =? 74 T2 [ass : wire f
Res} —_ aa Pe oe of {_ S-O | 21<
2h 7% 3S at .eqf So [ ae
7 | = OQ] = ZO aco |
Th 236 HF LE McPid BO
25 aay wey] srol 187
29 | 269° ~__f ee
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CASCADE IMPACTOR RESULTS
Client: EPA FIREPLACE

Sampling Location: 4AyeRAGeE FIREPCACE

Date: July 30, /97S—

Run No: 5

Dp (=Dpc), Particulate Weight % Cumulative %
ITEM microns collected, mg collected less than Dp
Cyclone 2. FO.0
Stage #1 47S Ss os 8.2 57.8
Stage #2 2.806 OF 6.7 4S. /
Stage #3 1.9/5 0.3 5.0 0. /
Stage #4 1.009 3. / 4.7 PEF
Stage #5 O. 696 OF 6.7 3/7

19 3/.7

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