Division of Science Resources Studies

Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences

National Science Foundation

October 1999

U.S. Corporate R&D

Volume II: 

Company Information on

Top 500 Firms in R&D

Topical Report
U.S. Corporate R&D

Division of Science Resources Studies

Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences

National Science Foundation

October 1999

Volume II:

Company Information on

Top 500 Firms in R&D

Topical Report

Carl Shepherd and Steven Payson, Authors
ii

National Science Foundation

Rita R. Colwell

Director

Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences

Bennett I. Bertenthal

Director

Division of Science Resources Studies

Mary J. Frase

Acting Division Director

Research and Development Statistics Program

John E. Jankowski

Program Director

DIVISION OF SCIENCE RESOURCES STUDIES

The Division of Science Resources Studies (SRS) fulfills the legislative mandate of the National Science

Foundation Act to ...

provide a central clearinghouse for the collection, interpretation, and analysis of data on scientific and

engineering resources and to provide a source of information for policy formulation by other agencies of the

Federal Government...

To carry out this mandate, SRS designs, supports, and directs periodic surveys as well as a variety of other data

collections and research projects. These surveys yield the materials for SRS staff to compile, analyze, and disseminate

quantitative information about domestic and international resources devoted to science, engineering, and technology.

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Suggested Citation

National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Studies, U.S. Corporate R&D: Volume II. Company

Information on Top 500 Firms in R&D, NSF 00-302, Authors, Carl Shepherd and Steven Payson, National

Science Foundation (Arlington, VA 1999).

October 1999

SRS data are available through the World Wide Web (http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/stats.htm).

For more information about obtaining reports, contact pubs@nsf.gov or call (301) 947-2722.

For NSFs Telephonic Device for the Deaf, dial (703) 306-0090.
iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This report was written by Carl Shepherd and Steven

Payson. Carl Shepherd is a Technology Policy Analyst

for the Office of Technology Policy (OTP), Technology

Administration (TA), U.S. Department of Commerce

(DOC). Steven Payson is a Senior Science Resources

Analyst for the Research and Development Statistics

(RDS) Program, Division of Science Resources Studies

(SRS), National Science Foundation (NSF).

SRS staff members providing review of the report

included Mary Frase, Acting Division Director; Ron

Fecso, Chief Mathematical Statistician; Larry Rausch,

Chair of the SRS Peer Review Group; and Melissa Pollak

and Raymond Wolfe, who are Senior Analysts. The text

was edited by Anne Houghton, Publications Manager

with assistance from Julia Harriston and Tanya Gore.

A special thanks is expressed to Laurie Leonard and

Jerrilyn Heller of EDO Technology Services and

Analysis, who thoroughly reviewed the content of the

report, and provided composition services. A special

thanks is also given to Howard Bernheim, of Standard

and Poors, for his guidance and support in the authors

use of the Compustat database. Appreciation is further

expressed to Standard and Poors, and its parent company,

The McGraw-Hill Companies, for allowing the authors

to use and disseminate Compustat data for the top 500

U.S. companies in R&D.
iv
v

CONTENTS

Section Page

COMPANY INFORMATION ON TOP 500 FIRMS IN R&D.............................. 1

TOP 20 R&D SPENDING COMPANIES ............................................................. 1

DATA TABLES................................................................................................ 1

Table 1. Top 20 1997 R&D spending corporations ......................................................................... 3

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997.................................... 4

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector ........................................................ 36

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector

and firm: R&D, employment, and sales .................................................................................... 50

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital

expenditure ................................................................................................................................ 74
1

This volume of U.S. Corporate R&D, prepared by

the National Science Foundation, details the research and

development (R&D) expenditures and other financial

characteristics of each of the top 500 firms in R&D in

1996 and 1997. This information is available because

the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires

public corporations to provide such information in

detailed financial reports. The preceding volume of this

report (Volume 1: Top 500 Firms in R&D by Industry

Category) details aggregate data of the U.S. Corporate

R&D data series for 1996 and 1997, discusses the nature

of the data series, and compares it to the long-established

SRS data series on U.S. industry R&D.

TOP 20 R&D SPENDING COMPANIES

As table 1 indicates, the top 20 R&D spending firms

of 1997 are generally the same as those that topped the

list in 1996, albeit with most rankings changed. The 1997

R&D increases for Lucent Technologies (discussed

previously) and the Boeing Company are largely due to

reasons other than ordinary growth. If the McDonnellDouglas Corporations $355 million in 1996 R&D

spending is added to Boeings 1996 spending, the actual

increase for this combined company is 23.7 percent.

DATA TABLES

Tables 2, 3, and 4 present data on each of the top

1997 500 R&D-spending corporations. Table 2 lists each

firm by alphabetical order, indicates its rank within the

500, and provides information on its major and detailed

industry status. Table 3 categorizes the 1997 top corporations by major and detailed industrial sectors with

aggregate 1996 and 1997 totals for R&D spending and

employees. Tables 4 and 5 also categorize the corporations by sector, and provide aggregate R&D, sales,

employee, and capital expenditure data derived from both

the top 1997 and top 1996s 500 R&D-spending

corporations.

It is important to note that the 1996 aggregations in

appendix table 2 are not the same as those of tables 4

and 5. Whereas the 1996 aggregates of table 3 reflect the

activity of the top 1997 corporations in 1996, 1996

aggregates in tables 4 and 5 represent the activity of the

top 1996 corporations. All 1996 aggregates used in this

report are the same as those in tables 4 and 5 and,

accordingly, reflect the activity of top 500 1996 R&D

spenders of that year. While approximately 90 percent

of the top 1996 and 1997 corporations are the same, 51

firms from 1996 did not continue on into the 1997 ranking

for a variety of reasons including inadequate R&D

spending or because they were acquired or merged with

another firm. For example, in 1997 the Boeing Company

bought out the McDonnell-Douglas Corporation, which

was included in the top 500 corporations of 1996, and

had been the fourth highest R&D spender in the aircraft,

guided missiles, and space vehicles sector.

In order to derive the most meaningful multi-year

aggregate data from Compustat, it is necessary to count

the prior year activity of firms that may no longer exist.

This is because Compustat data offer a snapshot of any

given year. Compustat does not alter the data of individual

companies from earlier years to reflect mergers, spinoffs, and other changes that affect the company in later

years. For example, if only data from the top 1997 R&D

spending firms are used to reflect aggregate R&D

spending for the aircraft, guided missiles, and space

vehicles sector in both 1996 and 1997, there would seem

to be a very large jump in R&D spending from $3.8 to

$4.7 billion. However, if top 1996 R&D spending firm

data are used instead to generate a 1996 R&D aggregate,

which includes McDonnell-Douglas R&D, the sectors

spending rises somewhat more moderately from a 1996

total of $4.2 billion.

This rather technical consideration underscores the

important issue that technology corporations are experiencing not only rapid growth in technology spending,

but operate in a climate of intensifying competitive

pressure and structural change. Mergers, acquisitions, and

various forms of corporate alliances are occurring more

often not only within sectors, but between firms in

different sectors as the scope and character of technology

markets change ever more rapidly.

COMPANY INFORMATION ON TOP 500 FIRMS IN R&D
3

1997 1996

R&D R&D 1996 1997 Percent

rank rank Corporation R&D R&D change Major sector Detailed sector

1 1 GENERAL MOTORS CORP 8.900 8.200 -7.9 Motor vehicles & surface 

 transportation

Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 equipment

2 2 FORD MOTOR CO 6.821 6.327 -7.2 Motor vehicles & surface 

 transportation

Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 equipment

3 3 INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 3.934 4.307 9.5 Information & electronics Electronic computers and computer 

 terminals

4 7 LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC 1.838 3.100 68.7 Information & electronics Modems & other wired telephone 

 equip.

5 4 HEWLETT-PACKARD CO 2.718 3.078 13.2 Information & electronics Electronic computers and computer 

 terminals

6 5 MOTOROLA INC 2.394 2.748 14.8 Information & electronics Radio, TV, cell phone, and satellite 

 comm. equip.

7 8 INTEL CORP 1.808 2.347 29.8 Information & electronics Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.)

8 6 JOHNSON & JOHNSON 1.905 2.140 12.3 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

9 9 PFIZER INC 1.684 1.928 14.5 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

10 12 MICROSOFT CORP 1.432 1.925 34.4 Information & electronics Prepackaged software

11 19 BOEING CO 1.200 1.924 60.3 Aircraft, guided missiles & 

 space vehicles

Aircraft, guided missiles & space 

 vehicles

12 10 CHRYSLER CORP 1.600 1.700 6.3 Aircraft, guided missiles & 

 space vehicles

Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 equipment

13 11 MERCK & CO 1.487 1.684 13.2 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

14 13 AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS

 CORP 1.429 1.558 9.0 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

15 14 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 1.421 1.480 4.2 Machinery & electrical 

 equipment

Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 household)

16 15 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB 1.276 1.385 8.5 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

17 20 LILLY (ELI) & CO 1.189 1.382 16.2 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

18 18 ABBOTT LABORATORIES 1.205 1.302 8.1 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

19 17 PROCTER & GAMBLE CO 1.221 1.282 5.0 Chemicals Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints,

 fertiliz. explos, etc.)

20 16 PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC 1.266 1.217 -3.9 Medical substances & devices Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations

SOURCE: Standard & Poor's Compustat, Englewood, CO

Table 1. Top 20 1997 R&D spending corporations

[Billions of dollars]
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

3COM CORP..............................................41 581,613 Information & electronics 16 217 1.27 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

ABBOTT LABORATORIES............................... 18 1,302,403 Medical substances & devices 7 83 6.56 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ACCLAIM ENMNT INC................................... 384 30,824 Information & electronics 163 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ACTEL CORP.............................................442 26,465 Information & electronics 189 217 0.06 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

ACTIVISION INC......................................... 417 28,393 Information & electronics 180 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ACUSON CORP..........................................241 57,286 Medical substances & devices 34 83 0.29 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

ADAPTEC INC........................................... 109 172,522 Information & electronics 49 217 0.38 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

ADC TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC................ 139 122,638 Information & electronics 67 217 0.27 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment

ADOBE SYSTEMS INC.................................. 105 176,831 Information & electronics 46 217 0.39 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ADTRAN INC.............................................392 30,055 Information & electronics 166 217 0.07 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

ADVANCED FIBRE COMM INC...................... 450 25,726 Information & electronics 197 217 0.06 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES.......................51 467,877 Information & electronics 20 217 1.02 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

AEROQUIP-VICKERS INC..............................202 72,161 Basic industries & materials 29 66 0.86 8,355,329 Fabricated metal products, except 

 machinery & transp. eq. 

AFFYMETRIX INC.......................................419 28,168 Medical substances & devices 65 83 0.14 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

AGCO CORP.................................................... 254 54,100 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 22 51 0.77 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

AGOURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC............. 156 108,137 Medical substances & devices 22 83 0.54 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS INC.............................. 150 113,700 Chemicals 11 43 1.67 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

ALBANY INTL CORP -CL A..............................500 23,070 Basic industries & materials 66 66 0.28 8,355,329 Textile & apparel products 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

4
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

ALBEMARLE CORP.............................................. 379 31,446 Chemicals 32 43 0.46 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC.......................... 229 60,300 Basic industries & materials 37 66 0.72 8,355,329 Ferrous metal products 

ALLEN TELECOM INC....................................447 26,137 Information & electronics 194 217 0.06 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite 

 communication eq. 

ALLERGAN INC........................................... 132 131,200 Medical substances & devices 20 83 0.66 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ALLIANCE PHARMACEUTICAL CP..................311 43,278 Medical substances & devices 48 83 0.22 19,849,094 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic 

 substances 

ALLIEDSIGNAL INC....................................62 349,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles & space 

 space vehicles 4 8 7.47 4,672,800 vehicles 

ALPHA BETA TECHNOLOGY INC................. 433 27,392 Medical substances & devices 68 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ALPHARMA INC -CL A.................................. 373 32,068 Medical substances & devices 56 83 0.16 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ALTEON INC................................................497 23,264 Medical substances & devices 83 83 0.12 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ALTERA CORP.............................................252 54,417 Information & electronics 113 217 0.12 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

ALUMINUM CO OF AMERICA....................... 128 143,200 Basic industries & materials 20 66 1.71 8,355,329 Nonferrous metal products 

ALZA CORP................................................. 385 30,600 Medical substances & devices 59 83 0.15 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

AMERICA ONLINE INC.................................237 58,208 Information & electronics 109 217 0.13 45,823,950 Multiple & miscellaneous computer & 

AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS data processing services 

 CORP............................................ 14 1,558,035 Medical substances & devices 4 83 7.85 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

AMERN STANDARD CO INC............................ 152 112,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 14 51 1.59 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

AMGEN INC................................................. 40 630,800 Medical substances & devices 11 83 3.18 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

AMOCO CORP.............................................119 151,000 Basic industries & materials 17 66 1.81 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind.

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

5
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

AMP INC..................................................... 64 319,600 Information & electronics 28 217 0.70 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC............................................... 189 82,281 Medical substances & devices 26 83 0.41 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ANALOG DEVICES......................................93 196,148 Information & electronics 41 217 0.43 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

ANALOGIC CORP.......................................348 37,063 Information & electronics 149 217 0.08 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

ANDREW CORP........................................... 324 41,076 Basic industries & materials 54 66 0.49 8,355,329 Nonferrous metal products 

APPLE COMPUTER INC............................... 48 485,000 Information & electronics 17 217 1.06 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

APPLIED MAGNETICS CORP........................... 268 52,532 Information & electronics 115 217 0.11 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

APPLIED MATERIALS INC............................. 42 567,612 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 3 51 8.06 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

ARCO CHEMICAL CO.................................. 190 82,000 Chemicals 14 43 1.20 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

ARMSTRONG WORLD INDS INC........................ 288 47,800 Basic industries & materials 48 66 0.57 8,355,329 Rubber & misc. plastic prod. 

 (tires, plastic footwear, etc.) 

ARTESYN TECHNOLOGIES INC.....................395 30,032 Information & electronics 169 217 0.07 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

ARVIN INDUSTRIES INC..............................454 25,300 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 20 22 0.14 18,380,209 equipment 

ASCEND COMMUNICATIONS INC................................................ 117 155,986 Information & electronics 52 217 0.34 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

ASHLAND INC.............................................407 29,000 Basic industries & materials 62 66 0.35 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

6
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

ASPECT Modems & other wired telephone 

 TELECOMMUNICATIONS.......................... 302 45,723 Information & electronics 127 217 0.10 45,823,950 equipment 

ASPEN TECHNOLOGY INC.......................... 381 31,153 Information & electronics 162 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

AT&T CORP...............................................30 829,000 Information & electronics 11 217 1.81 45,823,950 Communications serv. (phone, 

 satellite, radio/TV, cable, etc.) 

ATL ULTRASOUND INC................................ 231 59,710 Medical substances & devices 32 83 0.30 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO...................................... 143 120,000 Basic industries & materials 21 66 1.44 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

ATMEL CORP............................................... 137 122,896 Information & electronics 65 217 0.27 45,823,950 Electronic components

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

AUSPEX SYSTEMS INC................................ 376 31,803 Information & electronics 160 217 0.07 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

AUTODESK INC........................................... 140 122,419 Information & electronics 68 217 0.27 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING........................................... 68 296,544 Information & electronics 30 217 0.65 45,823,950 Multiple & miscellaneous computer 

 & data processing services 

AVANT CORP................................................. 401 29,559 Information & electronics 171 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

AVERY DENNISON CORP...........................226 61,100 Basic industries & materials 36 66 0.73 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

AVID TECHNOLOGY INC..............................198 74,363 Information & electronics 96 217 0.16 45,823,950 Ophthalmic goods, photogrph. 

 equp. & clocks 

AVIRON.................................................... 475 24,254 Medical substances & devices 79 83 0.12 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

AVON PRODUCTS.......................................397 29,900 Chemicals 34 43 0.44 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

AXYS PHARMACEUTICALS INC......................... 383 31,050 Medical substances & devices 58 83 0.16 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

BAAN COMPANY NV..................................... 177 90,849 Information & electronics 86 217 0.20 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

7
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

BAKER-HUGHES INC...............................232 59,500 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 20 51 0.85 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

BARD (C.R.) INC......................................... 185 85,800 Medical substances & devices 25 83 0.43 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

Multiple & miscellaneous computer

BARRA INC..............................................409 28,914 Information & electronics 177 217 0.06 45,823,950 & data processing services 

Ophthalmic goods, photogrph.

BAUSCH & LOMB INC................................214 67,500 Information & electronics 100 217 0.15 45,823,950 equp. & clocks 

BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC....................... 59 392,000 Medical substances & devices 13 83 1.97 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

Computer networking 

BAY NETWORKS INC...................................... 71 269,800 Information & electronics 32 217 0.59 45,823,950 communications equip. 

BE AEROSPACE INC.................................304 45,685 Basic industries & materials 51 66 0.55 8,355,329 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 

BEA SYSTEMS INC.................................................... 314 43,008 Information & electronics 132 217 0.09 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

BECKMAN COULTER INC...........................136 123,600 Information & electronics 64 217 0.27 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments

BECTON DICKINSON & CO.......................... 101 180,626 Medical substances & devices 18 83 0.91 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

BELL & HOWELL COMPANY......................... 344 38,321 Information & electronics 146 217 0.08 45,823,950 Calculating/accounting mach. & 

 office machines, nec 

BERG ELECTRONICS CORP.......................... 416 28,400 Information & electronics 179 217 0.06 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

BEST FOODS.............................................218 66,000 Basic industries & materials 34 66 0.79 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products 

BETZDEARBORN INC................................340 38,800 Chemicals 28 43 0.57 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints,

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

BIOGEN INC.......................................... 126 145,501 Medical substances & devices 19 83 0.73 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

BIO-RAD LABS -CL A................................... 296 46,138 Information & electronics 124 217 0.10 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

8
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

BLACK & DECKER CORP............................. 164 99,100 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 15 51 1.41 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

BMC SOFTWARE INC.................................. 171 94,923 Information & electronics 82 217 0.21 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

BOEING CO.............................................11 1,924,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles & space 

 space vehicles 1 8 41.17 4,672,800 vehicles 

BOOLE & BABBAGE INC................................ 448 25,881 Information & electronics 195 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

BORDEN INC...........................................462 24,900 Chemicals 40 43 0.37 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

BORG WARNER AUTO............................... 235 59,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 10 22 0.32 18,380,209 equipment 

BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP......................... 92 196,669 Medical substances & devices 17 83 0.99 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

BREED TECHNOLOGIES INC....................................... 353 36,121 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor 

 transportation equipment 18 22 0.20 18,380,209 vehicle equipment 

BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB............................16 1,385,000 Medical substances & devices 5 83 6.98 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES INC................................................. 421 28,062 Information & electronics 183 217 0.06 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone

 equipment 

BRODERBUND SOFTWARE INC.....................213 67,767 Information & electronics 99 217 0.15 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

BRUNSWICK CORP...................................182 89,400 Motor vehicles & other surface Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 transportation equipment 8 22 0.49 18,380,209 campers, military tanks, etc. 

BURR-BROWN CORP.................................. 364 33,951 Information & electronics 156 217 0.07 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

BUSH BOAKE ALLEN INC.................................... 488 23,640 Chemicals 43 43 0.35 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

CABLETRON SYSTEMS...............................99 181,777 Information & electronics 44 217 0.40 45,823,950 Computer networking communications 

 equip. 

CADENCE DESIGN SYS INC........................122 146,946 Information & electronics 54 217 0.32 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in Status in major sector

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

9
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

CALCOMP TECHNOLOGY INC.....................494 23,314 Information & electronics 215 217 0.05 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip. 

 (printers, scanners, etc.) 

CALLAWAY GOLF CO................................... 389 30,298 Basic industries & materials 61 66 0.36 8,355,329 Misc. products (leather, toys, 

 jewelry, musical inst.) 

CAMCO INTERNATIONAL INC........................366 33,160 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 38 51 0.47 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

CAMPBELL SOUP CO................................196 77,000 Basic industries & materials 28 66 0.92 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products 

CARTER-WALLACE INC..................................... 412 28,785 Chemicals 37 43 0.42 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

CASE CORP.............................................94 196,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 9 51 2.78 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

CATERPILLAR INC................................... 45 528,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 4 51 7.50 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

C-CUBE MICROSYSTEMS INC...................... 222 64,204 Information & electronics 105 217 0.14 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip. 

 (printers, scanners, etc.) 

CELL GENESYS INC.................................349 36,830 Medical substances & devices 51 83 0.19 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

CELL THERAPEUTICS INC............................ 434 27,285 Medical substances & devices 69 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

CELLNET DATA SYSTEMS INC.............................. 431 27,524 General services 4 5 13.25 207,689 Other (noncomputer) bus. serv

 (advertising, equip. rental, etc.) 

CENTOCOR INC..................................... 211 68,623 Medical substances & devices 30 83 0.35 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

CEPHALON INC.......................................274 51,587 Medical substances & devices 42 83 0.26 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

CERIDIAN CORP......................................206 70,200 Engineering, accounting, & 1 3 50.76 138,309 Engineering, accounting, & 

 research/testing services research/testing services 

CERNER CORP........................................352 36,151 Information & electronics 151 217 0.08 45,823,950 Computer integrated systems design 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

10
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

CHECKFREE HOLDINGS CORP......................108 172,869 Information & electronics 48 217 0.38 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

CHEVRON CORP........................................ 103 179,000 Basic industries & materials 12 66 2.14 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

CHIPS & TECHNOLOGIES INC....................... 486 23,665 Information & electronics 210 217 0.05 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

CHIRON CORP......................................... 69 296,455 Medical substances & 15 83 1.49 19,849,094 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic 

 devices substances 

CHRYSLER CORP......................................12 1,700,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 3 22 9.25 18,380,209 equipment 

CIENA CORP.............................................495 23,308 Information & electronics 216 217 0.05 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

CINCINNATI MILACRON INC......................... 280 50,100 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services,

 equipment 28 51 0.71 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

CIRRUS LOGIC INC..................................... 102 179,552 Information & electronics 45 217 0.39 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

CISCO SYSTEMS INC................................... 37 698,169 Information & electronics 15 217 1.52 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

CLOROX CO/DE............................................ 278 50,489 Chemicals 21 43 0.74 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

CMG INFORMATION SERVICES INC.................................................. 458 25,058 General services 5 5 12.07 207,689 Other (noncomputer) bus. serv 

COHERENT INC......................................... 284 48,721 Information & electronics 121 217 0.11 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO.......................... 111 169,400 Chemicals 9 43 2.48 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

COLTEC INDUSTRIES.................................292 46,548 Basic industries & materials 50 66 0.56 8,355,329 Rubber & misc. plastic prod.

 (tires, plastic footwear, etc.) 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector

11
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

COMPAQ COMPUTER CORP.......................32 817,000 Information & electronics 13 217 1.78 45,823,950 Electronic computers & 

 computer terminals 

COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTL INC.......................................... 61 369,000 Information & electronics 26 217 0.81 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

COMPUWARE CORP................................238 57,576 Information & electronics 110 217 0.13 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

COMVERSE TECHNOLOGY INC................... 341 38,659 Information & electronics 143 217 0.08 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

COOPER INDUSTRIES INC......................... 227 60,900 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial 

 equipment 19 51 0.87 7,038,500 & household) 

COR THERAPEUTICS INC...........................287 47,831 Medical substances & devices 44 83 0.24 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

CORNING INC...........................................74 250,700 Basic industries & materials 6 66 3.00 8,355,329 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete 

 products 

CRANE CO.............................................289 47,300 General services 2 5 22.77 207,689 Wholesale & retail trade 

CREATIVE BIOMOLECULES INC.................... 457 25,122 Medical substances & devices 74 83 0.13 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

CREDENCE SYSTEMS CORP........................310 43,372 Information & electronics 130 217 0.09 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

CROMPTON & KNOWLES CORP.................... 259 53,611 Chemicals 19 43 0.79 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

CROWN CORK & SEAL CO INC...................263 53,100 Basic industries & materials 45 66 0.64 8,355,329 Fabricated metal products, except 

 machinery & transp. eq. 

CUMMINS ENGINE.................................. 75 250,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 7 51 3.55 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

CYMER INC............................................... 459 24,971 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 45 51 0.35 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR Electronic components 

 CORP............................................. 173 93,842 Information & electronics 83 217 0.20 45,823,950 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

12
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC..........................308 44,700 Chemicals 22 43 0.66 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

CYTOGEN CORP.....................................474 24,258 Medical substances & devices 78 83 0.12 19,849,094 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic 

 substances 

CYTOTHERAPEUTICS INC.......................... 437 26,947 Medical substances & devices 71 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP............................................ 298 46,078 Information & electronics 126 217 0.10 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

DANA CORP.............................................96 193,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 6 22 1.05 18,380,209 equipment 

DANAHER CORP.................................... 242 57,008 Basic industries & materials 41 66 0.68 8,355,329 Fabricated metal products, 

 except machinery & transp. eq. 

DATA GENERAL CORP............................... 154 109,984 Information & electronics 75 217 0.24 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

DATASCOPE CORP..................................438 26,815 Medical substances & devices 72 83 0.14 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

DEERE & CO.............................................57 412,300 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 5 51 5.86 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

DEKALB GENETICS CORP -CL B........................................ 239 57,300 Basic industries & materials 39 66 0.69 8,355,329 Agr. services; forestry; fishing; 

 mining; construction 

DELL COMPUTER CORP............................ 127 145,000 Information & electronics 57 217 0.32 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

DEPUY INC.............................................415 28,419 Medical substances & devices 64 83 0.14 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

DETROIT DIESEL CORP..............................167 97,500 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 16 51 1.39 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

DEXTER CORP........................................... 255 54,021 Basic industries & materials 44 66 0.65 8,355,329 Textile & apparel products 

DIALOGIC CORP........................................ 275 51,530 Information & electronics 118 217 0.11 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

13
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

DIAMOND MULTIMEDIA SYS INC................................................. 463 24,886 Information & electronics 200 217 0.05 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip.

 (printers, scanners, etc.) 

DIEBOLD INC............................................305 45,184 Information & electronics 128 217 0.10 45,823,950 Calculating/accounting mach. & 

 office machines, nec 

DIGITAL EQUIPMENT.................................26 1,014,044 Information & electronics 10 217 2.21 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

DONNELLY CORP.....................................370 32,492 Basic industries & materials 58 66 0.39 8,355,329 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete 

 products 

DOVER CORP..........................................148 114,392 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 13 51 1.63 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

DOW CHEMICAL.......................................34 785,000 Chemicals 4 43 11.51 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

DOW JONES & CO INC..............................146 116,420 Basic industries & materials 23 66 1.39 8,355,329 Printing, publishing, & allied 

 industries 

DRESSER INDUSTRIES INC.............................. 143 120,000 Basic industries & materials 21 66 1.44 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

DSC COMMUNICATIONS CORP.............................................. 73 252,089 Information & electronics 34 217 0.55 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

DU PONT (E I) DE NEMOURS......................... 22 1,142,200 Chemicals 2 43 16.74 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO...........................98 191,000 Chemicals 7 43 2.80 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

EASTMAN KODAK CO...............................25 1,047,700 Information & electronics 9 217 2.29 45,823,950 Ophthalmic goods, photogrph. 

 equp. & clocks 

EATON CORP...........................................65 319,000 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment 6 51 4.53 7,038,500 household) 

ECHLIN INC.............................................271 51,844 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 15 22 0.28 18,380,209 equipment 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

14
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

ECOLAB INC.............................................387 30,420 Chemicals 33 43 0.45 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

EDWARDS JD & CO.......................................228 60,591 Information & electronics 108 217 0.13 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

EG&G INC................................................307 44,907 Engineering, accounting, & Engineering, accounting, & 

 research/testing services 2 3 32.47 138,309 research/testing services 

ELECTRONIC ARTS INC..............................124 146,199 Information & electronics 56 217 0.32 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ELECTRONICS FOR IMAGING INC................ 332 40,318 Information & electronics 139 217 0.09 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

EMC CORP/MA.........................................82 220,884 Information & electronics 37 217 0.48 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

EMERSON ELECTRIC CO............................55 445,100 Information & electronics 24 217 0.97 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

ENCORE COMPUTER CORP......................... 481 23,953 Information & electronics 207 217 0.05 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

ENGELHARD CORP................................... 225 61,400 Basic industries & materials 35 66 0.73 8,355,329 Nonferrous metal products 

ESS TECHNOLOGY INC..............................402 29,471 Information & electronics 172 217 0.06 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

ETEC SYSTEMS INC.................................. 361 34,373 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 37 51 0.49 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

ETHYL CORP.............................................321 42,168 Chemicals 25 43 0.62 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

EVANS & SUTHERLAND CMP Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 CORP....................................................452 25,492 equipment 44 51 0.36 7,038,500 household) 

EXABYTE CORP......................................... 326 40,909 Information & electronics 135 217 0.09 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

EXCEL INDUSTRIES INC............................. 455 25,245 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 21 22 0.14 18,380,209 equipment 

EXXON CORP...........................................44 529,000 Basic industries & materials 3 66 6.33 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol.

 refining & related ind. 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

15
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

FERRO CORP.............................................441 26,600 Chemicals 39 43 0.39 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

FILENET CORP..........................................337 39,575 Information & electronics 141 217 0.09 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

FMC CORP..............................................107 174,000 Chemicals 8 43 2.55 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

FORD MOTOR CO.......................................2 6,327,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 2 22 34.42 18,380,209 equipment 

FORE SYSTEMS INC.................................. 216 66,779 Information & electronics 101 217 0.15 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

FORT JAMES CORP..................................... 327 40,900 Basic industries & materials 56 66 0.49 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

FORTUNE BRANDS INC.................................291 46,600 Basic industries & materials 49 66 0.56 8,355,329 Fabricated metal products, except 

 machinery & transp. eq. 

FSI INTL INC.............................................335 39,713 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 35 51 0.56 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

FTP SOFTWARE INC....................................436 27,044 Information & electronics 187 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

FULLER (H. B.) CO...................................... 465 24,830 Chemicals Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints,

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

GENCORP INC.........................................424 28,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & 41 43 0.36 6,821,613 Aircraft, guided missiles & space 

 space vehicles 8 8 0.60 4,672,800 vehicles 

GENENTECH INC.......................................58 403,327 Medical substances & devices 12 83 2.03 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

GENERAL DATACOMM INDS.......................... 328 40,876 Information & electronics 136 217 0.09 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP........................250 55,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 transportation equipment 11 22 0.30 18,380,209 campers, military tanks, etc. 

GENERAL ELECTRIC CO..............................15 1,480,000 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment 1 51 21.03 7,038,500 household) 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

16
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP............................. 89 207,826 Information & electronics 40 217 0.45 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite 

 communication eq. 

GENERAL MOTORS CL H............................ 142 120,400 Information & electronics 70 217 0.26 45,823,950 Household audio & video equipment, 

 & audio recordings 

GENERAL MOTORS CORP............................1 8,200,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 1 22 44.61 18,380,209 equipment 

GENERAL SCANNING INC...........................368 32,902 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 39 51 0.47 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

GENERAL SIGNAL CORP............................ 303 45,700 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment 31 51 0.65 7,038,500 household) 

GENSIA SICOR INC.................................249 55,318 Medical substances & devices 36 83 0.28 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

GENZYME CORP......................................... 199 74,200 Medical substances & devices 28 83 0.37 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

GEOTEK COMMUNICATIONS........................336 39,609 Information & electronics 140 217 0.09 45,823,950 Communications serv. (phone, 

 satellite, radio/TV, cable, etc.) 

GILEAD SCIENCES INC................................ 234 59,162 Medical substances & devices 33 83 0.30 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

GILLETTE CO.............................................84 212,000 Basic industries & materials 9 66 2.54 8,355,329 Fabricated metal products, except 

 machinery & transp. eq. 

GLENAYRE TECHNOLOGIES INC............................. 331 40,425 Information & electronics 138 217 0.09 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & 

 satellite communication eq. 

GOODRICH (B F) CO.................................162 101,800 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles &

 space vehicles 6 8 2.18 4,672,800 space vehicles 

GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO................60 384,100 Basic industries & materials 5 66 4.60 8,355,329 Rubber & misc. plastic prod. 

 (tires, plastic footwear, etc.) 

GRACE (W R) & CO....................................320 42,400 Chemicals 24 43 0.62 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector

17
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP................322 42,000 Chemicals 26 43 0.62 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

GTE CORP..............................................141 122,000 Information & electronics 69 217 0.27 45,823,950 Communications serv. (phone, 

GUIDANT CORP........................................88 208,300 Medical substances & devices 16 83 1.05 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

GUILFORD PHARMACEUTICAL INC...............391 30,293 Medical substances & devices 60 83 0.15 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

HALLIBURTON CO...................................... 112 164,700 Basic industries & materials 14 66 1.97 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

HARBINGER CORP...................................404 29,196 Information & electronics 174 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

HARLEY-DAVIDSON INC..............................261 53,300 Motor vehicles & other surface Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 transportation equipment 13 22 0.29 18,380,209 campers, military tanks, etc. 

HARMAN INTERNATIONAL INDS.....................217 66,451 Information & electronics 102 217 0.15 45,823,950 Household audio & video equipment, 

 & audio recordings 

HARNISCHFEGER INDUSTRIES INC.............. 333 40,094 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 34 51 0.57 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

HARRIS CORP............................................ 106 174,900 Information & electronics 47 217 0.38 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & 

 satellite communication eq. 

HASBRO INC............................................118 154,710 Basic industries & materials 16 66 1.85 8,355,329 Misc. products (leather, toys, 

 jewelry, musical inst.) 

HBO & CO................................................168 96,759 Information & electronics 80 217 0.21 45,823,950 Computer integrated systems design 

HERCULES INC........................................... 265 53,000 Chemicals 20 43 0.78 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

HERSHEY FOODS CORP..............................432 27,500 Basic industries & materials 65 66 0.33 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; 

 tobacco products 

HEWLETT-PACKARD CO.................................5 3,078,000 Information & electronics 3 217 6.72 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

HILLENBRAND INDUSTRIES.............................. 283 49,000 Basic industries & materials 46 66 0.59 8,355,329 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

18
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

HONEYWELL INC..........................................54 446,600 Information & electronics 23 217 0.97 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC......................... 295 46,140 Medical substances & devices 47 83 0.23 19,849,094 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic 

 substances 

HYBRIDON INC.............................................290 46,828 Medical substances & devices 45 83 0.24 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

HYPERION SOFTWARE CORP............................. 367 33,046 Information & electronics 158 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

I2 TECHNOLOGIES INC............................... 285 48,720 Information & electronics 122 217 0.11 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ICOS CORPORATION................................... 319 42,783 Medical substances & devices 49 83 0.22 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP.................... 372 32,407 Medical substances & devices 55 83 0.16 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

IDX SYSTEMS CORP...................................... 342 38,602 Information & electronics 144 217 0.08 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS.................................. 269 52,021 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 25 51 0.74 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

IMATION CORP............................................ 95 194,900 Information & electronics 42 217 0.43 45,823,950 Ophthalmic goods, photogrph. 

 equp. & clocks 

IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP/DE........................... 363 34,090 Medical substances & devices 53 83 0.17 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

IMMUNEX CORP......................................... 155 109,312 Medical substances & devices 21 83 0.55 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

INCONTROL INC........................................... 461 24,927 Medical substances & devices 76 83 0.13 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................ 210 68,927 Information & electronics 98 217 0.15 45,823,950 Multiple & miscellaneous computer & 

 data processing services 

INDUS INTERNATIONAL INC.............................. 430 27,664 Information & electronics 186 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

INFINIUM SOFTWARE INC..............................491 23,460 Information & electronics 212 217 0.05 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

INFORMIX CORP........................................... 123 146,310 Information & electronics 55 217 0.32 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

19
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

INGERSOLL-RAND CO................................... 83 215,500 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 8 51 3.06 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

INHALE THERAPEUTIC SYSTEMS........................ 487 23,645 Medical substances & devices 81 83 0.12 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

INSO CORP................................................413 28,760 Information & electronics 178 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYSTEMS....................... 467 24,717 Information & electronics 202 217 0.05 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

INTEGRATED PROCESS EQ............................. 482 23,951 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 50 51 0.34 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

INTEGRATED SILICON SOLUTION.......................... 446 26,179 Information & electronics 193 217 0.06 45,823,950 Electronic components 

(semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

INTEL CORP.................................................. 7 2,347,000 Information & electronics 5 217 5.12 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORP............................ 476 24,248 Finance, insurance, real estate 2 2 29.92 81,048 Finance, insurance, real estate 

INTERGRAPH CORP..................................... 166 98,073 Information & electronics 79 217 0.21 45,823,950 Computer integrated systems design 

INTERNEURON 

 PHARMACEUTICALS............................257 53,909 Medical substances & devices 38 83 0.27 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

INTERSOLV.................................................. 477 24,231 Information & electronics 205 217 0.05 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP....................... 3 4,307,000 Information & electronics 1 217 9.40 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

INTL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES.....................172 94,411 Chemicals 12 43 1.38 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

INTL GAME TECHNOLOGY.............................. 382 31,074 Basic industries & materials 60 66 0.37 8,355,329 Misc. products (leather, toys, 

 jewelry, musical inst.) 

INTL PAPER CO............................................. 163 99,900 Basic industries & materials 25 66 1.20 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

INTL RECTIFIER CORP................................ 354 35,495 Information & electronics 152 217 0.08 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

INTUIT INC.................................................. 161 104,027 Information & electronics 77 217 0.23 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

20
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

IOMEGA CORP............................................ 195 78,026 Information & electronics 95 217 0.17 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC...................... 460 24,940 Medical substances & devices 75 83 0.13 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

ITT INDUSTRIES INC...................................46 496,900 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 5 22 2.70 18,380,209 equipment 

IVAX CORP................................................260 53,409 Medical substances & devices 39 83 0.27 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

JOHNS MANVILLE INTL GRP INC.......................... 380 31,174 Basic industries & materials 59 66 0.37 8,355,329 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete products 

JOHNSON & JOHNSON.................................. 8 2,140,000 Medical substances & devices 1 83 10.78 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

JOHNSON CONTROLS INC.................................... 79 232,000 Basic industries & materials 8 66 2.78 8,355,329 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 

KELLOGG CO................................................ 159 106,100 Basic industries & materials 24 66 1.27 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products 

KEMET CORP.............................................. 485 23,766 Information & electronics 209 217 0.05 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

KENNAMETAL INC.......................................478 24,105 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 48 51 0.34 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP............................... 85 211,800 Basic industries & materials 10 66 2.53 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

KLA-TENCOR CORP....................................... 130 134,105 Information & electronics 59 217 0.29 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

KOMAG INC............................................... 276 51,427 Machinery & electrical 26 51 0.73 7,038,500 Electrical equipment

 equipment (industrial & household) 

KULICKE & SOFFA INDUSTRIES...................... 299 46,030 Machinery & electrical 29 51 0.65 7,038,500 Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment mining & construction) 

LAM RESEARCH CORP.................................. 110 170,624 Machinery & electrical 11 51 2.42 7,038,500 Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment mining & construction) 

LAUDER ESTEE COS INC -CL A........................ 356 35,300 Chemicals 29 43 0.52 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints,

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

LEAR CORP................................................... 179 90,400 Basic industries & materials 27 66 1.08 8,355,329 Lumber, wood products, & furniture

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

21
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

LEVEL ONE COMMUNICATIONS Electronic components 

 INC.................................................. 388 30,398 Information & electronics 164 217 0.07 45,823,950 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

LEXMARK INTL GRP INC -CL A............................ 135 128,900 Information & electronics 63 217 0.28 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip. 

 (printers, scanners, etc.) 

LILLY (ELI) & CO.............................................. 17 1,382,000 Medical substances & devices 6 83 6.96 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP.................................. 355 35,401 Information & electronics 153 217 0.08 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

LIPOSOME COMPANY INC.............................. 411 28,894 Medical substances & devices 62 83 0.15 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

LITTON INDUSTRIES INC..............................207 70,122 Information & electronics 97 217 0.15 45,823,950 Search & navigation equipment 

LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP............................. 33 788,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles &

 space vehicles 3 8 16.86 4,672,800 space vehicles 

LOGITECH INTL S A -ADR............................... 427 27,774 Information & electronics 185 217 0.06 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip. 

LORAL SPACE & 

 COMMUNICATIONS................................... 244 56,800 Finance, insurance, real estate 1 2 70.08 81,048 Finance, insurance, real estate 

LSI LOGIC CORP............................................ 80 229,069 Information & electronics 36 217 0.50 45,823,950 Electronic components

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

LTX CORP.................................................. 493 23,350 Information & electronics 214 217 0.05 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

LUBRIZOL CORP......................................... 183 88,400 Chemicals 13 43 1.30 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.......................4 3,100,620 Information & electronics 2 217 6.77 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

MAGNETEK INC..........................................489 23,600 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment 

 equipment 51 51 0.34 7,038,500 (industrial & household) 

MALLINCKRODT INC....................................... 157 108,000 Medical substances & devices 23 83 0.54 19,849,094 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic 

 substances 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

22
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

MANUGISTICS GROUP INC............................ 377 31,665 Information & electronics 161 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

MARCAM SOLUTIONS INC............................ 362 34,301 Information & electronics 155 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

MARK IV INDUSTRIES INC................................. 286 48,500 Basic industries & materials 47 66 0.58 8,355,329 Rubber & misc. plastic prod. 

 (tires, plastic footwear, etc.) 

MARQUETTE MEDICAL SYS.................................... 267 52,594 Medical substances & devices 40 83 0.26 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

MATRIX PHARMACEUTICAL INC...................... 435 27,214 Medical substances & devices 70 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

MATTEL INC................................................. 116 156,350 Basic industries & materials 15 66 1.87 8,355,329 Misc. products (leather, toys, 

 jewelry, musical inst.) 

MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS..................277 51,264 Information & electronics 119 217 0.11 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

MAYTAG CORP..........................................279 50,201 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment 27 51 0.71 7,038,500 household) 

MEDIMMUNE INC......................................329 40,669 Medical substances & devices 50 83 0.20 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

MEDTRONIC INC......................................... 67 297,177 Medical substances & devices 14 83 1.50 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

MEMC ELECTRONIC Electronic components 

 MATRIALS INC........................................... 221 64,457 Information & electronics 104 217 0.14 45,823,950 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

MENTOR GRAPHICS CORP............................... 151 112,227 Information & electronics 73 217 0.24 45,823,950 Computer integrated systems design 

MERCK & CO................................................13 1,683,700 Medical substances & devices 3 83 8.48 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

MERITOR AUTOMOTIVE INC................................ 256 54,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 12 22 0.29 18,380,209 equipment 

MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC......................... 343 38,362 Information & electronics 145 217 0.08 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC...........................87 208,900 Information & electronics 39 217 0.46 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

MICROPROSE INC........................................ 406 29,038 Information & electronics 176 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

MICROSOFT CORP...................................... 10 1,925,000 Information & electronics 6 217 4.20 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector

23
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

MIDWAY GAMES INC......................................... 248 55,941 Information & electronics 112 217 0.12 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC........................424 28,000 Chemicals 38 43 0.41 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

MILLENNIUM PHARMACTCLS INC.......................... 197 74,828 Medical substances & devices 27 83 0.38 19,849,094 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic 

 substances 

MILLIPORE CORP......................................... 245 56,299 Information & electronics 111 217 0.12 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO........................ 27 1,002,000 Basic industries & materials 1 66 11.99 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

MOBIL CORP................................................. 78 234,000 Basic industries & materials 7 66 2.80 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

MOLEX INC............................................... 188 83,843 Information & electronics 91 217 0.18 45,823,950 Electronic components

MONSANTO CO............................................... 28 939,000 Chemicals 3 43 13.77 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

MORTON INTERNATIONAL INC...................................... 236 58,800 Chemicals 18 43 0.86 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

MOTOROLA INC....................................... 6 2,748,000 Information & electronics 4 217 6.00 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite 

 communication eq. 

MYLAN LABORATORIES............................... 294 46,278 Medical substances & devices 46 83 0.23 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

NABISCO HLDGS CORP -CL A......................... 170 95,000 Basic industries & materials 26 66 1.14 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products 

NACCO INDUSTRIES -CL A............................. 426 27,900 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 43 51 0.40 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

NALCO CHEMICAL CO..................................................... 315 43,000 Chemicals 23 43 0.63 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS CORP.................... 390 30,296 Information & electronics 165 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR Electronic components 

 CORP............................................... 49 482,000 Information & electronics 18 217 1.05 45,823,950 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

24
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

NAVISTAR INTERNATIONL................................... 175 92,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 7 22 0.50 18,380,209 equipment 

NCR CORP................................................53 447,000 Information & electronics 22 217 0.98 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

NETMANAGE INC..........................................323 41,313 Information & electronics 134 217 0.09 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

NETSCAPE COMMUNICATIONS 

 CORP............................................... 133 129,900 Information & electronics 61 217 0.28 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECH INC...................... 309 43,442 Information & electronics 129 217 0.09 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

NETWORKS ASSOCIATES INC................................ 186 85,021 Information & electronics 90 217 0.19 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

NEUREX CORP.............................................414 28,474 Medical substances & devices 63 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING........................... 345 38,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 transportation equipment 17 22 0.21 18,380,209 campers, military tanks, etc. 

NEXSTAR PHARMACEUTICALS...................................................................... 282 49,315 Medical substances & devices 43 83 0.25 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

NORDSON CORP.............................................................. 399 29,812 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 42 51 0.42 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP........................... 72 256,000 Information & electronics 33 217 0.56 45,823,950 Search & navigation equipment 

NOVELL INC.................................................... 70 282,680 Information & electronics 31 217 0.62 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

NOVELLUS SYSTEMS INC................................. 180 89,876 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 17 51 1.28 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

OAK TECHNOLOGY INC........................................................................................................................................... 359 34,660 Information & electronics 154 217 0.08 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

OLIN CORP.................................................. 407 29,000 Chemicals 36 43 0.43 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

OMNIPOINT CORP.......................................... 483 23,932 Information & electronics 208 217 0.05 45,823,950 Communications serv. (phone, 

 satellite, radio/TV, cable, etc.) 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in Status in major sector

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

25
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

ON TECHNOLOGY CORP.............................................. 418 28,359 Information & electronics 181 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

OPEN MARKET INC......................................... 439 26,732 Information & electronics 188 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ORACLE CORP.............................................35 719,143 Information & electronics 14 217 1.57 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

ORBITAL SCIENCES CORP.................................... 443 26,355 Information & electronics 190 217 0.06 45,823,950 Search & navigation equipment 

OWENS CORNING.......................................... 209 69,000 Basic industries & materials 32 66 0.83 8,355,329 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete products 

OWENS-ILLINOIS INC..................................... 410 28,900 Basic industries & materials 63 66 0.35 8,355,329 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete products 

PACCAR INC............................................... 187 84,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 9 22 0.46 18,380,209 equipment 

PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES INC................................ 375 31,982 Information & electronics 159 217 0.07 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

PALL CORP.................................................. 258 53,747 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 23 51 0.76 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

PARAMETRIC TECHNOLOGY 

 CORP...................................................262 53,236 Information & electronics 114 217 0.12 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

PARKER-HANNIFIN CORP..............................215 67,169 Basic industries & materials 33 66 0.80 8,355,329 Fabricated metal products, except 

 machinery & transp. eq. 

PATHOGENESIS CORP.................................... 423 28,018 Medical substances & devices 66 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

P-COM INC..................................................... 405 29,127 Information & electronics 175 217 0.06 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & 

 satellite communication eq. 

PEOPLESOFT INC............................................ 134 129,553 Information & electronics 62 217 0.28 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

PERKIN-ELMER CORP................................... 131 132,461 Information & electronics 60 217 0.29 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

PFIZER INC...................................................9 1,928,000 Medical substances & devices 2 83 9.71 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC............................. 20 1,217,000 Medical substances & devices 8 83 6.13 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

PHILIP MORRIS COS INC................................ 43 533,000 Basic industries & materials 2 66 6.38 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; 

 tobacco products 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

26
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO............................... 246 56,000 Basic industries & materials 42 66 0.67 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

PHOENIX TECHNOLOGIES LTD........................ 444 26,349 Information & electronics 191 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

PICTURETEL CORP.......................................193 79,523 Information & electronics 94 217 0.17 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONL..................... 125 146,000 Basic industries & materials 19 66 1.75 8,355,329 Agr. services; forestry; fishing;

 mining; construction 

PITNEY BOWES INC....................................... 181 89,463 Information & electronics 88 217 0.20 45,823,950 Calculating/accounting mach. & 

 office machines, nec 

PITTWAY CORP/DE -CL A................................... 472 24,316 Information & electronics 204 217 0.05 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & 

 satellite communication eq. 

POLARIS INDS INC.......................................... 440 26,722 Motor vehicles & other surface Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 transportation equipment 19 22 0.15 18,380,209 campers, military tanks, etc. 

POLAROID CORP..........................................138 122,800 Information & electronics 66 217 0.27 45,823,950 Ophthalmic goods, photogrph. 

 equp. & clocks 

PPG INDUSTRIES INC......................................... 75 250,000 Chemicals 5 43 3.66 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

PRAXAIR INC.................................................. 194 79,000 Chemicals 15 43 1.16 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

PREMARK INTERNATIONAL INC........................ 300 46,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 30 51 0.65 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

PRI AUTOMATION INC....................................... 469 24,634 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 46 51 0.35 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

PROCTER & GAMBLE CO................................. 19 1,282,000 Chemicals 1 43 18.79 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

PROGRESS SOFTWARE CORP.......................................... 346 37,797 Information & electronics 147 217 0.08 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

QAD INC....................................................... 403 29,317 Information & electronics 173 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

27
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

QUAKER OATS CO........................................... 357 34,900 Basic industries & materials 57 66 0.42 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products 

QUALCOMM INC.............................................77 235,922 Information & electronics 35 217 0.51 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & 

 satellite communication eq. 

QUANTUM CORP............................................. 63 321,741 Information & electronics 27 217 0.70 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

QUICKTURN DESIGN SYSTEMS Laboratory controlling & 

 INC................................................... 490 23,499 Information & electronics 211 217 0.05 45,823,950 measuring instruments 

RALSTON PURINA CO.................................... 205 70,400 Basic industries & materials 30 66 0.84 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; 

 tobacco products

RATIONAL SOFTWARE CORP........................... 224 61,560 Information & electronics 107 217 0.13 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

RAYCHEM CORP........................................... 145 119,336 Machinery & electrical 12 51 1.70 7,038,500 Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment household) 

RAYTHEON CO -CL B............................................. 56 415,100 Information & electronics 25 217 0.91 45,823,950 Search & navigation equipment 

READ-RITE CORP............................................. 220 64,995 Information & electronics 103 217 0.14 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

REGENERON PHARMACEUT................................ 429 27,770 Medical substances & devices 67 83 0.14 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

RELTEC CORP.................................................... 365 33,600 Information & electronics 157 217 0.07 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

REVLON CONSUMER Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 PRODUCTS CP...................................... 400 29,700 Chemicals 35 43 0.44 6,821,613 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

REYNOLDS & REYNOLDS -CL A........................... 313 43,052 Basic industries & materials 52 66 0.52 8,355,329 Printing, publishing, & allied 

 industries 

REYNOLDS METALS CO..................................... 325 41,000 Basic industries & materials 55 66 0.49 8,355,329 Nonferrous metal products 

RJR NABISCO HLDGS CORP............................. 104 178,000 Basic industries & materials 13 66 2.13 8,355,329 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products 

ROBOTIC VISION SYSTEMS INC........................ 492 23,410 Information & electronics 213 217 0.05 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling &

 measuring instruments 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector

28
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

ROCKWELL INTL CORP..................................... 36 714,000 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment 2 51 10.14 7,038,500 household) 

ROHM & HAAS CO......................................... 90 201,000 Chemicals 6 43 2.95 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials

RUBBERMAID INC........................................... 428 27,772 Basic industries & materials 64 66 0.33 8,355,329 Rubber & misc. plastic prod. 

 (tires, plastic footwear, etc.)

S3 INCORPORATED......................................... 169 95,792 Information & electronics 81 217 0.21 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip.

SABRE GROUP HLDGS INC -CL A........................... 480 24,000 Information & electronics 206 217 0.05 45,823,950 Computer integrated systems design 

SANTA CRUZ OPERATION INC.......................... 297 46,130 Information & electronics 125 217 0.10 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

SCHERER (R P)/DE........................................ 453 25,386 Medical substances & devices 73 83 0.13 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

SCHERING-PLOUGH........................................ 29 847,000 Medical substances & devices 9 83 4.27 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

SCHLUMBERGER LTD...................................... 47 486,205 Basic industries & materials 4 66 5.82 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

SCI SYSTEMS INC............................................ 351 36,569 Information & electronics 150 217 0.08 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

SCIENCE APPLCTNS INTL................................. 498 23,202 Engineering, accounting, & 3 3 16.78 138,309 Engineering, accounting, & 

 research/testing services research/testing services 

SCIENTIFIC-ATLANTA INC................................ 149 114,344 Information & electronics 72 217 0.25 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite 

 communication eq.

SCIOS INC....................................................... 334 39,807 General services 3 5 19.17 207,689 Wholesale & retail trade 

SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY.......................................... 52 462,206 Information & electronics 21 217 1.01 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

SECURITY DYNAMICS TECH INC............................ 445 26,280 Information & electronics 192 217 0.06 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip. 

 (printers, scanners, etc.) 

SEPRACOR INC............................................. 312 43,055 Information & electronics 131 217 0.09 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

29
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

SEQUENT COMPUTER Electronic computers & computer 

 SYSTEMS INC........................................174 92,984 Information & electronics 84 217 0.20 45,823,950 terminals 

SEQUUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................ 371 32,474 Medical substances & devices 54 83 0.16 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

SHARED MEDICAL 

 SYSTEMS CORP......................................223 64,046 Information & electronics 106 217 0.14 45,823,950 Computer integrated systems design 

SHELL OIL CO.................................................. 91 199,000 Basic industries & materials 11 66 2.38 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO................................. 466 24,748 Chemicals 42 43 0.36 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints,

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

SHIVA CORP.................................................. 451 25,545 Information & electronics 198 217 0.06 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

SILICON GRAPHICS INC.................................. 50 479,101 Information & electronics 19 217 1.05 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

SILICON VALLEY GROUP INC........................... 200 73,901 Machinery & electrical 18 51 1.05 7,038,500 Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment mining & construction) 

SMARTALK TELESERVICES INC......................... 338 39,186 Information & electronics 142 217 0.09 45,823,950 Communications serv. (phone, 

 satellite, radio/TV, cable, etc.) 

SMITH INTERNATIONAL INC............................. 357 34,900 Chemicals 30 43 0.51 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

SNAP-ON INC.................................................. 293 46,500 Information & electronics 123 217 0.10 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

SOLUTIA INC................................................. 230 60,000 Chemicals 17 43 0.88 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials

SPACELABS MED INC...................................... 219 65,581 Medical substances & devices 31 83 0.33 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

SPX CORP..................................................... 479 24,100 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 49 51 0.34 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

ST JUDE MEDICAL INC..................................... 160 104,693 Medical substances & devices 24 83 0.53 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

30
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

STANDARD PRODUCTS CO................................ 301 45,991 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 16 22 0.25 18,380,209 equipment 

STEELCASE INC............................................. 208 70,000 Basic industries & materials 31 66 0.84 8,355,329 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 

STERIS CORP................................................ 484 23,914 Medical substances & devices 80 83 0.12 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

STERLING COMMERCE INC................................... 464 24,853 Information & electronics 201 217 0.05 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

STERLING SOFTWARE INC................................ 499 23,114 Information & electronics 217 217 0.05 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CP -CL A..................... 86 209,526 Information & electronics 38 217 0.46 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

STRATUS COMPUTER INC............................... 178 90,647 Information & electronics 87 217 0.20 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS 

 RESEARCH..........................................281 49,407 Information & electronics 120 217 0.11 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

STRYKER CORP............................................ 243 56,895 Medical substances & devices 35 83 0.29 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

SUGEN INC............................................... 360 34,585 Medical substances & devices 52 83 0.17 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC............................ 31 825,968 Information & electronics 12 217 1.80 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

SUNDSTRAND CORP..................................... 201 73,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles &

 space vehicles 7 8 1.56 4,672,800 space vehicles 

SUNGARD DATA SYSTEMS INC......................... 184 87,849 Information & electronics 89 217 0.19 45,823,950 Multiple & miscellaneous computer & 

 data processing services 

SYBASE INC................................................129 138,590 Information & electronics 58 217 0.30 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

SYMANTEC CORP.......................................... 176 91,332 Information & electronics 85 217 0.20 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES.............................. 396 29,991 Information & electronics 170 217 0.07 45,823,950 Computer peripheral equip. 

 (printers, scanners, etc.) 

SYNOPSYS INC............................................. 147 116,059 Information & electronics 71 217 0.25 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

SYSTEM SOFTWARE ASSOC INC....................... 272 51,700 Information & electronics 117 217 0.11 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

31
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

TECUMSEH PRODUCTS CO -CL A..................... 369 32,600 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 40 51 0.46 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

TELLABS INC................................................. 114 158,129 Information & electronics 51 217 0.35 45,823,950 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment 

TELXON CORP.............................................347 37,500 Information & electronics 148 217 0.08 45,823,950 Calculating/accounting mach. & 

 office machines, nec 

TENNECO INC.............................................265 53,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 14 22 0.29 18,380,209 equipment 

TERADYNE INC............................................. 113 162,500 Information & electronics 50 217 0.35 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

TEXACO INC................................................. 121 147,000 Basic industries & materials 18 66 1.76 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC..............................24 1,075,000 Information & electronics 8 217 2.35 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

TEXTRON INC............................................... 81 222,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles &

 space vehicles 5 8 4.75 4,672,800 space vehicles 

THERMEDICS INC.......................................... 473 24,270 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 47 51 0.34 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

THERMO ELECTRON CORP............................. 97 191,629 Information & electronics 43 217 0.42 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

THERMO INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS..................... 158 107,613 Information & electronics 76 217 0.23 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

THERMO OPTEK CORP....................................... 422 28,061 Information & electronics 184 217 0.06 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

THERMOQUEST CORP.................................. 420 28,152 Information & electronics 182 217 0.06 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

THERMOTREX CORP..................................... 374 32,067 Medical substances & devices 57 83 0.16 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

See SOURCE at end of table

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

32
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

THOMAS & BETTS CORP....................................... 270 51,896 Information & electronics 116 217 0.11 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

TIMKEN CO................................................315 43,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 33 51 0.61 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

TORO CO.................................................... 350 36,574 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 36 51 0.52 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

TREX MEDICAL CORP.................................... 468 24,705 Medical substances & devices 77 83 0.12 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD.............................. 330 40,662 Information & electronics 137 217 0.09 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

TRW INC.................................................... 39 650,000 Motor vehicles & other surface Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 transportation equipment 4 22 3.54 18,380,209 equipment 

TYCO INTERNATIONAL LTD............................. 306 45,000 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 32 51 0.64 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

U S SURGICAL CORP....................................203 71,800 Medical substances & devices 29 83 0.36 19,849,094 Medical instruments 

ULTRATECH STEPPER INC.............................. 393 30,050 Information & electronics 167 217 0.07 45,823,950 Ophthalmic goods, photogrph.

 equp. & clocks 

UNION CAMP CORP....................................... 239 57,300 Basic industries & materials 39 66 0.69 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

UNION CARBIDE CORP.................................. 115 157,000 Chemicals 10 43 2.30 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

UNISYS CORP............................................... 66 302,300 Information & electronics 29 217 0.66 45,823,950 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals 

UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE................... 212 68,000 General services 1 5 32.74 207,689 Transportation; freight & warehousing; 

 & pipeline services 

UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP........................ 21 1,187,000 Aircraft, guided missiles & Aircraft, guided missiles &

 space vehicles 2 8 25.40 4,672,800 space vehicles 

UNIVERSAL FOODS CORP............................. 378 31,510 Chemicals 31 43 0.46 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

33
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

UNOVA INC.................................................. 263 53,100 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 24 51 0.75 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

USCS INTL INC.............................................394 30,034 Information & electronics 168 217 0.07 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

VALSPAR CORP........................................... 339 39,099 Chemicals 27 43 0.57 6,821,613 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, 

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 

VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC................................ 153 110,750 Information & electronics 74 217 0.24 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments 

VERITAS SOFTWARE CO................................ 456 25,219 Information & electronics 199 217 0.06 45,823,950 Prepackaged software 

VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC....................... 273 51,624 Medical substances & devices 41 83 0.26 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

VIMRX PHARMACEUTICALS INC....................................... 253 54,369 Medical substances & devices 37 83 0.27 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

VLSI TECHNOLOGY INC..............................165 98,434 Information & electronics 78 217 0.21 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

VTEL CORP................................................... 470 24,460 Information & electronics 203 217 0.05 45,823,950 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite 

 communication eq. 

WARNER-LAMBERT CO................................... 38 672,200 Medical substances & devices 10 83 3.39 19,849,094 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 

WATERS CORP.............................................. 191 80,750 Information & electronics 92 217 0.18 45,823,950 Laboratory controlling & 

 measuring instruments 

WATKINS-JOHNSON....................................... 251 54,682 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 21 51 0.78 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

WESTERN ATLAS INC...................................... 233 59,200 Basic industries & materials 38 66 0.71 8,355,329 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. 

 refining & related ind. 

WESTERN DIGITAL CORP................................ 120 150,157 Information & electronics 53 217 0.33 45,823,950 Computer storage devices 

WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE CO...................... 471 24,386 Motor vehicles & other surface Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 transportation equipment 22 22 0.13 18,380,209 campers, military tanks, etc. 

WESTVACO CORP.......................................... 317 42,944 Basic industries & materials 53 66 0.51 8,355,329 Paper & allied products 

WEYERHAEUSER CO................................... 246 56,000 Basic industries & materials 42 66 0.67 8,355,329 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

Status in major sector Status in 

34
Rank Percent 

among Number of R&D Major 

top 500 of top 500 among sector 

Rank firms in firms in top 500 in R&D f

among R&D the same the same the same total th

top 500 [In thousands major major major [In thousands d

Corporation (alphabetical order) in R&D of dollars] Major sector sector sector sector of dollars] Detailed sector 

WHIRLPOOL CORP.......................................... 100 181,000 Machinery & electrical Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 equipment 10 51 2.57 7,038,500 household) 

WITCO CORP................................................ 204 71,756 Chemicals 16 43 1.05 6,821,613 Industrial chem.; plastic & other 

 synthetic materials 

XEROX CORP................................................. 23 1,079,000 Information & electronics 7 217 2.35 45,823,950 Ophthalmic goods, photogrph. 

 equp. & clocks 

XILINX INC..................................................... 192 80,456 Information & electronics 93 217 0.18 45,823,950 Electronic components 

 (semiconductors, coils, etc.) 

XOMA CORP................................................... 398 29,878 Medical substances & devices 61 83 0.15 19,849,094 Drugs: biological products, except 

 diagnostic substances 

XYLAN CORP................................................. 449 25,875 Information & electronics 196 217 0.06 45,823,950 Computer networking 

 communications equip. 

YORK INTL..................................................... 385 30,600 Machinery & electrical Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 equipment 41 51 0.43 7,038,500 mining & construction) 

ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORP......................................... 318 42,900 Information & electronics 133 217 0.09 45,823,950 Household audio & video equipment, 

 & audio recordings 

SOURCE: Standard and Poor's Compustat, Englewood, CO.

Status in major sector Status in 

Table 2. Alphabetical list of top 500 corporations in R&D spending: 1997

35
36

Page 1 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

Aircraft, guided missiles & space vehicles 4,672,800 3,822,500 762,298 672,910 130,291,000 101,509,800

 ALLIEDSIGNAL INC 349,000 345,000 70,500 76,600 14,472,000 13,971,000

 BOEING CO... 1,924,000 1,200,000 238,000 143,000 45,800,000 22,681,000

 GENCORP INC 28,000 31,000 9,460 8,950 1,568,000 1,515,000

 GOODRICH (B F) CO 101,800 100,500 16,838 14,160 3,373,000 2,238,800

 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP 788,000 784,000 173,000 190,000 28,069,000 26,875,000

 SUNDSTRAND CORP 73,000 55,000 10,400 9,400 1,752,000 1,521,000

 TEXTRON INC 222,000 185,000 64,000 57,000 10,544,000 9,274,000

 UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP 1,187,000 1,122,000 180,100 173,800 24,713,000 23,434,000

Basic industries & materials... 8,355,329 7,789,266 2,056,390 2,020,161 728,194,509 731,889,373

 Agr. services; forestry; fishing; mining; 

 construction.... 203,300 183,600 7,031 6,620 2,235,400 2,108,500

 DEKALB GENETICS CORP -CL B. 57,300 47,600 2,037 1,882 451,400 387,500

 PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONL.. 146,000 136,000 4,994 4,738 1,784,000 1,721,000

 Fabricated metal products, except machinery & 

 transp. eq....... 508,038 476,244 172,812 176,762 31,236,739 31,237,141

 AEROQUIP-VICKERS INC.. 72,161 74,892 14,780 15,162 2,112,293 2,032,915

 CROWN CORK & SEAL CO INC 53,100 51,500 40,985 44,611 8,494,600 8,331,900

 DANAHER CORP 57,008 46,964 13,200 11,600 2,050,968 1,811,878

 FORTUNE BRANDS INC 46,600 40,200 24,920 28,000 4,425,797 5,776,300

 GILLETTE CO 212,000 204,000 44,000 44,100 10,062,000 9,697,700

 PARKER-HANNIFIN CORP 67,169 58,688 34,927 33,289 4,091,081 3,586,448

 Food & kindred products; tobacco 

 products. 1,187,900 1,090,600 441,424 457,534 118,903,836 120,006,208

 BEST FOODS... 66,000 73,000 44,200 55,300 8,400,000 9,844,000

 CAMPBELL SOUP CO 77,000 84,000 37,000 40,650 7,964,000 7,678,000

 HERSHEY FOODS CORP 27,500 26,100 16,200 15,300 4,302,236 3,989,308

 KELLOGG CO 106,100 84,300 14,339 14,511 6,830,100 6,676,600

 NABISCO HLDGS CORP -CL A... 95,000 NA 53,000 54,000 8,734,000 8,889,000

 PHILIP MORRIS COS INC 533,000 515,000 152,000 154,000 56,114,000 54,553,000

 QUAKER OATS CO... 34,900 33,000 14,123 14,800 5,015,700 5,199,000

 RALSTON PURINA CO 70,400 84,200 30,162 29,273 4,486,800 6,114,300

 RJR NABISCO HLDGS CORP 178,000 191,000 80,400 79,700 17,057,000 17,063,000

 Lumber, wood products, & furniture... 543,085 433,083 185,603 162,303 34,722,299 31,877,279

 BE AEROSPACE INC...... 45,685 37,083 NA 3,140 487,999 412,379

 HILLENBRAND INDUSTRIES... 49,000 42,000 10,100 9,800 1,776,000 1,684,000

 JOHNSON CONTROLS INC. 232,000 165,000 72,300 65,800 11,145,400 10,009,400

 LEAR CORP... 90,400 70,000 51,025 43,902 7,342,900 6,249,100

 STEELCASE INC.. 70,000 65,000 16,400 NA 2,760,000 2,408,400

 WEYERHAEUSER CO 56,000 54,000 35,778 39,661 11,210,000 11,114,000

 Misc. products (leather, toys, jewelry, 

 musical inst.). 372,432 320,583 42,262 43,952 9,610,072 8,200,292

 CALLAWAY GOLF CO.. 30,298 16,154 2,662 2,152 842,927 678,512

 HASBRO INC 154,710 152,487 12,000 13,000 3,188,559 3,002,370

See explanatory information and source at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Employees Sales

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D

[In thousands of dollars]
37

Page 2 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Misc. products (leather, toys, jewelry,

 musical inst.)continued

 INTL GAME TECHNOLOGY.. 31,074 25,701 2,600 2,800 743,970 733,452

 MATTEL INC 156,350 126,241 25,000 26,000 4,834,616 3,785,958

 Printing, publishing, and allied industries.. 159,472 98,413 21,447 19,388 3,958,203 3,582,035

 DOW JONES & CO INC... 116,420 73,974 12,309 11,844 2,572,518 2,481,592

 REYNOLDS & REYNOLDS -CL A 43,052 24,439 9,138 7,544 1,385,685 1,100,443

 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete products.. 412,266 360,791 90,200 80,900 15,479,542 13,354,200

 CORNING INC. 250,700 191,300 20,500 20,000 4,129,100 3,684,500

 DONNELLY CORP 32,492 27,728 5,000 3,100 671,297 439,571

 JOHNS MANVILLE INTL GRP INC 31,174 32,663 8,300 8,100 1,647,645 1,552,429

 OWENS CORNING 69,000 78,000 24,000 18,900 4,373,000 3,832,000

 OWENS-ILLINOIS INC... 28,900 31,100 32,400 30,800 4,658,500 3,845,700

 Textile & apparel products.. 77,091 73,449 10,681 10,454 1,857,134 1,792,945

 ALBANY INTL CORP -CL A 23,070 21,945 5,881 5,854 710,079 692,760

 DEXTER CORP 54,021 51,504 4,800 4,600 1,147,055 1,100,185

 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. refining & 

 related ind..... 2,474,105 2,367,808 509,180 494,235 394,692,040 402,872,740

 AMOCO CORP. 151,000 171,000 43,451 41,723 31,910,000 32,150,000

 ASHLAND INC 29,000 27,000 37,200 36,100 13,327,000 12,227,000

 ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO 120,000 106,000 24,000 22,800 18,684,000 18,592,000

 CHEVRON CORP 179,000 182,000 39,362 40,820 35,009,000 37,580,000

 DRESSER INDUSTRIES INC.. 120,000 110,600 31,300 33,172 7,419,100 6,533,200

 EXXON CORP 529,000 520,000 80,000 79,000 120,279,000 116,728,000

 HALLIBURTON CO 164,700 133,300 70,750 60,000 8,694,200 7,279,600

 MOBIL CORP 234,000 206,000 42,700 43,000 58,399,000 71,129,000

 PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO. 56,000 59,000 17,100 17,200 15,210,000 15,731,000

 SCHLUMBERGER LTD 486,205 452,608 63,500 57,000 10,647,590 8,956,150

 SHELL OIL CO 199,000 173,000 19,904 20,463 28,268,000 28,823,000

 TEXACO INC 147,000 139,000 29,313 28,957 45,187,000 44,561,000

 WESTERN ATLAS INC 59,200 88,300 10,600 14,000 1,658,150 2,582,790

 Paper & allied products. 1,515,944 1,462,562 292,113 287,587 65,776,346 63,499,747

 AVERY DENNISON CORP.. 61,100 54,600 16,200 15,800 3,345,700 3,222,500

 FORT JAMES CORP 40,900 46,400 29,000 23,000 7,259,000 5,690,500

 INTL PAPER CO 99,900 112,500 82,000 87,000 20,096,000 20,143,000

 KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP. 211,800 207,900 57,000 54,800 12,546,600 13,149,100

 MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO... 1,002,000 947,000 75,639 74,289 15,070,000 14,236,000

 UNION CAMP CORP.. 57,300 55,900 18,904 19,268 4,476,758 4,013,197

 WESTVACO CORP 42,944 38,262 13,370 13,430 2,982,288 3,045,450

 Ferrous metal products.. 60,300 66,200 22,000 24,000 3,745,100 8,494,600

 ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC.. 60,300 66,200 22,000 24,000 3,745,100 3,815,600

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

[In thousands of dollars]
38

Page 3 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Nonferrous metal products.. 286,676 304,003 117,002 116,722 24,699,228 24,003,806

 ALUMINUM CO OF AMERICA 143,200 165,500 81,600 76,800 13,319,200 13,061,000

 ANDREW CORP 41,076 33,003 4,227 4,622 869,475 793,575

 ENGELHARD CORP 61,400 56,500 5,675 6,300 3,629,553 3,177,231

 REYNOLDS METALS CO 41,000 49,000 25,500 29,000 6,881,000 6,972,000

 Rubber & misc. plastic prod. (tires, plastic 

 footwear, etc.). 554,720 551,930 144,635 139,704 21,278,570 20,859,880

 ARMSTRONG WORLD INDS INC... 47,800 59,300 10,643 10,580 2,198,700 2,156,400

 COLTEC INDUSTRIES 46,548 44,125 9,072 8,153 1,314,869 1,159,691

 GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO 384,100 374,500 95,302 91,310 13,155,100 13,112,800

 MARK IV INDUSTRIES INC 48,500 44,500 17,000 15,800 2,210,200 2,076,000

 RUBBERMAID INC 27,772 29,505 12,618 13,861 2,399,701 2,354,989

Chemicals. 6,821,613 6,504,591 677,803 683,049 209,664,483 212,341,428

 Industrial chem.; plastic & other synthetic 

 materials.. 4,295,342 3,984,410 312,391 310,469 117,681,699 119,179,745

 AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS INC 113,700 114,000 16,400 15,200 4,637,800 4,008,000

 ALBEMARLE CORP 31,446 30,442 2,700 2,800 829,850 854,481

 ARCO CHEMICAL CO 82,000 81,000 4,200 4,000 3,995,000 3,955,000

 BORDEN INC 24,900 41,100 8,000 11,500 1,487,700 3,681,300

 BUSH BOAKE ALLEN INC... 23,640 22,481 1,964 2,103 490,585 449,365

 CROMPTON & KNOWLES CORP 53,611 52,359 5,519 5,665 1,851,180 1,803,969

 DOW CHEMICAL. 785,000 761,000 42,861 40,289 20,065,000 20,079,000

 DU PONT (E I) DE NEMOURS... 1,142,200 1,032,000 98,000 97,000 39,911,000 38,504,000

 EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO. 191,000 184,000 16,076 17,505 4,678,000 4,782,000

 ETHYL CORP... 42,168 47,371 1,500 1,800 1,063,615 1,149,651

 FERRO CORP.. 26,600 23,800 6,851 6,912 1,381,280 1,355,685

 INTL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES 94,411 93,545 4,639 4,629 1,426,791 1,436,053

 LUBRIZOL CORP 88,400 93,400 4,291 4,358 1,673,782 1,597,562

 MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC 28,000 39,000 NA NA 3,048,000 3,040,000

 MONSANTO CO. 939,000 728,000 21,900 28,000 7,514,000 9,262,000

 OLIN CORP. 29,000 39,000 9,800 9,300 2,410,000 2,638,000

 PRAXAIR INC 79,000 72,000 25,388 25,271 4,735,000 4,449,000

 ROHM & HAAS CO.. 201,000 187,000 11,592 11,633 3,999,000 3,982,000

 SOLUTIA INC 60,000 81,000 8,800 NA 2,969,000 2,977,000

 UNION CARBIDE CORP.. 157,000 159,000 11,813 11,745 6,502,000 6,106,000

 UNIVERSAL FOODS CORP 31,510 29,824 4,127 4,035 825,714 806,352

 WITCO CORP.. 71,756 73,088 5,970 6,724 2,187,402 2,263,327

 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, fertilizers, 

 explosives, etc.).. 2,526,271 2,520,181 365,412 372,580 91,982,784 93,161,683

 AVON PRODUCTS 29,900 30,200 34,995 33,700 5,079,400 4,814,200

 BETZDEARBORN INC 38,800 35,700 6,405 6,185 1,294,800 1,037,000

 CARTER-WALLACE INC. 28,785 27,284 3,360 3,460 665,056 651,955

See explanatory information and source at end of table

 adjusted R&D

Validated or 

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars] [In thousands of dollars]
39

Page 4 of 14 

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, fertilizers, 

 explosives, etc.)continued

 CLOROX CO/DE 50,489 45,821 5,500 5,300 2,541,042 2,225,465

 COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO. 169,400 162,700 37,800 37,900 9,056,700 8,749,000

 CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC.... 44,700 40,200 5,200 4,700 1,290,600 1,259,600

 ECOLAB INC 30,420 28,676 10,210 9,573 1,640,352 1,490,009

 FMC CORP 174,000 189,400 16,805 22,048 4,259,000 4,969,398

 FULLER (H B) CO 24,830 25,823 6,000 5,900 1,306,789 1,275,716

 GRACE (W R) & CO 42,400 93,900 6,300 17,400 1,479,700 3,454,100

 GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP 42,000 64,000 5,100 7,000 1,311,227 2,211,704

 HERCULES INC 53,000 56,000 6,221 7,114 1,866,000 2,060,000

 LAUDER ESTEE COS INC -CL A 35,300 32,900 14,700 13,500 3,381,600 3,194,500

 MORTON INTERNATIONAL INC. 58,800 80,200 10,500 14,100 2,381,400 3,647,100

 NALCO CHEMICAL CO 43,000 41,900 6,905 6,502 1,433,700 1,303,500

 PPG INDUSTRIES INC 250,000 239,100 31,900 31,300 7,379,000 7,218,100

 PROCTOR & GAMBLE CO 1,282,000 1,221,000 106,000 103,000 35,764,000 35,284,000

 REVLON CONSUMER PRODUCTS CP... 29,700 26,300 16,000 14,300 2,390,900 2,167,000

 SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO 24,748 18,661 24,964 20,768 4,881,103 4,132,879

 SMITH INTERNATIONAL INC 34,900 27,800 7,342 5,975 1,563,144 1,156,658

 VALSPAR CORP 39,099 32,616 3,205 2,855 1,017,271 859,799

Engineering, accounting, & research/testing

 services... 138,309 136,486 52,300 48,400 5,624,956 5,323,623

 CERIDIAN CORP. 70,200 82,500 8,000 10,800 1,074,800 1,495,600

 EG&G INC.. 44,907 42,841 14,000 15,000 1,460,805 1,427,252

 SCIENCE APPLCTNS INTL 23,202 11,145 30,300 22,600 3,089,351 2,400,771

Finance, insurance, real estate.. 81,048 21,609 3,505 338 1,362,427 88,771

 INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORP... 24,248 21,609 205 278 49,836 53,693

 LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS... 56,800 NA 3,300 60 1,312,591 35,078

General services. 207,689 167,110 905,843 897,854 60,376,709 58,344,109

 Other (noncomputer) bus. serv (advertising, 

 equip. rental, etc.).. 52,582 32,386 1,620 1,048 76,449 30,154

 CELLNET DATA SYSTEMS INC 27,524 25,394 708 543 5,842 1,669

 CMG INFORMATION SERVICES INC 25,058 6,992 912 505 70,607 28,485

 Transportation; freight & warehousing; & 

 pipeline services.. 68,000 55,500 892,873 885,871 58,216,000 56,402,000

 UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE... 68,000 55,500 892,873 885,871 58,216,000 56,402,000

 Wholesale and retail trade.. 87,107 79,224 11,350 10,935 2,084,260 1,911,955

 CRANE CO 47,300 41,700 11,000 10,600 2,036,831 1,847,732

 SCIOS INC 39,807 37,524 350 335 47,429 64,223

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Validated or 

Sales

[In thousands of dollars]

 adjusted R&D Employees 

[In thousands of dollars]
40

Page 5 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

Information & electronics. 45,823,950 38,680,710 2,797,403 2,589,914 656,846,593 600,229,921

 Calculating/accounting mach. & office 

 machines, nec... 210,468 206,063 43,869 42,315 6,650,241 6,257,579

 BELL & HOWELL COMPANY.. 38,321 38,101 5,704 6,110 856,971 902,797

 DIEBOLD INC 45,184 41,797 6,714 5,980 1,226,936 1,030,191

 PITNEY BOWES INC.. 89,463 81,726 29,901 28,625 4,100,464 3,858,579

 TELXON CORP. 37,500 44,439 1,550 1,600 465,870 466,012

 Communicatons serv. (phone, satellite, 

 radio/TV, cable, etc.)... 1,053,727 1,019,733 244,448 234,107 74,768,322 73,631,346

 AT&T CORP... 829,000 822,000 127,800 130,400 51,319,000 52,184,000

 GEOTEK COMMUNICATIONS... 39,609 37,528 685 800 65,510 92,794

 GTE CORP.. 122,000 122,000 114,000 102,000 23,260,000 21,339,000

 OMNIPOINT CORP... 23,932 38,205 1,423 856 51,950 531

 SMARTALK TELESERVICES INC.. 39,186 NA 540 51 71,862 15,021

 Computer integrated systems design. 431,256 324,937 33,090 28,372 5,706,732 4,918,026

 CERNER CORP. 36,151 29,893 2,050 NA 245,057 189,107

 HBO & CO... 96,759 64,096 6,286 4,404 1,203,204 796,578

 INTERGRAPH CORP.... 98,073 103,397 7,700 8,200 1,124,305 1,095,333

 MENTOR GRAPHICS CORP... 112,227 72,886 2,570 2,500 454,727 447,886

 SABRE GROUP HLDGS INC -CL A 24,000 NA 8,500 7,848 1,783,547 1,621,987

 SHARED MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORP.. 64,046 54,665 5,984 5,420 895,892 767,135

 Computer networking communications 

 equip..... 2,620,503 1,792,079 42,863 34,833 20,849,561 15,270,196

 3COM CORP.... 581,613 335,266 12,920 7,109 5,420,367 3,147,106

 ADAPTEC INC. 172,522 128,530 3,276 2,794 1,007,293 933,868

 ASCEND COMMUNICATIONS INC. 155,986 40,291 1,644 721 1,167,352 549,297

 AUSPEX SYSTEMS INC... 31,803 17,843 619 515 202,486 162,640

 BAY NETWORKS INC. 269,800 213,534 NA NA 2,093,060 2,056,634

 CABLETRON SYSTEMS. 181,777 161,674 6,887 6,607 1,377,330 1,406,552

 CIRRUS LOGIC INC. 179,552 230,786 NA 2,557 954,270 917,154

 CISCO SYSTEMS INC. 698,169 399,291 11,000 8,782 6,440,171 4,096,007

 DIALOGIC CORP. 51,530 40,666 994 905 261,310 213,604

 ELECTRONICS FOR IMAGING INC.. 40,318 22,440 538 354 360,631 298,013

 FORE SYSTEMS INC... 66,779 55,217 1,592 1,361 458,369 395,347

 NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECH INC.. 43,442 43,354 1,408 1,367 308,721 324,438

 S3 INCORPORATED 95,792 63,382 654 636 436,359 439,243

 SHIVA CORP... 25,545 23,982 610 670 150,993 201,837

 XYLAN CORP.... 25,875 15,823 721 455 210,849 128,456

 Computer peripheral equip. (printers, 

 scanners, etc.). 325,349 277,216 14,294 15,363 4,774,453 4,677,863

 CALCOMP TECHNOLOGY INC.. 23,314 20,713 885 1,025 200,158 235,916

 C-CUBE MICROSYSTEMS INC. 64,204 44,177 750 669 337,012 319,758

 DIAMOND MULTIMEDIA SYS INC.. 24,886 18,824 864 841 443,281 598,050

 LEXMARK INTL GRP INC -CL A 128,900 123,900 7,985 6,573 2,493,500 2,377,600

See explanatory information and source at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars]
41

Page 6 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Computer peripheral equip. (printers, 

 scanners, etc.)continued

 LOGITECH INTL S A -ADR... 27,774 26,481 NA 2,995 390,227 413,716

 SECURITY DYNAMICS TECH INC. 26,280 12,216 610 360 135,930 76,148

 SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES... 29,991 30,905 3,200 2,900 774,345 656,675

 Computer storage devices. 2,607,477 2,440,150 211,348 184,527 40,661,287 38,546,913

 DATA GENERAL CORP.. 109,984 98,022 5,100 4,900 1,533,169 1,322,250

 DIGITAL EQUIPMENT... 1,014,044 1,062,253 54,900 59,100 13,046,832 14,562,775

 EMC CORP/MA 220,884 161,088 6,400 4,800 2,937,860 2,273,652

 EXABYTE CORP... 40,909 38,391 1,229 1,493 335,684 362,891

 IOMEGA CORP.. 78,026 42,101 4,816 2,926 1,739,972 1,212,769

 QUANTUM CORP... 321,741 291,332 6,219 6,380 5,805,235 5,319,457

 SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY...... 462,206 420,429 111,000 87,000 8,940,022 8,588,350

 STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CP -CL A 209,526 176,422 8,300 8,300 2,144,656 2,039,550

 WESTERN DIGITAL CORP... 150,157 150,112 13,384 9,628 4,177,857 2,865,219

 Electronic components (semiconductors, 

 coils, etc.). 6,648,235 5,591,027 340,356 315,460 72,429,514 65,372,707

 ACTEL CORP. 26,465 23,934 380 356 155,858 148,779

 ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES.. 467,877 400,703 12,800 12,200 2,356,375 1,953,019

 ALTERA CORP... 54,417 49,513 1,086 918 631,114 497,306

 AMP INC... 319,600 315,100 46,526 44,985 5,745,235 5,468,028

 ANALOG DEVICES.. 196,148 177,772 7,500 6,900 1,243,494 1,193,786

 APPLIED MAGNETICS CORP. 52,532 50,867 8,431 6,401 494,839 344,754

 ARTESYN TECHNOLOGIES INC... 30,032 17,714 4,219 1,557 527,236 222,485

 ATMEL CORP.. 122,896 110,239 4,589 3,914 958,282 1,070,288

 BERG ELECTRONICS CORP. 28,400 26,100 7,000 6,000 785,150 704,669

 BURR-BROWN CORP.. 33,951 28,452 1,308 1,311 252,102 219,997

 CHIPS & TECHNOLOGIES INC. 23,665 19,837 260 209 168,334 150,788

 CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP 93,842 84,334 2,770 2,171 539,856 528,385

 DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.. 46,078 34,974 1,497 1,348 368,212 288,354

 ESS TECHNOLOGY INC... 29,471 20,269 447 253 249,517 226,455

 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYSTEMS.. 24,717 12,073 177 206 103,759 100,485

 INTEGRATED SILICON SOLUTION... 26,179 21,350 476 380 108,261 132,039

 INTEL CORP..... 2,347,000 1,808,000 63,700 48,500 25,070,000 20,847,000

 INTL RECTIFIER CORP.. 35,495 26,967 4,385 3,915 486,127 576,849

 KEMET CORP... 23,766 20,755 11,300 10,718 667,721 555,319

 LEVEL ONE COMMUNICATIONS INC 30,398 24,505 559 410 156,262 111,987

 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP.. 35,401 31,058 1,084 1,650 379,251 377,771

 LSI LOGIC CORP...... 229,069 184,452 4,443 3,912 1,290,275 1,238,694

 MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS 51,264 47,532 1,998 1,574 433,710 421,626

 MEMC ELECTRONIC MATERIALS INC. 64,457 44,313 7,700 7,100 986,673 1,119,500

 MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC.. 38,362 33,648 2,153 1,879 396,894 334,252

 MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC... 208,900 191,900 12,200 9,900 3,515,500 3,653,800

 MOLEX INC..... 83,843 78,745 11,947 10,100 1,539,712 1,382,673

 NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.. 482,000 372,100 13,000 12,400 2,536,700 2,507,300

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D

[In thousands of dollars]

Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars]
42

Page 7 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Electronic components (semiconductors, 

 coils, etc.)continued

 OAK TECHNOLOGY INC... 34,660 35,555 430 410 167,395 247,984

 READ-RITE CORP.. 64,995 52,221 23,107 19,507 1,162,050 991,118

 SCI SYSTEMS INC... 36,569 33,556 18,470 15,524 5,762,656 4,544,759

 TEXTAS INSTRUMENTS INC. 1,075,000 989,000 44,140 59,927 9,750,000 9,940,000

 THOMAS & BETTS CORP.. 51,896 47,229 16,400 14,700 2,114,718 1,987,545

 VLSI TECHNOLOGY INC.. 98,434 105,185 2,483 2,948 712,653 716,770

 XILINX INC...... 80,456 71,075 1,391 1,277 613,593 568,143

 Electronic computers & computer 

 terminals... 11,093,953 9,732,300 558,862 500,254 192,432,594 174,669,885

 APPLE COMPUTER INC.. 485,000 604,000 10,176 13,398 7,081,000 9,833,000

 COMPAQ COMPUTER CORP... 817,000 407,000 32,565 18,863 24,584,000 18,109,000

 DELL COMPUTER CORP... 145,000 88,000 16,000 10,350 12,327,000 7,759,000

 ENCORE COMPUTER CORP... 23,953 30,260 121 694 29,486 47,627

 HEWLETT-PACKARD CO. 3,078,000 2,718,000 121,900 112,000 42,895,000 38,420,000

 INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 4,307,000 3,934,000 269,465 240,615 78,508,000 75,947,000

 NCR CORP.. 447,000 444,000 38,300 38,600 6,589,000 6,963,000

 SEQUENT COMPUTER SYSTEMS INC 92,984 73,717 2,818 2,656 833,886 595,362

 SILICON GRAPHICS INC..... 479,101 353,461 10,930 10,485 3,662,601 2,921,316

 STRATUS COMPUTER INC. 90,647 79,818 2,487 2,293 688,275 609,329

 SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC. 825,968 657,144 21,500 17,400 8,598,346 7,094,751

 UNISYS CORP.. 302,300 342,900 32,600 32,900 6,636,000 6,370,500

 Household audio & video equipment, & 

 audio recordings. 229,751 835,871 34,784 110,269 7,801,494 18,420,195

 GENERAL MOTORS CL H 120,400 730,000 15,000 86,000 5,128,300 15,744,100

 HARMAN INTERNATIONAL INDS.. 66,451 59,171 8,384 8,369 1,474,094 1,361,595

 ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORP. 42,900 46,700 11,400 15,900 1,199,100 1,314,500

 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instruments... 2,423,390 1,942,204 257,279 218,788 37,567,392 33,460,925

 ANALOGIC CORP.. 37,063 31,342 1,500 1,500 251,141 224,309

 BECKMAN COULTER INC. 123,600 108,400 11,171 6,079 1,198,000 1,028,000

 BIO-RAD LABS -CL A 46,138 39,580 2,650 2,535 426,914 418,789

 COHERENT INC. 48,721 37,705 2,131 1,794 391,038 364,430

 CREDENCE SYSTEMS CORP.... 43,372 35,422 646 575 204,092 238,788

 EMERSON ELECTRIC CO 445,100 398,700 100,700 86,400 12,298,600 11,149,900

 HONEYWELL INC... 446,600 353,300 57,500 53,000 8,027,500 7,311,600

 KLA-TENCOR CORP... 134,105 52,800 3,600 2,500 1,031,824 694,867

 LTX CORP.. 23,350 22,927 950 1,032 194,343 266,476

 MILLIPORE CORP... 56,299 38,429 4,754 3,482 758,919 618,735

 PERKIN-ELMER CORP.. 132,461 102,331 5,685 5,697 1,276,766 1,162,949

 QUICKTURN DESIGN SYSTEMS INC. 23,499 18,548 382 333 110,404 104,370

 ROBOTIC VISION SYSTEMS INC... 23,410 14,679 800 509 152,103 111,022

 SEPRACOR INC.. 43,055 35,828 149 128 15,337 15,041

 SNAP-ON INC... 46,500 42,400 11,700 10,600 1,744,106 1,549,548

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars] [In thousands of dollars]
43

Page 8 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Laboratory controlling & measuring 

 instrumentscontinued

 TERADYNE INC... 162,500 143,931 6,300 5,000 1,266,274 1,171,615

 THERMO ELECTRON CORP... 191,629 154,448 22,400 17,760 3,558,320 2,932,558

 THERMO INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS. 107,613 80,591 9,398 6,870 1,592,314 1,209,362

 THERMO OPTEK CORP... 28,061 21,979 2,341 2,065 466,935 350,639

 THERMOQUEST CORP.. 28,152 21,821 2,090 1,270 438,863 313,793

 TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD.. 40,662 36,705 1,292 1,094 272,305 233,660

 VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC. 110,750 110,140 6,500 6,700 1,425,824 1,599,361

 WATERS CORP 80,750 40,198 2,640 1,865 465,470 391,113

 Modems & other wired telephone 

 equipment... 4,010,990 2,528,341 167,125 146,686 33,740,146 21,513,525

 ADC TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC.. 122,638 90,038 5,924 4,620 1,164,450 828,009

 ADTRAN INC... 30,055 24,647 1,011 894 265,335 250,121

 ADVANCED FIBRE COMM INC... 25,726 14,413 660 425 267,858 130,193

 ASPECT TELECOMMUNICATIONS 45,723 34,585 1,610 1,330 390,642 308,703

 BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES INC... 28,062 22,785 300 333 15,012 23,144

 CIENA CORP... 23,308 8,922 841 225 373,827 54,838

 COMVERSE TECHNOLOGY INC... 38,659 27,441 2,827 1,243 280,281 197,181

 DSC COMMUNICATIONS CORP. 252,089 210,091 6,681 6,367 1,575,479 1,380,891

 GENERAL DATACOMM INDS. 40,876 34,121 1,727 1,849 207,766 235,129

 LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC... 3,100,620 1,838,000 134,000 124,000 26,360,000 15,859,000

 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES INC.. 31,982 18,593 640 486 282,325 205,409

 PICTURETEL CORP.. 79,523 60,089 1,544 1,496 466,425 482,532

 RELTEC CORP... 33,600 37,400 5,273 NA 887,200 689,400

 TELLABS INC.. 158,129 107,216 4,087 3,418 1,203,546 868,975

 Multiple and miscellaneous computer &

 data processing services... 540,442 484,471 42,567 39,032 6,885,293 5,477,307

 AMERICA ONLINE INC 58,208 70,798 7,371 5,828 1,685,228 1,093,854

 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING 296,544 249,635 30,000 29,000 4,112,186 3,566,597

 BARRA INC 28,914 17,200 696 504 137,377 104,762

 INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS INC.. 68,927 40,864 NA NA 88,351 41,785

 SUNGARD DATA SYSTEMS INC.. 87,849 105,974 4,500 3,700 862,151 670,309

 Opthalmic goods, photogrph. equp. & 

 clocks... 2,616,313 2,546,710 223,806 216,101 39,586,587 40,448,717

 AVID TECHNOLOGY INC. 74,363 72,590 1,599 1,663 471,338 429,009

 BAUSCH & LOMB INC... 67,500 75,500 13,000 13,000 1,915,700 1,926,800

 EASTMAN KODAK CO. 1,047,700 1,028,000 97,500 94,800 14,538,000 15,968,000

 IMATION CORP.... 194,900 183,100 9,800 9,400 2,201,800 2,278,200

 POLAROID CORP. 122,800 116,300 9,931 9,996 2,146,400 2,275,200

 ULTRATECH STEPPER INC... 30,050 27,220 576 542 147,349 193,508

 XEROX CORP. 1,079,000 1,044,000 91,400 86,700 18,166,000 17,378,000

See explanatory information and source at end of table

 adjusted R&D

[In thousands of dollars]

Employees Sales

Validated or 

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

[In thousands of dollars]
44

Page 9 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Prepackaged software.. 6,619,062 5,188,104 160,331 141,851 44,120,965 34,975,753

 ACCLAIM ENMNT INC 30,824 34,582 680 930 165,411 252,469

 ACTIVISION INC 28,393 18,195 667 366 259,926 86,483

 ADOBE SYSTEMS INC 176,831 174,165 2,654 2,222 911,894 786,563

 ASPEN TECHNOLOGY INC 31,153 20,208 1,239 1,040 180,299 103,609

 AUTODESK INC 122,419 93,740 2,470 2,044 632,358 509,630

 AVANT CORP.. 29,559 20,696 701 444 147,348 106,087

 BAAN COMPANY NV 90,849 42,136 4,254 2,389 679,596 387,958

 BEA SYSTEMS INC 43,008 80,431 800 459 157,189 61,598

 BMC SOFTWARE INC 94,923 77,459 2,770 1,813 730,634 563,210

 BOOLE & BABBAGE INC 25,881 19,273 880 780 197,097 167,178

 BRODERBUND SOFTWARE INC 67,767 37,613 1,129 638 190,787 186,207

 CADENCE DESIGN SYS INC 146,946 211,011 3,945 3,190 915,893 741,459

 CHECKFREE HOLDINGS CORP 172,869 NA 1,444 1,200 176,445 76,789

 COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTL INC 369,000 437,000 NA 9,850 4,719,000 4,040,000

 COMPUWARE CORP 57,576 66,284 8,663 6,609 1,139,318 812,896

 EDWARDS J D & CO 60,591 40,321 3,577 NA 647,812 478,048

 ELECTRONIC ARTS INC 146,199 118,103 2,100 1,700 908,852 624,766

 FILENET CORP... 39,575 36,502 1,490 1,443 251,425 268,913

 FTP SOFTWARE INC 27,044 31,268 350 804 67,734 101,091

 HARBINGER CORP 29,196 NA 1,032 680 120,675 41,725

 HYPERION SOFTWARE CORP 33,046 28,839 1,226 1,038 222,830 172,824

 I2 TECHNOLOGIES INC 48,720 14,661 1,006 426 200,706 76,342

 IDX SYSTEMS CORP 38,602 23,974 1,883 1,248 251,417 157,579

 INDUS INTERNATIONAL INC 27,664 12,493 896 463 177,034 75,939

 INFINIUM SOFTWARE INC 23,460 13,775 549 466 87,001 71,808

 INFORMIX CORP 146,310 120,211 3,489 4,491 662,298 727,849

 INSO CORP 28,760 18,862 439 417 81,869 70,534

 INTERSOLV 24,231 17,555 1,073 986 196,480 160,413

 INTUIT INC 104,027 83,601 3,000 3,474 598,925 538,608

 MANUGISTICS GROUP INC 31,665 17,380 NA 598 175,666 94,722

 MARCAM SOLUTIONS INC... 34,301 27,680 701 NA 163,880 201,424

 MICROPROSE INC 29,038 23,145 385 390 60,009 100,253

 MICROSOFT CORP 1,925,000 1,432,000 22,232 20,561 11,358,000 8,671,000

 MIDWAY GAMES INC. 55,941 32,495 400 326 388,226 245,423

 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS CORP. 30,296 24,387 1,465 1,142 240,879 200,715

 NETMANAGE INC 41,313 41,322 440 632 61,524 104,596

 NETSCAPE COMMUNICATIONS CORP 129,900 83,900 2,310 1,811 533,851 346,195

 NETWORKS ASSOCIATES INC 85,021 32,091 1,600 481 612,193 181,126

 NOVEL INC.. 282,680 275,627 4,770 5,870 1,007,311 1,374,856

 ON TECHNOLOGY CORP 28,359 22,741 142 288 41,282 51,792

 OPEN MARKET INC 26,732 16,393 NA NA 61,260 22,501

 ORACLE CORP.. 719,143 555,476 36,802 29,431 7,143,866 5,684,336

 PARAMETRIC TECHNOLOGY CORP 53,236 39,476 3,432 2,774 808,796 600,122

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars] [In thousands of dollars]
45

Page 10 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Prepackaged softwarecontinued

 PEOPLESOFT INC 129,553 NA 4,452 2,490 815,651 450,052

 PHOENIX TECHNOLOGIES LTD 26,349 20,628 572 490 82,129 72,136

 PROGREE SOFTWARE CORP... 37,797 23,951 1,090 1,108 188,314 176,690

 QAD INC. 29,317 25,623 917 700 172,234 126,444

 RATIONAL SOFTWARE CORP 61,560 24,445 1,743 845 310,670 145,373

 SANTA CRUZ OPERATION INC 46,130 74,968 1,082 1,188 193,660 207,890

 STERLING COMMERCE INC 24,853 15,553 1,700 1,266 350,597 267,773

 STERLING SOFTWARE INC 23,114 20,921 3,100 2,600 488,978 439,171

 STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS RESEARCH 49,407 30,719 2,067 1,637 351,322 285,256

 SYBASE INC.. 138,590 164,676 5,216 5,484 903,937 1,011,545

 SYMANTEC CORP.. 91,332 91,974 2,300 2,000 578,361 472,183

 SYNOPSYS INC 116,059 85,373 1,961 1,716 499,145 353,500

 SYSTEM SOFTWARE ASSOC INC.. 51,700 54,400 2,400 2,200 430,500 340,800

 USCS INTL INC 30,034 25,140 2,067 2,038 299,346 263,214

 VERITAS SOFTWARE CO.. 25,219 12,662 579 175 121,125 36,090

 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite 

 communication eq..... 3,625,457 3,105,954 215,681 203,556 41,264,513 38,114,473

 ALLEN TELECOM INC 26,137 20,721 3,300 2,900 432,508 369,498

 GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP 207,826 209,257 7,350 14,200 1,764,088 2,689,688

 GLENAYRE TECHNOLOGIES INC 40,425 28,983 2,400 2,150 451,679 390,246

 HARRIS CORP.. 174,900 159,800 29,000 27,600 3,797,200 3,621,200

 MOTOROLA INC.. 2,748,000 2,394,000 150,000 139,000 29,794,000 27,973,000

 P-COM INC.. 29,127 17,477 754 251 220,702 97,515

 PITTWAY CORP/DE -CL A 24,316 18,077 7,800 6,800 1,348,703 1,111,575

 QUALCOMM INC.... 235,922 162,340 9,000 6,000 2,096,365 813,850

 SCIENTIFIC-ATLANTA INC. 114,344 95,299 5,343 4,173 1,168,245 1,047,901

 VTEL CORP... 24,460 NA 734 482 191,023 NA 

 Search & navigation equipment... 767,577 665,550 206,700 158,400 27,607,499 24,474,511

 LITTON INDUSTRIES INC 70,122 65,100 31,500 33,500 4,175,524 3,611,538

 NORTHROP-GRUMMAN CORP 256,000 255,000 52,000 46,600 9,153,000 8,071,000

 ORBITAL SCIENCES CORP. 26,355 22,179 4,000 3,000 605,975 461,435

 RAYTHEON CO -CL B 415,100 323,271 119,200 75,300 13,673,000 12,330,538

Machinery & electrical equipment. 7,038,500 6,373,475 1,162,838 1,048,357 247,446,687 227,234,899

 Electrical equipment (industrial & 

 household). 3,070,656 2,923,595 532,873 502,174 126,878,992 118,471,897

 COOPER INDUSTRIES INC.. 60,900 57,300 41,200 42,400 5,288,800 5,283,700

 EATON CORP. 319,000 267,000 49,000 54,000 7,563,000 6,961,000

 EVANS & SUTHERLAND CMP CORP... 25,492 21,753 831 784 159,353 130,564

 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 1,480,000 1,421,000 276,000 239,000 88,540,000 78,541,000

 GENERAL SIGNAL CORP. 45,700 47,500 9,900 13,000 1,954,600 2,065,000

 KOMAG INC. 51,427 29,409 4,689 4,027 631,082 577,791

 MAGNETEK INC 23,600 21,500 13,800 13,000 1,190,540 1,161,625

 MAYTAG CORP 50,201 47,996 22,433 20,464 3,407,911 3,001,656

 RAYCHEM CORP 119,336 122,137 8,650 8,697 1,764,706 1,671,561

 ROCKWELL INTL CORP.. 714,000 691,000 45,000 58,639 7,762,000 10,373,000

See explanatory information and source at end of table

 adjusted R&D

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Employees Sales

Validated or 

[In thousands of dollars]
46

Page 11 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 mining & construction)... 3,967,844 3,449,880 629,965 546,183 120,567,695 108,763,002

 WHIRLPOOL CORP 181,000 197,000 61,370 48,163 8,617,000 8,705,000

 AGCO CORP 54,100 27,705 10,997 7,801 3,224,400 2,317,486

 AMERN STANDARD CO INC 112,000 81,000 51,000 44,000 6,007,509 5,804,561

 APPLIED MATERIALS INC 567,612 481,394 13,924 11,403 4,074,275 4,144,817

 BAKER-HUGHES INC 59,500 44,019 21,250 16,800 3,685,400 3,027,730

 BLACK & DECKER CORP 99,100 101,300 28,600 29,200 4,940,500 4,914,400

 CAMCO INTERNATIONAL INC 33,160 26,267 5,500 4,570 913,841 672,732

 CASE CORP.. 196,000 193,000 18,300 17,500 6,024,000 5,409,000

 CATERPILLAR INC. 528,000 410,000 59,863 57,026 18,925,000 16,522,000

 CINCINNATI MILACRON INC 50,100 49,000 12,751 12,598 1,896,700 1,729,700

 CUMMINS ENGINE 250,000 235,000 26,300 23,500 5,625,000 5,257,000

 CYMER INC 24,971 11,742 809 336 203,647 64,995

 DEERE & CO... 412,300 370,300 34,400 33,919 12,636,400 11,086,400

 DETROIT DIESEL CORP... 97,500 105,200 6,500 6,200 2,163,900 1,962,900

 DOVER CORP.. 114,392 98,857 28,758 26,234 4,547,656 4,076,284

 ETEC SYSTEMS INC 34,373 17,402 902 686 240,914 145,645

 FSI INTL INC 39,713 40,998 1,357 1,412 252,441 304,041

 GENERAL SCANNING INC... 32,902 18,400 915 779 181,530 156,533

 HARNISCHFEGER INDUSTRIES INC.. 40,094 34,471 17,700 17,100 3,118,243 2,887,570

 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS.. 52,021 55,800 25,700 24,400 5,220,430 4,996,681

 INGERSOLL-RAND CO.. 215,500 209,300 46,567 41,874 7,103,300 6,647,900

 INTEGRATED PROCESS EQ 23,951 19,871 965 1,042 144,688 184,500

 KENNAMETAL INC. 24,105 20,585 7,550 7,260 1,156,343 1,079,963

 KULICKE & SOFFA INDUSTRIES... 46,030 50,404 2,319 1,925 501,907 381,176

 LAM RESEARCH CORP 170,624 173,013 4,800 4,500 1,002,404 1,276,884

 NACCO INDUSTRIES -CL A 27,900 27,000 13,400 11,800 2,246,900 2,273,200

 NORDSON CORP.. 29,812 30,471 4,024 3,823 636,710 609,444

 NOVELLUS SYSTEMS INC 89,876 53,902 1,776 1,143 534,004 461,736

 PALL CORP  53,747 47,514 8,500 7,700 1,062,008 960,376

 PREMARK INTERNATIONAL INC... 46,000 39,000 17,200 16,300 2,406,800 2,267,600

 PRI AUTOMATION INC.. 24,634 17,089 928 701 169,465 110,684

 SILICON VALLEY GROUP INC.. 73,901 66,974 3,389 3,072 594,957 639,928

 SPX CORP... 24,100 24,600 4,593 7,125 922,316 1,109,422

 TECUMSEH PRODUCTS CO -CL A 32,600 30,400 17,400 16,300 1,728,300 1,784,600

 THERMEDICS INC.. 24,270 17,704 1,876 1,564 307,666 258,085

 TIMKEN CO..... 43,000 41,000 20,994 19,130 2,617,562 2,394,757

 TORO CO. 36,574 31,343 3,908 3,280 1,051,204 930,909

 TYCO INTERNATIONAL LTD... 45,000 33,480 75,400 40,000 7,588,200 5,089,828

 UNOVA INC...  53,100 29,700 7,060 NA 1,426,247 1,164,682

 WATKINS-JOHNSON.. 54,682 56,675 1,520 2,080 291,271 438,319

 YORK INTL... 30,600 28,000 20,270 20,100 3,193,657 3,218,534

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Validated or 

 adjusted R&D Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars] [In thousands of dollars]
47

Page 12 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

Medical substances & devices... 19,849,094 17,635,079 682,214 658,802 167,633,078 153,625,048

 Drugs: biological products, except diagnostic 

 substances... 1,504,594 1,216,684 15,235 12,671 4,106,957 3,552,625

 AMGEN INC. 630,800 528,300 5,308 4,646 2,401,000 2,239,800

 AVIRON... 24,254 14,997 NA NA 1,477 1,625

 BIOGEN INC... 145,501 132,384 797 675 411,909 259,704

 CELL GENESYS INC. 36,830 5,987 151 147 24,703 26,371

 CENTOCOR INC.. 68,623 56,787 640 545 200,784 135,485

 CREATIVE BIOMOLECULES INC. 25,122 15,651 212 191 13,087 21,156

 CYTOTHERAPEUTICS INC... 26,947 17,130 120 127 10,617 7,104

 GENZYME CORP. 74,200 55,529 3,500 3,516 608,841 518,754

 GILEAD SCIENCES INC. 59,162 41,881 289 248 40,037 33,420

 HYBRIDON INC... 46,828 39,391 78 206 2,870 2,562

 IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP... 32,407 26,763 339 268 35,340 30,009

 IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP/DE. 34,090 27,211 143 146 2,000 7,000

 IMMUNEX CORP 109,312 96,612 886 808 185,297 151,198

 LIPOSOME COMPANY INC 28,894 29,371 280 407 60,783 56,068

 MEDIMMUNE INC. 40,669 32,192 344 252 80,964 41,099

 NEUREX CORP.. 28,474 19,662 140 75 2,392 3,576

 PATHOGENESIS CORP... 28,018 20,673 159 115 442 440

 SUGEN INC. 34,585 29,792 189 160 6,031 13,650

 XOMA CORP.. 29,878 26,371 1,660 139 18,383 3,604

 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic

 substances... 592,959 512,323 15,606 18,830 3,091,440 3,512,260

 ALLIANCE PHARMACEUTICAL CP... 43,278 33,730 213 194 44,580 17,323

 CHIRON CORP... 296,455 267,303 6,482 7,434 1,055,702 1,210,783

 CYTOGEN CORP.. 24,258 19,815 167 164 14,420 5,730

 HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC.. 46,140 40,472 353 284 25,605 36,460

 MALLINCKRODT INC 108,000 116,200 7,871 10,395 1,861,200 2,210,200

 MILLENNIUM PHARMACTCLS INC. 74,828 34,803 520 359 89,933 31,764

 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations. 15,733,395 14,138,527 514,369 499,991 137,359,581 125,980,191

 ABBOTT LABORATORIES.. 1,302,403 1,204,841 54,487 52,817 11,883,462 11,013,460

 AGOURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC... 108,137 71,010 708 374 132,063 55,955

 ALLERGAN INC... 131,200 118,300 6,112 6,124 1,149,000 1,147,000

 ALPHA BETA TECHNOLOGY INC 27,392 25,675 103 170 81 138

 ALPHARMA INC -CL A 32,068 34,269 2,600 2,550 500,288 486,184

 ALTEON INC.... 23,264 17,494 47 54 NA NA 

 ALZA CORP.. 30,600 26,800 1,532 1,652 464,400 406,300

 AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORP.. 1,558,035 1,429,056 60,523 59,747 14,196,026 14,088,326

 AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC 82,281 64,998 278 214 42,609 35,803

 AXYS PHARMACEUTICALS INC..... 31,050 24,319 395 160 24,814 21,560

 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB.. 1,385,000 1,276,000 53,600 51,200 16,701,000 15,065,000

 CELL THERAPEUTICS INC... 27,285 16,109 179 118 11,831 9,121

 CEPHALON INC... 51,587 62,096 282 303 23,140 21,366

See explanatory information and source at end of table

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Validated or 

Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars]

 adjusted R&D

[In thousands of dollars]
48

Page 13 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparationscontinued

 COCENSYS INC... 23,308 18,771 90 176 11,914 15,158

 COR THERAPEUTICS INC.. 47,831 50,617 182 177 22,190 18,755

 GENENTECH INC.. 403,327 434,092 3,242 3,071 947,588 846,368

 GENSIA SICOR INC. 55,318 31,081 NA 474 149,681 58,302

 GUILFORD PHARMACEUTICAL INC.. 30,293 17,850 198 138 23,828 28,020

 ICOS CORPORATION 42,783 30,011 252 212 31,576 2,000

 INHALE THERAPEUTIC SYSTEMS... 23,645 14,376 147 92 16,249 6,890

 INTERNEURON PHARMACEUTICALS.. 53,909 26,408 171 139 67,863 22,497

 ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC... 24,940 16,653 338 287 32,470 22,572

 IVAX CORP..... 53,409 73,353 4,500 8,162 602,110 1,151,307

 JOHNSON & JOHNSON... 2,140,000 1,905,000 90,500 89,300 22,629,000 21,620,000

 LILLY (ELI) & CO 1,382,000 1,189,500 31,100 29,200 8,517,600 7,346,600

 MATRIX PHARMACEUTICAL INC. 27,214 24,320 105 157 NA NA 

 MERCK & CO.... 1,683,700 1,487,300 53,800 49,100 23,636,900 19,828,699

 MYLAN LABORATORIES 46,278 42,633 1,946 1,750 555,423 440,192

 NEXSTAR PHARMACEUTICALS. 49,315 46,560 558 543 92,221 88,701

 PFIZER INC... 1,928,000 1,684,000 49,200 47,000 12,504,000 11,306,000

 PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC... 1,217,000 1,266,000 30,000 31,700 6,710,000 7,286,000

 REGENERON PHARMACEUT. 27,770 28,269 270 243 26,858 19,754

 SCHERER (R P)/D 25,386 19,979 3,600 3,500 620,716 588,699

 SCHERING-PLOUGH.. 847,000 722,800 22,700 20,600 6,778,000 5,655,800

 SEQUUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC.. 32,474 27,652 260 247 39,952 32,923

 VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC 51,624 35,212 223 181 29,926 13,341

 VIMRX PHARMACEUTICALS INC.. 54,369 20,323 141 59 5,002 NA 

 WARNER-LAMBERT CO..... 672,200 554,800 40,000 38,000 8,179,800 7,231,400

 Medical instruments.. 2,018,146 1,767,545 137,004 127,310 23,075,100 20,579,972

 ACUSON CORP.. 57,286 60,926 1,815 1,777 437,762 346,155

 AFFYMETRIX INC.. 28,168 18,800 242 161 19,765 11,972

 ATL ULTRASOUND INC.. 59,710 53,969 2,669 2,703 431,244 419,157

 BARD (C.R.) INC.. 85,800 77,300 9,550 9,800 1,213,500 1,194,400

 BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC.. 392,000 340,000 41,000 37,000 6,138,000 5,438,000

 BECTON DICKINSON & CO... 180,626 154,220 18,900 17,900 2,810,523 2,769,756

 BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP. 196,669 212,295 11,000 9,580 1,872,282 1,462,043

 DATASCOPE CORP.. 26,815 24,275 1,200 1,200 225,600 211,300

 DEPUY INC... 28,419 21,693 3,217 2,926 770,188 697,273

 GUIDANT CORP... 208,300 152,500 6,017 4,449 1,328,200 1,048,500

 INCONTROL INC.. 24,927 23,112 223 169 1,976 306

 MARQUETTE MEDICAL SYS.. 52,594 48,106 3,125 3,150 578,260 543,317

 MEDTRONIC INC.. 297,177 280,214 13,954 13,719 2,604,819 2,438,224

 SPACELABS MED INC.... 65,581 37,090 1,600 1,374 265,279 247,953

 ST JUDE MEDICAL INC. 104,693 74,841 3,772 3,620 994,396 808,780

 STERIS CORP.. 23,914 21,986 4,500 4,000 719,656 587,852

 STRYKER CORP.. 56,895 64,370 5,691 5,274 980,135 910,060

See explanatory information and source at end of table

 adjusted R&D

Validated or 

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Employees Sales

[In thousands of dollars] [In thousands of dollars]
49

Page 14 of 14

Major & detailed industrial sector/

corporation 1997 19961 1997 19961 1997 19961

 Medical instrumentscontinued

 THERMOTREX CORP... 32,067 24,986 1,712 1,383 282,121 182,029

 TREX MEDICAL CORP... 24,705 18,862 1,041 992 229,294 150,195

 U.S. SURGICAL CORP 71,800 58,000 5,776 6,133 1,172,100 1,112,700

Motor vehicles & other surface 

 transportation equipment... 18,380,209 19,293,486 1,549,581 1,555,668 455,837,250 433,585,092

 Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 campers, military tanks 286,808 250,714 85,060 76,051 12,868,704 11,380,938

 BRUNSWICK CORP... 89,400 86,500 25,300 22,800 3,657,400 3,160,300

 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP... 55,000 38,000 29,000 23,100 4,062,000 3,581,000

 HARLEY-DAVIDSON INC.. 53,300 37,700 6,060 5,470 1,829,567 1,577,737

 NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING.. 38,000 42,000 18,400 18,000 1,707,000 1,870,000

 POLARIS INDS INC. 26,722 28,270 2,900 3,500 1,048,296 1,191,901

 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE CO. 24,386 18,244 3,400 3,181 564,441 453,512

 Motor vehicles & motor vehicle 

 equipment... 18,093,401 19,042,772 1,464,521 1,479,617 442,968,546 422,204,154

 ARVIN INDUSTRIES INC.. 25,300 26,200 14,324 12,982 2,349,000 2,212,700

 BORG WARNER AUTO... 59,000 54,400 10,400 9,800 1,767,000 1,540,100

 BREED TECHNOLOGIES INC... 36,121 24,090 11,100 7,000 794,973 435,665

 CHRYSLER CORP... 1,700,000 1,600,000 121,000 126,000 58,622,000 59,333,000

 DANA CORP... 193,000 164,000 47,900 46,100 8,769,400 7,889,500

 ECHLIN INC. 51,844 44,711 31,300 27,700 3,568,572 3,128,728

 EXCEL INDUSTRIES INC.. 25,245 17,237 6,652 6,107 962,333 887,741

 FORD MOTOR CO.. 6,327,000 6,821,000 363,892 371,702 153,627,000 146,991,000

 GENERAL MOTORS CORP.. 8,200,000 8,900,000 608,000 647,000 168,190,000 160,121,000

 ITT INDUSTRIES INC 496,900 535,200 58,500 59,000 8,777,100 8,718,100

 MERITOR AUTOMOTIVE INC... 54,000 51,000 16,900 15,300 3,309,000 3,144,000

 NAVISTAR INTERNATIONAL.. 92,000 101,000 16,168 14,187 6,321,000 5,705,000

 PACCAR INC. 84,000 47,000 19,000 17,000 6,751,900 4,584,700

 STANDARD PRODUCTS CO... 45,991 40,934 10,350 10,177 1,108,268 1,083,920

 TENNECO INC. 53,000 60,000 49,335 44,362 7,220,000 6,572,000

 TRW INC.... 650,000 556,000 79,700 65,200 10,831,000 9,857,000

 adjusted R&D

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 3. Top 500 firms for R&D in 1997, by industrial sector

Employees Sales

Validated or 

[In thousands of dollars]

1 Note that the 1996 aggregates, for major and minor sectors, of R&D expenditures, employees and sales, are in reference to the top 500 firms of 1997,

 not the top 500 firms of 1996, which is a somewhat different list of firms. Therefore, in comparing 1996 to 1997 changes in these aggregates, it is

 generally preferable to use 1996 aggregates of the top 500 firms in 1996, which are provided in table 4.

KEY: NA = not available.

SOURCE: Standard & Poor's Compustat, Englewood, CO
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

All of the top 500 corporations 

 (across all industries)............................................ .............................................................. 102,212,335 111,368,541 100.00 9.0 10,673,673 10,650,175 -0.2 

Aircraft, guided missiles &

 space vehicles 4,177,500 4,672,800 4.20 11.9 736,783 762,298 3.5 

 ALLIEDSIGNAL INC............................................. ALLIEDSIGNAL INC................................... 345,000 349,000 0.31 1.2 76,600 70,500 -8.0 

 BOEING CO....................................................... BOEING CO........................................... 1,200,000 1,924,000 1.73 60.3 143,000 238,000 66.4 

 GENCORP INC.................................................. GENCORP INC................................................. 31,000 28,000 0.03 -9.7 8,950 9,460 5.7 

 GOODRICH (B F) CO.......................................... GOODRICH (B F) CO.......................................... 100,500 101,800 0.09 1.3 14,160 16,838 18.9 

 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP.................................. LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP......................... 784,000 788,000 0.71 0.5 190,000 173,000 -8.9 

 SUNDSTRAND CORP........................................ SUNDSTRAND CORP................................55,000 73,000 0.07 32.7 9,400 10,400 10.6 

 TEXTRON INC.................................................. TEXTRON INC........................................... 185,000 222,000 0.20 20.0 57,000 64,000 12.3 

 UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP............................. UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP................. 1,122,000 1,187,000 1.07 5.8 173,800 180,100 3.6 

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP........................... 355,000 63,873 

Basic industries & materials 7,963,432 8,355,329 7.50 4.9 2,057,850 2,056,390 -0.1 

 Agr. services; forestry; fishing;

 mining; construction 183,600 203,300 0.18 10.7 6,620 7,031 6.2 

 DEKALB GENETICS CORP -CL B...................... DEKALB GENETICS CORP -CL B...................47,600 57,300 0.05 20.4 1,882 2,037 8.2 

 PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONL.................. PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONL.............. 136,000 146,000 0.13 7.4 4,738 4,994 5.4 

 Fabricated metal products, except

 machinery & transp. eq. 476,244 508,038 0.46 6.7 176,762 172,812 -2.2 

 AEROQUIP-VICKERS INC.............................. AEROQUIP-VICKERS INC.........................74,892 72,161 0.06 -3.6 15,162 14,780 -2.5 

 CROWN CORK & SEAL CO INC......................... CROWN CORK & SEAL CO INC................ 51,500 53,100 0.05 3.1 44,611 40,985 -8.1 

 DANAHER CORP............................................ DANAHER CORP.......................................46,964 57,008 0.05 21.4 11,600 13,200 13.8 

 FORTUNE BRANDS INC................................... FORTUNE BRANDS INC............................40,200 46,600 0.04 15.9 28,000 24,920 -11.0 

 GILLETTE CO............................................... GILLETTE CO............................................ 204,000 212,000 0.19 3.9 44,100 44,000 -0.2 

 PARKER-HANNIFIN CORP................................ PARKER-HANNIFIN CORP....................... 58,688 67,169 0.06 14.5 33,289 34,927 4.9 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employ

R&D Employment 

In thousands of dollars 

Number of employees Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

50
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Food & kindred products; 

 tobacco products 1,195,600 1,187,900 1.07 -0.6 457,534 441,424 -3.5 

 BEST FOODS................................................ BEST FOODS.............................................73,000 66,000 0.06 -9.6 55,300 44,200 -20.1 

 CAMPBELL SOUP CO...................................... CAMPBELL SOUP CO................................84,000 77,000 0.07 -8.3 40,650 37,000 -9.0 

 HERSHEY FOODS CORP.................................. HERSHEY FOODS CORP..........................26,100 27,500 0.02 5.4 15,300 16,200 5.9 

 KELLOGG CO............................................... KELLOGG CO........................................... 84,300 106,100 0.10 25.9 14,511 14,339 -1.2 

 NABISCO HLDGS CORP -CL A........................... NABISCO HLDGS CORP -CL A.................... 105,000 95,000 0.09 -9.5 54,000 53,000 -1.9 

 PHILIP MORRIS COS INC................................ PHILIP MORRIS COS INC...........................515,000 533,000 0.48 3.5 154,000 152,000 -1.3 

 QUAKER OATS CO......................................... QUAKER OATS CO...................................33,000 34,900 0.03 5.8 14,800 14,123 -4.6 

 RALSTON PURINA CO.................................... RALSTON PURINA CO..............................84,200 70,400 0.06 -16.4 29,273 30,162 3.0 

 RJR NABISCO HLDGS CORP................................. RJR NABISCO HLDGS CORP............................. 191,000 178,000 0.16 -6.8 79,700 80,400 0.9 

 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 433,083 543,085 0.49 25.4 162,303 185,603 14.4 

 BE AEROSPACE INC.................................. BE AEROSPACE INC...................................37,083 45,685 0.04 23.2 3,140 NA NA 

 HILLENBRAND INDUSTRIES............................. HILLENBRAND INDUSTRIES......................42,000 49,000 0.04 16.7 9,800 10,100 3.1 

 JOHNSON CONTROLS INC.............................. JOHNSON CONTROLS INC............................ 165,000 232,000 0.21 40.6 65,800 72,300 9.9 

 LEAR CORP.................................................. LEAR CORP.............................................70,000 90,400 0.08 29.1 43,902 51,025 16.2 

 STEELCASE INC............................................ STEELCASE INC.......................................65,000 70,000 0.06 7.7 NA 16,400 NA 

 WEYERHAEUSER CO....................................... WEYERHAEUSER CO................................ 54,000 56,000 0.05 3.7 39,661 35,778 -9.8 

 Misc. products (leather, toys,

 jewelry, musical inst.) 304,429 372,432 0.33 22.3 41,800 42,262 1.1 

 CALLAWAY GOLD CO....................... 30,298 0.03 2,662 

 HASBRO INC................................................ HASBRO INC............................................ 152,487 154,710 0.14 1.5 13,000 12,000 -7.7 

 INTL GAME TECHNOLOGY............................... INTL GAME TECHNOLOGY.......................... 25,701 31,074 0.03 20.9 2,800 2,600 -7.1 

 MATTEL INC.................................................. MATTEL INC.............................................126,241 156,350 0.14 23.9 26,000 25,000 -3.8 

 Printing, publishing, & allied

 industries 98,413 159,472 0.14 62.0 19,388 21,447 10.6 

 DOW JONES & CO INC......................................... DOW JONES & CO INC............................73,974 116,420 0.10 57.4 11,844 12,309 3.9 

 REYNOLDS & REYNOLDS -CL A........................ REYNOLDS & REYNOLDS -CL A.....................24,439 43,052 0.04 76.2 7,544 9,138 21.13 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employ

R&D Employment 

51
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete

 products 360,791 412,266 0.37 14.3 80,900 90,200 11.5 

 CORNING INC.............................................. CORNING INC........................................... 191,300 250,700 0.23 31.1 20,000 20,500 2.5 

 DONNELLY CORP............................................. DONNELLY CORP...................................... 27,728 32,492 0.03 17.2 3,100 5,000 61.3 

 JOHNS MANVILLE INTL GRP INC...................... JOHNS MANVILLE INTL GRP INC................... 32,663 31,174 0.03 -4.6 8,100 8,300 2.5 

 OWENS CORNING....................................... OWENS CORNING....................................78,000 69,000 0.06 -11.5 18,900 24,000 27.0 

 OWENS-ILLINOIS INC.................................. OWENS-ILLINOIS INC................................31,100 28,900 0.03 -7.1 30,800 32,400 5.2 

 Textile & apparel products 73,449 77,091 0.07 5.0 10,454 10,681 2.2 

 ALBANY INTL CORP -CL A.............................. ALBANY INTL CORP -CL A.................................. 21,945 23,070 0.02 5.1 5,854 5,881 0.5 

 DEXTER CORP.............................................. DEXTER CORP..........................................51,504 54,021 0.05 4.9 4,600 4,800 4.3 

 Oil & gas extraction; petrol.

 refining & related ind. 2,367,808 2,474,105 2.22 4.5 494,235 509,180 3.0 

 AMOCO CORP............................................. AMOCO CORP......................................... 171,000 151,000 0.14 -11.7 41,723 43,451 4.1 

 ASHLAND INC............................................. ASHLAND INC................................................... 27,000 29,000 0.03 7.4 36,100 37,200 3.0 

 ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO.............................. ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO......................... 106,000 120,000 0.11 13.2 22,800 24,000 5.3 

 CHEVRON CORP.......................................... CHEVRON CORP...................................... 182,000 179,000 0.16 -1.6 40,820 39,362 -3.6 

 DRESSER INDUSTRIES INC............................. DRESSER INDUSTRIES INC.......................... 110,600 120,000 0.11 8.5 33,172 31,300 -5.6 

 EXXON CORP............................................. EXXON CORP............................................ 520,000 529,000 0.47 1.7 79,000 80,000 1.3 

 HALLIBURTON CO.......................................... HALLIBURTON CO...................................... 133,300 164,700 0.15 23.6 60,000 70,750 17.9 

 MOBIL CORP................................................... MOBIL CORP........................................... 206,000 234,000 0.21 13.6 43,000 42,700 -0.7 

 PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO.............................. PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO...........................59,000 56,000 0.05 -5.1 17,200 17,100 -0.6 

 SCHLUMBERGER LTD..................................... SCHLUMBERGER LTD..............................452,608 486,205 0.44 7.4 57,000 63,500 11.4 

 SHELL OIL CO.............................................. SHELL OIL CO......................................... 173,000 199,000 0.18 15.0 20,463 19,904 -2.7 

 TEXACO INC............................................... TEXACO INC.............................................139,000 147,000 0.13 5.8 28,957 29,313 1.2 

 WESTERN ATLAS INC..................................... WESTERN ATLAS INC..............................88,300 59,200 0.05 -33.0 14,000 10,600 -24.3 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employ

R&D Employment 

52
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Paper & allied products 1,462,562 1,515,944 1.36 3.6 287,587 292,113 1.6 

 AVERY DENNISON CORP................................ AVERY DENNISON CORP..........................54,600 61,100 0.05 11.9 15,800 16,200 2.5 

 FORT JAMES CORP....................................... FORT JAMES CORP...................................... 46,400 40,900 0.04 -11.9 23,000 29,000 26.1 

 INTL PAPER CORP........................................ INTL PAPER CORP....................................112,500 99,900 0.09 -11.2 87,000 82,000 -5.7 

 KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP................................ KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP.............................. 207,900 211,800 0.19 1.9 54,800 57,000 4.0 

 MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO....................... MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO...................... 947,000 1,002,000 0.90 5.8 74,289 75,639 1.8 

 UNION CAMP CORP..................................... UNION CAMP CORP.................................. 55,900 57,300 0.05 2.5 19,268 18,904 -1.9 

 WESTVACO CORP....................................... WESTVACO CORP...................................... 38,262 42,944 0.04 12.2 13,430 13,370 -0.4 

 Ferrous metal products 91,200 60,300 0.05 -33.9 41,500 22,000 -47.0 

 ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC......................... ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC .............................. 66,200 60,300 0.05 -8.9 24,000 22,000 -8.3 

BETHLEHEM STEEL CORP................................ 25,000 17,500 

 Nonferrous metal products 324,503 286,676 0.26 -11.7 126,231 117,002 -7.3 

 ALUMINUM CO OF AMERICA...................... ALUMINUM CO OF AMERICA....................... 165,500 143,200 0.13 -13.5 76,800 81,600 6.3 

 ANDREW CORP........................................... ANDREW CORP..........................................33,003 41,076 0.04 24.5 4,622 4,227 -8.5 

 ENGELHARD CORP...................................... ENGELHARD CORP................................... 56,500 61,400 0.06 8.7 6,300 5,675 -9.9 

 REYNOLDS METALS & CO.............................. REYNOLDS METALS & CO............................ 49,000 41,000 0.04 -16.3 29,000 25,500 -12.1 

KAISER ALUMINUM CORP.............................. 20,500 9,509 

 Rubber & misc. plastic prod.

 (tires, plastic footwear, etc.) 591,750 554,720 0.50 -6.3 152,536 144,635 -5.2 

 ARMSTRONG WORLD INDS INC....................... ARMSTRONG WORLD INDS INC.............................. 59,300 47,800 0.04 -19.4 10,580 10,643 0.6 

 COLTEC INDUSTRIES.................................... COLTEC INDUSTRIES.................................44,125 46,548 0.04 5.5 8,153 9,072 11.3 

 GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO....................... GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO...................... 374,500 384,100 0.34 2.6 91,310 95,302 4.4 

 MARK IV INDUSTRIES INC.............................. MARK IV INDUSTRIES INC............................ 44,500 48,500 0.04 9.0 15,800 17,000 7.6 

 RUBBERMAID INC......................................... RUBBERMAID INC..................................... 29,505 27,772 0.02 -5.9 13,861 12,618 -9.0 

APTARGROUP INC...................................... 20,120 3,900 

COOPER TIRE & RUBBER.................................. 19,700 8,932 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employ

R&D Employment 

53
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

Chemicals 6,531,070 6,821,613 6.13 4.4 667,231 677,803 1.6 

 Industrial chem.; plastic & other

 synthetic materials 4,029,550 4,295,342 3.86 6.6 315,419 312,391 -1.0 

 AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS INC............... AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS INC..................... 114,000 113,700 0.10 -0.3 15,200 16,400 7.9 

 ALBEMARLE CORP..................................... ALBEMARLE CORP..................................... 30,442 31,446 0.03 3.3 2,800 2,700 -3.6 

 ARCO CHEMICAL CO................................. ARCO CHEMICAL CO................................... 81,000 82,000 0.07 1.2 4,000 4,200 5.0 

 BORDEN INC............................................... BORDEN INC..........................................41,100 24,900 0.02 -39.4 11,500 8,000 -30.4 

 BUSH BOAKE ALLEN INC.............................. BUSH BOAKE ALLEN INC............................... 22,481 23,640 0.02 5.2 2,103 1,964 -6.6 

 CROMPTON & KNOWLES CORP........................ CROMPTON & KNOWLES CORP........................ 52,359 53,611 0.05 2.4 5,665 5,519 -2.6 

 DOW CHEMICAL............................................ DOW CHEMICAL......................................... 761,000 785,000 0.70 3.2 40,289 42,861 6.4 

 DU PONT (E I) DE NEMOURS............................ DU PONT (E I) DE NEMOURS.......................... 1,032,000 1,142,200 1.03 10.7 97,000 98,000 1.0 

 EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO............................ EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO.............................. 184,000 191,000 0.17 3.8 17,505 16,076 -8.2 

 ETHYL CORP....................................................... ETHYL CORP..........................................47,371 42,168 0.04 -11.0 1,800 1,500 -16.7 

 FERRO CORP.............................................. FERRO CORP.............................................23,800 26,600 0.02 11.8 6,912 6,851 -0.9 

 INTL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES......................... INTL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES.............................. 93,545 94,411 0.08 0.9 4,629 4,639 0.2 

 LUBRIZOL CORP.......................................... LUBRIZOL CORP................................................. 93,400 88,400 0.08 -5.4 4,358 4,291 -1.5 

 MILLENNIUM CHEMICAL INC.......................... MILLENNIUM CHEMICAL INC.............................. 39,000 28,000 0.03 -28.2 

 MONSANTO CO........................................ MONSANTO CO......................................... 728,000 939,000 0.84 29.0 28,000 21,900 -21.8 

 OLIN CORP.................................................. OLIN CORP............................................... 39,000 29,000 0.03 -25.6 9,300 9,800 5.4 

 PRAXAIR INC............................................. PRAXAIR INC.............................................72,000 79,000 0.07 9.7 25,271 25,388 0.5 

 ROHM & HAAS CO......................................... ROHM & HAAS CO......................................... 187,000 201,000 0.18 7.5 11,633 11,592 -0.4 

 SOLUTIA INC................................................. SOLUTIA INC............................................ 81,000 60,000 0.05 -25.9 8,800 

 UNION CARBIDE CORP................................... UNION CARBIDE CORP................................ 159,000 157,000 0.14 -1.3 11,745 11,813 0.6 

 UNIVERSAL FOODS CORP.............................. UNIVERSAL FOODS CORP ............................... 29,824 31,510 0.03 5.7 4,035 4,127 2.3 

 WITCO CORP................................................ WITCO CORP............................................... 73,088 71,756 0.06 -1.8 6,724 5,970 -11.2 

INTL SPECIALTY PRODS INC.............................. 25,400 2,700 

MINERALS TECHNOLOGIES INC........................... 19,740 2,250 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

54
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints,

 fertilizers, explosives, etc.) 2,501,520 2,526,271 2.27 1.0 351,812 365,412 3.9 

 AVON PRODUCTS........................................ AVON PRODUCTS........................................ 30,200 29,900 0.03 -1.0 33,700 34,995 3.8 

 BETZDEARBORN INC..................................... BETZDEARBORN INC................................... 35,700 38,800 0.03 8.7 6,185 6,405 3.6 

 CARTER-WALLACE INC.................................. CARTER-WALLACE INC.................................27,284 28,785 0.03 5.5 3,460 3,360 -2.9 

 CLOROX CO/DE............................................ CLOROX CO/DE........................................ 45,821 50,489 0.05 10.2 5,300 5,500 3.8 

 COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO............................... COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO.............................. 162,700 169,400 0.15 4.1 37,900 37,800 -0.3 

 CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC.............................. CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC.................................. 40,200 44,700 0.04 11.2 4,700 5,200 10.6 

 ECOLAB INC............................................... ECOLAB INC............................................28,676 30,420 0.03 6.1 9,573 10,210 6.7 

 FMC CORP................................................... FMC CORP.............................................. 189,400 174,000 0.16 -8.1 22,048 16,805 -23.8 

 FULLER (H B) CO............................................ FULLER (H B) CO........................................... 25,823 24,830 0.02 -3.8 5,900 6,000 1.7 

 GRACE (W R) CO.......................................... GRACE (W R) CO.....................................93,900 42,400 0.04 -54.8 17,400 6,300 -63.8 

 GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP...................... GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP........................... 64,000 42,000 0.04 -34.4 7,000 5,100 -27.1 

 HERCULES INC............................................. HERCULES INC................................................ 56,000 53,000 0.05 -5.4 7,114 6,221 -12.6 

 LAUDER ESTEE COS INC -CL A...................... LAUDER ESTEE COS INC -CL A........................... 32,900 35,300 0.03 7.3 13,500 14,700 8.9 

 MORTON INTERNATIONAL INC......................... MORTON INTERNATIONAL INC.............................. 80,200 58,800 0.05 -26.7 14,100 10,500 -25.5 

 NALCO CHEMICAL CO.................................. NALCO CHEMICAL CO.................................41,900 43,000 0.04 2.6 6,502 6,905 6.2 

 PPG INDUSTRIES INC..................................... PPG INDUSTRIES INC .................................. 239,100 250,000 0.22 4.6 31,300 31,900 1.9 

 PROCTOR & GAMBLE CO............................... PROCTOR & GAMBLE CO................................ 1,221,000 1,282,000 1.15 5.0 103,000 106,000 2.9 

 REVLON CONSUMER PROD CP........................................... REVLON CONSUMER PROD CP...............26,300 29,700 0.03 12.9 14,300 16,000 11.9 

 SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO.......................................... 24,748 0.02 24,964 

 SMITH INTERNATIONAL INC............................ SMITH INTERNATIONAL INC...................................... 27,800 34,900 0.03 25.5 5,975 7,342 22.9 

 VALSPAR CORP............................................ VALSPAR CORP......................................... 32,616 39,099 0.04 19.9 2,855 3,205 12.3 

Engineering, accounting, & research/

 testing services 125,341 138,309 0.12 10.3 25,800 52,300 102.7 

 CERIDIAN CORP.......................................... CERIDIAN CORP..........................................82,500 70,200 0.06 -14.9 10,800 8,000 -25.9 

 EG&G INC................................................. EG&G INC................................................42,841 44,907 0.04 4.8 15,000 14,000 -6.7 

 SCIENCE APPLCTNS INTL........................................ 23,202 0.02 30,300 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

55
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

Finance, insurance, real estate 47,863 81,048 0.07 69.3 1,411 3,505 148.4 

 INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORP............................................. INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORP............................................. 21,609 24,248 0.02 12.2 278 205 -26.3 

 LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS............................. 56,800 0.05 3,300 

SEI INVESTMENTS CO..................................................... 26,254 1,133 

General services 180,118 207,689 0.19 15.3 1,232,349 905,843 -26.5 

 Other (noncomputer) bus. serv

 (advertising, equip. rental, etc.) 25,394 52,582 0.05 107.1 543 1,620 198.3 

 CELLNET DATA SYSTEMS INC........................ CELLNET DATA SYSTEMS INC............................ 25,394 27,524 0.02 8.4 543 708 30.4 

 CMG INFORMATION SERVICES INC........................... 25,058 0.02 912 

 Transportation; freight & warehousing; 

 & pipeline services 55,500 68,000 0.06 22.5 885,871 892,873 0.8 

 UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE................... UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE......................... 55,500 68,000 0.06 22.5 885,871 892,873 0.8 

 Wholesale & retail trade 99,224 87,107 0.08 -12.2 345,935 11,350 -96.7 

 CRANE CO.................................................... CRANE CO.............................................41,700 47,300 0.04 13.4 10,600 11,000 3.8 

 SCIOS INC.................................................. SCIOS INC................................................. 37,524 39,807 0.04 6.1 335 350 4.5 

TRICON GLOBAL RESTAURANTS.............................. 20,000 335,000 

Information & electronics 39,774,093 45,823,950 41.15 15.2 2,678,550 2,797,403 4.4 

 Calculating/accounting mach. &

 office machines, nec 206,063 210,468 0.19 2.1 42,315 43,869 3.7 

 BELL & HOWELL COMPANY............................. BELL & HOWELL COMPANY............................. 38,101 38,321 0.03 0.6 6,110 5,704 -6.6 

 DIEBOLD INC................................................. DIEBOLD INC.............................................41,797 45,184 0.04 8.1 5,980 6,714 12.3 

 PITNEY BOWES INC.................................... PITNEY BOWES INC.............................................. 81,726 89,463 0.08 9.5 28,625 29,901 4.5 

 TELXON CORP.............................................. TELXON CORP..........................................44,439 37,500 0.03 -15.6 1,600 1,550 -3.1 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

56
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Communications serv. (phone,

 satellite, radio/TV, cable, etc.) 1,182,833 1,053,727 0.95 -10.9 302,156 244,448 -19.1 

 AT&T CORP................................................... AT&T CORP.............................................822,000 829,000 0.74 0.9 130,400 127,800 -2.0 

 GEOTEK COMMUNICATIONS......................... GEOTEK COMMUNICATIONS................................. 37,528 39,609 0.04 5.5 800 685 -14.4 

 GTE CORP.................................................... GTE CORP.............................................. 122,000 122,000 0.11 0.0 102,000 114,000 11.8 

 OMNIPOINT CORP........................................ OMNIPOINT CORP....................................38,205 23,932 0.02 -37.4 856 1,423 66.2 

 SMARTALK TELESERVICES INC..................................... 39,186 0.04 540 

NYNEX CORP............................................ 163,100 68,100 

 Computer integrated systems design 364,923 431,256 0.39 18.2 21,546 33,090 53.6 

 CERNER CORP.............................................. CERNER CORP........................................... 29,893 36,151 0.03 20.9 NA 2,050 NA 

 HBO & CO.................................................... HBO & CO......................................................... 64,096 96,759 0.09 51.0 4,404 6,286 42.7 

 INTERGRAPH CORP................................... INTERGRAPH CORP ...................................... 103,397 98,073 0.09 -5.1 8,200 7,700 -6.1 

 MENTOR GRAPHICS CORP.............................. MENTOR GRAPHICS CORP................................ 72,886 112,227 0.10 54.0 2,500 2,570 2.8 

 SABRE GROUP HLDGS INC -CL A............................. 24,000 0.02 8,500 

 SHARED MEDICAL SYS CORP..................SHARED MEDICAL SYSCORP.....................54,665 64,046 0.06 17.2 5,420 5,984 10.4 

LANDMARK GRAPHICS CORP................................. 39,986 1,022 

 Computer networking communications

 equip 1,882,810 2,620,503 2.35 39.2 36,212 42,863 18.4 

 3COM CORP................................................. 3COM CORP................................................... 335,266 581,613 0.52 73.5 7,109 12,920 81.7 

 ADAPTEC INC................................................... ADAPTEC INC..........................................128,530 172,522 0.15 34.2 2,794 3,276 17.3 

 ASCEND COMMUNICATIONS INC...................... ASCEND COMMUNICATIONS INC........................ 40,291 155,986 0.14 287.1 721 1,644 128.0 

 AUSPEX SYSTEMS INC.................................. 31,803 0.03 619 

 BAY NETWORKS INC........................................ BAY NETWORKS INC.................................213,534 269,800 0.24 26.3 NA NA NA 

 CABLETRON SYSTEMS................................... CABLETRON SYSTEMS..................................... 161,674 181,777 0.16 12.4 6,607 6,887 4.2 

 CIRRUS LOGIC INC...................................... CIRRUS LOGIC INC....................................... 230,786 179,552 0.16 -22.2 2,557 NA NA 

 CISCO SYSTEMS INC..................................... CISCO SYSTEMS INC................................... 399,291 698,169 0.63 74.9 8,782 11,000 25.3 

 DIALOGIC CORP............................................. DIALOGIC CORP........................................... 40,666 51,530 0.05 26.7 905 994 9.8 

 ELECTRONICS FOR IMAGING INC....................... ELECTRONICS FOR IMAGING INC................................ 22,440 40,318 0.04 79.7 354 538 52.0 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

57
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Computer networking communications

 equip—continued

 FORE SYSTEMS INC................................................... FORE SYSTEMS INC..................................... 55,217 66,779 0.06 20.9 1,361 1,592 17.0 

 NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECH INC.................. NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECH INC......................... 43,354 43,442 0.04 0.2 1,367 1,408 3.0 

 S3 INCORPORATED..................................... S3 INCORPORATED........................................ 63,382 95,792 0.09 51.1 636 654 2.8 

 SHIVA CORP.............................................. SHIVA CORP..........................................23,982 25,545 0.02 6.5 670 610 -9.0 

 XYLAN INC.............................................................. 25,875 0.02 721 

CASCADE COMMUNICATIONS

 CORP....................................................... 53,378 833 

DIGI INTERNATIONAL INC......................................... 20,624 698 

NETWORK GENERAL CORP................................................... 50,395 818 

 Computer peripheral equip. (printers,

 scanners, etc.) 246,176 325,349 0.29 32.2 14,162 14,294 0.9 

 CALCOMP TECHNOLOGY INC........................... CALCOMP TECHNOLOGY INC .............................. 20,713 23,314 0.02 12.6 1,025 885 -13.7 

 C-CUBE MICROSYSTEMS INC........................ C-CUBE MICROSYSTEMS INC......................... 44,177 64,204 0.06 45.3 669 750 12.1 

 DIAMOND MULTIMEDIA SYS INC............................... 24,886 0.02 864 

 LEXMARK INTL GRP INC -CL A........................... LEXMARK INTL GRP INC -CL A.......................... 123,900 128,900 0.12 4.0 6,573 7,985 21.5 

 LOGITECH INTL S A -ADR.................................. LOGITECH INTL S A -ADR................................. 26,481 27,774 0.02 4.9 2,995 NA NA 

 SECURITY DYNAMICS TECH INC............................... 26,280 0.02 610 

 SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES............................... SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES............................30,905 29,991 0.03 -3.0 2,900 3,200 10.3 

 Computer storage devices 2,466,070 2,607,477 2.34 5.7 186,431 211,348 13.4 

 DATA GENERAL CORP....................................... DATA GENERAL CORP.................................... 98,022 109,984 0.10 12.2 4,900 5,100 4.1 

 DIGITAL EQUIPMENT........................................ DIGITAL EQUIPMENT........................................ 1,062,253 1,014,044 0.91 -4.5 59,100 54,900 -7.1 

 EMC CORP/MA........................................... EMC CORP/MA........................................ 161,088 220,884 0.20 37.1 4,800 6,400 33.3 

 EXABYTE CORP............................................. EXABYTE CORP............................................. 38,391 40,909 0.04 6.6 1,493 1,229 -17.7 

 IOMEGA CORP................................................ IOMEGA CORP.............................................42,101 78,026 0.07 85.3 2,926 4,816 64.6 

 QUANTUM CORP............................................. QUANTUM CORP.......................................... 291,332 321,741 0.29 10.4 6,380 6,219 -2.5 

 SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY.................................... SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY.................................. 420,429 462,206 0.42 9.9 87,000 111,000 27.6 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

58
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Computer storage devices—continued

 STORAGE TECH CP -CL A.....................STORAGE TECH CP -CL A.......................176,422 209,526 0.19 18.8 8,300 8,300 0.0 

 WESTERN DIGITAL CORP............................... WESTERN DIGITAL CORP................................ 150,112 150,157 0.13 0.0 9,628 13,384 39.0 

SYQUEST TECHNOLOGY INC................................ 25,920 1,904 

 Electronic components (semiconductors

 coil, etc.) 5,668,425 6,648,235 5.97 17.3 321,588 340,356 5.8 

 ACTEL CORP..........................................ACTEL CORP.............................................. 23,934 26,465 0.02 10.6 356 380 6.7 

 ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES.................... ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES............................. 400,703 467,877 0.42 16.8 12,200 12,800 4.9 

 ALTERA CORP............................................ ALTERA CORP.............................................49,513 54,417 0.05 9.9 918 1,086 18.3 

 AMP INC................................................AMP INC.....................................................315,100 319,600 0.29 1.4 44,985 46,526 3.4 

 ANALOG DEVICES.................................... ANALOG DEVICES............................................. 177,772 196,148 0.18 10.3 6,900 7,500 8.7 

 APPLIED MAGNETICS CORP......................... APPLIED MAGNETICS CORP............................. 50,867 52,532 0.05 3.3 6,401 8,431 31.7 

 ARTESYN TECHNOLOGIES INC.......................... 30,032 0.03 4,219 

 ATMEL CORP............................................. ATMEL CORP.................................................... 110,239 122,896 0.11 11.5 3,914 4,589 17.2 

 BERG ELECTRONICS CORP........................ BERG ELECTRONICS CORP.............................. 26,100 28,400 0.03 8.8 6,000 7,000 16.7 

 BURR-BROWN CORP.................................. BURR-BROWN CORP....................................28,452 33,951 0.03 19.3 1,311 1,308 -0.2 

 CHIPS & TECHNOLOGIES INC..................... CHIPS & TECHNOLOGIES INC.......................... 19,837 23,665 0.02 19.3 209 260 24.4 

 CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR

 CORP...................................................... CORP................................................84,334 93,842 0.08 11.3 2,171 2,770 27.6 

 DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.................. DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP........................... 34,974 46,078 0.04 31.7 1,348 1,497 11.1 

 ESS TECHNOLOGY INC............................. ESS TECHNOLOGY INC.................................. 20,269 29,471 0.03 45.4 253 447 76.7 

 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYSTEMS.............................. 24,717 0.02 177 

 INTEGRATED SILICON SOLUTION....................... INTEGRATED SILICON SOLUTION............................ 21,350 26,179 0.02 22.6 380 476 25.3 

 INTEL CORP................................................ INTEL CORP............................................. 1,808,000 2,347,000 2.11 29.8 48,500 63,700 31.3 

 INTL RECTIFIER CORP............................... INTL RECTIFIER CORP....................................... 26,967 35,495 0.03 31.6 3,915 4,385 12.0 

 KEMET CORP........................................... KEMET CORP..........................................20,755 23,766 0.02 14.5 10,718 11,300 5.4 

 LEVEL ONE COMMUNICATIONS INC......LEVEL ONE COMMUNICATIONS

 INC......................................................24,505 30,398 0.03 24.0 410 559 36.3 

 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP..................... LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP.............................. 31,058 35,401 0.03 14.0 1,650 1,084 -34.3 

 LSI LOGIC CORP........................................... LSI LOGIC CORP.......................................184,452 229,069 0.21 24.2 3,912 4,443 13.6 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

59
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Electronic components (semiconductors

 coils, etc.)—continued

 MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS................... MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS............................ 47,532 51,264 0.05 7.9 1,574 1,998 26.9 

 MEMC ELECTRONIC MATRIALS INC................ MEMC ELECTRONIC 

 MATERIALS INC...................................44,313 64,457 0.06 45.5 7,100 7,700 8.5 

 MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC................. MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC..................................... 33,648 38,362 0.03 14.0 1,879 2,153 14.6 

 MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC...................... MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC................................... 191,900 208,900 0.19 8.9 9,900 12,200 23.2 

 MOLEX INC.............................................MOLEX INC................................................... 78,745 83,843 0.08 6.5 10,100 11,947 18.3 

 NATL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP................. NATL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP..................... 372,100 482,000 0.43 29.5 12,400 13,000 4.8 

 OAK TECHNOLOGY INC................................ OAK TECHNOLOGY INC............................... 35,555 34,660 0.03 -2.5 410 430 4.9 

 READ-RITE CORP....................................... READ-RITE CORP...................................... 52,221 64,995 0.06 24.5 19,507 23,107 18.5 

 SCI SYSTEMS INC..................................... SCI SYSTEMS INC...................................33,556 36,569 0.03 9.0 15,524 18,470 19.0 

 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC.......................... TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC............................... 989,000 1,075,000 0.97 8.7 59,927 44,140 -26.3 

 THOMAS & BETTS CORP...................................... THOMAS & BETTS CORP................................ 47,229 51,896 0.05 9.9 14,700 16,400 11.6 

 VLSI TECHNOLOGY INC.............................. VLSI TECHNOLOGY INC.................................. 105,185 98,434 0.09 -6.4 2,948 2,483 -15.8 

 XILINX INC............................................................... XILINX INC...................................................71,075 80,456 0.07 13.2 1,277 1,391 8.9 

CYRIX CORP......................................................... 32,371 391 

HUTCHINSON TECH.......................................... 27,651 5,479 

SILICONIX INC..................................................... 20,823 1,228 

STANDARD MICROSYS CORP.............................. 26,340 793 

 Electronic computers & computer

 terminals 10,077,693 11,093,953 9.96 10.1 508,192 558,862 10.0 

 APPLE COMPUTER INC.............................. APPLE COMPUTER INC............................. 604,000 485,000 0.44 -19.7 13,398 10,176 -24.0 

 COMPAQ COMPUTER CORP......................... COMPAQ COMPUTER CORP......................... 407,000 817,000 0.73 100.7 18,863 32,565 72.6 

 DELL COMPUTER CORP............................... DELL COMPUTER CORP............................. 88,000 145,000 0.13 64.8 10,350 16,000 54.6 

 ENCORE COMPUTER CORP.......................... ENCORE COMPUTER CORP........................30,260 23,953 0.02 -20.8 694 121 -82.6 

 HEWLETT-PACKARD CO................................ HEWLETT-PACKARD CO................................ 2,718,000 3,078,000 2.76 13.2 112,000 121,900 8.8 

 INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP...................... INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP................. 3,934,000 4,307,000 3.87 9.5 240,615 269,465 12.0 

 NCR CORP.................................................. NCR CORP............................................... 444,000 447,000 0.40 0.7 38,600 38,300 -0.8 

See SOURCE at end of table

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

60
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Electronic computers & computer

 terminals—continued

 SEQUENT COMPUTER SYS INC................ SEQUENT COMPUTER SYS INC......... 73,717 92,984 0.08 26.1 2,656 2,818 6.1 

 SILICON GRAPHICS INC............................ SILICON GRAPHICS INC.............................353,461 479,101 0.43 35.5 10,485 10,930 4.2 

 STRATUS COMPUTER INC............................ STRATUS COMPUTER INC.............................. 79,818 90,647 0.08 13.6 2,293 2,487 8.5 

 SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC.......................... SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC............................. 657,144 825,968 0.74 25.7 17,400 21,500 23.6 

 UNISYS CORP.................................................. UNISYS CORP............................................. 342,900 302,300 0.27 -11.8 32,900 32,600 -0.9 

TANDEM COMPUTERS INC........................... 345,393 7,938 

 Household audio & video equipment, &

 audio recordings 835,871 229,751 0.21 -72.5 110,269 34,784 -68.5 

 GENERAL MOTORS CL H........................... GENERAL MOTORS CL H.............................. 730,000 120,400 0.11 -83.5 86,000 15,000 -82.6 

 HARMAN INTERNATIONAL INDS..................... HARMAN INTERNATIONAL INDS.......................... 59,171 66,451 0.06 12.3 8,369 8,384 0.2 

 ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORP...................... ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORP......................... 46,700 42,900 0.04 -8.1 15,900 11,400 -28.3 

 Laboratory controlling & measuring

 instruments 1,993,705 2,423,390 2.18 21.6 221,193 257,279 16.3 

 ANALOGIC CORP........................................ ANALOGIC CORP........................................ 31,342 37,063 0.03 18.3 1,500 1,500 0.0 

 BECKMAN COULTER INC............................ BECKMAN COULTER INC............................ 108,400 123,600 0.11 14.0 6,079 11,171 83.8 

 BIO-RAD LABS -CL A................................... BIO-RAD LABS -CL A....................................39,580 46,138 0.04 16.6 2,535 2,650 4.5 

 COHERENT INC............................................. COHERENT INC......................................... 37,705 48,721 0.04 29.2 1,794 2,131 18.8 

 CREDENCE SYSTEMS CORP............................... CREDENCE SYSTEMS CORP......................... 35,422 43,372 0.04 22.4 575 646 12.3 

 EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.................................. EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.............................. 398,700 445,100 0.40 11.6 86,400 100,700 16.6 

 HONEYWELL INC............................................... HONEYWELL INC........................................ 353,300 446,600 0.40 26.4 53,000 57,500 8.5 

 KLA-TENCOR CORP........................................ KLA-TENCOR CORP..................................... 52,800 134,105 0.12 154.0 2,500 3,600 44.0 

 LTX CORP................................................... LTX CORP..................................................... 22,927 23,350 0.02 1.8 1,032 950 -7.9 

 MILLIPORE CORP......................................... MILLIPORE CORP.......................................38,429 56,299 0.05 46.5 3,482 4,754 36.5 

 PERKIN-ELMER CORP................................. PERKIN-ELMER CORP.................................102,331 132,461 0.12 29.4 5,697 5,685 -0.2 

 QUICKTURN DESIGN SYSTEMS INC.......................... 23,499 0.02 382 

 ROBOTIC VISION SYSTEMS INC............................... 23,410 0.02 800 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

61
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Laboratory controlling & measuring

 instruments—continued

 SEPRACOR INC............................................ SEPRACOR INC........................................... 35,828 43,055 0.04 20.2 128 149 16.4 

 SNAP-ON INC............................................. SNAP-ON INC.............................................42,400 46,500 0.04 9.7 10,600 11,700 10.4 

 TERADYNE INC........................................... TERADYNE INC.................................................. 143,931 162,500 0.15 12.9 5,000 6,300 26.0 

 THERMO ELECTRON CORP............................................. THERMO ELECTRON CORP.............................. 154,448 191,629 0.17 24.1 17,760 22,400 26.1 

 THERMO INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS........................ THERMO INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS...................... 80,591 107,613 0.10 33.5 6,870 9,398 36.8 

 THERMO OPTEK CORP.................................... THERMO OPTEK CORP................................ 21,979 28,061 0.03 27.7 2,065 2,341 13.4 

 THERMOQUEST CORP.................................. THERMOQUEST CORP................................... 21,821 28,152 0.03 29.0 1,270 2,090 64.6 

 TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD............................... TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD.............................. 36,705 40,662 0.04 10.8 1,094 1,292 18.1 

 VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC.............................. VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC............................. 110,140 110,750 0.10 0.6 6,700 6,500 -3.0 

 WATERS CORP.................................................. WATERS CORP............................................. 40,198 80,750 0.07 100.9 1,865 2,640 41.6 

COGNEX CORP........................................... 19,434 404 

MEASUREX CORP......................................... 21,036 2,843 

TENCOR INSTRUMENTS................................. 44,258 NA 

 Modems & other wired telephone equipment ASPECT TELECOMMUNICATIONS............... 2,732,411 4,010,990 3.60 46.8 156,116 167,125 7.1 

 ADC TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC.................... ADC TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC..................90,038 122,638 0.11 36.2 4,620 5,924 28.2 

 ADTRAN INC............................................... ADTRAN INC................................................24,647 30,055 0.03 21.9 894 1,011 13.1 

 ADVANCED FIBRE COMM INC.................................. 25,726 0.02 660 

 ASPECT TELECOMMUNICATIONS......................... ASPECT TELECOMMUNICATIONS......................... 34,585 45,723 0.04 32.2 1,330 1,610 21.1 

 BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES INC...................... BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES INC...............22,785 28,062 0.03 23.2 333 300 -9.9 

 CIENA CORP....................................................... 23,308 0.02 841 

 COMVERSE TECHNOLOGY INC............................................... COMVERSE TECHNOLOGY INC.................... 27,441 38,659 0.03 40.9 1,243 2,827 127.4 

 DSC COMMUNICATIONS CORP........................ DSC COMMUNICATIONS CORP.................... 210,091 252,089 0.23 20.0 6,367 6,681 4.9 

 GENERAL DATACOMM INDS.......................... GENERAL DATACOMM INDS........................34,121 40,876 0.04 19.8 1,849 1,727 -6.6 

 LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC...................... LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC....................... 1,838,000 3,100,620 2.78 68.7 124,000 134,000 8.1 

 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES INC.............................. 31,982 0.03 640 

 PICTURETEL CORP...................................... PICTURETEL CORP..................................... 60,089 79,523 0.07 32.3 1,496 1,544 3.2 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

62
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Modems & other wired telephone equipment—

 continued

 RELTEC CORP............................................. RELTEC CORP............................................ 37,400 33,600 0.03 -10.2 NA 5,273 NA 

 TELLABS INC...................................................... TELLABS INC.............................................. 107,216 158,129 0.14 47.5 3,418 4,087 19.6 

BOSTON TECHNOLOGY INC.......................... 38,787 904 

CENTIGRAM COMMUNI-

 CATIONS CP.......................................20,154 449 

OCTEL COMMUNICATIONS CORP................. 77,620 2,900 

U S ROBOTICS CORP.................................109,437 6,313 

 Multiple and miscellaneous computer &

 data processing services 515,211 540,442 0.49 4.9 42,470 42,567 0.2 

 AMERICA ONLINE INC.............................................. AMERICA ONLINE INC.................................70,798 58,208 0.05 -17.8 5,828 7,371 26.5 

 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING.................................... AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING.................... 249,635 296,544 0.27 18.8 29,000 30,000 3.4 

 BARRA INC............................................................ 28,914 0.03 696 

 INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................................................................... INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS INC..................40,864 68,927 0.06 68.7 NA NA NA 

 SUNGARD DATA SYSTEMS INC................ SUNGARD DATA SYSTEMS INC.................... 105,974 87,849 0.08 -17.1 3,700 4,500 21.6 

COMPUSERVE CORP................................... 27,734 3,050 

CSG SYSTEMS INTL INC............................... 20,206 892 

 Opthalmic goods, photogrph. equp. & clocks 2,546,710 2,616,313 2.35 2.7 216,101 223,806 3.6 

 AVID TECHNOLOGY INC........................................ AVID TECHNOLOGY INC............................ 72,590 74,363 0.07 2.4 1,663 1,599 -3.8 

 BAUSCH & LOMB INC..............................BAUSCH & LOMB INC.................................75,500 67,500 0.06 -10.6 13,000 13,000 0.0 

 EASTMAN KODAK CO................................. EASTMAN KODAK CO................................ 1,028,000 1,047,700 0.94 1.9 94,800 97,500 2.8 

 IMATION CORP........................................... IMATION CORP........................................... 183,100 194,900 0.18 6.4 9,400 9,800 4.3 

 POLAROID CORP....................................... POLAROID CORP................................................... 116,300 122,800 0.11 5.6 9,996 9,931 -0.7 

 ULTRATECH STEPPER INC......................................... ULTRATECH STEPPER INC........................27,220 30,050 0.03 10.4 542 576 6.3 

 XEROX CORP............................................. XEROX CORP........................................... 1,044,000 1,079,000 0.97 3.4 86,700 91,400 5.4 

 Prepackaged software 5,266,971 6,619,062 5.94 25.7 136,782 160,331 17.2 

 ACCLAIM ENMNT INC.................................. ACCLAIM ENMNT INC...............................34,582 30,824 0.03 -10.9 930 680 -26.9 

 ACTIVISION INC...................................................... 28,393 0.03 667 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

63
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Prepackaged software—continued

 ADOBE SYSTEMS INC.................................. ADOBE SYSTEMS INC.................................174,165 176,831 0.16 1.5 2,222 2,654 19.4 

 ASPEN TECHNOLOGY INC............................ ASPEN TECHNOLOGY INC.......................... 20,208 31,153 0.03 54.2 1,040 1,239 19.1 

 AUTODESK INC............................................ AUTODESK INC............................................... 93,740 122,419 0.11 30.6 2,044 2,470 20.8 

 AVANT CORP............................................ AVANT CORP.............................................20,696 29,559 0.03 42.8 444 701 57.9 

 BAAN COMPANY NV.................................. BAAN COMPANY NV................................... 42,136 90,849 0.08 115.6 2,389 4,254 78.1 

 BEA SYSTEMS INC.................................... BEA SYSTEMS INC....................................80,431 43,008 0.04 -46.5 459 800 74.3 

 BMC SOFTWARE INC................................... BMC SOFTWARE INC........................................... 77,459 94,923 0.09 22.5 1,813 2,770 52.8 

 BOOLE & BABBAGE INC.......................................... 25,881 0.02 880 

 BRODERBUND SOFTWARE INC................... BRODERBUND SOFTWARE INC.....................37,613 67,767 0.06 80.2 638 1,129 77.0 

 CADENCE DESIGN SYS INC....................... CADENCE DESIGN SYS INC........................211,011 146,946 0.13 -30.4 3,190 3,945 23.7 

 CHECKFREE HOLDINGS CORP................................. 172,869 0.16 1,444 

 COMPUTER ASSOC INTL INC................COMPUTER ASSOC INTL INC............... 437,000 369,000 0.33 -15.6 9,850 NA NA 

 COMPUWARE CORP................................... COMPUWARE CORP..................................... 66,284 57,576 0.05 -13.1 6,609 8,663 31.1 

 EDWARDS J D & CO.................................. EDWARDS J D & CO......................................... 40,321 60,591 0.05 50.3 NA 3,577 NA 

 ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.............................. ELECTRONIC ARTS INC............................... 118,103 146,199 0.13 23.8 1,700 2,100 23.5 

 FILENET CORP.......................................... FILENET CORP............................................. 36,502 39,575 0.04 8.4 1,443 1,490 3.3 

 FTP SOFTWARE INC................................... FTP SOFTWARE INC...................................... 31,268 27,044 0.02 -13.5 804 350 -56.5 

 HARBINGER CORP.................................................. 29,196 0.03 1,032 

 HYPERION SOFTWARE CORP....................... HYPERION SOFTWARE CORP........................ 28,839 33,046 0.03 14.6 1,038 1,226 18.1 

 I2 TECHNOLOGIES INC............................................ 48,720 0.04 1,006 

 IDX SYSTEMS CORP........................................ IDX SYSTEMS CORP....................................23,974 38,602 0.03 61.0 1,248 1,883 50.9 

 INDUS INTERNATIONAL INC...................................... 27,664 0.02 896 

 INFINIUM SOFTWARE INC......................................... 23,460 0.02 549 

 INFORMIX CORP....................................... INFORMIX CORP.......................................... 120,211 146,310 0.13 21.7 4,491 3,489 -22.3 

 INSO CORP......................................................... 28,760 0.03 439 

 INTERSOLV......................................................... 24,231 0.02 1,073 

 INTUIT INC................................................... INTUIT INC................................................83,601 104,027 0.09 24.4 3,474 3,000 -13.6 

 MANUGISTICS GROUP INC..................................... 31,665 0.03 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

64
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Prepackaged software—continued

 MARCAM SOLUTIONS INC......................... MARCAM SOLUTIONS INC.............................. 27,680 34,301 0.03 23.9 NA 701 NA 

 MICROPROSE INC................................... MICROPROSE INC....................................23,145 29,038 0.03 25.5 390 385 -1.3 

 MICROSOFT CORP................................... MICROSOFT CORP.................................... 1,432,000 1,925,000 1.73 34.4 20,561 22,232 8.1 

 MIDWAY GAMES INC..............................MIDWAY GAMES INC.................................32,495 55,941 0.05 72.2 326 400 22.7 

 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS CORP................ NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS CORP.................... 24,387 30,296 0.03 24.2 1,142 1,465 28.3 

 NETMANAGE INC...................................... NETMANAGE INC.......................................41,322 41,313 0.04 0.0 632 440 -30.4 

 NETSCAPE COMMUNICATIONS NETSCAPE COMMUNICATIONS

 CORP..................................................... CORP.................................................83,900 129,900 0.12 54.8 1,811 2,310 27.6 

 NETWORKS ASSOCIATES INC................... NETWORKS ASSOCIATES INC...................... 32,091 85,021 0.08 164.9 481 1,600 232.6 

 NOVELL INC.............................................. NOVELL INC................................................. 275,627 282,680 0.25 2.6 5,870 4,770 -18.7 

 ON TECHNOLOGY CORP.............................. ON TECHNOLOGY CORP................................. 22,741 28,359 0.03 24.7 288 142 -50.7 

 OPEN MARKET INC.............................................. 26,732 0.02 

 ORACLE CORP............................................ ORACLE CORP............................................. 555,476 719,143 0.65 29.5 29,431 36,802 25.0 

 PARAMETRIC TECH CORP............... PARAMETRIC TECH CORP.............................. 39,476 53,236 0.05 34.9 2,774 3,432 23.7 

 PEOPLESOFT INC................................................ 129,553 0.12 4,452 

 PHOENIX TECHNOLOGIES LTD..................... PHOENIX TECHNOLOGIES LTD....................... 20,628 26,349 0.02 27.7 490 572 16.7 

 PROGRESS SOFTWARE CORP..................... PROGRESS SOFTWARE CORP........................ 23,951 37,797 0.03 57.8 1,108 1,090 -1.6 

 QAD INC...................................................... QAD INC..................................................... 25,623 29,317 0.03 14.4 700 917 31.0 

 RATIONAL SOFTWARE CORP...................... RATIONAL SOFTWARE CORP......................... 24,445 61,560 0.06 151.8 845 1,743 106.3 

 SANTA CRUZ OPERATION INC.................... SANTA CRUZ OPERATION INC........................ 74,968 46,130 0.04 -38.5 1,188 1,082 -8.9 

 STERLING COMMERCE INC................................... 24,853 0.02 1,700 

 STERLING SOFTWARE INC........................... STERLING SOFTWARE INC............................. 20,921 23,114 0.02 10.5 2,600 3,100 19.2 

 STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

 RESEARCH............................................... RESEARCH.................................... 30,719 49,407 0.04 60.8 1,637 2,067 26.3 

 SYBASE INC.................................................. SYBASE INC.................................................. 164,676 138,590 0.12 -15.8 5,484 5,216 -4.9 

 SYMANTEC CORP......................................... SYMANTEC CORP............................................. 91,974 91,332 0.08 -0.7 2,000 2,300 15.0 

 SYNOPSYS INC........................................... SYNOPSYS INC............................................ 85,373 116,059 0.10 35.9 1,716 1,961 14.3 

 SYSTEM SOFTWARE ASSOC INC.................... SYSTEM SOFTWARE ASSOC INC................... 54,400 51,700 0.05 -5.0 2,200 2,400 9.1 

 USCS INTL INC............................................. USCS INTL INC............................................... 25,140 30,034 0.03 19.5 2,038 2,067 1.4 

 VERITAS SOFTWARE CO...................................... 25,219 0.02 579 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

65
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Prepackaged software—continued

3DO COMPANY.............................................. 42,077 238 

7TH LEVEL INC.............................................. 21,402 253 

CHEYENNE SOFTWARE INC............................ 31,465 778 

COMPUTERVISION CORP.............................. 44,344 2,000 

GENERAL MAGIC INC..................................... 23,227 180 

PURE ATRIA CORP......................................... 22,794 659 

VIEWLOGIC SYSTEMS INC............................. 27,412 693 

WALL DATA INC........................................... 22,859 NA 

WONDERWARE CORP................................... 20,089 443 

 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite

 communication eq. 3,122,671 3,625,457 3.26 16.1 204,617 215,681 5.4 

 ALLEN TELECOM INC.................................. ALLEN TELECOM INC.................................. 20,721 26,137 0.02 26.1 2,900 3,300 13.8 

 GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP....................... GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP...................... 209,257 207,826 0.19 -0.7 14,200 7,350 -48.2 

 GLENAYRE TECHNOLOGIES INC................ GLENAYRE TECHNOLOGIES INC..................28,983 40,425 0.04 39.5 2,150 2,400 11.6 

 HARRIS CORP............................................. HARRIS CORP............................................ 159,800 174,900 0.16 9.4 27,600 29,000 5.1 

 MOTOROLA INC.......................................... MOTOROLA INC........................................ 2,394,000 2,748,000 2.47 14.8 139,000 150,000 7.9 

 P-COM INC.......................................................... 29,127 0.03 754 

 PITTWAY CORP/DE -CL A...................................... 24,316 0.02 7,800 

 QUALCOMM INC........................................... QUALCOMM INC.......................................... 162,340 235,922 0.21 45.3 6,000 9,000 50.0 

 SCIENTIFIC-ATLANTA INC............................ SCIENTIFIC-ATLANTA INC............................ 95,299 114,344 0.10 20.0 4,173 5,343 28.0 

 VTEL CORP......................................................... 24,460 0.02 734 

CALIFORNIA MICROWAVE............................ 30,871 2,294 

SENSORMATIC ELECTRONICS........................ 21,400 6,300 

 Search & navigation equipment 665,550 767,577 0.69 15.3 158,400 206,700 30.5 

 LITTON INDUSTRIES INC............................. LITTON INDUSTRIES INC............................... 65,100 70,122 0.06 7.7 33,500 31,500 -6.0 

 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP........................ NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP.......................... 255,000 256,000 0.23 0.4 46,600 52,000 11.6 

 ORBITAL SCIENCES CORP.......................... ORBITAL SCIENCES CORP............................. 22,179 26,355 0.02 18.8 3,000 4,000 33.3 

 RAYTHEON CO -CL B........................................................................ RAYTHEON CO -CL B................................... 323,271 415,100 0.37 28.4 75,300 119,200 58.3 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

66
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

Machinery & electrical equipment 6,387,141 7,038,500 6.32 10.2 1,063,117 1,162,838 9.4 

 Electrical equipment (industrial & household) 3,000,095 3,070,656 2.76 2.4 519,786 532,873 2.5 

 COOPER INDUSTRIES INC.......................... COOPER INDUSTRIES INC............................. 57,300 60,900 0.05 6.3 42,400 41,200 -2.8 

 EATON CORP............................................ EATON CORP.............................................. 267,000 319,000 0.29 19.5 54,000 49,000 -9.3 

 EVANS & SUTHERLAND CMP CORP............. EVANS & SUTHERLAND CMP CORP.................... 21,753 25,492 0.02 17.2 784 831 6.0 

 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO............................ GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.............................. 1,421,000 1,480,000 1.33 4.2 239,000 276,000 15.5 

 GENERAL SIGNAL CORP............................. GENERAL SIGNAL CORP............................... 47,500 45,700 0.04 -3.8 13,000 9,900 -23.8 

 KOMAG INC.............................................KOMAG INC................................................. 29,409 51,427 0.05 74.9 4,027 4,689 16.4 

 MAGNETEK INC.......................................MAGNETEK INC........................................... 21,500 23,600 0.02 9.8 13,000 13,800 6.2 

 MAYTAG CORP.......................................... MAYTAG CORP............................................. 47,996 50,201 0.05 4.6 20,464 22,433 9.6 

 RAYCHEM CORP.......................................... RAYCHEM CORP......................................... 122,137 119,336 0.11 -2.3 8,697 8,650 -0.5 

 ROCKWELL INTL CORP................................ ROCKWELL INTL CORP................................. 691,000 714,000 0.64 3.3 58,639 45,000 -23.3 

 WHIRLPOOL CORP........................................ WHIRLPOOL CORP....................................... 197,000 181,000 0.16 -8.1 48,163 61,370 27.4 

BALDOR ELECTRIC......................................... 19,900 3,645 

CHERRY CORP -CL A..................................... 22,200 4,367 

DURACELL INTERNATIONAL............................ 34,400 9,600 

 Machinery (indus., farm, services, mining &

 construction) 3,387,046 3,967,844 3.56 17.1 543,331 629,965 15.9 

 AGCO CORP........................................... AGCO CORP.................................................... 27,705 54,100 0.05 95.3 7,801 10,997 41.0 

 AMERN STANDARD CO INC........................ AMERN STANDARD CO INC.....................81,000 112,000 0.10 38.3 44,000 51,000 15.9 

 APPLIED MATERIALS INC.............................. APPLIED MATERIALS INC............................. 481,394 567,612 0.51 17.9 11,403 13,924 22.1 

 BAKER-HUGHES INC................................... BAKER-HUGHES INC................................44,019 59,500 0.05 35.2 16,800 21,250 26.5 

 BLACK & DECKER CORP.............................. BLACK & DECKER CORP............................................... 101,300 99,100 0.09 -2.2 29,200 28,600 -2.1 

 CAMCO INTERNATIONAL INC......................... CAMCO INTERNATIONAL INC.................................. 26,267 33,160 0.03 26.2 4,570 5,500 20.4 

 CASE CORP................................................ CASE CORP............................................ 193,000 196,000 0.18 1.6 17,500 18,300 4.6 

 CATERPILLAR INC.......................................... CATERPILLAR INC..................................410,000 528,000 0.47 28.8 57,026 59,863 5.0 

 CINCINNATI MILACRON INC....................... CINCINNATI MILACRON INC.....................49,000 50,100 0.04 2.2 12,598 12,751 1.2 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

67
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Machinery (indus., farm, services, mining &

 construction)—continued

 CUMMINS ENGINE..................................... CUMMINS ENGINE....................................235,000 250,000 0.22 6.4 23,500 26,300 11.9 

 CYMER INC......................................................... 24,971 0.02 809 

 DEERE & CO................................................. DEERE & CO................................................ 370,300 412,300 0.37 11.3 33,919 34,400 1.4 

 DETROIT DIESEL CORP............................. DETROIT DIESEL CORP........................................ 105,200 97,500 0.09 -7.3 6,200 6,500 4.8 

 DOVER CORP................................................ DOVER CORP................................................ 98,857 114,392 0.10 15.7 26,234 28,758 9.6 

 ETEC SYSTEMS INC............................................. 34,373 0.03 902 

 FSI INTL INC............................................. FSI INTL INC................................................. 40,998 39,713 0.04 -3.1 1,412 1,357 -3.9 

 GENERAL SCANNING INC......................................... 32,902 0.03 915 

 HARNISCHFEGER IND INC........................HARNISCHFEGER IND INC................. 34,471 40,094 0.04 16.3 17,100 17,700 3.5 

 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS............................... ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS..............................55,800 52,021 0.05 -6.8 24,400 25,700 5.3 

 INGERSOLL-RAND CO................................ INGERSOLL-RAND CO.................................. 209,300 215,500 0.19 3.0 41,874 46,567 11.2 

 INTEGRATED PROCESS EQ............................ INTEGRATED PROCESS EQ........................... 19,871 23,951 0.02 20.5 1,042 965 -7.4 

 KENNAMETAL INC......................................... KENNAMETAL INC..................................... 20,585 24,105 0.02 17.1 7,260 7,550 4.0 

 KULICKE & SOFFA INDUSTRIES................. KULICKE & SOFFA INDUSTRIES....................... 50,404 46,030 0.04 -8.7 1,925 2,319 20.5 

 LAM RESEARCH CORP............................................................ LAM RESEARCH CORP................................ 173,013 170,624 0.15 -1.4 4,500 4,800 6.7 

 NACCO INDUSTRIES -CL A........................... NACCO INDUSTRIES -CL A...........................27,000 27,900 0.03 3.3 11,800 13,400 13.6 

 NORDSON CORP................................................ NORDSON CORP..........................................30,471 29,812 0.03 -2.2 3,823 4,024 5.3 

 NOVELLUS SYSTEMS INC............................. NOVELLUS SYSTEMS INC............................. 53,902 89,876 0.08 66.7 1,143 1,776 55.4 

 PALL CORP............................................... PALL CORP............................................... 47,514 53,747 0.05 13.1 7,700 8,500 10.4 

 PREMARK INTERNATIONAL INC.................... PREMARK INTERNATIONAL INC...................... 39,000 46,000 0.04 17.9 16,300 17,200 5.5 

 PRI AUTOMATION INC........................................... 24,634 0.02 928 

 SILICON VALLEY GROUP INC.................... SILICON VALLEY GROUP INC........................... 66,974 73,901 0.07 10.3 3,072 3,389 10.3 

 SPX CORP................................................... SPX CORP...................................................24,600 24,100 0.02 -2.0 7,125 4,593 -35.5 

 TECUMSEH PRODUCTS C -CL A............................ TECUMSEH PRODUCTS CO -CL A................... 30,400 32,600 0.03 7.2 16,300 17,400 6.7 

 THERMEDICS INC.................................................. 24,270 0.02 1,876 

 TIMKEN CO.............................................. TIMKEN CO.................................................... 41,000 43,000 0.04 4.9 19,130 20,994 9.7 

 TORO CO.................................................... TORO CO........................................................ 31,343 36,574 0.03 16.7 3,280 3,908 19.1 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

68
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Machinery (indus., farm, services, mining &

 construction)—continued

 TYCO INTERNATIONAL LTD......................... TYCO INTERNATIONAL LTD.............................. 33,480 45,000 0.04 34.4 40,000 75,400 88.5 

 UNOVA INC.............................................. UNOVA INC................................................. 29,700 53,100 0.05 78.8 NA 7,060 NA 

 WATKINS-JOHNSON.................................. WATKINS-JOHNSON..................................... 56,675 54,682 0.05 -3.5 2,080 1,520 -26.9 

 YORK INTL................................................ YORK INTL...................................................28,000 30,600 0.03 9.3 20,100 20,270 0.8 

SEMITOOL INC.............................................19,503 1,214 

Medical substances & devices 17,767,772 19,849,094 17.82 11.7 664,202 682,214 2.7 

 Drugs: biological products, except diagnostic

 substances 1,231,684 1,504,594 1.35 22.2 12,411 15,235 22.8 

 AMGEN INC............................................ AMGEN INC................................................528,300 630,800 0.57 19.4 4,646 5,308 14.2 

 AVIRON............................................................... 24,254 0.02 NA 

 BIOGEN INC.............................................. BIOGEN INC.................................................... 132,384 145,501 0.13 9.9 675 797 18.1 

 CELL GENESYS INC.............................................. 36,830 0.03 151 

 CENTOCOR INC........................................ CENTOCOR INC........................................... 56,787 68,623 0.06 20.8 545 640 17.4 

 CREATIVE BIOMOLECULES INC............................. 25,122 0.02 212 

 CYTOTHERAPEUTICS INC..................................... 26,947 0.02 120 

 GENZYME CORP........................................ GENZYME CORP..........................................55,529 74,200 0.07 33.6 3,516 3,500 -0.5 

 GILEAD SCIENCES INC.............................. GILEAD SCIENCES INC............................... 41,881 59,162 0.05 41.3 248 289 16.5 

 HYBRIDON INC.......................................... HYBRIDON INC............................................ 39,391 46,828 0.04 18.9 206 78 -62.1 

 IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP................ IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP..................26,763 32,407 0.03 21.1 268 339 26.5 

 IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP/DE.................... IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP/DE.....................27,211 34,090 0.03 25.3 146 143 -2.1 

 IMMUNEX CORP............................................ IMMUNEX CORP............................................. 96,612 109,312 0.10 13.1 808 886 9.7 

 LIPOSOME COMPANY INC............................ LIPOSOME COMPANY INC.............................. 29,371 28,894 0.03 -1.6 407 280 -31.2 

 MEDIMMUNE INC........................................ MEDIMMUNE INC........................................... 32,192 40,669 0.04 26.3 252 344 36.5 

 NEUREX CORP............................................... NEUREX CORP............................................. 19,662 28,474 0.03 44.8 75 140 86.7 

 PATHOGENESIS CORP............................... PATHOGENESIS CORP.................................. 20,673 28,018 0.03 35.5 115 159 38.3 

 SUGEN INC.............................................. SUGEN INC................................................. 29,792 34,585 0.03 16.1 160 189 18.1 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

69
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Drugs: biological products, except diagnostic

 substances—continued

 XOMA CORP................................................ XOMA CORP.................................................... 26,371 29,878 0.03 13.3 139 1,660 1,094.2 

AUTOIMMUNE INC........................................ 24,187 72 

MAGAININ PHARM INC............................................ 22,326 60 

TEXAS BIOTECHNOLOGY CORP........................... 22,252 73 

 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic substances 542,086 592,959 0.53 9.4 19,033 15,606 -18.0 

 ALLIANCE PHARMACEUTICAL CP.................. ALLIANCE PHARMACEUTICAL CP................... 33,730 43,278 0.04 28.3 194 213 9.8 

 CHIRON CORP.......................................... CHIRON CORP.............................................. 267,303 296,455 0.27 10.9 7,434 6,482 -12.8 

 CYTOGEN CORP....................................... CYTOGEN CORP........................................... 19,815 24,258 0.02 22.4 164 167 1.8 

 HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC................. HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC................ 40,472 46,140 0.04 14.0 284 353 24.3 

 MALLINCKRODT INC.................................... MALLINCKRODT INC...................................... 116,200 108,000 0.10 -7.1 10,395 7,871 -24.3 

 MILLENNIUM PHARMACTCLS INC........................ MILLENNIUM PHARMACTCLS INC.................... 34,803 74,828 0.07 115.0 359 520 44.8 

SEQUANA THERAPEUTICS INC......................... 29,763 203 

 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 14,105,088 15,733,395 14.13 11.5 499,680 514,369 2.9 

 ABBOTT LABORATORIES.............................. ABBOTT LABORATORIES.............................. 1,204,841 1,302,403 1.17 8.1 52,817 54,487 3.2 

 AGOURON PHARM INC....................................... AGOURON PHARM INC.......................................... 71,010 108,137 0.10 52.3 374 708 89.3 

 ALLERGAN INC........................................... ALLERGAN INC..........................................118,300 131,200 0.12 10.9 6,124 6,112 -0.2 

 ALPHA BETA TECHNOLOGY INC..................... ALPHA BETA TECHNOLOGY INC.................... 25,675 27,392 0.02 6.7 170 103 -39.4 

 ALPHARMA INC -CL A............................... ALPHARMA INC -CL A..................................... 34,269 32,068 0.03 -6.4 2,550 2,600 2.0 

 ALTEON INC........................................................ 23,264 0.02 47 

 ALZA CORP.............................................. ALZA CORP.................................................. 26,800 30,600 0.03 14.2 1,652 1,532 -7.3 

 AMERICAN HOME PROD CORP.................... AMERICAN HOME PROD CORP...............1,429,056 1,558,035 1.40 9.0 59,747 60,523 1.3 

 AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC.............. AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC..................64,998 82,281 0.07 26.6 214 278 29.9 

 AXYS PHARMACEUTICALS INC................. AXYS PHARMACEUTICALS INC...................... 24,319 31,050 0.03 27.7 160 395 146.9 

 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB............................. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB............................ 1,276,000 1,385,000 1.24 8.5 51,200 53,600 4.7 

 CELL THERAPEUTICS INC..................................... 27,285 0.02 179 

 CEPHALON INC.......................................... CEPHALON INC............................................ 62,096 51,587 0.05 -16.9 303 282 -6.9 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

70
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations—

 continued

 COCENSYS INC................................................... 23,308 0.02 90 

 COR THERAPEUTICS INC............................ COR THERAPEUTICS INC..............................50,617 47,831 0.04 -5.5 177 182 2.8 

 GENENTECH INC...................................... GENENTECH INC......................................... 434,092 403,327 0.36 -7.1 3,071 3,242 5.6 

 GENSIA SICOR INC.................................... GENSIA SICOR INC..................................... 31,081 55,318 0.05 78.0 474 NA NA 

 GUILFORD PHARMACEUTICAL INC......................... 30,293 0.03 198 

 ICOS CORPORATION............................... ICOS CORPORATION................................... 30,011 42,783 0.04 42.6 212 252 18.9 

 INHALE THERAPEUTIC SYSTEMS.......................... 23,645 0.02 147 

 INTERNEURON PHARM....................................... INTERNEURON PHARM.............................26,408 53,909 0.05 104.1 139 171 23.0 

 ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC................................. 24,940 0.02 338 

 IVAX CORP............................................... IVAX CORP................................................. 73,353 53,409 0.05 -27.2 8,162 4,500 -44.9 

 JOHNSON & JOHNSON.............................. JOHNSON & JOHNSON................................ 1,905,000 2,140,000 1.92 12.3 89,300 90,500 1.3 

 LILLY (ELI) & CO.......................................... LILLY (ELI) & CO............................................... 1,189,500 1,382,000 1.24 16.2 29,200 31,100 6.5 

 MATRIX PHARMACEUTICAL INC................. MATRIX PHARMACEUTICAL INC................... 24,320 27,214 0.02 11.9 157 105 -33.1 

 MERCK & CO............................................. MERCK & CO.............................................. 1,487,300 1,683,700 1.51 13.2 49,100 53,800 9.6 

 MYLAN LABORATORIES............................... MYLAN LABORATORIES................................ 42,633 46,278 0.04 8.5 1,750 1,946 11.2 

 NEXSTAR PHARMACEUTICALS......................... NEXSTAR PHARMACEUTICALS...................... 46,560 49,315 0.04 5.9 543 558 2.8 

 PFIZER INC.............................................. PFIZER INC.................................................. 1,684,000 1,928,000 1.73 14.5 47,000 49,200 4.7 

 PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC......................... PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC.......................... 1,266,000 1,217,000 1.09 -3.9 31,700 30,000 -5.4 

 REGENERON PHARMACEUT.......................... REGENERON PHARMACEUT..................................... 28,269 27,770 0.02 -1.8 243 270 11.1 

 SCHERER (R P)/DE.................................... SCHERER (R P)/DE......................................... 19,979 25,386 0.02 27.1 3,500 3,600 2.9 

 SCHERING-PLOUGH................................ SCHERING-PLOUGH..................................... 722,800 847,000 0.76 17.2 20,600 22,700 10.2 

 SEQUUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC................ SEQUUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC................... 27,652 32,474 0.03 17.4 247 260 5.3 

 VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC................. VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC................... 35,212 51,624 0.05 46.6 181 223 23.2 

 VIMRX PHARMACEUTICALS INC................... VIMRX PHARMACEUTICALS INC..................... 20,323 54,369 0.05 167.5 59 141 139.0 

 WARNER-LAMBERT CO............................... WARNER-LAMBERT CO.................................. 554,800 672,200 0.60 21.2 38,000 40,000 5.3 

CYGNUS INC.............................................. 23,165 180 

GELTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC.................... 21,755 45 

LIGAND PHARMACEUTICAL -CL B.................... 22,894 329 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

71
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

 Medical instruments 1,888,914 2,018,146 1.81 6.8 133,078 137,004 3.0 

 ACUSON CORP........................................... ACUSON CORP..........................................60,926 57,286 0.05 -6.0 1,777 1,815 2.1 

 AFFYMETRIX INC................................................. 28,168 0.03 242 

 ATL ULTRASOUND INC.............................. ATL ULTRASOUND INC.................................53,969 59,710 0.05 10.6 2,703 2,669 -1.3 

 BARD (C.R.) INC........................................ BARD (C.R.) INC........................................... 77,300 85,800 0.08 11.0 9,800 9,550 -2.6 

 BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC....................... BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC......................... 340,000 392,000 0.35 15.3 37,000 41,000 10.8 

 BECTON DICKINSON & CO................................ BECTON DICKINSON & CO............................. 154,220 180,626 0.16 17.1 17,900 18,900 5.6 

 BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP.............................. BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP......................... 212,295 196,669 0.18 -7.4 9,580 11,000 14.8 

 DATASCOPE CORP..................................... DATASCOPE CORP...................................... 24,275 26,815 0.02 10.5 1,200 1,200 0.0 

 DEPUY INC................................................ DEPUY INC................................................... 21,693 28,419 0.03 31.0 2,926 3,217 9.9 

 GUIDANT CORP......................................... GUIDANT CORP........................................... 152,500 208,300 0.19 36.6 4,449 6,017 35.2 

 INCONTROL INC....................................... INCONTROL INC............................................. 23,112 24,927 0.02 7.9 169 223 32.0 

 MARQUETTE MEDICAL SYS........................... MARQUETTE MEDICAL SYS.................................. 48,106 52,594 0.05 9.3 3,150 3,125 -0.8 

 MEDTRONIC INC........................................ MEDTRONIC INC.......................................... 280,214 297,177 0.27 6.1 13,719 13,954 1.7 

 SPACELABS MED INC................................. SPACELABS MED INC................................... 37,090 65,581 0.06 76.8 1,374 1,600 16.4 

 ST JUDE MEDICAL INC................................ ST JUDE MEDICAL INC.................................74,841 104,693 0.09 39.9 3,620 3,772 4.2 

 STERIS CORP............................................ STERIS CORP............................................... 21,986 23,914 0.02 8.8 4,000 4,500 12.5 

 STRYKER CORP............................................ STRYKER CORP............................................ 64,370 56,895 0.05 -11.6 5,274 5,691 7.9 

 THERMOTREX CORP.................................. THERMOTREX CORP..................................... 24,986 32,067 0.03 28.3 1,383 1,712 23.8 

 TREX MEDICAL CORP........................................... 24,705 0.02 1,041 

 U S SURGICAL CORP.................................. U S SURGICAL CORP....................................58,000 71,800 0.06 23.8 6,133 5,776 -5.8 

ALARIS MEDICAL INC..................................... 52,854 1,356 

HEARTPORT INC........................................... 21,059 275 

NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT INC............................. 54,322 4,742 

VENTRITEX INC........................................... 30,796 548 

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

72
As a

percent Percent Percent 

of the change change 

total from from 

500 1996– 1996– 

1997 1996 1996 1997 in 1997 97 1996 1997 97 

Motor vehicles & other surface

 transportation equipment 19,258,005 18,380,209 16.50 -4.6 1,546,380 1,549,581 0.2 

 Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles,

 campers, military tanks 232,470 286,808 0.26 23.4 72,870 85,060 16.7 

 BRUNSWICK CORP............................... BRUNSWICK CORP.......................................86,500 89,400 0.08 3.4 22,800 25,300 11.0 

 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP........................... GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP............................. 38,000 55,000 0.05 44.7 23,100 29,000 25.5 

 HARLEY-DAVIDSON INC HARLEY-DAVIDSON INC................................ 37,700 53,300 0.05 41.4 5,470 6,060 10.8 

 NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING...............NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING.................... 42,000 38,000 0.03 -9.5 18,000 18,400 2.2 

 POLARIS INDS INC.................................. POLARIS INDS INC........................................ 28,270 26,722 0.02 -5.5 3,500 2,900 -17.1 

 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE CO........................... 24,386 0.02 3,400 

 Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment 19,025,535 18,093,401 16.25 -4.9 1,473,510 1,464,521 -0.6 

 ARVIN INDUSTRIES INC.............................. ARVIN INDUSTRIES INC..............................26,200 25,300 0.02 -3.4 12,982 14,324 10.3 

 BORG WARNER AUTO................................ BORG WARNER AUTO.................................54,400 59,000 0.05 8.5 9,800 10,400 6.1 

 BREED TECHNOLOGIES INC........................ BREED TECHNOLOGIES INC........................... 24,090 36,121 0.03 49.9 7,000 11,100 58.6 

 CHRYSLER CORP...................................... CHRYSLER CORP...................................... 1,600,000 1,700,000 1.53 6.3 126,000 121,000 -4.0 

 DANA CORP............................................... DANA CORP............................................... 164,000 193,000 0.17 17.7 46,100 47,900 3.9 

 ECHLIN INC................................................ ECHLIN INC............................................... 44,711 51,844 0.05 16.0 27,700 31,300 13.0 

 EXCEL INDUSTRIES INC........................................ 25,245 0.02 6,652 

 FORD MOTOR CO......................................... FORD MOTOR CO............................................. 6,821,000 6,327,000 5.68 -7.2 371,702 363,892 -2.1 

 GENERAL MOTORS CORP........................... GENERAL MOTORS CORP............................... 8,900,000 8,200,000 7.36 -7.9 647,000 608,000 -6.0 

 ITT INDUSTRIES INC................................. ITT INDUSTRIES INC...................................... 535,200 496,900 0.45 -7.2 59,000 58,500 -0.8 

 MERITOR AUTOMOTIVE INC....................... MERITOR AUTOMOTIVE INC............................ 51,000 54,000 0.05 5.9 15,300 16,900 10.5 

 NAVISTAR INTERNATIONL........................... NAVISTAR INTERNATIONL.............................. 101,000 92,000 0.08 -8.9 14,187 16,168 14.0 

 PACCAR INC............................................. PACCAR INC.............................................. 47,000 84,000 0.08 78.7 17,000 19,000 11.8 

 STANDARD PRODUCTS CO.......................... STANDARD PRODUCTS CO.............................. 40,934 45,991 0.04 12.4 10,177 10,350 1.7 

 TENNECO INC............................................ TENNECO INC.................................................... 60,000 53,000 0.05 -11.7 44,362 49,335 11.2 

 TRW INC.................................................. TRW INC........................................................ 556,000 650,000 0.58 16.9 65,200 79,700 22.2 

1 

Note that data are only provided for companies in the years for which those companies were in the top 500 in R&D spending. For example, if a company were in the top 

 its R&D expenditure level in 1997 is provided, but its R&D expenditure level in 1996 and all other measures for 1996 are left as blank spaces. This was done to better fac

 of major and minor sectors. In contrast, there are some cases in which, for a particular year, the company in question was, in fact, among the top 500 for R&D, but data a

 regard to employment or sales. In this latter situation, the cells for which data are unavailable are denoted by "NA" for" not available".

SOURCE: Standard and Poor's Compustat, Englewood, CO

Table 4. Comparison of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: R&D, employment, 

R&D Employment 

Major & detailed industrial sector/top 500 corporations

1

In thousands of dollars Number of employees 

73
Page 1 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

Top 500 firms (across all industries) 199,057,903 209,635,382 5.3

 Aircraft, guided missiles & space vehicles 3,686,100 4,449,900 20.7

 ALLIEDSIGNAL INC...................................... ALLIEDSIGNAL INC............................................. 755,000 717,000 -5.0

 BOEING CO................................................. BOEING CO........................................................ 762,000 1,391,000 82.5

 GENCORP INC............................................ GENCORP INC................................................. 47,000 58,000 23.4

 GOODRICH (B F) CO....................................GOODRICH (B F) CO............................................ 184,100 159,900 -13.1

 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP...........................LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP........................................ 737,000 750,000 1.8

 SUNDSTRAND CORP....................................SUNDSTRAND CORP................................................. 64,000 119,000 85.9

 TEXTRON INC............................................TEXTRON INC................................................... 343,000 412,000 20.1

 UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP...................... UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP............................794,000 843,000 6.2

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORP................................ NA

 Basic industries & materials 50,392,908 51,713,149 2.6

 Agr. services; forestry; fishing; 

 mining; construction 146,700 186,400 27.1

 DEKALB GENETICS CORP -CL B...............DEKALB GENETICS CORP -CL B.......................... 30,700 59,400 93.5

 PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONL............. PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONL..................... 116,000 127,000 9.5

 Fabricated metal products, except

 machinery & transp. eq. 2,044,074 2,076,520 1.6

 AEROQUIP-VICKERS INC.......................... AEROQUIP-VICKERS INC.................................... 90,626 139,811 54.3

 CROWN CORK & SEAL CO INC................CROWN CORK & SEAL CO INC........................... 631,200 514,800 -18.4

 DANAHER CORP.......................................DANAHER CORP.............................................. 51,255 62,808 22.5

 FORTUNE BRANDS INC..............................FORTUNE BRANDS INC................................... 239,600 196,900 -17.8

 GILLETTE CO..........................................GILLETTE CO..................................................... 829,700 973,000 17.3

 PARKER-HANNIFIN CORP................................ PARKER-HANNIFIN CORP.....................................201,693 189,201 -6.2

 Food & kindred products; tobacco products 4,939,533 4,664,939 -5.6

 BESTFOODS.............................................BESTFOODS.................................................. 540,000 321,000 -40.6

 CAMPBELL SOUP CO..............................CAMPBELL SOUP CO....................................... 416,000 331,000 -20.4

 HERSHEY FOODS CORP............................ HERSHEY FOODS CORP............................... 159,433 172,939 8.5

 KELLOGG CO..........................................KELLOGG CO............................................. 307,300 312,400 1.7

 NABISCO HLDGS CORP -CL A................... NABISCO HLDGS CORP -CL A........................... 437,000 392,000 -10.3

 PHILIP MORRIS COS INC.......................... PHILIP MORRIS COS INC............................... 1,782,000 1,874,000 5.2

 QUAKER OATS CO.................................. QUAKER OATS CO.......................................... 242,700 215,700 -11.1

 RALSTON PURINA CO.............................RALSTON PURINA CO.................................... 314,100 282,900 -9.9

 RJR NABISCO HLDGS CORP.....................RJR NABISCO HLDGS CORP............................. 741,000 763,000 3.0

 Lumber, wood products, & furniture 2,079,671 1,439,200 -30.8

 BE AEROSPACE INC..............................BE AEROSPACE INC............................................................. 14,471 NA NA

 HILLENBRAND INDUSTRIES....................... HILLENBRAND INDUSTRIES........................................92,000 85,000 -7.6

 JOHNSON CONTROLS INC........................JOHNSON CONTROLS INC............................. 370,400 370,900 0.1

 LEAR CORP............................................ LEAR CORP.................................................. 153,800 187,900 22.2

 STEELCASE INC...................................... STEELCASE INC.......................................... 122,000 126,400 3.6

 WEYERHAEUSER CO............................... WEYERHAEUSER CO................................... 1,327,000 669,000 -49.6

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 corporations for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

[In thousands of dollars]

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

74
Page 2 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

 Misc. products (leather, toys, 

 jewelry, musical inst.) 382,531 421,955 10.3

 CALLAWAY GOLF CO.............................. 67,938

 HASBRO INC............................................ HASBRO INC............................................. 101,946 99,356 -2.5

 INTL GAME TECHNOLOGY.......................... INTL GAME TECHNOLOGY................................ 71,575 33,088 -53.8

 MATTEL INC..........................................MATTEL INC............................................... 209,010 221,573 6.0

 Printing, publishing, & allied industries 272,158 395,504 45.3

 DOW JONES & CO INC............................. DOW JONES & CO INC................................... 232,178 347,797 49.8

 REYNOLDS & REYNOLDS -CL A..................REYNOLDS & REYNOLDS -CL A.......................... 39,980 47,707 19.3

 Stone, clay, glass, & concrete products 1,434,758 1,598,779 11.4

 CORNING INC.................................... CORNING INC............................................ 597,800 774,800 29.6

 DONNELLY CORP...................................DONNELLY CORP............................................ 20,585 35,151 70.8

 JOHNS MANVILLE INTL GRP INC...............JOHNS MANVILLE INTL GRP INC..................................... 102,973 90,528 -12.1

 OWENS CORNING.................................OWENS CORNING........................................ 325,000 227,000 -30.2

 OWENS-ILLINOIS INC..............................OWENS-ILLINOIS INC...................................... 388,400 471,300 21.3

 Textile & apparel products 108,767 113,793 4.6

 ALBANY INTL CORP -CL A........................ALBANY INTL CORP -CL A................................... 53,473 50,804 -5.0

 DEXTER CORP............................................ DEXTER CORP.................................................... 55,294 62,989 13.9

 Oil & gas extraction; petrol. Reflining &

 related ind 30,542,101 33,025,107 8.1

 AMOCO CORP.......................................AMOCO CORP................................................ 3,910,000 3,344,000 -14.5

 ASHLAND INC..........................................ASHLAND INC................................................. 510,000 431,000 -15.5

 ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO.......................... ATLANTIC RICHFIELD CO.............................. 2,141,000 2,985,000 39.4

 CHEVRON CORP................................. CHEVRON CORP............................................ 3,250,000 3,840,000 18.2

 DRESSER INDUSTRIES INC...................... DRESSER INDUSTRIES INC............................. 335,400 303,000 -9.7

 EXXON CORP.......................................EXXON CORP............................................. 7,209,000 7,393,000 2.6

 HALLIBURTON CO................................... HALLIBURTON CO.............................................. 395,700 577,100 45.8

 MOBIL CORP........................................MOBIL CORP................................................. 4,967,000 4,689,000 -5.6

 PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO......................... PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO.................................

 SCHLUMBERGER LTD.............................SCHLUMBERGER LTD.................................. 1,157,957 1,495,980 29.2

 SHELL OIL CO.......................................SHELL OIL CO................................................ 3,414,000 3,131,000 -8.3

 TEXACO INC.........................................TEXACO INC.....................................................2,897,000 4,131,000 42.6

 WESTERN ATLAS INC.............................WESTERN ATLAS INC..................................... 355,044 705,027 98.6

 Paper & allied products 4,908,441 5,102,898 4.0

 AVERY DENNISON CORP.......................AVERY DENNISON CORP.............................. 187,600 177,300 -5.5

 FORT JAMES CORP...............................FORT JAMES CORP......................................... 426,100 505,900 18.7

 INTL PAPER CO.....................................INTL PAPER CO............................................. 1,394,000 1,111,000 -20.3

 KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP...........................KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP................................. 883,700 944,300 6.9

 MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO................. MINNESOTA MINING & MFG CO......................... 1,109,000 1,406,000 26.8

 UNION CAMP CORP................................UNION CAMP CORP......................................... 386,443 337,226 -12.7

 WESTVACO CORP..................................... WESTVACO CORP........................................... 521,598 621,172 19.1

See SOURCE at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

75
Page 3 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

 Ferrous metal products 347,600 96,300 -72.3

 ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC.....................ALLEGHENY TELEDYNE INC................................................ 88,600 96,300 8.7

BETHLEHEM STEEL CORP.................................................. 259,000

 Nonferrous metal products 1,768,670 1,370,489 -22.5

 ALUMINUM CO OF AMERICA...................ALUMINUM CO OF AMERICA............................. 995,700 912,400 -8.4

 ANDREW CORP........................................ ANDREW CORP.............................................. 52,475 49,144 -6.3

 ENGELHARD CORP.................................ENGELHARD CORP....................................... 128,195 136,945 6.8

 REYNOLDS METALS CO...........................REYNOLDS METALS CO.......................................432,000 272,000 -37.0

KAISER ALUMINUM CORP......................................160,300

 Rubber & misc. plastic prod. (tires, 

 plastic footwear, etc.) 1,417,904 1,221,265 -13.9

 ARMSTRONG WORLD INDS INC...............ARMSTRONG WORLD INDS INC...................... 220,700 141,700 -35.8

 COLTEC INDUSTRIES..............................COLTEC INDUSTRIES.................................... 44,550 81,218 82.3

 GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO...............GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO........................ 617,500 699,000 13.2

 MARK IV INDUSTRIES INC........................MARK IV INDUSTRIES INC.................................. 106,900 153,500 43.6

 RUBBERMAID INC................................... RUBBERMAID INC............................................... 171,764 145,847 -15.1

APTARGROUP INC........................................ 62,794

COOPER TIRE & RUBBER............................... 193,696

Chemicals 15,979,555 16,409,997 2.7

 Industrial chem.; plastic & other

 synthetic materials 10,907,622 11,681,488 7.1

 AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS INC..............AIR PRODUCTS & CHEMICALS INC.........................951,000 870,200 -8.5

 ALBEMARLE CORP........................................ ALBEMARLE CORP............................................. 90,439 85,284 -5.7

 ARCO CHEMICAL CO....................................ARCO CHEMICAL CO.......................................... 244,000 263,000 7.8

 BORDEN INC............................................... BORDEN INC................................................. 242,500 129,700 -46.5

 BUSH BOAKE ALLEN INC................................... BUSH BOAKE ALLEN INC................................. 39,629 33,481 -15.5

 CROMPTON & KNOWLES CORP...................... CROMPTON & KNOWLES CORP............................. 39,204 50,176 28.0

 DOW CHEMICAL........................................... DOW CHEMICAL............................................... 1,344,000 1,198,000 -10.9

 DU PONT (E I) DE NEMOURS.......................... DU PONT (E I) DE NEMOURS.................................. 3,303,000 4,768,000 44.4

 EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO..............................EASTMAN CHEMICAL CO................................. 789,000 749,000 -5.1

 ETHYL CORP................................................ETHYL CORP.................................................... 29,403 43,496 47.9

 FERRO CORP.............................................. FERRO CORP................................................. 46,655 45,129 -3.3

 INTL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES....................... INTL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES.......................... 79,425 58,211 -26.7

 LUBRIZOL CORP................................................ LUBRIZOL CORP............................................. 94,297 100,700 6.8

 MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC......................MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC............................ 285,000 152,000 -46.7

 MONSANTO CO............................................ MONSANTO CO............................................... 692,000 644,000 -6.9

 OLIN CORP.................................................. OLIN CORP...................................................... 126,000 140,000 11.1

 PRAXAIR INC............................................... PRAXAIR INC................................................ 893,000 902,000 1.0

 ROHM & HAAS CO........................................ ROHM & HAAS CO............................................. 334,000 254,000 -24.0

 SOLUTIA INC................................................SOLUTIA INC...................................................... 192,000 165,000 -14.1

 UNION CARBIDE CORP................................ UNION CARBIDE CORP..........................................721,000 755,000 4.7

 UNIVERSAL FOODS CORP............................. UNIVERSAL FOODS CORP................................. 59,012 73,502 24.6

 WITCO CORP................................................. WITCO CORP................................................. 161,163 201,609 25.1

INTL SPECIALTY PRODS INC.............................. 54,587

MINERALS TECHNOLOGIES INC.................................97,308

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

[In thousands of dollars]

76
Page 4 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

 Other chem. (soaps, ink, paints, fertilizers, 

 explosives, etc.) 5,071,933 4,728,509 -6.8

 AVON PRODUCTS........................................ AVON PRODUCTS......................................... 103,600 169,400 63.5

 BETZDEARBORN INC..................................... BETZDEARBORN INC..................................... 64,900 78,000 20.2

 CARTER-WALLACE INC.................................. CARTER-WALLACE INC.................................. 31,066 15,676 -49.5

 CLOROX CO/DE............................................ CLOROX CO/DE............................................. 84,804 95,188 12.2

 COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO............................... COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO.................................. 459,000 478,500 4.2

 CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC................................ CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC................................. 72,500 91,400 26.1

 ECOLAB INC.................................................. ECOLAB INC................................................ 111,518 121,667 9.1

 FMC CORP.................................................... FMC CORP................................................... 533,000 316,700 -40.6

 FULLER (H. B.) CO.................................................... FULLER (H. B.) CO........................................... 89,847 69,224 -23.0

 GRACE (W R) & CO............................................. GRACE (W R) & CO....................................... 456,600 258,700 -43.3

 GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP..................................... GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORP.............................237,464 132,981 -44.0

 HERCULES INC............................................ HERCULES INC............................................. 120,000 119,000 -0.8

 LAUDER ESTEE COS INC -CL A........................................ LAUDER ESTEE COS INC -CL A........................... 63,400 82,900 30.8

 MORTON INTERNATIONAL INC......................................... MORTON INTERNATIONAL INC......................... 216,400 117,400 -45.7

 NALCO CHEMICAL CO................................... NALCO CHEMICAL CO.................................... 92,500 101,400 9.6

 PPG INDUSTRIES INC..................................... PPG INDUSTRIES INC.................................... NA NA NA

 PROCTER & GAMBLE CO................................... PROCTER & GAMBLE CO............................... 2,179,000 2,129,000 -2.3

 REVLON CONSUMER PRODUCTS CP...........REVLON CONSUMER PRODUCTS CP.............. 58,000 56,500 -2.6

 SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO.............................. 163,955

 SMITH INTERNATIONAL INC............................ SMITH INTERNATIONAL INC.............................. 72,958 82,787 13.5

 VALSPAR CORP.............................................VALSPAR CORP............................................ 25,376 48,131 89.7

Engineering, accounting, & research/

 testing services 133,190 163,012 22.4

 CERIDIAN CORP..................................................... CERIDIAN CORP............................................. 52,700 44,200 -16.1

 EG&G INC............................................................ EG&G INC....................................................... 80,490 48,729 -39.5

 SCIENCE APPLCTNS INTL............................... 70,083

Finance, insurance, real estate 37,133 258,815 597.0

 INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORP............................ INTERDIGITAL COMMUN CORP........................... 4,073 3,475 -14.7

 LORAL SPACE & COMMUNICATIONS................ 255,340

SEI INVESTMENTS CO................................ 33,060

General services 3,061,709 3,339,130 9.1

 Other (noncomputer) bus. serv (advertising, 

 equip. rental, etc.) 44,956 62,998 40.1

 CELLNET DATA SYSTEMS INC......................... CELLNET DATA SYSTEMS INC........................ 44,956 56,059 24.7

 CMG INFORMATION SERVICES INC............. 6,939

 Transportation; freight & warehousing; & 

 pipeline services 2,339,600 3,233,000 38.2

 UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE......................... UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE......................2,339,600 3,233,000 38.2

See SOURCE at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

77
Page 5 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

 Wholesale & retail trade 677,153 43,132 -93.6

 CRANE CO.................................................... CRANE CO................................................... 50,471 40,642 -19.5

 SCIOS INC..................................................... SCIOS INC.................................................... 6,682 2,490 -62.7

TRICON GLOBAL RESTAURANTS......................................................... 620,000

Information & electronics 53,018,113 53,624,756 1.1

 Calculating/accounting mach. &

 office machines, nec 362,873 374,291 3.1

 BELL & HOWELL COMPANY.........................BELL & HOWELL COMPANY.............................. 42,744 36,380 -14.9

 DIEBOLD INC.............................................DIEBOLD INC.................................................. 33,581 67,722 101.7

 PITNEY BOWES INC....................................PITNEY BOWES INC..............................................271,972 244,065 -10.3

 TELXON CORP............................................ TELXON CORP.........................................................14,576 26,124 79.2

 Communicatons serv. (phone, satellite,

 radio/TV, cable, etc.) 13,555,977 12,676,013 -6.5

 AT&T CORP................................................. AT&T CORP..................................................... 6,339,000 7,143,000 12.7

 GEOTEK COMMUNICATIONS...........................GEOTEK COMMUNICATIONS............................. 50,046 61,720 23.3

 GTE CORP.................................................GTE CORP....................................................... 4,088,000 5,128,000 25.4

 OMNIPOINT CORP.......................................OMNIPOINT CORP............................................ 173,831 338,725 94.9

 SMARTALK TELESERVICES INC........................ 4,568

NYNEX CORP.................................................. 2,905,100

 Computer integrated systems design 130,094 380,542 192.5

 CERNER CORP.............................................CERNER CORP................................................... 15,341 14,982 -2.3

 HBO & CO................................................HBO & CO......................................................... 20,779 63,068 203.5

 INTERGRAPH CORP...................................... INTERGRAPH CORP........................................... 30,563 24,785 -18.9

 MENTOR GRAPHICS CORP............................ MENTOR GRAPHICS CORP................................ 23,931 32,614 36.3

 SABRE GROUP HLDGS INC -CL A...................... 218,124

 SHARED MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORP...............SHARED MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORP................... 28,232 26,969 -4.5

LANDMARK GRAPHICS CORP............................. 11,248

 Computer networking communications equip 1,126,597 913,803 -18.9

 3COM CORP.................................................. 3COM CORP...................................................... 247,803 NA NA

 ADAPTEC INC.............................................ADAPTEC INC.................................................. 87,959 97,699 11.1

 ASCEND COMMUNICATIONS INC.................... ASCEND COMMUNICATIONS INC...................... 38,703 105,343 172.2

 AUSPEX SYSTEMS INC.................................. 16,385

 BAY NETWORKS INC....................................BAY NETWORKS INC......................................... 170,574 109,938 -35.5

 CABLETRON SYSTEMS.................................. CABLETRON SYSTEMS.................................. 94,368 74,264 -21.3

 CIRRUS LOGIC INC.......................................CIRRUS LOGIC INC......................................... 30,722 NA NA

 CISCO SYSTEMS INC....................................CISCO SYSTEMS INC....................................... 282,840 330,297 16.8

 DIALOGIC CORP..........................................DIALOGIC CORP............................................... 10,722 10,712 -0.1

 ELECTRONICS FOR IMAGING INC................ELECTRONICS FOR IMAGING INC..................... 10,655 38,530 261.6

 FORE SYSTEMS INC..................................... FORE SYSTEMS INC......................................... 38,875 48,827 25.6

 NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECH INC....................... NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECH INC......................... 13,910 30,322 118.0

 S3 INCORPORATED.......................................S3 INCORPORATED.................................................... 23,403 28,085 20.0

 SHIVA CORP................................................SHIVA CORP................................................... 16,089 11,295 -29.8

 XYLAN CORP................................................. 12,106

See SOURCE at end of table

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

[In thousands of dollars]

78
Page 6 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Computer networking communications equip.— [Percent]

 continued CASCADE COMMUNICATIONS CORP................ 32,334

DIGI INTERNATIONAL INC................................ 12,902

NETWORK GENERAL CORP.................................. 14,738

 Computer peripheral equip. (printers,

 scanners, etc.) 221,473 167,816 -24.2

 CALCOMP TECHNOLOGY INC......................... CALCOMP TECHNOLOGY INC.......................... 6,593 10,942 66.0

 C-CUBE MICROSYSTEMS INC........................C-CUBE MICROSYSTEMS INC.......................... 17,141 13,572 -20.8

 DIAMOND MULTIMEDIA SYS INC.................... 7,219

 LEXMARK INTL GRP INC -CL A........................LEXMARK INTL GRP INC -CL A............................ 145,000 69,500 -52.1

 LOGITECH INTL S A -ADR..............................LOGITECH INTL S A -ADR..................................... 18,059 13,013 -27.9

 SECURITY DYNAMICS TECH INC................... 10,891

 SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES..............................SYMBOL TECHNOLOGIES................................ 34,680 42,679 23.1

 Computer storage devices 2,004,239 2,076,732 3.6

 DATA GENERAL CORP................................... DATA GENERAL CORP......................................... 94,670 110,505 16.7

 DIGITAL EQUIPMENT....................................DIGITAL EQUIPMENT........................................ 431,307 395,691 -8.3

 EMC CORP/MA.............................................EMC CORP/MA............................................... 125,973 210,797 67.3

 EXABYTE CORP.........................................EXABYTE CORP............................................... 19,276 11,810 -38.7

 IOMEGA CORP.............................................IOMEGA CORP............................................... 73,457 85,871 16.9

 QUANTUM CORP............................................ QUANTUM CORP............................................. 174,977 149,749 -14.4

 SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY........................................... SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY.................................... 906,937 890,458 -1.8

 STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CP -CL A................. STORAGE TECHNOLOGY CP -CL A.................................................. 68,946 65,893 -4.4

 WESTERN DIGITAL CORP................................. WESTERN DIGITAL CORP................................. 108,696 155,958 43.5

SYQUEST TECHNOLOGY INC............................ NA

 Electronic components (semiconductors,

 coils, etc.) 11,985,814 11,249,167 -6.1

 ACTEL CORP................................................. ACTEL CORP................................................. 7,786 6,764 -13.1

 ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES...........................ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES........................... 485,018 685,100 41.3

 ALTERA CORP.............................................ALTERA CORP............................................. 45,172 80,879 79.0

 AMP INC....................................................AMP INC....................................................... 592,341 481,286 -18.7

 ANALOG DEVICES........................................ ANALOG DEVICES......................................... 234,099 179,374 -23.4

 APPLIED MAGNETICS CORP............................ APPLIED MAGNETICS CORP.............................. 69,900 96,065 37.4

 ARTESYN TECHNOLOGIES INC........................................... 22,231

 ATMEL CORP............................................... ATMEL CORP.................................................. 511,019 312,066 -38.9

 BERG ELECTRONICS CORP.................................. BERG ELECTRONICS CORP.............................. 61,556 85,010 38.1

 BURR-BROWN CORP...................................... BURR-BROWN CORP....................................... 31,919 25,637 -19.7

 CHIPS & TECHNOLOGIES INC..................................... CHIPS & TECHNOLOGIES INC.......................... 3,324 5,049 51.9

 CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP..................... CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP................... 195,280 142,305 -27.1

 DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.................... DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.................... 60,451 58,645 -3.0

 ESS TECHNOLOGY INC............................... ESS TECHNOLOGY INC.................................... 14,015 15,207 8.5

 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYSTEMS..................... 3,358

 INTEGRATED SILICON SOLUTION..................... INTEGRATED SILICON SOLUTION...................... 20,423 13,985 -31.5

 INTEL CORP................................................. INTEL CORP........................................................ 3,024,000 4,501,000 48.8

 INTL RECTIFIER CORP................................... INTL RECTIFIER CORP............................................ 112,275 99,762 -11.1

 KEMET CORP................................................... KEMET CORP...................................................................................... 84,753 114,516 35.1

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

[In thousands of dollars]

79
Page 7 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Electronic components (semiconductors, [Percent]

 coils, etc.)—continued

 LEVEL ONE COMMUNICATIONS INC...............LEVEL ONE COMMUNICATIONS INC.................. 9,837 17,033 73.2

 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP........................LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP......................... 70,383 21,850 -69.0

 LSI LOGIC CORP............................................. LSI LOGIC CORP............................................. 361,776 513,298 41.9

 MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS............................... MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTS...................... 75,061 44,187 -41.1

 MEMC ELECTRONIC MATRIALS INC....................... MEMC ELECTRONIC MATRIALS INC.................. 590,049 372,416 -36.9

 MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC........................MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC..................... 79,012 145,301 83.9

 MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC...........................MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC.......................... 1,425,900 516,900 -63.7

 MOLEX INC..................................................... MOLEX INC................................................... 222,389 208,558 -6.2

 NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP.......................... NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORP................... 593,000 622,000 4.9

 OAK TECHNOLOGY INC................................ OAK TECHNOLOGY INC.................................. 12,665 6,908 -45.5

 READ-RITE CORP..........................................READ-RITE CORP....................................................... 265,847 272,768 2.6

 SCI SYSTEMS INC......................................... SCI SYSTEMS INC.......................................... 109,912 109,739 -0.2

 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC..............................TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC................................ 2,063,000 1,238,000 -40.0

 THOMAS & BETTS CORP.................................THOMAS & BETTS CORP................................... 107,807 116,719 8.3

 VLSI TECHNOLOGY INC.................................VLSI TECHNOLOGY INC.................................... 270,466 85,551 -68.4

 XILINX INC...................................................XILINX INC........................................................ 26,803 29,700 10.8

CYRIX CORP................................................... 12,634

HUTCHINSON TECH........................................ 77,065

SILICONIX INC................................................. 39,511

STANDARD MICROSYSTEMS CORP..........................19,366

 Electronic computers & computer terminals 9,964,264 11,491,962 15.3

 APPLE COMPUTER INC..................................... APPLE COMPUTER INC..................................... 67,000 53,000 -20.9

 COMPAQ COMPUTER CORP...........................COMPAQ COMPUTER CORP.............................. 342,000 729,000 113.2

 DELL COMPUTER CORP.................................. DELL COMPUTER CORP.................................... 114,000 187,000 64.0

 ENCORE COMPUTER CORP............................ ENCORE COMPUTER CORP................................. 7,433 1,525 -79.5

 HEWLETT-PACKARD CO................................... HEWLETT-PACKARD CO................................... 2,201,000 2,338,000 6.2

 INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP................... INTL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP......................... 5,883,000 6,793,000 15.5

 NCR CORP...................................................NCR CORP...................................................... 423,000 309,000 -27.0

 SEQUENT COMPUTER SYSTEMS INC...............SEQUENT COMPUTER SYSTEMS INC.................... 80,617 58,698 -27.2

 SILICON GRAPHICS INC................................... SILICON GRAPHICS INC................................... 188,853 214,989 13.8

 STRATUS COMPUTER INC............................... STRATUS COMPUTER INC.................................. 48,165 73,832 53.3

 SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC.................................. SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC................................ 295,638 554,018 87.4

 UNISYS CORP................................................... UNISYS CORP......................................................162,300 179,900 10.8

TANDEM COMPUTERS INC.................................. 151,258

 Household audio & video equipment, &

 audio recordings 1,053,054 1,035,678 -1.7

 GENERAL MOTORS CL H............................... GENERAL MOTORS CL H.................................. 843,500 884,800 4.9

 HARMAN INTERNATIONAL INDS........................ HARMAN INTERNATIONAL INDS........................... 80,554 68,378 -15.1

 ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORP........................... ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORP.............................. 129,000 82,500 -36.0

 Laboratory controlling & measuring instruments 1,547,567 1,665,022 7.6

 ANALOGIC CORP............................................ ANALOGIC CORP............................................. 6,233 6,301 1.1

 BECKMAN COULTER INC................................ BECKMAN COULTER INC................................... 110,500 100,900 -8.7

 BIO-RAD LABS -CL A................................... BIO-RAD LABS -CL A..............................................15,235 23,571 54.7

 COHERENT INC.............................................COHERENT INC................................................... 24,930 24,864 -0.3

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

[In thousands of dollars]

80
Page 8 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Laboratory controlling & measuring [Percent]

 instruments—continued

 CREDENCE SYSTEMS CORP.......................... CREDENCE SYSTEMS CORP............................... 24,689 16,223 -34.3

 EMERSON ELECTRIC CO............................... EMERSON ELECTRIC CO................................ 513,500 575,400 12.1

 HONEYWELL INC......................................HONEYWELL INC........................................... 296,500 298,300 0.6

 KLA-TENCOR CORP............................................. KLA-TENCOR CORP........................................ 39,089 56,793 45.3

 LTX CORP.................................................... LTX CORP...................................................... 20,006 16,116 -19.4

 MILLIPORE CORP.................................... MILLIPORE CORP............................................. 30,427 41,063 35.0

 PERKIN-ELMER CORP...................................... PERKIN-ELMER CORP....................................... 32,367 62,167 92.1

 QUICKTURN DESIGN SYSTEMS INC................ 7,529

 ROBOTIC VISION SYSTEMS INC..................... 6,869

 SEPRACOR INC........................................... SEPRACOR INC.............................................. 10,121 2,653 -73.8

 SNAP-ON INC............................................... SNAP-ON INC................................................... 52,333 55,442 5.9

 TERADYNE INC.........................................TERADYNE INC.................................................. 75,229 132,131 75.6

 THERMO ELECTRON CORP............................ THERMO ELECTRON CORP............................... 124,541 111,605 -10.4

 THERMO INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS...................... THERMO INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS........................ 19,134 29,198 52.6

 THERMO OPTEK CORP.................................. THERMO OPTEK CORP........................................ 7,502 7,342 -2.1

 THERMOQUEST CORP................................... THERMOQUEST CORP..................................... 3,761 6,261 66.5

 TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD..............................TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LTD................................ 10,359 10,991 6.1

 VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC............................... VARIAN ASSOCIATES INC................................. 67,736 55,087 -18.7

 WATERS CORP.............................................WATERS CORP.................................................. 10,064 18,216 81.0

COGNEX CORP................................................. 10,154

MEASUREX CORP............................................. 10,369

TENCOR INSTRUMENTS..................................... 32,788

 Modems & other wired telephone equipment 1,603,558 2,199,054 37.1

 ADC TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC................ADC TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC 69,057 119,030 72.4

 ADTRAN INC..............................................ADTRAN INC...................................................... 29,662 18,221 -38.6

 ADVANCED FIBRE COMM INC....................... 17,767

 ASPECT TELECOMMUNICATIONS................. ASPECT TELECOMMUNICATIONS....................... 33,210 24,922 -25.0

 BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES INC................ BROADBAND TECHNOLOGIES INC..................... 4,388 3,921 -10.6

 CIENA CORP.................................................. 66,627

 COMVERSE TECHNOLOGY INC........................ COMVERSE TECHNOLOGY INC........................ 9,745 12,580 29.1

 DSC COMMUNICATIONS CORP........................DSC COMMUNICATIONS CORP........................ 122,419 143,056 16.9

 GENERAL DATACOMM INDS........................GENERAL DATACOMM INDS.............................. 14,449 11,580 -19.9

 LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC........................LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.......................... 939,000 1,635,000 74.1

 PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES INC...................... 13,488

 PICTURETEL CORP...................................... PICTURETEL CORP............................................ 38,547 21,645 -43.8

 RELTEC CORP.............................................. RELTEC CORP................................................ 16,900 26,500 56.8

 TELLABS INC............................................... TELLABS INC................................................... 64,831 84,717 30.7

BOSTON TECHNOLOGY INC.............................. 22,482

CENTIGRAM COMMUNICATIONS CP.................................. 10,615

OCTEL COMMUNICATIONS CORP....................... 39,243

U S ROBOTICS CORP...................................... 189,010

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

[In thousands of dollars]

81
Page 9 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

 Multiple & miscellaneous computer &

 data processing services 404,093 414,479 2.6

 AMERICA ONLINE INC.................................. AMERICA ONLINE INC...................................... 50,262 149,768 198.0

 AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING................... AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING..................... 163,525 175,289 7.2

 BARRA INC................................................. 8,858

 INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS INC..................INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS INC...................... 20,188 26,136 29.5

 SUNGARD DATA SYSTEMS INC.................... SUNGARD DATA SYSTEMS INC......................... 41,347 54,428 31.6

COMPUSERVE CORP....................................... 120,590

CSG SYSTEMS INTL INC.................................... 8,181

 Opthalmic goods, photogrph. equp. & clocks 2,278,349 2,391,037 4.9

 AVID TECHNOLOGY INC............................... AVID TECHNOLOGY INC....................................

 BAUSCH & LOMB INC....................................BAUSCH & LOMB INC..................................... 130,300 126,100 -3.2

 EASTMAN KODAK CO.................................. EASTMAN KODAK CO...................................... 1,341,000 1,485,000 10.7

 IMATION CORP........................................... IMATION CORP............................................... 167,400 116,300 -30.5

 POLAROID CORP......................................... POLAROID CORP..................................................121,800 134,300 10.3

 ULTRATECH STEPPER INC..............................ULTRATECH STEPPER INC.............................. 7,849 9,337 19.0

 XEROX CORP............................................... XEROX CORP..................................................... 510,000 520,000 2.0

 Prepackaged software 2,099,650 2,074,568 -1.2

 ACCLAIM ENMNT INC....................................ACCLAIM ENMNT INC...................................... 13,488 2,671 -80.2

 ACTIVISION INC........................................... 8,288

 ADOBE SYSTEMS INC.................................. ADOBE SYSTEMS INC..................................... 45,869 33,882 -26.1

 ASPEN TECHNOLOGY INC............................. ASPEN TECHNOLOGY INC............................... 7,017 18,093 157.8

 AUTODESK INC..........................................AUTODESK INC............................................... 17,409 15,000 -13.8

 AVANT CORP.............................................AVANT CORP.................................................... 4,583 25,190 449.6

 BAAN COMPANY NV...................................BAAN COMPANY NV...............................................21,273 42,457 99.6

 BEA SYSTEMS INC...................................... BEA SYSTEMS INC......................................... 4,667 2,891 -38.1

 BMC SOFTWARE INC....................................BMC SOFTWARE INC...................................... 26,803 66,980 149.9

 BOOLE & BABBAGE INC.............................. 3,752

 BRODERBUND SOFTWARE INC.....................BRODERBUND SOFTWARE INC...................... 3,963 4,445 12.2

 CADENCE DESIGN SYS INC...........................CADENCE DESIGN SYS INC............................. 62,089 92,428 48.9

 CHECKFREE HOLDINGS CORP................... 9,755

 COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTL INC...............COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTL INC................... 53,000 NA NA

 COMPUWARE CORP....................................COMPUWARE CORP........................................ 23,442 28,006 19.5

 EDWARDS J D & CO...................................EDWARDS J D & CO......................................... 41,135 22,436 -45.5

 ELECTRONIC ARTS INC............................... ELECTRONIC ARTS INC................................... 36,212 45,238 24.9

 FILENET CORP.............................................FILENET CORP.................................................. 17,866 14,266 -20.2

 FTP SOFTWARE INC...................................... FTP SOFTWARE INC.......................................... 9,072 3,530 -61.1

 HARBINGER CORP...................................... 8,576

 HYPERION SOFTWARE CORP......................... HYPERION SOFTWARE CORP..................................32,218 16,701 -48.2

 I2 TECHNOLOGIES INC................................ 14,158

 IDX SYSTEMS CORP...................................IDX SYSTEMS CORP.......................................... 5,654 15,711 177.9

 INDUS INTERNATIONAL INC........................... 8,901

 INFINIUM SOFTWARE INC................................ 3,240

 INFORMIX CORP............................................ INFORMIX CORP..................................................148,270 93,786 -36.7

 INSO CORP................................................. 5,187

See SOURCE at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

82
Page 10 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Prepackaged software—continued [Percent]

 INTERSOLV.................................................... 4,487

 INTUIT INC.................................................... INTUIT INC....................................................... 69,321 27,597 -60.2

 MANUGISTICS GROUP INC.............................. NA

 MARCAM SOLUTIONS INC...........................MARCAM SOLUTIONS INC.........................................6,114 3,510 -42.6

 MICROPROSE INC........................................ MICROPROSE INC.......................................... 2,931 2,292 -21.8

 MICROSOFT CORP.......................................MICROSOFT CORP.......................................... 494,000 499,000 1.0

 MIDWAY GAMES INC..................................MIDWAY GAMES INC................................... 3,107 4,699 51.2

 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS CORP.....................NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS CORP.......................... 6,811 21,998 223.0

 NETMANAGE INC......................................... NETMANAGE INC............................................. 4,716 326 -93.1

 NETSCAPE COMMUNICATIONS CORP.................... NETSCAPE COMMUNICATIONS CORP................. 81,931 100,368 22.5

 NETWORKS ASSOCIATES INC...................... NETWORKS ASSOCIATES INC............................. 7,243 23,305 221.8

 NOVELL INC................................................. NOVELL INC.................................................... 101,001 64,796 -35.8

 ON TECHNOLOGY CORP.................................. ON TECHNOLOGY CORP................................... 4,476 1,728 -61.4

 OPEN MARKET INC..................................... 7,146

 ORACLE CORP.............................................ORACLE CORP................................................ 390,741 328,358 -16.0

 PARAMETRIC TECHNOLOGY CORP................... PARAMETRIC TECHNOLOGY CORP...........................29,650 28,809 -2.8

 PEOPLESOFT INC........................................ 55,388

 PHOENIX TECHNOLOGIES LTD.......................... PHOENIX TECHNOLOGIES LTD............................ 4,328 6,561 51.6

 PROGRESS SOFTWARE CORP.......................... PROGRESS SOFTWARE CORP............................. 9,545 10,048 5.3

 QAD INC....................................................... QAD INC.......................................................... 3,443 13,561 293.9

 RATIONAL SOFTWARE CORP............................ RATIONAL SOFTWARE CORP............................... 9,143 29,961 227.7

 SANTA CRUZ OPERATION INC.............................. SANTA CRUZ OPERATION INC............................ 4,874 1,796 -63.2

 STERLING COMMERCE INC.......................... 32,148

 STERLING SOFTWARE INC..............................STERLING SOFTWARE INC................................. 11,991 26,631 122.1

 STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS RESEARCH............... STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS RESEARCH................. 14,250 13,640 -4.3

 SYBASE INC.................................................. SYBASE INC................................................... 82,258 36,362 -55.8

 SYMANTEC CORP......................................... SYMANTEC CORP............................................ 27,195 26,339 -3.1

 SYNOPSYS INC.............................................SYNOPSYS INC.......................................................39,221 54,486 38.9

 SYSTEM SOFTWARE ASSOC INC.................... SYSTEM SOFTWARE ASSOC INC............................................ 11,400 4,900 -57.0

 USCS INTL INC.............................................USCS INTL INC............................................... 29,397 32,579 10.8

 VERITAS SOFTWARE CO.............................. 6,181

3DO COMPANY.............................................. 4,304

7TH LEVEL INC................................................ 9,643

CHEYENNE SOFTWARE INC.................................. 13,914

COMPUTERVISION CORP................................ 11,479

GENERAL MAGIC INC........................................ 2,203

PURE ATRIA CORP.............................................. 11,505

VIEWLOGIC SYSTEMS INC.............................................................. 6,892

WALL DATA INC................................................ 5,056

WONDERWARE CORP............................................11,537

 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite

 communication equipment 3,945,943 3,659,526 -7.3

 ALLEN TELECOM INC...................................... ALLEN TELECOM INC...................................... 17,457 22,247 27.4

 GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP........................... GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP............................ 227,902 79,828 -65.0

 GLENAYRE TECHNOLOGIES INC...................... GLENAYRE TECHNOLOGIES INC......................... 43,017 32,889 -23.5

 HARRIS CORP................................................HARRIS CORP................................................ 292,900 349,900 19.5

See SOURCE at end of table

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

83
Page 11 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Radio, TV, cell phone, & satellite [Percent]

 communication eq.—continued

 MOTOROLA INC.............................................MOTOROLA INC............................................... 2,973,000 2,874,000 -3.3

 P-COM INC................................................ 16,922

 PITTWAY CORP/DE -CL A.............................. 48,768

 QUALCOMM INC..........................................QUALCOMM INC........................................... 216,554 163,115 -24.7

 SCIENTIFIC-ATLANTA INC.................................. SCIENTIFIC-ATLANTA INC............................... 60,812 53,076 -12.7

 VTEL CORP.................................................. 18,781

CALIFORNIA MICROWAVE..................................... 27,701

SENSORMATIC ELECTRONICS............................. 86,600

 Search & navigation equipment 734,568 855,066 16.4

 LITTON INDUSTRIES INC............................... LITTON INDUSTRIES INC.................................. 91,019 113,054 24.2

 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP..................................... NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP.......................... 194,000 238,000 22.7

 ORBITAL SCIENCES CORP..............................ORBITAL SCIENCES CORP.............................. 43,544 45,012 3.4

 RAYTHEON CO -CL B................................... RAYTHEON CO -CL B...................................... 406,005 459,000 13.1

Machinery & electrical equipment 15,337,480 17,281,298 12.7

 Electrical equipment (industrial & household) 10,548,717 10,702,407 1.5

 COOPER INDUSTRIES INC............................ COOPER INDUSTRIES INC............................. 201,900 195,700 -3.1

 EATON CORP............................................... EATON CORP.................................................. 347,000 438,000 26.2

 EVANS & SUTHERLAND CMP CORP.................... EVANS & SUTHERLAND CMP CORP.................. 10,521 10,804 2.7

 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO............................... GENERAL ELECTRIC CO................................... 7,760,000 8,388,000 8.1

 GENERAL SIGNAL CORP..............................GENERAL SIGNAL CORP............................... 59,300 56,500 -4.7

 KOMAG INC................................................KOMAG INC..................................................... 403,062 199,112 -50.6

 MAGNETEK INC........................................... MAGNETEK INC.............................................. 40,515 33,245 -17.9

 MAYTAG CORP..........................................MAYTAG CORP................................................ 211,455 229,561 8.6

 RAYCHEM CORP.......................................RAYCHEM CORP......................................... 78,589 90,485 15.1

 ROCKWELL INTL CORP................................... ROCKWELL INTL CORP...................................... 866,000 683,000 -21.1

 WHIRLPOOL CORP......................................... WHIRLPOOL CORP............................................. 336,000 378,000 12.5

BALDOR ELECTRIC......................................... 23,183

CHERRY CORP -CL A.................................... 39,092

DURACELL INTERNATIONAL........................... 172,100

 Machinery (indus., farm, services, 

 mining & construction) 4,788,763 6,578,891 37.4

 AGCO CORP................................................AGCO CORP................................................. 45,180 72,100 59.6

 AMERN STANDARD CO INC.............................. AMERN STANDARD CO INC.............................. 212,179 245,258 15.6

 APPLIED MATERIALS INC..............................APPLIED MATERIALS INC.................................. 452,535 339,364 -25.0

 BAKER-HUGHES INC...................................BAKER-HUGHES INC..................................... 182,157 342,700 88.1

 BLACK & DECKER CORP............................... BLACK & DECKER CORP................................ 196,300 203,100 3.5

 CAMCO INTERNATIONAL INC...........................CAMCO INTERNATIONAL INC............................ 33,533 95,754 185.6

 CASE CORP.................................................. CASE CORP................................................... 162,000 292,000 80.2

 CATERPILLAR INC.......................................CATERPILLAR INC........................................... 771,000 1,106,000 43.5

 CINCINNATI MILACRON INC.................................. CINCINNATI MILACRON INC............................ 65,200 79,500 21.9

 CUMMINS ENGINE.......................................CUMMINS ENGINE......................................... 304,000 405,000 33.2

 CYMER INC................................................ 42,209

 DEERE & CO................................................DEERE & CO..................................................... 575,300 1,025,700 78.3

See SOURCE at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

84
Page 12 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Machinery (indus., farm, services, [Percent]

 mining & construction)—continued

 DETROIT DIESEL CORP.................................. DETROIT DIESEL CORP..................................... 57,800 63,200 9.3

 DOVER CORP............................................... DOVER CORP................................................. 125,517 145,837 16.2

 ETEC SYSTEMS INC............................................. 30,630

 FSI INTL INC.................................................... FSI INTL INC................................................... 33,112 42,880 29.5

 GENERAL SCANNING INC............................ 5,335

 HARNISCHFEGER INDUSTRIES INC.............HARNISCHFEGER INDUSTRIES INC.................. 66,562 133,497 100.6

 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS................................ ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS..................................... 168,657 178,702 6.0

 INGERSOLL-RAND CO.................................. INGERSOLL-RAND CO................................... 195,000 186,000 -4.6

 INTEGRATED PROCESS EQ.......................... INTEGRATED PROCESS EQ............................ 38,304 3,703 -90.3

 KENNAMETAL INC........................................ KENNAMETAL INC.......................................... 57,556 73,779 28.2

 KULICKE & SOFFA INDUSTRIES.................... KULICKE & SOFFA INDUSTRIES....................... 18,028 13,516 -25.0

 LAM RESEARCH CORP.................................LAM RESEARCH CORP................................... 66,588 39,548 -40.6

 NACCO INDUSTRIES -CL A............................ NACCO INDUSTRIES -CL A............................... 79,400 68,400 -13.9

 NORDSON CORP........................................NORDSON CORP........................................... 23,399 15,939 -31.9

 NOVELLUS SYSTEMS INC............................ NOVELLUS SYSTEMS INC................................. 35,285 36,153 2.5

 PALL CORP................................................PALL CORP................................................... 82,222 88,605 7.8

 PREMARK INTERNATIONAL INC............................... PREMARK INTERNATIONAL INC.......................... 84,100 81,400 -3.2

 PRI AUTOMATION INC.................................. 6,031

 SILICON VALLEY GROUP INC......................... SILICON VALLEY GROUP INC.............................. 67,033 87,958 31.2

 SPX CORP...................................................SPX CORP...................................................... 20,220 22,550 11.5

 TECUMSEH PRODUCTS CO -CL A.................... TECUMSEH PRODUCTS CO -CL A....................... 115,200 90,600 -21.4

 THERMEDICS INC........................................ 7,087

 TIMKEN CO.................................................. TIMKEN CO..................................................... 150,728 233,392 54.8

 TORO CO.................................................... TORO CO........................................................ 21,389 37,023 73.1

 TYCO INTERNATIONAL LTD............................. TYCO INTERNATIONAL LTD................................ 123,227 519,100 321.3

 UNOVA INC.................................................. UNOVA INC..................................................... 22,541 30,310 34.5

 WATKINS-JOHNSON.......................................WATKINS-JOHNSON.......................................... 53,741 22,177 -58.7

 YORK INTL..................................................... YORK INTL....................................................... 73,576 66,854 -9.1

SEMITOOL INC................................................... 10,194

Medical substances & devices 9,966,717 10,648,623 6.8

 Drugs: biological products, except

 diagnostic substances 462,530 564,931 22.1

 AMGEN INC.................................................. AMGEN INC..................................................... 266,900 387,800 45.3

 AVIRON....................................................... 5,767

 BIOGEN INC...............................................BIOGEN INC.................................................... 62,030 28,896 -53.4

 CELL GENESYS INC...................................... 2,460

 CENTOCOR INC.............................................CENTOCOR INC................................................ 4,674 23,570 404.3

 CREATIVE BIOMOLECULES INC........................ 2,811

 CYTOTHERAPEUTICS INC.............................. 7,710

 GENZYME CORP..........................................GENZYME CORP.............................................. 63,802 29,309 -54.1

 GILEAD SCIENCES INC.................................GILEAD SCIENCES INC..................................... 3,727 3,861 3.6

 HYBRIDON INC.............................................HYBRIDON INC................................................. 8,903 7,510 -15.6

 IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP.................... IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP........................ 6,301 5,875 -6.8

 IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP/DE........................IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP/DE........................... 1,613 2,526 56.6

 IMMUNEX CORP.............................................IMMUNEX CORP............................................... 4,656 7,409 59.1

See SOURCE at end of table

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

[In thousands of dollars]

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

85
Page 13 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Drugs: biological products, except [Percent]

 diagnostic substances—continued

 LIPOSOME COMPANY INC............................. LIPOSOME COMPANY INC................................. 9,602 1,892 -80.3

 MEDIMMUNE INC.......................................MEDIMMUNE INC............................................. 22,675 36,728 62.0

 NEUREX CORP.............................................NEUREX CORP................................................ 541 1,741 221.8

 PATHOGENESIS CORP.................................PATHOGENESIS CORP...................................... 961 4,370 354.7

 SUGEN INC................................................SUGEN INC.......................................................... 1,665 3,177 90.8

 XOMA CORP................................................... XOMA CORP...................................................... 1,050 1,519 44.7

AUTOIMMUNE INC.......................................... 1,280

MAGAININ PHARMACEUTICALS INC................... 1,655

TEXAS BIOTECHNOLOGY CORP......................... 495

 Drugs: in vitro, in vivo diagnostic substances 308,176 207,474 -32.7

 ALLIANCE PHARMACEUTICAL CP..................... ALLIANCE PHARMACEUTICAL CP.................... 4,010 6,823 70.1

 CHIRON CORP............................................... CHIRON CORP.............................................. 120,162 77,524 -35.5

 CYTOGEN CORP............................................ CYTOGEN CORP........................................... 886 654 -26.2

 HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC................... HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC.................... 8,306 8,717 4.9

 MALLINCKRODT INC...................................... MALLINCKRODT INC...................................... 169,200 109,500 -35.3

 MILLENNIUM PHARMACTCLS INC........................ MILLENNIUM PHARMACTCLS INC..................... 3,210 4,256 32.6

SEQUANA THERAPEUTICS INC........................ 2,402

 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations 7,890,949 8,372,782 6.1

 ABBOTT LABORATORIES................................ ABBOTT LABORATORIES.................................. 949,028 1,007,296 6.1

 AGOURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC...............AGOURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC................. 3,252 12,372 280.4

 ALLERGAN INC.............................................. ALLERGAN INC................................................ 59,700 64,400 7.9

 ALPHA BETA TECHNOLOGY INC......................... ALPHA BETA TECHNOLOGY INC........................ 506 281 -44.5

 ALPHARMA INC -CL A................................... ALPHARMA INC -CL A......................................... 30,874 27,783 -10.0

 ALTEON INC................................................. 21

 ALZA CORP.................................................. ALZA CORP..................................................... 48,600 38,800 -20.2

 AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORP...............AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS CORP................... 652,226 830,351 27.3

 AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC.................AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC....................... 3,278 4,641 41.6

 AXYS PHARMACEUTICALS INC....................AXYS PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................... 6,881 6,297 -8.5

 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB............................... BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB................................... 601,000 767,000 27.6

 CELL THERAPEUTICS INC............................... 2,541

 CEPHALON INC.............................................CEPHALON INC................................................ 2,058 823 -60.0

 COCENSYS INC........................................... 1,475

 COR THERAPEUTICS INC..............................COR THERAPEUTICS INC.................................... 2,563 1,906 -25.6

 GENENTECH INC..........................................GENENTECH INC............................................. 141,837 154,902 9.2

 GENSIA SICOR INC....................................GENSIA SICOR INC.......................................... 12,701

 GUILFORD PHARMACEUTICAL INC................ 6,433

 ICOS CORPORATION................................... ICOS CORPORATION............................................ 4,531 5,830 28.7

 INHALE THERAPEUTIC SYSTEMS....................... 17,261

 INTERNEURON PHARMACEUTICALS...............INTERNEURON PHARMACEUTICALS....................... 1,850 3,273 76.9

 ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC.......................... 3,454

 IVAX CORP..................................................... IVAX CORP......................................................... 82,856 45,741 -44.8

 JOHNSON & JOHNSON.................................. JOHNSON & JOHNSON........................................1,373,000 1,391,000 1.3

 LILLY (ELI) & CO.............................................. LILLY (ELI) & CO............................................... 443,900 366,300 -17.5

 MATRIX PHARMACEUTICAL INC........................ MATRIX PHARMACEUTICAL INC........................... 2,326 9,857 323.8

See SOURCE at end of table

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

86
Page 14 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

 Drugs: pharmaceutical preparations— [Percent]

 continued

 MERCK & CO............................................... MERCK & CO.....................................................1,196,700 1,448,800 21.1

 MYLAN LABORATORIES.............................MYLAN LABORATORIES..................................... 26,854 28,853 7.4

 NEXSTAR PHARMACEUTICALS........................NEXSTAR PHARMACEUTICALS................................11,198 10,484 -6.4

 PFIZER INC.................................................. PFIZER INC...................................................... 774,000 943,000 21.8

 PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC.........................PHARMACIA & UPJOHN INC................................ 656,000 577,000 -12.0

 REGENERON PHARMACEUT...........................REGENERON PHARMACEUT............................. 8,622 2,146 -75.1

 SCHERER (R P)/DE........................................ SCHERER (R P)/DE........................................... 69,887 87,971 25.9

 SCHERING-PLOUGH....................................SCHERING-PLOUGH......................................... 324,500

 SEQUUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC...............SEQUUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC......................... 3,639 2,987 -17.9

 VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC................. VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................ 3,983 6,020 51.1

 VIMRX PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................ VIMRX PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................ 802 683 -14.8

 WARNER-LAMBERT CO.................................. WARNER-LAMBERT CO..................................... 389,000 494,800 27.2

CYGNUS INC................................................... 1,515

GELTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC........................ 883

LIGAND PHARMACEUTICAL -CL B........................... 399

 Medical instruments 1,305,062 1,503,436 15.2

 ACUSON CORP............................................ ACUSON CORP............................................... 34,465 37,377 8.4

 AFFYMETRIX INC........................................... 16,001

 ATL ULTRASOUND INC.................................ATL ULTRASOUND INC...................................................... 14,902 17,515 17.5

 BARD (C.R.) INC............................................ BARD (C.R.) INC.............................................. 41,600 32,800 -21.2

 BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC.......................... BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC...............................398,000 496,000 24.6

 BECTON DICKINSON & CO............................ BECTON DICKINSON & CO................................. 145,929 170,349 16.7

 BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP............................ BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP............................... 135,320 220,097 62.6

 DATASCOPE CORP..................................... DATASCOPE CORP........................................... 4,967 5,310 6.9

 DEPUY INC................................................DEPUY INC....................................................... 24,882 25,052 0.7

 GUIDANT CORP....................................................... GUIDANT CORP................................................. 62,100 76,800 23.7

 INCONTROL INC........................................INCONTROL INC............................................... 2,151 5,742 166.9

 MARQUETTE MEDICAL SYS...........................MARQUETTE MEDICAL SYS................................ 18,211 25,537 40.2

 MEDTRONIC INC.........................................MEDTRONIC INC................................................ 171,329 148,152 -13.5

 SPACELABS MED INC........................................ SPACELABS MED INC....................................... 18,285 9,615 -47.4

 ST JUDE MEDICAL INC....................................ST JUDE MEDICAL INC...................................... 95,018 93,962 -1.1

 STERIS CORP.............................................STERIS CORP................................................... NA NA NA

 STRYKER CORP.......................................STRYKER CORP.............................................. 26,724 35,213 31.8

 THERMOTREX CORP........................................ THERMOTREX CORP........................................... 14,462 26,853 85.7

 TREX MEDICAL CORP..................................... 5,461

 U S SURGICAL CORP................................... U S SURGICAL CORP........................................ 42,300 55,600 31.4

ALARIS MEDICAL INC........................................ 9,502

HEARTPORT INC............................................. 6,104

NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT INC....................... 29,740

VENTRITEX INC.................................................. 9,071

See SOURCE at end of table

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

87
Page 15 of 15

Change from 

1997 1996 1996 1997 1996–97

[Percent]

Motor vehicles & other surface

 transportation equipment 47,444,998 51,746,702 9.1

 Ships, trains, motorcycles, bicycles, 

 campers, military tanks 542,560 556,665 2.6

 BRUNSWICK CORP...................................... BRUNSWICK CORP........................................... 169,900 190,500 12.1

 GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP......................... GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP.............................. 75,000 83,000 10.7

 HARLEY-DAVIDSON INC................................ HARLEY-DAVIDSON INC................................... 178,771 186,171 4.1

 NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING..................NEWPORT NEWS SHIPBUILDING.............................74,000 31,000 -58.1

 POLARIS INDS INC.......................................POLARIS INDS INC............................................................. 44,889 36,798 -18.0

 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE CO.................... 29,196

 Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment 46,902,438 51,190,037 9.1

 ARVIN INDUSTRIES INC................................ ARVIN INDUSTRIES INC..................................... 79,100 96,900 22.5

 BORG WARNER AUTO................................... BORG WARNER AUTO....................................... 91,900 135,100 47.0

 BREED TECHNOLOGIES INC............................ BREED TECHNOLOGIES INC............................. 45,370 75,851 67.2

 CHRYSLER CORP......................................... CHRYSLER CORP..............................................5,429,000 7,150,000 31.7

 DANA CORP...............................................DANA CORP..................................................... 356,500 426,000 19.5

 ECHLIN INC................................................. ECHLIN INC..................................................... 104,384 149,195 42.9

 EXCEL INDUSTRIES INC................................. 39,287

 FORD MOTOR CO........................................... FORD MOTOR CO.............................................10,410,000 9,675,000 -7.1

 GENERAL MOTORS CORP............................................ GENERAL MOTORS CORP....................................... 28,443,000 31,393,000 10.4

 ITT INDUSTRIES INC.......................................... ITT INDUSTRIES INC.......................................... 406,300 459,700 13.1

 MERITOR AUTOMOTIVE INC...........................MERITOR AUTOMOTIVE INC.............................. 144,000 119,000 -17.4

 NAVISTAR INTERNATIONL............................. NAVISTAR INTERNATIONL.................................. 117,000 172,000 47.0

 PACCAR INC................................................PACCAR INC.................................................... 123,200 133,000 8.0

 STANDARD PRODUCTS CO............................ STANDARD PRODUCTS CO........................................ 79,684 59,004 -26.0

 TENNECO INC.............................................TENNECO INC................................................. 573,000 558,000 -2.6

 TRW INC....................................................TRW INC............................................................ 500,000 549,000 9.8

1 Note that data are only provided for companies in the years for which those companies were in the top 500 in R&D spending. For example, if a 

 company were in the top 500 in 1997 but not in 1996, then its R&D expenditure level in 1997 is provided, but its R&D expenditure level in 1996

 and all other measures for 1996 are left as blank spaces. This was done to better facilitate comparisons across aggregates of major and minor 

 sectors. In contrast, there are some cases in which, for a particular year, the company in question was, in fact, among the top 500 for R&D, 

 but data are simply not available withregard to employment or sales. In this latter situation, the cells for which data are unavailable are denoted 

 by "NA" for" not available".

SOURCE: Standard and Poor's Compustat, Englewood, CO

[In thousands of dollars]

Table 5. Comparisons of 1996 and 1997 top 500 for R&D by detailed sector and firm: capital expenditure

Capital expenditure

Major & detailed industrial sector/corporation1

88
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and strongly encourages women, minorities, and persons with disabilities to

compete fully in any of the research and education related programs described

here. In accordance with Federal statutes, regulations, and NSF policies, no

person on grounds of race, color, age, sex, national origin, or disability shall be

excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subject to

discrimination under any program or activity receiving financial assistance from

the National Science Foundation.

Facilitation Awards for Scientists and Engineers with Disabilities (FASED)

provide funding for special assistance or equipment to enable persons with

disabilities (investigators and other staff, including student research assistants)

to work on NSF projects. See the program announcement or contact the

program coordinator at (703) 306-1636.

The National Science Foundation has TDD (Telephonic Device for the Deaf)

capability, which enables individuals with hearing impairment to communicate

with the Foundation about NSF programs, employment, or general information.

To access NSF TDD dial (703) 306-0090; for FIRS, 1-800-877-8339.