2 0 0 9 A n n u a l R e p o r t

U.S. Trade and Development Agency
mission

The U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) advances economic development and 

U.S. commercial interests in developing and middle income countries. The Agency funds 

various forms of technical assistance, early investment analysis, training, orientation 

visits and business workshops that support the development of a modern infrastructure 

and a fair and open trading environment. 

USTDA’s strategic use of foreign assistance funds to support sound economic policy 

and decision-making in host countries creates an enabling environment for trade, 

investment and sustainable economic development. Operating at the nexus of foreign 

policy and commerce, USTDA is uniquely positioned to work with U.S. firms and 

host countries in achieving the Agency’s trade and development goals. In carrying out 

its mission, USTDA gives emphasis to economic sectors that may benefit from U.S. 

exports of goods and services.

Table of C ontents

Message from the Acting Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Overview: A Year of Strategic Partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2009 Country of the Year: Republic of Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

East Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

South and Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Strategic Focus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Client Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Summary of FY 2009 Program Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

FY 2009 Program Activities Listed by Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Financial Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 1

Message from the 

Acting Director

The U.S. Trade and Development Agency was 

founded on a unique and winning formula — 

creating U.S. jobs while providing foreign 

assistance. The U.S. Congress established the U.S.

Trade and Development Agency to “promote United 

States private sector participation in development 

projects in developing and middle income countries 

with special emphasis on economic sectors with 

significant United States export potential...” Since 

our founding, the Agency’s programs have provided 

effective development assistance while generating 

significant returns to the U.S. economy for tax dollars 

spent. It has also developed a highly effective operational model — a professional staff that has earned 

a reputation for responsiveness in the business community, within the U.S. development community, and 

in the countries receiving our assistance. As a result, 

in the current economic environment, demand for 

the Agency’s services and the level of its success have 

never been greater.

I am proud to report that USTDA has identified over 

$2.3 billion in new exports of U.S.-manufactured 

goods and services attributable to USTDA activities, 

amounting to over $40 in U.S. exports for every dollar 

invested in the Agency’s activities. At the same time 

as the funded activities created jobs at home, they 

also contributed to the economic development of our 

partners overseas. These activities included important infrastructure and capacity building projects in 

the energy and the environment, transportation and 

telecommunications sectors on five continents.

In response to the Administration’s priority of creating “green jobs” in the United States and to requests 

from our foreign partners for assistance in combating 

climate change, this past year, the Agency increased 

its support for U.S. companies engaged in clean 

energy development and energy efficiency. Demand 

was particularly great for these activities in India, 

China, Turkey, Brazil, Jordan, Central America and 

South Africa.

However, during the past year, one of our partner 

countries, the Republic of Turkey, stood out for, among 

other things, its commitment to clean energy projects.

In April 2009, on the eve of President Obama’s visit to 

Turkey, USTDA and the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources launched the U.S.-Turkey Clean Energy 

Partnership. The Partnership is well underway and is 

promoting a broad program of cooperation in the areas 

of energy efficiency, renewable energy, and clean coal 

technology. Furthermore, based on a USTDA-funded 

activity, the Germencik geothermal power plant came 

online this past year and is providing Turkey with over 

40 megawatts (MW) of new clean energy. These initiatives will create green jobs in the United States and 

help to make Turkey more energy self-sufficient. As a 

result of these activities and others described later in 

this report, I am pleased to announce the Republic of 

Turkey as this year’s recipient of USTDA’s Country of 

the Year award.

The Agency’s role in creating jobs through exports 

and fostering economic development elsewhere in the 

world — specifically Africa — was acknowledged by 

Congress. The U.S. House of Representatives’ Committees on Energy and Commerce and Foreign Affairs 

invited testimony about USTDA’s programs and 

successes in Africa at a joint hearing. That testimony 

focused on the export opportunities that many African 

nations offer U.S. businesses; the Agency’s process 

for partnering host countries with U.S firms that can 

satisfy their particular development goals; and the U.S.

job creation that results from our activities.
2 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

The hearing was a perfect prelude to the Agency’s 

successful participation in the African Growth and 

Opportunity Act (AGOA) Forum in Nairobi, Kenya 

where USTDA worked with its partners to identify 

regional solutions to Africa’s development challenges.

Building on past efforts, we were able to expand our 

regional focus and were particularly delighted that a 

USTDA activity, the SEACOM undersea fiber optic 

cable, was featured at the Forum and in business publications throughout Africa as one of the most successful 

and promising projects for Africa’s development. Not 

only is the SEACOM project providing communications access vital to regional economic development, 

it has also produced millions of dollars in U.S. exports 

and supported hundreds of jobs in the United States.

One event this year best exemplified for me USTDA’s 

impact in creating jobs and changing the lives of 

American workers. Earlier this year, I was invited 

to Red Bud, Illinois, to meet with factory workers 

completing construction of an aluminum can 

manufacturing facility that was to be shipped to Lagos, 

Nigeria. On a cold January day, I was fortunate to 

meet with the line workers and management of 

Roeslein and Associates, a small Midwestern company 

that a couple of years earlier had approached USTDA 

with their vision of Africa as a growth opportunity.

By working with USTDA and their Nigerian partners, 

Roeslein was able to demonstrate the feasibility of 

its technology to serve the West African market with 

aluminum cans. As a result of their success in this 

endeavor, USTDA both played a part in creating 

American jobs and also opened the door to local 

economic opportunities for Nigerians.

Looking forward, I am certain that USTDA’s winning 

formula and outstanding staff will continue to support 

effectively U.S. innovation and jobs while encouraging 

economic development in our partner countries.

Leocadia I. Zak

Acting Director, U.S. Trade and Development Agency
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 3

A Year of Strategic Partnerships

One of USTDA’s principal tools for achieving 

development goals as well as mutual 

economic benefit for host countries and 

the United States is the creation of partnerships.

These partnerships bring together representatives of 

the U.S. government, a country or region, and the 

private sector to provide critical access to innovative 

solutions for development challenges and to open 

opportunities for U.S. companies in new markets.

In the past year, the Agency concentrated its 

partnership-building initiatives in three key areas: 

clean and efficient energy development; food 

security and supply chain development; and regional 

cooperation and integration in a number of sectors.

Clean Energy and 

Energy Efficiency Development

Economic growth and the existence of adequate 

energy supplies are inextricably connected. Without 

reliable energy resources, industry cannot grow, 

agriculture cannot flourish, and governments cannot 

provide the services that their populations require.

In April 2009, USTDA launched the U.S.–Turkey 

Clean Energy Partnership that outlines a broad 

program of cooperation on energy efficiency, 

renewable energy, and clean coal technology projects.

To date, USTDA has provided support for activities 

in solar energy development, coal gasification and 

planning assistance regarding energy supply and 

demand. It also sponsored an orientation visit to the 

United States to expose Turkish officials from the 

private and public sectors to U.S. energy efficiency 

programs and technologies.

Building on the U.S.-Turkey partnership model, 

USTDA created the Clean Energy Exchange Program 

for the Americas. Through the exchange program, 

energy sector officials and project sponsors from 

several countries in the region will be able to visit the 

United States over the course of the next year to meet 

with U.S. industry, financial institutions, and U.S.

government agencies to learn about innovative U.S.

clean energy technologies and project development.

USTDA also launched a new Airport Environmental 

Sustainability Partnership in China designed to 

establish a network of U.S. airport authorities 

and airlines, together with the Civil Aviation 

Administration of China (CAAC), that are focusing 

on important environmental issues facing the aviation 

industry. Under the new framework, the partners will 

assist in promoting energy efficiency upgrades and 

the increased use of renewable resources as China 

constructs 97 new airports by 2020.

Each of these partnerships seeks to support the 

Administration’s goal of reversing the negative 

effects of climate change, while creating green jobs, 

and helping move emerging economies to a low 

carbon energy base. In addition to supporting new 

clean energy partnerships, USTDA also continued 

to support the development of key infrastructure 

projects. For example, in Jordan USTDA provided a 

grant to Millennium Energy Industries to examine the 

applicability of installing a concentrated solar power 

facility in the Ma’an Development Zone. USTDA also 

invested in similar clean energy and energy efficiency 

projects in India, South Africa, and Indonesia and is 

sponsoring an Association of Southeast Asian Nations 

(ASEAN) Clean Energy Conference in the Spring 

of 2010.

Acting Director Leocadia I. Zak meets with employees from the 

manufacturing facilities of Roeslein & Associates and Integrated 

Manufacturing Technologies (IMT) in Red Bud, Illinois. 

overview: 
4 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Food Security and 

Supply Chain Development

Rising costs and limited access to food worldwide is 

one of the most challenging obstacles to economic 

development and poverty reduction today. Throughout 

the past year, USTDA has supported multiple new 

projects and programs aimed at building the necessary 

infrastructure to increase food security and safety 

in emerging markets. Specifically, the Agency is 

supporting an array of activities to: (1) reduce spoilage 

using cold chain storage; (2) build transportation and 

supply chain networks to get food from the “farm 

to market” safely; (3) develop new energy resources 

to increase agricultural productivity and food 

storage capabilities; and (4) increase meteorological 

monitoring capabilities to better manage water 

resources and forecast flood and drought patterns.

For instance, USTDA created a South Asia regional 

initiative to develop expanded cold chain supply 

infrastructure and agricultural processing capabilities.

The goal of the initiative is to help prepare new 

cold storage projects in several of the countries in 

South Asia, including India and Pakistan, where up 

to 40 percent of the total food supply is often lost to 

spoilage. USTDA also supported four projects in China 

focusing on improving cold chain best practices to 

reduce food spoilage.

USTDA also supported new and improved 

meteorological monitoring capabilities in West and 

East Africa to improve weather forecasting and 

monitoring in areas that are prone to floods and 

drought. In particular, USTDA provided grants to the 

Ghanaian Meteorological Agency and the Ugandan 

Ministry of Water and Environment for feasibility 

studies to build new, and to improve upon old, systems 

in order to optimize agricultural production and better 

manage water resources throughout the year.

Regional Cooperation 

and Integration

This past year, USTDA continued its efforts to 

strengthen regional cooperation and integration as a 

means for facilitating greater trade and investment in 

regions around the world. Building upon successful 

initiatives like the African Trade Lanes Partnership 

which was launched in 2008, USTDA targeted the 

development of trade corridors and trade routes to 

establish key linkages across the African continent.

For example, working in conjunction with Burlington 

Northern Santa Fe (BNSF), USTDA provided a grant to 

the Tanzanian Ministry of Infrastructure Development 

to improve the country’s rail service and promote 

regional integration by extending connectivity to 

land-locked Rwanda. In addition to this regional rail 

Based on a USTDA study, over 40 MW of new geothermal power was brought online in Germencik, 

Turkey utilizing more than $23 million in U.S. exports.
Arizona

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Rhode Island

South Carolina

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During FY 2009, USTDA identified 

U.S. companies in 41 states and the 

District of Columbia that benefitted from 

projects supported by Agency activities. 

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A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 5

project, USTDA is providing additional trade capacity 

building assistance for delegates from a number of 

African ports at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy 

in New York to assist in expediting intermodal trade 

at each of the ports.

In Latin America, USTDA encouraged greater 

regional cooperation by supporting activities 

that promote cross-regional training and open 

collaboration between countries. For example, 

USTDA sponsored a Telecommunications Regulatory 

Workshop for Central American nations and the 

Dominican Republic. The workshop provided a forum 

for countries to share ideas and experiences regarding 

the creation of a competitive telecommunications 

market. They all share similar obstacles in the 

telecommunications sector and this workshop 

highlighted those commonalities and explored 

strategies that have been successful. USTDA also 

launched a new Aviation Cooperation Initiative for 

the Americas that aims to facilitate the exchange of 

information between the U.S. aviation industry and 

key Latin American and Caribbean countries with 

regard to commercial, technological, regulatory and 

financial concerns.

Also, USTDA launched a Regional Infrastructure and 

Trade Initiative in South Asia to identify and facilitate 

investment in projects that stimulate growth in 

Pakistan’s border regions and foster better economic 

integration. Growth and integration will also promote 

regional transit and trade links with Afghanistan, 

helping to create a more enabling environment for 

resolving persistent complications with transportation 

logistics and trade.

Looking Forward

In FY 2010 and beyond, the Agency will continue 

to work closely with U.S. industry to respond to 

the needs of USTDA’s overseas partners and to 

support U.S. foreign policy goals. Recognizing the 

pace at which technology is evolving and expanding 

opportunities for development, USTDA will seek to 

introduce new program tools to demonstrate new 

and innovative technologies and their applicability in 

developing markets. The Agency will remain flexible 

and continue to provide timely, targeted support to 

ensure maximum results for overseas project sponsors 

as well as the Agency’s U.S. partners.

This past year, USTDA sustained its efforts to strengthen regional cooperation and integration as a conduit for facilitating greater trade and investment in regions around the world.
President Barack Obama greets officials after addressing 

Turkey’s Parliament in Ankara on April 6, 2009. 

6 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

The United States Trade 

and Development Agency 

is proud to name the 

Republic of Turkey the 2009 

recipient of its Country of the Year 

Award. Turkey has a long history 

of engaging USTDA in the early 

project planning stages for many 

of its infrastructure development 

priorities. This has allowed 

USTDA to play a catalytic role in 

advancing numerous infrastructure 

projects, including the deployment 

of a number of new energy sources 

for Turkey. By engaging USTDA 

at the project planning stage, the 

Agency has been able to open 

the door for U.S. industry to play 

an important role in Turkey’s 

continued economic development.

The importance of this successful 

cooperation was further 

highlighted when President 

Obama included Turkey in his 

first overseas trip earlier this year.

During that visit, President Obama 

told the Turkish Parliament that, 

“We want to expand the trade 

and investment that can bring 

2009 Country of the Year

Republic of Turkey

“Turkey is a critical ally... And Turkey and the 

United States must stand together — and work 

together — to overcome the challenges of our time.”

— President Barack Obama

Speech to the Parliament of Turkey, April 6, 2009

prosperity for all people... Our 

focus will be on what we can do, 

in partnership with people across 

the Muslim world, to advance 

our common hopes and our 

common dreams.”

In April 2009, just prior to 

President Obama’s visit to Turkey, 

USTDA and Turkey’s Ministry 

of Energy and Natural Resources 

established the U.S. – Turkey 

Clean Energy Partnership. The 

agreement grew out of Turkey’s 

priority commitment to meet the 

nation’s burgeoning demand for 

increased energy capacity and to 

accomplish that goal by employing 

new clean energy technologies.

The Partnership will build on past 

successes resulting from USTDAfunded activities, of which there 

are notable examples.

For instance, in May 2009, the 

Germincik geothermal power plant 

began commercial operation. The 

concept and planning process 

for the facility originated in a 

feasibility study funded by USTDA.

It is the largest plant of its type 

in Turkey, providing over 40MW 

of clean energy. Important in this 

effort is the role of the U.S. private 

sector, which exported $22 million 

in U.S.-manufactured goods and 

services during construction.

As a follow-on to this success in 

the geothermal sector, USTDA 

funded a reverse trade mission for 

Turkish private sector officials to 

come to the United States to visit 

with U.S. businesses that provide 

goods, services and technologies in 

geothermal and solar energy. The 

delegates visited facilities in New 

Mexico, California and Nevada to 

© Jason Reed / Reuters / Corbis
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 7

better understand the technology 

and the kinds of decisions that 

govern the choices among differing 

power solutions. The delegates also 

interacted with U.S. firms at the 

Geothermal Energy Association’s 

2009 Geothermal Energy Expo in 

Reno, Nevada to forge relationships 

that will facilitate future initiatives.

Other outstanding examples of 

U.S. - Turkey cooperation include 

the development of an independent 

thermal power generation plant in 

Hereke, Turkey, which is providing 

a stable supply of power to a region 

heavily affected by the earthquake 

of 1999. In addition to ensuring 

greater access to electricity, this 

project has generated almost 

$63 million in U.S. exports.

On the development side, 

following the construction 

of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan 

(BTC) pipeline, based in part 

on USTDA grant assistance, the 

BTC Pipeline Company invested 

over $23 million in development 

projects to raise living standards 

of the local Turkish population.

This has resulted in investments 

in education, agriculture and 

clean water projects in over 

300 villages. In addition, social 

investment programs have been 

implemented in 10 provinces from 

Ardahan in the Northeast to Adana 

on the Mediterranean, further 

demonstrating the long-term 

benefits of USTDA’s cooperation 

with Turkey.

As a final note, USTDA is already 

supporting new programs under 

the Clean Energy Partnership 

that are promoting the growth 

of Turkey’s solar power usage, 

expanding clean coal technology 

and advancing energy efficiency 

projects to meet Turkey’s growing 

need for new sources of power 

generation.

USTDA is delighted to add Turkey 

to the distinguished list of highperforming partners who have 

earned the Agency’s Country of 

the Year award. Building on past 

experience and successes in Turkey, 

USTDA plans to continue its 

support for clean energy projects, 

as well as assistance in other 

sectors, such as: transportation, 

emergency management, and 

information and communications 

technology. The Agency takes great 

pride in the strong ties forged with 

Turkey and the mutual benefits 

that have resulted.

The Turkish city of Istanbul 

situated on both sides of the 

Bosporus Strait.
8 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Of particular importance are 

investments that support regional 

integration and cross-border 

cooperation within sub-Saharan 

Africa. Such strategies are essential 

to increasing the trade capacity 

of the region’s 47 countries, as 

well as the market size available 

to U.S. companies. In July 2009, 

President Obama proclaimed in 

Ghana that “countries thrive when 

they invest in their people and in 

their infrastructure.” Working with 

its sub-Saharan African partners, 

USTDA is helping the region thrive 

through investing in mutually 

beneficial activities that focus on 

the critical infrastructure sectors 

of clean energy, transportation, 

and information and communication technology (ICT).

Across sub-Saharan Africa, the 

lack of reliable electricity is a major 

constraint to growth. USTDA is 

working to evaluate innovative 

solutions using alternative fuel 

sources and the application of clean 

energy technologies to help Africa 

expand power generation capabilities, improve energy efficiency, and 

meet current and future demand.

This past year, the Agency funded 

an energy efficiency building 

solutions training program for 

South Africa, with a focus on 

how U.S.-based energy efficient 

technologies can reduce electricity 

demand and costs. In Mauritius, 

USTDA funded an evaluation of 

the electricity transmission and 

distribution grid, and transformer 

network, to assess the requirements 

for an electric “smart grid” technology platform that will improve the 

country’s energy efficiency. Each 

of these activities demonstrates 

how innovative U.S. technologies can strengthen Africa’s power 

infrastructure, while mitigating the 

effects of climate change.

Sub-Saharan Africa’s transportation 

networks are similarly underdeveloped, which has impeded trade, 

constrained economic growth, 

and threatened the region’s food 

security. USTDA’s approach to 

addressing these challenges is 

to focus on regional integration 

of Africa’s transportation infrastructure under the African Trade 

Lanes Partnership. This past year 

saw significant investments in the 

transportation sector to address 

each of these constraints. From 

investing in regional rail integration projects in the East African 

Community and West Africa; 

aviation infrastructure activities 

in Ghana, Namibia, and Uganda, 

and; port expansion and training 

activities in Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, 

and Tanzania, each is creating the 

infrastructure for trade, economic 

growth, and poverty reduction in 

the region.

Sub-Saharan 

Africa

Achieving

the Millennium 

Development

Goals 

USTDA is proud to count itself among the U.S. government 

agencies that are successfully contributing to the 

Millennium Development Goals of eradicating “extreme 

poverty and hunger” in sub-Saharan Africa.

In FY 2009, USTDA continued its 

partnership with U.S. private sector 

firms and business associations, 

such as the Corporate Council on 

Africa, across all sectors, including 

ICT. High capacity bandwidth 

offered by providers such as 

SEACOM (see next page) is helping 

to expedite data transmission, 

lower costs, and expand the range 

of telecommunications services 

throughout sub-Saharan Africa.

USTDA is proud to be part of 

programs such as SEACOM’s 

that are fundamentally changing 

the lives of Africans across 

the continent.

At the 8th African Growth and 

Opportunity Act (AGOA) Forum 

in Nairobi, Kenya, in August 2009, 

USTDA demonstrated how its successes in the energy, transportation, 

and ICT sectors are contributing 

to the development of the continent’s infrastructure. The Agency’s 

activities fit neatly into a popular 

subject of discussion, which was 

the critical need to help Africa create the infrastructure for trade. In 

her opening plenary remarks, U.S.

Secretary of State Hillary Rodham 

Clinton called trade a “critical platform for Africa’s economic growth.” 

With a mandate to help build the 

infrastructure for trade, USTDA 

is uniquely positioned to promote 

economic growth across sub-Saharan Africa. Through this economic 

growth, the Agency’s objectives 

will contribute to advancing the 

Millennium Development Goals of 

reducing poverty across the region.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 9

As a direct result of USTDA’s investment in 

the visit of a ministerial-level delegation 

to the United States and a regional 

ICT conference, over $400 million in U.S. 

equipment and services exports were utilized 

by African project managers to bring broadband 

communications to Africa. Without an undersea 

fiber-optic cable system, countries in the region 

relied on costly and scarce satellite links which 

could not meet increasing demand for broadband 

communications services.

USTDA’s multi-year effort to support the 

development of an undersea fiber-optic cable 

linking East Africa with communication hubs 

around the world paid off when a group of African 

ministers visited the United States and convinced 

potential financiers in New York, including Sithe 

Global and the Overseas Private Investment 

Corporation, that fiber-optic cable connecting 

East Africa to the rest of the world could be 

commercially attractive. 

In June 2009, SEACOM became operational 

offering 1.2 terabytes per second of capacity to 

enable high definition TV, peer-to-peer networks, 

IPTV, and surging Internet demand. The 

13,700 km cable links South Africa, Mozambique, 

Tanzania, Kenya and Djibouti with India and 

Egypt. “The system, which was designed and 

installed using Tyco Telecommunications’ 

state-of-the-art technology, will undoubtedly 

provide businesses and citizens in South and 

East Africa alike with the capabilities they need 

to communicate with the rest of the world and 

participate in the global marketplace,” said 

Debbie Brask, Managing Director of Project 

Management for Tyco Telecommunications.

As described by SEACOM’s Chief Executive 

Officer Brian Herlihy, USTDA’s multi-year effort 

was critical to SEACOM’s launch. “The impetus 

for the cable project is directly attributable 

to Sithe Global’s participation at the half-day 

briefing sponsored by the USTDA visit.” 

The impact of broadband worldwide and the 

timeliness of the USTDA-sponsored meetings and 

conference provided a confluence of factors that 

pushed the imperative for African countries to 

liberalize the market for all consumers, including 

American companies, resulting in increased 

opportunities to do business overseas.

USTDA Brings Broadband Access to Africa

Right: The Tyco Resolute laying cable 

along the eastern coast of Africa. 

Below: a spool of cable aboard the 

Tyco Resolute which brought ICT 

service to south and east Africa. 

Courtesy of Show of ForceCourtesy of Show of Force
10 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

In reaction to the economic 

downturn, USTDA helped create 

export opportunities for several 

U.S. companies seeking to save 

jobs here at home.

China remains a key market 

for USTDA to promote publicprivate partnerships and trade 

policies designed to address 

priority bilateral issues and 

support the U.S.-China Strategic 

and Economic Dialogue. The 

Agency’s focus is on infrastructure 

planning in core sectors of 

energy, transportation and the 

environment, complemented by 

activities in supply chain and 

healthcare, technology.

In keeping with the 

Administration’s priorities, 

USTDA focused on environmental 

projects that represented excellent 

U.S. export opportunities. For 

example, USTDA launched a 

Water Quality Cooperation 

Program led by U.S. companies, 

the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency and four industry trade 

associations for 12 technical 

workshops to inform Chinese 

officials about available U.S.

solutions to water pollution.

On climate change, the Agency 

invested in a coal mine methane 

project that will help capture 

harmful greenhouse gas emissions 

and turn that gas into energy, and 

an energy efficiency workshop 

that has already resulted in U.S.

equipment sales.

USTDA also continued its support 

for the successful ACP, now in 

its fifth year of operation, and 

hosted the third ACP summit 

in Beijing in April. During the 

Summit, the Agency launched an 

environmental partnership with 

seven U.S. airports to showcase 

airport environmental best 

practices as China goes about 

building 97 new airports by 2020.

Further, USTDA supported rail 

efficiency improvements through 

a reverse trade mission to the 

United States for Chinese officials 

to introduce U.S. technologies that 

can reduce China’s locomotive 

emissions.

Globally, food security is of 

paramount importance and this 

holds true in China’s as well.

In response, USTDA funded a 

number of programs including 

workshops and a reverse trade 

East Asia

Striking a balance between trade, economic 

development and U.S. foreign policy objectives 

in East Asia in FY 2009,  USTDA expanded its 

program to reach western China and achieved 

excellent U.S. export success.

Partnering

with the 

Private Sector to 

Increase Trade

mission on cold chain supply 

for Chinese officials to see 

U.S. methods and technologies 

to maintain food safety. To 

further this goal, USTDA also 

funded grants to develop a 

land registration system for 

rural farmers and promote the 

acceptance and use of agricultural 

biotechnology. Both activities are 

expected to help increase China’s 

food supply.

During the year, USTDA also 

maintained an active program 

in Mongolia where the Agency 

identified exports of U.S.-

manufactured equipment designed 

to help Mongolia’s only private 

airline expand its operations.

In 2009, USTDA also funded 

an evaluation of a potential 

investment by a private Mongolian 

company in cement production.

The Agency will continue to 

closely monitor development 

priorities in Mongolia and make 

investments in niche areas that 

represent tangible development 

goals and commercial 

opportunities for the export of 

U.S. goods and services.

Building on a successful long-term 

program, USTDA will continue to 

support energy and environmental 

activities in the region that are 

designed to demonstrate best 

commercial practices and advance 

the Administration’s policy 

priorities.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 11

Dependent on a coal-based energy structure, 

China continues to struggle with its 

atmospheric pollution while pursuing its 

development goals. Recognizing the need for China 

to move to a low-carbon path, USTDA supported a 

project to help China implement geothermal heat 

pump technology thereby reducing its reliance 

on coal and the release of associated greenhouse 

gas emissions. 

The USTDA-funded program assisted in the design 

and evaluation of four geothermal heat pump (GHP) 

projects in northern China. GHPs not only harness 

an important clean energy source by extracting heat 

from the ground in the winter but also provide for 

greater energy efficiencies by dissipating heat during 

the summer to control the internal temperature 

in buildings. 

This effort has resulted in the export of U.S.-

manufactured equipment and installation, operation, 

and maintenance services valued at $3.8 million. 

By supporting the development of these GHP 

demonstration projects, initiating outreach to 

Chinese industry and training technicians, USTDA 

helped Chinese project managers become more 

aware of the advantages of U.S. technology solutions 

that is moving China down the path towards a lower 

carbon emitter. 

Promoting Clean Energy 

and Encouraging Energy 

Efficiency in China

Top photo: Beijing school takes 

delivery of GHP units to reduce 

dependence on coal-burning boilers. 

The project lowered operational costs 

by 30% and contributed to a cleaner 

environment in which the students 

can learn. 

Above: Located in Guangdong 

Province, Jike Co. designed, purchased 

and installed the closed-loop GHP 

system into an adjoining lake. The 

DiDu Resort Village is a successful 

project that will provide observation, 

understanding and performance 

information of U.S. GHP systems to 

many citizens in central, southern 

China, Hong Kong and Macao.
12 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

The comparative resilience of 

economies in the region, particularly India, Indonesia, Vietnam and 

the Philippines, helped generate 

revitalized interest by U.S. companies looking to emerging markets.

The program also showed a rapidly 

increasing engagement with 

Pakistan, and a diverse portfolio 

in Southeast Asia, which featured 

emphasis on environment and 

energy priorities consistent with 

the development policies of the 

Administration.

The U.S.-India strategic and 

economic relationship is the 

backdrop for a diverse program 

that included support for 

strengthened cooperation on 

climate change strategies, aviation 

safety modernization, clean water 

development, and food security.

Activities included solar power 

development, nationally and coal 

mine methane capture and use 

in eastern India, increased air 

safety and navigation/management 

capability nationally, efficient 

water utilization in Bangalore, and 

strengthened food security and 

value chain development during 

food processing.

Recognizing Pakistan’s increasing 

role as a fulcrum of development 

efforts to increase stability in 

South Asia, USTDA launched 

the Regional Infrastructure and 

Trade Initiative in 2009. USTDA 

also began designing support 

for the development of energy, 

transportation, and cold storage 

infrastructure, and promotion of 

regional trade to foster economic 

development in the underserved 

western provinces of Pakistan 

and Afghanistan border areas.

The development of each of 

these sectors will bring about job 

creation and the broader economic 

growth necessary to foster longterm stability.

USTDA spearheaded new 

engagement efforts in Indonesia 

under a broader partnership 

strategy that has been articulated 

by the Administration. In 

particular, USTDA focused its role 

in climate change, infrastructure 

modernization, and emergency 

preparedness related to multiple 

natural and security hazards. In 

2009, the Agency supported civil 

aviation governance and safety 

improvement, feasibility for 

sustainable biofuels development, 

and improvements in water 

distribution to reduce potable 

water losses at a national level.

Other prominent commitments 

during the year highlighted 

South and 

Southeast Asia

Global and regional developments over the 

past year combined to create a dynamically 

changing landscape for USTDA programs in 

South and Southeast Asia.

Engaging new 

partnerships 

for Regional 

Prosperity

development priorities in a number 

of key areas that support U.S.

strategic partnerships and trade 

goals. For instance, technical 

collaboration with APEC on 

region-wide adoption of new air 

traffic management technologies, 

and targeting critical safety 

priorities in a number of economies 

addressed the large safety and 

trade interests the U.S. has in 

this sector. In addition, USTDA’s 

continued focus on projects 

relating to flood forecasting 

and early warning systems in 

Vietnam remains a priority for the 

Agency. To address food security 

concerns, a South Asia regional 

initiative on development of an 

expanded cold chain and agriprocessing infrastructure project 

was expanded. USTDA also 

focused its efforts on clean energy 

development and security at a 

regional level, with the planning 

of an ASEAN Clean Energy 

Investment and Trade Forum 

scheduled for April 2010.

These programs sought not only to 

link USTDA with the development 

priorities of its partner countries, 

but also support the U.S. business 

community’s trade interests.

Addressing these priorities through 

the use of targeted USTDA 

program and assistance tools will 

advance U.S. business priorities 

and directly support U.S. foreign 

policy goals with key partners in 

the region.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 13

Prone to natural disasters, Thailand 

has taken steps to improve 

warning systems to prevent 

further loss of life since the Indian 

Ocean tsunami of 2004. USTDA is 

proud to have played a role in Thailand’s 

efforts that led to the purchase of more 

than 270 U.S.-manufactured warning 

towers and other weather forecasting 

and disaster response equipment valued 

at more than $15 million. 

In 2005, USTDA funded a technical 

demonstration project for Thailand’s 

National Disaster Warning Center 

(NDWC), the central point for receiving, 

monitoring, processing and relaying 

critical information on impending 

natural disasters. The demonstration 

project helped to integrate a wide 

variety of hardware computer systems, 

software applications and weather 

modeling systems that were donated 

following the tsunami. 

Importantly, the grant also facilitated a 

U.S.–Thai exchange that has empowered 

the NDWC to operate a more 

effective and efficient warning system. 

Former Chairman of the Committee 

for the National Disaster Warning 

Administration Dr. Smith Dharmasaroja 

said, “These collaborations and 

relationships will certainly continue and 

step forward into multi-hazard warning 

capacity to help save more lives of the 

people of Thailand and the region.” 

Saving Lives: 

Integrating Disaster 

Warning Systems in 

Thailand

Top photo: Bangkok by the sea.

Center: Technical training for NDWC staff 

in Bangkok conducted by the Pacific Disaster 

Warning Center, based in Honolulu, Hawaii. 

Bottom: Warning towers that were supplied 

and installed in Thailand by American Signal 

(Milwaukee WI).
14 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

The Obama Administration has 

placed a high priority on deepening 

ties with the region, with a particular emphasis on the use of clean 

energy and mitigating the effects of 

climate change. The convergence 

of these factors has created exciting opportunities for USTDA in 

the region.

In Latin America and the Caribbean, USTDA distributed funding 

across eleven countries during the 

year. The largest regional recipients of USTDA funds were Brazil, 

Colombia, and Mexico, respectively, 

with significant investments in the 

energy, information and communications technologies, environmental 

and transportation sectors.

In each of these sectors, USTDA 

supported several new innovative 

programs to respond to current 

development priorities in the 

region. For example, in the 

information and communications 

technologies sector, USTDA hosted 

a telecommunications regulatory 

workshop in Guatemala to assist 

Central American states and the 

Dominican Republic to increase 

regional collaboration and create a 

regulatory environment that will be 

conducive to increased U.S. exports 

of telecommunications equipment 

and services. In addition, USTDA 

provided funding for a feasibility 

study to help the Chilean 

telecommunications company 

Gallyas, S.A. to migrate from an 

analog trunking platform to a 

digital platform.

In support of the Energy and 

Climate Partnership of the 

Americas announced by President 

Obama in April 2009, USTDA 

launched the Clean Energy 

Exchange Program for the Americas 

designed to familiarize leading 

Latin American and Caribbean 

energy sector officials and project 

sponsors with innovative U.S. clean 

energy technologies through a 

series of orientation visits to the 

United States. Each visit, organized 

around a single clean energy 

technology, will include meetings 

with U.S. industry, financial 

institutions and U.S. government 

agencies to exchange information 

with regard to the commercial, 

technological, regulatory, and 

financial aspects associated with 

implementing clean energy projects.

With respect to environmental 

technologies, USTDA’s activities 

included funding for an orientation 

visit to the United States for five 

officials from the water supply and 

sanitation company of Campinas 

Municipality (Sociedade de Abastecimento de Agua e Saneamento) 

in Sao Paulo, Brazil to learn about 

the latest in U.S. effluent membrane 

technologies.

Latin America 

 and the Caribbean

Forging 

Partnerships

in a Dynamic

Environment

Many of the economies of Latin America and the 

Caribbean continue to make major investments 

in infrastructure despite the challenges 

emanating from the global financial crisis.

In the aviation setor, USTDA 

launched an important Aviation 

Cooperation Initiative of the 

Americas. The initiative will 

familiarize key aviation officials 

and project sponsors with the 

latest advances in U.S. aviation 

industry technologies through a 

series of reverse trade missions and 

a technical seminar in the United 

States. In particular, the initiative 

will address aircraft, air traffic 

control/navigation and airport 

modernization efforts that have 

taken place in the United States 

but are easily replicable within 

the region.

Fundamental to USTDA’s regional 

program was its portfolio of 

programs in Brazil. As a natural 

expansion of USTDA’s program in 

Brazil following it being awarded 

USTDA’s Country of the Year in 

2008, the Agency placed a fulltime Country Representative in 

Brazil. Because of the breadth 

and diversity of programs, its 

Country Representative has 

already been instrumental to 

the Agency’s client outreach and 

on-going program administration 

activities. Importantly, the Country 

Representative is enabling USTDA 

to have an on-the-ground presence 

that will help to spur economic 

development and the export 

sales of U.S.-manufactured goods 

and services.

USTDA’s portfolio in Latin America 

and the Caribbean for FY 2009 illustrated the Agency’s continued focus 

on U.S. foreign policy and trade 

objectives, while simultaneously 

addressing the development priorities of countries within the region.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 15

F

acing gas supply shortages as a result of 

increasing economic growth, Colombia 

sought to construct a gas treatment plant 

to unlock the country’s access to clean natural 

gas reserves with assistance of feasibility study 

financing from USTDA. The study identified 

the optimum development concept and gas 

treatment technology to develop the Cusiana 

Gas Treatment Plant. With this detailed analysis 

and the competitiveness of the U.S. industry 

in this sector, the project developer, Ecopetrol, 

has imported close to $50 million in U.S.-

manufactured equipment, compressors and tools 

during the construction of the gas treatment 

plant. In addition, Ecopetrol has installed 

enhanced technologies that help monitor and 

control the dew point level in the hydrocarbons 

emitted by the plant, making the emissions more 

environmentally-friendly.

Constructed by Howe and Baker (Tyler, TX) 

with equipment from Universal Compresssion 

(Houston, TX) and Enfab (Houston, TX), 

the Cusiana Gas Treatment Plant is enabling 

Colombia to increase the amount of clean 

natural gas it uses to power its economy. This 

increased use of clean natural gas changes the 

energy mix, thereby decreasing the demand 

for more traditional energy sources such as oil 

and coal. Since its construction, U.S. companies 

continue to export to the project with the export 

of purification products and related equipment 

from Pall Corporation (Port Washington, NY) to 

optimize the plant’s production. 

Generating Energy in Colombia

Left: Cusiana Gas Treatment Plant 

in Colombia.

Below: Since Colombia prioritized 

natural gas, which is plentiful and less 

environmentally damaging than other 

fuels typically used for cooking, Yarlis 

Miranda (pictured, left), a young woman 

living in the village of Repelón, improved 

her health when her home was connected 

to the natural gas grid, thus eliminating 

harmful pollutants emitted by firewood. 

Courtesy of the Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid
16 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

These sectors represent opportunities for the Agency to support local 

efforts to diversify their energy 

supply, improve water management 

and treatment systems, and construct a more reliable and secure 

transportation system.

Throughout the Agency’s portfolio 

in the region, USTDA has applied 

innovative and proven U.S.

technologies to create collaborative 

partnerships that represent the 

Agency’s approach to advancing 

economic growth overseas and 

creating jobs in the United States.

For example, USTDA invested in 

new solar power development in 

Jordan that will lay the groundwork 

for a concentrated solar power 

plant demonstration project, using 

U.S. technology supplied by eSolar, 

Inc. of Pasadena, California. The 

Agency also funded a reverse 

trade mission that familiarized 

Jordanian private and public sector 

representatives with U.S. renewable 

energy technologies. Also in the 

energy sector, USTDA provided 

a grant to the National Electric 

Power Company in Jordan to assist 

it in incorporating renewable 

resources into its electrical system 

planning process.

Along with spurring new clean 

energy development, one of the 

most pressing issues throughout 

the region is access to clean water 

resources. Recognizing this need, 

USTDA expanded its commitment 

to water infrastructure development 

through its support of two reverse 

trade missions to the United States 

for water sector officials from 

Jordan, Algeria and Morocco.

The visits helped to introduce 

the delegates to U.S. wastewater 

equipment, services, and 

technology. The Jordanian visit also 

included delegates from Jordan’s 

Millennium Challenge Account, 

which represents an important 

example of USTDA’s ongoing 

cooperative efforts with the 

Millennium Challenge Corporation 

to advance the Administration’s 

broader development goals.

To further advance local 

priorities for the development of 

infrastructure and technology in 

the transportation sector, USTDA 

pursued various projects that 

represented strong opportunities 

for the export of U.S.-manufactured 

goods and services. Building 

on past success in the Egyptian 

railways sector, USTDA invested 

in a feasibility study for Egyptian 

National Railways to improve the 

safety of operations and introduce 

U.S.-manufactured Positive Train 

Control technologies. The Agency 

Middle East 

and North Africa

Collaborating for 

Clean Energy And 

Infrastructure 

Development

This past year USTDA focused its program in 

the Middle East and North Africa in three 

key areas: clean energy, clean water, and 

transportation infrastructure.

also provided grants to the Aqaba 

Development Corporation in 

Jordan and to the National Ports 

Agency of Morocco to fund 

feasibilities studies for vessel traffic 

management systems. Both projects 

will help track vessel movements 

and improve navigation safety in 

the coastal waterways of Jordan and 

Morocco, respectively.

Looking forward, USTDA will 

continue its investment in 

innovative technologies that will 

improve the supply of power and 

renewable energy sources in the 

region, most notably through 

MENA Power 2010: A Middle 

East and North Africa Technology 

and Projects Forum in Cairo, 

Egypt, which will take place in 

May 2010. MENA Power 2010 will 

provide an opportunity for local 

project sponsors to showcase for 

U.S. businesses their plans and 

upcoming projects in this sector.

Complementing the conference, 

USTDA will place a high emphasis 

on supporting projects that foster 

increased use of clean energy 

technologies throughout the region.

In the coming year, USTDA will 

also remain focused on a broad 

spectrum of programs that directly 

support priorities within the 

region and U.S. foreign policy 

goals. Addressing these priorities 

will facilitate partnerships and the 

application of U.S. technologies to 

development needs throughout the 

Middle East and North Africa.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 17

City officials in Fes, Morocco were concerned in the 

late 1990s that solid waste, if not managed properly, 

would contribute to public health problems and poor 

living conditions. Responding to a request by the 

Communaute Urbaine de la Wilaya de Fes (CUWF), 

the region’s inter-city government authority, USTDA 

recognized a long-term opportunity and funded 

a feasibility study to evaluate possible solutions 

to Fes’ waste management needs. The study was 

conducted by Edgeboro International; a New Jerseybased environmental design, management and 

construction company.

Ultimately, the results of this study are contributing 

to more than $62 million in U.S. exports for 

multiple projects. Of particular importance was 

CUWF’s decision to seek bids for the solid waste 

management project in Fes that opened the door 

for Edgeboro International (Milltown, New Jersey) 

and Global Environmental Sustainability, Inc. (GESI) 

(Princeton, New Jersey) to play a leadership role 

in its implementation. The 10-year management, 

engineering and services contract awarded for 

the construction and operation of a controlled 

landfill in Fes was the first of its kind in Morocco. 

This contract was extended in 2007 for another 

20 years to recover and reuse the biogas from the 

landfill by generating approximately 3 megawatts 

of electricity that could be used for public lighting 

and reducing approximately 100,000 tons per year 

of greenhouse gas emissions.

Capitalizing on USTDA’s previous efforts, 

Edgeboro and GESI recently were awarded an 

18-year contract for the closure of the old landfill 

and the construction and operation of a new 

controlled landfill in Casablanca, the largest in 

Morocco. The Casablanca project will produce 

approximately 6 megawatts of electricity and 

reduce approximately 400,000 tons per year of 

greenhouse gas emissions. 

GESI’s President, Dr. Ahmed Hamidi, credits USTDA 

for setting the stage for these activities, which 

represent the first privatization of waste management 

in Morocco. Dr. Hamidi concluded, “USTDA’s initial 

efforts resulted in the closure of old open dumps, 

the construction of new state of the art controlled 

landfills, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, 

and the generation of revenues to several Moroccan 

communities by the sale of electricity and carbon 

credits generated from the solid waste.” 

Treating Solid Waste in Morocco

Left: After USTDA facilitated GESI’s entry into 

the Morocco market to successfully address 

waste management needs in Fes, GESI President 

Dr. Ahmed Hamidi (pictured, left), Casablanca 

Mayor Mohamed Sajid (pictured, right) and 

Wali-Governor Mohamed Kabbaj (pictured, 

center) sign a contract for GESI and EII to 

manage a landfill in Casablanca. 

Bottom left: Mr. Jack Whitman, President of 

Edgeboro International, Inc. (pictured, right) 

standing at the entrance of the new controlled 

landfill in Fes, Morocco.

Bottom right: Morocco Fes Landfill Construction
Strategic Focus 

USTDA Eligibility Criteria

Proposals submitted to USTDA for funding 

consideration are evaluated primarily on the 

following criteria:

• priority of the project to the sponsor and the 

country where it is located;

• the likelihood that the project will receive 

implementation financing; 

• clear positive developmental impact on the host 

country; and,

• potential for the export of U.S.-manufactured 

goods and services, thereby supporting U.S. jobs.

Each year, USTDA supports activities aimed at furthering 

countries’ economic development by providing foreign 

project sponsors with access to U.S. private sector technologies, expertise, and best practices. This is a formula 

that has proven successful in advancing economic 

development abroad and creating jobs in the United 

States. Going forward, USTDA will continue prioritizing 

programs that will speed the deployment of new clean 

energy solutions in response to increasing demand. In 

carrying out this priority, the Agency will target those 

countries where clean energy can have a transformative 

impact on development while simultaneously limiting 

harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Similarly, the Agency 

will continue its focus on the creation of cooperation 

programs that build the partnerships for sustainable 

development. These programs establish relationships 

necessary for U.S. companies to succeed while leveraging 

the resources of the private sector; thereby expanding the 

impact of USTDA’s investment.

USTDA will also continue supporting activities that 

advance the Millennium Development Goals. With a 

focus on sub-Saharan Africa, the Agency will prioritize its 

investments in information and communication technology, transportation, and clean and renewable energy. Each 

of these sectors has an important role to play in advancing 

economic development and raising the standard of living 

for those people who are suffering from extreme poverty 

and hunger.

Performance and 

Development Measurement

USTDA has taken several steps to ensure that its program 

remains results-oriented and successful in delivering 

commercial foreign assistance. Fundamental to the 

tracking of USTDA’s program is its effort to closely 

18 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Recognizing acute shortcomings in 

Afghanistan’s telecommunications capability, 

in 2002 and 2003, USTDA invested 

in Afghanistan’s ability to develop a national 

telecommunications policy, appropriate legal 

framework and independent regulatory agency. 

Based on the clarity and transparency of these 

market-oriented activities, the number of 

telephones in the country has expanded by more 

than 300 times to reach 10.4 million subscribers 

as of June 2009, attracting $1.236 billion in 

private equity investment. The project has created 

part-time jobs for at least 100 Afghans and by 

the end of 2009, 500 people will be employed 

permanently.

Working with Network Dynamics Associates 

(Weston, CT) and Afghanistan’s Ministry of 

Communications and Information Technology, 

USTDA enabled the creation of the national 

satellite network to link provincial capitals and 

smaller towns to an international hub in Kabul; 

established government administrative offices 

throughout Afghanistan; and constructed the 

national fiber optic ring network. 

“Afghanistan’s telecom policy and the new telecom 

law have been put in force and the Afghanistan 

Telecomm Regulatory Authority has been 

established,” said Ministry of Communication and 

Information Technology Director of Planning and 

Policy, Ajmal Ayan. “The basic framework for both 

was established through the technical assistance 

that USTDA funded.” 

USTDA also sponsored a reverse trade mission 

to the United States to provide senior Afghan 

officials with access to U.S. policymakers and 

companies pursuing opportunities in Afghanistan. 

This comprehensive approach has led to at least 

$38 million in exports of U.S.-manufactured goods 

and services to commercial telecommunications 

services providers.

Expanding Access to Telecommunications Services 

for the People of Afghanistan 
monitor both commercial and developmental impacts.

On the commercial side, the Agency focuses its efforts 

on identifying U.S. exports generated as a result of 

assistance provided by USTDA. Currently, USTDA’s 

export multiplier is 41. This represents $41 in U.S. exports 

for every $1 USTDA invests in projects overseas, far 

exceeding its target goal of 35. On the development side, 

USTDA tracks: 1) infrastructure improvements; 2) the 

adoption of market-oriented reform; 3) human capacitybuilding; and 4) the transfer of advanced technology or 

increased productivity. Together, these indicators measure 

the Agency’s ability to achieve its mission of promoting 

U.S. private sector participation in development projects 

in emerging economies around the world.

Program Activities

Project Definition and Investment Analysis

• Project Definitional Missions and Desk Studies:

One of the earliest stages of project planning is the 

development of the scope of an activity that must be 

addressed before an investment decision can be made.

USTDA helps to ensure that a project is appropriately 

conceived by contracting with technical specialists to 

perform this due diligence. Using U.S. private sector resources and expertise, these activities provide 

preliminary assessments of the economic viability of 

proposed projects and determine whether they meet 

USTDA’s funding criteria.

• Feasibility Studies and Sector Development: USTDA 

provides grants for overseas infrastructure project 

planning assistance, such as technical assistance 

and feasibility studies. These grants assist in the 

development of market-oriented reforms undertaken 

by overseas governments and the evaluation of the 

technical, financial, environmental, legal, and other 

critical aspects of infrastructure development projects 

that are of interest to potential lenders and investors.

Further, USTDA supports procurement assistance 

to overseas partners as they undertake fair and open 

competitive bidding on international tenders for 

infrastructure development projects. Host country 

project sponsors select the U.S. companies, normally 

through open competitions that perform USTDAfunded activities.

• Orientation Visits: Orientation visits bring foreign 

project sponsors to the United States to observe the 

design, manufacture, demonstration, and operation 

of U.S. products and services that can potentially help 

them achieve their development goals. USTDA works 

with U.S. firms to assist in the preparation and management of these customized visits.

Arizona

California

Connecticut

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Louisiana

Maryland

Massachusetts

Nevada

New Mexico

New York

Texas

Virginia

Washington

Wisconsin

States visited by USTDA-sponsored 

delegations in FY 2009: 

• Workshops and Conferences: USTDA organizes 

workshops, conferences, and technical symposia 

worldwide. These events are sector or projectoriented and are aimed at connecting overseas 

project sponsors with U.S. firms and entities 

that supply project finance, technology, and 

industry expertise that may be useful in project 

implementation.

Sector Development and 

Trade Capacity-Building

• Sector Development Technical Assistance:

USTDA provides technical assistance to facilitate 

the development of sector strategies, industry 

standards, and legal and regulatory frameworks.

This assistance helps to create a favorable business 

and trade environment.

• Training: USTDA provides training for foreign 

decision-makers in economic sectors where there 

are opportunities for the sale of U.S. equipment 

and services. The training is normally focused on 

technology or regulatory issues and is designed to 

give project sponsors a better understanding of U.S.

experience and capabilities. Training is conducted 

in the United States and/or in the host country.

• Trade and Industry Advisors: Foreign government entities may obtain USTDA grants for trade 

and industry advisors. These advisors are typically 

located in ministries or municipalities where they 

can help with capacity-building activities relevant 

to trade regulations, standards, or the import of 

technology and additional expertise.

CA

AZ NM

WA

WI

CT

GA

IL IN

LA

NV

TX

FL

VA

MD

DC

NY MA

A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 19
Internet — www.ustda.gov

USTDA’s website provides comprehensive 

information on its program, current 

business opportunities, upcoming events, 

completed reports, Agency news, and 

recent publications.

Requests for Proposals (RFP)

USTDA posts RFP announcements about 

current business opportunities with the 

Agency and its overseas grant recipients 

on the Federal Business Opportunities 

(FBO) website at www.fbo.gov. Links 

to the FBO postings are available on 

USTDA’s website at www.ustda.gov. RFP 

packages may be requested electronically 

via USTDA’s website.

On-Line Consultant Database

Many USTDA activities are reserved 

exclusively for small businesses. Small U.S.

businesses interested in being considered 

for contracting opportunities with USTDA 

can register with the Agency’s On-line 

Consultant Database on the Agency’s 

website. Businesses should also register with 

the U.S. Government’s Central Contractor 

Registration website at www.ccr.gov.

Library

USTDA’s library maintains final reports of 

Agency-funded activities and can provide 

electronic copies of those reports upon 

request by e-mailing library@ustda.gov.

Furthermore, USTDA posts new reports 

directly on its website, www.ustda.gov.

Publications

The Agency prints a quarterly newsletter 

and a biweekly eNewsletter to provide 

information about USTDA activities 

and events. A free subscription to the 

eNewsletter is available on USTDA’s website.

Requests for copies of printed publications 

can also be made via the Agency’s website.

Client Resources

Questions about USTDA

General inquiries about USTDA’s program can be made 

by calling (703) 875-4357, sending a fax to (703) 875-4009 

or an e-mail to info@ustda.gov, or completing the Contact 

Form on the Agency’s website.

To contact USTDA’s program staff, send an e-mail to your 

region of interest: 

• East Asia:

East_Asia@ustda.gov

• Europe and Eurasia:

Europe_Eurasia@ustda.gov

• Latin America and the Caribbean:

LAC@ustda.gov

• Middle East and North Africa:

MENA@ustda.gov

• South and Southeast Asia:

South_Southeast_Asia@ustda.gov

• Sub-Saharan Africa:

Africa@ustda.gov

USTDA executives and department heads

To contact a USTDA Staff member, please call our main 

office line at 703-875-4357.

Acting Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leocadia I. Zak 

General Counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James A. Wilderotter 

Chief of Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas R. Hardy

Director for Policy and Program 

and Regional Director, East Asia . . . . . . . Geoffrey Jackson

Acting Regional Director, 

Europe and Eurasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David Hester

Regional Director, 

Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . Nathan Younge

Regional Director, 

Middle East and North Africa...........Carl B. Kress

Regional Director, 

South and South East Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . Henry Steingass 

Regional Director, 

Sub-Saharan Africa Region . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Marin

Evaluations Officer and Economist,

Office of Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David Denny

Grants Administrator,

Office of Grants Administration . . . . . . . Pat Daughetee

Financial Manager, Office of Finance . . . . Noreen St. Louis

Contracts Office Manager, 

Office of Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Walter Knott

Administrative Officer

Office of Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carolyn Hum

Program Manager,

Office of Information Technology . . . . . . Salim Khoury*

Manager, Information Resources Center . . Deena Elkadi*

20 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

*contractor working for USTDA
Summary of FY 2009 Program Activities

FY 2009 Program Activities Listed by Region

A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 21

USTDA ACTIVITIES

By Value of Obligations

2007	 2008	 2009

DM/Desk Studies $ 1,846,201 4.0% $ 3,098,054 6.6% $3,113,729 7.3%

Feasibility Studies $ 18,843,510 41.1% $ 18,505,719 39.8% $ 16,976,887 39.7%

Orientation Visits $ 5,165,388 11.3% $ 3,754,900 8.1% $ 147,480 0.3%

Technical Assistance $ 18,424,377 40.2% $ 17,148,527 36.9% $ 6,846,102 16.0%

Trade-Related Training $ 1,533,100 3.3% $ 1,620,445 3.5% $ 12,938,397 30.2%

Technical Symposia $ 0 0.0% $ 2,319,743 5.0% $ 1,178,642 2.8%

Other $ 34,508 0.1% $ 30,527 0.1% $ 1,577,466 3.7%

Totals	 $ 45,847,084 	 100%	 $ 46,477,915 	 100%	 $ 42,778,703 	 100%

USTDA ACTIVITIES BY ECONOMIC SECTOR

By Value of Obligations

2007	 2008	 2009

Agribusiness $ 1,145,211 2.5% $ 991,010 2.1% $ 2,320,892 5.4%

Clean Energy/Climate Change — — $9,938,824 23.3%

Energy & Power $ 13,890,947 30.3% $ 10,948,326 23.5% $ 280,362 0.7%

Human Resources $ 153,878 0.3% $ 752,387 1.6% $ 737,901 1.7%

Manufacturing $ 320,320 0.7% $ 1,704,019 3.7% $ 784,718 1.8%

Mining & Natural Resources $ 74,992 0.2% $ 2,307,483 5.0% $ 2,177,019 5.1%

Multi-Sector & Other $ 2,833,933 6.2% $ 3,567,543 7.7% $ 902,588 2.1%

Services $ 4,426,520 9.6% $ 3,327,051 7.2% $ 2,419,958 5.6%

Telecommunications $ 6,519,226 14.2% $ 6,050,674 13.0% $ 2,738,199 6.4%

Transportation $ 10,064,025 22.0% $ 12,449,410 26.8% $16,426,031 38.4%

Water & Environment $ 6,418,032 14.0% $ 4,380,012 9.4% $4,052,211 9.5%

Totals	 $ 45,847,084	 100%	 $ 46,477,915 	 100%	 $ 42,778,703 	 100%

EAST ASIA

China Power Plant Emissions Monitoring and Control Orientation Visit Global Marketing and Communications Arlington VA 11,878

China Shanghai-Dianghsan Lake Water Monitoring System Desk Study Eurasia Environmental Associates, LLC Westfield NJ 4,200

China Healthcare and Emergency Response ICT Systems Projects Definitional Mission Network Dynamics Associates, LLC Weston CT 45,000

China Energy Efficiency Projects Definitional Mission Reilly Associates Middletown NJ 50,000

China Search and Rescue Operations Technical Assistance Selection in progress 232,340

China Search and Rescue Operations Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 5,000

China Water Quality Cooperation Program Technical Assistance Scranton Gillette Communications Arlington Heights IL 450,000

China Customs and Trade Facilitation Training Desk Study Global Resources, Inc. Irvine CA 10,000

China U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation, Program Phase V Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 10,000

China U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation, Program Phase V Technical Assistance American Association of Airport Executives Alexandria VA 1,431,053

China U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation, Program Phase V Technical Assistance Federal Aviation Administration Washington DC 63,186

China Applied Cold Chain Best Practices Outreach Program Technical Assistance The Peoples Group Arlington VA 235,959

China Rural Land Registration and Certification Program Desk Study Pythia International Inc. Halifax VA 5,000

China 800MW IGCC Power Station Desk Study Brooks Howell and Co, LLC Pungoteague VA 5,000

China Cold Chain Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 236,442

China Sichuan Regional Health Network and Services Strategy Technical Assistance Selection in progress 570,642

China Coal Mine Methane Gas Power Generation Feasibility Study SCS Energy, LLC Long Beach CA 655,185

China Railroad Technology and Locomotive Emissions Reduction Orientation Visit Global Marketing and Communications Arlington MA 222,246

China Rural Land Registration and Certification Program Technical Assistance Selection in progress 478,439

China Provincial Emergency Medical Services Capacity Building Technical Assistance Selection in progress 294,119

China Beijing 2nd Airport Runway Assistance Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 3,000

China Restoration of Lake Tai Desk Study Enviromation Incorporated Spotsylvania VA 3,000

China U.S.-China Standards & Conformity Assessment Cooperation Program, Phase II Desk Study Allen F. Johnson & Associates Washington DC 3,000

China Energy Cooperation Program Desk Study Cotting Industries, Inc. Atlanta GA 3,000

China Agricultural Biotechnology Training Program Desk Study CORE International Washington DC 5,500

China Agricultural Biotechnology Training Program Technical Assistance Dasun Consulting Urbandale IA 577,974

Mongolia Airline Expansion Plan Technical Assistance IOS Partners Coral Gables FL 271,600

Mongolia Airline Expansion Plan Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 3,000

Mongolia Cement Plant Development Desk Study Alex Mishulovich Wilmette IL 5,980

Mongolia Cement Plant Development Feasibility Study FLSmidth Inc. Bethlehem PA 250,000

Regional East Asia Regional Project Analyst Services Technical Assistance 18,565

Reg’l South & SE Asia Regional Project Anaylst Services Technical Assistance 51,993

TOTAL FOR EAST ASIA: $ 6,212,301

Country	 Title	 Activity	 U.S.Firm	 City	 State	 Funds Obligated
FY 2009 Program Activities Listed by Region

22 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Country	 Title	 Activity	 U.S.Firm	 City	 State	 Funds Obligated

EUROPE AND EURASIA

Afghanistan/Pakistan Afghanistan/Pakistan Transport Sector – (Afghanistan) Definitional Mission TERA International Group, Inc. Sterling VA 44,266

Azerbaijan Air Safety Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 3,000

Azerbaijan Air Safety Technical Assistance The Wicks Group, PLLC Washington DC 310,200

Azerbaijan SOCAR Waste Management Facility Feasibility Study Selection in progress 572,068

Azerbaijan Capacity Building for State Oil Fund Desk Study Tusk Financial Washington DC 3,000

Azerbaijan SOFAZ Phase III Technical Assistance Overture Financial LLC New York NY 250,000

Bulgaria National ICT Network Project Feasibility Study Central Point, LLC McLean VA 390,180

Bulgaria United Medical Group Expansion Feasibility Study Selection in progress 268,823

Bulgaria Natural Gas Sector Definitional Mission Constant Group LLC Maywood NJ 45,000

Bulgaria Railway Modernization Projects Orientation Visit Decision / Analysis Partners, LLC Fairfax VA 231,309

Bulgaria Wind Farm Project Desk Study ENPRO Walnut Creek CA 3,000

Georgia Coal Bed Methane/ Coal Mine Methane Feasibility Study Advanced Resources International, Inc Fairfax VA 284,342

Georgia Coal Bed Methane/ Coal Mine Methane FS Desk Study BCS, Inc. Laurel MD 3,000

Georgia National Fiber-Optic Backbone Network Desk Study Global Resources, Inc. Irvine CA 5,000

Georgia UTG Fiber Optic and Broadband Feasibility Study Project Finance Advisors, LLC Bethesda MD 336,300

Georgia Underground Gas Storage Orientation Visit Millennium Science & Engineering, Inc. Chantilly VA 212,855

Kazakhstan Early Departure Procedure Project Technical Assistance Selection in progress 374,268

Kazakhstan Maritime Legal and Regulatory Project Technical Assistance Selection in progress 327,844

Kosovo Kosovo Telecommunications Regulatory Authority Training Training Decision / Analysis Partners, LLC Fairfax VA 198,903

Lithuania Rural Area Information Network Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 121,497

Lithuania Nuclear Energy Orientation Visit Energetics Washington DC 144,909

Romania National Emergency Management System Technical Assistance Decision / Analysis Partners, LLC Fairfax VA 17,600

Romania Liquefied Natural Gas Import Terminal Feasibility Study Granherne, Inc. Houston TX 272,006

Romania Tulcea Water and Wastewater System Improvements Feasibility Study Selection in progress 339,400

Romania Wastewater Treatment Orientation Visit Orientation Visit Millennium Science & Engineering, Inc. Chantilly VA 184,869

Romania Emergency Management and Communications Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 198,180

Romania Aidmatrix Network Development and Expansion Desk Study Network Dynamics Associates, LLC Weston CT 8,000

Romania Emergency Mangement Sector Definitional Mission James T. Reilly Red Bank NJ 35,000

Serbia and Montenegro Belgrade Airport Expansion Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 3,000

Serbia and Montenegro Belgrade District Heating Desk Study Brooks Howell and Co, LLC Pungoteague VA 3,000

Slovak Republic GHIC Smart Card Desk Study Washington Strategic Advisors, LLC Washington DC 3,000

Turkey Energy Diversification and Efficiency Projects Definitional Mission Energy Markets Group Washington DC 175,838

Turkey Energy Diversification and Efficiency Projects Other U.S. Embassy (Ankara) 617

Turkey Renewable Energy Orientation Visit Millennium Science & Engineering, Inc. Chantilly VA 194,006

Turkey Solar Energy Tender Technical Assistance National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden CO 186,297

Turkey Coal Gasification Project Feasibility Study Selection in progress 437,020

Turkey Energy Demand and Supply Projections and Energy Planning Technical Assistance U.S. Department of Energy Argonne IL 228,686

Turkey Public Facility Energy Efficiency and ESCO Development Orientation Visit United States Energy Association, Inc. Washington DC 245,994

Ukraine Energy Efficiency Definitional Mission GreenMax Capital Advisors Brooklyn NY 50,000

Ukraine Berdyansk Port Expansion Desk Study Leonard Sugin New York NY 6,000

Ukraine Ukraine ICT Definitional Mission Definitional Mission Washington Strategic Advisors, LLC Washington DC 34,480

Ukraine ICT Orientation Visit Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 169,493

Ukraine Donetsk International Airport Improvement and Expansion Feasibility Study Selection in progress 520,208

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Central and South Asia Regional Aviation Forum – Travel Other U.S. Department of Transportation Washington DC 3,794

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Romania and Bulgaria Healthcare Sector Definitional Mission The Peoples Group Arlington VA 50,000

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Engery Sector Definitional Mission in Georgia and Armenia Definitional Mission MT Energy Associates Vienna VA 38,500

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Albania and Croatia ICT Development Definitional Mission Global Resources, Inc. Irvine CA 44,436

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia KCTS Port Oil Transport Definitional Mission Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 39,893

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Project Analyst Advisory Services Technical Assistance Thomas Folsom Washington DC 51,993

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Ukraine and Romania Aviation Definitional Mission Airline Capital Associates New York NY 44,423

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Project Analyst Advisory Services Technical Assistance 51,993

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia USTDA Program Development Technical Assistance USTDA Program Staff Arlington VA 90,039

Reg’l Europe/Eurasia Project Analyst Technical Assistance 6,250

TOTAL FOR EUROPE AND EURASIA: $ 7,863,779

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

Brazil Tancredo Neves Int’l Airport Network Master Plan Technical Assistance Selection in progress 573,000

Brazil Multi-Sector Technology Park Feasibility Study Selection in progress 507,000

Brazil Industrial Water Discharge Reduction in Sao Paulo Technical Assistance Selection in progress 683,000

Brazil Brazil Foreign National Position Technical Assistance US and Foreign Commercial Service Washington DC 152,000

Brazil Airports Modernization and Aviation Integration Definitional Mission KED Group Columbia SC 50,505

Brazil SANASA Effluent Membranes Orientation Visit Millennium Science & Engineering, Inc. Chantilly VA 134,305

Brazil Rio Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Plant Feasibility Study Selection in progress 406,000

Brazil Port Logistics and Navigation Opportunities Definitional Mission Portal Commerce & Logistics, LLC Madison CT 59,734

Brazil Rio Grande do Sul Airports Development Program Technical Assistance Selection in progress 630,000

Chile Rural Connectivity Desk Study Black Oak Capital Advisors, LLC Washington DC 1,000

Chile Digital Trunking Technologies Feasibility Study Selection in progress 436,000

Colombia Geothermal Power Generation Desk Study Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ 10,000

Colombia Port of Buenaventura Operational and Security Enhancement Feasibility Study Selection in progress 400,000

Colombia Satellite Technologies OV Orientation Visit Business Council for International Understanding New York NY 145,940

Colombia Passport Technologies Orientation Visit Meridian International Center Washington DC 49,708

Colombia Ports of Cartagena and Contecar Central Security & Customs Facility Feasibility Study Selection in progress 400,000

Colombia Port of Salgar Terminal Rehabilitation Feasibility Study Selection in progress 415,000

Colombia Ports and Waterways Technologies Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 211,047

Costa Rica ICT and Telecommunications Projects Definitional Mission Martin Morell New York NY 30,837

Guatemala National Airport System Modernization Feasibility Study Selection in progress 509,000

Haiti Modification to Jatropha Biodiesel Development Phase 1 Desk Study Winrock International Arlington VA 3,000

Mexico Ensenada International Airport Development Feasibility Study T.Y. Lin International Coral Gables FL 630,000

Mexico Airport Development and Management Projects Definitional Mission KED Group Columbia SC 33,111
FY 2009 Program Activities Listed by Region

A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 23

Panama Air Cargo Facility Feasibility Study Selection in progress 258,000

Peru OSIPTEL Integrated Broadband ICT Desk Study E. Farell Consulting Company Alexandria VA 4,000

Venezuela Nueva Esparta Wastewater and Potable Water System – Desk Study Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 3,000

Review of Work Product – Close Out 

Regional LAC Renewable Energy Projects in Central America Definitional Mission Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ 47,000

Regional LAC Aviation Sector Projects in Central America Definitional Mission Hernan E. Pena, Jr. Charleston SC 43,944

Regional LAC Project Analyst Technical Assistance 51,993

Regional LAC Colombia and Paraguay Aviation Opportunities Definitional Mission QED Airport & Aviation Consultants Amelia Island FL 42,500

Regional LAC Clean Energy Exchange Program for the Americas Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 845,148

Regional LAC Aviation Cooperation Initiative of the Americas Orientation Visit American Association of Airport Executives Alexandria VA 932,867

Regional LAC Waste-to-Energy Definitional Mission Greenmax Capital Advisors Brooklyn NY 50,000

Regional LAC Caribbean Wastewater Management Fund Desk Study Performance Technology, Inc Lewiston ME 9,600

Regional LAC Caribbean Ferry Service Desk Study Leonard Sugin New York NY 7,500

TOTAL FOR LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: $ 8,765,739

MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

Algeria SONATRACH Environmental Projects Definitional Mission Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 49,873

Egypt ICT Modernization of Egypt Air: Maintenance and Engineering Technical Assistance Simat, Helliesen & Eichner Inc. Cambridge MA 210,443

Egypt Oil and Gas Sector Definitional Mission Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 49,804

Egypt Technical Advisory Services for EgyptAir M&E Definitional Mission Global Resources, Inc. Irvine CA 23,652

Egypt Positive Train Control System Feasibility Study Selection in progress 658,323

Egypt EHC Steam Cracker Feasibility Study KBR Energy and Chemicals Houston TX 263,601

Egypt Aromatics Complex Project – Additional Funds Feasibility Study Granherne, Inc. Houston TX 20,000

Egypt Aromatics Complex Project – Review of Changes to the TOR Desk Study Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 2,000

Iraq Pharmaceuticals and Medical Equipment Procurement Desk Study OMMA Healthcare, LLC Rollinsville CO 10,000

Jordan Renewable Energy Orientation Visit Technical Resources International, Inc. Bethesda MD 217,078

Jordan Technical Evaluation for the Jordanian Electrical System – Review Desk Study Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ 6,000

Jordan Technical Evaluation for the Jordanian Electrical System Technical Assistance Selection in progress 370,000

Jordan Vessel Traffic System and Integrated Port Community Service Feasibility Study Selection in progress 418,010

Jordan Concentrated Solar Power Plant Feasibility Study Selection in progress 738,492

Jordan Disi Aquifer & SCADA System Analysis Technical Assistance AECOM (USA), Inc. Los Angeles CA 48,825

Jordan Disi Aquifer & SCADA System Analysis – Review of the TOR Desk Study Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 2,999

Lebanon e-North Initiative for Rural Broadband Access Desk Study Global Resources, Inc. Irvine CA 6,840

Morocco Cold Chain Storage for Fisheries Technical Assistance Selection in progress 462,970

Morocco Royal Air Maroc Aviation Definitional Mission KED Group Columbia SC 34,542

Morocco Ports Vessel Traffic Management and Security and Surveillance Systems Feasibility Study Selection in progress 280,238

Morocco Agadir Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Desk Study AJGB International Seattle WA 4,975

Morocco Weather Observation Network Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY 2,000

Morocco Office Nationale de l’Electricite (ONE) Reorganization – Review of Work Completed Desk Study Tusk, LLC Washington DC 3,000

West Bank Transportation Sector Definitional Mission Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 46,736

West Bank Oil and Gas Sector Definitional Mission Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 39,675

West Bank Fiberglass Pultrusion Plant Desk Study Emerging Markets Infrastructure Harrisville NH 8,450

Yemen National Rural Electrification Program – Review Desk Study GreenMax Capital Advisors Brooklyn NY 6,000

Yemen National Rural Electrification Program – Follow-on Technical Assistance National Rural Electric Cooperative Association International, Ltd. Arlington VA 259,382

Regional MENA Lebanon and Jordan Port Sector Definitional Mission Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 49,964

Regional MENA Egypt and Morocco Rail Sector Definitional Mission The Seneca Group, LLC Washington DC 49,681

Regional MENA Travel Expenses for Coastal Communications Station Relocation Other US and Foreign Commercial Service Washington DC 230

Regional MENA Algeria, Tunisia and Libya ICT Sectors Definitional Mission Network Dynamics Associates, LLC Weston CT 77,307

Regional MENA Morocco and Algeria Water Orientation Visit Orientation Visit Business Council for International Understanding New York NY 260,368

Regional MENA Egypt and Morocco Water Sector Definitional Mission Millennium Science and Engineering, Inc. Chantilly VA 64,935

Regional MENA MENA Electricity Conference (Briefing book + Conference Organizer) Technical Symposium MFM Group, Inc. Miami FL 660,930

Regional MENA Jordan and West Bank ICT Projects Definitional Mission Martin Morell New York NY 52,371

Regional MENA West Bank and Algeria Water and Wastewater Sector Definitional Mission Millennium Science and Engineering, Inc. Chantilly VA 64,934

Regional MENA Algeria, Egypt and Morocco Agriculture Sector Definitional Mission Agland Investment Sciences,Inc. Larskspur CA 74,865

Regional MENA Project Analyst Technical Assistance Selection in progress 51,993

Regional MENA Egypt and Jordan Health Care Improvement Definitional Mission Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 64,959

TOTAL FOR MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA: $ 5,716,445

SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

India DGCA Aviation Activities Desk Study KED Group Columbia SC 12,000

India DGCA Aviation Standards and Processes Technical Training Technical Assistance Heico Corporation Hollywood CA 371,700

India Helicopter Standards Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group Maitland FL 4,500

India Technical Assistance: Helicopter Aviation Safety Technical Assistance Bell Helicopter / Textron, Inc. Fort Worth TX 501,849

India Total Water Management Plan Desk Study RKR Enterprises Rego Park NY 6,000

India Integrated Water Resources Management Plan for Total Water Management Feasibility Study CH2M Hill Englewood CA 435,236

India 2009 U.S.-India Aviation Summit Technical Symposium American Association of Airport Executives Alexandria VA 318,451

India Solar Power Development Orientation Visit BCS, Inc. Laurel MD 216,964

India Chhattisgarh Coalbed/Coalmine Methane Capture and Utilization Feasibility Study Advanced Resources International, Inc. Arlington VA 524,819

India Cold Chain System Improvement Technical Assistance The Peoples Group Arlington VA 15,000

Indonesia Papua Ethanol Production Desk Study Energy Markets Group Washington DC 1,000

Indonesia Sorghum-based Ethanol Production Facility Feasibility Study NeaTech LLC Denver CO 320,924

Indonesia Non-Revenue Water Reduction Project for PERPAMSI Desk Study Solana Incorporated Portland ME 6,000

Indonesia Non-Revenue Water Reduction Project for PERPAMSI Feasibility Study Nobel Systems, Inc. San Bernardino CA 266,824

Indonesia Pertamina Balikpapan Bottom Conversion and Refinery Configuration Desk Study Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 7,000

Indonesia Energy Sector Projects Definitional Mission Invenire, Inc. Houston TX 49,770

Indonesia Restructuring and Regulatory Reform for Civil Aviation Authority Technical Assistance Selection in progress 341,000

Malaysia Energy Sector Definitional Mission Cotting Industries, Inc. Atlanta GA 45,000

Pakistan Bagasse-Based Cogeneration Development Orientation Visit Advanced Engineering Associates International, Inc. Cambridge MA 268,819

Pakistan Energy Projects Definitional Mission Energy Markets Group Washington DC 170,335

Country	 Title	 Activity	 U.S.Firm	 City	 State	 Funds Obligated
FY 2009 Program Activities Listed by Region

24 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Pakistan Intermodal Freight Transportation Orientation Visit The Cornell Group, Inc. Fairfax VA 270,957

Pakistan Cold Chain Assessment Desk Study SPI USA, Inc. Washington DC 4,960

Philippines Rural Electrification Distribution Improvement and Financing – Third Party Review Technical Assistance Appropriate Energy Management, Inc. West Jefferson OH 12,000

Sri Lanka Transport Logistics in Tsunami Affected Areas – Review of Work Desk Study TERA International Group, Inc. Sterling VA 3,000

Thailand BankThai Enterprise Process integration Project Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY 5,900

Thailand IT Integration for BAAC Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY 3,000

Vietnam Large Scale Wind Energy Desk Study ENPRO Walnut Creek CA 6,000

Vietnam Water Treatment Sludge Disposal Desk Study Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 4,995

Vietnam Water Treatment Sludge Disposal Feasibility Study Camp, Dresser and McKee, Inc. Cambridge MA 501,377

Vietnam Flood Forecasting and Early Warning Capacity Pilot project Technical Assistance Pacific Disaster Center Kihei HI 582,853

Vietnam Information Communication Technology Definitional Mission Leading Associates Falls Church VA 49,996

Vietnam IT Strategic Plan for Power Transmission Operations Desk Study James T. Reilly Red Bank NJ 8,000

Vietnam National Intelligent Highway System Orientation Visit Business Council for International Understanding New York NY 246,678

Reg’l South & SE Asia ADB Technical Advisory Services Desk Study The Seneca Group, LLC Washington DC 3,000

Reg’l South & SE Asia Business Development Manager, PSC Contract Funding Other Joe Mohollad Moving Woodbridge VA 1,035

Reg’l South & SE Asia APEC Aviation New Technologies Workshop II Technical Symposium MFM Group, Inc. Miami FL 43,111

Reg’l South & SE Asia Philippines and Vietnam Energy Sector Projects Definitional Mission U.S. Power Consult Maywood NJ 77,500

Reg’l South & SE Asia Project Analyst Advisory Services Other 49,996

Reg’l South & SE Asia Agro/Food Processing Best Practices and Technologies Orientation Visit The Peoples Group Arlington VA 223,781

Reg’l South & SE Asia Project Analyst Advisory Services Technical Assistance 51,993

Reg’l South & SE Asia Clean Energy Trade and Investment Conference Technical Symposium Business Council for International Understanding New York NY 406,767

Reg’l South & SE Asia Business Development Manager, PSC Contract Funding Technical Assistance 169,060

TOTAL FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA: $ 6,609,150

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Botswana Dimethyl Ether (DME) Production Facility Desk Study Intratech, Inc. McLean VA 7,500

Burkina Faso National ICT Backbone Network – Translation Services for Terms of Reference Other Transperfect Translation International Washington DC 1,807

Burkina Faso Electronic Wireless Network Development Strategy Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY 9,450

Burkina Faso National ICT Backbone FS – Review of Work Completed Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY 7,700

Cameroon Central Africa Telecommunications Market Study Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY 7,350

Cameroon MINEE Petroleum Products Pipeline Feasibility Study Selection in progress 615,000

Cameroon MINEE Gas-to-Market System Feasibility Study Selection in progress 615,000

Ghana Ports of Tema & Takoradi Master Plans Feasibility Study Halcrow, Inc. New York NY 110,100

Ghana Ports of Tema & Takoradi Master Plans Desk Study Interdisciplinary Research Consultants, Inc. Westerville OH 3,000

Ghana Oil and Gas Sector Orientation Visit Meridian International Center Washington DC 144,814

Ghana Kotoka International Airport Terminal Refurbishment Technical Assistance The LPA Group, Inc. Columbia SC 650,000

Ghana Expansion of Meteorological Services Feasibility Study IM Systems Group, Inc. Kensington MD 235,000

Ghana Kotoka International Airport Air Traffic Control Center Feasibility Study Selection in progress 295,000

Mauritius CEB Transmission Grid and Transformer Monitoring System Feasibility Study Selection in progress 325,000

Namibia Windhoek Airports Master Plan Updates Feasibility Study The Louis Berger Group, Inc. Morristown NJ 393,810

Namibia Van Eck Power Station Retrofits Desk Study CORE International Washington DC 7,500

NIGERIA National ICT Backbone Network – Translation Services for Secondary Agreement Other Transperfect Translation International Washington DC 4,209

Nigeria Hospital Standards Assessment Desk Study OMMA Healthcare, LLC Rollinsville CO 5,000

Nigeria Oil and Gas Sector Definitional Mission Invenire, Inc. Houston TX 64,999

Senegal Kaolack Customs Clearance Center Desk Study KUPS International Cabin John MD 5,000

South Africa eThekwini Electricity Distribution Systems Integration Orientation Visit CORE International Washington DC 157,750

South Africa Rand Water Services New Technology Implementation Orientation Visit The Cornell Group, Inc. Fairfax VA 1,300

South Africa Energy Efficient Building Solutions Training Global Marketing and Communications Arlington VA 268,828

Tanzania Dar es Salaam to Isaka Railway Feasibility Study BNSF Railway Company Fort Worth TX 653,600

Uganda Department of Meterological Modernization Feasibility Study Selection in progress 270,000

Uganda Sukulu Hills Phosphate Desk Study Gerald V. Jergensen Black Forest CO 3,000

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa TOR and Budget review for the Kampala-Kigali oil pipeline Desk Study MT Energy Associates Vienna VA 1,000

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Aviation Safety and Security Technical Symposium MFM Group, Inc. Miami FL 148,213

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Mandatory Overseas Security Training Training US and Foreign Commercial Service (USFCS) Washington DC 335

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Purchase Order for Storage of Household Effects Other Joe Mohollad Moving Woodbridge VA 1,609

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Ghana and Cameroon Oil and Gas Sector Definitional Mission Invenire, Inc. Houston TX 59,963

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Project Analyst: Sub-Saharan Africa Technical Assistance Jennifer K. Teel Arlington VA 51,993

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Rail Integration Project Feasibility Study Selection in progress 750,000

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa ICT projects in Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania Definitional Mission Network Dynamics Associates, LLC Weston CT 64,988

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Central Africa Power Pool Definitional Mission CORE International Washington DC 65,000

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Niger, Nigeria and Senegal ICT Opportunities Definitional Mission Washington Strategic Advisors, LLC Washington DC 94,951

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Energy & Power Sector in Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania Definitional Mission Tusk, LLC Washington DC 64,995

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa East Africa Secured Credentialing Technology Orientation Visit Computer Frontiers, Inc. Frederick MD 167,508

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa AGOA Forum Delegate Travel Technical Assistance World Travel Service McLean VA 2,705

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Training Intermodal Transportation Training The Cornell Group, Inc. Fairfax VA 454,965

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Delegate Travel for CCA Biennial U.S.-Africa Business Summit Technical Assistance World Travel Service McLean VA 1,500

Reg’l Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Regional: Business Development Manager Technical Assistance 154,591

TOTAL FOR SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: $ 6,946,033

MULTI-REGIONAL

Multi-Regional Global Customs Modernization Initiative Training Management Options, Inc. Washington DC 255,295

Multi-Regional Global Project Analyst Services Technical Assistance 51,993

Multi-Regional Afghanistan/Pakistan Transport Sector – (Pakistan) Definitional Mission TERA International Group, Inc. Sterling VA 175,000

Multi-Regional Afghanistan/Pakistan Transport Sector – (Afghanistan) Definitional Mission TERA International Group, Inc. Sterling VA 5,564

Multi-Regional Consumer Electronics Show – Technology and Development Track Orientation Visit Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. Washington DC 177,383

TOTAL MULTI-REGIONAL: $ 665,235

Country	 Title	 Activity	 U.S.Firm	 City	 State	 Funds Obligated
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 25

Independent Auditors’ Report

The Director

U.S. Trade and Development Agency:

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) as of 

September 30, 2009 and 2008, and the related statements of net cost, and changes in net position, and statements 

of budgetary resources (hereinafter referred to as “financial statements”) for the years then ended. These financial 

statements are the responsibility of the USTDA’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these 

financial statements based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America; 

the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller 

General of the United States; and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Bulletin No. 07-04, Audit Requirements 

for Federal Financial Statements, as amended. Those standards and OMB Bulletin No. 07-04 require that we plan 

and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 

misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing 

audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 

effectiveness of the USTDA’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An 

audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating 

the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the U.S. Trade and Development Agency as of September 30, 2009 and 2008, and its net costs, changes in 

net position, and budgetary resources for the years then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

The information in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis is not a required part of the financial statements, but 

is supplementary information required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We have applied certain 

limited procedures, which consisted principally of inquiries of management regarding the methods of measurement 

and presentation of this information. However, we did not audit this information and, accordingly, we express no 

opinion on it. 

The information in the Other Accompanying Information section is presented for purposes of additional analysis 

and is not required as part of the financial statements. This information has not been subjected to auditing procedures and, accordingly, we express no opinion on it. 2 In accordance with Government Auditing Standards, we 

have also issued our reports dated November 12, 2009, on our consideration of the USTDA’s internal control over 

financial reporting and our tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant 

agreements and other matters. The purpose of those reports is to describe the scope of our testing of internal control over financial reporting and compliance and the results of that testing, and not to provide an opinion on the 

internal control over financial reporting or on compliance. Those reports are an integral part of an audit performed 

in accordance with Government Auditing Standards and should be read in conjunction with this report in assessing 

the results of our audits. 

November 12, 2009 

KMPG LLP

2001 M Street, NW

Washington, DC 20036
26 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Assets FY 2009 FY 2008

Intragovernmental:

Fund balance with Treasury (Note 2) $ 108,856,619 $ 108,865,441

 Total intragovernmental 108,856,619 108,865,441

Accounts receivable (Note 3) 72,059 405,433

Other (Note 3) 385,596 646,747

General property and equipment, net (Note 4) 385,157 277,026

 Total assets $ 109,699,431 $ 110,194,647

Liabilities and Net Position

Liabilities (Note 5)

Intragovernmental:

 Accounts payable $ 96,413 $ 82,559

 Other (Note 5) 424,647 541,626

 Total intragovernmental 521,060 624,185

Accounts payable 6,979,796 7,394,258

Other (Note 5) 901,849 794,669

 Total liabilities 8,402,705 8,813,112

Net position:

Unexpended appropriations 101,289,856 101,098,058

Cumulative results of operations 6,870 283,477

 Total net position 101,296,726 101,381,535

 Total liabilities and net position $ 109,699,431 $ 110,194,647

See accompanying notes to financial statements.

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Balance Sheets

As of September 30, 2009 and 2008
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 27

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Statements of Net Cost

For the Years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

FY 2009 FY 2008

Cost of Operations:

Grants program costs $ 50,565,190 $ 53,386,624

Less earned revenue (78,900) (433,600)

 Net grant program cost 50,486,290 52,953,024

Costs not assigned to programs 485,696 410,337

 Net cost of operations (Notes 6 & 11) $ 50,971,986 $ 53,363,361

See accompanying notes to financial statements.
28 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Statements of Changes in Net Position

For the Years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

FY 2009 FY 2008

Cumulative results of operations:

Beginning balances $ 283,477 $ 14,917

Budgetary financing sources:

 Appropriations used 50,382,230 53,381,708

Other financing sources:

 Imputed financing 313,149 250,213

 Total financing sources 50,695,379 53,631,921

Net cost of operations (50,971,986) (53,363,361)

Net change (276,607) 268,560

Ending balances $ 6,870 $ 283,477

Unexpended appropriations:

Beginning balances $ 101,098,058 $ 109,796,445

Budgetary financing sources:

 Appropriations received 50,800,000 50,400,000

 Appropriations transferred in/out 2,778,000 —

 Other adjustments (rescissions, etc.) (3,003,972) (5,716,679)

 Appropriations used (50,382,230) (53,381,708)

 Total budgetary financing sources 191,798 (8,698,387)

 Total unexpended appropriations 101,289,856 101,098,058

 Net position $ 101,296,726 $ 101,381,535

See accompanying notes to financial statements.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 29

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Statements of Budgetary Resources

For the Years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

FY 2009 FY 2008

Budgetary resources:

Unobligated balance, brought forward, October 1 $ 7,429,651 $ 9,739,038

Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 3,031,220 11,569,605

Budget authority:

 Appropriations 50,800,000 50,400,000

Spending authority from offsetting collections:

 Collected 78,900 433,600

Change in unfilled customer orders

 Advance received (78,900) (433,600)

Nonexpenditure transfers 2,778,000 —

Permanently not available:

 Cancellation of expired accounts (3,003,972) (5,308,439)

 Enacted reductions — (408,240)

 Total budgetary resources $ 61,034,899 $ 65,991,964

Status of budgetary resources:

Obligations incurred:

 Direct (Note 7) $ 54,704,800 $ 58,562,314

Unobligated balance available:

 Apportioned (Note 8) 3,520,756 3,368,390

Unobligated balance not available 2,809,343 4,061,260

 Total status of budgetary resources $ 61,034,899 $ 65,991,964

Change in obligated balance:

Unpaid obligations, brought forward, October 1 $ 100,977,582 $ 103,953,159

Obligations incurred 54,704,800 58,562,314

Less: Gross outlays (50,549,289) (49,968,286)

Less: Recoveries of prior years’ obligations (3,031,220) (11,569,605)

Obligated balance, net – end of the period (Note 9) 102,101,873 100,977,582

Net Outlays:

 Gross outlays $ 50,549,289 $ 49,968,286

 Less: Offsetting collections — —

 Net outlays $ 50,549,289 $ 49,968,286

See accompanying notes to financial statements.
30 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Description of Reporting Entity

The U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA or the Agency) is an independent U.S. government 

agency administered under the authority of Section 661 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended 

(22 U.S.C. §2421).

USTDA advances economic development and U.S. commercial interests in developing and middle-income 

countries. The Agency funds various forms of technical assistance, feasibility studies, training, orientation 

visits, and business workshops that support the development of a modern infrastructure and a fair and open 

trading environment.

USTDA’s strategic use of foreign assistance funds to support sound investment policy and decision 

making in host countries creates an enabling environment for trade, investment, and sustainable economic 

development. Operating at the nexus of foreign policy and commerce, USTDA is uniquely positioned to 

work with U.S. firms and host countries in achieving the Agency’s trade and development goals. In carrying 

out its mission, USTDA gives emphasis to economic sectors that may benefit from U.S. exports of goods 

and services.

The organization was established on July 1, 1980 as the U.S. Trade and Development Program (TDP) by 

delegation of authority as a component of the International Development Cooperation Agency (IDCA). 

In 1988, under the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, the organization was a separate component 

agency of IDCA. On October 28, 1992, the Jobs Through Exports Act of 1992 established USTDA as an 

independent agency under the foreign policy guidance of the Secretary of State.

(b) Basis of Presentation

These financial statements have been prepared to report the financial position, net costs, changes in net 

position, and budgetary resources of USTDA, as required by its authorizing legislation (Public Law 102-549, 

Title II). These financial statements include all activity related to USTDA’s appropriation (No. 11-1001) and 

reimbursable interagency agreements, whereby USTDA receives transfers from other federal agencies for 

use in specific regions or sectors.

(c) Budgets and Budgetary Accounting

Congress annually adopts a budget appropriation that provides USTDA with authority to use funds from 

the U.S. Treasury to meet operating and program expense requirements. All revenue received from other 

sources, except for appropriations transferred from other federal agencies and transfers received under 

reimbursable interagency agreements, must be returned to the U.S. Treasury.

(d) Basis of Accounting

USTDA’s Balance Sheet, Statement of Net Cost, and Statement of Changes in Net Position are prepared using 

the accrual method of accounting. This method requires recognition of the financial effects of transactions, 

events, and circumstances in the period(s) when those transactions, events, and circumstances occur, 

regardless of when cash is received or paid. USTDA also uses budgetary accounting to facilitate compliance 

with legal constraints and to track its budget authority at the various stages of execution, including 

commitments, obligation, and eventual outlay. The Statement of Budgetary Resources is prepared using 

budgetary accounting methods.

The standards used in the preparation of the accompanying financial statements are issued by the Federal 

Accounting Standards Advisory Board, which represent accounting principles generally accepted in the 

United States of America for U.S government entities.

(e) Revenue and Other Financing Sources 

During FY 2008, USTDA received a two-year appropriation to be used for program and administrative 

expenses, which is available for obligation through September 30, 2009. These funds were issued in 

accordance with Section 611 of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs 

Appropriations Act, 2008 (“The Act”). The Act allows deobligated funds that were initially obligated prior 

to their expiration to remain available for reobligation for an additional 4 years from the date on which the 

availability of such funds would otherwise have expired. This reprogramming begins with de-obligations 

that occur after September 30, 2009.

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 31

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008

Funds transferred from the U.S. Agency for International Development for Support for East European 

Democracy Act (SEED), Economic Support Funds (ESF), and the Freedom Support Act (FSA) during 

FY 2002-2005, are available for reobligation in the manner described in the preceding paragraph. SEED, 

ESF, and FSA funds for FY 1999-2001 that were initially obligated prior to their expiration remain available 

for re-obligation until expended. Appropriations are recognized as a financing source at the time they are 

authorized and apportioned. Appropriations used to fund grant activities and administrative expenses are 

recognized as expenses and revenues as the resultant related expenses are incurred.

(f) Fund Balance with Treasury

USTDA does not maintain cash in commercial bank accounts. The U.S. Treasury processes cash receipts and 

disbursements. The balance of funds with Treasury primarily represents appropriated funds that are available 

to pay current liabilities and finance authorized purchase commitments relative to goods or services.

(g) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. USTDA capitalizes property and 

equipment with an acquisition cost greater than $5,000 and useful life exceeding one year. Depreciation is 

calculated using the straight-line method and is based on an estimated useful life of 10 years for all assets, 

except computer equipment and software, which is depreciated over 5 years. Leasehold improvements 

are amortized over the estimated period of occupancy or the life of the improvement, whichever is less. 

Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to operating expenses as incurred.

(h) Liabilities

Liabilities represent amounts owed by USTDA as the result of transactions or events that have occurred as 

of September 30, 2009. Liabilities covered by budgetary or other resources are those liabilities for which 

Congress has appropriated funds or funding is otherwise available to pay amounts owed. Liabilities not 

covered by budgetary or other resources represent amounts owed in excess of available, congressionally 

appropriated funds or other amounts. The liquidation of liabilities not covered by budgetary or other 

resources is dependent on future congressional appropriations or other funding. There is no certainty that 

Congress will appropriate funds to satisfy such liabilities.

USTDA has no capital leases. Regarding its building lease, the General Services Administration (GSA) 

entered into a lease agreement for USTDA’s rental of building space. USTDA pays GSA a standard-level 

users’ charge for the annual rental. The standard-level users’ charge approximates the commercial rental 

rates for similar properties. Average annual rent expense and related charges are approximately $1.5 million 

through 2012.

(i) Undelivered Orders

Undelivered orders represent the amount of orders for goods and services outstanding for which funds have 

been obligated, but the liabilities have not been accrued.

(j) Accrued Leave

Annual leave is accrued as a liability as it is earned. The liability is reduced as leave is taken. Each year, 

the balance in the accrued annual leave account is adjusted to reflect current year pay rates. To the extent 

that the current or prior year appropriations are not available to fund annual leave earned, but not taken, 

funding will be obtained from future appropriations. USTDA’s handling of annual leave earned, but not taken 

is compliant with established regulations. Sick leave and other types of nonvested leave are charged to 

expense as the leave is used.

(k) Cumulative Results of Operations

Cumulative results of operations represent the difference between net property and equipment and 

unfunded annual leave, plus the net difference between expenses and financing sources since the inception 

of an activity.
32 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008

(l) Retirement Plan

USTDA’s employees participate in either the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) or the Federal 

Employees’ Retirement System (FERS). Employees participating in CSRS contribute 7.0% of their gross 

pay to the plan, and USTDA contributes 8.51%. The cost of providing a CSRS benefit, which is 25.8% as 

computed by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), is more than the amounts contributed by USTDA 

and its employees. In accordance with Statement of Federal Financial Accounting Standard (SFFAS) No. 5, 

Accounting for Liabilities of the Federal Government, USTDA reports the full cost of providing pension benefits 

to include the cost financed by OPM.

On January 1, 1987, FERS went into effect pursuant to Public Law 99-335. Most employees hired after 

December 31, 1983 are automatically covered by FERS and the Social Security Act. Employees hired prior 

to January 1, 1984 could elect either to join FERS and the Social Security Act or remain in CSRS. A primary 

feature of FERS is that it offers a savings plan in which USTDA automatically contributes 1% of employees’ 

pay and matches any employee contribution up to an additional 4% of basic pay. For most employees 

hired since December 31, 1983, USTDA also contributes the employer’s matching share under the Social 

Security Act. For the FERS basic benefit, the employees contribute 0.8% of their basic pay while USTDA 

contributes 11.2% for a total contribution rate of 12%. The cost of providing a FERS benefit, as computed by 

OPM is 12.3%.

The total amount of imputed financing for retirement and other post-retirement benefits paid by OPM for 

FY 2009 is calculated at $313,149 which includes $82,134 for pension cost for CSRS and FERS; $230,240 for 

the Federal Employees Health Benefit Program (FEHP); and $775 for Federal Employees Group Life Insurance 

(FEGLI). These amounts are included in USTDA’s FY 2009 financial statements. In FY 2008, OPM funded 

$250,213 to pension, health, and life insurance benefits on behalf of USTDA’s employees.

The actuarial present value of accumulated benefits, assets available for benefits, and unfunded pension 

liability of CSRS and FERS is not allocated to individual departments and agencies and is therefore not 

disclosed by USTDA. The reporting of these amounts is the responsibility of OPM. USTDA has properly 

computed this amount and recorded a liability for it. USTDA paid approximately $445,670 and $404,438 

for retirement system coverage for its employees during FY 2009 and FY 2008, respectively.

(m) Use of Estimates

Management has made certain estimates and assumptions when reporting in these financial statements 

on assets and liabilities. They are also used in expenses and note disclosures. Actual results could differ 

from these estimates. Significant estimates underlying the accompanying financial statements include the 

allowance for doubtful accounts which is 50 % of balances that are 181-365 days old, the depreciation of 

property over 5-10 years using the straight line method, one half year’s depreciation in the year of purchase, 

with no residual value, and the accounts payable accrual. USTDA uses the average of actual receivables 

to undelivered orders over three years and applies the resulting percentage to calculate the current year’s 

estimate of accounts payable.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 33

(2) Fund Balance with Treasury

Fund balance with Treasury represents USTDA’s undisbursed budgetary authority and funds to be returned to 

Treasury at September 30, 2009 and 2008, as follows:

2009 2008

Fund balances:

Appropriated funds $ 108,431,972 $ 108,328,332

Miscellaneous Receipts 424,647 456,704

Interest received — 1,505

Other fund types (reimbursable) — 78,900

 Total $ 108,856,619 $ 108,865,441

Status of fund balance with Treasury:

Unobligated balance:

Available $ 3,520,756 $ 3,368,390

Unavailable 2,809,343 4,061,260

Obligated balance not yet disbursed 102,101,873 100,977,582

Non-budgetary 424,647 458,209

 Total $ 108,856,619 $ 108,865,441

Unobligated fund balances are either available or not available. Amounts are reported as not available when they 

are no longer legally available to USTDA for obligation. However, balances that are currently reported as not 

available can change over time, because they may be used to increase the amount of the initial obligation to cover 

additional expenditures that relate to these obligations.

(3) Receivables and Other Assets

Receivables and other assets at September 30, 2009 and 2008 consisted of the following components:

2009 2008

Interest receivable $ — $ 4,517

Accounts receivable, net 72,059 400,916

Advances and prepayments 385,596 646,747

 Total other assets $ 457,655 $ 1,052,180

The accounts receivable reported represents the net amount due as a result of the close-out of one grant in 

FY 2008. The estimated uncollectable amount is 50% of the balance. 

Advances to contractors represent amounts provided to Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) for costs 

related to various project planning activities funded by USTDA. For accounting purposes, these funds were 

recorded as advances to contractors, and remain with the MDBs until the work is completed and bills are 

submitted and paid. Advances to the MDBs are liquidated on a first-in, first-out basis. USTDA has discontinued 

the issuance of advances to MDBs

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008
34 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008

(4) Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation balances at September 30, 2009, and 2008 are 

as follows:

2009

Class of Asset Service Life

Acquisition

value

Accumulated 

depreciation/ 

amortization

Net 

book value

Computer Equipment 5 years $ 397,107 149,339 $ 247,768

Furniture and Fixtures 10 years 178,769 140,251 38,518

Computer Software 5 years 11,721 11,721 —

Other Equipment 10 years 234,256 141,715 92,541

Leasehold Improvement 8 years 20,255 13,925 6,330

Total property and equipment $ 842,108 456,951 $ 385,157

2008

Class of Asset Service Life

Acquisition

value

Accumulated 

depreciation/ 

amortization

Net 

book value

Computer Equipment 5 years $ 293,930 185,126 $ 108,804

Furniture and Fixtures 10 years 180,035 130,757 49,278

Computer Software 5 years 11,721 10,549 1,172

Other Equipment 10 years 228,428 119,517 108,911

Leasehold Improvement 8 years 20,255 11,394 8,861

Total property and equipment $ 734,369 457,343 $ 277,026

Depreciation expense for fiscal years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 amounted to $98,426 and $85,352, 

respectively.

During FY 2009 and 2008, USTDA purchased property and equipment for $226,213 and $37,254, respectively. In 

addition, during FY 2009, USTDA disposed of property that cost $118,474, with related accumulated depreciation 

amounting to $98,818.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 35

(5) Liabilities

Total liabilities represent the sum of liabilities not covered by budgetary resources, and those covered by 

budgetary resources. As of September 30, 2009 and 2008, total liabilities were as follows:

2009 2008

Intragovernmental Liabilities:

Liabilities not covered by budgetary resources:

 Miscellaneous receipts to be returned to Treasury $ 424,647 $ 456,704

 Interest to be returned to Treasury — 6,022

Liabilities covered by budgetary resources:

 Deferred revenue — 78,900

 Accounts payable 96,413 82,559

 Total intragovernmental liabilities $ 521,060 $ 624,185

Other Liabilities:

Liabilities not covered by budgetary resources:

 Accrued annual leave $ 450,346 $ 394,406

Liabilities covered by budgetary resources:

 Accounts payable 6,979,796 7,394,258

 Accrued payroll 451,503 400,263

 Total other liabilities $ 7,881,645 $ 8,188,927

 Total Liabilities $ 8,402,705 $ 8,813,112

All liabilities other than unfunded accrued leave are considered to be current liabilities.

(6) Intragovernmental Costs and Exchange Revenue

Program costs for fiscal years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 consisted of the following:

Grants Program 2009 2008

Intragovernmental costs $ 3,077,059 $ 2,939,944

Public costs 47,973,827 50,857,017

Total grant program costs 51,050,886 53,796,961

Intragovernmental earned revenue (78,900) (433,600)

Net grant program costs $ 50,971,986 $ 53,363,361

Costs incurred by USTDA in FY 2009 and FY 2008, that do not require resources, were not assigned to the 

grants program.

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008
36 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008

(7) Apportionment Categories of Obligations Incurred

During fiscal years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, funds were obligated in the following categories:

Obligations 2009 2008

Category A $ 11,752,928 $ 11,992,555

Category B 42,951,872 46,569,759

 Total obligations incurred $ 54,704,800 $ 58,562,314

Category A represents funds that are obligated for operating expenses.

Category B represents funds that are obligated for program activities.

(8) Unobligated Balances Available — Apportioned

Total available unobligated balance of budget authority at September 30, 2009 and 2008 consisted of the 

following.

2009 2008

Unrestricted no-year funds $ 325,959 $ 325,959

Funds transferred from USAID for feasibility studies and 

related activities in the New Independent States (NIS), and 

Support for Eastern European Democracy (SEED). 

Successor appropriations. 325,170 349,644

Funds transferred from USAID for feasibility studies and 

related activities in the New Independent States 

(FSA no-year funds) 704,893 782,721

 Total no-year funds $ 1,356,022 $ 1,458,324

Funds transferred from USAID for feasibility studies 

and related activities in tne NIS (FSA funds): 

Successor appropriations 127,402 595,843

Core budget two-year appropriations 2,037,332 1,314,223

 Total unobligated and available appropriations $ 3,520,756 $ 3,368,390

All funds transferred from USAID were appropriation transfers. USTDA did not receive allocations during FY 2009.

(9) Undelivered Orders

At September 30, 2009 and 2008, undelivered orders balances consisted of the following:

Purpose 2009 2008

Obligated balance at the end of the period $ 102,101,873 $ 100,977,582

Accounts payable (covered by budgetary resources)* (7,527,710) (7,877,080)

 Undelivered orders $ 94,574,163 $ 93,100,502

*Accounts payable in this note excludes liabilities not covered by budgetary resources.
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 37

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2009 and 2008

(10) Permanent Indefinite Appropriations

No-year funds at September 30, 2009 and 2008 existed for the following purposes:

Purpose 2009 2008

General program activities $ 325,959 $ 325,959

Freedom Support Act (FSA) transfer funds for feasibility 

studies and activities in the NIS 704,893 782,721

Support for feasibility studies and activities (NIS and SEED) 325,170 349,644

 Total permanent indefinite appropriations $ 1,356,022 $ 1,458,324

(11) Reconciliation of Net Cost to Budget

The following schedule reconciles resources available to USTDA to finance operations and the net cost of 

operating for fiscal years ended September 30, 2009 and 2008:

2009 2008

Resources used to finance activities:

Budgetary resources obligated $ 54,704,800 $ 58,562,314

Recoveries of prior years obligations (3,031,220) (11,569,605)

Imputed financing for costs absorbed by others 313,149 250,213

Other 256,797 (391,488)

 Total resources used to finance activities $ 52,243,526 $ 46,851,434

Resources used to finance items not part of the 

net cost of operations:

 Change in budgetary resources obligated for 

goods and services ordered, but not received $ (1,212,511) $ 6,822,657

 Change in offsetting collections and receipts 

that do not affect the net cost of operations (78,900) (433,600)

 Resources that finance the acquisition of assets (226,213) (37,254)

Adjustment for loss not realized 1,477

Loss on disposition of assets 18,181 4,733

 Total resources used to finance items 

not part of the net cost of operations $ (1,497,966) $ 6,356,536

Costs that do not require resources:

Depreciation and amortization $ 98,426 $ 85,352

Bad debt expenses 72,060

Costs that require resources in a future period:

Increase in accrued leave liability 55,940 70,039

 Total costs that do not require resources $ 226,426 $ 155,391

 Net cost of operations $ 50,971,986 $ 53,363,361
38 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Intragovernmental Assets

Trading Partner Partner # Fund Balance 

with Treasury

Department of the Treasury 20 $ 108,856,619

Total $ 108,856,619

Intragovernmental Liabilities

Trading Partner Partner # 

Accounts 

Payable 

Funds to be 

Returned to 

Treasury

Office of Personnel Management 24 $ 900 $ —

Department of State 19 64,251 —

Department of the Treasury 20 — 424,647

National Archives 88 1,012 —

Department of the Interior 14 30,250 —

Total $ 96,413 $ 424,647

Intragovernmental Revenue 

Trading Partner Partner # Amount

Department of Defense 21 $ 78,900

Total $  78,900

Intragovernmental Expenses 

Trading Partner Partner # Amount

Department of Defense 21 $ 2,340

Department of the Interior (NBC) 14 1,336,279

Department of State 19 300,096

U.S. Foreign Commercial Services 13 650

General Services Administration 47 1,405,041

Department of Homeland Security 70 21,168

Office of Personnel Management 24 990

National Archives 88 500

U.S. Postal Service 18 9,995

Total $ 3,077,059

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

Other Accompanying Information

Intragovernmental Assets, Liabilities, Revenue and Expenses

September 30, 2009 and 2008
A n n ua l R e p o r t 2 0 0 9 39

Independent Auditors’ Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Director

U.S. Trade and Development Agency:

We have audited the balance sheets of the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) as of September 30, 2009 

and 2008 and the related statements of net cost, changes in net position, and statements of budgetary resources 

(hereinafter referred to as “financial statements”) for the years then ended, and have issued our report thereon 

dated November 12, 2009.

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America; the 

standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General 

of the United States; and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Bulletin No. 07-04, Audit Requirements for Federal 

Financial Statements, as amended. Those standards and OMB Bulletin No. 07-04 require that we plan and perform 

the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.

The management of the USTDA is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control. In planning 

and performing our fiscal year 2009 audit, we considered the USTDA’s internal control over financial reporting by 

obtaining an understanding of the USTDA’s internal control, determining whether internal controls had been placed 

in operation, assessing control risk, and performing tests of controls as a basis for designing our auditing procedures 

for the purpose of expressing our opinion on the financial statements. To achieve this purpose, we did not test all 

internal controls relevant to operating objectives as broadly defined by the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act 

of 1982. The objective of our audit was not to express an opinion on the effectiveness of the USTDA’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion on the effectiveness of the USTDA’s internal 

control over financial reporting.

Our consideration of internal control over financial reporting was for the limited purpose described in the preceding 

paragraph and was not designed to identify all deficiencies in the internal control over financial reporting that might 

be deficiencies, significant deficiencies, or material weaknesses. 

A deficiency in internal control exists when the design or operation of a control does not allow management or 

employees, in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent, or detect and correct misstatements on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control 

that is less severe than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention by those charged with governance. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control, such that there is 

a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will not be prevented, or 

detected and corrected on a timely basis.

In our fiscal year 2009 audit, we did not identify any deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting that we 

consider to be material weaknesses, as defined above. 

This report is intended solely for the information and use of the USTDA’s management, the USTDA’s Office of 

Inspector General, OMB, the U.S. Government Accountability Office, and the U.S. Congress and is not intended to 

be and should not be used by anyone other than these specified parties.

November 12, 2009

KMPG LLP

2001 M Street, NW

Washington, DC 20036
40 U . S . T r a d e a n d D e v e lo pm e n t A g e n c y 

Independent Auditors’ Report on Compliance and Other Matters

The Director

U.S. Trade and Development Agency:

We have audited the balance sheets of the U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) as of September 30, 2009 

and 2008, and the related statements of net cost, changes in net position, and statements of budgetary resources 

(hereinafter referred to as “financial statements”) for the years then ended, and have issued our report thereon 

dated November 12, 2009.

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America; the 

standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General 

of the United States; and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Bulletin No. 07-04, Audit Requirements for Federal 

Financial Statements, as amended. Those standards and OMB Bulletin No. 07-04 require that we plan and perform 

the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.

The management of the USTDA is responsible for complying with laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements 

applicable to the USTDA. As part of obtaining reasonable assurance about whether the USTDA’s financial statements 

are free of material misstatement, we performed tests of the USTDA’s compliance with certain provisions of laws, 

regulations, contracts, and grant agreements, noncompliance with which could have a direct and material effect on 

the determination of the financial statement amounts, and certain provisions of other laws and regulations specified in OMB Bulletin No. 07-04. We limited our tests of compliance to the provisions described in the preceding 

sentence, and we did not test compliance with all laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements applicable to 

the USTDA. However, providing an opinion on compliance with those provisions was not an objective of our audit, 

and accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

The results of our tests of compliance described in the preceding paragraph disclosed no instances of noncompliance or other matters that are required to be reported herein under Government Auditing Standards or OMB Bulletin 

No. 07-04.

This report is intended solely for the information and use of the USTDA’s management, the USTDA’s Office of 

Inspector General, OMB, the U.S. Government Accountability Office, and the U.S. Congress and is not intended to 

be and should not be used by anyone other than these specified parties.

November 12, 2009

KMPG LLP

2001 M Street, NW

Washington, DC 20036

USTDA Annual Report 2009

Design: Studio B

staff photos: Robert A. McComas Photography

Printing: Harris LithoGraphics

Printed on recycled paper.

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1600 • Arlington, Virginia 22209-3901

Phone: (703) 875-4357 • Fax: (703) 875-4009 • Website: www.ustda.gov • E-mail: info@ustda.gov