## COMBINATION ZPACEIWATE R HEATING APPLIANCES

George E. Kelly Building Environment Div. MIST '':''"", '



## COMBINATION .SPACEIWATER HEATING APPLIANCES

George E. 

### Kelly Building Environment Div. NIST

### PERFORMANCE TESTING OF COMBINATION SPACE I WATER HEATING APPLIANCES



### **
** Current Industry Standard - ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 124-1991 Types of appliances covered by the Standard: TYPE I - Primary function: space heating. Secondary function: water heating Space heating boiler with tankless water heater (heating coil) 

### * Space heating boiler with indirect* heated hot water storage tank TYPE II - Primary function: water heating. Secondary.function: space heating * Water heater combined with air handling unit (AHU) 

### * Water heater combined with hydronic system (baseboard convector) ff '. ( 

### PERFORMANCE TESTING OF COMBINATION SPACE I WATER HEATING APPLIANCES 

### ** Current Industry Standard - ANSIIASHRAE Standard 124-1991 

### ** Types of appliances covered by 

### the**Stand~rd:** 

### TYPE I - Primary function: space heating. Secondary function: water heating 

### * Space heating boiler with tankless water heater (heating coif)
}'. 

### * Space heating boiler with indirect heated hot water storage tank 

### TYPE 11- Primary function: 

### water**h~ating.** 

### Secondary.function: space 

### heating 

### * Water heater combined with air handling unit (AHU) *

### Water heater combined with hydronic system (baseboard convector)

### TYPE 1 • Boiler with Tankless Coil '1 '

DonIes8Ic hal .. 

# ',..t+-----

OeM ..**,~H_---_**



### TYPE I • Boiler with Tankless Coil

### TYPE I - Boiler with Indirect Fired Storage Tank fli "

Boiler torage tank 0.


### TYPE I • Boiler with 'Indirect Fired Storage Tank

### TYPE 11 -Water. Heater with Air Handling Unit 'f '.

, , '.
cou...." ..... ,



### TYPE II - Water. 

### Heater with Air Handling· Unit

### TEST PROCEDURES SPECIFIED IN ANSI/A E 1 24-1991

Tests Required : Two separate. tests are specified in the Standard. Test 1. Space heating test in accordance to ASHRAE Standard 103: * Steady state test: Steady-state efficiency (Effss) * Cool-down and heat-up test : Heating seasonal efficiency (Eff,,s) Test 2. Water heating, test in accordance with DOE test procedure for TYPE II, or similar test for TYPE I appliance specified in.AS RAE 124: * 24-Hour simulated use test: Energy Factor (EF) TEST PROCEDURES SPECIFIED IN ANSI/ASHRAE 124·1991 Tests Required: Two separate tests are specified in the Standard. Test 1. Space heating test in accordance to ASHRAE Standard 103: * Steady state test: Steady-state efficiency (Eff ss) 

### * Coot·down and heat-up test: Heating seasonal efficiency 

### (Eff HS) Test 2. Water heating'test in accordance with DOE test procedure for TYPE

. 

### . II, or similar test for TYPE I appliance specified in ASHRAE 124: 

### . * 24-Hour simulated use test: Energy Factor (EF)

### ENERGY PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS



### Space heating season (space and water heating): Space heating at heating seasonal efficiency (Eff 8). (With off-cycle loss) Water heating at steady-state efficiency (Effss). (No standby loss) 

### * Nonheating season (Water heating ): By energy factor (EF). (Standby loss)**,~** (, 'f " ( 

### ENERGY PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS
* 

### Space heating season (space and water heating): Space heating at heating seasonal eficiency (Eff HS). 

### (With off-cycle loss) Water heating at steady-state efficiency (Eff ss). 

### (No standby loss) 

### *. Nonheating season (Water heating): By energy factor (EF). (Standby loss)

### PERFORMANCE RATINGS SPECIFIED IN ANS I S E 124-1991

Energy Performance Rating Parameters: Combined Heating Season Efficiency - CEHs Nonheating Season Efficiency - CENS Combined Annual Efficiency CAE Rating parameters are calculated by combining Effss, EffHS , and EF through weighting factors based on the fractions of the space heating load and water heating load to the total seasonal and total annual space-water heating loads and the length of the nonheating season to the length of the heating season. .' , PERFORMANCE RATINGS SPECIFIED IN ANSI/ASHRAE 124 ..1991 Energy Performance Rating Parameters: Combined Heating 

### Season Efficiency - CEtiS 

### Nonheating Season Efficiency - CE NS Combined 

### Annual Efficiency - CAE Rating parameters are calculated by combining Eff ss• 

### Eff HS' and EF through weighting factors based on the fractions of the space 

### heating load and water heating load to the total seasonat and total annual space-water heating loads 

### and the length of 

### the nonheating season to "the length of the 

### heating season.

### TESTING OF COMBINATION APPLIANCES AT NI ST



### Comparison Tests: NIST conducted separate space heating and water heating tests and combined space and water heating cyclic tests. Results of combined cyclic spacing and water heating tests were compared with the results obtained using ANSI/ASHRAE 124. TYPE I - Oil-fired boiler with 'tankless heater 

### Cyclic space heating: On 9.68 min . Off 33. 26 min. Water heating: 18-hour standby, 6 hourly draw of 20 gal. each time TYPE II - Gas-fired water heater with air handling unit (AHU)

Water heating: 6 hourly draw of 10 .7.gal. each time, 18
-hour stanby Cyclic space heating: At several typical ratios of on
-time to total on-off time, '1" ( TESTING OF COMBINATION APPLIANCES AT NIST

, 'Comparison 

### Tests: NIST conducted separate space heating and water heating tests and combined space and water heating cyclic tests. Resufts of combined cyclic spacing and water heating tests were compared with 

### the results obtained using 

### ANSIIASHRAE 124. TYPE I - Oil-fired boiler with tankless heater Cyclic space heating: 

### On 9.68 min. 

### Off 33.26 min.

,Water heating: 18-hourstandby, 6 hourly draw of

### 20 gal each time 

### TYPE 

### tl .. Gas-fired water heater 

### with air handling unit 

### (AHU) Water heating: 

### 6 hourly draw of 10.7,gal. each time, 18-hourstanby Cyclic space heating: 

### At several typical ratios of on-time to total

on-off time .

### COMPARISON OF RESULT - COMBINED HEATING SEASON EFFICIENCY COMBINED CYCLIC SPACE I WATER HEATING TESTS versus ASHRAE 124 CALCULATION PROCEDURE TYPE Primary Secondary Heating Season Efficienc y - % Function Function Combined Test 124 Calculation ----------------- --------- ---------- --------------------------------- _..----- _----- ---------- I Space Htg. Water Htg. 79.4 79. 2 

### 11 Water Htg. Space Htg. 77.1 76.8 

### Individual performance test results used in ASHRAE 124 calculation: TYPE I: Effss = 83.3% EffHS = 78.8% EF = 0.455 CAE = 76.0% TYPE 11: EffSS = 81.4% Eff , s = 76.0% EF = 0.542 CAE = 73.8% COMPARISON OF RESULT - COMBINED HEATING SEASON EFFICIENCY 

### COMBINED CYCLIC -SPACE I WATER HEATING TESTS versus ASHRAE 124 CALCULATION PROCEDURE 

### TYPE- . Primary Function Secondary Heating Season Efficiency ... 0/ 0 Function Combined Test 124 Calculation**-~-----~--~--~-~-~-------~~----------~-----------~----------------------------------~-------** 

### II Space Htg. Water Htg. 

### Water Htg. Space Htg. 

### 79.4 77.1 79.2 76.8 Individual performance test results used in ASHRAE 124 calculation: TYPE I: Effss 

# = 83.3% TYPE -II: Effss 

# = 81.4% Eff HS 

### = 78.8% Eff HS 

### = 76.0% EF 

### = 0.455 

### EF = 

### 0.542 CAE 

# = 76.0% CAE 

# = 73.8%

### TESTING OF COMBINATION APPLIANCES AT NIST AND ETL

Family Series Performance Tests - TYPE I Appliances: Conducted tests as specified in ANSI/ASHRAE 124 to evaluate the performance of a family series of TYPE I combination appliance. TYPE I - Gas-fired boilers with identical external water storage tank TYPE I - Oil-fired boilers with same size tankless heater (tested at ETL) Separate tests of: Space heating: Steady state, cool-down, heat-up tests per ASHRAE 103 Water heating: 6 hourly draw of 10.7 gal. each time, 18 hours standby 'f '. ( TESTING OF COMBINATION APPLIANCES AT NIST AND ETl 

### Family- Series Performance Tests .. 

### TYPE I Appliances: *

* 

### Conducted tests as specified in ANSUASHRAE 124 to evaluate the performance of a 

### family series of TYPE I 

### combination appliance. TYPE I .. Gas-fired boilers with identical external water storage tank TYPE I - Oil-fired boners with same size tankless heater (tested at ElL) 

### Separate tests of: Space heating: Steady state, cool-down, heat-up tests perASHRAE 103 Water heating: 6 hourly draw of 10.7 gal. each time, 18 hours standby

### TEST RESULTS
- PERFORMANCE OF FAMILY SERIES OF APPLIANCES

1. Gas
-fired boilers with identical external hot water storage tank: Boiler Input : 75000, 112500 , 150000 Btu/h (22, 33, 44 kW) 

### Storage Tank Capacity: 40 Gallons Oil-fired boilers with same size tankless coil (tested at ETL): Boiler Input: 107400, 1414001. 179600 Btu/h Test Results of Effss, EffHS(AFUE), EF, and CAE (by ASHRAE 124) shown on graphs 4. Results indicated that linear interpolation of the rating parameters within a family series of combination appliances is possible to reduce the test burden on manufacturers. TEST RESULTS • PERFORMANCE OF 

### FAMILY SERIES OF APPLIANCES
1. Gas...fired boilers with identical external hot water storage tank: Boiler Input: 75000, 112500, 150000 Btuth (22, 33, 44 kW) Storage Tank Capacity: 40 Gallons 2. Oil-fired boilers with same size tankless coil (tested at ETL):



## . Boiler Input: 107400, 141400,. 179600 Btuth 3. Test Results of Effss, 

### EffHS(AFUE), EF, and CAE (by ASH RAE 124) shown on graphs 

### 4. Results indicated that linear interpolation of the rating parameters within a family series of combination appliances is possible to reduce the test burden on manufacturers.0.! 0.0 0.7 Q;6 0.s 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Type

IS ntegrated. Combination, Appliance

Cr.CAE.rrri.. iFhs w 410 - GAS B0I&E
EI:P, es 46 e^s.ha CAS

RIP
o • Steady-State Efficiency. 6FF.as a • Heating seasonal Efficiency, BPF,ha t . Combined Annual Efficiency, CAt 0 • Energy Factor, EP
25 45 35 RAIEO INPUT - MW bogy factor , steady - state efficiency , heating seasonal efficiency and combined annual efficiency (CAE).aa a function of rated Input of a family sorter of boilers with identical storage tank ff '. •• O.t 0.1 

### • 

## S 0.7 

### • ,;6 c 0 : 0.5 If


### ...**~** 0... u ..= O.l tot 0.2 0.1

0 Type I Integrated. Combination' Appliance rr.CAE.ur ••.rrna. VI CNM ... GAS 10M.l'1t

0 

### • .. 1".81 • 

## : t fUF.... CAl

0- a G I' umttD: o • St•• dy-State Ifflelency. IFF,'. a •**H~.tln'** Se•• onat Ifrtelency, gFF.h. t • Cotllbl..ed Annu,l Efficiency, CAl D • EnerIY Factor, I' 15 25 3S 45 &AltO INPUT .. tlW £ReflY facte" .Ceady-atate .fflciency, heatlna ••••anal .lllelency and c........ ennual efflalency (CAE) .•, • function of rated ' ..put .f a , ..11, ae,I••• , boiler. with IdeRt.eal ICDr... tankType S Comb.App.--Boiler w/Tankless Coil EF,CAE . EFFss & AFUE vs 001 - OIL BOILER

W 0.3 0.2-1 0.1 - --" T 50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 (Thousonds) RATED INPUT - 8TU/H 13 EF + CAE 0 EFFss A AFUE fil '.

0.9 0.8

.... 0.7 :J l&- e( 

### .. 0.6 0 It**~** t. 0.5 \0. w aJ 0.4 e( 0 a.: 0.3 .... 0.2 0.1

0 d :d r '1J

...... <Jl Type' Comb.App.-Boiler w/Tanktess: Coil

50 70 C EF EF,CAE.Ef·Fss It ArUE vs OIN - OIL BOilER**~======~8~======~!** I

2,:, O--·------i:O:.-_____ --,1l

90 .10 130 (Thousonds) RATED INPUT - 8TU/M + CAE 0 [Frss 150 170 A ArUE .' .

190