U.S. Trade and Development Agency

2013 ANNUAL REPORT
MISSION

The U.S. Trade and Development Agency helps companies create U.S. jobs through the export of U.S. goods 

and services for priority development projects in emerging economies. USTDA links U.S. businesses to 

export opportunities by funding project planning activities, pilot projects, and reverse trade missions while 

creating sustainable infrastructure and economic growth in partner countries.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Message from the Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2013: Lighting the Way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Making Global Local: Building Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Evaluations: Unlocking Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

USTDA Programs: Finding the Right Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Energy: Powering Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Transportation: Facilitating Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Telecommunications: Connecting People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Client Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Summary of FY 2013 Program Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

FY 2013 Program Activities Listed by Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Financial Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

ABOUT THE USTDA 2013 ANNUAL REPORT PHOTOGRAPHY

Most of the photographs featured in this annual report were taken by USTDA staff members.
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 1

In Fiscal Year 2013, the U.S. Trade and Development Agency built upon its 

impressive history of linking U.S. businesses to export opportunities in developing and 

middle‐income countries. By engaging U.S. industry in infrastructure development 

projects, USTDA helps build mutually beneficial partnerships between the U.S. 

private sector and overseas project sponsors at a critical point in project planning. 

The Agency supports U.S. jobs through exports by providing important early project 

planning assistance to high-growth emerging markets, helping them to develop 

the infrastructure needed for trade.

The Agency targets its funding in areas of the greatest opportunity, thereby 

positioning U.S. companies to achieve results. The success of its U.S. private 

sector clients is reflected in the growth of the Agency’s export multiplier: For the 

fifth year in a row, USTDA’s export multiplier has increased – for every dollar the 

Agency programmed over the last decade, an unprecedented $73 in U.S. exports were generated. Further, 

the nearly $3 billion in new exports identified this year bring USTDA’s total exports generated to date to 

nearly $36 billion.

The Agency’s success results, in part, from its rigorous, evidence-based decision-making processes. USTDA 

continuously evaluates its program tools to determine their overall effectiveness. The Agency prioritizes funding 

for activities in markets and sectors that have strong opportunities for U.S. exports, where U.S. industry 

expertise can meet the development needs of its partner countries. As a result of this data-driven approach, 

USTDA continued to focus its FY 2013 programming in three key infrastructure sectors: energy, transportation 

and telecommunications. The majority of the Agency’s activities this past year focused on eighteen priority 

countries, which together were forecast to grow at nearly twice the rate of world GDP growth in 2013. 

This focus led USTDA to engage in a number of activities over the course of the past year. The Agency 

was asked to join President Obama in Tanzania for the launch of the Power Africa initiative, which will 

mobilize $16 billion in public and private capital for sub-Saharan Africa’s critical power infrastructure needs. 

USTDA also launched its Global Procurement Initiative: Understanding Best Value, which will level the playing 

field for U.S. companies competing on contract opportunities in emerging economies by educating public 

procurement officials in those markets about the benefits of integrating best-value determinations and lifecycle cost analyses into their procurement policies. The Agency also celebrated the tenth anniversary of 

one of its most successful programs, the U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation Program, at its biannual Aviation 

Symposium in Beijing. 

USTDA’s dedicated staff is proud of its contributions to the growth of U.S. exports and to economic development 

in emerging markets. This report highlights just a few of the ways in which the Agency played an important 

role in facilitating increased U.S. exports while fostering economic growth in our partner countries.

Leocadia I. Zak

Director, U.S. Trade and Development Agency

MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR

USTDA Director Leocadia I. Zak
2 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

2013: 

LIGHTING THE WAY
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 3

The Agency continues to prioritize its funding for 

activities with a strong probability of success, 

which allows U.S. companies to build relationships 

and make sales to new markets while developing 

and middle-income countries achieve their 

economic development goals. As a result of this 

targeted approach, in FY 2013 alone, the Agency 

identified $2.95 billion of new exports generated 

from USTDA-funded activities, which has helped 

support approximately 14,000 jobs in the United 

States. The activities described below demonstrate 

the benefits of USTDA’s unique brand of economic 

and commercial cooperation.

Mobilizing Capital to Power Africa 

In June, USTDA Director Zak joined President 

Obama in sub-Saharan Africa for the launch of the 

Administration’s signature Power Africa initiative. 

President Obama visited Tanzania’s Ubungo 

Symbion Power Plant, where he announced the 

goal of increasing electricity access by at least 

20 million households and businesses, as well as 

enhancing energy resource management capabilities 

– providing a roadmap for USTDA’s future programs. 

To highlight its commitment to this initiative, USTDA 

co-hosted a roundtable in South Africa with African 

private sector firms and financial institutions to 

discuss how Agency programs can help mobilize 

capital for energy development to meet the goals 

of Power Africa. 

Consistent with the Power Africa objectives, USTDA, 

the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) 

and the Department of State developed the U.S.Africa Clean Energy Finance Initiative (US-ACEF), 

an innovative financing mechanism that aligns 

U.S. government resources to catalyze significant 

private sector investment in Africa’s clean energy 

infrastructure. Under the four-year program, USTDA 

will leverage its project planning expertise to support 

activities both eligible for and currently in OPIC’s 

pipeline for private-sector investment transactions. 

The program will help ensure that technically and 

financially sound projects reach implementation, 

rather than falling short because they lack funding 

for critical “last mile” activities.

Building on this initiative is the U.S.-Africa Clean 

Energy Development and Finance Center, which was 

developed by USTDA, OPIC and the Export-Import 

Bank of the United States (Ex-Im). The Center 

provides U.S. private sector and sub-Saharan African 

developers with a centralized means to identify and 

access U.S. government support for their clean 

energy export and investment needs. Housed in 

the U.S. Consulate in Johannesburg, the Center is 

coordinating its resources with those of the U.S. 

private sector, multilateral and local development 

banks, and private banks and equity firms.

Strengthening Public-Private Partnerships 

CHINA: USTDA believes in the crucial importance 

of leveraging industry innovations and government 

resources for win-win results. In China, this 

philosophy led USTDA to support the creation of 

four public-private partnerships in aviation, energy, 

health and agriculture over the past ten years. The 

first of these, the U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation 

(ACP), has grown to include over 40 U.S. industry 

members and five public sector partners since it was 

USTDA expanded opportunities for U.S. businesses to export their goods 

and services to emerging markets – in support of jobs here at home – by 

forging strategic relationships between the private and public sectors in 

the United States and its partner countries. 
4 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

The Agency continues to prioritize its funding for activities with a 

strong probability of success, which allows U.S. companies to build 

relationships and make sales to new markets while developing and 

middle-income countries achieve their economic development goals.
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 5

commitments to advance bilateral cooperation, 

including support for advanced air navigation 

systems as well as training to strengthen India’s 

aviation regulatory and safety capacities. 

During the Strategic Dialogue, Director Zak and U.S. 

Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz also participated in 

key meetings focused on the two countries’ strategic 

energy sector cooperation, where they discussed 

programs that provide Indian partners with leading 

U.S. expertise to advance their infrastructure plans. 

One such program is a common Smart Grid Test 

Bed grant that USTDA provided to India’s Central 

Power Research Institute to help promote full-scale 

deployment of smart grid technologies across India’s 

power sector. 

BRAZIL: Since the U.S.-Brazil Aviation Partnership 

was launched in April 2012, USTDA has led the 

efforts of its partners [the U.S. Department of State, 

Federal Aviation Administration, Transportation 

Security Administration and Brazil’s Ministry of 

External Relations, Secretariat of Civil Aviation and 

National Civil Aviation Agency] to enhance bilateral 

cooperation in areas such as airport expansion, 

airspace management, and aviation safety and 

security. In FY 2013, the Agency hosted three 

successful workshops focused on airport certification, 

environmental standards, airport service quality and 

light aircraft. Nearly 400 aviation stakeholders from 

the U.S. and Brazil attended these events. Additionally, 

USTDA funded a program to develop a roadmap and 

implementation plan to increase capacity at 16 major 

airports in Brazil. These programs are connecting 

U.S. companies to the growing business opportunities 

in Brazil, where significant investments are being 

made to accommodate the substantial increase in 

air traffic expected for the upcoming World Cup and 

Olympic Games.

founded. U.S. companies attribute nearly $5.4 billion 

in sales to the ACP’s USTDA-funded activities. In 

2013, USTDA hosted the sixth biannual U.S.-China 

Aviation Symposium in Beijing. Attracting over 350 

participants from the United States and China, the 

conference provided 80 U.S. companies access to 

China’s top aviation decision-makers. This event 

supported the ACP’s efforts to expand U.S. exports to 

China’s rapidly growing aviation sector by highlighting 

U.S. expertise and addressing constraints in the 

Chinese market. 

Building upon the success of these public-private 

partnerships, U.S. industry established the U.S. 

Agriculture Food Partnership in 2013 to focus 

on the largest source of U.S. exports to China. 

The Partnership will provide a platform to better 

promote U.S. agricultural interests by introducing 

U.S. best practices to help China develop a safer, 

more sustainable agricultural supply chain. This 

Partnership meets U.S. agribusiness’ growing need 

for broader advocacy while emphasizing positive 

cooperation between the U.S. and Chinese agricultural 

sectors. USTDA looks forward to supporting activities 

under the Partnership as opportunities arise. 

INDIA: The key drivers of USTDA’s program in 

India remain the U.S.-India Aviation and Energy 

Cooperation Programs, which represent the longterm commitment of both countries to advancing 

India’s development priorities while positioning U.S. 

firms to help implement India’s critical aviation and 

energy infrastructure projects. USTDA highlighted 

the breadth and tangible outcomes of these efforts 

during the Strategic Dialogue held in New Delhi in 

June 2013. Director Zak, who participated in this 

annual dialogue led by Secretary of State John Kerry, 

helped strengthen the U.S. economic and trade 

relationship with India by announcing new USTDA 
6 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 7

assessment, such as life-cycle cost analyses, will lead 

to transparent procurement decisions that level the 

playing field for U.S. companies. The value that U.S. 

industry places on the GPI was highlighted by the 

private sector members of the President’s Export 

Council, who submitted a letter to President Obama 

recommending that the Administration fully support 

USTDA in the GPI’s implementation.

#TradeChat 

USTDA convened nine different federal export and 

trade promotion agencies during World Trade Month 

to host a first-of-its-kind Twitter Q&A series for 

U.S. companies. By using the hashtag #TradeChat, 

businesses were able to ask questions directly to the 

agencies that support President Obama’s National 

Export Initiative. The three-part series provided U.S. 

industry with export solutions, including information 

on the federal resources available to companies who 

are interested in exporting goods and services to 

overseas markets. #TradeChat also provided USTDA 

the opportunity to expand its digital outreach by 

highlighting events and services that directly support 

small business exporters. The information shared 

by the participating agencies during #TradeChat 

reached over 400,000 Twitter accounts and set the 

standard for future social media events. 

Leveling the Playing Field for U.S. 

Industry in Overseas Procurements

In August 2013, USTDA launched the Global 

Procurement Initiative: Understanding Best Value 

(GPI) in response to requests from both its U.S. 

industry and overseas partners. The GPI aims to 

educate public procurement officials in emerging 

economies about the benefits of integrating bestvalue determinations and life-cycle cost analyses 

into their procurement policies. By fairly and 

transparently evaluating value in procurements, 

emerging economies will benefit from sustainable 

investments while creating a level playing field for 

greater international competition. 

USTDA launched the GPI in partnership with the 

George Washington University’s (GW) Government 

Procurement Law Program, the only degree-awarding 

program in North America that focuses on the law 

of government contracts. The major development 

banks have also agreed to collaborate with USTDA 

and GW when possible; their contributions are 

essential, given the importance of multilateral 

bank financing in developing and middle-income 

countries. The GPI’s partners recognize that leastcost procurement methods, frequently employed in 

emerging markets, often discourage competition in 

international tenders. Objective methods for value 

The value that U.S. industry places on the GPI was highlighted by the private 

sector members of the President’s Export Council, who submitted a letter 

to President Obama recommending that the Administration fully support 

USTDA in the GPI’s implementation.
8 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

MAKING GLOBAL LOCAL:

BUILDING CONNECTIONS
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 9

Since the program’s creation, USTDA has formed 

strategic partnerships with 32 state and local trade 

promotion organizations across the United States. 

With increased awareness of and access to USTDA’s 

priorities and programs, these partner organizations 

are helping companies in their communities 

identify sales opportunities abroad through various 

USTDA‐funded activities. 

Through its robust network of Making Global Local

partners, USTDA gathers market intelligence on key 

industry clusters, cutting-edge manufacturers and 

innovative service providers – the majority of which 

are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) – 

in order to connect U.S. businesses from around 

the country with foreign buyers. The Agency has 

been leveraging its partnerships – and the business 

intelligence gleaned through them – in order to 

participate in governor and mayor-led trade missions 

for the first time in its history, and to effectively 

coordinate and market the dozens of reverse trade 

missions it hosts each year. In fact, more than 90% 

of USTDA-hosted reverse trade missions in FY 2013 

visited cities and towns where the Agency has Making 

Global Local partners.

Throughout the next year and beyond, USTDA and 

its partner organizations will continue to explore 

innovative ways to collaborate in order to better serve 

the needs of companies interested in increasing their 

sales in high-growth emerging markets. 

USTDA’S PARTNER ORGANIZATIONS

■ California Chamber 

of Commerce

■ Colorado Office of 

Economic Development 

and International Trade 

■ County of Riverside – 

Office of Foreign Trade

■ Denver Sister Cities 

International 

■ Duquesne University 

Small Business 

Development Center 

■ Erie County Industrial 

Development Agency 

(New York) 

■ Export Finance Assistance 

Center of Washington 

■ Greater Houston Partnership

■ Illinois Chamber 

of Commerce

■ Invest Atlanta

■ Kansas Global Trade Services 

■ Los Angeles County 

Economic Development 

Corporation 

■ Los Angeles Regional 

Export Council 

■ Maryland Small Business 

Development Center

■ Massachusetts Office 

of International Trade 

and Investment

■ Mayor’s Office of 

International Trade and 

Development (Houston, TX)

■ Minnesota Trade Office

■ Mississippi Development 

Authority International 

Trade Office 

■ Missouri International Trade 

and Investment Office 

■ North Dakota Trade Office

■ Pennsylvania Small Business 

Development Centers 

■ Port of Virginia

■ Tampa Bay International 

Business Council 

■ Utah Governor’s Office of 

Economic Development

■ Vermont Economic 

Development Authority 

■ Virginia Small Business 

Development Center 

■ World Trade Center Atlanta 

■ World Trade Center of 

Greater Philadelphia 

■ World Trade Center 

of New Orleans

■ World Trade Center 

of San Diego 

■ World Trade Center Savannah

■ World Trade Center St. Louis

Since USTDA launched its Making Global Local initiative last year, it has 

become the largest domestic outreach effort in the Agency’s history. 

Making Global Local was designed to increase the number of U.S. companies 

that benefit from USTDA’s programs, with the ultimate goal of creating 

high‐paying U.S. jobs through expanded exports to emerging markets. 
10 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

By forming strategic partnerships, USTDA and local trade 

promotion organizations have continued to increase the 

involvement of small businesses in Agency-funded activities, 

thereby expanding their opportunities to increase exports. 
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 11

Supporting Small Businesses 

In FY 13, USTDA awarded 64% of its direct contracts 

to small businesses, demonstrating the Agency’s 

reliance on small businesses to provide technical 

guidance and recommendations that inform 

the Agency’s funding decisions. USTDA draws 

extensively on the expertise of small- and mediumsized consulting and engineering firms to provide 

independent technical and financial analysis during 

the critical early stages of a project’s definition. 

Since its inception, USTDA has been a catalyst for 

engaging small businesses in the international arena. 

By providing opportunities for these companies to 

apply their expertise in an international context, 

USTDA has provided valuable experience that would 

otherwise have been difficult for them to obtain. As 

a result, many small businesses that first expanded 

their global reach by working with USTDA have 

gone on to work on other international activities 

independent of the Agency’s support.

USTDA has broadened its outreach to the small 

business community through its various initiatives 

and by partnering with other U.S. government 

agencies. With the launch of Making Global 

Local, even more small businesses across the 

country are realizing the benefits of the Agency’s 

export-promotion programs. By forming strategic 

partnerships, USTDA and local trade promotion 

organizations have continued to increase the 

involvement of small businesses in Agency-funded 

activities, thereby expanding their opportunities 

to increase exports. USTDA also collaborates with 

a variety of other partners at the federal, state 

and local levels—including the Small Business 

Administration (SBA) as well as the Department 

of Commerce’s U.S. Export Assistance Centers and 

the District Export Councils—to increase awareness 

of the Agency’s export-promotion programs. 

USTDA’s participation in outreach events hosted 

all across the country – whether by Making Global 

Local partners, trade associations or other federal 

agencies – provides a vehicle for USTDA to connect 

with and recruit small businesses to participate in 

Agency-funded activities.

F

ollowing a meeting with FirmGreen Inc., a small renewable-energy company, 

the Agency recognized the value the firm would bring to an upcoming 

Brazil waste-to-energy reverse trade mission and quickly arranged for 

the Brazilian delegation to visit the company’s facilities in Orange County, 

CA. Drawing from its experience designing, integrating and financing the 

world’s largest biogas-to-energy facility at the Jardim Gramacho landfill 

near Rio de Janeiro, FirmGreen was able to share its lessons learned with 

the delegates and to discuss new renewable energy projects in Brazil. Since 

the visit, FirmGreen has helped ensure the successful commissioning of the 

facility in Brazil, even providing site tours to some of the Brazilian delegates. 
12 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

EVALUATIONS:

UNLOCKING RESULTS
Performance

Decision

Making

Evaluation

of results 1

2

3

U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 13

Over the last decade, every $1 dollar of USTDA 

program funding has generated $73 in U.S. exports 

– exceeding last year’s multiplier rate of $63 and the 

multiplier for two years ago of $58. This return on 

investment demonstrates the Agency’s ability to meet 

the needs of the U.S. business community and host 

country partners by employing the most effective 

tools to promote infrastructure development. 

The export multiplier is at the heart of the Agency’s 

robust evaluations process, which provides 

information about what USTDA’s program activities 

have achieved for U.S. companies and foreign 

partners. USTDA evaluates how each project performs 

by measuring the direct outputs in terms of project 

implementation by host country and the resulting U.S. 

exports. USTDA continuously monitors, tracks and 

analyzes the results of activities to determine their 

effectiveness and responsiveness to U.S. industry, 

emerging market needs and U.S. government policy 

priorities, in order to confirm that the Agency is 

accomplishing its mission. 

USTDA evaluates performance on a continuous basis 

to support funding decisions and to ensure oversight 

and accountability of the Agency’s programs. USTDA 

analyzes performance results by country and sector, 

reviews its program successes as well as failures, and 

identifies the most effective tools to leverage funding. 

In addition to USTDA’s historic results, the Agency 

examines U.S. export growth potential and forecasted 

trends in key markets. USTDA uses evaluation data 

when making funding decisions by assessing the 

potential for export sales, as well as past Agency 

results in the relevant country and sector. USTDA 

funding is prioritized for those projects for which 

the Agency’s data suggests the strongest potential 

for success. This rigorous and comprehensive 

approach to evidence-based decision-making 

allows the Agency to target resources in the most 

effective ways to increase the probability of success. 

By remaining responsive to the needs of its U.S. 

private sector partners, USTDA levels the playing 

field for U.S. industry in overseas markets, increasing 

opportunities for exports and consequently creating 

jobs at home. 

USTDA’s Program Evaluations Office has significantly 

expanded its capacity and improved its methods for 

capturing results over the past two years. Working 

with independent outside evaluators to collect 

and verify data on program performance, USTDA 

continues to refine its techniques for obtaining 

information that validates whether and how USTDA’s 

funding affected its intended outcomes. Looking 

ahead, the rigorous analysis of USTDA’s results will 

continue to enhance program management and datadriven decision-making to deliver tangible impacts 

for USTDA’s partners. 

In the Agency’s history of linking U.S. businesses 

to export opportunities, USTDA has generated 

nearly $36 billion in U.S. exports and, consistent 

with its Congressional mandate, has emerged 

as the leading U.S. government agency for 

project development and planning activities in 

emerging economies. 
14 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

USTDA PROGRAMS:

FINDING THE RIGHT BALANCE
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 15

Reverse Trade Missions: 

Making Connections

Reverse trade missions (RTMs) provide unique 

opportunities to foster business relationships 

between U.S. companies and our overseas partners. 

In 2013, USTDA funded 24 reverse trade missions 

that introduced U.S. company representatives 

to key foreign decision-makers, including senior 

governmental and private sector officials from highgrowth markets. 

These carefully planned missions bring foreign 

delegates to the United States to observe the design, 

manufacture and demonstration of industry-leading 

goods and services that can help the delegates 

achieve their development goals. The reverse trade 

missions target current and near-term business 

opportunities, often creating immediate results and 

export successes for U.S. businesses.

Conferences and Workshops: 

Identifying Opportunities, 

Showcasing Technologies

This year, USTDA continued to host conferences and 

workshops in the United States and overseas that 

brought together leaders from the public and private 

sectors to discuss specific business opportunities 

in key sectors and markets around the world. 

These meetings provide U.S. companies with vital 

knowledge on specific programs and activities that 

could positively impact their businesses. Further, 

these events help U.S. companies build partnerships 

and identify export opportunities. Events like the 

U.S.-Turkey Smart Grid Workshop and the U.S.-

China Aviation Symposium allow U.S. companies to 

showcase their technologies and services, as well 

as meet with foreign project sponsors and other 

potential customers. 

Feasibility Studies and Pilot Projects: 

Getting It Right from the Start

USTDA-funded and U.S.-led feasibility studies link 

foreign project sponsors with U.S. businesses at the 

critical early stage when technology options and 

project requirements are defined. These studies 

provide the comprehensive analysis required for 

major infrastructure investments to achieve financing 

and implementation.

In some cases, export opportunities depend on a 

demonstration of the U.S. seller’s goods, services or 

technologies in the foreign buyer’s setting. Agencyfunded pilot projects demonstrate the effectiveness 

of U.S. solutions and provide the analysis, evaluation 

and empirical data needed for potential foreign 

projects to secure funding. Pilot projects have 

proven to be an excellent tool for showcasing 

U.S. capabilities.

Technical Assistance: 

Creating a Favorable Business 

and Trade Environment

USTDA advances economic development in partner 

countries by funding technical assistance that 

supports legal and regulatory reform related to 

commercial activities and infrastructure development, 

the establishment of industry standards and 

other capacity-building activities. These technical 

assistance programs, which often bridge gaps in the 

project development life cycle and help shepherd 

projects through to financing, are facilitating 

favorable business and trade environments for U.S. 

goods and services. USTDA’s technical assistance 

has been successful in creating U.S. exports and 

supporting U.S. jobs, while also promoting economic 

growth in partner countries. 

USTDA’s “toolbox” of activities and programs help achieve the 

Administration’s top priority of increasing U.S. exports in support 

of domestic job growth.
16 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

ENERGY:

POWERING DEVELOPMENT
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 17

As a result, USTDA’s energy sector investments 

increased substantially, growing from 37% of total 

program obligations in FY 2012 to 47% in FY 2013. 

This increased demand for USTDA’s energy-related 

programs was manifested in both the many specific 

projects that the Agency supported in developing 

and middle-income countries, as well as in initiatives 

in which USTDA has a leading role. These include 

USTDA’s ongoing Energy Cooperation Programs 

in India and China, as well as USTDA’s support for 

the launch of key Administration priority initiatives 

concerning clean energy and climate change 

mitigation: Power Africa, the U.S.-China Climate 

Change Working Group and the U.S.-Asia-Pacific 

Comprehensive Energy Partnership. 

Increased concerns regarding air quality, energy 

security and climate change are leading many 

of USTDA’s partner countries to pursue energy 

diversification strategies, with a particular focus 

on domestic renewable energy sources. The use 

of renewable energy resources for power and fuel 

continues to expand in nearly every region of the 

world, growing 8.5 percent in 2012 to more than 

1,470 gigawatts. 

U.S. companies continue to be technology leaders 

in the renewables sector, but face increasing 

competition from foreign markets. To level the 

playing field for U.S. industry, USTDA supported 

twelve renewable energy activities in FY 2013, 

including wind, geothermal, solar, hydropower, 

biomass and waste-to-energy projects. In 2013, 

USTDA identified sales of U.S. renewable energy 

products associated with our 2010 Clean Energy 

Exchange Program for the Americas Reverse Trade 

Mission series. For example, a Maryland business 

was awarded additional consulting contracts to 

advance geothermal power projects in Colombia and 

a company based in Wisconsin confirmed sales of 

equipment to Brazil’s Renova Energia for use in a 

wind energy project.

To capitalize on U.S. competitiveness and current 

market trends, USTDA also pursued climate-friendly 

energy production, primarily from natural gas and 

key renewable sources. U.S. industry leads in many 

of the critical technologies and services that can 

help emerging economies meet their energy supply 

needs while transitioning to climate-friendly energy 

production. This is particularly true in the production 

of unconventional natural gas, including both coal 

bed methane and shale gas. The transformation of 

the United States in less than ten years from gasconstrained to gas-abundant has been achieved 

primarily through the rapid growth in unconventional 

gas production, powered by U.S. innovation and 

technology. Given this dramatic success, other 

countries such as China and India have expressed 

strong interest in developing their own resources 

using U.S. technology. USTDA has provided targeted 

assistance for such development, including funding 

two feasibility studies in FY 2013 that will study 

developing shale gas deposits in India. Furthermore, 

USTDA hosted shale gas training workshops in China 

that introduced Chinese energy sector officials and 

project sponsors to U.S. shale gas best practices, 

policies and technologies. 

For over a decade, USTDA has helped India develop 

its coal bed methane deposits into productive 

resources. Through a variety of program tools 

Energy remained at the core of USTDA’s global program in FY 2013. The 

Agency focused on supporting strong U.S. export-producing activities to 

assist our partner countries in expanding the supply of renewable energy 

sources and promoting the use of cleaner, more efficient technologies for 

all energy sub-sectors. 
18 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Increased concerns regarding air quality, energy security and 

climate change are leading many of USTDA’s partner countries to 

pursue energy diversification strategies, with a particular focus on 

domestic renewable energy sources.
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 19

of these plans will adopt the latest technologies. 

Other countries are making significant investments to 

improve existing infrastructure. These environments 

represent enormous opportunities for U.S. industry, 

and USTDA has been working to position U.S. 

companies to pursue them successfully.

U.S. companies are highly competitive in grid 

modernization technologies and can assist utilities 

to improve efficiency, save costs, reduce losses and 

improve resiliency to natural disasters. USTDA’s 

RTMs and workshops often serve as critical first 

steps toward procurements. For example, in South 

Africa, USTDA organized an RTM following a 2011 

Smart Grid Workshop to foster the participation of 

U.S. firms in the country’s upcoming smart grid 

projects. The activity resulted in U.S. companies 

supplying advanced metering infrastructure to the 

South African market. Following the visit, the City 

of Johannesburg awarded Itron (Liberty Lake, WA) 

a $150 million contract to supply smart meters.

targeting a number of India’s resource sites, USTDA 

has helped generate over $25 million in U.S. exports 

to date. Utilizing this new resource, India can reduce 

harmful methane emissions, provide a clean source 

of energy, and attain greater energy independence 

and security. Unconventional gas projects in Turkey, 

Georgia and Indonesia are also expected to be 

implemented in the near future based on the results 

of USTDA’s assistance.

With the global electricity transmission and 

distribution market forecasted to reach nearly 

$500 billion over the next seven years, USTDA has 

actively stayed ahead of the curve by gradually 

increasing its support of smart grid projects. Globally, 

the growth of the electricity market is increasingly 

concentrated in emerging markets where newly 

privatized electric utilities are faced with significant 

losses and tighter emissions restrictions. Many 

foreign governments are developing plans to build 

smarter, greener, more integrated cities – and some 

USTDA has supported a number of pilot projects and technical assistance 

(TA) that provide analysis and introduce favorable policies to enable smart 

grid implementation. For instance, Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited, a 

utility serving 4.5 million people in northern India, recently implemented all of 

the recommendations from a USTDA-funded TA on distribution automation. 

Nearly 15 U.S. companies provided software, hardware and services for 

this project. As a result, Tata Power is now one of the most advanced utility 

providers in India and has deployed the country’s first Outage Management 

System, which allows the utility to identify faults more quickly and dispatch a 

repair crew before the consumer calls. This project was also part of a sector-wide 

reform program in India that has allowed Tata Power to become privatized, secure 

a revenue stream and serve as a model for other utilities in the country. 
20 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

TRANSPORTATION:

FACILITATING BUSINESS
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 21

The Agency continued to invest in transportation 

projects in FY 2013, committing over 29% of its total 

program obligations to strong export-producing 

activities in its key international markets. Most 

notably, U.S. businesses are generating exports as 

a result of the Agency’s investments in this sector. 

The majority of these new exports have come from 

the aviation subsector, demonstrating the high 

value of advanced U.S. technologies, including 

aircraft, engines, communications and air traffic 

management systems. Growing worldwide demand 

for commercial aviation, general aviation and air 

cargo services provides many opportunities for longterm commercial engagement in USTDA’s partner 

countries. The Agency’s innovative public-private 

cooperation initiatives in the aviation sector have 

become hallmarks of its program. With the launch of 

the U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation Program (ACP) 

a decade ago, and continuing with similar programs 

in India, Brazil and South Africa, these multi-faceted 

collaborations with U.S. industry and partner country 

civil aviation authorities are opening the door to U.S. 

commercial opportunities in key trade markets. 

USTDA made significant investments in airport 

infrastructure in 2013, an area where U.S. companies 

are increasingly looking overseas. In Brazil, USTDA 

is funding an implementation plan to improve overall 

airport capacity at 16 major airports in the country 

ahead of the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympic 

Games. In Ghana, USTDA provided sustained support 

to fund the development of construction design and 

procurement documents for the rehabilitation and 

renovation of the passenger terminal at the Kotoka 

International Airport in Accra. USTDA also supported 

a reverse trade mission to expose private and public 

sector representatives from the Turkish aviation 

industry to U.S. technology and solutions as they 

develop a third airport in Istanbul.

USTDA additionally invested in several intelligent 

transportation systems (ITS) projects that utilize 

electronic, communications and information 

technologies to improve all aspects of surface 

transportation networks. The implementation of ITS 

technologies increases the efficiency and safety of 

existing transportation infrastructure by reducing 

congestion in metropolitan areas and enabling 

Transportation, which again featured at the heart of the Agency’s 

commitments and results in FY 2013, exemplifies the accomplishment of 

USTDA’s dual mission of increasing U.S. exports and fostering economic 

growth in partner countries. Around the world, investments in the 

modernization and expansion of aviation, rail and maritime infrastructure 

provide growth returns and broad economic benefits. USTDA and its 

partners have consistently seen that increasing capacity and efficiency 

across all transport modes is necessary to create the platform for 

sustainable growth in supply chains, trade and the movement of people. 
22 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

The Agency continued to invest in transportation projects in 

FY 2013, committing over 29% of its total program obligations to 

strong export-producing activities in its key international markets. 
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 23

China, India, Brazil, Mexico and Indonesia are 

experiencing steady growth in freight rail. Rising 

global investment in freight rail is driving demand 

for locomotives, and USTDA’s program has assisted 

U.S. companies with these export opportunities. 

For example, USTDA has supported projects that 

encourage the development of efficient freight 

management and track maintenance systems, 

engines and repowering engine kits, and signaling 

and communication technologies to improve the 

efficiency of rail operations.

In a sector that continues to drive the growth of 

U.S. exports, jobs and the broader economy, USTDA 

looks forward to continuing to link partner countries’ 

transportation stakeholders to leading U.S. providers 

of technology, services and expertise.

more rapid connectivity between major cities 

and economic zones. One such project supports 

the development of recommendations for the 

implementation of ITS for the Tiete and Pinheiros 

corridors in Sao Paulo, Brazil. USTDA also funded a 

grant in conjunction with two U.S. companies (W&S 

Solutions and Econolite) to evaluate the viability 

of an ITS pilot project in Guangzhou, China. The 

study includes recommendations for ITS upgrades 

and a pilot project to showcase U.S. technology 

at six intersections. Both grants are expected to 

open the door for U.S. ITS technology exports that 

would make traffic flows safer and more efficient.

Rail, particularly freight rail, continues to present 

significant opportunities for U.S. transportation 

companies. Large emerging markets such as 

The ASEAN Connectivity through Rail Workshop, held in Jakarta, 

Indonesia in September 2013, brought together U.S. rail sector leaders 

with prospective partners in Southeast Asia. As ASEAN economies make 

upgrades to increase freight and passenger rail capacity, extend and rehabilitate 

existing rail infrastructure, develop mass transit lines in urban areas, and 

pursue cross-border rail and transport linkages, this workshop highlighted 

the United States’ experience and best practices in the areas of signaling 

systems for safety and capacity; locomotive operations, procurement, 

maintenance, and rehabilitation; track maintenance; transportation planning 

and project management; and financing strategies, including leasing. The 

workshop built upon the success of a previous USTDA-funded reverse trade 

mission, after which the State Railway of Thailand purchased several million 

dollars in locomotive engines and engine repowering kits that are forming the 

base of the continued growth in ASEAN’s rail sector.
24 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

TELECOMMUNICATIONS:

CONNECTING PEOPLE
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 25

representatives from Brazil and Colombia. The 

objective of these visits was to familiarize the 

delegates with U.S. technologies and solutions for 

secure and efficient banking, particularly related to 

mobile and internet banking, anti-money laundering, 

fraud analytics and predictive modeling, document 

and data management, and ICT infrastructure and 

storage. The delegates met with relevant U.S. 

companies, banking and government organizations, 

U.S. commercial banks and financial institutions, 

and banking information technology and service 

providers. By cultivating business partnerships 

under these RTMs, USTDA is helping to promote 

U.S. private sector technological solutions to secure 

the financial sector in emerging markets.

Fiber optic cable systems stretch between landbased stations to carry telecommunication signals 

and telephone, internet and private data traffic. 

As consumers around the world have increasingly 

demanded high-speed internet in their homes and on 

mobile devices, wireless carriers and cable providers 

are demanding fiber optic cable at increasing rates. 

USTDA’s activities in this sub-sector have supported 

the deployment of submarine cables and land-based 

backbone networks, as well as legal and regulatory 

activities. USTDA has facilitated the success of 

several submarine cable systems, including East 

Africa’s SEACOM, which is dramatically increasing 

connectivity and reducing prices for information 

and communication services. Building upon this 

success, USTDA supported a feasibility study in 2013 

to help Nigeria’s Main One Cable Company plan the 

extension of a 300-mile undersea fiber optic network 

from Lagos to Port Harcourt. USTDA will continue 

to support U.S. industry in this sector as consumer 

demand for fiber optic networks accelerates.

According to the International Telecommunications 

Union, internet usage by individuals in these markets 

is estimated to have doubled in the past five years, 

to 30 users per 100 inhabitants. Mobile cellular 

subscriptions also doubled during this period. 

Emerging markets accounted for over a quarter 

of global ICT demand in 2012 and are expected to 

increase to nearly one half by 2020. 

USTDA is helping to facilitate the growth of this 

sector by investing in activities that offer the greatest 

opportunities for U.S. private sector engagement, 

including data centers, financial sector information 

technology (IT) and fiber optic cable systems. 

Global data is predicted to grow by 800% between 

2012 and 2017.1 Furthermore, as data moves into the 

cloud, cloud computing is driving changes in data 

center design and operation. Due to the skyrocketing 

amount of global data usage – and the growing need 

in developing countries to house and process this 

data – USTDA has received increasing demand for 

assistance in data accumulation and processing in 

recent years. The Agency’s investments in data center 

activities have increased substantially, addressing 

its partner countries’ needs to manage increased 

data flows. USTDA will continue to pursue projects 

in this sub-sector, focusing on the optimization of 

data centers to support cloud computing. 

G i ve n t h e i n c re a s e d g l o b a l d e m a n d fo r 

telecommunications infrastructure and ICT 

applications, many of USTDA’s host country project 

sponsors, particularly those in the financial sector, 

are looking to U.S. technologies to secure the growing 

volumes of data on their broadband networks. 

In 2013, USTDA supported reverse trade missions 

for senior bank, insurance company and government 

Over the past decade, investments in telecommunications infrastructure and 

information and communication technology (ICT) applications have seen 

tremendous growth, especially in developing and middle‐income markets.

1 Colliers International Data Center Market Report. http://www.colliers.com/~/media/images/unitedstates/markets/

minneapolis-st.paul/market%20reports/q2%202012/data-q2-2012.pdf
26 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

USTDA hosted a reverse trade mission for a delegation of officials from 

Indonesia’s national search and rescue agency, BASARNAS, to highlight 

available U.S. services and technologies for first response capabilities. The 

visit was planned in order to position U.S. companies to learn about upcoming 

procurements in Indonesia and establish business relationships that 

could lead to export sales. Participants from BASARNAS were introduced 

to U.S. suppliers of ICT products and software, helicopters, boats, and 

radio communications equipment essential to emergency search and 

rescue operations in the wake of aviation, maritime and natural disasters. 

Following the visit to the U.S., BASARNAS purchased $1.4 million in ICT and 

communications products from three large U.S. firms, which have enabled it to 

respond more effectively to major incidents.
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 27

EXPORT CONTRACTS BY STATE

QUICK FACTS

TOTAL U.S. 

EXPORT CONTRACTS

3765

Across the United States, companies 

have realized export success through 

USTDA’s programs. The graphic 

depicts states that have been 

awarded overseas sales contracts 

as a result of USTDA’s activities 

between 1992 and 2013.

1–49 50–99 100–149 150–199 200+

NUMBER OF EXPORT CONTRACTS BY COLOR

$73

Exports generated 

for each 

$1 invested

$36B

Total U.S. exports 

generated by 

USTDA programs

83

The number of 

activities USTDA 

funded in

 FY 2013

64%

Percentage of contracts 

awarded by USTDA 

to small businesses 

in FY 2013 
28 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Internet — www.ustda.gov

USTDA’s website provides comprehensive 

information on its program, current business 

opportunities, upcoming events, completed reports, 

Agency news, and recent publications.

Requests for Proposals (RFP)

USTDA posts RFP announcements about current 

business opportunities with the Agency and its 

overseas grant recipients on the Federal Business 

Opportunities (FBO) website at www.fbo.gov. Links 

to the FBO postings are available on USTDA’s 

website at www.ustda.gov. RFP packages may be 

requested electronically via USTDA’s website. 

On-Line Consultant Database

Many USTDA activities are reserved exclusively for 

small businesses. Small U.S. businesses interested 

in being considered for contracting opportunities 

with USTDA can register with the Agency’s On-line 

Consultant Database on the Agency’s website. 

Businesses should also register with the U.S. 

Government’s Central Contractor Registration 

website at www.ccr.gov.

Library

USTDA’s library maintains final reports of 

Agency‐funded activities and can provide electronic 

copies of those reports upon request by e-mailing 

library@ustda.gov. Furthermore, USTDA posts new 

reports directly on its website, www.ustda.gov. 

Publications

The Agency distributes a biweekly eNewsletter, 

Trade Posts, to provide information about USTDA’s 

activities and events. Visit USTDA’s website to 

sign up to receive Trade Posts. Requests for copies 

of printed publications can also be made via 

the Agency’s website.

Questions about USTDA

General inquiries about USTDA’s program can be 

made by calling (703) 875-4357, faxing (703) 8754009, e-mailing info@ustda.gov, or completing the 

Contact Form on the Agency’s website.

To contact USTDA’s program staff, send an e-mail to your 

region of interest: 

• East Asia:

East_Asia@ustda.gov

• Latin America and the Caribbean:

LAC@ustda.gov

• Middle East, North Africa, Europe and Eurasia:

MENA_EE@ustda.gov

• South and Southeast Asia:

South_Southeast_Asia@ustda.gov

• Sub-Saharan Africa:

Africa@ustda.gov 

USTDA Executives and Department Heads

To contact a USTDA Staff member, please call our main office 

line at 703-875-4357. 

Director. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leocadia I. Zak 

Deputy Director. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peggy Philbin 

General Counsel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enoh T. Ebong 

Chief of Staff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clark Jennings

Director for Policy and Program and 

Regional Director, East Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geoffrey Jackson

Director, Public Affairs and 

Congressional Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas R. Hardy

Director for Export Promotion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leila Aridi Afas

Regional Director, 

Latin America and the Caribbean. . . . . . . . . . . . Nathan Younge

Regional Director, Middle East, 

North Africa, Europe and Eurasia. . . . . . . . . . . . Carl B. Kress

Regional Director, 

South and South East Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Henry Steingass 

Regional Director, 

Sub-Saharan Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul Marin

Program Evaluations Director,

Office of Evaluations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diana Rossiter

Grants Administrator,

Office of Grants Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pat Daughetee

Chief Financial Officer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liz Gustafson

Chief, Office of Acquisition Management . . . . . . . Garth Hibbert

Administrative Officer

Office of Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carolyn Hum

Chief Information Officer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas R. Hardy

CLIENT RESOURCES
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 29

SUMMARY OF FY 2013 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

USTDA ACTIVITIES

BY VALUE OF OBLIGATIONS

2011 2012 2013

DM/Desk Studies $1,816,914 4.4% $2,076,927 4.8% $2,183,364 5.3%

Feasibility Studies $17,251,963 42.0% $14,141,409 32.2% $16,182,817 39.1%

Reverse Trade Mission $8,745,649 21.3% $10,542,425 24.0% $5,770,693 13.9%

Technical Assistance $11,355,473 27.6% $12,854,646 29.3% $14,069,603 34.0%

Trade-Related Training $300,000 0.7% $781,834 1.8% $1,479,714 3.6%

Workshop/Conferences $1,242,351 3.0% $3,176,034 7.2% $1,709,113 4.1%

Other $373,494 1.0% $349,651 0.7% $25,306 0%

Total $41,085,844 100% $43,922,926 100% $41,420,610 100%

USTDA ACTIVITIES BY ECONOMIC SECTOR

BY VALUE OF OBLIGATIONS

2011 2012 2013

Agribusiness $819,070 2.0% $0 0% $269,463 0.6%

Clean Energy/Energy Efficiency $15,527,145 37.8% $16,335,973 37.2% $17,610,249 42.5%

Human Resources $1,558,479 3.8% $1,135,744 2.6% $409,362 1.0%

Manufacturing $290,058 0.7% $0 0% $0 0%

Mining & Natural Resources $846,899 2.0% $91,453 0.2% $1,810,693 4.4%

Multi-Sector & Other $947,000 2.3% $675,224 1.5% $1,187,251 2.9%

Services $4,220,618 10.3% $2,298,610 5.2% $2,701,217 6.5%

Telecommunications $4,429,963 10.8% $3,282,419 7.5% $3,893,748 9.4%

Transportation $11,018,381 26.8% $17,373,332 39.6% $12,164,251 29.4%

Water & Environment $1,428,231 3.5% $2,730,171 6.2% $1,374,376 3.3%

Total $41,085,844 100% $43,922,926 100% $41,420,610 100%

FY 2013 PROGRAM ACTIVITIES LISTED BY REGION

EAST ASIA

China China Aviation Symposium Technical Symposium American Association of Airport Executives Cambridge MA $25,025

China FY 2013 USFCS Specialist Xiaolei Wan Technical Assistance U.S. Foreign and Commercial Services $6,000

China Workplace and Construction Safety Reverse Trade Mission Millennium Science & Engineering, Inc. (MSE) Chantilly VA $262,978

China Guangzhou Intelligent Transportation System DS Desk Study TERA International Group, Inc. (TERA) Sterling VA $7,000

China U.S.-China Shale Gas Training Program Technical Assistance Institute of Gas Technology Des Plaines IL $377,986

China Technical Assistance and Pilot Project Groundwater Investigation Technical Assistance Geotech Environmental Equipment, Inc. Denver CO $428,532

China Green Port Technologies Reverse Trade Mission Business Council for International Understanding (BCIU) New York NY $286,985

China Electricity Distribution Data Integration, Management,Visualization Pilot Project Desk Study Energy Markets Group (EMG) McLean VA $8,000

China Waste-to-Energy Pilot Project Desk Study Walter R. Niessen dba Niessen Consultants Andover MA $7,875

China U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation Program Phase IX Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group, Inc. Winter Park FL $6,000

China Guangzhou Intelligent Transportation System Feasibility Study W & S Solutions, LLC Pleasanton CA $494,486

China U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation Program Phase IX Technical Assistance Selection in progress $567,420

China U.S.-China Aviation Cooperation Program Phase IX Technical Assistance Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Washington DC $85,241

China U.S.-China Standards & Conformity Assessment Cooperation Program, Phase III Technical Assistance American National Standards Institute Washington DC $496,118

China Electricity Distr. Data Integration Mntg, and Visualization Pilot Feasibility Study Selection in progress $799,847

China Integrated Shale Gas Management Solution Desk Study Advanced Resources International, Inc. Fairfax VA $7,000

China Environmental Sector Opportunities Definitional Mission Interdisciplinary Research Consultants-US (IdRC-US) Springfield Gardens NY $59,260

China Quality Management Intelligence Dashboard Desk Study OMMA Healthcare, LLC Rollinsville CO $7,000

China U.S.-China Green Data Center Demonstration Desk Study Douglas M Shuster dba Emerging Markets Infrastructure, LLC Herndon VA $7,000

China Shanghai Distributed Energy Microgrid Demand-Side Management Desk Study Energy Markets Group Washington DC $8,000

China Aviation Sustainability Initiative Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group, Inc. Winter Park FL $8,000

China Anti-Monopoly Law Program Phase III Technical Assistance TERA International Group, Inc. (TERA) Sterling VA $238,454

China U.S.-China Aviation Sustainability Initiative Technical Assistance Selection in progress $885,700

China U.S.-China Smart Grid Technical Exchange Program Technical Assistance NEMA Rosslyn VA $368,000

China Mid-Range and Heavy Duty Commercial Vehicle Fuel Economy Standards Reverse Trade Mission TERA International Group, Inc. (TERA) Sterling VA $302,733

China Health Information Technology Dashboards Feasibility Study Selection in progress $402,362

China Air Quality Management Program Technical Assistance Selection in progress $842,584

China U.S.-China Intellectual Property Law Training Program Training TERA International Group, Inc. (TERA) Sterling VA $544,797

China Aviation Sustainability Initiative FAA Transfer Funds Technical Assistance Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Washington DC $13,218

China USFCS Specialist Xiaolei Wan Technical Assistance $110,951

Total for East Asia: $7,664,552

COUNTRY TITLE ACTIVITY U.S. FIRM CITY STATE FUNDS OBLIGATED
30 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

COUNTRY TITLE ACTIVITY U.S. FIRM CITY STATE FUNDS OBLIGATED

LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN

Brazil Airports Modernization Technologies Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates Washington DC $12,197

Brazil Pampulha Airport Development Project Technical Assistance KED Group, LLC Columbia SC $110,610

Brazil Aviation Sector Opportunities Definitional Mission Ronald F. Price dba QED Airport & Aviation Consultants Amelia Island FL $64,997

Brazil U.S.-Brazil Aviation Partnership Phase I Initiative Technical Symposium Futron Corporation Bethesda MD $892,945

Brazil Waste-to-Energy and Landfill Gas-to-Energy Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. (KEA) Washington DC $279,305

Brazil Ceara State Digital Backbone Network Business and Governance Model Technical Assistance Selection in progress $171,706

Brazil Broadband Network Technologies Reverse Trade Mission Business Council for International Understanding (BCIU) New York NY $277,976

Brazil Tiete and Pinheiros Intelligent Transportation Technical Assistance Selection in progress $420,000

Brazil Airport Capacity Desk Study Ronald F. Price dba QED Airport & Aviation Consultants Amelia Island FL $7,000

Brazil Amapa State Information Technology Strategy and Data Center Design Technical Assistance Selection in progress $572,275

Brazil Ionospheric Scintillation Feasibility Study Selection in progress $701,905

Brazil Brazil Strategic Airport Capacity Improvement Project Technical Assistance Selection in progress $1,040,736

Brazil USFCS Specialist Rodrigo Mota Technical Assistance $187,386

Chile Renewable Energy Sector Projects Definitional Mission Castalia LLC Washington DC $81,205

Chile Punta Arenas Coal Gasification Reverse Trade Mission The Webster Group, Inc. Washington DC $281,144

Chile 99 MW Tablaruca Wind Farm on Chiloe Island Feasibility Study Selection in progress $610,000

Chile San Antonio – Santiago Intermodal Corridor Feasibility Study Selection in progress $620,000

Chile Puerto Natales 5 MW Biomass Energy Plant Feasibility Study Selection in progress $484,000

Chile 58 MW Combined Biomass and Hydroelectric Renewable Energy Park Feasibility Study Selection in progress $607,000

Chile Low-Head Hydropower Project Portfolio Feasibility Study Selection in progress $721,657

Colombia Intelligent Supervision and Advanced Control System Technical Assistance Selection in progress $463,944

Colombia U.S.-Colombia Smart Grid Workshop Technical Symposium MFM Lamey Group Miami FL $293,378

Colombia Implementation of Intelligent Transportation System Technologies Technical Assistance Selection in progress $479,000

Colombia Information and Communication Technology Sector Opportunities Definitional Mission Martin P. Morell New York NY $60,895

El Salvador Proposed TOR Modifications for the Port of La Union Vessel Traffic Program TA Desk Study Airline Capital Associates, Inc. New York NY $3,000

Mexico Portable Water Filtration Pilot Project Desk Study Performance Technology, Inc. Lewiston ME $9,000

Mexico Puebla ITS Technologies Feasibility Study Selection in progress $455,000

Mexico Unconventional Gas Development Reverse Trade Mission The Meridian International Center Washington DC $234,576

Mexico Rail Sector Projects Definitional Mission The Seneca Group, LLC Washington DC $49,315

Mexico Solar Power Development Reverse Trade Mission Telecom/Telematique, Inc. Washington DC $226,049

Mexico Resource Guide for U.S. Industry on Priority Infrastructure Projects Definitional Mission The Seneca Group, LLC Washington DC $89,844

Panama Maritime Transportation Sector Projects Definitional Mission HE Pena Jr, Transportation Consulting Charleston SC $59,556

Regional LAC LAC Contract for Advisory and Assistance Services Technical Assistance Eric Cameron Toler Washington DC $27,207

Regional LAC Financial Sector IT Security Modernization Reverse Trade Mission Technical Resources International, Inc. (TRI) Bethesda MD $517,477

Regional LAC Travel for Jacob Flewelling Technical Assistance Jacob Flewelling $8,000

Total for Latin America and Caribbean: $11,120,285

MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA, EUROPE & EURASIA

Algeria Oran Tertiary Wastewater Treatment Facility Feasibility Study AECOM Technical Services, Inc. Orlando FL $30,000

Azerbaijan Azerspace-2 Communications Satellite Project Feasibility Study Feasibility Study Selection in progress $604,000

Azerbaijan Azercosmos Telecommunication Geostationary Satellite Definitional Mission Space Partnership International, LLC Bethesda MD $40,325

Egypt TAQA Concentrated Solar Power Plant Desk Study CJ Aron Associates, Inc Brooklyn NY $8,000

dba Greenmax Capital Advisors New York Office

Egypt Agribusiness Opportunities Definitional Mission Peoples Group, The Arlington VA $49,941

Jordan Solar Stean Augmentation Project Proposal Evaluation Definitional Mission 3E Consulting LLC Columbia MD $39,987

Kazakhstan AZHK Smart Grid Project Feasibility Study Selection in progress $614,615

Kazakhstan Aviation Sector Definitional Mission Ronald F. Price dba QED Airport & Aviation Consultants Amelia Island FL $60,000

Kazakhstan Electric Power Sector Definitional Mission Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ $54,000

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Rail Definitional Mission Douglas M Shuster dba Emerging Markets Infrastructure, LLC Herndon VA $32,735

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Rail Definitional Mission Douglas M Shuster dba Emerging Markets Infrastructure, LLC Herndon VA $27,265

Morocco ONEP GIS System Desk Study Performance Technology Lewiston ME $5,000

Regional MENAEE Eurasian Market Development II – Scott Greenip Technical Assistance Greenip, Scott $5,808

Regional MENAEE MENA/Europe Regional Advisory and Assistance Contractor Technical Assistance Jonathan Tosi Chu Washington DC $40,600

Regional MENAEE Scott Greenip Travel – E/Eurasia Technical Assistance Scott Greenip $3,689

Romania Information and Communications Technology Definitional Mission Global Resources, Inc. Irvine CA $63,848

Romania Oil and Gas Sector Reverse Trade Mission Millennium Science & Engineering, Inc. (MSE) Chantilly VA $240,831

Romania Oil and Gas Sector Definitional Mission Appropriate Energy Management, Inc. West Jefferson OH $64,956

Romania Digital Archiving and Content Management Feasibility Study Selection in progress $288,000

Romania Ministry of Administration and Interior Data Center Modernization Feasibility Study Selection in progress $400,600
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 31

COUNTRY TITLE ACTIVITY U.S. FIRM CITY STATE FUNDS OBLIGATED

Turkey Smart Grid Applications in Power Distribution Feasibility Study Actionable Strategies, LLC New York NY $67,000

Turkey Coal Bed Methane Recovery and Utilization Desk Study 3E Consulting LLC Columbia MD $5,000

Turkey Smart Grid in Electricity Transmission Feasibility Study Selection in progress $536,520

Turkey Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy Definitional Mission Constant Group, Inc. Maywood NJ $25,000

Turkey Geothermal Energy Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. (KEA) Washington DC $208,874

Turkey Third Istanbul Airport Reverse Trade Mission American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE) Alexandria VA $215,225

Turkey Smart Grid Workshops Technical Symposium MFM Lamey Group Miami FL $257,615

Turkey Istanbul New Airport Definitional Mission Ascendant Program Services, LLC Bethesda MD $79,629

Ukraine Power Plant Modernization Reverse Trade Mission Global Marketing and Communications Arlington MA $31,092

Ukraine Pilot Gas Condensate Production Project – Translation Services Technical Assistance U.S. Embassy-Kiev, Ukraine $3,000

Ukraine Smart Grid and Power Transmission and Distribution Workshop Technical Symposium Business Council for International Understanding (BCIU) New York NY $238,650

Total for Middle East, North Africa, Europe & Eurasia: $4,341,805

SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

Burma Civil Aviation Modernization Reverse Trade Mission Futron Corporation Bethesda MD $280,979

India Technical, Management and Operational Development Training (TMODT) Program Technical Assistance Hi-Tec Systems, Inc. Egg Harbor Township NJ $2,700

India FY 2013 Funding Request USFCS Specialist Mehnaz Ansari Technical Assistance $6,200

India Ports Sector Definitional Mission Leonard Sugin New York NY $75,000

India Smart Grid and Energy Efficiency Definitional Mission Douglas M Shuster dba Emerging Markets Infrastructure, LLC Herndon VA $75,000

India Shale Gas Desk Study Intratech, Inc. McLean VA $10,000

India Total Airspace and Airport Modeler (TAAM) Feasibility Study Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc Englewood CO $476,320

India Performance Based Navigation Procedure Development Technical Assistance Selection in progress $706,139

India Refineries Modernization Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. (KEA) Washington DC $204,700

India Railways Sector Definitional Mission David Burns dba David Burns Railway Consulting River Forest IL $70,142

India Development of Shale Gas and Oil Resources Feasibility Study Invenire, Inc. Houston TX $609,693

India Mumbai Demand Side Management Pilot Power Project Feasibility Study Innovari, Inc. $662,155

India Central Power Research Institute Smart Grid Test Bed Project Technical Assistance Selection in progress $692,000

India Shale Gas and Oil Resource Development Feasibility Study Selection in progress $588,685

India ACP Aviation Sector Projects Definitional Mission KED Group, LLC Columbia SC $74,916

India Technical, Management and Operational Development Training Phase II Program Technical Assistance Selection in progress $400,900

India Airport Geographic Information System Technical Assistance Selection in progress $497,888

India FY 2014 USFCS Specialist Mehnaz Ansari Technical Assistance $84,848

Indonesia Cibuni 30 MW Geothermal Power Development Feasibility Study Layman Energy Associates, Inc. San Luis Obispo CA $546,766

Indonesia Pertamina Refineries Master Plan Desk Study Intratech, Inc. McLean VA $9,000

Indonesia National Geospatial Information Infrastructure Technical Assistance Selection in progress $331,646

Indonesia Revamp of Pertamina Refinery Feasibility Study Selection in progress $1,071,206

Indonesia Natural Gas Infrastructure Definitional Mission The Innovation Network LLC Lexington MA $118,000

Pakistan Desk Study Review: 5-10 MW Waste-to-Energy Plant Near Karachi FS Desk Study Cambridge Project Development Miami FL $9,720

Philippines Transport Sector Definitional Mission Ascendant Program Services, LLC Bethesda MD $59,787

Philippines Power Distribution Modernization: MERALCO Desk Study Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ $8,000

Regional SSE Asia Business Development Manager Storage Other Joe Mohollad Moving Woodbridge VA $1,099

Regional SSE Asia Regional Manager for Asia Contract Technical Assistance Mark Dunn Baltimore MD $186,500

Regional SSE Asia Asia-Pacific Flight Standards Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. (KEA) Washington DC $229,576

Regional SSE Asia Waste to Energy / Biomass Reverse Trade Mission Meridian International Center Washington DC $287,555

Regional SSE Asia USTDA Regional Office, Bangkok, Thailand Technical Assistance $120,475

Thailand Implementation of GBAS Air Navigation Technology Desk Study KED Group, LLC Columbia SC $6,700

Vietnam Review for the Vietnam Cloud Computing Data Center Final Report Desk Study Hellerstein, Judith dba Hellerstein and Associates Washington DC $3,000

Vietnam FY 2013 USFCS Specialist Tuyet Trees Technical Assistance U.S. Foreign and Commercial Services $6,900

Vietnam National Power Transmission Information Technology Roadmap Technical Assistance Selection in progress $627,850

Vietnam Wind Power Development Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. (KEA) Washington DC $244,458

Vietnam Wind Grid Code Development and Renewable Integration Study Technical Assistance Selection in progress $287,917

Vietnam FY 2014 USFCS Specialist Tuyet Trees Technical Assistance $31,240

Total for South and Southeast Asia: $9,705,658
32 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

COUNTRY TITLE ACTIVITY U.S. FIRM CITY STATE FUNDS OBLIGATED

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Ghana NEDCo Management and Investment Planning Technical Assistance Selection in progress $410,000

Ghana ECG Smart Grid Applications Feasibility Study Selection in progress $646,000

Ghana Aboadze-Domunli-Prestea Transmission Line Feasibility Study Selection in progress $655,000

Namibia NamPower Electricity Generation and Transmission Reverse Trade Mission Core International, Inc. Washington DC $199,990

Nigeria LADOL Electronic Management Platform Technical Assistance Selection in progress $220,000

Nigeria Energy Solutions Definitional Mission Douglas M Shuster dba Emerging Markets Infrastructure, LLC Herndon VA $99,992

Nigeria Main One Cable Company Fiber Optic Desk Study Martin Morell New York NY $5,000

Nigeria Electricity Distribution Sector Reverse Trade Mission The Webster Group, Inc. Washington DC $229,953

Nigeria Main One Cable Company Fiber Optics Expansion Feasibility Study Selection in progress $550,000

Nigeria Gas Based Industrial Complex Desk Study Intratech McLean VA $7,000

Regional SSA Business Development Manager Storage Other Joe Mohollad Moving Woodbridge VA $1,708

Regional SSA Business Development Manager Technical Assistance Jason Nagy Dulles VA $190,000

Regional SSA Contract for Advisory and Assistance Services Technical Assistance Meredith Schuessler Arlington VA $41,317

Regional SSA Contract for Advisory and Assistance Services Technical Assistance Christopher Anthony Giglio Arlington VA $44,668

Regional SSA Agribusiness Reverse Trade Mission The Peoples Group Arlington VA $219,523

Regional SSA Light Aircraft and Helicopter Reverse Trade Mission Koeppen, Elliott & Associates, Ltd. (KEA) Washington DC $240,520

Regional SSA Oil and Natural Gas Sector Definitional Mission Advanced Resources International, Inc. Fairfax VA $75,000

Regional SSA FY 2014 USTDA Regional Office, Johannesburg, South Africa Technical Assistance $226,500

Regional SSA Renewable Energy Definitional Mission 3E Consulting LLC Columbia MD $129,998

Rwanda Banque Nationale du Rwanda ICT Modernization Technical Assistance ICD Corporation Williamstown MA $66,828

South Africa Review of Airside Capacity Enhancements Final Report Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group, Inc. Winter Park FL $5,000

South Africa Ekurhuleni Smart Metering Feasibility Study Selection in progress $695,000

South Africa Western Cape Government Solar PV Project Feasibility Study Selection in progress $545,000

South Africa Mobilizing Private Capital for Africa Roundtable Technical Symposium Department of State – Embassy of South Africa $1,500

South Africa U.S.-South Africa Aviation Training Program – Phase I Training American Association of Airport Executive (AAAE) Alexandria VA $934,917

South Africa Renewable Energy Grid Integration Reverse Trade Mission Business Council for International Understanding (BCIU) Washington DC $255,998

South Africa Ibhubesi Offshore Gas Subsurface Field Development Plan Feasibility Study MHA Petroleum Consultants LLC Denver CO $700,000

South Africa Renewable Energy Definitional Mission Walter I. Serbetci dba ENERCON America Chicago IL $109,000

South Africa Solar Power Training Program Desk Study Montgomery Consulting Group, Inc. Winter Park FL $7,500

South Africa South Africa CSP Solar Power Projects Desk Study Green Powered Technology, LLC Falls Church VA $12,500

South Africa General Province Solar Rooftop PV Desk Study Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ $6,250

Tanzania Kilombero Waste Stream Commercialization Desk Study Walter R. Niessen dba Niessen Consultants Andover MA $3,795

Tanzania Mtwara Generation and Transmission Development Desk Study CORE International Washington DC $7,500

Tanzania Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Development Desk Study Green Powered Technology, LLC Falls Church VA $6,450

Zambia Iyendwe Valley Hydropower Plant Desk Study CORE International Washington DC $5,000

Total for Sub-Saharan Africa: $7,554,408

WORLDWIDE 

Regional Worldwide Travel Insurance Other USI Insurance Services dba USI Affinity Walnut Creek CA $22,499

Regional Worldwide Regional Advisory and Assistance Contractor Technical Assistance Sarah Randolph Arlington VA $45,054

Regional Worldwide Research and Analysis Program Contract Technical Assistance Ascendant Program Services, LLC Silver Spring MD $887,868

Regional Worldwide Power Transmission, Distribution and Smart Grid Applications Desk Study Constant Group, LLC Maywood NJ $78,481

Total for Worldwide: $1,033,902

GRAND TOTAL: $ 41,420,610
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 33

Independent Auditors’ Report 

The Director 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency: 

Report on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying financial statements of the U. S. Trade and Development Agency (“USTDA”), which 

comprise the balance sheets as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, the related statements of net cost, changes in net position, 

and budgetary resources for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements (hereinafter referred to 

as “financial statements”). 

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with U.S. 

generally accepted accounting principles; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control 

relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether 

due to fraud or error. 

Auditors’ Responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in 

accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America; the standards applicable to financial 

audits contained in Government Auditing Standards issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and Office of 

Management and Budget (“OMB”) Bulletin No. 14-02, Audit Requirements for Federal Financial Statements. Those standards 

and OMB Bulletin No. 14-02 require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the 

financial statements are free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. 

The procedures selected depend on the auditors’ judgment, including the assessment of the risk of material misstatement 

of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal 

control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures 

that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of USTDA’s 

internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting 

policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the 

overall presentation of the financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the 

United States Trade and Development Agency as of September 30, 2013 and 2012, and its net costs, changes in net position, 

and budgetary resources for the years then ended in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

KMPG LLP

Suite 12000

1801 K Street, NW

Washington, DC 20006
34 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

Other Matters 

Required Supplementary Information 

U.S. generally accepted accounting principles require that the information in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

section be presented to supplement the basic financial statements. Such information, although not a part of the basic 

financial statements, is required by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board who considers it to be an essential 

part of financial reporting for placing the basic financial statements in an appropriate operational, economic, or historical 

context. We have applied certain limited procedures to the required supplementary information in accordance with auditing 

standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which consisted of inquiries of management about the methods 

of preparing the information and comparing the information for consistency with management’s responses to our inquiries, 

the basic financial statements, and other knowledge we obtained during our audits of the basic financial statements. We do 

not express an opinion or provide any assurance on the information because the limited procedures do not provide us with 

sufficient evidence to express an opinion or provide any assurance. 

Other Information 

Our audits were conducted for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic financial statements as a whole. The Director’s 

message, performance, and other information sections of the USTDA Performance and Accountability Report are presented for 

purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. Such information has not been 

subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements, and accordingly, we do not express 

an opinion or provide any assurance on it. 

Other Reporting Required by Government Auditing Standards 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

In planning and performing our audit of the financial statements, we considered USTDA’s internal control over financial 

reporting (internal control) to determine the audit procedures that are appropriate for the purpose of expressing our opinion 

on the financial statements, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of USTDA’s internal control. 

Accordingly, we do not express an opinion on the effectiveness of USTDA’s internal control. We did not test all internal controls 

relevant to operating objectives as broadly defined by the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act of 1982. 

A deficiency in internal control exists when the design or operation of a control does not allow management or employees, 

in the normal course of performing their assigned functions, to prevent, or detect and correct, misstatements on a timely 

basis. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control, such that there is a reasonable 

possibility that a material misstatement of the entity’s financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected 

on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control that is less severe 

than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention by those charged with governance. 

Our consideration of internal control was for the limited purpose described in the first paragraph of this section and was not 

designed to identify all deficiencies in internal control that might be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies. Given 

these limitations, during our audit we did not identify any deficiencies in internal control that we consider to be material 

weaknesses. However, material weaknesses may exist that have not been identified. 
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 35

Compliance and Other Matters 

As part of obtaining reasonable assurance about whether USTDA’s financial statements are free from material misstatement, we 

performed tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements, noncompliance 

with which could have a direct and material effect on the determination of financial statement amounts, and certain provisions 

of other laws and regulations specified in OMB Bulletin No. 14-02. However, providing an opinion on compliance with those 

provisions was not an objective of our audit, and accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. The results of our tests of 

compliance disclosed no instances of noncompliance or other matters that are required to be reported herein under Government 

Auditing Standards or OMB Bulletin No. 14-02. 

We also performed tests of USTDA’s compliance with certain provisions referred to in Section 803(a) of the Federal Financial 

Management Improvement Act of 1996 (“FFMIA”). Providing an opinion on compliance with FFMIA was not an objective of our 

audit, and accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. The results of our tests of FFMIA disclosed no instances in which 

USTDA’s financial management systems did not substantially comply with the (1) Federal financial management systems 

requirements, (2) applicable Federal accounting standards, and (3) the United States Government Standard General Ledger 

at the transaction level. 

Purpose of the Other Reporting Required by Government Auditing Standards 

The purpose of the communication described in the Other Reporting Required by Government Auditing Standards section is 

solely to describe the scope of our testing of internal control and compliance and the result of that testing, and not to provide 

an opinion on the effectiveness of USTDA’s internal control or compliance. Accordingly, this communication is not suitable 

for any other purpose. 

November 22, 2013 
36 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

ASSETS 2013 2012

Intragovernmental:

Fund balance with Treasury (Note 2) $ 97,489,880 $ 105,936,940

 Total intragovernmental 97,489,880 105,936,940

Accounts receivable, net (Note 3) 3,176 130

General property and equipment, net (Note 4) 563,313 455,258

 Total assets $ 98,056,369 $ 106,392,328

LIABILITIES AND NET POSITION

Liabilities

Intragovernmental:

 Accounts payable (Note 5) $ 767,727 $ 410,012

 Other liabilities (Notes 2 and 5) 39,812 344,960

 Total intragovernmental 807,539 754,972

Accounts payable (Note 5) 5,803,284 6,635,416

Other liabilities (Note 5) 641,909 618,319

 Total liabilities 7,252,732 8,008,707

Net position:

Unexpended appropriations 90,706,792 98,368,749

Cumulative results of operations 96,845 14,872

 Total net position 90,803,637 98,383,621

 Total liabilities and net position $ 98,056,369 $ 106,392,328

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency 

Balance Sheets 

As of September 30, 2013 and 2012
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 37

U.S. Trade and Development Agency 

Statements of Net Cost 

For the Years Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 

2013 2012

Cost of Operations:

Grants program costs $ 51,986,382 $ 54,920,156

Less earned revenue — —

 Net cost of operations (Notes 6 and 11) $ 51,986,382 $ 54,920,156 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 
38 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

U.S. Trade and Development Agency 

Statements of Changes in Net Position 

For the Years Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012

2013 2012

Cumulative results of operations:

Beginning balances $ 14,872 $ (113,836)

Budgetary financing sources

 Appropriations used 51,714,320 54,714,403

Other financing sources:

 Imputed financing 354,035 334,461

 Total financing sources 52,068,355 55,048,864

Net cost of operations (51,986,382) (54,920,156)

Net change 81,973 128,708

 Ending balances $ 96,845 $ 14,872

Unexpended appropriations:

Beginning balances $ 98,368,749 $ 100,017,436

Budgetary financing sources:

 Appropriations received 50,000,000 50,000,000

 Appropriations transferred in 1,511,000 5,700,000

 Other adjustments (rescissions and 

cancellation of expired funds) (7,458,637) (2,634,284) 

 Appropriations used (51,714,320) (54,714,403)

 Total budgetary financing sources (7,661,957) (1,648,687)

 Total unexpended appropriations $ 90,706,792 $ 98,368,749

 Net position $ 90,803,637 $ 98,383,621

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 39

U.S. Trade and Development Agency 

Statements of Budgetary Resources 

For the Years Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 

2013 2012

Budgetary resources:

Unobligated balance, brought forward, October 1 $ 11,333,089 $ 8,001,435

Recoveries of prior year unpaid obligations 9,759,565 7,215,415

Other changes in unobligated balance (3,416,337) 3,065,716

Unobligated balance from prior year budget authority, net 17,676,317 18,282,566

Appropriations (discretionary and mandatory) 47,468,700 50,000,000

Total budgetary resources $ 65,145,017 $ 68,282,566 

Status of budgetary resources:

Obligations incurred (Note 7) $ 56,010,300 $ 56,949,477

Unobligated balance, end of year:

 Apportioned (Notes 2, 8 and 10) 4,671,544 6,478,431

 Unapportioned (Note 2) 4,463,173 4,854,658

Total unobligated balance, end of year 9,134,717 11,333,089

Total budgetary resources $ 65,145,017 $ 68,282,566

Change in obligated balance:

Unpaid obligations, brought forward, October 1 (gross) $ 94,258,891 $ 99,425,899

Obligated balance, start of year (net) 94,258,891 99,425,899

Obligations incurred 56,010,300 56,949,477

Outlays (gross) (52,190,172) (54,901,070)

Recoveries of prior years’ obligations (9,759,565) (7,215,415)

Obligated balance – end of the period 

 Unpaid obligations, end of year (gross) $ 88,319,454 $ 94,258,891

Obligated balance, end of the period (net) (Note 9) $ 88,319,454 $ 94,258,891

Budget Authority and Outlays, Net

Budget Authority, gross (discretionary and mandatory) $ 47,468,700 $ 50,000,000

Budget Authority, net (discretionary and mandatory) 47,468,700 50,000,000

Outlays, gross (discretionary and mandatory) 52,190,172 54,901,070

Outlays, net (discretionary and mandatory) 52,190,172 54,901,070

Distributed offsetting receipts — —

Agency outlays, net (discretionary and mandatory) $ 52,190,172 $ 54,901,070

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 
40 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

(a) Description of Reporting Entity 

USTDA is an independent U.S. government agency administered under the authority of Section 661 of the Foreign 

Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C. §2421). The Agency is not subject to Federal, state or local income 

tax, therefore no provision for income taxes has been recorded in the accompanying financial statements. 

USTDA helps U.S. companies create jobs through export of U.S. goods and services for priority development projects 

in emerging economies. USTDA links U.S. businesses to export opportunities by funding project planning activities, 

pilot projects, and RTMs while creating sustainable infrastructure and economic growth in partner countries. 

The organization was established on July 1, 1981 as the Trade and Development Program (TDP) by delegation 

of authority as a component of the International Development Cooperation Agency (IDCA). In 1988, under the 

Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, the organization was designated a separate component agency of IDCA. 

On October 28, 1992, Congress enacted the Jobs Through Exports Act of 1992, which renamed TDP as the Trade 

and Development Agency and established USTDA as an independent executive branch agency under the foreign 

policy guidance of the Secretary of State. 

(b) Basis of Presentation 

These financial statements have been prepared to report the financial position, net costs, changes in net position, and 

budgetary resources of USTDA, as required by its authorizing legislation Public Law 113-6. These financial statements 

include all activity related to USTDA’s appropriation (No. 11-1001) and reimbursable interagency agreements, whereby 

USTDA receives transfers from other Federal agencies for use in specific regions or sectors. 

(c) Budgets and Budgetary Accounting 

Congress annually adopts a budget appropriation that provides USTDA with authority to use funds from the U.S. 

Treasury to meet operating and program expense requirements. All revenue received from other sources, except 

for appropriations transferred from other Federal agencies, must be returned to the U.S. Treasury. 

(d) Basis of Accounting 

USTDA’s Balance Sheet, Statement of Net Cost, and Statement of Changes in Net Position are prepared using the 

accrual basis of accounting. This basis requires recognition of the financial effects of transactions, events, and 

circumstances in the periods when those transactions, events, and circumstances occur, regardless of when cash 

is received or paid. USTDA also uses budgetary accounting to facilitate compliance with legal constraints and to 

track its budget authority at the various stages of execution, including commitments, obligation, and eventual outlay. 

The Statement of Budgetary Resources is prepared using budgetary accounting methods. 

The standards used in the preparation of the accompanying financial statements are issued by the Federal Accounting 

Standards Advisory Board, which represent accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America 

for U.S. government entities. 

(e) Appropriations and Other Financing Sources 

Appropriations are recognized as a financing source at the time they are authorized and apportioned. Appropriations 

used to fund grant activities and administrative expenses are recognized as expenses and revenue as the resultant 

related expenses are incurred. 

During FY 2012 and FY 2013, USTDA received an appropriation to be used for program and administrative expenses, 

which are available for obligation through September 30, 2013 and 2014, respectively. These funds were appropriated 

in accordance with Title VI of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations 

Act, 2012 and the Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013 (the Act). Beginning with FY 2008 appropriations, 

USTDA’s appropriation acts allow de-obligated funds that were initially obligated prior to their expiration to remain 

available for re-obligation for an additional 4 years from the date on which the availability of such funds would 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 41

otherwise have expired. In FY 2013, USTDA re-apportioned approximately $.3 million of FY 2008 de-obligations, 

approximately $.9 million of FY 2009 de-obligations, and $2.3 million of FY 2010 de-obligations. 

Funds transferred from USAID for Support for East European Democracy Act (SEED), Economic Support Funds 

(ESF), the Freedom Support Act (FSA) and Assistance to Europe, Eurasia, Central America (AAECA) during FY 

2002–2012, are available for re-obligation in the manner described in the preceding paragraph. SEED, ESF, and 

FSA funds for FY 1999–2001 that were initially obligated prior to their expiration remain available for re-obligation 

until cancellation. In FY 2013, USTDA re-apportioned approximately $.6 million of FY 2009 transfer authority 

de-obligations and $.1 million of FY 2010 transfer authority de-obligations. 

(f) Fund Balance with Treasury 

USTDA does not maintain cash in commercial bank accounts. The U.S. Treasury processes cash receipts and 

disbursements. The balance of funds with Treasury primarily represents appropriated funds that are available to 

pay current liabilities and finance authorized purchase commitments relative to goods or services. 

(g) Property and Equipment 

Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. USTDA capitalizes property and equipment 

with an acquisition cost greater than $5,000 and useful life exceeding one year. Depreciation is calculated using the 

straight-line method and is based on an estimated useful life of 10 years for all assets, except computer equipment 

and software, which is depreciated over 5 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the estimated period 

of occupancy or the life of the improvement, whichever is less. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged 

to operating expenses as incurred. 

(h) Liabilities 

Liabilities represent amounts owed by USTDA as the result of transactions or events that have occurred as of fiscal 

year end. Liabilities covered by budgetary or other resources are those liabilities for which Congress has appropriated 

funds or funding is otherwise available to pay amounts owed. Liabilities not covered by budgetary or other resources 

represent amounts owed in excess of available, congressionally appropriated funds or other amounts. The liquidation 

of liabilities not covered by budgetary or other resources is dependent on future congressional appropriations or 

other funding. There is no certainty that Congress will appropriate funds to satisfy such liabilities. 

USTDA has no capital leases. Regarding its building lease, the General Services Administration (GSA) entered into 

a lease agreement for USTDA’s rental of building space. USTDA pays GSA a standard-level users’ charge for the 

annual rental. The standard-level users’ charge approximates the commercial rental rates for similar properties. 

Average annual rent expense and related charges are approximately $1.7 million through 2013. 

(i) Undelivered Orders 

Undelivered orders represent the amount of orders for goods and services outstanding for which funds have been 

obligated, but the liabilities have not been incurred. 

(j) Accrued Leave 

Annual leave is accrued as a liability as it is earned. The liability is reduced as leave is taken. Each year, the balance 

in the accrued annual leave account is adjusted to reflect current year pay rates. To the extent that the current 

or prior year appropriations are not available to fund annual leave earned, but not taken, funding will be obtained 

from future appropriations. USTDA’s handling of annual leave earned, but not taken is compliant with established 

regulations. Sick leave and other types of non-vested leave are charged to expense as the leave is used. 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013
42 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

(k) Cumulative Results of Operations 

Cumulative results of operations represent the difference between net property and equipment and unfunded 

annual leave, plus the net difference between expenses and financing sources since the inception of an activity. 

(l) Retirement Plan 

USTDA’s employees participate in either the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS) or the Federal Employees’ 

Retirement System (FERS). Employees participating in CSRS contribute 7.0 percent of their gross pay to the plan, 

and USTDA contributes 8.51 percent. The cost of providing a CSRS benefit, which is 32.3 percent as computed by 

the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), is more than the amounts contributed by USTDA and its employees. 

In accordance with Statement of Federal Financial Accounting Standard (SFFAS) No. 5, Accounting for Liabilities of the 

Federal Government, USTDA reports the full cost of providing pension benefits to include the cost financed by OPM. 

On January 1, 1987, FERS went into effect pursuant to Public Law 99-335. Most employees hired after December 31, 

1983 are automatically covered by FERS and the Social Security Act. Employees hired prior to January 1, 1984 could 

elect either to join FERS and the Social Security Act or remain in CSRS. A primary feature of FERS is that it offers 

a savings plan in which USTDA automatically contributes 1 percent of employees’ pay and matches any employee 

contribution up to an additional 4 percent of basic pay. For most employees hired since December 31, 1983, USTDA 

also contributes the employer’s matching share under the Social Security Act. For the FERS basic benefit, the 

employees contribute 0.8 percent of their basic pay while USTDA contributes 11.2 percent for a total contribution 

rate of 12 percent. The cost of providing a FERS benefit, as computed by OPM is 14.2 percent. 

The total amount of imputed financing for retirement and other post-retirement benefits paid by OPM for FY 2013 

amounted to $354,035 which includes $129,772 for pension cost for CSRS and FERS; $223,305 for the Federal 

Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program; and $958 for Federal Employees Group Life Insurance (FEGLI). In 

FY 2012, OPM funded $334,461 to pension, health, and life insurance benefits on behalf of USTDA’s employees. 

These amounts are included in USTDA’s FY 2013 and FY 2012 financial statements, respectively. 

The actuarial present value of accumulated benefits, assets available for benefits, and unfunded pension liability of 

CSRS and FERS is not allocated to individual departments and agencies and is therefore not disclosed by USTDA. 

The reporting of these amounts is the responsibility of OPM. USTDA has properly computed this amount and 

recorded a liability for it. 

USTDA paid approximately $553,963 and $521,551 for retirement system coverage for its employees during FY 2013 

and FY 2012, respectively. 

(m) Use of Estimates 

Management has made certain estimates and assumptions when reporting in these financial statements on assets 

and liabilities. They are also used in expenses and note disclosures. Actual results could differ from these estimates. 

Significant estimates underlying the accompanying financial statements include depreciable lives of property and 

equipment with no residual value, and the grants payable accrual. USTDA used a ratio of the average of accounts 

payable to unpaid obligations over a five year period and applied the resulting percentage to calculate the current 

year’s estimate of accounts payable. 

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 43

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013

(2) Fund Balance with Treasury

Fund Balance with Treasury represents USTDA’s undisbursed budgetary authority and funds to be returned to Treasury at 

September 30, 2013 and 2012, as follows:

2013 2012

Fund balances:

Appropriated funds $ 97,454,171 $ 105,591,980

Miscellaneous Receipts 35,709 344,960

 Total $ 97,489,880 $ 105,936,940

Status of fund balance with Treasury:

Unobligated balance:

 Available $ 4,671,544 $ 6,478,431

 Unavailable 4,463,173 4,854,658

Obligated balance not yet disbursed 88,319,454 94,258,891

Non-budgetary 35,709 344,960

 Total $ 97,489,880 $ 105,936,940

Unobligated fund balances are either available or not available. Amounts are reported as not available when they are no 

longer legally available to USTDA for obligation. However, balances that are currently reported as not available can change 

over time, because they may be used to increase the amount of the initial obligation to cover additional expenditures that 

relate to these obligations.

(3) Accounts Receivables

Accounts receivables at September 30, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following components:

2013 2012

Accounts receivable $ 3,176 $ 130 

FY 2013 and FY 2012 accounts receivable represents employee salary compensation to be returned to USTDA; no allowance 

is necessary as the amount is fully collectable.
44 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

(4) Property and Equipment, Net

General property and equipment and related accumulated depreciation balances at September 30, 2013, and 2012 are 

as follows:

September 30, 2013

Class of Asset Service Life

Acquisition

value

Accumulated 

depreciation/ 

amortization

Net 

book value

Computer Equipment 5 years $ 688,638 $ 440,609 $ 248,029

Furniture and Fixtures 10 years 284,179 156,966 127,213

Computer Software 5 years 15,382 5,567 9,815

Other Equipment 10 years 296,094 117,838 178,256

Leasehold Improvements 0 years 113,182 113,182 —

Total property and equipment $ 1,397,475 $ 834,162 $ 563,313

September 30, 2012

Class of Asset Service Life

Acquisition

value

Accumulated 

depreciation/ 

amortization

Net 

book value

Computer Equipment 5 years $ 553,166 $ 363,059 $ 190,107

Furniture and Fixtures 10 years 274,764 176,431 98,333

Computer Software 5 years 10,050 3,023 7,027

Other Equipment 10 years 266,313 106,522 159,791

Leasehold Improvements 0 years 113,182 113,182 —

Total property and equipment $ 1,217,475 $ 762,217 $ 455,258

Depreciation expense for fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 is $141,823 and $153,379, respectively. 

During FY 2013 and 2012, USTDA purchased property and equipment in the amount of $267,284 and $239,296, 

respectively. In addition, during FY 2013 USTDA retired $87,284 in property and equipment with related accumulated 

depreciation amounting to $69,878, representing a loss on disposals of $17,406. During FY2012, USTDA retired $88,008 

in property and equipment with related accumulated depreciation amounting to $79,549, representing a loss on disposals 

of $8,459.

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 45

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013

(5) Liabilities

Total liabilities represent the sum of liabilities not covered by budgetary resources, and those covered by budgetary 

resources. As of September 30, 2013 and 2012, total liabilities were as follows:

2013 2012

Intragovernmental Liabilities:

Liabilities not covered by budgetary resources:

 Miscellaneous receipts to be returned to Treasury $ 35,709 $ 344,960

 Worker’s Compensation 4,103 —

Liabilities covered by budgetary resources:

 Accounts payable 767,727 410,012

 Total intragovernmental liabilities $ 807,539 $ 754,972

Other Liabilities:

Liabilities not covered by budgetary resources:

 Accrued annual leave $ 465,541 $ 440,515

Liabilities covered by budgetary resources:

 Accounts payable 5,803,284 6,635,416

 Accrued payroll 176,368 177,804

 Total other liabilities $ 6,445,193 $ 7,253,735

 Total liabilities $ 7,252,732 $ 8,008,707

All liabilities other than unfunded accrued leave are considered to be current liabilities. Approximately $6 million of 

the accounts payable balance as of September 30, 2013 relates to grants payments owed but unpaid. This balance was 

$6.1 million as of September 30, 2012. 

(6) Intragovernmental Costs and Exchange Revenue

Program costs for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 consists of the following:

Grants Program 2013 2012

Intragovernmental costs $ 2,881,398 $ 2,656,359

Public costs 49,104,984 52,263,797

 Total grant program costs 51,986,382 54,920,156

Intragovernmental earned revenue — —

 Net grant program costs $ 51,986,382 $ 54,920,156
46 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013

(7) Apportionment Categories of Obligations Incurred

During the years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, funds were obligated in the following categories: 

Obligations 2013 2012

Category A – funds that are obligated for operating expenses $ 13,764,322 $ 12,725,724

Category B – funds that are obligated for program activities 42,245,978 44,223,753

 Total obligations incurred $ 56,010,300 $ 56,949,477

(8) Unobligated Balances Available — Apportioned

Total available unobligated balance of budget authority at September 30, 2013 and 2012 consist of the following:

2013 2012

Unrestricted no-year funds $ 325,959 $ 325,959 

Funds transferred from USAID for feasibility studies and related 

activities in the New Independent States (NIS), and Support 

for East European Democracy (SEED) 54,564 49,564

Funds transferred from USAID for feasibility studies and related 

activities in the NIS (Freedom Support Act (FSA) no-year 

funds) 89,773 58,328

 Total no-year funds $ 470,296 $ 433,851

Funds transferred from USAID for feasibility studies and related 

activities in Libya (ESF-MERF) — 41,681

Funds transferred from USAID and reapportioned for feasibility 

studies and related activities in Pakistan (ESF) and regional 

Eurasia (AEECA) 1,323,370 380,987

USTDA core budget two-year appropriations 2,877,878 5,621,912

 Total unobligated and available appropriations $ 4,671,544 $ 6,478,431

(9) Undelivered Orders

At September 30, 2013 and 2012, undelivered orders balances consisted of the following:

Purpose 2013 2012

Obligated balance at the end of the period $ 88,319,454 $ 94,258,891

Liabilities covered by budgetary resources (6,747,379) (7,223,232)

 Undelivered orders $ 81,572,075 $ 87,035,659
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013 47

U.S. Trade and Development Agency

Notes to Financial Statements

September 30, 2013

(10) Permanent Indefinite Appropriations

No-year funds at September 30, 2013 and 2012 exist for the following purposes: 

Purpose 2013 2012

General program activities $ 325,959 $ 325,959

FSA transfer funds for feasibility studies 

and activities in the NIS 89,773 58,328

Support for feasibility studies and activities (NIS and SEED) 54,564 49,564

 Total permanent indefinite appropriations $ 470,296 $ 433,851

(11) Reconciliation of Net Cost to Budget

The following schedule reconciles resources available to USTDA to finance operations and the net cost of operating for 

fiscal years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:

2013 2012

Resources used to finance activities:

Budgetary resources obligated $ 56,010,300 $ 56,949,477

Recoveries of prior years obligations (9,759,565) (7,215,415) 

Imputed financing for costs absorbed by others 354,035 334,461

 Total resources used to finance activities $ 46,604,770 $ 50,068,523

Resources used to finance items not part 

of the net cost of operations:

Change in budgetary resources obligated for goods and 

services ordered, but not received $ 5,463,583 $ 4,980,341

 Resources that finance the acquisition of assets (267,284) (239,296)

Loss on disposition of assets 17,406 8,459

Total resources used to finance items 

not part of the net cost of operations $ 5,213,705 $ 4,749,504

Costs that do not require resources:

Depreciation and amortization $ 141,823 $ 153,379

(Increase)/decrease in accounts receivable (3,045) (42)

Costs that require resources in a future period:

(Decrease)/increase in accrued leave liability 25,026 (51,208)

 (Decrease)/increase in accrued 

worker’s compensation liability 4,103 —

 Total costs that do not require resources $ 167,907 $ 102,129

 Net cost of operations $ 51,986,382 $ 54,920,156
48 U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ANNUAL REPORT 2013

U.S. Trade and Development Agency 

Other Information 

As of and for the Year Ended September 30, 2013

INTRAGOVERNMENTAL ASSETS

As of September 30, 2013

Trading Partner Partner # Accounts Receivable

Fund Balance 

with Treasury

Department of the Treasury 20 $ — $ 97,489,880

Total $ — $ 97,489,880

INTRAGOVERNMENTAL LIABILITIES

As of September 30, 2013

Trading Partner Partner # 

Accounts 

Payable

Fund to be Returned 

to Treasury

Department of Interior 14 $ 25,776 $ —

Department of Labor 16 4,103 —

Department of State 19 175,344 —

Department of Treasury 20 — 35,709

General Services Administration 47 381,000 —

National Archives 88 97 —

Office of Personnel Management 24 851 —

U.S. Foreign Commercial Services 13 184,659 —

Total $ 771,830 $ 35,709

INTRAGOVERNMENTAL EXPENSES 

For the Year Ended September 30, 2013

Trading Partner Partner # Amount

Department of Agriculture 12 $ 3,057

Foreign Service Institute 21 1,320

Department of Homeland Security 70 25,710

Department of Interior (IBC) 14 668,779

Department of State 19 404,927

General Services Administration 47 1,735,869

National Archives 88 1,254

Office of Personnel Management 24 1,072

U.S. Foreign Commercial Services 13 39,220

U.S. Postal Service 18 190

Total $ 2,881,398
USTDA 2013 ANNUAL REPORT PHOTOGRAPHY

Photographs for the 2013 Annual Report were 

taken by the following USTDA staff members:

Leila Aridi Afas

Pinsuda Alexander

Lisa Bonnikson

Ziyang Fan

Peter Hubbard

Paul Marin

Jamie Merriman

Diana Rossiter

Sarah Shapiro

Chris Sheldon

Isabel Sepulveda
U.S. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, SUITE 1600 • ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22209-3901

PHONE: (703) 875-4357 • FAX: (703) 875-4009 • WEBSITE: WWW.USTDA.GOV • E-MAIL: INFO@USTDA.GOV