|USGS-Publications C1177 -- Crushed Cement Concrete Substitution for Construction Aggregates-A Materials Flow AnalysisAn analysis of the substitution of crushed cement concrete for natural
  construction aggregates is performed by using a materials flow diagram
  that tracks all material flows into and out of the cement concrete portion
  of the products made with cement concrete: highways, roads, and buildings.
  Crushed cement concrete is only one of the materials flowing into these
  products, and the amount of crushed cement concrete substituted influences
  the amount of other materials in the flow. Factors such as availability
  and transportation costs, as well as physical properties that can affect
  stability and finishability, influence whether crushed cement concrete
  or construction aggregates should be used or predominate for a particular
  end use.
NOTE:

  
  

  
  This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click
    on the title.
    The document is in PDF format (301K)and requires Adobe Acrobat ReaderTM v. 3.0 or later. Therefore,
    you will need Acrobat Reader 3.0 to view and print. If you do not have
    Acrobat Reader 3.0, you will need to download the program.
    Click here
    to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation
    instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your WWW Browser
    to use Acrobat as a helper application.AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and NoticesU.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
      URL: https://pubsdata.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/1998/c1177/
Questions or Assistance: USGS Web Contact
Page Last Modified: Wed Nov 23 12:09 EDT 2016For more information about this report contact Thomas Kelly kellyt@usgs.gov | An analysis of the substitution of crushed cement concrete for natural
  construction aggregates is performed by using a materials flow diagram
  that tracks all material flows into and out of the cement concrete portion
  of the products made with cement concrete: highways, roads, and buildings.
  Crushed cement concrete is only one of the materials flowing into these
  products, and the amount of crushed cement concrete substituted influences
  the amount of other materials in the flow. Factors such as availability
  and transportation costs, as well as physical properties that can affect
  stability and finishability, influence whether crushed cement concrete
  or construction aggregates should be used or predominate for a particular
  end use.
NOTE:

  
  

  
  This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click
    on the title.
    The document is in PDF format (301K)and requires Adobe Acrobat ReaderTM v. 3.0 or later. Therefore,
    you will need Acrobat Reader 3.0 to view and print. If you do not have
    Acrobat Reader 3.0, you will need to download the program.
    Click here
    to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation
    instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your WWW Browser
    to use Acrobat as a helper application.AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and NoticesU.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
      URL: https://pubsdata.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/1998/c1177/
Questions or Assistance: USGS Web Contact
Page Last Modified: Wed Nov 23 12:09 EDT 2016For more information about this report contact Thomas Kelly kellyt@usgs.gov | An analysis of the substitution of crushed cement concrete for natural
  construction aggregates is performed by using a materials flow diagram
  that tracks all material flows into and out of the cement concrete portion
  of the products made with cement concrete: highways, roads, and buildings.
  Crushed cement concrete is only one of the materials flowing into these
  products, and the amount of crushed cement concrete substituted influences
  the amount of other materials in the flow. Factors such as availability
  and transportation costs, as well as physical properties that can affect
  stability and finishability, influence whether crushed cement concrete
  or construction aggregates should be used or predominate for a particular
  end use. | NOTE:

  
  

  
  This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click
    on the title.
    The document is in PDF format (301K)and requires Adobe Acrobat ReaderTM v. 3.0 or later. Therefore,
    you will need Acrobat Reader 3.0 to view and print. If you do not have
    Acrobat Reader 3.0, you will need to download the program.
    Click here
    to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation
    instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your WWW Browser
    to use Acrobat as a helper application. | AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and Notices                                                                                                                                                                | U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
      URL: https://pubsdata.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/1998/c1177/
Questions or Assistance: USGS Web Contact
Page Last Modified: Wed Nov 23 12:09 EDT 2016 | 
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 
|An analysis of the substitution of crushed cement concrete for natural
  construction aggregates is performed by using a materials flow diagram
  that tracks all material flows into and out of the cement concrete portion
  of the products made with cement concrete: highways, roads, and buildings.
  Crushed cement concrete is only one of the materials flowing into these
  products, and the amount of crushed cement concrete substituted influences
  the amount of other materials in the flow. Factors such as availability
  and transportation costs, as well as physical properties that can affect
  stability and finishability, influence whether crushed cement concrete
  or construction aggregates should be used or predominate for a particular
  end use.
NOTE:

  
  

  
  This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click
    on the title.
    The document is in PDF format (301K)and requires Adobe Acrobat ReaderTM v. 3.0 or later. Therefore,
    you will need Acrobat Reader 3.0 to view and print. If you do not have
    Acrobat Reader 3.0, you will need to download the program.
    Click here
    to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation
    instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your WWW Browser
    to use Acrobat as a helper application.AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and NoticesU.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
      URL: https://pubsdata.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/1998/c1177/
Questions or Assistance: USGS Web Contact
Page Last Modified: Wed Nov 23 12:09 EDT 2016For more information about this report contact Thomas Kelly kellyt@usgs.gov                                                                                                                      | An analysis of the substitution of crushed cement concrete for natural
  construction aggregates is performed by using a materials flow diagram
  that tracks all material flows into and out of the cement concrete portion
  of the products made with cement concrete: highways, roads, and buildings.
  Crushed cement concrete is only one of the materials flowing into these
  products, and the amount of crushed cement concrete substituted influences
  the amount of other materials in the flow. Factors such as availability
  and transportation costs, as well as physical properties that can affect
  stability and finishability, influence whether crushed cement concrete
  or construction aggregates should be used or predominate for a particular
  end use.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           | NOTE:

  
  

  
  This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click
    on the title.
    The document is in PDF format (301K)and requires Adobe Acrobat ReaderTM v. 3.0 or later. Therefore,
    you will need Acrobat Reader 3.0 to view and print. If you do not have
    Acrobat Reader 3.0, you will need to download the program.
    Click here
    to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation
    instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your WWW Browser
    to use Acrobat as a helper application.                                                                                                                                                                                                               | AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and Notices                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
      URL: https://pubsdata.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/1998/c1177/
Questions or Assistance: USGS Web Contact
Page Last Modified: Wed Nov 23 12:09 EDT 2016 |                                                                                                                                                                                                            
|An analysis of the substitution of crushed cement concrete for natural
  construction aggregates is performed by using a materials flow diagram
  that tracks all material flows into and out of the cement concrete portion
  of the products made with cement concrete: highways, roads, and buildings.
  Crushed cement concrete is only one of the materials flowing into these
  products, and the amount of crushed cement concrete substituted influences
  the amount of other materials in the flow. Factors such as availability
  and transportation costs, as well as physical properties that can affect
  stability and finishability, influence whether crushed cement concrete
  or construction aggregates should be used or predominate for a particular
  end use.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | NOTE:

  
  

  
  This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click
    on the title.
    The document is in PDF format (301K)and requires Adobe Acrobat ReaderTM v. 3.0 or later. Therefore,
    you will need Acrobat Reader 3.0 to view and print. If you do not have
    Acrobat Reader 3.0, you will need to download the program.
    Click here
    to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation
    instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your WWW Browser
    to use Acrobat as a helper application.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
|AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and Notices                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
|U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey
      URL: https://pubsdata.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/1998/c1177/
Questions or Assistance: USGS Web Contact
Page Last Modified: Wed Nov 23 12:09 EDT 2016                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |