# Recommendations for aNew ADAAG

## ADAAG Review Advisory Committee

### Final ReportSeptember 30, 1996

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## INTRODUCTION

This report represents the final recommendations of the ADAAG Review Advisory Committeeto the US Access Board for revisions to the Americans with Disabilities Act AccessibilityGuidelines *(ADAAG)*. This final report is presented in the form of a new set ofguidelines. 

***NOTE: This report is a set of recommendations from the Advisory Committee to theUS Access Board. Any proposed revisions to ADAAG will be made through the federalrulemaking process. This report is not part of any rulemaking.***

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## RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FORMAT OF THE NEW ADAAG

In addition to the scoping and technical provisions presented in this report, theAdvisory Committee also recommends a new format for the next edition of ADAAG.Recommendations regarding dimensions, defined terms, language style, and numbering arealready incorporated in the report; they are specified here for use by the Access Board.This report does not incorporate the Committee recommendations for layout; figures andcommentary were not fully addressed by the Committee. Recommendations for layout, figuresand commentary are for use by the Access Board in developing the next final ADAAG.

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## TABLE OF CONTENTS

- CHAPTER 1: APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION    - 101 Purpose
  - 102 Provisions for Adults
  - 103 Equivalent Facilitation
  - 104 Dimensional Tolerances
  - 105 Referenced Standards
  - 106 Definitions 
- CHAPTER 2: SCOPING REQUIREMENTS    - 201 Application
  - 202 Application to Existing Buildings and Facilities
  - 203 General Exceptions
  - 204 Protruding Objects
  - 205 Controls and Operating Mechanisms
  - 206 Accessible Routes
  - 207 Accessible Means of Egress
  - 208 Parking Spaces
  - 209 Passenger Loading Zones
  - 210 Stairways
  - 211 Drinking Fountains and Water Coolers
  - 212 Sinks
  - 213 Toilet and Bathing Facilities
  - 214 Laundry Equipment
  - 215 Fire Alarm Systems
  - 216 Signs
  - 217 Telephones
  - 218 Transportation Facilities
  - 219 Assistive Listening Systems
  - 220 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines
  - 221 Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Seating
  - 222 Dressing, Fitting and Locker Rooms
  - 223 Medical Care Facility Patient or Resident Sleeping Rooms
  - 224 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms
  - 225 Self-Service Storage Facilities
  - 226 Seating at Tables, Counters and Work Surfaces
  - 227 Sales and Service Counters
  - 228 Storage
  - 229 Vending Machines and Similar Equipment 
- CHAPTER 3: BUILDING BLOCKS    - 301 General
  - 302 Floor or Ground Surfaces
  - 303 Changes in Level
  - 304 Wheelchair Turning Space
  - 305 Clear Floor or Ground Space
  - 306 Knee and Toe Clearance
  - 307 Protruding Objects
  - 308 Reach Ranges
  - 309 Controls and Operating Mechanisms 
- CHAPTER 4: ACCESSIBLE ROUTES AND ACCESSIBLE MEANS OF    EGRESS    - 401 General
  - 402 Accessible Routes
  - 403 Walking Surfaces
  - 404 Doors and Doorways
  - 405 Ramps
  - 406 Curb Ramps
  - 407 Elevators
  - 408 Wheelchair (Platform) Lifts
  - 409 Accessible Means of Egress
  - 410 Areas of Refuge 
- CHAPTER 5: GENERAL SITE AND BUILDING ELEMENTS    - 501 General
  - 502 Parking Spaces
  - 503 Passenger Loading Zones
  - 504 Stairways
  - 505 Handrails 
- CHAPTER 6: PLUMBING ELEMENTS AND FACILITIES    - 601 General
  - 602 Drinking Fountains and Water Coolers
  - 603 Toilet and Bathing Rooms
  - 604 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments
  - 605 Urinals
  - 606 Lavatories and Sinks
  - 607 Bathtubs
  - 608 Shower Compartments
  - 609 Grab Bars
  - 610 Seats
  - 611 Laundry Equipment 
- CHAPTER 7: COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS AND FEATURES    - 701 General
  - 702 Fire Alarm Systems
  - 703 Signs
  - 704 Telephones
  - 705 Detectable Warnings
  - 706 Assistive Listening Systems
  - 707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines 
- CHAPTER 8: SPECIAL ROOMS AND SPACES    - 801 General
  - 802 Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Areas
  - 803 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms
  - 804 Medical Care Facility Patient or Resident Sleeping Rooms
  - 805 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms 
- CHAPTER 9: BUILT-IN FURNISHINGS AND EQUIPMENT    - 901 General
  - 902 Seating at Tables, Counters and Work Surfaces
  - 903 Benches
  - 904 Sales and Service Counters
  - 905 Storage 
- CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES    - 1001 General
  - 1002 Bus Stops and Terminals
  - 1003 Fixed Facilities and Stations
  - 1004 Airports 
- **RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FORMAT**

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## CHAPTER 1: APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION

### 101 Purpose

These guidelines provide scoping and technical requirements for accessibility to *sites*,*facilities*,*buildings*, and *elements* by individuals with disabilities.These requirements are to be applied during the design, construction, and *alteration*of *sites*, *facilities*,*buildings*, and *elements* to the extentrequired by regulations issued by Federal agencies under the Americans with DisabilitiesAct of 1990. 

### 102 Provisions for Adults

The technical requirements in these guidelines are based upon adult dimensions andanthropometrics.****

### 103 Equivalent Facilitation

Nothing in these guidelines is intended to prevent the use of designs or technologiesas alternatives to those prescribed in this document, provided they provide equivalent orsuperior accessibility and usability.

### 104 Dimensional Tolerances

Dimensions that are not stated as "maximum" or "minimum" areabsolute. All dimensions are subject to conventional industry tolerances.

### 105 Referenced Standards

**105.1 General.**The standards referenced in these guidelines and listed in 105.2shall be considered part of the requirements of these guidelines to the prescribed extentof each such reference. References to standards within the technical and scopingrequirements shall apply to the specific edition of the reference standard listed in105.2. Where differences occur between provisions of these guidelines and referencedstandards, the provisions of these guidelines shall apply. 

#### 105.2 Referenced Standards. 

**105.2.1 Power Operated Pedestrian Doors.** ANSI/BHMA A156.10-1996.

**105.2.2 Power-Assist and Low-Energy Power Operated Doors.** ANSI/BHMAA156.19-1996.

**105.2.3 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators.**ASME/ANSI A17.1-1993,(including Addenda ASME/ANSI A17.1a-1994 and ASME/ANSI A17.1b-1995)****

### 106 Definitions

**106.1 General.**Terms defined in 106.5 shall have the specified meaning forpurposes of this document, unless otherwise stated. 

**106.2 Terms Defined in Referenced Standards.** Terms not defined in this section,but specifically defined in a referenced standard, shall have the specified meaning fromthe referenced standard, unless otherwise stated. 

**106.3 Undefined Terms.** The meaning of terms not specifically defined in thisdocument or in referenced standards shall be as defined by collegiate dictionaries in thesense that the context implies.

**106.4 Interchangeability.**Words, terms and phrases used in the singular includesthe plural and the plural the singular.

#### 106.5 Defined Terms

**Accessible.** A *site*, *building*, *facility*, or portion thereofthat complies with these guidelines. 

**Accessible Means of Egress.** Means of egress is a continuous and unobstructed wayof exit travel from any point in a *building* or *facility* to a public way. An*accessible means of egress* is one that provides an *accessible route* to an *areaof refuge*, a horizontal exit or a public way. 

**Accessible Route.** A continuous unobstructed path that complies with theseguidelines.

**Addition.** An expansion, extension, or increase in the gross floor area of a *building*or *facility*.

**Administrative Authority.** A governmental agency that adopts or enforcesregulations and guidelines for the design, construction, or *alteration* of *buildings*and*facilities*. 

**Alteration.** A change to a *building* or *facility* that affects orcould affect the usability of the *building* or*facility* or part thereof. *Alterations*include, but are not limited to, remodeling, renovation, rehabilitation, reconstruction,historic restoration, changes or rearrangement of the structural parts or *elements*,and changes or rearrangement in the plan configuration of walls and full-heightpartitions. Normal maintenance, reroofing, painting or wallpapering, or changes tomechanical and electrical systems are not *alterations* unless they affect theusability of the *building* or *facility*. 

**Area of Refuge**. An area where people who are unable to use stairs may remaintemporarily to await further instructions or assistance during emergency evacuation.

**Assembly Area.** A room or *space* accommodating a group of individuals forrecreational, educational, political, social, or amusement purposes, or for theconsumption of food and drink.

**Automatic Door.** A door equipped with a power-operated mechanism and controlsthat open and close the door automatically upon receipt of a momentary actuating signal(see *power-assisted door*). 

**Building.** Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use oroccupancy.

**Characters**: Letters, numbers, punctuation marks and typographic symbols. 

**Circulation Path.** An exterior or interior way of passage from one place toanother for pedestrians, including, but not limited to, *walks*, hallways,courtyards, stairways, and stair landings. 

**Closed Circuit Telephone.** A telephone with a dedicated line such as a housephone, courtesy phone or phone that must be used to gain entrance to a *facility*. 

**Common Use.** Interior and exterior rooms, *spaces*, or*elements* thatare made available for the use of a restricted group of people such as the occupants of ahomeless shelter, the occupants of an office building, or the guests of such occupants. 

**Controls and Operating Mechanisms.** A component of an *element* by which theuser activates, deactivates, or adjusts the *element*.

**Cross Slope.** The slope that is perpendicular to the direction of travel (see *runningslope*). 

**Curb Ramp.** A short *ramp* cutting through a curb or built up to it. 

**Destination-oriented Elevator.** An elevator system that provides lobby controlsto select floor stops, lobby indicators designating which elevator to use and a carindicator designating the floors at which the car will stop. 

**Detectable Warning.** A standardized surface feature built in or applied towalking surfaces or other *elements* to warn visually impaired people of hazards on a*circulation path*. 

**Dwelling Unit.** A single unit which provides a kitchen or food preparation area,in addition to rooms and*spaces* for living, bathing and sleeping. *Dwelling units*include a single family home or a townhouse used as a transient group home; an apartmentbuilding used as a shelter; guest rooms in a hotel that provide *sleeping accommodations*and food preparation areas; and other similar *facilities* used on a transient basis.For purposes of these guidelines, use of the term *dwelling unit* does not imply theunit is used as a residence. 

**Element.** An architectural or mechanical component of a *building*, *facility*,*space*, or *site*. 

**Entrance.** Any access point to a *building* or portion of a*building*or *facility* used for the purpose of entering. An*entrance* includes theapproach *walk*, the vertical access leading to the *entrance* platform, the *entrance*platform itself, vestibule if provided, the entry door or gate, and the hardware of theentry door or gate. 

**Facility.** All or any portion of *buildings*, structures, *site*improvements, complexes, equipment, roads, *walks*, passageways, parking lots, orother real or personal property located on a *site*.

**Ground Floor.** Any *occupiable* floor less than one*story* above orbelow grade with direct access to grade. A *building* or *facility* always hasat least one *ground floor* and may have more than one *ground floor* such aswhere a split level *entrance* has been provided or where a *building* is builtinto a hillside. 

**Mezzanine.** That portion of a *story* which is an intermediate floor levelplaced within the *story* and having *occupiable**space* above and belowits floor. 

**Marked Crossing.** A crosswalk or other identified path intended for pedestrianuse in crossing a *vehicular way*. 

**Occupiable.** A room or enclosed *space* designed for human occupancy.

**Pictogram:** A pictorial symbol which is recognized as representing activities, *facilities*,or concepts. 

**Power-assisted Door.** A door used for human passage with a mechanism that helpsto open the door, or relieves the opening resistance of a door, upon the activation of aswitch or a continued force applied to the door itself. (See *automatic door*.)

**Public Entrance.** An *entrance* that is not a *service entrance*.

**Public Use.** Interior or exterior rooms or *spaces* that are made availableto the general public. Public use may be provided at a *building* or *facility*that is privately or publicly owned.

**Qualified Historic Building or Facility.**A *building* or *facility*that is listed in or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places; ordesignated as historic under an appropriate State or local law.

**Ramp.** A walking surface which has a *running slope* steeper than 1:20. 

**Running Slope.** The slope that is parallel to the direction of travel (see *crossslope*). 

**Self-Service Storage Facility.** Real property designed and used for the purposeof renting or leasing individual storage *spaces* to customers for the purpose ofstoring and removing personal property on a self-service basis. 

**Service Entrance.** An *entrance* intended primarily for delivery of goods orservices. 

**Sign.** An architectural *element* composed of displayed text, symbolic, *tactile*or pictorial information.

**Site.** A parcel of land bounded by a property line or a designated portion of apublic right-of- way. 

**Sleeping Accommodations.** Rooms in which people sleep, such as dormitory andhotel or motel guest rooms or suites. 

**Space.** A definable area, such as a room, toilet room, hall, *assembly area*,*entrance*, storage room, alcove, courtyard, or lobby. 

**Story.** That portion of a *building* included between the upper surface of afloor and upper surface of the floor or roof next above. A *story* containing one ormore*mezzanines* has more than one floor level. 

**Structural Frame.** The columns and the girders, beams, trusses and spandrelshaving direct connections to the columns and all other members which are essential to thestability of the *building* as a whole. 

**Tactile.** An object that can be perceived using the sense of touch. 

**Technically Infeasible.** With respect to an *alteration* of a *building*or a *facility*, something that has little likelihood of being accomplished becauseexisting structural conditions would require removing or altering a load-bearing memberwhich is an essential part of the*structural frame*; or because other existingphysical or*site* constraints prohibit modification or addition of*elements*, *spaces*,or features which are in full and strict compliance with the minimum requirements for newconstruction and which are necessary to provide accessibility. 

**TTY.** Machinery or equipment that employs interactive graphic (typed)communications through the transmission of coded signals across the standard telephonenetwork. The term *TTY* also refers to devices known as text telephones and TDD's. 

**Transient Lodging.** A *building*, *facility*, or portion thereof,excluding inpatient medical care *facilities* and long term care *facilities*,that contains one or more*dwelling units* or *sleeping accommodations*.Examples of *transient lodging* include resorts, group homes, hotels, motels,dormitories, homeless shelters, halfway houses and social service lodging. 

**Vehicular Way.** A route intended for vehicular traffic, such as a street,driveway, or parking lot. 

**Walk.** An exterior pathway with a prepared surface intended for pedestrian use,including general pedestrian areas such as plazas and courts. 

**Wheelchair Space.***Space* for a single wheelchair and its occupant. 

**Wheelchair Space Cluster.** Locations of two or more adjacent *wheelchair spaces*along with companion seating in *assembly areas*. 

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## CHAPTER 2: SCOPING REQUIREMENTS

### 201 Application

- 201.1 Scope.  All areas of newly designed or newly constructed  buildings     and  facilities  and  altered  portions of existing  buildings  and  facilities     shall comply with these guidelines.
- EXCEPTION:  These guidelines do not apply to an establishment located within a  building     that contains not more than five rooms for rent or hire that is occupied by the proprietor    of such establishment as the residence of such proprietor. 

**201.2 Application Based on Building Use.** Where a*site*,*building*, or *facility* contains more than one use, each portion shall complywith the applicable requirements for that use. 

**201.3 Temporary Structures.** These guidelines cover temporary*buildings* and *facilities* as well as permanent*facilities*. 

### 202 Application to Existing Buildings and Facilities

**202.1 General.***Additions* and *alterations* toexisting*buildings* or *facilities*, including *qualified historic buildingsand facilities*, shall comply with these guidelines except as modified by 202. 

**202.2 Additions.**Each *addition* to an existing *building*or *facility* shall comply with the requirements for new construction. Each *addition*that affects or could affect the usability of an area containing a primary function shallcomply with 202.4. - 202.3 Alterations.  Where existing  elements  or  spaces     are  altered , each  altered  element  or  space  shall comply with    the applicable provisions of this chapter. 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Altered  elements  or  spaces  are not required to be located on an  accessible        route , unless required by  202.4 . 
  - In  alterations , where compliance with applicable provisions is  technically        infeasible , the  alteration  shall provide accessibility to the maximum extent        feasible. Any  elements  or  spaces  of the  building  or  facility         that are being  altered  and can be made  accessible  shall be made  accessible         within the scope of the  alteration . 

**202.3.1 Prohibited Reduction in Access.**An*alteration*that decreases or has the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a *building* or *facility*below the requirements for new construction at the time of *alteration* isprohibited. 

**202.3.2 Extent of Application.**An *alteration* of anexisting *element*, *space*, or area of a *building* or*facility*shall not impose a requirement for greater accessibility than that which would be requiredfor new construction. - 202.4 Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas.  In    addition to the requirements of  202.3 , an  alteration     that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary    function shall be made so as to ensure that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of    travel to the  altered  area and the restrooms, telephones, and drinking fountains    serving the  altered  area, are readily  accessible  to and usable by    individuals with disabilities, unless such  alterations  are disproportionate to the    overall  alterations  in terms of cost and scope as determined under criteria    established by the Attorney General. 
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement does not apply where the  alteration  work is    limited solely to the electrical, mechanical, or plumbing system, or to hazardous material    abatement, or automatic sprinkler retrofitting, and does not involve the  alteration     of any  elements  or  spaces  required to be  accessible  under these    guidelines. 
- 202.5 Alterations to Qualified Historic Buildings and Facilities.     Alterations  to a  qualified historic building or facility  shall comply    with  202.3  and  202.4 . 
- EXCEPTION:  Where alternative requirements are permitted in accordance with the    procedures in 202.5.1 or 202.5.2. 

**202.5.1 Procedures for Alterations to Qualified HistoricBuildings and Facilities Subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act**.Where *alterations* are undertaken to a *qualified historic building or facility*that is subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, the Federalagency with jurisdiction over the undertaking shall follow the Section 106 process. Wherethe State Historic Preservation Officer or Advisory Council on Historic Preservationdetermines that compliance with the requirements for *accessible routes*, *ramps*,*entrances*, or toilet *facilities* would threaten or destroy the historicsignificance of the *building* or*facility*, the alternative requirements forthat*element* shall apply.

**202.5.2 Alterations to Qualified Historic Buildings andFacilities Not Subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act.** Where*alterations* are undertaken to a*qualified historic building or facility* thatis not subject to section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, and the entityundertaking the *alterations* believes that compliance with the requirements for*accessible routes*, *ramps*, *entrances*, or toilet*facilities* wouldthreaten or destroy the historic significance of the *building* or *facility*,the entity shall consult with the State Historic Preservation Officer. Where the StateHistoric Preservation Officer determines that compliance with the accessibilityrequirements for *accessible routes*,*ramps*, *entrances* or toilet *facilities*would threaten or destroy the historical significance of the *building* or *facility*,the alternative requirements for that*element* shall apply.

**202.5.2.1 Consultation With Interested Persons.**Interested persons shall be invited to participate in the consultation process, includingState or local accessibility officials, individuals with disabilities, and organizationsrepresenting individuals with disabilities.

**202.5.2.2 Certified Local Government Historic PreservationPrograms.** Where the State Historic Preservation Officer has delegated the consultationresponsibility for purposes of this section to a local government historic preservationprogram that has been certified in accordance with section 101(c) of the National HistoricPreservation Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470a (c)) and implementing regulations (36 CFR 61.5),the responsibility shall be permitted to be carried out by the appropriate localgovernment body or official.
203 General Exceptions
**203.1 General.***Sites*, *buildings*, *facilities*and *elements* shall be exempt from these guidelines to the extent specified by 203.

**203.2 Construction Sites.**Structures, *sites* andequipment directly associated with the actual processes of construction, including, butnot limited to scaffolding, bridging, materials hoists, materials storage, or constructiontrailers are not required to be *accessible*. Portable toilet units provided for useexclusively by construction personnel on a construction *site* are not required to be*accessible*. 

**203.3 Employee Work Stations.**Individual employee workstations are not required to be *accessible* but shall be located on an *accessibleroute*.

**203.4 Raised Areas.**Raised areas used primarily for purposesof security, life safety, or fire safety, including but not limited to observationgalleries, prison guard towers, fire towers, or life guard stands are not required to be *accessible*or to be served by an *accessible route*.

**203.5 Limited Access Spaces.***Spaces* accessed only byladders, catwalks, crawl spaces, very narrow passageways, or tunnels are not required tobe*accessible*. 

**203.6 Equipment Spaces.***Spaces* frequented only byservice personnel for maintenance, repair, or occasional monitoring of equipment are notrequired to be*accessible*. Such *spaces* include but are not limited toelevator pits, elevator penthouses, mechanical, electrical, or communications equipmentrooms, piping or equipment catwalks, water or sewage treatment pump rooms and stations,electric substations and transformer vaults, and highway and tunnel utility *facilities*.

**203.7 Single Occupant Structures.**Single occupant structuresaccessed only by passageways below grade or elevated above grade, including but notlimited to toll booths that are accessed only by underground tunnels, are not required tobe *accessible*.
204 Protruding Objects 
**204.1 General.**Protruding objects on *circulation paths*shall comply with 307.
205 Controls and Operating Mechanisms
**205.1 General.***Controls and operating mechanisms* on *accessibleroutes* and in *accessible* rooms and*spaces* shall comply with 309.
206 Accessible Routes
**206.1 General.*Accessible routes* shall be provided inaccordance with 206.
**206.2 Where Required.*Accessible routes* shall beprovided where required by 206.2.1 through 206.2.7 and shall comply with Chapter 4.- 206.2.1 Site Arrival Points.  At least one  accessible    route  shall be provided within the boundary of the  site  from public    transportation stops,  accessible  parking spaces, passenger loading zones, and    public streets or sidewalks, to the  accessible  building  entrance  they    serve. 
- EXCEPTION:  In  alterations  to  qualified historic buildings or facilities     permitted by  202.5  to use alternative requirements, at    least one  accessible route  from a  site  access point to an  accessible  entrance     shall be provided. 
- 206.2.2  Within a Site.  At least one  accessible    route  shall connect  accessible  buildings ,  accessible facilities ,  accessible  elements , and  accessible spaces  that are on the same  site .
- EXCEPTION :  An  accessible route  is not required between  accessible  facilities     that have as the only means of access between them, a  vehicular way  not provided    for pedestrian access.
- 206.2.3 Multi-level Buildings and Facilities.  At least one  accessible    route  shall connect each level, including  mezzanines , in multi- story  buildings     and  facilities . 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - An  accessible route  is not required to levels located        above or below the  accessible  level in  buildings  or  facilities  that        are less than three  stories  or that have less than 3000 square feet per  story         unless the  building  is a shopping center, a shopping mall, or the professional        office of a health care provider, or another type of  facility  as determined by the        Attorney General.
  - In  alterations  to  qualified historic buildings or facilities  where        alternative requirements are permitted by  202.5 , an  accessible        route  from an  accessible  entrance  to all publicly used  spaces  on        at least the level of the  accessible entrance  shall be provided. 

**206.2.3.1 Stairs and Escalators in Existing Buildings.**In*alterations* and *additions*, where an escalator or stair is provided wherenone existed previously and major structural modifications are necessary for suchinstallation, an *accessible route* shall be provided between the levels served bythe escalator or stair, unless exempted by 206.2.3. - 206.2.4 Accessible Spaces and Elements.  At least one  accessible    route  shall connect  accessible building  or  facility  entrances     with all  accessible spaces  and  elements  within the  building  or  facility     which are otherwise connected by a  circulation path .
- EXCEPTION:  An  accessible route  is not required between levels where    exempted by  206.2.3 . 
- 206.2.5 Restaurants and Cafeterias.  In restaurants and    cafeterias, an  accessible route  shall be provided to all dining areas, including    raised or sunken dining areas, and outdoor seating areas.
- EXCEPTIONS:    - In  buildings  without elevators, an  accessible route  to a  mezzanine         dining area is not required, provided that the  mezzanine  contains less than 25% of        the total area for seating and dining and the same services are provided in the  accessible         area.
  - In  alterations , accessibility to raised or sunken dining areas, or to all parts        of outdoor seating areas is not required provided that the same services and decor are        provided in an  accessible  space  usable by the general public and not        restricted to use by people with disabilities. 

**206.2.6 Performance Areas.**An *accessible route*shall be provided****where a *circulation path* directly connects a performancearea to an assembly seating area. An *accessible route* shall be provided fromperformance areas to ancillary areas or *facilities* used by performers. In *alterations*,where it is*technically infeasible* to alter all performance areas to be on an *accessibleroute*, at least one of each type of performance area shall be made *accessible*.

**206.2.7 Raised Platforms.**In banquet rooms or*spaces*where a head table or speaker's lectern is located on a raised platform, an *accessibleroute* shall be provided to the platform. Open edges of the raised platform shall beobstructed by placement of tables or provided with edge protection complying with 405.9. 

**206.3 Location.*Accessible routes* shall coincide withor be located in the same area as a general *circulation path*. Where the *circulationpath* is interior, the*accessible route* shall also be interior. - 206.4 Entrances.  Accessible  entrances  shall be    provided in accordance with 206.4.1 through 206.4.6. 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Where an  alteration  includes  alterations  to an  entrance , and the  building         has an  accessible  entrance , the  altered  entrance  is not        required to be  accessible , unless required by  202.4 .         Signs  complying with  206.4.6  shall be provided.
  - In  alterations  to  qualified historic buildings or facilities  permitted by  202.5  to use alternative requirements, at least one  accessible         public  entrance  shall be provided. Where no public  entrance  can be made  accessible ,        then an unlocked  entrance  not used by the general public shall be made  accessible .        The  accessible  entrance  shall have a notification system or shall be        provided with remote monitoring.  Signs  complying with  206.4.6  shall be provided at the primary  entrance         and at the  accessible  entrance . 

**206.4.1 Parking Garage Entrances.**Where direct access to a*building* is provided for pedestrians from an enclosed parking garage, at least onedirect *entrance* from the garage to the*building* shall be *accessible*. 

**206.4.2 Entrances from Tunnels or Elevated Walkways.** Wheredirect access is provided for pedestrians from a pedestrian tunnel or elevated walkway toa *building*, at least one direct *entrance* to the *building* from eachtunnel or walkway shall be *accessible*. 

**206.4.3 Public Entrances.**In addition to*accessible**entrances* required by 206.4.1 and 206.4.2, at least 50 percent of all other public*entrances* shall be *accessible*. At least one*accessible**entrance*shall be a *ground floor entrance*. 

**206.4.4 Tenant Spaces.**At least one *accessible entrance*shall be provided to each tenancy in a*facility*. 

**206.4.5 Service Entrances.**If a *service entrance* isthe only *entrance* to a *building* or to a tenancy in a*facility*, that *entrance*shall be *accessible*. 

**206.4.6 Signs.** Where not all *entrances* are*accessible*, *accessible**entrances* shall be identified by theInternational Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7and directional *signs* indicating the location of the nearest *accessible entrance*shall be provided at inaccessible*entrances*. Directional *signs* shall complywith 703.4. No *signs* are required where all *entrances*are *accessible*. 

**206.5 Doors and Doorways.***Accessible* doors anddoorways shall be provided in accordance with 206.5.1 and 206.5.2 and shall comply with404. 

**206.5.1 Accessible Entrances.**Each *accessible entrance*to a *building* or *facility* shall have at least one *accessible* door ordoorway. 

**206.5.2 Accessible Rooms and Spaces.**Within a*building*or *facility*, at least one door or doorway serving each *accessible* room or *space*shall be*accessible*. - 206.6 Elevators.  New passenger elevators shall comply with  407.2  or  407.3 . Where    multiple elevators are provided, each passenger elevator shall comply with  407.2  or  407.3 .
- EXCEPTION:  Where an elevator is provided in a  building  or  facility     eligible for the exceptions to  206.2.3 , the elevator    shall comply with  407.2 ,  407.3     or  407.4 . 

**206.6.1 Existing Elevators.***Altered**elements*of existing elevators shall comply with 407.5. Such*elements* shall also be *altered* in all elevators that are programmed to respondto the same hall call control as the *altered* elevator and shall comply with therequirements of 407.5.

**206.7 Wheelchair (Platform) Lifts.**Wheelchair (platform)lifts shall be permitted as a component of an*accessible route* in new constructionas permitted by 206.7.1 through 206.7.3, and shall comply with 408.Wheelchair (platform) lifts provided as a component of an *accessible route* in anexisting *building* shall comply with 408. 

**206.7.1 Performance Areas.**Wheelchair (platform) liftsshall be permitted to provide an*accessible route* to a performance area in anassembly occupancy. 

**206.7.2 Wheelchair Spaces.**Wheelchair (platform) liftsshall be permitted to comply with the *wheelchair space* dispersion and line-of-sightrequirements of 221 and 802.

**206.7.3 Incidental Spaces.** Wheelchair (platform) liftsshall be permitted to provide an *accessible route* to incidental *occupiable**spaces*and rooms which are not open to the general public and which are occupied by five personsmaximum, including but not limited to equipment control rooms and projection booths. 
207 Accessible Means of Egress- 207.1 General.  All  accessible  spaces  shall be provided with not    less than one  accessible means of egress . Where more than one means of egress is    required from any  accessible  space , each  accessible  portion of the     space  shall be served by not less than two  accessible means of egress .  Accessible    means of egress  shall comply with 409.
- EXCEPTIONS.    - Areas of refuge  are not required in  buildings  or  facilities         protected throughout by a supervised automatic sprinkler system. 
  - Areas of refuge  are not required in open parking garages. 
  - Accessible means of egress  and  areas of refuge  are not required in  alterations         to existing  buildings . 

**207.2 Elevators.**In *buildings* where a required*accessible* floor is four or more *stories* above or below a level of exitdischarge, at least one required *accessible means of egress* shall be an elevatorcomplying with 409.3.

**207.3 Signs.**At exit stairways and elevators serving arequired *accessible**space*, but not serving as an*accessible means ofegress*, directional *signs* indicating the location of *accessible means ofegress* shall be provided. Such *signs* shall comply with 703.4. 
208 Parking Spaces
**208.1 General.**Where parking spaces are provided,*accessible* parkingspaces shall be provided in accordance with 208.

**208.2 Number Required.***Accessible* parking spacesshall be provided in accordance with Table 208.2, except as required by 208.2.1, and shallcomply with 502. 
Table 208.2 Accessible Parking Spaces **Total Number of Parking Spaces****Minimum Required Number of Accessible    Spaces**1 to 25 1 26 to 50 2 51 to 75 3 76 to 100 4 101 to 150 5 151 to 200 6 201 to 300 7 301 to 400 8 401 to 500 9 501 to 1000 2 percent of total 1001 and over 20, plus 1 for each 100 over 1000 
**208.2.1 Rehabilitation Facilities and Outpatient PhysicalTherapy Facilities.** Twenty percent of patient and visitor parking spaces provided atrehabilitation *facilities* and outpatient physical therapy *facilities* shallbe *accessible*.

**208.2.2 Van Parking Spaces.**For every eight or fraction ofeight *accessible* parking spaces required by 208.2 and 208.2.1, at least one shallbe a van parking space complying with 502. - 208.3 Identification.  Accessible  parking spaces shall    be identified by  signs  complying with  502.6 . 
- EXCEPTION:  Where a total of five or less parking spaces are provided. 
- 208.4 Location.  Accessible  parking spaces serving a    particular  building  shall be located on the shortest  accessible route  from    adjacent parking to an  accessible entrance . In  buildings  with multiple  accessible    entrances  with adjacent parking,  accessible  parking spaces shall be dispersed    and located closest to the  accessible  entrances . In parking  facilities     that do not serve a particular  building ,  accessible  parking spaces shall be    located on the shortest  accessible route  to an  accessible  pedestrian  entrance     of the parking  facility .  Accessible  parking spaces shall be permitted to be    located in different lots if equivalent or greater accessibility is provided in terms of    distance from an  accessible  entrance , cost and convenience.
- EXCEPTION:  All van parking spaces shall be permitted to be grouped on one level    of a parking structure.
209 Passenger Loading Zones
**209.1 General.**Where passenger loading zones are provided, they shall complywith 503.

**209.2 Medical Facilities.**A passenger loading zone shall beprovided at an *accessible**entrance* to licensed medical and long-term care *facilities*where people receive physical or medical treatment or care and where the period of stayexceeds 24 hours. 

**209.3 Valet Parking:** Valet parking services shall provide apassenger loading zone. 
210 Stairways- 210.1 General.  Interior and exterior stairs that are part of a means of egress    shall comply with  504 .
- EXCEPTION:  In  alterations , interior or exterior stairs between levels that    are connected by an  accessible route  are not required to comply with  504 . 

**210.2 Required Alterations.**Where stair *alterations* are required by *building*and safety codes to correct unsafe conditions, the *alteration* shall comply with 504 unless *technically infeasible* or exempted by 210.1.
211 Drinking Fountains and Water Coolers
**211.1 General.**Where fixed drinking fountains or water coolers are provided, atleast 50%, but not less than one, of such units provided on each floor shall comply with 602. 
212 Sinks- 212.1 General.  Where sinks are provided, at least 5%, but not less than one,    provided in  accessible  spaces  shall comply with 606.
- EXCEPTION:  Mop or service sinks are not required to be  accessible .
213 Toilet and Bathing Facilities
**213.1 General.**Where toilet or bathing *facilities* are provided, theyshall comply with 213. Where toilet or bathing *facilities* are provided on aninaccessible level, toilet and bathing *facilities* shall also be provided on an*accessible* level. - 213.2 Toilet and Bathing Rooms.  Where toilet rooms are    provided, each toilet room shall comply with  603 . Where    bathing rooms are provided, each bathing room shall comply with  603 .
- EXCEPTIONS:    - In  alterations  where it is  technically infeasible  to comply with  603 , altering existing toilet or bathing rooms is not required        where a single unisex toilet room or bathing room complying with 213.2.1 is provided and        located in the same area and on the same floor as existing inaccessible toilet or bathing        rooms.
  - Where alternative requirements are permitted by  202.5         in  alterations  to  qualified historic buildings and facilities  and toilet        rooms are provided, not less than one toilet room complying with  603  or a unisex room complying with 213.2.1 shall be provided.
  - Where multiple single user portable toilet or bathing units are clustered at a single        location, at least 5%, but not less than one toilet unit or bathing unit at each cluster        shall comply with  603 .  Accessible  units shall be        identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with  703.7 .
  - Where multiple single user toilet rooms are clustered at a single location and contain        fixtures in excess of the minimum required number of plumbing fixtures, at least 5%, but        not less than one room for each use at each cluster shall comply with  603 .  Accessible  rooms shall be identified by the        International Symbol of Accessibility complying with  703.7 . 

**213.2.1 Unisex Toilet and Bathing Rooms.**A unisex toiletroom shall comply with 603, shall contain one water closetand one lavatory, and the door shall have a privacy latch. A unisex bathing room shallcomply with 603 and shall contain at least one shower orbathtub.

**213.2.2 Signs.**Where existing toilet or bathing rooms are *altered*and not made *accessible*, directional *signs* indicating the location of thenearest *accessible* toilet or bathing room within the*facility* shall beprovided. Such *signs* shall comply with 703.4 andshall include the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7. Where existing toilet or bathing rooms are *altered*and not made *accessible*, the *accessible* toilet or bathing room shall beidentified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.

**213.3 Fixtures and Accessories.**Plumbing fixtures andaccessories provided in toilet or bathing rooms required to be *accessible* by 213.2shall comply with 213.3.1 through 213.3.7.

**213.3.1 Toilet Compartments.** Where toilet compartments areprovided, at least one shall be a wheelchair accessible compartment complying with 604.8.1. Where six or more toilet compartments areprovided, an ambulatory accessible compartment complying with 604.8.2 shall be provided in addition to the compartmentcomplying with 604.8.1. Water closets in suchcompartments shall comply with 604.

**213.3.2 Water Closets.**Where water closets are provided,but are not in toilet compartments, at least one shall comply with 604.

**213.3.3 Urinals.** Where urinals are provided, at least oneshall comply with 605.

**213.3.4 Lavatories.** Where lavatories are provided, atleast one shall comply with 606. Where only one *accessible*lavatory is provided, it shall not be located in a toilet compartment.

**213.3.5 Mirrors.**Where mirrors are provided, at least oneshall comply with 603.3.

**213.3.6 Controls and Dispensers.** Where controls,dispensers, receptacles or other equipment is provided, at least one of each type shallcomply with 309. 

**213.3.7 Bathing Facilities.** Where bathtubs or showers areprovided, at least one bathtub complying with 607 or atleast one shower complying with 608 shall be provided.
214 Laundry Equipment
**214.1 General.**Where washing machines or clothes dryers are provided in *spaces*required to be *accessible*, at least one of each type shall comply with 611. 
215 Fire Alarm Systems- 215.1 General.  Where fire alarm systems are provided in  public-use  or  common-use     areas to alert occupants, the alarm shall provide both audible and visual signals    complying with  702 . Guest rooms required by  224  to have  accessible  alarms shall comply with  702.3.6 .
- EXCEPTION:  Visual alarms complying with  702  are    not required in  alterations , except where an existing fire alarm system is upgraded    or replaced, or a new fire alarm system is installed.
216 Signs
**216.1 General.***Signs* shall be provided in accordance with 216 and shallcomply with 703.

**216.2 Permanent Designations.**Where exterior *signs*are provided as permanent designations of permanent interior rooms and *spaces* atthe door to the *space* they serve, the *signs* shall be *tactile* andshall comply with 703.2. Where interior *signs* areprovided as permanent designations of permanent interior rooms and *spaces*, the *signs*shall be *tactile* and shall comply with 703.2.Where *pictograms* are provided as permanent designations of permanent interior roomsand *spaces*, the *pictograms* shall comply with 703.6and shall have*tactile* text descriptors complying with 703.2.- 216.3 Directional and Informational Signs.  Signs  which    provide direction to, or information about, permanent interior  spaces  of the  site     and  facilities  shall comply with  703.4 .
- EXCEPTION:  Building directories, personnel names, company or occupant names and    logos, menus and temporary  signs  are not required to comply with  703.4 . 

**216.4 Exit Doors.**Exit doors shall be identified by*tactile**signs* complying with 703.2. 
217 Telephones
**217.1 General.**Where public pay telephones, public*closed-circuit telephones*,or other types of public telephones are provided, *accessible* public telephonesshall be provided in accordance with 217 for each type of public telephone provided. Forpurposes of this section, a bank of telephones shall be considered two or more adjacenttelephones. 

**217.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones.**Where publictelephones are provided, wheelchair accessible telephones complying with 704.2****shall be provided in accordance with Table217.2. 
Table 217.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones**No. of Telephones on a Floor or Level****Minimum No. Wheelchair Accessible    Telephones**1 or more single unit 1 per floor or level 1 bank 1 per floor or level 2 or more banks 1 per bank 1Note. - At least one telephone per floor shall provide a forward approach complying with  704.2.1.2 , except for exterior installations where dial    tone first service is available.
- 217.3 Volume Controls.  All wheelchair accessible telephones    required by 217.2 and 25 percent, but not less than one, of all other public telephones    provided shall have volume control complying with  704.3 .    Such telephones shall be identified by  signs  containing  pictograms  of a    telephone handset with radiating sound waves complying with  703.7 .
- EXCEPTION:  Pictograms  are not required where all public telephones have    volume control.

**217.4 TTYs.***TTYs* complying with 704.4******shall be provided in accordance with217.4.1 through 217.4.8. - 217.4.1 Bank Requirement.  Where four or more public pay    telephones are provided at a bank of telephones, at least one public  TTY  shall be    provided at that bank. 
- EXCEPTION:  TTYs  are not required at banks of telephones located within 200    feet of, and on the same floor as, a bank containing a public  TTY .

**217.4.2 Floor Requirement.**Where four or more public paytelephones are provided on a floor of a*building*, at least one public *TTY*shall be provided on that floor. 

**217.4.3 Building Requirement.** Where four or more publicpay telephones are provided in a*building*, at least one public *TTY* shall beprovided in the *building*. 

**217.4.4****Site Requirement.**Where four or more publicpay telephones are provided on a *site*, at least one public *TTY* shall beprovided on the *site*.

**217.4.5 Rest Stops, Emergency Roadstops, and Service Plazas.**Wherea public pay telephone is provided at a public rest stop, emergency roadstop or serviceplaza, at least one public *TTY* shall be provided.

**217.4.6 Hospitals.**Where a public pay telephone isprovided in or adjacent to a hospital emergency room, hospital recovery room, or hospitalwaiting room, at least one public *TTY* shall be provided at each such location. 

**217.4.7 Transportation Facilities.**Transportation*facilities* shall be provided with *TTYs* in accordance with 1003.2.6 and 1004.2 inaddition to the *TTYs* required by 217.4.1 through 217.4.4. 

**217.4.8 Signs.**Public *TTYs* shall be identified bythe International Symbol of TTY complying with 703.7.Directional *signs* indicating the location of the nearest public *TTY* shall beprovided at all banks of public pay telephones not containing a public *TTY*. Such *signs*shall comply with 703.4 and shall include theInternational Symbol of TTY complying with 703.7. 

**217.5 Shelves for Portable TTYs.**Where a bank of telephonesin the interior of a *building* consists of three or more public pay telephones, atleast one public pay telephone at the bank shall be provided with a shelf and anelectrical outlet in accordance with 704.5. 
218 Transportation Facilities
**218.1 General.**Transportation *facilities* shall complywith Chapter 10.
219 Assistive Listening Systems
**219.1 General.**Assistive listening systems shall be provided in accordance with219 and shall comply with 706.

**219.2 Required Systems.***Assembly areas* having fixedseating shall have an assistive listening system where the area is equipped with an audioamplification system or the area has a capacity of 50 or more persons. Other*assemblyareas* shall have an assistive listening system, or an adequate number of electricaloutlets or other supplementary wiring necessary to support a portable assistive listeningsystem. 

**219.3 Receivers.** Receivers complying with 706.4******shall be provided for assistivelistening systems in accordance with Table 219.3.****Twenty five percent of receivers,but not less than two, shall be hearing aid compatible in accordance with 706.5. 
**Table 219.3 Receivers for Assistive Listening Systems 
**Fixed Seating in Assembly Area****Minimum Required Number of Receivers**50 or less 2 51 to 500 2, plus 4 for each total seating capacity    increase of 100 above 51 501 to 1000 20, plus 3 for each total seating capacity    increase of 100 above 501 1001 to 2000 35, plus 2 for each total seating capacity    increase of 100 above 1001 over 2000 55, plus 1 for each total seating capacity    increase of 100 above 2000 
**219.4 Signs.**Where assistive listening systems are provided,*signs* shall be provided to inform patrons of the availability of the system. The *signs*shall be located at ticket offices or windows, where ticket offices or windows areprovided. The *signs* shall comply with 703.4 andshall include the International Symbol of Access for Hearing Loss complying with 703.7.
220 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines
**220.1 General.** Where automatic teller machines or self-service fare vending,collection, or adjustment machines are provided, at least one machine of each type at eachlocation where such machines are provided shall comply with 707.Where bins are provided for envelopes, waste paper, or other purposes, at least one ofeach type shall comply with 905.
221 Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Seating
**221.1 General.**In assembly seating areas, *accessible wheelchair spaces*shall be provided in accordance with 221. 

**221.2 Number Required.***Accessible**wheelchair spaces* shall beprovided in accordance with Table 221.2 and shall comply with 802.
Table 221.2 Accessible Wheelchair Spaces **Assembly Area Seating Capacity****Minimum Required Number of Wheelchair    Spaces**50 or less 2 51 to 100 4 101 to 300 5 301 to 500 6 over 500 6, plus 1 additional space for each total    seating capacity increase of 200 - 221.3  Wheelchair Space Clusters.  Accessible    wheelchair spaces  shall be grouped in  wheelchair space clusters  in accordance    with Table 221.3.
- EXCEPTIONS:    - In assembly seating areas where sightlines require more than one step for a rise in        elevation between rows, the minimum required number of  wheelchair space clusters  in        that area shall be one-half of that required by Table 221.3.
  - In  alterations , where it is  technically infeasible  to disperse  wheelchair        space clusters  in accordance with Table 221.3, the minimum required number of  wheelchair        space clusters  shall be one-half of that required by Table 221.3. 
Table 221.3 Wheelchair Space Clusters **Assembly Area Seating Capacity****Minimum No. of Wheelchair Space Clusters**up to 300 1 301 to 600 2 601 to 900 3 901 to 1500 4 1501 to 2100 5 2101 to 3000 6 over 3000 6 plus 1 additional cluster for each 1000 seats    or portion thereof. 
**221.4 Dispersion of Wheelchair Space Clusters.**

**221.4.1 General.**Dispersion of *wheelchair spaceclusters* shall be based on the availability of*accessible routes* to variousseating areas including seating at various levels in multi-level *facilities*. - 221.4.2 Multi-Level Assembly Seating Areas.  In multi-level    assembly seating areas,  wheelchair space clusters  shall be provided on the main    level and on one of each two additional levels.
- EXCEPTION : In existing assembly seating areas with a  mezzanine , where the    main level provides three-fourths or more of the total seating capacity,  wheelchair    space clusters  shall be permitted to be dispersed on the main level.

**221.4.3 Separation Between Clusters.** Wheelchair spaceclusters shall be separated by a minimum of five intervening rows or by a minimum of tenintervening seats. *Wheelchair spaces* within any one *wheelchair space cluster*shall not be separated by an intervening row, nor by more than two intervening seats, norby more than a 7-inch (180 mm) vertical level change.
222 Dressing, Fitting and Locker Rooms- 222.1 General.  Where dressing rooms, fitting rooms, or locker rooms are provided,    at least 5 percent, but not less than one, of each type of use in each cluster provided    shall comply with  803 .
- EXCEPTION:  In  alterations , where it is  technically infeasible  to    provide  accessible  rooms in accordance with 222.1, one room for each sex on each    level shall be  accessible . Where only unisex rooms are provided, an  accessible     unisex room shall be permitted.
223 Medical Care Facility Patient or Resident Sleeping Rooms
**223.1 General.**In licensed medical and long-term care*facilities* wherepeople receive physical or medical treatment or care and where the period of stay exceedstwenty-four hours, *accessible* patient or resident sleeping rooms shall be providedin accordance with 223 and shall comply with 804.

**223.1.1 Alterations.**Where sleeping rooms are*altered*or *added*, the requirements of 223 shall apply only to the sleeping rooms being *altered*or*added*.

**223.2 Hospitals**. In general purpose hospitals, psychiatric *facilities*and detoxification *facilities*, at least 10 percent, but not less than one, of thepatient sleeping rooms shall be *accessible*.

**223.3 Rehabilitation Facilities.**In hospitals andrehabilitation *facilities* that specialize in treating conditions that affectmobility, and in units within hospitals and rehabilitation *facilities* whichspecialize in treating conditions that affect mobility, 100 percent of the patientsleeping rooms shall be *accessible*.

**223.4 Long Term Care Facilities.**In long term care*facilities*, at least 50 percent, but not less than one, of the resident sleeping roomsshall be *accessible*.
224 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms
**224.1 General.***Transient lodging**facilities* shall provide guestrooms in accordance with 224. 

**224.1.1 Alterations.**Where guest rooms are*altered*or *added*, the requirements of 224 shall apply only to the guest rooms being *altered*or*added*. 

**224.1.2 Guest Room Doors and Doorways.***Entrance* andpassage doors and doorways into and within all guest rooms shall provide clear widthcomplying with 404.2.3.

**224.2 Accessible Guest Rooms.**In *transient lodgingfacilities*, *accessible* guest rooms shall be provided in accordance with Table224.2 and shall comply with 805.2
Table 224.2 Accessible Guest Rooms**Total Guest Rooms****Number of Accessible Rooms W/o Roll-in    Showers****Number of Accessible Rooms W/ Roll-in    Showers****Total Required Accessible Rooms**1 to 25 1 0 1 26 to 50 2 0 2 51 to 75 3 1 4 76 to 100 4 1 5 101 to 150 5 2 7 151 to 200 6 2 8 201 to 300 7 3 10 301 to 400 8 4 12 401 to 500 9 4 13 501 to 1000 2% of total 1% of total 3% of total 1001 and over 20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1000 10 plus 1 for each 100 over 1000 30 plus 2 for each 100 over 1000 
**224.3 Accessible Beds.**In rooms or *spaces* having fouror more beds, the number of beds in the room or *space* required to have clear floor *space*complying with 805.2.3 shall comply with Table 224.3 
Table 224.3 Accessible Beds **Total Beds in a Guest Room****Minimum Number of Accessible Beds**4 to 25 1 26 to 50 2 51 to 75 4 76 to 100 5 101 to 150 7 151 to 200 8 201 to 300 10 301 to 400 12 401 to 500 13 501 to 1000 3% of total 1001 and over 30 plus 2 for each 100 over 1000 
**224.4 Communication Features.**In *transient lodgingfacilities*, guest rooms with *accessible* communication features shall beprovided in accordance with Table 224.4 and shall comply with 805.3.
Table 224.4 Guest Rooms with Accessible Communication Features **Total Guest Rooms Provided****Minimum Guest Rooms with Accessible    Communication Features**1 to 25 2 26 to 50 4 51 to 75 7 76 to 100 9 101 to 150 12 151 to 200 14 201 to 300 17 301 to 400 20 401 to 500 22 501 to 1000 5% of total 1001 and over 50 plus 3 for each 100 over 1000 
**224.5 Dispersion.**Guest rooms required to comply with 805.2 and 805.3 shall bedispersed among the various classes of guest rooms.
225 Self-Service Storage Facilities
**225.1 General.***Self-service storage facilities* shall provide *accessible*individual self-storage *spaces* in accordance with Table 225.1.
Table 225.1 Accessible Self-Service Storage Facilities **Total Spaces in Facility****Minimum Number of Required Accessible Spaces**1 to 200 5%, but not less than 1 201 and over 10, plus 2% of total number of units over 200 
**225.2 Dispersion.***Accessible* individual self-servicestorage *spaces* shall be dispersed throughout the various classes of *spaces*provided. Where more classes of*spaces* are provided than the number of required*accessible**spaces*, the number of *accessible**spaces* shall not berequired to exceed that required by Table 225.1.*Accessible**spaces* shall bepermitted to be dispersed in a single *building* of a multi-building *facility*.
226 Seating at Tables, Counters and Work Surfaces
**226.1 General.**Where seating at fixed or built-in tables, counters or worksurfaces is provided in *accessible spaces*, at least five percent, but not less thanone, of the seating shall comply with 902.

**226.2 Dining Counters.**Where food or drink is served forconsumption at counters exceeding 34 inches (865 mm) in height, a 60 inch (1525 mm)minimum length portion of the counter shall comply with 902,or service shall be provided at *accessible* tables in the same area.

**226.3 Dispersion.**In new construction, and where practicablein *alterations*, *accessible* fixed or built-in seating at tables, counters orwork surfaces shall be distributed throughout the *space* or *facility*containing such *elements*.

**227 Sales and Service Counters**

**227.1 General.**Where sales and service counters are provided, they shall be *accessible*in accordance with 227. - 227.2 Check-out Aisles . Where check-out aisles are provided,  accessible     check-out aisles shall be provided in accordance with Table 227.2. Where check-out aisles    serve different functions, at least one  accessible  check- out aisle shall be    provided for each function. Where check-out aisles are dispersed throughout the  building     or  facility ,  accessible  check-out aisles shall also be dispersed. Check-out    aisles required to be  accessible  shall comply with  904.3 .
- EXCEPTIONS:   - Where the area of the selling  space  is less than 5000 square feet (465 m2), only        one check-out aisle is required to be  accessible .
  - Where check-out aisles are  altered  in  facilities  having a selling  space         of 5000 square feet (465 m2) or more, at least one of each check-out aisle serving each        function shall be made  accessible  until the number of  accessible  check-out        aisles complies with 227.2. 
Table 227.2 Accessible Check-out Aisles **Total Check-out Aisles of Each Function****Minimum Accessible Check-out Aisles of Each    Function**1-4 1 5-8 2 9-15 3 over 15 3, plus 20% of additional aisles 
**227.2.1 Identification.***Accessible* check-out aislesshall be identified by the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7, unless all check-out aisles in the *facility*are *accessible*. The*sign* shall be above the check-out aisle in the samelocation as the check-out aisle number or type of check-out identification. - 227.3 Point of Sales and Service Counters.  Where counters are    provided for sales or distribution of goods or services, at least one of each type    provided shall comply with  904.4 . Where such counters are    dispersed throughout the  building  or  facility , the  accessible     counters shall also be dispersed.
- EXCEPTION:  In  alterations  where it is  technically infeasible  for    existing counters to comply with 904.4, an auxiliary counter complying with  904.4  shall be provided. 

**227.4 Food Service Lines.**Food service lines shall complywith 904.5. Where self-service shelves are provided, atleast 50 percent, but not less than one, of each type provided shall comply with 308.

**227.5 Queue and Waiting Lines.**Queue and waiting linesservicing *accessible* counters or check-out aisles shall comply with 403.
228 Storage
**228.1 General.**Where fixed or built-in storage *elements* such as cabinets,shelves, medicine cabinets, closets, and drawers are provided in *accessible**spaces*,at least one of each type shall comply with 905. 

**228.2 Lockers.**Where lockers are provided in*accessible**spaces*, at least five percent, but not less than one, of each type shall complywith 905.

**228.3 Shelving and Display Units.**Self-service shelves anddisplay units in mercantile occupancies and shelving in stack areas of libraries shall belocated on an*accessible route* complying with 402.Such shelving and display units shall not be required to comply with reach rangeprovisions of 308.

**228.4 Coat Hooks and Folding Shelves.**Where coat hooks orfolding shelves are provided in inaccessible toilet rooms, toilet compartments, or indressing, fitting or locker rooms, at least one of each type shall be provided in *accessible*toilet rooms, toilet compartments and dressing, fitting and locker rooms. 

**228.5 Displays in Qualified Historic Buildings and Facilities.**In*alterations* to *qualified historic buildings and facilities*, wherealternative requirements of 202.5 are permitted, displaysand written information shall be located where they can be seen by a seated person.Exhibits and *sign* displayed horizontally shall be 44 inches (1120 mm) maximum abovethe floor.
229 Vending Machines and Similar Equipment
**229.1 General.**In restaurants and cafeterias, *spaces*for vending machines and similar equipment shall comply with 304, 305 and 308. 
CHAPTER 3: BUILDING BLOCKS301 General
**301.1 Scope.**The provisions of this chapter apply whererequired by Chapter 2 or by Chapters4 through 10.
302 Floor or Ground Surfaces
**302.1 General.** Floor and ground surfaces shall be stable,firm, and slip resistant and shall comply with 302.

**302.2 Carpet.** Carpet or carpet tile shall be securelyattached and shall have a firm cushion, pad, or backing or no cushion or pad. Carpet orcarpet tile shall have a level loop, textured loop, level cut pile, or level cut/uncutpile texture. Pile height shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) maximum. Exposed edges of carpet shallbe fastened to floor surfaces and shall have trim along the entire length of the exposededge. Carpet edge trim shall comply with 303.

**302.3 Openings.**Openings in floor or ground surfaces shallbe of a size that does not permit passage of a 1/2 inch (13 mm) diameter sphere, except asallowed in 407 and 408.Elongated openings shall be placed so that the long dimension is perpendicular to thedominant direction of travel.
303 Changes in Level
**303.1 General.**Where changes in level are permitted in flooror ground surfaces, they shall comply with 303.****

**303.2 Vertical.**Changes in level of 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) highmaximum shall be permitted to be vertical.

**303.3 Beveled.**Changes in level between 1/4 inch (6.4 mm)high minimum and 1/2 inch (13 mm) high maximum shall be beveled with a slope not steeperthan 1:2. 

**303.4 Ramps.**Changes in level greater than 1/2 inch (13 mm)high shall be ramped, and shall comply with 405 or 406.
304 Wheelchair Turning Space
**304.1 General.**Wheelchair turning space shall comply with304.

**304.2 Floor or Ground Surface.**Floor or ground surfaces of awheelchair turning space shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48 and shall comply with 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

**304.3 Size.**Wheelchair turning space shall comply with 304.3.1 or 304.3.2.

**304.3.1 Circular Space.**The wheelchair turning space shallbe a *space* of 60 inches (1525 mm) diameter minimum. The *space* shall bepermitted to include knee and toe clearance complying with 306.

**304.3.2 T-shaped Space.**The wheelchair turning space shallbe a T-shaped *space* within a 60-inch (1525 mm) minimum square with arms and base 36inches (915 mm) wide minimum. Each arm of the T shall be clear of obstructions 12 inches(305 mm) minimum in each direction and the base shall be clear of obstructions 24 inches(610 mm) minimum. Such *space* shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearancecomplying with 306 only at the end of either the base orone arm. 

**304.4 Doors.**Unless otherwise specified, doors shall not beprohibited from swinging into a wheelchair turning space.
305 Clear Floor or Ground Space
**305.1 General.**Clear floor or ground space shall comply with305.

**305.2 Floor or Ground Surfaces.**Floor or ground surfaces ofa clear floor or ground space shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48 and shall complywith 302. Changes in level are not permitted.

**305.3 Size.** The clear floor or ground space shall be 30inches (760 mm) minimum by 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum.

**305.4 Knee and Toe Clearance.** Unless otherwise specified,clear floor or ground space shall be permitted to include knee and toe clearance complyingwith 306. 

**305.5 Position.** Unless otherwise specified, clear floor orground space shall be positioned for either forward or parallel approach to an *element*.

**305.6 Approach.** One full unobstructed side of the clearfloor or ground space shall adjoin or overlap an*accessible route* or adjoin anotherclear floor or ground space. 

**305.7 Maneuvering Clearance.** Where a clear floor or groundspace is located in an alcove or otherwise confined on all or part of three sides,additional maneuvering clearance complying with 305 shall be provided in accordance with305.7.1 and 305.7.2.****

**305.7.1 Forward Approach.** Where the depth of the alcove orother restriction exceeds 24 inches (610 mm), the width of the clear floor space shall be36 inches (915 mm) minimum. 

**305.7.2 Parallel Approach.** Where the depth of the alcoveor other restriction exceeds 15 inches (380 mm), the length of the clear floor space shallbe 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum. 
306 Knee and Toe Clearance
**306.1 General.** Where *space* beneath an object isincluded as part of clear floor or ground space or wheelchair turning space, the *space*shall comply with 306. Additional *space* shall not be prohibited beneath an object;however, such additional *space* shall not be considered as part of the clear flooror ground space or wheelchair turning space. 

**306.2 Toe Clearance**

**306.2.1 General.***Space* under an object between thefloor or ground and 9 inches (230 mm) above the floor or ground shall be considered toeclearance and shall comply with 306.2.

**306.2.2 Maximum Depth.**Toe clearance shall extend 25inches (635 mm) maximum under an object.

**306.2.3 Minimum Required Depth.**Where toe clearance isrequired at an *element* as part of a clear floor space, the toe clearance shallextend 17 inches (430 mm) minimum beneath the *element*.

**306.2.4 Additional Clearance.***Space* extendinggreater than 6 inches (150 mm) beyond the available knee clearance at 9 inches (230 mm)above the floor or ground shall not be considered toe clearance.

**306.2.5 Width.** Toe clearance shall be 30 inches (760 mm)minimum in width. 

**306.3 Knee Clearance.**

**306.3.1 General.***Space* under an object between 9inches (230 mm) and 27 inches (685 mm) above the floor or ground shall be considered kneeclearance and shall comply with 306.3.

**306.3.2 Maximum Depth.**Knee clearance shall extend 25inches (635 mm) maximum under an object at 9 inches (230 mm) above the floor or ground. 

**306.3.3 Minimum Required Depth.**Where knee clearance isrequired beneath an *element* as part of a clear floor space, the knee clearanceshall be 11 inches (280 mm) minimum in depth at 9 inches (230 mm) above the floor orground, and 8 inches (205 mm) minimum in depth at 27 inches (685 mm) above the floor orground.

**306.3.4 Clearance Reduction.**Between 9 inches (230 mm) and27 inches (685 mm) above the floor or ground, the knee clearance shall be permitted toreduce at a rate of 1 inch (25 mm) for each 6 inches (150 mm) in height.

**306.3.5 Width.**Knee clearance shall be 30 inches (760 mm)minimum in width.****
307 Protruding Objects
**307.1 General.**Protruding objects shall comply with 307. - 307.2 Protrusion Limits.  Objects with leading edges located more than 27 inches    (685 mm) and not more than 80 inches (2030 mm) above the floor or ground shall protrude    from the wall 4 inches (100 mm) maximum into the  circulation path .
- EXCEPTION:  Handrails serving stairs and  ramps  shall protrude 4-1/2 inches    (115 mm) maximum from the wall.
- 307.3 Post-mounted Objects.  Free-standing objects mounted on    posts or pylons shall overhang 12 inches (305 mm) maximum when located 27 inches (685 mm)    minimum and 80 inches (2030 mm) maximum above the floor or ground. Where a  sign  or    other obstruction is mounted between posts or pylons and the clear distance between the    posts or pylons is greater than 12 inches (305 mm), the lowest edge of such  sign  or    obstruction shall be 27 inches (685 mm) maximum or 80 inches (2030 mm) minimum above the    floor or ground.
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to sloping portions of handrails    serving stairs and  ramps .

**307.4 Reduced Vertical Clearance.**Guardrails or otherbarriers shall be provided where the vertical clearance is less than 80 inches (2030 mm)high. The leading edge of such guardrail or barrier shall be located 27 inches (685 mm)maximum above the floor or ground.

**307.5 Required Clear Width.** Protruding objects shall notreduce the clear width required for*accessible routes*.
308 Reach Ranges
**308.1 General.**Reach ranges shall comply with 308.

**308.2 Forward Reach.**

**308.2.1 Unobstructed.**Where a clear floor or ground spaceallows only a forward approach to an object and is unobstructed, the high forward reachshall be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum and the low forward reach shall be 15 inches (380 mm)minimum above the floor or ground.

**308.2.2 Obstructed High Reach.** Where a clear floor orground space allows only a forward approach to an object and the high forward reach isover an obstruction, the clear floor space shall extend beneath the object for a distancenot less than the required reach depth over the obstruction. The high forward reach shallbe 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 20 inches (510 mm) maximum. Where thereach depth exceeds 20 inches (510 mm), the high forward reach shall be 44 inches (1120mm) maximum for a reach depth of 25 inches (635 mm) maximum.

**308.3 Side Reach.**

**308.3.1 Unobstructed.**Where a clear floor or ground spaceallows a parallel approach to an object and the depth of any obstruction between the clearfloor or ground space and the object is 10 inches (255 mm) maximum, the high side reachshall be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum and the low side reach shall be 15 inches (380 mm)minimum above the floor or ground.

**308.3.2 Obstructed High Reach.**Where a clear floor orground space allows a parallel approach to an object and the high side reach is over anobstruction, the height of the obstruction shall be 34 inches (865 mm) maximum and thedepth of the obstruction shall be 24 inches (610 mm) maximum. The high side reach shall be48 inches (1220 mm) maximum for a reach depth of 10 inches (255 mm) maximum. Where thereach depth exceeds 10 inches (255 mm), the high side reach shall be 46 inches (1170 mm)maximum for a reach depth of 24 inches (610 mm) maximum.
309 Controls and Operating Mechanisms
**309.1 General.***Controls and operating mechanisms*shall comply with 309. 

**309.2 Clear Floor Space.** A clear floor or ground spacecomplying with 305 shall be provided. - 309.3 Height.  Controls and operating mechanisms  shall    be placed within one or more of the reach ranges specified in  308.
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement does not apply where the use of special equipment    dictates otherwise or where electrical and communications systems receptacles are not    normally intended for use by building occupants.

**309.4 Operation.***Controls and operating mechanisms*shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching, ortwisting of the wrist. The force required to activate *controls and operating mechanisms*shall be 5 lb (22.2 N) maximum.
CHAPTER 4: ACCESSIBLE ROUTES AND ACCESSIBLE MEANS OFEGRESS401 General
**401.1 Scope.*Accessible routes* and *accessiblemeans of egress* required by Chapter 2 shall complywith the applicable provisions of this chapter.402 Accessible Routes
**402.1 General.*Accessible routes* shall comply with402.
**402.2 Components.*Accessible routes* shall consist ofone or more of the following components: Walking surfaces with a slope not steeper than1:20, doorways,*ramps*, elevators and platform (wheelchair) lifts. All components ofan *accessible route* shall comply with the applicable portions of this chapter.403 Walking Surfaces
**403.1 General.**Walking surfaces that are a part of an*accessible route* shall comply with 403.

**403.2****Floor or Ground Surface.**Floor or groundsurfaces shall comply with 302.****

**403.3 Slope.** The *running slope* of walking surfacesshall be not steeper than 1:20. The *cross slope* of walking surfaces shall not besteeper than 1:48.

**403.4****Changes in Level.** Changes in level shall complywith 303. - 403.5  Clear Width.  The clear width of walking surfaces    shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. 
- EXCEPTION:  The clear width shall be 32 inches (815 mm) minimum for a length of 24    inches (610 mm) maximum, provided that multiple 32 inch (815 mm) wide segments are    separated by segments that are 48 inch (1220 mm) minimum in length and 36 inch (915 mm)    minimum in width.

**403.5.1 Clear Width at Turn.**Where the*accessible route*makes a 180 degree turn around an object which is less than 48 inches (1220 mm) wide,clear width shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum approaching the turn, 48 inches (1220 mm)minimum during the turn and 42 inches (1065 mm) leaving the turn.

**403.5.2 Passing Spaces.** An *accessible route* with aclear width less than 60 inches (1525 mm) shall provide passing *space*s at intervalsof 200 feet (61 m) maximum. Passing *space*s shall be either a 60 inch (1525 mm)minimum by 60 inch (1525 mm) minimum *space*, or an intersection of two walkingsurfaces which provide a T-shaped *space* complying with 304.

**403.5.3 Protruding Objects.**Protruding objects shallcomply with 307. Protruding objects shall not reduce therequired clear width.
404 Doors and Doorways
**404.1 General.** Doors and doorways that are part of an*accessible route* shall comply with 404. 

**404.2 Manual Doors and Doorways.**Manual doors and doorwaysand manual gates, including ticket gates, shall comply with 404.2.1 through 404.2.11.

**404.2.1 Revolving Doors and Turnstiles.** Revolving doorsand revolving turnstiles shall not be part of an *accessible route*.

**404.2.2 Double-Leaf Doors.** At least one of the activeleaves of doorways with two independently operated leaves shall comply with 404.2.3 and404.2.4. - 404.2.3 Clear Width.  Doorways shall have a clear opening of    32 inches (815 mm) minimum. Clear openings of doorways with swinging doors shall be    measured between the face of the door and the stop, with the door open 90 degrees.    Openings more than 24 inches (610 mm) in depth shall provide a clear opening of 36 inches    (915 mm) minimum. There shall be no projections into the required clear opening width    lower than 34 inches (865 mm) above the floor or ground. Projections into the clear    opening width between 34 inches (865 mm) and 80 inches (2030 mm) above the floor or ground    shall not exceed 4 inches (100 mm). 
- EXCEPTION:  In  alterations  where it is  technically infeasible  to    comply with clear opening width requirements, a projection of 5/8 inch (16 mm) maximum    into the required clear width shall be permitted for the latch side stop. 

**404.2.4 Maneuvering Clearances.**

**404.2.4.1 Swinging Doors.**Approaches to swinging doorsshall have maneuvering clearances complying with Table 404.2.4.1.
Table 404.2.4.1 Maneuvering Clearances at Manual Swinging Doors.**TYPE OF USE****MINIMUM MANEUVERING CLEARANCE**1**Approach Direction****Door Side****Perpendicular to Doorway****Parallel to Doorway**2 (beyond    latch side unless noted) From front Pull 60 inches (1525 mm) 18 inches (455 mm) From front Push 48 inches (1220 mm) 0 inches (0 mm) 3From hinge side Pull 60 inches (1525 mm) 36 inches (915 mm) From hinge side Pull 54 inches (1370 mm) 42 inches (1065 mm) From hinge side Push 42 inches (1065 mm) 422 inches (560 mm) beyond hinge side From latch side Pull 48 inches (1220 mm) 524 inches (610 mm) From latch side Push 42 inches (1065 mm) 524 inches (610 mm) Notes:- Maneuvering clearance shall include the full width of the doorway. 
- Doors to hospital patient sleeping rooms are exempt from the clearance beyond the latch    side of the door provided the door is 44 inches (1120 mm) wide minimum. 
- Add 12 inches (305 mm) if closer and latch are provided. 
- Add 6 inches (150 mm) if closer and latch are provided. 
- Add 6 inches (150 mm) if closer and latch are provided. 

**404.2.4.2 Doorways without Doors, Sliding Doors and FoldingDoors.**Approaches to doorways without doors which are less than 36 inches (915 mm)wide and approaches to sliding and folding doors shall have maneuvering clearancescomplying with Table 404.2.4.2.
Table 404.2.4.2 Maneuvering Clearances at Doorways without Doors,Manual Sliding Doors, and Manual Folding Doors.**MINIMUM MANEUVERING CLEARANCE**1**Approach Direction****Perpendicular to Doorway****Parallel to Doorway**2    (beyond stop/latch side unless noted) From Front 48 inches (1220 mm) 0 inches ( 0 mm) From side (doorway with no door only) 42 inches (1065 mm) 0 inches (0 mm) From pocket/hinge side 42 inches (1065 mm) 22 inches (560 mm) beyond pocket/hinge side From stop/latch side 42 inches(1065 mm) 24 inches (610 mm) Notes:- Maneuvering clearance shall include the full width of the doorway. 
- Doors to hospital patient sleeping rooms are exempt from the clearance beyond the    stop/latch side of the door provided the door is 44 inches (1120 mm) wide minimum. 

**404.2.4.3 Doors in Alcoves.**Doors in alcoves where theplane of the doorway is offset more than 8 inches (205 mm) from the plane of the wallshall provide maneuvering clearances for front approach.

**404.2.4.4 Floor or Ground Surface.**Floor or groundsurface within required maneuvering clearances shall have a slope of 1:48 maximum andshall comply with 302.****Changes in level are notpermitted. - 404.2.5 Thresholds.  Thresholds if provided at doorways    shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) maximum in height. Raised thresholds and changes in level at    doorways shall comply with  302  and 303.
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to existing or  altered     thresholds 3/4 inch (19 mm) high maximum that have a beveled edge on each side. 

**404.2.6 Two Doors in Series.** The distance between twohinged or pivoted doors in series shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum plus the width ofany door swinging into the *space*. Doors in series shall swing either in the samedirection or away from the*space* between the doors. - 404.2.7 Door Hardware.  Handles, pulls, latches, locks, and    other operable parts on  accessible  doors shall comply with  309.4 . Such hardware shall be 34 inches (865 mm) minimum and    48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor or ground. When sliding doors are in the fully    open position, operating hardware shall be exposed and usable from both sides. 
- EXCEPTION : Locks used only for security purposes and not used for normal    operation are permitted in any location.

**404.2.8 Closing Speed.**

**404.2.8.1 Door Closers.** Door closers shall be adjustedso that from an open position of 90 degrees, the time required to move the door to an openposition of 12 degrees is 5 seconds minimum.

**404.2.8.2 Spring Hinges.** Door spring hinges shall beadjusted so that from the open position of 70 degrees, the door shall move to the closedposition in 1.5 seconds minimum, measured under ambient conditions. 

**404.2.9 Door Opening Force.**Fire doors shall have aminimum opening force allowable by the appropriate *administrative authority*. Therequired force for pushing or pulling open a door other than fire doors shall be asfollows: - Interior hinged doors: 5 lb (22.2 N) maximum. 
- Sliding or folding doors: 5 lb (22.2 n) maximum. 

These forces do not apply to the force required to retract latch bolts or disengageother devices that hold the door in a closed position. - 404.2.10 Door Surface.  The bottom 10 inches (255 mm) of    all swinging doors shall have a smooth surface on the push side and extending the full    width of the door. Parts creating horizontal or vertical joints in such surface shall be    within 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of the same plane as the other. Cavities created by added kick    plates shall be capped.
- EXCEPTIONS :    - This requirement shall not apply to sliding doors
  - Tempered glass doors without stiles and having a bottom rail or shoe with the top        leading edge tapered at 60 degrees minimum from the horizontal shall not be required to        meet the 10 inch (255 mm) bottom rail height requirement.
  - This requirement shall not apply to doors that do not extend to within 10 inches (255        mm) of the floor or ground. 

**404.2.11 Vision Lites.** Doors, and sidelites adjacent todoors, containing one or more glazing panels that permit viewing through the panels shallhave the bottom of at least one glazed panel located 43 inches (1090 mm) maximum above thefloor.

**404.3 Automatic Doors.***Automatic doors* and automaticgates shall comply with 404.3.1 through 404.3.6. Full-powered *automatic doors* shallcomply with ANSI/BHMA A156.10. Low-energy and *power- assisted doors* shall complywith ANSI/BHMA A156.19.

**404.3.1 Clear Width.**Doorways shall have a clear openingof 32 inches (815 mm) minimum in power- on and power-failure mode. The minimum clear widthfor *automatic door* systems shall be based on the clear opening provided by allleafs in the open position.

**404.3.2 Maneuvering Clearance.**Clearances at*power-assisted doors* shall comply with 404.2.4.

**404.3.3 Thresholds.**Thresholds and changes in level atdoorways shall comply with 404.2.5.

**404.3.4 Two Doors in Series.** Doors in series shall complywith 404.2.6. 

**404.3.5 Controls and Operating Mechanisms.** Controlswitches shall comply with 309.

**404.3.6 Signs.**Labels and warnings for*automatic doors*shall comply with 703.4. 
405 Ramps
**405.1 General.**Walking surfaces on*accessible routes*with a *running slope* steeper than 1:20 are *ramps* and shall comply with 405. - 405.2 Slope.  Ramp  runs shall have a  running slope     not steeper than 1:12. 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Ramps  in or on existing  buildings  or  facilities  shall be permitted        to have slopes steeper than 1:12 complying with Table 405.2 where such slopes are        necessitated by  space  limitations. 
  - In  alterations  to  qualified historic buildings and facilities  where        alternative requirements are permitted by  202.5 , the        slope of a  ramp  run of 24 inches (610 mm) maximum shall not be steeper than 1:6. 
Table 405.2 Maximum Ramp Slope and Rise for Existing Sites, Buildingsand Facilities. **Slope** 1**Maximum Rise**Steeper than 1:10 but not steeper than 1:8 3 inches (75 mm) Steeper than 1:12 but not steeper than 1:10 6 inches (150 mm) Notes:- A slope steeper than 1:8 is prohibited.

**405.3 Cross Slope.***Cross slope* of *ramp* runsshall not be steeper than 1:48.

**405.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces.**Floor or ground surfaces of *ramp*runs shall comply with 302. Changes in level other than the*running slope* and *cross slope* are not permitted on *ramp* runs.

**405.5 Clear Width.**The clear width of a *ramp* run andthe clear width between handrails, if provided, shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum.

**405.6 Rise.**The rise for any *ramp* run shall be 30inches (760 mm) maximum.

**405.7 Landings.***Ramps* shall have landings at bottomand top of each *ramp* run. Landings shall comply with 405.7.1 through 405.7.5. 

**405.7.1 Slope.**Landings shall have a slope not steeperthan 1:48 and shall comply with 302. Changes in level arenot permitted.

**405.7.2 Width.**The landing shall be at least as wide asthe widest *ramp* run leading to the landing.

**405.7.3 Length.** The landing length shall be 60 inches(1525 mm) minimum. 

**405.7.4 Change in Direction.***Ramps* that changedirection between runs at landings shall have a 60 inch (1525 mm) minimum by 60 inch (1525mm) minimum landing.

**405.7.5 Doorways.**Where doorways are located adjacent to a*ramp* landing, maneuvering clearances required by 404.2.4and 404.3.2 shall be permitted to overlap the requiredlanding area.

**405.8 Handrails.***Ramp* runs with a rise greater than 6inches (150 mm) shall have handrails complying with 505. - 405.9 Edge Protection.  Edge protection complying with 405.9.1    or 405.9.2 shall be provided on each side of  ramp  runs and at each side of  ramp     landings.
- EXCEPTIONS :    - Edge protection is not required on  ramps  that are not required to have handrails        and have sides complying with 406.3. 
  - Edge protection is not required on the sides of  ramp  landings serving an        adjoining  ramp  run or stairway.
  - Edge protection is not required on the sides of  ramp  landings having a vertical        drop-off of 1/2 inch (13 mm) maximum within 10 inches (255 mm) horizontally of the minimum        landing area. 

**405.9.1 Extended Floor or Ground Surface.**The floor orground surface of the *ramp* run or landing shall extend 12 inches (305 mm) minimumbeyond the inside face of a handrail complying with 505.

**405.9.2 Guard, Curb or Barrier.**A guard, curb or barriershall be provided that prevents the passage of a 4 inch (100 mm) diameter sphere, whereany portion of the sphere is within 4 inches (100 mm) of the floor or ground surface.

**405.10 Outdoor Conditions.**Outdoor *ramps* and outdoorapproaches to *ramps* shall be designed so that water will not accumulate on walkingsurfaces.
406 Curb Ramps
**406.1 General.***Curb ramps* on*accessible routes*shall comply with 406 and with 405.2,405.4, 405.5 and 405.10. 

**406.2 Counter Slope.**Counter slopes of adjoining gutters androad surfaces immediately adjacent to the*curb ramp* shall not be steeper than 1:20.The adjacent surfaces at transitions at *curb ramps* to *walks*, gutters andstreets shall be at the same level.

**406.3 Sides of Curb Ramps.***Curb ramps* located wherepedestrians must walk across the *ramp* shall have flared sides. Slope of the flaresshall not be steeper than 1:10. Where the width of the walking surface at the top of the*ramp* and parallel to the run of the *ramp* is less than 48 inches (1220 mm) wide,the flared sides shall have a slope not steeper than 1:12. *Curb ramps* with returnedcurbs shall be permitted where pedestrians would not normally walk across the *ramp*.

**406.4 Handrails.**Handrails are not required on *curb ramps*.

**406.5 Location at Marked Crossings.***Curb ramps* at*marked crossings* shall be wholly contained within the markings, excluding any flaredsides.

**406.6 Diagonal Curb Ramps.**Diagonal or corner type*curbramps* with returned curbs or other well-defined edges shall have the edges parallel tothe direction of pedestrian flow. The bottom of diagonal *curb ramps* shall have 48inches (1220 mm) minimum of clear*space*. Diagonal *curb ramps* provided at *markedcrossings* shall provide the 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum clear *space* within themarkings. Diagonal*curb ramps* with flared sides shall have a segment of straightcurb 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum located on each side of the *curb ramp* andwithin the *marked crossing*.

**406.7 Islands.**Raised islands in crossings shall be cutthrough level with the street or have *curb ramps* at both sides and shall have alevel area at least 48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum by 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum inthe part of the island intersected by the crossings.
407 Elevators
**407.1 General.**New elevators required to be *accessible*shall comply with 407.2. New *destination-oriented elevators* required to be *accessible*shall comply with 407.3. New limited use/limited application elevators required to be *accessible*shall comply with 407.4.*Altered**elements* of existing elevators shall complywith 407.5. 

**407.2 New Elevators.** New *accessible* elevators shallcomply with 407.2.1 through 407.2.13 and with ASME/ANSI A17.1. They shall be passengerelevators as classified by ASME/ANSI A17.1.

**407.2.1 Automatic Operation.** Elevator operation shall beautomatic. Each car shall be equipped with a self-leveling feature that will automaticallybring and maintain the car at floor landings within a tolerance of 1/2 inch (13 mm) underrated loading to zero loading conditions.

**407.2.2 Call Buttons.**Call buttons in elevator lobbies andhalls shall be located vertically between 35 inches (890 mm) and 48 inches (1220 mm) abovethe floor, measured to the centerline of the button. A clear floor space complying with 305 shall be provided. Such call buttons shall have visiblesignals to indicate when each call is registered and when each call is answered. Callbuttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension. The button thatdesignates the up direction shall be located above the button that designates the downdirection. Buttons shall be raised or flush. Objects located beneath hall call buttonsshall protrude 4 inches (100 mm) maximum into the clear floor space.

**407.2.3 Hall Signals.**A visible and audible signal shallbe provided at each hoistway entrance to indicate which car is answering a call and thedirection of travel. Alternatively, in-car signals shall be located in cars, visible fromthe floor area adjacent to the hall call buttons, and shall comply the requirements ofthis section.

**407.2.3.1 Audible Signals.**Audible signals shall soundonce for the up direction and twice for the down direction, or shall have verbalannunciators that state the word "up" or "down." Audible signals orverbal annunciators shall have a frequency of 1500 Hz maximum. The audible signal orverbal annunciator shall be 20 dBA minimum and 80 dBA maximum, measured at theannunciator.

**407.2.3.2 Visible Signals.**Visible signals shall complywith 407.2.3.2.1 through 407.2.3.2.3.

**407.2.3.2.1 Height.**Hall signal fixtures shall becentered at 72 inches (1830 mm) minimum above the floor or ground.

**407.2.3.2.2 Size.**The visible signal*elements*shall be 2-1/2 inches (64 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension.

**407.2.3.2.3 Visibility.**Signals shall be visible fromthe floor area adjacent to the hall call button.

**407.2.4 Tactile Signs on Hoistway Entrances.***Tactile**character* and Braille floor designations shall be provided on both jambs ofelevator hoistway entrances and shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) above the floor, measuredfrom the baseline of the*characters*. A *tactile* star shall also be providedon both jambs at the main entry level. Such *characters* shall be 2 inches (51 mm)high and shall comply with 703.2.

**407.2.5 Doors.**Elevator doors shall be the horizontaltype. Elevator hoistway and car doors shall open and close automatically. Elevator doorsshall be provided with a reopening device that shall stop and reopen a car door andhoistway door automatically if the door becomes obstructed by an object or person. Thedevice shall be activated by sensing an obstruction passing through the opening at 5inches (125 mm) and 29 inches (735 mm) above the floor. The device shall not requirephysical contact to be activated, although contact may occur before the door reverses.Door reopening devices shall remain effective for 20 seconds minimum.

**407.2.6 Door and Signal Timing for Hall Calls.** The minimumacceptable time from notification that a car is answering a call or designation of whichcar is assigned to a lobby destination floor entry until the doors of that car start toclose shall be calculated from the following equation: 

T = D/(1.5 ft/s) or T = D/(455 mm/s) = 5 seconds minimum

where T equals the total time in seconds and D equals the distance (in feet ormillimeters) from the point in the lobby or corridor 60 inches (1525 mm) directly in frontof the farthest call button controlling that car to the centerline of its hoistway door.For cars with in-car lanterns, T begins when the signal is visible from the point 60inches (1525 mm) directly in front of the farthest hall call button and the audible signalis sounded.

**407.2.7 Door Delay for Car Calls.** Elevator doors shallremain fully open in response to a car call for 3 seconds minimum.

**407.2.8 Inside Dimensions of Elevator Cars.**Clear width ofelevator doors and inside dimensions of elevator cars shall comply with Table 407.2.8.
Table 407.2.8 Elevator Door and Car Sizes**MINIMUM DIMENSIONS****Door Location****Door Clear Width****Inside Car, Side to Side****Inside Car, Back Wall to Front Return****Inside Car, Back Wall to Inside Face of    Door**Centered 42 inches (1065 mm) 80 inches (2030 mm) 51 inches (1295 mm) 54 inches (1370 mm) Side (Off- centered) 36 inches (915 mm)168 inches (1725 mm) 51 inches (1295 mm) 54 inches (1370 mm) Any 36 inches (915 mm)1 54 inches (1370 mm) 80 inches (2030 mm) 80 inches (2030 mm) Any 36 inches (915 mm)160 inches (1525 mm)260 inches (1525 mm)260 inches (1525 mm)2Notes:- A tolerance of minus 5/8 inch (16 mm) is permitted. 
- Other car configurations that provide a wheelchair turning space complying with  304  with the door closed are permitted. 

**407.2.9 Floor Surfaces.** Floor surfaces in elevator carsshall comply with 302. The clearance between the carplatform sill and the edge of any hoistway landing shall be 1-1/4 inch (32 mm) maximum.

**407.2.10 Illumination Levels.** The level of illuminationat the car controls, platform, car threshold and car landing sill shall be 5 footcandles(54 lux) minimum.

**407.2.11 Car Controls.** Elevator controls shall complywith 407.2.11.1 through 407.2.11.4.

**407.2.11.1 Buttons.** Buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm)minimum in their smallest dimension. Buttons shall be raised or flush. Buttons shall bearranged with numbers in ascending order. When two or more columns of buttons are providedthey shall read from left to right. Keypads, where provided, shall be in a standardtelephone keypad arrangement. 

**407.2.11.2 Designations and Indicators for Control Buttons.**Control buttons shall be identified by *tactile**characters* complying with 703.2. *Characters* and Braille shall be placedimmediately to the left of the button to which the designations apply. The control buttonfor the main entry floor and control buttons, other than remaining buttons with floordesignations, shall be identified with *tactile* symbols as shown in Table407.2.11.2. Buttons with floor designations shall be provided with visible indicators toshow that a call has been registered. The visible indication shall extinguish when the cararrives at the designated floor. Where provided, telephone- style keypad buttons shall beidentified by*tactile**characters* complying with 703.2except that Braille is not required. *Characters* shall be centered on thecorresponding keypad button.
Table 407.2.11.2 Elevator Control Button Identification**Control Button****Tactile Symbol****Braille Message**Emergency Stop *[insert symbol]**[insert symbol]* "ST"OP Three    cells Alarm *[insert symbol]**[insert symbol]*AL"AR"M Four    cells Door Open *[insert symbol]**[insert symbol]* OP"EN" Three    cells Door Close *[insert symbol]**[insert symbol]*CLOSE Five cells Main Entry Floor *[insert symbol]**[insert symbol]* MA"IN" Three    cells Phone *[insert symbol]**[insert symbol]* PH"ONE" Four    cells - 407.2.11.3 Height.  Buttons with floor designations shall    be located 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor. Emergency controls, including the    emergency alarm, shall be grouped at the bottom of the panel. Emergency control buttons    shall have their centerlines 35 inches (890 mm) minimum above the floor.
- EXCEPTION:  Where the elevator serves more than 16 openings and parallel approach    is provided, buttons with floor designations shall be located 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum    above the floor. 

**407.2.11.4 Location**. Controls shall be located toaccommodate a forward reach or side reach as specified in 308.

**407.2.12 Car Position Indicators.** In elevator cars,audible and visible car location indicators shall be provided.

**407.2.12.1 Visible Indicators**. Indicator shall belocated above the car control panel or above the door. Numerals shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm)high minimum. As the car passes a floor and when a car stops at a floor served by theelevator, the corresponding *character* shall illuminate.

**407.2.12.2 Audible Indicators**. The audible signal shallbe 20 dBA minimum and 80 dBA maximum, measured at the annunciator, and shall have afrequency of 1500 Hz maximum. The signal shall be an automatic verbal announcement whichannounces the floor at which the car has stopped except an audible signal which sounds asthe car passes or stops at a floor served by the elevator shall be acceptable forelevators with a rated speed of 200 feet per minute (1.02 m/s) or less.

**407.2.13 Emergency Communications.** Emergency two-waycommunication systems between the elevator car and a point outside the hoistway shallcomply with ASME/ANSI A17.1. The highest operable part of a two-way communication systemshall be 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor. The device shall be identified by *tactile**characters* complying with 703.2 located adjacentto the device. If the system uses a handset, the cord from the panel to the handset shallbe at least 29 inches (735 mm) minimum. The car emergency signaling device shall not belimited to voice communication. If instructions for use are provided, essentialinformation shall be presented in both *tactile* and visual form.

**407.3 New Destination-Oriented Elevators.**New*accessible**destination-oriented elevators* shall comply with 407.2.1, 407.2.4 through 407.2.10,and 407.2.13. Such elevators shall also comply with 407.3.1 through 407.3.5 and ASME/ANSIA17.1. They shall be passenger elevators as classified by ASME/ANSI A17.1.

**407.3.1 Call Buttons.**Call buttons shall be locatedvertically between 35 inches (890 mm) and 48 inches (1220 mm) above the floor, measured tothe centerline of the button. A clear floor space complying with 305 shall be provided.Call buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension. Buttons shall beraised or flush. Objects located beneath hall call buttons shall protrude 4 inches (100mm) maximum into the clear floor space. A keypad or other means for the entry ofdestination information shall be provided. Keypads, where provided, shall be in a standardtelephone keypad arrangement. Visible and audible signals which indicate which elevatorcar to enter shall be provided.

**407.3.2 Hall Signals.**A visible and audible signal shallbe provided to indicate a car destination corresponding with 407.3.1. The audible tone andverbal announcement shall be the same as those given at the call button or call buttonkeypad. Each elevator in a bank shall have audible and visible means for differentiation. 

**407.3.2.1 Visible Signals.**Visible signals shall complywith 407.3.2.1.1 through 407.3.2.1.3.

**407.3.2.1.1 Height.**Hall signal fixtures shall becentered at 72 inches (1830 mm) minimum above the floor or ground.

**407.3.2.1.2 Size.**The visible signal*elements*shall be 2-1/2 inches (64 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension.

**407.3.2.1.3 Visibility.**Signals shall be visible fromthe floor area adjacent to the hoistway entrance.

**407.3.3 Car Controls.** Emergency controls, including theemergency alarm, shall have their centerlines 35 inches (890 mm) minimum and 48 inches(1220 mm) maximum above the floor. Buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in theirsmallest dimension. Buttons shall be raised or flush. Controls shall be located toaccommodate a forward reach or side reach as specified in 308.

**407.3.4 Car Position Indicators.** In elevator cars, audibleand visible car location indicators shall be provided.

**407.3.4.1 Visible Indicators**. Indicators shall belocated above the car control panel or above the door. Numerals shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm)high minimum. A display shall be provided in the car with visible indicators to show cardestinations. The visible indicators shall extinguish when the call has been answered.

**407.3.4.2 Audible Indicators**. An automatic verbalannouncement which announces the floor at which the car has stopped shall be provided. Theannouncement shall be 20 dBA minimum and 80 dBA maximum, measured at the annunciator.

**407.3.5 Elevator Car Identification**. In addition to the *tactile**signs* required by 407.2.4, a *tactile*elevator car identification shall be placed immediately below the hoistway entrance floordesignation. The *characters* shall be 2 inches (51 mm) high and shall comply with 703.2.

**407.4 New Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators.**New *accessible*limited-use/limited application elevators shall comply with 407.4.1 through 407.4.10 andshall comply with ASME/ANSI A17.1, Part XXV.

**407.4.1 Automatic Operations.** Elevator operation shall beautomatic. Each car shall automatically stop at a floor landing within a tolerance of 1/2inch (13 mm) under rated loading to zero loading conditions.

**407.4.2 Call Buttons.** Call buttons in elevator lobbies andhalls shall be located vertically between 35 inches (890 mm) and 48 inches (1220 mm) abovethe floor, measured to the centerline of the button*.* Such call buttons shall havevisible signals to indicate when each call is registered and when each call is answered.Call buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19 mm) minimum in the smallest dimension, and shall beraised or flush. The button that designates the up direction shall be located above thebutton that designates the down direction. Objects located beneath hall call buttons shallprotrude into the floor area adjacent to the hoistway entrance 4 inches (100 mm) maximum.

**407.4.3 Hall Signals.** A visible and audible signalcomplying with 407.2.3 shall be provided in the car or at each hoistway entrance toindicate the direction of travel. 

**407.4.4 Tactile Signs on Hoistway Entrances.***Tactile**character* and Braille floor designations shall be provided on both jambs ofelevator hoistway entrances and shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) above the floor measured fromthe baseline of the*characters*. Such *characters* shall be 2 inches (51 mm)high and shall comply with 703.2.

**407.4.5 Doors.**Elevator hoistway doors shall be eitherswinging or horizontally sliding type. Elevator hoistway and car doors shall open andclose automatically. Horizontally sliding type hoistway and car doors shall comply with 407.2.5. Swinging hoistway doors shall conform to 404. Swinging doors shall be low energy power-operated andshall comply with ANSI/BHMA A156.1.9 Power operated swing doors shall remain open for 20seconds minimum when activated.

**407.4.6 Inside Dimensions of Elevator Cars.** Elevator carsshall provide a clear width of 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum and a clear depth of 54 inches(1370 mm) minimum. For installations in existing *buildings*, elevator cars shallprovide a clear width of 36 inches (915 mm) minimum, a clear depth of 54 inches (1370 mm)minimum, and a net clear platform area of 15 square feet (1.4 m2) minimum. Car doors shallbe positioned at the narrow end of the car and shall provide a clear width of 32 inches(815 mm) minimum.

**407.4.7 Floor Surfaces.** Floor surfaces in elevator carsshall comply with 302. The horizontal distance between thecar platform sill and the edge of any hoistway landing shall be 1-1/4 inches (32 mm)maximum.

**407.4.8 Illumination Levels.** The level of illumination atthe car controls, platform, and car threshold and landing sill shall be 5 footcandles(53.8 lux) minimum. 

**407.4.9 Car Controls.** Elevator controls shall comply with 407.2.11.1 through 407.2.11.3. Controls shall becentered on a side wall and shall comply with 309. 

**407.4.10 Emergency Communications.**Car emergencysignaling devices complying with 407.2.13 shall beprovided.

**407.5 Existing Elevators.***Altered**elements* ofexisting*destination-oriented elevators* shall comply with 407.3.*Altered**elements* of existinglimited-use/limited- application elevators shall comply with 407.4.*Altered elements* of all other existing elevators shall comply with 407.2.1, 407.2.4, 407.2.6, 407.2.7, 407.2.9,407.2.10 and 407.2.13 and with 407.5.1 through 407.5.7 or shall complywith 407.2. They shall be passenger elevators asclassified by ASME/ANSI A17.1.

**407.5.1 Call Buttons.**Call buttons in elevator lobbies andhalls shall be located vertically between 35 inches (890 mm) and 54 inches (1370 mm) abovethe floor, measured to the centerline of the button. A clear floor or ground spacecomplying with 305 shall be provided. The button thatdesignates the up direction shall be located above the button that designates the downdirection. Keypad controls, if provided, shall comply with 407.2.11.

**407.5.2 Hall Signals.** A visible and audible signal at eachhoistway entrance to indicate which car is answering a call or in-car signals complyingwith 407.2.3 shall be provided. Audible signals shallsound once for the up direction and twice for the down direction, or shall have verbalannunciators that state the word "up" or "down". If new hall signalsare installed, they shall comply with 407.2.3.

**407.5.3 Door Operation.** Power operated horizontallysliding car and hoistway doors opened and closed by automatic means shall comply with 407.2.5. Existing manually operated hoistway swing doorsshall comply with 404.2.3 and 404.2.9. A power operated car door that opens and maintainsa 32 inches (815 mm) minimum clear width shall be provided. Closing of the car door shallnot be initiated until the hoistway door is closed. Car gates are prohibited. - 407.5.4 Inside Dimensions of Elevator Cars.  The inside    dimensions of elevator cars shall comply with  407.2.8 .
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to existing elevator car    configurations that provide a clear floor area of 16 square feet (1.5 m2) minimum, and    provide 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum inside clear depth and 36 inches (915 mm) minimum    clear width.

**407.5.5 Car Controls.** Elevator controls shall comply with407.5.5.1 through 407.5.5.4. 

**407.5.5.1 Buttons.** Control buttons shall be 3/4 inch (19mm) minimum in their smallest dimension. Control buttons shall be raised, flush orrecessed. Where the car operating panel is changed, control buttons shall comply with 407.2.11.1. - 407.5.5.2 Designations and Indicators for Control Buttons.     Control buttons shall comply with  407.2.11.2 .
- EXCEPTION : Where space on an existing car operating panel precludes  tactile     markings to the left of the controls, markings shall be placed as near to the control as    possible.

**407.5.5.3 Height.** Floor buttons shall be located 54inches (1370 mm) maximum above the floor for parallel approach and 48 inches (1220 mm)maximum for front approach. Where the panel is changed, it shall comply with 407.2.11.3.

**407.5.5.4 Operating Panels.** Where a new car operatingpanel complying with 407.2.11 is provided, existingcar operating panels not conforming to 407.2.11 shallnot be required to be removed.

**407.5.6 Car Position Indicators.** Where a new car positionindicator is provided, the indicator shall comply with 407.2.12.

**407.5.7 Identification.***Accessible* elevators shallbe clearly identified with the International Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7 unless all elevators in the *building* are *accessible*.
408 Wheelchair (Platform) Lifts
**408.1 General.**Wheelchair (platform) lifts shall comply withASME/ANSI A17.1 and with 302, 305and 309. Wheelchair (platform) lifts shall not beattendant- operated and shall provide unassisted entry and exit from the lift. 

**408.2 Doors and Gates.** Where a lift does not allow a user topass through the lift, the lift shall have power- operated doors or gates. Where *automaticdoors* or gates are provided, they shall be low energy power- operated and shall complywith ANSI/BHMA A156.9. Power operated doors and gates shall remain open for 20 secondsminimum when activated.
409 Accessible Means of Egress
**409.1 General.** Each required *accessible means of egress*shall be continuous to a public way and shall consist of one or more of the followingcomponents:*accessible routes* complying with 402,exit stairways complying with 409.2, elevators complying with 409.3, horizontal exits orsmoke barriers. Wheelchair (platform) lifts shall not serve as part of an *accessiblemeans of egress*. - 409.2 Exit Stairways.  An exit stairway to be considered part    of an  accessible means of egress  shall conform to 504 and shall have a clear width    of 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum between handrails and shall either incorporate an  area    of refuge  within an enlarged floor-level landing or shall be accessed from either an  area    of refuge  complying with 410 or a horizontal exit.
- EXCEPTIONS:    - This requirement shall not apply to exit stairways serving a single guest room. 
  - This requirement shall not apply to exit stairways in  buildings  or  facilities         protected throughout by a supervised automatic sprinkler system.
  - The clear width of 48 inches (1220 mm) between handrails is not required for exit        stairways accessed from a horizontal exit. 
  - This requirement shall not apply to exit stairways serving open parking garages. 
- 409.3 Elevators.  An elevator to be considered part of an     accessible means of egress  shall comply with the requirements of Rule 211 of ASME/ANSI    A17.1 and standby power shall be provided. The elevator shall be accessed from either an  area    of refuge  complying with  410  or a horizontal exit.
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Elevators are not required to be accessed from an  area of refuge  or horizontal        exit in open parking garages. 
  - Elevators are not required to be accessed from an  area of refuge  or horizontal        exit in  buildings  and  facilities  protected throughout by a supervised        automatic sprinkler system. 
410 Areas of Refuge
**410.1 General.**Where *areas of refuge* are required,they shall comply with 410. 

**410.2 Location.** Each *area of refuge* shall be accessedfrom the *space* it serves by an *accessible route* which serves as an *accessiblemeans of egress*. The maximum travel distance to an *area of refuge* shall notexceed the travel distance permitted for the occupancy by the administrative authority.Every *area of refuge* shall have direct access to an exit stairway complying with 409.2 or an elevator complying with 409.3.

**410.3 Size.**Each *area of refuge* shall be sized toaccommodate one *wheelchair space* complying with 305.3for each 200 occupants or portion thereof, based on the occupant load of the *area ofrefuge* and all areas served by the *area of refuge*. Such *wheelchair spaces*shall not overlap the required means of egress width. Access to any required *wheelchairspace* shall not be through more than one adjoining *wheelchair space*. 

**410.4 Construction.** Each *area of refuge* shall beseparated from the remainder of the *story* by a smoke barrier having a one-hourminimum fire-resistance rating. Smoke barriers shall extend to the floor or roof deckabove. Doors in the smoke barrier shall have a 20 minute minimum fire-resistance rating.Doors shall be self-closing or automatic closing by smoke detection. HVAC openings insmoke barriers, where permitted, shall be ducted and provided with a smoke-actuated damperdesigned to resist the passage of smoke. - 410.5 Smoke Resistance.  Every  area of refuge  shall be    designed to prevent the intrusion of smoke.
- EXCEPTIONS :    - This requirement shall not apply where the  areas of refuge  and all areas served        by the  area of refuge  are protected by an automatic sprinkler system.
  - This requirement shall not apply to  areas of refuge  located within an exit stair        enclosure. 

**410.5.1 Elevator Lobby.**Where an elevator lobby is used asan *area of refuge*, the elevator hoistway and lobby shall be pressurized to complywith the requirements for smokeproof enclosures, except where elevators are in an *areaof refuge* formed by a horizontal exit or smoke barrier.

**410.6 Communication System.**Every *area of refuge*shall be provided with an *accessible* two-way communication system between the *areaof refuge* and a central control point. The communication system shall have bothaudible and visible signals. 

**410.7 Instructions.** In each *area of refuge* providedwith a two-way communication system, instructions on the use of the area under emergencyconditions shall be posted adjacent to the communications system. The instructions shallinclude: - Directions to other means of egress. 
- Advice that persons able to use the exit stairs do so as soon as possible unless they    are assisting others. 
- Information on planned availability of assistance in the use of stairs or supervised    operation of elevators and how to summon such assistance. 
- Directions for use of emergency communications system. 

**410.8 Identification.** Each *area of refuge* shall beidentified by a *tactile**sign* stating "Area of Refuge" complyingwith 703.2 and including the International Symbol ofAccessibility complying with 703.7. A *sign* shallbe located at each door providing access to the *area of refuge*. The *sign*shall be illuminated as required for exit *signs* where exit *sign* illuminationis required. 
CHAPTER 5: GENERAL SITE AND BUILDING ELEMENTS501 General
**501.1 Scope.**General *site* and *building**elements*required to be *accessible* by Chapter 2 shallcomply with the applicable provisions of this chapter.
502 Parking Spaces
**502.1 General.**Car and van parking spaces required to be *accessible*shall comply with 502. 

**502.2 Vehicle Spaces.** Car and van parking spaces shall be 96inches (2440 mm) wide minimum and shall have an adjacent access aisle complying with502.3.

**502.3 Access Aisle.**Access aisles serving parking spacesshall comply with 302 and 502.3.1 through 502.3.3. Accessaisles shall adjoin an *accessible route*. Two parking spaces shall be permitted toshare a common access aisle.

**502.3.1 Width.**Access aisles serving car parking spacesshall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum. Access aisles serving van parking spaces shallbe 96 inches (2440 mm) wide minimum.

**502.3.2 Length**. Access aisles shall extend the full lengthof the parking spaces they serve.

**502.3.3 Marking.** Access aisles shall be marked so as todiscourage parking in them.

**502.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces.**Parking spaces and accessaisles serving them shall have surface slopes not steeper than 1:48 in all directions.Changes in level are not permitted. Access aisles shall be at the same level as theparking spaces they serve. 

**502.5 Vertical Clearance.**Van parking spaces, access aislesserving them and a vehicular route to van parking spaces shall provide a verticalclearance of 98 inches (2490 mm) minimum.

**502.6 Identification.**Where *accessible* parking spacesare required to be identified by *signs*, the *signs* shall include theInternational Symbol of Accessibility complying with 703.7.Such *signs* shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum above the floor or ground surfacemeasured to the bottom of the *sign*.
503 Passenger Loading Zones
**503.1 General.**Passenger loading zones required to be*accessible* shall comply with 503. 

**503.2 Vehicle Pull-up Space.**Passenger loading zones shallprovide a vehicular pull-up space 96 inches (2440 mm) minimum in width, 20 feet (6100 mm)minimum in length and an adjacent access aisle complying with 503.3.

**503.3 Access Aisle.**Access aisles serving passenger loadingzones shall comply with 302 and 503.3.1 through 503.3.3.Access aisles shall adjoin an *accessible route*.

**503.3.1 Width.**Access aisles serving vehicle pull- upspaces shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum.

**503.3.2 Length.**Access aisles shall be 20 feet (6100 mm)minimum in length and shall extend the full length of the vehicle pull-up spaces theyserve.

**503.3.3****Marking.** Access aisles shall be marked soas to discourage parking in them.

**503.4 Floor and Ground Surfaces.**Vehicle pull-up spaces andaccess aisles serving them shall have surface slopes not steeper than 1:48. Changes inlevel are not permitted. Access aisles shall be at the same level as the vehicle pull-upspace they serve.

**503.5 Vertical Clearance.** Vehicle pull-up spaces, accessaisles serving them and a vehicular route to the passenger loading zone shall provide avertical clearance of 114 inches (2895 mm) minimum.
504 Stairways
**504.1 General.**Stairs required to be *accessible* shallcomply with 504.

**504.2 Treads and Risers.** All steps on a flight of stairsshall have uniform riser heights and uniform tread depths. Risers shall be 4 inches (100mm) minimum in height and 7 inches (180 mm) maximum in height. Treads shall be 11 inches(280 mm) minimum in depth, measured from riser to riser.

**504.3 Open risers.** Open risers are not permitted.

**504.4 Tread Surface.** Stair treads shall comply with 302.Treads shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48. Changes in level are not permitted.

**504.5 Nosings.** The radius of curvature at the leading edgeof the tread shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) maximum. Nosings that project beyond verticalrisers shall have the underside of the leading edge curved or beveled. If not vertical,risers shall slope under the tread at an angle of 30 degrees maximum from vertical;however, the permitted projection of the nosing shall be 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) maximumbeyond the rear of the tread below. 

**504.6 Handrails.** Stairs shall have handrails complying with 505.

**504.7 Outdoor Conditions.** Outdoor stairs and outdoorapproaches to stairs shall be designed so that water will not accumulate on walkingsurfaces.
505 Handrails
**505.1 General.**Handrails required by 405 at *ramps* or 504 at stairs shall comply with 505. - 505.2 Where Required.  Handrails shall be provided on both    sides of stairs and  ramps . 
- EXCEPTION : Handrails are not required on both sides of aisle stairs and aisle  ramps     provided with a handrail at either side or within the aisle width.
- 505.3 Continuity.  Handrails shall be continuous within the    full length of each stair flight or  ramp  run.
- EXCEPTION : Handrails are not required to be continuous in aisles serving seating.

**505.4****Height.**Top of gripping surfaces of handrailsshall be 34 inches (865 mm) minimum and 38 inches (965 mm) maximum vertically above stairnosings and *ramp* surfaces. Handrails shall be at a consistent height above stairnosings and *ramp* surfaces.

**505.5 Clearance.** Clearance between handrail and wall shallbe 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum. - 505.6 Gripping Surface.  Gripping surfaces shall be    continuous, without interruption by newel posts, other construction  elements , or    obstructions.
- EXCEPTION : Handrail brackets or balusters attached to the bottom surface of the    handrail shall not be considered obstructions provided they comply with the following:    - Not more than 20 percent of the handrail length is obstructed; 
  - Horizontal projections beyond the sides of the handrail occur 2-1/2 inches (64 mm)        minimum below the bottom of the handrail, and 
  - Edges have a 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) minimum radius. 

**505.7 Cross Section.** Handrails shall have a circular crosssection with an outside diameter of 1-1/4 inches (32 mm) minimum and 2 inches (51 mm)maximum, or shall provide equivalent graspability in accordance with 505.7.1. 

**505.7.1 Non-Circular Cross Sections.**Non- circular crosssections shall have a perimeter dimension of 4 inches (100 mm) minimum and 6- 1/4 inches(160 mm) maximum, and a cross-section dimension of 2-1/4 inches (57 mm) maximum. 

**505.8 Surfaces.** Handrails and any wall or other surfacesadjacent to them shall be free of any sharp or abrasive *elements*. Edges shall havea 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) minimum radius.

**505.9 Fittings.**Handrails shall not rotate within theirfittings. - 505.10 Handrail Extensions.  Handrails shall extend beyond    stair runs and  ramp  runs in accordance with 505.10.1 through 505.10.3.
- EXCEPTIONS :    - Extensions are not required for continuous handrails at the inside turn of switchback or        dogleg stairs and  ramps .
  - Extensions are not required for handrails in aisles serving seating where the handrails        are necessarily discontinuous to provide access to seating and to permit crossovers within        the aisle.
  - In  alterations , full extension of handrails shall not be required where such        extensions would be hazardous or impossible due to plan configuration. 

**505.10.1 Top and Bottom Extension at Ramps.***Ramp*handrails shall extend horizontally above the landing for 12 inches (305 mm) minimumbeyond the top and bottom of *ramp* runs. Such extension shall return to a wall,guard or the walking surface or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent*ramp*run. 

**505.10.2 Top Extension at Stairs.** At the top of a stairflight, handrails shall extend horizontally above the landing for 12 inches (305 mm)minimum beginning directly above the first riser nosing. Such extension shall return to awall, guard or the walking surface or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacentstair flight.

**505.10.3 Bottom Extension at Stairs.** At the bottom of astair flight, handrails shall extend at the slope of the stair flight for a horizontaldistance equal to one tread depth beyond the last riser nosing and an additional 12 inches(305 mm) minimum horizontally at a height equal to that of the sloping portion of thehandrail as measured above the stair nosings. Such extension shall return to a wall, guardor the walking surface or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent stair flight.
CHAPTER 6: PLUMBING ELEMENTS AND FACILITIES601 General
**601.1 Scope.**Plumbing *elements* and *facilities*required to be *accessible* by Chapter 2 shallcomply with the applicable provisions of this chapter. 
602 Drinking Fountains and Water Coolers
**602.1 General.** Fixed drinking fountains and water coolersrequired to be *accessible* shall comply with 307 and602.

**602.2 Clear Floor Space.** Units shall have a clear floor orground space complying with 305.

**602.2.1 Forward Approach.** Where a forward approach isprovided, the clear floor space shall be centered on the unit and shall include knee andtoe clearance complying with 306.

**602.2.2 Parallel Approach.** Where a parallel approach isprovided, the clear floor space shall be centered on the unit.

**602.3 Controls and Operating Mechanisms.***Controls andoperating mechanisms* shall comply with 309.

**602.4 Spout Height.**Spout outlets shall be 36 inches (915mm) maximum above the floor or ground.

**602.5 Spout Location.**Units with a parallel approach shallhave the spout located 3-1/2 inches (90 mm) maximum from the front edge of the unit,including bumpers. Units with a forward approach shall have the spout located 15 inches(380 mm) minimum from the vertical support and 5 inches (125 mm) maximum from the frontedge of the unit, including bumpers.

**602.6 Water Flow.**The spout shall provide a flow of water atleast 4 inches (100 mm) high so as to allow the insertion of a cup or glass under the flowof water. Measured horizontally relative to the front face of the unit, the angle of thewater stream from spouts located within 3 inches (75 mm) of the front of the unit shall be30 degrees maximum and from spouts located between 3 inches (75 mm) and 5 inches (125 mm)from the front shall be 15 degrees maximum.
603 Toilet and Bathing Rooms
**603.1 General.** Toilet and bathing rooms required to be*accessible* shall comply with 603.

**603.2 Clear Floor Space.**

**603.2.1 Wheelchair Turning Space.** Wheelchair turning spacecomplying with 304 shall be provided within the room.

**603.2.2 Overlap.**Required clear floor spaces, clearancearound water closets, and wheelchair turning space shall be permitted to overlap. - 603.2.3 Doors.  Doors shall not swing into the clear floor    space or clearance required for any fixture.
- EXCEPTIONS :    - Doors to a toilet and bathing room for a single occupant, accessed only through a        private office and not for  common  or  public use  shall be permitted to swing        into the clear floor space provided the swing of the door can be reversed to meet 603.2.3.
  - This requirement shall not apply where the toilet and bathing room is for individual use        and a clear floor space complying with  305  is provided        within the room, beyond the arc of the door swing. 

**603.3 Mirrors.** Mirrors shall be mounted with the bottom edgeof the reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm) maximum above the finish floor. 

**603.4 Coat Hooks and Shelves.***Accessible* coat hooksprovided within toilet rooms shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified in 308. Where provided, a fold-down shelf shall be located 40inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor.
604 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments
**604.1 General.**Water closets and toilet compartmentsrequired to be *accessible* shall comply with 604.

**604.2 Location.** The water closet shall be located with awall or partition to the rear and to one side. The centerline of the water closet shall be16 inches (405 mm) minimum to 18 inches (455 mm) maximum from the side wall or partition,except that the water closet shall be centered in the ambulatory *accessible* toiletcompartment specified in 604.8.2. 

**604.3 Clear Floor Space.**

**604.3.1 Clearance.** Clearance around a water closet shallbe 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum measured perpendicular from the side wall and 56 inches(1420 mm) minimum measured perpendicular from the rear wall. No other fixtures orobstructions shall be located within the required water closet clearance.

**604.3.2 Overlap.** The required clearance around the watercloset shall be permitted to overlap the fixture, associated grab bars, tissue dispensers,*accessible routes*, clear floor space required at other fixtures and the wheelchairturning space, except as modified herein. - 604.4 Height.  The height of water closets shall be 17 inches    (430 mm) minimum to 19 inches (485 mm) maximum measured to the top of the toilet seat.    Seats shall not be sprung to return to a lifted position.
- EXCEPTION:  The height requirement shall not apply to a water closet in a toilet    room for a single occupant, accessed only through a private office and not for  common     or  public use .

**604.5 Grab Bars.**Grab bars for water closets shall complywith 609. Grab bars shall be provided on the rear wall andon the side wall closest to the water closet.

**604.5.1 Side Wall.** Side wall grab bar shall be 42 inches(1065 mm) long minimum, located 12 inches (305 mm) maximum from the rear wall andextending 54 inches (1370 mm) minimum from the rear wall. - 604.5.2 Rear Wall.  The rear wall grab bar shall be 24    inches (610 mm) long minimum, centered on the water closet. Where space permits, the bar    shall be 36 inches (915 mm) long minimum with the additional length provided on the    transfer side of the water closet.
- EXCEPTION:  Grab bars are not required to be installed in a toilet room for a    single occupant, accessed only through a private office and not for  common  or  public    use  provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to    permit the installation of such grab bars. 

**604.6 Flush Controls.** Flush controls shall be hand operatedor automatic. Hand operated flush controls shall comply with 309.

**604.7 Dispensers.** Toilet paper dispensers shall comply with 309.4 and shall be 7 inches (180 mm) minimum and 9 inches(230 mm) maximum in front of the water closet. The outlet of the dispenser shall be 15inches (380 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor. There shall be aclearance of 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum below and 12 inches (305 mm) minimum above thegrab bar. Dispensers shall not be of a type that control delivery or that do not allowcontinuous paper flow.

**604.8 Toilet Compartments.***Accessible* toiletcompartments shall meet the requirements of 604.8.1 through 604.8.5. Compartmentscontaining more than one plumbing fixture shall comply with 603.

**604.8.1 Wheelchair Accessible Compartments.**

**604.8.1.1 Size.** Wheelchair accessible compartments shallbe 60 inches (1525 mm) wide minimum measured perpendicular to the side wall, and 56 inches(1420 mm) deep minimum for wall hung water closets and 59 inches (1500 mm) deep minimumfor floor mounted water closets measured perpendicular to the rear wall.

**604.8.1.2 Doors.** Compartment doors shall not swing intothe minimum required compartment area.

**604.8.1.3 Approach.** Compartments shall be arranged forleft-hand or right-hand approach.

**604.8.1.4 Toe Clearance.** In wheelchair accessiblecompartments, the front partition and at least one side partition shall provide a toeclearance of 9 inches (230 mm) minimum above the floor and 6 inches (150 mm) deep minimumbeyond the compartment-side face of the partition, exclusive of partition support members.Toe clearance at the front partition is not required in a compartment greater than 62inches (1575 mm) deep with a wall-hung water closet or 65 inches (1650 mm) deep with afloor-mounted water closet. Toe clearance at the side partition is not required in acompartment greater than 66 inches (1675 mm) wide.

**604.8.2 Ambulatory Accessible Compartments.** Ambulatoryaccessible compartments shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) deep minimum and 36 inches (915 mm)wide. Compartment doors shall not swing into the minimum required compartment area.

**604.8.3 Doors.**Toilet compartment doors, including doorhardware, shall comply with 404 except that if the approach is to the latch side of thecompartment door, clearance between the door side of the stall and any obstruction shallbe a minimum of 42 inches (1065 mm). The door shall be hinged 4 inches (100 mm) maximumfrom the side wall or partition farthest from the water closet. The door shall be self-closing. A door pull complying with 404.2.7 shall beplaced on both sides of the door near the latch.

**604.8.4 Grab Bars.** Grab bars in toilet compartments shallcomply with 609. 

**604.8.4.1 Wheelchair Accessible Compartments.** Aside-wall grab bar complying with 604.5.1 located onthe wall closest to the water closet and a rear-wall grab bar complying with 604.5.2 shall be provided.

**604.8.4.2 Ambulatory Accessible Compartments.** Aside-wall grab bar complying with 604.5.1 shall beprovided on both sides of the compartment. 

**604.8.5 Coat Hooks and Shelves.***Accessible* coathooks provided within toilet compartments shall be located within one of the reach rangesspecified in 308. When provided, a fold-down shelf shall belocated 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor.
605 Urinals
**605.1 General.** Urinals required to be *accessible*shall comply with 605.

**605.2 Height.** Urinals shall be stall-type or wall-hung typewith the rim 17 inches (430 mm) maximum above the floor or ground.

**605.3 Clear Floor Space.** A clear floor or ground spacecomplying with 305 positioned for forward approach shall be provided. This clear spaceshall adjoin or overlap an *accessible route*.

**605.4 Flush Controls.** Flush controls shall be hand operatedor automatic. Hand operated flush controls shall comply with 309.4and shall be 44 inches (1120 mm) maximum above the floor or ground. 
606 Lavatories and Sinks
**606.1 General.** Sinks, lavatory fixtures, vanities andbuilt-in lavatories required to be *accessible* shall comply with 606. - 606.2 Clear Floor Space.  A clear floor space complying with  305  positioned for forward approach shall be provided. Knee    and toe clearance complying with  306  shall be provided. 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - A parallel approach shall be permitted to a kitchen sink in a space where a cook top or        conventional range is not provided.
  - The dip of the overflow shall not be considered in determining knee and toe clearances.
  - The requirement for knee and toe clearance shall not apply to a lavatory in a toilet and        bathing  facility  for a single occupant, accessed only through a private office and        not for  common  or  public use . 
- 606.3 Height.  Lavatories and sinks shall be mounted with the    front of the higher of the rim or counter surface 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the    finish floor.
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to a lavatory in a toilet and bathing     facility  for a single occupant, accessed only through a private office and not for  common     or  public use .

**606.4 Faucets.** Faucets shall comply with 309. Hand-operated, self-closing faucets shall remain open for at least 10 seconds.

**606.5 Bowl Depth.** The bowl shall be 6-1/2 inches (165 mm)deep maximum. Multiple compartment sinks shall have at least one compartment complyingwith this requirement. 

**606.6 Exposed Pipes and Surfaces.** Water supply and drainpipes under lavatories and sinks shall be insulated or otherwise configured to protectagainst contact. There shall be no sharp or abrasive surfaces under lavatories and sinks.
607 Bathtubs
**607.1 General.** Bathtubs required to be *accessible*shall comply with 607.

**607.2 Clear Floor Space.** Clearance in front of bathtubsshall extend the length of the tub and shall be 30 inches (760 mm) wide minimum. Alavatory complying with 606 shall be permitted at the footend of the clear floor space. Where a permanent seat is provided at the head end of thetub, the clear floor space shall extend a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) beyond the seat.

**607.3 Seat.** A permanent seat at the head end of the tub or aremovable in-tub seat shall be provided. Seats shall comply with 610. - 607.4 Grab Bars.  Grab bars for bathtubs shall comply with 609    and shall be provided in accordance with 607.4.1 and 607.4.2.
- EXCEPTION:  Grab bars are not required to be installed in a bathing  facility     for a single occupant accessed only through a private office and not for  common  or  public    use , provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so as to    permit the installation of such grab bars.

**607.4.1 Bathtubs With Permanent Seats.** For bathtubs withpermanent seats, grab bars shall be provided in accordance with 607.4.1.1 and 607.4.1.2.

**607.4.1.1 Back Wall.** Two grab bars shall be installed onthe back wall, one located in accordance with 609.3 andthe other located 9 inches (230 mm) above the rim of the tub. Each grab bar shall beinstalled 15 inches (380 mm) maximum from the head end wall and 12 inches (305 mm) maximumfrom the foot end wall.

**607.4.1.2 Foot End Wall.** A grab bar 24 inches (610 mm)long minimum shall be installed on the foot end wall at the front edge of the tub.

**607.4.2 Bathtubs Without Permanent Seats.** For bathtubswithout permanent seats, grab bars shall be provided in accordance with 607.4.2.1 through607.4.2.3. 

**607.4.2.1 Back Wall.** Two grab bars shall be installed onthe back wall, one located in accordance with 609.3 andother located 9 inches (230 mm) above the rim of the tub. Each grab bar shall be 24 inches(610 mm) long minimum and shall be installed 24 inches (610 mm) maximum from the head endwall and 12 inches (305 mm) maximum from the foot end wall. 

**607.4.2.2 Foot End Wall.** A grab bar 24 inches (610 mm)long minimum shall be installed on the foot end wall at the front edge of the tub.

**607.4.2.3 Head End Wall.** A grab bar 12 inches (305 mm)long minimum shall be installed on the head end wall at the front edge of the tub. 

**607.5 Controls.**Controls, other than drain stoppers, shallbe located on an end wall above the tub rim and below the grab bars, and between the frontedge of the tub and the mid-point of the width of the tub. Controls shall comply with 309.4.

**607.6 Shower Unit.** A shower spray unit with a hose at least59 inches (1500 mm) long that can be used both as a fixed shower head and as a hand-heldshower shall be provided. If an adjustable-height shower head mounted on a vertical bar isused, the bar shall be installed so as not to obstruct the use of grab bars.

**607.7 Bathtub Enclosures.** Enclosures for bathtubs shall notobstruct controls or transfer from wheelchairs onto bathtub seats or into tubs. Enclosureson bathtubs shall not have tracks mounted on the rim of the open face of the tub.
608 Shower Compartments
**608.1 General.** Shower compartments required to be*accessible* shall comply with 608. 

**608.2 Size and Clearances for Shower Compartments.**

**608.2.1 Transfer-type Shower Compartments.** Transfer-typeshower compartments shall be 36 inches (915 mm) by 36 inches (915 mm) inside finisheddimension measured at the centerpoint of opposing sides and shall have a minimum 36 inch(915 mm) wide entry on the face of the shower compartment. Clear floor space of 36 inches(915 mm) wide minimum by 48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum measured from the control wallshall be provided.

**608.2.2 Standard Roll-in-type Shower Compartment.** Standardroll-in type shower compartments shall be 30 inches (760 mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525mm) minimum clear inside dimension measured at the centerpoint of opposing sides and shallhave a minimum 60 inches (1525 mm) wide entry on the face of the shower compartment. A 30inch (760 mm) wide minimum by 60 inch (1525 mm) long minimum clear floor space shall beprovided adjacent to the open face of the shower compartment. A lavatory complying with 606 shall be permitted at the end of the clear space, oppositethe shower compartment end where the seat is mounted and opposite the shower compartmentside where shower controls are located.

**608.2.3 Alternate Roll-in-type Shower Compartment.**Alternate roll-in shower compartments shall be 36 inches (915 mm) in width and 60 inches(1220 mm) minimum in depth. A 36 inch (915 mm) wide minimum entry shall be provided to oneside of the stall. The shower unit and controls shall be mounted on the end wall furthestfrom the compartment entry. - 608.3 Grab Bars.  Grab bars shall comply with 609 and shall be    provided in accordance with 608.3.1 and 608.3.2. Where multiple grab bars are used, they    shall be installed at the same height.
- EXCEPTION:  Grab bars are not required to be installed in a shower  facility     for a single occupant, accessed only through a private office and not for  common  or     public use  provided that reinforcement has been installed in walls and located so    as to permit the installation of such grab bars.

**608.3.1 Transfer Type Showers.** Grab bars shall be extendedacross the control wall and back wall to a point 18 inches (455 mm) from the control wall.- 608.3.2 Roll-in Type Showers.  Grab bars shall be provided    on the three walls of the shower. Grab bars shall be mounted 6 inches (150 mm) maximum    from the adjacent wall.
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Where a seat is provided in a roll-in type shower, grab bars shall not extend over the        seat at the control wall and shall not be located behind the seat.
  - In alternate roll-in type showers, grab bars shall not be required on the side wall        opposite the control wall and shall not be located behind the seat. 

**608.4 Seats.** An attachable or integral seat shall beprovided in transfer-type shower compartments. A folding seat shall be provided in roll-inshowers used in*accessible**transient lodging* guest rooms. Seats shall complywith 610.

**608.5 Controls.** Shower or tub/shower *facilities* shalldeliver water that is thermal shock protected to 120�F maximum. Controls shall complywith 309.4. Controls in roll-in showers shall be locatedabove the grab bar but no higher than 48 inches (1220 mm) above the shower floor. Intransfer-type shower compartments, controls, faucets and the shower spray unit shall bemounted on the side wall opposite the seat 38 inches (965 mm) minimum to 48 inches (1220mm) maximum above the shower floor.

**608.6 Shower Spray Unit.** A shower spray unit with a hose atleast 59 inches (1500 mm) long that can be used both as a fixed shower head and as ahand-held shower shall be provided. In transfer type showers, the controls and shower unitshall be located on the control wall within 15 inches (380 mm) left or right of thecenterline of the seat. In roll-in type showers, shower spray units mounted on the backwall shall be mounted 27 inches (685 mm) maximum from the side wall. If anadjustable-height shower head mounted on a vertical bar is used, the bar shall beinstalled so as not to obstruct the use of grab bars.

**608.7 Curbs.** Thresholds in shower compartments shall be 1/2inch (13 mm) high maximum in accordance with 303.

**608.8 Shower Enclosures.** Enclosures for shower compartmentsshall not obstruct controls or obstruct transfer from wheelchairs onto shower seats.
609 Grab Bars
**609.1 General.**Grab bars in *accessible* toilet orbathing*facilities* shall comply with 609. - 609.2 Size and Spacing of Grab Bars.  The diameter or width of    grab bars shall be 1-1/4 inches (32 mm) minimum to 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) maximum. If not    round, the shape shall provide equivalent graspability with a maximum cross-section    dimension of 2 inches (51 mm) and perimeter dimension of 4 inches (100 mm) minimum and    4-11/16 inches (120 mm) maximum and with edges having a 1/8-inch (3.2 mm) minimum radius.    The space between the wall and the grab bar shall be 1-1/2 inches (38 mm). The space    between the grab bar and projecting objects above shall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum.
- EXCEPTION:  The space between the grab bars and shower controls, shower fittings    and other grab bars above shall be 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum. 

**609.3 Position of Grab Bars.**Grab bars shall be mounted in ahorizontal position, 33 inches (840 mm) minimum to 36 inches (915 mm) maximum above thefloor.

**609.4 Surface Hazards.** Grab bars and any wall or othersurfaces adjacent to grab bars shall be free of sharp or abrasive *elements*. Edgesshall have a radius of 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) minimum.

**609.5 Fittings.**Grab bars shall not rotate within theirfittings.

**609.6 Method of Mounting.**Grab bars shall be mounted in anymanner that provides a gripping surface at the locations specified in this standard andthat does not obstruct the required clear floor space.

**609.7 Structural Strength.**Allowable stresses shall not beexceeded for materials used when a vertical or horizontal force of 250 lb (1112 N) isapplied at any point on the grab bar, fastener mounting device or supporting structure.
610 Seats
**610.1 General.** Seats in *accessible* bathtubs andshower compartments shall comply with 610. 

**610.2 Bathtub Seats.** The depth of a removable in-tub seatshall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum to 16 inches (405 mm) maximum. The seat shall becapable of secure placement. The depth of a permanent seat at the head end of the bathtubshall be 15 inches (380 mm) minimum. The top of bathtub seats shall be 17 inches (430 mm)minimum to 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the bathroom floor.

**610.3 Shower Compartment Seats.** Where a seat is provided ina roll-in shower compartment, it shall be a folding type and shall be mounted on the walladjacent to the controls. Seats shall be L-shaped or rectangular. The top of the seatshall be 17 inches (430 mm) minimum to 19 inches (485 mm) maximum above the bathroomfloor. In a transfer-type shower, the seat shall extend from the back wall to a pointwithin 3 inches (75 mm) of the compartment entry. In a roll-in-type shower, the seat shallextend from the control wall to a point within 3 inches (75 mm) of the minimum requiredseat wall width.

**610.3.1 Rectangular Seats.** The rear edge of the seat shallbe 2 1/2 inches (64 mm) maximum and the front edge 15 inches (380 mm) minimum to 16 inches(405 mm) maximum from the seat wall. The side edge of the seat shall be 1-1/2 inches (38mm) maximum from the back wall of a transfer-type shower and 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) maximumfrom the control wall of a roll-in-type shower.

**610.3.2 L-Shaped Seats.** The rear edge of the seat shall be2 1/2 inches (64 mm) maximum and the front edge 15 inches (380 mm) minimum to 16 inches(405 mm) maximum from the seat wall. The rear edge of the "L" portion of theseat shall be 1 1/2 inches (38 mm) maximum from the wall and the front edge shall be 14inches (355 mm) minimum to 15 inches (380 mm) maximum from the wall. The end of the"L" shall be 22 inches (560 mm) minimum to 23 inches maximum (585 mm) from themain seat wall.

**610.4 Structural Strength.**Allowable stresses shall not beexceeded for materials used when a vertical or horizontal force of 250 lb (1112 N) isapplied at any point on the seat, fastener mounting device or supporting structure.
611 Laundry Equipment
**611.1 General.** Washing machines and clothes dryers requiredto be *accessible* shall comply with 611.

**611.2 Clear Floor Space.** A clear floor or ground spacecomplying with 305 positioned for parallel approach shallbe provided. The clear floor or ground space shall be centered on the appliance. 

**611.3 Operable Parts.***Controls and operating mechanisms*including doors, lint screens, detergent and bleach compartments shall comply with 309. 

**611.4 Height.** Top loading machines shall have the door tothe laundry compartment located 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the floor. Front loadingmachines shall have the bottom of the opening to the laundry compartment located 15 inches(380 mm) minimum and 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the floor. 
CHAPTER 7: COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS AND FEATURES701 General
**701.1 Scope.**Communications features and *elements*required to be *accessible* by Chapter 2 shallcomply with the applicable provisions of this chapter.
702 Fire Alarm Systems - 702.1 General.  Fire alarm systems required to be     accessible  shall have audible alarms complying with 702.2 and visual alarms complying    with 702.3.
- EXCEPTION:  Fire alarm systems in medical care  facilities  shall be    permitted to be modified to suit standard health care alarm practice. 

**702.2 Audible Alarms.**Audible alarms shall produce a soundthat exceeds the prevailing equivalent sound level in the room or *space* by at least15 dBA or exceeds any maximum sound level with a duration of 60 seconds by 5 dBA,whichever is louder. Sound levels for alarm signals shall not exceed 120 dBA.

**702.3 Visual Alarms.**Visual alarms shall comply with 702.3.1through 702.3.6

**702.3.1 Light Pulse Characteristics.**

**702.3.1.1 Type.**The lamp shall be a xenon strobe type orequivalent. 

**702.3.1.2 Color.**The color shall be clear or nominalwhite. 

**702.3.1.3 Flash Rate.** The flash rate for an individualappliance shall be 1 Hz minimum and 2 Hz maximum over its rated voltage range.****

**702.3.1.4 Pulse Duration.** The maximum pulse durationshall be two-tenths of one second with a maximum duty cycle of 40 percent. The pulseduration is defined as the time interval between initial and final points of 10 percent ofmaximum signal. 

**702.3.2 Dispersion.**Light dispersion of wall mountedappliances shall comply with Table 702.3.2.1. Light dispersion of ceiling mountedappliances shall comply with Table 702.3.2.2. 
Table 702.3.2.1 Light Dispersion for Wall-Mounted Visual AlarmAppliances**Vertical Dispersion****Horizontal Dispersion****Degrees from Horizontal****Percent of Rated****Degrees fromVertical****Percent of Rated**0 100 0 100 5-30 90 5-25 90 35 65 30-45 75 40 46 50 55 45 34 55 45 50 27 60 40 55 22 65 35 60 18 70 35 65 16 75 30 70 15 80 30 75 13 85 25 80 12 90 25 85 12 90 12 Table 702.3.2.2 Light Dispersion for Ceiling- Mounted Visual AlarmAppliances**Degrees from Vertical****Percent of Rated**0 100 5-25 90 30-45 75 50 55 55 45 60 40 65 35 70 35 75 30 80 30 85 25 90 25 - 702.3.3 Mounting Height.  Appliances shall be located in    accordance with 702.3.3.1 or 702.3.3.2. 
- EXCEPTION:  Appliances in guest rooms shall comply with  702.3.6 . 
- 702.3.3.1 Wall mounted appliances.  Appliances shall be    located 80 inches (2030 mm) minimum and 96 inches (2440 mm) maximum above the finished    floor measured to the bottom of the appliance. 
- EXCEPTION:  Wall mounted appliances which are part of a smoke detector shall be    located 4 inches (100 mm) minimum and 12 inches (305 mm) maximum below the ceiling    measured to the top of the smoke detector. 

**702.3.3.2 Ceiling-Mounted Appliances.** Ceiling-mountedappliances shall be located on the ceiling. Where ceiling height exceeds 30 feet (9140mm), appliances shall be suspended from the ceiling to a height of 30 feet (9140 mm)maximum above the finished floor. - 702.3.4 Spacing Allocation and Minimum Intensity.  Spacing    and minimum effective intensity for appliances shall comply with 702.3.4.1 through    702.3.4.3. 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Appliances in corridors not more than 20 feet (6100 mm) in width shall comply with  702.3.5 . 
  - Appliances in guest rooms shall comply with  702.3.6 . 

**702.3.4.1 General.** The signal provided by the applianceor appliances shall be visible either by direct view or by reflection from all parts ofthe covered area. Multiple appliances within an area are permitted only where size, shape,building construction or furnishings prohibit total coverage by a single appliance. Wheremultiple appliances are provided in a single area to provide total area coverage, theappliances shall comply with one of the following: a maximum of two appliances located onopposite walls; the appliances shall have synchronized flashes, or; in rooms 80 feet (24m) by 80 feet (24 m) or greater in size, more than two appliances located such that allappliances in any 135-degree field of view are spaced a minimum of 55 feet (17 m) fromeach other. 

**702.3.4.2 Wall mounted appliances.**Spacing and minimumeffective intensity for wall mounted appliances shall be in accordance with Table702.3.4.2 provided the appliance is located at the midpoint of the longest side of thearea served. Where the appliance is not located at the midpoint, the minimum effectiveintensity shall be based upon a maximum area of coverage equal to the distance to theopposite side of the area served or double the distance to the farthest adjacent side ofthe area served, whichever is greater. 
Table 702.3.4.2 Spacing Allocation for Wall-Mounted Visual AlarmAppliances**Maximum Area of Coverage in Feet****Minimum Required Light    Output (Effective Intensity) (candela)****One Light Per Area****Two Lights Per Area****Four Lights Per Area**20 X 20 (6100 X 6100 mm) 15 Not Permitted Not Permitted 30 X 30 (9140 X 9140 mm) 30 15 Not Permitted 40 X 40 (12 X 12 m) 60 30 Not Permitted 50 X 50 (15 X 15 m) 95 60 Not Permitted 60 X 60 (18 X 18 m) 135 95 Not Permitted 70 X 70 (21 X 21 m) 185 95 Not Permitted 80 X 80 (24 X 24 m) 240 135 60 90 X 90 (27 X 27 m) 305 185 95 100 X 100 (30 X 30 m) 375 240 95 110 X 110 (34 X 34 m) 455 240 135 120 X 120 (37 X 37 m) 540 305 135 130 X 130 (40 X 40 m) 635 375 185 
**702.3.4.3 Ceiling mounted appliances.** Spacing andminimum effective intensity for ceiling mounted appliances shall be in accordance withTable 702.3.4.3 provided the appliance is located at the centerpoint of the area served.Where the appliance is not located at the centerpoint, the minimum effective intensityshall be based upon a maximum area of coverage equal to two times the distance from theappliance to the farthest side of the area served. 
Table 702.3.4.3 Spacing Allocation for Ceiling-Mounted Visual AlarmAppliances**Maximum Area of Coverage in Feet****Minimum Required Light    Output (Effective Intensity) (candela)****Maximum Ceiling Height in Feet****One Light**20 X 20 (6100 X 6100 mm) 10 (3050 mm) 15 30 X 30 (9140 X 9140 mm) 10 (3050 mm) 30 40 X 40 (12 X 12 m) 10 (3050 mm) 60 50 X 50 (15 X 15 m) 10 (3050 mm) 95 20 X 20 (6100 X 6100 mm) 20 (6100 mm) 30 30 X 30 (9140 X 9140 mm) 20 (6100 mm) 45 40 X 40 (12 X 12 m) 20 (6100 mm) 80 50 X 50 (15 X 15 m) 20 (6100 mm) 115 20 X 20 (6100 X 6100 mm) 30 (9140 mm) 55 30 X 30 (9140 X 9140 mm) 30 (9140 mm) 75 40 X 40 (12 X 12 m) 30 (9140 mm) 115 50 X 50 (15 X 15 m) 30 (9140 mm) 150 
**702.3.5 Corridor Spacing Allocation and Minimum Intensity.**Corridors that are 20 feet (6100 mm) maximum in width shall comply with 702.3.5. Corridorsexceeding 20 feet (6100 mm) in width shall comply with 702.3.4.

**702.3.5.1 Appliance Spacing.**Appliances shall be located15 feet (4570 mm) maximum from each end of the corridor and shall be located 50 feet (15m) minimum and 100 feet (30 m) maximum apart along the corridor. Interruptions to theconcentrated viewing path by doors, elevation changes or other obstructions shallconstitute the end of a corridor for purposes of this section. 

**702.3.5.2 Minimum Effective Intensity.** Appliances shallhave a minimum effective intensity of 15 candela. 

**702.3.6 Guest Rooms.**Guest rooms required to have visualalarms shall comply with 702.3.6.1 through 702.3.6.3. 

**702.3.6.1 Activation.** Where single or multiple-stationsmoke detectors are provided in the sleeping room or suite, a visual alarm that isactivated upon activation of the smoke detectors shall be provided within the room orsuite. Where a building fire alarm system is provided, a visual alarm that is activatedupon activation of the system shall be provided within the room or suite. The signalingline or channel between the activating device of the appliance and the building fire alarmsystem shall be monitored for integrity by the building fire alarm system. Where the sameappliance is used for visual notification of smoke detector and fire alarm systemactivation, activation of the room or suite smoke detectors shall not activate thebuilding fire alarm system. 

**702.3.6.2 Location.**In sleeping rooms or suites having alinear dimension exceeding 16 feet (4880 mm), the appliance shall be located 16 feet (4880mm) maximum from the head end of the bed location, measured horizontally. Where a suitecontains more than one sleeping room, an appliance shall be provided in each sleepingroom.

**702.3.6.3 Minimum Effective Intensity and Mounting Height.**Wallmounted appliances located 24 inches (610 mm) minimum below the ceiling shall have aminimum effective intensity of 110 candela. Ceiling mounted appliances and wall mountedappliances located less than 24 inches (610 mm) below the ceiling shall have a minimumeffective intensity of 177 candela. 
703 Signs
**703.1 General.***Signs* required to be *accessible*shall comply with 703. - 703.2 Characters that are Both Tactile and Visual.     Characters  required to be  tactile  shall comply with 703.2.1 through 703.2.7.  Tactile  characters  shall be duplicated in Braille complying with 703.5. 
- EXCEPTION:  Tactile  characters  complying with  703.3 , where separate visual  characters  complying    with  703.4  provide the same information. 

**703.2.1 Finish and Contrast.***Characters* and theirbackground shall have a non-glare finish.*Characters* shall contrast with theirbackground with either light *characters* on a dark background or dark *characters*on a light background.****

**703.2.2 Tactile Characters.***Tactile**characters*shall be raised 1/32 inch (0.8 mm) minimum above their background. Raised borders anddecorative*elements* that are not required shall be separated 3/8 inch (9.5 mm)minimum from *tactile**characters*. 

**703.2.3 Character Forms.****Fonts shall have*characters* complying with 703.2.3.1 through 703.2.3.5.

**703.2.3.1 Case.***Characters* shall be uppercase. 

**703.2.3.2 Style.***Characters* shall be sans serif.*Characters* shall not be italic, oblique, script, highly decorative or of other unusualforms. 

**703.2.3.3 Width.***Character* width shall be 55 percent minimum and 110 per cent maximum the height of the *character* with the widthbased upon the uppercase letter "O" and the height based upon the uppercaseletter "I". 

**703.2.3.4 Height.***Character* height measuredvertically from the baseline of the *character* shall be 5/8 inch (16 mm) minimum and2 inches (51 mm) maximum based upon the uppercase letter "I". 

**703.2.3.5 Stroke Thickness.** For *characters* withrectangular cross sections, the stroke thickness of the uppercase letter "I"shall be 10 per cent minimum and 15 per cent maximum of the height of the *character*.For *characters* with other cross sections, the stroke thickness of the uppercaseletter "I" shall be 10 per cent minimum and 30 per cent maximum of the height ofthe *character* measured at the base of the cross section. Stroke thickness at thetop of the cross section shall be 15 per cent maximum of the height of the *character*.

**703.2.4 Character Spacing.***Character* spacing shallbe measured between the two closest points of adjacent *characters* within a message,excluding word spaces. Where *characters* have rectangular cross sections, spacingbetween individual*characters* shall be 1/8 inch (3 mm) minimum to 3/8 inch (10 mm)maximum. Where *characters* have other cross sections, spacing between individual*characters* shall be 1/16 inch (2 mm) minimum to 3/8 inch (10 mm) maximum at the baseof the cross sections and 1/8 inch (3 mm) to 3/8 inch (10 mm) maximum at the top of thecross sections.

**703.2.5 Line Spacing.**Spacing between the baselines ofseparate lines of *characters* in a sentence or paragraph shall be 135 per centminimum and 170 per cent maximum of the*character* height. - 703.2.6 Mounting Height.  Characters  shall be located    48 inches (1220 mm) minimum and 60 inches (1525 mm) maximum above the adjacent floor or    ground surface measured from the baseline of the  characters .
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to elevator car controls.
- 703.2.7 Mounting Location.  Where a  sign  containing  tactile  characters  is provided at a door, the  sign  shall be located alongside the    door at the latch side. Where a  tactile  sign  is provided at double doors,    the  sign  shall be located to the right of the right hand door. Where there is no    wall space at the latch side of a single door or to the right side of double doors,  signs     shall be located on the nearest adjacent wall.  Signs  containing  tactile  characters     shall be located so that a clear floor space of 18 inches (455 mm) by 18 inches (455 mm)    minimum, centered on the  sign , is provided beyond the arc of any door swing between    the closed position and 45 degree open position. 
- EXCEPTION:  Signs  shall be permitted on the push side of doors with closers    and without hold-open devices. 

**703.3 Tactile Characters.** Where *tactile**characters*are required and separate *tactile* and visual *characters* with the sameinformation are provided, *tactile**characters* shall comply with 703.3.1through 703.3.6 and visual*characters* shall comply with 703.4. *Tactile**characters* shall be duplicatedin Braille complying with 703.5. 

**703.3.1 Tactile Characters.***Tactile**characters*shall be raised 1/32 inch (0.8 mm) minimum above their background. Raised borders anddecorative*elements* that are not required shall be separated 3/8 inch (9.5 mm)minimum from *tactile**characters*. 

**703.3.2 Character Forms.** Fonts shall have*characters*complying with 703.3.2.1 through 703.3.2.5. 

**703.3.2.1 Case.***Characters* shall be uppercase. 

**703.3.2.2 Style.***Characters* shall be sans serif.*Characters* shall not be italic, oblique, script, highly decorative or of other unusualforms. 

**703.3.2.3 Width.***Character* width shall be 55 percent minimum and 110 per cent maximum the height of the *character* with the widthbased upon the uppercase letter "O" and the height based upon the uppercaseletter "I". 

**703.3.2.4 Height.***Character* height measuredvertically from the baseline of the *character* shall be 1/2 inch (13 mm) minimum and3/4 inch (19 mm) maximum based upon the height of the uppercase letter "I".****

**703.3.2.5 Stroke Thickness.** Stroke thickness of theuppercase letter "I" shall be 15 per cent maximum of the height of the *character*.

**703.3.3 Character Spacing.***Character* spacing shallbe measured between the two closest points of adjacent *character* within a message,excluding word spaces. Spacing between individual *characters* shall be 1/8 inch (3mm) minimum to 1/4 inch (6 mm) maximum.

**703.3.4 Line Spacing.**Spacing between the baselines ofseparate lines of *characters* in a sentence or paragraph shall be 135 percentminimum and 170 percent maximum of the*character* height. - 703.3.5 Mounting Height.  Characters  shall be located    48 inches (1220 mm) minimum and 60 inches (1525 mm) maximum above the adjacent floor or    ground surface, measured from the baseline of the  characters .
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to elevator car controls.
- 703.3.6 Mounting Location.  Where a  tactile  sign     is provided at a door, the  sign  shall be located alongside the door at the latch    side. Where a  tactile sign  is provided at double doors, the  sign  shall be    located to the right of the right hand door. Where there is no wall space at the latch    side of a single door or to the right side of double doors,  signs  shall be located    on the nearest adjacent wall.  Signs  containing  tactile  characters     shall be located so that a clear floor space of 18 inches (455 mm) by 18 inches (455 mm)    minimum, centered on the  sign , is provided beyond the arc of any door swing between    the closed position and 45 degree open position. 
- EXCEPTION:  Signs  shall be permitted on the push side of doors with closers    and without hold-open devices. 

**703.4 Visual Characters.** Visual *characters* requiredto be *accessible* shall comply with 703.4.1 through 703.4.5. 

**703.4.1 Finish and Contrast.***Characters* and theirbackground shall have a non-glare finish.*Characters* shall contrast with theirbackground with either light *characters* on a dark background or dark *characters*on a light background.****

**703.4.2 Character forms.**Fonts shall have*characters*complying with 703.4.2.1 through 703.4.2.5. 

**703.4.2.1 Case.***Characters* shall be uppercase orlowercase or a combination thereof. 

**703.4.2.2 Style.***Characters* shall be conventionalin form. *Characters* shall not be italic, oblique, script, highly decorative or ofother unusual forms. 

**703.4.2.3 Width.***Character* width shall be 55 percent minimum and 110 per cent maximum the height of the *character* with the widthbased upon the uppercase letter "O" and the height based upon the uppercaseletter "I". 

**703.4.2.4 Height.**Minimum *character* heightmeasured from the baseline of the *character* shall comply with Table 703.4.2.4 basedupon the height of the *characters* above the finished floor of the viewing locationand the minimum viewing distance.*Character* height shall be based upon theuppercase letter "I". Minimum viewing distance is the horizontal distance wherean obstruction prevents further approach towards the *sign*. 
Table 703.4.2.4 Visual Character Dimensions**Height Above Floor to Baseline of    Character****Minimum Viewing Distance****Minimum Character Height****Notes**< 40 inches (100 mm) ---- ---- Not permitted except in elevators 40 inches (100mm) to< 70 inches (1780    mm) < 6 feet (1830 mm) 5/8 inch (1 mm) > 6 feet (1830 mm) 5/8 inch (1 mm), plus 1/8 inch (3.2 mm)    per foot (305 mm) of viewing distance above 6 feet (1830 mm) > 70 inches (1780 mm) to < 120    inches (3050 mm) < 15 feet (4570 mm) 2 inches (51 mm) > 15 feet (4570 mm) 2 inches (51 mm), plus 1/8 inch (3.2 mm)    per foot (305 mm) of viewing distance above 15 feet (4570 mm) > 120 inches (3050 mm) < 21 feet (6400 mm) 3 inches (75 mm) > 21 feet (6400 mm) 3 inches (75 mm), plus 1/8 inch (3.2 mm)    per foot (305 mm) of viewing distance above 21 feet (6400 mm) 
**703.4.2.5 Stroke Thickness.**Stroke thickness of theuppercase letter "I" shall be 10 per cent minimum and 30 per cent maximum of theheight of the *character*. 

**703.4.3 Character Spacing.***Character* spacing shallbe measured between the two closest points of adjacent *characters*, excluding wordspaces. Spacing between individual *characters* shall be 10 per cent minimum and 35per cent maximum of*character* height. 

**703.4.4 Line Spacing.**Spacing between the baselines ofseparate lines of *characters* shall be 135 per cent minimum and 170 per cent maximumof the *character* height. 

**703.4.5 Mounting Height.** Visual *characters* shall belocated 40 inches (1015 mm) minimum above the floor of the viewing position. Mountingheights shall comply with Table 703.4.2.4 based on the size of the*characters* onthe *sign*. 

**703.5 Braille.***Tactile**characters* shall beaccompanied by Grade II Braille complying with Table 703.5 and 703.5.1 through 703.5.3.Braille dots shall have a domed or rounded shape. 
Table 703.5 Braille Dimensions**Measurement Range for:****Minimum in Inches****Maximum in Inches**Dot base diameter 0.059 (1.5 mm) 0.060 (1.5 mm) Distance between any two dots in the same    cell, measured center to center 0.090 (2.3 mm) 0.100 (2.5 mm) Distance between corresponding dots in    adjacent cells, measured center to center 0.241 (6.1 mm) 0.300 (7.6 mm) Dot height 0.025 (0.6 mm) 0.031 (0.8 mm) Distance between corresponding dots from one    cell directly below, measured center to center 0.395 (10 mm) 0.400 (10.2 mm) - 703.5.1 Location.  Braille shall be located below the    corresponding text. If text is multi-lined, Braille shall be placed below the entire text.    Braille shall be separated 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) minimum from any other  tactile  characters .  
- EXCEPTION:  Braille provided in accordance with 407 shall be separated 3/16 inch    (4.8 mm) minimum and shall be located either directly below or adjacent to the    corresponding  tactile characters  or symbols. 

**703.5.2 Raised Borders and Decorative Elements.**Raisedborders and decorative *elements* that are not required, shall be separated 3/8 inch(9.5 mm) minimum from Braille. - 703.5.3 Height.  Braille shall be located 40 inches (1015    mm) minimum and 60 inches (1525 mm) maximum above the floor measured from the baseline of    the Braille cells. 
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to elevator car controls.

**703.6 Pictograms.** Where *pictograms* are required to be*accessible*, they shall comply with 703.6.1 through 703.6.3. 

**703.6.1 Pictogram Field.***Pictograms* shall have afield height of 6 inches (150 mm) minimum.*Characters* or Braille shall not belocated in the*pictogram* field. 

**703.6.2 Finish and Contrast.***Pictograms* and theirfield shall have a non-glare finish. *Pictograms* shall contrast with their fieldwith either a light *pictogram* on a dark field or a dark *pictogram* on a lightfield. 

**703.6.3 Text Descriptors.** Where text descriptors for *pictograms*are required, they shall located directly below or adjacent to the *pictogram* andshall comply with 703.2. 

**703.7 Symbols of Accessibility.**Where symbols ofaccessibility are required, they shall comply with 703.7.1 through 703.7.2. 

**703.7.1 Finish and Contrast.** Symbols of accessibility andtheir background shall have a non- glare finish. Symbols of accessibility shall contrastwith their background with either a light symbol on a dark background or a dark symbol ona light background. 

**703.7.2 Symbols.**

**703.7.2.1 International Symbol of Accessibility.** Wherethe International Symbol of Accessibility is required, it shall be proportioned as shownin Figure 703.7.2.1.**[insert figure]**

**703.7.2.2 International Symbol of TTY.** Where theInternational Symbol of TTY is required, it shall be proportioned as shown in Figure703.7.2.2.**[insert figure]**

**703.7.2.3 Volume Controlled Telephones.** Telephonesrequired to have a volume control shall be identified by a *sign* containing a*pictogram* of a telephone handset with radiating sound waves on a square field as shownin Figure 703.7.2.3.**[insert figure]**

**703.7.2.4 Assistive Listening Systems.** Where assistivelistening systems are required to be identified by the International Symbol of Access forHearing Loss, it shall be proportioned as shown in Figure 703.7.2.4.**[insert figure]**
704 Telephones
**704.1 General.**Public telephones required to be*accessible* shall comply with 704. 

**704.2 Wheelchair Accessible Telephones.**Public telephonesrequired to be wheelchair *accessible* shall comply with 704.2.1 through 704.2.6. 

**704.2.1 Clear Floor or Ground Space.** A clear floor orground space complying with 305****shall be provided. The clear floor or ground spaceshall not be restricted by bases, enclosures or fixed seats.

**704.2.1.1 Parallel Approach.** Where a parallel approachis provided, the distance from the edge of the telephone enclosure to the face of thetelephone unit shall be 10 inches (255 mm) maximum.

**704.2.1.2 Forward Approach.** Where a forward approach isprovided, the distance from the front edge of a counter within the telephone enclosure tothe face of the telephone unit shall be 20 inches (510 mm) maximum.****

**704.2.2 Controls and Operating Mechanisms.***Controls andoperating mechanisms* shall comply with 309. Telephones shall have push-button controlswhere service for such equipment is available.

**704.2.3 Protruding Objects.** Telephones, enclosures andrelated equipment shall comply with 307.

**704.2.4 Telephone Directories.** Telephone directories,where provided, shall be located in accordance with****309.

**704.2.5 Cord Length.** The cord from the telephone to thehandset shall be 29 inches (735 mm) long minimum. 

**704.2.6 Hearing Aid Compatibility.**Telephones shall behearing aid compatible. 

**704.3 Volume Control Telephones.**Public telephones requiredto have volume controls shall be equipped with a receive volume control that provides 12dB of gain minimum and up to 20 dB of gain maximum. An automatic reset shall be provided. 

**704.4 TTYs.***TTYs* required at a public pay telephoneshall be permanently affixed within or adjacent to the telephone enclosure. Where anacoustic coupler is used, the telephone cord shall be sufficiently long to allowconnection of the *TTY* and the telephone receiver. 

**704.5****TTY Shelf.**Public pay telephones required toaccommodate portable *TTYs* shall be equipped with a shelf and an electrical outletwithin or adjacent to the telephone enclosure. The telephone handset shall be capable ofbeing placed flush on the surface of the shelf. The shelf shall be capable ofaccommodating a *TTY* and shall have 6-inch (150 mm) minimum vertical clearance inthe area where the *TTY* is to be placed. 
705 Detectable Warnings
**705.1 General.***Detectable warnings* required onplatform edges shall comply with 705.2, 705.3 or 705.4.

**705.2 Truncated Domes.**A 24-inch (610 mm) wide truncateddome surface complying with 705.2.1 through 705.2.3****shall be provided on thewalking surface at the platform edge. 

**705.2.1 Dome Size.**Domes shall have a diameter of 0.9 inch(23 mm), a height of 0.2 inch (5 mm) and a center-to-center spacing of 2.35 inches (60mm).

**705.2.2 Contrast.**The truncated dome surface shallcontrast visually with adjoining walking surfaces either light-on-dark or dark-on-light.The material used to provide contrast shall be an integral part of the truncated domesurface.

**705.2.3 Interior Locations.***Detectable warnings* ininterior locations shall differ from adjoining walking surfaces in resiliency orsound-on-cane contact.

**705.3 Equivalent Tactile Surface.**A 24 inch (610 mm) wide *tactile*surface shall be provided on the walking surface at the platform edge. The *tactile*surface shall provide equivalent detectability underfoot to that provided by 705.2.1 and shall provide contrast in accordance with 705.2.2.

**705.4 Equivalent Detectability.**Equivalent detectability ofthe platform edge by other construction, technology or means that will ensure equivalentor superior and reliable communication of the impending change to pedestrians who areblind or visually impaired. The information to be communicated must include 24 inches (610mm) of advance warning of the platform edge and the precise orientation of the platformedge in relation to the pedestrian.
706 Assistive Listening Systems
**706.1 General.**Assistive listening systems required in*assembly areas* shall comply with 706.

**706.2 Placement of Listening Systems.**Individual fixed seatsserved by an assistive listening system shall have a complete view of the stage, playingarea or cinema screen. 

**706.3 Types of Listening Systems.** Induction loops, infraredsystems, FM and AM radio frequency systems, hard-wired earphones and other equivalentdevices shall be permitted as acceptable assistive listening systems.

**706.4 Receiver Jacks.**Receivers required for use with anassistive listening system shall include a 1/8-inch (3 mm) standard mono jack. Where otherjack types are used, adapters shall be provided to comply with this provision.

**706.5 Receiver Hearing Aid Compatibility**. Receivers requiredto be hearing aid compatible shall interface with T-coils in hearing aids either throughthe provision of neck loops or a hearing aid compatible headset.
707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare Machines
**707.1 General.** Automatic teller machines and fare machinesrequired to be *accessible* shall comply with 707. - 707.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space . A clear floor or ground    space complying with  305  shall be provided.
- EXCEPTION:  Clear floor or ground space is not required at drive-up only automatic    teller machines. 
- 707.3 Controls and Operating Mechanisms.  Controls and    operating mechanisms  shall comply with  309 . Each    control or operating mechanism shall be able to be differentiated by sound or touch.
- EXCEPTION:  Drive-up only automatic teller machines shall not be required to    comply with  309 . 

**707.4 Input.** Input devices shall comply with 707.4.1 through707.4.5.

**707.4.1 Privacy.**The opportunity for the same degree ofprivacy of input shall be available to all individuals utilizing the equipment. - 707.4.2 Key Surfaces.  All keys used to operate a machine    shall be tactually discernible. Key surfaces shall be offset from the surrounding surface    by 1/25 inch (1 mm) minimum. The outer edge of key surfaces shall have a radius of 1/50    inch (0.5 mm) maximum.
- EXCEPTION:  The touch areas of video display screens.

**707.4.3 Separation Between Keys.**Any key surface shall beseparated from other key surfaces by 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) minimum. Function keys shall beseparated from numeric keys by a distance that is not less than three times greater thedistance between the numeric keys.

**707.4.4 Numeric Keys**. Where provided, numeric keys shallcomply with 707.4.4.1 and 707.4.4.2.

**707.4.4.1 Arrangement.**Numeric keys shall be arranged ina 12-key telephone keypad layout with the number one key in the upper left hand corner. 

**707.4.4.2 Marking.**The number five key shall have asingle raised dot. 

**707.4.5 Function Keys.**Where provided, function keys shallcomply with 707.4.5.1 through 707.4.5.3.

**707.4.5.1 Arrangement.**Function keys shall be arrangedin the order of enter, clear, cancel, add value and decrease value horizontally from leftto right or vertically from top to bottom. Where provided, add value and decrease valuefunction keys shall be grouped with other function keys. 

**707.4.5.2 Marking.**Function keys shall be marked with *tactile**characters* as follows: Enter or proceed key: raised circle; Clear or correct key:raised vertical line or bar; Cancel key: raised ex; Add value key: raised plus sign;Decrease value key: raised minus sign.

**707.4.5.3 Color Coding.**Where function keys are colorcoded, they shall be colored as follows: Enter or proceed key: green; Clear or correctkey: black; Cancel key: red; Add value key: blue; Decrease value key: yellow. 

**707.5 Output.**Output devices shall comply with 707.5.1through 707.5.6.

**707.5.1 Privacy.**The opportunity for the same degree ofprivacy of output shall be available to all individuals utilizing the equipment.

**707.5.2 Operating Instructions.**Machines shall providevisual and audible instructions for operation. Visual and audible instruction shallinclude all information required by 707.5.2.1 through 707.5.2.5.

**707.5.2.1 Initiation.** Instructions shall be able to beinitiated by the user of the machine.

**707.5.2.2. Expedited Process.** After initiation,instructions shall be available for the experienced user to expedite the transaction.

**707.5.2.3 Orientation.** Orientation and assistance forunfamiliar users to the physical features of the machine, operational options and detailsfor each function shall be provided.

**707.5.2.4 Transaction Prompts.** All transaction promptswithin each operation shall be provided.

**707.5.2.5 Input Verification**. Verification of all userinputs shall be provided. 

**707.5.3 Audible Instruction.**Audible instruction shall beprovided through a standard audio mini jack, a telephone handset, a wireless transmissionsystem or another mechanism that is readily available to all customers.

**707.5.4 Video Display Screen.** The video display screenshall comply with 707.5.4.1 and 707.5.4.2. - 707.5.4.1 Visibility.  The screen shall be visible from a    point located 40 inches (1015 mm) above the center of the clear floor space in front of    the machine.
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply to drive-up only automatic teller    machines.

**707.5.4.2 Characters.***Characters* displayed on thescreen shall be in a sans serif font.*Characters* shall be 3/16 inch (4.8 mm)minimum in height based upon the uppercase letter "I". *Characters* shallcontrast with their background with either light *characters* on a dark background ordark *characters* on a light background.

**707.5.5 Dispensing of Bills.** Machines that dispense papercurrency shall dispense the currency in descending order with the lowest denomination ontop. 

**707.5.6 Receipts and Verification.**Where a receipt isavailable and is requested, the following options shall be provided: a printed receipt,audible presentation of the transaction information provided on the receipt, or both.
CHAPTER 8: SPECIAL ROOMS AND SPACES801 General
**801.1 Scope.**Special rooms and *spaces* required to be*accessible* by Chapter 2 shall comply with theapplicable provisions of this chapter.
802 Wheelchair Spaces in Assembly Areas
**802.1 General.*Wheelchair spaces* required in *assemblyareas* shall comply with 802. 
**802.2 Floor or Ground Surface.**The floor or ground surfaceof*wheelchair spaces* shall have a slope not steeper than 1:48 and shall comply with302. Changes in level are not permitted. 

**802.3 Width.**A single *wheelchair space* shall be 36inches (915 mm) minimum in width. Where multiple adjacent*wheelchair spaces* areprovided, each*wheelchair space* shall be 33 inches (840 mm) minimum in width.

**802.4 Depth.**Where a *wheelchair space* can be enteredfrom the front or rear, the *wheelchair space* shall be 48 inches (1220 mm) minimumin depth. Where a*wheelchair space* can only be entered from the side, the*wheelchair space* shall be 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum in depth.

**802.5 Approach.**One side of the *wheelchair space*shall adjoin an *accessible route* or adjoin another *wheelchair space*. Accessto any *wheelchair space* shall not be through more than one adjoining *wheelchairspace*.

**802.6 Integral Part of Seating.***Wheelchair spaces*shall be an integral part of any fixed seating.

**802.7 Companion Seat.**At least one seat for a companionshall be provided beside each *wheelchair space*.

**802.8 Lines of Sight.*Wheelchair spaces* shall providelines of sight comparable to those of all viewing areas. 803 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms
**803.1 General.** Dressing, fitting, and locker rooms requiredto be *accessible* shall comply with 803.

**803.2 Wheelchair Turning Space.** Wheelchair turning spacecomplying with 304 shall be provided within the room.

**803.3 Doors.** Doors shall not swing into any part of thewheelchair turning space. 

**803.4 Benches**. A bench complying with 903 shall be provided within the room.

**803.5 Coat Hooks and Shelves.***Accessible* coat hooksprovided within the room shall be located within one of the reach ranges specified in 308. Where provided, a fold-down shelf shall be 40 inches(1015 mm) minimum and 48 inches (1220 mm) maximum above the floor.
804 Medical Care Facility Patient or Resident Sleeping Rooms
**804.1 General.** Medical care *facility* and long termcare*facility* patient or resident sleeping rooms required to be*accessible*shall comply with 804.

**804.2 Wheelchair Turning Space.**Wheelchair turning spacecomplying with 304 shall be provided within the room andshall not overlap with or extend beneath a bed.

**804.3 Clear Floor or Ground Space.** A clear floor spacecomplying with 305 shall be provided on each side of thebed. The clear floor space shall be positioned for parallel approach to the side of thebed.

**804.4 Toilet and Bathing Rooms.** Toilet and bathing roomsthat are provided as part of a patient or resident sleeping room shall comply with 603. 

**804.5 Windows.**Where operable windows are provided, at leastone window shall comply with 309. Each window required tobe operable by local code or regulation shall comply with 309.
805 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms
**805.1 General.***Transient lodging* guest rooms requiredto be *accessible* shall comply with 805.2. Guestrooms required to have *accessible* communication features shall comply with 805.3.

**805.2 Accessible Rooms.***Accessible* guest rooms shallcomply with 805.2.1 through 805.2.6. 

**805.2.1 Living and Dining Areas.**Living and dining areasshall be *accessible*. 

**805.2.2 Exterior Spaces.**Exterior *spaces*, includingpatios, terraces and balconies, that are a part of the guest room shall be *accessible*.- 805.2.3 Sleeping Areas . Not less than one sleeping area    shall provide a clear floor space complying with  305  on    both sides of a bed. The clear floor space shall be positioned for parallel approach to    the side of the bed.
- EXCEPTION:  This requirement shall not apply where a single clear floor space    complying with  305  positioned for parallel approach is    provided between two beds. 

**805.2.4 Toilet and Bathing Facilities.**Not less than onewater closet, one lavatory, and one bathtub or shower shall comply with the applicableprovisions of Chapter 6. Required roll-in showercompartments shall comply with 608.2.2 or 608.2.3. 

**805.2.5 Kitchens, Kitchenettes and Wet Bars.** Kitchens,kitchenettes and wet bars shall comply with 805.2.5.1 through 805.2.5.4.

**805.2.5.1 Clear Floor Space.**A clear floor spacecomplying with 305 shall be provided at sinks, appliances,cabinets and counters. 

**805.2.5.2 Cabinets.**At least 50 percent of shelf spacein cabinets shall comply with 905. - 805.2.5.3 Sinks.  Sinks shall comply with  606 .
- EXCEPTION:  Where a cooktop or conventional oven is not provided, a forward    approach with knee and toe clearance is not required. 

**805.2.5.4 Appliances.***Controls and operatingmechanisms* of appliances shall comply with 309. Atleast 50 percent of shelf space in refrigerators and freezers shall be within at least oneof the reach ranges in 308. 

**805.2.6 Windows.**Where operable windows are provided, atleast one window shall comply with 309. Each windowrequired to be operable by local code or regulation shall comply with 309.

**805.3 Communication Features.**Guest rooms required to have *accessible*communication features shall comply with 805.3.1 and 805.3.2.

**805.3.1 Alarms.** Visual alarms complying with 702.3.6 shall be provided.

**805.3.2 Notification Devices.**Visual notification devicesshall be provided to alert room occupants of incoming telephone calls and a door knock orbell. Notification devices shall not be connected to visual alarm signal appliances.Permanently installed telephones shall have volume controls complying with 704.3 and shall have an electrical outlet complying with 309 located within 48 inches (1220 mm) of the telephone tofacilitate the use of a *TTY*.
CHAPTER 9: BUILT-IN FURNISHINGS AND EQUIPMENT901 General
**901.1 Scope.**Built-in furnishings and equipment required to be *accessible*shall comply with the applicable provisions of this chapter. 
902 Seating at Tables, Counters and Work Surfaces
**902.1 General.**Seating at tables, counters and work surfacesrequired to be *accessible* shall comply with 902.

**902.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space.**A clear floor spacecomplying with 305 positioned for forward approach shall beprovided. Knee and toe clearance complying with 306 shall be provided.

**902.3 Height.**The tops of tables and counters shall be 28inches (710 mm) minimum and 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the floor or ground.
903 Benches
**903.1 General.**Benches required to be *accessible*shall comply with 903.

**903.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space.**Clear floor or groundspace complying with 305 shall be provided and shall bepositioned for parallel approach to an end of the bench seat.

**903.3 Size.**Benches shall have seats that are 20 inches (510mm) minimum to 24 inches maximum (610 mm) in depth and 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum inlength. Benches shall be fixed to a wall along the longer dimension.

**903.4 Height.**The bench seat shall be 17 inches (430 mm)minimum to 19 in (485 mm) maximum above the floor or ground.

**903.5 Structural Strength.**Allowable stresses shall not beexceeded for materials used when a vertical or horizontal force of 250 lb (1112 N) isapplied at any point on the seat, fastener mounting device or supporting structure. 

**903.6 Wet Locations.**Where installed in wet locations, thesurface of the bench shall be slip resistant and shall not accumulate water.
904 Sales and Service Counters
**904.1 General.**Counters required to be *accessible*shall comply with the applicable provisions of 904. 

**904.2 Approach.**All portions of counters required to be*accessible* shall be located adjacent to a walking surface complying with 403.

**904.3 Check-out Aisles**. Check-out aisles required to be*accessible* shall comply with 904.3.1 and 904.3.2. 

**904.3.1 Aisle.**Aisles shall comply with 403.

**904.3.2 Counter.**The counter surface height shall be 38inches (965 mm) maximum above the finished floor or ground. The top of the counter edgeprotection shall be 2 inches (51 mm) maximum above the top of the counter surface.

**904.4 Point of Sales and Service Counters.** Point of salesand service counters required to be *accessible* shall have a portion of the counter36 inches (915 mm) minimum in length and 36 inches (915 mm) maximum in height above thefinished floor or ground.

**904.5 Food Service Lines.** Counters in food service linesshall comply with 904.5.1 and 904.5.2.

**904.5.1 Self-service shelves and dispensing devices.**Self-serviceshelves and dispensing devices for tableware, dishware, condiments, food and beveragesshall comply with 308.****

**904.5.2 Tray Slides.**Tray slides shall be 28 inches (710mm) minimum and 34 inches (865 mm) maximum above the floor or ground.
905 Storage
**905.1 General.** Storage *facilities* required to be*accessible* shall comply with 905. 

**905.2 Clear Floor or Ground Space.** A clear floor or groundspace complying with 305 shall be provided.

**905.3 Height.** Storage *facilities* shall comply with atleast one of the reach ranges specified in 308. Clothesrods shall be 54 inches (1370 mm) maximum above the floor or ground.

**905.4 Hardware.**Hardware for storage *facilities* shallcomply with 309.
CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES1001 General
**1001.1 Scope.**Every station, bus stop, bus stop pad,terminal *building* or other transportation *facility* shall comply with theapplicable provisions of Chapters 2 through 9 and the applicable provisions of thischapter. Exception 1 in 206.2.3 does not apply to aterminal, depot or other station used for specified public transportation or to an airportpassenger terminal. 
1002 Bus Stops and Terminals
**1002.1 General**. Bus stops and terminals shall comply with1002.

**1002.2 Bus Stop Pads.**Where new bus stop pads areconstructed at bus stops, bays or other areas where a lift or *ramp* is to bedeployed, they shall comply with 1002.2.1 through 1002.2.4.

**1002.2.1 Surface.** Bus stop pads shall have a firm, stablesurface.

**1002.2.2 Dimensions.** Bus stop pads shall have a clearlength of 96 inches minimum measured from the curb or vehicle roadway edge and a clearwidth of 60 inches minimum measured parallel to the vehicle roadway to the maximum extentallowed by legal or *site* constraints.

**1002.2.3 Connection.** Bus stop pads shall be connected tostreets, sidewalks or pedestrian paths by an *accessible route* complying with 402.

**1002.2.4 Slope.** The slope of the bus stop pad parallel tothe roadway shall, to the extent practicable, be the same as the roadway. For waterdrainage, a maximum slope of 1:48 perpendicular to the roadway is allowed.

**1002.3 Bus Shelters.**Where provided, new or replaced busshelters shall provide a minimum clear floor or ground space complying with 305. Such shelters shall be connected by an *accessibleroute* to the boarding area required by 1002.2. - 1002.4 Signs.  New bus route identification  signs     shall comply with  703.4.1 . In addition, to the maximum    extent practicable, new bus route identification  signs  shall comply with  703.4 . 
- EXCEPTION:  Bus schedules, timetables and maps that are posted at the bus stop or    bus bay are not required to comply with this requirement.

**1002.5 Bus Stop Siting**. Bus stop *sites* shall bechosen such that, to the maximum extent practicable, the areas where lifts or *ramps*are to be deployed comply with 1002.2 and 1002.3.
1003 Fixed Facilities and Stations
**1003.1 General.**Fixed *facilities* and stations shallcomply with the applicable provisions of 1003.

**1003.2 New Construction.** New stations in rapid rail, lightrail, commuter rail, intercity bus, intercity rail, high speed rail and other fixedguideway systems shall comply with the 1003.2.1 through 1003.2.10.

**1003.2.1 Station Entrances.**Where different*entrances*to a station serve different transportation fixed routes or groups of fixed routes, atleast one*entrance* serving each group or route shall comply with 402. All *accessible**entrances* shall, to themaximum extent practicable, coincide with those used by the majority of the generalpublic. In below ground subway stations, at least one *entrance* to each stationshall comply with 402. 

**1003.2.2 Signs.**- 1003.2.2.1 Tactile Signs.  Where  signs  are    provided at  entrances  to stations identifying the station or the  entrance ,    or both, at least one  sign  at each  entrance  shall be  tactile  and    shall comply with  703.2 . Such  signs  shall be    placed in uniform locations at  entrances  within the transit system to the maximum    extent practicable.
- EXCEPTION:  Where the station has no defined  entrance  but  signs  are    provided, the  tactile  signs  shall be placed in a central location.

**1003.2.2.2 Identification Signs.**Stations covered bythis section shall have identification*signs* complying with 703.4. *Signs* shall be clearly visible and within thesightlines of a standing or sitting passenger from within the train on both sides when notobstructed by another train. - 1003.2.2.3 Informational Signs.  Lists of stations,    routes and destinations served by the station which are located on boarding areas,    platforms, or  mezzanines  shall comply with  703.4 .    A minimum of one  tactile  sign  identifying the specific station and complying    with 703.2 shall be provided on each platform or boarding area.  Signs  covered by    this provision shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be placed in uniform locations    within the transit system. 
- EXCEPTION:  Where  sign  space is limited, track numbers, train destination    names, directions to the ticket office, and information essential to using the transit    system shall have a  character  height of 3 inches (75 mm) minimum and shall comply    with  703.4 . Specific exit street names, directional    information, and other information not essential to use of the transit system shall have a     character  height of 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) minimum and shall comply with  703.4 . 

**1003.2.3 Fare Machines.**Self-service fare vending,collection and adjustment machines shall comply with 707.Where self-service fare vending, collection or adjustment machines are provided for theuse of the general public, at least one *accessible* machine of each type providedshall be provided at each *accessible* point of entry or exit. 

**1003.2.4 Detectable Warnings.**Platform edges bordering adrop-off and not protected by platform screens or guard rails shall have a *detectablewarning* complying with 705. - 1003.2.5 Rail-to-Platform Height.  In stations covered by    this section, rail-to-platform height shall be coordinated with the floor height of new    vehicles so that the vertical difference, measured when the vehicle is at rest, is within    plus or minus 5/8 inch (16 mm) under normal passenger load conditions. For rapid rail,    light rail, commuter rail, high speed rail, and intercity rail systems in new stations,    the horizontal gap, measured when the new vehicle is at rest, shall be 3 inches (75 mm)    maximum. For slow moving automated guideway "people mover" transit systems, the    horizontal gap in new stations shall be 1 inch (25 mm) maximum.
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Existing vehicles operating in new light rail, commuter rail, high speed rail, and        intercity rail stations may have a vertical difference with respect to the new platform        within plus or minus 1-1/2 inches (38 mm). 
  - In light rail, commuter rail and intercity rail systems where it is not operationally or        structurally feasible to meet the horizontal gap or vertical difference requirements,        mini-high platforms, car-borne or platform-mounted lifts,  ramps  or bridge plates,        or similar manually deployed devices meeting the applicable requirements of 36 CFR part        1192, or 49 CFR part 38 shall suffice. 

**1003.2.6 TTYs**: Where a public pay telephone is providedin a transit *facility* (as defined by the Department of Transportation) at least onepublic*TTY* complying with 704.4 shall be providedin the station. Where four or more public pay telephones serve a particular *entrance*to a rail station, at least one *TTY* telephone complying with 704.4 shall be provided to serve that *entrance*. 

**1003.2.7 Track Crossings.**Where it is necessary to crosstracks to reach boarding platforms, the route surface shall be level with the rail top atthe outer edge and between the rails, except for a 2-1/2 inch (65 mm) maximum gap on theinner edge of each rail to permit passage of wheel flanges. Where gap reduction is notpracticable, an above-grade or below-grade *accessible route* shall be provided. 

**1003.2.8 Public Address Systems.**Where public addresssystems are provided to convey information to the public in terminals, stations or otherfixed*facilities*, a means of conveying the same or equivalent information topersons with hearing loss or who are deaf shall be provided.

**1003.2.9 Clocks.**Where clocks are provided for use by thegeneral public, the clock face shall be uncluttered so that its elements are clearlyvisible. Hands, numerals and digits shall contrast with the background eitherlight-on-dark or dark-on-light. Where clocks are mounted overhead, numerals and digitsshall comply with 703.4. 

**1003.2.10 Escalators.**Where provided in below gradestations, escalators shall have a clear width of 32 inches (815 mm) minimum. 

**1003.3 Existing Facilities: Key Stations.** Rapid, light andcommuter rail key stations, as defined under criteria established by the Department ofTransportation in subpart C of 49 CFR part 37, and existing intercity rail stations shallcomply with 1003.3.1 through 1003.3.3. 

**1003.3.1 Accessible Route.** At least one *accessibleroute* from an *accessible**entrance* to those areas necessary for use ofthe transportation system shall be provided. The *accessible route* shall include thefeatures specified in 1003.2, except that escalatorsshall not be required to comply with 1003.2.10. Where*technical infeasibility* in existing stations requires the *accessible route*to lead from the public way to a paid area of the transit system, an*accessible*fare collection machine complying with 1003.2.3 shallbe provided along such *accessible route*. - 1003.3.2 Rail-to-Platform Height.  In light rail and    commuter rail key stations, the platform or a portion thereof and the vehicle floor shall    be coordinated so that the vertical difference, measured when the vehicle is at rest,    within plus or minus 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) under all normal passenger load conditions, and    the horizontal gap, measured when the vehicle is at rest, is 3 inches (75 mm) maximum for    at least one door of each vehicle or car required to be  accessible  by 49 CFR part    37. 
- EXCEPTIONS:    - Existing vehicles retrofitted to meet the requirements of 49 CFR 37.93 (one-        car-per-train rule) shall be coordinated with the platform such that, for at least one        door, the vertical difference between the vehicle floor and the platform, measured when        the vehicle is at rest with 50 percent normal passenger capacity, is within plus or minus        2 inches (51 mm) and the horizontal gap is 4 inches (100 mm) maximum.
  - Where it is not structurally or operationally feasible to meet the horizontal gap or        vertical difference requirements, mini-high platforms, car-borne or platform mounted        lifts,  ramps  or bridge plates, or similar manually deployed devices, meeting the        applicable requirements of 36 CFR Part 1192 shall suffice. 

**1003.3.3 Direct Connections.**New direct connections tocommercial, retail or residential*facilities* shall, to the maximum extent feasible,have an *accessible route* complying with 402 from thepoint of connection to boarding platforms and all transportation system *elements*used by the public. Any *elements* provided to facilitate future direct connectionsshall be on an *accessible route* connecting boarding platforms and alltransportation system *elements* used by the public.

**1003.4 Existing Facilities: Alterations.**For the purpose ofcomplying with 202.4, an area of primary function shallbe as defined by applicable provisions of 49 CFR 37.43(c) (Department of Transportation'sADA Rule) or 28 CFR 36.403 (Department of Justice's ADA Rule).
1004 Airports
**1004.1 New Construction.**New construction of airports shallcomply with 1004.

**1004.2 TTYs .**Where public pay telephones are provided, atleast one *TTY* shall be provided in compliance with 704.4.Additionally, if four or more public pay telephones are located in a main terminal outsidethe security areas, a concourse within the security areas, or a baggage claim area in aterminal, at least one public TTY complying with 704.4shall also be provided in each such location.

**1004.3 Terminal Information Systems.**Terminal informationsystems that broadcast information to the general public through a public address systemshall provide a means to provide the same or equivalent information to persons with ahearing loss or who are deaf. 

**1004.4 Clocks.**Where clocks are provided for use by thegeneral public, the clock face shall be uncluttered so that its elements are clearlyvisible. Hands, numerals and digits shall contrast with their background eitherlight-on-dark or dark-on-light. Where clocks are mounted overhead, numerals and digitsshall comply with 703.4. 
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FORMATDEFINED TERMS- Italicized where they appear in text. 
- Always expressed in the same manner 
- Do not include requirements; they provide a description 
LANGUAGE STYLE - Will generally use writing style of 1992 A117.1. 
- No nonmandatory language will be used. 
NUMBERING SYSTEM- Major Subdivisions will be by Chapter: (Chapter 3).
- Chapters will be divided by Sections: (Section 304).
- Sections will be divided by Sub-sections: (Section 304.5).
- Subsections will be divided as necessary: (Section 304.5.6.7).
- Subdivisions will not exceed 5 decimals.
- Tables and Figures shall be numbered based on their referenced section: (Table 304.5),    (Figure 304.5.6).
- Sections or chapters will not be skipped or "reserved" for possible future    provisions.
FIGURES AND COMMENTARY- Figures and commentary (appendix) language shall be presented in close proximity to, but    clearly separated from, the corresponding technical or scoping provision, and shall be    clearly identified as non-mandatory. 
Figures
The Access Board should develop new figures for use with the revised ADAAG. Existingfigures should be reviewed, improved, and edited or deleted as appropriate. New figuresshould be developed where appropriate. 
ADAAG Commentary (Appendix)
The Committee recommends that the Access Board develop a comprehensive new commentaryfor the revised ADAAG. The Committee did not attempt to fully review or study existing"Appendix" language, or to draft new commentary language related to all revisedADAAG sections. However, the work of the Committee has created several sources ofinformation that the Access Board should utilize in the development of the commentary, asfollows: - Editorial Side-by Side.  This document was prepared by the Editorial Subcommittee    to clearly separate "scoping", "technical" and "other"    provisions in current ADAAG. The "other" text includes commentary language in    numerous locations, including examples, recommendations, or explanations. 
- Committee Report-  The December 1995 Final subcommittee reports contain the most    comprehensive accumulation of committee rationale for recommended revisions to current    ADAAG. In addition, some committee actions included specific recommendations for    commentary text.
- Current ADAAG Appendix.  Portions of the current appendix will still likely be    appropriate as commentary for the revised guidelines. 
- Approved Committee Challenges . Approved committee challenges (from February 1996)    include a rationale for the challenge, and some challenges included specific    recommendations for commentary text.
- Harmonization and Editorial Meeting Results.  In a few cases, the committee made    specific commentary recommendations at the harmonization (July 1996) and Editorial (August    1996) meetings. 
Specific Commentary Actions
The following includes all instances where the Full Committee recommends a specificaction to the current appendix (new commentary). 
Editorial Meeting - August 1996
201.3 Temporary Structures. Move existing sentence from 4.1.1(4) of current ADAAG tocommentary. "Temporary buildings and facilities are not of permanentconstruction...."

1004.3 Terminal Information Systems. Move two sentences from current ADAAG 10.4.1(6) tocommentary. "Such methods may include....."; "For persons with certaintypes..."
Harmonization Meeting - July 1996
4.2.4.1 "Clear floor space accommodates a single stationary wheelchair andoccupant."

4.27 Braille. "Case: The first letter of proper nouns and names and individualletters of the alphabet shall be displayed in upper case Braille."

4.33.6 Assistive Listening Systems. Placement - address placement of fixed seats servedby systems.

4.33.7 Assistive Listening Systems. Intent, types of systems. Full paragraph fromcurrent ADAAG.
Challenges - February 1996
4.6.4 (Challenge C-33) Access Aisles. "Diagonal stripes, other means of clearlydifferentiating access aisles from parking spaces, or signs prohibiting parking in accessaisles are examples of methods of discouraging parking in access aisles."

10.3.1(5) (Challenge C-54) Station Identification Signs. "Station identificationsigns should be placed at intervals in the station such that passengers in the vehiclewill be able to see one when the vehicle is either stopped at the station or about to cometo a stop in the station."

4.33.3 (Challenge CC-8) Dispersion of Wheelchair spaces. "This requirement shouldnot be misinterpreted as a reverse scoping requirement on upper floor levels whether ornot such elevator access is required by 4.1.3(5)."

4.28.3 (Challenge CC-7) Alarms. Develop text consistent with issues addressed in textapproved by committee re: reasonable accommodation of employee by adding or removingvisual alarm; potential effect of "cumulative" flash rate on persons withphotosensitivity; sources of additional information.
Accessible Route Subcommittee Final Report - December 1995
4.1.3(8)(b) Current ADAAG text. "Because entrances also serve as emergency exits..., it is preferable that all entrances be accessible." Committee notes point outthat entrances are not always exits.

4.1.3(21) Current ADAAG text. "Examples of types of dressing rooms..."

4.5.1 Carpets. Delete all specific recommendations regarding slip resistance criteria.(Was approved by committee prior to December 1995 final report.)
Communications Subcommittee Final Report - December 1995
1.0 Purpose. "This document does not contain technical criteria to specificallyaddress the needs of persons with cognitive disabilities."

3.5 Definitions. Element - List of examples of elements.

3.5 Definitions. Sign - "Audible signs can be useful for presentation of certaininformation. Examples are wayfinding in cases where the destination is clearly visible oras a supplement to visual signs." 

4.1.3(16)(a) Signs. "The use of pictograms and consistent, clear terms suchas...." Committee report page 6.

4.34.1 General. "The equipment should not prevent users, including those withvision impairments....." Committee report page 49.

4.34.3 Input. "Private input means it is intended for the use of one individual ata time."

4.34.3.1 Keys. "It is intended that the user will hear a sound or discern adifference..." Committee report page 51.

4.34.4 Output. "Private output means it is intended for the use of one individualat a time."

4.34.4.2.1 Operating Instructions. "Verification of the PIN entered is consideredto be achieved by the execution of the transaction. PIN Numbers should not ..."Committee report page 54.
Special Occupancies Committee Final Report - December 1995Parking
4.1.2(5)(e) Valet parking - "In rare cases where self-parking facilities are notpossible..." Committee report page SO- P6.

4.6.3 Universal parking space - coordinate signs. Committee report page SO-P6.

4.6.4 Access Aisles. Coordinate access aisle language with text added by challenge.Committee report page SO-P7.
Medical 
6.3(2) "In rooms with more than one bed, it is preferable that this space belocated between beds." Relocated current ADAAG text.

4.1.1(3) Examples of work areas. Note: this was moved to commentary by Challenge S-5,but was never coordinated with the final Full Committee recommendation for "workstations." Committee report page SO-M5.
Transient Lodging
9.1.4 Room dispersion factors, Equivalent facilitation text. Challenge S-23 moved allto commentary. Committee report page SO-TL5,6.
Sales and Service
4.1.3(21) "Examples of types of dressing rooms are those serving different gendersor distinct and different functions as in different treatment or examinationfacilities." Committee report page SO-S&S-11.

5.5 "Food service lines. "...with a preferred clear width of 42 in (1065 mm)to allow passage around a person using a wheelchair." Committee report pageSO-S&S-11.

7.2(3) Assistive Listening Systems. Relocate existing appendix text. Committee reportpage SO-S&S-11.

7.3 Check-out Aisles. "Examples of check-out aisles of different"design" include ..." Relocated from current 7.3. Committee report pageSO-S&S-11.

8.4 Card Catalogs. Move preferred height to commentary. Committee report pageSO-S&S-11.

8.5 Stacks. Move preferred aisle width to commentary. Committee report pageSO-S&S-11.
Assembly
4.1.3(5) Add "stage lifts" to existing appendix text. Paragraph addressingcurrent ADAAG exception 4 should be deleted - Committee deleted exception. Committeereport page SO-A-11.

4.1.3(19)(a) Removable seat text - relocated. Committee report page SO-A-11.

4.1.3(19)(a) Seats with folding or removable armrests - delete. Committee report pageSO-A-11.

4.33.1 Assembly seating. Minimum number - new paragraph. Committee report page SO-A-12.

4.33.2 Size of wheelchair spaces. Explanation of overlapping spaces. Committee reportpage SO-A-12.

4.33.2(3) Companion seating. "Companion seating is permitted to be furniture,fixed seating, removable or relocatable seating." Committee report page SO-A-12. 

4.33.3 Revise title. (Coordinate with final report.) Committee report page SO-A-13.

4.33.3(4) Removable seats - relocated from 4.1.3(19)(a). - Note: Full committee deletedtext addressing removable seats from guidelines. Committee report page SO-A-13.

4.33.3(3) Access to Performing Areas. Committee report page SO-A-13. 
DIMENSION CONVENTIONSMetric Conversions
All dimensions shall be converted to equivalent metric dimensions in accordance withthe following criteria:
**Foot-inch dimension****Metric Rounding tolerance (Inches times    25.4, and round to:)**< � inch Nearest tenth of a millimeter � inch to < 3 inches Nearest millimeter 3 inches to < 10 feet Nearest 5 millimeters 10 feet to < approx. 33 feet Nearest 10 millimeters Approx. 33 feet and greater Nearest meter (where conversion exceeds 10,000    mm) Expression of Foot-Inch Dimensions< � inch Expressed either as a fraction or decimal of an    inch. Decimals shall not exceed three significant digits. (0.000) � inch to < 120 inches (10 feet) Expressed in inches, with fractions of inches    where applicable. > 120 inches (10 feet) Expressed in feet without inches or decimals or    expressed in inches Expression of Metric Dimensions< 10,000 mm (10 m) Expressed in millimeters 10,000 mm (10 m) or greater Expressed in meters 
Dimensions shall either be "minimum", "maximum", or shall beconsidered absolute. No dimensions shall be stated as "nominal."******************