UNITED STATES
 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 FORM 10-K
 
 R       ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009
 
 OR
 
 £
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 For the Transition Period from ___ to ___
 
 Commission File Number 1-14523
 
 TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
 (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)
  
 California

95-2086631(State or other jurisdiction of

(I.R.S. Employerincorporation or organization)

Identification Number)16139 Wyandotte StreetVan Nuys, California

91406(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)
 
 Registrant's Telephone Number:  818-787-7000
 
 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
  Name of each exchangeTitle of each class

On which registeredCommon Stock, no par value

AMEX
 
 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:   None
 
 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in rule 405 of the Securities Act.   £YesRNo
 
 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.£YesRNo
  
 
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    R Yes £ No
 
 Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in a definitive proxy statement or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form
10-K.   R
 
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such
files).  £Yes    £ No
 
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See definition of “large accelerated filer” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):  Large Accelerated Filer £ Accelerated Filer £ Non-Accelerated Filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)£  Smaller Reporting Company R
 
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  £Yes   RNo
 
 The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of Registrant, based upon the closing price of $1.76 for shares of the registrant’s Common Stock on December 31, 2008, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter as reported by the AMEX, was approximately $3.6 million. In calculating such aggregate
market value, shares of Common Stock held by each officer, director and holder of 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock (including shares with respect to which a holder has the right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days) were excluded because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates.  This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
 
 The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of September 28, 2009 was 3,227,430.
  
 Documents Incorporated by Reference
  Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference information from Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Commission under Regulation 14A within 120 days of the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.
  
 TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL
 INDEX


PagePart IItem 1
Business
1Item 1A
Risk factors
11Item 1B
Unresolved staff comments
17Item 2
Properties
18Item 3
Legal proceedings
20Item 4
Submission of matters to a vote of security holders
20Part IIItem 5
Market for registrant’s common equity, related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities
21Item 6
Selected financial data
23Item 7
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations
24Item 7A
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
41Item 8
Financial statements and supplementary data
41Item 9
Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure
42Item 9A (T)
Controls and procedures
43Item 9B
Other information
43Part IIIItem 10
Directors, executive officers and corporate governance
44Item 11
Executive compensation
44Item 12
Security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters
44Item 13
Certain relationships and related transactions, and director independence
44Item 14
Principal accountant fees and services
44Part IVItem 15
Exhibits and financial statement schedules
44Signatures

52Exhibits

44Report of independent registered public accounting firm
55Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2009 and 2008
57Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
58Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
59Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
60Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
61


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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL





PARTI





NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS





The discussions of Trio-Tech International’s (the “Company”) business and activities set forth in this Form 10-K and in other past and future reports and announcements by the Company may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and assumptions regarding future activities and results of operations of the Company.  In light of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company: market acceptance of Company products and services; changing business conditions or technologies
and volatility in the semiconductor industry, which could affect demand for the Company’s products and services; the impact of competition; problems with technology; product development schedules; delivery schedules; changes in military or commercial testing specifications which could affect the market for the Company’s products and services; difficulties in profitably integrating acquired businesses, if any, into the Company; risks associated with conducting business internationally and especially
in Southeast Asia, including currency fluctuations and devaluation, currency restrictions, local laws and restrictions and possible social, political and economic instability; changes in U.S. and global financial and equity markets, including market disruptions and significant interest rate fluctuations; and other economic, financial and regulatory factors beyond the Company’s control. We believe customers have tightened and will continue to tighten their spending, resulting in a decline in the demand for
electronic products and semiconductor equipment. See the discussions elsewhere in this Form 10-K, including under the heading “Certain Risks That May Affect Our Future Results,” for more information. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “potential,” “believes,” “can impact,”
“continue,” or the negative thereof or other comparable terminology.





Unless otherwise required by law, we undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events, changed circumstances, or the occurrence of unanticipated events. Important factors that could cause or contribute to such material differences include those discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors”
in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.





ITEM1 – BUSINESS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PERCENTAGES AND SHARE AMOUNTS)





Trio-Tech International was incorporated in 1958 under the laws of the State of California. As used herein, the term "Trio-Tech" or "Company” or “we” or “us” or “Registrant” includes Trio-Tech International and its subsidiaries unless the context otherwise indicates.  Our mailing address
and executive offices are located at 16139 Wyandotte Street, Van Nuys, California 91406, and our telephone number is (818) 787-7000.





With more than 51 years dedicated to the semiconductor and related industries, we have applied our expertise to our global customer base in test services, design, engineering, manufacturing, and distribution.


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Subsequent Events





In April 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. set up a new entity, SHI International Pte., Ltd. ("SHI"), in which Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. holds 55% of the ownership interest. On April 7, 2009, SHI entered into a Share Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which SHI has agreed to acquire from Erni Susanto Susi, Dwi Kartikarini and
PT SAS International’s shares of PT SAS Heavy Industry ("SASHI") for an aggregate cash purchase price of $10, and a goodwill of $100. In August 2009 relevant Indonesian Government authorities approved the change of shareholders and hence PT SAS Indonesia is considered acquired 95% by SHI International Pte., Ltd. SASHI engages in business in the oil and gas industries by providing integrated engineering, manufacturing and  fabrication services for customers in the oil and gas industries. These
include products such as heat transfer equipment, pressure vessels, skid packages, onshore and offshore modules and structures, floating cranes and barges, and steel structures for industrial plants.





In August 2009, Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (“TTM”), a 55% owned subsidiary of Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd., purchased a building for a value of RM 12,450 (Malaysian ringgit) or approximately $3,534 (U.S. dollars), for its testing operations. Prior to this purchase, this property was under lease rental by the Company.
On August 24, 2008, TTM obtained a long-term loan of RM 9,625, or approximately $2,733, offered by a financial institution in Malaysia. This non-revolving long-term loan has a term of fifteen years from the first draw down.  The financial institution offered an interest rate at the financial institution’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum or a fixed rate of 7.12% per annum in the first five years and the financial institution’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum thereafter.  The Company
decided to opt for the bank’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum, interest rate was 4.05% in August 2009 and the loan was disbursed on August 10, 2009.





Future Plans





We plan to expand our market share in the semiconductor industry.  In 2009, our Malaysia subsidiary acquired the leased property in Malaysia to assure the prospects of long term support for our customers in Malaysia. Our Suzhou operation is in the process from a production based operation to an engineering service based operation.
We also intend to continue to explore new business opportunities to offset the lost testing revenue due to the loss of a contract with one of our major customers. Our new subsidiary, SHI International Pte., Ltd. ("SHI"), in which Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. holds 55% of the ownership interest, engages in the oil and gas industries, which we believe will aid in the diversification of our products and services, with the aim of decreasing our risk associated with the involvement in a single industry.





General





Trio-Tech International primarily provides third-party semiconductor testing and burn-in services primarily through its laboratories in Southeast Asia.  We also design, manufacture and market equipment and systems to be used in the process of testing semiconductors at our facilities in California and Southeast Asia, and distribute
semiconductor processing and testing equipment manufactured by other vendors.





In April 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. set up a new entity, SHI, in which Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. holds 55% of the ownership interest. On April 7, 2009, SHI entered into a Share Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which SHI acquired from Erni Susanto Susi, Dwi Kartikarini and PT SAS International shares of PT SAS Heavy
Industry ("SASHI") for an aggregate cash purchase price of $110. The shares of SASHI acquired by SHI pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement represent approximately 95% of the outstanding shares of SASHI. SASHI engages in engineering and fabrication work for oil and gas companies.


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We have historically operated in three segments: Testing Services, Manufacturing and Distribution. In June 2007, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. established a subsidiary in Chongqing, China,   As our investment in the real estate business in Chongqing, China meets the definition and exceeds more than 10% of our combined
assets of all operating segments in fiscal 2009, we reported our investment in China as a separate Real Estate Segment, to be in compliance with and in accordance to the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131  Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. The financial information on the measurement of profit or loss and total assets for the four segments,
as well as geographic area information, can be found under management’s discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial conditions, as well as in the financial statements included in this report.  Our working capital requirements are covered under management’s discussion and analysis of business outlook, liquidity and capital resources.





We currently operate five testing facilities; one in the United States and four in Southeast Asia.  These facilities provide customers with a full range of testing services, such as burn-in and product life testing for finished or packaged semiconductors.





Our manufacturing segment manufactures Artic Temperature Controlled Wafer Chucks, which are used for test, characterization and failure analysis of semiconductor wafers, Wet Process Stations, which wash and dry wafers at a series of 100 to 300 additional processing steps after the etching or deposition of integrated circuits, and other
microelectronic substrates in what is commonly called the “front-end”, or creation of semiconductor circuits.  Additionally, we also manufacture centrifuges, leak detectors, HAST (Highly Accelerated Stress Test) systems and “burn-in" systems that are used primarily in the “back-end” of the semiconductor manufacturing process to test finished semiconductor devices and electronic components.





Our distribution segment operates primarily in Southeast Asia.  This segment markets and supports distribution of our own manufactured equipment in addition to distributing complementary products supplied by other manufacturers that are used by our customers and other semiconductor and electronics manufacturers.  We
expanded the distribution business to include a strategic business unit mainly to serve as a distributor of electronic components to customers.





The investment income generated by Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. (“TTCQ”) in fiscal year 2009 and 2008 was classified as part of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.





On January 8, 2009, TTM, a 55% owned subsidiary of Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. (which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Registrant), entered into a Sales and Purchase Agreement with TS Matrix Properties Sdn. Bhd. (“TSM”) whereby TTM agreed to purchase from TSM real property totaling 7,312 square meters in Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, the address for which is Lot 11A, Jalan SS 8/2, Sg. Way Industrial Zone, 47300 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan.  Prior to this purchase, this property was under lease rental by the Company for its testing operations.





The total cash purchase price to be paid by TTM under the Sales and Purchase Agreement is RM 12,450 (Malaysian ringgit) or approximately $3,534 (U.S. dollars). Pursuant to the Sales and Purchase Agreement, TTM paid TSM a 10% down payment of RM 1,245, or approximately $350 (U.S. dollars) through internally generated funds.  The
consummation of the transaction contemplated by the Sale and Purchase Agreement is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions.  The balance of the purchase price has been paid.





All dollar amounts above are based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009, published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.  The foregoing contains certain forward-looking statements which are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties.  Actual results could differ materially
because of various factors, including without limitation changes in the exchange rate between Malaysian ringgit and United States dollars.


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Information for each segment regarding external customers, profit and loss and total assets may be found in the footnotes to the financial statements included in this Form 10-K, which information is incorporated herein by this reference.





Company History




1958
Incorporated in California.1976
The Company formed Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. in Singapore.1984
The Company formed the European Electronic Test Center (EETC), a Cayman Islands domiciled subsidiary, to operate a test facility in Dublin, Ireland.1985
The Company's Singapore subsidiary entered into a joint venture agreement, Trio-Tech Malaysia, to operate a test facility in Penang.1986
Trio-Tech International listed on the NASDAQ Small Cap market under the symbol TRTC.1988
The Company acquired the Rotating Test Equipment Product Line of Genisco Technology Corporation.1990
Trio-Tech International acquired Express Test Corporation in California.
Trio-Tech Malaysia opened a new facility in Kuala Lumpur.1992
Trio-Tech Singapore opened Trio-Tech Bangkok, Thailand.
Trio-Tech Singapore achieved ISO 9002 certification.1994
Trio-Tech Malaysia started a new components assembly operation in Batang Kali.1995
Trio-Tech Singapore achieved ISO 9001 certification.1997
In November 1997, the Company acquired KTS Incorporated, dba Universal Systems of Campbell, California.1998
In September 1998, the Company listed on AMEX under the symbol TRT.2000
Trio-Tech Singapore achieved QS 9000 certification.
Trio-Tech Malaysia closed its facility in Batang Kali.2001
The Company divested the Rotating Test Equipment Product Line.
Trio-Tech Malaysia closed its facility in Kuala Lumpur.2003
Trio-Tech Singapore opened a sales office in China known as Trio-Tech (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.
Trio-Tech Malaysia scaled down its facility in Penang.2004
The Company moved its Wet Process Station manufacturing from Campbell, California to Singapore.
Trio-Tech Test Services Pte., Ltd. was renamed Universal (Far East) Pte., Ltd.
Trio-Tech Malaysia acquired a burn-in testing division in Petaling Jaya.2005
Trio-Tech Singapore, Trio-Tech Malaysia and Trio-Tech Bangkok achieved ISO 9001: 2000 certification.
Trio-Tech Singapore, Trio-Tech Malaysia and Trio-Tech Bangkok achieved ISO/TS16949, 2002 certification.
Trio-Tech Ireland closed its facility in Ireland.2006
Trio-Tech Singapore acquired a burn-in testing company in Shanghai and changed its name to Trio-Tech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.




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2007
Trio-Tech Singapore achieved ISO 14001, 2004 certification.
Universal (Far East) Pte., Ltd achieved ISO/IEC 17025, 2005 accreditation under SAC-SINGLAS for the field of Testing.
Trio-Tech (Suzhou) started its testing service.
Trio-Tech Singapore established a subsidiary, Trio-Tech (ChongQing) Co., Ltd. in ChongQing, China.2008
Trio-Tech (Suzhou) achieved ISO 9001:2000 certification.
Universal (Far East) Pte., Ltd. obtained ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accreditation under SAC-SINGLAS for the field of Calibration and Measurement.
Universal (Far East) Pte., Ltd. obtained ISO 9001:2000 certification.
Trio-Tech Singapore scaled down its facility in Singapore due to the loss of one of its major customers.2009
Trio-Tech Singapore, Trio-Tech Malaysia, Trio-Tech (Suzhou) and Trio-Tech (Bangkok) were re-certified to ISO 9001-2008 standards.
Trio-Tech Singapore established a subsidiary,  SHI International Pte., Ltd. in Singapore.





Background





Global economic conditions worsened over the course of the year, but are anticipated to improve in the coming years. With the global slowdown the demand for electronic and related equipment decreased affecting the semiconductor and ancillary industries. Semiconductor industries are usually highly cyclical, hence the support industries also
follow trend.





According to the projections of the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) the sales of semi-conductors will begin to rebound in 2010, with year on year growth of 6.5% to $208.3 billion, followed by 6.5% growth. The 2008 chip market was the fourth successive year of single digit growth. The Semiconductor Industry Association reported
in its annual mid-year forecast that projected worldwide sales of semi-conductor are $195.6 billion in 2009, which is a decline of 21.3% from $248.6 billion in 2008.





The Wall Street Transcript has in September 2009 published its Semiconductor Equipment and Software Report. In the report, the experts forecast that “semiconductor stocks should see greater upside as businesses start upgrading hardware for Windows 7.”





Testing Services





We own and operate facilities that provide testing services for semiconductor products to ensure that these products meet certain requirements imposed for military, aerospace, industrial and commercial applications.  Testing services represented approximately 49% and 45% of net sales for the
fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The net sales in the testing segment decreased by $8,414 to $9,758 for the year ended June 30, 2009 as the result of the significant drop in orders from one of our major customers.





We use our own proprietary equipment for certain burn-in, centrifugal and leak tests, and commercially available equipment for various other environmental tests. We conduct the majority of our testing operations in Southeast Asia with facilities in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and China.  Most of the facilities in Southeast Asia
are either ISO9001 or ISO14001 certified.  In 2008, one of our testing operations was awarded ISO/ICE 17025: 2005 accreditation under SAC-SINGLAS (Singapore Accreditation Council-Singapore Laboratory Accreditation Scheme) for the fields of Calibration and Measurement. In 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd., Trio-Tech Malaysia, Trio-Tech (Suzhou) and Trio-Tech (Bangkok) were re-certified to ISO 9001-2008 standards.


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Testing services are rendered to manufacturers and purchasers of semiconductors and other entities who either lack testing capabilities or whose in-house screening facilities are insufficient for testing devices in order for them to make sure that these products meet military or certain commercial specifications.  Customers outsource
their test services either to accommodate fluctuations in output or to benefit from economies that can be offered by third party service providers.  For those customers with adequate in-house capabilities, we offer testing services for their “overflow” requirements and also provide independent testing verification services.





Our laboratories perform a variety of tests, including stabilization bake, thermal shock, temperature cycling, mechanical shock, constant acceleration, gross and fine leak tests, electrical testing, microprocessor equipment contract cleaning services, static and dynamic burn-in tests, smart burn-in tests, reliability lab services and vibration
testing.  Our laboratories also perform qualification testing, consisting of intense tests conducted on small samples of output from manufacturers who require qualification of their processes and devices.





Manufacturing Products





We design, develop, manufacture and market equipment for the manufacturing and testing of semiconductor wafers, devices and other electronic components.  Revenue from the sale of products manufactured by the Company represented approximately 48% and 54% of net sales for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.





Front-End Products





Artic Temperature Controlled Wafer Chucks





Artic Temperature Controlled Chucks are used for test, characterization and failure analysis of semiconductor wafers and such other components at accurately controlled cold and hot temperatures.  Several models are available with temperatures ranging from -65°C
to +400°C and in diameters from 4 to 12 inches.  The finished wafer is put through a series of tests using the Artic Temperature Controlled Chuck in which each separate integrated device on the wafer is tested at accurately controlled temperatures for functionality.  After testing, the wafer is "diced" or cut up, and each die is then placed into packaging material, usually plastic or ceramic, with lead wires to permit mounting
onto printed circuit boards.  These systems provide excellent performance to meet the most demanding customer applications.  Several unique mechanical design features, for which patents have been granted, provide excellent mechanical stability under high probing forces and across temperature ranges.





Wet Process Stations





Wet Process Stations are used for cleaning, rinsing and drying semiconductor wafers, flat panel displays magnetic disks, and other microelectronic substrates.  After the etching or deposition of integrated circuits, wafers are typically sent through a series of 100 to 300 additional processing steps.  At many of these
processing steps, the wafer is washed and dried using Wet Process Stations.  This product line includes manual, semi-automated and automated Wet Process Stations, and features radial and linear robots, state-of-the-art PC touch-screen controllers and sophisticated scheduling and control software.  The Wet Process Station is currently manufactured in Singapore.


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Back-End Products





Autoclaves and HAST (Highly Accelerated Stress Test) Equipment





We manufacture a range of autoclaves and HAST systems and specialized test fixtures.  Autoclaves provide pressurized, saturated vapor (100% relative humidity) test environments for fast and easy monitoring of integrated circuit manufacturing processes.  HAST equipment, which provide a pressurized high temperature environment
with variable humidity, are used to determine the moisture resistance of plastic encapsulated devices.  HAST provides a fast and cost-effective alternative to conventional non-pressurized temperature and humidity testing.





Burn-in Equipment and Boards





We manufacture burn-in systems, burn-in boards and burn-in board test systems.  Burn-in equipment is used to subject semiconductor devices to elevated temperatures while testing them electrically to identify early product failures and to assure long-term reliability.  Burn-in testing approximates, in a compressed time
frame, the electrical and thermal conditions to which the device would be subjected during its normal life.





We manufacture the COBIS II burn-in system, which offers state-of-the-art dynamic burn-in capabilities and a Windows-based operating system with full data logging and networking features.  We also offer burn-in boards for our BISIC, COBIS and COBIS II burn-in systems and other brands of burn-in systems.  Burn-in boards
are used to mount devices during high temperature environmental stressing tests.





We build Smart Burn-In (SBI) electrical equipment and System Level Test (SLT) equipment, which are used in the few final stages of testing microprocessor devices. While providing integrated burn-in solutions, we present total burn-in automation solutions to improve products’ yield, reduce processing downtime and improve efficiency.  In
addition, we developed a cooling solution for high power heat dissipation semiconductor devices.  This solution involves the cooling or maintaining of the temperature of high power semiconductor devices.





Component Centrifuges and Leak Detection Equipment





Component centrifuges and leak detection equipment are used to test the mechanical integrity of ceramic and other hermetically sealed semiconductor devices and electronic parts for high reliability and aerospace applications.  Our centrifuges spin these devices and parts at specific acceleration rates, create gravitational forces
(g’s) up to 30,000g’s, and thereby indicate any mechanical weakness in the devices.  Leak detection equipment is designed to detect leaks in hermetic packaging.  The first stage of the test includes pressurizing the devices in a tracer gas for fine leaks or fluid for gross leaks.  The bubble tester is used for gross leak detection.  A visual bubble trail will indicate when a device is defective.





Distribution Activities





The Company’s Singapore subsidiary continues to develop its international distribution activities in Southeast Asia.  In addition to marketing our own proprietary products, the Singapore subsidiary distributes products that complement other manufacturers based in the United States, Europe, Japan and other countries.  The
products sold include environmental chambers, handlers, interface systems, vibration systems, and shaker systems, solder ability testers and other manufactured products.


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Revenue from distribution activities represented approximately 1% of net sales for each of the years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008. It is the strategy of management to focus on the sales of our own manufactured products. We believe that requirements for auxiliary services such as equipment services, after-sales installation, and spare parts
will be an add-on to our overall business.





Real Estate Segment





In fiscal year 2008, TTCQ invested an aggregate of $2,196 in Chongqing, China to jointly develop with JiaSheng Property Development Co., Ltd. (“JiaSheng”) a 24.91 acre parcel and to purchase an office space of 827.2 square meters in Chongqing.  In the fourth quarter of 2008, we received a return of RMB 5,750; RMB 5,000
(approximately $732) in initial investment and an additional RMB 750 (approximately $103) in profit. The Company rented office space to a third party on July 13, 2008 and in fiscal year 2009 this property generated a rental income of $65.





On October 23, 2008, TTCQ increased their investment and entered into a Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng to purchase four units of commercial property and two units of residential property, totaling 1,391.70 square meters located in Chongqing, China. The total purchase price was RMB 7,042 (approximately $1,031).  Also on October
23, 2008, the Company entered into a lease agreement with JiaSheng for the six units purchased from JiaSheng pursuant to the Memorandum Agreement.  The lease provides for a two year term with an annual rental income of RMB 1,392, or approximately $204 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. The lease started on November 1, 2008 and generated a rental income of $137 in fiscal year 2009. In fiscal 2009, we also received a profit of $291 from the
real estate that we developed with JiaSheng jointly, which was used to offset the purchase of property in fiscal year 2009.





Revenue from this segment represented approximately 2% and 0.3% of net sales for the fiscal years end June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.





Product Research and Development





Research and development costs recorded in our U.S. operation for fiscal 2009 amounted to $39, which was a decrease of $16 when compared to $55 in fiscal 2008. This was due to a decrease in the full time research and development engineer headcount in the U.S. operation.





Marketing, Distribution and Services





We market our products and services worldwide, directly and through independent sales representatives.  We have approximately six independent sales representatives operating in the United States and another sixteen in various foreign countries.  Of the twenty-two sales representatives, six are representing the distributionsegment
and sixteen are representing the testing segment and the manufacturing segment.  Trio-Tech’s United States marketing efforts are coordinated from its California location.  Southeast Asia marketing efforts are assigned to the Company’s subsidiaries located in Singapore.  We advertise our products in trade journals and participate in trade shows.





Independent testing laboratories, users, assemblers and manufacturers of semiconductor devices, including many large, well-known corporations, purchase our products and services.  These customers depend on the current and anticipated market demand for integrated circuits and products utilizing semiconductor devices.  Our
ability to maintain close, satisfactory relationships with our customers is essential to our stability and growth.  However, because of a high concentration of customers, the loss, reduction, or delay of orders placed by our significant customers, or delays in collecting accounts receivable from our significant customers, could adversely affect our results of operations and financial positions.


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In fiscal 2009 and 2008, sales of equipment and services to all our three largest customers (Advanced Micro Devices, Freescale Semiconductor and Infineon Technology) accounted for approximately 58% (2009) and 80% (2008), respectively, of our total net revenue.  During fiscal 2009, we had sales of $1,516 (8%), $8,577 (43%) and
$1,537 (8%) to Advanced Micro Devices, Freescale Semiconductor and Infineon Technology, respectively. During fiscal 2008, we had sales of $16,760 (42%), $13,777 (34%) and $1,736 (4%) to Advanced Micro Devices, Freescale Semiconductor and Infineon Technology, respectively.  Although the three customers mentioned above are U.S. companies, the revenue generated from them was from their facilities located outside of the U.S.  The majority of our sales and services in fiscal years 2009 and 2008
were to customers outside of the United States.  See information presented in Note 22 - Business Segments of our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K.





Backlog





The following table sets forth the Company's backlog at the dates indicated (amounts in thousands):





June 30,


June 30,2009


2008Manufacturing backlog

$
1,194


$
3,165Testing service backlog


345



6,965Distribution backlog


75



316$
1,614


$
10,446





Based upon our past experience, we do not anticipate any significant cancellations or re-negotiation of sales.  The purchase orders for manufacturing, testing and distribution businesses generally require delivery within 12 months from the date of the purchase order and certain costs are incurred before delivery. In the event
of a cancellation of a confirmed purchase order we require our customers to reimburse us for all costs incurred.We do not anticipate any difficulties in meeting delivery schedules.





Materials and Supplies





Our products are designed by our engineers and are assembled and tested at our facilities in California, China and Singapore.  We purchase all parts and certain components from outside vendors for assembly purposes.  We have no written contracts with any of our key suppliers.  As these parts and components
are available from a variety of sources, we believe that the loss of any one of our suppliers would not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations taken as a whole.


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Competition





There are numerous testing laboratories in the areas where we operate that perform a range of testing services similar to those offered by us.  However, due to recent severe competition in the Southeast Asia testing and burn-in services industry there has been a reduction in the total number of competitors.  As we have sold
and anticipate continuing to sell our products to competing laboratories, and other test products are available from many other manufacturers, our competitors are able to offer the same testing capabilities.  The relevant testing equipment is also available to semiconductor manufacturers and users who might otherwise use third party testing laboratories, including us, to perform testing.  The existence of competing laboratories and the purchase of testing equipment by semiconductor manufacturers
and users are potential threats to our future testing services revenue and earnings.  Although these laboratories and new competitors may challenge us at any time, we believe that other factors, including reputation, long service history and strong customer relationships, are more important than pricing in determining our position in the market.





The distribution segment sells a wide range of equipment to be used for testing products.  We believethat the equipment, components trading and equipment servicing markets arekey growth areas in Southeast Asia and hence have focused our marketing
efforts on Asia.  As the semiconductor equipment industry is highly competitive, the distribution operation faces stiff price competition if the equipment is sold piecemeal.  Thus, "add value" has been a key phrase in our sales mission for the past several years.  We believe that “add value” willcontinue to dominate as the key focal point as we offer integrated solutions that draw on the strengths of our technical specialists who
have undergone intensive training with our vendors.  Equipment is brought into Singapore from various vendors, and depending on customers' specific requirements, is tested and system integrated before distribution, delivery and installation.





The demand for electronic components in fiscal 2009 was on a declining trend in Southeast Asia, due to lower demand in mobile telecommunication equipment, high-end personal computers, notebooks and server chips. As our target customers are mainly multinational contract manufacturers with a worldwide database of suppliers, the most commonly
used components became extremely price competitive.  The components division of our distribution segment has been competing in the market with various distribution methods, including direct online ordering systems put in place by vendors for the products they are distributing.  We do not believe that such online competition is a major competitive factor to our business, as we offer good credit facilities and believe that we have maintained excellent business relationships with our long-term
customers.





The semiconductor equipment manufacturing industry is highly competitive and most of our competitors for such equipment are located in Southeast Asia.  Some of our electronic device manufacturing customers in Southeast Asia increased their capital equipment in order to meet the increase in production capacity for electronic products.  There
is no assurance that competition will not increase or that our technological advantages may not be reduced or lost as a result of technological advances by competitors or changes in semiconductor processing technology.  In the United States, our manufacturing segment focused on marketing used and refurbished equipment, which some customers are more willing to purchase since it is less expensive than new equipment.





We believe that the principal competitive factors in the manufacturing industry include product performance, reliability, service and technical support, product improvements, price, established relationships with customers and product familiarity.  We make every effort to compete favorably with respect to each of these factors.  Although
we have competitors for our various products, we believe that our products compete favorably with respect to each of the above factors.  We have been in business for more than 51 years and have operation facilities mostly located in Southeast Asia.  We believe that those factors combined have helped us to establish and consolidate long-term relationships with customers and will allow us to continue doing business with our existing customers upon their relocation to other regions where we have
a local presence or are able to reach.


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 Table of Contents





Patents





The manufacturing segment holds a United States patent granted in 1994 on certain aspects of our Artic temperature test systems.  In 2001, we registered a new United States patent (for 21 years) for several aspects of our new range of Artic Temperature Controlled Chucks.  Although we believe that these patents are an
integral part of our manufacturing segment, the capitalized cost of the patents was written off in fiscal 2002 because of the impairment assessed by our management.  In fiscal 2009 and 2008 we did not register any patents within the U.S.





It is typical in the semiconductor industry to receive notices from time to time alleging infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights of others.  We do not believe that we infringe the intellectual property rights of any others.  However, should any claims be brought against us, the cost of litigating
such claims and any damages could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.





Employees





In the United States we had approximately 10 full time employees and 413 full time employees in Southeast Asia for a total of approximately 423 employees as of June 30, 2009.  None of our employees are represented by a labor union.





As of June 30, 2009, there were approximately 274 employees in the testing segment, 106 employees in the manufacturing segment, 37 employees in the distribution segment, 4 employees in the real estate segment and 2 in the corporate office.





ITEM1A ─ RISK FACTORS





The following are certain risk factors that could impact our business, financial results and results of operations.  Investing in our Common Stock involves risks, including those described below.  The risk factors below, among others, should be
considered by prospective and current investors in our Common Stock before making or evaluating an investment in our securities.  These risk factors could causeactual results and conditions to differ materially from those projected herein.  If the risks we face, including those listed below, actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations
could have a negative impact, and the trading price of our Common Stock could decline, which could cause you to lose all or part of your investment.


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 Table of Contents





Our operating results are affected by a variety of factors





There are a wide variety of factors that could materially affect our operating results, revenue and profitability or lead to significant variances in quarterly or annual operating results.  These factors include, among others, components relating to:





·
economic and market conditions in the semiconductor industry;


·
loss of key personnel or the shortage of available skilled employees;


·
changes in technology in the semiconductor industry, which could affect demand for our products and services;


·
changes in testing processes;


·
other technological, economic, financial and regulatory factors beyond our control;


·
the impact of competition;


·
currency fluctuations;


·
market acceptance of our products and services;


·
the lack of long-term purchase or supply agreements with customers and vendors;


·
changes in military or commercial testing specifications, which could affect the market for our products and services;


·
difficulties in profitably integrating acquired businesses, if any, into the Company; and


·
international political or economic events.





Unfavorable changes in these or other factors could materially and adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.  We may not be able to generate revenue growth, and any revenue growth that is achieved may not be sustained.  Our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially
adversely affected if operating expenses increased and were not subsequently followed by increased revenues.




Currently unfavorable economic and market conditions, domestically and internationally, may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows




We have significant customer sales both in the U.S. and internationally. We are also reliant upon suppliers and distributors in the U.S. and internationally. We are therefore susceptible to adverse U.S. and international economic and market conditions, including the challenging economic conditions that have prevailed and continue to prevail
in the U.S. and worldwide. The recent turmoil in the financial markets has resulted in dramatically higher borrowing costs that have made it more difficult (in some cases, prohibitively so) for many companies to obtain credit and fund their working capital obligations. If any of our customers, distributors or suppliers experience serious financial difficulties or cease operations, our business will be adversely affected. In addition, the adverse impact of the credit crisis on consumers is expected to cause consumers
to reduce their spending, which will adversely impact demand for consumer products such as certain end products in which our chips are embedded. In addition, prices of certain commodities, including oil, metals, grains and other food products, are volatile and are subject to fluctuations arising from changes in domestic and international supply and demand, labor costs, competition, market speculation, government regulations and periodic delays in delivery. High or volatile commodity prices increase the cost of
doing business and adversely affect consumers’ discretionary spending. As a result of the difficulty that businesses (including our customers) may have in obtaining credit, the increasing and/or volatile costs of commodities and the decreased consumer spending that is the likely result of the credit market crisis and commodities’ price volatility, continued global economic and market turmoil are likely to have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.


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 Table of Contents




Semiconductor industry cycles affect our business





Our business depends primarily upon the capital expenditures of semiconductor manufacturers, assemblers and other testing companies worldwide.  These industries in turn depend on the current and anticipated market demand for integrated circuits and products utilizing semiconductor devices.  The global semiconductor industry
generally, and the semiconductor testing equipment industry in particular, are volatile and cyclical, with periodic capacity shortages and excess capacity.  In periods of excess capacity, the industry sharply cuts its purchases of capital equipment, including our distributed products, and reduces testing volumes, including our testing services.  Excess capacity also causes downward pressure on the selling prices of our products and services.





Our operating results have been adversely affected by past downturns and slowdowns.  There is no assurance that there will not be downturns or slowdowns in the future that may adversely affect our financial condition or operating results.  In addition, if one or more of our primary customers reduces its or their purchases
or use of our products or testing services, our financial results could be materially and adversely affected.  We anticipate that we will continue to be primarily dependent on the semiconductor industry for the foreseeable future.





Rapid technological changes may make our products obsolete or result in decreased prices or increased expenses





Technology changes rapidly in the semiconductor industry and may make our services or products obsolete.  Advances in technology may lead to significant price erosion for products that we test with our older testing technologies.  Our success will depend in part on our ability to develop and offer more advanced testing
technologies and processes in the future, to anticipate both future demand and the technology to supply that demand, to enhance our current products and services, to provide those products and services at competitive prices on a timely and cost-effective basis and to achieve market acceptance of those products and services.  To accomplish these goals, we may be required to incur significant engineering expenses.  As new products or services are introduced, we may experience warranty claims
or product returns.  We may not be able to accomplish these goals correctly or timely enough.  If we fail in our efforts, our products and services may become less competitive or obsolete.





Our dependence on international sales involves significant risk





Sales and services to customers outside the United States accounted for approximately 91% and 88% of our sales for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively.  Approximately 95%, and 98% of our net revenues in fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively, were generated from business in Southeast Asia.  We expect that our non-U.S. sales
and services will continue to generate the majority of our future revenue.  Testing services in Southeast Asia were performed primarily for American companies, and to a lesser extent European companies, selling products and doing business in those regions.  International business operations may be adversely affected by many factors, including fluctuations in exchange rates, imposition of government controls, trade restrictions, political, economic and business events and social and cultural
differences.





We may incur losses due to foreign currency fluctuations





Significant portions of our revenue are denominated in Singapore dollars, Malaysian ringgit, Thai baht, Chinese yuan and other currencies.  Consequently, a portion of our costs, revenue and operating margins may be affected by fluctuations in exchange rates, primarily between the U.S. dollar and such foreign currencies.  We
are also affected by fluctuations in exchange rates because our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar whereas the functional currencies in our Southeast Asia operations are non-U.S. dollars.  Foreign currency translation adjustments resulted in a decrease of $832 to shareholders’ equity for fiscal 2009 and an increase of $1,548 to shareholders’ equity for fiscal 2008.


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 Table of Contents




We try to reduce our risk of foreign currency fluctuations by purchasing certain equipment and supplies in U.S. dollars and seeking payment, when possible, in U.S. dollars.  However, we may not be successful in our attempts to mitigate our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations due to rapid and unpredictable changes.  Those
fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial results.





We are highly dependent on key personnel





Our success has depended, and to a large extent will depend, on the continued services of S. W. Yong, our Chief Executive Officer and President, Victor H. M. Ting, our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, our other key senior executives, and engineering, marketing, sales, production and other personnel.  We do not have
an employment agreement with Mr. Yong or Mr. Ting, but we are the beneficiary of “key man” life insurance in the amount of $6 million on Mr. Yong and $2 million on Mr. Ting.  The loss of these key personnel, who would be difficult to replace, could harm our business and operating results.  Competition for management in our industry is intense and we may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining the executive management and other key personnel that we require.





We do not rely on patents to protect our products or technology





We hold U.S. patents relating to our pressurization humidity testing equipment and certain aspects of our Artic Temperature test systems.  Additionally, in fiscal 2001, we were granted patents for certain aspects of our new range of Artic Temperature Controlled Chucks.  However, although we believe our patents are integral
to the business of our manufacturing segment, generally we do not rely on patent or trade secret protection for our products or technology.  Competitors may develop technologies similar to or more advanced than ours.  We cannot assure that our current or future products will not be copied or will not infringe on the patents of others.  Moreover, the cost of litigation of any claim or damages resulting from infringement of patents or other intellectual property could adversely affect
our business, financial condition and results of operations.





We do not have contracts with key suppliers





We have no written contracts with any of our suppliers.  Our suppliers may terminate their relationships with us at any time without notice.  There can be no assurance that we will be able to find satisfactory replacement suppliers or that new suppliers will not be more expensive than the current suppliers if any of
our suppliers were to terminate their relationship with us.





Intense competition can adversely affect our operating results





The semiconductor equipment and testing industries are intensely competitive.  Significant competitive factors include price, technical capabilities, quality, automation, reliability, product availability and customer service.  We face competition from established and potential new competitors, many of whom have greater
financial, engineering, manufacturing and marketing resources than us.  New products or testing facilities offered by our competitors could cause a decline in our revenue or a loss of market acceptance of our existing products and services.  Increased competitive pressure could also lead to intensified price-based competition.  Price-based competition may result in lower prices, adversely affecting our operating results.


-14-
 Table of Contents





There are numerous testing laboratories in the areas where we operate that perform a range of testing services similar to those offered by us.  However, recent severe competition in the South Asia testing and burn-in services industry has reduced the total number of our competitors.  As we have sold and anticipate continuing
to sell our products to competing laboratories, and other test products are available from many other manufacturers, our competitors are able to offer the same testing capabilities.  The relevant testing equipment is also available to semiconductor manufacturers and users who might otherwise use third party testing laboratories, including us, to perform testing.  The existence of competing laboratories and the purchase of testing equipment by semiconductor manufacturers and users are potential
threats to our future testing services revenue and earnings.  Although these laboratories and new competitors may challenge us at any time, we believe that other factors, including reputation, long service history and strong customer relationships, are more important than pricing in determining our position in the market.





Concentration of customers





Independent testing laboratories, users, assemblers and manufacturers of semiconductor devices, including many large, well-known corporations, purchase our products and services.  These customers depend on the current and anticipated market demand for integrated circuits and products utilizing semiconductor devices.  Our
ability to maintain close, satisfactory relationships with our customers is essential to our stability and growth.  However, because of a high concentration of customers, the loss, reduction, or delay of orders placed by our significant customers, or delays in collecting accounts receivable from our significant customers, could adversely affect our results of operations and financial positions.





Loss, reduction or delay of orders from significant customers could adversely affect our financial condition





The semiconductor manufacturing industry is highly concentrated, with a relatively small number of large manufacturers and assemblers accounting for a substantial portion of our revenue from product sales and testing revenue.  Our experience has been that sales to particular customers may fluctuate significantly from quarter to
quarter and year to year.  In fiscal 2009 and 2008, sales of equipment and services to our three largest customers accounted for approximately 58% and 80%, respectively, of our total net revenue.  Our ability to maintain close, satisfactory relationships with our customers is essential to our stability and growth.  The loss of or reduction or delay in orders from our significant customers, or delays in collecting accounts receivable from our significant customers, could adversely
affect our financial condition and results of operations.





Our testing products and services may be adversely affected by our sales of testing equipment





If our testing equipment is purchased by semiconductor manufacturers and assemblers, it may reduce the likelihood that they will make further purchases of such equipment or use our laboratories for testing services.  Although military or other specifications require certain testing to be done by independent laboratories, over
time other current customers may have less need of our testing services.  We believe that there is a growing trend toward outsourcing of the integrated circuit testing process.  As a result, we anticipate continued growth in the test laboratory business.  However, there is no assurance that this trend will continue.  In an attempt to diversify our sales mix, we may seek to develop and introduce new or advanced products, and to acquire other companies in the semiconductor
equipment manufacturing business.


-15-
 Table of Contents





Acquisition and integration of new businesses could disrupt our ongoing business, distract management and employees, increase our expenses or adversely affect our business





A portion of any future growth may be accomplished through the acquisition of other entities.  The success of those acquisitions will depend, in part, on our ability to integrate the acquired personnel, operations, products, services and technologies into our organization, to retain and motivate key personnel of the acquired entities
and to retain the customers of those entities.  We may not be able to identify suitable acquisition opportunities, obtain financing on acceptable terms to bring the acquisition to fruition or to integrate such personnel, operations, products or services.  The process of identifying and closing acquisition opportunities and integrating acquisitions into our operations may distract our management and employees, disrupt our ongoing business, increase our expenses and materially and adversely
affect our operations.  We may also be subject to certain other risks if we acquire other entities, such as the assumption of additional liabilities.  We may issue additional equity securities or incur debt to pay for future acquisitions.





Our management has significant influence over corporate decisions





As of September 23, 2009, our officers and directors and their affiliates beneficially owned approximately 27.48% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, they may be able to significantly influence matters requiring approval of the shareholders, including the election of directors, and may be able to delay or prevent a change
in control of the Company.





We may not pay cash dividends in the future





We declared a cash dividend of eleven cents (U.S. $0.11) per share payable to the shareholders of record on February 25, 2008.  Based on the results from fiscal 2009, we do not anticipate paying a cash dividend with respect to fiscal 2009.  There is no assurance that we will, or that we will be able to, pay any cash
dividends on our Common Stock in the future.  We anticipate that future earnings, if any, will be retained for use in the business or for other corporate purposes.  Additionally, California law prohibits the payment of dividends if the Company does not have sufficient retained earnings or cannot meet certain asset to liability ratios.





The market price for our Common Stock is subject to fluctuation





The trading price of our Common Stock has from time to time fluctuated widely.  The trading price may similarly fluctuate in the future in response to quarter-to-quarter variations in our operating results, announcements of innovations or new products by us or our competitors, general conditions in the semiconductor industry and
other events or factors.  In addition, in recent years, broad stock market indices in general, and the securities of technology companies in particular, have experienced substantial price fluctuations on a daily basis.  Fluctuations in the trading price of our Common Stock may adversely affect our liquidity.





Our results may be affected by interest rate fluctuations





We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio.  Our investment portfolio is generally comprised of cash deposits.  Our policy is to place these investments in instruments that meet high credit quality standards.  These securities are subject to interest rate risk and could decline
in value if interest rates fluctuate, and thus subject us to market risk due to those fluctuations.  Due to the short duration and conservative nature of our investment portfolio, we do not expect any material loss with respect to our investment portfolio, though no assurances can be given that material losses will not occur.


-16-
 Table of Contents





The interest rates on our loans and lines of credit range from 2.70% to 7.15% per annum.  As of June 30, 2009, the outstanding aggregate principal balance on these loans and lines of credit was approximately $1,503.  These interest rates are subject to change and we cannot predict an increase or decrease in rates, if
any.  However, an increase in interest rates could have an adverse effect on our financial results.





In April 2009 the interest rates on our loans with a financial institution in Singapore decreased from 3% plus cost of funds to 1% plus cost of funds, while the institution reviewed the credit facility. Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd., a subsidiary of the Registrant, had certain loans with a financial institution in Singapore, which
were in the past quarters classified as short term loans. Since the Singapore operations suffered a loss in fiscal year 2009, the Singapore operations did not fulfill one of their loan covenants which requires the Singapore operations to maintain the debt to EBITDA ratio of no more than 2.5 times at all times during the term of the loan. As a result, the Singapore operations had classified all long-term debt as current liabilities. Management had communicated to the bank and requested for a waiver of this particular
loan covenant. As a result, the financial institution waived the required loan covenant as requested but increased the security by requiring us to pledge the fixed deposits of S $2,000, approximately $1,380.





ITEM1B–UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS





Not applicable.


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 Table of Contents





ITEM2 – PROPERTIES





As of the date of filing of this Form 10-K, we believe that we are utilizing approximately 92% of our fixed property capacity.  We also believe that our existing facilities are under-utilized and are adequate and suitable to cover any sudden increase in our needs in the foreseeable future.





The following table presents the relevant information regarding the location and general character of our principal manufacturing and testing facilities:


Owned (O)Approx.

or Leased (L)Sq. Ft.

& ExpirationLocation
Principal Use/Segment

Occupied

Date16139 Wyandotte Street, Van Nuys,
Headquarters/


5,200

(L) Dec. 2010CA 91406, United States of America
Trio-Tech Systems1004, Toa Payoh North, SingaporeHEX 07-01/07,
Testing


6,864

(L) Sept. 2009 (1)HEX 07-01/07, (ancillary site)
Testing


2,339

(L) Sept. 2009 (1)HEX 03-01/02/03,
Testing/Manufacturing


2,959

(L) Sept. 2009 (1)HEX 01-08/15,
Testing/Manufacturing


6,864

(L) Jan. 2012HEX 01-08/15, (ancillary site)
Testing/Manufacturing


1,980

(L) Jan. 2012HEX 01-16/17,
Testing


1,983

(L) Jan. 2012HEX 02-11/12/14/15,
Testing


3,905

(L) Apr. 2011HEX 03-08/10,
Manufacturing


2,959

(L) May. 2010HEX 04-11/12
Manufacturing


1,953

(L) Nov. 2010 (2)1008, Toa Payoh North, SingaporeHEX 03-09/17,
Logistics/Universal (FE)


6,099

(L) Jan. 2012HEX 03-09/17, (ancillary site)
Logistics/Universal (FE)


70

(L) Jan. 2012HEX 07-17/18,
Testing


4,315

(L) Nov. 2009 (1)HEX 07-17/18, (ancillary site)
Testing


25

(L) Nov. 2009(1)HEX 07-01,
Testing


3,466

(L) Jan. 2010(1)HEX 02-17
Universal (FE)


832

(L) Jun. 2010 (1)HEX 02-18
Universal (FE)


3,466

(L) Nov. 2009(1)HEX 02-15/16
Universal (FE)


1,400

(L) Jul. 2010HEX 01-09/10/11
Universal (FE)


2,202

(L) Nov. 2009 (1)HEX 01-15/16
Universal (FE)


1,400

(L) Sept. 2011HEX 03-07/08
Testing


1,765

(L) Nov. 2010 (2)HEX 03-07/08, (ancillary site)
Testing


144

(L) Nov. 2010HEX 01-08
Universal (FE)


603

(L) Jun. 2012


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 Table of Contents




Plot 1A, Phase 1
Subleased


42,013

(O) (3)Bayan Lepas Free Trade Zone11900 PenangLot No. 11A, Jalan SS8/2,
Testing


19,334

(L) Aug. 2009  (4)Sungai Way Free Industrial Zone,47300 Petaling Jaya,Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaLot No. 4, Kawasan MIEL
Subleased


14,432

(L) Nov. 2010 (3)Sungai Way Baru Free Industrial Zone, Phsdr
Phase III,Phase III, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Dynamics, Malaysia327, Chalongkrung Road,
Testing


34,433

(O)Lamplathew, Lat Krabang,Bangkok 10520, ThailandNo. 5, Xing Han Street, Block A
Testing


9,957

(L) Oct. 2009 (2)#04-13/14, Suzhou Industrial ParkChina 215021No. 5, Xing Han Street, Block A
Testing


9,957

(L) Oct. 2009 (1)#04-15/16, Suzhou Industrial ParkChina 215021No. 273, Debao Road Factory No.58
Testing


7,158

(L) Aug. 2010Level 1 (West) Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Pudong 200131 Shanghai, ChinaZone, Pudong 200131 Shanghai, ChinaNo. 5, Xing Han Street, Block A
Testing


3,606

(L) Sep 2009 (1)#04-11/12, Suzhou Industrial ParkChina 21502126-4/5, Future International Building.
Office


2125

(L) Sep. 2010No. 6 North Jianxin Road 1st Road.Jiangbei District Chongqing China 400020





(1) With respect to the various leases that expire during fiscal 2010, the Company anticipates that the landlord will offer similar terms on each such lease at renewal and does not believe that material expenses will be incurred.


(2) The Company intends to return the indicated leased premises to the landlord at the end of the lease period.





(3) The premise is subleased to a third party.


(4) The property was acquired in August 2009




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 Table of Contents


ITEM3 – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS





The Company is, from time to time, the subject of litigation claims and assessments arising out of matters occurring in its normal business operations.  In the opinion of management, resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial statements.





There are no material proceedings to which any director, officer or affiliate of the Company, any beneficial owner of more than five percent of the Company’s Common Stock, or any associate of such person is a party that is adverse to the Company or its properties.




There was no litigation relating to environmental action which arose from our operations.





ITEM4 – SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS





None.


-20-
 Table of Contents





PART II




ITEM5–MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES




Our Common Stock is traded on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol “TRT.”  The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low sales prices of our Common Stock as quoted by AMEX:





Quarter Ended

High


LowFiscal 2008September 30, 2007

$
23.81


$
9.79December 31, 2007

$
12.50


$
8.26March 31, 2008

$
9.44


$
5.28June 30, 2008

$
6.50


$
5.08





Fiscal 2009September 30, 2008

$
5.61


$
3.59December 31, 2008

$
3.56


$
1.54March 31, 2009

$
2.11


$
1.17June 30, 2009

$
2.77


$
1.53





Stockholders





As of September 28, 2009, there were 3,227,430 shares of our Common Stock issued and outstanding, and the Company had approximately 158 record holders of Common Stock.





Dividend Policy




On February 12, 2008, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of eleven cents (U.S. $0.11) per share payable to the shareholders of record on February 25, 2008.  The total number of shares issued and outstanding as of February 25, 2008 was 3,226,430 and total cash dividends paid on March 25, 2008 were $354,907.





The determination asto whether topay any future cash dividends will depend upon our earnings and financial position at that time and other factors as the Board of Directors may deem appropriate.  California law prohibits
the payment of dividends if acorporation does not have sufficient retained earnings or cannot meet certain asset to liability ratios.  There is no assurance that dividends will be paid to holders of Common Stock in the foreseeable future.





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Stock Performance Graph





The graph below compares our cumulative total shareholder return of the Common Stock of the Company with that of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and the AMEX Composite Index for the five-year period ending June 30, 2009.  The graph assumes an investment of $100 on June 30, 2005 in the AMEX Composite Index and in the
S&P 500 Index.  The graph also assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any.  The historical stock performance shown on the following graph should not be considered indicative of future shareholder returns, and we will not make or endorse any predictions of future shareholder returns.










$100 invested on June 30, 2005 in stock or index-including reinvestment of dividends.  Fiscal year ends June 30.





6/05



6/06



6/07



6/08



6/09TRIO TECH INTL

$
155


$
250


$
816


$
208


$
106S & P 500

$
122


$
130


$
154


$
131


$
102AMEX

$
159


$
199


$
243


$
243


$
182




-22-
 Table of Contents





ITEM 6 – SELECTEDFINANCIAL DATA


(In thousands, except per share data)


June 30,


June 30,

June 30,


June 30,



June 30,2009


2008

2007


2006



2005Consolidated Statements of OperationsNet Sales

$
20,047


$
40,417

$
46,750
(1)

$
29,099
(2)


$
25,061Income (loss) from Operations


(2,011
)


62


4,197



487




359Net Income (loss) fromContinuing Operations


(1,966
)


(956
)

3,308



597




216Net Income (loss) fromDiscontinued Operations


-



-


-



8,459




5Total Net Income (loss)


(1,966
)


(956
)

3,308



9,056
(3)



221Basic Earnings (loss) per Share:Continuing Operations


(0.61
)


(0.30
)

1.03



0.19




0.07Discontinued Operations


0.00



0.00


0.00



2.72




0.00Basic Income (loss) per Share


(0.61
)


(0.30
)

1.03



2.91




0.07Diluted Earnings (loss) per Share:Continuing Operations


(0.61
)


(0.30
)

1.02



0.19




0.07Discontinued Operations


0.00



0.00


0.00



2.71




0.00Diluted Income (loss) per Share


(0.61
)


(0.30
)

1.02



2.90




0.07Weighted Average CommonStocks OutstandingBasic


3,227



3,226


3,223



3,113




2,964Diluted


3,227



3,226


3,233



3,126




3,029Consolidated Balance SheetsCurrent Assets

$
13,642


$
23,431

$
24,673


$
21,831



$
10,645Current Liabilities


4,340



7,528


8,228



8,536




5,836Working Capital


9,302



15,903


16,445



13,295




4,809Total Assets


27,947



34,759


32,788



29,384




18,345Long-term Debt andCapital Leases

$
289


$
1,763

$
294


$
874



$
744Shareholders' Equity

$
19,864


$
22,141

$
21,431


$
17,392



$
9,297Cash Dividend Paid per Share

$
-


$
0.11

$
0.10


$
0.50



$
-


(1)   The net sales included the sales from the business acquired in Shanghai.


(2)   The net sales included the sales from the business acquired in Malaysia.


(3)   The income from the discontinued operations was significant in fiscal 2006. There was no income from discontinued operation in fiscal 2007, 2008 and 2009 and the Company does not expect income from discontinued operations
going forward.


-23-
 Table of Contents




ITEM 7– MANAGEMENT'SDISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PERCENTAGES AND SHARE AMOUNTS)





The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our disclaimer on “Forward-Looking Statements,”  “Item 1. Business,” “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” “Item 6. Selected Financial Data” and Consolidated Financial Statements, the notes to those statements
and other financial information contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.




Overview





Trio-Tech International has historically operated in three distinct segments: distribution, manufacturing, testing.In June 2007, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. established a subsidiary Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. (“TTCQ”) in Chongqing, China to develop certain real estate
projects as more fully described elsewhere in this Form 10-K. As our investment in the real estate business in Chongqing, China meets the definition and exceeded more than 10% of our combined assets of all operating segments in fiscal 2009, we reported our investment in China as a separate Real Estate Segment, to be in compliance with and in accordance to the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information.





We providethird-party semiconductor testing and burn-in services primarily through our laboratories in Southeast Asia.  At or from our facilities in California and Southeast Asia, we also design, manufacture and market equipment and systems to be used in the testing and production of
semiconductors, and distribute semiconductor processing and testing equipment manufactured by other vendors.





Geographically, we operate in the U.S., Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and China.  Our major operation activities are conducted in our Singapore and Malaysia operations.  Our customers are mainly concentrated in Southeast Asia and they are either semiconductor chip manufacturers or testing facilities that purchase our
testing equipment.





In the third quarter of fiscal 2008, one of our major customers ceased their advanced burn-in testing service contract with us due to one of their product lines reaching the end of its life cycle earlier than expected.  The net sales in the testing segment decreased by $8,414 to $9,758 for the year ended June 30, 2009 as the result
of the loss of revenue from this major customer.  Management took immediate action to reduce expenses in an effort to match future cash flows and is in the process of developing new customer relationships in China and Malaysia and exploring new business opportunities to offset the lost testing revenue from this contract.





Recently, there has been widespread concern over the instability of the financial markets and their influence on the global economy. We believe that, as a result of the credit market crisis and other macro-economic challenges currently affecting the global economy, the orders from our customers in our testing operations in China were
seriously reduced.  During the year ended June 30, 2009, there was minimal business activity in our Shanghai testing operation, and there were also no secured orders or backlogs for subsequent periods.  Therefore, we expect very little future cash flows from the assets in the Shanghai operation.  The Company recorded an impairment loss of $299 on these assets based on its examination of future undiscounted cash flows in the second quarter of fiscal 2009. In addition, business in
the Suzhou operation also began to slow down in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 and suffered losses in fiscal 2009. The operation is currently only providing line support, maintenance and training services for one customer.  Based on our estimated future undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss of $226 was recorded for some of the testing equipment during the second quarter of fiscal 2009. During the third quarter of fiscal 2009, we also recorded an impairment loss of $98 for some testing equipment
in our Malaysia operation, which was beyond repairable conditions.


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In the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, we recorded lease termination expenses of $164 related to the future minimum rent of two idle plants in the Singapore operation. The non-cancelable lease term for these two plants expires in March 2011 and April 2011. Because neither of these plants have any economic benefit to the Company, management
does not currently have further plans for these units, and the ability for the Company to sublease these units does not seem likely, according to SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.The Company accrued the entire future minimum rent up to the end of the lease period in the second quarter of fiscal 2009.  This provision for future rental expense increased our cost of goods sold by $164 in the second quarter
of fiscal year 2009.





In fiscal year 2008, TTCQ invested RMB 15,000, equivalent to approximately $2,196 based on the exchange rate on June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, to jointly develop a piece of property with 24.91 acres with JiaShengProperty Development Co., Ltd. (JiaSheng) located
in Chongqing City, China, which is intended for sale after the completion of development.  In fiscal year 2008, the investment of RMB 5,000, or approximately $732, was returned to the Company. The Company also recorded a profit of RMB 750, approximately $103, in investment income in fiscal year 2008. In accordance with APB 18, The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock, management recorded the transaction using the cost method
of accounting.





In fiscal year 2008, TTCQ purchased office space of 827.2 square meters located in Chongqing, China from MaoYe Property Ltd. at the purchase price of RMB 5,554, equivalent to approximately $813 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.  The Company rented this property out
to a third party on July 13, 2008.  The term of the rental agreement was five years with a monthly rental income of RMB 39, or approximately $6 for the first three years, with an increase of 8% in the fourth year and another 8% in the fifth year. During the year ended June 30, 2009, this property generated a rental income of $54.





On October 23, 2008, TTCQ entered into a Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng to purchase four units of commercial property and two units of residential property, totaling 1,391.70 square meters located in Chongqing, China. The total purchase price was RMB 7,042, equivalent to approximately $1,031 based on the exchange rate as of June 30,
2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore System.  In October 2008, the Company made a cash down payment of 10% in the amount of RMB 704, or $103.  In November 2008, the Company paid an additional RMB 2,908 in cash, or $426, from internally generated funds of the Company.  The remaining balance was offset by the investment return the Company earned related to the No. B48 property.  The Company and JiaSheng agreed to offset the investment return from the No.
B48 property in the BeiPei district of Chongqing City against the purchase price of this commercial and residential property.  In addition, the Company charged JiaSheng RMB 130, or $19, as penalties for the delay in the payment of investment principal and investment income. The penalty was also used to also offset the purchase price of the commercial and residential property.  As of June 30, 2009, the Company paid cash in the amount of $529, and offset amounts of $290 as the return of investment
principal, $192 as investment income and $19 as the penalties charged for this new commercial and residential property, totaling $1,031.





On October 23, 2008, the Company entered into a lease agreement with JiaSheng for the six units purchased from JiaSheng pursuant to the Memorandum Agreement.  The lease provides for a two year term with an annual rental income of RMB 1,392, or approximately $204 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary
Authority of Singapore. The lease started on November 1, 2008 and generated a rental income of $137 in fiscal year 2009. The depreciation expenses of the investment property in Chongqing, China were $75 and the depreciation expenses of our office and office furniture in Chongqing, China were $15 in fiscal year 2009.


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In April 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. Singapore set up a new entity, SHI International Pte., Ltd. ("SHI"), in which Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. holds 55% of the ownership interest. On April 7, 2009, SHI entered into a Share Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which SHI agreed to acquire from Erni Susanto Susi, Dwi Kartikarini
and PT SAS International shares of PT SAS Heavy Industry ("SASHI") for an aggregate cash purchase price of $110. In August 2009, relevant Indonesian government authorities approved the transfer of shares in the Share Purchase agreement. The shares of SASHI acquired by SHI pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement represent approximately 95% of the outstanding shares of SASHI.





In the context of a challenging economic environment, in order to achieve our goal of attaining a lower breakeven point, we undertook several cost reduction measures. Since the first quarter of fiscal 2009 ending September 30, 2008, we reduced our headcount by approximately 48 employees.  Also, on February 27, 2008, our Chief
Executive Office, Chief Financial Officer and directors voluntarily decreased their base salary to 50% of the base salary agreed to in July 2007.  From the second quarter of 2009 ending December 31, 2008, we implemented four-day work weeks for all the employees in the Singapore operation, which reduced our employee compensation by approximately 20%. These cost cutting actions reduced our general and administrative expenses in the year ended June 30, 2009.


We plan to continue to expand our market share in the semiconductor industry. In 2009, the Malaysian subsidiary acquired the leased property in Malaysia in an effort to assure the prospects of long term support for our customers in Malaysia. Our Suzhou operation is in the process of transforming from a production based operation to an engineering
service based operation.





Fiscal 2009 Highlights





·
Total revenue decreased by $20,370, or 50.4%, from $40,417 for fiscal 2008 to $20,047 for fiscal 2009.


·
Manufacturing segment revenue decreased by $12,149, or 55.9%, to $9,582, compared to $21,732  for fiscal 2008 to $9,582.


·
Testing segment revenue decreased by $8,414, or 46.3%, to $9,758, compared to $18,172 for fiscal 2008.


·
Distribution segment revenue decreased by $117, or 28.5%, to $294, compared to $411 for fiscal 2008.


·
Real Estate segment revenue increased by $310, or 301.0% to $413, compared to $103 for fiscal 2008.


·
Loss from operations increased by $1,010 to $1,966 compared to $956 for fiscal 2008.


·
Gross profit margins increased by 1.6% to 23.8% for fiscal 2009, compared to 22.2% for fiscal 2008.


·
General and administrative expenses decreased by $2,385, or 30.4%, as compared to $7,844 for fiscal 2008.


·
Selling expenses decreased by $278, or 43.1%, to $367 as compared to $645 for fiscal 2008.


·
We recorded $623, or $0.19 per diluted share, in impairment loss due to primarily reducing sales volumes in China, Malaysia and Singapore operations.


·
Total assets decreased by $6,812, or 19.6%, to $27,947 for fiscal 2009 as compared to $34,759 for fiscal 2008.


·
Total liabilities decreased by $4,645, or 47.3%, to $5,165 for fiscal 2009 as compared to $9,810 for fiscal 2008.


·
Working capital decreased by $6,601 to $9,302 for fiscal 2009 as compared to $15,903 for fiscal 2008.


·
Shareholders’ equity decreased by $2,277, or 10.3%, to $19,864 for fiscal 2009 as compared to $22,141 for 2008.





The highlights above are intended to identify some of our more significant events and transactions during our fiscal year 2009, and recent events that occurred after the fiscal year end. However, these highlights are not intended to be a full discussion of our results for the year.  These highlights should be read in conjunction
with the following discussion of “Results of Operations” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” and with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes accompanying this Annual Report.


-26-
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Related Party Transactions





On October 23, 2008, TTCQ entered into a Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng to purchase four units of commercial property and two units of residential property, totaling 1,391.70 square meters located in Chongqing, China. The total purchase price was RMB 7,042, equivalent to approximately $1,031 based on the exchange rate as of June 30,
2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore System.  In October 2008, the Company made a cash down payment of 10% in the amount of RMB 704, or $103.  In November 2008, the Company paid an additional RMB 2,908 in cash, or $426, from internally generated funds of the Company.  The remaining balance was offset by the investment return the Company earned related to the No. B48 property.  The Company and JiaSheng agreed to offset the investment return from the No.
B48 property in the BeiPei district of Chongqing City against the purchase price of this commercial and residential property.  In addition, the Company charged JiaSheng RMB130, or $19, as penalties for the delay in the payment of investment principal and investment income. The penalty was also used to offset the purchase price of the commercial and residential property.  As of June 30, 2009, the Company paid cash in the amount of $290, and offset amounts of $290 as the return of investment
principal, $192 as investment income and $19 as the penalties charged for this new commercial and residential property, totaling $1,031.





On October 23, 2008 the Company entered into a lease agreement with JiaSheng for the six units purchased from JiaSheng pursuant to the Memorandum Agreement.  The lease provided for a two year term with an annual rental income of RMB 1,392, or approximately $204. The lease started on November 1, 2008.





Subsequent Events





In April 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. set up a new entity, SHI International Pte., Ltd. ("SHI"), in which Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. holds 55% of the ownership interest. On April 7, 2009, SHI entered into a Share Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which SHI has agreed to acquire from Erni Susanto Susi, Dwi Kartikarini and
PT SAS International’s shares of PT SAS Heavy Industry ("SASHI") for an aggregate cash purchase price of $10, and a goodwill of $100.  In August 2009 relevant Indonesian government authorities approved the change of shareholders and hence PT SAS Indonesia is considered acquired 95% by SHI International Pte., Ltd. SASHI engages in business in the oil and gas industries by providing integrated engineering, manufacturing and  fabrication services for customers in the oil and gas industries.
These include products such as heat transfer equipment, pressure vessels, skid packages, onshore and offshore modules and structures, floating cranes and barges, and steel structures for industrial plants.





In August 2009 TTM, a 55% owned subsidiary of Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. (which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Registrant), acquired the building for a value of RM 12,450, or approximately $3,534, for its testing operations. Prior to this purchase this property was under lease rental by the Company. On August 24, 2008,
TTM obtained a long-term loan of RM 9,625, or approximately $2,733, offered by a financial institution in Malaysia. This non-revolving long-term loan has a term of fifteen years from the first draw down.  The financial institution offered an interest rate at the financial institution’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum or a fixed rate of 7.12% per annum in the first five years and the financial institution’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum thereafter.  The Company decided to opt for
bank’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum, and the loan was disbursed on August 10, 2009. The funds were utilized to acquire a property in which the Malaysian operations are currently functioning in Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The completion of acquisition of the property took place in August 2009.





General Financial Information





During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2009, total assets decreased by $6,812 from $34,759 to $27,947. The decrease was primarily in cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivables, inventory, other receivables, plant and equipment, but was partially offset by an increase in investment in China and other assets.


-27-
 Table of Contents




Cash and cash equivalents and short-term deposits and restricted term deposits at June 30, 2009 totaled $11,468, a decrease of $2,878, or 20.1%, as compared to a total of$14,346 as of June 30, 2008.  The decrease
in cash and short-term deposits was mainly due to capital expenditure of $1,358 and repayment of bank loans and capital lease of $1,671 during fiscal year 2009.





Accounts receivables at June 30, 2009 were $3,981, representing adecrease of $1,721, or 30.2%, compared to $5,702 at June 30, 2008.  The decrease was attributable mainly to a decrease in sales due to the loss of a major customer in fiscal 2008, as discussed previously. Total sales from all
of the segments in fiscal 2009 were $20,047, a decrease of $20,370, or 50.4%, compared to total sales of $40,417 in fiscal 2008.  The turnover of accounts receivables was 88 days for fiscal 2009, an increase of 29 days, compared to 59 days for fiscal 2008.  We believe that the increase in such rate was due to the impact of the difficult global economic condition. If customers are not successful in generating sufficient revenue or are precluded from securing
financing, they may delay payment of accounts receivable that are owed to us. We have taken actions to improve the rate of turnover ofour accounts receivables, such as providing electronic payment method to our customers and sending periodic customer account statements.





Other receivables at June 30, 2009 were $279, a decrease of $517 from $796 as at June 30, 2008. Such decrease was mainly due to a decrease in goods and services tax (GST) claimable by Singapore operations in fiscal year 2009 as a result of reduced purchases because of a drop in revenue, as discussed elsewhere in this report.





Inventory at June 30, 2009 was $1,184, a decrease of $1,265, or 51.7%, compared to $2,449 at June 30, 2008.  The decrease in inventory was mainly from a decrease in work-in-progress inventories in Singapore operations as a result of a slowdown in the manufacturing segment.  The turnover of inventory was 43 days for fiscal
2009, reflecting an increase of 17 days compared with a turnover rate of 26 days for fiscal 2008. The slower rate was due to a decrease in sales as a result of fewer orders being placed by one of our major customers,because of the slower movement of that customer’s product line and equipment capacity.





Property, plant and equipment at June 30, 2009 were $6,607, a decrease of $1,529, or 18.8%, compared to $8,136 at June 30, 2008 due to the impairment of certain fixed assets in the China operations amounting to $525 and in the Malaysia operations amounting to $98 in fiscal 2009 and depreciation of the Company’s fixed assets in the
ordinary course of business. Capital expenditures were $1,358 in fiscal 2009, compared with $3,453 ($3,357 in cash, and $96 in capital lease) for fiscal 2008.  The decrease in capital expenditures was mainly due to a decrease in our investment activity during the difficult economic climate.





Depreciation and amortization was $2,135 for fiscal 2009, compared with $2,715 for fiscal 2008.  The decrease in depreciation expenses was mainly due to the impairment of certain fixed assets in the Singapore and China operations in fiscal year 2009 as a result of the termination of a testing service contract with one of our major
customers and a change in customer demand for certain burn-in testing services, thus reducing our depreciation related to those assets.





Other assets at June 30, 2009 increased by $513 to $1,326, compared to $813 at June 30, 2008.  The increase in other assets was primarily due to the down payment for fixed assets in the Malaysia operations for the purchase of the building, as discussed earlier. This purchase was completed in August 2009.




Total liabilities at June 30, 2009 were $5,165, a decrease of $4,645, or 47.4%, compared to $9,810 at June 30, 2008.  The decrease in liabilities was mainly due to the decrease in trade payables, accrued expenses and note payables.


-28-
 Table of Contents





Accounts payable decreased by $1,561 from $2,586 at June 30, 2008 to $1,025 at June 30, 2009.  The decrease in accounts payable was due to the decrease in material purchases during the year in the Singapore operations as a result of a decrease in backlogs.





Accrued expenses decreased by $1,267 from $3,036 at June 30, 2008 to $1,769 at June 30, 2009.  The decrease in accrued expenses was mainly due to a decrease in accrued payroll expenses and provision for bonuses, as the result of a decrease in headcount in the Singapore operations and a reduction of performance bonuses, which were
based on group performance. In addition, provision for sales tax, warranty cost and commission also decreased due to a decrease in revenue in fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008.





As of June 30, 2009, the outstanding loans payable were $1,503, with interest rates ranging from 2.70% to 7.15% per annum. These loans mature in August 2010. The loans are collateralized by restricted term deposits and by Corporate Guarantee.





Critical Accounting Estimates & Policies





The discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition presented in this section are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.  During the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, we are
required to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to sales, returns, pricing concessions, bad debts, inventories, investments, fixed assets, intangible assets, income taxes and other contingencies.   We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions
that we believe are reasonable under current conditions.  Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.





In response to the SEC’s Release No. 33-8040, Cautionary Advice Regarding Disclosure about Critical Accounting Policy, we have identified the most critical accounting policies upon which our financial status depends.  We determined that those critical accounting
policies are related to the inventory valuation, allowance for doubtful accounts, revenue recognition, and income tax. These accounting policies are discussed in the relevant sections in this management’s discussion and analysis, including the Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements discussed below.





Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts





During the normal course of business, the Company extends unsecured credit to its customers.  Typically, credit terms require payment to be made between 30 to 60 days from the date of the sale.  We do not require collateral from our customers.  The Company maintains its cash accounts at credit worthy financial
institutions.





The Company regularly evaluates and monitors the creditworthiness of each customer on a case-by-case basis.  The Company includes any account balances that are determined to be uncollectible, along with a general reserve, in the overall allowance for doubtful accounts.  After all attempts to collect a receivable have
failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.  Based on the information available to management, the Company believed that its allowance for doubtful accounts was adequate as of June 30, 2009.


-29-
 Table of Contents





Inventory Valuation





Inventories consisting principally of raw materials, works in progress, and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost, using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, or market value.  The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological change, short-term customer commitments and rapid changes in demand.  Provisions
for estimated excess and obsolete inventory are based on our regular reviews of inventory quantities on hand and the latest forecasts of product demand and production requirements from our customers.  Inventories are written down for not saleable, excess or obsolete raw materials, works-in-process and finished goods by charging such write-downs to cost of sales. In addition to write-downs based on newly introduced parts, statistics and judgments are used for assessing provisions of the remaining inventory
based on salability and obsolescence.





Revenue Recognition





Revenue derived from testing services is recognized when testing services are rendered. Revenues generated from sales of products in the manufacturing and distribution segments are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of the products has occurred, customer acceptance has been obtained (which means the significant
risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the customer), the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.  Certain products sold (in the manufacturing segment) require installation and training to be performed. Revenue generated by property is recognized as per the rental agreement and for the period the premises remains occupied.





Revenue from product sales is also recorded in accordance with the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Statement 00-21 Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables and Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 104 Revenue Recognition
in Financial Statements, which generally require revenue earned on product sales involving multiple-elements to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair values of those elements.  Accordingly, the Company allocates revenue to each element in a multiple-element arrangement based on the element’s respective fair value, with the fair value determined by the price charged when that element is sold and specifically defined in a quotation or contract.  The Company allocates
a portion of the invoice value to products sold and the remaining portion of invoice value to installation work in proportion to the fair value of products sold and installation work to be performed.   Training elements are valued based on hourly rates, which the Company charges for these services when sold apart from product sales.  The fair value determination of products sold and the installation and training work is also based on our specific historical experience of the relative
fair values of the elements if there is no easily observable market price to be considered. In fiscal 2009 and 2008, the installation revenues generated in connection with product sales were immaterial and included in the product sales revenue line on the consolidated statements of income. The Company estimates an allowance for sales returns based on historical experience with product returns.





Impairment





The Company applies the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”), to property, plant and equipment, and other intangible assets such as customer relationships.  SFAS
No. 144 requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets.  Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value.


-30-
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Income Tax





The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS No. 109”).  SFAS No. 109 requires an entity to recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets.  Deferred
taxes assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequence attributable to the difference between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.  Further, the effects of enacted tax laws or rate changes are included as part of deferred tax expenses or benefits in the period that covers the enactment date.  Management believed that it was more likely than not
that the future benefits from these timing differences would not be realized.  Accordingly, a full valuation allowance was provided as of June 30, 2009 and 2008.




The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex global tax regulations. The Company recognizes potential liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in the United States and other tax jurisdictions based on its estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due.
If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the Company determines the liabilities are no longer necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result.





Comparison of Operation Results





The following table presents certain data from the consolidated statements of income as a percentage of net sales for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008:





Years Ended June 30,2009


2008Net Sales


100.0
%


100.0
%Cost of Sales


76.2%
%


77.8
%Gross Margin


23.8
%


22.2
%Operating ExpensesGeneral and administrative


29.0
%


19.4
%Selling


1.8
%


1.6
%Research and development


0.2
%


0.1
%Impairment loss


3.1
%


1.1
%Gain on disposal of PP&E


(0.3
%)


(0.2
%)Total Operating Expenses


33.8
%


22.0
%Income from Operations


(10.0
%)


0.2
%




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Overall Revenue





The overall revenue is composed of the revenues from the manufacturing, testing, distribution and real estate segment. The following table presents the components of the overall revenue realized in fiscal 2009 and 2008 in percentage format, respectively.





Years Ended June 30,2009


2008Revenues:Manufacturing


47.8
%


53.8
%Testing


48.7
%


45.0
%Distribution


1.5
%


1.0
%Real Estate


2.0
%


0.2
%Total


100.0
%


100.0
%





Net sales in fiscal 2009 were $20,047, a decrease of $20,370, or 50.4%, compared to $40,417 in fiscal 2008. The decrease in net sales was because of a decrease in sales from the manufacturing, testing and distribution segments, which was partially offset by an increase in revenue from the real estate segment.





As a percentage of total revenue, the revenue generated by the manufacturing segment in fiscal 2009 accounted for 47.8% of total sales, representing a decrease of 6.0%, compared to 53.8% in fiscal 2008.  In terms of dollar amount, the revenue generated by the manufacturing segment in fiscal 2009 was $9,582 reflecting a decrease
of $12,149, or 55.9%, compared to $21,731 in fiscal 2008. We believe that the current worldwide economic crisis and its influence on the international market have had a negative effect on our business. The demand for our equipment decreased, which in turn reduced our revenue. In addition, orders from one of our major customers decreased in fiscal year 2009 due to slower movement of this customer’s product line and equipment capacity. We believe that the loss of our major customer will continue to have a
negative impact on our revenue in the future if we are unable to compensate for the loss of this source of revenue.





The backlog in the manufacturing segment was $1,194 at June 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $1,971 from $3,165 at June 30, 2008.  The decrease was due to the decrease in demand from one of our major customers in the Singapore operations.





As a percentage of total revenue, the revenue generated by the testing segment in fiscal 2009 accounted for 48.7% of total sales, an increase of 3.7%,compared to 45.0% in fiscal year 2008.  In terms of dollar amount, the revenue generated by the testing segment for fiscal year 2009 was $9,758, reflecting
a decrease of $8,414,or 46.3%, compared to $18,172 for fiscal 2008.  This decrease in revenue was due to a significant drop in orders from one of our major customers due to one of theirproduct lines reaching the end of its life cycle earlier than expected, rendering our testing services in the Singapore and China operations for that product no longer necessary.  Furthermore, we saw a slowdown in the electronics manufacturing
industries in China, which in turn reduced our customers’ demand for testing services in China and Southeast Asia. Demand for testing services varies from country to country depending on changes taking place in the market and our customers’ forecasts.  Because it is difficult to accurately forecast fluctuations in the market, it is necessary to maintain testing facilities in close proximity to our customers in order to make it convenient for them to send us their newly manufactured parts
for testing and to enable us to maintain a share of the market.





Backlog in the testing segment at June 30, 2009 was $346, a decrease of $6,619 compared to $6,965 at June 30, 2008, due to the decrease in demand from one of our major customers in all the testing operations.


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 Table of Contents




As a percentage of total revenue, the revenue generated by the distribution segment in fiscal year 2009 accounted for 1.5%, an increase of 0.5%, compared to 1.0% for fiscal year 2008.  In terms of dollar amount, revenue for fiscal year 2009 was $294, a decrease
of $117, or 28.5%, compared to $411 for fiscal year 2008.  The drop in revenue was mainly attributable to lower demand in the current market for back-end products such as vibration equipment and chambers and a saturation of equipment and electronic components in the current market.  It is the strategy of management to focus on the sales of our own manufactured products. We believe this will help us to reduce our exposure to multiple risks arising from being a mere distributor of manufactured
products from others.  Product volume for the distribution segment depends on sales activities such as placing orders, queries on products and backlog.  Equipment and electronic component sales are very competitive, as the products are readily available in the market.





The backlog in the distribution segment at June 30, 2009 was $75, reflecting a decrease of $241, compared to the backlog of $316 at June 30, 2008.  Based on our current market analysis, we believe there will be an increase in market demand for environmental and mechanical testing chambers in
Asia in fiscal year 2009.





As a percentage of total revenue, the revenue generated by the real estate segment in fiscal year 2009 accounted for 2.0%, an increase of 1.8%, compared to 0.2% for fiscal year 2008, due to full year revenue being generated
in fiscal compared to partial revenue only being generated in fiscal 2008. In terms of dollar amount, revenue for fiscal year 2009 was $413, an increase of $310, or 301.0%, compared to $103 for fiscal year 2008.





Overall Gross Margin





Overall gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased by 1.8%, from 22.0% in fiscal year 2008 to 23.8% in fiscal year 2009. The improvement in gross margin was due to an increase in the gross margin in the manufacturing segments and real estate segment, which was offset by a decrease in the gross margin in the testing and distribution
segment. In terms of dollar value, the overall gross margin for fiscal 2009 was $4,763, a decrease of $4,215, or 46.9%, compared to $8,978 for fiscal 2008.





The gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the manufacturing segment increased by 1.1%, from 14.8% in fiscal 2008 to 15.9% in fiscal 2009.  The increase in gross margin was due to a decrease in the cost of direct labor as the result of a decrease in employee headcount, and a decrease in rental expenses due to certain
rental facilities being returned after expiration of the lease period.  In terms of dollar amounts, gross profits for the manufacturing segment in fiscal 2009 were $1,523, a decrease of $1,694, or 52.7%, compared to $3,217 in fiscal 2008.





The gross profit margin as a percentage of revenue in the testing segment decreased by 1.5%, from 30.5% in fiscal 2008 to 29.0% in fiscal 2009.  In terms of dollar amounts, gross margin in the testing segment in fiscal 2009 was $2,825, a decrease of $2,724, or 49.1%, compared to $5,549 in fiscal
2008.  The decrease in the gross margin was primarily due to a drop in the average selling price of services in the Singapore testing operations.  Our customers changed their demands and specifications for burn-in hours, which resulted in a lower average unit selling price for burn-in services.  Another factor contributing to the decline in gross margin was the fact that significant portions of our operating costs are fixed in the testing segment.  Thus as product demands
decrease and factory utilization decreases, the fixed costs are spread over the decreased output, resulting in a drop in profit margin. Management believes that our gross margin in the testing segment will be lower in the future compared with previous years if we are unable to increase our testing revenue and increase the utilization of our facilities.


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The gross margin as a percentage of revenue in the distribution segment decreased by 0.3%, from 26.5% for fiscal 2008 to 26.2% for fiscal 2009.  In terms of dollar amount, gross margin in the distribution segment decreased by 29.4%, from $109 for fiscal 2008 to $77 for fiscal 2009, due to a decrease in revenue, as previously discussed.
The gross margin in the distribution segment fluctuated during past periods. The gross margin of the distribution segment is not only affected by the market price of our products, but also our product mix, which changes frequently as a result of changes in market demand.





The gross margin as a percentage of revenue in the real estate segment was 81.8% for fiscal 2009. The depreciation expenses of the real estate purchased for investment purpose was $75 for fiscal year 2009.





Operating Expenses





Operating expenses for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:





Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008General and administrative

$
5,459


$
7,844Selling

$
367


$
645Research and development

$
39


$
55Impairment loss

$
623


$
450Gain on disposal of PP&E

$
(60
)

$
(78
)$
6,428


$
8,916





General and administrative expenses decreased by $2,039, or 26.0%, from $7,844 in fiscal 2008 to $5,805 in fiscal year 2009.  The decrease was attributable to a decrease in payroll expenses and a decrease in officer and executive compensation in fiscal 2009.  Since March 31, 2008, we undertook several cost reduction
actions. We reduced our headcount by approximately 48 employees since September 30, 2008.  In the second quarter of 2009, we implemented four-day work weeks for all the employees in the Singapore operation, which reduced our employee compensation by approximately 20%. On February 27, 2008, in view of anticipated reductions in service revenue for fiscal 2008, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and directors voluntarily decreased their base salary to 50% of the base salary agreed to
in July 2007. As a result, our compensation for the officers and executives decreased by $413 in fiscal 2009.





Selling expenses decreased by $278, or 43.1%, to $367 in fiscal year 2009, from $645 in fiscal 2008, mainly due to a decrease in reduced travelling expenditure and employee headcount and a decrease in commission expenses as a result of fewer commissionable sales in the distribution segment.





Research and development expenses were $39 for fiscal 2009, a decrease of $16, or 29.1%, from $55 for fiscal 2008. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in full time employee headcount in the U.S. operation.


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Impairment loss increased by $173 from $450 in fiscal 2008 to $623 in fiscal 2009. In the second quarter of fiscal 2009, we recorded an impairment loss of $525, of which $299 was related to the fixed assets located in our Shanghai operation and the remaining $226 was for certain testing equipment located in our Suzhou operation in China.
We believe that due to the change in demand for certain burn-in testing services, the negative impact of the international economic financial crisis and the semiconductor industry recession, our existing burn-in testing facilities in the Shanghai operation became obsolete. There was little business activity in the Shanghai operations during the six months ended December 31, 2008, and there were also no secured orders or backlogs for subsequent periods. Therefore, as we expect no future cash flows from those assets
based on our best estimate, the carrying value of these assets was written down to zero and the impairment loss was recorded. Business in the Suzhou operation began to slow down in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, and suffered losses in fiscal 2009. The operation is currently only providing line support, maintenance and training service for one customer.  Based on our best estimate, there will be no future cash flows from certain identified testing equipment. Therefore, the carrying value of these
assets was written down to zero and an impairment loss was recorded.





In the third quarter of fiscal 2009, we recorded an impairment loss of $98 for certain testing equipment located in our Malaysia operation. Some testing equipment in our Malaysia operation was beyond repairable condition and hence was fully impaired as no future cash flows will be generated.





The impairment loss of $450 in fiscal year 2008 consisted of $316 from certain advanced burn-in testing equipment in the Singapore operation utilized in connection with the contract that was terminated and also due to a decrease in our testing backlog and projected future sales in our Singapore operation.  An impairment of $72
related to the burn-in board testing system in our Shanghai operation in China due to change in demand for certain burn-in services, which in turn made certain of our existing burn-in facilities obsolete.  An impairment of $57 was related to the building renovations for certain testing projects due to a decrease in the same major customer’s order in our Shanghai operation in China, while $5 was related to the asset held for sale in Malaysia, which was sold in the fourth quarter of 2008.





Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment was $60 in fiscal 2009, a decrease of $18 as compared to a gain of $78 in fiscal 2008.





Loss from Operations





Loss from operations in terms of dollar amount, increased by $1,727 from an income from operations of $62 in fiscal 2008 to a loss of $1,655 in fiscal 2009 due to the decrease in revenue, as previously discussed.





Interest Expenses




The interest expenses for fiscal years 2009 and 2008 were as follows:





Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Interest expenses

$
165


$
296





Interest expenses decreased by $131, or 44.3%, to $165 for fiscal year 2009 from $296 in fiscal 2008 due to repayment of the term loan by the Singapore operations.


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Other Expenses





Other expenses for fiscal years 2009 and 2008 were as follows:





Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Other expenses

$
303


$
(156
)





Other expenses decreased by $459, from an expense of $156 in fiscal 2008 to other income of $303 in fiscal 2009 primarily due to an increase in the currency transaction gain, which was attributable to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against foreign currency with regard to the transactions denominated in U.S. dollars.





Loss from Operations before Minority Interest and Income Tax





Loss from operations before minority interest increased by $1,483, from $390 in fiscal 2008 to $1,873 in fiscal 2009.  The increase in loss from operations before minority interest and income tax was mainly due to a decrease in revenue, as previously discussed.





Income Tax





Income tax benefits for fiscal year 2009 were $51, an increase of $267 compared to an income tax provision of $216 for fiscal 2008. The increase in income tax benefits was mainly due to a higher income tax benefit for the increased loss generated by our Singapore operations in fiscal 2009.





We assessed our income tax liability of $201 as of June 30, 2009 in accordance with FIN48, which was related to the allocation of corporate management expenses to our Singapore operation in terms of Singapore tax law.  We did not see any potential benefits arising from this tax position.  Accordingly, no impact of this
tax position was recognized in the statement of operations for fiscal 2009.  We did not include any potential income tax position in federal and state income tax returns currently filed.





Minority Interest





As of June 30, 2009, we held a 55% interest in Trio-Tech Malaysia.  The minority interest for fiscal 2009, in the net income of subsidiary, was $144, a decrease of $206 compared to the minority interest of $350 for fiscal 2008.  The decrease in the minority interest was attributable to the reduced net income generated
from the Malaysia testing operation due to a slow down in market demand from our customers there. We also held a 55% interest in the newly formed company SHI a subsidiary of Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd., which is a subsidiary of the Company. There were no significant transactions in fiscal 2009.





Net Loss





Net loss for fiscal 2009 was $1,966, an increase of $1,010, compared to $956 in fiscal 2008. The increase in net loss was mainly due to a decrease in revenue, which was offset by a decrease in operating expenses, interest expense, and an increase in other income and income tax benefits, as previously discussed.





Loss per Share





Basic and diluted loss per share for fiscal 2009 increased by $0.31 to $0.61 from basic and diluted loss of $0.30 per share in the prior year.


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Segment Information





The revenue, gross margin and income from each segment for fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2008, respectively, are presented below.  As the segment revenue and gross margin for each segmenthave been discussed in the previous section, only the comparison of income (loss) from operations is discussed
below.





Manufacturing Segment





Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Revenue

$
9,582


$
21,731Gross margin


15.9
%


14.8
%Loss from operations

$
(1,624
)

$
(46
)





Loss from operations in the manufacturing segment increased by $1,578, to $1,624 in fiscal 2009 from $46 in fiscal 2008.  The increase in loss from operations was attributable to a decrease of $1,694 in gross profit, which was offset by a decrease of $116 in operating expenses. Operating expenses for the manufacturing segment
were $3,147 and $3,263 for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively.  The decrease in operating expenses was mainly from the decrease in payroll related expenses as a result of a decrease in employee headcount and our cost cutting actions, as previously discussed.





Testing Segment





Years End June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Revenue

$
9,758


$
18,172Gross margin


29.0
%


30.5
%(Loss) Income from operations

$
(858
)

$
427





Loss from operations in the testing segment in fiscal 2009 was $512, an increase of $939, compared to an income from operations of $427 in fiscal 2008.  The increase in operating loss was attributable to a decrease in gross profits of $2,724, which was offset by a decrease in operating expenses
of $1,785. Operating expenses were $3,337 and $5,122 for fiscal years 2009 and 2008, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses was mainly due to a decrease in payroll related expenses as a result of a decrease in employee headcount and our cost cutting actions, as previously discussed. This decrease was offset by an increase in impairment loss of $254.





Distribution Segment





Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Revenue

$
294


$
411Gross margin


26.2
%


26.5
%Income (Loss) from operations

$
57


$
(249
)




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Income from operations in the distribution segment increased by $306 to $57 in fiscal 2009, compared to a loss of $249 in fiscal 2008.  The increase in operating income was mainly due to a decrease in operating expenses of $338 resulting from a decrease in commission expenses, which was a corresponding effect from the decrease
in commissionable sales. This decrease was partially offset by a decrease in gross margin of $32.





Real Estate


Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Revenue

$
413


$
103Gross margin


81.8
%


100.0
%Income from operations

$
338


$
103





Income from operations in the real estate segment increased by $235 to $338 in fiscal 2009, compared to an income of $103 in fiscal 2008. The increase in operating income was due to an increase in investment income of $108 from the development of a piece of property owned by JiaSheng located in Chongqing
City, China, and an increase of $127 from rental income. The depreciation expenses of the property purchased for investment purposes in Chongqing, China was $75 for fiscal year 2009.





Corporate





The following table presents the income (loss) from operations for Corporate for fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively:




Years Ended June 30,(In Thousands)

2009


2008Income (Loss) from operations

$
76


$
(173
)




Corporate operating income increased by $249 from a loss of $173 in fiscal 2008 to an income of $76 in fiscal 2009.  The increase was mainly due to a decrease in officers and executive compensation. On February 27, 2008, in view of anticipated reductions in service revenue for fiscal 2008, our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial
Officer and directors voluntarily decreased their base salary to 50% of the base salary agreed to in July 2007. As a result, our compensation for officers and executives decreased by $413 during fiscal year 2009.





Liquidity Comparison


Comparison of Fiscal 2009 and 2008


Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2009 was $1,015, a decrease of $890 from net cash flow of $1,905 in fiscal 2008. The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2009 was primarily due to an increase in net loss of $1,010 in fiscal year 2009 as compared to net loss of $956 in fiscal year 2008.


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Net cash provided by investing activities increased by $6,071 to $800 for fiscal 2009 from net cash used in investing activities of $5,271 for fiscal 2008.  The increase in net cash provided by investing activities was primarily due to a decrease in capital expenditures of $1,999 and less additional investment in China
of $1,738.  We invested an aggregate of $2,996 in Chongqing, China in fiscal 2008 to jointly develop with JiaSheng Property Development Co., Ltd. a 24.91 acre parcel and to purchase an office space of 827.2 square meters in Chongqing.  In the fourth quarter of 2008, we received a return of RMB 5,000 (approximately $732) in initial investment and an additional RMB 750 in profit. In the second quarter of fiscal 2009, we purchased four units of commercial property and two units of residential
property, totaling 1,391.70 square meters in Chongqing, China. We paid $529 in cash and offset the remaining purchase price for this commercial and residential property with $291 as the return of investment principal, $192 as investment income and $19 as the penalties charged for this new commercial and residential property totaling $1,031.





Net cash used in financing activities in fiscal 2009 was $1,668, representing an increase of $3,486 compared to the net cash provided by financing activities of $1,818 in fiscal 2008.   The increase was mainly due to a decrease from the long-term bank loans of $3,822 entered into in fiscal 2008.





We believe we have the necessary financial resources to meet our projected cash requirement for at least the next twelve months.





Capital Resources





Our working capital (defined as current assets minus current liabilities) has historically been generated primarily from the following sources: operating cash flow, availability under our revolving line of credit and short-term loans.  The working capital was $9,302 as of June 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $6,601, or 41.5%,
compared to working capital of $15,903 as of June 30, 2008 mainly due to a decrease in cash, accounts receivables and inventory which was offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses, as discussed above and increase in restricted cash.





The majority of our capital expenditures are based on demands from our customers, as we are operating in a capital intensive industry.  In the past two years, our capital expenditures ranged from $2.7 million to $3.5 million.  We financed our capital expenditures and other operating expenses through operating cash flows,
our revolving line of credit and long-term debts. We did not obtain any bank loans and capital leases in fiscal year 2009.





Our credit rating provides us with ready and adequate access to funds in global markets.  At June 30, 2009, we had available unused short-term lines of credit totaling $12,970.




Entity with
Type of
Interest
Expiration

Credit


UnusedFacility
Facility
Rate
Date

Limitation


CreditTrio-Tech Malaysia
Line of Credit
Prime rate (1.55% as of June 30, 2009) plus 2.5% per annum
June 2010

$
88


$
88Trio-Tech Bangkok
Line of Credit
Prime rate (6.15% as of June 30, 2009) plus 1% per annum
October 2009


139



139Trio-Tech Singapore
Line of Credit
Prime rate (5.28% as of June 30, 2009) plus 0.25% per annum
May 2010


12,743



12,743Total




$
12,970


$
12,970




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We believe that projected cash flows from operations, borrowing availability under our revolving lines of credit, cash on hand, and trade credit will provide the necessary capital to meet our projected cash requirements for at least the next 12 months. Should we find attractive capital investment, we may seek additional debt or equity financing
in order to fund the transaction, in the form of bank financing, convertible debt, or the issuance of Common Stock.




Contractual Obligations





The following contractual obligations servicing table describes our overall future cash obligation based on various current contracts in the next five years:





Payments Due by Period (at June 30, 2009) (In Thousands)Less than


1 - 3


AfterTotal


1 Year


Years


3 YearsNotes Payable


1,503



1,266



237



-Interest on Notes Payable

$
54


$
53


$
1


$
-Capital Leases


130



78



52



-Operating Leases (Net)


836



454



382



-Total

$
2,523


$
1,851


$
672


$
-





Corporate Guarantee Arrangement





The Company provides a corporate guarantee of approximately $1,725 to one of its subsidiaries in Southeast Asia to secure line-of-credit and term loans from a bank to finance the operations of such subsidiary.  With the strong financial position of the subsidiary company, the Company believes this corporate guarantee arrangement
will have no material impact on its liquidity or capital resources.





Off Balance Sheet Arrangements





We do not consider the Company to have any material off balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on the Company’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.





Restricted Term Deposits





Restricted deposits represent the amounts of cash pledged to secure loans payable granted by financial institutions serves as collateral for public utility agreements such as electricity and water and performance bonds related to customs duty payable. With the strong financial position of the company, the Company believes these restricted
term deposits will have no material impact on its liquidity or capital resources.


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 Table of Contents





ITEM 7A – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK





Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk





Significant portions of our revenue are denominated in Singapore dollars, Malaysian ringgit, Thai baht, Chinese yuan and other currencies.  Consequently, a portion of our costs, revenue and operating margins may be affected by fluctuations in exchange rates, primarily between the U.S. dollar and such
foreign currencies.  Our financial position and results of operations are also affected by fluctuations in exchange rates between reporting currency (which is in U.S. dollars) and functional currencies used in our operations.  Foreign currency translation adjustments resulted in a decrease of $832 in fiscal 2009 and an increase of $1,528 in fiscal 2008 to shareholders’ equity.





We try to reduce our risk of foreign currency fluctuations by purchasing certain equipment and supplies in U.S. dollars and seeking payment, when possible, in U.S. dollars.  However, we may not be successful in our attempts to mitigate our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.  Those fluctuations
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial results.





Interest Rate Risk





We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. Our investment portfolio is generally comprised of cash deposits.  Our policy is to place these investments in instruments that meet high credit quality standards. These securities are subject to interest rate risk and could decline in value if interest
rates fluctuate, and thus subject us to market risk due to those fluctuations.  Due to the short duration and conservative nature of our investment portfolio, we do not expect any material loss with respect to our investment portfolio, though no assurances can be given that material losses will not occur.





The interest rates on our loans range from 2.70% to 7.15% per annum. These interest rates are subject to change and we cannot predict an increase or decrease in rates, if any. As of June 30, 2009, the outstanding aggregate principal balance on these loans was approximately $1,503.





Fiscal year ending June 30,

2010


2011


Total


Fair ValueLoans:Denominated in Singapore dollars; interest is at the bank's prime rate (5.53% at June 30, 2009 and 2.517% at June 30, 2008)  plus 3.5% per annum

$
1,266


$
237


$
1,503


$
1,503





ITEM 8 - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARYDATA





The information called for by this item is included in the Company's consolidated financial statements beginning on page 57 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.


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ITEM 9– CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE




We engaged Mazars LLP in Singapore as our principal independent registered public accounting firm effective April 20, 2009. We dismissed BDO Raffles (“BDO”), effective March 11, 2009. The decision to change our principal independent registered public accounting firm was approved by our Board of Directors.




The reports of BDO on the Company's consolidated financial statements for fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, nor were they modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles. During the Company's fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, and during the subsequent period through
to the date of BDO’s dismissal, there were no disagreements between the Company and BDO, whether or not resolved, on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which, if not resolved to the satisfaction of BDO, would have caused BDO to make reference thereto in their reports on the Company's audited consolidated financial statements.




During the Company’s fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 and the subsequent interim period ended December 31, 2008, which preceded the termination of BDO, other than as is set forth herein, BDO did not advise the Company of any of the following:




(a) that the internal controls necessary for the Company to develop reliable financial statements did not exist;




(b) that information had come to BDO’s attention that had led it to no longer be able to rely on management’s representations, or that had made it unwilling to be associated with the financial statements prepared by management;




(c) that BDO needed to expand significantly the scope of its audit, or that information had come to BDO’s attention that if further investigated may: (i) materially impact the fairness or reliability of either a previously issued audit report or the underlying financial statements, or the financial statements issued or to be issued
covering the fiscal period(s) subsequent to the date of the most recent financial statements covered by an audit report (including information that would have prevented it from rendering an unqualified audit report on those financial statements), or (ii) cause it to be unwilling to rely on management’s representations or be associated with the Company’s financial statements; or




(d) that information had come to BDO’ attention that it had concluded materially impacted the fairness or reliability of either: (i) a previously issued audit report or the underlying financial statements, or (ii) the financial statements issued or to be issued covering the fiscal period subsequent to the date of the most recent
financial statements covered by an audit report (including information that, unless resolved to BDO’s satisfaction, would prevent it from rendering an unqualified audit report on those financial statements).




On April 20, 2009, the Company engaged Mazars LLP to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm responsible for auditing the Company’s financial statements for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2009. The engagement was approved by the Company’s Board of Directors.




Except as set forth in the immediately preceding paragraph, neither the Company nor anyone on behalf of the Company consulted Mazars LLP during the two most recent fiscal years and any subsequent interim period prior to engaging Mazars LLP regarding either: (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either
completed or proposed; or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company’s financial statements, and neither a written report was provided to the Company nor oral advice was provided that the Company concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to the accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue; or (ii) any matter that was either the subject of a disagreement (as defined in paragraph (a)(1)(iv) and the related instructions of Item 304 of Regulation
S-K) or a reportable event (as described in paragraph (a)(1)(v) of Item 304 of Regulation S-K).




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ITEM 9A (T) – CONTROLSAND PROCEDURES





An evaluation was carried out by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (the principal executive and principal financial officers, respectively, of the Company) of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) promulgated under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of June 30, 2009, the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K.  Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2009.





Additionally, management has the responsibility for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company and thus also assessed the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of June 30, 2009.  Management used the framework set forth in the report entitled “Internal
Control – Integrated Framework” published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.





Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purpose in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:





1.
Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;


2.
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorization of management and directors of the Company; and


3.
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.





Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of June 30, 2009.





Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations.  Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human
failures.  Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override.  Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting.  However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process.  Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not
eliminate, the risk. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.





This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered independent public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.  Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary
rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.





ITEM 9B – OTHER INFORMATION





Not applicable.


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PART III





The information required by Items 10 through 14 of Part III of this Form 10-K (information regarding our directors and executive officers, executive compensation, security ownership of certain beneficial owners, management, related stockholder matters, and certain relationships and related transactions and principal accountant fees and
services, respectively) is hereby incorporated by reference from the Company's Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of fiscal 2009.





PART IV





ITEM 15 – EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTSCHEDULES





(a) (1 and 2)  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES:





The following financial statements, including notes thereto and the independent auditors' report with respect thereto, are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, starting on page 55 hereof:




1.           Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting


2            Report of Independent Public Registered Accounting Firm


3            Consolidated Balance Sheets


4.           Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income


5.           Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity


6.           Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


7.           Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements





(b)                    EXHIBITS:





Number                                                        Description





3.1
Articles of Incorporation, as currently in effect. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 1988.]





3.2
Bylaws, as currently in effect.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 1988.]





10.1
Credit Facility Letter dated January 4, 2001, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.2
1998 Stock Option Plan.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to the Company’s proxy statement filed under regulation 14A on October 27, 1997.] **





10.3
Directors Stock Option Plan.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2 to the Company’s proxy statement filed under regulation 14A on October 27, 1997.] **


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10.4
Real Estate Lease dated February 1, 1999 between Martinvale Development Company and Universal Systems. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 1999.]





10.5
Real Estate Lease dated February 16, 2001 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North  #07-01/07 and #03-01/03.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.6
Real Estate Lease dated May 13, 1999 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North  #03-16/17.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.7
Real Estate Lease dated October 13, 1999 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North  #01-08/15. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.8
Real Estate Lease dated December 7, 2000 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North  #01-16/17. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.9
Real Estate Lease dated January 3, 2000 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #03-01/06. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.10
Real Estate Lease dated October 13, 1999 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #03-09/15 and #03-16/18. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.11
Real Estate Lease dated May 2, 2000 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #01-08.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.12
Real Estate Lease dated September 12, 2000 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #07-17/18.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.13
Real Estate Lease dated October 30, 2000 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #07-01. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2001.]





10.14
Real Estate Lease dated February 26, 2002 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #02-11/15. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]





10.15
Real Estate Lease dated June 10, 2002 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #02-08/10.  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]


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10.16
Credit Facility Letter dated November 16, 2001 and June 24, 2002, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]





10.17
Credit Facility Letter dated July 24, 2002, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and OCBC Bank. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]





10.18
Credit Facility Letter dated May 21, 2002, between Trio-Tech (M) Sdn Bhd and HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]





10.19
Credit Facility Letter dated January 22, 2002, between Trio-Tech (KL) Sdn Bhd and Public Bank Berhad. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]





10.20
Real Estate Lease dated November 8, 2001 between Elbar Investments, L.P. and Trio-Tech International for 14731 Califa Street, Van Nuys. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 23.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]





10.21
Amendment to the Directors Stock Option Plan [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2002.]   **





10.22
Credit Facility Letter dated January 28, 2003, between Trio-Tech (M) Sdn Bhd and HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2003.]





10.23
Credit Facility Letter dated September 20, 2002, between KTS Incorporated and Bank of America. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2003.]





10.24
Real Estate Lease dated January 12, 2001 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Toa Payoh North #01-S3/S4. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2003.]





10.25
Sales and Purchase Agreement, dated March 29, 2004 between TS Matrix BHD. and Trio Tech (Malaysia) SDN BHD. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on July 15, 2004.]





10.26
Real Estate Sublease, dated July 1, 2004 between TS Matrix BHD. and Trio Tech (Malaysia) SDN. BHD. for factory lot no. 11A Kawansan MIEL Sungai Way Baru (FTZ), Phase III Selangor Darul Ehsan. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Amended Form 8-K filed on August 20, 2004.]





10.27
Real Estate Lease dated April 28, 2004 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North  #04-14/16 and #04-17. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.28
Real Estate Lease dated April 28, 2004 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North  #03-08/10. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]


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10.29
Real Estate Lease dated April 19, 2004 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #02-17. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.30
Real Estate Lease dated May 26, 2004 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North  #02-15/16. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.31
Credit Facility Letter dated July 7, 2003, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and Hong Leong Finance Limited. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.32
Credit Facility Letter dated October 2, 2003, between Trio-Tech Bangkok and Kasikornbank Public Company Limited. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.33
Credit Facility Letter dated October 7, 2003, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and DBS Bank Ltd. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.34
Credit Facility Letter dated August 11, 2003 between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2004.]





10.35
Letter of Offer, dated June 3, 2005 between Globetronics Technology BHD. and Trio Tech International PTE. LTD..  [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on June 8, 2005.]





10.36
Real Estate Lease, dated December 1, 2003 between Trio Tech (Malaysia) SDN. BHD. and Amphenol Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. for factory plot no. 1A Phase 1, Bayan Lepas Free Trade Zone, 11900 Pulau Pinang.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2005.]





10.37
Real Estate Lease dated December 6, 2004 between Malaysian Industrial Estates Berhad and Trio Tech (Malaysia) SDN. BHD. for factory lot no. 4 Kawansan MIEL Sungai Way Baru (FTZ), Phase III Selangor Darul Ehsan.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2005.]





10.38
Real Estate Lease dated September 28, 2004 between Ascendas-Xinsu Development (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Trio Tech (SIP) Co., Ltd. for Block B #05-01/02 room 6 in Suzhou Industrial Park, China 215021.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2005.]





10.39
Real Estate Lease, dated November 8, 2004 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #03-07/08.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2005.]





10.40
Real Estate Lease, dated September 10, 2003 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #01-09/11. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2005.]





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10.41
Credit Facility Letter dated May 10, 2005, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and DBS


Bank Ltd. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 41 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.42
Real Estate Lease, dated July 5, 2005 between JTC Corporation and Universal (Far East) Pte. Ltd. for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #01-15/16. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 42 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.43
Credit Facility Letter dated September 15, 2005 between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank.[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 43 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.44
Real Estate Lease, dated November 11, 2005 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #03-06/07.[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 44 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.45
Real Estate Lease, dated March 10, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #04-05/07.[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 45 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.46
Credit Facility Letter dated April 6, 2006, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and Standard Chartered Bank. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 46 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]


10.47
Credit Facility Letter dated April 6, 2006, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and Standard Chartered Bank.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 47 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.48
Credit Facility Letter dated July 26, 2006, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and DBS Bank Ltd.[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 48 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2006.]





10.49
Credit Facility Letter dated April 19, 2007, between Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd, and Standard Chartered Bank.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 49 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.50
Real Estate Lease, dated February 20, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #01-08/09/10/11/12/13/14/15 (Ancillary).


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 50 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.51
Real Estate Lease, dated July 31, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #03-06/07 (Ancillary).


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 51 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.52
Real Estate Lease, dated September 26, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #03-01/02/03.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 52 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.53
Real Estate Lease, dated September 26, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #03-16.




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10.54
Real Estate Lease, dated October 11, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #04-08/09/10.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 54 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.55
Real Estate Lease, dated October 26, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #07-01/02/03/04/08/06/07 and its ancillary sites.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 55 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.56
Real Estate Lease, dated May 2, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1004 Toa Payoh North #04-17, #04-14/15/16 and #03-08/09/10.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 56 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.57
Real Estate Lease, dated December 20, 2005 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #03-07/08 (Ancillary).


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 57 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.58
Real Estate Lease, dated May 9, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #03-09/10/11/12/14/15/16/17.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 58 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.59
Real Estate Lease, dated July 20, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block      1008  Toa Payoh North #01-08.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 59 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.60
Real Estate Lease, dated September 22, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #02-03/04/05/06.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 60 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.61
Real Estate Lease, dated September 22, 2006 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #02-18.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 61 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.62
Real Estate Lease, dated January 18, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #07-01.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 62 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.63
Real Estate Lease, dated January 29, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #07-17/18 and its ancillary site.


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 63 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.64
Real Estate Lease, dated February 21, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Universal (Far East) Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #01-09/10/11.


[Incorporated by reference toExhibit10. 64 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]


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10.65
Real Estate Lease, dated August 2, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Universal (Far East) Pte Ltd for Block 1008 Toa Payoh North #02-17.


[Incorporated by reference toExhibit10. 65 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.66
Real Estate Lease, dated August 2, 2006 between Ascendas-Xinsu Development (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Trio Tech (SIP) Co., Ltd. for Block A #04-13/16 No. 5 Xing Han Street in Suzhou Industrial Park, China 215021.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 66 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]


10.67
Real Estate Lease, dated August 16, 2006 between Ascendas-Xinsu Development (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Trio Tech (SIP) Co., Ltd. for Block A #04-11/12 No. 5 Xing Han Street in Suzhou Industrial Park, China 215021.


[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 67 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K forJune30, 2007.]





10.68
Credit Facility Letter dated April 4, 2007, between Trio Tech (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd and CIMB Bank (formerly known as Bumiputra-Commerce Bank Berhad)


[Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10. 68 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]





10.69
Credit Facility Letter dated May 21, 2007, between Trio Tech (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd and HSBC Bank Malaysia Berhad.


[Incorporatedby reference to Exhibit 10. 69 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2007.]




10.70
Land Development Agreement dated August 27, 2007 between Trio Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd. and JiaSheng Real Property Development Ltd. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8K dated August 30, 2007.]




10.71
Real Estate Lease, dated August 2, 2006 between Charmant Belt Inc. and Trio-Tech International (U.S. office) for     16139 Wyandotte street, Van Nuys, CA 91406. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for December 31, 2007.]





10.72
Sales and purchase agreement, dated January 4, 2008, between Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd AND MaoYe Property Ltd. for office units at Jiang Bei No. 21 Road, Chongqing, China. [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10. 1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for December
31, 2007.]





10.73
Real Estate Lease dated October 27, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Unit#04-11/12 BLK1004 Toa Payoh North.  [Incorporated byreferenceto Exhibit 10.73 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for June 30, 2008.]





10.74
Real Estate Lease dated September 20, 2007 between JTC Corporation and Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd. for Unit#04-11/12 BLK1004 Toa Payoh North Industry Estate Singapore 318995 [Incorporatedby reference to Exhibit 10.74 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2008.]





10.75
Real Estate Lease dated August 15, 2007 between Lijing Corporation and Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd for Unit#26-04/05 in Chongqing China [Incorporated by reference toExhibit10.75 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June
30, 2008.]





10.76
Real Estate Lease dated August 31, 2007 between Shanghai (Waigaoqiao) FTZ New Development Company Ltd. and Trio-Tech (ShangHai) Co. Ltd for No. 273 Debao Road Factory No. 58 in Shanghai China [Incorporatedby reference to Exhibit 10.76 to the Registrant’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2008.]


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10.77
Real Estate Lease dated May 9, 2008, between Chongqing JiangBei Weige Bridal and Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co. Ltd for JiangBei MaoYe DongFang Square No.  31st floor 15 units of floor space in Shanghai China [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.77 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K
for June 30, 2008.]





10.78
Credit Facility Letter dated August 24, 2008, between Trio-Tech (M) Sdn Bhd and CIMB Bank Malaysia Berhad [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.78 totheRegistrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for June 30, 2008.]





21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant (100% owned by the Registrant except as otherwise stated)

Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd., a Singapore Corporation
Universal (Far East) Pte. Ltd., a Singapore Corporation
Trio-Tech Reliability Services, a California Corporation
Express Test Corporation, a California Corporation
European Electronic Test Center. Ltd. a Cayman Islands Corporation
Trio-Tech Malaysia, a Malaysia Corporation (55% owned by the subsidiary of Registrant)
Trio-Tech Kuala Lumpur, a Malaysia Corporation (100% owned by Trio-Tech Malaysia)
Trio-Tech Bangkok, a Thailand Corporation
Trio-Tech Thailand, a Thailand Corporation
Prestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd., a Malaysia Corporation (76% owned by the Registrant)
KTS Incorporated, dba Universal Systems, a California Corporation
Trio-Tech (Suzhou) Co. Ltd., a China Corporation
Trio-Tech (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., a China Corporation
Trio-Tech (ChongQing) Co. Ltd (100% owned by Trio-Tech International Pte. Ltd., a Singapore Corporation)
SHI International Pte Ltd (55%owned by the subsidiary of the Registrant)


23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*





31.1              Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer of Registrant*





31.2              Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer of Registrant*





32              Section 1350 Certification. *





* Filed electronically herewith.





** Indicates management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements required to be filed as an exhibit to this report.


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Pursuantto the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.





TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL





By:      /s/Victor H. M. Ting


VICTOR H.M. TING


Vice President and


Chief Financial Officer


Date: October 2, 2009




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Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacity and on the dates indicated.







/s/  A. Charles Wilson
A. Charles Wilson, Director
Chairman of the Board
/s/   Victor H. M. Ting
Victor H.M. Ting
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

/s/  Jason T. Adelman
Jason T. Adelman, Director

/s/  Richard M. Horowitz

October 2, 2009



October 2, 2009




October 2, 2009


October 2, 2009


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CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM





Trio-Tech International


Van Nuys, California





We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 No. 333-38082, Form S-8 No. 333-40102 and Form S-8 No 333-147817 of Trio-Tech International of our report dated September 26, 2008,  relating to the consolidated financial statements which appear in this Form 10-K.




/s/ BDO Raffles




Singapore


October 2, 2009


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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTEREDPUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM





The Board of Directors and Shareholders


Trio-Tech International


Van Nuys, California





We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Trio-Tech International and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders' equity and cash flows for the year ended June 30, 2009. These financial statements are
the responsibility of the Company's management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.





We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required to
have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit also includes examining, on a test
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audit provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.





In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Trio-Tech International and Subsidiaries at June 30, 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended June 30, 2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.







Mazars LLP


CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS





/s/  Mazars LLP





Singapore


October 2, 2009


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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM




The Board of Directors and Shareholders


Trio-Tech International


Van Nuys, California




We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Trio-Tech International and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. These financial statements
are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.




We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Company is not required
to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial report as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.




In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Trio-Tech International and Subsidiaries as of June 30, 2008, the results of their operations and their cash flows for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008 in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.




/s/ BDO Raffles




Singapore


September 26, 2008





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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPTNUMBER OF SHARES)
 June 30,


June 30,2009


2008ASSETSCURRENT ASSETS:Cash  &  cash equivalents

$
6,037


$
6,600Short-term deposits


1,994



7,746Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $165 and $51


3,981



5,702Other receivables


279



796Inventories, less provision for obsolete inventory of $718 and $880


1,184



2,449Prepaid expenses and other current assets


167



13813,642



23,431INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN CHINA, Net


2,935



2,267PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, Net


6,607



8,136OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, Net


-



112OTHER ASSETS


1,326



813RESTRICTED TERM DEPOSITS


3,437



-TOTAL ASSETS

$
27,947


$
34,759LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITYCURRENT LIABILITIES:Accounts payable

$
1,025


$
2,586Accrued expenses


1,769



3,036Income taxes payable


202



397Current portion of bank loans payable


1,266



1,403Current portion of capital leases


78



1064,340



7,528BANK LOANS PAYABLE, net of current portion


237



1,620CAPITAL LEASES, net of current portion


52



143DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES


526



510OTHER  NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES


10



9TOTAL LIABILITIES

$
5,165


$
9,810MINORITY INTEREST


2,918



2,808COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 13)SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:Common Stock; no par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized; 3,227,430 and 3,226,430 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively


10,365



10,362Additional paid-in capital


1,446



928Accumulated retained earnings


6,859



8,825Accumulated other comprehensive loss-translation adjustments


1,194



2,02619,864



22,141TOTAL LIABILITIES ANDSHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$
27,947


$
34,759


See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVEINCOME


(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT EARNINGS PER SHARE)


Years Ended June 30,2009


2008RevenueProducts

$
9,876


$
22,142Services


9,758



18,172Others


413



10320,047



40,417Cost of SalesCost of products sold


8,291



18,816Cost of services rendered


6,918



12,623Others


75



-15,284



31,439Gross Margin


4,763



8,978Operating ExpensesGeneral and administrative


5,805



7,844Selling


367



645Research and development


39



55Impairment loss


623



450Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment


(60
)


(78
)Total Operating Expenses


6,774



8,916(Loss) Income from Operations


(2,011
)


62Other (Expenses) IncomeInterest expense


(165
)


(296
)Other (expenses) income


303



(156
)Total Other (Expense) Income


138



(452
)Loss from Operations BeforeIncome Tax


(1,873
)


(390
)Income Tax Benefit / (Expense)


51



(216
)Loss from Operations beforeMinority Interest


(1,822
)


(606
)Minority interest


(144
)


(350
)Net Loss Attributed to Common Shares

$
(1,966
)

$
(956
)Loss per share :Basic

$
(0.61
)

$
(0.30
)Diluted

$
(0.61
)

$
(0.30
)Weighted Average Shares OutstandingBasic


3,227



3,226Diluted


3,227



3,226COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME  :Net loss


(1,966
)


(956
)Foreign currency translation adjustment


(832
)


1,548COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

$
(2,798
)

$
592





See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS'EQUITY (IN THOUSANDS)


Common Stock


Additional Paid-in


Accumulated Retained


Accumulated Other
ComprehensiveShares


Amount


Capital


Earnings


Income (Loss)


TotalBalance at July 1, 2007


3,226


$
10,361


$
460


$
10,135


$
478


$
21,434Cash received from stockoptions exercised


-



1















1Stock option expenses










468











468Net loss














(956
)






(956
)Dividend declared














(354
)






(354
)Translation adjustment


















1,548



1,548Balance at June 30, 2008


3,226



10,362



928



8,825



2,026



22,141Cash received from stockoptions exercised


1



3















3Stock option expenses










518











518Net loss














(1,966
)






(1,966
)Translation adjustment


















(832
)


(832
)Balance at June 30, 2009


3,227


$
10,365


$
1,446


$
6,859


$
1,194


$
19,864




See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASHFLOW (IN THOUSANDS)


Years Ended June 30,2009


2008Cash Flow from Operating ActivitiesNet loss

$
(1,966
)

$
(956
)Adjustments to reconcile from net loss to net cash flow provided by (used in) operating activitiesDepreciation and amortization


2,135



2,715Bad debts expense, net


128



9Inventory provision


162



98Accrued interest expense net accrued interest income


(89
)


(128
)Impairment loss


623



450Stock compensation expense


518



468Gain on sale of equipment


(60
)


(78
)Deferred tax provision


16



(119
)Investment income


(211
)


-Minority interest


110



350Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition effectsAccounts receivables


1,593



1,699Other receivables


517



(551
)Other assets


(513
)


(152
)Inventories


1,103



(601
)Prepaid expenses and other liabilities


(29
)


(16
)Accounts payable and accrued liabilities


(2,828
)


(997
)Other payables


1



9Income tax payable


(195
)


(295
)Net cash provided by operating activities


1,015



1,905Cash Flow from Investing ActivitiesProceeds from unrestricted and restricted term deposits


3,861



29,499Investments in unrestricted and restricted term deposits


(1,425
)


(29,252
)Additions to property, plant and equipment


(1,358
)


(3,357
)Investment in Chongqing, China


(529
)


(2,267
)Proceeds from sales of equipment


251



106Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities


800



(5,271
)Cash Flow From Financing ActivitiesRepayment of bank loans and capital leases


(1,671
)


(1,651
)Proceeds from long-term bank loans and capital leases


-



3,822Proceeds from exercising stock options


3



1Dividends paid to shareholders


-



(354
)Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities


(1,668
)


1,818Effect of Changes in Exchange Rate


(563
)


1,013NET DECREASE IN CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS


(563
)


(535
)CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD


6,600



7,135CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

$
6,037


$
6,600Supplementary Information of Cash FlowsCash paid during the period for:Interest

$
160


$
248Income taxes

$
52


$
745Capital lease of property, plant and equipment

$
-


$
96


See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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TRIO-TECH INTERNATIONAL AND SUBSIDIARIES





NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2009 AND 2008
 (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AND NUMBER OF SHARES)





1.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES.





Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation -Trio-Tech International (“the Company” or “TTI” hereafter) was incorporated in fiscal 1958 under the laws of the State of California.  TTI provides third-party semiconductor testing and burn-in
services primarily through its laboratories in Southeast Asia. In addition, TTI operates testing facilities in the United States.  The Company also designs, develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of equipment and systems used in the manufacturing and testing of semiconductor devices and electronic components. TTI conducts business in four business segments: Testing Services, Manufacturing, Distribution and Real Estate.  TTI has subsidiaries in the U.S., Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand,
and China as follows:


Ownership


LocationExpress Test Corporation (Dormant)


100
%

Van Nuys, CaliforniaTrio-Tech Reliability Services (Dormant)


100
%

Van Nuys, CaliforniaKTS Incorporated, dba Universal Systems (Dormant)


100
%

Van Nuys, CaliforniaEuropean Electronic Test Centre (Operation ceased on November 1, 2005)


100
%

Dublin, IrelandTrio-Tech International Pte., Ltd.


100
%

SingaporeUniversal (Far East) Pte., Ltd.


100
%

SingaporeTrio-Tech Thailand


100
%

Bangkok, ThailandTrio-Tech Bangkok


100
%

Bangkok, ThailandTrio-Tech Malaysia


55
%

Penang and Selangor, MalaysiaTrio-Tech Kuala Lumpur – 100% owned by Trio-Tech Malaysia


55
%

Selangor, MalaysiaPrestal Enterprise Sdn. Bhd.


76
%

Selangor, MalaysiaTrio-Tech (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.


100
%

Suzhou, ChinaTrio-Tech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.


100
%

Shanghai, ChinaTrio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd.


100
%

Chongqing, ChinaSHI International Pte., Ltd. (newly formed in fiscal 2009)


55
%

Singapore


The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (‘‘US GAAP’’). The basis of accounting differs from that used in the statutory financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries and equity investee companies, which
are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in their respective countries of incorporation. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements have reflected all costs incurred by the Company and its subsidiaries in operating the business.





All dollar amounts in the financial statements and in the notes herein are U.S. dollars (‘‘US$’’) unless otherwise designated.


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Liquidity - During 2009 the Company incurred a net loss of $1,966.  The Company was also not in compliance with certain covenants related to financial ratios for its notes payable, but was successful in obtaining waivers from the financial institution.





The Company operates in a volatile industry, whereby its average selling prices and product costs are influenced by competitive factors. These factors create pressures on sales, costs, earnings and cash flows, which will impact liquidity.





The Company believes the current cash reserves and debt availability will be adequate for fiscal 2010, however the world wide economic climax is expected to continue to adversely impact operations. The Company is continually monitoring its expenses to be in line with projected sales.





Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions— The Singapore dollar, the national currency of Singapore, is the primary currency of the
economic environment in which the operations in Singapore are conducted.  The Company also operates in Malaysia, Thailand and China, of which the Malaysian ringgit, Thai baht and Chinese remimbi, respectively, are the national currencies.  The Company uses the United States dollar (“U.S. dollars”) for financial reporting purposes.





The Company translates assets and liabilities of its subsidiaries outside the U.S. into U.S. dollars using the rate of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date, and the statement of operations is translated at average rates during the reporting period.  Adjustments resulting from the translation of the subsidiaries’
financial statements from foreign currencies into U.S. dollars are recorded in shareholders' equity as part of accumulated comprehensive loss - translation adjustments.  Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in currencies other than functional currencies of the Company’s subsidiaries are reflected in income for the reporting period.





Use of Estimates —The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Among the more significant estimates included in these financial statements are the estimated allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, reserve for obsolete inventory, reserve for warranty, impairments and the deferred income tax asset allowance.  Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.





During the second quarter of fiscal year 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. (Singapore operations) reversed approximately $159 in accruals based on new and updated information.  This was related to the reversal of bonus provisions and annual leave provisions that were included in accrued expenses at September 30, 2008.  The
provision for bonuses in the amount of $118 was based and inline with Company’s policy and guidelines related to bonuses and the financial results of the Singapore operation, group objectives and individual employee performance set up at the beginning of fiscal year 2009, and employee headcount on June 30, 2008.  However, as the Singapore operations suffered higher than expected operating losses during the six months ended December 31, 2008, management believed that the Singapore operations would
not be able to meet the criteria of the initial financial objectives created at the beginning of fiscal 2009.  The Company does not have any legal or contractual obligation for the payment of bonuses, hence the reversal was required. Accordingly, the over-provision of $159 was reversed during the second quarter of fiscal 2009.





These changes in estimate decreased the cost of sales by $84 and decreased general and administrative expenses by $75. The net impact was an increase in net income for fiscal 2009 of $159, or $0.05 per basic and diluted share.


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In the first quarter of fiscal year 2008, the Company’s Singapore operation reversed approximately $270 in employee bonuses payable that were accrued during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2007.  The provision for bonuses was based on the Company’s policy and guidelines related to bonuses, the financial results of the
Singapore operation, group objectives and individual employee performance set up at the beginning of fiscal year 2007 and employee headcount on June 30, 2007.  According to the Company’s guidelines, the Singapore operation accrued $1,110 in bonuses payable, and 420 employees were covered under the bonus provision.





Prior to the time for payment of bonuses accrued, the Company determined (a) that in the first quarter of fiscal year 2008, 51 (12.4%) employees on the bonus list for fiscal year 2007 had left the Company and thus were not entitled to such bonuses, and (b) based on the employee performance review conducted at the end of September 2007,
management noted that among more than 350 employees who were still on the bonus list, a number of employees did not qualify for the bonus of the full three months of base salary.  As a result of combining the aforementioned factors, bonuses totaling $270 were over-accrued.  Accordingly, the over-provision of $270 was reversed in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 as a result of the change in estimate.  This change in estimate increased the net income for fiscal 2008 by $270, or $0.08
per diluted share.





In addition, during fiscal 2008, the Singapore operation reversed commission expenses of $97. A portion of the commission payable by the Company is based on the estimated profit margin of sales when sales are recorded.  Management reviews the commission liability periodically with the appropriate personnel.  When the
actual profit margin is lower than expected, the accrued commission liability should be reduced and the commission expenses should be reversed accordingly.  Based on management review in fiscal 2008, it was determined that the actual profit margin for some sales was less than expected due to an increase in unexpected service expenses following the sales. Accordingly, the Company reversed $97 in commissions.  This change in estimate increased the net income for fiscal 2008 by $97, or $0.03
per diluted share.





Revenue Recognition — Revenue derived from testing services is recognized when testing services are rendered. Revenues generated from sales of products in the manufacturing and distribution segments are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of
the products has occurred, customer acceptance has been obtained (which means the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the customer), the price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.  Certain products sold (in the manufacturing segment) require installation and training to be performed.  In accordance with GAAP, rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective leases. This means that, with respect
to a particular lease, actual amounts billed in accordance with the lease during any given period may be higher or lower than the amount of rental revenue recognized for the period. Straight-line rental revenue is commenced when the tenant assumes possession of the leased premises. Accrued straight-line rents receivable represents the amount by which straight-line rental revenue exceeds rents currently billed in accordance with lease agreements.





Revenue from product sales is also recorded in accordance with the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Statement 00-21 Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables and Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 104 Revenue Recognition
in Financial Statements, which generally require revenue earned on product sales involving multiple-elements to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair values of those elements.  Accordingly, the Company allocates revenue to each element in a multiple-element arrangement based on the element’s respective fair value, with the fair value determined by the price charged when that element is sold and specifically defined in a quotation or contract.  The Company allocates
a portion of the invoice value to products sold and the remaining portion of invoice value to installation work in proportion to the fair value of products sold and installation work to be performed.   Training elements are valued based on hourly rates, which the Company charges for these services when sold apart from product sales.  The fair value determination of products sold and the installation and training work is also based on our specific historical experience of the relative
fair values of the elements if there is no easily observable market price to be considered. In fiscal 2009 and 2008, the installation revenues generated in connection with product sales were immaterial and included in the product sales revenue line on the consolidated statements of operations.




GST / Indirect Taxes—The Company’s policy is to present taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities on a net basis. The Company records the amounts collected as a current liability
and relieves such liability upon remittance to the taxing authority without impacting revenues or expenses.  -63-
 Table of Contents


Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts —During the normal course of business, the Company extends unsecured credit to its customers.  Typically, credit terms require payment to be made between 30 to 60 days from the date of the sale.  We
do not require collateral from our customers.





Management considers the following factors when determining the collectability of specific customer accounts: customer credit-worthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current economic industry trends, and changes in customer payment terms. The Company includes any account balances that are determined to be uncollectible,
along with a general reserve, in the overall allowance for doubtful accounts.  After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.  Based on the information available to management, the Company believed that its allowance for doubtful accounts was adequate as of June 30, 2009.





Warranty Costs —The Company provides for the estimated costs that may be incurred under its warranty program at the time the sale is recorded.  The Company estimates warranty costs based on the historical rates
of warranty returns.  The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary.





Cash and Cash Equivalents —The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.





Term Deposits —Term deposits consist of bank balances and interest bearing deposits having maturity of 1 to 12 months.  As of June 30, 2009, the Company held approximately $97 of unrestricted and $126 restricted
term deposits in the Company’s 55% owned Malaysian subsidiary, all of which were denominated in the currency of Malaysia.  The entire amount of unrestricted term deposit is available for dividend distribution, which is subject to the sufficiency requirement of retained earnings under Malaysia laws and regulations.  As of June 30, 2009, theCompanyheld approximately $621 of
unrestricted and $3,311 of restricted term deposits in the Company’s 100% owned Trio Tech International Pte., Ltd., which was denominated in Singapore currency, unrestricted term deposit of approximately $1,273 in the Company's 100% owned Suzhou subsidiary which was denominated in Chinese yuan and approximately $3 in the Company's 100% owned Thailand subsidiary which was denominated in Thai baht.





Inventories— Inventories consisting principally of raw materials, works in progress, and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost, using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, or market value.  The semiconductor industry is characterized by rapid technological
change, short-term customer commitments and rapid changes in demand.  Provisions for estimated excess and obsolete inventory are based on our regular reviews of inventory quantities on hand and the latest forecasts of product demand and production requirements from our customers.  Inventories are written down for not saleable, excess or obsolete raw materials, works-in-process and finished goods by charging such write-downs to cost of sales. In addition to write-downs based on newly introduced
parts, statistics and judgments are used for assessing provisions of the remaining inventory based on salability and obsolescence.





Property, Plant and Equipment & Investment Property in China —Property, plant and equipment and investment property in China are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization.  Depreciation is provided for over the estimated useful lives of the
assets using the straight-line method. Amortization of leasehold improvements is provided for over the lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the assets, whichever is the shorter, using the straight-line method.





Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred.  Additions and improvements to property and equipment are capitalized.  When assets are disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation thereon are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in the
statement of operations.


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Other Intangible Assets — The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”), effective January 1,
2002. Under SFAS 142, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are reviewed annually for impairment, or more frequently, if indications of possible impairment exist. ,the Company identified a customer relationship as the only intangible asset with a finite life of five years during the process of acquiring the testing business in Malaysia in July 2005.  The estimated fair value of this intangible asset was approximately
$482 and is being amortized over a five-year period on a straight-line basis.  No impairment loss was recorded during fiscal 2009 and 2008. The intangible assets were fully amortized as of June 30, 2009.





Impairment of Long-Lived Assets —The Company applies the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”),
to property, plant and equipment, investment property in China and other intangible assets such as customer relationships.  SFAS No. 144 requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets.  Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized
for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value.





Leases— The Company leased certain property, plant and equipment in the ordinary course of business.  The leases had varying terms.  Some may have included renewal and/or purchase options, escalation clauses, restrictions, penalties or other obligations
that the Company considered in determining minimum lease payments.  The leases were classified as either capital leases or operating leases, in accordance with SFAS 13, Accounting for Leases. The Company records monthly rent expense equal to the total amount of the payments due in the reporting period over the lease term in accordance with accounting principles accepted by the United States of America.  The difference between rent expense
recorded and the amount paid is credited or charged to deferred rent, which is included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.





Management expects that in the normal course of business, operating leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases.  The future minimum operating lease payments, for which the Company is contractually obligated as of June 30, 2009, are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.





Assets under capital leases are capitalized using interest rates appropriate at the inception of each lease and are depreciated over either the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term on a straight-line basis.  The present value of the related lease payments is recorded as a contractual obligation.  The
future minimum annual capital lease payments are included in the total future contractual obligations as disclosed in Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements.





Comprehensive Income (Loss) —Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, (“SFAS No. 130”) establishes standards
for reporting and presentation of comprehensive income (loss) and its components in a full set of general-purpose financial statements. The Company has chosen to report comprehensive income (loss) in the statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).  Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income (loss) and all changes to shareholders’ equity except those due to investments by owners and distributions to owners.





Income Taxes —The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS No. 109”).  SFAS
No. 109 requires an entity to recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets.  Deferred taxes assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequence attributable to the difference between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.  Further, the effects of enacted tax laws or rate changes are included as part of deferred tax expenses or benefits in the period
that covers the enactment date.


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 Table of Contents




The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex global tax regulations. The Company recognizes potential liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in the United States and other tax jurisdictions based on its estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due.
If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the Company determines the liabilities are no longer necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result.





Retained Earnings —It is the intention of the Company to reinvest earnings of its foreign subsidiaries in the operations of those subsidiaries.  Accordingly, no provision has been made for U.S. income and foreign withholding taxes that would result if such earnings
were repatriated.  These taxes are undeterminable at this time.  The amount of earnings retained in subsidiaries were $13,342 and $15,439 at June 30, 2009 and 2008,  respectively.





Research and Development Costs — The Company incurred research and development costs of $39 in fiscal 2009 and  $55 in fiscal 2008, which were charged to operating expenses as incurred.





Stock Based Compensation— The Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions under SFAS No. 123R Share Based Payments, using the modified prospective application method. Under this transition method, compensation
cost recognized during the twelve months ended June 30, 2009 included the applicable amounts of: (a) compensation cost of all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of, July 1, 2005 (based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123) and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to June 30, 2005.





Earnings per Share —  Computation of basic earnings per share is conducted by dividing net income available to common shares (numerator) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding (denominator) during a reporting period.  Computation of diluted
earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during a reporting period.  In computing diluted earnings per share, the average market price of common shares for a reporting period is used in determining the number of shares assumed to be purchased from the exercise of stock options.  In fiscal year 2009 and 2008, all the outstanding options were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS since they were anti-dilutive.





Fair Values of Financial Instruments— Carrying value of trade accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and term deposits approximate their fair value due to their short-term maturities.  Carrying values of the Company’s lines of credit and
long-term debt are considered to approximate their fair value because the interest rates associated with the lines of credit and long-term debt are adjustable in accordance with market situations when the Company tries to borrow funds with similar terms and remaining maturities. See Note 23 for detailed discussion of the fair value measurement of financial instruments.





Concentration of Credit Risk—Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk compose accounts receivable.  The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers
for potential credit losses.  The Company generally does not require collateral.  The Company believes that its credit policies do not result in significant adverse risk and historically it has not experienced significant credit related losses.





Reclassification — Certain reclassification has been made to the previous year’s financial statements to conform to current year presentation, specifically related to segment reporting, with no effect on previously reported net income.


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2.           NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS





In July 2009, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 168, The FASB Accounting Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(“SFAS. 168"). Statement No. 168 supersedes Statement No. 162 issued in May 2008. Statement No. 168
will become the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. On the effective date of this Statement, the Codification will supersede all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards. All other non-grandfathered non-SEC accounting
literature not included in the Codification will become non-authoritative.   This Statement is effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The adoption of Statement No. 168 is not expected to materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.





In June 2009 the FASB issued SFAS 167, Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R) (SFAS 167). SFAS 167 eliminates Interpretation 46(R)’s exceptions to consolidating qualifying special-purpose entities, contains new criteria for determining the primary beneficiary,
and increases the frequency of required reassessments to determine whether a company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. SFAS 167 also contains a new requirement that any term, transaction, or arrangement that does not have a substantive effect on an entity’s status as a variable interest entity, a company’s power over a variable interest entity, or a company’s obligation to absorb losses or its right to receive benefits of an entity must be disregarded in applying Interpretation
46(R)’s provisions. The elimination of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept and its consolidation exceptions means more entities will be subject to consolidation assessments and reassessments. SFAS 167 will be effective January 1, 2010. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations





In June 2009 the FASB issued SFAS 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets — an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140 (SFAS 166). SFAS 166 eliminates the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity, creates more stringent conditions for reporting a transfer
of a portion of a financial asset as a sale, clarifies other sale-accounting criteria, and changes the initial measurement of a transferor’s interest in transferred financial assets. SFAS 166 will be effective January 1, 2010. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of consolidated operations.





In May 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, Subsequent Events. This Statement sets forth: 1) the period after the balance sheet date during which management of a reporting entity should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure
in the financial statements; 2) the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements; and 3) the disclosures that an entity should make about events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date. This Statement is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. The company adopted this Statement in the year ended June 30, 2009.  Subsequent events were evaluated through
September 28, 2009, the date on which the financial statements were issued. This Statement did not impact the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.





In April 2009, the FASB issued Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume or Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability has Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions that are Not Orderly (“FSP FAS157-4”). FSP FAS 157-4
provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157 when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased and requires that companies provide interim and annual disclosures of the inputs and valuation technique(s) used to measure fair value. FSP FAS 157-4 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009 and is to be applied prospectively. This Statement did not have material impact on the Company’s
consolidated financial position and results of consolidated operations.


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In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-than-Temporary Impairments. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 amends the other-than-temporary impairment guidance to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments
on debt and equity securities in the financial statements. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 are effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 to have a significant impact on its financial statements.




In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments. FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 require disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies as well as
in annual financial statements. FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 are effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company does not believe that the adoption of FSP 107-1 and APB 28-1 will have an impact on the Company’s financial statements.





The Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”) on July 1, 2008 for financial assets and liabilities that are recognized
or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value as required by other accounting pronouncements and expands fair value measurement disclosures. The provisions of SFAS 157 are applied prospectively upon adoption and do not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. The disclosures required by SFAS 157 are included in Note 23, Fair Value
Measurement, to these consolidated financial statements.





The Company adopted SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (“SFAS 159”) as of July 1, 2008. SFAS 159 permits entities to elect to measure many financial instruments
and certain other items at fair value. We did not elect the fair value option for any assets or liabilities which were not previously carried at fair value. Accordingly, the adoption of SFAS 159 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.





In April 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. SFAS 142-3, Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets (“FSP SFAS
142-3”). FSP SFAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”). FSP SFAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and must be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the
effective date. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.





In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. This statement identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental
entities that are presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. This statement is effective from November 2008 when the SEC approved the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.The implementation of this statement did not have an impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.


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In March 2008, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. The new standard is intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors
to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The Company has not completed its evaluation of the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 161 on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.





In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations, or SFAS No. 141R.  SFAS No. 141R will change the accounting for business combinations in a number of areas including the treatment of contingent considerations,
pre-acquisition contingencies, transaction costs, in-process research and development, and restructuring costs.  Under SFAS No. 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions.  SFAS No. 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December
15, 2008.  The Company has not completed its evaluation of the potential impact of the adoption SFAS 141R on the accounting for future acquisitions.





In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — An Amendment of ARB No. 51, or SFAS No. 160.  SFAS No. 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards
for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary.  SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact adoption may have on its financial condition or results of operations.





3.           INVENTORIES





Inventories consisted of the following:


June 30,
2009


June 30, 2008Raw materials

$
1,084


$
1,297Works in progress


645



1,797Finished goods


173



235Provision for obsolete inventory


(718
)


(880
)$
1,184


$
2,449




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4.           STOCK OPTIONS





As of June 30, 2009, there were outstanding options to purchase 2,750 shares of Common Stock which had been granted pursuant to the 1998 Employee Option Plan, which plan was terminated on December 2, 2005 by the Company’s Board of Directors.





On September 24, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors unanimously adopted the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan and the 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan, which were approved by the shareholders on December 3, 2007.  The 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan provides for awards of up to 300,000 shares of the Company’s
Common Stock to employees, consultants and advisors.  The 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan provides for awards of up to 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to the members of the Board of Directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock. These two plans are administered by the Board, which also establishes the terms of the awards.





Assumptions





The fair value for these awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions, assuming no expected dividends:


Years Ended June 302009


2008Expected volatility


107.18-145.18
%


110.91-117.70
%Risk-free interest rate


1.27 – 2.48
%


2.90
%Expected life (years)


2.00 - 3.25



2.00





The expected volatilities are based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock.  The observation is made on a weekly basis.  The observation period covered is consistent with the expected life of options.  The Company applied Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107 in estimating the expected
life of stock options, which, among other provisions, allowed companies without access to adequate historical data about employee exercise behavior to use a simplified approach for estimating the expected term of a "plain vanilla" option grant.  The simplified rule for estimating the expected term of such an option was the average of the time to vesting and the full term of the option. The risk-free rate is consistent with the expected terms of the stock options and is based on the United States Treasury
yield curve in effect at the time of grant.


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2007 Employee Stock Option Plan





The Company’s 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “2007 Employee Plan”), which is shareholder-approved, permits the grant of stock options to its employees of up to 300,000 shares of Common Stock.  Under the 2007 Employee Plan, all options must be granted with an exercise price of not less than “fair market
value” as of the grant date and the options granted should be exercisable within a maximum of ten years after the date of grant, or such lesser period of time as is set forth in the stock option agreements. The options may be exercisable (a) immediately as of the effective date of the stock option agreement granting the option, or (b) in accordance with a schedule related to the date of the grant of the option, the date of first employment, or such other date as may be set by the Compensation Committee.  Generally,
options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan are exercisable within five years after the date of grant, and vest over the period as follows: 25% vesting on the grant date and the remaining balance vesting in equal installments on the next three succeeding anniversaries of the grant date.  The share-based compensation will be recognized in terms of the grade method over the vesting period. Certain option awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the 2007 Employee
Plan).





During the second quarter of fiscal 2008, pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan, stock options covering an aggregate of 50,000 shares of Common Stock were granted to certain officers and employees with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Employee Plan in conformity
with Regulation 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) at the date of grant.  These options vest over the period as follows: 25% vesting on the grant date, and the balance vesting in equal installments on the next three succeeding anniversaries of the grant date.  The fair market value of 50,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options granted was approximately $277 based on the fair value of $5.55 per share determined by using the
Black Scholes option pricing model.





The Company recognized stock-based compensation expensed of approximately $135 in the twelve months ended June 30, 2008 under the 2007 Employee Plan.  In the fourth quarter of 2008, 6,000 options were forfeited due to employee turnover.  The balance of unamortized stock-based compensation of $118 based on fair value
on the grant date related to options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan is expected to be recognized over a period of three years.





As of June 30, 2008, there were outstanding stock options covering 11,000 shares of Common Stock that were fully vested.  The weighted-average exercise price was $9.57, and the weighted average remaining contractual term was 4.43 years.  The total intrinsic value of vested employees’ stock options during the year
ended June 30, 2008 was zero.





During the first quarter of fiscal 2009, pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan, stock options covering 50,000 shares of Common Stock were granted to certain officers and employees with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Employee Plan in conformity with Regulation
409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) at the date of grant.  The fair market value of the 50,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such stock options was approximately $136 based on the fair value of $2.71 per share determined by using the Black Scholes option pricing model.




During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009, pursuant to the 2007 Employee Plan, stock options covering 197,000 shares of Common Stock were granted to certain officers and employees with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Employee Plan in conformity with Regulation
409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) at the date of grant.  The fair market value of the 197,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such stock options was approximately $276 based on the fair value of $1.40 per share determined by using the Black Scholes option pricing model.


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The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of approximately $260 in fiscal year 2009 under the 2007 Employee Plan.  Unamortized stock-based compensation of $248 based on fair value on the grant date related to options granted under the 2007 Employee Plan is expected to be recognized over a period of three years.





As of June 30, 2009, there were vested employee stock options covering a total of 80,625 shares of Common Stock. The weighted-average exercise price was $7.79 and the weighted average remaining contractual term was 4.41 years. The total intrinsic value of vested employee stock options during the year ended June 30, 2009 was zero. A summary
of option activities under the 2007 Employee Plan during the year ended June 30, 2009 is presented as follows:





Weighted- Average


Weighted - Average Remaining Contractual


AggregateOptions


Exercise
Price


Term (Years)


Intrinsic
ValueOutstanding at July 1, 2008


44,000


$
9.57



4.43



--Granted


247,000


$
2.35



4.63



--Exercised


-



--Forfeited or expired


(8,000
)

$
7.49Outstanding at June 30, 2009


283,000


$
3.32



4.47



--Exercisable at June 30, 2009


80,625


$
4.09



4.41



--





A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested employee stock options during the year ended June 30, 2009 is presented below:


Weighted-Average Grant-DateOptions


Fair ValueNon-vested at July 1, 2008


33,000


$
5.55Granted


247,000


$
1.67Vested


(69,625
)

$
2.14Forfeited


(8,000
)

$
4.31Non-vested at June 30, 2009


202,375


$
3.84




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2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan





The 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Directors Plan”), which is shareholder-approved, permits the grant of 200,000 shares of Common Stock to its duly elected non-employee directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock. The exercise price of the non-qualified options is 100% of the fair market
value of the underlying shares on the grant date.  The options have five-year contractual terms and are generally exercisable immediately as of the grant date.





During the second quarter of 2008, pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan, stock options covering an aggregate of 60,000 shares of Common Stock were granted to our directors with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Directors Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A or the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) at the date of grant.  The fair market value of 60,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options granted was approximately $333 based on the fair value of $5.55 per share determined by the Black Scholes option pricing model.  There were no options exercised during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008.  The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $333 for the period ended June 30, 2008 under the
2007 Directors Plan.





During the first quarter of 2009, pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan, stock options covering 60,000 shares of Common Stock were granted to our directors with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Directors Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended) at the date of grant.  The fair market value of the 60,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such stock options was approximately $163 based on the fair value of $2.71 per share determined by the Black Scholes option pricing model.





During the fourth quarter of 2009, pursuant to the 2007 Directors Plan, we granted stock options covering 80,000 shares of Common Stock to our directors with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our Common Stock (as defined under the 2007 Directors Plan in conformity with Regulation 409A or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended) at the date of grant.  The fair market value of the 80,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such stock options was approximately $95 based on the fair value of $1.18 per share determined by the Black Scholes option pricing model.





There were no options exercised under the 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan during the years ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.  The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $258 and $333 in the year ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 respectively under the 2007 Directors Plan.





A summary of option activities under the 2007 Directors Plan during the year ended June 30, 2009 is presented as follow:





Weighted- Average


Weighted - Average Remaining Contractual


AggregateOptions


Exercise
Price


Term (Years)


Intrinsic
ValueOutstanding at July 1, 2008


60,000


$
9.57



4.43



--Granted


140,000


$
3.04



4.46



--Exercised


--



--Forfeited or expired


--



--Outstanding at June 30, 2009


200,000


$
5.00



4.15



--Exercisable at June 30, 2009


200,000


$
5.00



4.15



--




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1998 Stock Option Plan





A summary of option activities under the 1998 Plan during the year ended June 30, 2009 is presented as follow:





Weighted- Average


Weighted - Average Remaining Contractual


AggregateOptions


Exercise
Price


Term (Years)


Intrinsic
ValueOutstanding at July 1, 2008


12,550


$
3.03



0.24



--Granted


--



--Exercised


(1,000
)

$
2.66Forfeited or expired


(8,800
)

$
2.66Outstanding at June 30, 2009


2,750


$
4.40



0



--Exercisable at June 30, 2009


2,750


$
4.40



0



--





The intrinsic value of 2,750 options exercisable was zero. Cash received from options exercised in the year ended June 30, 2009 was approximately $3.





As at June 30, 2009, all options under 1998 plan are fully vested.





5.            EARNINGS PER SHARE





In August 2007, the American Stock Exchange notified the Company that there had been an overstatement of the Company’s Common Stock outstanding in the amount of 2,062 shares since fiscal year 1998.  The overstatement resulted from an error when the Company had incorrectly issued shares in that amount to an employee.  This
employee returned the wrongly issued share certificate and the matter remained pending until it was finally cleared in the first quarter of fiscal 2008.  At that time the shares were canceled, and the number of outstanding shares was corrected.





Options to purchase 485,750 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $1.72 to $9.57 per share were outstanding as of June 30, 2009. All the outstanding options were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS for fiscal 2009 since they were anti-dilutive.





Options to purchase 116,550 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices ranging from $2.66 to $9.57 per share were outstanding as of June 30, 2008. All the outstanding options were excluded in the computation of diluted EPS for fiscal 2008 since they were anti-dilutive.


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The following table is a reconciliation of the weighted average shares used in the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the years presented herein:


For the Year Ended
June 30,2009


2008Loss Attributable to Common Shares

$
(1,966
)

$
(956
)Basic Loss Per Share


(0.61
)


(0.30
)Diluted Loss Per Share


(0.61
)


(0.30
)Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic


3,227



3,226Dilutive effect of stock options


-



-Number of shares used to compute earnings per share - diluted


3,227



3,226




6.           PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:




Estimated
UsefulLife


June 30,in Years


2009


2008Building and improvements


3-20


$
319


$
319Leasehold improvements


3-27



2,932



3,689Machinery and equipment


3-7



11,126



9,458Furniture and fixtures


3-5



828



877Equipment under capital leases


3-5



531



78615,736



15,130Less:Accumulated depreciation and amortization






8,709



6,686Accumulated amortization on equipment under capital leases






420



308$
6,607


$
8,136





Depreciation and amortization expenses during fiscal 2009 and 2008 were $2,135 (of which $112 related to intangible assets) and $2,715(of which $106 related to intangible assets), respectively.


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7.           ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS





Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms.  The Company sells its products and services to manufacturers in the semiconductor industry.  The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial conditions, and although we generally do not require collateral,
letters of credit may be required from our customers in certain circumstances.





The following table represents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts:





For the Year Ended June 30,2009


2008Beginning

$
51


$
42Additions charged to cost and expenses


128



24Recovered


(14
)


(15
)Ending

$
165


$
51




8.           ACCRUED EXPENSES




Accrued expenses consisted of the following:




For the Year Ended June 30,2009


2008Payroll and related costs

$
531


$
1,360Commissions


30



96Customer deposits


-



108Legal and audit


102



182Sales tax


17



7Utilities


148



198Warranty


49



113Accrued purchase of materials and fixed assets


281



154Provision for re-installment cost


96



167Insurance


3



2Withholding tax


-



7Other professional fees


331



288Production expenses


-



90Provision for productivity funds


-



54Other accrued expenses


181



292Total

$
1,769



3,036




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9.           WARRANTY ACCRUAL





The Company provides one-year warranty coverage for certain products manufactured by the Company. The Company estimates the warranty costs based on the historical rate of warranty returns. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary.




For the Year Ended
June 30,2009


2008Beginning

$
113


$
211Additions charged to cost and expenses


-



-Reversal


(47
)


(80
)Actual usage


(17
)


(18
)Ending

$
49


$
113











10.          BANK LOANS PAYABLE


Bank loans payable consisted of the following:





June 30,2009


2008Note payable denominated in Singapore dollars to a commercial bank for infrastructure investment, maturing in April 2009, bearing interest at the bank’s prime rate (4.25% at June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008) plus 1% per annum, with monthly payments of principal plus interest through April 2009, collateralized by fixed deposits.

$
-


$
54Note payable denominated in Singapore dollars to a commercial bank for expansion plans in Singapore and China, maturing in August 2010, bearing interest at the bank’s prime rate (5.53% and  2.517% at June 30, 2009 and 2008) plus 3.5% per annum,
with monthly payments of principal plus interest of $124 through June 2009, collateralized by Corporate Guarantee. This note payable is secured by cash deposits of $2,759 as at June 30, 2009, which is reported as non-current assets, restricted term deposits on the consolidated balance sheet.


1,503



2,969Current portion


(1,266
)


(1,403
)Long term portion of bank loans payable

$
237


$
1,620





The bank loan payables non-current portion of $237 expired in the year ending June 30, 2010.





Effective interest rate was 3.63% for the outstanding loan as of June 30, 2009.


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11.           ADOPTION OF FIN 48





The Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), on July 1, 2007. The Company has recorded a charge to the beginning balance of retained earnings of $256 as a result of implementing FIN 48.  A reconciliation of the beginning
and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:





(in thousands)Balance at adoption, July 1, 2007

$
(256
)Additions based on current year tax positions


(74
)Additions for prior year(s) tax positions


(32
)Balance at June 30, 2008


(362
)Additions for current year’s(s) tax positions


(71
)Reductions for prior year(s) tax positions


187Settlement


45Balance at June 30, 2009

$
(201
)





The Company accrues penalties and interest on unrecognized tax benefits when necessary as a component of penalties and interest expenses, respectively.  The Company had not accrued any penalties or interest expenses relating to unrecognized benefits as at June 30, 2009 and 2008.





The major tax jurisdictions in which the Company files income tax returns are the United States, Singapore and Malaysia.  The statute of limitations, in general, is open for years 2004 to 2009 for tax authorities in those jurisdictions to audit or examine income tax returns.  The Company is under annual review by the
government of Singapore.  However, the Company is not currently under tax examination in any other jurisdiction.


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12.           INCOME TAXES





The Company generates income or loss before income taxes and minority interest in the U.S., Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia and files income tax returns in these countries.  The summarized income or loss before income taxes and minority interest in the U.S. and foreign countries for fiscal 2009 and 2008 were as follows:





For the Year Ended
June 30,2009


2008U.S.

$
58


$
(243
)Foreign


(1,931
)


(147
)Total

$
(1,873
)

$
(390
)





On a consolidated basis, the Company’s net income tax provisions (benefits) were as follows:





For the Year Ended
June 30,2009


2008Federal

$
-


$
-State


2



5Foreign


(46
)


74(44
)


79Deferred:Federal


-



-State


-



-Foreign


7



137$
(51
)

$
216





The reconciliation between the U.S. federal tax rate and the effective income tax rate was as follows:





For the Year Ended
June 30,2009


2008Statutory federal tax rate


(34
) %


(34
) %State taxes, net of federal benefit


(6
)


(6
)Foreign tax rate reduction


38



69Other


(4
)


18Changes in valuation allowance


3



8Effective rate


(3
) %


55
%





At June 30, 2009, the Company had net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $129 and $1,745 for federal and state tax purposes, respectively, expiring through 2029.  The Company also had tax credit carry forwards of approximately $863 for federal income tax purposes expiring through 2015.


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The components of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were as follows:





For the Year Ended
June 30,2009


2008Deferred tax assets:Net operating losses and credits

$
1, 565


$
1,004Inventory valuation


98



171Depreciation


4



1Provision for bad debts


2



2Accrued vacation


12



12Accrued expenses


3



12Other


1



24Total deferred tax assets


1,685



1,226Deferred tax liabilities:Depreciation


(526
)


(534
)Other


-



-Total deferred income tax liabilities


(526
)


(534
)Subtotal


1,159



692Valuation allowance


(1,685
)


(1,202
)Net deferred tax liabilities

$
(526
)

$
(510
)





The valuation allowance increased by $483 and $100 in fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. Management believed that it was more likely than not that the future benefits from these timing differences would not be realized.  Accordingly, a full valuation allowance was provided as of June 30, 2009 and 2008.





For U.S. income tax purposes no provision has been made for U.S. taxes on undistributed earnings of overseas subsidiaries with which the Company intends to continue to reinvest.  It is not practicable to estimate the amount of additional tax that might be payable on the foreign earnings if they were remitted as dividends or lent
to the Company, or if the Company should sell its stock in the subsidiary.  However, the Company believes that the existing U.S. foreign tax credits and net operating losses available would substantially eliminate any additional tax effects.


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13.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES





The Company leases certain of its facilities and equipment under long-term agreements expiring at various dates through fiscal 2012. Certain of these leases require the Company to pay real estate taxes and insurance and provide for escalation of lease costs based on certain indices.  Future minimum payments under capital leases
and non-cancelable operating leases and net rental income under non-cancelable sub-leased properties as of June 30, 2009 were as follows:




Years Ending June 30,

CapitalLeases


OperatingLeases


Sub-leaseRental Income


Net OperatingLeases2010

$
84


$
538


$
84


$
4542011


56



304



36



2682012


-



114



-



114Total future minimum lease payments


140


$
956


$
120


$
836Less amount representing interest


(10
)Present value of net minimum lease payments


130Less current portion of capital lease obligations


(78
)Long-term obligations under capital leases

$
52


The Company entered into two sublease agreements with third parties to rent out the properties in Malaysia in December 2007 and March 2008, which expire in November 2009 and June 2010, respectively.  Total rental income from subleases amounted to $119 in fiscal 2009 and $156 in fiscal 2008.





Total rental expense on all operating leases, cancelable and non-cancelable, amounted to $1,024 in fiscal 2009 and $1,301 in fiscal 2008.





The Company is, from time to time, the subject of litigation claims and assessments arising out of matters occurring in its normal business operations.  In the opinion of management, resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements.





14.           TRANSACTIONS IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY





Fiscal 2009





On July 11, 2008, the Board of Directors granted options to acquire up to an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock pursuant to the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan and options to acquire up to an aggregate of 60,000 shares of stock under the 2007 Directors Equity Inventive Plan, all with an exercise price of $4.81
per share (equal to the market price at the grant date).





On April 13, 2009, the Board of Directors granted options to acquire up to an aggregate of 197,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock pursuant to the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan and options to acquire up to an aggregate of 80,000 shares of stock under the 2007 Directors Equity Inventive Plan, all with an exercise price of $1.72
per share (equal to the market price at the grant date).





The options granted to directors vested in full on the grant date.  The options granted to the employee have a five-year contractual life and vested 25% on the grant date and will vest as to an additional 25% at each anniversary date.  Under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards (SFAS) No. 123R, Share-Based Payments, using the modified prospective application method, the compensation cost recognized was $518.


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The Company translates adjustments related to the translation of assets and liabilities outside the U.S. into U.S. dollars, which totaled $832 as of June 30, 2009.




Fiscal 2008





On September 24, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors unanimously adopted the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan and the 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan, which were approved by the shareholders on December 3, 2007.  The 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan provides for awards of up to 300,000 shares of the Company’s
Common Stock to employees, consultants and advisors in the form of incentive and non-qualified stock options.  The 2007 Directors Equity Incentive Plan provides for awards of up to 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock to the members of the Board of Directors in the form of non-qualified options and restricted stock.  These two plans are administered by the board, which also establishes the terms of the awards.





On December 4, 2007, the Board of Directors granted options to acquire up to an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock pursuant to the 2007 Employee Stock Option Plan and options to acquire up to an aggregate of 60,000 shares of stock under the 2007 Directors Equity Inventive Plan, all with an exercise price of $9.57
per share (equal to the market price at the grant date).  The options granted to directors vested in full on the grant date.  The options granted to the employee have a five-year contractual life and vested 25% on the grant date and will vest as to an additional 25% at each anniversary date.  Under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123R, Share-Based Payments,
using the modified prospective application method, the compensation cost recognized was $468.





15.           CONCENTRATION OF CUSTOMERS





The Company had three major customers that accounted for the following accounts receivable and sales during the fiscal years ended:


Years Ended June 30,


2009


2008Sales- Customer A


8
%


42
%- Customer B


43
%


34
%- Customer C


8
%


4
%Accounts Receivable- Customer A


11
%


17
%- Customer B


40
%


52
%- Customer C


16
%


9
%




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16.           INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN CHONGQING, CHINA





The following table presents the Company’s investment in China in fiscal 2009. The exchange rate is based on the exchange rate on June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.





Investment Date

Investment Amount


Investment Amount(RMB)


(U.S. Dollars)Investment in property with JiaSheng
08/28/07


10,000



1,464Investment in property with JiaSheng
12/17/07


5,000



732Purchase of investment property (MaoYe)
01/04/08


5,554



813Return of investment in property purchased in 2007 with JiaSheng
06/26/08


(5,000
)


(732
)Return on investment in property with JiaSheng
10/23/08


(1,988
)


(291
)Purchase of investment property
10/23/08


7,042



1,031Depreciation



(557
)


(82
)Total investments in China


RMB 20,051


$
2,935


In June 2007, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. established a subsidiary in Chongqing, China.  This newly established subsidiary, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd., has a registered capital of RMB 20,000 (Chinese yuan), or equivalent to approximately U.S. $2,600, and is wholly owned by Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. In June
2007, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. infused $2,600 to Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. to fulfill the capital injection obligation of  Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. The source of the funds was from the proceeds from the disposition of short-term deposits by Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd.





On August 27, 2007, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. entered into a Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng Property Development Co., Ltd. “JiaSheng” to jointly develop a piece of property with 24.91 acres owned by JiaSheng located in Chongqing City, China, which is intended for sale after the completion of development.  Pursuant
to the signed agreement, the capital to be invested by Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. was RMB 10,000, equivalent to approximately U.S. $1,464 based on the exchange rate on June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.  On August 28, 2007, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. transferred the required amount from its bank account into a special bank account jointly monitored by both Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. and JiaSheng.  The investment was accounted under the cost method.


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On October 22, 2007, the parties received approval from the Chinese District Zoning Regulation Bureau to increase the square meters of the buildings specified in the original Memorandum Agreement dated August 27, 2007 by 9,885 square meters.  As a result, the construction costs of the proposed building project also increased.  On
November 15, 2007, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. entered into a Supplement Agreement to the Memorandum Agreement dated August 27, 2007 with JiaSheng.  The purpose of this Supplement Agreement was to document another agreement reached by both parties regarding the additional capital infusion to be committed by the respective parties in order to finance the increase in construction costs. The Supplement Agreement did not modify the terms and obligations of both parties specified in the original Memorandum
Agreement.  Under the terms of the Supplement Agreement, the Company agreed to invest an additional RMB 9,000, or approximately U.S. $1,317 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.   On December 17, 2007, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. received a list of additional costs incurred for this project, which were RMB 4,000 less than the estimated cost of RMB 9,000.  Accordingly, the Company only transferred RMB 5,000, approximately
U.S. $732, from its bank account into the special bank account jointly monitored by both Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. and JiaSheng.  After that additional capital infusion, the equity ratio owned by the Company in that joint venture was 20%.





On January 4, 2008, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. entered into a Memorandum Agreement with MaoYe Property Ltd. to purchase an office space of 827.2 square meters on the 35th floor of a 40 story high office building located in Chongqing, China.  The total cash purchase price was RMB 5,554 (Chinese yuan), equivalent to approximately
U.S. $813 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.  Under the terms of the agreement, the Company paid the purchase price in full on January 4, 2008.  The Company rented this property to a third party on July 13, 2008. The term of the rental agreement was five years with a monthly rental income of RMB 39, or approximately $6 for the first three years, with an increase of 8% in the fourth year and another 8% in the fifth year. In fiscal
year 2009, this property generated a rental income of $54.





In the fourth quarter of 2008, the investment of RMB 5,000, approximately U.S. $732 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, was returned to the Company, which reduced the investment in this project to $1,464.  After that return of investment, the equity ratio owned by the
Company in that joint venture was 15%. The Company also recorded a profit of RMB 750, approximately $103, in investment income in the fourth quarter of 2008.





In October 2008, the Company received a second return on investment principal of RMB 1,988, or $291, and investment income of RMB 1,312, or $192, from JiaSheng.  The investment income was part of the return on investment based on the total investment amount of RMB 15,000, or $2,195.  After the second return of investment,
the equity ratio owned by the Company in that joint venture was 13%.  This investment return was used to offset the purchase of new commercial and residential investment property from JiaSheng as discussed below.


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On October 23, 2008, Trio-Tech (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. entered into a Memorandum Agreement with JiaSheng to purchase four units of commercial property and two units of residential property, totaling 1,391.70 square meters, at JiaSheng Jingyun Huafu Project located at No. 17 Puyun Avenue in Chongqing, China. The total purchase price was RMB
7,042, approximately $1,031 based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009 published by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.  In October 2008, the Company made a cash down payment of 10% in the amount of RMB 704, or $103. In November 2008, the Company paid an additional RMB 2,908 in cash, or $426, from internally generated funds of the Company.  The Company and JiaSheng agreed to offset the remaining purchase price for this commercial and residential property with the investment returns from
the No. B48 property in the BeiPei district of Chongqing City. In addition, the Company charged JiaSheng RMB 130, or $19, in penalties for the delay in the payment of investment principal and investment income. The penalty was also used to offset the purchase price of the commercial and residential property.  As of June 30, 2009, the Company paid cash in the amount of $529, and offset amounts of $291 as the return of investment principal, $192 as investment income and $19 as penalties charged for this
new commercial and residential property totaling $1,031. The Company has not received the title for this property as of the filing date of this Form 10-K, as the seller is in the process of making the payments of all taxes due so that the documents can be received and the transfer can take place.





On October 23, 2008 the Company entered into a lease agreement with JiaSheng for the six units purchased from JiaSheng pursuant to the Memorandum Agreement.  The lease provides for a two year term with an annual rental income of RMB 1,392, or approximately $204. The lease started on November 1, 2008 and generated a rental income
of $137 in fiscal 2009. The depreciation expenses of the investment property in Chongqing, China were $75 and the depreciation expenses of our office and office furniture in Chongqing, China were $15 in fiscal year 2009.





17.           DIVIDEND PAID TO SHAREHOLDERS




On February 12, 2008, the Board of Directors of Registrant declared a cash dividend of eleven cents ($0.11) per share payable to the shareholders of record on February 25, 2008. The total number of shares issued and outstanding as of February 25, 2008 was 3,226,430 and the total amount of the cash dividends paid on March 25, 2008 was $354.





18.         OTHER EXPENSES





Other expenses consisted of the following:





Year Ended June 30,2009


2008Interest income

$
112


$
258Other rental income


141



59Exchange loss


212



(561
)Other miscellaneous (loss) income


(162
)


88Total

$
303


$
(156
)




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19.    IMPAIRMENT LOSS





The Company applies the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”) to property, plant and equipment, investment in property, China and other intangible assets. SFAS No.
144 requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset.  Whenever any such impairment exists, an impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value.





In fiscal 2009, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $623 based on its examination of future undiscounted cash flows, which were generated by the subsidiaries where certain long-lived assets (certain fixed assets) were used.  Of such amount, an impairment loss of $525 was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal year 2009.
An impairment loss of $296 related to the fixed assets located in our Shanghai operation and the remaining $226 was for certain testing equipment located in our Suzhou operation in China. Management believes that due to the change in demand for certain burn-in testing services, the negative impact of the international economic financial crisis and the semiconductor industry recession, our existing burn-in testing facilities in the Shanghai operation became obsolete. There was little business activity in the Shanghai
operations during the six months ended December 31, 2008, and there were also no secured orders or backlogs for subsequent periods. Therefore, as management expects no future cash flows from those assets based on our best estimates, the carrying value of these assets was written down to zero and the impairment loss was recorded. Business in the Suzhou operation began to slow down in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, and suffered losses in fiscal 2009. The operation is currently only providing line support, maintenance
and training service for one customer.  Based on our best estimates, there will be no future cash flows from certain identified testing equipment. Therefore, the carrying value of these assets was written down to zero and an impairment loss was recorded.





During the third quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company  recorded an impairment loss of $98, which was for certain testing equipment located in the Malaysia operation. Some testing equipment in the Malaysia operation was beyond repairable conditions and hence was fully impaired as no future cash flows will be generated.





In fiscal 2008, the Company recorded an impairment loss of approximately $450 based on its examination of future undiscounted cash flows, which were generated by the subsidiaries where certain long-lived assets (certain fixed assets) were used.  Of such amount, an impairment loss of $5 was recorded in the second quarter of fiscal
year 2008, which related to the assets held for sale in Malaysia that was sold in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, and impairment loss of $316 was from certain advanced burn-in testing equipment in the Singapore operation utilized in connection with the contract that was terminated, and also due to a decrease in our testing backlog and projected future sales in the Singapore operation.  An additional $72 of impairment loss was for the burn-in board testing service in the Shanghai operation in China
due to the change in demand for certain burn-in testing services, which in turn made certain of our existing burn-in facilities obsolete.  A further impairment loss of $57 was for building renovations for certain testing projects due to a decrease in orders from the same major customer in the Shanghai operations in China.


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20.           BUSINESS SEGMENTS





We have historically operated in three segments: Testing Services, Manufacturing and Distribution. In June 2007, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. established a subsidiary in Chongqing, China.  As our investment in the real estate business in Chongqing, China meets the definition and exceeds more than 10% of our combined assets
of all operating segments in fiscal 2009, we reported our investment in China as a separate Real Estate Segment, to be in compliance with and in accordance to the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.131  Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. The financial information on the measurement of profit or loss and total assets for the four segments, as well
as geographic area information, can be found under management’s discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial conditions, as well as in the financial statements included in this report.  Our working capital requirements are covered under management’s discussion and analysis of business outlook, liquidity and capital resources.





The Company operates principally in four industry segments: the testing service industry (that performs structural and electronic tests of semiconductor devices), the designing and manufacturing of equipment (that tests the structural integrity of integrated circuits and other products), the distribution of various products from other manufacturers
in Southeast Asia, and real estate business (which invests in commercial and residential properties) in Chongqing, China.




The revenue allocated to individual countries was based on where the customers were located. The allocation of the cost of equipment, the current year investment in new equipment and depreciation expense were made on the basis of the primary purpose for which the equipment was acquired.





All inter-segment sales were sales from the manufacturing segment to the testing and distribution segment. Total inter-segment sales were $223 in fiscal 2009 and $133 in fiscal 2008.  Corporate assets mainly consisted of cash and prepaid expenses.  Corporate expenses mainly consisted of salaries, insurance, professional
expenses and directors' fees.





Business Segment Information:Years




Operating





Depr.Ended

Net


Income


Total


and


CapitalJune 30,

Sales


(Loss)


Assets


Amort.


ExpendituresManufacturing
2009

$
9,582


$
(1,624
)

$
3,381


$
322


$
1942008

$
21,731


$
(46
)

$
3,721


$
229


$
345Testing Services
2009


9,758



(858
)


20,837



1,715



1,1582008


18,172



427



27,977



2,467



3,091Distribution
2009


294



57



70



8



72008


411



(249
)


417



19



15Corporate and
2009


-



76



144



-



-Unallocated
2008


-



(173
)


377



-



2Real Estate
2009


413



338



3,515



90



1,0312008


103



103



2,267







2,277Total Company
2009

$
20,047


$
(2,011
)

$
27,947


$
2,135


$
2,6592008

$
40,417


$
62


$
34,759


$
2,715


$
3,453


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YearsEnded
June 30,

United States


China


Singapore


Thailand


Malaysia
Other Countries


Elimini. and Other

Total CompanyNet Sales to
2009

$
1,864


$
1,068


$
5,826


$
326


$
10,329


$
857


$
(223
)
$
20,047Customers
2008


4,713


$
1,178


$
17,113


$
2,009


$
13,629


$
1,908


$
(133
)
$
40,417Operating
2009


(6
)


(102
)


(437
)


(530
)


(31
)


(982
)


77


(2,011Income (loss)
2008


(51
)


109



99



12



80



(14
)


(173
)

62Long-lived
2009

$
5


$
2,935


$
2,056


$
589


$
4,689


$
-


$
(40
)
$
9.542Assets
2008

$
7


$
926


$
1,663


$
702


$
4,990


$
-


$
(40
)
$
8,248





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21.           QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)





The Company’s summarized quarterly financial data are as follows:





Year ended June 30, 2009

Sep. 30,


Dec. 31,


Mar. 31,


Jun. 30,Revenues

$
6,230


$
5,562


$
3,991


$
4,264Expenses


6,760



5,874



4,391



4,895Loss before income taxes and minority interest


(530
)


(312
)


(400
)


(631
)Income taxes expense (benefit)


98



(62
)


(139
)


52Loss before minority interest


(628
)


(250
)


(261
)


(683
)Minority interest


91



176



(99
)


(312
)Net loss from operations

$
(537
)

$
(74
)

$
(360
)

$
(995
)Basic loss per share

$
(0.22
)

$
(0.13
)

$
(0.05
)

$
(0.21
)Diluted loss per share

$
(0.22
)

$
(0.13
)

$
(0.05
)

$
(0.21
)Year ended June 30, 2008

Sep. 30,


Dec. 31,


Mar. 31,


Jun. 30,Revenues

$
12,050


$
12,871


$
8,455


$
6,938Expenses


10,931



12,508



9,895



7,370Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest


1,119



363



(1,440
)


(432
)Income taxes expense (benefit)


172



142



(46
)


(52
)Income (loss) before minority interest


947



221



(1,394
)


(380
)Minority interest


(196
)


(56
)


(17
)


(81
)Net income (loss)

$
751


$
165


$
(1,411
)

$
(461
)Basic earnings (loss) per share

$
0.23


$
0.05


$
(0.44
)

$
(0.14
)Diluted earnings (loss) per share

$
0.23


$
0.05


$
(0.44
)

$
(0.14
)




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22.         LINE OF CREDIT





Our credit rating provides the Company with ready and adequate access to funds in global markets.  At June 30, 2009, the Company had available unused short-term lines of credit totaling $12,970. The Company only paid banks fees to maintain the line of credit held at Trio-Tech Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. which resulted in $2 during the
2009 fiscal year. There was no fee for the unused line of credit in Bangkok and Singapore.





Entity with
Type of
Interest
Expiration

Credit


UnusedFacility
Facility
Rate
Date

Limitation


CreditTrio-Tech Malaysia
Line of Credit
Prime rate (1.55% as of June 30, 2009) plus 2.5% per annum
June 2010

$
88


$
88Trio-Tech Bangkok
Line of Credit
Prime rate (6.51% as of June 30, 2009) plus 1% per annum
October 2009


139



139Trio-Tech Singapore
Line of Credit
Prime rate (5.28% as of June 30, 2009) plus 0.25% per annum
May 2010


12,743



12,743Total




$
12,970


$
12,970





23. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS





In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS 157,Fair Value Measurements.  SFAS 157 provides enhanced guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities.  Under the standard, fair value refers to the price that would be
received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts its business.  SFAS 157 clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.  In support of this principle, SFAS 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions.  Under the standard,
fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy.  Effective July 1, 2008, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 157 as it relates to financial assets and financial liabilities.





The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:





Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximates its far value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.





Accounts receivable and accounts payable: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their fair values because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.





Long-term and short-term debt: The carrying amounts of the Company’s borrowings under its short-term credit arrangements approximate their values. The fair values of the Company’s long-term debt are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types
of borrowing arrangements. As of June 30, 2009, the Company had no non-interest bearing long-term debt outstanding with a related party.


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There are no significant differences between the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2009 and 2008.




The following table provides a summary of the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2009:


Basis of Fair Value MeasurementsAs of
June 30,

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets

Significant Other Observable Inputs

Significant Unobservable Inputs2009

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3AssetsShort-term deposits

$
1,994


$
1,994


$
--


$
-Restricted term deposit


3,437



3,437Total assets measured at fair value

$
5,431


$
5,431


$
--


$
-Percentage of total assets


19
%


19
%


--



-


As noted above, the fair value of the Company’s term deposits is determined using quoted market prices in active markets. Since the Company’s term deposits are fixed rate deposits, there is an active, readily tradable market value based on quoted prices. We based our estimates on such prices (Level 1 pricing) as of June 30,
2009, or the measurement date. Active markets are those in which transactions occur in significant frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an on-going basis. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, the valuation of these term deposits does not entail a significant degree of judgment.





24.                      MINORITY INTEREST





Minority interest represents the minority stockholders’ proportionate share of 45% of the equity of Trio-Tech Malaysia, also 45% interest in the newly formed company SHI, a subsidiary of Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd., which is a subsidiary of the Company.





25.                      LOAN COVENANT VIOLATION





As the Company suffered a loss in the first three quarters of fiscal 2009, the Singapore operations did not fulfill one of their loan covenants which requires the Company to maintain the debt to EBITDA ratio of no more than 2.5 times at all times during the term of the loan. As a result, the Company had classified all long-term debt as
current liabilities for the first three quarters of fiscal 2009. Management has communicated to the bank and requested a waiver of this particular loan covenant. As a result, on June 28, 2009 the financial institution waived the required loan covenant as requested, but increased the security by requiring us to pledge the fixed deposits of S $2,000, approximately $1,380.


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26.         RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS





During the second quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company purchased four units of commercial property and two units of residential property in Chongqing China from JiaSheng.  JiaSheng and the Company were parties to the Agreement entered into on August 27, 2007 and the Supplement Agreement entered into on November 15, 2007 relating
to an investment in the No. B48 lot in the BeiPei district of Chongqing, China as discussed in Note 16.The purchase price was approximately $1,031.





On October 23, 2008 the Company entered into a lease agreement with JiaSheng for the six units purchased from JiaSheng pursuant to the Memorandum Agreement.  The lease provides for a two year term with an annual rental income of RMB 1,392, or approximately $204. The lease started on November 1, 2008.





27.           OPERATING LEASES




Operating leases arise from the leasing of the Company’s commercial and residential real estate investment property in China and Malaysia. Initial lease terms generally range from 24 to 60 months. Depreciation expense for assets subject to operating leases is provided primarily on the straight-line method over a period of twenty years
in amounts necessary to reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its estimated residual value. Depreciation expense relating to the property held as investments in operating leases was $75 for fiscal 2009.




Investments in operating leases as at June 30:




2009


2008Investment property in China

$
1,844


$
813Accumulated depreciation


(75
)


-Net investments in operating leases

$1,769


$813




Future minimum rental payments to be received on non-cancellable (Bei Bei District only) operating leases are contractually due as follows as of June 30, 2009:




Year EndingJune 30,

Amount2010

$
682011


682012


732013


732014


3Thereafter


-





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28.       TERM DEPOSITS


June 30,2009

2008Short-term deposits

$
1,994


$
7,746Restricted term deposits


3,437



-$
5,431


$
7,746





Restricted deposits represent the amounts of cash pledged to secure loans payable granted by financial institutions and serve as collateral for public utility agreements such as electricity and water and performance bonds related to customs duty payable and are classified as non-current assets, as they relate to long-term obligations. Short
term deposits represent bank deposits which do not qualify as cash equivalents.





29.             SUBSEQUENT EVENT





In April 2009, Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. set up a new entity, SHI International Pte., Ltd. ("SHI"), in which Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd. holds 55% of the ownership interest. On April 7, 2009, SHI entered into a Share Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which SHI agreed to acquire from Erni Susanto Susi, Dwi Kartikarini and PT
SAS International’s shares of PT SAS Heavy Industry ("SASHI") for an aggregate cash purchase price of $10, and a goodwill of $100. In August 2009 relevant Indonesian government authorities approved the change of shareholders and hence PT SAS Indonesia is considered acquired 95% by SHI International Pte., Ltd. SASHI engages in business in the oil and gas industries by providing integrated engineering, manufacturing and  fabrication services for customers in the oil and gas industries. These include
products such as heat transfer equipment, pressure vessels, skid packages, onshore and offshore modules and structures, floating cranes and barges, and steel structures for industrial plants.





In August 2009, Trio-Tech (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (“TTM”), a 55% owned subsidiary of Trio-Tech International Pte., Ltd., purchased a building for a value of RM 12,450 (Malaysian ringgit) or approximately $3,534 (U.S. dollars), for its testing operations. Prior to this purchase, this property was under lease rental by the Company.
On August 24, 2008, TTM obtained a long-term loan of RM 9,625, or approximately $2,733, offered by a financial institution in Malaysia. This non-revolving long-term loan has a term of fifteen years from the first draw down.  The financial institution offered an interest rate at the financial institution’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum or a fixed rate of 7.12% per annum in the first five years and the financial institution’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum thereafter.  The Company
decided to opt for the bank’s prime rate plus 1.5% per annum, and the loan was released on August 10, 2009.