South Carolina's

Forest Resources—2000 Update

United States

Department of

Agriculture

Forest Service

Southern

Research Station

Resource Bulletin

SRS–65

Roger C. Conner and Raymond M. Sheffield

PIEDMONT

NORTHERN

COASTAL PLAIN

SOUTHERN 

COASTAL PLAIN
December 2001

Southern Research Station

P.O. Box 2680

Asheville, NC 28802

Roger C. Conner is a Research Forester and

Raymond M. Sheffield is a Supervisory Research

Forester with the Forest Inventory and Analysis

Research Work Unit, Southern Research Station, U.S.

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Asheville,

NC 28802.

The Authors:
i

Foreword

This bulletin highlights the initial results of an annual inventory of South Carolina’s forest resources. Annual inventories of the

Nation’s forests are mandated by the Agricultural Research Extension and Education Reform Act of 1998 (1998 Farm Bill). The

current annual forest inventory program has several new features: (1) a nationally consistent, fixed-radius, four-point plot

configuration; (2) a systematic national sampling design featuring a base grid derived by subdividing the Environmental

Monitoring and Assessment Program grid into approximately 6,000-acre hexagons; (3) integration of the Forest Inventory and

Analysis (FIA) and Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) sampling designs; (4) annual measurement of a fixed proportion of

permanent FIA/FHM plots in each State; (5) reporting of data or data summaries within 6 months of completion of a year’s

sampling; (6) a default 5-year moving average estimator, with provisions for optional estimators based on techniques for

updating information; and (7) State inventory reports every 5 years. For additional information, you may access the national

FIA Web site at http://fia.fs.fed.us/.

The Southern Research Station’s FIA Research Work Unit and the South Carolina Forestry Commission began the new annual

inventory of South Carolina in 1998. The new inventory system measures a systematic sample comprising approximately 20

percent of all plots in the State each year. The 20-percent systematic sample is referred to as one panel of inventory data. A

panel may take more than or less than 1 year to complete. This bulletin highlights the principal findings of 3 years/panels of

plot measurements, or those inventory statistics from about 60 percent of all plots. Fieldwork began in August 1998 and was

completed in November 2000. Forest land estimates and inventory volume, growth, removals, and mortality statistics are

summarized from the data collected for these three panels. Seven previous periodic inventories completed in 1936, 1947, 1958,

1968, 1978, 1986, and 1993 provide statistics for measuring changes and trends. This bulletin primarily emphasizes changes

since 1993.

The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 authorized surveys of our Nation’s forest resources.

These surveys are part of a continuing, nationwide undertaking by the regional experiment stations of the U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service. Inventories of the 13 Southern States (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana,

Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia) and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico

are conducted by the Southern Research Station, FIA Research Work Unit, operating from its headquarters in Knoxville, TN,

and offices in Asheville, NC, and Starkville, MS. The primary objective of these appraisals is to develop and maintain the

resource information needed to formulate sound forest policies and programs.

Additional information about any aspect of this survey may be obtained from:

Forest Inventory and Analysis

Southern Research Station

4700 Old Kingston Pike

Knoxville, TN 37919

Telephone: 865–862–2000

Acknowledgments

The Southern Research Station gratefully acknowledges the South Carolina Forestry Commission for its role in collecting the

field data. We also appreciate the cooperation of other public agencies and private landowners in providing access to measurement plots.
ii
iii

Highlights ................................................................................................................................................ 1

Inventory Methods .................................................................................................................................. 3

Statistical Reliability ............................................................................................................................... 3

Definitions ............................................................................................................................................... 5

Metric Equivalents .................................................................................................................................. 9

Graphs ..................................................................................................................................................... 10

Index of Tables ........................................................................................................................................ 15

 Tables 1–30a .......................................................................................................................................... 16

a All tables in this report are available in Microsoft® Excel workbook files. Upon request, these files will be supplied

on 31⁄2-inch diskettes.

 The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement

by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service.

 Page

Table of Contents
iv

Figure 1—Forest survey regions in South Carolina.

PIEDMONT

NORTHERN

COASTAL PLAIN

SOUTHERN 

COASTAL PLAIN

Oconee

Pickens Greenville

Anderson

Spartanburg

Cherokee

York

Abbeville Greenwood

Laurens

Union Chester Lancaster Chesterfield Marlboro

Dillon

Horry

Marion

Darlington Fairfield

Newberry

McCormick Edgefield

Saluda Richland

Lexington

Aiken

Kershaw

Lee

Florence

Clarendon Williamsburg Georgetown

Barnwell Berkeley Dorchester

Allendale

Hampton

Jasper Beaufort

Colleton Charleston

Sumter

Bamberg

Orangeburg

Calhoun
1

South Carolina's

Forest Resources—2000 Update

Roger C. Conner and Raymond M. Sheffield

Highlights

This bulletin summarizes results from the first three annual

panels of data measured across the forests of South Carolina

(fig. 1). Current estimates are dated 2000 and were derived

from 60 percent of all sample plots in the State. Twenty

percent of the sample plots are scheduled to be completed

annually hereafter. A detailed analytical bulletin will be

published when all sample plots have been completed and

compiled.

Current estimates of forest area, timberland area, related

classifications such as ownership and forest type, and timber

volumes are presented and compared with previous values.

Average annual rates of growth, removals, and mortality are

summarized since the previous inventory in 1993.

Although this inventory is similar in scope to previous

inventories, it differs in sampling design and intensity,

standards and definitions, and in methods used to determine

key attributes such as stocking, forest type, and stand class.

A major change was the shift to annual inventories, in

which a portion of the samples is measured each year. By

contrast, previous inventories were periodic; all samples

were measured prior to publication of inventory estimates.

Many of the changes in methods, plot design, and sampling

intensity have been designed to provide national consistency

among FIA Research Work Units. While these changes

initially will complicate data comparison among surveys,

over the long term such comparisons will be easier and

resource trends more readily identifiable. In this bulletin we

make general comparisons where differences between

inventories can be reconciled or are considered minimal.

Resource data are presented in 30 tables and 9 graphs. A

summary of major findings follows.

Timberland area—The area of timberland declined by

142,000 acres to 12.3 million acres (see table 1). Sixty-five

percent of South Carolina was forested. Land use changes

involving forests occurred on 1.2 million acres, including

649,000 acres diverted to other land uses. A total of 205,000

acres were cleared for agriculture, 392,000 acres of timberland diverted to urban and other uses, and 51,000 acres

converted to ponds, lakes, or other impoundments.

Offsetting some of these losses were the 506,000 acres

added to the timber base, primarily due to natural regeneration and planting or seeding on nonforest land.

Ownership—Nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowners accounted for 74 percent of the timberland area (see

table 2). The NIPF owner group is composed of individual

and corporate timberland owners. Individual ownership

decreased 3 percent, from 7.3 million acres to 7.1 million

acres. Timberland under corporate ownership increased 19

percent, from 1.7 million acres to 2.0 million acres. As of

2000, almost 1 out of every 6 acres of timberland in South

Carolina was under corporate ownership. Timberland owned

by forest industry decreased 14 percent, from 2.3 million

acres to 2.0 million acres. Public ownership increased by

122,000 acres to 1.2 million acres.

Forest type—Area of timberland classed as a softwood

forest type increased by 408,000 acres to 6.0 million acres

(see table 5). Softwood forest types accounted for 48

percent of the timberland in South Carolina, an increase of

3 percent. Loblolly-shortleaf pine forest types, which rose

by 465,000 acres to 5.4 million acres, accounted for the

majority of the increase. Area of longleaf-slash pine fell

62,000 acres to 547,000 acres. Stands classified as planted

rose from 2.8 million acres to 3.1 million acres. Planted

stands made up 25 percent of the area of timberland. Among

hardwood forest types, oak-pine dropped from 1.9 million

acres to 1.4 million acres. Area in the oak-hickory foresttype group declined 4 percent to 2.4 million acres. Bottomland hardwoods (oak-gum-cypress and elm-ash-cottonwood

forest-type groups) were relatively unchanged at 2.5 million

acres.

Stand-size—Stand-size distributions showed evidence of

recovery from Hurricane Hugo, with many of the saplingseedling stands created by the storm growing into the

poletimber class. Area of timberland classified as poletimber increased 36 percent to 4.3 million acres, whereas

area of sapling-seedling stands dropped 632,000 acres to 3.8

million acres (see table 4). The area of timberland classified

as sawtimber declined 12 percent to 4.2 million acres.
2

Stand treatment—Since 1993 final harvest occurred on

209,000 acres annually; and 72 percent of the annual

harvest was on NIPF land (see table 30). Partial harvests,

seed tree cutting, and commercial thinning occurred

annually on 157,000 acres of timberland. New stands were

established on approximately 300,000 acres each year

through reforestation and afforestation. Forty-six percent of

the regeneration was due to planting or seeding and the

remainder was the result of natural regeneration. Weatherrelated damage occurred on 31,000 acres annually, while

insects, disease, and fire damaged another 56,000 acres per

year.

Softwood volume—Merchantable volume of softwood live

trees increased from 8.1 billion cubic feet to 9.2 billion

cubic feet, a rise of 14 percent (see table 14). Loblolly pine

volume increased 24 percent to 6.7 billion cubic feet,

accounting for most of the increase in softwood volume.

Since 1993, softwood volume on forest industry timberland

increased in spite of losses of forest area under this ownership. Softwood volume on forest industry timberland rose 6

percent to 1.8 billion cubic feet. Softwood volume on NIPF

timberland increased from 5.2 billion cubic feet to 6.1

billion cubic feet. Significant reductions in the volume of

slash and shortleaf pine occurred during the period, whereas

the volume of longleaf pine remained relatively stable,

dropping only 3 percent. Softwood volume on planted

stands—3.4 billion cubic feet—accounted for 37 percent of

the softwood live-tree inventory in 2000, compared with 28

percent in 1993.

Hardwood volume—There was also an increase in hardwood live-tree volume, from 9.8 billion cubic feet to 10.2

billion cubic feet. The increase was greatest on NIPF land in

cubic-foot terms, as hardwood inventory rose 482.4 million

cubic feet to 8.0 billion cubic feet. Forest industry timberland experienced a 19-percent reduction in volume of

hardwood live trees and was the only ownership to show a

loss. Oak species combined accounted for 53 percent of the

increase in hardwood volume on all ownerships, rising from

3.2 billion cubic feet to 3.5 billion cubic feet. Volume of

tupelo and blackgum live trees fell 7 percent to 1.5 billion

cubic feet. Sweetgum live-tree volume increased to nearly

2.0 billion cubic feet, an increase of 14 percent.

Growth—Net annual growth of softwood live trees almost

doubled, from 346 million cubic feet to 681 million cubic

feet per year (see table 25). Softwood growth was up on all

ownerships, reflecting the recovery from Hurricane Hugo.

Net growth on forest industry timberland increased 64

percent and averaged 211 million cubic feet per year. Net

annual growth of softwoods on NIPF land rose from an

annual rate of 208 million cubic feet to 428 million cubic

feet. Planted pine and oak-pine stands accounted for 58

percent of the softwood net growth and 40 percent of the net

growth for all species. Net annual growth of hardwood live

trees increased 67 percent to 313 million cubic feet. As with

softwoods, hardwood net growth increased on all ownerships, including a 63-percent increase to 262 million cubic

feet per year on NIPF land.

Mortality—Much of the reason for the increased net

growth since the previous survey was due to declines in

average annual mortality rates, which had been driven to

abnormally high levels by Hurricane Hugo. Annual mortality of softwood live trees decreased 72 percent, from 257

million cubic feet to 73 million cubic feet (see table 24).

Softwood mortality was down on all ownerships, declining

76 percent on NIPF land, from 165 million cubic feet to 39

million cubic feet per year. Mortality of softwoods on forest

industry timberland fell 67 percent to 13 million cubic feet

per year, and was down 61 percent on public timberland.

Hardwood annual mortality in South Carolina was also

down substantially, falling 38 percent to 119 million cubic

feet per year. Hardwood live-tree mortality on NIPF land

declined 31 percent to 93 million cubic feet, and fell from

36 million cubic feet to 15 million cubic feet annually on

forest industry timberland.

Removals—Annual removals of softwood live-tree volume

decreased 5 percent to 475 million cubic feet (see table 25).

Sixty-three percent, or 297 million cubic feet, of the

softwood removals came from NIPF land. Softwood

removals were down 9 percent on NIPF timberland. Forest

industry timberland was the only ownership to show an

increase in annual softwood removals, rising from 134

million cubic feet to 150 million cubic feet per year. Forest

industry timberland accounted for 32 percent of total

softwood removals. Removals of hardwood live trees

decreased 8 percent to 239 million cubic feet per year, and

was down on all ownerships except NIPF land. NIPF

owners provided 82 percent—196 million cubic feet—of the

hardwoods removals volume, an increase of 4 percent.

Hardwood removals from forest industry timberland

dropped 16 percent to 40 million cubic feet per year.

Hardwood removals declined 88 percent on public timberland. Hardwood volume removed from public lands—3

million cubic feet—accounted for just 1 percent of the

hardwood removals. More than one-fourth—27 percent—of

the total removals came from planted stands during the

latest inventory period, compared with 18 percent for the

previous inventory period.
3

The Southern Research Station’s FIA Research Work Unit

and the South Carolina Forestry Commission began the new

annual inventory in 1998. The overall sampling scheme for

annual inventories is a significant change from that of

previous periodic inventories. In the annual inventory

system for the South, the objective is to measure approximately 20 percent (one-fifth) of the periodic inventory plot

total across an entire State each year. This annual subsample

is referred to as a panel. The plots that are measured in a

single panel are selected to ensure systematic coverage of

individual counties. This systematic coverage includes

forest and nonforest land. Estimates of forest characteristics

can be derived using measurements from a single panel;

however, the relatively small sample yields estimates with

low precision. To achieve reliable statistics at the survey

unit and State levels, panel data sets were combined using a

moving average methodology. In South Carolina, there were

759 plots measured in panel 1, 797 plots were measured

in panel 2, and 763 plots were measured in panel 3.

Estimates from plots that sampled forest land in these three

panels were combined using the moving average procedure

to produce the statistics in this bulletin. The reliability of

estimates will improve using the moving average as all five

panels are completed. The goal is to complete measurements of all five panels in 5 years and produce a comprehensive report using the full data set.

The Southern Research Station, FIA Research Work Unit,

uses a three-phase sample of aerial photo points and

permanent ground plots. Phase 1 (remote sensing) entails

the use of aerial photography to determine the area of forest

land in each county. Phase 2 (traditional FIA estimates) is

based on a network of ground sample locations where field

crews visit physical locations of plots and collect measurements of a variety of traditional mensurational FIA variables. Phase 3 (forest health estimates) comprises approximately a 1/16th sample of the Phase 2 plots. Phase 3

measurements include the full complement of traditional

FIA variables measured on Phase 2 plots, plus additional

measurements taken on tree crowns, soils, lichens, downed

woody debris, and understory vegetation.

In Phase 1, a forest-nonforest classification was derived by

interpreting 93,369 points on aerial photographs. These

photo classifications were adjusted based on ground

observations at 4,142 sample locations. The plot installed

at each ground sample location (Phase 2) was a cluster of

four points spaced 120 feet apart. Each point served as the

center of a 1/24-acre circular subplot used to sample trees

5.0 inches in diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) and larger. A

1/300-acre microplot, located at the subplot center, was used

to sample trees 1.0 to 4.9 inches d.b.h. and seedlings (trees

less than 1.0 inch d.b.h.). These fixed-radius sample plots

were established without regard to land use or land cover.

Forest and nonforest condition classes were delineated and

recorded on each plot. Condition classes were defined by six

attributes: land use, forest type, stand origin, stand size,

forest density, and major ownership class. The process of

delineating a fixed-radius plot into numerous sections based

on forest and land use conditions is called mapping. All

trees tallied were assigned to their respective condition

class.

The cluster of four fixed plots sampled timberland at 1,647

ground sample locations in South Carolina. Estimates of

timber volume and forest classifications were derived from

tree measurements and classifications made at these

locations. Volumes for individual tally trees were computed

using equations for each of the major species in South

Carolina. Estimates of growth, removals, and mortality were

determined from the remeasurement of 1,531 permanent

sample plots established in the previous inventory. The plot

design for the previous inventory was based on a cluster of

10 points. Variable plots were systematically spaced within

a single forest condition at three to five points. At each

point, trees 5.0 inches d.b.h and larger were selected for

measurement on a variable-radius plot defined by a 37.5-

factor prism. Trees less than 5.0 inches d.b.h. were tallied

on a fixed-radius plot around points 1 through 3.

A measure of reliability of inventory statistics is provided

by sampling errors. Because the inventory statistics presented in this bulletin are based upon approximately 60

percent of all plots in the State, users should be cognizant of

the sampling errors presented in this section and utilize the

inventory statistics accordingly. FIA inventories supported

by the full complement of sample plots are designed to

achieve reliable statistics at the survey unit and State levels.

For most uses of these data, the statistics generated from 60

percent of the samples will also provide reliable statistics

for key totals at the State and survey unit levels. However,

users should note that sampling error increases as the area

or volume considered decreases in magnitude. Sampling

errors and associated confidence intervals are often unacceptably high for small components of the total resource.

Sampling errors mean that the chances are two out of three

that the true population value is within the limits indicated

Statistical Reliability

Inventory Methods
4

Thus, the sampling error is 7.77 percent, and the resulting

confidence interval (two times out of three) for softwood

live-tree inventory on forest industry land is 1,791.2 ±

139.2 million cubic feet.

= 7.77 . 

 1,791.2 

 

 19,410.3 

 2.36 

 

= SE s

, 

X s

X t

 SEt = 

SEs

Sampling errors for key resource items for each survey unit

are also provided in the following table. Statistical confidence may be computed for any subdivision of survey unit

or State total using the following formula. Sampling errors

obtained from this method are only approximations of

reliability because this process assumes constant variance

across all subdivisions of totals.

by a confidence interval. Sampling errors (in percent) and

associated confidence intervals around the sample estimates

for timberland area, inventory volumes, and components of

change are presented in the following table.

where

SEs = sampling error for subdivision of survey

unit or State total,

SEt = sampling error for survey unit or State total,

Xs = sum of values for the variable of interest

(area or volume) for subdivision of survey

unit or State,

Xt = total area or volume for survey unit or State.

For example, the estimate of sampling error for softwood

live-tree volume on forest industry land is computed as:

Item

Timberland (1,000 acres) 12,312.5 ± 57.9 0.47

All live (M ft 3

)

 Inventory 19,410.3 ± 457.9 2.36

 Net annual growth 993.8 ± 31.6 3.18

 Annual removals 713.3 ± 43.9 6.16

 Annual mortality 192.1 ± 10.6 5.52

Growing stock (M ft 3

)

 Inventory 17,701.8 ± 435.0 2.46

 Net annual growth 953.9 ± 30.4 3.18

 Annual removals 679.7 ± 42.4 6.23

 Annual mortality 152.3 ± 9.5 6.22

Sawtimber (M fbm)

 Inventory 59,523.5 ± 2,008.2 3.37

 Net annual growth 3,204.1 ± 113.0 3.53

 Annual removals 2,407.0 ± 169.2 7.03

 Annual mortality 489.8 ± 37.9 7.73

 Percent

Sample estimate

and Sampling

confidence interval error

Sampling errorsa for timberland, live trees, growing 

stock, sawtimber, and mortality, by survey unit,

South Carolina, 2000

 All Southern Northern

 survey Coastal Coastal

Resource item units Plain Plain Piedmont

Percent

Timberland 0.47 0.97 0.74 0.79

All live

Inventory 2.36 4.74 3.90 3.59

Net annual growth 3.18 5.86 5.85 4.95

Annual removals 6.16 13.05 10.32 9.36

Annual mortality 5.52 11.43 8.54 9.62

Growing stock

Inventory 2.46 4.93 4.09 3.72

Net annual growth 3.18 5.83 5.64 5.12

Annual removals 6.23 13.34 10.40 9.46

Annual mortality 6.22 13.96 9.42 10.37

Sawtimber

Inventory 3.37 6.77 5.42 5.18

Net annual growth 3.53 6.42 6.40 5.11

Annual removals 7.03 14.46 11.94 10.81

Annual mortality 7.73 16.74 11.28 14.00

a By random-sampling formula.

Survey unit
5

D.o.b. (diameter outside bark). Stem diameter including

bark.

Forest land. Land at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees

of any size, or formerly having had such tree cover, and not

currently developed for nonforest use. The minimum area

considered for classification is 1 acre. Forested strips must

be at least 120 feet wide.

Forest management type. A classification of timberland

based on forest type and stand origin.

Pine plantation. Stands that (a) have been artificially

regenerated by planting or direct seeding, (b) are

classed as a pine or other softwood forest type, and (c)

have at least 10 percent stocking.

Natural pine. Stands that (a) have not been artificially

regenerated, (b) are classed as a pine or other softwood

forest type, and (c) have at least 10 percent stocking.

Oak-pine. Stands that have at least 10 percent stocking

and classed as a forest type of oak-pine.

Upland hardwood. Stands that have at least 10 percent

stocking and classed as an oak-hickory or maplebeech-birch forest type.

Lowland hardwood. Stands that have at least 10 percent stocking with a forest type of oak-gum-cypress,

elm-ash-cottonwood, palm, or other tropical.

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent

stocked with live trees.

Forest type. A classification of forest land based on the

species forming a plurality of live-tree stocking. Major

eastern forest-type groups are:

White-red-jack pine. Forests in which eastern white

pine, red pine, or jack pine, singly or in combination,

constitute a plurality of the stocking. (Common

associates include hemlock, birch, and maple).

Spruce-fir. Forests in which spruce or true firs, singly

or in combination, constitute a plurality of the

stocking. (Common associates include maple, birch,

and hemlock).

Afforestation. Area of land previously classified as

nonforest that is converted to forest by planting trees or by

natural reversion to forest.

Average annual mortality. Average annual volume of trees

5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger that died from natural causes

during the intersurvey period.

Average annual removals. Average annual volume of trees

5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger removed from the inventory by

harvesting, cultural operations (such as timber-stand

improvement), land clearing, or changes in land use during

the intersurvey period.

Average net annual growth. Average annual net change in

volume of trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger in the absence

of cutting (gross growth minus mortality) during the

intersurvey period.

Basal area. The area in square feet of the cross section at

breast height of a single tree or of all the trees in a stand,

usually expressed in square feet per acre.

Biomass. The aboveground fresh weight of solid wood and

bark in live trees 1.0 inch d.b.h. and larger from the ground

to the tip of the tree. All foliage is excluded. The weight of

wood and bark in lateral limbs, secondary limbs, and twigs

under 0.5 inch in diameter at the point of occurrence on

sapling-size trees is included but is excluded on poletimber

and sawtimber-size trees.

Bole. That portion of a tree between a 1-foot stump and a

4-inch top d.o.b. in trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger.

Census water. Streams, sloughs, estuaries, canals, and other

moving bodies of water 200 feet wide and greater, and

lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and other permanent bodies of

water 4.5 acres in area and greater.

Commercial species. Tree species currently or potentially

suitable for industrial wood products.

D.b.h. Tree diameter in inches (outside bark) at breast

height (4.5 feet aboveground).

Diameter class. A classification of trees based on tree d.b.h.

Two-inch diameter classes are commonly used by Forest

Inventory and Analysis, with the even inch as the approximate midpoint for a class. For example, the 6-inch class

includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h.

Definitions
6

Longleaf-slash pine. Forests in which longleaf or

slash pine, singly or in combination, constitute a

plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include

oak, hickory, and gum).

Loblolly-shortleaf pine. Forests in which loblolly

pine, shortleaf pine, or other southern yellow pines,

except longleaf or slash pine, singly or in combination,

constitute a plurality of the stocking. (Common

associates include oak, hickory, and gum).

Oak-pine. Forests in which hardwoods (usually upland

oaks) constitute a plurality of the stocking but in which

pines account for 25 to 50 percent of the stocking.

(Common associates include gum, hickory, and yellowpoplar).

Oak-hickory. Forests in which upland oaks or hickory,

singly or in combination, constitute a plurality of the

stocking, except where pines account for 25 to 50

percent, in which case the stand would be classified

oak-pine. (Common associates include yellow-poplar,

elm, maple, and black walnut).

Oak-gum-cypress. Bottomland forests in which

tupelo, blackgum, sweetgum, oaks, or southern

cypress, singly or in combination, constitute a plurality

of the stocking, except where pines account for 25 to

50 percent, in which case the stand would be classified

oak-pine. (Common associates include cottonwood,

willow, ash, elm, hackberry, and maple).

Elm-ash-cottonwood. Forests in which elm, ash, or

cottonwood, singly or in combination, constitute a

plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include

willow, sycamore, beech, and maple).

Maple-beech-birch. Forests in which maple, beech,

or yellow birch, singly or in combination, constitute a

plurality of the stocking. (Common associates include

hemlock, elm, basswood, and white pine).

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent

stocked with live trees.

Forested tract size. The area of forest within the contiguous tract containing each Forest Inventory and Analysis

sample plot.

Fresh weight. Mass of tree component at time of cutting.

Gross growth. Annual increase in volume of trees 5.0

inches d.b.h. and larger in the absence of cutting and

mortality. (Gross growth includes survivor growth, ingrowth, growth on ingrowth, growth on removals before

removal, and growth on mortality before death).

Growing-stock trees. Living trees of commercial species

classified as sawtimber, poletimber, saplings, and seedlings.

Trees must contain at least one 12-foot or two 8-foot logs in

the saw-log portion, currently or potentially (if too small to

qualify), to be classed as growing stock. The log(s) must

meet dimension and merchantability standards to qualify.

Trees must also have, currently or potentially, one-third of

the gross board-foot volume in sound wood.

Growing-stock volume. The cubic-foot volume of sound

wood in growing-stock trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. from a

1-foot stump to a minimum 4.0-inch top d.o.b. of the central

stem.

Hardwoods. Dicotyledonous trees, usually broadleaf and

deciduous.

Soft hardwoods. Hardwood species with an average

specific gravity of 0.50 or less, such as gums, yellowpoplar, cottonwoods, red maple, basswoods, and

willows.

Hard hardwoods. Hardwood species with an average

specific gravity greater than 0.50 such as oaks, hard

maples, hickories, and beech.

Industrial wood. All roundwood products except fuelwood.

Land area. The area of dry land and land temporarily or

partly covered by water, such as marshes, swamps, and river

floodplains (omitting tidal flats below mean high tide),

streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than 200 feet

wide, and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 4.5 acres in

area.

Live trees. All living trees. All size classes, all tree classes,

and both commercial and noncommercial species are

included.

Log grade. A classification of logs based on external

characteristics indicating quality or value.

Logging residues. The unused merchantable portion of

growing-stock trees cut or destroyed during logging

operations.
7

Net annual change. Increase or decrease in volume of live

trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. Net annual change is equal to

net annual growth minus average annual removals.

Noncommercial species. Tree species of typically small

size, poor form, or inferior quality that normally do not

develop into trees suitable for industrial wood products.

Nonforest land. Land that has never supported forests and

land formerly forested where timber production is precluded

by development for other uses.

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent stocked

with live trees.

Other forest land. Forest land other than timberland and

productive reserved forest land. It includes available and

reserved forest land which is incapable of producing

annually 20 cubic feet per acre of industrial wood under

natural conditions, because of adverse site conditions such

as sterile soils, dry climate, poor drainage, high elevation,

steepness, or rockiness.

Other removals. The growing-stock volume of trees

removed from the inventory by cultural operations such as

timber stand improvement, land clearing, and other changes

in land use, resulting in the removal of the trees from

timberland.

Ownership. The property owned by one ownership unit,

including all parcels of land in the United States.

National forest land. Federal land that has been legally

designated as national forests or purchase units, and

other land under the administration of the Forest

Service, including experimental areas and BankheadJones Title III land.

Forest industry land. Land owned by companies or

individuals operating primary wood-using plants.

Nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) land. Privately

owned land excluding forest industry land or forest

industry-leased land.

Corporate. Owned by corporations, including

incorporated farm ownerships.

Individual. All lands owned by individuals,

including farm operators.

Other public. An ownership class that includes all

public lands except national forests.

Miscellaneous Federal land. Federal land other

than national forests.

State, county, and municipal land. Land owned by

States, counties, and local public agencies or

municipalities or land leased to these governmental

units for 50 years or more.

Plant residues. Wood material generated in the production

of timber products at primary manufacturing plants.

Coarse residues. Material, such as slabs, edgings,

trim, veneer cores and ends, suitable for chipping.

Fine residues. Material, such as sawdust, shavings,

and veneer chippings, not suitable for chipping.

Plant byproducts. Residues (coarse or fine) used in

the manufacture of industrial products or for consumer

use or as fuel.

Unused plant residues. Residues (coarse or fine) not

used for any product, including fuel.

Poletimber-size trees. Softwoods 5.0 to 8.9 inches d.b.h.

and hardwoods 5.0 to 10.9 inches d.b.h.

Primary wood-using plants. Industries receiving roundwood or chips from roundwood for the manufacture of

products, such as veneer, pulp, and lumber.

Productive-reserved forest land. Forest land sufficiently

productive to qualify as timberland but withdrawn from

timber utilization through statute or administrative regulation.

Reforestation. Area of land previously classified as forest that

is regenerated by planting trees or natural regeneration.

Rotten trees. Live trees of commercial species not containing

at least one 12-foot saw log, or two noncontiguous saw logs,

each 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, primarily because

of rot or missing sections, and with less than one-third of the

gross board-foot tree volume in sound material.

Rough trees. Live trees of commercial species not containing

at least one 12-foot saw log, or two noncontiguous saw logs,

each 8 feet or longer, now or prospectively, primarily because
8

Select white oaks. A group of several white oak species

composed of white, swamp chestnut, swamp white,

chinkapin, Durand, and bur oaks. Other white oak species

are included in the "other white oaks" group.

Site class. A classification of forest land in terms of

potential capacity to grow crops of industrial wood based on

fully stocked natural stands.

Softwoods. Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, having

leaves that are needles or scalelike.

Yellow pines. Loblolly, longleaf, slash, pond,

shortleaf, pitch, Virginia, sand, spruce, and Table

Mountain pines.

Other softwoods. Cypress, eastern redcedar, whitecedar, eastern white pine, eastern hemlock, spruce, and

fir.

Stand age. The average age of dominant and codominant

trees in the stand.

Stand origin. A classification of forest stands describing

their means of origin.

Planted. Planted or artificially seeded.

Natural. No evidence of artificial regeneration.

Stand-size class. A classification of forest land based on the

diameter class distribution of live trees in the stand.

Sawtimber stands. Stands at least 10 percent

stocked with live trees, with half or more of total

stocking in sawtimber and poletimber trees, and with

sawtimber stocking at least equal to poletimber

stocking.

Poletimber stands. Stands at least 10 percent stocked

with live trees, of which half or more of total stocking

is in poletimber and sawtimber trees, and with poletimber stocking exceeding that of sawtimber.

Sapling-seedling stands. Stands at least 10 percent

stocked with live trees of which more than half of

total stocking is saplings and seedlings.

Nonstocked stands. Stands less than 10 percent

stocked with live trees.

of roughness, poor form, splits, and cracks, and with less than

one-third of the gross board-foot tree volume in sound

material; and live trees of noncommercial species.

Roundwood (roundwood logs). Logs, bolts, or other round

sections cut from trees for industrial or consumer uses.

Roundwood chipped. Any timber cut primarily for pulpwood, delivered to nonpulpmills, chipped, and then sold to

pulpmills as residues, including chipped tops, jump sections, whole trees, and pulpwood sticks.

Roundwood products. Any primary product such as

lumber, poles, pilings, pulp, or fuelwood, that is produced

from roundwood.

Salvable dead trees. Standing or downed dead trees that

were formerly growing stock and considered merchantable.

Trees must be at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. to qualify.

Saplings. Live trees 1.0 to 5.0 inches d.b.h.

Saw log. A log meeting minimum standards of diameter,

length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound

and straight, with a minimum diameter inside bark for

softwoods of 6 inches (8 inches for hardwoods).

Saw-log portion. The part of the bole of sawtimber trees

between a 1-foot stump and the saw-log top.

Saw-log top. The point on the bole of sawtimber trees

above which a conventional saw log cannot be produced.

The minimum saw-log top is 7.0 inches d.o.b. for softwoods

and 9.0 inches d.o.b. for hardwoods.

Sawtimber-size trees. Softwoods 9.0 inches d.b.h. and

larger and hardwoods 11.0 inches d.b.h. and larger.

Sawtimber volume. Growing-stock volume in the sawlog portion of sawtimber-size trees in board feet

(International 1/4-inch rule).

Seedlings. Trees less than 1.0 inch d.b.h. and greater than

1 foot tall for hardwoods, greater than 6 inches tall for

softwood, and greater than 0.5 inch in diameter at ground

level for longleaf pine.

Select red oaks. A group of several red oak species composed of cherrybark, Shumard, and northern red oaks. Other

red oak species are included in the "other red oaks" group.
9

Stocking. The degree of occupancy of land by trees,

measured by basal area or the number of trees in a stand and

spacing in the stand, compared with a minimum standard,

depending on tree size, required to fully utilize the growth

potential of the land.

Density of trees and basal area per acre required for full

stocking

D.b.h. Trees per acre Basal area

class for full stocking per acre

Seedlings 600 —

2 560 —

4 460 —

6 340 67

8 240 84

10 155 85

12 115 90

14 90 96

16 72 101

18 60 106

20 51 111

Timberland. Forest land capable of producing 20 cubic feet

of industrial wood per acre per year and not withdrawn

from timber utilization.

Timber products. Roundwood products and byproducts.

Tree. Woody plants having one erect perennial stem or

trunk at least 3 inches d.b.h., a more or less definitely

formed crown of foliage, and a height of at least 13 feet (at

maturity).

Tree grade. A classification of the saw-log portion of

sawtimber trees based on: (1) the grade of the butt log or (2)

the ability to produce at least one 12-foot or two 8-foot logs

in the upper section of the saw-log portion. Tree grade is an

indicator of quality; grade 1 is the best quality.

Upper-stem portion. The part of the main stem or fork of

sawtimber trees above the saw-log top to minimum top

diameter 4.0 inches outside bark or to the point where the

main stem or fork breaks into limbs.

Volume of live trees. The cubic-foot volume of sound wood

in live trees at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. from a 1-foot stump to

a minimum 4.0-inch top d.o.b. of the central stem.

Volume of saw-log portion of sawtimber trees. The cubicfoot volume of sound wood in the saw-log portion of

sawtimber trees. Volume is the net result after deductions

for rot, sweep, and other defects that affect use for lumber.

1 acre = 4,046.86 square meters or 0.404686 hectare

1 cubic foot = 0.028317 cubic meter

1 inch = 2.54 centimeters or 0.0254 meter

Breast height = 1.4 meters above the ground

1 square foot = 929.03 square centimeters or 0.0929 square meter

1 square foot per acre basal area = 0.229568 square meter per hectare

1 pound = 0.454 kilogram

1 ton = 0.907 metric ton

Metric Equivalents
10

Figure 3—Area of timberland by forest management type, South Carolina, 1993 and 2000.

Figure 2—Distribution of timberland by ownership class, South Carolina, 2000.

Graphs

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Forest management type

Million acres

1993

2000

Planted pineoak pineNatural pineoak pineUpland

hardwood

Lowland

hardwood

Nonstocked

Nonindustrial

private

74%

National

forest

5%

Other

public

5%

Forest

industry

16%

12.3 Million acres
11

Figure 4—Area of timberland by stand-size class and stand origin, South Carolina, 1993 and 2000.

Figure 5—Volume of live trees on timberland by species group and stand origin, South Carolina, 1993 and 2000.

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Stand-size class

Million acres

 Natural

 Planted

1993

1993

1993

2000

2000

 Sawtimber Poletimber Sapling–seedling Nonstocked

1993

2000

2000

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Billion cubic feet

 Natural

 Planted

1993 2000 1993 2000

Softwood Hardwood
12

Figure 6—Distribution of softwood live tree volume by ownership class, South Carolina, 2000.

Figure 7—Distribution of hardwood live tree volume by ownership class, South Carolina, 2000.

Public

14%

Forest

industry

19%

Nonindustrial

private

67%

9.2 Billion cubic feet

Nonindustrial

private

79%

Public

10%

Forest

industry

11%

10.2 Billion cubic feet
13

Figure 8—Volume of softwood live trees on timberland by diameter class, South Carolina, 1993 and 2000.

Figure 9—Volume of hardwood live trees on timberland by diameter class, South Carolina, 1993 and 2000.

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20+

Diameter class (inches)

Billion cubic feet

1993

2000

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20+

Diameter class (inches)

Billion cubic feet

1993

2000
14

Figure 10—Average net annual growth and removals of live trees on timberland by species group and stand origin,

South Carolina, 1986–1992 and 1993–1999.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Million cubic feet

 Natural

 Planted

Softwood

Hardwood

 Net growth Removals Net growth Removals

1986– 

1992

1993– 

1999

1993– 

1999

1986– 

1992

1993– 

1999

1986– 

1992

1993– 

1999

1986– 

1992
15

Index of Tables

1. Land area by survey unit and land class

2. Area of timberland by survey unit and ownership class

3. Area of timberland by survey unit and forest-type

group

4. Area of timberland by survey unit and stand-size class

5. Area of timberland by forest-type group, stand origin,

and ownership class

6. Number of live trees on timberland by species group

and diameter class

7. Number of growing-stock trees on timberland by

species group and diameter class

8. Volume of live trees on timberland by species group

and diameter class

9. Volume of growing-stock trees on timberland by

species group and diameter class

10. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by species group

and diameter class

11. Volume of live trees on timberland by survey unit and

species group

12. Volume of growing stock on timberland by survey unit

and species group

13. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by survey unit and

species group

14. Volume of live and growing-stock trees on timberland

by ownership class and species group

15. Volume of sawtimber on timberland by ownership

class, species group, and size class

16. Volume of growing stock on timberland by forest-type

group, stand origin, and species group

17. Average net annual growth of live trees on timberland

by survey unit and species group

18. Average net annual growth of growing stock on

timberland by survey unit and species group

19. Average net annual growth of sawtimber on timberland

by survey unit and species group

20. Average annual removals of live trees on timberland by

survey unit and species group

21. Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by survey unit and species group

22. Average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland

by survey unit and species group

23. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of live trees, growing stock, and sawtimber on

timberland by species group

24. Average annual mortality of live trees, growing stock,

and sawtimber on timberland by species group

25. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of live trees on timberland by ownership class

and species group

26. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of growing stock on timberland by ownership

class and species group

27. Average net annual growth and average annual

removals of sawtimber on timberland by ownership

class and species group

28. Average net annual growth of growing stock on

timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and

species group

29. Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and species

group

30. Area of timberland treated or disturbed annually and

retained in timberland by treatment or disturbance and

ownership class
16

Table 1—Land area by survey unit and land class, South Carolina, 2000

Total land Total Productive Other

Survey unit areaa forest Timberland reserved Other landb

 Thousand acres

Southern Coastal Plain 5,144.6 3,364.3 3,342.2 22.1 — 1,780.4 

Northern Coastal Plain 7,426.2 4,622.3 4,541.6 80.7 — 2,803.9 

Piedmont 6,691.5 4,520.0 4,428.7 91.3 — 2,171.6 

 All units 19,262.4 12,506.6 12,312.5 194.1 — 6,755.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

a From the U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1990.

b

 Includes 60.4 thousand acres of water according to Forest Inventory and Analysis standards of area 

classification, but defined by the Bureau of the Census as land.

Forest land

Table 2—Area of timberland by survey unit and ownership class, South Carolina, 2000

Ownership class

 All National Other Forest Nonindustrial

Survey unit classes forest public industry private

Thousand acres

Southern Coastal Plain 3,342.2 — 207.5 572.6 2,562.0 

Northern Coastal Plain 4,541.6 247.0 328.2 858.3 3,108.1 

Piedmont 4,428.7 329.1 124.2 563.1 3,412.4 

 All units 12,312.5 576.1 659.9 1,994.0 9,082.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

Table 3—Area of timberland by survey unit and forest-type group, South Carolina, 2000

Forest-type group

All White-red- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Oak- Oak-gum- Elm-ash- Tropical

Survey unit groups jack pine slash shortleaf pine hickory cypress cottonwood hardwood Nonstocked

Thousand acres

Southern Coastal Plain 3,342.2 — 267.5 1,435.2 357.0 407.2 813.1 59.7 1.7 0.6 

Northern Coastal Plain 4,541.6 — 279.3 1,903.4 402.1 519.3 1,204.0 183.2 — 50.3 

Piedmont 4,428.7 9.8 — 2,074.0 668.0 1,466.5 63.2 145.2 — 2.0 

 All units 12,312.5 9.8 546.8 5,412.6 1,427.1 2,393.0 2,080.3 388.2 1.7 52.9 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.
17

Table 4—Area of timberland by survey unit and stand-size class, South Carolina, 2000

Stand-size class

All SaplingSurvey unit classes Sawtimber Poletimber seedling

Thousand acres

Southern Coastal Plain 3,342.2 1,263.4 1,060.1 1,018.1 0.6 

Northern Coastal Plain 4,541.6 1,304.3 1,643.0 1,544.1 50.3 

Piedmont 4,428.7 1,601.9 1,559.1 1,265.7 2.0 

 All units 12,312.5 4,169.6 4,262.1 3,827.9 52.9 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Nonstocked

Table 5—Area of timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and ownership class,

South Carolina, 2000

Ownership class

Forest-type group All Other Forest Nonindustrial

and stand origin classes public industry private

Thousand acres

Softwood types

 White–red–jack pine

 Planted 1.6 — 1.6 — — 

 Natural 8.2 — 6.6 — 1.6 

 Total 9.8 — 8.2 — 1.6 

 Longleaf-slash pine

 Planted 176.0 — 57.8 12.3 105.9 

 Natural 370.8 14.4 110.6 15.7 230.1 

 Total 546.8 14.4 168.4 28.0 336.0 

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine

 Planted 2,872.0 89.8 58.0 1,134.5 1,589.7 

 Natural 2,540.6 255.6 154.0 131.0 2,000.1 

 Total 5,412.6 345.5 211.9 1,265.4 3,589.7 

 Total softwoods 5,969.2 359.9 388.5 1,293.4 3,927.4 

Hardwood types

 Oak-pine

 Planted 53.2 — — 7.3 45.9 

 Natural 1,373.9 24.4 50.9 86.8 1,211.8 

 Total 1,427.1 24.4 50.9 94.0 1,257.7 

 Oak-hickory 2,393.0 112.2 92.2 149.6 2,039.0 

 Oak-gum-cypress 2,080.3 59.3 118.6 346.3 1,556.0 

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 388.2 20.3 7.8 87.1 272.9 

 Tropical hardwood 1.7 — 1.7 — — 

 Total hardwoods 6,290.3 216.3 271.4 677.0 5,125.7 

Nonstocked — 52.9 — 23.6 29.4 

All groups 576.1 12,312.5 659.9 1,994.0 9,082.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

National

forest
18

Table 6—Number of live trees on timberland by species group and diameter class, South Carolina, 2000

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

All 1.0– 3.0– 5.0– 7.0– 9.0– 11.0– 13.0– 15.0– 17.0– 19.0– 21.0– 29.0 and

Species group classes 2.9 4.9 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Thousand trees

Softwood

 Yellow pine 2,719,336 1,145,606 619,506 433,844 265,288 120,885 61,016 33,882 20,222 10,273 5,318 3,381 114 

 Other softwoods 211,607 116,212 38,499 20,739 13,637 8,298 5,233 3,932 2,658 1,225 583 337 254 

 All softwoods 2,930,943 1,261,818 658,005 454,583 278,925 129,183 66,249 37,814 22,880 11,498 5,901 3,718 368 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 3,109,828 2,165,253 461,458 197,386 108,767 66,834 42,939 25,742 19,211 9,806 6,050 5,518 866 

 Hard hardwood 2,680,762 1,869,024 417,591 159,303 91,384 54,610 31,887 21,593 13,570 7,630 5,418 7,321 1,432 

 All hardwoods 5,790,590 4,034,277 879,049 356,689 200,151 121,444 74,826 47,335 32,781 17,436 11,468 12,839 2,298 

All species 5,296,095 8,721,533 1,537,054 811,272 479,075 250,627 141,075 85,149 55,661 28,934 17,369 16,556 2,666 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 7—Number of growing-stock trees on timberland by species group and diameter class, South Carolina, 2000

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

All 1.0– 3.0– 5.0– 7.0– 9.0– 11.0– 13.0– 15.0– 17.0– 19.0– 21.0– 29.0 and

Species group classes 2.9 4.9 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Thousand trees

Softwood

 Yellow pine 2,365,455 890,568 562,767 410,913 255,616 114,367 59,628 33,089 19,747 10,089 5,220 3,339 114 

 Other softwoods 148,455 67,901 31,122 17,229 11,580 7,406 4,865 3,540 2,559 1,178 583 238 254 

 All softwoods 2,513,910 958,469 593,889 428,142 267,196 121,773 64,493 36,629 22,306 11,267 5,803 3,577 368 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 1,478,846 827,385 274,377 142,659 87,567 55,210 35,416 21,746 16,585 7,992 5,148 4,283 477 

 Hard hardwood 866,228 396,234 185,050 100,756 66,811 44,520 25,688 18,231 11,389 5,912 4,600 6,066 972 

 All hardwoods 2,345,074 1,223,619 459,427 243,415 154,378 99,730 61,104 39,977 27,974 13,904 9,748 10,349 1,449 

All species 2,182,089 4,858,984 1,053,315 671,557 421,574 221,503 125,596 76,606 50,280 25,171 15,550 13,926 1,817 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
19

Table 8—Volume of live trees on timberland by species group and diameter class, South Carolina, 2000

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

All 5.0– 7.0– 9.0– 11.0– 13.0– 15.0– 17.0– 19.0– 21.0– 29.0 and

Species group classes 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million cubic feet

Softwood

 Yellow pine 8,466.0 1,012.6 1,550.1 1,417.2 1,202.0 1,023.8 863.5 584.3 388.9 392.3 31.1 

 Other softwoods 728.0 58.5 87.5 98.0 97.6 103.8 95.5 58.6 36.0 27.3 65.1 

 All softwoods 9,194.0 1,071.1 1,637.6 1,515.2 1,299.6 1,127.6 959.1 642.9 424.9 419.6 96.3 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 5,541.7 502.7 670.0 754.2 789.3 666.6 692.0 472.0 365.7 484.7 144.7 

 Hard hardwood 4,674.6 390.3 519.7 587.7 553.9 567.8 489.0 350.2 320.8 663.6 231.6 

 All hardwoods 10,216.3 892.9 1,189.7 1,341.8 1,343.2 1,234.5 1,181.0 822.2 686.4 1,148.2 376.3 

All species 19,410.3 1,964.0 2,827.3 2,857.1 2,642.8 2,362.1 2,140.1 1,465.1 1,111.3 1,567.8 472.6 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 9—Volume of growing-stock trees on timberland by species group and diameter class, South Carolina, 2000

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

All 5.0– 7.0– 9.0– 11.0– 13.0– 15.0– 17.0– 19.0– 21.0– 29.0 and

Species group classes 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million cubic feet

Softwood

 Yellow pine 8,252.7 969.5 1,503.8 1,359.7 1,179.6 1,006.6 850.8 576.5 384.5 390.6 31.1 

 Other softwoods 678.1 50.0 76.9 89.4 92.9 96.1 93.5 57.5 36.0 20.7 65.1 

 All softwoods 8,930.8 1,019.5 1,580.7 1,449.1 1,272.5 1,102.7 944.3 634.0 420.4 411.3 96.3 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 4,781.0 386.2 566.6 654.6 688.0 591.6 633.3 414.4 332.4 419.3 94.6 

 Hard hardwood 3,990.0 272.7 409.6 507.7 475.9 499.6 435.3 301.4 297.4 604.2 186.3 

 All hardwoods 8,771.0 658.8 976.2 1,162.3 1,163.9 1,091.2 1,068.7 715.8 629.8 1,023.5 280.8 

All species 1,678.3 17,701.8 2,556.9 2,611.4 2,436.4 2,193.9 2,013.0 1,349.8 1,050.2 1,434.9 377.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
20

Table 10—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by species group and diameter class, South Carolina, 2000

Diameter class (inches at breast height)

All 9.0– 11.0– 13.0– 15.0– 17.0– 19.0– 21.0– 29.0 and

Species group classes 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 larger

Million board feet

Softwood

 Yellow pine 29,110.4 4,959.7 5,334.0 5,207.1 4,812.7 3,477.2 2,433.7 2,649.8 236.1 

 Other softwoods 2,576.2 290.1 365.3 426.0 459.5 294.5 195.4 118.8 426.5 

 All softwoods 31,686.6 5,249.8 5,699.4 5,633.1 5,272.2 3,771.7 2,629.0 2,768.7 662.7 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 14,572.5 — 2,342.8 2,381.5 2,901.2 2,093.9 1,771.3 2,467.0 614.8 

 Hard hardwood 13,264.5 — 1,690.8 2,059.7 1,981.4 1,464.2 1,528.3 3,380.9 1,159.3 

 All hardwoods 27,837.0 — 4,033.5 4,441.2 4,882.6 3,558.0 3,299.6 5,847.9 1,774.1 

All species 5,249.8 59,523.5 9,732.9 10,074.2 10,154.8 7,329.8 5,928.6 8,616.6 2,436.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

Table 12—Volume of growing stock on timberland by survey unit and species group, South Carolina, 2000

 Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Southern Coastal Plain 5,401.1 2,979.1 2,710.1 269.0 2,422.1 1,403.9 1,018.2 

Northern Coastal Plain 5,809.8 2,975.7 2,646.6 329.1 2,834.1 1,860.0 974.1 

Piedmont 6,490.8 2,976.0 2,896.0 80.0 3,514.8 1,517.1 1,997.7 

 All units 17,701.8 8,930.8 8,252.7 678.1 8,771.0 4,781.0 3,990.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 11—Volume of live trees on timberland by survey unit and species group, South Carolina, 2000

 Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Southern Coastal Plain 5,943.2 3,054.7 2,775.3 279.4 2,888.5 1,652.0 1,236.5 

Northern Coastal Plain 6,443.7 3,052.9 2,712.3 340.6 3,390.8 2,198.3 1,192.5 

Piedmont 7,023.4 3,086.3 2,978.4 107.9 3,937.0 1,691.4 2,245.6 

 All units 19,410.3 9,194.0 8,466.0 728.0 10,216.3 5,541.7 4,674.6 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
21

Table 13—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by survey unit and species group, South Carolina, 2000

 Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million board feet

Southern Coastal Plain 18,531.0 10,719.2 9,576.0 1,143.1 7,811.8 4,257.3 3,554.5 

Northern Coastal Plain 19,134.0 10,850.2 9,582.0 1,268.3 8,283.7 5,093.9 3,189.9 

Piedmont 21,858.6 10,117.2 9,952.4 164.8 11,741.4 5,221.3 6,520.1 

 All units 59,523.5 31,686.6 29,110.4 2,576.2 27,837.0 14,572.5 13,264.5 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 14—Volume of live and growing-stock trees on timberland by ownership class and species group,

South Carolina, 2000

 Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Live trees (million cubic feet)

National forest 987.0 571.3 518.9 52.4 415.7 239.7 176.0 

Other public 1,374.9 737.2 691.5 45.7 637.8 334.1 303.6 

Forest industry 2,950.0 1,791.2 1,701.0 90.2 1,158.8 699.3 459.5 

Nonindustrial private 14,098.3 6,094.3 5,554.6 539.7 8,004.0 4,268.4 3,735.5 

 All classes 19,410.3 9,194.0 8,466.0 728.0 10,216.3 5,541.7 4,674.6 

Growing-stock trees (million cubic feet)

National forest 934.6 562.5 512.6 50.0 372.1 221.0 151.1 

Other public 1,289.4 728.5 683.0 45.5 560.9 307.8 253.1 

Forest industry 2,708.7 1,736.8 1,654.7 82.2 971.9 584.9 386.9 

Nonindustrial private 12,769.1 5,902.9 5,402.5 500.5 6,866.1 3,667.2 3,198.9 

 All classes 17,701.8 8,930.8 8,252.7 678.1 8,771.0 4,781.0 3,990.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
22

Table 15—Volume of sawtimber on timberland by ownership class, species group, and size class,

South Carolina, 2000

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

All size classes (million board feet)

National forest 3,756.8 2,449.5 2,202.4 247.1 1,307.3 880.9 426.5 

Other public 5,226.6 3,308.0 3,226.8 81.2 1,918.6 1,029.5 889.1 

Forest industry 7,641.3 4,528.1 4,224.5 303.6 3,113.2 1,682.2 1,431.0 

Nonindustrial private 42,898.8 21,401.0 19,456.7 1,944.2 21,497.8 10,979.8 10,518.0 

 All classes 59,523.5 31,686.6 29,110.4 2,576.2 27,837.0 14,572.5 13,264.5 

Trees  15.0 inches d.b.h.(million board feet)

National forest 2,553.3 1,528.4 1,312.4 216.0 1,024.9 749.1 275.9 

Other public 3,230.4 1,777.6 1,772.7 4.9 1,452.9 707.5 745.4 

Forest industry 3,609.4 1,340.0 1,213.4 126.5 2,269.4 1,108.3 1,161.1 

Nonindustrial private 25,073.5 10,458.4 9,311.1 1,147.3 14,615.1 7,283.4 7,331.7 

 All classes 34,466.6 15,104.3 13,609.6 1,494.7 19,362.3 9,848.2 9,514.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
23

Table 16—Volume of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin, and species group,

South Carolina, 2000

Softwoods Hardwoods

Forest-type group All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

and stand origin species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Softwood types

 White-red-jack pine

 Planted 6.0 4.9 4.9 — 1.0 1.0 — 

 Natural 21.0 4.8 4.6 0.2 16.2 4.7 11.5 

 Total 26.9 9.7 9.5 0.2 17.3 5.7 11.5 

 Longleaf-slash pine

 Planted 145.2 140.9 140.0 0.9 4.3 2.4 2.0 

 Natural 474.5 446.6 446.6 — 27.9 6.1 21.8 

 Total 619.7 587.5 586.6 0.9 32.2 8.4 23.8 

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine

 Planted 3,250.6 3,094.2 3,083.5 10.7 156.3 79.0 77.3 

 Natural 3,772.0 3,131.8 3,091.8 40.1 640.1 319.0 321.1 

 Total 7,022.5 6,226.1 6,175.3 50.8 796.4 398.0 398.5 

 Total softwoods 7,669.2 6,823.3 6,771.4 51.9 845.9 412.1 433.8 

Hardwood types

 Oak-pine

 Planted 26.7 6.5 6.5 0.1 20.2 13.7 6.5 

 Natural 1,598.6 827.9 807.2 20.7 770.7 261.7 509.0 

 Total 1,625.3 834.4 813.6 20.8 790.9 275.4 515.5 

 Oak-hickory 3,585.0 452.7 414.7 38.0 3,132.3 1,339.8 1,792.5 

 Oak-gum-cypress 4,175.6 792.8 240.3 552.5 3,382.8 2,384.7 998.1 

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 639.6 25.4 11.1 14.3 614.2 364.1 250.1 

 Tropical hardwood 0.1 0.1 0.1 — — — — 

 Total hardwoods 10,025.6 2,105.3 1,479.8 625.5 7,920.3 4,364.0 3,556.3 

Nonstocked 2.2 7.0 1.5 0.7 4.8 4.8 — 

All groups 8,930.8 17,701.8 8,252.7 678.1 8,771.0 4,781.0 3,990.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.
24

Table 17—Average net annual growth of live trees on timberland by survey unit and species group,

South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All Hard

Survey unit species hardwood

Million cubic feet

Southern Coastal Plain 323.0 235.1 229.8 5.3 87.8 42.6 45.2 

Northern Coastal Plain 327.4 239.9 234.0 5.8 87.5 54.4 33.1 

Piedmont 343.4 205.5 202.9 2.6 137.9 62.2 75.7 

 All units 993.8 680.5 666.7 13.8 313.3 159.2 154.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

All

softwood

Yellow

pine

Soft

hardwood

 Other

 softwood

All

hardwood

Table 18—Average net annual growth of growing stock on timberland by survey unit and 

species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Southern Coastal Plain 308.9 226.9 222.0 4.9 82.0 39.2 42.8 

Northern Coastal Plain 319.9 235.9 230.1 5.8 84.0 52.0 32.0 

Piedmont 325.2 198.8 196.7 2.1 126.4 55.0 71.3 

 All units 953.9 661.6 648.8 12.8 292.4 146.2 146.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 19—Average net annual growth of sawtimber on timberland by survey unit and species group,

South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million board feet

Southern Coastal Plain 1,036.4 720.2 690.5 29.7 316.1 143.3 172.8 

Northern Coastal Plain 1,076.3 786.8 762.9 23.9 289.5 159.9 129.6 

Piedmont 1,091.5 583.0 575.3 7.7 508.5 209.8 298.7 

 All units 3,204.1 2,090.0 2,028.7 61.3 1,114.1 513.0 601.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
25

Table 20—Average annual removals of live trees on timberland by survey unit and species group,

South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Southern Coastal Plain 191.2 115.1 110.2 4.9 76.1 39.9 36.2 

Northern Coastal Plain 259.1 165.1 164.3 0.8 94.1 57.5 36.6 

Piedmont 262.9 194.4 192.5 1.9 68.6 27.0 41.6 

 All units 713.3 474.6 467.0 7.5 238.8 124.4 114.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 21—Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by survey unit and species group,

South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Southern Coastal Plain 180.7 114.6 110.1 4.5 66.2 35.1 31.0 

Northern Coastal Plain 241.7 163.4 162.8 0.6 78.3 47.5 30.7 

Piedmont 257.3 193.3 191.4 1.9 63.9 25.5 38.5 

 All units 679.7 471.3 464.3 7.0 208.4 108.2 100.2 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 22—Average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland by survey unit and species group,

South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Survey unit species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million board feet

Southern Coastal Plain 657.7 437.9 416.3 21.5 219.8 118.4 101.4 

Northern Coastal Plain 899.4 663.4 660.7 2.7 236.0 134.4 101.7 

Piedmont 849.9 684.5 683.4 1.1 165.5 69.2 96.2 

 All units 2,407.0 1,785.7 1,760.4 25.3 621.3 322.0 299.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
26

Table 23—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of live trees, growing stock, and

sawtimber on timberland by species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Live trees Growing stock Sawtimber

Net Net Net

annual Annual annual Annual annual Annual

Species group growth removals growth removals growth removals

Million cubic feet Million board feet

Softwood

 Yellow pine 666.7 467.0 648.8 464.3 2,028.7 1,760.4 

 Other softwoods 13.8 7.5 12.8 7.0 61.3 25.3 

 All softwoods 680.5 474.6 661.6 471.3 2,090.0 1,785.7 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 159.2 124.4 146.2 108.2 513.0 322.0 

 Hard hardwood 154.0 114.4 146.1 100.2 601.1 299.3 

 All hardwoods 313.3 238.8 292.4 208.4 1,114.1 621.3 

All species 713.3 993.8 953.9 679.7 3,204.1 2,407.0 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Table 24—Average annual mortality of live trees, growing stock, and sawtimber

on timberland by species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Species group Live trees Growing stock Sawtimber

 Million cubic feet Million board feet

Softwood

 Yellow pine 69.3 67.7 230.2 

 Other softwoods 3.4 3.2 8.7 

 All softwoods 72.8 70.9 238.9 

Hardwood

 Soft hardwood 57.8 37.2 107.8 

 Hard hardwood 61.6 44.1 143.0 

 All hardwoods 119.4 81.3 250.9 

All species 152.3 192.1 489.8 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.
27

Table 25—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of live trees on timberland by

ownership class and species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

 All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Average net annual growth (million cubic feet)

National forest 18.0 12.1 12.0 0.1 5.9 2.8 3.1 

Other public 46.1 29.5 28.1 1.4 16.6 7.3 9.3 

Forest industry 239.7 210.9 209.2 1.7 28.8 16.5 12.3 

Nonindustrial private 690.0 428.0 417.4 10.6 262.0 132.6 129.4 

 All classes 993.8 680.5 666.7 13.8 313.3 159.2 154.0 

Average annual removals (million cubic feet)

National forest 7.4 6.4 6.4 — 1.0 0.4 0.6 

Other public 23.3 21.4 21.4 — 1.9 0.5 1.3 

Forest industry 190.0 149.5 146.9 2.7 40.4 24.4 16.0 

Nonindustrial private 492.7 297.2 292.3 4.9 195.5 99.1 96.4 

 All classes 713.3 474.6 467.0 7.5 238.8 124.4 114.4 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

Table 26—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by

ownership class and species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Average net annual growth (million cubic feet)

National forest 17.3 11.8 11.6 0.2 5.5 2.2 3.3 

Other public 44.4 28.9 27.5 1.4 15.6 6.5 9.1 

Forest industry 232.9 204.9 203.2 1.7 28.0 16.0 12.0 

Nonindustrial private 659.3 416.0 406.4 9.6 243.3 121.6 121.8 

 All classes 953.9 661.6 648.8 12.8 292.4 146.2 146.1 

Average annual removals (million cubic feet)

National forest 7.2 6.4 6.4 — 0.8 0.4 0.4 

Other public 22.2 20.9 20.9 — 1.4 0.5 0.8 

Forest industry 182.1 148.6 146.3 2.4 33.5 20.2 13.3 

Nonindustrial private 468.2 295.4 290.8 4.6 172.8 87.1 85.7 

 All classes 679.7 471.3 464.3 7.0 208.4 108.2 100.2 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.
28

Table 27—Average net annual growth and average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland by

ownership class and species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

Ownership class species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Average net annual growth (million board feet)

National forest 82.7 63.2 61.4 1.8 19.5 7.5 12.0 

Other public 202.3 144.4 143.3 1.1 57.9 27.6 30.4 

Forest industry 607.7 508.2 498.8 9.5 99.5 40.2 59.3 

Nonindustrial private 2,311.4 1,374.1 1,325.2 48.9 937.2 437.8 499.5 

 All classes 3,204.1 2,090.0 2,028.7 61.3 1,114.1 513.0 601.1 

Average annual removals (million board feet)

National forest 32.9 32.1 32.1 — 0.8 — 0.8 

Other public 82.1 81.4 81.4 — 0.7 — 0.7 

Forest industry 551.6 457.4 447.9 9.6 94.2 59.2 35.0 

Nonindustrial private 1,740.4 1,214.8 1,199.0 15.8 525.6 262.8 262.8 

 All classes 2,407.0 1,785.7 1,760.4 25.3 621.3 322.0 299.3 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.
29

Table 28—Average net annual growth of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin,

and species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

Forest-type group All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

and stand origina species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Softwood types

 Longleaf-slash pine

 Planted 17.9 17.4 17.4 0.0 0.4 — 0.4 

 Natural 21.8 18.8 18.8 0.0 3.0 1.2 1.8 

 Total 39.7 36.2 36.2 0.0 3.5 1.2 2.2 

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine

 Planted 367.2 361.5 361.4 0.1 5.7 4.3 1.4 

 Natural 193.7 168.2 167.0 1.2 25.5 12.6 12.9 

 Total 560.9 529.7 528.4 1.2 31.2 16.9 14.3 

 Total softwoods 600.6 565.9 564.6 1.2 34.7 18.1 16.6 

Hardwood types

 Oak-pine

 Planted 7.7 6.1 6.1 -0.0 1.6 1.2 0.4 

 Natural 74.4 42.8 42.9 -0.1 31.6 11.3 20.3 

 Total 82.1 48.9 49.0 -0.1 33.2 12.5 20.7 

 Oak-hickory 137.0 22.6 21.9 0.7 114.4 46.6 67.8 

 Oak-gum-cypress 127.2 23.2 12.4 10.8 104.0 64.8 39.2 

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 5.5 0.2 — 0.2 5.3 3.9 1.5 

 Total hardwoods 351.8 94.9 83.3 11.6 256.9 127.7 129.2 

Nonstocked 0.3 1.0 0.3 — 0.8 0.4 0.4 

All groups 661.0 953.4 648.2 12.8 292.4 146.2 146.1 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

a

 Classifications at the beginning of the remeasurement period.
30

Table 29—Average annual removals of growing stock on timberland by forest-type group, stand origin,

and species group, South Carolina, 1993–1999

Softwoods Hardwoods

Forest-type group All All Yellow Other All Soft Hard

and stand origina species softwood pine softwood hardwood hardwood hardwood

Million cubic feet

Softwood types

 Longleaf-slash pine

 Planted 42.1 42.1 41.8 0.3 — — — 

 Natural 12.4 12.1 11.8 0.2 0.3 0.3 — 

 Total 54.5 54.1 53.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 — 

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine

 Planted 141.1 137.5 137.5 — 3.6 2.4 1.3 

 Natural 224.5 208.0 207.1 0.9 16.4 9.7 6.8 

 Total 365.6 345.5 344.6 0.9 20.1 12.0 8.0 

 Total softwoods 420.1 399.7 398.2 1.4 20.4 12.4 8.0 

Hardwood types

 Oak-pine

 Planted 5.7 4.5 4.5 — 1.2 1.1 0.1 

 Natural 67.6 40.0 39.4 0.7 27.6 8.2 19.4 

 Total 73.3 44.5 43.8 0.7 28.8 9.3 19.5 

 Oak-hickory 74.1 10.8 10.2 0.5 63.3 19.8 43.5 

 Oak-gum-cypress 109.7 14.8 10.4 4.4 94.9 65.7 29.2 

 Elm–ash–cottonwood 1.0 — — — 1.0 1.0 — 

 Total hardwoods 258.0 70.1 64.5 5.6 188.0 95.8 92.2 

Nonstocked 0.4 0.4 0.4 — — — — 

All groups 470.1 678.5 463.1 7.0 208.4 108.2 100.2 

Numbers in rows and columns may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of > 0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

a

 Classifications at the beginning of the remeasurement period.
31

Table 30—Area of timberland treated or disturbed annually and retained in timberland by

treatment or disturbance and ownership class, South Carolina, 1993 to 2000

Ownership class

Treatment or All Forest Nonindustrial

disturbance classes Public industry private

Thousand acres

Final harvest 209.4 5.8 52.8 150.8 

Partial harvesta 6.9 72.1 2.7 62.5 

Seed tree/shelterwood 10.5 2.4 — 8.2 

Commercial thinning 74.8 4.9 19.8 50.1 

Other stand improvement 8.5 — 3.3 5.2 

Site preparation 88.5 1.8 43.3 43.4 

Artificial regenerationb 4.4 136.8 51.1 81.3 

Natural regenerationb 4.1 163.5 15.3 144.0 

Other cutting 37.3 4.0 1.0 32.2 

Natural disturbance

 Disease 5.5 3.4 — 2.1 

 Insects 19.5 10.1 1.2 8.2 

 Fire 31.3 6.8 5.2 19.4 

 Weather 30.8 5.8 4.1 20.9 

 Animals 15.8 0.7 2.2 12.9 

Other disturbances

 Grazing 7.9 — — 7.9 

 Other human-caused disturbance 34.2 2.4 2.2 29.7 

Since some acres experience more than one treatment or disturbance, there are no column totals. Numbers in

rows may not sum to totals due to rounding.

A dash (—) indicates no sample for the cell; 0.0 indicates a value of >0.0 but < 0.05 for the cell.

a

 Includes high-grading and some selective cutting.

b

 Includes establishment of trees for timber production on forest and nonforest land.
32

The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, is

dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of

the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood,

water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research,

cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management

of the National Forests and National Grasslands, it strives—as directed

by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing

Nation.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination

in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national

origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation,

or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for

communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape,

etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at 202–720–2600 (voice

and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of

Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence

Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250–9410 or call 202–720–5964 (voice

or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Conner, Roger C.; Sheffield, Raymond M. 2001. South

Carolina's forest resources—2000 update. Resour. Bull. SRS–65.

Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,

Southern Research Station. 31 p.

This bulletin highlights the principal findings of an annual inventory of South Carolina's forest resources. Data summaries are based

upon 60 percent of the plots in the State. Additional data summaries

and bulletins will be published as the full set of plots are completed.

Keywords: Annual inventory, forest ownership, timberland, timber

growth, timber removals, timber volume.
33

United States

Department of Agriculture

Forest Service

Southern

Research Station

P.O. Box 2680

200 Weaver Blvd.

Asheville, NC 28802

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

Penalty for Private Use, $300