Paving the Road to Success

United States 

Environmental Protection 

Agency

EPA742-R-97-007

November 1997

http://www.epa.gov

Polllution Prevention 

and Toxics

(7409)

1EPA Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program

2Printed on paper that contains at least 20 percent postconsumer fiber.

The Department of Defense's

Parking Lot Repair and Maintenance Contract:

An Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Case Study
Environmentally Preferable 

Purchasing Program

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) ensures that environmental

considerations are included in purchasing decisions, along with traditional factors, such as product price and performance. The EPP Program provides

guidance for federal agencies to facilitate purchases of goods and services

that pose fewer burdens on the environment.

For more information about EPP contact:

Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse (PPIC)

202 260-1023

E-mail: PPIC@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV
T

he federal government purchases more than $200 billion worth of goods and services each

year. Recognizing that purchasing decisions can have environmental consequences, the

federal government is beginning to incorporate environmental considerations into its purchasing practices. As directed in Executive Order 12873, Federal Acquisition, Recycling, and

Waste Prevention, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued its proposed Guidance

on Acquisition of Environmentally Preferable Products and Services to help federal agencies

include these considerations when making purchasing decisions. The proposed Guidance establishes guiding principles to help identify products and services that have a lesser or reduced effect

on human health and the environment.

EPA's proposed Guidance acknowledges that environmentally preferable purchasing is a dynamic concept that, depending on the product category, will not necessarily be implemented in the

same manner from agency to agency or even within a specific agency. In order to demonstrate

some of the ways environmentally preferable purchasing principles are currently being applied,

EPA is documenting various pilot procurement projects undertaken by executive agencies, state

and local governments, and the private sector.

The Department of Defense (DOD) Parking Lot Renovation case study documents one of these

projects. This report describes DOD's efforts to introduce environmentally preferable purchasing

into a 5-year, $1 million per year parking lot renovation contract at several Washington, DC area

facilities, including the Pentagon. This case study examines in detail the approach undertaken by

DOD, the assistance provided by EPA, and the lessons learned. Most importantly, it demonstrates

the feasibility of including environmentally preferable purchasing principles into federal contracts.

We hope the lessons and insights documented in this case study will help you and your organization as you begin incorporating environmental preferability into your purchasing decisions.

iii

Foreword
v

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Project History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Project Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Developing an Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Pilot Project. . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Looking for a New Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Independent "Green" Labeling Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

DOD's Solution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Making It Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Product Research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Identifying the Environmental Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Product Worksheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Contractor Incentives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Price Differentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Raising the Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Why Price Differentials? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Computing the Price Differential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Advantages to DOD’s Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Continual Improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Contract Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Shared Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Market-Driven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Works Within Existing Procurement Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Current Status and Future Steps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Lessons Learned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Can Be Successfully Incorporated 

Into the Contracting Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Market Research Takes Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Draft RFPs Are Not Always Necessary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Interagency Teamwork Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Contents
1

T

he U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) maintains some of the largest buildings

and facilities in the world. It also maintains some very large surface parking

lots and has recently begun using products with multiple environmental attributes to maintain some of them. On June 4, 1997, DOD awarded a 5-year, $1 million

per year contract to maintain and repair the parking lots and access roads at four

Washington, DC, area facilities—the Pentagon, the Court of Appeals for the Armed

Forces (Military Court of Appeals), the Federal Office Building Number Two (Navy

Annex), and the Hybla Valley Federal Building. The contract includes several unique

features to ensure that the work not only meets all price and quality concerns, but also

incorporates the use of products with multiple environmental attributes whenever feasible. 

The new DOD parking lot contract is significant for several reasons:

• It introduces environmentally preferable purchasing at some of DOD's largest

and most recognized facilities, most significantly the Pentagon, which houses

DOD headquarters.

• It promotes the use of products with multiple environmental attributes rather

than focusing on a single environmental attribute, such as recovered material

content.

• It includes unique features, including price differentials, that provide incentives

for the contractor to continually search for and use products with minimal environmental impacts.

• It relies on consumer-market dynamics rather than government requirements to

increase the use of products with multiple environmental attributes.

• It is very flexible and allows the government or the contractor, with government

approval, to introduce new products or processes with new or improved environmental performance.

Paving The Road To Success

The DOD contract

is one of the first

contracts to

incorporate

environmentally

preferable

purchasing.

Environmentally preferable products are "products and services

[that] have a lesser or reduced effect on human health and the 

environment when compared to other products and services that serve the

same purpose."

— Executive Order 12873, Federal Acquisition, Recycling, and Waste Prevention

October 20, 1993

INTRODUCTION
This case study details DOD's successful attempt to adopt environmentally preferable purchasing practices as directed by Executive Order 12873, Federal Acquisition,

Recycling, and Waste Prevention. It explains how DOD incorporated the seven

guiding principles outlined in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's)

proposed Guidance on Acquisition of Environmentally Preferable Products and

Services. It also illustrates how environmental preferability can be incorporated into

the contracting process while continuing to meet or exceed existing performance and

price objectives.

Background

On May 31, 1995, DOD, along with the General Services Administration and the

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, issued an interim rule to incorporate

environmental factors into purchasing, based on directions provided in Executive

Order 128731. At that time, DOD's Washington Headquarters' Service Office began

searching for an appropriate project in which to introduce the new process.

2

1 See the Federal Register, volume 60, number 104, May 31, 1995, pages 28,494 to 28,500.

EPA's Environmentally Preferable Guidance

EPA identified seven guiding principles to help federal agencies incorporate

environmental preferability into their procurement practices. These principles

were proposed in the Federal Register (FR) in EPA's Guidance on Acquisition of

Environmentally Preferable Products and Services (60 FR 50722):

1) Consideration of environmental preferability should begin early in the

acquisition process and be rooted in the ethic of pollution prevention,

which strives to eliminate or reduce, up front, potential risks to human

health and the environment.

2) A product or service's environmental preferability is a function of multiple

attributes.

3) Environmental preferability should reflect the lifecycle considerations of

products and services to the extent feasible.

4) Environmental preferability should consider the scale (global versus local)

and temporal reversibility aspects of a product or service's impact.

5) Environmental preferability should be tailored to local conditions where

appropriate.

6) Environmental objectives of products or services should be a factor or subfactor in competition among vendors, when appropriate.

7) Agencies need to examine product attribute claims carefully.

Project History
As directed by Executive Order 12873, EPA issued draft guidance on September

29, 1995 identifying seven guiding principles to help federal agencies incorporate

environmental preferability into their procurement practices. Around that same time,

DOD identified a need to issue a contract to repair and maintain the access roads and

parking lots at the Pentagon and at three other Washington, DC, area facilities.

DOD decided this contract would be the first to incorporate the new environmentally

preferable purchasing principles.

DOD contacted EPA hoping to obtain a list of environmentally preferable products similar to the lists of recovered material (recycled) content products identified in

the Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines.2 After learning that no such list exists,

because the attributes to define such products can differ from region to region, project to project, and product to product, DOD attempted to use lifecycle concepts3 to

identify products with environmental attributes appropriate for its needs. Most of the

available information on lifecycle assessments, however, was too theoretical to incorporate or was focused on products and processes unrelated to DOD's parking lot

repair and renovation needs. 

DOD contacted EPA's Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP) program for

assistance. EPP volunteered to help DOD identify the appropriate attributes and

suggested turning the project into an environmentally preferable purchasing pilot

project. DOD agreed, and the results of this joint pilot project are described below. 

Project Scope

The Pentagon is one of the world's largest office buildings, containing close to

three times the floor space (by square foot) of the Empire State Building. It provides

office space for approximately 29,000 military and civilian employees and over 67

acres of parking in 16 parking lots for 8,770 vehicles. The Pentagon Reservation also

includes 10 miles of access roads and five bridges and overpasses.

3

DOD contacted

EPA for

assistance.

2 EPA is required under section 6002(e) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) to designate items that

can be made with recovered materials and to recommend practices to assist federal agencies in procuring those items.

RCRA also requires that federal agencies, when purchasing designated items, purchase them containing the highest

percentage of recovered materials available. 

As required in Executive Order 12873, EPA identifies designated products in the Comprehensive Procurement

Guidelines, which is published in the Federal Register. EPA recommends recovered material content percentages for

each of the products it designates in an accompanying Recovered Materials Advisory Notice. As of June 1997, EPA

had designated 24 products in seven product categories.

3 A product's life cycle includes all steps necessary to produce, transport, install, maintain, and dispose of, recycle, or

reuse the product. A lifecycle assessment (LCA) is a process for evaluating the environmental burdens associated with

a product. LCAs identify and quantify the energy and material uses and releases to the environment and cover the

entire life cycle of the product, including extracting and processing the raw materials; manufacturing, transporting, and

distributing the product; product installation, use, reuse, and maintenance; recycling; and final disposition.
In addition to the Pentagon's

access roads and parking lots, the

DOD parking lot repair and maintenance contract also covers an

additional 3,000 parking spaces,

and their accompanying access

roads, at three nearby DOD facilities: the Military Court of Appeals,

the Navy Annex, and the Hybla

Valley Federal Building. 

The parking lot repair contract

is a small business set-aside, indefinite quantity, fixed price, task

order contract. All of the products

used are traditionally purchased by

the contractor who is awarded the

contract and not directly by DOD.

Compared with many of DOD's

contracts, the parking lot repair

contract is a relatively small and

simple procurement. The contract amount was estimated at between $500,000 to $1

million per year, and the level of detail required for the contract was fairly routine. 

Working closely with EPA, DOD considered several possible options for promoting the use of products with multiple environmental attributes.

Developing an Environmentally Preferable Purchasing

Pilot Project

DOD and EPA created a small workgroup to outline the components of a successful pilot project. The work group determined that the project should ensure that

products used to complete the parking lot repairs meet all government specifications

and requirements, are available at an affordable price, and reduce environmental and

human health impacts. The group decided it should be easy to implement and should

take into account the seven environmentally preferable purchasing principles outlined

by EPA. (See the sidebar on page 2.) They also wanted to design the project so that

the lessons learned could be easily incorporated into future construction projects.

4

The contract

includes repairs

and maintenance

for over 12,000

parking spaces.

DOD's parking lot repair contractor purchases the following types of materials:

• Asphalt Base and Surface Course

• Asphalt Cement

• Asphalt Sealants

• Bituminous Prime and Tack Coats

• Concrete Curing Compounds

• Concrete Drainage Pipes

• Emulsified Asphalt Slurry

• Epoxy Bonding Compounds 

• Silicone Sealants

• Traffic Paint

• Traffic Signs and Posts
Looking for a New Approach

Traditionally, DOD uses existing product specifications from similar contracts

when preparing a new contract. While this approach saves time, it can inhibit the

introduction of innovative products and processes, including the introduction of products with improved environmental performance. DOD wanted an approach that was

easy to implement, but was also very flexible. Flexible product specifications are especially important for products with environmental attributes because the market for

these products is very dynamic, and new attributes and products are continually being

introduced. In addition, new information on existing attributes and products is continually being discovered.

One of the first solutions considered by the DOD and EPA team was developing a

list of approved products that must be used by the contractor to repair and maintain

the parking lots. This option was not selected because the list would require continual updates in order to accurately reflect state-of-the-art product availability. The

updates would require additional resources not currently available to continually

investigate new products and attributes.

Independent "Green" Labeling Services

The DOD and EPA team considered relying on independent labeling organizations to identify and approve products with environmental attributes, and requiring

the contractor to use "approved" products whenever possible. The team decided

against this approach for the following reasons:

• At the time, none of the independent labeling organizations contacted by the

team had sufficient information on parking lot products.

• Companies seeking certification from independent labeling organizations can

incur significant laboratory costs and product evaluation fees to obtain approval.

The DOD and EPA team was concerned that smaller companies that manufacture products with multiple environmental attributes would be unable to afford

certification, which would limit the products from which DOD could select.

DOD also considered but did not require companies to be certified under ISO

14000 or 9000 requirements for this reason.

• Most importantly, the DOD and EPA team felt that the government needed to

make final decisions on product selection. Delegating that responsibility to an

outside firm would have unnecessarily reduced DOD's involvement in the decision making process.

Although the team did not want to automatically require or approve products that

were prescreened by an independent labeling organization, DOD has found the product specifications developed by such organizations useful when developing other specifications. Green Seal, a nonprofit environmental labeling organization, for example,

had an existing specification for the volatile organic compound (VOC) content for

paint that was useful in developing the environmental attribute specifications for the

paints used in another DOD construction project. As a result, paints that meet the

Green Seal specification also meet DOD requirements. Paints do not have to hold a

5

The DOD/EPA

team decided

against relying

solely on an

independent

labeling service.
Green Seal stamp of approval, however, to be used on the DOD project; they must

simply meet the DOD specifications.

DOD's Solution

After examining all of the options, the DOD and EPA team adopted a unique

three-step method for incorporating environmental preferability into the parking lot

contract that does not include an approved product list, does not rely on outside certification, and allows the contract to be easily modified to include the latest environmental attributes. First, contractors were required to include previous environmental

performance information and a plan for obtaining products with environmental

attributes in their proposals. Both of these factors were included as part of DOD's

bid evaluation process. Second, the team identified attributes that can be used to

compare the environmental preferability of products to be used under the contract.

The team did not identify all of the possible environmental attributes for every product, but instead provided an overview of currently available ("baseline") attributes.

Third, the team developed price differentials as an incentive for the contractor to use

products that meet or exceed the baseline attributes. The contractor can also propose

to use products or construction practices with additional environmental attributes or

improved environmental performance. With DOD approval, the contractor can use

the new product or practice and is eligible to receive a price differential for doing so.

Making It Work

Once the DOD and EPA team decided to include baseline attributes in the contract, they had to identify those attributes. This process included conducting the necessary market research, analyzing the research findings and identifying the attributes,

and developing worksheets to convey the information to contractors.

Product Research

The DOD and EPA team quickly determined that it did not have the resources

available to conduct product research on every item that would be needed under the

contract. Instead, it elected to focus only on the most frequently used products. The

team selected 20 product categories from approximately 40 categories. Together the

20 products represent approximately 90 percent of the materials used under the contract.

Relying on publicly available information sources, such as the Recycled Products

Guide, Harris Directory, Thomas Directory, and the Department of the Interior's

National Park Service Sustainable Design and Construction database4

, the team identified manufacturers and suppliers for each of the product categories. Based on this

product information, the team created surveys for each of the categories to gather rel6

4 The National Park Service's Sustainable Design and Construction Database is available free via the Internet at

http://www.nps.gov/dsc/dsgncnstr/susdb/index.htm.

The DOD/EPA

team adopted a

three-step

method.
evant information about applicable American Society for Testing and Materials specifications, VOC content, and other product-specific environmental attributes, as well

as to request copies of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs).5 The surveys also

included copies of the operational requirements for each product category and asked

respondents to identify the environmental attributes of products meeting the requirements and to explain why the attributes were environmentally preferable. DOD sent

the surveys to each of the manufacturers and vendors identified by the DOD and EPA

team.

The surveys were sent directly by DOD rather than the DOD and EPA team to

clarify that DOD was seeking the information as a potential customer and to avoid

any confusion or potential concerns among the manufacturers and vendors surrounding EPA's participation. This also helped communicate the message that DOD was

actively seeking information on products' environmental performance as a consumer

for the purpose of making purchasing decisions and that the information was not

being collected for regulatory reasons.

Identifying the Environmental Attributes

After compiling the survey results, the DOD and EPA team examined product

information for each of the 20 product categories to ensure that the available products

met the following minimum requirements:

• Achieved DOD's performance requirements.

• Available at an affordable price.

• Achieved all industry standards; local codes; and pertinent federal, local, and

state regulations.

• Offered adequate competition.

Based on the available information, the DOD and EPA team compiled a list of

appropriate environmental attributes for 11 of the 20 product categories. The team

was unwilling to select environmental attributes for the remaining nine categories due

to insufficient information. Due to the inherent flexibility of the contract, however,

the contractor, based on an emerging technology or their market research, can suggest additional attributes, products, or processes for any of the product categories, not

just the original 20 investigated by the DOD and EPA team. The contractor is eligible to receive a price differential for identifying a new attribute, product, or process if

DOD permits its use on the project. (See "Contractor Incentives" below.)

7

The team identified

attributes for 11

product categories

5 MSDSs identify any hazardous or toxic materials used in a product and outline proper product safety precautions

along with fire and explosion, reactivity, and other safety risks. MSDSs are not required for all products, and the

type of required information contained can differ from product to product. As a result, it is difficult to compare

products based solely on MSDS information.

Research included

obtaining publicly

available

information and

conducting a

product survey.
Product Worksheets

The DOD and EPA team prepared 20 product-specific worksheets to make it easier for the contractor to identify the operational and performance requirements for

each product. The worksheets also identify the environmental performance attributes

(price differential requirements) for the 11 products for which they were developed.

The contractor is required to submit completed worksheets and any necessary supporting data so DOD can certify that the products used to complete the work comply

with all of the appropriate operational and performance specifications and can determine whether the product improves environmental performance. (See the appendix

for copies of the worksheets.)

Contractor Incentives

The DOD and EPA team determined it would not be sufficient simply to encourage the contractor to use products meeting the environmental criteria identified on

the worksheets. Instead, they decided it was necessary to provide incentives for the

contractor to continue to search for products with environmental attributes exceeding

those described on the worksheets and to propose new products, attributes, and

processes.

8

Asphalt Base Course*

Asphalt Surface Course*

Traffic Paint—Yellow*

Traffic Paint—Blue*

Traffic Paint—Black*

Traffic Paint—White*

Traffic Signs—Panels*

Traffic Signs—Posts*

Reinforced Concrete Drainage Pipes*

Drainage Steps*

Concrete Curing Compounds*

Silicone Sealant—Class A

Silicone Sealant—Class B

Silicone Sealant—Class C

Hot Poured Asphalt Sealants

Bituminous Prime and Tack Coats

Epoxy Bonding Compounds

Nonreinforced Concrete Drainage Pipes

Emulsified Asphalt Slurry

Asphalt Cement

The following list identifies the 20 products for which DOD furnished

worksheets. The list can be expanded by DOD or, with DOD's approval, by

the contractor to include any product or service associated with the contract:

* Indicates that the worksheet identified specific environmental performance attributes at the time the contract

was awarded. The contractor can suggest additional attributes for any product or process used to complete

work under the contract.

DOD's Product Worksheets

The team

developed

worksheets to

identify the

environmental

attributes.
The team devised incentives for two phases of the contractual process—one prior

to and one following the award of the contract. The first incentive required each

contractor bidding on the contract to submit a proposed approach for identifying,

obtaining, and evaluating environmentally preferable products as part of their proposed management plan.

Each contractor's environmentally preferable purchasing plan was evaluated as part

of its technical evaluation score. A contractor could obtain higher technical performance scores and increase its likelihood of winning the contract by demonstrating

experience or familiarity with environmentally preferable purchasing practices in its

proposal.

Contractors also could increase their overall score if their past performance on similar projects demonstrated a propensity for environmental stewardship. Evidence of

environmental stewardship might include onsite recycling or the selection of products

based on environmental considerations.

Price Differentials

The contract includes a price differential to encourage the contractor to continue

searching for products with improved environmental performance. The price differential allows the contractor to earn additional money for identifying and using products with additional environmental attributes. The price differential is based on the

number of environmental attributes for the products used to complete each line item

in the contract. Each line item includes specific activities related to particular aspects

of parking lot maintenance and repair. 

There is, for example, a separate line item for each of the following five activities:

providing 4-inches of asphalt base course, providing 2- to 4-inches of asphalt surface

course, removing existing signs and posts, painting new traffic lines, and installing

new road sign posts. The parking lot contract includes 147 line items in 45 categories. 

Work is issued to the contractor through task orders specifying a line item or list of

line items to be completed. A single task order, for example, might include line items

directing the contractor to remove existing traffic posts and signs from a designated

section of the parking lot, remove the existing asphalt, increase the height of the 

utility covers, repave the designated section with new asphalt, repaint the parking lot

lines, and install new traffic posts and signs.

Although the contractor agrees to a fixed price for each line item, the contractor

can earn up to a 10 percent price differential per line item by using products with

multiple environmental attributes. The price differential is computed based on the

attribute information provided on the contract worksheets. (See the appendix for

copies of the worksheets.)

9

The contractor

can earn a price

differential for

using

environmental

products.
10

The 20 product worksheets include mandatory operational requirements and 11 of

the 20 contain optional environmental attribute (price differential) requirements.

Every product used to complete work under the contract must meet all operational

requirements. The contracting firm is not required to use products that meet the

environmental attributes, but is entitled to a 2 percent price differential for each

attribute if it does. The contractor can also suggest new environmental attributes for

any product used under the contract and, pending approval of the DOD Contracting

Officer's Representative, the contractor is eligible to receive a price differential for

incorporating the new attribute. 

The contract, however, establishes a limit of five price differentials per line item to

limit the total price differential to 10 percent per line item. The contract also imposes an overall price differential ceiling of 5 percent for each task order. For example,

even if a contractor earned the maximum price differential of 10 percent for every line

item in a $10,000 task order, the contract limits the total price differential for the task

order to 5 percent ($500). 

The DOD and EPA team determined that 5 percent of the total task order price

was the maximum the government could provide as a price differential. They established this limit based on a scenario in which the contractor earned a price differential

for every task order. In that scenario, DOD's available budget would only support a 5

percent price differential.

For additional information, please consult the "Computing the Price Differential"

box on page 12.

Raising the Standards

The contract allows DOD to modify the mandatory operational requirements and

voluntary environmental attributes at any time. This allows DOD to raise a product's

environmental standards by moving an attribute from the voluntary to the mandatory

category. The contractor is required to provide products that meet all mandatory

requirements and is not eligible for a price differential for doing so.

DOD is expecting to use this option as environmental attributes become industry

standard product attributes. For example, the contractor currently can receive a price

differential for using paints with a VOC content less than 150 grams per liter. If

paints ever routinely obtain this level, however, DOD might make this attribute a

mandatory rather than voluntary requirement.

DOD can also introduce new environmental attributes at any time. Doing so provides the contractor with an incentive to increase the environmental performance of

the products they choose to use by creating an additional price differential opportunity. This provides DOD with an effective mechanism for encouraging the contractor

to continually search for products with additional environmental attributes.

The contract

limits the price

differential to 5

percent of a

task order.
11

The contractor, as discussed previously, can also suggest new environmental attributes at any time. After obtaining DOD approval, the contractor is eligible to receive

a price differential each time a product incorporating the attribute is used. This provides the contractor with additional incentives to identify new products and attributes

and improve overall environmental performance throughout the duration of the contract.

Why Price Differentials?

Price differentials were included in the contract for several reasons. The contract

is a small business set-aside contract, and the DOD and EPA team recognized that

the contractors bidding on the contract were not likely to have an overhead budget

large enough to absorb the cost of identifying and procuring products with multiple

environmental attributes. The price differentials were included to provide an incentive for the contracting firm to complete the necessary research and to compensate it

for doing so.

The DOD and EPA team recognized, however, that price differentials are not

always a viable option. While DOD will be using products with reduced environmental impacts in another upcoming multimillion-dollar Pentagon renovation contract, it does not expect to use price differentials for three reasons. First, a 5 percent

price differential on a multimillion-dollar contract is significantly larger than a 5 percent price differential on a $1 million per year contract. DOD does not feel it can

justify or afford the additional expense. 

Second, the contractors likely to submit proposals on the larger Pentagon renovation contracts are larger companies that are more likely to have overhead budgets that

allow them to invest the time necessary to identify and procure products with environmentally beneficial attributes. They are also more likely to have existing environmental expertise. DOD believes the primary motivation for larger contractors to

adopt environmentally preferable practices is their ability to use their involvement

with a large-scale federal environmentally preferable purchasing project as a marketing tool to win future contracts.

Third, the use of products with improved environmental performance will be part

of the contractor's annual performance evaluation. A poor performance evaluation

can negatively affect the contractor's ability to obtain new government contracts.

DOD feels that including the use of products with environmental attributes in a contractor's performance evaluation will be a sufficient incentive for contractors.

Both DOD and the

contractor can

introduce new

environmental

attributes.

Price differentials

are not always a

viable option.
12

Like many government contracts, work under DOD’s parking lot repair and maintenance contract

is assigned by issuing task orders. Each task order contains a list of individual line items, each of

which identifies a specific activity to be completed by the contractor, the number of times that activity

can be completed under the task order, and the price the contractor will be paid for completing it.

In the sample task order on the right, the first line item requests the contractor to remove up to

280 tons of deteriorated asphalt concrete and to recompact the subbase. The contractor will be paid

$71 for each ton of asphalt removed for a total of up to $19,880 to complete the line item. The formula for computing the price a contractor will be paid for completing each line item is:

Line Item Price = Quantity Completed x Price

Unlike traditional task orders, the contractor working under DOD’s parking lot repair contract can

increase the price they are paid for completing each line item by incorporating DOD-approved environmental attributes. The environmental attributes are identified on the product worksheets that the

contractor completes and provides to DOD before initiating work on a task order. (See the appendix

for copies of the worksheets.) As described in the case study, the contractor can propose new environmental attributes for any line item and can modify or create worksheets to identify the new attributes.

The contractor can earn a two percent price differential for each environmental attribute incorporated in completing a line item. In the adjacent sample task order, the contractor is planning to use a

product with a single environmental attribute when installing the parking lot stall lines. Doing so can

earn the contractor an additional $154.66, which is two percent of the maximum line item price of

$7,733. The formula for computing the price differential for each line item is:

Price Differential = Number of Environmental Attributes x 0.02 x Line Item Price

The total amount the contractor is paid is calculated by computing the value of each line item,

including any price differentials earned, using the formulas described above. In this example, the

contractor has the potential to earn up to $161,586.69, including $298.44 in price differentials.

Restrictions

The DOD parking lot contract establishes two restrictions to prevent the price differential from

becoming prohibitively expensive for the government:

• No line item can include more than five environmental attributes. This limits each line item’s

maximum price differential to 10 percent.

• The total price differentials cannot exceed 5 percent for any task order.

For additional information on these restrictions, see “Price Differentials” on page 9. 

Computing the Price Differential
13

N/A 001A Remove deteriorated asphalt 

concrete and recompact subbase 280 TN $71.00 $19,880.00 $19,880.00

N/A 001B Compacted aggregate base course 140 TN $10.15 $1,421.00 $1,421.00

0 001C 100mm (4”) asphalt base course 

and tack coat 140 TN $35.00 $4,900.00 $4,900.00

N/A 006B Full depth milling for asphalt 

overlay up to a depth of 

100mm (4”) 14,418 SY $0.55 $7,929.90 $0.00 $7,929.90

N/A 006D Disposal of asphalt grinding 2,312 TN $19.00 $43,928.00 $0.00 $43,928.00 

N/A 007B 150mm (6”) saw cut 577 LF $9.00 $5,193.00 $5,193.00

0 0011 Provide new bituminous tack coat 

and new 50mm (2”) surface 

course asphaltic concrete overlay 1601 TN $38.40 $61,478.40 $0.00 $61,478.40 

1† 015C Crosswalks 630 SF $0.70 $441.00 $8.82 $449.82

1† 015F Lane markings 975 LF $6.45 $6,288.75 $125.78 $6,414.53

1† 015J Pavement marking 

“Handicapped Parking” 9 EA $51.00 $459.00 $9.18 $468.18

1† 015K Parking stall lines (2 lines up to 

3 m (10 feet) long) 185 STALLS $41.80 $7,733.00 $154.66 $7,887.66

N/A 015M Furnish and install relative glass 

beads in pavement markings 448 LF $3.40 $1,523.20 $1,523.20 

N/A 042 Provide compaction testing 5 EA $22.60 $113.00 $113.00

Totals $161,288.25 $298.44 $161,586.69 

Contract: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot and Road Repair Task Order Number: SAMPLE

Contract Number: MDA946-97-D-3007 Prepared by: Bob Cox

Contractor: D-M&S, Inc. Date Prepared: 10/1/97

Line Unit of Total Line Extended for 

EPP Met Item # Description Quantity Measure Unit Price Item Price Diff. Price Diff. 

Sample Additional Requirements:

• Heel into existing structures

• Recycle all construction debris

• Phase construction to prevent disruption of traffic

• Provide adequate traffic control measures and barriers to prevent vehicular and pedestrian accidents

• Ensure proper storm water drainage by providing pavement elevations in

accordance with plan provided with Task Order

• All joints between new pavement, old pavement and other structures

shall be sealed using approved joint sealant

• Paint color to be selected by CO

Sample Submittals Requirements:

• Construction Schedule - Submittal #26

• Warranty - Submittal #37

• Construction Debris - Submittal #40

• Asphalt Delivery Records - Submittal #55

• Density Field Test Report (when requested by CO) - Submittal #59

• Thickness Field Test Report (when requested by CO) - Submittal #60

• Straight Edge Test Record (when requested by CO) - Submittal #61 

Sample Government Task Order Cost Estimate

† For this line item, the contractor proposed using a paint with a single environmental attribute—a VOC content of less than 100 grams per liter. As

stated on the product worksheets (provided in the appendix), paints with a VOC content of less than 150 grams per liter are eligible for a price 

differential. In this example, the contractor has already received permission from DOD to use the low VOC paint and DOD has agreed to provide a

price differential.
14

T

he way in which DOD incorporated environmentally preferable purchasing

principles into the parking lot maintenance and repair contract reveals several

advantages.

Continual Improvement

The flexible contract design allows the government to continually improve the

baseline for measuring the environmental preferability of a product. This helps

ensure that the government is aware of products with the highest number of environmental attributes. As new products that provide improved environmental performance are introduced, they can be easily integrated by DOD and its contractor if they

meet DOD's other operational and performance requirements.

Contract Flexibility

The environmentally preferable clauses in the contract were developed as "addons." The clauses are clearly identified in the contract and not buried within the contract language. They are specifically designed to be easily modified. The framework

can be easily adapted for use in other DOD or federal contracts and can be easily

removed if, for any reason, it becomes necessary to do so.

Shared Responsibility

The responsibility for incorporating products with environmental attributes is

shared between the contractor and the government. The contractor's role is to investigate the availability and performance of products with multiple environmental

attributes and bring them to the government's attention. The government's primary

role is to establish the baseline for measuring improvement in environmental performance and to evaluate the products proposed by the contractor to determine if they

warrant a price differential. 

Market-Driven

DOD is not developing unique specifications for products that only they will use.

It is simply expressing a desire to purchase products with multiple environmental

attributes as they become available. This approach relies on the dynamics of the marketplace, including competitive pricing and the ability to select the most appropriate

product from among multiple options.

Advantages to DOD’s Approach
15

Works Within Existing Procurement Procedures

None of the standard DOD contract award procedures were modified to incorporate environmentally preferable purchasing. The evaluation procedures used to award

the parking lot repair and maintenance contract were identical to those used for previous contracts. The environmentally preferable evaluation criteria contained in the

Request for Proposal (RFP) were examined along with the more traditional technical

aspects, such as demonstrated experience and performance.

T

he parking lot repair and maintenance contract was awarded on June 4, 1997,

to D-M&S Inc., a Woodstock, Maryland contractor. The first Task Order was

issued in September 1997. In less than a month, D-M&S Inc. had already

identified several products with additional environmental attributes and a new 

environmentally superior process, all of which appear to significantly improve environmental performance while continuing to meet or exceed DOD's performance 

criteria. The contractor is very pleased with the process for incorporating products

with additional environmental attributes and is excited at the possibility of earning a

price differential for doing so. The success of the environmentally preferable contract

clauses will be continually monitored throughout the contract's 5-year period of 

performance.

DOD is currently considering ways to incorporate environmentally preferable purchasing into a contracting vehicle for the Pentagon's 15- to 20-year renovation effort.

Future case studies will document this work.

T

he DOD parking lot repair and maintenance contract is one of the first

attempts by a federal agency to provide contractors with an incentive to incorporate environmentally preferable purchasing under Executive Order 12873.

As a result, many of the lessons learned from this process can help guide future

attempts. The following are highlights of some of the most important lessons

learned.

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Can Be

Successfully Incorporated Into the Contracting Process

DOD's contract has successfully integrated environmentally preferable purchasing

priorities within several phases of the contracting process—the development of the

RFP, evaluation of contractor proposals, contract award, contract startup, and contract

operation. The DOD and EPA team will continue to evaluate the success of this

approach during the contract's 5-year period of performance.

Current Status and Future Steps

Lessons Learned
Market Research Takes Time

Market research for this project was time-consuming, despite the relatively small

number of products examined, because many manufacturers and vendors did not have

information on the environmental attributes of their products. This problem should

be alleviated as the demand for products with multiple environmental attributes

increases and manufacturers and vendors respond by identifying the environmental

attributes of their products. Until that time, market research can be contracted out if

adequate funding is available. Alternatively, it can be reduced by limiting the initial

research to a few select product categories.

DOD recently contracted a market research firm to collect information on the

environmental impacts of construction products. DOD is currently reviewing the

information for possible use during the 15- to 20-year, multimillion-dollar Pentagon

renovation. EPA will be publishing future case studies documenting these efforts.

It is important to note, however, that market research might not be necessary for

all projects. There are an increasing number of publicly available databases that contain information on the environmental attributes of a wide variety of products. These

databases will help government agencies select products without requiring agencies to

conduct independent market research, which can be very time consuming and expensive. It is also likely that as the demand for products with improved environmental

performance increases, many manufacturers will begin identifying the environmentally preferable aspects of their products in product literature.

Draft RFPs Are Not Always Necessary

DOD published a draft RFP in July 1996 to allow contractors an opportunity to

comment on DOD's proposed approach for incorporating environmentally preferable

purchasing. While draft RFPs are beneficial in some situations, DOD did not receive

any comments, with the exception of a single comment addressing a portion of the

contract unrelated to environmentally preferable purchasing.

After talking with potential small business set-aside contractors, DOD concluded

that the level of effort required to respond to a draft RFP exceeds what contractors

are willing to invest without compensation. Contractors devote resources to RFPs in

proportion to the value of the contract. Since draft RFPs do not provide contractors

with any financial reward, they are not likely to produce helpful responses. The actual RFP was released in December 1996 and did not contain any modifications to the

environmentally preferable purchasing language published in the draft RFP.

DOD contracting officials now believe that draft RFPs are more likely to be

helpful when the contracts are large and the number of potential contractors is

small. This will provide contractors with an opportunity to ask DOD to clarify

selected portions, which will result in more detailed contractor proposals that are

easier to evaluate.

16
17

Interagency Teamwork Works

DOD and EPA demonstrated the advantage of working together to incorporate environmentally

preferable purchasing into DOD's contractual procedures. DOD was instrumental in initiating the project and in defining the project goals and boundaries. EPA worked closely with DOD to identify and

examine the environmental attributes associated with parking lot maintenance and repair work.

Together, they developed a unique approach that met Executive Order 12873's directive that federal

agencies incorporate environmentally preferable purchasing.
Environmental Performance

Evaluation Worksheets

Appendix
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date __________________________

Submittal #: __________________________

Item Description: ASPHALT BASE COURSE

Product Number: 1

Line Item #: 001C

002B

004B

* The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL ______________________________________________________________________

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments:__________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

21

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

VDOT - BM2* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. More Than 25% Recycled Asphalt ______% Recycled Asphalt* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: ASPHALT BASE COURSE

Product Number: 2

Line Item #: 001D

002C

004C

0011

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

22

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

VDOT - SM-2A* Yes No

100% Recycled Aggregate* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. More Than 15% Recycled Asphalt ______% Recycled Asphalt* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: TRAFFIC PAINT - YELLOW

Product Number: 3

Line Item #: 13F 013G

013H 013J

004K

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

23

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

FS-TT-001952* Yes No

Water-based* Yes No

Lead-free* Yes No

Chromatic-free* Yes No

150 g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. Less Than 150 g/l Voc Content ______g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: TRAFFIC PAINT - BLUE

Product Number: 4

Line Item #: 013G 013H

013I 013J

013K

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

24

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

FS-TT-001952* Yes No

Water-based* Yes No

Lead-free* Yes No

Chromate-free* Yes No

150 g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. Less Than 150 g/l VOC Content ______g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: TRAFFIC PAINT - BLACK

Product Number: 5

Line Item #: 012 013A 013B

013C 013D 013E

013F 013G 013H

013I 013J

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

____________________________________________________________________________________

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

25

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

FS-TT-001952* Yes No

Water-based* Yes No

Lead-free* Yes No

Chromate-free* Yes No

150 g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. Less Than 150 g/l VOC Content ______g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number:

Project Title: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: TRAFFIC PAINT - WHITE

Product Number: 6

Line Item #: 013A 013B 013C

013D 013E 013F

013G 013H 013I

013J 013K

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments:____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

26

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

FS-TT-001952* Yes No

Water-based* Yes No

Lead-free* Yes No

Chromate-free* Yes No

150 g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. Less Than 150 g/l VOC Content ______g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract for Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: TRAFFIC SIGN - PANEL

Product Number: 7

Line Item #: 018a 018AA 018AB 018B

018C 018D 018E 018F

018G 018H 018I 018J

018K 018L

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

27

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Aluminum* Yes No

80% Recycled Aluminum* Yes No

VDOT - Road and Bridge Specifications, Section 701* Yes No

FHA - Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices* Ye No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. More Than 80% Recycled Aluminum ______g/l Recycled Aluminum* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: TRAFFIC SIGN - POST

Product Number: 8

Line Item #: 016

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

28

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Aluminum* Yes No

80% Recycled Aluminum* Yes No

VDOT - Road and Bridge Specifications, Section 701* Yes No

FHA - Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. More Than 80% Recycled Aluminum ______g/l Recycled Aluminum* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: REINFORCED CONCRETE DRAINAGE PIPE

Product Number: 15

Line Item #: 027A 027B 027C

027D 027E 027F

027G 027H

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

29

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

AASTM-C-76M* Yes No

CLASS III* Yes No

Water-based Mold Releases Used in Concrete Manufacture* Yes No

65% Recycled Steel Reinforcement* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. More Than 65% Recycled ______% Recycled Steel Yes No

Steel Reinforcement* Reinforcement*

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: DRAINAGE STRUCTURE STEPS

Product Number: 17

Line Item #: 033A 033B 033C 033D 033D 033E

034A 034B 034C 034D 034D 034E

035A 035B

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

30

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Aluminum* Yes No

80% Recycled Aluminum* Yes No

ASTM B 221* Yes No

29CFR 1910.27* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. More Than 15% Recycled Asphalt ______% Recycled Asphalt* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: CONCRETE CURING COMPOUND

Product Number: 20

Line Item #: 020A 020B 020C 020D

021A 021B 021C 021D

023A 023B 036A 037

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________

Government Approving Official

31

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Membrane Forming* Yes No

Clear* Yes No

ASTM C 309* Yes No

Type I* Yes No

Class B* Yes No

Water-based* Yes No

Acrylic* Yes No

90 g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

A. Less Than 90 g/l VOC Content ______g/l VOC Content* Yes No

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: SILICONE SEALANT - CLASS A

Product Number: 9

Line Item #: 005 020A 020B 020C 020D 021A

021B 021C 012D 023A 023B 037

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

32

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Tensile Strengh ASTM C 1135* 45 PSI Maximum Yes No

Durometer Hardness Shore ASTM D 2240* "A" (10-25) Yes No

Bond to Concrete Mortar VTM 90* 50 PSI Minimum Yes No

Tack Free Time VTM 90* 180 mins. Maximum Yes No

Extrusion Rate VTM 90* 75 g/min Yes No

Non-volatile VTM 90* 90% Minimum Yes No

Specific Gravity ASTM D 792 (meth A)* 1.1 - 1.5 Yes No

Movement Capability VTM 90* No adhesive or cohesive Yes No

and Adhesion failure after 10 cycles

At 0 degrees F.

Ozone and U.V. Resistance ASTM C 793-T5* No chalking, cracking Yes No

and Adhesion or bond loss after 

5,000 hrs.

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: SILICONE SEALANT - CLASS B

Product Number: 10

Line Item #: 005 020A 020B 020C 020D 021A

021B 021C 012D 023A 023B 037

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

33

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Tensile Strengh ASTM C 1135* 40 PSI Maximum Yes No

Durometer Hardness Shore ASTM D 2240* "00" (40-80) Yes No

Bond to Concrete Mortar VTM 90* 40 PSI Minimum Yes No

Tack Free Time VTM 90* 180 mins. Maximum Yes No

Extrusion Rate VTM 90* 90 g/min Yes No

Non-volatile VTM 90* 90% Minimum Yes No

Specific Gravity ASTM D 792 (meth A)* 1.1 - 1.5 Yes No

Movement Capability VTM 90* No adhesive or cohesive Yes No

and Adhesion failure after 10 cycles

At 0 degrees F.

Ozone and U.V. Resistance ASTM C 793-T5* No chalking, cracking Yes No

and Adhesion or bond loss after 

5,000 hrs.

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: SILICONE SEALANT - CLASS C

Product Number: 11

Line Item #: 005 020A 020B 020C 020D 021A

021B 021C 012D 023A 023B 037

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

34

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Tensile Strengh ASTM C 1135* 15 PSI Maximum Yes No

Durometer Hardness Shore ASTM D 2240* "00" (20-80) Yes No

Bond to Concrete Mortar VTM 90* 35 PSI Minimum Yes No

Tack Free Time VTM 90* 180 mins. Maximum Yes No

Extrusion Rate VTM 90* 100 g/min Yes No

Non-volatile VTM 90* 90% Minimum Yes No

Specific Gravity ASTM D 792 (meth A)* 1.1 - 1.5 Yes No

Movement Capability VTM 90* No adhesive or cohesive Yes No

and Adhesion failure after 10 cycles

At 0 degrees F.

Ozone and U.V. Resistance ASTM C 793-T5* No chalking, cracking Yes No

and Adhesion or bond loss after 

5,000 hrs.

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: HOT POURED ASPHALT JOINT SEALANT

Product Number: 12

Line Item #: 010

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

35

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

FS-SS-S1401* Yes No

or

AASHTO MI73* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: BITUMINOUS PRIME AND TACK COAT

Product Number: 13

Line Item #: 001C 001D

002B 002C

004B 004C

011

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

36

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

ASTM D 977* Yes No

SS-Ih* Yes No

Negative spot test with AASHTO T102 with standard naptha for Yes No

base asphalt used to manufacture emulsion*

No Petroleum Distillate Solvents* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: EPOXY BONDING COMPOUNDS

Product Number: 14

Line Item #:

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

37

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

ASTM C 881* Yes No 

Type I* For bonding hardened concrete to hardened concrete Yes No

Type II* For bonding freshly mixed concrete to hardened concrete Yes No

Type III* As a binder in epoxy mortar or concrete, or for use in bonding Yes No

Skid-resistant materials to hardened surfaces

Grade 1 * For horizontal surfaces Yes No

Grade 2* For horizontal surfaces Yes No

Grade 3* For vertical surface Yes No

Class A* For low temperature application (below freezing) Yes No

Class B* For moderate temperature application (40 -60) Yes No

Class C* For higher temperature application (above 60 degrees F) Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: NONREINFORCED CONCRETE DRAINAGE PIPE

Product Number: 16

Line Item #: 028A

028B

028C

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

38

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

ASTM C 14M* Yes No

Class II* Yes No

Water-based Mold Releases Used in Concrete Manufacture* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: EMULSIFIELD ASPHALT SLURRY

Product Number: 18

Line Item #: 010

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

39

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

ASTM D 3910* Yes No

Type I* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
Contract Number: ______________________________

Project Title: Requirements Contract For Parking Lot & Road Repairs

Contractor: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Submittal Date: ______________________________

Submittal #: ______________________________

Item Description: ASPHALT CEMENT

Product Number: 19

Line Item #: 003

*The contractor must attach additional information showing that both operational and price differential requirements have been met.

GOVERNMENT APPROVAL

Date: _____________

Approved/Disapproved

Comments __________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Government Approving Official

40

Operational Requirement Requirement Met

(Mandatory) (Circle One)

Viscosity Grade Residue - AR 4000* Yes No

ASTM 3381* Yes No

Price Differential Requirement Contractor Submittal Requirement Met

(Optional) (Circle One)

Number of Price Differential Requirements Met: ______________

Environmental Performance Evaluation Worksheet
We want to hear from you! Please tell us about your EPP activities and

efforts. We are collecting and sharing information, tools, and hints

about what works and what doesn’t, as environmentally preferable purchasing evolves and expands. Please contact the EPP program by e-mail,

regular mail, or fax:

Eun-Sook Goidel

Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

401 M Street, SW. (7409)

Washington, DC 20460

e-mail: goidel.eunsook@epamail.epa.gov

FAX: 202 260-0178
1EPA

United States

Environmental Protection Agency

(7409)

Washington, DC 20460

Official Business 

Penalty for Private Use

$300