Third District Court of Appeal

State of Florida 

Opinion filed August 9, 2023.

Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.

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No. 3D22-902

Lower Tribunal No. 16-11257

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Mary Djurasevic, etc., et al.,

Appellants,

vs.

Ronald Thompson, et al.,

Appellees.

An Appeal from the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, Lourdes 

Simon, Judge.

McCarthy & Yersel, PLLC, and Martin G. McCarthy and Emre Yersel, 

for appellants.

Quaranta P.A., and John M. Quaranta and Natasha L. Biela, for 

appellees.

Before LOGUE, C.J., and HENDON and GORDO, JJ. 

LOGUE, C.J.
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Mary Djurasevic seeks review of the trial court’s order denying her 

joinder motion. In her capacity as the surviving trustee of the revocable trust 

of Stanley Walker, Djurasevic sued Ronald and Linda Thompson to foreclose 

on their residence. The Thompsons had executed a promissory note and 

mortgage to Walker. Djurasevic alleged that the note and mortgage were 

assigned to Walker’s revocable trust.

The parties filed competing motions for summary judgment. The 

Thompsons argued that Djurasevic, as the trustee, lacked standing, and she 

could only enforce the note and mortgage as executor of Walker’s estate. 

Thereafter, Djurasevic filed a motion to amend her complaint to join herself

in her individual capacity and in her capacity as executor of Walker’s estate.

The trial court denied the motion, ruling that joinder was improper because 

Djurasevic could not sue in separate capacities in a single suit.

Djurasevic contends this was error and argues she should have been 

permitted to bring suit in her three capacities—as trustee, executor, and 

individual—because she has the right to recover on the promissory note in 

each capacity. However, “a cause of action accruing to a plaintiff individually 

cannot be joined with one accruing to the plaintiff in a representative capacity 

although they rise out of the same occurrence because the respective 
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causes of action are not in the same right.” Metro. Dade Cnty. v. Hicks, 323 

So. 2d 590, 591 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975) (citation omitted).

An individual recovers in a personal capacity, whereas a 

representative recovers on behalf of another. Id. See also Pensacola Elec. 

Co. v. Soderlind, 53 So. 722, 724 (Fla. 1910). Thus, while the causes of 

action may result from the same transaction or occurrence, the right to relief 

differs. Hicks, 323 So. 2d at 591. See also Miami Dairy Farms, Inc. v. Tinsley, 

155 So. 850, 851 (Fla. 1934) (“These recoveries are in different rights for 

distinct injuries, and the damages are determined upon evidence of a 

different nature; therefore two separate actions are provided for.”). This “long 

established rule of law in Florida” requires us to affirm the trial court’s denial 

of joinder. Hicks, 323 So. 2d at 591.

Djurasevic further contends that the trial court erred by not allowing her 

to elect the capacity in which she sought to sue when denying her request 

for joinder, relying on this Court’s opinion in Department of Insurance of the 

State of Florida v. Coopers & Lybrand, 570 So. 2d 369 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990). 

Coopers & Lybrand, however, does not require a trial court to afford a plaintiff

the choice of which capacity to sue. The Department in Coopers & Lybrand

was only given this choice because it initially filed suit in all relevant

capacities and the issue was before the trial court on a motion to dismiss. Id.
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at 370-71. Here, in contrast, Djurasevic sought to join herself in separate 

capacities several years after she originally sued solely in her capacity as 

surviving trustee of Walker’s revocable trust.

Affirmed.