STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS 

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AL MANAGEMENT 

OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES 

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION NO. 21 

CONTROL OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS 

FROM PRINTING OPERATIONS 

EffectiWJ 5 April 1982 

LtlSt Amended 19 .July 2007 

AUTHORITY: These regulations are authorized pursuant to R.L Gen. Laws§ 42-

17 .1-2( s) and 23-23, as amended, and have been promulgated pursuant to the 

procedures set forth in the R.I. Administrative Procedures Act, R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 

42-35. 
STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS 

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 

OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES 

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION NO. 21 

CONTROL OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS 

FROM PRINTING OPERATIONS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

21.1 Definitions ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 

21.2 Applicability ................................................................................................................................................... 2 

21.3 Emission Limitations ...................................................................................................................................... 3 

21.4 Compliance Schedule ...................................................................................................................................... 5 

21.5 Alternative Standards Showing Internal Offsets for Printing Facilities (The "Bubble" Concept) .................. 8 

21.6 Compliance Demonstrationff esting .............................................................................................................. l l 

21. 7 Record.keeping .............................................................................................................................................. 1 l 

21.8 General Provisions ......................................................................................................................................... 14 
RHODE ISLAND DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AL MANAGEMENT 

OFFICE OF AIR RESOURCES 

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REGULATION NO. 21 

CONTROL OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS 

FROM PRINTING OPERATIONS 

21.1 Definitions 

Unless otherwise expressly defined in this section, the terms used in this regulation shall be 

defined by reference to the Rhode Island Air Pollution Control General Definitions 

Regulation. As used in this regulation, the following terms shall, where the context 

permits, be construed as follows: 

21.1. 1 "Emission Baseline" means a level of emissions calculated by multiplying two 

factors: 

(a) the lowest of the source's actual or allowable emission rate in 

emissions per unit of production; and 

(b) the source's actual capacity utilization, or units of production, over 

some representative time period. Generally, the time period is the 

preceding two years unless the source can demonstrate that those years 

were not representative of historical production. 

21.1.2 "Flexographic printing" means the application of words, designs and/or pictures 

to a substrate by means of a roll-printing technique in which the pattern to be 

applied is raised above the printing roll and the image carrier is made of rubber or 

other elastomeric materials. 

21.1.3 "Packaging rotogravure printing" means rotogravure printing upon paper, 

paper board, metal foil, plastic film or other substrates, and other substrates, 

which are, in subsequent operations, formed into packaging products and labels 

for articles to be sold. 

21.1.4 "Printing press" means equipment used to apply words, pictures, or graphic 

designs to either a continuous substrate or a sheet. A continuous substrate 

consists of paper, plastic, or other material that is unwound from a roll, passed 

through coating or ink applicators and any associated drying areas. The press 

includes all coating and ink applicators and drying areas between unwind and 

rewind of the continuous substrate. A sheet consists of paper, plastic, or other 

material that is carried through the process on a moving belt. The press includes 

all coating and ink. applicators and drying operations between the time that the 

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sheet is put on the moving belt until it is taken off. 

21.1.5 "Publication rotogravure printing" means rotogravure printing upon paper 

which is subsequently formed into books, magazines, catalogues, brochures, 

directories, newspaper supplements, or and other types of printed materials. 

21.1.6 "Roll printing" means the application of words, designs and/or pictures to a 

substrate by means of a series of hard rubber or steel rolls each with only partial 

coverage. 

21.1.7 "Rotogravure printing" means the application of words, designs and/or pictures 

to a substrate by means of a roll-printing technique, in which the pattern to be 

applied by the printing roll is accomplished by an intaglio or recessed image areas 

in the form of cells. 

21.1.8 "Specialty printing" means all other rotogravure and flexograpbic printing 

operations, excluding publication printing and packaging printing. 

21.2 Applicability 

21.2. l This regulation applies to all roll, specialty, rotogravure, and flexographic printing 

facilities whose potential to emit volatile organic compounds from printing 

operations is or ever has been, equal to or greater than 50 tons/year. Printing 

operations include but are not limited to printing, drying, mixing and any other 

functions associated with printing. 

21.2.2 This regulation does not apply to any equipment in a facility used 

exclusively for chemical or physical analysis or determination of product quality 

and commercial acceptance provided that the operation of the equipment is not an 

integral part of the production process and the total actual emissions from all such 

equipment at the facility do not exceed 204 kilograms (kg) ( 450 pounds (lb)) in 

any calendar month. 

21.2.3 Where e1t1er the term "Volatile Organic Compol:Hld" or "VOC" is used in 

8ectioJXS 21.2 throtigh 21.7, this tenn shotild be read as "Volatile Orgaaie 

Compmmd aad Halogenated Organic Compol:Hld" or "VOC and HOC". 

21.2.4 Sources with potential yearly emissions of 50 tons or more ofVOe, but 

with actual emissions not exceeding 50 tons/year voe since 1January1990, may 

apply to the Director for exemption from this regulation. Exemption from this 

regulation will be given in the form of an enforceable document, and will include 

the following conditions: 

(a) Actual annual emissions shall not exceed 50 tons VOe per year; and 

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(b) The facility will meet the emission cap every consecutive 12 month period or 

on another more stringent schedule approved as enforceable by the Director. 

The cap must be consistent with the anticipated level.of emissions in the 

approved SIP. Recordkeeping to demonstrate compliance will follow the 

guidelines in Section 21. 7. 

21.3 Emission Limitations 

21.3. l No owner or operator of a rotogravure, flexographic, or specialty printing facility 

subject to this regulation and employing solvent-containing ink may operate, 

cause, allow or permit the operation of the facility unless one of the following is 

complied with at all times: 

(a) the volatile fraction of ink, as it is applied to the substrate, contains not more 

than 25.0 percent by volume of organic solvent and not less than 75.0 percent 

by volume of water, or 

(b) the ink as it is applied to the substrate, less water, contains not less than 60.0 

percent by volume of nonvolatile material (solids), or 

( c) the installation of one or more approved volatile organic compound control 

device(s), as limited by Subsections 21.3.2 and 21.3.3, is certified to achieve 

at least a 90 percent reduction efficiency as measured across each control 

device, or 

( d) an alternative measure is employed which has been demonstrated to the 

satisfaction of the Director to have a volatile organic compound emission 

reduction at least equivalent to an amount potentially achieved by Subsections 

21.3.l (a) or (b). All alternative measures must be submitted for EPA 

approval as a source-specific SIP revision. 

21.3.2 A capture system must be used in conjunction with the emission control devices 

installed per Subsection 21.3 .1 ( c ). The design and operation of a capture system 

must be consistent With good engineering practice, and, in conjunction with the 

control device, must provide for an overall reduction in volatile organic 

compound emissions at each printing press of at least: 

(a) 75.0 percent where publication rotogravure printing process is employed, or 

(b) 65.0 percent where packaging rotogravure printing process or specialty 

printing process is employed, or 

(c) 60.0 percent where flexographic printing process is employed. 

Facilities using add on controls to comply with Subsection 21.3. I must show that 

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the equipment meets specific capture and control performance standards which 

will be set in an enforceable docwnent. 

Control device efficiency will be determined using EPA-approved test methods. 

Calculations will be done on a solids applied basis. Continuous compliance will 

be maintained at all times. Compliance averaging times will be met according to 

the control device chosen and EPA test methods (as codified in 40 CFR 60). as 

follows: 

Compliance Method 

Reformulation 

Solvent destruction or 

solvent recovery except 

carbon adsorption 

Carbon adsorption 

EPA Reference Test 

Method 

24 

25 

25 or other test method as 

appropriate 

Test Averaging Time 

instantaneous 

3 hours 

7 day rolling average 

or other methods approved by the Director and EPA. Once the control efficiency 

has been determined for any add-on control device by Reference Method 25. or 

any alternative method approved by the Department and EPA. compliance shall 

be determined on an instantaneous basis (e.g. determined control efficiency shall 

be used to calculate whether samples from the process meet the applicable 

emissions limit.) 

The owner or operator of a facility using carbon adsorption as a control measure shall 

obtain data on daily solvent usage and solvent recovery and determine the solvent 

recovery efficiency of the system every day. The recovery efficiency for each day shall 

be computed as the ratio of the total recovered solvent for that day and the prior six 

consecutive operating days to the total solvent usage for the same seven day period. This 

ratio shall be expressed as a percentage. Facilities may apply to the Director for an 

alternative averaging time if meeting the emission limitation as a 7 day rolling average is 

not technically or economically feasible. In no event shall the averaging period exceed a 

30-day rolling period. All alternative averaging periods must be consistent with EPA 

guidance. 

21.3.3 Control and capture equipment installed per subsections 21.3.l (c) and 21.3.2 will 

be incorporated in a permit issued in accordance with Air Pollution Control 

Regulation Nwnber 9 or by approval. Compliance with the permit or approval 

will be determined, when necessary. with DEM and EPA approved test methods. 

The permit or approval will include record keeping and test methods required to 

demonstrate compliance. 

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21.4 Compliance Schedule 

21.4.1 (a)The owner or operator of a rotogravure or flexographic printing facility subject 

to this regulation shall achieve compliance with the emission limitations in 

Section 21.3 according to the dates in Subsections 21.4.2 and 21.4.3, and shall 

submit in writing proposed plans and compliance schedules described in 

Subsections 21. 4 .4 (a) and 21.4 .4 (b) to the Director for approval no later thain 

the dates listed in Subsection 21.4.4 ( c ). 

(b) All printing presses commencing operation after 28 January 1993 must be in 

compliance with the emission limits specified in Section 21.3 upon 

commencing operation. 

21.4.2 All replacement or modification of process equipment and installation of 

control equipment to comply with the requirements of subsection 21.3 .1 ( c) shall 

be accomplished as expeditiously as practicable but no later than the following 

dates: 

(a) For facilities which had actual yearly emissions of 100 tons or more ofVOe 

prior to 5 April 1982, compliance shall be achieved by 5 April 1984; 

(b) For facilities which had actual yearly emissions of 100 tons per year or more 

prior to 10 December 1989 but not before 5 April 1982, compliance shall be 

achieved no later than two (2) years after becoming an actual 100 ton source; 

(c) For facilities which ever had potential yearly ·emissions of 100 tons or more of 

voe prior to 10 December 1989, compliance shall be achieved by 10 

December 1991 ; 

(d) For facilities which have or have ever had potential yearly emissions of 50 

tons or more of voe since 1 January 1990, compliance shall be achieved by 

31May1995; and 

(e) For facilities which become a potential 50 ton per year VOe source after 28 

January 1993, compliance shall be achieved by 31May1995 or 18 months 

after the date the facility first becomes a potential 50 ton/year voe facility, 

whichever is later. 

21.4.3 Reformulation or alternative measures instituted to comply with the requirements 

of Subsections 21.3.l (a), 21.3.l (b) or 21.3.l (d) shall be accomplished as 

expeditiously as practicable but no later than the following dates: 

(a) For facilities which had actual yearly emissions of 100 tons or more ofVOe 

before 5 April 1982, compliance shall be achieved by 5 April 1985; 

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(b) For facilities which had actual yearly emissions of 100 tons per year or more 

prior to 10 December 1989 but not before 5 April 1982, compliance shall be 

achieved no later than three (3) years after becoming an actual 100 ton source; 

( c) For facilities which ever had potential yearly emissions of 100 tons or more of 

VOC prior to 10 December 1989, compliance shall be achieved by 10 

December 1992; 

( d) For facilities which have or have ever had potential yearly emissions of 50 

tons or more ofVOC since 1January1990, compliance shall be achieved by 

31May1995; and 

(e) For facilities which become a potential 50 ton per year VOC source after 28 

January 1993, compliance shall be achieved by 31May1995 or 18 months 

after the date the facility first becomes a potential 50 ton/year voe facility, 

whichever is later. 

21.4 .4 (a )All compliance schedules for process equipment replacement or modification 

or for installation of control equipment shall provide for periodic increments of 

progress to document such, including but not limited to: 

( 1) Submittal of engineering plans, 

(2) Issuance of purchase orders, 

(3) Installation date of equipment, 

(4) Date by which the applicable regulatory emission limitation will be 

achieved after equipment is in satisfactory operation, 

(5) A written report every six months that details the progress in attaining 

compliance with this regulation. 

(b) All compliance schedules based upon reformulation or alternative measures 

shall provide for periodic increments of progress, including but not limited to: 

(1) Submittal of research, engineering plans, and formulations, 

(2) Operating and maintenance procedures, 

(3) Schedules for research and development~ 

( 4) Purchase orders for reformulations, 

(5) Commencement and completion of process modifications and product 

marketability testing, 

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(6) Date by which regulatory emission limitation will be achieved, 

(7) Justification showing the need for alternative measures, if chosen, and 

(8) A written report every six months that details progress towards 

attaining compliance with this regulation. 

(c) Compliance schedules discussed in Subsections 21.4.4 (a) and 21.4.4 (b) shall 

be submitted by the following dates: 

(1) For facilities which had actual yearly emissions of 100 tons or more of 

VOC prior to 5 April 1982, compliance schedules shall be submitted 5 

August 1982; 

(2) For facilities which had actual yearly emissions of 100 tons of more of 

VOC prior to 10 December 1989 but not before 5 April 1982, 

compliance schedules shall be submitted by four months after 

becoming an actual 100 ton per year voe source; 

(3) For facilities which had potential yearly emissions of 100 tons or more 

ofVOC prior to 10 December 1989, compliance schedules shall be 

submitted by 10 April 1990; 

(4) For facilities which have or have ever had potential yearly emissions 

of 50 tons or more ofVOC since 1 January 1990, compliance 

schedules shall be submitted by 30 May 1993; and 

(5) For facilities which become a potential 50 ton per year VOC source 

after 28 January 1993, compliance schedules shall be submitted by 30 

May 1993 or 4 months after the date the facility first becomes a 

potential 50 ton/year voe facility, whichever is later. 

21.4.5 The owner or operator of a facility subject to a compliance schedule by this 

section shall certify to the Director within five (5) days after the deadline for each 

increment of progress as to whether the required increment of progress has been 

met, and written documentation or photocopies of documents shall be included as 

evidence, whenever applicable. 

21.4.6 The emission limitations of Section 21.3 may be relaxed subject to the following 

conditions: 

(a) The owner or operator of a facility documents to the satisfaction of the 

Director that such emission limitations cannot be met because neither coating 

reformulation( s) nor the instailation of a control system is economically or 

technically feasible or even partially feasible, and 

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(b) The facility shall provide the Director with the documentation no later than 

twelve (12) months after the effective date of this regulation and 

( c) The facility shall submit new emission limitations that will represent an 

Alternative Reasonably Available Control Technology for approval by the 

Director. Alternative RACT shall also be submitted to EPA as a sourcespecific SIP revision. New emission limitations shall be achieved within two 

years of submittal of a SIP revision to EPA; and 

( d) The Director shall require the facility to undergo Reasonably Available 

Control Technology review every three years thereafter until the emission 

limitations of Section 21.3 are achieved. 

21.4.7 (a) The compliance schedule shall not allow a printing press to supersede any 

applicable emission limitations required by the Director but not limited to: 

(1) Best Available Control Technology determinations, or 

(2) Lowest Achievable Emissions Rate determinations, or 

(3) Federal New Source Performance Standards, or 

(4) National Emission Standards of Hazardous Air Pollutants, or 

(5) Any other condition or standard that is specifically required by the 

Clean Air Act (as amended) for new or modified sources. 

(6) For bubbles issued under Section 215, the emission baseline. 

(b) For compliance schedules allowing bubbles involving volatile 

organic compounds identified as hazardous, the provisions ofEPA's 

bubble policy (51FR43814) on pollutant comparability shall apply. 

21.5 Alternative Standards Showing Internal Offsets for Printing Facilities (The 

"Bubble" Concept) 

21.5.1 The Director may approve alternative volatile organic compound emission 

standards in applicable compliance schedules if the requirements of Subsections 

21.5.2 through 21.5.9 are met. The option to meet requirements of Regulation 21 

by bubbling is not available if the Federal Environmental Protection Agency has 

designated Rhode Island as a Non-Attainment Area for Ozone and the area is 

lacking an approved demonstration of attainment (NALAD). Bubbles approved 

when the state is under other designations shall remain in force when the state is 

designated as NALAD for Ozone. 

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21.5.2 The facility demonstrates, by means of approved material balance or a DEM and 

EPA-acceptable emission test, that sufficient reductions in volatile organic 

compound emissions may be obtained by controlling other existing printing 

presses in an amount equivalent to all excess emissions resulting from one or 

more printing presses not achieving the emission limitations of Section 21. 3. 

Such written demonstration shall be submitted to the Director and shall include: 

(a) A description of the printing presses which will not comply with the emission 

limitations, 

(b) Pounds per day of volatile organic compounds emitted in excess of allowable 

emissions for each printing press. Nonreactive voe may not generate credit 

in a trade against reactive voe in a bubble, 

( c) A description of all printing presses within the facility with air cleaning 

devices, if any, whose emissions, when bubbled, will offset those from 

printing presses reported under Subsection 21.5.2(a), 

( d) Pounds per day of volatile organic compound·s from each printing press before 

and after the installation of any air cleaning device and/or a description of any 

physical or operational changes at the facility to reduce emissions and the date 

on which such reductions will be achieved, and 

·( e) A description of the procedures and methods used to determine the emissions 

of volatile organic ccompounds. 

(f) Demonstration of how compliance will be met on a 24 hour basis. Printing 

facilities utilizing Section 21.5 must demonstrate compliance with this 

regulation on a gallons of s.olids applied basis. 

(g) The Department shall not approve any emissions bubble without first giving 

public notice at least 30 days prior to approval, and affording all interested 

persons opportunity to comment. The public may request a hearing. Upon a 

demonstration of significant public interest, the Director, in his discretion, 

may hold a hearing. EPA shall be provided with the public notice, proposed 

approval order, and technical support by the first day of the public comment 

period. Public (and EPA) comments will be considered prior to final approval 

of the bubble application. Upon issuance of final approval of the bubble, EPA 

will be mailed a copy of the approval, new technical support, and response to 

public comments. 

(b) The combined actual emission over a 24-hour period from all inks in the 

bubble used on printing presses which are part of the graphic arts facility and 

which are eligible as per subsection 21.5.9 (a) must be less than or equal to 

the allowable emission total (E) determined by the following equation: 

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E = A 1 x B 1 + A2 x B2 + ... + An x Bn: 

where 

E= the allowable emissions from the graphic arts facility in pounds per 

day; 

Al, A2, ... , An= the applicable emission limitation for each ink (which for 

the purposes of Subsection 21.5 shall be 0.5 pounds ofVOC/pound of 

solids applied); 

B 1, B2 ... , Bn = the pounds of solids applied for each ink in that 24-hour 

period. 

21.5 .3 The facility-wide emission reduction plan cannot include decreases in emissions 

resulting from other regulations that have been promulgated by the Director. 

21.5.4 The facility-wide emission reduction plan shall be fully implemented within two 

years of approval by the Director. 

21.5.5 Any emissions in excess of those limits established for each printing press in any 

compliance schedule or order issued under this section shall be a violation. 

21.5.6 All compliance schedules based on the provisions of this section shall be subject 

to all the conditions of Subsection 21.4.6. 

21.5.7 The provisions and emission limitations of any approved bubble shall be 

incorporated in an approval. Compli'ance with this approval will be determined, 

when necessary, with EPA approved test methods. The approval must include 

source specific emission limits, record.keeping requirements, and test methods 

used to demonstrate compliance. A facility which is subject to an enforcement 

action needs EPA approval to bubble. 

21.5.8 Facilities applying to bubble will be assigned an emission baseline, as described 

in Subsection 21.1.1 Capacity utilization will be based on the average production 

during the two-year period prior to application to bubble. The facility's annual 

emissions may not exceed the limit set by the emission baseline. Emissions must 

be reported monthly and compliance with the emission baseline must be met 

every consecutive 12 month period, or on a more stringent compliance schedule 

approved by the Director. 

21.5.9 An approvable bubble must meet the following requirements: 

(a) Emissions must be surplus. The reductions must not have been included in 

those anticipated in the State Implementation Plan for the affected source. 

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ERC's cannot be taken for reductions made prior to the base year of the State's 

Approved SIP. Emissions reductions shown must not have been required by 

current state regulations, and must not be used by the facility to meet any 

other regulatory requirement. 

(b) Emission reductions must be permanent. The amount and duration of the 

reductions must be shown. 

(c) Emission reductions must be quantifiable. A reliable basis for calculating the 

amount and rate of reductions must be used. Emission rates before and after 

the reductions must be shown, and the reductions described. 

( d) Emission reductions must be enforceable. An approval containing 

enforceable emissions rates will be issued. 

(e) All of the requirements ofEPA's final Emission Trading Policy (51 FR 

43814) must be met. 

21.6 Compliance Demonstrationff esting 

21.6.1 Compliance with applicable sections of this regulation shall be demonstrated in 

accordance with 40 CPR 60, Appendix A, Methods 24, 24A, 25 as amended or 

any other EPA approved method which has been accepted by the Director and 

EPA. A one hour bake time must be used for Methods 24 and 24A and, further, 

Method 24 and 24A apply to multicomponent coatings. 

21. 7 Recordkeeping 

21.7.l (a) The facility shall maintain the following information at the facility at all 

times. This information shall be kept current and be made available to the 

DEM or EPA upon request. 

1. Printing coating press number 

2. Hours of operation per day or per year 

3. Method of application 

4. Number and types of inks coats applied to the substrate 

5. Drying method 

6. Substrate type 

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(b) For each ink coating, 

1. Supplier name, ink coating name and Identification number 

2. Ink Coating density (lb/gal) 

3. Total volatile content of ink coating as supplied (vol%) 

4. Water content of ink coating as supplied (wt%) 

5. Exempt solvent content of ink coating as supplied (wt%) 

6. Solids content of ink coating as supplied (wt°/o) 

7. Name of diluent, if any 

8. Identification number of diluent 

9. Diluent solvent density (lb/gal) 

10. voe content of diluent (wt%) 

11. Exempt solvent content of diluent (wt%) 

12. Diluent/coating ratio (gal diluent/gal coating) 

The facility should maintain 8) through 12) above for any diluent and solvents 

used for cleanup operations. 

c) The facility shall keep the following records on site for each 

printing coating press on a daily basis: 

1. Printing coating press number 

2. Time period 

3. Ink Coating identification number 

4. Amount of ink coating used (gallons) 

5. Diluent identification number 

6. Amount of diluent used (gallons) 

The facility shall also maintain 5) and 6) for clean up operations. 

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d) All record and reports must be maintained by the facility for no less than five 

years. 

e) Additional recordkeeping and reporting for facilities with add-on control 

1. The facility shall maintain the following information at all times. This 

information shall be kept current and be made available to the DEM 

and EPA upon request. 

a) Control device identification number and model number 

b) Manufacturer 

c) Installation date 

d) Printing press( es) controlled 

e) Whether or not the control device is always in operation when 

the press( es) it is serving is in operation 

t) Type of control device 

g) Destruction or removal efficiency 

h) Date tested (If not tested, method of determining destruction 

efficiency) 

i) For thermal incinerators-design combustion temperature (°F) 

j) For catalytic incinerators- design exhaust gas temperature (°F), 

design temperature rise across catalyst bed (°F), anticipated 

frequency of catalyst change, and catalyst changes 

k) For a condenser-design inlet temperature of cooling medium 

C°F), design exhaust gas temperature (°F) 

1) For a carbon adsorber-design pressure drop across the 

adsorber, voe concentration at breakthrough 

m) Emission test results-inlet VOC concentration (ppm), outlet 

VOC concentration (ppm), method of concentration 

determination, date of determination 

n) Type and location of capture system 

o) Capture efficiency (%) 

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p) Method of determining capture efficiency 

2. The facility shall continuously monitor and record at least the 

following parameters. 

a) For thermal incinerators - exhaust gas temperature (°F) 

b) For catalytic incinerators - exhaust gas temperature (°F), 

temperature rise across the catalyst bed (°F) 

c) For condensers - inlet temperature of cooling medium (°F), 

exhaust gas temperature (°F) 

d) For carbon adsorbers - pressure drop across the adsorber, 

hydrocarbon levels for breakthrough 

21.8 General Provisions 

21.8.l Purpose 

The purpose of this regulation is to limit volatile organic compound emissions from 

printing operations. 

21.8.2 Authority 

These regulations are authorized pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws§ 42-17.l-2(s) and 23-23, as 

amended, and have been promulgated pursuant to the procedures set forth in the R.I. 

Administrative Procedures.Act, R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 42-35 

21.8.3 Application 

The terms and provisions ofthis regulation shall be liberally eoastrued to permit the 

Departmeat to effeohlate the pWJ>oses of state l&"+v, goals aad policies. 

21.8.4 Severability 

If any provision of this regulation or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, 

is held invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, the validity of the remainder of the 

regulation shall not be affected thereby. 

21.8.5 Effective Date 

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The foregoing regulation, "Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Printing 

Operations", as amended, after due notice, is hereby adopted and filed with the Secretary of 

State this 29th day of June , 2007 to become effective twenty (20) days 

thereafter, in accordance with the provisions of Chapters 23-23, 42-35, 42-17.1, 42-17.6, of 

the General Laws of Rhode Island of 1956, as amended. 

W. Michael Sullivan, PhD., Director 

Department of Environmental Management 

Notice Given on: February 21, 2007 

Public Hearing held: March 23, 2007 

Filing Date: June 29, 2007 

Effective Date: July 19, 2007 

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