EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES FOR CHILDREN NEWSLETTER 

news

VOLUME 11, NO.4, WINTER 1998

Page 2

48 Hours Airs 

“Save My Child!”

Page 3 

EMSC Targeted

Issue Grants Awarded

Page 4

EMS Pediatric

Transport Safety

Study

Page 6 

Healthy Start and

EMSC Urged to 

Join Forces

Page 8 

News from NHTSA

Page 12 

NAGHSR Releases

State Safety Belt

Report

Page 13 

Colorado Takes

Injury Prevention 

‘On the Road’

Healthy People 2010 Draft Document

Includes Many EMSC-related Initiatives

A

dministered by the U.S. Department of

Health and Human Services (HHS) over

the past two decades, Healthy People is

a national health promotion and disease prevention initiative that identifies opportunities

to improve the health of all Americans. 

The first set of national health objectives

was published in 1979 in Healthy People: 

The Surgeon General’s Report on Health

Promotion and Disease Prevention. Healthy

People 2000, which reinforces the lessons of

the first Surgeon General’s report, is the product of unprecedented collaboration among

government, voluntary and professional organizations, businesses, and individuals. Its

framework is based on three primary goals:

(1) to increase the span of healthy life for

Americans; (2) to reduce health disparities

among Americans; and (3) to achieve access

to preventive services for all Americans. 

Paying Tribute to an EMSC Friend, Colleague, and Leader 

MCHB’s Jean Athey Retires

(See Athey, page 7)

(See Healthy People, page 5)

INSIDE THIS

ISSUE

J

ean Athey, PhD, surprised everyone last

October when she announced her decision 

to take an early retirement from the federal

government. Since 1992, Dr. Athey has

served as the project officer for the Maternal 

and Child Health Bureau’s (MCHB) Emergency

Medical Services for Children (EMSC) Program.

She has been a driving force in promoting EMSC

and in expanding its focus beyond the emergency

care setting to include all aspects of child health

services. Her dedication to and leadership of

EMSC will be greatly missed.

Like many professionals beginning a new

career, Dr. Athey knew little of the issues and

problems faced by health care providers in providing high quality emergency care to children.

She began talking with family members and

friends, as well as with EMSC grantees. The 

more she learned, the more passionate she

became about overcoming the challenges faced

by children and their families. For the last six

years, she has immersed herself in EMSC as a

federal project officer, a leader, and an advocate

for child health.

Dr. Athey knows how to get things done.

In 1993 after reading the Institute of Medicine’s

1993 report, Emergency Medical Services for

Children, she visualized the need for an EMSC

long-term national agenda. Her idea became a

reality in 1995 when the EMSC Five-year Plan,

1995-2000 was published. This document
2 EMSC News WINTER ’98 

EMSC Program Director, MCHB

Jean Athey, PhD

Director, EMSC National Resource Center

Jane Ball, RN, DrPH

Managing Editor

Suzanne Kieffer, MA

Editor

Margo Gillman

Production Assistant

Sonja Jones

Design 

Design Central, Inc.

EMSC News is a publication of the

Emergency Medical Services for Children

(EMSC) Program, a federally funded initiative jointly administered by the Health

Resources and Services Administration’s

Maternal and Child Health Bureau

(MCHB) and the National Highway Traffic

Safety Administration. ISSN 1522-5275.

EMSC News is published four times a year

by the EMSC National Resource Center,

111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington,

DC 20010-2970; 202/884-4927 (phone);

301/650-8045 (fax); info@emscnrc.com 

(e-mail); www.ems-c.org (web).

Subscriptions to EMSC News are free.

EMSC News welcomes articles on people,

programs, and procedures related to

emergency medical services for children.

All manuscripts, artwork, or photography

should be submitted to Suzanne Kieffer

at the EMSC National Resource Center. 

© 1998 EMSC Program. All rights reserved.

news

48 Hours Airs “Save My Child!”

EMSC Secures Follow-up Stories in Several Local Media Markets

O n Thursday, October 8, 1998,

CBS’s 48 Hours aired “Save My

Child!” This one-hour program

featured a behind-the-scenes look at

Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical

Center, one of the busiest pediatric

facilities in the nation. For two days

and two nights producers followed the

doctors and nurses, and interviewed

patients and parents entering the 

hospital’s emergency department.

The Emergency Medical Services

for Children (EMSC) National

Resource Center (NRC) assisted CBS

producers by providing key statistics

about the state of pediatric emergency

care. Much of the information provided was included in Dan Rather’s opening statement at the beginning 

of the program. 

The segment was accurate and

compelling, serving as an excellent

educational piece for pediatric emergency care. Several EMSC grantees

used the national report to generate

local media coverage on EMSC 

activities. Two states—New York and

Tennessee—secured follow up stories

on their local 11 o’clock evening 

news programs. 

New York EMSC Project

Coordinator Gloria Hale worked with

Albany’s ABC-affiliate WTEN to air a

three-minute story on the national

EMSC Program and regional EMSC

efforts, such as New York’s train-thetrainer program. Tennessee’s EMSC

project secured local coverage from

the CBS affiliates in Memphis

(WREG), Nashville (WTVF), and

Knoxville (WVLT). All three stories,

which ran between one to three minutes in length, focused on finding

appropriate emergency department

care for children and the recent

enactment of EMSC federal legislation. 

Several other representatives of

state EMSC projects reported that

local correspondents were interested

in running follow-up stories. However,

tight time constraints limited their

ability to secure spokespersons and

obtain administrative approval.

“Many more follow-up stories

would have aired had grantees been

properly trained in working with 

their local reporters,” said NRC

Communication Director Suzanne

Kieffer. A “how-to” workshop has

been added to the EMSC Annual

Grantees Meeting to help grantees and

other advocates pitch EMSC-related

stories to local media representatives.

The workshop will take place from

1:30 PM to 3:00 PM, on Sunday,

January 31, 1999. 

The 48 Hours segment will be

available for viewing at the Grantees

Meeting. To purchase videotaped

copies, call CBS Worldwide Inc. at

(800) 934-NEWS. Transcripts are also

available by calling (800) 777-TEXT. A

small fee will be assessed.

Left: While filming

“Save My Child,” 

48 Hours Anchor 

Dan Rather took 

viewers on an emergency department 

tour at Cincinnati

Children’s Hospital.
PUBLIC POLICY NETWORK 

••• •••PUBLIC POLICY NETWORK••• •••

EMSC News WINTER ’98 3

B

efore the 105th Congress came to

a close, policy makers successfully completed work on two emergency medical services for children

(EMSC)-related measures: federal 

program funding and its continuation

through the year 2005.

EMSC Program Funded at 

$15 Million 

For fiscal year 1999, Congress

appropriated $15 million for the federal

EMSC Program. This represents a $2

million increase over the 1998 level

and $4 million above the President’s

budget request. 

Other funding allocations of the

$88.1 billion Labor, Health and Human

Services, and Education portion of the

Omnibus Appropriations bill (H.R.

4328) include:

• $15.6 billion for the National

Institutes of Health.

• $700 million for the Maternal

and Child Health Title V Block Grant. 

• $5 million for the Health

Resources and Services

Administration’s (HRSA) Traumatic

Brain Injury State Demonstration

Projects.

• $2.6 billion for the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 

• $25 million for the Medicare

Rural Hospital Flexibility Grants

Program authorized in the Balanced

Budget Act of 1997. (Operated by

HRSA, this program will provide grants

to help states improve access to essential health care services in rural communities, including improving rural

emergency medical services.)

• Support for CDC and HRSA 

to help establish a toll-free telephone

number linking certified poison control

centers with a nationwide databank.

CDC will be encouraged to support an

ongoing public service media campaign

to familiarize the public with the tollfree number and its services.

EMSC Program Reauthorized 

Congress also passed the Health

Professions Education Partnerships Act

of 1998, which provides for the federal

EMSC Program reauthorization.

Originally sponsored by Senator Bill

Frist (R-TN), S.1754 includes the following programmatic changes: 

• Expands the funding cycle of

each grant from two years to three

years with an optional fourth year;

• Increases the maximum number

of grants per state from one to three,

per fiscal year; and

• Extends the authorization 

of EMSC federal appropriations

through 2005.

The bill was signed by President

Clinton on November 13, 1998.

For more information on EMSCrelated public policy activities, please

contact the EMSC National Resource

Center at (202) 884-4927 or

info@emscnrc.com.

(EMSC Targeted Issue, page 14)

I

n October 1998, four new emergency medical services for children

(EMSC) targeted issue grants were

awarded. A brief description of each

new grant and an update on the current targeted issue grants is provided

below. For additional information,

please access the EMSC web site at

www.ems-c.org. Once here, click on

“Data Collection and Research.”

New Targeted Issue Grants

Partners in Safety: An

Intervention to Encourage Parents to

Implement Graduated Driver Licensing

Guidelines. Connecticut Children’s

Medical Center, Hartford, CT. Contact:

Gary Lapidus at Glapidu@ccmckids.org.

EMS and Children with Special

Health Care Needs: A Model Program

to Evaluate Systems and Propose

Improvements. Children’s National

Medical Center, Washington, DC.

Contact: Terry Adirim, MD, at

tadirim@cnmc.org.

Evaluating Occupant Safety

Systems for Pediatric Patients in

Ambulance Vehicles: Pediatric-safe

Transport. Johns Hopkins Medical

Institutions, Baltimore, MD. Contact:

Nadine Levick, MD, at nlevick@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu. 

Reducing Adolescent Risk

Behavior. Harborview Injury Prevention

and Research Center, Seattle, WA.

Contact: Frederick Rivara, MD, MPH, 

at fpr@u.washington.edu.

Current Targeted Issue Grants

Outcomes Research in Pediatric

Trauma Patients. University of

Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little

Rock, AR. This grant continues to

assess the benefits of early access to

rehabilitative services to families and

children. Approximately 84% of the

families invited to participate in the

project have been enrolled. The project is also assessing the preparedness

of community physicians in providing

care to children with special health

care needs. Contact: Kathy Barrett

at kbarrett@CARE.ACH.UAMS.EDU.

The Adoption and Appraisal of

EMSC Standards. Loyola University

Medical Center, Maywood, IL. This

grant is using a linked EMSC data set

to assist local, regional, and statewide

agencies in assessing their compliance

with EMSC standards and to launch

Four EMSC Targeted Issue

Grants Awarded in FY 1998
4 EMSC News WINTER ’98 

Johns Hopkins Awarded Grant

for EMS Pediatric Transport

Safety Study

I

t is estimated that emergency medical service (EMS) vehicles in the

United States transport approximately five million pediatric patients

per year. Unlike the well developed

and publicized community-based automotive childhood passenger safety recommendations, testing standards and

guidelines for the safe EMS transport

of ill and injured children have yet to

be developed (see Systems Scoop,

EMSC News, Vol. 11, No. 3). 

In 1996, a study was conducted in

Australia to test a range of currently

used or available restraint devices (i.e.,

child restraint blankets, Plexiglas cots,

and infant and child safety seats).

Results of the preliminary testing suggest that available pediatric restraint

devices can fail if subjected to loads

similar to those of a real crash environment. However, the study also

found that pediatric transport restraint

safety can be improved with simple

and inexpensive modifications to existing devices, especially the infant and

child safety seats. Nadine Levick, MD,

the study’s lead researcher, concluded

that dynamic crash testing of pediatric

ambulance transport devices can and

should be performed, and that ambulance restraint safety standards and

regulations may further enhance current ambulance restraint effectiveness. 

This past year, the National

Highway Traffic Safety Administration

awarded a grant to the Johns Hopkins

University School of Medicine to

develop more advanced testing in 

the United States. Dr. Levick will

head the research team. 

On November 9, 1998, Dr. Levick

met with several emergency medical

services for children (EMSC) experts

at the EMSC National Resource

Center in Silver Spring, MD, to review

plans for and share background information about her upcoming study on

ambulance child transport safety.

According to Dr. Levick, the objectives of the new study are to:

• Estimate the annual number of

pediatric emergency transports, by age,

nationally;

• Determine an ambulance transport profile of biomechanic risk factor

and hazard profiles for each pediatric

age group by:

– Reviewing and integrating existing

epidemiologic and biomechanic

dynamic test data and

– Identifying gaps in existing 

knowledge; and

• Propose safety guidelines for the

transport of ill and injured children.

Although adverse events related

to ambulance transports are infrequent, particularly compared to passenger car road trauma, the safety of

ambulance vehicles and patient transport is paramount. The absence of formal practice guidelines force prehospital and interhospital transport

providers to make ad-hoc practice

decisions that may inadvertently place

already ill and injured children at risk

of injury in the EMS transport environment. EMSC’s goal, and the purpose of this study, is to develop a comprehensive approach for safe EMS

pediatric transport based on available

scientific data.

For more information on Dr.

Levick’s study, contact the EMSC

National Resource Center at (202)

884-4927.

Roving Reporter

The EMSC National Resource

Center (NRC) exhibits at more than

20 national and regional conferences per year, distributing EMSC

products and resources to tens of

thousands of people throughout the

nation. Pictured here from left to

right are NRC’s Sonja Jones and

Crissy Rivers at the American

Public Health Association’s Annual

Meeting held from November 15-19,

1998, in Washington, DC. More than

13,000 individuals attended the

meeting, making it the largest

health care conference in the nation.
EMSC News WINTER ’98 5

The recently introduced Healthy

People 2010 (Draft for Public Comment)

consists of two overarching goals: 

(1) to increase the quality and years

of healthy life and (2) to eliminate

health disparities. Hundreds of

national objectives are organized into

the initiative’s 26 priority areas,

which serve to promote healthy

behaviors, promote healthy and safe

communities, improve systems for

personal and public health, and 

prevent and reduce diseases and 

disorders. 

Most emergency medical services

for children (EMSC)-related objectives are covered under priority 10:

access to quality health services.

Priority 10 is subdivided into four

categories: preventive care, primary

care, emergency services, and longterm care and rehabilitative services.

The goals and objectives of the emergency services category are described

below. For information on other categories or to review the entire Healthy

People 2010 document refer to the

web site: web.health.gov/healthypeople/2010Draft.

Goal: Assure Access to Timely

Emergency Services 

Objective 1: Increase to at least 90%

the proportion of all individuals who

have access to rapidly responding

prehospital emergency medical services (EMS). (Defined in urban areas

as a response time of less than 9 minutes between initiation of an emergency call and arrival of EMS on the

scene for 90% of such calls. Defined

in rural areas as availability of EMS

within 40 miles of the place where 

an emergency call is initiated.) 

Objective 2: Increase the proportion

of patients whose access to emergency services when and where they

need them is unimpeded by their

insurance status or by their health

plan’s coverage or payment policies. 

Objective 3: Establish a single tollfree telephone number for access to

Poison Control Centers (PCC) on a

24-hour basis throughout the United

States. (Baseline: as of early 1998, 12

of 74 PCCs in the U.S. share a single

toll-free telephone number: 1-800

POISON1.)

Goal: Assure Appropriate, HighQuality Emergency Care 

Objective 1: Assure access to timesensitive care for individuals with

symptoms and signs of an acute

myocardial infarction or who have 

a witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac

arrest.

Objective 2: Increase to at least 25%

the proportion of eligible patients

with acute myocardial infarction who

receive clot-dissolving therapy within

an hour of symptom onset.

Objective 3: Increase to at least 

90% the proportion of persons with

witnessed, out-of-hospital cardiac

arrest who receive their first therapeutic electrical shock within 10

minutes of collapse recognition.

Goal: Increase Access to

Emergency Care that Meets 

the Special Needs of Children

in the Prehospital and Hospital

Settings 

Objective 1: Increase to 50 the number of state EMS agencies that have

pediatric protocols for both online

medical direction of emergency medical technicians and paramedics at the

scene of an emergency and overall

medical direction in the development

of written pediatric protocols, medical

policies, and guidelines. (Baseline: 11

states in 1997.)

Objective 2: Increase to 50 the number of states that have adopted and

disseminated pediatric guidelines that

categorize acute care facilities with

the equipment, drugs, trained personnel, and facilities necessary to provide

varying levels of pediatric emergency

and critical care. (Baseline: 18 states

in 1997.)

Goal: Assure Access to Followup Mental Health Services for

Persons Treated in Emergency

Departments 

Objective 1: Increase to 75% the 

number of hospital emergency departments that provide or arrange followup mental health services for persons

treated for mental health problems,

including self-destructive behavior.

(Baseline: in 1995-1996, of persons

seen in emergency departments for

self-destructive behavior or for mental

illness (ICD-9-CM range 290-315),

35.6% were referred to another 

physician or clinic.)

For more information, contact Jean

Moody-Williams at (301) 650-8143.

Healthy People 2010 (from page 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010
6 EMSC News WINTER ’98 

T

he Healthy Start Initiative, 

a national program funded

through the Health Resources

and Services Administration’s

Maternal and Child Health Bureau,

works to reduce infant mortality in

the United States by improving access

to and usage of perinatal care, as well

as developing community and corporate involvement for the improvement

of infant health and survival. As a

result, Healthy Start and Emergency

Medical Services for Children (EMSC)

have tremendous potential for collaboration, enabling each group to learn

from one another and improve health

services and access to care.

Why should EMSC and Healthy

Start join forces? According to the

Child and Adolescent Emergency

Department Visit Databook (Weiss et

al, 1997), between 1992 and 1994 the

greatest number of medical-related

visits was found in the 0-2 age group.

This age group made 2.5 times as

many emergency department visits as

any other age group. 

By working together and sharing

resources, EMSC and Healthy Start

grantees can help reduce these numbers. 

As a first step toward enhancing

the relationship between the two organizations, EMSC National Resource

Center State Outreach Coordinator

Shulamit Lewin gave a presentation 

to attendees of Healthy Start’s Annual

Grantee Meeting, held from October

31-November 3, 1998, in Washington,

DC. In addition to providing a brief

overview of the Program and distributing EMSC grantee contact lists, Ms.

Lewis reiterated the importance for

EMSC and Healthy Start to collaborate

and share resources on improving the

health outcomes of infants, children,

and adolescents.

To identify a Healthy Start program in your state, call Ms. Lewin at

(301) 650-8026 or access Healthy

Start’s web site at www.healthystart.net.

Healthy Start and EMSC Urged

to Join Forces in Advocating

for Children’s Health

S

ponsored by the Benton

Foundation, KidsCampaigns is an

award-winning project providing

tools and resources to help people

become more active citizens—from

volunteering to voting—on behalf of

kids. One of its most visible activities

is the national “The More You Know”

public service announcement campaign sponsored by NBC-TV. Recently,

KidsCampaigns compiled a list of

callers to its (888) 544-KIDS line who

expressed an interest in volunteering

for local children’s groups. Individuals

interested in securing the names, 

telephone numbers, and addresses of

hundreds of potential local supporters

should contact Julie Lin at (202) 

638-5770 or send an e-mail to

julielin@benton.org.

KidsCampaigns also posts Help

Wanted ads at its web site www.kiscampaigns.org. Organizations that are

interested in submitting an ad may

request an application form by e-mailing Ms. Lin. Sample Help Wanted ads

are available at www.kidscampaigns

/helpwanted/ads.

KidsCampaigns Offers Free Volunteer Lists

Healthy Start Initiative

Addresses Needs of Women

and Children

E

stablished as a demonstration

program in 1991, the Healthy

Start Initiative uses communitydriven strategies to attack the causes

of infant mortality and low birthweight, especially among high-risk

populations. Healthy Start empowers

communities to fully address the medical, behavioral, cultural, and social

service needs of women and their

infants in three key ways: increasing

community and personal awareness of

what causes infant mortality and how

to prevent it; streamlining and coordinating services between public and

private agencies; and building partnerships of commitment among families,

volunteers, businesses, and health

care and social service providers. 

During its first five years (1992–97),

Healthy Start supported model

(demonstration) programs in 22

selected communities to identify 

best strategies for reducing infant

deaths in diverse settings. The number

of Healthy Start projects has grown to

60, with an additional 14 projects currently being planned. 

Healthy Start’s web site at 

www.healthystart.net.
EMSC News WINTER ’98 7 EMSC SYSTEMS SCOOP

••• •••EMSC SYSTEMS YSTEMS SCOOP COOP••• ••• Athey (from page 1) . . . . . . . . . 

EMSC Focuses on Children’s

Emergencies in Disasters

Over the past several years, a variety of natural and “man-made” disasters have challenged our country’s

experts. The Oklahoma City bombing;

hurricanes Hugo, Iniki, and Andrew;

the Loma Prieta firestorm; and the

Northridge earthquake demonstrated

the unique problems and challenges

disasters can present for children and

their families. While disaster managers and researchers have provided

an adequate overall approach to disaster mitigation, preparation, response,

and recovery, little attention focused

on the special needs of the pediatric

population. However, in a disaster

environment, children sustain specific

patterns of physical and psychological

injuries that are different from adults. 

For several years, the Emergency

Medical Services for Children (EMSC)

Program has addressed pediatric disaster issues. Last February, more than

100 individuals participated in the

EMSC national workshop, Children’s

Emergencies in Disasters. The workshop was a follow-up to a 1995 national EMSC meeting on pediatric disaster

issues. Using the information collected

from these two workshops, a Call to

Action was developed with specific

recommendations for improving community, school, medical, and mental

health responses to children during

and after disasters. This Call to Action

will be widely distributed in the near

future. 

In addition, the EMSC Program

funded Pediatric Disaster Life Support,

a training program developed by

Richard Aghababian, MD, of the

University of Massachusetts Medical

Center. The training program was

offered from December 3-4, 1998, in

Frederick, MD, and will be offered

from February 10-11, 1999, in St.

Petersburg, FL. It also will be offered

a third time at a date to be announced

in southern California. For more information on the training program, contact the University of Massachusetts at

(508) 856-3043. 

As reported in the last issue of

EMSC News, Deborah Mulligan-Smith,

MD, of the North Broward Hospital

District in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, is 

spearheading an effort to develop a

Family and Community Pre-disaster

Preparedness Kit. The kit is partially

based on the recommendations provided in the aforementioned Call to

Action. 

Second Biannual

National Congress 

on Childhood Emergencies

March 27-29, 2000

(Annual EMSC Grantees Meeting: 

March 26-27)

Omni Inner Harbor Hotel

Baltimore, MD

For information, 

please call (202) 884-4927

became the road map for the

Program’s development. Federal

agencies, Members of Congress, 

and the White House have used the

document to help set national priorities, and it continues to serve as the

foundation for future Program growth.

A year later Dr. Athey founded

the Partnership for Children

Consortium, a multi-disciplinary

group of organizations working

together to achieve the EMSC

Program’s ultimate goal: saving 

kid’s lives. Each consortium member

is responsible for implementing

activities that support the EMSC

Program’s five-year plan. Today, the

Consortium includes 14 national

and professional organizations. 

Dr. Athey’s most significant 

contribution is her ability to promote visibility and support for

EMSC. Under her direction, 

federal funding for the Program 

has increased from $5 million to 

$15 million. MCHB currently oversees more than 100 EMSC grants

and contracts each year. Thanks 

to her tireless efforts thousands of 

professionals and volunteers are 

now working in every state and U.S. 

territory to enhance pediatric 

emergency medical care.

Please join the EMSC National

Resource Center, the National 

EMSC Data Analysis Resource

Center, and hundreds of EMSC

grantees in wishing Dr. Athey success and happiness. Her dedication

to children has been extraordinary

and her results tremendous.
8 EMSC News WINTER ’98 

NHTSA

News from NHTSA

NTSHA Conducts National

Survey; EMSC-related 

Questions Included 

Conducted once every two years

by the National Highway Traffic

Safety Administration (NHTSA), 

the Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety

(MVOS) Survey includes several questions relating to emergency medical

services for children (EMSC). The

1998 survey was administered in

November by telephone to a randomly

selected national sample of approximately 4,000 individuals. Data is

scheduled to be released in early

February 1999. 

The questions submitted include:

1. If your child experiences a serious

medical emergency, which would you

do first?

a) Call your clinic or doctor’s office.

b) Take your child to the emergency

department.

c) Call 911 or your local emergency

number.

2. In the past two years have you

received training in: 

(Check all that apply.)

a.) First aid for infants and children?

b.) CPR for infants and children?

3. Has a doctor or nurse ever talked 

to you about: 

(Check all that apply.)

a.) How to prevent childhood

injuries?

b.) What constitutes a child health

emergency? 

c.) What to do when your child has 

a serious medical emergency?

Feds Introduce An Easier Fit for

Child Safety Seats

The Clinton Administration and

NHTSA recently unveiled a universal

system for installing child safety seats,

a step designed to eliminate a frustrating experience for parents and ensure

that children are properly secured.

Under the plan, every seat would

be required to fit in every car the

same way thus eliminating the current

mishmash of 100 varieties of child

seats and myriad installation systems

in the 300 different passenger vehicles

currently on the market. Older child

seats would be able to use the new

anchors, though it isn’t clear whether

older models of cars could be retrofitted with the new system.

The plan will have broad implications for the safety of infants and

small children, who often are at risk

of death or serious injury because

they are either unrestrained or

improperly secured. The announcement ended a federal rule-making

process that started in June 1996.

Traffic Death Rate Dropped to

Record Low in 1997

U.S. Transportation Secretary

Rodney E. Slater recently announced

that the nation’s traffic fatality rate

last year dropped to the lowest level

since record-keeping began in 1966.

The 1997 rate, 1.6 fatalities per 100

million vehicle miles traveled, was

down from 1.7, the rate since 1992.

The 1966 rate was 5.5.

Alcohol-related traffic fatalities

also dropped to a record low. This,

combined with an all-time high rate of

seat belt use in 1997, helped make

last year one of the safest years on

U.S. roads in history.

These and other findings are

included in NHTSA’s preliminary 1997

Fatality Analysis Reporting System

(FARS) report. The final FARS report

will be available later this year.

Copies of the preliminary report are

available from NHTSA’s Office of

Public and Consumer Affairs at 

(202) 366-9550 or at its web site,

www.nhtsa.dot.gov.

Slater Announces $53 Million in

Grants to Boost Nationwide Seat

Belt Use 

Secretary Slater also announced

that 38 states, the District of

Columbia, and Puerto Rico in fiscal

year 1999 will share $53 million in

incentive grants for increasing seat

belt use. The act is part of a $1.2 

billion effort to improve safety on 

the nation’s highways over six years.

The grants are authorized by the

Transportation Equity Act for the 21st

Century, which includes up to $500

million in incentive grants to states

over five years to increase seat belt

use and another $700 million in

incentive grants for states over six

years to enact and enforce laws to 

prevent drunk driving.

NHTSA to Launch National

Bystander Care Campaign

NHTSA’s bystander care for the

injured campaign, entitled “First

There, First Care,” will be launched

this summer, to increase public knowledge of how to assist victims in motor

vehicle crashes. 

One of the most common reservations people have about assisting in

medical emergencies is “what to do,”

meaning what type of emergency care

to perform. In response, NHTSA is

developing an awareness kit and

encouraging the public to attend local

bystander care training sessions. 

Additional information about

bystander care can be accessed at

www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/ems.
WHAT HAT’SS NEW? An EMSC Product Update An EMSC Product Update An EMSC Product Update ••• •••

EMSC News WINTER ’98 9 EMSC PRODUCT UPDATE

Emergency Guidelines for

Schools

by: Ohio Department of Health (1998)

These color-coded, first-aid flowcharts serve as an emergency care

resource for school staff without 

full-time medical or nursing support.

More than 35 of the most common

pediatric illnesses or injuries are listed

alphabetically and in tabbed format

for quick and easy reference. The

guidelines also include a list of recommended first aid equipment and supplies for schools, universal precautions

to prevent or reduce the spread of

infectious diseases, and advice for 

caring for students with special health

care needs. The cost is $5 per book.

Emergency Medical Services for

Children: Abstracts of Active

Projects FY 1998-1999

by: EMSC National Resource Center

(1998)

This directory provides abstracts

of projects active in fiscal years 1998

and 1999 that are supported by the

Emergency Medical Services for

Children (EMSC) Program. Each

abstract includes: a summary of the

problem the project seeks to address;

and its goals and objectives, methodology, method of evaluation, and experiences to date. The publication concludes with indexes organized by project type and state. Single copies are

provided free of charge.

Federal Funding for the New

Investigator

by: National EMSC Resource Alliance

(1997)

This 24-page booklet was developed with EMSC in mind, and written

in a user-friendly format that new

investigators will appreciate.

Explaining how the government is an

important source of funding for many

areas of research, this booklet details

the federal agencies that fund research

and how to navigate through the

often-complex system of grant submission. Single copies are provided free

of charge.

PEP—Pediatric Education for

Paramedics Program 

by: State of California Emergency

Medical Services Authority (1997)

PEP is a pediatric training program for advanced prehospital

providers. It includes an instructor

manual, student manual, lecture 

slide set, and videotape. (Please note:

This program may contain certain 

segments that may not comply with

current standards of care. Statements

made in the program may or may not

be factual.) The cost is $55 per kit.

Training EMSC Providers in

Violence Prevention

by: American Psychological

Association (1998)

This is the final report from the

American Psychological Association’s

(APA) July 1997 one-day conference

on violence prevention. It includes

useful definitions, training strategies,

resources, and a briefing book. Single

copies are provided free of charge.

To obtain any of these resources,

contact the EMSC Clearinghouse at

(703) 902-1203 or access the EMSC

web site at www.ems-c.org.

APA Workgroup Identifies

Barriers to Pediatric Research

O n November 30, 1998, the

Ambulatory Pediatric Association

(APA) began the first of two meetings in Washington, DC, to discuss barriers to initiating research in pediatric 

emergency medicine. 

Workgroup participants—including

representatives from the American

Academy of Pediatrics, American

College of Emergency Physicians,

National Institutes of Health, Emergency

Medical Services for Children (EMSC)

National Resource Center (NRC), and

other national organizations—identified

more than 20 barriers. Some of these

include:

1. Communication/Consensus. A

lack of communication and consensus

among pediatric specialists, researchers,

and funding sources is inhibiting pediatric emergency care research.

2. Time. Researchers have limited

time to conduct studies because of competing responsibilities, such as a clinical

practice or teaching assignment.

3. Funding. Researchers do not

fully understand where to go and how to

secure funding for pediatric studies.

4. Training. Research training is

inadequate. A set of core competencies

for researchers should be defined.

5. Resources. Many existing pediatric assessment tools and outcome

measures, most of which have been

adapted from adult models, are not

appropriate for children.

Participants then drafted an action

plan to overcome the barriers. During

the second meeting, scheduled for midMarch, the action plan will be refined

with specific tasks assigned to each

action step. The final plan will be published and made available through APA.

For more information about this

meeting, please contact NRC at (301)

650-8059.
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Arkansas

The Arkansas Emergency Medical

Services for Children (EMSC) project

continues to be very active. Its EMSC

Working Group examined the required

ambulance equipment list for the

State of Arkansas and made recommendations to add pediatric materials.

The list of recommendations was 

presented to and approved by the

Governor’s EMS Council. Memos were

sent to inform ambulance services

about the changes.

Arkansas is also developing materials to help services produce injury

prevention programs. The materials

will allow ambulance services to

design their own safety programs.

Many services have been receptive

and are looking forward to making

safety presentations in their 

communities.

In addition, project staff are 

helping the Safety Belt Coalition to

pass a law that would enforce the use

of seat belts.

For more information, please contact Brian Nation at (501) 280-4903 

or via e-mail at bnation@

mail.doh.state.ar.us.

10 EMSC News FALL ’98 

Colorado

Colorado’s EMSC

project reports the

release of “Operation:

Cheat the Reaper,” a

teen anti-driving

under the influence

(DUI) planning kit for

Colorado public safety

agencies. Instead of

focusing solely on treating the tragic effects of

DUI, the “Cheat the

Reaper” kit helps emergency medical service (EMS)

responders, firefighters, law

enforcement personnel, and injury

prevention advocates initiate successful interventions addressing the 

causes of this problem. 

The kit includes sample materials

for conducting two dramatic anti-DUI

programs (“Mock Crash/Wreck” and

“Ghost Out”) in secondary schools. 

It also includes a comprehensive 

manual, forms, checklists, and sample

letters.

The “Cheat the Reaper” planning

kit is posted as a WordPerfect file that

can be downloaded at the State of

Colorado’s web site, www.state.co.us

/gov_dir/cdphe_dir/em/emlib.

For additional information and

technical assistance, contact Michael

Merrill at (303) 692-2994 or via e-mail

at michael.merrill@state.co.us.

Kentucky

Kentucky’s EMSC grant focuses

on prehospital and emergency department personnel training. To date, 

project staff have:

• Modified the Pediatric

Education for Paramedics (PEP)

course for basic level providers;

• Conducted three PEP instructor

courses and six provider courses,

training 24 instructors and 179 

prehospital providers;

• Provided pediatric basic life

support (BLS) training, using the

North Carolina EMSC course, to 581

prehospital care providers;

• Conducted 25 provider and 10

instructor Pediatric Advanced Life

Support (PALS) courses, reaching 

468 healthcare providers;

• Trained 46 physicians in

Advanced Pediatric Life Support

(APLS); and

• Surveyed families of severely

injured kids to assess their obstacles

in obtaining recommended follow-up

care. 

For more information, please

contact Coy Harris at (502) 866-2121

or via e-mail at kyemsc@

duo-county.com.

New Hampshire

The chances of surviving a

severe injury in New Hampshire just

got better thanks to the Trauma

Medical Review Committee, which

recently developed a statewide trauma system. All hospitals participating

in the system have undergone a 

voluntary review to determine their

trauma care capabilities and identify

areas in need of improvement.

Guidelines for out-of-hospital triage

and interfacility transfer for both

pediatric and adult patients are

under development.

For more information, contact

Janet Houston at (603) 650-1813 or

via e-mail at jhouston@dartmouth.edu 

New Mexico

For the fifth consecutive year,

the New Mexico EMSC Project is

offering competitive funding to support emergency medical technician

(EMT)-driven, community-based

injury prevention projects. The application requests a five-page proposal

to enhance EMT’s skills in project

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EMSC News WINTER ’98 11

planning, implementation, and evaluation. This component of the EMSC

Partnership Grant has been effective

in encouraging and enabling EMTs to

conduct local injury prevention activities. It also has exceeded in expanding the grassroots network of EMTs

around the state who are interested

and involved in primary prevention.

For more information about the

application process, contact Lenora

Olson at (505) 272-5063 or via e-mail

at lolson@salud.unm.edu.

North Carolina 

The North Carolina EMSC project reports that it:

• Selected four pilot sites for the

Color-Coding Kids in the Emergency

Department project: Duke University

Medical Center, North Carolina

Baptist Hospital, Womak Army

Medical Center, and Northern

Hospital of Surry County.

• Held a PEP master instructor

program involving 35 candidates. 

• Successfully integrated PEP

into numerous EMS systems. One

county, which required the program

for all paramedics, offered five programs in November and December.

• Started revising the North

Carolina Pediatric Education

Curriculum, which was originally

developed in 1990. In collaboration

with the Tennessee EMSC project,

North Carolina will add chapters on

triage and child maltreatment.

• Began exploring grant funding

options for distributing

“Identification of Child Maltreatment

for EMS,” a program being piloted in

1999 using a series of “train-thetrainer” programs.

For more information on any of

these projects, contact Sue

Hohenhaus at (919)733-2285 or via

e-mail at shohenha@dhr.state.nc.us.

North Dakota 

Last year North Dakota’s EMSC

project provided pediatric training to

442 BLS and advanced life support

(ALS) prehospital care providers 

and 40 instructors. This exceeded

the state’s first year goal.

In November, project staff 

participated in the North Dakota

Conference on Injury Prevention.

Current projects include: developing

EMS pre-hospital protocols; assembling a BLS/ALS minimum ambulance

equipment list; and creating a reference card for EMS personnel. 

This year North Dakota will

develop a prevention program to

address the growing problem of suicide on North Dakota reservations

and throughout the state. In 1997,

the number of deaths from suicide

surpassed the number of motor 

vehicle fatalities. As an initial step

toward addressing this crisis, North

Dakota will form the first statewide

Adolescent Suicide Prevention 

Task Force.

For more information, contact

Kandis Keller at (701) 328-1026 

or via e-mail at msmail.kandise@

ranch.state.nd.us.

South Dakota

South Dakota EMSC is looking

forward to launching a new era in

their grant program with the successful funding of a partnership grant.

Working with the State Department of

Health, EMSC project staff plan 

to create an injury prevention and

bystander first aid education program

for daycare providers across the

state. EMS providers will serve as 

the primary cadre of instructors.

Required training will include injury

prevention education for daycare,

bystander first aid, and cardiac 

pulmonary resuscitation.

For more information, contact

Dave Boer at (605) 357-1371 or via 

e-mail at dboer@sunflowr.usd.edu.

Wisconsin 

Wisconsin’s EMSC Advisory

Committee formed seven new subcommittees. A brief description of

each follows.

• Prehospital Education: This

committee will evaluate primary 

and refresher curricula for adequate

and appropriate pediatric content,

and develop a statewide continuing

education program.

• Clinics and Urgent Care

Centers: Committee members will

evaluate pediatric resources, educational needs, and equipment in 

clinics and urgent care centers

throughout the state. 

• Child Care Providers and

General Public: This committee will

focus on public information and

education activities.

• Equipment: Committee members will develop and distribute an

ambulatory pediatric equipment 

list for EMS providers and medical 

directors.

• Child Alert 10-33/Assessment

and Treatment Guidelines: This

committee’s goal is to increase the

usage of these products to 100% by

EMS services throughout the state.

• Planning, Evaluation, and

Research: This committee will collect

and review data from the Wisconsin

EMS Information System and State

Run Report to evaluate outcomes

related to EMSC interventions.

• Funding: This committee will

evaluate funding options to promote

the continuance of the program and

various projects and initiatives. 

For more information, contact

Mary Jean Erschen at (608) 266-7457

or via e-mail at erschmj@dhfs.state.wi.
12 EMSC News WINTER ’98 

NAGHSR Releases Report on

State Safety Belt Activities

Report on Child Passenger

Safety Scheduled for Release 

in Fall 1999

T he National Association of

Governors’ Highway Safety

Representatives (NAGHSR) has

announced the results of a nationwide

survey of state activities to increase

the use of safety belts. “Survey of the

States: Safety Belts” was released to

raise awareness of the many activities

being performed by NAGHSR members at the state level to increase the

percentage of motorists wearing safety

belts. Each state write-up includes a

brief description of the programs being

coordinated by the state’s highway

safety office.

Conducted in July 1998, the survey asked state highway safety offices

to report their current safety belt

usage rate, percentage increase or

decrease in belt use during the past

five to 10 years, the greatest challenges to persuading people to buckle

up, and the extent that a given state

pursued goals consistent with the

national Buckle Up America

Campaign. 

Seat belt use has proven to be the

best way to prevent injuries or death

in a crash. State highway safety

offices are targeting the segments of

the population that still refuse to

buckle up, such as young people, particularly males, and certain ethnic

groups. State educational efforts have

been created to reach these groups.

The safety belt survey is the first

of a series to be released by NAGHSR.

Future surveys will center on child

passenger safety, impaired driving,

airbag safety, and aggressive driving.

According to NAGHSR Official Tad

Lee, the survey on child passenger

EMSC Paper Presented to Clinton, Nominated for FEMA Award

safety will help identify existing state

laws and programs to reduce child

passenger injuries. “If everything goes

as planned, we hope to release the

child passenger safety report in the

Fall of 1999,” Lee said.

A copy of the safety belt report is

available for $5. For more information,

contact NAGHSR at (202) 789-0942 

or send an e-mail to tlee@naghsr.org.

“Mental Health Services for

Children in the Laguna

Beach Firestorm”—an

emergency medical services for 

children (EMSC) paper presented 

by Merritt Schreibor, PhD, at the

February 1998 national workshop,

Children’s Emergencies in Disasters—

received one of the highest honors in

EMSC history: praise from President

Clinton.

The paper was presented to

President Clinton in March 1998 

during an official visit to families 

who survived the El Nino floods in

Southern California. When President

Clinton asked family members how 

he could provide added support, one

of the attendees, Michael Parra, PhD,

asked for additional support for EMSC

and mental health programs. Before

leaving, Dr. Parra handed the President

Dr. Schreibor’s paper. 

Three months later, Dr. Schreibor

received a letter from the Federal

Emergency Management Agency

(FEMA) indicating that the paper is

being “nominated for inclusion in the

annual Compendium of Exemplary

Practices in Emergency Management.” 

The EMSC National Resource

Center would like to thank Drs.

Schreibor and Parra for their efforts to

raise the President’s awareness of the

emergency medical and mental health

needs of children.
EMSC News WINTER ’98 13

Colorado’s LSH Takes Injury

Prevention ‘On the Road’

A

s a traveling hands-on safety and

injury prevention learning center, Colorado’s Life Safety House

(LSH) reaches thousands of Colorado

children each year. Similar to the 

concept of Fire Safety Houses, LSH 

is a miniature house

on wheels, featuring

rooms with the greatest hazards for fires,

scaldings, and other

burns. 

However, LSH is

unique because it goes

beyond the prevention

of fire-based injuries

to include programs

on motor vehicle safety, bike and pedestrian safety, falls,

and other common childhood injuries.

“LSH is a mix between Fire Safety

Houses and Risk Watch,” said Michael

Merrill, Colorado EMSC project coordinator. “Another major difference 

is that Colorado’s LSH travels throughout the state unlike other safety 

houses that are funded for travel

within certain cities only.” 

According to Mr. Merrill, the goal

of LSH is to bring safety information

to the communities that have limited

or no injury prevention resources.

Last year, 61 elementary schools in 

31 towns had the opportunity to showcase LSH in their own schoolyard.

“The majority of these small towns

would not have had the resources nor

the opportunity to provide injury preInjury Deaths by Cause and Age, 1995, United States

Injury Cause 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 Total

Motor Vehicle Traffic 873 851 1,076 4,962 7,762

Firearm 102 103 622 4,312 5,139

Suicide (no firearm) 0 5 137 506 648

Drowning 631 229 246 461 1,567

Fire/burn 566 249 115 84 1,014

Suffocation (includes choking) 538 74 60 67 739

Fall 61 27 33 97 218

Cutting/piercing 19 6 33 245 303

Poisoning 38 14 28 178 258

Other 588 54 77 215 934

Total 3,416 1,612 2,427 11,127 18,582

Source: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1998.

vention programming

without LSH,” Mr. Merrill

said. 

More than 300

health care professionals—including local fire

and emergency medical

services (EMS) personnel—have volunteered to

“go on the road,” visiting

their region’s schools,

churches, hospitals, and

other community groups.

In addition to the hands-on instruction, donated bicycle helmets, car

seats, smoke detectors, fire extinguishers, and other safety products

are distributed. LSH also is promoted

at special events, such as the Apple

Blossom Festival and Broomfield Days.

In 1997 and 1998, it was one of the

featured attractions at the Colorado

State Fair.

Coordinated by the Fire Safety

Educators of Colorado (FSEC), 

LSH recently received a second year

of funding through the Colorado

Department of Public Health and

Environment’s EMS and Prevention

Division. For more information about

LSH, please contact Mr. Merrill at

(303) 692-2994 or send an e-mail 

to michael.merrill@state.co.us.

Statistic of the Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Colorado’s 

Life Safety

House reaches

thousands 

of Colorado

children 

each year.

STATISTIC
(

(

14 EMSC News WINTER ’98 

their own quality improvement initiatives. The computerized reporting

and querying system will be located 

at the state health department web

site. Contact: Evelyn Lyons at

elyons@wpo.it.luc.edu.

Montana: Establishing an EMS

Continuum of Excellence. Montana

Department of Public Health and

Human Services, Helena, MT. This

grant focuses on a comprehensive

quality improvement (QI) program for

the state’s emergency medical services

(EMS) system. Key system performance indicators and outcome measures will be developed. A major

emphasis is being placed on improving

data collection systems and providing

training in EMS-related QI. Contact:

Drew Dawson at ddawson@mt.gov.

What Constitutes “Appropriate”

Use of Emergency Medical Services

for Children in Managed Care?

University of New Hampshire, Durham,

NH. This study will provide important

information about emergency department utilization by children whose care

is reimbursed through various insurance mechanisms. An analysis of payment patterns of numerous managed 

care programs will be conducted.

Contact: Michele Solloway, PhD, at

micheles@hopper.unh.edu.

New York City EMSC Resources.

New York University School of

Medicine, New York, NY. This grant 

is developing a paramedic version of

the popular Teaching Resource for

Instructors in Prehospital Pediatrics

(TRIPP). The project is also publishing a quarterly newsletter called

CPEM Bear Facts, which provides 

regular updates on TRIPP. Contact:

Marsha Treiber at mt31@is6.nyu.edu

or visit the Center for Pediatric

Emergency Medicine web site at

www.cpem.org.

paredness of their offices for pediatric

emergencies. The differences in 

outcomes among children seen by

“best prepared” and “poorly 

prepared” offices will be studied.

Contact: Patricia Primm, MD, at

PPRIMM@childmed.dallas.tx.us.

Utah EMSC for Children with

Special Health Care Needs.

Department of Health, Salt Lake City,

UT. The grant recently published its

popular guide for prehospital care of

technology-assisted children. This

material is being formatted for CDROM and will be distributed through

the EMSC Clearinghouse. One study

conducted by the project found that

28% of children with special health

care needs required care from EMS

within six months of discharge 

from an acute care facility. Contact: 

Breck Rushton at brushton@

doh.state.ut.us.

Adolescent Drowning Risk

Assessment and Prevention.

Washington State Department of

Health, Olympia, WA, and Children’s

Hospital and Regional Medical Center,

Seattle, WA. This grant developed a

comprehensive set of tools designed to

help identify adolescent risk factors

for drowning. Currently, the tools are

being pilot tested. Project staff are also

working with regional coalition groups

to implement life vest prevention 

programs targeting adolescents. In

addition, staff are considering making 

submersion injuries reportable conditions, thereby mandating emergency

departments and medical examiners

to report to local health jurisdictions.

The reporting process is being 

developed with a pilot in Spring

1999. Contact: Kathy Williams at

kjw1303@doh.wa.gov or Elizabeth

Bennett at ebenne@chmc.org.

Child Care Health and Safety

Training and Network. University of

Oklahoma Health Sciences Center,

Oklahoma City, OK. This project is

completing a prevention and emergency preparedness curriculum for

day care providers. A similar initiative is underway in Ohio. Contact:

Paul Marmen at emsc@uokhsc.edu.

Developing A Pediatric Severity 

of Illness Model for Transport System

Evaluation and Triage. University of

Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Preliminary

findings from one study in the

Pittsburgh area suggest that the use 

of pediatric specialty care teams in

the transport setting may reduce

patient morbidity as defined by specific types of unplanned events. Over

the next year, this project will analyze

data from four sites to test the validity

of a model for predicting pediatric

mortality based on a set of key data

points collected in the transport 

setting. This will help assess the

severity of illness for children seen 

by prehospital care providers.

Contact: Richard Orr, MD, at

orr@smtp.anes.upmc.edu.

PEDI-STAT—A Model for the

Coordination of EMS for Children

with Special Health Care Needs.

Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI.

This project enrolls children with special health care needs in a dispatchbased system that facilitates critical

information-sharing with prehospital

care providers and emergency department personnel. Contact: Gary

Kleinman at gkleinman@lifespan.org. 

Outcomes-based Office Practice

Emergency Self-assessment Tool.

University of Texas Southwestern

Medical Center, Dallas, TX. Project

staff mailed surveys to more than

23,000 pediatricians and general and

family practitioners to assess the preEMSC Targeted Issue (from page 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EMSC News WINTER ’98 15

Notable EMSC-related Articles:

• Auble T. E.; Menegazzi J. J.; and

Nicklas K. A. “Comparison of

Automated and Manual Ventilation

in a Prehospital Pediatric Model.”

Prehospital Emergency Care 2, 

no. 2 (1998): 108-111. 

• Committee on Pediatric Emergency

Medicine. “The Role of the

Pediatrician in Rural EMSC.”

Pediatrics 101, no. 5 (1998): 

941-943.

• Gausche, M. “A Prospective,

Randomized Study of the Effect of

Out-of-Hospital Pediatric Intubation

on Patient Outcome.” Academic

Emergency Medicine 5, no. 5 

(1998): 428.

• Gausche, M.; Tadeo, R. E.; Zane, 

M. C.; and Lewis, R. J. “Out-ofHospital Intravenous Access:

Unnecessary Procedures and

Excessive Cost.” Academic

Emergency Medicine 5, no. 9

(1998): 878-882.

• Lewin, S. “School Emergencies:

What Every Family Should Know

About Being Prepared.” Our

Children 24, no. 3 (1988): 32-33.

• Markenson, D.; Foltin, G.; and

Tunik, M.T. “Description of Use of

the Kendrick’s Extrication Device for

Prehospital Pediatric Spinal

Immobilization.” Prehospital

Emergency Care (1998).

• Mlcak, R.; Cortiella, J.; Desai, M.;

and D. N. Herndon. “Emergency

Management of Pediatric Burn

Victims.” Pediatric Emergency Care

14, no. 1 (1998): 51-54. 

• Quan, L.; Bennett, E.; Cummings, P.;

Trusty, M. N.; and Treser, C. D. “Are

Life Vests Worn? A Multiregional

Observational Study of Personal

Floatation Device Use in Small

Boats.” Injury Prevention 12, no. 4

(1998): 203-205.

• Rosenberg, N.; Knazik, S.; Cohen, S.;

and Simpson, P. “Use of Emergency

Medical Service Transport System in

Medical Patients Up to 36 Months of

Age.” Pediatric Emergency Care 14,

no. 3 (1998): 191-193.

• Shaw, K. N.; McGowan, K.L.;

Gorelich, M. H.; and Schwartz, J. S.

“Screening for Urinary Tract

Infection in Infants in the

Emergency Department: Which 

Test Is Best?” Pediatrics 101, no. 6

(1998): E1.

• Winston, F. K.; Shaw, K. N.;

Kreshak, A. A.; Schwarz, D. F.;

Gallagher, P. R.; and Cnaan, A.

“Hidden Spears: Handlebars as

Injury Hazards to Children.”

Pediatrics 102, no. 3 (1998): 

596-601.

Notable Publications Crossing

the Librarian’s Desk:

• America’s Children: Key National

Indicators of Well-Being. Federal

Interagency Forum on Child and

Family Statistics. Washington, DC:

U.S. Government Printing Office,

1998. 

• Gotschell, C.; Solloway, M.; Barta, L;

and Avery, A. Emergency Medical

Services for Children: An

Evaluation of Sustainability in

Seven States. Washington, DC:

George Washington University

Center for Health Policy Research,

1996.

• Ikeda, R.; Gorwitz, R.; James, S.;

Powell, K.; and Mercy, J. Fatal

Firearm Injuries in the United

States 1962-1994. Violence

Surveillance Summary Series, 3.

Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention, National

Center for Injury Prevention and

Control, 1997.

• Snyder, H. Elvin, The Elephant Who

Forgets. Wolfeboro, NH: Lash &

Associates, 1998.

(A children’s book about living with

a traumatic brain injury.)

• Stevens, Judy A. and Chistine M.

Home and Leisure Injuries in the

United States: A Compendium of

Articles from the Morbidity and

Mortality Weekly Report, 1985-

1995. Atlanta, GA: Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention,

1996.

• Thompson, N. J. and H. O.

McClintock. Demonstrating Your

Program’s Worth: A Primer on

Evaluation for Programs to

Prevent Unintentional Injury.

Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention, National

Center for Injury Prevention and

Control, 1998.

If an interesting publication or

product (written or produced within

the last 18 months) has crossed your

desk, please contact the EMSC National

Resource Center Librarian Linda Pierce

at (301) 650-8015 or send an e-mail to

lpierce@emscnrc.com. Notices or

copies of journal articles, books,

videos, and reports on EMSC-related

topics should be mailed to: EMSC

National Resource Center, Attention:

Linda Pierce, 111 Michigan Avenue,

NW, Washington, DC 20010-2970.

•••••••••• •••••••••• • •••••••••LATEST ATEST LIBRARY IBRARYADDITIONS DDITIONS DDITIONS•••••••••• •••••••••• ••••••••• •
n

1999

BULK RATE

Postage and

Fees

Paid HRSA

Permit No. G-286

EMSC National Resource Center

Children’s National Medical Center

111 Michigan Avenue, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20010

February 5-6

5th National HELP Network Conference 

San Francisco, CA

Contact: Children’s Memorial Medical

Center at (773) 880-3826

February 19-21

Emergency Nurse Association

Leadership Symposium

Los Angeles, CA

Contact: (847) 698-9400

February 21-23 

American Association of Health Plans

Policy Conference

Washington, DC

Contact: Danielle Skripack 

at (202) 778-3200

February 22-23

Children ’99 Countdown to the

Millennium 

Washington, DC

Contact: Child Welfare League of

America at (202) 942-0289

March 6-10

American Public Human Services 

(formerly APHA) Annual Conference

Washington, DC

Contact: (202) 682-0100

March 10-12

Washington Business on Health 19th

Annual Health Agenda 

Washington, DC

Contact: Astrid Christensen 

at (202) 408-9320

March 29-30 

2nd European Convention in Safety

Promotion and Injury Prevention

Edinburgh International Conference

Centre, Scotland 

Contact: Copson International

Limited at +44 (0) 151 707-0970; 

copson@mail.cybase.co.uk (e-mail)

March 29-April 1 

The Driving Force in Managed Care

Atlanta, GA 

Contact: National Managed Healthcare

Congress, Inc. at (888) 882-2500 

April 17-20

American Academy of Pediatrics

Spring Conference 

Chicago, IL 

Contact: Kim Solinger at 

(800) 433-9016

April 23-24

National Highway Traffic Safety

Administration/Health Resources

Services Administration’s

EMS Education Agenda – Blue Ribbon

Conference

Alexandria, VA

Contact: Kathy Hildreth at 

(703) 893-5305, Ext. 328

April 26-28

Society of Pediatric Nurses

9th Annual Conference

Houston, TX

Contact: (800) 723-2902

April 29-May 1

National Trauma Conference

Arlington, VA 

Contact: American Trauma Society 

at (800) 556-7890

May 1- 4

Ambulatory Pediatric Association

Annual Meeting

San Francisco, CA 

Contact: Jennifer Barberick 

at (703) 556-9222 

May 10-12

3rd National Conference on Injury

Prevention and Control

Brisbane, Australia 

Contact: Conference Secretariat at

+66 (73) 617 3369-0477;

ipc99@im.com.au (e-mail)

May 24-27

EMS Today Conference

Denver, CO

Contact: JEMS Communication at

(800) 266-5367, Ext. 6663

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