Annual Report to Congress 

on Federal Government 

Energy Management and 

Conservation Programs 

Fiscal Year 2006 

November 26, 2008 

U.S. Department of Energy 

Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 

Federal Energy Management Program 

Washington, DC 20585 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................E-1
 

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COSTS................................ 1 

A. EPACT 2005 Goal Buildings.............................................................................................. 5 

B. Excluded Buildings............................................................................................................. 5 

C. Vehicles and Equipment ..................................................................................................... 6 

II. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE IN FY 2006.. 7 

A. Overview of Federal Energy Management Policy and Legislative Mandates .................... 7 

B.	 Energy Performance Requirement for Federal Buildings................................................. 10 

C. Changes in Estimated Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Reduced Energy Use 

in EPACT Goal Buildings ................................................................................................ 13 

D. Renewable Energy Use ..................................................................................................... 16 

E. Petroleum Reduction......................................................................................................... 17 

F.	 Primary Energy Use.......................................................................................................... 21 

G. Water Conservation .......................................................................................................... 21 

H. Investments in Energy Efficiency..................................................................................... 24 

1. Direct Appropriations ................................................................................................. 24
 

2. Energy Savings Performance Contracts ...................................................................... 24 

3. Utility Energy Service Contracts ................................................................................ 27 

III. INTERAGENCY EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION......................................................... 28 

A. Federal Coordination ........................................................................................................ 28 

B. Training............................................................................................................................. 28 

C. Awards and Recognition ................................................................................................... 29 

D. Public Education Programs ............................................................................................... 30 

IV. FEDERAL AGENCY ENERGY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES...................................... 32 

A. Department of Agriculture................................................................................................ 32 

B. Department of Commerce ................................................................................................. 34 

C. Department of Defense ..................................................................................................... 36 

D. Department of Energy....................................................................................................... 39 

E. Department of Health and Human Services...................................................................... 41 

F. Department of Homeland Security ................................................................................... 43 

G. Department of Housing and Urban Development ............................................................ 45 

H. Department of the Interior ................................................................................................ 46 

I. Department of Justice ....................................................................................................... 49 

J. Department of Labor......................................................................................................... 50 

K. Department of State .......................................................................................................... 51 

L. Department of Transportation ........................................................................................... 52 

M. Department of the Treasury .............................................................................................. 54 

N. Department of Veterans Affairs........................................................................................ 56
 

O. Environmental Protection Agency.................................................................................... 57 

P. General Services Administration ...................................................................................... 59 

i 
 

 

 

 

Q. National Aeronautics and Space Administration .............................................................. 61 

R. National Archives and Records Administration ............................................................... 63 

S. Railroad Retirement Board ............................................................................................... 64 

T. Social Security Administration ......................................................................................... 65 

U. Tennessee Valley Authority.............................................................................................. 67 

V. United States Postal Service ............................................................................................. 69 

APPENDIX A. Energy Consumption and Cost Detail Tables .................................................... 70 

APPENDIX B. Data Collection and Carbon Dioxide Calculations ............................................ 79 

APPENDIX C. Acronyms ........................................................................................................... 87 

TABLES 

Table 1 Federal Goal Buildings Site-Delivered Energy Use per Gross Square Foot 

(Btu/GSF), FY 2003 and FY 2006........................................................................ 12 

Table 2 Estimated Emissions of Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Nitrous Oxide 

from Goal Building Energy Use, by Agency ((Metric Tons of 

Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (MTCO2E))............................................................. 14 

Table 3 Estimated Emissions of Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Nitrous Oxide 

from Goal Building Energy Use, by Agency (Metric Tons of Carbon 

Dioxide Equivalent per Million Gross Square Foot) ........................................... 15 

Table 4 Federal Agency Use of Renewable Energy as a Percentage of 

Facility Electricity Use, FY 2006 ......................................................................... 16 

Table 5 Federal Petroleum Usage in FY 2006................................................................... 19 

Table 6 Petroleum-Based Fuel Consumption in Goal Buildings....................................... 20 

Table 7 Primary Energy Use in EPACT 2005 Goal Buildings.......................................... 22 

Table 8 Federal Goal Buildings Primary Energy Use per Gross Square Foot 

(Btu/GSF), FY 2003 and FY 2006........................................................................ 23 

Table 9-A Agency Direct Expenditures for Energy Efficiency Projects, 

FY 1985 through FY 2006 (Thousands of Nominal (As-Spent) Dollars) ........... 25 

Table 9-B Agency Direct Expenditures for Energy Efficiency Projects, 

FY 1985 through FY 2006 (Thousands of Constant 2006 Dollars) ..................... 26 

Table 10 Energy Savings Performance Contracts, Delivery Orders, and 

Contract Modifications Awarded by Federal Agencies in FY 2006..................... 27 

Table 11 Utility Energy Service Contracts and Delivery Orders Awarded
 

by Federal Agencies in FY 2006 .......................................................................... 27 

Table 12 2006 Federal Energy and Water Management Awards by Group and Type....... 30 

Table A-1 Total Primary Energy Consumption by Federal Agencies ................................... 71 

Table A-2 Total Site-Delivered Energy Consumption by Federal Agencies......................... 72 

Table A-3 Site-Delivered Energy Consumption in Federal Goal Buildings.......................... 73 

Table A-4 Consumption and Costs of Federal Goal Buildings Energy
 

by Fuel Type in FY 2006, FY 2005, and FY 2003............................................... 74 

Table A-5 Energy Consumption, Costs, and Gross Square Footage 

of Federal Goal-Excluded Buildings, FY 2006 .................................................... 75 

ii 
 

 

 

 

 

 

Table A-6 Consumption and Costs of Federal Goal-Excluded Buildings 

by Fuel Type FY 2006 .......................................................................................... 75 

Table A-7 Federal Energy Consumption in Vehicle and Equipment Operations.................. 76 

Table A-8 Consumption and Costs of Vehicle and Equipment Energy
 

by Fuel Type in FY 2006...................................................................................... 77 

Table A-9 Federal Energy Expenditures, FY 1985–FY 2006................................................ 78 

FIGURES 

Figure 1 Federal Energy Costs by Fuel Type and End-Use Sector, FY 2006....................... 3 

Figure 2 Federal Energy Costs by Fuel Type and End-Use Sector, FY 2006....................... 4 

Figure 3 Overall Government Progress toward Facility Energy Efficiency Goals, 

FY 2003 through FY 2006 .................................................................................... 10 

Figure 4 Individual Agency Reductions in Btu per Square Foot of Goal Building 

 Space in FY 2006 Compared to FY 2003............................................................ 11 

Figure 5 Renewable Energy Use as a Percentage of Facility Electricity Use,
 

FY 2000 to FY 2006 ............................................................................................. 17 

Figure 6 Petroleum-Based Fuel Consumption in Federal EPACT 2005 Goal Buildings; 

1985, 1990, and 1995 through 2006 ..................................................................... 18 

iii 
 

 

 

 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

This report on Federal energy management for fiscal year (FY) 2006 provides information on energy 

consumption in Federal buildings, operations, and vehicles and documents activities conducted by Federal 

agencies to meet the requirements of: 

 Title V, Part 3, of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act (NECPA), as amended (42 

U.S.C. §§ 8251-8259, 8262b-k); 

 Title VIII of NECPA (42 U.S.C. § 8287-8287c); 

 The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005) (42 U.S.C. § 8262c); and 

 Executive Order 13123, “Efficient Energy Management” (superseded by Executive Order 13423 

of January 24, 2007, “Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation 

Management” (72 FR 3919)). 

The energy management requirements of Executive Order 13423 will be addressed in the report for FY 

2007. This report presents information for FY 2006 and was drafted prior to the enactment of the 2007 

Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA). These requirements will be considered in the FY 2008 

report. 

OVERVIEW OF CONSUMPTION AND COSTS 

 Based on reports submitted to the Department of Energy (DOE) by 25 Federal agencies, the total 

primary energy consumption of the Government of the United States, including energy consumed to 

produce, process, and transport energy, was approximately 1.5 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) 

or “quads” during FY 2006. 

o	 These 1.5 quads, consumed by the Government in buildings and operations to provide 

essential services to its citizens, including the defense of the Nation, represent approximately 

1.5 percent of the total 99.61 quads used in the United States. 

o	 In total, the Federal Government is the single largest energy consumer in the Nation, although 

its consumption is widely dispersed geographically. 

o	 The total primary energy consumption in FY 2006 was 18.2 percent less than in FY 1985, 4.8 

percent less than in FY 2003, and 5.8 percent less than in FY 2005. 

 When measured in terms of energy delivered to the point of use or site-delivered energy consumption, 

the Government consumed almost 1.1 quads (1,059,521.5 billion Btu) during FY 2006. 

o	 The total site-delivered energy consumption in FY 2006 was 26.9 percent less than in FY 

1985, 5.9 percent less than in FY 2003, and 7.8 percent less than in FY 2005. 

 The total cost of the 1.1 quads was $17.7 billion in FY 2006 and represented approximately 0.7 

percent of the total Federal expenditures of $2.655 trillion for all purposes in FY 2006. 

o	 In constant 2006 dollars, this equates to an increase of 65.4 percent from $10.7 billion in FY 

2003 to $17.7 billion in FY 2006 (Table A-9). 

o	 During that same period, the unit cost of all fuel types used increased 75.7 percent, from 

$9.52 per million Btu in FY 2003 to $16.73 per million Btu in FY 2006. 

o	 Compared to FY 2005, the combined unit costs of all fuels increased 28.5 percent in FY 

2006. Contributing to the overall increase in unit costs were increases from the prior year in 

the prices paid by the Government for: 

 Jet fuel (33.1 percent increase), 

 Navy special fuel oil (48.0 percent increase), 

 Diesel fuel (26.1 percent increase) 

 Gasoline (28.1 percent increase), 

 Electricity (8.6 percent increase) 

 Fuel oil (42.3 percent increase), and 

E-1
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 Natural gas (23.0 percent increase) 

 Federal agencies now report energy consumption under three end-use sectors: 

o	 EPACT 2005 goal-subject buildings; 

o	 EPACT 2005 goal-excluded buildings; and 

o	 vehicles and equipment. 

 Total Federal energy consumption and costs are summarized below by end-use sector: 

Energy Use	 Trillion Btu Percentage 

Goal Buildings 352.9 33.3%
 

Excluded Buildings 37.9 3.6%
 

Vehicles & Equipment 668.7 63.1%
 

Total 1,059.5 100.0%
 

Energy Cost $Billion Percentage 

Goal Buildings $5.8 32.8%
 

Excluded Buildings $0.7 3.9%
 

Vehicles & Equipment $11.2 63.4%
 

Total $17.7 100.0%
 

GOVERNMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE IN FY 2006 

Energy Performance Requirement for Federal Buildings 

 Taking into account renewable energy purchases and improvements in the efficiency of certain 

energy generating facilities, the Federal Government decreased energy use per gross square foot 

by 6.4 percent in fiscal year 2006 relative to fiscal year 2003 for buildings subject to the EPACT 

2005 amendments goal. Based strictly on total site energy use per gross square foot (excluding 

renewable energy purchases and improved generating efficiency), the Government cut its energy 

intensity by 3 percent. 

 Using either accounting method, the Government surpassed the EPACT 2005 amendments goal 

of a 2 percent reduction. 

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reduction 

 Compared to FY 2003, estimated emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide from 

energy use in Federal buildings subject to the EPACT 2005 amendments goal decreased 7.4 percent, 

from 46.3 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2E) to 42.8 MTCO2E in FY 2006. 

o	 Twenty-one agencies showed reductions in GHG emissions during the period in this 

estimation. 

Use of Renewable Energy 

 The Federal renewable energy goals in EPACT 2005 begin in FY 2007. (42 U.S.C. 15852(a)) 

Therefore, this report tracks performance for FY 2006 under the existing reporting structure that was 

used under Executive Order 13123, “Efficient Energy Management”. (64 FR 30851; June 8, 1999.) 

o The goal under Executive Order 13123 was for the equivalent of 2.5 percent of electricity 

consumption in Federal facilities to come from new renewable energy sources by 2005. 

E-2
 
 

o	 Non-electric renewable energy use was also eligible to be counted toward progress in meeting 

the goal. 

 Federal agencies reported purchasing or producing 12,891.5 billion Btu of new renewable energy in 

FY 2006, equivalent to 6.9 percent of the Federal Government’s electricity use. 

Petroleum Reduction in Buildings 

 Federal agencies have made significant progress in reducing their dependence on fuel oil and 

LPG/propane in their buildings. 

o	 Federal agencies reduced petroleum-based fuels by 72.6 percent in FY 2006 compared to FY 

1985, from 118.8 trillion Btu to 32.6 trillion Btu. 

o	 Compared to FY 2003, use of these fuels fell by 24.3 percent. 

INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY 

 During FY 2006, Federal agencies had three primary options for financing energy efficiency, water 

conservation, and renewable energy projects in buildings: 

o	 Direct appropriated funding, 

o	 Energy savings performance contracts (ESPCs), and 

o	 Utility energy service contracts (UESCs). 

 Known funding from the three sources totaled approximately $665.9 million in FY 2006. 

o	 Direct appropriations accounted for approximately $281.1 million. 

o	 ESPC contract awards by agencies resulted in approximately $314.5 million in estimated 

project investment in FY 2006 

 $164.4 million from DOE Super ESPC delivery orders and $150.1 million from other 

agency ESPCs, and 

o	 Approximately $70.4 million in project investment came from UESCs. 

 Since 2003, the Government has invested approximately $2.2 billion in energy efficiency, $921.4 

million of which was direct agency expenditures, $902.4 million was from ESPCs and $338.9 million 

was from UESCs. 

E-3
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COSTS 

This report on Federal energy management for 

fiscal year (FY) 2006 provides information on 

energy consumption in Federal buildings, 

operations, and vehicles and documents activities 

conducted by Federal agencies to meet the 

statutory requirements of: 

•	 Title V, Part 3, of NECPA, as amended by the 

Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. §§ 

8251-8259, 8262, 8262b-k); 

•	 Title VIII of NECPA, as amended by the 

Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. § 8287-

8287c). 

This report adopts the reporting structure of the 

Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; Pub. L. 

No. 109-58) with regard to new performance goals 

and baseline year of 2003 rather than that of 

Executive Order 13123, “Efficient Energy 

Management” (64 FR 30851; June 8, 1999) which 

was superseded by Executive Order 13423, 

Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, 

and Transportation Management, (72 FR 3919; 

January 24, 2007. The energy management 

requirements of Executive Order 13423 will be 

addressed more comprehensively in the report for 

FY 2007. 

Based on reports submitted to the Department of 

Energy (DOE) by 25 Federal agencies, the total 

primary energy consumption of the Government of 

the United States, including energy consumed to 

produce, process, and transport energy, was 

approximately 1.5 quadrillion British thermal units 

(Btu) or “quads” during FY 2006 (see Table A-1 

in Appendix A, Energy Consumption and Cost 

Detail Tables).1 These 1.5 quads, consumed by 

the Government in buildings and operations to 

provide essential services to its citizens, including 

1

Primary energy consumption considers all energy 

resources used to generate and transport electricity and 

steam. Tables 7, 8, and A-1 show primary energy 

consumption while the rest of the tables in the report 

reflect site-delivered consumption. See Appendix B for 

information on energy conversion factors. 

the defense of the Nation, represent approximately 

1.5 percent of the total 99.61 quads2

 used in the 

United States. In total, the Federal Government is 

the single largest energy consumer in the Nation, 

although its consumption is widely dispersed 

geographically. The total primary energy consumption in FY 2006 was 18.2 percent less than in 

FY 1985, 4.8 percent less than in FY 2003, and 5.8 

percent less than in FY 2005. 

When measured in terms of energy delivered to 

the point of use or site-delivered energy 

consumption, the Federal Government consumed 

almost 1.1 quads (1,059,521.5 billion Btu) during 

FY 2006 (Table A-2). Unless otherwise noted, this 

report uses the site-measured conversion factors to 

convert common units for electricity and steam to 

British thermal units (Btu). The total site-delivered 

energy consumption in FY 2006 was 26.9 percent 

less than in FY 1985, 5.9 percent less than in FY 

2003, and 7.8 percent less than in FY 2005. 

The total cost of the 1.1 quads was $17.7 billion in 

FY 2006 and represented approximately 0.7 

percent of the total Federal expenditures of $2.655 

trillion3

 for all purposes in FY 2006.4 In constant 

2006 dollars, this equates to an increase of 65.4 

percent from $10.7 billion in FY 2003 to $17.7 

billion in FY 2006 (Table A-9). 

2

DOE/EIA, Monthly Energy Review Jun 2007, Table 

1.1. www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/pdf/pages/sec1_3.pdf 

3

Analytical Perspectives, Budget of the United States 

Government, Fiscal Year 2008 

4

Unless otherwise noted, all costs cited in this report 

are in constant 2006 dollars, calculated using Gross 

Domestic Product implicit price deflators. See Bureau 

of Economic Analysis web site, www.bea.gov/bea/dn/ 

gdplev.xls. Costs noted as nominal dollars reflect the 

price paid at the time of the transaction and have not 

been adjusted to remove the effect of changes in the 

spending power of the dollar. 

1
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

During that same period, the unit cost of all fuel 

types used increased 75.7 percent, from $9.52 per 

million Btu in FY 2003 to $16.73 per million Btu 

in FY 2006. 

Compared to FY 2005, the combined unit costs of 

all fuels increased 28.5 percent in FY 2006. 

Contributing to the overall increase in unit costs 

were increases from the prior year in the prices 

paid by the Government for: 

• Jet fuel (33.1 percent increase), 

• Navy special fuel oil (48.0 percent increase), 

• Diesel fuel (26.1 percent increase) 

• Gasoline (28.1 percent increase), 

• Electricity (8.6 percent increase) 

• Fuel oil (42.3 percent increase), and 

• Natural gas (23.0 percent increase). 

In addition to prices and Federal energy 

management activities, many other variables 

contribute to changes in annual energy use and 

costs, including changes in square footage, 

building stock, weather, tempo of operations, fuel 

mix, and vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet 

composition. 

In FY 2006, the Department of Defense (DOD) 

spent almost $13.8 billion for energy out of the 

total Federal energy expenditure of $17.7 billion, 

or 77.8 percent. Overall, DOD used 7.8 percent 

less site-delivered energy in FY 2006 than in FY 

2005. 

Figures 1 and 2 depict the percentage of total 

energy used by the Federal Government in FY 

2006 and its cost. As illustrated, jet fuel and 

electricity account for approximately 59.4 percent 

of the total energy consumption represented in 

Figure 1 and approximately 69.1 percent of the 

total energy costs in Figure 2. 

Federal agencies now report energy consumption 

under three end-use sectors: 1) EPACT 2005 

goal-subject buildings5

; 2) EPACT 2005 goalexcluded buildings; and 3) vehicles and 

equipment. 

Total Federal energy consumption and costs are 

summarized below by end-use sector: 

Energy Use Trillion Btu Percentage 

Goal Buildings 352.9 33.3% 

Excluded Buildings 37.9 3.6% 

Vehicles & Equipment 668.7 63.1% 

Total 1,059.5 100.0% 

Energy Cost $Billion Percentage 

Goal Buildings $5.8 32.8% 

Excluded Buildings $0.7 3.9% 

Vehicles & Equipment $11.2 63.4% 

Total $17.7 100.0% 

5

 Section 102 of EPACT 2005 re-established the 

statutory energy reduction goals for Federal buildings. 

The new goal uses a base year of FY 2003 and requires 

reductions of 2 percent per year in energy use per 

square foot, leading to a 20 percent reduction in the 

fiscal year 2015. 

2 
Figure 1
 

Federal Energy Consumption by Fuel Type and End-Use Sector, FY 2006
 

Total by Energy Type: 1.06 quads 

OTHER 

16.1% ELECTRICITY 

FUEL OIL 

NAVY SPECIAL 

9.4% 

NATURAL GAS 

12.1% 

17.6% 

3.0% 

JET FUEL 

41.8% 

Excluded Facilities: 0.04 quads 

OTHER 

2.2% 

3.6% 

Goal Buildings: 0.35 quads 

OTHER 

5.6% 

NATURAL GAS ELECTRICITY 

34.0% 46.4% 

COAL 

FUEL OIL 5.4% 

8.5% 

Total by End-Use Sector: 1.06 quads 

EXCLUDED 

FACILITIES GOAL 

VEHICLES 

63.1% 

BUILDINGS 

33.3% 

Vehicles & Equipment: 0.67 quads 

OTHER 

0.4% NAVY SPECIAL 

14.8% 

DIST/DIESEL 

11.4% 

JET FUEL 

66.2% 

COAL 

11.2% 

ELECTRICITY 

60.2% 

NATURAL GAS 

21.6% 

FUEL OIL 

4.8% 

GASOLINE 

7.1% 

3 
Figure 2
 

Federal Energy Costs by Fuel Type and End-Use Sector, FY 2006
 

Total by Energy Type: $17.7 Billion Total by End-Use Sector: $17.7 Billion 

OTHER 

14.5% 

EXCLUDED 

FACILITIES FUEL OIL GOAL 3.9% 2.4% BUILDINGS 

ELECTRICITY 32.8% 

24.1%
 

6.4%
 

NAVY SPECIAL 

NATURAL GAS 

7.6% 

JET FUEL 

45.0% 

VEHICLES 

63.4% 

Goal Buildings: $5.8 Billion 

OTHER 

6.3% 

ELECTRICITY 

64.1% NATURAL GAS 

21.5% 

FUEL OIL 

COAL 7.0% 

1.0% 

Excluded Facilities: $0.6 Billion Vehicles & Equipment: $11.2 Billion 

OTHER 

1.6%
 

COAL
 

1.1%
 

NATURAL GAS ELECTRICITY 

14.5% 79.7% 

FUEL OIL 

3.2% 

DIST/DIESEL 

10.0% 

OTHER 

0.5% 

JET FUEL 

GASOLINE 71.0% 

8.5% 

NAVY 

SPECIAL 

10.1% 

4 
 

 

 

A. EPACT 2005 Goal Buildings 

EPACT 2005 Goal Buildings are Federal buildings 

which are subject to EPACT energy performance 

requirements. They comprise 3.0 out of 3.2 billion 

square feet of total Federal space (94.9 percent) 

and account for 352.9 of 390.8 trillion Btu (90.3 

percent) of energy use. Formerly, Federal agencies 

reported energy consumption separately for 

standard buildings and for industrial, laboratory, 

and other energy intensive facilities. Under 

EPACT 2005 amendments to section 543 of 

NECPA, these two end-use sectors are now 

combined for the purpose of goal performance 

measurement and are referred to in this report as 

“goal buildings.” (42 U.S.C. 8253(a)(1)) Below is 

an overview of energy consumption and costs in 

goal buildings. See Section II for the discussion on 

goal performance. 

In FY 2006, the Federal Government used 352.9 

trillion Btu to provide energy to 3.0 billion square 

feet of building space subject to the EPACT 2005 

amendments goal (Table A-3). This consumption 

represents a 28.7 percent decrease compared to FY 

1985, a 6.1 percent decrease relative to FY 2003, 

and a 5.8 percent decrease from FY 2005. The 

significant drop from FY 1985 reflects the success 

of Federal energy management efforts in reducing 

fossil fuel use in Federal buildings as well as 

reduced defense-related facility energy use (41.5 

percent less than FY 1985). The cost of energy for 

goal buildings in FY 2006 was $5.8 billion, an 

increase of approximately $461.9 million from FY 

2005 expenditures, and an increase of 22.7 percent 

from the FY 2003 expenditure of $4.7 billion 

(Table A-4).6

 Of the $5.8 billion spent for energy 

used in the goal buildings, $3.25 billion was spent 

by DOD with the remaining $2.56 billion spent by 

the civilian agencies. 

The 352.9 trillion Btu used in goal buildings 

comprised approximately 33.2 percent of the total 

1.1 quads used by the Federal Government. 

Electricity constitutes 46.4 percent of the energy 

6

Cost and consumption figures for prior years may be 

different from those published in last year’s annual 

report since Federal agencies update their files and 

provide revisions to their data. 

used in goal buildings; 34.0 percent is accounted 

for by natural gas, 8.5 percent by fuel oil, and 5.4 

percent by coal. Small amounts of purchased 

steam, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)/ propane, 

and “other” energy account for the remaining 5.6 

percent. 

B. Excluded Buildings 

As required by the EPACT 2005 amendments to 

section 543 of NECPA (42 U.S.C. 8253(c)(3)), the 

Department of Energy’s Federal Energy 

Management Program (FEMP) finalized and 

promulgated on January 27, 2006 the Guidelines 

Establishing Criteria for Excluding Buildings from 

the Energy Performance Requirements of Section 

543 of the National Energy Conservation Policy 

Act as Amended by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. 

These guidelines were developed through an 

interagency working group process under the 

auspices of the Federal Interagency Energy 

Management Task Force which subsequently 

concurred with the final product. The Guidelines 

are available at: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/ 

femp/pdfs/exclusion_criteria.pdf. Excluded buildings comprise 174.1 million square feet out of 3.2 

billion square feet of total Federal space (5.1 

percent) and account for 37.9 of 390.8 trillion Btu 

(9.7 percent) of energy use. 

Twelve agencies have chosen to exclude buildings 

from energy performance requirements: DOD, 

DOE, the Departments of Commerce, Health and 

Human Services, Homeland Security, Transportation, and the Treasury, the National Aeronautics 

and Space Administration (NASA), the General 

Services Administration (GSA), the International 

Broadcast Bureau, the U.S. Postal Service, and the 

Tennessee Valley Authority have chosen to 

exclude buildings from energy management 

requirements. These buildings are listed at 

www.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/excludedfac06.pdf. 

In general, excluded buildings are comprised of 

structures and processes that are not qualified as 

Federal buildings, buildings under construction or 

renovation, and certain types of leased space. For 

example: 

•	 Structures such as outside parking garages 

which consume essentially only lighting 

5 
 

 

energy, yet are classed as buildings, 

•	 Federal ships that consume “Cold Iron 

Energy,” (energy used to supply power and 

heat to ships docked in port) and airplanes or 

other vehicles that are supplied with utilityprovided energy, 

•	 Buildings entering or leaving the inventory 

during the year, buildings down-scaled 

operationally to prepare for decontamination, 

decommissioning and disposal, and buildings 

undergoing major renovation and/or major 

asbestos removal, 

•	 Leased space where the Government may pay 

for some energy but not all or the space 

comprises only part of a building, and 

•	 Separately-metered energy-intensive loads that 

are driven by mission and operational 

requirements, not necessarily buildings, and 

not influenced by conventional building 

energy conservation measures. 

If none of the circumstances above apply, then 

NECPA requires each agency seeking to exclude 

buildings to demonstrate that for the building 

being excluded: 

•	 Energy reduction requirements are impracticable, 

•	 All Federally-required energy management 

reports have been completed and submitted, 

•	 Agency has achieved compliance with all 

energy efficiency requirements, and 

•	 All practicable, life cycle cost-effective 

projects have been implemented at the 

excluded building(s) 

(42 U.S.C. 8253(c)(1)(A)(i)-(iv) 

Agency-specific details pertaining to their excluded buildings are described in Section III of 

this report. 

Energy used in excluded buildings totaled 37.9 

trillion Btu in FY 2006 (Table A-5), approximately 3.6 percent of the total 1.1 quads used by 

the Federal Government. Electricity constitutes 

60.2 percent of the energy used in excluded 

buildings, 21.6 percent is accounted for by natural 

gas and 4.8 percent by fuel oil. Small amounts of 

purchased steam, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)/ 

propane, and “other” energy account for the 

remaining 2.2 percent. 

The energy used in excluded buildings in FY 2006 

accounted for 3.9 percent of the total Federal 

energy bill. The Federal Government spent 

approximately $684.0 million for this category’s 

energy during the fiscal year (Table A-6). 

C. Vehicles and Equipment 

Vehicles and equipment energy includes aircraft 

and naval fuels, automotive gasoline, diesel fuel 

consumed by Federally-owned and leased vehicles 

and privately-owned vehicles used for official 

business, and the energy used in Federal 

construction. 

In FY 2006, the Federal Government used 

approximately 668.7 trillion Btu of energy in 

vehicles and equipment, 63.1 percent of the total 

1.1 quads consumed (Table A-7). Total energy 

consumption in vehicles and equipment decreased 

28.4 percent relative to FY 1985 and 11.0 percent 

from the FY 2005 consumption of 751.2 trillion 

Btu. DOD consumed 620.4 trillion Btu or 92.8 

percent of all vehicles and equipment energy used 

by the Federal Government. 

The Federal Government spent $11.2 billion on 

vehicles and equipment energy in FY 2006 (Table 

A-8), almost $2.1 billion more than the FY 2005 

expenditure, a 22.5 percent increase in constant 

dollars. For all fuels, the cost per million Btu 

increased from $12.21 in FY 2005 to $16.79 in FY 

2006 (Table A-9). The unit cost of the most-used 

fuel, jet fuel, increased 33.1 percent from the 

previous year. Gasoline prices paid by the 

Government increased 28.1 percent from the 

previous year. 

Consumption of alternative fuels and progress 

toward the EPACT 2005 and Executive Order 

goals for Federal fleet vehicles is addressed in the 

report, Federal Fleet Compliance with EPACT 

and E.O. 13149, Fiscal Year 2006, available at 

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/epa 

ct/pdfs/2006_fed_fleet_report.pdf. In FY 2006, 

Federal agencies reported using 1,554.4 billion 

Btu of alternative fuels at a cost of $30.2 million. 

Alternative fuels comprise 0.2 percent of the 

Government’s energy consumption in vehicles and 

equipment and 0.3 percent of the costs. 

6 
 

 

II. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT 

PERFORMANCE IN FY 2006 

A. Overview of Federal Energy 

Management Policy and Legislative 

Mandates 

The National Energy Conservation Policy Act 

(NECPA), as amended by EPACT 2005 requires 

Federal agencies to improve energy management 

in their facilities and operations. (42 U.S.C. 

8253(a)) Amendments to NECPA made by the 

Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 

1988 (Pub. L. No. 100-615), required each agency 

to achieve a 10 percent reduction in energy 

consumption in its Federal buildings by FY 1995, 

when measured against a FY 1985 baseline on a 

Btu-per-gross-square-foot (Btu/GSF) basis. It also 

directed DOE to establish life-cycle costing 

methods and coordinate Federal conservation 

activities through the Interagency Energy 

Management Task Force. Section 543 of NECPA 

contained provisions requiring a reduction in 

Btu/GSF of 20 percent by 2000, life-cycle cost 

methods and procedures, budget treatment for 

energy conservation measures, incentives for 

Federal facility energy managers, reporting 

requirements, new technology demonstrations, and 

agency surveys of energy-saving potential. 

Section 102 of EPACT 2005 amended NECPA 

to re-establish the statutory energy reduction 

goals for Federal buildings. (42 U.S.C. 8253(a)) 

Since FY 2000, the Government has been 

measuring its progress in this area against 

Executive Order goals that were an extension of 

the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (Pub. L. No. 102-

486) goals using a 1985 base year for comparison. 

The new goal uses a base year of FY 2003 and 

requires reductions of 2 percent per year in 

energy use per square foot, leading to a 20 

percent reduction in the fiscal year 2015. The 

new requirement includes industrial, laboratory, 

and other energy intensive facilities in the goal. 

Since the EPACT 2005 amendments make no 

distinction between standard buildings and energy 

intensive facilities in measuring performance 

toward its annual goals and uses 2003 as its 

baseline year, burdensome data management 

activities would have been required of agencies to 

continue reporting against the old Executive Order 

13123 goals. Therefore, this report for FY 2006 

uses the EPACT 2005 amendments reporting 

scheme while looking ahead to the requirements of 

the new Executive Order 13423. 

To further assist agencies in adjusting to the new 

goals, FEMP provided guidance for establishing 

the baseline for the goals under the EPACT 2005 

amendments and clarified how the differing 

reporting requirements of EPACT 2005 and 

Executive Order 13123 (still in effect) would be 

addressed. FEMP assisted Federal agencies in 

assessing their FY 2003 energy data to lay the 

foundation of their EPACT baseline, providing 

each agency with its FY 2003 energy 

consumption, costs, and square footage data 

formatted in ways that allowed agencies to assess 

their baseline data according to default and new 

building inventory categories. Agencies submitted 

baseline assessments with their FY 2006 reporting 

packages. 

Section 102 of EPACT 2005 also amended 

NECPA to update the criteria for exclusion of 

buildings from the energy efficiency goals 

requirement based on findings by the head of the 

agency relating to implementation of all life-cycle 

cost-effective projects, energy intensiveness, and 

national security functions. (42 U.S.C. 8253(c)(3)) 

Section 543(c)(3) of NECPA states that the 

Secretary of Energy shall issue guidelines that 

establish criteria for exclusions from the energy 

performance requirement for a fiscal year, any 

Federal building or collection of Federal buildings, 

within the statutory framework provided by the 

law. (42 U.S.C. 8253(c)(3)) 

On January 27, 2006, DOE issued the Guidelines 

Establishing Criteria for Excluding Buildings from 

the Energy Performance Requirements of Section 

543 of the National Energy Conservation Policy 

Act as Amended by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. 

These guidelines were developed through an 

7 
 

 

 

 

interagency working group process under the auspices of the Federal Interagency Energy Management Task Force. See www.eere.energy.gov/femp/ 

pdfs/exclusion_criteria.pdf. 

As an incentive, section 102 amends section 546 

of NECPA to include authority for Federal 

agencies to retain any funds appropriated to 

that agency for energy, water, or wastewater 

treatment expenditures that are not made 

because of savings through actions taken to 

comply with the Act. (42 U.S.C. 8256(e)) Subject 

to other applicable law, the funds can only be used 

for energy efficiency, water conservation, or 

unconventional and renewable energy resources 

projects. 

Section 103 “Energy Use Measurement and 

Accountability” amends section 543 of NECPA 

to direct that all Federal buildings be metered 

“...for the purposes of efficient energy use and 

reduction in the cost of electricity used in such 

buildings...” by October 1, 2012. (42 U.S.C. 

8256(e)) The direction is specific to the 

measurement of electricity in that advanced meters 

or metering devices that provide data at least daily 

and measure the consumption of electricity at least 

hourly will be used to the maximum extent 

practicable. The law directs the Secretary of 

Energy – in consultation with the Department of 

Defense, the General Services Administration, and 

all private sector utility, metering stakeholders, as 

well as national laboratories and universities – 

develop guidelines for implementation. The 

Congressional direction includes specific issues to 

be considered in developing the guidelines 

including: the relative costs and benefits of the 

proposed metering, the amount of funds and 

personnel resources necessary to implement the 

direction, protocol to prioritize metering 

applications, and guidelines for excluding 

individual buildings. (42 U.S.C. 8253(e)(2)(A) and 

(B)) Within six months of receipt of the guidance, 

agencies will submit to DOE an implementation 

plan identifying personnel responsible for 

achieving the requirements, and any determination 

by the agency that advanced meters or metering 

systems are not practicable in their specific 

situation. (42 U.S.C. 8253(e)(3)) 

Section 104 “Procurement of Energy Efficient 

Products” amends Part 3 of title V of NECPA to 

require that each agency “... incorporate into the 

specifications for all procurements involving 

energy consuming products and systems, including 

guides specifications, project specifications, and 

construction, renovation, and services contracts 

that include provision of energy consuming 

products and systems, and into the factors for the 

evaluation of offers received for the procurement, 

criteria for energy efficiency that are consistent 

with ... Energy Star products and for rating FEMP 

designated products.” (42 U.S.C. 8259(b)(3)) 

Section 105 “Energy Savings Performance 

Contracts” extends the authority of NECPA for 

Federal agencies to energy into the 

performance contracts for energy and water 

conservation to 2016. (42 U.S.C. 8287(c)) 

To assure that all new Federal buildings 

incorporate the best energy efficiency techniques 

available, Section 109 “Federal Building 

Performance Standards” amends section 305(a) 

of the Energy Conservation and Production Act 

to direct the Secretary of Energy, within one 

year, to issue a rule that establishes Federal 

building energy efficiency performance 

standards based on updated industry 

standards. (42 U.S.C. 6834(a)) The standards will 

require that, if life-cycle cost-effective, all new 

Federal buildings will be designed to achieve 

energy consumption levels thirty percent below 

those of the current version of the applicable 

ASHRAE standard or the International Energy 

Conservation Code (IECC). (42 U.S.C. 

6834(a)(3)(A)(i)(I)) The requirement further states 

that sustainable design principles will be applied 

to the siting, design, and construction of all new 

and replacement buildings. (42 U.S.C. 6834(a)(3) 

(A)(i)(II)) The section also requires DOE to 

perform a review within one year of any change to 

the ASHRAE standard or IECC to see if the 

Federal guidance should be updated. (42 U.S.C. 

6834(a)(3)(B)) As an oversight provision, the 

section also directs each agency to include in its 

annual budget request and report under the 

National Energy Conservation Policy Act 

identification of all new buildings and whether 

they meet of exceed the developed standards. (42 

U.S.C. 6834(a)(3)(C)) 

8 
 

 

Section 203 of EPACT 2005 requires the 

Secretary of Energy to seek to ensure that, to the 

extent economically feasible and technically 

practicable, of the total amount of electric 

energy the Federal Government consumes, the 

following amounts are renewable energy as 

defined in section 203 of the Act: 

•	 Not less than 3 percent in fiscal years 2007 

through 2009. 

•	 Not less than 5 percent in fiscal years 2010 

through 2012. 

•	 Not less than 7.5 percent in fiscal year 2013 

and each fiscal year thereafter. 

(42 U.S.C. 15852 (a)) 

Section 203 also provides a bonus to Federal 

agencies by allowing them to double count 

renewable energy if it is produced on-site and used 

at a Federal facility, produced on Federal lands 

and used at a Federal facility, or produced on 

Indian land and used at a Federal facility (42 

U.S.C. 15852 (c)). 

Section 203 states that the term ‘‘renewable 

energy’’ means electric energy generated from 

solar, wind, biomass, landfill gas, ocean (including 

tidal, wave, current, and thermal), geothermal, 

municipal solid waste, or new hydroelectric 

generation capacity achieved from increased 

efficiency or additions of new capacity at an 

existing hydroelectric project. (42 U.S.C. 15852 

(b)(2)) 

The Federal renewable energy goals in EPACT 

2005 begin in fiscal year 2007 and DOE’s 

guidance for implementing the goals was still 

being finalized in December of 2007. Therefore, 

this report tracks performance for FY 2006 under 

the existing reporting structure that was used 

under Executive Order 13123. 

9 
 

B. Energy Performance Requirement for Federal Buildings 

According to data provided by the agencies, the 

Federal Government decreased energy use per 

gross square foot by 6.4 percent in FY 2006 

relative to FY 2003 for buildings subject to the 

goal. This surpassed the EPACT 2005 amendments goal of a 2 percent reduction. The Federal 

Government has also met the goal of 

subsequently-issued Executive Order 13423 with a 

3 percent reduction strictly on the basis of reduced 

energy intensity. Subtracting 12.6 trillion Btu for 

renewable energy purchases and for projects that 

reduce primary energy use (as opposed to sitedelivered energy), the reduction is more than 

doubled to 6.4 percent below the FY 2003 baseline. The Federal Government’s performance for 

each year since FY 2003 is illustrated in Figure 3. 

EPACT 2005 is silent on whether purchases of 

renewable energy can be used to achieve energy 

reduction goals. Under the old Executive Order 

13123, agencies were permitted to credit renewable energy purchases toward their performance 

under the energy reduction goals. These credits 

were continued for FY 2006, pending the release 

of DOE guidance on EPACT 2005’s renewable 

energy goal which will phase out the credits over 

time. For FY 2006, these credits amounted to 12.6 

trillion Btu that were subtracted from agencies’ 

consumption before Btu/GSF was calculated. 

Btu per Gross Square Foot 

Figure 3
 

Overall Government Progress toward Facility Energy Efficiency Goals, 

FY 2003 through FY 2006 

125,000 

120,000 

115,000 

110,000 

105,000 

100,000 

95,000 

90,000 

85,000 

80,000 

2006 Progress 

113,446 Btu/GSF 

6.4% Reduction 

2006 Progress without RE Purchase 

& Source Energy Savings Credits 

117,644 Btu/GSF, 3.0% Reduction 

EPACT '05 Goal 

20% Reduction 

in 2015 

E.O. 13423 Goal 

30% Reduction 

in 2015 

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 

Fiscal Year 

10 
 

Similarly, Section 502(e) of Executive Order 

13123 provided credit to agencies that implement 

cost-effective projects that save primary energy, 

but not necessarily site-delivered energy. In FY 

2006, these credits amounted to almost 3.8 trillion 

Btu. This credit is necessary so that cost-effective 

projects which generate electricity on site (and 

increase site energy use while reducing source 

energy use) do not penalize agency performance 

toward the goal. This practice is expected to 

continue under the goals of Executive Order 

13423 through supplemental guidance to be 

released by DOE under authority of the Executive 

Order’s implementing instructions. 

The additional credits toward energy intensity 

reduction as applied to each agency are documented in the notes of Table 2. 

Individual agency performance in FY 2006, compared to FY 2003, is illustrated below in Figure 4 

and documented in Table 2. Twenty-one out of 22 

agencies reporting their performance toward the 

goal have reduced energy use per gross square foot 

in goal buildings by more than 2 percent from 

2003. 

At the agency level, the largest overall reductions 

are seen in those agencies taking advantage of 

renewable energy credits, and to a lesser degree, 

primary energy project reduction credits. Even 

without the credits, many agencies have achieved 

remarkable success in reduction in energy 

intensity. Eighteen agencies achieved the 2 percent 

goal without additional credits. Only two agencies, 

EPA and DOD pushed past the goal through use of 

credits. 

Figure 4
 

Individual Agency Reductions in Btu per Square Foot of Goal Building Space

 in FY 2006 Compared to FY 2003
 

EPA 45.3% 

HHS 23.1% 

DOC 21.2% 

DHS 19.7% 

TRSY 15.8% 

HUD 15.4% 

DOI 15.1% 

DOL 15.1% 

NARA 13.3% 

DOT 13.0% 

NASA 11.9% 

ST 11.1% 

SSA 10.3% 

USDA 9.8% 

DOE 9.7% % Reduction in Btu/Sq.Ft. 2003-

DOJ 9.0% 2006 

GSA 7.9% 

Total Gov't 6.4% Addt'l Reduction w/ RE Purchase 

DOD 5.6% & Source Energy Credits 

VA 5.4% 

TVA 5.0% 

RRB 4.8% 

USPS 1.3% 

2% 

Agency 

-5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 

FY 2006 Btu/Square Foot Reduction from FY 2003 

11 
 

 

 

TABLE 1
 

FEDERAL GOAL BUILDINGS SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY USE PER GROSS
 

SQUARE FOOT (BTU/GSF), FY 2003 AND FY 2006 

FISCAL YEAR 2003 FISCAL YEAR 2006 %CHANGE 

Agency GSF (Thou.) Billion Btu BTU/GSF GSF (Thou.) Billion Btu BTU/GSF 2003-2006 

VA 141,326.3 29,278.0 207,166 142,271.4 27,873.0 195,914 -5.4 

USPS 353,090.5 23,968.6 67,882 331,812.9 22,230.5 66,997 -1.3 

DOE 98,386.6 25,712.3 261,340 89,269.5 21,059.4 235,908 -9.7 

DOJ 56,771.1 16,410.0 289,056 67,603.7 17,783.4 263,054 -9.0 

GSA 184,330.4 14,091.8 76,449 179,368.6 12,630.1 70,414 -7.9 

HHS 27,742.0 9,566.6 344,842 28,444.1 7,542.0 265,150 -23.1 

NASA 31,726.7 6,850.5 215,922 31,523.8 5,998.1 190,273 -11.9 

DOI 57,857.6 5,095.2 88,064 63,334.0 4,735.8 74,775 -15.1 

USDA 60,566.0 5,376.8 88,776 52,908.0 4,238.5 80,111 -9.8 

DHS 40,141.3 4,747.6 118,271 42,210.4 4,007.2 94,935 -19.7 

DOL 21,612.3 2,566.9 118,769 20,335.8 2,051.1 100,861 -15.1 

TRSY 12,487.6 2,288.2 183,237 12,592.5 1,942.0 154,216 -15.8 

DOC 10,045.0 1,968.5 195,966 10,536.2 1,626.0 154,329 -21.2 

EPA 3,643.4 1,264.4 347,036 3,682.6 698.4 189,659 -45.3 

SSA 9,262.0 1,151.3 124,300 9,262.0 1,032.8 111,508 -10.3 

DOT 7,114.6 721.6 101,423 7,216.9 636.5 88,190 -13.0 

NARA 2,804.6 508.1 181,166 4,062.0 637.7 156,992 -13.3 

TVA 9,796.2 641.9 65,530 9,471.3 589.8 62,273 -5.0 

ST 3,866.5 494.5 127,885 4,516.2 513.7 113,746 -11.1 

HUD 1,432.0 112.9 78,817 1,432.0 95.5 66,690 -15.4 

RRB 346.9 36.0 103,877 346.9 34.3 98,876 -4.8 

OTHER 2,202.1 193.5 87,871 149.7 9.8 65,304 -25.7 

Civilian Agencies 

Subtotal 1,136,551.7 153,045.2 134,657 1,112,350.5 137,965.5 124,031 -7.9 

DOD 1,963,169.3 222,838.5 113,510 1,887,636.9 202,369.8 107,208 -5.6 

TOTAL 3,099,721.0 375,883.7 121,264 2,999,987.4 340,335.3 113,446 -6.4 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

*Other includes the FCC, FTC, NRC, and OPM. 

Italics indicate that reductions were made to FY 2006 energy use and Btu/GSF to reflect purchases of renewable energy. When calculating 

Btu/GSF, the following amounts were subtracted from agency energy use for FY 2006: VA, 309.8 BBtu (1.1% of energy use); DOE, 466.0 

BBtu (2.2%); DOJ, 6.8 BBtu (0.0%); GSA, 442.1 BBtu (3.4%); HHS, 57.2 BBtu (15.4%); NASA, 349.5 BBtu (5.5%); DOI, 298.5 BBtu (5.9%); 

USDA, 88.4 BBtu (2.0%); DHS, 85.2 BBtu (2.1%); DOL, 26.5 BBtu (1.3%); TRSY, 44.9 BBtu (2.3%); DOC, 348.1 BBtu (17.6%); EPA, 554.1 

BBtu (44.2%); SSA, 4.6 BBtu (0.4%); DOT, 7.1 BBtu (1.1%); TVA, 4.0 BBtu (0.7%); RRB, 0.2 BBtu (0.6%); and DOD, 5,743.2 BBtu (3.9%). 

The follow agencies also received credits for projects that save primary energy: GSA, 2.3 BBtu; HHS, 1,310.8 BBtu; and DOD 2,445.7 BBtu. 

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. 

 Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

12 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

C. Changes in Estimated Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Reduced Energy 

Use in EPACT Goal Buildings 

Although Federal agencies formerly had a 

greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction goal under 

Executive Order 13123, FY 2006 was not one of 

the milestone years. Under Executive Order 

13423, GHG is defined and GHG reduction is in 

the context of a reduction in energy intensity. 

However, Executive Order 13423 does not contain 

a specific quantitative goal for GHG reduction.7 

DOE will continue to estimate GHG emissions 

based on agency-reported energy consumption. 

Not all of the gases mentioned in the Executive 

Order 13423 definition of GHG8

 can be estimated 

solely on the energy data provided by the 

agencies, but DOE’s Federal Energy Management 

Program (FEMP) has developed a method for 

estimating emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, 

and nitrous oxide from agency energy use (See 

Appendix B). Carbon dioxide is overwhelmingly 

the largest component of GHG emissions from 

energy use. Even considering the higher global 

warming potential (GWP) of methane and nitrous 

oxide, they still make up less than a half of a 

percent of the GWP of carbon dioxide emissions 

for any facility fuel. 

Since agencies do not report electricity use 

disaggregated by region, FEMP uses a nationallyderived factor for estimating GHG emissions from 

electricity use. Purchases of all forms of renewable 

energy used in buildings are factored out of GHG 

emission estimates. In future year reporting, 

agencies will have the option of estimating GHG 

emissions from their energy use independently 

based on disaggregated or more detailed data 

provided that 1) estimates are provided to FEMP 

7

 Section 2(a) of E.O. 13423 states that “the head of 

each agency shall. . .improve energy efficiency and 

reduce greenhouse gas emissions of the agency, through 

reduction of energy intensity by 3 percent annually 

through the end of fiscal year 2015, or 30 percent by the 

end of fiscal year 2015, relative to the baseline of the 

agency's energy use in fiscal year 2003;”

8

 Under E.O. 13423, “greenhouse gases” means carbon 

dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, 

perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride; 

for inclusion in Federal Government totals, and 2) 

agencies provide a detailed description of their 

estimation methodology. 

In another change from prior GHG reporting, 

emissions will now be reported in metric tons of 

carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2E) rather than 

metric tons of carbon equivalent which does not 

consider the full molecular weight of the gases. 

Estimated GHG emissions from buildings 

excluded from the energy intensity reduction goals 

of section 102 of the EPACT 2005 amendments 

are not be included in the totals. 

Table 2 presents estimated GHG emissions from 

agency energy usage in absolute terms of 

MTCO2E. Compared to FY 2003, GHG emissions 

for Federal buildings subject to the section 102 of 

EPACT 2005 goal decreased 7.4 percent, from 

46.3 million MTCO2E to 42.8 MTCO2E in FY 

2006. Twenty-one agencies showed reductions in 

GHG emissions during the period in this 

estimation. 

Table 3 estimates GHG emission intensity by 

agency in terms of MTCO2E per million gross 

square foot of their EPACT 2005 amendments 

goal building space. The largest percentage 

decreases are seen at the agencies with large 

purchases of renewable energy. The National 

Archives and Records Administration, which 

showed an increase in GHG emissions of 33.1 

percent in absolute terms, shows an 8.1 percent 

decrease in terms of MTCO2E per million gross 

square foot. This metric takes into consideration 

the 44.8 percent increase in NARA’s square 

footage between FY 2003 and FY 2006. 

13 
 

TABLE 2
 

ESTIMATED EMISSIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE, METHANE AND NITROUS
 

OXIDE FROM GOAL BUILDING ENERGY USE, BY AGENCY
 

(In Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (MTCO2E)) 

FY FY FY FY % Change 

2003 2004 2005 2006 03 - 06 

DOD 26,397,645 27,278,995 26,182,954 25,217,938 -4.5% 

USPS 3,361,119 3,533,165 3,583,392 3,225,957 -4.0% 

VA 3,134,313 3,115,507 3,047,425 2,983,318 -4.8% 

DOE 3,674,342 3,297,052 3,095,791 2,926,123 -20.4% 

GSA 2,122,071 2,295,325 1,930,909 1,944,964 -8.3% 

DOJ 1,913,580 1,400,484 1,522,671 1,876,760 -1.9% 

HHS 1,144,047 951,970 1,053,913 911,548 -20.3% 

NASA 967,689 981,762 1,017,325 851,715 -12.0% 

DOI 642,512 619,012 579,554 554,278 -13.7% 

DHS 623,942 606,176 584,825 538,734 -13.7% 

USDA 682,035 537,925 575,381 506,744 -25.7% 

TRSY 351,927 338,672 332,160 300,065 -14.7% 

DOL 286,761 283,597 273,578 238,505 -16.8% 

DOC 254,330 269,571 209,455 191,120 -24.9% 

SSA 165,625 154,732 159,919 150,878 -8.9% 

TVA 123,394 121,864 118,038 113,883 -7.7% 

DOT 109,374 105,782 104,050 100,295 -8.3% 

ST 82,204 54,661 58,175 88,492 7.7% 

NARA 62,664 72,466 86,400 83,416 33.1% 

HUD 19,936 19,376 18,784 17,298 -13.2% 

EPA 94,678 28,142 18,381 7,480 -92.1% 

RRB 4,002 3,975 3,988 3,991 -0.3% 

Other 34,553 16,125 17,656 1,645 -95.2% 

Total 46,252,744 46,086,333 44,574,726 42,835,146 -7.4% 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

*Other includes the FCC, FTC, NRC, and OPM. 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.
 

Source: Calculated from energy consumption data from Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports, see Appendix B.
 

14 
 

TABLE 3
 

ESTIMATED EMISSIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE, METHANE AND NITROUS
 

OXIDE FROM GOAL BUILDING ENERGY USE, BY AGENCY
 

((Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalent per Million Gross Square Foot
 

(MTCO2E/Million GSF)) 

FY FY FY FY % Change 

2003 2004 2005 2006 03 - 06 

EPA 25,986.2 7,635.4 4,958.7 2,031.3 -92.2% 

DOC 25,319.0 25,485.3 19,847.2 18,139.4 -28.4% 

HHS 41,238.8 35,286.3 38,657.0 32,047.0 -22.3% 

DOI 11,105.1 9,974.0 9,272.8 8,751.7 -21.2% 

DHS 15,543.6 14,489.7 13,804.5 12,763.1 -17.9% 

DOJ 33,706.9 23,071.3 23,952.9 27,761.2 -17.6% 

TRSY 28,182.1 26,790.5 26,370.3 23,828.9 -15.4% 

USDA 11,261.0 9,970.0 9,619.8 9,577.8 -14.9% 

HUD 13,922.1 13,530.5 13,117.0 12,079.5 -13.2% 

DOE 37,346.0 34,990.4 33,822.1 32,778.5 -12.2% 

DOL 13,268.4 12,700.5 12,049.0 11,728.3 -11.6% 

NASA 30,500.8 28,597.0 29,478.5 27,018.2 -11.4% 

DOT 15,373.2 14,674.6 14,447.0 13,897.2 -9.6% 

SSA 17,882.2 16,706.7 17,266.7 16,290.0 -8.9% 

NARA 22,343.3 19,132.4 21,896.2 20,535.6 -8.1% 

ST 21,260.5 20,012.0 18,275.7 19,594.4 -7.8% 

GSA 11,512.3 11,710.3 9,899.5 10,843.4 -5.8% 

VA 22,177.8 20,395.1 18,957.9 20,969.2 -5.4% 

TVA 12,596.1 12,667.6 12,121.5 12,024.0 -4.5% 

DOD 13,446.4 13,031.3 12,396.7 13,359.5 -0.6% 

RRB 11,537.6 11,458.3 11,496.8 11,505.0 -0.3% 

USPS 9,519.1 10,092.3 9,940.5 9,722.2 2.1% 

Other 15,690.9 20,852.4 19,129.2 10,987.3 -30.0% 

Total 14,921.6 14,177.4 13,525.9 14,278.4 -4.3% 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

*Other includes the FCC, FTC, NRC, and OPM. 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.
 

Source: Calculated from energy consumption data from Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports, see Appendix B.
 

15 
D. Renewable Energy Use 

The Federal renewable energy goals in EPACT 

2005 begin in FY 2007 (42 U.S.C. 15852(a)(1)) 

and DOE’s guidance for implementing the goals 

was still being finalized in December of 2007. 

Therefore, this report tracks performance for FY 

2006 under the existing reporting structure that 

was used under Executive Order 13123. The goal 

under Executive Order 13123 called for the 

equivalent of 2.5 percent of electricity consumption in Federal buildings should come from new 

renewable energy sources by 2005. Although the 

goal is based on Federal electricity consumption, 

non-electric renewable energy use is also eligible 

to be counted toward progress in meeting the goal. 

FY 2006, being an interim year in terms of 

renewable energy goals, adopts the FY 2005 goal 

as the performance metric for FY 2006. 

As shown in Table 4, Federal agencies reported 

purchasing or producing 12,891.5 billion Btu of 

new renewable energy in FY 2006, equivalent to 

6.9 percent of the Federal Government’s 

electricity use. 

TABLE 4
 

FEDERAL AGENCY USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY AS A PERCENTAGE OF
 

FACILITY ELECTRICITY USE, FY 2006
 

Agency 

Self-Generated Renewable Energy 

Purchased 

Renewable 

Energy 

Total 

Renewable 

Energy 

Total 

Facility 

Electricity 

Use 

Renewable 

Energy vs. 

Electricity 

Use 

Electricity Biomass 

Natural Gas 

Thermal 

Energy Other 

Total SelfGenerated 

Renewable 

Energy 

MWH Million Btu Million Btu Million Btu Billion Btu Billion Btu Billion Btu Billion Btu Percentage 

EPA 115.8 0.0 8,262.4 0.0 8.7 554.1 562.7 458.7 122.68% 

DOC 57.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 348.1 348.3 1,065.3 32.69% 

DOI 4,060.2 0.0 17,728.0 326.6 31.9 298.5 330.4 2,265.3 14.59% 

DOD 321,108.1 25,378.2 2,616,364.9 150,711.7 3,888.1 5,743.2 9,631.3 101,652.1 9.47% 

NASA 205.4 0.0 196.0 0.0 0.9 370.2 371.1 5,407.9 6.86% 

USDA 1,546.6 0.0 200.0 0.0 5.5 88.4 93.9 1,979.0 4.74% 

GSA 543.7 0.0 1,430.0 0.0 3.3 442.1 445.4 9,895.0 4.50% 

DHS 229.0 0.0 1,666.8 0.0 2.4 85.2 87.6 2,325.3 3.77% 

TRSY 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44.9 44.9 1,323.7 3.39% 

VA 0.0 0.0 2,127.0 0.0 2.1 309.8 312.0 10,381.7 3.00% 

DOL 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26.5 26.5 897.1 2.96% 

DOE 116.2 0.0 112.6 14,671.6 15.2 471.0 486.2 16,722.8 2.91% 

TVA 3,630.0 0.0 0.0 37,030.4 49.4 4.0 53.4 1,894.9 2.82% 

HHS 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57.2 57.2 2,920.9 1.96% 

RRB 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 15.6 1.00% 

DOT 408.6 0.0 15,750.0 0.0 17.1 7.1 24.3 2,689.4 0.90% 

SSA 109.0 0.124 0.1 0.0 0.4 4.6 5.0 684.0 0.73% 

DOJ 115.5 0.0 9.0 0.0 0.4 6.8 7.2 6,128.1 0.12% 

USPS 1,168.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 4.0 16,779.9 0.02% 

STATE 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 384.2 0.00% 

Other 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 870.340 0.00% 

TOTAL 333,417.1 25,378.3 2,663,846.8 202,740.5 4,029.6 8,861.9 12,891.5 186,741.2 6.90% 

*Other includes the FCC, FTC, NRC, and OPM. 

1EPA’s renewable energy use is 122.68% of its electricity use due to its purchases and generation of non-electric renewable energy.
 

16 
 

 

Figure 5 illustrates that the consumption of 

renewable energy in FY 2006 is essentially 

unchanged from the previous year. However, this 

percentage can be expected to drop significantly in 

future year’s reporting under EPACT 2005 and 

Executive Order 13423’s narrower definitions of 

renewable energy and changes to the goal metric 

resulting from DOE’s pending guidance. Among 

the expected changes: 

•	 EPACT 2005’s language limiting the renewable energy goal to electricity only, 

•	 Executive Order 13423’s provision that at 

least half of the statutorily required renewable 

energy consumed by the agency in a fiscal 

year must come from new renewable sources 

developed after January 1, 1999. 

•	 Limits on use of short-term renewable energy 

certificates (RECs) from DOE’s pending 

guidance. 

Offsetting these limits is EPACT 2005’s provision 

for double credit for renewable energy produced 

and used on-site or on Native American lands. 

Purchases of renewable energy, including green 

power, renewable electricity credits, and landfill 

gas comprised 68.7 percent of Federal 

Government renewable energy use in FY 2006. 

Half of Federal agency purchases of renewable 

energy in FY 2006 were in the form of RECs. 

RECs represent the environmental attributes of 

renewable generation sold separately from the 

actual electricity delivered to the grid. 

Self-generated energy, including electricity, solar 

thermal applications, and geothermal heat pump 

installations, comprised 31.3 percent of renewable 

energy use. On-site electricity generation from 

photovoltaics, wind, and other renewable sources 

constitutes 8.8 percent the Government’s renewable energy total (including purchases). 

In FY 2006, 13 agencies obtained the equivalent 

of more than 2.5 percent of total electricity 

consumption from renewable sources. These 

agencies are EPA, (122.7 percent), DOC, (32.7 

percent), Interior, (14.6 percent), DOD, (9.5 percent), NASA, (6.9 percent), USDA, (4.7 percent), 

GSA, (4.5 percent), DHS, (3.8 percent), Treasury, 

(3.4 percent), VA, (3.0 percent), Labor, (3.0 percent), Energy, (2.9 percent), and TVA, (2.8 percent). HHS used renewable energy equivalent to 

2.0 percent of its electricity use and the Railroad 

Retirement Board (RRB) used 1.0 percent. Four 

agencies reported renewable energy use amounting to less than 1 percent of electricity use. 

Figure 5
 

Renewable Energy Use as a Percentage of Facility Electricity Use, FY 2000 to FY 2006
 Percentage of Facility Electricity Use 

8% 

7% 

6% 

5% 

4% 

3% 

2% 

1% 

0% 

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

Goal for 2005, 2006 

2.5% 

Goal for 2007- 2009 

3.0% 

Goal for 2010- 2012 

5.0% 

Goal for 2013 forward 

7.5% 

0.15% 0.26% 

0.53% 

1.60% 

2.78% 

6.93% 6.90% 

Green 

Power, 

Biomass 

Purchases 

REC 

Purchases 

On-Site Generation RE Purchases 

17 
E. Petroleum Reduction 

The strategic nature of petroleum-based fuel 

reduction has long been recognized by statutory 

and Executive Branch authorities. 

In FY 2006, petroleum-based fuels accounted for 

703,137.9 billion Btu (0.70 quads) of the total 1.1 

quads consumed by the Federal Government 

(Table 5). Of that, approximately 647,230.0 billion 

Btu (0.65 quads) were used by DOD primarily for 

jet fuel, navy special fuel oil, and distillate/diesel 

for vehicles and equipment energy. Only 0.03 

quads (32,583.8 billion Btu) of petroleum-based 

fuels were used for Federal non-excluded building 

energy. 

Section 205 of Executive Order 13123 had a 

requirement for agencies to reduce the use of 

petroleum within their buildings. 

Federal agencies have made significant progress in 

reducing their dependence on fuel oil and LPG/ 

propane in their buildings. Table 6 shows that Federal agencies reduced petroleum-based fuels by 

72.6 percent in FY 2006 compared to FY 1985, 

from 118.8 trillion Btu to 32.6 trillion Btu. Compared to FY 2003, use of these fuels fell by 24.3 

percent. Figure 6 illustrates this consumption for 

the previous 10 years and for FY 1985 and FY 

1990. 

Trillions of Btu 

Figure 6
 

Petroleum-Based Fuel Consumption in Federal EPACT 2005 Goal Buildings; 

1985, 1990, and 1995 through 2006 

140 

118.8 120 

100 94.1 

80 

56.6 57.4 60 

51.0 

45.7 43.9 42.1 42.3 43.0 40.0 38.0 40 35.3 32.6 

20 

0 

1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

Fiscal Year 

18 
TABLE 5
 

FEDERAL PETROLEUM USAGE IN FY 2006 

(in Thousands of Gallons, Billions of Btu, and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])
 

Unit Total BBTU* BBTU* BBTU* Petajoules* 

(K Gal) DOD Civilian Total Total 

EPACT Goal Buildings 

Fuel Oil 216,456.7 24,254.6 5,768.0 30,022.5 31.7 

LPG/Propane 26,819.8 1,292.0 1,269.3 2,561.3 2.7 

Excluded Facilities 

Fuel Oil 13,156.0 1,310.0 514.7 1,824.7 1.9 

LPG/Propane 412.7 19.0 20.4 39.4 0.0 

Vehicles & Equipment 

Motor Gas 382,230.8 17,336.2 30,442.6 47,778.8 50.4 

Dist-Diesel & Petrol. 551,182.5 68,019.5 8,429.5 76,449.0 80.7 

Aviation Gas 4,851.3 80.3 526.2 606.4 0.6 

Jet Fuel 3,404,724.3 436,275.5 6,338.6 442,614.2 466.9 

Navy Special Fuel Oil 714,702.8 97,715.3 1,413.9 99,129.3 104.6 

LPG/Propane 611.1 2.6 55.7 58.4 0.1 

Other 2,053.8 924.9 1,129.0 2,053.8 2.2 

Total 647,230.0 55,907.9 703,137.9 741.8

 *Uses a conversion factor of:

 95,500 BTUs/gallon for lpg/propane

 138,700 BTUs/gallon for fuel oil, distillate-diesel & petroleum, and navy special

 125,000 BTUs/gallon for motor gasoline and aviation gasoline

 130,000 BTUs/gallon for jet fuel

 947.9 Billion BTUs/Petajoule

 1,055 Petajoule/quad 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

Note: Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

19 
TABLE 6

PETROLEUM-BASED FUEL* CONSUMPTION IN GOAL BUILDINGS

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules 

FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY 

AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

DOD 101,385.4 77,517.0 46,340.5 32,748.8 39,297.4 33,794.7 33,160.3 29,756.0 27,393.5 25,546.6 

DOI 1,591.6 1,273.9 1,574.3 996.7 1,324.0 1,382.5 1,249.1 1,574.8 1,292.9 1,307.9 

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,400.3 1,223.1 1,279.3 1,187.4 

DOE 1,773.3 1,965.8 2,093.2 1,063.9 1,706.0 1,207.3 1,498.9 1,409.4 1,322.0 1,178.6 VA 2,176.7 2,219.3 1,292.9 1,045.4 3,040.5 1,206.2 1,659.6 1,114.7 911.5 931.2 

USPS 1,673.2 1,502.2 813.9 857.9 1,425.5 719.9 948.5 673.7 738.4 755.4 

HHS 2,096.5 2,282.0 1,152.5 751.4 897.0 636.6 892.8 477.4 612.9 501.9 USDA 900.6 732.7 426.7 226.0 327.6 422.4 1,011.2 586.2 809.6 397.6 

DOL 437.8 331.2 210.8 193.2 210.0 405.0 362.4 337.4 181.8 172.2 

DOJ 381.7 371.6 286.2 240.5 261.5 289.0 188.8 161.1 284.3 171.3 

NASA 652.6 896.4 360.9 206.1 265.2 229.0 220.8 308.6 219.6 170.5 

GSA 3,120.0 2,040.4 250.3 121.1 466.7 99.7 129.3 103.0 50.1 101.9 

TRSY 22.5 291.4 117.1 120.7 102.1 80.1 61.5 60.4 55.0 52.8 

DOC 157.2 77.6 354.8 77.7 56.6 33.7 122.7 42.8 69.2 42.6 

EPA 16.7 5.9 43.4 33.7 113.3 17.7 73.8 95.4 26.2 32.8 

SSA 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.2 37.7 50.9 44.0 40.6 31.5 30.4 DOT 2,380.4 1,524.1 912.2 815.0 928.2 1,014.2 3.8 3.4 2.3 1.5 

TVA 4.2 3.2 3.9 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.5 0.7 

NARA 0.0 0.0 7.1 7.4 82.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

BBG/IBB 0.0 1,055.2 375.6 472.7 472.7 660.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Other 21.1 13.3 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.3 

TOTAL 118,791.5 94,103.3 56,617.5 40,020.9 51,016.3 42,251.0 43,029.7 37,970.1 35,281.7 32,583.8 

*Petroleum-based fuels comprise fuel oil and LPG/propane. Other includes, for certain years, FCC, FEMA, FTC, NRC, OPM. Note: Ellipses after fiscal year (1985. . .) indicate where intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

20 
 

 

 

F. Primary Energy Use 

Section 206 of Executive Order 13123 directed the 

Federal Government to strive to reduce primary 

energy use as measured at the source of 

generation. Primary energy consumption considers 

all resources used to generate and transport 

electricity and steam in addition to the energy 

delivered to the site of use. The source conversion 

factors of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour for 

electricity and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam are 

used to estimate primary energy consumption. See 

Appendix B for conversion factors for calculating 

both primary and site-delivered energy consumption. 

Table 7 shows that primary energy use in Federal 

EPACT 2005 goal buildings declined 13.5 percent 

in FY 2006 compared to FY 1985, from 882.9 

trillion Btu to 763.9 trillion Btu. Compared to FY 

2003 consumption of 801.7 trillion Btu, FY 2006 

primary energy use declined 4.7 percent. Primary 

energy used in Federal buildings during FY 2006 

decreased 5.0 percent from the previous year. 

Table 8 shows Federal agency progress toward the 

EPACT 2005 amendments building goals in terms 

of primary energy use per gross square foot. 

Measured in terms of primary energy, the Federal 

Government shows a reduction of 5.5 percent in 

FY 2006 compared to FY 2003. The difference 

from the site-delivered Btu/GSF reduction of 6.4 

percent (as shown previously in Table 1) reflects 

declines in direct use of fossil fuels and the 

offsetting increases in the share of the fuel mix 

contributed by electricity. 

Without purchases of renewable energy in FY 

2006, estimated primary energy intensity is 1.5 

percent below the FY 2003 Btu/GSF baseline. 

G. Water Conservation 

Under Section 207 of Executive Order 13123, 

agencies were required to reduce water consumption and associated energy use in their buildings to 

reach the goals set under Section 503(f) of the 

Executive Order. These goals have been 

superseded by the new goal of Executive Order 

13423, which under Section 2 (c), requires 

agencies “beginning in FY 2008, reduce water 

consumption intensity, relative to the baseline of 

the agency’s water consumption in fiscal year 

2007, through life-cycle cost-effective measures 

by 2 percent annually through the end of fiscal 

year 2015 or 16 percent by the end of fiscal year 

2015.” 

The water conservation goals under the former 

Executive Order required agencies to implement 

life-cycle cost-effective water efficiency programs 

that include developing a comprehensive water 

management plan and at least four separate Water 

Efficiency Improvement Best Management 

Practices (BMPs), as defined in DOE guidance 

documents. The goal for FY 2006 called for program implementation in a least 30 percent of an 

agency’s buildings. 

In FY 2006, eight agencies reported that at least 30 

percent of their buildings have implemented 

comprehensive water management plans and four 

BMPs. These agencies are NRC, RRB, SSA, 

Treasury, EPA, HHS, DOD, and the State 

Department. 

Four agencies reported having implemented plans 

and BMPs in at least 20 percent of their buildings. 

These agencies are NASA, Energy, VA, and GSA. 

Of the remaining agencies, seven reported 

implementing water management plans and BMPs 

in at least some of their buildings, and six did not 

report on progress. 

During FY 2006, all reporting agencies combined 

consumed 165.4 billion gallons of water at a cost 

of $388.1 million. This was a decrease of 5.3 

percent from the previous year. Agencies use 

actual data where available or develop estimates 

where actual data are not available. 

21 
TABLE 7

PRIMARY ENERGY USE IN EPACT 2005 GOAL BUILDINGS 

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules 

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY % Change AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 85-06 USPS 40,143.9 47,824.8 57,606.8 66,217.4 62,202.1 62,145.5 60,810.9 63,678.4 64,656.4 58,483.6 45.7 

VA 42,864.1 44,400.3 47,474.3 49,633.7 52,031.5 52,217.8 54,990.9 54,694.9 55,320.2 54,275.7 26.6 

DOE 66,407.8 67,974.2 62,984.0 56,356.8 52,584.0 56,996.4 62,772.5 56,585.1 54,576.6 51,070.4 -23.1 

GSA 45,589.4 39,162.3 36,535.0 40,614.0 41,558.5 40,737.5 36,963.7 41,404.9 41,301.6 35,132.5 -22.9 

DOJ 9,048.5 9,512.4 14,011.8 20,975.6 21,300.2 21,209.2 33,924.4 24,556.5 26,693.2 33,270.5 267.7 

HHS 10,128.2 13,188.5 12,084.2 14,633.6 15,334.3 15,696.3 19,087.6 16,672.1 18,139.0 16,207.2 60.0 

NASA 17,379.0 20,954.2 21,138.1 19,625.0 19,363.4 19,018.2 17,483.5 17,741.2 18,840.6 16,031.6 -7.8 

DOI 8,542.8 7,616.8 7,770.1 8,202.1 9,685.2 9,690.9 11,166.6 11,428.7 10,675.2 10,681.3 25.0 

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,750.2 10,479.6 10,327.5 9,597.1 NA 

USDA 7,947.0 9,668.0 9,502.6 9,339.8 9,620.4 9,078.5 11,998.6 9,548.6 10,099.3 9,287.5 16.9 

TRSY 1,723.3 5,542.3 6,009.7 7,148.0 6,972.5 7,032.5 6,021.9 5,882.8 5,826.6 5,335.9 209.6 

DOC 3,075.3 3,283.3 4,906.6 3,963.2 4,893.2 4,400.1 4,511.8 4,804.5 4,759.8 4,602.6 49.7 

DOL 3,734.1 3,916.2 3,979.2 4,392.2 4,666.0 4,813.7 5,068.9 4,997.8 4,855.8 4,314.6 15.5 

SSA 0.0 0.0 0.0 3,070.2 3,001.2 2,889.9 2,993.2 2,785.5 2,904.3 2,739.5 NA 

EPA 1,644.1 1,643.0 2,165.1 1,959.9 2,297.0 2,089.6 2,339.6 2,467.7 2,475.8 2,398.0 45.9 

TVA 1,779.6 1,830.1 2,797.8 2,426.6 2,427.2 2,210.2 2,220.6 2,188.3 2,127.7 2,053.5 15.4 

DOT 8,746.5 7,217.0 8,472.5 8,810.5 8,849.0 9,326.2 1,979.3 1,969.9 1,881.9 1,817.5 -79.2 

ST 702.6 833.6 260.3 389.6 324.4 738.6 1,355.7 975.1 1,040.4 1,498.4 NA 

NARA 0.0 215.9 1,546.3 1,293.8 1,323.6 1,249.0 1,150.2 1,296.0 1,549.0 1,472.7 NA 

HUD 356.2 435.0 322.3 324.2 336.7 327.8 324.8 312.8 305.9 290.1 NA 

RRB 0.0 103.7 99.0 79.1 74.6 75.6 73.1 72.5 72.9 72.9 NA 

OTHER* 1,668.4 4,539.1 6,011.0 4,965.9 4,905.1 7,115.4 602.4 287.8 316.3 29.4 -98.2 

Civilian Agencies Subtotal 271,480.5 328,418.3 305,676.8 324,421.1 323,749.9 329,059.0 348,590.4 334,830.6 338,745.8 320,662.6 18.1 

DOD 611,431.9 663,669.2 556,998.4 492,646.7 482,168.3 480,472.1 453,270.0 471,709.4 465,121.1 443,264.5 -27.5 Total 882,912.4 992,087.5 862,675.2 817,067.8 805,918.2 809,531.1 801,860.5 806,540.0 803,866.9 763,927.1 -13.5 MBOE 151.6 170.3 148.1 140.3 138.4 139.0 137.7 138.5 138.0 131.1 

Petajoule 931.4 1046.6 910.1 862 850.2 854 845.9 850.9 848.1 805.9 

Other includes, for certain years, FCC, FEMA, FTC, NRC, and OPM. Notes: Renewable energy purchases have not been subtracted primary energy consumption in this table, making it comparable with Table A-3 which presents site-deThis table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam. Ellipses after fiscal year (1985. . .) indicate where intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

22 
 

 

 

TABLE 8
 

FEDERAL GOAL BUILDINGS PRIMARY ENERGY USE
 

PER GROSS SQUARE FOOT (BTU/GSF), FY 2003 AND FY 2006
 

FISCAL YEAR 2003 FISCAL YEAR 2006 %CHANGE 

GSF (Thou.) Billion Btu BTU/GSF GSF (Thou.) Billion Btu BTU/GSF 2003-2006 

USPS 353,090.5 60,810.9 172,225 331,812.9 58,483.6 176,255 2.3 

VA 141,326.3 54,990.9 389,106 142,271.4 53,199.6 373,931 -3.9 

DOE 98,386.6 62,772.5 638,019 89,269.5 49,452.0 553,963 -13.2 

GSA 184,330.4 36,963.7 200,530 179,368.6 33,597.0 187,307 -6.6 

DOJ 56,771.1 33,924.4 597,564 67,603.7 33,246.9 491,790 -17.7 

HHS 27,742.0 19,087.6 688,039 28,444.1 16,008.5 562,805 -18.2 

NASA 31,726.7 17,483.5 551,066 31,523.8 14,817.6 470,045 -14.7 

DOI 57,857.6 11,166.6 193,002 63,334.0 9,644.5 152,280 -21.1 

DHS 40,141.3 10,750.2 267,809 42,210.4 9,301.3 220,356 -17.7 

USDA 60,566.0 11,998.6 198,108 52,908.0 8,980.5 169,737 -14.3 

TRSY 12,487.6 6,021.9 482,232 12,592.5 5,179.9 411,344 -14.7 

DOC 10,045.0 4,511.8 449,159 10,536.2 3,393.8 322,105 -28.3 

DOL 21,612.3 5,068.9 234,538 20,335.8 4,222.5 207,639 -11.5 

SSA 9,262.0 2,993.2 323,174 9,262.0 2,723.5 294,047 -9.0 

EPA 3,643.4 2,339.6 642,157 3,682.6 473.7 128,637 -80.0 

TVA 9,796.2 2,220.6 226,680 9,471.3 2,039.6 215,349 -5.0 

DOT 7,114.6 1,979.3 278,197 7,216.9 1,792.7 248,403 -10.7 

ST 3,866.5 1,355.7 350,629 4,516.2 1,498.4 331,783 -5.4 

NARA 2,804.6 1,150.2 410,118 4,062.0 1,472.7 362,555 -11.6 

HUD 1,432.0 324.8 226,783 1,432.0 290.1 202,584 -10.7 

RRB 346.9 73.1 210,862 346.9 72.2 208,145 -1.3 

OTHER* 2,202.1 602.4 273,538 149.7 29.4 196,393 -28.2 

Civilian Agencies 

Subtotal 1,136,551.7 348,590.4 306,709 1,112,350.5 309,920.0 278,617 -9.2 

DOD 1,963,169.30 453,270.00 230,887 1,887,636.9 423,318.1 224,258 -2.9 

TOTAL 3,099,721.00 801,860.50 258,688 2,999,987.4 733,238.1 244,414 -5.5 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

*Other includes the FCC, FTC, NRC, and OPM. 

Italics indicates that reductions were made to FY 2006 energy use and Btu/GSF to reflect purchases of renewable energy. When calculating 

Btu/GSF, the following amounts were subtracted from agency energy use for FY 2006: VA, 1,076.1 BBtu; DOE, 1,618.4 BBtu; GSA, 1,535.5 

BBtu; DOJ, 23.6 BBtu; HHS, 198.7 BBtu; NASA, 1,214.0 BBtu; DOI, 1,036.8 BBtu; DHS, 295.8 BBtu; USDA, 307.0 BBtu; TRSY, 156.0 BBtu; 

DOC, 1,208.8 BBtu; DOL, 92.1 BBtu; SSA, 16.0 BBtu; EPA, 1,924.3 BBtu; TVA, 13.9 BBtu; DOT, 24.8 BBtu; and DOD, 19,946.4 BBtu. 

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam. 

 Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

23 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

H. Investments in Energy Efficiency 

During FY 2006, Federal agencies had three 

primary options for financing energy efficiency, 

water conservation, and renewable energy projects 

in buildings: direct appropriated funding, energy 

savings performance contracts (ESPCs), and utility 

energy service contracts (UESCs). Known funding 

from the three sources totaled approximately 

$665.9 million in FY 2006. Direct appropriations 

accounted for approximately $281.1 million. 

ESPC contract awards by agencies resulted in 

approximately $314.5 million in estimated project 

investment in FY 2006 ($164.4 million from DOE 

Super ESPC delivery orders and $150.1 million 

from other agency ESPCs), and approximately 

$70.4 million in project investment came from 

UESCs. 

Since 2003, the Government has invested approximately $2.2 billion in energy efficiency, $921.4 

million of which was direct agency expenditures, 

$902.4 million was from ESPCs and $338.9 

million was from UESCs. 

1. Direct Appropriations 

Section 545 of NECPA requires each agency, in 

support of the President’s annual budget request to 

Congress, to specifically set forth and identify 

funds requested for energy conservation measures. 

(42 U.S.C. 8255) Table 9-A presents agency 

funding (in nominal dollars) reported from FY 

1985 through FY 2006 for energy conservation 

retrofits and capital equipment. Table 9-B presents 

the same information in constant 2006 dollars. 

Reports from Federal agencies indicated that 

$281.1 million was spent on energy efficiency 

projects in FY 2006, compared with $300.2 

million in FY 2005, a 6.4 percent decrease in 

constant dollars. In some cases, the data provided 

by the agencies include funding from operation 

and maintenance accounts that was specifically 

identified as contributing to energy efficiency. 

The U.S. Postal Service reported $34.9 million in 

investment after five consecutive years with no 

reported funding. NASA reported an increase of 

21.6 percent from the previous year to $13.8 

million. The Interior Department increased its 

funding by a third to $10.5 million. 

DOD funded $158.8 million for energy efficiency 

projects in FY 2006, a decrease of 18.7 percent 

from the previous year. GSA spent $28.0 million 

compared to $36.4 million in FY 2005. VA 

reported funding $8.4 million in FY 2006 down 

from $19.3 million in FY 2005. 

2. Energy Savings Performance Contracts 

During FY 2006, 44 ESPC contracts or delivery 

orders were awarded at nine agencies. These include delivery orders awarded through the DOE/ 

FEMP Super ESPC programs as well as projects 

awarded by the DOD and the U.S. Postal Service. 

Project investment from these projects totaled 

approximately $314.5 million, providing the 

Federal Government with an opportunity to save 

more than 1.9 trillion Btu each year. Details of 

these contract awards are provided by agency in 

Table 10. 

Through a decentralized approach, DOD awarded 

the largest number of contracts/delivery orders 

with 19 ESPC projects in FY 2006. These 

contracts include many infrastructure upgrades 

and new equipment to help DOD installations 

reduce energy and water consumption. Examples 

include new thermal storage systems, chillers, 

boilers, lights, motors, energy management control 

systems (EMCS), and water reducing devices. 

Normally, cost savings are used to first pay the 

contractor, and then are used to offset other base 

operating support expenses. In some cases, 

however, installations decided to seek a shorter 

contract term and defer all Government cost 

savings until contract completion. In these cases, 

the savings generated by ESPCs help to reduce the 

energy consumption, but do not reduce the total 

cost of operation until the contracts expire. After 

contract expiration and the retrofits are paid in 

full, DOD will retain any future cost savings. 

During FY 2006, 22 delivery orders were awarded 

under DOE/FEMP Super ESPCs. Super ESPCs are 

broad area indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity 

(IDIQ) contracts that allow agencies to negotiate 

site-specific performance-based delivery orders 

with an energy service company (ESCO) under the 

umbrella contracts. Project investment totaled 

$164.4 million, providing annual savings of almost 

1.6 trillion Btu to the Government. 

24 
TABLE 9-A

AGENCY DIRECT EXPENDITURES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECTS, FY 1985 THRO

(THOUSANDS OF NOMINAL (AS-SPENT) DOLLARS) 

FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY 

AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 

DOD $136,100 $1,020 $189,600 $44,442 $57,113 $60,600 $103,490 $121,400 $188,961 

USPS $55,300 $4,000 $10,050 $6,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 

GSA $6,700 $11,125 $7,242 $17,000 $5,000 $4,500 $4,800 $5,000 $35,213 

NASA $11,800 $2,943 $20,666 $11,731 $6,045 $9,389 $8,501 $11,118 $10,950 

DOI $3,198 $0 $779 $23,999 $3,220 $22,800 $26,134 $5,740 $7,592 

VA $13,000 $11,200 $11,960 $0 $15,000 $898 $686 $2,000 $18,700 

DOC $0 $0 $0 $257 $257 $1,883 $621 $3,537 $3,405 

DOE $14,800 $19,500 $30,200 $0 $2,000 $1,400 $1,500 $1,963 $1,951 

TRSY $0 $1,134 $2,810 $2,152 $4,670 $8,678 $7,854 $8,662 $2,379 

EPA $0 $0 $1,720 $0 $1,963 $1,684 $2,439 $3,458 $3,790 

DHS $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,700 $1,740 $2,714 

DOT $13,650 $0 $3,793 $2,664 $4,321 $2,085 $1,243 $978 $2,318 

HHS $0 $427 $1,271 $8,440 $8,640 $1,771 $3,700 $2,934 $7,363 

USDA $2,500 $1,547 $2,894 $1,954 $2,100 $3,818 $2,000 $2,958 $2,655 

DOJ $0 $6,100 $994 $1,170 $489 $968 $223 $1,300 $651 

NARA $0 $0 $0 $0 $9 $68 $140 $100 $295 

DOL $238 $17 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $448 

SSA $0 $0 $0 $1,000 $1,000 $500 $175 $500 $885 

TVA $0 $0 $4,277 $284 $300 $365 $400 $336 $278 

STATE $0 $0 $0 $0 $260 $4 $847 $70 $0 

HUD $0 $0 $43 $0 $55 $22 $68 $8 $0 

RRB $0 $0 $33 $0 $35 $10 $15 $15 $15 

CIA $0 $0 $0 $0 $18,600 $0 $2,770 $0 $0 

NRC $0 $0 $0 $0 $226 $0 $0 $0 $0 

PCC $1,274 $361 $14 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total $258,560 $59,374 $288,346 $121,093 $131,302 $121,442 $169,306 $173,815 $290,563 

Notes: Does not include energy savings performance contracts, utility energy service contracts, and utility demand side management incentives. Ellipses after fiscal y

intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

25 
TABLE 9-B

AGENCY DIRECT EXPENDITURES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECTS, FY 1985 THRO

(THOUSANDS OF CONSTANT 2006 DOLLARS) 

FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY 

AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 

DOD $256,792 $1,637 $269,318 $51,677 $65,950 $68,864 $114,734 $129,424 $195,207 

USPS $104,340 $6,421 $14,276 $6,977 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 

GSA $12,642 $17,857 $10,287 $19,767 $5,774 $5,114 $5,322 $5,330 $36,377 

NASA $22,264 $4,724 $29,355 $13,641 $6,980 $10,669 $9,425 $11,852 $11,312 

DOI $6,034 $0 $1,107 $27,906 $3,718 $25,909 $28,974 $6,120 $7,843 

VA $24,528 $17,978 $16,989 $0 $17,321 $1,020 $761 $2,132 $19,318 

DOC $0 $0 $0 $299 $297 $2,140 $688 $3,771 $3,518 

DOE $27,925 $31,300 $42,898 $0 $2,309 $1,591 $1,663 $2,093 $2,015 

TRSY $0 $1,820 $3,991 $2,502 $5,393 $9,861 $8,707 $9,234 $2,458 

EPA $0 $0 $2,443 $0 $2,267 $1,914 $2,704 $3,686 $3,915 

DHS $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,885 $1,855 $2,804 

DOT $25,755 $0 $5,388 $3,098 $4,990 $2,369 $1,377 $1,043 $2,395 

HHS $0 $685 $1,805 $9,814 $9,977 $2,012 $4,102 $3,128 $7,606 

USDA $4,717 $2,483 $4,111 $2,272 $2,425 $4,339 $2,217 $3,153 $2,743 

DOJ $0 $9,791 $1,412 $1,360 $565 $1,099 $247 $1,386 $673 

NARA $0 $0 $0 $0 $10 $77 $155 $107 $305 

DOL $449 $27 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $463 

SSA $0 $0 $0 $1,163 $1,155 $568 $194 $533 $914 

TVA $0 $0 $6,075 $331 $346 $415 $443 $358 $287 

STATE $0 $0 $0 $0 $300 $4 $939 $75 $0 

HUD $0 $0 $61 $0 $63 $25 $75 $8 $0 

RRB $0 $0 $47 $0 $40 $11 $17 $16 $15 

CIA $0 $0 $0 $0 $21,478 $0 $3,071 $0 $0 

NRC $0 $0 $0 $0 $261 $0 $0 $0 $0 

PCC $2,404 $579 $20 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total $487,849 $95,303 $409,582 $140,806 $151,619 $138,002 $187,701 $185,304 $300,168 

Notes: Does not include energy savings performance contracts, utility energy service contracts, and utility demand side management incentives. Ellipses after fiscal y

intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports. 

26 
 

TABLE 10
 

ENERGY SAVINGS PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS, DELIVERY ORDERS, AND 

CONTRACT MODIFICATIONS AWARDED BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN FY 2006
 

Agency 

Number of 

Delivery 

Orders/ 

Modifications/ 

Contracts 

Project 

Investment 

(Thou. $) 

Total 

Guaranteed 

Cost Savings 

(Thou. $) 

Payment to 

Contractor 

(Thou. $) 

Net Savings 

to 

Government 

(Thou. $) 

Annual Energy 

Savings (MMBtu) 

DOD 19 $232,278 $588,856 $586,494 $2,362 1,325,806 

USPS 17 $18,135 $22,205 $22,205 $0 96,074 

DOE 2 $28,427 $69,467 $69,163 $304 283,132 

Archives 1 $5,180 $7,824 $7,367 $457 58,924 

GSA 1 $2,290 $4,415 $4,409 $6 10,579 

HHS 1 $3,682 $5,973 $5,698 $275 24,058 

Interior 1 $1,552 $3,696 $3,541 $156 10,241 

Justice 1 $20,983 $43,519 $43,405 $114 80,412 

SSA 1 $1,960 $3,300 $3,300 $0 13,671 

Total 44 $314,486 $749,255 $745,583 $3,672 1,902,897 

3. Utility Energy Service Contracts 

In FY 2006, Federal agencies awarded 25 UESCs 

as shown in Table 11. Financed investment in the 

projects totaled approximately $61.8 million. The 

estimated annual energy savings from the 25 

projects is 446.6 billion Btu. Of the 25 UESCs 

awarded in FY 2006, 17 were implemented by the 

DOD. 

Projects were undertaken by agencies to 

accomplish a wide variety of energy efficiency 

improvements. Contracts were put in place to 

perform infrastructure upgrades and purchase new 

equipment to help installations reduce energy and 

water consumption. Examples of equipment 

purchased with UESCs include: HVAC and steam 

system upgrades, chillers, boilers, lights, motors, 

EMCS systems and water reducing devices. 

TABLE 11
 

UTILITY ENERGY SERVICE CONTRACTS AND DELIVERY ORDERS AWARDED 

BY FEDERAL AGENCIES IN FY 2006
 

Agency 

Number of 

Delivery Orders/ 

Contracts 

Total Capital Cost 

(Thou. $) 

Financed 

Investment 

(Thou. $) 

Appropriations 

(Thou. $) 

Annual Energy 

Savings 

(MMBtu) 

Defense 17 $68,384.7 $60,211.1 $8,173.6 424,245.6 

DOE 5 $527.2 $90.2 $437.0 5,949.0 

HHS 2 $741.4 $741.4 $0.0 1,817.0 

Commerce 1 $733.9 $733.9 $0.0 14,539.0 

Total 25 $70,387 $61,777 $8,611 446,551 

27 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

III. INTERAGENCY EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
 

A. Federal Coordination 

Federal Interagency Energy Policy Committee 

The members of the Federal Interagency Energy 

Policy Committee met on February 25, 2005 

during a meeting of Federal Senior Energy and 

Environmental Officials to review Federal agency 

progress in implementing energy, transportation, 

and environmental Executive Orders. Executive 

Order progress reports on government-wide 

implementation were presented for energy, 

transportation, and environmental requirements. 

Representatives from DOD, Interior, and NASA 

also gave presentations highlighting their 

accomplishments toward the requirements, and 

recent progress within agencies was also 

discussed. For most agencies, the Senior Energy 

Official is also their Federal Interagency Energy 

Policy Committee member. 

Federal Interagency Energy Management 

Task Force 

In FY 2006, meetings of the Federal Interagency 

Energy Management Task Force were held on 

October 2, 2005; February 8, 2006; May 17, 2006; 

July 19, 2006; and September 20, 2006. The 

memoranda of record from these meetings are 

posted at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/ 

about/fiemtf.html. Issues highlighted in these 

meetings included the following: 

•	 Agency energy management programs, budgets, challenges, opportunities, and activities 

to meet reduction and renewable energy goals 

for FY 2006. 

•	 Distribution and discussion of issues relating 

to FY 2006 energy reporting requirements. 

•	 Guidance for completing annual reports and 

scorecards. 

•	 Discussion of the pending new Executive 

Order. 

•	 Discussion of the White House Summit on 

Federal Sustainable Buildings. 

•	 The importance of the work and growth of the 

energy savings performance program. 

•	 The progress of the Energy Savings Expert 

Team Initiative, formed in response to 

hurricane Katrina and natural gas distribution 

and price fluctuations in 2005. 

•	 EPACT 2005 and its provisions affecting 

federal energy management, including 

discussion of metering provisions, exclusion 

provisions, new renewable energy provisions, 

energy efficiency procurement, new energy 

management goals, and the new Federal 

building standard. 

•	 Federal Energy and Water Management 

Awards and the Presidential Awards for 

Leadership in Federal Energy Management 

event status and successes. 

•	 FEMP’s technical assistance programs, workshops, and conferences related to Federal 

energy management. 

B. Training 

Many agencies have their own internal training 

and recognition programs. Overall, Federal 

agencies reported spending $2.4 million to train 

4,876 Federal personnel in energy efficiency, 

renewable energy, and water conservation subjects. During FY 2006, FEMP conducted training 

workshops and symposia for approximately 3,000 

attendees in the efficient use and conservation of 

energy, water, and renewable energy in Federal 

buildings. FEMP workshops conducted during FY 

2006 included the following: 

•	 Advanced ESPC/Financing, 

•	 Advanced Facility Energy Decision System 

(FEDS), 

•	 BestPractices Steam Systems Tool Suite 

Webcast, 

28 
 

 

•	 Building Design Strategies Course, 

•	 CHP for Federal Facilities Workshop, 

•	 Design Strategies for Low-Energy, Sustainable, Secure Buildings, 

•	 Energy 2006 Conference, 

•	 Energy Management Telecourse: 1; Utility 

Energy Services Contracting, 

•	 Energy Management Telecourse: 2; Energy 

Efficient Procurement; Life-Cycle Costing, 

•	 Energy Management Telecourse: 3; Water 

Resource Management; Operations and Maintenance, 

•	 Energy Star Workshop (Energy Conference 

2006), 

•	 Evolving Energy Markets, 

•	 FEMP Lights Lighting and Health Workshop, 

•	 FEMP Lights On Line Course, 

•	 Implementing Renewable Energy Projects, 

•	 Introduction to Distributed Energy, 

•	 Introduction to ESPC, 

•	 Labs 21 Advanced Course – Laboratory Ventilation Design, 

•	 Labs 21 High Performance, Low Energy 

Laboratory Design, 

•	 Operations and Maintenance Management, 

•	 Project Facilitator Meeting, 

•	 Super ESPC Regional Webcast, 

•	 Utility Energy Services Contracting (UESC), 

and 

•	 Water Resource Management 

“Energy 2006” the energy efficiency workshop 

and exposition sponsored by FEMP, and cosponsored by the Department of Veterans Affairs 

and GSA, was held August 6-9, 2006 in Chicago, 

Illinois. The conference provided participants with 

opportunities to explore such topics as increasing 

renewable energy use, conserving water, and the 

use of alternative financing. The conference had 

panel discussions and an exhibit hall featuring 

advanced energy efficiency products and services. 

More than 1,400 were in attendance and more than 

90 companies exhibited at the event. 

C. Awards and Recognition 

Outstanding accomplishments in energy efficiency 

and water conservation in the Federal sector were 

recognized with the presentation of the 2006 

Federal Energy and Water Management Awards 

on October 5, 2006 in Washington, D.C. Awards 

were selected from outstanding Federal energy 

managers who have demonstrated: 

•	 leadership and exemplary efforts in energy 

and water management; 

•	 use of renewable and distributed energy resources; 

•	 practices that improve energy security; 

•	 increased efficiency of mobile equipment; and 

•	 any other area that may merit recognition. 

Recipients of the 2006 awards were selected from 

77 nominees submitted by 15 Federal agencies. 

There were 17 awardees representing 11 different 

Federal agencies. Distribution of awards among 

the Federal agencies for accomplishments in the 

previous fiscal year is indicated in Table 12. 

The Presidential Awards for Leadership in Federal 

Energy Management recognize highly successful 

efforts, leadership, and support in promoting and 

improving Federal energy management. These 

awards were held in 2006 at the Eisenhower 

Executive Office Building in Washington, DC. 

Five organizations, three from DOD, one from 

SSA, and one from USPS received this prestigious 

award. These organizations included 49 federal 

employees and contractors and were responsible 

for efforts that resulted in estimated annual 

savings of more than $12 million and 417 billion 

Btu. 

29 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE 12
 

2006 FEDERAL ENERGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT AWARDS
 

BY GROUP AND TYPE
 

Agency Individual Small 

Group 

Organization Total Energy 

Efficiency 

Renewable 

Energy 

Water 

Conservation 

Energy 

Security 

Exceptional 

Service 

Army 1 1 1 

DOI 1 1 1 

DOJ 1 1 1 

GSA 2 2 2 

HHS 1 1 1 

Navy 1 3 4 2 1 1 

SSA 1 1 1 

USAF 3 3 2 1 

USMC 1 1 1 

USPS 1 1 1 

VA 1 1 1 

TOTAL 4 12 1 17 7 6 1 1 2 

D. Public Education Programs 

The DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and 

Renewable Energy (EERE) Information Center 

provides basic, technical, and financial information on various energy efficiency and renewable 

energy technologies and programs. The EERE 

Information Center telephone number is 877-337-

3463. The EERE Information Center has two 

operations—the Message Center and the Mail 

Center. The Message Center is the location where 

the calls are answered, and emails and letters are 

received. The Mail Center ships the products 

requested from the orders received from the 

Message Center. 

EERE has a website (www.eere.energy.gov) and 

offers free subscriptions to the EERE Network 

News e-mail newsletter. In the past 11 years, the 

number of visitors to the EERE website has 

increased from 12,000 in FY 1996 to 540,000 in 

FY 2006. EERE Network News showed steady 

subscribers growth throughout the year. Since last 

year, the number of subscribers has increased by 

2,600. The national attention to energy efficiency 

and renewable energy issues contributed to this 

impressive growth. In FY 2006, the site’s 

subscriber base grew 29 percent—the largest 

increase in one year. 

The Energy Information Administration's National 

Energy Information Center (NEIC) responds to 

public and private sector questions on energy 

production, consumption, prices, resource availability, and projections of supply and demand. 

NEIC provides information to Federal employees 

and the public at www.eia.doe.gov. Electronic 

inquiries may be sent to infoctr@eia.doe.gov. 

During FY 2006, NEIC staff responded to 31,974 

inquiries. The EIA web site recorded 22.2 million 

user sessions during FY 2006. (EIA Web site 

usage is projected to exceed 26 million unique 

user sessions in FY 2007.) 

The Office of Scientific and Technical Information 

(OSTI), as part of the Office of Science, provides 

leadership and coordination for the DOE-wide 

Scientific and Technical Information Program 

(STIP). In this capacity, OSTI assures access by 

DOE, the scientific research community, academia, U.S. industry, and the public to DOE 

research results in support of the DOE mission. 

Key collections developed and maintained by 

OSTI on behalf of DOE include Energy Citations 

Database (ECD), the DOE Information Bridge, the 

E-print Network, Research and Development 

(R&D) Project Summaries, and EnergyFiles. In 

FY 2006, there were approximately 44 million 

30 
 

 

 

 

 

transactions by individuals accessing OSTI 

resources—doubling access in the past two years. 

The DOE public information mechanisms include 

several direct service programs designed to 

provide technical assistance to specific target 

groups. Two of these programs are the State 

Energy Program (SEP) and the Industrial Assessment Center Activity. 

SEP provides funding to states to carry out their 

own energy efficiency and renewable energy 

programs. SEP funding enables state energy 

offices to design and implement programs 

according to the needs of their economies, the 

potential of their natural resources, and the participation of local industries. States use grants to 

address their energy priorities and program 

funding to adopt emerging renewable energy and 

energy efficiency technologies. Funding from SEP 

goes to state energy offices in all states and U.S. 

territories. SEP projects are managed by state 

energy offices, not by DOE directly. There are 

three sources of funding for DOE’s SEP: DOE 

grants, SEP Special Projects, and Petroleum 

Violation Escrow (PVE) Funds. 

The SEP provides grants based on a yearly 

appropriation by Congress and a formula that 

takes into account population and energy 

consumption in each state. The second source of 

funding is from technology programs in DOE’s 

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable 

Energy for deployment projects in the states. 

EERE awards this funding annually to state energy 

offices through a competitive solicitation for SEP 

Special Projects. Since the competition for these 

funds is keen, many states join forces with private 

sector partners and contribute their own funds 

toward these projects. State energy offices can use 

PVE funds for SEP projects if they appear in the 

SEP plan that the states file yearly with DOE. 

These funds proceed from court settlements for 

overcharges by oil companies in the 1970s and 

1980s. The last distribution of PVE funds was in 

the late 1980s, and a final distribution of funding 

from these escrow accounts was made in 2005. 

The SEP plays a role when the state energy office 

is involved in the project, the State Energy 

Program provides funding, or the state uses 

petroleum violation escrow funds for part of the 

project and it is in the states SEP plan. The results 

from the State Energy Program reflect the work of 

state energy offices. The outcome is an innovative 

deployment of new energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies across the geographic 

panorama of the United States and its territories. 

Additional information is on their website: 

www.eere.energy.gov/state_energy_program. 

The Industrial Assessment Centers (IACs), sponsored by EERE's Industrial Technologies Program, 

provide no-cost energy, waste, and productivity 

assessments to help eligible small and mid-sized 

manufacturers identify measures to maximize 

energy-efficiency, reduce waste, and improve productivity. Additionally, the IACs serve as a 

training ground for the next-generation of energy 

savvy engineers. The assessments are conducted 

by local teams of engineering faculty and students 

from 26 participating universities across the 

country. Additional information is on the website: 

www.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/ 

iacs.html. 

31 
 

 

 

IV. FEDERAL AGENCY ENERGY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
 

A. Department of Agriculture 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, USDA reported using 80,111 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

9.8 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

88,776 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. USDA received 

credit for purchases of 88.4 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

81,782 Btu/GSF to 80,111 Btu/GSF. Without the 

credit for renewable energy purchases, USDA’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 7.9 percent. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, USDA has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 60.7 

percent, from 1,011.2 billion Btu to 397.6 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. The large decrease in petroleum 

from FY 2003 to FY 2006 are partially a result of 

the actions undertaken by the department and its 

agencies in response to the President’s 

Memorandum (dated September 26, 2005) on 

Energy and Fuel Conservation. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, USDA reported using 93.9 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 4.7 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 5.5 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 88.4 billion Btu was purchased. In FY 2006, 

USDA issued a Departmental Regulation on 

Facilities Energy that required agencies to comply 

with the renewable energy requirements of 

EPACT 2005. USDA agencies strived to select 

products, materials, and systems that maximize the 

use of renewable energy. Appropriate consideration was given to incorporating solar and other 

renewable technologies when life-cycle costeffective. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

Within USDA, the U.S. Forest Service (FS) 

continued to install photovoltaic systems at remote 

sites, and used passive solar design strategies, to 

the greatest extent possible, in new facility design 

and construction. Since 1990, FS has installed 

over 500 photovoltaic units mainly at remote sites 

formerly served by fossil-fueled generators. Below 

are just two examples of the many USDA self 

generated renewable energy projects: 

•	 In the Rocky Mountain Region of the Forest 

Service, eight 90-watt photovoltaic panels and 

one 75-watt photovoltaic panel were installed 

at Trappers Lake to provide power for a 

remote water distribution system that serves 

60 campsites. The campground is open from 

mid-June through the end of September. The 

panels provide power to operate a 400-watt 

well pump and a 19-watt chlorinator pump. 

Estimated annual energy generated is 155 

kilowatthours per year. 

•	 The Beltsville Agricultural Research Center 

(BARC), which is part of Agricultural 

Research Service (ARS), has installed approximately 74 generators operated by B-20 (Biodiesel fuel) in its facilities. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

In FY 2006, USDA’s Office of Procurement and 

Property Management purchased 25,300 megawatthours of Renewable Energy Certificates 

(RECs) for the Department at-large. The purchase, 

which was facilitated by the Defense Energy 

Support Center, includes RECs generated from 

biomass and wind power. 

The Forest Service, through an Inter-Agency 

Agreement between its Rocky Mountain Regional 

Office and the Western Area Power Administration and the Rocky Mountain Regional Office, 

purchased 550 megawatthours of renewable 

energy of which 50 percent is biomass. It is 

estimated that this power is approximately 5 

percent of the Region’s electrical power consumption. 

An ARS location in Athens, Georgia purchased 20 

percent biodiesel for running generators and the 

duel fuel boilers for steam production. Also, the 

Gainesville, Florida location purchased 60 

megawatthours of “Green” Energy from Gainesville Regional Utilities. 

32 
 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, USDA invested $1.0 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

1.3 percent of its total facility energy costs. During 

FY 2006 USDA did not finance any projects with 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy savings contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, USDA reported using 2,108.5 million 

gallons of water at a cost of $7.9 million. USDA 

agencies made progress in implementing the water 

conservation goals of Executive Order 13123. 

Overall, 27 USDA facilities implemented or 

continued to implement Water Management Plans 

(WMPs); while 20 facilities implemented WMPs 

and had at least four water conservation Best 

Management Practices during FY 2006. The 

Agricultural Research Service reported implementation of a wide variety of new and ongoing 

water conserving methods and practices. For 

instance, in the North Atlantic Area, low flush 

toilets were installed within buildings and work 

sites. Additionally, within the Forest Service, the 

Regions reported implementing many water 

conservation measures during FY 2006. For 

example, the Rocky Mountain Region installed 

water meters as part of new construction projects. 

In the Forest Service’s Intermountain Region, 

numerous well, water and septic systems were 

repaired or upgraded to eliminate leaks. 

Training 

In FY 2006, USDA reported training 165 energy 

managers at a cost of $23,100. USDA personnel 

participated in training opportunities throughout 

FY 2006 from a variety of sources, including 

energy management-related sessions offered by 

FEMP and other educational organizations. 

Specifically, USDA’s Facilities Energy Program 

Manager received a Business Energy Professional 

certification from the Association of Energy 

Engineers. Additionally, staff from USDA’s 

Energy and Environment Division (E&ED), along 

with agency representatives participated in 

FEMP’s Energy 2006 Conference in Chicago, 

Illinois. Furthermore, E&ED disseminated hundreds of copies of various energy awareness and 

educational materials to agency facility and energy 

managers, and directed them to the Division’s 

Facilities Energy website. Within the Agricultural 

Research Service, relevant energy management 

training and materials was also provided to the 

workforce. FS conducted and participated in 

various training and education programs, including 

a Sustainable Operations Summit. The summit 

included presentations and discussions on 

reducing energy and water consumption, as well as 

developing sustainable leadership. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Charles D. Johnson 

Energy and Water Program Manager 

Energy and Environment Division 

Office of Procurement and Property Management 

U.S. Department of Agriculture 

1400 Independence Avenue, SW 

Washington, DC 20250 

Phone: 202-720-2941 

Fax: 202-720-8972 

Email: charles.d.johnson@usda.gov 

33 
 

 

 

 

 

B. Department of Commerce 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOC reported using 154,329 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

21.2 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

195,966 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOC received 

credit for purchases of 348.1 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

187,364 Btu/GSF to 154,329 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, DOC’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 4.4 percent. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006, DOC reported using 20.5 billion Btu 

in its excluded buildings, 1.0 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. DOC’s excluded 

buildings occupy approximately 26,000 square 

feet, 0.2 percent of the agency’s total facility 

space. These facilities, categorized as Assumed 

Excluded Structures, are primarily radar and radio 

transmitter facilities. In addition, the National 

Institute of Science and Technology’s (NIST’s) 

Advanced Measurement Laboratory complex was 

excluded from the baseline because it was still 

under construction during FY 2003. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, DOC has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 65.3 

percent, from 122.7 billion Btu to 42.6 billion Btu 

in FY 2006. Although the Department has been 

very successful in reducing the use of petroleumbased fuels, most Department facilities only use 

petroleum-based fuels, such as diesel, for their 

emergency generators and some facilities use oil 

as a back-up fuel for their natural gas fired boilers. 

While DOC cannot control the use of oil in central 

plants, the agency can continue to reduce 

consumption in other applications. The National 

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s 

(NOAA’s) National Weather Service (NWS) has 

begun installing fuel cells instead of diesel generators at some of its sites and plans to continue 

using state-of-the-art technologies wherever 

feasible. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, DOC reported using 348.3 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 32.7 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 0.2 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 348.1 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

Small-scale projects that self-generate energy 

using renewable sources or renewable energy 

thermal projects are used to supplement commercial power. NOAA continues to operate a 10-

kilowatt photovoltaic unit in American Samoa and 

a 10-kilowatt photovoltaic system in San Diego, 

CA. NIST continues to operate its 35-kilowatt 

photovoltaic array of the roof of the Administration Building at its Gaithersburg, Maryland, 

facility. NIST’s Boulder, Colorado campus also 

has solar-powered lighting for its Building 2 

parking lot. In 2006, NOAA’s and NIST’s systems 

produced a total of 20.2 megawatthours and 36.7 

megawatthours of electricity, respectively. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

NIST and NOAA continue to purchase windgenerated renewable power to supply a portion of 

the electrical needs at their Boulder, Colorado 

facilities. In FY 2006, NIST and NOAA consumed 

882 megawatthours and 1,129 megawatthours of 

purchased renewable energy, respectively. 

In addition, the Department purchased 100,000 

megawatthours of renewable energy certificates to 

ensure the Department met the energy reduction 

and renewable energy purchasing goals for FY 

2006. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, DOC invested $5.7 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 11.9 

percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, almost $5 million was funded directly by the 

agency and $733,900 was a result of utility energy 

service contracts. DOC did not finance any 

projects with energy savings performance 

contracts during FY 2006. 

In FY 2006, DOC awarded one UESC for 

$733,900 in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 14.5 billion Btu annually. NOAA 

has been investigating ESPCs and UESCs where 

available. The Office of the Secretary completed a 

34 
 

 

UESC lighting project for the Hoover Building, 

which DOC operates and maintains for GSA. 

Water Consumption 

In FY 2006, DOC reported using 33.9 million 

gallons of water at a cost of $1.7 million. To date, 

the Department has completed three Water 

Management Plans (WMPs). These plans have 

been developed with the assistance of DOE’s 

National Energy Renewable Laboratory. DOC has 

four additional facilities that require WMPs, three 

of which are currently under development. In 

addition, operating units are incorporating FEMP 

Best Management Practices (BMP) for efficient 

use of water. These practices include raising water 

conservation awareness, installing low-flow 

devices and sensors, planting indigenous plants, 

and recycling water. For example, during 2007, 

NIST will install low-flow aerators on all sinks 

and showers at its Boulder, Colorado facility. To 

date they have implemented three BMPs; with this 

additional BMP completed they will have met 

Federal requirements for successful water 

management program at the facility. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOC reported training 25 energy 

managers at a cost of $32,000. The Agency 

Energy Team promotes energy-related training 

opportunities for facility energy management 

personnel. Annually, employees attend the Federal 

government-sponsored energy training workshop. 

Operating units make energy awareness a key part 

of their energy programs, using materials provided 

through the FEMP You Have the Power program 

as well as with supplemental materials. Annually, 

the Department implements energy conservation 

awareness campaigns in conjunction with Energy 

Awareness Month and Earth Day. The campaigns 

included displays, informational materials and 

posters in the Herbert C. Hoover Building (Hoover 

Building). Other DOC sites around the country 

conduct similar campaigns. 

Energy Management Contact 

Ms. Regina Larrabee 

Energy Conservation Officer 

Office of Real Estate Policy 

U.S. Department of Commerce 

14th and Constitution Avenue, NW, Room 1036 

Washington, DC 20230 

Phone: 202-482-2345 

Fax: 202-482-1969 

E-mail: rlarrabee@doc.gov 

35 
 

 

C. Department of Defense 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOD reported using 107,208 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

5.6 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

113,510 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOD received 

credits for purchases of 5,743.2 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006 and for project 

source energy savings of 2,445.7 billion Btu, 

reducing the performance measure of these 

buildings from 111,546 Btu/GSF to 107,208 

Btu/GSF. Without these credits, DOD’s reduction 

from FY 2003 is 1.7 percent. 

DOD’s rate of energy intensity exceeds the 98,201 

Btu/GSF reported in 2005. This is attributable to 

the change in facility category accounting from 

2005 to 2006 and was also influenced by increased 

troop mobilization and training, activities supporting the Global War on Terrorism, and response to 

natural disasters. 

Excluded Buildings 

In FY 2006 the DOD reported using 12.8 trillion 

Btu in its excluded buildings, 5.7 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. DOD’s excluded buildings occupy 69.5 million square feet, 3.5 percent 

of the agency’s total facility space. The Department of the Navy excludes mission critical, 

concentrated energy use transmitters, simulators, 

cold iron support to ships, and some private party 

facilities as authorized by the DOE criteria 

guidelines. The Air Force has identified several 

excluded buildings. Numerous Military Family 

Housing (MFH) facilities are being privatized with 

the utility systems belonging to the housing 

contractor and the contractor paying for the costs 

of the utilities therefore excluded from the energy 

goals. Several communication/test lab facilities are 

also being excluded due to energy intensive loads 

driven by mission and operational requirements 

and not influenced by conventional building 

energy conservation measures. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, DOD has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 23.0 

percent, from 33.2 trillion Btu to 25.5 trillion Btu 

in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, DOD reported using 9,631.3 billion 

Btu of renewable energy, equivalent to 9.5 percent 

of its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 3,888.1 billion Btu was selfgenerated and 5,743.2 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

DOD has integrated photovoltaic power systems, 

solar water heating systems, and transpired solar 

collectors (solar walls) into its facilities. Active 

solar heating applications have included maintenance facility solar walls, swimming pool heating, 

and hot water heating. A few examples of DOD’s 

on-site generation projects using renewable energy 

are described below. 

As technologies have become more cost-effective, 

the Army has used self-generating technologies 

using solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass, and 

continues to make significant progress in 

promoting the use of these and other renewable 

technologies at its installations. The Army has 

generated an estimated 674 billion Btu of 

electrical power from renewable resources during 

FY 2006, including the following: 

•	 Fort Stewart, GA generated high-pressure 

steam using wood chips at the central energy 

plant, using approximately 167 billion Btu 

(39,901 short tons) of wood chips. 

•	 Fort Huachuca, AZ generated 487 million Btu 

of energy from photovoltaic, solar and wind 

generation in FY 2006. 

•	 Rock Island Arsenal, IL generated approximately 70.3 billion Btu of electricity from its 

hydroelectric plant in FY 2006. 

•	 Red River Army Depot, TX used 49.0 billion 

Btu of renewable energy through burning 

wood scrap. 

•	 Geothermal conversion of barracks at Fort 

Knox, KY resulted in savings of 16.8 billion 

Btu savings per year while the geothermal test 

wells at Hawthorne Army Depot, CA, will 

facilitate development of future geothermal 

facility systems. 

The Navy generated 308,431 megawatthours of 

renewable electricity and 1.8 trillion Btu of 

36 
 

 

 

 

renewable thermal energy in FY 2006. The Navy 

is also increasing generation of renewable energy, 

operating the largest wind/ diesel hybrid plant in 

the world and the two largest Federal photovoltaic 

systems in the United States. 

Examples of self-generating renewable energy 

projects at the Air Force include: 

•	 Luke AFB, AZ installed a 375 kW PV system. 

•	 Nellis AFB, NV awarded a contract on July 

31, 2006 to build the world’s largest PV array 

in the world. The array will be a minimum of 

15 MW and provide approximately one third 

of the base’s power needs. 

•	 Dyess AFB, TX awarded an ESPC contract to 

construct a 5.5 megawatt waste-to-energy 

plant. 

•	 Hill AFB, UT generated about 7,100 megawatthours of electricity from landfill gas. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

DOD continued to purchase energy from 

renewable sources. In FY 2006, DOD purchased 

1,213,782 megawatthours and 1.6 trillion Btu of 

renewable energy. 

During FY 2006, the Army purchased 1.2 trillion 

Btu of renewable thermal energy and purchased 

130 megawatthours of electricity from renewable 

sources. 

The Navy purchased 133,657 megawatthours of 

renewable electricity and 364.0 billion Btu of 

renewable thermal energy at the Norfolk Naval 

Shipyard, Portsmouth, VA. The installation 

purchases electricity and steam from a privatized 

waste-to-energy plant. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, DOD invested $459.5 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

13.1 percent of its total facility energy costs. Of 

this total, $158.8 million was funded directly by 

the agency, $232.3 million was financed through 

energy savings performance contracting, and 

$68.4 million was a result of utility energy service 

contracts. 

In FY 2006, DOD awarded 19 ESPCs for $232.3 

million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 1.3 trillion Btu annually. In FY 

2006, the Army awarded two ESPC contracts, one 

at Fort Stewart, GA and another at Fort Hood, TX, 

with first year investments totaling $17.9 million 

and combined estimated annual savings of 110.5 

billion Btu. The Navy awarded five ESPCs in FY 

2006. The Air Force awarded 11 new ESPCs in 

FY 2006. These task orders include energy infrastructure upgrades and new equipment to help the 

installations reduce energy and water consumption 

and produce renewable energy. Examples include 

new waste to steam generation, chillers, boilers, 

lights, motors, EMCS systems and water reducing 

devices. Additionally, Washington Headquarters 

Service established an ESPC partnership with 

Honeywell in FY 2006. The Pentagon will 

facilitate energy audits with its ESPC partner to 

identify energy saving strategies. 

DOD awarded 17 UESCs in FY 2006 expected to 

save 424.2 billion annually. In FY 2006, the Army 

awarded nine UESCs, (seven at Fort Knox, one at 

Fort Campbell and one at Fort Rucker) with utility 

company investment of approximately $29.6 

million. Most of the anticipated $42.6 million in 

cost savings will be returned to the utility 

company to pay for the efficiency measures. 

Additionally, the Air Force awarded three new 

UESC task orders in FY 2006 and the Navy 

awarded five. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, DOD reported using 114.1 billion 

gallons of water at a cost of $217.6 million. In 

2006, DOD had established Water Management 

Plans and implemented at least four Best Management Practices in 324 of the existing agency 

inventory of 769 facilities. DOD is striving to 

increase water conservation awareness and reduce 

water use—particularly where tight water supplies 

may potentially impact mission accomplishment 

and personnel morale. The Air Force, for example, 

consumed 36.0 billion gallons of water in FY 

2006. This is a reduction of 5.6 percent from last 

year’s consumption. Naval Base Coronado, CA, 

illustrates just one example of many water 

conservation practices implemented by DOD. 

Naval Base Coronado purchased 300 1.75 gallonper-minute (GPM) showerheads using energy 

award funds. In partnership with Combined 

Bachelor Housing (CBH), enlisted CBH personnel 

37 
installed 100 showerheads at no cost in FY 2006; 

another 146 are slated for early FY 2007 

installation. Each showerhead installed will save 

0.75 GPM; 100 installed in FY 2006 will result in 

annual water/wastewater cost savings of $85,800. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOD reported training 3,200 energy 

managers at a cost of $1.6 million. The Army 

Energy Campaign Plan, for example, emphasizes 

certification of all of its energy managers at 

installations. The Army uses commercial energy 

management training resources such as the 

Association of Energy Engineers (AEE) to meet 

the requirements of Executive Order 13123, 

EPACT 2005 and the Campaign Plan. During the 

week of June 12, 2006, the Office of the Army 

Chief of Staff for Installation Management 

(ACSIM) sponsored Certified Energy Manager 

(CEM) training for Army Energy Managers, 

which was conducted by AEE and included four 

days of intense instruction culminating with a four 

hour examination. Of the 30 Army energy 

managers participating in the training, 17 passed 

the examination and are now nationally recognized 

professionals, who can be dedicated full-time to 

implement effective Army energy and water 

management and conservation programs. ACSIM 

sponsors and funds this CEM training every year. 

In FY 2006, 206 Department of Navy personnel 

received training in areas specified under EPACT. 

These personnel consist of: energy managers, 

energy conservation officers, maintenance 

mechanics, planners, equipment mechanics, 

facilities supervisors, accountants, administrative 

officers, project managers, architects, 

environmental engineers, electrical engineers, 

division directors, controls mechanics, civil 

engineers, budget analysts, boiler plant personnel, 

resident officers in charge of contracting, zone 

managers, and utility engineers. This brings total 

Navy personnel receiving training to 2,359 since 

the program began. 

Energy Management Contact 

Dr. Get Moy, P.E. 

Director, Installations, Req and Mgmt 

Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense 

(Installations and Environment) 

Department of Defense 

3400 Defense Pentagon, Room 5C646 

Washington, DC 20301-3400 

Phone: 703-697-6195 

Fax: 703-693-2659 

E-mail: get.moy@osd.mil 

38 
 

 

 

 

 

D. Department of Energy 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOE reported using 235,908 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

9.7 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

261,340 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOE received 

credit for purchases of 466.0 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

241,128 Btu/GSF to 235,908 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, DOE’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 7.7 percent. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006, DOE reported using 10.0 trillion Btu 

in its excluded buildings, 31.8 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. DOE’s excluded 

buildings occupy 20.7 million square feet, 18.8 

percent of the agency’s total facility space. Most 

of DOE’s buildings that are excluded from the 

goals of the EPACT 2005 amendments are currently reported under the metered process category 

and have been scaled back operationally to prepare 

for decontamination and decommissioning. Many 

of these facilities were energy intensive process 

operations where traditional energy conservation 

measures would not significantly effect the energy 

consumption that be reported for these facilities. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, DOE has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 21.4 

percent, from 15.0 trillion Btu to 11.8 trillion Btu 

in FY 2006. Due to the introduction of natural gas 

at Brookhaven National Laboratory’s central 

steam facility and the conversion of boilers to 

dual-fuel-firing capability, BNL has reduced its 

use of oil by 26 percent from FY 2005. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, DOE reported using 440.2 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 2.9 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 15.2 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 471.0 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self-Generated Renewable Energy 

Examples of DOE’s self-generating renewable 

energy projects in FY 2006 include the following: 

•	 The Idaho National Laboratory Records 

Storage Facility includes a solar wall that 

provides heat, resulting in approximately 

$1,250 per year in avoided electric energy 

costs for space conditioning. 

•	 Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has 

several photovoltaic (PV) panels at approximately 10 remote sites. The panels range 

from 5 to 6 watts in capacity to up to 55 watts 

where 6 to 8 panels are grouped together. The 

panels are used to recharge batteries that 

power remote data-gathering equipment. 

•	 The National Wind Technology Center 

(NWTC) has approximately 1,600 kilowatts of 

installed wind turbine capacity used for 

research purposes. When the turbines are 

running, the energy produced is used to offset 

simultaneous NWTC site energy use. The 

turbines produced over 45,800 kilowatthours 

in FY 2006. The total self-generated electricity 

at NREL was 112,300 kilowatthours. 

•	 DOE Headquarters installed 7 kilowatt PV 

arrays and solar water collectors at the Germantown, Maryland, and Forrestal building 

child development centers. Headquarters also 

installed PV arrays at Earth Day Park and on 

the south side of Forrestal’s South Building. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

In signing up to the TVA (Tennessee Valley 

Authority) Green Power Switch program for 675 

megawatthours per year, ORNL became TVA’s 

first industrial green power participant. The TVA 

program includes 18 wind turbines with the 

capability to generate a total of 29 megawatts atop 

Buffalo Mountain in the Southeast’s first 

commercial-scale use of wind power to generate 

electricity. Also, the TVA program includes 

several solar collectors, including those at the 

ORNL PV distributed energy resources showcase 

project. Additional sites and a landfill gas-toenergy facility are planned in the near future. 

In FY 2006, the Oak Ridge Institute for Science 

and Education (ORISE) purchased 150 blocks (76 

kilowatthours) of renewable energy through the 

TVA Green Power Switch Program. At least 3 

percent of the ORISE electricity consumed in FY 

2007 will be produced by green power sources. 

39 
 

 

 

DOE Headquarters purchased 35,892.8 megawatthours of renewable electricity for the Germantown 

campus and Forrestal building. 

During FY 2006, the Strategic Petroleum Reserve 

purchased 1,596 megawatthours of renewable 

energy certificates. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency 

In FY 2006, DOE invested $33.3 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 8.9 

percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, $4.4 million was funded directly by the 

agency, $28.4 million was financed through 

ESPCs, and $527,200 was a result of UESCs. 

In FY 2006, DOE awarded two ESPCs for $28.4 

million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 283.1 billion Btu annually. The 

first, awarded in December 2005 is for $19.5 

million in energy efficiency improvements at the 

Pantex Plant in Panhandle, Texas. The 19-year 

contract will be paid for over time with $55.2 

million in guaranteed cost savings. The projects 

include improvements to lighting systems, chilled 

water and steam piping systems, HVAC systems, 

and the installation of an energy management 

control system. 

The second ESPC was awarded in September 

2006 is for $8.9 million in energy efficiency 

improvements at Argonne National Laboratory in 

Argonne, Illinois. The 10 year contract will be 

paid for over time with $14.2 million in guaranteed cost savings. The projects include improvements to the building envelope; lighting systems; 

chilled water and steam piping systems; HVAC, 

chiller, and boiler systems; and installation of 

efficient motors and drives and an energy 

management control system. 

Five projects were undertaken during FY 2006 at 

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory under a 

UESC arrangement with the Bonneville Power 

Administration. PNNL invested $437,000 in the 

projects with BPA providing financing of $90,000 

to realize improvements worth more than 

$527,000 and saving almost 6 billion Btu 

annually. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, DOE reported using almost 5.5 billion 

gallons of water at a cost of $14.7 million. DOE 

recognizes the potential to save money and natural 

resources through water conservation. Furthermore, DOE encourages its field offices and sites to 

include water management plans within their 

facility management plans. The National Energy 

Technology Laboratory is just one example and is 

in the initial stages of developing a formal water 

management program. Additionally, on-site 

research activities associated with NETL’s 

mission, where applicable, are annually reviewed 

for water conservation. NETL’s Technology 

Support Facility, located in Morgantown, West 

Virginia, is currently under construction. When 

finished, the facility will use roof-collected 

rainwater to provide flush water for all urinal and 

commodes associated with the building. 

Additionally, at Lawrence Livermore National 

Laboratory, all new construction must comply 

with California Title-24 requirements that specify 

water saving plumbing fixtures. LLNL has 

implemented a waterless urinal pilot program that 

has been implemented with funding assistance 

from DOE FEMP. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOE reported training 110 energy 

managers at a cost of $139,100. The following 

DOE organizations have training programs in 

place, or take advantage of training and education 

opportunities as they arise: Hanford, Fermilab, 

SRS, INL, Naval Petroleum Reserve and Rocky 

Mountain Oilfield Testing Center (NPR/RMOTC), 

Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), 

BNL, NREL, Savannah River Site, TJNAF, 

NETL, ORNL and PNNL. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Cyrus Nasseri 

Federal Energy Management Program 

U.S. Department of Energy 

1000 Independence Avenue, SW 

Washington, DC 20585 

Phone: 202-586-9138 

Fax: 202-586-4617 

E-mail: cyrus.nasseri@ee.doe.gov 

40 
 

 

 

 

E. Department of Health and 

Human Services 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, HHS reported using 265,150 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

23.1 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

344,842 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. HHS received 

credits for purchases of 57.2 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006 and for project 

source energy savings of 1.3 trillion Btu reducing 

the performance measure of these buildings from 

313,246 Btu/GSF to 265,150 Btu/GSF. Without 

these credits, the HHS reduction from FY 2003 is 

9.2 percent. 

The reduced consumption is primarily due to the 

23-megawatt cogeneration plant at the National 

Institutes of Health’s Bethesda Campus. 

In addition, in FY 2006, the Centers for Disease 

Control experienced an 18.9 percent decrease in 

consumption from FY 2005 due to several 

buildings being only partially occupied during the 

year because they were under construction or 

major renovation. A dramatic increase should be 

expected next year to reflect fully occupied 

conditions and the construction of new laboratories which have a larger emphasis on safety that 

demands more ventilation than older laboratories 

that are being replaced. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006 the HHS reported using 32.8 billion 

Btu in its excluded buildings, 0.4 percent of the 

Agency’s total facility use. The HHS excluded 

buildings occupy almost 2.0 million square feet, 

6.5 percent of the Agency’s total facility space. 

NIH has outdoor multilevel parking garages on the 

NIH Bethesda Campus that consume lighting 

energy only. In addition, NIH has three buildings 

where energy usage is skewed significantly due to 

the buildings entering or leaving the inventory 

during the year, buildings are down-scaled 

operationally to prepare for decontamination, 

decommissioning and disposal, and the buildings 

are undergoing major renovation. 

These facilities are not metered separately. 

Therefore, the energy consumption of the parking 

garages has been estimated based on the number 

of lighting fixtures and the time of use. Total 

energy use is estimated at 7.7 billion Btu or 8,685 

Btu/GSF. The energy consumption of the 

essentially empty buildings has been estimated 

based upon the number of lights still in operation 

and the minimal use of natural gas for heat. 

The PSC Parklawn Building has a large computer 

data center that is metered separately and has been 

excluded for the first time this year. Only the 

computer center’s energy and square footage has 

been excluded; the rest of the Parklawn Builidng is 

still subject to the reduction goal. The computer 

center consumes 6.3 million kilowatthours, or 33 

percent of the building’s entire electrical load, 

while only occupying 0.6 percent of the space. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, HHS has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 43.8 

percent, from 892.8 billion Btu to 501.9 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. From FY 2005 to FY 2006, 

petroleum decreased by 18.1 percent primarily due 

to a decrease in fuel oil usage at the NIH Bethesda 

Campus. The decrease is explained by the 

increased use of the cogeneration unit and a 

reduction in the number of times that the natural 

gas was interrupted thereby requiring the use of 

fuel oil. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, HHS reported using 57.2 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to almost 2.0 

percent of its facility electricity use. The HHS 

Energy Program promotes and encourages renewable energy practices through seminar topics, 

newsletters, and direct communication. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

A solar energy feasibility study was completed at 

the FDA Muirkirk Campus facility in Beltsville, 

Maryland. The study identified projects that are 

estimated to reduce energy costs by more than 

$87,000 per year from solar air heating. 

Specifically, the projects include the installation of 

21 solar roofing panels and siding systems or 

ground mounted solar heating for 17 out buildings 

41 
 

 

 

and four emergency generators. The study was 

forwarded to GSA for review since the majority of 

work involved a facility which is GSA-owned. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

In FY 2006, many HHS facilities entered into 

competitive contracts for the procurement of 

electricity with a green component or purchased 

renewable energy certificates (RECs). FDA purchased renewable energy from the Defense Energy 

Support Center. FDA purchased 6,175 megawatthours of RECs from a biomass source. This 

represents 8.2 percent of FDA electricity 

consumption. 

The Indian Health Service Albuquerque Area’s 

major utility provider implemented an alternative 

wind energy program. The Albuquerque Indian 

Hospital and Santa Fe Indian Hospital, the area’s 

highest electricity users, have increased their 

purchase of alternative wind energy to 10 percent 

of their monthly usage. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency 

In FY 2006, HHS invested $6.5 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 4.3 

percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, $2.1 million was funded directly by the 

agency, $3.7 million was financed through energy 

savings performance contracting, and $741,400 

was a result of utility energy service contracts. 

In FY 2006, HHS awarded one ESPC for $3.7 

million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 24.1 billion Btu annually for the 

NIH in Bethesda, MD. This is the second ESPC 

task order awarded for this site. Also in FY 2006, 

design and construction continued under the ESPC 

project at the FDA White Oak Campus. 

HHS also awarded two UESCs at NIH facilities in 

FY 2006 for $741,400 in energy efficiency improvements, expected to save 1.8 billion Btu 

annually. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, HHS reported using 1.5 billion 

gallons of water at a cost of $8.9 million. Several 

HHS operating divisions refined water management plans in accordance with EO 13123 and 45 

percent of HHS facilities have implemented best 

practices in water conservation. In FY 2006, the 

Indian Health Service updated its water management plan and is in the process of finalizing it with 

each Area. The IHS Tucson Area facilities, along 

with many other IHS Areas, are replacing outdated 

toilets, faucets, shower head and other devices 

with water saving products. 

Training 

In FY 2006, HHS reported training 116 energy 

managers at a cost of $49,700. The HHS Energy 

Program sponsored the following energy courses: 

•	 Facility Energy Metering Course in conjuncttion with DOE FEMP, 

•	 Energy Summit that included sustainability 

training, 

•	 Employee Energy Conservation Workshops 

(residential information), 

•	 General Energy Management Training for 

NIH, CDC, and IHS , and 

•	 Formulation of on-line employee energy 

efficiency course 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Scott Waldman 

HHS Energy Officer 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 

OS/ASAM/OGAM/ORP 

Room 709D, HHH Building 

200 Independence Avenue, SW 

Washington, DC 20201 

Phone: 202-619-0719 

Fax: 202-619-2692 

E-mail: scott.waldman@hhs.gov 

42 
 

 

 

 

F. Department of Homeland 

Security 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DHS reported using 94,935 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

19.7 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

118,271 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DHS received 

credit for purchases of 85.2 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these facilities from 

96,952 Btu/GSF to 94,935 Btu/GSF. Without the 

credit for renewable energy purchases, DHS’ 

reduction from FY 2003 is 18.0 percent. The 

reduction has been attributable to a variety of 

efforts including the cumulative effect of long 

term measures conducted by the U.S. Coast Guard 

(USCG) through both ESPCs and numerous 

energy efficiency projects, better energy accounting and tracking, and the hiring of savings-funded 

Resource Efficiency Managers. 

Excluded Buildings 

In FY 2006, DHS reported using 103.4 billion Btu 

in its excluded buildings, 2.5 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. The DHS excluded 

buildings occupy 671.5 thousand square feet, 1.6 

percent of the agency’s total facility space. The 

United States Secret Service excluded its John J. 

Rowley Computer Security building due to its 

energy-intensive computer operations in use 24 

hours a day, 7 days a week. 

The Customs Border Protection (CBP) has intense 

lighting and remote video surveillance systems 

along the border. CBP currently tracks electricity 

consumption and cost data for those sites and 

systems that are separately metered. However, 

some are not separately metered from the 

facilities. The CBP continues to work on developing a complete inventory of buildings that 

qualify for exclusion, but has not completed this in 

time for the current report. 

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) 

has determined, under the Department of Energy’s 

Criteria for Excluding Buildings from the Energy 

Performance Requirements, that both TSA Headquarters and the Transportation Security 

Operations Center (TSOC) should be excluded 

energy goals. Headquarters is assumed excluded 

as “leased space where the Government may pay 

for some energy but not all.” The Headquarters 

lease designates that the owners of the building 

will pay an allotted price for energy each month. 

Whenever TSA exceeds that allotment in energy 

use, it will pay the excess. 

TSOC is excluded as “impracticable” due to its 

“performance of a national security function” 

TSOC operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week 

under high security. Because of its high security 

functions, “conventional measures are rendered 

meaningless by an overwhelming proportion of 

process-dedicated energy.” 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, DHS has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 15.2 

percent, from 1.4 trillion Btu to 1.2 trillion. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, DHS reported using 87.6 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 3.8 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 2.4 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 85.2 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

The Coast Guard continually evaluates renewable 

energy projects for economic viability. Several 

ESPC projects are under development containing 

renewable energy sub-components. In FY 2006, 

the following self-generating renewable energy 

projects were in operation: 

Solar Water Heating 

•	 62 housing units in Honolulu, Hawaii 

•	 149 homes in Puerto Rico Air Station 

•	 Indoor swimming pool in Alameda, CA 

•	 San Francisco Air Station 

Photovoltaics 

•	 Roof panels in Petaluma, CA 

•	 Mobile PV system for charging battery for 

emergency generator in Puerto Rico 

•	 Lighted aids to navigation: 4,779 solar panel/ 

battery powered light-bouys; 11,620 solar 

panel/battery powered lighted-fixed aids to 

navigation 

43 
Other 

•	 Bio-diesel project for marine applications at 

USCG Academy in Connecticut 

The Secret Service is reviewing solar opportunities 

as part of a proposed UESC. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

DHS purchased 24,900 megawatthours of 

Renewable Energy Certificates for FY 2006 

through the Defense Energy Support Center 

(DESC). This represents almost 3.8 percent of 

total DHS annual electricity use. In addition, the 

USCG facilities in New York City are included as 

part of an electric utility contract awarded in FY 

2004 and continuing through FY 2010. Part of the 

award package included a requirement for the 

equivalent of 10 percent of the total load (60 

megawatthours per year) to be purchased from 

renewable sources. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, DHS invested $ 2.8 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 3.3 

percent of its total facility energy costs. During FY 

2006, DHS did not finance any projects through 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, DHS reported using 4.9 billion 

gallons of water at a cost of $6.7 million. By far 

the largest user was the USCG, which during FY 

2006 formalized water management plans at four 

major campuses which comprise 17 percent of the 

total building footprint of the USCG. 

The Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) 

has reduced its water consumption by 20 percent 

from FY 2006, as a result of an aggressive steam 

system maintenance program, water conservation 

awareness, and procedural changes with respect to 

how the animal pens are maintained and washed. 

The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center 

(FLETC) has had 259 water meters installed to 

accurately measure water usage. This will help in 

developing basic information against which to 

benchmark water consumption. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DHS reported training 51 energy 

managers at a cost of $101,000. Information 

regarding energy training and education is 

distributed through DHS energy websites and 

email. A master energy stakeholder email list 

provides a mechanism for outreach activities that 

includes disseminating information from the Federal Energy Management Program and Environmental Protection Agency regarding ENERGY 

STAR and other energy-related topics. 

Additionally, DHS employees participated in the 

“Energy 2006” workshop and conference and the 

FY 2006 Department of Homeland Security 

Administrative Services Forum. Coast Guard 

representatives chaired the Energy session, and 

presentations were made by USCG and United 

States Secret Service, and included DHS participants from around the country. 

Energy conservation and outreach and awareness 

were conducted at both TSA Headquarters and the 

TSOC facility in October 2006 as part of Energy 

Awareness Month. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Steven White, CEM 

Energy Program Manager 

U.S. Department of Homeland Security 

Management Directorate, CAO, OSEP (3636-9) 

7th and D Streets, SW 3636-9 

Washington, DC 20528 

Phone: 202-447-5065 

Fax: 202-447-5780 

E-mail: steven.white1@dhs.gov 

44 
 

 

 

 

 

 

G. Department of Housing and 

Urban Development 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, HUD reported using 66,690 Btu per 

gross square foot in its Washington, DC, headquarters building, the sole building subject to the 

EPACT 2005 amendments goal. This is a 15.4 

percent decrease in energy intensity from 78,817 

Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. HUD did not receive 

any credits for purchases of renewable energy in 

FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, HUD did not report any renewable 

energy use. The HUD Headquarters Building 

currently has no self-generated renewable energy 

capacity. However, HUD plans to explore 

possibilities for these types of energy initiatives in 

the near future. As the HUD Headquarters 

Building is under delegation of authority from 

GSA, all steam and electricity is purchased 

through GSA. HUD will investigate the possibility 

of obtaining renewable source energy through 

GSA. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, HUD invested $26,000 in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 0.9 

percent of its total facility energy costs. During FY 

2006, HUD did not finance any projects with 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, HUD reported using 12.4 million 

gallons of water at a cost of $69,000. Water-saving 

flush valves were installed on many of the 

restroom plumbing fixtures in the building. 

Training 

In FY 2006, four HUD employees were trained on 

the operation of the building’s energy management 

control system. In addition, five contract 

maintenance personnel received training. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Larry Pierce 

Chief, Building Maintenance and Energy Branch 

Office of Administrative & Management Services 

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban 

Development 

451 7th Street, SW 

Room 5174 

Washington, DC 20410 

Phone: 202-708-0530 Ext. 7312 

Fax: 202-401-1360 

E-Mail: Larry_Pierce@hud.gov 

45 
H. Department of the Interior 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOI reported using 74,775 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

15.1 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

88,063 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOI received 

credit for purchases of 298.5 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

79,488 Btu/GSF to 74,775 Btu/GSF. Without the 

credit for renewable energy purchases, DOI’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 9.7 percent. 

Interior’s FY 2003 baseline was reviewed and 

revised to 88,063 Btu/GSF. This revision from 

previous reporting was the result of more accurate 

data collections, correction of errors and omissions 

in reporting energy consumption and building 

gross square footage. Continuous improvements at 

Interior bureaus to facilities and asset management 

systems have provided more accurate, detailed 

facility data. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, DOI has increased petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 4.7 

percent, from 1,249.1 billion Btu to 1,307.9 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, DOI reported using 330.4 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 14.6 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 31.9 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 298.5 billion Btu was purchased. In FY 2006, 

the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) issued 

instruction memoranda on “Solar Energy Development Policy” and “Biomass Utilization Strategy” 

establishing policy for solar energy development 

and biomass utilization projects on public lands 

administered by BLM. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

Interior has implemented 867 on-site renewable 

energy projects since 1990, including standalone 

and grid-connected photovoltaic systems, solar 

thermal (hot water) projects, geothermal (ground 

source) heat pumps, and wind related projects. 

During FY 2006, Interior bureaus inventoried their 

respective on-site renewable components. Initial 

results identified numerous renewable energy 

components that were not previously accounted 

for. 

Listed below are some of the numerous renewable 

energy projects implemented or studied in FY 

2006: 

The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) completed the 

construction of Enemy Swim Day School in 

Waubay, South Dakota which is heated and cooled 

with a geothermal system. BIA is currently 

installing photovoltaic systems at Alamo Navajo 

School in Magdalena, New Mexico and Jemez 

Day School in Jemez Pueblo, New Mexico that 

will serve as educational tools for the children as 

well as contribute towards renewable energy 

goals. The Circle of Nations-Wahpeton Indian 

Boarding School in Wahpeton, North Dakota is 

scheduled to replace the dormitory and 

administration building in FY 2007 which will 

incorporate a campus-wide geothermal heating 

project. 

Some of the most notable BLM renewable energy 

systems that went on line in FY 2006 include: 

•	 a ground-source heat pump system (16 tons 

total) for Pompey’s Pillar Visitor Center, near 

Billings, Montana, for the building’s heating, 

ventilating, and air conditioning requirements; 

•	 an on-site 20 kilowatt renewable wind turbine 

in addition to numerous green building 

approaches, including optimal day-lighting, 

and exemplary energy performance at the 

Rawlins Field Office in Wyoming, and 

•	 a 1.5 kilowatt photovoltaic system installed 

during the rehabilitation of the ClevelandLloyd Visitor Center and Quarry Building in 

Cleveland, Utah, to provide seasonal, off-grid 

power for lighting, cooling and other loads. 

The Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) completed the 

installation of three 30 gallon solar water heaters 

at Lake Berryessa Dormitory, California to back 

up the existing electric water heaters. A 10-

kilowatt photovoltaic system was constructed at 

Glendale, Arizona. Generated electricity is 

returned to Salt River Project grid. 

Most notably, the National Park Service (NPS) 

46 
 

Pacific West Region generates 2.25 percent of its 

electrical power from renewable energy sources. 

Pacific West Region’s Seattle office is 100 percent 

green powered, Joshua Tree National Park 

produces 65 percent of its power with solar and 

Whitman Mission NHS is producing 100 percent 

of its power with solar. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, DOI invested almost $12 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

12.6 percent of its total facility energy costs. Of 

this total, $10.4 million was funded directly by the 

agency and $1.6 million was financed through 

energy savings performance contracting. DOI did 

not finance any projects with utility energy service 

contracts during FY 2006. 

In FY 2006, DOI awarded one ESPC for $1.6 

million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 10.2 billion Btu annually. BLM 

began using ESPCs in FY 2006. Previously, 

ESPCs have not been used by land management 

agencies because their facilities are relatively 

small, typically use less than $100,000 annually of 

natural gas and electricity, and are scattered in 

remote areas of the country. To attract Energy 

Service Companies (ESCOs) and gain the 

numerous environmental and economic benefits, 

BLM presented a unique partnership to four DOE 

ESPC contractors. Upon successful completion of 

a pilot ESPC at National Interagency Fire Center 

and the BLM’s Boise District Complex, all 

remaining BLM facilities would be split into two 

groups to be awarded in two subsequent phases. 

The pilot and packaging of assets into two 

contracts interested one of the four ESCOs, 

Johnson Controls, Inc. (JCI). From the start, BLM, 

JCI, and the DOE worked together to streamline 

the planning process associated with the use of an 

ESPC. The traditional 12 to 14 months from award 

of the ESPC to installation of energy conservation 

measures was reduced to six months for the pilot. 

NIFC and the Boise District received $1.6 million 

dollars of engineering and energy conservation 

measures which include three new high efficiency 

boilers and control systems, light and ballast 

retrofits, with guaranteed annual savings of 

$117,000. In addition, JCI applied for and BLM 

received $100,000 from Idaho Power upon 

completion of the project implementation in 

February 2007. While the pilot was deemed a 

success, further innovation was needed to cost 

effectively retrofit small remote facilities like 

campgrounds and fire stations that use $1,000 to 

$3,000 of energy annually. BLM and JCI 

partnered creating a new approach to further 

streamline the ESPC process. During Phase 2, JCI 

will visit approximately 10 percent of BLM’s field 

facilities (e.g., fire stations, recreation sites, wild 

horse and burro facilities, air tanker bases, and 

visitor centers). Based on this sampling JCI will 

propose energy and water conservation and 

renewable energy opportunities for all of BLM 

owned facilities (i.e., those that use greater than 

$1,000 of electricity annually) in the six states 

region. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, DOI reported using 3.0 billion gallons 

of water at a cost of $13.1 million. Interior issued 

a policy on baselining water usage in March 2000. 

Bureaus established a baseline of portable water 

usage at owned buildings and focus conservation 

efforts on those buildings with the highest use. 

Interior continues to design and install low-flow or 

ultra low-flow plumbing fixtures in all new 

facilities. Public information related to drought 

and water conservation is available at many 

facilities. Among many notable Interior water 

reduction policies includes water audits performed 

by BLM at the National Interagency Fire Center, 

Boise Idaho as part of an ESPC. BLM continues 

its efforts to screen all facilities through study of 

water meter records for the year. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOI reported training 80 energy 

managers at a cost of $92,000. During the 

reporting period, Interior energy managers 

provided information to personnel on available 

energy management training and encouraged them 

to attend as much training as operational 

requirements and funding permitted. Energy 

managers involved in building energy efficiency 

and water conservation have attended workshops 

offered by: 

• DOE’s Federal Energy Management Program, 

• Environmental Protection Agency, 

• Association of Energy Engineers, 

• U.S. Green Buildings Council, and 

• public utilities. 

47 
 

 

 

Topics covered in Interior training included: 

• green power purchasing, 

• LEED rating system, 

• building insulation advances, and 

• water conservation. 

Interior energy personnel attended on-site training 

and satellite broadcasts of the FEMP courses on 

• ESPC basic and advanced, 

• UESC, 

• Energy Policy Act of 2005, 

• ComCheck-EZ, 

• Developing Agency Metering Plans, and 

• Implementing Renewable Energy Projects. 

Energy managers disseminated relevant information concerning emerging technologies, alternative 

means of financing, and energy efficient practices; 

and developed employee outreach programs to 

educate building occupants about energy and 

water management programs. 

Energy Management Contact 

Ms. Debra Sonderman 

Director, Office of Acquisition and 

Property Management 

U.S. Department of the Interior 

Main Interior Building, Room 2607 

1849 C Street, NW 

Washington, DC 20240 

Phone: 202-208-6352 

Fax: 202-208-6301 

E-mail: debra_sonderman@ios.doi.gov 

48 
 

 

I. Department of Justice 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOJ reported using 263,054 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

9.0 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

289,056 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOJ received 

credit for purchases of 6.8 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these facilities from 

263,154 Btu/GSF to 263,054 Btu/GSF. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, DOJ has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 9.3 

percent, from 188.8 billion Btu to 171.3 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, DOJ reported using 7.2 billion Btu of 

renewable energy, equivalent to 0.1 percent of its 

facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 0.4 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 6.8 billion Btu was purchased. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, DOJ invested $21.8 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 82.5 

percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, $787,900 was funded directly by the agency 

and $21.0 million was financed through an energy 

savings performance contract. During FY 2006, 

DOJ did not finance any projects with utility 

energy service contracts. 

A DOE Super ESPC contract was awarded during 

FY 2006 at the FBI Academy in Quantico, 

Virginia. Almost $21.0 million in facility energy 

improvements will be undertaken and will be 

financed through $43.5 million in guaranteed cost 

savings over the 19 year contract. Annual energy 

savings of more than 80.4 billion Btu is expected 

from the following energy efficiency measures: 

•	 chiller improvements, 

•	 building automation systems, 

•	 heating, ventilating and air conditioning, 

•	 lighting improvements, 

•	 chilled water/steam distribution system improvements, and 

•	 water and sewer systems. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, DOJ reported using 9.0 billion gallons 

of water at a cost of $ 27.2 million. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOJ reported training 166 energy 

managers at a cost of $8,600. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Jose V. Maniwang, Jr. 

Energy Program Manager 

U.S. Department of Justice 

RPMS, FASS, Justice Management Division 

National Place Building, Suite #1060 

1331 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20530-0001 

Phone: 202-514-0332 

Fax: 202-307-1915 

E-mail: jose.maniwang@usdoj.gov 

49 
 

J. Department of Labor Water Consumption

In FY 2006, DOL reported using 1.0 billion 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOL reported using 100,861 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

15.0 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

118,769 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOL received 

credit for purchases of 26.5 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

102,165 Btu/GSF to 100,861 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, DOL’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 14.0 percent. 

Excluded Buildings

DOL has not excluded any buildings from the 

EPACT 2005 amendments goal. All DOL regional 

offices locations are under lease arrangements 

with GSA, which reports the energy performance 

of these buildings. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, DOL has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 52.5 

percent, from 362.4 billion Btu to 172.2 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, DOL reported using 26.5 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 2.96 percent of 

its facility electricity use. The total amount of 26.5 

billion Btu was purchased. 

The Job Corps renewable energy plan relies on 

purchasing renewable energy certificates to satisfy 

the renewable energy goals. In FY 2006, the 

Department of Labor exceeded the EPACT goals 

by purchasing RECs from wind farms amounting 

to more than 7,770 megawatthours for the Job 

Corps program during FY 2006. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, DOL invested $500,000 in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 1.2 

percent of its total facility energy costs. During FY 

2006 DOL did not finance any projects with 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy service contracts. 

gallons of water at a cost of $4.8 million. 

Approximately 30 Job Corps Centers have had 

energy audits that revealed that many have energy 

efficient water fixtures installed. To increase water 

conservation, all new construction and renovation 

projects now use low-flow fixtures 1.6 GPF 

toilets, 1.0 GPF urinals, 2.5 GPM showerheads 

and 0.5 GPM faucets aerators. Low flow fixtures 

have been installed in the facilities where energy 

audits have been completed. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOL reported training 70 energy 

managers at a cost of $300. Program flyers and 

mini-training sessions are utilized to promote 

energy savings and environmental initiatives and 

to keep staff up to date with the latest conservation 

requirements. The Department participates in 

training information sessions provided by the 

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Federal Facilities Enforcement, and the 

Department of Energy’s Federal Management 

Program (FEMP). 

Job Corps includes information that promotes 

energy conservation awareness among its 

participants as part of regular student development 

and vocational skills training. Job Corp’s base 

curriculum now includes (1) the importance of 

energy conservation, and (2) ways to improve the 

conservation and energy efficiency of residences 

and the overall campus. In addition, the Office of 

Job Corp has developed a web-based training 

curriculum of courses in partnership with IFMA 

(International Facility Management Association) 

covering energy and environmental topics. 

Management Contact 

Ms. Patricia Clark 

Building Manager 

U.S. Department of Labor 

Room S-1521 

200 Constitution Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20210 

Phone: 202-219-5205, ext. 126 

Fax: 202-501-6886 

E-mail: clark-patricia-c@dol.gov 

50 
 

 

 

 

K. Department of State 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, the State Department reported using 

113,746 Btu per gross square foot in its goal 

subject buildings, an 11.1 percent decrease in 

energy intensity from 127,885 Btu/GSF used in 

FY 2003. State reported that it did not receive 

credit for purchases of renewable energy in FY 

2006. 

Excluded Buildings

The Department has not identified any excluded 

buildings under the EPACT 2005 amendments 

requirements during FY 2006. A portion of the 

Harry S. Truman (HST) headquarters building had 

formerly been considered exempt under Executive 

Order 13123 criteria. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, the Department of State did not report 

any quantitative data on renewable energy use. 

However, they reported the installation of 

photovoltaic cells for parking lot lighting, 

perimeter building security lighting and a passive 

solar trough for hot water heating in its Florida 

Regional Center (FRC). Additional solar PV is 

scheduled to be installed at FRC to provide 

electrical power to the facility. 

A small 35.1 kilowatt array is installed on the HST 

roof. The Department is examining the feasibility 

of installing a solar evacuation tube array on a 

portion of the HST roof, to help offset steam usage 

in the building. If that installation is determined to 

be life-cycle cost effective, the Department will 

install an array on the Marshall Wing, with 

subsequent arrays to be installed as additional 

quadrants of the building are renovated. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, State invested $36,000 in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 0.2 

percent of its total facility energy costs. State did 

not finance any projects with energy savings 

performance contracts or utility energy service 

contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, the State Department reported using 

28.7 million gallons of water at a cost of $176,000. 

The Department has installed water saver washbasin fixtures that reduce water consumption in 

most facilities. Facility managers are also working 

to install landscaping that does not require 

excessive watering. 

Training 

In FY 2006, the State Department reported 

training 10 energy managers at no cost. All 

purchase/credit card holders are required to 

successfully complete appropriate procurement 

training—including “buying green” and ENERGY 

STAR purchasing requirements—on initial issuance of a credit card and periodically thereafter. 

The Deputy Assistant Secretary for Operations 

within the Bureau of Administration (A/OPR) is 

responsible for the acquisition, design, 

construction, renovation, and operation of the 

Department’s domestic real estate portfolio. 

A/OPR organizations support professional 

development of their staff through occasional 

training programs, seminars, and credentialing 

activities. This past year one individual became a 

LEED-certified professional, three other OPR staff 

maintained their Certified Energy Manager 

credentials, and several facility managers 

participated in sequential on-line seminars on 

energy conservation and sustainable buildings 

topics. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Tim Arthurs 

Energy Conservation and Policy Officer 

Office of Facility Management and Support 

Services 

Department of State 

A/OPR/FMSS 

2201 C Street, NW 

Washington, DC 20520 

Phone: 202-647-8970 

Fax: 202-647-1873 

E-Mail: arthursrt2@state.gov 

51 
 

 

 

 

 

L. Department of Transportation 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, DOT reported using 88,190 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

13.0 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

101,423 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. DOT received 

credit for purchases of 7.1 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

89,180 Btu/GSF to 88,190 Btu/GSF. Without the 

credit for renewable energy purchases, DOT’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 12.1 percent. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006 DOT reported using 2,938.1 billion 

Btu in its excluded buildings, 82.0 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. DOT’s excluded 

buildings occupy 20.3 million square feet, 73.8 

percent of the agency’s total facility space. Below 

is an accounting of those buildings: 

•	 The Federal Highway Administration’s 

Turner-Fairbank Research Facility is a mixture 

of indoor and outdoor labs used for short and 

long term testing of various highway systems. 

A major portion of the facility is dedicated to 

laboratory space with some heavy process 

dedicated energy users. 

•	 The Maritime Administration operates three 

ship storage facilities. Over 250 ships of the 

National Reserve Fleet are maintained in 

various states of readiness in support of the 

Department of Defense. Power is provided to 

the ships primarily for ventilation and cathodic 

protection in what is referred to as “Cold Iron 

Energy.” 

•	 The St. Lawrence Seaway Development 

Corporation operates two locks on the St. 

Lawrence River. During the winter months 

these locks are closed and drained of water for 

maintenance. Portions of the locks are 

temporarily partitioned and heated during 

maintenance. Since the locks are not buildings 

and are not industrial in nature, the energy 

consumed during maintenance is reported as 

excluded. 

•	 The energy intensiveness of the process 

energy required by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) excluded buildings overwhelms the HVAC energy requirements and 

renders normal energy reduction measures as 

impracticable to meet reduction goals. The 

buildings and facilities listed on the FAA FY 

2006 excluded buildings inventory are National Airspace System (NAS) electronic and 

plant support systems for air traffic control 

within the continental U.S. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, DOT has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 60.5 

percent, from 3.8 billion Btu to 1.5 billion Btu in 

FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, DOT reported using 24.3 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 0.9 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 17.1 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 7.1 billion Btu was purchased. The Office of 

Real and Personal Property and Asset Management issued guidance on the use of renewable 

energy to all of the operating administrations in 

May 2006. As a result, the use of self-generated 

renewable energy and purchase of renewable 

energy certificates increased for FY 2006. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

FAA generated approximately 399 megawatthours 

of renewable energy in FY 2006 from a 

combination of hydrogen powered fuel cells, 

photovoltaic, and wind power systems. Two new 

5-kilowatt fuel cell projects were installed in FY 

2006. One fuel cell project was installed in the 

Eastern Service Area (ESA). The second fuel cell, 

funded by the DOE, was installed by our Central 

Service Area (CSA). The Western Service Area 

(WSA) installed 15 1-kilowatt fuel cells. 

Photovoltaic projects are underway in the CSA 

and WSA. 

The Maritime Administration is completing the 

installation of geothermal heat pump systems to 

provided heating and cool for Jones Hall, Barry 

Hall, and Palmer Hall at the U.S. Merchant Marine 

Academy (USMMA). In addition, on the FultonGibbs Hall roof a 10-kilowatt photovoltaic system 

currently provides electrical power to the electrical 

grid and the Academy facility. 

52 
 

 

 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

The FAA’s Northwest Mountain Region is 

purchasing 5 percent of its energy requirements 

from renewable resources. The Research and 

Innovative Technology Administration’s (RITA) 

Volpe Center procured 2.5 percent of its electric 

capacity from renewable sources via credits from a 

GSA area-wide contract. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency 

In FY 2006, DOT invested $2.3 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 2.1 

percent of its total facility energy costs. During FY 

2006, DOT did not finance any projects energy 

service performance contracts or with utility 

energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption 

In FY 2006, DOT reported using and estimated 

645.3 million gallons of water at an estimated cost 

of $3 million. DOT reported that it is extremely 

difficult to develop accurate water consumption 

data due to the wide variation in units of measure 

used by water authorities and the lack of any 

metering at some locations. Specific water 

conservation was provided at the U.S. Merchant 

Marine Academy through the installation of over 

900 new water fixtures. 

Training 

In FY 2006, DOT reported training 20 energy 

managers at a cost of $27,700. DOT relies heavily 

on the broad training opportunities offered by the 

annual energy conferences sponsored by the DOE, 

GSA, and DOD. DOT also relies on the “You 

Have the Power” campaign materials for its 

outreach and employee awareness efforts. 

The FAA Air Traffic Organization’s Energy 

Management Program Office organized two 

national training workshops in FY 2006 for Center 

and Regional Energy Managers. The first 

workshop was held in Chicago, Illinois. It was 

planned in conjunction with the Winter Meeting of 

the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, 

and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and 

the Air-conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating 

(AHR) Conference and Exposition. Workshop 

attendees reviewed and evaluated the technologies 

and discussed their performance capabilities with 

on-site manufacturer representatives. In addition to 

visiting the trade show, the workshop attendees 

visited the Pawaukee Airport remote 

transmitter/receiver (RTR). This RTR site is 

unique because it uses a fuel cell to provide 72 

hours of clean, back-up power. 

The second workshop, held in Denver, Colorado, 

in conjunction with Solar 2006, provided 

education and training on photovoltaic and wind 

power generators, power optimization controllers, 

solar heating solutions and design seminars. The 

workshop also provided a forum for FAA energy 

team members to discuss ongoing energy projects, 

organizational changes and future funding for the 

energy program. 

Energy Management Contact 

Ms. Catherine Johnson 

Acting Energy Coordinator 

U.S. Department of Transportation 

Room 2310, M 93 

400 7th Street, SW 

Washington, DC 20590 

Phone: 202-366-0266 

Fax: 202-366-3192 

E-Mail: catherine.johnson@dot.gov 

53 
 

 

 

M. Department of the Treasury Purchased Renewable Energy 

It is the Bureau of Engraving and Printing’s (BEP) 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, Treasury reported using 154,216 Btu 

per gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, 

a 15.8 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

183,237 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. Treasury 

received credit for purchases of 44.9 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

157,784 Btu/GSF to 154,216 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, 

Treasury’s reduction from FY 2003 is 13.9 

percent. 

During FY 2006, the majority of Department of 

the Treasury and its bureaus occupied space was 

located in General Services Administration (GSA) 

assigned facilities. Treasury reports energy 

statistics only for the Treasury owned and GSA 

delegated space for which it controls the utilities. 

Excluded Buildings

The Internal Revenue Service has parking lot 

lights that are separately metered in Atlanta, 

Georgia and Covington, Kentucky and the 

consumption data for which are reported as 

excluded energy. 

In addition, the Atlanta Main and the Atlanta child 

care electricity and natural gas are reported by 

GSA Atlanta due to a consolidated purchasing 

agreement. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, Treasury has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 14.1 

percent, from 61.5 billion Btu to 52.8 billion Btu 

in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, Treasury reported using 44.9 billion 

Btu of renewable energy, equivalent to 3.4 percent 

of its facility electricity use. The entire 44.9 billion 

Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

Treasury has not yet fully implemented any selfgenerating renewable energy projects. 

policy to encourage purchase and generation of 

electricity from renewable energy sources. At the 

Western Currency Facility (WCF), 5 percent of 

electrical consumption is renewable energy 

purchased from an electric utility company. This 

practice has been in place since FY 2004. At 

District Currency Facility (DCF) starting from 

October 2006, 3 percent of electrical consumption 

will be renewable energy. Also, a feasibility study 

is being conducted to evaluate the opportunity for 

installing solar or wind energy at the WCF site. 

The IRS made a corporate purchase of 7,000 

megawatthours of renewable energy certificates 

(RECs) from Biomass Corporation in FY 2006. 

IRS qualified for and joined the Environmental 

Protection Agency Green Power Partnership in 

2005. 

In FY 2006, the Mint purchased 1,163.9 

megawatthours of renewable energy from an 

electric utility company. 

The Bureau of Public Debt purchased 3,000 

megawatthours of RECs from Biomass 

Corporation generators located in Georgia, South 

Carolina and Alabama. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, Treasury invested $3.7 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

8.3 percent of its total facility energy costs. During 

FY 2006 Treasury did not finance any projects 

with energy savings performance contracts or 

utility energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, Treasury reported using 415.2 million 

gallons of water at a cost of $1.8 million. Water is 

used at the Bureau of Printing and Engraving for 

industrial/process purposes and for potable/domestic water for employees. The Bureau continues to 

investigate the possibility of recycling water from 

the spent intaglio water wipe solution that is used 

for cleaning engraved inked plates used for 

printing Federal Reserve Notes. This process 

accounts for the use of as much as 65,000 to 

80,000 gallons of water per day. 

54 
 

All 11 IRS sites have developed Water Management Plans. The IRS Headquarters building in 

Washington DC is not billed for water under a 

multi-agency agreement between GSA and the 

District of Columbia. Lastly, the United States 

Mint established objectives to complete best management practices for water conservation at each 

of its facilities in FY 2007. 

Training 

In FY 2006, Treasury reported training 32 energy 

managers at a cost of $30,700. In FY 2006, 22 (18 

IRS), (2 BEP), (1 Mint) and (1 headquarters) 

employees attended the Department of Energy 

sponsored Energy 2006 workshop and conference. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Les Smith 

Environmental & Energy Programs Officer 

U.S. Department of the Treasury 

1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW 

Annex Building 6004 

Washington, DC 20220 

Phone: 202-622-0989 

Fax: 202-622-5334 

E-mail: les.smith@do.treas.gov 

55 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

N. Department of Veterans Affairs Water Consumption

In FY 2006, VA reported using 10.9 billion 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, VA reported using 195,914 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

5.4 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

207,166 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. VA received 

credit for purchases of 309.8 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

198,092 Btu/GSF to 195,914 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, VA’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 4.4 percent. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, VA has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 43.9 

percent, from 1,659.6 billion Btu to 931.2 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, VA reported using 312.0 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 3.0 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 2.1 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 309.8 billion Btu was purchased. VA included 

language in energy assessment solicitation documents to cover renewable energy potential. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

VA conducted a national survey of facilities to 

gather information about sites currently generating 

renewable energy, as well as sites interested in 

generating renewable energy. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

VA purchased over 90 million kilowatthours of 

renewable energy, mostly in the form of renewable 

energy certificates (RECs). VA also identified the 

most favorable green power markets for VA 

purchases and high-potential locations for renewable generation projects. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency 

In FY 2006, VA invested $8.43 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 2.1 

percent of its total facility energy costs. This 

amount was funded directly by the agency, with 

no projects financed with energy savings performance contracts or utility energy service contracts. 

gallons of water at a cost of $26.7 million. An 

increasing number of VA facilities are practicing 

best water management techniques, and the 

National Cemetery Administration (NCA) is 

leading the way in innovative practices. However, 

VA’s mission in both the cemetery and health care 

environments means that reductions achievable in 

certain applications are limited. Additionally, the 

opening of new water-consuming facilities will 

add to total consumption. 

Training 

In FY 2006, VA reported training 349 energy 

managers at a cost of $70,000. VA co-sponsored 

DOE’s annual energy workshop, Energy 2006, in 

Chicago. VA speakers addressed participants at a 

number of sessions, and VA conducted a one-anda-half-day training session immediately following 

the event for VA employees. 

In August, NCA trained all 165 individuals 

responsible for inputting energy data into its 

consumption and cost database via training 

sessions at NCA’s annual National Conference. 

VA’s Office of Acquisition and Materiel 

Management offered conferences designed to 

assist VA Administrations and staff offices to 

meet federal mandates regarding acquisition of 

energy-efficient products and materials. 

Veterans Health Administration added energy 

management sessions to its annual engineering 

conference held in August. Sessions addressed 

EPACT 2005 requirements, VA’s Action Plan, 

and renewable energy. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Edward Bradley 

Office of Assistant Enterprise Management 

Investment and Enterprise Development Service 

(004B2) 

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 

810 Vermont Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20420 

Phone: 202-273-5589 

Fax: 202-273-7071 

E-Mail: edward.bradley@mail.va.gov 

56 
 

 

 

 

O. Environmental Protection 

Agency 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, EPA reported using 189,659 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

45.3 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

347,036 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. EPA received 

credit for purchases of 554.1 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

340,113 Btu/GSF to 189,659 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, EPA’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 2.0 percent. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, EPA has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 55.6 

percent, from 73.8 billion Btu to 32.8 billion Btu 

in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, EPA reported using 562.7 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 122.7 percent 

of its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 8.7 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 554.1 billion Btu was purchased. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

On September 1, 2006, EPA became the first 

federal agency to purchase green power or 

renewable energy certificates (RECs) equivalent to 

100 percent of its annual electricity use at all of its 

190 facilities nationwide. EPA reached 100 

percent green power by finalizing a green power 

contract on June 2, 2006, its largest contract to 

date. This contract calls for 110 million kilowatthours annually in RECs from 3 Phases Energy 

Services supporting wind farms in California, 

Wyoming, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. This 

single contract covers the electricity used by 

multiple EPA facilities not yet purchasing green 

power. The contract also covers existing contracts 

that were to expiree in the near future. EPA’s 

green power purchases support the development of 

various renewable energy sources in 19 states. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

EPA continued to operate numerous renewable 

energy self-generation technologies in FY 2006, 

including solar arrays, PV lighting, solar-water 

heating systems, a solar wall, solar power 

awnings, a ground-source heat pump, and lake 

cooling water. For example, the agency continued 

to operate a 100-kilowatt PV array installed in 

April 2002 on the roof of the Nation Computer 

Center in Research Triangle Park and a 10-

kilowatt solar array installed on the roof of its 

Region 5 in Chicago’s Metcalf Federal Building in 

2000. EPA’s Region 10 laboratory also continued 

operation of 28 solar panels with a combined 2kW 

capacity. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, EPA invested almost $3.0 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

13.9 percent of its total facility energy costs. 

During FY 2006 EPA did not finance any projects 

with energy savings performance contracts or 

utility energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption

Throughout FY 2006, EPA took steps to 

significantly reduce its water consumption with 

the aim of reaching the agency’s 15 percent 

reduction goal by FY 2010 from a FY 2000 

baseline. In FY 2006, EPA’s laboratories used 

218.5 million gallons of water, at a cost of $1.2 

million, or 59.8 gallons per square foot, a 6.7 percent reduction from the FY 2000 baseline (63.6 

gallons/square foot). 

One notable water conservation project was the 

completion in May 2006 of a condensate recovery 

system at the Kansas City Science and Technology 

Center. This system captures condensation from 

the facility’s four air handling units and reuses the 

collected water in the facility’s cooling towers and 

low-flow toilets. 

During FY 2006, as part of its ongoing 

commitment to efficient water management, EPA 

completed water assessments and signed water 

management plans at five of its laboratories, 

bringing the agency’s total number of signed water 

management plans to 62 percent of facilities. 

Training 

In FY 2006, EPA reported training 47 energy 

managers at a cost of $29,000. EPA’s energy 

57 
management team uses continuing education and 

training programs to support individual and team 

efforts in energy efficiency. 

EPA’s Laboratories for the 21st Century (Labs21) 

is a voluntary partnership program dedicated to 

improving the environmental performance of U.S. 

laboratories. In addition to an annual conference, 

Labs21 introductory and advanced training 

courses trained nearly 500 people in seven 

different locations throughout the country in FY 

2006. 

In other efforts to educate employees on the 

importance of environmental performance, 

Energizing EPA is an internal newsletter that 

highlights the Agency’s efforts to improve overall 

sustainability, including energy and water efficiency, at its facilities. The newsletter is produced 

on a quarterly basis and distributed electronically 

to all EPA employees to educate them about such 

issues as energy efficiency, green power, green 

buildings, alternative energy, recycling programs, 

water conservation, and low-impact development/ 

stormwater management. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Bucky Green 

Energy & Environmental Coordinator 

Sustainable Facilities Practices Branch 

Environmental Protection Agency 

Mailstop 3204R 

1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20460 

Phone: 202-564-6371 

Fax: 202-564-8234 

E-mail: green.bucky@epa.gov 

58 
 

 

 

 

P. General Services Administration 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, GSA reported using 70,414 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

7.9 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

76,449 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. GSA received 

credits for purchases of 442.1 billion Btu of 

renewable energy and for project source energy 

savings of 2.3 billion Btu in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

72,892 Btu/GSF to 70,414 Btu/GSF. Without 

these credits, GSA’s reduction from FY 2003 is 

4.7 percent. The agency achieved this reduction by 

directly investing in energy and water 

conservation opportunities with paybacks of 10 

years or less. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006 the GSA reported using 5,031.0 billion 

Btu in its excluded buildings, 27.8 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. GSA’s excluded buildings occupy 33,211.2 thousand square feet, 15.6 

percent of the Agency’s total facility space. 

Generally this space is excluded from the EPACT 

2005 amendments performance goals of the 

following reasons: 

•	 buildings under renovation, 

•	 buildings entering or leaving the inventory 

that do not have a full year of data, 

•	 leased space where GSA doesn't pay all 

utilities, 

•	 lease space that comprises only part of a 

building, 

•	 building disposal is pending, 

•	 buildings that are partially vacant, 

•	 parking facilities with minimal energy use, 

and 

•	 border stations where goal performance is 

impracticable due to energy-intensive, mission-related process loads. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, GSA has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 21.2 

percent, from 129.3 billion Btu to 101.9 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, GSA reported using 445.4 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 4.5 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 3.3 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 442.1 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

In FY 2006, GSA received and estimated 3.3 

billion Btu in energy use from renewable energy 

projects. Approximately 543.7 megawatthours 

were generated from GSA’s 12 PV installations, 

600 million Btu was from GSA’s two solar 

thermal projects and 830 million Btu came from a 

completed geothermal project. GSA also has 

funded the repair of five existing solar thermal 

projects that are currently inactive to bring them 

back to operating condition. 

In FY 2006, GSA funded two new PV systems. 

The first is a 40-kilowatt array at the Trenton 

Courthouse Annex. The second is a 300-kilowatt 

building-integrated PV array at the National 

Archives facility in Waltham, MA. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

In FY 2006, GSA purchased a total of 129,575 

megawatthours of electricity from renewable 

sources through competitive power contracts and 

use of green power programs offered by local 

distribution companies. The decrease in the level 

of green power purchases made by GSA was in 

large part to the lack of renewable guidance from 

DOE determining whether or not there would 

continue to be a Btu reduction credit toward the 

energy reduction goal for these purchases. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, GSA invested $30.3 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 7.5 

percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, $28 million was funded directly by the 

agency and $2.3 million was financed through 

energy savings performance contracting. During 

FY 2006 GSA did not finance any projects with 

utility energy service contracts. 

In FY 2006, GSA awarded one ESPC for $2.3 million in energy efficiency improvements, expected 

to save 10.6 billion Btu annually. The ESPC will 

accomplish energy retrofits at both the Whittaker 

Courthouse and Dole Courthouse in Kansas City. 

59 
 

 

 

 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, GSA reported using almost 3.8 billion 

gallons of water at a cost of $24.8 million. This 

represents consumption for GSA’s entire owned 

facility inventory. The cost also includes sewage 

charges in many sites. 

In FY 2006, GSA funded and implemented several 

water conservation projects. The Denver Federal 

Center implemented several drip irrigation 

systems at various building in the Federal Center 

complex and are anticipated to save up to 60 

percent of the water usage. Additionally, plumbing 

fixtures were updated with aerators. GSA finalized 

a Water Management Guide in FY 2000, which is 

posted on the GSA Energy Center of Expertise’s 

website for use by any federal agency 

(www.gsa.gov/pbs/centers/ energy). GSA utilizes 

a proactive approach with water management. 

Every GSA facility has an O&M plan that incorporates water management. The majority of the 

scopes of work for energy audits that GSA 

completes each year, include water conservation 

as well. Lastly, GSA has a comprehensive maintenance program that already incorporates many of 

the Best Management Practices for water conservation. 

Training 

In FY 2006, GSA reported training 110 energy 

managers at a cost of $140,000. In 2006, GSA 

held or co-sponsored five conferences/workshops 

in partnership with Federal agencies and state 

governments. Among these conferences was 

Energy 2006 in Chicago, IL, Aug. 7-9, 2006 with 

approximately 1,400 attendees. GSA also 

continues to train its own personnel in all aspects 

of energy and water management and conservation. GSA also includes project managers responsible for renovation and new construction 

projects in many of these training activities. GSA 

currently has on staff 28 trained energy managers. 

Routine training includes such topics, among 

others, as 

•	 Industrial Energy Process and Building 

Analysis, 

•	 ASHRAE 90.1, 

•	 Energy Management Techniques, and 

•	 Building Life Cycle Costing. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Mark Ewing 

Director, Energy Center of Expertise 

General Services Administration 

301 7th Street, SW (WPE) 

Washington, DC 20407 

Phone: 202-708-9296 

Fax: 202-401-3722 

E-mail: mark.ewing@gsa.gov 

60 
 

 

 

Q. National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, NASA reported using 190,273 Btu 

per gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, 

an 11.9 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

215,922 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. NASA 

received credit for purchases of 349.5 billion Btu 

of renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

201,361 Btu/GSF to 190,273 Btu/GSF. Without 

the credit for renewable energy purchases, 

NASA’s reduction is 6.7 percent. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006, NASA reported using 2,865.7 billion 

Btu in its excluded buildings, 28.6 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. NASA requested 

exclusions from energy intensity reduction 

requirements for almost 7.4 million square feet, 

18.1 percent of the Agency’s total facility space. 

Examples of exclusions include abandoned buildings with abnormally low Btu/GSF, and highly 

specialized energy-intensive facilities constructed 

for specific space flight and research programs, 

such as wind tunnels driven by multi-thousand 

horsepower electric motors, space simulation 

chambers, and space communication facilities. 

The facilities range from pre-World War II aeronautical test installations to newer facilities that 

support the Space Shuttle, International Space 

Station, and deep space exploration programs. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, NASA has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 22.8 

percent, from 220.8 billion Btu to 170.5 billion in 

FY 2006. In order to further reduce facility 

petroleum consumption, Marshall Space Flight 

Center (MSFC) is utilizing Strategic Institutional 

Investment (SII) funds to convert three fuel oil 

fired boilers to operate on 80/20 fuel oil/biodiesel 

blend, which will save approximately 36,000 

gallons of fuel oil annually. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, NASA reported using 371.1 Btu of 

renewable energy, the equivalent of 6.9 percent of 

NASA’s electricity consumption. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

In FY 2006, NASA’s Deputy Administrator dedicated $1.3 million of SII funding to conduct a 

renewable energy assessment of the major Space 

Centers and component facilities and provide 

design assistance. This effort intends to assess key 

variables like renewable energy resources, utility 

rates, rebates, and mission compatibility at each 

site, determine optimal locations within NASA for 

deploying or purchasing renewable energy, and 

generate initial designs of the most promising 

potential systems. 

NASA’s FY 2006 renewable energy efforts 

include the following: 

•	 Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed a 

PV system in conjunction with an FY 2007 

roof replacement project. 

•	 Kennedy Space Center (KSC) is utilizing SII 

funds to enable a new facility construction 

project to install PV parking lot lighting. 

•	 JPL partnered with a PV system developer to 

provide system hardware, NASA will fund 

installation costs from SII funds, and JPL will 

act as a test site for the technology and provide 

system data to the developer in exchange for 

the energy produced. 

•	 Ames Research Center (ARC) designed an 

expansion for one of its PV arrays and is 

pursuing project funding. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

NASA has focused its efforts on purchasing 

renewable energy from sources that are cost 

competitive with conventional energy sources. The 

following purchases were reported in FY 2006: 

•	 Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) 

purchased 187.7 billion Btu of landfill methane in FY 2006, which avoided $1.3 million 

compared to the cost of conventional energy. 

GSFC converted a third boiler to burn landfill 

methane, and the supplier modified the system 

at the landfill. 

•	 Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) 

purchased 11,885 megawatthours of green 

electricity in FY 2006. 

•	 Johnson Space Center (JSC) purchased 40,000 

megawatthours in RECs through a Defense 

Energy Support Center solicitation. These 

RECs cover the incremental cost of generating 

61 
 

 

 

 

electricity from municipal solid waste. 

•	 ARC purchased 1,600 megawatthours of 

RECs through the Western Area Power 

Administration. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, NASA invested $13.8 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

9.0 percent of its total facility energy costs. During 

FY 2006 NASA did not finance any projects with 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption 

In FY 2006, NASA reported using almost 2.0 

billion gallons of water at a cost of $ 4.4 million. 

This represents a 4.3 percent decrease from the 2.1 

billion gallons used in FY 2003. Twenty-seven 

percent of NASA Centers and component facilities 

have water management plans in place and have 

fully implemented at least four of the DOE Best 

Management Practices for water conservation. 

While this falls slightly short of the required 30 

percent, another 40 percent of facilities met half 

the requirement (either the site created a plan and 

has not implemented at least four BMPs, or the 

site’s plan remains incomplete and the site 

implemented at least four BMPs). Centers implemented the following water conservation activities 

in FY 2006: 

•	 GSFC completed a project to fund flush valve 

replacement on toilets and urinals, which will 

reduce annual water consumption 1.6 million 

gallons. 

•	 MSFC is continuing its efforts to identify and 

eliminate all once-through cooling systems, 

such as 2.6 million gallons per year at 

Building 4711. 

•	 Langley Research Center (LaRC) designed a 

project to replace the city water supply with a 

closed-loop cooling system for cooling 

research cryogenic pumps. When implemented 

in FY 2007, the project will avoid 1.2 million 

gallons per year. 

Training 

In FY 2006, NASA reported training 70 energy 

managers at a cost of $151,000. Previously, NASA 

headquarters developed and conducted an Energy 

Efficiency and Water Conservation course to 

educate civil servants on the basics of conducting 

an energy/water program. Instead of repeating the 

course, in FY 2006 NASA tried an alternative 

approach—centrally funding registration costs for 

civil servants to participate in DOE’s Energy 2006 

Federal workshop, and conducting an all-day 

Energy Efficiency Panel (EEP) meeting at the 

workshop location on the day after the workshop. 

Through this approach, NASA funded and 

registered at the discounted team rate 16 civil 

servants, and several Centers separately registered 

contractor personnel. Feedback from participants 

supports repeating this approach. In addition to 

benefiting from the workshop, NASA contributed 

two speakers to sessions. 

NASA conducted a Sustainable Design of 

Facilities (SDF) course at ARC during FY 2006. 

The SDF course was developed to give energy and 

facilities management professionals the knowledge 

and skills required to successfully implement 

sustainable designs in new and renovation 

construction projects. NASA employees attended a 

variety of other training opportunities to further 

support NASA’s mission. Opportunities included 

topics such as Association of Energy Engineers 

comprehensive training for energy managers, 

American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and 

Air conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) “Sustainability and the Building Environment,” lighting, 

energy monitoring and control systems (EMCS), 

and metering. Several NASA Centers hosted 

employee energy awareness activities as part of 

October Energy Awareness Month and Earth Day 

observances. MSFC efforts targeted informing 

building managers about EPAct 2005 requirements. NASA Headquarters continued broadcasting recurring energy conservation messages to all 

employees via the Headquarters Information 

Television closed circuit system. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Wayne Thalasinos 

Environmental Management Division 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration 

Mail Suite 5B42 

300 E St. SW 

Washington, DC 20546-0001 

Phone: 202-358-3811 

E-mail: wayne.b.thalasinos@nasa.gov 

62 
 

 

 

 

 

R. National Archives and Records 

Administration 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, NARA reported using 156,992 Btu 

per gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, 

a 13.3 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

181,166 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. NARA did not 

purchase any renewable energy in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, NARA did not report using any 

renewable energy. The organization does not 

utilize any self-generated energy from renewable 

sources. NARA does however, purchase electricity 

through a GSA area-wide contract which mandates 

that 3 percent of the energy bought under the 

contract be from renewable sources. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, NARA invested almost $6.5 million 

in energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 49.2 percent of its total facility energy costs. 

Of this total, $584,000 was funded directly by the 

agency and $5.9 million was financed through 

energy savings performance contracting. During 

FY 2006 NARA did not finance any projects with 

utility energy service contracts. 

In FY 2006, NARA awarded one ESPC for $5.2 

million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 58.9 billion Btu annually. The 

project is at the Archives II in College Park, 

Maryland and includes the following energy 

efficiency measures: 

• chiller improvements, 

• building automation systems, 

• heating, ventilating and air conditioning, and 

• lighting improvements. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, NARA reported using 75.6 million 

gallons of water at a cost of $532,000. Strong 

water conservation measures continue at NARA. 

Archives II has awarded a contract for a cooling 

tower well that will replace roughly one third of 

the Archives II consumption with well water. As 

part of the Archives II ESPC, all plumbing fixtures 

in the building have been replaced with low flow 

devices. 

Training 

In FY 2006, NARA reported training 19 energy 

managers at a cost of $24,000. Several members of 

the agency energy team attended the DOE FEMP 

Energy 2006 workshop and conference in Chicago, Illinois. All Presidential Library facility 

managers attended a week long training program 

at Archives II in August of 2006. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Mark Sprouse 

Chief, NAFM 

National Archives and Records Administration 

Facilities, Suite 2320 

8601 Adelphi Road 

College Park, MD 20740-6001 

Phone: 301- 837-3019 

Fax: 301-837-0336 

E-mail: mark.sprouse@nara.gov 

63 
 

 

 

S. Railroad Retirement Board 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, RRB reported using 98,876 Btu per 

gross square foot in its headquarters building, the 

sole building subject to the EPACT 2005 

amendments goal, a 4.8 percent decrease in energy 

intensity from 103,877 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. 

RRB received credit for purchases of 156 million 

Btu of renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

99,452 Btu/GSF to 98,876 Btu/GSF. Without the 

credit for renewable energy purchases, RRB’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 4.3 percent. 

The headquarters building in Chicago, Illinois is 

the only building over which the RRB has 

operational control. The RRB operates and 

maintains the building under a delegation of 

authority agreement established April 1, 1986 with 

GSA. A negligible increase in Btu/GSF levels 

from FY 2005 to FY 2006 was a significant 

accomplishment considering that the Chicago area 

experienced some unusually colder temperatures 

during the winter months. These variations in 

temperatures from year-to-year as reflected in 

heating degree days and cooling degree days are 

not taken into account in the simple Btu/GSF 

calculation. 

Excluded Buildings 

There are no excluded buildings. Regional and 

field locations for the RRB are in GSA leased 

facilities and are reported under the GSA 

inventory of properties. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, RRB reported using 156 million Btu 

of purchased renewable energy. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency 

In FY 2006, RRB invested $15,000 in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 2.8 

percent of its total facility energy costs. During FY 

2006, RRB did not finance any projects through 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, RRB reported using 530,000 gallons 

of water at a cost of $16,600. 

Training 

In FY 2006, RRB reported training three energy 

managers at no cost. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Scott Rush 

Facility Manager 

U.S. Railroad Retirement Board 

844 North Rush Street 

Chicago, IL 60611 

Phone: 312-751-4566 

Fax: 312-751-4923 

Email: scott.rush@rrb.gov 

64 
 

 

 

 

 

 

T. Social Security Administration 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, SSA reported using 111,508 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

10.3 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

120,300 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. SSA received 

credit for purchases of 4.6 billion Btu of renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the performance 

measure of these buildings from 112,006 Btu/GSF 

to 111,508 Btu/GSF. Without the credit for 

renewable energy purchases, SSA had a decrease 

of 9.9 percent from FY 2003. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, SSA has reduced petroleum-based 

fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 30.9 

percent, from 44 billion Btu to 30.4 billion Btu in 

FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, SSA reported using 5.0 billion Btu of 

renewable energy, equivalent to 0.7 percent of its 

facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 0.4 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 4.6 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

SSA has three self-generating renewable energy 

systems, described below: 

•	 Mid-Atlantic Social Security Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has a solar hot water 

system that has been on line since 2003. This 

system saves approximately 10,300 kilowatthours of electricity per year. SSA has also 

installed solar/wind lighting on the parking lot 

of this facility. 

•	 Harold Washington Social Security Center 

(HWSSC) in Chicago, IL has a 100-kilowatt 

photovoltaic solar system which came on-line 

in July of 2005. In FY 2006, this system 

generated 90,645 kilowatthours of electricity. 

•	 The Frank Hagel Federal Building in Richmond, CA installed a 17-kilowatt photovoltaic 

system which came on line in April 2006. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

Ten percent of the power for SSA’s Joseph P. 

Addabbo Federal Building in Jamaica, NY is from 

renewable sources. SSA purchased a total of 

almost 1.4 megawatthours of renewable power. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, SSA invested $2.3 million in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 9.6 

percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, $370,000 was funded directly by the agency 

and almost $2.0 million was financed through a 

energy savings performance contract. During FY 

2006 SSA did not finance any projects with utility 

energy service contracts. 

In FY 2006, SSA awarded one ESPC for almost 

$2.0 million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 13.7 billion Btu annually. 

HWSSC in Chicago, IL, awarded a Super ESPC in 

FY 2006, and the construction phase is underway. 

This delivery order will implement a variety of 

energy conservation measures to generate savings, 

including chilled water improvements, energy 

management system improvements, building recommissioning and high-efficiency lighting and 

lighting controls. To ensure the energy savings are 

realized, SSA will have continuous building 

commissioning services for the life of the contract. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, SSA reported using 116 million 

gallons of water at a cost of $617,000. SSA’s 

Headquarters Operation Building is undergoing 

major restroom renovations, which include waterconserving fixtures and technologies. 

Training 

In FY 2006, SSA reported training 31 energy 

managers at a cost of $11,000. Ten SSA 

employees attended the Energy 2006 workshop 

and conference. Other training in FY 2006 

included: Advanced training on ESPCs and Super 

ESPCs, National Facilities Management and Technology Conference, Building Owners and Managers Association conference and various energy 

company seminars on renewable energy at the 

local and regional level. SSA staff members are 

active participants on numerous committees 

including, DOE’s Interagency Energy Manage65 
ment Task Force, “You Have the Power” committee, and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design implementation committee. 

SSA educates its employees nationwide on the 

need for and benefits of energy conservation 

through an awareness program using e-mail, 

websites, and newsletters. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Scott Howard 

Social Security Administration 

(0134 Dunleavy) 

6401 Security Boulevard 

Baltimore, MD 21235 

Phone: 410-965-4980 

Fax: 410-966-3338 

Email: scott.howard@ssa.gov 

66 
 

 

 

 

U. Tennessee Valley Authority 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, TVA reported using 62,273 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

5.0 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

65,530 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. TVA received 

credit for purchases of 4.0 billion Btu of 

renewable energy in FY 2006, reducing the 

performance measure of these buildings from 

62,695 Btu/GSF to 62,273 Btu/GSF. Without the 

credit for renewable energy purchases, TVA’s 

reduction from FY 2003 is 4.3 percent. 

Excluded Buildings

In FY 2006, TVA reported using 1,304.6 billion 

Btu in its excluded buildings, 68.7 percent of the 

agency’s total facility use. TVA’s excluded 

buildings occupy 19.4 million square feet, 67.2 

percent of the agency’s total facility space. Energy 

reduction in these buildings has become increasingly more difficult given the majority of the 

energy consumption in these buildings is largely 

attributed to process energy (generation and transmission of electricity). In recognition of this and 

the fact that only so much can be done to make 

these buildings more efficient in a cost effective 

manner, TVA has decided to exclude these 

buildings. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings 

Since FY 2003, TVA has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 53.3 

percent, from 1.5 billion Btu to 0.7 billion Btu in 

FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use 

In FY 2006, TVA reported using 53.4 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 2.8 percent of 

its facility electricity use. Of the total renewable 

energy used, 49.4 billion Btu was self-generated 

and 4.0 billion Btu was purchased. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

Through TVA’s Green Power Switch (GPS) 

program, TVA utilizes photovoltaics, wind, and 

methane as part of its mix to provide renewable 

energy to its customers. TVA and 12 public power 

companies launched GPS on Earth Day, April 22, 

2000. GPS was the first program of its kind 

offered in the Southeast and provided consumers 

with an economical opportunity to participate in 

TVA’s development of renewable energy 

resources. The program originally included supply 

from wind and solar energy sources. The program 

was expanded in FY 2001 to include electricity 

generated from methane gas at a waste water 

treatment plant in Memphis, Tennessee. Under the 

GPS program, residential customers can purchase 

green power blocks of 150 kilowatt hours each, at 

a cost of $4.00 per block. These blocks represent 

approximately 12 percent of a typical home’s 

monthly energy use. Commercial and industrial 

customers can sign up for the 150 kilowatthour 

blocks based on the amount of energy they use 

each month. As of September 30, 2006, there were 

95 TVA power distributors participating in the 

GPS program throughout the Tennessee Valley. 

Purchased Renewable Energy 

TVA purchased 1,170 megawatthours of renewable energy for use in its Knoxville Office 

Complex, Chattanooga Office Complex, and 

Huntsville office. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency 

In FY 2006, TVA invested $276,000 in energy 

efficiency and renewable energy projects, 0.9 

percent of its total facility energy costs. The total 

amount was funded directly by the agency. In FY 

2006 TVA did not finance any projects with 

energy savings performance contracts or utility 

energy service contracts. 

Water Consumption

In FY 2006, TVA reported using 145.8 million 

gallons of water with an estimated cost of 

$306,000. TVA considers water management 

plans as part of its operation and maintenance 

activities. As part of these activities, more than 

271 facilities have been covered, representing over 

4.3 million square feet. To date, TVA has 

implemented Best Management Practices in more 

than 11 percent of its gross square footage. 

Training 

In FY 2006, TVA reported training 180 energy 

managers at a cost of $27,000. The TVA Intranet 

and employee awareness programs are used as 

tools to educate employees on how they impact 

67 
energy efficiency and use, both at work and at 

home. During FY 2006, TVA articles included the 

successful implementation of personnel 

workstation occupancy sensors, demonstration of a 

membrane energy recovery system (MERV), fuel 

efficient and money saving driving tips, and 

President Bush’s directive to reduce energy use 

and improve fuel-conservation measures. Employees are shown their impact on facility energy use 

through a facility performance poster campaign. 

Posters showing monthly energy use and energy 

saving tips are placed in the lobbies of major 

energy-using facilities. Energy efficiency and 

information updates on current federal requirements and regulations are provided to employees, 

managers, and TVA customers upon request. 

Energy management and associated environmental 

training is provided to managers and employees as 

needed. TVA also educates staff on energy and 

environmental related topics through the TVA 

Employee Technical Training and Organizational 

Effectiveness (ETT&OE) group. 

Energy Management Contact 

Mr. Steve Brothers 

Manager, Energy Legislation & Management 

Tennessee Valley Authority 

1101 Market Street (EB 3G) 

Chattanooga, TN 37402-2801 

Phone: 423-751-7369 

Fax: 423-751-6309 

E-mail: slbrothers@tva.gov 

68 
 

 

 

 

 

 

V. United States Postal Service 

Reduction Goal Performance 

In FY 2006, USPS reported using 66,997 Btu per 

gross square foot in its goal subject buildings, a 

1.3 percent decrease in energy intensity from 

67,882 Btu/GSF used in FY 2003. USPS did not 

receive any credit for purchases of renewable 

energy in FY 2006. 

Excluded Buildings 

The Postal Service does not have any excluded 

buildings. Instead, it excludes the separatelymetered energy use is essential and critical to the 

USPS mission. Therefore, this operational energy 

usage is excluded from the reduction goals. 

Petroleum Use in Buildings

Since FY 2003, USPS has reduced petroleumbased fuel use in its goal subject buildings by 20.4 

percent, from 948.5 billion Btu to 755.4 billion 

Btu in FY 2006. 

Renewable Energy Use

In FY 2006, USPS reported using 4.0 billion Btu 

of renewable energy, equivalent to 0.02 percent of 

its facility electricity use. The total 4.0 billion Btu 

was self-generated. 

Self Generated Renewable Energy 

The USPS has working solar PV systems at Postal 

facilities in California and Rhode Island. Postal 

facilities in Oklahoma and Maryland are using 

geothermal heat pump technology to provide 

heating and cooling. Vendors participating in the 

Postal Service’s Shared Energy Savings (SES) 

program are tasked to identify candidate facilities 

for potential renewable energy projects. 

Investment in Energy Efficiency

In FY 2006, USPS invested $53.0 million in 

energy efficiency and renewable energy projects, 

8.7 percent of its total facility energy costs. Of this 

total, $34.9 million was funded directly by the 

agency and $18.1 million was financed through 

the USPS performance contracting vehicle, SES 

contracts. During FY 2006 USPS did not finance 

any projects with utility energy service contracts. 

In FY 2006, USPS awarded 17 SES contracts for 

$18.1 million in energy efficiency improvements, 

expected to save 96.1 billion Btu annually. 

Water Consumption 

In FY 2006, USPS reported using 5.4 billion 

gallons of water at a cost of $26.4 million. Total 

water used increased by 7.7 percent from FY 2005 

to FY 2006 and expenditures increased by 11.4 

percent during that period. In FY 2006, USPS 

utilized the SES program contractors to identify 

potential water conservation measures as part of 

bundled savings. USPS will continue its efforts to 

provide and support for water conservation efforts. 

Training 

In FY 2006, USPS reported training 100 energy 

managers at no cost. Individual training, education 

planning, and implementation are decentralized to 

the facility and supervisor/subordinate level. 

Postal employees are also encouraged to participate in the various educational and training 

opportunities presented by the Federal Energy 

Management Program. Energy training is integrated into broader training provided to employees 

with facility operation and maintenance responsibilities. For example, HVAC systems training 

covers energy efficiency aspects of such systems. 

These training programs are conducted at the 

USPS National Training Center. Furthermore, the 

Energy Management Program provided training 

the Area Energy Coordinators for specific needs. 

These included EPACT 2005 training and an 

earned value workshop. USPS also provided 

funding for energy managers and support staff to 

participate in the FEMP Energy 2006 Conference 

and the World Energy Conference in Washington 

DC. 

Energy Management Contact 

Ms. Julie F. Rios 

Executive Director, Energy Initiatives 

United States Postal Service 

475 L’Enfant Plaza S.W. Room 1P906 

Washington, D.C. 20260-0906 

Phone: 202-268-8989 

Fax: 202-268-6251 

E-Mail: julie.rios@usps.gov 

69 
APPENDIX A 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST DETAIL TABLES 

70 
TABLE A-1 

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FEDERAL AGENCIES

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoule

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY % Change 

AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 85-06 

USPS 51,668.1 59,961.0 72,178.0 89,381.4 86,142.5 85,320.9 83,069.4 84,553.5 86,044.2 81,239.3 5

DOE 98,876.9 90,859.5 88,840.8 72,041.6 72,338.7 72,682.0 76,923.3 73,854.2 71,457.5 74,808.5 -2

VA 43,456.9 44,918.6 47,827.9 50,557.0 52,945.1 53,074.2 56,164.9 55,729.1 56,612.2 55,386.5 2

GSA 47,235.8 40,780.8 36,626.3 42,409.1 42,969.5 42,297.8 43,220.8 43,057.0 43,535.2 43,254.7 -

DOJ 11,112.5 11,610.3 17,193.4 30,431.8 30,338.1 28,515.1 40,200.8 29,118.2 31,426.8 38,986.9 25

NASA 23,771.3 28,741.6 29,434.4 26,087.4 25,210.0 24,726.7 25,276.6 23,302.1 24,063.1 23,729.8 -

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,340.6 29,351.8 24,809.3 22,908.1 

HHS 10,501.4 13,188.5 12,189.6 15,255.5 16,078.3 15,903.6 19,660.0 17,033.8 18,732.6 16,636.0 5

DOI 11,596.7 10,969.3 10,552.2 12,041.4 14,497.5 12,999.8 14,317.8 14,206.3 14,018.0 13,784.4 1

USDA 12,266.6 14,620.4 14,324.3 12,365.5 12,096.6 11,622.1 14,375.2 12,056.6 12,821.3 11,758.9 -

DOT 28,959.2 28,666.3 28,971.2 41,018.6 32,503.7 30,707.3 13,522.3 12,897.4 12,200.4 11,272.2 -6

TVA 8,856.0 8,214.3 7,913.9 8,325.7 8,392.7 7,945.1 7,517.8 7,332.2 7,317.2 7,543.2 -1

TRSY 3,878.3 7,015.4 7,783.1 9,651.3 9,550.3 9,910.8 7,878.2 6,193.5 8,201.6 5,725.1 4

DOC 4,085.5 6,383.7 5,667.2 4,117.5 5,489.0 4,760.0 4,917.0 4,935.5 5,654.6 5,517.9 3

DOL 3,966.3 4,155.2 4,336.2 4,761.1 5,024.8 5,177.0 5,466.3 5,395.0 5,277.2 4,688.0 1

EPA 1,776.4 1,643.0 2,264.7 2,057.7 2,407.0 2,204.4 2,472.7 2,577.8 2,582.4 2,536.0 4

ST 717.3 868.5 1,342.3 7,631.9 6,503.0 1,669.3 1,799.9 2,130.9 2,395.6 2,401.7 23

NARA 0.0 215.9 1,546.3 1,293.8 1,323.6 1,249.0 1,336.4 1,296.0 1,549.0 1,472.7 

HUD 356.2 435.0 347.7 362.0 370.1 365.8 356.1 345.5 330.6 323.2 -

RRB 0.0 103.7 99.0 79.1 74.6 75.6 73.1 72.5 72.9 72.9 

OTHER* 2,250.4 5,271.6 7,003.9 8,081.3 7,955.1 10,064.2 6,092.7 5,379.3 5,503.6 4,731.0 11

Civilian Agencies Subtotal 365,331.7 417,307.9 396,442.6 437,950.8 432,210.4 421,270.7 448,982.0 430,818.5 434,605.2 428,777.0 1DOD 1,502,111.8 1,545,014.4 1,197,891.7 1,042,511.1 1,043,757.4 1,097,163.4 1,155,346.6 1,223,168.6 1,186,700.2 1,098,456.5 -2

Total 1,867,443.5 1,962,322.3 1,594,334.3 1,480,462.0 1,475,967.9 1,518,434.1 1,604,328.6 1,653,987.1 1,621,305.4 1,527,233.4 -1

MBOE 320.6 336.9 273.7 254.2 253.4 260.7 275.4 283.9 278.3 262.2 

Petajoule 1,970.1 2,070.2 1,682.0 1,561.8 1,557.1 1,601.9 1,692.4 1,744.9 1,710.4 1,611.2 

*Other includes, for certain years, CFTC, CIA, EEOC, FEMA, FTC, NSF, NRC, OPM, SSA, BBG/IBB, and FERC. 

Notes: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam. Agencies are listed in descending order oyear. Ellipses after fiscal year (1985. . .) indicate where intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. FY 2003 was the first year of Homeland Security. Significant declines in energy use were also evident in that year for agencies such as the Departments of Transportation and the Treasury whicnew Department. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

71 
TABLE A-2 

TOTAL SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FEDERAL AGENCIES 

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoule

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY % Change 

AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 85-06 

USPS 27,762.5 30,616.2 36,220.9 43,284.2 43,397.4 41,617.4 42,606.2 40,664.4 41,128.4 39,742.0 4

DOE 52,201.6 43,454.6 47,255.4 30,492.9 31,065.5 30,668.3 31,639.8 31,398.5 29,629.0 32,938.9 -3

VA 25,144.7 24,898.4 25,428.9 27,043.9 27,661.9 27,722.6 30,452.0 29,888.5 29,984.7 29,293.6 1

DOJ 8,176.0 6,961.6 10,193.3 19,693.0 19,681.9 17,692.4 22,686.4 17,544.4 18,752.3 23,506.5 18

GSA 20,721.1 16,995.5 13,671.8 17,632.3 18,415.8 17,473.9 18,524.2 18,291.6 18,430.3 18,160.1 -1

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,333.3 23,527.9 18,869.7 17,147.7 NASA 10,855.1 12,399.0 12,394.7 11,120.8 10,934.5 10,677.0 10,798.7 9,858.1 10,283.0 10,187.3 -HHS 5,953.5 7,119.0 6,129.7 7,952.5 8,541.0 7,999.8 10,139.0 8,761.5 9,595.6 9,257.6 5

DOI 7,816.3 7,391.9 6,378.4 7,845.9 9,504.5 8,224.9 8,246.4 8,742.6 8,577.5 8,137.4 

USDA 8,358.7 9,573.4 9,045.8 7,446.7 7,373.6 7,170.5 7,753.4 6,978.5 7,456.9 6,798.4 -1

DOT 19,568.0 18,965.2 18,688.7 21,215.6 17,810.2 18,256.8 5,617.9 5,159.4 4,952.9 4,616.9 -7

DOC 2,489.1 4,476.3 2,882.8 1,907.1 2,521.9 2,197.3 2,345.1 2,216.8 2,930.7 2,861.6 1

TVA 2,975.9 2,717.7 2,687.9 3,006.6 3,005.8 2,824.0 2,838.2 2,717.7 2,676.8 2,857.2 -

DOL 2,385.2 2,376.0 2,385.7 2,480.7 2,671.4 2,775.1 2,964.3 2,896.2 2,682.7 2,451.0 

TRSY 2,868.3 3,643.0 4,132.6 5,337.0 5,355.6 5,506.3 4,144.4 2,585.3 4,569.5 2,374.3 -1

ST 246.9 302.7 437.3 3,379.1 2,700.7 626.6 938.6 1,032.5 1,111.9 1,417.0 47EPA 904.5 747.0 1,120.5 1,038.1 1,228.3 1,094.5 1,397.5 1,421.3 1,416.9 1,390.5 5

NARA 0.0 81.9 792.2 544.6 573.9 529.2 578.6 565.5 685.2 637.7 

HUD 116.9 140.3 131.3 144.1 149.0 148.0 144.3 142.8 131.3 128.5 

RRB 0.0 46.5 40.1 36.2 36.0 36.4 36.0 35.4 34.0 34.5 

OTHER* 1,156.1 2,943.6 3,276.1 3,150.6 3,117.2 4,041.1 2,403.9 2,093.6 2,109.4 1,874.9 6

Civilian Agencies Subtotal 199,700.5 195,849.7 203,294.2 214,752.0 215,746.1 207,281.9 224,588.2 216,522.4 216,008.8 215,813.6 

DOD 1,250,613.8 1,241,655.8 926,022.9 779,055.2 787,216.4 837,525.4 901,449.3 960,668.6 933,162.0 843,707.9 -3

Total 1,450,314.3 1,437,505.5 1,129,317.1 993,807.2 1,002,962.5 1,044,807.3 1,126,037.5 1,177,191.0 1,149,170.8 1,059,521.5 -2

MBOE 249.0 246.8 193.9 170.6 172.2 179.4 193.3 202.1 197.3 181.9 

Petajoule 1,530.0 1,516.5 1,191.4 1,048.4 1,058.1 1,102.2 1,187.9 1,241.9 1,212.3 1,117.8 

*Other includes, for certain years, CFTC, CIA, EEOC, FEMA, FTC, NSF, NRC, OPM, SSA, BBG/IBB, and FERC. Notes: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,000 Btu per pound of steam. Agencies are listed in descending order of year. Ellipses after fiscal year (1985. . .) indicate where intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. FY 2003 was the first year 

of Homeland Security. Significant declines in energy use were also evident in that year for agencies such as the Departments of Transportation and the Treasury whicnew Department. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

72 
TABLE A-3 

SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN FEDERAL GOAL BUILDINGS

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoule

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY % Change 

AGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 85-06 

VA 24,552.0 24,380.1 25,075.4 26,120.6 26,748.3 26,866.2 29,278.0 28,854.2 28,692.6 28,182.8 1

USPS 16,238.3 18,480.0 21,649.7 25,238.3 24,974.3 23,671.1 23,968.6 23,388.2 23,423.7 22,230.5 3

DOJ 6,112.0 4,863.8 7,011.7 10,236.8 10,643.9 10,386.5 16,410.0 12,982.7 14,018.8 17,790.2 19

DOE 35,595.2 33,118.6 30,679.0 24,013.4 23,446.4 24,263.8 25,712.3 23,614.0 22,635.7 21,525.4 -3

GSA 20,012.4 16,867.4 13,580.5 16,821.8 17,824.4 16,890.2 14,091.8 17,586.9 17,498.8 13,074.5 -3

NASA 7,256.4 8,523.9 8,281.8 7,849.2 7,832.2 7,613.6 6,850.5 7,138.0 7,739.5 6,347.7 -1

DOI 4,762.4 4,039.4 3,596.3 4,006.6 4,692.2 4,916.0 5,095.2 5,965.0 5,234.7 5,034.3 

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,747.6 4,680.7 4,407.2 4,092.4 

DOL 2,153.0 2,137.1 2,028.8 2,111.8 2,312.5 2,411.8 2,566.9 2,499.0 2,261.3 2,077.6 -

USDA 4,039.1 4,621.1 4,224.1 4,421.0 4,897.5 4,626.9 5,376.8 4,470.4 4,734.9 4,326.9 

TRSY 713.4 2,169.8 2,359.2 2,833.7 2,777.8 2,628.0 2,288.2 2,274.7 2,194.6 1,986.9 17EPA 772.3 747.0 1,020.9 940.3 1,118.3 979.7 1,264.4 1,311.2 1,310.3 1,252.5 6

DOT 4,614.5 3,750.4 3,669.1 3,716.4 3,913.8 3,971.4 721.6 713.8 676.8 643.6 -8

NARA 0.0 81.9 792.2 544.6 573.9 529.2 508.1 565.5 685.2 637.7 TVA 526.4 540.1 829.1 702.8 702.6 640.1 641.9 634.7 617.0 593.8 1ST 232.2 267.8 92.9 152.9 123.2 245.5 494.5 323.8 337.5 513.7 12

DOC 1,478.9 1,376.0 2,122.2 1,752.8 1,926.0 1,837.3 1,968.5 2,085.7 2,035.9 1,974.1 3

HHS 5,580.3 7,119.0 6,024.2 7,351.0 7,817.4 7,813.1 9,566.6 8,418.8 9,068.3 8,910.0 5

HUD 116.9 140.3 105.9 106.3 115.6 109.9 112.9 110.2 106.6 95.5 -1

RRB 0.0 46.5 40.1 36.2 36.0 36.4 36.0 35.4 34.0 34.5 

OTHER* 574.0 2,211.2 2,283.2 3,105.2 3,068.5 3,982.3 1,344.8 1,092.4 1,136.7 1,047.1 8

Civilian Agencies Subtotal 135,329.7 146,655.5 135,466.3 142,061.7 145,544.9 144,419.1 153,045.1 148,745.3 148,850.0 142,371.9 

DOD 359,933.9 360,310.7 285,129.5 243,246.0 240,178.0 234,774.5 222,838.5 226,850.8 225,632.8 210,558.7 -4

Total 495,263.6 506,966.2 420,595.8 385,307.7 385,722.9 379,193.7 375,883.6 375,596.1 374,482.8 352,930.6 -2

MBOE 85.0 87.0 72.2 66.1 66.2 65.1 64.5 64.5 64.3 60.6 

Petajoules 522.5 534.8 443.7 406.5 406.9 400.0 396.5 396.2 395.1 372.3 

*Other includes for certain years CIA, FEMA, FTC, NSF, NRC, OPM, SSA, BBG/IBB, and FERC. Notes: Ellipses after fiscal year (1985. . .) indicate where intervening years’ data are left off the table, but available upon request from FEMP. FY 2003 was the first yeDepartment of Homeland Security. Significant declines in energy use were also evident in that year for agencies such as the Departments of Transportation and the Tfunctions to the new Department. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

73 
 

 

TABLE A-4 

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF FEDERAL GOAL BUILDINGS ENERGY BY FUEL
 

TYPE IN FY 2006, FY 2005, AND FY 2003 

(Constant 2006 Dollars) 

ENERGY TYPE COST COST/ COST PER
 

BILLION BTU (MILLION $) MILLION BTU PHYSICAL UNIT
 

2006 

ELECTRICITY 163,925.7 $3,725.634 $22.73 $77.55 /MWH 

FUEL OIL 30,022.5 $408.228 $13.60 $1.89 /Gallon 

NATURAL GAS 120,132.0 $1,247.919 $10.39 $10.71 /Thou. Cubic. Ft. 

LPG/PROPANE 2,561.3 $39.258 $15.33 $1.46 /Gallon 

COAL 19,214.2 $61.007 $3.18 $78.04 /Short Ton 

PURCHASED STEAM 14,364.9 $289.313 $20.14 $20.14 /MMBtu 

OTHER 2,710.0 $40.015 $14.77 $14.77 /MMBtu 

TOTAL 352,930.6 $5,811.374 

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $16.466 

2005 

ELECTRICITY 171,092.6 $3,588.11 $20.30 $69.27 /MWH 

FUEL OIL 31,986.0 $306.51 $9.28 $1.29 /Gallon 

NATURAL GAS 128,866.6 $1,099.82 $8.26 $8.52 /Thou. Cubic. Ft. 

LPG/PROPANE 3,295.8 $40.87 $12.01 $1.15 /Gallon 

COAL 16,999.8 $50.56 $2.88 $70.76 /Short Ton 

PURCHASED STEAM 16,066.4 $173.40 $10.45 $10.45 /MMBtu 

OTHER 6,175.6 $90.20 $14.14 $14.14 /MMBtu 

TOTAL 374,482.8 $5,349.481 

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $14.285 

2003 

ELECTRICITY 169,512.1 $3,310.70 $17.62 $60.11 /MWH 

FUEL OIL 39,799.5 $257.75 $5.84 $0.81 /Gallon 

NATURAL GAS 125,561.1 $822.63 $5.91 $6.09 /Thou. Cubic. Ft. 

LPG/PROPANE 3,230.2 $35.98 $10.05 $0.96 /Gallon 

COAL 17,317.7 $46.87 $2.44 $60.00 /Short Ton 

PURCHASED STEAM 17,352.5 $219.35 $11.40 $11.40 /MMBtu 

OTHER 3,110.5 $43.50 $12.61 $12.61 /MMBtu 

TOTAL 375,883.6 $4,736.776 

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $12.602 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. 

 Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

74 
 

 

TABLE A-5 

ENERGY CONSUMPTION, COSTS, AND GROSS SQUARE FOOTAGE OF FEDERAL
 

GOAL-EXCLUDED BUILDINGS, FY 2006
 

Energy Consumption Energy Costs Facility Gross Square Feet 

Agency Billion Btu % of Agency's Total 

Facility Use ($ Million) % of Agency's Total 

Facility Costs (Thou. Sq. Ft.) % of Agency's Total Facility Space 

DOD 12,794.8 5.7% $246.604 7.1% 69,462.0 3.5% 

DOE 10,024.5 31.8% $106.229 28.2% 20,722.5 18.8% 

GSA 5,031.0 27.8% $92.206 22.9% 33,211.2 15.6% 

DOT 2,938.1 82.0% $92.671 85.1% 20,293.1 73.8% 

NASA 2,865.7 31.1% $43.603 28.6% 7,374.7 19.0% 

USPS 2,120.6 8.7% $64.636 10.6% 0.0 0.0% 

TVA 1,304.6 68.7% $19.432 65.7% 19,421.7 67.2% 

USIA 664.3 100.0% $15.163 100.0% 962.5 100.0% 

DHS 103.4 2.5% $1.862 1.5% 671.5 1.6% 

HHS 32.8 0.4% $0.996 0.7% 1,984.8 6.5% 

DOC 20.5 1.03% $0.579 1.21% 26.0 0.2% 

TRSY 0.7 0.04% $0.012 0.03% 0.0 0.0% 

Total 37,901.0 NA $683.992 NA 174,130.0 NA 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

TABLE A-6 

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF FEDERAL GOAL-EXCLUDED BUILDINGS
 

BY FUEL TYPE FY 2006 

ENERGY TYPE COST COST/ COST PER
 

BILLION BTU (MILLION $) MILLION BTU PHYSICAL UNIT
 

ELECTRICITY 22,815.5 $544.821 $23.88 $81.48 /MWH
 

FUEL OIL 1,824.7 $21.826 $11.96 $1.66 /Gallon
 

NATURAL GAS 8,169.1 $98.850 $12.10 $12.48 /Thou. Cubic. Ft.
 

LPG/PROPANE 39.4 $0.648 $16.45 $1.57 /Gallon
 

COAL 4,240.1 $7.225 $1.70 $41.89 /Short Ton
 

PURCHASED STEAM 748.1 $9.574 $12.80 $12.80 /MMBtu
 

OTHER 64.0 $1.049 $16.39 $16.39 /MMBtu
 

TOTAL 37,901.0 $683.992 

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $18.047 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent 

rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

75 
TABLE A-7 

FEDERAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT OPERATIO

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoule

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY % CHAGENCY 1985. . . 1990. . . 1995. . . 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 8

USPS 11,524.2 12,136.2 14,571.2 15,976.3 16,192.1 15,831.8 17,173.5 15,821.0 16,215.4 15,391.0 

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,583.9 18,837.1 14,454.8 12,951.9 

DOJ 2,064.0 2,097.9 3,181.6 9,456.3 9,037.9 7,305.9 6,276.4 4,561.7 4,733.6 5,716.3 

DOI 3,053.9 3,352.5 2,782.2 3,839.3 4,812.3 3,308.9 3,151.2 2,777.6 3,342.8 3,103.1 

USDA 4,319.6 4,952.3 4,821.7 3,025.7 2,476.2 2,543.5 2,376.6 2,508.0 2,722.0 2,471.4 

DOE 2,882.0 2,520.4 1,841.9 1,803.4 1,714.4 1,587.0 1,417.1 2,736.6 2,015.2 1,389.0 

VA 592.8 518.3 353.6 923.4 913.6 856.4 1,174.0 1,034.2 1,292.0 1,110.8 

DOT 11,957.0 12,150.8 12,193.7 11,122.9 8,739.3 10,865.9 1,476.3 1,146.8 1,098.2 1,035.2 

NASA 1,972.7 1,736.7 1,750.9 1,490.1 1,455.1 1,372.2 982.8 1,263.1 1,104.2 974.0 

TVA 578.5 476.6 541.7 850.1 822.3 747.9 942.3 845.3 794.4 958.7 

ST 14.8 34.9 0.0 486.4 37.1 49.4 444.2 451.7 449.0 903.3 DOC 1,010.2 3,100.3 760.6 154.3 595.8 360.0 360.0 131.1 894.8 867.1 

TRSY 2,155.0 1,473.2 1,773.4 2,503.3 2,577.8 2,878.3 1,856.3 310.5 2,374.8 386.7 

DOL 232.2 239.0 356.9 368.9 358.9 363.3 397.4 397.2 421.3 373.3 

HHS 373.3 0.0 105.5 593.2 715.2 178.5 572.4 335.1 500.5 314.7 

EPA 132.3 0.0 99.6 97.9 110.0 114.8 133.1 110.1 106.6 138.0 GSA 144.1 128.1 91.3 127.0 112.7 74.9 80.3 49.2 71.7 54.6 

HUD 0.0 0.0 25.4 37.8 33.4 38.0 31.4 32.6 24.7 33.0 

OTHER* 582.1 732.4 992.9 45.3 48.8 58.8 30.7 57.3 62.0 163.4 

Civilian Agencies Subtotal 43,588.5 45,649.7 46,244.1 52,901.5 50,753.0 48,535.5 52,459.7 53,406.1 52,678.1 48,335.5 

DOD 890,679.9 881,345.1 640,893.4 526,234.1 537,168.4 593,506.3 662,116.2 723,008.8 698,547.6 620,354.4 

Total 934,268.4 926,994.8 687,137.4 579,135.6 587,921.5 642,041.8 714,575.9 776,414.9 751,225.7 668,689.9 

MBOE 160.4 159.1 118.0 99.4 100.9 110.2 122.7 133.3 129.0 114.8 Petajoule 985.6 977.9 724.9 611.0 620.2 677.3 753.9 819.1 792.5 705.4 

Data a

*Other includes for certain years the CFTC, CIA, FEMA, NSF, NRC, OPM, and BBG/IBB.Note: Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports

76 
 

TABLE A-8 

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT ENERGY
 

BY FUEL TYPE IN FY 2006 

ENERGY TYPE COST COST/ COST PER 

BILLION BTU (MILLION $) MILLION BTU PHYSICAL UNIT 

AUTO GASOLINE 47,778.9 $953.254 $19.95 $2.49 /Gallon 

DIST/DIESEL 76,449.0 $1,120.818 $14.66 $2.03 /Gallon 

LPG/PROPANE 58.4 $1.189 $20.38 $1.95 /Gallon 

AVIATION GASOLINE 606.4 $12.337 $20.34 $2.54 /Gallon 

JET FUEL 442,614.2 $7,972.628 $18.01 $2.34 /Gallon 

NAVY SPECIAL 99,129.3 $1,129.068 $11.39 $1.58 /Gallon 

OTHER 2,053.8 $39.441 $19.20 $19.20 /MMBtu 

TOTAL 668,689.9 $11,228.736 

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $16.792 

Data as of 26 Sept 2007 

Note: Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports 

77 
TABLE A-9 

FEDERAL ENERGY EXPENDITURES, FY 1985–FY 2006
 

(Constant 2006 Dollars)
 

Sector/ 

Fiscal 

Year 

Annual 

Energy Use 

(BBtu) 

Annual 

Energy Cost 

($ Million) 

Annual 

Energy Cost 

($/MMBtu) 

Change in Energy 

Costs from 1985 

($ Million)1 

Goal-Subject Buildings 

1985 495,263.6 $7,969.204 $16.091 $0.000 

1986 464,032.4 

1987 490,272.3 

$7,218.947 

$7,157.799 

$15.557 

$14.600 

-$750.257 

-$811.405 

1988 496,119.2 $6,953.403 $14.016 -$1,015.801 

1989 489,915.9 

1990 506,966.2 

$6,335.466 

$7,188.449 

$12.932 

$14.179 

-$1,633.738 

-$780.754 

1991 473,518.0 $7,035.854 $14.859 -$933.350 

1992 494,091.4 

1993 457,456.5 

$6,812.554 

$6,616.755 

$13.788 

$14.464 

-$1,156.650 

-$1,352.449 

1994 439,868.6 $6,233.991 $14.172 -$1,735.213 

1995 420,595.8 

1996 412,191.8 

$5,771.942 

$5,601.456 

$13.723 

$13.589 

-$2,197.262 

-$2,367.748 

1997 401,729.1 $5,264.862 $13.106 -$2,704.342 

1998 394,158.8 

1999 383,326.8 

$4,920.572 

$4,588.519 

$12.484 

$11.970 

-$3,048.632 

-$3,380.684 

2000 385,307.7 $4,515.977 $11.720 -$3,453.227 

2001 385,722.9 

2002 379,193.7 

$5,234.491 

$4,857.764 

$13.571 

$12.811 

-$2,734.713 

-$3,111.440 

2003 375,883.6 $4,736.776 $12.602 -$3,232.428 

2004 375,596.1 

2005 374,482.8 

$4,999.060 

$5,349.481 

$13.310 

$14.285 

-$2,970.144 

-$2,619.722 

2006 352,930.6 $5,811.374 $16.466 -$2,157.830 

Vehicles & Equipment 

1985 934,268.4 $11,440.547 $12.245 $0.000 

1986 924,833.7 

1987 958,904.3 

$6,843.539 

$7,228.697 

$7.400 

$7.538 

-$4,597.008 

-$4,211.851 

1988 846,896.2 $6,799.323 $8.029 -$4,641.224 

1989 959,994.6 

1990 926,994.8 

$7,660.923 

$8,457.189 

$7.980 

$9.123 

-$3,779.624 

-$2,983.358 

1991 970,454.3 $10,842.444 $11.173 -$598.103 

1992 783,122.4 

1993 772,633.8 

$6,390.683 

$6,711.338 

$8.161 

$8.686 

-$5,049.864 

-$4,729.209 

1994 722,790.5 $4,739.643 $6.557 -$6,700.904 

1995 687,137.4 

1996 675,111.5 

$4,867.886 

$4,696.440 

$7.084 

$6.957 

-$6,572.661 

-$6,744.107 

1997 665,386.0 $5,290.350 $7.951 -$6,150.197 

1998 627,339.2 

1999 607,527.2 

$5,468.099 

$4,707.046 

$8.716 

$7.748 

-$5,972.448 

-$6,733.501 

2000 579,135.6 $3,734.005 $6.448 -$7,706.543 

2001 587,921.5 

2002 642,041.8 

$5,365.824 

$5,710.195 

$9.127 

$8.894 

-$6,074.723 

-$5,730.352 

2003 714,575.9 $5,405.511 $7.565 -$6,035.036 

2004 776,414.9 

2005 751,225.7 

$6,573.570 

$9,168.713 

$8.467 

$12.205 

-$4,866.977 

-$2,271.834 

2006 668,689.9 $11,228.736 $16.792 -$211.811 

Sector/ 

Fiscal 

Year 

Annual 

Energy Use 

(BBtu) 

Annual 

Energy Cost 

($ Million) 

Annual 

Energy Cost 

($/MMBtu) 

Change in Energy 

Costs from 1985 

($ Million)1 

Excluded Facilities 

1985 20,782.4 $366.791 $17.649 $0.000 

1986 17,835.0 

1987 17,145.0 

$292.515 

$276.448 

$16.401 

$16.124 

-$74.275 

-$90.343 

1988 17,295.9 $266.545 $15.411 -$100.246 

1989 14,766.8 

1990 14,719.0 

$254.075 

$293.732 

$17.206 

$19.956 

-$112.715 

-$73.059 

1991 17,769.1 $350.264 $19.712 -$16.527 

1992 17,588.8 

1993 16,706.3 

$285.594 

$269.312 

$16.237 

$16.120 

-$81.196 

-$97.478 

1994 15,561.6 $272.602 $17.518 -$94.189 

1995 21,583.8 

1996 21,160.6 

$243.439 

$250.664 

$11.279 

$11.846 

-$123.352 

-$116.126 

1997 24,864.5 $352.865 $14.192 -$13.926 

1998 16,385.6 

1999 20,780.4 

$300.083 

$287.952 

$18.314 

$13.857 

-$66.707 

-$78.839 

2000 29,363.9 $448.833 $15.285 $82.042 

2001 29,318.2 

2002 23,571.9 

$525.450 

$462.045 

$17.922 

$19.602 

$158.660 

$95.255 

2003 35,578.1 $576.208 $16.196 $209.418 

2004 25,180.1 

2005 23,462.4 

$428.974 

$437.189 

$17.036 

$18.634 

$62.184 

$70.398 

2006 37,901.0 $683.992 $18.047 $317.202 

Total Energy - All Sectors 

1985 1,450,314.4 $19,776.542 $13.636 $0.000 

1986 1,406,701.1 

1987 1,466,321.6 

$14,355.002 

$14,662.944 

$10.205 

$10.000 

-$5,421.540 

-$5,113.598 

1988 1,360,311.3 $14,019.271 $10.306 -$5,757.271 

1989 1,464,677.3 

1990 1,448,680.0 

$14,250.464 

$15,939.371 

$9.729 

$11.003 

-$5,526.077 

-$3,837.171 

1991 1,461,741.4 $18,228.561 $12.470 -$1,547.980 

1992 1,294,802.6 

1993 1,246,796.6 

$13,488.830 

$13,597.405 

$10.418 

$10.906 

-$6,287.711 

-$6,179.137 

1994 1,178,220.7 $11,246.236 $9.545 -$8,530.305 

1995 1,129,317.0 

1996 1,108,463.9 

$10,883.267 

$10,548.560 

$9.637 

$9.516 

-$8,893.274 

-$9,227.981 

1997 1,091,979.6 $10,908.077 $9.989 -$8,868.464 

1998 1,037,883.6 

1999 1,011,634.4 

$10,688.754 

$9,583.517 

$10.299 

$9.473 

-$9,087.787 

-$10,193.025 

2000 993,807.2 $8,698.814 $8.753 -$11,077.728 

2001 1,002,962.6 

2002 1,044,807.4 

$11,125.766 

$11,030.005 

$11.093 

$10.557 

-$8,650.776 

-$8,746.537 

2003 1,126,037.6 $10,718.495 $9.519 -$9,058.046 

2004 1,177,191.1 

2005 1,149,170.9 

$12,001.604 

$14,955.383 

$10.195 

$13.014 

-$7,774.937 

-$4,821.158 

2006 1,059,521.5 $17,724.103 $16.728 -$2,052.439 

1Changes in energy costs from 1985 should not be construed as savings resulting from Federal energy management activities. Many 

variables contribute to fluctuations in annual energy costs, including changes in square footage, building stock, weather, energy efficiency 

investments, service level, fuel mix, fuel prices, and vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet composition. This table incorporates revisions to 

previously published energy consumption and cost data submitted to DOE by Federal agencies. 

78 
APPENDIX B 

DATA COLLECTION AND CARBON CALCULATIONS 

79 
 

 

 

APPENDIX B
 

DATA COLLECTION 

Buildings and Facilities 

The Federal agencies that own or control buildings are required to report the energy consumption 

in these buildings to FEMP by January 1 after the end of each fiscal year. The General Services 

Administration (GSA) reports the energy of buildings it owns and operates, including usage by 

other Federal agency occupants. For agencies which have been delegated authority by GSA to 

enter into contracts for energy and utility services, the individual agencies are responsible for 

reporting the energy consumption and square footage figures. 

The data shown in this report do not include leased space in buildings where the energy costs are 

a part of the rent and the Federal agency involved has no control over the building’s energy 

management. 

The Federal agencies submit their annual reports expressed in the following units: 

megawatthours of electricity; thousands of gallons of fuel oil; thousands of cubic feet of natural 

gas; thousands of gallons of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and propane; short tons of coal; 

billions of Btu of purchased steam; and billions of Btu of “other.” DOE reviews this data for 

accuracy and confers with the submitting agency to clarify any apparent anomalies. The data are 

then entered into a computer database management program. 

The tables shown in this annual report are expressed in billions of Btu derived from the 

following conversion factors: 

 Electricity - 3,412 Btu/kilowatt hour 

 Fuel Oil - 138,700 Btu/gallon 

Natural Gas - 1,031 Btu/cubic foot

 LPG/Propane - 95,500 Btu/gallon 

Coal - 24,580,000 Btu/short ton 

Purchased Steam - 1,000 Btu/pound 

The above conversion factors for electricity and purchased steam refer to site-delivered energy 

(or heat content) and do not account for energy consumed in the production and delivery of 

energy products. Table 6 of this report accounts for primary energy use, which is the sum of the 

energy directly consumed by end users (site energy) and the source energy consumed in the 

production and delivery of energy products. Using 2002 data from EIA, a blended heat rate of 

10,191 Btu/kWh was calculated for fossil and nuclear steam-electric plants. In addition to 

conversion losses, transmission and distribution losses (9 percent) and power plant use (5 

percent) are also factored into the delivered heat content, resulting in a total source energy input 

for electricity of 11,850 Btu/kWh. DOE uses this conversion factor to calculate primary energy 

use for electricity and 1,390 Btu per pound for purchased steam. 

In addition, the Federal agencies annually report to FEMP the gross square footage of their 

buildings and the cost of their buildings’ energy. 

80 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vehicles and Equipment 

Federal agencies are required to report the energy consumption of their fleet vehicles through 

DOE’s Federal Automotive Statistical Tool (FAST) no later than November 1 after the end of 

each fiscal year. Energy consumption in other types of equipment not reported through FAST is 

required to be reported to FEMP by January 1 after the end of each fiscal year. 

The fuels used in vehicles and equipment are automotive gasoline, diesel and petroleum distillate 

fuels, aviation gasoline, jet fuel, navy special, liquefied petroleum gas/propane, and “other.” All 

the fuels in this category with the exception of “other” are reported in thousands of gallons. 

“Other” is reported in billions of Btu. 

The conversion factors for these fuels are: 

Gasoline - 125,000 Btu/gallon
 

Diesel-Distillate - 138,700 Btu/gallon
 

Aviation Gasoline - 125,000 Btu/gallon
 

Jet Fuel - 130,000 Btu/gallon
 

Navy Special - 138,700 Btu/gallon
 

LPG/Propane - 95,500 Btu/gallon
 

This report excludes those agencies that have been unable to provide complete fiscal year 

consumption data prior to the publication date. All agency omissions, as well as any anomalies 

in the data, are indicated by footnotes on the tables or in the text of the report 

81 
 

 

ESTIMATING THE CARBON DIOXIDE-EQUIVALENT EMISSIONS OF CARBON 

DIOXIDE, METHANE, AND NITROUS OXIDE FROM FEDERAL FACILITY 

ENERGY USE 

Executive Order 13423, “Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation 

Management,” defines greenhouse gases as “carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, 

hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.” While the Order does not 

contain a quantitative goal for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the Department of Energy’s 

Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) will continue to estimate emissions from energy 

use in Federal buildings subject to the goals of E.O. 13423. 

Formerly, FEMP only reported on the carbon-equivalent emissions of carbon dioxide attributed 

to facility energy use. In light of E.O. 13423’s new definition, this new methodology was 

developed for generating estimates of non-carbon dioxide emissions using the energy 

consumption data that is reported to FEMP. Existing means were identified and adopted that 

allow the use of currently-reported data to generate, in terms of carbon dioxide-equivalence, 

emissions estimates for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O).9

 In 

another change from previous reporting, these estimates will now be reported in units of metric 

tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2E) rather than metric tons of carbon equivalent 

(MTCOE) 

Emission Factors 

To calculate the carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions of gases, fuel-to-gas specific emission 

factors from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) are used for all fuels except electricity 

and purchased steam.10 These fuel-to-gas specific emission factors are couched in terms of: 

• Million metric tons of carbon per quadrillion Btu (for CO2) 

• Grams per gigajoule (for CH4) 

• Kilograms per terajoule (for N2O) 

The Energy Information Administration provides five emission factors for coal; these emission 

factors differ depending upon the industrial sector in which the coal is consumed. The 

‘Commercial’ emission factor for coal is used in this methodology.11 

9

 An examination of GHG sources was conducted to identify those sources whose emissions can be directly tied to
 

primary energy or electricity consumption. This examination indicated that there is no rigorous means to estimate 

hydrofluorocarbon, perfluorocarbon, or sulfur hexafluoride emissions based solely upon the data reported by
 

agencies; these emissions are not related in any meaningful way to primary energy or electricity consumption. Thus, 

calculations are made only for CO2, CH4, and N2O. 10 Energy Information Administration. Documentation for Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States
 

2004. December 2006. DOE/EIA-0638 (2004). Table 2-13 (CH4), Table 3-6 (N2O), Table 6-1 (CO2/C) 

Available at http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/ggrpt/documentation/pdf/0638(2004).pdf. 11 Energy Information Administration. Form EIA-6A (March 2005), Coal Distribution Report – Annual.
 

“Residential/Commercial (RC): Housing units; wholesale or retail businesses (except coal wholesale dealers); health
 

institutions (hospitals); social and educational institutions (schools and universities); and Federal, State, and local 

governments (military installations, prisons, office buildings, etc.). Exclude shipments to Federal power projects, 

such as TVA; and rural electrification cooperatives, power districts, and State power projects. These are to be 

included in Electric Generation (EG).” Available at http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/surveys/formeia6.pdf. 

82 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Global Warming Potentials 

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has developed a methodology that 

allows for emissions of all greenhouse gases to be expressed in units of carbon dioxideequivalence. This methodology is based upon the Global Warming Potential of a particular gas. 

According to the Environmental Protection Agency: 

“The concept of a Global Warming Potential (GWP) was developed to compare 

the ability of each greenhouse gas to trap heat in the atmosphere relative to 

another gas. The definition of a GWP for a particular greenhouse gas is the ratio 

of heat trapped by one unit mass of the greenhouse gas to that of one unit mass of 

CO2 over a specified time period.”12 

The carbon dioxide-equivalent calculations utilize IPCC-generated global warming potentials as 

follows: 

• Carbon dioxide has a GWP of 1. 

• Methane (CH4) has a GWP of 21. 

• Nitrous oxide (N2O) has a GWP of 310.13 

Calculating Fuel Specific CO2-Equivalent Emission Coefficients

The calculation of fuel specific carbon dioxide-equivalent emission coefficient can be 

generically expressed as follows: 

CO2-equivalent emission = EIA emission factor x (unit conversions) x GWP 

Fuel-specific calculations of carbon dioxide-equivalent emission coefficients are shown below. 

Calculations for Fuel Oil, Natural Gas, LPG/Propane, and Coal Emission Coefficients 

The emission coefficients for fuel oil, natural gas, LPG/propane, and coal presented in the table 

are calculated from emissions coefficients found in the Energy Information Administration’s 

Documentation for Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2004.

14 The 

calculations are as follows; original EIA coefficient units in the equations are shown in bold. 

CO2 estimates (in terms of metric tons of CO2-equivalent per billion Btu) are calculated as 

follows from data found in Table 6-1 of EIA’s Documentation. The EIA reports CO2 emissions 

in terms of million metric tons of carbon per quadrillion Btu; thus, to convert to metric tons of 

CO2-equivalent per billion Btu, it is necessary to divide by 12/44 to account for the full 

molecular weight of carbon dioxide (12/44 is the ratio of the atomic mass of a carbon atom to the 

atomic mass of a carbon dioxide molecule). 

12 Environmental Protection Agency. “High GWP Gases and Climate Change” webpage. Available at 

http://www.epa.gov/highgwp/scientific.html#sf6

13 Environmental Protection Agency. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2005. Draft 

for Public Review. Table ES-1. 

Available at http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/usinventoryreport07.html 14 Energy Information Administration. Documentation for Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 

2004. December 2006. DOE/EIA-0638 (2004). Available at 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/ggrpt/documentation/pdf/0638(2004).pdf 

83 
_ _ 

 

 

 

 

 

 

44 

21 

MTCE 

BBtu 

=

⎛

⎜

⎝

million_MT C 

Quad 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

MTCE 

.000001 million MTC 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

×

1 Quad ( ) 12 

1 

_ 

× × /

1, 000 , 000 _ BBtu

CH4 estimates (in terms of metric tons of carbon equivalent per billion Btu) are calculated as 

follows from data found in Table 2-13 of EIA’s Documentation: 

MTCE 

BBtu 

=

⎛

⎜

⎝

gCH4 

GJ 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

1 _ MT 

1,000,000g 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

× ( ) 1000 _ GJ 

TJ 

1 _ TJ 

947,817,120 _ Btu 

1,000,000,000 _ Btu 

1 _ BBtu 

× × × ×

N2O estimates (in terms of metric tons of carbon equivalent per billion Btu) are calculated as 

follows from data found in Table 3-6 of EIA’s Documentation: 

MTCE 

BBtu 

=

⎛

⎜

⎝

kg N2O 

TJ 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

1,000 ,000 ,000 Btu 

1 _ BBtu

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

× ( ) 310 

1 _ TJ 1 _ MT

× × ×

947 ,817 ,120 _ Btu 1, 000 _ kg

Calculations for Electricity and Purchased Steam Emission Coefficients 

The Energy Information Administration does not publish, in its Documentation, CO2 emissions 

coefficients for electricity or purchased steam. 

The CO2 emission coefficient for electricity is calculated by dividing CO2 emissions from 

electric power plants by the amount of electricity they sell. This accounts for the primary energy 

inputs for electricity delivered to the customer site. CO2 emissions and electricity sales data are 

obtained from the Energy Information Administration’s Electric Power Annual.

15 

⎞

⎠
 

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟

CH4 emission coefficient for electricity is calculated from EIA data as follows:16 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

MT kWh Btu CO2 MTCE 1 1,000 ,000 ,000 1 MWh _ _ = × × ×

BBtu 1000 kWh MWh 3, 412 Btu 1 BBtu _ _ _ 

⎞

⎠
 

⎞

⎠

⎟ ⎟

N2O emission coefficient for electricity is calculated from EIA data as follows:17 

15 For CO2 emissions, see the EIA’s “Emissions from Energy Consumption for Electricity Production and Useful 

Thermal Output at Combined-Heat-and-Power Plants” webpage (available at 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epa/epat5p1.html). 

For electricity sales data, see “Direct Use and Retail Sales of Electricity to Ultimate Customers by Sector, by 

Provider” webpage (available at http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epa/epat7p2.html). 

3,412 Btu/kWh is an EIA standard, as per www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/txt/stb1306.xls) 16 Energy Information Administration. Updated State-level Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficients for Electricity 

Generation, 1998-2000. Available at http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/environment/e-supdoc-u.pdf 17 Energy Information Administration. Updated State-level Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficients for Electricity 

Generation, 1998-2000. Available at http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/environment/e-supdoc-u.pdf 

⎛

⎜

⎝

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎞

⎟

⎠
 

⎛

⎜

⎝
 

lbs kWh Btu MT CH4 1 _ 1,000,000,000 1 _ ( ) 21 

MTCE 1 _ MWh = × × × × ×

BBtu 1000 kWh MWh 3,412 Btu 1 _ BBtu 2204.6 lbs _ _ _ 

84 
 

 

MTCE ⎛lbsN2O ⎞ 1 _ MWh ⎞ 1 _ kWh ⎞ ⎛ 1,000,000,000Btu ⎞ ⎛ 1 _ MT ⎞ = ⎜ ⎟ × ⎛

⎜ ⎟ ×

⎛

⎜ ⎟ × ⎜ ⎟ × ⎜ ⎟ × ( ) 310 

BBtu ⎝ MWh ⎠ ⎝ 1000 _ kWh ⎠ ⎝ 3,412 _ Btu ⎠ ⎝ 1 _ BBtu ⎠ ⎝ 2204.6 _ lbs ⎠

The electricity emission coefficients are national averages, since agencies do not report their 

consumption broken out by state. This approach therefore assumes that the Government’s 

electricity consumption is distributed according to national electricity use overall. 

Because of mismatches in when generation and emissions data are available from EIA and when 

FEMP reports are produced, year-old emissions data are used (2006 emissions are calculated 

using 2005 coefficients). This is unlikely to generate large discrepancies in the emission 

estimates for agencies. Since 2000, calculated electricity coefficients have varied less than 1 

percent year to year. 

This methodology assumes that purchased steam is generated from the consumption of coal, and 

using FEMP’s historical conversion factor, that the production-to-delivery chain is 72 percent 

efficient (that is, in order to deliver 1,000 Btu per pound of steam to an end-user, 1,390 Btu of 

heat input is necessary at the plant). Thus, to arrive at the emission coefficient for purchased 

steam, the EIA emission coefficients for CO2, CH4, and N2O for coal are multiplied by 1.39. 

Carbon Dioxide-Equivalent Emission Coefficients 

The results of the above calculations are presented in the following table in terms of metric tons 

of CO2-equivalent per billion Btu of site-delivered energy use. 

Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide Total GHG 

(MTCO2E/ (MTCO2E/ (MTCO2E/ (MTCO2E/ 

Energy Type Site-Delivered Site-Delivered Site-Delivered Site-Delivered 

Billion Btu) Billion Btu) Billion Btu) Billion Btu) 

Electricity, 2003 193.3433 0.0310 0.7912 194.1655 

Electricity, 2004 193.7833 0.0310 0.7912 194.6055 

Electricity, 2005 193.0867 0.0310 0.7912 193.9089 

Electricity, 2006 193.0867 0.0310 0.7912 193.9089 

Fuel Oil 73.1500 0.0048 0.1962 73.3510 

Natural Gas 53.0567 0.0598 0.0327 53.1492 

LPG/Propane 62.2967 0.0053 0.0327 62.3347 

Coal 95.4800 0.0007 0.4579 95.9386 

Purchased Steam 132.7333 0.0009 0.6365 133.3707 

85 
Calculating Agency-Level Emissions

To calculate agency-level CO2-equivalent emissions of a particular GHG as a result of 

consumption of a particular fuel, the fuel-specific emission coefficient shown in the table above 

is multiplied by the agency’s consumption of that fuel in terms of billions of British thermal units 

(BBtu) delivered to the site. For example: 

CO2E Emissionsagency, CH4 = Site-delivered Energy consumptionagency, fuel x CO2E Emission 

coefficientCH4, fuel 

Two notes on the calculation of agency-level emissions. 

1.	 Purchases of green power, renewable energy certificates, and renewable thermal energy 

are netted out of agency totals before calculating emissions. 

2.	 Agencies have the option of estimating GHG emissions from their energy use
 

independently based on disaggregated or more detailed data provided that: 

a.	 Estimates are provided to FEMP for inclusion in Federal Government totals, and 

b.	 Agencies provide a detailed description of their estimation methodology. 

86 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

APPENDIX C 

ACRONYMS 

Agency Acronyms

 Broadcasting Board of Governors/ 

International Broadcasting Bureau BBG/IBB 

Commodity Futures Trading Commission CFTC 

 Central Intelligence Agency CIA

 Department of Agriculture USDA 

 Department of Commerce DOC 

 Department of Defense DOD 

Department of Energy DOE 

 Department of Health and Human Services HHS

 Department of Homeland Security DHS 

 Department of Housing and Urban Development HUD

 Department of the Interior DOI 

 Department of Justice DOJ 

 Department of Labor DOL 

 Department of State ST 

 Department of Transportation DOT 

Department of the Treasury TRSY 

 Department of Veterans Affairs VA 

 Environmental Protection Agency EPA 

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EEOC 

 Federal Communications Commission FCC 

Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA 

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FERC 

 Federal Trade Commission FTC 

 General Services Administration GSA 

 International Broadcasting Bureau IBB 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA 

National Archives and Records Administration NARA 

 National Science Foundation NSF

 Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRC 

Office of Personnel Management OPM 

 Panama Canal Commission PCC

 Railroad Retirement Board RRB

 Social Security Administration SSA

 Tennessee Valley Authority TVA 

United States Postal Service USPS 

87 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other Acronyms 

Assessment of Load and Energy Reduction Techniques ALERT 

Building Life-Cycle Cost BLCC 

British Thermal Unit(s) Btu 

Energy Citations Database ECD 

 Energy Information Administration EIA 

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy EERE 

Energy Management Control Systems EMCS 

Energy Policy Act of 1992 EPACT 1992 

Energy Policy Act of 2005 EPACT 2005 

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse EREC 

Energy Service Company ESCO 

Energy Savings Performance Contract ESPC 

Facility Energy Decision System FEDS 

Federal Automotive Statistical Tool FAST 

Federal Energy Management Program FEMP 

Fiscal Year FY 

Gross Square Foot GSF 

Industrial Assessment Center IAC 

Indefinite-Delivery, Indefinite Quantity Contract IDIQ 

Life-Cycle Cost LCC 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPG 

Megawatthours MWH 

Military Construction MILCON 

Million Barrels of Oil Equivalent MBOE 

Million British Thermal Units MMBtu 

National Energy Conservation Policy Act NECPA 

National Energy Information Center NEIC 

National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST 

Office of Industrial Technologies OIT 

Office of Scientific and Technical Information OSTI 

Quadrillion British Thermal Units Quad 

Research and Development R&D 

State Energy Program SEP 

Utility Energy Service Contract UESC 

88