Sector 11--Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in 

growing crops, raising animals, harvesting timber, and harvesting fish and other animals from a farm, 

ranch, or their natural habitats. 

 The establishments in this sector are often described as farms, ranches, dairies, greenhouses, nurseries, 

orchards, or hatcheries. A farm may consist of a single tract of land or a number of separate tracts which 

may be held under different tenures. For example, one tract may be owned by the farm operator and 

another rented. It may be operated by the operator alone or with the assistance of members of the 

household or hired employees, or it may be operated by a partnership, corporation, or other type of 

organization. When a landowner has one or more tenants, renters, croppers, or managers, the land operated 

by each is considered a farm. 

 The sector distinguishes two basic activities: agricultural production and agricultural support activities. 

Agricultural production includes establishments performing the complete farm or ranch operation, such as 

farm owner-operators, tenant farm operators, and sharecroppers. Agricultural support activities include 

establishments that perform one or more activities associated with farm operation, such as soil preparation, 

planting, harvesting, and management, on a contract or fee basis. 

 Excluded from the Agriculture, Forestry, Hunting and Fishing sector are establishments primarily 

engaged in agricultural research and establishments primarily engaged in administering programs for 

regulating and conserving land, mineral, wildlife, and forest use. These establishments are classified in 

Industry 54171, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences; and Industry 

92412, Administration of Conservation Programs, respectively. 

111 Crop Production 

 Industries in the Crop Production subsector grow crops mainly for food and fiber. The subsector 

comprises establishments, such as farms, orchards, groves, greenhouses, and nurseries, primarily engaged 

in growing crops, plants, vines, or trees and their seeds. 

 The industries in this subsector are grouped by similarity of production activity, including biological and 

physiological characteristics and economic requirements, the length of growing season, degree of crop 

rotation, extent of input specialization, labor requirements, and capital demands. The production process is 

typically completed when the raw product or commodity grown reaches the "farm gate" for market, that is, 

at the point of first sale or price determination. 

 Establishments are classified to the crop production subsector when crop production (i.e., value of crops 

for market) accounts for one-half or more of the establishment's total agricultural production. Within the 

subsector, establishments are classified to a specific industry when a product or industry family of products 

(i.e., oilseed and grain farming, vegetable and melon farming, fruit and tree nut farming) account for onehalf or more of the establishment's agricultural production. Establishments with one-half or more crop 

production with no one product or family of products of an industry accounting for one-half of the 

establishment's agricultural production are treated as general combination crop farming and are classified in 

Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming. 

 Industries in the Crop Production subsector include establishments that own, operate, and manage and 

those that operate and manage. Those that manage only are classified in Subsector 115, Support Activities 

for Agriculture and Forestry. 

1111 Oilseed and Grain Farming 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing oilseed and/or grain 

crops and/or (2) producing oilseed and grain seeds. These crops have an annual life cycle and are typically 

grown in open fields. 

11111 Soybean Farming 

 See industry description for 111110 below. 
111110 Soybean Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing soybeans and/or producing 

soybean seeds. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments engaged in growing soybeans in combination with grain(s) with the soybeans or grain(s) 

not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market) are 

classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. 

11112 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming 

 See industry description for 111120 below. 

111120 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing fibrous oilseed producing plants 

and/or producing oilseed seeds, such as sunflower, safflower, flax, rape, canola, and sesame. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in- 

 Growing soybeans--are classified in Industry 111110, Soybean Farming; and 

 Growing oilseed(s) in combination with grain(s) with no one oilseed (or family of oilseeds) or 

grain(s) (or family of grains) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production 

(value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain 

Combination Farming. 

11113 Dry Pea and Bean Farming 

 See industry description for 111130 below. 

 

111130 Dry Pea and Bean Farming CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing dry peas, beans, and/or lentils. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in growing fresh green beans and peas are classified in U.S. Industry 

111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming. 

11114 Wheat Farming 

 See industry description for 111140 below. 

111140 Wheat Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing wheat and/or producing wheat 

seeds. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments growing wheat in combination with oilseed(s) with the wheat or oilseed(s) not accounting 

for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market) are classified in U.S. 

Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. 

11115 Corn Farming 

 See industry description for 111150 below. 
111150 Corn Farming CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing corn (except sweet corn) and/or 

producing corn seeds. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing sweet corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and 

Melon Farming; and 

 Growing corn in combination with oilseed(s) with the corn or oilseed(s) not accounting for onehalf of the establishment's production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. 

11116 Rice Farming 

 See industry description for 111160 below. 

111160 Rice Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing rice (except wild rice) and/or 

producing rice seeds. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing wild rice--are classified in U.S. Industry 111199, All Other Grain Farming; and 

 Growing rice in combination with oilseed(s) with the rice or oilseed(s) not accounting for one-half 

of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. 

11119 Other Grain Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing grain(s) and/or producing grain 

seeds (except wheat, corn, and rice) or (2) growing a combination of grain(s) and oilseed(s) with no one 

grain (or family of grains) or oilseed (or family of oilseeds) accounting for one-half of the establishment's 

agriculture production (value of crops for market). Combination grain(s) and oilseed(s) establishments 

may produce oilseed(s) and grain(s) seeds and/or grow oilseed(s) and grain(s). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barley farming 

Rye farming 

Milo farming 

Sorghum farming 

Oat farming 

Wild rice farming 

Oilseed and grain combination farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing wheat--are classified in Industry 11114, Wheat Farming; 

 Growing corn (except sweet corn)--are classified in Industry 11115, Corn Farming; 

 Growing sweet corn--are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming; and 

 Growing rice (except wild rice)--are classified in Industry 11116, Rice Farming. 

111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in growing a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s) 

with no one oilseed (or family of oilseeds) or grain (or family of grains) accounting for one-half of the 

establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market). These establishments may produce 

oilseed(s) and grain(s) seeds and/or grow oilseed(s) and grain(s). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments engaged in growing one grain (or family of grains) or oilseed (or family of oilseeds) 

accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for market) are 

classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming accordingly by the prominent grain(s) or 

oilseed(s) grown. 

111199 All Other Grain Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing grains and/or producing 

grain(s) seeds (except wheat, corn, rice, and oilseed(s) and grain(s) combinations). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barley farming 

Sorghum farming 

Oat farming 

Wild rice farming 

Rye farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing wheat--are classified in Industry 111140, Wheat Farming; 

 Growing corn--are classified in Industry 111150, Corn Farming; 

 Growing rice (except wild rice)--are classified in Industry 111160, Rice Farming; 

 Growing sweet corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and 

Melon Farming; and 

 Growing a combination of grain(s) and oilseed(s) with no one grain (or family of grains) or 

oilseed (or family of oilseeds) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural 

production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain 

Combination Farming. 

1112 Vegetable and Melon Farming 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing root and tuber crops (except 

sugar beets and peanuts) or edible plants and/or producing root and tuber or edible plant seeds. The crops 

included in this group have an annual growth cycle and are grown in open fields. Climate and cultural 

practices limit producing areas but often permit the growing of a combination of crops in a year. 

11121 Vegetable and Melon Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing 

vegetable and/or melon crops; (2) producing vegetable and melon seeds; and (3) growing vegetable and/or 

melon bedding plants. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing sugar beets--are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming; 

 Growing vegetables and melons under glass or protective cover--are classified in Industry 11141, 

Food Crops Grown Under Cover; 
 Growing dry peas and beans--are classified in Industry 11113, Dry Pea and Bean Farming; 

 Growing corn (except sweet corn)--are classified in Industry 11115, Corn Farming; 

 Canning, pickling, and/or drying (artificially) vegetables--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit 

and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; and 

 Growing fruit on trees and other fruit-bearing plants (except melons)--are classified in Industry 

Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming. 

111211 Potato Farming CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing potatoes and/or producing 

seed potatoes. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in canning or drying potatoes are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit 

and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying. 

111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

growing melons and/or vegetables (except potatoes; dry peas; dry beans; field, silage, or seed corn; and 

sugar beets); (2) producing vegetable and/or melon seeds; and (3) growing vegetable and/or melon bedding 

plants. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carrot farming 

Squash farming 

Green bean farming 

Tomato farming 

Melon farming (e.g., cantaloupe, casaba, honeydew, watermelon) 

Vegetable (except potato) farming 

Pepper farming (e.g., bell, chili, green, red, sweet peppers) 

Watermelon farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing potatoes, including sweet potatoes and yams--are classified in U.S. Industry 111211, 

Potato Farming; 

 Growing sugar beets--are classified in U.S. Industry 111991, Sugar Beet Farming; 

 Growing vegetables and melons under glass or protective cover--are classified in U.S. Industry 

111419, Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover; 

 Growing dry peas and beans--are classified in Industry 111130, Dry Pea and Bean Farming; 

 Growing corn (except sweet corn)--are classified in Industry 111150, Corn Farming; 

 Canning, pickling, and/or drying (artificially) vegetables--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit 

and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; and 

 Growing fruit on trees and other fruit-bearing plants (except melons)--are classified in Industry 

Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming. 

1113 Fruit and Tree Nut Farming 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing fruit and/or tree nut crops. 

The crops included in this industry group are generally not grown from seeds and have a perennial life 

cycle. 

11131 Orange Groves 
 See industry description for 111310 below. 

111310 Orange Groves 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing oranges. 

11132 Citrus (except Orange) Groves 

 See industry description for 111320 below. 

111320 Citrus (except Orange) Groves CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing citrus fruits (except oranges). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Citrus groves (except oranges) 

Mandarin groves 

Grapefruit groves 

Tangelo groves 

Lemon groves 

Tangerine groves 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in growing oranges are classified in Industry 111310, Orange Groves. 

11133 Noncitrus Fruit and Tree Nut Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing 

noncitrus fruits (e.g., apples, grapes, berries, peaches); (2) growing tree nuts (e.g., pecans, almonds, 

pistachios); or (3) growing a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruit) or 

family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for 

market). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Harvesting berries or nuts from native and noncultivated plants--are classified in Industry 11321, 

Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; and 

 Canning and/or drying (artificially) fruit--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable 

Canning, Pickling, and Drying. 

111331 Apple Orchards US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing apples. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments engaged in growing apples in combination with tree nut(s) with the apples or family of 

tree nuts not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for 

market) are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. 

111332 Grape Vineyards US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing grapes and/or growing grapes 

to sun dry into raisins. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Drying grapes artificially--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food 

Manufacturing; and 

 Growing grapes in combination with tree nut(s) with the grapes or family of tree nuts not 

accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for 

market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. 

111333 Strawberry Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing strawberries. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments engaged in growing strawberries in combination with tree nut(s) with the strawberries or 

family of tree nuts not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of 

crops for market) are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. 

111334 Berry (except Strawberry) Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing berries. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Berry (except strawberries) farming 

Cranberry farming 

Blackberry farming 

Currant farming 

Blueberry farming 

Raspberry farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing strawberries--are classified in U.S. Industry 111333, Strawberry Farming; 

 Harvesting berries from native and noncultivated bushes or vines--are classified in Industry 

113210, Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; and 

 Growing berries in combination with tree nut(s) with the berries or family of tree nuts not 

accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for 

market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. 

111335 Tree Nut Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing tree nuts. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Almond farming 

Pistachio farming 

Filbert farming 

Tree nut farming 

Macadamia farming 

Walnut farming 

Pecan farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Growing coconut and coffee--are classified in U.S. Industry 111339, Other Noncitrus Fruit 

Farming; and 

 Growing tree nut(s) in combination with fruit(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruit or of tree 

nuts) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for 

market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. 

111336 Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing a combination of fruit(s) and 

tree nut(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruit) or family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the 

establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments engaged in growing fruit(s) or the family of tree nut(s) accounting for one-half of the 

establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market) are classified in Industry Group 

1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming accordingly by the prominent fruit(s) or tree nut(s) grown. 

111339 Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing noncitrus fruits (except 

apples, grapes, berries, and fruit(s) and tree nut(s) combinations). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Apricot farming 

Fig farming 

Banana farming 

Noncitrus fruit farming 

Cherry farming 

Peach farming 

Coffee farming 

Pineapple farming 

Date farming 

Prune farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing apples--are classified in U.S. Industry 111331, Apple Orchards; 

 Growing grapes including sun drying of grapes into raisins--are classified in U.S. Industry 

111332, Grape Vineyards; 

 Growing strawberries--are classified in U.S. Industry 111333, Strawberry Farming; 

 Growing berries (except strawberries)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111334, Berry (except 

Strawberry) Farming; 

 Drying fruit artificially--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food 

Manufacturing; and 

 Growing noncitrus fruit(s) in combination with tree nut(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruits) or 

family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value 

of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination 

Farming. 

1114 Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing crops of any kind under 

cover and/or growing nursery stock and flowers. "Under cover" is generally defined as greenhouses, cold 

frames, cloth houses, and lath houses. The crops grown are removed at various stages of maturity and have 
annual and perennial life cycles. The nursery stock includes short rotation woody crops that have growth 

cycles of 10 years or less. 

 

11141 Food Crops Grown Under Cover 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing food crops (e.g., fruits, melons, 

tomatoes) under glass or protective cover. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in growing vegetable and melon bedding plants are classified in 

Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming. 

111411 Mushroom Production CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing mushrooms under cover in 

mines underground, or in other controlled environments. 

111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing food crops (except 

mushrooms) under glass or protective cover. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alfalfa sprout farming, grown under cover 

Melon farming, grown under cover 

Fruit farming, grown under cover 

Vegetable farming, grown under cover 

Hydroponic crop farming 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in growing mushrooms under cover are classified in U.S. Industry 

111411, Mushroom Production. 

11142 Nursery and Floriculture Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing nursery and floriculture 

products (e.g., nursery stock, shrubbery, cut flowers, flower seeds, foliage plants) under cover or in open 

fields and/or (2) growing short rotation woody trees with a growing and harvesting cycle of 10 years or less 

for pulp or tree stock (e.g., cut Christmas trees, cottonwoods). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing vegetable and melon bedding plants--are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and 

Melon Farming; 

 Operating timber tracts (i.e., growing cycle greater than 10 years)--are classified in Industry 

11311, Timber Tract Operations; and 

 Retailing nursery, tree stock, and floriculture products primarily purchased from others--are 

classified in Industry 44422, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. 

111421 Nursery and Tree Production CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing nursery products, nursery 

stock, shrubbery, bulbs, fruit stock, sod, and so forth, under cover or in open fields and/or (2) growing short 

rotation woody trees with a growth and harvest cycle of 10 years or less for pulp or tree stock. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing vegetable and melon bedding plants--are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and 

Melon Farming; 

 Operating timber tracts (i.e., growing cycle greater than 10 years)--are classified in Industry 

113110, Timber Tract Operations; and 

 Retailing nursery, tree stock, and floriculture products primarily purchased from others--are 

classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. 

111422 Floriculture Production CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing and/or producing floriculture 

products (e.g., cut flowers and roses, cut cultivated greens, potted flowering and foliage plants, and flower 

seeds) under cover and in open fields. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in retailing floriculture products primarily purchased from others are 

classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. 

1119 Other Crop Farming 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing crops (except oilseed 

and/or grain; vegetable and/or melon; fruit and tree nut; and greenhouse, nursery, and/or floriculture 

products). These establishments grow crops, such as tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, hay, sugar beets, peanuts, 

agave, herbs and spices, and hay and grass seeds; or (2) growing a combination of crops (except a 

combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s) and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s)). 

11191 Tobacco Farming 

 See industry description for 111910 below. 

111910 Tobacco Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing tobacco. 

11192 Cotton Farming 

 See industry description for 111920 below. 

111920 Cotton Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing cotton. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in ginning cotton are classified in U.S. Industry 115111, Cotton 

Ginning. 

11193 Sugarcane Farming 

 See industry description for 111930 below. 

111930 Sugarcane Farming 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing sugarcane. 

11194 Hay Farming 

 See industry description for 111940 below. 

111940 Hay Farming CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing hay, alfalfa, clover, and/or mixed 

hay. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing grain hay--are classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming; and 

 Growing grass and hay seeds--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Crop Farming. 

11199 All Other Crop Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing crops (except oilseeds and/or 

grains; vegetables and/or melons; fruits and/or tree nuts; greenhouse, nursery and/or floriculture products; 

tobacco; cotton; sugarcane; or hay) or (2) growing a combination of crops (except a combination of 

oilseed(s) and grain(s); and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s)) with no one crop or family of crops 

accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of crops for market). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Agave farming 

Spice farming 

General combination crop farming (except oilseed and grain; vegetables and melons; fruit and nut 

combinations) 

Sugar beet farming 

Grass seed farming 

Tea farming 

Hay seed farming 

Maple sap gathering 

Peanut farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing oilseeds and/or wheat, corn, rice, or other grains--are classified in Industry Group 1111, 

Oilseed and Grain Farming; 

 Growing vegetables and/or melons--are classified in Industry Group 1112, Vegetable and Melon 

Farming; 

 Growing fruits and/or tree nuts--are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut 

Farming; 

 Growing greenhouse, nursery, and/or floriculture products--are classified in Industry Group 1114, 

Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production; 

 Growing tobacco--are classified in Industry 11191, Tobacco Farming; 

 Growing cotton--are classified in Industry 11192, Cotton Farming; 

 Growing sugarcane--are classified in Industry 11193, Sugarcane Farming; 

 Growing hay--are classified in Industry 11194, Hay Farming; and 

 Growing algae, seaweed, or other aquatic plants--are classified in Industry 11251, Aquaculture. 

111991 Sugar Beet Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing sugar beets. 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in growing beets (except sugar beets) are classified in U.S. Industry 

111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming. 

111992 Peanut Farming MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing peanuts. 

111998 All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) growing crops 

(except oilseeds and/or grains; vegetables and/or melons; fruits and/or tree nuts; greenhouse, nursery and/or 

floriculture products; tobacco; cotton; sugarcane; hay; sugar beets; or peanuts); (2) growing a combination 

of crops (except a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s); and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s)) with 

no one crop or family of crop(s) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., 

value of crops for market); or (3) gathering tea or maple sap. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Agave farming 

Mint farming 

General combination crop farming (except oilseed and grain; vegetables and melons; fruit and tree nut 

combinations) 

Spice farming 

Hay seed farming 

Grass seed farming 

Hop farming 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Growing oilseeds and/or wheat, corn, rice, or other grains--are classified in Industry Group 1111, 

Oilseed and Grain Farming; 

 Growing vegetables and/or melons--are classified in Industry Group 1112, Vegetable and Melon 

Farming; 

 Growing fruits and/or tree nuts--are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut 

Farming; 

 Growing greenhouse, nursery and/or floriculture products--are classified in Industry Group 1114, 

Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production; 

 Growing tobacco--are classified in Industry 111910, Tobacco Farming; 

 Growing cotton--are classified in Industry 111920, Cotton Farming; 

 Growing sugarcane--are classified in Industry 111930, Sugarcane Farming; 

 Growing hay--are classified in Industry 111940, Hay Farming; 

 Growing sugar beets--are classified in U.S. Industry 111991, Sugar Beet Farming; 

 Growing peanuts--are classified in U.S. Industry 111992, Peanut Farming; and 

 Growing algae, seaweed, or other aquatic plants--are classified in U.S. Industry 112519, Other 

Aquaculture. 

112 Animal Production 

 Industries in the Animal Production subsector raise or fatten animals for the sale of animals or animal 

products. The subsector comprises establishments, such as ranches, farms, and feedlots primarily engaged 

in keeping, grazing, breeding, or feeding animals. These animals are kept for the products they produce or 

for eventual sale. The animals are generally raised in various environments, from total confinement or 

captivity to feeding on an open range pasture. Establishments primarily engaged in the farm raising and 
production of aquatic animals or plants in controlled or selected aquatic environments are included in this 

subsector. 

 The industries in this subsector are grouped by important factors, such as suitable grazing or pasture land, 

specialized buildings, type of equipment, and the amount and types of labor required. Establishments are 

classified to the Animal Production subsector when animal production (i.e., value of animals for market) 

accounts for one-half or more of the establishment's total agricultural production. Establishments with onehalf or more animal production with no one animal product or family of animal products of an industry 

accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production are treated as combination animal 

farming classified to Industry 11299, All Other Animal Production. 

1121 Cattle Ranching and Farming 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle, milking dairy cattle, or 

feeding cattle for fattening. 

11211 Beef Cattle Ranching and Farming, including Feedlots 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle (including cattle for dairy herd 

replacements), or feeding cattle for fattening. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Milking dairy cattle--are classified in Industry 11212, Dairy Cattle and Milk Production; and 

 Operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock--are 

classified in Industry 48899, Other Support Activities for Transportation. 

112111 Beef Cattle Ranching and Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle (including cattle for dairy 

herd replacements). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in milking dairy cattle are classified in Industry 112120, Dairy Cattle 

and Milk Production. 

112112 Cattle Feedlots US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in feeding cattle for fattening. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or 

auctioning livestock are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. 

11212 Dairy Cattle and Milk Production 

 See industry description for 112120 below. 

 

112120 Dairy Cattle and Milk Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in milking dairy cattle. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Raising dairy herd replacements--are classified in U.S. Industry 112111, Beef Cattle Ranching and 

Farming; and 
 Milking goats--are classified in Industry 112420, Goat Farming. 

11213 Dual-Purpose Cattle Ranching and Farming MEX 

 See industry description for 112130 below. 

112130 Dual-Purpose Cattle Ranching and Farming US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle for both milking and meat 

production. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Milking dairy cattle--are classified in Industry 112120, Dairy Cattle and Milk Production; 

 Raising cattle or feeding cattle for fattening--are classified in Industry 11211, Beef Cattle 

Ranching and Farming, including Feedlots; and 

 Operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. 

1122 Hog and Pig Farming 

11221 Hog and Pig Farming 

 See industry description for 112210 below. 

112210 Hog and Pig Farming CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising hogs and pigs. These establishments 

may include farming activities, such as breeding, farrowing, and the raising of weanling pigs, feeder pigs, 

or market size hogs. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or 

auctioning livestock are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. 

1123 Poultry and Egg Production 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in breeding, hatching, and raising 

poultry for meat or egg production. 

11231 Chicken Egg Production 

 See industry description for 112310 below. 

112310 Chicken Egg Production CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising chickens for egg production. The 

eggs produced may be for use as table eggs or hatching eggs. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising chickens for the production of meat are classified in Industry 

112320, Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production. 

11232 Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production 

 See industry description for 112320 below. 

112320 Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising broilers, fryers, roasters, and other 

meat type chickens. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising chickens for egg production are classified in Industry 

112310, Chicken Egg Production. 

11233 Turkey Production 

 See industry description for 112330 below. 

112330 Turkey Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising turkeys for meat or egg production. 

11234 Poultry Hatcheries 

 See industry description for 112340 below. 

112340 Poultry Hatcheries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in hatching poultry of any kind. 

11239 Other Poultry Production 

 See industry description for 112390 below. 

112390 Other Poultry Production MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising poultry (except chickens for meat or 

egg production and turkeys). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Duck production 

Ostrich production 

Emu production 

Pheasant production 

Geese production 

Quail production 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Raising aviary birds, such as parakeets, canaries, and love birds--are classified in Industry 112990, 

All Other Animal Production; 

 Raising chickens for egg production--are classified in Industry 112310, Chicken Egg Production; 

 Raising broilers and other meat type chickens--are classified in Industry 112320, Broilers and 

Other Meat Type Chicken Production; 

 Raising turkeys--are classified in Industry 112330, Turkey Production; and 

 Raising swans, peacocks, flamingos or other "adornment birds"--are classified in Industry 112990, 

All Other Animal Production. 

1124 Sheep and Goat Farming 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising sheep, lambs, and goats, or 

feeding lambs for fattening. 
11241 Sheep Farming 

 See industry description for 112410 below. 

112410 Sheep Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising sheep and lambs, or feeding lambs 

for fattening. The sheep or lambs may be raised for sale or wool production. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or 

auctioning livestock are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. 

11242 Goat Farming 

 See industry description for 112420 below. 

112420 Goat Farming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising goats. 

1125 Aquaculture 

11251 Aquaculture 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the farm raising and production of aquatic 

animals or plants in controlled or selected aquatic environments. These establishments use some form of 

intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as holding in captivity, regular stocking, 

feeding, and protecting from predators, pests, and disease. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the catching or taking of fish and other aquatic animals from their 

natural habitat are classified in Industry 11411, Fishing. 

112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) farm raising finfish (e.g., catfish, 

trout, goldfish, tropical fish, minnows) and/or (2) hatching fish of any kind. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the catching or taking of finfish from their natural habitat are 

classified in U.S. Industry 114111, Finfish Fishing. 

112512 Shellfish Farming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in farm raising shellfish (e.g., crayfish, 

shrimp, oysters, clams, mollusks). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the catching or taking of shellfish from their natural habitat are 

classified in U.S. Industry 114112, Shellfish Fishing. 

112519 Other Aquaculture US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) farm raising of aquatic animals 

(except finfish and shellfish) and/or (2) farm raising of aquatic plants. Alligator, algae, frog, seaweed, or 

turtle production is included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Miscellaneous fishing activities, such as catching or taking of terrapins, turtles, and frogs in their 

natural habitat--are classified in U.S. Industry 114119, Other Marine Fishing; 

 Farm raising finfish--are classified in U.S. Industry 112511, Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; 

 Farm raising shellfish--are classified in U.S. Industry 112512, Shellfish Farming; and 

 Growing hydroponic crops--are classified in Industry 111419, Other Food Crops Grown Under 

Cover. 

1129 Other Animal Production 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising animals and insects (except 

cattle, hogs and pigs, poultry, sheep and goats, aquaculture) for sale or product production. These 

establishments are primarily engaged in raising one of the following: bees, horses and other equines, rabbits 

and other fur-bearing animals, and so forth, and producing products, such as honey and other bee products. 

Establishments primarily engaged in raising a combination of animals with no one animal or family of 

animals accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of animals for 

market) are included in this industry group. 

11291 Apiculture 

 See industry description for 112910 below. 

112910 Apiculture 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising bees. These establishments may 

collect and gather honey; and/or sell queen bees, packages of bees, royal jelly, bees' wax, propolis, venom, 

and/or other bee products. 

11292 Horses and Other Equine Production 

 See industry description for 112920 below. 

112920 Horses and Other Equine Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising horses, mules, donkeys, and other 

equines. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in equine boarding are classified in Industry 115210, Support 

Activities for Animal Production; and 

 Equine owners entering horses in racing or other spectator sporting events are classified in U.S. 

Industry 711219, Other Spectator Sports. 

11293 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production 

 See industry description for 112930 below. 

112930 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising fur-bearing animals including 

rabbits. These animals may be raised for sale or for their pelt production. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in the trapping or hunting of wild fur-bearing animals are classified in 

Industry 114210, Hunting and Trapping. 

11299 All Other Animal Production 

 See industry description for 112990 below. 

112990 All Other Animal Production US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) raising animals (except cattle, hogs and 

pigs, poultry, sheep and goats, aquaculture, apiculture, horses and other equines; and fur-bearing animals 

including rabbits); or (2) raising a combination of animals, with no one animal or family of animals 

accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of animals for market) are 

included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bird production (e.g., canaries, parakeets, parrots) 

Laboratory animal production (e.g., rats, mice, guinea pigs) 

Combination animal farming (except dairy, poultry) 

Llama production 

Companion animals production (e.g., cats, dogs) 

Worm production 

Deer production 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Raising cattle, dairy cattle or feeding cattle for fattening--are classified in Industry Group 1121, 

Cattle Ranching and Farming; 

 Raising hogs and pigs--are classified in Industry Group 1122, Hog and Pig Farming; 

 Raising poultry and raising poultry for egg production--are classified in Industry Group 1123, 

Poultry and Egg Production; 

 Raising sheep and goats--are classified in Industry Group 1124, Sheep and Goat Farming; 

 Animal aquaculture--are classified in Industry 11251, Aquaculture; 

 Raising bees--are classified in Industry 112910, Apiculture; 

 Raising horses and other equines--are classified in Industry 112920, Horses and Other Equine 

Production; and 

 Raising fur-bearing animals including rabbits--are classified in Industry 112930, Fur-Bearing 

Animal and Rabbit Production. 

113 Forestry and Logging 

 Industries in the Forestry and Logging subsector grow and harvest timber on a long production cycle (i.e., 

of 10 years or more). Long production cycles use different production processes than short production 

cycles, which require more horticultural interventions prior to harvest, resulting in processes more similar 

to those found in the Crop Production subsector. Consequently, Christmas tree production and other 

production involving production cycles of less than 10 years, are classified in the Crop Production 

subsector. 

 Industries in this subsector specialize in different stages of the production cycle. Reforestation requires 

production of seedlings in specialized nurseries. Timber production requires natural forest or suitable areas 

of land that are available for a long duration. The maturation time for timber depends upon the species of 

tree, the climatic conditions of the region, and the intended purpose of the timber. The harvesting of timber 

(except when done on an extremely small scale) requires specialized machinery unique to the industry. 

Establishments gathering forest products, such as gums, barks, balsam needles, rhizomes, fibers, Spanish 

moss, and ginseng and truffles, are also included in this subsector. 
1131 Timber Tract Operations 

11311 Timber Tract Operations 

 See industry description for 113110 below. 

 

113110 Timber Tract Operations 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the operation of timber tracts for the 

purpose of selling standing timber. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Acting as lessors of land with trees as real estate property--are classified in Industry 53119, 

Lessors of Other Real Estate Property; 

 Growing short rotation woody trees (i.e., growing and harvesting cycle is 10 years or less)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 111421, Nursery and Tree Production; and 

 Cutting timber--are classified in Industry 113310, Logging. 

1132 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products 

11321 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products 

 See industry description for 113210 below. 

113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing trees for reforestation and/or (2) 

gathering forest products, such as gums, barks, balsam needles, rhizomes, fibers, Spanish moss, ginseng, 

and truffles. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Gathering tea and maple sap--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Crop Farming; and 

 Processing maple syrup into other products--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food 

Manufacturing. 

1133 Logging 

11331 Logging 

 See industry description for 113310 below. 

113310 Logging MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) cutting 

timber; (2) cutting and transporting timber; and (3) producing wood chips in the field. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in trucking timber are classified in Industry 484220, Specialized 

Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local. 

114 Fishing, Hunting and Trapping 

 Industries in the Fishing, Hunting, and Trapping subsector harvest fish and other wild animals from their 

natural habitats and are dependent upon a continued supply of the natural resource. The harvesting of fish 

is the predominant economic activity of this subsector and it usually requires specialized vessels that, by 
the nature of their size, configuration and equipment, are not suitable for any other type of production, such 

as transportation. 

 Hunting and trapping activities utilize a wide variety of production processes and are classified in the 

same subsector as fishing because the availability of resources and the constraints imposed, such as 

conservation requirements and proper habitat maintenance, are similar. 

1141 Fishing 

11411 Fishing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of finfish, 

shellfish, or miscellaneous marine products from a natural habitat, such as the catching of bluefish, eels, 

salmon, tuna, clams, crabs, lobsters, mussels, oysters, shrimp, frogs, sea urchins, and turtles. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Farm raising finfish, shellfish or other marine animals and plants--are classified in Industry 11251, 

Aquaculture; and 

 Gathering and processing seafood into canned seafood products--are classified in Industry 31171, 

Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging. 

114111 Finfish Fishing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of 

finfish (e.g., bluefish, salmon, trout, tuna) from their natural habitat. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Farm raising finfish--are classified in U.S. Industry 112511, Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; 

and 

 Gathering and processing (known as "floating factory ships") seafood into canned seafood 

products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311711, Seafood Canning. 

114112 Shellfish Fishing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of 

shellfish (e.g., clams, crabs, lobsters, mussels, oysters, sea urchins, shrimp) from their natural habitat. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in farm raising shellfish are classified in U.S. Industry 112512, 

Shellfish Farming. 

114119 Other Marine Fishing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of 

marine animals (except finfish and shellfish). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Animal or plant aquaculture (except finfish and shellfish)--are classified in U.S. Industry 112519, 

Other Aquaculture; 

 The commercial catching or taking of finfish from their natural habitat--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 114111, Finfish Fishing; and 

 The commercial catching or taking of shellfish from their natural habitat--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 114112, Shellfish Fishing. 
1142 Hunting and Trapping 

11421 Hunting and Trapping 

 See industry description for 114210 below. 

 

114210 Hunting and Trapping 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

commercial hunting and trapping; (2) operating commercial game preserves, such as game retreats; and (3) 

operating hunting preserves. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating nature preserves--are classified in Industry 712190, Nature Parks and Other Similar 

Institutions; and 

 Farm raising rabbits and other fur-bearing animals--are classified in Industry 112930, Fur-Bearing 

Animal and Rabbit Production. 

115 Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry 

 Industries in the Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry subsector provide support services that 

are an essential part of agricultural and forestry production. These support activities may be performed by 

the agriculture or forestry producing establishment or conducted independently as an alternative source of 

inputs required for the production process for a given crop, animal, or forestry industry. Establishments 

that primarily perform these activities independent of the agriculture or forestry producing establishment 

are in this subsector. 

1151 Support Activities for Crop Production 

11511 Support Activities for Crop Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities for growing 

crops. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aerial dusting or spraying (i.e., using specialized or dedicated aircraft) 

Farm management services 

Cotton ginning 

Planting crops 

Cultivating services 

Vineyard cultivation services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing crop production that are generally known as farms, orchards, groves, or vineyards 

(including sharecroppers and tenant farms)--are classified in the appropriate crop industry within 

Subsector 111, Crop Production; 

 Providing support activities for forestry--are classified in Industry 11531, Support Activities for 

Forestry; 

 Landscaping and horticultural services, such as lawn and maintenance care and ornamental shrub 

and tree services--are classified in Industry 56173, Landscaping Services; 

 Land clearing, land leveling, and earth moving for terracing, ponds, and irrigation--are classified 

in Industry 23891, Site Preparation Contractors; 
 Artificially drying and dehydrating fruits and vegetables--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit 

and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; 

 Stemming and redrying tobacco--are classified in Industry 31221, Tobacco Stemming and 

Redrying; 

 Providing water for irrigation--are classified in Industry 22131, Water Supply and Irrigation 

Systems; and 

 Buying farm products, such as fruits or vegetables, for resale to other wholesalers or retailers, and 

preparing them for market or further processing--are classified in Industry 42448, Fresh Fruit and 

Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers. 

115111 Cotton Ginning US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in ginning cotton. 

115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing a soil preparation activity 

or crop production service, such as plowing, fertilizing, seed bed preparation, planting, cultivating, and 

crop protecting services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Land clearing, land leveling, and earth moving for terracing, ponds, and irrigation--are classified 

in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; and 

 Providing water for irrigation--are classified in Industry 221310, Water Supply and Irrigation 

Systems. 

115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in mechanical harvesting, picking, and 

combining of crops, and related activities. The machinery used is provided by the servicing establishment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing personnel for manual harvesting--are classified in U.S. Industry 115115, Farm Labor 

Contractors and Crew Leaders; and 

 Providing farm management services (i.e., on a contract or fee basis) and arranging or contracting 

crop mechanical or manual harvesting operations for the farm(s) it manages--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 115116, Farm Management Services. 

115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing services on crops, 

subsequent to their harvest, with the intent of preparing them for market or further processing. These 

establishments provide postharvest activities, such as crop cleaning, sun drying, shelling, fumigating, 

curing, sorting, grading, packing, and cooling. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Ginning cotton--are classified in U.S. Industry 115111, Cotton Ginning; 

 Custom grain grinding for animal feed--are classified in U.S. Industry 311119, Other Animal Food 

Manufacturing; 

 Artificially drying and dehydrating fruits and vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, 

Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; 

 Stemming and redrying tobacco--are classified in Industry 312210, Tobacco Stemming and 

Redrying; 
 Buying farm products for resale to other wholesalers or retailers and preparing them for market or 

further processing--are classified in Industry 424480, Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Providing farm management services (i.e., on a contract or fee basis) and arranging or contracting 

postharvesting crop activities for the farm(s) it manages--are classified in U.S. Industry 115116, 

Farm Management Services. 

115115 Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying labor for agricultural 

production or harvesting. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing machine harvesting--are classified in U.S. Industry 115113, Crop Harvesting, Primarily 

by Machine; and 

 Providing farm management services (i.e., on a contract or fee basis) and arranging or contracting 

farm labor for the farm(s) it manages--are classified in U.S. Industry 115116, Farm Management 

Services. 

115116 Farm Management Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing farm management services 

on a contract or fee basis usually to citrus groves, orchards, or vineyards. These establishments always 

provide management and may arrange or contract for the partial or the complete operations of the farm 

establishment(s) it manages. Operational activities may include cultivating, harvesting, and/or other 

specialized agricultural support activities. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in crop production that are generally known as farms, orchards, groves, 

or vineyards (including share croppers and tenant farms), are classified in the appropriate crop industry 

within Subsector 111, Crop Production. 

1152 Support Activities for Animal Production 

11521 Support Activities for Animal Production 

 See industry description for 115210 below. 

115210 Support Activities for Animal Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing support activities related to 

raising livestock (e.g., cattle, goats, hogs, horses, poultry, sheep). These establishments may perform one 

or more of the following: (1) breeding services for animals, including companion animals (e.g., cats, dogs, 

pet birds); (2) pedigree record services; (3) boarding horses; (4) dairy herd improvement activities; (5) 

livestock spraying; and (6) sheep dipping and shearing. 

1153 Support Activities for Forestry 

11531 Support Activities for Forestry 

 See industry description for 115310 below. 

115310 Support Activities for Forestry 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing particular support activities 

related to timber production, wood technology, forestry economics and marketing, and forest protection. 
These establishments may provide support activities for forestry, such as estimating timber, forest 

firefighting, forest pest control, and consulting on wood attributes and reforestation. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the public administration and conservation of forest lands are 

classified in Industry 924120, Administration of Conservation Programs. 
Sector 21--Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector comprises establishments that extract naturally 

occurring mineral solids, such as coal and ores; liquid minerals, such as crude petroleum; and gases, such 

as natural gas. The term mining is used in the broad sense to include quarrying, well operations, 

beneficiating (e.g., crushing, screening, washing, and flotation), and other preparation customarily 

performed at the mine site, or as a part of mining activity. 

 The Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector distinguishes two basic activities: mine 

operation and mining support activities. Mine operation includes establishments operating mines, quarries, 

or oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or fee basis. Mining support activities 

include establishments that perform exploration (except geophysical surveying) and/or other mining 

services on a contract or fee basis (except mine site preparation and construction of oil/gas pipelines). 

 Establishments in the Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction sector are grouped and classified 

according to the natural resource mined or to be mined. Industries include establishments that develop the 

mine site, extract the natural resources, and/or those that beneficiate (i.e., prepare) the mineral mined. 

Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles that can be separated into 

mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. The operations that take place 

in beneficiation are primarily mechanical, such as grinding, washing, magnetic separation, and centrifugal 

separation. In contrast, manufacturing operations primarily use chemical and electrochemical processes, 

such as electrolysis and distillation. However, some treatments, such as heat treatments, take place in both 

the beneficiation and the manufacturing (i.e., smelting/refining) stages. The range of preparation activities 

varies by mineral and the purity of any given ore deposit. While some minerals, such as petroleum and 

natural gas, require little or no preparation, others are washed and screened, while yet others, such as gold 

and silver, can be transformed into bullion before leaving the mine site. 

 Mining, beneficiating, and manufacturing activities often occur in a single location. Separate receipts 

will be collected for these activities whenever possible. When receipts cannot be broken out between 

mining and manufacturing, establishments that mine or quarry nonmetallic minerals, and then beneficiate 

the nonmetallic minerals into more finished manufactured products are classified based on the primary 

activity of the establishment. A mine that manufactures a small amount of finished products will be 

classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction. An establishment that mines 

whose primary output is a more finished manufactured product will be classified in Sector 31-33, 

Manufacturing. 

211 Oil and Gas Extraction 

 Industries in the Oil and Gas Extraction subsector operate and/or develop oil and gas field properties. 

Such activities may include exploration for crude petroleum and natural gas; drilling, completing, and 

equipping wells; operating separators, emulsion breakers, desilting equipment, and field gathering lines for 

crude petroleum and natural gas; and all other activities in the preparation of oil and gas up to the point of 

shipment from the producing property. This subsector includes the production of crude petroleum, the 

mining and extraction of oil from oil shale and oil sands, and the production of natural gas, sulfur recovery 

from natural gas, and recovery of hydrocarbon liquids. 

 Establishments in this subsector include those that operate oil and gas wells on their own account or for 

others on a contract or fee basis. Establishments primarily engaged in providing support services, on a fee 

or contract basis, required for the drilling or operation of oil and gas wells (except geophysical surveying 

and mapping, mine site preparation, and construction of oil/gas pipelines) are classified in Subsector 213, 

Support Activities for Mining. 

2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 

21111 Oil and Gas Extraction 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating and/or developing oil and gas 

field properties and establishments primarily engaged in recovering liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas 

field gases. Such activities may include exploration for crude petroleum and natural gas; drilling, 

completing, and equipping wells; operation of separators, emulsion breakers, desilting equipment, and field 

gathering lines for crude petroleum and natural gas; and all other activities in the preparation of oil and gas 

up to the point of shipment from the producing property. This industry includes the production of crude 

petroleum, the mining and extraction of oil from oil shale and oil sands, the production of natural gas, 

sulfur recovery from natural gas, and the recovery of hydrocarbon liquids from oil and gas field gases. 

Establishments in this industry operate oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or 

fee basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing oil field services for operators on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 

21311, Support Activities for Mining; 

 Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--

are classified in Industry 32511, Petrochemical Manufacturing; 

 Refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum and liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in 

Industry 32411, Petroleum Refineries; and 

 Recovering helium from natural gas--are classified in Industry 32512, Industrial Gas 

Manufacturing. 

211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) the exploration, development 

and/or the production of petroleum or natural gas from wells in which the hydrocarbons will initially flow 

or can be produced using normal pumping techniques or (2) the production of crude petroleum from 

surface shales or tar sands or from reservoirs in which the hydrocarbons are semisolids. Establishments in 

this industry operate oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or fee basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing oil field services for operators on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 

21311, Support Activities for Mining; 

 Refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum and liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in 

Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and 

 Recovering helium from natural gas--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas 

Manufacturing. 

211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the recovery of liquid hydrocarbons 

from oil and gas field gases. Establishments primarily engaged in sulfur recovery from natural gas are 

included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons from refined petroleum or converting refined 

petroleum into liquid hydrocarbons (petrochemicals) and/or recovering liquid hydrocarbons--are 

classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; 

 Refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum and liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in 

Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and 

 Recovering helium from natural gas--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas 

Manufacturing. 

212 Mining (except Oil and Gas) 
 Industries in the Mining (except Oil and Gas) subsector primarily engage in mining, mine site 

development, and beneficiating (i.e., preparing) metallic minerals and nonmetallic minerals, including coal. 

The term "mining" is used in the broad sense to include ore extraction, quarrying, and beneficiating (e.g., 

crushing, screening, washing, sizing, concentrating, and flotation), customarily done at the mine site. 

 Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles which can be separated 

into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. The operations that take 

place in beneficiation are primarily mechanical, such as grinding, washing, magnetic separation, centrifugal 

separation, and so on. In contrast, manufacturing operations primarily use chemical and electrochemical 

processes, such as electrolysis, distillation, and so on. However some treatments, such as heat treatments, 

take place in both stages: the beneficiation and the manufacturing (i.e., smelting/refining) stages. The 

range of preparation activities varies by mineral and the purity of any given ore deposit. While some 

minerals, such as petroleum and natural gas, require little or no preparation, others are washed and 

screened, while yet others, such as gold and silver, can be transformed into bullion before leaving the mine 

site. 

 Establishments in the Mining (except Oil and Gas) subsector include those that have complete 

responsibility for operating mines and quarries (except oil and gas wells) and those that operate mines and 

quarries (except oil and gas wells) for others on a contract or fee basis. Establishments primarily engaged 

in providing support services, on a contract or fee basis, required for the mining and quarrying of minerals 

are classified in Subsector 213, Support Activities for Mining. 

2121 Coal Mining 

21211 Coal Mining 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) mining 

bituminous coal, anthracite, and lignite by underground mining, auger mining, strip mining, culm bank 

mining, and other surface mining; (2) developing coal mine sites; and (3) beneficiating (i.e., preparing) coal 

(e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in Industry 32419, 

Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing coal products in steel mills--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel Mills 

and Ferroalloy Manufacturing. 

212111 Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

surface mining of bituminous coal and lignite; (2) developing bituminous coal and lignite surface mine 

sites; (3) surface mining and beneficiating (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal) of 

bituminous coal; or (4) beneficiating (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal), but not mining, 

bituminous coal. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 

324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; 

 Underground mining of bituminous coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212112, Bituminous Coal 

Underground Mining; and 

 Mining and/or beneficiating anthracite coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212113, Anthracite 

Mining. 

212112 Bituminous Coal Underground Mining US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

underground mining of bituminous coal; (2) developing bituminous coal underground mine sites; and (3) 

underground mining and beneficiating of bituminous coal (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing 

coal). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 

324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; 

 Surface mining and/or beneficiating of bituminous coal or lignite--are classified in U.S. Industry 

212111, Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining; and 

 Mining and/or beneficiating anthracite coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212113, Anthracite 

Mining. 

212113 Anthracite Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

mining anthracite coal; (2) developing anthracite coal mine sites; and (3) beneficiating anthracite coal (e.g., 

cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 

324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; 

 Surface mining and/or beneficiating bituminous coal or lignite--are classified in U.S. Industry 

212111, Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining; and 

 Underground mining of bituminous coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212112, Bituminous Coal 

Underground Mining. 

2122 Metal Ore Mining 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing mine sites or mining 

metallic minerals, and establishments primarily engaged in ore dressing and beneficiating (i.e., preparing) 

operations, such as crushing, grinding, washing, drying, sintering, concentrating, calcining, and leaching. 

Beneficiating may be performed at mills operated in conjunction with the mines served or at mills, such as 

custom mills, operated separately. 

21221 Iron Ore Mining 

 See industry description for 212210 below. 

 

212210 Iron Ore Mining 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) developing mine sites, mining, and/or 

beneficiating (i.e., preparing) iron ores and manganiferous ores valued chiefly for their iron content and/or 

(2) producing sinter iron ore (except iron ore produced in iron and steel mills) and other iron ore 

agglomerates. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pig iron ore are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, 

Iron and Steel Mills. 

21222 Gold Ore and Silver Ore Mining 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or 

beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their gold and or silver content. Establishments 
primarily engaged in the transformation of the gold and silver into bullion or dore bar in combination with 

mining activities are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gold or silver bullion or dore bar without mining are 

classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining. 

212221 Gold Ore Mining MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their gold content. Establishments primarily 

engaged in transformation of the gold into bullion or dore bar in combination with mining activities are 

included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gold bullion or dore bar without mining are classified 

in U.S. Industry 331419, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and 

Aluminum). 

212222 Silver Ore Mining MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their silver content. Establishments primarily 

engaged in transformation of the silver into bullion or dore bar in combination with mining activities are 

included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing silver bullion or dore bar without mining are 

classified in U.S. Industry 331419, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper 

and Aluminum). 

21223 Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or 

beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their copper, nickel, lead, or zinc content. 

Beneficiating includes the transformation of ores into concentrates. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining copper concentrates--are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except 

Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; and 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating iron and manganiferous ores valued for 

their iron content--are classified in Industry 21221, Iron Ore Mining. 

212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) lead ores, zinc ores, or lead-zinc ores. 

212234 Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) developing the mine site, mining, 

and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) copper and/or nickel ores; and (2) recovering copper concentrates by 

the precipitation, leaching, or electrowinning of copper ore. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in refining copper concentrates are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, 

Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper. 

21229 Other Metal Ore Mining 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or 

beneficiating (i.e., preparing) metal ores (except iron and manganiferous ores valued for their iron content, 

gold ore, silver ore, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc ore). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Antimony ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Tantalum ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Columbite ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Tungsten ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Ilmenite ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Uranium-radium-vanadium ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Molybdenum ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating iron and manganiferous ores valued chiefly 

for their iron content--are classified in Industry 21221, Iron Ore Mining; 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their gold or silver 

content--are classified in Industry 21222, Gold Ore and Silver Ore Mining; 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their copper, nickel, 

lead, or zinc content--are classified in Industry 21223, Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining; 

and 

 Enriching uranium--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic Inorganic Chemical 

Manufacturing. 

212291 Uranium-Radium-Vanadium Ore Mining CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) uranium-radium-vanadium ores. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in enriching uranium are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other 

Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing. 

212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) metal ores (except iron and manganiferous ores valued for their iron 

content, gold ore, silver ore, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, and uranium-radium-vanadium ore). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Antimony ores mining and/or beneficiating 
Rare-earth metal ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Columbite ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Tantalum ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Ilmenite ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Tungsten ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Molybdenum ores mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating iron and manganiferous ores valued for 

their iron content--are classified in Industry 212210, Iron Ore Mining; 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their gold or silver 

content--are classified in Industry 21222, Gold Ore and Silver Ore Mining; 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their copper, nickel, 

lead, or zinc content--are classified in Industry 21223, Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining; 

and 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating uranium-radium-vanadium ores--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 212291, Uranium-Radium-Vanadium Ore Mining. 

2123 Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing mine sites, or in mining or 

quarrying nonmetallic minerals (except fuels). Also included are certain well and brine operations, and 

preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating (e.g., crushing, grinding, washing, and concentrating) 

nonmetallic minerals. 

 Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles which can be separated 

into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. The operations that take 

place in beneficiation are primarily mechanical, such as grinding, washing, magnetic separation, and 

centrifugal separation. In contrast, manufacturing operations primarily use chemical and electrochemical 

processes, such as electrolysis and distillation. However, some treatments, such as heat treatments, take 

place in both the beneficiation and the manufacturing (i.e., smelting/refining) stages. The range of 

preparation activities varies by mineral and the purity of any given ore deposit. While some minerals, such 

as petroleum and natural gas, require little or no preparation, others are washed and screened, while yet 

others, such as gold and silver, can be transformed into bullion before leaving the mine site. 

21231 Stone Mining and Quarrying 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining or 

quarrying dimension stone (i.e., rough blocks and/or slabs of stone), or mining and quarrying crushed and 

broken stone and/or (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating stone (e.g., crushing, 

grinding, washing, screening, pulverizing, and sizing). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing lime--are classified in Industry 32741, Lime Manufacturing; and 

 Quarrying and dressing dimension stone--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic 

Mineral Product Manufacturing. 

212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining 

or quarrying dimension stone (i.e., rough blocks and/or slabs of stone). 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in dressing dimension stone and manufacturing stone products are 

classified in U.S. Industry 327991, Cut Stone and Stone Product Manufacturing. 

212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining or 

quarrying crushed and broken limestone (including related rocks, such as dolomite, cement rock, marl, 

travertine, and calcareous tufa); and (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating limestone 

(e.g., grinding or pulverizing). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; and 

 Mining or quarrying bituminous limestone--are classified in U.S. Industry 212319, Other Crushed 

and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying. 

212313 Crushed and Broken Granite Mining and Quarrying US 

 This U.S. industry comprises: (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, and/or 

mining or quarrying crushed and broken granite (including related rocks, such as gneiss, syenite, and 

diorite); and (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating granite (e.g., grinding or 

pulverizing). 

212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying US 

 This U.S. industry comprises: (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or 

mining or quarrying crushed and broken stone (except limestone and granite); (2) preparation plants 

primarily engaged in beneficiating (e.g., grinding and pulverizing) stone (except limestone and granite); 

and (3) establishments primarily engaged in mining or quarrying bituminous limestone and bituminous 

sandstone. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bituminous limestone mining and/or beneficiating 

Marble crushed and broken stone mining and/or beneficiating 

Bituminous sandstone mining and/or beneficiating 

Sandstone crushed and broken stone mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining or quarrying crushed and broken limestone--are classified in U.S. Industry 212312, 

Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; and 

 Mining or quarrying crushed and broken granite--are classified in U.S. Industry 212313, Crushed 

and Broken Granite Mining and Quarrying. 

21232 Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining, 

quarrying, dredging for sand and gravel, or mining clay, (e.g., china clay, paper clay and slip clay) and (2) 

preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating (e.g., washing, screening, and grinding) sand and 

gravel, clay, and ceramic and refractory minerals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic preparation) clay or refractory 

minerals--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; 
 Shaping, molding, baking, burning, or hardening nonclay ceramics, clay and nonclay refractories, 

and structural clay products--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and 

Refractories Manufacturing; and 

 Shaping, molding, glazing, and firing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in 

Industry 32711, Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing. 

212321 Construction Sand and Gravel Mining MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

operating commercial grade (i.e., construction) sand and gravel pits; (2) dredging for commercial grade 

sand and gravel; and (3) washing, screening, or otherwise preparing commercial grade sand and gravel. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in mining industrial grade sand are classified in U.S. Industry 212322, 

Industrial Sand Mining. 

212322 Industrial Sand Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

operating industrial grade sand pits; (2) dredging for industrial grade sand; and (3) washing, screening, or 

otherwise preparing industrial grade sand. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in mining commercial (i.e., construction) grade gravel are classified in 

U.S. Industry 212321, Construction Sand and Gravel Mining. 

212324 Kaolin and Ball Clay Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or 

mining kaolin or ball clay (e.g., china clay, paper clay, and slip clay) and (2) establishments primarily 

engaged in beneficiating (i.e., preparing) kaolin or ball clay. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic 

preparation) kaolin and ball clay are classified in U.S. Industry 327992, Ground or Treated Mineral and 

Earth Manufacturing. 

212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

mining clay (except kaolin and ball), ceramic, or refractory minerals; (2) developing the mine site for clay, 

ceramic, or refractory minerals; and (3) beneficiating (i.e., preparing) clay (except kaolin and ball), 

ceramic, or refractory minerals. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bentonite mining and/or beneficiating 

Fuller's earth mining and/or beneficiating 

Common clay mining and/or beneficiating 

Magnesite mining and/or beneficiating 

Feldspar mining and/or beneficiating 

Nepheline syenite mining and/or beneficiating 

Fire clay mining and/or beneficiating 
Shale (except oil shale) mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Shaping, molding, baking, burning, or hardening clay and nonclay refractories, and structural clay 

products--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories 

Manufacturing; 

 Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating kaolin or ball clay--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 212324, Kaolin and Ball Clay Mining; and 

 Shaping, molding, glazing, and firing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in 

Industry 32711, Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing. 

21239 Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or 

milling or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) nonmetallic minerals (except coal, stone, sand, gravel, 

clay, ceramic, and refractory minerals). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barite mining and/or beneficiating 

Phosphate rock mining and/or beneficiating 

Borate, natural, mining and/or beneficiating 

Potash mining and/or beneficiating 

Peat mining and/or beneficiating 

Rock salt mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining or quarrying dimension stone--are classified in Industry 21231, Stone Mining and 

Quarrying; 

 Mining or quarrying sand, gravel, clay and ceramic and refractory minerals--are classified in 

Industry 21232, Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying; 

 Calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic preparation) minerals, such as 

talc, mica, feldspar, barite, and soapstone--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic 

Mineral Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing boron compounds and potassium salts--are classified in Industry 32518, Other 

Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing table salt--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing salt (except table salt)--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical 

Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing phosphoric acid, superphosphates, or other phosphatic fertilizer materials--are 

classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing. 

212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining 

and/or milling, or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) natural potassium, sodium, or boron compounds. 

Drylake brine operations are included in this industry, as well as establishments engaged in producing the 

specified minerals from underground and open pit mines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing boron compounds and potassium salts--are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All 

Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing sodium carbonate--are classified in U.S. Industry 325181, Alkalies and Chlorine 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing table salt--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. 

212392 Phosphate Rock Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

milling, and/or drying or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) phosphate rock. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing phosphoric acid, superphosphates, or other 

phosphatic fertilizer materials are classified in U.S. Industry 325312, Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing. 

212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, 

milling, and/or drying or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) chemical or fertilizer mineral raw 

materials (except potash, soda, boron, and phosphate rock). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barite mining and/or beneficiating 

Rock salt mining and/or beneficiating 

Celestite mining and/or beneficiating 

Sulfur mining and/or beneficiating 

Fluorspar mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating natural potassium, sodium, or boron compounds-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 212391, Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; 

 Manufacturing industrial salt--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Mining, milling, drying, and/or sintering or otherwise beneficiating phosphate rock--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 212392, Phosphate Rock Mining; and 

 Manufacturing table salt--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. 

212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining 

and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) nonmetallic minerals (except stone, sand, gravel, 

clay, ceramic, refractory minerals, chemical and fertilizer minerals). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Gypsum mining and/or beneficiating 

Soapstone mining and/or beneficiating 

Mica mining and/or beneficiating 

Talc mining and/or beneficiating 

Pyrophyllite mining and/or beneficiating 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining or quarrying stone--are classified in Industry 21231, Stone Mining and Quarrying; 
 Mining, quarrying, or beneficiating sand, gravel, clay, and ceramic and refractory minerals--are 

classified in Industry 21232, Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining 

and Quarrying; 

 Mining, quarrying or beneficiating natural potash, soda, and borate--are classified in U.S. Industry 

212391, Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; and 

 Mining and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating phosphate rock--are classified in U.S. Industry 

212392, Phosphate Rock Mining. 

213 Support Activities for Mining 

 Industries in the Support Activities for Mining subsector group establishments primarily providing 

support services, on a contract or fee basis, required for the mining and quarrying of minerals and for the 

extraction of oil and gas. Establishments performing exploration (except geophysical surveying and 

mapping) for minerals, on a contract or fee basis, are included in this subsector. Exploration includes 

traditional prospecting methods, such as taking core samples and making geological observations at 

prospective sites. 

 The activities performed on a contract or fee basis by establishments in the Support Activities for Mining 

subsector are also often performed in-house by mining operators. These activities include: taking core 

samples, making geological observations at prospective sites, excavating slush pits and cellars, and such oil 

and gas operations as spudding in, drilling in, redrilling, directional drilling, well surveying; running, 

cutting, and pulling casings, tubes and rods; cementing wells, shooting wells; perforating well casings; 

acidizing and chemically treating wells; and cleaning out, bailing, and swabbing wells. 

2131 Support Activities for Mining 

21311 Support Activities for Mining 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support services, on a contract or 

fee basis, required for the mining and quarrying of minerals and for the extraction of oil and gas. Drilling, 

taking core samples, and making geological observations at prospective sites (except geophysical surveying 

and mapping) for minerals, on a contract or fee basis, are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for minerals (i.e., coal, metal ores, oil 

and gas, and nonmetallic minerals) on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 54136, 

Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Mining, quarrying, and/or beneficiating on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Subsector 212, 

Mining (except Oil and Gas) based on the mineral mined; and 

 Operating oil and gas field properties on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Subsector 211, 

Oil and Gas Extraction, based on the activity. 

213111 Drilling Oil and Gas Wells 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drilling oil and gas wells for others on 

a contract or fee basis. This industry includes contractors that specialize in spudding in, drilling in, 

redrilling, and directional drilling. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping) services for oil and gas on a 

contract or fee basis--are classified in U.S. Industry 213112, Support Activities for Oil and Gas 

Operations; and 

 Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for oil and gas on a contract or fee basis--

are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services. 
213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing support activities on a 

contract or fee basis for oil and gas operations (except site preparation and related construction activities). 

Services included are exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping); excavating slush pits and 

cellars, well surveying; running, cutting, and pulling casings, tubes, and rods; cementing wells, shooting 

wells; perforating well casings; acidizing and chemically treating wells; and cleaning out, bailing, and 

swabbing wells. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Contract drilling for oil and gas--are classified in U.S. Industry 213111, Drilling Oil and Gas 

Wells; 

 Operating oil and gas field properties on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 21111, 

Oil and Gas Extraction; 

 Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for oil and gas on a contract or fee basis--

are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Oil and gas pipeline and related structures construction--are classified in Industry 237120, Oil and 

Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; and 

 Site preparation and related construction activities on a contract or fee basis--are classified in 

Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. 

213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities for coal 

mining (except site preparation and related construction activities) on a contract or fee basis. Exploration 

for coal is included in this industry. Exploration includes traditional prospecting methods, such as taking 

core samples and making geological observations at prospective sites. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for coal on a contract or fee basis--are 

classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Operating coal mines or quarries on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 21211, Coal 

Mining, based on the type of coal mined; and 

 Site preparation and related construction activities on a contract or fee basis--are classified in 

Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. 

213114 Support Activities for Metal Mining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities (except site 

preparation and related construction activities) on a contract or fee basis for the mining and quarrying of 

metallic minerals and for the extraction of metal ores. Exploration for minerals is included in this industry. 

Exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping services) includes traditional prospecting methods, 

such as taking core samples and making geological observations at prospective sites. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for metallic minerals on a contract or fee 

basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Operating metallic mineral mines or quarries on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 

Group 2122, Metal Ore Mining, based on the type of ore mined; and 

 Site preparation and related construction activities on a contract or fee basis--are classified in 

Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. 

213115 Support Activities for Nonmetallic Minerals (except Fuels) Mining US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities, on a fee or 

contract basis, for the mining and quarrying of nonmetallic minerals (except fuel) and for the extraction of 

nonmetallic minerals (except site preparation and related construction activities). Exploration for minerals 

is included in this industry. Exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping services) includes 

traditional prospecting methods, such as taking core samples and making geological observations at 

prospective sites. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for nonmetallic minerals on a contract or 

fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Operating nonmetallic mineral mines or quarries on a contract or fee basis--are classified in 

Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying, based on the type of mineral 

mined or quarried; and 

 Site preparation and related construction activities--are classified in Industry 238910, Site 

Preparation Contractors. 
Sector 22--Utilities 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Utilities sector comprises establishments engaged in the provision of the following utility services: 

electric power, natural gas, steam supply, water supply, and sewage removal. Within this sector, the 

specific activities associated with the utility services provided vary by utility: electric power includes 

generation, transmission, and distribution; natural gas includes distribution; steam supply includes 

provision and/or distribution; water supply includes treatment and distribution; and sewage removal 

includes collection, treatment, and disposal of waste through sewer systems and sewage treatment facilities. 

 Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in waste management services classified 

in Subsector 562, Waste Management and Remediation Services. These establishments also collect, treat, 

and dispose of waste materials; however, they do not use sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities. 

221 Utilities CAN 

 Industries in the Utilities subsector provide electric power, natural gas, steam supply, water supply, and 

sewage removal through a permanent infrastructure of lines, mains, and pipes. Establishments are grouped 

together based on the utility service provided and the particular system or facilities required to perform the 

service. 

2211 Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in generating, transmitting, and/or 

distributing electric power. Establishments in this industry group may perform one or more of the 

following activities: (1) operate generation facilities that produce electric energy; (2) operate transmission 

systems that convey the electricity from the generation facility to the distribution system; and (3) operate 

distribution systems that convey electric power received from the generation facility or the transmission 

system to the final consumer. 

22111 Electric Power Generation CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power generation 

facilities. These facilities convert other forms of energy, such as water power (i.e., hydroelectric), fossil 

fuels, nuclear power, and solar power, into electrical energy. The establishments in this industry produce 

electric energy and provide electricity to transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating trash incinerators that also generate electricity are 

classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal. 

221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating hydroelectric power 

generation facilities. These facilities use water power to drive a turbine and produce electric energy. The 

electric energy produced in these establishments is provided to electric power transmission systems or to 

electric power distribution systems. 

 

221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating fossil fuel powered electric 

power generation facilities. These facilities use fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or gas, in internal combustion 

or combustion turbine conventional steam process to produce electric energy. The electric energy produced 
in these establishments is provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution 

systems. 

 

221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating nuclear electric power 

generation facilities. These facilities use nuclear power to produce electric energy. The electric energy 

produced in these establishments is provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power 

distribution systems. 

 

221119 Other Electric Power Generation CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power generation 

facilities (except hydroelectric, fossil fuel, nuclear). These facilities convert other forms of energy, such as 

solar, wind, or tidal power, into electrical energy. The electric energy produced in these establishments is 

provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating trash disposal incinerators that also generate electricity--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562213, Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; 

 Operating hydroelectric power generation facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 221111, 

Hydroelectric Power Generation; 

 Operating fossil fuel powered electric power generation facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 

221112, Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; and 

 Operating nuclear electric power generation facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 221113, 

Nuclear Electric Power Generation. 

22112 Electric Power Transmission, Control, and Distribution CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power transmission 

systems, controlling (i.e., regulating voltages) the transmission of electricity, and/or distributing electricity. 

The transmission system includes lines and transformer stations. These establishments arrange, facilitate, 

or coordinate the transmission of electricity from the generating source to the distribution centers, other 

electric utilities, or final consumers. The distribution system consists of lines, poles, meters, and wiring 

that deliver the electricity to final consumers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in generating electric energy are classified in Industry 22111, Electric 

Power Generation. 

221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power transmission 

systems and/or controlling (i.e., regulatory voltage) the transmission of electricity from the generating 

source to distribution centers or other electric utilities. The transmission system includes lines and 

transformer stations. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Generating electric energy--are classified in Industry 22111, Electric Power Generation; and 

 Distributing electricity to final consumers--are classified in U.S. Industry 221122, Electric Power 

Distribution. 

221122 Electric Power Distribution CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises electric power establishments primarily engaged in either (1) operating 

electric power distribution systems (i.e., consisting of lines, poles, meters, and wiring) or (2) operating as 

electric power brokers or agents that arrange the sale of electricity via power distribution systems operated 

by others. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Generating electric energy--are classified in Industry 22111, Electric Power Generation; and 

 Transmitting electricity between generating sources or distribution centers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 221121, Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control. 

2212 Natural Gas Distribution CAN 

22121 Natural Gas Distribution CAN 

 See industry description for 221210 below. 

221210 Natural Gas Distribution CAN 

 This industry comprises: (1) establishments primarily engaged in operating gas distribution systems (e.g., 

mains, meters); (2) establishments known as gas marketers that buy gas from the well and sell it to a 

distribution system; (3) establishments known as gas brokers or agents that arrange the sale of gas over gas 

distribution systems operated by others; and (4) establishments primarily engaged in transmitting and 

distributing gas to final consumers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Pipeline transportation of natural gas from process plants to local distribution systems--are 

classified in Industry 486210, Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; and 

 Retailing liquefied petroleum (LP) gas via direct selling--are classified in U.S. Industry 454312, 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers. 

2213 Water, Sewage and Other Systems CAN 

22131 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems CAN 

 See industry description for 221310 below. 

221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating water treatment plants and/or 

operating water supply systems. The water supply system may include pumping stations, aqueducts, and/or 

distribution mains. The water may be used for drinking, irrigation, or other uses. 

22132 Sewage Treatment Facilities CAN 

 See industry description for 221320 below. 

221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating sewer systems or sewage 

treatment facilities that collect, treat, and dispose of waste. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating waste treatment or disposal facilities (except sewer systems or sewage treatment 

facilities)--are classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal; 
 Pumping (i.e., cleaning) septic tanks and cesspools--are classified in U.S. Industry 562991, Septic 

Tank and Related Services; and 

 Cleaning and rodding sewers and catch basins--are classified in U.S. Industry 562998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Waste Management Services. 

22133 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply CAN 

 See industry description for 221330 below. 

221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing steam, heated air, or cooled air. 

The steam distribution may be through mains. 
Sector 23--Construction 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The construction sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of buildings or 

engineering projects (e.g., highways and utility systems). Establishments primarily engaged in the 

preparation of sites for new construction and establishments primarily engaged in subdividing land for sale 

as building sites also are included in this sector. 

 Construction work done may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. 

Activities of these establishments generally are managed at a fixed place of business, but they usually 

perform construction activities at multiple project sites. Production responsibilities for establishments in 

this sector are usually specified in (1) contracts with the owners of construction projects (prime contracts) 

or (2) contracts with other construction establishments (subcontracts). 

 Establishments primarily engaged in contracts that include responsibility for all aspects of individual 

construction projects are commonly known as general contractors, but also may be known as designbuilders, construction managers, turnkey contractors, or (in cases where two or more establishments jointly 

secure a general contract) joint-venture contractors. Construction managers that provide oversight and 

scheduling only (i.e., agency) as well as construction managers that are responsible for the entire project 

(i.e., at risk) are included as general contractor type establishments. Establishments of the "general 

contractor type" frequently arrange construction of separate parts of their projects through subcontracts 

with other construction establishments. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in activities to produce a specific component (e.g., masonry, painting, 

and electrical work) of a construction project are commonly known as specialty trade contractors. 

Activities of specialty trade contractors are usually subcontracted from other construction establishments, 

but especially in remodeling and repair construction, the work may be done directly for the owner of the 

property. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in activities to construct buildings to be sold on sites that they own are 

known as operative builders, but also may be known as speculative builders or merchant builders. 

Operative builders produce buildings in a manner similar to general contractors, but their production 

processes also include site acquisition and securing of financial backing. Operative builders are most often 

associated with the construction of residential buildings. Like general contractors, they may subcontract all 

or part of the actual construction work on their buildings. 

 There are substantial differences in the types of equipment, work force skills, and other inputs required by 

establishments in this sector. To highlight these differences and variations in the underlying production 

functions, this sector is divided into three subsectors. 

 Subsector 236, Construction of Buildings, comprises establishments of the general contractor type and 

operative builders involved in the construction of buildings. Subsector 237, Heavy and Civil Engineering 

Construction, comprises establishments involved in the construction of engineering projects. Subsector 

238, Specialty Trade Contractors, comprises establishments engaged in specialty trade activities generally 

needed in the construction of all types of buildings. 

 Force account construction is construction work performed by an enterprise primarily engaged in some 

business other than construction for its own account and use, using employees of the enterprise. This 

activity is not included in the construction sector unless the construction work performed is the primary 

activity of a separate establishment of the enterprise. The installation and the ongoing repair and 

maintenance of telecommunications and utility networks is excluded from construction when the 

establishments performing the work are not independent contractors. Although a growing proportion of 

this work is subcontracted to independent contractors in the Construction Sector, the operating units of 

telecommunications and utility companies performing this work are included with the telecommunications 

or utility activities. 

236 Construction of Buildings 

 The Construction of Buildings subsector comprises establishments primarily responsible for the 

construction of buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or 

maintenance and repairs. The on-site assembly of precut, panelized, and prefabricated buildings and 
construction of temporary buildings are included in this subsector. Part or all of the production work for 

which the establishments in this subsector have responsibility may be subcontracted to other construction 

establishments--usually specialty trade contractors. 

 Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the types of buildings they construct. This 

classification reflects variations in the requirements of the underlying production processes. 

2361 Residential Building Construction 

23611 Residential Building Construction 

 This Industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction or remodeling and 

renovation of single-family and multifamily residential buildings. Included in this industry are residential 

housing general contractors (i.e., new construction, remodeling, or renovating existing residential 

structures), operative builders and remodelers of residential structures, residential project construction 

management firms, and residential design-build firms. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Performing specialized construction work on houses and other residential buildings, generally on a 

subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; 

 Performing manufactured (mobile) home setup and tie-down work--are classified in Industry 

23899, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; and 

 Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 

53111, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

236115 New Single-Family Housing Construction (except Operative Builders) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises general contractor establishments primarily responsible for the entire 

construction of new single-family housing, such as single-family detached houses and town houses or row 

houses where each housing unit (1) is separated from its neighbors by a ground-to-roof wall and (2) has no 

housing units constructed above or below. This industry includes general contractors responsible for the 

on-site assembly of modular and prefabricated houses. Single-family housing design-build firms and 

single-family construction management firms acting as general contractors are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Building single-family houses on their own account for sale as speculative builders or merchant 

builders--are classified in U.S. Industry 236117, New Housing Operative Builders; 

 Remodeling or repairing existing houses and other residential buildings--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 236118, Residential Remodelers; 

 Performing manufactured (mobile) home setup and tie-down work--are classified in Industry 

238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; 

 Performing specialized construction work on houses and other residential buildings, generally on a 

subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and 

 Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 

531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

236116 New Multifamily Housing Construction (except Operative Builders) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises general contractor establishments responsible for the construction of new 

multifamily residential housing units (e.g., high-rise, garden, town house apartments, and condominiums 

where each unit is not separated from its neighbors by a ground-to-roof wall). Multifamily design-build 

firms and multifamily housing construction management firms acting as general contractors are included in 

this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Building multifamily buildings on their own account for sale as speculative builders or merchant 

builders--are classified in U.S. Industry 236117, New Housing Operative Builders; 

 Remodeling or repairing existing multifamily housing and other residential buildings--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 236118, Residential Remodelers; 

 Performing specialized construction work on multifamily housing and other residential buildings, 

generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and 

 Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 

531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

236117 New Housing Operative Builders US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building new homes on land that is 

owned or controlled by the builder rather than the homebuyer or investor. The land is included with the 

sale of the home. Establishments in this industry build single and/or multifamily homes. These 

establishments are often referred to as merchant builders, but are also known as production or for-sale 

builders. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Building single-family houses for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 

236115, New Single-Family Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); 

 Building multifamily residential buildings for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 236116, New Multifamily Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); 

 Remodeling or repairing existing houses and other residential buildings, either for others or on 

own account for sale--are classified in U.S. Industry 236118, Residential Remodelers; 

 Performing specialized construction work on houses or other residential buildings, generally on a 

subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and 

 Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 

531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

236118 Residential Remodelers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the remodeling construction 

(including additions, alterations, reconstruction, maintenance, and repair work) of houses and other 

residential buildings, single-family, and multifamily. Included in this industry are remodeling general 

contractors, operative remodelers, remodeling design-build firms, and remodeling project construction 

management firms. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Building single-family houses for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 

236115, New Single-Family Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); 

 Building multifamily buildings for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 

236116, New Multifamily Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); 

 Building houses or other residential buildings, on their own account for sale as speculative 

builders or merchant builders--are classified in U.S. Industry 236117, New Housing Operative 

Builders; 

 Remodeling nonresidential buildings--are classified in Industry Group 2362, Nonresidential 

Building Construction, based on the type of structure being remodeled; 

 Performing specialized construction work on houses or other residential buildings generally on a 

subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and 

 Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 

531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

2362 Nonresidential Building Construction 
 This industry group comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction (including new 

work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs) of nonresidential buildings. This industry group 

includes nonresidential general contractors, nonresidential operative builders, nonresidential design-build 

firms, and nonresidential project construction management firms. 

23621 Industrial Building Construction 

 See industry description for 236210 below. 

236210 Industrial Building Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction (including new work, 

additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs) of industrial buildings (except warehouses). The 

construction of selected additional structures, whose production processes are similar to those for industrial 

buildings (e.g., incinerators, cement plants, blast furnaces, and similar nonbuilding structures), is included 

in this industry. Included in this industry are industrial building general contractors, industrial building 

operative builders, industrial building design-build firms, and industrial building construction management 

firms. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Assembly plant construction 

Furnace, industrial plant, construction 

Cannery construction 

Mine loading and discharging station construction 

Cement plant construction 

Paper or pulp mill construction 

Chemical plant (except petrochemical) construction 

Pharmaceutical manufacturing plant construction 

Factory construction 

Steel mill construction 

Food processing plant construction 

Waste disposal plant (except sewage treatment) construction 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing oil refineries and petrochemical plants--are classified in Industry 237120, Oil and 

Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; 

 Constructing water treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, and pumping stations for water and 

sewer systems--are classified in Industry 237110, Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures 

Construction; 

 Constructing power generation plants (except hydroelectric)--are classified in Industry 237130, 

Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; 

 Constructing industrial warehouses--are classified in Industry 236220, Commercial and 

Institutional Building Construction; and 

 Performing specialized construction work on industrial buildings, generally on a subcontract 

basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors. 

23622 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction 

 See industry description for 236220 below. 

236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction (including new work, 

additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs) of commercial and institutional buildings and related 

structures, such as stadiums, grain elevators, and indoor swimming facilities. This industry includes 
establishments responsible for the on-site assembly of modular or prefabricated commercial and 

institutional buildings. Included in this industry are commercial and institutional building general 

contractors, commercial and institutional building operative builders, commercial and institutional building 

design-build firms, and commercial and institutional building project construction management firms. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Airport building construction 

Office building construction 

Arena construction 

Parking garage construction 

Barrack construction 

Prison construction 

Farm building construction 

Radio and television broadcast studio construction 

Fire station construction 

Religious building (e.g., church, synagogue, mosque, temple) construction 

Grain elevator construction 

Restaurant construction 

Hospital construction 

School building construction 

Hotel construction 

Shopping mall construction 

Indoor swimming facility construction 

Warehouse construction (e.g., commercial, industrial, manufacturing, private) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing structures that are integral parts of utility systems (e.g., storage tanks, pumping 

stations) or are used to produce products for these systems (e.g., power plants, refineries)--are 

classified in Industry Group 2371, Utility System Construction, based on type of construction 

project; 

 Performing specialized construction work on commercial and institutional buildings, generally on 

a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and 

 Constructing buildings on their own account for rent or lease--are classified in Industry Group 

5311, Lessors of Real Estate. 

237 Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction 

 The Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction subsector comprises establishments whose primary 

activity is the construction of entire engineering projects (e.g., highways and dams), and specialty trade 

contractors, whose primary activity is the production of a specific component for such projects. Specialty 

trade contractors in Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction generally are performing activities that are 

specific to heavy and civil engineering construction projects and are not normally performed on buildings. 

The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. 

 Specialty trade activities are classified in this subsector if the skills and equipment present are specific to 

heavy or civil engineering construction projects. For example, specialized equipment is needed to paint 

lines on highways. This equipment is not normally used in building applications so the activity is classified 

in this subsector. Traffic signal installation, while specific to highways, uses much of the same skills and 

equipment that are needed for electrical work in building projects and is therefore classified in Subsector 

238, Specialty Trade Contractors. 

 Construction projects involving water resources (e.g., dredging and land drainage) and projects involving 

open space improvement (e.g., parks and trails) are included in this subsector. Establishments whose 

primary activity is the subdivision of land into individual building lots usually perform various additional 

site-improvement activities (e.g., road building and utility line installation) and are included in this 

subsector. 
 Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the types of structures that they construct. This 

classification reflects variations in the requirements of the underlying production processes. 

2371 Utility System Construction 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of distribution lines 

and related buildings and structures for utilities (i.e., water, sewer, petroleum, gas, power, and 

communication). All structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of utility systems (e.g., storage 

tanks, pumping stations, power plants, and refineries) are included in this industry group. 

23711 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction 

 See industry description for 237110 below. 

237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of water and sewer lines, 

mains, pumping stations, treatment plants, and storage tanks. The work performed may include new work, 

reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are 

engaged in activities primarily related to water, sewer line, and related structures construction. All 

structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of water and sewer networks (e.g., storage tanks, 

pumping stations, water treatment plants, and sewage treatment plants) are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Distribution line, sewer and water, construction 

Sewer main, pipe, and connection, construction 

Fire hydrant installation 

Storm sewer construction 

Irrigation systems construction 

Water main and line construction 

Pumping station, water and sewage system, construction 

Water system storage tank and tower construction 

Reservoir construction 

Water treatment plant construction 

Sewage disposal plant construction 

Water well drilling, digging, boring, or sinking (except water intake wells in oil and gas fields) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in constructing marine facilities (e.g., ports), flood control structures, 

dams, or hydroelectric power generation facilities are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil 

Engineering Construction. 

23712 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction 

 See industry description for 237120 below. 

237120 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of oil and gas lines, mains, 

refineries, and storage tanks. The work performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, 

and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily 

related to oil and gas pipeline and related structures construction. All structures (including buildings) that 

are integral parts of oil and gas networks (e.g., storage tanks, pumping stations, and refineries) are included 

in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Distribution line, gas and oil, construction 

Oil refinery construction 

Gas main construction 

Petrochemical plant construction 

Gathering line, gas and oil field, construction 

Pumping station, gas and oil transmission, construction 

Natural gas pipeline construction 

Storage tank, natural gas or oil, tank farm or field, construction 

Natural gas processing plant construction 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in building chemical plants (except petrochemical) and similar process 

or batch facilities are classified in Industry 236210, Industrial Building Construction. 

23713 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction 

 See industry description for 237130 below. 

237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of power lines and towers, 

power plants, and radio, television, and telecommunications transmitting/receiving towers. The work 

performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors 

are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily related to power and communication 

line and related structures construction. All structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of power 

and communication networks (e.g., transmitting towers, substations, and power plants) are included. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alternative energy (e.g., geothermal, ocean wave, solar, wind) structure construction 

Power line stringing 

Cellular phone tower construction 

Radio transmitting tower construction 

Co-generation plant construction 

Satellite receiving station construction 

Communication tower construction 

Telephone line stringing 

Electric light and power plant (except hydroelectric) construction 

Transformer station and substation, electric power, construction 

Electric power transmission line and tower construction 

Underground cable (e.g., cable television, electricity, telephone) laying 

Nuclear power plant construction 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing hydroelectric generating facilities--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy 

and Civil Engineering Construction; 

 Constructing broadcast studios and similar nonresidential buildings--are classified in Industry 

236220, Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; 

 Performing electrical work within buildings--are classified in Industry 238210, Electrical 

Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; 

 Line slashing or cutting (except maintenance)--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation 

Contractors; 

 Installing and maintaining communication transmission lines performed by telecommunications 

companies--are classified in Subsector 517, Telecommunications; 
 Locating underground utility lines prior to digging--are classified in Industry 561990, All Other 

Support Services; and 

 Tree and brush trimming for overhead utility lines--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping 

Services. 

2372 Land Subdivision 

23721 Land Subdivision 

 See industry description for 237210 below. 

237210 Land Subdivision CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in servicing land and subdividing real property 

into lots, for subsequent sale to builders. Servicing of land may include excavation work for the installation 

of roads and utility lines. The extent of work may vary from project to project. Land subdivision precedes 

building activity and the subsequent building is often residential, but may also be commercial tracts and 

industrial parks. These establishments may do all the work themselves or subcontract the work to others. 

Establishments that perform only the legal subdivision of land are not included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing buildings, for sale, on lots they subdivide--are classified based on the type of 

construction project, in Industry Group 2361, Residential Building Construction, or Industry 

Group 2362, Nonresidential Building Construction; 

 Installing roads on a subcontract basis for land subdividers--are classified in Industry 237310, 

Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; 

 Installing utilities on a subcontract basis for land subdividers--are classified in Industry Group 

2371, Utility System Construction; 

 Preparing land owned by others for building construction--are classified in Industry 238910, Site 

Preparation Contractors; 

 Constructing buildings, for rent or own use, on lots they subdivide--are classified in Industry 

Group 5311, Lessors of Real Estate; and 

 Legal subdivision of land without land preparation--are classified elsewhere in the classification 

system based on the primary activity of the establishment. 

2373 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction 

23731 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction 

 See industry description for 237310 below. 

237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of highways (including 

elevated), streets, roads, airport runways, public sidewalks, or bridges. The work performed may include 

new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group 

if they are engaged in activities primarily related to highway, street, and bridge construction (e.g., installing 

guardrails on highways). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Airport runway construction 

Highway line painting 

Causeway construction 

Painting traffic lanes or parking lot lines 

Culverts, highway, road, and street, construction 

Pothole filling, highway, road, street, or bridge 
Elevated highway construction 

Resurfacing, highway, road, street, or bridge 

Guardrail construction 

Sign erection, highway, road, street, or bridge 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing tunnels--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil Engineering 

Construction; 

 Highway lighting and signal installation--are classified in Industry 238210, Electrical Contractors 

and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; 

 Painting bridges--are classified in Industry 238320, Painting and Wall Covering Contractors; and 

 Constructing parking lots, private driveways, sidewalks, or erecting billboards--are classified in 

Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors. 

2379 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction 

23799 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction 

 See industry description for 237990 below. 

237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in heavy and engineering construction projects 

(excluding highway, street, bridge, and distribution line construction). The work performed may include 

new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group 

if they are engaged in activities primarily related to engineering construction projects (excluding highway, 

street, bridge, distribution line, oil and gas structure, and utilities building and structure construction). 

Construction projects involving water resources (e.g., dredging and land drainage), development of marine 

facilities, and projects involving open space improvement (e.g., parks and trails) are included in this 

industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Channel construction 

Land drainage contractors 

Dam construction 

Marine construction 

Dock construction 

Microtunneling contractors 

Dredging (e.g., canal, channel, ditch, waterway) 

Nuclear waste disposal site construction 

Earth retention system construction 

Park ground and recreational open space improvement construction 

Flood control project construction 

Railroad construction 

Golf course construction 

Subway construction 

Horizontal drilling (e.g., cable, pipeline, sewer installation) 

Trenching, underwater 

Hydroelectric generating station construction 

Tunnel construction 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing water mains, sewers, and related structures--are classified in Industry 237110, Water 

and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; 
 Constructing oil and gas pipelines and related structures--are classified in Industry 237120, Oil 

and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; 

 Constructing power and communication transmission lines and related structures--are classified in 

Industry 237130, Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; 

 Constructing highways, streets, and bridges--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, 

and Bridge Construction; and 

 Trenching (except underwater)--are classified in U.S. Industry 238910, Site Preparation 

Contractors. 

238 Specialty Trade Contractors 

 The Specialty Trade Contractors subsector comprises establishments whose primary activity is 

performing specific activities (e.g., pouring concrete, site preparation, plumbing, painting, and electrical 

work) involved in building construction or other activities that are similar for all types of construction, but 

that are not responsible for the entire project. The work performed may include new work, additions, 

alterations, maintenance, and repairs. The production work performed by establishments in this subsector 

is usually subcontracted from establishments of the general contractor type or operative builders, but 

especially in remodeling and repair construction, work also may be done directly for the owner of the 

property. Specialty trade contractors usually perform most of their work at the construction site, although 

they may have shops where they perform prefabrication and other work. Establishments primarily engaged 

in preparing sites for new construction are also included in this subsector. 

 There are substantial differences in types of equipment, work force skills, and other inputs required by 

specialty trade contractors. Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the underlying 

production function for the specialty trade in which they specialize. Throughout the Specialty Trade 

Contractors subsector, establishments commonly provide both the parts and labor required to complete 

work. For example, electrical contractors supply the current-carrying and noncurrent-carrying wiring 

devices that are required to install a circuit. Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning contractors also 

supply the parts required to complete a contract. 

 Establishments that specialize in activities primarily related to heavy and civil engineering construction 

that are not normally performed on buildings, such as the painting of lines on highways are classified in 

Subsector 237, Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction. 

 Establishments that are primarily engaged in selling construction materials are classified in Sector 42, 

Wholesale Trade, or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, based on the characteristics of the selling unit. 

2381 Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the specialty trades needed to 

complete the basic structure (i.e., foundation, frame, and shell) of buildings. The work performed may 

include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

23811 Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238110 below. 

238110 Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring and finishing concrete foundations 

and structural elements. This industry also includes establishments performing grout and shotcrete work. 

The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Concrete pouring and finishing 

Gunite contractors 

Concrete pumping (i.e., placement) 

Mud-jacking contractors 

Concrete work (except paving) 
Shotcrete contractors 

Footing and foundation concrete contractors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Constructing or paving streets, highways, and public sidewalks--are classified in Industry 237310, 

Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; 

 Concrete sealing, coating, waterproofing, or dampproofing--are classified in Industry 238390, 

Other Building Finishing Contractors; and 

 Paving residential driveways, commercial parking lots, and other private parking areas--are 

classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors. 

23812 Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors 

 See industry description for 238120 below. 

238120 Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) erecting and assembling structural parts 

made from steel or precast concrete (e.g., steel beams, structural steel components, and similar products of 

precast concrete); and/or (2) assembling and installing other steel construction products (e.g., steel rods, 

bars, rebar, mesh, and cages) to reinforce poured-in-place concrete. The work performed may include new 

work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Concrete product (e.g., structural precast, structural prestressed) installation 

Rebar contractors 

Erecting structural steel 

Reinforcing steel contractors 

Placing and tying reinforcing rod at a construction site 

Structural steel contractors 

Precast concrete panel, slab, or form installation 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in pouring concrete at the construction site for building foundations or 

structural elements are classified in Industry 238110, Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure 

Contractors. 

23813 Framing Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238130 below. 

238130 Framing Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in structural framing and sheathing using 

materials other than structural steel or concrete. The work performed may include new work, additions, 

alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Building framing (except structural steel) 

Post frame contractors 

Foundation, building, wood, contractors 

Steel framing contractors 

Framing contractors 

Wood frame component (e.g., truss) fabrication on site 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Finish carpentry--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors; and 

 Installing structural steel, precast concrete framing, or structural elements--are classified in 

Industry 238120, Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors. 

23814 Masonry Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238140 below. 

238140 Masonry Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in masonry work, stone setting, brick laying, 

and other stone work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and 

repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Block laying 

Marble, granite, and slate, exterior, contractors 

Brick laying 

Masonry pointing, cleaning, or caulking 

Concrete block laying 

Stucco contractors 

Foundation (e.g., brick, block, stone), building, contractors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Erecting the basic structure of buildings by pouring concrete--are classified in Industry 238110, 

Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors; 

 Interior marble, granite, and slate work--are classified in Industry 238340, Tile and Terrazzo 

Contractors; and 

 Laying precast stones or bricks for patios, sidewalks, and driveways; or paving residential 

driveways, commercial parking lots and other private parking areas--are classified in Industry 

238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors. 

23815 Glass and Glazing Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238150 below. 

238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing glass panes in prepared openings 

(i.e., glazing work) and other glass work for buildings. The work performed may include new work, 

additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Decorative glass and mirror installation 

Glazing contractors 

Glass cladding installation 

Stained glass installation 

Glass coating and tinting (except automotive) contractors 

Window pane or sheet installation 

Glass installation (except automotive) contractors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Installing prefabricated window units--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry 

Contractors; and 

 The replacement, repair, and/or tinting of automotive glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 811122, 

Automotive Glass Replacement Shops. 

23816 Roofing Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238160 below. 

238160 Roofing Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in roofing. This industry also includes 

establishments treating roofs (i.e., spraying, painting, or coating) and installing skylights. The work 

performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Painting, spraying, or coating, roof 

Sheet metal roofing installation 

Shake and shingle, roof, installation 

Skylight installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing roof trusses and sheathing attached to trusses--are classified in Industry 238130, 

Framing Contractors; and 

 Installing downspouts, gutters, fascia, and soffits--are classified in Industry 238170, Siding 

Contractors. 

23817 Siding Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238170 below. 

238170 Siding Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing siding of wood, aluminum, vinyl, 

or other exterior finish material (except brick, stone, stucco, or curtain wall). This industry also includes 

establishments installing gutters and downspouts. The work performed may include new work, additions, 

alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Downspout, gutter, and gutter guard installation 

Siding (e.g., vinyl, wood, aluminum) installation 

Fascia and soffit installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing brick, stone, or stucco building exterior finish materials--are classified in Industry 

238140, Masonry Contractors; 

 Installing curtain wall--are classified in Industry 238190, Other Foundation, Structure, and 

Building Exterior Contractors; and 

 Installing sheet metal duct work--are classified in Industry 238220, Plumbing, Heating, and AirConditioning Contractors. 

23819 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors CAN 

 See industry description for 238190 below. 
238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building foundation and structure trades 

work (except poured concrete, structural steel, precast concrete, framing, masonry, glass, and glazing, 

roofing, and siding). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and 

repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Curtain wall, metal, installation 

Forms for poured concrete, erecting, and dismantling 

Decorative steel and wrought iron work installation 

Ornamental metal work installation 

Fire escape installation 

Welding, on site, contractors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Poured concrete foundation and structure work--are classified in Industry 238110, Poured 

Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors; 

 Installation of structural steel or precast concrete building components--are classified in Industry 

238120, Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors; 

 Framing buildings--are classified in Industry 238130, Framing Contractors; 

 Masonry work--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; 

 Glass and glazing work--are classified in Industry 238150, Glass and Glazing Contractors; 

 Installing or repairing roofs--are classified in Industry 238160, Roofing Contractors; and 

 Installing siding--are classified in Industry 238170, Siding Contractors. 

2382 Building Equipment Contractors 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing or servicing equipment that 

forms part of a building mechanical system (e.g., electricity, water, heating, and cooling). The work 

performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Contractors installing 

specialized building equipment, such as elevators, escalators, service station equipment, and central 

vacuum cleaning systems are also included. 

23821 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors 

 See industry description for 238210 below. 

238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing and servicing electrical wiring and 

equipment. Contractors included in this industry may include both the parts and labor when performing 

work. These contractors may perform new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Airport runway lighting contractors 

Fiber optic cable (except transmission line) contractors 

Alarm system (e.g., fire, burglar), electric, installation only 

Highway, street, and bridge lighting and electrical signal installation 

Audio equipment (except automotive) installation contractors 

Home automation system installation 

Cable splicing, electrical or fiber optic 

Lighting system installation 
Cable television hookup contractors 

Telecommunications equipment and wiring (except transmission line) installation contractors 

Computer and network cable installation 

Traffic signal installation 

Environmental control system installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing and maintaining telecommunications lines by telecommunications companies--are 

classified in Subsector 517, Telecommunications; 

 Constructing power and communication transmission lines--are classified in Industry 237130, 

Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; and 

 Burglar and fire alarm installation combined with sales, maintenance, or monitoring services--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 561621, Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths). 

23822 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors 

 See industry description for 238220 below. 

238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing and servicing plumbing, heating, 

and air-conditioning equipment. Contractors in this industry may provide both parts and labor when 

performing work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and 

repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cooling tower installation 

Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) contractors 

Duct work (e.g., cooling, dust collection, exhaust, heating, ventilation) installation 

Lawn sprinkler system installation 

Fire sprinkler system installation 

Mechanical contractors 

Fireplace, natural gas, installation 

Refrigeration system (e.g., commercial, industrial, scientific) installation 

Furnace installation 

Sewer hook-up and connection, building 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing electrical controls for HVAC systems--are classified in Industry 238210, Electrical 

Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; 

 Duct cleaning--are classified in Industry 561790, Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; and 

 Installing septic tanks--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. 

23829 Other Building Equipment Contractors 

 See industry description for 238290 below. 

238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing or servicing building equipment 

(except electrical, plumbing, heating, cooling, or ventilation equipment). The repair and maintenance of 

miscellaneous building equipment is included in this industry. The work performed may include new 

work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Automated and revolving door installation 

Lightning protection equipment (e.g., lightning rod) installation 

Boiler and pipe insulation installation 

Machine rigging 

Commercial-type door installation 

Millwrights 

Conveyor system installation 

Overhead door, commercial- or industrial-type, installation 

Dismantling large-scale machinery and equipment 

Revolving door installation 

Elevator installation 

Satellite dish, household-type, installation 

Escalator installation 

Vacuum cleaning system, built-in, installation 

Gasoline pump, service station, installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing of industrial equipment with incidental installation--are classified in Sector 31-33, 

Manufacturing; and 

 Repair and maintenance of commercial refrigeration equipment or production equipment--are 

classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except 

Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance. 

2383 Building Finishing Contractors 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the specialty trades needed to finish 

buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

23831 Drywall and Insulation Contractors 

 See industry description for 238310 below. 

238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drywall, plaster work, and building 

insulation work. Plaster work includes applying plain or ornamental plaster, and installation of lath to 

receive plaster. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and 

repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Acoustical ceiling tile and panel installation 

Lathing contractors 

Drop ceiling installation 

Plastering (i.e., ornamental, plain) contractors 

Drywall contractors 

Soundproofing contractors 

Fresco (i.e., decorative plaster finishing) contractors 

Taping and finishing drywall 

Gypsum board installation 

Wall cavity and attic space insulation installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Applying stucco--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; and 
 Insulating pipes and boilers--are classified in Industry 238290, Other Building Equipment 

Contractors. 

23832 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors 

 See industry description for 238320 below. 

238320 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in interior or exterior painting or interior wall 

covering. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bridge painting 

Paperhanging or removal contractors 

House painting 

Ship painting contractors 

Paint and wallpaper stripping 

Wallpaper hanging and removal contractors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Painting lines on highways, streets, and parking lots--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, 

Street, and Bridge Construction; 

 Roof painting--are classified in Industry 238160, Roofing Contractors; and 

 Installing wood paneling--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors. 

23833 Flooring Contractors 

 See industry description for 238330 below. 

238330 Flooring Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the installation of resilient floor tile, 

carpeting, linoleum, and hardwood flooring. The work performed may include new work, additions, 

alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carpet, installation only 

Resilient floor tile or sheet (e.g., linoleum, rubber, vinyl), installation only 

Floor laying, scraping, finishing, and refinishing 

Resurfacing hardwood flooring 

Hardwood flooring, installation only 

Vinyl flooring contractors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Laying concrete flooring--are classified in Industry 238110, Poured Concrete Foundation and 

Structure Contractors; 

 Installing stone or ceramic floor tile--are classified in Industry 238340, Tile and Terrazzo 

Contractors; and 

 Selling and installing carpet and other flooring products as retail establishments--are classified in 

Sector 44-45, Retail Trade. 

23834 Tile and Terrazzo Contractors 

 See industry description for 238340 below. 
238340 Tile and Terrazzo Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in setting and installing ceramic tile, stone 

(interior only), and mosaic and/or mixing marble particles and cement to make terrazzo at the job site. The 

work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Ceramic tile installation 

Mosaic work 

Mantel, marble or stone, installation 

Stone flooring installation 

Marble, granite, and slate, interior installation contractors 

Tile (except resilient) laying and setting 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Exterior marble, granite, and slate work--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; 

 Manufacturing precast terrazzo products--are classified in Industry 327390, Other Concrete 

Product Manufacturing; and 

 Installing, without selling resilient floor tile--are classified in Industry 238330, Flooring 

Contractors. 

23835 Finish Carpentry Contractors 

 See industry description for 238350 below. 

238350 Finish Carpentry Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in finish carpentry work. The work performed 

may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Built-in wood cabinets constructed on site 

Molding or trim, wood or plastic, installation 

Counter top, residential-type, installation 

Paneling installation 

Door and window frame construction 

Prefabricated kitchen and bath cabinet, residential-type, installation 

Garage door, residential-type, installation 

Ship joinery contractors 

Millwork installation 

Window and door, residential-type, of any material, prefabricated, installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing skylights--are classified in Industry 238160, Roofing Contractors; 

 Framing--are classified in Industry 238130, Framing Contractors; and 

 Building custom kitchen and bath cabinets (except free standing) in a shop--are classified in 

Industry 337110, Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop Manufacturing. 

23839 Other Building Finishing Contractors 

 See industry description for 238390 below. 

238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building finishing trade work (except 

drywall, plaster, and insulation work; painting and wall covering work; flooring work; tile and terrazzo 

work; and finish carpentry work). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, 

maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bath tub refinishing on site 

Fabricating metal cabinets or countertops on site 

Closet organizer system installation 

Modular furniture system attachment and installation 

Concrete coating, glazing, or sealing 

Trade show exhibit installation and dismantling 

Countertop and cabinet, metal (except residential-type), installation 

Waterproofing contractors 

Drapery fixture (e.g., hardware, rods, tracks) installation 

Window shade and blind installation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing drywall, plaster, or insulation--are classified in Industry 238310, Drywall and Insulation 

Contractors; 

 Installing or removing paint or wall coverings--are classified in Industry 238320, Painting and 

Wall Covering Contractors; 

 Installing or repairing wood floors, resilient flooring, and carpet--are classified in Industry 

238330, Flooring Contractors; 

 Setting tile or performing terrazzo work--are classified in Industry 238340, Tile and Terrazzo 

Contractors; and 

 Finish carpentry--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors. 

2389 Other Specialty Trade Contractors 

23891 Site Preparation Contractors 

 See industry description for 238910 below. 

238910 Site Preparation Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in site preparation activities, such as 

excavating and grading, demolition of buildings and other structures, and septic system installation. Earth 

moving and land clearing for all types of sites (e.g., building, nonbuilding, mining) is included in this 

industry. Establishments primarily engaged in construction equipment rental with operator (except cranes) 

are also included. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Blasting, building demolition 

Foundation digging (i.e., excavation) 

Concrete breaking and cutting for demolition 

Foundation drilling contractors 

Cutting new rights of way 

Grading construction sites 

Demolition, building and structure 

Line slashing or cutting (except maintenance) 

Dewatering contractors 

Septic system contractors 
Dirt moving for construction 

Trenching (except underwater) 

Equipment rental (except crane), construction, with operator 

Underground tank (except hazardous) removal 

Excavating, earthmoving, or land clearing contractors 

Wrecking, building or other structure 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Earth retention or underwater trenching--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil 

Engineering Construction; 

 Crane rental with operator--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade 

Contractors; 

 Overburden removal as an activity prior to mineral removal from quarries or open pit mines--are 

classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction; 

 Drilling oil and gas field water intake wells--are classified in U.S. Industry 213111, Drilling Oil 

and Gas Wells; 

 Dismantling tanks in oil fields--are classified in U.S. Industry 213112, Support Activities for Oil 

and Gas Operations; 

 Construction equipment rental without an operator--are classified in U.S. Industry 532412, 

Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Tree and brush trimming for overhead utility lines--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping 

Services; and 

 Nuclear power plant decommissioning and environmental remediation work, such as the removal 

of underground steel tanks for hazardous materials--are classified in Industry 562910, 

Remediation Services. 

23899 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors 

 See industry description for 238990 below. 

238990 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in specialized trades (except foundation, 

structure, and building exterior contractors; building equipment contractors; building finishing contractors; 

and site preparation contractors). The specialty trade work performed includes new work, additions, 

alterations, maintenance, and repairs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Billboard erection 

Outdoor swimming pool construction 

Cleaning building interiors during and immediately after construction 

Paver, brick (e.g., driveway, patio, sidewalk), installation 

Crane rental with operator 

Paving, residential and commercial driveway and parking lot 

Driveway paving or sealing 

Sandblasting building exteriors 

Fence installation 

Scaffold erecting and dismantling 

Interlocking brick and block installation 

Steeplejack work 

Manufactured (mobile) home, set up and tie-down 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Foundation, structure, and building exterior work--are classified in Industry Group 2381, 

Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; 

 Installing, repairing, or maintaining building mechanical systems--are classified in Industry Group 

2382, Building Equipment Contractors; 

 Finishing buildings--are classified in Industry Group 2383, Building Finishing Contractors; 

 Paving public highways, streets, and roads--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, 

and Bridge Construction; 

 Construction equipment rental with an operator (except cranes) or preparing land for building 

construction--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; 

 Construction equipment rental without an operator--are classified in U.S. Industry 532412, 

Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Radon testing--are classified in Industry 541380, Testing Laboratories; 

 Power washing and other building exterior cleaning (except sandblasting)--are classified in 

Industry 561790, Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; and 

 Environmental remediation work, such as asbestos abatement--are classified in Industry 562910, 

Remediation Services. 
Sector 31-33--Manufacturing 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Manufacturing sector comprises establishments engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical 

transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. The assembling of component 

parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing, except in cases where the activity is 

appropriately classified in Sector 23, Construction. 

 Establishments in the Manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills and 

characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. However, establishments 

that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those 

engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premises from which they are sold, 

such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also be included in this sector. Manufacturing 

establishments may process materials or may contract with other establishments to process their materials 

for them. Both types of establishments are included in manufacturing. 

 The materials, substances, or components transformed by manufacturing establishments are raw materials 

that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying as well as products of other 

manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly from producers, obtained 

through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the market by transferring the product 

from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. 

 The new product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready for 

utilization or consumption, or it may be semifinished to become an input for an establishment engaged in 

further manufacturing. For example, the product of the alumina refinery is the input used in the primary 

production of aluminum; primary aluminum is the input to an aluminum wire drawing plant; and aluminum 

wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing establishment. 

 The subsectors in the Manufacturing sector generally reflect distinct production processes related to 

material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, where assembling is a 

key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in the industry of the finished 

manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, a replacement refrigerator door 

would be classified with refrigerators and an attachment for a piece of metal working machinery would be 

classified with metal working machinery. However, components, input from other manufacturing 

establishments, are classified based on the production function of the component manufacturer. For 

example, electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product 

Manufacturing and stampings are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

 Manufacturing establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside the 

Manufacturing sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all manufacturing has some captive research and 

development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management. These captive 

services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the services are provided by 

separate establishments, they are classified to the NAICS sector where such services are primary, not in 

manufacturing. 

 The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat 

blurry. The establishments in the manufacturing sector are engaged in the transformation of materials into 

new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what constitutes a new product 

can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are considered manufacturing in 

NAICS: 

Milk bottling and pasteurizing; Grinding of lenses to prescription; 

Water bottling and processing; Wood preserving; 

Fresh fish packaging (oyster shucking, Electroplating, plating, metal heat 

 fish filleting); treating, and polishing for the trade; 

Apparel jobbing (assigning of materials Lapidary work for the trade; 

 to contract factories or shops for Fabricating signs and advertising displays; 

 fabrication or other contract operations) Rebuilding or remanufacturing 

 as well as contracting on materials owned by others; machinery (i.e., automotive parts) 

Printing and related activities; Ship repair and renovation; 
Ready-mixed concrete production; Machine shops; and 

Leather converting; Tire retreading. 

 Conversely, there are activities that are sometimes considered manufacturing, but which for NAICS are 

classified in another sector (i.e., not classified as manufacturing). They include: 

 1. Logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, is considered a harvesting 

operation; 

 2. The beneficiating of ores and other minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and 

Gas Extraction, is considered part of the activity of mining; 

 3. The construction of structures and fabricating operations performed at the site of construction by 

contractors, is classified in Sector 23, Construction; 

 4. Establishments engaged in breaking of bulk and redistribution in smaller lots, including packaging, 

repackaging, or bottling products, such as liquors or chemicals; the customized assembly of computers; 

sorting of scrap; mixing paints to customer order; and cutting metals to customer order, classified in Sector 

42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, produce a modified version of the same product, not a 

new product; and 

 5. Publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Information, 

perform the transformation of information into a product whereas the value of the product to the consumer 

lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed (i.e., the book or software 

diskette). 

311 Food Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Food Manufacturing subsector transform livestock and agricultural products into 

products for intermediate or final consumption. The industry groups are distinguished by the raw materials 

(generally of animal or vegetable origin) processed into food products. 

 The food products manufactured in these establishments are typically sold to wholesalers or retailers for 

distribution to consumers, but establishments primarily engaged in retailing bakery and candy products 

made on the premises not for immediate consumption are included. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing beverages are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage 

and Tobacco Product Manufacturing. 

3111 Animal Food Manufacturing 

31111 Animal Food Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food and feed for animals 

from ingredients, such as grains, oilseed mill products, and meat products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Slaughtering animals for feed--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 

 Manufacturing vitamins and minerals for animals--are classified in Industry 32541, 

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. 

311111 Dog and Cat Food Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dog and cat food from 

ingredients, such as grains, oilseed mill products, and meat products. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing food for animals (except dog and cat)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311119, 

Other Animal Food Manufacturing; 

 Slaughtering animals for feed--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 

 Manufacturing vitamins and minerals for dogs and cats--are classified in Industry 32541, 

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. 

311119 Other Animal Food Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing animal food (except dog 

and cat) from ingredients, such as grains, oilseed mill products, and meat products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing dog and cat foods--are classified in U.S. Industry 311111, Dog and Cat Food 

Manufacturing; 

 Slaughtering animals for feed--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 

 Manufacturing vitamins and minerals for animals--are classified in Industry 32541, 

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 

31121 Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) milling 

flour or meal from grains or vegetables; (2) preparing flour mixes or doughs from flour milled in the same 

establishment; (3) milling, cleaning, and polishing rice; and (4) manufacturing malt from barley, rye, or 

other grains. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing breakfast cereals from flour milled in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 

31123, Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; 

 Crushing soybeans or wet milling corn and vegetables--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch 

and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing prepared flour mixes or doughs from flour ground elsewhere--are classified in 

Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; 

 Brewing malt beverages--are classified in Industry 31212, Breweries; 

 Mixing purchased dried and dehydrated ingredients with purchased rice--are classified in Industry 

31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased rice--are classified in 

Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; and 

 Manufacturing malt extract and syrups--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing 

Manufacturing. 

311211 Flour Milling CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) milling flour or meal from grains 

(except rice) or vegetables and/or (2) milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Preparing breakfast cereals from flour milled in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 

311230, Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing prepared flour mixes or doughs from flour ground elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 311822, Flour Mixes and Dough Manufacturing from Purchased Flour; 

 Milling rice or cleaning and polishing rice--are classified in U.S. Industry 311212, Rice Milling; 

 Wet milling corn and vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; and 

 Crushing soybean and extracting soybean oil--are classified in U.S. Industry 311222, Soybean 

Processing. 

311212 Rice Milling US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) milling rice; 

(2) cleaning and polishing rice; or (3) milling, cleaning, and polishing rice. The establishments in this 

industry may package the rice they mill with other ingredients. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased rice--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; and 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased rice--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. 

311213 Malt Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing malt from barley, rye, 

or other grains. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Brewing malt beverages--are classified in Industry 312120, Breweries; and 

 Manufacturing malt extract and syrups--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract 

Manufacturing. 

31122 Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) wet 

milling corn and vegetables; (2) crushing oilseeds and tree nuts; (3) refining and/or blending vegetable oils; 

(4) manufacturing shortening and margarine; and (5) blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup and starch base dessert powders--are classified in 

Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; 

 Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming; 

 Milling flour or meal from grains and vegetables--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling 

and Malt Manufacturing; 

 Wet milling corn to produce nonpotable ethyl alcohol--are classified in Industry 32519, Other 

Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Rendering or refining animal fats and oils--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering 

and Processing; and 

 Manufacturing laundry starches--are classified in Industry 32561, Soap and Cleaning Compound 

Manufacturing. 

311221 Wet Corn Milling CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in wet milling corn and other vegetables 

(except to make ethyl alcohol). Examples of products made in these establishments are corn sweeteners, 

such as glucose, dextrose, and fructose; corn oil; and starches (except laundry). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining and/or blending corn oil from purchased oils--are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats 

and Oils Refining and Blending; 

 Manufacturing sweetening syrups from corn syrup and starch base dessert powders--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; 

 Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Crop Farming; 

 Milling (except wet milling) corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311211, Flour Milling; 

 Wet milling corn to produce nonpotable ethyl alcohol--are classified in U.S. Industry 325193, 

Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing laundry starches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325612, Polish and Other 

Sanitation Good Manufacturing. 

311222 Soybean Processing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in crushing soybeans. Examples of products 

produced in these establishments are soybean oil, soybean cake and meal, and soybean protein isolates and 

concentrates. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining and/or blending soybean oil from purchased oil--are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, 

Fats and Oils Refining and Blending; 

 Wet milling corn and other vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; 

and 

 Crushing oilseeds (except soybeans) and tree nuts--are classified in U.S. Industry 311223, Other 

Oilseed Processing. 

311223 Other Oilseed Processing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in crushing oilseeds (except soybeans) and tree 

nuts, such as cottonseeds, linseeds, peanuts, and sunflower seeds. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Wet milling corn and other vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; 

 Crushing soybeans--are classified in U.S. Industry 311222, Soybean Processing; and 

 Refining and/or blending vegetable, oilseed, and tree nut oils from purchased oils--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending. 

311225 Fats and Oils Refining and Blending CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing shortening and margarine from purchased fats and oils; (2) refining and/or blending 

vegetable, oilseed, and tree nut oils from purchased oils; and (3) blending purchased animal fats with 

purchased vegetable fats. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Refining and/or blending soybean oil in soybean crushing mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311222, Soybean Processing; 

 Refining and/or blending corn oil made by wet corn milling--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311221, Wet Corn Milling; 

 Refining and/or blending oilseeds (except soybeans) and tree nuts in crushing mills--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 311223, Other Oilseed Processing; and 

 Rendering or refining animal fats and oils--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering 

and Processing. 

31123 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 311230 below. 

311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing breakfast cereal foods. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nonchocolate-coated granola bars and other types of breakfast bars--are classified 

in Industry 311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing chocolate-coated granola bars from purchased chocolate--are classified in Industry 

311330, Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate; 

 Manufacturing chocolate-coated granola bars from cacao beans--are classified in Industry 311320, 

Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; and 

 Manufacturing coffee substitutes from grain--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea 

Manufacturing. 

3113 Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises (1) establishments that process agricultural inputs, such as sugarcane, beet, 

and cacao, to give rise to a new product (sugar or chocolate), and (2) those that begin with sugar and 

chocolate and process these further. 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing raw sugar, liquid sugar, and 

refined sugar from sugarcane, raw cane sugar and sugar beets. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and 

Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup and starch base dessert powders--are classified in 

Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; 

 Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming; 

and 

 Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar 

substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients)--are classified in Subsector 

325, Chemical Manufacturing. 

311311 Sugarcane Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing sugarcane. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing refined cane sugar from raw cane sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311312, 

Cane Sugar Refining; 

 Manufacturing beet sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311313, Beet Sugar Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet 

Corn Milling; 

 Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar 

substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients)--are classified in Subsector 

325, Chemical Manufacturing. 

311312 Cane Sugar Refining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in refining cane sugar from raw cane 

sugar. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Processing and refining sugarcane--are classified in U.S. Industry 311311, Sugarcane Mills; 

 Manufacturing beet sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311313, Beet Sugar Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet 

Corn Milling; 

 Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Crop Farming; 

 Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar 

substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients)--are classified in Subsector 

325, Chemical Manufacturing. 

311313 Beet Sugar Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing refined beet sugar from 

sugar beets. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing raw cane sugar and/or refined cane sugar from sugarcane--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 311311, Sugarcane Mills; 

 Manufacturing refined cane sugar from raw cane sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311312, 

Cane Sugar Refining; 

 Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet 

Corn Milling; 

 Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; 

 Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Crop Farming; and 

 Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar 

substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients)--are classified in Subsector 

325, Chemical Manufacturing. 

31132 Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans 

 See industry description for 311320 below. 
311320 Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in shelling, roasting, and grinding cacao beans 

and making chocolate cacao products and chocolate confectioneries. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing, not for immediate consumption, chocolate confectioneries from chocolate made 

elsewhere--are classified in Industry 311330, Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased 

Chocolate; 

 Manufacturing, not for immediate consumption, nonchocolate candies--are classified in Industry 

311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; 

 Preparing and selling confectioneries for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 

722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; and 

 Retailing confectioneries not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores. 

31133 Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate 

 See industry description for 311330 below. 

311330 Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chocolate confectioneries 

from chocolate produced elsewhere. Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in 

retailing chocolate confectionery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from 

chocolate made elsewhere. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from cacao beans--are classified in Industry 311320, 

Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; 

 Manufacturing nonchocolate confectioneries--are classified in Industry 311340, Nonchocolate 

Confectionery Manufacturing; 

 Retailing confectioneries not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; and 

 Preparing and selling confectioneries for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 

722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars. 

31134 Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 311340 below. 

 

311340 Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonchocolate 

confectioneries. Included in this industry are establishments primary engaged in retailing nonchocolate 

confectionery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from cacao beans--are classified in Industry 311320, 

Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; 

 Manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from chocolate made elsewhere--are classified in 

Industry 311330, Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate; 

 Retailing confectioneries not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; 
 Preparing and selling confectioneries for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 

722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; and 

 Roasting, salting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts and seeds--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311911, Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing. 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing 

 This industry group includes (1) establishments that freeze food and (2) those that use preservation 

processes, such as pickling, canning, and dehydrating. Both types begin their production process with 

inputs of vegetable or animal origin. 

31141 Frozen Food Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen fruit, frozen juices, 

frozen vegetables, and frozen specialty foods (except seafood), such as frozen dinners, entrees, and side 

dishes; frozen pizza; frozen whipped toppings; and frozen waffles, pancakes, and french toast. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing frozen dairy specialties--are classified in Industry 31152, Ice Cream and Frozen 

Dessert Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing frozen bakery products--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing frozen seafood products--are classified in Industry 31171, Seafood Product 

Preparation and Packaging; and 

 Manufacturing frozen meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing. 

311411 Frozen Fruit, Juice, and Vegetable Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen fruits; frozen 

vegetables; and frozen fruit juices, ades, drinks, cocktail mixes and concentrates. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen specialty foods are classified in U.S. Industry 

311412, Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing. 

311412 Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen specialty foods 

(except seafood), such as frozen dinners, entrees, and side dishes; frozen pizza; frozen whipped topping; 

and frozen waffles, pancakes, and french toast. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing frozen dairy specialties--are classified in Industry 311520, Ice Cream and Frozen 

Dessert Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing frozen bakery products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311813, Frozen Cakes, 

Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing frozen fruits, frozen fruit juices, and frozen vegetables--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 311411, Frozen Fruit, Juice, and Vegetable Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing frozen meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 
 Manufacturing frozen seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311712, Fresh and Frozen 

Seafood Processing. 

31142 Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canned, pickled, and dried 

fruits, vegetables, and specialty foods. Establishments in this industry may package the dried or dehydrated 

ingredients they make with other purchased ingredients. Examples of products made by these 

establishments are canned juices; canned baby foods; canned soups (except seafood); canned dry beans; 

canned tomato-based sauces, such as catsup, salsa, chili, spaghetti, barbeque, and tomato paste, pickles, 

relishes, jams and jellies, dried soup mixes and bullions, and sauerkraut. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canned dairy products--are classified in Industry 31151, Dairy Product (except 

Frozen) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing canned seafood soups and seafood products--are classified in Industry 31171, 

Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; 

 Manufacturing canned meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; 

 Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients or manufacturing vegetable flours and meals--

are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in Industry 31182, 

Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potatoes, rice, and pasta and packaging them with other 

purchased ingredients; mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and 

bouillon; and manufacturing canned puddings--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dry salad dressing and dry sauce mixes--are classified in Industry 31194, 

Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing canned fruit and vegetable drinks, cocktails, and ades--are classified in Industry 

31211, Soft Drink and Ice Manufacturing. 

311421 Fruit and Vegetable Canning US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canned, pickled, and 

brined fruits and vegetables. Examples of products made in these establishments are canned juices; canned 

jams and jellies; canned tomato-based sauces, such as catsup, salsa, chili, spaghetti, barbeque, and tomato 

paste; pickles, relishes, and sauerkraut. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canned baby foods, canned soups (except seafood), and canned specialty foods 

(except seafood)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty Canning; 

 Manufacturing canned seafood soups and canned seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311711, Seafood Canning; 

 Manufacturing canned meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 

 Manufacturing canned fruit and vegetable drinks, cocktails, and ades--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 312111, Soft Drink Manufacturing. 

311422 Specialty Canning US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canned specialty foods. 

Examples of products made in these establishments are canned baby food, canned baked beans, canned 

soups (except seafood), canned spaghetti, and other canned nationality foods. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canned dairy products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311514, Dry, Condensed, 

and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing canned fruits, canned vegetables, and canned juices--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311421, Fruit and Vegetable Canning; 

 Manufacturing canned seafood soups and canned seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311711, Seafood Canning; 

 Manufacturing canned meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 

 Manufacturing canned puddings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Food Manufacturing. 

311423 Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) drying (including freeze-dried) 

and/or dehydrating fruits, vegetables, and soup mixes and bouillon and/or (2) drying and/or dehydrating 

ingredients and packaging them with other purchased ingredients, such as rice and dry pasta. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311212, Rice 

Milling; 

 Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311823, Dry Pasta Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vegetable flours and meals--are classified in U.S. Industry 311211, Flour Milling; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potatoes, rice, and dry pasta, and packaging them with 

other purchased ingredients, and mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup 

mixes and bouillon--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing dry salad dressing and dry sauce mixes--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, 

Spice and Extract Manufacturing. 

3115 Dairy Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments that manufacture dairy products from raw milk, processed 

milk, and dairy substitutes. 

31151 Dairy Product (except Frozen) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing dairy products (except frozen) from raw milk and/or processed milk products; (2) 

manufacturing dairy substitutes (except frozen) from soybeans and other nondairy substances; and (3) 

manufacturing dry, condensed, concentrated, and evaporated dairy and dairy substitute products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and 

Dressing Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing margarine or margarine-butter blends--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and 

Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing frozen whipped toppings--are classified in Industry 31141, Frozen Food 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing ice cream, frozen yogurt, and other frozen dairy desserts--are classified in Industry 

31152, Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing. 

311511 Fluid Milk Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing processed milk 

products, such as pasteurized milk or cream and sour cream and/or (2) manufacturing fluid milk dairy 

substitutes from soybeans and other nondairy substances. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing dry mix whipped toppings, canned milk, and ultra high temperature milk--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311514, Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing frozen whipped toppings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311412, Frozen Specialty 

Food Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing ice cream and frozen yogurt and other frozen desserts--are classified in Industry 

311520, Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing. 

311512 Creamery Butter Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing creamery butter from 

milk and/or processed milk products. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing margarine or margarine-butter blends are classified 

in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending. 

311513 Cheese Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing cheese products 

(except cottage cheese) from raw milk and/or processed milk products and/or (2) manufacturing cheese 

substitutes from soybean and other nondairy substances. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311941, Mayonnaise, 

Dressing, and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cottage cheese--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk Manufacturing. 

311514 Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry, condensed, and 

evaporated milk and dairy substitute products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid milk products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing creamery butter--are classified in U.S. Industry 311512, Creamery Butter 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cheese products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311513, Cheese Manufacturing. 
31152 Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 311520 below. 

311520 Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ice cream, frozen yogurts, 

frozen ices, sherbets, frozen tofu, and other frozen desserts (except bakery products). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing frozen bakery products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311813, Frozen Cakes, 

Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing ice cream and ice milk mixes--are classified in U.S. Industry 311514, Dry, 

Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing. 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 

 

31161 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

slaughtering animals; (2) preparing processed meats and meat byproducts; and (3) rendering and/or refining 

animal fat, bones, and meat scraps. This industry includes establishments primarily engaged in assembly 

cutting and packing of meats (i.e., boxed meats) from purchased carcasses. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canned meat for baby food--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable 

Canning, Pickling, and Drying; 

 Manufacturing meat-based animal feeds from carcasses--are classified in Industry 31111, Animal 

Food Manufacturing; 

 Blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and 

Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing canned and frozen specialty foods containing meat, such as nationality foods (e.g., 

enchiladas, pizza, egg rolls) and frozen dinners--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and 

Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; 

 Drying, freezing, or breaking eggs--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food 

Manufacturing; and 

 Cutting meat (except boxed meat)--are classified in Industry 42447, Meat and Meat Product 

Merchant Wholesalers. 

311611 Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in slaughtering animals (except poultry 

and small game). Establishments that slaughter and prepare meats are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Processing meat and meat byproducts (except poultry and small game) from purchased meats--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311612, Meat Processed from Carcasses; 

 Slaughtering and/or processing poultry and small game--are classified in U.S. Industry 311615, 

Poultry Processing; 

 Rendering lard and other animal fats and oils, animal fat, bones, and meat scraps--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311613, Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; and 
 Manufacturing canned and frozen specialty foods containing meat, such as nationality foods (e.g., 

enchiladas, egg rolls, pizza) and frozen dinners--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and 

Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing. 

311612 Meat Processed from Carcasses US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing or preserving meat and 

meat byproducts (except poultry and small game) from purchased meats. This industry includes 

establishments primarily engaged in assembly cutting and packing of meats (i.e., boxed meats) from 

purchased meats. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Slaughtering animals (except poultry and small game)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311611, 

Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering; 

 Slaughtering poultry and small game--are classified in U.S. Industry 311615, Poultry Processing; 

 Rendering animal fat, bones, and meat scraps--are classified in U.S. Industry 311613, Rendering 

and Meat Byproduct Processing; 

 Manufacturing canned meats for baby food--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty 

Canning; 

 Manufacturing meat-based animal feeds from carcasses--are classified in Industry 31111, Animal 

Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing canned and frozen specialty foods containing meat, such as nationality foods (e.g., 

enchiladas, egg rolls, pizza) and frozen dinners--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and 

Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; and 

 Cutting meat (except boxed meat)--are classified in U.S. Industry 424470, Meat and Meat Product 

Merchant Wholesalers. 

311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rendering animal fat, bones, and meat 

scraps. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending. 

311615 Poultry Processing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) slaughtering poultry and small 

game and/or (2) preparing processed poultry and small game meat and meat byproducts. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Slaughtering animals (except poultry and small game) and/or preparing meats--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311611, Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering; 

 Preparing meat and meat byproducts (except poultry and small game) from purchased meats--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311612, Meat Processed from Carcasses; 

 Rendering animal fat, bones, and meat scraps--are classified in U.S. Industry 311613, Rendering 

and Meat Byproduct Processing; 

 Canning poultry and small game for baby food--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty 

Canning; 

 Producing meat-based animal feeds from carcasses--are classified in Industry 31111, Animal Food 

Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing canned and frozen meat products, such as nationality foods (e.g., enchiladas, egg 

rolls, pizza) and frozen dinners--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable 

Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; and 

 Drying, freezing, and breaking eggs--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. 

3117 Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging 

31171 Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) canning 

seafood (including soup); (2) smoking, salting, and drying seafood; (3) eviscerating fresh fish by removing 

heads, fins, scales, bones, and entrails; (4) shucking and packing fresh shellfish; (5) processing marine fats 

and oils; and (6) freezing seafood. Establishments known as "floating factory ships" that are engaged in the 

gathering and processing of seafood into canned seafood products are included in this industry. 

311711 Seafood Canning US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) canning seafood (including soup) 

and marine fats and oils and/or (2) smoking, salting, and drying seafood. Establishments known as 

"floating factory ships" that are engaged in the gathering and processing of seafood into canned seafood 

products are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in preparing fresh and frozen seafood and marine fats and oils are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311712, Fresh and Frozen Seafood Processing. 

311712 Fresh and Frozen Seafood Processing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

eviscerating fresh fish by removing heads, fins, scales, bones, and entrails; (2) shucking and packing fresh 

shellfish; (3) manufacturing frozen seafood; and (4) processing fresh and frozen marine fats and oils. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in canning and curing seafood are classified in U.S. Industry 311711, 

Seafood Canning. 

3118 Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing 

31181 Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fresh and frozen bread and 

other bakery products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta 

Manufacturing; 

 Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in Industry 72221, Limited-Service Eating Places; 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in 

Industry 44529, Other Specialty Food Stores; and 

 Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing. 
311811 Retail Bakeries CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing bread and other bakery 

products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from flour, not from prepared dough. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; 

 Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Manufacturing fresh or frozen breads and other fresh bakery (except cookies and crackers) 

products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311812, Commercial Bakeries; and 

 Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker 

Manufacturing. 

311812 Commercial Bakeries US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fresh and frozen bread 

and bread-type rolls and other fresh bakery (except cookies and crackers) products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing bread and other bakery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises 

from flour, not from prepared dough--are classified in U.S. Industry 311811, Retail Bakeries; 

 Manufacturing frozen bakery products (except bread)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311813, 

Frozen Cakes, Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing; 

 Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; 

 Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311919, Other Snack Food 

Manufacturing. 

311813 Frozen Cakes, Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen bakery products 

(except bread), such as cakes, pies, and doughnuts. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing frozen breads--are classified in U.S. Industry 311812, Commercial Bakeries; 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from flour, not 

from prepared dough--are classified in U.S. Industry 311811, Retail Bakeries; 

 Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker 

Manufacturing; and 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores. 

31182 Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) manufacturing 

cookies and crackers; (2) preparing flour and dough mixes and dough from flour ground elsewhere; and (3) 

manufacturing dry pasta. The establishments in this industry may package the dry pasta they manufacture 

with other ingredients. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in Industry 72221, Limited-Service Eating Places; 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in 

Industry 44529, Other Specialty Food Stores; 

 Manufacturing bakery products (e.g., bread, cookies, pies)--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread 

and Bakery Product Manufacturing; 

 Milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling 

and Malt Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing canned pasta specialties--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable 

Canning, Pickling, and Drying; 

 Manufacturing fresh pasta--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased dry pasta--are classified in 

Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; and 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased dry pasta--are 

classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying. 

311821 Cookie and Cracker Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cookies, crackers, and 

other products, such as ice cream cones. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; 

 Manufacturing bakery products (e.g., breads, cookies, pies)--are classified in Industry 31181, 

Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311919, Other Snack Food 

Manufacturing. 

311822 Flour Mixes and Dough Manufacturing from Purchased Flour CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing prepared flour mixes or 

dough mixes from flour ground elsewhere. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311211, Flour Milling. 

311823 Dry Pasta Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry pasta. The 

establishments in this industry may package the dry pasta they manufacture with other ingredients. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fresh pasta--are classified in U.S. Industry 311991, Perishable Prepared Food 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pasta specialties--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable 

Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased dry pasta--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients packaged with purchased dry pasta--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing. 

31183 Tortilla Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 311830 below. 

 

311830 Tortilla Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tortillas. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canned nationality foods using tortillas--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, 

Specialty Canning; 

 Manufacturing frozen nationality foods using tortillas--are classified in U.S. Industry 311412, 

Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing tortilla chips--are classified in U.S. Industry 311919, Other Snack Food 

Manufacturing. 

3119 Other Food Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food (except animal 

food; grain and oilseed milling; sugar and confectionery products; preserved fruit, vegetable, and specialty 

foods; dairy products; meat products; seafood products; and bakeries and tortillas). The industry group 

includes industries with different production processes, such as snack food manufacturing; coffee and tea 

manufacturing; concentrate, syrup, condiment, and spice manufacturing; and, in general, an entire range of 

other miscellaneous food product manufacturing. 

31191 Snack Food Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) salting, 

roasting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts; (2) processing grains or seeds into snacks; (3) manufacturing 

peanut butter; and (4) manufacturing potato chips, corn chips, popped popcorn, pretzels (except soft), pork 

rinds, and similar snacks. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing crackers--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing unpopped popcorn--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing chocolate or candy-coated nuts and candy-covered popcorn--are classified in 

Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing soft pretzels--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery Product 

Manufacturing. 
311911 Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

salting, roasting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts; (2) processing grains or seeds into snacks; and (3) 

manufacturing peanut butter. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chocolate or candy-coated nuts and candy-covered 

popcorn are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing. 

311919 Other Snack Food Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing snack foods (except 

roasted nuts and peanut butter). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Corn chips and related corn snacks manufacturing 

Potato chips manufacturing 

Popped popcorn (except candy-covered) manufacturing 

Pretzels (except soft) manufacturing 

Pork rinds manufacturing 

Tortilla chips manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing candy covered popcorn and nonchocolate granola bars--are classified in Industry 

311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; 

 Salting, roasting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts and seeds--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311911, Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing unpopped popcorn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing soft pretzels--are classified in U.S. Industry 311812, Commercial Bakeries. 

31192 Coffee and Tea Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 311920 below. 

311920 Coffee and Tea Manufacturing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) roasting 

coffee; (2) manufacturing coffee and tea concentrates (including instant and freeze-dried); (3) blending tea; 

(4) manufacturing herbal tea; and (5) manufacturing coffee extracts, flavorings, and syrups. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in bottling and canning iced tea are classified in U.S. Industry 312111, 

Soft Drink Manufacturing. 

31193 Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 311930 below. 

311930 Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing flavoring syrup drink 

concentrates and related products for soda fountain use or for the manufacture of soft drinks. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing chocolate syrup--are classified in Industry 311320, Chocolate and Confectionery 

Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; 

 Manufacturing flavoring extracts (except coffee and meat) and natural food colorings--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coffee extracts--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing meat extracts--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; 

 Manufacturing powdered drink mixes (except coffee, tea, chocolate, or milk-based) and table 

syrup from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food 

Manufacturing; 

 Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Crop Farming; and 

 Manufacturing natural nonfood colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic 

Organic Chemical Manufacturing. 

31194 Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing dressings and sauces, such as mayonnaise, salad dressing, vinegar, mustard, horseradish, soy 

sauce, tarter sauce, Worcestershire sauce, and other prepared sauces (except tomato-based and gravies); (2) 

manufacturing spices, table salt, seasoning, and flavoring extracts (except coffee and meat), and natural 

food colorings; and (3) manufacturing dry mix food preparations, such as salad dressing mixes, gravy and 

sauce mixes, frosting mixes, and other dry mix preparations. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing catsup and other tomato-based sauces--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and 

Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potato, rice, and pasta and packaging them with other 

purchased ingredients, and manufacturing prepared frosting--are classified in Industry 31199, All 

Other Food Manufacturing; 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in Industry 

31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are 

classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial salts--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and 

Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing flavoring syrups (except coffee-based syrups)--are classified in Industry 31193, 

Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing synthetic food colorings--are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic Dye and 

Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses--are classified in Industry 32519, Other 

Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coffee extracts--are classified in Industry 31192, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing meat extracts--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; and 

 Manufacturing gravies--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing. 

311941 Mayonnaise, Dressing, and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mayonnaise, salad 

dressing, vinegar, mustard, horseradish, soy sauce, tarter sauce, Worcestershire sauce, and other prepared 

sauces (except tomato-based and gravy). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing catsup and similar tomato-based sauces--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, 

Fruit and Vegetable Canning; 

 Manufacturing dry salad dressing and dry sauce mixes--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, 

Spice and Extract Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing gravies--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food 

Manufacturing. 

311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing spices, table salt, 

seasonings, flavoring extracts (except coffee and meat), and natural food colorings and/or (2) 

manufacturing dry mix food preparations, such as salad dressing mixes, gravy and sauce mixes, frosting 

mixes, and other dry mix preparations. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing catsup and other tomato-based sauces--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, Fruit 

and Vegetable Canning; 

 Manufacturing mayonnaise, dressings, and prepared nontomato-based sauces--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 311941, Mayonnaise, Dressing, and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial salts--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing flavoring syrups (except coffee-based syrups)--are classified in Industry 311930, 

Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; 

 Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potato, rice, and pasta and packaging them with other 

purchased ingredients, and manufacturing prepared frosting--are classified in U.S. Industry 

311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coffee extracts and/or coffee-based syrups--are classified in Industry 311920, 

Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing meat extracts--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; 

 Manufacturing synthetic food colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 325132, Synthetic Organic 

Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, 

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. 

31199 All Other Food Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food (except animal food; 

grain and oilseed milling; sugar and confectionery products; preserved fruits, vegetables, and specialties; 

dairy products; meat products; seafood products; bakeries and tortillas; snack foods; coffee and tea; 

flavoring syrups and concentrates; seasonings; and dressings). Included in this industry are establishments 

primarily engaged in mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients including those mixing 

purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and bouillon. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Baking powder manufacturing 

Fresh pizza manufacturing 

Cut or peeled fresh vegetables manufacturing 

Honey processing 

Dessert puddings manufacturing 

Popcorn (except popped) manufacturing 

Egg substitutes manufacturing 

Powdered drink mixes (except chocolate, coffee, tea, or milk based) manufacturing 

Fresh pasta manufacturing 

Sweetening syrups (except pure maple) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing animal foods--are classified in Industry Group 3111, Animal Food Manufacturing; 

 Milling grain and oilseed--are classified in Industry Group 3112, Grain and Oilseed Milling; 

 Manufacturing sugar and confectionery products--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and 

Confectionery Product Manufacturing; 

 Preserving fruit, vegetables, and specialty foods--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and 

Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dairy products--are classified in Industry Group 3115, Dairy Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing meat products--are classified in Industry Group 3116, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; 

 Manufacturing seafood products--are classified in Industry Group 3117, Seafood Product 

Preparation and Packaging; 

 Manufacturing bakery and tortilla products--are classified in Industry Group 3118, Bakeries and 

Tortilla Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing snack foods--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coffee and tea--are classified in Industry 31192, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing flavoring syrups and concentrates (except coffee-based)--are classified in Industry 

31193, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing seasonings and dressings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing 

Manufacturing; 

 Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour 

Milling and Malt Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in Industry 31182, 

Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; and 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with other purchased ingredients--are 

classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying. 

311991 Perishable Prepared Food Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing perishable prepared 

foods, such as salads, sandwiches, prepared meals, fresh pizza, fresh pasta, and peeled or cut vegetables. 

311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food (except animal 

food; grain and oilseed milling; sugar and confectionery products; preserved fruits, vegetables, and 

specialties; dairy products; meat products; seafood products; bakeries and tortillas; snack foods; coffee and 

tea; flavoring syrups and concentrates; seasonings and dressings; and perishable prepared food). Included 

in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated 
ingredients including those mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and 

bouillon. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Baking powder manufacturing 

Popcorn (except popped) manufacturing 

Cake frosting, prepared, manufacturing 

Powdered drink mixes (except chocolate, coffee, tea, or milk based) manufacturing 

Dessert puddings manufacturing 

Egg substitutes manufacturing 

Sweetening syrups (except pure maple) manufacturing 

Gelatin dessert preparations manufacturing 

Yeast manufacturing 

Honey processing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing animal foods--are classified in Industry Group 3111, Animal Food Manufacturing; 

 Milling grain and oilseed--are classified in Industry Group 3112, Grain and Oilseed Milling; 

 Manufacturing sugar and confectionery products--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and 

Confectionery Product Manufacturing; 

 Preserving fruit, vegetable, and specialty foods--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and 

Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dairy products--are classified in Industry Group 3115, Dairy Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing meat products--are classified in Industry Group 3116, Animal Slaughtering and 

Processing; 

 Manufacturing seafood products--are classified in Industry Group 3117, Seafood Product 

Preparation and Packaging; 

 Manufacturing bakery and tortilla products--are classified in Industry Group 3118, Bakeries and 

Tortilla Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing snack foods--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coffee and tea--are classified in Industry 31192, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing flavoring syrups and concentrates (except coffee-based)--are classified in Industry 

31193, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing seasonings and dressings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing perishable prepared foods--are classified in U.S. Industry 311991, Perishable 

Prepared Food Manufacturing; 

 Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311212, Rice 

Milling; 

 Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311823, 

Dry Pasta Manufacturing; and 

 Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with other purchased ingredients--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing. 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing subsector manufacture beverages and 

tobacco products. The industry group, Beverage Manufacturing, includes three types of establishments: (1) 

those that manufacture nonalcoholic beverages; (2) those that manufacture alcoholic beverages through the 

fermentation process; and (3) those that produce distilled alcoholic beverages. Ice manufacturing, while 

not a beverage, is included with nonalcoholic beverage manufacturing because it uses the same production 

process as water purification. 
 In the case of activities related to the manufacture of beverages, the structure follows the defined 

production processes. Brandy, a distilled beverage, was not placed under distillery product manufacturing, 

but rather under the NAICS class for winery product manufacturing since the production process used in 

the manufacturing of alcoholic grape-based beverages produces both wines (fermented beverage) and 

brandies (distilled beverage). 

 The industry group, Tobacco Manufacturing, includes two types of establishments: (1) those engaged in 

redrying and stemming tobacco and, (2) those that manufacture tobacco products, such as cigarettes and 

cigars. 

3121 Beverage Manufacturing 

31211 Soft Drink and Ice Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing soft drinks; (2) manufacturing ice; and (3) purifying and bottling water. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Canning fruit and vegetable juices--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, 

Pickling, and Drying; 

 Manufacturing soft drink bases--are classified in Industry 31193, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonalcoholic cider--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dry ice--are classified in Industry 32512, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing milk-based drinks--are classified in Industry 31151, Dairy Product (except Frozen) 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonalcoholic beers--are classified in Industry 31212, Breweries; 

 Manufacturing nonalcoholic wines--are classified in Industry 31213, Wineries; and 

 Bottling purchased purified water--are classified in Industry 42449, Other Grocery and Related 

Products Merchant Wholesalers. 

312111 Soft Drink Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drinks and 

artificially carbonated waters. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Canning fruit and vegetable juices--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, Fruit and Vegetable 

Canning; 

 Manufacturing fruit syrups for flavoring--are classified in Industry 31193, Flavoring Syrup and 

Concentrate Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonalcoholic cider--are classified in U.S. Industry 311941, Mayonnaise, Dressing, 

and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing; 

 Purifying and bottling water (except artificially carbonated and flavored water)--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 312112, Bottled Water Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing milk-based drinks--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonalcoholic beers--are classified in Industry 312120, Breweries; and 

 Manufacturing nonalcoholic wines--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries. 

312112 Bottled Water Manufacturing MEX 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in purifying and bottling water (including 

naturally carbonated). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing artificially carbonated waters--are classified in U.S. Industry 312111, Soft Drink 

Manufacturing; and 

 Bottling purchased purified water--are classified in Industry 424490, Other Grocery and Related 

Products Merchant Wholesalers. 

312113 Ice Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ice. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry ice are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial 

Gas Manufacturing. 

31212 Breweries 

 See industry description for 312120 below. 

312120 Breweries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in brewing beer, ale, malt liquors, and 

nonalcoholic beer. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Bottling purchased malt beverages--are classified in Industry 424810, Beer and Ale Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Manufacturing malt--are classified in U.S. Industry 311213, Malt Manufacturing. 

31213 Wineries 

 See industry description for 312130 below. 

312130 Wineries CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing 

grapes and manufacturing wines and brandies; (2) manufacturing wines and brandies from grapes and other 

fruits grown elsewhere; and (3) blending wines and brandies. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in bottling purchased wines are classified in Industry 424820, Wine 

and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers. 

31214 Distilleries 

 See industry description for 312140 below. 

312140 Distilleries CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) distilling 

potable liquors (except brandies); (2) distilling and blending liquors; and (3) blending and mixing liquors 

and other ingredients. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nonpotable ethyl alcohol--are classified in U.S. Industry 325193, Ethyl Alcohol 

Manufacturing; 

 Bottling liquors made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 424820, Wine and Distilled Alcoholic 

Beverage Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Manufacturing brandies--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries. 

3122 Tobacco Manufacturing 

31221 Tobacco Stemming and Redrying 

 See industry description for 312210 below. 

312210 Tobacco Stemming and Redrying 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the stemming and redrying of tobacco. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Reconstituting tobacco--are classified in U.S. Industry 312229, Other Tobacco Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Selling leaf tobacco as merchant wholesalers that also engage in stemming tobacco--are classified 

in Industry 424940, Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Selling leaf tobacco as agents or brokers that also engage in stemming tobacco--are classified in 

Industry 425120, Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers. 

31222 Tobacco Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cigarettes, cigars, smoking 

and chewing tobacco, and reconstituted tobacco. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in stemming and redrying tobacco are classified in Industry 31221, 

Tobacco Stemming and Redrying. 

312221 Cigarette Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cigarettes. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cigars, smoking tobacco, chewing tobacco, and 

reconstituted tobacco are classified in U.S. Industry 312229, Other Tobacco Product Manufacturing. 

312229 Other Tobacco Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tobacco products 

(except cigarettes). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Chewing tobacco manufacturing 

Reconstituting tobacco 

Cigar manufacturing 
Snuff manufacturing 

Prepared pipe tobacco manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cigarettes--are classified in U.S. Industry 312221, Cigarette Manufacturing; and 

 Stemming and redrying tobacco--are classified in Industry 312210, Tobacco Stemming and 

Redrying. 

313 Textile Mills 

 Industries in the Textile Mills subsector group establishments that transform a basic fiber (natural or 

synthetic) into a product, such as yarn or fabric that is further manufactured into usable items, such as 

apparel, sheets, towels, and textile bags for individual or industrial consumption. The further 

manufacturing may be performed in the same establishment and classified in this subsector, or it may be 

performed at a separate establishment and be classified elsewhere in manufacturing. 

 The main processes in this subsector include preparation and spinning of fiber, knitting or weaving of 

fabric, and the finishing of the textile. The NAICS structure follows and captures this process flow. Major 

industries in this flow, such as preparation of fibers, weaving of fabric, knitting of fabric, and fiber and 

fabric finishing, are uniquely identified. Texturizing, throwing, twisting, and winding of yarn contains 

aspects of both fiber preparation and fiber finishing and is classified with preparation of fibers rather than 

with finishing of fiber. 

 NAICS separates the manufacturing of primary textiles and the manufacturing of textile products (except 

apparel) when the textile product is produced from purchased primary textiles, such as fabric. The 

manufacturing of textile products (except apparel) from purchased fabric is classified in Subsector 314, 

Textile Product Mills, and apparel from purchased fabric is classified in Subsector 315, Apparel 

Manufacturing. 

 Excluded from this subsector are establishments that weave or knit fabric and make garments. These 

establishments are included in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing. 

3131 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills 

31311 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) spinning 

yarn; (2) manufacturing thread of any fiber; (3) texturizing, throwing, twisting, and winding purchased yarn 

or manmade fiber filaments; and (4) producing hemp yarn and further processing into rope or bags. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing artificial and synthetic fibers and filaments and 

texturizing these filaments are classified in Industry 32522, Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 

Manufacturing. 

313111 Yarn Spinning Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in spinning yarn from any fiber and/or 

producing hemp yarn and further processing into rope or bags. 

313112 Yarn Texturizing, Throwing, and Twisting Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in texturizing, throwing, twisting, 

spooling, or winding purchased yarns or manmade fiber filaments. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing artificial and synthetic fiber and filament and 

texturizing these fibers and filaments are classified in Industry 32522, Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and 

Filaments Manufacturing. 

313113 Thread Mills MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing thread (e.g., sewing, 

hand-knitting, crochet) of all fibers. 

3132 Fabric Mills 

31321 Broadwoven Fabric Mills 

 See industry description for 313210 below. 

 

313210 Broadwoven Fabric Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in weaving broadwoven fabrics and felts 

(except tire fabrics and rugs). Establishments in this industry may weave only, weave and finish, or weave, 

finish, and further fabricate fabric products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Weaving widths specifically constructed for cutting to narrow widths--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 313221, Narrow Fabric Mills; 

 Weaving or tufting carpet and rugs--are classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; and 

 Making tire cord and tire fabrics--are classified in U.S. Industry 314992, Tire Cord and Tire Fabric 

Mills. 

31322 Narrow Fabric Mills and Schiffli Machine Embroidery 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) weaving 

or braiding narrow fabrics; (2) manufacturing Schiffli machine embroideries; and (3) making fabriccovered elastic yarn and thread. 

 

313221 Narrow Fabric Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) weaving or braiding narrow fabrics 

in their final form or initially made in wider widths that are specially constructed for narrower widths 

and/or (2) making fabric-covered elastic yarn and thread. Establishments in this industry may weave only; 

weave and finish; or weave, finish, and further fabricate fabric products. 

313222 Schiffli Machine Embroidery US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing Schiffli machine 

embroideries. 

31323 Nonwoven Fabric Mills 

 See industry description for 313230 below. 

313230 Nonwoven Fabric Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonwoven fabrics and felts. 

Processes used include bonding and/or interlocking fibers by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or solvent 

means, or by combinations thereof. 

31324 Knit Fabric Mills 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting weft (i.e., 

circular) and warp (i.e., flat) fabric; (2) knitting and finishing weft and warp fabric; (3) manufacturing lace; 

or (4) manufacturing, dyeing, and finishing lace and lace goods. Establishments in this industry may knit 

only; knit and finish; or knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel 

Knitting Mills. 

313241 Weft Knit Fabric Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting weft (i.e., circular) fabric or 

knitting and finishing weft fabric. Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit and finish; or knit, 

finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel 

Knitting Mills. 

313249 Other Knit Fabric and Lace Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting warp 

(i.e., flat) fabric; (2) knitting and finishing warp fabric; (3) manufacturing lace; or (4) manufacturing, 

dyeing, or finishing lace and lace goods. Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit and finish; or 

knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel 

Knitting Mills. 

3133 Textile and Fabric Finishing and Fabric Coating Mills 

31331 Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in finishing of textiles, fabrics, and apparel, 

and (2) establishments of converters who buy fabric goods in the grey, have them finished on contract, and 

sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include: bleaching, dyeing, printing (e.g., roller, screen, flock, 

plisse), stonewashing, and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, 

calendering, mercerizing, and napping; as well as cleaning, scouring, and the preparation of natural fibers 

and raw stock. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Coating or impregnating fabrics--are classified in Industry 31332, Fabric Coating Mills; 

 Knitting or knitting and finishing fabric--are classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills; 

 Manufacturing and finishing apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Weaving and finishing fabrics--are classified in Industry Group 3132, Fabric Mills; 

 Manufacturing and finishing rugs and carpets--are classified in Industry 31411, Carpet and Rug 

Mills; and 

 Printing on apparel--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing. 
313311 Broadwoven Fabric Finishing Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in finishing broadwoven fabrics, and 

(2) establishments of converters who buy broadwoven fabrics in the grey, have them finished on contract, 

and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include bleaching, dyeing, printing (roller, screen, flock, plisse), 

and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing and 

napping. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Coating or impregnating fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; and 

 Weaving and finishing broadwoven fabrics--are classified in Industry 313210, Broadwoven Fabric 

Mills. 

313312 Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in dyeing, bleaching, printing, and 

other finishing of textiles, apparel, and fabrics (except broadwoven) and (2) establishments of converters 

who buy fabrics (except broadwoven) in the grey, have them finished on contract, and sell at wholesale. 

Finishing operations include bleaching, dyeing, printing (e.g., roller, screen, flock, plisse), stonewashing, 

and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing and 

napping; as well as cleaning, scouring, and the preparation of natural fibers and raw stock. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting and finishing fabric--are classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills; 

 Finishing broadwoven fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 313311, Broadwoven Fabric 

Finishing Mills; 

 Weaving and finishing narrow woven fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 313221, Narrow 

Fabric Mills; 

 Manufacturing and finishing apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Coating or impregnating fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; and 

 Printing on apparel--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing. 

31332 Fabric Coating Mills 

 See industry description for 313320 below. 

313320 Fabric Coating Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in coating, laminating, varnishing, waxing, and 

rubberizing textiles and apparel. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in dyeing and finishing textiles are classified in Industry 31331, Textile 

and Fabric Finishing Mills. 

314 Textile Product Mills 

 Industries in the Textile Product Mills subsector group establishments that make textile products (except 

apparel). With a few exceptions, processes used in these industries are generally cut and sew (i.e., 

purchasing fabric and cutting and sewing to make nonapparel textile products, such as sheets and towels). 

3141 Textile Furnishings Mills 
31411 Carpet and Rug Mills 

 See industry description for 314110 below. 

 

314110 Carpet and Rug Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing woven, tufted, and other 

carpets and rugs, such as art squares, floor mattings, needlepunch carpeting, and door mats and mattings, 

from textile materials or from twisted paper, grasses, reeds, sisal, jute, or rags and/or (2) finishing carpets 

and rugs. 

31412 Curtain and Linen Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household textile products, 

such as curtains, draperies, linens, bedspreads, sheets, tablecloths, towels, and shower curtains, from 

purchased materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Weaving broadwoven fabrics--are classified in Industry 31321, Broadwoven Fabric Mills; 

 Manufacturing lace curtains on lace machines--are classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills; 

 Manufacturing textile blanket, wardrobe, and laundry bags--are classified in Industry 31491, 

Textile Bag and Canvas Mills; and 

 Manufacturing mops--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing. 

314121 Curtain and Drapery Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing window curtains and 

draperies from purchased fabrics or sheet goods. The curtains and draperies may be made on a stock or 

custom basis for sale to individual retail customers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing lace curtains on lace machines are classified in U.S. 

Industry 313249, Other Knit Fabric and Lace Mills. 

314129 Other Household Textile Product Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household textile 

products (except window curtains and draperies), such as bedspreads, sheets, tablecloths, towels, and 

shower curtains, from purchased materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Weaving fabrics--are classified in Industry 313210, Broadwoven Fabric Mills; 

 Manufacturing blanket, laundry, and wardrobe bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, 

Textile Bag Mills; 

 Manufacturing mops--are classified in U.S. Industry 339994, Broom, Brush, and Mop 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing window curtains and draperies--are classified in U.S. Industry 314121, Curtain and 

Drapery Mills. 

3149 Other Textile Product Mills 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in making textile products (except 

carpets and rugs, curtains and draperies, and other household textile products) from purchased materials. 
31491 Textile Bag and Canvas Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile bags, awnings, tents, 

and related products from purchased textile fabrics. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastic bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and 

Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing canvas blinds and shades--are classified in Industry 33792, Blind and Shade 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing luggage--are classified in Industry 31699, Other Leather and Allied Product 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing women's handbags and purses of leather or other material (except precious metal)--

are classified in Industry 31699, Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing. 

314911 Textile Bag Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bags from purchased 

textile fabrics or yarns. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Canvas bags manufacturing 

Seed bags made from purchased woven or knitted materials 

Laundry bags made from purchased woven or knitted materials 

Textile bags made from purchased woven or knitted materials 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag and Pouch 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing luggage--are classified in U.S. Industry 316991, Luggage Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing women's handbags and purses of leather or other material, except precious metal--

are classified in U.S. Industry 316992, Women's Handbag and Purse Manufacturing. 

314912 Canvas and Related Product Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canvas and canvas-like 

products, such as awnings, sails, tarpaulins, and tents, from purchased fabrics. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canvas blinds and shades--are classified in Industry 337920, Blind and Shade 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing canvas bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills. 

31499 All Other Textile Product Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonapparel textile products 

(except carpet, rugs, curtains, linens, bags, and canvas products) from purchased materials. This industry 

includes establishments primarily engaged in decorative stitching such as embroidery or other art 

needlework on textile products, including apparel. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Batts and batting (except nonwoven fabrics) manufacturing 

Fishing nets made from purchased materials 

Carpet cutting and binding 

Sleeping bags manufacturing 

Diapers (except disposable) made from purchased fabric 

Textile fire hoses made from purchased materials 

Dust cloths made from purchased fabric 

Embroidering on textile products for the trade 

Weatherstripping made from purchased textiles 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing yarns and thread--are classified in Industry 31311, Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; 

 Manufacturing carpets and rugs--are classified in Industry 31411, Carpet and Rug Mills; 

 Manufacturing apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing curtains and linens--are classified in Industry 31412, Curtain and Linen Mills; and 

 Manufacturing textile bags and canvas products--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and 

Canvas Mills. 

314991 Rope, Cordage, and Twine Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rope, cable, cordage, 

twine, and related products from all materials (e.g., abaca, sisal, henequen, hemp, cotton, paper, jute, flax, 

manmade fibers including glass). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in spinning yarns and filaments are classified in U.S. Industry 313111, 

Yarn Spinning Mills. 

314992 Tire Cord and Tire Fabric Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cord and fabric of 

polyester, rayon, cotton, glass, steel, or other materials for use in reinforcing rubber tires, industrial belting, 

and similar uses. 

314999 All Other Miscellaneous Textile Product Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile products (except 

carpets and rugs; curtains and linens; textile bags and canvas products; rope, cordage, and twine; and tire 

cords and tire fabrics) from purchased materials. These establishments may further embellish the textile 

products they manufacture with decorative stitching. Establishments primarily engaged in adding 

decorative stitching such as embroidery or other art needlework on textile products, including apparel, on a 

contract or fee basis for the trade, are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Batts and batting (except nonwoven fabrics) manufacturing 

Embroidering on textile products or apparel for the trade 

Carpet cutting and binding 

Sleeping bags manufacturing 

Diapers (except disposable) made from purchased materials 

Textile fire hoses made from purchased materials 

Dust cloths made from purchased fabric 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing yarns and thread--are classified in Industry 31311, Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; 

 Manufacturing carpets and rugs--are classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; 

 Manufacturing curtains and linens--are classified in Industry 31412, Curtain and Linen Mills; 

 Manufacturing textile bags and canvas products--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and 

Canvas Mills; 

 Manufacturing rope, cordage, and twine--are classified in U.S. Industry 314991, Rope, Cordage, 

and Twine Mills; and 

 Manufacturing tire cords and tire fabrics--are classified in U.S. Industry 314992, Tire Cord and 

Tire Fabric Mills. 

315 Apparel Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Apparel Manufacturing subsector group establishments with two distinct manufacturing 

processes: (1) cut and sew (i.e., purchasing fabric and cutting and sewing to make a garment), and (2) the 

manufacture of garments in establishments that first knit fabric and then cut and sew the fabric into a 

garment. The Apparel Manufacturing subsector includes a diverse range of establishments manufacturing 

full lines of ready-to-wear apparel and custom apparel: apparel contractors, performing cutting or sewing 

operations on materials owned by others; jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel 

manufacture; and tailors, manufacturing custom garments for individual clients are all included. Knitting, 

when done alone, is classified in the Textile Mills subsector, but when knitting is combined with the 

production of complete garments, the activity is classified in Apparel Manufacturing. 

3151 Apparel Knitting Mills 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel or knitting fabric and 

then manufacturing apparel. This industry group includes jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions 

involved in knitting apparel and accessories. Knitting fabric, without manufacturing apparel, is classified in 

Subsector 313, Textile Mills. 

31511 Hosiery and Sock Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting or knitting and finishing hosiery 

and socks. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing orthopedic hosiery--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and 

Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing slipper socks from purchased socks--are classified in Industry 31621, Footwear 

Manufacturing; and 

 Finishing apparel products only--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing 

Mills. 

315111 Sheer Hosiery Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting or knitting and finishing 

women's, misses', and girls' full-length and knee-length sheer hosiery (except socks). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting or knitting and finishing socks--are classified in U.S. Industry 315119, Other Hosiery and 

Sock Mills; 
 Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric 

Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills; and 

 Manufacturing orthopedic hosiery--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and 

Supplies Manufacturing. 

315119 Other Hosiery and Sock Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting or knitting and finishing 

hosiery (except women's, misses', and girls' full-length and knee-length sheer hosiery). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting or knitting and finishing women's, misses', and girls' full-length and knee-length sheer 

hosiery--are classified in U.S. Industry 315111, Sheer Hosiery Mills; 

 Manufacturing orthopedic hosiery--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and 

Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric 

Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills; and 

 Manufacturing slipper socks from purchased socks--are classified in U.S. Industry 316212, House 

Slipper Manufacturing. 

31519 Other Apparel Knitting Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting 

underwear, outerwear, and/or nightwear; (2) knitting fabric and manufacturing underwear, outerwear, 

and/or nightwear; or (3) knitting, manufacturing, and finishing knit underwear, outerwear, and/or 

nightwear. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing outerwear, underwear, and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in 

Industry Group 3152, Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Finishing apparel products only--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing 

Mills. 

315191 Outerwear Knitting Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

knitting outerwear; (2) knitting fabric and manufacturing outerwear; and (3) knitting, manufacturing, and 

finishing knit outerwear. Examples of products made in knit outerwear mills are shirts, shorts, sweat suits, 

sweaters, gloves, and pants. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry Group 3152, Cut and 

Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric 

Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills; and 

 Knitting underwear and nightwear, knitting fabric and manufacturing underwear and nightwear, or 

knitting, manufacturing, and finishing knit underwear and nightwear--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315192, Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills. 

315192 Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting 

underwear and nightwear; (2) knitting fabric and manufacturing underwear and nightwear; or (3) knitting, 

manufacturing, and finishing knit underwear and nightwear. Examples of products produced in underwear 

and nightwear knitting mills are briefs, underwear T-shirts, pajamas, nightshirts, foundation garments, and 

panties. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry Group 

3152, Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric 

Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills. 

3152 Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew apparel 

from woven fabric or purchased knit fabric. Included in this industry group is a diverse range of 

establishments manufacturing full lines of ready-to-wear apparel and custom apparel: apparel contractors, 

performing cutting or sewing operations on materials owned by others; jobbers performing entrepreneurial 

functions involved in apparel manufacture; and tailors, manufacturing custom garments for individual 

clients. Establishments weaving or knitting fabric, without manufacturing apparel, are classified in 

Subsector 313, Textile Mills. 

31521 Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments commonly referred to as contractors primarily engaged in (1) 

cutting materials owned by others for apparel and accessories and/or (2) sewing materials owned by others 

for apparel and accessories. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, 

Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, 

Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing infants' apparel and all other cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric--are 

classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing apparel accessories from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31599, 

Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing. 

315211 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments commonly referred to as contractors primarily engaged in 

(1) cutting materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel and/or (2) sewing materials owned by 

others for men's and boys' apparel. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, 

Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing infants' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, 

Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel accessories from purchased fabric--are classified in 

Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; and 
 Embroidering men's and boys' apparel on a contract or fee basis for the trade--are classified in 

Industry 314999, All Other Miscellaneous Textile Product Mills. 

315212 Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments commonly referred to as contractors primarily engaged in 

(1) cutting materials owned by others for women's, girls', and infants' apparel and accessories and/or (2) 

sewing materials owned by others for women's, girls', and infants' apparel and accessories. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, 

Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing infants' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, 

Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's, girls', and infants' apparel accessories from purchased fabric--are 

classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Embroidering women's, girls', and infants' apparel on a contract or fee basis for the trade--are 

classified in Industry 314999, All Other Miscellaneous Textile Product Mills. 

31522 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' cut and sew 

apparel from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions 

involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, 

arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel--are classified in 

Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Knitting men's and boys' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing men's and boys' apparel--are 

classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; and 

 Manufacturing fur or leather apparel and team athletic uniforms--are classified in Industry 31529, 

Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing. 

315221 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' 

underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' underwear and nightwear jobbers, who 

perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, 

designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing 

finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are briefs, bathrobes, 

underwear T-shirts and shorts, nightshirts, and pajamas. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting men's and boys' underwear and nightwear and/or knitting and manufacturing men's and 

boys' underwear and nightwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 315192, Underwear and Nightwear 

Knitting Mills; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' underwear and nightwear--

are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315222 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, and Overcoat Manufacturing CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' suits, 

overcoats, sport coats, tuxedos, dress uniforms, and other tailored apparel (except fur and leather) from 

purchased fabric. Men's and boys' suit, coat, and overcoat jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions 

involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, 

arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' nontailored coats and jackets such as down coats and windbreakers 

made from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew 

Other Outerwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather 

Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' washable service apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' team athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' suits, coats, and overcoats--

are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315223 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' 

outerwear shirts from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' shirt (except work shirt) jobbers, who perform 

entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and 

preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, 

are included. Unisex outerwear shirts, such as T-shirts and sweatshirts that are sized without specific 

reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' work shirts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear T-shirts and underwear tank tops from purchased 

fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315221, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and 

Nightwear Manufacturing; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' shirts--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; and 

 Knitting men's and boys' outerwear shirts or knitting fabric and manufacturing men's and boys' 

outerwear shirts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills. 

315224 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' jeans, 

dungarees, and other separate trousers and slacks (except work pants) from purchased fabric. Men's and 

boys' trouser, slack, and jean jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel 

manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be 

made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' work pants from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather 

Apparel Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing men's and boys' sweatpants and shorts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' separate trousers, slacks, and 

jeans--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315225 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' work 

shirts, work pants (excluding jeans and dungarees), other work clothing, and washable service apparel from 

purchased fabric. Men's and boys' work clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved 

in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for 

apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of 

products made by these establishments are washable service apparel, laboratory coats, work shirts, work 

pants (except jeans and dungarees), and hospital apparel. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' separate trousers, slacks, and pants, including jeans and dungarees 

from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315224, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew 

Trouser, Slack, and Jean Manufacturing; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' work clothing--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315228 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' cut and 

sew outerwear from purchased fabric (except underwear, nightwear, shirts, suits, overcoats and tailored 

coats, separate trousers and slacks, and work clothing). Men's and boys' other outerwear jobbers, who 

perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, 

designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing 

finished apparel, are included. Unisex sweatpants and similar garments that are sized without specific 

reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL) are also included in this industry. Examples of products made 

by these establishments are athletic clothing (except athletic uniforms), bathing suits, down coats, 

outerwear shorts, windbreakers and jackets, and jogging suits. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing leather and fur apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather 

Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Knitting men's and boys' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing men's and boys' apparel--are 

classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315221, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' tailored suits, coats, and overcoats from purchased fabric--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315222, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, and Overcoat 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' outerwear shirts (except work shirts) from purchased fabric--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315223, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) 

Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing men's and boys' separate pants, trousers, and slacks from purchased fabric--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315224, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' work clothing from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing. 

31523 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' apparel 

from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions 

involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, 

arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting women's and girls' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' 

apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; 

 Manufacturing unisex outerwear garments, such as T-shirts, sweatshirts, and sweatpants that are 

sized without reference to specific gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL)--are classified in Industry 

31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' apparel--are classified in 

Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; and 

 Manufacturing fur or leather apparel and team athletic uniforms--are classified in Industry 31529, 

Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing. 

315231 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Lingerie, Loungewear, and Nightwear Manufacturing 

CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' bras, 

girdles, and other underwear; lingerie; loungewear; and nightwear from purchased fabric. Women's and 

girls' lingerie, loungewear, and nightwear jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in 

apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for 

apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of 

products made by these establishments are bathrobes, foundation garments, nightgowns, pajamas, panties, 

and slips. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, and lingerie or knitting fabric and 

manufacturing women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, and lingerie--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315192, Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, 

and lingerie--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew 

Apparel Contractors. 

315232 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Blouse and Shirt Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' 

blouses and shirts from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' blouse and shirt jobbers, who perform 

entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and 

preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, 

are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Knitting women's and girls' blouses, shirts, and tops or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's 

and girls' blouses, shirts, and tops--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting 

Mills; 

 Manufacturing unisex outerwear shirts, such as T-shirts and sweatshirts that are sized without 

specific reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL)--are classified in U.S. Industry 315223, Men's 

and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' shirts and blouses--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel 

Contractors. 

315233 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Dress Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' 

dresses from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' dress jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions 

involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, 

arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting women's and girls' dresses or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' 

dresses--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' dresses--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315234 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, Tailored Jacket, and Skirt Manufacturing 

CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' suits, 

pantsuits, skirts, tailored jackets, vests, raincoats, and other tailored coats, (except fur and leather coats) 

from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' suit, coat, tailored jacket, and skirt jobbers, who perform 

entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and 

preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, 

are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' team athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' separate slacks, jeans, pants, and nontailored coats and jackets, 

such as down coats and windbreakers from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315239, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather 

Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Knitting women's and girls' tailored skirts, suits, vests, and coats or knitting fabric and 

manufacturing women's and girls' tailored skirts, suits, vests, and coats--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' suits, coats, tailored 

jackets, and skirts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and 

Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315239 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' cut 

and sew apparel from purchased fabric (except underwear, lingerie, nightwear, blouses, shirts, dresses, 

suits, tailored coats, tailored jackets, and skirts). Women's and girls' other outerwear clothing jobbers, who 
perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, 

designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing 

finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are bathing suits, down 

coats, sweaters, jogging suits, outerwear pants and shorts, and windbreakers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' team athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Knitting women's and girls' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' 

apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, 

Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' apparel--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' lingerie, loungewear, and nightwear from purchased fabric--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315231, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Lingerie, Loungewear, and 

Nightwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' blouses and outerwear shirts from purchased fabric--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315232, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Blouse and Shirt 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing unisex sweatpants and similar outerwear garments that are sized without specific 

reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL)--are classified in U.S. Industry 315228, Men's and 

Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' dresses from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315233, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Dress Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' suits, skirts, and tailored coats and jackets from purchased 

fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315234, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, 

Tailored Jacket, and Skirt Manufacturing. 

31529 Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew apparel from 

purchased fabric (except men's, boys', women's, and girls' apparel). This industry includes establishments 

manufacturing apparel, such as fur apparel, leather apparel, infants' apparel, costumes, and clerical 

vestments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, 

Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, 

Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Knitting apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel--are classified in Industry Group 

3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing fur and leather mittens and gloves--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel 

Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Dyeing and dressing furs--are classified in Industry 31611, Leather and Hide Tanning and 

Finishing. 

315291 Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing infants' dresses, 

blouses, shirts, and all other infants' wear from purchased fabric. Infants' clothing jobbers, who perform 

entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and 

preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, 

are included. For the purposes of classification, the term "infants' apparel" includes apparel for young 

children of an age not exceeding 24 months. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting infants' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing infants' apparel--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; and 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for infants' apparel--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315292 Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew fur and 

leather apparel, and sheep-lined clothing. Fur and leather apparel jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial 

functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing 

samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are 

included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Dyeing and dressing furs--are classified in Industry 316110, Leather and Hide Tanning and 

Finishing; and 

 Manufacturing fur and leather mittens and gloves--are classified in U.S. Industry 315992, Glove 

and Mitten Manufacturing. 

315299 All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew apparel 

from purchased fabric (except cut and sew apparel contractors; men's and boys' cut and sew underwear, 

nightwear, suits, coats, shirts, trousers, work clothing, and other outerwear; women's and girls' lingerie, 

blouses, shirts, dresses, suits, coats, and other outerwear; infants' apparel; and fur and leather apparel). 

Clothing jobbers for these products, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel 

manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be 

made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by 

these establishments are team athletic uniforms, band uniforms, academic caps and gowns, clerical 

vestments, and costumes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Knitting apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel--are classified in Industry Group 

3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315221, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' suits, coats, and overcoats from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315222, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, and Overcoat Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' shirts (except work shirts) from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315223, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing men's and boys' pants, slacks, trousers, and jeans from purchased fabric--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 315224, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' work clothing from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing other men's and boys' outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' lingerie and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 315231, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Lingerie, Loungewear, and Nightwear 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' blouses and shirts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315232, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Blouse and Shirt Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' dresses from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315233, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Dress Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' suits, tailored coats and jackets, and skirts from purchased 

fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315234, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, 

Tailored Jacket, and Skirt Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing other women's and girls' outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 315239, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing infants' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, 

Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather 

Apparel Manufacturing. 

3159 Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing apparel accessories 

and other apparel (except apparel knitting mills, apparel contractors, men's and boys' cut and sew apparel, 

women's and girls' cut and sew apparel, infants' cut and sew apparel, fur and leather apparel, and all other 

cut and sew apparel). This industry group includes jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions involved 

in manufacturing apparel accessories. 

31599 Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing apparel and accessories 

(except apparel knitting mills, cut and sew apparel contractors, men's and boys' cut and sew apparel, 

women's and girls' cut and sew apparel, and other cut and sew apparel). Jobbers, who perform 

entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel accessories manufacture, including buying raw materials, 

designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel accessories to be made from their materials, and 

marketing finished apparel accessories, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments 

are belts, caps, gloves (except medical, sporting, safety), hats, and neckties. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel accessories--are classified in Industry 

31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing paper hats and caps--are classified in Industry 32229, Other Converted Paper 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics or rubber hats and caps (except bathing caps)--are classified in Subsector 

326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing athletic gloves, such as boxing gloves, baseball gloves, golf gloves, batting gloves, 

and racquetball gloves--are classified in Industry 33992, Sporting and Athletic Goods 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal fabric, metal mesh, or rubber gloves--are classified in Industry 33911, 

Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 
 Knitting apparel, mittens, gloves, hats, and caps or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel, 

mittens, gloves, hats, and caps--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in 

Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified 

in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other apparel from purchased fabric and manufacturing fur and leather apparel, 

hats, and caps--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing. 

315991 Hat, Cap, and Millinery Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew hats, caps, 

millinery, and hat bodies from purchased fabric. Jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved 

in hat, cap, and millinery manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, 

arranging for hats, caps, and millinery to be made from their materials, and marketing finished hats, caps, 

and millinery, are included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for hats, caps, and millinery--are classified in 

Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing paper hats and caps--are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted 

Paper Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics or rubber hats and caps (except bathing caps)--are classified in Subsector 

326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fur and leather hats and caps--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and 

Leather Apparel Manufacturing. 

315992 Glove and Mitten Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew gloves 

(except rubber, metal, and athletic gloves) and mittens from purchased fabric, fur, leather, or from 

combinations of fabric, fur, or leather. Jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in glove 

and mitten manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for 

gloves and mittens to be made from their materials, and marketing finished gloves and mittens, are 

included. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for gloves and mittens--are classified in Industry 

31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Knitting mittens and gloves or knitting fabric and manufacturing mittens and gloves--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; 

 Manufacturing athletic gloves, such as boxing gloves, baseball gloves, golf gloves, batting gloves, 

and racquetball gloves--are classified in Industry 339920, Sporting and Athletic Goods 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metal fabric, metal mesh, or rubber gloves--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, 

Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing. 

315993 Men's and Boys' Neckwear Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' cut and 

sew neckties, scarves, and mufflers from purchased fabric, leather, or from combinations of leather and 
fabric. Men's and boys' neckwear jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in neckwear 

manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for neckwear to 

be made from their materials, and marketing finished neckwear, are included. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' 

neckwear are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. 

315999 Other Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing apparel and apparel 

accessories (except apparel knitting mills; cut and sew apparel contractors; cut and sew apparel; hats and 

caps; mittens and gloves; and men's and boys' neckwear). Jobbers for these products, who perform 

entrepreneurial functions involved in other apparel and accessory manufacture, including buying raw 

materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for other apparel and accessories to be made from 

their materials, and marketing finished other apparel and accessories, are included. Examples of products 

made by these establishments are apparel trimmings and findings, belts, women's scarves, and suspenders. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Knitting apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel--are classified in Industry Group 

3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; 

 Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Contractors; 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' cut and sew underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are 

classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's and girls' cut and sew underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--

are classified in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing infants' cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315291, Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather 

Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing hats, caps, and millinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 315991, Hat, Cap, and 

Millinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gloves and mittens--are classified in U.S. Industry 315992, Glove and Mitten 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing men's and boys' neckwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 315993, Men's and Boys' 

Neckwear Manufacturing. 

316 Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing 

 Establishments in the Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing subsector transform hides into leather by 

tanning or curing and fabricating the leather into products for final consumption. It also includes the 

manufacture of similar products from other materials, including products (except apparel) made from 

"leather substitutes," such as rubber, plastics, or textiles. Rubber footwear, textile luggage, and plastics 

purses or wallets are examples of "leather substitute" products included in this group. The products made 

from leather substitutes are included in this subsector because they are made in similar ways leather 

products are made (e.g., luggage). They are made in the same establishments, so it is not practical to 

separate them. 

 The inclusion of leather making in this subsector is partly because leather tanning is a relatively small 

industry that has few close neighbors as a production process, partly because leather is an input to some of 

the other products classified in this subsector and partly for historical reasons. 

3161 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing 
31611 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing 

 See industry description for 316110 below. 

316110 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) tanning, 

currying, and finishing hides and skins; (2) having others process hides and skins on a contract basis; and 

(3) dyeing or dressing furs. 

3162 Footwear Manufacturing 

31621 Footwear Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing footwear (except orthopedic 

extension footwear). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear are classified in 

Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing. 

316211 Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber and plastics 

footwear with vulcanized rubber or plastics soles, molded or cemented to rubber, plastics, or fabric uppers, 

and rubber and plastics protective footwear. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing house slippers with fabric uppers and rubber or plastics soles--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 316212, House Slipper Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's footwear (except athletic) with leather or vinyl uppers, regardless of sole 

material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316213, Men's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing women's footwear (except athletic) with leather or vinyl uppers, regardless of sole 

material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316214, Women's Footwear (except Athletic) 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing youths' children's and infants' footwear and athletic footwear with leather or vinyl 

uppers, regardless of sole material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear 

Manufacturing. 

316212 House Slipper Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing house slippers and 

slipper socks, regardless of material. 

316213 Men's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's footwear 

designed primarily for dress, street, and work. This industry includes men's shoes with rubber or plastics 

soles and leather or vinyl uppers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing men's footwear with fabric uppers and rubber or plastics soles--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 316211, Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical 

Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing men's leather or vinyl upper athletic footwear and youths' and boys' footwear--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear Manufacturing. 

316214 Women's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's footwear 

designed for dress, street, and work. This industry includes women's shoes with rubber or plastics soles 

and leather or vinyl uppers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing women's footwear with fabric uppers and rubber or plastics soles and rubber or 

plastics sandals--are classified in U.S. Industry 316211, Rubber and Plastics Footwear 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical 

Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing women's leather or vinyl upper athletic footwear and youths' and girls' footwear--

are classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear Manufacturing. 

316219 Other Footwear Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing other footwear (except 

rubber and plastics footwear; house slippers; men's footwear (except athletic); and women's footwear 

(except athletic)). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Athletic shoes (except rubber-soled, fabric upper) manufacturing 

Cleated athletic shoes manufacturing 

Ballet slippers manufacturing 

Infants' shoes (except plastics and rubber footwear) manufacturing 

Children's shoes (except plastics and rubber footwear and orthopedic extension shoes) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing rubber and plastics footwear with fabric uppers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

316211, Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing house slippers--are classified in U.S. Industry 316212, House Slipper 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing men's footwear (except athletic)--are classified in U.S. Industry 316213, Men's 

Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear--are classified in Industry 339113, Surgical 

Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing women's footwear (except athletic)--are classified in U.S. Industry 316214, 

Women's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing. 

3169 Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing 

31699 Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing leather products (except 

footwear and apparel) from purchased leather or leather substitutes (e.g., fabric, plastics). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Billfolds, all materials, manufacturing 

Shoe soles, leather, manufacturing 

Boot and shoe cut stock and findings, leather, manufacturing 

Toilet kits and cases (except metal) manufacturing 

Dog furnishings (e.g., collars, leashes, harnesses, muzzles), manufacturing 

Watchbands (except metal) manufacturing 

Luggage, all materials, manufacturing 

Welders' jackets, leggings, and sleeves, leather, manufacturing 

Purses, women's, all materials (except metal), manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing leather apparel--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing leather gloves, mittens, belts, and apparel accessories--are classified in Industry 

31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing footwear--are classified in Industry 31621, Footwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonleather soles--are classified elsewhere based on the primary input material; 

 Manufacturing small articles made of metal carried on or about the person made of metal--are 

classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing leather gaskets--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Manufacturing. 

316991 Luggage Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing luggage of any material. 

316992 Women's Handbag and Purse Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's handbags and 

purses of any material (except precious metal). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing precious metal handbags and purses are classified in 

U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing. 

316993 Personal Leather Good (except Women's Handbag and Purse) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing personal leather goods 

(i.e., small articles of any material (except metal) normally carried on or about the person or in a handbag). 

Examples of personal leather goods made by these establishments are billfolds, coin purses, key cases, 

toilet kits, and watchbands (except metal). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing personal goods of precious metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry 

(except Costume) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing personal goods of metal (except precious)--are classified in U.S. Industry 339914, 

Costume Jewelry and Novelty Manufacturing. 

316999 All Other Leather Good and Allied Product Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing leather goods (except 

footwear, luggage, handbags, purses, and personal leather goods). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Boot and shoe cut stock and findings, leather, manufacturing 

Shoe soles, leather, manufacturing 

Dog furnishings (e.g., collars, leashes, harnesses, muzzles) manufacturing 

Welders' jackets, leggings, and sleeves, leather, manufacturing 

Leather belting for machinery (e.g., flat, solid, twisted, built-up) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing leather gloves or mittens--are classified in U.S. Industry 315992, Glove and Mitten 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing leather apparel belts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315999, Other Apparel 

Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing footwear--are classified in Industry 31621, Footwear Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing luggage of any material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316991, Luggage 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing handbags and purses--are classified in U.S. Industry 316992, Women's Handbag 

and Purse Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing personal leather goods, such as wallets and key cases, of all materials (except 

metal)--are classified in U.S. Industry 316993, Personal Leather Good (except Women's Handbag 

and Purse) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonleather soles--are classified elsewhere based on the primary input material; 

 Manufacturing leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing leather gaskets--are classified in U.S. Industry 339991, Gasket, Packing, and 

Sealing Device Manufacturing. 

321 Wood Product Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Wood Product Manufacturing subsector manufacture wood products, such as lumber, 

plywood, veneers, wood containers, wood flooring, wood trusses, manufactured homes (i.e., mobile 

homes), and prefabricated wood buildings. The production processes of the Wood Product Manufacturing 

subsector include sawing, planing, shaping, laminating, and assembling of wood products starting from 

logs that are cut into bolts, or lumber that then may be further cut, or shaped by lathes or other shaping 

tools. The lumber or other transformed wood shapes may also be subsequently planed or smoothed, and 

assembled into finished products, such as wood containers. The Wood Product Manufacturing subsector 

includes establishments that make wood products from logs and bolts that are sawed and shaped, and 

establishments that purchase sawed lumber and make wood products. With the exception of sawmills and 

wood preservation establishments, the establishments are grouped into industries mainly based on the 

specific products manufactured. 

3211 Sawmills and Wood Preservation 

 This industry group comprises establishments whose primary production process begins with logs or 

bolts that are transformed into boards, dimension lumber, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, 

siding, and wood chips. Establishments that cut and treat round wood and/or treat wood products made in 

other establishments to prevent rotting by impregnation with creosote or other chemical compounds are 

also included in this industry group. 

32111 Sawmills and Wood Preservation 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) sawing 

dimension lumber, boards, beams, timber, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips from logs or 

bolts; (2) sawing round wood poles, pilings, and posts and treating them with preservatives; and (3) treating 

wood sawed, planed, or shaped in other establishments with creosote or other preservatives to prevent 

decay and to protect against fire and insects. Sawmills may plane the rough lumber that they make with a 

planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of size. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating portable chipper mills in the field--are classified in Industry 11331, Logging; 

 Manufacturing wood products (except round wood poles, pilings, and posts) and treating them 

with preservatives--are classified elsewhere in Subsector 321, Wood Product Manufacturing, 

based on the related production process; 

 Manufacturing veneer from logs and bolts or manufacturing engineered lumber and structural 

members other than solid wood--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, Plywood, and 

Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; and 

 Planing purchased lumber or manufacturing cut stock or dimension stock (i.e., shapes) from logs 

or bolts--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork. 

321113 Sawmills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in sawing dimension lumber, boards, 

beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips from logs or bolts. Sawmills may 

plane the rough lumber that they make with a planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of 

size. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Planing purchased lumber or manufacturing cut stock or dimension stock (i.e., shapes) from logs 

or bolts--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; 

 Manufacturing veneer from logs or bolts--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, Plywood, and 

Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; and 

 Operating portable chipper mills in the field--are classified in U.S. Industry 113310, Logging. 

321114 Wood Preservation CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) treating wood sawed, planed, or 

shaped in other establishments with creosote or other preservatives, such as alkaline copper quat, copper 

azole, and sodium borates, to prevent decay and to protect against fire and insects and/or (2) sawing round 

wood poles, pilings, and posts and treating them with preservatives. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except round wood poles, pilings, 

and posts) and treating them with preservatives are classified elsewhere in Subsector 321, Wood Product 

Manufacturing, based on the related production process. 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing 

 

32121 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing veneer and/or plywood; (2) manufacturing engineered wood members; and (3) 

manufacturing reconstituted wood products. This industry includes manufacturing plywood from veneer 
made in the same establishment or from veneer made in other establishments, and manufacturing plywood 

faced with nonwood materials, such as plastics or metal. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fabricated structural wood members manufacturing 

Plywood manufacturing 

Laminated structural wood members manufacturing 

Reconstituted wood sheets and boards manufacturing 

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) manufacturing 

Roof trusses, wood, manufacturing 

Oriented strandboard (OSB) manufacturing 

Veneer mills 

Particleboard manufacturing 

Waferboard manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing veneer and further processing that veneer into wood containers or wood container 

parts in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 32192, Wood Container and Pallet 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings or wood sections, and panels for buildings--are 

classified in Industry 32199, All Other Wood Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing solid wood structural members, such as dimension lumber and timber from logs or 

bolts in sawmills--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood Preservation. 

321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing hardwood veneer and/or 

hardwood plywood. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing veneer and further processing that veneer into wood containers or wood container 

parts--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing softwood veneer and softwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321212, 

Softwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing reconstituted wood sheets and boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 321219, 

Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing. 

321212 Softwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing softwood veneer and/or 

softwood plywood. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing veneer and further processing that veneer into wood containers or wood container 

parts--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing hardwood veneer and hardwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321211, 

Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing reconstituted wood sheets and boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 321219, 

Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing. 

321213 Engineered Wood Member (except Truss) Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated or laminated 

wood arches and/or other fabricated or laminated wood structural members. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Finger joint lumber manufacturing 

Parallel strand lumber manufacturing 

I-joists, wood, fabricating 

Timbers, structural, glue laminated or pre-engineered wood, manufacturing 

Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings, or wood sections, and panels for buildings--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 321992, Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wood trusses--are classified in U.S. Industry 321214, Truss Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing solid wood structural members, such as dimension lumber and timber from logs or 

bolts--are classified in U.S. Industry 321113, Sawmills. 

321214 Truss Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing laminated or fabricated 

wood roof and floor trusses. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood I-joists are classified in U.S. Industry 321213, 

Engineered Wood Member (except Truss) Manufacturing. 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing reconstituted wood 

sheets and boards. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) manufacturing 

Reconstituted wood sheets and boards manufacturing 

Oriented strandboard (OSB) manufacturing 

Waferboard manufacturing 

Particleboard manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing softwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321212, Softwood Veneer and 

Plywood Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing hardwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321211, Hardwood Veneer and 

Plywood Manufacturing. 

3219 Other Wood Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except 

establishments operating sawmills and wood preservation facilities; and establishments manufacturing 

veneer, plywood, or engineered wood products). 
32191 Millwork 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing hardwood and softwood cut 

stock and dimension stock (i.e., shapes); wood windows and wood doors; and other millwork including 

wood flooring. Dimension stock or cut stock is defined as lumber and worked wood products cut or shaped 

to specialized sizes. These establishments generally use woodworking machinery, such as jointers, planers, 

lathes, and routers to shape wood. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing dimension lumber, boards, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and 

wood chips from logs and bolts--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood 

Preservation; 

 Fabricating millwork at the construction site--are classified in Industry 23835, Finish Carpentry 

Contractors; and 

 Manufacturing wood furniture frames and finished wood furniture parts--are classified in Industry 

33721, Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing. 

321911 Wood Window and Door Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing window and door units, 

sash, window and door frames, and doors from wood or wood clad with metal or plastics. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in fabricating wood windows or wood doors at the construction site are 

classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors. 

321912 Cut Stock, Resawing Lumber, and Planing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing dimension lumber from purchased lumber; (2) manufacturing dimension stock (i.e., shapes) 

or cut stock; (3) resawing the output of sawmills; and (4) planing purchased lumber. These establishments 

generally use woodworking machinery, such as jointers, planers, lathes, and routers to shape wood. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing dimension lumber, boards, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and 

wood chips from logs or bolts--are classified in U.S. Industry 321113, Sawmills; 

 Manufacturing wood stairwork, wood molding, wood trim, and other millwork--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 321918, Other Millwork (including Flooring); and 

 Manufacturing wood furniture frames and finished wood furniture parts--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 337215, Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing. 

321918 Other Millwork (including Flooring) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing millwork (except wood 

windows, wood doors, and cut stock). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Clear and finger joint wood moldings manufacturing 

Stairwork (e.g., newel posts, railings, stairs, staircases), wood, manufacturing 

Decorative wood moldings (e.g., base, chair rail, crown, shoe) manufacturing 

Wood flooring manufacturing 
Ornamental woodwork (e.g., cornices, mantel) manufacturing 

Wood shutters manufacturing 

Planing mills, millwork 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing wood windows and doors--are classified in U.S. Industry 321911, Wood Window 

and Door Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cut stock, resawing lumber, and/or planing purchased lumber--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 321912, Cut Stock, Resawing Lumber, and Planing. 

32192 Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 321920 below. 

321920 Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood pallets, wood box 

shook, wood boxes, other wood containers, and wood parts for pallets and containers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood burial caskets are classified in U.S. Industry 

339995, Burial Casket Manufacturing. 

32199 All Other Wood Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except 

establishments operating sawmills and wood preservation facilities; and establishments manufacturing 

veneer, plywood, engineered wood products, millwork, wood containers, or pallets). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Mobile home manufacturing 

Sections, prefabricated wood building, manufacturing 

Panels, prefabricated wood building, manufacturing 

Wood dowels manufacturing 

Prefabricated wood buildings 

Wood handles (e.g., broom, handtool, mop), manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating sawmills or preserving wood--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood 

Preservation; 

 Manufacturing veneer, plywood, and engineered wood products--are classified in Industry 32121, 

Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing millwork--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; 

 Manufacturing wood containers, pallets, and wood container parts--are classified in Industry 

32192, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing travel trailers with self-contained facilities for storage of water and waste--are 

classified in Industry 33621, Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing; and 

 Fabricating of wood buildings or wood sections and panels for buildings at the construction site--

are classified in Sector 23, Construction. 

321991 Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in making manufactured homes (i.e., 

mobile homes) and nonresidential mobile buildings. Manufactured homes are designed to accept 

permanent water, sewer, and utility connections and although equipped with wheels, they are not intended 

for regular highway movement. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings not equipped with wheels--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 321992, Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing travel trailers with self-contained facilities for storage of water and waste--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 336214, Travel Trailer and Camper Manufacturing. 

321992 Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing prefabricated wood 

buildings and wood sections and panels for prefabricated wood buildings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Fabricating wood buildings or wood sections and panels for buildings at the construction site--are 

classified in Sector 23, Construction; and 

 Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 321991, 

Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing. 

321999 All Other Miscellaneous Wood Product Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except 

establishments operating sawmills and preservation facilities; establishments manufacturing veneer, 

engineered wood products, millwork, wood containers, pallets, and wood container parts; and 

establishments making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) and prefabricated buildings and 

components). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cork products (except gaskets) manufacturing 

Wood handles (e.g., broom, handtool, mop), manufacturing 

Kiln drying lumber 

Wood kitchenware manufacturing 

Shoe trees manufacturing 

Wood stepladders manufacturing 

Wood dowels manufacturing 

Wood toilet seats manufacturing 

Wood extension ladders manufacturing 

Wood toothpicks manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating sawmills and preserving wood--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood 

Preservation; 

 Manufacturing veneer and engineered wood products--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, 

Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing millwork--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; 

 Manufacturing boxes, box shook, wood containers, pallets, and wood parts for containers--are 

classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; 
 Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 321991, 

Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings or wood sections and panels for buildings--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 321992, Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing. 

322 Paper Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Paper Manufacturing subsector make pulp, paper, or converted paper products. The 

manufacturing of these products is grouped together because they constitute a series of vertically connected 

processes. More than one is often carried out in a single establishment. There are essentially three 

activities. The manufacturing of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibers from other impurities in 

wood or used paper. The manufacturing of paper involves matting these fibers into a sheet. Converted 

paper products are made from paper and other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques and 

includes coating and laminating activities. 

 The Paper Manufacturing subsector is subdivided into two industry groups, the first for the 

manufacturing of pulp and paper and the second for the manufacturing of converted paper products. Paper 

making is treated as the core activity of the subsector. Therefore, any establishment that makes paper 

(including paperboard), either alone or in combination with pulp manufacturing or paper converting, is 

classified as a paper or paperboard mill. Establishments that make pulp without making paper are 

classified as pulp mills. Pulp mills, paper mills and paperboard mills comprise the first industry group. 

 Establishments that make products from purchased paper and other materials make up the second 

industry group, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing. This general activity is then subdivided based, 

for the most part, on process distinctions. Paperboard container manufacturing uses corrugating, cutting, 

and shaping machinery to form paperboard into containers. Paper bag and coated and treated paper 

manufacturing establishments cut and coat paper and foil. Stationery product manufacturing 

establishments make a variety of paper products used for writing, filing, and similar applications. Other 

converted paper product manufacturing includes, in particular, the conversion of sanitary paper stock into 

such things as tissue paper and disposable diapers. 

 An important process used in the Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing industry is 

lamination, often combined with coating. Lamination and coating makes a composite material with 

improved properties of strength, impermeability, and so on. The laminated materials may be paper, metal 

foil, or plastics film. While paper is often one of the components, it is not always. Lamination of plastics 

film to plastics film is classified in the NAICS Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing, 

because establishments that do this often first make the film. The same situation holds with respect to bags. 

The manufacturing of bags from plastics only, whether or not laminated, is classified in Subsector 326, 

Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing, but all other bag manufacturing is classified in this subsector. 

 Excluded from this subsector are photosensitive papers. These papers are chemically treated and are 

classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

3221 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp, paper, or 

paperboard. 

32211 Pulp Mills 

 See industry description for 322110 below. 

322110 Pulp Mills MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp without manufacturing 

paper or paperboard. The pulp is made by separating the cellulose fibers from the other impurities in wood 

or other materials, such as used or recycled rags, linters, scrap paper, and straw. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing both pulp and paper--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; and 
 Manufacturing both pulp and paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills. 

32212 Paper Mills 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper from pulp. These 

establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the establishments may convert the paper 

they make. The activity of making paper classifies an establishment into this industry regardless of the 

output. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 32211, Pulp Mills; 

 Manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 32213, Paperboard Mills; 

 Converting paper without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted 

Paper Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

322121 Paper (except Newsprint) Mills CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper (except newsprint 

and uncoated groundwood paper) from pulp. These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In 

addition, the establishments may also convert the paper they make. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing newsprint and uncoated groundwood paper--are classified in U.S. Industry 322122, 

Newsprint Mills; 

 Converting paper without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted 

Paper Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; 

 Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills; 

and 

 Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper from purchased paper--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. 

322122 Newsprint Mills CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing newsprint and uncoated 

groundwood paper from pulp. These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the 

establishments may also convert the paper they make. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing paper (except newsprint and uncoated groundwood)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

322121, Paper (except Newsprint) Mills; 

 Converting paper without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted 

Paper Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; and 

 Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills. 

32213 Paperboard Mills 

 See industry description for 322130 below. 

322130 Paperboard Mills CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paperboard from pulp. 

These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the establishments may also convert 

the paperboard they make. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp 

Mills; 

 Converting paperboard without manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry Group 3222, 

Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing insulation board and other reconstituted wood fiberboard--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 321219, Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing. 

3222 Converted Paper Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper or paperboard 

without manufacturing paper or paperboard. 

32221 Paperboard Container Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard into containers 

without manufacturing paperboard. These establishments use corrugating, cutting, and shaping machinery 

to form paperboard into containers. Products made by these establishments include boxes, corrugated 

sheets, pads, pallets, paper dishes, and fiber drums, and reels. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing similar items of plastics materials--are classified in Industry Group 3261, Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers--are classified in Industry 

32213, Paperboard Mills; 

 Manufacturing egg cartons, food trays, and other food containers from molded pulp--are classified 

in Industry 32229, Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paper and converting paper into containers--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper 

Mills; and 

 Manufacturing paper bags without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper 

Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing. 

322211 Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating purchased paper or 

paperboard into corrugated or solid fiber boxes and related products, such as pads, partitions, pallets, and 

corrugated paper without manufacturing paperboard. These boxes are generally used for shipping. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing setup paperboard boxes (except corrugated or laminated solid fiber boxes)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 322213, Setup Paperboard Box Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing folding paperboard boxes (except corrugated or laminated solid fiber boxes)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 322212, Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into boxes--are classified in Industry 

322130, Paperboard Mills. 

322212 Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard (except 

corrugated) into folding paperboard boxes without manufacturing paper and paperboard. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing setup paperboard boxes (except corrugated)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

322213, Setup Paperboard Box Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing corrugated and solid fiber boxes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322211, 

Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers--are classified in Industry 

322130, Paperboard Mills; 

 Manufacturing paper and converting paper into containers--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper 

Mills; 

 Manufacturing milk cartons--are classified in U.S. Industry 322215, Nonfolding Sanitary Food 

Container Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing paper bags--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated 

Paper Manufacturing. 

322213 Setup Paperboard Box Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard into setup 

paperboard boxes (i.e., rigid-sided boxes not shipped flat) without manufacturing paperboard. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing folding paperboard boxes (except corrugated)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

322212, Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing corrugated and solid fiber boxes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322211, 

Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers--are classified in Industry 

322130, Paperboard Mills. 

322214 Fiber Can, Tube, Drum, and Similar Products Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard into fiber cans, 

tubes, drums, and similar products without manufacturing paperboard. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into 

containers are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills. 

322215 Nonfolding Sanitary Food Container Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting sanitary foodboard into 

food containers (except folding). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing sanitary food containers of solely plastics materials--are classified in Industry 

Group 3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing egg cartons, food trays, and other food containers from molded pulp--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing folding sanitary cartons--are classified in U.S. Industry 322212, Folding 

Paperboard Box Manufacturing. 

32222 Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) cutting 

and coating paper and paperboard; (2) cutting and laminating paper, paperboard, and other flexible 

materials (except plastics film to plastics film); (3) manufacturing bags, multiwall bags, sacks of paper, 

metal foil, coated paper, laminates, or coated combinations of paper and foil with plastics film; (4) 

manufacturing laminated aluminum and other converted metal foils from purchased foils; and (5) surface 

coating paper or paperboard. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing paper from pulp--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; 

 Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing textile bags--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and Canvas Mills; 

 Manufacturing single and multiwall plastics bags or plastics laminated bags--are classified in 

Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; 

 Making aluminum and aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum 

Production and Processing; and 

 Cutting purchased aluminum foil into smaller lengths and widths--are classified in Industry 33299, 

All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

322221 Coated and Laminated Packaging Paper Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing one or more of the 

following activities associated with the manufacture of paper packaging materials: (1) cutting and coating 

paper; and (2) cutting and laminating paper with other flexible packaging materials (except foil to paper 

laminates). The products manufactured by establishments in this industry are made from purchased sheet 

materials and may be printed in the same establishment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing coated or laminated paper for nonpackaging purposes--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics to plastics packaging laminations--are classified in U.S. Industry 326112, 

Plastics Packaging Film and Sheet (including Laminated) Manufacturing; 

 Printing on purchased packaging materials--are classified in Industry Group 3231, Printing and 

Related Support Activities, based on printing process used; 

 Manufacturing foil to paper packaging laminations or laminating aluminum foil for flexible 

packaging uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 322225, Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing 

for Flexible Packaging Uses; 

 Manufacturing unsupported plastic film--are classified in U.S. Industry 326113, Unsupported 

Plastics Film and Sheet (except Packaging) Manufacturing; 

 Making aluminum and aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum 

Production and Processing; 

 Cutting purchased aluminum foil into smaller lengths and widths--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing paper from pulp--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills. 

322222 Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing one or more of the 

following activities associated with making products designed for purposes other than packaging: (1) 

cutting and coating paper; (2) cutting and laminating paper and other flexible materials (except plastics film 

to plastics film); and (3) laminating aluminum and other metal foils for nonpackaging uses from purchased 

foils. The products made in this industry are made from purchased sheet materials and may be printed in 

the same establishment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Book paper made by coating purchased paper 

Tapes, pressure sensitive (e.g., cellophane, masking), made from purchased paper or other structures 

Gift wrap, laminated, made from purchased paper 

Wallpaper made from purchased paper or other materials 

Gummed paper products (e.g., labels sheets, tapes) made from purchased paper 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing coated and laminated paper for packaging uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 

322221, Coated and Laminated Packaging Paper Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, 

Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Making aluminum and aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum 

Production and Processing; 

 Cutting purchased aluminum foil into smaller lengths and widths--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing laminated aluminum foil for flexible packaging uses--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 322225, Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing for Flexible Packaging Uses. 

322223 Coated Paper Bag and Pouch Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing: (1) bags or pouches of 

coated paper; (2) bags or pouches of metal foil; and/or (3) bags or pouches of paper laminated with plastics 

and/or foil. The products manufactured by establishments in this industry are made from purchased roll 

stock and may be printed in the same establishment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing uncoated paper bags and multiwall bags and sacks--are classified in U.S. Industry 

322224, Uncoated Paper and Multiwall Bag Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing textile bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills; 

 Manufacturing single and multiwall plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics 

Bag and Pouch Manufacturing; and 

 Printing on purchased packaging materials--are classified in Industry Group 3231, Printing and 

Related Support Activities, based on printing process used. 

322224 Uncoated Paper and Multiwall Bag Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing uncoated paper bags or 

multiwall bags and sacks. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing single wall and multiwall bags from plastics unsupported film--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag and Pouch Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing bags of coated paper, of metal foil, or of laminated or coated combinations of 

plastics, foil, and paper bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, Coated Paper Bag and Pouch 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing textile bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills. 

322225 Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing for Flexible Packaging Uses US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating aluminum and other metal 

foil into products with flexible packaging uses or gift wrap and other packaging wrap applications. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plain aluminum foil--are classified in U.S. Industry 331315, Aluminum Sheet, 

Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laminated aluminum bags and liners--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, 

Coated Paper Bag and Pouch Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing converted aluminum and other metal foils for nonpackaging uses from purchased 

foils--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cookware, dinnerware, and other semirigid metal containers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

322226 Surface-Coated Paperboard Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating, lining, or surface coating 

purchased paperboard to make other paperboard products. 

32223 Stationery Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper or paperboard into 

products used for writing, filing, art work, and similar applications. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Die-cut paper products for office use made from purchased paper or paperboard 

Tablets (e.g., memo, note, writing) made from purchased paper 

Envelopes (i.e., mailing, stationery) made from any material 

Tapes (e.g., adding machines, calculator, cash register) made from purchased paper 

Stationery made from purchased paper 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing die-cut paper and paperboard products other than 

office supplies are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing. 

322231 Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard Office Supplies Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper rollstock or 

paperboard into die-cut paper or paperboard office supplies. For the purpose of this industry, office 

supplies are defined as office products, such as filing folders, index cards, rolls for adding machines, file 

separators and dividers, tabulating cards, and other paper and paperboard office supplies. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing die-cut paper and paperboard products (except office supplies)--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing paper and paperboard products used for writing and similar applications (e.g., 

looseleaf fillers, notebooks, pads, stationery, tablets)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322233, 

Stationery, Tablet, and Related Product Manufacturing. 

322232 Envelope Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing envelopes for mailing 

or stationery of any material including combinations. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing stationery are classified in U.S. Industry 322233, 

Stationery, Tablet, and Related Product Manufacturing. 

322233 Stationery, Tablet, and Related Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper and paperboard into 

products used for writing and similar applications (e.g., looseleaf fillers, notebooks, pads, stationery, 

tablets). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing envelopes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322232, Envelope Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing die-cut paper and paperboard office supplies--are classified in U.S. Industry 

322231, Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard Office Supplies Manufacturing. 

32229 Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) converting paper and paperboard into 

products (except containers, bags, coated and treated paper and paperboard, and stationery products), or (2) 

converting pulp into pulp products, such as disposable diapers, or molded pulp egg cartons, food trays, and 

dishes. Processes used include laminating or lining purchased paper or paperboard. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Crepe paper made from purchased paper 

Paper novelties made from purchased paper 

Die-cut paper products (except for office use) made from purchased paper or paperboard 

Sanitary products made from purchased sanitary paper stock 

Molded pulp products (e.g., egg cartons, food containers, food trays) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing pulp from wood or from other materials--are classified in Industry 32211, Pulp 

Mills; 

 Manufacturing paper from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paper--are classified in 

Industry 32212, Paper Mills; 

 Manufacturing paperboard from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paperboard--are 

classified in Industry 32213, Paperboard Mills; 

 Manufacturing paperboard containers--are classified in Industry 32221, Paperboard Container 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing bags of coated, laminated, or uncoated paper, of metal foil, or combinations 

thereof--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing; 

and 
 Manufacturing stationery and other related office supplies--are classified in Industry 32223, 

Stationery Product Manufacturing. 

322291 Sanitary Paper Product Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting purchased sanitary paper 

stock or wadding into sanitary paper products, such as facial tissues, handkerchiefs, table napkins, toilet 

paper, towels, disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, and tampons. 

322299 All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper or paperboard into 

products (except containers, bags, coated and treated paper, stationery products, and sanitary paper 

products) or converting pulp into pulp products, such as egg cartons, food trays, and other food containers 

from molded pulp. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Crepe paper made from purchased paper 

Molded pulp products (e.g., egg cartons, food containers, food trays) manufacturing 

Die-cut paper products (except for office use) made from purchased paper or paperboard 

Paper novelties made from purchased paper 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing pulp from wood or from other materials--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp 

Mills; 

 Manufacturing paper from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paper--are classified in 

Industry 32212, Paper Mills; 

 Manufacturing paperboard from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paperboard--are 

classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; 

 Manufacturing paperboard containers--are classified in Industry 32221, Paperboard Container 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing bags of coated, laminated, or uncoated paper, of metal foil, or combinations 

thereof--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing; 

and 

 Manufacturing stationery and other related office supplies--are classified in Industry 32223, 

Stationery Product Manufacturing. 

323 Printing and Related Support Activities 

 Industries in the Printing and Related Support Activities subsector print products, such as newspapers, 

books, labels, business cards, stationery, business forms, and other materials, and perform support 

activities, such as data imaging, platemaking services, and bookbinding. The support activities included 

here are an integral part of the printing industry, and a product (a printing plate, a bound book, or a 

computer disk or file) that is an integral part of the printing industry is almost always provided by these 

operations. 

 Processes used in printing include a variety of methods used to transfer an image from a plate, screen, 

film, or computer file to some medium, such as paper, plastics, metal, textile articles, or wood. The most 

prominent of these methods is to transfer the image from a plate or screen to the medium (lithographic, 

gravure, screen, and flexographic printing). A rapidly growing new technology uses a computer file to 

directly "drive" the printing mechanism to create the image and new electrostatic and other types of 

equipment (digital or nonimpact printing). 

 In contrast to many other classification systems that locate publishing of printed materials in 

manufacturing, NAICS classifies the publishing of printed products in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries 
(except Internet). Though printing and publishing are often carried out by the same enterprise (a 

newspaper, for example), it is less and less the case that these distinct activities are carried out in the same 

establishment. When publishing and printing are done in the same establishment, the establishment is 

classified in Sector 51, Information, in the appropriate NAICS industry even if the receipts for printing 

exceed those for publishing. 

 This subsector includes printing on clothing because the production process for that activity is printing, 

not clothing manufacturing. For instance, the printing of T-shirts is included in this subsector. In contrast, 

printing on fabric (or grey goods) is not included. This activity is part of the process of finishing the fabric 

and is included in the NAICS Textile Mills subsector in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills. 

3231 Printing and Related Support Activities 

32311 Printing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing on apparel and textile products, 

paper, metal, glass, plastics, and other materials, except fabric (grey goods). The printing processes 

employed include, but are not limited to, lithographic, gravure, screen, flexographic, digital, and letterpress. 

Establishments in this industry do not manufacture the stock that they print, but may perform postprinting 

activities, such as folding, cutting, or laminating the materials they print, and mailing. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing photocopying service on nondigital photocopy equipment without performing 

traditional printing activities--are classified in Industry 56143, Business Service Centers; 

 Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; 

 Printing and publishing, known as publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet); and 

 Performing prepress or postpress services without performing traditional printing activities--are 

classified in Industry 32312, Support Activities for Printing. 

323110 Commercial Lithographic Printing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in lithographic (i.e., offset) printing 

without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes 

establishments engaged in lithographic printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, letterhead, 

invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Quick printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 323114, Quick Printing; 

 Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; 

 Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; 

 Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, 

Manifold Business Forms Printing; 

 Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 

322, Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Printing and publishing, known as publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet). 

323111 Commercial Gravure Printing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gravure printing without publishing 

(except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged 

in gravure printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, letterhead, invitations, labels, and 

similar items, on a job order basis. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; 

 Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; 

 Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, 

Manifold Business Forms Printing; 

 Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 

322, Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Printing and publishing, known as publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet). 

323112 Commercial Flexographic Printing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in flexographic printing without 

publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments 

engaged in flexographic printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and 

similar items, on a job order basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; 

 Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; 

 Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, 

Manifold Business Forms Printing; 

 Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified elsewhere in 

Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Printing and publishing, known as publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet). 

323113 Commercial Screen Printing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in screen printing without publishing 

(except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged 

in screen printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on 

a job order basis. Establishments primarily engaged in printing on apparel and textile products, such as Tshirts, caps, jackets, towels, and napkins, are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; 

 Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; 

 Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, 

Manifold Business Forms Printing; 

 Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 

322, Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Printing and publishing, known as publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet). 

323114 Quick Printing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in traditional printing activities, such as 

short-run offset printing or prepress services, in combination with providing document photocopying 

service. Prepress services include receiving documents in electronic format and directly duplicating from 

the electronic file and formatting, colorizing, and otherwise modifying the original document to improve 
presentation. These establishments, known as quick printers, generally provide short-run printing and 

copying with fast turnaround times. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing photocopying service on nondigital photocopy equipment without performing 

traditional printing activities--are classified in U.S. Industry 561439, Other Business Service 

Centers (including Copy Shops); 

 Printing with lithographic equipment known as commercial lithographic printers--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 323110, Commercial Lithographic Printing; and 

 Digital printing on graphical material--are classified in U.S. Industry 323115, Digital Printing. 

323115 Digital Printing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing graphical materials using 

digital printing equipment. Establishments known as digital printers typically provide sophisticated 

prepress services including using scanners to input images and computers to manipulate and format the 

graphic images prior to printing. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in printing with "up front" computer files on conventional-type 

printing equipment are classified to books, manifold business forms, or based on the type of printing 

equipment (e.g., lithographic, flexographic, screen) being used. 

323116 Manifold Business Forms Printing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing special forms, including 

checkbooks, for use in the operation of a business. The forms may be in single and multiple sets, including 

carbonized, interleaved with carbon, or otherwise processed for multiple reproduction. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing single layered continuous computer paper and similar 

products are classified in U.S. Industry 322231, Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard Office Supplies 

Manufacturing. 

323117 Books Printing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing or printing and binding books 

and pamphlets without publishing. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Printing and publishing, known as book publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet); and 

 Binding books without printing in the same establishment--are classified in U.S. Industry 323121, 

Tradebinding and Related Work. 

323118 Blankbook, Looseleaf Binders, and Devices Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing blankbooks, looseleaf 

devices, and binders. Establishments in this industry may print or print and bind. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Checkbook printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Forms Printing; 

and 

 Binding books without printing in the same establishment--are classified in U.S. Industry 323121, 

Tradebinding and Related Work. 

323119 Other Commercial Printing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in commercial printing (except 

lithographic, gravure, screen, or flexographic printing) without publishing (except books, grey goods, and 

manifold business forms). Printing processes included in this industry are letterpress printing and 

engraving printing. This industry includes establishments engaged in commercial printing on purchased 

stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Lithographic, gravure, screen, or flexographic printing on purchased stock materials (except 

books, grey goods, and manifold business forms)--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing, by 

printing process employed; 

 Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; 

 Quick printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 323114, Quick Printing; 

 Digital printing on graphical materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 323115, Digital Printing; 

 Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; 

 Printing manifold business forms, including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, 

Manifold Business Forms Printing; 

 Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 

322, Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Printing and publishing, known as book publishers--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet). 

32312 Support Activities for Printing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing prepress (e.g., platemaking, 

typesetting) and postpress services (e.g., book binding) in support of printing activities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Engraving of the type done on metal--are classified in Industry 33281, Coating, Engraving, Heat 

Treating, and Allied Activities; 

 Manufacturing photosensitive plates for printing--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing blank plates for printing--are classified in Industry 33329, Other Industrial 

Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Printing books or printing and binding books--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing. 

323121 Tradebinding and Related Work US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

tradebinding; (2) sample mounting; and (3) postpress services (e.g., book or paper bronzing, die-cutting, 

edging, embossing, folding, gilding, gluing, indexing). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in printing books or printing and binding books are classified in U.S. 

Industry 323117, Books Printing. 
323122 Prepress Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in prepress services, such as 

imagesetting or typesetting, for printers and (2) establishments primarily engaged in preparing film or 

plates for printing purposes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Engraving of the type done on metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 332812, Metal Coating, 

Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; 

 Manufacturing blank plates (except photosensitive plates) for printing--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333293, Printing Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing photosensitive plates for printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, 

Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing 

 The Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of crude 

petroleum and coal into usable products. The dominant process is petroleum refining that involves the 

separation of crude petroleum into component products through such techniques as cracking and 

distillation. 

 In addition, this subsector includes establishments that primarily further process refined petroleum and 

coal products and produce products, such as asphalt coatings and petroleum lubricating oils. However, 

establishments that manufacture petrochemicals from refined petroleum are classified in Industry 32511, 

Petrochemical Manufacturing. 

3241 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing 

32411 Petroleum Refineries 

 See industry description for 324110 below. 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in refining crude petroleum into refined 

petroleum. Petroleum refining involves one or more of the following activities: (1) fractionation; (2) 

straight distillation of crude oil; and (3) cracking. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing asphalt paving, roofing, and saturated materials from refined petroleum--are 

classified in Industry 32412, Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paper mats and felts and saturating them with asphalt or tar into rolls and sheets--

are classified in U.S. Industry 322121, Paper (except Newsprint) Mills; 

 Blending or compounding refined petroleum to make lubricating oils and greases and/or rerefining used petroleum lubricating oils--are classified in U.S. Industry 324191, Petroleum 

Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing synthetic lubricating oils and greases--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All 

Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Recovering natural gasoline and/or liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas field gases--are classified 

in Industry 21111, Oil and Gas Extraction; 

 Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., petrochemicals) from refined 

petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cyclic and acyclic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in Industry 

32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing coke oven products in steel mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and 

Steel Mills; and 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry, 

324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. 

32412 Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing asphalt and tar paving 

mixtures and blocks and roofing cements and coatings from purchased asphaltic materials and/or (2) 

saturating purchased mats and felts with asphalt or tar from purchased asphaltic materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining crude petroleum and manufacturing asphalt and tar paving, roofing, and saturated 

materials--are classified in Industry 32411, Petroleum Refineries; and 

 Manufacturing paper mats and felts and saturating them with asphalt or tar--are classified in 

Industry 32212, Paper Mills. 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing asphalt and tar paving 

mixtures and blocks from purchased asphaltic materials. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in refining crude petroleum and manufacturing asphalt and tar paving 

mixtures and blocks are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries. 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) saturating purchased mats and felts 

with asphalt or tar from purchased asphaltic materials and (2) manufacturing asphalt and tar and roofing 

cements and coatings from purchased asphaltic materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining crude petroleum and saturating purchased mats and felts with asphalt or tar into rolls and 

sheets and/or refining crude petroleum and manufacturing asphalt and tar roofing cements and 

coatings--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and 

 Manufacturing paper mats and felts and saturating them with asphalt or tar into rolls and sheets--

are classified in U.S. Industry 322121, Paper (except Newsprint) Mills. 

32419 Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing petroleum products (except 

asphalt paving, roofing and saturated materials) from refined petroleum or coal products made in coke 

ovens not integrated with a steel mill. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Coke oven products (e.g., coke, gases, tars) made in coke oven establishments 

Petroleum brake fluids made from refined petroleum 

Petroleum briquettes made from refined petroleum 

Petroleum jelly made from refined petroleum 

Petroleum lubricating oils and greases made from refined petroleum 
Petroleum waxes made from refined petroleum 

Re-refined used petroleum lubricating oils 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing petroleum products by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 32411, 

Petroleum Refineries; 

 Manufacturing asphalt and tar paving, roofing, and saturated materials from refined petroleum--

are classified in Industry 32412, Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in steel mills--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel 

Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., petrochemicals) from refined 

petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 32511, Petrochemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cyclic and acyclic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in 

Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing synthetic lubricating oils and greases--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in blending or compounding refined 

petroleum to make lubricating oils and greases and/or re-refining used petroleum lubricating oils. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining crude petroleum and manufacturing lubricating oils and greases--are classified in 

Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and 

 Manufacturing synthetic lubricating oils and greases--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All 

Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing petroleum products 

(except asphalt paving, roofing, and saturated materials and lubricating oils and greases) from refined 

petroleum and coal products made in coke ovens not integrated with a steel mill. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Coke oven products (e.g., coke, gases, tars) made in coke oven establishments 

Petroleum briquettes made from refined petroleum 

Petroleum jelly made from refined petroleum 

Petroleum waxes made from refined petroleum 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing petroleum products by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, 

Petroleum Refineries; 

 Manufacturing asphalt paving and roofing materials from refined petroleum--are classified in 

Industry 32412, Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing; 

 Blending and compounding petroleum lubricating oils and greases and/or re-refining used 

petroleum lubrication oils and greases--are classified in U.S. Industry 324191, Petroleum 

Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coke oven products in steel mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and 

Steel Mills; 
 Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., petrochemicals) from refined 

petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cyclic and acyclic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in 

Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. 

325 Chemical Manufacturing 

 The Chemical Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of organic and inorganic raw 

materials by a chemical process and the formulation of products. This subsector distinguishes the 

production of basic chemicals that comprise the first industry group from the production of intermediate 

and end products produced by further processing of basic chemicals that make up the remaining industry 

groups. 

 This subsector does not include all industries transforming raw materials by a chemical process. It is 

common for some chemical processing to occur during mining operations. These beneficiating operations, 

such as copper concentrating, are classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction. 

Furthermore, the refining of crude petroleum is included in Subsector 324, Petroleum and Coal Products 

Manufacturing. In addition, the manufacturing of aluminum oxide is included in Subsector 331, Primary 

Metal Manufacturing; and beverage distilleries are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco 

Product Manufacturing. As in the case of these two activities, the grouping of industries into subsectors 

may take into account the association of the activities performed with other activities in the subsector. 

3251 Basic Chemical Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemicals using basic 

processes, such as thermal cracking and distillation. Chemicals manufactured in this industry group are 

usually separate chemical elements or separate chemically-defined compounds. 

32511 Petrochemical Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325110 below. 

325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing acyclic (i.e., aliphatic) 

hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, and butylene made from refined petroleum or liquid 

hydrocarbons and/or (2) manufacturing cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, styrene, 

xylene, ethyl benzene, and cumene made from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, 

Petroleum Refineries; 

 Manufacturing acetylene--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing basic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in Industry 32519, 

Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Recovering liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas field gases--are classified in Industry 21111, Oil 

and Gas Extraction. 

32512 Industrial Gas Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325120 below. 

325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial organic and 

inorganic gases in compressed, liquid, and solid forms. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing chlorine gas--are classified in U.S. Industry 325181, Alkalies and Chlorine 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing ethane and butane gases made from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are 

classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing. 

32513 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic organic and 

inorganic dyes and pigments, such as lakes and toners (except electrostatic and photographic). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing wood byproducts used as dying materials--are classified in Industry 32519, Other 

Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carbon, bone, and lamp black--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic 

Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electrostatic and photographic toners--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 31193, Flavoring Syrup and 

Concentrate Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses--are classified in Industry 32519, Other 

Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. 

325131 Inorganic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing inorganic dyes and 

pigments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing wood byproducts used as dyeing materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, 

Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing organic synthetic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325132, 

Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carbon, bone, and lamp black--are classified in U.S. Industry 325182, Carbon 

Black Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and 

Concentrate Manufacturing. 

325132 Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic organic dyes 

and pigments, such as lakes and toners (except electrostatic and photographic). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing wood byproducts used as dyeing materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, 

Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325131, Inorganic 

Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electrostatic and photographic toners--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, 

Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and 

Concentrate Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses (except wood byproducts)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. 

32518 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic inorganic chemicals 

(except industrial gases and synthetic dyes and pigments). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alkalies manufacturing 

Hydrochloric acid manufacturing 

Aluminum compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Potassium inorganic compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Carbides (e.g., baron, calcium, silium, tungsten) manufacturing 

Radioactive isotopes manufacturing 

Carbon black manufacturing 

Sulfides and sulfites manufacturing 

Chlorine manufacturing 

Sulfuric acid manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing industrial gases--are classified in Industry 32512, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments--are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic Dye and 

Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household bleaches--are classified in Industry 32561, Soap and Cleaning 

Compound Manufacturing; 

 Mining and/or beneficiating alkalies--are classified in Industry 21239, Other Nonmetallic Mineral 

Mining and Quarrying; 

 Manufacturing chlorine preparations (e.g., for swimming pools)--are classified in Industry 32599, 

All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nitrogenous and phosphoric fertilizers and fertilizer materials--are classified in 

Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aluminum oxide (alumina)--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and 

Aluminum Production and Processing; 

 Manufacturing inorganic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal and pesticidal preparations--are 

classified in Industry 32532, Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing photographic chemicals--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical 

Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

325181 Alkalies and Chlorine Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chlorine, sodium 

hydroxide (i.e., caustic soda), and other alkalies often using an electrolysis process. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining and beneficiating alkalies--are classified in U.S. Industry 212391, Potash, Soda, and 

Borate Mineral Mining; 

 Manufacturing chlorine preparations (e.g., for swimming pools)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing industrial bleaches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other Basic 

Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing household bleaches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325612, Polish and Other 

Sanitation Good Manufacturing. 

325182 Carbon Black Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing carbon black, bone 

black, and lamp black. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pigments are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic 

Dye and Pigment Manufacturing. 

325188 All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic inorganic 

chemicals (except industrial gases, inorganic dyes and pigments, alkalies and chlorine, and carbon black). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aluminum compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Potassium inorganic compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Carbides (e.g., baron, calcium, silicon, tungsten) manufacturing 

Sodium inorganic compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Fluorine manufacturing 

Sulfides and sulfites manufacturing 

Hydrochloric acid manufacturing 

Sulfuric acid manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing industrial gases--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325131, Inorganic 

Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing alkalies and chlorine--are classified in U.S. Industry 325181, Alkalies and Chlorine 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carbon black--are classified in U.S. Industry 325182, Carbon Black 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household bleaches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325612, Polish and Other 

Sanitation Good Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nitrogenous and phosphoric fertilizers and fertilizer material--are classified in 

Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aluminum oxide (i.e., alumina)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331311, Alumina 

Refining; 

 Manufacturing inorganic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal, and pesticidal preparations--are 

classified in Industry 325320, Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing photographic chemicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic 

Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. 

32519 Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic organic chemicals 

(except petrochemicals, industrial gases, and synthetic dyes and pigments). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Carbon organic compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Organo-inorganic compound manufacturing 

Cyclic intermediates made from refined petroleum or natural gas 

Plasticizers (i.e., basic synthetic chemical) manufacturing 

Enzyme proteins (i.e., basic synthetic chemicals) (except pharmaceutical use) manufacturing 

Silicone (except resins) manufacturing 

Fatty acids (e.g., margaric, oleic, stearic) manufacturing 

Synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents) manufacturing 

Gum and wood chemicals manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing petrochemicals from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in 

Industry 32511, Petrochemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 32411, 

Petroleum Refineries; 

 Manufacturing organic industrial gases--are classified in Industry 32512, Industrial Gas 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing synthetic organic dyes and pigments--are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic 

Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing natural glycerin--are classified in Industry 32561, Soap and Cleaning Compound 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing activated charcoal--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product 

and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing organic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal, and pesticidal preparations--are 

classified in Industry 32532, Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing elastomers--are classified in Industry 32521, Resin and Synthetic Rubber 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing urea--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coal tar crudes in integrated steel mills with coke ovens--are classified in Industry 

33111, Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coal tar crudes in coke ovens not integrated with steel mills and fuel briquettes 

from refined petroleum--are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing 

Manufacturing. 

325191 Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) distilling wood or gum into 

products, such as tall oil and wood distillates, and (2) manufacturing wood or gum chemicals, such as naval 

stores, natural tanning materials, charcoal briquettes, and charcoal (except activated). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing activated charcoal--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fuel briquettes from refined petroleum--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All 

Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. 

325192 Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) distilling coal tars and/or (2) 

manufacturing cyclic crudes or cyclic intermediates (i.e., hydrocarbons, except aromatic petrochemicals) 

from refined petroleum or natural gas. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cyclic chemicals (except aromatic and intermediates)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals from refined petroleum or natural gas--are classified in 

Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 

324110, Petroleum Refineries; 

 Distilling wood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, Gum and Wood Chemical 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coal tar crudes in steel mills with coke ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and 

 Manufacturing coal tar crudes in coke oven establishments and fuel briquettes from refined 

petroleum--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products 

Manufacturing. 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonpotable ethyl 

alcohol. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Distilling liquors (except brandy)--are classified in Industry 312140, Distilleries; and 

 Manufacturing brandies--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries. 

325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic organic chemical 

products (except aromatic petrochemicals, industrial gases, synthetic organic dyes and pigments, gum and 

wood chemicals, cyclic crudes and intermediates, and ethyl alcohol). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Calcium organic compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Organo-inorganic compound manufacturing 

Carbon organic compounds, not specified elsewhere by process, manufacturing 

Plasticizers (i.e., basic synthetic chemical) manufacturing 

Enzyme proteins (i.e., basic synthetic chemicals) (except pharmaceutical use) manufacturing 

Silicone (except resins) manufacturing 

Fatty acids (e.g., margaric, oleic, stearic) manufacturing 

Synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals from refined petroleum or natural gas--are classified in 

Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 

324110, Petroleum Refineries; 

 Manufacturing organic industrial gases--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas 

Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing synthetic organic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325132, 

Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ethyl alcohol--are classified in U.S. Industry 325193, Ethyl Alcohol 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing organic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal, and pesticidal preparations--are 

classified in Industry 325320, Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing elastomers--are classified in Industry 32521, Resin and Synthetic Rubber 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing urea--are classified in U.S. Industry 325311, Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing natural glycerin--are classified in U.S. Industry 325611, Soap and Other Detergent 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract 

Manufacturing. 

3252 Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing 

32521 Resin and Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing synthetic resins, plastics materials, and nonvulcanizable elastomers and mixing and blending 

resins on a custom basis; (2) manufacturing noncustomized synthetic resins; and (3) manufacturing 

synthetic rubber. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics resins and converting resins into plastics products--are classified in 

Industry Group 3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Processing natural, synthetic, or reclaimed rubber into intermediate or final products--are 

classified in Industry Group 3262, Rubber Product Manufacturing; 

 Custom compounding resins made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing resin adhesives--are classified in Industry 32552, Adhesive Manufacturing. 

325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing resins, plastics 

materials, and nonvulcanizable thermoplastic elastomers and mixing and blending resins on a custom basis 

and/or (2) manufacturing noncustomized synthetic resins. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics resins and converting the resins into plastics products--are classified in 

3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Custom compounding resins made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 325991, Custom 

Compounding of Purchased Resins; and 

 Manufacturing plastics adhesives--are classified in Industry 325520, Adhesive Manufacturing. 

325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry consists of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic rubber. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Processing natural, synthetic, or reclaimed rubber into intermediate or final products (except 

adhesives)--are classified in Industry Group 3262, Rubber Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing rubber adhesives--are classified in Industry 325520, Adhesive Manufacturing. 

32522 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing cellulosic (i.e., rayon and 

acetate) and noncellulosic (i.e., nylon, polyolefin, and polyester) fibers and filaments in the form of 

monofilament, filament yarn, staple, or tow or (2) manufacturing and texturing cellulosic and noncellulosic 

fibers and filaments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Texturizing cellulosic and noncellulosic fiber and filament made elsewhere--are classified in 

Industry 31311, Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; and 

 Manufacturing textile glass fibers--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product 

Manufacturing. 

325221 Cellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing cellulosic (i.e., 

rayon and acetate) fibers and filaments in the form of monofilament, filament yarn, staple, or tow or (2) 

manufacturing and texturizing cellulosic fibers and filaments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Texturizing cellulosic fibers and filaments made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 

313112, Yarn Texturizing, Throwing, and Twisting Mills; and 

 Manufacturing noncellulosic fibers and filaments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325222, 

Noncellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing. 

325222 Noncellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry consists of establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing noncellulosic (i.e., 

nylon, polyolefin, and polyester) fibers and filaments in the form of monofilament, filament yarn, staple, or 

tow, or (2) manufacturing and texturizing noncellulosic fibers and filaments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Texturizing noncellulosic fibers--are classified in U.S. Industry 313112, Yarn Texturizing, 

Throwing, and Twisting Mills; 

 Manufacturing cellulose fibers--are classified in U.S. Industry 325221, Cellulosic Organic Fiber 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing textile glass fibers--are classified in U.S. Industry 327212, Other Pressed and 

Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing. 

3253 Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing 

32531 Fertilizer Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing nitrogenous or phosphatic fertilizer materials; (2) manufacturing fertilizers from sewage or 

animal waste; (3) manufacturing nitrogenous or phosphatic materials and mixing with other ingredients into 

fertilizers; and (4) mixing ingredients made elsewhere into fertilizers. 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing nitrogenous fertilizer materials and mixing ingredients into fertilizers; (2) manufacturing 

fertilizers from sewage or animal waste; and (3) manufacturing nitrogenous materials and mixing them into 

fertilizers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in mixing ingredients made elsewhere into nitrogenous fertilizers are 

classified in U.S. Industry 325314, Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing. 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing phosphatic fertilizer 

materials or (2) manufacturing phosphatic materials and mixing them into fertilizers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in mixing ingredients made elsewhere into phosphatic fertilizers are 

classified in U.S. Industry 325314, Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing. 

325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in mixing ingredients made elsewhere 

into fertilizers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nitrogenous fertilizer materials or fertilizer materials from sewage or animal waste 

and mixing these ingredients into nitrogenous fertilizers--are classified in U.S. Industry 325311, 

Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing phosphatic fertilizer materials and mixing ingredients into fertilizers--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 325312, Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing. 

32532 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325320 below. 

325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the formulation and preparation of 

agricultural and household pest control chemicals (except fertilizers). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing basic chemicals requiring further processing before use as agriculture chemicals--

are classified in Industry Group 3251, Basic Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fertilizers--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing agricultural lime products--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing. 

3254 Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing 

32541 Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing biological and medicinal products; (2) processing (i.e., grading, grinding, and milling) 

botanical drugs and herbs; (3) isolating active medicinal principals from botanical drugs and herbs; and (4) 
manufacturing pharmaceutical products intended for internal and external consumption in such forms as 

ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, solutions, and suspensions. 

325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing uncompounded 

medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., generally for use by pharmaceutical preparation 

manufacturers) and/or (2) grading, grinding, and milling uncompounded botanicals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing packaged compounded medicinals and botanicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 

325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin 

(except for diagnostic use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325414, Biological Product (except 

Diagnostic) Manufacturing. 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing in-vivo diagnostic 

substances and pharmaceutical preparations (except biological) intended for internal and external 

consumption in dose forms, such as ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, solutions, and 

suspensions. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 325411, Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing in-vitro diagnostic substances--are classified in U.S. Industry 325413, In-Vitro 

Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin 

(except for diagnostic use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325414, Biological Product (except 

Diagnostic) Manufacturing. 

325413 In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing in-vitro (i.e., not taken 

internally) diagnostic substances, such as chemical, biological, or radioactive substances. The substances 

are used for diagnostic tests that are performed in test tubes, petri dishes, machines, and other diagnostic 

test-type devices. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing in-vivo diagnostic substances are classified in U.S. 

Industry 325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing. 

325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood 

fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin (except diagnostic). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing in-vitro diagnostic substances--are classified in U.S. Industry 325413, In-Vitro 

Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing pharmaceutical preparations, (except biological and in-vivo diagnostic substances)-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing. 

3255 Paint, Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing 

32551 Paint and Coating Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325510 below. 

325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) mixing pigments, solvents, and binders 

into paints and other coatings, such as stains, varnishes, lacquers, enamels, shellacs, and water repellant 

coatings for concrete and masonry, and/or (2) manufacturing allied paint products, such as putties, paint 

and varnish removers, paint brush cleaners, and frit. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing creosote--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing caulking compounds and sealants--are classified in Industry 325520, Adhesive 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing artists' paints--are classified in U.S. Industry 339942, Lead Pencil and Art Good 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing turpentine--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, Gum and Wood Chemical 

Manufacturing. 

32552 Adhesive Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325520 below. 

325520 Adhesive Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing adhesives, glues, and 

caulking compounds. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing asphalt and tar roofing cements from purchased asphaltic materials--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 324122, Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing gypsum based caulking compounds--are classified in Industry 327420, Gypsum 

Product Manufacturing. 

3256 Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing 

32561 Soap and Cleaning Compound Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and packaging soap and 

other cleaning compounds, surface active agents, and textile and leather finishing agents used to reduce 

tension or speed the drying process. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing synthetic glycerin--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial bleaches--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic Inorganic 

Chemical Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing shampoos and shaving preparations--are classified in Industry 32562, Toilet 

Preparation Manufacturing. 

325611 Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and packaging soaps 

and other detergents, such as laundry detergents; dishwashing detergents; toothpaste gels, and tooth 

powders; and natural glycerin. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing synthetic glycerin--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic 

Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing shampoos and shaving preparations--are classified in Industry 325620, Toilet 

Preparation Manufacturing. 

325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and packaging polishes 

and specialty cleaning preparations. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chlorine dioxide (i.e., industrial bleaching agent) are 

classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing. 

325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing bulk surface active 

agents for use as wetting agents, emulsifiers, and penetrants, and/or (2) manufacturing textiles and leather 

finishing agents used to reduce tension or speed the drying process. 

32562 Toilet Preparation Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325620 below. 

325620 Toilet Preparation Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing, blending, compounding, and 

packaging toilet preparations, such as perfumes, shaving preparations, hair preparations, face creams, 

lotions (including sunscreens), and other cosmetic preparations. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing toothpaste are classified in U.S. Industry 325611, 

Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing. 

3259 Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemical products 

(except basic chemicals; resins, synthetic rubber, cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers and filaments; 

pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals; pharmaceuticals and medicines; paints, coatings, 

and adhesives; soaps and cleaning compounds; and toilet preparations). 

32591 Printing Ink Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325910 below. 
325910 Printing Ink Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing printing and inkjet inks and 

inkjet cartridges. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Recycling inkjet cartridges--are classified in U.S. Industry 811212, Computer and Office Machine 

Repair and Maintenance; 

 Manufacturing writing, drawing, and stamping ink--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All 

Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing toners and toner cartridges for photocopiers, fax machines, computer printers, and 

similar office machines--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, 

and Chemical Manufacturing. 

32592 Explosives Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 325920 below. 

325920 Explosives Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing explosives. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ammunition, ammunition detonators, and percussion caps--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 332992, Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing pyrotechnics--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

32599 All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemical products (except 

basic chemicals, resins, and synthetic rubber; cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers and filaments; pesticides, 

fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals; pharmaceuticals and medicines; paints, coatings, and 

adhesives; and soaps, cleaning compounds, and toilet preparations; printing inks; and explosives). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Activated carbon and charcoal manufacturing 

Photographic chemicals manufacturing 

Antifreeze preparations manufacturing 

Pyrotechnics (e.g., flares, flashlight bombs, signals) manufacturing 

Custom compounding (i.e., blending and mixing) of purchased plastics resins 

Sugar substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweeteners blended with other ingredients) made from purchased synthetic 

sweeteners 

Industrial salt manufacturing 

Swimming pool chemical preparations manufacturing 

Matches and matchbook manufacturing 

Writing inks and fluids manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing basic chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3251, Basic Chemical 

Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing resins, synthetic rubber, and artificial synthetic fibers and filaments--are classified 

in Industry Group 3252, Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals--are classified in Industry 

Group 3253, Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pharmaceuticals and medicine including medicinal vegetable gelatin (i.e., agaragar)--are classified in Industry Group 3254, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paints, coatings, and adhesives--are classified in Industry Group 3255, Paint, 

Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing soaps and cleaning compounds--are classified in Industry Group 3256, Soap, 

Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing printing and inkjet inks--are classified in Industry 32591, Printing Ink 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing explosives--are classified in Industry 32592, Explosives Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing photographic paper stock (i.e., unsensitized) and paper mats, mounts, easels, and 

folders for photographic use--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dessert gelatins--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; 

and 

 Manufacturing medicinal gelatins--are classified in Industry 32541, Pharmaceutical and Medicine 

Manufacturing. 

325991 Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) custom mixing and blending plastics 

resins made elsewhere or (2) reformulating plastics resins from recycled plastics products. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic resins and custom mixing and blending 

resins are classified in U.S. Industry 325211, Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing. 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sensitized film, 

sensitized paper, sensitized cloth, sensitized plates, toners (i.e., for photocopiers, laser printers, and similar 

electrostatic printing devices), toner cartridges, and photographic chemicals. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing photographic paper stock (i.e., unsensitized) and 

paper mats, mounts, easels, and folders for photographic use are classified in Subsector 322, Paper 

Manufacturing. 

325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemical products 

(except basic chemicals, resins, synthetic rubber; cellulosic and noncellulosic fiber and filaments; 

pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals; pharmaceuticals and medicines; paints, coatings and 

adhesives; soap, cleaning compounds, and toilet preparations; printing inks; explosives; custom 

compounding of purchased resins; and photographic films, papers, plates, and chemicals). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Activated carbon and charcoal manufacturing 

Pyrotechnics (e.g., flares, flashlight bombs, signals) manufacturing 
Antifreeze preparations manufacturing 

Sugar substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweeteners blended with other ingredients) made from purchased synthetic 

sweeteners manufacturing 

Industrial salt manufacturing 

Swimming pool chemical preparations manufacturing 

Lighter fluids (e.g., charcoal, cigarette) manufacturing 

Writing inks manufacturing 

Matches and matchbook manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing basic chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3251, Basic Chemical 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing resins, synthetic rubber, and artificial synthetic fibers and filaments--are classified 

in Industry Group 3252, Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals--are classified in Industry 

Group 3253, Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pharmaceuticals and medicines including medicinal vegetable gelatin (i.e., agaragar)--are classified in Industry Group 3254, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paints, coatings, and adhesives--are classified in Industry Group 3255, Paint, 

Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing soaps and cleaning compounds--are classified in Industry Group 3256, Soap, 

Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing printing and inkjet inks--are classified in Industry 325910, Printing Ink 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing explosives--are classified in Industry 325920, Explosives Manufacturing; 

 Custom compounding purchased plastics resins--are classified in U.S. Industry 325991, Custom 

Compounding of Purchased Resins; 

 Manufacturing photographic films, papers, plates, and chemicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 

325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing dessert gelatin--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Food Manufacturing. 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing subsector make goods by processing 

plastics materials and raw rubber. The core technology employed by establishments in this subsector is that 

of plastics or rubber product production. Plastics and rubber are combined in the same subsector because 

plastics are increasingly being used as a substitute for rubber; however the subsector is generally restricted 

to the production of products made of just one material, either solely plastics or rubber. 

 Many manufacturing activities use plastics or rubber, for example the manufacture of footwear, or 

furniture. Typically, the production process of these products involves more than one material. In these 

cases, technologies that allow disparate materials to be formed and combined are of central importance in 

describing the manufacturing activity. In NAICS, such activities (the footwear and furniture 

manufacturing) are not classified in the Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing subsector because the 

core technologies for these activities are diverse and involve multiple materials. 

 Within the Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing subsector, a distinction is made between plastics 

and rubber products at the industry group level, although it is not a rigid distinction, as can be seen from the 

definition of Industry 32622, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing. As materials 

technology progresses, plastics are increasingly being used as a substitute for rubber; and eventually, the 

distinction may disappear as a basis for establishment classification. 

 In keeping with the core technology focus of plastics, lamination of plastics film to plastics film as well 

as the production of bags from plastics only is classified in this subsector. Lamination and bag production 
involving plastics and materials other than plastics are classified in the NAICS Subsector 322, Paper 

Manufacturing. 

3261 Plastics Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing new or spent (i.e., 

recycled) plastics resins into intermediate or final products, using such processes as compression molding; 

extrusion molding; injection molding; blow molding; and casting. Within most of these industries, the 

production process is such that a wide variety of products can be made. 

32611 Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) converting plastics resins into 

unsupported plastics film and sheet and/or (2) forming, coating or laminating plastics film and sheet into 

plastics bags. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Laminating plastics sheet (except for packaging)--are classified in Industry 32613, Laminated 

Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics blister and bubble packaging--are classified in Industry 32619, Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Coating or laminating combinations of plastics, foils and paper (except plastics film to plastics 

film) into film, sheet or bags--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated 

Paper Manufacturing. 

326111 Plastics Bag and Pouch Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) converting plastics resins into 

plastics bags or pouches; and/or (2) forming, coating, or laminating plastics film or sheet into single web or 

multi-web plastics bags or pouches. Establishments in this industry may print on the bags or pouches they 

manufacture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing laminated or coated combinations of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film 

to plastics film) materials into single wall bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, Coated 

Paper Bag and Pouch Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laminated or coated combinations of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film 

to plastics film) into multiwalled bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322224, Uncoated Paper and 

Multiwall Bag Manufacturing; and 

 Printing on purchased packaging materials--are classified in Industry Group 3231, Printing and 

Related Support Activities, based on the printing process used. 

326112 Plastics Packaging Film and Sheet (including Laminated) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into plastics 

packaging (flexible) film and packaging sheet. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Converting plastics resins into plastics film and unlaminated sheet (except packaging)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 326113, Unlaminated Plastics Film and Sheet (except Packaging) 

Manufacturing; 
 Laminating or coating packaging combinations of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film to 

plastics film) film and sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 322221, Coated and Laminated 

Packaging Paper Manufacturing; 

 Laminating or coating combinations of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film to plastics 

film) nonpackaging film and sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated 

Paper Manufacturing; 

 Laminating plastics sheet (except for packaging)--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated 

Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag and Pouch 

Manufacturing. 

326113 Unlaminated Plastics Film and Sheet (except Packaging) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into plastics 

film and unlaminated sheet (except packaging). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Converting plastics resins into plastics packaging film and unlaminated packaging sheet--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 326112, Plastics Packaging Film and Sheet (including Laminated) 

Manufacturing; 

 Laminating plastics sheet (except for packaging)--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated 

Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; 

 Laminating or coating a combination of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film to plastics 

film) nonpackaging film and sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated 

Paper Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag and Pouch 

Manufacturing. 

32612 Plastics Pipe, Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics pipes and pipe 

fittings, and plastics profile shapes such as rod, tube, and sausage casings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics hose--are classified in Industry 32622, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and 

Belting Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing noncurrent carrying plastics conduit--are classified in Industry 33593, Wiring 

Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in 

Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing. 

326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into nonrigid 

plastics profile shapes (except film, sheet, and bags), such as rod, tube, and sausage casings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in 

Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; 

and 
 Manufacturing plastics hoses--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and 

Belting Manufacturing. 

326122 Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into rigid 

plastics pipes and pipe fittings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics hose--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and 

Belting Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing noncurrent-carrying plastics conduit--are classified in U.S. Industry 335932, 

Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 326191, Plastics 

Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing. 

32613 Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 326130 below. 

326130 Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating plastics profile shapes such as 

plate, sheet (except packaging), and rod. The lamination process generally involves bonding or 

impregnating profiles with plastics resins and compressing them under heat. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in 

Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; 

and 

 Coating or laminating nonplastics film, sheet, or bags with plastics--are classified in Industry 

32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing. 

32614 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 326140 below. 

326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing polystyrene foam products. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics foam products (except polystyrene) are 

classified in Industry 326150, Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing. 

32615 Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 326150 below. 

326150 Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics foam products 

(except polystyrene). 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing polystyrene foam products are classified in Industry 

326140, Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing. 

32616 Plastics Bottle Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 32616 below. 

326160 Plastics Bottle Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics bottles. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics containers (except bottles) are classified in 

U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing. 

32619 Other Plastics Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing resilient floor covering and 

other plastics products (except film, sheet, bags, profile shapes, pipes, pipe fittings, laminates, foam 

products, and bottles). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Inflatable plastics swimming pool rafts and similar flotation devices manufacturing 

Plastics hardware manufacturing 

Plastics bowls and bowl covers manufacturing 

Plastics or fiberglass plumbing fixtures (e.g., toilets, shower stalls, urinals) manufacturing 

Plastics cups (except foam) manufacturing 

Plastics siding manufacturing 

Plastics dinnerware (except foam) manufacturing 

Plastics trash containers manufacturing 

Plastics gloves manufacturing 

Resilient floor coverings (e.g., sheet, tiles) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in 

Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics pipes, pipe fittings, and plastics profile shapes (except films, sheet, bags)--

are classified in Industry 32612, Plastics Pipe, Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape 

Manufacturing; 

 Laminating plastics profile shapes, such as plate, sheet, and rod--are classified in Industry 32613, 

Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing polystyrene foam products--are classified in Industry 32614, Polystyrene Foam 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing foam products (except polystyrene)--are classified in Industry 32615, Urethane and 

Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics bottles--are classified in Industry 32616, Plastics Bottle Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics furniture parts--are classified in Industry 33721, Office Furniture 

(including Fixtures) Manufacturing; 

 Assembling plastics components into plumbing fixture fittings, such as faucets--are classified in 

Industry 33291, Metal Valve Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing rubber floor mats and rubber treads--are classified in Industry 32629, Other Rubber 

Product Manufacturing. 
326191 Plastics Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics or fiberglass 

plumbing fixtures. Examples of products made by these establishments are plastics or fiberglass bathtubs, 

hot tubs, portable toilets, and shower stalls. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Assembling plastics components into plumbing fixture fittings, such as faucets--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332913, Plumbing Fixture Fitting and Trim Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plastics pipe and pipe fittings--are classified in U.S. Industry 326122, Plastics Pipe 

and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing. 

326192 Resilient Floor Covering Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing resilient floor coverings 

for permanent installation. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber floor mats and rubber treads are classified in 

U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing. 

326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics products 

(except film, sheet, bags, profile shapes, pipes, pipe fittings, laminates, foam products, bottles, plumbing 

fixtures, and resilient floor coverings). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Plastics air mattresses manufacturing 

Plastics gloves manufacturing 

Plastics bowls and bowl covers manufacturing 

Plastics hardware manufacturing 

Plastics clothes hangers manufacturing 

Plastics siding manufacturing 

Plastics cups (except foam) manufacturing 

Plastics trash containers manufacturing 

Plastics dinnerware (except foam) manufacturing 

Inflatable plastics swimming pool rafts and similar flotation devices manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in 

Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics pipes, pipe fittings, and plastics profile shapes (except film, sheet, bags)--

are classified in Industry 32612, Plastics Pipe, Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape 

Manufacturing; 

 Laminating plastics profile shapes, such as plate, sheet, and rod--are classified in Industry 326130, 

Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing polystyrene foam products--are classified in Industry 326140, Polystyrene Foam 

Product Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing foam (except polystyrene) products--are classified in Industry 326150, Urethane 

and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics bottles--are classified in Industry 326160, Plastics Bottle Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heavy-duty inflatable plastics boats--are classified in Industry 336612, Boat 

Building; 

 Manufacturing plastics furniture parts and components--are classified in U.S. Industry 337215, 

Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 326191, Plastics 

Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing resilient floor coverings--are classified in U.S. Industry 326192, Resilient Floor 

Covering Manufacturing; and 

 Assembling plastics components into plumbing fixtures fittings such as faucets--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332913, Plumbing Fixture Fitting and Trim Manufacturing. 

3262 Rubber Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing natural, synthetic, or 

reclaimed rubber materials into intermediate or final products using processes, such as vulcanizing, 

cementing, molding, extruding, and lathe-cutting. 

32621 Tire Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tires and inner tubes from 

natural and synthetic rubber and retreading or rebuilding tires. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repairing tires, such as plugging--are classified in Industry 81119, Other Automotive Repair and 

Maintenance; and 

 Retailing tires--are classified in Industry 44132, Tire Dealers. 

326211 Tire Manufacturing (except Retreading) MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tires and inner tubes 

from natural and synthetic rubber. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in retreading or rebuilding tires are classified in U.S. Industry 326212, 

Tire Retreading. 

326212 Tire Retreading MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retreading or rebuilding tires. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repairing tires, such as plugging--are classified in U.S. Industry 811198, All Other Automotive 

Repair and Maintenance; 

 Retailing tires--are classified in Industry 441320, Tire Dealers; and 

 Manufacturing tires and inner tubes from natural and synthetic rubber--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 326211, Tire Manufacturing (except Retreading). 

32622 Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 326220 below. 
326220 Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber hose and/or plastics 

(reinforced) hose and belting from natural and synthetic rubber and/or plastics resins. Establishments 

manufacturing garden hoses from purchased hose are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing rubber tubing--are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics tubing--are classified in U.S. Industry 326121, Unlaminated Plastics 

Profile Shape Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing extruded, lathe-cut, molded rubber goods (except tubing) for mechanical 

applications--are classified in U.S. Industry 326291, Rubber Product Manufacturing for 

Mechanical Use; and 

 Manufacturing fluid power hose assemblies--are classified in U.S. Industry 332912, Fluid Power 

Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing. 

32629 Other Rubber Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber products (except tires, 

hoses, and belting) from natural and synthetic rubber. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Birth control devices (e.g., diaphragms, prophylactics) manufacturing 

Rubber floor mats (e.g., door, bath) manufacturing 

Latex foam rubber manufacturing 

Rubber hair care products (e.g., combs, curlers) manufacturing 

Mechanical rubber goods (i.e., molded, extruded, lathe-cut) manufacturing 

Rubber tubing manufacturing 

Reclaiming rubber from waste and scrap 

Rubber bands manufacturing 

Rubber balloons manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing tires and inner tubes--are classified in Industry 32621, Tire Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber hoses and belting--are classified in Industry 32622, Rubber and Plastics 

Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; 

 Rubberizing fabric--are classified in Industry 31332, Fabric Coating Mills; 

 Manufacturing rubber gaskets, packing, and sealing devices--are classified in Industry 33999, All 

Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber gloves--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber clothing accessories (e.g., bathing caps)--are classified in Industry 31599, 

Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing rubber toys--are classified in Industry 33993, Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing. 

326291 Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber goods (except 

tubing) for mechanical applications, using the processes of molding, extruding or lathe-cutting. Products of 

this industry are generally parts for motor vehicles, machinery, and equipment. 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber tubing from natural and synthetic rubber or in 

manufacturing rubber products for mechanical applications using processes other than molding, extruding 

or lathe-cutting are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing. 

326299 All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber products (except 

tires; hoses and belting; and molded, extruded, and lathe-cut rubber goods for mechanical applications 

(except rubber tubing)) from natural and synthetic rubber. Establishments manufacturing rubber tubing 

made from natural and synthetic rubber, regardless of process used, are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Birth control devices (i.e., diaphragms, prophylactics) manufacturing 

Rubber floor mats (e.g., door, bath) manufacturing 

Latex foam rubber manufacturing 

Rubber hair care products (e.g., combs, curlers) manufacturing 

Reclaiming rubber from waste and scrap 

Rubber tubing manufacturing 

Rubber balloons manufacturing 

Rubber bands manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing tires, inner tubes, and tire rebuilding--are classified in Industry 32621, Tire 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber hoses and belting--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics 

Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heavy-duty inflatable rubber boats--are classified in U.S. Industry 336612, Boat 

Building; 

 Molding, extruding, and lathe-cutting rubber to manufacture rubber goods (except tubing) for 

mechanical applications--are classified in Industry 326291, Rubber Product Manufacturing for 

Mechanical Use; 

 Rubberizing fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; 

 Manufacturing rubber gaskets, packing, and sealing devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 

339991, Gasket, Packing, and Sealing Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber toys--are classified in Industry 33993, Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber gloves--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and 

Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing rubber clothing accessories (e.g., bathing caps)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

315999, Other Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing. 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing 

 The Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector transforms mined or quarried nonmetallic 

minerals, such as sand, gravel, stone, clay, and refractory materials, into products for intermediate or final 

consumption. Processes used include grinding, mixing, cutting, shaping, and honing. Heat often is used in 

the process and chemicals are frequently mixed to change the composition, purity, and chemical properties 

for the intended product. For example, glass is produced by heating silica sand to the melting point 

(sometimes combined with cullet or recycled glass) and then drawn, floated, or blow molded to the desired 

shape or thickness. Refractory materials are heated and then formed into bricks or other shapes for use in 

industrial applications. 
 The Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector includes establishments that manufacture 

products, such as bricks, refractories, ceramic products, and glass and glass products, such as plate glass 

and containers. Also included are cement and concrete products, lime, gypsum and other nonmetallic 

mineral products including abrasive products, ceramic plumbing fixtures, statuary, cut stone products, and 

mineral wool. The products are used in a wide range of activities from construction and heavy and light 

manufacturing to articles for personal use. 

 Mining, beneficiating, and manufacturing activities often occur in a single location. Separate receipts 

will be collected for these activities whenever possible. When receipts cannot be broken out between 

mining and manufacturing, establishments that mine or quarry nonmetallic minerals, beneficiate the 

nonmetallic minerals and further process the nonmetallic minerals into a more finished manufactured 

product are classified based on the primary activity of the establishment. A mine that manufactures a small 

amount of finished products will be classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction. 

An establishment that mines whose primary output is a more finished manufactured product will be 

classified in the Manufacturing Sector. 

 Excluded from the Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector are establishments that 

primarily beneficiate mined nonmetallic minerals. Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted 

material is reduced to particles that can be separated into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further 

processing or direct use. Beneficiation establishments are included in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and 

Oil and Gas Extraction. 

3271 Clay Product and Refractory Manufacturing 

32711 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in shaping, molding, glazing, and firing 

pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures made entirely or partly of clay or other ceramic materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ferrite microwave devices and electronic components--are classified in Subsector 

334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing enameled iron and steel plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 33299, All 

Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal bathroom accessories--are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastic bathroom accessories, cultured marble, and other plastic plumbing fixtures--

are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing clay building materials, such as ceramic tile, bricks, and clay roofing tiles, and 

refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories 

Manufacturing. 

327111 Vitreous China Plumbing Fixture and China and Earthenware Bathroom Accessories 

Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vitreous china plumbing 

fixtures and china and earthenware bathroom accessories, such as faucet handles, towel bars, and soap 

dishes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing enameled iron and steel plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 332998, 

Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal bathroom accessories--are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal 

Product Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing plastics bathroom accessories--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cultured marble and other plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 326191, Plastics Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing china and earthenware products (except bathroom fixtures and accessories)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 327112, Vitreous China, Fine Earthenware, and Other Pottery Product 

Manufacturing. 

327112 Vitreous China, Fine Earthenware, and Other Pottery Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing table and kitchen 

articles, art and ornamental items, and similar vitreous china, fine earthenware, stoneware, coarse 

earthenware, and pottery products. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Chemical stoneware (i.e., pottery products) manufacturing 

Earthenware table and kitchen articles, coarse, manufacturing 

Clay and ceramic statuary manufacturing 

Florists' articles, red earthenware, manufacturing 

Cooking ware (e.g., stoneware, coarse earthenware, pottery) manufacturing 

Vases, pottery (e.g., china, earthenware, stoneware), manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing vitreous china plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 327111, Vitreous 

China Plumbing Fixture and China and Earthenware Bathroom Accessories Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing porcelain and ceramic electrical products, such as insulators--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 327113, Porcelain Electrical Supply Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing clay building materials, such as ceramic tile, bricks, and clay roofing tiles, and 

refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories 

Manufacturing. 

327113 Porcelain Electrical Supply Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing porcelain electrical 

insulators, molded porcelain parts for electrical devices, ferrite or ceramic magnets, and electronic and 

electrical supplies from nonmetallic minerals, such as clay and ceramic materials. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ferrite microwave devices and electronic components 

are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing. 

32712 Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in shaping, molding, baking, burning, or 

hardening clay refractories, nonclay refractories, ceramic tile, structural clay tile, brick, and other structural 

clay building materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glass blocks--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product 

Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing concrete brick and block--are classified in Industry 32733, Concrete Pipe, Brick, 

and Block Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing resilient flooring--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product 

Manufacturing. 

327121 Brick and Structural Clay Tile Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing brick and structural clay 

tiles. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing clay fire brick (i.e., refractories)--are classified in U.S. Industry 327124, Clay 

Refractory Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonclay fire brick (i.e., refractories)--are classified in U.S. Industry 327125, 

Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass brick--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete bricks--are classified in U.S. Industry 327331, Concrete Block and Brick 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing adobe bricks or clay roofing tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327123, Other 

Structural Clay Product Manufacturing. 

327122 Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ceramic wall and floor 

tiles. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing structural clay tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327121, Brick and Structural 

Clay Tile Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing clay drain tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327123, Other Structural Clay 

Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing resilient flooring and asphalt floor tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 326192, 

Resilient Floor Covering Manufacturing. 

327123 Other Structural Clay Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clay sewer pipe, drain 

tile, flue lining tile, architectural terra-cotta, and other structural clay products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing bricks and structural clay tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327121, Brick and 

Structural Clay Tile Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ceramic floor and wall tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327122, Ceramic Wall 

and Floor Tile Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing clay refractories--are classified in U.S. Industry 327124, Clay Refractory 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing nonclay refractories--are classified in U.S. Industry 327125, Nonclay Refractory 

Manufacturing. 

327124 Clay Refractory Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clay refractory, mortar, 

brick, block, tile, and fabricated clay refractories, such as melting pots. A refractory is a material that will 

retain its shape and chemical identity when subjected to high temperatures and is used in applications that 

require extreme resistance to heat, such as furnace linings. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonclay refractories are classified in U.S. Industry 

327125, Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing. 

327125 Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonclay refractory, 

mortar, brick, block, tile, and fabricated nonclay refractories, such as graphite, magnesite, silica, or alumina 

crucibles. A refractory is a material that will retain its shape and chemical identity when subjected to high 

temperatures and is used in applications that require extreme resistance to heat, such as furnace linings. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clay refractories are classified in U.S. Industry 

327124, Clay Refractory Manufacturing. 

3272 Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing 

32721 Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass and/or glass products. 

Establishments in this industry may manufacture glass and/or glass products by melting silica sand or 

cullet, or purchasing glass. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glass wool (i.e., fiberglass) insulation products--are classified in Industry 32799, 

All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing optical lenses (except ophthalmic), such as magnifying, photographic, and 

projection lenses--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service Industry Machinery 

Manufacturing; 

 Grinding ophthalmic (i.e., eyeglass) lenses for the trade--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical 

Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fiber optic cable from purchased fiber optic strand--are classified in Industry 

33592, Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing. 

327211 Flat Glass Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing flat glass by melting 

silica sand or cullet or (2) manufacturing both flat glass and laminated glass by melting silica sand or cullet. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing laminated glass from purchased flat glass are 

classified in U.S. Industry 327215, Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass. 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass by melting silica 

sand or cullet and making pressed, blown, or shaped glass or glassware (except glass packaging 

containers). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing flat glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 327211, Flat Glass Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass packaging containers in glassmaking operations--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 327213, Glass Container Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass wool (i.e., fiberglass) insulation--are classified in U.S. Industry 327993, 

Mineral Wool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glassware from purchased glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 327215, Glass 

Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; and 

 Manufacturing fiber optic cable from purchased fiber optic strand--are classified in U.S. Industry 

335921, Fiber Optic Cable Manufacturing. 

327213 Glass Container Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass packaging 

containers. 

327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in coating, laminating, tempering, or 

shaping purchased glass. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing optical lenses (except ophthalmic), such as magnifying, photographic, and 

projection lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 333314, Optical Instrument and Lens 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ophthalmic (i.e., eyeglass) lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, 

Ophthalmic Goods Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fiber optic cable from purchased fiber optic strand--are classified in U.S. Industry 

335921, Fiber Optic Cable Manufacturing. 

3273 Cement and Concrete Product Manufacturing 

32731 Cement Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 327310 below. 

327310 Cement Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing portland, natural, masonry, 

pozzolanic, and other hydraulic cements. Cement manufacturing establishments may calcine earths or 

mine, quarry, manufacture, or purchase lime. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining or quarrying limestone--are classified in U.S. Industry 212312, Crushed and Broken 

Limestone Mining and Quarrying; 

 Manufacturing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix Concrete 

Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing dry mix concrete--are classified in U.S. Industry 327999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing. 

32732 Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 327320 below. 

327320 Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments, such as batch plants or mix plants, primarily engaged in 

manufacturing concrete delivered to a purchaser in a plastic and unhardened state. Ready-mix concrete 

manufacturing establishments may mine, quarry, or purchase sand and gravel. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating sand or gravel pits--are classified in U.S. Industry 212321, Construction Sand and 

Gravel Mining; and 

 Manufacturing dry mix concrete--are classified in U.S. Industry 327999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing. 

32733 Concrete Pipe, Brick, and Block Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete pipe, brick, and 

block. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete products (except brick, block, and pipe) are 

classified in Industry 32739, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing. 

327331 Concrete Block and Brick Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete block and 

brick. 

327332 Concrete Pipe Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete pipe. 

32739 Other Concrete Product Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 327390 below. 

327390 Other Concrete Product Manufacturing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete products (except 

block, brick, and pipe). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing concrete brick and block--are classified in U.S. Industry 327331, Concrete Block 

and Brick Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing concrete pipe--are classified in U.S. Industry 327332, Concrete Pipe 

Manufacturing. 

3274 Lime and Gypsum Product Manufacturing 

32741 Lime Manufacturing 
 See industry description for 327410 below. 

327410 Lime Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing lime from calcitic limestone, 

dolomitic limestone, or other calcareous materials, such as coral, chalk, and shells. Lime manufacturing 

establishments may mine, quarry, collect, or purchase the sources of calcium carbonate. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dolomite refractories are classified in U.S. Industry 

327125, Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing. 

32742 Gypsum Product Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 327420 below. 

327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gypsum products, such as 

wallboard, plaster, plasterboard, molding, ornamental moldings, statuary, and architectural plaster work. 

Gypsum product manufacturing establishments may mine, quarry, or purchase gypsum. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating gypsum mines or quarries are classified in U.S. Industry 

212399, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining. 

3279 Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing 

 The Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing industry group comprises establishments 

manufacturing nonmetallic mineral products (except clay products, refractory products, glass products, 

cement and concrete products, lime, and gypsum products). 

32791 Abrasive Product Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 327910 below. 

327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing abrasive grinding wheels of 

natural or synthetic materials, abrasive-coated products, and other abrasive products. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aluminum oxide (fused) abrasives manufacturing 

Sandpaper manufacturing 

Buffing and polishing wheels, abrasive and nonabrasive, manufacturing 

Silicon carbide abrasives manufacturing 

Diamond dressing wheels manufacturing 

Whetstones manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining and cutting grindstones, pulpstones, and whetstones--are classified in U.S. Industry 

212399, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; 

 Manufacturing plastic scouring pads--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing metallic scouring sponges and soap impregnated scouring pads--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

32799 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonmetallic mineral products 

(except pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures; clay building materials and refractories; glass and glass 

products; cement; ready-mix concrete; concrete products; lime; gypsum products; and abrasive products). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32711, Pottery, 

Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Mining or quarrying stone, earth, or other nonmetallic minerals--are classified in Industry Group 

2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying; 

 Buying and selling semifinished monuments and tombstones with no work other than polishing, 

lettering, or shaping to custom order--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, 

Retail Trade; 

 Manufacturing clay building materials and refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay 

Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass and glass products--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cement--are classified in Industry 32731, Cement Manufacturing; 

 Mixing and delivering ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 32732, Ready-Mix Concrete 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete pipe, brick, and block--are classified in Industry 32733, Concrete Pipe, 

Brick, and Block Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete products (except pipe, brick, and block)--are classified in Industry 32739, 

Other Concrete Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing lime--are classified in Industry 32741, Lime Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gypsum products--are classified in Industry 32742, Gypsum Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing abrasive products--are classified in Industry 32791, Abrasive Product 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metallic scouring pads and steel wool--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other 

Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

327991 Cut Stone and Stone Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cutting, shaping, and finishing granite, 

marble, limestone, slate, and other stone for building and miscellaneous uses. Stone product manufacturing 

establishments may mine, quarry, or purchase stone. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mining or quarrying stone--are classified in Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining 

and Quarrying; and 

 Buying and selling semifinished monuments and tombstones with no work other than polishing, 

lettering, or shaping to custom order--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, 

Retail Trade. 

327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in calcining, dead burning, or otherwise 

processing beyond beneficiation, clays, ceramic and refractory minerals, barite, and miscellaneous 

nonmetallic minerals. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in crushing, grinding, pulverizing, washing, screening, sizing, or 

otherwise beneficiating mined clays, ceramics and refractory, and other miscellaneous nonmetallic minerals 

are classified in Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying. 

327993 Mineral Wool Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mineral wool and 

mineral wool (i.e., fiberglass) insulation products made of such siliceous materials as rock, slag, and glass 

or combinations thereof. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metallic scouring pads and steel wool are classified 

in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonmetallic mineral 

products (except pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures; clay building materials and refractories; glass 

and glass products; cement; ready-mix concrete; concrete products; lime; gypsum products; abrasive 

products; cut stone and stone products; ground and treated minerals and earth; and mineral wool). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dry mix concrete manufacturing 

Stucco and stucco products manufacturing 

Mica products manufacturing 

Synthetic stones, for gem stones and industrial use, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32711, Pottery, 

Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing clay building materials and refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay 

Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass and glass products--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cement--are classified in Industry 327310, Cement Manufacturing; 

 Mixing and delivering ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix 

Concrete Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete pipe, brick, and block--are classified in Industry 32733, Concrete Pipe, 

Brick, and Block Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete products (except pipe, brick, and block)--are classified in Industry 

327390, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gypsum products--are classified in Industry 327420, Gypsum Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing abrasives and abrasive products--are classified in Industry 327910, Abrasive 

Product Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing cut stone and stone products--are classified in U.S. Industry 327991, Cut Stone and 

Stone Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ground and treated minerals and earth (i.e., not at the mine site)--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 327992, Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mineral wool and fiberglass insulation products--are classified in U.S. Industry 

327993, Mineral Wool Manufacturing. 

331 Primary Metal Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector smelt and/or refine ferrous and nonferrous 

metals from ore, pig or scrap, using electrometallurgical and other process metallurgical techniques. 

Establishments in this subsector also manufacture metal alloys and superalloys by introducing other 

chemical elements to pure metals. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in 

rolling, drawing, and extruding operations to make sheet, strip, bar, rod, or wire, and in molten form to 

make castings and other basic metal products. 

 Primary manufacturing of ferrous and nonferrous metals begins with ore or concentrate as the primary 

input. Establishments manufacturing primary metals from ore and/or concentrate remain classified in the 

primary smelting, primary refining, or iron and steel mill industries regardless of the form of their output. 

Establishments primarily engaged in secondary smelting and/or secondary refining recover ferrous and 

nonferrous metals from scrap and/or dross. The output of the secondary smelting and/or secondary refining 

industries is limited to shapes, such as ingot or billet, that will be further processed. Recovery of metals 

from scrap often occurs in establishments that are primarily engaged in activities, such as rolling, drawing, 

extruding, or similar processes. 

 Excluded from the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector are establishments primarily engaged in 

manufacturing ferrous and nonferrous forgings (except ferrous forgings made in steel mills) and stampings. 

Although forging, stamping, and casting are all methods used to make metal shapes, forging and stamping 

do not use molten metals and are included in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

Establishments primarily engaged in operating coke ovens are classified in Industry 32419, Other 

Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. 

3311 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing 

33111 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) direct 

reduction of iron ore; (2) manufacturing pig iron in molten or solid form; (3) converting pig iron into steel; 

(4) manufacturing ferroalloys; (5) making steel; (6) making steel and manufacturing shapes (e.g., bar, plate, 

rod, sheet, strip, wire); and (7) making steel and forming pipe and tube. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nonferrous superalloys, such as cobalt or nickel-based superalloys--are classified in 

Industry 33149, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, 

and Alloying; and 

 Operating coke ovens--are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products 

Manufacturing. 

331111 Iron and Steel Mills US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) direct 

reduction of iron ore; (2) manufacturing pig iron in molten or solid form; (3) converting pig iron into steel; 

(4) making steel; (5) making steel and manufacturing shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, sheet, strip, wire); and (6) 

making steel and forming tube and pipe. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Operating coke ovens--are classified in Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ferroalloys (i.e., alloying elements used to improve, strengthen, or otherwise alter 

the characteristics of steel)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331112, Electrometallurgical Ferroalloy 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete reinforcing bar by rolling and drawing steel from purchased steel--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 331221, Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fabricated structural metal products from concrete reinforcing bars and fabricated 

bar joists--are classified in U.S. Industry 332312, Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing. 

331112 Electrometallurgical Ferroalloy Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrometallurgical 

ferroalloys. Ferroalloys add critical elements, such as silicon and manganese for carbon steel and 

chromium, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, and molybdenum for low- and high-alloy metals. Ferroalloys 

include iron-rich alloys and more pure forms of elements added during the steel manufacturing process that 

alter or improve the characteristics of the metal being made. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing electrometallurgical steel and iron-based superalloys--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous superalloys, such as cobalt or nickel-based superalloys--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except 

Copper and Aluminum). 

3312 Steel Product Manufacturing from Purchased Steel 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron and steel tube and 

pipe, drawing steel wire, and rolling or drawing shapes from purchased iron or steel. 

33121 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel 

 See industry description for 331210 below. 

331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing welded, riveted, or seamless 

pipe and tube from purchased iron or steel. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in making steel and further processing the steel into steel pipe and tube 

are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills. 

33122 Rolling and Drawing of Purchased Steel 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rolling and/or drawing steel shapes, such as 

plate, sheet, strip, rod, and bar, from purchased steel. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making steel and rolling and/or drawing steel--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel 

Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing wire products from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and 

Wire Product Manufacturing. 
331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rolling or drawing shapes (except 

wire), such as plate, sheet, strip, rod, and bar, from purchased steel. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making steel and rolling or drawing steel shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and 

Steel Mills; 

 Manufacturing concrete reinforcing bars in an iron and steel mill--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331111, Iron and Steel Mills; 

 Drawing wire from purchased steel--are classified in U.S. Industry 331222, Steel Wire Drawing; 

and 

 Manufacturing fabricated structural metal products from concrete reinforcing bars and fabricated 

bar joists--are classified in U.S. Industry 332312, Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing. 

331222 Steel Wire Drawing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing wire from purchased steel. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making steel and drawing steel wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; 

and 

 Manufacturing wire products, such as nails, spikes, and paper clips, from purchased steel wire--are 

classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing. 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing 

33131 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) refining 

alumina; (2) making (i.e., the primary production) aluminum from alumina; (3) recovering aluminum from 

scrap or dross; (4) alloying purchased aluminum; and (5) manufacturing aluminum primary forms (e.g., 

bar, foil, pipe, plate, rod, sheet, tube, wire). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing aluminum oxide abrasives and refractories--are classified in Subsector 327, 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap aluminum metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in 

Sector 42, Wholesale Trade; and 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 56292, Materials Recovery Facilities. 

331311 Alumina Refining US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in refining alumina (i.e., aluminum oxide) 

generally from bauxite. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing aluminum oxide abrasives and refractories--are classified in Subsector 327, 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; and 

 Making aluminum from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum 

Production. 

331312 Primary Aluminum Production US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) making aluminum from alumina 

and/or (2) making aluminum from alumina and rolling, drawing, extruding, or casting the aluminum they 

make into primary forms (e.g., bar, billet, ingot, plate, rod, sheet, strip). Establishments in this industry may 

make primary aluminum or aluminum-based alloys from alumina. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Refining alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331311, Alumina Refining; and 

 Recovering aluminum from scrap or alloying purchased aluminum--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331314, Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum. 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) recovering aluminum and 

aluminum alloys from scrap and/or dross (i.e., secondary smelting) and making billet or ingot (except by 

rolling) and/or (2) manufacturing alloys, powder, paste, or flake from purchased aluminum. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making aluminum and/or aluminum alloys from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, 

Primary Aluminum Production; 

 Refining alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331311, Alumina Refining; 

 Manufacturing aluminum sheet, plate, and foil from purchased aluminum or by recovering 

aluminum from scrap and flat rolling or continuous casting--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331315, Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aluminum extruded products from purchased aluminum or by recovering 

aluminum from scrap and extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331316, Aluminum Extruded 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rolled ingot or billet from purchased aluminum or by recovering aluminum from 

scrap and rolling or drawing--are classified in U.S. Industry 331319, Other Aluminum Rolling and 

Drawing; 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 

423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities. 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) flat rolling or continuous casting 

sheet, plate, foil and welded tube from purchased aluminum; and/or (2) recovering aluminum from scrap 

and flat rolling or continuous casting sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube in integrated mills. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in making aluminum from alumina and flat rolling or continuous 

casting aluminum sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary 

Aluminum Production. 
331316 Aluminum Extruded Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) extruding aluminum bar, pipe, and 

tube blooms or extruding or drawing tube from purchased aluminum; and/or (2) recovering aluminum from 

scrap and extruding bar, pipe, and tube blooms or drawing tube in integrated mills. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in making aluminum from alumina and extruding aluminum bar, pipe, 

tube or tube blooms are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production. 

331319 Other Aluminum Rolling and Drawing US 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) rolling, drawing, or extruding 

shapes (except flat rolled sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube; extruded rod, bar, pipe, and tube blooms; and 

drawn or extruded tube) from purchased aluminum and/or (2) recovering aluminum from scrap and rolling, 

drawing or extruding shapes (except flat rolled sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube; extruded rod, bar, pipe, 

and tube blooms; and drawn or extruded tube) in integrated mills. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Flat rolling sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube from either purchased aluminum or by recovering 

aluminum from scrap and flat rolling or continuous casting--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331315, Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; 

 Extruding rod, bar, pipe, tube and tube blooms or drawing tube from purchased aluminum or by 

recovering aluminum from scrap and extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331316, Aluminum 

Extruded Product Manufacturing; and 

 Making aluminum from alumina and making aluminum shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331312, Primary Aluminum Production. 

3314 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing 

33141 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) smelting ores into nonferrous metals 

and/or (2) the primary refining of nonferrous metals (except aluminum) using electrolytic or other 

processes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making aluminum from alumina or recovery of aluminum from scrap--are classified in Industry 

33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; 

 Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap or dross and/or alloying, rolling, drawing, and 

extruding purchased copper--are classified in Industry 33142, Copper Rolling, Drawing, 

Extruding, and Alloying; 

 Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and/or alloying, rolling, 

drawing, and extruding purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified 

in Industry 33149, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, 

Extruding, and Alloying; 

 Mining and making copper and other nonferrous concentrates (including gold and silver bullion) 

using processes, such as solvent extraction or electrowinning--are classified in Industry Group 

2122, Metal Ore Mining; 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, 

Wholesale Trade; and 
 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 56292, Materials Recovery Facilities. 

331411 Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) smelting copper ore and/or (2) the 

primary refining of copper by electrolytic methods or other processes. Establishments in this industry make 

primary copper and copper-based alloys, such as brass and bronze, from ore or concentrates. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying 

purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331423, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and 

Alloying of Copper; 

 Mining and making copper concentrates by processes, such as solvent extraction or 

electrowinning--are classified in U.S. Industry 212234, Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining; 

 Drawing copper wire (except mechanical) from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap 

and drawing wire (except mechanical)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331422, Copper Wire 

(except Mechanical) Drawing; and 

 Rolling, drawing, or extruding copper shapes (except communication and energy wire) from 

purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap and rolling, drawing, and extruding copper 

shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. 

331419 Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) making (i.e., the primary 

production) nonferrous metals by smelting ore and/or (2) the primary refining of nonferrous metals by 

electrolytic methods or other processes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and making primary 

forms and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal 

(except Copper and Aluminum); 

 Making aluminum from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum 

Production; 

 Primary smelting and primary refining of copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary 

Smelting and Refining of Copper; 

 Mining and making copper and other nonferrous concentrates (including gold and silver bullion), 

by processes, such as solvent extraction or electrowinning--are classified in Industry Group 2122, 

Metal Ore Mining; and 

 Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding nonferrous metal shapes (except copper and aluminum) from 

purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) or by recovering nonferrous metals 

(except copper and aluminum) and rolling, drawing, or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. 

33142 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) recovering 

copper or copper alloys from scraps; (2) alloying purchased copper; (3) rolling, drawing, or extruding 

shapes, (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube, wire) from purchased copper; and (4) recovering copper or 

copper alloys from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube, wire). 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Smelting copper ore, primary copper refining, and/or rolling, drawing, or extruding primary 

copper made in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal 

(except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; 

 Manufacturing wire products from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and 

Wire Product Manufacturing; 

 Insulating purchased copper wire--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication and Energy 

Wire and Cable Manufacturing; 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, 

Wholesale Trade; 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 56292, Materials Recovery Facilities; 

 Die-casting purchased copper--are classified in Industry 33152, Nonferrous Metal Foundries; and 

 Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap, and/or rolling, drawing, 

extruding, or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified 

in Industry 33149, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, 

Extruding, and Alloying. 

331421 Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) rolling, drawing, and/or extruding 

shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube (except bare or insulated copper communication or energy wire), 

from purchased copper; and/or (2) recovering copper from scrap and rolling, drawing, and/or extruding 

shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube (except bare or insulated copper communication or energy wire in 

integrated mills)). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying 

purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331423, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and 

Alloying of Copper; 

 Drawing copper wire (except mechanical) from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap 

and drawing copper wire (except mechanical)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331422, Copper 

Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing; 

 Die-casting purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331522, Nonferrous (except 

Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries; 

 Making primary copper and rolling, drawing, and/or extruding copper shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, 

sheet, strip)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper; 

and 

 Rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes from purchased nonferrous metal (except copper and 

aluminum) or recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and rolling, 

drawing, or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper 

and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. 

331422 Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing or drawing and insulating 

communication and energy wire and cable from purchased copper or in integrated secondary smelting and 

wire drawing plants. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing copper mechanical wire from purchased copper or by recovering copper from scrap 

and drawing or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and 

Extruding; 

 Insulating purchased copper wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 335929, Other Communication 

and Energy Wire Manufacturing; 

 Making primary copper and drawing copper wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary 

Smelting and Refining of Copper; and 

 Manufacturing wire products from purchased copper wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring 

and Wire Product Manufacturing. 

331423 Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Copper US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) recovering copper and copper 

alloys from scrap and/or (2) alloying purchased copper. Establishments in this industry make primary 

forms, such as ingot, wire bar, cake, and slab from copper or copper alloys, such as brass and bronze. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 

423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities; 

 Smelting copper ore and/or the primary refining of copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, 

Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper; 

 Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; 

 Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and drawing wire (except mechanical)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 331422, Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing; and 

 Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper, aluminum) from scrap and making primary forms 

and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except 

Copper and Aluminum). 

33149 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and 

Alloying 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) recovering 

nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) and nonferrous metal alloys from scrap; (2) alloying 

purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum); (3) rolling, drawing, and extruding shapes 

from purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum); and (4) recovering nonferrous metals 

from scrap (except copper and aluminum) and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes in integrated facilities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding aluminum or secondary smelting and alloying of aluminum--

are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; 

 Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap, alloying purchased copper, rolling, drawing, or 

extruding shapes from purchased copper, and recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and 

rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes in integrated mills--are classified in Industry 33142, Copper 

Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; 

 Insulating purchased nonferrous wire--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication and 

Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing; 

 Making primary nonferrous metals and rolling, drawing, or extruding nonferrous metal shapes--

are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; 
 Manufacturing products from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, 

Wholesale Trade; and 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 56292, Materials Recovery Facilities. 

331491 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) rolling, drawing, or extruding 

shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube) from purchased nonferrous metals) and/or (2) recovering 

nonferrous metals from scrap and rolling, drawing, and/or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, 

tube) in integrated mills. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding shapes from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap 

and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, 

Drawing, and Extruding; 

 Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and making primary 

forms and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals--are classified in U.S. Industry 331492, 

Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum); 

 Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding aluminum--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and 

Aluminum Production and Processing; 

 Making primary nonferrous metals and rolling, drawing, or extruding nonferrous metal shapes--

are classified in U.S. Industry 331419, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal 

(except Copper and Aluminum); and 

 Insulating purchased nonferrous wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 335929, Other 

Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing. 

331492 Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and 

Aluminum) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) alloying purchased nonferrous 

metals and/or (2) recovering nonferrous metals from scrap. Establishments in this industry make primary 

forms (e.g., bar, billet, bloom, cake, ingot, slab, slug, wire) using smelting or refining processes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Recovering aluminum and aluminum alloys from scrap and/or alloying purchased aluminum--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 331314, Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; 

 Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 

423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Recovering nonferrous metals from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes in integrated 

facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and 

Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified 

in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities; and 

 Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and making primary forms; and/or alloying 

purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331423, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and 

Alloying of Copper. 

3315 Foundries 
 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten metal into molds or 

dies to form castings. Establishments making castings and further manufacturing, such as machining or 

assembling, a specific manufactured product are classified in the industry of the finished product. 

Foundries may perform operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the castings they manufacture. 

More involved processes, such as tapping, threading, milling, or machining to tight tolerances, that 

transform castings into more finished products are classified elsewhere in the manufacturing sector based 

on the product being made. 

 Establishments in this industry group make castings from purchased metals or in integrated secondary 

smelting and casting facilities. When the production of primary metals is combined with making castings, 

the establishment is classified in 331 with the primary metal being made. 

33151 Ferrous Metal Foundries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten iron and steel into molds of 

a desired shape to make castings. Establishments in this industry purchase iron and steel made in other 

establishments. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron or steel castings and further manufacturing them 

into finished products are classified based on the specific finished product. 

331511 Iron Foundries CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten pig iron or iron alloys 

into molds to manufacture castings, (e.g., cast iron man-hole covers, cast iron pipe, cast iron skillets). 

Establishments in this industry purchase iron made in other establishments. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron castings and further manufacturing them into 

finished products are classified based on the specific finished product. 

331512 Steel Investment Foundries US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel investment 

castings. Investment molds are formed by covering a wax shape with a refractory slurry. After the 

refractory slurry hardens, the wax is melted, leaving a seamless mold. Investment molds provide highly 

detailed, consistent castings. Establishments in this industry purchase steel made in other establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing steel castings (except steel investment castings)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331513, Steel Foundries (except Investment); and 

 Manufacturing steel investment castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--

are classified based on the specific finished product. 

331513 Steel Foundries (except Investment) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel castings (except 

steel investment castings). Establishments in this industry purchase steel made in other establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing steel investment castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331512, Steel Investment 

Foundries; and 

 Manufacturing steel castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified 

based on the specific finished product. 

33152 Nonferrous Metal Foundries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring and/or introducing molten 

nonferrous metal, under high pressure, into metal molds or dies to manufacture castings. Establishments in 

this industry purchase nonferrous metals made in other establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing iron or steel castings--are classified in Industry 33151, Ferrous Metal Foundries; 

and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous metal castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--

are classified based on the specific finished product. 

331521 Aluminum Die-Casting Foundries US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in introducing molten aluminum, under 

high pressure, into molds or dies to make aluminum die-castings. Establishments in this industry purchase 

aluminum made in other establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331524, Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting); and 

 Manufacturing aluminum die-castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are 

classified based on the specific finished product. 

331522 Nonferrous (except Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in introducing molten nonferrous metal 

(except aluminum), under high pressure, into molds to make nonferrous metal die-castings. Establishments 

in this industry purchase nonferrous metals made in other establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing aluminum die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331521, Aluminum DieCasting Foundries; 

 Pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331524, Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting); 

 Pouring molten copper into molds to manufacture copper castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331525, Copper Foundries (except Die-Casting); 

 Pouring molten nonferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) into molds to manufacture 

nonferrous (except copper and aluminum) castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331528, Other 

Nonferrous Foundries (except Die-Casting); and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous die-castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are 

classified based on the specific finished product. 

331524 Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting) US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten aluminum into molds 

to manufacture aluminum castings. Establishments in this industry purchase aluminum made in other 

establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing aluminum die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331521, Aluminum DieCasting Foundries; and 

 Manufacturing aluminum or aluminum alloy castings and further manufacturing them into 

finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. 

331525 Copper Foundries (except Die-Casting) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten copper into molds to 

manufacture copper castings. Establishments in this industry purchase copper made in other 

establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing copper die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331522, Nonferrous (except 

Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries; and 

 Manufacturing copper castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are 

classified based on the specific finished product. 

331528 Other Nonferrous Foundries (except Die-Casting) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten nonferrous metals 

(except aluminum and copper) into molds to manufacture nonferrous castings (except aluminum diecastings, nonferrous (except aluminum) die-castings, aluminum castings, and copper castings). 

Establishments in this industry purchase nonferrous metals, such as nickel, lead, and zinc, made in other 

establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing aluminum die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331521, Aluminum DieCasting Foundries; 

 Manufacturing nonferrous (except aluminum) die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331522, 

Nonferrous (except Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries; 

 Pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331524, Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting); 

 Manufacturing copper castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331525, Copper Foundries (except 

Die-Casting); and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are 

classified based on the specific finished product. 

332 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector transform metal into intermediate or 

end products, other than machinery, computers and electronics, and metal furniture, or treat metals and 

metal formed products fabricated elsewhere. Important fabricated metal processes are forging, stamping, 

bending, forming, and machining, used to shape individual pieces of metal; and other processes, such as 

welding and assembling, used to join separate parts together. Establishments in this subsector may use one 

of these processes or a combination of these processes. 
 The NAICS structure for this subsector distinguishes the forging and stamping processes in a single 

industry. The remaining industries in the subsector group establishments based on similar combinations of 

processes used to make products. 

 The manufacturing performed in the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector begins with 

manufactured metal shapes. The establishments in this subsector further fabricate the purchased metal 

shapes into a product. For instance, the Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing industry starts with wire 

and fabricates such items. 

 Within manufacturing there are other establishments that make the same products made by this subsector; 

only these establishments begin production further back in the production process. These establishments 

have a more integrated operation. For instance, one establishment may manufacture steel, draw it into 

wire, and make wire products in the same establishment. Such operations are classified in the Primary 

Metal Manufacturing subsector. 

3321 Forging and Stamping 

33211 Forging and Stamping 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing forgings from purchased metals; (2) manufacturing metal custom roll forming products; (3) 

manufacturing metal stamped and spun products (except automotive, cans, coins); and (4) manufacturing 

powder metallurgy products. Establishments making metal forgings, metal stampings, and metal spun 

products and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific manufactured product are 

classified in the industry of the finished product. Metal forging, metal stamping, and metal spun products 

establishments may perform surface finishing operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the products 

they manufacture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing metal forgings in integrated primary metal establishments--are classified in 

Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; 

 Stamping automotive stampings--are classified in Industry 33637, Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping; 

 Manufacturing and installing rolled formed seamless gutters at construction sites--are classified in 

Industry 23839, Other Building Finishing Contractors; and 

 Stamping coins--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing. 

332111 Iron and Steel Forging US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron and steel forgings 

from purchased iron and steel by hammering mill shapes. Establishments making iron and steel forgings 

and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific manufactured product are classified in 

the industry of the finished product. Iron and steel forging establishments may perform surface finishing 

operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the forgings they manufacture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing iron and steel forgings in integrated iron and steel mills--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous forgings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332112, Nonferrous Forging. 

332112 Nonferrous Forging US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonferrous forgings 

from purchased nonferrous metals by hammering mill shapes. Establishments making nonferrous forgings 

and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific manufactured product are classified in 
the industry of the finished product. Nonferrous forging establishments may perform surface finishing 

operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the forgings they manufacture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing iron and steel forgings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332111, Iron and Steel 

Forging; and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous forgings in integrated primary or secondary nonferrous metal 

production facilities--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing. 

332114 Custom Roll Forming US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in custom roll forming metal products by 

use of rotary motion of rolls with various contours to bend or shape the products. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and installing rolled formed seamless gutters at 

construction sites are classified in Industry 238390, Other Building Finishing Contractors. 

332115 Crown and Closure Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in stamping metal crowns and closures, 

such as bottle caps and home canning lids and rings. 

332116 Metal Stamping US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing unfinished metal 

stampings and spinning unfinished metal products (except crowns, cans, closures, automotive, and coins). 

Establishments making metal stampings and metal spun products and further manufacturing (e.g., 

machining, assembling) a specific product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Metal 

stamping and metal spun products establishments may perform surface finishing operations, such as 

cleaning and deburring, on the products they manufacture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Stamping automotive stampings--are classified in Industry 336370, Motor Vehicle Metal 

Stamping; 

 Stamping metal crowns and closures--are classified in U.S. Industry 332115, Crown and Closure 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cans--are classified in U.S. Industry 332431, Metal Can Manufacturing; and 

 Stamping coins--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing. 

332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing powder metallurgy 

products using any of the various powder metallurgy processing techniques, such as pressing and sintering 

or metal injection molding. Establishments in this industry generally make a wide range of parts on a job 

or order basis. 

3322 Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing 

33221 Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing nonprecious and precious plated metal cutlery and flatware; (2) manufacturing nonpowered 

hand and edge tools; (3) manufacturing nonpowered handsaws; (4) manufacturing saw blades, all types 

(including those for sawing machines); and (5) manufacturing metal kitchen utensils (except cutting-type) 

and pots and pans (except those manufactured by casting (e.g., cast iron skillets) or stamped without further 

fabrication). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing precious (except precious plated) metal cutlery and flatware--are classified in 

Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric razors and hair clippers for use on humans--are classified in Industry 

33521, Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power hedge shears and trimmers and electric hair clippers for use on animals--are 

classified in Industry 33311, Agricultural Implement Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cutting dies, attachments, and accessories for machine tools--are classified in 

Industry 33351, Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing handheld power-driven handtools--are classified in Industry 33399, All Other 

General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing finished cast iron kitchen utensils (i.e., cast iron skillets) and castings for kitchen 

utensils, pots, and pans--are classified in Industry Group 3315, Foundries. 

332211 Cutlery and Flatware (except Precious) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonprecious and 

precious plated metal cutlery and flatware. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing precious (except precious plated) metal cutlery and flatware--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339912, Silverware and Hollowware Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric razors and hair clippers for use on humans and housewares--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power hedge shears and trimmers --are classified in U.S. Industry 333112, Lawn 

and Garden Tractor and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing nonelectric hair clippers for use on animals--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, 

Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing. 

332212 Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonpowered hand and edge 

tools (except saws). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing saw blades and handsaws--are classified in U.S. Industry 332213, Saw Blade and 

Handsaw Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cutting dies, attachments, and accessories for machine tools--are classified in 

Industry 33351, Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing handheld power-driven handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333991, PowerDriven Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric razors and hair clippers for use on humans--are classified in U.S. Industry 

335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric hair clippers for use on animals--are classified in U.S. Industry 333111, 

Farm Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing nonelectric household-type scissors and shears--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332211, Cutlery and Flatware (except Precious) Manufacturing. 

332213 Saw Blade and Handsaw Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing nonpowered 

handsaws and/or (2) manufacturing saw blades, all types (including those for power sawing machines). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing handheld powered saws are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333991, Power-Driven Handtool Manufacturing. 

332214 Kitchen Utensil, Pot, and Pan Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal kitchen utensils 

(except cutting-type), pots, and pans (except those manufactured by casting (e.g., cast iron skillets) or 

stamped without further fabrication). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing finished cast metal kitchen utensils or castings for kitchen utensils--are classified in 

Industry Group 3315, Foundries; 

 Manufacturing stampings for kitchen utensils, pots, and pans--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332116, Metal Stamping; and 

 Manufacturing metal cutting-type kitchen utensils--are classified in U.S. Industry 332211, Cutlery 

and Flatware (except Precious) Manufacturing. 

3323 Architectural and Structural Metals Manufacturing 

33231 Plate Work and Fabricated Structural Product Manufacturing

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing one or more of the 

following: (1) prefabricated metal buildings, panels and sections; (2) structural metal products; and (3) 

metal plate work products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) and prefabricated wood buildings--are classified 

in Industry 32199, All Other Wood Product Manufacturing; 

 Constructing buildings, bridges, and other heavy construction projects on site--are classified in 

Sector 23, Construction; 

 Building ships, boats, and barges--are classified in Industry 33661, Ship and Boat Building; 

 Manufacturing power boilers and heat exchangers--are classified in Industry 33241, Power Boiler 

and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge tanks--are classified in Industry 33242, Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal plate cooling towers--are classified in Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, 

Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metal windows, doors, and studs--are classified in Industry 33232, Ornamental and 

Architectural Metal Products Manufacturing. 

332311 Prefabricated Metal Building and Component Manufacturing CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing prefabricated metal 

buildings, panels, and sections. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) and prefabricated wood buildings--are classified 

in Industry 32199, All Other Wood Product Manufacturing; 

 Constructing prefabricated buildings on site--are classified in Subsector 236, Construction of 

Buildings; and 

 Manufacturing metal windows and doors--are classified in U.S. Industry 332321, Metal Window 

and Door Manufacturing. 

332312 Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in fabricating structural metal products, 

such as assemblies of concrete reinforcing bars and fabricated bar joists. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing concrete reinforcing bars in an iron and steel mill--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331111, Iron and Steel Mills; 

 Manufacturing metal windows and doors--are classified in U.S. Industry 332321, Metal Window 

and Door Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal studs--are classified in U.S. Industry 332322, Sheet Metal Work 

Manufacturing; 

 Constructing buildings, bridges, and other heavy construction projects on site--are classified in 

Sector 23, Construction; 

 Manufacturing concrete reinforcing bar by rolling and drawing steel from purchased steel--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 331221, Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing; 

 Building ships, boats, and barges--are classified in Industry 33661, Ship and Boat Building; and 

 Prefabricating metal buildings, panels, and sections--are classified in U.S. Industry 332311, 

Prefabricated Metal Building and Component Manufacturing. 

332313 Plate Work Manufacturing US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated metal plate work 

by cutting, punching, bending, shaping, and welding purchased metal plate. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing power boilers and heat exchangers--are classified in Industry 332410, Power Boiler 

and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge tanks--are classified in Industry 332420, Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metal plate cooling towers--are classified in U.S. Industry 333415, AirConditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration 

Equipment Manufacturing. 

33232 Ornamental and Architectural Metal Products Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing one or more of the 

following: (1) metal framed windows (i.e., typically using purchased glass) and metal doors; (2) sheet 

metal work; and (3) ornamental and architectural metal products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing metal covered (i.e., clad) wood windows and doors--are classified in Industry 

32191, Millwork; 

 Manufacturing bins, cans, vats, and light tanks of sheet metal--are classified in Industry 33243, 

Metal Can, Box, and Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing prefabricated metal buildings, panels, and sections--are classified in Industry 

33231, Plate Work and Fabricated Structural Product Manufacturing; 

 Fabricating sheet metal work on site--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; 

 Manufacturing metal stampings (except automotive, coins) and custom roll forming products--are 

classified in Industry 33211, Forging and Stamping; 

 Manufacturing automotive stampings--are classified in Industry 33637, Motor Vehicle Metal 

Stamping; and 

 Stamping coins--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing. 

332321 Metal Window and Door Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal framed windows 

(i.e., typically using purchased glass) and metal doors. Examples of products made by these establishments 

are metal door frames; metal framed window and door screens; and metal molding and trim (except 

automotive). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing wood or metal covered (i.e., clad) wood framed windows and doors--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 321911, Wood Window and Door Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metal automotive molding and trim--are classified in Industry 336370, Motor 

Vehicle Metal Stamping. 

332322 Sheet Metal Work Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sheet metal work 

(except stampings). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing sheet metal bins, vats, and light tanks of sheet metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332439, Other Metal Container Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cans, lids, and ends--are classified in U.S. Industry 332431, Metal Can 

Manufacturing; 

 Fabricating sheet metal work on site--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; 

 Manufacturing metal stampings (except automotive, coins) and custom roll forming products--are 

classified in Industry 33211, Forging and Stamping; 

 Manufacturing automotive stampings--are classified in Industry 336370, Motor Vehicle Metal 

Stamping; and 

 Stamping coins--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing. 

332323 Ornamental and Architectural Metal Work Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ornamental and 

architectural metal work, such as staircases, metal open steel flooring, fire escapes, railings, and 

scaffolding. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing prefabricated metal buildings, panels, and sections 

are classified in U.S. Industry 332311, Prefabricated Metal Building and Component Manufacturing. 

3324 Boiler, Tank, and Shipping Container Manufacturing 

33241 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 332410 below. 

332410 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing power boilers and heat 

exchangers. Establishments in this industry may perform installation in addition to manufacturing power 

boilers and heat exchangers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge metal tanks--are classified in Industry 332420, Metal Tank (Heavy 

Gauge) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing steam or hot water low pressure heating boilers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333414, Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; and 

 Installing power boilers and heat exchanges without manufacturing--are classified in Industry 

238220, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors. 

33242 Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 332420 below. 

332420 Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cutting, forming, and joining heavy gauge 

metal to manufacture tanks, vessels, and other containers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing power boilers--are classified in Industry 332410, Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing light gauge metal containers--are classified in Industry 33243, Metal Can, Box, and 

Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing; and 

 Installing heavy gauge metal tanks without manufacturing--are classified in Industry 238120, 

Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors. 

33243 Metal Can, Box, and Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in forming light gauge metal containers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing foil containers--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated Metal 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Reconditioning barrels and drums--are classified in Industry 81131, Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge metal containers--are classified in Industry 33242, Metal Tank 

(Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing. 

332431 Metal Can Manufacturing CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal cans, lids, and 

ends. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing foil containers--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing light gauge metal containers (except cans)--are classified in U.S. Industry 332439, 

Other Metal Container Manufacturing. 

332439 Other Metal Container Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal (light gauge) 

containers (except cans). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Light gauge metal bins manufacturing 

Light gauge metal tool boxes manufacturing 

Light gauge metal drums manufacturing 

Light gauge metal vats manufacturing 

Light gauge metal garbage cans manufacturing 

Metal air cargo containers manufacturing 

Light gauge metal lunch boxes manufacturing 

Metal barrels manufacturing 

Light gauge metal mailboxes manufacturing 

Vacuum bottles and jugs manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing foil containers--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cans--are classified in U.S. Industry 332431, Metal Can Manufacturing; 

 Reconditioning barrels and drums--are classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge metal containers--are classified in Industry 332420, Metal Tank 

(Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing. 

3325 Hardware Manufacturing 

33251 Hardware Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 332510 below. 

332510 Hardware Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal hardware, such as 

metal hinges, metal handles, keys, and locks (except coin-operated, time locks). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, washers, hose clamps, and turn-buckles--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332722, Bolt, Nut, Screw, Rivet, and Washer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nails and spikes from wire drawn elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332618, Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing metal furniture parts (except hardware)--are classified in U.S. Industry 337215, 

Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing; 

 Drawing wire and manufacturing nails and spikes--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pole line and transmission hardware--are classified in U.S. Industry 335932, 

Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coin-operated locking mechanisms--are classified in U.S. Industry 333311, 

Automatic Vending Machine Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing time locks--are classified in U.S. Industry 334518, Watch, Clock, and Part 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fireplace fixtures and equipment, traps, handcuffs and leg irons, ladder jacks, and 

other like metal products--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fire hose nozzles and couplings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332919, Other 

Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing luggage and utility racks--are classified in U.S. Industry 336399, All Other Motor 

Vehicle Parts Manufacturing. 

3326 Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing 

33261 Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing steel springs by forming, 

such as cutting, bending, and heat winding, metal rod or strip stock and/or (2) manufacturing wire springs 

and fabricated wire products from wire drawn elsewhere (except watch and clock springs). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing watch and clock springs from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33451, 

Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing; 

 Drawing wire and manufacturing wire products--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing nonferrous insulated wire from wire drawn elsewhere--are classified in Industry 

33592, Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing. 

332611 Spring (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing heavy gauge springs by 

forming, such as cutting, bending, and heat winding, rod or strip stock. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing light gauge springs from purchased wire or strip--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332612, Spring (Light Gauge) Manufacturing; and 

 Drawing wire and manufacturing wire spring--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal 

Manufacturing. 

332612 Spring (Light Gauge) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing light gauge springs 

from purchased wire or strip. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing watch and clock springs--are classified in U.S. Industry 334518, Watch, Clock, and 

Part Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge springs--are classified in U.S. Industry 332611, Spring (Heavy 

Gauge) Manufacturing; and 

 Drawing wire and manufacturing wire springs--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal 

Manufacturing. 

332618 Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated wire products 

(except springs) made from purchased wire. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barbed wire made from purchased wire 

Noninsulated wire cable made from purchased wire 

Chain link fencing and fence gates made from purchased wire 

Paper clips made from purchased wire 

Metal baskets made from purchased wire 

Woven wire cloth made from purchased wire 

Nails, brads, and staples made from purchased wire 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Drawing wire and manufacturing wire products--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heavy gauge springs--are classified in U.S. Industry 332611, Spring (Heavy 

Gauge) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing light gauge springs from purchased wire or strip--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332612, Spring (Light Gauge) Manufacturing; and 

 Insulating nonferrous wire from wire drawn elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 335929, 

Other Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing. 

3327 Machine Shops; Turned Product; and Screw, Nut, and Bolt Manufacturing 

33271 Machine Shops 

 See industry description for 332710 below. 

332710 Machine Shops 

 This industry comprises establishments known as machine shops primarily engaged in machining metal 

and plastic parts and parts of other composite materials on a job or order basis. Generally machine shop 

jobs are low volume using machine tools, such as lathes (including computer numerically controlled); 

automatic screw machines; and machines for boring, grinding, and milling. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repairing industrial machinery and equipment--are classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and 

Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and 

Maintenance; and 

 Manufacturing parts (except on a job or order basis) for machinery and equipment--are generally 

classified in the same manufacturing industry that makes complete machinery and equipment. 

33272 Turned Product and Screw, Nut, and Bolt Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) machining precision turned products or 

(2) manufacturing metal bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and other industrial fasteners. Included in this industry 

are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing parts for machinery and equipment on a customized 

basis. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics fasteners are classified in Industry 32619, 

Other Plastics Product Manufacturing. 

332721 Precision Turned Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as precision turned manufacturers primarily engaged 

in machining precision products of all materials on a job or order basis. Generally precision turned product 

jobs are large volume using machines, such as automatic screw machines, rotary transfer machines, 

computer numerically controlled (CNC) lathes, or turning centers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, washers, and other 

industrial fasteners on machines, such as headers, threaders, and nut forming machines, are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332722, Bolt, Nut, Screw, Rivet, and Washer Manufacturing. 

332722 Bolt, Nut, Screw, Rivet, and Washer Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal bolts, nuts, 

screws, rivets, and washers, and other industrial fasteners using machines, such as headers, threaders, and 

nut forming machines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing precision turned products--are classified in U.S. Industry 332721, Precision Turned 

Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plastics fasteners--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing. 

3328 Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities 

33281 Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) heat 

treating metals and metal products; (2) enameling, lacquering, and varnishing metals and metal products; 

(3) hot dip galvanizing metals and metal products; (4) engraving, chasing, or etching metals and metal 

products (except jewelry; personal goods carried on or about the person, such as compacts and cigarette 

cases; precious metal products (except precious plated flatware and other plated ware); and printing plates); 

(5) powder coating metals and metal products; (6) electroplating, plating, anodizing, coloring, and finishing 

metals and metal products; and (7) providing other metal surfacing services for the trade. Establishments in 

this industry coat, engrave, and heat treat metals and metal formed products fabricated elsewhere. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Engraving, chasing or etching jewelry, metal personal goods, or precious (except precious plated) 

metal flatware and other plated ware--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware 

Manufacturing; 

 Engraving, chasing or etching printing plates--are classified in Industry 32312, Support Activities 

for Printing; and 
 Both fabricating and coating, engraving, and heat treating metals and metal products--are 

classified in manufacturing according to the product made. 

332811 Metal Heat Treating US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in heat treating, such as annealing, 

tempering, and brazing, metals and metal products for the trade. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in both fabricating and heat treating metal products are classified in the 

Manufacturing sector according to the product made. 

332812 Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and Silverware), and Allied Services to 

Manufacturers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

enameling, lacquering, and varnishing metals and metal products; (2) hot dip galvanizing metals and metal 

products; (3) engraving, chasing, or etching metals and metal products (except jewelry; personal goods 

carried on or about the person, such as compacts and cigarette cases; precious metal products (except 

precious plated flatware and other plated ware); and printing plates); (4) powder coating metals and metal 

products; and (5) providing other metal surfacing services for the trade. Included in this industry are 

establishments that perform these processes on other materials, such as plastics, in addition to metals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Both fabricating and coating and engraving products--are classified in the Manufacturing sector 

according to the product made; 

 Engraving, chasing or etching jewelry, metal personal goods, or precious metal products (except 

precious plated metal flatware and other plated ware)--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry 

and Silverware Manufacturing; and 

 Engraving, chasing or etching printing plates--are classified in U.S. Industry 323122, Prepress 

Services. 

332813 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in electroplating, plating, anodizing, 

coloring, buffing, polishing, cleaning, and sandblasting metals and metal products for the trade. Included 

in this industry are establishments that perform these processes on other materials, such as plastics, in 

addition to metals. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in both fabricating and electroplating, plating, polishing, anodizing, 

and coloring products are classified in the Manufacturing sector according to the product made. 

3329 Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated metal 

products (except forgings and stampings, cutlery and handtools, architectural and structural metals, boilers, 

tanks, shipping containers, hardware, spring and wire products, machine shop products, turned products, 

screws, and nuts and bolts). 

33291 Metal Valve Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing one or more of the following 

metal valves: (1) industrial valves; (2) fluid power valves and hose fittings; (3) plumbing fixture fittings 

and trim; and (4) other metal valves and pipe fittings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid power cylinders and pumps--are classified in Industry 33399, All Other 

General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing intake and exhaust valves for internal combustion engines--are classified in 

Industry 33631, Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal shower rods and metal couplings from purchased metal pipe--are classified 

in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics aerosol spray nozzles--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Casting iron pipe fittings and couplings without machining--are classified in Industry 33151, 

Ferrous Metal Foundries; and 

 Manufacturing plastics pipe fittings and couplings--are classified in Industry 32612, Plastics Pipe, 

Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape Manufacturing. 

332911 Industrial Valve Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial valves and 

valves for water works and municipal water systems. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Complete fire hydrants manufacturing 

Industrial-type globe valves manufacturing 

Industrial-type ball valves manufacturing 

Industrial-type plug valves manufacturing 

Industrial-type butterfly valves manufacturing 

Industrial-type solenoid valves (except fluid power) manufacturing 

Industrial-type check valves manufacturing 

Industrial-type steam traps manufacturing 

Industrial-type gate valves manufacturing 

Valves for nuclear applications manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid power valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 332912, Fluid Power Valve and 

Hose Fitting Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plumbing and heating valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 332919, Other Metal 

Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing. 

332912 Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fluid power valves and 

hose fittings. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fluid power aircraft subassemblies 

Hydraulic and pneumatic hose and tube fittings 

Hose assemblies for fluid power systems 

Hydraulic and pneumatic valves 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid power cylinders--are classified in U.S. Industry 333995, Fluid Power 

Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fluid power pumps--are classified in U.S. Industry 333996, Fluid Power Pump and 

Motor Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing intake and exhaust valves for internal combustion engines--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336311, Carburetor, Piston, Piston Ring, and Valve Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial-type valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 332911, Industrial Valve 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing plumbing and heating valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 332919, Other Metal 

Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing. 

332913 Plumbing Fixture Fitting and Trim Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal and plastics 

plumbing fixture fittings and trim, such as faucets, flush valves, and shower heads. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing metal shower rods--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fire hose nozzles, lawn hose nozzles, water traps, and couplings--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332919,Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing. 

332919 Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal valves (except 

industrial valves, fluid power valves, fluid power hose fittings, and plumbing fixture fittings and trim). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aerosol valves manufacturing 

Metal hose couplings (except fluid power) manufacturing 

Firefighting nozzles manufacturing 

Metal pipe flanges and flange unions manufacturing 

Lawn hose nozzles manufacturing 

Plumbing and heating in-line valves (e.g., check, cutoff, stop) manufacturing 

Lawn sprinklers manufacturing 

Water traps manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid power valves and hose fittings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332912, Fluid 

Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 332911, Industrial Valve 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics aerosol spray nozzles--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Casting iron pipe fittings and couplings without machining--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331511, Iron Foundries; 

 Manufacturing metal couplings from purchased metal pipe--are classified in U.S. Industry 332996, 

Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing plastics pipe fittings and couplings--are classified in U.S. Industry 326122, Plastics 

Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing. 

33299 All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated metal products 

(except forgings and stampings, cutlery and handtools, architectural and structural metal products, boilers, 

tanks, shipping containers, hardware, spring and wire products, machine shop products, turned products, 

screws, nuts and bolts, and metal valves). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Ammunition manufacturing 

Industrial pattern manufacturing 

Ball and roller bearing manufacturing 

Metal safes manufacturing 

Enameled iron and metal sanitary ware manufacturing 

Portable metal ladder manufacturing 

Fabricated pipe and pipe fittings made from purchased metal pipe 

Small arms and other ordnance manufacturing 

Foil container (except bags) manufacturing 

Steel wool manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing forgings, stampings, and powder metallurgy parts--are classified in Industry 33211, 

Forging and Stamping; 

 Manufacturing cutlery and handtools--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery and Handtool 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing architectural and structural metals--are classified in Industry Group 3323, 

Architectural and Structural Metals Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing boilers, tanks, and shipping containers--are classified in Industry Group 3324, 

Boiler, Tank, and Shipping Container Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing hardware and safe and vault locks--are classified in Industry 33251, Hardware 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing spring and wire products--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing machine shop products, turned products, screws, and nuts and bolts--are classified 

in Industry Group 3327, Machine Shops; Turned Product; and Screw, Nut, and Bolt 

Manufacturing; 

 Coating, engraving, heat treating and allied activities--are classified in Industry 33281, Coating, 

Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities; 

 Manufacturing plain bearings--are classified in Industry 33361, Engine, Turbine, and Power 

Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing military tanks--are classified in Industry 33699, Other Transportation Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing guided missiles--are classified in Industry 33641, Aerospace Product and Parts 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cast iron pipe and fittings--are classified in Industry 33151, Ferrous Metal 

Foundries; 

 Manufacturing pipe system fittings (except cast iron couplings and couplings made from 

purchased pipe) and metal aerosol spray nozzles--are classified in Industry 33291, Metal Valve 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing welded and seamless steel pipes from purchased steel--are classified in Industry 

33121, Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; 
 Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures and plastics portable chemical toilets--are classified in 

Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vitreous and semivitreous pottery sanitary ware--are classified in Industry 32711, 

Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing blasting caps, detonating caps, and safety fuses--are classified in Industry 32592, 

Explosives Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fireworks--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and 

Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal furniture frames--are classified in Industry 33721, Office Furniture 

(including Fixtures) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal mechanically refrigerated drinking fountains--are classified in Industry 

33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal foil bags--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and 

Treated Paper Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum 

Production and Processing; 

 Manufacturing metal foil (except aluminum)--are classified in Industry Group 3314, Nonferrous 

Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing; and 

 Manufacturing metal burial vaults--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Manufacturing. 

332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ball and roller bearings 

of all materials. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plain bearings are classified in U.S. Industry 333613, 

Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing. 

332992 Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing small arms ammunition. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ammunition (except small arms)--are classified in U.S. Industry 332993, 

Ammunition (except Small Arms) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing blasting and detonating caps and safety fuses--are classified in Industry 325920, 

Explosives Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fireworks--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. 

332993 Ammunition (except Small Arms) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ammunition (except 

small arms). Examples of products made by these establishments are bombs, depth charges, rockets 

(except guided missiles), grenades, mines, and torpedoes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing small arms ammunition--are classified in U.S. Industry 332992, Small Arms 

Ammunition Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing blasting and detonating caps and safety fuses--are classified in Industry 325920, 

Explosives Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fireworks--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing guided missiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 336414, Guided Missile and Space 

Vehicle Manufacturing. 

332994 Small Arms Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing small firearms that are 

carried and fired by the individual. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing firearms (except small) are classified in U.S. Industry 

332995, Other Ordnance and Accessories Manufacturing. 

332995 Other Ordnance and Accessories Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ordnance (except small 

arms) and accessories. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing small arms--are classified in U.S. Industry 332994, Small Arms Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing military tanks--are classified in U.S. Industry 336992, Military Armored Vehicle, 

Tank, and Tank Component Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing guided missiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 336414, Guided Missile and Space 

Vehicle Manufacturing. 

332996 Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in fabricating, such as cutting, threading, 

and bending metal pipes and pipe fittings made from purchased metal pipe. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cast iron pipe and fittings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331511, Iron Foundries; 

 Manufacturing pipe system fittings (except cast iron couplings)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332919, Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing welded and seamless steel pipes from purchased steel--are classified in Industry 

331210, Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel. 

332997 Industrial Pattern Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial patterns. 

332998 Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing enameled iron and 

metal sanitary ware. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 326191, Plastics 

Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vitreous and semivitreous pottery sanitary ware--are classified in U.S. Industry 

327111, Vitreous China Plumbing Fixture and China and Earthenware Bathroom Accessories 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics portable chemical toilets--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metal mechanically refrigerated drinking fountains--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial 

Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing. 

332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated metal 

products (except forgings and stampings, cutlery and handtools, architectural and structural metals, boilers, 

tanks, shipping containers, hardware, spring and wire products, machine shop products, turned products, 

screws, nuts and bolts, metal valves, ball and roller bearings, ammunition, small arms and other ordnances, 

fabricated pipes and pipe fittings, industrial patterns, and enameled iron and metal sanitary ware). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Foil containers (except bags) manufacturing 

Metal safes manufacturing 

Metal hair curlers manufacturing 

Metal vaults (except burial) manufacturing 

Metal ironing boards manufacturing 

Permanent metallic magnets manufacturing 

Metal pallets manufacturing 

Portable metal ladders manufacturing 

Metal pipe hangers and supports manufacturing 

Steel wool manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing forgings and stampings--are classified in Industry 33211, Forging and Stamping; 

 Manufacturing cutlery and handtools--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery and Handtool 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing architectural and structural metals--are classified in Industry Group 3323, 

Architectural and Structural Metals Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing boilers, tanks, and shipping containers--are classified in Industry Group 3324, 

Boiler, Tank, and Shipping Container Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing hardware and safe and vault locks--are classified in Industry 332510, Hardware 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing spring and wire products--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing machine shop products, turned products, screws, and nut and bolt--are classified in 

Industry Group 3327, Machine Shops; Turned Product; and Screw, Nut, and Bolt Manufacturing; 

 Coating, engraving, heat treating and allied activities--are classified in Industry 33281, Coating, 

Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities; 

 Manufacturing ball and roller bearings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332991, Ball and Roller 

Bearing Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing small arms ammunition--are classified in U.S. Industry 332992, Small Arms 

Ammunition Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ammunition (except small arms)--are classified in U.S. Industry 332993, 

Ammunition (except Small Arms) Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing small firearms that are carried and fired by the individual--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 332994, Small Arms Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ordnance (except small) and accessories--are classified in U.S. Industry 332995, 

Other Ordnance and Accessories Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal pipes and pipe fittings from metal pipe produced elsewhere--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 332996, Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cast iron pipe and fittings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331511, Iron Foundries; 

 Manufacturing welded and seamless steel pipes from purchased steel--are classified in Industry 

331210, Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel; 

 Manufacturing metal furniture frames--are classified in U.S. Industry 337215, Showcase, 

Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing powder metallurgy parts--are classified in U.S. Industry 332117, Powder 

Metallurgy Part Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal boxes--are classified in U.S. Industry 332439, Other Metal Container 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal nozzles, hose couplings, and aerosol valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 

332919, Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal foil bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, Coated Paper Bag and 

Pouch Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum 

Production and Processing; 

 Manufacturing metal foil (except aluminum)--are classified in Industry Group 3314, Nonferrous 

Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing; and 

 Manufacturing metal burial vaults--are classified in U.S. Industry 339995, Burial Casket 

Manufacturing. 

333 Machinery Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Machinery Manufacturing subsector create end products that apply mechanical force, for 

example, the application of gears and levers, to perform work. Some important processes for the 

manufacture of machinery are forging, stamping, bending, forming, and machining that are used to shape 

individual pieces of metal. Processes, such as welding and assembling are used to join separate parts 

together. Although these processes are similar to those used in metal fabricating establishments, machinery 

manufacturing is different because it typically employs multiple metal forming processes in manufacturing 

the various parts of the machine. Moreover, complex assembly operations are an inherent part of the 

production process. 

 In general, design considerations are very important in machinery production. Establishments specialize 

in making machinery designed for particular applications. Thus, design is considered to be part of the 

production process for the purpose of implementing NAICS. The NAICS structure reflects this by defining 

industries and industry groups that make machinery for different applications. A broad distinction exists 

between machinery that is generally used in a variety of industrial applications (i.e., general purpose 

machinery) and machinery that is designed to be used in a particular industry (i.e., special purpose 

machinery). Three industry groups consist of special purpose machinery--Agricultural, Construction, and 

Mining Machinery Manufacturing; Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; and Commercial and Service 

Industry Machinery Manufacturing. The other industry groups make general-purpose machinery: 

Ventilation, Heating, Air Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment 

Manufacturing; and Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing. 

3331 Agriculture, Construction, and Mining Machinery Manufacturing 

33311 Agricultural Implement Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing farm machinery and 

equipment, powered mowing equipment and other powered home lawn and garden equipment. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Combines (i.e., harvester-threshers) manufacturing 

Milking machines manufacturing 

Cotton ginning machinery manufacturing 

Planting machines, farm-type, manufacturing 

Tractors and attachments, lawn and garden-type and farm-type, manufacturing 

Poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers manufacturing 

Plows, farm-type, manufacturing 

Fertilizing machinery, farm-type, manufacturing 

Powered lawnmowers manufacturing 

Haying machines manufacturing 

Snowblowers and throwers, residential-type, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing agricultural handtools and nonpowered lawnmowers--are classified in Industry 

33221, Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing farm conveyors--are classified in Industry 33392, Material Handling Equipment 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing forestry machinery and equipment, such as brush, limb and log chippers; log 

splitters; and equipment--are classified in Industry 33312, Construction Machinery Manufacturing. 

333111 Farm Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing agricultural and farm 

machinery and equipment, and other turf and grounds care equipment, including planting, harvesting, and 

grass mowing equipment (except lawn and garden-type). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Combines (i.e., harvester-threshers) manufacturing 

Plows, farm-type, manufacturing 

Cotton ginning machinery manufacturing 

Tractors and attachments, farm-type, manufacturing 

Feed processing equipment, farm-type, manufacturing 

Haying machines manufacturing 

Fertilizing machinery, farm-type, manufacturing 

Milking machines manufacturing 

Planting machines, farm-type, manufacturing 

Poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing farm conveyors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333922, Conveyor and Conveying 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing tractors and lawnmowers for home lawn and garden care--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333112, Lawn and Garden Tractor and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing construction-type tractors--are classified in Industry 333120, Construction 

Machinery Manufacturing. 

333112 Lawn and Garden Tractor and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing powered lawnmowers, 

lawn and garden tractors, and other home lawn and garden equipment, such as tillers, shredders, yard 

vacuums, and leaf blowers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing commercial mowing and other turf and grounds care equipment--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 333111, Farm Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing nonpowered lawn and garden shears, edgers, pruners, and lawnmowers--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing. 

33312 Construction Machinery Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 333120 below. 

333120 Construction Machinery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing construction machinery, 

surface mining machinery, and logging equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Backhoes manufacturing 

Pile-driving equipment manufacturing 

Bulldozers manufacturing 

Portable crushing, pulverizing, and screening machinery manufacturing 

Construction and surface mining-type rock drill bits manufacturing 

Powered post hole diggers manufacturing 

Construction-type tractors and attachments manufacturing 

Road graders manufacturing 

Off-highway trucks manufacturing 

Surface mining machinery (except drilling) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing drilling and underground mining machinery and equipment--are classified in 

Industry 33313, Mining and Oil and Gas Field Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial plant overhead traveling cranes, hoists, truck-type cranes and hoists, 

winches, aerial work platforms, and automotive wrecker hoists--are classified in Industry 33392, 

Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing rail layers, ballast distributors and other railroad track-laying equipment--are 

classified in Industry 336510, Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing. 

33313 Mining and Oil and Gas Field Machinery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing oil and gas field and 

underground mining machinery and equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Coal breakers, cutters, and pulverizers manufacturing 

Oil and gas field-type derricks manufacturing 

Core drills, underground mining-type, manufacturing 

Oil and gas field-type drilling machinery and equipment (except offshore floating platforms) manufacturing 

Mineral processing and beneficiating machinery manufacturing 

Stationary rock crushing machinery manufacturing 

Mining cars manufacturing 
Water well drilling machinery manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing offshore oil and gas well drilling and production floating platforms--are classified 

in Industry 33661, Ship and Boat Building; 

 Manufacturing surface mining machinery and equipment--are classified in Industry 33312, 

Construction Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coal and ore conveyors--are classified in Industry 33392, Material Handling 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing underground mining locomotives--are classified in Industry 33651, Railroad 

Rolling Stock Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing pumps and pumping equipment--are classified in Industry 33391, Pump and 

Compressor Manufacturing. 

333131 Mining Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing underground mining 

machinery and equipment, such as coal breakers, mining cars, core drills, coal cutters, rock drills and (2) 

manufacturing mineral beneficiating machinery and equipment used in surface or underground mines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing surface mining machinery and equipment--are classified in Industry 333120, 

Construction Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing well-drilling machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333132, Oil and Gas Field 

Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coal and ore conveyors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333922, Conveyor and 

Conveying Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing underground mining locomotives--are classified in Industry 336510, Railroad 

Rolling Stock Manufacturing. 

333132 Oil and Gas Field Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing oil and gas field 

machinery and equipment, such as oil and gas field drilling machinery and equipment; oil and gas field 

production machinery and equipment; and oil and gas field derricks and (2) manufacturing water well 

drilling machinery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing offshore oil and gas well drilling and production floating platforms--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 336611, Ship Building and Repairing; 

 Manufacturing underground mining drills--are classified in U.S. Industry 333131, Mining 

Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing pumps and pumping equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333911, Pump and 

Pumping Equipment Manufacturing. 

3332 Industrial Machinery Manufacturing 

33321 Sawmill and Woodworking Machinery Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 333210 below. 

333210 Sawmill and Woodworking Machinery Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sawmill and woodworking 

machinery (except handheld), such as circular and band sawing equipment, planing machinery, and sanding 

machinery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing planes, axes, drawknives, and handsaws--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery 

and Handtool Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing power-driven handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333991, Power-Driven 

Handtool Manufacturing. 

33322 Plastics and Rubber Industry Machinery Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 333220 below. 

333220 Plastics and Rubber Industry Machinery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics and rubber products 

making machinery, such as plastics compression, extrusion and injection molding machinery and 

equipment, and tire building and recapping machinery and equipment. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial metal molds for plastics and rubber 

products making machinery are classified in U.S. Industry 333511, Industrial Mold Manufacturing. 

33329 Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial machinery (except 

agricultural and farm-type, construction, mining, sawmill and woodworking, and plastics and rubber 

products making machinery). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bakery ovens manufacturing 

Printing presses (except textile) manufacturing 

Chemical processing machinery and equipment manufacturing 

Semiconductor making machinery manufacturing 

Glass making machinery (e.g., blowing, forming, molding) manufacturing 

Sewing machines (including household-type) manufacturing 

Paper making machinery manufacturing 

Tannery machinery manufacturing 

Petroleum refinery machinery manufacturing 

Textile making machinery manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing agricultural and farm-type, construction, and mining machinery--are classified in 

Industry Group 3331, Agriculture, Construction, and Mining Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing sawmill and woodworking machinery--are classified in Industry 33321, Sawmill 

and Woodworking Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics and rubber products making machinery--are classified in Industry 33322, 

Plastics and Rubber Industry Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing food and beverage packaging machinery--are classified in Industry 33399, All 

Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing commercial and industrial refrigeration and freezer equipment--are classified in 

Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial-type cooking and food warming equipment, automotive maintenance 

equipment (except mechanics' handtools) and photocopiers--are classified in Industry 33331, 

Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mechanics' handtools--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery and Handtool 

Manufacturing. 

333291 Paper Industry Machinery Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper industry 

machinery for making paper and paper products, such as pulp making machinery, paper and paperboard 

making machinery, and paper and paperboard converting machinery. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing printing machinery are classified in U.S. Industry 

333293, Printing Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing. 

333292 Textile Machinery Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile machinery for 

making thread, yarn, and fiber. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Drawing machinery for textiles manufacturing 

Spinning machinery for textiles manufacturing 

Extruding machinery for yarn manufacturing 

Textile making machinery (except sewing machines) manufacturing 

Finishing machinery for textiles manufacturing 

Texturizing machinery for textiles manufacturing 

Knitting machinery manufacturing 

Weaving machinery manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sewing machines are classified in U.S. Industry 

333298, All Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing. 

333293 Printing Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing printing and 

bookbinding machinery and equipment, such as printing presses, typesetting machinery, and bindery 

machinery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing textile printing machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333292, Textile 

Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing photocopiers--are classified in U.S. Industry 333315, Photographic and 

Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing. 

333294 Food Product Machinery Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food and beverage 

manufacturing-type machinery and equipment, such as dairy product plant machinery and equipment (e.g., 

homogenizers, pasteurizers, ice cream freezers), bakery machinery and equipment (e.g., dough mixers, 

bake ovens, pastry rolling machines), meat and poultry processing and preparation machinery, and other 

commercial food products machinery (e.g., slicers, choppers, and mixers). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing food and beverage packaging machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333993, 

Packaging Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial and industrial refrigeration and freezer equipment--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and 

Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing commercial-type cooking and food warming equipment--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333319, Other Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing. 

333295 Semiconductor Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wafer processing 

equipment, semiconductor assembly and packaging equipment, and other semiconductor making 

machinery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing printed circuit board manufacturing machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333298, All Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing semiconductor testing instruments--are classified in U.S. Industry 334515, 

Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals. 

333298 All Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial machinery 

(except agricultural and farm-type, construction and mining machinery, sawmill and woodworking 

machinery, plastics and rubber making machinery, paper and paperboard making machinery, textile 

machinery, printing machinery and equipment, food manufacturing-type machinery, and semiconductor 

making machinery). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Chemical processing machinery and equipment manufacturing 

Petroleum refining machinery manufacturing 

Cigarette making machinery manufacturing 

Sewing machines (including household-type) manufacturing 

Circuit board making machinery manufacturing 

Shoe making and repairing machinery manufacturing 

Glass making machinery (e.g., blowing, forming, molding) manufacturing 

Tannery machinery manufacturing 

Laboratory distilling equipment manufacturing 

Wire and cable insulating machinery manufacturing 

Light bulb and tube (i.e., electric lamp) machinery manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing agricultural and farm-type, construction, and mining machinery--are classified in 

Industry Group 3331, Agriculture, Construction, and Mining Machinery Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing sawmill and woodworking machinery--are classified in Industry 333210, Sawmill 

and Woodworking Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics and rubber products making machinery--are classified in Industry 333220, 

Plastics and Rubber Industry Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paper and paperboard making machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333291, 

Paper Industry Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing textile machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333292, Textile Machinery 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing printing and bookbinding machinery and equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333293, Printing Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing food and beverage manufacturing-type machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333294, Food Product Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing semiconductor making machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333295, 

Semiconductor Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing automotive maintenance equipment (except mechanics' handtools)--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 333319, Other Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mechanics' handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool 

Manufacturing. 

3333 Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing 

33331 Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial and service 

machinery, such as automatic vending machinery, commercial laundry and dry-cleaning machinery, office 

machinery, photographic and photocopying machinery, optical instruments and machinery, automotive 

maintenance equipment (except mechanic's handtools), industrial vacuum cleaners, and commercial-type 

cooking equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing household-type appliances--are classified in Industry Group 3352, Household 

Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing computer and peripheral equipment (including point-of-sale terminals and 

automatic teller machines (ATMs))--are classified in Industry 33411, Computer and Peripheral 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing facsimile equipment--are classified in Industry 33421, Telephone Apparatus 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing timeclocks, timestamps, and electron and proton microscopes--are classified in 

Industry 33451, Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pencil sharpeners and staplers--are classified in Industry 33994, Office Supplies 

(except Paper) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing sensitized film, paper, cloth, and plates, and prepared photographic chemicals--are 

classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ophthalmic focus lenses--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and 

Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing television, video, and digital cameras--are classified in Subsector 334, Computer 

and Electronic Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coin-operated arcade games--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing mechanics' handtools--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery and Handtool 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing molded plastics lens blanks--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing molded glass lens blanks--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing. 

333311 Automatic Vending Machine Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing coin, token, 

currency or magnetic card operated vending machines and/or (2) manufacturing coin-operated mechanisms 

for machines, such as vending machines, lockers, and laundry machines. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing coin-operated arcade games are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339999, All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing. 

333312 Commercial Laundry, Drycleaning, and Pressing Machine Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial and 

industrial laundry and drycleaning equipment and pressing machines. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type laundry equipment are classified in 

U.S. Industry 335224, Household Laundry Equipment Manufacturing. 

333313 Office Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing office machinery 

(except computers and photocopying equipment), such as mailhandling machinery and equipment, 

calculators, typewriters, and dedicated word processing equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing computers and peripheral (including point-of-sale terminals and automatic teller 

machines (ATMs)) equipment--are classified in Industry 33411, Computer and Peripheral 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing photocopy equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333315, Photographic and 

Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing facsimile equipment--are classified in Industry 334210, Telephone Apparatus 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing timeclocks and timestamps--are classified in U.S. Industry 334518, Watch, Clock, 

and Part Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing pencil sharpeners, staplers, staple removers, hand paper punches, cutters, trimmers, 

and other hand office equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 339942, Lead Pencil and Art 

Good Manufacturing. 

333314 Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing optical instruments and lens, such as binoculars, microscopes (except electron, proton), 

telescopes, prisms, and lenses (except ophthalmic); (2) coating or polishing lenses (except ophthalmic); and 

(3) mounting lenses (except ophthalmic). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing ophthalmic focus lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, Ophthalmic 

Goods Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electron and proton microscopes--are classified in U.S. Industry 334516, 

Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing molded plastics lens blanks--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing molded glass lens blanks--are classified in U.S. Industry 327212, Other Pressed 

and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing. 

333315 Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing photographic and 

photocopying equipment, such as cameras (except television, video and digital) projectors, film developing 

equipment, photocopying equipment, and microfilm equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing sensitized film, paper, cloth, and plates, and prepared photographic chemicals--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing photographic lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 333314, Optical Instrument 

and Lens Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing television, video, and digital cameras--are classified in Subsector 334, Computer 

and Electronic Product Manufacturing. 

333319 Other Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial and service 

industry equipment (except automatic vending machines, commercial laundry, drycleaning and pressing 

machines, office machinery, optical instruments and lenses, and photographic and photocopying 

equipment). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carnival and amusement park rides manufacturing 

Mechanical carpet sweepers manufacturing 

Carwashing machinery manufacturing 

Motor vehicle alignment equipment manufacturing 

Commercial-type coffee makers and urns manufacturing 

Power washer cleaning equipment manufacturing 

Commercial-type cooking equipment (i.e., fryers, microwave ovens, ovens, ranges) manufacturing 

Teaching machines (e.g., flight simulators) manufacturing 

Industrial and commercial-type vacuum cleaners manufacturing 

Water treatment equipment manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing automatic vending machines--are classified in U.S. Industry 333311, Automatic 

Vending Machine Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial laundry drycleaning and pressing machines--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333312, Commercial Laundry, Drycleaning, and Pressing Machine Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing office machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333313, Office Machinery 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing optical instruments and lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 333314, Optical 

Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing photographic and photocopying equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333315, 

Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type appliances--are classified in Industry Group 3352, Household 

Appliance Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mechanics' handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool 

Manufacturing. 

3334 Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing 

33341 Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ventilating, heating, airconditioning, and commercial and industrial refrigeration and freezer equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air-conditioner filters manufacturing 

Heating boilers manufacturing 

Air-conditioning and warm air heating combination units manufacturing 

Industrial and commercial-type fans manufacturing 

Attic fans manufacturing 

Refrigerated counter and display cases manufacturing 

Dust and fume collecting equipment manufacturing 

Refrigerated drinking fountains manufacturing 

Gas fireplaces manufacturing 

Space heaters (except portable electric) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing household-type fans (except attic), portable electric space heaters, humidifiers, 

dehumidifiers, and air purification equipment--are classified in Industry 33521, Small Electrical 

Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type appliances, such as cooking stoves, ranges, refrigerators, and 

freezers--are classified in Industry 33522, Major Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial-type cooking equipment--are classified in Industry 33329, Other 

Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial, power, and marine boilers--are classified in Industry 33241, Power 

Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial process furnaces and ovens--are classified in Industry 33399, All Other 

General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in Industry 

33639, Other Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing. 

333411 Air Purification Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing stationary air 

purification equipment, such as industrial dust and fume collection equipment, electrostatic precipitation 

equipment, warm air furnace filters, air washers, and other dust collection equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing air-conditioning units (except motor vehicle)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial 

Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336391, Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type fans (except attic) and portable air purification equipment--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing industrial and commercial blowers, industrial and commercial exhaust and 

ventilating fans, and attic fans--are classified in U.S. Industry 333412, Industrial and Commercial 

Fan and Blower Manufacturing. 

333412 Industrial and Commercial Fan and Blower Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing attic fans and industrial 

and commercial fans and blowers, such as commercial exhaust fans and commercial ventilating fans. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing air-conditioning units (except motor vehicle)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial 

Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336391, Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type fans (except attic) and portable air purification equipment--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing stationary air purification equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333411, Air 

Purification Equipment Manufacturing. 

333414 Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing heating equipment 

(except electric and warm air furnaces), such as heating boilers, heating stoves, floor and wall furnaces, and 

wall and baseboard heating units. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing warm air furnaces--are classified in U.S. Industry 333415, Air-Conditioning and 

Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric space heaters--are classified in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares 

and Household Fan Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type cooking stoves and ranges--are classified in U.S. Industry 335221, 

Household Cooking Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial, power, and marine boilers--are classified in Industry 332410, Power 

Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial process furnaces and ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 333994, 

Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing commercial-type cooking equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333319, Other 

Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing. 

333415 Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial 

Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing air-conditioning 

(except motor vehicle) and warm air furnace equipment and/or (2) manufacturing commercial and 

industrial refrigeration and freezer equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air-conditioning and warm air heating combination units manufacturing 

Humidifying equipment (except portable) manufacturing 

Air-conditioning compressors (except motor vehicle) manufacturing 

Refrigerated counter and display cases manufacturing 

Air-conditioning condensers and condensing units manufacturing 

Refrigerated drinking fountains manufacturing 

Dehumidifiers (except portable electric) manufacturing 

Snow making machinery manufacturing 

Heat pumps manufacturing 

Soda fountain cooling and dispensing equipment manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336391, Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type refrigerators and freezers--are classified in U.S. Industry 335222, 

Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing portable electric space heaters, humidifiers, and dehumidifiers--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing heating boilers, heating stoves, floor and wall mount furnaces, and electric wall 

and baseboard heating units--are classified in U.S. Industry 333414, Heating Equipment (except 

Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing furnace air filters--are classified in U.S. Industry 333411, Air Purification 

Equipment Manufacturing. 

3335 Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing 

33351 Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metalworking machinery, 

such as metal cutting and metal forming machine tools; cutting tools; and accessories for metalworking 

machinery; special dies, tools, jigs, and fixtures; industrial molds; rolling mill machinery; assembly 

machinery; coil handling, conversion, or straightening equipment; and wire drawing and fabricating 

machines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing handtools (except power-driven), cutting dies (except metal cutting), sawblades, 

and handsaws--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing casting molds for heavy steel ingots--are classified in Industry 33151, Ferrous 

Metal Foundries; and 

 Manufacturing power-driven handtools and welding and soldering equipment--are classified in 

Industry 33399, All Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing. 

333511 Industrial Mold Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial molds for 

casting metals or forming other materials, such as plastics, glass, or rubber. 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing casting molds for steel ingots are classified in U.S. 

Industry 331511, Iron Foundries. 

333512 Machine Tool (Metal Cutting Types) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal cutting machine 

tools (except handtools). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Home workshop metal cutting machine tools (except handtools, welding equipment) manufacturing 

Metalworking grinding machines manufacturing 

Metalworking boring machines manufacturing 

Metalworking lathes manufacturing 

Metalworking buffing and polishing machines manufacturing 

Metalworking milling machines manufacturing 

Metalworking drilling machines manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing welding and soldering equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333992, Welding 

and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal-forming machine tools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333513, Machine 

Tool (Metal Forming Types) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power-driven metal cutting handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333991, 

Power-Driven Handtool Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing accessories and attachments for metal cutting machine tools--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333515, Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing. 

333513 Machine Tool (Metal Forming Types) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal forming machine 

tools (except handtools), such as punching, sheering, bending, forming, pressing, forging and die-casting 

machines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing welding and soldering equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333992, Welding 

and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal-cutting machine tools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333512, Machine Tool 

(Metal Cutting Types) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power-driven handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333991, Power-Driven 

Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rolling mill machinery and equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333516, 

Rolling Mill Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing accessories and attachments for metal forming machine tools--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333515, Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing. 

333514 Special Die and Tool, Die Set, Jig, and Fixture Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments, known as tool and die shops, primarily engaged in 

manufacturing special tools and fixtures, such as cutting dies and jigs. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing molds for die-casting and foundry casting; and metal molds for plaster working, 

rubber working, plastics working, and glass working machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333511, Industrial Mold Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing molds for heavy steel ingots--are classified in U.S. Industry 331511, Iron 

Foundries; and 

 Manufacturing cutting dies for materials other than metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, 

Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing. 

333515 Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing accessories and 

attachments for metal cutting and metal forming machine tools. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Knives and bits for metalworking lathes, planers, and shapers manufacturing 

Metalworking drill bits manufacturing 

Measuring attachments (e.g., sine bars) for machine tool manufacturing 

Taps and dies (i.e., machine tool accessories) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing accessories and attachments for cutting and forming machines (except metal 

cutting, metal forming machinery)--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing saw blades and handsaws--are classified in U.S. Industry 332213, Saw Blade and 

Handsaw Manufacturing. 

333516 Rolling Mill Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rolling mill machinery 

and equipment for metal production. 

333518 Other Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal working 

machinery (except industrial molds; metal cutting machine tools; metal forming machine tools; special dies 

and tools, die sets, jigs, and fixtures; cutting tools and machine tool accessories; and rolling mill machinery 

and equipment). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Assembly machines manufacturing 

Metalworking coil winding and cutting machinery manufacturing 

Cradle assemblies machinery (i.e., wire making equipment) manufacturing 

Wire drawing and fabricating machinery and equipment (except dies) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing industrial molds--are classified in U.S. Industry 333511, Industrial Mold 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cutting machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333512, Machine Tool 

(Metal Cutting Types) Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing metal forming machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333513, Machine Tool 

(Metal Forming Types) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing special dies and tools, die sets, jigs, and fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333514, Special Die and Tool, Die Set, Jig, and Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cutting tools and machine tool accessories--are classified in U.S. Industry 333515, 

Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing rolling mill machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333516, Rolling Mill 

Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing. 

3336 Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing 

33361 Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing turbines, power transmission 

equipment, and internal combustion engines (except automotive gasoline and aircraft). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Clutches and brakes (except electromagnetic industrial controls, motor vehicle) manufacturing 

Power transmission pulleys manufacturing 

Diesel and semidiesel engines manufacturing 

Speed changers (i.e., power transmission equipment) manufacturing 

Electric outboard motors manufacturing 

Speed reducers (i.e., power transmission equipment) manufacturing 

Plain bearings (except internal combustion engine) manufacturing 

Turbine generator set units manufacturing 

Plain bushings (except internal combustion engine) manufacturing 

Universal joints (except aircraft, motor vehicle) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle power transmission equipment--are classified in Industry 33635, 

Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aircraft engines and aircraft power transmission equipment--are classified in 

Industry 33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ball and roller bearings--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated 

Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gasoline automotive engines--are classified in Industry 33631, Motor Vehicle 

Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing electric power transmission, electric power distribution equipment, generators, or 

prime mover generator sets (except turbines)--are classified in Industry 33531, Electrical 

Equipment Manufacturing. 

333611 Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing turbines (except 

aircraft); and complete turbine generator set units, such as steam, hydraulic, gas, and wind. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing aircraft turbines--are classified in U.S. Industry 336412, Aircraft Engine and 

Engine Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing generators or prime mover generator sets (except turbines)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335312, Motor and Generator Manufacturing. 
333612 Speed Changer, Industrial High-Speed Drive, and Gear Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gears, speed changers, 

and industrial high-speed drives (except hydrostatic). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle power transmission equipment--are classified in Industry 336350, 

Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aircraft power transmission equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 336413, 

Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing industrial hydrostatic transmissions--are classified in U.S. Industry 333996, Fluid 

Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing. 

333613 Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mechanical power 

transmission equipment (except motor vehicle and aircraft), such as plain bearings, clutches (except motor 

vehicle and electromagnetic industrial control), couplings, joints, and drive chains. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle power transmission equipment--are classified in Industry 336350, 

Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aircraft power transmission equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 336413, 

Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ball and roller bearings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332991, Ball and Roller 

Bearing Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing gears, speed changers, and industrial high-speed drives (except hydrostatic)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 333612, Speed Changer, Industrial High-Speed Drive, and Gear 

Manufacturing. 

333618 Other Engine Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing internal combustion 

engines (except automotive gasoline and aircraft). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing gasoline motor vehicle engines and motor vehicle transmissions--are classified in 

Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gasoline aircraft engines and aircraft transmissions--are classified in Industry 

33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing turbine and turbine generator sets units--are classified in U.S. Industry 333611, 

Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing speed changers and industrial high-speed drivers and gears--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333612, Speed Changer, Industrial High-Speed Drive, and Gear Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mechanical power transmission equipment (except motor vehicle and aircraft)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 333613, Mechanical Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing. 

3339 Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing 

33391 Pump and Compressor Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pumps and compressors, 

such as general purpose air and gas compressors, nonagricultural spraying and dusting equipment, general 

purpose pumps and pumping equipment (except fluid power pumps and motors), and measuring and 

dispensing pumps. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid power pumps and motors and handheld pneumatic spray guns--are classified 

in Industry 33399, All Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing agricultural spraying and dusting equipment--are classified in Industry 33311, 

Agricultural Implement Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laboratory vacuum pumps--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment 

and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pumps and air-conditioning systems and compressors for motor vehicles--are 

classified in Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing air-conditioning systems and compressors (except motor vehicle)--are classified in 

Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing. 

333911 Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing general purpose pumps 

and pumping equipment (except fluid power pumps and motors), such as reciprocating pumps, turbine 

pumps, centrifugal pumps, rotary pumps, diaphragm pumps, domestic water system pumps, oil well and oil 

field pumps and sump pumps. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing fluid power pumps and motors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333996, Fluid 

Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing measuring and dispensing pumps--are classified in U.S. Industry 333913, 

Measuring and Dispensing Pump Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vacuum pumps (except laboratory)--are classified in U.S. Industry 333912, Air and 

Gas Compressor Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laboratory vacuum pumps--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical 

Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing fluid pumps for motor vehicles, such as oil pumps, water pumps, and power 

steering pumps--are classified in Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing. 

333912 Air and Gas Compressor Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing general purpose air and 

gas compressors, such as reciprocating compressors, centrifugal compressors, vacuum pumps (except 

laboratory), and nonagricultural spraying and dusting compressors and spray gun units. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing refrigeration and air-conditioning (except motor vehicle) systems and compressors-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and 

Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336391, Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fluid power pumps and motors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333996, Fluid 

Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing agricultural spraying and dusting equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333111, Farm Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laboratory vacuum pumps--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical 

Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing handheld pneumatic spray guns--are classified in U.S. Industry 333991, PowerDriven Handtool Manufacturing. 

333913 Measuring and Dispensing Pump Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing measuring and 

dispensing pumps, such as gasoline pumps and lubricating oil measuring and dispensing pumps. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pumps and pumping equipment for general industrial 

use are classified in U.S. Industry 333911, Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing. 

33392 Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing material handling equipment, 

such as elevators and moving stairs; conveyors and conveying equipment; overhead traveling cranes, 

hoists, and monorail systems; and industrial trucks, tractors, trailers, and stacker machinery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle-type trailers--are classified in Industry 33621, Motor Vehicle Body 

and Trailer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing farm-type tractors--are classified in Industry 33311, Agricultural Implement 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing construction-type tractors and cranes--are classified in Industry 33312, 

Construction Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing power transmission pulleys--are classified in Industry 33361, Engine, Turbine, and 

Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing. 

333921 Elevator and Moving Stairway Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing elevators and moving 

stairways. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automobile lifts (i.e., garage-type, service station) manufacturing 

Moving walkways manufacturing 

Escalators manufacturing 

Passenger and freight elevators manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial conveyor systems and equipment are 

classified in U.S. Industry 333922, Conveyor and Conveying Equipment Manufacturing. 

333922 Conveyor and Conveying Equipment Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing conveyors and 

conveying equipment, such as gravity conveyors, trolley conveyors, tow conveyors, pneumatic tube 

conveyors, carousel conveyors, farm conveyors, and belt conveyors. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing passenger or freight elevators, dumbwaiters, and moving stairways--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 333921, Elevator and Moving Stairway Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing overhead traveling cranes and monorail systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333923, Overhead Traveling Crane, Hoist, and Monorail System Manufacturing. 

333923 Overhead Traveling Crane, Hoist, and Monorail System Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing overhead traveling 

cranes, hoists, and monorail systems. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aerial work platforms manufacturing 

Metal pulleys (except power transmission) manufacturing 

Automobile wrecker (i.e., tow truck) hoists manufacturing 

Winches manufacturing 

Block and tackle manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing construction-type cranes--are classified in Industry 333120, Construction 

Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing aircraft loading hoists--are classified in U.S. Industry 333924, Industrial Truck, 

Tractor, Trailer, and Stacker Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing power transmission pulleys--are classified in U.S. Industry 333613, Mechanical 

Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing. 

333924 Industrial Truck, Tractor, Trailer, and Stacker Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial trucks, 

tractors, trailers, and stackers (i.e., truck-type) such as forklifts, pallet loaders and unloaders, and portable 

loading docks. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle-type trailers--are classified in Industry 33621, Motor Vehicle Body 

and Trailer Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing farm-type tractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333111, Farm Machinery and 

Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing construction-type tractors--are classified in Industry 333120, Construction 

Machinery Manufacturing. 

33399 All Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing general purpose machinery 

(except ventilation, heating, air-conditioning, and commercial refrigeration equipment; metal working 

machinery; engines, turbines, and power transmission equipment; pumps and compressors; and material 

handling equipment). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Automatic fire sprinkler systems manufacturing 

Industrial-type furnaces manufacturing 

Bridge and gate lifting machinery manufacturing 

Packaging machinery manufacturing 

Fluid power cylinders manufacturing 

Power-driven handtools manufacturing 

Fluid power pumps manufacturing 

Scales manufacturing 

Hydraulic and pneumatic jacks manufacturing 

Welding equipment manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ventilating, heating, air-conditioning (except motor vehicle), commercial 

refrigeration, and furnace filters--are classified in Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, AirConditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metalworking machinery--are classified in Industry Group 3335, Metalworking 

Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing engine, turbine, and power transmission equipment--are classified in Industry 

Group 3336, Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing pumps and compressors--are classified in Industry 33391, Pump and Compressor 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing material handling equipment--are classified in Industry 33392, Material Handling 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors, engine filters, and 

pumps--are classified in Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal cutting and metal forming machinery--are classified in Industry 33351, 

Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power driven heavy construction and mining hand operated tools, such as tampers 

and augers--are classified in Industries 33312, Construction Machinery Manufacturing and 33313, 

Mining and Oil and Gas Field Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing bakery ovens and industrial kilns, such as cement, wood, and chemical--are 

classified in Industry 33329, Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing mechanical jacks, handheld soldering irons, countersink bits, drill bits, router bits, 

milling cutters, and other machine tools for woodcutting--are classified in Industry 33221, Cutlery 

and Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carnival amusement park equipment, automotive maintenance equipment, and 

coin-operated vending machines--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service 

Industry Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing transformers for arc-welding--are classified in Industry 33531, Electrical 

Equipment Manufacturing. 

333991 Power-Driven Handtool Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing power-driven (e.g., 

battery, corded, pneumatic) handtools, such as drills, screwguns, circular saws, chain saws, staplers, and 

nailers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing metal cutting-type and metal forming-type machines (including home workshop)--

are classified in Industry 33351, Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing countersink bits, drill bits, router bits, milling cutters, and other machine tools for 

woodcutting--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power-driven heavy construction or mining hand operated tools, such as tampers, 

jackhammers, and augers--are classified in U.S. Industry 333120, Construction Machinery 

Manufacturing and U.S. Industry 33313, Mining and Oil and Gas Field Machinery Manufacturing; 

and 

 Manufacturing powered home lawn and garden equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333112, 

Lawn and Garden Tractor and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment Manufacturing. 

333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing welding and soldering 

equipment and accessories (except transformers), such as arc, resistance, gas, plasma, laser, electron beam, 

and ultrasonic welding equipment; welding electrodes; coated or cored welding wire; and soldering 

equipment (except handheld). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing handheld soldering irons--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge 

Tool Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing transformers for arc-welding--are classified in U.S. Industry 335311, Power, 

Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing. 

333993 Packaging Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing packaging machinery, 

such as wrapping, bottling, canning, and labeling machinery. 

333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial process 

ovens, induction and dielectric heating equipment, and kilns (except cement, chemical, wood). Included in 

this industry are establishments manufacturing laboratory furnaces and ovens. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing bakery ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 333294, Food Product Machinery 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cement, wood, and chemical kilns--are classified in U.S. Industry 333298, All 

Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cremating ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 333999, All Other Miscellaneous 

General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing. 

333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fluid power (i.e., 

hydraulic and pneumatic) cylinders and actuators. 

333996 Fluid Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fluid power (i.e., 

hydraulic and pneumatic) pumps and motors. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing fluid pumps for motor vehicles, such as oil pumps, water pumps, and power 

steering pumps--are classified in Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing general purpose pumps (except fluid power)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333911, Pump and Pumping Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing air compressors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333912, Air and Gas Compressor 

Manufacturing. 

333997 Scale and Balance Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing scales and balances, 

including those used in laboratories. 

333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing general purpose 

machinery (except ventilating, heating, air-conditioning, and commercial refrigeration equipment; metal 

working machinery; engines, turbines, and power transmission equipment; pumps and compressors; 

material handling equipment; power-driven handtools; welding and soldering equipment; packaging 

machinery; industrial process furnaces and ovens; fluid power cylinders and actuators; fluid power pumps 

and motors; and scales and balances). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automatic fire sprinkler systems manufacturing 

General purpose-type sieves and screening equipment manufacturing 

Baling machinery (e.g., paper, scrap metal) manufacturing 

Hydraulic and pneumatic jacks manufacturing 

Bridge and gate lifting machinery manufacturing 

Industrial and general line filters (except internal combustion engine, warm air furnace) manufacturing 

Cremating ovens manufacturing 

Centrifuges, industrial- and laboratory-type, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ventilating, heating, air-conditioning (except motor vehicle), and commercial 

refrigeration--are classified in Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and 

Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336391, Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing material handling equipment--are classified in Industry 33392, Material Handling 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing power-driven handtools--are classified in U.S. Industry 333991, Power-Driven 

Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing welding and soldering equipment (except handheld soldering irons)--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 333992, Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing packaging machinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 333993, Packaging 

Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing bakery ovens and cement, wood, and chemical kilns--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333298, All Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial process furnaces and ovens (except bakery)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333994, Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fluid power cylinders and actuators--are classified in U.S. Industry 333995, Fluid 

Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fluid power pumps and motors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333996, Fluid 

Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing scales and balances--are classified in U.S. Industry 333997, Scale and Balance 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carnival and amusement park equipment, automotive maintenance equipment and 

coin-operated vending machines--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service 

Industry Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle engine filters and pumps--are classified in Industry Group 3363, 

Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mechanical jacks--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool 

Manufacturing. 

334 Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing subsector group establishments that 

manufacture computers, computer peripherals, communications equipment, and similar electronic products, 

and establishments that manufacture components for such products. The Computer and Electronic Product 

Manufacturing industries have been combined in the hierarchy of NAICS because of the economic 

significance they have attained. Their rapid growth suggests that they will become even more important to 

the economies of all three North American countries in the future, and in addition their manufacturing 

processes are fundamentally different from the manufacturing processes of other machinery and equipment. 

The design and use of integrated circuits and the application of highly specialized miniaturization 

technologies are common elements in the production technologies of the computer and electronic 

subsector. Convergence of technology motivates this NAICS subsector. Digitalization of sound recording, 

for example, causes both the medium (the compact disc) and the equipment to resemble the technologies 

for recording, storing, transmitting, and manipulating data. Communications technology and equipment 

have been converging with computer technology. When technologically-related components are in the 

same sector, it makes it easier to adjust the classification for future changes, without needing to redefine its 

basic structure. The creation of the Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing subsector assists in 

delineating new and emerging industries because the activities that will serve as the probable sources of 

new industries, such as computer manufacturing and communications equipment manufacturing, or 

computers and audio equipment, are brought together. As new activities emerge, they are less likely 

therefore, to cross the subsector boundaries of the classification. 

3341 Computer and Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing 

33411 Computer and Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or assembling electronic 

computers, such as mainframes, personal computers, workstations, laptops, and computer servers; and 

computer peripheral equipment, such as storage devices, printers, monitors, input/output devices and 

terminals. Computers can be analog, digital, or hybrid. Digital computers, the most common type, are 

devices that do all of the following: (1) store the processing program or programs and the data immediately 

necessary for the execution of the program; (2) can be freely programmed in accordance with the 

requirements of the user; (3) perform arithmetical computations specified by the user; and (4) execute, 

without human intervention, a processing program that requires the computer to modify its execution by 

logical decision during the processing run. Analog computers are capable of simulating mathematical 

models and comprise at least analog, control, and programming elements. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing digital telecommunications switches, local area network and wide area network 

communications equipment, such as bridges, routers, and gateways--are classified in Industry 

33421, Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing blank magnetic and optical recording media--are classified in Industry 33461, 

Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media; 
 Manufacturing machinery or equipment that incorporate electronic computers for operation or 

control purposes and embedded control applications--are classified in the Manufacturing sector 

based on the classification of the complete machinery or equipment; 

 Manufacturing external audio speakers for computer use--are classified in Industry 33431, Audio 

and Video Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing internal loaded printed circuit board devices, such as sound, video, controller, and 

network interface cards; internal and external computer modems; and semiconductor storage 

devices--are classified in Industry 33441, Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other parts, such as casings, stampings, cable sets, and switches, for computers, 

storage devices and other peripheral equipment--are classified in the Manufacturing sector based 

on their associated production processes. 

334111 Electronic Computer Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or assembling 

electronic computers, such as mainframes, personal computers, workstations, laptops, and computer 

servers. Computers can be analog, digital, or hybrid. Digital computers, the most common type, are 

devices that do all of the following: (1) store the processing program or programs and the data immediately 

necessary for the execution of the program; (2) can be freely programmed in accordance with the 

requirements of the user; (3) perform arithmetical computations specified by the user; and (4) execute, 

without human intervention, a processing program that requires the computer to modify its execution by 

logical decision during the processing run. Analog computers are capable of simulating mathematical 

models and contain at least analog, control, and programming elements. The manufacture of computers 

includes the assembly or integration of processors, coprocessors, memory, storage, and input/output 

devices into a user-programmable final product. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing digital telecommunications switches, local area network and wide area network 

communication equipment, such as bridges, routers, and gateways--are classified in Industry 

334210, Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing blank magnetic and optical recording media--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334613, Magnetic and Optical Recording Media Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing machinery or equipment that incorporates electronic computers for operation or 

control purposes and embedded control applications--are classified in the Manufacturing sector 

based on the classification of the complete machinery or equipment; 

 Manufacturing internal, loaded, printed circuit board devices, such as sound, video, controller, and 

network interface cards; internal and external computer modems; and solid state storage devices 

for computers--are classified in Industry 33441, Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing other parts, such as casings, stampings, cable sets, and switches, for computers--are 

classified in the Manufacturing sector based on their associated production processes; and 

 Retailing computers with on-site assembly--are classified in Industry 443120, Computer and 

Software Stores. 

334112 Computer Storage Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing computer storage 

devices that allow the storage and retrieval of data from a phase change, magnetic, optical, or 

magnetic/optical media. Examples of products made by these establishments are CD-ROM drives, floppy 

disk drives, hard disk drives, and tape storage and backup units. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing blank magnetic and optical recording media--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334613, Magnetic and Optical Recording Media Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing semiconductor storage devices, such as memory chips--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334413, Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing drive controller cards, internal or external to the storage device--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 334418, Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other parts, such as casings, stampings, cable sets, and switches, for computer 

storage devices—are classified in the Manufacturing sector based on their associated production 

processes. 

334113 Computer Terminal Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing computer terminals. 

Computer terminals are input/output devices that connect with a central computer for processing. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing point-of-sale terminals, funds transfer, automatic teller machines, and monitors--

are classified in U.S. Industry 334119, Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing internal loaded printed circuit board devices, such as sound, video, controller, and 

network interface cards for computer terminals--are classified in U.S. Industry 334418, Printed 

Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other parts, such as casings, stampings, cable sets, and switches, for computer 

terminals--are classified in the Manufacturing sector based on their associated production 

processes. 

334119 Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing computer peripheral 

equipment (except storage devices and computer terminals). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automatic teller machines (ATM) manufacturing 

Optical readers and scanners manufacturing 

Joystick devices manufacturing 

Plotters, computer, manufacturing 

Keyboards, computer peripheral equipment, manufacturing 

Point-of-sale terminals, manufacturing 

Monitors, computer peripheral equipment, manufacturing 

Printers, computer, manufacturing 

Mouse devices, computer peripheral equipment, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing local area network and wide area network communications equipment, such as 

bridges, routers, and gateways--are classified in Industry 334210, Telephone Apparatus 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing computer storage devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 334112, Computer 

Storage Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing computer terminals--are classified in U.S. Industry 334113, Computer Terminal 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing external audio speakers for computer use--are classified in Industry 334310, Audio 

and Video Equipment Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing internal, loaded, printed circuit board devices, such as sound, video, controller, and 

network interface cards; and internal and external computer modems used as computer 

peripherals--are classified in U.S. Industry 334418, Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic 

Assembly) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other parts, such as casings, stampings, cable sets, and switches, for computer 

peripheral equipment--are classified in the Manufacturing sector based on their associated 

production processes. 

3342 Communications Equipment Manufacturing 

33421 Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 334210 below. 

 

334210 Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wire telephone and data 

communications equipment. These products may be standalone or board-level components of a larger 

system. Examples of products made by these establishments are central office switching equipment, 

cordless telephones (except cellular), PBX equipment, telephones, telephone answering machines, LAN 

modems, multi-user modems, and other data communications equipment, such as bridges, routers, and 

gateways. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing internal and external computer modems, single-user fax/modems and electronic 

components used in telephone apparatus--are classified in Industry 33441, Semiconductor and 

Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing cellular telephones--are classified in Industry 334220, Radio and Television 

Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing. 

33422 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment 

Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 334220 below. 

334220 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment 

Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing radio and television 

broadcast and wireless communications equipment. Examples of products made by these establishments 

are: transmitting and receiving antennas, cable television equipment, GPS equipment, pagers, cellular 

phones, mobile communications equipment, and radio and television studio and broadcasting equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing household-type audio and video equipment, such as televisions and radio sets--are 

classified in Industry 334310, Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wired and nonwired intercommunications equipment (i.e., intercoms)--are 

classified in Industry 334290, Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing equipment for measuring and testing communications signals--are classified in 

Industry 334515, Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical 

Signals. 

33429 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 334290 below. 
334290 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing communications equipment 

(except telephone apparatus, and radio and television broadcast, and wireless communications equipment). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fire detection and alarm systems manufacturing 

Signals (e.g., highway, pedestrian, railway, traffic) manufacturing 

Intercom systems and equipment manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing telephone apparatus--are classified in Industry 334210, Telephone Apparatus 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing radio and television broadcast and wireless communications equipment--are 

classified in Industry 334220, Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications 

Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing automobile audio and related equipment--are classified in Industry 334310, Audio 

and Video Equipment Manufacturing. 

3343 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing 

33431 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 334310 below. 

334310 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic audio and video 

equipment for home entertainment, motor vehicles, and public address and musical instrument 

amplification. Examples of products made by these establishments are video cassette recorders, 

televisions, stereo equipment, speaker systems, household-type video cameras, jukeboxes, and amplifiers 

for musical instruments and public address systems. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing telephone answering machines--are classified in Industry 334210, Telephone 

Apparatus Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing photographic (i.e., still and motion picture) equipment--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333315, Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing phonograph needles and cartridges--are classified in Industry 33441, 

Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing auto theft alarms--are classified in Industry 334290, Other Communications 

Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing mobile radios, such as citizens band and FM transceivers for household or motor 

vehicle uses; studio and broadcast video cameras; and cable decoders and satellite television 

equipment--are classified in Industry 334220, Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless 

Communications Equipment Manufacturing. 

3344 Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing 

33441 Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing semiconductors and other 

components for electronic applications. Examples of products made by these establishments are capacitors, 
resistors, microprocessors, bare and loaded printed circuit boards, electron tubes, electronic connectors, and 

computer modems. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing X-ray tubes--are classified in Industry 33451, Navigational, Measuring, 

Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass blanks for electron tubes--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing telephone system components or modules--are classified in Industry 33421, 

Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing finished products that incorporate loaded printed circuit boards--are classified in 

the Manufacturing sector based on the production process of making the final product; 

 Manufacturing communications antennas--are classified in Industry 33422, Radio and Television 

Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing coils, switches, transformers, connectors, capacitors, rheostats, and similar devices 

for electrical applications--are classified in Subsector 335, Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and 

Component Manufacturing. 

334411 Electron Tube Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electron tubes and parts 

(except glass blanks). Examples of products made by these establishments are cathode ray tubes (i.e., 

picture tubes), klystron tubes, magnetron tubes, and traveling wave tubes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing X-ray tubes--are classified in U.S. Industry 334517, Irradiation Apparatus 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing glass blanks for electron tubes--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing. 

334412 Bare Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bare (i.e., rigid or 

flexible) printed circuit boards without mounted electronic components. These establishments print, 

perforate, plate, screen, etch, or photoprint interconnecting pathways for electric current on laminates. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Loading components onto printed circuit boards, or whose output is loaded printed circuit boards--

are classified in U.S. Industry 334418, Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing printed circuit laminates--are classified in U.S. Industry 334419, Other Electronic 

Component Manufacturing. 

334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing semiconductors and 

related solid state devices. Examples of products made by these establishments are integrated circuits, 

memory chips, microprocessors, diodes, transistors, solar cells and other optoelectronic devices. 

334414 Electronic Capacitor Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic fixed and 

variable capacitors and condensers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrical capacitors for power generation and 

distribution, heavy industrial equipment, induction heating and melting, and similar industrial applications 

are classified in U.S. Industry 335999, All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component 

Manufacturing. 

334415 Electronic Resistor Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic resistors, 

such as fixed and variable resistors, resistor networks, thermistors, and varistors. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic rheostats are classified in U.S. Industry 

334419, Other Electronic Component Manufacturing. 

334416 Electronic Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic inductors, 

such as coils and transformers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrical transformers used in the generation, 

storage, transmission, transformation, distribution, and utilization of electrical energy are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335311, Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing. 

334417 Electronic Connector Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic connectors, 

such as coaxial, cylindrical, rack and panel, pin and sleeve, printed circuit and fiber optic. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrical connectors, such as plugs, bus bars, twist 

on wire connectors and terminals, are classified in U.S. Industry 335931, Current-Carrying Wiring Device 

Manufacturing. 

334418 Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in loading components onto printed 

circuit boards or who manufacture and ship loaded printed circuit boards. Also known as printed circuit 

assemblies, electronics assemblies, or modules, these products are printed circuit boards that have some or 

all of the semiconductor and electronic components inserted or mounted and are inputs to a wide variety of 

electronic systems and devices. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing printed circuit laminates--are classified in U.S. Industry 334419, Other Electronic 

Component Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing bare printed circuit boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 334412, Bare Printed 

Circuit Board Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing telephone system components or modules--are classified in Industry 334210, 

Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing finished products that incorporate loaded printed circuit boards--are classified in 

the Manufacturing sector based on the production process of making the final product. 

334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic components 

(except electron tubes; bare printed circuit boards; semiconductors and related devices; electronic 

capacitors; electronic resistors; coils, transformers and other inductors; connectors; and loaded printed 

circuit boards). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Crystals and crystal assemblies, electronic, manufacturing 

Printed circuit laminates manufacturing 

LCD (liquid crystal display) unit screens manufacturing 

Switches for electronic applications manufacturing 

Microwave components manufacturing 

Transducers (except pressure) manufacturing 

Piezolelectric devices manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing electron tubes--are classified in U.S. Industry 334411, Electron Tube 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing bare printed circuit boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 334412, Bare Printed 

Circuit Board Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing semiconductors, photonic integrated circuits, and/or silicon wave guides--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 334413, Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic capacitors--are classified in U.S. Industry 334414, Electronic Capacitor 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic resistors--are classified in U.S. Industry 334415, Electronic Resistor 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic inductors--are classified in U.S. Industry 334416, Electronic Coil, 

Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic connectors--are classified in U.S. Industry 334417, Electronic Connector 

Manufacturing; 

 Loading components onto printed circuit boards or whose output is loaded printed circuit boards--

are classified in U.S. Industry 334418, Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing communications antennas--are classified in Industry 334220, Radio and Television 

Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing. 

3345 Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing 

33451 Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing navigational, measuring, 

electromedical, and control instruments. Examples of products made by these establishments are 

aeronautical instruments, appliance regulators and controls (except switches), laboratory analytical 

instruments, navigation and guidance systems, and physical properties testing equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing global positioning system (GPS) equipment--are classified in Industry 33422, 

Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor control switches and relays (including timing relays)--are classified in 

Industry 33531, Electrical Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing switches for appliances--are classified in Industry 33593, Wiring Device 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing optical instruments--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service 

Industry Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass watch and clock crystals--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics watch and clock crystals--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing medical thermometers and other nonelectrical medical apparatus--are classified in 

Industry Group 3391, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing. 

334510 Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electromedical and 

electrotherapeutic apparatus, such as magnetic resonance imaging equipment, medical ultrasound 

equipment, pacemakers, hearing aids, electrocardiographs, and electromedical endoscopic equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing medical irradiation apparatus--are classified in U.S. Industry 334517, Irradiation 

Apparatus Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing nonelectrical medical and therapeutic apparatus--are classified in Industry Group 

3391, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing. 

334511 Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and Instrument 

Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing search, detection, 

navigation, guidance, aeronautical, and nautical systems and instruments. Examples of products made by 

these establishments are aircraft instruments (except engine), flight recorders, navigational instruments and 

systems, radar systems and equipment, and sonar systems and equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing global positioning system (GPS) equipment--are classified in Industry 334220, 

Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing aircraft engine instruments and meteorological systems and equipment--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 334519, Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing. 

334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and 

Appliance Use US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing automatic controls and 

regulators for applications, such as heating, air-conditioning, refrigeration and appliances. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing industrial process controls--are classified in U.S. Industry 334513, Instruments and 

Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process 

Variables; 
 Manufacturing motor control switches and relays--are classified in U.S. Industry 335314, Relay 

and Industrial Control Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing switches for appliances--are classified in U.S. Industry 335931, Current-Carrying 

Wiring Device Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing appliance timers--are classified in U.S. Industry 334518, Watch, Clock, and Part 

Manufacturing. 

334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and 

Controlling Industrial Process Variables US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing instruments and related 

devices for measuring, displaying, indicating, recording, transmitting, and controlling industrial process 

variables. These instruments measure, display or control (monitor, analyze, and so forth) industrial process 

variables, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, vacuum, combustion, flow, level, viscosity, density, 

acidity, concentration, and rotation. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing instruments for measuring or testing of electricity and electrical signals--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 334515, Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing 

Electricity and Electrical Signals; 

 Manufacturing medical thermometers--are classified in U.S. Industry 339112, Surgical and 

Medical Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glass hydrometers and thermometers for other nonmedical uses--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 334519, Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing instruments and instrumentation systems for laboratory analysis of samples--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 334516, Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing optical alignment and display instruments, optical comparators, and optical test and 

inspection equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333314, Optical Instrument and Lens 

Manufacturing. 

334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing totalizing (i.e., 

registering) fluid meters and counting devices. Examples of products made by these establishments are gas 

consumption meters, water consumption meters, parking meters, taxi meters, motor vehicle gauges, and 

fare collection equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing integrating meters and counters for measuring the characteristics of electricity and 

electrical signals--are classified in U.S. Industry 334515, Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring 

and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; and 

 Manufacturing instruments and devices that measure, display, or control (i.e., monitor or analyze) 

related industrial process variables--are classified in U.S. Industry 334513, Instruments and 

Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process 

Variables. 

334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing instruments for 

measuring and testing the characteristics of electricity and electrical signals. Examples of products made 

by these establishments are circuit and continuity testers, voltmeters, ohm meters, wattmeters, multimeters, 

and semiconductor test equipment. 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic monitoring, evaluating, and other 

electronic support equipment for navigational, radar, and sonar systems are classified in U.S. Industry 

334511, Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and Instrument 

Manufacturing. 

334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing instruments and 

instrumentation systems for laboratory analysis of the chemical or physical composition or concentration of 

samples of solid, fluid, gaseous, or composite material. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing instruments for monitoring and analyzing continuous samples from medical 

patients--are classified in U.S. Industry 334510, Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing instruments and related devices that measure, display, or control (i.e., monitor or 

analyze) industrial process variables--are classified in U.S. Industry 334513, Instruments and 

Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process 

Variables. 

334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing irradiation apparatus 

and tubes for applications, such as medical diagnostic, medical therapeutic, industrial, research and 

scientific evaluation. Irradiation can take the form of beta-rays, gamma-rays, X-rays, or other ionizing 

radiation. 

334518 Watch, Clock, and Part Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or assembling: 

clocks; watches; timing mechanisms for clockwork operated devices; time clocks; time and date recording 

devices; and clock and watch parts (except crystals), such as springs, jewels, and modules. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glass watch and clock crystals--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics watch and clock crystals--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing timing relays--are classified in U.S. Industry 335314, Relay and Industrial Control 

Manufacturing. 

334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing measuring and 

controlling devices (except search, detection, navigation, guidance, aeronautical, and nautical instruments 

and systems; automatic environmental controls for residential, commercial, and appliance use; instruments 

for measurement, display, and control of industrial process variables; totalizing fluid meters and counting 

devices; instruments for measuring and testing electricity and electrical signals; analytical laboratory 

instruments; watches, clocks, and parts; irradiation equipment; and electromedical and electrotherapeutic 

apparatus). 

Illustrative Examples: 
Aircraft engine instruments manufacturing 

Polygraph machines manufacturing 

Automotive emissions testing equipment manufacturing 

Radiation detection and monitoring instruments manufacturing 

Meteorological instruments manufacturing 

Surveying instruments manufacturing 

Physical properties testing and inspection equipment manufacturing 

Thermometers, liquid-in-glass and bimetal types (except medical), manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing medical thermometers--are classified in U.S. Industry 339112, Surgical and 

Medical Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing search, detection, navigation, guidance, aeronautical, and nautical systems and 

instruments--are classified in U.S. Industry 334511, Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, 

Aeronautical, and Nautical System and Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing automatic controls and regulators for applications, such as heating, airconditioning, refrigeration and appliances--are classified in U.S. Industry 334512, Automatic 

Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use; 

 Manufacturing instruments and related devices that measure, display, or control (i.e., monitor or 

analyze) industrial process variables--are classified in U.S. Industry 334513, Instruments and 

Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process 

Variables; 

 Manufacturing totalizing (i.e., registering) fluid meters and counting devices, including motor 

vehicle gauges--are classified in U.S. Industry 334514, Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting 

Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing instruments for measuring and testing the characteristics of electricity and 

electrical signals--are classified in U.S. Industry 334515, Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring 

and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals; 

 Manufacturing instruments for laboratory analysis of the physical composition or concentration of 

samples of solid, fluid, gaseous, or composite materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 334516, 

Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing and/or assembling watches, clocks, or parts--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334518, Watch, Clock, and Part Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing X-ray apparatus, tubes, or related irradiation apparatus--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334517, Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing electromedical and electrotherapeutic apparatus--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334510, Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing. 

3346 Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media 

33461 Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing optical and magnetic 

media, such as blank audio tape, blank video tape, and blank diskettes and/or (2) mass duplicating (i.e., 

making copies) audio, video, software, and other data on magnetic, optical, and similar media. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Designing, developing, and publishing prepackaged software--are classified in Industry 51121, 

Software Publishers; and 

 Audio, motion picture and/or video production and/or distribution--are classified in Subsector 512, 

Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries. 
334611 Software Reproducing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in mass reproducing computer software. 

These establishments do not generally develop any software. They mass reproduce data and programs on 

magnetic or optical media, such as CD-ROMs, diskettes, tapes, or cartridges. This industry includes 

establishments that mass reproduce game cartridges. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in designing, developing, and publishing prepackaged software are 

classified in Industry 511210, Software Publishers. 

334612 Prerecorded Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in mass reproducing audio and video 

material on magnetic or optical media. Examples of products mass reproduced by these establishments are 

prerecorded audio compact discs, audio and video cassettes, and digital video discs (DVDs). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Designing, developing, and publishing prepackaged software--are classified in Industry 511210, 

Software Publishers; 

 Audio, motion picture and/or video production and/or distribution--are classified in Subsector 512, 

Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries; and 

 Manufacturing blank audio and video tape, blank diskettes, and blank optical discs--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 334613, Magnetic and Optical Recording Media Manufacturing. 

334613 Magnetic and Optical Recording Media Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing magnetic and optical 

recording media, such as blank magnetic tape, blank diskettes, blank optical discs, hard drive media, and 

blank magnetic tape cassettes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mass reproducing computer software--are classified in U.S. Industry 334611, Software 

Reproducing; and 

 Mass reproducing audio and video material--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, Prerecorded 

Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing. 

335 Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing subsector manufacture 

products that generate, distribute and use electrical power. Electric Lighting Equipment Manufacturing 

establishments produce electric lamp bulbs, lighting fixtures, and parts. Household Appliance 

Manufacturing establishments make both small and major electrical appliances and parts. Electrical 

Equipment Manufacturing establishments make goods, such as electric motors, generators, transformers, 

and switchgear apparatus. Other Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing establishments 

make devices for storing electrical power (e.g., batteries), for transmitting electricity (e.g., insulated wire), 

and wiring devices (e.g., electrical outlets, fuse boxes, and light switches). 

3351 Electric Lighting Equipment Manufacturing 

33511 Electric Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 335110 below. 
335110 Electric Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric light bulbs and tubes, 

and parts and components (except glass blanks for electric light bulbs). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glass blanks for electric light bulbs--are classified in U.S. Industry 327212, Other 

Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vehicular lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 336321, Vehicular 

Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing light emitting diodes (LEDs)--are classified in U.S. Industry 334413, 

Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other lighting fixtures (except vehicular)--are classified in Industry 33512, 

Lighting Fixture Manufacturing. 

33512 Lighting Fixture Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric lighting fixtures 

(except vehicular), nonelectric lighting equipment, lamp shades (except glass and plastics), and lighting 

fixture components (except current-carrying wiring devices). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing vehicular lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 33632, Motor Vehicle 

Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric light bulbs, tubes, and parts--are classified in Industry 33511, Electric 

Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying wiring devices for lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 

33593, Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ceiling fans or bath fans with integrated lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 

33521, Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics lamp shades--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing glassware and glass parts for lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 32721, 

Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing signaling devices that incorporate electric light bulbs, such as traffic and railway 

signals--are classified in Industry 33429, Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing. 

335121 Residential Electric Lighting Fixture Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fixed or portable 

residential electric lighting fixtures and lamp shades of metal, paper, or textiles. Residential electric 

lighting fixtures include those for use both inside and outside the residence. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Ceiling lighting fixtures, residential, manufacturing 

Table lamps (i.e., lighting fixtures) manufacturing 

Chandeliers, residential, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glassware for residential lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass 

and Glass Product Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing plastics lamp shades--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric light bulbs, tubes, and parts--are classified in Industry 335110, Electric 

Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ceiling fans or bath fans with integrated lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying wiring devices for lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 

335931, Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial, industrial, and institutional electric lighting fixtures--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 335122, Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Electric Lighting Fixture 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other lighting fixtures, such as street lights, flashlights, and nonelectric lighting 

fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 335129, Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing. 

335122 Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Electric Lighting Fixture Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial, industrial, 

and institutional electric lighting fixtures. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glassware for commercial, industrial, and institutional electric lighting fixtures--are 

classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing residential electric lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 335121, 

Residential Electric Lighting Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying wiring devices for lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 

335931, Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vehicular lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 336321, Vehicular 

Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric light bulbs, tubes, and parts--are classified in Industry 335110, Electric 

Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing other lighting fixtures, such as street lights, flashlights, and nonelectric lighting 

equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 335129, Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing. 

335129 Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric lighting fixtures 

(except residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, and vehicular electric lighting fixtures) and 

nonelectric lighting equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Christmas tree lighting sets, electric, manufacturing 

Lanterns (e.g., carbide, electric, gas, gasoline, kerosene) manufacturing 

Fireplace logs, electric, manufacturing 

Spotlights (except vehicular) manufacturing 

Flashlights manufacturing 

Street lighting fixtures (except traffic signals) manufacturing 

Insect lamps, electric, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing glassware for lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing electric light bulbs, tubes, and parts--are classified in Industry 335110, Electric 

Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying wiring devices for lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 

335931, Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing residential electric lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 335121, 

Residential Electric Lighting Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial, industrial, and institutional electric lighting fixtures--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 335122, Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional Electric Lighting Fixture 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vehicular lighting fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 336321, Vehicular 

Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing signaling devices that incorporate electric light bulbs, such as traffic and railway 

signals--are classified in Industry 334290, Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing. 

3352 Household Appliance Manufacturing 

33521 Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing small electric appliances and 

electric housewares, household-type fans, household-type vacuum cleaners, and other electric householdtype floor care machines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing room air-conditioners, attic fans, wall and baseboard heating units for permanent 

installation, and commercial ventilation and exhaust fans--are classified in Industry 33341, 

Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial, industrial, and institutional vacuum cleaners, and mechanical carpet 

sweepers--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service Industry Machinery 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing major household-type appliances, such as washing machines, dryers, stoves, and 

hot water heaters--are classified in Industry 33522, Major Appliance Manufacturing; and 

 Installing central vacuum cleaning systems--are classified in Industry 23829, Other Building 

Equipment Contractors. 

335211 Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing small electric 

appliances and electric housewares for heating, cooking, and other purposes, and electric household-type 

fans (except attic fans). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bath fans, residential, manufacturing 

Portable electric space heaters manufacturing 

Ceiling fans, residential, manufacturing 

Portable hair dryers, electric, manufacturing 

Curling irons, household-type electric, manufacturing 

Portable humidifiers and dehumidifiers manufacturing 

Electronic blankets manufacturing 

Scissors, electric, manufacturing 

Portable cooking appliances (except microwave, convection ovens), household-type electric, manufacturing 

Ventilating and exhaust fans (except attic fans), household-type, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing attic fans--are classified in U.S. Industry 333412, Industrial and Commercial Fan 

and Blower Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wall and baseboard heating units for permanent installation--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333414, Heating Equipment (except Warm Air Furnaces) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing room air-conditioners--are classified in U.S. Industry 333415, Air-Conditioning 

and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing microwave and convection ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 335221, 

Household Cooking Appliance Manufacturing. 

335212 Household Vacuum Cleaner Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric vacuum 

cleaners, electric floor waxing machines, and other electric floor care machines typically for household use. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing electric vacuum cleaners for commercial, industrial, and institutional uses, and 

mechanical carpet sweepers--are classified in U.S. Industry 333319, Other Commercial and 

Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Installing central vacuum cleaning systems--are classified in Industry 238290, Other Building 

Equipment Contractors. 

33522 Major Appliance Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type cooking 

appliances, household-type laundry equipment, household-type refrigerators, upright and chest freezers, 

and other electrical and nonelectrical major household-type appliances, such as dishwashers, water heaters, 

and garbage disposal units. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing small electric appliances and electric housewares, such as hot plates, griddles, 

toasters, and electric irons--are classified in Industry 33521, Small Electrical Appliance 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial and industrial refrigerators and freezers--are classified in Industry 

33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing commercial-type cooking equipment and commercial-type laundry, drycleaning, 

and pressing equipment--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service Industry 

Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing household-type sewing machines--are classified in Industry 33329, Other 

Industrial Machinery Manufacturing. 

335221 Household Cooking Appliance Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type electric 

and nonelectric cooking equipment (except small electric appliances and electric housewares). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing small electric appliances and electric housewares used for cooking, such as electric 

skillets, electric hot plates, electric griddles, toasters, and percolators--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing commercial-type cooking equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333319, Other 

Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing. 

335222 Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type 

refrigerators and upright and chest freezers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing commercial and industrial refrigeration equipment, 

such as refrigerators and freezers, are classified in U.S. Industry 333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air 

Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing. 

335224 Household Laundry Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type laundry 

equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing portable electric irons--are classified in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares 

and Household Fan Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing commercial-type laundry and drycleaning equipment--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 333312, Commercial Laundry, Drycleaning, and Pressing Machine Manufacturing. 

335228 Other Major Household Appliance Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric and nonelectric 

major household-type appliances (except cooking equipment, refrigerators, upright and chest freezers, and 

household-type laundry equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dishwashers, household-type, manufacturing 

Hot water heaters (including nonelectric), household-type, manufacturing 

Garbage disposal units, household-type, manufacturing 

Trash and garbage compactors, household-type, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing household-type cooking equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 335221, 

Household Cooking Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type sewing machines--are classified in U.S. Industry 333298, All Other 

Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type refrigerators and upright and chest freezers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335222, Household Refrigerator and Home Freezer Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing small electric appliances--are classified in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric 

Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing. 

3353 Electrical Equipment Manufacturing 

33531 Electrical Equipment Manufacturing
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing power, distribution, and 

specialty transformers; electric motors, generators, and motor generator sets; switchgear and switchboard 

apparatus; relays; and industrial controls. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing turbine generator set units and electric outboard motors--are classified in Industry 

33361, Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic component-type transformers and switches--are classified in Industry 

33441, Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing environmental controls and industrial process control instruments--are classified in 

Industry 33451, Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing switches for electrical circuits, such as pushbutton and snap switches--are 

classified in Industry 33593, Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing complete welding and soldering equipment--are classified in Industry 33399, All 

Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing starting motors and generators for internal combustion engines--are classified in 

Industry 33632, Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing. 

335311 Power, Distribution, and Specialty Transformer Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing power, distribution, and 

specialty transformers (except electronic components). Industrial-type and consumer-type transformers in 

this industry vary (e.g., step up or step down) voltage but do not convert alternating to direct or direct to 

alternating current. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Distribution transformers, electric, manufacturing 

Substation transformers, electric power distribution, manufacturing 

Fluorescent ballasts (i.e., transformers) manufacturing 

Transmission and distribution voltage regulators manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electronic component-type transformers are 

classified in U.S. Industry 334416, Electronic Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing. 

335312 Motor and Generator Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electric motors (except 

internal combustion engine starting motors), power generators (except battery charging alternators for 

internal combustion engines), and motor generator sets (except turbine generator set units). This industry 

includes establishments rewinding armatures on a factory basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing electric outboard motors--are classified in U.S. Industry 333618, Other Engine 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gas, steam, or hydraulic turbine generator set units--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333611, Turbine and Turbine Generator Set Units Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing starting motors and battery charging alternators for internal combustion engines--

are classified in U.S. Industry 336322, Other Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment 

Manufacturing; 
 Rewinding armatures, not on a factory basis--are classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and 

Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and 

Maintenance; and 

 Manufacturing complete welding and soldering equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 333992, 

Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing. 

335313 Switchgear and Switchboard Apparatus Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing switchgear and 

switchboard apparatus. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Circuit breakers, power, manufacturing 

Fuses, electric, manufacturing 

Control panels, electric power distribution, manufacturing 

Power switching equipment manufacturing 

Duct for electrical switchboard apparatus manufacturing 

Switches, electric power (except pushbutton, snap, solenoid, tumbler), manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing relays--are classified in U.S. Industry 335314, Relay and Industrial Control 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing switches for electronic applications--are classified in U.S. Industry 334419, Other 

Electronic Component Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing snap, pushbutton, and similar switches for electrical circuits--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335931, Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing. 

335314 Relay and Industrial Control Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing relays, motor starters 

and controllers, and other industrial controls and control accessories. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing environmental and appliance control equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334512, Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and 

Appliance Use; and 

 Manufacturing instruments for controlling industrial process variables--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334513, Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and 

Controlling Industrial Process Variables. 

3359 Other Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments manufacturing electrical equipment and components 

(except electric lighting equipment, household-type appliances, transformers, switchgear, relays, motors, 

and generators). 

33591 Battery Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing primary and storage 

batteries. 

335911 Storage Battery Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing storage batteries. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Lead acid storage batteries manufacturing 

Rechargeable nickel cadmium (NICAD) batteries manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing primary batteries are classified in U.S. Industry 

335912, Primary Battery Manufacturing. 

335912 Primary Battery Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wet or dry primary 

batteries. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Disposable flashlight batteries manufacturing 

Lithium batteries, primary, manufacturing 

Dry cells, primary (e.g., AAA, AA, C, D, 9V), manufacturing 

Watch batteries manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing storage batteries are classified in U.S. Industry 

335911, Storage Battery Manufacturing. 

33592 Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments insulating fiber-optic cable, and manufacturing insulated 

nonferrous wire and cable from nonferrous wire drawn in other establishments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Drawing nonferrous wire--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing cable sets consisting of insulated wire and various connectors for electronic 

applications--are classified in Industry 33441, Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing extension cords, appliance cords, and similar electrical cord sets from purchased, 

insulated wire or cable--are classified in Industry 33599, All Other Electrical Equipment and 

Component Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing unsheathed fiber-optic materials--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing. 

335921 Fiber Optic Cable Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing insulated fiber-optic 

cable from purchased fiber-optic strand. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing unsheathed fiber-optic materials--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing insulated nonferrous wire and cable from purchased wire--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335929, Other Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing. 

335929 Other Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing insulated wire and cable 

of nonferrous metals from purchased wire. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing cable sets consisting of insulated wire and various connectors for electronic 

applications--are classified in U.S. Industry 334419, Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing extension cords, appliance cords, and similar electrical cord sets from purchased 

insulated wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 335999, All Other Miscellaneous Electrical 

Equipment and Component Manufacturing; 

 Drawing and insulating copper wire in the same establishment--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331422, Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing; 

 Drawing and insulating aluminum wire in the same establishment--are classified in U.S. Industry 

331319, Other Aluminum Rolling and Drawing; and 

 Drawing nonferrous wire (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, 

Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. 

33593 Wiring Device Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing current-carrying wiring 

devices and noncurrent-carrying wiring devices for wiring electrical circuits. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ceramic and glass insulators--are classified in Subsector 327, Nonmetallic Mineral 

Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing electronic component-type connectors, sockets, and switches--are classified in 

Industry 33441, Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing. 

335931 Current-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing current-carrying wiring 

devices. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bus bars, electrical conductors (except switchgear-type), manufacturing 

Lightning arrestors and coils manufacturing 

GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupters) manufacturing 

Receptacles (i.e., outlets), electrical, manufacturing 

Lamp holders manufacturing 

Switches for electrical wiring (e.g., pressure, pushbutton, snap, tumbler) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing electronic component-type connectors--are classified in U.S. Industry 334417, 

Electronic Connector Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing noncurrent-carrying wiring devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 335932, 

Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing electronic component-type sockets and switches--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334419, Other Electronic Component Manufacturing. 

335932 Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing noncurrent-carrying 

wiring devices. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Boxes, electrical wiring (e.g., junction, outlet, switch), manufacturing 

Face plates (i.e., outlet or switch covers) manufacturing 

Conduits and fittings, electrical, manufacturing 

Transmission pole and line hardware manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing porcelain and ceramic insulators--are classified in U.S. Industry 327113, Porcelain 

Electrical Supply Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying wiring devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 335931, CurrentCarrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing glass insulators--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product 

Manufacturing. 

33599 All Other Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrical equipment (except 

electric lighting equipment, household-type appliances, transformers, motors, generators, switchgear, 

relays, industrial controls, batteries, communication and energy wire and cable, and wiring devices). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carbon and graphite electrodes and brushes manufacturing 

Surge suppressors manufacturing 

Extension cords made from purchased insulated wire 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing lighting equipment--are classified in Industry Group 3351, Electric Lighting 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type appliances--are classified in Industry Group 3352, Household 

Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing transformers, motors, generators, switchgear, relays, and industrial controls--are 

classified in Industry 33531, Electrical Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing batteries--are classified in Industry 33591, Battery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing communication and energy wire--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication 

and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying and noncurrent-carrying wiring devices--are classified in Industry 

33593, Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carbon or graphite gaskets--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic component-type rectifiers, voltage regulating integrated circuits, power 

converting integrated circuits, electronic capacitors, electronic resistors, and similar devices--are 

classified in Industry 33441, Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing equipment incorporating lasers--are classified in various subsectors of 

manufacturing based on the associated production process of the finished equipment. 

335991 Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing carbon, graphite, and 

metal-graphite brushes and brush stock; carbon or graphite electrodes for thermal and electrolytic uses; 

carbon and graphite fibers; and other carbon, graphite, and metal-graphite products. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing carbon or graphite gaskets are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339991, Gasket, Packing, and Sealing Device Manufacturing. 

335999 All Other Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial and 

commercial electric apparatus and other equipment (except lighting equipment, household appliances, 

transformers, motors, generators, switchgear, relays, industrial controls, batteries, communication and 

energy wire and cable, wiring devices, and carbon and graphite products). This industry includes power 

converters (i.e., AC to DC and DC to AC), power supplies, surge suppressors, and similar equipment for 

industrial-type and consumer-type equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Appliance cords made from purchased insulated wire 

Extension cords made from purchased insulated wire 

Battery chargers, solid-state, manufacturing 

Inverters manufacturing 

Door opening and closing devices, electrical, manufacturing 

Surge suppressers manufacturing 

Electric bells manufacturing 

Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing lighting equipment--are classified in Industry Group 3351, Electric Lighting 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing household-type appliances--are classified in Industry Group 3352, Household 

Appliance Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing transformers, motors, generators, switchgear, relays, and industrial controls--are 

classified in Industry 33531, Electrical Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing primary and storage batteries--are classified in Industry 33591, Battery 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing communication and energy wire and cable from purchased wire or fiber-optic 

strand--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication and Energy Wire and Cable 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing current-carrying and noncurrent-carrying wiring devices--are classified in Industry 

33593, Wiring Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic component-type rectifiers (except semiconductor)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334419, Other Electronic Component Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing semiconductor rectifiers, voltage regulating integrated circuits, power converting 

integrated circuits, and similar semiconductor devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 334413, 

Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing electronic component-type capacitors and condensers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334414, Electronic Capacitor Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing carbon and graphite products--are classified in U.S. Industry 335991, Carbon and 

Graphite Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing equipment incorporating lasers--are classified in various manufacturing subsectors 

based on the associated production process of the finished equipment. 

336 Transportation Equipment Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector produce equipment for transporting 

people and goods. Transportation equipment is a type of machinery. An entire subsector is devoted to this 

activity because of the significance of its economic size in all three North American countries. 

 Establishments in this subsector utilize production processes similar to those of other machinery 

manufacturing establishments - bending, forming, welding, machining, and assembling metal or plastic 

parts into components and finished products. However, the assembly of components and subassemblies 

and their further assembly into finished vehicles tends to be a more common production process in this 

subsector than in the Machinery Manufacturing subsector. 

 NAICS has industry groups for the manufacture of equipment for each mode of transport - road, rail, air 

and water. Parts for motor vehicles warrant a separate industry group because of their importance and 

because parts manufacture requires less assembly, and the establishments that manufacture only parts are 

not as vertically integrated as those that make complete vehicles. 

 Land use motor vehicle equipment not designed for highway operation (e.g., agricultural equipment, 

construction equipment, and materials handling equipment) is classified in the appropriate NAICS 

subsector based on the type and use of the equipment. 

3361 Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 

33611 Automobile and Light Duty Motor Vehicle Manufacturing

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing complete automobile and 

light duty motor vehicles (i.e., body and chassis or unibody) or (2) manufacturing chassis only. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing car, truck, and bus bodies and assembling vehicles on 

a purchased chassis and manufacturing kit cars for highway use are classified in Industry 33621, Motor 

Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing. 

336111 Automobile Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing complete 

automobiles (i.e., body and chassis or unibody) or (2) manufacturing automobile chassis only. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing car bodies and assembling vehicles on a purchased 

chassis and manufacturing kit cars for highway use are classified in U.S. Industry 336211, Motor Vehicle 

Body Manufacturing. 

336112 Light Truck and Utility Vehicle Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing complete light 

trucks and utility vehicles (i.e., body and chassis) or (2) manufacturing light truck and utility vehicle 

chassis only. Vehicles made include light duty vans, pick-up trucks, minivans, and sport utility vehicles. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing truck and bus bodies and assembling vehicles on a 

purchased chassis are classified in U.S. Industry 336211, Motor Vehicle Body Manufacturing. 

33612 Heavy Duty Truck Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 336120 below. 

336120 Heavy Duty Truck Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing heavy duty truck chassis 

and assembling complete heavy duty trucks, buses, heavy duty motor homes, and other special purpose 

heavy duty motor vehicles for highway use or (2) manufacturing heavy duty truck chassis only. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing truck and bus bodies and assembling vehicles on a purchased chassis--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 336211, Motor Vehicle Body Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor homes on purchased chassis--are classified in U.S. Industry 336213, Motor 

Home Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing vans, minivans, and light trucks--are classified in U.S. Industry 336112, Light 

Truck and Utility Vehicle Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing military armored vehicles--are classified in U.S. Industry 336992, Military 

Armored Vehicle, Tank, and Tank Component Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing off highway construction equipment--are classified in Industry 333120, 

Construction Machinery Manufacturing. 

3362 Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing 

33621 Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing motor vehicle bodies and 

cabs or (2) manufacturing truck, automobile and utility trailers, truck trailer chassis, detachable trailer 

bodies, and detachable trailer chassis. The products made may be sold separately or may be assembled on 

purchased chassis and sold as complete vehicles. 

 Motor homes are units where the motor and the living quarters are contained in the same integrated unit, 

while travel trailers are designed to be towed by a motor unit, such as an automobile or a light truck. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bodies and cabs, truck, manufacturing 

Pickup canopies, caps, or covers manufacturing 

Camper unit, slide-in, for pick-up trucks, manufacturing 

Semitrailer manufacturing 

Motor homes, self-contained, assembling on purchased chassis 

Travel trailers, recreational, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in Industry 32199, All Other 

Wood Product Manufacturing; 

 Customizing automotive vehicle and trailer interiors (i.e., van conversions) on an individual basis-

-are classified in Industry 81112, Automotive Body, Paint, Interior, and Glass Repair; 

 Manufacturing light duty motor home chassis and assembling complete motor homes--are 

classified in Industry 33611, Automobile and Light Duty Motor Vehicle Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing heavy duty truck chassis and assembling heavy duty trucks, buses, motor homes, 

and other special purpose heavy duty motor vehicles for highway use--are classified in Industry 

33612, Heavy Duty Truck Manufacturing. 

336211 Motor Vehicle Body Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing truck and bus bodies 

and cabs and automobile bodies. The products made may be sold separately or may be assembled on 

purchased chassis and sold as complete vehicles. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing heavy duty chassis and assembling heavy duty 

trucks, buses, motor homes, and other special purpose heavy duty motor vehicles for highway use are 

classified in Industry 336120, Heavy Duty Truck Manufacturing. 

336212 Truck Trailer Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing truck trailers, truck 

trailer chassis, cargo container chassis, detachable trailer bodies, and detachable trailer chassis for sale 

separately. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing utility trailers, light-truck trailers, and travel trailers 

are classified in U.S. Industry 336214, Travel Trailer and Camper Manufacturing. 

336213 Motor Home Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing motor homes on 

purchased chassis and/or (2) manufacturing conversion vans on an assembly line basis. Motor homes are 

units where the motor and the living quarters are integrated in the same unit. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing light duty motor homes chassis and assembling complete motor homes--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 336112, Light Truck and Utility Vehicle Manufacturing; 

 Customizing automotive vehicle and trailer interiors (i.e., van conversions) on an individual basis-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 811121, Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and 

Maintenance; and 

 Producing manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 321991, 

Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing. 

336214 Travel Trailer and Camper Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing travel trailers and campers designed to attach to motor vehicles; (2) manufacturing pickup 

coaches (i.e., campers) and caps (i.e., covers) for mounting on pickup trucks; and (3) manufacturing 

automobile, utility and light-truck trailers. Travel trailers do not have their own motor but are designed to 

be towed by a motor unit, such as an automobile or a light truck. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automobile transporter trailers, single car, manufacturing 

Travel trailers, recreational, manufacturing 

Camping trailers and chassis manufacturing 
Utility trailers manufacturing 

Horse trailers (except fifth wheel type) manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) designed to accept 

permanent water, sewer, and utility connections and equipped with wheels, but not intended for regular 

highway use, are classified in U.S. Industry 321991, Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing. 

3363 Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing 

33631 Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor 

vehicle gasoline engines, and engine parts, whether or not for vehicular use. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carburetors, all types, manufacturing 

Pistons and piston rings manufacturing 

Crankshaft assemblies, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Pumps (e.g., fuel, oil, water), mechanical automotive and truck gasoline engine (except power steering), 

manufacturing 

Cylinder heads, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Timing gears and chains, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Fuel injection systems and parts, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Valves, engine, intake and exhaust, manufacturing 

Manifolds (i.e., intake and exhaust), automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing wiring harnesses and other vehicular electrical and electronic equipment--are 

classified in Industry 33632, Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing transmission and power train equipment--are classified in Industry 33635, Motor 

Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing radiators--are classified in Industry 33639, Other Motor Vehicle Parts 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing steering and suspension components--are classified in Industry 33633, Motor 

Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing parts for machine repair and equipment parts (except electric) on a job or shop 

basis--are classified in Industry 33271, Machine Shops; 

 Manufacturing rubber and plastic belts and hoses without fittings--are classified in Industry 32622, 

Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing stationary and diesel engines--are classified in Industry 33361, Engine, Turbine, 

and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing. 

336311 Carburetor, Piston, Piston Ring, and Valve Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding 

carburetors, pistons, piston rings, and engine intake and exhaust valves. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing parts for machine repair and equipment parts (except 

electric) on a job or shop basis are classified in Industry 332710, Machine Shops. 
336312 Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding 

gasoline motor vehicle engines and gasoline motor vehicle engine parts, excluding carburetors, pistons, 

piston rings, and valves. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Crankshaft assemblies, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valves, engine, manufacturing 

Flywheels and ring gears, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Pumps (e.g., fuel, oil, water), mechanical, automotive and truck gasoline engine (except power steering), 

manufacturing 

Fuel injection systems and parts, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Timing gears and chains, automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Manifolds (i.e., intake and exhaust), automotive and truck gasoline engine, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing carburetors, pistons, piston rings, and valves--are classified in U.S. Industry 

336311, Carburetor, Piston, Piston Ring, and Valve Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wiring harnesses and other vehicular electrical and electronic equipment--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 336322, Other Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing transmission and power train equipment--are classified in Industry 336350, Motor 

Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing radiators--are classified in U.S. Industry 336399, All Other Motor Vehicle Parts 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing steering and suspension components--are classified in Industry 336330, Motor 

Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber and plastic belts and hoses without fittings--are classified in Industry 

326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing stationary and diesel engines--are classified in U.S. Industry 333618, Other Engine 

Equipment Manufacturing. 

33632 Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing vehicular lighting and/or 

(2) manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor vehicle electrical and electronic equipment. The products made 

can be used for all types of transportation equipment (i.e., aircraft, automobiles, trains, ships). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alternators and generators for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Generators for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Automotive lighting fixtures manufacturing 

Ignition wiring harness for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Coils, ignition, internal combustion engines, manufacturing 

Instrument control panels (i.e., assembling purchased gauges), automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Distributors for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Spark plugs for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Electrical ignition cable sets for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Windshield washer pumps, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing automotive lamps--are classified in Industry 33511, Electric Lamp Bulb and Part 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing batteries--are classified in Industry 33591, Battery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric motors for motor vehicles (including electric vehicles)--are classified in 

Industry 33531, Electrical Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing railway traffic control signals and passenger car alarms--are classified in Industry 

33429, Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing car stereos--are classified in Industry 33431, Audio and Video Equipment 

Manufacturing. 

336321 Vehicular Lighting Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vehicular lighting 

fixtures. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing automotive lamps (i.e., bulbs) are classified in 

Industry 335110, Electric Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing. 

336322 Other Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding 

electrical and electronic equipment for motor vehicles and internal combustion engines. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alternators and generators for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Ignition wiring harness for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Coils, ignition, internal combustion engines, manufacturing 

Instrument control panel (i.e., assembling purchased gauges), automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Distributors for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Spark plugs for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Electrical ignition cable sets for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Windshield washer pumps, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Generators for internal combustion engines manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing vehicular lighting equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 336321, Vehicular 

Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing automotive lamps--are classified in Industry 335110, Electric Lamp Bulb and Part 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing batteries--are classified in U.S. Industry 335911, Storage Battery Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electric motors for electric vehicles--are classified in U.S. Industry 335312, Motor 

and Generator Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing railway traffic control signals and passenger car alarms--are classified in Industry 

334290, Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing car stereos--are classified in Industry 334310, Audio and Video Equipment 

Manufacturing. 

33633 Motor Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 336330 below. 
336330 Motor Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor 

vehicle steering mechanisms and suspension components (except springs). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Rack and pinion steering assemblies manufacturing 

Steering wheels, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Shock absorbers, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Struts, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Steering columns, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing springs are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and 

Wire Product Manufacturing. 

33634 Motor Vehicle Brake System Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 336340 below. 

336340 Motor Vehicle Brake System Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor 

vehicle brake systems and related components. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Brake cylinders, master and wheel, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Brake pads and shoes, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Brake drums, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Calipers, brake, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Brake hose assemblies manufacturing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber and plastics belts and hoses without fittings 

are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing. 

33635 Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 336350 below. 

336350 Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor 

vehicle transmissions and power train parts. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automatic transmissions, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Differential and rear axle assemblies, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Axle bearings, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Torque converters, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Constant velocity joints, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Universal joints, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 
33636 Motor Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 336360 below. 

336360 Motor Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing motor vehicle seating, seats, 

seat frames, seat belts, and interior trimmings. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing convertible tops for vehicles and those 

manufacturing air bags are classified in U.S. Industry 336399, All Other Motor Vehicle Parts 

Manufacturing. 

33637 Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping 

 See industry description for 336370 below. 

336370 Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing motor vehicle stampings, 

such as fenders, tops, body parts, trim, and molding. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing stampings and further processing the stampings--are classified according to the 

process of the specific product made; and 

 Manufacturing stampings (except motor vehicle)--are classified in U.S. Industry 332116, Metal 

Stamping. 

33639 Other Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor 

vehicle parts and accessories (except motor vehicle gasoline engines and engine parts, motor vehicle 

electrical and electronic equipment, motor vehicle steering and suspension components, motor vehicle 

brake systems, motor vehicle transmissions and power train parts, motor vehicle seating and interior trim, 

and motor vehicle stampings). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air bag assemblies manufacturing 

Mufflers and resonators, motor vehicle, manufacturing 

Air-conditioners, motor vehicle, manufacturing 

Radiators and cores manufacturing 

Catalytic converters, engine exhaust, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Wheels (i.e., rims), automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle gasoline engines and engine parts--are classified in Industry 33631, 

Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle electrical and electronic equipment--are classified in Industry 33632, 

Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle steering and suspension components--are classified in Industry 

33633, Motor Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing motor vehicle brake systems--are classified in Industry 33634, Motor Vehicle 

Brake System Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle transmissions and power train parts--are classified in Industry 

33635, Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle seating and interior trim--are classified in Industry 33636, Motor 

Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle stampings--are classified in Industry 33637, Motor Vehicle Metal 

Stamping; and 

 Manufacturing air-conditioning systems and compressors (except motor vehicle air-conditioning 

systems)--are classified in Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and 

Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing. 

336391 Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing air-conditioning 

systems and compressors for motor vehicles, such as automobiles, trucks, buses, aircraft, farm machinery, 

construction machinery, and other related vehicles. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing air-conditioning systems and compressors (except 

motor vehicle air-conditioning systems) are classified in U.S. Industry 333415, Air-Conditioning and 

Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing. 

336399 All Other Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and/or rebuilding motor 

vehicle parts and accessories (except motor vehicle gasoline engines and engine parts, motor vehicle 

electrical and electronic equipment, motor vehicle steering and suspension components, motor vehicle 

brake systems, motor vehicle transmissions and power train parts, motor vehicle seating and interior trim, 

motor vehicle stampings, and motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air bag assemblies manufacturing 

Mufflers and resonators, motor vehicle, manufacturing 

Air-filters, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Radiators and cores manufacturing 

Catalytic converters, engine exhaust, automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Wheels (i.e., rims), automotive, truck, and bus, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle gasoline engines and engine parts--are classified in Industry 33631, 

Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle electrical and electronic equipment--are classified in Industry 33632, 

Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle steering and suspension components--are classified in Industry 

336330, Motor Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle brake systems--are classified in Industry 336340, Motor Vehicle 

Brake System Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle transmissions and power train parts--are classified in Industry 

336350, Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle seating and interior trim--are classified in Industry 336360, Motor 

Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing motor vehicle stampings--are classified in Industry 336370, Motor Vehicle Metal 

Stamping; and 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle air-conditioning systems and compressors--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336391, Motor Vehicle Air-Conditioning Manufacturing. 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing 

33641 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing complete aircraft, missiles, or space vehicles; (2) manufacturing aerospace engines, 

propulsion units, auxiliary equipment or parts; (3) developing and making prototypes of aerospace 

products; (4) aircraft conversion (i.e., major modifications to systems); and (5) complete aircraft or 

propulsion systems overhaul and rebuilding (i.e., periodic restoration of aircraft to original design 

specifications). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing space satellites are classified in Industry 

33422, Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the repair of aircraft or aircraft engines (except overhauling, 

conversion, and rebuilding) are classified in Industry 48819, Other Support Activities for Air 

Transportation; 

 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in aerospace R&D (except prototype 

production) are classified in Industry 54171, Research and Development in the Physical, 

Engineering, and Life Sciences; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft engine intake and exhaust valves, 

pistons, or engine filters are classified in Industry 33631, Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and 

Engine Parts Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing of aircraft seating are classified in Industry 

33636, Motor Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aeronautical, navigational, and guidance 

systems and instruments are classified in Industry 33451, Navigational, Measuring, 

Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing; 

 Establishment primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft engine electrical (aeronautical 

electrical) equipment or aircraft lighting fixtures are classified in Industry 33632, Motor Vehicle 

Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing of aircraft fluid power subassemblies are 

classified in Industry 33291, Metal Valve Manufacturing. 

336411 Aircraft Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing or assembling complete aircraft; (2) developing and making aircraft prototypes; (3) aircraft 

conversion (i.e., major modifications to systems); and (4) complete aircraft overhaul and rebuilding (i.e., 

periodic restoration of aircraft to original design specifications). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing guided missiles and space vehicles are 

classified in U.S. Industry 336414, Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the repair of aircraft (except overhauling, conversion, and 

rebuilding) are classified in Industry 488190, Other Support Activities for Air Transportation; and 
 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in aircraft R&D (except prototype 

production) are classified in Industry 541712, Research and Development in the Physical, 

Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology). 

336412 Aircraft Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing aircraft engines and engine parts; (2) developing and making prototypes of aircraft engines 

and engine parts; (3) aircraft propulsion system conversion (i.e., major modifications to systems); and (4) 

aircraft propulsion systems overhaul and rebuilding (i.e., periodic restoration of aircraft propulsion system 

to original design specifications). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing guided missile and space vehicle propulsion 

units and parts are classified in U.S. Industry 336415, Guided Missile and Space Vehicle 

Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft intake and exhaust valves and pistons 

are classified in U.S. Industry 336311, Carburetor, Piston, Piston Ring, and Valve Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft internal combustion engine filters are 

classified in U.S. Industry 336312, Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the repair of aircraft engines (except overhauling, conversion, 

and rebuilding) are classified in Industry 488190, Other Support Activities for Air Transportation; 

 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in aircraft engine and engine parts 

R&D (except prototype production) are classified in Industry 541712, Research and Development 

in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aeronautical instruments are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334511, Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and 

Instrument Manufacturing. 

336413 Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishment primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing aircraft parts or 

auxiliary equipment (except engines and aircraft fluid power subassemblies) and/or (2) developing and 

making prototypes of aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment. Auxiliary equipment includes such items as 

crop dusting apparatus, armament racks, inflight refueling equipment, and external fuel tanks. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft engines and engine parts are classified 

in U.S. Industry 336412, Aircraft Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aeronautical instruments are classified in U.S. 

Industry 334511, Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and 

Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft lighting fixtures are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336321, Vehicular Lighting Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aircraft engine electrical (aeronautical 

electrical) equipment are classified in U.S. Industry 336322, Other Motor Vehicle Electrical and 

Electronic Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing guided missile and space vehicle parts and 

auxiliary equipment are classified in U.S. Industry 336419, Other Guided Missile and Space 

Vehicle Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing of aircraft fluid power subassemblies are 

classified in U.S. Industry 332912, Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing of aircraft seating are classified in Industry 

336360, Motor Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing; and 

 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in aircraft parts and auxiliary 

equipment R&D (except prototype production) are classified in Industry 541712, Research and 

Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology). 

336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing complete guided 

missiles and space vehicles and/or (2) developing and making prototypes of guided missiles or space 

vehicles. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing space satellites are classified in Industry 

334220, Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment 

Manufacturing; and 

 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in guided missile and space vehicle 

R&D (except prototype production) are classified in Industry 541712, Research and Development 

in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology). 

336415 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts 

Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing guided missile 

and/or space vehicle propulsion units and propulsion unit parts and/or (2) developing and making 

prototypes of guided missile and space vehicle propulsion units and propulsion unit parts. 

Cross-References. 

 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in guided missile and space propulsion unit 

and propulsion unit parts R&D (except prototype production) are classified in Industry 541712, Research 

and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology). 

336419 Other Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing guided missile and 

space vehicle parts and auxiliary equipment (except guided missile and space vehicle propulsion units and 

propulsion unit parts) and/or (2) developing and making prototypes of guided missile and space vehicle 

parts and auxiliary equipment. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing navigational and guidance systems are 

classified in U.S. Industry 334511, Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and 

Nautical System and Instrument Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing guided missile and space vehicle propulsion 

units and propulsion unit parts are classified in U.S. Industry 336415, Guided Missile and Space 

Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Research and development establishments primarily engaged in guided missile and space vehicle 

parts and auxiliary equipment R&D (except prototype production) are classified in Industry 

541712, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except 

Biotechnology). 

3365 Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing 
33651 Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 336510 below. 

336510 Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing and/or rebuilding locomotives, locomotive frames and parts; (2) manufacturing railroad, 

street, and rapid transit cars and car equipment for operation on rails for freight and passenger service; and 

(3) manufacturing rail layers, ballast distributors, rail tamping equipment and other railway track 

maintenance equipment. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mining rail cars are classified in U.S. Industry 

333131, Mining Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing locomotive fuel lubricating or cooling 

medium pumps are classified in U.S. Industry 333911, Pump and Pumping Equipment 

Manufacturing; 

 Repair establishments of railroad and local transit companies primarily engaged in repairing 

railroad and transit cars are classified in Industry 488210, Support Activities for Rail 

Transportation; and 

 Establishments not owned by railroad or local transit companies engaged in repairing railroad cars 

and locomotive engines are classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and Industrial Machinery 

and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance. 

3366 Ship and Boat Building 

33661 Ship and Boat Building

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating shipyards or boat yards (i.e., ship 

or boat manufacturing facilities). Shipyards are fixed facilities with drydocks and fabrication equipment 

capable of building a ship, defined as watercraft typically suitable or intended for other than personal or 

recreational use. Boats are defined as watercraft typically suitable or intended for personal use. Activities 

of shipyards include the construction of ships, their repair, conversion and alteration, the production of 

prefabricated ship and barge sections, and specialized services, such as ship scaling. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barge building 

Inflatable rubber boats, heavy-duty, manufacturing 

Boat yards (i.e., boat manufacturing facilities) 

Passenger ship building 

Cargo ship building 

Rigid inflatable boats (RIBs) manufacturing 

Drilling and production platforms, floating, oil and gas, building 

Rowboats manufacturing 

Inflatable plastic boats, heavy-duty, manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing inflatable rubber swimming pool rafts and similar flotation devices--are classified 

in Industry 32629, Other Rubber Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing inflatable plastic swimming pool rafts and similar flotation devices--are classified 

in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; 
 Fabricating structural assemblies or components for ships, or subcontractors engaged in ship 

painting, joinery, carpentry work, and electrical wiring installation--are classified based on the 

production process used; and 

 Ship repairs performed in floating drydocks--are classified in Industry 48839, Other Support 

Activities for Water Transportation. 

336611 Ship Building and Repairing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating a shipyard. Shipyards are 

fixed facilities with drydocks and fabrication equipment capable of building a ship, defined as watercraft 

typically suitable or intended for other than personal or recreational use. Activities of shipyards include the 

construction of ships, their repair, conversion and alteration, the production of prefabricated ship and barge 

sections, and specialized services, such as ship scaling. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barge building 

Passenger ship building 

Cargo ship building 

Submarine building 

Drilling and production platforms, floating, oil and gas, building 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Fabricating structural assemblies or components for ships, or subcontractors engaged in ship 

painting, joinery, carpentry work, and electrical wiring installation--are classified based on the 

production process used; and 

 Ship repairs performed in floating drydocks--are classified in Industry 488390, Other Support 

Activities for Water Transportation. 

336612 Boat Building CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building boats. Boats are defined as 

watercraft not built in shipyards and typically of the type suitable or intended for personal use. Included in 

this industry are establishments that manufacture heavy-duty inflatable rubber or inflatable plastic boats 

(RIBs). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dinghy (except inflatable rubber) manufacturing 

Rigid inflatable boats (RIBs) manufacturing 

Inflatable plastic boats, heavy-duty, manufacturing 

Rowboats manufacturing 

Inflatable rubber boats, heavy-duty, manufacturing 

Sailboat building, not done in shipyards 

Motorboats, inboard or outboard, building 

Yacht building, not done in shipyards 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Ship building or ship repairs performed in a shipyard--are classified in U.S. Industry 336611, Ship 

Building and Repairing; 

 Manufacturing inflatable rubber swimming pool rafts and similar flotation devices--are classified 

in Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing inflatable plastic swimming pool rafts and similar flotation devices--are classified 

in Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing. 

3369 Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing transportation 

equipment (except motor vehicles and parts, aerospace products and parts, railroad rolling stock, ship 

building, and boat manufacturing). 

33699 Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing motorcycles, bicycles, metal 

tricycles, complete military armored vehicles, tanks, self-propelled weapons, vehicles pulled by draft 

animals, and other transportation equipment (except motor vehicles, boats, ships, railroad rolling stock, and 

aerospace products), including parts thereof. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing ships and boats--are classified in Industry 33661, Ship and Boat Building; 

 Manufacturing aerospace products and parts--are classified in Industry 33641, Aerospace Product 

and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle parts--are classified in Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing children's vehicles (except bicycles and metal tricycles)--are classified in Industry 

33993, Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing railroad rolling stock--are classified in Industry 33651, Railroad Rolling Stock 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing motor vehicles--are classified in Industry Group 3361, Motor Vehicle 

Manufacturing. 

336991 Motorcycle, Bicycle, and Parts Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing motorcycles, bicycles, 

tricycles and similar equipment, and parts. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing children's vehicles (except bicycles and metal tricycles)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339932, Game, Toy, and Children's Vehicle Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing golf carts and other similar personnel carriers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

336999, All Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing. 

336992 Military Armored Vehicle, Tank, and Tank Component Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing complete military 

armored vehicles, combat tanks, specialized components for combat tanks, and self-propelled weapons. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonarmored military universal carriers are classified 

in U.S. Industry 336112, Light Truck and Utility Vehicle Manufacturing. 

336999 All Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing transportation 

equipment (except motor vehicles, motor vehicle parts, boats, ships, railroad rolling stock, aerospace 

products, motorcycles, bicycles, armored vehicles and tanks). 

Illustrative Examples: 

All-terrain vehicles (ATVs), wheeled or tracked, manufacturing 

Golf carts and similar motorized passenger carriers manufacturing 

Animal-drawn vehicles and parts manufacturing 

Race cars manufacturing 

Gocarts (except children's) manufacturing 

Snowmobiles and parts manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing motorcycles, bicycles and parts--are classified in U.S. Industry 336991, 

Motorcycle, Bicycle, and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing military armored vehicles, tanks, and tank components--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 336992, Military Armored Vehicle, Tank, and Tank Component Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing ships and boats--are classified in Industry 33661, Ship and Boat Building; 

 Manufacturing aerospace products and parts--are classified in Industry 33641, Aerospace Product 

and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing motor vehicle parts--are classified in Industry Group 3363, Motor Vehicle Parts 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing railroad rolling stock--are classified in Industry 336510, Railroad Rolling Stock 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing motor vehicles--are classified in Industry Group 3361, Motor Vehicle 

Manufacturing. 

337 Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing subsector make furniture and related 

articles, such as mattresses, window blinds, cabinets, and fixtures. The processes used in the manufacture 

of furniture include the cutting, bending, molding, laminating, and assembly of such materials as wood, 

metal, glass, plastics, and rattan. However, the production process for furniture is not solely bending metal, 

cutting and shaping wood, or extruding and molding plastics. Design and fashion trends play an important 

part in the production of furniture. The integrated design of the article for both esthetic and functional 

qualities is also a major part of the process of manufacturing furniture. Design services may be performed 

by the furniture establishment's work force or may be purchased from industrial designers. 

 Furniture may be made of any material, but the most common ones used in North America are metal and 

wood. Furniture manufacturing establishments may specialize in making articles primarily from one 

material. Some of the equipment required to make a wooden table, for example, is different from that used 

to make a metal one. However, furniture is usually made from several materials. A wooden table might 

have metal brackets, and a wooden chair a fabric or plastics seat. Therefore, in NAICS, furniture initially is 

classified based on the type of furniture (application for which it is designed) rather than the material used. 

For example, an upholstered sofa is treated as household furniture, although it may also be used in hotels or 

offices. 

 When classifying furniture according to the component material from which it is made, furniture made 

from more than one material is classified based on the material used in the frame, or if there is no frame, 

the predominant component material. Upholstered household furniture (excluding kitchen and dining room 

chairs with upholstered seats) is classified without regard to the frame material. Kitchen or dining room 

chairs with upholstered seats are classified according to the frame material. 

 Furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be shipped assembled or unassembled (i.e., 

knockdown). The manufacture of furniture parts and frames is included in this subsector. 
 Some of the processes used in furniture manufacturing are similar to processes that are used in other 

segments of manufacturing. For example, cutting and assembly occurs in the production of wood trusses 

that are classified in Subsector 321, Wood Product Manufacturing. However, the multiple processes that 

distinguish wood furniture manufacturing from wood product manufacturing warrant inclusion of wooden 

furniture manufacturing in the Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing subsector. Metal furniture 

manufacturing uses techniques that are also employed in the manufacturing of roll-formed products 

classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. The molding process for plastics 

furniture is similar to the molding of other plastics products. However, plastics furniture producing 

establishments tend to specialize in furniture. 

 NAICS attempts to keep furniture manufacturing together, but there are two notable exceptions: seating 

for transportation equipment and specialized hospital furniture (e.g., hospital beds and operating tables). 

These exceptions are related to the fact that some of the aspects of the production process for these 

products, primarily the design, are highly integrated with the other manufactured goods, namely motor 

vehicles and health equipment. 

3371 Household and Institutional Furniture and Kitchen Cabinet Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments manufacturing household-type furniture, such as living 

room, kitchen and bedroom furniture and institutional (i.e., public building) furniture, such as furniture for 

schools, theaters, and churches. 

33711 Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 337110 below. 

337110 Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood or plastics laminated 

on wood kitchen cabinets, bathroom vanities, and countertops (except freestanding). The cabinets and 

counters may be made on a stock or custom basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing metal kitchen and bathroom cabinets (except freestanding)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 337124, Metal Household Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics countertops--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing stone countertops--are classified in U.S. Industry 327991, Cut Stone and Stone 

Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing wood or plastics laminated on wood countertops (except kitchen and bathroom)--

are classified in U.S. Industry 337215, Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing. 

33712 Household and Institutional Furniture Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type and public 

building furniture (i.e., library, school, theater, and church furniture). This industry includes establishments 

that manufacture general purpose hospital, laboratory and/or dental furniture (e.g., stools, tables, benches). 

The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or unassembled (i.e., 

knockdown). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing specialized hospital and/or dental furniture (e.g., hospital beds, operating tables, 

dental chairs)--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing wood or plastics laminated on wood kitchen cabinets, bathroom vanities, and 

countertops (except freestanding)--are classified in Industry 33711, Wood Kitchen Cabinet and 

Countertop Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing office-type furniture and/or office or store fixtures--are classified in Industry 

33721, Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing; and 

 Repairing or refinishing furniture--are classified in Industry 81142, Reupholstery and Furniture 

Repair. 

337121 Upholstered Household Furniture Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing upholstered householdtype furniture. The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Reupholstering furniture or upholstering frames to individual order--are classified in Industry 

811420, Reupholstery and Furniture Repair; 

 Manufacturing wood kitchen and dining room chairs with upholstered seats or backs--are 

classified in U. S. Industry 337122, Nonupholstered Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal kitchen and dining room chairs with upholstered seats or backs--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 337124, Metal Household Furniture Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing kitchen and dining room chairs (except wood and metal) with upholstered seats or 

backs--are classified in U.S. Industry 337125, Household Furniture (except Wood and Metal) 

Manufacturing. 

337122 Nonupholstered Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonupholstered wood 

household-type furniture and freestanding cabinets (except television, radio, and sewing machine cabinets). 

The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or unassembled (i.e., 

knockdown). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing reed, rattan, plastics and similar furniture--are classified in U.S. Industry 337125, 

Household Furniture (except Wood and Metal) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wood or plastics laminated on wood kitchen cabinets, bathroom vanities, and 

countertops (except freestanding)--are classified in Industry 337110, Wood Kitchen Cabinet and 

Countertop Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wood television, stereo, loudspeaker, and sewing machine cabinets (i.e., housings)-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 337129, Wood Television, Radio, and Sewing Machine Cabinet 

Manufacturing; and 

 Repairing or refinishing furniture--are classified in Industry 811420, Reupholstery and Furniture 

Repair. 

337124 Metal Household Furniture Manufacturing US 

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metal household-type 

furniture and freestanding cabinets. The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be 

assembled or unassembled (i.e., knockdown). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing specialized metal hospital furniture including beds 

are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing. 
337125 Household Furniture (except Wood and Metal) Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household-type 

furniture of materials other than wood or metal, such as plastics, reed, rattan, wicker, and fiberglass. The 

furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or unassembled (i.e., knockdown). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing concrete, ceramic, or stone furniture--are classified in Subsector 327, Nonmetallic 

Mineral Product Manufacturing, according to the materials used; 

 Manufacturing upholstered household-type furniture--are classified in U.S. Industry 337121, 

Upholstered Household Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal household-type furniture--are classified in U.S. Industry 337124, Metal 

Household Furniture Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing nonupholstered wood household-type furniture--are classified in U.S. Industry 

337122, Nonupholstered Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing. 

337127 Institutional Furniture Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing institutional-type 

furniture (e.g., library, school, theater, and church furniture). Included in this industry are establishments 

primarily engaged in manufacturing general purpose hospital, laboratory, and dental furniture (e.g., tables, 

stools, and benches). The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or 

unassembled (i.e., knockdown). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing specialized hospital furniture (e.g., hospital beds, operating tables)--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing specialized dental furniture (e.g., dental chairs)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

339114, Dental Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing wood kitchen cabinets, wood bathroom vanities, and countertops designed for 

permanent installation--are classified in Industry 337110, Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing office-type furniture and/or office or store fixtures--are classified in Industry 

33721, Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing; and 

 Repairing or refinishing furniture--are classified in Industry 811420, Reupholstery and Furniture 

Repair. 

337129 Wood Television, Radio, and Sewing Machine Cabinet Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood cabinets used as 

housings by television, stereo, loudspeaker, and sewing machine manufacturers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing plastics housings used by television, stereo, loudspeaker, and sewing machine 

manufacturers--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal housings used by television, stereo, loudspeaker, and sewing machine 

manufacturers--are classified in U.S. Industry 332322, Sheet Metal Work Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing freestanding wood household-type cabinets (e.g., entertainment centers, stands) for 

consumer electronics--are classified in U.S. Industry 337122, Nonupholstered Wood Household 

Furniture Manufacturing; 
 Manufacturing freestanding metal household-type cabinets (e.g., entertainment centers, stands) for 

consumer electronics--are classified in U.S. Industry 337124, Metal Household Furniture 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing freestanding household-type cabinets (e.g., entertainment centers, stands) (except 

wood and metal) for consumer electronics--are classified in U.S. Industry 337125, Household 

Furniture (except Wood and Metal) Manufacturing. 

3372 Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing 

33721 Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing office furniture and/or office 

and store fixtures. The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or 

unassembled (i.e., knockdown). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing millwork on a factory basis--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; 

 Manufacturing household-type and institutional-type furniture--are classified in Industry 33712, 

Household and Institutional Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing refrigerated cabinets, showcases, and display cases--are classified in Industry 

33341, Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing metal safes and vaults--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated 

Metal Product Manufacturing. 

337211 Wood Office Furniture Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood office-type 

furniture. The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or unassembled 

(i.e., knockdown). 

337212 Custom Architectural Woodwork and Millwork Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing custom designed 

interiors consisting of architectural woodwork and fixtures utilizing wood, wood products, and plastics 

laminates. All of the industry output is made to individual order on a job shop basis and requires skilled 

craftsmen as a labor input. A job might include custom manufacturing of display fixtures, gondolas, wall 

shelving units, entrance and window architectural detail, sales and reception counters, wall paneling, and 

matching furniture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing millwork on a factory basis--are classified in U.S. Industry 321918, Other 

Millwork (including Flooring); 

 Manufacturing wood office-type furniture on a stock or custom basis--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 337211, Wood Office Furniture Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing wood office-type furniture and store fixtures on a stock basis--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 337215, Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing. 

337214 Office Furniture (except Wood) Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonwood office-type 

furniture. The furniture may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be assembled or unassembled 

(i.e., knockdown). 
337215 Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood and nonwood 

office and store fixtures, shelving, lockers, frames, partitions, and related fabricated products of wood and 

nonwood materials, including plastics laminated fixture tops. The products are made on a stock or custom 

basis and may be assembled or unassembled (i.e., knockdown). Establishments exclusively making 

furniture parts (e.g., frames) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing refrigerated cabinets, showcases, and display cases--are classified in U.S. Industry 

333415, Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial 

Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal safes and vaults--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing wood or plastics laminated kitchen and bathroom countertops--are classified in 

Industry 337110, Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop Manufacturing. 

3379 Other Furniture Related Product Manufacturing 

 This industry group comprises establishments manufacturing furniture related products, such as 

mattresses, blinds, and shades. 

33791 Mattress Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 337910 below. 

337910 Mattress Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing innerspring, box spring, and 

noninnerspring mattresses, including mattresses for waterbeds. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing individual wire springs--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing inflatable mattresses--are classified in Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products 

Manufacturing. 

33792 Blind and Shade Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 337920 below. 

337920 Blind and Shade Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing one or more of the 

following: venetian blinds, other window blinds, shades; curtain and drapery rods, poles; and/or curtain and 

drapery fixtures. The blinds and shades may be made on a stock or custom basis and may be made of any 

material. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing canvas awnings--are classified in U.S. Industry 314912, Canvas and Related 

Product Mills; and 

 Manufacturing curtains and draperies--are classified in U.S. Industry 314121, Curtain and Drapery 

Mills. 
339 Miscellaneous Manufacturing 

 Industries in the Miscellaneous Manufacturing subsector make a wide range of products that cannot 

readily be classified in specific NAICS subsectors in manufacturing. Processes used by these 

establishments vary significantly, both among and within industries. For example, a variety of 

manufacturing processes are used in manufacturing sporting and athletic goods that include products such 

as tennis racquets and golf balls. The processes for these products differ from each other, and the processes 

differ significantly from the fabrication processes used in making dolls or toys, the melting and shaping of 

precious metals to make jewelry, and the bending, forming, and assembly used in making medical products. 

 The industries in this subsector are defined by what is made rather than how it is made. Although 

individual establishments might be appropriately classified elsewhere in the NAICS structure, for historical 

continuity, these product-based industries were maintained. In most cases, no one process or material 

predominates for an industry. 

 Establishments in this subsector manufacture products as diverse as medical equipment and supplies, 

jewelry, sporting goods, toys, and office supplies. 

3391 Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing 

33911 Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing medical equipment and 

supplies. Examples of products made by these establishments are surgical and medical instruments, 

surgical appliances and supplies, dental equipment and supplies, orthodontic goods, ophthalmic goods, 

dentures, and orthodontic appliances. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing laboratory instruments, X-ray apparatus, electromedical apparatus (including 

electronic hearing aids), and thermometers (except medical)--are classified in Industry 33451, 

Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing molded glass lens blanks--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing molded plastics lens blanks--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Retailing and grinding prescription eyeglasses--are classified in Industry 44613, Optical Goods 

Stores; 

 Manufacturing sporting goods helmets and protective equipment--are classified in Industry 33992, 

Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing general purpose hospital, laboratory and/or dental furniture (e.g., stools, tables, 

benches)--are classified in Industry 33712, Household and Institutional Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laboratory scales and balances, laboratory furnaces and ovens, and/or laboratory 

centrifuges--are classified in Industry 33399, All Other General Purpose Machinery 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing laboratory distilling equipment--are classified in Industry 33329, Other Industrial 

Machinery Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing laboratory freezers--are classified in Industry 33341, Ventilation, Heating, AirConditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing. 

339112 Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing medical, surgical, 

ophthalmic, and veterinary instruments and apparatus (except electrotherapeutic, electromedical and 

irradiation apparatus). Examples of products made by these establishments are syringes, hypodermic 
needles, anesthesia apparatus, blood transfusion equipment, catheters, surgical clamps, and medical 

thermometers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing electromedical and electrotherapeutic apparatus--are classified in U.S. Industry 

334510, Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing irradiation apparatus--are classified in U.S. Industry 334517, Irradiation Apparatus 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing surgical and orthopedic appliances or specialized hospital furniture (except dental) 

(e.g., hospital beds, operating tables)--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance 

and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dental equipment, dental supplies, dental laboratory apparatus, and dental 

laboratory furniture--are classified in U.S. Industry 339114, Dental Equipment and Supplies 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing general purpose hospital, laboratory and/or dental furniture (e.g., stools, tables, 

benches)--are classified in U.S. Industry 337127, Institutional Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing thermometers (except medical)--are classified in U.S. Industry 334519, Other 

Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing ophthalmic goods--are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, Ophthalmic Goods 

Manufacturing. 

339113 Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing surgical appliances and 

supplies. Examples of products made by these establishments are orthopedic devices, prosthetic 

appliances, surgical dressings, crutches, surgical sutures, personal industrial safety devices (except 

protective eyewear), hospital beds, and operating room tables. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing dental equipment, dental supplies, dental laboratory apparatus, and specialized 

dental laboratory furniture (e.g. dental chairs)--are classified in U.S. Industry 339114, Dental 

Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing general purpose hospital, laboratory and/or dental furniture (e.g., stools, tables, 

benches)--are classified in U.S. Industry 337127, Institutional Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing electronic hearing aids--are classified in U.S. Industry 334510, Electromedical and 

Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing industrial protective eyewear--are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, Ophthalmic 

Goods Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing sporting goods helmets and protective equipment--are classified in Industry 

339920, Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing. 

339114 Dental Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dental equipment and 

supplies used by dental laboratories and offices of dentists, such as dental chairs, dental instrument delivery 

systems, dental hand instruments, and dental impression material and dental cements. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dentures, crowns, bridges, and orthodontic 

appliances customized for individual application are classified in U.S. Industry 339116, Dental 

Laboratories. 
339115 Ophthalmic Goods Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ophthalmic goods. 

Examples of products made by these establishments are prescription eyeglasses (except manufactured in a 

retail setting), contact lenses, sunglasses, eyeglass frames, and reading glasses made to standard powers, 

and protective eyewear. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing molded glass lens blanks--are classified in U.S. Industry 327212, Other Pressed 

and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing molded plastics lens blanks--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other 

Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Retailing and grinding prescription eyeglasses--are classified in Industry 446130, Optical Goods 

Stores. 

339116 Dental Laboratories US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dentures, crowns, 

bridges, and orthodontic appliances customized for individual application. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dental equipment and supplies are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339114, Dental Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing. 

3399 Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing 

33991 Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching jewelry; (2) manufacturing metal personal goods (i.e., small 

articles carried on or about the person, such as compacts or cigarette cases); (3) manufacturing, engraving, 

chasing, or etching precious metal solid, precious metal clad, or pewter cutlery and flatware; (4) 

manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching personal metal goods (i.e., small articles carried on or about 

the person, such as compacts or cigarette cases); (5) stamping coins; (6) manufacturing unassembled 

jewelry parts and stock shop products, such as sheet, wire, and tubing; (7) cutting, slabbing, tumbling, 

carving, engraving, polishing, or faceting precious or semiprecious stones and gems; (8) recutting, 

repolishing, and setting gem stones; and (9) drilling, sawing, and peeling cultured and costume pearls. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nonprecious and precious plated metal cutlery and flatware--are classified in 

Industry 33221, Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonprecious plated ware (except cutlery, flatware)--are classified in Industry 

33299, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Engraving, chasing, or etching nonprecious and precious plated metal flatware and other plated 

ware and plated jewelry--are classified in Industry 33281, Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and 

Allied Activities; 

 Manufacturing synthetic stones or gem stones--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing personal goods (except metal) carried on or about the person, such as compacts and 

cigarette cases--are classified in Industry 31699, Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing. 

339911 Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching precious metal solid or precious metal clad jewelry; (2) 

manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching personal goods (i.e., small articles carried on or about the 

person, such as compacts or cigarette cases) made of precious solid or clad metal; and (3) stamping coins. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching costume jewelry and nonprecious metal personal 

goods--are classified in U.S. Industry 339914, Costume Jewelry and Novelty Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing jewelers' materials or performing lapidary work--are classified in U.S. Industry 

339913, Jewelers' Material and Lapidary Work Manufacturing; and 

 Plating jewelry--are classified in U.S. Industry 332813, Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, 

Anodizing, and Coloring. 

339912 Silverware and Hollowware Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or 

etching precious metal solid, precious metal clad, or pewter flatware and other hollowware. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nonprecious and precious plated metal cutlery and flatware--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 332211, Cutlery and Flatware (except Precious) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing nonprecious metal plated ware (except cutlery and flatware)--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Engraving, chasing, or etching nonprecious and precious plated metal cutlery, flatware and other 

plated ware--are classified in U.S. Industry 332812, Metal Coating, Engraving (except Jewelry and 

Silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; and 

 Manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching precious (except precious plated) metal jewelry and 

personal goods--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing. 

339913 Jewelers' Material and Lapidary Work Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

manufacturing unassembled jewelry parts and stock shop products, such as sheet, wire, and tubing; (2) 

cutting, slabbing, tumbling, carving, engraving, polishing or faceting precious or semiprecious stones and 

gems; (3) recutting, repolishing, and setting gem stones; and (4) drilling, sawing, and peeling cultured 

pearls. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing synthetic stones--are classified in U.S. Industry 327999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing costume pearls--are classified in U.S. Industry 339914, Costume Jewelry and 

Novelty Manufacturing. 

339914 Costume Jewelry and Novelty Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing, engraving, chasing, 

and etching costume jewelry; and/or (2) manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching nonprecious metal 

personal goods (i.e., small articles carried on or about the person, such as compacts or cigarette cases). 

This industry includes establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing precious plated jewelry and 

precious plated personal goods. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching precious (except precious plated) metal jewelry and 

novelties--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing personal goods (except metal) carried on or about the person, such as compacts and 

cigarette cases--are classified in U.S. Industry 316993, Personal Leather Good (except Women's 

Handbag and Purse); and 

 Manufacturing synthetic stones--are classified in U.S. Industry 327999, All Other Miscellaneous 

Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing. 

33992 Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 339920 below. 

339920 Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sporting and athletic goods 

(except apparel and footwear). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing athletic apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing athletic footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear 

Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing small arms and small arms ammunition--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other 

Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. 

33993 Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dolls, toys, and games, such 

as complete dolls, doll parts, doll clothes, action figures, toys, games (including electronic), hobby kits, and 

children's vehicles (except metal bicycles and tricycles). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing bicycles and metal tricycles--are classified in Industry 33699, Other Transportation 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing sporting and athletic goods--are classified in Industry 33992, Sporting and Athletic 

Goods Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coin-operated game machines--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing electronic video game cartridges and reproducing video game software--are 

classified in Industry 33461, Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media. 

339931 Doll and Stuffed Toy Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing complete dolls, doll 

parts, and doll clothes, action figures, and stuffed toys. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing toys (except stuffed) are classified in U.S. Industry 

339932, Game, Toy, and Children's Vehicle Manufacturing. 

339932 Game, Toy, and Children's Vehicle Manufacturing US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing games (including 

electronic), toys, and children's vehicles (except bicycles and metal tricycles). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing dolls and stuffed toys--are classified in U.S. Industry 339931, Doll and Stuffed 

Toy Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal tricycles and bicycles--are classified in U.S. Industry 336991, Motorcycle, 

Bicycle, and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing sporting and athletic goods--are classified in Industry 339920, Sporting and 

Athletic Goods Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing coin-operated game machines--are classified in U.S. Industry 339999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing; and 

 Mass reproducing electronic video game cartridges--are classified in U.S. Industry 334611, 

Software Reproducing. 

33994 Office Supplies (except Paper) Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing office supplies. Examples of 

products made by these establishments are pens, pencils, felt tip markers, crayons, chalk, pencil sharpeners, 

staplers, hand operated stamps, modeling clay, and inked ribbons. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing writing, drawing, and india inks--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing drafting tables and boards--are classified in Industry 33712, Household and 

Institutional Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber erasers--are classified in Industry 32629, Other Rubber Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paper office supplies--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing manifold business forms, blankbooks, and looseleaf binders--are classified in 

Industry 32311, Printing; and 

 Manufacturing inkjet cartridges--are classified in Industry 32591, Printing Ink Manufacturing. 

339941 Pen and Mechanical Pencil Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pens, ballpoint pen 

refills and cartridges, mechanical pencils, and felt tipped markers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing nonmechanical pencils and pencil leads--are classified in U.S. Industry 339942, 

Lead Pencil and Art Good Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing writing, drawing, and india inks--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing rubber erasers--are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product 

Manufacturing. 

339942 Lead Pencil and Art Good Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonmechanical pencils, 

and art goods. Examples of products made by these establishments are pencil leads, crayons, chalk, framed 

blackboards, pencil sharpeners, staplers, artists' palettes and paints, and modeling clay. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing mechanical pencils--are classified in U.S. Industry 339941, Pen and Mechanical 

Pencil Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing writing, drawing, and india inks--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing rubber erasers--are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing paper office supplies--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; 

 Printing manifold business forms and manufacturing blankbooks and looseleaf binders and 

devices--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing; and 

 Manufacturing drafting tables and boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 337127, Institutional 

Furniture Manufacturing. 

339943 Marking Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing marking devices, such 

as hand operated stamps, embossing stamps, stamp pads, and stencils. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing felt tipped markers are classified in U.S. Industry 

339941, Pen and Mechanical Pencil Manufacturing. 

339944 Carbon Paper and Inked Ribbon Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing carbon paper and inked 

ribbons. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing inkjet cartridges are classified in Industry 325910, 

Printing Ink Manufacturing. 

33995 Sign Manufacturing 

 See industry description for 339950 below. 

339950 Sign Manufacturing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing signs and related displays of 

all materials (except printing paper and paperboard signs, notices, displays). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Printing advertising specialties or printing paper and paperboard signs, notices, and displays--are 

classified in Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Manufacturing and printing advertising specialties--are classified in the manufacturing sector 

according to products manufactured; 

 Manufacturing die-cut paperboard displays--are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other 

Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and 

 Sign lettering and painting--are classified in Industry 541890, Other Services Related to 

Advertising. 

33999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in miscellaneous manufacturing (except 

medical equipment and supplies, jewelry and flatware, sporting and athletic goods, dolls, toys, games, 

office supplies (except paper), and signs). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Artificial Christmas trees manufacturing 

Floor and dust mops manufacturing 

Burial caskets and cases manufacturing 

Gasket, packing, and sealing devices manufacturing 

Candles manufacturing 

Musical instruments (except toy) manufacturing 

Coin-operated amusement machines (except jukebox) manufacturing 

Portable fire extinguishers manufacturing 

Fasteners, buttons, needles, and pins (except precious metals or precious and semiprecious stones and 

gems) manufacturing 

Umbrellas manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing medical equipment and supplies--are classified in Industry Group 3391, Medical 

Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing jewelry and flatware--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing sporting and athletic goods--are classified in Industry 33992, Sporting and Athletic 

Goods Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dolls, toys, and games--are classified in Industry 33993, Doll, Toy, and Game 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing office supplies (except paper)--are classified in Industry 33994, Office Supplies 

(except Paper) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing signs--are classified in Industry 33995, Sign Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing concrete burial vaults--are classified in Industry 32739, Other Concrete Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing Christmas tree glass ornaments and glass lamp shades--are classified in Industry 

32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing Christmas tree lighting sets--are classified in Industry 33512, Lighting Fixture 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing beauty and barber chairs--are classified in Industry 33712, Household and 

Institutional Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing burnt wood articles--are classified in Industry 32199, All Other Wood Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Dressing and bleaching furs--are classified in Industry 31611, Leather and Hide Tanning and 

Finishing; 

 Manufacturing paper, textile, and metal lamp shades--are classified in Industry 33512, Lighting 

Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics lamp shades--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing matches--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and 

Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal products, such as metal combs and hair curlers--are classified in Industry 

33299, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics products, such as plastics combs and hair curlers--are classified in Industry 

32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing electric hair clippers for use on humans--are classified in Industry 33521, Small 

Electrical Appliance Manufacturing. 
339991 Gasket, Packing, and Sealing Device Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gaskets, packing, and 

sealing devices of all materials. 

339992 Musical Instrument Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing musical instruments 

(except toys). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing toy musical instruments are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339932, Game, Toy, and Children's Vehicle Manufacturing. 

339993 Fastener, Button, Needle, and Pin Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fasteners, buttons, 

needles, pins, and buckles (except precious metals or precious and semiprecious stones and gems). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing buttons, pins, and buckles made of precious metals or precious and semiprecious 

stones and gems--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing hypodermic and suture needles--are classified in U.S. Industry 339112, Surgical 

and Medical Instrument Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing phonograph and styli needles--are classified in U.S. Industry 334419, Other 

Electronic Component Manufacturing. 

339994 Broom, Brush, and Mop Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing brooms, mops, and 

brushes. 

339995 Burial Casket Manufacturing MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing burial caskets, cases, 

and vaults (except concrete). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete burial vaults are classified in Industry 

327390, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing. 

339999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in miscellaneous manufacturing (except 

medical equipment and supplies, jewelry and flatware, sporting and athletic goods, dolls, toys, games, 

office supplies (except paper), musical instruments, fasteners, buttons, needles, pins, brooms, brushes, 

mops, and burial caskets). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Artificial Christmas trees manufacturing 
Hair pieces (e.g., wigs, toupees, wiglets) manufacturing 

Candles manufacturing 

Portable fire extinguishers manufacturing 

Christmas tree ornaments (except glass and electric) manufacturing 

Potpourri manufacturing 

Cigarette lighters (except precious metal) manufacturing 

Tobacco pipes manufacturing 

Coin-operated amusement machines (except jukebox) manufacturing 

Umbrellas manufacturing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Manufacturing medical equipment and supplies--are classified in Industry Group 3391, Medical 

Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing jewelry and flatware--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing sporting and athletic goods--are classified in Industry 339920, Sporting and 

Athletic Goods Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing dolls, toys, and games--are classified in Industry 33993, Doll, Toy, and Game 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing office supplies (except paper)--are classified in Industry 33994, Office Supplies 

(except Paper) Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing signs--are classified in Industry 33995, Sign Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing gasket, packing, and sealing devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 339991, 

Gasket, Packing, and Sealing Device Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing musical instruments--are classified in U.S. Industry 339992, Musical Instrument 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing fasteners, buttons, needles, and pins--are classified in U.S. Industry 339993, 

Fastener, Button, Needle, and Pin Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing brooms, brushes, and mops--are classified in U.S. Industry 339994, Broom, Brush, 

and Mop Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing burial caskets--are classified in U.S. Industry 339995, Burial Casket 

Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing Christmas tree glass ornaments and glass lamp shades--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 327215, Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; 

 Manufacturing Christmas tree lighting sets--are classified in U.S. Industry 335129, Other Lighting 

Equipment Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing beauty and barber chairs--are classified in U.S. Industry 337127, Institutional 

Furniture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing burnt wood articles--are classified in U.S. Industry 321999, All Other 

Miscellaneous Wood Product Manufacturing; 

 Dressing and bleaching furs--are classified in Industry 316110, Leather and Hide Tanning and 

Finishing; 

 Manufacturing paper, textile, and metal lamp shades--are classified in U.S. Industry 335121, 

Residential Electric Lighting Fixture Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics lamp shades--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics 

Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing matches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous 

Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing metal products, such as metal combs and hair curlers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; 

 Manufacturing plastics products, such as plastics combs and hair curlers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and 
 Manufacturing electric hair clippers for use on humans--are classified in U.S. Industry 335211, 

Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing. 
Sector 42--Wholesale Trade 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Wholesale Trade sector comprises establishments engaged in wholesaling merchandise, generally 

without transformation, and rendering services incidental to the sale of merchandise. The merchandise 

described in this sector includes the outputs of agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and certain information 

industries, such as publishing. 

 The wholesaling process is an intermediate step in the distribution of merchandise. Wholesalers are 

organized to sell or arrange the purchase or sale of (a) goods for resale (i.e., goods sold to other wholesalers 

or retailers), (b) capital or durable nonconsumer goods, and (c) raw and intermediate materials and supplies 

used in production. 

 Wholesalers sell merchandise to other businesses and normally operate from a warehouse or office. 

These warehouses and offices are characterized by having little or no display of merchandise. In addition, 

neither the design nor the location of the premises is intended to solicit walk-in traffic. Wholesalers do not 

normally use advertising directed to the general public. Customers are generally reached initially via 

telephone, in-person marketing, or by specialized advertising that may include Internet and other electronic 

means. Follow-up orders are either vendor-initiated or client-initiated, generally based on previous sales, 

and typically exhibit strong ties between sellers and buyers. In fact, transactions are often conducted 

between wholesalers and clients that have long-standing business relationships. 

 This sector comprises two main types of wholesalers: merchant wholesalers that sell goods on their own 

account and business to business electronic markets, agents, and brokers that arrange sales and purchases 

for others generally for a commission or fee. 

 (1) Establishments that sell goods on their own account are known as wholesale merchants, distributors, 

jobbers, drop shippers, and import/export merchants. Also included as wholesale merchants are sales 

offices and sales branches (but not retail stores) maintained by manufacturing, refining, or mining 

enterprises apart from their plants or mines for the purpose of marketing their products. Merchant 

wholesale establishments typically maintain their own warehouse, where they receive and handle goods for 

their customers. Goods are generally sold without transformation, but may include integral functions, such 

as sorting, packaging, labeling, and other marketing services. 

 (2) Establishments arranging for the purchase or sale of goods owned by others or purchasing goods, 

generally on a commission basis are known as business to business electronic markets, agents and brokers, 

commission merchants, import/export agents and brokers, auction companies, and manufacturers' 

representatives. These establishments operate from offices and generally do not own or handle the goods 

they sell. 

 Some wholesale establishments may be connected with a single manufacturer and promote and sell the 

particular manufacturers' products to a wide range of other wholesalers or retailers. Other wholesalers may 

be connected to a retail chain, or limited number of retail chains, and only provide a variety of products 

needed by that particular retail operation(s). These wholesalers may obtain the products from a wide range 

of manufacturers. Still other wholesalers may not take title to the goods, but act as agents and brokers for a 

commission. 

 Although, in general, wholesaling normally denotes sales in large volumes, durable nonconsumer goods 

may be sold in single units. Sales of capital or durable nonconsumer goods used in the production of goods 

and services, such as farm machinery, medium and heavy duty trucks, and industrial machinery, are always 

included in wholesale trade. 

423 Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods US 

 Industries in the Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods subsector sell capital or durable goods to other 

businesses. Merchant wholesalers generally take title to the goods that they sell; in other words, they buy 

and sell goods on their own account. Durable goods are new or used items generally with a normal life 

expectancy of three years or more. Durable goods merchant wholesale trade establishments are engaged in 

wholesaling products, such as motor vehicles, furniture, construction materials, machinery and equipment 

(including household-type appliances), metals and minerals (except petroleum), sporting goods, toys and 

hobby goods, recyclable materials, and parts. 
 Business-to-business electronic markets, agents, and brokers primarily engaged in wholesaling durable 

goods, generally on a commission or fee basis, are classified in Subsector 425, Wholesale Electronic 

Markets and Agents and Brokers. 

4231 Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Parts and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of automobiles and other motor vehicles, motor vehicle supplies, tires, and new and used parts. 

42311 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423110 below. 

423110 Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of new 

and used passenger automobiles, trucks, trailers, and other motor vehicles, such as motorcycles, motor 

homes, and snowmobiles. 

42312 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423120 below. 

423120 Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

motor vehicle supplies, accessories, tools, and equipment; and new motor vehicle parts (except new tires 

and tubes). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of new and/or used tires and tubes--are classified in Industry 

423130, Tire and Tube Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of automotive chemicals (except lubricating oils and greases)--are 

classified in Industry 424690, Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of lubricating oils and greases--are classified in Industry 424720, 

Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); 

and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of used motor vehicle parts--are classified in Industry 423140, 

Motor Vehicle Parts (Used) Merchant Wholesalers. 

42313 Tire and Tube Merchant Wholesalers US

 See industry description for 423130 below. 

423130 Tire and Tube Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of new 

and/or used tires and tubes for passenger and commercial vehicles. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of other new automobile parts and accessories--are classified in 

Industry 423120, Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of other used automobile parts and accessories--are classified in 

Industry 423140, Motor Vehicle Parts (Used) Merchant Wholesalers. 

42314 Motor Vehicle Parts (Used) Merchant Wholesalers US 
 See industry description for 423140 below. 

423140 Motor Vehicle Parts (Used) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of used 

motor vehicle parts (except used tires and tubes) and establishments primarily engaged in dismantling 

motor vehicles for the purpose of selling the parts. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Dismantling motor vehicles for the purpose of selling scrap--are classified in Industry 423930, 

Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of new and/or used tires and tubes--are classified in Industry 

423130, Tire and Tube Merchant Wholesalers. 

4232 Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers US 

42321 Furniture Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423210 below. 

423210 Furniture Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

furniture (except hospital beds, medical furniture, and drafting tables). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Household-type furniture merchant wholesalers 

Outdoor furniture merchant wholesalers 

Mattresses merchant wholesalers 

Public building furniture merchant wholesalers 

Office furniture merchant wholesalers 

Religious furniture merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of partitions, shelving, lockers, and store fixtures--are classified 

in Industry 423440, Other Commercial Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of hospital beds and medical furniture--are classified in Industry 

423450, Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of drafting tables--are classified in Industry 423490, Other 

Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42322 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423220 below. 

423220 Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers US

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of home 

furnishings and/or housewares. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carpet merchant wholesalers 

Glassware merchant wholesalers 

Chinaware merchant wholesalers 
Household-type cooking utensil merchant wholesalers 

Curtain merchant wholesalers 

Lamp merchant wholesalers 

Drapery merchant wholesalers 

Linen (e.g., bath, bed, table) merchant wholesalers 

Floor covering merchant wholesalers 

Window blind and shade merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of electrical household-type goods--are classified in Industry 

423620, Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers; 

and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of precious metal flatware--are classified in Industry 423940, 

Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers. 

4233 Lumber and Other Construction Materials Merchant Wholesalers US 

42331 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panel Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423310 below. 

423310 Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panel Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

lumber; plywood; reconstituted wood fiber products; wood fencing; doors and windows and their frames 

(all materials); wood roofing and siding; and/or other wood or metal millwork. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of nonwood roofing and siding materials--are classified in 

Industry 423330, Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of timber and timber products, such as railroad ties, logs, 

firewood, and pulpwood--are classified in Industry 423990, Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods 

Merchant Wholesalers. 

42332 Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423320 below. 

423320 Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

stone, cement, lime, construction sand, and gravel; brick; asphalt and concrete mixtures; and/or concrete, 

stone, and structural clay products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of refractory brick and other refractory products--are classified in 

Industry 423840, Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Selling ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix Concrete 

Manufacturing. 

42333 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423330 below. 

423330 Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers US 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

nonwood roofing and nonwood siding and insulation materials. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of wood roofing and wood 

siding are classified in Industry 423310, Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panel Merchant 

Wholesalers. 

42339 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423390 below. 

423390 Other Construction Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) and/or prefabricated buildings and (2) establishments primarily 

engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of construction materials (except lumber, plywood, 

millwork, wood panels, brick, stone, roofing, siding, electrical and wiring supplies, and insulation 

materials). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Flat glass merchant wholesalers 

Prefabricated buildings (except wood) merchant wholesalers 

Ornamental ironwork merchant wholesalers 

Wire fencing and fencing accessories merchant wholesalers 

Plate glass merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of products of the primary metals industries--are classified in 

Industry 423510, Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of lumber; plywood; reconstituted wood fiber products; wood 

fencing; doors, windows, and their frames; wood roofing and wood siding; and other wood or 

metal millwork--are classified in Industry 423310, Lumber, Plywood, Millwork, and Wood Panel 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of stone, cement, lime, construction sand and gravel; brick; 

asphalt and concrete mixtures (except ready-mix concrete); and/or concrete, stone, and structural 

clay products--are classified in Industry 423320, Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Material 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of nonwood roofing, nonwood siding and insulation materials--

are classified in Industry 423330, Roofing, Siding, and Insulation Material Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of electrical supplies and wiring supplies--are classified in 

Industry 423610, Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment 

Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Selling ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix Concrete 

Manufacturing. 

4234 Professional and Commercial Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of photographic equipment and supplies; office, computer, and computer peripheral equipment; and 

medical, dental, hospital, ophthalmic, and other commercial and professional equipment and supplies. 
42341 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423410 below. 

423410 Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

photographic equipment and supplies (except office equipment). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Photofinishing equipment merchant wholesalers 

Television cameras merchant wholesalers 

Photographic camera equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Video cameras (except household-type) merchant wholesalers 

Photographic film merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of household-type video cameras--are classified in Industry 

423620, Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers; 

and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of office equipment, such as photocopy and microfilm 

equipment--are classified in Industry 423420, Office Equipment Merchant Wholesalers. 

42342 Office Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423420 below. 

423420 Office Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

office machines and related equipment (except computers and computer peripheral equipment). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Accounting machines merchant wholesalers 

Mailing machine merchant wholesalers 

Calculator and calculating machines merchant wholesalers 

Microfilm equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Cash register merchant wholesalers 

Security safe merchant wholesalers 

Copying machine merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of office furniture--are classified in Industry 423210, Furniture 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of computers and computer peripheral equipment--are classified 

in Industry 423430, Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of office supplies--are classified in Industry 424120, Stationery 

and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42343 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423430 below. 

423430 Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers US 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

computers, computer peripheral equipment, loaded computer boards, and/or computer software. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of modems and other electronic communications equipment--are 

classified in Industry 423690, Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Selling, planning, and designing computer systems that integrate computer hardware, software, 

and communication technologies--are classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems 

Design Services. 

42344 Other Commercial Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423440 below. 

423440 Other Commercial Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

commercial and related machines and equipment (except photographic equipment and supplies; office 

equipment; and computers and computer peripheral equipment and software) generally used in restaurants 

and stores. 

Illustrative Examples:

Balances and scales (except laboratory) merchant wholesalers 

Commercial shelving merchant wholesalers 

Coin-operated merchandising machine merchant wholesalers 

Electrical sign merchant wholesalers 

Commercial chinaware merchant wholesalers 

Partitions merchant wholesalers 

Commercial cooking equipment merchant wholesalers 

Store fixture (except refrigerated) merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of photographic equipment and supplies--are classified in 

Industry 423410, Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of office machines and related equipment--are classified in 

Industry 423420, Office Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of computers, computer peripheral equipment, and computer 

software--are classified in Industry 423430, Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and 

Software Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of laboratory scales and balances (except medical and dental)--

are classified in Industry 423490, Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of refrigerated store fixtures--are classified in Industry 423740, 

Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42345 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423450 below. 

423450 Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

professional medical equipment, instruments, and supplies (except ophthalmic equipment and instruments 

and goods used by ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dental equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Medical dressings merchant wholesalers 

Electromedical equipment merchant wholesalers 

Patient monitoring equipment merchant wholesalers 

Hospital beds merchant wholesalers 

Prosthetic appliance and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Hospital furniture merchant wholesalers 

Surgical instrument and apparatus merchant wholesalers 

Medical and dental X-ray machine merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of professional equipment, 

instruments and/or goods sold, prescribed, or used by ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians are 

classified in Industry 423460, Ophthalmic Goods Merchant Wholesalers. 

42346 Ophthalmic Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423460 below. 

423460 Ophthalmic Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

professional equipment, instruments, and/or goods sold, prescribed, or used by ophthalmologists, 

optometrists, and opticians. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Binocular merchant wholesalers 

Optometric equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Ophthalmic frame merchant wholesalers 

Sunglasses merchant wholesalers 

Ophthalmic lenses merchant wholesalers 

42349 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423490 below. 

423490 Other Professional Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

professional equipment and supplies (except ophthalmic goods and medical, dental, and hospital equipment 

and supplies). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Church supplies (except silverware, plated ware) merchant wholesalers 

School equipment and supplies (except books, furniture) merchant wholesalers 

Drafting tables and instruments merchant wholesalers 

Scientific instruments merchant wholesalers 

Laboratory equipment (except medical, dental) merchant wholesalers 

Surveying equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of professional equipment, instruments, and/or goods sold, 

prescribed, or used by ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians, such as ophthalmic frames 

and lenses, and sunglasses--are classified in Industry 423460, Ophthalmic Goods Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of medical professional equipment, instruments, and supplies 

used by medical and dental practitioners (except ophthalmic equipment, instruments, and goods 

used by ophthalmologists, optometrists, and opticians) and medical facilities--are classified in 

Industry 423450, Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of silverware and plated flatware--are classified in Industry 

423940, Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of books--are classified in Industry 424920, Book, Periodical, 

and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of school furniture--are classified in Industry 423210, Furniture 

Merchant Wholesalers. 

4235 Metal and Mineral (except Petroleum) Merchant Wholesalers US 

42351 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423510 below. 

423510 Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

products of the primary metals industries. Service centers maintain inventory and may perform functions, 

such as sawing, shearing, bending, leveling, cleaning, or edging, on a custom basis as part of sales 

transactions. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cast iron pipe merchant wholesalers 

Metal rod merchant wholesalers 

Metal bars (except precious) merchant wholesalers 

Metal sheet merchant wholesalers 

Metal ingots (except precious) merchant wholesalers 

Metal spike merchant wholesalers 

Metal pipe merchant wholesalers 

Nail merchant wholesalers 

Metal plate merchant wholesalers 

Noninsulated wire merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of gold, silver, and platinum--are classified in Industry 423940, 

Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of automotive, industrial, and other recyclable metal scrap--are 

classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of insulated wire--are classified in Industry 423610, Electrical 

Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers. 

42352 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423520 below. 
423520 Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers US

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of coal, 

coke, metal ores, and/or nonmetallic minerals (except precious and semiprecious stones and minerals used 

in construction, such as sand and gravel). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of nonmetallic minerals used in construction, such as sand and 

gravel--are classified in Industry 423320, Brick, Stone, and Related Construction Material 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of crude petroleum--are classified in Industry Group 4247, 

Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of precious and semiprecious stones and metals--are classified in 

Industry 423940, Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers. 

4236 Electrical and Electronic Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

42361 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant 

Wholesalers US

See industry description for 423610 below. 

423610 Electrical Apparatus and Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant 

Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

electrical construction materials; wiring supplies; electric light fixtures; light bulbs; and/or electrical power 

equipment for the generation, transmission, distribution, or control of electric energy. 

42362 Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423620 below. 

423620 Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

household-type electrical appliances, room air-conditioners, gas and electric clothes dryers, and/or 

household-type audio or video equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Electric water heater merchant wholesalers 

Household-type sewing machine merchant wholesalers 

Household-type radio (including automotive) merchant wholesalers 

Household-type video camera merchant wholesalers 

Household-type refrigerator merchant wholesalers 

Television set merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of gas household-type appliances (except gas clothes dryers)--are 

classified in Industry 423720, Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) 

Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of nonhousehold-type video cameras--are classified in Industry 

423410, Photographic Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42369 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 
 See industry description for 423690 below. 

423690 Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

electronic parts and equipment (except electrical apparatus and equipment, wiring supplies, and 

construction materials; electrical and electronic appliances; and television and radio sets). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Blank audio or video tape merchant wholesalers 

Communications equipment merchant wholesalers 

Blank compact disc (CD) merchant wholesalers 

Radar equipment merchant wholesalers 

Blank digital video disc (DVD) merchant wholesalers 

Telegraph equipment merchant wholesalers 

Blank diskette merchant wholesalers 

Telephone equipment merchant wholesalers 

Broadcasting equipment merchant wholesalers 

Unloaded computer board merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of household-type electrical appliances, and television and radio 

sets--are classified in Industry 423620, Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, and Radio 

Set Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of computers, computer peripheral equipment, and loaded 

computer boards--are classified in Industry 423430, Computer and Computer Peripheral 

Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of electrical construction materials, wiring supplies, electric light 

fixtures, light bulbs, and/or electrical power equipment for generation, transmission, distribution, 

or control of electric energy--are classified in Industry 423610, Electrical Apparatus and 

Equipment, Wiring Supplies, and Related Equipment Merchant Wholesalers. 

4237 Hardware, and Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

42371 Hardware Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423710 below. 

423710 Hardware Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

hardware, knives, or handtools. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Brads merchant wholesalers 

Knives (except disposable plastics) merchant wholesalers 

Cutlery merchant wholesalers 

Power handtools (e.g., drills, saws, sanders) merchant wholesalers 

Fasteners (e.g., bolts, nuts, rivets, screws) merchant wholesalers 

Staples merchant wholesalers 

Handtools (except motor vehicle, machinists' precision) merchant wholesalers 

Tacks merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Merchant wholesale distribution of nails, noninsulated wire, and screening--are classified in 

Industry 423510, Metal Service Centers and Other Metal Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of motor vehicle handtools and equipment--are classified in 

Industry 423120, Motor Vehicle Supplies and New Parts Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of machinists' precision handtools--are classified in Industry 

423830, Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of disposable plastics knives and eating utensils--are classified in 

Industry 424130, Industrial and Personal Service Paper Merchant Wholesalers. 

42372 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423720 below. 

423720 Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

plumbing equipment, hydronic heating equipment, household-type gas appliances (except gas clothes 

dryers), and/or supplies. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling and installing plumbing, heating and air conditioning equipment--are classified in Industry 

238220, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of warm air heating and air-conditioning equipment--are 

classified in Industry 423730, Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies 

Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of household-type electrical appliances, room air-conditioners, 

gas clothes dryers, and/or household-type audio or video equipment--are classified in Industry 

423620, Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers. 

42373 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers 

US 

 See industry description for 423730 below. 

423730 Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers 

US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

warm air heating and air-conditioning equipment and supplies. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air pollution control equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Nonportable electric baseboard heaters merchant wholesalers 

Air-conditioning equipment (except room units) merchant wholesalers 

Warm-air central heating equipment merchant wholesalers 

Automotive air-conditioners merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of household-type electrical appliances and room airconditioners--are classified in Industry 423620, Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, 

and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of hydronic heating equipment--are classified in Industry 423720, 

Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies (Hydronics) Merchant Wholesalers; and 
 Selling and installing warm air heating and air-conditioning equipment--are classified in Industry 

238220, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors. 

42374 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423740 below. 

423740 Refrigeration Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

refrigeration equipment (except household-type refrigerators, freezers, and air-conditioners). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cold storage machinery merchant wholesalers 

Refrigerated display cases merchant wholesalers 

Commercial refrigerators merchant wholesalers 

Water coolers merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of household-type refrigerators, freezers, and room airconditioners--are classified in Industry 423620, Electrical and Electronic Appliance, Television, 

and Radio Set Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of air-conditioning equipment (except room units)--are classified 

in Industry 423730, Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and Supplies Merchant 

Wholesalers. 

4238 Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of construction, mining, farm, garden, industrial, service establishment, and transportation machinery, 

equipment and supplies. 

42381 Construction and Mining (except Oil Well) Machinery and Equipment Merchant 

Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423810 below. 

423810 Construction and Mining (except Oil Well) Machinery and Equipment Merchant 

Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

specialized machinery, equipment, and related parts generally used in construction, mining (except oil 

well), and logging activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Excavating machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Road construction and maintenance machinery merchant wholesalers 

Forestry machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Scaffolding merchant wholesalers 

Mining cranes merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of oil well machinery and 

equipment are classified in Industry 423830, Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers. 
42382 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423820 below. 

423820 Farm and Garden Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

specialized machinery, equipment, and related parts generally used in agricultural, farm, and lawn and 

garden activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Animal feeders merchant wholesalers 

Milking machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Harvesting machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Planting machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Lawnmowers merchant wholesalers 

42383 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423830 below. 

423830 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

specialized machinery, equipment, and related parts generally used in manufacturing, oil well, and 

warehousing activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fluid power transmission equipment merchant wholesalers 

Metalworking machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Food-processing machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Oil well machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Materials handling machinery and equipment merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of specialized machinery, equipment, and related parts generally 

used in construction, mining (except oil well), and logging activities--are classified in Industry 

423810, Construction and Mining (except Oil Well) Machinery and Equipment Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of supplies used in machinery and equipment generally used in 

manufacturing, oil well, and warehousing activities--are classified in Industry 423840, Industrial 

Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42384 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423840 below. 

423840 Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

supplies for machinery and equipment generally used in manufacturing, oil well, and warehousing 

activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Industrial containers merchant wholesalers 

Refractory materials (e.g., brick, blocks, shapes) merchant wholesalers 

Industrial diamonds merchant wholesalers 

Welding supplies (except welding gases) merchant wholesalers 

Printing inks merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of hydraulic and pneumatic (fluid power) pumps, motors, pistons, 

and valves--are classified in Industry 423830, Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of welding gases--are classified in Industry 424690, Other 

Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers. 

42385 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423850 below. 

423850 Service Establishment Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

specialized equipment and supplies of the type used by service establishments (except specialized 

equipment and supplies used in offices, stores, hotels, restaurants, schools, health and medical facilities, 

photographic facilities, and specialized equipment used in transportation and construction activities). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Amusement park equipment merchant wholesalers 

Janitorial equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Beauty parlor equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Undertakers' equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Car wash equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Upholsterers' equipment and supplies (except fabrics) merchant wholesalers 

Drycleaning equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of janitorial and automotive chemicals--are classified in Industry 

424690, Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of piece goods, fabrics, knitting yarns (except industrial), thread 

and other notions--are classified in Industry 424310, Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods 

Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of industrial yarns--are classified in Industry 424990, Other 

Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers. 

42386 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423860 below. 

423860 Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

transportation equipment and supplies (except marine pleasure craft and motor vehicles). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aircraft merchant wholesalers 

Railroad cars merchant wholesalers 
Motorized passenger golf carts merchant wholesalers 

Ships merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of motor vehicles and motor vehicle parts--are classified in 

Industry Group 4231, Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Parts and Supplies Merchant 

Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of marine pleasure craft--are classified in Industry 423910, 

Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

4239 Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of sporting, recreational, toy, hobby, and jewelry goods and supplies, and precious stones and metals. 

42391 Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423910 below. 

423910 Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

sporting goods and accessories; billiard and pool supplies; sporting firearms and ammunition; and/or 

marine pleasure craft, equipment, and supplies. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of motor vehicles and trailers--are classified in Industry 423110, 

Automobile and Other Motor Vehicle Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of motorized passenger golf carts--are classified in Industry 

423860, Transportation Equipment and Supplies (except Motor Vehicle) Merchant Wholesalers; 

and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of athletic apparel and athletic footwear--are classified in 

Industry Group 4243, Apparel, Piece Goods, and Notions Merchant Wholesalers. 

42392 Toy and Hobby Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423920 below. 

423920 Toy and Hobby Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

games, toys, fireworks, playing cards, hobby goods and supplies, and/or related goods. 

42393 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423930 below. 

423930 Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

automotive scrap, industrial scrap, and other recyclable materials. Included in this industry are auto 

wreckers primarily engaged in dismantling motor vehicles for the purpose of wholesaling scrap. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Dismantling motor vehicles for the purpose of selling used parts--are classified in Industry 

423140, Motor Vehicle Parts (Used) Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage 

cans, and metals are sorted into distinct categories--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials 

Recovery Facilities. 

42394 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423940 below. 

423940 Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

jewelry, precious and semiprecious stones, precious metals and metal flatware, costume jewelry, watches, 

clocks, silverware, and/or jewelers' findings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of precious metal ores or concentrates--are classified in Industry 

423520, Coal and Other Mineral and Ore Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of nonprecious flatware--are classified in Industry 423220, Home 

Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers. 

42399 Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 423990 below. 

423990 Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

durable goods (except motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and supplies; furniture and home furnishings; 

lumber and other construction materials; professional and commercial equipment and supplies; metals and 

minerals (except petroleum); electrical goods; hardware, and plumbing and heating equipment and 

supplies; machinery, equipment and supplies; sporting and recreational goods and supplies; toy and hobby 

goods and supplies; recyclable materials; and jewelry, watches, precious stones and precious metals). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Musical instruments merchant wholesalers 

Prerecorded audio and video tapes and discs merchant wholesalers 

Phonograph records merchant wholesalers 

Prerecorded compact discs (CDs) and digital video discs (DVDs) merchant wholesalers 

Prerecorded audio and video cassettes merchant wholesalers 

Timber and timber products (except lumber) merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of automobiles and other motor vehicles, motor vehicle supplies, 

tires, and new and used parts--are classified in Industry Group 4231, Motor Vehicle and Motor 

Vehicle Parts and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of furniture and home furnishings--are classified in Industry 

Group 4232, Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of lumber, plywood, millwork, wood panels, brick, stone, 

roofing, siding, and other nonelectrical construction materials--are classified in Industry Group 

4233, Lumber and Other Construction Materials Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of photographic; office; computer and computer peripheral; 

medical, dental, hospital, ophthalmic; and other commercial and professional equipment and 
supplies--are classified in Industry Group 4234, Professional and Commercial Equipment and 

Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of coal and other minerals and ores and semifinished metal 

products--are classified in Industry Group 4235, Metal and Mineral (except Petroleum) Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of electrical goods--are classified in Industry Group 4236, 

Electrical and Electronic Goods Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of hardware; and plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and 

refrigeration equipment and supplies--are classified in Industry Group 4237, Hardware, and 

Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of construction, mining, farm, garden, industrial, service 

establishment, and transportation machinery, equipment and supplies--are classified in Industry 

Group 4238, Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of sporting goods and accessories; billiard and pool supplies; 

sporting firearms and ammunition; and/or marine pleasure craft, equipment, and supplies--are 

classified in Industry 423910, Sporting and Recreational Goods and Supplies Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of toys, fireworks, playing cards, hobby goods and supplies 

and/or related goods--are classified in Industry 423920, Toy and Hobby Goods and Supplies 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of automotive, industrial, and other recyclable materials--are 

classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of jewelry, precious and semiprecious stones, precious metals and 

metal flatware, costume jewelry, watches, clocks, silverware, and/or jewelers' findings--are 

classified in Industry 423940, Jewelry, Watch, Precious Stone, and Precious Metal Merchant 

Wholesalers. 

424 Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods US 

 Industries in the Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods subsector sell nondurable goods to other 

businesses. Nondurable goods are items generally with a normal life expectancy of less than three years. 

Nondurable goods merchant wholesale trade establishments are engaged in wholesaling products, such as 

paper and paper products, chemicals and chemical products, drugs, textiles and textile products, apparel, 

footwear, groceries, farm products, petroleum and petroleum products, alcoholic beverages, books, 

magazines, newspapers, flowers and nursery stock, and tobacco products. 

 The detailed industries within the subsector are organized in the classification structure based on the 

products sold. 

 Business to business electronic markets, agents, and brokers primarily engaged in wholesaling 

nondurable goods, generally on a commission or fee basis, are classified in Subsector 425, Wholesale 

Electronic Markets and Agents and Brokers. 

4241 Paper and Paper Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

42411 Printing and Writing Paper Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424110 below. 

 

424110 Printing and Writing Paper Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of bulk 

printing and/or writing paper generally on rolls for further processing. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bulk envelope paper merchant wholesalers 

Bulk paper (e.g., fine, printing, writing) merchant wholesalers 
Bulk groundwood paper merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of stationery are classified in 

Industry 424120, Stationery and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42412 Stationery and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424120 below. 

 

424120 Stationery and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

stationery, office supplies, and/or gift wrap. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Computer paper supplies merchant wholesalers 

Photocopy supplies merchant wholesalers 

Envelope merchant wholesalers 

Social stationery merchant wholesalers 

File cards and folders merchant wholesalers 

Typewriter paper merchant wholesalers 

Greeting cards merchant wholesalers 

Writing pens merchant wholesalers 

Pencils merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of bulk printing and/or writing 

paper are classified in Industry 424110, Printing and Writing Paper Merchant Wholesalers. 

42413 Industrial and Personal Service Paper Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424130 below. 

 

424130 Industrial and Personal Service Paper Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of kraft 

wrapping and other coarse paper, paperboard, converted paper (except stationery and office supplies), 

and/or related disposable plastics products. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Disposable plastics eating utensils merchant wholesalers 

Paper napkins merchant wholesalers 

Paper and disposable plastics dishes merchant wholesalers 

Paperboard and disposable plastics boxes merchant wholesalers 

Paper and disposable plastics shipping supplies merchant wholesalers 

Plastics bags merchant wholesalers 

Paper bags merchant wholesalers 

Sanitary paper products merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of stationery, office supplies, 

and/or gift wrap are classified in Industry 424120, Stationery and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 
4242 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers US 

42421 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424210 below. 

424210 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

biological and medical products; botanical drugs and herbs; and pharmaceutical products intended for 

internal and external consumption in such forms as ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, 

solutions, and suspensions. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Antibiotics merchant wholesalers 

Endocrine substances merchant wholesalers 

Blood derivatives merchant wholesalers 

In-vitro and in-vivo diagnostics merchant wholesalers 

Botanicals merchant wholesalers 

Vaccines merchant wholesalers 

Cosmetics merchant wholesalers 

Vitamins merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of surgical, dental, and hospital 

equipment are classified in Industry 423450, Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies 

Merchant Wholesalers. 

4243 Apparel, Piece Goods, and Notions Merchant Wholesalers US 

42431 Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424310 below. 

424310 Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of piece 

goods, fabrics, knitting yarns (except industrial), thread and other notions, and/or hair accessories. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged as converters who buy fabric goods in the grey, have them 

finished on a contract basis, and sell at wholesale are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and 

Fabric Finishing Mills. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in merchant wholesale distribution of industrial yarns are 

classified in Industry 424990, Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers. 

42432 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Furnishings Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424320 below. 

424320 Men's and Boys' Clothing and Furnishings Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

men's and/or boys' clothing and furnishings. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Men's and boys' hosiery merchant wholesalers 

Men's and boys' suits merchant wholesalers 

Men's and boys' nightwear merchant wholesalers 

Men's and boys' underwear merchant wholesalers 

Men's and boys' sportswear merchant wholesalers 

Men's and boys' work clothing merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of unisex clothing and men's fur 

clothing are classified in Industry 424330, Women's, Children's, and Infants' Clothing and Accessories 

Merchant Wholesalers. 

42433 Women's, Children's, and Infants' Clothing and Accessories Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424330 below. 

424330 Women's, Children's, and Infants' Clothing and Accessories Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of (1) 

women's, children's, infants', and/or unisex clothing and accessories and/or (2) fur clothing. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dresses merchant wholesalers 

Millinery merchant wholesalers 

Fur clothing merchant wholesalers 

Women's, children's, and infants' hosiery merchant wholesalers 

Lingerie merchant wholesalers 

42434 Footwear Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424340 below. 

424340 Footwear Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

footwear (including athletic) of leather, rubber, and other materials. 

4244 Grocery and Related Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

42441 General Line Grocery Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424410 below. 

424410 General Line Grocery Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of a 

general line (wide range) of groceries. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of a specialized line of groceries 

are classified elsewhere in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade, according to the product sold. 

42442 Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424420 below. 
424420 Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

packaged frozen foods (except dairy products). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Frozen bakery products merchant wholesalers 

Packaged frozen fish merchant wholesalers 

Frozen juices merchant wholesalers 

Packaged frozen meats merchant wholesalers 

Frozen vegetables merchant wholesalers 

Packaged frozen poultry merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of frozen dairy products are 

classified in Industry 424430, Dairy Product (except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers. 

42443 Dairy Product (except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424430 below. 

424430 Dairy Product (except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of dairy 

products (except dried or canned). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Butter merchant wholesalers 

Fluid milk (except canned) merchant wholesalers 

Cheese merchant wholesalers 

Ice cream and ices merchant wholesalers 

Cream merchant wholesalers 

Yogurt merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of dried or canned dairy products and dairy substitutes--are 

classified in Industry 424490, Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Pasteurizing and bottling milk--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk Manufacturing. 

42444 Poultry and Poultry Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424440 below. 

424440 Poultry and Poultry Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

poultry and/or poultry products (except canned and packaged frozen). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of packaged frozen poultry--are classified in Industry 424420, 

Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers; 
 Merchant wholesale distribution of canned poultry--are classified in Industry 424490, Other 

Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Slaughtering and dressing poultry--are classified in U.S. Industry 311615, Poultry Processing. 

42445 Confectionery Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424450 below. 

424450 Confectionery Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

confectioneries; salted or roasted nuts; popcorn; potato, corn, and similar chips; and/or fountain fruits and 

syrups. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of frozen pretzels--are classified in Industry 424420, Packaged 

Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of pretzels (except frozen)--are classified in Industry 424490, 

Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers. 

42446 Fish and Seafood Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424460 below. 

 

424460 Fish and Seafood Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of fish 

and seafood (except canned or packaged frozen). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of packaged frozen fish and seafood--are classified in Industry 

424420, Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of canned fish and seafood--are classified in Industry 424490, 

Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Canning, smoking, salting, drying, or freezing seafood and shucking and packing fresh shellfish--

are classified in Industry 31171, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging. 

42447 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424470 below. 

424470 Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

meats and meat products (except canned and packaged frozen) and/or lard. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of packaged frozen meats--are classified in Industry 424420, 

Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of canned meats--are classified in Industry 424490, Other 

Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Preparing boxed beef--are classified in U.S. Industry 311612, Meat Processed from Carcasses. 

42448 Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424480 below. 
424480 Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of fresh 

fruits and vegetables. 

42449 Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424490 below. 

424490 Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

groceries and related products (except a general line of groceries); packaged frozen food; dairy products 

(except dried and canned); poultry products (except canned); confectioneries; fish and seafood (except 

canned); meat products (except canned); and fresh fruits and vegetables). Included in this industry are 

establishments primarily engaged in the bottling and merchant wholesale distribution of spring and mineral 

waters processed by others. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bakery products (except frozen) merchant wholesalers 

Canned seafood merchant wholesalers 

Canned fish merchant wholesalers 

Canned vegetables merchant wholesalers 

Canned fruits merchant wholesalers 

Dried milk merchant wholesalers 

Canned meats merchant wholesalers 

Soft drinks merchant wholesalers 

Canned milk merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of grains, field beans, livestock, and other farm product raw 

materials--are classified in Industry Group 4245, Farm Product Raw Material Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of beer, wine, and distilled alcoholic beverages--are classified in 

Industry Group 4248, Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Bottling soft drinks--are classified in Industry 31211, Soft Drink and Ice Manufacturing; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of a general line of groceries--are classified in Industry 424410, 

General Line Grocery Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of packaged frozen foods (except dairy)--are classified in 

Industry 424420, Packaged Frozen Food Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of dairy products--are classified in Industry 424430, Dairy 

Product (except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of poultry and poultry products (except canned and packaged 

frozen)--are classified in Industry 424440, Poultry and Poultry Product Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of confectioneries; salted or roasted nuts; popcorn; potato, corn, 

and similar chips; and/or fountain fruits and syrups--are classified in Industry 424450, 

Confectionery Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of fish and seafoods (except canned and packaged frozen)--are 

classified in Industry 424460, Fish and Seafood Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of meats (except canned and packaged frozen)--are classified in 

Industry 424470, Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of fresh fruits and vegetables--are classified in Industry 424480, 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers; 
 Purifying and bottling water--are classified in U.S. Industry 312112, Bottled Water 

Manufacturing; and 

 Roasting coffee--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing. 

4245 Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of agricultural products (except raw milk, live poultry, and fresh fruit and vegetables), such as grains, field 

beans, livestock, and other farm product raw materials (excluding seeds). 

42451 Grain and Field Bean Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424510 below. 

424510 Grain and Field Bean Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

grains, such as corn, wheat, oats, barley, and unpolished rice; dry beans; and soybeans and other inedible 

beans. Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in operating country or terminal 

grain elevators primarily for the purpose of wholesaling. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of field and garden seeds--are classified in Industry 424910, Farm 

Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Operating grain elevators for storage only--are classified in Industry 493130, Farm Product 

Warehousing and Storage. 

42452 Livestock Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424520 below. 

424520 Livestock Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

livestock (except horses and mules). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cattle merchant wholesalers 

Hogs merchant wholesalers 

Goats merchant wholesalers 

Sheep merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of horses and mules are 

classified in Industry 424590, Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers. 

42459 Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424590 below. 

424590 Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of farm 

products (except grain and field beans, livestock, raw milk, live poultry, and fresh fruits and vegetables). 

Illustrative Examples: 
Chicks merchant wholesalers 

Mules merchant wholesalers 

Hides merchant wholesalers 

Raw cotton merchant wholesalers 

Horses merchant wholesalers 

Raw pelts merchant wholesalers 

Leaf tobacco merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of raw milk--are classified in Industry 424430, Dairy Product 

(except Dried or Canned) Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of live poultry (except chicks)--are classified in Industry 424440, 

Poultry and Poultry Product Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of grain, dry beans, and soybeans and other inedible beans--are 

classified in Industry 424510, Grain and Field Bean Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of livestock (except horses and mules), such as cattle, hogs, 

sheep, and goats--are classified in Industry 424520, Livestock Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of fresh fruits and vegetables--are classified in Industry 424480, 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers. 

4246 Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of chemicals, plastics materials and basic forms and shapes, and allied products. 

42461 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424610 below. 

424610 Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

plastics materials and resins, and unsupported plastics film, sheet, sheeting, rod, tube, and other basic forms 

and shapes. 

42469 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424690 below. 

424690 Other Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

chemicals and allied products (except agricultural and medicinal chemicals, paints and varnishes, 

fireworks, and plastics materials and basic forms and shapes). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Acids merchant wholesalers 

Industrial chemicals merchant wholesalers 

Automotive chemicals (except lubricating oils and greases) merchant wholesalers 

Industrial salts merchant wholesalers 

Dyestuffs merchant wholesalers 

Rosins merchant wholesalers 

Explosives (except ammunition and fireworks) merchant wholesalers 

Turpentine merchant wholesalers 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of ammunition--are classified in Industry Group 4239, 

Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of biological and medical products; botanical drugs and herbs; 

and pharmaceutical products intended for internal and external consumption in such forms as 

ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, solutions, and suspensions--are classified in 

Industry 424210, Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of farm supplies, such as animal feeds, fertilizers, agricultural 

chemicals, pesticides, seeds and plant bulbs--are classified in Industry 424910, Farm Supplies 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of paints, and varnishes and similar coatings, pigments, 

wallpaper, and supplies, such as paint brushes and rollers--are classified in Industry 424950, Paint, 

Varnish, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of lubricating oils and greases--are classified in Industry 424720, 

Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of fireworks--are classified in Industry 423920, Toy and Hobby 

Goods and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of plastics materials and resins, and unsupported plastics film, 

sheet, sheeting, rod, tube, and other basic forms and shapes--are classified in Industry 424610, 

Plastics Materials and Basic Forms and Shapes Merchant Wholesalers. 

4247 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers US 

42471 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals US 

 See industry description for 424710 below. 

424710 Petroleum Bulk Stations and Terminals US 

 This industry comprises establishments with bulk liquid storage facilities primarily engaged in the 

merchant wholesale distribution of crude petroleum and petroleum products, including liquefied petroleum 

gas. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in bulk storage of petroleum are classified in Industry 493190, Other 

Warehousing and Storage. 

42472 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and 

Terminals) US 

 See industry description for 424720 below. 

424720 Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and 

Terminals) US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

petroleum and petroleum products (except from bulk liquid storage facilities). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bottled liquid petroleum gas merchant wholesalers 

Gasoline merchant wholesalers (except bulk stations, terminals) 

Fuel oil merchant wholesalers (except bulk stations, terminals) 

Lubricating oil and grease merchant wholesalers (except bulk stations, terminals) 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of crude petroleum and 

petroleum products from bulk liquid storage facilities are classified in Industry 424710, Petroleum Bulk 

Stations and Terminals. 

4248 Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers US 

42481 Beer and Ale Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424810 below. 

424810 Beer and Ale Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of beer, 

ale, porter, and other fermented malt beverages. 

 

42482 Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424820 below. 

 

424820 Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of wine, 

distilled alcoholic beverages, and/or neutral spirits and ethyl alcohol used in blended wines and distilled 

liquors. 

4249 Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution 

of nondurable goods, such as farm supplies; books, periodicals and newspapers; flowers; nursery stock; 

paints; varnishes; tobacco and tobacco products; and other miscellaneous nondurable goods, such as cut 

Christmas trees and pet supplies. 

 

42491 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424910 below. 

424910 Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of farm 

supplies, such as animal feeds, fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, pesticides, plant seeds, and plant bulbs. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of pet food--are classified in Industry 424490, Other Grocery and 

Related Products Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of grains--are classified in Industry 424510, Grain and Field Bean 

Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of pet supplies--are classified in Industry 424990, Other 

Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of nursery stock (except seeds and plant bulbs)--are classified in 

Industry 424930, Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42492 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424920 below. 

424920 Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers US 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

books, periodicals, and newspapers. 

42493 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424930 below. 

424930 Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

flowers, florists' supplies, and/or nursery stock (except plant seeds and plant bulbs). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of cut Christmas trees--are classified in Industry 424990, Other 

Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of plant seeds and plant bulbs--are classified in Industry 424910, 

Farm Supplies Merchant Wholesalers. 

42494 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424940 below. 

 

424940 Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

tobacco products, such as cigarettes, snuff, cigars, and pipe tobacco. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of leaf tobacco are classified in 

Industry 424590, Other Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers. 

42495 Paint, Varnish, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424950 below. 

424950 Paint, Varnish, and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

paints, varnishes, and similar coatings; pigments; wallpaper; and supplies, such as paint brushes and rollers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of artists' paints are classified in 

Industry 424990, Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers. 

42499 Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 See industry description for 424990 below. 

424990 Other Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of 

nondurable goods (except printing and writing paper; stationery and office supplies; industrial and personal 

service paper; drugs and druggists' sundries; apparel, piece goods, and notions; grocery and related 

products; farm product raw materials; chemical and allied products; petroleum and petroleum products; 

beer, wine, and distilled alcoholic beverages; farm supplies; books, periodicals and newspapers; flower, 

nursery stock and florists' supplies; tobacco and tobacco products; and paint, varnishes, wallpaper, and 

supplies). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Artists' supplies merchant wholesalers 

Pet supplies (except pet food) merchant wholesalers 

Burlap merchant wholesalers 

Statuary goods (except religious) merchant wholesalers 

Christmas trees merchant wholesalers 

Textile bags merchant wholesalers 

Industrial yarn merchant wholesalers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Distribution of advertising specialties--are classified in Industry 541890, Other Services Related to 

Advertising; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of farm supplies--are classified in Industry 424910, Farm 

Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of books, periodicals, and newspapers--are classified in Industry 

424920, Book, Periodical, and Newspaper Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of flowers, nursery stock, and florists' supplies--are classified in 

Industry 424930, Flower, Nursery Stock, and Florists' Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of tobacco and its products--are classified in Industry 424940, 

Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of paints, varnishes, and similar coatings; pigments; wallpaper; 

and supplies--are classified in Industry 424950, Paint, Varnish, and Supplies Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of bulk printing and/or writing paper--are classified in Industry 

424110, Printing and Writing Paper Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of stationery, office supplies, and/or gift wrap--are classified in 

Industry 424120, Stationery and Office Supplies Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of wrapping and other coarse paper, paperboard, converted paper 

(except stationery and office supplies), and related disposable plastics products--are classified in 

Industry 424130, Industrial and Personal Service Paper Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of biological and medical products; botanical drugs and herbs; 

and pharmaceutical products intended for internal and external consumption--are classified in 

Industry 424210, Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of clothing and accessories, footwear, piece goods, yard goods, 

notions, and/or hair accessories--are classified in Industry Group 4243, Apparel, Piece Goods, and 

Notions Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of meat, poultry, seafood, confectioneries, fruits and vegetables; 

and other groceries and related products--are classified in Industry Group 4244, Grocery and 

Related Product Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of grains, field beans, livestock, and other farm product raw 

materials--are classified in Industry Group 4245, Farm Product Raw Material Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of chemicals; plastics materials and basic forms and shapes; and 

allied products--are classified in Industry Group 4246, Chemical and Allied Products Merchant 

Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of petroleum and petroleum products--are classified in Industry 

Group 4247, Petroleum and Petroleum Products Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of beer, ale, wine, and distilled alcoholic beverages--are classified 

in Industry Group 4248, Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of pet foods--are classified in Industry 424490, Other Grocery 

and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers; 
 Merchant wholesale distribution of religious statuary--are classified in Industry 423990, Other 

Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; and 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of knitting yarns (except industrial)--are classified in Industry 

424310, Piece Goods, Notions, and Other Dry Goods Merchant Wholesalers. 

425 Wholesale Electronic Markets and Agents and Brokers CAN 

 Industries in the Wholesale Electronic Markets and Agents and Brokers subsector arrange for the sale of 

goods owned by others, generally on a fee or commission basis. They act on behalf of the buyers and 

sellers of goods. This subsector contains agents and brokers as well as business to business electronic 

markets that facilitate wholesale trade. 

4251 Wholesale Electronic Markets and Agents and Brokers CAN 

42511 Business to Business Electronic Markets CAN 

 See industry description for 425110 below. 

425110 Business to Business Electronic Markets CAN 

 This industry comprises business-to-business electronic markets bringing together buyers and sellers of 

goods using the Internet or other electronic means and generally receiving a commission or fee for the 

service. Business-to-business electronic markets for durable and nondurable goods are included in this 

industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in bringing together buyers and sellers of goods using the Internet in a 

business-to-consumer or consumer-to-consumer environment are classified in Industry 45411, Electronic 

Shopping and Mail-Order Houses. 

42512 Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers CAN 

 See industry description for 425120 below. 

425120 Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers CAN 

 This industry comprises wholesale trade agents and brokers acting on behalf of buyers or sellers in the 

wholesale distribution of goods. Agents and brokers do not take title to the goods being sold but rather 

receive a commission or fee for their service. Agents and brokers for all durable and nondurable goods are 

included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Independent sales representatives 

Manufacturers' sales representatives 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments acting in the capacity of agents or brokers that operate using the Internet or other 

electronic means instead of a sales force are classified in Industry 425110, Business to Business Electronic 

Markets. 
Sector 44-45--Retail Trade 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Retail Trade sector comprises establishments engaged in retailing merchandise, generally without 

transformation, and rendering services incidental to the sale of merchandise. 

 The retailing process is the final step in the distribution of merchandise; retailers are, therefore, organized 

to sell merchandise in small quantities to the general public. This sector comprises two main types of 

retailers: store and nonstore retailers. 

1. Store retailers operate fixed point-of-sale locations, located and designed to attract a high volume of 

walk-in customers. In general, retail stores have extensive displays of merchandise and use mass-media 

advertising to attract customers. They typically sell merchandise to the general public for personal or 

household consumption, but some also serve business and institutional clients. These include 

establishments, such as office supply stores, computer and software stores, building materials dealers, 

plumbing supply stores, and electrical supply stores. Catalog showrooms, gasoline stations, automotive 

dealers, and mobile home dealers are treated as store retailers. 

 In addition to retailing merchandise, some types of store retailers are also engaged in the provision of 

after-sales services, such as repair and installation. For example, new automobile dealers, electronics and 

appliance stores, and musical instrument and supplies stores often provide repair services. As a general 

rule, establishments engaged in retailing merchandise and providing after-sales services are classified in 

this sector. 

 The first eleven subsectors of retail trade are store retailers. The establishments are grouped into 

industries and industry groups typically based on one or more of the following criteria: 

 (a) The merchandise line or lines carried by the store; for example, specialty stores are distinguished from 

general-line stores. 

 (b) The usual trade designation of the establishments. This criterion applies in cases where a store type is 

well recognized by the industry and the public, but difficult to define strictly in terms of merchandise lines 

carried; for example, pharmacies, hardware stores, and department stores. 

 (c) Capital requirements in terms of display equipment; for example, food stores have equipment 

requirements not found in other retail industries. 

 (d) Human resource requirements in terms of expertise; for example, the staff of an automobile dealer 

requires knowledge in financing, registering, and licensing issues that are not necessary in other retail 

industries. 

2. Nonstore retailers, like store retailers, are organized to serve the general public, but their retailing 

methods differ. The establishments of this subsector reach customers and market merchandise with 

methods, such as the broadcasting of "infomercials," the broadcasting and publishing of direct-response 

advertising, the publishing of paper and electronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home 

demonstration, selling from portable stalls (street vendors, except food), and distribution through vending 

machines. Establishments engaged in the direct sale (nonstore) of products, such as home heating oil 

dealers and home delivery newspaper routes are included here. 

 The buying of goods for resale is a characteristic of retail trade establishments that particularly 

distinguishes them from establishments in the agriculture, manufacturing, and construction industries. For 

example, farms that sell their products at or from the point of production are not classified in retail, but 

rather in agriculture. Similarly, establishments that both manufacture and sell their products to the general 

public are not classified in retail, but rather in manufacturing. However, establishments that engage in 

processing activities incidental to retailing are classified in retail. This includes establishments, such as 

optical goods stores that do in-store grinding of lenses, and meat and seafood markets. 

 Wholesalers also engage in the buying of goods for resale, but they are not usually organized to serve the 

general public. They typically operate from a warehouse or office and neither the design nor the location of 
these premises is intended to solicit a high volume of walk-in traffic. Wholesalers supply institutional, 

industrial, wholesale, and retail clients; their operations are, therefore, generally organized to purchase, sell, 

and deliver merchandise in larger quantities. However, dealers of durable nonconsumer goods, such as 

farm machinery and heavy duty trucks, are included in wholesale trade even if they often sell these 

products in single units. 

441 Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers CAN

 Industries in the Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers subsector retail motor vehicles and parts from fixed 

point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector typically operate from a showroom and/or an open 

lot where the vehicles are on display. The display of vehicles and the related parts require little by way of 

display equipment. The personnel generally include both the sales and sales support staff familiar with the 

requirements for registering and financing a vehicle as well as a staff of parts experts and mechanics trained 

to provide repair and maintenance services for the vehicles. Specific industries have been included in this 

subsector to identify the type of vehicle being retailed. 

 Sales of capital or durable nonconsumer goods, such as medium and heavy-duty trucks, are always 

included in wholesale trade. These goods are virtually never sold through retail methods. 

4411 Automobile Dealers CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and used automobiles 

and light trucks, such as sport utility vehicles, and passenger and cargo vans. 

44111 New Car Dealers CAN

 See industry description for 441110 below. 

441110 New Car Dealers CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new automobiles and light trucks, 

such as sport utility vehicles, and passenger and cargo vans, or retailing these new vehicles in combination 

with activities, such as repair services, retailing used cars, and selling replacement parts and accessories. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automobile dealers, new only, or new and used 

Light utility truck dealers, new only, or new and used 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing used automobiles and light trucks without retailing new automobiles and light trucks--

are classified in Industry 441120, Used Car Dealers; and 

 Providing automotive repair services without retailing new automotive vehicles--are classified in 

Industry Group 8111, Automotive Repair and Maintenance. 

44112 Used Car Dealers CAN 

 See industry description for 441120 below. 

441120 Used Car Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing used automobiles and light trucks, 

such as sport utility vehicles, and passenger and cargo vans. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Antique auto dealers 

Light truck dealers, used only 
Automobile dealers, used only 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in retailing new automobiles and light trucks are classified in Industry 

441110, New Car Dealers. 

4412 Other Motor Vehicle Dealers CAN

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and used vehicles 

(except automobiles, light trucks, such as sport utility vehicles, and passenger and cargo vans). 

44121 Recreational Vehicle Dealers CAN 

 See industry description for 441210 below. 

 

441210 Recreational Vehicle Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used recreational 

vehicles commonly referred to as RVs or retailing these new vehicles in combination with activities, such 

as repair services and selling replacement parts and accessories. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Motor home dealers 

Recreational vehicle parts and accessories stores 

Recreational vehicle (RV) dealers 

Travel trailer dealers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new or used boat trailers and utility trailers--are classified in Industry 44122, 

Motorcycle, Boat, and Other Motor Vehicle Dealers; and 

 Retailing manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes), parts, and equipment--are classified in 

Industry 453930, Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers. 

44122 Motorcycle, Boat, and Other Motor Vehicle Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and used motorcycles, boats, 

and other vehicles (except automobiles, light trucks, and recreational vehicles), or retailing these new 

vehicles in combination with activities, such as repair services and selling replacement parts and 

accessories. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aircraft dealers 

Motorcycle dealers 

All-terrain vehicle (ATV) dealers 

Utility trailer dealers 

Boat dealers, new and used 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new nonmotorized bicycles, surfboards, or wind sail boards--are classified in Industry 

45111, Sporting Goods Stores; 

 Retailing used nonmotorized bicycles, surfboards, or wind sail boards--are classified in Industry 

45331, Used Merchandise Stores; 
 Retailing new or used automobiles and light trucks--are classified in Industry Group 4411, 

Automobile Dealers; 

 Retailing new or used recreational vehicles, such as travel trailers--are classified in Industry 

44121, Recreational Vehicle Dealers; 

 Providing repair services for vehicles without retailing new vehicles--are classified in the 

appropriate industry for the repair services; and 

 Retailing fuel and marine supplies at a marina--are classified in Industry 71393, Marinas. 

441221 Motorcycle, ATV, and Personal Watercraft Dealers US

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used motorcycles, 

motor scooters, motorbikes, mopeds, off-road all-terrain vehicles, and personal watercraft, or retailing these 

new vehicles in combination with repair services and selling replacement parts and accessories. 

Illustrative Examples: 

All-terrain vehicle (ATV) dealers 

Motorcycle parts and accessories dealers 

Moped dealers 

Personal watercraft dealers 

Motorcycle dealers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing motorcycle repair services without retailing new motorcycles--are classified in Industry 

811490, Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; 

 Retailing new nonmotorized bicycles--are classified in Industry 451110, Sporting Goods Stores; 

 Retailing used nonmotorized bicycles--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise 

Stores; and 

 Retailing new or used boats--are classified in U.S. Industry 441222, Boat Dealers. 

441222 Boat Dealers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) retailing new and/or used boats or 

retailing new boats in combination with activities, such as repair services and selling replacement parts and 

accessories, and/or (2) retailing new and/or used outboard motors, boat trailers, marine supplies, parts, and 

accessories. 

Illustrative Examples:

Boat dealers (e.g., powerboats, rowboats, sailboats) 

Outboard motor dealers 

Marine supply dealers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new surfboards or wind sail boards--are classified in Industry 451110, Sporting Goods 

Stores; 

 Retailing used surfboards or wind sail boards--are classified in Industry 453310, Used 

Merchandise Stores; 

 Providing boat repair services without retailing new boats--are classified in Industry 811490, 

Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; 

 Retailing new or used personal watercraft--are classified in U.S. Industry 441221, Motorcycle, 

ATV, and Personal Watercraft Dealers; and 
 Operating docking and/or storage facilities for pleasure craft owners--are classified in Industry 

713930, Marinas. 

441229 All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers US

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used utility trailers 

and vehicles (except automobiles, light trucks, recreational vehicles, motorcycles, boats, motor scooters, 

motorbikes, off-road all-terrain vehicles, and personal watercraft) or retailing these new vehicles in 

combination with activities, such as repair services and selling replacement parts and accessories. 

Illustrative Examples:

Aircraft dealers 

Snowmobile dealers 

Powered golf cart dealers 

Utility trailer dealers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new automobiles and light trucks--are classified in Industry 441110, New Car Dealers; 

 Retailing used automobiles and light trucks--are classified in Industry 441120, Used Car Dealers; 

 Retailing new or used recreational vehicles, such as travel trailers--are classified in Industry 

441210, Recreational Vehicle Dealers; 

 Retailing new or used motorcycles, motor scooters, motorbikes, off-road all-terrain vehicles, and 

personal watercraft--are classified in U.S. Industry 441221, Motorcycle, ATV, and Personal 

Watercraft Dealers; 

 Retailing new or used boats, outboard motors, boat trailers, and marine supplies--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 441222, Boat Dealers; and 

 Providing vehicle repair services without retailing new vehicles--are classified in the appropriate 

industry for the repair services. 

4413 Automotive Parts, Accessories, and Tire Stores CAN 

44131 Automotive Parts and Accessories Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 441310 below. 

441310 Automotive Parts and Accessories Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises one or more of the following: (1) establishments known as automotive supply 

stores primarily engaged in retailing new, used, and/or rebuilt automotive parts and accessories; (2) 

automotive supply stores that are primarily engaged in both retailing automotive parts and accessories and 

repairing automobiles; and (3) establishments primarily engaged in retailing and installing automotive 

accessories. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive parts and supply stores 

Truck cap stores 

Automotive stereo stores 

Used automotive parts stores 

Speed shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Retailing automotive parts and accessories via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct 

sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new or used tires--are classified in Industry 441320, Tire Dealers; and 

 Repairing and replacing automotive parts, such as transmissions, mufflers, and brake linings 

(except establishments known as automotive supply stores)--are classified in Industry 81111, 

Automotive Mechanical and Electrical Repair and Maintenance. 

44132 Tire Dealers CAN 

 See industry description for 441320 below. 

441320 Tire Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used tires and tubes or 

retailing new tires in combination with automotive repair services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing tires via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in Subsector 

454, Nonstore Retailers; and 

 Tire retreading or recapping--are classified in U.S. Industry 326212, Tire Retreading. 

442 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores CAN 

 Industries in the Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores subsector retail new furniture and home 

furnishings from fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector usually operate from 

showrooms and have substantial areas for the presentation of their products. Many offer interior decorating 

services in addition to the sale of products. 

4421 Furniture Stores CAN 

44211 Furniture Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 442110 below. 

442110 Furniture Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new furniture, such as household 

furniture (e.g., baby furniture box springs and mattresses) and outdoor furniture; office furniture (except 

those sold in combination with office supplies and equipment); and/or furniture sold in combination with 

major appliances, home electronics, home furnishings, or floor coverings. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing furniture via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing used furniture--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; 

 Retailing custom furniture made on premises--are classified in Subsector 337, Furniture and 

Related Product Manufacturing; and 

 Retailing new office furniture and a range of new office equipment and supplies--are classified in 

Industry 453210, Office Supplies and Stationery Stores. 

4422 Home Furnishings Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new home furnishings 

(except furniture). 

 
44221 Floor Covering Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 442210 below. 

 

442210 Floor Covering Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new floor coverings, such as rugs 

and carpets, vinyl floor coverings, and floor tile (except ceramic or wood only); or retailing new floor 

coverings in combination with installation and repair services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing floor coverings via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Installing floor coverings without retailing new floor coverings--are classified in Industry 238330, 

Flooring Contractors; 

 Retailing ceramic floor tile or wood floor coverings only--are classified in Industry 444190, Other 

Building Material Dealers; and 

 Retailing used rugs and carpets--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

44229 Other Home Furnishings Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new home furnishings (except 

furniture and floor coverings). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bath shops 

Kitchenware stores 

Chinaware stores 

Window treatment stores 

Glassware stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing home furnishings via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing custom curtains and draperies made on premises--are classified in Industry 31412, 

Curtain and Linen Mills; 

 Retailing new mirrored glass, lighting fixtures, and new ceramic floor tile or wood floor coverings 

only--are classified in Industry 44419, Other Building Material Dealers; 

 Retailing new furniture--are classified in Industry 44211, Furniture Stores; 

 Retailing new floor coverings (except ceramic or wood only)--are classified in Industry 44221, 

Floor Covering Stores; and 

 Retailing used home furnishings--are classified in Industry 45331, Used Merchandise Stores. 

442291 Window Treatment Stores CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new window treatments, such 

as curtains, drapes, blinds, and shades. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing window treatments via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; and 
 Retailing custom curtains and draperies made on premises--are classified in U.S. Industry 314121, 

Curtain and Drapery Mills. 

442299 All Other Home Furnishings Stores US

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new home furnishings (except 

floor coverings, furniture, and window treatments). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bath shops 

Kitchenware stores 

Chinaware stores 

Linen stores 

Electric lamp shops 

Picture frame stores 

Glassware stores 

Wood-burning stove stores 

Houseware stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling home furnishings via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new mirrored glass or lighting fixtures--are classified in Industry 444190, Other 

Building Material Dealers; 

 Retailing new furniture--are classified in Industry 442110, Furniture Stores; 

 Retailing new floor coverings--are classified in Industry 442210, Floor Covering Stores; 

 Retailing new window treatments--are classified in U.S. Industry 442291, Window Treatment 

Stores; and 

 Retailing used home furnishings--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

443 Electronics and Appliance Stores CAN

 Industries in the Electronics and Appliance Stores subsector retail new electronics and appliances from 

point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector often operate from locations that have special 

provisions for floor displays requiring special electrical capacity to accommodate the proper demonstration 

of the products. The staff includes sales personnel knowledgeable in the characteristics and warranties of 

the line of goods retailed and may also include trained repair persons to handle the maintenance and repair 

of the electronic equipment and appliances. The classifications within this subsector are made principally 

on the type of product and knowledge required to operate each type of store. 

4431 Electronics and Appliance Stores CAN

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing the following new products: 

household-type appliances, cameras, computers, and other electronic goods. 

44311 Appliance, Television, and Other Electronics Stores CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) retailing an array 

of new household-type appliances and consumer-type electronic products, such as radios, televisions, and 

computers; (2) specializing in retailing a single line of new consumer-type electronic products (except 

computers); and (3) retailing these new products in combination with repair services. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Appliance stores 

Radio and television stores 

Consumer electronics stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new electronic products via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new computers, computer peripherals, and prepackaged computer software without 

retailing other consumer-type electronic products or office equipment, office furniture, and office 

supplies; or retailing these products in combination with repair services--are classified in Industry 

44312, Computer and Software Stores; 

 Retailing new computers, computer peripherals, and prepackaged software in combination with 

retailing new office equipment, office furniture, and office supplies--are classified in Industry 

45321, Office Supplies and Stationery Stores; 

 Retailing new sewing machines in combination with selling new sewing supplies, fabrics, patterns, 

yarns, and other needlework accessories--are classified in Industry 45113, Sewing, Needlework, 

and Piece Goods Stores; 

 Retailing new electronic toys--are classified in Industry 45112, Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores; 

 Providing television or other electronic equipment repair services without retailing new televisions 

or electronic equipment--are classified in Industry 81121, Electronic and Precision Equipment 

Repair and Maintenance; 

 Providing household-type appliance repair services without retailing new appliances--are 

classified in Industry 81141, Home and Garden Equipment and Appliance Repair and 

Maintenance; 

 Retailing used appliance and electronic products--are classified in Industry 45331, Used 

Merchandise Stores; 

 Retailing new still and motion picture cameras--are classified in Industry 44313, Camera and 

Photographic Supplies Stores; and 

 Retailing automotive electronic sound systems--are classified in Industry 44131, Automotive Parts 

and Accessories Stores. 

443111 Household Appliance Stores US

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as appliance stores primarily engaged in retailing an 

array of new household appliances, such as refrigerators, dishwashers, ovens, irons, coffeemakers, hair 

dryers, electric razors, room air-conditioners, microwave ovens, sewing machines, and vacuum cleaners, or 

retailing new appliances in combination with appliance repair services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing household appliances via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new sewing machines in combination with selling new sewing supplies, fabrics, patterns, 

yarns, and other needlework accessories--are classified in Industry 451130, Sewing, Needlework, 

and Piece Goods Stores; 

 Providing household-type appliance repair services without retailing new appliances--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 811412, Appliance Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Retailing used appliances--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

443112 Radio, Television, and Other Electronics Stores US 

 This U.S. industry comprises: (1) establishments known as consumer electronics stores primarily engaged 

in retailing a general line of new consumer-type electronic products; (2) establishments specializing in 
retailing a single line of consumer-type electronic products (except computers); or (3) establishments 

primarily engaged in retailing these new electronic products in combination with repair services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Consumer electronic stores 

Stereo stores (except automotive) 

Radio and television stores 

Telephone stores (including cellular) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing electronic goods via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing automotive electronic sound systems--are classified in Industry 441310, Automotive 

Parts and Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing new computers, computer peripherals, and prepackaged computer software without 

retailing other consumer-type electronic products or office equipment, office furniture and office 

supplies; or retailing these new computer products in combination with repair services--are 

classified in Industry 443120, Computer and Software Stores; 

 Retailing new computers, computer peripherals, and prepackaged software in combination with 

retailing new office equipment, office furniture, and office supplies--are classified in Industry 

453210, Office Supplies and Stationery Stores; 

 Retailing new still and motion picture cameras--are classified in Industry 443130, Camera and 

Photographic Supplies Stores; 

 Providing television or other electronic equipment repair services without retailing new televisions 

or electronic products--are classified in Industry 81121, Electronic and Precision Equipment 

Repair and Maintenance; 

 Retailing new electronic toys--are classified in Industry 451120, Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores; 

and 

 Retailing used electronics--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

44312 Computer and Software Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 443120 below. 

443120 Computer and Software Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new computers, computer 

peripherals, and prepackaged computer software without retailing other consumer-type electronic products 

or office equipment, office furniture, and office supplies; or retailing these new products in combination 

with repair and support services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing computers and software via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new electronic toys, such as dedicated video game consoles and handheld electronic 

games--are classified in Industry 451120, Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores; 

 Providing computer repair services without retailing new computers--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 811212, Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance; 

 Retailing new computers, computer peripherals, and prepackaged software in combination with 

retailing new office equipment, office furniture, and office supplies--are classified in Industry 

453210, Office Supplies and Stationery Stores; 
 Retailing a general line of new electronic products or specializing in retailing a single line of 

consumer-type electronic products (except computers)--are classified in U.S. Industry 443112, 

Radio, Television, and Other Electronics Stores; and 

 Retailing used computers, computer software, video games, and handheld electronic games--are 

classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

44313 Camera and Photographic Supplies Stores CAN

 See industry description for 443130 below. 

443130 Camera and Photographic Supplies Stores CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in either retailing new cameras, photographic 

equipment, and photographic supplies or retailing new cameras and photographic equipment in 

combination with activities, such as repair services and film developing. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing camera and photographic supplies via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct 

sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new video cameras--are classified in U.S. Industry 443112, Radio, Television, and Other 

Electronics Stores; 

 One-hour film developing without retailing a range of new photographic equipment and supplies--

are classified in U.S. Industry 812922, One-Hour Photofinishing; 

 Providing repair services for photographic equipment without retailing new photographic 

equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811211, Consumer Electronics Repair and 

Maintenance; 

 Developing film and/or producing photographic prints, slides, and enlargements (except one-hour 

photofinishing labs)--are classified in U.S. Industry 812921, Photofinishing Laboratories (except 

One-Hour); and 

 Retailing used cameras and photographic equipment--are classified in Industry 453310, Used 

Merchandise Stores. 

444 Building Material and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers CAN 

 Industries in the Building Material and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers subsector retail new 

building material and garden equipment and supplies from fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in 

this subsector have display equipment designed to handle lumber and related products and garden 

equipment and supplies that may be kept either indoors or outdoors under covered areas. The staff is 

usually knowledgeable in the use of the specific products being retailed in the construction, repair, and 

maintenance of the home and associated grounds. 

4441 Building Material and Supplies Dealers CAN

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new building materials and 

supplies. 

44411 Home Centers CAN 

 See industry description for 444110 below. 

444110 Home Centers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as home centers primarily engaged in retailing a general 

line of new home repair and improvement materials and supplies, such as lumber, plumbing goods, 

electrical goods, tools, housewares, hardware, and lawn and garden supplies, with no one merchandise line 

predominating. The merchandise lines are normally arranged in separate departments. 
44412 Paint and Wallpaper Stores CAN

 See industry description for 444120 below. 

444120 Paint and Wallpaper Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as paint and wallpaper stores primarily engaged in 

retailing paint, wallpaper, and related supplies. 

44413 Hardware Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 444130 below. 

444130 Hardware Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as hardware stores primarily engaged in retailing a general 

line of new hardware items, such as tools and builders' hardware. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing hardware items via electronic home shopping, mail order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing a general line of home repair and improvement materials and supplies, known as home 

centers--are classified in Industry 444110, Home Centers; and 

 Retailing used hardware items--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

44419 Other Building Material Dealers CAN 

 See industry description for 444190 below. 

444190 Other Building Material Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments (except those known as home centers, paint and wallpaper stores, 

and hardware stores) primarily engaged in retailing specialized lines of new building materials, such as 

lumber, fencing, glass, doors, plumbing fixtures and supplies, electrical supplies, prefabricated buildings 

and kits, and kitchen and bath cabinets and countertops to be installed. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Electrical supply stores 

Kitchen cabinet (except custom) stores 

Fencing dealers 

Lumber yards, retail 

Floor covering stores, wood or ceramic tile only 

Plumbing supply stores 

Garage door dealers 

Prefabricated building dealers 

Glass stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing building materials via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing used building materials--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; 

 Providing carpentry/installation services for products--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish 

Carpentry Contractors; 
 Installing plumbing fixtures and supplies--are classified in Industry 238220, Plumbing, Heating, 

and Air-Conditioning Contractors; 

 Installing electrical supplies, such as lighting fixtures and ceiling fans--are classified in Industry 

238210, Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors; 

 Making custom furniture (e.g., kitchen cabinets)--are classified in Subsector 337, Furniture and 

Related Product Manufacturing; 

 Retailing a general line of new hardware items, known as hardware stores--are classified in 

Industry 444130, Hardware Stores; 

 Retailing paint and wallpaper, known as paint and wallpaper stores--are classified in Industry 

444120, Paint and Wallpaper Stores; and 

 Retailing a general line of home repair and improvement materials and supplies, known as home 

centers--are classified in Industry 444110, Home Centers. 

4442 Lawn and Garden Equipment and Supplies Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new lawn and garden 

equipment and supplies. 

44421 Outdoor Power Equipment Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 444210 below. 

444210 Outdoor Power Equipment Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new outdoor power equipment or 

retailing new outdoor power equipment in combination with activities, such as repair services and selling 

replacement parts. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing outdoor power equipment via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Providing outdoor power equipment repair services without retailing new outdoor power 

equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811411, Home and Garden Equipment Repair and 

Maintenance; and 

 Retailing used outdoor power equipment--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise 

Stores. 

44422 Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 444220 below. 

444220 Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing nursery and garden products, such 

as trees, shrubs, plants, seeds, bulbs, and sod, that are predominantly grown elsewhere. These 

establishments may sell a limited amount of a product they grow themselves. Also included in this industry 

are establishments primarily engaged in retailing farm supplies, such as animal (non-pet) feed. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing nursery and garden products via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Providing landscaping services--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping Services; and 

 Growing and retailing nursery stock--are classified in U.S. Industry 111421, Nursery and Tree 

Production. 
445 Food and Beverage Stores CAN 

 Industries in the Food and Beverage Stores subsector usually retail food and beverages merchandise from 

fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector have special equipment (e.g., freezers, 

refrigerated display cases, refrigerators) for displaying food and beverage goods. They have staff trained in 

the processing of food products to guarantee the proper storage and sanitary conditions required by 

regulatory authority. 

4451 Grocery Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of food 

products. 

44511 Supermarkets and Other Grocery (except Convenience) Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 445110 below. 

445110 Supermarkets and Other Grocery (except Convenience) Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments generally known as supermarkets and grocery stores primarily 

engaged in retailing a general line of food, such as canned and frozen foods; fresh fruits and vegetables; 

and fresh and prepared meats, fish, and poultry. Included in this industry are delicatessen-type 

establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of food. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing automotive fuels in combination with a convenience store or food mart--are classified in 

Industry 447110, Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores; 

 Retailing a limited line of goods, known as convenience stores or food marts (except those with 

fuel pumps)--are classified in Industry 445120, Convenience Stores; 

 Retailing frozen food and freezer plans via direct sales to residential customers--are classified in 

Industry 454390, Other Direct Selling Establishments; 

 Providing food services in delicatessen-type establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 

722211, Limited-Service Restaurants; and 

 Retailing fresh meat in delicatessen-type establishments--are classified in Industry 445210, Meat 

Markets. 

44512 Convenience Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 445120 below. 

445120 Convenience Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as convenience stores or food marts (except those with 

fuel pumps) primarily engaged in retailing a limited line of goods that generally includes milk, bread, soda, 

and snacks. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing a general line of food, known as supermarkets and grocery stores--are classified in 

Industry 445110, Supermarkets and Other Grocery (except Convenience) Stores; and 

 Retailing automotive fuels in combination with a convenience store or food mart--are classified in 

Industry 447110, Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores. 

4452 Specialty Food Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing specialized lines of food. 
44521 Meat Markets CAN 

 See industry description for 445210 below. 

445210 Meat Markets CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing fresh, frozen, or cured meats and 

poultry. Delicatessen-type establishments primarily engaged in retailing fresh meat are included in this 

industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Baked ham stores 

Meat markets 

Butcher shops 

Poultry dealers 

Frozen meat shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing meat and poultry via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing a general line of food, known as supermarkets and grocery stores--are classified in 

Industry 445110, Supermarkets and Other Grocery (except Convenience) Stores; and 

 Providing food services in delicatessen-type establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 

722211, Limited-Service Restaurants. 

44522 Fish and Seafood Markets CAN

 See industry description for 445220 below. 

445220 Fish and Seafood Markets CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing fresh, frozen, or cured fish and 

seafood products. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in retailing fish and seafood products via electronic home shopping, 

mail-order, or direct sale are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers. 

44523 Fruit and Vegetable Markets CAN 

 See industry description for 445230 below. 

445230 Fruit and Vegetable Markets CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing fresh fruits and vegetables. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing fruits and vegetables via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; and 

 Growing and selling vegetables and/or fruits at roadside stands--are classified in Subsector 111, 

Crop Production. 

44529 Other Specialty Food Stores CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing specialty foods (except meat, fish, 

seafood, and fruits and vegetables) not for immediate consumption and not made on premises. 

Illustrative Examples:

Baked goods stores (except immediate consumption) 

Dairy product stores 

Coffee and tea (i.e., packaged) stores 

Gourmet food stores 

Confectionery (i.e., packaged) stores 

Nut (i.e., packaged) stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing specialty foods via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing baked goods made on the premises, but not for immediate consumption--are classified in 

Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing; 

 Retailing fresh, frozen, or cured meats and poultry--are classified in Industry 44521, Meat 

Markets; 

 Retailing fresh, frozen, or cured fish and seafood products--are classified in Industry 44522, Fish 

and Seafood Markets; 

 Retailing fresh fruits and vegetables--are classified in Industry 44523, Fruit and Vegetable 

Markets; 

 Retailing candy and confectionery products not for immediate consumption and not made on 

premises--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing; 

and 

 Selling snack foods (e.g., doughnuts, bagels, ice cream, popcorn) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places. 

445291 Baked Goods Stores CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing baked goods not for 

immediate consumption and not made on the premises. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing baked goods via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Selling snack foods (e.g., doughnuts, bagels, ice cream, popcorn) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; and 

 Retailing baked goods made on the premises but not for immediate consumption--are classified in 

Industry 311811, Retail Bakeries. 

445292 Confectionery and Nut Stores CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing candy and other confections, 

nuts, and popcorn not for immediate consumption and not made on the premises. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing confectionery goods and nuts via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--

are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 
 Retailing confectionery goods and nuts made on premises and not packaged for immediate 

consumption--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product 

Manufacturing; 

 Selling snack foods (e.g., doughnuts, bagels, ice cream, popcorn) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; and 

 Retailing baked goods made on the premises but not for immediate consumption--are classified in 

Industry 311811, Retail Bakeries. 

445299 All Other Specialty Food Stores CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing miscellaneous specialty foods 

(except meat, fish, seafood, fruit and vegetables, confections, nuts, popcorn, and baked goods) not for 

immediate consumption and not made on the premises. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Coffee and tea (i.e., packaged) stores 

Soft drink (i.e., bottled) stores 

Dairy product stores 

Spice stores 

Gourmet food stores 

Water (i.e., bottled) stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing specialty foods via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Selling snack foods (e.g., doughnuts, bagels, ice cream, popcorn) for immediate consumption--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Retailing fresh, frozen, or cured meats and poultry--are classified in Industry 445210, Meat 

Markets; 

 Retailing fresh, frozen, or cured fish and seafood products--are classified in Industry 445220, Fish 

and Seafood Markets; 

 Retailing fresh fruits and vegetables--are classified in Industry 445230, Fruit and Vegetable 

Markets; 

 Retailing candy and other confections, nuts, and popcorn not for immediate consumption and not 

made on the premises--are classified in U.S. Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; and 

 Retailing baked goods not for immediate consumption and not made on the premises--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores. 

4453 Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores CAN 

44531 Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 445310 below. 

445310 Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing packaged alcoholic beverages, such 

as ale, beer, wine, and liquor. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in retailing packaged liquor in combination with providing prepared 

drinks for immediate consumption on the premises are classified in Industry 722410, Drinking Places 

(Alcoholic Beverages). 
446 Health and Personal Care Stores CAN 

 Industries in the Health and Personal Care Stores subsector retail health and personal care merchandise 

from fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector are characterized principally by the 

products they retail, and some health and personal care stores may have specialized staff trained in dealing 

with the products. Staff may include pharmacists, opticians, and other professionals engaged in retailing, 

advising customers, and/or fitting the product sold to the customer's needs. 

4461 Health and Personal Care Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing health and personal care 

products. 

44611 Pharmacies and Drug Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 446110 below. 

446110 Pharmacies and Drug Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as pharmacies and drug stores engaged in retailing 

prescription or nonprescription drugs and medicines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing food supplement products, such as vitamins, nutrition supplements, and body enhancing 

supplements--are classified in U.S. Industry 446191, Food (Health) Supplement Stores; and 

 Retailing prescription and nonprescription drugs via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or 

direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers. 

44612 Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies, and Perfume Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 446120 below. 

446120 Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies, and Perfume Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as cosmetic or perfume stores or beauty supply shops 

primarily engaged in retailing cosmetics, perfumes, toiletries, and personal grooming products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing beauty parlor services--are classified in U.S. Industry 812112, Beauty Salons; and 

 Retailing perfumes, cosmetics, and beauty supplies via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or 

direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers. 

44613 Optical Goods Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 446130 below. 

446130 Optical Goods Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) retailing 

and fitting prescription eyeglasses and contact lenses; (2) retailing prescription eyeglasses in combination 

with the grinding of lenses to order on the premises; and (3) selling nonprescription eyeglasses. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Grinding lenses without retailing lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, Ophthalmic 

Goods Manufacturing; 
 The private or group practice of optometry, even though glasses and contact lenses are sold at 

these establishments--are classified in Industry 621320, Offices of Optometrists; and 

 Retailing eyeglasses and contact lenses via mail-order--are classified in U.S. Industry 454113, 

Mail-Order Houses. 

44619 Other Health and Personal Care Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing health and personal care items 

(except drugs, medicines, optical goods, perfumes, cosmetics, and beauty supplies). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Convalescent supply stores 

Prosthetic stores 

Food (i.e., health) supplement stores 

Sick room supply stores 

Hearing aid stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing health and personal care items via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--

are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing orthopedic shoes--are classified in Industry 44821, Shoe Stores; 

 Retailing orthopedic and prosthetic appliances that are made on premises--are classified in 

Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; 

 Retailing prescription and nonprescription drugs and medicines--are classified in Industry 44611, 

Pharmacies and Drug Stores; 

 Retailing eyeglasses and contact lenses--are classified in Industry 44613, Optical Goods Stores; 

 Retailing perfumes, cosmetics, and beauty supplies--are classified in Industry 44612, Cosmetics, 

Beauty Supplies, and Perfume Stores; and 

 Retailing naturally organic foods, such as fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and cereals and 

grains--are classified in Subsector 445, Food and Beverage Stores. 

446191 Food (Health) Supplement Stores CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing food supplement products, 

such as vitamins, nutrition supplements, and body enhancing supplements. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing food supplement products via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing prescription and nonprescription drugs and medicines--are classified in Industry 446110, 

Pharmacies and Drug Stores; and 

 Retailing naturally organic foods, such as fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and cereals and 

grains--are classified in Subsector 445, Food and Beverage Stores. 

446199 All Other Health and Personal Care Stores CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing specialized lines of health and 

personal care merchandise (except drugs, medicines, optical goods, cosmetics, beauty supplies, perfume, 

and food supplement products). 

Illustrative Examples: 
Convalescent supply stores 

Prosthetic stores 

Hearing aid stores 

Sick room supply stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing specialized health and personal care merchandise via electronic home shopping, mailorder, or direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing food supplement products--are classified in U.S. Industry 446191, Food (Health) 

Supplement Stores; 

 Retailing prescription or nonprescription drugs and medicines--are classified in Industry 446110, 

Pharmacies and Drug Stores; 

 Retailing eyeglasses and contact lenses--are classified in Industry 446130, Optical Goods Stores; 

 Retailing perfumes, cosmetics, and beauty supplies--are classified in Industry 446120, Cosmetics, 

Beauty Supplies, and Perfume Stores; 

 Retailing orthopedic shoes--are classified in Industry 448210, Shoe Stores; and 

 Retailing orthopedic and prosthetic appliances that are made on premises--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing. 

447 Gasoline Stations CAN 

 Industries in the Gasoline Stations subsector retail automotive fuels (e.g., gasoline, diesel fuel, gasohol) 

and automotive oils or retail these products in combination with convenience store items. These 

establishments have specialized equipment for the storage and dispensing of automotive fuels. 

4471 Gasoline Stations CAN 

44711 Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 447110 below. 

447110 Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments engaged in retailing automotive fuels (e.g., diesel fuel, gasohol, 

gasoline) in combination with convenience store or food mart items. These establishments can either be in 

a convenience store (i.e., food mart) setting or a gasoline station setting. These establishments may also 

provide automotive repair services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing automotive fuels without a convenience store--are classified in Industry 447190, Other 

Gasoline Stations; and 

 Retailing a limited line of goods, known as convenience stores or food marts (except those with 

fuel pumps)--are classified in Industry 445120, Convenience Stores. 

44719 Other Gasoline Stations CAN 

 See industry description for 447190 below. 

447190 Other Gasoline Stations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as gasoline stations (except those with convenience stores) 

primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) retailing automotive fuels (e.g., diesel fuel, gasohol, 

gasoline) or (2) retailing these fuels in combination with activities, such as providing repair services; 

selling automotive oils, replacement parts, and accessories; and/or providing food services. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Gasoline stations without convenience stores 

Truck stops 

Marine service stations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repairing motor vehicles without retailing automotive fuels--are classified in Industry Group 

8111, Automotive Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Retailing automotive fuels in combination with a convenience store or food mart--are classified in 

Industry 447110, Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores. 

448 Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores CAN 

 Industries in the Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores subsector retail new clothing and clothing 

accessories merchandise from fixed point-of-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector have similar 

display equipment and staff that is knowledgeable regarding fashion trends and the proper match of styles, 

colors, and combinations of clothing and accessories to the characteristics and tastes of the customer. 

4481 Clothing Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new clothing. 

44811 Men's Clothing Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448110 below. 

448110 Men's Clothing Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of new men's and 

boys' clothing. These establishments may provide basic alterations, such as hemming, taking in or letting 

out seams, or lengthening or shortening sleeves. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing men's and boys' clothing via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing custom men's clothing made on the premises--are classified in Industry Group 3152, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Retailing new men's and boys' accessories--are classified in Industry 448150, Clothing 

Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing specialized new apparel, such as raincoats, leather coats, fur apparel, and swimwear--are 

classified in Industry 448190, Other Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new clothing for all genders and age groups--are classified in Industry 448140, Family 

Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing secondhand clothes--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; and 

 Providing clothing alterations and repair--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

44812 Women's Clothing Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448120 below. 

448120 Women's Clothing Stores CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of new women's, 

misses' and juniors' clothing, including maternity wear. These establishments may provide basic 

alterations, such as hemming, taking in or letting out seams, or lengthening or shortening sleeves. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing women's clothing via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing custom women's clothing made on premises--are classified in Industry Group 3152, Cut 

and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Retailing new women's accessories--are classified in Industry 448150, Clothing Accessories 

Stores; 

 Retailing new clothing for all genders and age groups--are classified in Industry 448140, Family 

Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing specialized new apparel, such as bridal gowns, raincoats, leather coats, fur apparel, and 

swimwear--are classified in Industry 448190, Other Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing secondhand clothes--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; and 

 Providing clothing alterations and repair--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

44813 Children's and Infants' Clothing Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448130 below. 

448130 Children's and Infants' Clothing Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of new children's and 

infants' clothing. These establishments may provide basic alterations, such as hemming, taking in or letting 

out seams, or lengthening or shortening sleeves. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing children's and infants' clothing via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--

are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new children's and infants' accessories--are classified in Industry 448150, Clothing 

Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing new clothing for all genders or age groups--are classified in Industry 448140, Family 

Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing secondhand clothes--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; and 

 Providing clothing alterations and repair--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

44814 Family Clothing Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448140 below. 

448140 Family Clothing Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of new clothing for 

men, women, and children, without specializing in sales for an individual gender or age group. These 

establishments may provide basic alterations, such as hemming, taking in or letting out seams, or 

lengthening or shortening sleeves. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing clothing for all genders via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 
 Retailing new men's and boys' clothing--are classified in Industry 448110, Men's Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new women's, misses', and juniors' clothing--are classified in Industry 448120, Women's 

Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new children's and infants' clothing--are classified in Industry 448130, Children's and 

Infants' Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing specialized new apparel, such as raincoats, bridal gowns, leather coats, fur apparel, and 

swimwear--are classified in Industry 448190, Other Clothing Stores; 

 Providing clothing alterations and repair--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Retailing secondhand clothes--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

44815 Clothing Accessories Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448150 below. 

448150 Clothing Accessories Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing single or combination lines of new 

clothing accessories, such as hats and caps, costume jewelry, gloves, handbags, ties, wigs, toupees, and 

belts. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Costume jewelry stores 

Wig and hairpiece stores 

Neckwear stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing specialized lines of clothing via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing precious jewelry and watches--are classified in Industry 448310, Jewelry Stores; 

 Retailing used clothing accessories--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; 

 Retailing luggage, briefcases, trunks, or these products in combination with a general line of 

leather items (except leather apparel), known as luggage and leather goods stores--are classified in 

Industry 448320, Luggage and Leather Goods Stores; and 

 Retailing leather apparel--are classified in Industry 448190, Other Clothing Stores. 

44819 Other Clothing Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448190 below. 

448190 Other Clothing Stores US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing specialized lines of new clothing 

(except general lines of men's, women's, children's, infants', and family clothing). These establishments 

may provide basic alterations, such as hemming, taking in or letting out seams, or lengthening or shortening 

sleeves. 

Illustrative Examples:

Bridal gown (except custom) shops 

Leather coat stores 

Costume shops 

Lingerie stores 

Fur apparel stores 

Swimwear stores 
Hosiery stores 

Uniform (except athletic) stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing specialized apparel via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing custom apparel and accessories made on the premises--are classified in Subsector 315, 

Apparel Manufacturing; 

 Retailing new men's and boys' clothing--are classified in Industry 448110, Men's Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new women's, misses', and juniors' clothing, including maternity wear--are classified in 

Industry 448120, Women's Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new children's and infants' clothing--are classified in Industry 448130, Children's and 

Infants' Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new clothing for all genders or age groups--are classified in Industry 448140, Family 

Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing athletic uniforms--are classified in Industry 451110, Sporting Goods Stores; 

 Retailing secondhand clothes--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; 

 Retailing luggage, briefcases, trunks, or these products in combination with a general line of 

leather items (except leather apparel), known as luggage and leather goods stores--are classified in 

Industry 448320, Luggage and Leather Goods Stores; and 

 Providing clothing alterations and repair--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

4482 Shoe Stores CAN 

44821 Shoe Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448210 below. 

 

448210 Shoe Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing all types of new footwear (except 

hosiery and specialty sports footwear, such as golf shoes, bowling shoes, and spiked shoes). 

Establishments primarily engaged in retailing new tennis shoes or sneakers are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing footwear via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing hosiery--are classified in Industry 448190, Other Clothing Stores; 

 Retailing new specialty sports footwear (e.g., bowling shoes, golf shoes, spiked shoes)--are 

classified in Industry 451110, Sporting Goods Stores; and 

 Retailing used footwear--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

4483 Jewelry, Luggage, and Leather Goods Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new jewelry (except costume 

jewelry); new silver and plated silverware; new watches and clocks; and new luggage with or without a 

general line of new leather goods and accessories, such as hats, gloves, handbags, ties, and belts. 

44831 Jewelry Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448310 below. 

448310 Jewelry Stores CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing one or more of the following items: 

(1) new jewelry (except costume jewelry); (2) new sterling and plated silverware; and (3) new watches and 

clocks. Also included are establishments retailing these new products in combination with lapidary work 

and/or repair services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new costume jewelry--are classified in Industry 448150, Clothing Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing jewelry via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing antiques or used jewelry, silverware, and watches and clocks--are classified in Industry 

453310, Used Merchandise Stores; 

 Providing jewelry or watch and clock repair without retailing new jewelry or watches and clocks--

are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; 

and 

 Cutting and setting gem stones--are classified in U.S. Industry 339913, Jewelers' Material and 

Lapidary Work Manufacturing. 

44832 Luggage and Leather Goods Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 448320 below. 

448320 Luggage and Leather Goods Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as luggage and leather goods stores primarily engaged in 

retailing new luggage, briefcases, and trunks, or retailing these new products in combination with a general 

line of leather items (except leather apparel), such as belts, gloves, and handbags. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing luggage and leather goods via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are 

classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing used luggage and leather goods--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise 

Stores; 

 Retailing single or combination lines of new clothing accessories (e.g., gloves, handbags, or 

leather belts)--are classified in Industry 448150, Clothing Accessories Stores; and 

 Retailing new leather coats--are classified in Industry 448190, Other Clothing Stores. 

451 Sporting Goods, Hobby, Book, and Music Stores CAN 

 Industries in the Sporting Goods, Hobby, Book, and Music Stores subsector are engaged in retailing and 

providing expertise on use of sporting equipment or other specific leisure activities, such as needlework 

and musical instruments. Book stores are also included in this subsector. 

4511 Sporting Goods, Hobby, and Musical Instrument Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new sporting goods, games 

and toys, and musical instruments. 

45111 Sporting Goods Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 451110 below. 

451110 Sporting Goods Stores CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new sporting goods, such as 

bicycles and bicycle parts; camping equipment; exercise and fitness equipment; athletic uniforms; specialty 

sports footwear; and sporting goods, equipment, and accessories. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Athletic uniform supply stores 

Fishing supply stores 

Bicycle (except motorized) shops 

Golf pro shops 

Bowling equipment and supply stores 

Saddlery stores 

Diving equipment stores 

Sporting goods (e.g., scuba, skiing, outdoor) stores 

Exercise equipment stores 

Sporting gun shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing sporting goods via electronic home shopping, mail order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new or used campers (pickup coaches) and camping trailers--are classified in Industry 

441210, Recreational Vehicle Dealers; 

 Retailing new or used snowmobiles, motorized bicycles, and motorized golf carts--are classified in 

Industry 44122, Motorcycle, Boat, and Other Motor Vehicle Dealers; 

 Retailing new shoes (except specialty sports footwear, such as golf shoes, bowling shoes, and 

spiked shoes)--are classified in Industry 448210, Shoe Stores; 

 Repairing or servicing sporting goods, without retailing new sporting goods--are classified in 

Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Retailing used sporting goods and used bicycles--are classified in Industry 453310, Used 

Merchandise Stores. 

45112 Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 451120 below. 

451120 Hobby, Toy, and Game Stores CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new toys, games, and hobby and 

craft supplies (except needlecraft). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing toys, games, and hobby and craft supplies via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or 

direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing artists' supplies or collectors' items, such as coins, stamps, autographs, and cards--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 453998, All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (except Tobacco 

Stores); 

 Retailing new computer software (e.g., game software)--are classified in Industry 443120, 

Computer and Software Stores; 

 Retailing used toys, games, and hobby supplies--are classified in Industry 453310, Used 

Merchandise Stores; and 

 Retailing new sewing supplies, fabrics, and needlework accessories--are classified in Industry 

451130, Sewing, Needlework, and Piece Goods Stores. 

45113 Sewing, Needlework, and Piece Goods Stores CAN 
 See industry description for 451130 below. 

 

451130 Sewing, Needlework, and Piece Goods Stores CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new sewing supplies, fabrics, 

patterns, yarns, and other needlework accessories or retailing these products in combination with selling 

new sewing machines. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fabric shops 

Sewing supply stores 

Needlecraft sewing supply stores 

Upholstery materials stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing sewing supplies via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new sewing machines only and in combination with retailing other new appliances--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 443111, Household Appliance Stores; and 

 Retailing used sewing, needlework, and piece goods--are classified in Industry 453310, Used 

Merchandise Stores. 

45114 Musical Instrument and Supplies Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 451140 below. 

 

451140 Musical Instrument and Supplies Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new musical instruments, sheet 

music, and related supplies; or retailing these new products in combination with musical instrument repair, 

rental, or music instruction. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Musical instrument stores 

Sheet music stores 

Piano stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing musical instruments, sheet music, and related supplies via electronic home shopping, 

mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing new musical recordings--are classified in Industry 451220, Prerecorded Tape, Compact 

Disc, and Record Stores; and 

 Retailing used musical instruments, sheet music, and related supplies--are classified in Industry 

453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

4512 Book, Periodical, and Music Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new books, newspapers, 

magazines, and prerecorded audio and video media. 

45121 Book Stores and News Dealers CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new books, newspapers, 

magazines, and other periodicals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals via electronic home shopping, mail-order, 

or direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Home delivery of newspapers--are classified in Industry 45439, Other Direct Selling 

Establishments; and 

 Retailing used books, newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals--are classified in Industry 

45331, Used Merchandise Stores. 

451211 Book Stores US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new books. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing books via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; and 

 Retailing used books--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

451212 News Dealers and Newsstands US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing current newspapers, 

magazines, and other periodicals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Home delivery of newspapers--are classified in Industry 454390, Other Direct Selling 

Establishments; 

 Retailing newspapers and periodicals by mail-order--are classified in Industry 454113, Mail-Order 

Houses; and 

 Retailing used newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals--are classified in Industry 453310, 

Used Merchandise Stores. 

45122 Prerecorded Tape, Compact Disc, and Record Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 451220 below. 

 

451220 Prerecorded Tape, Compact Disc, and Record Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new prerecorded audio and video 

tapes, compact discs (CDs), digital video discs (DVDs), and phonograph records. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new computer software--are classified in Industry 443120, Computer and Software 

Stores; 

 Retailing prerecorded tapes, compact discs (CDs), digital video discs (DVDs), and records by 

mail-order--are classified in Industry 454113, Mail-Order Houses; 

 Retailing used phonograph records and prerecorded audio and video tapes and discs--are classified 

in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; and 

 Retailing new audio sound equipment (except automotive)--are classified in U.S. Industry 443112, 

Radio, Television, and Other Electronics Stores. 
452 General Merchandise Stores CAN 

 Industries in the General Merchandise Stores subsector retail new general merchandise from fixed pointof-sale locations. Establishments in this subsector are unique in that they have the equipment and staff 

capable of retailing a large variety of goods from a single location. This includes a variety of display 

equipment and staff trained to provide information on many lines of products. 

4521 Department Stores CAN 

45211 Department Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as department stores primarily engaged in retailing a wide 

range of the following new products with no one merchandise line predominating: apparel, furniture, 

appliances and home furnishings; and selected additional items, such as paint, hardware, toiletries, 

cosmetics, photographic equipment, jewelry, toys, and sporting goods. Merchandise lines are normally 

arranged in separate departments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing packaged grocery items in combination with general lines of merchandise with no one 

merchandise line predominating--are classified in Industry 45291, Warehouse Clubs and 

Supercenters; 

 Retailing apparel without a significant amount of housewares or general merchandise--are 

classified in Subsector 448, Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing general lines of merchandise via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--

are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; and 

 Retailing used merchandise--are classified in Industry 45331, Used Merchandise Stores. 

452111 Department Stores (except Discount Department Stores) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as department stores that have separate departments 

for various merchandise lines, such as apparel, jewelry, home furnishings, and linens, each with separate 

cash registers and sales associates. Department stores in this industry generally do not have central 

customer checkout and cash register facilities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing apparel without a significant amount of housewares or general merchandise--are 

classified in Subsector 448, Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing a wide variety of general merchandise in department stores with central customer 

checkout and cash register facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 452112, Discount Department 

Stores; and 

 Retailing a wide variety of general merchandise in combination with a general line of perishable 

groceries, such as fresh meat, vegetable, and dairy products--are classified in Industry 452910, 

Warehouse Clubs and Supercenters. 

452112 Discount Department Stores US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as department stores that have central customer 

checkout areas, generally in the front of the store, and that may have additional cash registers located in one 

or more individual departments. Department stores in this industry sell a wide range of general 

merchandise (except fresh, perishable foods). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Retailing apparel without a significant amount of housewares or general merchandise--are 

classified in Subsector 448, Clothing and Clothing Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing a wide variety of general merchandise in department stores with separate cash registers 

and sales associates for each department--are classified in U.S. Industry 452111, Department 

Stores (except Discount Department Stores); and 

 Retailing a wide variety of general merchandise in combination with a general line of perishable 

groceries, such as fresh meat, vegetable, and dairy products--are classified in Industry 452910, 

Warehouse Clubs and Supercenters. 

4529 Other General Merchandise Stores CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new goods in general 

merchandise stores (except department stores). 

45291 Warehouse Clubs and Supercenters CAN 

 See industry description for 452910 below. 

452910 Warehouse Clubs and Supercenters CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as warehouse clubs, superstores or supercenters primarily 

engaged in retailing a general line of groceries in combination with general lines of new merchandise, such 

as apparel, furniture, and appliances. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing general lines of merchandise via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--

are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing a general line of food, generally known as supermarkets and grocery stores--are 

classified in Industry 445110, Supermarkets and Other Grocery (except Convenience) Stores; 

 Retailing general lines of new merchandise with little grocery item sales--are classified in Industry 

452990, All Other General Merchandise Stores; 

 Retailing new merchandise in discount department stores--are classified in U.S. Industry 452112, 

Discount Department Stores; 

 Retailing new merchandise in department stores other than discount department stores--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 452111, Department Stores (except Discount Department Stores); and 

 Retailing used merchandise--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

45299 All Other General Merchandise Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 452990 below. 

452990 All Other General Merchandise Stores US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new goods in general merchandise 

stores (except department stores, warehouse clubs, superstores, and supercenters). These establishments 

retail a general line of new merchandise, such as apparel, automotive parts, dry goods, hardware, groceries, 

housewares or home furnishings, and other lines in limited amounts, with none of the lines predominating. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dollar stores 

General stores 

General merchandise catalog showrooms (except catalog mail-order) 

General merchandise trading posts 

Home and auto supply stores 

Variety stores 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing general lines of merchandise via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--

are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing automotive parts--are classified in Industry 441310, Automotive Parts and Accessories 

Stores; 

 Retailing merchandise in department stores--are classified in Industry 45211, Department Stores; 

 Retailing merchandise in warehouse clubs, superstores, or supercenters--are classified in Industry 

452910, Warehouse Clubs and Supercenters; 

 Retailing merchandise in catalog showrooms of mail-order houses--are classified in U.S. Industry 

454113, Mail-Order Houses; 

 Retailing a general line of new hardware items, known as hardware stores--are classified in 

Industry 444130, Hardware Stores; 

 Retailing a general line of new home repair and improvement materials and supplies, known as 

home centers--are classified in Industry 444110, Home Centers; and 

 Retailing used merchandise--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

453 Miscellaneous Store Retailers CAN 

 Industries in the Miscellaneous Store Retailers subsector retail merchandise from fixed point-of-sale 

locations (except new or used motor vehicles and parts; new furniture and home furnishings; new 

appliances and electronic products; new building materials and garden equipment and supplies; food and 

beverages; health and personal care goods; gasoline; new clothing and accessories; and new sporting goods, 

hobby goods, books, and music). Establishments in this subsector include stores with unique 

characteristics like florists, used merchandise stores, and pet and pet supply stores as well as other store 

retailers. 

4531 Florists CAN 

45311 Florists CAN 

 See industry description for 453110 below. 

453110 Florists CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as florists primarily engaged in retailing cut flowers, floral 

arrangements, and potted plants purchased from others. These establishments usually prepare the 

arrangements they sell. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing flowers or nursery stock grown on premises--are classified in Industry 11142, Nursery 

and Floriculture Production; 

 Retailing trees, shrubs, plants, seeds, bulbs, and sod grown elsewhere--are classified in Industry 

444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores; and 

 Retailing flowers via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers. 

4532 Office Supplies, Stationery, and Gift Stores CAN 

45321 Office Supplies and Stationery Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 453210 below. 

453210 Office Supplies and Stationery Stores CAN
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) retailing 

new stationery, school supplies, and office supplies; (2) retailing a combination of new office equipment, 

furniture, and supplies; and (3) retailing new office equipment, furniture, and supplies in combination with 

selling new computers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing stationery, school supplies, and office supplies via electronic shopping, mail-order, or 

direct sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing greeting cards--are classified in Industry 453220, Gift, Novelty, and Souvenir Stores; 

 Retailing new typewriters--are classified in U.S. Industry 443112, Radio, Television, and Other 

Electronics Stores; 

 Retailing new computers without retailing other consumer-type electronic products or office 

equipment, furniture, and supplies--are classified in Industry 443120, Computer and Software 

Stores; 

 Printing business forms--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Retailing new office furniture--are classified in Industry 442110, Furniture Stores; and 

 Retailing used office supplies--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

45322 Gift, Novelty, and Souvenir Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 453220 below. 

 

453220 Gift, Novelty, and Souvenir Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new gifts, novelty merchandise, 

souvenirs, greeting cards, seasonal and holiday decorations, and curios. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Balloon shops 

Greeting card shops 

Christmas stores 

Novelty shops 

Curio shops 

Souvenir shops 

Gift shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing gifts and novelties via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing stationery--are classified in Industry 453210, Office Supplies and Stationery Stores; and 

 Retailing used curios and novelties--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores. 

4533 Used Merchandise Stores CAN 

 

45331 Used Merchandise Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 453310 below. 

453310 Used Merchandise Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing used merchandise, antiques, and 

secondhand goods (except motor vehicles, such as automobiles, RVs, motorcycles, and boats; motor 

vehicle parts; tires; and mobile homes). 

Illustrative Examples: 
Antique shops 

Used household-type appliance stores 

Used book stores 

Used merchandise thrift shops 

Used clothing stores 

Used sporting goods stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing used merchandise via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified 

in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Operating pawnshops--are classified in U.S. Industry 522298, All Other Nondepository Credit 

Intermediation; 

 Retailing used automobiles--are classified in Industry 441120, Used Car Dealers; 

 Retailing used automobile parts (except tires and tubes)--are classified in Industry 441310, 

Automotive Parts and Accessories Stores; 

 Retailing used tires--are classified in Industry 441320, Tire Dealers; 

 Retailing used mobile homes--are classified in Industry 453930, Manufactured (Mobile) Home 

Dealers; 

 Retailing used motorcycles--are classified in U.S. Industry 441221, Motorcycle, ATV, and 

Personal Watercraft Dealers; 

 Retailing used recreational vehicles--are classified in Industry 441210, Recreational Vehicle 

Dealers; 

 Retailing used boats--are classified in U.S. Industry 441222, Boat Dealers; 

 Retailing used aircraft, snowmobiles, and utility trailers--are classified in U.S. Industry 441229, 

All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers; and 

 Retailing a general line of used merchandise on an auction basis (except electronic auctions)--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 453998, All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (except Tobacco 

Stores). 

4539 Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new miscellaneous specialty 

store merchandise (except motor vehicle and parts dealers; furniture and home furnishings stores; 

consumer-type electronics and appliance stores; building material and garden equipment and supplies 

dealers; food and beverage stores; health and personal care stores; gasoline stations; clothing and clothing 

accessories stores; sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores; general merchandise stores; florists; 

office supplies, stationery, and gift stores; and used merchandise stores). 

45391 Pet and Pet Supplies Stores CAN 

 See industry description for 453910 below. 

453910 Pet and Pet Supplies Stores CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing pets, pet foods, and pet supplies. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing pets, pet foods, and pet supplies via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale-

-are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Providing pet grooming and boarding services--are classified in Industry 812910, Pet Care (except 

Veterinary) Services; and 

 Providing veterinary services--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services. 
45392 Art Dealers CAN 

 See industry description for 453920 below. 

453920 Art Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing original and limited edition art 

works. Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in displaying works of art for retail 

sale in art galleries. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing original and limited edition art works via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct 

sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing art reproductions (except limited editions)--are classified in U.S. Industry 442299, All 

Other Home Furnishings Stores; 

 Retailing artists' supplies--are classified in U.S. Industry 453998, All Other Miscellaneous Store 

Retailers (except Tobacco Stores); and 

 Displaying works of art not for retail sale in art galleries--are classified in Industry 712110, 

Museums. 

45393 Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers CAN 

 See industry description for 453930 below. 

453930 Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing new and/or used manufactured 

homes (i.e., mobile homes), parts, and equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new or used motor homes, campers, and travel trailers--are classified in Industry 441210, 

Recreational Vehicle Dealers; and 

 Retailing prefabricated buildings and kits without construction--are classified in Industry 444190, 

Other Building Material Dealers. 

45399 All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing specialized lines of merchandise 

(except motor vehicle and parts dealers; furniture and home furnishings stores; electronics and appliance 

stores; building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers; food and beverage stores; health and 

personal care stores; gasoline stations; clothing and clothing accessories stores; sporting goods, hobby, 

book, and music stores; general merchandise stores; florists; office supplies, stationery and gift stores; used 

merchandise stores; pet and pet supplies; art dealers; and manufactured home (i.e., mobile home) dealers). 

This industry also includes establishments primarily engaged in retailing a general line of new and used 

merchandise on an auction basis (except electronic auctions). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Art supply stores 

Swimming pool supply stores, new 

Cemetery memorial (e.g., markers, headstones, vaults) dealers 

Tobacco stores 

Cigar stores 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Retailing merchandise via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct sale--are classified in 

Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Auctioning on the location of others as independent auctioneers--are classified in Industry 56199, 

All Other Support Services; 

 Retailing pets and pet supplies--are classified in Industry 45391, Pet and Pet Supplies Stores; 

 Retailing original and limited edition art works--are classified in Industry 45392, Art Dealers; 

 Retailing manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in Industry 45393, 

Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers; 

 Retailing new books--are classified in Industry 45121, Book Stores and News Dealers; 

 Retailing new jewelry (except costume jewelry)--are classified in Industry 44831, Jewelry Stores; 

 Retailing new costume jewelry--are classified in Industry 44815, Clothing Accessories Stores; 

 Operating pawnshops-are classified in Industry 52229, Other Nondepository Credit 

Intermediation; and 

 Retailing used merchandise (except automobiles, RVs, mobile homes, motorcycles, boats, motor 

vehicle parts, tires, aircraft, snowmobiles, and utility trailers)--are classified in Industry 45331, 

Used Merchandise Stores. 

453991 Tobacco Stores US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing cigarettes, cigars, tobacco, 

pipes, and other smokers' supplies. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cigar stores 

Smokers' supply stores 

Cigarette stands (i.e., permanent) 

Tobacco stores 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in retailing tobacco products and supplies via electronic home 

shopping, mail-order, or direct sale are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers. 

453998 All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (except Tobacco Stores) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing specialized lines of 

merchandise (except motor vehicle and parts dealers; furniture and home furnishings stores; electronics and 

appliance stores; building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers; food and beverage stores; 

health and personal care stores; gasoline stations; clothing and clothing accessories stores; sporting goods, 

hobby, book and music stores; general merchandise stores; florists; office supplies, stationery and gift 

stores; used merchandise stores; pet and pet supplies stores; art dealers; manufactured home (i.e., mobile 

homes) dealers; and tobacco stores). This industry also includes establishments primarily engaged in 

retailing a general line of new and used merchandise on an auction basis (except electronic auctions). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Art supply stores 

General merchandise auction houses 

Candle shops 

Home security equipment stores 

Cemetery memorial (e.g., headstones, markers, vaults) dealers 

Hot tub stores 

Collectors' items (e.g., autograph, coin, card, stamp) shops 
Swimming pool supply stores 

Fireworks shops (permanent location) 

Trophy (e.g., awards and plaques) shops 

Flower shops, artificial or dried 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing specialized lines of merchandise via electronic home shopping, mail-order, or direct 

sale--are classified in Subsector 454, Nonstore Retailers; 

 Retailing merchandise via electronic auctions--are classified in Industry 454112, Electronic 

Auctions; 

 Auctioning (i.e., on the location of others as independent auctioneers)--are classified in Industry 

561990, All Other Support Services; 

 Retailing pets and pet supplies--are classified in Industry 453910, Pet and Pet Supplies Stores; 

 Retailing original and limited edition art works--are classified in Industry 453920, Art Dealers; 

 Retailing manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in Industry 453930, 

Manufactured (Mobile) Home Dealers; 

 Retailing cigarettes, cigars, tobacco, pipes, and other smokers' supplies--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 453991, Tobacco Stores; 

 Retailing antiques--are classified in Industry 453310, Used Merchandise Stores; 

 Retailing new books--are classified in Industry 451211, Book Stores; 

 Retailing new jewelry (except costume jewelry)--are classified in Industry 448310, Jewelry Stores; 

and 

 Retailing new costume jewelry--are classified in Industry 448150, Clothing Accessories Stores. 

454 Nonstore Retailers CAN 

 Industries in the Nonstore Retailers subsector retail merchandise using methods, such as the broadcasting 

of infomercials, the broadcasting and publishing of direct-response advertising, the publishing of paper and 

electronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling from portable stalls and 

distribution through vending machines. Establishments in this subsector include mail-order houses, 

vending machine operators, home delivery sales, door-to-door sales, party plan sales, electronic shopping, 

and sales through portable stalls (e.g., street vendors, except food). Establishments engaged in the direct 

sale (i.e., nonstore) of products, such as home heating oil dealers and newspaper delivery service providers 

are included in this subsector. 

4541 Electronic Shopping and Mail-Order Houses CAN 

45411 Electronic Shopping and Mail-Order Houses CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing all types of merchandise using nonstore means, such as catalogs, toll free telephone numbers, or electronic media, such as interactive 

television or computer. Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in retailing from 

catalog showrooms of mail-order houses. 

Illustrative Examples:

Catalog (i.e., order-taking) offices of mail-order houses 

Internet auction sites, retail 

Collectors' items, mail-order houses 

Mail-order book clubs (not publishing) 

Computer software, mail-order houses 

Mail-order houses 

Home shopping television orders 

Web retailers 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Store retailing or a combination of store retailing and non-store retailing in the same 

establishment--are classified in Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, based on the classification of the store 

portion of the activity; 

 Facilitating business to business electronic sales of new and used merchandise on an auction basis 

using the Internet--are classified in Industry 42511, Business to Business Electronic Markets; and 

 Providing telemarketing (e.g., telephone marketing) services for others--are classified in Industry 

56142, Telephone Call Centers. 

454111 Electronic Shopping CAN 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments engaged in retailing all types of merchandise using the 

Internet. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Store retailing or a combination of store retailing and Internet retailing in the same establishment--

are classified in Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, based on the classification of the store portion of the 

activity; and 

 Retailing all types of merchandise using catalogs or television to generate clients and display 

merchandise--are classified in U.S. Industry 454113, Mail-Order Houses. 

454112 Electronic Auctions CAN 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments engaged in providing sites for and facilitating consumer-toconsumer or business-to-consumer trade in new and used goods, on an auction basis, using the Internet. 

Establishments in this industry provide the electronic location for retail auctions, but do not take title to the 

goods being sold. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing a general line of new and used merchandise on an auction basis from physical auction 

sites--are classified in U.S. Industry 453998, All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (except 

Tobacco Stores); 

 Facilitating business to business sales of new and used merchandise on an auction basis using the 

Internet--are classified in Industry 425110, Business to Business Electronic Markets; and 

 A combination of Internet auction and auction house sales in the same establishment--are 

classified in Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, based on the classification of the auction house portion of 

the activity. 

454113 Mail-Order Houses CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing all types of merchandise using 

mail catalogs or television to generate clients and display merchandise. Included in this industry are 

establishments primarily engaged in retailing from catalog showrooms of mail-order houses as well as 

establishments providing a combination of Internet and mail-order sales. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Catalog (i.e., order-taking) offices of mail-order houses 

Home shopping television orders 

Collectors' items, mail-order houses 

Mail-order book clubs (not publishing) 
Computer software, mail-order houses 

Mail-order houses 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing telemarketing (e.g., telephone marketing) services for others--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 561422, Telemarketing Bureaus and Other Contact Centers; and 

 Retailing merchandise using store and nonstore methods at the same establishment--are classified 

in Store retail activities based on the store portion of the activity. 

4542 Vending Machine Operators CAN 

45421 Vending Machine Operators CAN 

 See industry description for 454210 below. 

454210 Vending Machine Operators CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing merchandise through vending 

machines that they service. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling insurance policies through vending machines--are classified in Subsector 524, Insurance 

Carriers and Related Activities; 

 Supplying and servicing coin-operated photobooths, restrooms, and lockers--are classified in 

Industry 812990, All Other Personal Services; and 

 Supplying and servicing coin-operated amusement and gambling devices in places of business 

operated by others--are classified in Subsector 713, Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation 

Industries. 

4543 Direct Selling Establishments CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in nonstore retailing (except electronic, 

mail-order, or vending machine sales). These establishments typically go to the customers' location rather 

than the customer coming to them (e.g., door-to-door sales, home parties). Examples of establishments in 

this industry are home delivery newspaper routes; home delivery of heating oil, liquefied petroleum (LP) 

gas, and other fuels; locker meat provisioners; frozen food and freezer plan providers; coffee-break services 

providers; and bottled water or water softener services. 

45431 Fuel Dealers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing heating oil, liquefied petroleum 

(LP) gas, and other fuels via direct selling. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing oil burner repair services--are classified in Industry 81141, Home and Garden 

Equipment and Appliance Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Installing oil burners--are classified in Industry 23822, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning 

Contractors. 

454311 Heating Oil Dealers CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing heating oil via direct selling. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing oil burner repair services--are classified in U.S. Industry 811411, Home and Garden 

Equipment Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Installing oil burners--are classified in Industry 238220, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning 

Contractors. 

454312 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing liquefied petroleum (LP) gas 

via direct selling. 

 

454319 Other Fuel Dealers CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing fuels (except liquefied 

petroleum gas and heating oil) via direct selling. 

45439 Other Direct Selling Establishments CAN 

 See industry description for 454390 below. 

454390 Other Direct Selling Establishments CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing merchandise (except food for 

immediate consumption and fuel) via direct sale to the customer by means, such as in-house sales (i.e., 

party plan merchandising), truck or wagon sales, and portable stalls (i.e., street vendors). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Direct selling bottled water providers 

Direct selling home delivery newspaper routes 

Direct selling coffee-break service providers 

Direct selling locker meat provisioners 

Direct selling frozen food and freezer plan providers 

Direct selling party plan merchandisers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing and selling meals and snacks for immediate consumption from motorized vehicles or 

nonmotorized carts, catering a route--are classified in Industry 722330, Mobile Food Services; 

 Retailing heating oil via direct sale--are classified in U.S. Industry 454311, Heating Oil Dealers; 

 Retailing liquefied petroleum (LP) gas via direct sale--are classified in U.S. Industry 454312, 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers; and 

 Retailing other fuels, such as coal or wood, via direct sale--are classified in U.S. Industry 454319, 

Other Fuel Dealers. 
Sector 48-49--Transportation and Warehousing 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Transportation and Warehousing sector includes industries providing transportation of passengers 

and cargo, warehousing and storage for goods, scenic and sightseeing transportation, and support activities 

related to modes of transportation. Establishments in these industries use transportation equipment or 

transportation related facilities as a productive asset. The type of equipment depends on the mode of 

transportation. The modes of transportation are air, rail, water, road, and pipeline. 

 The Transportation and Warehousing sector distinguishes three basic types of activities: subsectors for 

each mode of transportation, a subsector for warehousing and storage, and a subsector for establishments 

providing support activities for transportation. In addition, there are subsectors for establishments that 

provide passenger transportation for scenic and sightseeing purposes, postal services, and courier services. 

 A separate subsector for support activities is established in the sector because, first, support activities for 

transportation are inherently multimodal, such as freight transportation arrangement, or have multimodal 

aspects. Secondly, there are production process similarities among the support activity industries. 

 One of the support activities identified in the support activity subsector is the routine repair and 

maintenance of transportation equipment (e.g., aircraft at an airport, railroad rolling stock at a railroad 

terminal, or ships at a harbor or port facility). Such establishments do not perform complete overhauling or 

rebuilding of transportation equipment (i.e., periodic restoration of transportation equipment to original 

design specifications) or transportation equipment conversion (i.e., major modification to systems). An 

establishment that primarily performs factory (or shipyard) overhauls, rebuilding, or conversions of aircraft, 

railroad rolling stock, or a ship is classified in Subsector 336, Transportation Equipment Manufacturing 

according to the type of equipment. 

 Many of the establishments in this sector often operate on networks, with physical facilities, labor forces, 

and equipment spread over an extensive geographic area. 

 Warehousing establishments in this sector are distinguished from merchant wholesaling in that the 

warehouse establishments do not sell the goods. 

 Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in providing travel agent services that 

support transportation and other establishments, such as hotels, businesses, and government agencies. 

These establishments are classified in Sector 56, Administrative and Support and Waste Management and 

Remediation Services. Also, establishments primarily engaged in providing rental and leasing of 

transportation equipment without operator are classified in Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services. 

481 Air Transportation 

 Industries in the Air Transportation subsector provide air transportation of passengers and/or cargo using 

aircraft, such as airplanes and helicopters. The subsector distinguishes scheduled from nonscheduled air 

transportation. Scheduled air carriers fly regular routes on regular schedules and operate even if flights are 

only partially loaded. Nonscheduled carriers often operate during nonpeak time slots at busy airports. 

These establishments have more flexibility with respect to choice of airport, hours of operation, load 

factors, and similar operational characteristics. Nonscheduled carriers provide chartered air transportation 

of passengers, cargo, or specialty flying services. Specialty flying services establishments use generalpurpose aircraft to provide a variety of specialized flying services. 

 Scenic and sightseeing air transportation and air courier services are not included in this subsector but are 

included in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation and in Subsector 492, Couriers and 

Messengers. Although these activities may use aircraft, they are different from the activities included in air 

transportation. Air sightseeing does not usually involve place-to-place transportation; the passenger's flight 

(e.g., balloon ride, aerial sightseeing) typically starts and ends at the same location. Courier services 

(individual package or cargo delivery) include more than air transportation; road transportation is usually 

required to deliver the cargo to the intended recipient. 

4811 Scheduled Air Transportation 

48111 Scheduled Air Transportation 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air transportation of passengers 

and/or cargo over regular routes and on regular schedules. Establishments in this industry operate flights 

even if partially loaded. Establishments primarily engaged in providing scheduled air transportation of 

mail on a contract basis are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air commuter carriers, scheduled 

Scheduled air passenger carriers 

Scheduled air cargo carriers (except air couriers) 

Scheduled helicopter passenger carriers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing air courier services--are classified in Industry 49211, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services; 

 Providing air transportation of passengers, cargo, or specialty flying services with no regular 

routes and regular schedules--are classified in Industry 48121, Nonscheduled Air Transportation; 

and 

 Providing helicopter rides for scenic and sightseeing transportation--are classified in Industry 

48799, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other. 

481111 Scheduled Passenger Air Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air transportation of 

passengers or passengers and freight over regular routes and on regular schedules. Establishments in this 

industry operate flights even if partially loaded. Scheduled air passenger carriers including commuter and 

helicopter carriers (except scenic and sightseeing) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing air transportation of passengers or passengers and cargo with no regular routes and 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481211, Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air 

Transportation; 

 Providing helicopter rides for scenic and sightseeing transportation--are classified in Industry 

487990, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other; and 

 Providing air transportation of cargo (without transporting passengers) over regular routes and on 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481112, Scheduled Freight Air Transportation. 

481112 Scheduled Freight Air Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air transportation of cargo 

without transporting passengers over regular routes and on regular schedules. Establishments in this 

industry operate flights even if partially loaded. Establishments primarily engaged in providing scheduled 

air transportation of mail on a contract basis are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing air courier services--are classified in Industry 492110, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services; 

 Providing air transportation of cargo with no regular routes and regular schedules--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 481212, Nonscheduled Chartered Freight Air Transportation; and 

 Providing air transportation of passengers or passengers and cargo over regular routes and on 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481111, Scheduled Passenger Air 

Transportation. 
4812 Nonscheduled Air Transportation 

48121 Nonscheduled Air Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) providing air transportation of 

passengers and/or cargo with no regular routes and regular schedules or (2) providing specialty flying 

services with no regular routes and regular schedules using general purpose aircraft. These establishments 

have more flexibility with respect to choice of airports, hours of operation, load factors, and similar 

operational characteristics. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air taxi services 

Nonscheduled air freight transportation services 

Aircraft charter services 

Nonscheduled air passenger transportation services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Crop dusting using specialized aircraft--are classified in Industry 11511, Support Activities for 

Crop Production; 

 Fighting forest fires using specialized water bombers--are classified in Industry 11531, Support 

Activities for Forestry; 

 Providing air transportation of passengers and/or cargo over regular routes and on regular 

schedules--are classified in Industry 48111, Scheduled Air Transportation; 

 Providing specialized air sightseeing services--are classified in Industry 48799, Scenic and 

Sightseeing Transportation, Other; 

 Aerial gathering of geophysical data--are classified in Industry 54136, Geophysical Surveying and 

Mapping Services; 

 Providing aerial and/or other surveying and mapping services--are classified in Industry 54137, 

Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services; 

 Providing air ambulance services using specialized equipment--are classified in Industry 62191, 

Ambulance Services; 

 Operating specialized flying schools, including all training for commercial pilots--are classified in 

Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools; 

 Operating recreation aviation clubs--are classified in Industry 71399, All Other Amusement and 

Recreation Industries; 

 Operating advocacy aviation clubs--are classified in Industry 81331, Social Advocacy 

Organizations; and 

 Providing air courier services--are classified in Industry 49211, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services. 

481211 Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air transportation of 

passengers or passengers and cargo with no regular routes and regular schedules. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing specialty air transportation or flying services with no regular routes and regular 

schedules using general purpose aircraft--are classified in U.S. Industry 481219, Other 

Nonscheduled Air Transportation; 

 Providing specialized air sightseeing services--are classified in Industry 487990, Scenic and 

Sightseeing Transportation, Other; 
 Providing air transportation of passengers or passengers and cargo over regular routes and on 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481111, Scheduled Passenger Air 

Transportation; and 

 Providing air transportation of cargo (without transporting passengers) with no regular routes and 

schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481212, Nonscheduled Chartered Freight Air 

Transportation. 

481212 Nonscheduled Chartered Freight Air Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air transportation of cargo 

without transporting passengers with no regular routes and regular schedules. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing specialty air transportation or flying services with no regular routes and regular 

schedules using general purpose aircraft--are classified in U.S. Industry 481219, Other 

Nonscheduled Air Transportation; 

 Providing air courier services--are classified in Industry 492110, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services; 

 Providing air transportation of cargo without transporting passengers over regular routes and on 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481112, Scheduled Freight Air Transportation; 

and 

 Providing air transportation of cargo and passengers with no regular routes and schedules--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 481211, Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air Transportation. 

481219 Other Nonscheduled Air Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air transportation with no 

regular routes and regular schedules (except nonscheduled chartered passenger and/or cargo air 

transportation). These establishments provide a variety of specialty air transportation or flying services 

based on individual customer needs using general purpose aircraft. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aircraft charter services (i.e., general purpose aircraft used for a variety of specialty air and flying services) 

Aviation clubs providing a variety of air transportation activities to the general public 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing air transportation of passengers or passengers and cargo with no regular routes and 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481211, Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air 

Transportation; 

 Providing air transportation of cargo without transporting passengers with no regular routes and 

regular schedules--are classified in U.S. Industry 481212, Nonscheduled Chartered Freight Air 

Transportation; 

 Crop dusting using specialized aircraft--are classified in U.S. Industry 115112, Soil Preparation, 

Planting, and Cultivating; 

 Fighting forest fires using specialized water bombers--are classified in Industry 115310, Support 

Activities for Forestry; 

 Providing specialized air sightseeing services--are classified in Industry 487990, Scenic and 

Sightseeing Transportation, Other; 

 Operating specialized flying schools, including all training for commercial pilots--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 611512, Flight Training; 

 Providing specialized air ambulance services using specialized equipment--are classified in 

Industry 621910, Ambulance Services; 
 Operating recreation aviation clubs--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and 

Recreation Industries; 

 Operating advocacy aviation clubs--are classified in U.S. Industry 813319, Other Social Advocacy 

Organizations; 

 Aerial gathering of geophysical data for surveying and mapping--are classified in Industry 

541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; and 

 Providing aerial and/or other surveying and mapping services--are classified in Industry 541370, 

Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services. 

482 Rail Transportation 

 Industries in the Rail Transportation subsector provide rail transportation of passengers and/or cargo 

using railroad rolling stock. The railroads in this subsector primarily either operate on networks, with 

physical facilities, labor force, and equipment spread over an extensive geographic area, or operate over a 

short distance on a local rail line. 

 Scenic and sightseeing rail transportation and street railroads, commuter rail, and rapid transit are not 

included in this subsector but are included in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, and 

Subsector 485, Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation, respectively. Although these activities use 

railroad rolling stock, they are different from the activities included in rail transportation. Sightseeing and 

scenic railroads do not usually involve place-to-place transportation; the passenger's trip typically starts and 

ends at the same location. Commuter railroads operate in a manner more consistent with local and urban 

transit and are often part of integrated transit systems. 

4821 Rail Transportation 

48211 Rail Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating railroads (except street railroads, 

commuter rail, urban rapid transit, and scenic and sightseeing trains). Line-haul railroads and short line 

railroads are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating street railroads, commuter rail, and urban rapid transit systems--are classified in 

Industry Group 4851, Urban Transit Systems; 

 Operating scenic and sightseeing trains--are classified in Industry 48711, Scenic and Sightseeing 

Transportation, Land; and 

 Operating switching and terminal facilities as separate establishments--are classified in Industry 

48821, Support Activities for Rail Transportation. 

482111 Line-Haul Railroads US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as line-haul railroads primarily engaged in operating 

railroads for the transport of passengers and/or cargo over a long distance within a rail network. These 

establishments provide for the intercity movement of trains between the terminals and stations on main and 

branch lines of a line-haul rail network (except for local switching services). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating switching and terminal facilities as separate establishments--are classified in Industry 

488210, Support Activities for Rail Transportation; 

 Operating railroads over a short distance on local rail lines--are classified in U.S. Industry 482112, 

Short Line Railroads; and 

 Operating commuter rail systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 485112, Commuter Rail 

Systems. 
482112 Short Line Railroads CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as short line railroads primarily engaged in operating 

railroads for the transport of cargo over a short distance on local rail lines not part of a rail network. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating street railroads, commuter rail, and urban rapid transit systems--are classified in 

Industry Group 4851, Urban Transit Systems; 

 Operating scenic and sightseeing trains--are classified in Industry 487110, Scenic and Sightseeing 

Transportation, Land; 

 Operating switching and terminal facilities as separate establishments--are classified in Industry 

488210, Support Activities for Rail Transportation; and 

 Operating railroads for the transport of passengers and/or cargo over a long distance--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 482111, Line-Haul Railroads. 

483 Water Transportation 

 Industries in the Water Transportation subsector provide water transportation of passengers and cargo 

using watercraft, such as ships, barges, and boats. 

 The subsector is composed of two industry groups: (1) one for deep sea, coastal, and Great Lakes; and (2) 

one for inland water transportation. This split typically reflects the difference in equipment used. 

 Scenic and sightseeing water transportation services are not included in this subsector but are included in 

Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation. Although these activities use watercraft, they are 

different from the activities included in water transportation. Water sightseeing does not usually involve 

place-to-place transportation; the passenger's trip starts and ends at the same location. 

4831 Deep Sea, Coastal, and Great Lakes Water Transportation 

48311 Deep Sea, Coastal, and Great Lakes Water Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing deep sea, coastal, Great Lakes, 

and St. Lawrence Seaway water transportation. Marine transportation establishments using the facilities of 

the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered to be using the Great Lakes Water 

Transportation System. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing inland water transportation on lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (except on the 

Great Lakes System)--are classified in Industry 48321, Inland Water Transportation; 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing water transportation, such as harbor cruises--are classified in 

Industry 48721, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water; and 

 Operating floating casinos (i.e., gambling cruises, river boat gambling casinos)--are classified in 

Industry 71321, Casinos (except Casino Hotels). 

483111 Deep Sea Freight Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing deep sea transportation of 

cargo to or from foreign ports. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing deep sea transportation of cargo to and from domestic 

ports are classified in U.S. Industry 483113, Coastal and Great Lakes Freight Transportation. 

483112 Deep Sea Passenger Transportation US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing deep sea transportation of 

passengers to or from foreign ports. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing deep sea transportation of passengers to and from domestic ports--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 483114, Coastal and Great Lakes Passenger Transportation; and 

 Operating floating casinos (i.e., gambling cruises)--are classified in Industry 713210, Casinos 

(except Casino Hotels). 

483113 Coastal and Great Lakes Freight Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing water transportation of cargo 

in coastal waters, on the Great Lakes System, or deep seas between ports of the United States, Puerto Rico, 

and United States island possessions or protectorates. Marine transportation establishments using the 

facilities of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered to be using the Great Lakes 

Water Transportation System. Establishments primarily engaged in providing coastal and/or Great Lakes 

barge transportation services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing deep sea transportation of cargo to or from foreign ports--are classified in U.S. Industry 

483111, Deep Sea Freight Transportation; and 

 Providing inland water transportation of cargo on lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (except 

on the Great Lakes System)--are classified in U.S. Industry 483211, Inland Water Freight 

Transportation. 

483114 Coastal and Great Lakes Passenger Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing water transportation of 

passengers in coastal waters, the Great Lakes System, or deep seas between ports of the United States, 

Puerto Rico, and United States island possessions and protectorates. Marine transportation establishments 

using the facilities of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered to be using the Great 

Lakes Water Transportation System. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing inland water transportation of passengers on lakes, rivers or intracoastal waterways 

(except on the Great Lakes System)--are classified in U.S. Industry 483212, Inland Water 

Passenger Transportation; 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing water transportation, such as harbor cruises--are classified in 

Industry 487210, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water; and 

 Operating floating casinos (i.e., gambling cruises)--are classified in Industry 713210, Casinos 

(except Casino Hotels). 

4832 Inland Water Transportation 

48321 Inland Water Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing inland water transportation of 

passengers and/or cargo on lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (except on the Great Lakes System). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing water transportation in deep sea, coastal, or on the Great Lakes System--are classified in 

Industry Group 4831, Deep Sea, Coastal, and Great Lakes Water Transportation; 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing water transportation, such as harbor cruises--are classified in 

Industry 48721, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water; and 

 Operating floating casinos (i.e., gambling cruises, river boat gambling casinos)--are classified in 

Industry 71321, Casinos (except Casino Hotels). 

483211 Inland Water Freight Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing inland water transportation 

of cargo on lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (except on the Great Lakes System). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing deep sea transportation of cargo to and from foreign ports--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 483111, Deep Sea Freight Transportation; and 

 Providing water transportation of cargo in coastal waters or on the Great Lakes System--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 483113, Coastal and Great Lakes Freight Transportation. 

483212 Inland Water Passenger Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing inland water transportation 

of passengers on lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (except on the Great Lakes System). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing deep sea transportation of passengers to and from foreign ports--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 483112, Deep Sea Passenger Transportation; 

 Operating cruise ships or ferries in coastal waters or on the Great Lakes System--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 483114, Coastal and Great Lakes Passenger Transportation; and 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing water transportation, such as harbor cruises--are classified in 

Industry 487210, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water. 

484 Truck Transportation 

 Industries in the Truck Transportation subsector provide over-the-road transportation of cargo using 

motor vehicles, such as trucks and tractor trailers. The subsector is subdivided into general freight trucking 

and specialized freight trucking. This distinction reflects differences in equipment used, type of load 

carried, scheduling, terminal, and other networking services. General freight transportation establishments 

handle a wide variety of general commodities, generally palletized, and transported in a container or van 

trailer. Specialized freight transportation is the transportation of cargo that, because of size, weight, shape, 

or other inherent characteristics require specialized equipment for transportation. 

 Each of these industry groups is further subdivided based on distance traveled. Local trucking 

establishments primarily carry goods within a single metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurban areas. 

Long distance trucking establishments carry goods between metropolitan areas. 

 The Specialized Freight Trucking industry group includes a separate industry for Used Household and 

Office Goods Moving. The household and office goods movers are separated because of the substantial 

network of establishments that has developed to deal with local and long-distance moving and the 

associated storage. In this area, the same establishment provides both local and long-distance services, 

while other specialized freight establishments generally limit their services to either local or long-distance 

hauling. 

4841 General Freight Trucking 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing general freight trucking. 

General freight establishments handle a wide variety of commodities, generally palletized, and transported 
in a container or van trailer. The establishments of this industry group provide a combination of the 

following network activities: local pickup, local sorting and terminal operations, line-haul, destination 

sorting and terminal operations, and local delivery. 

48411 General Freight Trucking, Local 

 See industry description for 484110 below. 

484110 General Freight Trucking, Local CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing local general freight trucking. 

General freight establishments handle a wide variety of commodities, generally palletized and transported 

in a container or van trailer. Local general freight trucking establishments usually provide trucking within 

a metropolitan area which may cross state lines. Generally the trips are same-day return. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating independent trucking terminals--are classified in Industry 488490, Other Support 

Activities for Road Transportation; and 

 Providing general freight long-distance trucking including all North American international travel-

-are classified in Industry 48412, General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance. 

48412 General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing long-distance general freight 

trucking. General freight establishments handle a wide variety of commodities, generally palletized and 

transported in a container or van trailer. Long-distance general freight trucking establishments usually 

provide trucking between metropolitan areas which may cross North American country borders. Included 

in this industry are establishments operating as truckload (TL) or less than truckload (LTL) carriers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing courier services--are classified in Industry 49211, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services; 

 Providing warehousing services of general freight--are classified in Industry 49311, General 

Warehousing and Storage; 

 Providing specialized freight trucking--are classified in Industry Group 4842, Specialized Freight 

Trucking; 

 Operating independent trucking terminals--are classified in Industry 48849, Other Support 

Activities for Road Transportation; and 

 Providing local general freight trucking services--are classified in Industry 48411, General Freight 

Trucking, Local. 

484121 General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing long-distance general freight 

truckload (TL) trucking. These long-distance general freight truckload carrier establishments provide full 

truck movement of freight from origin to destination. The shipment of freight on a truck is characterized as 

a full single load not combined with other shipments. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing general freight long-distance, less than truckload trucking--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 484122, General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Less Than Truckload; 

 Providing specialized freight trucking--are classified in Industry Group 4842, Specialized Freight 

Trucking; 
 Operating independent trucking terminals--are classified in Industry 488490, Other Support 

Activities for Road Transportation; and 

 Providing local general freight trucking services--are classified in Industry 484110, General 

Freight Trucking, Local. 

484122 General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Less Than Truckload CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing long-distance, general 

freight, less than truckload (LTL) trucking. LTL carriage is characterized as multiple shipments combined 

onto a single truck for multiple deliveries within a network. These establishments are generally 

characterized by the following network activities: local pickup, local sorting and terminal operations, linehaul, destination sorting and terminal operations, and local delivery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing courier services--are classified in Industry 492110, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services; 

 Providing warehousing services of general freight--are classified in Industry 493110, General 

Warehousing and Storage; 

 Providing specialized freight trucking--are classified in Industry Group 4842, Specialized Freight 

Trucking; 

 Operating independent trucking terminals--are classified in Industry 488490, Other Support 

Activities for Road Transportation; 

 Providing general freight long-distance truckload trucking--are classified in U.S. Industry 484121, 

General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload; and 

 Providing local general freight trucking services--are classified in Industry 484110, General 

Freight Trucking, Local. 

4842 Specialized Freight Trucking 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing local or long-distance 

specialized freight trucking. The establishments of this industry are primarily engaged in the transportation 

of freight which, because of size, weight, shape, or other inherent characteristics, requires specialized 

equipment, such as flatbeds, tankers, or refrigerated trailers. This industry includes the transportation of 

used household, institutional, and commercial furniture and equipment. 

48421 Used Household and Office Goods Moving 

 See industry description for 484210 below. 

484210 Used Household and Office Goods Moving 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing local or long-distance trucking of 

used household, used institutional, or used commercial furniture and equipment. Incidental packing and 

storage activities are often provided by these establishments. 

48422 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local 

 See industry description for 484220 below. 

484220 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing local, specialized trucking. Local 

trucking establishments provide trucking within a metropolitan area that may cross state lines. Generally 

the trips are same-day return. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Local agricultural products trucking 

Local dump trucking (e.g., gravel, sand, top-soil) 

Local boat hauling 

Local livestock trucking 

Local bulk liquids trucking 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing long-distance specialized freight (except used goods) trucking including all North 

American international travel--are classified in Industry 48423, Specialized Freight (except Used 

Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Providing local general freight trucking--are classified in U.S. Industry 484110, General Freight 

Trucking, Local; 

 Providing trucking of used household and office goods--are classified in Industry 484210, Used 

Household and Office Goods Moving; and 

 Providing waste collection--are classified in Industry Group 5621, Waste Collection. 

48423 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance 

 See industry description for 484230 below. 

484230 Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing long-distance specialized 

trucking. These establishments provide trucking between metropolitan areas that may cross North 

American country borders. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Long-distance automobile carrier trucking 

Long-distance refrigerated product trucking 

Long-distance bulk liquid trucking 

Long-distance trucking of waste 

Long-distance hazardous material trucking 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing local specialized freight trucking (except used goods)--are classified in Industry 484220, 

Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local; 

 Providing long-distance general freight trucking including all North American international travel-

-are classified in Industry 48412, General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Providing trucking of used household and office goods--are classified in Industry 484210, Used 

Household and Office Goods Moving; and 

 Collecting and/or hauling hazardous waste, nonhazardous waste, and/or recyclable materials 

within a local area--are classified in Industry 56211, Waste Collection. 

485 Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation 

 Industries in the Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation subsector include a variety of passenger 

transportation activities, such as urban transit systems; chartered bus, school bus, and interurban bus 

transportation; and taxis. These activities are distinguished based primarily on such production process 

factors as vehicle types, routes, and schedules. 

 In this subsector, the principal splits identify scheduled transportation as separate from nonscheduled 

transportation. The scheduled transportation industry groups are Urban Transit Systems, Interurban and 

Rural Bus Transportation, and School and Employee Bus Transportation. The nonscheduled industry 

groups are the Charter Bus Industry and Taxi and Limousine Service. The Other Transit and Ground 

Passenger Transportation industry group includes both scheduled and nonscheduled transportation. 
 Scenic and sightseeing ground transportation services are not included in this subsector but are included 

in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation. Sightseeing does not usually involve place-toplace transportation; the passenger's trip starts and ends at the same location. 

4851 Urban Transit Systems 

48511 Urban Transit Systems 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating local and suburban passenger 

transit systems over regular routes and on regular schedules within a metropolitan area and its adjacent 

nonurban areas. Such transportation systems involve the use of one or more modes of transport including 

light rail, commuter rail, subways, and streetcars, as well as buses and other motor vehicles. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing transportation--are classified in Industry 48711, Scenic and 

Sightseeing Transportation, Land; 

 Providing support services to transit and ground transportation--are classified in Industry Group 

4884, Support Activities for Road Transportation; and 

 Providing interurban and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 48521, Interurban and 

Rural Bus Transportation. 

485111 Mixed Mode Transit Systems US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating local and suburban ground 

passenger transit systems using more than one mode of transport over regular routes and on regular 

schedules within a metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurban areas. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating local and suburban passenger transit systems using only one mode of transportation--are 

classified according to the mode of transport; and 

 Providing support services to transit and ground passenger transportation--are classified in 

Industry Group 4884, Support Activities for Road Transportation. 

485112 Commuter Rail Systems US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating local and suburban 

commuter rail systems over regular routes and on a regular schedule within a metropolitan area and its 

adjacent nonurban areas. Commuter rail is usually characterized by reduced fares, multiple ride, and 

commutation tickets and mostly used by passengers during the morning and evening peak periods. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating local and suburban mass passenger transit systems using both commuter rail and 

another mode of transport--are classified in U.S. Industry 485111, Mixed Mode Transit Systems; 

 Operating a subway system--are classified in U.S. Industry 485119, Other Urban Transit Systems; 

and 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing transportation on land--are classified in Industry 487110, Scenic 

and Sightseeing Transportation, Land. 

485113 Bus and Other Motor Vehicle Transit Systems US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating local and suburban passenger 

transportation systems using buses or other motor vehicles over regular routes and on regular schedules 

within a metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurban areas. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating local and suburban passenger transportation systems using both a bus or other motor 

vehicle and another mode of transport--are classified in U.S. Industry 485111, Mixed Mode 

Transit Systems; 

 Providing interurban and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 485210, Interurban 

and Rural Bus Transportation; and 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing transportation using buses or other motor vehicles--are classified 

in Industry 487110, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land. 

485119 Other Urban Transit Systems US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating local and suburban ground 

passenger transit systems (except mixed mode transit systems, commuter rail systems, and buses and other 

motor vehicles) over regular routes and on regular schedules within a metropolitan area and its adjacent 

nonurban areas. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Commuter cable car systems (i.e., stand-alone) 

Light rail systems (i.e., stand-alone) 

Commuter tramway systems (i.e., stand-alone) 

Monorail transit systems (i.e., stand-alone) 

Commuter trolley systems (i.e., stand-alone) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating local and suburban ground passenger transit systems using more than one mode of 

transport--are classified in U.S. Industry 485111, Mixed Mode Transit Systems; 

 Providing local and suburban passenger transportation using commuter rail systems--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 485112, Commuter Rail Systems; and 

 Operating local and suburban bus transit systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 485113, Bus and 

Other Motor Vehicle Transit Systems. 

4852 Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation 

48521 Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation 

 See industry description for 485210 below. 

485210 Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing bus passenger transportation over 

regular routes and on regular schedules, principally outside a single metropolitan area and its adjacent 

nonurban areas. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing scenic and sightseeing transportation using buses--are classified in Industry 487110, 

Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land; 

 Providing buses for charter--are classified in Industry 485510, Charter Bus Industry; 

 Operating local and suburban bus transit systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 485113, Bus and 

Other Motor Vehicle Transit Systems; and 

 Operating independent bus terminals--are classified in Industry 488490, Other Support Activities 

for Road Transportation. 
4853 Taxi and Limousine Service 

48531 Taxi Service 

 See industry description for 485310 below. 

485310 Taxi Service CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing passenger transportation by 

automobile or van, not operated over regular routes and on regular schedules. Establishments of taxicab 

owner/operators, taxicab fleet operators, or taxicab organizations are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing special needs transportation services (except to and from school or work) for the infirm, 

elderly, or handicapped--are classified in U.S. Industry 485991, Special Needs Transportation; 

 Providing limousine services--are classified in Industry 485320, Limousine Service; and 

 Providing scheduled shuttle services between hotels, airports, or other destination points--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 485999, All Other Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation. 

48532 Limousine Service 

 See industry description for 485320 below. 

485320 Limousine Service 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing an array of specialty and luxury 

passenger transportation services via limousine or luxury sedans generally on a reserved basis. These 

establishments do not operate over regular routes and on regular schedules. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing taxi services--are classified in Industry 485310, Taxi Service; and 

 Providing scheduled shuttle services between hotels, airports, or other destination points--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 485999, All Other Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation. 

4854 School and Employee Bus Transportation 

48541 School and Employee Bus Transportation 

 See industry description for 485410 below. 

485410 School and Employee Bus Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing buses and other motor vehicles to 

transport pupils to and from school or employees to and from work. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating local and suburban bus transit systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 485113, Bus and 

Other Motor Vehicle Transit Systems; 

 Providing interurban and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 485210, Interurban 

and Rural Bus Transportation; and 

 Providing buses for charter--are classified in Industry 485510, Charter Bus Industry. 

4855 Charter Bus Industry 

48551 Charter Bus Industry 

 See industry description for 485510 below. 
485510 Charter Bus Industry 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing buses for charter. These 

establishments provide bus services to meet customers' road transportation needs and generally do not 

operate over fixed routes and on regular schedules. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing scenic and local sightseeing transportation using buses--are classified in Industry 

487110, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land; and 

 Providing interurban and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 485210, Interurban 

and Rural Bus Transportation. 

4859 Other Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation 

48599 Other Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing other transit and ground 

passenger transportation (except urban transit systems, interurban and rural bus transportation, taxi 

services, school and employee bus transportation, charter bus services, and limousine services (except 

shuttle services)). Shuttle services (except employee bus) and special needs transportation services are 

included in this industry. Shuttle services establishments generally travel within a metropolitan area and its 

adjacent nonurban areas on regular routes, on regular schedules and provide services between hotels, 

airports, or other destination points. Special Needs Transportation establishments provide passenger 

transportation to the infirm, elderly, or handicapped. These establishments may use specially equipped 

vehicles to provide passenger transportation. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing school or employee bus transportation for the infirm, elderly, or handicapped--are 

classified in Industry 48541, School and Employee Bus Transportation; 

 Providing ambulance services for emergency and medical purposes--are classified in Industry 

62191, Ambulance Services; 

 Operating urban transit systems--are classified in Industry Group 4851, Urban Transit Systems; 

 Providing interurban and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 48521, Interurban and 

Rural Bus Transportation; 

 Providing taxi services and/or limousine services (except shuttle services)--are classified in 

Industry Group 4853, Taxi and Limousine Service; and 

 Providing buses for charter--are classified in Industry 48551, Charter Bus Industry. 

485991 Special Needs Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing special needs transportation 

(except to and from school or work) to the infirm, elderly, or handicapped. These establishments may use 

specially equipped vehicles to provide passenger transportation. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing school or employee bus transportation for the infirm, elderly, or handicapped--are 

classified in Industry 485410, School and Employee Bus Transportation; and 

 Providing ambulance services for emergency and medical purposes--are classified in Industry 

62191, Ambulance Services. 

485999 All Other Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing ground passenger 

transportation (except urban transit systems; interurban and rural bus transportation, taxi and/or limousine 

services (except shuttle services), school and employee bus transportation, charter bus services, and special 

needs transportation). Establishments primarily engaged in operating shuttle services and vanpools are 

included in this industry. Shuttle services establishments generally provide travel on regular routes and on 

regular schedules between hotels, airports, or other destination points. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating urban transit systems--are classified in Industry Group 4851, Urban Transit Systems; 

 Providing interurban and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 485210, Interurban 

and Rural Bus Transportation; 

 Providing taxi and/or limousine services (except shuttle services)--are classified in Industry Group 

4853, Taxi and Limousine Service; 

 Providing school and employee bus transportation (including for the infirm, elderly, or 

handicapped)--are classified in Industry 485410, School and Employee Bus Transportation; 

 Providing buses for charter--are classified in Industry 485510, Charter Bus Industry; 

 Providing special needs transportation (except to and from school or work) for the infirm, elderly, 

or handicapped--are classified in Industry 485991, Special Needs Transportation; and 

 Providing ambulance services for emergency and medical purposes--are classified in Industry 

621910, Ambulance Services. 

486 Pipeline Transportation 

 Industries in the Pipeline Transportation subsector use transmission pipelines to transport products, such 

as crude oil, natural gas, refined petroleum products, and slurry. Industries are identified based on the 

products transported (i.e., pipeline transportation of crude oil, natural gas, refined petroleum products, and 

other products). 

 The Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas industry includes the storage of natural gas because the 

storage is usually done by the pipeline establishment and because a pipeline is inherently a network in 

which all the nodes are interdependent. 

4861 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil 

48611 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil 

 See industry description for 486110 below. 

486110 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the pipeline transportation of crude oil. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing the pipeline transportation of natural gas--are classified in Industry 486210, Pipeline 

Transportation of Natural Gas; and 

 Providing the pipeline transportation of refined petroleum products--are classified in Industry 

486910, Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products. 

4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 

48621 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 

 See industry description for 486210 below. 

486210 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the pipeline transportation of natural gas 

from processing plants to local distribution systems. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing natural gas to the end consumer are classified in Industry 

221210, Natural Gas Distribution. 

4869 Other Pipeline Transportation 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the pipeline transportation of products 

(except crude oil and natural gas). 

48691 Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products 

 See industry description for 486910 below. 

486910 Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the pipeline transportation of refined 

petroleum products. 

48699 All Other Pipeline Transportation 

 See industry description for 486990 below. 

486990 All Other Pipeline Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the pipeline transportation of products 

except crude oil, natural gas, and refined petroleum products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing pipeline transportation of crude oil--are classified in Industry 486110, Pipeline 

Transportation of Crude Oil; 

 Providing pipeline transportation of natural gas--are classified in Industry 486210, Pipeline 

Transportation of Natural Gas; 

 Providing pipeline transportation of refined petroleum products--are classified in Industry 486910, 

Pipeline Transportation of Refined Petroleum Products; and 

 Operating water distribution systems--are classified in Industry 221310, Water Supply and 

Irrigation Systems. 

487 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation 

 Industries in the Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation subsector utilize transportation equipment to 

provide recreation and entertainment. These activities have a production process distinct from passenger 

transportation carried out for the purpose of other types of for-hire transportation. This process does not 

emphasize efficient transportation; in fact, such activities often use obsolete vehicles, such as steam trains, 

to provide some extra ambience. The activity is local in nature, usually involving a same-day return to the 

point of departure. 

 The Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation subsector is separated into three industries based on the mode: 

land, water, and other. 

 Activities that are recreational in nature and involve participation by the customer, such as white-water 

rafting, are generally excluded from this subsector, unless they impose an impact on part of the 

transportation system. Charter boat fishing, for example, is included in the Scenic and Sightseeing 

Transportation, Water industry. 

4871 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land 
48711 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land 

 See industry description for 487110 below. 

487110 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing scenic and sightseeing 

transportation on land, such as sightseeing buses and trolleys, steam train excursions, and horse-drawn 

sightseeing rides. The services provided are usually local and involve same-day return to place of origin. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating aerial trams or aerial cable cars--are classified in Industry 487990, Scenic and 

Sightseeing Transportation, Other; 

 Providing sporting services, such as pack trains--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other 

Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Providing intercity and rural bus transportation--are classified in Industry 485210, Interurban and 

Rural Bus Transportation; 

 Providing buses for charter--are classified in Industry 485510, Charter Bus Industry; 

 Operating local and suburban passenger transit systems--are classified in Industry 48511, Urban 

Transit Systems; and 

 Providing passenger travel arrangements and tours--are classified in Industry Group 5615, Travel 

Arrangement and Reservation Services. 

4872 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water 

48721 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water 

 See industry description for 487210 below. 

487210 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing scenic and sightseeing 

transportation on water. The services provided are usually local and involve same-day return to place of 

origin. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Airboat (i.e., swamp buggy) operation 

Excursion boat operation 

Charter fishing boat services 

Harbor sightseeing tours 

Dinner cruises 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing recreation services, such as fishing guides, white-water rafting, parasailing, and water 

skiing--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Providing water taxi services--are classified in Industry 48321, Inland Water Transportation; 

 Providing water transportation of passengers--are classified in Subsector 483, Water 

Transportation; 

 Operating floating casinos (i.e., gambling cruises or river boat casinos)--are classified in Industry 

713210, Casinos (except Casino Hotels); and 

 Providing boat rental without operators--are classified in U.S. Industry 532292, Recreational 

Goods Rental. 

4879 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other 
48799 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other 

 See industry description for 487990 below. 

487990 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing scenic and sightseeing 

transportation (except on land and water). The services provided are usually local and involve same-day 

return to place of departure. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aerial cable cars, scenic and sightseeing operation 

Helicopter rides, scenic and sightseeing operation 

Aerial tramways, scenic and sightseeing operation 

Hot air balloon rides, scenic and sightseeing operation 

Glider excursions 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing recreational activities, such as hang gliding--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other 

Amusement and Recreation Industries; and 

 Providing scheduled or nonscheduled air transportation of passengers or specialty flying services--

are classified in Subsector 481, Air Transportation. 

488 Support Activities for Transportation 

 Industries in the Support Activities for Transportation subsector provide services which support 

transportation. These services may be provided to transportation carrier establishments or to the general 

public. This subsector includes a wide array of establishments, including air traffic control services, marine 

cargo handling, and motor vehicle towing. 

 The Support Activities for Transportation subsector includes services to transportation but is separated by 

type of mode serviced. The Support Activities for Rail Transportation industry includes services to the rail 

industry (e.g., railroad switching and terminal establishments). 

 Ship repair and maintenance not done in a shipyard are included in Other Support Activities for Water 

Transportation. An example would be floating drydock services in a harbor. 

 Excluded from this subsector are establishments primarily engaged in providing factory conversion and 

overhaul of transportation equipment, which are classified in Subsector 336, Transportation Equipment 

Manufacturing. Also, establishments primarily engaged in providing rental and leasing of transportation 

equipment without operator are classified in Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services. 

4881 Support Activities for Air Transportation 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services to the air 

transportation industry. These services include airport operation, servicing, repairing (except factory 

conversion and overhaul of aircraft), maintaining and storing aircraft, and ferrying aircraft. 

48811 Airport Operations 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating international, national, or civil 

airports or public flying fields or (2) supporting airport operations (except special food services 

contractors), such as rental of hangar space, air traffic control services, baggage handling services, and 

cargo handling services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing factory conversion, overhaul, and rebuilding of aircraft--are classified in Industry 

33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Wholesaling fuel at airports--are classified in Industry 424720, Petroleum and Petroleum Products 

Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); 

 Providing airport janitorial services--are classified in Industry 56172, Janitorial Services; and 

 Providing food services at airports on a contractual arrangement (i.e., food service contractors)--

are classified in Industry 72231, Food Service Contractors. 

488111 Air Traffic Control 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air traffic control services to 

regulate the flow of air traffic. 

488119 Other Airport Operations CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating international, national, or 

civil airports, or public flying fields or (2) supporting airport operations, such as rental of hangar space, and 

providing baggage handling and/or cargo handling services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing air traffic control services--are classified in U.S. Industry 488111, Air Traffic Control; 

 Providing factory conversion, overhaul, and rebuilding of aircraft--are classified in Industry 

33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Wholesaling fuel at airports--are classified in Industry 424720, Petroleum and Petroleum Products 

Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); 

 Providing airport janitorial services--are classified in Industry 561720, Janitorial Services; and 

 Providing food services at airports on a contractual arrangement--are classified in Industry 

722310, Food Service Contractors. 

48819 Other Support Activities for Air Transportation 

 See industry description for 488190 below. 

488190 Other Support Activities for Air Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized services for air 

transportation (except air traffic control and other airport operations). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aircraft maintenance and repair services (except factory conversions, overhauls, rebuilding) 

Aircraft testing services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Wholesaling fuel at airports--are classified in Industry 424720, Petroleum and Petroleum Products 

Merchant Wholesalers (except Bulk Stations and Terminals); 

 Providing aircraft janitorial services--are classified in Industry 561720, Janitorial Services; 

 Providing air traffic control services--are classified in U.S. Industry 488111, Air Traffic Control; 

 Providing airport operations (except air traffic control)--are classified in U.S. Industry 488119, 

Other Airport Operations; 

 Providing factory conversion, overhaul, and rebuilding of aircraft--are classified in Industry 

33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Providing food services to airlines on a contractual arrangement--are classified in Industry 

722310, Food Service Contractors. 
4882 Support Activities for Rail Transportation 

48821 Support Activities for Rail Transportation 

 See industry description for 488210 below. 

488210 Support Activities for Rail Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized services for railroad 

transportation including servicing, routine repairing (except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of 

rolling stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unloading rail cars; and operating independent 

terminals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing railroad car rental--are classified in U.S. Industry 532411, Commercial Air, Rail, and 

Water Transportation Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Factory conversion, overhaul, or rebuilding of railroad rolling stock--are classified in Industry 

336510, Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing; and 

 Providing rail car janitorial services--are classified in Industry 561720, Janitorial Services. 

4883 Support Activities for Water Transportation 

48831 Port and Harbor Operations 

 See industry description for 488310 below. 

488310 Port and Harbor Operations 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating ports, harbors (including docking 

and pier facilities), or canals. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing stevedoring and other marine cargo handling services--are classified in Industry 

488320, Marine Cargo Handling; 

 Providing navigational services to shipping--are classified in Industry 488330, Navigational 

Services to Shipping; and 

 Operating docking and/or storage facilities and commonly known as marinas--are classified in 

Industry 713930, Marinas. 

48832 Marine Cargo Handling 

 See industry description for 488320 below. 

488320 Marine Cargo Handling 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing stevedoring and other marine 

cargo handling services (except warehousing). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing freight for transportation--are classified in U.S. Industry 488991, Packing and Crating; 

 Operating general merchandise, refrigerated, or other warehousing and storage facilities--are 

classified in Subsector 493, Warehousing and Storage; and 

 Operating docking and pier facilities--are classified in Industry 488310, Port and Harbor 

Operations. 

48833 Navigational Services to Shipping 
 See industry description for 488330 below. 

488330 Navigational Services to Shipping MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing navigational services to shipping. 

Marine salvage establishments are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Docking and undocking marine vessel services 

Piloting services, water transportation 

Marine vessel traffic reporting services 

Tugboat services, harbor operation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing water transportation of barges (except coastal or Great Lakes barge transportation 

services)--are classified in U.S. Industry 483211, Inland Water Freight Transportation; and 

 Providing coastal and/or Great Lakes barge transportation services--are classified in U.S. Industry 

483113, Coastal and Great Lakes Freight Transportation. 

48839 Other Support Activities for Water Transportation 

 See industry description for 488390 below. 

488390 Other Support Activities for Water Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services to water transportation 

(except port and harbor operations; marine cargo handling services; and navigational services to shipping). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Floating drydocks (i.e., maintenance and routine repairs for ships) 

Ship scaling services 

Marine cargo checkers and surveyors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Ship painting--are classified in Industry 238320, Painting and Wall Covering Contractors; 

 Providing ship janitorial services--are classified in Industry 561720, Janitorial Services; 

 Operating port, harbor, or canal facilities--are classified in Industry 488310, Port and Harbor 

Operations; 

 Providing dredging services--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil 

Engineering Construction; 

 Providing stevedoring and other marine cargo handling services--are classified in Industry 

488320, Marine Cargo Handling; 

 Providing navigational services to shipping--are classified in Industry 488330, Navigational 

Services to Shipping; and 

 Providing ship overhauling or repairs in a shipyard--are classified in U.S. Industry 336611, Ship 

Building and Repairing. 

4884 Support Activities for Road Transportation 

48841 Motor Vehicle Towing 

 See industry description for 488410 below. 

488410 Motor Vehicle Towing 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in towing light or heavy motor vehicles, both 

local and long distance. These establishments may provide incidental services, such as storage and 

emergency road repair services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating gasoline stations--are classified in Industry Group 4471, Gasoline Stations; 

 Providing automotive repair and maintenance--are classified in Industry Group 8111, Automotive 

Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Both retailing automotive parts and accessories, and repairing automobiles and known as 

automotive supply stores--are classified in Industry 441310, Automotive Parts and Accessories 

Stores. 

48849 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation 

 See industry description for 488490 below. 

488490 Other Support Activities for Road Transportation CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services (except motor vehicle 

towing) to road network users. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bridge, tunnel, and highway operations 

Pilot car services (i.e., wide load warning services) 

Driving services (e.g., automobile, truck delivery) 

Truck or weighing station operations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing automotive repair and maintenance--are classified in Industry Group 8111, Automotive 

Repair and Maintenance; 

 Providing towing services to motor vehicles--are classified in Industry 488410, Motor Vehicle 

Towing; 

 Providing a network for busing in combination with providing terminal services--are classified in 

Industry 485210, Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation; and 

 Providing a network for trucking in combination with providing terminal services--are classified 

in Subsector 484, Truck Transportation. 

4885 Freight Transportation Arrangement 

48851 Freight Transportation Arrangement 

 See industry description for 488510 below. 

488510 Freight Transportation Arrangement US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in arranging transportation of freight between 

shippers and carriers. These establishments are usually known as freight forwarders, marine shipping 

agents, or customs brokers and offer a combination of services spanning transportation modes. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in tariff and freight rate consulting services are classified in U.S. 

Industry 541614, Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services. 
4889 Other Support Activities for Transportation 

48899 Other Support Activities for Transportation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities to transportation 

(except for air transportation; rail transportation; water transportation; road transportation; and freight 

transportation arrangement). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Arrangement of vanpools or carpools 

Stockyards (i.e., not for fattening or selling livestock) 

Independent pipeline terminal facilities 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing support activities for air transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4881, Support 

Activities for Air Transportation; 

 Providing support activities for rail transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4882, Support 

Activities for Rail Transportation; 

 Providing support activities for water transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4883, 

Support Activities for Water Transportation; 

 Providing support activities for road transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4884, Support 

Activities for Road Transportation; 

 Arranging transportation of freight between shippers and carriers--are classified in Industry 48851, 

Freight Transportation Arrangement; 

 Providing tariff and freight rate consulting services--are classified in Industry 54161, Management 

Consulting Services; 

 Operating stockyards for fattening livestock--are classified in Subsector 112, Animal Production; 

and 

 Providing packaging and labeling services--are classified in Industry 56191, Packaging and 

Labeling Services. 

488991 Packing and Crating US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in packing, crating, and otherwise 

preparing goods for transportation. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing packaging and labeling services are classified in Industry 

561910, Packaging and Labeling Services. 

488999 All Other Support Activities for Transportation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities to 

transportation (except for air transportation; rail transportation; water transportation; road transportation; 

freight transportation arrangement; and packing and crating). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Arrangement of vanpools or carpools 

Stockyards (i.e., not for fattening or selling livestock) 

Independent pipeline terminal facilities 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Operating stockyards for fattening livestock--are classified in Subsector 112, Animal Production; 

 Providing tariff and freight rate consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541614, 

Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; 

 Providing packing and crating services for transportation--are classified in U.S. Industry 488991, 

Packing and Crating; 

 Providing support activities for air transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4881, Support 

Activities for Air Transportation; 

 Providing support activities for rail transportation--are classified in Industry 488210, Support 

Activities for Rail Transportation; 

 Providing support activities for water transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4883, 

Support Activities for Water Transportation; 

 Providing support activities for road transportation--are classified in Industry Group 4884, Support 

Activities for Road Transportation; and 

 Arranging transportation of freight between shippers and carriers--are classified in Industry 

488510, Freight Transportation Arrangement. 

491 Postal Service 

 The Postal Service subsector includes the activities of the National Post Office and its subcontractors 

operating under a universal service obligation to provide mail services, and using the infrastructure required 

to fulfill that obligation. These services include delivering letters and small parcels. These articles can be 

described as those that can be handled by one person without using special equipment. This allows the 

collection, pick-up, and delivery operations to be done with limited labor costs and minimal equipment. 

Sorting and transportation activities, where necessary, are generally mechanized. The restriction to small 

parcels distinguishes these establishments from those in the transportation industries. These establishments 

may also provide express delivery services using the infrastructure established for provision of basic mail 

services. 

 The traditional activity of the National Postal Service is described in this subsector. Subcontractors 

include rural post offices on contract to the Postal Service. 

 Bulk transportation of mail on contract to the Postal Service is not included here, because it is usually 

done by transportation establishments that carry other customers' cargo as well. Establishments that 

provide courier and express delivery services without operating under a universal service obligation are 

classified in subsector 492, Couriers and Messengers. 

4911 Postal Service 

49111 Postal Service 

 See industry description for 491110 below. 

 

491110 Postal Service 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing mail services under a universal 

service obligation. Mail services include the carriage of letters, printed matter, or mailable packages, 

including acceptance, collection, processing, and delivery. Due to the infrastructure requirements of 

providing mail service under a universal service obligation, postal service establishments often provide 

parcel and express delivery services in addition to the mail service. Establishments primarily engaged in 

performing one or more parts of the basic mail service, such as sorting, routing and/or delivery (except bulk 

transportation of mail) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing bulk transportation of mail on a contract basis to and from postal service 

establishments--are classified in Industry Group 4841, General Freight Trucking; 
 Providing services outside of the basic mail service, such as mail presort, mail consolidation, or 

address bar coding services, on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 561499, All Other 

Business Support Services; 

 Providing courier services--are classified in Industry 492110, Couriers and Express Delivery 

Services; 

 Providing mailbox services along with other business services--are classified in U.S. Industry 

561431, Private Mail Centers; and 

 Providing local messenger and delivery services--are classified in Industry 492210, Local 

Messengers and Local Delivery. 

492 Couriers and Messengers 

 Industries in the Couriers and Messengers subsector provide intercity and/or local delivery of parcels and 

documents (including express delivery services) without operating under a universal service obligation. 

These articles can be described as those that may be handled by one person without using special 

equipment. This allows the collection, pick-up, and delivery operations to be done with limited labor costs 

and minimal equipment. Sorting and transportation activities, where necessary, are generally mechanized. 

The restriction to small parcels partly distinguishes these establishments from those in the transportation 

industries. The complete network of courier services establishments also distinguishes these transportation 

services from local messenger and delivery establishments in this subsector. This includes the 

establishments that perform intercity transportation as well as establishments that, under contract to them, 

perform local pick-up and delivery. Messengers, which usually deliver within a metropolitan or single 

urban area, may use bicycle, foot, small truck, or van. 

4921 Couriers and Express Delivery Services 

49211 Couriers and Express Delivery Services 

 See industry description for 492110 below. 

492110 Couriers and Express Delivery Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing air, surface, or combined mode 

courier and express delivery services of parcels, but not operating under a universal service obligation. 

These parcels can include goods and documents, but the express delivery services are not part of the normal 

mail service. These services are generally between metropolitan areas or urban centers, but the 

establishments of this industry form a network that includes local pick-up and delivery to serve their 

customers' needs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air courier services, except establishments operating under a universal service obligation 

Express delivery services, except establishments operating under a universal service obligation 

Courier services (i.e., intercity network), except establishments operating under a universal service 

obligation 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing parcel and express delivery services in addition to mail services under a universal 

service obligation--are classified in Industry 491110, Postal Service; 

 Providing messenger and delivery services within a metropolitan area or within an urban center--

are classified in Industry 492210, Local Messengers and Local Delivery; and 

 Providing the truck transportation of palletized general freight--are classified in Industry Group 

4841, General Freight Trucking. 

4922 Local Messengers and Local Delivery 
49221 Local Messengers and Local Delivery 

 See industry description for 492210 below. 

492210 Local Messengers and Local Delivery 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing local messenger and delivery 

services of small items within a single metropolitan area or within an urban center. These establishments 

generally provide point-to-point pickup and delivery and do not operate as part of an intercity courier 

network. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alcoholic beverages delivery services 

Letters, documents, or small parcels local delivery services 

Grocery delivery services (i.e., independent service from grocery store) 

Restaurant meals delivery services (i.e., independent service from restaurant) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing local letter and parcel delivery services as part of an intercity courier network--are 

classified in Industry 492110, Couriers and Express Delivery Services; 

 Operating the National Postal Service or providing postal services on a contract basis (except the 

bulk transportation of mail)--are classified in Industry 491110, Postal Service; and 

 Providing the bulk transportation of mail on a contract basis to and from Postal Service 

establishments--are classified in Industry Group 4841, General Freight Trucking. 

493 Warehousing and Storage 

 Industries in the Warehousing and Storage subsector are primarily engaged in operating warehousing and 

storage facilities for general merchandise, refrigerated goods, and other warehouse products. These 

establishments provide facilities to store goods. They do not sell the goods they handle. These 

establishments take responsibility for storing the goods and keeping them secure. They may also provide a 

range of services, often referred to as logistics services, related to the distribution of goods. Logistics 

services can include labeling, breaking bulk, inventory control and management, light assembly, order 

entry and fulfillment, packaging, pick and pack, price marking and ticketing, and transportation 

arrangement. However, establishments in this industry group always provide warehousing or storage 

services in addition to any logistic services. Furthermore, the warehousing or storage of goods must be 

more than incidental to the performance of services, such as price marking. 

 Bonded warehousing and storage services and warehouses located in free trade zones are included in the 

industries of this subsector. 

4931 Warehousing and Storage 

49311 General Warehousing and Storage 

 See industry description for 493110 below. 

493110 General Warehousing and Storage CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating merchandise warehousing and 

storage facilities. These establishments generally handle goods in containers, such as boxes, barrels, and/or 

drums, using equipment, such as forklifts, pallets, and racks. They are not specialized in handling bulk 

products of any particular type, size, or quantity of goods or products. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Renting or leasing space for self storage--are classified in Industry 531130, Lessors of 

Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units; and 

 Selling in combination with handling and/or distributing goods to other wholesale or retail 

establishments--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade. 

49312 Refrigerated Warehousing and Storage 

 See industry description for 493120 below. 

493120 Refrigerated Warehousing and Storage 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating refrigerated warehousing and 

storage facilities. Establishments primarily engaged in the storage of furs for the trade are included in this 

industry. The services provided by these establishments include blast freezing, tempering, and modified 

atmosphere storage services. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in storing furs (except for the trade) and garments are classified in 

Industry 812320, Drycleaning and Laundry Services (except Coin-Operated). 

49313 Farm Product Warehousing and Storage 

 See industry description for 493130 below. 

493130 Farm Product Warehousing and Storage 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating bulk farm product warehousing 

and storage facilities (except refrigerated). Grain elevators primarily engaged in storage are included in 

this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating refrigerated warehousing and storage facilities--are classified in Industry 493120, 

Refrigerated Warehousing and Storage; and 

 Storing grains and field beans (i.e., grain elevators) as an incidental activity to sales--are classified 

in Industry 424510, Grain and Field Bean Merchant Wholesalers. 

49319 Other Warehousing and Storage 

 See industry description for 493190 below. 

493190 Other Warehousing and Storage 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating warehousing and storage facilities 

(except general merchandise, refrigerated, and farm product warehousing and storage). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bulk petroleum storage 

Lumber storage terminals 

Document storage and warehousing 

Whiskey warehousing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing space for self storage--are classified in Industry 531130, Lessors of 

Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units; 
 Storing hazardous materials for treatment and disposal--are classified in U.S. Industry 562211, 

Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Operating general warehousing and storage facilities--are classified in Industry 493110, General 

Warehousing and Storage; 

 Wholesaling of petroleum bulk--are classified in Industry 424710, Petroleum Bulk Stations and 

Terminals; 

 Operating refrigerated warehousing and storage facilities--are classified in Industry 493120, 

Refrigerated Warehousing and Storage; and 

 Operating farm product warehousing and storage facilities--are classified in Industry 493130, 

Farm Product Warehousing and Storage. 
Sector 51--Information 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Information sector comprises establishments engaged in the following processes: (a) producing and 

distributing information and cultural products, (b) providing the means to transmit or distribute these 

products as well as data or communications, and (c) processing data. 

 The main components of this sector are the publishing industries, including software publishing, and both 

traditional publishing and publishing exclusively on the Internet; the motion picture and sound recording 

industries; the broadcasting industries, including traditional broadcasting and those broadcasting 

exclusively over the Internet; the telecommunications industries; Web search portals, data processing 

industries, and the information services industries. 

 The expressions ''information age'' and ''global information economy'' are used with considerable 

frequency today. The general idea of an ''information economy'' includes both the notion of industries 

primarily producing, processing, and distributing information, as well as the idea that every industry is 

using available information and information technology to reorganize and make themselves more 

productive. 

 For the purposes of NAICS, it is the transformation of information into a commodity that is produced and 

distributed by a number of growing industries that is at issue. The Information sector groups three types of 

establishments: (1) those engaged in producing and distributing information and cultural products; (2) those 

that provide the means to transmit or distribute these products as well as data or communications; and (3) 

those that process data. Cultural products are those that directly express attitudes, opinions, ideas, values, 

and artistic creativity; provide entertainment; or offer information and analysis concerning the past and 

present. Included in this definition are popular, mass-produced products as well as cultural products that 

normally have a more limited audience, such as poetry books, literary magazines, or classical records. 

 The unique characteristics of information and cultural products, and of the processes involved in their 

production and distribution, distinguish the Information sector from the goods-producing and serviceproducing sectors. Some of these characteristics are: 

1. Unlike traditional goods, an ''information or cultural product,'' such as a newspaper on-line or television 

program, does not necessarily have tangible qualities, nor is it necessarily associated with a particular form. 

A movie can be shown at a movie theater, on a television broadcast, through video-on-demand or rented at 

a local video store. A sound recording can be aired on radio, embedded in multimedia products, or sold at a 

record store. 

2. Unlike traditional services, the delivery of these products does not require direct contact between the 

supplier and the consumer. 

3. The value of these products to the consumer lies in their informational, educational, cultural, or 

entertainment content, not in the format in which they are distributed. Most of these products are protected 

from unlawful reproduction by copyright laws. 

4. The intangible property aspect of information and cultural products makes the processes involved in their 

production and distribution very different from goods and services. Only those possessing the rights to 

these works are authorized to reproduce, alter, improve, and distribute them. Acquiring and using these 

rights often involves significant costs. In addition, technology is revolutionizing the distribution of these 

products. It is possible to distribute them in a physical form, via broadcast, or on-line. 

5. Distributors of information and cultural products can easily add value to the products they distribute. For 

instance, broadcasters add advertising not contained in the original product. This capacity means that 

unlike traditional distributors, they derive revenue not from sale of the distributed product to the final 

consumer, but from those who pay for the privilege of adding information to the original product. 

Similarly, a directory and mailing list publisher can acquire the rights to thousands of previously published 

newspaper and periodical articles and add new value by providing search and software and organizing the 
information in a way that facilitates research and retrieval. These products often command a much higher 

price than the original information. 

 The distribution modes for information commodities may either eliminate the necessity for traditional 

manufacture, or reverse the conventional order of manufacture-distribute: A newspaper distributed on-line, 

for example, can be printed locally or by the final consumer. Similarly, it is anticipated that packaged 

software, which today is mainly bought through the traditional retail channels, will soon be available 

mainly on-line. The NAICS Information sector is designed to make such economic changes transparent as 

they occur, or to facilitate designing surveys that will monitor the new phenomena and provide data to 

analyze the changes. 

 Many of the industries in the NAICS Information sector are engaged in producing products protected by 

copyright law, or in distributing them (other than distribution by traditional wholesale and retail methods). 

Examples are traditional publishing industries, software and directory and mailing list publishing 

industries, and film and sound industries. Broadcasting and telecommunications industries and information 

providers and processors are also included in the Information sector, because their technologies are so 

closely linked to other industries in the Information sector. 

511 Publishing Industries (except Internet) 

 Industries in the Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector group establishments engaged in the 

publishing of newspapers, magazines, other periodicals, and books, as well as directory and mailing list and 

software publishing. In general, these establishments, which are known as publishers, issue copies of 

works for which they usually possess copyright. Works may be in one or more formats including 

traditional print form, CD-ROM, or proprietary electronic networks. Publishers may publish works 

originally created by others for which they have obtained the rights and/or works that they have created inhouse. Software publishing is included here because the activity, creation of a copyrighted product and 

bringing it to market, is equivalent to the creation process for other types of intellectual products. 

 In NAICS, publishing--the reporting, writing, editing, and other processes that are required to create an 

edition of a newspaper--is treated as a major economic activity in its own right, rather than as a subsidiary 

activity to a manufacturing activity, printing. Thus, publishing is classified in the Information sector; 

whereas, printing remains in the NAICS Manufacturing sector. In part, the NAICS classification reflects 

the fact that publishing increasingly takes place in establishments that are physically separate from the 

associated printing establishments. More crucially, the NAICS classification of book and newspaper 

publishing is intended to portray their roles in a modern economy, in which they do not resemble 

manufacturing activities. 

 Music publishers are not included in the Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector, but are 

included in the Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries subsector. Reproduction of prepackaged 

software is treated in NAICS as a manufacturing activity; on-line distribution of software products is in the 

Information sector, and custom design of software to client specifications is included in the Professional, 

Scientific, and Technical Services sector. These distinctions arise because of the different ways that 

software is created, reproduced, and distributed. 

 The Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector does not include establishments that publish 

exclusively on the Internet. Establishments publishing exclusively on the Internet are included in Subsector 

519, Other Information Service. The Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector also excludes 

products, such as manifold business forms. Information is not the essential component of these items. 

Establishments producing these items are included in Subsector 323, Printing and Related Support 

Activities. 

5111 Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and Directory Publishers 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing newspapers, magazines, 

other periodicals, books, directories and mailing lists, and other works, such as calendars, greeting cards, 

and maps. These works are characterized by the intellectual creativity required in their development and 

are usually protected by copyright. Publishers distribute or arrange for the distribution of these works. 

 Publishing establishments may create the works in-house, contract for, purchase, or compile works that 

were originally created by others. These works may be published in one or more formats, such as print 
and/or electronic form, including proprietary electronic networks. Establishments in this industry may 

print, reproduce, or offer direct access to the works themselves or may arrange with others to carry out such 

functions. 

 Establishments that both print and publish may fill excess capacity with commercial or job printing. 

However, the publishing activity is still considered to be the primary activity of these establishments. 

51111 Newspaper Publishers 

 See industry description for 511110 below. 

511110 Newspaper Publishers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as newspaper publishers. Establishments in this industry 

carry out operations necessary for producing and distributing newspapers, including gathering news; 

writing news columns, feature stories, and editorials; and selling and preparing advertisements. These 

establishments may publish newspapers in print or electronic form. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments publishing newspapers exclusively on the Internet are classified in Industry 

519130, Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in printing newspapers without publishing are classified in 

Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Establishments, such as trade associations, schools and universities, and social welfare 

organizations that publish newsletters for distribution to their membership, but that are not 

commonly known as newspaper publishers, are classified according to their primary activity 

designation; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in supplying the news media with information, such as news, 

reports, and pictures, are classified in Industry 519110, News Syndicates; and 

 Establishments of independent representatives primarily engaged in selling advertising space are 

classified in Industry 541840, Media Representatives. 

51112 Periodical Publishers 

 See industry description for 511120 below. 

511120 Periodical Publishers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known either as magazine publishers or periodical publishers. 

These establishments carry out the operations necessary for producing and distributing magazines and other 

periodicals, such as gathering, writing, and editing articles, and selling and preparing advertisements. 

These establishments may publish magazines and other periodicals in print or electronic form. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Comic book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Radio and television guide publishers (except exclusive publishing) 

Magazine publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Scholarly journal publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Newsletter publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Trade journal publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments publishing periodicals exclusively on the Internet are classified in Industry 

519130, Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in printing periodicals without publishing are classified in 

Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Establishments, such as trade associations, schools and universities, and social welfare 

organizations, that publish magazines and periodicals for distribution to their membership, but that 

are not commonly known as periodical publishers, are classified according to their primary 

activity designation; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in publishing directories and mailing lists are classified in 

Industry 511140, Directory and Mailing List Publishers; and 

 Establishments of independent representatives primarily engaged in selling advertising space are 

classified in Industry 541840, Media Representatives. 

51113 Book Publishers 

 See industry description for 511130 below. 

511130 Book Publishers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as book publishers. Establishments in this industry carry 

out design, editing, and marketing activities necessary for producing and distributing books. These 

establishments may publish books in print, electronic, or audio form. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Atlas publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Religious book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

School textbook publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Encyclopedia publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Technical manual publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Map publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Travel guide book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments publishing books on the Internet exclusively are classified in Industry 519130, 

Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in printing books without publishing are classified in Industry 

32311, Printing; 

 Establishments known as music publishers are classified in Industry 512230, Music Publishers; 

 Establishments, such as trade associations, schools and universities, and social welfare 

organizations, that publish books for distribution to their membership, that are not commonly 

known as book publishers, are classified according to their primary activity designation; and 

 Book clubs primarily engaged in direct sales activities without publishing are classified in Industry 

454390, Other Direct Selling Establishments. 

51114 Directory and Mailing List Publishers 

 See industry description for 511140 below. 

511140 Directory and Mailing List Publishers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing directories, mailing lists, and 

collections or compilations of fact. The products are typically protected in their selection, arrangement 

and/or presentation. Examples are lists of mailing addresses, telephone directories, directories of 

businesses, collections or compilations of proprietary drugs or legal case results, compilations of public 

records, etc. These establishments may publish directories and mailing lists in print or electronic form. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Business directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Mailing list publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Telephone directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating web search portals or developing and publishing, exclusively on the Internet, 

collections or compilations of creative works or facts--are classified in Industry 519130, Internet 

Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Compiling mailing lists in conjunction with providing direct mail advertising services--are 

classified in Industry 541860, Direct Mail Advertising; 

 Printing without publishing directories and mailing lists--are classified in Industry 32311, 

Printing; 

 Publishing computer software--are classified in Industry 511210, Software Publishers; 

 Creating and publishing encyclopedias and similar collections of creative works in print and/or 

electronic media--are classified in Industry 511130, Book Publishers; and 

 Creating and publishing collections of creative works that are periodically updated--are classified 

in Industry 511120, Periodical Publishers. 

51119 Other Publishers 

 This industry comprises establishments known as publishers (except newspaper, magazine, book, 

directory, mailing list, and music publishers). These establishments may publish works in print or 

electronic form. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Art print publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Greeting card publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Calendar publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments publishing exclusively on the Internet are classified in Industry 51913, Internet 

Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Establishments known as newspaper publishers are classified in Industry 51111, Newspaper 

Publishers; 

 Establishments known as magazine and other periodical publishers are classified in Industry 

51112, Periodical Publishers; 

 Establishments known as book publishers are classified in Industry 51113, Book Publishers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in publishing directories and mailing lists are classified in 

Industry 51114, Directory and Mailing List Publishers; 

 Establishments known as music publishers are classified in Industry 51223, Music Publishers; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing manifold business forms are classified in 

Industry 32311, Printing. 

511191 Greeting Card Publishers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing greeting cards. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Publishing greeting cards exclusively on the Internet--are classified in Industry 519130, Internet 

Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; and 

 Printing greeting cards without publishing--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing. 

511199 All Other Publishers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments generally known as publishers (except newspaper, 

magazine, book, directory, database, music, and greeting card publishers). These establishments may 

publish works in print or electronic form. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Art print publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Calendar publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments publishing exclusively on the Internet are classified in Industry 519130, Internet 

Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Establishments known as newspaper publishers are classified in Industry 511110, Newspaper 

Publishers; 

 Establishments known as magazine or other periodical publishers are classified in Industry 

511120, Periodical Publishers; 

 Establishments known as book publishers are classified in Industry 511130, Book Publishers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in publishing directories and mailing lists are classified in 

Industry 511140, Directory and Mailing List Publishers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in greeting card publishing are classified in U.S. Industry 

511191, Greeting Card Publishers; 

 Establishments known as music publishers are classified in Industry 512230, Music Publishers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing manifold business forms are classified in U.S. 

Industry 323116, Manifold Business Forms Printing; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing day schedulers are classified in U.S. Industry 

323118, Blankbook, Looseleaf Binders, and Devices Manufacturing. 

5112 Software Publishers 

51121 Software Publishers 

 See industry description for 511210 below. 

511210 Software Publishers 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in computer software publishing or publishing 

and reproduction. Establishments in this industry carry out operations necessary for producing and 

distributing computer software, such as designing, providing documentation, assisting in installation, and 

providing support services to software purchasers. These establishments may design, develop, and publish, 

or publish only. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Reselling packaged software--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail 

Trade; 

 Providing access to software for clients from a central host site--are classified in Industry 518210, 

Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; 

 Designing software to meet the needs of specific users--are classified in U.S. Industry 541511, 

Custom Computer Programming Services; and 
 Mass duplication of software--are classified in U.S. Industry 334611, Software Reproducing. 

512 Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries 

 Industries in the Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries subsector group establishments involved 

in the production and distribution of motion pictures and sound recordings. While producers and 

distributors of motion pictures and sound recordings issue works for sale as traditional publishers do, the 

processes are sufficiently different to warrant placing establishments engaged in these activities in a 

separate subsector. Production is typically a complex process that involves several distinct types of 

establishments that are engaged in activities, such as contracting with performers, creating the film or 

sound content, and providing technical postproduction services. Film distribution is often to exhibitors, 

such as theaters and broadcasters, rather than through the wholesale and retail distribution chain. When the 

product is in a mass-produced form, NAICS treats production and distribution as the major economic 

activity as it does in the Publishing Industries subsector, rather than as a subsidiary activity to the 

manufacture of such products. 

 This subsector does not include establishments primarily engaged in the wholesale distribution of 

videocassettes and sound recordings, such as compact discs and audio tapes; these establishments are 

included in the Wholesale Trade sector. Reproduction of videocassettes and sound recordings that is 

carried out separately from establishments engaged in production and distribution is treated in NAICS as a 

manufacturing activity. 

5121 Motion Picture and Video Industries 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the production and/or distribution of 

motion pictures, videos, television programs, or commercials; in the exhibition of motion pictures; or in the 

provision of postproduction and related services. 

51211 Motion Picture and Video Production 

 See industry description for 512110 below. 

512110 Motion Picture and Video Production CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing, or producing and distributing 

motion pictures, videos, television programs, or television commercials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing motion pictures and videos on contract as independent producers--are classified in 

Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; 

 Providing teleproduction and other postproduction services--are classified in U.S. Industry 

512191, Teleproduction and Other Postproduction Services; 

 Providing video taping of weddings, special events, and/or business inventories--are classified in 

Industry 54192, Photographic Services; 

 Providing motion picture laboratory services--are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other 

Motion Picture and Video Industries; 

 Providing mass duplication and packaging of video tapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, 

Prerecorded Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing; and 

 Acquiring distribution rights and distributing motion pictures and videos--are classified in Industry 

512120, Motion Picture and Video Distribution. 

51212 Motion Picture and Video Distribution 

 See industry description for 512120 below. 

512120 Motion Picture and Video Distribution 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acquiring distribution rights and distributing 

film and video productions to motion picture theaters, television networks and stations, and exhibitors. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing and distributing motion pictures and videos--are classified in Industry 512110, Motion 

Picture and Video Production; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of blank video cassette tapes and discs--are classified in Industry 

423690, Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of prerecorded video cassette tapes and discs--are classified in 

Industry 423990, Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Providing mass duplication and packaging of video tapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, 

Prerecorded Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing; 

 Providing motion picture footage (via film libraries) to producers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

512199, Other Motion Picture and Video Industries; 

 Renting video tapes and discs to the general public--are classified in Industry 532230, Video Tape 

and Disc Rental; and 

 Selling video cassettes and discs to the general public--are classified in Industry 451220, 

Prerecorded Tape, Compact Disc, and Record Stores. 

51213 Motion Picture and Video Exhibition 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating motion picture theaters and/or 

exhibiting motion pictures or videos at film festivals, and so forth. 

512131 Motion Picture Theaters (except Drive-Ins) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating motion picture theaters 

(except drive-ins) and/or exhibiting motion pictures or videos at film festivals, and so forth. 

512132 Drive-In Motion Picture Theaters US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating drive-in motion picture 

theaters. 

51219 Postproduction Services and Other Motion Picture and Video Industries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing postproduction services and other 

services to the motion picture industry, including specialized motion picture or video postproduction 

services, such as editing, film/tape transfers, titling, subtitling, credits, closed captioning, and computerproduced graphics, animation and special effects, as well as developing and processing motion picture film. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Motion picture film laboratories 

Stock footage film libraries 

Postproduction facilities 

Teleproduction services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mass duplicating video tapes and film--are classified in Industry 33461, Manufacturing and 

Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media; 

 Providing audio services for film, television, and video productions--are classified in Industry 

51224, Sound Recording Studios; 
 Renting wardrobes and costumes for motion picture production--are classified in Industry 53222, 

Formal Wear and Costume Rental; 

 Renting studio equipment--are classified in Industry 53249, Other Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; and 

 Casting actors and actresses with production companies--are classified in Industry 56131, 

Employment Placement Agencies and Executive Search Services. 

512191 Teleproduction and Other Postproduction Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized motion picture or 

video postproduction services, such as editing, film/tape transfers, subtitling, credits, closed captioning, and 

animation and special effects. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Mass duplicating video tapes and film--are classified in Industry 33461, Manufacturing and 

Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media; 

 Developing and processing motion picture film--are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other 

Motion Picture and Video Industries; 

 Providing audio services for film, television, and video productions--are classified in Industry 

512240, Sound Recording Studios; and 

 Acquiring distribution rights and distributing film and video productions to motion picture 

theaters, television networks and stations, and exhibitors--are classified in Industry 512120, 

Motion Picture and Video Distribution. 

512199 Other Motion Picture and Video Industries US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing motion picture and video 

services (except motion picture and video production, distribution, exhibition, and teleproduction and other 

postproduction services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Motion picture film laboratories 

Stock footage film libraries 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting wardrobes and costumes for motion picture production--are classified in Industry 532220, 

Formal Wear and Costume Rental; 

 Renting studio equipment--are classified in Industry 532490, Other Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Casting actors and actresses with production companies--are classified in U.S. Industry 561311, 

Employment Placement Agencies; 

 Motion picture and video production--are classified in Industry 512110, Motion Picture and Video 

Production; 

 Motion picture and video distribution--are classified in Industry 512120, Motion Picture and 

Video Distribution; 

 Teleproduction and other postproduction services--are classified in U.S. Industry 512191, 

Teleproduction and Other Postproduction Services; and 

 Motion picture and video exhibition--are classified in Industry 51213, Motion Picture and Video 

Exhibition. 

5122 Sound Recording Industries 
 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing and distributing musical 

recordings, in publishing music, or in providing sound recording and related services. 

51221 Record Production 

 See industry description for 512210 below. 

512210 Record Production 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in record production (e.g., tapes, CDs). These 

establishments contract with artists and arrange and finance the production of original master recordings. 

Establishments in this industry hold the copyright to the master recording and derive most of their revenues 

from the sales, leasing, and licensing of master recordings. Establishments in this industry do not have 

their own duplication or distribution capabilities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Releasing, promoting, and distributing recordings--are classified in Industry 512220, Integrated 

Record Production/Distribution; 

 Promoting and authorizing the use of musical works in various media--are classified in Industry 

512230, Music Publishers; 

 Mass duplication services--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, Prerecorded Compact Disc 

(except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of blank audio cassettes, tapes, and discs--are classified in 

Industry 423690, Other Electronic Parts and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of prerecorded audio cassettes, tapes, and discs--are classified in 

Industry 423990, Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Managing the careers of artists--are classified in Industry 711410, Agents and Managers for 

Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other Public Figures; 

 Providing facilities and technical expertise for recording musical performances--are classified in 

Industry 512240, Sound Recording Studios; and 

 Producing albums on contract as independent producers--are classified in Industry 711510, 

Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers. 

51222 Integrated Record Production/Distribution 

 See industry description for 512220 below. 

512220 Integrated Record Production/Distribution 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in releasing, promoting, and distributing sound 

recordings. These establishments manufacture or arrange for the manufacture of recordings, such as audio 

tapes/cassettes and compact discs, and promote and distribute these products to wholesalers, retailers, or 

directly to the public. Establishments in this industry produce master recordings themselves, or obtain 

reproduction and distribution rights to master recordings produced by record production companies or other 

integrated record companies. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Contracting with musical artists, arranging for the production of master recordings, and marketing 

the reproduction rights--are classified in Industry 512210, Record Production; 

 Providing facilities and technical expertise for recording musical performances--are classified in 

Industry 512240, Sound Recording Studios; 

 Mass duplication of recorded products--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, Prerecorded 

Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing; 

 Merchant wholesale distribution of prerecorded audio cassettes, tapes, and discs--are classified in 

Industry 423990, Other Miscellaneous Durable Goods Merchant Wholesalers; and 
 Retailing records, tapes, and compact discs without producing recordings--are classified in Sector 

44-45, Retail Trade. 

51223 Music Publishers 

 See industry description for 512230 below. 

512230 Music Publishers 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acquiring and registering copyrights for 

musical compositions in accordance with law and promoting and authorizing the use of these compositions 

in recordings, radio, television, motion pictures, live performances, print, or other media. Establishments in 

this industry represent the interests of the songwriter or other owners of musical compositions to produce 

revenues from the use of such works, generally through licensing agreements. These establishments may 

own the copyright or act as administrator of the music copyrights on behalf of copyright owners. 

Publishers of music books and sheet music are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged as independent songwriters who act as their own publishers are 

classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers. 

51224 Sound Recording Studios 

 See industry description for 512240 below. 

512240 Sound Recording Studios 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing the facilities and technical 

expertise for sound recording in a studio. This industry includes establishments that provide audio 

production and postproduction services to produce master recordings. These establishments may provide 

audio services for film, television, and video productions. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Releasing, promoting, and distributing sound recordings--are classified in Industry 512220, 

Integrated Record Production/Distribution; 

 Providing mass duplication of recorded products--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, 

Prerecorded Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing; and 

 Contracting with musical artists, arranging for the production of master recordings, and marketing 

the reproduction rights--are classified in Industry 512210, Record Production. 

51229 Other Sound Recording Industries 

 See industry description for 512290 below. 

512290 Other Sound Recording Industries 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing sound recording services (except 

record production, distribution, music publishing, and sound recording in a studio). Establishments in this 

industry provide services, such as the audio recording of meetings and conferences. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing records, including contracting with musical artists, arranging and financing the 

production of master recordings, and marketing the reproduction rights--are classified in Industry 

512210, Record Production; 
 Releasing, promoting, and distributing sound recordings--are classified in Industry 512220, 

Integrated Record Production/Distribution; 

 Promoting and authorizing the use of musical works in various media--are classified in Industry 

512230, Music Publishers; 

 Providing facilities and expertise for recording musical performance--are classified in Industry 

512240, Sound Recording Studios; 

 Providing mass duplication of recorded products--are classified in U.S. Industry 334612, 

Prerecorded Compact Disc (except Software), Tape, and Record Reproducing; and 

 Organizing and promoting the presentation of performing arts productions--are classified in 

Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events. 

515 Broadcasting (except Internet) 

 Industries in the Broadcasting (except Internet) subsector include establishments that create content or 

acquire the right to distribute content and subsequently broadcast the content. The industry groups (Radio 

and Television Broadcasting and Cable and Other Subscription Programming) are based on differences in 

the methods of communication and the nature of services provided. The Radio and Television 

Broadcasting industry group includes establishments that operate broadcasting studios and facilities for 

over the air or satellite delivery of radio and television programs of entertainment, news, talk, and the like. 

These establishments are often engaged in the production and purchase of programs and generating 

revenues from the sale of air time to advertisers and from donations, subsidies, and/or the sale of programs. 

The Cable and Other Subscription Programming industry group includes establishments operating studios 

and facilities for the broadcasting of programs that are typically narrowcast in nature (limited format, such 

as news, sports, education, and youth-oriented programming) on a subscription or fee basis. 

 The distribution of cable and other subscription programming is included in Subsector 517, 

Telecommunications. Establishments that broadcast exclusively on the Internet are included in Subsector 

519, Other Information Services. 

5151 Radio and Television Broadcasting 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating broadcast studios and 

facilities for over-the-air or satellite delivery of radio and television programs. These establishments are 

often engaged in the production or purchase of programs or generate revenues from the sale of air time to 

advertisers, from donations and subsidies, or from the sale of programs. 

51511 Radio Broadcasting 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in broadcasting audio signals. These 

establishments operate radio broadcasting studios and facilities for the transmission of aural programming 

to the public, to affiliates, or to subscribers. The radio programs may include entertainment, news, talk 

shows, business data, or religious services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Broadcasting exclusively on the Internet--are classified in Industry 51913, Internet Publishing and 

Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; and 

 Producing taped radio programming--are classified in Industry 51229, Other Sound Recording 

Industries. 

515111 Radio Networks US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in assembling and transmitting aural 

programming to their affiliates or subscribers via over-the-air broadcasts, cable, or satellite. The 

programming covers a wide variety of material, such as news services, religious programming, weather, 

sports, or music. 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Broadcasting exclusively on the Internet--are classified in Industry 519130, Internet Publishing 

and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; and 

 Producing taped radio programming--are classified in Industry 512290, Other Sound Recording 

Industries. 

515112 Radio Stations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in broadcasting aural programs by radio 

to the public. Programming may originate in their own studio, from an affiliated network, or from external 

sources. 

51512 Television Broadcasting 

 See industry description for 515120 below. 

515120 Television Broadcasting 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in broadcasting images together with sound. 

These establishments operate television broadcasting studios and facilities for the programming and 

transmission of programs to the public. These establishments also produce or transmit visual programming 

to affiliated broadcast television stations, which in turn broadcast the programs to the public on a 

predetermined schedule. Programming may originate in their own studio, from an affiliated network, or 

from external sources. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Broadcasting exclusively on the Internet--are classified in Industry 519130, Internet Publishing 

and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Producing taped television program materials--are classified in Industry 512110, Motion Picture 

and Video Production; 

 Furnishing cable and other pay television services--are classified in Industry 517110, Wired 

Telecommunications Carriers; and 

 Producing and broadcasting television programs for cable and satellite television systems--are 

classified in Industry 515210, Cable and Other Subscription Programming. 

5152 Cable and Other Subscription Programming 

51521 Cable and Other Subscription Programming 

 See industry description for 515210 below. 

515210 Cable and Other Subscription Programming 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating studios and facilities for the 

broadcasting of programs on a subscription or fee basis. The broadcast programming is typically 

narrowcast in nature (e.g., limited format, such as news, sports, education, or youth-oriented). These 

establishments produce programming in their own facilities or acquire programming from external sources. 

The programming material is usually delivered to a third party, such as cable systems or direct-to-home 

satellite systems, for transmission to viewers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing taped television program material--are classified in Industry 512110, Motion Picture 

and Video Production; 
 Producing and transmitting television programs to affiliated stations--are classified in Industry 

515120, Television Broadcasting; 

 Furnishing cable and other pay television services--are classified in Industry 517110, Wired 

Telecommunications Carriers; and 

 Retailing merchandise by electronic media, such as television--are classified in Industry 45411, 

Electronic Shopping and Mail-Order Houses. 

517 Telecommunications 

 Industries in the Telecommunications subsector group establishments that provide telecommunications 

and the services related to that activity (e.g., telephony, including Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP); 

cable and satellite television distribution services; Internet access; telecommunications reselling services). 

The Telecommunications subsector is primarily engaged in operating, and/or providing access to facilities 

for the transmission of voice, data, text, sound, and video. Transmission facilities may be based on a single 

technology or a combination of technologies. Establishments in the Telecommunications subsector are 

grouped into four industry groups. The first three are comprised of establishments that operate 

transmission facilities and infrastructure that they own and/or lease, and provide telecommunications 

services using those facilities. The distinction among the first three industry groups is the type of 

infrastructure operated (i.e., wired, wireless, or satellite). The fourth industry group is comprised of 

establishments that provide support activities, telecommunications reselling services, or many of the same 

services provided by establishments in the first three industry groups, but do not operate as 

telecommunications carriers. Establishments primarily engaged as independent contractors in the 

installation and maintenance of broadcasting and telecommunications systems are classified in Sector 23, 

Construction. Establishments known as Internet cafes, primarily engaged in offering limited Internet 

connectivity in combination with other services such as facsimile services, training, rental of on-site 

personal computers, game rooms, or food services are classified in Subsector 561, Administrative and 

Support Services, or Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places, depending on the primary activity. 

5171 Wired Telecommunications Carriers 

51711 Wired Telecommunications Carriers 

 See industry description for 517110 below. 

517110 Wired Telecommunications Carriers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating and/or providing access to 

transmission facilities and infrastructure that they own and/or lease for the transmission of voice, data, text, 

sound, and video using wired telecommunications networks. Transmission facilities may be based on a 

single technology or a combination of technologies. Establishments in this industry use the wired 

telecommunications network facilities that they operate to provide a variety of services, such as wired 

telephony services, including VoIP services; wired (cable) audio and video programming distribution; and 

wired broadband Internet services. By exception, establishments providing satellite television distribution 

services using facilities and infrastructure that they operate are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Broadband Internet service providers, wired (e.g. cable, DSL) 

Local telephone carriers, wired 

Cable television distribution services 

Long-distance telephone carriers, wired 

Closed circuit television (CCTV) services 

VoIP service providers, using own operated wired telecommunications infrastructure 

Direct-to-home satellite system (DTH) services 

Telecommunications carriers, wired 

Satellite television distribution systems 

Multichannel multipoint distribution services (MMDS) 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing and distributing a channel of television programming for cable or satellite television 

systems--are classified in Industry 515210, Cable and Other Subscription Programming; 

 Operating coin-operated pay telephones--are classified in Industry 812990, All Other Personal 

Services; 

 Operating and maintaining wireless telecommunications networks--are classified in Industry 

517210, Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite); 

 Producing and distributing radio programs for cable or satellite radio systems--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 515111, Radio Networks; 

 Reselling telecommunications services (except satellite telecommunications), without operating a 

network--are classified in U.S. Industry 517911, Telecommunications Resellers; 

 Publishing telephone directories--are classified in Industry 511140, Directory and Mailing List 

Publishers; 

 Reselling satellite telecommunications services--are classified in Industry 517410, Satellite 

Telecommunications; 

 Providing Internet access services via client-supplied telecommunications connections (e.g. dial up 

ISP's)--are classified in U.S. Industry 517919, All Other Telecommunications; 

 Providing voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) services via client-supplied telecommunications 

connections--are classified in U.S. Industry 517919, All Other Telecommunications; 

 Providing limited Internet connectivity at locations known as Internet cafes, in combination with 

other services such as facsimile services, training, rental of on-site personal computers, games 

rooms, or food services--are classified in U.S. Industry 561439, Other Business Service Centers 

(including Copy Shops) or Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places, depending on the 

primary activity. 

5172 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) 

51721 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) 

 See industry description for 517210 below. 

517210 Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) 

 This industry comprises establishments engaged in operating and maintaining switching and transmission 

facilities to provide communications via the airwaves. Establishments in this industry have spectrum 

licenses and provide services using that spectrum, such as cellular phone services, paging services, wireless 

Internet access, and wireless video services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cellular telephone services 

Wireless Internet service providers, except satellite 

Paging services, except satellite 

Wireless telephone communications carriers, except satellite 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating and maintaining wired telecommunications networks--are classified in Industry 517110, 

Wired Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Operating and maintaining satellite networks--are classified in Industry 517410, Satellite 

Telecommunications; 

 Providing satellite television distribution services--are classified in Industry 517110, Wired 

Telecommunications Carriers; and 
 Operating as mobile virtual network operations (MVNO)--are classified in U.S. Industry 517911, 

Telecommunications Resellers. 

5174 Satellite Telecommunications 

51741 Satellite Telecommunications 

 See industry description for 517410 below. 

517410 Satellite Telecommunications 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing telecommunications services to 

other establishments in the telecommunications and broadcasting industries by forwarding and receiving 

communications signals via a system of satellites or reselling satellite telecommunications. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing direct-to-home satellite television services to individual 

households or consumers are classified in Industry 517110, Wired Telecommunications Carriers. 

5179 Other Telecommunications 

51791 Other Telecommunications 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) purchasing access and network capacity 

from owners and operators of telecommunications networks and reselling wired and wireless 

telecommunications services (except satellite) to businesses and households; (2) providing specialized 

telecommunications services, such as satellite tracking, communications telemetry, and radar station 

operation; (3) providing satellite terminal stations and associated facilities connected with one or more 

terrestrial systems and capable of transmitting telecommunications to, and receiving telecommunications 

from, satellite systems; or (4) providing Internet access services or Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) 

services via client-supplied telecommunications connections. Establishments in this industry do not 

operate as telecommunications carriers. Mobile virtual network operators (MVNO) are included in this 

industry. 

517911 Telecommunications Resellers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in purchasing access and network capacity from 

owners and operators of telecommunications networks and reselling wired and wireless 

telecommunications services (except satellite) to businesses and households. Establishments in this 

industry resell telecommunications; they do not operate transmission facilities and infrastructure. Mobile 

virtual network operators (MVNOs) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating and maintaining wired telecommunications networks--are classified in Industry 517110, 

Wired Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Operating and maintaining wireless telecommunications networks--are classified in Industry 

517210, Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite); and 

 Reselling satellite telecommunications services--are classified in Industry 517410, Satellite 

Telecommunications. 

517919 All Other Telecommunications US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized 

telecommunications services, such as satellite tracking, communications telemetry, and radar station 

operation. This industry also includes establishments primarily engaged in providing satellite terminal 
stations and associated facilities connected with one or more terrestrial systems and capable of transmitting 

telecommunications to, and receiving telecommunications from, satellite systems. Establishments 

providing Internet services or voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) services via client-supplied 

telecommunications connections are also included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dial-up Internet service providers 

VoIP service providers, using client-supplied telecommunications connections 

Internet service providers using client-supplied telecommunications connections (e.g., dial-up ISPs) 

Satellite tracking stations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing wired broadband Internet services via own operated telecommunications infrastructure--

are classified in Industry 517110, Wired Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Providing wired VoIP services via own operated telecommunications infrastructure--are classified 

in Industry 517110, Wired Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Providing expert advice in the field of information technology or in integrating communication 

and computer systems--are classified in Industry 54151, Computer Systems Design and Related 

Services; and 

 Providing satellite telecommunications services--are classified in Industry 517410, Satellite 

Telecommunications. 

518 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services 

 Industries in the Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services subsector group establishments that 

provide the infrastructure for hosting and/or data processing services. 

5182 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services 

51821 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services 

 See industry description for 518210 below. 

518210 Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing infrastructure for hosting or data 

processing services. These establishments may provide specialized hosting activities, such as web hosting, 

streaming services or application hosting; provide application service provisioning; or may provide general 

time-share mainframe facilities to clients. Data processing establishments provide complete processing and 

specialized reports from data supplied by clients or provide automated data processing and data entry 

services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Application hosting 

Optical scanning services 

Application service providers 

Web hosting 

Computer data storage services 

Video and audio streaming service 

Computer input preparation services 

Microfilm imaging services 

Computer time rental 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing text processing and related document preparation activities--are classified in Industry 

561410, Document Preparation Services; 

 Providing on-site management and operation of a client's data-processing facilities--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 541513, Computer Facilities Management Services; 

 Providing wired broadband Internet access services using own operated telecommunications 

infrastructure, in combination with web hosting--are classified in Industry 517110, Wired 

Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Providing Internet access via client-supplied telecommunications connections in combination with 

web hosting--are classified in U.S. Industry 517919, All Other Telecommunications; 

 Operating web search portals--are classified in U.S. Industry 519130, Internet Publishing and 

Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Providing access to computers and office equipment, as well as other office support services--are 

classified in Industry 56143, Business Service Centers; 

 Processing financial transactions, such as credit card transactions--are classified in Industry 

522320, Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities; and 

 Providing payroll processing services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541214, Payroll Services. 

519 Other Information Services 

 Industries in the Other Information Services subsector group establishments supplying information, 

storing and providing access to information, searching and retrieving information, operating Web sites that 

use search engines to allow for searching information on the Internet, or publishing and/or broadcasting 

content exclusively on the Internet. The main components of the subsector are news syndicates, libraries, 

archives, exclusive Internet publishing and/or broadcasting, and Web Search Portals. 

5191 Other Information Services 

51911 News Syndicates

 See industry description for 519110 below. 

519110 News Syndicates 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying information, such as news 

reports, articles, pictures, and features, to the news media. 

Cross-References. 

 Independent writers and journalists (including photojournalists) are classified in Industry 711510, 

Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers. 

51912 Libraries and Archives 

 See industry description for 519120 below. 

519120 Libraries and Archives US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing library or archive services. These 

establishments are engaged in maintaining collections of documents (e.g., books, journals, newspapers, and 

music) and facilitating the use of such documents (recorded information regardless of its physical form and 

characteristics) as are required to meet the informational, research, educational, or recreational needs of 

their user. These establishments may also acquire, research, store, preserve, and generally make accessible 

to the public historical documents, photographs, maps, audio material, audiovisual material, and other 

archival material of historical interest. All or portions of these collections may be accessible electronically. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing stock footage (via motion picture and video tape libraries) to the media, multimedia, 

and advertising industries--are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other Motion Picture and Video 

Industries; 

 Providing stock music to the media, multimedia, and advertising industries--are classified in 

Industry 512290, Other Sound Recording Industries; 

 Providing stock photos to the media, multimedia, and advertising industries--are classified in 

Industry 519190, All Other Information Services; and 

 Distributing film and video productions to motion picture theaters, television networks and 

stations, and exhibitors--are classified in U.S. Industry 512120, Motion Picture and Video 

Distribution. 

51913 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals 

 See industry description for 519130 below. 

519130 Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in 1) publishing and/or broadcasting content 

on the Internet exclusively or 2) operating Web sites that use a search engine to generate and maintain 

extensive databases of Internet addresses and content in an easily searchable format (and known as Web 

search portals). The publishing and broadcasting establishments in this industry do not provide traditional 

(non-Internet) versions of the content that they publish or broadcast. They provide textual, audio, and/or 

video content of general or specific interest on the Internet exclusively. Establishments known as Web 

search portals often provide additional Internet services, such as e-mail, connections to other web sites, 

auctions, news, and other limited content, and serve as a home base for Internet users. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Internet book publishers 

Internet sports sites 

Internet entertainment sites 

Internet video broadcast sites 

Internet game sites 

Internet news publishers 

Internet periodical publishers 

Internet radio stations 

Internet search portals 

Web search portals 

Internet search Web sites 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing wired broadband Internet access using own operated telecommunications infrastructure-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 517110, Wired Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Providing both Internet publishing and other print or electronic (e.g., CD-ROM, diskette) editions 

in the same establishment or using proprietary networks to distribute content--are classified in 

Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet) based on the materials produced; 

 Providing Internet access via client-supplied telecommunications connections--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 517919, All Other Telecommunications; 

 Providing streaming services on content owned by others--are classified in Industry 518210, Data 

Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; 

 Wholesaling goods on the Internet--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade; 

 Retailing goods on the Internet--are classified in Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; and 
 Operating stock brokerages, travel reservation systems, purchasing services, and similar activities 

using the Internet rather than traditional methods--are classified with the more traditional 

establishments providing these services. 

51919 All Other Information Services 

 See industry description for 519190 below. 

519190 All Other Information Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing other information services (except 

news syndicates, libraries, archives, Internet publishing and broadcasting, and Web search portals). 

Illustrative Examples: 

News clipping services 

Telephone-based information services 

Stock photo agencies 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing wired broadband Internet access services using own operated telecommunications 

infrastructure--are classified in Industry 517110, Wired Telecommunications Carriers; 

 Providing Internet access via client-supplied telecommunications connections--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 517919, All Other Telecommunications; 

 Publishing (except exclusively on the Internet)--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet); 

 Publishing or broadcasting exclusively on the Internet--are classified in Industry 519130, Internet 

Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Operating Web search portals--are classified in U.S. Industry 519130, Internet Publishing and 

Broadcasting and Web Search Portals; 

 Operating news syndicates--are classified in Industry 519110, News Syndicates; and 

 Operating libraries and archives--are classified in Industry 519120, Libraries and Archives. 
Sector 52--Finance and Insurance 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Finance and Insurance sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in financial transactions 

(transactions involving the creation, liquidation, or change in ownership of financial assets) and/or in 

facilitating financial transactions. Three principal types of activities are identified: 

 1. Raising funds by taking deposits and/or issuing securities and, in the process, incurring liabilities. 

Establishments engaged in this activity use raised funds to acquire financial assets by making loans and/or 

purchasing securities. Putting themselves at risk, they channel funds from lenders to borrowers and 

transform or repackage the funds with respect to maturity, scale, and risk. This activity is known as 

financial intermediation. 

 2. Pooling of risk by underwriting insurance and annuities. Establishments engaged in this activity 

collect fees, insurance premiums, or annuity considerations; build up reserves; invest those reserves; and 

make contractual payments. Fees are based on the expected incidence of the insured risk and the expected 

return on investment. 

 3. Providing specialized services facilitating or supporting financial intermediation, insurance, and 

employee benefit programs. 

 In addition, monetary authorities charged with monetary control are included in this sector. 

 The subsectors, industry groups, and industries within the NAICS Finance and Insurance sector are 

defined on the basis of their unique production processes. As with all industries, the production processes 

are distinguished by their use of specialized human resources and specialized physical capital. In addition, 

the way in which these establishments acquire and allocate financial capital, their source of funds, and the 

use of those funds provides a third basis for distinguishing characteristics of the production process. For 

instance, the production process in raising funds through deposit-taking is different from the process of 

raising funds in bond or money markets. The process of making loans to individuals also requires different 

production processes than does the creation of investment pools or the underwriting of securities. 

 Most of the Finance and Insurance subsectors contain one or more industry groups of (1) intermediaries 

with similar patterns of raising and using funds and (2) establishments engaged in activities that facilitate, 

or are otherwise related to, that type of financial or insurance intermediation. Industries within this sector 

are defined in terms of activities for which a production process can be specified, and many of these 

activities are not exclusive to a particular type of financial institution. To deal with the varied activities 

taking place within existing financial institutions, the approach is to split these institutions into components 

performing specialized services. This requires defining the units engaged in providing those services and 

developing procedures that allow for their delineation. These units are the equivalents for finance and 

insurance of the establishments defined for other industries. 

 The output of many financial services, as well as the inputs and the processes by which they are 

combined, cannot be observed at a single location and can only be defined at a higher level of the 

organizational structure of the enterprise. Additionally, a number of independent activities that represent 

separate and distinct production processes may take place at a single location belonging to a multilocation 

financial firm. Activities are more likely to be homogeneous with respect to production characteristics than 

are locations, at least in financial services. The classification defines activities broadly enough that it can 

be used both by those classifying by location and by those employing a more top-down approach to the 

delineation of the establishment. 

 Establishments engaged in activities that facilitate, or are otherwise related to, the various types of 

intermediation have been included in individual subsectors, rather than in a separate subsector dedicated to 

services alone because these services are performed by intermediaries, as well as by specialist 

establishments, the extent to which the activity of the intermediaries can be separately identified is not 

clear. 

 The Finance and Insurance sector has been defined to encompass establishments primarily engaged in 

financial transactions; that is, transactions involving the creation, liquidation, change in ownership of 
financial assets; or in facilitating financial transactions. Financial industries are extensive users of 

electronic means for facilitating the verification of financial balances, authorizing transactions, transferring 

funds to and from transactors' accounts, notifying banks (or credit card issuers) of the individual 

transactions, and providing daily summaries. Since these transaction processing activities are integral to 

the production of finance and insurance services, establishments that principally provide a financial 

transaction processing service are classified to this sector, rather than to the data processing industry in the 

Information sector. 

 Legal entities that hold portfolios of assets on behalf of others are significant and data on them are 

required for a variety of purposes. Thus for NAICS, these funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles are the 

fifth subsector of the Finance and Insurance sector. These entities earn interest, dividends, and other 

property income, but have little or no employment and no revenue from the sale of services. Separate 

establishments and employees devoted to the management of funds are classified in Industry Group 5239, 

Other Financial Investment Activities. 

521 Monetary Authorities-Central Bank

 The Monetary Authorities-Central Bank subsector groups establishments that engage in performing 

central banking functions, such as issuing currency, managing the Nation's money supply and international 

reserves, holding deposits that represent the reserves of other banks and other central banks, and acting as a 

fiscal agent for the central government. 

5211 Monetary Authorities-Central Bank 

52111 Monetary Authorities-Central Bank 

 See industry description for 521110 below 

521110 Monetary Authorities-Central Bank 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing central banking functions, such 

as issuing currency, managing the Nation's money supply and international reserves, holding deposits that 

represent the reserves of other banks and other central banks, and acting as a fiscal agent for the central 

government. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System are classified in Industry 

921130, Public Finance Activities. 

522 Credit Intermediation and Related Activities 

 Industries in the Credit Intermediation and Related Activities subsector group establishments that (1) lend 

funds raised from depositors; (2) lend funds raised from credit market borrowing; or (3) facilitate the 

lending of funds or issuance of credit by engaging in such activities as mortgage and loan brokerage, 

clearinghouse and reserve services, and check cashing services. 

5221 Depository Credit Intermediation CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in accepting deposits (or share deposits) 

and in lending funds from these deposits. Within this group, industries are defined on the basis of 

differences in the types of deposit liabilities assumed and in the nature of the credit extended. 

52211 Commercial Banking US 

 See industry description for 522110 below. 

522110 Commercial Banking US 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in accepting demand and other deposits and 

making commercial, industrial, and consumer loans. Commercial banks and branches of foreign banks are 

included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in credit card banking are classified in Industry 522210, Credit 

Card Issuing; 

 Establishments known as industrial banks and primarily engaged in accepting deposits are 

classified in Industry 522190, Other Depository Credit Intermediation; and 

 Establishments of depository institutions primarily engaged in trust activities are classified in U.S. 

Industry 523991, Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Activities. 

52212 Savings Institutions US 

 See industry description for 522120 below. 

522120 Savings Institutions US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in accepting time deposits, making 

mortgage and real estate loans, and investing in high-grade securities. Savings and loan associations and 

savings banks are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in accepting demand and other deposits and making all types of loans 

are classified in Industry 522110, Commercial Banking. 

52213 Credit Unions CAN 

 See industry description for 522130 below. 

522130 Credit Unions CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in accepting members' share deposits in 

cooperatives that are organized to offer consumer loans to their members. 

52219 Other Depository Credit Intermediation CAN 

 See industry description for 522190 below. 

 

522190 Other Depository Credit Intermediation CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in accepting deposits and lending funds 

(except commercial banking, savings institutions, and credit unions). Establishments known as industrial 

banks or Morris Plans and primarily engaged in accepting deposits, and private banks (i.e., unincorporated 

banks) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in accepting demand and other deposits and making all types of 

loans are classified in Industry 522110, Commercial Banking; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in accepting time deposits are classified in Industry 522120, 

Savings Institutions; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in accepting members' share deposits in cooperatives are 

classified in Industry 522130, Credit Unions; and 
 Establishments known as industrial banks and Morris Plans and are primarily engaged in 

providing nondepository credit are classified in U.S. Industry 522298, All Other Nondepository 

Credit Intermediation. 

5222 Nondepository Credit Intermediation CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments, both public (government-sponsored enterprises) and 

private, primarily engaged in extending credit or lending funds raised by credit market borrowing, such as 

issuing commercial paper or other debt instruments or by borrowing from other financial intermediaries. 

Within this group, industries are defined on the basis of the type of credit being extended. 

52221 Credit Card Issuing CAN 

 See industry description for 522210 below. 

522210 Credit Card Issuing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing credit by issuing credit cards. 

Credit card issuance provides the funds required to purchase goods and services in return for payment of 

the full balance or payments on an installment basis. Credit card banks are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in issuing cards that contain a stored prepaid value are classified with 

the industry providing the service represented by the cards, such as transit fare cards, in Subsector 482, Rail 

Transportation, and long-distance telephone cards in Subsector 517, Telecommunications. 

52222 Sales Financing CAN 

 See industry description for 522220 below. 

522220 Sales Financing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in sales financing or sales financing in 

combination with leasing. Sales financing establishments are primarily engaged in lending money for the 

purpose of providing collateralized goods through a contractual installment sales agreement, either directly 

from or through arrangements with dealers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments not engaged in sales financing, but primarily engaged in providing leases for equipment 

and other assets are classified in Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services. 

52229 Other Nondepository Credit Intermediation CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in making cash loans or extending credit 

through credit instruments (except credit cards and sales finance agreements). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Consumer finance companies (i.e., unsecured cash loans) 

Mortgage companies 

International trade financing 

Secondary market financing 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing credit sales by issuing credit cards--are classified in Industry 52221, Credit Card 

Issuing; 

 Providing leases for equipment and other assets without sales financing--are classified in 

Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services; 

 Accepting deposits and lending funds from these deposits--are classified in Industry Group 5221, 

Depository Credit Intermediation; 

 Arranging loans for others on a commission or fee basis--are classified in Industry 52231, 

Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers; and 

 Guaranteeing international trade loans--are classified in Industry 52412, Direct Insurance (except 

Life, Health, and Medical) Carriers. 

522291 Consumer Lending CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in making unsecured cash loans to 

consumers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Finance companies (i.e., unsecured cash loans) 

Personal credit institutions (i.e., unsecured cash loans) 

Loan companies (i.e., consumer, personal, student, small) 

Student loans companies 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Accepting deposits and lending funds from these deposits--are classified in Industry Group 5221, 

Depository Credit Intermediation; and 

 Arranging loans for others on a commission or fee basis--are classified in Industry 522310, 

Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers. 

522292 Real Estate Credit US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in lending funds with real estate as 

collateral. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Home equity credit lending 

Mortgage companies 

Mortgage banking (i.e., nondepository mortgage lending) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Servicing loans--are classified in Industry 522390, Other Activities Related to Credit 

Intermediation; 

 Arranging loans for others on a commission or fee basis--are classified in Industry 522310, 

Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers; and 

 Accepting deposits and lending funds secured by real estate--are classified in Industry Group 

5221, Depository Credit Intermediation. 

522293 International Trade Financing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing one or more of the 

following: (1) working capital funds to U.S. exporters; (2) lending funds to foreign buyers of U.S. goods; 

and/or (3) lending funds to domestic buyers of imported goods. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Agreement corporations (i.e., international trade financing) 

Export-Import banks 

Edge Act corporations (i.e., international trade financing) 

Trade banks (i.e., international trade financing) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Guaranteeing international trade loans--are classified in U.S. Industry 524126, Direct Property and 

Casualty Insurance Carriers; 

 Brokering international trade loans--are classified in Industry 522310, Mortgage and Nonmortgage 

Loan Brokers; and 

 Accepting deposits and lending funds from these deposits--are classified in Industry Group 5221, 

Depository Credit Intermediation. 

522294 Secondary Market Financing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in buying, pooling, and repackaging loans 

for sale to others on the secondary market. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) 

Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) 

Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) 

Student Loan Marketing Association (SLMA) 

522298 All Other Nondepository Credit Intermediation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing nondepository credit (except 

credit card issuing, sales financing, consumer lending, real estate credit, international trade financing, and 

secondary market financing). Examples of types of lending in this industry are: short-term inventory credit, 

agricultural lending (except real estate and sales financing) and consumer cash lending secured by personal 

property. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Commodity Credit Corporation 

Morris Plans (i.e., known as), nondepository 

Factoring accounts receivable 

Pawnshops 

Industrial banks (i.e., known as), nondepository 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing credit sales funding are classified in Industry 

522210, Credit Card Issuing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in sales financing or sales financing in combination with leasing 

are classified in Industry 522220, Sales Financing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in making unsecured cash loans to consumers are classified in 

U.S. Industry 522291, Consumer Lending; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in lending funds with real estate as collateral are classified in 

U.S. Industry 522292, Real Estate Credit; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in international trade financing are classified in U.S. Industry 

522293, International Trade Financing; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in buying, pooling, and repackaging loans for sale to others on 

the secondary market are classified in U.S. Industry 522294, Secondary Market Financing; and 

 Establishments known as industrial banks or Morris Plans and are primarily engaged in accepting 

deposits are classified in Industry 522190, Other Depository Credit Intermediation. 

5223 Activities Related to Credit Intermediation CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in facilitating credit intermediation by 

performing activities, such as arranging loans by bringing borrowers and lenders together and clearing 

checks and credit card transactions. 

52231 Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers CAN 

 See industry description for 522310 below. 

522310 Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in arranging loans by bringing borrowers and 

lenders together on a commission or fee basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Lending funds with real estate as collateral--are classified in U.S. Industry 522292, Real Estate 

Credit; and 

 Servicing loans--are classified in Industry 522390, Other Activities Related to Credit 

Intermediation. 

52232 Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities CAN 

 See industry description for 522320 below. 

522320 Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing one or more of the following: (1) 

financial transaction processing (except central bank); (2) reserve and liquidity services (except central 

bank); and/or (3) check or other financial instrument clearinghouse services (except central bank). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automated clearinghouses, bank or check (except central bank) 

Credit card processing services 

Check clearing services (except central bank) 

Electronic funds transfer services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in nonfinancial data and electronic transaction processing are 

classified in Industry Group 5182, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services; and 

 Establishments of the central bank primarily engaged in check clearing and other financial 

transaction processing are classified in Industry 521110, Monetary Authorities-Central Bank. 

52239 Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation CAN 

 See industry description for 522390 below. 

522390 Other Activities Related to Credit Intermediation CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in facilitating credit intermediation (except 

mortgage and loan brokerage; and financial transactions processing, reserve, and clearinghouse activities). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Check cashing services 

Money order issuance services 

Loan servicing 

Travelers' check issuance services 

Money transmission services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Arranging loans for others on a commission or fee basis--are classified in Industry 522310, 

Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers; 

 Providing financial transactions processing, reserve, and clearinghouse activities--are classified in 

Industry 522320, Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities; 

 Foreign currency exchange dealing--are classified in Industry 523130, Commodity Contracts 

Dealing; and 

 Providing escrow services (except real estate)--are classified in U.S. Industry 523991, Trust, 

Fiduciary, and Custody Activities. 

523 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities 

 Industries in the Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related 

Activities subsector group establishments that are primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) 

underwriting securities issues and/or making markets for securities and commodities; (2) acting as agents 

(i.e., brokers) between buyers and sellers of securities and commodities; (3) providing securities and 

commodity exchange services; and (4) providing other services, such as managing portfolios of assets; 

providing investment advice; and trust, fiduciary, and custody services. 

5231 Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in putting capital at risk in the process 

of underwriting securities issues or in making markets for securities and commodities; and those acting as 

agents and/or brokers between buyers and sellers of securities and commodities, usually charging a 

commission. 

52311 Investment Banking and Securities Dealing CAN 

 See industry description for 523110 below. 

523110 Investment Banking and Securities Dealing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in underwriting, originating, and/or 

maintaining markets for issues of securities. Investment bankers act as principals (i.e., investors who buy 

or sell on their own account) in firm commitment transactions or act as agents in best effort and standby 

commitments. This industry also includes establishments acting as principals in buying or selling securities 

generally on a spread basis, such as securities dealers or stock option dealers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bond dealing (i.e., acting as a principal in dealing securities to investors) 

Stock option dealing 

Securities underwriting 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in buying or selling securities 

on a commission or transaction fee basis are classified in Industry 523120, Securities Brokerage; 

and 

 Investment clubs or individual investors primarily engaged in buying or selling financial contracts 

(e.g., securities) on their own account are classified in Industry 523910, Miscellaneous 

Intermediation. 

52312 Securities Brokerage CAN 

 See industry description for 523120 below. 

523120 Securities Brokerage CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents (i.e., brokers) between 

buyers and sellers in buying or selling securities on a commission or transaction fee basis. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Mutual fund agencies (i.e., brokerages) 

Stock brokerages 

Securities brokerages 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in investment banking and securities dealing (i.e., buying or selling 

securities on their own account) are classified in Industry 523110, Investment Banking and Securities 

Dealing. 

52313 Commodity Contracts Dealing CAN 

 See industry description for 523130 below. 

523130 Commodity Contracts Dealing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as principals (i.e., investors who buy 

or sell for their own account) in buying or selling spot or futures commodity contracts or options, such as 

precious metals, foreign currency, oil, or agricultural products, generally on a spread basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in buying or selling spot or future commodity contracts on a 

commission or transaction fee basis--are classified in Industry 523140, Commodity Contracts 

Brokerage; and 

 Buying and selling physical commodities for resale to other than the general public--are classified 

in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade. 

52314 Commodity Contracts Brokerage CAN 

 See industry description for 523140 below. 

523140 Commodity Contracts Brokerage CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in buying or 

selling spot or future commodity contracts or options on a commission or transaction fee basis. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Commodity contracts brokerages 

Financial futures brokerages 

Commodity futures brokerages 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Acting as principals in buying or selling spot or futures commodity contracts generally on a spread 

basis--are classified in Industry 523130, Commodity Contracts Dealing; and 

 Buying and selling physical commodities for resale to other than the general public--are classified 

in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade. 

5232 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 

52321 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 

 See industry description for 523210 below. 

523210 Securities and Commodity Exchanges 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing physical or electronic 

marketplaces for the purpose of facilitating the buying and selling of stocks, stock options, bonds, or 

commodity contracts. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in investment banking, and securities dealing, securities brokering, 

commodity contracts dealing, or commodity contracts brokering are classified in Industry Group 5231, 

Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage. 

5239 Other Financial Investment Activities 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) acting as 

principals in buying or selling financial contracts (except investment bankers, securities dealers, and 

commodity contracts dealers); (2) acting as agents (i.e., brokers) (except securities brokerages and 

commodity contracts brokerages) in buying or selling financial contracts; or (3) providing other investment 

services (except securities and commodity exchanges), such as portfolio management; investment advice; 

and trust, fiduciary, and custody services. 

52391 Miscellaneous Intermediation CAN 

 See industry description for 523910 below. 

523910 Miscellaneous Intermediation CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as principals (except investment 

bankers, securities dealers, and commodity contracts dealers) in buying or selling of financial contracts 

generally on a spread basis. Principals are investors that buy or sell for their own account. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Investment clubs 

Tax liens dealing (i.e., acting as a principal in dealing tax liens to investors) 

Mineral royalties or leases dealing (i.e., acting as a principal in dealing royalties or leases to investors) 

Venture capital companies 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in investment banking, securities dealing, securities brokering, 

commodity contracts dealing, or commodity contracts brokering are classified in Industry Group 5231, 

Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage. 

52392 Portfolio Management CAN 

 See industry description for 523920 below. 

523920 Portfolio Management CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in managing the portfolio assets (i.e., funds) of 

others on a fee or commission basis. Establishments in this industry have the authority to make investment 

decisions, and they derive fees based on the size and/or overall performance of the portfolio. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Managing trusts 

Pension fund managing 

Mutual fund managing 

Portfolio fund managing 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in investment banking, securities dealing, securities brokering, 

commodity contracts dealing, or commodity contracts brokering are classified in Industry Group 5231, 

Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage. 

52393 Investment Advice CAN 

 See industry description for 523930 below. 

523930 Investment Advice CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing customized investment advice to 

clients on a fee basis, but do not have the authority to execute trades. Primary activities performed by 

establishments in this industry are providing financial planning advice and investment counseling to meet 

the goals and needs of specific clients. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Financial investment advice services, customized, fees paid by client 

Investment advisory services, customized, fees paid by client 

Financial planning services, customized, fees paid by client 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments providing investment advice in conjunction with their primary activity, such as 

portfolio management, or the sale of stocks, bonds, annuities, and real estate, are classified 

according to their primary activity; and 

 Establishments known as publishers providing generalized investment information to subscribers 

are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet) or Industry 519130, 

Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals. 

52399 All Other Financial Investment Activities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents or brokers (except 

securities brokerages and commodity contracts brokerages) in buying and selling financial contracts 
providing financial investment activities (except securities and commodity exchanges, portfolio 

management, and investment advice). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bank trust offices 

Fiduciary agencies (except real estate) 

Escrow agencies (except real estate) 

Stock quotation services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Investment banking, securities dealing, securities brokerage, commodity contracts dealing, or 

commodity contracts brokering--are classified in Industry Group 5231, Securities and Commodity 

Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage; 

 Acting as principals (except investment bankers, securities dealers, and commodity contracts 

dealers) in buying or selling financial contracts (except securities or commodity contracts)--are 

classified in Industry 52391, Miscellaneous Intermediation; 

 Furnishing physical or electronic marketplaces for the purpose of facilitating the buying and 

selling of securities and commodities--are classified in Industry 52321, Securities and Commodity 

Exchanges; 

 Managing the portfolio assets (i.e., funds) of others--are classified in Industry 52392, Portfolio 

Management; 

 Providing customized investment advice--are classified in Industry 52393, Investment Advice; 

 Awarding grants from trust funds--are classified in Industry 81321, Grantmaking and Giving 

Services; 

 Performing real estate escrow or real estate fiduciary activities--are classified in Industry 53139, 

Other Activities Related to Real Estate; and 

 Financial transactions processing, reserve, and clearinghouse activities--are classified in Industry 

52232, Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities. 

523991 Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Activities US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing trust, fiduciary, and custody 

services to others, as instructed, on a fee or contract basis, such as bank trust offices and escrow agencies 

(except real estate). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Managing the portfolio assets (i.e., funds) of others--are classified in Industry 523920, Portfolio 

Management; 

 Performing real estate escrow or real estate fiduciary activities--are classified in Industry 531390, 

Other Activities Related to Real Estate; and 

 Awarding grants from trust funds--are classified in Industry 81321, Grantmaking and Giving 

Services. 

523999 Miscellaneous Financial Investment Activities US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents and/or brokers (except 

securities brokerages and commodity contracts brokerages) in buying or selling financial contracts and 

those providing financial investment services (except securities and commodity exchanges; portfolio 

management; investment advice; and trust, fiduciary, and custody services) on a fee or commission basis. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Exchange clearinghouses, commodities or securities 

Stock quotation services 

Gas lease brokers' offices 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Investment banking, securities dealing, securities brokering, commodity contracts dealing, or 

commodity contracts brokering--are classified in Industry Group 5231, Securities and Commodity 

Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage; 

 Acting as principals (except investment bankers, securities dealers, and commodity contracts 

dealers) in buying or selling financial contracts--are classified in Industry 523910, Miscellaneous 

Intermediation; 

 Furnishing physical or electronic marketplaces for the purpose of facilitating the buying and 

selling of securities and commodities--are classified in Industry 523210, Securities and 

Commodity Exchanges; 

 Managing the portfolio assets (i.e., funds) of others--are classified in Industry 523920, Portfolio 

Management; 

 Providing customized investment advice--are classified in Industry 523930, Investment Advice; 

 Providing trust, fiduciary, and custody services to others--are classified in U.S. Industry 523991, 

Trust, Fiduciary, and Custody Activities; and 

 Financial transactions processing, reserve, and clearinghouse activities--are classified in Industry 

522320, Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities. 

524 Insurance Carriers and Related Activities 

 Industries in the Insurance Carriers and Related Activities subsector group establishments that are 

primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) underwriting (assuming the risk, assigning premiums, and 

so forth) annuities and insurance policies or (2) facilitating such underwriting by selling insurance policies, 

and by providing other insurance and employee-benefit related services. 

5241 Insurance Carriers 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in underwriting (assuming the risk, 

assigning premiums, and so forth) annuities and insurance policies and investing premiums to build up a 

portfolio of financial assets to be used against future claims. Direct insurance carriers are establishments 

that are primarily engaged in initially underwriting and assuming the risk of annuities and insurance 

policies. Reinsurance carriers are establishments that are primarily engaged in assuming all or part of the 

risk associated with an existing insurance policy (or set of policies) originally underwritten by another 

insurance carrier. 

 Industries are defined in terms of the type of risk being insured against, such as death, loss of 

employment because of age or disability, and/or property damage. Contributions and premiums are set on 

the basis of actuarial calculations of probable payouts based on risk factors from experience tables and 

expected investment returns on reserves. 

52411 Direct Life, Health, and Medical Insurance Carriers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (i.e., assuming the risk 

and assigning premiums) annuities and life insurance policies, disability income insurance policies, 

accidental death and dismemberment insurance policies, and health and medical insurance policies. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in reinsuring life insurance policies are classified in Industry 

52413, Reinsurance Carriers; 
 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide insurance and employee 

benefits exclusively for the sponsor, firm, or its employees or members are classified in Industry 

Group 5251, Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds; and 

 HMO establishments providing health care services are classified in Industry 62149, Other 

Outpatient Care Centers. 

524113 Direct Life Insurance Carriers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (i.e., assuming 

the risk and assigning premiums) annuities and life insurance policies, disability income insurance policies, 

and accidental death and dismemberment insurance policies. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in reinsuring life insurance policies, disability income insurance 

policies, and accidental death and dismemberment insurance policies are classified in Industry 

524130, Reinsurance Carriers; and 

 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide insurance and employee 

benefits exclusively for the sponsor, firm, or its employees or members are classified in Industry 

Group 5251, Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds. 

524114 Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (i.e., assuming 

the risk and assigning premiums) health and medical insurance policies. Group hospitalization plans and 

HMO establishments (except those providing health care services) that provide health and medical 

insurance policies without providing health care services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 HMO establishments that provide both health care services and underwrite health and medical 

insurance are classified in U.S. Industry 621491, HMO Medical Centers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in reinsuring health insurance policies are classified in Industry 

524130, Reinsurance Carriers; and 

 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide health- and welfare-related 

employee benefits exclusively for the sponsor's employees or members are classified in Industry 

525120, Health and Welfare Funds. 

52412 Direct Insurance (except Life, Health, and Medical) Carriers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (i.e., assuming the risk 

and assigning premiums) various types of insurance policies (except life, disability income, accidental 

death and dismemberment, and health and medical insurance policies). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automobile insurance carriers, direct 

Property and casualty insurance carriers, direct 

Bank deposit insurance carriers, direct 

Title insurance carriers, real estate, direct 

Mortgage guaranty insurance carriers, direct 

Warranty insurance carriers (e.g., appliance, automobile, homeowners, product), direct 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in reinsuring insurance policies are classified in Industry 

524130, Reinsurance Carriers; 

 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide insurance and employee 

benefits exclusively for the sponsor, firm, or its employees or members are classified in Industry 

Group 5251, Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting annuities and life insurance policies, 

disability income insurance policies, accidental death and dismemberment insurance policies, and 

health and medical insurance policies are classified in Industry 52411, Direct Life, Health, and 

Medical Insurance Carriers. 

524126 Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (i.e., assuming 

the risk and assigning premiums) insurance policies that protect policyholders against losses that may occur 

as a result of property damage or liability. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automobile insurance carriers, direct 

Malpractice insurance carriers, direct 

Fidelity insurance carriers, direct 

Mortgage guaranty insurance carriers, direct 

Homeowners insurance carriers, direct 

Surety insurance carriers, direct 

Liability insurance carriers, direct 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in reinsuring property and casualty insurance policies are classified in 

Industry 524130, Reinsurance Carriers. 

524127 Direct Title Insurance Carriers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (i.e., assuming 

the risk and assigning premiums) insurance policies to protect the owners of real estate or real estate 

creditors against loss sustained by reason of any title defect to real property. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in reinsuring title insurance policies are classified in Industry 524130, 

Reinsurance Carriers. 

524128 Other Direct Insurance (except Life, Health, and Medical) Carriers US

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting (e.g., assuming 

the risk, assigning premiums) insurance policies (except life, disability income, accidental death and 

dismemberment, health and medical, property and casualty, and title insurance policies). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bank deposit insurance carriers, direct 

Product warranty insurance carriers, direct 

Deposit or share insurance carriers, direct 

Warranty insurance carriers (e.g., appliance, automobile, homeowners, product), direct 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Reinsuring insurance policies--are classified in Industry 524130, Reinsurance Carriers; 

 Initially underwriting annuities and life insurance policies, disability income insurance policies, 

and accidental death and dismemberment insurance policies--are classified in U.S. Industry 

524113, Direct Life Insurance Carriers; 

 Initially underwriting health and medical insurance policies--are classified in U.S. Industry 

524114, Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers; 

 Initially underwriting property and casualty insurance policies--are classified in U.S. Industry 

524126, Direct Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers; and 

 Initially underwriting title insurance policies--are classified in U.S. Industry 524127, Direct Title 

Insurance Carriers. 

52413 Reinsurance Carriers CAN 

 See industry description for 524130 below. 

524130 Reinsurance Carriers US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in assuming all or part of the risk associated 

with existing insurance policies originally underwritten by other insurance carriers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Initially underwriting annuities and life insurance policies, disability income insurance policies, 

accidental death and dismemberment insurance policies, and health and medical insurance 

policies--are classified in Industry 52411, Direct Life, Health, and Medical Insurance Carriers; and 

 Initially underwriting various types of insurance policies (except life, disability income, accidental 

death and dismemberment, and health and medical insurance policies)--are classified in Industry 

52412, Direct Insurance (except Life, Health, and Medical) Carriers. 

5242 Agencies, Brokerages, and Other Insurance Related Activities 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in 

selling annuities and insurance policies or (2) providing other employee benefits and insurance related 

services, such as claims adjustment and third party administration. 

52421 Insurance Agencies and Brokerages CAN 

 See industry description for 524210 below. 

524210 Insurance Agencies and Brokerages CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in selling 

annuities and insurance policies. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in underwriting annuities and insurance policies are classified in 

Industry Group 5241, Insurance Carriers. 

52429 Other Insurance Related Activities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services related to insurance 

(except insurance agencies and brokerages). 

Illustrative Examples: 
Claims adjusting 

Insurance plan administrative services 

Insurance adjusting 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Managing the portfolio assets (i.e., funds) of others--are classified in Industry 52392, Portfolio 

Management; 

 Acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in selling annuities and insurance policies--are classified in 

Industry 52421, Insurance Agencies and Brokerages; and 

 Providing actuarial consulting services--are classified in Industry 54161, Management Consulting 

Services. 

524291 Claims Adjusting CAN

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in investigating, appraising, and settling 

insurance claims. 

524292 Third Party Administration of Insurance and Pension Funds US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing third party administration 

services of insurance and pension funds, such as claims processing and other administrative services to 

insurance carriers, employee-benefit plans, and self-insurance funds. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Managing the portfolio assets (i.e., funds) of others--are classified in Industry 523920, Portfolio 

Management; and 

 Providing actuarial consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541612, Human Resources 

Consulting Services. 

524298 All Other Insurance Related Activities US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing insurance services on a 

contract or fee basis (except insurance agencies and brokerages, claims adjusting, and third party 

administration). Insurance advisory services and insurance ratemaking services are included in this 

industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing actuarial consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541612, Human Resources 

Consulting Services; 

 Acting as agents (i.e., brokers) in selling annuities and insurance policies--are classified in 

Industry 524210, Insurance Agencies and Brokerages; 

 Insurance claims adjusting--are classified in U.S. Industry 524291, Claims Adjusting; and 

 Third party administration services of insurance and pension funds--are classified in U.S. Industry 

524292, Third Party Administration of Insurance and Pension Funds. 

525 Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles US 

 Industries in the Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles subsector are comprised of legal entities 

(i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to pool securities or other assets on behalf of shareholders or 

beneficiaries of employee benefit or other trust funds. The portfolios are customized to achieve specific 

investment characteristics, such as diversification, risk, rate of return, and price volatility. These entities 

earn interest, dividends, and other investment income, but have little or no employment and no revenue 
from the sale of services. Establishments with employees devoted to the management of funds are 

classified in Industry Group 5239, Other Financial Investment Activities. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in holding the securities of (or other equity interests in) other firms are 

classified in Sector 55, Management of Companies and Enterprises. Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts 

(REITs) that are primarily engaged in leasing buildings, dwellings, or other real estate property to others 

are classified in Subsector 531, Real Estate. 

5251 Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds US 

 This industry group comprises legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide 

insurance and employee benefits exclusively for the sponsor, firm, or its employees or members. 

52511 Pension Funds US 

 See industry description for 525110 below. 

525110 Pension Funds US

 This industry comprises legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide retirement 

income benefits exclusively for the sponsor's employees or members. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Employee benefit plans 

Retirement plans 

Pension funds and plans 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Managing portfolios of pension funds--are classified in Industry 523920, Portfolio Management; 

and 

 Initially underwriting annuities--are classified in U.S. Industry 524113, Direct Life Insurance 

Carriers. 

52512 Health and Welfare Funds US 

 See industry description for 525120 below. 

525120 Health and Welfare Funds US 

 This industry comprises legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide medical, 

surgical, hospital, vacation, training, and other health- and welfare-related employee benefits exclusively 

for the sponsor's employees or members. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Managing portfolios of health and welfare funds--are classified in Industry 523920, Portfolio 

Management; and 

 Third party claims administration of health and welfare plans--are classified in U.S. Industry 

524292, Third Party Administration of Insurance and Pension Funds. 

52519 Other Insurance Funds US 

 See industry description for 525190 below. 

525190 Other Insurance Funds US 

 This industry comprises legal entities (i.e., funds (except pension, and health- and welfare-related 

employee benefit funds)) organized to provide insurance exclusively for the sponsor, firm, or its employees 
or members. Self-insurance funds (except employee benefit funds) and workers' compensation insurance 

funds are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide retirement income benefits 

exclusively for the sponsor's employees or members are classified in Industry 525110, Pension 

Funds; 

 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and/or programs) organized to provide health- and welfare-related 

employee benefits exclusively for the sponsor's employees or members are classified in Industry 

525120, Health and Welfare Funds; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in managing portfolios of insurance funds are classified in 

Industry 523920, Portfolio Management; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in third party claims administration of insurance, and other 

employee benefit funds are classified in U.S. Industry 524292, Third Party Administration of 

Insurance and Pension Funds; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing insurance on a fee or contract basis are classified in 

Industry Group 5241, Insurance Carriers. 

5259 Other Investment Pools and Funds US 

 This industry group comprises legal entities (i.e., investment pools and/or funds) organized to pool 

securities or other assets (except insurance and employee-benefit funds) on behalf of shareholders, 

unitholders, or beneficiaries. 

52591 Open-End Investment Funds US 

 See industry description for 525910 below. 

525910 Open-End Investment Funds US 

 This industry comprises legal entities (i.e., open-end investment funds) organized to pool assets that 

consist of securities or other financial instruments. Shares in these pools are offered to the public in an 

initial offering with additional shares offered continuously and perpetually and redeemed at a specific price 

determined by the net asset value. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Investment funds, open-ended 

Money market mutual funds, open-ended 

52592 Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts US

 See industry description for 525920 below. 

525920 Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts US 

 This industry comprises legal entities, trusts, estates, or agency accounts, administered on behalf of the 

beneficiaries under the terms of a trust agreement, will, or agency agreement. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bankruptcy estates 

Private estates (i.e., administering on behalf of beneficiaries) 

Personal investment trusts 

Testamentary trusts 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Managing portfolios of trusts--are classified in Industry 523920, Portfolio Management; 

 Administering personal estates--are classified in U.S. Industry 523991, Trust, Fiduciary, and 

Custody Activities; and 

 Operating businesses of trusts and bankruptcy estates--are classified according to the kind of 

business operated. 

52599 Other Financial Vehicles US 

 See industry description for 525990 below. 

525990 Other Financial Vehicles US 

 This industry comprises legal entities (i.e., funds (except insurance and employee benefit funds; open-end 

investment funds; trusts, estates, and agency accounts)). Included in this industry are mortgage Real Estate 

Investment Trusts (REITs). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Closed-end investment funds 

Special purpose vehicles 

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs) 

Unit investment trust funds 

Face-amount certificate funds 

Mortgage real estate investment trusts (REITs) 

Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (REMICs) 

Cross-References. 

 Legal entities (i.e., funds, plans, and programs) that provide insurance and employee benefits 

exclusively for the sponsor, firm, or its employees or members are classified in Industry Group 

5251, Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds; 

 Legal entities (i.e., open-end investment funds) organized to pool assets that consist of securities 

or other financial instruments, where the pools are offered to the public in an initial offering with 

additional shares offered continuously and perpetually at a specific price determined by the net 

asset value, are classified in Industry 525910, Open-End Investment Funds; 

 Legal entities (i.e., trusts, estates, or agency accounts) administered on behalf of the beneficiaries 

under the terms of a trust agreement, will, or agency agreement are classified in Industry 525920, 

Trusts, Estates, and Agency Accounts; and 

 Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) that are primarily engaged in leasing buildings, 

dwellings, or other real estate property to others are classified in Industry Group 5311, Lessors of 

Real Estate based on primary type of real estate property leased. 
Sector 53--Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Real Estate and Rental and Leasing sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting, 

leasing, or otherwise allowing the use of tangible or intangible assets, and establishments providing related 

services. The major portion of this sector comprises establishments that rent, lease, or otherwise allow the 

use of their own assets by others. The assets may be tangible, as is the case of real estate and equipment, or 

intangible, as is the case with patents and trademarks. 

 This sector also includes establishments primarily engaged in managing real estate for others, selling, 

renting and/or buying real estate for others, and appraising real estate. These activities are closely related 

to this sector's main activity, and it was felt that from a production basis they would best be included here. 

In addition, a substantial proportion of property management is self-performed by lessors. 

 The main components of this sector are the real estate lessors industries (including equity real estate 

investment trusts (REITs)); equipment lessors industries (including motor vehicles, computers, and 

consumer goods); and lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works). 

 Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing equipment with 

operators. Establishments renting or leasing equipment with operators are classified in various subsectors 

of NAICS depending on the nature of the services provided (e.g., transportation, construction, agriculture). 

These activities are excluded from this sector because the client is paying for the expertise and knowledge 

of the equipment operator, in addition to the rental of the equipment. In many cases, such as the rental of 

heavy construction equipment, the operator is essential to operate the equipment. 

531 Real Estate 

 Industries in the Real Estate subsector group establishments that are primarily engaged in renting or 

leasing real estate to others; managing real estate for others; selling, buying, or renting real estate for 

others; and providing other real estate related services, such as appraisal services. 

 This subsector includes equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) that are primarily engaged in 

leasing buildings, dwellings, or other real estate property to others. Mortgage REITs are classified in 

Subsector 525, Funds, Trusts, and Other Financial Vehicles. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in subdividing and developing unimproved real estate and constructing 

buildings for sale are classified in Subsector 236, Construction of Buildings. Establishments primarily 

engaged in subdividing and improving raw land for subsequent sale to builders are classified in Subsector 

237, Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction. 

5311 Lessors of Real Estate 

53111 Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings CAN 

 See industry description for 531110 below. 

531110 Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as lessors of buildings used as 

residences or dwellings, such as single-family homes, apartment buildings, and town homes. Included in 

this industry are owner-lessors and establishments renting real estate and then acting as lessors in 

subleasing it to others. The establishments in this industry may manage the property themselves or have 

another establishment manage it for them. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in managing residential real estate for others are classified in U.S. 

Industry 531311, Residential Property Managers. 

53112 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses) CAN 
 See industry description for 531120 below. 

531120 Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses) CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as lessors of buildings (except 

miniwarehouses and self-storage units) that are not used as residences or dwellings. Included in this 

industry are: (1) owner-lessors of nonresidential buildings; (2) establishments renting real estate and then 

acting as lessors in subleasing it to others; and (3) establishments providing full service office space, 

whether on a lease or service contract basis. The establishments in this industry may manage the property 

themselves or have another establishment manage it for them. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Acting as lessors of buildings used as residences or dwellings--are classified in Industry 531110, 

Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings; 

 Renting or leasing space for self-storage--are classified in Industry 531130, Lessors of 

Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units; 

 Managing nonresidential real estate for others--are classified in U.S. Industry 531312, 

Nonresidential Property Managers; 

 Providing a range of office support services, such as mailbox rental, other postal and mailing 

(except direct mail advertising) services, document copying services, facsimile services, word 

processing services or on-site personal computer rental, that are not providing office space--are 

classified in Industry 56143, Business Service Centers; 

 Managing and operating arenas, stadiums, theaters, or other related facilities and promoting and 

organizing performing arts productions, sports events, and similar events at those facilities--are 

classified in Industry 711310, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events with 

Facilities; and 

 Operating public and contract general merchandise warehousing and storage facilities--are 

classified in Industry 493110, General Warehousing and Storage. 

53113 Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units CAN 

 See industry description for 531130 below. 

531130 Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing space for self-storage. 

These establishments provide secure space (i.e., rooms, compartments, lockers, containers, or outdoor 

space) where clients can store and retrieve their goods. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating public and contract general merchandise warehousing and storage facilities--are 

classified in Industry 493110, General Warehousing and Storage; and 

 Operating coin-operated lockers--are classified in Industry 812990, All Other Personal Services. 

53119 Lessors of Other Real Estate Property CAN 

 See industry description for 531190 below. 

531190 Lessors of Other Real Estate Property CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as lessors of real estate (except 

buildings), such as manufactured home (i.e., mobile home) sites, vacant lots, and grazing land. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Acting as lessors of buildings used as residences or dwellings including manufactured (mobile) 

homes on-site--are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings; 

 Acting as lessors of buildings (except miniwarehouses and self-storage units) that are not used as 

residences or dwellings--are classified in Industry 531120, Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings 

(except Miniwarehouses); and 

 Renting or leasing space for self-storage--are classified in Industry 531130, Lessors of 

Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units. 

5312 Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers 

53121 Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers 

 See industry description for 531210 below. 

531210 Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents and/or brokers in one or 

more of the following: (1) selling real estate for others; (2) buying real estate for others; and (3) renting 

real estate for others. 

5313 Activities Related to Real Estate 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing real estate services (except 

lessors of real estate and offices of real estate agents and brokers). Included in this industry group are 

establishments primarily engaged in activities, such as managing real estate for others and appraising real 

estate. 

53131 Real Estate Property Managers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in managing real property for others. 

Management includes ensuring that various activities associated with the overall operation of the property 

are performed, such as collecting rents, and overseeing other services (e.g., maintenance, security, trash 

removal.) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in acting as lessors of real estate are classified in Industry 

Group 5311, Lessors of Real Estate; and 

 Establishments formed on behalf of individual condominium owners or homeowners are classified 

in Industry 81399, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and 

Political Organizations). 

531311 Residential Property Managers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in managing residential real estate for 

others. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in managing nonresidential real estate for others are classified 

in U.S. Industry 531312, Nonresidential Property Managers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in acting as lessors of buildings used as residences or dwellings 

are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings; and 

 Establishments formed on behalf of individual residential condominium owners or homeowners 

are classified in Industry 81399, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, 

Labor, and Political Organizations). 
531312 Nonresidential Property Managers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in managing nonresidential real estate for 

others. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in managing residential real estate for others are classified in 

U.S. Industry 531311, Residential Property Managers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in acting as lessors of buildings (except miniwarehouses and 

self storage units) that are not used as residences or dwellings are classified in Industry 531120, 

Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses); 

 Establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing space for self-storage are classified in 

Industry 531130, Lessors of Miniwarehouses and Self-Storage Units; and 

 Establishments formed on behalf of individual nonresidential condominium owners are classified 

in Industry 81399, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and 

Political Organizations). 

53132 Offices of Real Estate Appraisers CAN 

 See industry description for 531320 below. 

531320 Offices of Real Estate Appraisers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in estimating the fair market value of real 

estate. 

53139 Other Activities Related to Real Estate CAN 

 See industry description for 531390 below. 

531390 Other Activities Related to Real Estate CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing real estate related services 

(except lessors of real estate, offices of real estate agents and brokers, real estate property managers, and 

offices of real estate appraisers). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Real estate escrow agencies 

Real estate listing services 

Real estate fiduciaries' offices 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Acting as lessors of real estate--are classified in Industry Group 5311, Lessors of Real Estate; 

 Selling, buying, and/or renting real estate for others--are classified in Industry 531210, Offices of 

Real Estate Agents and Brokers; 

 Managing real estate for others--are classified in Industry 53131, Real Estate Property Managers; 

 Estimating fair market value of real estate--are classified in Industry 531320, Offices of Real 

Estate Appraisers; and 

 Researching public land records for ownership of titles and/or conveying real estate titles--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 541191, Title Abstract and Settlement Offices. 

532 Rental and Leasing Services 
 Industries in the Rental and Leasing Services subsector include establishments that provide a wide array 

of tangible goods, such as automobiles, computers, consumer goods, and industrial machinery and 

equipment, to customers in return for a periodic rental or lease payment. 

 The subsector includes two main types of establishments: (1) those that are engaged in renting consumer 

goods and equipment and (2) those that are engaged in leasing machinery and equipment often used for 

business operations. The first type typically operates from a retail-like or store-front facility and maintains 

inventories of goods that are rented for short periods of time. The latter type typically does not operate 

from retail-like locations or maintain inventories, and offers longer term leases. These establishments work 

directly with clients to enable them to acquire the use of equipment on a lease basis, or they work with 

equipment vendors or dealers to support the marketing of equipment to their customers under lease 

arrangements. Equipment lessors generally structure lease contracts to meet the specialized needs of their 

clients and use their remarketing expertise to find other users for previously leased equipment. 

Establishments that provide operating and capital (i.e., finance) leases are included in this subsector. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in leasing in combination with providing loans are classified in Sector 

52, Finance and Insurance. Establishments primarily engaged in leasing real property are classified in 

Subsector 531, Real Estate. Those establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing equipment with 

operators are classified in various subsectors of NAICS depending on the nature of the services provided 

(e.g., Transportation, Construction, Agriculture). These activities are excluded from this subsector since 

the client is paying for the expertise and knowledge of the equipment operator, in addition to the rental of 

the equipment. In many cases, such as the rental of heavy construction equipment, the operator is essential 

to operate the equipment. Likewise, since the provision of crop harvesting services includes both the 

equipment and operator, it is included in the agriculture subsector. The rental or leasing of copyrighted 

works is classified in Sector 51, Information, and the rental or leasing of assets, such as patents, 

trademarks, and/or licensing agreements is classified in Subsector 533, Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible 

Assets (except Copyrighted Works). 

5321 Automotive Equipment Rental and Leasing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing the following types 

of vehicles: passenger cars and trucks without drivers, and utility trailers. These establishments generally 

operate from a retail-like facility. Some establishments offer only short-term rental, others only longerterm leases, and some provide both types of services. 

53211 Passenger Car Rental and Leasing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing passenger cars without 

drivers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing passenger cars with drivers (e.g., limousines, hearses, taxis)--are classified in 

Industry Group 4853, Taxi and Limousine Service; 

 Retailing passenger cars through sales or lease arrangements--are classified in Industry Group 

4411, Automobile Dealers; and 

 Leasing passenger cars in combination with providing loans to buyers of such vehicles--are 

classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

532111 Passenger Car Rental CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting passenger cars without drivers, 

generally for short periods of time. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Leasing passenger cars without drivers, generally for long periods of time--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 532112, Passenger Car Leasing; and 
 Renting or leasing passenger cars with drivers (e.g., limousines, hearses, taxis)--are classified in 

Industry Group 4853, Taxi and Limousine Service. 

532112 Passenger Car Leasing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in leasing passenger cars without drivers, 

generally for long periods of time. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting passenger cars without drivers, generally for short periods of time--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 532111, Passenger Car Rental; 

 Renting or leasing passenger cars with drivers (e.g., limousines, hearses, taxis)--are classified in 

Industry Group 4853, Taxi and Limousine Service; 

 Retailing passenger cars through sales or lease arrangements--are classified in Industry Group 

4411, Automobile Dealers; and 

 Leasing passenger cars in combination with providing loans to buyers of such vehicles--are 

classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

53212 Truck, Utility Trailer, and RV (Recreational Vehicle) Rental and Leasing 

 See industry description for 532120 below. 

532120 Truck, Utility Trailer, and RV (Recreational Vehicle) Rental and Leasing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing, without drivers, one or 

more of the following: trucks, truck tractors, buses, semitrailers, utility trailers, or RVs (recreational 

vehicles). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting recreational goods, such as pleasure boats, canoes, motorcycles, mopeds, or bicycles--are 

classified in Industry 53229, Other Consumer Goods Rental; 

 Renting or leasing farm tractors, industrial equipment, and industrial trucks, such as forklifts and 

other materials handling equipment--are classified in Industry 532490, Other Commercial and 

Industrial Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Renting or leasing mobile home sites--are classified in Industry 53119, Lessors of Other Real 

Estate Property; 

 Retailing vehicles commonly referred to as RVs through sales or lease arrangements--are 

classified in Industry 44121, Recreational Vehicle Dealers; and 

 Leasing trucks, utility trailers, and RVs in combination with providing loans to buyers of such 

vehicles--are classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

5322 Consumer Goods Rental 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting personal and household-type 

goods. Establishments classified in this industry group generally provide short-term rental although in 

some instances, the goods may be leased for longer periods of time. These establishments often operate 

from a retail-like or store-front facility. 

53221 Consumer Electronics and Appliances Rental 

 See industry description for 532210 below. 

 

532210 Consumer Electronics and Appliances Rental 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting consumer electronics equipment and 

appliances, such as televisions, stereos, and refrigerators. Included in this industry are appliance rental 

centers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing computers--are classified in Industry 532420, Office Machinery and Equipment 

Rental and Leasing; and 

 Renting a range of consumer, commercial, and industrial equipment, such as lawn and garden 

equipment, home repair tools, and party and banquet equipment--are classified in Industry 532310, 

General Rental Centers. 

53222 Formal Wear and Costume Rental 

 See industry description for 532220 below. 

 

532220 Formal Wear and Costume Rental

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting clothing, such as formal wear, 

costumes (e.g., theatrical), or other clothing (except laundered uniforms and work apparel). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in laundering and supplying uniforms and other work apparel are 

classified in Industry 81233, Linen and Uniform Supply. 

53223 Video Tape and Disc Rental 

 See industry description for 532230 below. 

532230 Video Tape and Disc Rental 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting prerecorded video tapes and discs 

for home electronic equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Theatrical distribution of motion pictures and videos--are classified in Subsector 512, Motion 

Picture and Sound Recording Industries; 

 Renting video recorders and players--are classified in Industry 532210, Consumer Electronics and 

Appliances Rental; and 

 Retailing prerecorded video tapes and discs--are classified in Industry 451220, Prerecorded Tape, 

Compact Disc, and Record Stores. 

53229 Other Consumer Goods Rental 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting consumer goods (except consumer 

electronics and appliances, formal wear and costumes, and prerecorded video tapes). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Furniture rental centers 

Sporting goods rental 

Party rental supply centers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Renting consumer electronics and appliances--are classified in Industry 53221, Consumer 

Electronics and Appliances Rental; 

 Renting formal wear and costumes--are classified in Industry 53222, Formal Wear and Costume 

Rental; 

 Renting prerecorded video tapes and discs--are classified in Industry 53223, Video Tape and Disc 

Rental; 

 Renting a general line of products, such as lawn and garden equipment, home repair tools, and 

party and banquet equipment--are classified in Industry 53231, General Rental Centers; 

 Renting medical equipment (except home health equipment), such as electromedical and 

electrotherapeutic apparatus--are classified in Industry 53249, Other Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Providing home health care services and home health equipment--are classified in Industry 62161, 

Home Health Care Services; and 

 Retailing and renting musical instruments--are classified in Industry 45114, Musical Instrument 

and Supplies Stores. 

532291 Home Health Equipment Rental US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting home-type health and invalid 

equipment, such as wheel chairs, hospital beds, oxygen tanks, walkers, and crutches. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting medical equipment (except home health equipment), such as electromedical and 

electrotherapeutic apparatus--are classified in Industry 532490, Other Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; and 

 Providing home health care services and home health equipment--are classified in Industry 62161, 

Home Health Care Services. 

532292 Recreational Goods Rental US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting recreational goods, such as 

bicycles, canoes, motorcycles, skis, sailboats, beach chairs, and beach umbrellas. 

532299 All Other Consumer Goods Rental US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting consumer goods and products 

(except consumer electronics and appliances; formal wear and costumes; prerecorded video tapes and discs 

for home electronic equipment; home health furniture and equipment; and recreational goods). Included in 

this industry are furniture rental centers and party rental supply centers. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting consumer electronics and appliances--are classified in Industry 532210, Consumer 

Electronics and Appliances Rental; 

 Renting formal wear and costumes--are classified in Industry 532220, Formal Wear and Costume 

Rental; 

 Renting video tapes and discs--are classified in Industry 532230, Video Tape and Disc Rental; 

 Renting home health furniture and equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 532291, Home 

Health Equipment Rental; 

 Renting recreational goods--are classified in U.S. Industry 532292, Recreational Goods Rental; 

 Retailing and renting musical instruments--are classified in Industry 451140, Musical Instrument 

and Supplies Stores; and 
 Renting a range of consumer, commercial, and industrial equipment, such as lawn and garden 

equipment, home repair tools, and party and banquet equipment--are classified in Industry 532310, 

General Rental Centers. 

5323 General Rental Centers 

53231 General Rental Centers 

 See industry description for 532310 below. 

532310 General Rental Centers 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting a range of consumer, commercial, 

and industrial equipment. Establishments in this industry typically operate from conveniently located 

facilities where they maintain inventories of goods and equipment that they rent for short periods of time. 

The type of equipment that establishments in this industry provide often includes, but is not limited to: 

audio visual equipment, contractors' and builders' tools and equipment, home repair tools, lawn and garden 

equipment, moving equipment and supplies, and party and banquet equipment and supplies. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting trucks and trailers without drivers--are classified in Industry 532120, Truck, Utility 

Trailer, and RV (Recreational Vehicle) Rental and Leasing; 

 Renting party and banquet equipment--are classified in Industry 53229, Other Consumer Goods 

Rental; 

 Renting heavy construction equipment without operators--are classified in U.S. Industry 532412, 

Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; and 

 Renting specialized types of commercial and industrial equipment, such as garden tractors or 

public address systems--are classified in Industry 532490, Other Commercial and Industrial 

Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing. 

5324 Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing commercial-type 

and industrial-type machinery and equipment. The types of establishments included in this industry group 

are generally involved in providing capital or investment-type equipment that clients use in their business 

operations. These establishments typically cater to a business clientele and do not generally operate a 

retail-like or store-front facility. 

53241 Construction, Transportation, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and 

Leasing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing one or more of the 

following without operators: heavy construction, off-highway transportation, mining, and forestry 

machinery and equipment. Establishments in this industry may rent or lease products, such as aircraft, 

railroad cars, steamships, tugboats, bulldozers, earthmoving equipment, well-drilling machinery and 

equipment, or cranes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing automobiles or trucks without operators--are classified in Industry Group 5321, 

Automotive Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Renting or leasing air, rail, highway, and water transportation equipment with operators--are 

classified in Sector 48-49, Transportation and Warehousing, based on their primary activity; 

 Renting or leasing heavy construction equipment with operators--are classified in Industry Group 

2389, Other Specialty Trade Contractors; 
 Renting or leasing heavy equipment for mining with operators--are classified in Industry 21311, 

Support Activities for Mining; 

 Renting or leasing heavy equipment for forestry with operators--are classified in Industry Group 

1153, Support Activities for Forestry; and 

 Leasing heavy equipment in combination with providing loans to buyers of such equipment--are 

classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

532411 Commercial Air, Rail, and Water Transportation Equipment Rental and Leasing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing off-highway 

transportation equipment without operators, such as aircraft, railroad cars, steamships, or tugboats. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing air, rail, highway, and water transportation equipment with operators--are 

classified in Sector 48-49, Transportation and Warehousing, based on their primary activity; 

 Renting pleasure boats--are classified in U.S. Industry 532292, Recreational Goods Rental; and 

 Renting or leasing automobiles or trucks without drivers--are classified in Industry Group 5321, 

Automotive Equipment Rental and Leasing. 

532412 Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing heavy equipment 

without operators that may be used for construction, mining, or forestry, such as bulldozers, earthmoving 

equipment, well-drilling machinery and equipment, or cranes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing of cranes with operators--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty 

Trade Contractors; 

 Renting or leasing of construction equipment with operators (except cranes)--are classified in 

238910, Site Preparation Contractors; 

 Renting or leasing heavy equipment for mining with operators--are classified in Industry 21311, 

Support Activities for Mining; 

 Renting or leasing heavy equipment for forestry with operators--are classified in Industry Group 

1153, Support Activities for Forestry; and 

 Leasing heavy equipment in combination with providing loans to buyers of such equipment--are 

classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

53242 Office Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing 

 See industry description for 532420 below. 

532420 Office Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing office machinery and 

equipment, such as computers, office furniture, duplicating machines (i.e., copiers), or facsimile machines. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing residential furniture--are classified in Industry 53229, Other Consumer Goods 

Rental; and 

 Leasing office machinery and equipment in combination with providing loans to buyers of such 

equipment--are classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

53249 Other Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing 
 See industry description for 532490 below. 

532490 Other Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing nonconsumer-type 

machinery and equipment (except heavy construction, transportation, mining, and forestry machinery and 

equipment without operators; and office machinery and equipment). Establishments in this industry rent or 

lease products, such as manufacturing equipment; metalworking, telecommunications, motion picture, or 

theatrical machinery and equipment; institutional (i.e., public building) furniture, such as furniture for 

schools, theaters, or buildings; or agricultural equipment without operators. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting or leasing heavy equipment without operators--are classified in Industry 53241, 

Construction, Transportation, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and 

Leasing; 

 Renting or leasing office machinery and equipment--are classified in Industry 532420, Office 

Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; 

 Renting or leasing agricultural machinery and equipment with operators--are classified in 

Subsector 115, Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry; 

 Renting home furniture or medical equipment for home use--are classified in Industry 53229, 

Other Consumer Goods Rental; and 

 Leasing nonconsumer machinery and equipment in combination with providing loans to buyers of 

such equipment--are classified in Sector 52, Finance and Insurance. 

533 Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible Assets (except Copyrighted Works) 

 Industries in the Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible Assets (except Copyrighted Works) subsector include 

establishments that are primarily engaged in assigning rights to assets, such as patents, trademarks, brand 

names, and/or franchise agreements for which a royalty payment or licensing fee is paid to the asset holder. 

Establishments in this subsector own the patents, trademarks, and/or franchise agreements that they allow 

others to use or reproduce for a fee and may or may not have created those assets. 

 Establishments that allow franchisees the use of the franchise name, contingent on the franchisee buying 

products or services from the franchisor, are classified elsewhere. 

 Excluded from this subsector are establishments primarily engaged in leasing real property and 

establishments primarily engaged in leasing tangible assets, such as automobiles, computers, consumer 

goods, and industrial machinery and equipment. These establishments are classified in Subsector 531, Real 

Estate and Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services, respectively. 

5331 Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible Assets (except Copyrighted Works) 

53311 Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible Assets (except Copyrighted Works) 

 See industry description for 533110 below. 

533110 Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible Assets (except Copyrighted Works)

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in assigning rights to assets, such as patents, 

trademarks, brand names, and/or franchise agreements for which a royalty payment or licensing fee is paid 

to the asset holder. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in producing, reproducing, and/or distributing copyrighted 

works are classified in Sector 51, Information; 
 Independent artists, writers, and performers primarily engaged in creating copyrighted works are 

classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in leasing real property are classified in Subsector 531, Real 

Estate; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in leasing tangible assets, such as automobiles, computers, 

consumer goods, and industrial machinery and equipment, are classified in Subsector 532, Rental 

and Leasing Services; and 

 Establishments that allow franchisees the use of the franchise name, contingent on the franchisee 

buying products or services from the franchisor are classified elsewhere. 
Sector 54--Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services sector comprises establishments that specialize in 

performing professional, scientific, and technical activities for others. These activities require a high 

degree of expertise and training. The establishments in this sector specialize according to expertise and 

provide these services to clients in a variety of industries and, in some cases, to households. Activities 

performed include: legal advice and representation; accounting, bookkeeping, and payroll services; 

architectural, engineering, and specialized design services; computer services; consulting services; research 

services; advertising services; photographic services; translation and interpretation services; veterinary 

services; and other professional, scientific, and technical services. 

 This sector excludes establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of day-to-day office 

administrative services, such as financial planning, billing and recordkeeping, personnel, and physical 

distribution and logistics. These establishments are classified in Sector 56, Administrative and Support and 

Waste Management and Remediation Services. 

541 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 

 Industries in the Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services subsector group establishments engaged 

in processes where human capital is the major input. These establishments make available the knowledge 

and skills of their employees, often on an assignment basis, where an individual or team is responsible for 

the delivery of services to the client. The individual industries of this subsector are defined on the basis of 

the particular expertise and training of the services provider. 

 The distinguishing feature of the Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services subsector is the fact that 

most of the industries grouped in it have production processes that are almost wholly dependent on worker 

skills. In most of these industries, equipment and materials are not of major importance, unlike health care, 

for example, where "high tech" machines and materials are important collaborating inputs to labor skills in 

the production of health care. Thus, the establishments classified in this subsector sell expertise. Much of 

the expertise requires degrees, though not in every case. 

5411 Legal Services 

54111 Offices of Lawyers 

 See industry description for 541110 below. 

541110 Offices of Lawyers 

 This industry comprises offices of legal practitioners known as lawyers or attorneys (i.e., counselors-atlaw) primarily engaged in the practice of law. Establishments in this industry may provide expertise in a 

range or in specific areas of law, such as criminal law, corporate law, family and estate law, patent law, real 

estate law, or tax law. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of legal practitioners (except lawyers or attorneys) primarily engaged in providing 

specialized legal or paralegal services are classified in Industry 54119, Other Legal Services. 

54112 Offices of Notaries 

 See industry description for 541120 below. 

 

541120 Offices of Notaries 
 This industry comprises establishments (except offices of lawyers and attorneys) primarily engaged in 

drafting, approving, and executing legal documents, such as real estate transactions, wills, and contracts; 

and in receiving, indexing, and storing such documents. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in 

Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers; and 

 Establishments of notaries public engaged in activities, such as administering oaths and taking 

affidavits and depositions, witnessing and certifying signatures on documents, but not empowered 

to draw and approve legal documents and contracts, are classified in U.S. Industry 541199, All 

Other Legal Services. 

54119 Other Legal Services 

 This industry comprises establishments of legal practitioners (except lawyers and attorneys) primarily 

engaged in providing specialized legal or paralegal services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Notary public services 

Process serving services 

Paralegal services 

Real estate settlement offices 

Patent agent services (i.e., patent filing and searching services) 

Real estate title abstract companies 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in 

Industry 54111, Offices of Lawyers; and 

 Establishments (except offices of lawyers, attorneys, and paralegals) primarily engaged in 

providing arbitration and conciliation services are classified in Industry 54199, All Other 

Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services. 

541191 Title Abstract and Settlement Offices US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of lawyers and attorneys) primarily engaged 

in one or more of the following activities: (1) researching public land records to gather information relating 

to real estate titles; (2) preparing documents necessary for the transfer of the title, financing, and settlement; 

(3) conducting final real estate settlements and closings; and (4) filing legal and other documents relating to 

the sale of real estate. Real estate settlement offices, title abstract companies, and title search companies 

are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in 

Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers. 

541199 All Other Legal Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments of legal practitioners (except offices of lawyers and 

attorneys, settlement offices, and title abstract offices). These establishments are primarily engaged in 

providing specialized legal or paralegal services. 

Illustrative Examples: 
Notary public services 

Patent agent services (i.e., patent filing and searching services) 

Paralegal services 

Process serving services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of lawyers and attorneys primarily engaged in the practice of law are classified in 

Industry 541110, Offices of Lawyers; 

 Establishments (except offices of lawyers and attorneys) primarily engaged in researching public 

land records for ownership or title; preparing documents necessary for the transfer of the title, 

financing, and settlement; conducting final real estate settlements and closings; and/or filing legal 

and other documents relating to the sale of real estate are classified in U.S. Industry 541191, Title 

Abstract and Settlement Offices; and 

 Establishments (except offices of lawyers, attorneys, and paralegals) primarily engaged in 

providing arbitration and conciliation services are classified in Industry 541990, All Other 

Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services. 

5412 Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services 

54121 Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services, such as auditing of 

accounting records, designing accounting systems, preparing financial statements, developing budgets, 

preparing tax returns, processing payrolls, bookkeeping, and billing. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Accountants' offices 

Payroll processing services 

Bookkeeping services 

Tax return preparation services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments providing computer data processing services at their own facility for others are classified 

in Industry 51821, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services. 

541211 Offices of Certified Public Accountants US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments of accountants that are certified to audit the accounting 

records of public and private organizations and to attest to compliance with generally accepted accounting 

practices. Offices of certified public accountants (CPAs) may provide one or more of the following 

accounting services: (1) auditing financial statements; (2) designing accounting systems; (3) preparing 

financial statements; (4) developing budgets; and (5) providing advice on matters related to accounting. 

These establishments may also provide related services, such as bookkeeping, tax return preparation, and 

payroll processing. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing tax return preparation services only--are classified in U.S. Industry 541213, Tax 

Preparation Services; 

 Providing payroll processing services only--are classified in U.S. Industry 541214, Payroll 

Services; and 
 Providing accounting, bookkeeping, and billing services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541219, 

Other Accounting Services. 

541213 Tax Preparation Services CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of CPAs) engaged in providing tax return 

preparation services without also providing accounting, bookkeeping, billing, or payroll processing 

services. Basic knowledge of tax law and filing requirements is required. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of CPAs are classified in U.S. Industry 541211, Offices of Certified Public 

Accountants; 

 Establishments of non-CPAs providing payroll services along with tax return preparation services 

are classified in U.S. Industry 541214, Payroll Services; 

 Establishments of non-CPAs providing accounting, bookkeeping, or billing services along with 

tax return preparation services are classified in U.S. Industry 541219, Other Accounting Services; 

and 

 Establishments providing computer data processing services at their own facility for others are 

classified in Industry 518210, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services. 

541214 Payroll Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of CPAs) engaged in the following without 

also providing accounting, bookkeeping, or billing services: (1) collecting information on hours worked, 

pay rates, deductions, and other payroll-related data from their clients; and (2) using that information to 

generate paychecks, payroll reports, and tax filings. These establishments may use data processing and 

tabulating techniques as part of providing their services. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of CPAs are classified in U.S. Industry 541211, Offices of Certified Public 

Accountants; 

 Establishments of non-CPAs providing tax return preparation services only are classified in U.S. 

Industry 541213, Tax Preparation Services; and 

 Establishments of non-CPAs providing accounting, bookkeeping, or billing services along with 

payroll services are classified in U.S. Industry 541219, Other Accounting Services. 

541219 Other Accounting Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except offices of CPAs) engaged in providing accounting 

services (except tax return preparation services only or payroll services only). These establishments may 

also provide tax return preparation or payroll services. Accountant (except CPA) offices, bookkeeper 

offices, and billing offices are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of CPAs are classified in U.S. Industry 541211, Offices of Certified Public 

Accountants; 

 Establishments of non-CPAs engaged in providing tax return preparation services only are 

classified in U.S. Industry 541213, Tax Preparation Services; and 

 Establishments of non-CPAs engaged in providing payroll services only are classified in U.S. 

Industry 541214, Payroll Services. 

5413 Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services 
54131 Architectural Services 

 See industry description for 541310 below. 

541310 Architectural Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing residential, 

institutional, leisure, commercial, and industrial buildings and structures by applying knowledge of design, 

construction procedures, zoning regulations, building codes, and building materials. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Planning and designing the development of land areas--are classified in Industry 541320, 

Landscape Architectural Services; and 

 Both the design and construction of buildings, highways, or other structures or in managing 

construction projects--are classified in Sector 23, Construction, according to the type of project. 

54132 Landscape Architectural Services 

 See industry description for 541320 below. 

541320 Landscape Architectural Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing the development of 

land areas for projects, such as parks and other recreational areas; airports; highways; hospitals; schools; 

land subdivisions; and commercial, industrial, and residential areas, by applying knowledge of land 

characteristics, location of buildings and structures, use of land areas, and design of landscape projects. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Garden planning services 

Landscape architects' offices 

Golf course or ski area design services 

Landscape consulting services 

Industrial land use planning services 

Landscape design services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing landscape care and maintenance services and/or installing 

trees, shrubs, plants, lawns, or gardens along with the design of landscape plans are classified in Industry 

561730, Landscaping Services. 

54133 Engineering Services 

 See industry description for 541330 below. 

541330 Engineering Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in applying physical laws and principles of 

engineering in the design, development, and utilization of machines, materials, instruments, structures, 

processes, and systems. The assignments undertaken by these establishments may involve any of the 

following activities: provision of advice, preparation of feasibility studies, preparation of preliminary and 

final plans and designs, provision of technical services during the construction or installation phase, 

inspection and evaluation of engineering projects, and related services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Civil engineering services 
Environmental engineering services 

Construction engineering services 

Mechanical engineering services 

Engineers' offices 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Planning and designing computer systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and 

communication technologies--are classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems Design 

Services; 

 Performing surveying and mapping services of the surface of the earth, including the sea floor--are 

classified in Industry 541370, Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services; 

 Gathering, interpreting, and mapping geophysical data--are classified in Industry 541360, 

Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Creating and developing designs and specifications that optimize the use, value, and appearance of 

products--are classified in Industry 541420, Industrial Design Services; 

 Providing advice and assistance to others on environmental issues, such as the control of 

environmental contamination from pollutants, toxic substances, and hazardous materials--are 

classified in Industry 541620, Environmental Consulting Services; and 

 Both the design and construction of buildings, highways, and other structures or in managing 

construction projects--are classified in Sector 23, Construction, according to the type of project. 

54134 Drafting Services 

 See industry description for 541340 below. 

541340 Drafting Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing detailed layouts, plans, and 

illustrations of buildings, structures, systems, or components from engineering and architectural 

specifications. 

54135 Building Inspection Services 

 See industry description for 541350 below. 

541350 Building Inspection Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing building inspection services. 

These establishments typically evaluate all aspects of the building structure and component systems and 

prepare a report on the physical condition of the property, generally for buyers or others involved in real 

estate transactions. Building inspection bureaus and establishments providing home inspection services are 

included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Inspecting buildings for termites and other pests--are classified in Industry 561710, Exterminating 

and Pest Control Services; 

 Inspecting buildings for hazardous materials--are classified in Industry 541620, Environmental 

Consulting Services; and 

 Conducting inspections and enforcing public building codes and standards--are classified in 

Industry 925110, Administration of Housing Programs. 

54136 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services 

 See industry description for 541360 below. 

541360 Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gathering, interpreting, and mapping 

geophysical data. Establishments in this industry often specialize in locating and measuring the extent of 

subsurface resources, such as oil, gas, and minerals, but they may also conduct surveys for engineering 

purposes. Establishments in this industry use a variety of surveying techniques depending on the purpose 

of the survey, including magnetic surveys, gravity surveys, seismic surveys, or electrical and 

electromagnetic surveys. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in taking core samples, drilling test wells, or other mine development 

activities (except geophysical surveying and mapping) on a contract basis for others are classified in 

Industry 21311, Support Activities for Mining. 

54137 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services 

 See industry description for 541370 below. 

541370 Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing surveying and mapping services 

of the surface of the earth, including the sea floor. These services may include surveying and mapping of 

areas above or below the surface of the earth, such as the creation of view easements or segregating rights 

in parcels of land by creating underground utility easements. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cadastral surveying services 

Mapping (except geophysical) services 

Cartographic surveying services 

Topographic surveying services 

Geodetic surveying services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing geophysical surveying and mapping services--are classified in Industry 541360, 

Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; 

 Publishing atlases and maps, except for exclusive Internet publishing--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 511130, Book Publishers; and 

 Publishing atlases and maps exclusively on the Internet--are classified in U.S. Industry 519130, 

Internet Publishing and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals. 

54138 Testing Laboratories 

 See industry description for 541380 below. 

541380 Testing Laboratories 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing physical, chemical, and other 

analytical testing services, such as acoustics or vibration testing, assaying, biological testing (except 

medical and veterinary), calibration testing, electrical and electronic testing, geotechnical testing, 

mechanical testing, nondestructive testing, or thermal testing. The testing may occur in a laboratory or onsite. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Laboratory testing for the medical profession--are classified in Industry 62151, Medical and 

Diagnostic Laboratories; 

 Veterinary testing services--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services; and 
 Auto emissions testing--are classified in U.S. Industry 811198, All Other Automotive Repair and 

Maintenance. 

5414 Specialized Design Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments providing specialized design services (except architectural, 

engineering, and computer systems design). 

54141 Interior Design Services 

 See industry description for 541410 below. 

541410 Interior Design Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing, and administering 

projects in interior spaces to meet the physical and aesthetic needs of people using them, taking into 

consideration building codes, health and safety regulations, traffic patterns and floor planning, mechanical 

and electrical needs, and interior fittings and furniture. Interior designers and interior design consultants 

work in areas, such as hospitality design, health care design, institutional design, commercial and corporate 

design, and residential design. This industry also includes interior decorating consultants engaged 

exclusively in providing aesthetic services associated with interior spaces. 

54142 Industrial Design Services 

 See industry description for 541420 below. 

541420 Industrial Design Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and developing designs and 

specifications that optimize the use, value, and appearance of their products. These services can include the 

determination of the materials, construction, mechanisms, shape, color, and surface finishes of the product, 

taking into consideration human characteristics and needs, safety, market appeal, and efficiency in 

production, distribution, use, and maintenance. Establishments providing automobile or furniture industrial 

design services or industrial design consulting services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Applying physical laws and principles of engineering in the design, development, and utilization 

of machines, materials, instruments, structures, processes, and systems--are classified in Industry 

541330, Engineering Services; and 

 Designing clothing, shoes, or jewelry--are classified in Industry 541490, Other Specialized Design 

Services. 

54143 Graphic Design Services 

 See industry description for 541430 below. 

541430 Graphic Design Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing, and managing the 

production of visual communication in order to convey specific messages or concepts, clarify complex 

information, or project visual identities. These services can include the design of printed materials, 

packaging, advertising, signage systems, and corporate identification (logos). This industry also includes 

commercial artists engaged exclusively in generating drawings and illustrations requiring technical 

accuracy or interpretative skills. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Commercial art studios 
Independent commercial or graphic artists 

Corporate identification (i.e., logo) design services 

Medical art or illustration services 

Graphic design consulting services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in creating and/or placing public display advertising material 

are classified in Industry 541850, Display Advertising; and 

 Independent artists primarily engaged in creating and selling visual artwork for noncommercial 

use and independent cartoonists are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, 

and Performers. 

54149 Other Specialized Design Services 

 See industry description for 541490 below. 

541490 Other Specialized Design Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing professional design services 

(except architectural, landscape architecture, engineering, interior, industrial, graphic, and computer system 

design). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Costume design services (except independent theatrical costume designers) 

Jewelry design services 

Fashion design services 

Float design services 

Shoe design services 

Fur design services 

Textile design services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing architectural design services--are classified in Industry 541310, Architectural Services; 

 Providing landscape architecture design services--are classified in Industry 541320, Landscape 

Architectural Services; 

 Providing engineering design services--are classified in Industry 541330, Engineering Services; 

 Providing interior design services--are classified in Industry 541410, Interior Design Services; 

 Providing industrial design services--are classified in Industry 541420, Industrial Design Services; 

 Providing graphic design services--are classified in Industry 541430, Graphic Design Services; 

 Providing computer systems design services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer 

Systems Design Services; and 

 Operating as independent theatrical designers--are classified in Industry 711510, Independent 

Artists, Writers, and Performers. 

5415 Computer Systems Design and Related Services 

 See industry description for 54151 below. 

54151 Computer Systems Design and Related Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing expertise in the field of 

information technologies through one or more of the following activities: (1) writing, modifying, testing, 

and supporting software to meet the needs of a particular customer; (2) planning and designing computer 

systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and communication technologies; (3) on-site 
management and operation of clients' computer systems and/or data processing facilities; and (4) other 

professional and technical computer-related advice and services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Computer facilities management services 

Custom computer programming services 

Computer hardware or software consulting services 

Software installation services 

Computer systems integration design services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling computer hardware or software products from retail-like locations and providing 

supporting services, such as customized assembly of personal computers--are classified in 

Industry 44312, Computer and Software Stores; 

 Merchant wholesaling computer hardware or software products and providing supporting services, 

such as customized assembly of personal computers--are classified in Industry 423430, Computer 

and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers; 

 Publishing packaged software--are classified in Industry 51121, Software Publishers; and 

 Providing computer data processing services at their own facility for others--are classified in 

Industry 518210, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services. 

541511 Custom Computer Programming Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in writing, modifying, testing, and 

supporting software to meet the needs of a particular customer. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Publishing packaged software--are classified in Industry 511210, Software Publishers; and 

 Planning and designing computer systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and 

communication technologies, even though such establishments may provide custom software as an 

integral part of their services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541512, Computer Systems Design 

Services. 

541512 Computer Systems Design Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing computer 

systems that integrate computer hardware, software, and communication technologies. The hardware and 

software components of the system may be provided by this establishment or company as part of integrated 

services or may be provided by third parties or vendors. These establishments often install the system and 

train and support users of the system. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Computer systems integration design consulting services 

Local area network (LAN) computer systems integration design services 

Information management computer systems integration design services 

Office automation computer systems integration design services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling computer hardware or software products and systems from retail-like locations, and 

providing supporting services, such as customized assembly of personal computers--are classified 

in Industry 443120, Computer and Software Stores; and 
 Merchant wholesaling computer hardware or software products and providing supporting services, 

such as customized assembly of personal computers--are classified in Industry 423430, Computer 

and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers. 

541513 Computer Facilities Management Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing on-site management and 

operation of clients' computer systems and/or data processing facilities. Establishments providing 

computer systems or data processing facilities support services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing computer data processing services at their own facility for 

others are classified in Industry 518210, Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services. 

541519 Other Computer Related Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing computer related services 

(except custom programming, systems integration design, and facilities management services). 

Establishments providing computer disaster recovery services or software installation services are included 

in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing custom computer programming services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541511, 

Custom Computer Programming Services; 

 Providing computer systems integration design services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541512, 

Computer Systems Design Services; and 

 Providing computer systems and/or data processing facilities management services--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 541513, Computer Facilities Management Services. 

5416 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services 

54161 Management Consulting Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to 

businesses and other organizations on management issues, such as strategic and organizational planning; 

financial planning and budgeting; marketing objectives and policies; human resource policies, practices, 

and planning; production scheduling; and control planning. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Actuarial, benefit, and compensation consulting services 

Marketing consulting services 

Administrative and general management consulting services 

Process, physical distribution, and logistics consulting services 

Human resources consulting services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of day-to-day office administrative 

services, such as financial planning, billing and recordkeeping, personnel, and physical 

distribution and logistics are classified in Industry 56111, Office Administrative Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing executive search, recruitment, and placement 

services are classified in Industry 56131, Employment Placement Agencies and Executive Search 

Services; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing other 

establishments of the company or enterprise (except government establishments) are classified in 

Industry 55111, Management of Companies and Enterprises; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing 

governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public Administration; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in professional and management development training are 

classified in Industry 61143, Professional and Management Development Training; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in listing employment vacancies and in selecting, referring, and 

placing applicants in employment are classified in Industry 56131, Employment Placement 

Agencies and Executive Search Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in developing and implementing public relations plans are 

classified in Industry 54182, Public Relations Agencies; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in developing and conducting marketing research or public 

opinion polling are classified in Industry 54191, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing industrial processes and systems are 

classified in Industry 54133, Engineering Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing computer systems are classified in 

Industry 54151, Computer Systems Design and Related Services; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing financial investment advice services are classified 

in Industry 52393, Investment Advice. 

541611 Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing operating advice and 

assistance to businesses and other organizations on administrative management issues, such as financial 

planning and budgeting, equity and asset management, records management, office planning, strategic and 

organizational planning, site selection, new business startup, and business process improvement. This 

industry also includes establishments of general management consultants that provide a full range of 

administrative; human resource; marketing; process, physical distribution, and logistics; or other 

management consulting services to clients. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Administrative management consulting services 

Site selection consulting services 

Financial management (except investment advice) consulting services 

Strategic planning consulting services 

General management consulting services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of day-to-day office administrative 

services, such as financial planning, billing and recordkeeping, personnel, and physical 

distribution and logistics, are classified in Industry 561110, Office Administrative Services; 

 Establishments providing operations consulting services are classified in U.S. Industry 541614, 

Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing other 

establishments of the company or enterprise (except government establishments) are classified in 

U.S. Industry 551114, Corporate, Subsidiary, and Regional Managing Offices; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing 

governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public Administration; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing investment advice are classified in Industry 

523930, Investment Advice. 

541612 Human Resources Consulting Services CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to 

businesses and other organizations in one or more of the following areas: (1) human resource and 

personnel policies, practices, and procedures; (2) employee benefits planning, communication, and 

administration; (3) compensation systems planning; and (4) wage and salary administration. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Benefit or compensation consulting services 

Employee assessment consulting services 

Personnel management consulting services 

Human resources consulting services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing professional and management development training--are classified in Industry 611430, 

Professional and Management Development Training; 

 Listing employment vacancies and in selecting, referring, and placing applicants in employment--

are classified in U.S. Industry 561311, Employment Placement Agencies; and 

 Providing executive search, recruitment, and placement services--are classified in U.S. Industry 

561312, Executive Search Services. 

541613 Marketing Consulting Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing operating advice and 

assistance to businesses and other organizations on marketing issues, such as developing marketing 

objectives and policies, sales forecasting, new product developing and pricing, licensing and franchise 

planning, and marketing planning and strategy. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Customer services management consulting services 

New product development consulting services 

Marketing management consulting services 

Sales management consulting services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Developing and implementing public relations plans--are classified in Industry 541820, Public 

Relations Agencies; and 

 Developing and conducting marketing research or public opinion polling--are classified in 

Industry 541910, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling. 

541614 Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing operating advice and 

assistance to businesses and other organizations in areas, such as: (1) manufacturing operations 

improvement; (2) productivity improvement; (3) production planning and control; (4) quality assurance and 

quality control; (5) inventory management; (6) distribution networks; (7) warehouse use, operations, and 

utilization; (8) transportation and shipment of goods and materials; and (9) materials management and 

handling. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Freight rate or tariff rate consulting services 

Productivity improvement consulting services 

Inventory planning and control management consulting services 
Transportation management consulting services 

Manufacturing management consulting services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Planning and designing industrial processes and systems--are classified in Industry 541330, 

Engineering Services; and 

 Providing computer systems integration design services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541512, 

Computer Systems Design Services. 

541618 Other Management Consulting Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing management consulting 

services (except administrative and general management consulting; human resources consulting; 

marketing consulting; or process, physical distribution, and logistics consulting). Establishments providing 

telecommunications or utilities management consulting services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing administrative and general management consulting services--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 541611, Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services; 

 Providing human resources consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541612, Human 

Resources Consulting Services; 

 Providing marketing consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541613, Marketing 

Consulting Services; and 

 Providing process, physical distribution, and logistics consulting services--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 541614, Process, Physical Distribution, and Logistics Consulting Services. 

54162 Environmental Consulting Services 

 See industry description for 541620 below. 

541620 Environmental Consulting Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to 

businesses and other organizations on environmental issues, such as the control of environmental 

contamination from pollutants, toxic substances, and hazardous materials. These establishments identify 

problems (e.g., inspect buildings for hazardous materials), measure and evaluate risks, and recommend 

solutions. They employ a multidisciplined staff of scientists, engineers, and other technicians with 

expertise in areas, such as air and water quality, asbestos contamination, remediation, and environmental 

law. Establishments providing sanitation or site remediation consulting services are included in this 

industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Environmental remediation--are classified in Industry 562910, Remediation Services; and 

 Providing environmental engineering services--are classified in Industry 541330, Engineering 

Services. 

54169 Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services 

 See industry description for 541690 below. 

541690 Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to 

businesses and other organizations on scientific and technical issues (except environmental). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Agricultural consulting services 

Motion picture consulting services 

Biological consulting services 

Physics consulting services 

Chemical consulting services 

Radio consulting services 

Economic consulting services 

Safety consulting services 

Energy consulting services 

Security consulting services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in environmental consulting are classified in Industry 541620, 

Environmental Consulting Services. 

5417 Scientific Research and Development Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments engaged in conducting original investigation undertaken on 

a systematic basis to gain new knowledge (research) and/or the application of research findings or other 

scientific knowledge for the creation of new or significantly improved products or processes (experimental 

development). The industries within this industry group are defined on the basis of the domain of research; 

that is, on the scientific expertise of the establishment. 

54171 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and experimental 

development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences, such as agriculture, electronics, environmental, 

biology, botany, biotechnology, computers, chemistry, food, fisheries, forests, geology, health, 

mathematics, medicine, oceanography, pharmacy, physics, veterinary, and other allied subjects. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing veterinary testing services--are classified in Industry 54194, Veterinary Services; 

 Providing medical laboratory testing for humans--are classified in Industry 62151, Medical and 

Diagnostic Laboratories; 

 Providing physical, chemical, or other analytical testing services (except medical or veterinary), 

such as acoustics or vibration testing, calibration testing, electrical and electronic testing, 

geotechnical testing, mechanical testing, nondestructive testing, or thermal testing --are classified 

in Industry 54138, Testing Laboratories; and 

 Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin 

(except diagnostic use) and/or uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., 

enzyme proteins and antibiotics for pharmaceutical use)--are classified in Industry 32541, 

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. 

541711 Research and Development in Biotechnology US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting biotechnology research and 

experimental development. Biotechnology research and experimental development involves the study of 

the use of microorganisms and cellular and biomolecular processes to develop or alter living or non-living 

materials. This research and development in biotechnology may result in development of new 

biotechnology processes or in prototypes of new or genetically-altered products that may be reproduced, 

utilized, or implemented by various industries. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Recombinant DNA research and experimental development laboratories 

DNA technologies (e.g., microarrays) research and experimental development laboratories 

Cloning research and experimental development laboratories 

Protein engineering research and experimental development laboratories 

Nucleic acid chemistry research and experimental development laboratories 

Nanobiotechnologies research and experimental development laboratories 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Conducting research and experimental development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences 

(except biotechnology)--are classified in U.S. Industry 541712, Research and Development in the 

Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology); 

 Providing veterinary testing services--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services; 

 Providing physical, chemical, or other analytical testing services (except medical or veterinary), 

such as acoustics or vibration testing, calibration testing, electrical and electronic testing, 

geotechnical testing, mechanical testing, nondestructive testing, or thermal testing--are classified 

in Industry 541380, Testing Laboratories; 

 Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin 

(except diagnostic use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325414, Biological Product (except 

Diagnostic) Manufacturing; and 

 Manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., enzyme proteins 

and antibiotics for pharmaceutical use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325411, Medicinal and 

Botanical Manufacturing. 

 

541712 Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except 

Biotechnology) US 

 This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and experimental 

development (except biotechnology research and experimental development) in the physical, engineering, 

and life sciences, such as agriculture, electronics, environmental, biology, botany, computers, chemistry, 

food, fisheries, forests, geology, health, mathematics, medicine, oceanography, pharmacy, physics, 

veterinary and other allied subjects. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing physical, chemical, or other analytical testing services (except medical or veterinary)--

are classified in Industry 541380, Testing Laboratories; 

 Providing medical laboratory testing for humans--are classified in U.S. Industry 621511, Medical 

Laboratories; 

 Conducting research and experimental development in biotechnology--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 541711, Research and Development in Biotechnology; and 

 Providing veterinary testing services--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services. 

54172 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities 

 See industry description for 541720 below. 

541720 Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities CAN 

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and analyses in cognitive 

development, sociology, psychology, language, behavior, economic, and other social science and 

humanities research. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in marketing research are classified in Industry 541910, Marketing 

Research and Public Opinion Polling. 

5418 Advertising, Public Relations, and Related Services 

54181 Advertising Agencies 

 See industry description for 541810 below. 

541810 Advertising Agencies 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating advertising campaigns and placing 

such advertising in periodicals, newspapers, radio and television, or other media. These establishments are 

organized to provide a full range of services (i.e., through in-house capabilities or subcontracting), 

including advice, creative services, account management, production of advertising material, media 

planning, and buying (i.e., placing advertising). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Purchasing advertising space from media outlets and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or 

individual companies--are classified in Industry 541830, Media Buying Agencies; 

 Conceptualizing and producing artwork or graphic designs without providing other advertising 

agency services--are classified in Industry 541430, Graphic Design Services; 

 Creating direct mail advertising campaigns--are classified in Industry 541860, Direct Mail 

Advertising; 

 Providing marketing consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541613, Marketing 

Consulting Services; and 

 Selling media time or space for media owners as independent representatives--are classified in 

Industry 541840, Media Representatives. 

54182 Public Relations Agencies 

 See industry description for 541820 below. 

541820 Public Relations Agencies 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in designing and implementing public relations 

campaigns. These campaigns are designed to promote the interests and image of their clients. 

Establishments providing lobbying, political consulting, or public relations consulting are included in this 

industry. 

54183 Media Buying Agencies 

 See industry description for 541830 below. 

541830 Media Buying Agencies 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in purchasing advertising time or space from 

media outlets and reselling it to advertising agencies or individual companies directly. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling time and space to advertisers for media owners as independent representatives--are 

classified in Industry 541840, Media Representatives; and 

 Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in media--are classified in Industry 

541810, Advertising Agencies. 

54184 Media Representatives 

 See industry description for 541840 below. 
541840 Media Representatives 

 This industry comprises establishments of independent representatives primarily engaged in selling media 

time or space for media owners. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Newspaper advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) 

Radio advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) 

Publishers' advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) 

Television advertising representatives (i.e., independent of media owners) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Purchasing advertising time or space from media outlets and reselling it directly to advertising 

agencies or individual companies--are classified in Industry 541830, Media Buying Agencies; and 

 Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in media--are classified in Industry 

541810, Advertising Agencies. 

54185 Display Advertising 

 See industry description for 541850 below. 

541850 Display Advertising 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and designing public display 

advertising campaign materials, such as printed, painted, or electronic displays; and/or placing such 

displays on indoor or outdoor billboards and panels, or on or within transit vehicles or facilities, shopping 

malls, retail (in-store) displays, and other display structures or sites. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing sign lettering and painting services--are classified in Industry 541890, Other Services 

Related to Advertising; 

 Printing paper on paperboard signs--are classified in Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Erecting display boards--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; 

and 

 Manufacturing electrical, mechanical, or plate signs and point-of-sale advertising displays--are 

classified in Industry 339950, Sign Manufacturing. 

54186 Direct Mail Advertising 

 See industry description for 541860 below. 

541860 Direct Mail Advertising 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) creating and designing advertising 

campaigns for the purpose of distributing advertising materials (e.g., coupons, flyers, samples) or 

specialties (e.g., key chains, magnets, pens with customized messages imprinted) by mail or other direct 

distribution; and/or (2) preparing advertising materials or specialties for mailing or other direct distribution. 

These establishments may also compile, maintain, sell, and rent mailing lists. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 The direct distribution or delivery (e.g., door-to-door, windshield placement) of advertisements or 

samples--are classified in Industry 541870, Advertising Material Distribution Services; 
 Distributing advertising specialties for clients who wish to use such materials for promotional 

purposes--are classified in Industry 541890, Other Services Related to Advertising; 

 Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in media--are classified in Industry 

541810, Advertising Agencies; 

 Compiling and selling mailing lists without providing direct mail advertising services--are 

classified in Industry 511140, Directory and Mailing List Publishers; and 

 Broadcasting exclusively on the Internet--are classified in Industry 519130, Internet Publishing 

and Broadcasting and Web Search Portals. 

54187 Advertising Material Distribution Services 

 See industry description for 541870 below. 

541870 Advertising Material Distribution Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the direct distribution or delivery of 

advertisements (e.g., circulars, coupons, handbills) or samples. Establishments in this industry use 

methods, such as delivering advertisements or samples door-to-door, placing flyers or coupons on car 

windshields in parking lots, or handing out samples in retail stores. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Creating and designing advertising campaigns for the purpose of distributing advertising materials 

or samples through the mail--are classified in Industry 541860, Direct Mail Advertising; 

 Publishing newspapers or operating television stations or on-line information services--are 

classified in Sector 51, Information; and 

 Distributing advertising specialties (e.g., key chains, magnets, or pens with customized messages 

imprinted) to clients who wish to use such materials for promotional purposes--are classified in 

Industry 541890, Other Services Related to Advertising. 

54189 Other Services Related to Advertising 

 See industry description for 541890 below. 

541890 Other Services Related to Advertising MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advertising services (except 

advertising agency services, public relations agency services, media buying agency services, media 

representative services, display advertising services, direct mail advertising services, advertising material 

distribution services, and marketing consulting services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Advertising specialties (e.g., key chains, magnets, pens) distribution services (except direct mail) 

Sign lettering and painting services 

Display lettering services 

Store window dressing or trimming services 

Mannequin decorating services 

Welcoming services (i.e., advertising services) 

Merchandise demonstration services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in newspapers, television, or other 

media--are classified in Industry 541810, Advertising Agencies; 

 Designing and implementing public relations campaigns--are classified in Industry 541820, Public 

Relations Agencies; 
 Purchasing advertising time or space from media outlets and reselling it directly to advertising 

agencies or individual companies--are classified in Industry 541830, Media Buying Agencies; 

 Selling media time or space for media owners as independent representatives--are classified in 

Industry 541840, Media Representatives; 

 Providing display advertising services (except aerial)--are classified in Industry 541850, Display 

Advertising; 

 Providing direct distribution or delivery (e.g., door-to-door, windshield placement) of 

advertisements or samples--are classified in Industry 541870, Advertising Material Distribution 

Services; 

 Providing direct mail advertising services--are classified in Industry 541860, Direct Mail 

Advertising; 

 Publishing newspapers or operating television stations or on-line information services--are 

classified in Sector 51, Information; and 

 Providing marketing consulting services--are classified in U.S. Industry 541613, Marketing 

Consulting Services. 

5419 Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments engaged in professional, scientific, and technical services 

(except legal services; accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and related services; architectural, 

engineering, and related services; specialized design services; computer systems design and related 

services; management, scientific, and technical consulting services; scientific research and development 

services; and advertising, public relations and related services). 

54191 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling 

 See industry description for 541910 below. 

541910 Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in systematically gathering, recording, 

tabulating, and presenting marketing and public opinion data. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Broadcast media rating services 

Political opinion polling services 

Marketing analysis or research services 

Statistical sampling services 

Opinion research services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing research and analysis in economics, sociology, and related fields--are classified in 

Industry 541720, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities; and 

 Providing advice and counsel on marketing strategies--are classified in U.S. Industry 541613, 

Marketing Consulting Services. 

54192 Photographic Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing still, video, or digital photography 

services. These establishments may specialize in a particular field of photography, such as commercial and 

industrial photography, portrait photography, and special events photography. Commercial or portrait 

photography studios are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Producing film and videotape for commercial exhibition or sale--are classified in Industry 51211, 

Motion Picture and Video Production; 

 Developing still photographs--are classified in Industry 81292, Photofinishing; 

 Developing motion picture film--are classified in Industry 51219, Postproduction Services and 

Other Motion Picture and Video Industries; 

 Taking, developing, and selling artistic, news, or other types of photographs on a freelance basis, 

such as photojournalists--are classified in Industry 71151, Independent Artists, Writers, and 

Performers; and 

 Supplying and servicing automatic photography machines in places of business operated by 

others--are classified in Industry 81299, All Other Personal Services. 

541921 Photography Studios, Portrait US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as portrait studios primarily engaged in providing 

still, video, or digital portrait photography services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Home photography services 

School photography services 

Passport photography services 

Videotaping services for special events (e.g., weddings) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing film and videotape for commercial exhibition or sale--are classified in Industry 512110, 

Motion Picture and Video Production; 

 Developing still photographs--are classified in Industry 81292, Photofinishing; 

 Developing motion picture film--are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other Motion Picture and 

Video Industries; 

 Taking, developing, and selling artistic, news, or other types of photographs on a freelance basis, 

such as photojournalists--are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and 

Performers; and 

 Supplying and servicing automatic photography machines in places of business operated by 

others--are classified in Industry 812990, All Other Personal Services. 

541922 Commercial Photography US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing commercial photography 

services, generally for advertising agencies, publishers, and other business and industrial users. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing film and videotape for commercial exhibition or sale--are classified in Industry 512110, 

Motion Picture and Video Production; 

 Developing still photographs--are classified in Industry 81292, Photofinishing; 

 Developing motion picture film--are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other Motion Picture and 

Video Industries; 

 Taking, developing, and selling artistic, news, or other types of photographs on a freelance basis, 

such as photojournalists--are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and 

Performers; and 

 Supplying and servicing automatic photography machines in places of business operated by 

others--are classified in Industry 812990, All Other Personal Services. 

54193 Translation and Interpretation Services 

 See industry description for 541930 below. 
541930 Translation and Interpretation Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in translating written material and interpreting 

speech from one language to another and establishments primarily engaged in providing sign language 

services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing transcription services--are classified in Industry 561410, Document Preparation 

Services; 

 Providing real-time (i.e., simultaneous) closed captioning services for live television 

performances, at meetings and conferences--are classified in U.S. Industry 561492, Court 

Reporting and Stenotype Services; 

 Providing film or tape closed captioning services--are classified in U.S. Industry 512191, 

Teleproduction and Other Postproduction Services; and 

 Analyzing handwriting--are classified in Industry 541990, All Other Professional, Scientific, and 

Technical Services. 

54194 Veterinary Services 

 See industry description for industry 541940 below. 

541940 Veterinary Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments of licensed veterinary practitioners primarily engaged in the 

practice of veterinary medicine, dentistry, or surgery for animals; and establishments primarily engaged in 

providing testing services for licensed veterinary practitioners. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Animal hospitals 

Veterinary clinics 

Veterinarians' offices 

Veterinary testing laboratories 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing veterinary research and development services--are classified in Industry 54171, 

Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences; 

 Providing nonveterinary pet care services, such as boarding or grooming pets--are classified in 

Industry 812910, Pet Care (except Veterinary) Services; 

 Providing animal breeding services or boarding horses--are classified in Industry 115210, Support 

Activities for Animal Production; and 

 Transporting pets--are classified in U.S. Industry 485991, Special Needs Transportation. 

54199 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 

 See industry description for 541990 below. 

541990 All Other Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the provision of professional, scientific, or 

technical services (except legal services; accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and related services; 

architectural, engineering, and related services; specialized design services; computer systems design and 

related services; management, scientific, and technical consulting services; scientific research and 

development services; advertising, public relations and related services; market research and public opinion 

polling; photographic services; translation and interpretation services; and veterinary services). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Appraisal (except real estate) services 

Marine surveyor (i.e., appraiser) services 

Arbitration and conciliation services (except by lawyer, attorney, or paralegal offices) 

Patent broker services (i.e., patent marketing services) 

Commodity inspector services 

Pipeline or power line inspection (i.e., visual) services 

Consumer credit counseling services 

Weather forecasting services 

Handwriting analysis services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing legal services--are classified in Industry Group 5411, Legal Services; 

 Providing accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services--are classified in 

Industry Group 5412, Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services; 

 Providing architectural, engineering, and related services--are classified in Industry Group 5413, 

Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services; 

 Providing specialized design services--are classified in Industry Group 5414, Specialized Design 

Services; 

 Providing computer systems design and related services--are classified in Industry Group 5415, 

Computer Systems Design and Related Services; 

 Providing management, scientific, and technical consulting services--are classified in Industry 

Group 5416, Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services; 

 Providing scientific research and development services--are classified in Industry Group 5417, 

Scientific Research and Development Services; 

 Providing advertising and related services--are classified in Industry Group 5418, Advertising, 

Public Relations, and Related Services; 

 Providing marketing research and public opinion polling--are classified in Industry 541910, 

Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling; 

 Providing photographic services--are classified in Industry 54192, Photographic Services; 

 Providing translation and interpretation services--are classified in Industry 541930, Translation 

and Interpretation Services; 

 Providing veterinary services--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services; and 

 Providing real estate appraisal services--are classified in Industry 531320, Offices of Real Estate 

Appraisers. 
Sector 55--Management of Companies and Enterprises 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Management of Companies and Enterprises sector comprises (1) establishments that hold the 

securities of (or other equity interests in) companies and enterprises for the purpose of owning a controlling 

interest or influencing management decisions or (2) establishments (except government establishments) 

that administer, oversee, and manage establishments of the company or enterprise and that normally 

undertake the strategic or organizational planning and decision making role of the company or enterprise. 

Establishments that administer, oversee, and manage may hold the securities of the company or enterprise. 

 Establishments in this sector perform essential activities that are often undertaken, in-house, by 

establishments in many sectors of the economy. By consolidating the performance of these activities of the 

enterprise at one establishment, economies of scale are achieved. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing governmental 

programs are classified in Sector 92, Public Administration. Establishments primarily engaged in 

providing a range of day-to-day office administrative services, such as financial planning, billing and 

recordkeeping, personnel, and physical distribution and logistics are classified in Industry 56111, Office 

Administrative Services. 

551 Management of Companies and Enterprises 

 Industries in the Management of Companies and Enterprises subsector include three main types of 

establishments: (1) those that hold the securities of (or other equity interests in) companies and enterprises; 

(2) those (except government establishments) that administer, oversee, and manage other establishments of 

the company or enterprise but do not hold the securities of these establishments; and (3) those that both 

administer, oversee, and manage other establishments of the company or enterprise and hold the securities 

of (or other equity interests in) these establishments. Those establishments that administer, oversee, and 

manage normally undertake the strategic or organizational planning and decision making role of the 

company or enterprise. 

5511 Management of Companies and Enterprises 

55111 Management of Companies and Enterprises 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in holding the securities of (or other equity 

interests in) companies and enterprises for the purpose of owning a controlling interest or influencing the 

management decisions or (2) establishments (except government establishments) that administer, oversee, 

and manage other establishments of the company or enterprise and that normally undertake the strategic or 

organizational planning and decision making role of the company or enterprise. Establishments that 

administer, oversee, and manage may hold the securities of the company or enterprise. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in holding the securities of companies or enterprises and 

operating these entities are classified according to the business operated; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in holding the securities of depository banks and operating 

these entities are classified in Industry Group 5221, Depository Credit Intermediation; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing a single service to other establishments of the 

company or enterprise, such as trucking, warehousing, research and development, and data 

processing are classified according to the service provided; and 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing 

governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public Administration. 

551111 Offices of Bank Holding Companies US 
 This U.S. industry comprises legal entities known as bank holding companies primarily engaged in 

holding the securities of (or other equity interests in) companies and enterprises for the purpose of owning a 

controlling interest or influencing the management decisions of these firms. The holding companies in this 

industry do not administer, oversee, and manage other establishments of the company or enterprise whose 

securities they hold. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Holding the securities of (or other equity interests in) a company or enterprise and administering, 

overseeing, and managing establishments of the company or enterprise whose securities they hold-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 551114, Corporate, Subsidiary, and Regional Managing Offices; 

and 

 Holding the securities of depository banks and operating these entities--are classified in Industry 

Group 5221, Depository Credit Intermediation. 

551112 Offices of Other Holding Companies US 

 This U.S. industry comprises legal entities known as holding companies (except bank holding) primarily 

engaged in holding the securities of (or other equity interests in) companies and enterprises for the purpose 

of owning a controlling interest or influencing the management decisions of these firms. The holding 

companies in this industry do not administer, oversee, and manage other establishments of the company or 

enterprise whose securities they hold. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Holding the securities of (or other equity interests in) depository banks for the purpose of owning 

a controlling interest or influencing the management decisions of these firms--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 551111, Offices of Bank Holding Companies; 

 Holding the securities of (or other equity interests in) a company or enterprise and administering, 

overseeing, and managing establishments of the company or enterprise whose securities they hold-

-are classified in U.S. Industry 551114, Corporate, Subsidiary, and Regional Managing Offices; 

and 

 Holding the securities of companies or enterprises and operating these entities--are classified 

according to the business operated. 

551114 Corporate, Subsidiary, and Regional Managing Offices CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except government establishments) primarily engaged in 

administering, overseeing, and managing other establishments of the company or enterprise. These 

establishments normally undertake the strategic or organizational planning and decision making role of the 

company or enterprise. Establishments in this industry may hold the securities of the company or 

enterprise. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Centralized administrative offices 

Head offices 

Corporate offices 

Holding companies that manage 

District and regional offices 

Subsidiary management offices 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in administering, overseeing, and managing 

governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public Administration; 
 Legal entities known as bank holding companies that do not administer, oversee, and manage 

other establishments of the companies or enterprises whose securities they hold are classified in 

U.S. Industry 551111, Offices of Bank Holding Companies; and 

 Legal entities known as holding companies (except bank holding) that do not administer, oversee, 

and manage other establishments of the companies or enterprises whose securities they hold are 

classified in U.S. Industry 551112, Offices of Other Holding Companies. 
Sector 56--Administrative and Support and Waste Management and 

Remediation Services 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services sector comprises 

establishments performing routine support activities for the day-to-day operations of other organizations. 

These essential activities are often undertaken in-house by establishments in many sectors of the economy. 

The establishments in this sector specialize in one or more of these support activities and provide these 

services to clients in a variety of industries and, in some cases, to households. Activities performed 

include: office administration, hiring and placing of personnel, document preparation and similar clerical 

services, solicitation, collection, security and surveillance services, cleaning, and waste disposal services. 

 The administrative and management activities performed by establishments in this sector are typically on 

a contract or fee basis. These activities may also be performed by establishments that are part of the 

company or enterprise. However, establishments involved in administering, overseeing, and managing 

other establishments of the company or enterprise, are classified in Sector 55, Management of Companies 

and Enterprises. Establishments in Sector 55 normally undertake the strategic and organizational planning 

and decision making role of the company or enterprise. Government establishments engaged in 

administering, overseeing, and managing governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public 

Administration. 

561 Administrative and Support Services 

 Industries in the Administrative and Support Services subsector group establishments engaged in 

activities that support the day-to-day operations of other organizations. The processes employed in this 

sector (e.g., general management, personnel administration, clerical activities, cleaning activities) are often 

integral parts of the activities of establishments found in all sectors of the economy. The establishments 

classified in this subsector have specialization in one or more of these activities and can, therefore, provide 

services to clients in a variety of industries and, in some cases, to households. The individual industries of 

this subsector are defined on the basis of the particular process that they are engaged in and the particular 

services they provide. 

 Many of the activities performed in this subsector are ongoing routine support functions that all 

businesses and organizations must do and that they have traditionally done for themselves. Recent trends, 

however, are to contract or purchase such services from businesses that specialize in such activities and 

can, therefore, provide the services more efficiently. 

 The industries in this subsector cannot be viewed as strictly "support." The Travel Arrangement and 

Reservation Services industry group, includes travel agents, tour operators, and providers of other travel 

arrangement services, such as hotel and restaurant reservations and arranging the purchase of tickets, 

serving many types of clients, including individual consumers. This group was placed in this subsector 

because the services are often of the "support" nature (e.g., travel arrangement) and businesses and other 

organizations are increasingly the ones purchasing such services. 

 The administrative and management activities performed by establishments in this sector are typically on 

a contract or fee basis. These activities may also be performed by establishments that are part of the 

company or enterprise. However, establishments involved in administering, overseeing, and managing 

other establishments of the company or enterprise, are classified in Sector 55, Management of Companies 

and Enterprises. Establishments in Sector 55 normally undertake the strategic and organizational planning 

and decision making role of the company or enterprise. Government establishments engaged in 

administering, overseeing, and managing governmental programs are classified in Sector 92, Public 

Administration. 

5611 Office Administrative Services 

56111 Office Administrative Services 

 See industry description for 561110 below. 
561110 Office Administrative Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of day-to-day office 

administrative services, such as financial planning; billing and recordkeeping; personnel; and physical 

distribution and logistics for others on a contract or fee basis. These establishments do not provide 

operating staff to carry out the complete operations of a business. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Holding the securities or financial assets of companies and enterprises for the purpose of 

controlling them and influencing their management decisions--are classified in U.S. Industry 

551111, Offices of Bank Holding Companies or U.S. Industry 551112, Offices of Other Holding 

Companies; 

 Administering, overseeing, and managing other establishments of the company or enterprise 

(except government establishments)--are classified in U.S. Industry 551114, Corporate, 

Subsidiary, and Regional Managing Offices; 

 Providing computer facilities management--are classified in U.S. Industry 541513, Computer 

Facilities Management Services; 

 Providing construction management--are classified in Sector 23, Construction, by type of 

construction project managed; 

 Providing farm management--are classified in U.S. Industry 115116, Farm Management Services; 

 Managing real property for others--are classified in Industry 53131, Real Estate Property 

Managers; 

 Providing food services management at institutional, governmental, commercial, or industrial 

locations--are classified in Industry 722310, Food Service Contractors; 

 Providing management advice without day-to-day management--are classified in Industry 54161, 

Management Consulting Services; 

 Providing both management and operating staff for the complete operation of a client's business, 

such as a hotel, restaurant, mine site, or hospital--are classified according to the industry of the 

establishment operated; and 

 Providing only one of the support services (e.g., accounting services) that establishments in this 

industry provide--are classified in the appropriate industry according to the service provided. 

5612 Facilities Support Services 

56121 Facilities Support Services 

 See industry description for 561210 below. 

 

561210 Facilities Support Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing operating staff to perform a 

combination of support services within a client's facilities. Establishments in this industry typically provide 

a combination of services, such as janitorial, maintenance, trash disposal, guard and security, mail routing, 

reception, laundry, and related services to support operations within facilities. These establishments 

provide operating staff to carry out these support activities; but are not involved with or responsible for the 

core business or activities of the client. Establishments providing facilities (except computer and/or data 

processing) operation support services and establishments providing private jail services or operating 

correctional facilities (i.e., jails) on a contract or fee basis are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing only one of the support services (e.g., janitorial 

services) that establishments in this industry provide are classified in the appropriate industry 

according to the service provided; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in providing management and operating staff for the complete 

operation of a client's establishment, such as a hotel, restaurant, mine, or hospital, are classified 

according to the industry of the establishment operated; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing on-site management and operation of a client's 

computer systems and/or data processing facilities are classified in U.S. Industry 541513, 

Computer Facilities Management Services; and 

 Governmental correctional institutions are classified in Industry 922140, Correctional Institutions. 

5613 Employment Services 

56131 Employment Placement Agencies and Executive Search Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: 1) listing employment 

vacancies and referring or placing applicants for employment; or 2) providing executive search, 

recruitment, and placement services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Employment agencies 

Executive placement services 

Executive search services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Supplying their own employees for limited periods of time to supplement the working force of a 

client's business--are classified in Industry 56132, Temporary Help Services; 

 Providing human resources and human resource management services to clients--are classified in 

Industry 56133, Professional Employer Organizations; 

 Providing advice and assistance on human resource and personnel policies, practices, and 

procedures; and employee benefits and compensation systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 

54161, Management Consulting Services; and 

 Representing models, entertainers, athletes, and other public figures as their agent or manager--are 

classified in Industry 71141, Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other 

Public Figures. 

561311 Employment Placement Agencies US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in listing employment vacancies and in 

referring or placing applicants for employment. The individuals referred or placed are not employees of the 

employment agencies. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Babysitting bureaus (i.e., registries) 

Employment registries 

Casting agencies or bureaus (i.e., motion picture, theatrical, video) 

Model registries 

Employment agencies 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing executive search, recruitment, and placement services--are classified in U.S. Industry 

561312, Executive Search Services; 

 Supplying their own employees for limited periods of time to supplement the working force of a 

client's business--are classified in Industry 561320, Temporary Help Services; 
 Providing human resources and human resource management services to clients--are classified in 

Industry 561330, Professional Employer Organizations; and 

 Representing models, entertainers, athletes, and other public figures as their agent or manager--are 

classified in Industry 711410, Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other 

Public Figures. 

561312 Executive Search Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing executive search, 

recruitment, and placement services for clients with specific executive and senior management position 

requirements. The range of services provided by these establishments may include developing a search 

strategy and position specification based on the culture and needs of the client; researching, identifying, 

screening, and interviewing candidates; verifying candidate qualifications; and assisting in final offer 

negotiations and assimilation of the selected candidate. The individuals identified, recruited, or placed are 

not employees of the executive search services establishments. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Senior executive search services 

Executive placement services 

Executive search services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Listing employment vacancies and in referring or placing applicants for employment--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 561311, Employment Placement Agencies; 

 Supplying their own employees for limited periods of time to supplement the working force of a 

client's business--are classified in Industry 561320, Temporary Help Services; 

 Providing human resources and human resource management services to clients--are classified in 

Industry 561330, Professional Employer Organizations; 

 Providing advice and assistance on human resource and personnel policies, practices, and 

procedures; and employee benefits and compensation systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 

541612, Human Resources Consulting Services; and 

 Representing models, entertainers, athletes, and other public figures as their agent or manager--are 

classified in Industry 711410, Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other 

Public Figures. 

56132 Temporary Help Services 

 See industry description for 561320 below. 

561320 Temporary Help Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying workers to clients' businesses for 

limited periods of time to supplement the working force of the client. The individuals provided are 

employees of the temporary help service establishment. However, these establishments do not provide 

direct supervision of their employees at the clients' work sites. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Help supply services 

Model supply services 

Labor (except farm) contractors (i.e., personnel suppliers) 

Temporary employment or temporary staffing services 

Manpower pools 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing human resources and human resource management services to clients--are classified in 

Industry 561330, Professional Employer Organizations; 

 Supplying farm labor--are classified in U.S. Industry 115115, Farm Labor Contractors and Crew 

Leaders; 

 Providing operating staff to perform a combination of services to support operations within a 

client's facilities--are classified in Industry 561210, Facilities Support Services; 

 Listing employment vacancies and referring or placing applicants for employment--are classified 

in Industry 561311, Employment Placement Agencies; and 

 Representing models, entertainers, athletes, and other public figures as their agent or manager--are 

classified in Industry 711410, Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other 

Public Figures. 

56133 Professional Employer Organizations 

 See industry description for 561330 below. 

561330 Professional Employer Organizations 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing human resources and human 

resource management services to client businesses. Establishments in this industry operate in a 

coemployment relationship with client businesses or organizations and are specialized in performing a wide 

range of human resource and personnel management duties, such as payroll, payroll tax, benefits 

administration, workers' compensation, unemployment, and human resource administration. Professional 

employer organizations (PEOs) are responsible for payroll, including withholding and remitting 

employment-related taxes, for some or all of the employees of their clients, and also serve as the employer 

of those employees for benefits and related purposes. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Supplying their own employees for limited periods of time to supplement the working force of a 

client's business--are classified in Industry 561320, Temporary Help Services; and 

 Listing employment vacancies and in referring or placing applicants for employment--are 

classified in Industry 561311, Employment Placement Agencies. 

5614 Business Support Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments engaged in performing activities that are ongoing routine 

business support functions that businesses and organizations traditionally do for themselves. 

56141 Document Preparation Services 

 See industry description for 561410 below. 

561410 Document Preparation Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) letter or 

resume writing; (2) document editing or proofreading; (3) typing, word processing, or desktop publishing; 

and (4) stenography (except court reporting or stenotype recording), transcription, and other secretarial 

services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing verbatim reporting and stenotype recording of live legal proceedings and transcribing 

subsequent recorded materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 561492, Court Reporting and 

Stenotype Services; 

 Performing prepress and postpress services in support of printing activities--are classified in 

Industry 32312, Support Activities for Printing; 
 Providing document translation services--are classified in Industry 541930, Translation and 

Interpretation Services; 

 Photocopying, duplicating, and other document copying services, with or without a range of other 

office support services (except printing)--are classified in U.S. Industry 561439, Other Business 

Service Centers (including Copy Shops); and 

 Providing document copying services in combination with printing services, with or without a 

range of other office support services, and establishments known as quick or digital printers--are 

classified in Industry 32311, Printing. 

56142 Telephone Call Centers 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in answering telephone calls and relaying 

messages to clients and (2) establishments primarily engaged in providing telemarketing services on a 

contract or fee basis for others, such as promoting clients' products or services by telephone; taking orders 

for clients by telephone; and soliciting contributions or providing information for clients by telephone. 

Telemarketing establishments never own the product or provide the service that they are representing and 

generally can originate and/or receive calls for others. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing paging and beeper transmission services--are classified in Industry 51721, Wireless 

Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite); 

 Organizing and conducting fundraising campaigns on a contract or fee basis, that may include 

telephone solicitation services--are classified in Industry 56149, Other Business Support Services; 

and 

 Gathering, recording, tabulating, and presenting marketing and public opinion data, that may 

include telephone canvassing services--are classified in Industry 54191, Marketing Research and 

Public Opinion Polling. 

561421 Telephone Answering Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in answering telephone calls and relaying 

messages to clients. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing paging or beeper transmission services are classified in 

Industry 517210,Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite). 

561422 Telemarketing Bureaus and Other Contact Centers MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating call centers that initiate or 

receive communications for others-via telephone, facsimile, email, or other communication modes-for 

purposes such as: (1) promoting clients' products or services, (2) taking orders for clients, (3) soliciting 

contributions for a client; and (4) providing information or assistance regarding a client's products or 

services. These establishments do not own the product or provide the services they are representing on 

behalf of clients. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Answering telephone calls and relaying messages to clients--are classified in U.S. Industry 

561421, Telephone Answering Services; 

 Organizing and conducting fundraising campaigns on a contract or fee basis, that may include 

telephone solicitation services--are classified in U.S. Industry 561499, All Other Business Support 

Services; and 
 Gathering, recording, tabulating, and presenting marketing and public opinion data, that may 

include telephone canvassing services--are classified in Industry 541910, Marketing Research and 

Public Opinion Polling. 

56143 Business Service Centers 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in providing mailbox rental and other 

postal and mailing services (except direct mail advertising); (2) establishments, generally known as copy 

centers or shops, primarily engaged in providing photocopying, duplicating, blueprinting, and other 

document copying services without also providing printing services (i.e., offset printing, quick printing, 

digital printing, prepress services); and (3) establishments that provide a range of office support services 

(except printing services), such as mailing services, document copying services, facsimile services, word 

processing services, on-site PC rental services, and office product sales. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating contract post offices--are classified in Industry 49111, Postal Service; 

 Delivering letters and parcels (except under a universal service obligation)--are classified in 

Subsector 492, Couriers and Messengers; 

 Providing voice mailbox services--are classified in Industry 56142, Telephone Call Centers; 

 Providing direct mail advertising services--are classified in Industry 54186, Direct Mail 

Advertising; 

 Providing full service office space, whether on a lease or service contract basis--are classified in 

Industry 53112, Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses); 

 Providing document copying services in combination with printing services, with or without a 

range of other office support services, and establishments known as quick or digital printers--are 

classified in Industry 32311, Printing; and 

 Providing only one of the support services (e.g., word processing services) that establishments in 

this industry provide--are classified in the appropriate industry according to the service provided. 

561431 Private Mail Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in providing mailbox rental and other 

postal and mailing (except direct mail advertising) services or (2) establishments engaged in providing 

these mailing services along with one or more other office support services, such as facsimile services, 

word processing services, on-site PC rental services, and office product sales. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating contract post offices--are classified in Industry 491110, Postal Service; 

 Delivering letters and parcels (except under a universal service obligation)--are classified in 

Subsector 492, Couriers and Messengers; 

 Providing voice mailbox services--are classified in U.S. Industry 561421, Telephone Answering 

Services; 

 Providing direct mail advertising services--are classified in Industry 541860, Direct Mail 

Advertising; 

 Providing only one of the support services (e.g., word processing services) that establishments in 

this industry provide--are classified in the appropriate industry according to the service provided; 

and 

 Providing full service office space, whether on a lease or service contract basis--are classified in 

Industry 531120, Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses). 

561439 Other Business Service Centers (including Copy Shops) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments generally known as copy centers or shops primarily 

engaged in providing photocopying, duplicating, blueprinting, and other document copying services, 
without also providing printing services (e.g., offset printing, quick printing, digital printing, prepress 

services) and (2) establishments (except private mail centers) engaged in providing a range of office 

support services (except printing services), such as document copying services, facsimile services, word 

processing services, on-site PC rental services, and office product sales. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments engaged in providing document copying services in combination with printing 

services, with or without a range of other office support services, and establishments known as 

quick or digital printers are classified in Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Establishments engaged in providing mailbox rental and other postal and mailing services with or 

without one or more other office support services (except printing) are classified in U.S. Industry 

561431, Private Mail Centers; 

 Establishments exclusively engaged in providing a single office support service (except document 

copying) to clients, but not the range of office support services that establishments in this industry 

may provide, are classified according to the service provided; and 

 Establishments engaged in providing full service office space, whether on a lease or service 

contract basis, are classified in Industry 531120, Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except 

Miniwarehouses). 

56144 Collection Agencies 

 See industry description for 561440 below. 

 

561440 Collection Agencies 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in collecting payments for claims and 

remitting payments collected to their clients. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Account or delinquent account collection services 

Tax collection services on a contract or fee basis 

Bill or debt collection services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repossessing tangible assets--are classified in U.S. Industry 561491, Repossession Services; and 

 Providing financing to others by factoring accounts receivables (i.e., assuming the risk of 

collection and credit losses)--are classified in U.S. Industry 522298, All Other Nondepository 

Credit Intermediation. 

56145 Credit Bureaus 

 See industry description for 561450 below. 

 

561450 Credit Bureaus 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in compiling information, such as credit and 

employment histories on individuals and credit histories on businesses, and providing the information to 

financial institutions, retailers, and others who have a need to evaluate the creditworthiness of these persons 

and businesses. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Credit agencies 

Credit rating services 

Credit investigation services 
Credit reporting bureaus 

56149 Other Business Support Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing business support services (except 

secretarial and other document preparation services; telephone answering or telemarketing services; private 

mail services or document copying services conducted as separate activities or in conjunction with other 

office support services; monetary debt collection services; and credit reporting services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Address bar coding services 

Mail presorting services 

Bar code imprinting services 

Real-time (i.e., simultaneous) closed captioning of live television performances, meetings, conferences 

Court reporting services 

Repossession services 

Fundraising organization services on a contract or fee basis 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing secretarial and other document preparation services--are classified in Industry 56141, 

Document Preparation Services; 

 Providing telephone answering or telemarketing services--are classified in Industry 56142, 

Telephone Call Centers; 

 Providing private mail services; document copying services (except printing services); and/or a 

range of office support services (except printing)--are classified in Industry 56143, Business 

Service Centers; 

 Providing document copying services in combination with printing services, with or without a 

range of other office support services, and establishments known as quick or digital printers--are 

classified in Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Providing monetary debt collection services--are classified in Industry 56144, Collection 

Agencies; 

 Providing credit reporting services--are classified in Industry 56145, Credit Bureaus; and 

 Providing film or tape captioning or subtitling services--are classified in Industry 51219, 

Postproduction Services and Other Motion Picture and Video Industries. 

561491 Repossession Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repossessing tangible assets (e.g., 

automobiles, boats, equipment, planes, furniture, appliances) for the creditor as a result of delinquent debts. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing monetary debt collection services are classified in 

Industry 561440, Collection Agencies. 

561492 Court Reporting and Stenotype Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing verbatim reporting and 

stenotype recording of live legal proceedings and transcribing subsequent recorded materials. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Court reporting or stenotype recording services 

Real-time (i.e., simultaneous) closed captioning of live television performances, meetings, conferences 
Public stenography services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing stenotype recording of correspondence, reports, and other documents or in providing 

document transcription services--are classified in Industry 561410, Document Preparation 

Services; and 

 Providing film or tape captioning or subtitling services--are classified in U.S. Industry 512191, 

Teleproduction and Other Postproduction Services. 

561499 All Other Business Support Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing business support services 

(except secretarial and other document preparation services; telephone answering and telemarketing 

services; private mail services or document copying services conducted as separate activities or in 

conjunction with other office support services; monetary debt collection services; credit reporting services; 

repossession services; and court reporting and stenotype recording services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Address bar coding services 

Fundraising organization services on a contract or fee basis 

Bar code imprinting services 

Mail presorting services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing secretarial and other document preparation services--are classified in Industry 561410, 

Document Preparation Services; 

 Providing telephone answering or telemarketing services--are classified in Industry 56142, 

Telephone Call Centers; 

 Providing private mail services, document copying services without printing services and/or a 

range of office support services--are classified in Industry 56143, Business Service Centers; 

 Providing document copying services in combination with printing services (with or without one 

or more other office support services) and establishments known as quick or digital printers--are 

classified in Industry 32311, Printing; 

 Providing monetary debt collection services--are classified in Industry 561440, Collection 

Agencies; 

 Providing credit reporting services--are classified in Industry 561450, Credit Bureaus; 

 Providing repossession services--are classified in U.S. Industry 561491, Repossession Services; 

and 

 Providing court reporting and stenotype services--are classified in U.S. Industry 561492, Court 

Reporting and Stenotype Services. 

5615 Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services 

56151 Travel Agencies 

 See industry description for 561510 below. 

 

561510 Travel Agencies 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in acting as agents in selling travel, tour, and 

accommodation services to the general public and commercial clients. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Arranging and assembling tours that they generally sell through travel agencies or on their own 

account--are classified in Industry 561520, Tour Operators; 

 Providing guide services, such as archeological, museum, tourist, hunting, or fishing--are 

classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; and 

 Providing reservation services (e.g., accommodations, entertainment events, travel)--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 561599, All Other Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services. 

56152 Tour Operators 

 See industry description for 561520 below. 

561520 Tour Operators 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in arranging and assembling tours. The tours 

are sold through travel agencies or tour operators. Travel or wholesale tour operators are included in this 

industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Acting as agents in selling travel, tour, and accommodation services to the general public and 

commercial clients--are classified in Industry 561510, Travel Agencies; 

 Conducting scenic and sightseeing tours--are classified in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing 

Transportation; and 

 Providing guide services, such as archeological, museum, tourist, hunting, or fishing--are 

classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries. 

56159 Other Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services 

 This industry comprises establishments (except travel agencies and tour operators) primarily engaged in 

providing travel arrangement and reservation services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Condominium time-share exchange services 

Road and travel services automobile clubs 

Convention or visitors bureaus 

Ticket (e.g., airline, bus, cruise ship, sports, theatrical) offices 

Reservation (e.g., airline, car rental, hotel, restaurant) services 

Ticket (e.g., amusement, sports, theatrical) agencies 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in arranging the rental of vacation properties are classified in 

Industry 53121, Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers; 

 Travel agencies are classified in Industry 56151, Travel Agencies; 

 Tour operators are classified in Industry 56152, Tour Operators; 

 Automobile clubs (i.e., enthusiasts' clubs) (except road and travel services) are classified in 

Industry 81341, Civic and Social Organizations; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing events, such as 

business and trade shows, conventions, conferences, and meetings (whether or not they manage 

and provide the staff to operate the facilities in which these events take place), are classified in 

Industry 56192, Convention and Trade Show Organizers. 

561591 Convention and Visitors Bureaus US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in marketing and promoting communities 

and facilities to businesses and leisure travelers through a range of activities, such as assisting organizations 
in locating meeting and convention sites; providing travel information on area attractions, lodging 

accommodations, restaurants; providing maps; and organizing group tours of local historical, recreational, 

and cultural attractions. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing events, such as business 

and trade shows, conventions, conferences, and meetings (whether or not they manage and provide the staff 

to operate the facilities in which these events take place) are classified in Industry 561920, Convention and 

Trade Show Organizers. 

561599 All Other Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except travel agencies, tour operators, and convention and 

visitors bureaus) primarily engaged in providing travel arrangement and reservation services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Condominium time-share exchange services 

Ticket (e.g., airline, bus, cruise ship, sports, theatrical) offices 

Reservation (e.g., airline, car rental, hotel, restaurant) services 

Ticket (e.g., amusement, sports, theatrical) agencies 

Road and travel services automobile clubs 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in arranging the rental of vacation properties are classified in 

Industry 531210, Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers; 

 Travel agencies are classified in Industry 561510, Travel Agencies; 

 Tour operators are classified in Industry 561520, Tour Operators; 

 Convention and visitors bureaus are classified in U.S. Industry 561591, Convention and Visitors 

Bureaus; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing events, such as 

business and trade shows, conventions, conferences, and meetings (whether or not they manage 

and provide the staff to operate the facilities in which these events take place) are classified in 

Industry 561920, Convention and Trade Show Organizers; and 

 Automobile clubs (i.e., enthusiasts' clubs) (except road and travel services) are classified in 

Industry 813410, Civic and Social Organizations. 

5616 Investigation and Security Services 

56161 Investigation, Guard, and Armored Car Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing one or more of the following: (1) 

investigation and detective services; (2) guard and patrol services; and (3) picking up and delivering 

money, receipts, or other valuable items with personnel and equipment to protect such properties while in 

transit. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Armored car services 

Private detective services 

Bodyguard services 

Security guard services 

Polygraph services 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing credit checks--are classified in Industry 56145, Credit Bureaus; and 

 Selling, installing, monitoring, and maintaining security systems and devices (e.g., burglar and fire 

alarm systems)--are classified in Industry 56162, Security Systems Services. 

561611 Investigation Services CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing investigation and detective 

services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fingerprinting services 

Private detective services 

Polygraph services 

Private investigative services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing credit checks are classified in Industry 561450, Credit 

Bureaus. 

561612 Security Guards and Patrol Services CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing guard and patrol services, 

such as bodyguard, guard dog, and parking security services. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in selling, installing, monitoring, and maintaining security systems and 

devices, such as burglar and fire alarms and locking devices, are classified in Industry 56162, Security 

Systems Services. 

561613 Armored Car Services CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in picking up and delivering money, 

receipts, or other valuable items. These establishments maintain personnel and equipment to protect such 

properties while in transit. 

56162 Security Systems Services 

 This industry comprises establishments engaged in (1) selling security systems, such as burglar and fire 

alarms and locking devices, along with installation, repair, or monitoring services or (2) remote monitoring 

of electronic security alarm systems. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling security systems for buildings without installation, repair, or monitoring services--are 

classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; 

 Retailing motor vehicle security systems with or without installation or repair services--are 

classified in Industry 44131, Automotive Parts and Accessories Stores; and 

 Providing key duplication services--are classified in Industry 81149, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

561621 Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths) CAN 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) selling security alarm systems, such 

as burglar and fire alarms, along with installation, repair, or monitoring services or (2) remote monitoring 

of electronic security alarm systems. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling security alarm systems for buildings, without installation, repair, or monitoring services--

are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; and 

 Retailing motor vehicle security systems with or without installation or repair services--are 

classified in Industry 441310, Automotive Parts and Accessories Stores. 

561622 Locksmiths CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) selling mechanical or electronic 

locking devices, safes, and security vaults, along with installation, repair, rebuilding, or adjusting services 

or (2) installing, repairing, rebuilding, and adjusting mechanical or electronic locking devices, safes, and 

security vaults. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling security systems, such as locking devices, safes, and vaults, without installation or 

maintenance services--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; 

and 

 Providing key duplication services--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

5617 Services to Buildings and Dwellings 

56171 Exterminating and Pest Control Services 

 See industry description for 561710 below. 

 

561710 Exterminating and Pest Control Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in exterminating and controlling birds, 

mosquitoes, rodents, termites, and other insects and pests (except for crop production and forestry 

production). Establishments providing fumigation services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing pest control for crop or forestry production are classified 

in Subsector 115, Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry. 

56172 Janitorial Services 

 See industry description for 561720 below. 

561720 Janitorial Services MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cleaning building interiors, interiors of 

transportation equipment (e.g., aircraft, rail cars, ships), and/or windows. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Custodial services 

Service station cleaning and degreasing services 

Housekeeping (i.e., cleaning) services 
Washroom sanitation services 

Maid (i.e., cleaning) services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cleaning building exteriors (except sandblasting and window cleaning) or chimneys--are classified 

in Industry 561790, Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; and 

 Sandblasting building exteriors--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade 

Contractors. 

56173 Landscaping Services 

 See industry description for 561730 below. 

561730 Landscaping Services 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in providing landscape care and 

maintenance services and/or installing trees, shrubs, plants, lawns, or gardens and (2) establishments 

primarily engaged in providing these services along with the design of landscape plans and/or the 

construction (i.e., installation) of walkways, retaining walls, decks, fences, ponds, and similar structures. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing artificial turf or in constructing (i.e., installing) walkways, retaining walls, decks, fences, 

ponds, or similar structures--are classified in Sector 23, Construction; 

 Planning and designing the development of land areas for projects, such as parks and other 

recreational areas; airports; highways; hospitals; schools; land subdivisions; and commercial, 

industrial, and residential areas (without also installing trees, shrubs, plants, lawns/gardens, 

walkways, retaining walls, decks, and similar items or structures)--are classified in Industry 

541320, Landscape Architectural Services; and 

 Retailing landscaping materials and providing the installation and maintenance of these materials--

are classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. 

56174 Carpet and Upholstery Cleaning Services 

 See industry description for 561740 below. 

561740 Carpet and Upholstery Cleaning Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cleaning and dyeing used rugs, carpets, and 

upholstery. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Rug repair not associated with rug cleaning--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Reupholstering and repairing furniture--are classified in Industry 811420, Reupholstery and 

Furniture Repair. 

56179 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings 

 See industry description for 561790 below. 

561790 Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing services to buildings and 

dwellings (except exterminating and pest control; janitorial; landscaping care and maintenance; and carpet 

and upholstery cleaning). 
Illustrative Examples: 

Building exterior cleaning services (except sandblasting and window cleaning) 

Swimming pool cleaning and maintenance services 

Chimney cleaning services 

Ventilation duct cleaning services 

Drain or gutter cleaning services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing exterminating and pest control services--are classified in Industry 561710, 

Exterminating and Pest Control Services; 

 Providing janitorial services--are classified in Industry 561720, Janitorial Services; 

 Providing landscaping care and maintenance--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping 

Services; 

 Providing carpet and upholstery cleaning services--are classified in Industry 561740, Carpet and 

Upholstery Cleaning Services; and 

 Sandblasting building exteriors--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade 

Contractors. 

5619 Other Support Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing day-to-day business and 

other organizational support services (except office administrative services; facilities support services; 

employment services; business support services; travel arrangement and reservation services; security and 

investigation services; and services to buildings and dwellings). 

56191 Packaging and Labeling Services 

 See industry description for 561910 below. 

561910 Packaging and Labeling Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in packaging client-owned materials. The 

services may include labeling and/or imprinting the package. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Apparel and textile folding and packaging services 

Kit assembling and packaging services 

Blister packaging services 

Shrink-wrapping services 

Gift wrapping services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Processing client-owned materials into a different product, such as mixing water and concentrate 

to produce soft drinks--are classified in Sector 31-33, Manufacturing; 

 Providing aerosol packaging services--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; 

 Providing packing and crating services incidental to transportation--are classified in U.S. Industry 

488991, Packing and Crating; 

 Providing warehousing services, as well as packaging or other logistics services--are classified in 

Industry Group 4931, Warehousing and Storage; and 

 Providing packing and crating services for agricultural products--are classified in U.S. Industry 

115114, Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning). 
56192 Convention and Trade Show Organizers 

 See industry description for 561920 below. 

561920 Convention and Trade Show Organizers 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing 

events, such as business and trade shows, conventions, conferences, and meetings (whether or not they 

manage and provide the staff to operate the facilities in which these events take place). 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing live performing arts 

productions, sports events, and similar events, such as festivals (whether or not they manage and provide 

the staff to operate the facilities in which these events take place), are classified in Industry Group 7113, 

Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events. 

56199 All Other Support Services 

 See industry description for 561990 below. 

561990 All Other Support Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing day-to-day business and other 

organizational support services (except office administrative services, facilities support services, 

employment services, business support services, travel arrangement and reservation services, security and 

investigation services, services to buildings and other structures, packaging and labeling services, and 

convention and trade show organizing services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bartering services 

Flagging (i.e., traffic control) services 

Bottle exchanges 

Float decorating services 

Cloth cutting, bolting, or winding for the trade 

Inventory taking services 

Contract meter reading services 

Lumber grading services 

Diving services on a contract or fee basis 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing office administrative services--are classified in Industry 561110, Office Administrative 

Services; 

 Providing facilities support services--are classified in Industry 561210, Facilities Support 

Services; 

 Providing employment services--are classified in Industry Group 5613, Employment Services; 

 Providing business support services--are classified in Industry Group 5614, Business Support 

Services; 

 Providing travel arrangement and reservation services--are classified in Industry Group 5615, 

Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services; 

 Providing security and investigation services--are classified in Industry Group 5616, Investigation 

and Security Services; 

 Providing services to buildings and other structures--are classified in Industry Group 5617, 

Services to Buildings and Dwellings; 

 Providing packaging and labeling services--are classified in Industry 561910, Packaging and 

Labeling Services; and 
 Organizing, promoting, and/or managing conferences, conventions, and trade shows (whether or 

not they manage and provide the staff to operate the facilities in which these events take place)--

are classified in Industry 561920, Convention and Trade Show Organizers. 

562 Waste Management and Remediation Services 

 Industries in the Waste Management and Remediation Services subsector group establishments engaged 

in the collection, treatment, and disposal of waste materials. This includes establishments engaged in local 

hauling of waste materials; operating materials recovery facilities (i.e., those that sort recyclable materials 

from the trash stream); providing remediation services (i.e., those that provide for the cleanup of 

contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water); and providing septic pumping and other 

miscellaneous waste management services. There are three industry groups within the subsector that 

separate these activities into waste collection, waste treatment and disposal, and remediation and other 

waste management. 

 Excluded from this subsector are establishments primarily engaged in collecting, treating, and disposing 

waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities that are classified in Industry 22132, Sewage 

Treatment Facilities and establishments primarily engaged in long-distance hauling of waste materials that 

are classified in Industry 48423, Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance. Also, 

there are some activities that appear to be related to waste management, but that are not included in this 

subsector. For example, establishments primarily engaged in providing waste management consulting 

services are classified in Industry 54162, Environmental Consulting Services. 

5621 Waste Collection CAN 

56211 Waste Collection CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) collecting and/or hauling hazardous 

waste, nonhazardous waste, and/or recyclable materials within a local area and/or (2) operating hazardous 

or nonhazardous waste transfer stations. Hazardous waste collection establishments may be responsible for 

the identification, treatment, packaging, and labeling of waste for the purposes of transport. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Long-distance trucking of waste--are classified in Industry 48423, Specialized Freight (except 

Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Operating facilities for separating and sorting recyclable materials from nonhazardous waste 

streams (i.e., garbage) and/or for sorting commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, 

and metal cans, into distinct categories--are classified in Industry 56292, Materials Recovery 

Facilities; and 

 Collecting and/or hauling in combination with disposal of waste materials--are classified in 

Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal. 

562111 Solid Waste Collection US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

collecting and/or hauling nonhazardous solid waste (i.e., garbage) within a local area; (2) operating 

nonhazardous solid waste transfer stations; and (3) collecting and/or hauling mixed recyclable materials 

within a local area. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Long-distance trucking of waste--are classified in Industry 484230, Specialized Freight (except 

Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Collecting and/or hauling in combination with disposal of nonhazardous waste materials--are 

classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal; 
 Collecting and/or hauling hazardous waste within a local area and/or operating hazardous waste 

transfer stations—are classified in U.S. Industry 562112, Hazardous Waste Collection; 

 Collecting and removing debris, such as brush or rubble, within a local area--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 562119, Other Waste Collection; and 

 Operating facilities for separating and sorting recyclable materials from nonhazardous waste 

streams (i.e., garbage) and/or for sorting commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, 

and metal cans, into distinct categories--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery 

Facilities. 

562112 Hazardous Waste Collection US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in collecting and/or hauling hazardous 

waste within a local area and/or operating hazardous waste transfer stations. Hazardous waste collection 

establishments may be responsible for the identification, treatment, packaging, and labeling of waste for the 

purposes of transport. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Long-distance trucking of waste--are classified in Industry 484230, Specialized Freight (except 

Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Collecting and/or hauling in combination with disposal of hazardous waste materials--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 562211, Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Collecting and/or hauling nonhazardous solid waste (i.e., garbage) and/or recyclable materials 

within a local area and/or operating nonhazardous solid waste transfer stations--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 562111, Solid Waste Collection; and 

 Collecting and removing debris, such as brush or rubble, within a local area--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 562119, Other Waste Collection. 

562119 Other Waste Collection US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in collecting and/or hauling waste (except 

nonhazardous solid waste and hazardous waste) within a local area. Establishments engaged in brush or 

rubble removal services are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Long-distance trucking of waste--are classified in Industry 484230, Specialized Freight (except 

Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Collecting and/or hauling in combination with disposal of waste materials--are classified in 

Industry Group 5622, Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Collecting and/or hauling nonhazardous solid waste (i.e., garbage) or mixed recyclable materials 

within a local area or operating nonhazardous solid waste transfer stations--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 562111, Solid Waste Collection; 

 Collecting and/or hauling hazardous waste within a local area or operating hazardous waste 

transfer stations--are classified in U.S. Industry 562112, Hazardous Waste Collection; and 

 Operating facilities for separating and sorting recyclable materials from nonhazardous waste 

streams (i.e., garbage) and/or for sorting commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, 

and metal cans, into distinct categories--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery 

Facilities. 

5622 Waste Treatment and Disposal CAN 

56221 Waste Treatment and Disposal CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating waste treatment or disposal 

facilities (except sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities) or (2) the combined activity of collecting 
and/or hauling of waste materials within a local area and operating waste treatment or disposal facilities. 

Waste combustors or incinerators (including those that may produce byproducts, such as electricity), solid 

waste landfills, and compost dumps are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 22132, Sewage Treatment Facilities; and 

 Manufacturing compost--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing. 

562211 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating treatment and/or disposal 

facilities for hazardous waste or (2) the combined activity of collecting and/or hauling of hazardous waste 

materials within a local area and operating treatment or disposal facilities for hazardous waste. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating landfills for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562212, Solid Waste Landfill; 

 Operating combustors and incinerators for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 562213, Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment Facilities; and 

 Operating nonhazardous waste treatment and disposal facilities (except landfills, combustors, 

incinerators, and sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562219, Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal. 

562212 Solid Waste Landfill US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating landfills for the disposal 

of nonhazardous solid waste or (2) the combined activity of collecting and/or hauling nonhazardous waste 

materials within a local area and operating landfills for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating treatment and/or disposal facilities for hazardous waste--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562211, Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Operating combustors and incinerators for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 562213, Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment Facilities; 

 Operating nonhazardous waste treatment and disposal facilities (except landfills, combustors, 

incinerators, and sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562219, Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; and 

 Manufacturing compost--are classified in U.S. Industry 325314, Fertilizer (Mixing Only) 

Manufacturing. 

562213 Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating combustors and incinerators 

for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste. These establishments may produce byproducts, such as 

electricity and steam. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Operating treatment and/or disposal facilities for hazardous waste--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562211, Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Operating landfills for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562212, Solid Waste Landfill; 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment Facilities; and 

 Operating nonhazardous waste treatment and disposal facilities (except landfills, combustors, 

incinerators, and sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562219, Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal. 

562219 Other Nonhazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating nonhazardous waste 

treatment and disposal facilities (except landfills, combustors, incinerators and sewer systems or sewage 

treatment facilities) or (2) the combined activity of collecting and/or hauling of nonhazardous waste 

materials within a local area and operating waste treatment or disposal facilities (except landfills, 

combustors, incinerators and sewer systems, or sewage treatment facilities). Compost dumps are included 

in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating landfills for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste--are classified in U.S. Industry 

562212, Solid Waste Landfill; 

 Operating combustors and incinerators for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste--are classified 

in U.S. Industry 562213, Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment Facilities; and 

 Manufacturing compost--are classified in U.S. Industry 325314, Fertilizer (Mixing Only) 

Manufacturing. 

5629 Remediation and Other Waste Management Services CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in remediation and other waste 

management services (except waste collection, waste treatment and disposal, and waste management 

consulting services). 

56291 Remediation Services CAN 

 See industry description for 562910 below. 

562910 Remediation Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

remediation and cleanup of contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water; (2) integrated mine 

reclamation activities, including demolition, soil remediation, waste water treatment, hazardous material 

removal, contouring land, and revegetation; and (3) asbestos, lead paint, and other toxic material 

abatement. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Developing remedial action plans--are classified in Industry 541620, Environmental Consulting 

Services; 

 Excavating soil--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; 

 Individual activities as part of a reclamation or remediation project--are classified according to the 

primary activity; 

 Building modifications to alleviate radon gas--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other 

Specialty Trade Contractors; and 
 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste water through sewer systems or sewage treatment 

facilities--are classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment Facilities. 

56292 Materials Recovery Facilities CAN 

 See industry description for 562920 below. 

562920 Materials Recovery Facilities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating facilities for separating and 

sorting recyclable materials from nonhazardous waste streams (i.e., garbage) and/or (2) operating facilities 

where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted 

into distinct categories. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in merchant wholesaling automotive, industrial, and other recyclable 

materials are classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers. 

56299 All Other Waste Management Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in waste management services (except waste 

collection, waste treatment and disposal, remediation, operation of materials recovery facilities, and waste 

management consulting services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Beach cleaning and maintenance services 

Pumping (i.e., cleaning) cesspools, portable toilets, or septic tanks 

Cesspool cleaning services 

Sewer cleaning and rodding services 

Portable toilet renting and/or servicing 

Sewer or storm basin cleanout services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Collecting and/or hauling waste within a local area--are classified in Industry 56211, Waste 

Collection; 

 Long-distance trucking of waste--are classified in Industry 48423, Specialized Freight (except 

Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Operating treatment or disposal facilities (except sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities) for 

waste--are classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 22132, Sewage Treatment Facilities; 

 Remediation and cleanup of contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water--are 

classified in Industry 56291, Remediation Services; 

 Operating facilities for separating and sorting recyclable materials from nonhazardous waste 

streams (i.e., garbage) or where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, and 

metal cans are sorted into distinct categories--are classified in Industry 56292, Materials Recovery 

Facilities; 

 Installing septic tanks--are classified in Industry 23891, Site Preparation Contractors; and 

 Providing waste management consulting services, such as developing remedial action plans--are 

classified in Industry 54162, Environmental Consulting Services. 

562991 Septic Tank and Related Services US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) pumping (i.e., cleaning) septic 

tanks and cesspools and/or (2) renting and/or servicing portable toilets. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing septic tanks--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; and 

 Cleaning and rodding sewers and catch basins--are classified in U.S. Industry 562998, All Other 

Miscellaneous Waste Management Services. 

562998 All Other Miscellaneous Waste Management Services US 

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing waste management services 

(except waste collection, waste treatment and disposal, remediation, operation of materials recovery 

facilities, septic tank pumping and related services, and waste management consulting services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Beach cleaning and maintenance services 

Sewer or storm basin cleanout services 

Catch basin cleaning services 

Tank cleaning and disposal services, commercial or industrial 

Sewer cleaning and rodding services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Collecting and/or hauling waste within a local area--are classified in Industry 56211, Waste 

Collection; 

 Long-distance trucking of waste--are classified in Industry 484230, Specialized Freight (except 

Used Goods) Trucking, Long-Distance; 

 Operating treatment or disposal facilities (except sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities) for 

waste--are classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal; 

 Collecting, treating, and disposing waste through sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities--are 

classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment Facilities; 

 The remediation and cleanup of contaminated buildings, mine sites, soil, or ground water--are 

classified in Industry 562910, Remediation Services; 

 Operating facilities for separating and sorting recyclable materials from nonhazardous waste 

streams (i.e., garbage) or for sorting commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, and 

metal cans, into distinct categories--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery 

Facilities; 

 Pumping (i.e., cleaning) cesspools, portable toilets, and septic tanks or renting portable toilets--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 562991, Septic Tank and Related Services; and 

 Providing waste management consulting services, such as developing remedial action plans--are 

classified in Industry 541620, Environmental Consulting Services. 
Sector 61--Educational Services 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Educational Services sector comprises establishments that provide instruction and training in a wide 

variety of subjects. This instruction and training is provided by specialized establishments, such as schools, 

colleges, universities, and training centers. These establishments may be privately owned and operated for 

profit or not for profit, or they may be publicly owned and operated. They may also offer food and/or 

accommodation services to their students. 

 Educational services are usually delivered by teachers or instructors that explain, tell, demonstrate, 

supervise, and direct learning. Instruction is imparted in diverse settings, such as educational institutions, 

the workplace, or the home, and through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the Internet, or 

other electronic and distance-learning methods. The training provided by these establishments may include 

the use of simulators and simulation methods. It can be adapted to the particular needs of the students, for 

example sign language can replace verbal language for teaching students with hearing impairments. All 

industries in the sector share this commonality of process, namely, labor inputs of instructors with the 

requisite subject matter expertise and teaching ability. 

611 Educational Services 

 Industries in the Educational Services subsector provide instruction and training in a wide variety of 

subjects. The instruction and training is provided by specialized establishments, such as schools, colleges, 

universities, and training centers. 

 The subsector is structured according to level and type of educational services. Elementary and 

secondary schools, junior colleges and colleges, universities, and professional schools correspond to a 

recognized series of formal levels of education designated by diplomas, associate degrees (including 

equivalent certificates), and degrees. The remaining industry groups are based more on the type of 

instruction or training offered and the levels are not always as formally defined. The establishments are 

often highly specialized, many offering instruction in a very limited subject matter, for example ski lessons 

or one specific computer software package. Within the sector, the level and types of training that are 

required of the instructors and teachers vary depending on the industry. 

 Establishments that manage schools and other educational establishments on a contractual basis are 

classified in this subsector if they both manage the operation and provide the operating staff. Such 

establishments are classified in the educational services subsector based on the type of facility managed and 

operated. 

6111 Elementary and Secondary Schools 

61111 Elementary and Secondary Schools CAN 

 See industry description for 611110 below. 

611110 Elementary and Secondary Schools CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic courses and associated 

course work that comprise a basic preparatory education. A basic preparatory education ordinarily 

constitutes kindergarten through 12th grade. This industry includes school boards and school districts. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Elementary schools 

Parochial schools, elementary or secondary 

High schools 

Primary schools 

Kindergartens 

Schools for the physically disabled, elementary or secondary 
Military academies, elementary or secondary 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing preschool or prekindergarten education are 

classified in Industry 624410, Child Day Care Services; and 

 Military academies, college level are classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities, and 

Professional Schools. 

6112 Junior Colleges 

61121 Junior Colleges

 See industry description for 611210 below. 

611210 Junior Colleges CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic, or academic and 

technical, courses and granting associate degrees, certificates, or diplomas below the baccalaureate level. 

The requirement for admission to an associate or equivalent degree program is at least a high school 

diploma or equivalent general academic training. Instruction may be provided in diverse settings, such as 

the establishment's or client's training facilities, educational institutions, the workplace, or the home, and 

through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the Internet, or other electronic and distancelearning methods. The training provided by these establishments may include the use of simulators and 

simulation methods. 

6113 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools 

61131 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools

 See industry description for 611310 below. 

611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic courses and granting 

degrees at baccalaureate or graduate levels. The requirement for admission is at least a high school 

diploma or equivalent general academic training. Instruction may be provided in diverse settings, such as 

the establishment's or client's training facilities, educational institutions, the workplace, or the home, and 

through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the Internet, or other electronic and distancelearning methods. The training provided by these establishments may include the use of simulators and 

simulation methods. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Colleges (except junior colleges) 

Theological seminaries offering baccalaureate or graduate degrees 

Military academies, college level 

Universities 

Professional schools (e.g., business administration, dental, law, medical) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic, or academic and technical, courses and 

granting associate degrees, certificates, or diplomas below the baccalaureate level are classified in Industry 

611210, Junior Colleges. 

6114 Business Schools and Computer and Management Training 
61141 Business and Secretarial Schools 

 See industry description for 611410 below. 

611410 Business and Secretarial Schools CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering courses in office procedures and 

secretarial and stenographic skills and may offer courses in basic office skills, such as word processing. In 

addition, these establishments may offer such classes as office machine operation, reception, 

communications, and other skills designed for individuals pursuing a clerical or secretarial career. 

Instruction may be provided in diverse settings, such as the establishment's or client's training facilities, 

educational institutions, the workplace, or the home, and through diverse means, such as correspondence, 

television, the Internet, or other electronic and distance-learning methods. The training provided by these 

establishments may include the use of simulators and simulation methods. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering computer training (except computer repair)--are classified in Industry 611420, Computer 

Training; 

 Offering academic degrees (e.g., baccalaureate, graduate level) in business education--are 

classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; and 

 Offering training in the maintenance and repair of computers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

611519, Other Technical and Trade Schools. 

61142 Computer Training 

 See industry description for 611420 below. 

611420 Computer Training CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting computer training (except 

computer repair), such as computer programming, software packages, computerized business systems, 

computer electronics technology, computer operations, and local area network management. Instruction 

may be provided in diverse settings, such as the establishment's or client's training facilities, educational 

institutions, the workplace, or the home, and through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the 

Internet, or other electronic and distance-learning methods. The training provided by these establishments 

may include the use of simulators and simulation methods. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering training in the maintenance and repair of computers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

611519, Other Technical and Trade Schools; and 

 Computer retailing, wholesaling, or computer system designing that may also provide computer 

training--are classified in their appropriate industries. 

61143 Professional and Management Development Training 

 See industry description for 611430 below. 

611430 Professional and Management Development Training CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering an array of short duration courses 

and seminars for management and professional development. Training for career development may be 

provided directly to individuals or through employers' training programs; and courses may be customized 

or modified to meet the special needs of customers. Instruction may be provided in diverse settings, such 

as the establishment's or client's training facilities, educational institutions, the workplace, or the home, and 

through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the Internet, or other electronic and distancelearning methods. The training provided by these establishments may include the use of simulators and 

simulation methods. 
Cross-References. 

 Advising clients on human resource and training issues without providing the training--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 541612, Human Resources Consulting Services; and 

 Offering academic degrees (e.g., baccalaureate, graduate level)--are classified in Industry 611310, 

Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools. 

6115 Technical and Trade Schools 

 

61151 Technical and Trade Schools 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering vocational and technical training in 

a variety of technical subjects and trades. The training often leads to job-specific certification. Instruction 

may be provided in diverse settings, such as the establishment's or client's training facilities, educational 

institutions, the workplace, or the home, and through diverse means, such as correspondence, television, the 

Internet, or other electronic and distance-learning methods. The training provided by these establishments 

may include the use of simulators and simulation methods. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Apprenticeship training programs 

Graphic arts schools 

Aviation and flight training instruction schools 

Modeling schools 

Computer repair training 

Nursing schools (except academic) 

Cosmetology schools 

Real estate schools 

Electronic equipment repair training 

Truck driving schools 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering courses in office procedures and secretarial and stenographic skills--are classified in 

Industry 61141, Business and Secretarial Schools; 

 Offering computer training (except computer repair)--are classified in Industry 61142, Computer 

Training; 

 Offering professional and management development training--are classified in Industry 61143, 

Professional and Management Development Training; 

 Offering academic courses that may also offer technical and trade courses--are classified 

according to the type of school; 

 Specialty air transportation services which may also provide flight training--are classified in 

Industry 48121, Nonscheduled Air Transportation; and 

 Offering registered nursing training--are classified in Industry 61121, Junior Colleges or Industry 

61131, Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools. 

611511 Cosmetology and Barber Schools US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering training in barbering, hair 

styling, or the cosmetic arts, such as makeup or skin care. These schools provide job-specific certification. 

611512 Flight Training US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering aviation and flight training. 

These establishments may offer vocational training, recreational training, or both. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in specialty air transportation services that may also provide flight 

training are classified in U.S. Industry 481219, Other Nonscheduled Air Transportation. 

611513 Apprenticeship Training US 

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering apprenticeship training 

programs. These programs involve applied training as well as course work. 

611519 Other Technical and Trade Schools US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering job or career vocational or 

technical courses (except cosmetology and barber training, aviation and flight training, and apprenticeship 

training). The curriculums offered by these schools are highly structured and specialized and lead to jobspecific certification. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bartending schools 

Modeling schools 

Broadcasting schools 

Real estate schools 

Computer repair training 

Truck driving schools 

Graphic arts schools 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering courses in office procedures and secretarial and stenographic skills--are classified in 

Industry 611410, Business and Secretarial Schools; 

 Offering computer training (except computer repair)--are classified in Industry 611420, Computer 

Training; 

 Offering professional and management development training--are classified in Industry 611430, 

Professional and Management Development Training; 

 Offering registered nursing training with academic degrees (e.g., associate baccalaureate)--are 

classified in Industry 611210, Junior Colleges or in Industry 611310, College, Universities, and 

Professional Schools; 

 Offering aviation and flight training--are classified in U.S. Industry 611512, Flight Training; 

 Offering cosmetology and barber training--are classified in U.S. Industry 611511, Cosmetology 

and Barber Schools; 

 Offering academic courses that may also offer technical and trade courses--are classified 

according to the type of school; and 

 Offering apprenticeship training programs--are classified in U.S. Industry 611513, Apprenticeship 

Training. 

6116 Other Schools and Instruction 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering or providing instruction 

(except academic schools, colleges, and universities; and business, computer, management, technical, or 

trade instruction). Instruction may be provided in diverse settings, such as the establishment's or client's 

training facilities, educational institutions, the workplace, or the home, and through diverse means, such as 
correspondence, television, the Internet, or other electronic and distance-learning methods. The training 

provided by these establishments may include the use of simulators and simulation methods. 

61161 Fine Arts Schools 

 See industry description for 611610 below. 

611610 Fine Arts Schools CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering instruction in the arts, including 

dance, art, drama, and music. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Art (except commercial and graphic) instruction 

Music instruction (e.g., piano, guitar) 

Dance instruction 

Music schools (except academic) 

Dance studios 

Performing arts schools (except academic) 

Drama schools (except academic) 

Photography schools (except commercial photography) 

Fine arts schools (except academic) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments offering high school diplomas or academic degrees (i.e., even if they specialize in 

fine arts) are classified elsewhere in this subsector according to the type of school; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in offering courses in commercial and graphic arts and 

commercial photography are classified in U.S. Industry 611519, Other Technical and Trade 

Schools. 

61162 Sports and Recreation Instruction 

 See industry description for 611620 below. 

611620 Sports and Recreation Instruction CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments, such as camps and schools, primarily engaged in offering 

instruction in athletic activities to groups of individuals. Overnight and day sports instruction camps are 

included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Camps, sports instruction 

Professional sports instructors (i.e., not participating in sporting events) 

Cheerleading instruction 

Riding instruction academies or schools 

Gymnastics instruction 

Sports (e.g., baseball, basketball, football, golf) instruction 

Martial arts instruction, camps or schools 

Swimming instruction 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating overnight recreational camps that may offer some 

athletic instruction in addition to other activities are classified in U.S. Industry 721214, 

Recreational and Vacation Camps (except Campgrounds); 
 Establishments primarily engaged in operating sports and recreation establishments that also offer 

athletic instruction are classified in Sector 71, Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation; 

 Independent (i.e., freelance) athletes engaged in providing sports instruction and participating in 

spectator sporting events are classified in U.S. Industry 711219, Other Spectator Sports; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in offering academic courses that may also offer athletic 

instruction are classified according to the type of school. 

61163 Language Schools 

 See industry description for 611630 below. 

611630 Language Schools CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering foreign language instruction 

(including sign language). These establishments are designed to offer language instruction ranging from 

conversational skills for personal enrichment to intensive training courses for career or educational 

opportunities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering academic courses that may also offer language instruction--are classified according to 

type of school; and 

 Providing translation and interpretation services--are classified in Industry 541930, Translation 

and Interpretation Services. 

61169 All Other Schools and Instruction 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering instruction (except business, 

computer, management, technical, trade, fine arts, athletic, and language instruction). Also excluded from 

this industry are academic schools, colleges, and universities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Academic tutoring services 

Public speaking training 

Automobile driving schools 

Speed reading instruction 

Exam preparation services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering elementary and secondary school instruction--are classified in Industry 61111, 

Elementary and Secondary Schools; 

 Offering junior college instruction--are classified in Industry 61121, Junior Colleges; 

 Offering college, university, and professional school instruction with academic degrees (e.g., 

baccalaureate, graduate)--are classified in Industry 61131, Colleges, Universities, and Professional 

Schools; 

 Offering business, computer (except computer repair), and management training--are classified in 

Industry Group 6114, Business Schools and Computer and Management Training; 

 Offering technical and trade school instruction (e.g., computer repair and maintenance)--are 

classified in Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools; 

 Offering fine arts instruction--are classified in Industry 61161, Fine Arts Schools; 

 Offering sports and recreation instruction--are classified in Industry 61162, Sports and Recreation 

Instruction; and 

 Offering language instruction--are classified in Industry 61163, Language Schools. 
611691 Exam Preparation and Tutoring US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering preparation for standardized 

examinations and/or academic tutoring services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Academic tutoring services 

Learning centers offering remedial courses 

College board preparation centers 

Professional examination review instruction 

611692 Automobile Driving Schools US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering automobile driving 

instruction. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in offering truck and bus driving instruction are classified in U.S. 

Industry 611519, Other Technical and Trade Schools. 

611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering instruction (except business, 

computer, management, technical, trade, fine arts, athletic, language instruction, tutoring, and automobile 

driving instruction). Also excluded from this industry are academic schools, colleges, and universities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Public speaking training 

Survival training 

Speed reading instruction 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering elementary and secondary school instruction--are classified in Industry 611110, 

Elementary and Secondary Schools; 

 Offering junior college instruction--are classified in Industry 611210, Junior Colleges; 

 Offering college, university, and professional school instruction with academic degrees (e.g., 

baccalaureate, graduate)--are classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities, and 

Professional Schools; 

 Offering business, computer (except computer repair), and management training--are classified in 

Industry Group 6114, Business Schools and Computer and Management Training; 

 Offering technical and trade school instruction (e.g., computer repair and maintenance)--are 

classified in Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools; 

 Offering fine arts instruction--are classified in Industry 611610, Fine Arts Schools; 

 Offering sports and recreation instruction--are classified in Industry 611620, Sports and 

Recreation Instruction; 

 Offering language instruction--are classified in Industry 611630, Language Schools; 

 Offering exam preparation and tutoring services--are classified in U.S. Industry 611691, Exam 

Preparation and Tutoring; and 

 Offering automobile driving instruction--are classified in U.S. Industry 611692, Automobile 

Driving Schools. 
6117 Educational Support Services 

61171 Educational Support Services 

 See industry description for 611710 below. 

611710 Educational Support Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing noninstructional services that 

support educational processes or systems. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Educational consultants 

Educational testing services 

Educational guidance counseling services 

Student exchange programs 

Educational testing evaluation services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing job training for the unemployed, underemployed, physically disabled, and persons who 

have a job market disadvantage because of lack of education or job skills--are classified in 

Industry 624310, Vocational Rehabilitation Services; and 

 Conducting research and analyses in cognitive development--are classified in Industry 541720, 

Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities. 
Sector 62--Health Care and Social Assistance

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Health Care and Social Assistance sector comprises establishments providing health care and social 

assistance for individuals. The sector includes both health care and social assistance because it is 

sometimes difficult to distinguish between the boundaries of these two activities. The industries in this 

sector are arranged on a continuum starting with those establishments providing medical care exclusively, 

continuing with those providing health care and social assistance, and finally finishing with those providing 

only social assistance. The services provided by establishments in this sector are delivered by trained 

professionals. All industries in the sector share this commonality of process, namely, labor inputs of health 

practitioners or social workers with the requisite expertise. Many of the industries in the sector are defined 

based on the educational degree held by the practitioners included in the industry. 

 Excluded from this sector are aerobic classes in Subsector 713, Amusement, Gambling and Recreation 

Industries and nonmedical diet and weight reducing centers in Subsector 812, Personal and Laundry 

Services. Although these can be viewed as health services, these services are not typically delivered by 

health practitioners. 

621 Ambulatory Health Care Services 

 Industries in the Ambulatory Health Care Services subsector provide health care services directly or 

indirectly to ambulatory patients and do not usually provide inpatient services. Health practitioners in this 

subsector provide outpatient services, with the facilities and equipment not usually being the most 

significant part of the production process. 

6211 Offices of Physicians 

62111 Offices of Physicians 

 This industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of M.D. (Doctor of 

Medicine) or D.O. (Doctor of Osteopathy) primarily engaged in the independent practice of general or 

specialized medicine (e.g., anesthesiology, oncology, ophthalmology, psychiatry) or surgery. These 

practitioners operate private or group practices in their own offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities 

of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 

Cross-References. 

 Medical centers primarily engaged in providing emergency medical care for accident or trauma 

victims and ambulatory surgical centers primarily engaged in providing surgery on an outpatient 

basis are classified in Industry 62149, Other Outpatient Care Centers; 

 Establishments of oral pathologists are classified in Industry 62121, Offices of Dentists; and 

 Establishments of speech or voice pathologists are classified in Industry 62134, Offices of 

Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists. 

621111 Offices of Physicians (except Mental Health Specialists) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of M.D. (Doctor of 

Medicine) or D.O. (Doctor of Osteopathy) primarily engaged in the independent practice of general or 

specialized medicine (except psychiatry or psychoanalysis) or surgery. These practitioners operate private 

or group practices in their own offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals 

or HMO medical centers. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments of physicians primarily engaged in the independent practice of psychiatry or 

psychoanalysis are classified in U.S. Industry 621112, Offices of Physicians, Mental Health 

Specialists; 

 Freestanding medical centers primarily engaged in providing emergency medical care for accident 

or catastrophe victims and freestanding ambulatory surgical centers primarily engaged in 

providing surgery on an outpatient basis are classified in U.S. Industry 621493, Freestanding 

Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers; 

 Establishments of oral pathologists are classified in Industry 621210, Offices of Dentists; and 

 Establishments of speech or voice pathologists are classified in Industry 621340, Offices of 

Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists. 

621112 Offices of Physicians, Mental Health Specialists US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of M.D. (Doctor of 

Medicine) or D.O. (Doctor of Osteopathy) primarily engaged in the independent practice of psychiatry or 

psychoanalysis. These practitioners operate private or group practices in their own offices (e.g., centers, 

clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 

6212 Offices of Dentists 

62121 Offices of Dentists 

 See industry description for 621210 below. 

621210 Offices of Dentists CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of D.M.D. (Doctor of 

Dental Medicine), D.D.S. (Doctor of Dental Surgery), or D.D.Sc. (Doctor of Dental Science) primarily 

engaged in the independent practice of general or specialized dentistry or dental surgery. These 

practitioners operate private or group practices in their own offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities 

of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. They can provide either comprehensive preventive, 

cosmetic, or emergency care, or specialize in a single field of dentistry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments known as dental laboratories primarily engaged in making dentures, artificial teeth, 

and orthodontic appliances to order for dentists are classified in U.S. Industry 339116, Dental 

Laboratories; and 

 Establishments of dental hygienists primarily engaged in cleaning teeth and gums or 

establishments of denturists primarily engaged in taking impressions for and fitting dentures are 

classified in U.S. Industry 621399, Offices of All Other Miscellaneous Health Practitioners. 

6213 Offices of Other Health Practitioners 

 This industry group comprises establishments of independent health practitioners (except physicians and 

dentists). 

62131 Offices of Chiropractors 

 See industry description for 621310 below. 

621310 Offices of Chiropractors CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of D.C. (Doctor of 

Chiropractic) primarily engaged in the independent practice of chiropractic. These practitioners provide 

diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of neuromusculoskeletal and related disorders through the 

manipulation and adjustment of the spinal column and extremities, and operate private or group practices in 
their own offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical 

centers. 

62132 Offices of Optometrists

 See industry description for 621320 below. 

621320 Offices of Optometrists 

 This industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of O.D. (Doctor of 

Optometry) primarily engaged in the independent practice of optometry. These practitioners examine, 

diagnose, treat, and manage diseases and disorders of the visual system, the eye and associated structures as 

well as diagnose related systemic conditions. Offices of optometrists prescribe and/or provide eyeglasses, 

contact lenses, low vision aids, and vision therapy. They operate private or group practices in their own 

offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers, and 

may also provide the same services as opticians, such as selling and fitting prescription eyeglasses and 

contact lenses. 

Cross-References. 

 Offices of opticians primarily engaged in selling and fitting prescription eyeglasses and contact 

lenses are classified in Industry 446130, Optical Goods Stores; and 

 Offices of physicians primarily engaged in the independent practice of ophthalmology are 

classified in U.S. Industry 621111, Offices of Physicians (except Mental Health Specialists). 

62133 Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians) 

 See industry description for 621330 below. 

621330 Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians) CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments of independent mental health practitioners (except physicians) 

primarily engaged in (1) the diagnosis and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders and/or 

(2) the diagnosis and treatment of individual or group social dysfunction brought about by such causes as 

mental illness, alcohol and substance abuse, physical and emotional trauma, or stress. These practitioners 

operate private or group practices in their own offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, 

such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of psychiatrists, psychoanalysts, and psychotherapists having the degree of M.D. (Doctor 

of Medicine) or D.O. (Doctor of Osteopathy) are classified in U.S. Industry 621112, Offices of Physicians, 

Mental Health Specialists. 

62134 Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists 

 See industry description for 621340 below. 

621340 Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and Audiologists CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments of independent health practitioners primarily engaged in one of 

the following: (1) providing physical therapy services to patients who have impairments, functional 

limitations, disabilities, or changes in physical functions and health status resulting from injury, disease or 

other causes, or who require prevention, wellness or fitness services; (2) planning and administering 

educational, recreational, and social activities designed to help patients or individuals with disabilities, 

regain physical or mental functioning or to adapt to their disabilities; and (3) diagnosing and treating 

speech, language, or hearing problems. These practitioners operate private or group practices in their own 

offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Audiologists' offices 

Recreational (e.g., art, dance, music) therapists' offices 

Industrial therapists' offices 

Speech pathologists' offices 

Occupational therapists' offices 

Physical therapists' offices 

62139 Offices of All Other Health Practitioners 

 This industry comprises establishments of independent health practitioners (except physicians; dentists; 

chiropractors; optometrists; mental health specialists; physical, occupational, and speech therapists; and 

audiologists). These practitioners operate private or group practices in their own offices (e.g., centers, 

clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Acupuncturists' (except MDs or DOs) offices 

Inhalation or respiratory therapists' offices 

Dental hygienists' offices 

Midwives' offices 

Denturists' offices 

Naturopaths' offices 

Dietitians' offices 

Podiatrists' offices 

Homeopaths' offices 

Registered or licensed practical nurses' offices 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 The independent practice of medicine (i.e., physicians)--are classified in Industry 62111, Offices 

of Physicians; 

 The independent practice of dentistry--are classified in Industry 62121, Offices of Dentists; 

 The independent practice of chiropractic--are classified in Industry 62131, Offices of 

Chiropractors; 

 The independent practice of optometry--are classified in Industry 62132, Offices of Optometrists; 

 The independent practice of mental health (except physicians)--are classified in Industry 62133, 

Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians); and 

 The independent practice of physical, occupational, and speech therapy and audiology--are 

classified in Industry 62134, Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and 

Audiologists. 

621391 Offices of Podiatrists US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments of health practitioners having the degree of D.P.M. (Doctor 

of Podiatric Medicine) primarily engaged in the independent practice of podiatry. These practitioners 

diagnose and treat diseases and deformities of the foot and operate private or group practices in their own 

offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 

621399 Offices of All Other Miscellaneous Health Practitioners US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments of independent health practitioners (except physicians; 

dentists; chiropractors; optometrists; mental health specialists; physical, occupational, and speech 
therapists; audiologists; and podiatrists). These practitioners operate private or group practices in their own 

offices (e.g., centers, clinics) or in the facilities of others, such as hospitals or HMO medical centers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Acupuncturists' (except MDs or DOs) offices 

Hypnotherapists' offices 

Dental hygienists' offices 

Inhalation or respiratory therapists' offices 

Denturists' offices 

Midwives' offices 

Dietitians' offices 

Naturopaths' offices 

Homeopaths' offices 

Registered or licensed practical nurses' offices 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 The independent practice of medicine (i.e., physicians)--are classified in Industry 62111, Offices 

of Physicians; 

 The independent practice of dentistry--are classified in Industry 621210, Offices of Dentists; 

 The independent practice of chiropractic--are classified in Industry 621310, Offices of 

Chiropractors; 

 The independent practice of optometry--are classified in Industry 621320, Offices of Optometrists; 

 The independent practice of mental health (except physicians)--are classified in Industry 621330, 

Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians); 

 The independent practice of physical, occupational, and speech therapy, and audiology--are 

classified in Industry 621340, Offices of Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapists, and 

Audiologists; and 

 The independent practice of podiatry--are classified in U.S. Industry 621391, Offices of 

Podiatrists. 

6214 Outpatient Care Centers 

62141 Family Planning Centers 

 See industry description for 621410 below. 

621410 Family Planning Centers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments with medical staff primarily engaged in providing a range of 

family planning services on an outpatient basis, such as contraceptive services, genetic and prenatal 

counseling, voluntary sterilization, and therapeutic and medically induced termination of pregnancy. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Birth control clinics 

Fertility clinics 

Childbirth preparation classes 

Pregnancy counseling centers 

62142 Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Centers 

 See industry description for 621420 below. 

621420 Outpatient Mental Health and Substance Abuse Centers CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments with medical staff primarily engaged in providing outpatient 

services related to the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders and alcohol and other substance 

abuse. These establishments generally treat patients who do not require inpatient treatment. They may 

provide a counseling staff and information regarding a wide range of mental health and substance abuse 

issues and/or refer patients to more extensive treatment programs, if necessary. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Outpatient alcoholism treatment centers and clinics (except hospitals) 

Outpatient mental health centers and clinics (except hospitals) 

Outpatient detoxification centers and clinics (except hospitals) 

Outpatient substance abuse treatment centers and clinics(except hospitals) 

Outpatient drug addiction treatment centers and clinics (except hospitals) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals primarily engaged in the inpatient treatment of 

mental health and substance abuse illnesses with an emphasis on medical treatment and 

monitoring are classified in Industry 622210, Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the inpatient treatment of mental health and substance abuse 

illness with an emphasis on residential care and counseling rather than medical treatment are 

classified in Industry 623220, Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities. 

62149 Other Outpatient Care Centers 

 This industry comprises establishments with medical staff primarily engaged in providing general or 

specialized outpatient care (except family planning centers and outpatient mental health and substance 

abuse centers). Centers or clinics of health practitioners with different degrees from more than one industry 

practicing within the same establishment (i.e., Doctor of Medicine and Doctor of Dental Medicine) are 

included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dialysis centers and clinics 

Outpatient biofeedback centers and clinics 

Freestanding ambulatory surgical centers and clinics 

Outpatient community health centers and clinics 

Freestanding emergency medical centers and clinics 

Outpatient sleep disorder centers and clinics 

Health maintenance organization (HMO) medical centers and clinics 

Cross-References. 

 Physician walk-in centers are classified in Industry 62111, Offices of Physicians; 

 Centers and clinics of health practitioners from the same industry primarily engaged in the 

independent practice of their profession are classified in Industry 62111, Offices of Physicians; 

Industry 62121, Offices of Dentists; and Industry Group 6213, Offices of Other Health 

Practitioners; 

 Family planning centers are classified in Industry 62141, Family Planning Centers; 

 Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers are classified in Industry 62142, Outpatient 

Mental Health and Substance Abuse Centers; 

 HMO establishments (except those providing health care services) primarily engaged in 

underwriting health and medical insurance policies are classified in Industry 52411, Direct Life, 

Health, and Medical Insurance Carriers; and 
 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals that also perform ambulatory surgery and 

emergency room services are classified in Subsector 622, Hospitals. 

621491 HMO Medical Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments with physicians and other medical staff primarily engaged in 

providing a range of outpatient medical services to the health maintenance organization (HMO) subscribers 

with a focus generally on primary health care. These establishments are owned by the HMO. Included in 

this industry are HMO establishments that both provide health care services and underwrite health and 

medical insurance policies. 

Cross-References. 

 Health practitioners or health practitioner groups contracting to provide their services to 

subscribers of prepaid health plans are classified in Industry 62111, Offices of Physicians; 

Industry 621210, Offices of Dentists; and Industry Group 6213, Offices of Other Health 

Practitioners; and 

 HMO establishments (except those providing health care services) primarily engaged in 

underwriting and administering health and medical insurance policies are classified in U.S. 

Industry 524114, Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers. 

621492 Kidney Dialysis Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments with medical staff primarily engaged in providing outpatient 

kidney or renal dialysis services. 

621493 Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments with physicians and other medical staff primarily engaged in 

(1) providing surgical services (e.g., orthoscopic and cataract surgery) on an outpatient basis or (2) 

providing emergency care services (e.g., setting broken bones, treating lacerations, or tending to patients 

suffering injuries as a result of accidents, trauma, or medical conditions necessitating immediate medical 

care) on an outpatient basis. Outpatient surgical establishments have specialized facilities, such as 

operating and recovery rooms, and specialized equipment, such as anesthetic or X-ray equipment. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Freestanding ambulatory surgical centers and clinics 

Freestanding trauma centers (except hospitals) 

Freestanding emergency medical centers and clinics 

Urgent medical care centers and clinics (except hospitals) 

Cross-References. 

 Physician walk-in centers are classified in U.S. Industry 621111, Offices of Physicians (except 

Mental Health Specialists); and 

 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals that also perform ambulatory surgery and 

emergency room services are classified in Subsector 622, Hospitals. 

621498 All Other Outpatient Care Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments with medical staff primarily engaged in providing general or 

specialized outpatient care (except family planning centers, outpatient mental health and substance abuse 

centers, HMO medical centers, kidney dialysis centers, and freestanding ambulatory surgical and 

emergency centers). Centers or clinics of health practitioners with different degrees from more than one 
industry practicing within the same establishment (i.e., Doctor of Medicine and Doctor of Dental Medicine) 

are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Outpatient biofeedback centers and clinics 

Outpatient pain therapy centers and clinics 

Outpatient community health centers and clinics 

Outpatient sleep disorder centers and clinics 

Cross-References. 

 Physician walk-in centers are classified in U.S. Industry 621111, Offices of Physicians (except 

Mental Health Specialists); 

 Centers and clinics of health practitioners from the same industry primarily engaged in the 

independent practice of their profession are classified in Industry 62111, Offices of Physicians; 

Industry 621210, Offices of Dentists; and Industry Group 6213, Offices of Other Health 

Practitioners; 

 Family planning centers are classified in Industry 621410, Family Planning Centers; 

 Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers are classified in Industry 621420, Outpatient 

Mental Health and Substance Abuse Centers; 

 HMO medical centers are classified in U.S. Industry 621491, HMO Medical Centers; 

 Dialysis centers are classified in U.S. Industry 621492, Kidney Dialysis Centers; and 

 Freestanding ambulatory surgical and emergency centers are classified in U.S. Industry 621493, 

Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers. 

6215 Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories 

62151 Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories 

 This industry comprises establishments known as medical and diagnostic laboratories primarily engaged 

in providing analytic or diagnostic services, including body fluid analysis and diagnostic imaging, generally 

to the medical profession or to the patient on referral from a health practitioner. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dental or medical X-ray laboratories 

Medical pathology laboratories 

Diagnostic imaging centers 

Medical testing laboratories 

Medical forensic laboratories 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments, such as dental, optical, and orthopedic laboratories, primarily engaged in providing the 

following activities to the medical profession, respectively: making dentures, artificial teeth, and 

orthodontic appliances to prescription; grinding of lenses to prescription; and making orthopedic or 

prosthetic appliances to prescription are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies 

Manufacturing. 

621511 Medical Laboratories US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as medical laboratories primarily engaged in 

providing analytic or diagnostic services, including body fluid analysis, generally to the medical profession 

or to the patient on referral from a health practitioner. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Blood analysis laboratories 

Medical pathology laboratories 

Medical bacteriological laboratories 

Medical testing laboratories 

Medical forensic laboratories 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments known as dental laboratories primarily engaged in making dentures, artificial teeth, 

and orthodontic appliances to prescription are classified in U.S. Industry 339116, Dental 

Laboratories; 

 Establishments known as optical laboratories primarily engaged in grinding of lenses to 

prescription are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, Ophthalmic Goods Manufacturing; and 

 Establishments known as orthopedic laboratories primarily engaged in making orthopedic or 

prosthetic appliances to prescription are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance 

and Supplies Manufacturing. 

621512 Diagnostic Imaging Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as diagnostic imaging centers primarily engaged in 

producing images of the patient generally on referral from a health practitioner. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Computer tomography (CT-scan) centers 

Medical radiological laboratories 

Dental or medical X-ray laboratories 

Ultrasound imaging centers 

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) centers 

6216 Home Health Care Services 

62161 Home Health Care Services 

 See industry description for 621610 below. 

621610 Home Health Care Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing skilled nursing services in the 

home, along with a range of the following: personal care services; homemaker and companion services; 

physical therapy; medical social services; medications; medical equipment and supplies; counseling; 24-

hour home care; occupation and vocational therapy; dietary and nutritional services; speech therapy; 

audiology; and high-tech care, such as intravenous therapy. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Home health care agencies 

Visiting nurse associations 

In-home hospice care services 

Cross-References. 

 In-home health services provided by establishments of health practitioners and others primarily 

engaged in the independent practice of their profession are classified in Industry 62111, Offices of 
Physicians; Industry 621210, Offices of Dentists; Industry Group 6213, Offices of Other Health 

Practitioners; and U.S. Industry 621999, All Other Miscellaneous Ambulatory Health Care 

Services; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in renting or leasing products for home health care are classified 

in U.S. Industry 532291, Home Health Equipment Rental. 

6219 Other Ambulatory Health Care Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing ambulatory health care 

services (except offices of physicians, dentists, and other health practitioners; outpatient care centers; 

medical laboratories and diagnostic imaging centers; and home health care providers). 

62191 Ambulance Services 

 See industry description for 621910 below. 

621910 Ambulance Services MEX 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing transportation of patients by 

ground or air, along with medical care. These services are often provided during a medical emergency but 

are not restricted to emergencies. The vehicles are equipped with lifesaving equipment operated by 

medically trained personnel. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing transportation of the disabled or elderly (without medical 

care) are classified in U.S. Industry 485991, Special Needs Transportation. 

62199 All Other Ambulatory Health Care Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing ambulatory health care services 

(except office physicians, dentists, and other health practitioners; outpatient care centers; medical and 

diagnostic laboratories; home health care providers; and ambulances). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Blood donor stations 

Pacemaker monitoring services 

Blood or body organ banks 

Physical fitness evaluation services (except by offices of health practitioners) 

Health screening services (except by offices of health practitioners) 

Smoking cessation programs 

Hearing testing services (except by offices of audiologists) 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the independent practice of medicine are classified in 

Industry 62111, Offices of Physicians; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the independent practice of dentistry are classified in Industry 

62121, Offices of Dentists; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the independent practice of health care (except offices of 

physicians and dentists) are classified in Industry Group 6213, Offices of Other Health 

Practitioners; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing general or specialized outpatient care services are 

classified in Industry Group 6214, Outpatient Care Centers; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in providing home health care services are classified in Industry 

62161, Home Health Care Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in transportation of patients by ground or air, along with 

medical care are classified in Industry 62191, Ambulance Services; and 

 Establishments known as medical and diagnostic laboratories primarily engaged in providing 

analytic or diagnostic services are classified in Industry 62151, Medical and Diagnostic 

Laboratories. 

621991 Blood and Organ Banks US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in collecting, storing, and distributing 

blood and blood products and storing and distributing body organs. 

 

621999 All Other Miscellaneous Ambulatory Health Care Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing ambulatory health care 

services (except offices of physicians, dentists, and other health practitioners; outpatient care centers; 

medical and diagnostic laboratories; home health care providers; ambulances; and blood and organ banks). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Health screening services (except by offices of health practitioners) 

Physical fitness evaluation services (except by offices of health practitioners) 

Hearing testing services (except by offices of audiologists) 

Smoking cessation programs 

Pacemaker monitoring services 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the independent practice of medicine are classified in 

Industry 62111, Offices of Physicians; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the independent practice of dentistry are classified in Industry 

621210, Offices of Dentists; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the independent practice of health care (except offices of 

physicians and dentists) are classified in Industry Group 6213, Offices of Other Health 

Practitioners; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing general or specialized outpatient care services are 

classified in Industry Group 6214, Outpatient Care Centers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing home health care services are classified in Industry 

621610, Home Health Care Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in the transportation of patients by ground or air, along with 

medical care are classified in Industry 621910, Ambulance Services; 

 Establishments known as medical and diagnostic laboratories primarily engaged in providing 

analytic or diagnostic services are classified in Industry 62151, Medical and Diagnostic 

Laboratories; and 

 Blood and organ banks are classified in U.S. Industry 621991, Blood and Organ Banks. 

622 Hospitals 

 Industries in the Hospitals subsector provide medical, diagnostic, and treatment services that include 

physician, nursing, and other health services to inpatients and the specialized accommodation services 

required by inpatients. Hospitals may also provide outpatient services as a secondary activity. 

Establishments in the Hospitals subsector provide inpatient health services, many of which can only be 

provided using the specialized facilities and equipment that form a significant and integral part of the 

production process. 
6221 General Medical and Surgical Hospitals 

62211 General Medical and Surgical Hospitals 

 See industry description for 622110 below. 

622110 General Medical and Surgical Hospitals US 

 This industry comprises establishments known and licensed as general medical and surgical hospitals 

primarily engaged in providing diagnostic and medical treatment (both surgical and nonsurgical) to 

inpatients with any of a wide variety of medical conditions. These establishments maintain inpatient beds 

and provide patients with food services that meet their nutritional requirements. These hospitals have an 

organized staff of physicians and other medical staff to provide patient care services. These establishments 

usually provide other services, such as outpatient services, anatomical pathology services, diagnostic 

X-ray services, clinical laboratory services, operating room services for a variety of procedures, and 

pharmacy services. 

6222 Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals 

62221 Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals 

 See industry description for 622210 below. 

622210 Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known and licensed as psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals 

primarily engaged in providing diagnostic, medical treatment, and monitoring services for inpatients who 

suffer from mental illness or substance abuse disorders. The treatment often requires an extended stay in 

the hospital. These establishments maintain inpatient beds and provide patients with food services that 

meet their nutritional requirements. They have an organized staff of physicians and other medical staff to 

provide patient care services. Psychiatric, psychological, and social work services are available at the 

facility. These hospitals usually provide other services, such as outpatient services, clinical laboratory 

services, diagnostic X-ray services, and electroencephalograph services. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing treatment of mental health and substance abuse 

illnesses on an exclusively outpatient basis are classified in Industry 621420, Outpatient Mental 

Health and Substance Abuse Centers; 

 Establishments referred to as hospitals but are primarily engaged in providing inpatient treatment 

of mental health and substance abuse illness with the emphasis on counseling rather than medical 

treatment are classified in Industry 623220, Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse 

Facilities; and 

 Establishments referred to as hospitals but are primarily engaged in providing residential care for 

persons diagnosed with mental retardation are classified in Industry 623210, Residential Mental 

Retardation Facilities. 

6223 Specialty (except Psychiatric and Substance Abuse) Hospitals 

62231 Specialty (except Psychiatric and Substance Abuse) Hospitals

 See industry description for 622310 below. 

622310 Specialty (except Psychiatric and Substance Abuse) Hospitals CAN 

 This industry consists of establishments known and licensed as specialty hospitals primarily engaged in 

providing diagnostic and medical treatment to inpatients with a specific type of disease or medical 

condition (except psychiatric or substance abuse). Hospitals providing long-term care for the chronically ill 
and hospitals providing rehabilitation, restorative, and adjustive services to physically challenged or 

disabled people are included in this industry. These establishments maintain inpatient beds and provide 

patients with food services that meet their nutritional requirements. They have an organized staff 

of physicians and other medical staff to provide patient care services. These hospitals may provide other 

services, such as outpatient services, diagnostic X-ray services, clinical laboratory services, operating room 

services, physical therapy services, educational and vocational services, and psychological and social work 

services. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals primarily engaged in providing diagnostic and 

therapeutic inpatient services for a variety of medical conditions, both surgical and nonsurgical, 

are classified in Industry 622110, General Medical and Surgical Hospitals; 

 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals primarily engaged in providing diagnostic and 

treatment services for inpatients with psychiatric or substance abuse illnesses are classified in 

Industry 622210, Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals; 

 Establishments referred to as hospitals but are primarily engaged in providing inpatient nursing 

and rehabilitative services to persons requiring convalescence are classified in Industry 623110, 

Nursing Care Facilities; 

 Establishments referred to as hospitals but are primarily engaged in providing residential care of 

persons diagnosed with mental retardation are classified in Industry 623210, Residential Mental 

Retardation Facilities; and 

 Establishments referred to as hospitals but are primarily engaged in providing inpatient treatment 

for mental health and substance abuse illnesses with the emphasis on counseling rather than 

medical treatment are classified in Industry 623220, Residential Mental Health and Substance 

Abuse Facilities. 

623 Nursing and Residential Care Facilities 

 Industries in the Nursing and Residential Care Facilities subsector provide residential care combined with 

either nursing, supervisory, or other types of care as required by the residents. In this subsector, the 

facilities are a significant part of the production process and the care provided is a mix of health and social 

services with the health services being largely some level of nursing services. 

6231 Nursing Care Facilities 

62311 Nursing Care Facilities 

 See industry description for 623110 below. 

623110 Nursing Care Facilities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing inpatient nursing and 

rehabilitative services. The care is generally provided for an extended period of time to individuals 

requiring nursing care. These establishments have a permanent core staff of registered or licensed practical 

nurses who, along with other staff, provide nursing and continuous personal care services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Convalescent homes or convalescent hospitals (except psychiatric) 

Nursing homes 

Homes for the elderly with nursing care 

Rest homes with nursing care 

Inpatient care hospices 

Cross-References. 
 Assisted-living facilities with on-site nursing care facilities are classified in U.S. Industry 623311, 

Continuing Care Retirement Communities; and 

 Psychiatric convalescent homes are classified in Industry 623220, Residential Mental Health and 

Substance Abuse Facilities. 

6232 Residential Mental Retardation, Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential care (but not 

licensed hospital care) to people with mental retardation, mental illness, or substance abuse problems. 

62321 Residential Mental Retardation Facilities 

 See industry description for 623210 below. 

623210 Residential Mental Retardation Facilities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments (e.g., group homes, hospitals, intermediate care facilities) 

primarily engaged in providing residential care services for persons diagnosed with mental retardation. 

These facilities may provide some health care, though the focus is room, board, protective supervision, and 

counseling. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing inpatient treatment of mental health and substance 

abuse illnesses with an emphasis on counseling rather than medical treatment are classified in 

Industry 623220, Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing treatment of mental health and substance abuse 

illnesses on an exclusively outpatient basis are classified in Industry 621420, Outpatient Mental 

Health and Substance Abuse Centers; and 

 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals primarily engaged in providing inpatient 

treatment of mental health and substance abuse illnesses with an emphasis on medical treatment 

and monitoring are classified in Industry 622210, Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals. 

62322 Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities 

 See industry description for 623220 below. 

623220 Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities US

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential care and treatment for 

patients with mental health and substance abuse illnesses. These establishments provide room, board, 

supervision, and counseling services. Although medical services may be available at these establishments, 

they are incidental to the counseling, mental rehabilitation, and support services offered. These 

establishments generally provide a wide range of social services in addition to counseling. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alcoholism or drug addiction rehabilitation facilities (except licensed hospitals) 

Psychiatric convalescent homes or hospitals 

Mental health halfway houses 

Residential group homes for the emotionally disturbed 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing treatment of mental health and substance abuse 

illnesses on an exclusively outpatient basis are classified in Industry 621420, Outpatient Mental 

Health and Substance Abuse Centers; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in providing residential care for persons diagnosed with mental 

retardation are classified in Industry 623210, Residential Mental Retardation Facilities; and 

 Establishments known and licensed as hospitals primarily engaged in providing inpatient 

treatment of mental health and substance abuse illnesses with an emphasis on medical treatment 

and monitoring are classified in Industry 622210, Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals. 

6233 Community Care Facilities for the Elderly 

62331 Community Care Facilities for the Elderly 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential and personal care 

services for (1) the elderly and other persons who are unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the 

elderly and other persons who do not desire to live independently. The care typically includes room, board, 

supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping services. In some instances these 

establishments provide skilled nursing care for residents in separate on-site facilities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Assisted-living facilities 

Homes for the elderly without nursing care 

Continuing care retirement communities 

Rest homes without nursing care 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing inpatient nursing and rehabilitative services are 

classified in Industry 62311, Nursing Care Facilities; and 

 Apartment or condominium complexes where people live independently in rented housing units 

are classified in Industry 53111, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

623311 Continuing Care Retirement Communities US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of residential and 

personal care services with on-site nursing care facilities for (1) the elderly and other persons who are 

unable to fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly and other persons who do not desire to live 

independently. Individuals live in a variety of residential settings with meals, housekeeping, social, leisure, 

and other services available to assist residents in daily living. Assisted-living facilities with on-site nursing 

care facilities are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing inpatient nursing and rehabilitative services are 

classified in Industry 623110, Nursing Care Facilities; 

 Assisted-living facilities without on-site nursing care facilities are classified in U.S. Industry 

623312, Homes for the Elderly; and 

 Apartment or condominium complexes where people live independently in rented housing units 

are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

623312 Homes for the Elderly US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential and personal care 

services (i.e., without on-site nursing care facilities) for (1) the elderly or other persons who are unable to 

fully care for themselves and/or (2) the elderly or other persons who do not desire to live independently. 

The care typically includes room, board, supervision, and assistance in daily living, such as housekeeping 

services. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Assisted-living facilities without on-site nursing care facilities 

Rest homes without nursing care 

Homes for the elderly without nursing care 

Cross-References. 

 Assisted-living facilities with on-site nursing care facilities are classified in U.S. Industry 623311, 

Continuing Care Retirement Communities; 

 Homes for the elderly with nursing care or rest homes with nursing care are classified in Industry 

623110, Nursing Care Facilities; and 

 Apartment or condominium complexes where people live independently in rented or owned 

housing units are classified in Industry 53111, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. 

6239 Other Residential Care Facilities 

 This industry group comprises establishments of residential care facilities (except residential mental 

retardation, mental health, and substance abuse facilities and community care facilities for the elderly). 

62399 Other Residential Care Facilities 

 See industry description for 623990 below. 

623990 Other Residential Care Facilities US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing residential care (except residential 

mental retardation facilities, residential health and substance abuse facilities, continuing care retirement 

communities, and homes for the elderly). These establishments also provide supervision and personal care 

services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Boot or disciplinary camps (except correctional) for delinquent youth 

Group homes for the hearing or visually impaired 

Child group foster homes 

Halfway group homes for delinquents or ex-offenders 

Delinquent youth halfway group homes 

Homes for unwed mothers 

Group homes for the disabled without nursing care 

Orphanages 

Cross-References. 

 Residential mental retardation facilities are classified in Industry 623210, Residential Mental 

Retardation Facilities; 

 Continuing care retirement communities are classified in U.S. Industry 623311, Continuing Care 

Retirement Communities; 

 Residential mental health and substance abuse facilities are classified in 623220, Residential 

Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities; 

 Homes for the elderly without nursing care are classified in U.S. Industry 623312, Homes for the 

Elderly; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing inpatient nursing and rehabilitative services are 

classified in Industry 623110, Nursing Care Facilities; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in providing temporary shelter are classified in U.S. Industry 

624221, Temporary Shelters; and 

 Correctional camps are classified in Industry 922140, Correctional Institutions. 

624 Social Assistance 

 Industries in the Social Assistance subsector provide a wide variety of social assistance services directly 

to their clients. These services do not include residential or accommodation services, except on a short stay 

basis. 

6241 Individual and Family Services 

62411 Child and Youth Services 

 See industry description for 624110 below. 

624110 Child and Youth Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing nonresidential social assistance 

services for children and youth. These establishments provide for the welfare of children in such areas as 

adoption and foster care, drug prevention, life skills training, and positive social development. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Adoption agencies 

Youth centers (except recreational only) 

Child guidance organizations 

Youth self-help organizations 

Foster care placement services 

Cross-References. 

 Youth recreational centers are classified in Industry 713940, Fitness and Recreational Sports 

Centers; 

 Youth recreational sports teams and leagues are classified in Industry 713990, All Other 

Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Scouting organizations are classified in Industry 813410, Civic and Social Organizations; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing day care services for children are classified in 

Industry 624410, Child Day Care Services. 

62412 Services for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities 

 See industry description for 624120 below. 

624120 Services for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing nonresidential social assistance 

services to improve the quality of life for the elderly, persons diagnosed with mental retardation, or persons 

with disabilities. These establishments provide for the welfare of these individuals in such areas as day 

care, nonmedical home care or homemaker services, social activities, group support, and companionship. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing job training for persons diagnosed with mental retardation or persons with disabilities--

are classified in Industry 624310, Vocational Rehabilitation Services; 

 Providing residential care for the elderly, persons diagnosed with mental retardation, or persons 

with disabilities--are classified in Subsector 623, Nursing and Residential Care Facilities; and 
 Providing in-home health care services--are classified in Subsector 621, Ambulatory Health Care 

Services. 

62419 Other Individual and Family Services 

 See industry description for 624190 below. 

624190 Other Individual and Family Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing nonresidential individual and 

family social assistance services (except those specifically directed toward children, the elderly, persons 

diagnosed with mental retardation, or persons with disabilities). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Community action services agencies 

Marriage counseling services (except by offices of mental health practitioners) 

Crisis intervention centers 

Multipurpose social services centers 

Family social services agencies 

Self-help organizations (except for disabled persons, the elderly, persons diagnosed with mental 

retardation) 

Family welfare services 

Suicide crisis centers 

Hotline centers 

Telephone counseling services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing clinical psychological and psychiatric social counseling services--are classified in 

Industry 621330, Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians); 

 Providing child and youth social assistance services (except day care)--are classified in Industry 

624110, Child and Youth Services; 

 Providing child day care services--are classified in Industry 624410, Child Day Care Services; 

 Providing social assistance services for the elderly, persons diagnosed with mental retardation, and 

persons with disabilities--are classified in Industry 624120, Services for the Elderly and Persons 

with Disabilities; 

 Community action advocacy--are classified in U.S. Industry 813319, Other Social Advocacy 

Organizations; and 

 Providing in-home health care services--are classified in Subsector 621, Ambulatory Health Care 

Services. 

6242 Community Food and Housing, and Emergency and Other Relief Services 

62421 Community Food Services 

 See industry description for 624210 below. 

624210 Community Food Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the collection, preparation, and delivery of 

food for the needy. Establishments in this industry may also distribute clothing and blankets to the poor. 

These establishments may prepare and deliver meals to persons who by reason of age, disability, or illness 

are unable to prepare meals for themselves; collect and distribute salvageable or donated food; or prepare 

and provide meals at fixed or mobile locations. Food banks, meal delivery programs, and soup kitchens are 

included in this industry. 
62422 Community Housing Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing one or more of the following 

community housing services: (1) short term emergency shelter for victims of domestic violence, sexual 

assault, or child abuse; (2) temporary residential shelter for the homeless, runaway youths, and patients and 

families caught in medical crises; (3) transitional housing for low-income individuals and families; (4) 

volunteer construction or repair of low cost housing, in partnership with the homeowner who may assist in 

construction or repair work; and (5) repair of homes for elderly or disabled homeowners. These 

establishments may operate their own shelter; or may subsidize housing using existing homes, apartments, 

hotels, or motels; or may require a low-cost mortgage or work (sweat) equity. 

Cross-References. 

 Central offices of government housing programs are classified in Industry 92511, Administration of 

Housing Programs. 

624221 Temporary Shelters US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing (1) short term emergency 

shelter for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, or child abuse and/or (2) temporary residential 

shelter for homeless individuals or families, runaway youth, and patients and families caught in medical 

crises. These establishments may operate their own shelters or may subsidize housing using existing 

homes, apartments, hotels, or motels. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing emergency shelter for victims of domestic or international 

disasters or conflicts are classified in Industry 624230, Emergency and Other Relief Services. 

624229 Other Community Housing Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing one or more of the following 

community housing services: (1) transitional housing to low-income individuals and families; (2) volunteer 

construction or repair of low-cost housing, in partnership with the homeowner who may assist in the 

construction or repair work; and (3) the repair of homes for elderly or disabled homeowners. These 

establishments may subsidize housing using existing homes, apartments, hotels, or motels or may require a 

low-cost mortgage or sweat equity. These establishments may also provide low-income families with 

furniture and household supplies. 

Cross-References. 

 Central offices of government housing programs are classified in Industry 925110, Administration of 

Housing Programs. 

62423 Emergency and Other Relief Services 

 See industry description for 624230 below. 

 

624230 Emergency and Other Relief Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food, shelter, clothing, medical 

relief, resettlement, and counseling to victims of domestic or international disasters or conflicts (e.g., wars). 

6243 Vocational Rehabilitation Services 

62431 Vocational Rehabilitation Services 

 See industry description for 624310 below. 
624310 Vocational Rehabilitation Services CAN 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in providing vocational rehabilitation or 

habilitation services, such as job counseling, job training, and work experience, to unemployed and 

underemployed persons, persons with disabilities, and persons who have a job market disadvantage because 

of lack of education, job skill, or experience and (2) establishments primarily engaged in providing training 

and employment to persons with disabilities. Vocational rehabilitation job training facilities (except 

schools) and sheltered workshops (i.e., work experience centers) are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Schools (except high schools) primarily engaged in providing vocational training are classified in 

Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools; 

 Vocational high schools are classified in Industry 611110, Elementary and Secondary Schools; 

and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing career and vocational counseling (except 

rehabilitative) are classified in Industry 611710, Educational Support Services. 

6244 Child Day Care Services 

62441 Child Day Care Services 

 See industry description for 624410 below. 

624410 Child Day Care Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing day care of infants or children. 

These establishments generally care for preschool children, but may care for older children when they are 

not in school and may also offer pre-kindergarten educational programs. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Child day care babysitting services 

Nursery schools 

Child or infant day care centers 

Preschool centers 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in offering kindergarten educational programs are classified in Industry 

611110, Elementary and Secondary Schools. 
Sector 71--Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation sector includes a wide range of establishments that operate 

facilities or provide services to meet varied cultural, entertainment, and recreational interests of their 

patrons. This sector comprises (1) establishments that are involved in producing, promoting, or 

participating in live performances, events, or exhibits intended for public viewing; (2) establishments that 

preserve and exhibit objects and sites of historical, cultural, or educational interest; and (3) establishments 

that operate facilities or provide services that enable patrons to participate in recreational activities or 

pursue amusement, hobby, and leisure-time interests. 

 Some establishments that provide cultural, entertainment, or recreational facilities and services are 

classified in other sectors. Excluded from this sector are: (1) establishments that provide both 

accommodations and recreational facilities, such as hunting and fishing camps and resort and casino hotels 

are classified in Subsector 721, Accommodation; (2) restaurants and night clubs that provide live 

entertainment in addition to the sale of food and beverages are classified in Subsector 722, Food Services 

and Drinking Places; (3) motion picture theaters, libraries and archives, and publishers of newspapers, 

magazines, books, periodicals, and computer software are classified in Sector 51, Information; and (4) 

establishments using transportation equipment to provide recreational and entertainment services, such as 

those operating sightseeing buses, dinner cruises, or helicopter rides, are classified in Subsector 487, Scenic 

and Sightseeing Transportation. 

711 Performing Arts, Spectator Sports, and Related Industries 

 Industries in the Performing Arts, Spectator Sports, and Related Industries subsector group 

establishments that produce or organize and promote live presentations involving the performances of 

actors and actresses, singers, dancers, musical groups and artists, athletes, and other entertainers, including 

independent (i.e., freelance) entertainers and the establishments that manage their careers. The 

classification recognizes four basic processes: (1) producing (i.e., presenting) events; (2) organizing, 

managing, and/or promoting events; (3) managing and representing entertainers; and (4) providing the 

artistic, creative and technical skills necessary to the production of these live events. Also, this subsector 

contains four industries for performing arts companies. Each is defined on the basis of the particular skills 

of the entertainers involved in the presentations. 

 The industry structure for this subsector makes a clear distinction between performing arts companies and 

performing artists (i.e., independent or freelance). Although not unique to arts and entertainment, 

freelancing is a particularly important phenomenon in this Performing Arts, Spectator Sports, and Related 

Industries subsector. Distinguishing this activity from the production activity is a meaningful process 

differentiation. This approach, however, is difficult to implement in the case of musical groups (i.e., 

companies) and artists, especially pop groups. These establishments tend to be more loosely organized and 

it can be difficult to distinguish companies from freelancers. For this reason, NAICS includes one industry 

that covers both musical groups and musical artists. 

 This subsector contains two industries for Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, 

and Similar Events, one for those that operate facilities and another for those that do not. This is because 

there are significant differences in cost structures between those promoters that manage and provide the 

staff to operate facilities and those that do not. In addition to promoters without facilities, other industries 

in this subsector include establishments that may operate without permanent facilities. These types of 

establishments include: performing arts companies; musical groups and artists; spectator sports; and 

independent (i.e., freelance) artists, writers, and performers. 

 Excluded from this subsector are nightclubs. Some nightclubs promote live entertainment on a regular 

basis and it can be argued that they could be classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing 

Arts, Sports, and Similar Events. However, since most of these establishments function as any other 

drinking place when they do not promote entertainment and because most of their revenue is derived from 

sale of food and beverages, they are classified in Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places. 

7111 Performing Arts Companies 
 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing live presentations 

involving the performances of actors and actresses, singers, dancers, musical groups and artists, and other 

performing artists. 

71111 Theater Companies and Dinner Theaters 

 See industry description for 711110 below. 

 

711110 Theater Companies and Dinner Theaters US 

 This industry comprises (1) companies, groups, or theaters primarily engaged in producing the following 

live theatrical presentations: musicals; operas; plays; and comedy, improvisational, mime, and puppet 

shows and (2) establishments, commonly known as dinner theaters, engaged in producing live theatrical 

productions and in providing food and beverages for consumption on the premises. Theater groups or 

companies may or may not operate their own theater or other facility for staging their shows. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Comedy troupes 

Opera companies 

Live theatrical productions (except dance) 

Theatrical stock or repertory companies 

Musical theater companies 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments, such as nightclubs, primarily engaged in providing food and beverages for 

consumption on the premises and that also present live nontheatrical entertainment, are classified 

in Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, managing, and/or promoting performing arts 

productions without producing their own shows are classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters 

of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events; 

 Companies, groups, or theaters primarily engaged in producing all types of live theatrical dance 

presentations are classified in Industry 711120, Dance Companies; 

 Freelance producers and performing artists (except musicians and vocalists) primarily engaged in 

theatrical activities independent of a company or group are classified in Industry 711510, 

Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; and 

 Musicians and vocalists are classified in Industry 711130, Musical Groups and Artists. 

71112 Dance Companies 

 See industry description for 711120 below. 

711120 Dance Companies CAN 

 This industry comprises companies, groups, or theaters primarily engaged in producing all types of live 

theatrical dance (e.g., ballet, contemporary dance, folk dance) presentations. Dance companies or groups 

may or may not operate their own theater or other facility for staging their shows. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments, such as exotic dance clubs, primarily engaged in providing food and beverages for 

consumption on the premises and that also present live dance entertainment, are classified in 

Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing dance productions 

without producing their own shows are classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters of 

Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events; and 

 Freelance producers and dancers primarily engaged in theatrical activities independent of a 

company or group are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers. 

71113 Musical Groups and Artists 

 See industry description for 711130 below. 

711130 Musical Groups and Artists CAN 

 This industry comprises (1) groups primarily engaged in producing live musical entertainment (except 

theatrical musical or opera productions), and (2) independent (i.e., freelance) artists primarily engaged in 

providing live musical entertainment. Musical groups and artists may perform in front of a live audience or 

in a studio, and may or may not operate their own facilities for staging their shows. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bands 

Musical groups (except theatrical musical groups) 

Drum and bugle corps (i.e., drill teams) 

Orchestras 

Independent musicians or vocalists 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing concerts and other 

musical performances without producing their own shows are classified in Industry Group 7113, 

Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events; 

 Companies, groups, or theaters primarily engaged in producing theatrical musicals and opera 

productions are classified in Industry 711110, Theater Companies and Dinner Theaters; and 

 Freelance producers (except musical groups and artists) primarily engaged in musical activities 

independent of a company or group are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, 

Writers, and Performers. 

71119 Other Performing Arts Companies 

 See industry description for 711190 below. 

711190 Other Performing Arts Companies CAN 

 This industry comprises companies or groups (except theater companies, dance companies, musical 

groups, and artists) primarily engaged in producing live theatrical presentations. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Carnival traveling shows 

Ice skating companies 

Circuses 

Magic shows 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments, such as comedy clubs or nightclubs, primarily engaged in providing food and 

beverages for consumption on the premises and that also present live nontheatrical entertainment 

are classified in Subsector 722, Food Services and Drinking Places; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing ice skating shows, 

circuses, and other live performing arts presentations without producing their own shows are 

classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events; 

 Theater companies and groups (except dance) or dinner theaters engaged in producing musicals; 

plays; operas; and comedy, improvisational, mime, and puppet shows are classified in Industry 

711110, Theater Companies and Dinner Theaters; 

 Dance companies or groups are classified in Industry 711120, Dance Companies; 

 Freelance producers and performing artists (except musicians and vocalists) are classified in 

Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; and 

 Musical groups and independent musicians and vocalists are classified in Industry 711130, 

Musical Groups and Artists. 

7112 Spectator Sports 

71121 Spectator Sports 

 This industry comprises (1) sports teams or clubs primarily participating in live sporting events before a 

paying audience; (2) establishments primarily engaged in operating racetracks; (3) independent athletes 

engaged in participating in live sporting or racing events before a paying audience; (4) owners of racing 

participants, such as cars, dogs, and horses, primarily engaged in entering them in racing events or other 

spectator sports events; and (5) establishments, such as sports trainers, primarily engaged in providing 

specialized services to support participants in sports events or competitions. The sports teams and clubs 

included in this industry may or may not operate their own arena, stadium, or other facility for presenting 

their games or other spectator sports events. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in promoting sporting events without participating in sporting 

events are classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar 

Events; 

 Establishments, such as youth league baseball teams, primarily engaged in participating in 

sporting events for recreational purposes without playing before a paying audience are classified 

in Industry 71399, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Amateur, semiprofessional, or professional athletic associations or leagues are classified in 

Industry 81399, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political 

Organizations); 

 Establishments primarily engaged in representing or managing the careers of sports figures are 

classified in Industry 71141, Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other 

Public Figures; 

 Independent athletes engaged in providing sports instruction without participating in sporting 

events before a paying audience are classified in Industry 61162, Sports and Recreation 

Instruction; 

 Independent athletes exclusively engaged in endorsing products or making speeches are classified 

in Industry 71151, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising horses, mules, donkeys, and other equines are 

classified in Industry 11292, Horses and Other Equine Production. 

711211 Sports Teams and Clubs CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises professional or semiprofessional sports teams or clubs primarily engaged in 

participating in live sporting events, such as baseball, basketball, football, hockey, soccer, and jai alai 

games, before a paying audience. These establishments may or may not operate their own arena, stadium, 

or other facility for presenting these events. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in promoting sporting events without participating in sporting 

events are classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar 

Events; 

 Establishments, such as youth league baseball teams, primarily engaged in participating in 

sporting events for recreational purposes without playing before a paying audience are classified 

in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; and 

 Amateur, semiprofessional, or professional athletic associations or leagues are classified in 

Industry 813990, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political 

Organizations). 

711212 Racetracks US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating racetracks. These 

establishments may also present and/or promote the events, such as auto, dog, and horse races, held in these 

facilities. 

Cross-References. 

 Owners of racing participants, such as cars, dogs, and horses, primarily engaged in entering them in 

racing events; trainers of racing participants; and independent athletes, such as jockeys and race car drivers, 

primarily engaged in participating in racing events are classified in U.S. Industry 711219, Other Spectator 

Sports. 

711219 Other Spectator Sports US 

 This U.S. industry comprises (1) independent athletes, such as professional or semiprofessional golfers, 

boxers, and race car drivers, primarily engaged in participating in live sporting or racing events before a 

paying audience; (2) owners of racing participants, such as cars, dogs, and horses, primarily engaged in 

entering them in racing events or other spectator events; and (3) establishments, such as sports trainers, 

primarily engaged in providing specialized services required to support participants in sports events or 

competitions. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating racetracks are classified in U.S. Industry 711212, 

Racetracks; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in representing or managing the careers of sports figures are 

classified in Industry 711410, Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other 

Public Figures; 

 Independent athletes engaged in providing sports instruction without participating in sporting 

events before a paying audience are classified in Industry 611620, Sports and Recreation 

Instruction; 

 Independent athletes exclusively engaged in endorsing products or making speeches are classified 

in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising horses, mules, donkeys, and other equines are 

classified in Industry 112920, Horses and Other Equine Production. 

7113 Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events 

71131 Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events with Facilities 

 See industry description for 711310 below. 

711310 Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events with Facilities US 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) organizing, promoting, and/or managing 

live performing arts productions, sports events, and similar events, such as state fairs, county fairs, 

agricultural fairs, concerts, and festivals, held in facilities that they manage and operate and/or (2) 

managing and providing the staff to operate arenas, stadiums, theaters, or other related facilities for rent to 

other promoters. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Producing live performances (but may also promote the performances and/or operate the facilities 

where the performances take place)--are classified in Industry Group 7111, Performing Arts 

Companies; 

 Operating racetracks (but may also promote the events held in these facilities)--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 711212, Racetracks; 

 Presenting sporting events (but may also promote these sporting events and/or operate the 

stadiums or arenas where the sporting events take place)--are classified in U.S. Industry 711211, 

Sports Teams and Clubs; 

 Organizing, promoting, and/or managing conventions, conferences, and trade shows (but may also 

operate the facilities where these events take place)--are classified in Industry 561920, Convention 

and Trade Show Organizers; 

 Organizing, promoting, and/or managing performing arts productions, sports events, and similar 

events in facilities managed and operated by others--are classified in Industry 711320, Promoters 

of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events without Facilities; and 

 Leasing stadiums, arenas, theaters, and other related facilities to others without operating the 

facilities--are classified in Industry 531120, Lessors of Nonresidential Buildings (except 

Miniwarehouses). 

71132 Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events without Facilities 

 See industry description for 711320 below. 

711320 Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events without Facilities MEX 

 This industry comprises promoters primarily engaged in organizing, promoting, and/or managing live 

performing arts productions, sports events, and similar events, such as state fairs, county fairs, agricultural 

fairs, concerts, and festivals, in facilities that are managed and operated by others. Theatrical (except 

motion picture) booking agencies are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Booking motion pictures or videos--are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other Motion Picture 

and Video Industries; 

 Producing live performances (but may also promote the performances)--are classified in Industry 

Group 7111, Performing Arts Companies; 

 Operating racetracks (but may also promote the events held in these facilities)--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 711212, Racetracks; 

 Presenting sporting events (but may also promote these events)--are classified in U.S. Industry 

711211, Sports Teams and Clubs; 

 Organizing, promoting, and/or managing conventions, conferences, and trade shows (but may also 

operate the facilities where these events take place)--are classified in Industry 561920, Convention 

and Trade Show Organizers; 

 Organizing, promoting, and/or managing performing arts, sports, and similar events in facilities 

they manage or operate--are classified in Industry 711310, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, 

and Similar Events with Facilities; and 

 Operating amateur, semiprofessional, or professional athletic associations or leagues--are 

classified in Industry 813990, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, 

and Political Organizations). 
7114 Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other Public Figures 

71141 Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other Public Figures 

 See industry description for 711410 below. 

711410 Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other Public Figures 

 This industry comprises establishments of agents and managers primarily engaged in representing and/or 

managing creative and performing artists, sports figures, entertainers, and other public figures. The 

representation and management includes activities, such as representing clients in contract negotiations; 

managing or organizing client's financial affairs; and generally promoting the careers of their clients. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Celebrity agents or managers 

Sports figure agents or managers 

Literary agents 

Talent agents 

Modeling agents 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in supplying models to clients are classified in Industry 561320, 

Temporary Help Services; and 

 Establishments known as model registries primarily engaged in recruiting and placing models for 

clients are classified in U.S. Industry 561311, Employment Placement Agencies. 

7115 Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers 

71151 Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers 

 See industry description for 711510 below. 

711510 Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers 

 This industry comprises independent (i.e., freelance) individuals primarily engaged in performing in 

artistic productions, in creating artistic and cultural works or productions, or in providing technical 

expertise necessary for these productions. This industry also includes athletes and other celebrities 

exclusively engaged in endorsing products and making speeches or public appearances for which they 

receive a fee. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Independent actors or actresses 

Independent producers 

Independent art restorers 

Independent recording technicians 

Independent artists (except musical, commercial, or medical) 

Independent speakers 

Independent cartoonists 

Independent theatrical costume designers 

Independent dancers 

Independent theatrical lighting technicians 

Independent journalists 

Cross-References. 
 Freelance musicians and vocalists are classified in Industry 711130, Musical Groups and Artists; 

 Independent commercial artists and graphic designers are classified in Industry 541430, Graphic 

Design Services; and 

 Artisans and craftspersons are classified in Sector 31-33, Manufacturing. 

712 Museums, Historical Sites, and Similar Institutions 

 Industries in the Museums, Historical Sites, and Similar Institutions subsector engage in the preservation 

and exhibition of objects, sites, and natural wonders of historical, cultural, and/or educational value. 

7121 Museums, Historical Sites, and Similar Institutions 

71211 Museums 

 See industry description for 712110 below. 

712110 Museums US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the preservation and exhibition of objects of 

historical, cultural, and/or educational value. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Art galleries (except retail) 

Planetariums 

Art museums 

Science or technology museums 

Halls of fame 

Wax museums 

Cross-References. 

 Commercial art galleries primarily engaged in selling art objects are classified in Industry 453920, Art 

Dealers. 

71212 Historical Sites 

 See industry description for 712120 below. 

712120 Historical Sites 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the preservation and exhibition of sites, 

buildings, forts, or communities that describe events or persons of particular historical interest. 

Archeological sites, battlefields, historical ships, and pioneer villages are included in this industry. 

 

71213 Zoos and Botanical Gardens 

 See industry description for 712130 below. 

712130 Zoos and Botanical Gardens CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the preservation and exhibition of live plant 

and animal life displays. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aquariums 

Wild animal parks 
Arboreta 

Zoological gardens 

Aviaries 

71219 Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions 

 See industry description for 712190 below. 

712190 Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the preservation and exhibition of natural 

areas or settings. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bird or wildlife sanctuaries 

Natural wonder (e.g., cavern, waterfall) tourist attractions 

Conservation areas 

Nature centers or preserves 

National parks 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating commercial hunting or fishing preserves (e.g., game 

farms) are classified in Industry 114210, Hunting and Trapping. 

713 Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation Industries 

 Industries in the Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation Industries subsector (1) operate facilities where 

patrons can primarily engage in sports, recreation, amusement, or gambling activities and/or (2) provide 

other amusement and recreation services, such as supplying and servicing amusement devices in places of 

business operated by others; operating sports teams, clubs, or leagues engaged in playing games for 

recreational purposes; and guiding tours without using transportation equipment. 

 This subsector does not cover all establishments providing recreational services. Other sectors of NAICS 

also provide recreational services. Providers of recreational services are often engaged in processes 

classified in other sectors of NAICS. For example, operators of resorts and hunting and fishing camps 

provide both accommodation and recreational facilities and services. These establishments are classified in 

Subsector 721, Accommodation, partly to reflect the significant costs associated with the provision of 

accommodation services and partly to ensure consistency with international standards. Likewise, 

establishments using transportation equipment to provide recreational and entertainment services, such as 

those operating sightseeing buses, dinner cruises, or helicopter rides, are classified in Subsector 48-49, 

Transportation and Warehousing. 

 The industry groups in this subsector highlight particular types of activities: amusement parks and 

arcades, gambling industries, and other amusement and recreation industries. The groups, however, are not 

all inclusive of the activity. The Gambling Industries industry group does not provide for full coverage of 

gambling activities. For example, casino hotels are classified in Subsector 721, Accommodation; and horse 

and dog racing tracks are classified in Industry Group 7112, Spectator Sports. 

7131 Amusement Parks and Arcades 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating amusement parks and 

amusement arcades and parlors. 

71311 Amusement and Theme Parks 

 See industry description for 713110 below. 

713110 Amusement and Theme Parks CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments, known as amusement or theme parks, primarily engaged in 

operating a variety of attractions, such as mechanical rides, water rides, games, shows, theme exhibits, 

refreshment stands, and picnic grounds. These establishments may lease space to others on a concession 

basis. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating mechanical or water rides on a concession basis in amusement parks, fairs, and 

carnivals or in operating a single attraction, such as a waterslide--are classified in Industry 713990, 

All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Operating refreshment stands on a concession basis--are classified in Industry Group 7222, 

Limited-Service Eating Places; 

 Supplying and servicing coin-operated amusement (except gambling) devices in other's facilities--

are classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Supplying and servicing coin-operated gambling devices (e.g., slot machines) in places of business 

operated by others--are classified in Industry 713290, Other Gambling Industries; and 

 Organizing, promoting, and/or managing events, such as carnivals and fairs, with or without 

facilities--are classified in Industry Group 7113, Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and 

Similar Events. 

71312 Amusement Arcades 

 See industry description for 713120 below. 

713120 Amusement Arcades 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating amusement (except gambling, 

billiard, or pool) arcades and parlors. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Supplying and servicing coin-operated amusement (except gambling) devices in places of business 

operated by others or in operating billiard or pool parlors--are classified in Industry 713990, All 

Other Amusement and Recreation Industries; 

 Operating bingo, off-track betting, or slot machine parlors or in supplying and servicing coinoperated gambling devices (e.g., slot machines or video gambling terminals) in places of business 

operated by others--are classified in Industry 713290, Other Gambling Industries; 

 Operating casinos (except casino hotels)--are classified in Industry 713210, Casinos (except 

Casino Hotels); and 

 Operating casino hotels--are classified in Industry 721120, Casino Hotels. 

7132 Gambling Industries 

 This industry group comprises establishments (except casino hotels) primarily engaged in operating 

gambling facilities, such as casinos, bingo halls, and video gaming terminals, or in the provision of 

gambling services, such as lotteries and off-track betting. Casino hotels are classified in Industry 72112, 

Casino Hotels. 

71321 Casinos (except Casino Hotels) 

 See industry description for 713210 below. 

 

713210 Casinos (except Casino Hotels) 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating gambling facilities that offer table 

wagering games along with other gambling activities, such as slot machines and sports betting. These 
establishments often provide food and beverage services. Included in this industry are floating casinos (i.e., 

gambling cruises, riverboat casinos). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating bingo, off-track betting, or slot machine parlors or in supplying and servicing coinoperated gambling devices, such as slot machines and video gaming terminals in places of 

business operated by others--are classified in Industry 713290, Other Gambling Industries; and 

 Operating casino hotels--are classified in Industry 721120, Casino Hotels. 

71329 Other Gambling Industries 

 See industry description for 713290 below. 

713290 Other Gambling Industries US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating gambling facilities (except 

casinos or casino hotels) or providing gambling services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bingo, off-track betting, or slot machine parlors 

Coin-operated gambling device concession operators (i.e., supplying and servicing in others’ facilities) 

Bookmakers 

Lottery ticket sales agents (except retail stores) 

Card rooms (e.g., poker rooms) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating casinos--are classified in Industry 713210, Casinos (except Casino Hotels); 

 Operating casino hotels--are classified in Industry 721120, Casino Hotels; 

 Operating facilities with coin-operated nongambling amusement devices--are classified in Industry 

713120, Amusement Arcades; 

 Supplying and servicing coin-operated nongambling amusement devices in places of business 

operated by others--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation 

Industries; and 

 Operating racetracks or presenting live racing or sporting events--are classified in Industry 71121, 

Spectator Sports. 

7139 Other Amusement and Recreation Industries 

71391 Golf Courses and Country Clubs 

 See industry description for 713910 below. 

713910 Golf Courses and Country Clubs 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in operating golf courses (except 

miniature) and (2) establishments primarily engaged in operating golf courses, along with dining facilities 

and other recreational facilities that are known as country clubs. These establishments often provide food 

and beverage services, equipment rental services, and golf instruction services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating driving ranges and miniature golf courses--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other 

Amusement and Recreation Industries; and 
 Operating resorts where golf facilities are combined with accommodations--are classified in 

Industry Group 7211, Traveler Accommodation. 

71392 Skiing Facilities 

 See industry description for 713920 below. 

713920 Skiing Facilities 

 This industry comprises establishments engaged in (1) operating downhill, cross-country, or related 

skiing areas and/or (2) operating equipment, such as ski lifts and tows. These establishments often provide 

food and beverage services, equipment rental services, and ski instruction services. Four-season resorts 

without accommodations are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating resorts where skiing facilities are combined with 

accommodations are classified in Industry Group 7211, Traveler Accommodation. 

71393 Marinas 

 See industry description for 713930 below. 

713930 Marinas 

 This industry comprises establishments, commonly known as marinas, engaged in operating docking 

and/or storage facilities for pleasure craft owners, with or without one or more related activities, such as 

retailing fuel and marine supplies; and repairing, maintaining, or renting pleasure boats. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Renting pleasure boats--are classified in U.S. Industry 532292, Recreational Goods Rental; 

 Repairing pleasure boats--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household Goods 

Repair and Maintenance; 

 Retailing marine supplies--are classified in U.S. Industry 441222, Boat Dealers; and 

 Retailing fuel for boats--are classified in Industry 447190, Other Gasoline Stations. 

71394 Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers 

 See industry description for 713940 below. 

713940 Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating fitness and recreational sports 

facilities featuring exercise and other active physical fitness conditioning or recreational sports activities, 

such as swimming, skating, or racquet sports. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Aerobic dance or exercise centers 

Ice or roller skating rinks 

Gymnasiums 

Physical fitness centers 

Handball, racquetball, or tennis club facilities 

Swimming or wave pools 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in providing nonmedical services to assist clients in attaining or 

maintaining a desired weight are classified in U.S. Industry 812191, Diet and Weight Reducing 

Centers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating health resorts and spas where recreational facilities 

are combined with accommodations are classified in Industry 721110, Hotels (except Casino 

Hotels) and Motels; and 

 Recreational sports clubs (i.e., sports teams) not operating sports facilities are classified in 

Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries. 

71395 Bowling Centers 

 See industry description for 713950 below. 

713950 Bowling Centers 

 This industry comprises establishments engaged in operating bowling centers. These establishments 

often provide food and beverage services. 

71399 All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries 

 See industry description for 713990 below. 

713990 All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments (except amusement parks and arcades; gambling industries; golf 

courses and country clubs; skiing facilities; marinas; fitness and recreational sports centers; and bowling 

centers) primarily engaged in providing recreational and amusement services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Amusement ride or coin-operated nongambling amusement device concession operators (i.e., 

supplying or servicing in others’ facilities) 

Miniature golf courses 

Archery or shooting ranges 

Recreational day camps (except instructional) 

Billiard or pool parlors 

Recreational or youth sports teams and leagues 

Boating clubs (without marinas) 

Recreational sports clubs (i.e., sports teams) not operating facilities 

Dance halls 

Riding stables 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating amusement parks and arcades are classified in 

Industry Group 7131, Amusement Parks and Arcades; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating gambling facilities (except casino hotels) or 

providing gambling services are classified in Industry Group 7132, Gambling Industries; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating casino hotels are classified in Industry 721120, 

Casino Hotels; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating golf courses (except miniature) and country clubs 

are classified in Industry 713910, Golf Courses and Country Clubs; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating skiing facilities without hotel accommodation are 

classified in Industry 713920, Skiing Facilities; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating resorts where recreational facilities are combined 

with lodging are classified in Industry Group 7211, Traveler Accommodation; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating marinas are classified in Industry 713930, Marinas; 
 Establishments primarily engaged in operating fitness and recreational sports centers are classified 

in Industry 713940, Fitness and Recreational Sports Centers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating bowling centers are classified in Industry 713950, 

Bowling Centers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating instructional camps, such as sports camps, fine arts 

camps, and computer camps, are classified in Sector 61, Educational Services based on the nature 

of instruction; 

 Independent athletes engaged in participating in sporting events before a paying audience are 

classified in U.S. Industry 711219, Other Spectator Sports; 

 Independent athletes engaged in providing sports instruction without participating in sporting 

events before a paying audience are classified in Industry 611620, Sports and Recreation 

Instruction; 

 Independent athletes exclusively engaged in endorsing products or making speeches are classified 

in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transportation are classified 

in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation; 

 Aviation clubs primarily engaged in providing specialty air and flying services are classified in 

U.S. Industry 481219, Other Nonscheduled Air Transportation; 

 Aviation clubs primarily engaged in advocating social and political causes are classified in U.S. 

Industry 813319, Other Social Advocacy Organizations; and 

 Amateur, semiprofessional, or professional athletic associations or leagues are classified in 

Industry 813990, Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political 

Organizations). 
Sector 72--Accommodation and Food Services 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Accommodation and Food Services sector comprises establishments providing customers with 

lodging and/or preparing meals, snacks, and beverages for immediate consumption. The sector includes 

both accommodation and food services establishments because the two activities are often combined at the 

same establishment. 

 Excluded from this sector are civic and social organizations; amusement and recreation parks; theaters; 

and other recreation or entertainment facilities providing food and beverage services. 

721 Accommodation 

 Industries in the Accommodation subsector provide lodging or short-term accommodations for travelers, 

vacationers, and others. There is a wide range of establishments in these industries. Some provide lodging 

only; while others provide meals, laundry services, and recreational facilities, as well as lodging. Lodging 

establishments are classified in this subsector even if the provision of complementary services generates 

more revenue. The types of complementary services provided vary from establishment to establishment. 

 The subsector is organized into three industry groups: (1) traveler accommodation, (2) recreational 

accommodation, and (3) rooming and boarding houses. The Traveler Accommodation industry group 

includes establishments that primarily provide traditional types of lodging services. This group includes 

hotels, motels, and bed and breakfast inns. In addition to lodging, these establishments may provide a 

range of other services to their guests. The RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Recreational Camps 

industry group includes establishments that operate lodging facilities primarily designed to accommodate 

outdoor enthusiasts. Included are travel trailer campsites, recreational vehicle parks, and outdoor adventure 

retreats. The Rooming and Boarding Houses industry group includes establishments providing temporary 

or longer-term accommodations, which for the period of occupancy, may serve as a principal residence. 

Board (i.e., meals) may be provided but is not essential. 

 Establishments that manage short-stay accommodation establishments (e.g., hotels and motels) on a 

contractual basis are classified in this subsector if they both manage the operation and provide the operating 

staff. Such establishments are classified based on the type of facility managed and operated. 

7211 Traveler Accommodation 

72111 Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels 

 See industry description for 721110 below. 

721110 Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels US 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging in facilities 

known as hotels, motor hotels, resort hotels, and motels. The establishments in this industry may offer food 

and beverage services, recreational services, conference rooms and convention services, laundry services, 

parking, and other services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing short-term lodging with a casino on the premises--are classified in Industry 721120, 

Casino Hotels; and 

 Providing short-term lodging in facilities known as bed-and-breakfast inns, youth hostels, 

housekeeping cabins and cottages, and tourist homes--are classified in Industry 72119, Other 

Traveler Accommodation. 

72112 Casino Hotels 

 See industry description for 721120 below. 
721120 Casino Hotels 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging in hotel 

facilities with a casino on the premises. The casino on premises includes table wagering games and may 

include other gambling activities, such as slot machines and sports betting. These establishments generally 

offer a range of services and amenities, such as food and beverage services, entertainment, valet parking, 

swimming pools, and conference and convention facilities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing short-term lodging in facilities known as hotels and motels that provide limited 

gambling activities, such as slot machines, without a casino on the premises--are classified in 

Industry 721110, Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels; and 

 Operating as stand-alone casinos--are classified in Industry 713210, Casinos (except Casino 

Hotels). 

72119 Other Traveler Accommodation 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging (except hotels, 

motels, and casino hotels). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bed-and-breakfast inns 

Tourist homes 

Guest houses 

Youth hostels 

Housekeeping cabins and cottages 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing short-term lodging in facilities known as hotels without a casino on the premises--are 

classified in Industry 72111, Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels; and 

 Providing short-term lodging in facilities known as hotels with a casino on the premises--are 

classified in Industry 72112, Casino Hotels. 

721191 Bed-and-Breakfast Inns CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging in 

facilities known as bed-and-breakfast inns. These establishments provide short-term lodging in private 

homes or small buildings converted for this purpose. Bed-and-breakfast inns are characterized by a highly 

personalized service and inclusion of a full breakfast in the room rate. 

721199 All Other Traveler Accommodation US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing short-term lodging (except 

hotels, motels, casino hotels, and bed-and-breakfast inns). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Guest houses 

Tourist homes 

Housekeeping cabins and cottages 

Youth hostels 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing short-term lodging in facilities known as hotels without a casino on the premises--are 

classified in Industry 721110, Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels; 

 Providing short-term lodging in facilities known as hotels with a casino on the premises--are 

classified in Industry 721120, Casino Hotels; and 

 Providing short-term lodging in establishments known as bed-and-breakfast inns--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 721191, Bed-and-Breakfast Inns. 

7212 RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Recreational Camps 

72121 RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Recreational Camps 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating recreational vehicle parks and 

campgrounds and recreational and vacation camps. These establishments cater to outdoor enthusiasts and 

are characterized by the type of accommodation and by the nature and the range of recreational facilities 

and activities provided to their clients. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fishing and hunting camps 

Travel trailer campsites 

Outdoor adventure retreats 

Vacation camps (except instructional, day) 

Recreational vehicle parks 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating recreational facilities without accommodations--are classified in Subsector 713, 

Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation Industries; 

 Operating instructional camps, such as sports camps, fine arts camps, and computer camps--are 

classified in Sector 61, Educational Services, based on the nature of instruction; 

 Operating children's day camps (except instructional)--are classified in Industry 71399, All Other 

Amusement and Recreation Industries; and 

 Acting as lessors of residential mobile home sites (i.e., trailer parks)--are classified in Industry 

53119, Lessors of Other Real Estate Property. 

721211 RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Campgrounds CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating sites to accommodate 

campers and their equipment, including tents, tent trailers, travel trailers, and RVs (recreational vehicles). 

These establishments may provide access to facilities, such as washrooms, laundry rooms, recreation halls 

and playgrounds, stores, and snack bars. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating recreational facilities without accommodations--are classified in Subsector 713, 

Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation Industries; and 

 Acting as lessors of residential mobile home sites (i.e., trailer parks)--are classified in Industry 

531190, Lessors of Other Real Estate Property. 

721214 Recreational and Vacation Camps (except Campgrounds) US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating overnight recreational 

camps, such as children's camps, family vacation camps, hunting and fishing camps, and outdoor adventure 

retreats that offer trail riding, white-water rafting, hiking, and similar activities. These establishments 
provide accommodation facilities, such as cabins and fixed campsites, and other amenities, such as food 

services, recreational facilities and equipment, and organized recreational activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Fishing camps 

Vacation camps (except instructional, day) 

Hunting camps 

Wilderness camps 

Outdoor adventure retreats 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating instructional camps, such as sports camps, fine arts camps, and computer camps--are 

classified in Sector 61, Educational Services, based on the nature of instruction; and 

 Operating children's day camps (except instructional)--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other 

Amusement and Recreation Industries. 

7213 Rooming and Boarding Houses 

72131 Rooming and Boarding Houses 

 See industry description for 721310 below. 

721310 Rooming and Boarding Houses CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating rooming and boarding houses and 

similar facilities, such as fraternity houses, sorority houses, off-campus dormitories, residential clubs, and 

workers' camps. These establishments provide temporary or longer-term accommodations which, for the 

period of occupancy, may serve as a principal residence. These establishments also may provide 

complementary services, such as housekeeping, meals, and laundry services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Dormitories (off campus) 

Sorority houses 

Fraternity houses 

Workers' camps 

Rooming houses 

722 Food Services and Drinking Places 

 Industries in the Food Services and Drinking Places subsector prepare meals, snacks, and beverages to 

customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption. There is a wide range of 

establishments in these industries. Some provide food and drink only; while others provide various 

combinations of seating space, waiter/waitress services and incidental amenities, such as limited 

entertainment. The industries in the subsector are grouped based on the type and level of 

services provided. The industry groups are full-service restaurants; limited-service eating places; special 

food services, such as food service contractors, caterers, and mobile food services; and drinking places. 

 Food and beverage services at hotels and motels; amusement parks, theaters, casinos, country clubs, and 

similar recreational facilities; and civic and social organizations are included in this subsector only if these 

services are provided by a separate establishment primarily engaged in providing food and beverage 

services. 

 Excluded from this subsector are establishments operating dinner cruises. These establishments are 

classified in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation because those establishments utilize 

transportation equipment to provide scenic recreational entertainment. 
7221 Full-Service Restaurants 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food services to patrons 

who order and are served while seated (i.e., waiter/waitress service) and pay after eating. Establishments 

that provide these types of food services to patrons with any combination of other services, such as takeout 

services, are classified in this industry. 

72211 Full-Service Restaurants 

 See industry description for 722110 below. 

722110 Full-Service Restaurants CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food services to patrons who 

order and are served while seated (i.e., waiter/waitress service) and pay after eating. These establishments 

may provide this type of food service to patrons in combination with selling alcoholic beverages, providing 

carry out services, or presenting live nontheatrical entertainment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing food services where patrons generally order or select items and pay before eating--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722211, Limited-Service Restaurants; 

 Selling a specialty snack or nonalcoholic beverage for consumption on or near the premises--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Preparing and serving alcoholic beverages and known as bars, taverns, or nightclubs--are 

classified in Industry 722410, Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages); and 

 Presenting live theatrical productions and providing food and beverages for consumption on the 

premises--are classified in Industry 711110, Theater Companies and Dinner Theaters. 

7222 Limited-Service Eating Places

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food services where 

patrons generally order or select items and pay before eating. Most establishments do not have 

waiter/waitress service, but some provide limited service, such as cooking to order (i.e., per special 

request), bringing food to seated customers, or providing off-site delivery. 

 

72221 Limited-Service Eating Places 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) providing food services where patrons 

generally order or select items and pay before eating or (2) selling a specialty snack or nonalcoholic 

beverage for consumption on or near the premises. Food and drink may be consumed on the premises, 

taken out, or delivered to the customer's location. Some establishments (except snack and nonalcoholic 

beverage bars) in this industry may provide these food services in combination with selling alcoholic 

beverages. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cafeterias 

Pizza delivery shops 

Fast-food restaurants 

Snack bars (e.g., cookies, pretzels, popcorn) 

Nonalcoholic beverage bars 

Takeout eating places 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Providing food services to patrons who order and are served while seated and pay after eating in 

combination with providing takeout service--are classified in Industry 72211, Full-Service 

Restaurants; 

 Retailing confectionery goods and nuts not packaged for immediate consumption--are classified in 

Industry 44529, Other Specialty Food Stores; 

 Retailing baked goods (e.g., pretzels, doughnuts, cookies, and bagels) not baked on the premises 

and not for immediate consumption--are classified in Industry 44529, Other Specialty Food 

Stores; 

 Retailing baked goods (e.g., doughnuts and bagels) and providing food services to patrons who 

order and are served while seated and pay after eating--are classified in Industry 72211, FullService Restaurants; 

 Selling snacks and nonalcoholic beverages from mobile vehicles--are classified in Industry 72233, 

Mobile Food Services; and 

 Preparing and serving alcoholic beverages and known as bars, taverns, or nightclubs--are 

classified in Industry 72241, Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages). 

722211 Limited-Service Restaurants US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food services (except snack 

and nonalcoholic beverage bars) where patrons generally order or select items and pay before eating. Food 

and drink may be consumed on premises, taken out, or delivered to the customer's location. Some 

establishments in this industry may provide these food services in combination with selling alcoholic 

beverages. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Delicatessen restaurants 

Pizza delivery shops 

Family restaurants, limited service 

Takeout eating places 

Fast-food restaurants 

Takeout sandwich shops 

Limited-service pizza parlors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing and serving meals for immediate consumption using cafeteria-style serving equipment, 

known as cafeterias--are classified in U.S. Industry 722212, Cafeterias, Grill Buffets, and Buffets; 

 Providing food services to patrons who order and are served while seated and pay after eating--are 

classified in Industry 722110, Full-Service Restaurants; 

 Selling a specialty snack (e.g., ice cream, frozen yogurt, candy, cookies) or nonalcoholic 

beverages, for consumption on or near the premises--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack 

and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Retailing confectionery goods and nuts not packaged for immediate consumption--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; 

 Retailing baked goods (e.g., pretzels, doughnuts, cookies, and bagels) not baked on the premises 

and not for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; 

 Preparing and serving alcoholic beverages, known as bars, taverns, or nightclubs--are classified in 

Industry 722410, Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages); and 

 Selling baked goods (e.g., doughnuts and bagels) and providing food services to patrons who order 

and are served while seated and pay after eating--are classified in Industry 722110, Full-Service 

Restaurants. 

722212 Cafeterias, Grill Buffets, and Buffets US 
 This industry comprises establishments, known as cafeterias, buffets, or grill buffets, primarily engaged 

in preparing and serving meals for immediate consumption using cafeteria-style or buffet serving 

equipment, such as steam tables, refrigerated areas, display grills, and self-service nonalcoholic beverage 

dispensing equipment. Patrons select from food and drink items on display in a continuous cafeteria line or 

from buffet stations. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing food services to patrons who order and are served while seated and pay after eating--are 

classified in Industry 722110, Full-Service Restaurants; and 

 Providing food services where patrons generally order or select items and pay before eating, other 

than cafeterias, buffets, grill buffets, and snack and nonalcoholic beverage bars--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 722211, Limited-Service Restaurants. 

722213 Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) preparing and/or serving a specialty 

snack, such as ice cream, frozen yogurt, cookies, or popcorn or (2) serving nonalcoholic beverages, such as 

coffee, juices, or sodas for consumption on or near the premises. These establishments may carry and sell a 

combination of snack, nonalcoholic beverage, and other related products (e.g., coffee beans, mugs, coffee 

makers) but generally promote and sell a unique snack or nonalcoholic beverage. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Beverage bars 

Carryout service doughnut shops with on-premises baking 

Carryout service bagel shops with on-premises baking 

Carryout service pretzel shops with on-premises baking 

Carryout service cookie shops with on-premises banking 

Ice cream parlors 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Selling one or more of the following food specialties: hamburgers, hot dogs, pizza, chicken, 

specialty cuisines--are classified in U.S. Industry 722211, Limited-Service Restaurants or Industry 

722110, Full-Service Restaurants, based on type of food services provided to patrons; 

 Preparing and serving snacks and nonalcoholic beverages from mobile vehicles--are classified in 

Industry 722330, Mobile Food Services; 

 Retailing confectionery goods and nuts not packaged for immediate consumption--are classified in 

U.S. Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; 

 Retailing baked goods (e.g., pretzels, doughnuts, cookies, and bagels) not baked on the premises 

and not for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; 

and 

 Retailing baked goods (e.g., doughnuts and bagels) and providing food services to patrons who 

order and are served while seated and pay after eating--are classified in Industry 722110, FullService Restaurants. 

7223 Special Food Services 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food services at one or 

more of the following locations: (1) the customer's location; (2) a location designated by the customer; or 

(3) from motorized vehicles or nonmotorized carts. 

72231 Food Service Contractors 

 See industry description for 722310 below. 
722310 Food Service Contractors 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing food services at institutional, 

governmental, commercial, or industrial locations of others based on contractual arrangements with these 

type of organizations for a specified period of time. The establishments of this industry provide food 

services for the convenience of the contracting organization or the contracting organization's customers. 

The contractual arrangement of these establishments with contracting organizations may vary from type of 

facility operated (e.g., cafeteria, restaurant, fast-food eating place), revenue sharing, cost structure, to 

providing personnel. Management staff is always provided by the food service contractors. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Airline food service contractors 

Food concession contractors (e.g., at sporting, entertainment, convention facilities) 

Cafeteria food service contractors (e.g., at schools, hospitals, government offices) 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing food services on a single-event basis--are classified in Industry 722320, Caterers; and 

 Supplying and servicing food vending machines--are classified in Industry 454210, Vending 

Machine Operators. 

72232 Caterers 

 See industry description for 722320 below. 

722320 Caterers 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing single event-based food services. 

These establishments generally have equipment and vehicles to transport meals and snacks to events and/or 

prepare food at an off-premise site. Banquet halls with catering staff are included in this industry. 

Examples of events catered by establishments in this industry are graduation parties, wedding receptions, 

business or retirement luncheons, and trade shows. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing and serving meals and snacks for immediate consumption from motorized vehicles or 

nonmotorized carts--are classified in Industry 722330, Mobile Food Services; 

 Providing food services at institutional, governmental, commercial, or industrial locations of 

others (e.g., airline contractors, industrial caterers) or providing food services based on contractual 

arrangements for a specified period of time--are classified in Industry 722310, Food Service 

Contractors; and 

 Renting out facilities without providing catering staff--are classified in Industry 531120, Lessors 

of Nonresidential Buildings (except Miniwarehouses). 

72233 Mobile Food Services 

 See industry description for 722330 below. 

722330 Mobile Food Services 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing and serving meals and snacks for 

immediate consumption from motorized vehicles or nonmotorized carts. The establishment is the central 

location from which the caterer route is serviced, not each vehicle or cart. Included in this industry are 

establishments primarily engaged in providing food services from vehicles, such as hot dog carts, and ice 

cream trucks. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Ice cream truck vendors 

Mobile food concession stands 

Mobile canteens 

Mobile refreshment stands 

Mobile food carts 

Mobile snack stands 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing food services where patrons generally order or select items and pay before eating--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 722211, Limited-Service Restaurants; 

 Selling unprepared foods, such as vegetables, melons, and nuts or fruit from carts--are classified in 

Industry 454390, Other Direct Selling Establishments; 

 Selling specialty snacks (e.g., ice cream, frozen yogurt, cookies, popcorn) or nonalcoholic 

beverages in nonmobile facilities for consumption on or near the premises--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; 

 Selling food specialties, such as hamburgers, hot dogs, chicken, pizza, or specialty cuisines from 

nonmobile facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 722211, Limited-Service Restaurants or 

Industry 722110, Full-Service Restaurants, based on type of food services provided to patrons; and 

 Operating as street vendors (except food)--are classified in Industry 454390, Other Direct Selling 

Establishments. 

7224 Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages) 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing and serving alcoholic 

beverages for immediate consumption. 

72241 Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages) 

 See industry description for 722410 below. 

722410 Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages) CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments known as bars, taverns, nightclubs, or drinking places primarily 

engaged in preparing and serving alcoholic beverages for immediate consumption. These establishments 

may also provide limited food services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Preparing and serving alcoholic beverages (i.e., not known as bars or taverns) and providing food 

services to patrons who order and are served while seated and pay after eating--are classified in 

Industry 722110, Full-Service Restaurants; 

 Preparing and serving alcoholic beverages (i.e., not known as bars or taverns) and providing food 

services to patrons who generally order or select items and pay before eating--are classified in 

Industry 72221, Limited-Service Eating Places; 

 Operating a civic or social association with a bar for the association members--are classified in 

Industry 81341, Civic and Social Organizations; 

 Retailing packaged alcoholic beverages not for immediate consumption on the premises--are 

classified in Industry 445310, Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores; and 

 Operating discotheques or dance clubs without selling alcoholic beverages--are classified in 

Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries. 
Sector 81--Other Services (except Public Administration) 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Other Services (except Public Administration) sector comprises establishments engaged in providing 

services not specifically provided for elsewhere in the classification system. Establishments in this sector 

are primarily engaged in activities, such as equipment and machinery repairing, promoting or administering 

religious activities, grantmaking, advocacy, and providing drycleaning and laundry services, personal care 

services, death care services, pet care services, photofinishing services, temporary parking services, and 

dating services. 

 Private households that engage in employing workers on or about the premises in activities primarily 

concerned with the operation of the household are included in this sector. 

 Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in retailing new equipment and also 

performing repairs and general maintenance on equipment. These establishments are classified in Sector 

44-45, Retail Trade. 

811 Repair and Maintenance 

 Industries in the Repair and Maintenance subsector restore machinery, equipment, and other products to 

working order. These establishments also typically provide general or routine maintenance (i.e., servicing) 

on such products to ensure they work efficiently and to prevent breakdown and unnecessary repairs. 

 The NAICS structure for this subsector brings together most types of repair and maintenance 

establishments and categorizes them based on production processes (i.e., on the type of repair and 

maintenance activity performed, and the necessary skills, expertise, and processes that are found in 

different repair and maintenance establishments). This NAICS classification does not delineate between 

repair services provided to businesses versus those that serve households. Although some industries 

primarily serve either businesses or households, separation by class of customer is limited by the fact that 

many establishments serve both. Establishments repairing computers and consumer electronics products 

are two examples of such overlap. 

 The Repair and Maintenance subsector does not include all establishments that do repair and 

maintenance. For example, a substantial amount of repair is done by establishments that also manufacture 

machinery, equipment, and other goods. These establishments are included in the Manufacturing sector in 

NAICS. In addition, repair of transportation equipment is often provided by or based at transportation 

facilities, such as airports, seaports, and these activities are included in the Transportation and Warehousing 

sector. A particularly unique situation exists with repair of buildings. Plumbing, electrical installation and 

repair, painting and decorating, and other construction-related establishments are often involved in 

performing installation or other work on new construction as well as providing repair services on existing 

structures. While some specialize in repair, it is difficult to distinguish between the two types and all have 

been included in the Construction sector. 

 Excluded from this subsector are establishments primarily engaged in rebuilding or remanufacturing 

machinery and equipment. These are classified in Sector 31-33, Manufacturing. Also excluded are retail 

establishments that provide after-sale services and repair. These are classified in Sector 44-45, Retail 

Trade. 

8111 Automotive Repair and Maintenance 

 This industry group comprises establishments involved in providing repair and maintenance services for 

automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans, and all trailers. Establishments in this 

industry group employ mechanics with specialized technical skills to diagnose and repair the mechanical 

and electrical systems for automotive vehicles, repair automotive interiors, and paint or repair automotive 

exteriors. 

81111 Automotive Mechanical and Electrical Repair and Maintenance 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing mechanical or electrical repair 

and maintenance services for automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks and vans, and all trailers. 

These establishments may specialize in a single service or may provide a wide range of these services. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing automotive vehicles and automotive parts and accessories and also providing automotive 

repair services--are classified in Subsector 441, Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers; 

 Retailing motor fuels and also providing automotive vehicle repair services--are classified in 

Industry Group 4471, Gasoline Stations; 

 Changing motor oil and lubricating the chassis of automotive vehicles--are classified in Industry 

81119, Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; 

 Providing automotive vehicle air-conditioning repair--are classified in Industry 81119, Other 

Automotive Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 81149, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811111 General Automotive Repair CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing (1) a wide range of 

mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance services for automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, 

trucks, and vans, and all trailers or (2) engine repair and replacement. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automobile repair garages (except gasoline service stations) 

General automotive repair shops 

Automotive engine repair and replacement shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new automotive parts and accessories and also providing automotive repair services--are 

classified in Industry 441310, Automotive Parts and Accessories Stores; 

 Changing motor oil and lubricating the chassis of automotive vehicles--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 811191, Automotive Oil Change and Lubrication Shops; 

 Replacing and repairing automotive vehicle exhaust systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 

811112, Automotive Exhaust System Repair; 

 Replacing and repairing automotive vehicle transmissions--are classified in U.S. Industry 811113, 

Automotive Transmission Repair; 

 Retailing motor fuels and also providing automotive vehicle repair services--are classified in 

Industry Group 4471, Gasoline Stations; 

 Retailing automobiles and light trucks for highway use and also providing automotive repair 

services--are classified in Industry Group 4411, Automobile Dealers; and 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811112 Automotive Exhaust System Repair CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in replacing or repairing exhaust systems 

of automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive exhaust system replacement and repair shops 

Automotive muffler replacement and repair shops 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in motorcycle repair and maintenance services are classified in 

Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811113 Automotive Transmission Repair US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in replacing or repairing transmissions of 

automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in motorcycle repair and maintenance services are classified in 

Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811118 Other Automotive Mechanical and Electrical Repair and Maintenance US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized mechanical or 

electrical repair and maintenance services (except engine repair and replacement, exhaust systems repair, 

and transmission repair) for automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans, and all trailers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive brake repair shops 

Automotive radiator repair shops 

Automotive electrical repair shops 

Automotive tune-up shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing a wide range of mechanical and electrical automotive vehicle repair or specializing in 

engine repair or replacement--are classified in U.S. Industry 811111, General Automotive Repair; 

 Replacing and repairing automotive vehicle exhaust systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 

811112, Automotive Exhaust System Repair; 

 Replacing and repairing automotive vehicle transmissions--are classified in U.S. Industry 811113, 

Automotive Transmission Repair; 

 Providing automotive vehicle air-conditioning repair--are classified in U.S. Industry 811198, All 

Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

81112 Automotive Body, Paint, Interior, and Glass Repair 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing one or more of the following: (1) 

repairing or customizing automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans, and all trailer 

bodies and interiors; (2) painting automotive vehicle and trailer bodies; (3) replacing, repairing, and/or 

tinting automotive vehicle glass; and (4) customizing automobile, truck, and van interiors for the physically 

disabled or other customers with special requirements. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive body shops 

Automotive paint shops 

Automotive glass shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Manufacturing automotive vehicles and trailers or customizing these vehicles on an assembly-line 

basis--are classified in Subsector 336, Transportation Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 81149, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811121 Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing or customizing automotive 

vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans, and all trailer bodies and interiors; and/or painting 

automotive vehicles and trailer bodies. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive body shops 

Automotive upholstery shops 

Automotive paint shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Automotive glass replacement, repair and/or tinting--are classified in U.S. Industry 811122, 

Automotive Glass Replacement Shops; 

 Manufacturing automotive vehicles and trailers or customizing these vehicles on an assembly-line 

basis--are classified in Subsector 336, Transportation Equipment Manufacturing; and 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811122 Automotive Glass Replacement Shops CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in replacing, repairing, and/or tinting 

automotive vehicle, such as passenger car, truck, and van, glass. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in motorcycle repair and maintenance service are classified in Industry 

811490, Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

81119 Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing automotive repair and 

maintenance services (except mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance; transmission repair; and 

body, paint, interior, and glass repair) for automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans, and 

all trailers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive air-conditioning repair shops 

Automotive tire repair shops 

Automotive oil change and lubrication shops 

Car washes 

Automotive rustproofing and undercoating shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Tire retreading or recapping--are classified in Industry 32621, Tire Manufacturing; 
 Automotive vehicle mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance--are classified in Industry 

81111, Automotive Mechanical and Electrical Repair and Maintenance; 

 Automotive body, paint, interior, and glass repair--are classified in Industry 81112, Automotive 

Body, Paint, Interior, and Glass Repair; and 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 81149, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

811191 Automotive Oil Change and Lubrication Shops US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in changing motor oil and lubricating the 

chassis of automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in motorcycle repair and maintenance services are classified in 

Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household Goods, Repair and Maintenance. 

811192 Car Washes CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cleaning, washing, and/or waxing 

automotive vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks, and vans, and trailers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive detail shops 

Mobile car and truck washes 

Car washes 

811198 All Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing automotive repair and 

maintenance services (except mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance; body, paint, interior, and 

glass repair; motor oil change and lubrication; and car washing) for automotive vehicles, such as passenger 

cars, trucks, and vans, and all trailers. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Automotive air-conditioning repair shops 

Automotive tire repair (except retreading) shops 

Automotive rustproofing and undercoating shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Tire retreading or recapping--are classified in U.S. Industry 326212, Tire Retreading; 

 Providing a range of mechanical and electrical automotive vehicle repair or specializing in engine 

repair or replacement--are classified in U.S. Industry 811111, General Automotive Repair; 

 Replacing and repairing automotive vehicle exhaust systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 

811112, Automotive Exhaust System Repair; 

 Replacing and repairing automotive vehicle transmissions--are classified in U.S. Industry 811113, 

Automotive Transmission Repair; 

 Repairing or customizing automotive vehicle bodies and interiors--are classified in U.S. Industry 

811121, Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance; 

 Replacing, repairing, and/or tinting automotive glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 811122, 

Automotive Glass Replacement Shops; 

 Changing motor oil and lubricating the chassis of automotive vehicles--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 811191, Automotive Oil Change and Lubrication Shops; 
 Cleaning, washing, and/or waxing automotive vehicles and trailers--are classified in U.S. Industry 

811192, Car Washes; 

 Motorcycle repair and maintenance services--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and 

Household Goods Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Retailing and installing audio equipment--are classified in Industry 441310, Automotive Parts and 

Accessories Stores. 

8112 Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing electronic equipment, such 

as computers and communications equipment, and highly specialized precision instruments. 

Establishments in this industry group typically have staff skilled in repairing items having complex, 

electronic components. 

81121 Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and maintaining one or more of 

the following: (1) consumer electronic equipment; (2) computers; (3) office machines; (4) communication 

equipment; and (5) other electronic and precision equipment and instruments, without retailing these 

products as new. Establishments in this industry repair items, such as microscopes, radar and sonar 

equipment, televisions, stereos, video recorders, computers, fax machines, photocopying machines, twoway radios and other communications equipment, scientific instruments, and medical equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing and monitoring home security systems--are classified in Industry 56162, Security 

Systems Services; 

 Retailing new radios, televisions, and other consumer electronics and also providing repair 

services--are classified in Industry 44311, Appliance, Television, and Other Electronics Stores; 

 Retailing new computers and computer peripherals and also providing repair services--are 

classified in Industry 44312, Computer and Software Stores; and 

 Rewinding armatures and rebuilding electric motors on a factory basis--are classified in Industry 

33531, Electrical Equipment Manufacturing. 

811211 Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance MEX 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and maintaining consumer 

electronics, such as televisions, stereos, speakers, video recorders, CD players, radios, and cameras, without 

retailing new consumer electronics. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repairing computers and peripheral equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811212, Computer 

and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance; 

 Installing and monitoring home security systems--are classified in U.S. Industry 561621, Security 

Systems Services (except Locksmiths); 

 Retailing new radios, televisions, and other consumer electronics and also providing repair 

services--are classified in U.S. Industry 443112, Radio, Television, and Other Electronics Stores; 

and 

 Repairing two-way radios--are classified in U.S. Industry 811213, Communication Equipment 

Repair and Maintenance. 

811212 Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and maintaining computers 

and office machines without retailing new computers and office machines, such as photocopying machines; 

computer terminals, storage devices, and printers; and CD-ROM drives. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new computers and computer peripherals and also providing repair services--are 

classified in Industry 443120, Computer and Software Stores; and 

 Repairing and servicing fax machines--are classified in Industry 811213, Communication 

Equipment Repair and Maintenance. 

811213 Communication Equipment Repair and Maintenance US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and maintaining 

communications equipment without retailing new communication equipment, such as telephones, fax 

machines, communications transmission equipment, and two-way radios. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new telephones and also providing repair services--are classified in U.S. Industry 

443112, Radio, Television, and Other Electronics Stores; and 

 Repairing stereo and other consumer electronic equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811211, 

Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance. 

811219 Other Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and maintaining (without 

retailing) electronic and precision equipment (except consumer electronics, computers and office machines, 

and communications equipment). Establishments in this industry repair and maintain equipment, such as 

medical diagnostic imaging equipment, measuring and surveying instruments, laboratory instruments, and 

radar and sonar equipment. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Rewinding armatures and rebuilding electric motors on a factory basis--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335312, Motor and Generator Manufacturing; 

 Repairing stereo and other consumer electronic equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811211, 

Consumer Electronics Repair and Maintenance; 

 Repairing computers and office machines--are classified in U.S. Industry 811212, Computer and 

Office Machine Repair and Maintenance; and 

 Repairing communications equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811213, Communication 

Equipment Repair and Maintenance. 

8113 Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) 

Repair and Maintenance 

81131 Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) 

Repair and Maintenance 

 See industry description for 811310 below. 

811310 Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) 

Repair and Maintenance CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the repair and maintenance of commercial 

and industrial machinery and equipment. Establishments in this industry either sharpen/install commercial 

and industrial machinery blades and saws or provide welding (e.g., automotive, general) repair services; or 
repair agricultural and other heavy and industrial machinery and equipment (e.g., forklifts and other 

materials handling equipment, machine tools, commercial refrigeration equipment, construction equipment, 

and mining machinery). 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Automotive repair (except welding) and maintenance are--classified in Industry Group 8111, 

Automotive Repair and Maintenance; 

 Repairing and maintaining electronic and precision equipment--are classified in Industry 81121, 

Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance; 

 Repairing and servicing aircraft--are classified in Industry 488190, Other Support Activities for 

Air Transportation; 

 Converting, rebuilding, and overhauling aircraft--are classified in Industry 33641, Aerospace 

Product and Parts Manufacturing; 

 Repairing and servicing railroad cars and engines--are classified in Industry 488210, Support 

Activities for Rail Transportation; 

 Rebuilding or remanufacturing railroad engines and cars--are classified in Industry 336510, 

Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing; 

 Repairing and overhauling ships at floating dry docks--are classified in Industry 488390, Other 

Support Activities for Water Transportation; 

 Repairing and overhauling ships at shipyards--are classified in U.S. Industry 336611, Ship 

Building and Repairing; 

 Rewinding armatures or rebuilding electric motors on a factory basis--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 335312, Motor and Generator Manufacturing; and 

 Repairing and maintaining home and garden equipment (e.g., sharpening or installing blades and 

saws)--are classified in Industry 811411, Home and Garden Equipment Repair and Maintenance. 

8114 Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance 

81141 Home and Garden Equipment and Appliance Repair and Maintenance 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and servicing home and garden 

equipment and/or household-type appliances without retailing new equipment or appliances. 

Establishments in this industry repair and maintain items, such as lawnmowers, edgers, snow- and leafblowers, washing machines, clothes dryers, and refrigerators. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing outdoor power equipment and also providing repair services--are classified in Industry 

44421, Outdoor Power Equipment Stores; 

 Retailing an array of new appliances and also providing repair services--are classified in Industry 

44311, Appliance, Television, and Other Electronics Stores; 

 Repairing, servicing, or installing central heating and air-conditioning equipment--are classified in 

Industry 23822, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; and 

 Repairing commercial refrigeration equipment--are classified in Industry 81131, Commercial and 

Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and 

Maintenance. 

811411 Home and Garden Equipment Repair and Maintenance CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and servicing home and 

garden equipment without retailing new home and garden equipment, such as lawnmowers, handheld 

power tools, edgers, snow- and leaf-blowers, and trimmers. 

Cross-References. 
 Establishments primarily engaged in retailing new outdoor power equipment and also providing repair 

services are classified in Industry 444210, Outdoor Power Equipment Stores. 

811412 Appliance Repair and Maintenance CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and servicing household 

appliances without retailing new appliances, such as refrigerators, stoves, washing machines, clothes 

dryers, and room air-conditioners. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Installing central heating and air-conditioning equipment--are classified in Industry 238220, 

Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors; 

 Repairing commercial refrigeration equipment--are classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and 

Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and 

Maintenance; and 

 Retailing an array of new appliances and also providing repair services--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 443111, Household Appliance Stores. 

81142 Reupholstery and Furniture Repair 

 See industry description for 811420 below. 

811420 Reupholstery and Furniture Repair 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) 

reupholstering furniture; (2) refinishing furniture; (3) repairing furniture; and (4) repairing and restoring 

furniture. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Automotive vehicle and trailer upholstery repair--are classified in U.S. Industry 811121, 

Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance; and 

 The restoration of museum pieces--are classified in Industry 711510, Independent Artists, Writers, 

and Performers. 

81143 Footwear and Leather Goods Repair 

 See industry description for 811430 below. 

811430 Footwear and Leather Goods Repair 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing footwear and/or repairing other 

leather or leather-like goods without retailing new footwear and leather or leather-like goods, such as 

handbags and briefcases. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Retailing new luggage and leather goods and also providing repair services--are classified in 

Industry 448320, Luggage and Leather Goods Stores; 

 Shining shoes--are classified in Industry 812990, All Other Personal Services; and 

 Repairing leather clothing--are classified in Industry 811490, Other Personal and Household 

Goods Repair and Maintenance. 

81149 Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance 

 See industry description for 811490 below. 

811490 Other Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance CAN 
 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in repairing and servicing personal or 

household-type goods without retailing new personal or household-type goods (except home and garden 

equipment, appliances, furniture, and footwear and leather goods). Establishments in this industry repair 

items, such as garments; watches; jewelry; musical instruments; bicycles and motorcycles; motorboats, 

canoes, sailboats, and other recreational boats. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Repairing home and garden equipment--are classified in U.S. Industry 811411, Home and Garden 

Equipment Repair and Maintenance; 

 Repairing appliances--are classified in U.S. Industry 811412, Appliance Repair and Maintenance; 

 Reupholstering and repairing furniture--are classified in Industry 811420, Reupholstery and 

Furniture Repair; 

 Repairing footwear and leather goods--are classified in Industry 811430, Footwear and Leather 

Goods Repair; 

 Operating marinas and providing a range of other services including boat cleaning and repair--are 

classified in Industry 713930, Marinas; and 

 Drycleaning garments--are classified in Industry Group 8123, Drycleaning and Laundry Services. 

812 Personal and Laundry Services 

 Industries in the Personal and Laundry Services subsector group establishments that provide personal and 

laundry services to individuals, households, and businesses. Services performed include: personal care 

services; death care services; laundry and drycleaning services; and a wide range of other personal services, 

such as pet care (except veterinary) services, photofinishing services, temporary parking services, and 

dating services. 

 The Personal and Laundry Services subsector is by no means all-inclusive of the services that could be 

termed personal services (i.e., those provided to individuals rather than businesses). There are many other 

subsectors, as well as sectors, that provide services to persons. Establishments providing legal, accounting, 

tax preparation, architectural, portrait photography, and similar professional services are classified in Sector 

54, Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services; those providing job placement, travel arrangement, 

home security, interior and exterior house cleaning, exterminating, lawn and garden care, and similar 

support services are classified in Sector 56, Administrative and Support, Waste Management and 

Remediation Services; those providing health and social services are classified in Sector 62, Health Care 

and Social Assistance; those providing amusement and recreation services are classified in Sector 71, Arts, 

Entertainment and Recreation; those providing educational instruction are classified in Sector 61, 

Educational Services; those providing repair services are classified in Subsector 811, Repair and 

Maintenance; and those providing spiritual, civic, and advocacy services are classified in Subsector 813, 

Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional, and Similar Organizations. 

8121 Personal Care Services CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments, such as barber and beauty shops, that provide appearance 

care services to individual consumers. 

81211 Hair, Nail, and Skin Care Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) providing 

hair care services; (2) providing nail care services; and (3) providing facials or applying makeup (except 

permanent makeup). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Barber shops 

Hair stylist shops 
Beauty salons 

Nail salons 

Cosmetology salons 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering training in barbering, hair styling, or the cosmetic arts--are classified in Industry 61151, 

Technical and Trade Schools; 

 Providing massage, electrolysis (i.e., hair removal), permanent makeup, or tanning services--are 

classified in Industry 81219, Other Personal Care Services; and 

 Providing medical skin care services (e.g., cosmetic surgery, dermatology)--are classified in 

Sector 62, Health Care and Social Assistance. 

812111 Barber Shops US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as barber shops or men's hair stylist shops primarily 

engaged in cutting, trimming, and styling men's and boys' hair; and/or shaving and trimming men's beards. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Offering training in barbering--are classified in U.S. Industry 611511, Cosmetology and Barber 

Schools; and 

 Providing hair care services (except establishments known as barber shops or men's hair stylists)--

are classified in U.S. Industry 812112, Beauty Salons. 

812112 Beauty Salons US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except those known as barber shops or men's hair stylist 

shops) primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) cutting, trimming, shampooing, coloring, 

waving, or styling hair; (2) providing facials; and (3) applying makeup (except permanent makeup). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Beauty parlors or shops 

Facial salons or shops 

Combined beauty and barber shops 

Hairdressing salons or shops 

Cosmetology salons or shops 

Unisex or women's hair stylist shops 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting, trimming, and styling men's and boys' hair (known as barber shops or men's hair stylist 

shops)--are classified in U.S. Industry 812111, Barber Shops; 

 Offering training in hair styling or the cosmetic arts--are classified in U.S. Industry 611511, 

Cosmetology and Barber Schools; 

 Providing nail care services--are classified in U.S. Industry 812113, Nail Salons; 

 Providing massage, electrolysis (i.e., hair removal), permanent makeup, or tanning services--are 

classified in U.S. Industry 812199, Other Personal Care Services; and 

 Providing medical skin care services (e.g., cosmetic surgery, dermatology)--are classified in 

Sector 62, Health Care and Social Assistance. 

812113 Nail Salons US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing nail care services, such as 

manicures, pedicures, and nail extensions. 
81219 Other Personal Care Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing personal care services (except 

hair, nail, facial, or nonpermanent makeup services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Depilatory or electrolysis (i.e., hair removal) salons 

Permanent makeup salons 

Ear piercing services 

Steam or turkish baths 

Hair replacement (except by offices of physicians) or weaving services 

Tanning salons 

Massage parlors 

Tattoo parlors 

Nonmedical diet and weight reducing centers 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing hair, nail, facial, or nonpermanent makeup services--are classified in Industry 81211, 

Hair, Nail, and Skin Care Services; 

 Operating physical fitness facilities--are classified in Industry 71394, Fitness and Recreational 

Sports Centers; 

 Operating health resorts and spas that provide lodging--are classified in Industry 72111, Hotels 

(except Casino Hotels) and Motels; and 

 Providing medical or surgical hair replacement or weight reduction--are classified in Sector 62, 

Health Care and Social Assistance. 

812191 Diet and Weight Reducing Centers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing nonmedical services to assist 

clients in attaining or maintaining a desired weight. The sale of weight reduction products, such as food 

supplements, may be an integral component of the program. These services typically include individual or 

group counseling, menu and exercise planning, and weight and body measurement monitoring. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating physical fitness facilities--are classified in Industry 713940, Fitness and Recreational 

Sports Centers; 

 Operating health resorts and spas that provide lodging--are classified in Industry 721110, Hotels 

(except Casino Hotels) and Motels; and 

 Providing medical or surgical weight reduction--are classified in Sector 62, Health Care and Social 

Assistance. 

812199 Other Personal Care Services US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing personal care services 

(except hair, nail, facial, nonpermanent makeup, or nonmedical diet and weight reducing services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Depilatory or electrolysis (i.e., hair removal) salons 

Saunas 

Ear piercing services 

Steam or turkish baths 
Hair replacement (except by offices of physicians) or weaving services 

Tanning salons 

Massage parlors 

Tattoo parlors 

Permanent makeup salons 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Cutting, trimming, and styling men's and boys' hair (known as barber shops or men's hair stylist 

shops)--are classified in U.S. Industry 812111, Barber Shops; 

 Providing hair, facial, or nonpermanent makeup services (except establishments known as barber 

shops or men's hair stylist shops)--are classified in U.S. Industry 812112, Beauty Salons; 

 Nail care services--are classified in U.S. Industry 812113, Nail Salons; 

 Providing nonmedical diet and weight reducing services--are classified in U.S. Industry 812191, 

Diet and Weight Reducing Centers; and 

 Providing medical or surgical hair replacement or weight reduction services--are classified in 

Sector 62, Health Care and Social Assistance. 

8122 Death Care Services CAN 

81221 Funeral Homes and Funeral Services CAN 

 See industry description for 812210 below. 

812210 Funeral Homes and Funeral Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing the dead for burial or interment 

and conducting funerals (i.e., providing facilities for wakes, arranging transportation for the dead, selling 

caskets and related merchandise). Funeral homes combined with crematories are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments (except funeral homes) primarily engaged in cremating the dead are classified in Industry 

812220, Cemeteries and Crematories. 

81222 Cemeteries and Crematories CAN 

 See industry description for 812220 below. 

812220 Cemeteries and Crematories CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating sites or structures reserved for the 

interment of human or animal remains and/or cremating the dead. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Cemetery associations (i.e., operators of cemeteries) 

Memorial gardens (i.e., burial places) 

Crematories (except combined with funeral homes) 

Pet cemeteries 

Mausoleums 

Cross-References. 

 Crematories combined with funeral homes are classified in Industry 812210, Funeral Homes and Funeral 

Services. 

8123 Drycleaning and Laundry Services CAN 
81231 Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaners CAN 

 See industry description for 812310 below. 

812310 Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaners CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) operating facilities with coin-operated or 

similar self-service laundry and drycleaning equipment for customer use on the premises and/or (2) 

supplying and servicing coin-operated or similar self-service laundry and drycleaning equipment for 

customer use in places of business operated by others, such as apartments and dormitories. 

81232 Drycleaning and Laundry Services (except Coin-Operated) CAN 

 See industry description for 812320 below. 

812320 Drycleaning and Laundry Services (except Coin-Operated) CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) providing 

drycleaning services (except coin-operated); (2) providing laundering services (except linen and uniform 

supply or coin-operated); (3) providing dropoff and pickup sites for laundries and/or drycleaners; and (4) 

providing specialty cleaning services for specific types of garments and other textile items (except carpets 

and upholstery), such as fur, leather, or suede garments; wedding gowns; hats; draperies; and pillows. 

These establishments may provide all, a combination of, or none of the cleaning services on the premises. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Supplying laundered linens and uniforms on a rental or contract basis--are classified in Industry 

81233, Linen and Uniform Supply; 

 Operating coin-operated or similar self-service laundry or drycleaning facilities--are classified in 

Industry 812310, Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaners; and 

 Cleaning used carpets and upholstery--are classified in Industry 561740, Carpet and Upholstery 

Cleaning Services. 

81233 Linen and Uniform Supply CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying, on a rental or contract basis, 

laundered items, such as uniforms, gowns and coats, table linens, bed linens, towels, clean room apparel, 

and treated mops or shop towels. 

812331 Linen Supply US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying, on a rental or contract basis, 

laundered items, such as table and bed linens; towels; diapers; and uniforms, gowns, or coats of the type 

used by doctors, nurses, barbers, beauticians, and waitresses. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in supplying, on a rental or contract basis, laundered industrial work 

uniforms and related work clothing are classified in U.S. Industry 812332, Industrial Launderers. 

812332 Industrial Launderers US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying, on a rental or contract basis, 

laundered industrial work uniforms and related work clothing, such as protective apparel (flame and heat 

resistant) and clean room apparel; dust control items, such as treated mops, rugs, mats, dust tool covers, 

cloths, and shop or wiping towels. 
Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in supplying, on a rental or contract basis, laundered uniforms, gowns 

or coats of the type used by doctors, nurses, barbers, beauticians, and waitresses are classified in U.S. 

Industry 812331, Linen Supply. 

8129 Other Personal Services CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing personal services (except 

personal care services, death care services, or drycleaning and laundry services). 

81291 Pet Care (except Veterinary) Services CAN 

 See industry description for 812910 below. 

812910 Pet Care (except Veterinary) Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing pet care services (except 

veterinary), such as boarding, grooming, sitting, and training pets. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Practicing veterinary medicine--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services; 

 Boarding horses--are classified in Industry 115210, Support Activities for Animal Production; and 

 Transporting pets--are classified in U.S. Industry 485991, Special Needs Transportation. 

81292 Photofinishing CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing film and/or making 

photographic slides, prints, and enlargements. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in processing motion picture film for the motion picture and television 

industries are classified in Industry 51219, Postproduction Services and Other Motion Picture and Video 

Industries. 

812921 Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour) CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except those known as "one-hour" photofinishing labs) 

primarily engaged in developing film and/or making photographic slides, prints, and enlargements. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in processing motion picture film for the motion picture and 

television industries are classified in U.S. Industry 512199, Other Motion Picture and Video 

Industries; and 

 Establishments known as "one-hour" photofinishing labs are classified in U.S. Industry 812922, 

One-Hour Photofinishing. 

812922 One-Hour Photofinishing CAN 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as "one-hour" photofinishing labs primarily engaged 

in developing film and/or making photographic slides, prints, and enlargements on a short turnaround or 

while-you-wait basis. 

Cross-References. 
 Photofinishing laboratories (except those known as "one-hour" photofinishing labs) are classified in U.S. 

Industry 812921, Photofinishing Laboratories (except One-Hour). 

81293 Parking Lots and Garages CAN 

 See industry description for 812930 below. 

812930 Parking Lots and Garages CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing parking space for motor vehicles, 

usually on an hourly, daily, or monthly basis and/or valet parking services. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing extended or dead storage of motor vehicles are classified 

in Industry 493190, Other Warehousing and Storage. 

81299 All Other Personal Services CAN 

 See industry description for 812990 below. 

812990 All Other Personal Services CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing personal services (except personal 

care services, death care services, drycleaning and laundry services, pet care services, photofinishing 

services, or parking space and/or valet parking services). 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bail bonding or bondsperson services 

Shoeshine services 

Coin-operated personal services machine (e.g., blood pressure, locker, photographic, scale, shoeshine) 

concession operators 

Social escort services 

Consumer buying services 

Wedding planning services 

Dating services 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing personal care services--are classified in Industry Group 8121, Personal Care Services; 

 Providing death care services--are classified in Industry Group 8122, Death Care Services; 

 Providing drycleaning and laundry services--are classified in Industry Group 8123, Drycleaning 

and Laundry Services; 

 Providing pet care (except veterinary) services--are classified in Industry 812910, Pet Care (except 

Veterinary) Services; 

 Practicing veterinary medicine--are classified in Industry 541940, Veterinary Services; 

 Providing photofinishing services--are classified in Industry 81292, Photofinishing; and 

 Providing parking space for motor vehicles and/or valet parking services--are classified in Industry 

812930, Parking Lots and Garages. 

813 Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional, and Similar Organizations 

 Industries in the Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional, and Similar Organizations subsector group 

establishments that organize and promote religious activities; support various causes through grantmaking; 

advocate various social and political causes; and promote and defend the interests of their members. 
 The industry groups within the subsector are defined in terms of their activities, such as establishments 

that provide funding for specific causes or for a variety of charitable causes; establishments that advocate 

and actively promote causes and beliefs for the public good; and establishments that have an active 

membership structure to promote causes and represent the interests of their members. Establishments in 

this subsector may publish newsletters, books, and periodicals, for distribution to their membership. 

8131 Religious Organizations CAN 

81311 Religious Organizations CAN 

 See industry description for 813110 below. 

813110 Religious Organizations CAN 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in operating religious organizations, such 

as churches, religious temples, and monasteries, and/or (2) establishments primarily engaged in 

administering an organized religion or promoting religious activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Churches 

Shrines, religious 

Monasteries (except schools) 

Synagogues 

Mosques, religious 

Temples, religious 

Cross-References. 

 Schools, colleges, or universities operated by religious organizations are classified in Sector 61, 

Educational Services; 

 Radio and television stations operated by religious organizations are classified in Subsector 515, 

Broadcasting (except Internet); 

 Publishing houses operated by religious organizations are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing 

Industries (except Internet); 

 Establishments operated by religious organizations primarily engaged in health and social 

assistance for individuals are classified in Sector 62, Health Care and Social Assistance; and 

 Used merchandise stores operated by religious organizations are classified in Industry 453310, 

Used Merchandise Stores. 

8132 Grantmaking and Giving Services CAN 

81321 Grantmaking and Giving Services CAN 

 This industry comprises (1) establishments known as grantmaking foundations or charitable trusts and (2) 

establishments primarily engaged in raising funds for a wide range of social welfare activities, such as 

health, educational, scientific, and cultural activities. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Providing trust management services for others--are classified in Industry 52392, Portfolio 

Management; 

 Organizing and conducting fundraising campaigns on a contract or fee basis--are classified in 

Industry 56149, Other Business Support Services; 

 Providing telemarketing services for others--are classified in Industry 56142, Telephone Call 

Centers; 

 Raising funds for political purposes--are classified in Industry 81394, Political Organizations; 
 Advocating social causes or issues--are classified in Industry 81331, Social Advocacy 

Organizations; and 

 Conducting health research--are classified in Industry 54171, Research and Development in the 

Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences. 

813211 Grantmaking Foundations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments known as grantmaking foundations or charitable trusts. 

Establishments in this industry award grants from trust funds based on a competitive selection process or 

the preferences of the foundation managers and grantors; or fund a single entity, such as a museum or 

university. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Community foundations 

Philanthropic trusts 

Corporate foundations, awarding grants 

Scholarship trusts 

Grantmaking foundations 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing trust management services for others are classified in 

Industry 523920, Portfolio Management. 

813212 Voluntary Health Organizations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising funds for health related 

research, such as disease (e.g., heart, cancer, diabetes) prevention, health education, and patient services. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Disease awareness fundraising organizations 

Health research fundraising organizations 

Disease research (e.g., heart, cancer) fundraising organizations 

Voluntary health organizations 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising funds for a wide range of social welfare activities, 

such as educational, scientific, cultural, or health, are classified in U.S. Industry 813219, Other 

Grantmaking and Giving Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing and conducting fundraising campaigns on a 

contract or fee basis are classified in U.S. Industry 561499, All Other Business Support Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing telemarketing services for others are classified in 

U.S. Industry 561422, Telemarketing Bureaus and Other Contact Centers; 

 Establishments known as grantmaking foundations or charitable trusts are classified in U.S. 

Industry 813211, Grantmaking Foundations; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in conducting biotechnology research and development in 

health sciences are classified in 541711, Research and Development in Biotechnology; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in conducting health research (except biotechnology research 

and development) are classified in Industry 541712, Research and Development in the Physical, 

Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology). 

813219 Other Grantmaking and Giving Services US 
 This U.S. industry comprises establishments (except voluntary health organizations) primarily engaged in 

raising funds for a wide range of social welfare activities, such as educational, scientific, cultural, and 

health. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Community chests 

United fund councils 

Federated charities 

United funds for colleges 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising funds for health related research are classified in U.S. 

Industry 813212, Voluntary Health Organizations; 

 Establishments known as grantmaking foundations or charitable trusts are classified in U.S. 

Industry 813211, Grantmaking Foundations; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in organizing and conducting fundraising campaigns on a 

contract or fee basis are classified in U.S. Industry 561499, All Other Business Support Services; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing telemarketing services for others are classified in 

U.S. Industry 561422, Telemarketing Bureaus and Other Contact Centers; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in raising funds for political purposes are classified in Industry 

813940, Political Organizations; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in advocating social causes or issues are classified in Industry 

81331, Social Advocacy Organizations. 

8133 Social Advocacy Organizations CAN 

81331 Social Advocacy Organizations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting a particular cause or working for 

the realization of a specific social or political goal to benefit a broad or specific constituency. These 

organizations may solicit contributions and offer memberships to support these goals. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Community action advocacy organizations 

Firearms advocacy organizations 

Conservation advocacy organizations 

Human rights advocacy organizations 

Environmental advocacy organizations 

Wildlife preservation organizations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Promoting the civic and social interests of their members--are classified in Industry 81341, Civic 

and Social Organizations; 

 Promoting the interests of organized labor and union employees--are classified in Industry 81393, 

Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations; and 

 Providing legal services for social advocacy organizations--are classified in Industry Group 5411, 

Legal Services. 

813311 Human Rights Organizations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting causes associated with 

human rights either for a broad or specific constituency. Establishments in this industry address issues, 
such as protecting and promoting the broad constitutional rights and civil liberties of individuals and those 

suffering from neglect, abuse, or exploitation; promoting the interests of specific groups, such as children, 

women, senior citizens, or persons with disabilities; improving relations between racial, ethnic, and cultural 

groups; and promoting voter education and registration. These organizations may solicit contributions and 

offer memberships to support these causes. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Civil liberties organizations 

Senior citizens' advocacy organizations 

Human rights advocacy organizations 

Veterans' rights organizations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Promoting the interests of organized labor and union employees--are classified in Industry 

813930, Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations; and 

 Providing legal services for human rights organizations--are classified in Industry Group 5411, 

Legal Services. 

813312 Environment, Conservation and Wildlife Organizations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the preservation and 

protection of the environment and wildlife. Establishments in this industry address issues, such as clean air 

and water; global warming; conserving and developing natural resources, including land, plant, water, and 

energy resources; and protecting and preserving wildlife and endangered species. These organizations may 

solicit contributions and offer memberships to support these causes. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Animal rights organizations 

Natural resource preservation organizations 

Conservation advocacy organizations 

Wildlife preservation organizations 

Humane societies 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing legal services for environment, conservation, and wildlife 

organizations are classified in Industry Group 5411, Legal Services. 

813319 Other Social Advocacy Organizations US 

 This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in social advocacy (except human rights 

and environmental protection, conservation, and wildlife preservation). Establishments in this industry 

address issues, such as peace and international understanding; community action (excluding civic 

organizations); or advancing social causes, such as firearms safety, drunk driving prevention, or drug abuse 

awareness. These organizations may solicit contributions and offer memberships to support these causes. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Community action advocacy organizations 

Substance abuse prevention advocacy organizations 

Firearms advocacy organizations 

Taxpayers' advocacy organizations 

Peace advocacy organizations 
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Advocating human rights issues--are classified in U.S. Industry 813311, Human Rights 

Organizations; 

 Promoting the preservation and protection of the environment and wildlife--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 813312, Environment, Conservation and Wildlife Organizations; 

 Promoting the civic and social interests of their members--are classified in Industry 813410, Civic 

and Social Organizations; 

 Providing legal services for social advocacy organizations--are classified in Industry Group 5411, 

Legal Services; and 

 Providing community action services, such as community action services agencies--are classified 

in Industry 624190, Other Individual and Family Services. 

8134 Civic and Social Organizations CAN 

81341 Civic and Social Organizations CAN 

 See industry description for 813410 below. 

813410 Civic and Social Organizations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the civic and social interests of 

their members. Establishments in this industry may operate bars and restaurants for their members. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alumni associations 

Granges 

Automobile clubs (except travel) 

Parent-teacher associations 

Booster clubs 

Scouting organizations 

Ethnic associations 

Social clubs 

Fraternal lodges 

Veterans' membership organizations 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments of insurance offices operated by fraternal benefit organizations are classified in 

Subsector 524, Insurance Carriers and Related Activities; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating residential fraternity and sorority houses are 

classified in Industry 721310, Rooming and Boarding Houses; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing travel arrangements and reservation services, such 

as automobile travel clubs or motor travel clubs are classified in U.S. Industry 561599, All Other 

Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services. 

8139 Business, Professional, Labor, Political, and Similar Organizations CAN 

 This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the interests of their 

members (except religious organizations, social advocacy organizations, and civic and social 

organizations). Examples of establishments in this industry are business associations, professional 

organizations, labor unions, and political organizations. 

81391 Business Associations CAN 

 See industry description for 813910 below. 
813910 Business Associations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the business interests of their 

members. These establishments may conduct research on new products and services; develop market 

statistics; sponsor quality and certification standards; lobby public officials; or publish newsletters, books, 

or periodicals for distribution to their members. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Agricultural organizations (except youth farming organizations, farm granges) 

Real estate boards 

Chambers of commerce 

Trade associations 

Manufacturers' associations 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments owned by their members but organized to perform a specific business function, 

such as common marketing of crops, joint advertising, or buying cooperatives, are classified 

according to their primary activity; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in promoting the professional interests of their members and the 

profession as a whole are classified in Industry 813920, Professional Organizations; 

 Establishments primarily engaged in promoting the interests of organized labor and union 

employees, such as trade unions, are classified in Industry 813930, Labor Unions and Similar 

Labor Organizations; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in lobbying public officials (i.e., lobbyists) are classified in 

Industry 541820, Public Relations Agencies. 

81392 Professional Organizations CAN 

 See industry description for 813920 below. 

813920 Professional Organizations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the professional interests of their 

members and the profession as a whole. These establishments may conduct research; develop statistics; 

sponsor quality and certification standards; lobby public officials; or publish newsletters, books, or 

periodicals, for distribution to their members. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Bar associations 

Learned societies 

Dentists' associations 

Peer review boards 

Engineers' associations 

Professional standards review boards 

Health professionals' associations 

Scientists' associations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Promoting the business interests of their members--are classified in Industry 813910, Business 

Associations; and 

 Lobbying public officials (i.e., lobbyists)--are classified in Industry 541820, Public Relations 

Agencies. 
81393 Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations CAN 

 See industry description for 813930 below. 

813930 Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the interests of organized labor 

and union employees. 

81394 Political Organizations CAN 

 See industry description for 813940 below. 

813940 Political Organizations CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in promoting the interests of national, state, or 

local political parties or candidates. Included are political groups organized to raise funds for a political 

party or individual candidates. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Campaign organizations, political 

Political organizations or clubs 

Political action committees (PACs) 

Political parties 

Political campaign organizations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Organizing and conducting fundraising campaigns on a contract or fee basis--are classified in U.S. 

Industry 561499, All Other Business Support Services; and 

 Providing telemarketing services for others--are classified in U.S. Industry 561422, Telemarketing 

Bureaus and Other Contact Centers. 

81399 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political 

Organizations) CAN 

 See industry description for 813990 below. 

813990 Other Similar Organizations (except Business, Professional, Labor, and Political 

Organizations) CAN 

 This industry comprises establishments (except religious organizations, social advocacy organizations, 

civic and social organizations, business associations, professional organizations, labor unions, and political 

organizations) primarily engaged in promoting the interests of their members. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Athletic associations, regulatory or administrative 

Property owners' associations 

Condominium and homeowners' associations 

Tenant associations (except advocacy) 

Cooperative owners' associations 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating religious organizations, such as churches, religious temples, and monasteries--are 

classified in Industry 813110, Religious Organizations; 
 Raising funds for a wide range of social welfare activities and establishments known as 

grantmaking foundations or charitable trusts--are classified in Industry 81321, Grantmaking and 

Giving Services; 

 Advocating social causes or issues--are classified in Industry 81331, Social Advocacy 

Organizations; 

 Promoting the civic and social interests of their members--are classified in Industry 813410, Civic 

and Social Organizations; 

 Promoting the business interests of their members--are classified in Industry 813910, Business 

Associations; 

 Promoting the professional interests of their members and the profession as a whole--are classified 

in Industry 813920, Professional Organizations; 

 Promoting the interests of organized labor and union employees--are classified in Industry 

813930, Labor Unions and Similar Labor Organizations; 

 Promoting the interests of national, state, or local political parties or candidates--are classified in 

Industry 813940, Political Organizations; and 

 Providing recreational and amusement services, such as recreational or youth sports teams and 

leagues--are classified in Industry 713990, All Other Amusement and Recreation Industries. 

814 Private Households 

 Industries in the Private Households subsector include private households that engage in employing 

workers on or about the premises in activities primarily concerned with the operation of the household. 

These private households may employ individuals, such as cooks, maids, butlers, and outside workers, such 

as gardeners, caretakers, and other maintenance workers. 

8141 Private Households 

81411 Private Households 

 See industry description for 814110 below. 

814110 Private Households 

 This industry comprises private households primarily engaged in employing workers on or about the 

premises in activities primarily concerned with the operation of the household. These private households 

may employ individuals, such as cooks, maids, nannies, butlers, and outside workers, such as gardeners, 

caretakers, and other maintenance workers. 
Sector 92--Public Administration 

The Sector as a Whole 

 The Public Administration sector consists of establishments of federal, state, and local government 

agencies that administer, oversee, and manage public programs and have executive, legislative, or judicial 

authority over other institutions within a given area. These agencies also set policy, create laws, adjudicate 

civil and criminal legal cases, provide for public safety and for national defense. In general, government 

establishments in the Public Administration sector oversee governmental programs and activities that are 

not performed by private establishments. Establishments in this sector typically are engaged in the 

organization and financing of the production of public goods and services, most of which are provided for 

free or at prices that are not economically significant. 

 Government establishments also engage in a wide range of productive activities covering not only public 

goods and services but also individual goods and services similar to those produced in sectors typically 

identified with private-sector establishments. In general, ownership is not a criterion for classification in 

NAICS. Therefore, government establishments engaged in the production of private-sector-like goods and 

services should be classified in the same industry as private-sector establishments engaged in similar 

activities. 

 As a practical matter, it is difficult to identify separate establishment detail for many government 

agencies. To the extent that separate establishment records are available, the administration of 

governmental programs is classified in Sector 92, Public Administration, while the operation of that same 

governmental program is classified elsewhere in NAICS based on the activities performed. For example, 

the governmental administrative authority for an airport is classified in Industry 92612, Regulation and 

Administration of Transportation Programs, while operating the airport is classified in Industry 48811, 

Airport Operations. When separate records for multi-establishment companies are not available to 

distinguish between the administration of a governmental program and the operation of it, the establishment 

is classified in Sector 92, Public Administration. 

 Examples of government-provided goods and services that are classified in sectors other than Public 

Administration include: schools, classified in Sector 61, Educational Services; hospitals, classified in 

Subsector 622, Hospitals; establishments operating transportation facilities, classified in Sector 48-49, 

Transportation and Warehousing; the operation of utilities, classified in Sector 22, Utilities; and the 

Government Printing Office, classified in Subsector 323, Printing and Related Support Activities. 

921 Executive, Legislative, and Other General Government Support US 

 The Executive, Legislative, and Other General Government Support subsector groups offices of 

government executives, legislative bodies, public finance and general government support. 

9211 Executive, Legislative, and Other General Government Support US 

92111 Executive Offices US 

 See industry description for 921110 below. 

921110 Executive Offices US 

 This industry comprises government establishments serving as offices of chief executives and their 

advisory committees and commissions. This industry includes offices of the president, governors, and 

mayors, in addition to executive advisory commissions. 

92112 Legislative Bodies US 

 See industry description for 921120 below. 

921120 Legislative Bodies US 
 This industry comprises government establishments serving as legislative bodies and their advisory 

committees and commissions. Included in this industry are legislative bodies, such as Congress, state 

legislatures, and advisory and study legislative commissions. 

92113 Public Finance Activities US 

 See industry description for 921130 below. 

921130 Public Finance Activities US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in public finance, taxation and 

monetary policy. Included are financial administration activities, such as monetary policy; tax 

administration and collection; custody and disbursement of funds; debt and investment administration; 

auditing activities; and government employee retirement trust fund administration. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Administering income maintenance programs--are classified in Industry 923130, Administration 

of Human Resource Programs (except Education, Public Health, and Veterans' Affairs Programs); 

 Regulating insurance and banking institutions--are classified in Industry 926150, Regulation, 

Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors; and 

 Performing central banking functions, such as issuing currency and acting as the fiscal agent for 

the central government--are classified in Industry 521110, Monetary Authorities-Central Bank. 

92114 Executive and Legislative Offices, Combined US 

 See industry description for 921140 below. 

921140 Executive and Legislative Offices, Combined US 

 This industry comprises government establishments serving as councils and boards of commissioners or 

supervisors and such bodies where the chief executive (e.g., county executive or city mayor) is a member 

of the legislative body (e.g., county or city council) itself. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Serving as offices of chief executives--are classified in Industry 921110, Executive Offices; and 

 Serving as legislative bodies--are classified in Industry 921120, Legislative Bodies. 

92115 American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Governments US 

 See industry description for 921150 below. 

921150 American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Governments US 

 This industry comprises American Indian and Alaska Native governing bodies. Establishments in this 

industry perform legislative, judicial, and administrative functions for their American Indian and Alaska 

Native lands. Included in this industry are American Indian and Alaska Native councils, courts, and law 

enforcement bodies. 

Cross-References. 

 Establishments primarily engaged in providing funding for American Indian and Alaska Native 

tribal programs through commercial activities, such as gaming, are classified in the industry of the 

commercial activity; and 

 Government establishments providing public administration of American Indian and Alaska 

Native affairs are classified in Industry 921190, Other General Government Support. 

92119 Other General Government Support US 
 See industry description for 921190 below. 

921190 Other General Government Support US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in providing general support for 

government. Such support services include personnel services, election boards, and other general 

government support establishments that are not classified elsewhere in public administration. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Civil rights commissions 

Personnel offices, government 

Civil service commissions 

Supply agencies, government 

General services departments, government 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in serving as offices of chief executives and their 

advisory committees and commissions are classified in Industry 921110, Executive Offices; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in serving as legislative bodies and their advisory 

committees and commissions are classified in Industry 921120, Legislative Bodies; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in providing administration of public finance, tax 

collection, and monetary policy programs are classified in Industry 921130, Public Finance 

Activities; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in serving as combined executive and legislative 

offices are classified in Industry 921140, Executive and Legislative Offices, Combined; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in serving as American Indian or Alaska Native tribal 

leadership are classified in Industry 921150, American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal 

Governments. 

922 Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities US 

 The Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities subsector groups government establishments engaged in 

the administration of justice, public order, and safety programs. 

9221 Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities US 

92211 Courts US 

 See industry description for 922110 below. 

922110 Courts US 

 This industry comprises civilian courts of law (except Indian tribal and Alaska Native courts). Included in 

this industry are civilian courts, courts of law, and sheriffs' offices conducting court functions only. 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in operating military courts are classified in 

Industry 928110, National Security; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in operating Indian tribal or Alaska Native courts are classified 

in Industry 921150, American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Governments. 

92212 Police Protection US 

 See industry description for 922120 below. 
922120 Police Protection US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in criminal and civil law 

enforcement, police, traffic safety, and other activities related to the enforcement of the law and 

preservation of order. Combined police and fire departments are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in prosecution are classified in Industry 922130, 

Legal Counsel and Prosecution; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in collection of law enforcement statistics are 

classified in Industry 922190, Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in providing police service for the military or 

National Guard are classified in Industry 928110, National Security; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in providing police service for tribal governments 

are classified in Industry 921150, American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Governments; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in enforcing immigration laws are classified in 

Industry 928120, International Affairs; 

 Sheriffs' offices conducting court functions only are classified in Industry 922110, Courts; and 

 Private establishments primarily engaged in providing security and investigation services are 

classified in Industry 56161, Investigation, Guard, and Armored Car Services. 

92213 Legal Counsel and Prosecution US 

 See industry description for 922130 below. 

922130 Legal Counsel and Prosecution US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in providing legal counsel or 

prosecution services for the government. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Attorney generals' offices 

Public defenders' offices 

District attorneys' offices 

Public prosecutors' offices 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in collecting criminal justice statistics are classified in 

Industry 922190, Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities. 

92214 Correctional Institutions US 

 See industry description for 922140 below. 

922140 Correctional Institutions US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in managing and operating 

correctional institutions. The facility is generally designed for the confinement, correction, and 

rehabilitation of adult and/or juvenile offenders sentenced by a court. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Correctional institutions, public administration 

Penitentiaries, public administration 

Detention centers, public administration 
Prisons, public administration 

Jails, public administration 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in operating half-way houses for ex-criminal 

offenders and delinquent youths are classified in Industry 623990, Other Residential Care 

Facilities; and 

 Establishments primarily engaged in managing or operating correctional facilities owned by others 

are classified in Industry 561210, Facilities Support Services. 

92215 Parole Offices and Probation Offices US 

 See industry description for 922150 below. 

922150 Parole Offices and Probation Offices US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in judicially administering 

probation offices, parole offices and boards, and pardon boards. 

Cross-References. 

 Private establishments primarily engaged in providing parole or probation services are classified in 

Industry 624190, Other Individual and Family Services; and 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in providing probation, parole, and pardon 

activities as an integral part of a central administrative corrections' office are classified in Industry 

922140, Correctional Institutions. 

92216 Fire Protection US 

 See industry description for 922160 below. 

922160 Fire Protection US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in fire fighting and other related 

fire protection activities. Government establishments providing combined fire protection and ambulance or 

rescue services are classified in this industry. 

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Forest fire fighting--are classified in Industry 115310, Support Activities for Forestry; 

 Providing combined police and fire protection services--are classified in Industry 922120, Police 

Protection; 

 Providing fire fighting services as a commercial activity--are classified in Industry 561990, All 

Other Support Services; and 

 Providing ambulance services without fire protection service--are classified in Industry 621910, 

Ambulance Services. 

92219 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities US 

 See industry description for 922190 below. 

922190 Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in public order and safety (except 

courts, police protection, legal counsel and prosecution, correctional institutions, parole offices, probation 

offices, pardon boards, and fire protection). These establishments include the general administration of 

public order and safety programs. Government establishments responsible for the collection of statistics on 

public safety are included in this industry. 
Illustrative Examples: 

Consumer product safety commissions, public administration 

Emergency planning and management offices, government 

Disaster preparedness and management offices, government 

Public safety bureaus and statistics centers, government 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Serving as civilian courts of law (except Indian tribal and Alaska Native)--are classified in 

Industry 922110, Courts; 

 Criminal and civil law enforcement, police, traffic safety and similar activities related to the 

enforcement of law--are classified in Industry 922120, Police Protection; 

 Providing legal counsel to or prosecution services for their governments--are classified in Industry 

922130, Legal Counsel and Prosecution; 

 The confinement, correction, and rehabilitation of adult and juvenile offenders sentenced by a 

court--are classified in Industry 922140, Correctional Institutions; 

 Judicially administering probation offices, parole offices and boards, and pardon boards--are 

classified in Industry 922150, Parole Offices and Probation Offices; and 

 Fire fighting and other related fire protection activities--are classified in Industry 922160, Fire 

Protection. 

923 Administration of Human Resource Programs US 

 The Administration of Human Resource Programs subsector groups government establishments primarily 

engaged in the administration of human resource programs. 

9231 Administration of Human Resource Programs US 

92311 Administration of Education Programs US 

 See industry description for 923110 below. 

923110 Administration of Education Programs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the central coordination, 

planning, supervision and administration of funds, policies, intergovernmental activities, statistical reports 

and data collection, and centralized programs for educational administration. Government scholarship 

programs are included in this industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Education offices, nonoperating, public administration 

State education departments 

Education statistics centers, government 

University regents or boards, government 

Cross-References. 

 Schools and local school boards are classified in Subsector 611, Educational Services. 

92312 Administration of Public Health Programs US 

 See industry description for 923120 below. 

923120 Administration of Public Health Programs US 
 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the planning, administration, 

and coordination of public health programs and services, including environmental health activities, mental 

health, categorical health programs, health statistics, and immunization services. Government 

establishments primarily engaged in conducting public health-related inspections are included in this 

industry. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Communicable disease program administration, public administration 

Mental health program administration, public administration 

Coroners' offices, public administration 

Public health program administration, nonoperating, public administration 

Health program administration, public administration 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating hospitals (i.e., government or military)--are classified in Subsector 622, Hospitals; 

 Providing health care in a clinical setting (i.e., military or government clinics)--are classified in 

Subsector 621, Ambulatory Health Care Services; and 

 Inspecting food, plants, animals, and other agriculture products--are classified in Industry 926140, 

Regulation of Agricultural Marketing and Commodities. 

92313 Administration of Human Resource Programs (except Education, Public Health, and 

Veterans' Affairs Programs) US 

 See industry description for 923130 below. 

923130 Administration of Human Resource Programs (except Education, Public Health, and 

Veterans' Affairs Programs) US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the planning, administration, 

and coordination of programs for public assistance, social work, and welfare activities. The administration 

of Social Security, disability insurance, Medicare, unemployment insurance, and workers' compensation 

programs are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Administering veterans' programs--are classified in Industry 923140, Administration of Veterans' 

Affairs; 

 Operating state employment job service offices--are classified in U.S. Industry 561311, 

Employment Placement Agencies; and 

 Operating programs for public assistance, social work, and welfare--are classified in Subsector 

624, Social Assistance. 

92314 Administration of Veterans' Affairs US 

 See industry description for 923140 below. 

923140 Administration of Veterans' Affairs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration of programs 

of assistance, training, counseling, and other services to veterans and their dependents, heirs or survivors. 

Included in this industry are Veterans' Affairs offices that maintain liaison and coordinate activities with 

other service organizations and governmental agencies. 

Cross-References. 
 Government establishments operating veterans' hospitals are classified in Subsector 622, 

Hospitals; 

 Establishments providing veterans' insurance are classified in Subsector 524, Insurance Carriers 

and Related Activities; and 

 Establishments operating civic and social organizations for veterans are classified in Industry 

813410, Civic and Social Organizations. 

924 Administration of Environmental Quality Programs US 

 The Administration of Environmental Quality Programs subsector groups government establishments 

primarily engaged in the administration of environmental quality. 

9241 Administration of Environmental Quality Programs US 

92411 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs US 

 See industry description for 924110 below. 

924110 Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: 

(1) the administration, regulation, and enforcement of air and water resource programs; (2) the 

administration and regulation of solid waste management programs; (3) the administration and regulation 

of water and air pollution control and prevention programs; (4) the administration and regulation of flood 

control programs; (5) the administration and regulation of drainage development and water resource 

consumption programs; (6) the administration and regulation of toxic waste removal and cleanup programs; 

and (7) coordination of these activities at intergovernmental levels. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Environmental protection program administration, public administration 

Waste management program (except sanitation districts), administration, public administration 

Pollution control program administration, public administration 

Water control and quality program administration, public administration 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating water and irrigation systems--are classified in Industry 221310, Water Supply and 

Irrigation Systems; 

 Administering sanitation districts--are classified in Industry 926130, Regulation and 

Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities; 

 Operating sewage treatment facilities--are classified in Industry 221320, Sewage Treatment 

Facilities; and 

 Providing waste collection, treatment, disposal, and/or remediation--are classified in Subsector 

562, Waste Management and Remediation Services. 

92412 Administration of Conservation Programs US 

 See industry description for 924120 below. 

924120 Administration of Conservation Programs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration, regulation, 

supervision and control of land use, including recreational areas; conservation and preservation of natural 

resources; erosion control; geological survey program administration; weather forecasting program 

administration; and the administration and protection of publicly and privately owned forest lands. 

Government establishments responsible for planning, management, regulation and conservation of game, 
fish, and wildlife populations, including wildlife management areas and field stations; and other 

administrative matters relating to the protection of fish, game, and wildlife are included in this industry. 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating parks--are classified in Industry 712190, Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions; 

 Operating forest property--are classified in Subsector 113, Forestry and Logging; 

 Geophysical surveying and/or mapping--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying 

and Mapping Services; 

 Surveying and/or mapping (except geophysical)--are classified in Industry 541370, Surveying and 

Mapping (except Geophysical) Services; 

 Weather forecasting--are classified in Industry 541990, All Other Professional, Scientific, and 

Technical Services; 

 Operating fish and game preserves--are classified in Industry 712130, Zoos and Botanical 

Gardens; and 

 Serving as urban planning commissions--are classified in Industry 925120, Administration of 

Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development. 

925 Administration of Housing Programs, Urban Planning, and Community Development US 

 The Administration of Housing Programs, Urban Planning, and Community Development subsector 

groups government establishments primarily engaged in the administration of housing, urban planning, and 

community development. 

9251 Administration of Housing Programs, Urban Planning, and Community Development US 

92511 Administration of Housing Programs US 

 See industry description for 925110 below. 

925110 Administration of Housing Programs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration and planning 

of housing programs. 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating government rental housing--are classified in Subsector 531, Real Estate; 

 Conducting building inspections and enforcing building codes and standards--are classified in 

Industry 926150, Regulation, Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors; 

and 

 Buying, pooling, and repackaging mortgages or home loans for sale to others on the secondary 

market--are classified in U.S. Industry 522294, Secondary Market Financing. 

92512 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development US 

 See industry description for 925120 below. 

925120 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration and planning 

of the development of urban and rural areas. Included in this industry are government zoning boards and 

commissions. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Land redevelopment agencies, government 

Urban planning commissions, government 
Regional planning and development program administration, public administration 

Zoning boards and commissions, public administration 

 

926 Administration of Economic Programs US 

 This subsector comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration of 

economic programs. 

9261 Administration of Economic Program US 

92611 Administration of General Economic Programs US 

 See industry description for 926110 below. 

926110 Administration of General Economic Programs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration, promotion 

and development of economic resources, including business, industry, and tourism. Included in this 

industry are government establishments responsible for the development of general statistical data and 

analyses and promotion of the general economic well-being of the governed area. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Consumer protection offices, public administration 

Small business development agencies, public administration 

Economic development agencies, government 

Trade commissions, government 

General economics statistical agencies, public administration 

92612 Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs US 

 See industry description for 926120 below. 

926120 Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration, regulation, 

licensing, planning, inspection, and investigation of transportation services and facilities. Included in this 

industry are government establishments responsible for motor vehicle and operator licensing, the Coast 

Guard (except the Coast Guard Academy), and parking authorities. 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating airports, railroads, depots, ports, toll roads and bridges, and other transportation 

facilities--are classified in Sector 48-49, Transportation and Warehousing; 

 Operating parking lots and parking garages--are classified in Industry 812930, Parking Lots and 

Garages; 

 Operating automobile safety inspection and emission testing facilities--are classified in Industry 

Group 8111, Automotive Repair and Maintenance; 

 Building and/or maintaining roads and highways--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, 

Street, and Bridge Construction; 

 Providing air traffic control services--are classified in U.S. Industry 488111, Air Traffic Control; 

and 

 Operating weigh stations--are classified in Industry 488490, Other Support Activities for Road 

Transportation. 

92613 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities US 

 See industry description for 926130 below. 
926130 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration, regulation, 

licensing and inspection of utilities, such as communications, electric power (including fossil, nuclear, 

solar, water, and wind), gas and water supply, and sewerage. 

Cross-References. 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in operating utilities are classified in Subsector 221, 

Utilities. 

92614 Regulation of Agricultural Marketing and Commodities US 

 See industry description for 926140 below. 

926140 Regulation of Agricultural Marketing and Commodities US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the planning, administration, 

and coordination of agricultural programs for production, marketing, and utilization, including educational 

and promotional activities. Included in this industry are government establishments responsible for 

regulating and controlling the grading and inspection of food, plants, animals, and other agricultural 

products. 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Administering programs for developing economic data about agricultural and trade in agricultural 

products--are classified in Industry 926110, Administration of General Economic Programs; 

 Administering programs for the conservation of natural resources--are classified in Industry Group 

9241, Administration of Environmental Quality Programs; and 

 Administering food stamp programs--are classified in Industry 923130, Administration of Human 

Resource Programs (except Education, Public Health, and Veterans' Affairs Programs). 

92615 Regulation, Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors US 

 See industry description for 926150 below. 

926150 Regulation, Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the regulation, licensing, and 

inspection of commercial sectors, such as retail trade, professional occupations, manufacturing, mining, 

construction, and services. Included in this industry are government establishments maintaining physical 

standards, regulating hazardous conditions not elsewhere classified, and enforcing alcoholic beverage 

control regulations. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Alcoholic beverage control boards, public administration 

Labor management negotiations boards, government 

Banking regulatory agencies, public administration 

Licensing and permit issuance for business operations, government 

Building inspections, government 

Licensing and permit issuance for professional occupations, government 

Insurance commissions, government 

Securities regulation commissions, public administration 

Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 
 Regulating, administering, and inspecting transportation services and facilities--are classified in 

Industry 926120, Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs; and 

 Regulating, administering, and inspecting communications, electric, gas, and other utilities--are 

classified in Industry 926130, Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, 

and Other Utilities. 

927 Space Research and Technology US 

 This subsector group comprises government establishments that conduct space research. 

9271 Space Research and Technology US 

92711 Space Research and Technology US 

 See industry description for 927110 below. 

927110 Space Research and Technology US 

 This industry comprises government establishments primarily engaged in the administration and 

operations of space flights, space research, and space exploration. Included in this industry are government 

establishments operating space flight centers. 

Cross-References. 

 Private establishments primarily engaged in providing space freight transportation are classified in 

U.S. Industry 481212, Nonscheduled Chartered Freight Air Transportation; 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing aerospace vehicles and parts are 

classified in Industry 33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing; and 

 Government establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing space satellites are classified in 

Industry 334220, Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment 

Manufacturing. 

928 National Security and International Affairs US 

 This subsector comprises government establishments primarily engaged in national security and 

international affairs. 

9281 National Security and International Affairs US 

92811 National Security US 

 See industry description for 928110 below. 

928110 National Security US 

 This industry comprises government establishments of the Armed Forces, including the National Guard, 

primarily engaged in national security and related activities. 

Illustrative Examples: 

Air Force 

Military police 

Army 

Military training schools (except military service academies) 

Marine Corps 

National Guard 

Military courts 

Navy 
Cross-References. Government establishments primarily engaged in-- 

 Operating military service academies--are classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities, 

and Professional Schools; and 

 Regulating and administering water transportation, such as the U.S. Coast Guard and the Merchant 

Marine--are classified in Industry 926120, Regulation and Administration of Transportation 

Programs. 

92812 International Affairs US 

 See industry description for 928120 below. 

928120 International Affairs US 

 This industry comprises establishments of U.S. and foreign governments primarily engaged in 

international affairs and programs relating to other nations and peoples. 

Cross-References. 

 Private sector trade associations and councils are classified in Industry 813910, Business 

Associations; and 

 Government establishments administering international trade, such as trade commissions and 

councils are classified in Industry 926110, Administration of General Economic Programs.