----- Forwarded by Melanie King/RTP/USEPA/US on 02/23/2011 03:50 PM

----- |------------> | From: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |Melanie King/RTP/USEPA/US | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | To: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |"Walker, Jon" <jwalke1@wyo.gov> | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | Cc: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |"Hanify, Chris" <CHanif@wyo.gov>, "O'Dell, Jamie" <JO'Del@wyo.gov>, "Gill, Robert" <RGill@wyo.gov> | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | Date: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |02/23/2011 02:23 PM | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | Subject: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |Re: FW: NSPS Subpart JJJJ | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------|

Hi, I believe that is a typo and it should read ". . . petroleum refining ornatural gas production." Many of the definitions we use in subparts ZZZZ, IIII, and JJJJ were developed by an EPA Work Group during the late 1990s and early 2000s called the ICCR (Industrial Combustion Coordinated Rulemaking), and we looked back at some of the old ICCR memos, and it looks like it was "or" in those memos. See attached. I'll add this to my list of corrections that need to be made to ZZZZ and JJJJ, thank you for pointing it out. (See attached file: EPA-HQ-OAR-2002-0059-0047 (3).pdf)(See attached file: EPA-HQ-OAR-2002-0059-0334.pdf) Melanie King Energy Strategies Group Sector Policies and Programs Division Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Mail Code D243-01 RTP, NC 27711 Phone: (919) 541-2469 Fax: (919) 541-5450 king.melanie@epa.gov |------------> | From: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |"Walker, Jon" <jwalke1@wyo.gov> | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | To: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |Melanie King/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | Cc: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |"Hanify, Chris" <CHanif@wyo.gov>, "O'Dell, Jamie" <JO'Del@wyo.gov>, "Gill, Robert" <RGill@wyo.gov> | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | Date: ||------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |02/17/2011 03:49 PM | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |------------> | Subject: | |------------> >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------| |FW: NSPS Subpart JJJJ | >--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------|

(Embedded image moved to file: pic11837.gif) Hi Melanie, A quick question on the definition of LPG in Subpart JJJJ, From below: NSPS subpart JJJJ says that “Liquefied petroleum gas means any liquefied hydrocarbon gas obtained as a by-product in petroleum refining of natural gas production.” For propane, under NSPS subpart JJJJ it will be LPG if it comes from petroleum refining whereas it would be natural gas if it came straight from a gas plant (sans petroleum refining) based on some of the background information. So, is the definition in the standard a typo (should read “. . . by-product in petroleum refining or natural gas production.”) or does the process used to extract the propane affect its definition under this standard? In other words, is propane that results from processing natural gas considered LPG under JJJJ? Thanks for all of the help, Jon Jon Walker Air Quality Engineer WDEQ/AQD Lander Field Office 510 Meadowview Drive Lander, WY 82520 jwalke1@wyo.gov Ph. 307-335-6960 Fx. 307-332-7726 Cell: 307-349-0006

# OAR-2002-0059 

# I

# I-B-25 

# :ALPHA-GAMMA -r E 

## c H N 

## o L 

## o G I E 

### s , I N 

## c
. 

### MEMORANDUM DATE: July 

### 21,2000 SUBJECT: Preliminary Compilationof Definitions Used 

### in the Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines NESHAP FROM: Jennifer Snyder and Brahim Richani Alpha-Gamma Technologies, Inc. TO: Sims Roy, EPA OAQPS ESD Combustion Group The purpose of this memorandum is to documentthe definitions used in the National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants(NESHAP)for Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (RICE),and its supportingdocuments. The following definitionswere compiled from a variety of sources. These definitions are consistentwith definitions used in existing federal, state, and local rules and permits. They are also intendedto be consistentwith the terms being used within affected indusitries using large, stationary, internal combustionengines. An initial compilationof definitioniswas formulated by the Reciprocating Internal Combustion EngineWork Group of the Industrial Combustion Coordinated Rulemaking. Many of those definitions are included in the following list either in their original form or a somewhat modified form. EPA anticipates that the definitions in the following list will be used in the RICE NESHAF'. 

### Air-to--Fuel Ratio means the ratio of the air mass flow rate to the fuel mass flow rate. Brakealecific Fuel ConsumDtion meansthe input heat rate of the engine, based on the lower heating value 

### of the fuel, expressed on the basis 

### of power output 

### (Le.,kJNVhr.).



## -- Clean Gaseous Fuel means any fuel which is either natural gas, propane, processgas, or liquid petroleum gas. Compression Ignition Engine means any stationary RICE inwhich a high boiling point liquid fuel injected intothe combustionchamber igniteswhen the air charge has been

1

### compressedto a temperature sufficiently high for auto-ignition, including diesel engines and dual-fuel engines. Diesel Einaine means any stationary RICE in which a high boiling point liquid fuel injected iinto the combustion chamber ignites when the air charge has been compressedto a temperature sufficiently high for auto-ignition. This process is also known as compression ignition.



## --- Diesel Fuel means a liquid obtained from the distillation of petroleum with a boiling point of approximately 

### 150to 360 OC. One commonly used form 

### isfuel oil number

### 2. Disester- means a gaseous by-product of wastewater treatment, formed through the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste materials, and composed principally of methane and CO,. Other constituents may include, but are not limited to, trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, chlorinatled compounds,and siloxanes.



### -- Dual-Fuel Engine means any stationary RICE in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for compression ignition and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel. Emeraencv Power Unit means any stationary RICE that operates as a mechanical or electrical power source when the primary power source for a facility has been rendered inoperable by an emergency situation. Examples include (1) when electric powerfrom the local utility is interrupted or becomes unreliable and (2) to pumpwater in the case of fire or flood. This subcategory would not include (1) 

### peaking units at electric facilities and (2) engines at industrial facilities that typically operate at low capacity factors, but are not cohfined to emergency purposes.

~- 

### Exhaust Gas Recirculation means a methodof 

### NO, reduction that dilutes the fresh air/fuel mixture by recycling a fraction of the engine exhaust gas into the intake manifold.

-- 

### Four-Stroke Enaine means a type of engine which completes the power cycle in 

### two crankshaft revolutions, with intake and compression strokes in the first revolution and power arid exhaust strokes in the second revolution. Gas EInqbmeans any stationary RICE inwhich a gaseous fuel is ignited by an electric spark. This process is also known as spark ignition.

--___. 

### Gaseous)Fuel means a material used for combustion which is normally a gas with a heating value at standard temperature and pressure.

2

### -- Kerosene/Nashtha means a liquid fuel containing refined, partly refined or unrefined, petroleum products and liquid products of natural gas not less than IO

### percent of which distill below 347 OF

### and not less than 95 

### percent of which distill below 464 OF.


## --- Landfill Gas means a gaseous by-product of the land application of municipal refuse, formed tlhrough the anaerobic decomposition of waste materials, and composed principally of methane and CO,. Other constituents may include, but are not limited to, trace amiounts of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia,volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, chlorinated compounds, and siloxanes.



### -- Lean Burn Enaine means any two-stroke or four-stroke engine where the manufaciyrers recommendedoperating aidfuel ratio divided by the stoichiometric aidfuel ratio is greater than 1 .I. Liquid Fuel means fuels in liquid form at standard temperature and pressure, including but not limited to diesel, residuakrude oil, kerosenelnaphtha (jet fuel), and gasoline. Liquefied Petroleum Gas means a liquefied hydrocarbon gas obtained as a by-product in petroleum refining or natural gas production.

-- 

### Natural Aspiration means a methodof air intake using negative cylinder pressure and exhaust elimination using positive cylinder pressure.



### -~- Natural Gas means a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the Earth’s surface, of which the principal constituent is methane. May be field or pipeline quality.



### -- Non-Selective Catalytic Reduction (NSCR] means an add-on catalytic NO, control device for rich burn engines that, in a two step reaction, promotes the conversion of excess oxygen, NO,, CO, and VOC into CO,, 

### nitrogen, and water. Oxidation Catalvst means an add-on catalytic control device for lean burn engines that controls CO and volatile organic compounds by oxidation. Peakina Unit or Enaine means a standby engine intended for use during periods of high demand that are not emergencies. Pre-Combustion Chamber means a methodof NO, reduction for lean burn engines in which the combustion of a fuel-rich mixture in an auxiliary combustion chamber propagatesto the main combustion chamber, stabilizing main chamber combustion.



### -- Pre-Stratified Charue means an add-on 

### NO, control device applicable to rich burn engines that lowers combustion temperatures by injecting addition air into the intake manifold next to the intake valve as it opens at the start of a new cycle.
3

### ProDane means a colorless gas derived from petroleum and natural gas, with the mo1ec:ular structure C,H, suitable for use in spark-ignited internal combustion engines.

~- 

### Reference Ambient Conditions means a standard air temperature (29.4 "C, or 85 OF), 

### humidity (17 grams H,O/kg dry air, or 

### 75 grains H,O/lb dry air), and pressure (101.3 kilopascals, or 29.92 in. Hg).



## -- ResiduallCrude Oil means a liquid or semi-liquidfuel resulting from the distillation of petroleum and containing largely asphaltic hydrocarbons. Also known as asphaltum oil, liquid asphalt, black oil, petroleum tailings, and residuum.



### -~ Rich L3srrn Enaine means any four-stroke spark ignited engine where the manufacturers recommendedoperating aidfuel ratio divided by the stoichiometric aidfuel ratio is less than or equal to 

### I .I. Scavenainqmeans the combined intake and exhaust process where the cylinder is cleared of burned gases, and filled with a fresh mixture or with air.

-- 

### Selective! Catalvtic Reduction (SCR) means an add-on catalytic 

### NO, control device for lean burn engines that promotes the conversion of NO, and a reducing agent, typically ammonia, into nitrogen and water.

-- 

### Small Engrne means any stationary engine with a manufacturer's nameplate rating of less than or equal to 

### 500 brake horsepower. Spark Ignition Engine means a type of engine inwhich a compressed aidfuel mixture is ignited by a timed electric spark generated by a spark plug.



### -- Stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine means any internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work and which is not mobile. Stationary RICE differ from mobile RICE in that stationary RICE are! not self propelled, intendedto be propelled while performing their function, or portable lor transportable as that term is identified 

### inthe definition of non-road engine at 40 CFR 

### 139.2 (located in the RICE NESHAP Docket A-95-35, Document Number 11-A-8). Stoichiometric means the theoretical air to fuel ratio required for complete combustion. Two-StrQke Engine means a type of engine which completes the power cycle in single crankshaft revolution by combining the intake and compression operations into one stroke! anid the power and exhaust operations into a second stroke. This system requires auxiliary scavenging and inherently runs lean of stoichiometric. Turbo charging means a methodof air induction, using an exhaust gas driven turbine to 

### power an1 

### auxiliary air compressor to increasethe charge density of the air at the engine inlet. 

### 4

# A-95-35 ll-K-6

MEM

### 0

### R A 

### N 

### D U 

### M: DATE: September3, 

### 1998 

### SUBJECT: Summary of Proposed Definitions for Stationary Internal Combusti Engines ReciprocatingInternal Combustion EngineWork Group 

### FROM: 

### TO: ICCR CoordinatingCommittee The Reciprocating InternalCombustion EngineWork Group (RICEWG) compiled a list of recommended definitionswhich may pertain to the developmentof a MACT standard for RICE. The definitions have been dividedinto two sections: 1. Definitions On Which Consensus Was Reached:These are definitionson which WIG members reached consensus. 2. Definitions On Which Consensus Could Not Be Reached: These are definitions to whichWG members had a greater amount of disagreement. 

### This includes caseswhere certain members stated that the definition shouldnot be forwarded, and othermembers feltthe definition was important for the rulemaking. The comments on “rich burn” are listedin a separatedocument,entitled“Definitionof ‘Rich 

### Burn Engiine’ for the RICE MACT Standard,”because of the importanceand length 

### of comments of this definition. The definition for “lean burn” will be based on that of “richburn.”

iDEFINITIONS ON WHICH CONSENSUS WAS REACHED 

### 1. Stationary ReciprocatingInternal Combustion Engine: any internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work, that is not mobile. Stationary RICE differ frommobile RICE in that stationary RICE are not self propelned, intended to be propelled while performing their function,orportable or transportable as that term is identified in the definition of non-road engine at 40 CFR Section 

### 89.2. 2. Emergency Power Unit: any stationary reciprocatinginternal combustion enginethat operates as a mechanical or electrical power sourceduring emergencies, or for scheduled maintenance checks or operator training. Examples include 

### 1) when electricpower from the local utility is interrupted orbecomes unreliable and 2) to pump water in the 

### case of fire or flood. This subcategory would not include 

### 1) peaking units at electricutilities; and 

### 2) engines 

### at industrial facilitiesthat typically operate at low capacity factors,but arenot confined to emergency purposes. 

### 3. Dual-Fuel Engine: any stationary 

### RICE in which a liquid fuel (typicallydiesel fuel)is used for compression ignition and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel. 4. Brake SpecificFuel Consumption: the input heat rate of the engine, based on the lower heating value of the fuel,expressed on the basis of power output (i.e., kJNV-hr.)). 5. Spark 1:gnition Engine: a type 

### of engine in which a compressed aidfuelmixture 

### is ignited by a timed electricspark generated by a spark plug. Also known 

### as Otto Cycle. 

### 6. Two StrokeEngine: a type of engine which completes the power cycle in 

### a single crankshaft revolution by combining the intake and compression operations into one stroke and the power and exhaust operations into a second stroke. This system requires auxiliary scavenging and inherently runs lean of stoichiometric. 7. Four StrokeEngine: 

### a type of engine which completes the power cycle in two crankshaft revolutions, with intake and compression strokes in the first revolution and power and exhaust strokes in the second revolution. 

### 8. Digester Gas: 

### a gaseousby-product of wastewater treatment, formed through the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste materials, and comprised principally of methane and 

### CO;. Other constituentsmay include, but arenot limited to, trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, chlorinated compounds, and siloxanes. 9. Landfill Gas: a gaseous by-product of the land application of municipal refuse, formed


### 2through tlhe anaerobic decomposition of waste materials, and comprised principally of methane and CO,. Other constituentsmay include, but arenot limitedto, trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, chlorinated compounds, and siloxanes. 

### 10. Liquilfied Petroleum Gas: a liquefied hydrocarbon gas obtained 

### as a by-product in petroleum refining or natural gas production. 

### 11. Propane: a colorless gas derived from petroleum and natural gas, with the molecular structure C,H,, suitable for use in spark-ignited internal combustion engines. 

### 12. Liquid Fuel: fuelsin liquid form at standard temperature and pressure, including but not limited to diesel, residualkrude oil, kerosendnaphtha (jetfuel), and gasoline. 

### 13. Natural Gas: 

### a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases fsuntd in geologic formations beneath the Earth’s surface, 

### of which the principal constituent is methane. May be field orpipeline quality. 

### 14. ResidiuaVCrude Oil: a liquid or semi-liquid fuel resultingfrom the distillation of petroleum and containing largely asphaltic hydrocarbons. Also known 

### as asphaltum oil, liquid asplhalt, black oil, petroleum tailings, and residuum. 

### 15. KeroslenelNaphtha: a liquid fuel containingrefined, partly refined orunrefined, petroleum products and liquid products of natural gas not less than 

### 10percent 

### of which distillbelolw 

### 347 OF and not less than 95 percent of which distill below 

### 464 O 

### F. 16. SmallEngine: any stationary engine with a manufacturer’s nameplate rating of less than or equal to 

### 200 brake horsepower. 

### 17. Stoichiometric: the theoretical air to fuel ratio required for complete combustion. 

### 18. NSCR.: non-selective catalytic reduction; an add-on catalytic

### NO, control devicefor rich burn lengines that, in a two step reaction, promotes the conversion of excess oxygen, 

### NO,, 

### CO and 

### VOC into CO,, nitrogen and water. 

### 19. 

### SCR: selectivecatalytic reduction; an add-on catalytic

### NO, control deviceforlean burn engines that promotes the conversion of 

### NO, and a reducing agent,typically ammonia, into nitrogen and water. 

### 20. Oxidation Catalyst: an add-on catalytic control device for lean burn engines that controls CO and volatile organic compoundsby oxidation. 21. Air 

### do Fuel Ratio: the ratio of the air

### mass flow rate to the fuel mass 

### flow rate.


### 3

### 22. Natuiral Aspiration: a method 

### of air intake using negative cylinder pressure and exhaust elliminationusing positivecylinderpressure. 

### 23. Turbocharging: a method 

### ofairinduction, using an exhaust gas driven turbine to power an auxiliary air compressor

### to increase the charge density 

### ofthe air

### at the engine inlet.

4

### DEFINITIONS 

### ON 

### WHICH CONSENSUS COULD

### NOT

### BEREACHED


### 1. RefeseinceAmbient Conditions: standardair temperature (29.4 C, or 

### 85OF), humidity 

### (17 grams H,O/kg dry air, or 

### 75 grains

### H,O/lb dry air), and pressure 

### (101.3kilopascals, or 29.92 in. 

### Hg.).

0 

### Sam Clowney: TheWork Group should forward only definitionswhere the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussedthe use of the definition in the rule. This definition has not been discussed, it is not dearhow it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should NOT be forwarded.

0 

### Bob Stachowicz teleconference comment: It 

### is importantto include this definition.


### 2. Peak Lload: operation at 100percent

### of the manufacturer's design capacity.

0 

### Bob Stachowicz: It 

### is important to include this definition. While the phrase 'I 

### ... operation at 100percent of the manufacturer's design capacity" seems clear it may be open to interpretation. Many manufacturers define a maximum engine load at each available engine speed. This could result in several "peak"loads being available. 

### If you mean the maximum rating the engine is capable of, the definition may read better as "...operation at 1001percent of the manufacturer's design capacity at the maximum rated engine speed."

0 

### Sam Clowney: TheWork Group should forward only definitionswhere the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussedthe use ofthe definition in the rule. 

### This definition has not been discussed, it is not clear how it would be used in the rule:,and therefore it should NOT be forwarded.

0 

### Don Price: It is important to include this definition. In place of 100percent of the manufacturer's design capacity, use maximum instantaneousoperating load.


### 3. 

### Diesel Engine: means any stationary reciprocatinginternal combustionengine which utilizes compressionignition 

### as the firing initiator and burns a highboiling point liquid fuel.

0 Bob Stachowicz: 

### EPA is adding language to the final rulemaking for tiers 2 and 3 of the Noriroad CI 

### (37 kW) rule to define a CIengine as follows: "Compression ignition engine 

### means an engine with operating characteristics significantly similar to the theoretical diesel combustion cycle. The non-use 

### of a throttle to regulate intake air flow for controlling power during normal operation is indicative of a CIengine.'' See 

### also the "Compression Ignition" definition,

### #16, on page 

### 6. EPA should choose one consistent

5definition for a diesel, or CI, engine. Some of the fuels definitions appear to be inconsistent. See# 5,

### #7, and API suggested definitions on page 

### 5. 

### In #5,a diesel enginebums "ahigh boiling point liquid fuel". The 

### AF'I suggested definition for a high boiling point liquid fuel is a fuel 'I... which has a boiling point equal to or greaterthan diesel fuel" These are circular definitions. Don Price: any stationary RICE in which a high boiling point liquid fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites when the air charge has been compressed to a temperature Sufficientlyhigh for auto-ignition.


### 4. Compression Ignition: means 

### a type of ignition which utilizes a relatively high compression ratio and resultant high temperatures to produce auto-ignitionoffuel in the cylinder. Also known as Diesel Cycle. Don Price: see diesel engine definition: any stationaryRICE in which a high boiling point liquid fuel injected into the combustion chamber igniteswhen the air charge has been compressedto a temperature sufficientlyhigh for auto-ignition.


### 5. Diesel: fuel for diesel engines obtainedfrom distillation of petroleum. Also known as fuel oil number

### 2. Bo'b Stachowicz: 

### I would suggest that diesel fuel be more explicitly defined as "substantially equivalent to fuel oil 

### #2"(see 

### #30 on page 

### 7) or incorporate an actual ASTM definition, or use cut points to define high temperature (see the definition for kerosene on page 

### 7 

### -- which may have been extracted from an ASTM definition). Don Price: (add fuel to the defined word: diesel 

## fuel). a liquid obtained from the distillation ofpetroleum with aboiling point of approximately 

### 150to 360 "C. 

### Also known as fuel oil number 

### 2. Bill Walker: 

### If diesel engines are defined accordingto the fuel they use, defining diesel fuel as fuel oil 

### #2 or higher doesn't work. 

### In Alaska, and 

### I expectin northern tier states such as Minnesota or North Dakota, lighterweight fuels may be used, especiallybut not only in the winter time. #1 orJet A is used here. 

### So is DFA, which is an arctic grade which 

### Ibelieve is based on military specifications,and is similar to #l. Lighten:grades are used here because: 

### #2 gels in extreme cold; #2 diesel made in Alaska still containsup to 0.5% sulfur; if an operator uses a lower


### 6sulfurfuel to avoid causing violations

### of the ambient 

### SO2 standardor increment,the lower sulfur content may be achievedby blending with Jet A; 

### On the North Slope, the toppingplants probably don't make diesel fuel as heavy as#2.


### 6. Gas Engine: means any stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine burning a gaseousfuel and ignited by an electric spark.

8 Doin Price: any stationaryRICE in which 

### a gaseous fuel is ignitedby 

### an electricspark.

7. 

### Unmanned Engine: means any stationary engine installed and operating at a location which does not have an operator regularlypresent at the sitefor 

### 24 hour intervals.

8 

### Bob S tachowicz: Definitions

### #8, Unmanned Engine, and #, Non-Remote Operation, appearto be the inverseof each other. 

### I suggestthat # be titled "Manned Engine" as whether or not an engine is "remote" (meaning distant) does not indicateif it will be manned or not.

8 Mike Milliet: It appearsto me that these are complimentarydefinitions. Why not rename "NcmRemote Operation"to "MannedEngine" and define "MannedEngine"as "any engine installedand operatingat a location which has 

### an operatorregularly present at the site for someportion of each 24-hourday". "Unmanned engine": "any engine installed and operating at a location which does not have 

### an operator regularly present at the site ffor !someportion 

### of each 24-hour day".

8 

### Sam Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitionswhere the groupcan provide technical input 

### or where the group has discussedthe use of the definitionin the rule. This definitionhas not been discussed,it is not clear how it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should

### NOT be forwarded.

e 

### Don Price: any stationaryRICE installedand operatingat a location for which 

### an opeiratoris not regularly present at intervals of 24 hours or more.


### 8. Non-RemoteOperation: means any engine installed and operatingat a location which has an operator regularly present at the site 

### for some portion of a 24-hourday.

8 

### Bob1 Stachowicz: Definitions

### #8, Unmanned Engine, and #El,Non-Remote Operation, appearto be the inverse of each other. 

### I suggest that #9 be titled "Manned Engine" as whether or not an engineis "remote" (meaning distant) does not indicateif it will be manned ornot.


### 7Mike Milliet: It appears to me that these are complimentary definitions. Why not rename "Non-Remote Operation" 

### to "MannedEngine" and define "MannedEngine" 

### as "any engine installed and operating at a location which has an operatorregularly present at the site: for someportion of each 24-hour day". "Unmanned engine": "anyengine installed and operating at a location which does not have an operatorregularly present at the site for some portion 

### of each 24-hour day". Sam Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitions where the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussed the 

### use of the definition in the 

### rule. This definition 

### has not been discussed, itis not clearhow it would be used in the 

### rule, and therefore it should 

### NOT be forwarded. 

### Doin Price: any stationary RICE installed and operating at a location for which an operator is regularly present at intervals of less than 24 hours.


### 9. 

### Rotary Engine: means any Wankel type engine where energy from the combustionof 

### fuel is converted directly to rotary motions instead 

### of reciprocating motion. Sann Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitions where the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussed the use of the definition in the rule:. This definition has not been discussed, it is not clear how it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should 

### NOT be forwarded.

0 

### Don Price: means any Wankel type engine where energy from the combustion of fuel is Converted directly to rotary motions using rotary pistons.


### 10. Rich Blurn: (see supplementary document for these comments)


### 11. Lean Burn: (will be defined subsequent to drafting the rich burn definition) 

### Bob Stachowicz: "Lean burn" should reflect that lean burn engines manufactured today typically have 

### 7%or more exhaust oxygen content. 

### Don Price: (add "engine" to the defined word: lean burn enpine). any two or four stroke 

### spark ignited engine that is not 

### arich burn engine.


### 12. Peaking Engine: means an engine whose intendedusagetime is 

### primarilystandby operation, only for times of 

### high demand.


### 8a 

### Bob Stachowicz: Waukesha has no problem with these as written. 

### If more elaborate definitions should be needed, however, 

### I would refer you to Waukesha’sPower Rating Chart (a copy of which you should.have). This document contains several ratings definitions which could be used or adopted for ICCR purposes.

a 

### Sam Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitions where the group can prowide technicd input or where the group has discussed the 

### use of the definition in the 

### rule. This definition has not been discussed, it is not clearhow it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should NOT be forwarded.

a 

### Don Price: a standby engine intended 

### for use during periods 

### of high demand that are not emlergencies.

a Mike Horowitz: We should keep definitions of peaking unit and baseload unit because the:y are relevant to the definition of emergencypower unit.

a Billl Walker: This is an important definition. 

### If an engineis used at all forpeaking, then it should not be considered an emergency generator. Suggestion: “Peaking unit means a standby engine used during periods of high demand that are emergencies.” 

### Do not use 

### “only for times 

### of high demand.” 

### If an engine is actually used during high demand and at

,other times then it should not be considered an emergency unit.


### 13. 

### BaselaladEngine: means an engine whose intended usage time 

### is continuous operation.

a 

### Bob Stachowicz: Waukesha has no problem with these as written. 

### If more elaborate definitions shouldbe needed, however,

### I would refer you to Waukesha‘s Power Rating Chart (a copy 

### of which 

### you should have). This document contains several ratings definitions which could be used or adopted for ICCR purposes.

a Sam Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitionswhere the 

### group can provide technical input or where the group has discussed the use of the definition in the 

### mule. This definition has not been discussed, it is not clearhow it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should NOT be forwarded.

a 

### Don Price: 

### an engine intended for continuous operation.

a 1Mik:eHorowitz: We should keep definitions of peaking unit and baseload unit because they are relevant to the definition of emergency power unit.
14. 

### Exhaust Gas Recirculation: means a fraction of the engine exhaust gases are recycled to the intake to dilute the fresh mixturefor control of

### NO, emissions.


### 9

### Sam Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitions where the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussed the use of the definition in the rule. This definition has not been discussed, it is not clear how it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should 

### NOT be forwarded. 

### Don Price: 

### a method of

### NO, reduction that dilutes the fresh aidfuel mixture by recycling a fraction 

### of the engine exhaust gas into the intake manifold.


### 15. Pre-CombustionChamber: means an antechamber that ignites a 

### relatively fuel rich mixture that propagatesto the main combustion chamberand promotes thorough air to fuel mixing and complete combustion

### of the lean air to fuel ratio in the main chamber. Bob Stachowicz: 

### A PCC is not designed or intended to "promotes thorough air-to-fuel snixing" 

### as stated in the proposed definition. 

### If it did it would be by coincidence. The purpose of the PCC is to enhance ignition 

### of the very lean air-to-fuel mixtures used by many lean bum engines. See the RationaleDocument, page 

### 4,Section 

### 1.1.2.1.1. 

### I would suggest text along these lines: "means an antechamber in which a spark plug ignites a relatively fuel rich mixture. These burning gassespropagate into the main chamber through 

### one or more smdl orifices to consistently ignite the lean air-to-fuel bulk mixture and lead to complete combustion." 

### Sam1 Clowney: The Work Group should forward only definitions where the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussed the use of the definition in the rule. This definition has not been discussed,it is not clearhow it would be used in the rule, and therefore it should 

### NOT be forwarded. Bob 

### Stachowicz teleconference comment: It is important to include this definition. Don Price: a method of 

### NO, reduction for lean 

### burn engines in which the combustion of a fuel-rich mixture in an auxiliarycombustion chamber propagates to the main combustion chamber, stabilizing main chamber combustion.


### 16. Operator: means an individual whose work duties indude the operation, evaluation, and/or adjustment

### ofthe combustion system, i.e. internal combustion engine. Sam Clowney: TheWork Group should forward only definitions where the group can provide technical input or where the group has discussed the use ofthe definition in the rule. 

### This definition has not been discussed, it is not clearhow itwould be used in the rule, and therefore it should NOT be forwarded. Bob Stachowicz teleconference comment: It is important to include this definition.
10e Don Price: not needed.


### 17. Pre-Stratified Charge: means an add-oncontrol device applicable to lean burn engines which utilizesan increased air contentto act

### as a heat sink in order to lower combustion temperatures.

e Bob Stachowicz: First, "Pre-Stratified Charge"

### is a trademarked name similar to CooperSulperior's "Clean Bum" designation for their family of lean combustion engines. Second, 

### PSC is applied to 

### RICH burn enginesto give them the operating characteristicsof lean bum designed engines. Very briefly, in a 

### PSC system, air (or a combinationof air and 

### EG;R) is injected into the intakerunners of an engine immediatelyupstream of the intake valves using special tubes. When this air is drawn into the combustion chamber

### -- along with the normally rich orjust lean aidfuel mixture 

### -- it "pre-stratifies" the charge and gives an 

### OVERALL lean air-to-fuel ratio. Over7% exhaustoxygenisnot uncommon. Thiis system allows an engine to retain its normally rich fuel system (cost saving)and still operate

### as a lean bum with attendant low 

### NO,. The definition would be acceptableif the words "lean burn" were changed to "rich bum". 

### A final phrase 'I... to reduce NO, emission." couldbe added to further clarifythe purpose of this system. Sam Clowney: TheWork Group should forwardonly definitionswhere the group can provide technical input or where the grouphas discussedthe use of the definition in the rule. This definition has not been discussed,it is not clearhow it would be used in the 

### rule, and therefore it should NOT be forwarded.

a 

### Don Price: an add-on 

### NO, control device applicable to rich burn engines that lowers combustion temperaturesby injectingaddition air into the intakemanifold next to the intake valve as it opens at the start of 

### a new cycle.


### 18. Gaseous Fuel: a material used for combustion which 

### is normally a gas with a 

### heating value at standard temperature and pressure.

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