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FOR RELEASE AT 10:00 AM EDT, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 13, 2024

QUARTERLY SELECTED SERVICES ESTIMATES, FOURTH QUARTER 2023

Release Number: CB24-43

March 13, 2024 — The U.S. Census Bureau announced the following selected services estimates for the 

fourth calendar quarter of 2023:

Selected Services Total

U.S. selected services total revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal variation but not 

for price changes, was $5,398.9 billion, an increase of 1.9 percent (± 0.6 percent) from the third quarter of 

2023 and up 6.6 percent (± 0.6 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The third quarter of 2023 to 

fourth quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from the advance estimate of 2.0 percent (± 0.6 

percent).

Utilities

U.S. utilities revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price 

changes, was $183.0 billion, an increase of 1.7 percent (± 1.5 percent) from the third quarter of 2023 and 

down 5.3 percent (± 1.5 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The second quarter of 2023 to third 

quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 0.1 percent (± 1.5 percent)* to -0.3 percent (± 1.5 

percent)*.

Transportation and warehousing

U.S. transportation and warehousing revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal 

variation but not for price changes, was $342.1 billion, an increase of 1.2 percent (± 0.9 percent) from the 

1.9%

0.0%

0.5%

1.0%

1.5%

2.0%

2.5%

3.0%

3.5%

Q4-2021/

Q3-2021

Q1-2022/

Q4-2021

Q2-2022/

Q1-2022

Q3-2022/

Q2-2022

Q4-2022/

Q3-2022

Q1-2023/

Q4-2022

Q2-2023/

Q1-2023

Q3-2023/

Q2-2023

Q4-2023/

Q3-2023

U.S. Selected Services Total Revenue

Quarter-to-Quarter Percentage Change (Seasonally Adjusted)

Note: Data adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes. Differences between percent changes may be attributed to sampling or nonsampling 

error, rather than underlying economic conditions. Caution should be used in drawing conclusions from the estimates and comparisons shown. Additional 

information on the survey methodology, including sample error (e.g., standard errors and relative standard errors) and nonsampling error, may be found at 

https://www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected.html.

Source:Q4 2023 Quarterly Services Survey <www.census.gov/services>

SELECTED SERVICES

TOTAL REVENUE

4Q 2023 $5,398.9 billion +1.9 %

3Q 2023 (revised) $5,296.5 billion +0.7 %

Next release: May 22, 2024

Data are adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Services Survey, March 13, 2024
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third quarter of 2023 and down 3.1 percent (± 1.9 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The second

quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from -0.6 percent (± 0.8 percent)* 

to -0.3 percent (± 0.8 percent)*.

Information

U.S. information sector revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal variation but not for 

price changes, was $571.6 billion, an increase of 0.2 percent (± 0.6 percent)* from the third quarter of 

2023 and up 4.5 percent (± 0.8 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The second quarter of 2023 to 

third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 1.8 percent (± 0.8 percent) to 1.3 percent (± 0.8 

percent).

Finance and insurance

U.S. finance and insurance revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, not adjusted for seasonal variation, or 

price changes, was $1,628.5 billion, an increase of 1.5 percent (± 0.9 percent) from the third quarter of 

2023 and up 9.8 percent (± 1.1 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The third quarter of 2023 to 

fourth quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from the advance estimate of 1.7 percent (± 0.9 

percent).

Real estate and rental and leasing

U.S. real estate and rental and leasing revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal 

variation but not for price changes, was $248.9 billion, an increase of 1.1 percent (± 0.9 percent) from the 

third quarter of 2023 and up 8.0 percent (± 1.3 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The second 

quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 0.3 percent (± 0.8 percent)* 

to 0.1 percent (± 0.8 percent)*.

Professional, scientific, and technical services

U.S. professional, scientific, and technical services revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for 

seasonal variation but not for price changes, was $704.9 billion, an increase of 2.4 percent (± 0.9 percent) 

from the third quarter of 2023 and up 4.9 percent (± 1.1 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The 

second quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was not revised from 0.4 percent 

(± 0.6 percent)*.

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

U.S. administrative and support and waste management and remediation services revenue for the fourth 

quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes, was $335.0 billion, an increase 

of 0.5 percent (± 0.8 percent)* from the third quarter of 2023 and up 1.4 percent (± 1.7 percent)* from the 

fourth quarter of 2022. The second quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was not 
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revised from -1.1 percent (± 1.1 percent)*.

Educational services

U.S. educational services revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal variation but not 

for price changes, was $26.1 billion, an increase of 1.2 percent (± 4.5 percent)* from the third quarter of 

2023 and up 9.0 percent (± 3.8 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The second quarter of 2023 to 

third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 2.8 percent (± 2.1 percent) to 1.6 percent (± 2.5 

percent)*.

Health care and social assistance

U.S. health care and social assistance services revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for 

seasonal variation but not for price changes, was $941.0 billion, an increase of 3.3 percent (± 0.9 percent) 

from the third quarter of 2023 and up 10.6 percent (± 0.8 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The 

second quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 1.3 percent (± 0.6 

percent) to 1.6 percent (± 0.6 percent).

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

U.S. arts, entertainment and recreation services revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for 

seasonal variation but not for price changes, was $98.0 billion, an increase of 1.6 percent (± 3.6 percent)* 

from the third quarter of 2023 and up 4.7 percent (± 2.1 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The 

second quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 1.1 percent (± 3.2 

percent)* to virtually unchanged (± 3.2 percent)*. 

Accommodation

U.S. accommodation revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for seasonal variation but not for 

price changes, was $86.2 billion, an increase of 2.8 percent (± 0.8 percent) from the third quarter of 2023 

and up 5.1 percent (± 1.3 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The second quarter of 2023 to third 

quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from 2.5 percent (± 1.9 percent) to 2.4 percent (± 1.5 

percent).

Other services (except public administration)

U.S. other services (except public administration) revenue for the fourth quarter of 2023, adjusted for 

seasonal variation but not for price changes, was $228.6 billion, an increase of 7.2 percent (± 2.3 percent) 

from the third quarter of 2023 and up 12.9 percent (± 3.6 percent) from the fourth quarter of 2022. The 

second quarter of 2023 to third quarter of 2023 percentage change was revised from -4.3 percent (± 2.3 

percent) to -1.0 percent (± 2.3 percent)*.
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GENERAL INFORMATION

Benchmarking

Effective with the March 2024 release for the fourth quarter of 2023, seasonally adjusted quarterly 

services estimates have been revised to reflect historical corrections, new seasonal factors, and results of 

the 2022 Service Annual Survey. Not seasonally adjusted estimates were revised effective with the 

February advance release for the fourth quarter of 2023 to reflect historical corrections and results of the 

2022 Service Annual Survey.

Release Schedule

The first quarter 2024 Advance Quarterly Services Report is scheduled for release on May 22, 2024. View 

the full schedule in the Economic Briefing Room: <www.census.gov/economic-indicators/>. Additional 

industry detail and estimates of revenue, expenses, inpatient days, and discharges can be found at 

<www.census.gov/services/>.

RESOURCES

API

The Census Bureau’s application programming interface lets developers create custom apps to reach new 

users and makes key demographic, socio-economic and housing statistics more accessible than ever 

before. <www.census.gov/developers/>

FRED Mobile App

Receive the latest updates on the nation’s key economic indicators by downloading 

the FRED App <https://fred.stlouisfed.org/fred-mobile/> for both Apple and 

Android devices. FRED, the signature database of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. 

Louis, now incorporates the Census Bureau’s 13 economic indicators.

###

*The 90 percent confidence interval includes zero. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the actual change is different from zero.
Table 1a. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Revenue for Employer Firms, Seasonally Adjusted1

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023 

 (r)

2Q 

 2023 

 (r)

1Q 

 2023 

 (r)

4Q 

 2022 

 (r)

3Q 

 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023 

 (r)

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023 

 (r)

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022 

 (r)

Selected Services Total3...................................................................................................................................... 5,398,882 5,296,516 5,260,956 5,191,987 5,066,682 4,991,951 1.9 0.7 1.3 2.5 6.6 6.1

22 Utilities4,5.............................................................................................................................................................. 183,034 179,940 180,441 190,009 193,316 199,283 1.7 -0.3 -5.0 -1.7 -5.3 -9.7

2211 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution............................................................... 141,209 139,755 140,203 142,377 143,360 145,908 1.0 -0.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.5 -4.2

2212 Natural gas distribution........................................................................................................................... 36,851 35,165 35,445 42,876 45,485 48,942 4.8 -0.8 -17.3 -5.7 -19.0 -28.1

2213 Water, sewage and other systems.......................................................................................................... 4,974 5,020 4,793 4,756 4,471 4,433 -0.9 4.7 0.8 6.4 11.3 13.2

48-49 Transportation and warehousing6,7.................................................................................................................... 342,085 337,923 338,881 344,936 353,099 364,688 1.2 -0.3 -1.8 -2.3 -3.1 -7.3

481 Air transportation....................................................................................................................................... 68,522 67,192 67,214 66,005 66,198 67,450 2.0 Z 1.8 -0.3 3.5 -0.4

483 Water transportation...................................................................................... 15,441 15,344 15,000 14,620 14,214 13,806 0.6 2.3 2.6 2.9 8.6 11.1

4831 Deep sea, coastal, and Great Lakes water transportation................... 13,289 13,191 12,859 12,425 12,029 11,576 0.7 2.6 3.5 3.3 10.5 14.0

484 Truck transportation4.................................................................................................................................. 101,267 99,891 101,035 105,092 107,887 112,433 1.4 -1.1 -3.9 -2.6 -6.1 -11.2

4841 General freight trucking......................................................................................................................... 68,950 66,714 67,518 70,866 73,489 78,222 3.4 -1.2 -4.7 -3.6 -6.2 -14.7

48412 General freight trucking, long-distance............................................... 56,455 54,427 55,267 58,574 59,301 63,532 3.7 -1.5 -5.6 -1.2 -4.8 -14.3

4842 Specialized freight trucking.................................................................................................................. 32,317 33,177 33,517 34,226 34,398 34,211 -2.6 -1.0 -2.1 -0.5 -6.0 -3.0

485 Transit and ground passenger transportation..................................................................................... 19,067 18,469 17,725 17,382 16,975 15,844 3.2 4.2 2.0 2.4 12.3 16.6

486 Pipeline transportation................................................................................. 17,681 17,229 17,382 17,585 17,449 17,869 2.6 -0.9 -1.2 0.8 1.3 -3.6

487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation.................................................................................................. 1,269 1,203 1,197 1,156 1,105 1,156 5.5 0.5 3.5 4.6 14.8 4.1

488 Support activities for transportation.......................................................... 70,186 70,353 72,071 75,476 79,529 86,089 -0.2 -2.4 -4.5 -5.1 -11.7 -18.3

492 Couriers and messengers.......................................................................................................................... 34,363 34,516 33,323 34,282 35,730 35,872 -0.4 3.6 -2.8 -4.1 -3.8 -3.8

51 Information ........................................................................................................................................................... 571,619 570,247 563,015 557,268 547,239 549,517 0.2 1.3 1.0 1.8 4.5 3.8

511 Publishing industries (except Internet)4................................................................................................. 150,197 149,124 143,434 142,283 138,846 136,837 0.7 4.0 0.8 2.5 8.2 9.0

5111 Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers4.....................................22,265 21,895 22,484 22,503 22,036 21,716 1.7 -2.6 -0.1 2.1 1.0 0.8

51111 Newspaper publishers............................................................................................................................. 5,700 5,694 5,713 5,783 5,780 5,834 0.1 -0.3 -1.2 0.1 -1.4 -2.4

51112 Periodical publishers................................................................................................................................ 7,068 6,788 7,324 7,169 6,940 6,520 4.1 -7.3 2.2 3.3 1.8 4.1

5111 pt Book, directory and mailing list, and other publishers8..................................................................... 9,497 9,413 9,447 9,551 9,316 9,362 0.9 -0.4 -1.1 2.5 1.9 0.5

5112 Software publishers................................................................................................................................ 127,932 127,229 120,950 119,780 116,810 115,121 0.6 5.2 1.0 2.5 9.5 10.5

512 Motion picture and sound recording industries ................................................................................ 33,628 34,358 33,822 34,550 34,035 33,906 -2.1 1.6 -2.1 1.5 -1.2 1.3

515 Broadcasting (except Internet)4................................................................................................................. 44,924 45,214 46,049 46,389 47,684 46,420 -0.6 -1.8 -0.7 -2.7 -5.8 -2.6

5151 Radio and television broadcasting....................................................................................................... 23,018 23,313 23,595 23,718 24,553 24,199 -1.3 -1.2 -0.5 -3.4 -6.3 -3.7

5152 Cable and other subscription programming............................................................................... 21,906 21,901 22,454 22,671 23,131 22,221 Z -2.5 -1.0 -2.0 -5.3 -1.4

5171 Wired telecommunications carriers.......................................................... 74,276 74,897 75,263 76,163 76,479 77,187 -0.8 -0.5 -1.2 -0.4 -2.9 -3.0

5172 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite)...................... 77,932 76,896 75,680 75,803 75,678 77,571 1.3 1.6 -0.2 0.2 3.0 -0.9

518 Data processing, hosting, and related services............................................................................. 85,926 82,977 80,782 79,888 78,666 78,185 3.6 2.7 1.1 1.6 9.2 6.1

519 Other information services............................................................................. 96,700 93,807 91,566 89,375 87,424 87,269 3.1 2.4 2.5 2.2 10.6 7.5

522 Credit intermediation and related activities............................................. 498,826 500,993 501,400 475,905 442,128 397,008 -0.4 -0.1 5.4 7.6 12.8 26.2

5221 Depository credit intermediation............................................................ 217,492 224,582 221,892 213,670 199,969 182,218 -3.2 1.2 3.8 6.9 8.8 23.2

5223 Activities related to credit intermediation........................................................ 43,895 43,509 42,334 40,637 38,746 38,416 0.9 2.8 4.2 4.9 13.3 13.3

53 Real estate and rental and leasing4.................................................................................. 248,883 246,092 245,895 244,751 230,377 236,970 1.1 0.1 0.5 6.2 8.0 3.8

531 Real estate4......................................................................................................................177,097 174,285 175,068 174,074 162,288 169,270 1.6 -0.4 0.6 7.3 9.1 3.0

5311 Lessors of real estate.................................................................................. 98,468 94,982 94,286 92,227 87,540 86,350 3.7 0.7 2.2 5.4 12.5 10.0

5312 Offices of real estate agents and brokers............................................................. 39,927 41,737 42,216 45,211 39,369 47,384 -4.3 -1.1 -6.6 14.8 1.4 -11.9

5313 Activities related to real estate................................................................ 38,702 37,566 38,566 36,636 35,379 35,536 3.0 -2.6 5.3 3.6 9.4 5.7

532 Rental and leasing services ........................................................................................ 56,612 56,329 55,579 55,289 53,495 52,858 0.5 1.3 0.5 3.4 5.8 6.6

5321 Automotive equipment rental and leasing4...........................................................23,405 23,171 22,703 22,780 22,423 22,002 1.0 2.1 -0.3 1.6 4.4 5.3

53211 Passenger car rental and leasing..................................................................... 15,321 15,083 14,547 14,554 14,328 13,932 1.6 3.7 Z 1.6 6.9 8.3

53212 Truck, utility trailer, and RV (recreational

 vehicle) rental and leasing......................................... 8,084 8,088 8,156 8,226 8,095 8,070 Z -0.8 -0.9 1.6 -0.1 0.2

5324 Commercial and industrial machinery and

 equipment rental and leasing.......................................... 26,050 25,749 25,111 25,070 24,007 23,504 1.2 2.5 0.2 4.4 8.5 9.6

533 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets 

(except copyrighted works)................................................... 15,174 15,478 15,248 15,388 14,594 14,842 -2.0 1.5 -0.9 5.4 4.0 4.3

54 Professional, scientific, and technical services9.......................................................................................... 704,902 688,537 685,676 684,306 672,183 662,529 2.4 0.4 0.2 1.8 4.9 3.9

5411 Legal services9..................................................................................................................... 96,148 92,273 93,344 92,255 90,169 91,998 4.2 -1.1 1.2 2.3 6.6 0.3

5412 Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping,

 and payroll services ................................................ 54,074 53,536 52,215 53,612 51,907 50,510 1.0 2.5 -2.6 3.3 4.2 6.0

5413 Architectural, engineering, and related services.................... 111,407 108,757 108,099 107,282 105,387 103,591 2.4 0.6 0.8 1.8 5.7 5.0

54133 Engineering services................................................ 83,484 83,005 80,630 81,613 80,025 77,048 0.6 2.9 -1.2 2.0 4.3 7.7

5415 Computer systems design and related services.... 171,968 165,669 170,464 171,191 167,027 165,619 3.8 -2.8 -0.4 2.5 3.0 Z

5416 Management, scientific, and technical 

 consulting services.................................................... 99,954 99,428 97,780 96,821 96,986 92,260 0.5 1.7 1.0 -0.2 3.1 7.8

5417 Scientific research and development services.......................... 77,966 76,101 74,499 73,714 71,819 72,139 2.5 2.2 1.1 2.6 8.6 5.5

5418 Advertising, public relations, and related services.................. 48,687 46,892 45,840 44,411 43,910 42,949 3.8 2.3 3.2 1.1 10.9 9.2

5419 Other professional, scientific, and technical services............ S 35,293 S 34,962 S 32,403 S S S S S 8.9

56 Administrative and support and waste management 

 and remediation services4................................................................ 335,039 333,442 337,193 338,189 330,367 334,035 0.5 -1.1 -0.3 2.4 1.4 -0.2

561 Administrative and support services4...........................................................................297,947 297,098 301,109 301,937 295,346 299,328 0.3 -1.3 -0.3 2.2 0.9 -0.7

5613 Employment services ............................................................................................................................. 119,348 121,421 126,411 128,762 126,704 132,491 -1.7 -3.9 -1.8 1.6 -5.8 -8.4

5615 Travel arrangement and reservation services ..................................................................................................................... 21,583 22,016 21,261 20,165 19,633 19,859 -2.0 3.6 5.4 2.7 9.9 10.9

561 pt Other administrative and support services10............................................................................................ 157,016 153,661 153,437 153,010 149,009 146,978 2.2 0.1 0.3 2.7 5.4 4.5

562 Waste management and remediation services ..................................................................................................................... 37,092 36,344 36,084 36,252 35,021 34,707 2.1 0.7 -0.5 3.5 5.9 4.7

61 Educational services11

 ............................................................................................... 26,122 25,809 25,406 24,800 23,970 23,612 1.2 1.6 2.4 3.5 9.0 9.3

6116 Other schools and instruction................................................................... 10,001 9,893 9,706 9,433 9,058 9,082 1.1 1.9 2.9 4.1 10.4 8.9

6117 Educational support services..................................................................... 7,594 7,531 7,240 7,077 6,844 6,539 0.8 4.0 2.3 3.4 11.0 15.2

[Estimates are adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

2012 

 NAICS 

 code2

Kind of business

Total revenue (millions of dollars) Percent change 

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 1a. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Revenue for Employer Firms, Seasonally Adjusted1

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023 

 (r)

2Q 

 2023 

 (r)

1Q 

 2023 

 (r)

4Q 

 2022 

 (r)

3Q 

 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023 

 (r)

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023 

 (r)

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022 

 (r)

[Estimates are adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

2012 

 NAICS 

 code2

Kind of business

Total revenue (millions of dollars) Percent change 

62 Health care and social assistance4.................................................................................. 940,997 911,163 896,990 881,633 851,023 828,944 3.3 1.6 1.7 3.6 10.6 9.9

Health care and social assistance - tax-exempt4.......................................................... 474,944 456,312 450,985 444,929 433,695 416,500 4.1 1.2 1.4 2.6 9.5 9.6

621 Ambulatory health care services4.................................................................................380,428 371,145 364,067 358,550 342,105 337,320 2.5 1.9 1.5 4.8 11.2 10.0

Ambulatory health care services - taxable12............................................................343,111 334,714 328,040 322,308 306,841 302,494 2.5 2.0 1.8 5.0 11.8 10.7

Ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt13.....................................................37,317 36,431 36,027 36,242 35,264 34,826 2.4 1.1 -0.6 2.8 5.8 4.6

6211 Offices of physicians - taxable................................................................................171,017 167,750 166,378 162,329 153,436 152,840 1.9 0.8 2.5 5.8 11.5 9.8

6212 Offices of dentists - taxable.................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

6213 Offices of other health practitioners - taxable..................................................... 38,407 36,810 35,194 34,054 31,718 30,394 4.3 4.6 3.3 7.4 21.1 21.1

6214 Outpatient care centers4.......................................................................................... 61,501 59,457 58,535 58,071 55,900 55,268 3.4 1.6 0.8 3.9 10.0 7.6

Outpatient care centers - taxable........................................................................36,105 34,725 34,256 33,255 31,917 31,442 4.0 1.4 3.0 4.2 13.1 10.4

Outpatient care centers - tax-exempt.................................................................25,396 24,732 24,279 24,816 23,983 23,826 2.7 1.9 -2.2 3.5 5.9 3.8

6215 Medical and diagnostic laboratories - taxable..................................................... 17,909 17,629 17,585 17,867 17,665 17,674 1.6 0.3 -1.6 1.1 1.4 -0.3

6216 Home health care services4..................................................................................... 33,928 32,538 30,431 31,308 29,354 28,307 4.3 6.9 -2.8 6.7 15.6 14.9

Home health care services - taxable................................................................... S 25,760 23,720 S 22,956 22,022 S 8.6 S S S 17.0

Home health care services - tax-exempt............................................................6,915 6,778 6,711 6,606 6,398 6,285 2.0 1.0 1.6 3.3 8.1 7.8

622 Hospitals4..........................................................................................................................401,262 383,906 379,305 372,585 365,059 347,860 4.5 1.2 1.8 2.1 9.9 10.4

Hospitals - taxable.......................................................................................................42,603 42,117 41,166 40,382 39,533 38,743 1.2 2.3 1.9 2.1 7.8 8.7

Hospitals - tax-exempt................................................................................................358,659 341,789 338,139 332,203 325,526 309,117 4.9 1.1 1.8 2.1 10.2 10.6

6221 General medical and surgical hospitals4.................................................................375,474 359,218 354,775 348,747 341,382 325,586 4.5 1.3 1.7 2.2 10.0 10.3

General medical and surgical hospitals - taxable........................... 33,843 33,419 32,698 32,132 31,549 30,893 1.3 2.2 1.8 1.8 7.3 8.2

General medical and surgical hospitals - tax-exempt..................... 341,631 325,799 322,077 316,615 309,833 294,693 4.9 1.2 1.7 2.2 10.3 10.6

6222 Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals4.......................................................... 8,305 8,251 8,150 8,018 7,823 7,621 0.7 1.2 1.6 2.5 6.2 8.3

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals - taxable..................... 2,846 2,799 2,703 2,686 2,594 2,536 1.7 3.6 0.6 3.5 9.7 10.4

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals - tax-exempt.......................................5,459 5,452 5,447 5,332 5,229 5,085 0.1 0.1 2.2 2.0 4.4 7.2

623 Nursing and residential care facilities...................................................................... 82,841 80,597 79,441 77,311 73,952 73,360 2.8 1.5 2.8 4.5 12.0 9.9

Nursing and residential care facilities - tax-exempt...............................................26,764 26,546 25,827 25,941 24,479 24,444 0.8 2.8 -0.4 6.0 9.3 8.6

624 Social assistance............................................................................................................. 76,466 75,515 74,177 73,187 69,907 70,404 1.3 1.8 1.4 4.7 9.4 7.3

Social assistance - tax-exempt...................................................................................52,204 51,546 50,992 50,543 48,426 48,113 1.3 1.1 0.9 4.4 7.8 7.1

6241 Individual and family services................................................................................. 42,998 41,420 41,111 40,176 38,594 38,161 3.8 0.8 2.3 4.1 11.4 8.5

6242 Community food and housing, and emergency

 and other relief services.......................................... 13,664 13,821 13,435 13,313 12,905 12,186 -1.1 2.9 0.9 3.2 5.9 13.4

6244 Child day care services4.............................................................................................15,724 15,551 15,417 15,170 14,445 15,444 1.1 0.9 1.6 5.0 8.9 0.7

Child day care services - taxable......................................................... 10,540 S S S 9,473 9,669 S S S S 11.3 S

Child day care services - tax-exempt..................................................................5,184 5,039 5,085 5,231 4,972 5,775 2.9 -0.9 -2.8 5.2 4.3 -12.7

71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation4............................................................................. 98,001 96,467 96,435 95,998 93,646 89,476 1.6 Z 0.5 2.5 4.7 7.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation - taxable4.............................................................. 80,464 79,941 80,062 79,490 77,743 74,641 0.7 -0.2 0.7 2.2 3.5 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation - tax-exempt,4....................................................... 17,537 16,526 16,373 16,508 15,903 14,835 6.1 0.9 -0.8 3.8 10.3 11.4

711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries4.......................................41,340 41,254 42,557 43,001 41,418 39,840 0.2 -3.1 -1.0 3.8 -0.2 3.5

Performing arts, spectator sports, and 

 related industries - taxable4.................................. 36,854 36,600 38,089 38,577 37,287 35,720 0.7 -3.9 -1.3 3.5 -1.2 2.5

7111 Performing arts companies4.................................. 4,782 4,949 4,878 4,773 4,558 4,454 -3.4 1.5 2.2 4.7 4.9 11.1

Performing arts companies - taxable..................................................................2,516 2,774 2,763 2,714 2,667 2,583 -9.3 0.4 1.8 1.8 -5.7 7.4

Performing arts companies - tax-exempt...........................................................2,266 2,175 2,115 2,059 1,891 1,871 4.2 2.8 2.7 8.9 19.8 16.2

7112 Spectator sports - taxable........................................................................................14,722 14,712 15,051 15,243 14,869 13,670 0.1 -2.3 -1.3 2.5 -1.0 7.6

7113 Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events 14...............................12,666 12,877 11,973 11,607 10,731 10,960 -1.6 7.6 3.2 8.2 18.0 17.5

Promoters of performing arts, sports, and 

 similar events - taxable....................................................... 10,446 10,398 9,620 9,242 8,491 8,711 0.5 8.1 4.1 8.8 23.0 19.4

7114 Agents and managers for artists, athletes, 

 entertainers, and other public figures - taxable................ 3,000 2,905 3,038 3,066 2,887 2,957 3.3 -4.4 -0.9 6.2 3.9 -1.8

7115 Independent artists, writers, and performers - taxable....................................... 6,170 5,811 7,617 8,312 8,373 7,799 6.2 -23.7 -8.4 -0.7 -26.3 -25.5

712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions4.................................................. 7,065 6,003 6,191 6,400 6,190 5,427 17.7 -3.0 -3.3 3.4 14.1 10.6

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions - tax-exempt.........................6,327 5,249 5,479 5,706 5,544 4,728 20.5 -4.2 -4.0 2.9 14.1 11.0

713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries4....................................................49,596 49,210 47,687 46,597 46,038 44,209 0.8 3.2 2.3 1.2 7.7 11.3

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries - taxable4................................42,872 42,587 41,261 40,219 39,810 38,222 0.7 3.2 2.6 1.0 7.7 11.4

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries - tax-exempt...........................6,724 6,623 6,426 6,378 6,228 5,987 1.5 3.1 0.8 2.4 8.0 10.6

7131 Amusement parks and arcades - taxable.............................................................. 8,458 8,071 7,914 8,126 8,305 7,743 4.8 2.0 -2.6 -2.2 1.8 4.2

7132 Gambling industries - taxable................................................................................. 10,063 10,354 9,834 9,980 9,843 9,030 -2.8 5.3 -1.5 1.4 2.2 14.7

7139 Other amusement and recreation industries4......................................................31,075 30,785 29,939 28,491 27,890 27,436 0.9 2.8 5.1 2.2 11.4 12.2

Other amusement and recreation industries - taxable..................................... S 24,162 S 22,113 21,662 21,449 S S S 2.1 S 12.6

Other amusement and recreation industries - tax-exempt.............. 6,724 6,623 6,426 6,378 6,228 5,987 1.5 3.1 0.8 2.4 8.0 10.6

721 Accommodation4................................................................................................ 86,150 83,816 81,871 84,920 82,000 78,522 2.8 2.4 -3.6 3.6 5.1 6.7

7211 Traveler accommodation........................................................................... 82,949 80,660 78,688 81,801 79,016 75,591 2.8 2.5 -3.8 3.5 5.0 6.7

7212 RV (recreational vehicle) parks and recreational camps................... 2,427 2,394 2,399 2,375 2,237 2,212 1.4 -0.2 1.0 6.2 8.5 8.2

7213 Rooming and boarding houses................................................................. 774 762 784 744 747 719 1.6 -2.8 5.4 -0.4 3.6 6.0

81 Other services (except public administration)4,15................................................ 228,566 213,141 215,396 214,736 202,524 195,548 7.2 -1.0 0.3 6.0 12.9 9.0

811 Repair and maintenance................................................................................... 65,376 64,271 64,288 64,405 62,893 62,202 1.7 Z -0.2 2.4 3.9 3.3

8111 Automotive repair and maintenance....................................................... 42,892 42,223 41,804 42,896 41,032 40,965 1.6 1.0 -2.5 4.5 4.5 3.1

8114 Personal and household goods repair and maintenance................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

812 Personal and laundry services16..................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

8121 Personal care services............................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

8123 Drycleaning and laundry services........................................................... 8,684 8,412 8,279 8,252 8,089 7,839 3.2 1.6 0.3 2.0 7.4 7.3

8129 Other personal services............................................................................. S S S S S S S S S S S S

813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations - taxexempt17............................................................ 118,201 104,708 107,478 107,695 99,439 94,285 12.9 -2.6 -0.2 8.3 18.9 11.1

(p) Preliminary estimate. (r) Revised estimate. Z Absolute value is less than .05.

(1) The seasonal factors are based on a short time series that may not have stable seasonal patterns. As more estimates are added to the time series, large revisions in seasonal 

factors and consequently historical estimates may be observed. Data users should exercise caution when drawing inferences based on the seasonally adjusted estimates. Unless 

otherwise specified, seasonally adjusted estimates are obtained using a direct seasonal adjustment at the published NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) level.

(2) For a full description of the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) codes used in this table, see the 2012 NAICS manual or www.census.gov/naics/.

(3) Includes NAICS 22 (Utilities), NAICS 48-49 (Transportation and warehousing), NAICS 51 (Information), NAICS 52 (Finance and insurance), NAICS 53 (Real estate and rental and 

leasing), NAICS 54 (Selected professional, scientific, and technical services), NAICS 56 (Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services), NAICS 61 

(Educational services), NAICS 62 (Health care and social assistance), NAICS 71 (Arts, entertainment, and recreation), NAICS 721 (Accommodation), and NAICS 81 (Other services 

(except public administration)). Excludes government owned utilities, NAICS 482 (Rail transportation), NAICS 491 (Postal Service), NAICS 525 (Funds, trusts, and other financial 

vehicles), NAICS 54112 (Offices of notaries), NAICS 6111 (Elementary and secondary schools), NAICS 6112 (Junior colleges), NAICS 6113 (Colleges, universities, and professional 

schools), NAICS 8131 (Religious organizations), NAICS 81393 (Labor unions and similar labor organizations), NAICS 81394 (Political organizations), and NAICS 814 (Private 

households).

(4) Indicates seasonally adjusted estimates that are obtained by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for the detailed NAICS that 

comprise the respective level.

(5) Excludes government owned utilities. 

S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high variability (coefficient of variation greater than 30%), poor response quality 

(total quantity response rate is less than 50%) or other concerns about the estimate's quality. Unpublished estimates derived from this table by

subtraction are subject to these same limitations and should not be attributed to the U.S. Census Bureau. For a description of publication 

standards and the total quantity response rate, see www.census.gov/about/policies/quality/standards/standardf1.html. 

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 1a. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Revenue for Employer Firms, Seasonally Adjusted1

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023 

 (r)

2Q 

 2023 

 (r)

1Q 

 2023 

 (r)

4Q 

 2022 

 (r)

3Q 

 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023 

 (r)

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023 

 (r)

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022 

 (r)

[Estimates are adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

2012 

 NAICS 

 code2

Kind of business

Total revenue (millions of dollars) Percent change 

(7) Excludes NAICS 482 (Rail transportation) and 491 (Postal service).

(8) Includes NAICS 51113 (Book publishers), 51114 (Directory and mailing list publishers), and 51119 (Other publishers).

(9) Excludes NAICS 54112 (Offices of notaries).

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Services Survey, March 13, 2024, Project No. P-7502871 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-001.

(16) Seasonally adjusted estimates for series 812 are obtained indirectly by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for 

series 8121, 8123, and 8129, and the not seasonally adjusted estimates for series 8122 (see Table 1c).

(17) Excludes NAICS 8131 (Religious organizations), 81393 (Labor unions and similar labor organizations), and 81394 (Political organizations).

Note: Estimates cover taxable and tax-exempt firms unless otherwise specified. Additionally, estimates for some sectors and subsectors may include data for kinds of business not shown. 

Table 2a provides estimated measures of sampling variability. Data users who create their own estimates using data from this report should cite the U.S. Census Bureau as the source of the

original data only. Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at 

www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected.html.

(10) Includes NAICS 5611 (Office administrative services), 5612 (Facilities support services), 5614 (Business support services),

5616 (Investigation and security services), 5617 (Services to buildings and dwellings), and 5619 (Other support services).

(11) Excludes NAICS 6111 (Elementary and secondary schools), 6112 (Junior colleges), and 6113 (Colleges, universities, and professional schools).

(12) Seasonally adjusted estimates for taxable series 621 are obtained indirectly by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for taxable

 series 6211, 6212, 6213, 6214, 6215, and 6216, and the not seasonally adjusted estimates for taxable series 6219 (see Table 1c).

(13) Seasonally adjusted estimates for tax-exempt series 621 are obtained indirectly by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for 

tax-exempt series 6214 and 6216, and the not seasonally adjusted estimates for tax-exempt series 6219 (see Table 1c).

(14) Seasonally adjusted estimates for series 7113 are obtained indirectly by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for taxable 

series 7113 and the not seasonally adjusted estimates for tax-exempt series 7113 (see Table 1c).

(15) Excludes NAICS 8131 (Religious organizations), 81393 (Labor unions and similar labor organizations), 81394 (Political organizations), 

and 814 (Private households).

(6) Seasonally adjusted estimates for series 48-49 are obtained indirectly by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for series 481, 483, 

484, 485, 486, 487, 488, and 492, and the not seasonally adjusted estimates for series 493 (see Table 1c).

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 1b. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Expenses for Employer Firms, Seasonally Adjusted1

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023 

 (r)

2Q 

 2023 

 (r)

1Q 

 2023 

 (r)

4Q 

 2022 

 (r)

3Q 

 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023 

 (r)

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023 

 (r)

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (r)

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022 

 (r)

62 Health care and social assistance3.................................................................................. 826,233 811,109 800,848 785,508 757,696 748,883 1.9 1.3 2.0 3.7 9.0 8.3

Health care and social assistance - tax-exempt3.......................................................... 421,829 413,066 407,741 400,654 392,092 386,499 2.1 1.3 1.8 2.2 7.6 6.9

621 Ambulatory health care services3................................................................................. 329,954 325,029 320,648 314,989 298,474 295,979 1.5 1.4 1.8 5.5 10.5 9.8

Ambulatory health care services - taxable3............................................................ 295,855 291,425 287,462 282,052 265,613 263,658 1.5 1.4 1.9 6.2 11.4 10.5

Ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt3..................................................... 34,099 33,604 33,186 32,937 32,861 32,321 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.2 3.8 4.0

6211 Offices of physicians - taxable................................................................................156,686 155,940 155,053 151,153 140,467 141,129 0.5 0.6 2.6 7.6 11.5 10.5

6212 Offices of dentists - taxable.................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

6213 Offices of other health practitioners - taxable..................................................... 30,090 28,762 S S S S 4.6 S S S S S

6214 Outpatient care centers3.......................................................................................... 53,669 52,036 51,190 50,244 49,452 48,543 3.1 1.7 1.9 1.6 8.5 7.2

Outpatient care centers - taxable........................................................................30,800 29,536 29,132 28,160 27,342 26,756 4.3 1.4 3.5 3.0 12.6 10.4

Outpatient care centers - tax-exempt.................................................................22,869 22,500 22,058 22,084 22,110 21,787 1.6 2.0 -0.1 -0.1 3.4 3.3

6215 Medical and diagnostic laboratories - taxable..................................................... 14,622 14,408 14,578 14,753 14,540 14,340 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 1.5 0.6 0.5

6216 Home health care services3..................................................................................... 28,780 27,884 26,823 27,229 25,464 24,968 3.2 4.0 -1.5 6.9 13.0 11.7

Home health care services - taxable................................................................... S S S S S 18,885 S S S S S S

Home health care services - tax-exempt............................................................6,539 6,507 6,445 6,316 6,144 6,083 0.5 1.0 2.0 2.8 6.4 7.0

6219 Other ambulatory health care services3............................................................................................................... 12,449 12,132 11,867 11,373 11,259 10,934 2.6 2.2 4.3 1.0 10.6 11.0

Other ambulatory health care services - taxable.................................. 7,758 7,535 7,184 6,836 6,652 6,483 3.0 4.9 5.1 2.8 16.6 16.2

Other ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt.......................... 4,691 4,597 4,683 4,537 4,607 4,451 2.0 -1.8 3.2 -1.5 1.8 3.3

622 Hospitals.......................................................................................................................... 352,043 344,292 340,291 333,280 327,072 321,332 2.3 1.2 2.1 1.9 7.6 7.1

Hospitals - tax-exempt................................................................................................ 316,199 308,853 305,647 299,284 292,983 287,941 2.4 1.0 2.1 2.2 7.9 7.3

6221 General medical and surgical hospitals.................................................................328,679 321,043 317,519 311,408 305,331 299,986 2.4 1.1 2.0 2.0 7.6 7.0

General medical and surgical hospitals - tax-exempt..................... 300,714 293,511 290,775 284,642 278,835 274,004 2.5 0.9 2.2 2.1 7.8 7.1

6223 Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse)

 hospitals............................................................... 15,120 14,946 14,612 14,295 13,926 13,579 1.2 2.3 2.2 2.6 8.6 10.1

Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse)

 hospitals - tax-exempt...................................... 9,740 9,589 9,413 9,259 8,943 8,796 1.6 1.9 1.7 3.5 8.9 9.0

623 Nursing and residential care facilities3...................................................................... 76,841 74,904 74,621 72,745 70,201 69,890 2.6 0.4 2.6 3.6 9.5 7.2

Nursing and residential care facilities - taxable........................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

Nursing and residential care facilities - tax-exempt............................................... 25,499 25,263 24,647 24,555 23,744 23,920 0.9 2.5 0.4 3.4 7.4 5.6

624 Social assistance3............................................................................................................. 67,395 66,884 65,288 64,494 61,949 61,682 0.8 2.4 1.2 4.1 8.8 8.4

Social assistance - tax-exempt................................................................................... 46,032 45,346 44,261 43,878 42,504 42,317 1.5 2.5 0.9 3.2 8.3 7.2

6241 Individual and family services................................................................................. 37,299 36,955 35,762 36,134 34,694 34,089 0.9 3.3 -1.0 4.2 7.5 8.4

6242 Community food and housing, and emergency

 and other relief services.......................................... 11,298 11,590 11,257 10,862 10,088 10,074 -2.5 3.0 3.6 7.7 12.0 15.0

6243 Vocational rehabilitation services............................................................................................................... 4,049 3,936 3,942 3,689 3,866 3,824 2.9 -0.2 6.9 -4.6 4.7 2.9

6244 Child day care services3.............................................................................................14,749 14,403 14,327 13,809 13,301 13,695 2.4 0.5 3.8 3.8 10.9 5.2

Child day care services - taxable......................................................... 9,928 9,770 S S 8,754 8,467 1.6 S S S 13.4 15.4

Child day care services - tax-exempt..................................................................4,821 4,633 4,655 4,667 4,547 5,228 4.1 -0.5 -0.3 2.6 6.0 -11.4

71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation - tax-exempt....................................................... 14,562 14,293 14,053 13,598 13,351 12,964 1.9 1.7 3.3 1.9 9.1 10.3

7111 Performing arts companies - tax-exempt........................................................... 2,062 2,077 1,937 1,895 1,794 1,761 -0.7 7.2 2.2 5.6 14.9 17.9

712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions - tax-exempt......................... 4,605 4,345 4,360 4,339 4,204 4,118 6.0 -0.3 0.5 3.2 9.5 5.5

7139 Other amusement and recreation industries - tax-exempt.............. 5,885 5,742 5,609 5,465 5,451 5,323 2.5 2.4 2.6 0.3 8.0 7.9

813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations - taxexempt4....................................................... 91,809 85,069 87,262 86,127 81,969 78,703 7.9 -2.5 1.3 5.1 12.0 8.1

(p) Preliminary estimate. (r) Revised estimate.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Services Survey, March 13, 2024, Project No. P-7502871 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-001.

(1) The seasonal factors are based on a short time series that may not have stable seasonal patterns. As more estimates are added to the time series, large revisions in seasonal factors and consequently 

historical estimates may be observed. Data users should exercise caution when drawing inferences based on the seasonally adjusted estimates. Unless otherwise specified, seasonally adjusted estimates are 

obtained using a direct seasonal adjustment at the published NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) level.

(2) For a full description of the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) codes used in this table, see the 2012 NAICS manual or www.census.gov/naics/.

(3) Indicates seasonally adjusted estimates that are obtained by summing the seasonally adjusted estimates for the detailed NAICS that comprise the respective level.

(4) Excludes NAICS 8131 (Religious organizations), 81393 (Labor unions and similar labor organizations), and 81394 (Political organizations).

Note: Estimates cover taxable and tax-exempt firms unless otherwise specified. Additionally, estimates for some sectors and subsectors may include data for kinds of business not shown. Table 2b provides 

estimated measures of sampling variability. Data users who create their own estimates using data from this report should cite the U.S. Census Bureau as the source of the original data only. Additional 

information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected.html.

[Estimates are adjusted for seasonal variation but not for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

2012 

 NAICS 

 code2

Kind of business

Total expenses (millions of dollars) Percent change 

S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high variability (coefficient of variation greater than 30%), poor response quality 

(total quantity response rate is less than 50%) or other concerns about the estimate's quality. Unpublished estimates derived from this table by

subtraction are subject to these same limitations and should not be attributed to the U.S. Census Bureau. For a description of publication 

standards and the total quantity response rate, see www.census.gov/about/policies/quality/standards/standardf1.html. 

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 1c. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Revenue for Employer Firms, Not Seasonally Adjusted

[Estimates are not adjusted for seasonal variation or for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

2023 

 (p)

2022 2023 

 from 

 2022 

 (p)

Selected Services Total 2......................................................................................... 5,485,264 5,285,923 5,266,217 5,119,299 5,147,749 4,986,959 3.8 0.4 6.6 6.0 21,156,703 19,647,078 7.7

22 Utilities 3.................................................................................................................... 180,061 189,820 163,034 203,718 191,360 205,595 -5.1 16.4 -5.9 -7.7 736,633 755,516 -2.5

2211 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution.............................................................................. 134,149 160,019 130,950 138,248 136,192 167,065 -16.2 22.2 -1.5 -4.2 563,366 562,399 0.2

2212 Natural gas distribution................................................................................. 41,236 24,123 27,257 61,099 50,943 33,525 70.9 -11.5 -19.1 -28.0 153,715 175,334 -12.3

2213 Water, sewage and other systems..............................................................................4,676 5,678 4,827 4,371 4,225 5,005 -17.6 17.6 10.7 13.4 19,552 17,783 9.9

48-49 Transportation and warehousing 4.......................................................................... 345,344 343,411 346,505 328,560 356,282 370,742 0.6 -0.9 -3.1 -7.4 1,363,820 1,429,998 -4.6

481 Air transportation...................................................................................................... 69,413 70,081 71,583 58,216 66,860 70,553 -1.0 -2.1 3.8 -0.7 269,293 254,631 5.8

483 Water transportation............................................................................................... 14,839 17,170 14,985 13,436 13,773 15,366 -13.6 14.6 7.7 11.7 60,430 50,732 19.1

4831 Deep sea, coastal, and Great Lakes water transportation...................................................... 12,518 15,024 12,846 11,394 11,512 13,023 -16.7 17.0 8.7 15.4 51,782 42,146 22.9

4832 Inland water transportation................................................................................. 2,321 2,146 2,139 2,042 2,261 2,343 8.2 0.3 2.7 -8.4 8,648 8,586 0.7

484 Truck transportation................................................................................................. 100,373 102,249 104,331 100,130 106,896 115,028 -1.8 -2.0 -6.1 -11.1 407,083 445,509 -8.6

4841 General freight trucking.................................................................................. 68,605 67,314 69,138 68,882 73,048 79,004 1.9 -2.6 -6.1 -14.8 273,939 311,154 -12.0

48412 General freight trucking, long-distance............................................. 56,060 54,971 56,649 56,934 58,827 64,231 2.0 -3.0 -4.7 -14.4 224,614 251,893 -10.8

4842 Specialized freight trucking............................................................................ 31,768 34,935 35,193 31,248 33,848 36,024 -9.1 -0.7 -6.1 -3.0 133,144 134,355 -0.9

485 Transit and ground passenger transportation.............................................................................. 20,230 17,638 17,406 17,417 17,977 15,099 14.7 1.3 12.5 16.8 72,691 61,192 18.8

486 Pipeline transportation.......................................................................................... 17,964 16,540 17,260 18,095 17,728 17,244 8.6 -4.2 1.3 -4.1 69,859 68,450 2.1

487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation........................................................................... 925 1,845 1,268 784 803 1,781 -49.9 45.5 15.2 3.6 4,822 4,474 7.8

488 Support activities for transportation.............................................................................. 70,818 71,268 72,648 73,136 80,324 87,208 -0.6 -1.9 -11.8 -18.3 287,870 346,520 -16.9

492 Couriers and messengers...................................................................................... 36,493 32,894 33,090 34,008 37,909 34,294 10.9 -0.6 -3.7 -4.1 136,485 143,781 -5.1

493 Warehousing and storage..................................................................................... 14,289 13,726 13,934 13,338 14,012 14,169 4.1 -1.5 2.0 -3.1 55,287 54,709 1.1

51 Information.................................................................................................................. 597,913 561,693 556,259 546,680 572,412 541,274 6.4 1.0 4.5 3.8 2,262,545 2,186,845 3.5

511 Publishing industries (except Internet)..................................................................................................................... 154,545 145,581 143,730 140,872 143,260 133,509 6.2 1.3 7.9 9.0 584,728 541,742 7.9

5111 Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers........................... 23,287 22,551 22,538 20,733 23,063 22,417 3.3 0.1 1.0 0.6 89,109 88,193 1.0

51111 Newspaper publishers............................................................................................................ 6,122 5,540 5,667 5,563 6,202 5,676 10.5 -2.2 -1.3 -2.4 22,892 23,195 -1.3

51112 Periodical publishers............................................................................................................ 7,393 6,713 7,405 6,832 7,266 6,461 10.1 -9.3 1.7 3.9 28,343 27,592 2.7

5111 pt Book, directory and mailing list, and other publishers 5......................................................................................................... 9,772 10,298 9,466 8,338 9,595 10,280 -5.1 8.8 1.8 0.2 37,874 37,406 1.3

5112 Software publishers............................................................................................................... 131,258 123,030 121,192 120,139 120,197 111,092 6.7 1.5 9.2 10.7 495,619 453,549 9.3

512 Motion picture and sound recording industries..................................................................................................................... 34,906 34,427 35,006 31,924 35,498 33,838 1.4 -1.7 -1.7 1.7 136,263 133,855 1.8

515 Broadcasting (except Internet)............................................................................ 48,321 43,672 44,739 45,759 51,272 44,925 10.6 -2.4 -5.8 -2.8 182,491 189,942 -3.9

5151 Radio and television broadcasting..............................................................................25,320 22,450 22,510 23,315 27,008 23,304 12.8 -0.3 -6.3 -3.7 93,595 97,525 -4.0

5152 Cable and other subscription programming............................................................23,001 21,222 22,229 22,444 24,264 21,621 8.4 -4.5 -5.2 -1.8 88,896 92,417 -3.8

517 Telecommunications..................................................................................................................... 168,705 163,812 161,756 163,339 168,302 165,955 3.0 1.3 0.2 -1.3 657,612 666,715 -1.4

5171 Wired telecommunications carriers...........................................................................74,573 74,897 75,263 75,858 76,938 77,110 -0.4 -0.5 -3.1 -2.9 300,591 309,311 -2.8

5172 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite).............................. 81,127 76,281 73,864 75,197 78,781 76,795 6.4 3.3 3.0 -0.7 306,469 308,153 -0.5

517 pt Other telecommunications 6................................................................................. 13,005 12,634 12,629 12,284 12,583 12,050 2.9 Z 3.4 4.8 50,552 49,251 2.6

518 Data processing, hosting, and related services..................................................................................................................... 88,160 82,645 80,378 78,450 80,711 77,872 6.7 2.8 9.2 6.1 329,633 308,328 6.9

519 Other information services.................................................................................... 103,276 91,556 90,650 86,336 93,369 85,175 12.8 1.0 10.6 7.5 371,818 346,263 7.4

52 Finance and insurance 7........................................................................................... 1,628,487 1,604,581 1,590,778 1,545,475 1,483,149 1,428,881 1.5 0.9 9.8 12.3 6,369,321 5,646,953 12.8

52 pt Finance and insurance (except monetary 

 authorities-central bank) 8............................................... 1,585,559 1,560,479 1,542,369 1,505,036 1,441,207 1,382,370 1.6 1.2 10.0 12.9 6,193,443 5,476,601 13.1

521 Monetary authorities-central bank.................................................................... 42,928 44,102 48,409 40,439 41,942 46,511 -2.7 -8.9 2.4 -5.2 175,878 170,352 3.2

522 Credit intermediation and related activities..................................................................505,810 506,003 495,383 470,194 447,876 400,978 Z 2.1 12.9 26.2 1,977,390 1,572,888 25.7

5221 Depository credit intermediation................................................................ 222,277 225,480 219,451 210,679 203,968 183,129 -1.4 2.7 9.0 23.1 877,887 709,896 23.7

5222 Nondepository credit intermediation........................................................ 239,375 236,448 233,302 219,975 204,813 179,010 1.2 1.3 16.9 32.1 929,100 710,706 30.7

5223 Activities related to credit intermediation................................................ 44,158 44,075 42,630 39,540 39,095 38,839 0.2 3.4 13.0 13.5 170,403 152,286 11.9

523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial

 investments and related activities..................................... 218,368 213,212 210,925 206,775 199,919 193,954 2.4 1.1 9.2 9.9 849,280 791,678 7.3

5231 Securities and commodity contracts

 intermediation and brokerage..................................... 87,552 84,087 83,664 85,474 80,326 77,679 4.1 0.5 9.0 8.2 340,777 315,918 7.9

5232 Securities and commodity exchanges....................................................... 4,395 4,087 4,087 4,344 4,050 4,042 7.5 Z 8.5 1.1 16,913 16,421 3.0

5239 Other financial investment activities................................................................................. 126,421 125,038 123,174 116,957 115,543 112,233 1.1 1.5 9.4 11.4 491,590 459,339 7.0

524 Insurance carriers and related activities.......................................................... 861,381 841,264 836,061 828,067 793,412 787,438 2.4 0.6 8.6 6.8 3,366,773 3,112,035 8.2

5241 Insurance carriers.............................................................................................. 734,657 716,808 711,322 705,849 678,004 673,589 2.5 0.8 8.4 6.4 2,868,636 2,662,667 7.7

5242 Agencies, brokerages, and other 

 insurance related activities.......................................... 126,724 124,456 124,739 122,218 115,408 113,849 1.8 -0.2 9.8 9.3 498,137 449,368 10.9

53 Real estate and rental and leasing.......................................................................... 252,773 252,245 250,143 229,614 234,426 243,519 0.2 0.8 7.8 3.6 984,775 935,393 5.3

531 Real estate.................................................................................................................. 180,424 178,209 178,486 162,556 165,676 173,685 1.2 -0.2 8.9 2.6 699,675 665,943 5.1

5311 Lessors of real estate...................................................................................... 99,256 95,362 95,135 90,198 88,240 86,868 4.1 0.2 12.5 9.8 379,951 338,621 12.2

5312 Offices of real estate agents and brokers.................................................. 41,963 44,492 45,171 36,711 41,456 50,464 -5.7 -1.5 1.2 -11.8 168,337 185,487 -9.2

5313 Activities related to real estate................................................................... 39,205 38,355 38,180 35,647 35,980 36,353 2.2 0.5 9.0 5.5 151,387 141,835 6.7

532 Rental and leasing services................................................................................. 57,008 58,357 56,302 52,193 53,923 54,814 -2.3 3.6 5.7 6.5 223,860 210,584 6.3

5321 Automotive equipment rental and leasing................................................... 23,098 24,523 23,199 21,222 22,151 23,312 -5.8 5.7 4.3 5.2 92,042 87,740 4.9

53211 Passenger car rental and leasing........................................................ 15,030 16,079 14,896 13,506 14,056 14,879 -6.5 7.9 6.9 8.1 59,511 S S

53212 Truck, utility trailer, and RV (recreational

 vehicle) rental and leasing..................................... 8,068 8,444 8,303 7,716 8,095 8,433 -4.5 1.7 -0.3 0.1 32,531 32,211 1.0

5322 Consumer goods rental................................................................................... 6,265 6,554 6,805 6,018 6,162 6,564 -4.4 -3.7 1.7 -0.2 25,642 25,455 0.7

5323 General rental centers.................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S

5324 Commercial and industrial machinery and

 equipment rental and leasing..................................... 26,623 26,161 25,136 24,067 24,583 23,880 1.8 4.1 8.3 9.6 101,987 93,386 9.2

533 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets 

 (except copyrighted works).................................................... 15,341 15,679 15,355 14,865 14,827 15,020 -2.2 2.1 3.5 4.4 61,240 58,866 4.0

2012 

 NAICS 

 code1

Kind of business

Total revenue (millions of dollars) Percent change Year to date 

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 1c. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Revenue for Employer Firms, Not Seasonally Adjusted

[Estimates are not adjusted for seasonal variation or for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

2023 

 (p)

2022 2023 

 from 

 2022 

 (p)

2012 

 NAICS 

 code1

Kind of business

Total revenue (millions of dollars) Percent change Year to date 

54 Professional, scientific, and technical services 9..................................................................................................................... 718,295 682,340 689,790 674,041 684,282 656,566 5.3 -1.1 5.0 3.9 2,764,466 2,610,968 5.9

5411 Legal services 9..................................................................................................................... 106,917 91,535 91,570 84,413 100,178 91,446 16.8 Z 6.7 0.1 374,435 363,305 3.1

5412 Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, 

 and payroll services............................................. 48,450 48,504 53,729 62,673 46,457 45,712 -0.1 -9.7 4.3 6.1 213,356 198,869 7.3

5413 Architectural, engineering, and related services..................................................................................................................... 112,410 109,627 108,639 104,922 106,335 104,420 2.5 0.9 5.7 5.0 435,598 407,605 6.9

5413 pt Architectural and related services 10..................................................................................................................... 27,674 25,875 27,767 25,431 25,190 26,756 7.0 -6.8 9.9 -3.3 106,747 102,372 4.3

54133 Engineering services.................................................................................................................. 84,736 83,752 80,872 79,491 81,145 77,664 1.2 3.6 4.4 7.8 328,851 305,233 7.7

5414 Specialized design services........................................................................... 10,003 9,821 10,164 10,292 10,072 10,109 1.9 -3.4 -0.7 -2.8 40,280 38,182 5.5

5415 Computer systems design and related services.................................................................................................................. 173,000 164,841 170,805 170,506 168,029 164,957 4.9 -3.5 3.0 -0.1 679,152 648,805 4.7

5416 Management, scientific, and technical 

 consulting services................................................ 100,954 99,826 98,562 94,691 98,053 92,629 1.1 1.3 3.0 7.8 394,033 373,612 5.5

5417 Scientific research and development services..................................................................................................................... 79,447 76,329 75,542 71,060 73,112 72,283 4.1 1.0 8.7 5.6 302,378 277,774 8.9

5418 Advertising, public relations, and related services............................................................................................................... 52,485 46,423 45,473 41,746 47,379 42,477 13.1 2.1 10.8 9.3 186,127 170,959 8.9

5419 Other professional, scientific, and technical services......................................................S 35,434 S 33,738 S 32,533 S S S 8.9 S S S

56 Administrative and support and waste 

 management and remediation services............................................ 335,595 336,410 341,378 329,973 331,891 336,863 -0.2 -1.5 1.1 -0.1 1,343,356 1,327,554 1.2

561 Administrative and support services.................................................................................................................. 298,800 299,266 304,644 294,917 297,150 301,358 -0.2 -1.8 0.6 -0.7 1,197,627 1,190,880 0.6

5613 Employment services.................................................................................................................. 123,525 119,478 123,756 128,762 131,392 130,636 3.4 -3.5 -6.0 -8.5 495,521 537,206 -7.8

5615 Travel arrangement and reservation services..................................................................................................................... 19,986 24,129 22,388 18,653 18,239 21,686 -17.2 7.8 9.6 11.3 85,156 71,854 18.5

561 pt Other administrative and support services 11..................................................................................................................... 155,289 155,659 158,500 147,502 147,519 149,036 -0.2 -1.8 5.3 4.4 616,950 581,820 6.0

562 Waste management and remediation services..................................................................................................................... 36,795 37,144 36,734 35,056 34,741 35,505 -0.9 1.1 5.9 4.6 145,729 136,674 6.6

61 Educational services 12.....................................................................................................................25,809 26,196 25,940 24,155 23,778 23,895 -1.5 1.0 8.5 9.6 102,100 91,629 11.4

6114 Business schools and computer and management training..................................................................................................................... 4,696 4,351 4,089 3,784 4,285 4,181 7.9 6.4 9.6 4.1 16,920 15,481 9.3

6115 Technical and trade schools.................................................................................................................. 4,165 4,188 4,320 4,088 4,083 3,963 -0.5 -3.1 2.0 5.7 16,761 15,578 7.6

6116 Other schools and instruction...................................................................... 9,551 10,051 9,842 9,546 8,723 9,173 -5.0 2.1 9.5 9.6 38,990 34,187 14.0

6117 Educational support services..................................................................................................................... 7,397 7,606 7,689 6,737 6,687 6,578 -2.7 -1.1 10.6 15.6 29,429 26,383 11.5

62 Health care and social assistance..................................................................................................................... 960,612 896,959 901,600 872,200 868,521 816,341 7.1 -0.5 10.6 9.9 3,631,371 3,263,306 11.3

Health care and social assistance - taxable........................................................ 472,915 450,769 446,427 433,372 423,716 408,756 4.9 1.0 11.6 10.3 1,803,483 1,624,432 11.0

Health care and social assistance - tax-exempt................................................. 487,697 446,190 455,173 438,828 444,805 407,585 9.3 -2.0 9.6 9.5 1,827,888 1,638,874 11.5

621 Ambulatory health care services.................................................................................................................. 386,560 368,323 364,884 354,159 347,808 335,043 5.0 0.9 11.1 9.9 1,473,926 1,334,439 10.5

 Ambulatory health care services - taxable................................................... 348,426 332,458 328,487 318,567 311,754 300,732 4.8 1.2 11.8 10.5 1,327,938 1,196,882 10.9

 Ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt........................................... 38,134 35,865 36,397 35,592 36,054 34,311 6.3 -1.5 5.8 4.5 145,988 137,557 6.1

6211 Offices of physicians - taxable.............................................................................................................................. 175,634 166,911 166,212 158,595 157,732 152,229 5.2 0.4 11.3 9.6 667,352 600,924 11.1

6212 Offices of dentists - taxable....................................................................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S

6213 Offices of other health practitioners - taxable.............................................................................................................................. 38,561 36,111 35,405 34,326 31,877 29,877 6.8 2.0 21.0 20.9 144,403 122,632 17.8

6214 Outpatient care centers.............................................................................................................................. 63,635 58,521 58,440 57,001 57,833 54,414 8.7 0.1 10.0 7.5 237,597 217,722 9.1

 Outpatient care centers - taxable........................................................... 37,477 34,308 33,845 32,756 33,130 31,065 9.2 1.4 13.1 10.4 138,386 123,754 11.8

 Outpatient care centers - tax-exempt.................................................... 26,158 24,213 24,595 24,245 24,703 23,349 8.0 -1.6 5.9 3.7 99,211 93,968 5.6

6215 Medical and diagnostic laboratories - taxable................................................................................................................................. 17,981 17,558 17,708 17,760 17,718 17,603 2.4 -0.8 1.5 -0.3 71,007 70,820 0.3

6216 Home health care services.................................................................................................................................... 33,983 32,388 30,841 30,933 29,424 28,203 4.9 5.0 15.5 14.8 128,145 113,264 13.1

 Home health care services - taxable..................................................... S 25,657 24,076 S 22,956 21,956 S 6.6 S 16.9 S S S

 Home health care services - tax-exempt.............................................. 6,970 6,731 6,765 6,527 6,468 6,247 3.6 -0.5 7.8 7.7 26,993 25,067 7.7

6219 Other ambulatory health care services............................................................................................................... 14,828 14,683 14,242 13,362 13,635 12,988 1.0 3.1 8.7 13.1 57,115 51,171 11.6

 Other ambulatory health care services - taxable.................................. 9,822 9,762 9,205 8,542 8,752 8,273 0.6 6.1 12.2 18.0 37,331 32,649 14.3

 Other ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt.......................... 5,006 4,921 5,037 4,820 4,883 4,715 1.7 -2.3 2.5 4.4 19,784 18,522 6.8

622 Hospitals............................................................................................................................................. 409,074 376,054 382,563 370,129 371,551 341,019 8.8 -1.7 10.1 10.3 1,537,820 1,369,548 12.3

 Hospitals - taxable............................................................................................... 43,242 41,443 41,043 40,584 40,166 38,084 4.3 1.0 7.7 8.8 166,312 154,725 7.5

 Hospitals - tax-exempt........................................................................................ 365,832 334,611 341,520 329,545 331,385 302,935 9.3 -2.0 10.4 10.5 1,371,508 1,214,823 12.9

6221 General medical and surgical hospitals..................................................... 383,565 351,549 357,833 345,993 348,147 318,903 9.1 -1.8 10.2 10.2 1,438,940 1,280,863 12.3

 General medical and surgical hospitals - taxable.................................. 34,418 32,918 32,535 32,228 32,117 30,399 4.6 1.2 7.2 8.3 132,099 123,625 6.9

 General medical and surgical hospitals - tax-exempt.......................... 349,147 318,631 325,298 313,765 316,030 288,504 9.6 -2.0 10.5 10.4 1,306,841 1,157,238 12.9

6222 Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals................................................... 8,478 7,999 8,205 8,032 8,006 7,390 6.0 -2.5 5.9 8.2 32,714 30,326 7.9

 Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals - taxable............................. 2,866 2,765 2,725 2,673 2,620 2,503 3.7 1.5 9.4 10.5 11,029 9,981 10.5

 Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals - tax-exempt...................... 5,612 5,234 5,480 5,359 5,386 4,887 7.2 -4.5 4.2 7.1 21,685 20,345 6.6

6223 Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) 

 hospitals............................................................... 17,031 16,506 16,525 16,104 15,398 14,726 3.2 -0.1 10.6 12.1 66,166 58,359 13.4

 Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) 

 hospitals - taxable............................................. 5,958 5,760 5,783 5,683 5,429 5,182 3.4 -0.4 9.7 11.2 23,184 21,119 9.8

 Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) 

 hospitals - tax-exempt...................................... 11,073 10,746 10,742 10,421 9,969 9,544 3.0 Z 11.1 12.6 42,982 37,240 15.4

623 Nursing and residential care facilities................................................................................................................................. 84,001 79,710 79,679 76,847 75,061 72,480 5.4 Z 11.9 10.0 320,237 286,027 12.0

 Nursing and residential care facilities - taxable........................................... S S S S 50,092 S S S S S S S S

 Nursing and residential care facilities - tax-exempt.................................... 27,246 26,281 26,111 25,422 24,969 24,151 3.7 0.7 9.1 8.8 105,060 95,794 9.7

624 Social assistance........................................................................................................................... 80,977 72,872 74,474 71,065 74,101 67,799 11.1 -2.2 9.3 7.5 299,388 273,292 9.5

 Social assistance - taxable................................................................................ 24,492 S S S S 21,611 S S S S S S S

 Social assistance - tax-exempt.......................................................................... 56,485 49,433 51,145 48,269 52,397 46,188 14.3 -3.3 7.8 7.0 205,332 190,700 7.7

6241 Individual and family services.................................................................................................................. 44,804 40,426 41,275 39,252 40,215 37,283 10.8 -2.1 11.4 8.4 165,757 149,443 10.9

6242 Community food and housing, and emergency

 and other relief services......................................... 16,042 13,061 12,978 12,168 15,138 11,552 22.8 0.6 6.0 13.1 54,249 50,684 7.0

6243 Vocational rehabilitation services............................................................................................................... 4,538 4,359 4,524 4,127 4,339 4,121 4.1 -3.6 4.6 5.8 17,548 16,284 7.8

6244 Child day care services............................................................................................................... 15,593 15,026 15,697 15,518 14,409 14,843 3.8 -4.3 8.2 1.2 61,834 56,881 8.7

Child day care services - taxable.................................................................. 10,171 S S S 9,208 9,495 S S 10.5 S S 36,299 S

Child day care services - tax-exempt.......................................................... 5,422 4,661 5,034 5,430 5,201 5,348 16.3 -7.4 4.2 -12.8 20,547 20,582 -0.2

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 1c. Selected Services - Estimated Quarterly Revenue for Employer Firms, Not Seasonally Adjusted

[Estimates are not adjusted for seasonal variation or for price changes and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey. For additional information see www.census.gov/services]

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

2023 

 (p)

2022 2023 

 from 

 2022 

 (p)

2012 

 NAICS 

 code1

Kind of business

Total revenue (millions of dollars) Percent change Year to date 

71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................................................................ 101,235 102,498 95,557 87,622 97,163 94,691 -1.2 7.3 4.2 8.2 386,912 350,099 10.5

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation - taxable.................................................... 82,959 85,590 78,550 72,719 80,705 79,504 -3.1 9.0 2.8 7.7 319,818 291,665 9.7

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation - tax-exempt............................................. 18,276 16,908 17,007 14,903 16,458 15,187 8.1 -0.6 11.0 11.3 67,094 58,434 14.8

711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries............................................................ 45,491 45,267 39,842 37,456 45,998 43,098 0.5 13.6 -1.1 5.0 168,056 155,457 8.1

Performing arts, spectator sports, and

 related industries - taxable..................................... 40,862 40,469 35,408 33,263 41,744 38,864 1.0 14.3 -2.1 4.1 150,002 140,294 6.9

Performing arts, spectator sports, and

 related industries - tax-exempt............................. 4,629 4,798 4,434 4,193 4,254 4,234 -3.5 8.2 8.8 13.3 18,054 15,163 19.1

7111 Performing arts companies........................................................................... 4,925 5,493 4,797 4,173 4,772 4,862 -10.3 14.5 3.2 13.0 19,388 16,234 19.4

 Performing arts companies - taxable..................................................... 2,516 3,174 2,716 2,345 2,758 2,877 -20.7 16.9 -8.8 10.3 10,751 9,104 18.1

 Performing arts companies - tax-exempt.............................................. 2,409 2,319 2,081 1,828 2,014 1,985 3.9 11.4 19.6 16.8 8,637 7,130 21.1

7112 Spectator sports - taxable.............................................................................. 16,548 15,139 14,885 12,850 17,070 14,135 9.3 1.7 -3.1 7.1 59,422 54,700 8.6

7113 Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events................................................................ 13,794 15,716 10,434 9,666 11,614 13,051 -12.2 50.6 18.8 20.4 49,610 41,634 19.2

Promoters of performing arts, sports, and 

similar events - taxable........................................... 11,574 13,237 8,081 7,301 9,374 10,802 -12.6 63.8 23.5 22.5 40,193 33,601 19.6

Promoters of performing arts, sports, and 

similar events - tax-exempt................................... 2,220 2,479 2,353 2,365 2,240 2,249 -10.4 5.4 -0.9 10.2 9,417 8,033 17.2

7114 Agents and managers for artists, athletes, 

 entertainers, and other public figures - taxable................... 3,270 2,928 2,947 2,854 3,156 2,978 11.7 -0.6 3.6 -1.7 11,999 11,134 7.8

7115 Independent artists, writers, and performers - taxable.............................................................. 6,954 5,991 6,779 7,913 9,386 8,072 16.1 -11.6 -25.9 -25.8 27,637 S S

712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions........................................................................... 7,955 6,025 6,292 5,504 6,940 5,467 32.0 -4.2 14.6 10.2 25,776 22,099 16.6

 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions - tax-exempt...... 7,219 5,123 5,556 4,970 6,287 4,643 40.9 -7.8 14.8 10.3 22,868 19,369 18.1

713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries...................................... 47,789 51,206 49,423 44,662 44,225 46,126 -6.7 3.6 8.1 11.0 193,080 172,543 11.9

 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries - taxable............... 41,361 44,219 42,406 38,922 38,308 39,816 -6.5 4.3 8.0 11.1 166,908 148,641 12.3

 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries - tax-exempt........ 6,428 6,987 7,017 5,740 5,917 6,310 -8.0 -0.4 8.6 10.7 26,172 23,902 9.5

7131 Amusement parks and arcades - taxable.....................................................................8,179 9,362 8,555 6,468 7,898 9,083 -12.6 9.4 3.6 3.1 32,564 31,073 4.8

7132 Gambling industries - taxable............................................................................ 10,073 10,188 9,844 10,120 9,853 8,876 -1.1 3.5 2.2 14.8 40,225 35,400 13.6

7139 Other amusement and recreation industries........................................ 29,537 31,656 31,024 28,074 26,474 28,167 -6.7 2.0 11.6 12.4 120,291 106,070 13.4

Other amusement and recreation industries - taxable..................... S 24,669 S 22,334 20,557 21,857 S S S 12.9 S 82,168 S

Other amusement and recreation industries - tax-exempt.............. 6,428 6,987 7,017 5,740 5,917 6,310 -8.0 -0.4 8.6 10.7 26,172 23,902 9.5

721 Accommodation................................................................................................................................................................ 81,779 91,735 87,056 75,820 78,116 85,866 -10.9 5.4 4.7 6.8 336,390 309,025 8.9

7211 Traveler accommodation........................................................................................79,216 87,839 83,488 73,212 75,697 82,243 -9.8 5.2 4.6 6.8 323,755 297,592 8.8

7212 RV (recreational vehicle) parks and recreational camps.................................................................................................................. 1,762 3,076 2,862 1,874 1,644 2,847 -42.7 7.5 7.2 8.0 9,574 8,599 11.3

7213 Rooming and boarding houses................................................................................................................................... 801 820 706 734 775 776 -2.3 16.1 3.4 5.7 3,061 2,834 8.0

81 Other services (except public administration) 13.................................................... 257,361 198,035 218,177 201,441 226,369 182,726 30.0 -9.2 13.7 8.4 875,014 739,792 18.3

811 Repair and maintenance........................................................................................ 63,872 64,528 66,410 63,503 61,446 62,575 -1.0 -2.8 3.9 3.1 258,313 243,385 6.1

8111 Automotive repair and maintenance........................................................ 41,777 42,434 42,975 42,596 40,006 41,129 -1.5 -1.3 4.4 3.2 169,782 160,618 5.7

8112 Electronic and precision equipment repair 

 and maintenance................................................... 4,995 4,997 5,127 4,792 4,643 4,835 Z -2.5 7.6 3.4 19,911 18,637 6.8

8113 Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment

 (except automotive and electronic) repair and 

 maintenance............................................................. 13,280 13,241 14,463 13,084 13,382 13,407 0.3 -8.4 -0.8 -1.2 54,068 51,656 4.7

8114 Personal and household goods repair and maintenance............................................................ S S S S S S S S S S S S S

812 Personal and laundry services.............................................................................. S S S S S S S S S S S S S

8121 Personal care services..................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S

8122 Death care services........................................................................................... 5,718 5,493 5,549 5,808 5,493 5,711 4.1 -1.0 4.1 -3.8 22,568 22,619 -0.2

8123 Drycleaning and laundry services..................................................................... 8,788 8,319 8,411 8,112 8,186 7,761 5.6 -1.1 7.4 7.2 33,630 30,915 8.8

8129 Other personal services.......................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S

813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and 

 similar organizations - tax-exempt 14 147,870 89,421 107,263 96,710 124,100 81,179 65.4 -16.6 19.2 10.2 441,264 343,196 28.6

(p) Preliminary estimate. Z Absolute value is less than .05.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Services Survey, March 13, 2024, Project No. P-7502871 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-001.

(13) Excludes NAICS 8131 (Religious organizations), 81393 (Labor unions and similar labor organizations), 81394 (Political organizations), and 814 (Private households).

(14) Excludes NAICS 8131 (Religious organizations), 81393 (Labor unions and similar labor organizations), and 81394 (Political organizations).

Note: Estimates cover taxable and tax-exempt firms unless otherwise specified. Additionally, estimates for some sectors and subsectors may include data for kinds of business not shown. Table 2a provides estimated measures of sampling variability. Data users who create 

their own estimates using data from this report should cite the U.S. Census Bureau as the source of the original data only. Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at 

www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected.html. For NAICS 52, estimates may include unrealized gains (losses). 

(7) Excludes NAICS 525 (Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles).

(8) Excludes NAICS 521 (Monetary authorities-central bank) and NAICS 525 (Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles).

(9) Excludes NAICS 54112 (Offices of notaries).

(10) Includes all of NAICS 5413 (Architectural, engineering, and related services) except 54133 (Engineering services).

(11) Includes NAICS 5611 (Office administrative services), 5612 (Facilities support services), 5614 (Business support services), 5616 (Investigation and security services),

5617 (Services to buildings and dwellings), and 5619 (Other support services).

(12) Excludes NAICS 6111 (Elementary and secondary schools), 6112 (Junior colleges), and 6113 (Colleges, universities, and professional schools).

(1) For a full description of the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) codes used in this table, see the 2012 NAICS manual or www.census.gov/naics/.

(2) Includes NAICS 22 (Utilities), NAICS 48-49 (Transportation and warehousing), NAICS 51 (Information), NAICS 52 (Finance and insurance), 

NAICS 53 (Real estate and rental and leasing), NAICS 54 (Selected professional, scientific, and technical services), 

NAICS 56 (Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services), NAICS 61 (Educational services), 

NAICS 62 (Health care and social assistance), NAICS 71 (Arts, entertainment, and recreation), NAICS 721 (Accommodation), 

and NAICS 81 (Other services (except public administration)). Exclusions listed in footnotes 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, and 13 also apply to the Selected Services Total.

(3) Excludes government owned utilities.

(4) Excludes NAICS 482 (Rail transportation) and 491 (Postal service).

(5) Includes NAICS 51113 (Book publishers), 51114 (Directory and mailing list publishers), and 51119 (Other publishers).

(6) Includes NAICS 5174 (Satellite telecommunications) and 5179 (Other telecommunications).

S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high variability (coefficient of variation greater than 30%), poor response quality (total quantity response 

rate is less than 50%) or other concerns about the estimate's quality. Unpublished estimates derived from this table by subtraction are subject to these same 

limitations and should not be attributed to the U.S. Census Bureau. For a description of publication standards and the total quantity response rate, see 

www.census.gov/about/policies/quality/standards/standardf1.html. 

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 2a. Selected Services - Estimated Measures of Sampling Variability for Revenue

[Estimates are shown as percents and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey]

Standard 

error 

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

2023 

 (p)

2022 2023 

 from 

 2022 

 (p)

Selected Services Total............................................................................................ 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.3

22 Utilities...................................................................................................................... 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.1 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.9 2.4 2.4 0.5

2211 Electric power generation, transmission and distribution........................................................................... 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.5 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.0 2.9 2.8 0.6

2212 Natural gas distribution................................................................................. 6.7 8.2 6.3 5.1 4.5 8.0 4.0 2.3 0.7 2.5 2.2 2.4 6.1 5.5 1.7

2213 Water, sewage and other systems........................................................................... 6.0 7.6 5.7 6.8 5.5 6.5 2.6 4.4 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.7 6.4 5.8 1.4

48-49 Transportation and warehousing............................................................................ 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.7 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.6 0.5

481 Air transportation...................................................................................................... 10.0 7.6 7.5 5.0 8.1 9.1 2.1 0.4 3.6 2.5 2.3 2.0 7.6 8.3 1.9

483 Water transportation............................................................................................... 7.3 6.4 7.2 7.6 9.5 8.8 0.8 1.7 1.4 2.7 2.9 2.7 7.0 10.7 3.5

4831 Deep sea, coastal, and Great Lakes water transportation...................................................... 8.4 7.1 8.3 9.1 11.3 10.2 1.2 2.0 1.7 3.2 3.5 3.4 8.1 12.7 4.3

4832 Inland water transportation................................................................................. 4.8 5.0 4.8 5.2 4.7 5.4 1.5 1.2 X X 0.6 1.2 4.9 4.8 0.4

484 Truck transportation................................................................................................ 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.3 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.4 3.2 2.3 1.2

4841 General freight trucking.................................................................................. 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.3 3.2 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.7 4.0 3.2 1.2

48412 General freight trucking, long-distance............................................. 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.0 4.4 5.0 0.6 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.8 2.4 5.2 4.7 1.6

4842 Specialized freight trucking........................................................................... 2.9 3.2 3.6 2.7 2.3 2.5 1.4 1.5 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.9 2.7 1.5

485 Transit and ground passenger transportation...........................................................................4.0 4.0 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.3 1.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 2.0 1.7 3.8 4.4 1.5

486 Pipeline transportation.......................................................................................... 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.4 0.9 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.3 1.7 1.5 0.4

487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation........................................................................... 11.9 8.1 8.3 14.3 7.7 9.0 4.0 8.2 15.1 10.6 6.6 4.4 8.5 8.3 2.8

488 Support activities for transportation........................................................................... 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.9 4.2 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.5 3.8 4.4 1.3

492 Couriers and messengers...................................................................................... 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.1 3.9 4.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.8 2.3 1.8 6.2 4.9 1.3

493 Warehousing and storage..................................................................................... 6.1 6.4 5.9 6.9 6.8 7.8 1.3 0.9 X X 1.5 1.7 6.3 7.3 1.4

51 Information ..................................................................................................................... 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 2.1 2.0 0.3

511 Publishing industries (except Internet) ..................................................................................................................... 4.0 4.3 4.2 3.8 4.4 4.0 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.4 4.1 4.1 1.6

5111 Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers.......................... 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.8 3.6 3.5 1.6 0.6 0.9 0.6 1.3 0.5 4.1 3.5 0.6

51111 Newspaper publishers............................................................................................................ 9.1 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.0 4.3 0.7 0.6 0.9 4.1 1.4 6.2 5.0 1.8

51112 Periodical publishers............................................................................................................ 8.5 7.3 8.5 6.8 6.2 6.3 1.3 2.4 2.3 1.1 2.7 2.6 7.7 6.3 2.1

5111 pt Book, directory and mailing list, and other publishers......................................................................................................... 5.3 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.6 5.1 1.7 0.9 1.2 1.4 0.7 0.6 5.0 5.1 0.4

5112 Software publishers............................................................................................................... 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.0 4.8 4.3 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.6 1.7 4.4 4.5 2.0

512 Motion picture and sound recording industries..................................................................................................................... 2.6 3.1 3.4 4.0 2.8 2.3 1.4 0.7 2.5 1.4 1.9 2.0 3.0 2.3 1.4

515 Broadcasting (except Internet)............................................................................ 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.6

5151 Radio and television broadcasting..............................................................................2.1 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.8 2.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 2.2 2.1 0.4

5152 Cable and other subscription programming......................................................... 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.8 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.1

517 Telecommunications.................................................................................................................. 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 0.1 0.4 X X 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.4 0.2

5171 Wired telecommunications carriers...........................................................................2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.4 2.1 1.9 0.4

5172 Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite).............................. 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.0 2.4 2.3 0.6

517 pt Other telecommunications.................................................................................... 4.4 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.3 1.3 0.4 X X 1.5 0.8 4.7 4.4 0.8

518 Data processing, hosting, and related services..................................................................................................................... 5.3 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.7 1.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.1 5.0 4.7 0.8

519 Other information services.................................................................................... 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.9 6.4 6.7 0.7 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.0 6.5 6.4 0.5

52 Finance and insurance............................................................................................. 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.8 0.5 0.5 X X 0.6 0.7 1.9 1.7 0.9

52 pt Finance and insurance (except monetary 

 authorities-central bank)........................................................ 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.8 0.6 0.5 X X 0.6 0.8 1.9 1.8 1.0

521 Monetary authorities-central bank.................................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

522 Credit intermediation and related activities.................................................................. 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.2 2.9 1.1 0.6 0.6 1.6 2.4 3.1 4.0 2.9 3.4

5221 Depository credit intermediation................................................................ 6.3 5.6 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.5 2.0 1.3 0.9 0.5 3.0 2.2 5.4 4.6 2.2

5222 Nondepository credit intermediation........................................................ 7.5 7.3 7.3 6.7 5.9 5.0 0.6 1.0 X X 3.9 6.6 7.2 5.1 6.9

5223 Activities related to credit intermediation................................................ 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 4.6 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.2 5.1 4.6 1.0

523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial

 investments and related activities..................................... 7.3 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.1 6.4 0.9 0.5 X X 1.0 1.5 7.5 6.3 1.4

5231 Securities and commodity contracts

 intermediation and brokerage..................................... 16.1 16.6 17.1 15.7 16.3 13.6 1.7 1.2 X X 2.7 2.5 16.3 13.7 2.2

5232 Securities and commodity exchanges....................................................... 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 Z 0.1 X X 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

5239 Other financial investment activities................................................................................. 3.2 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.2 0.6 0.7 X X 1.5 1.8 3.4 2.8 1.6

524 Insurance carriers and related activities.......................................................... 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.3 0.8 0.7 X X 0.7 0.9 2.4 2.2 0.8

5241 Insurance carriers.............................................................................................. 3.2 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9 1.0 0.6 X X 0.8 1.1 2.9 2.8 0.8

5242 Agencies, brokerages, and other 

 insurance related activities........................................ 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.8 1.0 1.2 X X 1.1 1.0 2.8 2.5 0.9

53 Real estate and rental and leasing.......................................................................... 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 2.0 1.8 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.9 1.8 0.6

531 Real estate.................................................................................................................. 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.7

5311 Lessors of real estate...................................................................................... 1.9 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.4

5312 Offices of real estate agents and brokers.................................................. 4.1 4.5 3.7 4.2 3.8 3.5 2.1 1.8 1.3 0.8 2.4 1.5 3.9 3.4 1.3

5313 Activities related to real estate................................................................... 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.8 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.8 1.4 2.1 2.2 1.4

532 Rental and leasing services................................................................................. 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.1 4.5 4.4 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.5 1.2 0.9 4.4 4.1 0.8

5321 Automotive equipment rental and leasing................................................. 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.6 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 2.7 2.6 0.5

53211 Passenger car rental and leasing........................................................ 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.7 Z 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 3.6 S S

53212 Truck, utility trailer, and RV (recreational

 vehicle) rental and leasing...................................... 4.9 4.1 4.0 4.6 4.3 3.6 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.1 4.4 3.8 1.3

5322 Consumer goods rental................................................................................... 7.8 6.2 8.1 8.5 9.2 8.2 3.8 3.0 X X 3.7 2.4 7.2 7.9 1.6

5323 General rental centers.................................................................................... S S S S S S S S X X S S S S S

5324 Commercial and industrial machinery and

 equipment rental and leasing....................................... 8.7 8.6 8.8 8.0 8.5 8.3 1.1 0.7 1.5 0.9 2.6 1.7 8.5 8.1 1.5

533 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets 

 (except copyrighted works)................................................... 5.8 7.0 5.9 4.7 6.8 7.8 1.2 1.2 1.7 2.7 1.2 1.4 5.8 7.0 1.3

2012 

 NAICS 

 code 

Kind of business

Coefficient of variation for total revenue Standard error for percent change 

Year to Date 

Coefficient of variation 

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 2a. Selected Services - Estimated Measures of Sampling Variability for Revenue

[Estimates are shown as percents and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey]

Standard 

error 

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

2023 

 (p)

2022 2023 

 from 

 2022 

 (p)

2012 

 NAICS 

 code 

Kind of business

Coefficient of variation for total revenue Standard error for percent change 

Year to Date 

Coefficient of variation 

54 Professional, scientific, and technical services..................................................................................................................... 2.8 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.0 2.9 2.6 0.6

5411 Legal services..................................................................................................................6.4 6.4 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.9 0.9 1.7 2.2 2.6 1.2 3.0 6.1 5.4 1.4

5412 Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, 

 and payroll services............................................... 3.2 2.5 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.6 1.8 2.0 1.3 3.5 3.1 3.0 2.6 3.2 1.7

5413 Architectural, engineering, and related services.................................................................................................................. 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.4 4.1 4.5 1.0

5413 pt Architectural and related services.................................................................................................................. 10.1 10.7 10.5 9.9 9.7 9.9 2.4 2.4 X X 3.0 2.6 10.2 9.5 2.1

54133 Engineering services.................................................................................................................. 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.9 4.6 4.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.5 2.3 1.6 4.4 4.5 1.2

5414 Specialized design services........................................................................... 9.2 9.5 9.5 9.3 8.2 7.5 2.4 3.6 X X 3.9 5.1 9.2 6.9 4.7

5415 Computer systems design and related services.................................................................................................................. 6.0 6.5 6.9 6.5 6.2 5.9 1.1 0.9 0.4 1.9 2.1 1.8 6.4 5.6 1.8

5416 Management, scientific, and technical 

 consulting services................................................ 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.7 2.4 2.9 1.2

5417 Scientific research and development services.................................................................................................................. 7.2 7.8 7.8 7.5 8.0 8.2 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.4 3.2 7.5 8.1 1.9

5418 Advertising, public relations, and related services............................................................................................................ 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.9 1.8 1.8 0.8

5419 Other professional, scientific, and technical services......................................................S 11.6 S 11.9 S 13.9 S S S S S 3.1 S S S

56 Administrative and support and waste 

 management and remediation services..................................... 3.2 3.1 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 3.3 3.8 0.9

561 Administrative and support services..................................................................................................................... 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.9 3.3 4.0 1.0

5613 Employment services............................................................................................................... 5.5 5.3 6.1 6.1 6.5 6.8 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.9 2.0 2.3 5.7 7.4 2.4

5615 Travel arrangement and reservation services.................................................................................................................. 5.2 7.7 7.3 6.9 8.3 8.7 2.9 1.9 4.6 2.9 4.1 2.2 6.6 8.1 2.6

561 pt Other administrative and support services.................................................................................................................. 2.7 2.5 3.0 2.6 2.9 2.8 0.6 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.2 2.6 3.1 1.0

562 Waste management and remediation services.................................................................................................................. 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 4.7 5.0 0.9

61 Educational services ..................................................................................................................... 5.4 6.0 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.5 2.4 1.3 1.3 0.7 2.0 1.2 5.4 5.0 1.0

6114 Business schools and computer and management training.................................................................................................................. 12.2 10.5 9.0 9.6 10.8 10.6 2.6 5.2 X X 3.1 3.1 10.3 10.0 2.0

6115 Technical and trade schools..................................................................................................................... 9.0 9.7 9.9 9.1 11.8 9.6 0.9 2.3 X X 5.0 3.8 9.3 9.3 2.4

6116 Other schools and instruction...................................................................... 8.7 7.8 6.8 7.2 8.7 7.9 5.1 2.0 3.1 3.8 3.4 2.9 7.3 7.8 2.7

6117 Educational support services..................................................................................................................... 7.1 8.9 6.9 10.0 10.9 9.1 3.5 3.3 3.9 3.1 3.9 1.9 8.0 10.0 2.2

62 Health care and social assistance..................................................................................................................... 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 2.4 2.2 0.4

Health care and social assistance - taxable......................................................... 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.4 0.4 0.4 X X 0.8 0.8 2.8 2.5 0.6

Health care and social assistance - tax-exempt.................................................. 2.6 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 2.8 2.8 0.6

621 Ambulatory health care services ..................................................................................................................... 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.6 0.7

Ambulatory health care services - taxable................................................... 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.0 2.5 2.2 0.7

Ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt............................................ 4.6 5.1 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.2 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.4 0.9 5.0 5.2 0.7

6211 Offices of physicians - taxable.............................................................................................................................. 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.2 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.2 3.6 3.3 0.8

6212 Offices of dentists - taxable.................................................................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

6213 Offices of other health practitioners - taxable.............................................................................................................................. 7.1 6.6 7.2 6.8 6.7 5.7 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.9 2.9 2.9 6.9 6.3 2.1

6214 Outpatient care centers.............................................................................................................................. 3.3 3.2 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.0 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.2 3.0 2.9 0.9

Outpatient care centers - taxable......................................................... 4.0 4.5 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.6 1.6 1.5 0.9 0.8 2.5 1.9 4.1 3.9 1.6

Outpatient care centers - tax-exempt.................................................. 6.0 6.4 6.6 7.0 7.2 6.6 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.1 2.4 1.5 6.4 6.5 1.2

6215 Medical and diagnostic laboratories - taxable................................................................................................................................. 1.7 2.6 3.6 3.4 3.2 2.9 1.9 1.4 0.7 1.0 2.9 1.2 2.7 3.0 1.0

6216 Home health care services.................................................................................................................................... 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.3 4.6 4.3 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.9 2.4 2.4 3.9 4.3 2.0

Home health care services - taxable...................................................... S 5.4 5.4 S 5.6 5.3 S 0.7 S S S 3.2 S S S

Home health care services - tax-exempt............................................... 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.9 5.7 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.9 5.8 5.8 0.6

6219 Other ambulatory health care services.................................................................................................................. 4.4 3.8 3.4 2.5 2.5 3.1 0.8 0.6 X X 2.3 1.8 3.5 2.5 1.8

Other ambulatory health care services - taxable................................. 4.1 2.9 2.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 0.9 X X 3.7 2.8 2.7 1.6 2.8

Other ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt.......................... 7.2 8.9 8.2 7.2 6.9 8.5 1.7 0.8 X X 1.4 1.1 7.8 7.6 1.1

622 Hospitals ................................................................................................................................................ 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.4 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.4 4.3 4.3 0.7

Hospitals - taxable.......................................................................................... 13.3 13.6 13.7 13.7 13.4 13.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 13.5 13.4 0.6

Hospitals - tax-exempt................................................................................... 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.8 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.4 3.5 3.6 0.8

6221 General medical and surgical hospitals...................................................... 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.4 4.1 4.2 0.7

General medical and surgical hospitals - taxable.................................. 12.6 13.1 13.1 13.3 13.2 12.8 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.5 13.0 13.0 0.8

General medical and surgical hospitals - tax-exempt........................... 3.5 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.9 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.4 3.7 3.7 0.8

6222 Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals................................................... 6.3 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.7 6.6 0.6 0.5 1.5 0.7 1.5 0.4 6.2 6.3 0.8

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals - taxable............................. 8.0 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.3 7.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5 1.7 1.3 8.1 7.9 1.2

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals - tax-exempt..................... 8.7 9.0 8.8 8.3 8.2 9.6 0.8 0.7 2.2 1.1 1.5 0.9 8.7 9.2 1.1

6223 Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) 

 hospitals.............................................................. 14.2 12.9 13.5 13.4 12.1 12.7 1.1 0.5 X X 1.8 0.7 13.5 12.8 1.2

Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) 

 hospitals - taxable............................................. 23.7 22.8 23.3 22.8 21.4 22.2 1.0 0.5 X X 2.2 1.7 23.2 22.1 2.7

Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) 

 hospitals - tax-exempt....................................... 7.8 6.2 6.9 7.1 5.7 6.0 1.5 0.7 X X 2.0 0.7 7.0 5.9 1.3

623 Nursing and residential care facilities .................................................................................................................................... 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.9 3.6 3.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.4 1.2 1.4 3.6 3.3 1.0

Nursing and residential care facilities - taxable........................................... S S S S 3.8 S S S X X S S S S S

Nursing and residential care facilities - tax-exempt.................................... 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.5 3.9 4.3 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.1 4.5 4.2 0.7

624 Social assistance ..............................................................................................................................5.0 5.1 4.2 4.3 4.9 4.1 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.8 2.4 2.1 4.6 4.3 1.1

Social assistance - taxable.............................................................................. 5.7 S S S S 5.3 S S X X S S S S S

Social assistance - tax-exempt....................................................................... 5.6 6.3 5.4 5.0 5.5 4.4 2.5 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.7 2.9 5.5 4.6 1.3

6241 Individual and family services.................................................................................................................. 7.3 7.5 6.0 6.2 6.9 6.1 1.7 1.5 0.7 1.6 3.9 4.0 6.7 5.9 2.5

6242 Community food and housing, and emergency

 and other relief services ........................................... 6.6 9.0 8.8 7.8 8.6 7.3 5.1 3.7 3.7 2.0 3.1 3.4 7.8 7.8 2.1

6243 Vocational rehabilitation services .................................................................................................................. 13.6 15.4 15.1 14.8 13.7 14.5 4.2 3.0 X X 2.9 2.7 14.6 14.4 1.9

6244 Child day care services .................................................................................................................. 10.1 8.4 8.2 7.0 8.3 8.7 3.2 1.4 2.5 4.3 2.6 2.6 8.4 8.5 1.6

Child day care services - taxable............................................................ 11.3 S S S 9.5 10.5 S S S S 2.5 S S 10.1 S

Child day care services - tax-exempt...................................................... 17.3 13.9 15.2 11.9 16.0 15.2 8.2 4.6 7.9 20.3 5.6 3.3 14.2 14.6 2.4

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 2a. Selected Services - Estimated Measures of Sampling Variability for Revenue

[Estimates are shown as percents and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey]

Standard 

error 

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

2023 

 (p)

2022 2023 

 from 

 2022 

 (p)

2012 

 NAICS 

 code 

Kind of business

Coefficient of variation for total revenue Standard error for percent change 

Year to Date 

Coefficient of variation 

71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation....................................................................... 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.0 3.3 1.9 1.7 1.6 0.7 1.1 1.3 2.7 3.2 0.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation - taxable................................................... 2.9 3.3 3.4 4.0 3.7 3.9 2.1 1.9 2.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 3.2 3.8 0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation - tax-exempt............................................ 4.2 4.7 4.6 3.6 4.8 4.1 3.4 3.5 2.3 3.1 4.3 3.4 3.9 3.7 2.1

711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries............................................................... 3.1 2.1 3.6 5.9 4.0 2.1 4.2 4.1 4.6 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.6 2.9 1.1

Performing arts, spectator sports, and 

 related industries - taxable.......................................... 3.2 2.5 3.1 6.5 4.1 2.4 4.7 4.0 5.2 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.7 3.0 1.0

Performing arts, spectator sports, and 

 related industries - tax-exempt.................................... 6.5 7.9 11.1 4.5 7.3 5.6 7.4 10.5 X X 5.3 6.9 6.2 4.8 3.2

7111 Performing arts companies....................................................................... 8.1 7.8 8.0 5.8 7.2 7.8 5.1 5.8 7.8 2.5 4.6 5.8 6.7 6.9 4.0

Performing arts companies - taxable.................................................... 10.5 7.1 7.6 5.3 8.5 10.3 4.6 4.3 10.0 5.4 3.9 6.5 6.7 8.0 3.7

Performing arts companies - tax-exempt............................................. 10.3 12.8 9.5 8.0 9.1 5.8 10.9 10.1 5.5 5.5 8.2 10.4 8.7 6.6 6.5

7112 Spectator sports - taxable.............................................................................. 5.5 2.7 3.8 10.4 5.9 3.1 6.7 3.7 8.4 3.7 1.0 1.1 4.6 4.7 0.8

7113 Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events................................................................ 5.7 6.3 5.9 8.0 6.1 5.1 6.6 9.1 3.8 3.0 4.9 4.3 5.3 5.0 3.1

Promoters of performing arts, sports, and 

 similar events - taxable........................................ 6.0 7.3 4.9 8.6 6.7 6.7 7.1 9.0 5.6 3.5 5.5 4.6 5.5 5.9 3.4

Promoters of performing arts, sports, and 

 similar events - tax-exempt.................................. 11.4 9.1 15.5 7.2 10.2 10.4 7.5 12.1 X X 5.0 5.3 9.5 8.1 4.6

7114 Agents and managers for artists, athletes, 

 entertainers, and other public figures - taxable.......................... 7.4 5.3 3.5 3.0 6.8 4.5 4.0 2.2 3.1 4.1 3.7 1.5 4.4 5.4 1.4

7115 Independent artists, writers, and performers - taxable................................................................. 8.3 9.6 7.2 15.4 12.4 9.9 7.2 5.8 6.6 6.2 5.8 6.4 9.5 S S

712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions........................................................................... 4.9 4.8 3.5 3.7 7.8 6.2 5.5 3.4 4.8 5.1 8.2 5.4 3.6 5.8 4.9

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions - tax-exempt................ 5.6 6.7 3.7 4.4 8.0 7.5 6.4 4.6 5.0 5.9 9.1 7.0 4.4 6.2 6.1

713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries.......................................... 4.6 4.7 4.1 5.2 5.7 5.6 1.1 1.1 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.3 4.6 5.5 1.3

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries - taxable....................... 5.2 5.4 5.0 6.2 6.8 6.5 0.8 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.6 5.4 6.5 1.6

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries - tax-exempt................ 7.5 5.6 5.7 7.8 7.5 6.4 4.2 3.1 6.1 3.1 4.5 3.4 6.1 5.5 2.0

7131 Amusement parks and arcades - taxable.....................................................................3.3 5.3 3.8 4.8 3.4 5.4 3.7 3.6 3.9 1.5 1.1 0.6 3.7 3.8 0.9

7132 Gambling industries - taxable............................................................................... 14.6 15.2 13.2 17.0 17.1 15.6 0.9 1.5 3.4 0.9 2.7 3.7 15.0 15.8 3.2

7139 Other amusement and recreation industries........................................... 4.6 4.2 3.8 4.4 5.4 4.8 2.5 2.2 2.8 1.9 1.6 1.6 4.0 4.9 1.8

Other amusement and recreation industries - taxable........................ S 4.8 S 5.1 6.6 5.4 S S S 2.6 S 2.3 S 6.1 S

Other amusement and recreation industries - tax-exempt................. 7.5 5.6 5.7 7.8 7.5 6.4 4.2 3.1 6.1 3.1 4.5 3.4 6.1 5.5 2.0

721 Accommodation............................................................................................................................................................. 3.2 3.1 2.7 3.2 3.1 2.8 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.2 3.0 2.8 0.7

7211 Traveler accommodation........................................................................................... 3.2 3.1 2.7 3.2 3.2 2.8 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.2 3.0 2.9 0.7

7212 RV (recreational vehicle) parks and recreational camps............................................................................................................... 5.7 3.4 4.9 4.7 5.2 4.0 1.7 4.3 8.3 5.8 1.5 2.5 3.7 3.3 2.3

7213 Rooming and boarding houses................................................................................................................................... 14.2 9.1 11.7 8.1 11.8 6.1 4.6 4.7 3.8 3.8 3.7 5.3 10.6 9.7 3.5

81 Other services (except public administration)....................................................... 1.3 0.8 1.5 2.3 1.6 2.4 1.2 1.2 1.5 2.1 1.9 2.6 1.3 1.7 1.7

811 Repair and maintenance....................................................................................... 5.1 4.1 4.4 4.2 3.7 4.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.7 2.8 1.8 4.4 3.8 1.7

8111 Automotive repair and maintenance........................................................ 10.5 8.7 9.1 9.5 9.1 8.6 2.3 1.9 1.4 1.8 3.6 2.3 9.4 8.5 2.1

8112 Electronic and precision equipment repair 

 and maintenance................................................... 6.6 6.0 5.7 4.3 5.0 4.7 1.2 1.6 X X 3.0 3.5 5.5 5.0 2.6

8113 Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment

 (except automotive and electronic) repair and 

 maintenance............................................................ 13.6 12.8 13.4 12.8 11.9 10.3 1.6 2.3 X X 4.1 4.7 13.1 10.6 3.7

8114 Personal and household goods repair and maintenance............................................................ S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

812 Personal and laundry services.............................................................................. S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

8121 Personal care services..................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

8122 Death care services......................................................................................... 7.0 8.4 7.8 6.8 7.3 8.9 4.8 3.1 X X 5.2 4.0 7.2 7.0 1.9

8123 Drycleaning and laundry services..................................................................... 6.9 5.1 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.2 3.3 0.7 1.0 0.7 3.7 2.0 5.7 6.0 1.6

8129 Other personal services.......................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S

813

Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and 

 similar organizations - tax-exempt................................................... 2.0 2.7 3.4 4.7 3.3 4.8 3.8 1.8 2.9 3.1 2.4 4.9 2.8 3.9 2.9

(p) Preliminary estimate. Z Absolute value is less than .05.

X Not applicable. Estimated measures of sampling variability are provided for the estimates on Table 1a only. 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Services Survey, March 13, 2024, Project No. P-7502871 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-001.

S Corresponding estimate in Table 1a and/or 1c does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability, poor response quality or other concerns about the estimate's quality. 

Note: Estimated measures of sampling variability are based on data not adjusted for seasonal variation, and should be used when drawing inferences about both adjusted and not adjusted estimates. Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, 

nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected.html.

U.S. Census Bureau
Table 2b. Selected Services - Estimated Measures of Sampling Variability for Expenses

[Estimates are shown as percents and are based on data from the Quarterly Services Survey]

4Q 

 2023 

 (p)

3Q 

 2023

2Q 

 2023

1Q 

 2023

4Q 

 2022

3Q 

 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2023 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 2Q 2023

2Q 2023 

 from 

 1Q 2023

1Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022

4Q 2023 

 from 

 4Q 2022 

 (p)

3Q 2023 

 from 

 3Q 2022

62 Health care and social assistance.................................................................................. 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5

Health care and social assistance - tax-exempt.......................................................... 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.0 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6

621 Ambulatory health care services................................................................................. 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.8

Ambulatory health care services - taxable............................................................ 2.7 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.9 1.4 0.9

Ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt..................................................... 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.3 5.2 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.3 1.2 0.8

6211 Offices of physicians - taxable................................................................................ 3.6 3.1 2.8 3.1 2.8 3.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.1

6212 Offices of dentists - taxable.................................................................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

6213 Offices of other health practitioners - taxable..................................................... 9.3 7.2 S S S S 2.4 S S S S S

6214 Outpatient care centers.......................................................................................... 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.7 1.2

Outpatient care centers - taxable........................................................................ 4.1 4.5 4.2 4.4 4.1 4.1 1.4 1.1 1.2 0.9 2.8 1.9

Outpatient care centers - tax-exempt................................................................. 5.7 6.1 6.4 6.8 6.7 6.6 1.0 0.6 1.4 0.5 2.2 1.4

6215 Medical and diagnostic laboratories - taxable..................................................... 2.3 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.1 1.2 0.4 1.0 2.7 1.7

6216 Home health care services..................................................................................... 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.3 4.9 4.5 0.9 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.8 1.7

Home health care services - taxable................................................................... S S S S S 5.2 S S S S S S

Home health care services - tax-exempt............................................................ 6.5 6.3 6.1 5.8 6.1 5.9 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.7 1.2 0.8

6219 Other ambulatory health care services............................................................................................................... 6.3 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.7 3.0 2.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 3.9 1.2

Other ambulatory health care services - taxable.................................. 6.5 2.9 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.0 4.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 7.2 2.1

Other ambulatory health care services - tax-exempt.......................... 7.6 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.2

622 Hospitals.......................................................................................................................... 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5

Hospitals - tax-exempt................................................................................................ 4.3 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5

6221 General medical and surgical hospitals................................................................. 5.0 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5

General medical and surgical hospitals - tax-exempt..................... 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.1 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6

6223 Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse)

 hospitals............................................................... 11.3 11.2 10.4 10.3 10.2 10.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.9

Specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse)

 hospitals - tax-exempt...................................... 5.1 5.0 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.1 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.4

623 Nursing and residential care facilities...................................................................... 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 1.1 1.1

Nursing and residential care facilities - taxable........................................... S S S S S S S S S S S S

Nursing and residential care facilities - tax-exempt............................................... 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.4 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9

624 Social assistance............................................................................................................. 4.4 4.9 4.5 4.4 5.3 4.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.7 2.0

Social assistance - tax-exempt................................................................................... 4.5 5.4 5.3 4.5 5.7 4.9 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.4 2.2

6241 Individual and family services................................................................................. 6.5 6.9 6.6 6.3 7.7 6.8 0.6 1.8 1.4 1.7 4.0 4.0

6242 Community food and housing, and emergency

 and other relief services.......................................... 7.0 8.5 9.1 9.2 8.9 8.2 3.4 2.7 1.9 2.0 2.7 2.2

6243 Vocational rehabilitation services............................................................................................................... 12.9 13.5 13.9 12.5 13.1 14.1 1.7 2.0 4.9 3.6 2.4 3.0

6244 Child day care services............................................................................................. 7.4 6.5 5.7 5.3 6.0 5.7 1.6 1.1 1.4 3.4 3.4 2.4

Child day care services - taxable......................................................... 10.0 8.9 S S 7.9 8.1 2.1 S S S 4.3 4.6

Child day care services - tax-exempt.................................................................. 13.7 12.8 12.2 12.0 13.8 11.9 2.4 2.0 4.4 7.2 3.0 4.2

71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation - tax-exempt....................................................... 2.6 2.3 2.2 3.4 2.9 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.5 2.5

7111 Performing arts companies - tax-exempt........................................................... 8.2 8.7 5.8 7.4 4.9 4.0 5.2 5.5 4.3 3.9 4.6 7.1

712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions - tax-exempt......................... 4.3 4.3 4.7 5.0 4.9 4.6 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.0 1.9 3.2

7139 Other amusement and recreation industries - tax-exempt.............. 4.9 4.5 4.0 6.3 5.5 5.0 2.1 2.0 5.2 2.7 2.4 2.8

813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations - taxexempt....................................................... 3.7 3.7 4.4 4.1 3.8 4.0 2.5 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.9 1.5

(p) Preliminary estimate.

S Corresponding estimate in Table 1b does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability, poor response quality or other concerns about the estimate's quality. 

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Services Survey, March 13, 2024, Project No. P-7502871 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-001.

2012 

 NAICS 

 code

Kind of business

Coefficient of variation for total expenses Standard error for percent change 

Note: Estimated measures of sampling variability are based on data not adjusted for seasonal variation, and should be used when drawing inferences about both adjusted and not 

adjusted estimates. Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at 

www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected.html.

U.S. Census Bureau
Data Inquiries Media Inquiries

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301-763-2960 301-763-3030

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EXPLANATORY NOTES

Survey Description

The U.S. Census Bureau conducts the Quarterly Services Survey to provide national estimates of quarterly 

revenue and expenses for employer firms located in the United States and classified in select service 

industries. The current total sample size is approximately 19,500 employer firms.

Each quarter, questionnaires are mailed to a probability sample of employer firms selected from the larger 

Service Annual Survey (SAS) sample. The QSS sample includes firms of all sizes and is updated on a 

quarterly basis to account for new services businesses, deaths, and other changes to the survey universe. 

Data for nonresponding firms are imputed based on data for similar-sized firms classified in the same kind 

of business. The following table lists imputation rates of total quarterly revenue for the industries 

published in the QSS:

2012

NAICS 

Code

Kind of Business

Imputation Rate 

of Total Quarterly 

Revenue (in %)

Selected Services Total 29

22 Utilities 9

48-49 Transportation and warehousing 30

51 Information 22

52 Finance and insurance 16

53 Real estate and rental and leasing 43

54 Professional, scientific, and technical services 40

56 Administrative and support and waste management and remediation 

services 42

61 Educational services 40

62 Health care and social assistance 38

71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation 38

721 Accommodation 37

81 Other services (except public administration) 42

Quarterly revenue estimates are obtained by summing weighted data (either reported or imputed), where 

the weight for a particular unit is the reciprocal of its probability of being selected into the sample. The 

estimates are benchmarked using results of the latest SAS. Additional information on the QSS can be found 
Data Inquiries Media Inquiries

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301-763-2960 301-763-3030

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on the Census Bureau website at <www.census.gov/services/>.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product to ensure appropriate access, use, and disclosure 

avoidance protection of the confidential source data (Project No. P-7502871, Disclosure Review Board 

(DRB) approval number: CBDRB-FY24-001).

Description of Seasonal Adjustment

To derive the seasonally adjusted estimates published in this report, we used all available quarterly

estimates as input to the Census Bureau’s X-13 ARIMA-SEATS program. With each non-advance quarterly 

release, we publish preliminary seasonally adjusted estimates for the current quarter and revised 

seasonally adjusted estimates for the previous five quarters. The seasonal adjustment models used to 

derive seasonal factors for each kind of business are evaluated annually and will not be revised until the 

next benchmarking operation. For a table of the seasonal adjustment factors, see 

<www.census.gov/services/qss/qssseasfactors.xlsx>. A list of “Frequently Asked Questions” on seasonal 

adjustment of QSS estimates is available at <www.census.gov/services/qss/seasonally_adjusted_faqs>.

Reliability of the Estimates

The estimates in this report may differ from the actual, but unknown, population values. For a particular 

estimate, statisticians define this difference as the total error of the estimate. When describing the 

accuracy of survey results, it is convenient to discuss total error as the sum of sampling error and 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error is the difference between the actual population parameter and the 

value that would be derived by surveying the entire set of units identified as the survey universe (the 

sampling frame). There are many potential contributors to nonsampling error – the inclusion of erroneous 

units in the survey (overcoverage), the exclusion of eligible units from the survey (undercoverage), 

nonresponse, misreporting, mistakes in recording and coding responses, misinterpretation of questions, 

and other errors of collection, response, coverage, or processing. Though nonsampling error is not 

measured directly, the Census Bureau employs quality control procedures throughout the process to 

minimize this type of error. Sampling error is the average difference between the estimate and the result 

that would be obtained from a complete enumeration of the sampling frame conducted under the same 

survey conditions. This error occurs because only a subset of the entire sampling frame is measured in a 

sample survey. Common measures of sampling error are the sampling variance, the standard error, and 

the coefficient of variation, which is also referred to as the relative standard error. The sampling variance 

is defined as the squared difference, averaged over all possible samples of the same size and design, 

between the estimator and its average value. The standard error is the square root of the sampling 

variance. The CV expresses the standard error as a percentage of the estimate to which it refers. For 
Data Inquiries Media Inquiries

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example, an estimate of 200 units that has an estimated standard error of 10 units has an estimated CV of 

5 percent. The sampling variance, standard error, and CV of an estimate can be estimated from the 

selected sample because the sample was selected using probability sampling. Standard errors and 

coefficients of variation are given in Tables 2a and 2b of this report.

The first page of this release gives statements about the change in revenue from a prior period. Each 

change estimate is accompanied by a number in parentheses, called the “margin of error.” The margin of 

error can be used to construct a 90-percent confidence interval, which is interpreted as follows. If, for 

each possible sample, an estimate and its approximate standard error are obtained, then for 

approximately 90 percent of the possible samples, the interval from 1.895 standard errors below to 1.895 

standard errors above the estimate would include the average of the estimates derived from all possible 

samples. If, for example, a particular change estimate is +1.2 percent and its associated margin of error is 

±1.5 percentage points, then the 90-percent confidence interval for the change estimate is -0.3 percent to 

+2.7 percent. If the interval contains 0, then one does not have sufficient evidence to conclude at the 

90-percent confidence level that the actual change is different from zero. Each comparison stated in this 

report has undergone statistical testing and is significant at the 90-percent confidence level, unless 

otherwise noted. Data users should take into account the estimates of sampling error and the potential 

effects of nonsampling error when using the statistics in this publication.

Additional information regarding the methodology used in conducting this survey is available at 

<www.census.gov/services/qss/how_the_data_are_collected>.

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