04012004 S3 Exhibit 4.2




Exhibit 4.2




 

 

 

 

8X8, INC.

TO

________________,

AS TRUSTEE

INDENTURE

DATED AS OF __________, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES


TABLE OF CONTENTS



ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION*
Section 1.1Definitions*

Section 1.2Compliance Certificates and Opinions*

Section 1.3Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee*

Section 1.4Acts of Holders; Record Dates*

Section 1.5Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company*

Section 1.6Notice to Holders; Waiver*

Section 1.7Conflict with Trust Indenture Act*

Section 1.8Effect of Headings and Table of Contents*

Section 1.9Successors and Assigns*

Section 1.10Separability Clause*

Section 1.11Benefits of Indenture*

Section 1.12Governing Law*

Section 1.13Legal Holidays*

Section 1.14Indenture and Securities Solely Corporate Obligations*

Section 1.15Indenture May be Executed in Counterparts*





ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS*
Section 2.1Forms Generally*

Section 2.2Form of Face of Security*

Section 2.3Form of Reverse of Security*

Section 2.4Form of Legend for Global Securities*

Section 2.5Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication*

Section 2.6Form of Conversion Notice*





ARTICLE 3 THE SECURITIES*
Section 3.1Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series*

Section 3.2Denominations*

Section 3.3Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating*

Section 3.4Temporary Securities*

Section 3.5Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange*

Section 3.6Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities*

Section 3.7Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved*

Section 3.8Persons Deemed Owners*

Section 3.9Cancellation*

Section 3.10Computation of Interest*





ARTICLE 4 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE*
Section 4.1Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture*

Section 4.2Application of Trust Money*





ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES*
Section 5.1Events of Default*

Section 5.2Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment*

Section 5.3Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee*

Section 5.4Trustee May File Proofs of Claim*

Section 5.5Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities*

Section 5.6Application of Money Collected*

Section 5.7Limitation on Suits*

Section 5.8Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium
and Interest and to Convert*

Section 5.9Restoration of Rights and Remedies*

Section 5.10Rights and Remedies Cumulative*

Section 5.11Delay or Omission Not Waiver*

Section 5.12Control by Holders*

Section 5.13Waiver of Past Defaults*

Section 5.14Undertaking for Costs*

Section 5.15Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws*





ARTICLE 6 THE TRUSTEE*
Section 6.1Certain Duties and Responsibilities*

Section 6.2Notice of Defaults*

Section 6.3Certain Rights of Trustee*

Section 6.4Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities*

Section 6.5May Hold Securities and Act as Trustee under Other
Indentures*

Section 6.6Money Held in Trust*

Section 6.7Compensation and Reimbursement*

Section 6.8Conflicting Interests*

Section 6.9Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility*

Section 6.10Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor*

Section 6.11Acceptance of Appointment by Successor*

Section 6.12Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business*

Section 6.13Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company*

Section 6.14Appointment of Authenticating Agent*





ARTICLE 7 HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY*
Section 7.1Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of
Holders*

Section 7.2Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders*

Section 7.3Reports by Trustee*

Section 7.4Reports by Company*





ARTICLE 8 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE*
Section 8.1Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain
Terms.*

Section 8.2Successor Substituted*





ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES*
Section 9.1Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders*

Section 9.2Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders*

Section 9.3Execution of Supplemental Indentures*

Section 9.4Effect of Supplemental Indentures*

Section 9.5Conformity with Trust Indenture Act*

Section 9.6Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures*





ARTICLE 10 COVENANTS*
Section 10.1Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest*

Section 10.2Maintenance of Office or Agency*

Section 10.3Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust*

Section 10.4Statement by Officers as to Default*

Section 10.5Existence*

Section 10.6Waiver of Certain Covenants*





ARTICLE 11 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES*
Section 11.1Applicability of Article*

Section 11.2Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee*

Section 11.3Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed*

Section 11.4Notice of Redemption*

Section 11.5Deposit of Redemption Price*

Section 11.6Securities Payable on Redemption Date*

Section 11.7Securities Redeemed in Part*





ARTICLE 12 SINKING FUNDS*
Section 12.1Applicability of Article*

Section 12.2Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities*

Section 12.3Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund*





ARTICLE 13 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE*
Section 13.1Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance*

Section 13.2Defeasance and Discharge*

Section 13.3Covenant Defeasance*

Section 13.4Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance*

Section 13.5Deposited Money, U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign
Government Obligations to be Held in Trust; Miscellaneous Provisions.*

Section 13.6Reinstatement*





ARTICLE 14 CONVERSION OF SECURITIES*
Section 14.1Applicability of Article*

Section 14.2Exercise of Conversion Privilege*

Section 14.3No Fractional Shares*

Section 14.4Adjustment of Conversion Price or Conversion Rate*

Section 14.5Notice of Certain Corporate Actions*

Section 14.6Reservation of Shares of Common Stock*

Section 14.7Payment of Certain Taxes upon Conversion*

Section 14.8Nonassessability*

Section 14.9Provision in Case of Consolidation, Merger or Sale of
Assets*

Section 14.10Duties of Trustee Regarding Conversion*

Section 14.11Repayment of Certain Funds upon Conversion*





ARTICLE 15 SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES*
Section 15.1Agreement of Subordination*

Section 15.2Payments to Holders*

Section 15.3Subrogation of Securities*

Section 15.4Authorization to Effect Subordination*

Section 15.5Notice to Trustee*

Section 15.6Trustee's Relation to Senior Debt*

Section 15.7No Impairment of Subordination*

Section 15.8Certain Conversions/Exchanges Deemed Payment*

Section 15.9Article Applicable to Paying Agents*

Section 15.10Senior Debt Entitled to Rely*

Section 15.11Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating
Agent*

Section 15.12Trust Monies Not Subordinated.*








 

Certain Sections of this Indenture relating to Sections 3.10 through 3.18,
inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939:


	
Section 310(a)(1)
	
6.9

	
(a)(2)
	
6.9

	
(a)(3)
	
Not Applicable

	
(a)(4)
	
Not Applicable

	
(b)
	
6.8, 6.10

	
Section 311(a)
	
6.13

	
(b)
	
6.13

	
Section 312(a)
	
7.1, 7.2

	
(b)
	
7.2

	
(c)
	
7.2

	
Section 313(a)
	
7.3

	
(b)
	
7.3

	
(c)
	
7.3

	
(d)
	
7.3

	
Section 314(a)
	
7.4

	
(a)(4)
	
1.1, 10.4

	
(b)
	
Not Applicable

	
(c)(1)
	
1.2

	
(c)(2)
	
1.2

	
(c)(3)
	
Not Applicable

	
(d)
	
Not Applicable

	
(e)
	
1.2

	
Section 315 (a)
	
6.1

	
(b)
	
6.2

	
(c)
	
6.1

	
(d)
	
6.1

	
(e)
	
5.14

	
Section 316 (a)
	
1.1

	
(a)(1)(A)
	
5.2, 5.12

	
(a)(1)(B)
	
5.13

	
(a)(2)
	
Not Applicable

	
(b)
	
5.8

	
(c)
	
1.4

	
Section 317(a)(1)
	
5.3

	
(a)(2)
	
5.4

	
(b)
	
10.3

	
Section 318(a)
	
1.7




NOTE:  This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose,
be deemed to be a part of the Indenture.

INDENTURE, dated as of __________, 2004, between 8X8, Inc., a
corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(herein called the "Company"), having its principal executive office
at 2445 Mission College Boulevard, Santa Clara, California 95054, as Trustee
(herein called the "Trustee").

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this
Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured
subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called
the "Securities"), to be issued in one or more series as provided in
this Indenture.

All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company,
in accordance with its terms, have been done.

NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities
by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and
proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series thereof
appertaining, as follows:



ARTICLE 1


DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL
APPLICATION

 Section 1.1   Definitions
.  

For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or
unless the context otherwise requires:

	the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in
this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;
	all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act,
either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them
therein;
	all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned
to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States of America, and, except as otherwise herein expressly
provided, the term "generally accepted accounting principles"
with respect to any computation required or permitted hereunder shall mean such
accounting principles in the United States of America as are generally accepted
at the date of such computation;
	all references to "$" refer to the lawful currency of the United
States of America;
	unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an
"Article" or a "Section" refers to an Article or a
Section, as the case may be, of this Indenture; and
	the words "herein," "hereof" and "hereunder"
and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to
any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.



"Act," when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning
specified in Section 1.4.

"Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly
or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person.

"Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the Trustee
pursuant to Section 6.14 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Securities of one or more series.

"Board of Directors" means either the board of directors of the
Company or any duly authorized committee of that board empowered to act for it
with respect to this Indenture.

"Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

"Business Day," when used with respect to any Place of Payment,
means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on
which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated
by law or executive order to close.

"Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, from
time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time
after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and
performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the
body performing such duties at such time.

"Common Stock" includes any stock of any class of the Company which
has no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts payable in the event of
any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the
Company and which is not subject to redemption by the Company; provided,
however, subject to the provisions of Section 14.9, shares issuable
upon conversion of Securities shall include only shares of the class designated
as Common Stock of the Company at the date of this Indenture or shares of any
class or classes resulting from any reclassification or reclassifications
thereof and which have no preference in respect of dividends or of amounts
payable in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or
winding-up of the Company and which are not subject to redemption by the
Company; provided, further, that if at any time there shall be
more than one such resulting class, the shares of each such class then so
issuable shall be substantially in the proportion which the total number of
shares of such class resulting from all such reclassifications bears to the
total number of shares of all such classes resulting from all such
reclassifications.

"Company" means the corporation named as the "Company" in
the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Person shall have
become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and
thereafter "Company" shall mean such successor Person.

"Company Request" or "Company Order" means a written
request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board,
its Vice Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President or a
Vice President, and by its principal financial officer, its Treasurer, an
Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to
the Trustee.

"control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the
power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or
indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or
otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have
meanings correlative to the foregoing.

"Corporate Trust Office" means the corporate trust office of the
Trustee at _________________________________, Attention:  ____________, or such
other office, designated by the Trustee by written notice to the Company, at
which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be
administered.

"corporation" means a corporation, association, company, joint-
stock company or business trust.

"Covenant Defeasance" has the meaning specified in
Section 13.3.

"Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in
Section 3.7.

"Defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 13.2.

"Depositary" means, with respect to Securities of any series
issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, a
clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act that is designated to act as
Depositary for such Securities as contemplated by Section 3.1.

"Designated Senior Debt" means the Company's obligations under any
particular Senior Debt in which the instrument creating or evidencing the same
or the assumption or guarantee thereof (or related agreements or documents to
which the Company is a party) expressly provides that such Senior Debt shall be
"Designated Senior Debt" for purposes of this Indenture (provided
that such instrument, agreement or other document may place limitations and
conditions on the right of such Senior Debt to exercise the rights of Designated
Senior Debt).  If any payment made to any holder of any Designated Senior Debt
or its Representative with respect to such Designated Senior Debt is rescinded
or must otherwise be returned by such holder or Representative upon the
insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the Company or otherwise, the
reinstated Indebtedness of the Company arising as a result of such rescission or
return shall constitute Designated Senior Debt effective as of the date of such
rescission or return.

"euro" or "euros" means the currency adopted by those
nations participating in the third stage of the economic and monetary union
provisions of the Treaty on European Union, signed at Maastricht on February 7,
1992.

"European Economic Area" means the member nations of the European
Economic Area pursuant to the Oporto Agreement on the European Economic Area
dated May 2, 1992, as amended.

"European Union" means the member nations of the European Union
established by the Treaty of European Union, signed at Maastricht on February 2,
1992, which amended the Treaty of Rome establishing the European Community.

"Event of Default" has the meaning specified in
Section 5.1.

"Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any
statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

"Expiration Date" has the meaning specified in
Section 1.4.

"Foreign Government Obligation" means with respect to Securities of
any series which are not denominated in the currency of the United States of
America (x) any security which is (i) a direct obligation of the
government which issued or caused to be issued the currency in which such
security is denominated and for the payment of which obligations its full faith
and credit is pledged, or, with respect to Securities of any series which are
denominated in euros, a direct obligation of any member nation of the European
Union for the payment of which obligation the full faith and credit of the
respective nation is pledged so long as such nation has a credit rating at least
equal to that of the highest rated member nation of the European Economic Area,
or (ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as
an agency or instrumentality of a government specified in clause (i) above the
payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit
obligation by the such government, which, in either case (i) or (ii), is not
callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (y) any
depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the
Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any Foreign Government Obligation
which is specified in clause (x) above and held by such bank for the account of
the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific payment
of principal of or interest on any Foreign Government Obligation which is so
specified and held, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is
not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of
such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of
the Foreign Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal or
interest evidenced by such depositary receipt. 

"Global Security" means a Security that evidences all or part of
the Securities of any series and bears the legend set forth in Section 2.4
(or such legend as may be specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for such
Securities).

"Holder" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in
the Security Register.

"Indebtedness" means, with respect to any Person, and without
duplication, (a) all indebtedness, obligations and other liabilities (contingent
or otherwise) of such Person for borrowed money (including obligations of such
Person in respect of overdrafts, foreign exchange contracts, currency exchange
agreements, interest rate protection agreements, and any loans or advances from
banks, whether or not evidenced by notes or similar instruments) or evidenced by
bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments (whether or not the recourse of
the lender is to the whole of the assets of such person or to only a portion
thereof), other than any account payable or other accrued current liability or
obligation incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with the
obtaining of materials or services; (b) all reimbursement obligations and
other liabilities (contingent or otherwise) of such Person with respect to
letters of credit, bank guarantees or bankers' acceptances or similar
facilities; (c) all obligations and liabilities (contingent or otherwise) in
respect of leases of such Person required, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles, to be accounted for as capitalized lease obligations on
the balance sheet of such Person and all obligations and other liabilities
(contingent or otherwise) under any lease or related document (including a
purchase agreement) in connection with the lease of real property which provides
that such Person is contractually obligated to purchase or cause a third party
to purchase the leased property and thereby guarantee a minimum residual value
of the leased property to the lessor and the obligations of such Person under
such lease or related document to purchase or to cause a third party to purchase
such leased property; (d) all obligations of such Person (contingent or
otherwise) with respect to interest rate and currency swaps, caps, floors,
collars, hedge agreements, forward contracts or similar agreements or
arrangements or foreign currency hedge, exchange, purchase or similar agreements
or arrangements; (e) all direct or indirect guaranties or similar
agreements by such Person in respect of, and obligations or liabilities
(contingent or otherwise) of such Person to purchase or otherwise acquire or
otherwise assure a creditor against loss in respect of, indebtedness,
obligations or liabilities of another person of the kind described in clauses
(a) through (d) above; (f) any indebtedness or other obligations described
in clauses (a) through (e) above secured by any mortgage, pledge, lien or other
encumbrance existing on property which is owned or held by such Person,
regardless of whether the indebtedness or other obligation secured thereby shall
have been assumed by such Person; and (g) any and all renewals, extensions,
modifications, replacements, restatements and refundings of, or, any
indebtedness or obligation issued in exchange for, any such indebtedness or
obligation of the kind described in clauses (a) through (f) above.

"Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed and as it
may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof,
including, for all purposes of this instrument and any such supplemental
indenture, the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are deemed to be a
part of and govern this instrument and any such supplemental indenture,
respectively.  The term "Indenture" shall also include the terms of
particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 3.1;
provided, however, that if at any time more than one Person is
acting as Trustee under this Indenture due to the appointment of one or more
separate Trustees for any one or more separate series of Securities,
"Indenture" shall mean, with respect to such series of Securities for
which any such Person is Trustee, this instrument as originally executed or as
it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof
and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities for which such
Person is Trustee established as contemplated by Section 3.1, exclusive,
however, of any provisions or terms which relate solely to other series of
Securities for which such Person is not Trustee, regardless of when such terms
or provisions were adopted, and exclusive of any provisions or terms adopted by
means of one or more indentures supplemental hereto executed and delivered after
such Person had become such Trustee, but to which such person, as such Trustee,
was not a party; provided, further that in the event that this
Indenture is supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental
hereto which are only applicable to certain series of Securities, the term
"Indenture" for a particular series of Securities shall only include
the supplemental indentures applicable thereto.

"interest," when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount
Security, which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity.

"Interest Payment Date," when used with respect to any Security,
means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

"Investment Company Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940
and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to
time.

"Maturity," when used with respect to any Security, means the date
on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes
due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated
Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, repurchase at the option of the
Holder, upon redemption or otherwise.

"Notice of Default" means a written notice of the kind specified in
Section 5.1(4).

"Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chairman
of the Board, a Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the
President or a Vice President, and by the principal financial officer, the
Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of
the Company, and delivered to the Trustee. One of the officers signing an
Officers' Certificate given pursuant to Section 10.4 shall be the principal
executive, financial or accounting officer of the Company.

"Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be
counsel for, or an employee of, the Company, and who shall be reasonably
acceptable to the Trustee.

"Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security that provides
for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon
a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 5.2.

"Outstanding," when used with respect to Securities, means, as of
the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture, except


	Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee
for cancellation;
	Securities for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has
been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the
Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the
Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities;
provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption
has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor
satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;
	Securities as to which Defeasance has been effected pursuant to
Section 13.2; and
	Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 3.6 or in exchange
for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered
pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which
there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that
such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities
are valid obligations of the Company; 



provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of
the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given, made or
taken any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or
other action hereunder as of any date, (A) the principal amount of an
Original Issue Discount Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall
be the amount of the principal thereof which would be due and payable as of such
date upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof to such date pursuant to
Section 5.2, (B) if, as of such date, the principal amount payable at
the Stated Maturity of a Security is not determinable, the principal amount of
such Security which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount as
specified or determined as contemplated by Section 3.1, (C) the
principal amount of a Security denominated in one or more non-U.S. dollar
currencies or currency units which shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be
the U.S. dollar equivalent, determined as of such date in the manner provided as
contemplated by Section 3.1, of the principal amount of such Security (or,
in the case of a Security described in clause (A) or (B) above, of the amount
determined as provided in such clause), and (D) Securities owned by the
Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company
or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding,
except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying
upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other action, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be
so disregarded.  Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may
be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the
Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that
the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any
Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

"Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay
the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities on behalf of the
Company.

"Payment Blockage Notice" has the meaning specified in
Section 15.2.

"Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability
company, partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

"Place of Payment," when used with respect to the Securities of any
series, means the place or places where the principal of and any premium and
interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as
contemplated by Section 3.1.

"Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every
previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced
by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any
Security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.6 in exchange for or
in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to
evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security.

"Record Date" means any Regular Record Date or Special Record
Date.

"Redemption Date," when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this
Indenture.

"Redemption Price," when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this
Indenture.

"Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest
Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that
purpose as contemplated by Section 3.1.

"Representative" means the (a) indenture trustee or other
trustee, agent or representative for any Senior Debt or (b) with respect to
any Senior Debt that does not have any such trustee, agent or other
representative, (i) in the case of such Senior Debt issued pursuant to an
agreement providing for voting arrangements as among the holders or owners of
such Senior Debt, any holder or owner of such Senior Debt acting with the
consent of the required persons necessary to bind such holders or owners of such
Senior Debt and (ii) in the case of all other such Senior Debt, the holder
or owner of such Senior Debt.

"Responsible Officer" means, when used with respect to the Trustee,
an officer of the Trustee in the Corporate Trust Office assigned and duly
authorized by the Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters.

"Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this
Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture.

"Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933 and any statute
successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

"Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the
respective meanings specified in Section 3.5.

"Senior Debt" means the principal of, premium, if any, and interest
(including all interest accruing subsequent to the commencement of any
bankruptcy or similar proceeding, whether or not a claim for post-petition
interest is allowable as a claim in any such proceeding) on, and all fees and
other amounts payable in connection with, Indebtedness of the Company, whether
outstanding on the date of this Indenture or thereafter created, incurred,
assumed, guaranteed or in effect guaranteed by the Company (including all
deferrals, renewals, extensions or refundings of, or amendments, modifications
or supplements to, the foregoing), unless in the case of any particular
Indebtedness the instrument creating or evidencing the same or the assumption or
guarantee thereof expressly provides that such Indebtedness shall not be senior
in right of payment to the Securities or expressly provides that such
Indebtedness is "pari passu" or " junior" to
the Securities.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Senior Debt shall not
include any Indebtedness of the Company to any Subsidiary of the Company.  If
any payment made to any holder of any Senior Debt or its Representative with
respect to such Senior Debt is rescinded or must otherwise be returned by such
holder or Representative upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of
the Company or otherwise, the reinstated Indebtedness of the Company arising as
a result of such rescission or return shall constitute Senior Debt effective as
of the date of such rescission or return.

"Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest
means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.7.

"Stated Maturity," when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or
such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

"Subsidiary" means a Person of which more than 50% of the
outstanding voting stock having the power to elect a majority of the board of
directors of such Person (in the case of a corporation) is, or of which more
than 50% of the equity interests (in the case of a Person which is not a
corporation) are, at the time owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or
by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other
Subsidiaries. For the purposes of this definition, "voting stock"
means stock or other similar interests to the Company which ordinarily has or
have voting power for the election of directors, or persons performing similar
functions, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock or
other interests has or have such voting power by reason of any contingency.

 "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in
force at the date as of which this instrument was executed; provided,
however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended
after such date, "Trust Indenture Act" means, to the extent required
by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

"Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the
first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become
such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter
"Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee
hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person,
"Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall
mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

"U.S. Government Obligation" means (x) any security which is
(i) a direct obligation of the United States of America for the payment of
which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged or
(ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an
agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the payment of which
is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the
United States of America, which, in either case (i) or (ii), is not
callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (y) any
depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the
Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any U.S. Government Obligation
which is specified in clause (x) above and held by such bank for the account of
the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any specific payment
of principal of or interest on any U.S. Government Obligation which is so
specified and held, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is
not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of
such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of
the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal or interest
evidenced by such depositary receipt.

"Vice President," when used with respect to the Company or the
Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a
word or words added before or after the title "vice president."




 Section 1.2   Compliance Certificates and Opinions
.  

Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any
action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the
Trustee such certificates and opinions as may be required under the Trust
Indenture Act. Each such certificate or opinion shall be given in the form of an
Officers' Certificate, if to be given by an officer of the Company, or an
Opinion of Counsel, if to be given by counsel, and shall comply with the
requirements of the Trust Indenture Act and any other requirements set forth in
this Indenture.

Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or
covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include,

	a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has
read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating
thereto;
	a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or
investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;
	a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he or she has made
such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to
express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has
been complied with; and
	a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such
condition or covenant has been complied with.



 Section 1.3   Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee
.  

In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered
by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such
matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or
that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person
may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more
other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give
an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar
as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of
reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to the matters upon which his or her certificate or opinion is
based are erroneous. Any such certificate or opinion of counsel may be based,
insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the
information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the
Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should
know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such
matters are erroneous.

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.


 Section 1.4   Acts of Holders; Record Dates
.  

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or
other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made or taken
by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agent duly
appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such
action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered
to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company.  The
Trustee shall promptly deliver to the Company copies of all such instrument or
instruments delivered to the Trustee. Such instrument or instruments (and the
action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to
as the "Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments.
Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such
agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to
Section 6.1) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in
the manner provided in this Section.

The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or
writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a
certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take
acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument
or writing acknowledged to him or her the execution thereof.  Where such
execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his or her individual
capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof
of his or her authority.  The fact and date of the execution of any such
instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may
also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient.

The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security Register.

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or
other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the
same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of
transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of
anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in
reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such
Security.

The Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining
the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to give, make or
take any request, demand, authorization, direction, vote, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made
or taken by Holders of Securities of such series, provided that the
Company may not set a record date for, and the provisions of this paragraph
shall not apply with respect to, the giving or making of any notice,
declaration, request or direction referred to in the next paragraph. If any
record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding
Securities of the relevant series on such record date, and no other Holders,
shall be entitled to take the relevant action, whether or not such Holders
remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall
be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration
Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of
such series on such record date.  Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed
to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a
record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the
record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person
be canceled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed
to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal
amount of Outstanding Securities of the relevant series on the date such action
is taken.  Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the
Company, at its own expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the
proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the
Trustee in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in
the manner set forth in Section 1.6.

The Trustee may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining
the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series entitled to join in the
giving or making of (i) any Notice of Default, (ii) any declaration of
acceleration referred to in Section 5.2, (iii) any request to
institute proceedings referred to in Section 5.7(2) or (iv) any
direction referred to in Section 5.12, in each case with respect to
Securities of such series.  If any record date is set pursuant to this
paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series on such record
date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to join in such notice,
declaration, request or direction, whether or not such Holders remain Holders
after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective
hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders
of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of such series on
such record date.  Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the
Trustee from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date
has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date
previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled
and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to render
ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite principal amount of
Outstanding Securities of the relevant series on the date such action is taken.
Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Trustee,
at the Company's expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed
action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Company
in writing and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner
set forth in Section 1.6.

With respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party
hereto which sets such record dates may designate any day as the
"Expiration Date" and from time to time may change the Expiration Date
to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall be
effective unless notice of the proposed new Expiration Date is given to the
other party hereto in writing, and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant
series in the manner set forth in Section 1.6, on or prior to the existing
Expiration Date.  If an Expiration Date is not designated with respect to any
record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which set such record
date shall be deemed to have initially designated the 180th day after such
record date as the Expiration Date with respect thereto, subject to its right to
change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be later than the 180th day after the
applicable record date.

Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any
action hereunder with regard to any particular Security may do so with regard to
all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly
appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with
regard to all or any part of such principal amount.


 Section 1.5   Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company

. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this
Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

	the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every
purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing (or by facsimile
transmissions, provided that oral confirmation of receipt shall have been
received) to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention:
Corporate Trust Department, or
	the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every
purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and
mailed, first-class postage prepaid, personally delivered or sent via overnight
courier to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office
specified in the first paragraph of this instrument or at any other address
previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company, Attention: Chief
Financial Officer.



 Section 1.6   Notice to Holders; Waiver
.  

Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice
shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in
writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, or delivered by hand or
overnight courier, to each Holder affected by such event, at its address as it
appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date (if any), and
not earlier than the earliest date (if any), prescribed for the giving of such
notice. Neither the failure to mail or deliver by hand or overnight courier any
notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed or delivered by hand or overnight
courier, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice
with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any
manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive
such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the
equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the
Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of
any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of
any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such
notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute
a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.


 Section 1.7   Conflict with Trust Indenture Act
.  

If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of
the Trust Indenture Act that is required under the Trust Indenture Act to be a
part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control.  If any
provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust
Indenture Act, which may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall
be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the
case may be.


 Section 1.8   Effect of Headings and Table of Contents
.  

The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for
convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.


 Section 1.9   Successors and Assigns
.  

All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its
successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.


 Section 1.10   Separability Clause
.  

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of
the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired
thereby.


 Section 1.11   Benefits of Indenture
.  

Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall
give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors
hereunder, the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders, any benefit or any legal
or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.


 Section 1.12   Governing Law
.  

THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED UNDER
THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.


 Section 1.13   Legal Holidays
.  

In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated
Maturity of any Security or the last date on which a Holder has the right to
convert a Security at a particular conversion price or conversion rate, as the
case may be, shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then
(notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities
(other than a provision of any Security which specifically states that such
provision shall apply in lieu of this Section)) payment of interest or principal
(and premium, if any) or, if applicable to a particular series of Securities,
conversion need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be
made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same
force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, at
the Stated Maturity or on such last day for conversion, as the case may be.


 Section 1.14   Indenture and Securities Solely Corporate
Obligations
.  

No recourse for the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or
interest on any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect
thereof, and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of
the Company in this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture or in any
Security, or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby,
shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, employee, agent, officer, or
director or subsidiary, as such, past, present or future, of the Company or of
any successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any
successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of
law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being
expressly understood that all such liability is hereby expressly waived and
released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this
Indenture and the issue of the Securities.


 Section 1.15   Indenture May be Executed in
Counterparts

.  

This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which
shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one
and the same instrument.




ARTICLE 2



SECURITY FORMS 

 Section 2.1   Forms Generally
.  

The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in
this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant to a
Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case
with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations
as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters,
numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed
thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange
or Depositary therefor or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the
officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution thereof.  If
the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to
a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be
certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order
contemplated by Section 3.3 for the authentication and delivery of such
Securities.  Any such Board Resolution or record of such action shall have
attached thereto a true and correct copy of the form of Security referred to
therein approved by or pursuant to such Board Resolution.

The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel
engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by
the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such
Securities.


 Section 2.2   Form of Face of Security
.  

[INSERT ANY LEGEND REQUIRED BY THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AND THE
REGULATIONS THEREUNDER.]

8X8, INC.


____________________________________________________________________


NO. _____$___________

CUSIP: ___________

8X8, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of
Delaware (herein called the "Company," which term includes any
successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value
received, hereby promises to pay to _______________________________, or
registered assigns, the principal sum of
________________________________________ dollars on ____________ [if the
Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert - , and to pay
interest thereon from _________ or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to
which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually on ___________
and __________ in each year, commencing _______________, at the rate of ____%
per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment
[if applicable, insert - , provided that any principal and premium, and
any such installment of interest, which is overdue shall bear interest at the
rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be
legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or
made available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand].  The
interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest
Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose
name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the
close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be
the ___________ or ___________ (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may
be, next preceding such Interest Payment Date.  Any such interest not so
punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the
Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose
name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the
close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted
Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of
Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record
Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with
the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this
series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange,
all as more fully provided in said Indenture].

[If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert -
The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a
default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated
Maturity and in such case the overdue principal and any overdue premium shall
bear interest at the rate of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of
such interest shall be legally enforceable), from the dates such amounts are due
until they are paid or made available for payment.  Interest on any overdue
principal or premium shall be payable on demand.  [Any such interest on overdue
principal or premium which is not paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate
of ___% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest on interest
shall be legally enforceable), from the date of such demand until the amount so
demanded is paid or made available for payment. Interest on any overdue interest
shall be payable on demand.]]  

Payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and [if applicable,
insert - any such] interest on this Security will be made at the office or
agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in _____________________, in
such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment
is legal tender for payment of public and private debts [if applicable,
insert -; provided, however, that at the option of the Company
payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person
entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register].

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth
on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the
same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the
Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security
shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or
obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly
executed.

Dated: __________________









8X8, INC.

       By:______________________

           Title:_______________________

    ATTEST:

   
_____________________


 Section 2.3   Form of Reverse of Security
.  

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company
(herein called the "Securities"), issued and to be issued in one or
more series under an Indenture, dated as of ____________, 200_ (herein called
the "Indenture," which term shall have the meaning assigned to it in
such instrument), between the Company and ________________________________, as
Trustee (herein called the "Trustee," which term includes any
successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the
Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto for a statement of the
respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of
the Company, the Trustee, the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders of the
Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be,
authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on
the face hereof [if applicable, insert - , limited in aggregate principal
amount to $_________].

[If applicable, insert -- The Securities of this series are subject to
redemption upon not less than [if applicable, insert -- 30] days' notice
by mail, [if applicable, insert - (1) on _____________ in any year
commencing with the year _____ and ending with the year _____ through operation
of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the
principal amount, and (2)] at any time [if applicable, insert - on or
after _____________, 20__], as a whole or in part, at the election of the
Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the
principal amount): If redeemed [if applicable, insert - on or before
______________, ___%, and if redeemed] during the 12-month period beginning
________ of the years indicated,


	
Year
	
Redemption Price
	
Year
	
Redemption Price




and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to _____% of the principal amount,
together in the case of any such redemption [if applicable, insert -
(whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)] with accrued
interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity
is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such
Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of
business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as
provided in the Indenture.]

[If applicable, insert -The Securities of this series are subject to
redemption upon not less than [if applicable, insert - 30] days' notice by mail,
(1) on _________ in any year commencing with the year _____ and ending with
the year _____ through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the
Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund
(expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below,
and (2) at any time [if applicable, insert - on or after
__________], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the
Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking
fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table
below:  If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning ________ of the years
indicated,


	
Year
	
Redemption Price for 

Redemption Through 

Operation of the Sinking Fund
	
Redemption Price for Redemption Otherwise than
Through 

Operation of the Sinking Fund




and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to ___% of the principal amount,
together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the
sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but
interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption
Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more
Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant
Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the
Indenture.]

[If applicable, insert - Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company
may not, prior to __________, redeem any Securities of this series as
contemplated by [if applicable, insert - clause (2) of] the
preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation
by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an
interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted
financial practice) of less than ___% per annum.]

[If applicable, insert - The sinking fund for this series provides for
the redemption on ___________, in each year beginning with the year _____ and
ending with the year _____ of [if applicable, insert -- not less than
$__________ ("mandatory sinking fund") and not more than] $___________
aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series. Securities of this
series acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through [if
applicable, insert - mandatory] sinking fund payments may be credited
against subsequent [if applicable, insert - mandatory] sinking fund
payments otherwise required to be made if applicable, insert -, in the
inverse order in which they become due].]

[If the Security is subject to redemption of any kind, insert - In the
event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities
of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be
issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

[If applicable, insert - The Indenture contains provisions for
defeasance at any time of [the entire indebtedness of this Security] [or]
[certain restrictive covenants and Events of Default with respect to this
Security] [, in each case] upon compliance with certain conditions set forth in
the Indenture.]

[If the Security is convertible into other securities of the Company,
specify the conversion features.]

The indebtedness evidenced by this Security is, to the extent and in the
manner provided in the Indenture, subordinate and subject in right of payment to
the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt of the Company, and this Security
is issued subject to such provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto.
Each Holder of this Security, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and
shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee
on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to
effectuate the subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his
attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

[If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -
If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and
be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared
due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the
Indenture.]

[If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -  If
an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be
continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be
declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the
Indenture. Such amount shall be equal to - insert formula for determining the
amount. Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and
payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal, premium and interest
(in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally
enforceable), all of the Company's obligations in respect of the payment of the
principal of and premium and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series
shall terminate.]

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the
amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the
Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be
affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the
consent of the Holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the Securities at
the time Outstanding of each series to be affected.  The Indenture also contains
provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in principal amount
of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the
Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by the Company
with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the
Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of
this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all
future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration
of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not
notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder of
this Security shall not have the right to institute any proceeding with respect
to the Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee or for any
other remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given the
Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the
Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal
amount of the Securities of this series at the time Outstanding shall have made
written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event
of Default as Trustee and offered the Trustee reasonable indemnity, and the
Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of Securities of this series at the time Outstanding a direction
inconsistent with such request, and shall have failed to institute any such
proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of
indemnity.  The foregoing shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Holder
of this Security for the enforcement of any payment of principal hereof or any
premium or interest hereon on or after the respective due dates expressed
herein.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of
the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is
absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium and interest
on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency,
herein prescribed.

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set
forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register,
upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or
agency of the Company in any place where the principal of and any premium and
interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a
written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or its attorney duly
authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series
and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate
principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or
transferees.

The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form without
coupons in denominations of $_____ and any integral multiple thereof. As
provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth,
Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount
of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized
denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or
exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any
tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the
Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all
purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

All terms used in this Security that are defined in the Indenture shall have
the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.


 Section 2.4   Form of Legend for Global Securities
.  

Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for the
Securities evidenced thereby, every Global Security authenticated and delivered
hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: 

THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE
HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A
NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A
SECURITY REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE
REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE
THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE.


 Section 2.5   Form of Trustee's Certificate of
Authentication
.  

The Trustee's certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the
following form:

This is one of the Securities of the series designated herein referred to in
the within-mentioned Indenture.

________________

as Trustee

By: _________________

           Authorized Officer


 Section 2.6   Form of Conversion Notice 
.  

Unless otherwise as contemplated by Section 3.1 or in a supplemental
indenture for the Securities evidenced hereby, conversion notices shall be in
substantially the following form:


To 8X8, Inc.:

The undersigned owner of this Security hereby irrevocably exercises the
option to convert this Security, or portion hereof (which is $1,000 or an
integral multiple thereof) below designated, into shares of Common Stock of the
Company in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred to in this
Security, and directs that the shares issuable and deliverable upon the
conversion, together with any check in payment for fractional shares and any
Securities representing any unconverted principal amount hereof, be issued and
delivered to the registered holder hereof unless a different name has been
indicated below.  If shares are to be issued in the name of a person other than
the undersigned, the undersigned will pay all transfer taxes payable with
respect hereto. Any amount required to be paid by the undersigned on account of
interest accompanies this Security.

Principal Amount to be Converted

(in an integral multiple of $1,000, if less than all):

U.S. $_____________.

Dated: _____________________

Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution (banks,
stockbrokers, savings and loan associations and credit unions with membership in
an approved signature guarantee medallion program) pursuant to Securities and
Exchange Commission Rule 17Ad-15.

   _______________________

       Signature Guaranty

Fill in for registration of shares of Common Stock and Security if to be
issued otherwise than to the registered Holder.

_____________________             __________________________

       (Name)             Social Security or Other Taxpayer Identification Number


_____________________________

       Please print Name and Address

(including zip code)

[The above conversion notice is to be modified, as appropriate, for
conversion into other securities or property of the Company.]




ARTICLE 3



THE SECURITIES 

 Section 3.1   Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
.  

The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one
or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution
and, subject to Section 3.3, set forth, or determined in the manner
provided, in an Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more indentures
supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series,

	the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the
Securities of the series from Securities of any other series);
	any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the
series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for
Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in
exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to
Section 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 9.6 or 11.7 and except for any Securities which,
pursuant to Section 3.3, are deemed never to have been authenticated and
delivered hereunder);
	the Person to whom any interest on a Security of the series shall be
payable, if other than the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more
Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular
Record Date for such interest;
	the date or dates on which the principal of any Securities of the series is
payable;
	the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) at which any Securities
of the series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which any such
interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which any such interest
shall be payable and the Regular Record Date for any such interest payable on
any Interest Payment Date (or the method for determining the dates and
rates);
	the place or places where the principal of and any premium and interest on
any Securities of the series shall be payable;
	the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the
terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series may be redeemed, in
whole or in part, at the option of the Company and, if other than by a Board
Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to redeem the
Securities shall be evidenced;
	the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase any Securities
of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the
option of the Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price
or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the
series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such
obligation;
	if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the
denominations in which any Securities of the series shall be issuable;
	if the amount of principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities
of the series may be determined with reference to an index or pursuant to a
formula, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;
	if other than the currency of the United States of America, the currency,
currencies or currency units in which the principal of or any premium or
interest on any Securities of the series shall be payable and the manner of
determining the equivalent thereof in the currency of the United States of
America for any purpose, including for purposes of the definition of
"Outstanding" in Section 1.1;
	if the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities of the
series is to be payable, at the election of the Company or the Holder thereof,
in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which
such Securities are stated to be payable, the currency, currencies or currency
units in which the principal of or any premium or interest on such Securities as
to which such election is made shall be payable, the periods within which and
the terms and conditions upon which such election is to be made and the amount
so payable (or the manner in which such amount shall be determined);
	if other than the entire principal amount thereof, the portion of the
principal amount of any Securities of the series which shall be payable upon
declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 5.2;
	if the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of any Securities of
the series will not be determinable as of any one or more dates prior to the
Stated Maturity, the amount which shall be deemed to be the principal amount of
such Securities as of any such date for any purpose thereunder or hereunder,
including the principal amount thereof which shall be due and payable upon any
Maturity other than the Stated Maturity or which shall be deemed to be
Outstanding as of any date prior to the Stated Maturity (or, in any such case,
the manner in which such amount deemed to be the principal amount shall be
determined);
	if applicable, that the Securities of the series, in whole or any specified
part, shall be defeasible pursuant to Section 13.2 or Section 13.3 or
both such Sections, or any other defeasance provisions applicable to any
Securities of the series,  and, if other than by a Board Resolution, the manner
in which any election by the Company to defease such Securities shall be
evidenced;
	if applicable, the terms of any right to convert or exchange Securities of
the series into shares of Common Stock of the Company or other securities or
property;
	if applicable, that any Securities of the series shall be issuable in whole
or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and, in such case, the
respective Depositaries for such Global Securities, the form of any legend or
legends which shall be borne by any such Global Security in addition to or in
lieu of that set forth in Section 2.4 and any circumstances in addition to
or in lieu of those set forth in clause (2) of the last paragraph of
Section 3.5 in which any such Global Security may be exchanged in whole or
in part for Securities registered, and any transfer of such Global Security in
whole or in part may be registered, in the name or names of Persons other than
the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof;
	any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any
Securities of the series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the
requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due
and payable pursuant to Section 5.2;
	any addition to or change in the covenants set forth in Article 10
which applies to Securities of the series; 
	any Authenticating Agents, Paying Agents, Security Registrars or such other
agents necessary in connection with the issuance of the Securities of such
series, including, without limitation, exchange rate agents and calculation
agents;
	if applicable, the terms of any security that will be provided for a series
of Securities, including provisions regarding the circumstances under which
collateral may be released or substituted; 
	if applicable, the terms of any guaranties for the Securities and any
circumstances under which there may be additional obligors on the
Securities;
	any addition to or change in or modification to the subordinated provisions
of this Indenture relating to the Securities of that series (including the
provisions of Article 15), or different subordination provisions, including
a different definition of "Senior Debt" or "Designated Senior
Debt," will apply to Securities of the series; and
	any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with
the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by
Section 9.1(5)).



All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as
to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to the
Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to Section 3.3) set forth,
or determined in the manner provided, in the Officers' Certificate referred to
above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.

If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to
a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be
certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and
delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers'
Certificate setting forth the terms of the series.

The Securities shall be subordinated in right of payment to Senior Debt as
provided in Article 15.


 Section 3.2   Denominations
.  

The Securities of each series shall be issuable only in registered form
without coupons and only in such denominations as shall be specified as
contemplated by Section 3.1. In the absence of any such specified
denomination with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of
such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof.


 Section 3.3   Execution, Authentication, Delivery and
Dating
.  

The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of
the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its
principal financial officer, its President or one of its Vice Presidents,
attested by its Treasurer, its Secretary or one of its Assistant Treasurers or
Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities
may be manual or facsimile.

Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were
at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company,
notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such
offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not
hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this
Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the
Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the
authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance
with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. If the
form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established by or
pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 2.1 and 3.1,
in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities
under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be
entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 6.1) shall be fully protected
in relying upon, a copy of such Board Resolution, the Officers' Certificate
setting forth the terms of the series and an Opinion of Counsel, with such
Opinion of Counsel stating,

	if the form of such Securities has been established by or pursuant to Board
Resolution as permitted by Section 2.1, that such form has been established
in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
	if the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to
Board Resolution as permitted by Section 3.1, that such terms have been
established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and
	that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and
issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in
such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations
of the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to
bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and
similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors' rights
and to general equity principles.



If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be
required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities
pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or
immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner
which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3.1 and of the preceding
paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one
time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officers' Certificate otherwise
required pursuant to Section 3.1 or the Company Order and Opinion of
Counsel otherwise required pursuant to such preceding paragraph at or prior to
the authentication of each Security of such series if such documents are
delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first
Security of such series to be issued.

Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid
or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a
certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein
executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any
Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder
but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such
Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 3.9, for
all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been
authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture.

Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall have any responsibility for any
defect in the CUSIP number that appears on any Security, check, advice of
payment or redemption notice, and any such document may contain a statement to
the effect that CUSIP numbers have been assigned by an independent service for
convenience of reference and that neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be
liable for any inaccuracy in such numbers.


 Section 3.4   Temporary Securities
.  

Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company
may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed
or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the
tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with
such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as
the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their
execution of such Securities.

If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause
definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay.
After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary
Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of
such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the
office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without
charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more
temporary Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor one or more definitive
Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor
and aggregate principal amount. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of
any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this
Indenture as definitive Securities of such series and tenor.


 Section 3.5   Registration; Registration of Transfer and
Exchange
.  

The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other
office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes
collectively referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject
to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide
for the registration of Securities and of transfers of Securities.  The Trustee
is hereby appointed "Security Registrar" for the purpose of
registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided.

Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security of a series at
the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the
Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the
name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of
the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate
principal amount.

At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged for
other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like
tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be
exchanged at such office or agency.  Whenever any Securities are so surrendered
for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, the Securities that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to
receive.  

All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same
debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities
surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for
exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed,
or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to
the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or
its attorney duly authorized in writing.

No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange
of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover
any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any
registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges
pursuant to Section 3.4, 9.6 or 11.7 not involving any transfer.

If the Securities of any series (or of any series and specified tenor) are to
be redeemed in part, the Company shall not be required (A) to issue,
register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of that series (or of that
series and specified tenor, as the case may be) during a period beginning at the
opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of
redemption of any such Securities selected for redemption under
Section 11.3 and ending at the close of business on the day of such
mailing, or (B) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so
selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of
any Security being redeemed in part.

The provisions of clauses (1), (2), (3) and (4) below shall apply only
to Global Securities:

	Each Global Security authenticated under this Indenture shall be registered
in the name of the Depositary designated for such Global Security or a nominee
thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian
therefor, and each such Global Security shall constitute a single Security for
all purposes of this Indenture.
	Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, no Global Security
may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities registered, and no transfer
of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any
Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof
unless (A) such Depositary (i) has notified the Company that it is
unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or
(ii) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act,
(B) there shall have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default with
respect to such Global Security or (C) there shall exist such
circumstances, if any, in addition to or in lieu of the foregoing as have been
specified for this purpose as contemplated by Section 3.1.
	Subject to clause (2) above, any exchange of a Global Security for
other Securities may be made in whole or in part, and all Securities issued in
exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be registered in
such names as the Depositary for such Global Security shall direct.
	Every Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of,
or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security or any portion thereof,
whether pursuant to this Section, Section 3.4, 3.6, 9.6 or 11.7 or
otherwise, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a
Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the name of a Person
other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee
thereof.



 Section 3.6   Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen
Securities
.  

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a
new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and
bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence
to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and
(ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of
them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to
the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide
purchaser, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security
of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number
not contemporaneously outstanding.

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or
is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead
of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may
require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including
the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of
any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional
contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or
stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be
entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with
any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder.

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.


 Section 3.7   Payment of Interest; Interest Rights
Preserved
.  

Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 3.1 or in a
supplemental indenture with respect to any series of Securities, interest on any
Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any
Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security
(or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business
on the Regular Record Date for such interest.

Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is not
punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein
called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to
the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such
Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election
in each case, as provided in clause (1) or (2) below:

	The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the
Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective
Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special
Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in
the following manner.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the
amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series
and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall
deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount
proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make
arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of
the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the
benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause
provided.  Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment
of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be not more than 15 days and not less
than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days
after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment.  The
Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in
the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed
payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be
given to each Holder of Securities of such series in the manner set forth in
Section 1.6, not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date.
Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record
Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to
the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective
Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special
Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following
clause (2).
	The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities of
any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of
any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such
notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the
Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such
manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.



Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered
under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in
lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and
unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.


 Section 3.8   Persons Deemed Owners
.  

Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the
Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security
for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of and any premium and
(subject to Section 3.7) any interest on such Security and for all other
purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the
Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be
affected by notice to the contrary.


 Section 3.9   Cancellation
.  

All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer
or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered
to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be
promptly canceled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for
cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder
which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to
the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for
cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company
has not issued and sold, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly
canceled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in
exchange for any Securities canceled as provided in this Section, except as
expressly permitted by this Indenture.  All canceled Securities held by the
Trustee shall be disposed of in accordance with its customary procedures.


 Section 3.10   Computation of Interest
.  

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for
Securities of any series or in a supplemental indenture with respect to any
series of Securities, interest on the Securities of each series shall be
computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.



ARTICLE 4



SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE 

 Section 4.1   Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
.  

This Indenture shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect
(except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, at the expense of
the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, when

	either

	all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than
(i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have
been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.6 and (ii) Securities
for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated
and held in trust by the Trustee or the Company and thereafter repaid to the
Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 10.3) have
been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
	all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation

	have become due and payable, or
	will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year,
or
	are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements
satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the
Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, 




and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for
the purpose money in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire
indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation, for principal and any premium and interest to the date of such
deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or to the
Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be;

	the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder
by the Company; and
	the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an
Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided
for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been
complied with.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.7, the
obligations of the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.14
and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to
subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the
Trustee under Section 4.2 and the last paragraph of Section 10.3 shall
survive.


 Section 4.2   Application of Trust Money
.  

Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 10.3, all
money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1 shall be held in
trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and
this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent
(including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may
determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal and any premium and
interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee.



ARTICLE 5



REMEDIES 

 Section 5.1   Events of Default
.  

"Event of Default," wherever used herein with respect to Securities
of any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for
such Event of Default and whether it shall be occasioned by the provisions of
Article 15 or be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of
law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule
or regulation of any administrative or governmental body), unless in the Board
Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate establishing such
series, it is provided that such series shall not have the benefit of said Event
of Default:

	default in the payment of any interest upon any Security of that series when
it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30
days; or
	default in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security of
that series at its Maturity; or
	default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due by the
terms of a Security of that series; or
	default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the
Company in this Indenture (other than a covenant or warranty a default in whose
performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with
or which has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of
series of Securities other than that series), and continuance of such default or
breach for a period of 90 days after there has been given, by registered or
certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee
by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of that series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring
it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of
Default" hereunder; or
	the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of (A) a
decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or
proceeding under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or other similar law or (B) a decree or order adjudging the
Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition
seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect
of the Company under any applicable Federal or State law, or appointing a
custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other
similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or
ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of
any such decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed
and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days; or
	the commencement by the Company of a voluntary case or proceeding under any
applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other
similar law or of any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated a bankrupt or
insolvent, or the consent by it to the entry of a decree or order for relief in
respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable
Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or
to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against
it, or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking
reorganization or relief under any applicable Federal or State law, or the
consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking
possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator
or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its
property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or
the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as
they become due, or the taking of corporate action by the Company in furtherance
of any such action; or
	any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that
series in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate
establishing that series.



 Section 5.2   Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and
Annulment
.  

Unless the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers' Certificate
establishing such series provides otherwise, if an Event of Default (other than
an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or 5.1(6)) with respect to
Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then
in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series may declare the principal
amount of all the Securities of that series (or, if any Securities of that
series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal
amount of such Securities as may be specified by the terms thereof), and
premium, if any, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, to
be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to
the Trustee if given by the Holders), and upon any such declaration such
principal amount (or specified amount), and premium, if any, together with
accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon, shall become immediately due and
payable. If an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or 5.1(6) with
respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding occurs, the
principal amount of all the Securities of that series (or, if any Securities of
that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the
principal amount of such Securities as may be specified by the terms thereof),
and premium, if any, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon,
shall automatically, and without any declaration or other action on the part of
the Trustee or any Holder, become immediately due and payable.  Any payments by
the Company on the Securities following any such acceleration will be subject to
the subordination provisions of Article 15 to the extent provided
therein.

At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for
payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this
Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the
Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if

	the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to
pay

	all overdue interest on all Securities of that series,
	the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Securities of that series
which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and any
interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such
Securities,
	to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue
interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and
	all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel; and



	all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series, other than
the non-payment of the principal of Securities of that series that have become
due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as
provided in Section 5.13.  

No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereon.


 Section 5.3   Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for
Enforcement by Trustee
.  


The Company covenants that if

	default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such
interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30
days, or
	default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on)
any Security at the Maturity thereof, the Company will, upon demand of the
Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole
amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium and
interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally
enforceable, interest on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue
interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in
addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs
and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.



If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is
continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its
rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such
appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to
protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any
covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power
granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.


 Section 5.4   Trustee May File Proofs of Claim
.  

In case of any judicial proceeding relative to the Company (or any other
obligor upon the Securities), its property or its creditors, the Trustee shall
be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, to
take any and all actions authorized under the Trust Indenture Act in order to
have claims of the Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such proceeding.  In
particular, the Trustee shall be authorized to collect and receive any moneys or
other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the
same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator
or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized
by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the
Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to
pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.7.  No provision of this Indenture
shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or
adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder
thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any
Holder in any such proceeding; provided, however, that the Trustee
may, on behalf of the Holders, vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy
or similar official and be a member of a creditors' or other similar
committee.


 Section 5.5   Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities
.  

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be
prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the
Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any
such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as
trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision
for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and
advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of
the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been
recovered.


 Section 5.6   Application of Money Collected
.  

Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied
in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case
of the distribution of such money on account of principal or any premium or
interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the
payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

FIRST:  To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.7;


SECOND:  Subject to Article 15, to the payment of the amounts then due
and unpaid for principal of and any premium, if any, and interest on the
Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been
collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the
amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium, if
any, and interest, respectively; and

THIRD:  The balance, if any, to the Company or any other Person or Persons
entitled thereto.


 Section 5.7   Limitation on Suits
.  

No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any
proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the
appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder,
unless

	such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a
continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series;
	the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to the
Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own
name as Trustee hereunder;
	such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity
against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with
such request;
	the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer
of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and
	no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the
Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series; 



it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall
have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any
other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference
over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture,
except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of
all of such Holders.


 Section 5.8   Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive
Principal, Premium and Interest and to Convert
.  

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any
Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive
payment of the principal of and any premium and (subject to Section 3.7)
interest on such Security on the respective Stated Maturities expressed in such
Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date), to convert
such Securities in accordance with Article 14 to the extent that such right
to convert is applicable to such Security, and to institute suit for the
enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without
the consent of such Holder.


 Section 5.9   Restoration of Rights and Remedies
.  

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any
right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued
or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or
to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in
such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored
severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter
all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though
no such proceeding had been instituted.


 Section 5.10   Rights and Remedies Cumulative
.  

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of
Section 3.6, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the
Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or
remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be
cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or
now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise.  The assertion or
employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the
concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.


 Section 5.11   Delay or Omission Not Waiver
.  

No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to
exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any
such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an
acquiescence therein.  Every right and remedy given by this Article or by
law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as
often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee (subject to the limitations
contained in this Indenture) or by the Holders, as the case may be.


 Section 5.12   Control by Holders
.  

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of
such series, provided that

	such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this
Indenture and the Trustee shall not have determined that the action so directed
would be unjustly prejudicial to Holders of Securities of that series, or any
other series, not taking part in such direction; and
	the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is
not inconsistent with such direction or this Indenture.



 Section 5.13   Waiver of Past Defaults
.  

The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the
Securities of such series waive any past default hereunder with respect to such
series and its consequences, except

	a default in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on
any Security of such series as and when the same shall become due and payable by
the terms thereof, otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been
cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest,
principal and premium, if any, has been deposited with the Trustee), or
	to the extent such right is applicable to such Security, a failure by the
Company on request to convert any Security into Common Stock; or
	in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article 9
cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each
Outstanding Security of such series affected.



Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of
Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose
of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other
default or impair any right consequent thereon.


 Section 5.14   Undertaking for Costs
.  

In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture,
or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by
it as Trustee, a court may require any party litigant in such suit to file an
undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and may assess costs against any such
party litigant, in the manner and to the extent provided in the Trust Indenture
Act; provided that neither this Section nor the Trust Indenture Act shall be
deemed to authorize any court to require such an undertaking or to make such an
assessment in any suit instituted by the Company or in any suit for the
enforcement of the right to convert any Security in accordance with
Article 14.


 Section 5.15   Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension
Laws
.  

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will
not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take
the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted,
now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may
lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law
and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any
power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of
every such power as though no such law had been enacted.



ARTICLE 6



THE TRUSTEE 

 Section 6.1   Certain Duties and Responsibilities
.  

The duties and responsibilities of the Trustee shall be as provided by the
Trust Indenture Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this
Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise
incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder,
or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable
grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against
such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.  Whether or not therein
expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct
or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be
subject to the provisions of this Section. 


 Section 6.2   Notice of Defaults
.  

If a default occurs hereunder with respect to Securities of any series, the
Trustee shall give the Holders of Securities of such series notice of such
default as and to the extent provided by the Trust Indenture Act;
provided, however, that except in the case of a default in the
payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of
such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment or any conversion
right applicable to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in
withholding such notice if and so long as a trust committee of directors and/or
Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding
of such notice is in the interests of the holders of Securities of such series;
provided, further, however, that in the case of any default
of the character specified in Section 5.1(4) with respect to Securities of
such series, no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 60 days
after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section, the term
"default" means any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or
both would become, an Event of Default with respect to Securities of such
series.

Except with respect to Section 10.1, the Trustee shall have no duty to
inquire as to the performance of the Company with respect to the covenants
contained in Article 10.  In addition, the Trustee shall not be deemed to
have knowledge of an Event of Default except (i) any Default or Event of
Default occurring pursuant to Sections 5.1(1), 5.1(2) and 5.1(3) (defaults
in payments on the Securities) or (ii) any Default or Event of Default of
which the Trustee shall have received written notification or obtained actual
knowledge.

Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee under
Section 7.4 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of
the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information
contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including
the Company's compliance with any of their covenants hereunder (as to which the
Trustee is entitled to rely conclusively on Officers' Certificates).


 Section 6.3   Certain Rights of Trustee
.  

Subject to the provisions of Section 6.1:

	in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may rely
and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution,
certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other
paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or
presented by the proper party or parties;
	any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be
sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order, and any resolution
of the Board of Directors shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board
Resolution;
	whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it
desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or
omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein
specifically prescribed) is entitled to and may, in the absence of bad faith on
its part, rely upon an Officers' Certificate;
	the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel
or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and
protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder
in good faith and in reliance thereon;
	the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or
powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the
Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to
the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and
liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or
direction;
	the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or
matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion,
report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other
evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its
discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or
matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such
further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books,
records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney;
and
	the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any
duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the
Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of
any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder.



 Section 6.4   Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of
Securities
.  

The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee's
certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company,
and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility
for their correctness.  The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity,
sufficiency or priority of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the
Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or
application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.


 Section 6.5   May Hold Securities and Act as Trustee under Other
Indentures
.  

The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security
Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other
capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to
Sections 6.8 and 6.13, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same
rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent,
Security Registrar or such other agent.

Subject to the limitations imposed by the Trust Indenture Act, nothing in
this Indenture shall prohibit the Trustee from becoming and acting as trustee
under other indentures under which other securities, or certificates of interest
of participation in other securities, of the Company are outstanding in the same
manner as if it were not Trustee hereunder.


 Section 6.6   Money Held in Trust
.  

Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from
other funds except to the extent required by law.  The Trustee shall be under no
liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise
agreed with the Company.


 Section 6.7   Compensation and Reimbursement
.  

The Company agrees:

	to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all
services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited by
any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express
trust);
	except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon
its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or
made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture
(including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its
agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be
attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and
	to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss,
liability or expense incurred without negligence or bad faith on its part,
arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the
trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself
against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of
any of its powers or duties hereunder.



When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of
Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or Section 5.1(6) hereof occurs,
the expenses and the compensation for the services (including the fees and
expenses of its agents and counsel) are intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or
similar law.


 Section 6.8   Conflicting Interests
.  

If the Trustee has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning
of the Trust Indenture Act and there is an Event of Default under the Securities
of that series, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign, to
the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of, the
Trust Indenture Act and this Indenture. To the extent permitted by the Trust
Indenture Act, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest by
virtue of being a trustee under this Indenture with respect to Securities of
more than one series.


 Section 6.9   Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility
.  

There shall at all times be one (and only one) Trustee hereunder with respect
to the Securities of each series, which may be Trustee hereunder for Securities
of one or more other series.  Each Trustee shall be a Person that is eligible
pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act to act as such and has (or if the Trustee is
a member of a bank holding company system, its bank holding company has) a
combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If any such Person or bank
holding company publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to
law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, then for
the purposes of this Section and to the extent permitted by the Trust Indenture
Act, the combined capital and surplus of such Person or bank holding company
shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most
recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee with respect
to the Securities of any series shall cease to be eligible in accordance with
the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and
with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.


 Section 6.10   Resignation and Removal; Appointment of
Successor
.  

No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor
Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of
appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable
requirements of Section 6.11.  The Trustee may resign at any time with
respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof
to the Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required
by Section 6.11 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days
after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any
series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the
Company.

If at any time:

	the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 6.8 after written request
therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a
Security for at least six months, or
	the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.9 and shall fail
to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Holder,
or
	the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt
or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed
or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its
property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or
liquidation, then, in any such case, (A) the Company by a Board Resolution
may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (B) subject to
Section 5.14, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for
at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with
respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or
Trustees.



If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if
a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to
the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall
promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities
of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may
be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series
and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the
Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable
requirements of Section 6.11.  If, within one year after such resignation,
removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the
Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee
so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in
accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11, become the
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that
extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company.  If no
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been
so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment in the
manner required by Section 6.11, the retiring Trustee may petition, or any
Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least
six months may petition, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of such successor
Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the
Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series to all Holders of
Securities of such series in the manner provided in Section 1.6. Each
notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.


 Section 6.11   Acceptance of Appointment by Successor
.  

In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to
all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute,
acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument
accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any
further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights,
powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the
Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of
its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor
Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly
assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money
held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to
the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring
Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more
series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each
successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain
such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to,
and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series
to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the
retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain
such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all
the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to
the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not
retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall
add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary
to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more
than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such
supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same
trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder
separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other
such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture
the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the
extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further
act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts
and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or
those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on
request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall
duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and
money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of
that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee
relates.

Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and
all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such
successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the first or
second preceding paragraph, as the case may be.

No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such
acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this
Article.


 Section 6.12   Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business
.  

Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with
which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business
of the Trustee (including the administration of the trust created by this
Indenture), shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such
corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article,
without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated,
but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger,
conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such
authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect
as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.  In the
event that any Securities shall not have been authenticated by such predecessor
Trustee, any such successor Trustee may authenticate and deliver such Securities
in either its own name or that of a predecessor Trustee, with the full force and
effect which this Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of
the Trustee.


 Section 6.13   Preferential Collection of Claims Against
Company
.  

If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company (or any
other obligor upon the Securities), the Trustee shall be subject to the
provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against
the Company (or any such other obligor).


 Section 6.14   Appointment of Authenticating Agent
.  

The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one
or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the
Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon original issue and
upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or
pursuant to Section 3.6, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled
to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all
purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder.  Wherever reference is
made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the
Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be
deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an
Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of
the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent.  Each Authenticating Agent shall be
acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and
doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof
or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating
Agent, having (or if the Authenticating Agent is a member of a bank holding
company system, its bank holding company has) a combined capital and surplus of
not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal
or State authority.  If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition
at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or
examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital
and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined
capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so
published.  If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in
accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall
resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this
Section.

Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted
or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any
merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be
a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate
trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an
Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible
under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further
act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice
thereof to the Trustee and to the Company.  The Trustee may at any time
terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof
to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company.  Upon receiving such a notice
of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating
Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give notice of such
appointment in the manner provided in Section 1.6 to all Holders of
Securities of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will
serve.  Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment
hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its
predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an
Authenticating Agent.  No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed
unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

The Trustee agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time
reasonable compensation for its services under this Section, and the Trustee
shall be entitled to be reimbursed for such payments, subject to the provisions
of Section 6.7.

If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this
Section 6.12, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in
lieu of the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an alternative certificate
of authentication in the following form:

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in
the within-mentioned Indenture.

________________,

as Trustee

By: _________________

           as Authenticating Agent

By: _________________

           Authorized Officer



ARTICLE 7



HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND
COMPANY 

 Section 7.1   Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of
Holders
.  

The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee

	semi-annually, not later than 15 days after the Regular Record Date for each
respective series of Securities, a list, in such form as the Trustee may
reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities of
each series as of such Regular Record Date, as the case may be, or if there is
no Regular Record Date for such series of Securities, semi-annually, and
	at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days
after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and
content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is
furnished; 



provided that no such list need be furnished by the Company to the Trustee so
long as the Trustee is acting as Security Registrar.


 Section 7.2   Preservation of Information; Communications to
Holders
.  

The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent
list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 and the names and
addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security
Registrar.  The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in
Section 7.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

The rights of Holders to communicate with other Holders with respect to their
rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding
rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided by the Trust
Indenture Act.  Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same,
agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee
nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of any
disclosure of information as to names and addresses of Holders made pursuant to
the Trust Indenture Act.


 Section 7.3   Reports by Trustee
.  

The Trustee shall transmit to Holders such reports concerning the Trustee and
its actions under this Indenture as may be required pursuant to the Trust
Indenture Act at the times and in the manner provided pursuant thereto.

Reports so required to be transmitted at stated intervals of not more than 12
months shall be transmitted no later than July 15 in each calendar year,
commencing with the first July 15 after the first issuance of Securities
pursuant to this Indenture.

A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to
Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any
Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company.  The Company
will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock
exchange.


 Section 7.4   Reports by Company
.  

The Company shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, and transmit to
Holders, such information, documents and other reports, and such summaries
thereof, as may be required pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act at the times and
in the manner provided pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act; provided that any
such information, documents or reports required to be filed with the Commission
pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act shall be filed with the
Trustee within 15 days after the same is so required to be filed with the
Commission.



ARTICLE 8



CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR
LEASE 

 Section 8.1   Company May Consolidate, etc., Only on
Certain Terms.

The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any
other Person (in a transaction in which the Company is not the surviving
corporation) or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets
substantially as an entirety to any Person, unless:

	in case the Company shall consolidate with or merge into another Person (in
a transaction in which the Company is not the surviving corporation) or convey,
transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any
Person, the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is
merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or transfer, or which leases,
the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall be a
corporation, limited liability company, partnership or trust, shall be organized
and validly existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State
thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture
supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory
to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium
and interest on all the Securities and the performance or observance of every
covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or
observed and the conversion rights shall be provided for in accordance with
Article 14, if applicable, or as otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 3.1, by supplemental indenture satisfactory in form to the Trustee,
executed and delivered to the Trustee, by the Person (if other than the Company)
formed by such consolidation or into which the Company shall have been merged or
by the Person which shall have acquired the Company's assets;
	immediately after giving effect to such transaction and treating any
indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary as a
result of such transaction as having been incurred by the Company or such
Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event
which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default,
shall have occurred and be continuing; and
	the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an
Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance,
transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection
with such transaction, such supplemental indenture comply with this Article and
that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction
have been complied with.



 Section 8.2   Successor Substituted
.  

Upon any consolidation of the Company with, or merger of the Company into,
any other Person or any conveyance, transfer or lease of the properties and
assets of the Company substantially as an entirety in accordance with
Section 8.1, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or into
which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is
made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and
power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such
successor Person had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in
the case of a lease, the predecessor Person shall be relieved of all obligations
and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.



ARTICLE 9



SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

 Section 9.1   Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of
Holders
.  

Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a Board
Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into
one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee,
for any of the following purposes:

	to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, or successive
successions, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the
Company herein and in the Securities in compliance with Article 8; or
	to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all
or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of
less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly
being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right
or power herein conferred upon the Company; or
	to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the Holders of
all or any series of Securities (and if such additional Events of Default are to
be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such
additional Events of Default are expressly being included solely for the benefit
of such series); or
	to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent
as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in
bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without
interest coupons, or to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in
uncertificated form; or
	to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture in
respect of one or more series of Securities, provided that any such addition,
change or elimination (A) shall neither (i) apply to any Security of
any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and
entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (ii) modify the rights of the
Holder of any such Security with respect to such provision or (B) shall
become effective only when there is no such Security Outstanding; or
	to secure the Securities, including provisions regarding the circumstances
under which collateral may be released or substituted; or
	to add or provide for a guaranty of the Securities or additional obligors on
the Securities; or
	to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by
Sections 2.1 and 3.1; or
	to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a
successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to
add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary
to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more
than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.11; or
	to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein which
may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make any
other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this
Indenture, provided that such action pursuant to this clause (10) shall not
adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series in any
material respect; or
	to supplement any of the provisions of the Indenture to such extent as shall
be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and discharge of any series
of Securities pursuant to Articles 4 and 13, provided that any such action
shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of such
series or any other series of Securities in any material respect.



 Section 9.2   Supplemental Indentures with Consent of
Holders
.  

With the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture,
by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company,
when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an
indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any
provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of
this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of
Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however,
that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of
each Outstanding Security affected thereby,

	change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of
principal of or interest on, any Security, or reduce the principal amount
thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the
redemption thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue
Discount Security or any other Security which would be due and payable upon a
declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 5.2, or change the coin or currency in which, any Security or any
premium or interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit
for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof
(or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date), or modify the
provisions of this Indenture with respect to the subordination of such series of
Securities in a manner adverse to the Holders of Securities of such series, or,
in the case of Securities of any series that are convertible into Securities or
other securities of the Company, adversely affect the right of Holders to
convert any of the Securities of such series other than as provided in or
pursuant to this Indenture, or
	reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of
any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental
indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of
compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults
hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Indenture, or
	modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 5.13 or
Section 10.8, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that
certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without
the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby;
provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require
the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to "the
Trustee" and concomitant changes in this Section and Section 10.8, or
the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of
Sections 6.11 and 9.1(8), or
	if applicable, make any change that adversely affects the right to convert
any security as provided in Article 14 or pursuant to Section 3.1
(except as permitted by Section 9.1(9)).



A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other
provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the
benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the
rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant
or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to
approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall
be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.


 Section 9.3   Execution of Supplemental Indentures
.  

In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental
indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts
created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and
(subject to Sections 6.1 and 6.3) shall be fully protected in relying upon,
an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture
is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.  The Trustee may, but shall not be
obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the
Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or
otherwise.


 Section 9.4   Effect of Supplemental Indentures
.  

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this
Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental
indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder
of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder
shall be bound thereby.


 Section 9.5   Conformity with Trust Indenture Act
.  

Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform
to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act.


 Section 9.6    Reference in Securities to Supplemental
Indentures

.  

Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of
any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required
by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter
provided for in such supplemental indenture.  If the Company shall so determine,
new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the
Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and
executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in
exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.



ARTICLE 10



COVENANTS 

 Section 10.1   Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest
.  

The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities
that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any premium and
interest on the Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of the
Securities and this Indenture.


 Section 10.2   Maintenance of Office or Agency
.  

The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of
Securities an office or agency where Securities of that series may be presented
or surrendered for payment, where Securities of that series may be surrendered
for registration of transfer or exchange, where Securities of that series may be
surrendered for conversion and where notices and demands to or upon the Company
in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served.
The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and
any change in the location, of such office or agency.  If at any time the
Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail
to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all
such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.  Unless otherwise provided
in a supplemental indenture or pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof, the Place of
Payment for any series of Securities shall be the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or
agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or
surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such
designations; provided, however, that no such designation or
rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain
an office or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any series for
such purposes.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of
any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such
other office or agency.


 Section 10.3   Money for Securities Payments to be Held in
Trust
.  

If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to
any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal
of or any premium or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate
and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum
sufficient to pay the principal and any premium and interest so becoming due
until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein
provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to
act.

Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of
Securities, it will, on or prior to each due date of the principal of or any
premium or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying
Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held as provided by
the Trust Indenture Act, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the
Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other
than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which
such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of
this Section, that such Paying Agent will (1) comply with the provisions of
the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and (2) during
the continuance of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the
Securities of that series) in the making of any payment in respect of the
Securities of that series, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith
pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent for payment in
respect of the Securities of that series.

The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company
Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by
the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the
same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such
Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such
Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such
money.

Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the
Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest
on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for a period ending on the
earlier of the date that is ten Business Days prior to the date such money would
escheat to the State or two years after such principal, premium or interest has
become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if
then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of
such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to
the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying
Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as
trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that
the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such
repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a
newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each
Business Day and of general circulation in each Place of Payment, notice that
such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which
shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed
balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.


 Section 10.4   Statement by Officers as to Default
.  

The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of
each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers'
Certificate, stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signers thereof
the Company is in default in the performance and observance of any of the terms,
provisions and conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of
grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Company shall be
in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of
which they may have knowledge.  The fiscal year of the Company currently ends on
December 31; and the Company will give the Trustee prompt written notice of any
change of its fiscal year.


 Section 10.5   Existence
.  

Subject to Article 8, the Company will do or cause to be done all things
necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence.


 Section 10.6   Waiver of Certain Covenants
.  

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for
Securities of such series, the Company may, with respect to the Securities of
any series, omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision
or condition set forth in any covenant provided pursuant to
Section 3.1(19), 9.1(2) or 9.1(7) for the benefit of the Holders of such
series if before the time for such compliance the Holders of at least a majority
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall, by Act
of such Holders, either waive such compliance in such instance or generally
waive compliance with such term, provision or condition, but no such waiver
shall extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent
so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the
obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of any such
term, provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect.





ARTICLE 11



REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES 

 Section 11.1   Applicability of Article
.  

Securities of any series that are redeemable before their Stated Maturity
shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for such Securities) in accordance
with this Article.


 Section 11.2   Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee
.  

The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a
Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated by
Section 3.1 for such Securities. In case of any redemption at the election
of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series (including any such
redemption affecting only a single Security), the Company shall, at least 45
days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice
shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption
Date, of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed and,
if applicable, of the tenor of the Securities to be redeemed. In the case of any
redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such
redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this
Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate
evidencing compliance with such restriction.


 Section 11.3   Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be
Redeemed
.  

If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed (unless all
the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be redeemed or
unless such redemption affects only a single Security), the particular
Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 45 days prior to the
Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series
not previously called for redemption, by lot, or in the Trustee's discretion, on
a pro-rata basis, provided that the unredeemed portion of the principal amount
of any Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less
than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security.  If less than all
the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be redeemed
(unless such redemption affects only a single Security), the particular
Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 45 days prior to the
Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series
and specified tenor not previously called for redemption in accordance with the
preceding sentence.

If any Security selected for partial redemption is converted in part before
termination of the conversion right with respect to the portion of the Security
so selected, the converted portion of such Security shall be deemed (so far as
may be) to be the portion selected for redemption.  Securities that have been
converted during a selection of Securities to be redeemed shall be treated by
the Trustee as Outstanding for the purpose of such selection.

The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities
selected for redemption as aforesaid and, in case of any Securities selected for
partial redemption as aforesaid, the principal amount thereof to be
redeemed.

The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall not apply with respect
to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such Security is to
be redeemed in whole or in part.  In the case of any such redemption in part,
the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of the Security shall be in an
authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized
denomination) for such Security.

For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires,
all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the
case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion
of the principal amount of such Securities which has been or is to be
redeemed.


 Section 11.4   Notice of Redemption
.  

Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid,
mailed not fewer than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date,
unless a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed, to each
Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at its address appearing in the Security
Register.

All notices of redemption shall state:

	the Redemption Date,
	the Redemption Price (including accrued interest, if any),
	if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series consisting of more
than a single Security are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case
of partial redemption of any such Securities, the principal amounts) of the
particular Securities to be redeemed and, if less than all the Outstanding
Securities of any series consisting of a single Security are to be redeemed, the
principal amount of the particular Security to be redeemed,
	in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, that on and after the
Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, the Holder of such Security
will receive, without charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized
denominations for the principal amount thereof remaining unredeemed,
	that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due and payable
upon each such Security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon
will cease to accrue on and after said date,
	the place or places where each such Security is to be surrendered for
payment of the Redemption Price,
	if applicable, the conversion price or the conversion rate, as the case may
be, the date on which the right to convert the principal of the Securities or
the portions thereof to be redeemed will terminate, and the place or places
where such Securities may be surrendered for conversion, 
	that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case, and
	the CUSIP number or numbers and/or common codes of the Security being
redeemed.



Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the
Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company and shall be
irrevocable.


 Section 11.5   Deposit of Redemption Price
.  

On or prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the
Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying
Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10.3) an amount
of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the
Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the
Securities which are to be redeemed on that date.

If any Security called for redemption is converted, any money deposited with
the Trustee or with a Paying Agent or so segregated and held in trust for the
redemption of such Security shall (subject to the right of any Holder of such
Security to receive interest as provided in the last paragraph of
Section 3.7) be paid to the Company on Company Request, or if then held by
the Company, shall be discharged from such trust.


 Section 11.6   Securities Payable on Redemption Date
.  

Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be
redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption
Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company shall
default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such
Securities shall cease to bear interest.  Upon surrender of any such Security
for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Security shall be paid by
the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to the
Redemption Date; provided, however, that, unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 3.1, installments of interest whose
Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date will be payable to the
Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as
such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their
terms and the provisions of Section 3.7.

If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender
thereof for redemption, the principal and any premium shall, until paid, bear
interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the
Security.


 Section 11.7   Securities Redeemed in Part
.  

Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at a
Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due
endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the
Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or its attorney
duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service
charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and of like tenor, of
any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal
amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of
the Security so surrendered.



ARTICLE 12



SINKING FUNDS 

 Section 12.1   Applicability of Article
.  

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for
the retirement of Securities of any series except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 3.1 for such Securities.

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of
any Securities is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund
payment," and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by
the terms of such Securities is herein referred to as an "optional sinking
fund payment."  If provided for by the terms of any Securities, the cash
amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in
Section 12.2.  Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption
of Securities as provided for by the terms of such Securities.


 Section 12.2   Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with
Securities
.  

The Company (1) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series (other
than any previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as a credit
Securities of a series which have been redeemed either at the election of the
Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of
permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such
Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund
payment with respect to any Securities of such series required to be made
pursuant to the terms of such Securities as and to the extent provided for by
the terms of such Securities; provided that the Securities to be so credited
have not been previously so credited.  The Securities to be so credited shall be
received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price,
as specified in the Securities so to be redeemed, for redemption through
operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall
be reduced accordingly.


 Section 12.3   Redemption of Securities for Sinking
Fund
.  

Not fewer than 60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any
Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for such
Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, the portion thereof, if
any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if
any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities pursuant to
Section 12.2 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so
delivered.  Not fewer than 30 days prior to each such sinking fund payment date,
the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund
payment date in the manner specified in Section 11.3 and cause notice of
the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the
Company in the manner provided in Section 11.4.  Such notice having been
duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and
in the manner stated in Sections 11.6 and 11.7.



ARTICLE 13



DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE 

 Section 13.1   Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance
.  

The Company may elect, at its option at any time, to have Section 13.2
or Section 13.3 applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as
the case may be, designated pursuant to Section 3.1 as being defeasible
pursuant to such Section 13.2 or 13.3, in accordance with any applicable
requirements provided pursuant to Section 3.1 and upon compliance with the
conditions set forth below in this Article.  Any such election shall be
evidenced by a Board Resolution or in another manner specified as contemplated
by Section 3.1 for such Securities.


 Section 13.2   Defeasance and Discharge
.  

Upon the Company's exercise of its option (if any) to have this
Section applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case
may be, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its
obligations, and the provisions of Article 15 shall cease to be effective,
with respect to such Securities as provided in this Section on and after the
date the conditions set forth in Section 13.4 are satisfied (hereinafter
called "Defeasance").  For this purpose, such Defeasance means that
the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness
represented by such Securities and to have satisfied all its other obligations
under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are
concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper
instruments acknowledging the same), subject to the following which shall
survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:

	the rights of Holders of such Securities to receive, solely from the trust
fund described in Section 13.4 and as more fully set forth in such Section,
payments in respect of the principal of and any premium and interest on such
Securities when payments are due,
	the Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under
Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 10.2 and 10.3, and, if applicable,
Article 14,
	the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder,
and
	this Article.



Subject to compliance with this Article, the Company may exercise its option
(if any) to have this Section applied to any Securities notwithstanding the
prior exercise of its option (if any) to have Section 13.3 applied to such
Securities.


 Section 13.3   Covenant Defeasance
.  

Upon the Company's exercise of its option (if any) to have this Section
applied to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case may be,

	the Company shall be released from its obligations under any covenants
provided pursuant to Sections 3.1(19), 9.1(2) or 9.1(7) for the benefit of
the Holders of such Securities,
	the occurrence of any event specified in Section 5.1(4) (with respect
to any such covenants provided pursuant to Section 3.1(19), 9.1(2) or
9.1(7)) and the occurrence of any Event of Default specified pursuant to
Section 3.1 shall be deemed not to be or result in an Event of Default,
and
	the provisions of Article 15 shall cease to be effective, 



in each case with respect to such Securities or any series of Securities as
provided in this Section on and after the date the conditions set forth in
Section 13.4 are satisfied (hereinafter called "Covenant
Defeasance").  For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that, with
respect to such Securities, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have
no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any
such specified Section (to the extent so specified in the case of
Section 5.1(4) and the occurrence of any Event of Default specified
pursuant to Section 3.1) or Article 15, whether directly or indirectly
by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or Article or by
reason of any reference in any such Section or Article to any other provision
herein or in any other document, but the remainder of this Indenture and such
Securities shall be unaffected thereby.


 Section 13.4   Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance
.  

The following shall be the conditions to the application of Section 13.2
or Section 13.3 to any Securities or any series of Securities, as the case
may be:

	The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with
the Trustee (or another trustee which satisfies the requirements contemplated by
Section 6.9 and agrees to comply with the provisions of this
Article applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making
the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated
solely to, the benefits of the Holders of such Securities,

	in the case of Securities of a series denominated in currency of the United
States of America, 

	cash in currency of the United States of America in an amount, or 
	U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal
and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not
later than one day before the due date of any payment, an amount in cash, or

	a combination thereof, or



	in the case of Securities of a series denominated in currency other than
that of the United States of America, 

	cash in the currency in which such series of Securities is denominated in an
amount, or 
	Foreign Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of
principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will
provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment, an amount in
cash, or
	a combination thereof, 




in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of
independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof
delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by
the Trustee (or any such other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, the
principal of and any premium and interest on such Securities on the respective
Stated Maturities, in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and such
Securities.

	For Securities denominated in United States dollars, in the event of an
election to have Section 13.2 apply to any Securities or any series of
Securities, as the case may be, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee
an Opinion of Counsel stating that

	the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal
Revenue Service a ruling or
	since the date of this instrument, there has been a change in the applicable
Federal income tax law, 



in either case (A) or (B) to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion
shall confirm that, the Holders of such Securities will not recognize gain or
loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, Defeasance and
discharge to be effected with respect to such Securities and will be subject to
Federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner and at the same times
as would be the case if such deposit, Defeasance and discharge were not to
occur.

	For Securities denominated in United States dollars, in the event of an
election to have Section 13.3 apply to any Securities or any series of
Securities, as the case may be, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee
an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of such Securities will not
recognize gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of the
deposit and Covenant Defeasance to be effected with respect to such Securities
and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amount, in the same manner
and at the same times as would be the case if such deposit and Covenant
Defeasance were not to occur.
	The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate to
the effect that neither such Securities nor any other Securities of the same
series, if then listed on any securities exchange, will be delisted as a result
of such deposit.
	No event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an
Event of Default with respect to such Securities or any other Securities shall
have occurred and be continuing at the time of such deposit or, with regard to
any such event specified in Sections 5.1(5) and (6), at any time on or prior to
the 90th day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this
condition shall not be deemed satisfied until after such 90th day).
	Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not cause the Trustee to have a
conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture Act (assuming all
Securities are in default within the meaning of such Act).
	Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or
violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other
agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is
bound.
	Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in the trust arising
from such deposit constituting an investment company within the meaning of the
Investment Company Act unless such trust shall be registered under such Act or
exempt from registration thereunder.
	At the time of such deposit,

	no default in the payment of any principal of or premium or interest on any
Senior Debt shall have occurred and be continuing,
	no event of default with respect to any Senior Debt shall have resulted in
such Senior Debt becoming, and continuing to be, due and payable prior to the
date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable (unless payment of
such Senior Debt has been made or duly provided for), and
	no other event of default with respect to any Senior Debt shall have
occurred and be continuing permitting (after notice or lapse of time or both)
the holders of such Senior Debt (or a trustee on behalf of such holders) to
declare such Senior Debt due and payable prior to the date on which it would
otherwise have become due and payable.



	The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and
an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent with respect
to such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance have been complied with.

 Section 13.5   Deposited Money, U.S. Government Obligations and
Foreign Government Obligations to be Held in Trust; Miscellaneous
Provisions.

Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 10.3, all
money, U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign Government Obligations (including
the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee or other qualifying trustee
(solely for purposes of this Section and Section 13.6, the Trustee and
any such other trustee are referred to collectively as the "Trustee")
pursuant to Section 13.4 in respect of any Securities shall be held in
trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such
Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any
such Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the
Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities, of all sums due and to
become due thereon in respect of principal and any premium and interest, but
money so held in trust need not be segregated from other funds except to the
extent required by law.  Money, U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign
Government Obligations so held in trust shall not be subject to the provisions
of Article 15.

The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other
charge imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign
Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 13.4 or the principal
and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other
charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of Outstanding
Securities.

Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee
shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any
money, U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held by it
as provided in Section 13.4 with respect to any Securities which, in the
opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in
excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to
effect the Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, as the case may be, with respect
to such Securities.


 Section 13.6   Reinstatement
.  

If the Trustee or the Paying Agent is unable to apply any money in accordance
with this Article with respect to any Securities by reason of any order or
judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or
otherwise prohibiting such application, then the obligations under this
Indenture and such Securities from which the Company has been discharged or
released pursuant to Section 13.2 or 13.3 shall be revived and reinstated
as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article with respect to
such Securities, until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to
apply all money held in trust pursuant to Section 13.5 with respect to such
Securities in accordance with this Article; provided, however,
that if the Company makes any payment of principal of or any premium or interest
on any such Security following such reinstatement of its obligations, the
Company shall be subrogated to the rights (if any) of the Holders of such
Securities to receive such payment from the money so held in trust.



ARTICLE 14



CONVERSION OF SECURITIES 

 Section 14.1   Applicability of Article
.  

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of any
series which are convertible into shares of Common Stock of the Company, and the
issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon the conversion of such Securities,
except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for the
Securities of such series or in a supplemental indenture for Securities of such
series.


 Section 14.2   Exercise of Conversion Privilege
.  

In order to exercise a conversion privilege, the Holder of a Security of a
series with such a privilege shall surrender such Security to the Company at the
office or agency maintained for that purpose pursuant to Section 10.2,
accompanied by a duly executed conversion notice to the Company substantially in
the form set forth in Section 2.6 stating that the Holder elects to convert
such Security or a specified portion thereof.  Such notice shall also state, if
different from the name and address of such Holder, the name or names (with
address) in which the certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock,
which shall be issuable on such conversion, shall be issued.  Securities
surrendered for conversion shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee)
be duly endorsed by or accompanied by instruments of transfer in forms
satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by the Holder or its
attorney duly authorized in writing.  As promptly as practicable after the
receipt of such notice and of any payment required pursuant to a Board
Resolution and, subject to Section 3.3, set forth, or determined in the
manner provided, in an Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more
indentures supplemental hereto setting forth the terms of such series of
Security, and the surrender of such Security in accordance with such reasonable
regulations as the Company may prescribe, the Company shall issue and shall
deliver, at the office or agency at which such Security is surrendered, to such
Holder or on its written order, a certificate or certificates for the number of
full shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of such Security (or
specified portion thereof), in accordance with the provisions of such Board
Resolution, Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture, and cash as
provided therein in respect of any fractional share of such Common Stock
otherwise issuable upon such conversion. Such conversion shall be deemed to have
been effected immediately prior to the close of business on the date on which
such notice and such payment, if required, shall have been received in proper
order for conversion by the Company and such Security shall have been
surrendered as aforesaid (unless such Holder shall have so surrendered such
Security and shall have instructed the Company to effect the conversion on a
particular date following such surrender and such Holder shall be entitled to
convert such Security on such date, in which case such conversion shall be
deemed to be effected immediately prior to the close of business on such date)
and at such time the rights of the Holder of such Security as such Security
Holder shall cease and the person or persons in whose name or names any
certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock of the Company shall be
issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed to have become the Holder or
Holders of record of the shares represented thereby.  Except as set forth above
and subject to the final paragraph of Section 3.7, no payment or adjustment
shall be made upon any conversion on account of any interest accrued on the
Securities (or any part thereof) surrendered for conversion or on account of any
dividends on the Common Stock of the Company issued upon such conversion.

In the case of any Security which is converted in part only, upon such
conversion the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver to or on the order of the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company,
a new Security or Securities of the same series, of authorized denominations, in
aggregate principal amount equal to the unconverted portion of such
Security.


 Section 14.3   No Fractional Shares
.  

No fractional share of Common Stock of the Company shall be issued upon
conversions of Securities of any series.  If more than one Security shall be
surrendered for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the number of full
shares which shall be issuable upon conversion shall be computed on the basis of
the aggregate principal amount of the Securities (or specified portions thereof
to the extent permitted hereby) so surrendered.  If, except for the provisions
of this Section 14.3, any Holder of a Security or Securities would be
entitled to a fractional share of Common Stock of the Company upon the
conversion of such Security or Securities, or specified portions thereof, the
Company shall pay to such Holder an amount in cash equal to the current market
value of such fractional share computed, (i) if such Common Stock is listed
or admitted to unlisted trading privileges on a national securities exchange or
market, on the basis of the last reported sale price regular way on such
exchange or market on the last trading day prior to the date of conversion upon
which such a sale shall have been effected, or (ii) if such Common Stock is
not at the time so listed or admitted to unlisted trading privileges on a
national securities exchange or market, on the basis of the average of the bid
and asked prices of such Common Stock in the over-the-counter market, on the
last trading day prior to the date of conversion, as reported by the National
Quotation Bureau, Incorporated or similar organization if the National Quotation
Bureau, Incorporated is no longer reporting such information, or if not so
available, the fair market price as determined by the Board of Directors.  For
purposes of this Section, "trading day" shall mean each Monday,
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday other than any day on which the Common
Stock is not traded on the Nasdaq National Market, or if the Common Stock is not
traded on the Nasdaq National Market, on the principal exchange or market on
which the Common Stock is traded or quoted.


 Section 14.4   Adjustment of Conversion Price or Conversion
Rate
.  

The conversion price or conversion rate, as the case may be, of Securities of
any series that is convertible into Common Stock of the Company shall be
adjusted for any stock dividends, stock splits, reclassifications, combinations
or similar transactions in accordance with the terms of the supplemental
indenture or Board Resolutions setting forth the terms of the Securities of such
series.

Whenever the conversion price or conversion rate, as the case may be, is
adjusted, the Company shall compute the adjusted conversion price or conversion
rate, as the case may be, in accordance with terms of the applicable Board
Resolution or supplemental indenture and shall prepare an Officers' Certificate
setting forth the adjusted conversion price or conversion rate, as the case may
be, and showing in reasonable detail the facts upon which such adjustment is
based, and such certificate shall forthwith be filed at each office or agency
maintained for the purpose of conversion of Securities pursuant to
Section 10.2 and, if different, with the Trustee.  The Company shall
forthwith cause a notice setting forth the adjusted conversion price or
conversion rate, as the case may be, to be mailed, first class postage prepaid,
to each Holder of Securities of such series at its address appearing on the
Security Register and to any conversion agent other than the Trustee.


 Section 14.5   Notice of Certain Corporate Actions
.  

In case:

	the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution) on its
Common Stock payable otherwise than in cash out of its retained earnings (other
than a dividend for which approval of any shareholders of the Company is
required) that would require an adjustment pursuant to Section 14.4;
or
	the Company shall authorize the granting to all or substantially all of the
holders of its Common Stock of rights, options or warrants to subscribe for or
purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any other rights (other
than any such grant for which approval of any shareholders of the Company is
required); or
	of any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Company (other than a
subdivision or combination of its outstanding shares of Common Stock, or of any
consolidation, merger or share exchange to which the Company is a party and for
which approval of any shareholders of the Company is required), or of the sale
of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or
	of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of
the Company; 



then the Company shall cause to be filed with the Trustee, and shall cause to
be mailed to all Holders at their last addresses as they shall appear in the
Security Register, at least 20 days (or 10 days in any case specified in
clause (1) or (2) above) prior to the applicable record date hereinafter
specified, a notice stating (i) the date on which a record is to be taken
for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, rights, options or warrants, or,
if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock
of record to be entitled to such dividend, distribution, rights, options or
warrants are to be determined, or (ii) the date on which such
reclassification, consolidation, merger, share exchange, sale, dissolution,
liquidation or winding up is expected to become effective, and the date as of
which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to
exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities, cash or other property
deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, share exchange,
sale, dissolution, liquidation or winding up. If at any time the Trustee shall
not be the conversion agent, a copy of such notice shall also forthwith be filed
by the Company with the Trustee.


 Section 14.6   Reservation of Shares of Common Stock
.  

The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available, free from
preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock, for the
purpose of effecting the conversion of Securities, the full number of shares of
Common Stock of the Company then issuable upon the conversion of all outstanding
Securities of any series that has conversion rights.


 Section 14.7   Payment of Certain Taxes upon Conversion
.  

Except as provided in the next sentence, the Company will pay any and all
taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of shares of its
Common Stock on conversion of Securities pursuant hereto.  The Company shall
not, however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any
transfer involved in the issue and delivery of shares of its Common Stock in a
name other than that of the Holder of the Security or Securities to be
converted, and no such issue or delivery shall be made unless and until the
person requesting such issue has paid to the Company the amount of any such tax,
or has established, to the satisfaction of the Company, that such tax has been
paid.


 Section 14.8   Nonassessability
.  

The Company covenants that all shares of its Common Stock that may be issued
upon conversion of Securities will upon issue in accordance with the terms
hereof be duly and validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable.


 Section 14.9   Provision in Case of Consolidation, Merger or Sale
of Assets
.  

Except as otherwise provided by Section 3.1 with respect to any series of
Securities or in a supplemental indenture with respect to any series of
Securities, in case of any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into
any other Person, any merger of another Person with or into the Company (other
than a merger which does not result in any reclassification, conversion,
exchange or cancellation of outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company)
or any conveyance, sale, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the
assets of the Company, the Person formed by such consolidation or resulting from
such merger or which acquires such assets, as the case may be, shall execute and
deliver to the Trustee a supplemental indenture providing that the Holder of
each Security of a series then Outstanding that is convertible into Common Stock
of the Company shall have the right thereafter (which right shall be the
exclusive conversion right thereafter available to said Holder), during the
period such Security shall be convertible, to convert such Security only into
the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such
consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease by a holder of the
number of shares of Common Stock of the Company into which such Security might
have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, conveyance,
sale, transfer or lease, assuming such holder of Common Stock of the Company
(i) is not a Person with which the Company consolidated or merged with or
into or which merged into or with the Company or to which such conveyance, sale,
transfer or lease was made, as the case may be (a "Constituent
Person"), or an Affiliate of a Constituent Person and (ii) failed to
exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind or amount of securities,
cash and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance,
sale, transfer or lease (provided that if the kind or amount of securities, cash
and other property receivable upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale,
transfer, or lease is not the same for each share of Common Stock of the Company
held immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer
or lease by others than a Constituent Person or an Affiliate thereof and in
respect of which such rights of election shall not have been exercised
("Non-electing Share"), then for the purpose of this Section 14.9
the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such
consolidation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease by the holders of
each Non-electing Share shall be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable
per share by a plurality of the Non-electing Shares).  Such supplemental
indenture shall provide for adjustments which, for events subsequent to the
effective date of such supplemental indenture, shall be as nearly equivalent as
may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Article or in
accordance with the terms of the supplemental indenture or Board Resolutions
setting forth the terms of such adjustments.  The above provisions of this
Section 14.9 shall similarly apply to successive consolidations, mergers,
conveyances, sales, transfers or leases. Notice of the execution of such a
supplemental indenture shall be given by the Company to the Holder of each
Security of a series that is convertible into Common Stock of the Company as
provided in Section 1.6 promptly upon such execution.

Neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent, if any, shall be under any
responsibility to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any
such supplemental indenture relating either to the kind or amount of shares of
stock or other securities or property or cash receivable by Holders of
Securities of a series convertible into Common Stock of the Company upon the
conversion of their Securities after any such consolidation, merger, conveyance,
transfer, sale or lease or to any such adjustment, but may accept as conclusive
evidence of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in
relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel with respect thereto, which the Company
shall cause to be furnished to the Trustee upon request.


 Section 14.10   Duties of Trustee Regarding Conversion
.  

Neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent shall at any time be under any
duty or responsibility to any Holder of Securities of any series that is
convertible into Common Stock of the Company to determine whether any facts
exist which may require any adjustment of the conversion price or conversion
rate, as the case may be, or with respect to the nature or extent of any such
adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed, whether herein or
in any supplemental indenture, any resolutions of the Board of Directors or
written instrument executed by one or more officers of the Company provided to
be employed in making the same.  Neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent
shall be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or
amount) of any shares of Common Stock of the Company, or of any securities or
property, which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of
any Securities and neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent makes any
representation with respect thereto.  Subject to the provisions of
Section 6.1, neither the Trustee nor any conversion agent shall be
responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or deliver any
shares of its Common Stock or stock certificates or other securities or property
upon the surrender of any Security for the purpose of conversion or to comply
with any of the covenants of the Company contained in this Article 14 or in
the applicable supplemental indenture, resolutions of the Board of Directors or
written instrument executed by one or more duly authorized officers of the
Company.


 Section 14.11   Repayment of Certain Funds upon
Conversion
.  

Any funds which at any time shall have been deposited by the Company or on
its behalf with the Trustee or any other paying agent for the purpose of paying
the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on any of the
Securities (including, but not limited to, funds deposited for the sinking fund
referred to in Article 12 hereof and funds deposited pursuant to
Article 13 hereof) and which shall not be required for such purposes
because of the conversion of such Securities as provided in this Article 14
shall after such conversion be repaid to the Company by the Trustee upon the
Company's written request.



ARTICLE 15



SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES 

 Section 15.1   Agreement of Subordination
.  

Except as otherwise provided in a supplemental indenture or pursuant to
Section 3.1, the Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of
Securities issued hereunder by its acceptance thereof likewise covenants and
agrees, that all Securities shall be issued subject to the provisions of this
Article 15; and each Person holding any Security, whether upon original
issue or upon transfer, assignment or exchange thereof, accepts and agrees to be
bound by such provisions.

The payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all
Securities (including, but not limited to, the redemption price with respect to
the Securities called for redemption in accordance with Article 11 as
provided in the Indenture) issued hereunder shall, to the extent and in the
manner hereinafter set forth, be subordinated and subject in right of payment to
the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt, whether outstanding at the date of
this Indenture or thereafter incurred.

No provision of this Article 15 shall prevent the occurrence of any
default or Event of Default hereunder.


 Section 15.2   Payments to Holders
.  

No payment shall be made with respect to the principal of, or premium, if
any, or interest on the Securities (including, but not limited to, the
redemption price with respect to the Securities to be called for redemption in
accordance with Article 11 as provided in the Indenture), except payments
and distributions made by the Trustee as permitted by the first or second
paragraph of Section 15.5, if:


	a default in the payment of principal, premium, if any, interest, rent or
other obligations due on any Senior Debt occurs and is continuing (or, in the
case of Senior Debt for which there is a period of grace, in the event of such a
default that continues beyond the period of grace, if any, specified in the
instrument or lease evidencing such Senior Debt) (a "Payment
Default"), unless and until such default shall have been cured or waived or
shall have ceased to exist; or
	a default, other than a Payment Default, on any Designated Senior Debt
occurs and is continuing that then permits holders of such Designated Senior
Debt to accelerate its maturity and the Trustee receives a notice of the default
(a "Payment Blockage Notice") from a holder of Designated Senior Debt,
a Representative of Designated Senior Debt or the Company (a "Non-Payment
Default").



If the Trustee receives any Payment Blockage Notice pursuant to clause
(ii) above, no subsequent Payment Blockage Notice shall be effective for
purposes of this Section unless and until at least 365 days shall have
elapsed since the initial effectiveness of the immediately prior Payment
Blockage Notice.  No Non-Payment Default that existed or was continuing on the
date of delivery of any Payment Blockage Notice to the Trustee shall be, or be
made, the basis for a subsequent Payment Blockage Notice.

The Company may and shall resume payments on and distributions in respect of
the Securities upon the earlier of:


	in the case of any Payment Default, the date upon which the Payment
Default is cured or waived or ceases to exist, or
	in the case of a Non-Payment Default, the earlier of (a) the date upon which
such Non-Payment Default is cured, waived or ceases to exist or (b) 179 days
after the date on which the applicable Payment Blockage Notice is received by
the Trustee,


unless this Article 15 otherwise prohibits the payment or distribution
at such time.

Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or
character, whether in cash, property or securities, to creditors upon any
dissolution or winding-up or liquidation or reorganization of the Company,
whether voluntary or involuntary or in bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
liquidation, receivership or other proceedings, or upon an assignment for the
benefit of creditors or any marshalling of the assets and liabilities of the
Company, or otherwise, all amounts due or to become due upon all Senior Debt
shall first be paid in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders
of such Senior Debt, or payment thereof in accordance with its terms provided
for in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt,
before any payment is made on account of the principal of, premium, if any, or
interest on the Securities (except payments made pursuant to Article 4 from
monies deposited with the Trustee pursuant thereto prior to commencement of
proceedings for such dissolution, winding-up, liquidation, reorganization,
assignment for the benefit of creditors or the marshalling of assets and
liabilities of the Company); and upon any such dissolution, winding-up,
liquidation, reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors or
marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company or bankruptcy, insolvency,
receivership or other proceeding, any payment by the Company, or distribution of
assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or
securities, to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would be
entitled, except for the provision of this Article 15, shall (except as
aforesaid) be paid by the Company or by any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy,
liquidating trustee, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution,
or by the Holders of the Securities or by the Trustee under this Indenture if
received by them or it, directly to the holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to such
holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Debt held by such
holders, or as otherwise required by law or a court order) or their
Representative or Representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any
indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any Senior Debt may have
been issued, as their respective interests may appear, to the extent necessary
to pay all Senior Debt in full, in cash or other payment satisfactory to the
holders of such Senior Debt, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or
distribution to or for the holders of Senior Debt, before any payment or
distribution or provision therefor is made to the Holders of the Securities or
to the Trustee.

For purposes of this Article 15, the words, "cash, property or
securities" shall not be deemed to include shares of stock of the Company
as reorganized or readjusted, or securities of the Company or any other
corporation provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment, the
payment of which is subordinated at least to the extent provided in this
Article 15 with respect to the Securities to the payment of all Senior Debt
which may at the time be outstanding; provided that (i) the Senior
Debt is assumed by the new corporation, if any, resulting from any
reorganization or readjustment, and (ii) the rights of the holders of
Senior Debt (other than leases which are not assumed by the Company or the new
corporation, as the case may be) are not, without the consent of such holders,
altered by such reorganization or readjustment.  The consolidation of the
Company with, or the merger of the Company into, another corporation or the
liquidation or dissolution of the Company following the conveyance or transfer
of its property as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to another
corporation upon the terms and conditions provided for in Article 8 shall
not be deemed a dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization for the
purposes of this Section 15.2 if such other corporation shall, as a part of
such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, comply with the conditions
stated in Article 8.

In the event of the acceleration of the Securities because of an Event of
Default, no payment or distribution shall be made to the Trustee or any Holder
of Securities in respect of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on
the Securities (including, but not limited to, the redemption price with respect
to the Securities called for redemption in accordance with Article 11 as
provided in the Indenture), except payments and distributions made by the
Trustee as permitted by the first or second paragraph of Section 15.5,
until all Senior Debt has been paid in full in cash or other payment
satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt or such acceleration is rescinded in
accordance with the terms of this Indenture.  If payment of the Securities is
accelerated because of an Event of Default, the Company shall promptly notify
holders of Senior Debt of the acceleration.

In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, any payment or
distribution of assets of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash,
property or securities (including, without limitation, by way of setoff or
otherwise), prohibited by the foregoing, shall be received by the Trustee or the
Holders of the Securities before all Senior Debt is paid in full in cash or
other payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, or provision is
made for such payment thereof in accordance with its terms in cash or other
payment satisfactory to the holders of such Senior Debt, such payment or
distribution shall be held in trust for the benefit of and shall be paid over or
delivered to the holders of Senior Debt or their Representative or
Representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to
which any instruments evidencing any Senior Debt may have been issued, as their
respective interests may appear, as calculated by the Company, for application
to the payment of all Senior Debt remaining unpaid to the extent necessary to
pay all Senior Debt in full in cash or other payment satisfactory to the holders
of such Senior Debt, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or
distribution to or for the holders of such Senior Debt.

Nothing in this Section 15.2 shall apply to claims of, or payments to,
the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 6.7.  This Section 15.2 shall
be subject to the further provisions of Section 15.5.


 Section 15.3   Subrogation of Securities
.  

Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Debt, the rights of the Holders
of the Securities shall be subrogated to the extent of the payments or
distributions made to the holders of such Senior Debt pursuant to the provisions
of this Article 15 (equally and ratably with the holders of all
indebtedness of the Company which by its express terms is subordinated to other
indebtedness of the Company to substantially the same extent as the Securities
are subordinated and is entitled to like rights of subrogation) to the rights of
the holders of Senior Debt to receive payments or distributions of cash,
property or securities of the Company applicable to the Senior Debt until the
principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be paid in
full; and, for the purposes of such subrogation, no payments or distributions to
the holders of the Senior Debt of any cash, property or securities to which the
Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would be entitled except for the
provisions of this Article 15, and no payment over pursuant to the
provisions of this Article 15, to or for the benefit of the holders of
Senior Debt by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as between the
Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders of the
Securities, be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on account of the
Senior Debt; and no payments or distributions of cash, property or securities to
or for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities pursuant to the subrogation
provisions of this Article 15, which would otherwise have been paid to the
holders of Senior Debt shall be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or for
the account of the Securities.  It is understood that the provisions of this
Article 15 are and are intended solely for the purposes of defining the
relative rights of the Holders of the Securities, on the one hand, and the
holders of the Senior Debt, on the other hand.

Nothing contained in this Article 15 or elsewhere in this Indenture or
in the Securities is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its
creditors other than the holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders of the
Securities, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional,
to pay to the Holders of the Securities the principal of (and premium, if any)
and interest on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable
in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative
rights of the Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Company other than
the holders of the Senior Debt, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the
Trustee or the Holder of any Security from exercising all remedies otherwise
permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the
rights, if any, under this Article 15 of the holders of Senior Debt in
respect of cash, property or securities of the Company received upon the
exercise of any such remedy.

Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in this
Article 15, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, and
the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree
made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such bankruptcy,
dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending,
or a certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee,
agent or other person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the
Trustee or to the Holders of the Securities, for the purpose of ascertaining the
persons entitled to participate in such distribution, the holders of the Senior
Debt and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable
thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article 15.


 Section 15.4   Authorization to Effect Subordination
.  

Each Holder of a Security by the holder's acceptance thereof authorizes and
directs the Trustee on the holder's behalf to take such action as may be
necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination as provided in this
Article 15 and appoints the Trustee to act as the holder's attorney-in-fact
for any and all such purposes.  If the Trustee does not file a proper proof of
claim or proof of debt in the form required in any proceeding referred to in
Section 5.4 hereof at least 30 days before the expiration of the time to
file such claim, the holders of any Senior Debt or their representatives are
hereby authorized to file an appropriate claim for and on behalf of the Holders
of the Securities.


 Section 15.5   Notice to Trustee
.  

The Company shall give prompt written notice in the form of an Officers'
Certificate to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee and to any Paying Agent of
any fact known to the Company which would prohibit the making of any payment of
monies to or by the Trustee or any Paying Agent in respect of the Securities
pursuant to the provisions of this Article 15.  Notwithstanding the
provisions of this Article 15 or any other provision of this Indenture, the
Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts which
would prohibit the making of any payment of monies to or by the Trustee in
respect of the Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Article 15,
unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received
written notice thereof at the Corporate Trust Office from the Company (in the
form of an Officers' Certificate) or a Representative or a holder or holders of
Senior Debt or from any trustee therefor; and before the receipt of any such
written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1,
shall be entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist;
provided that if on a date not fewer than two Business Days prior to the
date upon which by the terms hereof any such monies may become payable for any
purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of the principal of, or
premium, if any, or interest on any Security) the Trustee shall not have
received, with respect to such monies, the notice provided for in this
Section 15.5, then, anything herein contained to the contrary
notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such
monies and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received, and
shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary which may be received by it
on or after such prior date.

Notwithstanding anything in this Article 15 to the contrary, nothing
shall prevent any payment by the Trustee to the Holders of monies deposited
with it pursuant to Section 4.1, and any such payment shall not be subject
to the provisions of Section 15.1 or 15.2.

The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, shall be entitled
to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Representative or a
person representing himself to be a holder of Senior Debt (or a trustee on
behalf of such holder) to establish that such notice has been given by a
Representative or a holder of Senior Debt or a trustee on behalf of any such
holder or holders.  The Trustee shall not be required to make any payment or
distribution to or on behalf of a holder of Senior Debt pursuant to this
Article 15 unless it has received satisfactory evidence as to the amount of
Senior Debt held by such person, the extent to which such person is entitled to
participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the
rights of such person under this Article 15.


 Section 15.6   Trustee's Relation to Senior Debt
.  

The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all the rights
set forth in this Article 15 in respect of any Senior Debt at any time held
by it, to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt, and nothing in
this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such
holder.

With respect to the holders of Senior Debt, the Trustee undertakes to perform
or to observe only such of its covenants and obligations as are specifically set
forth in this Article 15, and no implied covenants or obligations with
respect to the holders of Senior Debt shall be read into this Indenture against
the Trustee.  The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the
holders of Senior Debt and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, the
Trustee shall not be liable to any holder of Senior Debt (i) for any failure to
make any payments or distributions to such holders or (ii) if it shall pay over
or deliver to Holders of Securities, the Company or any other Person money or
assets to which any holder of Senior Debt shall be entitled by virtue of this
Article 15 or otherwise.


 Section 15.7   No Impairment of Subordination
.  

No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt to enforce
subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or
impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act
or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by
the Company, the Trustee or any Holder of Securities with the terms, provisions
and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof which any
such holder may have or otherwise be charged with.


 Section 15.8   Certain Conversions/Exchanges Deemed
Payment
.  

For the purposes of this Article 15 only, (1) the issuance and
delivery of junior securities upon conversion or exchange of Securities in
accordance with Article 14 or otherwise (except upon conversion of the
Securities in accordance with their terms) shall not be deemed to constitute a
payment or distribution on account of the principal of (or premium, if any) or
interest on Securities or on account of the purchase or other acquisition of
Securities, and (2) the payment, issuance or delivery of cash (except in
satisfaction of fractional shares pursuant to Section 14.3), property or
securities (other than junior securities) upon conversion or exchange of a
Security shall be deemed to constitute payment on account of the principal of
such Security.  For the purposes of this Section 15.8, the term
"junior securities" means (a) shares of any stock of any class of
the Company, or (b) securities of the Company which are subordinated in
right of payment to all Senior Debt which may be outstanding at the time of
issuance or delivery of such securities to substantially the same extent as, or
to a greater extent than, the Securities are so subordinated as provided in this
Article.  Nothing contained in this Article 15 or elsewhere in this
Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall impair, as among the
Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt and the Holders of
Securities, the right, which is absolute and unconditional, of the Holder of any
Security to convert such Security in accordance with Article 14.


 Section 15.9   Article Applicable to Paying Agents
.  

If at any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been
appointed by the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term
"Trustee" as used in this Article shall (unless the context
otherwise requires) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent
within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent
were named in this Article in addition to or in place of the Trustee;
provided, however, that the first paragraph of Section 15.5
shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company if the Company or
such Affiliate acts as Paying Agent.

The Trustee shall not be responsible for the actions or inactions of any
other Paying Agents (including the Company if acting as its own Paying Agent)
and shall have no control of any funds held by such other Paying Agents.


 Section 15.10   Senior Debt Entitled to Rely
.  

The holders of Senior Debt (including, without limitation, Designated Senior
Debt) shall have the right to rely upon this Article 15, and no amendment
or modification of the provisions contained herein shall diminish the rights of
such holders unless such holders shall have agreed in writing thereto.


 Section 15.11   Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of
Liquidating Agent
. 

Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in this
Article, the Trustee and the Holders shall be entitled to rely upon any order or
decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such dissolution,
winding up, liquidation, reorganization, assignment for the benefit of creditors
or marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Company or bankruptcy,
insolvency, receivership or other like proceeding is pending, or a certificate
of the trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, custodian, receiver, assignee
for the benefit of creditors, agent or other person making such payment or
distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders, for the purpose of
ascertaining the persons entitled to participate in such payment or
distribution, the holders of Senior Debt and other indebtedness of the Company,
the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed
thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article.


 Section 15.12   Trust Monies Not Subordinated.

Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, payments from
money, U.S. Government Obligations and/or Foreign Government Obligations held in
trust under Article 4 or Article 13 by the Trustee for the payment of
the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall not be
subordinated to the prior payment in full of any Senior Debt of the Company or
subject to the restrictions set forth in this Article 15, and none of the
Holders shall be obligated to pay over any such amount to the Company or any
holder of Senior Debt of the Company or any other creditor of the Company.



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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly
executed as of the day and year first above written.
8X8, INC.

By:_____________________

       Title:__________________


 

________________,

   as Trustee

By:_____________________

       Title: