UNITED ST A TES 

TERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION 

ANNUAL REPORT 

1976 
COMMISSIONERS 

Will E. Leonard, Chairman 

Daniel Minchew, Vice Chairman 

George M. Moore 

Catherine Bedell 

Joseph 0. Parker 

ltalo H. Ablondi 

Kenneth R. Mason 

Secretary to the Commission 

Address all communications to 

United States International Trade Commission 

Washington, D.C. 20436 

For &ve by the Superintendent of Documents 

U. S. Government Printing Office 

Was/'"1\)ton. D. C. 20402 

Pnce $'. 40. Ste.ck Number 049--000-00045-6 
embers otttie Commission, left to right: Commissioners Bedell and Parker, Vice Chairman Minchew, Chairman Leonard, and Commissioners Ablondi 

d Moore. 
Whereas 1975 was a year of rejuvenation and expansion for the 

United States International Trade Commission, 1976 might be termed a 

year of innovation and progress. The Trade Act of 1974 gave to the 

Commission broad new responsibilities and an expanded scope of 

interest with respect to the international trade of this Nation, all of which 

was reflected in the Commission's activities in 1975. The past year, 

however, was characterized both by an innovative approach to our 

substantive and administrative duties and by considerable progress in 

meeting the objectives which the Commission had set as a result of its 

increased role in international trade. 

Highlighting this progress were (1) the completion and submission 

to the President of a 66-volume, 22,000-page report advising as to the 

probable economic effects of cutting tariffs both in multilateral trade 

negotiations and with respect to developing countries under the Generalized System of Preferences, (2) the completion of 14 investigations 

under section 201 ("escape clause") provisions of the Trade Act of 197 4, 

(3) the submission to Congress and the East-West Foreign Trade Board 

of 6 reports on East-West trade, (4) the completion of 7 investigations 

requested by the President or Congress or conducted on the Commission's own motion under the broad power to study matters of international trade vested in the Commission, (5) the completion of 18 cases 

under section 337 (unfair practices) of the Tariff Act of 1930 and the 

initiation of 11 such cases, and (6) the completion of 15 cases under 

section 201(a) of the Antidumping Act. All these investigations were 

completed within the rather limited time constraints of the laws under 

which the Commission operates. 

In addition, the Commission continued its record of progress in such 

noninvestigatory activities as assistance to the legislative and executive 

branches; participation in the trade agreements program; participation 

·in a study on the comparability of statistical data on imports, exports, 

and production; assistance in drafting the Harmonized Commodity 

Code; preparation of the Tariff Schedules of the United States Annotated; and publication of specialized commodity reports. 

On the administrative side, the Commission embarked on some bold 

new innovations which promise to have considerable impact on its 

, activities in the years to come. A complete reorganization of the Commission staff, with an emphasis on substantive responsibilities, is intended to put the structure of the Commission more in line with its 

expanded functions, make it more responsive to the requirements levied 

upon it, and make it more efficient in terms of human and fiscal resources. The Commission initiated steps to conduct its activities under 

the newly passed Government in the Sunshine Act-and was one· of the 

first agencies to do so. In a rare demonstration of economy and efficiency at the Federal level, the first budget submitted to Congress by the 

Commission not requiring approval by the President actually called for a 

reduction in personnel authorizations. 
The Commission remained innovative in other areas, setting itself 

apart from other agencies. By taking its hearings out of Washington, 

keeping them flexible and informal, actively soliciting and publicizing 

the views of people in all walks of life, and making conscientious efforts 

to remain impartial and openminded, the Commission has succeeded in 

staying above the often-heard criticisms of unresponsiveness, domination by special interests, and rigid formality associated with the 

bureaucracy. 

What has been synopsized above is detailed in the pages that follow. 

Unfortunately, words and figures cannot properly convey the hard work 

and dedication with which the Commission's most important asset, its 

employees, have approached their duties in the past year. While I am 

proud of our accomplishments in 1976, I am even prouder of those good 

people here at the U.S. International Trade Commission who have made 

the accomplishments possible. Their continued efforts will assure the 

Commission's reputation for expertise, objectivity, and accomplishment 

-hallmarks of good public service. 

UJ;J}£k~ Chairman 
Summary of activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 

Public investigations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 

Trade Act of 1974: 

Advice to the President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 

Relief from injury caused by import competition . . . . . . . . . . . 4 

East-West trade statistics monitoring system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 

Preliminary investigations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 

Tariff Act of 1930, as amended: 

Countervailing duties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 

General investigations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 

Unfair trade practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 

Litigation arising from investigations conducted 

under section 337 . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 

Antidumping Act, 1921, as amended: 

Provisions of the Antidumping Act ....................... 1 O 

Amendments to the Antidumping Act .................... 10 

Litigation arising from investigations conducted 

under the Antidumping Act .......................... 12 

Section 22 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended .... 12 

Other activities ............................................. 13 

Trade agreements program ................................ 13 

Multilateral trade negotiations .......................... , 14 

Generalized System of Preferences ...................... 14 

Executive branch review of Commission reports ........... 15 

Uniform statistical data on imports, exports, and 

production ........................................ 15 

ACtivities under section 484(e) of the Tariff Act 

of 1930 ............................................ 15 

Harmonized Commodity Code .......................... 16 

Statistical data ........................................ 16 

Preparation of the Tariff Schedules of the United States 

Annotated ............................................ 17 

Periodic reports on commodities: 

Synthetic organic chemicals ............................ 17 

Annual reports ..................................... 18 

Monthly reports .................................... 18 

Quantitative determinations ............................. 18 

Assistance to the Congress ................................ 18 

Assistance to executive departments and agencies .......... 18 

Assistance to the public ................................... 19 

Freedom of Information Act litigation ..................... 19 

Administration and finances: 

Organization of the Commission ............................ 21 

Membership of the Commission ......................... 21 

Executive staff of the Commission ....................... 21 

Employment and appropriations ........................... 22 

Relocation of a portion of the Commission staff ............... 23 

Appendix A. Summary of principal activities of the United 

States International Trade Commission, fiscal years 

1973--76 ................................................. 25 

· Appendix B. Reports submitted on proposed legislation ......... 27 
Investigations Completed 

Title II, Tariff Act of 1930: 

Sec. 303 investigation of subsidization ................ . 

Sec. 332 investigations ............................. . 

Sec. 337 investigations of alleged unfair practices in 

importation and sale of imported products ......... . 

Antidumping Act, 1921, as amended .................... . 

Agricultural Adjustment Act, sec. 22 ..................... . 

Trade Act of 1974: 

Sec. 131 and sec. 503-advice on possible 

trade agreements ............................... . 

Sec. 201 "escape clause" cases ..................... . 

Sec. 203 "review" case ............................. . 

Sec. 603 preliminary investigation .................... . 

Total ........................................... . 

Other Activities 

Publications issued (in addition to reports on investigations): 

Synthetic organic chemicals ......................... . 

Benzenoid chemicals ............................... . 

Preliminary reports on U.S .. production of synthetic 

organic chemicals ............................... . 

Responses to letters from Members of Congress and 

1 

7 

18 

19 

1 

3 

14 

1 

1 

65 

28 

1 

15 

congressional committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 100 

Import and export transactions analyzed by personnel in 

New York City and Suitland, Md., offices ............... 151,000 

Library transactions: 

Volumes circulated ................................. . 

Reference calls .................................... . 

Reports prepared on proposed legislation .... : ........... . 

Reports prepared on U.S. consumption of specified 

commodities ....................................... . 

Reports prepared on East-West trade .................... . 

78,000 

11,600 

41 

3 

6 

1 Throughout this report, unless otherwise indicated, data are for the 15-month period July 1, 1975-

Sept. 30, 1976. Where fiscal year 1976 is mentioned, it refers to this 15-month period. Future annual 

reports will be for the fiscal year starting Oct. 1 established by Public Law 93. -344. 
I The United States International Trade Commission is authorized by 

law to investigate all aspects of international trade. During fiscal 1976, 

investigations -were conducted under provisions of the Trade Act of 

1974, the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, the Tariff Act of 1930, as 

amended, the Antidumping Act, 1921, as amended, and section 22 of 

the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended. The Commission sought 

to increase public interest and actual participation in investigations by 

conducting hearings throughout the country, thereby making it more 

convenient for all interested parties to present testimony. 

TRADE ACT OF 19741 

Advice to the President 

Section 101 2 of the Trade Act of 1974 grants the President authority to enter into 

trade agreements in order to modify or continue existing duties or duty-free treatment. 

Prior to entering into such agreements the President is required, pursuant to section 

1313 of the Trade Act of 1974, to furnish the U.S. International Trade Commission with 

lists of articles on which the duty may be modified or continued. The Commission, in 

turn, must furnish the President, within 6 months, its advice as to the probable 

economic effect of such modifications or continuances on industries and on consumers.4 

On January 14, 1975, the Commission received from the President a 

list of articles for possible trade-agreement negotiation. The list included 

all of the more than 6, 700 articles in the Tariff Schedules of the United 

States except certain ball bearings, certain dinnerware, and certain 

petroleum products. The Commission instituted investigation No. TA131(b)-1 to provide the President with the required information and 

advice. 

Section 5035 of the Trade Act of 197 4 requires that the President, from time to time, 

furnish the Commission with lists of articles which may be provided duty-free treatment 

under provisions of a Generalized System of Preferences. The Commission must then 

advise the President as to the probable economic effect on industries and on consumers of granting these preferences for each article listed if imported from countries 

designated by the President as beneficiary developing countries. 

On March 24, 1975, the President furnished the Commission with a 

list of over 3, 100 articles to be considered for inclusion in a Generalized 

System of Preferences (GSP). 6 In a notice issued on April 2, 1975, the 

Commission announced institution of investigations Nos. TA-503(a)-1 

(on the products imported from designated beneficiary countries) and 

332- 74 (on the products imported from both designated beneficiary 

countries and countries under consideration for designation as beneficiary countries). 

-'Public Law 93-618, approved Jan. 3. 1975. 219 u.s.c. 2111. 

• _,-. 319 U.S.C. 2151 

: T~roughout thi~ report, indented material will give the reader a brief summary of legislation. and the 

lowing text will outline the Commission's response to that legislation. 519 u.s.c. 2463. 

:; "The President also promulgated a list of countries under consideration for designation as beneficiary countries. 
Having traveled the country to secure input 

from all Americans in these investigations and 

having heard from hundreds of persons at 21 

different hearings in every corner of the Nation, 

the Commission compiled a 66-volume, 22,000-

page report on investigations Nos. TA-131{b)-1, 

TA-503{a)-1, and 332-74. This report was submitted to the President on July 14, 1975, within the 

6-month statutory time limit for trade-negotiation 

advice and less than 4 months after receiving the 

request tor GSP advice. On July 7, 1976, the President requested that the Commission furnish its 

advi9e on a second list of products under consideration for inclusion in the Generalized System of 

Preferences. The Commission submitted its response to this request to the President on September 13, 1976, 68 days after receiving the 

request. 

whereby relief may be sought for the purpose of facilitating 

orderly adjustment to import competition. Relief may be 

sought by a trade association, firm, certified or recognized 

union, or group of workers or other entity which is representative of an industry. When petitioned, the Commission 

is required to determine whether an article is being imported into the United States in such increased quantities 

as to be a substantial cause of serious injury, or the threat 

thereof, to the domestic industry producing an article like 

or directly competitive with the imported article. If the 

Commission determines in the affirmative, it must find the "' 

amount of the increase in, or imposition of, any duty or 

restriction on such article which is necessary to prevent or 

remedy such injury, or recommend the provision of adjustment assistance to firms, workers, or communities. 

Under section 203, if the President determines to provide 

import relief for the industry, he shall (1) proclaim an increase in, or imposition of, a duty on the article concerned; 

(2) proclaim a tariff-rate quota; (3) impose or modify a 

quantitative restriction on imports; ( 4) negotiate an orderly 

marketing agreement; or (5) take any combination of such 

actions. 

Relief From Injury Caused by Import 

Competition 

Section 201 7 of the Trade Act of 1974 provides means 

719 u.s.c. 2251. 

During fiscal 1976, the Commission completed 14 investigations under section 201, all 

within the 6-month statutory time limit. The following table shows information on the 14 investigations completed during the year. 

Summary of investigations completed under sec. 201 of the Trade Act of 1974, July 1, 1975-Sept. 30, 1975· 

Investigation Articles Petition Public 

No. concerned Petttioner filed hearing 

TA-201-1' .... Birch plywood door skins. Columbia Plywood Corp. 4-18-75 8- 5-75 

and 

8- 6-75 

TA-201-2-. ... Bolts. nuts, and screws of Russell, Burdsall & Ward, Inc.; Indus- 5-22-75 9- 3-75 

iron or steel. trial Fasteners Institute; Cap Screw to 

and Special Threaded Products Bureau. 9-12-75 

TA-201-3 .... Wrapper lobacco . Cigar Leaf Tobacco Foundation. Inc ... 5- 5-75 8-11-75; 

8-13-75; 

8-15-75 

Finding of 

Commission Affirmative 

Negative Minchew 

-do- Minchew' 

Bedell' 

-doCommissioners' votes Cormiission's 

report 

USITC 

Not To the Publication 

Negative participating President No. 

Leonard 10-20-75 743 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parlcer 

AblOndi 

Leonard' 2 11-24-75 747 

Minchew2 

Moore 

Bedell2 

Ablondi 

Leonard 11- 5-75 746 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parl<er 

Ablondi 

TA-201-4 ..... Asparagus ...... California Asparagus Growers Associa- 7-10-75 10-14-75; Equally Moore Leonard 1-12-76 755 

TA-201-5 . ... Stainless steel and alloy 

tool steel. 

TA-201-6 ..... Slide fasteners and parts. 

'On large screws. •on small screws. 

lion, Inc.; Washington Asparagus 

Growers Association; certain unaffiliated asparagus growers. 

bol and Stainless Steel lndustJy Committee lor Import Reliel; United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO. 

Slide Fastener Association. . ... ... 

10-21-75 

7-16-75 10-28-75 

8-18-75 11-24-75 

to 

11-26-75 

divided.' Bedell Minchew 

Ablondi Parker 

Affirmative' Leonard• Leonard' Parker• 1-16-76 756 

Minchew' Minchew"' 

Moore" Moore' 

Bedell• Bedell" 

Ablondi 

Equally Moore Leonard 2-18-76 757 

divided." Parlcer Minchew 

Ablondi Bedell 

•commissioner Parker abstained from voling to avoid any possibility or appearance of conflict of 

interesL 

June 14, 1976. Also, the President granted adjusbnent assistance to workers. 

•on stainless steel and alloy tool steel bars, wire rods, plates. and strip. 70n stainless steel bars and wire rods, alloy tool steel. 

•on ingots, blooms, billets. slabs, and sheet bars. •on Mar. 10, 1976, the President determined that there was no injury to the domestic industry. 

•on Mar. 16, 1976. the President determined to provide import relief and directed the Special 

Representative for Trade Negotiations to attempt to negotiate orderly marketing agreements no later than 

•on stainless steel sheet and strip, not cul not pressed, and not stamped to nonrectangular shape, 

and stainless steel plate. 

•0 on Apr. 14, 1976, the President granted adjustment assistance. 
summary of investigations completed under sec. 201 of the Trade Act of 1974, July 1, 1975-Sept. 30, 1976-Continued 

tnwstigation Articles Petition 

No. concerned Petitioner filed 

TA-201-7 ... Footwear ......... American Footwear Industries Associa- 8-2()-75 

tion; Boot and Shoe Workers' Union; 

United Shoe Worl<e11i of America 

JA-201-8 ..... Stainless steel table ftat- Stainless Steel Flatware Manufacture1S 8-28-75 

ware. Association. 

TA-201-9 ..... Certain gloves Work Glove ManufacturelS' Association. ~ 8-75 

JA-201-10 .... Mushrooms . . . . . . . . . Mushroom Canners Committee of the ~17-75 

Pennsytvaiia Food Processo1S Association; Mushroom Processo11i Tariff 

. Conmittee. 

TA-201-11 .... Ferricyanide and ferro- American Cyanamid Co. . . . . . . . . . . 10- 2-75 

cyanide blue pigments. 

JA-201-12 .... Shrimp ...... . National Shrimp Congress......... 11-17-75 

TA-201-13 . . . Round stainless steel Stainless Sll!el 'Mre lndusby Committee. 12-12-75 

wire. 

IA-201-14 .... Honey ............ _ Mid-U. S. Honey Producers Marketing 12-~75 

Association, Inc.; the Great Lakes 

Honey Marketing Association; the 

Mlchigai 8eefmepers Association; 

celfain independent Kalsas 111d 

Mis$0Uri beekeepers. 

"On Ajji. 16, 1976, the President pted adjustment assistance. 

"On Apr. 30, 1976, the President piled adjusbnent assislance. 

,.On leailler and cotton gloves. 

"On rubber and plastic gloves. 

"On May 17, 1976, lhe President granted adjustment assistance. 

"Conmissioner Bedell abstained from voting to avoid arry possibility or ai]pealanc:e of conflict of 

illleresl 

"On June 1, 1976. the President rejected the Commission's decision on grounds of national 

·economic interest 

Four section 201 investigations were in progress at the close of the year, as shown in the 

following table. 

Summary of investigations pending on Sept. 20, 1976, 

Under sec. 201 of the Trade Act of 1974 

hwstigaHon 

.. No. Article 

Pl!lition or request received Origin 

~::15 ........ Plant hangers ........ 6- 2-76 ....... Motion _of Commission. . 

16 •• _ •.... Sugar ............. 9-17-76 ........ Resolution of the Senate Commit- . tee on Finance. 

T,l,.20t-17 .. ; ..... Mushrooms ......... 9-20-76 . Commission determination that 

good cause existed tor a reinvestigation. 

Oo. "-20!-18 --.:_· ...... Footwear ........... 9-28-76 .. . 

Public Finding of 

hearing Commission Atfirrnatiw 

12- 2-75 Affirmative.'' 

to 

12- 4-75 

and 

12- 8-75 

12- !HS --do.12 

and 

12-10-75 

Commissioners' votes 

Minchew 

Nol 

participating 

Commission's 

report 

USITC 

1iJ the Publication 

President No. 

2-20-76 758 

3- 1-76 759 

12-16-75 Negative 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Minchew' 3 Leonard 

Minchew" 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Minchew 

Moore 

3- 8-76 760 

and 

12-17-75 

1- 6-76 Atfinnalive." Leonard 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Bedell'6 3-17-76 761 

and 

1- 7-76 

1-13-76 -do.17 Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 4- 2-76 767 

1-27-76: Equally Minchew" Leonard" Bedell 5-11-76 m 

2- 3-76; divided." Moore"' Minchew" 

2- 5-76 ParflerZD Abiondi21 

3-23-76 Negatiw Moore Leonard Parker> 6-14-76 779 

to Minchew 

3-25-76 Bedell 

Ablondl 

3- 2-76; Affirmative Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell Ablondl22 6-29-76 781 

3-10-76; Parker 

4- 6-76; 

4- 8-76 

"On July 7, 1976, the President directed eJl)edited trade adjustment assistance. 

"Affirmative with respect to the shrimp-fishing industry; negative with respect to the shrimpprocessing indusby. 

••Affirmative with respect to the domestic indusby devoted to the catching and landing of shrimp. 21 Negatiw with respect to the domestic industry producing an article like or directly competitive with 

the imported article. 22Commissioner Ablondi did not participate in the decision owing to his absence from the 

Commission. 

Section 203{i)8 of the Trade Act of 197 4 in part provides 

thatUpon request of the President or upon its own motion, 

the Commission shall advise the President of its judgment 

as to the probable economic effect on the industry concerned of the extension, reduction, or termination of the 

import relief provided pursuant to this section. 

Upon petition on behalf of the industry concerned, filed 

with the Commission not earlier than the date which is 9 

months, and not later than the date which is 6 months, 

before the date any import relief provided pursuant to this 

section or section 351 or 352 of the Trade Expansion Act of 

1962 is to terminate by reason of the expiration of the initial 

period therefor, the Commission shall advise the President 

of its judgment as to the probable economic effect on such 

industry of such termination. 

819 u.s.c. 2253. 

5 
During fiscal year 1976, the Commission, 

upon receipt of a petition filed by the American 

Dinnerware Emergency Committee, conducted 

investigation No. TA-203-1. The report (USITC 

Publication 766) was released on March 31, 1976. 

The Commission determined (Commissioner 

Ablondi dissenting) that the termination of the import relief applicable to certain ceramic tableware 

would adversely affect the competitive position of 

the domestic industry producing earthen table 

and kitchen articles. On April 30, 1976, the President terminated relief with respect to certain types 

of earthenware; he extended it for other types. 

East-West Trade Statistics Monitoring System 

Section 4109 of the Trade Act of 1974 requires the 

Commission to establish and maintain a program to 

monitor trade between the United States and nonmarket 

economy countries, and to publish a detailed summary of 

the data collected under this program not less frequently 

than once every calendar quarter. 

The Commission submitted six reports on 

East-West trade to the Congress and the EastWest Foreign Trade Board in fiscal 1976 as shown 

in the following table. 

Reports submitted to the Congress and the East-West 

Foreign Trade Board pursuant to sec. 410 of the Trade Act 

of 1974 during fiscal year 1976 

USITC 

Subject Date Publication 

No. (H any) 

Third Quarterly Report ID the Congress and Ille East-West Foreign September 1975 742 

lade BoanJ on liade Between lhe United Slates and the Nonmarkei fronomy Countries. 

Fourth Quarteriy Report ID the Congress and the Easl-Wesl Foreign December 1975 752 

lade BoanJ on Developments in Trade Between the United Stales 

and the Nonmarkei Economy Countries. 

Fifth Quarterly Report to the Congress and Ille East-West Foreign Man:h 1976 774 

lade BoanJ on bde Between lhe United States and the Nonmarkei Economy Countries. 

Sixlh Quarteriy Report lo the Congress and the East-West Foreign June 1976 782 

liade 8oanl on 1iade Between the United States and the Nonmarkei Economy Countries. 

Special Report to the Congress and Ille Easl-Wesl Foreign liade July 1976 

Soard on Soviet Imports Of Manufactured Goods From the 

Industrial West: An Econometric Forecast. 

Seventh Quarteriy Report to the Congress and the East-West Foreign September 1976 788 

liade Board on Trade Between lhe United States and lhe Nonmarl<et Economy Countries 

Preliminary Investigations 

6 

Section 603(a) 10 ofthe Trade Act of 1974 authorizes the 

Commission to conduct preliminary investigations, determine the scope and manner of its proceedings, and consolidate proceedings before it. 

919 U.S.C. 2440. 

1019 U.S.C. 2482(a). 

During fiscal year 1976, the Commission instituted two preliminary investigations to determine 

whether a violation of law existed. Investigation 

No. 603-TA-1, relating to television receivers from 

Japan, was instituted by the Commission on its 

own motion on March 26, 1976. On September 30, 

1976, this investigation was in progress. On April 

28, 1976, the Commission, again on its own mo- .., 

tion, instituted investigation No. 603 - TA - 2 on 

· crocheted bootie sets from the Republic of Korea. 

On August 2, 1976, the Commission announced 

that it had determined that there was no factual 

basis to support the allegations of the complaint 

and that the institution of an investigation under 

section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 was not warranted. 

TARIFF ACT OF 1930, AS AMENDED 

Countervailing Duties 

Section 30311 of the .Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, 

provides thatWhenever any country, dependency, colony, province, 

or other political subdivision of government, person, 

partnership, association, cartel, or corporation. shall pay 

or bestow, directly or indirectly, any bounty or grant upon 

the manufacture or production or export of any article or 

merchandise manufactured or produced in such country, 

dependency, colony, province, or other political subdivision of government, then upon the importation of such 

article or merchandise into the United States, whether the 

same shall be imported directly from the country of production or otherwise, and whether such article or merchandise is imported in the same condition as when exported from the country of production or has been 

changed in condition by remanufacture or otherwise, there 

shall be levied and paid, in all such cases, in addition to 

any duties otherwise imposed, a duty equal to the net 

amount of such bounty or grant, however the same be 

paid or bestowed. 

In the case of any imported article or merchandise 

which is free of duty, duties may be imposed under this 

section only if there is an affirmative determination by the 

Commission under subsection (b)(1); except that such a 

determination shall not be required unless a determination 

of injury is required by the international obligations of the 

United States. 

On June 22, 1976, the Commission was advised that a bounty or grant was being paid with 

respect to footwear known as zoris imported from 

the Republic of China. Investigation No. 303-TA1 was instituted, and a public hearing was held on 

August 17, 1976. On September 22, 1976, the 

Commission issued its unanimous determination 

that an industry in the United States is not being 

and is not likely to be injured, and is not prevented 

11 19 u.s.c. 1303. 
from being established, by reason of the importation of zoris from the Republic of China (USITC 

Publication 787). 

General Investigations 

The Tariff Act of 1930 empowers the Commission to investigate and report on many aspects of 

U.S. foreign trade. Studies made under section 

332 of that act are usually broader in scope and 

focus than other statutory investigations conducted by the Commission. 

Section 33212 of the Tariff Act of 1930 sets forth the 

Commission's authority to investigate, among other 

thingsThe administration and fiscal and industrial effects of the 

customs laws of this country; 

During fiscal year 1976, s 

under section 332 of the Tariff 

completed, as shown in the table 

I 

..,., 

:J--

cn T 

Other long-range research studr 

tigations which were in progress at 

fiscal 1976 are summarized in the folio 

Investigations and other research work under sec. 332 of 

the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, pending on Sept. 30, 

1976 

Subject 

Fonnu/alion of an international commodity code. 

Cerlain articles being considered for removal from the 

list of articles eligible for duty-tree Jrealment under 

the Generalized System of Preferences. 

Probable economic ettect of the provisions of H.R. 

14600 and the need to prolect a domestic industry 

(watches and parts lhereoij. 

Unfair Trade Practices 

Origin 

Sec. 608(c)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974. 

Letter daled Sept 14, 1976. from the 

President. 

Request dated Sept 14, 1976, of the 

Committee on Ways and Means of the 

House of Represen/atives. 

The relations between rates of duty on raw materials and 

finished or partly finished products; Section 33713 of the Tariff Act of 1930, declares unlawThe effects of ad valorem and specific duties and of com- ful unfair methods of competition and unfair acts in the 

pound (specific and ad valorem) duties; importation of articles into the United States or in their sale 

All questions relative to the arrangement of schedules and by the owner, importer, consignee, or agent of either, the 

classification of articles in the several schedules of the effect or tendency of which is to destroy or substantially 

customs law; injure an industry, efficiently and economically operated, 

The operation of customs laws, including their relation to in the United States or to prevent the establishment of such 

the Federal revenues and their effect upon the indus- an industry, or to restrain or monopolize trade and comtries and labor of the country; merce in the United States. It authorizes the Commission 

The tariff relations between the United States and foreign to investigate alleged violations of this section of the act. 

countries, commercial treaties, preferential provisions, The Commission has the power to issue either an order 

and economic alliances; excluding imports from entry into the United States or a 

The effect of export bounties and preferential transporta- cease and desist order, subject to disapproval by the 

tion rates; President for policy reasons within 60 days of the CommisThe volume of importations compared with do'mestic pro- sion's issuance of its finding. Proceedings come within the 

duction and consumption; and provision of the Administrative Procedure Act. There is a 

Conditions, causes, and effects relating to competition of statutory time limit of 12 months (18 months for more comforeign industries with those of the United States. plicated cases) on these investigations. 

The Commission is required to make such reports as At the beginning of fiscal 1976 the Commismay be requested by the President, the House Committee 

on Ways and Means, the Senate Committee on Finance, or sion had 16 investigations before it under section 

either House of Congress concerning such matters. 337, 1 of which was stayed pending court pro-

. 1219 u.s.c. 1332. 1319 u.s.c. 1337. 

·· Investigations completed under sec. 332 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, during fiscal 1976 

h 

,· ~: lnwstigalion • . No. Subject 

~~ii2-45 · Ti try . . I lilfe 19 of th U 'led States C •• 332-65 ·· · ·· · · · •· · ~en .~sronso. . e m ode ................. .. h>:' . ., · · · ·. · · · · · .. Competitl'IB position ol U.S. industries ................................... . 

~i~i . • • · · · · · • .... Presidenrs list of articies which may be designated as eligible for purposes of a Generalized 

~t;/: .......... Jnre:=1°~~ts .................................... . 

· ...... Unlled States-Canacfian aitomotiw agreement. ............................. . 

· · .... CondiUons of competition between domestic and imported shrimp. . .............. . 

• · · • · ·Second list from the President of articles which may be designaled as eligible Jar purposes 

of a Generalized System of Preferences. 

Origin 

Motion of Commission ............. .. Request from the President ........... . 

Request from the President .. .. . .. .. . .. 

Request Imm the Subcommittee on International Trade of the Senare Committee on Finance. 

Request from the Senate Committee on 

Finance. 

Motion of Commission .............. . Request from the President. . . . . . . . . . . . . 

USITC 

Publication 

No. Dale 

(') (') 

'737 August 1975 

738 August 1975 

(•) (3) 

741 November 1975 

(') (') 

(•) (') 

(3) (3) 

~was issued during fiscal year 1976. See annual reports of the U.S. Tarin Commission (predecessor of the U.S. Jntematio111J Trade Commission) for Information on reports issued in previous years. 

""-'-~rts of the U.S. Tarill Commission for infonnation on reports issued in previous years. --••tied to the President Jn confidence 

• ~report was Rlsmilled to the .Senare Committee on Finance in ~uary 1976. Subsequently, it was issued as a committee print (Canadian AIJlomobile Aqreeinent-Uni/ed Stales International 

·· Without. on Ille Uni/ed S/a/es-CaniKJian_AIJ~'lll Ag~· /ts His/oty, Tenns, and lmpat:/ .. ., Committee on Finance, U.S. Senate. 94th Cong .. 1st sess., January 1976). ,> ISSllllce ol a report because of 1nsli1Won of mvest1gat1on No. TA-201-12 (Shrimp). 

7 
ceedings. During the )'Sar 11 new investigations 

were initiated and 18 were concluded. All investigations were compieced within 12 months of the 

effective date of amended section 337 or within 12 

months of institution. These investigations are 

summarized in the fo,owing table. 

Eight section 337 investigations were in progress at the close of the year. as shown in the table 

on the following page. 

Investigations completed tmder sec. 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, during fiscal 1976 

Articles concerned ~ Complaint 

lnstilull!d 

(dale and Public Finding of Commission 

filed No.) hearing 

Certain elecfronic pianos. . ... \\\Jr1il2lr :.:... ::nicago. Ill. 3- 6-72 3-30-72. 1-30-73 Tenninated: no violation 1 ················ 337-TA-1 3.29.73 

6-15-74 

Polytetralluroelhylene in tape W. L Sa f, lesociales, Inc .• Newark, 6-29-72 !l-13-72, 7-22-74 Tenninated; no violation (Convnissioners Leonaid, Minchew, form. Ila 337-TA--I and Ablondi;2 Commissioners Moore, Bedell, and Parker'). Convertible game lables ....... Ebonilt '::ar:. lUmer1y ATI Recreation, 10-26-72 11-13-72, 10-15-73 Affirmative finding and recommendation of temporary exclusion 

ln:.i .,.., l.alles, Fla. !l-30-73, 2· 5-74 order 3-4-74 (Commissioners Bedell, Parker,' Leonard, 

337-TA-2 !l-12-74 Moore, and Ablondi); alfinnative finding and reconmendation Of pernanent exclusion order 4-2-76 (Commissioners 

Leonard, Minchew, Moore, Bedell, Parker,• and Ablondi); 

. accepted 6-2-76. 

Doxycycline ............... f'Mlr; lie.. ._ 'lbri. N.Y ......... 4-13-73 4-27-73, !l-23-74 Proceedings stayed pending court disposition; in progress. . . 

337-111-3 

Chain door locb ........... Ideal Sl!::a8 ~ Corp., St. Paul, 6-21-73 7-26-73, 12- 5-74 Affirmative finding and recommendation of pemment exclusion 

Mimt. 337-TA-5 order (Conmissioners Leonard, Minchew, Moore, Bedell, 

Parier, • and Ablondi"). Certain electronic audio and re- Oisl!ict ~ n: .. Washington, 0. C. 7-10-73 7-25-73, 1-12-76 imninated; no violation (Commissioners Leonaid, Minchew, lated equipment 337-TA-7 Moore. Bedell, Parker. and Ablondi). Piezoelectric ceramic 10.7 MHz ~.:at.. !lldoltl, Ohio. . .... 7-2D-73 11-20-73, -do- electric wave filters. 337-TA~ Certain eye-testing instruments Arnericiir !!ilia; Corp., Southbridge, 2-2D-74 3-13-74. 6-26-75 -do- incorporating refractive Mas. 337-TA-6 6-30-75 

principles. 

Certain hydraulic tappets II ..... Eaten ~ ~. Ohio. . ..... 6-18-74 1· !l-74, JJnninated; no violation (Commissioners Leonam, Minchew, 

337-TA-9 Moore, ~ and Ablondi). Certain ultra-microtome freez· Ameri:ir :alca! Corp_, Soolhbridge, 6-l!l-74 8-13-74, 1- !l-76 -do- ing attachments Mrm. 337-TA-10 

Certain ultra-microtome freezing ~ ~ San Gabriel, Calif. &- 1-74 6-26-74, Terminated: no violation' .............. attachments. 337-TA-11 

Certain components of automatic A.NE 11c_ Wllili "llins, N. v. ....... 6-13-74 !l-16-74, -do.•-

tobatco leaf graders. 337-TA-12 

Liquid propane heaters ........ Scheti. ~ ::o .. Upland, Calif. 6-12-74 10- 4-74, -do.•-

337-TA-13 

Certain high fidelity audio and re-AUOio ~Safes, Inc., and Doug- 7-26-74 11· 6-74, -do.'-

lated equipment lilE :-\ +.;;:. Stereo Center COl)l .• 337-TA-14 

~- D.C., and Plaza Audio ... .._ k.. rl!lattsville.Md. 

Overiapping digital movements. . Gener.I ~ ::.mio .. Mesa. Calif. . ... 11-14-74 12· !l-74, -do.•-

337-TA-15 

Certain Angolan robusta coffee. . COfiln::t ""- 8-lial Commodities 11-26-74 12-23-74, -do.'-

,;;nit. 111111Su- & Co. (U.S.A.), Inc., 337-TA-16 s.~ """2s :;;,: __ tnc.. and van Ekris & 

Sln!t. k. - York. N.Y. Record players incorporating Harmar.._. me.. Plainview, N.Y., 3-18-75 7- 7-75. -00.•- straight line tracking systems. nr ~ ilmnow. Bethesda, Md. 337-TA-17 

Monolilhic calalytic converters. . Engl!!ll;at;: ___ ~ & Chemicals Corp., 5- 2-75 7-15-75, 11- 6-75 Tenninated; no violation• ............... ,_y 

337-TA-18 

Glass fiber optic devices and in- Amern::7 ~ Makers, Inc ... 5-12-75 &- 6-75, -do.•- struments equipped with glass 337-TA-19 

fiber optic devices. 

1 By reason of settlemenl agreemem: 2Patent unenforceable for pufJ>OSll> Jr 311!: ::;-

'Patent enforceable, bul infririoen-t .1r 'IE - has not had the effect or tendency to destroy or substantially injure an industry, or prevent establishment of such industry. •commissioner Parker dissented :1t ~ 

8 

•commissioner Parker concurrea ;ir _. '"8C .Dissented in part. 

•commissioner Abtondi concull9(t 1t _. n llissented in part. . 

'By reason of settlement agreemem ~ "'sleal! Trade Commission consent judgment •By reason of license agreement 

•ay reason of agreemenl and sti!IWilllE: --. 

USITC 

Date of Publication 

finding No. 

2· 3-76 

4-3-76 769 

4- 2-76 705 

4- 3-76 no 

4- 2-76 768 

12-12-75 

3-31-76 

3-31-76 

4- 2-76 771 

1-13-76 

12-12-75 

4- 1-76 

2-26-76 

3-24-76 

3-25-76 

3· 1-76 

!l-16-76 

7-2!1-76 
, ~tigations pending on Sept. 30, 1976, under sec. 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended 

Articies concerned Complainant Complaint 

filed 

Instituted 

(date and 

No.) 

Public 

he<ring 

~ • • biS11J111 molybdate catalysts. . Slandanl Oil Co. of Ohio (SOHIO). Cleveland, Ohio. . _ . _ ...... _ .. . 5-3G-75 9-22-75, 

337-TA-20 

wall screws ............... -Superior Dry Wall Screw Mfg. Co., Inc., l.andove( Md ................... _ &-20-75 11- 6-75, 

10-1()-75 337-TA-21 

(amendment) 

plastic bags. _ ......... Minigrip, Inc., Orangeburg, N.Y. .... _ .. _ ......... _ .... _ ... _ ....... . 10-20-75 1· S-76, 

337-TA-22 

7-27-76 

to ~ 4-76 

GlE Sylvania. Inc., and Philco Consumer Electronics Corp., Slamtord, Conn. . .. 1-15-76 3-1&-76. 

6- 1·76 337-TA-23 

(amendment) 

0 2- 3-76 4-13-76, 

3-25-76 337-TA-24 · exeicising devices. . .... _ .. Rainbow Lifeganf Products, Inc., El Monte, Calif. .. _ ....... _ ........... . 

(amendment) 

Coleco Industries, Inc., Hartford, Conn. .. ... _ . _ ........ _ ........... . 2-25-76 4-22-76, 

3-25-76 337-TA-25 

(Sl!JllfemenQ 

· sokfet removal wicis. . ..... Solder Removal Co. and Jesse C. Hood. COVina. Calif .... _ ............. _ . 5-11).16 6-24-76. 

337·TA-26 mot crude and prepared ..... R E. Schanzer Corp., New Orleans, 1.4 .... -....... _ ... _ .. _ .......... . 6-11-76 7- &-76. &-11-76 

to &-14-76 

aUon Arising From Investigations 

nducted Under Section 337 

On January 22, 1976, the U.S. Court of Cusms and Patent Appeals dismissed an appeal 

m an interim Commission decision {Import 

otors Umited, Inc., et al. v. United States lnternanal Trade Commission et al., 530 F.2d 940 

976)). On March 2, 1976, Judge Gerhard Gesell 

the U.S. District Court for the District of Columa granted the Commission's motion to dismiss 

complaint in World-Wide Volkswagen Corp. et 

v. United States International Trade Commisn; Civil Action No. 76-148, on the ground that 

district court lacked jurisdiction. Both of these 

tions sought review of a Commission order disntinuing certain U.S. distributors of Volkswan, Audi, and Porsche 914 automobiles as pars in the first phase of the Commission investigan on monolithic catalytic converters, No. 337 - -:.18. 

9n August 16, 1976, the U.S. Court of CusL~~nd Patent Appeals dismissed the appeal in 

-_ i Gore & Associates, Inc. v. United States 

!(!ational Trade Commission and TBA lndus-

.;;~roducts, Ltd., on motion of the appellant. 

~ •. ~as an appeal from the Commission's nega-

~,9f~er in investigation No. 337-TA-4 (Poly-

~~~OJoethylene in Tape Form), issued April 3, 

lt~t.~c 

337-TA-27 

1976. On August 11, 1976, the court also dismissed American Optical Corp. v. United States International Trade Commission, also on motion of 

the appellant. 

Under the provisions of section 333(c) of the 

Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1333(c)), as amended 

by the Trade Act of 1974, the Commission was 

represented in these matters by the Department 

of Justice, although the Commission assigned 

attorneys from its own staff as liaison in each 

case. 

On April 12, 1976, the Commission filed a peti-. 

tion for leave to inspect and copy documents 

subject to Pretrial Order No. 35 (a confidentiality 

order entered by the court in In Re Japanese 

Electronic Products Antitrust Litigation (M.D.L. 

No. 189)) in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern 

District of Pennsylvania in connection with its investigation No. 337 -TA-23 (Certain Color Television Receiving Sets) and preliminary investigation 

No. 603-TA-1 (Television Receivers From Japan). 

The petition was opposed by the defendants in 

that litigation (Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., 

Ltd., et al., Japanese manufacturers of electronic 

products). On May 3, 1976, the court entered an 

order denying the Commission's petition. 

On May 11, 1976, the Commission filed a petition for reconsideration with the court, and on May 

9 
13, 1976, served pretrial notices of demand, under 

subsection (a}(1) of section 333 of the Tariff Act of 

1930, as amended, upon plaintiffs Zenith Radio 

Corp. and National Union Electric Corp. On May 

25, 1976, the Commission filed with the court a 

petition of writ of mandamus to command compliance with demand by the United States International Trade Commission. On August 18, 1976, the 

court entered an order denying the Commission's 

motion for reconsideration and petition 1or writ of 

mandamus to command compliance with demand by the United States International Trade 

Commission. On October 22, 1976, the Commission filed a notice of appeal from this ruling. 

ANTIDUMPING ACT, 1921, AS AMENDED 

Provisions of the Antidumping Act 

Section 201(a)1• of the Antidumping Act, 192,;J, provides that 

whenever the Secretary of the Treasury advises the Commission 

that a class or kind of foreign merchandise is being, or is likely to 

be, sold in the United States or elsewhere at less than its fair value, 

the Commission shall determine within 3 months whether an industry in the United States is being or is likely to be injured, or is 

prevented from being established, by reason of the importation of 

such merchandise. At the conclusion of its investigation, the 

Commission notifies the Secretary of the Treasury of its determination. If the Commission determines in the affirmative, the Secretary 

of the Treasury issues a finding of dumping. 

During fiscal 1976, the Commission completed 15 investigations under section 201(a) of 

the Antidumping Act; 4 others were in progress at 

1419 U.S.C. 160 et seq. 

15Under the Antidumping Act, decisions in which the Commissioners voting are evenly divided in their findings are deemed to be in the 

affirmative. 

the end of the year. The Commission's determinations were affirmative in 4 cases15 and negative in 

11 cases. Whenever the Commission made affirmative decisions, the Treasury Department was 

required to issue formal findings of dumping, and 

the described imports became subject to special 

dumping notices. The investigations are summarized in the table on the following page. 

On September 30, 1976, the following investi- .. 

gations were in progress under the Antidumping 

Act: 

Investigation No. Mieles concerned 

AA1921-159 .... Tantalum electrolytic fixed capacitors from Japan. 

AA1921-160 .... Knitting machines for ladies' seamless hosieiy, 

from Italy. 

AA1921-161 .... Portland hydraulic cement from Mexico. 

AA1921-162 .... Melamine in crystal form from Japan. 

Amendments to the Antidumping Act 

The Trade Act of 1974 amended the Antidumping Act, 

1921, in a number of respects. The Secretary of the Treasury is now authorized to forward to the Commission any 

investigations of alleged sales at less than fair value in 

which he believes there is substantial doubt that an industry in the United States is being or is likely to be injured, or 

is prevented from being established, by reason of the 

importation of the subject merchandise. The Commission 

determines, within 30 days, whether there is no reasonable indication that an industry is being or is likely to be 

injured, or is prevented from being established. If the 

Commission finds no reasonable indication, it is required 

to so advise the Secretary, and the ongoing investigation 

shall be terminated. 

During fiscal 1976, four such investigations were 

referred to the Commission; all were completed 

within the 30-day period. They are summarized in 

the following table. 

Antldumping inquiries completed, July 1, 1975-Sept. 30, 1976 

llMIStigalJon 

No. Artides concerned 

AA1921-lnq.-2 ..... New, DrHllHlig~ four-wheeled, passenger auto- mobiles from Belgium, Canada, FllllCe. Ital¥ Jap;11, 

Sweden, Ille United Kingdom, ;rid Wes1 Gennany. 

AA1921-lnq.-3 ..... Portland hydrallic cemen~ olher than white nonstaining cement, horn Mexico. 

Advice 

received 

from 

1easUIY 

8- 7-75 

11-18-75 

AA1921-lnq.-4 ...... Multimelal lilhographic plales from Mexico .......... 4-22-76 

AA1921-lnq.-5 ..... Monosodium glulamale from Korea ................ 5-11-76 

10 

1 On aulDmObiles from Belgi1111, Canada. frlllce. S'Ne<len, and Ille United Kingdom. 

•on aulllmobiles from Japan, West Geimaly, and Hal~ 

•Concurred in part . 

P.Jblic 

hearing 

8-1!1-75 

12- 5-75 

Convnissioneis--

Did nol find lhal '!here 

FOllld !hat "1here is no is no reasonable indicareasonallle lndicalion of lion of [injury]" 

[injury]" (hasury • (1easury continues its 

minates its im1estigalion) lnvesligalion) 

Minchew Leonard 

Ablondi' Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi2 

Minchew Leonard 

Ablondi3 Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi3 

5- IH6 Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

6- 1-76 Leonard Bedell 

Minchew Parker 

Moore Ablondi 

Did nol 

participate 

Commission's report 

b 

Secretary 

of 

Tieasury 

9- S.75 

12-lS.75 

5-21-76 

6-lll-76 

USITC Publication No. 

739 

751 

ns 

778 
Antidumping investigations completed, July 1, 1975-Sept. 30, 1976 

Commissioners' voles Commission's report 

Investigation 

No. 

Articles 

concerned 

Al\1921-146 ....... Lock-in amplifiers and parts !hereof from the United 

Kingdom. 

Al\1921-147 ....... Eleclric golf cars lrom Poland ................ . 

Al\1921-148 .....• Vinyl clad fence fabric from Canada ......••.•... 

Al\1921-149 ...... Certain nonpowerecl hand IDols from Japan ...... . 

AA1921-150 ...... Birch three-j,ry door skins from Japan. 

AA1921-151 ...... Butadiene acrylonibile rubber from Japan ........ . 

M 1921-134A and Primary lead metal from Australia and Cwlfa. .... 

135A. 

M1921-152 .•.... watef.circulating pumps from Ille Uniled Kingdom. 

M1921-153 ..•.. • .. Clear pol)lmelhyl melhacrylate of pellet, powde( flake, 

granular, or similar rorrns from Japiln. 

M1921-154 ...... Aaylic sheet from Japan ................... . 

AA1921-155 .....• Hollow or wed ceramic brick and me from Canada. 

'.AA1921-156, 157 ·. ~.nl 158. • Alpine ski bindings from Auslria. Swllzerland, and 

West Gennany. 

Advice 

received 

from 

Treaswy 

4- 2-75 

6-16-75 

7-24-75 

9- 2-75 

10-10-75 

12-29-75 

1- 5-76 

2-27-76 

3-19-76 

4-26-76 

4-30-76 

5-28-76 

Pubflc 

hearing 

5-20-75 

7-29-75 

and 

7-30-75 

10-22-75 

10-22-75 

and 

10-23-75 

11-13-75 

2-11-76 

2-24-76 

ID 

2-26-76 

4-20-76 

5-11-76 

6- 8-76 

6-15-76 

and 

6-16-76 

7-12-76 

~#;~ Parker abslalned from voting ID avoid any possibility or appearance of conflict of Interest 

Finding 

of 

Commission Affirmative 

Negative 

Affirmative 

Negative 

-doAffirmative 

Negative 

Affirmative 

Negative 

Affirmative 

Negative 

-doLeonard 

Minchew 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Leonanf 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Negative 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Moore 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minehew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Minchew 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minehew 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minellew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Leonard 

Minchew 

Moore 

Bedell 

Parker 

Ablondi 

Not 

participating 

Parker' 

Moore' 

bSecrelary 

of Treasury 

7- 2-75 

9-16-75 

10-24-75 

12- 2-75 

1-12-76 

3-29-76 

4-21-76 

5-27-76 

6-21-76 

7-26-76 

7-29-76 

8-27-76 

USITC 

Publication 

No. 

736 

740 

744 

7-48 

754 

764 

772 

m 

780 

784 

785 

7eli 

~cl:· .Conwnissioner Moore did not vote in this tale, and, pursuant ID sec. 173 of Ille Trade Act of 1974, he is required to furnish reasons lor not voting. His reasons are as follows: . . · jl) When !he Chairman of !he Conmission called lorlhe vote in this case on June 11, 1976, Commissioner Moore was fully occupied with preparing his dissenting opinion in investigation No. TA-201· 13 (Roond 

Slainless Slee! Wire), wllieh was required to be sent to Ille President by June 14, 1976. . . Europe that he · · !2l llllBI Coovnissioner Moore had completed study of investigation No. Al\1921-153 il1d was prepared to vote on the case, his colleagues were so widely dispersed m the Umled Stales and 

.cllcicled lhal a reopening of the vote WOtJld have inconvenienced his colleagues and would have required an excessive expenditure of Federal funds. . . . 

~-Con111issioner Moore's participation in the vole on this case could not have changed the result since the other 5 Commissioriers had voted unanimoosJy ~ ~ "!!'!~· ,_, .. ;..;.,,., Leonanl, who was ChainTBI of the Commission at this time, and Commissioner Ablondl ~that willl respecl ID the reasons for Commissioner Moores n ,....:·' 

(l) 1!-rCConvniSsioners Leonard and 1.blondi) were also oa:upied with preparing an opinion in investigation No. TA-201-13 (Round Slainless Steel Wire) wllell ~ Vf!le o)n !; Ml92I 

~~~.~~ an opinion in one or more investigations often must be prepared simullaneOusly wifll a vote being laken on one or mo~ :~~~~ be · · ·":""'.....,.... Leonard nl Ablondi were available tor a YOle at all times :subsequent ID June 11 through Ille date on which the report on · 

by any reopening of Ille vote. 
Litigation Arising From Investigations Conducted Under the Antidumplng Act 

In a complaint filed with the Customs Court on 

September 2, 1975, and now pending in that 

court, Voss International Corp. asserted, inter alia, 

that the injury determination of the Commission in 

investigation No. AA1921-91 (Asbestos Cement 

Pipe From Japan) is invalid. On May 18, 1976, 

complainant filed a motion for summary judgment 

on the above-described cause of action. Acting 

on behalf of the Commission, the Department of 

Justice filed a cross motion for partial summary 

judgment as to the above-described cause of 

action, asserting that the Commission's determination of injury was valid as a matter of law. On 

August 25, 1976, the court ordered that the case 

be remanded to the Commission. On September 

28, 1976, the Commission voted to decline to reconsider its determination in its investigation because the Commission made a valid determination of injury pursuant to section 201(a) of the 

Antidumping Act, 1921, as amended. 

On July 23, 1975, SCM Corp. brought an action against the United States International Trade 

Commission and others seeking, inter alia, to 

compel the Commission to set aside a negative 

determination of injury in investigation No. 

AA1921 -145 (Portable Electric Typewriters From 

Japan). On August 15, 1975, the court dismissed 

the case for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction, 

and on August 19, 1975, plaintiff filed a notice of 

appeal, which was pending at the close of the 

transition period. 

SECTION 22 OF THE AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT, AS AMENDED 

Section 2216 of the Agricultural Adjustment 

Act, as amended, provides that12 

Whenever the Secretary of Agriculture has reason to 

believe that any article or articles are being or are practically certain to be imported into the United States under 

such conditions and in such quantities as to render or tend 

to render ineffective, or materially interfere with, any program or operation undertaken ... by the Department of 

Agriculture, or any agency operating under its direction, 

with respect to any agricultural commodity or product 

thereof, or to reduce substantially the amount of any product processed in the United States from any agricultural 

commodity or product thereof with respect to which any 

such program or operation is being undertaken, he shall 

so advise the President, and, if the President agrees that 

there is reason for such belief, the President shall cause an 

immediate investigation to be made by the United States 

167 u.s.c. 624. 

International Trade Commission, which shall give precedence to investigations under this section to determine 

such facts. Such investigation shall be made after due 

notice and opportunity for hearing to interested parties, 

and shall be conducted subject to such regulations as the 

President shall specify. 

Pursuant to a request of the President, dated 

March 26, 1976, the Commission conducted investigation No. 22-40 on dried milk mixtures. A 

public hearing was held on May 25, 1976, and the ., 

report (USITC Publication 783) was transmitted to 

the President on July 21, 1976. The Commission 

(Commissioners Leonard and Ablondi dissenting) found that certain of the subject articles were 

being, or were practically certain to be, imported 

into the United States under such conditions and 

in such quantities as to render or tend to render 

ineffective, or materially interfere with, the pricesupport program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for milk, or to reduce substantially the 

amount of products processed in the United 

States from domestic milk. 

Commissioners Minchew, Moore, Bedell, and 

Parker recommended a modification of the article 

description in item 950.19 17 of the TSUS. Commissioners Leonard and Ablondi recommended 

the termination of item 950.19. 

The President also sought the Commission's 

advice with respect to a recommendation he received from the Secretary of Agriculture that the 

$10 aggregate value limitation 18 for the exclusion 

of certain articles (except cotton and cotton 

waste) 19 from quota restrictions should be adjusted, and that the authority for making such an 

adjustment .and any further adjustments which 

may become necessary in the future should be 

vested in the Secretary of Agriculture. 

The President requested that the Commission's advice on this recommendation include the 

amounts of any increases deemed appropriate in 

the limitation at the present time. The Commission 

unanimously recommended that the monetary 

limitation be raised to $25. The Commission 

(Commissioners Bedell and Parker dissenting) 

recommended that the authority for making 

further adjustment in this limit not be vested in the 

Secretary of Agriculture. 

"Certain dried milk mixtures which are prohibited from importation 

into the United States. 

'"As provided for in headnote 2(b) of pt. 3 of the Appendix to the 

Tariff Schedules of the United States. 

191f imported as samples tor taking orders, for the personal use of 

the importer, or for research. 
In addition to its statutory obligations to conduct public investigations, the Commission assists the legislative and executive branches of 

Government and also answers many inquiries from the public (about 

800 this year). As the international economic research arm of the Government, it maintains a 66,000-volume library, which subscribes to about 

1,200 periodicals. This facility houses not only publications in international trade and U.S. tariff and commercial policy, but also many business and technical journals. In addition, the Commission's Office of the 

General Counsel maintains a law library and a comprehensive file of 

documents on legislation affecting U.S. trade. 

TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM 

The Commission regularly assists the executive branch of the Government in work connected with the trade agreements program. Assistance is provided to the President primarily through the Office of the 

Special Representative for Trade Negotiations (STA), 1 the executive 

branch center for many trade-agreement activities. Substantial Commission assistance is also given directly to particular executive departments, such as the Departments of State, Commerce, Labor, Agriculture, and Treasury, which have responsibilities in the program, and to 

other White House offices, such as the Council on International Economic Policy and the President's Economic Policy Board. 

Under section 163(b) of the Trade Act of 1974, the Commission is to 

submit a yearly report to Congress on the operation of the trade 

agreements program. The 26th report, covering calendar year 1974, 

was issued in fiscal year 1976. 

The Commission's work as it related to the trade agreements program during fiscal 1976 fell into three major areas. The first consisted of 

assembling tariff, commodity, and statistical information in support of 

activities associated with the current round of multilateral trade negotiations or the program's daily operation. The second involved technical 

assistance to the STA in work related to implementation and operation of 

the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). The third involved technical assistance to the STA in conducting the interagency executive 

branch review of certain reports which the Commission submits to the 

President. 

'The Special Trade Representative is a chief representative of the United States at trade-agreement 

negotiations, to whom the President has delegated many of his functions under the Trade Act of 1974 

(Executive Order 11846, Mar. 27, 1975). A member of his staff serves as Chairman of the Trade Policy 

Staff Committee, which obtains information and advice from Government agencies and other sources 

and recommends policies and actions to the Special Representative. The U.S. International Trade 

Commission is represented on the Trade Policy Staff Committee, but does not vote and does not 

participate in decisions on policy matters because it is the policy research and factfinding agency for 

both Congress and the executive branch. 

0 

F I 

=-

~ 

-~ 

13 
Multilateral Trade Negotiations 

A seventh round of comprehensive multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) under the auspices 

of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 

(GATI) opened in September 1973. The negotiations were in progress in Geneva, Switzerland, 

throughout the period covered by this report. The 

Commission provided technical assistance to the 

STR in several areas of the preparation for, and 

conduct of, the negotiations. Commission staff 

participated in the public hearings held throughout the United States in the summer and fall of 

1975 by the Trade Policy Staff Committee as part 

of the administration's preparation for the negotiations. A computerized file of U.S. tariff rates and a 

series of numerous computer tabulations on U.S. 

imports were prepared for the U.S. delegation in 

Geneva. Technical assistance was regularly provided to many of the Washington-based task 

forces which provide support for the U.S. delegation, including extensive assistance in assembling statistics and other data for the U.S. offer on 

tropical products. Commission staff and Commissioners participated in Geneva meetings of 

the MTN negotiating groups, and in January 1976 

a member of the Commission staff joined the 

permanent U.S. MTN delegation in Geneva. In 

addition to the above activities, the Commission 

began a number of long-range research projects 

to provide information on topics which the STR 

had indicated would be helpful for future conduct 

of the negotiations, which are expected to continue at least through 1977." 

The Commission continued to supply the 

GATI Secretariat in Geneva with compilations of 

data on U.S. imports, tariffs, and trade-agreement 

obligations. Most of this was part of a continuing 

compilation of trade and tariff information to provide basic data for the multilateral trade negotiations. Since virtually all international tariff and 

trade work is conducted in terms of the product 

classifications of the Customs Cooperation 

Council Nomenclature (formerly called the Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (BTN)), the Commission 

regularly provides the GATT Secretariat with information on the concordance between the Tariff 

Schedules of the United States (TSUS) and the 

BTN. This concordance is continuously being updated at the Commission. 

14 

Work required for the regular operation of the 

trade agreements program, apart from MTN activities, included, inter alia, assembly of information detailing the interest of Japan in U.S. imports 

of products on which the United States has taken 

escape-clause or other actions to limit imports. 

The information was for use in a series of continuing consultations with Japan on the balance of " 

concessions between the United States and 

Japan under the GATT, and the effect which certain U.S. escape-clause actions have had on that 

balance. Work was also done on new protocols 

which have been proposed to expand the product coverage of the Agreement on the Importation 

of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Materials 

(the Florence Agreement) and on a proclamation 

to restore the rate of duty on certain brandy to a 

much higher level. That higher level had been 

imposed a number of years ago as retaliation 

against actions by the European Community affecting U.S. exports of poultry. In 1974, the retaliatory rate on brandy valued not over $17 per 

gallon was terminated and the concession rate 

restored pending action by the European Community to improve conditions for entry of U.S. 

poultry into the European market. The improved 

entry conditions did not materialize. 

Generalized System of Preferences 

The Trade Act of 197 4 gave the President authority to establish a Generalized System of Preferences under which eligible articles that are the 

product of designated beneficiary developing 

countries can be imported into the United States 

free of duty. The Special Trade Representative 

and the Secretary of State are jointly responsible 

for the administration of the GSP. Several months 

of preparatory work in which the Commission participated extensively culminated in the issuance 

of Executive Order 11888, which implemented the 

GSP effective January ·1, 1976. The Commission 

provided technical assistance in a detailed interagency review of the Commission's advice on 

the probable economic effect of granting GSP 

duty-free treatment on individual articles, as well 

as assistance in preparation of the order implementing the GSP. In addition, Commission personnel worked on establishing a system for 

monitoring GSP imports and did the major part of 
the work entailed in application of the "competitive need" criteria set out in section 504 of the 

Trade Act. For the first and second executive 

branch reviews of the operation of GSP, part of 

which consisted of public hearings held by the 

Trade Policy Staff Committee, the STR was 

supplied technical data on U.S. production of and 

trade in almost 200 articles on which petitions had 

been submitted for a modification of their GSP 

status. 

Executive Branch Review of Commission Reports 

Many of the reports which the Commission 

submits to the President under various statutes, 

such as section 201 of the Trade Act of 1974, 

involve matters on which action by the President 

would affect trade-agreement obligations of the 

United States. Executive branch review of these 

reports for the purpose of formulating executive 

branch recommendations to the President is usually centered in the office of the Special Trade 

Representative. The Commission provides technical assistance in the review process, including 

such supplemental information as may be required. During the period covered by this report 

.Jhe Commission submitted nine reports to the 

President on investigations which were instituted 

as a result of petitions for import relief under sec-

·.· ti.on 201 of the Trade Act. These reports required 

~ventual action by the President. 2 Following the 

.President's decision not to impose import restric-

. :·. t.ions in the footwear case, the Commission under-

·•• took to assist in monitoring developments in foot-

.:~;,'f'ear trade through the monthly submission of 

':statistical data on imports and U.S. production. 

<::jWith respect to the specialty steels case, th~ 

·;(}~ommission provided data to assist in negotia-

~l~t1ons for orderly marketing agreements, aided in 

·"'. he preparation of the President's proclamation 

posing quotas on imports, and later, at the reest of the President, established an elaborate 

orting system for' monitoring domestic producand trade in specialty steels. 

e reports concerned investigations in which a majority of the 

ission found that a domestic industry was being seriously injured 

PClrts, or threatened with serious injury, or in which the Commisas evenly divided on the question of injury. The products involved 

asparagus. stainless steel and alloy tool steel, slide fasteners and 

' footwear, stainless steel table flatware. mushrooms. iron blue 

Is, shrimp, and honey. 

UNIFORM STATISTICAL DATA ON IMPORTS, 

EXPORTS, AND PRODUCTION 

The enactment of the Trade Act of 1974 significantly enlarged the Commission's activities 

and responsibilities for developing methods to 

provide improved statistics. The act seeks to 

promote the achievement of comparability of 

statistics on domestic production, imports, and 

exports published by the Federal Government 

and used by the Commission in its analyses of 

international trade matters and by Government 

and business in general. It also provides that consideration be given to the formulation of an international statistical reporting system. 

Activities Under Section 484(e) of the Tariff Act 

of 1930 

Section 608(a) of the Trade Act of 1974 

amended section 484(e)3 of the Tariff Act of 1930 

by providing for comparability of U.S. import, 

production, and export data, as follows: 

{e) Statistical Enumeration. - The Secretary of the 

Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, and the United 

States International Trade Commission are authorized and 

directed to establish from time to time for statistical purposes an enumeration of articles in such detail as in their 

judgment may be necessary, comprehending all merchandise imported into the United States and exported 

from the United States. and shall seek, in conjunction with 

statistical programs for domestic production, to establish 

the comparability thereof with such enumeration of articles. All import entries and export declarations shall include or have attached thereto an accurate statement 

specifying, in terms of such detailed enumeration the 

kinds and quantities of all merchandise imported' and 

exported and the value of the total quantity of each kind of 

article. 

During fiscal year 1976 the Commission provided a detailed comparison of the three systems 

indicating the extent of product detail currently 

included in each general category and providing 

a basis for identifying the extent of product comparability currently existing among the three systems. It was then necessary to determine the extent of product refinement or detail which should 

be provided for on a comparable basis among the 

three or between any two of the systems. For this 

purpose the Commission staff and the staffs of the 

other agencies involved held over 235 interagency meetings and reached agreement on 189 

319 u.s.c. 1484(e). 

15 
of the 212 subparts which make up the enumeration. Work was also begun on the preparation of a 

series of four tables for public comment indicating 

the proposed revisions to each of the three systems involved and the levels of product comparability thereby obtained. During fiscal year 

1976 the Commission completed approximately 

90 percent of the tables for which it is responsible. 

Section 608(b) of the Trade Act of 197 4 provides 

as follows: 

(b) In carrying out the responsibilities under section 

484(e), Tariff Act of 1930 and other pertinent statutes, the 

Secretary of Commerce and the United States International Trade Commission shall conduct jointly a study of 

existing commodity classification systems with a view to 

identifying the appropriate principles and concepts which 

should guide the organization and development of an 

enumeration of articles which would result in comparability 

of United States import, production, and export data. The 

Secretary and the United States International Trade Commission shall submit a report to both Houses of Congress 

and to the President with respect to such study no later 

than August 1, 1975. 

During the first part of fiscal year 1976 the Secretary of Commerce and the Commission formulated and submitted the above-mentioned report 

to the Senate, the House of Representatives, and 

the President. 

Harmonized Commodity Code 

Pursuant to section 608(c) of the Trade Act of 

1974, in fiscal year 1975 the Commission undertook an investigation under section 332(g) of the 

Tariff Act of 1930 which would provide the basis 

for-

(1) a report on the appropriate concepts and principles 

which should underlie the formulation of an international 

commodity code adaptable for modernized tariff nomenclature purposes and for recording, handling. and reporting of transactions in national and international trade. taking into account how such a code could meet the needs of 

sound customs and trade reporting practices reflecting 

the interests of United States and other countries, such 

report to be submitted to both Houses of Congress and to 

the President as soon as feasible, but in any event, no later 

than June 1, 1975; and 

(2) full and immediate participation by the United 

States International Trade Commission in the United States 

contribution to technical work of the Harmonized Systems 

[sic] Committee under the Customs Cooperation Council 

to assure the recognition of the rieeds of the United States 

business c,bmmunity in the development of a Harmonized 

Code reflecting sound principles of commodity identification and specification anc;j modern producing methods 

and trading practices .... 

The Commission submitted the abovementioned report to the Congress and the Presi16 

dent on June 1, 1975.4 In addition, the Commission has participated in the U.S. contribution to 

the technical work of the Harmonized System 

Committee by preparing comments on the parts 

of the Harmonized Code dealing with paper and 

paper products, footwear, articles of nonmetallic 

minerals, ceramic and glass articles, and tools 

and machinery, and by providing technical assistance to the U.S. delegate to the Harmonized 

System Committee at Committee sessions. In an 

effort to afford all interested parties an opportunity 

to participate in the Commission's role in drafting 

these comments to the Harmonized Code, the 

Commission held hearings on the various chapters throughout the year. 

Statistical Data 

New statistical data on the valuation of U.S. 

imports became available for the first time in 1975, 

pursuant to the requirements of section 609 of the 

Trade Act of 1974. This data, including f.a.s. 

value, 5 total charges in moving goods from 

foreign ports to the U.S. port of unlading, and c.i.f. 

value6 were added to basic data files used for 

analytical work at the Commission. A special type 

of data was obtained containing information on 

the import transactions of related parties. A study 

of related-party transactions in U.S. import trade 

is contemplated; the special data will also be 

incorporated into analytical data for Commission 

investigations and other Commission studies. 

A program to collect and maintain a sample of 

about 1 percent of the customs entry documents 

•u.s. Congress. House Committee on Ways and Means, Concepts 

and Principles Which Should Underlie the Formulation of an International Commodity Code: Communication From the Chairman, U.S. 

International Trade Commission . ... H. Doc. No. 94-175 (94th Cong., 

1st sess.), 1975. 

5The f.a.s. value represents the transaction value of imports at the 

foreign port of exportation. It is based on the purchase price, i.e., the 

actual transaction value, and generally includes all charges incurred in 

placing the merchandise alongside the carrier at the port of exportation 

in the country of exportation. 

6The c.i.f. value represents the value of imports at the first port of 

entry in the United States. It is based on the purchase price and 

includes all freight, insurance, and other charges (excluding U.S. import duties) incurred in bringing the merchandise from the country of 

exportation and generally placing it alongside the carrier at the first port 

of entry in the United States. If the merchandise was acquired in a 

transaction between related parties, the purchase price used in deriving the c.i.f. value is based on an arm's-length equivalent transaction 

price, i.e., a price which would exist between unrelated buyers and ~~ . 

.. 
filed at each U.S. port was continued in cooperation with the U.S. Customs Service. This information is used in studies of the Commission related 

to trade agreements, in work by the staff on comparability of import, export, and production data, 

and in investigations. Other Government agencies which have requested access to this file include the Departments of the Treasury, Labor, and 

Agriculture. 

The Commission staff continued its efforts toward improvement of accuracy of import statistics 

through consultation with the Bureau of the Census on matters of statistical reporting. Several 

problems regarding the availability of data and 

specific cases of misreporting were investigated 

jointly and corrected. Plans were made for further 

cooperative effort, including a review and revision 

of the computer edit programs used by Census. 

The ultimate aim of this effort is an improvement in 

the quality of trade data used by the Commission 

in its investigations and other work on current 

trade matters and by others in industry and Government. 

The Commission added substantially to the 

statistical data obtained, compiled, or made 

available for analysis of international trade. Special data files were developed on trade under the 

GSP, imports under the provisions of TSUS items 

. 8()6.30 and 807.00, and import transactions of 

related parties. U.S. import and export data were 

compiled to update the Trade Agreement Digests 

through 1975. These digests provide basic economic and statistical data for commodities subjeCt to possible duty reductions in the current 

(seventh) round of trade negotiations under the 

GATT. Statistical information in the form of tabula-

. tions or data tapes was made available to the 

Special Trade Representative, the Department of 

···State, and congressional committees. 

. Regular programs continued for the analysis 

of individual import transactions based on entry 

"'•;clocuments for the Port of New York and statistical 

W;}jocuments at the Census Bureau headquarters at 

"1X§uitland, Md. About 115,000 transactions were 

··r:icluded in the analyses. These programs were 

"xpanded in fiscal year 1976 to include analysis of 

)(Port transactions. About 36,000 shippers' ex-

. ~. declarations were reviewed, mainly in con-

,1,H~n with developing a commodity classification system which provides comparability of U.S. 

import and export data. 

PREPARATION OF THE TARIFF SCHEDULES 

OF THE UNITED STATES ANNOTATED 

The Tariff Schedules of the United States Annotated {TSUSA) is published periodically by the 

Commission. The TSUSA contains the classifications used for reporting import data by commodity 

and by supplying countries. The schedules delineate some 11,000 commodity classifications for 

which import statistics are collected. At appropriate intervals the TSUSA is updated to reflect the 

effects of legislation, Presidential proclamations 

carrying out trade-agreement concessions, and 

other modifications of the schedules. 

In September 1975, the Commission issued 

supplement 2 to the 1975 TSUSA; work on this 

supplement was begun in fiscal 1975. 

The Commission published the ninth (1976) 

edition of the TSUSA in November 1975. The 1976 

TSUSA reflects (1) supplements 1 and 2 to the 

eighth edition (1975); (2) Executive Order 11888 

implementing the Generalized System of Preferences; (3) Public Laws 94-108 and 94-120; (4) 

statistical annotations, effective January 1, 1976 

(formulated pursuant to sec. 484{e), Tariff Act of 

1930); (5) a new Bureau of the Census reporting 

system (Schedule C-1) to facilitate the compilation 

of separate import data for all countries and territories designated as beneficiary developing 

countries under the GSP; and (6) a new U.S. 

International Trade Commission reference index 

of economic communities and organizations, 

free-trade areas, marketing blocks, and other 

special trading groups in terms of Schedule C-1 

country or territory designation. 

By the close of fiscal year 1976, supplements 1 

and 2 to the 1976 TSUSA had been issued, and 

supplement 3 had been delivered to the Government Printing Office for publication. 

PERIODIC REPORTS ON COMMODITIES 

Synthetic Organic Chemicals 

The Commission has regularly prepared annual and monthly reports on synthetic organic 

chemicals, plastics, and resin materials. The annual reports have been published since 1918; the 

17 
monthly production reports evolved from studies 

of hundreds of organic chemicals begun during 

World War I. 

Government uses of these data reportedly include trade adjustment assistance by the Department of Labor, planning and investigations by 

the Food and Drug Administration, possible concessions in trade negotiations by the STA, and 

monitoring the economy (particularly the chemical industry) by the Council on Wage and Price 

Stability. The business community, including industry, consultants, and financial analysts, also 

reportedly use these data extensively. 

To increase the usefulness of the data and the 

timeliness of their publication, automatic data 

processing will be used to prepare and print the 

1975 annual report for the first time. 

Annual reports.-The 58th annual report on 

U.S. production and sales of synthetic organic 

chemicals, covering calendar year 1974, was released by the Commission on July 20, 1976.7 

Fourteen groups of chemicals were involved: 

Tar and tar crudes 

Crude products from petroleum 

and natural gas for chemical conversion 

Cyclic intermediates 

Dyes 

Organic pigments 

Medicinal chemicals 

Flavor and perfume materials 

Plastics and resin materials 

Rubber-processing chemicals 

Elastomers (synthetic rubber) 

Plasticizers 

Surface-active agents 

Pesticides and related products 

Miscellaneous cyclic and acyclic 

organic chemicals. 

Separate preliminary reports for each of the 14 

groups were issued in the period June-September 1976; these reports, when revised and combined, will constitute the 1975 annual report. 

Approximately 800 manufacturers report data 

on some 8,000 chemical products to the Commission; these data form the bases of the preliminary reports and the annual report. Also included 

in the annual report are a directory of manufacturers for each of the named chemicals and chemical products and a summary table covering im7Synthetic Organic Chemicals, United States Production and Sa/es, 

1974, USITC Publication 776, 1976. 

18 

ports of related products (i.e., benzenoid intermediates, dyes, medicinal chemicals, and other 

finished coal-tar products). The data in the summary table are from another Commission publication, Imports of Benzenoid Chemicals and Products, and are obtained by analyzing invoices 

covering most of the general imports of benzenoid chemicals. 

Monthly reports. - The monthly production 

reports (Series C/P) add timeliness to the Commission's statistics. A report, containing production data for the selected synthetic organic chemicals, plastics, and resins (trend-setting indicator 

materials), is issued for each month at a date 

approximately 5 weeks thereafter. 

Quantitative Determinations 

As required by statute, Executive order, or 

Presidential proclamation, the Commission submitted annual reports during fiscal 1976 on U.S. 

consumption of watch movements, 8 brooms,9 

and knives, forks, and spoons with stainless steel 

handles. 10 

ASSISTANCE TO THE CONGRESS 

In fiscal year 1976 a substantial part of the 

·commission's activity continued to involve responses to requests from the Congress on tariff 

and trade matters. 

During the period the Commission submitted 

41 reports on proposed legislation involving tariffs 

and international trade (see app. B). Attorneys 

and commodity analysts furnished technical information at a number of congressional hearings. 

ASSISTANCE TO EXECUTIVE 

DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES 

Pursuant to section 334 of the Tariff Act of 

1930, the Commission cooperated with other 

Government agencies on matters of common 

interest concerning international trade and customs and tariff policy. During fiscal 1976 the 

Commission worked extensively with established 

•Public Law 89-805 (80 Stat. 1521, 1522); Public Law 89--241 (79 

Stat. 948, 949). 

9Executive Order 11377 implements headnote 3 to schedule 7, pt. 

8, subpt. A. of the TSUS. 

10Presidential Proclamation 4076 implements headnote 2(c) to pt. 

2. subpt. D, of the Appendix to the TSUS. 
committees in the Bureau of the Census and the 

customs Service. Commission staff members 

also served on the following permanent interdepartmental committees (in addition to other committees previously mentioned in this report): 

Technical Committee on Standard Industrial Classification 

lnteragency Committee on Automatic Data Processing 

Federal Committee on International Statistics 

u. S. Metric Study Committee 

lnteragency Committee To Identify and Classify Cheeses 

and Other Dairy Products Offered for Importation 

commodity Advisory Committees under the Office of 

Emergency Preparedness 

lnteragency Advisory Committee on Customs Cooperation Council Matters. 

The Commission supplied statistics, background information, and analyses on various 

1

co1J1modities to many different Federal depart1ments and agencies, including the Departments 

lot State, Defense, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, 

[Justice, Health, Education, and Welfare, and lnteirior, and the Environmental Protection Agency. In 

18.ddition, the Commission worked with the Federal 

!E:nergy Administration in the areas of petroleum 

iand petrochemicals. ~ -': :: .- ' 

1···· 

!ASSISTANCE TO THE PUBLIC 

·· : Over the years, industry, the press, technical 

!societies, business men and women, lawyers, 

:!E:!Presentatives of consumer interests, unions, 

!~fate and local legislators, students, teachers, 

~.cl,others have consistently turned to the Commission for factual and technical information and 

q~t~ on a broad range of subjects involving interQftt19nal trade. Fiscal year 1976 saw a sizable 

2Lg~h in requests. The Commissioners and the 

Rr19!.e,ssional staff members-commodityLq~H.~Jry analysts, lawyers, international econoaccountants, and librarians - replied to 

numerous requests. Commissioners or staff 

members often responded orally or informally to 

inquiries at meetings of trade associations and 

other professional groups. Commissioners and 

staff spoke to many groups in all parts of the 

country acquainting them with the work of, and 

the services which could be supplied by, the 

USITC. During fieldwork to gather data required 

for the work of the Commission, and especially at 

the regional hearings, Commissioners and staff 

members frequently received requests for information, which they supplied orally or by mail after 

returning to Washington. The Commission also 

periodically publishes trade data used by private 

trade groups. The Commission strongly believes 

that the public, as well as the executive and legislative branches, is entitled to access to as much 

information as possible compiled by the 

Commission. 

Freedom of Information Act Litigation 

On April 1, 1975, suit was brought against the 

Commission in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (Civil Action No. 75-0465) seeking declaratory judgment to set aside the records 

search fee provided for in subsection 201.20(a) of 

the Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure with respect to an alleged violation of section 

552(a)(4)(A) of the Freedom of Information Act. In 

response to this suit, on July 21, 1975, the Commission promulgated in final form an amended 

subsection 201.20(a) of its Rules of Practice and 

Procedure (40 F. R. 31211) after providing for public comment in a notice of proposed rulemaking 

(40 F. R. 23478). 

On the basis of the amendment, which 

overcame the basis of the suit, the Government 

moved that the court dismiss the subject suit for 

mootness. 

19 
UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION 

THE COMMISSION 

I 

;------------------ _i _____________ _ •

EXECUTIVE 

DIRECTOR 

I 

!------------i-- -------------------i ,_ ________ ..__. ____ _, P------..... ~·--------..... I ,_ ____ _,,1 __ .._ ______ _ 

20 

OFFICE OF THE 

GENERAL COUNSEL 

OFFICE OF 

ECONOMIC RESEARCH 

ADMINISTRATIVE 

LAW JUDGE 

OFFICE OF 

INVESTIGATION 

Financial 

Management 

Personnel 

and 

Management 

Systems 

Services 

SECRETARY 

OFFICE OF 

TRADE AND INDUSTRY 

Support 

Accounting 

Agriculture 

Ceramics 

Chemicals 

Lumber and Paper 

Metals 

Sundries 

Textiles 

SPECIAL ADVISER FOR 

TRADE AGREEMENTS 

OFFICE OF 

AUTOMATIC 

DATA PROCESSING 
ORGANIZATION OF THE COMMISSION 

On September 30, 1976, the U.S. International Trade Commission 

was composed of 6 Commissioners and 385 staff members. 1 The chart 

on page 20 depicts the Commission's organization at the end of fiscal 

1976.2 . 

Membership of the Commission 

As provided in the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, the six Commissioners of the U.S. International Trade Commission are Presidential 

appointees who are confirmed by the Senate. Commissioners' terms are 

9 years in length; one term expires each 18 months. Not more than three 

Commissioners may belong to the same political party: The Trade Act of 

1974 provides that the Commissioner whose term is next to expire shall 

serve as Chairman during the final 18 months of his term, and the 

Commissioner whose term is second to expire shall serve as Vice 

Chairman. During fiscal 1976 Will E. Leonard served as Chairman, and 

Daniel Minchew served as Vice Chairman. 

The following Commissioners served during fiscal year 1976: 

Commissioner Will E. Leonard, Demoqrat of Louisiana. Mr. Leonard's 

term expires December 16, 1976. 

Commissioner Daniel Minchew, Democrat of Georgia. Mr. Minchew's term expires June 16, 1978. 

Commissioner George M. Moore, Republican of Maryland. Mr. 

Moore's term expires December 16, 1982. 

Commissioner Catherine Bedell, Republican of Washington. Mrs. 

Bedell's term expires June 16, 1984. 

Commissioner Joseph 0. Parker, Republican of Virginia. Mr. Parker's 

term expires December 16, 1979. 

Commissioner ltalo H. Ablondi, Democrat of New York. Mr. Ablondi's 

term expires June 16, 1981. 

Executive Staff of the Commission 

Office of Executive Director 

lrvingl Raines, Executive Director 

Office of Investigation 

Edward P. Furlow, Director 

-Charles W. Ervin, Deputy Director 

Office of Economic Research 

George N. Ecklund, Director 

· Vacant, Deputy Director 

·'Temporary employees not included. 

'An extensive Commission reorganization will be implemented on Jan. 1, 1977, that will enable a 

somewhat smaller staff to more effectively respond to Presidential, congressional, and public requests . 

. e various staff sections will gain the strength and flexibility necessary to assume the additional 

. ,n,sibilities given to the Commission i.n the Trade Act of 1974. 

= Q.. 

9 

11-1 • 

= 11-1 • 

tll 

f I 

..., 

= f I 

11-1• 

Q 

= 

21 
Office of the General Counsel 

Russell N. Shewmaker, General Counsel 

Office of Trade and Industry 

Robert A. Cornell, Director 

Aaron H. Chesser, Deputy Director 

Support 

Joseph L. Williams, Chief 

Accounting Division 

Victor R. Christensen, Chief 

Commodity Divisions: 

Agriculture 

Leonard E. Jensen, Chief 

Ceramics 

William E. Wright, Chief 

Chemicals 

Aimison Jonnard, Chief 

Lumber and Paper 

Vacant, Chief 

Metals 

Charles W. Daiker, Chief 

Sundries 

Selma L. Coble, Chief 

Textiles 

Larry B. Clayton, Chief 

Office of the Secretary 

Kenneth R. Mason, Secretary 

Special Adviser for Trade Agreements 

William T. Hart, Special Adviser 

Administrative Law Judge 

Myron R. Renick, Judge 

Office of Automatic Data Processing 

Michael J. Olsavsky, Director 

Personnel and Management Systems 

Charles R. Ramsdale, Director 

Financial Management 

Edward C. Wallington, Jr., Chief 

Services 

Robert A. Kliefoth, Chief 

22 

The Executive Director is the chief executive 

official reporting to the Commission. He is responsible for insuring the implementation of 

policies adopted by the Commission. 

The Secretary serves the Commission in the 

general conduct of its business and is an official 

point of contact, in general, with other Government agencies and the public. The Special Adviser for Trade Agreements acts as the CommiSsion's liaison with the President's Special Representative for Trade Negotiations and advises the 

Commission on trade agreements. The General 

Counsel is the Commission's chief legal officer 

and also acts as liaison officer with the Senate and 

the House of Representatives on legal matters. 

The Director of Investigation, the General 

Counsel, and the Directors of the Office of Economic Research and the Office of Trade and Industry serve as the Staff Coordinating Committee 

to assist in carrying out the Commission's dayto-day activities involving legal, investigative, and 

general research duties. The Office of Automatic 

Data Processing provides support to the Commission staff by increasing the utility of available 

data. 

Within the Office of Trade and Industry there 

are seven divisions which specialize in commodity groups. During the conduct of an investigation, 

it has been Commission practice to form a team 

consisting of a commodity-industry analyst from 

the Office of Trade and Industry and an economist 

from the Office of Economic Research. This team 

may then draw support as required from the legal, 

accounting, data processing, or other sections. 

EMPLOYMENT AND APPROPRIATIONS 

People are the Commission's greatest resource. In fiscal year 1976, average employment 

in terms of man-years was 398, 8 percent above 

that in fiscal 1975. For fiscal year 1977 the Commission requested a cut in personnel because of 

the planned reorganization, which provides for 

better direction and higher motivation along with 

the assumption of greater responsibility. The tabulation on the following page shows the number of 

permanent full-time officers and employees of the 

U.S. International Trade Commission, by organizational units, at the end of fiscal years 1976 and 

1975. 
Position description or activity Sept 30, 

1976 

June 30, 

1975 

cmnmissioners ..... ' .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6 

Offices of lhe Commissioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 11 

Otfite of the Executive Director . . . . . 6 4 

Anancial Management Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8 

Services Division: 

Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 11 

Library . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7 

Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 7 9 

Office of Personnel and Management Systems: 

• Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8 

Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 

Qlli:e of Automatic Data Processing . . . . . . ............. 12 13 

Qffu:eoftheSecre!ary ................................ 10 7 

Q11i:e of the General Counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 24 

Office of Economic Resean:h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 42 

ornce of Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 22 

Qlli:e of Special Adviser tor Trade Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10 

Qftice ot lade and Industry ............................... 190 196 

btaJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 381 

The U.S. International Trade Commission 

submits its budget to the President for transmittal 

f "fo the Congress. During fiscal year 1976, appro1 '.Priated funds made available to the Commission 

::amounted to $10,400,000. Reimbursements re1~~il/edtotaled $32,298, making available a grand 

'(9_J~l of $10,432,298. Obligations for fiscal years 

11976 and 1975 were as follows: 

:i!l:·li·:,,..,. -----::-------~;----:;-;--- Item Fiscal year Fiscal year 

1976 1975 

$6,866,133 

134,957 

617,411 

469,6n 

122.552 

400,135 

8,610,859 

RELOCATION OF A PORTION OF THE 

COMMISSION STAFF 

The conclusion of fiscal 1976 found the Commission employees occupying two locations, 

primarily because of damage caused by subway 

construction. While the historic United States International Trade Commission Building, at 701 E 

Street NW.,3 is being repaired from damage apparently caused in February 1975 by the construction of a subway tunnel under 7th Street, 152 employees are located in the Bicentennial Building, 

at 600 E Street NW. Units located within the Bicentennial Building are the Office of Economic Research, the Administrative Law Judge, the Office 

of Automatic Data Processing, the Accounting 

Division, the Agriculture Division, the Chemicals 

Division, and the Sundries Division. 

The completion of repairs to the Commission 

building and the finalization of reorganization 

plans will cause further shifting of personnel during fiscal 1977. It is planned that part of the Bicentennial Building will house some agency offices 

for the next several years. 

3The building was built from 1839 to 1869 under the supervision of 

Thomas U. Walter, one of the architects of the Capitol. The Commission 

took up quarters in the building in 1921 after such individuals and 

agencies as the Postmaster General, the General Land Office. the 

Bureau of Education, the National Selective Draft Board, and General 

John J. Pershing. 

23 
MARY OF PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES OF THE 

ED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION, 

AL YEARS 1973-76 

age distribution of employee compensation 

.. _____ Executive direction and administration. 

Basic research: trade agreements activities, reports on production and imports 

of chemical products: summaries of 

+------ trade and tariff information; tariff classification and enumeration. 

Furnishing information and technical 

t----- assistance to the Congress, other agencies, and the public. 

Investigating unfair import practices 

+.----'- under section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930; 

miscellaneous studies. 

Investigations under the Antidumping 

-----Act, 1921, as amended. 

+-----Investigations under section 332 of the 

Tariff Act of 1930; special studies. 

+-----Investigations under the Trade Expansion 

Act of 1962 and section 201 of the Trade 

Act of 1974. 

Investigation on the probable economic 

effects of granting concessions during 

multilateral trade negotiations or granting ••t----- duty-tree treatment through implementation of the Generalized System of Preferences. 

25 
.. ' ~ ' 

.J 

. . 

REPORTS SUBMITTED ON PROPOSED LEGISLATION 

1. Report on H.R. 4047 (Mr. Kemp).-For the relief of Jack R. Misner. August 15, 1975. 

2. Report on H.R. 6860 (Mr. Ullman). - To provide a comprehensive National Energy 

Conservation and Conversion Program. August 29, 1975. 

3. Report on H.R. 9200 (Mr. Burke-Mass., and Mr. Moakley).-Tosuspend until July1, 

1978, the duty on certain iron or steel strips used in the manufacture of razor blades . 

September 29, 1975. 

4. Report on S. 595 (Mr. Bartlett, et al.).-To amend section 2 of Public Law 88-482 

which was enacted in 1964. November 17, 1975. 

5. Report on H.R. 9770 (Mr. Yatron). - To reduce for a 2-year period the duty on 

vanadium pentoxide. February 26, 1976. 

6. Report on S. 2118 (Mr. Fannin).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United States 

to provide a temporary suspension of duty on certain fig pastes. March 5, 1976. 

7. Report on H.R. 10831 (Mr. Hicks). - To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United 

States to provide duty-free treatment for softwood veneers imported for use in making 

plywood. March 18, 1976. 

8. Report on H.R. 2362 (Mr. White).-To extend from 8 months to 24 months the period 

in which domesticated animals may pasture in foreign countries and be accorded 

duty-free status upon reentry into the United States. March 18, 1976. 

9. Report on S. 2393 (Mr. Johnston). - To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United 

States with respect to jewelry. March 19, 1976. 

10. Report on H.R. 10689 (Mr. Waggonner).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United 

States with respect to jewelry. March 19, 1976. 

11. Report on H.R. 7956 (Mr. McHugh). - To apply to rail anchors the same tariff 

treatment that applies to rails. April 1, 1976. 

12. Report on H.R.11321 (Mr. VanderVeen).-To suspend until July 1, 1977, the duty on 

certain elbow prostheses if imported for charitable therapeutic use, or for free distribution by certain public or private nonprofit institutions. April 1, 1976, and June 22, 1976. 

13. Report on H.R. 11113 (Mr. Lent). - To suspend until the close of January 3, 1979, the 

rate of duty on menadione dimethylpyrimidinol bisulphite (MPB). April 6, 1976. 

14. -Report on H.R. 8124 (Mr. Burk.e - Mass.). - To amend the Tariff Schedules of the 

United States in order to change the customs treatment of certain woven fabrics of 

wool if products of an insular possession of the United States but imported into such 

possession as fabric for further processing. April 12, 1976. 

15. Report on H.R. 8656 (Mr. St. Germain).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United 

States in order to provide for the duty-free importation of loose glass prisms used in 

chandeliers. April 14, 1976, and June 22, 1976. 

16. Report on H.R. 9400 (Mr. Kemp).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United States 

with respect to the entry of horses. April 12, 1976. 

17. Report on H.R. 9401 (Mr. Kemp)._:To continue to suspend for a temporary period the 

import duty on certain horses. April 21, 1976. 

18. Report on H.R. 11796 (Mr. Mikva and Mr. Rostenkowski). - To provide for the free 

entry of certain operatic sets for the Lyric Opera of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. April 6, 

1976. 

19. Report on H.R. 11605 (Mr. Ottinger and Mr. Richmond). - To suspend for a 3-year 

period the rate of duty on mattress blanks of rubber latex. April 22, 1976, and August 

18, 1976. 

· 20. Report on H.R. 12254 (Mr. Rostenkowski).-To suspend the duties on certain bicycle 

parts·and accessories until the close of December 31, 1979. May 4, 1976, and July 2, 

1976. 

21. Report on H.R. 12033 (Mr. Schneebeli).-To continue until the close of June 30, 1979, 

the existing suspension of duties on manganese ore (including ferruginous ore) and 

related products. May 5, 1976. -

22. Report on H.R. 10176 (Mr. Mills).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United States 

with respect to the tariff treatment accorded to technologically advanced, high precision watches and watch movements. May 21, 1976. 

23. Report on H.R. 11259 (Mr. Corman and Mr. Stark).-To lower the duty on levulose until 

the close of December 31, 1977. May 26, 1976, and June 22, 1976. 

24. Report on H.R.13034 (Mr. Pickle).-To amend section 102(a), section 461, Tariff Act 

of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1461). June 4, 1976. 

27 
28 

25. Report on H.R. 13033 (Mr. Pickle). - To provide the duty-free entry of articles for the 

use of the National Railroad Corporation in providing nationwide rail passenger 

service. June 10, 1976. 

26. Report on H.R. 11560 (Mr. Kock).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United States 

in order to require proof of liability insurance for automobiles entered into the United 

States for personal use by nonresidents and foreign government personnel. and for 

other purposes. June 18, 1976. · 

27. Report on H.R.12722 (Mr. Schneebeli).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the United 

States to provide for mixed animal feeds containing soybeans. July 1, 1976. 

28. Report on H.R. 13331 (Mr. Annunzio and Mr. Burke- Mass.). - To increase for a 

5-year period the duty on certain hand tools, and for other purposes. July 9, 1976. 

29. Report on H.R.10612 (Mr. Ullman).-To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. 

July 9, 1976. 

30. Report on S. 3270 (Mr. Packwood, et al.). - To amend the Tariff Schedules of the 

United States to provide for a lower rate of duty for certain fish netting and fish nets. 

July 12, 1976. 

31. Report on H.R. 9220 (Mr. Green and Mr. Conable). - To modernize and simplify 

customs procedures, and for other purposes. July 29, 1976. 

32. Report on H.R. 11694 (Mr. Hicks).-To reduce for a 5-year period the duty on certain 

soccer uniforms. August 11, 1976. 

33. Report on H.R. 21n (Mr. Conable). -An act to exempt from duty certain aircraft 

components and materials installed in aircraft previously exported from the United 

States where the aircraft is returned without having been advanced in value or 

improved in condition while abroad. August 19, 1976. 

34. Report on H.R. 13827 (Mr. Quie and Mr. Karth).-To amend the Tariff Schedules of the 

United States in order to eliminate all import duties on wool not finer than 46s, and for 

other purposes. August 23, 1976. 

35. Report on H.R. 7417 (Mr. Cleveland). - To amend the Trade Act of 1974 in order to 

provide for Federal reimbursement to States for unemployment insurance benefits 

paid to workers who are eligible for adjustment assistance benefits under such Act, 

and to repeal the provisions of law which reduce certain tax credits for employers in 

any State which does not enter into, or fulfill its commitments under, a Federal-State 

agreement regarding the administration of worker adjustment assistance benefits. 

August 24, 1976. 

36. Report on H.R. 13115 (Mr. Bauman, Mr. Hillis, and Mr. Findley). - To suspend until 

January 3, 1980, a portion of the duties on strontium nitrate. August 24, 1976. 

37. Report on H.R. 14048 (Mr. Burke-Mass.).-To extend until July 1, 1979, the duty-free 

treatment on copying lathes used for making rough or finished shoe lasts. August 31, 

1976. 

38. Report on H.R.12922 (Mr. DuPont).-To suspend until the close of June 30, 1977, the 

duty on certain doxorubicin hydrochloride antibiotics and for other purposes. August 

30, 1976. 

39. Report on H.R. 10473 (Mr. Pickle).-To provide a comprehensive program to improve 

cargo security for property being transported in interstate and foreign commerce. 

September 3, 1976. 

40. Report on H.R.13898 (Mr. Green).-To revise and reorganize the classification and 

the rates of duty on certain pipes and tubes and blanks therefor of iron or steel. 

September 8, 1976. 

41. Report on H.R. 14140 (Mr. Schneebeli). - To suspend until the close of June 30, 1979, 

the duty on concentrate of poppy straw used in producing codeine or morphine. 

October 5, 1976. 

* U.S GOVERNMENT PAINTING OFFICE: 1977 0-228--002