LIST OF CASES RECEIVED BY THE OFFICE OF HEAR['NGS AND APPEALS

CV.'cd oi ?.IT/ 4 c'.rLi V:;zy 11. tG-341

Date Nareind locaton of ;c. ont cso . Tyoo of . "

May 3, 1984 EcononLI Reguatoiy Adm tcn. oDail rx .... . HRD-0212 J fu:Ln 6r -cr. I I! i z.-=zay wot.d te T,-r-cad to th Ecorcrrc

R'.~s~y A~ ~t in a cc-,=i-n e ii to Sta-icnt of Ctstcns

L2~-1i Tczzo tsn.. to s;:z to tho Au-nt 6. 1S1 prcPczsd

Rcz .c J Ci:t d to Tcx-o L"- (Ca.o N2. BRO-1457).

May 4. 1984 Suffoic County. Washxngton. DC. - . ___ HFA-=l4. of-cz om er!: zc dz1 -. I1 san* :- St .ffc3 Ccunt. wo=fd 'ce ,

dzanT-r~tz aa-.d foc-cdo rtatrg to tkA Lcang !!and L,,5agi Ccrricq cf ttS'~t~:zn M~&c Pni Soica

May 5. 1984 , Office of Specml Cousel, WasirmnTon. D C ---- HRD-O210- MaLnt C= .zo..i. If ar,:l C=.cry w:, ta gaicd to Dos Of-,z of

;-c=l Cm'z; I ccz.=.a-n .o vh S==Lz.. d of OCt;.a i; i by Cron Ccofaa Pcrc-'in Cc n ctrici to ta Dascics-1a 29,1973

9 ______ ____ jPrs c.r- Rt -, re rc= P:36n to.~-Oizs) izu=d to t2-- finrrx

My91984 - Askansa% Caitornza ot al Wast-ngton, D.C-- KR L0on.1-Cy Otc. U 91 c The f:a.g sl=- wctd be etaxed to

to t Tusico Pc '! icn Cci;:ccs-cn Rq;=3SC Rsi2--cs r-,z

Ro--=:: j (Ca'- 1.2. HROI-C Aiass. z'':ro D:~zac. rzna.

Lec:zn3. 1-ucth Dast. Wh~o t Tozi. a-.4 Wuc-t Vrjt3.

May 10, 1984 Atantic Pichfie!d Co., Wasmnton. D.C-- HF1R- R 31 _ - M::Con i r. : ,dtc"u'- I1 g-7t Tna Vomit 22. 174 ard-u

C-dcr (Ca-c No. GFO-01K) i='ud to Ae-ifc Rze!du GCarupunry wzctld to

rmn:Ai m;-C. em o fuc ft pecd of SeZunt-r 1. 1976

DciTci DI---Ta- 31.1576.

Do______ Gulf O-t Corp,. Houston Tax - ---- HPD40lh ... i fu~o tcr .Tvrj. 11iu~ Czouciy wic. i to grr*iud to Gulf C1

Ccipmtczn-ui toac=cn wt r3 o Siaiet of OuCt*. na-t cutonod in

ss~grv. to to F _i' .. R-c-" Crld Oi r L t3 to D" L-rn (Cao rHo.

REFUND APPLICATI n RECEIVED

[WVick of .A-y 4 to Vzy 11. 1C34

Date Nar.o of rc!Lrd poc---cfn3frrro f ! r i e ap -r Cca No.

Feb. 17. 198 Pan Amnencan/Farmlznd Inductitc. I(coMay 3, 1984 MAarin CorpJCaltaway Szucood F71

M-ay 7.1984 IMRaron CorpJiComPb P4ptg Con-trcto Inc ,

Do BaidgeIPenns).an

[FR Doc. 84-14s68 Filed 5-25--4: &45 am]

BILLING CODE 6450-01-M

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

AGENCY

[TSH-FRL 2594-4; OPTS-41014]

Fourteenth Report of the Interagency

Testing Committee to the

Administrator, Receipt of Report and

Request for Comments Regarding

Priority Ust of Chemicals

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice.

SUMMARY: The Interagency Testing

Committee (ITC) established under

section 4(e] of the Toxic Substances

Control Act (TSCA), transmitted its

Fourteenth Report to the Admimstrator

of EPA on May 8,1984. This report,

which revises and updates the

Committee's priority list of chemicals,

adds five designated chemicals to the

list for priority consideration by EPA in

the promulgation of test rules under

section 4(a) of the Act One additional

chemical is recommended but not

designated for response within 12

months. The new destgnated chemicals

are bisphenol A, 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-

dibromoethyl) cyclohexane, 2-

ethylhexanoic acid, isopropyl biphenyl,

and diisopropyl biphenyl. 3,4-

Dichlorbenzotrifluoride is

recommended for testing consideration

but not designated for response within

12 months. The Fourteenth Report is

included in this notice. The Agency

invites interested persons to submit

written comments on the Report, and to

attend Focus Meetings to help narrow

and focus the issues raised by the ITC's

recommendations. Members of the

public are also invited to Inform EPA if

they wish to be notified of subsequent

public meetings on these chemicals. EPA

also notes the removal of 22 chemicals

from the priority list because EPA has

responded to the ITC's previous

recommendations for testing of the

chemicals.

DATES: Written comments should be

submitted by June 28, 1934. Focus

Meetings will be held on June 27 and 28,

1984.

ADDRESSES- Send written subimssions

to: TSCA Public Information Office (TS793, Office of Pesticides and Toxic

Substances, Environmental Protection

Agency, Rm. E-108, 401 M St., SW.,

Washington, D.C. 20460. Submissions

should bear the document control

number (OPTS-41014).

The public record supporting this

action, including comments, is available

for public inspection in Rm. E-107 at the

address noted above from 8:00 a.m. to

4:00 p.m. Monday through Friday. except

legal holidays. Focus Meetings will be

held at the Disabled American Veterans

(DAV) Headquarters, 807 Maine Ave.,

SW.. Washmgton. D.C. Persons planning

to attend any one of the Focus Meetings

and/or seeking to be informed of

subsequent public meetings on these

chemicals, should notify the TSCA

Assistance Office at the address listed

below. To insure seating

accommodations at the Focus Meeting,

persons interested in attending are

asked to notify EPA at least 2 weeks

ahead of the scheduled dates.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.

Edward A. Klein, Director, TSCA

Assistance Office (TS-799], Office of

Toxic Substances, Environmental

Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW.,

Washington. D.C. 20460, Toll Free: (800-

424-9065), In Washington, D.C.554-

1404), Outside the U&A: (Operator202-554-1404).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: EPA has

received the Fourteenth Report of the

TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to

the Administrator.

L Background

Section 4(a) of TSCA (Pub. L 94-469,

90 Stat. 2003 et seq- 15 U.S.C. 2601 et

Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1984 / Notices 22389
22390 ~F ed eral R e sister I V ol. 49. N o .. 1fl4 I T iip qt-1 - -v , .Mun, . J 90 ' 3 Io Jtt f x I M * ,, t L i',.n,,-.- U

seq.) authorizes the Administrator of

EPA to promulgate regulations requiring testing of chemical substances and

mixtures in order to develop data

relevant to determining the risks that

such chemical substances and mixtures

may present to health and the

environment.

Section 4(e) of TSCA established an Interagency Testing Committee to make

recommendations to the Administrator

of EPA of chemical substances and

mixtures to be given priority

consideration in proposing test rules

under section 4(a). Section 4(e) directs

the Committee to revise its list of

recommendations at least every 6

months as necessary. The ITC may "designate" up to 50 substances and

mixtures at any one time for priority

consideration by the Agency. For such

designations, the Agency must withn 12

months either initiate rulemaking or issue in the Federal Register its reasons for not doing so. The ITC's Fourteenth

Report was received by the

Administrator on May 8, 1984, and

follows this Notice. The Report designates five substances for priority

consideration and response by EPA

within 12 months; one additional

substance is recommended for testing consideration such that an Agency

response within 12 months is not

required.

U. Written and Oral Comments and

Public Meetings

EPA invites interested persons to

submit detailed comments on the ITC's new recommendations. The Agency is

interested in receiving information

concerning additional or ongoing health

and safety studies on the subject

chemicals as well as information

relating to the human and environmental

exposure to these chemicals. A notice is

published elsewhere in today's Federal

Register adding the five substances

designated in the ITC's Fourteenth

Report to the TSCA section 8(d) Health

and Safety Data Reporting Rule (40 CFR

Part 716). The section 8(d) rule requires the reporting of unpublished health and

safety studies on the listed chemicals.

These five chemicals will also be added

to the TSCA section 8(a) Preliminary

Assessment Information Rule (40 CFR

Part 712) published elsewhere in this

issue. The section 8(a) rule requires the

reporting of production volume, use,

exposure, and release information on the listed chemicals. The nondesignated substance, 3,4-dichlkrobenzotrifluoride,

will be separately proposed for addition

to the section 8(a) and 8(d) rules.

Focus Meetings will be held to discuss

relevant issues pertaining to chemicals

and to narrow the range of issues/

effects which will be the focus of the

Agency's subsequent activities in

responding to the ITC recommendations.

The Focus Meetings will be held June 27

and 28,1984, at the Disabled American

Veterans (DAV) Headquarters, 807

Maine Ave., SW., Washington, D.C.

These meetings are intended to

supplement and expand upon written

comments submitted in response to this

notice. The schedule,for the Focus

Meetings is as follows: June 27 9:30

a.m.-isopropyl biphenyl and

diisopropyl biphenyl, 1:00 p.m.-3,4--

dichlorobenzotrifluonde; June 28, 9:00

a.m.-2-ethylhexanoic acid, 11:00 a.m.- bisphenol A, 2:00 p.m.-1,2-dibromo-4-(1

2-dibromoethyl) cyclohexane.

Persons wishing to attend one or more of these meetings should call the TSCA

Assistance Office at the toll free number

listed above at least 2 weeks in

advance.

After consideration of the data

pertaining to each chemical and any

additional information provided in the

written comments and the Focus

Meetings, EPA will hold public meetings on each chemical after preliminary staff

decisions have been made on the types

of testing that are needed. These

meetings will be in the month of

September, but separate notice of these

meetings will not be published at that

time. Therefore, anyone wishing to

attend these later meetings should

contact EPA after July 30 at the address

given for the TSCA Assistance Office in

order tobe notified in advance of the

public meetings.

All written submissions should bear

the identifying docket number (OPTS- 41014).

III. Status of List

In addition to adding the 5

designations and one chemical

recommended to the priority list, the

ITC's Fourteenth Report notes the

removal of 22 chemicals from the list

since the last ITC report because EPA

has responded to the Committee's prior recommendations for testing of the

chemicals. Subsequent to the ITC's

preparation of its Thirteenth Report,

EPA responded to the ITC's

recommendations for 22 additional

chemicals. The 22 chemicals removed

and the dates of publication in the

Federal Register of EPA's responses to

the ITC for these chemicals are: alkyl epoxides, January 4, 1984 (49 FR 449-

4S6); aniline and bromo- chloro- and/or

nitroanilines, January 3, 1984 (49 FR 108-

126); aryl phosphates, December 29,1983

(48 FR 57452-57460); bis(2-ethylhexyl)

terephthalate, November 14, 1983 (48 FR

51845-51848); chlorinated benzenes, mono- and di- January 13,1984 (49 FR

1760-1770); chlorinated benzenes, tr-,

tetra-, and penta-, January 13, 1984 (49

FR 1760-17701; cyclohexanone, January

3, 1984 (49 FR 136-142); dibutyltln bls

(isooctyl maleate), November 8, 1983 (48

FR 51361-51366); dibutyltln bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate), November 8, 1983 (48 FR 51361-51366); dibutyltin bis(lauryl mercaptide), November 0, 1983 (48 FR

51361-51366); dibutyltin dilaurate,

November 8, 1983 (48 FR 51361-51366);

1,2-dichloropropane, January 6,1984 (49 FR 899-908); dimethyltin bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate) November 8, 1983 (48 FR 51361-51366); 1,3-dioxolane,

November 14, 1983 (48 FR 51839-51842);

glycidol and its derivatives, December

30, J983 (48 FR 57562-57571);

halogenated alkyl epoxides, December

30, 1983 (48 FR 57680-57700);

hydroquinone, January 4, 1984 (49 FR

438-449); monobutyltin tris(isooctyl mercaptoacetate), November 8, 1903 (48

FR 51361-51366); monomethyltin tris(isooctyl mercaptoacetate), November 8,1983 (48 FR 51361-51360);

qumnone, January 4, 1984 (49 FR 456-465.

4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol, November 15,1983 (48 FR 51971-51976),

and tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate,

November 14, 1983 (48 FR 51842-51845).

The.current list contains 14 designated substances or groups of substances and

two recommended substances or groups of substances.

(Sec. 4, Pub. L. 94-469, 90 Stat. 2003 (15 U.S.C, 2601))

Dated: May 18, 1984.

John A. Moore,

AssistantAdministratorforPesticides and

Toxic Substances.

FOURTEENTH REPORT OF THE TSCA

INTERAGENCY TESTING

COMMITTEE TO THE

ADMINISTRATOR,

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

AGENCY

Summary

Section 4 of the Toxic Substances

Control Act of 1976 (TSCA, Pub. L. 94-

469) provides for the testing of

chemicals in commerce that may present

an unreasonable risk of injury to health

or the environment. It also provides for

the establishment of a Committee,

composed of representatives from eight designated Federal agencies, to

recommend chemical substances and

mixtures (chemicals) to which the

Administrator of the U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency (EPA) should give priority consideration for the

promulgation of testing rules.

Section 4(e)(1)(A) of TSCA directs the

Committee to recommend to the EPA

Administrator chemicals to which the

Federal Repster / Vol. '49 - I o.- 104 / Tuesda J , Ma 90 1084 / hT U r 9 U Uva

22390
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1984 / Notices

Administrator should give priority

consideration for the promulgation of

testing rules pursuant to section 4(a).

The Committee is required to designate

these chemicals, from among its

recommendations, to which the

Administrator should respond within 12

months by either initiating a rulemaking

proceeding under section 4(a) or

publishing the Administrator's reason

for not initiating such a proceeding.

Every-6 months, the Committee makes

those revisions in the TSCA section 4(e)

Prority Last that it determines to be

necessary and transmits them to the

EPA Administrator.

As a result of its deliberations, the

Committee is revising the TSCA section

4(e) Priority last by the addition of six

chemicals and is noting the removal of

22, as a result of responses by EPA.

The Priority List is divided into two

parts: Part A contains those

recommended chemicals and groups

designated for priority consideration

and response by the EPA Administrator

within 12 months, and part B contains

chemicals and groups that have been

recommended for priority consideration

by EPA without being designated for

response within 12 months. Although

TSCA does not establish a deadline for

EPA response to nondesignated

chemicals and groups (part B of the

Priority last), the Committee anticipates

that the EPA Admimstrator will respond

in a timely manner.

The entries being added to the Priority

List are presented, together with the

types of testing recommended, in the

following Table 1.

TABLE 1.---ADDmONS TO THE SECTION 4(e)

PRIORITY LIST

Chsemcatlgroup Recommended s=izes

A. Dessgnated for

response wits 12 montsm:

S--phenol A (CAS Chenzal Fate: Octanowater par. No. 80-05-7). titon coefsnl; pers:stence.

Heath Effects: Chrom= effects i-.

trio effects.

Eco ogcal Effects: Acuto end

clmn:c tonaty to fi. aquatc

mwrtebrates. end algaa; t-con- centraton.

1,2-D-bromo-4-(1.2- Cerncal Fate: Water Eo!ub-'-rr

ctrooett*4) cltanotfwale padtrorr coatficyfohexarm (CAS ment; so nobiy; pumstence.

No. 3322-93-8).

Health Effects: Toacor inetic studsperm norphotugy and ag.t

cytoogy aerTmton chons tax-

"ct studes uidudnrg oncogen3.

city. Eco~og.cal Effects: Acte end

chron: ciy to fR. s q=tc

wer ebraim and algae blsmncentretimn

TABLE 1.-ADoDmONS TO THE SECTtOj 4(e)

PRIORITY LiST--Continued

Chcrs-.Jgo.p R c n:r'z.-d stsL _:s

2.ihq2ierc actd Hcnfh Etlsct-. Cuxnt: &,---t L-.

(CAS fNo, 149-57- ctu-,3 cc-ssV s),

tc~loo11n chz=rIcd Fes~a Wai-irz e 2j

(CAS No. 2,3413- carct fw- F~f:tn CCC5-

78-2). ct sr:Jrel rm rt d mrtc;1 Hcf h Effs: 01==

(CAS NO 6SO03- ec.-" F en r~*,' cr SO-i) eand V5±1=1 clists

EccDEn rg'w--- A ac-d

cssns o iz, '.n

S uyt-r e ad Th enThoas . Mgnes, M embe

.a Renommer - ed rn d-.arcd fcr

raccnshao w 12rsn 

3.4- Crecnr.d F-,!: Wzl:r e~

Ddsvciscn-s Wamlfwwstsr rat1Zn ~ctc!

(rnmde (CAS na. Poctn Ae enc

HcCh ERc. TornsMem

V&:'~ kcr e!!ccd

ch=c's c~ltsts c-2--o

A~Ec Altern Stem,ScAto xte

dic s t=--,/ to "%h WxWsctraltss ard epaei hzsen

TSCA Interagency Testing Committee

Statutory .Wember Agencies and Ther

Representatives

Council on Environmental Quality

Thomas H. Magness, III, Member

George IV. Schlossnagle, Alternate (1)

Department of Commerce

Bernard Greifer, Member and Vice

Chairperson

Environmental Protection Agency

Carl R. Morris, Member

Arthur M. Stern, Alternate

National Cancer Institnte

izabeth K. Weisburger, Member and

Chairperson

Richard Adamson, Alternate

National Institute of Environmental

Health Sciences

Dorothy Canter, Member

National Institute for Occupational

Safet andu ealth

Rodger L Tatken, Member

Sanford S. Leffngwell, Alternate (2)

National Science Foundation

Winston C. Nottingham, Member

Occupational Safety and Health

Administration

Ralph Yadaiken, Member

Martin Brown, Alternate (3)

Liaison Agencies'and Their

Representatives

Consumer Product Safety Commission

Arthur Gregory

Lakshnu Mishra

Department ofAgriculture

Homer E. Fairchild

Richard MA. Parry, Jr.

Department of Defense

Arthur H. McCreesh (4)

Patnck A. Truman (5)

Department of the Interior

Vyto A. Adomaitis

David R. Rosenberger

Food andDrug Admimstration

Arnold Borsetti

Allen H. Hein

National Taoxicology Program

Dorothy Canter

Committee Staff Alartin Greif, Executive

Secretary

Norma Williams, ITC Coordinator

Support Staff

Alan Carpien-Office of the General

Counsel, EPA

Stephen Ells-Office of Toxi

Substances, EPA

Vera W. Hudson-Mational Library of

Medicine

Notes

(1) Dr. Schlossnagle was appointed on

November 17.1933.

(2) Dr. Leffngwell was appointed on

October 27.1933.

(3) Dr. Brovn was appointed on February 10,1234.

(4) Dr. McCreesh died suddenly on March

(5) Commander Truman was appointed on

January , 19-.

The Committee acknowledges and is

grateful for the assistance and support

given to it by the staffs of CRCS, Inc.,

and Dynamac Corporation (technical

support prime and subcontractors) and

personnel of the EPA Office of Tomc

Substances.

Chapter 1-Introduction

1.1 Bad round. The TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee

(Committee) was established under

section 4(e) of the Toxic Substances

Control Act of 1976 (TSCA, Public Law

94-469). The specific mandate of the

Committee is to recommend to the

Administrator of the U.. Environmental

Protection Agency (EPA) chemical

substances and mixtures in commerce

that should be given priority

consideration for the promulgation of

testing rules to determine their potential

hazard to human health and/or the

environment. TSCA specifies that the

Committee's recommendations shall be

in the form of a Priority List, which is to

be published in the Federal Register.

The Committee is directed by section

4(e)(1)(A) of TSCA to designate those

cheucals on the Priority list to which

the EPA Administrator should respond

vithin 12 months by either initiating a

rulemaking proceeding under section

4(a) or publishing the Administrator's

reason for not initiating such a

22391
Federal Reister / Vol. 49. No. 104 / Tuetqsdy. Mav 90 IR I NTn , ',.oa - -- 5 ~ -'--J--,~--~ 7 .. ttflJ,~o

proceeding. There is no statutory time

limit for EPA response regarding

chemicals which ITC has recommended,

but not designated for response within

12 months.

Every 6 months, the Committee makes

those revisions m the section 4(e) Priority List that it determines to be

necessary and transmits them to the

EPA Administrator.

The Committee is comprised of

representatives from eight statutory member agencies, five liaison agencies, and one national program. The specific representatives and their affiliations are named in the front of this report. The

Committee's chemical review

procedures and prior recommendations are described in previous reports (Refs.

1 through 13).

1.2 Committee's previous reports. Thirteen previous reports to the EPA

Administrator have been issued by the

Committee and published m the Federal

Register (Refs. 1 through 13). Seventy- three entries (chemicals and groups of

chemicals) were recommended for

priority consideration by the EPA

Administrator and designated for

response within 12 months. In addition,

two groups were recommended without

being so designated. Removal of forty- three entries was noted m the previous

reports.

1.3 Committee's acti'ities during this reporting period. Between October

1, 1983 and March 31, 1984 the

Committee continued to review

chemicals from its fourth scoring exercise and began to review chemicals

from its fifth scoring exercise.

The Committee contacted more than

100 chemical manufacturers and trade

associations to request information that

would be of value in its deliberations.

Fifty-four of those contacted provided unpublished information on current

production, exposure, uses, and effects

of chemicals under study by the

Committee.

During this reporting period, the

Committee evaluated 73 chemicals for

priority consideration. Six chemicals

were added to the section 4(e) Priority

List, and 25 were deferred indefinitely. The remaining chemicals are still under

study.

1.4 The TSCA section 4(e) Priority

List. Section 4(e)(1) (B) of TSCA directs

the Committee to: " * * make such

revisions in the [priority] list as it

determines to be necessary and * * * transmit them to the Administrator

together with the Committee's reasons

for the revisions." Under this authority, the Committee is revising the Priority List by adding six chemicals: bisphenol A; 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)

cyclohexane; 3,4-

dichlorobenzotrifluoride; diisopropyl biphenyl; 2-ethylhexanoic acid; and

isopropyl biphenyl. Five of these

chemicals are designated for response within 12 months. The sixth, 3,4-

dichlorobenzotrifluonde, is

recommended, but not designated for

response within 12 months. The testing recommended for these chemicals and

the rationales for the recommendations

are presented in Chapter 2 of this report. Twenty-two chemicals and groups of

chemicals are being removed from the

Priority List because the EPA

Administrator has responded to the

Committee's prior recommendations for

testing them. They are:

Alkyl epoxides

Aniline and bromo- chloro- and/or

nitroanilines

Aryl phosphates

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate Chlorinated benzenes, mono- and diChlorinated benzenes, tri- tetra- and penta- Cyclohexanone

Dibutyltin bistisooctyl maleate) Dibutyltin bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate) Dibutyltin bis(lauryl mercaptide) Dibutyltin dilaurate

1.2-Dichloropropane

Dimethyltin bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate) 1,3-Dioxolane

Glycidol and its derivatives

Halogenated alkyl epoxides Hydroquinone

Monobutyltin tris (isooctyl mercaptoacetate)

Monomethyltin tris (isooctyl

mercaptoacetate)

Quinone

4-(1,1,3.3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate

With the six recommendations and 22

removals noted in this report, 16 entries

now appear on the section 4(e) Priority

List. The Priority List is divided In the

following Table 2 into two parts;

namely, Table 2A, Chemicals and

Groups of Chemicals Designated for

Response Within 12 Months, and Table

2B, Other Recommended Chemicals and

Groups.

TABLE 2.-THE TSCA SECTION 4(e) Priority

List-May 1984

Entry Date of desgnation

2A. Chemical and Groupo of Chem.cala oeOgnatd for

Respone Within 12 Montha

1. Bisphenol A ................... . May 1984,

2. 2-(2.Butoxyethoxy)ethyI acetate ..... Nov. 19083, 3. Calcium naphthenate ................... .May 1983. 4. Cobalt naphthenato ......................... Do,

5. 1.2-Dibromo-4-(l,2d;bromootfrt) May 1984.

cyclohexane.

6. Disopropyrl Iaphenyl ............. Do.

7. Ethylene bis(oxyethyleno) diace- Nov. 1903, tare.

8. 2-Ethylhexanoc acid_..... ...... May 1984,

9. 1.2.3.4.7,7.-Hexachloronorborna- Nov , 183.

deno.

10. Isopropyl bphenyt....... May 1984. 11. Lead naphthenato ............................. May 1983.

12. Methylolurea . ..... DO 13. Oloytemno Y......No 1983.

14. 2-Phcnoxyeihanot . May 1983.

Entry Date of rocommondateon

28. Other Recommended Chem:cata and Grotpa of

Chemicals

1. Cabotfuran Intermndiates . . ........ No,. 1982. 2. 3.4-Dichlorobnzotrlfluorido ....... May 1984,

To date, 65 chemicals and groups of

chemicals have been removed from the

Priority List. The cumulative list is

presented in the following Table 3.

BILLING CODE 6560-50-M

22392
Federal Register I Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, g194 1 Notices

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References

(1) Initial Report to the Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency, TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, October 1, 1977. Published in the Federal Register of

Wednesday, October 12, 1977, 42 FR 55026-

55080. Corrections published in the Federal

Register of November 11, 1977,42 FR 58777-

58778. The report and supporting dossiers

were also published by the Environmental

Protection Agency. EPA 560-10-78/001,

January 1978.

(2) Second Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator,

Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, April 1978.

Published in the Federal Register of

Wednesday, April 19,1978,43 FR 16684-

16688. The report and supporting dossiers were also published by the Environmental

Protection Agency, EPA 560-10-78/002, July 1978.

(3) Third Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator,

Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, October

1978. Published in the Federal Register of

Monday, October 10,1978,43 FR 50830-50835, The report and supporting dossiers were also

published by the Environmental Protection

Agency, EPA 560-10-79/001, January 1979.

(4) Fourth Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, April 1979.

Published in the Federal Register of Friday, June 1, 1979,44 FR 31860-31889.

(5) Fifth Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator,

Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, November

1979. Published in the Federal Register of

Friday, December 7 1979, 44FR 70564-70874.

(6) Sixth Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator,

Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, April 1980, Published in the Federal Register of

Wednesday, May 28,1980, 45 FR 35897-35910.

(7) Seventh Report of the TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee to the

Administrator, Environmental Protection

Agency. TSCA Interagency Testing Committee, October 1980. Published in the

Federal Register of Tuesday, November 25.

1980, 45 FR 78432-78446.

(8) Eighth Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, April 1981.

Published in the Federal Register of Friday, May 22,1981, 46 FR 28138-28144.

(9) Ninth Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Admnistrator, Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee, October

1981. Published in the'Federal Register of

Friday, February 5,1982,47 FR 545-5463.

(10) Tenth Report of the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to the Admmistratok,

Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee. April 1982.

Published in the Federal Register of Tuesday, May 25, 1982, 47 FR 22585-22590.

(11) Eleventh Report of the TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee to the

Administrator, Environmental Protection

Agency. TSCA Interagency Testing

Committee, October'1982. Published in the

Federal Register of Friday, December 3,1982,

47 FR 54825-54644.

(12) Twelfth Report of the TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee to the

Administrator, Environmental Protection

Agency. TSCA Interagency Testing

Committee, May 1983. Published in the

Federal Register of Wednesday, June 1, 1983,

48 FR 24443-24452.

(13) Thirteenth Report of the TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee to the

Administrator, , nvironmental Protection

Agency. TSCA Interagency Testing

Committee, November 1983. Published in the

Federal Register of Wednesday, December

14,1983, 48 FR 55674-55684.

Chapter 2-Recommendations of the

Committee

2.1 Chemicals recommended for

priority consideration by the EPA

Administrator. As provided by section

4(e)(1)(B) of TSCA, the Committee is

adding the following chemical

substances to the section 4(e) Priority

ListL bisphenol A; 1,2-dibromo-4-(1, 2-

dibromoethyl) cyclohexane; 3,4-

dichlorobenzotrifluonde; diisopropyl

biphenyl; 2-ethylhexanoic acid; and

isopropyl biphenyl. The

recommendation of these chemicals is

being made after considering the factors

identified in section 4[e)(1)(A] and other

available relevant inforipation, as well as the professional judgment of

Committee members.

The five recommendations designated

for response by the EPA Administrator

within 12 months and supporting

rationales are presented in section 2.2 of

tlus report. Section 2.3 contains one recommendation with no designated

time limit for response by the EPA

Administrator.

2.2 Chemicals designated for

response within 12 months with

supporting rationales.

2.2a BisphenolA.

Summary of recommended studies. It

is recommended that bisphenol A be

tested for the following:

A. Chemical Fate:

Octanol/water partition coefficient

Persistence

B. Health Effects:

Chronic effects including oncogenicity

Reproductive effects

C. Ecological Effects:

Acute and chronic toxicity of fish,

aquatic invertebrates, and algae

Bioconcentration

Physical and Chemical Information

CAS Number, 80-05-7

Synonyms:

4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol 2,2-Bis (phydroxyphenyl) propane

Phenol,.44'-(l-methylethylidene)bis-

(9 CI)

Structural Formula:

Empirical Formula: CaH10O5 .

Molecular Weight: 228.

Melting Point: 153° C (crude): 155-157°

C (purified).

Boiling Point: 220° C at 4 mmHg.

Vapor Pressure: 0.2 mmHg at 170' C

Specific Gravity: 1.195 (25/25° C).

Solubility in Water: Less than 0.1% at

25*C; 0.34% at 83* C; soluble in dilute

base.

Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble

in polar orgamc solvents such as

acetone and methanol.

Log Octanol/Water Partition

Coefficient: 3.84 (estimated; Ref. 14,

Lyman et al., 1982).

Description of Chemical: White flakes.

Rational for Recommendations

1. Exposure information-A.

Production/use/disposal. Thle 1982

production volume of bisphenol A was

479 million pounds (Ref. 4, C&EN, 1903).

The annual domestic production capacity as of January 1, 1983, was

estimated to be 930 million pounds (Ref.

26, SRI, 1983).

Bisphenol A is used primarily as an

intermediate in the production of epoxy

and polycarbonate resins. It is also used

in the manufacture of phenoxy resins,

corrosion-resistant unsaturated

polyester-styrene resins, and

polysulfone resins, and as a stabilizer

for polyvinyl chloride resins, as an

antioxidant in rubber and plastics, and

as a raw material in the production of

tetrabromobisphenol A and other

compounds used in the manufacture of

flame retardants (Refs. 5, 6, 11, 12 and 0,

CEH, 1978, 1979; Kirk-Othmer, 1978,

1980; EPA, 1981).

Since bisphenol A is produced in a

closed system, the chances of exposure

during manufacture are expected to be

minimal. It is shipped as prills in 50-

pound bags, hopper cars or one ton

super sacks. Therefore, the greatest

potential for worker exposure Is to the

dust during packaging, handling and

shipping (Ref. 20, NIOSH, 1983). The

National Occupational Exposure Survey

conducted during 1981-1983 estimated

that 9446 workers were exposed to

bisphenol A in the workplace. Estimates

for exposure from downstream uses are not yet available (Ref. 21, NIOSH, 1984).

Based upon its high production volume

22396
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1934 / Notices

and the fact that it-is manufactured and

used at many sites, bisphenol A is lihely

to enter the environment in substantial

quantities. It can be released in

industrial wastewaters during

manufactunng, processing and through

inadvertent spills.

B. Evidence for exposure. NIOSH has

reported levels of exposure to bisphenol

A in the workplace m three Health

Hazarad Reports. Concentrations were

measured at levels of 1.053 mg/m3 in

spray operations (Ref. 17 NIOSH, 1979],

of 0.0083 mg/m3 m sanding and grinding

of cured epoxy resins (Ref. 18, NIOSH,

1980a], and less than 0.04 to 4.49 I±gI

m3 in epoxy coating operations (Ref. 19,

NIOSH, 1980b).

.Bisphenol A has been found in

atmospheric fallout near Tokyo at

concentrations ranging from 0.04 to 0.2

jig/m2 day (Ref. 15, Matsumoto and

Hanya, 1980]. In a study by Matsumoto

et al. (Ref. 16,1977], bisphenol A was

found in water samples taken from two

rivers receiving industrial discharges.

One sample contained 10-90 ng/L, and

the other contained 1-9 pig/L of

bisphenol A. It has also been found at a

concentration of 4.8 mg/L in an effluent

prior to treatment at a Soviet plant

manufacturing epoxy resins (Ref. 9,

Friedman, 1980]. Schackleford and Keith

(Ref. 25,1976) reported finding bisphenol

A in an effluent from a chemical

manufacturing plant in Indiana but did

not quantify the amount.

I. Chemicalfate information.-A.

Persistence. Like other substituted

phenols, bisphenol A is likely to undergo

photolysis or oxidation, but at an

undetermined rate. Some

biodegradation during wastewater

treatment and in receiving waters is also

likely.

B. Rational for chemical fate

recommendations: Although bisphenol

A is not expected to be highly persistent,

the fact that it has been found in river

waters and in effluent discharges

demonstrates that biodegradation is not

rapid and complete. Testing is needed to

estimate its removal during waste

treatment and to determine its

persistence in receiving waters.

m. Biological effects of concern to

human health-A. Toxicolanetics

(absorption, distribution, and excretion).

A study of the metabolic fate of an

orally administered dose of radiolabeled bisphenol A in the rat indicated

that the major excretory route was

through the feces, with 56 percent of the

radiolabel excreted m this manner (Ref.

13, Knaak and Sullivan, 1966]. Excretion

through the urine accounted for 28

percent of the dose and was primarily as

a glucuromde. No radiolabel could be

detected in rc:piratory CO:, and r.:e

remained in the body after 3 dal 3.

B. Autagemc.r. B sp:nol A wa 3 not

found to be mutagenic w;hcn tcz :d i

Salmonella typhimurum U as TA1535, TA-1537 TA-g8, cn d TA-10, v. th

and without metabolic acaiat~on (Onn,

1979, cited in Ref. 8, EPA, 19:1}. these

negative results were also obtained by

the NTP (Ref. 24,1984a). The chemical

was also negative for inducing sisterchromatid exchanges and chromosamal

aberrations in Chinese Hamster ovary

cells in cluture. Zavadskii and

Khovanova (1975 cited in Ref. 8, EPA,

1981] reported that bisphenol A

produced no effects on somatic cells of

Drosophila melanogaster.

C. Short-term (acute) effccts. The oral

L)o in rats, mice, and rabbits was

reported to be 3.25, 2.5 and 2.23 g/kg,

respectively (Ref. 1, AIHA, 1967).

D. Long-term (subchronzc/chronic)

effects. Carcmnopenucitv. A

carcinogenesis bioassay was conducted

in which bisphenol A was fed at levels

of 1,000 or 2,000 ppm to groups of SO rats

of either sex, at levels of 1,000 or 5,000

ppm to groups of 50 male mice, and at

levels of 5,000 or 10,000 ppm to groups of

50 female mice for 103 weelx. It was

concluded that, under the conditions of

the bioassay, "there was no convincing

evidence that bisphenol A was

carcinogenic for rats or mice," (Ref. 22,

NTP 1982]

E. Teratogenicity and reproductive

effects. In a teratogenicity study by

Hardin et al., (Ref. 10, 1981), offspring

from rats receiving intraperitoneal doses

of 85 and 125 mg/kg on days 1 through

15 of gestation showed significantly

reduced mean fetal body weghts and

crown-lo-rump lengths. The mean

number of implants and number of live

fetuses per litter were also reducei in

the high-dose rats. In both groups,

numerous instances of enlarged cerebral

ventricles and retarded skeletal

ossification were seen; one case of

hydroxephalus occurred in the lush-dose

groun. Because of the limited number of

litters, further testing in rats ard mice is

being conducted (Ref. 24, NTP 1924bl. In

the NTP study, the animals are dosed

during the post-implantation poriod

while in Hardins study they were do.zed

earlier in the cycle, i.e. during the preand post-implantation period.

Bisphenol A has been reported to

produced estrogenic effects (Ref. 2,

Bitman and Cecil, 1970]. Bond et al. (Ref.

3. 1980] also tested ovarictomized rats

for estrogenic effects and an increase in

uterine water was observed at higher

doses.

F. Rational for health qff, ct,

recommendations. Concern exists

regarding the potential carcinogenicity

of bsphenol A by the inhalation route of

administration, since that is the mare

route of human exposure. Consequentlv,

it is recommended that bisphenol A be

tested for chrornc toxacith Lclud:n

oncogemcity by the inhalation route.

Furthermore, because of fhe estrogenic

activity, it should also be tested for

reproductive effects.

IV. Ecological effects of concern-A.

Toxicitvy The 98-hour LCG,_ for

sheepshead minnow, tested under flowthrough condtions, was 7.5 mgL (Ref. 7

Dow. 1932).

B. Bioconcentration. No test data

were found. Based upon an estimated

log P of 3.84. the expected

bioconcentration factor (BCF), using the

model of Veith et al. (Ref. 28,1979). is

365.

C. Rationale for ecological effects

recommendations. Based upon the large

production volume, environmental

releases from manufacturers and

processors are likely to occur. The one

acute toxicity test on the sheepshead

nunno, is inadequate to predict the

acute and chromc effects on aquatic

organisms. Because of the large

exposure potential, tests with both

freshwater and estuarne orgamsms are

recommended. Acute and chrome

toxicity tests with several species of

fish, aquatic invertebrates, and algae

should be performed. Based upon the

estimated BCF of 366, a test with fish

should be performed to quantify

bioconcentration.

References

(1) AIHA. 1857. American Industrial

Hygiene Ac-soation. Bisphonol A. Am. Ind.

Hyg. Assoc. J. 23t3]301-394.

(2j Bitman J. Cecil H. C. 1970. Estrogenic

actitity of DDT analogs and po!vchl:zL3ted biphenvls. J. Agnrc Food Chem. ilf561.1io3-

1112.

(3] Bond G. P, McGinras P. . Chaevar r.

L. Hams S. J. Plotmck HL B.t Niecre.cr R. W.,

199. Reproductive effcts cf bisphenol A.

Paper No. C9 presented at the Society of

Toxtcolcgy s I5 h Annual Meeting. Washington. DC. March 9-13. 19Z3 (Abstract).

t4) C&EN IT3. Chemical and Enine-ermg

News. Production by the U.S. Chemical

Industry. January 13,1 M3. p. 31.

(5) CEH. 1978. Chemical Economics

Handhoo%!i Stanford Rezaarch Institute.

Menlo Par, CA: SP InternationaL Seceons

539 r:31A anr1619 E030A.

(6] CEH. 1979. Chemical Economics

HandbooL. Stanford Research Institute.

Menlo Par' , CA: SRI International. Section

5.11C.

(7) Daiw. 1932. Dow Chemical Co. Data

submitted to ITC. Juna 25.193.

(8) EPA. 1931. Chemical Hazard

Information Profile. Draft Report. Bisphenol A. September 18.1931. Washington. DC. U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency.

22397
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday. May 29. 1984 / Notices

(9) Friedman, R. A. 1980. Improvement of

biochemical purification of waste-water from

manufacture of bisphenol A resins. Khum.

Tektronol. Vody 2(2):175-177.

(10) Hardin B. D., Bond G. P., Sikov M. R.,

Andrew F. D., Beliles R. D., Niemeier R. W.

1981. Testing of selected workplace

chemicals for teratogenic potential. Scand. J.

Environ. Health 7(4):66-75.

(11) Kirk-Othmer. 1978. Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. New

York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 90.

(12) Kirk-Othmer. 1980. Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd ed. Vol. 9. New

York: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 267. 274.

(13) Knaak J. B., Sullivan L 1. 196.

Metabolism of bisphenol A m the rat.

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 8:175-184.

(14) Lyman W. J., Reehl W. F., Rosenblatt

D. H. 1982. Handbook of Chemical Property

Estimation Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill

Book Co. p. 14.

(15) Matsumoto G., Hanya T. 1980. Organic

constituents in atmospheric fallout in the

Tokyo area. Atmos. Environ. 14:1409-1419.

(16) Matsumoto G., Ishiwatan, R., Hanya T.

1977 Gas chromatographic-mass

spectrometric identification of phenols and

aromatic acids in river waters. Water Res.

11(8):693-698. (Abstract)

(17) NIOSH. 1979. Health Hazard

Evaluation Report, Results No. 79-7-639, National Institute for Occupational Safety

and Health.

(18) NIOSH. 1980a. Health Hazard

Evaluation Report No. 80-165-907, National

Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

(19) NIOSH. 1980b. Health Hazard

Evaluation Report No. 80-154-1027, National

Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

(20) NIOSH. 1983. Control Technology

Assessment for Chemical Process Unit

Operations. Preliminary Survey Report of

USS Chemicals. Haverhill, Ohio, p. 19. NTIS

PB83-187492. National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health.

(21) NIOSH. 1984. National Occupational

Exposure Survey conducted dtring 1981-83.

Personal communication. National Institute

for Occupational Safety and Health.

(22) NTP. 1982. National Toxicology

Program. Carcinogenesis Program. Bioassay

of bisphenol A. Technical Report No. 215.

(23) NTP. 1984a. NTP Results Reports and

Status Information on all NTP Chemicals,

National Toxicology Program, Research

Triangle Park. NC.

(24) NTP. 1984b. National Toxicology

Program. Personal communication from

Carole Kimmel, National Center for

Toxicologic Research, Jefferson, AR.

2.2.b 1,2-Dibromo-4-(,2-

DibromoethylCyclohexane.

Summary of recommended studies. It

is recommended that 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-

dibromoethyl)cyclohexane (DBDBECH)

be tested for the following:

A. Chemical Fate:

Water solubility

Octanol/water partition coefficient

Soil mobility Persistence

B. Health Effects:

Toxicokinetic studies

Subchromc studies including sperm

morphology and vaginal cytology evaluation

Chromc toxicity studies including

oncogenscity

C. Ecological Effects:

Acute and chromc toxicity to fish,

aquatic invertebrates, and algae Bioconcentration

Physical and Chemical Information

CAS Number: 3322-93-8.

Synonym:

Vinylcyclohexene tetrabromide

Cyclohexane, 1,2-dibromo-4-(1,2-

dibromoethyl) (9 CI)

Structural Formula:

Br

Empirical Formula: CsH 2Br4. Molecular Weight: 428.

Melting Point: 72-73* C.

Log Octanol/Water Partition

Coefficient: 4.7 (estimated; Ref. 8, Lyman

et al., 1982).

Description of Chenucal: Solid.

Rationale for Recommendations

I. Exposure rnf9rmation-A.

Prodiction/use/disposal. Production of

DBDBECH was reported to be 600,000

pounds m 1982 and less than 1 million

pounds in 1983 (Refs. 12 and 13,1983,

1984). The TSCA Inventory (public

portion) reported the 1977 production to

be between and 10 million pounds (Ref. 5, EPA, 1983).The compound is used as a

flame retardant in construction

materials, m high-impact plastic parts of

appliances, and in electric cable

coatings (Refs. 3 and 12, Chemtromcs,

1982; Saytech, 1983). Because it is an

effedtive flame retardant with high thermal stability (Ref.-6, Green and

Versnel, 1974), the demand for the

compound is expected to increase with

the current improvement in the housing and construction industry (Ref. 12,

Saytech, 1983).

B. Evidence for exposure. There is no

information documenting the presence of DBDBECH in the aquatic

environment. Releases from production and use are expected to result in both

human and environmental exposure. II. Chemicalfate information-A.

Transport. Based on an estimated water

solubility of.3 mg/L, transport of

DBDBECH by water is likely. Based on

an estimated log P of 4.7 some

absorption to soil and suspended solids

m water will also occur.

B. Persistence. No information was

found.

C. Rationale for chemical fate recommendations. Chemical fate tests

are needed to determine the mobility

and persistence of DBDBECH under

environmental conditions.

Il1. Biological effects of concern to

human health-A. Summary. DBDBECH

was shown to be negative in the

Salmonella assay in strains TA98,

TA1O0, TA1535, and TA1537 with and

without metabolic activation (Ref, 10,

NTP 1984). In vitro cytogenetc and

mouse lymphoma tests are planned by NTP (Ref. 10, NTP 1984). No other

information on the biological effects of

DBDBECH was found.

B. Rationale for health effects recommendations. DBDBECH is

structurally related to ethylene dibromide, which is a known carcinogen

that has also been shown to produce reproductive abnormalities in several

species (Refs. 1, 4, and 11, Amir et al.,

1983; Courtens et al., 1980: Sastry and

Mukherjee, 1980). Since no data on the

health effects of DBDBECH were found,

toxucokmetic and subchronic studies,

including sperm morphology and vaginal cytology evaluation are recommetided. If

it is determined that there is substantial

exposure to this compound, then chronic

toxicity studies, including oncogenicity,

are recommended.

IV. Ecological effects of concern-A.

Toxicity, No data were found on the

aquatic toxicity of DBDBECH. A similar

compound, 1,2-dichloro-4-

{1,2,dichloroethyl)cyclohexane,

adversely affected rainbow trout and

bluegills after one hour of exposure at 5

mg/L (Ref. 2, Applegate et al., 1957).

B. Bioconcentration. Based on an

estimated log P of 4.7, aquatic organisms

are likely to bioconcentrate DBDBECH.

Using the equation of Veith et al. (Ref.

14, 1979), the bioconcentration factor Is

estimated to be 2000.

C. Rationale for ecological effects recommendations. Based on the

production and uses of DBDBECH,

releases to the aquatic environment are

likely. Although no data were found,

DBDBECH may be highly toxic to

aquatic organisms and may bioconcentrate substantially. Testing is

needed to determine the acute and

chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms

and to quantify the bioconcentration

potential.

References

(1) Amir D., Gledhill B. L., Garner D. L.

Nicolle J. C., Tadmor A. 1983. Spermlogenio, epididymal, and spermatozoal damage induced by a peritesticular Injection of

ethylene dibromide to rams. Anim, Reprod. Sc. 6(1):35-50.

(2) Applegate V. C., Howell J. H., Hall A. E., Jr. 1957. Toxicity of 4,340 chemicals to larval

22398
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 19S4 / Notices 2239

lampreys and fishes. Special Scientific

-Report-Fisheries Vol. 207. p. 49.

Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interor.

(3] Chemtromcs. 1932. Information cn 1,2-

dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl]cyclohexane

provided by J. F. Ss.hulheis, Chemtromcs Inc.

November 5,1982.

(4) Courtens J. L., Amir D, Durand J. 190.

Abnormal spermiogenesis m bulls treated

with ethylene dibrormde: and ultra-structural

and ultra-cytochemical study. J. Ultrastruct.

Res. 71(1).103-115.

(5) EPA. 1983. Environmental Protection

Agency. TSCA Chemical Substances

Inventory (public portion). Washington. DCEnvironmental Protection Agency.

(6) Green J., Versnel J. 1974. Flame

retarding plastics with halogen-contaimn

compounds. J. Fire Flammability/Fire Retard.

Chem. Suppl. -185-204.

(7) IARC. 1977. International Agency for

Research on Cancer. Vol. 15, pp. 195-252-.

(8) Lyman W. J., Reehl W. F., Rosenblatt D.

H. 1932. Handbook of Chemical Property

Estimation Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill

Book Co. Chapter 2.

(9) NTP. 1232. National Toxicology

Program. Carcmogenesis bioassay of 1,2-

dibromoethane (CAS No. 108-93-4) m rats

and B6CF1 mice (inhalation study). Technical

Report No. 210.

(10) NTP. 1934. National Toxicology

Program. Current status of chemicals in PIRs

325-327. Memorandum to the Executive

Secretary, ITC. December 27,1932.

(11) Sastry M. S., Mukherjee D. P 19S0.

Effect of dietary ethylene dibromide on ram

semen. Indian ]. Anan. Health 19(1):71-73.

(12) Saytech. 1933. Information on 1,2-

dibromo4-{1.2-dibromoethyljcyclohexeie

provided by L. Makfinsky, Saytech Inc.

August 31,1933.

(13) Saytech. 19S4. Information on 1,2-

dibromo-4-(1,2-dibromoethyl)cyclohexane

provided by L Makflinsky, Sayterh Inc.

January 25,1934.

(14] Vieth G. D., DeFoe D. L., Bergstedt B.

V. 1979. Measuring and estimating the

bioconcentration factor of chemicals in fish. J.

Fish. Res. Board Can. 36:1040-1048.

2.2.c 2-Ethyihexanoic Acid (9 CI).

Summary of recommended studies. It

is recommended that 2-ethylhexanoic

acid be tested for the following:

Health Effects: Chronic effects

including oncogemcity.

Physical and Chemical Information

CAS Number. 149-57-5.

SYNONYMS:

Butylethylacetic acid

alpha-Ethylcaproic acid

Structural Formula:

CH3 1

;H 2 0

H3C CH2 CH 2CH 2 CH C\

OH

Empirical Formula: C,6Hi1Oa.

Molecular Weight: 144.

Melting Point: - 83 C.

Boiling Point: 22.6.9 C at 70a nmhlg.

Vapor Pressure: 0.03 inlHg at 2a C.

Specific Gravity. 0.C077 (20120" C].

Solubility in Water 0.l% at -20' C (Ref

24, Union Carbide, 1933a).

Log Octanol/Watcr Partition

Coefficient: 3 (estiwaited; Ref. 11, Lyman

et al., 1932).

Description of Chemical: 2-

Ethylhex:anoic acid is a mild-odored

liquid. It is a weal. acid that in the

presence of a strong acid, will react v,ith

an alcohol to produce an ester (Ref. 15,

Morrison and Boyd, 1973].

Rationale for Recommendatio as

I. Eposure inforation-A.

Prodvction/use/disposal. The 1977 U.S

manufacture/importation of 2-

ethyLhe.:anoic acid, as listed In the

public portion of the TSCA Inventory,

was 11.1-61 million pounr.. (Ref. 7, EP.A

1932. The largest producer hsted in the

Inventory has stated that itN current

annual production range iG 10-30 million

pounds and that production is expected

to remain at this level in the fot re (Ref,

6, Eastman Kodak, 1933]. Other

manufacturers have confirnmed

additional current production and

importation of greater than on- milliun

pounds (Ref. 8, 3, and 2, File Chemica,

1933a; BASF 1933, American Hocchst,

1933).

2-jtVlhexanoiC acid is a chnCMUcl

intermediate us.d pririqly in the

mansffactura of 2-etyIhe%..anoc metal

soaps (ro. 9, File Chemical, 19Oi3b). T",e

soaps are utilizd uyarmrily is

promotris for curnig thermo-ct pvlyester

resins, as dners fur ceriman oiI.bocd

paints, Lrdk, varnisheo, and enamels,

and as catalysts for polyurethane foams.

Typically, the various soaps are added

to the unsaturated polyester re-in, paint.

or foain polyol at levels of less than one

p.rcent (Ref. 6, Fastman Nodal;, 1f33).

Esters cnd salts of 2-cthylhexanoic

acid have becin used in the paparahion

of synthetic greazses and lobricants.

Diesters of 2-ethT'eanoic acid with

triethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol

are u-ed as thil, eners in lubricants for

both low- and high-terimperatore

applications (Ref. 6, Fa,3iman Kodak,

1m8).

The National Oc tupational Htaiard

Survey lists 16,613 perzons as beinS

potentially e;posed to 2-eth,)he.annic

acid during 19;0 (Ref. 10, P.1OSHI, 1983).

Bet'ause vapors et the conopoand may

irritate the eyes, no-we, nil J 'roat, and

tha liquid mateaal causes snfficjnt

rkin and eye irritation, wuo ers are

urged to use protective cloth:%,

eyewear and respir.Aor3 dtr- iw, b'i aling

(Ref. 24 and 3, Union Carbide, 1333;

Eastman Kodak, 19833).

One manufacturer reported that trace

amounts of the compound are release&d

to the atmosphere during manufacture.

Recommended disposal methods for the

compound during manufacture and inhouse use include incineration and

treatment at an onsite wastewater

treatment facility (Ref. 6, Eastman

lo .hk. 1 3]). Another manufacturer

stated that its recommended method of

waste disposal is incineration (Ref. 2-1,

Union Carbide, 1933a).

B..Et idence for eposure. Although 2-

ethylhe:,anoic acid is not used m

consumer products, the 2-

ethylhe:.anoate metal soaps are utilized

in such products. Thus, general

population exposure to the anion mav

occur. The compound also has been

detected in leachate from a landfill m

Oklahoma at 4.2 mg/L (Ref. 5, Dunlop et

al., 1976).

H. Chemical fate mformation. No test

data wtere found pertamg to the

transport and persistence of 2-

ethylhc'xanoic acid. Although rapid

biodegratation of the chencal has been

predicted, its presence in leachate from

a landfill does not support this position.

IL. Bio!oyral effe 'ts of concern to

human heafth-A. Acute to.xiciti. The

oral !,D: of 2.ethylhexanoic amd in rats

w.as 3 g/kg and the dermal LDo in

rabbilt was 6.3 ml/kg (Ref. 2-3. Smvth

and Carpenter. 191). The dermal IU-) in

guinea p7s vrith a 4-day contact period

vas 6.3 f,. kg (Ref. 25, Union Carbide,

1933b). The dermal LDzo in ginea pigs

ond rabbits was reported ao 5,6-0 mg[kg

and 1,.-9 mg/kg, respectively (Ref. 4,

Clayton and Clayton, 1932). The

inhalation LC>3 in guinea pigs was

determined to be greater than 413 ppm/6

hours (Ref. 6, Eastman I dT, Z'3.

Undiluted 2-ethrlhexanoic acid (0.01

ml) caused corel necrosis of the rabbit

eye. The undiluted compound and 10

percent solutions in acetone caused sk n

erytherna in rabbits (Ref. 25, Union

Carbide, 19mb).

B. Teratoemcirf/embrvotloxcity. N,o

information was found regardin- tl'e

teratogenicity or embryotoicitv of 2-

ethylhexanic acid.

C. LA.tabolicm ard toxjcokn.?cs

studks. No information was found on

the metabolism or toxico!anctics of 2-

ethylheannc acid. However, 2-

ethylhe7:ar'oxc acid was one of the initial

metabolltes identified when 2-

ethylc2arnol was administered o7rlly to

rats (Ref. 1, Albro, 1975].

D. Gcotordtv. 2-Ethy.ie,'meaic acid

has bean select ?d for mutagenicity

testing in the Salmonella iicrosomal

assay and for in-vitro cytoganets

testing in Chineze hamster ouary cel!s

(Rex. 2, INIP 1934). No other
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1984 / Notices

information was found on genotoxicity

testing of this compound. However, 13

compounds containing the 2-ethylhexyl moiety were negative in the Salmonella

assay both with- and without metabolic

activation (ReL 19, NTP 1983a).

E. Carcnogenicity. No information

was found on the carcinogenicity of 2-

ethylhexanoic acid. To date, NTP has

tested four compounds containing the 2-

ethylhexyl moiety for carcinogenicity

and other chronic toxic effects in rats

and mice, namely, di(2-ethylhexyl)

phthalate (DEHP), di(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate (DEHA), tris(2-

ethylhexyl)phosphate, and 2-ethylhexyl

sulfate (Refs. 17 18, 20, and 21, NTP

1982a; NTP 1982b; NTP 1983b; NTP

1983c). The administration of all four

compounds correlated with increased

occurrences of hepatocellular tumors,

principally carcinomas, in female mice.

DEHA and DEHP also induced

hepatocellular tumors in male rmce,

while DEHP caused hepatocellular

tumors in female mice and rats. These

results suggest that compounds

containing the 2-ethylhexyl moiety may have some carciiogemc potential for the

mouse liver (Ref. 10, Kluwe, 1984).

F. Other effects. In a chemical class

study, DEHP DEHA, di(2-ethylhexyl)- sebacate, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, 2-

ethylhexanoic acid, and, to a lesser

extent, 2-ethylhexyl aldehyde induced

an increase in hepatic peroxisomes and

peroxisome-associated enzymes, whereas adipic acid, diethyl phthalate,

hexanol, hexyl aldehyde and hexanoic

acid did not (Ref. 13, Moody and Reddy,

1978]. Subsequent research on all of the

above chemicals except di(2-

ethylhexyl)sebacate demonstrated that

those compounds that induced

peroxisomal proliferation also produced

a decrease m serum triglyceride and

cholesterol concentrations in rats (Ref.

14, Moody and Reddy, 1982]. These data

indicate that the 2-ethylhexyl moiety

may be important in inducing these

effects.

G. Rationale for health effects

recommendations. The potential exists

for occupational exposure to 2-

ethylhexanoic acid. General population

exposure to the 2-ethylhexanoate anion

may occur from the use of products

contaimng 2-ethylhexanoate metal

soaps. Suspicion exists as to the

potential toxicity of the 2-ethylhexyl moiety on the basis of results from

carcinogenicity studies of four 2-

ethylhexyl compounds and of the ability of a group of 2-ethylliexyl compounds,

including 2-ethylhexanoic acid, to

induce peroxisomal proliferation and

hypolipidemia in rats. Accordingly,

chronic studies including oncogemcity

studies in rats and mice are

recommended for 2-ethylhexanoic acid.

IV Ecological effects. Compounds of

similar structure have been found to

have low to moderate toxicity. 2-

Ethylhexanoic acid is not expected to be

toxic to aquatic organisms at the levels

at which it is likely to occur in the

environment. Hence tests for ecological effects are not recommended.

References

(1) Albro P. W. 1975. The metabolism of 2-

ethylhexanol in rats. Xenobiotica 5:625-636.

(2] American Hoechst. 1983. Unpublished

information on the importation of 2-

ethylhexanoic acid provided by N. M. Scarpa,

American Hoechst Corp. September 22,1983.

(3) BASF. 1983. Unpublished information on the importation of 2-ehylhexanoic acid

provided by M. Klosowski, BASF Wyandotte

Corp. August 30,1983.

(4) Clayton G. D., Clayton F. E. (ed.). 1982.

Patty's Industral Hygiene and Toxicology,

3rd revised edition, Vol. 1C. New York, New

York: Wiley-Interscience. pp. 4925-4926.

(5) Dunlop W. J., Shew D. C., Robertson J.

M., Toussaint C. R. 1976. Organic pollutants

contributed to groundwater by a landfill.

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of

Research and Development, EPA-600/9-76-

004, Gas and Leachate from Landfills

Formation, Collection, and Treatment. pp 96-

110.

(6) Eastman Kodak. 1983. Unpublished

information on the production, use,

occupational exposure, environmental

releases, and toxicity of 2-ethylhexanoic acid

submitted by D. W. Kreh, Eastman Chemicals

Division, Eastman Kodak Co. September 16,

1983.

(7) EPA. 1982. TSCA Chemical Substances

Inventory (public portion). Washington, DC:

Environmental Protection Agency.

(8) File Chemical. 1983a. Unpublished

information on the importation of 2-

ethylhexanoic acid subnitted by J. A. Saluzzi,

File Chemical, Inc. August 5. 1933.

(9) File Chemical. 1983b. Unpublished

information on the importation and use of 2-

ethylhexanoic acid provided by B. Higgins, File Chemical, Inc. July 25,1983.

(10) Kluwe W. 1984. Comparative chronic

toxicities and carcinogemc potentials of four

2-ethylhexyl-containing compounds in rats

and mice. Prepublication manuscript.

(11) Lyman W. J., Reehl W. F., Rosenblatt

D. H. 1982. Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill

Book Co. Chapter 1.

(12) Mobil Chemical. 1983. Unpublished

information on the production of 2-

ethylhexanoic acid provided by W. R.

Smithey, Mobil Chemical Corp. July 28,1983.

(13) Moody D. E., Reddy J. K. 1978. Hepatic peroxisome (microbody) proliferation in rats

fed plasticizers and related compounds. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 45:497-504.

(14) Moody D. E., Reddy, J. K. 1982. Serum

triglyceride and cholesterol contents in male

rats receiving diets containing plasticizers and analogues of the ester 2-ethylhexanol. Toxicol. Lett. 10:273-249.

(15) Momson R. T., Boyd R. N, 1973,

Organic Chemistry, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Allyn

and Bacon, Inc., p. 580.

(16) NIOSH. 1983. National Occupational

Hazard Survey. Cincinnati, OH: National

Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,

(17) NTP 1982a. Carcinogenesis Bloassay

of Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate. F344 Rats and

B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Study). TR-212, National

Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park,

NC.

(18) NTP. 1982b. Carcinogenesis Bloassay

of Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate In F344 Rats and

B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Study). TR-217, National

Toxicology Progiam, Research Triangle Park,

NC.

(19) NTP 1983a. Memorandum entitled

"Nomination of Additional Compounds

Containing the 2-Ethylhexyl Moiety for NTP

Mutagenicity Testing" from D. A. Canter to

Members, NTP Chemical Evaluation

Committee, National Toxicology Program.

May 2, 1933.

(20) NTP 1983b. Carcinogeneiio studies of

sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate in F3/IN rats

and B6C3F1 mice (Feed Study). TR-250,

National Toxicology Program. Rocarch

Triangle Park, NC. Final report in

preparation.

(21) NTP 1983c. Toxicity and

Carcinogenicity of Tris(2-

ethylhexyl)phosphate in F344/N Rats and

B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Study). National

Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park,

NC. Final report in preparation.

,(22) NTP 1984. NTP Results Report, Results

and Status Information on all NTP Chemicals,

National Toxicology Program, Research

Triangle Park, NC.

(23) Smyth, H. F., Jr., Carpenter C. P. 1944,

The place of the range-finding test in the

industrial laboratory. J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol,

26:269-273.

(24) Union Carbide, 1983a. Data from

Product Bulletin on Organic Acids (1974) and

Material Safety Data Sheet on 2-

ethylhexanoic acid (1978 submitted by G. P

Bigelow, Umon Carbide Corp. October 14,

1983.

(25) Union Carbide. 1983b. Unpublished

summary toxicity data submitted by T. R.

Tyler, Union Carbide Corp. September 20,

1983.

2.2.d Isopropylblphenyls

Summary of recommended studies, It

is recommended that the mixed iso-mers

of isopropylbiphenyl (1PBP) and the

mixed isomers of diisopropylbiphenyl

(DIPBP) be tested for the following:

A. Chemical Fate:

Water solubility

Octanol/water partition coefficient

Persistence

Soil mobility

B. Health Effects:

Chronic toxicity, with emphasis on

neurotoxic and kidney effects

C. Ecological Effects:

Acute and.chronic toxicity to fish,

aquatic invertebrates, and algae

Bioconcentraton

If IPBP and DIPBP can not be isolated

and tested separately, then tests with

I v I

22400
Federal Register I Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuep day, M;v 29. 1934 / Notices

twto commercial mixtures should be

performed: one high in IPBP and one

high n DIPBP

Physical and Chemical Information

CAS Number.

Isopropylblphenyl: 25640-78-2

Dilsopropylbiphenyl: 62099-90-1

Synonyms:

Isopropylbiphenylk IPBP-1 .'

Biphenyl, (1-methylethyl)-(O CIJ

Diisopropylbiphenyl: DIPBP-1.'

Biphenyl, ar, ar'.bis(1-mehylethylj-

(9 CI)

Structural Formula:

I H,3),CH] CH(Hj2Y

For IPBP: x=I, y=O

For DIPBP" x=1, y=l or %=2, y=O

Empirical Formula:

Isopropylbipheny.l: C,.Ht0

Diisopropy lbrphenvh CviH

Molecular Weight:

lspropvlbiphenyl 19S

DiisoprqpvlbphenvI: 233

Meling Pdint: No data were found on

the pure compounds.

Boiling Point: No data were found on

the pure compounds.

Vapor Pressure: No data were found

on the pure compounds.

Specific Gravity: No data were found

on the pure compounds.

Water Solubility: No data were found

on the pure compounds.

Log/Octanol Water Partition

Coefficient:

lsqpropvlNphenvI: 5.34 (estim3ted;

ReL 14, Peterman, 1983]

Diisopropylbiphenyl: 6.64 (estimated;

Ref. 14, Peterman. 1933)

Available data on the physcial and

chemical properties of vanous

commercial mixtures of IPBP and DIPBP

are presented in the follorang Table 1.

224,1,
22402 Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1984 / Notices

Table 1--Physical and Chemical Properties. of Commercial Mixtures

Conbaining Isopropylbiphenyls and Diisoproyjbiphenyls

Compound

Property CGa Wemcol® SURE SOLb-250

% Isopropylbiphenyl

% Dilsopropylbiphenyl

> 94

< 6

98 9 b

<1 1

> 94 c

< 6

Specific gravity 0 98-0 99

Log P

Water solubility

Vapor pressure

Melting point

Boiling point

-- 10 mg/Lb, 0 051 mg/Le

__ 5x10-4 " mm~igd

-- < -55C b

0 01 mmllgf

>2330 C

aRef 19, Sybron, 1982

bRef 23, Westinghouse, 1977

cRef 8, Koch, 1982

dEstimated (Ref 1, Addison, 1983)

eMeasured (Ref 13, Ozburn et al , 1980)

fRef, 18, Sun, 1977

Rationale for Recommendations

I. Exposure information-A.

Production/use/disposal.

Isopropylbiphenyls (IPBPs) and

diisopropylbiphenyls (DIPBPs) are

produced simultaneously and are not

separated for commercial purposes

(Refs. 8, 9, Koch, 1982, 1983). Both

compounds are sold as mixtures

containing varying ratios of IPBP and

DIPBP The commercial mixtures

generally contain also small amounts

(<1%) of triisopropylbiphenyls.

Information on the current uses and

production of commercial mixtures

containing IPBP and DIPBP is presented

in the following Table 2.

0 9 8 8 b

5 23 d , 7 0e

0 990u
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1984 / Notices

Table 2--Data on Current Production and Uses of Commercial Mixtures

Containing Isopropylbiph eyls and Diisopropylbiphenylsa

Product Manufacturer Production Percent Use

(million lb ) IPBP

SURE SOL®-250 Koch 3-4 >94 Dielectric fluid

CG Sybron 0 84-8 4 >94 Dielectric fluid

PG Sybron >75 Carbonless copy

paper

0 36-36

MPG Sybron 0 >72 5 Carbonless copy

paper

aRefs 8 and 19, Koch, 1982, Sybron, 1982

Mixtures of IPBP and DIPBP

containing high percentages of IPBP

(>94 percent) are used as dielectric

fluids m capacitors (Refs. 8 and 19,

Koch, 1982; Sybron, 1982), whereas

mixtures containing less IPBP are

normally used as dye solvents in the

manufacture of carbonless copy paper

(Ref. 19, Sybron, 1982]. The dye solvent

constitutes approximately 3 percent of

the paper's weight. Tulp et al. (Ref. 21,

1978] analyzed a sample of the

commercial product WemcolO a

capacitor fluid, and found that it

contained 60.3 percent 3-

isopropylbiphenyl and 38.6 percent 4-

isopropylbiphenyl, with the remainder

containing four isomers of

diisopropylbiphenyl.

SURE SOLO-250 is produced in a

closed system (Ref. 8, Koch, 1982). No

information was available on the

number of workers exposed to IPBP and

DIPBP during the manufacturing process.

The potential for widespread human

exposure to IPBP and DIPBP exists

through their use in carbonless copy

paper. IPBP and DIPBP are expected to

enter the environment via wastewaters

from plants manufacturing the mixtures,

from plants making carbonless copy

paper, from paper mills using recycled

paper, from capacitor leakage, and from

landfills where capacitor3 and

carbonless copy paper have been

discarded. Leaching from landfills is

also a potential source of human

exposure through groundwater

contamination.

B. Evidence for exposure. There is no

direct evidence of human exposure to

the compounds. However, two teams of

investigators have reported health

complaints by office workers using

carbonless copy paper containing the

compounds (Refs. 10 and 7 Levy and

Hanoa, 1982; Kleinman and Horstmnsn,

1982). Peterman (Ref. 14,1983)

investigated the distribution of PCB

substitutes in the Fox River system of

Wisconsin. He found m-IPBP and p-IPBP

in the wastewater discharge of a

demkmg-recyclxg paper mill that used

mixed waste paper. He also detected the

compounds in walleyed pike collected in

the lower Fox River downstream from

the discharge site.

A monitoring study performed by the

State of Wisconsin (Ref 15, St. Amant et

al., 1983) during 1978-81 revealed the

presence of IPBP in fish from several

other locations in Green Bay and

Sturgeon Bay.

IL Chemwcafate mformation-A.

Transport. Th3 high log octanol/water

partition coefficients (behveen 5 and 7)

and the low water solubilities indicate

that these compounds are lilely to sorb

strongly to sediment and suspended

matter in receiving waters. Suspended

matter can be transported over large

distances. There is insufficient

information to determine the extent that

these compounds are transported. As

stated above, lPBP was found in fish

downstream from the point of discharge.

B. Persistence. Westinghouse (Ref. 23,

1977] pzrformed tests with a mucture

containing 98.9 percent IPBP ffemcol]).

In a river die-away study using river

water and sediment, greater than E0

percent of the mrture (concentration

unspecified) was biodegraded in 48

hours. In a sewage sludge test, E9

percent biodegradation occurred in 24

hours and 100 percent in less than one

week. These data suggest facile

degradation. However, the presence of

IPBP in the discharge of the paper mill

after wastewater treatment and in fish

several miles away indicates either that

IPBP does not readily biodegrade or that

at high concentrations (as are likely to

be present in the recycling mill

wastewater] bacteria cannot degrade

2240
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday. May 29. 1984 / Notices

IPBP fast enough to remove it entirely

from the effluent.

C. Rationale for chemicalfate

recommendations. Chemical fate tests to

determine the potential for transport

and persistence within the aquatic

environment should be performed.

III. Biological effects of concern to

human health-A. Toxicokinetics and

metabolism. Sullivan et al. (Refs. 16 and

17 1977 1978) presented excretion

studies indicating that 4-IPBP is nearly completely absorbed by the

gastrointestinal tract of the rat and that

48 hours after administration of a single

oral dose or intraperitoneal dose of 4

CIPBP more than 80 percent of the

radioactivity was eliminated. The

authors noted that 4-IPBP and/or its

metabolites were sequestered in fatty

tissues and were then released at slower

rates into the bloodstream for ultimate

metabolism and elimination. The same

authors reported on biotransformation

of 4-IPBP indicating hydroxylation of

the benzene ring and oxidative reactions

of the isopropyl chain.

B. Mutagencity. Cline and McMahon

(Ref. 5,1977) and McMahon et al. (Ref.

12, 1979) studied the mutagenic activity of 4-IPBP in 10 microbial strains over a 10,000-fold concentration gradient with

and without metabolic activation and it was found to be inactive. Other studies

(Ref. 11, Litton Bionetics, 1976)

demonstrated no mutagenic activity in

assays conducted either in the presence or absence of a liver-activation system.

C. Short-term (acute) effects. Cannon

(Ref. 3, 1975a) and Westinghouse (Ref.

23, 1977) reported acute oral LDo0 values

for IPBP in rats of 4.7 and 8.5 g/kg,

respectively. During toxicity studies in

rats and dogs, 4-IPBP produced erosions

and ulcerations of the upper

gastrointestinal mucosa, degenerative

changes in kidney tubules, and papillary

necrosis (Ref. 20, Todd et al., 1975).

Sullivan et al. (Ref. 17 1978)

performed 90-day toxicity studies with

IPBP and noted nephrotoxicity, renal

lesions, and small calculi in the renal

pelvis and bladder.

When IPBP was administered orally

to rats at 800 mg/kg/day for 10-15 days,

it caused neutropenia, lymphocytosis,

hypoprotememia, dystrophy of the liver

and kidneys, hyperplasia in the spleen,

and hypertrophy in myocardial fibers

(Ref. 22, Volodchenko et al., 1973).

D. Skin absorption and irritation

studies. Several studies showing IPBP to

be a skin irritant have been reported (Refs. 6, 23, and 4, Haley et al., 1959;

-Westinghouse, 1977- Cannon 1975b).

E. Carcinogenicity, teratogenicity,

embryotoxicity, and fetotoxicity. No

information was found.

F Observations in humans. Levy and

Hanoa (Ref. 10, 1982) reported that

office workers complained of an

unpleasant odor from a new set of selfcopying paper forms. The-workers

complained also of headaches, irritation,

fatigue, and redness of the eyes and

face. The odor was attributed to the

release of IPBP solvent from the sheets,

which were impregnated with both color

former and developer on the front and

capsules with color former on the back.

The complaints gradually disappeared after the suspect forms were replaced with forms from another manufacturer.

Kleinman and Horstman (Ref. 7 1982)

presented a preliminary report of health

complaints attributed to the use of

carbonless copy paper containing IPBP

Of the exposed office workers on the

campus of the University of Washington who responded to a questionnaire, 26.8

percent reported health problems associated with the use of carbonless

copy paper and 14.0 percent reported

some health effects but were uncertain if

these effects were related to the use of

the paper. The authors reported a

stastisically significant association

between the number of complaints and

the amount of paper used.

G. Rationale for health effects recommendations. There is a potential for dermal exposure to IPBP and DIPBP

particularly as a result of their use in

carbonless copy paper. Also there is a

potential for human exposure through consumption of fish and drinking water

contaminated with the compounds. In

view of reports of adverse health effects

following exposure of office workers to

copy paper containing the compounds, adverse effects in laboratory animals,

and lack of chronic toxicity data, it is

recommended that 2-year chronic

toxicity testing be undertaken, with

emphasis on evaluating funther

neurotoxic and kidney effects.

IV Ecological effects of concern-A.

Short-term (acute) effects. According to

Westinghouse (Ref. 23,1977), the 96-hour

LCz values of WemcolO (98.9% IPBP) for

bluegills ,and rainbow trout are 4.0 and

2.5 mg/L. respectively. These tests were

static tests, and the concentrations of

IPBP were not measured m the test

waters. These4LCso values substantially exceed the reported water solubility limit of 0.051 mg/L (Ref. 13, Ozburn et

al., 1980).

Ozburn et al. (Ref. 13,1980) performed 96-hour flow-through toxicity tests with

Wemcolu and flagfish (Jordanella

floridae). An acetone carrier was used

to help solubilize the compound in the

test water. The LCso values for young and adult fish based on measured test

concentrations of IPBP were 0.28 mg/L and greater than 0.75 mg/L, respectively.

These values also exceed the reported

solubility limit in water. Therefore, the

aquatic toxicity data should be

confirmed.

B. Long-term (chronic) effects. Ozburn

etal. (Ref. 13, 1980) performed a 31-day

test to investigate the potential effects of

WemcolO on reproduction of flagfish.

After spawning had begun in all test

aquaria, five concentrations of WemcolO

were introduced into the test aquaria.

After exposure during a 21-day

spawning period, fry survival was investigated over an additional 10-day

exposure period. Exposure to WemcoP®

had an effect on the adult fish: three of

seven died at the 0.42 mg/L exposure

level, and one each died at the 0.2 and

0.1 mg/L concentrations, respectively.

Although there were apparently no

adverse effects on reproduction, fry

survival was reduced at a measured

IPBP concentration of 0.43 mg/L.

C. Bioconcentration and fcod-chain

transport. Ozburn et al. (Ref, 13, 1980)

performed a 28-day uptake, 14-day

depuration bioconcentration test with

flagfish. Fish were exposed to mean

IPBP concentrations of 3.5 and 24.1 jg/L,

Using the BIOFAC computer program

developed by Blau and Agin (Ref. 2,

-1978), the bioconcentration factors for

the low and high exposures were

estimated to be 2,896 and 10,790,

respectively. The times to 90 percent

steady-state for the low and high

exposures were 9.6 and 5.3 days,

respectively. The time to 50 percent

clearance at both exposure levels was

less than 3 days.

D. Rationale for ecological effecto

recommendations. IPBP and DIPBP have

been detected in the aquatic

environment. Through their continued use in carbonless copy paper and as a dielectric fluid, there remains a potential

for environmental release.

No data were found on the toxicity of

DIPBP and the aqyiatic toxicity data for

IPBP need confirmation. The

inconsistency in the toxicity data with

regard to reported solubility indicates

that acute toxicity values may be lower

than presently measured, The data

indicate that IPBP is toxic to fish at

concentrations of less than 1 mg/L.

There are no data on the effects of the

compound on aquatic invertebrates such as Daphnia magna. Because of the

suspected toxicity at less than I mg/L

and the high bioconcentration potential

of these compounds, chronic toxicity

tests should be performed below the

limits of solubility. An early life-stage

test with at least one fish (rainbow

trout) and a life-cycle test with at least

one invertebrate (Daphnia magna)

I

22404
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1934 / Notices

should be performed. Bioconcentration

tests with fish should also be performed.

Because of the uncertainties

concerning the fate and persistence of

these compounds, laboratory microcosm

studies are recommended. These studies

would determine distribution of the

compounds in test animals, sediment,

and water column of the test system and

would measure the effects on benthic

and water-column species.

References

{1) Addison R. F. 1983 PCB replacements in

dielectric fluids. Environ. Sci. Technol.

17(10)-486-494.

(2) Blau G. E., Agin G. L 1978. A users manual for BIOFAC: a computer program for

characterizing the rates of uptake and

clearance of chemicals in aquatic organisms.

The Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI.

(3) Cannon. 1975a. The acute oral toxicity

study of X489-17B in rats. Final report

submitted to Sun Oil Co., Marcus Hook, PA,

by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., Reading, PA.

February 19,1975.

(4) Cannon. 1975b. The effects of X489-17B on abraded and nonabraded skin of New

Zealand albino rabbits. Final report

submitted to Sun Oil Co., Marcus Hook, PA.

by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., Reading, PA.

February 10,1875.

(5) Cline JC, McMahon RE. 1977. Detection

of chemical mutagens. Use of concentration

gradient plates in a high capacity screen. Res.

Commun. Chen. Pathol. Pharmacol.

16[3):523-533.

(6) Haley T. J., Detrick L. E., Komesu N.,

Williams P., Upham H. C., Baurmash L. 1959.

Toxicologic studies on polyphenyl

compounds used as atomic reactor

moderator-coolants. Toxicol. Appl.

PharmacoL 1:515-523.

(7) Kleinman G. D., Horstman S. W. 1982.

Health complaints attributed to the use of

carbonless copy paper (a preliminary report).

Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. .43(6):432-435.

(8) Koch. 1982. Unpublished information

submitted to ITC by Dale F. Janes. Koch

Refining Co. June 16,1982.

(9) Koch. 1983. Unpublished information

submitted to ITC by Dale F. Janes and Dan

Hawkinson, Koch Refining Co. October 11

and 14.1983, respectively.

(10] Levy F., Hanoa R. 1982. Selfcopymg

paper. A cause of health complaints? Tidsskr.

Nor. Laegeforen. 102(7).435, 442-444.

Abstract.

(11) Litton Bionetics. 1976. Mutagemucity

evaluation of SUN X-489-17 experimental fiud. Final report submitted to Sun Oil Co. of

Pennsylvania, Marcus Hook, PA. by Litton

Bionetics, Inc., Kensington. MD. June 22,1976.

(12) McMahon R. E., Cline J. C., Thompson C. Z. 1979. Assay of 855 test chemicals'in ten

tester strams using a new modification of the

Ames test for bacterial mutagens. Cancer

Res. 39:682-683.

(13) Ozbum G. W., Smith A. D., Orr D. E.

1980. Bioaccumulation rates, acute and

chronic effects of new dielectric fluid

products on fish. Summary report for

Provincial Lottery Project No. 77-003-32.

Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario.

36 pp.

(14) Peterman P. HL 1983. Polychlonnated

biphenyl (PCB) substitute compounds in the

Fox River systcnu their identification and

distribution. M. S. thesis. Univ. of Wisconsin.

Madison, WL 298 pp.

(15) St. Amant J. R. Parco M. E., Sheffy T.

B. 1983. Final report en the toxic substances

survey of Lake Miclugan. Superior, and

tributary streams. Wisconsin Dcpartment of

Natural Resources, Madison. WL 31 pp.

(16) Sullivan I-L R., McMahon R. E..

Hoffman D. G., Marshall F. J., Biihng R. E.,

Benslay D. N., Marshall W. S. 1977.

Metabolite identification by GC-MS: spe.icl

differences in the metabolic pattcrns of

isopropylbiphenyL Mass. Spectrom. Drug

Metab. [Proc. Int. Symp.]. pp. 31.43.

(17) Sullivan H. R., McMahon R. E.

Hoffman D. G.. Marshall F. J.. Billings R. E..

Benslay D. N., Marshall W. S. 1978.

Isopropylbiphenyl metabolism in the rat.

Relationships between metabolism.

pharmacology and toxicology. Xcnobiotica.

8[6:333-340.

(18) Sun. 1977. Sun Petroleum Products

Company Material Safety Data Ehcet (dated

8/77) submitted to ITC by Dale F. Janes, Koch

Refining Co. June 10, 1932.

(19) Sybron, 1982. Unpublished information

submitted to ITC by Jack R. Siegelbaum.

Sybron Corp. June 1,1982.

(20] Todd C. C., Hoffman D. G, Bernhard

N. R. 1975. Renal papillary necrosis produced

by a metabolite of a new antiinflammatory

agent, 4-isopropylbiphenyl. Vet. Pathol.

12(1):69-70.

(21) Tup M. T. M., van Stem G. C..

Hutzmger 0. 1978. Environmental chemistry

of PCB-replacement compounds. VL

Composition and metabolism of Wemcoll an

isopropylbiphenyl formulation. Chemosphera

(9:747-759.

(22) Volodchenko V. A., Sadokha E. R.,

Yaremenko V. D. 1973. Toxicity of

isopropyldiphenyL Farmahol. TokeikoL

(Kiev.). 8:183-184. Abstract.

(23) Westinghouse. 1977. Wemcol3

capacitor fluid. Information supplied by

Westinghouse Distribution Apparatus

Division in Bloomington. IN. Submitted to M.

Greif, ITC, by Dale F. Jones, Koch Refin 3 i.

Co. June 16. 1982.

2.3.a 3,4-Dichlorobenzotrifluorde.

Summary of recommended studies. It

is recommended that 3,4-

dichlorobenzotrifluonde (DCBTFJ be

tested for the followmng:

A. Chemical Fate:

Water solubility

Octanol/water partition coefficient

Persistence

Soil mobility

B. Health Effects:

Toxicolanetics

Genoto-icity

Subchronic effects

Chronic effects including oncogencity

C. Ecological Effects:

Acute and chronic tomcity to fish,

aquatic mvetebrates, and algae

Bio concentration

Physical and Chemical Information

CAS Number:. 328-84-7

Synonyms:

Benzene, 1,2-xdichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-(9 CI}.

3,4-Dichloro-a. a, a-trifluorotoluene.

Structural Formula:

CI ( n CF3

Empirical Formula: CH 3CUF3.

Molecular Weight: 215.

Melting Point: -12* C.

Boiling Point: 170' C.

Vapor Pressure: 2 mmHg at 250 C.

Specific Gravity: 1.47

Solubility In water- 23 mg/L

(estimated; Ref. 6, Lyman et al., 1982).

Log Octanol/Water Partition

ficient: 4.7 (estimated; Ref. 6. Lyman et

al., 1932).

Description of Chencal: Clear liquid.

Rationale for Recommendations

I. Ekxposure information-A.

Production/use/disposal. The only

recent manufacturer of 3,4-

dichlorobenzotrifluoride (DCBTF) in the

United States has reported that the

company no longer makes the compound

(Ref. 7 Occidental, 1983). However, U.S.

importation of the compound in recent

years reached a peak of approxmmately

3.5 million pounds in 1981 as shown

below (Refs. 13 and 14, USITC, 1980-.83]:

Year and volume imported

I.'-,. 143 511

The compound is used as a raw

material in the manufacture of other

cheucal intermediates. It is estimated

that inhalation exposure occurs to

workers at an average concentration of

less than 10 ppm (Ref. 8, Rohin and

Haas, 1982). Environmental releases to

air and water from industrial processing

have been reported (Ref. 8, Rohin and

Haas, 1982). In addition, disposal of tha

compound in landfills is believed to be

the source of DCBTF found in river

water (Ref. 2, Elder et al., 1981).

B. Evidence for exposure. The

compound has been found at

concentrations of 0.02 to 0.28 mg/kg m

the edible portion of fish sampled from

the Niagara River (Ref. 16, Yurawecz,

1979). Elder et al. (Ref. 2,1981] found

DCBTF in water and/or sediment

samples taken from Bloody Run Creek.

22405
2406Federal Register I Vol. 49. No. 104 I Tuesday. May 29. 1984 / Nntinenq

The creek drains the Hyde Park landfill

and flows into the Niagara River. The

concentrations were estimated to be on

the order of 0.1 to 1 ppb in the water and

0.5 to 2 ppm in the sediment.

II. Chemicalfate information-A.

Transport. The fact that DCBTF has

been found in the creek that drains the

Hyde Park landfill demonstrates that

DCBTF can be transported in water

(Ref. 2, Elder et al., 1981).

B. Persistence. The compound is

expected to persist in the aquatic environment as evidenced by the

concentrations of DCBTF found in

Niagara River fish (Ref. 16, Yurawecz,

1979). In an anaerobic biodegradation

test with 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride (pCBTF), a structural analog of DCBTF,

only 64 percent of the compound was

converted to gaseous products during a

59-day test (Ref. 3, EPA, 1984). Because

of the volatility ofp-CBTF an attempt to

determine aerobic biodegradation was

unsuccessful; and in a 28-day test to

determine photolysis, there was no

degradation of this analog.

C. Rationale for chemical fate recommendations. Although DCBTF is

expected to persist in the aquatic environment, information is needed to

quantify the removal during wastewater

treatment and the rates of

biodegradation in receiving waters.

II1 Biological effects of concern to

human health-A. Toxwokinetics

(absorption, distribution, and excretion).

No texicokinetic data have been found,

but the estimated log P of 4.7 suggests that the chemical may accumulate in

body lipids.

B. Metabolism. No information was

found.

C. Mutagenicity. No data on DCBTF

were found. The analog 4-

chlorobenzotrifluoride was positive in

an unscheduled DNA synthesis assay (EUE cells) and in a sister-chromatid

exchange study (Ref. 4, Hooker, 1981).

D. Short-term (acute) effects. The

acute LC;o (oral) and LDo (inhalation)

studies with DCBTF in the rat resulted

in values of 1.15 g/kg and >2,000 pm (1-

hour exposure),.respectively (Ref. 8, Rohm and Hass, 1982); a 24-hour skin

painting study in the rabbit indicated an

LDzo value of > 5.0 g/kg.

E. Long-term (subchronic/chronic)

effects. No information was found on

neurotoxicity, behavioral toxicity, oncogencity, or other chronic effects.

However, 90-day subchronic study of

the analog p-CBTF demonstrated "renal

tubular degeneration" m all male rats at

doses of 40, 150, and 500 mg/kg-and "centrilobular hypertrophy" in the liters

of male and female rats (Ref. 3, EPA

1984).

F Reproduction. No information was

found.

G. Teratogencity. No information was found.

H. Rationale for health effects

recommendations.'There is concern for

the cumulative toxicological effects of

long-term worker exposure to the

compound. This concern is enhanced by

the observed chronic ecological effects

at low doses (see section IV). Also,

bioaccumulation potential of the

compound is cause for concern for

human exposure through food-chain

transport. Based on these concerns and

the absence of health-effects data, it is

recommended that toxicokinetic,

genotoxic, subchronic, and chronic

studies, including oncogenicity studies,

be conducted to evaluate the hazards of

the compound.

IV Ecological effects of concern-A.

Short-term (acute) effects. No studies

have been found on the acute toxicity of

DCBTF. however, studies are available on p-CBTF In static, acute toxicity tests

with the bluegill, rainbow trout, and

Daphnia magna the LCQ,o values rahged

from 12 to 13.5 mg/L forp-CBTF (Refs. 9.

10, and 11, UCES, 1979a, 1979b, 1979c).

B. Longterm (subchronic/chronic)

effects. No data were found on DCBTF

In a daphnid life-cycle test with p-CBTF

effects were observed at concentrations

much lower than those that caused

acute effects. The maximum acceptable

toxicant concentration (MATC), based on measured concentrations, ranged

between 0.030 and 0.050 mg/L while the

21-day LC3

-

0 was 0.071 mg/L (Ref. 12,

UCES, 1979d). The MATC from a 30-day

early life-stage test with the fathead

minnow was >0.54 and <1.40 mg/L

(Ref. 1, EG&G, Bionomics, 1981).

C. Bioconcentration and food-chain

transport. No test data on DCBTF were found. Based upon an estimated log P of

4.7 the expected bioconcentration factor

(BCF) using the equation of Veith et al.

(Ref. 15, 1979) would be 2000. The BCF

for p-CBTF in bluegills was determined

to be in the range of 122 to 202 (Ref. 3,

EPA, 194). These values are in fairly

good agreement with a BCF of 279,

estimated using the Veith et al. equation

and a log P of 3.7.

Based upon the expected persistence

and bioconcentration potential of

DCBTF food chain transport may occur. D. Rationale for ecological effects

recommendations. No data have been

found on the aquatic toxicity of DCBTF

However, because of its higher-level of

chlorination and higher estimated log P

the compound is expected to be more toxic than p-CBTF DCBTF has an estimated log P of 4.7 as compared with an estimated log P of 3.7 for p-CBTF

Based upon the model developed by

Konneman (Ref. 5, 191), the estimated

LCo in fish for DCBTF and P-CBTF

would be 1.3 and 8.0 mg/L, respectively,

Since p-CBTF has been found to cause

chronic effects on daphnids at 0.050 ing[

L, a concentration 240 times lower than

the concentration that caused acute

toxic effects, the major concern for

DCBTF is its potential for chronic effects

on invertebrates at very low

concentrations.

References

(1) EG&G, Bionomics. 1981. The toxicity of

parachlorobenzotrifluonde (p-CBTF) to

fathead minnow. (Pimephales promelas) embryos and larvae. Report BW-81-3-838 to

Hooker Specialty Chemical Division, Niagara

Falls, NY.

(2) Elder V. A, Proctor B. L.. Hies R. A.

1981. Organic chemicals found near dump

sites in Niagara Falls, NY. Environ. Scl.

Technol. 15(10):1234-1242.

(3) EPA. 1984. OPTS document, control no,

42026.

(4) Hooker Chemicals and Plastics Corp.

1981. Letter to Enviro Control, Inc. April 14.

1981.

(5) Konemann H. 1981. Quantitative

structure-activity relationships in fish toxicity

studies. Toxicology 19:209-221.

(6) Lyman W. J., Reehl W. F., Rosenblatt . H. 1982. Handbook of Chemical Property

Estimation Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill

Book Co.

(7) Occidental. 1983. Personal

communication, J. Colson, Occidental

Chemical Corp., with M. Greif, ITC,

November 1, 1983.

(8) Rohm and Haas. 1982. Information

package on 3,4-dichlorobenzotrifluorlde

(DCBTF) submitted to ITC. July 29,1992.

(9) UCES. 1979a. Union Carbide

Environmental Services. The acute toxicity of

parachlorobenzotrifluoride to the bluegills sunfish Lepomis macrochnrus Rafinesque,

UCES Project 1150-81-07.'Hooker Chemicals

and Plastics Corp., Niagara Fails, NY,

(10) UCES. 1979b. Union Carbide

Environmental Services. The acute toxicity of

parachlorobenzotrifluoride to the rainbow

trout Salmo gairdnenri Richardson. UCES

Project 11508-81-08. Hooker Chemicals and

Plastic Corp., Niagara Falls, NY,

(11) UCES. 1979c. Union Carbide

Environmental Services. The acute toxicity of

parachlorobenzotrifluoride to the water flea

Daphnia magna Status. UCES Project 11500--

81-0. Hooker Chemicals and Plastics Corp., Niagara Falls, NY.

(12) UCES. 1979d. Union Carbide

Environmental Services. Daphnia inoiia

chronic study testing

parachlorobenzotrifluonde (97% active

ingredient). UCES Project 11500-18. Hooker

Chemicals and Plastics Corp., Niagara Falls,

NY.

(13) USITC. 1982. U.S. International Trade

Commission. Imports of Benzenold Chemicalb

and Products, 1981. Publ. No. 1272, U.S. Govt.

Printing Office, Washington, DC, p. 10.

(14) USITC. 1983. U.S. International Trade

Commission. Imports of Benzenoid Chemicals

Feea Reise / Vol 49 104 / Tuesda ..... May 29 1984 / ........

22406
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 104 / Tuesday, May 29, 1984 / Notices

and Products, 1982. Fabl. No. 1401. U.S. GovL

PrntlngOfflce,Washington, DC. p. 15.

(15) Veith G. D., DeFoe D. L.-Bergstedt B.

V. 1979. Measunng and estimating the

bioconcentration factor of chemicals in fish. J.

Fish.Res. Board Can. 36:1040-1048.

(16] Yurawecz . P. 1979. Gas-liquid

chromatographic and mass spectrometer identification of chlorinated trifluorotoluene

residues in Niagara River fish. J. Assoc. Off.

Anal. Chem. 62(1):36-40.

IFR Doc &1-14050 Filed 5-25-K4 SAS am)

BILUNG CODE 6560-50-1

[OPPE-FRL 2594-2]

Agency Information Collection

Activities Under OFAB Review

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

AcTor: Notice.

surar ARY: Section 3507(a)(2)(B) of the

Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44

U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) requires the Agency

to publish in the Federal Register a

notice of proposed information

collection requests (ICRs) that have

been forwarded to the Office of

Management and Budget for review. The

ICR describes the nature of the

solicitation and the expected inpact,

and, where appropriate, includes the

actual data collection instrument The

following ICRs are available to the

public for review and comment.

FOR FURTHER INFORM.'ATION CONTACT.

David Bowers; Office of Standards and

Regulations; Regulation and Information

Management Division (PM-223); U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency; 401 M

Street, SW., Washington, D.C. 20460;

telephone (202) 382-27.42 or FTS 382-

2742.

SUPPLEMENTARY iIJFORMATION:

Hazardous Waste Programs

o Title: Information Requirements for

Hazardous Waste Storage and

Treatment Facilities (EPA #0814).

Abstract: Tank and container

facilities must obtain an operating

permit from EPA under the Resource

Conservation and Recovery Act

(RCRA). Respondents submit the - required information voluntarily or

when EPA requests Part B of the RCRA

permit. The Agency will use the

information to determine eligibility for a

RCRA permit

Respondents: Owners/operators of

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Comments on all parts of this notice

should be sent to:

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Environmental Protection Agency,

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Mranagement Division.

WFR Dec. U4-1~0'7 Filed O5-r 4 5 ro3

BILULG CODEr cMr3- s.-

[OPTS-2110123; TSH-FRL 2535-31

Response to Citizen's Petition on

Asbestos; Regional Public rcetings

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

ACTIO: Response to Citizen's Petition;

Notice of Regional Public Meetings.

sur.r,,AnY: EPA will hold three regional

public meetings as part of its effort to

gather data and hear arguments on

current options for asbestos abatement

in schools and public buildings,

pursuant to the EPA response to a

citizen's petition. Those wishing to

request time for statements at the

meeting should contact the TSCA

Assistance Office as indicated in "FOR

FURTHER inFORriATION corrrcr"' below.

DATES: Places and dates: The meetings

will take place at the following locations

and dates:.

June 14,1984-Holiday Inn Civic Center,

The Gold Room, 50 8th Street, San

Francisco, California

June 20,1984-Dirlksen Building, 219

South Dearborn Street, Court Room

2525, Chicago, Illinois

June 28,198'-Gardiner Auditorium,

State House, State Capitol Building,

Beacon Street, Boston,

Massachusetts2

All meetings will begin at 9 a.m. and

adjourn by 4:30 p.m.

FOR FURTHER INFORM'ATION CoNTrACr

Edward A. Klein, Director, TSCA

Assistance Office (TS-799). Office of

To.c Substances, Environmental

Protection Agency, Rm. E-543, 401 M St.,

SW., Washington, D.C. 20460. Toll Free:

(800-424-9065), In Washington, D.C..

(554--1404), Outside the USA: (Operator202-554-1404).

SUPPLEMEN1ARV INFORr.IATIOI: On

November 16,1933, the Service

Employees International Unlon (SEIU

petitioned EPA, under section 21 of

TSCA, to initiate rulemaling to require

the abatement of friable asbestoscontaining mate.r-,s in public and

private ci atary and secznAdary

schezls. In aiddtian, the pat:tlon

requezted r"kmaing concc=n the

inspection and abatement of friable

asbestos-containing materials in public

and commercial buildings.

The specific points of the petition

submitted by the SEIU are enumerated

below:

1. Establish standards for determining

when friable asbestos-containing

materials in schools are hazardous.

2. Establish requirements for

corrective action when friable asbestoscontamm materials are determined to

be hazardous.

3. Establish requirements for

inspection and abatement of friable

asbestos-containing materials in public

and commercial buildings.

4. Establish standards for the

performance of abatement activities,

mcluding standards for the protection of

persons performin such activities.

The Agency granted the petitioners

requests as published in the Federal

Register of April17,1934 (49 FR 15094).

In granting the petition, the Agency

agreed to hold a public meeting on May

7,1934 to hear testinony from experts

on how EPA should modify the

Asbestos-m-Schools program. This

meeting provided an opportunity for

industry unions, trade associations,

public interest groups and other

interested parties to furnish information

and express ther views orally on the

details of what the Agency should

include in its rulemaling proposals. In

response to a subsequent petition, the

Agency is conducting three regional

meetings on this topic to he held in San

Francisco, California, Chicago, Illinois

and Boston, Massachusetts.

A copy of the petition and all related

information and the administrative

record in this proceeding are in Rm. E107 Environmental Protection Agency,

401 M St.. SW., Washington D.C. 2040.

Interested persons may,% vew or copy

these materials between 9 a.m. and 4

p.m.. Monday through Friday, excluding

legal holidays.

Dated: Mv 21.1934.

Ed-.in F. Tinsworth,

Acting Director. Office of Toxic Substances.

IaI -i7ec rn-3DZAc

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