# Patent

## Title
Self-contained vacuum saw

## Abstract

A self-contained vacuum circular saw is presented. The vacuum saw has a casing around the saw blade that includes an accordion type lower section attached to the lower platform of the saw. A number of vacuum tubes, preferably four, are attached to the side of the circular saw opposite the blade. The armature of the circular saw that turns the blade also turns the vacuum impeller on the side opposite the blade. An impeller vacuum chamber pulls in the dust and debris created by the saw blade and discharges the dust and debris into a disposable and removable vacuum bag. An important aspect of this device is that the motor that turns the saw blade also turns the impeller, thus making the self-contained vacuum Saw moveable from site to site.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the field of carpentry and sawing. More particularly, a self-contained vacuum saw is presented which picks up dust and debris from a circular saw during the operation of the saw.
In the carpentry field, it has been commonplace to use saws of various types. From the first primitive hand saw, to tree saws, to electrically operated saws such as jigsaws or circular saws, the carpentry and building trades often utilize such mechanical devices. One major drawback of these saws during construction work is that much dust and debris can accumulate as a result of cutting wood, dry wall, or concrete. Particularly for inside work, the dust that can accumulate in a room often would require hours of clean-up after the initial construction phase and the sawing is completed.
During inside work, and particularly in areas where remodeling is being done, the dust problem poses quite a quandary for the workmen. In remodeling, the workmen are often required to remove and replace a door, window, or wall or to install and cut dry wall in a closed room. These rooms often have furniture and electronic appliances sensitive to dust accumulation. Fine dry-wall dust accumulation can cause many problems. One approach to solving this problem would be to remove all of the furniture in the room or to cover the furniture or electronic appliances with tarps or plastic. This, of course, would require many man hours and would be an expensive proposition. It is an object of this invention to provide a self contained vacuum saw that would eliminate approximately ninety percent or more of the dust accumulated as a result of the construction process.
Although certain vacuum devices have been attached to circular saws or concrete saws, these devices are not self contained and do not allow the workman to transport his circular saw to and around the worksite. For example, table saws at hardware stores may be attached to an in-house vacuum system. However, the table saw is stationary and cannot be transported to any other site. In addition, the vacuum system on such saws requires a separate power source to operate the vacuum. It is another object of this invention to provide a self contained circular saw which may be transported to the worksite. Another object of this invention is to provide a self-contained circular vacuum saw which may be transported to a worksite and which is powered from the motor of the circular saw itself.
Often, when a circular saw or other type of electrical saw is used outside, a power source such as an electric cord or gasoline electric generator is required in order to power the saw. It is a still further object of this invention to provide a self-contained vacuum saw that can be used utilizing only one electrical source of power to operate both the saw blade and the attached vacuum unit.
Other objects of this invention will become apparent upon reading the below described specification.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DEVICE
A self-contained vacuum saw has as its primary objective the collection of dust and debris from a cut being made with a power saw. While there are many types of power saws, the below described device is attached to a circular saw as an example. However, this attachment for a circular saw is an illustration only and is not meant to limit the scope of the disclosure. The invention disclosed herein has many applications to power saws.
A circular saw has a body containing a blade and a motor. The saw also has a lower platform for supporting the saw on the wood, wallboard, or other material being cut. In the preferred embodiment of this invention, a saw blade chamber encloses the circular saw cutting blade from the top of the blade to the lower saw platform. Vacuum hoses are attached to the saw blade chamber and are connected to the opposite side of the saw at an impeller vacuum chamber. The impeller of the vacuum chamber is run from the same armature that turns the saw blade. As the saw motor turns the saw blade and armature, the dust and debris created by the saw blade is pulled into the vacuum chamber and ultimately expelled into the vacuum bag. A clear cover over the outside part of the saw blade allows the workman to see the blade. Bellows are attached between the lower portion of the saw blade enclosure and a lower platform. These flexible bellows allow the workman to adjust the saw blade up or down or to pivot the saw blade to cut angles.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of the device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the device showing key elements.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the saw blade chamber, showing the enclosure disassembled from the saw itself.
FIG. 4 is an outside perspective view of the saw blade enclosure and bellows.
FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded view of the vacuum chamber.
FIG. 6 is a side cut-away view of the vacuum chamber shown in FIG. 5, showing the direction of airflow.
FIG. 7 is a partial perspective end view of the saw blade enclosure, showing the placement of the fourth tube at the back edge of the saw blade.
FIG. 8 is a side schematic view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, which details the separate bellows compartments for this embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a front view of the self-contained vacuum saw shown in FIG. 1, particularly illustrating the mechanism used to change the pivot of the lower saw platform.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the lower saw platform shown in FIG. 9 with the pivot being modified to the left side of the platform.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A self-contained vacuum saw, shown in its full embodiment in FIG. 1 is presented. The self-contained vacuum saw is a modification of the standard circular saws currently being used in the building and construction trades. Such a standard circular saw has a body 1 that contains an electric motor 2, a saw handle 3, a circular saw blade 4, and a lower saw platform 5. The lower saw platform 5 is pivotably connected to the saw body and has an inner side near the motor and an outer side outside the saw blade. The circular saw of the preferred embodiment has an electric motor and is powered through the saw cord 6. These well-known elements of the standard circular saw are best shown in FIGS. 1 through 3.
As shown schematically in FIG. 2, the electric motor 2 turns a blade drive shaft or armature 7 that in turn is connected to the saw blade 4. The electric motor in the instant device also turns a drive shaft vacuum extension 7′ (the same armature) which is connected to a vacuum impeller 8. The vacuum impeller 8 is surrounded by a vacuum impeller housing 9. The vacuum impeller and housing is best shown in FIG. 5. The impeller 8 has a vacuum impeller main housing 9 attached to the saw body 1 and a vacuum impeller outer housing 9′. The outer housing 9′ is removably attached to the permanently attached main housing 9.
The vacuum housing (9 and 9′) contains a vacuum housing exhaust port 10. This exhaust port 10 is adapted to receive the dust and debris pulled into the vacuum housing by the impeller. This material is then discharged through the exhaust port 10.
Attached to the outer portion of the exhaust port 10 is a metal exhaust port tube 10′. Attached to the exhaust tube 10′ is a vacuum bag 11. The type of vacuum bag 11 used on this particular device must be tighter than the normal bags on the market. The bags could be disposable for fine dust accumulated such as in drywall cutting or washable for coarser work such as cutting materials like wood. Particular types of bags utilized to catch and collect fine debris such as that produced in drywall cutting are in common use in the industry and are well known in the art.
Turning now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the saw blade chamber is shown. The saw blade chamber creates an essentially sealed chamber around the saw blade. The upper blade housing of the saw blade chamber comprises a semi-circular saw blade outer enclosure plate 12 (FIG. 1). The upper blade chamber includes a semi-circular inner enclosure plate 12′. A saw blade chamber should 13 connects outer 12 and inner 12′ blade plates. The outer plate 12 is clear, as best shown in FIG. 1. This clear outer plate 12 allows the workmen to see the blade and to trace the path of the blade as the cut is being made. The upper blade housing surrounds the upper portion of the blade 4.
Attached to the circular shoulder 13 of the saw blade chamber is a plurality of vacuum tubes 14. These vacuum tubes are connected between the blade chamber and the vacuum housing. The preferred embodiment shown herein has four hoses 14 that must be strategically positioned to allow for the most efficient collection of dust and debris. After much experimentation, it has been found that a single hose simply introduced at one part of the saw blade chamber is inefficient and would not be effective in gathering the amount of dust and debris accumulated during a saw cut.
In one embodiment of this device, the front two hoses 14′ vacuum up most of the dust. However, these front hoses 14′ must be strategically placed. In the preferred embodiment herein, the front two vacuum hoses 14′ are located at approximately two o'clock and three o'clock on a twelve o'clock dial on the circumference of the shoulder 13, with reference being had to FIG. 4. On FIG. 4, if one places the twelve o'clock high position on the saw blade chamber at the apex 27 of the semi-circle, the front two vacuum hoses 14′ would be located at the two o'clock and three o'clock position.
Other hoses should also be attached to the saw blade chamber. In one embodiment, as best shown in FIG. 4, two additional vacuum tubes 14 would be located at the ten o'clock and nine o'clock position.
It has also been found that moving the nine o'clock vacuum hose to an alternate position, as shown in drawing FIGS. 7 and 8 would be a beneficial placement of the vacuum hoses. This alternate placement of the nine o'clock vacuum hose will be described later in this specification.
In order to complete the saw blade chamber, a lower saw blade bellows 15 is attached to the bottom part of the saw blade chamber as best shown in FIG. 4. The upper blade housing and lower bellows create the blade chamber.
The bellows 15 is an accordion-style flexible and bendable bellows as shown in the drawing figures. The bellows 15 needs to be flexible and bendable in order for the adjustable saw blade to be maneuverable within the saw blade chamber to adjust for angles and depths of cut. A lower bellows attaching bracket 16, as shown in FIG. 4, may be attached to the lower part of the bellows in order for the entire bellows unit 15 to be attached to the saw lower platform 5. Suitable screw holes are provided in the lower bellows bracket 16. Corresponding holes are found in the saw lower platform 5.
Another variation of the placement of the vacuum hoses 14 of this device is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In this variation, the lower chamber created by bellows 15 is divided into two chambers 17 and 18. A larger, front chamber 17, as best shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, has three vacuum tubes attached. A second, smaller, rear bellows chamber 18 has one vacuum tube, in this embodiment 19, to collect the dust and debris from the back end of the saw blade. A small, flexible separation wall 20 separates front 17 and rear 18 bellows chambers. This upper part of this separation wall 20 is connected to the saw blade chamber but is not connected to the lower saw platform 5. A small space between the lower part of the separation wall 20 and the lower saw platform 5 allows any remaining debris not already pulled up by the front hoses to be pulled into the rear bellows chambers 18 and discharged by the rear bellows chamber vacuum tube 19.
Once the bellows are attached to the upper part of the saw blade chamber, the saw blade is almost completely enclosed. (Due to the fact that the saw blade must move and may not always be completely flush against the work piece, the chamber is not always one hundred Percent sealed. However, the chamber does provide a virtual seal for the saw blade.) The saw blade chamber is created by the upper semi-circular saw blade shoulder 13, the outer plate 12, the inner plate 12′, the bellows 15 and the lower saw platform 5. In combination, these elements create a saw blade chamber.
When the blade 4 is turned by the electric motor and cuts the work piece, the dust and debris created is pulled up into the vacuum tubes 14 and 14′ by the impeller and is deposited in the vacuum bag 11. This process is best shown in the schematic drawing FIG. 2 and by the diagram shown in FIG. 6. In FIGS. 2 and 6, the arrows show the direction of airflow and the direction of travel of the dust and debris.
As shown in FIG. 6, the dust and debris created by the blade is vacuumed into vacuum housing 9 in the direction of the arrows. Each of the vacuum tubes 14 and 14′ have their outlets at approximately, or as near as possible, to the center of the impeller 8. It has been shown through much experimentation that the introduction of the outlet end of the vacuum tubes near the center of the impeller is preferred. As the dust and debris is vacuumed by the impeller into the vacuum housing 9 the dust and debris is discharged through exhaust port 10 and into the vacuum bag 11. The vacuum bag is detachably attached to the device so that it may be empted as necessary.
Another refinement to this device is illustrated in FIG. 1. Each circular saw blade has a lower blade guard 24. This lower blade guard 24 rotates as the blade moves through the material to be cut and must be pushed out of the way before the blade encages the working piece. Normally, this is done by means of a lever on the side of the lower blade guard. However, since the outer side of the blade 4 is now fully contained within the saw blade chamber, an alternate means of rotating the lower blade guard 24 is required. This is accomplished using a lower blade guard rod 25 that is contained within the blade chamber. The rod has a first end connected to the blade guard 24 as shown in drawing FIG. 1. This lower blade guard rod 25 is also attached at a second end to lower blade guard lever handle 26, which is positioned on the outside of the saw blade chamber. By pulling handle 26, lower blade guard 24 may be rotated so that the saw may be placed on the work piece for cutting.
One important modification of the standard circular saw is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 shows the standard construction of this circular saw, including the vacuum impeller housing 9, the vacuum tubes 14 and 14′, the saw blade chamber and the bellows 15. This modification to the standard circular requires that the lower base 5 pivot point 21 be changed. In normal operation and production, the lower saw platform 5 pivots by manipulating the lower base adjusting handle 22. This base-adjusting handle (or bolt) 22 is loosened to allow the lower base platform 5 to pivot for angle cuts. Normally, the lower saw platform 5 pivots at pivot point 21.
However, as a modification of the standard saw pivot point, a circular saw of this alternate embodiment may pivot at outer pivot point 23 as best shown schematically in FIG. 10. When the saw lower platform 5 pivots at the modified outer pivot point 23, the saw platform pivots from the outer side of the platform. While this modification of the standard circular saw is an alternate preferred embodiment, the device described herein will also perform satisfactorily with standard, off the shelf circular saws that are commonly found and manufactured in the industry.
A key concept of this invention is utilizing the electric motor of a standard circular saw to run both the saw blade and the impeller. This modification of existing circular saws allows the saw to be self contained and moveable from site to site. Modifying the armature to support the impeller, along with the other structure necessary to create the saw blade chamber on the saw side and the vacuum chamber on the impeller side is an important and innovative part of this invention.
The dimensions for the various elements can be varied according to the uses and designs of the power saws. For example, the saw blade chamber may be anywhere from two inches wide, as shown approximately in the drawing figures, to twelve inches wide. While the hoses are made of standard rubber, they can also be plastic fabricated hoses. Alternatively the entire shroud around the blade could be made of one piece, and the saw blade casing, impeller vacuum housing, and blade chamber could be manufactured as a one piece, unitary manufactured unit.
As additional enhancements of this invention, lighting inside the blade chamber could be provided. Further, laser guides could be incorporated in this device while still keeping within the spirit and disclosure of this invention. (Obviously, laser guides would be much more effective with the removal of the dust and debris from the normal work site by the vacuum system.) In addition, a peep site could be built into the clear outer plate on the blade side to allow the workman a better view of the blade and its cutting path. The peep site would allow the workman to see the work closer to the actual blade-cutting surface and work piece.

## Claims

1. A self-contained circular vacuum saw, comprising:
(a) a body containing a motor having a drive shaft, said drive shaft connected to and rotatable for rotatably driving a circular cutting blade, and a lower platform having inner and outer sides pivotably connected to said body;
(b) an upper blade housing surrounding the upper portion of said blade;
(c) a lower bellows connected to and beneath said blade housing wherein said housing and said bellows create a blade chamber;
(d) a vacuum impeller connected to said motor drive shaft so as to be rotatably drivable thereby;
(e) a vacuum housing containing said impeller, said vacuum housing having a central portion disposed around said motor drive shaft and an outer peripheral portion disposed around said central portion;
(f) a plurality of vacuum tubes connected between said blade housing and said central portion of said vacuum housing at spaced locations around the drive shaft;
(g) a bag connected to said outer peripheral portion of said vacuum housing;
wherein said lower bellows is divided into a front section and a rear section by a flexible separation wall, so as to define a front bellows chamber surrounding a lower portion of said blade, and a rear bellows chamber seperated from and rearwardly of said front bellows chamber, and wherein debris and dust produced by rotation of the cutting blade are vacuumed from the blade chamber into the vacuum housing and discharged into the bag by the rotation of the impeller.

2. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 1, wherein said lower bellows is flexible and bendable such that said cutting blade can be adjusted for depth and angles.

3. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 1, wherein said lower platform is pivotably connected to said saw body such that it pivots from the outer side of said platform.

4. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 1, said plurality of vacuum tubes comprising three vacuum tubes connected to the front bellows chamber and one vacuum tube connected to the rear bellows chamber.

5. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 1, further comprising a lower blade guard rod contained within said blade housing, connected at one end to a lower blade guard of the saw and at the other end to a handle outside of said blade housing, wherein said rod can be pulled by said handle to rotate said lower blade guard.

6. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 1, wherein said plurality of vacuum tubs comprise at least three vacuum tubes connected with said central portion of said vacuum housing at spaced locations around the drive shaft, respectively.

7. A self-contained circular vacuum saw, comprising:
(a) a body containing a motor having a drive shaft, said drive shaft connected to and rotatable for rotatably driving a circular cutting blade, and a lower platform pivotably connected to said body;
(b) an upper blade housing surrounding the upper portion of said blade;
(c) a bellows connected to and beneath said blade housing wherein said housing and said bellows create a blade chamber;
(d) a vacuum impeller connected to said drive shaft so as to be rotatably drivable thereby;
(e) a vacuum housing containing said impeller, said vacuum housing having a central portion disposed around said drive shaft, and an outer peripheral portion disposed around said central portion; and
(f) at least three vacuum tubes connected between said blade housing and a central portion of said vacuum housing at spaced locations around said drive shaft;
wherein said bellows includes a flexible separation wall disposed at a rear end of the blade chamber so as to define a rear bellows chamber located rearwardly of the blade chamber, and at least one of said vacuum tubes connected between said rear bellows chamber and said central portion of said vacuum housing, and wherein debris and dust produced by rotation of the cutting blade through an element being cut thereby will be vacuumed from the blade chamber into the vacuum housing and discharged therefrom by the impeller.

8. A self-contained circular vacuum saw, comprising:
(a) a body containing a motor having a drive shaft, said drive shaft connected to and rotatable for rotatably driving a circular cutting blade, and a lower platform having inner and outer sides pivotably connected to said body;
(b) an upper blade housing surrounding the upper portion of said blade;
(c) a lower bellows connected to and beneath said blade housing wherein said housing and said bellows create a blade chamber;
(d) a vacuum impeller connected to said motor drive shaft so as to be rotatably drivable thereby;
(e) a vacuum housing containing said impeller, said vacuum housing having a central portion disposed around said motor drive shaft and an outer peripheral portion disposed around said central portion;
(f) a plurality of vacuum tubes connected between said blade housing and said central portion of said vacuum housing at spaced locations around the drive shaft;
(g) a bag connected to said outer peripheral portion of said vacuum housing;
wherein said lower bellows is divided into a front section and a rear section by a flexible separation wall, so as to define a front bellows chamber surrounding a lower portion of said blade, and a rear bellows chamber separated from and rearwardly of said front bellows chamber, wherein the plurality of vacuum tubes comprise three vacuum tubes connected to the front bellows chamber and one vacuum tube connected to the rear bellows chamber, and wherein debris and dust produced by rotation of the cutting blade are vacuumed from the blade chamber into the vacuum housing and discharged into the bag by the rotation of the impeller.

9. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 8, wherein said lower bellows is flexible and bendable such that said cutting blade can be adjusted for depth and angles.

10. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 8, wherein said lower platform is pivotably connected to said saw body such that it pivots from the outer side of said platform.

11. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 8, further comprising a lower blade guard rod contained within said blade housing, connected at one end to a lower blade guard of the saw and at the other end to a handle outside of said blade housing, wherein said rod can be pulled by said handle to rotate said lower blade guard.

12. A self-contained circular vacuum saw as in claim 8, wherein said plurality of vacuum tubes comprise three vacuum tubes connected with said central portion of said vacuum housing at spaced locations around the drive shaft, respectively.