Annual Report to Congress 

on Federal Government 

Energy Management and

Conservation Programs

Fiscal Year 2003

August 9, 2005

U.S. Department of Energy

Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Federal Energy Management Program

Washington, DC 20585

i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Overview of Federal Energy Consumption and Costs ....................... 1

A. Standard Buildings ............................................... 5

B. Industrial, Laboratory and Other Energy Intensive Facilities .............. 5

C. Exempt Facilities ................................................ 5

D. Vehicles and Equipment .......................................... 6

II. Requirements of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act 

and Energy Policy Act ................................................. 7

A. Agency Progress in Meeting Energy Reduction Goals ................... 8

B. Investments in Energy Efficiency ................................... 9

1. Direct Appropriations ...................................... 9

2. Energy Savings Performance Contracting ....................... 9

3. Utility Energy Service Contracts ............................. 10

4. Life-Cycle Costing (LCC) .................................. 11

III. Interagency Exchange of Information ................................... 12

1. Federal Coordination ...................................... 12

2. Training ................................................ 13

3. Awards and Recognition ................................... 15

4. Public Education Programs ................................. 16

APPENDICES

Appendix A Data Tables .................................................. A-1

Table 1-A Total Primary Energy Consumption by Federal Agencies ............... A-2

Table 1-B Total Site-Delivered Energy Consumption by Federal Agencies ......... A-3

Table 2 Federal Petroleum Usage in FY 2003 .............................. A-4

Table 3-A Agency Direct Appropriations for Energy Conservation Retrofits 

and Capital Equipment, FY 1985 through FY 2003 

(Thousands of Nominal Dollars) .................................. A-5

Table 3-B Agency Direct Appropriations for Energy Conservation Retrofits 

and Capital Equipment, FY 1985 through FY 2003 

(Thousands of Constant 2003 Dollars) ............................. A-6

Table 4-A Primary Energy Consumption in Federal Standard Buildings ............ A-7

Table 4-B Site-Delivered Energy Consumption in Federal Standard Buildings ....... A-8

Table 5 Consumption and Costs of Federal Standard Buildings Energy

 by Fuel Type in FY 2003, FY 2002, and FY 1985 ................... A-9

Table 6-A Federal Standard Buildings Site-Delivered Energy Use

 Per Gross Square Foot, FY 1985 and FY 2003 ..................... A-10

Table 6-B Federal Standard Buildings Primary Energy Use

 Per Gross Square Foot, FY 1985 and FY 2003 ..................... A-11

Table 7 Site-Delivered Energy Consumption in Federal Energy 

Intensive Facilities ............................................ A-12

Table 8 Consumption and Costs of Federal Energy Intensive Facilities Energy 

By Fuel Type in FY 2003 ....................................... A-13
ii

Table 9 Energy Consumption, Costs, and Gross Square Footage of 

Federal Exempt Facilities, FY 2003 .............................. A-14

Table 10 Consumption and Costs of Federal Exempt Facility Energy 

By Fuel Type in FY 2003 ....................................... A-14

Table 11 Federal Energy Consumption in Vehicle and Equipment Operations ..... A-15

Table 12 Consumption and Costs of Vehicle and Equipment Energy 

 by Fuel Type in FY 2003 ...................................... A-16

Table 13 Federal Energy Expenditures, FY 1985 through FY 2003 .............. A-17

Appendix B Data Collection ............................................... B-1

Appendix C Acronyms ................................................... C-1

FIGURES

Figure 1 Federal Energy Consumption, FY 2003 ............................... 3

Figure 2 Federal Energy Costs, FY 2003 ..................................... 4

Figure 3 Decrease in Btu per Gross Square Foot in Federal Standard

 Buildings from FY 1985 ......................................... 8
 

1

Primary energy consumption considers all energy resources used to generate and transport electricity and steam. 

Tables 1-A, 4-A, and 6-B show primary energy consumption for comparison with site-delivered consumption shown

in Tables 1-B, 4-B, and 6-A respectively. Conversion factors of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour for electricity and

1,390 Btu per pound of steam are used to calculate gross energy consumption.

 

2DOE/EIA-0384(2003), Annual Energy Review 2003, September 2004, Table 1.3. Data for calendar year 2003.

 

3

Based on site-delivered energy consumption estimates for 2000 in the residential, commercial, industrial, and

transportation sectors (328.1 trillion Btu). Source: DOE/EIA-0214(00), State Energy Consumption Data, 2000, Table

R1.

 

4Analytical Perspectives, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2003

 

5Unless otherwise noted, all costs cited in this report are in constant 2003 dollars, calculated using Gross

Domestic Product implicit price deflators. See DOE/EIA-0384(2003), Annual Energy Review 2003, Table D1;

September 2004. Costs noted as nominal dollars reflect the price paid at the time of the transaction and have not

been adjusted to remove the effect of changes in the spending power of the dollar.

1

I. OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COSTS

This report on Federal Energy Management for fiscal year (FY) 2003 provides information on

energy consumption in Federal buildings, operations, and vehicles and documents activities

conducted by Federal agencies to meet the statutory requirements of Title V, Part 3, of the

National Energy Conservation Policy Act (NECPA), as amended, 42 U.S.C. §§ 8251-8259,

8262, 8262b-k and Title VIII of NECPA, 42 U.S.C. § 8287-8287c. Activities undertaken during

FY 2003 by the Federal agencies under the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT) are also

discussed in this report. 

Based on reports submitted to the Department of Energy (DOE) by 29 Federal agencies, the total

primary energy consumption of the Government of the United States, including energy

consumed to produce, process, and transport energy, was 1.6 quadrillion British Thermal Units

(quads) during FY 2003. (Table 1-A)

1

 These 1.6 quads consumed by the Government in

buildings and operations to provide essential services to its citizens, including the defense of the

Nation, represent approximately 1.6 percent of the total 98.16 quads2 used in the United States. 

In total, the Federal Government is the single largest energy consumer in the Nation, although its

pattern of consumption is widely dispersed geographically.

The Government consumed 1.1 quadrillion British Thermal Units (quads) during FY 2003 when

measured in terms of energy delivered to the point of use (site-delivered energy consumption)

(Table 1-B). Unless otherwise noted, this report uses the site-measured conversion factors to

convert common units for electricity and steam to British Thermal Units (Btu). The total sitedelivered energy consumption in FY 2003 was 22.7 percent less than the FY 1985 base year. 

This reduction of 328.2 trillion Btu, which reflects both a drop in Government activity and the

success of energy management efforts, could have satisfied the calendar year 2000 energy needs

of the State of New Hampshire for more than one year.3

 

The total cost of the 1.1 quads was $9.6 billion in FY 2003 and represented approximately 0.4

percent of the total Federal expenditures of $2.163 trillion4 for all purposes in FY 2003.5 This is

$861.9 million less than the $10.5 billion reported in FY 1985, an 8.2 percent decrease in
2

nominal costs. In constant 2003 dollars, this equates to a decrease of 46.6 percent from $18.0

billion in FY 1985 to $9.6 billion in FY 2003. (Table 13) The reductions in energy costs from

1985 are attributable primarily to reduced energy prices and reduced Government activity,

although they also reflect the effects of agency energy management efforts. Many other

variables also contribute to fluctuations in annual energy consumption and costs, including

changes in building square footage, building stock, weather, tempo of operations, fuel mix, and

vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet composition. 

The Federal energy bill for FY 2003 decreased 3.8 percent compared to the previous year.

Overall, the unit cost of all fuel types used decreased 10.3 percent, from $9.58 per million Btu to

$8.59 per million Btu. Contributing to the overall decrease in unit costs were decreases in the

prices paid by the Government for:

# Jet Fuel (18.6 percent decrease)

# Fuel Oil (9.3 percent decrease)

# Electricity (3.4 percent decrease)

# Diesel Fuel (15.9 percent decrease)

In addition to prices and Federal energy management activities, many other variables contribute

to changes in annual energy use and costs, including changes in square footage, building stock,

weather, tempo of operations, fuel mix, and vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet composition. 

In FY 2003, the Department of Defense (DOD) spent $6.9 billion for energy out of the total

Federal energy expenditure of $9.6 billion. Overall, DOD used 27.7 percent less site-delivered

energy in FY 2003 than in FY 1985—a reflection of reduced Defense-related activity and

successful energy management efforts. 

FY 2003 was the first year for reporting by the Department of Homeland Security. Significant

declines in energy use were evident across the sectors for agencies such as the Departments of

Transportation and the Treasury which transferred functions to the new Department.

Figures 1 and 2 depict the percentage of total energy used by the Federal Government in FY

2003 and its cost. As illustrated, jet fuel and electricity account for approximately 62.9 percent

of the total energy consumption represented in Figure 1 and approximately 70.5 percent of the

total energy costs in Figure 2.

In FY 2003, petroleum-based fuels accounted for 0.76 quads (758,721.7 billion Btu) of the total

1.1 quads consumed by the Federal Government (Table 2). Of that, approximately 0.70 quads

(696,160.9 billion Btu) were used by DOD primarily for jet fuel and distillate/diesel for vehicles

and equipment energy. Only 0.04 quads (37,712.7 billion Btu) of petroleum-based fuels were

used for Federal standard buildings energy.

Federal agencies report energy consumption under four categories: 1) standard buildings; 

2) industrial, laboratory and other energy intensive facilities; 3) exempt facilities; and 

4) vehicles and equipment.
3

Total by Sector: 1.12 quads

Exempt Facilities: 0.02 quads Vehicles & Equipment: 0.71 quads

Energy Intensive Facilities: 0.06 quads

Total by Energy Type: 1.12 quads

Standard Buildings: 0.32 quads

FIGURE 1

Federal Energy Consumption, FY 2003

Data as of 12/01/04

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports

Note: Sum of components may not equal 100 percent due to independent rounding.
4

Total by Sector: $9.61 Billion

Standard Buildings: $3.71 Billion Energy Intensive Facilities: $0.65 Billion

Exempt Facilities: $0.39 Billion Vehicles & Equipment: $4.86 Billion

Total by Energy Type: $9.61 Billion

FIGURE 2

Federal Energy Costs, FY 2003

Data as of 12/01/04

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports

Note: Sum of components may not equal 100 percent due to independent rounding.
 

6Cost and consumption figures for FY 1985 may be different from those published in last year’s Annual Report

since Federal agencies update their files and provide revisions to their data.

5

A. Standard Buildings

In FY 2003, the Federal Government used 320.2 trillion Btu to provide energy to 3.0 billion

square feet of standard buildings space (Table 4-B). This consumption represents a 22.9 percent

decrease compared to FY 1985 and a 0.9 percent increase relative to FY 2002. The significant

drop from FY 1985 reflects the success of Federal energy management efforts in reducing fossil

fuel use in Federal facilities. The cost of energy for buildings and facilities in FY 2003 was $3.7

billion, a decrease of approximately $79.5 million from FY 2002 expenditures, and a decrease of

38.8 percent from the FY 1985 expenditure of $6.1 billion (Table 5).6 Of the $3.7 billion spent

for energy used in standard buildings, $2,158.8 million was spent by DOD with the remaining

$1,553.1 million spent by the civilian agencies.

B. Industrial, Laboratory and Other Energy Intensive Facilities

In FY 2003, the Federal Government used 62.4 trillion Btu of energy in energy intensive

operations, approximately 5.6 percent of the total 1.1 quads consumed. Total energy

consumption in this category decreased 10.3 percent relative to FY 1990 and increased 2.0

percent relative to FY 2002 (Table 7). These changes resulted from both changes in agency

activity levels and energy management efforts. 

The Federal Government spent $648.4 million on energy intensive operations in FY 2003 (Table

8), $40.1 million less than the FY 2002 expenditure of $608.3 million in constant dollars. Of the

$648.4 million spent for energy used in energy intensive operations, $260.0 million was spent by

the Department of Defense with the remaining $388.4 million spent by the civilian agencies.

The industrial, laboratory, and other energy intensive facilities reported by the agencies under

this category are listed at www.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/eifacilities03.pdf. 

C. Exempt Facilities

Nine agencies, the Departments of Defense, Energy, Health and Human Services, State, and

Transportation, the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), the National

Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the General Services Administration (GSA),

and the Tennessee Valley Authority have chosen to exempt facilities from energy management

requirements. These facilities are listed at www.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/exemptfac03.pdf

and include:

# Structures such as outside parking garages which consume essentially only lighting

energy, yet are classed as buildings. 

# Buildings where energy usage is skewed significantly due to reasons such as: buildings

entering or leaving the inventory during the year, buildings down-scaled operationally to

prepare for decontamination, decommissioning and disposal, and buildings undergoing

major renovation and/or major asbestos removal. 
6

# Federal ships that consume “Cold Iron Energy,” (energy used to supply power and heat

to ships docked in port) and airplanes or other vehicles that are supplied with utilityprovided energy.

# Buildings and facilities in which it is technically infeasible to implement energy

efficiency measures or where conventional performance measures are rendered

meaningless by an overwhelming proportion of process-dedicated energy. 

In addition, the U.S. Postal Service has reported electricity consumption used in mail processing

automation under the exempt category without reporting associated facility square footage. 

Energy used in exempt facilities totaled 23.3 trillion Btu in FY 2003 (Table 9), approximately

2.1 percent of the total 1.1 quads used by the Federal Government. Electricity constitutes 71.4

percent of the energy used in exempt facilities, 10.8 percent is accounted for by natural gas, and

8.5 percent by fuel oil. Small amounts of purchased steam, liquefied petroleum gas

(LPG)/propane, and “other” energy account for the remaining 9.4 percent.

The energy used in exempt facilities in FY 2003 accounted for approximately 4.0 percent of the

total Federal energy bill. The Federal Government spent approximately $386.2 million for this

category’s energy during the fiscal year (Table 10). 

D. Vehicles and Equipment

Vehicles and equipment energy includes aircraft and naval fuels, automotive gasoline, diesel fuel

consumed by Federally-owned and leased vehicles and privately-owned vehicles used for

official business, and the energy used in Federal construction.

In FY 2003, the Federal Government used approximately 714.6 trillion Btu of energy in vehicles

and equipment, 63.8 percent of the total 1.1 quads consumed (Table 11). Total energy

consumption in vehicles and equipment decreased 23.5 percent relative to FY 1985 and was 11.3

percent greater than the FY 2002 consumption of 642.0 trillion Btu. Most of this increase is

attributable to increased use of jet fuel by DOD. DOD consumed 662.1 trillion Btu or 92.7

percent of all vehicles and equipment energy used by the Federal Government.

The Federal Government spent $4.9 billion on vehicles and equipment energy in FY 2003,

$304.0 million less than the FY 2002 expenditure, a 5.9 percent decrease in constant dollars. For

all fuels, the cost per million Btu decreased from $8.07 in FY 2002 to $6.82 in FY 2003. The

unit costs of the two most-used fuels, jet fuel and diesel/distillate fuel oil, decreased 18.6 percent

and 15.9 percent respectively. Gasoline prices paid by the Government increased 13.4 percent

from the previous year. 
7

II. REQUIREMENTS OF THE NATIONAL ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICY ACT 

 (NECPA) AND ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 1992 (EPACT)

KEY REQUIREMENTS OF STATUTORY AUTHORITIES AND FY 2003 FINDINGS

Statute/Directive Requirement FY 2003 Findings

Section 543,

NECPA, 42 U.S.C.,

§ 8253(a)(1)

20 percent reduction (Btu/GSF)

in Federal buildings by 2000

from 1985.

Federal agencies reported a 24.8

percent decrease in energy intensity

of standard buildings in FY 2003,

compared to FY 1985.

Section 544,

NECPA, 42 U.S.C.,

§ 8254

DOE to establish life-cycle cost

methods to determine costeffectiveness of proposed

energy efficiency projects.

The 2003 edition of the energy price

indices and discount factors for lifecycle cost analysis was published and

distributed to Federal energy

managers.

Section 545,

NECPA, 42 U.S.C.,

§ 8255

Transmit to Congress the

amount of appropriations

requested in each agency

budget for electric and energy

costs incurred in operating and

maintaining facilities and for

compliance with applicable

statutes and directives.

Approximately $168.9 million was

appropriated and spent on energy

efficiency projects in Federal

facilities.

Section 546,

NECPA, 42 U.S.C.,

§ 8256(a)

Establishment of a program of

incentives within Federal

agencies to expedite ESPCs.

In FY 2003, 62 ESPC contracts and

delivery orders were awarded under

DOE Super ESPCs and other agency

contracts.

Section 546,

NECPA, 42 U.S.C.,

§ 8256(b)

DOE to establish a Federal

Energy Efficiency Fund to

provide grants to agencies.

There have been no appropriations

for the Fund since FY 1995.

Section 157,

EPACT, 42 U.S.C.,

§ 8262(c)

Federal agencies to establish

and maintain programs to train

energy managers and to

increase the number of trained

energy managers within each

agency.

Federal agencies reported spending

$2.3 million to train 6,391 Federal

personnel in energy efficiency,

renewable energy, and water

conservation subjects.
8

Figure 3

Decrease in Btu per Gross Square Foot

in Federal Standard Buildings from FY 1985

A. Agency Progress in Meeting Energy Reduction Goals

During FY 2003 agencies provided data to DOE that indicated a decrease in energy consumption

per gross square foot of 24.8 percent relative to FY 1985 (Table 6-A). The Government’s

performance for each year since FY 1985 is illustrated in Figure 3. This reduction was the result

of significant decreases in the consumption of fuel oil, natural gas, and coal. The use of nonelectric fuels in Federal

buildings has declined 37.8

percent since 1985, while the

consumption of electricity has

increased by 10.8 percent. 

The installation and increased

use of electricity-driven

electronic equipment

contributed to increases in

electricity through the years. 

Electricity now represents

about 70.4 percent of the total

energy costs of Federal

buildings and accounts for

44.2 percent of total sitedelivered energy consumption

in buildings. This is

compared to 30.7 percent of

the total site-delivered energy

consumption in buildings in

FY 1985. 

Seven agencies, the Departments of Commerce, Defense, Energy, Justice, Transportation,

NASA, and the Tennessee Valley Authority have reduced energy use per gross square foot in

standard buildings by more than 25 percent from 1985.

Measured in terms of primary energy, the Federal Government shows a reduction of 10.1 percent

in FY 2003 compared to FY 1985 (Table 6-B). Primary energy represents the average amount of

energy required at the source of generation and includes energy resources used to generate,

process, and transport electricity and steam. The large difference from the site-delivered

Btu/GSF reduction of 24.8 percent reflects the significant declines in direct use of fossil fuels

and the offsetting increases in the share of the fuel mix contributed by electricity.

Agency efforts undertaken in FY 2003 to improve energy efficiency in buildings included:

# improvement of operations and maintenance procedures;

# implementation of no-cost, low-cost efficiency measures;

# energy-efficient building retrofits and capital improvements;

# energy awareness activities and employee training programs; and

# procurement of energy-efficient goods and products.
9

B. Investments in Energy Efficiency

During FY 2003, Federal agencies had three primary options for financing energy efficiency,

water conservation, and renewable energy projects in buildings and facilities: direct

appropriated funding, energy savings performance contracts (ESPCs), and utility energy service

contracts (UESCs). Known funding from the three sources totaled approximately $737 million

in FY 2003. Direct appropriations accounted for approximately $168.9 million. ESPC contracts

awarded in FY 2003 resulted in approximately $446.1 million in estimated contractor investment

($251.8 million from DOE Super ESPC delivery orders and $194.3 million from other agency

ESPCs), and approximately $121.9 million in private sector investment came from utility energy

service contracts. While these three categories of funding are not entirely comparable, they do

indicate that ESPCs and UESCs have become the dominant source of support for efficiency

investments throughout the Federal Government. In FY 2003, direct funding identified by

agencies for energy conservation retrofits and capital equipment increased 35.3 percent to

$168.9 million from $124.8 million dollars in FY 2002. 

Since 1985, The Government has invested approximately $6.2 billion in energy efficiency,

almost $3.3 billion of which was direct appropriations and $2.8 billion from alternative financing

mechanisms ($1.8 billion from ESPCs and $1.0 billion from UESCs).

1. Direct Appropriations

NECPA requires each agency, in support of the President’s annual budget request to Congress,

to specifically set forth and identify funds requested for energy conservation measures. 

Table 3-A presents agency funding (in nominal dollars) reported from FY 1985 through FY 2003

for energy conservation retrofits and capital equipment. Table 3-B presents the same

information in constant 2003 dollars. Reports from Federal agencies indicated that $168.9

million was spent on retrofit expenditures in FY 2003, compared with $124.8 million in FY

2002. In some cases, the data provided by the agencies include funding from operation and

maintenance accounts that was specifically identified as contributing to energy efficiency. 

DOD funded $103.5 million for energy efficiency projects in FY 2003, an increase of 65.7

percent from the previous year (Table 3-B).

2. Energy Savings Performance Contracting

During FY 2003, 62 ESPC contracts or delivery orders were awarded at 11 agencies. These

include delivery orders awarded through the DOE/FEMP Super ESPC programs as well as

projects awarded by the DOD and other agencies. Contractor investment from these projects

totaled approximately $446.1 million, providing the Government with an opportunity to save

more than 4.8 trillion Btu each year. These ESPCs include 34 by DOD; nine by GSA; seven by

the Department of Veterans Affairs; three by the Department of Transportation (DOT); two each

by the Department of Labor and NASA; and one each by the Departments of Agriculture,

Commerce, Health and Human Services, Justice, and NARA. 
10

Energy Savings Performance Contracts and Delivery Orders Awarded 

by Federal Agencies in FY 2003

Allocation of Project Cost Savings (Thousand $)

Agency Number of

Delivery Orders/

Contracts

Project

Investment

(Thou. $)

Total

Guaranteed

Cost Savings

Payment to

Contractor

 Government

Share of

Guaranteed

Cost Savings

Annual Energy

Savings

(MMBtu)

Defense 34 $309,500 $604,200 $549,900 $54,300 3,422,658

GSA 9 $38,547 $76,311 $76,280 $31 569,724

HHS 1 $7,970 $12,712 $12,610 $102 71,728

Labor 2 $4,126 $8,150 $8,117 $33 29,026

Commerce 1 $5,085 $8,690 $8,690 $0 45,767

Archives 1 $6,082 $11,735 $11,664 $71 18,769

NASA 2 $1,895 $4,362 $4,362 $0 20,189

DOT 3 $6,879 $28,018 $27,492 $527 61,912

VA 7 $51,764 $87,000 $82,567 $4,432 438,586

Justice 1 $5,460 $10,696 $10,683 $13 21,967

Agriculture 1 $8,805 $25,133 $23,001 $2,132 138,452

Total 62 $446,113 $877,007 $815,537 $61,640 4,838,778

Through a decentralized approach, DOD awarded the largest number of contracts/delivery orders

with 34 ESPC projects in FY 2003. These contracts include many infrastructure upgrades and

new equipment to help DOD installations reduce energy and water consumption. Examples

include new thermal storage systems, chillers, boilers, lights, motors, energy management

control systems (EMCS), and water reducing devices. Normally, cost savings are used to first

pay the contractor, and then are used to offset other base operating support expenses. In some

cases, however, installations decided to seek a shorter contract term and defer all Government

cost savings until contract completion. In these cases, the savings generated by ESPCs help to

reduce the energy consumption, but do not reduce the total cost of operation until the contracts

expire. After contract expiration and the retrofits are paid for, DOD will be able to obtain full

cost savings. 

Thirty-nine DOE/FEMP Super ESPC delivery orders were awarded during FY 2003. Super

ESPCs are broad area indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity (IDIQ) contracts that allow

agencies to negotiate site-specific delivery orders with an energy service company (ESCO)

under the umbrella contracts. Contractor investment totaled $251.8 million, providing annual

savings of more than 2.6 trillion Btu to the Government. These delivery orders include 13 by

DOD, nine by the GSA, seven by the Department of Veterans Affairs, three by DOT, two by the

Department of Labor, and one each by the Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Health and

Human Services, Justice, and NARA.

3. Utility Energy Service Contracts

In FY 2003, a total of 40 UESCs were implemented by Federal agencies. Private sector

investment in the projects totaled approximately $121.9 million. The estimated annual energy

savings from the 40 projects is 763.4 billion Btu.
11

Projects were undertaken by agencies to accomplish a wide variety of energy efficiency

improvements. Of the 40 UESCs awarded in FY 2003, 30 were implemented by the DOD.

Contracts were put in place to perform infrastructure upgrades and purchase new equipment to

help installations reduce energy and water consumption. Examples of equipment purchased with

the UESC financing tool include: new thermal storage systems, chillers, boilers, lights, motors,

EMCS systems and water reducing devices. 

4. Life-Cycle Costing (LCC)

FEMP publishes updated fuel energy price indices and discount factors for life-cycle cost

analyses on April 1 of each year. The most recent Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis, Annual Supplement to Handbook 135 was published and distributed to

Federal energy managers in April 2003.

A set of Building Life-Cycle Cost (BLCC) computer programs have been developed and

supported by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under FEMP

sponsorship. The latest update of the BLCC5 version of the software, which incorporates the

2003 DOE/FEMP discount rate and the latest energy price projections from the Energy

Information Administration, was released April 1, 2003. Version BLCC 5.1-02 includes two new

modules for evaluating Military Construction (MILCON) projects. BLCC 5.1-02 now contains

the following four modules for analyzing energy and water conservation and renewable energy

projects: 

# Analyses for Federal agency-funded projects;

# Analyses for Federal agency projects financed through energy savings performance

contracts or utility energy savings contracts;

# MILCON analyses for DOD-funded projects; and 

# MILCON analyses for projects under DOD’s Energy Conservation Investment Program. 
12

III. INTERAGENCY EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION

A. Federal Coordination

Federal Interagency Energy Policy Committee

The Federal Interagency Energy Policy Committee (656 Committee) did not meet in 2003. 

However, a meeting hosted by the Office of the Federal Environmental Executive brought

together the Executive Order 13123 Senior Energy Officials in June 2003. For most agencies,

the Senior Energy Official is also their 656 Committee member. 

Federal Interagency Energy Management Task Force

In FY 2003, meetings of the Federal Interagency Energy Management Task Force were held on

January 15, 2003; March 19, 2003; and July 30, 2003. The memoranda of record from these

meetings are posted at www.eere.energy.gov/femp/about/fiemtf.cfm. Issues highlighted in the

these meetings included the following:

# The importance and ranking of FEMP’s various programs by constituent agencies,

conducted as a multi-year planning exercise during a Task Force meeting. 

# The status of proposed comprehensive energy legislation, including the reauthorization of

ESPC authority.

# Agency energy management programs, opportunities, and needs.

# Assessment of Energy and Load Reduction Techniques (ALERT) assessments for

managing natural gas resources.

# The Federal Energy and Water Management Awards and the Presidential Awards for

Federal Energy Management Success.

# Guidance for completing annual reports and scorecards and goal crediting for

source-measured energy savings (particularly in cases where site-measured energy

increases).

# FEMP’s technical assistance programs, workshops, and conferences related to Federal

energy management.
13

2. Training 

Many agencies have their own internal training and recognition programs. Overall, Federal

agencies reported spending $2.3 million to train 6,391 Federal personnel in energy efficiency,

renewable energy, and water conservation subjects, including energy efficient product

procurement and alterative financing techniques for energy and water projects.

During FY 2003, FEMP conducted 58 training workshops and symposia for more than 3,600

attendees in the efficient use and conservation of energy, water, and renewable energy in Federal

facilities. FEMP workshop participation is documented in the table below.

COURSE, DATE, AND LOCATION (IF APPLICABLE) PARTICIPANTS

Advanced Facility Energy Decision System (FEDS)

 May 22-23, 2003 (Anchorage, AK) 7

Advanced Metering for the Federal Sector

 Sept 25, 2003 (Golden, CO) 61

Building Operator Certification Courses (BOC)

 March 25, 2003; October 21, 2003 (Tacoma, Washington) 33

 May 3, 2003 (Ft. Lewis) 23

 June 25, 2003; December 17, 2003 (Everett, Washington) 25

Design Strategies for Low-Energy, Sustainable, Secure Buildings

 Jan 16 - Jan 17, 2003 (Washington, DC) 141

 Mar 26 - Mar 27, 2003 (San Diego, CA) 29

 Jun 18 - Jun 19, 2003 (Chicago, IL) 31

Distributed Generation and Combined Heat and Power for Federal Facilities

 Oct 23-24, 2002 (Boston MA) 218

 March 3, 2003 (Albuquerque, NM) 13

 May 13 - May 15, 2003 (Newport Beach, CA) 85

 Sept 4, 2003 (Albuquerque, NM) 13

Energy Management Telecourse: Part 1a, Life-Cycle Costing - Basic

 March 4, 2003 (Teleconference) 98

Energy Management Telecourse: Part 1b, Buying Energy Efficient Products

 March 4, 2003 (This is a telecourse) 97

Energy Management Telecourse: Part 2a, Operations and Maintenance Management

 March 11, 2003 (Teleconference) 77

Energy Management Telecourse: Part 2b, Water Resource Management

 March 11, 2003 (Teleconference) 73

Energy Management Telecourse: Part 3a, Utility Energy Services Contracting

 March 18, 2003 (Teleconference) 78

Energy Management Telecourse: Part 3b, Energy Savings Performance Contracting

 March 18, 2003 (Teleconference) 75

FEMP Lights Advanced Workshop

 Oct. 21-23, 2002 (Orlando FL) 7

FEMP Lights Lighting and Health Workshop

 Oct 21-22, 2002 (Orlando, FL) 7

 April 30, 2003 (Washington, DC) 32

FEMP Lights Online Course

 Fall, 2003 (http://www.femplights.com/) 71

 Spring, 2003 (http://www.femplights.com) 85

Implementing Renewable Energy Projects

 Jan 28 - Jan 29, 2003 (Cocoa, FL) 15

 May 20 - May 21, 2003 (Boston, MA) 11

Introduction to Facility Energy Decision System (FEDS)

 May 21, 2003 (Anchorage, AK) 7
COURSE, DATE, AND LOCATION (IF APPLICABLE) PARTICIPANTS

14

Labs21 High Performance, Low Energy Laboratory Design Course

 Oct 10, 2002 (Durham, NC) 46

 Oct 11, 2002 (Atlanta GA) 13

 March 4th, 2003 (Chicago IL) 87

 March 19, 2003 (Princeton, NJ) 34

 April 2, 2003 (Pittsburgh, PA) 50

 Apr 22, 2003 (San Antonio, TX) 43

 May 6, 2003 (St Louis MO) 43

 May 13, 2003 (Cambridge, MA) 40

 May 29, 2003 (Seattle, WA) 44

 May 30, 2003 (Seattle, WA) 46

 Sept 26, 2003 (Whitehouse Station, NJ) 65

Life-Cycle Costing (Combined: Basic & Project-Oriented)

 Feb. 4-5, 2003 (Honolulu, HI) 15

 Feb. 6-7, 2003 (Honolulu, HI) 26

 Jun 18-19, 2003 (Philadelphia, PA) 21

Measurement & Verification for Super ESPC Projects

 Feb 26, 2003 (San Francisco, CA) 13

 May 21, 2003 (Indianapolis, IN) 6

 Jul 23, 2003 (Washington, DC) 13

Operations and Maintenance Management

 May 19-20, 2003 (Anchorage, AK) 30

 Jun 10-11, 2003 (San Diego, CA) 49

Resource Efficiency Manager (REM)

 October, 2002 (San Diego, California) 51

Super ESPC

 Nov 15-16, 2002 (New Orleans, LA) 14

 Feb 25 - Feb 26, 2003 (San Francisco, CA) 16

 May 20 - May 21, 2003 (Indianapolis, IN) 27

 Jul 22 - Jul 23, 2003 (Washington, DC) 32

Utility Energy Service Contracting

 Oct 22-23, 2002 (San Diego, CA) 17

 May 28 - May 29, 2003 (Philadelphia, PA) 28

 Sep 16 - Sep 17, 2003 (Chicago, IL) 15

Water Conservation Strategies for Facility Managers

 May 1, 2003 (Boise, Idaho) 22

Water Resource Management

 Apr 15-16, 2003 (Denver, CO) 25

“Energy 2003,” the energy efficiency workshop and exposition sponsored by FEMP, and cosponsored by DOD and GSA, was held August 17-20, 2003 in Orlando, FL. The conference

provided participants with opportunities to explore such topics as strategies for energy projects,

selling energy projects, and alternative financing. The conference had panel discussions, an

exhibit hall showcasing energy technologies, and opportunities for relationship building. More

than 1,300 were in attendance and more than 182 companies exhibited at the event. 

FEMP continued to offer its Training Course Locator System to assist Federal agencies in

training energy managers and in meeting the requirements of the EPACT and energy-related

Executive Orders. The Locator system connects those seeking particular training courses with

the organizations sponsoring the courses. Locator is a Web-based application which is readily

available through the Internet. During FY 2003, 271 unique visitors to Locator logged on to the

Locator Web site.
15

3. Awards and Recognition

Outstanding accomplishments in energy efficiency and water conservation in the Federal sector

were recognized with the presentation of the 2003 Federal Energy and Water Management

Awards on October 29, 2003, in Washington, DC. The Awards Program is sponsored by the 656

Committee and DOE. Awards were selected from outstanding Federal energy managers and

contributors who:

# Implemented proven energy efficiency, energy, and water conservation techniques;

# Developed and implemented energy-related training programs and employee energy

awareness programs;

# Succeeded in receiving utility incentives, or awarding ESPC and other Federal-approved

performance-based energy and water contracts;

# Made successful efforts to fulfill compliance with energy and water reduction mandates;

# Improved energy efficiency or reduction in energy costs for Federal mobile equipment

including aircrafts, ships, and vehicles;

# Provided leadership in purchasing or supplying energy-efficient, renewable energy, or

water-conserving products to one or more Federal agencies; and

# Demonstrated cost-beneficial landscape practices which utilize techniques that seek to

minimize the adverse effects of landscaping.

Recipients of the 2003 awards were selected from 107 nominees submitted by 13 Federal

agencies. There were 37 awardees representing 11 different Federal agencies. Distribution of

awards among the Federal agencies for accomplishments in the previous fiscal year is indicated

in the following table. 

2003 Federal Energy and Water Management Awards by Group and Type

Agency Individual Sm all

Group

Organization Total Energy

Efficiency

Alternative

Financing

Renewable

Energy

Mobility Water

Mgmt.

Innovative

Tech.

Program

Imp.

Exceptional

Service

Army 2 3 5 3 1 1

DOC 1 1 1

DOE 1 2 3 2 1

DOI 3 1 4 4

DOT 1 1 1

GSA 2 2 1 1

HHS 1 1 1

Navy 2 5 7 1 2 1 3

USAF 3 2 1 6 1 1 1 3

USMC 1 3 4 1 2 1

USPS 3 3 1 1 1

TOTAL 9 12 16 37 9 8 6 4 4 2 2 2
16

4. Public Education Programs

DOE’s Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse (EREC) provides basic,

technical, and financial information on various energy efficiency and renewable energy

technologies and programs. EREC’s telephone number is 800-DOE-EREC (800-363-3732) and

its Web site is at www.eree.energy.gov/consumerinfo. During FY 2003, the EREC staff

responded to 30,372 inquiries and disseminated 311,147 publications.

DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) hosts a Web site at

www.eere.energy.gov and offers free subscriptions to the EERE Network News e-mail

newsletter.

FEMP provides a Help Desk to Federal energy managers. The telephone number is 800-DOE3732. FEMP’s Web site is www.eere.energy.gov/femp.

The Energy Information Administration’s National Energy Information Center (NEIC) responds

to public and private sector questions on energy production, consumption, prices, resource

availability, and projections of supply and demand. NEIC provides information to Federal

employees and the public at www.eia.doe.gov. Electronic inquiries may be sent to

infoctr@eia.doe.gov. During FY 2003, NEIC staff responded to 32,700 inquiries. The EIA web

site recorded 12.2 million user sessions during FY 2003.

The Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), as part of the Office of Science,

provides leadership and coordination for the DOE-wide Scientific and Technical Information

Program (STIP). In this capacity, OSTI assures access by DOE, the scientific research

community, academia, U.S. industry, and the public to DOE research results in support of the

DOE mission. Key collections developed and maintained by OSTI on behalf of DOE include

Energy Citations Database (ECD), the DOE Information Bridge, the E-print Network, Research

and Development (R&D) Project Summaries, and EnergyFiles. In FY 2003, approximately 11.4

million user transactions were accommodated via systems residing on OSTI servers.

The DOE public information mechanisms include several direct service programs designed to

provide technical assistance to specific target groups. Two of these programs are the State

Energy Program (SEP) and the Industrial Assessment Center. 

SEP provides funding to States to design and implement their own energy efficiency and

renewable energy programs. Formula grants are given to states using Congressionallyappropriated funds and are distributed according to a formula that depends on criteria such as the

state’s size and population. Special Projects grants are the second type of SEP grant. Unlike

formula grants, Special Projects are funded entirely by EERE technology programs and are

awarded on a competitive basis. Additional information is provided on the program Web site at

www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/state_energy. In FY 2003, FEMP awarded $485,000 in Special

Project grants to six States:

# North Carolina—Renewable energy implementation and training at Federal and State

park facilities.
17

# New York—Establish a composite value for distributed generation which would help

State and Federal policy makers establish appropriate standby rates.

# Hawaii—Provide technical assistance to the Navy to conduct a combined heat and power

assessment for the Pacific Missile Range Facilities, Barking Sands, Kauai, Hawaii.

# Colorado—Conduct a retro-commissioning project in three facilities of the Colorado

Department of Military and Veterans Affairs.

# Virginia—Determine the technical and economic feasibility and environmental impact of

a large wind turbine or turbine array at NASA’s Wallops Island facility.

# Minnesota—Continuous indoor air quality monitoring in Federal buildings for energy

efficiency and homeland security.

The Office of Industrial Technology’s Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) Program provides nocost energy, waste, and productivity assessments to help small and mid-sized manufacturers

identify measures to maximize energy-efficiency, reduce waste, and improve productivity. The

assessments are conducted by local teams of engineering faculty and students from 26

participating universities across the country. Additional information is provided on the program

Web site at www.eere.energy.gov/industry.
A-1

APPENDIX A

DATA TABLES
A-2

TABLE 1-A

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FEDERAL AGENCIES

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY %Change %Change

AGENCY 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 85-03 02-03

USPS 51,668.1 59,961.0 72,178.0 74,083.1 78,333.1 78,883.0 80,083.3 89,381.4 86,142.5 85,320.9 83,069.4 60.8 -2.6

DOE 99,122.1 91,037.3 88,949.0 89,098.0 87,044.7 71,610.4 58,006.8 72,063.0 72,277.6 72,749.9 73,761.8 -25.6 1.4

VA 43,456.9 44,918.6 47,827.9 49,377.1 50,286.4 50,957.9 51,217.7 50,557.0 52,945.1 53,074.2 55,014.6 26.6 3.7

GSA 47,962.7 38,789.3 36,830.7 37,643.8 37,873.6 37,646.5 38,637.6 42,548.1 43,216.3 42,692.2 43,628.4 -9.0 2.2

DOJ 11,112.5 11,610.3 17,366.9 21,075.6 20,527.4 25,167.3 25,138.3 30,609.8 30,476.6 28,611.5 29,810.5 168.3 4.2

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24,737.0 NA NA

NASA 23,974.4 28,864.2 29,663.1 27,414.9 29,033.2 28,196.7 27,489.1 26,260.9 25,402.1 24,979.1 24,354.0 1.6 -2.5

HHS 10,501.4 13,337.2 12,189.6 12,825.4 14,965.7 14,954.9 14,470.5 15,980.1 16,651.8 16,499.0 17,345.9 65.2 5.1

DOT 28,959.2 28,666.3 28,971.2 32,612.7 30,842.9 32,001.4 41,881.8 41,018.6 32,503.7 30,707.3 13,522.5 -53.3 -56.0

USDA 12,266.6 14,724.3 14,359.9 14,476.2 12,639.6 13,344.7 13,022.5 12,599.8 12,198.4 11,797.3 13,383.5 9.1 13.4

DOI 11,596.7 10,969.3 10,552.2 7,622.1 10,255.0 10,213.7 11,292.7 12,041.4 14,497.5 12,999.8 12,222.4 5.4 -6.0

TRSY 4,195.5 7,372.5 8,103.5 7,548.1 9,706.7 9,220.4 9,471.3 9,976.9 9,951.4 10,257.2 8,295.7 97.7 -19.1

TVA 8,425.5 7,824.5 7,633.8 7,313.6 7,125.7 6,893.9 7,654.3 8,030.2 8,127.2 7,945.1 7,517.8 -10.8 -5.4

DOL 3,966.3 4,155.2 4,336.2 4,438.2 4,473.4 4,517.7 3,614.8 4,761.1 5,024.8 5,177.0 5,466.3 37.8 5.6

DOC 4,085.5 6,447.6 5,667.2 5,370.1 5,328.8 5,008.6 5,227.3 4,117.5 5,489.0 4,760.0 4,918.2 20.4 3.3

EPA 11,776.4 1,643.0 2,311.1 2,265.3 2,306.9 2,299.6 2,545.9 2,144.7 2,477.1 2,258.1 2,480.6 39.6 9.9

ST 2

717.3 868.5 1,267.4 1,800.6 7,340.3 7,338.3 6,881.3 7,615.3 6,480.8 1,489.7 1,888.2 163.2 26.8

HUD 356.2 435.0 347.7 364.7 355.0 339.9 347.5 362.0 370.1 365.8 356.1 0.0 -2.6

OTHER* 2,250.4 5,545.6 8,574.8 11,195.3 11,978.6 9,849.6 9,611.9 9,379.2 9,278.7 11,334.8 10,762.2 378.2 -5.1

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal 366,393.6 377,169.7 397,130.2 406,524.7 420,416.9 408,444.4 406,594.6 439,446.9 433,510.7 423,019.0 432,535.2 18.1 2.2

DOD 1,504,509.1 1,550,517.8 1,201,122.2 1,169,004.3 1,136,825.3 1,089,320.4 1,061,573.5 1,043,891.3 1,045,080.9 1,098,387.2 1,160,610.4 -22.9 5.7

Total 1,870,902.7 1,927,687.5 1,598,252.4 1,575,529.0 1,557,242.2 1,497,764.8 1,468,168.1 1,483,338.2 1,478,591.7 1,521,406.2 1,593,145.6 -14.8 4.7

MBOE 321.2 330.9 274.4 270.5 267.3 257.1 252.0 254.7 253.8 261.2 273.5

Petajoules 1,973.7 2,033.6 1,686.1 1,662.1 1,642.8 1,580.1 1,548.9 1,564.9 1,559.9 1,605.0 1,680.7

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes, for certain years, CFTC, CIA, EEOC, FEMA, FTC, NARA, NSF, NRC, OPM, RRB, SSA, USIA/IBB, and FERC.

1

EPA’s inventory of reportable facilities has increased from 2.1 million sq. ft. to 3.8 million sq. ft. of laboratory space between FY 1990 and FY 2003, approximately an 80

percent increase over the reporting period. EPA added 600,000 sq. ft. of laboratory space in FY 2003 alone, an 18 percent increase in EPA’s laboratory space in FY 2003.

2

 In 1998, the State Department developed a statistical method for estimating the energy consumption in the large number of foreign buildings it owns and leases. This method

was subsequently applied to estimate FY 1991 energy consumption and is now used annually to assess progress. The FY 1991 foreign building estimates were combined with

domestic building data for the fiscal years 1985 and 1990, since these are base years for performance goals.

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam. Agencies are listed in descending order of

consumption for the current year. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-3

TABLE 1-B

TOTAL SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FEDERAL AGENCIES

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY %Change %Change

AGENCY 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 85-03 02-03

USPS 27,762.5 30,616.2 36,220.9 36,427.1 40,760.0 39,487.3 39,774.0 43,284.2 43,397.4 41,617.4 42,606.2 53.5 2.4

DOE 52,201.6 43,454.6 47,255.4 44,609.3 43,070.4 31,520.2 26,998.3 30,492.9 31,065.5 30,668.3 30,701.1 -41.2 0.1

VA 25,144.7 24,898.4 25,428.9 26,832.9 27,261.1 27,597.2 27,472.4 27,043.9 27,661.9 27,722.6 29,644.5 17.9 6.9

GSA 19,256.1 15,656.6 13,671.8 14,499.2 14,364.3 14,095.0 14,359.9 17,632.3 18,415.8 17,473.9 18,591.3 -3.5 6.4

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18,334.5 NA NA

DOJ 8,176.0 6,961.6 10,193.3 12,127.7 11,999.9 15,805.1 15,366.2 19,693.0 19,681.9 17,692.4 18,028.3 120.5 1.9

NASA 10,855.1 12,399.0 12,394.7 11,459.7 11,996.1 11,731.4 11,433.4 11,120.8 10,934.5 10,677.0 10,075.5 -7.2 -5.6

HHS 5,953.5 7,119.0 6,129.7 6,628.9 7,852.7 7,400.8 7,131.2 7,952.5 8,541.0 7,999.8 8,659.9 45.5 8.3

DOI 7,816.3 7,391.9 6,378.4 4,326.6 6,612.2 6,427.3 7,456.0 7,845.9 9,504.5 8,224.9 7,559.4 -3.3 -8.1

USDA 8,358.7 9,573.4 9,045.8 9,056.9 7,370.7 7,917.0 7,828.6 7,446.7 7,373.6 7,170.5 7,216.9 -13.7 0.6

DOT 19,568.0 18,965.2 18,688.7 19,564.1 19,125.9 18,509.8 22,570.8 21,215.6 17,810.2 18,256.8 5,618.1 -71.3 -69.2

TRSY 2,868.3 3,643.0 4,132.6 3,764.1 4,597.6 4,816.3 4,899.4 5,337.0 5,355.6 5,506.3 4,144.4 44.5 -24.7

DOL 2,385.2 2,376.0 2,385.7 2,491.5 2,490.2 2,540.4 2,048.1 2,480.7 2,671.4 2,775.1 2,964.3 24.3 6.8

TVA 2,851.9 2,605.4 2,607.3 2,547.8 2,396.9 2,295.9 2,510.1 2,921.5 2,929.4 2,824.0 2,838.2 -0.5 0.5

DOC 2,489.1 4,476.3 2,882.8 2,883.1 2,721.4 2,470.3 2,684.3 1,907.1 2,521.9 2,197.3 2,333.9 -6.2 6.2

EPA 1904.5 747.0 1,120.5 1,100.0 1,149.3 1,120.4 1,290.8 1,038.1 1,228.3 1,094.5 1,388.4 53.5 26.9

ST 2

246.9 302.7 437.3 653.3 2,938.8 2,934.2 3,053.1 3,379.1 2,700.7 626.6 1,033.3 318.5 64.9

HUD 116.9 140.3 131.3 140.8 137.6 126.4 129.6 144.1 149.0 148.0 144.3 23.4 -2.5

OTHER* 1,156.1 3,072.0 4,108.4 4,814.5 5,040.5 3,889.4 3,865.9 3,731.3 3,727.1 4,606.6 4,293.7 271.4 -6.8

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal 198,111.6 194,398.5 203,213.5 203,927.7 211,885.5 200,684.4 200,872.3 214,667.0 215,669.7 207,281.9 216,176.3 9.1 4.3

DOD 1,250,613.8 1,241,655.8 926,022.9 904,456.2 880,007.7 837,115.8 810,663.0 779,055.2 787,216.4 837,525.4 904,356.1 -27.7 8.0

Total 1,448,725.4 1,436,054.3 1,129,236.4 1,108,383.9 1,091,893.2 1,037,800.2 1,011,535.3 993,722.1 1,002,886.1 1,044,807.3 1,120,532.3 -22.7 7.2

MBOE 248.7 246.5 193.9 190.3 187.4 178.2 173.7 170.6 172.2 179.4 192.4

Petajoules 1,528.4 1,515.0 1,191.3 1,169.3 1,151.9 1,094.8 1,067.1 1,048.3 1,058.0 1,102.2 1,182.1

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes, for certain years, CFTC, CIA, EEOC, FEMA, FTC, NARA, NSF, NRC, OPM, RRB, SSA, USIA/IBB, and FERC.

1

EPA’s inventory of reportable facilities has increased from 2.1 million sq. ft. to 3.8 million sq. ft. of laboratory space between FY 1990 and FY 2003, approximately an 80

percent increase over the reporting period. EPA added 600,000 sq. ft. of laboratory space in FY 2003 alone, an 18 percent increase in EPA’s laboratory space in FY 2003.

2

 In 1998, the State Department developed a statistical method for estimating the energy consumption in the large number of foreign buildings it owns and leases. This method

was subsequently applied to estimate FY 1991 energy consumption and is now used annually to assess progress. The FY 1991 foreign building estimates were combined with

domestic building data for the fiscal years 1985 and 1990, since these are base years for performance goals.

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,000 Btu per pound of steam. Agencies are listed in descending order of consumption

for the current year. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-4

TABLE 2

FEDERAL PETROLEUM USAGE IN FY 2003

(in Thousands of Gallons, Billions of Btu,

and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

Unit Total BBTU* BBTU* BBTU* Petajoules*

(KGal) DOD Civilian Total Total

Standard Buildings

Fuel Oil 254,602.6 29,184.2 6,129.2 35,313.4 37.3

LPG/Propane 25,123.1 1,312.5 1,086.7 2,399.3 2.5

Energy Intensive Operations

Fuel Oil 29,577.6 1,816.9 2,285.6 4,102.4 4.3

LPG/Propane 2,880.0 96.7 178.3 275.0 0.3

Exempt Buildings

Fuel Oil 14,213.9 1,634.4 337.0 1,971.5 2.1

LPG/Propane 225.5 0.0 21.5 21.5 0.0

Vehicles & Equipment

Motor Gas 366,142.7 16,466.6 29,301.2 45,767.8 48.3

Dist-Diesel & Petrol. 908,920.4 111,778.9 14,288.3 126,067.3 133.0

Aviation Gas 2,063.1 25.5 232.4 257.9 0.3

Jet Fuel 3,983,596.8 509,885.4 7,982.2 517,867.6 546.3

Navy Special 153,727.9 21,321.5 0.5 21,322.1 22.5

LPG/Propane 318.7 7.2 23.3 30.4 0.0

Other 3,325.5 2,631.0 694.5 3,325.5 3.5

Total 696,160.9 62,560.7 758,721.7 800.4

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

 *Uses a conversion factor of:

 95,500 Btu/gallon for LPG/propane

 138,700 Btu/gallon for fuel oil, distillate-diesel & petroleum, and navy special

 125,000 Btu/gallon for motor gasoline and aviation gasoline

 130,000 Btu/gallon for jet fuel

 947.9 Billion Btu/Petajoule

Note: FY 2003 contains estimated data for the following agencies: EEOC and FCC.

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-5

TABLE 3-A

AGENCY DIRECT APPROPRIATIONS FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION RETROFITS AND CAPITAL EQUIPMENT,

FY 1985 THROUGH FY 2003 (THOUSANDS OF NOMINAL DOLLARS)

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

DOD 136,100 120,000 5,550 5,280 1,500 1,020 10,000 49,669 14,444 109,000 189,600 112,487 118,970 191,446 91,243 44,442 57,113 60,600 103,490

DOI 3,198 5,535 0 0 4,338 0 1,272 9,800 4,859 1,662 779 891 0 160 1,730 23,999 3,220 22,800 26,134

NASA 11,800 12,100 1,700 1,400 4,499 2,943 7,556 7,086 25,072 24,658 20,666 30,266 15,919 13,813 18,509 11,731 6,045 9,389 8,501

TRSY 0 0 2,977 2,393 2,823 1,134 836 0 1,344 4,826 2,810 170 2,990 1,400 1,495 2,152 4,670 8,678 7,854

GSA 6,700 6,100 2,900 9,400 4,868 11,125 30,123 37,000 30,000 37,000 7,242 7,400 20,000 0 25,000 17,000 5,000 4,500 4,800

HHS 0 0 0 427 427 427 427 0 1,813 1,915 1,271 2,676 2,879 2,200 4,793 8,440 8,640 1,771 3,700

CIA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18,600 0 2,770

EPA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 1,720 1,600 1,600 0 0 0 1,963 1,684 2,439

USDA 2,500 0 0 500 500 1,547 1,752 7,300 7,045 7,277 2,894 5,983 3,891 1,765 994 1,954 2,100 3,818 2,000

DHS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,700

DOE 14,800 14,500 16,500 18,900 19,400 19,500 20,400 20,650 20,950 24,850 30,200 0 0 0 0 0 2,000 1,400 1,500

DOT 13,650 15,000 12,104 12,700 2,908 0 460 143 593 5,970 3,793 2,585 3,176 3,000 9,005 2,664 4,321 2,085 1,243

STATE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 0 0 1,902 51 1,238 0 260 4 847

VA 13,000 11,500 9,500 9,860 5,500 11,200 9,970 10,000 12,100 9,050 11,960 3,700 7,400 13,000 10,500 0 15,000 898 686

DOC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 872 0 51 0 0 0 330 0 257 257 1,883 621

DOJ 0 0 0 195 484 6,100 26,400 0 0 1,284 994 1,559 2,091 1,500 1,615 1,170 489 968 223

SSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,776 1,000 1,000 1,000 500 175

NARA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 68 140

HUD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 30 43 0 2,418 0 0 0 55 22 68

RRB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 13 33 0 38 23 0 0 35 10 15

TVA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 475 844 4,277 522 1,158 1,466 1,022 284 300 0 0

NRC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 226 0 0

DOL 238 31 106 142 584 17 35 16 0 0 0 366 0 0 40 0 0 0 0

PCC 1,274 73 1,174 600 378 361 807 249 500 608 14 23 3 104 0 0 0 0 0

USPS 55,300 9,300 5,100 3,800 4,000 4,000 4,000 2,293 1,116 1,123 10,050 9,000 16,000 31,000 38,000 6,000 0 0 0

Total 258,560 194,139 57,611 65,597 52,209 59,374 114,038 145,078 120,870 230,228 288,346 179,228 200,435 264,034 206,184 121,093 131,302 121,077 168,906

Notes: Bold indicates top five primary energy users in buildings and facilities (DOD, DOE, VA, USPS, GSA). In past years, DOE also included 

funds for energy surveys. Does not include energy savings performance contracts and utility demand side management incentives.

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-6

TABLE 3-B

AGENCY DIRECT APPROPRIATIONS FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION RETROFITS AND CAPITAL EQUIPMENT,

FY 1985 THROUGH FY 2003 (THOUSANDS OF CONSTANT 2003 DOLLARS)

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

DOD 233,849 199,336 8,909 8,148 2,235 1,491 14,641 70,353 19,950 144,562 245,596 140,433 142,139 219,548 100,157 47,078 60,182 62,474 103,490

DOI 5,495 9,194 0 0 6,465 0 1,862 13,881 6,712 2,204 1,009 1,112 0 183 1,899 25,423 3,393 23,505 26,134

NASA 20,275 20,100 2,729 2,160 6,705 4,303 11,063 10,037 34,630 32,703 26,769 37,785 19,019 15,841 20,317 12,427 6,370 9,679 8,501

TRSY 0 0 4,778 3,693 4,207 1,658 1,224 0 1,856 6,401 3,640 212 3,572 1,606 1,641 2,280 4,921 8,946 7,854

GSA 11,512 10,133 4,655 14,506 7,255 16,265 44,104 52,408 41,436 49,072 9,381 9,238 23,895 0 27,442 18,008 5,269 4,639 4,800

HHS 0 0 0 659 636 624 625 0 2,504 2,540 1,646 3,341 3,440 2,523 5,261 8,941 9,104 1,826 3,700

CIA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,600 0 2,770

EPA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 691 0 2,228 1,998 1,912 0 0 0 2,068 1,736 2,439

USDA 4,296 0 0 772 745 2,262 2,565 10,340 9,731 9,651 3,749 7,469 4,649 2,024 1,091 2,070 2,213 3,936 2,000

DHS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,700

DOE 25,430 24,086 26,485 29,167 28,912 28,509 29,868 29,249 28,936 32,958 39,119 0 0 0 0 0 2,107 1,443 1,500

DOT 23,454 24,917 19,429 19,599 4,334 0 673 203 819 7,918 4,913 3,227 3,795 3,440 9,885 2,822 4,553 2,149 1,243

STATE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 0 0 2,272 58 1,359 0 274 4 847

VA 22,337 19,103 15,249 15,216 8,197 16,374 14,597 14,164 16,713 12,003 15,492 4,619 8,841 14,908 11,526 0 15,806 926 686

DOC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,235 0 68 0 0 0 378 0 272 271 1,941 621

DOJ 0 0 0 301 721 8,918 38,653 0 0 1,703 1,288 1,946 2,498 1,720 1,773 1,239 515 997 223

SSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,183 1,098 1,059 1,054 515 175

NARA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 70 140

HUD 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 59 40 56 0 2,889 0 0 0 58 23 68

RRB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 17 43 0 45 26 0 0 37 10 15

TVA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 656 1,119 5,540 652 1,384 1,681 1,122 301 316 0 0

NRC 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 238 0 0

DOL 409 51 170 219 870 25 51 23 0 0 0 457 0 0 44 0 0 0 0

PCC 2,189 121 1,884 926 563 528 1,182 353 690 806 18 29 4 119 0 0 0 0 0

USPS 95,017 15,449 8,186 5,864 5,961 5,848 5,857 3,248 1,542 1,489 13,018 11,236 19,116 35,550 41,712 6,356 0 0 0

Total 444,261 322,490 92,474 101,230 77,808 86,804 166,966 205,493 166,948 305,342 373,505 223,755 239,468 302,791 226,327 128,277 138,358 124,821 168,906

Notes: Bold indicates top five primary energy users in buildings and facilities (DOD, DOE, VA, USPS, GSA). In past years, DOE also included 

funds for energy surveys. Does not include energy savings performance contracts and utility demand side management incentives.

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-7

TABLE 4-A

PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN FEDERAL STANDARD BUILDINGS

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY %Change %Change

AGENCY 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 85-03 02-03

USPS 40,143.9 47,824.8 57,606.8 59,866.0 54,696.6 57,068.7 58,333.5 66,217.4 62,202.1 62,145.5 60,810.9 51.5 -2.1

VA 42,864.1 44,400.3 47,474.3 48,716.5 49,087.3 49,577.6 49,880.1 49,633.7 52,031.5 52,217.8 53,840.6 25.6 3.1

DOE 48,300.5 47,636.0 44,231.2 44,087.6 41,373.4 40,680.7 39,588.4 37,938.9 39,238.3 36,880.6 37,300.2 -22.8 1.1

GSA 40,198.6 32,099.4 33,523.9 34,903.9 35,121.4 35,106.2 35,413.0 31,717.6 31,683.3 31,076.1 31,500.2 -21.6 1.4

DOJ 9,048.5 9,512.4 12,004.2 14,600.8 14,881.7 15,488.4 16,117.8 18,612.5 18,967.3 18,806.1 20,676.7 128.5 9.9

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10,845.1 NA NA

NASA 8,899.9 10,764.0 11,435.9 11,671.5 11,524.9 11,532.2 11,174.5 10,970.3 11,259.8 10,838.8 10,650.5 19.7 -1.7

DOI 8,542.8 7,616.8 7,770.1 6,274.6 7,311.3 7,533.8 7,631.3 8,202.1 9,685.2 9,690.9 9,071.2 6.2 -6.4

USDA 4,156.4 5,203.3 5,210.4 5,369.7 4,782.6 5,054.8 4,501.0 4,919.6 4,902.2 5,182.3 6,286.0 51.2 21.3

DOL 3,734.1 3,916.2 3,979.2 4,100.5 4,137.2 4,167.4 3,264.6 4,392.2 4,666.0 4,813.7 5,068.9 35.7 5.3

DOT 8,746.5 7,217.0 8,472.5 9,647.7 10,021.9 9,062.4 8,996.8 8,810.5 8,849.0 9,326.2 1,979.3 -77.4 -78.8

TVA 1,349.0 1,440.3 2,517.7 2,438.5 2,298.7 2,267.9 2,243.5 2,131.2 2,161.6 1,949.3 1,956.4 45.0 0.4

DOC 1,208.3 953.1 1,387.8 1,338.3 1,328.8 1,231.2 1,268.2 1,232.5 1,379.3 1,331.9 1,415.2 17.1 6.3

ST 1

702.6 833.6 260.3 795.4 299.9 301.7 306.3 389.6 324.4 738.6 840.9 19.7 13.8

TRSY 1,094.9 719.9 3,822.9 3,670.7 4,890.2 4,638.7 4,680.0 1,456.8 1,504.6 1,398.9 824.6 -24.7 -41.1

HHS 677.7 734.4 593.9 586.8 573.9 538.6 524.5 582.7 590.1 576.1 614.9 -9.3 6.7

HUD 356.2 435.0 322.3 339.2 326.7 316.5 324.2 324.2 336.7 327.8 324.8 -8.8 -0.9

OTHER* 1,087.7 1,703.8 3,261.6 5,266.4 5,542.7 5,172.1 5,446.6 5,309.5 5,283.5 6,900.6 6,432.4 491.4 -6.8

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal 221,111.6 223,010.6 243,875.0 253,674.1 248,199.0 249,738.9 249,694.1 252,841.2 255,064.7 254,201.2 260,438.7 17.8 2.5

DOD 512,581.0 587,974.8 483,052.7 459,175.5 443,225.4 434,713.1 433,321.6 426,630.8 425,948.7 423,330.2 414,841.3 -19.1 -2.0

Total 733,692.6 810,985.4 726,927.7 712,849.6 691,424.4 684,451.9 683,015.6 679,472.0 681,013.4 677,531.4 675,280.0 -8.0 -0.3

MBOE 126.0 139.2 124.8 122.4 118.7 117.5 117.3 116.6 116.9 116.3 115.9

Petajoules 774.0 855.6 766.9 752.0 729.4 722.1 720.6 716.8 718.4 714.8 712.4

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes for certain years the CFTC, CIA, EEOC, FEMA, FTC, NARA, NSF, NRC, OPM, RRB, SSA, USIA/IBB, and FERC.

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam. Contains estimated data for the following agencies: 

FEMA (1997, 1998), FCC (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002), FTC (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002), and OPM. (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002). 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

1

In 1998, the State Department developed a statistical method for estimating the energy consumption in the large number of foreign buildings it owns and leases. This method was

subsequently applied to estimate FY 1991 energy consumption and is now used annually to assess progress. The FY 1991 foreign building estimates were combined with

domestic building data for the fiscal years 1985 and 1990, since these are base years for performance goals.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-8

TABLE 4-B

SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN FEDERAL STANDARD BUILDINGS

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY %Change %Change

AGENCY 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 85-03 02-03

VA 24,552.0 24,380.1 25,075.4 26,172.3 26,062.0 26,216.9 26,134.8 26,120.6 26,748.3 26,866.2 28,470.5 16.0 6.0

USPS 16,238.3 18,480.0 21,649.7 22,210.0 22,006.4 22,683.9 23,127.0 25,238.3 24,974.3 23,671.1 23,968.6 47.6 1.3

DOE 28,603.8 25,610.7 23,740.0 21,456.5 19,818.3 19,363.7 18,533.5 17,350.2 18,356.4 17,021.6 16,991.9 -40.6 -0.2

GSA 15,897.7 11,174.5 12,366.7 13,439.4 13,353.7 13,123.7 13,083.9 11,728.0 12,024.9 11,436.9 11,940.5 -24.9 4.4

DOJ 6,112.0 4,863.8 6,303.9 7,490.6 8,003.7 7,783.0 8,047.1 9,374.6 9,798.9 9,547.8 10,790.6 76.5 13.0

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4,616.1 NA NA

DOI 4,762.4 4,039.4 3,596.3 2,979.1 3,668.5 3,747.4 3,794.6 4,006.6 4,692.2 4,916.0 4,408.3 -7.4 -10.3

NASA 3,760.1 4,381.0 4,381.2 4,436.1 4,350.7 4,404.8 4,303.3 4,263.7 4,418.3 4,231.6 4,153.0 10.4 -1.9

USDA 1,953.6 2,204.9 2,083.1 2,261.3 1,996.0 2,111.1 1,901.8 2,052.5 2,070.8 2,410.8 2,631.2 34.7 9.1

DOL 2,153.0 2,137.1 2,028.8 2,153.9 2,153.9 2,190.2 1,697.9 2,111.8 2,312.5 2,411.8 2,566.9 19.2 6.4

DOT 4,614.5 3,750.4 3,669.1 4,058.0 3,959.6 3,779.5 3,828.1 3,716.4 3,913.8 3,971.4 721.6 -84.4 -81.8

TVA 402.4 427.8 748.5 728.4 665.6 658.4 650.8 617.7 626.2 565.0 565.9 40.6 0.2

DOC 540.3 399.4 494.9 490.1 457.2 429.9 449.4 437.0 471.4 442.0 509.9 -5.6 15.4

ST 1

232.2 267.8 92.9 289.2 114.0 113.2 114.7 152.9 123.2 245.5 300.8 29.6 22.5

TRSY 426.0 396.0 1,418.3 1,484.9 1,904.4 1,741.2 1,815.0 530.0 573.0 498.0 295.5 -30.6 -40.7

HHS 253.0 273.1 201.7 204.7 200.1 188.8 184.8 212.3 219.6 200.9 236.8 -6.4 17.9

HUD 116.9 140.3 105.9 115.4 109.3 103.1 106.3 106.3 115.6 109.9 112.9 -3.5 2.7

OTHER* 406.8 660.0 1,235.8 1,929.8 2,035.7 1,911.5 1,982.6 1,946.3 1,944.9 2,592.1 2,437.9 499.3 -5.9

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal 111,025.2 103,586.2 109,191.8 111,899.6 110,859.1 110,550.2 109,755.6 109,965.3 113,384.3 111,138.6 115,718.8 4.2 4.1

DOD 304,190.0 321,101.6 247,166.9 235,994.1 227,070.0 220,567.6 217,958.2 210,965.0 211,528.2 206,315.2 204,435.4 -32.8 -0.9

Total 415,215.2 424,687.7 356,358.8 347,893.7 337,929.1 331,117.8 327,713.8 320,930.3 324,912.5 317,453.7 320,154.2 -22.9 0.9

MBOE 71.3 72.9 61.2 59.7 58.0 56.8 56.3 55.1 55.8 54.5 55.0

Petajoules 438.0 448.0 375.9 367.0 356.5 349.3 345.7 338.6 342.8 334.9 337.8

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes for certain years the CFTC, CIA, EEOC, FEMA, FTC, NARA, NSF, NRC, OPM, RRB, SSA, USIA/IBB, and FERC.

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. Contains estimated data for the following agencies: FEMA (1997, 1998), FCC (1997,

1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002), FTC (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002), and OPM. (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002). 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding. 

1

In 1998, the State Department developed a statistical method for estimating the energy consumption in the large number of foreign buildings it owns and leases. This method was

subsequently applied to estimate FY 1991 energy consumption and is now used annually to assess progress. The FY 1991 foreign building estimates were combined with

domestic building data for the fiscal years 1985 and 1990, since these are base years for performance goals.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-9

TABLE 5

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF FEDERAL BUILDINGS ENERGY 

BY FUEL TYPE IN FY 2003, FY 2002, AND FY 1985 

(Constant 2003 Dollars)

ENERGY TYPE BILLIONS OF COST (IN MILLIONS COST PER COST PER

BTU OF DOLLARS) MMBTU FAMILIAR UNIT

2003

ELECTRICITY 141,418.4 $2,611.837 $18.47 $63.02/MWH

FUEL OIL 35,313.4 $201.008 $5.69 $0.79/Gallon

NATURAL GAS 112,316.6 $639.371 $5.69 $5.87/Thou. Cubic. Ft.

LPG/PROPANE 2,399.3 $23.174 $9.66 $0.92/Gallon

COAL 12,503.5 $32.882 $2.63 $64.64/Short Ton

PURCHASED STEAM 13,827.8 $171.409 $12.40 $12.40/MMBtu

OTHER 2,375.2 $32.264 $13.58 $13.58/MMBtu

TOTAL 320,154.2 $3,711.945

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $11.594

2002

ELECTRICITY 143,659.6 $2,714.987 $18.90 $64.48/MWH

FUEL OIL 33,579.3 $222.553 $6.63 $0.92/Gallon

NATURAL GAS 109,565.5 $614.933 $5.61 $5.79/Thou. Cubic. Ft.

LPG/PROPANE 2,488.8 $22.942 $9.22 $0.88/Gallon

COAL 13,194.8 $34.036 $2.58 $63.40/Short Ton

PURCHASED STEAM 12,313.6 $153.868 $12.50 $12.50/MMBtu

OTHER 2,652.2 $28.078 $10.59 $10.59/MMBtu

TOTAL 317,453.7 $3,791.397

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $11.943

1985

ELECTRICITY 127,649.0 $3,669.411 $28.75 $98.08/MWH

FUEL OIL 92,947.1 $953.476 $10.26 $1.42/Gallon

NATURAL GAS 127,690.3 $1,012.239 $7.93 $8.17/Thou. Cubic. Ft.

LPG/PROPANE 3,162.1 $37.598 $11.89 $1.14/Gallon

COAL 52,380.1 $209.045 $3.99 $98.10/Short Ton

PURCHASED STEAM 7,171.4 $144.751 $20.18 $20.18/MMBtu

OTHER 4,215.1 $35.208 $8.35 $8.35/MMBtu

TOTAL 415,215.2 $6,061.727

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $14.600

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

Note: FY 2003 and FY 2002 contain estimated data for: FCC and FTC.

This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. Sum of components may not equal

total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-10

TABLE 6-A

FEDERAL STANDARD BUILDINGS SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY USE 

PER GROSS SQUARE FOOT, FY 1985 AND FY 2003

FISCAL YEAR 1985 FISCAL YEAR 2003

GSF BTU GSF BTU %CHANGE

(Thousands) (Billions) BTU/GSF (Thousands) (Billions) BTU/GSF 1985-2003

VA 123,650.0 24,552.0 198,560 153,188.0 28,470.5 185,853 -6.4

USPS 189,400.0 16,238.3 85,736 353,090.5 23,968.6 67,882 -20.8

DOE † 60,457.1 28,603.8 473,126 71,264.6 16,866.9 236,681 -50.0

GSA † 189,976.9 15,897.7 83,682 173,212.9 11,880.0 68,586 -18.0

DOJ 20,768.8 6,112.0 294,289 51,981.2 10,782.6 207,433 -29.5

DOI † 54,154.4 4,762.4 87,940 55,230.7 4,405.2 79,759 -9.3

DHS 0.0 0.0 0 38,907.8 4,616.1 118,642 NA

NASA † 14,623.4 3,760.1 257,130 21,950.9 4,153.0 189,195 -26.4

USDA † 24,061.0 1,953.6 81,195 41,018.4 2,601.4 63,420 -21.9

DOL † 18,268.3 2,153.0 117,852 21,612.3 2,558.1 118,362 0.4

DOT † 32,291.1 4,614.5 142,904 7,114.6 697.0 97,972 -31.4

TVA † 4,886.6 402.4 82,357 9,391.3 561.9 59,833 -27.3

DOC † 4,522.6 540.3 119,476 5,649.5 503.0 89,030 -25.5

ST 2,597.0 232.2 89,392 1,882.5 300.8 159,794 78.8

TRSY † 4,225.0 426.0 100,830 3,587.4 290.4 80,945 -19.7

HHS 2,649.8 253.0 95,491 2,706.3 236.8 87,487 -8.4

HUD 1,432.0 116.9 81,668 1,432.0 112.9 78,817 -3.5

OTHER* † 3,172.0 406.8 128,249 14,013.6 2,417.7 172,523 34.5

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal † 751,136.0 111,025.2 147,810 1,027,234.5 115,422.8 112,363 -24.0

DOD † 2,224,527.3 304,190.0 136,744 2,013,709.5 203,729.0 101,171 -26.0

Total † 2,975,663.3 415,215.2 139,537 3,040,944.0 319,151.8 104,952 -24.8

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes the Federal Communications Commission, Federal Trade Commission, Federal Emergency

Management Agency, National Archives and Records Administration, National Science Foundation, Nuclear

Regulatory Commission, Office of Personnel Management, Panama Canal Commission, Railroad Retirement Board,

Social Security Administration, the U.S. Information Agency, and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

†Indicates that reductions were made to FY 2003 energy use and Btu/GSF (shown in italics) to reflect purchases of

renewable energy. When calculating Btu/GSF, the following amounts were subtracted from agency energy use for

FY 2003: DOC, 6.9 BBtu; DOD, 706.5 BBtu; DOE, 125.0 BBtu; DOI, 3.1 BBtu; DOL, 8.8 BBtu; DOT, 24.6 BBtu;

GSA, 60.5 BBtu; NASA, 162.0 BBtu; TRSY, 5.1 BBtu; TVA, 4.0 BBtu; USDA, 29.8 BBtu; RRB, 0.2 BBtu; and

SSA, 20.0 BBtu. RRB and SSA are included under the Other category because they lack FY 1985 baseline data. 

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-11

TABLE 6-B

FEDERAL STANDARD BUILDINGS PRIMARY ENERGY USE 

PER GROSS SQUARE FOOT, FY 1985 AND FY 2003

FISCAL YEAR 1985 FISCAL YEAR 2003

GSF BTU GSF BTU %CHANGE

(Thousands) (Billions) BTU/GSF (Thousands) (Billions) BTU/GSF 1985-2003

USPS 189,400.0 40,143.9 211,953 353,090.5 60,810.9 172,225 -18.7

VA 123,650.0 42,864.1 346,657 153,188.0 53,840.6 351,468 1.4

DOE † 60,457.1 48,300.5 798,922 71,264.6 36,866.2 517,315 -35.2

GSA † 189,976.9 40,198.6 211,597 173,212.9 31,290.0 180,645 -14.6

DOJ 20,768.8 9,048.5 435,679 51,981.2 20,676.7 397,772 -8.7

DHS 0.0 0.0 NA 38,907.8 10,845.1 278,738 NA

NASA † 14,623.4 8,899.9 608,608 21,950.9 10,650.5 485,194 -20.3

DOI † 54,154.4 8,542.8 157,748 55,230.7 9,060.3 164,044 4.0

USDA † 24,061.0 4,156.4 172,746 41,018.4 6,182.5 150,725 -12.7

DOL † 18,268.3 3,734.1 204,404 21,612.3 5,038.2 233,119 14.0

DOT † 32,291.1 8,746.5 270,863 7,114.6 1,894.0 266,210 -1.7

TVA † 4,886.6 1,349.0 276,067 9,391.3 1,942.5 206,844 -25.1

DOC † 4,522.6 1,208.3 267,167 5,649.5 1,391.2 246,244 -7.8

ST 2,597.0 702.6 270,529 1,882.5 840.9 446,694 65.1

TRSY † 4,225.0 1,094.9 259,142 3,587.4 806.8 224,905 -13.2

HHS 2,649.8 677.7 255,759 2,706.3 614.9 227,206 -11.2

HUD 1,432.0 356.2 248,708 1,432.0 324.8 226,783 -8.8

OTHER* † 3,172.0 1,087.7 342,897 15,447.9 6,362.1 411,844 20.1

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal † 751,136.0 221,111.6 294,370 1,028,668.8 259,438.2 252,208 -14.3

DOD † 2,224,527.3 512,581.0 230,422 2,013,709.5 414,841.3 206,009 -10.6

Total † 2,975,663.3 733,692.6 246,564 3,042,378.3 674,279.5 221,629 -10.1

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes the Federal Communications Commission, Federal Trade Commission, Federal Emergency

Management Agency, National Archives and Records Administration, National Science Foundation, Nuclear

Regulatory Commission, Office of Personnel Management, Panama Canal Commission, Railroad Retirement Board,

Social Security Administration, the U.S. Information Agency, and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

†Indicates that reductions were made to FY 2003 energy use and Btu/GSF (shown in italics) to reflect purchases of

renewable energy. When calculating Btu/GSF, the following amounts were subtracted from agency energy use for

FY 2003: DOC, 24.0 BBtu; DOD, 2,453.7 BBtu; DOE, 434.0 BBtu; DOI, 10.9 BBtu; DOL, 30.7 BBtu; DOT, 85.3

BBtu; GSA, 210.2 BBtu; NASA, 562.6 BBtu; TRSY, 17.8 BBtu; TVA, 13.9 BBtu; USDA, 103.5 BBtu; RRB, 0.7

BBtu; and SSA, 69.5 BBtu. RRB and SSA are included under the Other category because they lack FY 1985

baseline data. 

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 11,850 Btu per kilowatt hour and 1,390 Btu per pound of steam. 

Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-12

TABLE 7

SITE-DELIVERED ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN FEDERAL ENERGY-INTENSIVE FACILITIES

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

CIVILIAN FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY %Change %Change

AGENCY 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 90-03 02-03

HHS 6,845.9 5,998.0 6,578.2 6,824.1 7,170.6 5,822.6 6,405.6 7,217.7 6,764.3 6,498.6 7,138.8 7,597.8 7,612.2 7,842.5 14.6 3.0

DOE 7,507.9 6,810.1 7,445.3 7,063.0 6,878.9 6,939.1 7,262.5 7,429.3 6,415.8 2,431.6 6,663.3 5,090.0 7,242.2 7,403.5 -1.4 2.2

GSA 1

4,354.0 746.2 677.6 994.6 1,060.2 1,213.8 961.0 890.7 849.2 1,150.8 5,093.8 5,799.4 5,453.3 5,997.6 37.8 10.0

NASA 4,142.9 3,910.8 4,012.9 3,816.2 4,070.7 3,900.6 3,535.9 3,835.6 3,897.9 3,794.5 3,585.5 3,413.9 3,382.0 3,294.7 -20.5 -2.6

USDA 2,416.2 2,133.3 1,966.3 2,166.9 2,119.3 2,141.0 2,140.8 2,221.6 2,416.5 2,589.0 2,368.5 2,826.7 2,216.1 2,209.1 -8.6 -0.3

TRSY 1,773.8 1,026.8 814.1 923.7 771.8 941.0 928.3 1,131.8 996.5 964.2 2,303.7 2,204.8 2,130.1 1,992.7 12.3 -6.4

DOC 976.6 0.0 976.6 770.8 1,110.2 1,627.4 1,823.0 1,335.2 1,332.0 1,400.4 1,315.8 1,454.6 1,395.3 1,464.1 49.9 4.9

EPA 2747.0 822.4 839.7 894.1 943.3 1,020.9 1,023.5 1,012.1 1,022.7 1,170.2 940.3 1,118.3 979.7 1,255.3 68.1 28.1

IBB 1,406.9 850.6 828.5 796.8 861.1 878.2 936.2 1,092.2 1,020.4 951.4 951.4 951.4 1,229.6 1,033.2 -26.6 -16.0

DOJ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 668.4 707.8 944.1 846.9 850.7 862.8 862.2 845.1 838.7 961.3 NA 14.6

SSA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 215.5 204.7 211.4 199.1 237.5 201.9 190.6 186.1 NA -2.4

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 93.1 NA NA

FCC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 NA 0.0

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal 30,361.8 22,495.2 24,333.1 24,447.8 25,855.6 25,401.6 26,395.1 27,438.7 25,777.4 22,012.8 31,466.8 31,510.2 32,751.4 33,815.5 11.4 3.2

DOD 39,209.1 56,372.1 67,913.1 41,159.3 39,781.4 37,962.6 37,260.1 35,702.3 36,588.4 32,919.0 32,280.9 28,649.8 28,459.4 28,614.5 -27.0 0.5

Total 69,570.9 78,867.3 92,246.2 65,607.1 65,637.1 63,364.2 63,655.1 63,141.0 62,365.8 54,931.8 63,747.8 60,160.0 61,210.8 62,429.9 -10.3 2.0

MBOE 11.9 13.5 15.8 11.3 11.3 10.9 10.9 10.8 10.7 9.4 10.9 10.3 10.5 10.7

Petajoules 73.4 83.2 97.3 69.2 69.2 66.8 67.2 66.6 65.8 58.0 67.3 63.5 64.6 65.9

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

Note: This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

1GSA’s large increase in energy reported under this category beginning in FY 2000 is a result of the agency reclassifying buildings from the standard buildings inventory for FY 1990 and FY 2000

forward without adjusting data for the intervening years.

2

EPA’s inventory of reportable facilities has increased from 2.1 million sq. ft. to 3.8 million sq. ft. of laboratory space between FY 1990 and FY 2003, approximately an 80 percent increase over the

reporting period. EPA added 600,000 sq. ft. of laboratory space in FY 2003 alone, an 18 percent increase in EPA’s laboratory space in FY 2003.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-13

TABLE 8

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF FEDERAL ENERGY INTENSIVE FACILITIES ENERGY 

BY FUEL TYPE IN FY 2003

ENERGY TYPE BILLIONS OF COST (IN MILLIONS COST PER COST PER

BTU OF DOLLARS) MMBTU FAMILIAR UNIT

ELECTRICITY 29,128.5 $437.111 $15.01 $51.20/MWH

FUEL OIL 4,102.4 $26.413 $6.44 $0.89/Gallon

NATURAL GAS 22,052.7 $141.167 $6.40 $6.60/Thou. Cubic. Ft.

LPG/PROPANE 275.0 $2.424 $8.81 $0.84/Gallon

COAL 4,107.4 $10.173 $2.48 $60.88/Short Ton

PURCHASED STEAM 2,337.7 $25.349 $10.84 $10.84/MMBtu

OTHER 426.2 $5.760 $13.52 $13.52/MMBtu

TOTAL 62,429.9 $648.397

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $10.386

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

Note: FY 2003 contains estimated data for FCC.

This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. Sum of components may not equal

total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-14

TABLE 9

ENERGY CONSUMPTION, COSTS, AND GROSS SQUARE FOOTAGE OF 

FEDERAL EXEMPT FACILITIES, FY 2003

Energy Consumption Energy Costs Facility Gross Square Feet

Agency (BBtu) % of Agency's

Total Facility Use

($ Million) % of Agency's

Total Facility Costs

(Thou. Sq. Ft.)

% of Agency's

Total Facility

Space

DOD 9,189.9 3.8% $146.073 5.7% 0.0 0.0%

DOE 4,888.6 16.7% $64.763 21.5% 10,869.2 10.2%

DOT 3,420.1 82.6% $75.268 86.7% 16,436.7 69.8%

GSA 572.8 3.1% $11.758 3.9% 13,808.8 6.7%

HHS 8.3 0.1% $0.143 0.2% 882.8 3.3%

NARA 578.6 100.0% $7.480 100.0% 3,787.6 100.0%

NASA 1,644.9 18.1% $21.845 18.9% 4,670.5 12.2%

ST 288.4 48.9% $4.982 52.8% 2,598.8 58.0%

TVA 1,253.9 66.1% $22.050 66.2% 19,167.9 66.2%

USPS 1,464.2 5.8% $31.873 6.9% 0.0 0.0%

Total 23,309.6 NA $386.237 NA 72,222.3 NA

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

TABLE 10

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF FEDERAL EXEMPT FACILITY ENERGY 

BY FUEL TYPE IN FY 2003

ENERGY TYPE BILLIONS OF COST (IN MILLIONS COST PER COST PER

BTU OF DOLLARS) MMBTU FAMILIAR UNIT

ELECTRICITY 16,632.1 $333.387 $20.04 $68.39/MWH

FUEL OIL 1,971.5 $13.636 $6.92 $0.96/Gallon

NATURAL GAS 2,517.3 $17.093 $6.79 $7.00/Thou. Cubic. Ft.

LPG/PROPANE 21.5 $0.262 $12.18 $1.16/Gallon

COAL 261.5 $0.669 $2.56 $62.88/Short Ton

PURCHASED STEAM 1,108.5 $11.807 $10.65 $10.65/MMBtu

OTHER 797.3 $9.382 $11.77 $11.77/MMBtu

TOTAL 23,309.6 $386.237

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $16.570

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

This table uses a conversion factor for electricity of 3,412 Btu per kilowatt hour. Sum of components may not equal

total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-15

TABLE 11

FEDERAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS

(In Billions of Btu, with Conversions to Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent [MBOE], and Petajoules [Joule x 1015])

Civilian FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY FY %Change %Change

Agency 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 85-03 02-03

USPS 11,524.2 12,136.2 14,571.2 14,217.1 16,779.2 14,777.2 14,583.7 15,976.3 16,192.1 15,831.8 17,173.5 49.0 8.5

DHS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13,625.4 NA NA

DOJ 2,064.0 2,097.9 3,181.6 3,693.0 3,149.3 7,171.4 6,456.3 9,456.3 9,037.9 7,305.9 6,276.4 204.1 -14.1

DOI 3,053.9 3,352.5 2,782.2 1,347.5 2,943.7 2,679.9 3,661.4 3,839.3 4,812.3 3,308.9 3,151.2 3.2 -4.8

USDA 4,319.6 4,952.3 4,821.7 4,654.8 3,153.0 3,389.4 3,337.9 3,025.7 2,476.2 2,543.5 2,376.6 -45.0 -6.6

TRSY 2,155.0 1,473.2 1,773.4 1,350.9 1,561.4 2,078.6 2,120.2 2,503.3 2,577.8 2,878.3 1,856.3 -13.9 -35.5

DOT 11,957.0 12,150.8 12,193.7 12,222.9 12,347.9 10,145.0 10,870.5 11,122.9 8,739.3 10,865.9 1,476.4 -87.7 -86.4

DOE 2,882.0 2,520.4 1,841.9 1,561.0 1,971.0 1,955.6 1,444.6 1,803.4 1,714.4 1,587.0 1,417.1 -50.8 -10.7

VA 592.8 518.3 353.6 660.7 1,199.1 1,380.3 1,337.6 923.4 913.6 856.4 1,174.0 98.1 37.1

NASA 1,972.7 1,736.7 1,750.9 1,539.3 1,622.1 1,428.3 1,412.8 1,490.1 1,455.1 1,372.2 982.8 -50.2 -28.4

TVA 578.5 476.6 541.7 583.8 479.5 429.1 423.3 850.1 822.3 747.9 942.3 62.9 26.0

HHS 373.3 0.0 105.5 18.6 435.0 447.7 447.7 593.2 715.2 178.5 572.4 53.4 220.7

ST 14.8 34.9 0.0 0.0 44.7 40.9 40.9 486.4 37.1 49.4 444.2 NA 798.2

DOL 232.2 239.0 356.9 337.7 336.2 350.2 350.2 368.9 358.9 363.3 397.4 71.1 9.4

DOC 1,010.2 3,100.3 760.6 570.1 929.1 708.4 834.5 154.3 595.8 360.0 360.0 -64.4 0.0

EPA 132.3 0.0 99.6 76.5 137.2 97.7 120.6 97.9 110.0 114.8 133.1 0.6 15.9

GSA 144.1 128.1 91.3 98.8 119.9 122.2 125.2 127.0 112.7 74.9 80.3 -44.3 7.3

HUD 0.0 0.0 25.4 25.4 28.3 23.3 23.3 37.8 33.4 38.0 31.4 NA -17.4

OTHER* 582.1 732.4 992.9 951.4 914.0 154.2 150.6 45.3 48.8 58.8 51.7 -91.1 -12.1

Civilian Agencies

Subtotal 43,588.5 45,649.7 46,244.1 43,909.5 48,150.6 47,379.4 47,741.4 52,901.5 50,753.0 48,535.5 52,522.3 20.5 8.2

DOD 890,679.9 881,345.1 640,893.4 631,202.0 617,235.4 579,959.8 559,785.8 526,234.1 537,168.4 593,506.3 662,116.2 -25.7 11.6

Total 934,268.4 926,994.8 687,137.4 675,111.5 665,386.0 627,339.2 607,527.2 579,135.6 587,921.5 642,041.8 714,638.6 -23.5 11.3

MBOE 160.4 159.1 118.0 115.9 114.2 107.7 104.3 99.4 100.9 110.2 122.7

Petajoules 985.6 977.9 724.9 712.2 702.0 661.8 640.9 611.0 620.2 677.3 753.9

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

*Other includes for certain years the CFTC, CIA, FEMA, NSF, NRC, OPM, and USIA/IBB.

Note: Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-16

TABLE 12

CONSUMPTION AND COSTS OF VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT 

ENERGY BY FUEL TYPE IN FY 2003 

ENERGY TYPE BILLIONS OF COST (IN MILLIONS COST PER COST PER

BTU OF DOLLARS) MMBTU FAMILIAR UNIT

AUTO GASOLINE 45,767.8 $563.621 $12.31 $1.54/Gallon

DIST/DIESEL 126,067.3 $767.107 $6.08 $0.84/Gallon

LPG/PROPANE 30.4 $0.364 $11.96 $1.14/Gallon

AVIATION GASOLINE 257.9 $4.377 $16.97 $2.12/Gallon

JET FUEL 517,867.6 $3,406.163 $6.58 $0.86/Gallon

NAVY SPECIAL 21,322.1 $124.861 $5.86 $0.81/Gallon

OTHER 3,325.5 $9.844 $2.96 $2.96/MMBtu

TOTAL 714,638.6 4,876.336

AVERAGE COST PER MMBTU = $6.823

DATA AS OF 12/01/04

Note: Sum of components may not equal total due to independent rounding.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-17

TABLE 13 

FEDERAL ENERGY EXPENDITURES, FY 1985–FY 2003 

(CONSTANT 2003 DOLLARS)

Year Annual Annual Annual Change in Energy

Energy Use Energy Cost Energy Cost Costs from 19851

(BBTU) ($ MILLION) ($/MMBTU) ($ MILLION)

Standard Buildings & Facilities

1985 415,215.2 $6,061.727 $14.599 $0.000

1986 443,667.3 $6,138.889 $13.837 $77.162

1987 465,393.9 $6,100.896 $13.109 $39.169

1988 440,381.3 $5,521.481 $12.538 -$540.245

1989 437,487.3 $5,138.720 $11.746 -$923.007

1990 424,687.7 $5,602.310 $13.192 -$459.417

1991 394,459.0 $5,371.132 $13.616 -$690.595

1992 401,667.6 $5,048.120 $12.568 -$1,013.606

1993 391,492.2 $5,270.211 $13.462 -$791.515

1994 373,532.2 $4,947.247 $13.244 -$1,114.480

1995 356,358.8 $4,603.218 $12.917 -$1,458.509

1996 347,893.7 $4,423.026 $12.714 -$1,638.701

1997 337,929.1 $4,126.149 $12.210 -$1,935.577

1998 331,117.8 $3,895.772 $11.766 -$2,165.955

1999 327,713.8 $3,645.753 $11.125 -$2,415.974

2000 320,930.3 $3,521.440 $10.973 -$2,540.287

2001 324,912.5 $4,100.929 $12.622 -$1,960.797

2002 317,453.7 $3,791.397 $11.943 -$2,270.330

2003 320,154.2 $3,711.945 $11.594 -$2,349.782

Energy Intensive Facilities

1985 79,024.0 $1,217.050 $15.401 $0.000

1986 20,321.6 $443.294 $21.814 -$773.756

1987 24,827.5 $412.238 $16.604 -$804.812

1988 55,666.3 $818.577 $14.705 -$398.473

1989 52,355.4 $638.009 $12.186 -$579.041

1990 69,570.9 $948.779 $13.638 -$268.271

1991 78,867.3 $1,031.567 $13.080 -$185.483

1992 92,246.2 $1,153.812 $12.508 -$63.238

1993 65,607.1 $756.419 $11.530 -$460.631

1994 65,637.1 $714.996 $10.893 -$502.054

1995 63,364.2 $650.066 $10.259 -$566.984

1996 63,655.1 $671.732 $10.553 -$545.318

1997 63,141.0 $656.963 $10.405 -$560.087

1998 62,365.8 $575.442 $9.227 -$641.608

1999 54,931.8 $525.917 $9.574 -$691.133

2000 63,747.8 $584.007 $9.161 -$633.042

2001 60,160.0 $665.712 $11.066 -$551.337

2002 61,210.8 $608.315 $9.938 -$608.734

2003 62,429.9 $648.397 $10.386 -$568.653

1

Changes in energy costs from 1985 should not be construed as savings resulting from Federal energy management activities. Many variables

contribute to fluctuations in annual energy costs, including changes in square footage, building stock, weather, energy efficiency investments,

service level, fuel mix, fuel prices, and vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet composition. This table incorporates revisions to previously published

energy consumption and cost data submitted to DOE by Federal agencies.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-18

TABLE 13 (Continued)

FEDERAL ENERGY EXPENDITURES, FY 1985–FY 2003 

(CONSTANT 2003 DOLLARS)

Year Annual Annual Annual Change in Energy

Energy Use Energy Cost Energy Cost Costs from 19851

(BBTU) ($ MILLION) ($/MMBTU) ($ MILLION)

Exempt Facilities

1985 20,217.9 $318.062 $15.732 $0.000

1986 17,878.5 $267.973 $14.989 -$50.088

1987 17,195.9 $252.868 $14.705 -$65.193

1988 17,367.6 $244.801 $14.095 -$73.261

1989 14,840.0 $233.402 $15.728 -$84.659

1990 14,800.8 $255.519 $17.264 -$62.543

1991 17,851.3 $321.871 $18.031 $3.809

1992 17,677.5 $261.337 $14.784 -$56.725

1993 16,981.0 $249.286 $14.680 -$68.776

1994 16,172.3 $256.066 $15.834 -$61.996

1995 22,376.0 $230.867 $10.318 -$87.195

1996 21,723.5 $237.318 $10.924 -$80.744

1997 25,437.2 $329.875 $12.968 $11.813

1998 16,977.4 $281.195 $16.563 -$36.867

1999 21,362.5 $269.783 $12.629 -$48.279

2000 29,908.5 $416.390 $13.922 $98.328

2001 29,892.1 $488.470 $16.341 $170.408

2002 24,101.0 $426.505 $17.697 $108.443

2003 23,309.6 $386.237 $16.570 $68.175

Vehicles & Equipment

1985 934,268.4 $10,418.368 $11.151 $0.000

1986 924,833.7 $6,241.035 $6.748 -$4,177.333

1987 958,904.3 $6,578.926 $6.861 -$3,839.442

1988 846,896.2 $6,201.235 $7.322 -$4,217.133

1989 959,994.6 $6,987.310 $7.278 -$3,431.058

1990 926,994.8 $7,702.966 $8.310 -$2,715.401

1991 970,454.3 $9,874.085 $10.175 -$544.283

1992 783,122.4 $5,820.409 $7.432 -$4,597.958

1993 772,633.8 $6,118.070 $7.918 -$4,300.297

1994 722,790.5 $4,312.195 $5.966 -$6,106.173

1995 687,137.4 $4,439.109 $6.460 -$5,979.259

1996 675,111.5 $4,280.151 $6.340 -$6,138.217

1997 665,386.0 $4,816.305 $7.238 -$5,602.063

1998 627,339.2 $4,978.981 $7.937 -$5,439.387

1999 607,527.2 $4,288.527 $7.059 -$6,129.841

2000 579,135.6 $3,401.742 $5.874 -$7,016.626

2001 587,921.5 $4,896.527 $8.329 -$5,521.841

2002 642,041.8 $5,180.384 $8.069 -$5,237.984

2003 714,638.6 $4,876.336 $6.823 -$5,542.032

1

Changes in energy costs from 1985 should not be construed as savings resulting from Federal energy management activities. Many variables

contribute to fluctuations in annual energy costs, including changes in square footage, building stock, weather, energy efficiency investments,

service level, fuel mix, fuel prices, and vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet composition. This table incorporates revisions to previously published

energy consumption and cost data submitted to DOE by Federal agencies.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
A-19

TABLE 13 (Continued)

FEDERAL ENERGY EXPENDITURES, FY 1985–FY 2003 

(CONSTANT 2003 DOLLARS)

Year Annual Annual Annual Change in Energy

Energy Use Energy Cost Energy Cost Costs from 19851

(BBTU) ($ MILLION) ($/MMBTU) ($ MILLION)

Total Energy - All End-Use Sectors

1985 1,448,725.5 $18,015.206 $12.435 $0.000

1986 1,406,701.1 $13,091.191 $9.306 -$4,924.015

1987 1,466,321.6 $13,344.928 $9.101 -$4,670.278

1988 1,360,311.4 $12,786.094 $9.399 -$5,229.112

1989 1,464,677.3 $12,997.441 $8.874 -$5,017.765

1990 1,436,054.2 $14,509.575 $10.104 -$3,505.632

1991 1,461,631.9 $16,598.654 $11.356 -$1,416.552

1992 1,294,713.7 $12,283.678 $9.488 -$5,731.528

1993 1,246,714.1 $12,393.986 $9.941 -$5,621.220

1994 1,178,132.1 $10,230.504 $8.684 -$7,784.702

1995 1,129,236.4 $9,923.259 $8.788 -$8,091.947

1996 1,108,383.8 $9,612.227 $8.672 -$8,402.979

1997 1,091,893.3 $9,929.292 $9.094 -$8,085.915

1998 1,037,800.2 $9,731.389 $9.377 -$8,283.817

1999 1,011,535.3 $8,729.979 $8.630 -$9,285.227

2000 993,722.2 $7,923.578 $7.974 -$10,091.628

2001 1,002,886.1 $10,151.639 $10.122 -$7,863.568

2002 1,044,807.3 $10,006.601 $9.577 -$8,008.605

2003 1,120,532.3 $9,622.915 $8.588 -$8,392.291

1

Changes in energy costs from 1985 should not be construed as savings resulting from Federal energy management activities. Many variables

contribute to fluctuations in annual energy costs, including changes in square footage, building stock, weather, energy efficiency investments,

service level, fuel mix, fuel prices, and vehicle, naval, and aircraft fleet composition. This table incorporates revisions to previously published

energy consumption and cost data submitted to DOE by Federal agencies.

Source: Federal Agency Annual Energy Management Data Reports
B-1

APPENDIX B

DATA COLLECTION

Standard Buildings and Facilities, Energy Intensive Facilities, and Exempt Facilities

The Federal agencies that own or control buildings are required to report the energy

consumption in these buildings to FEMP by January 1 after the end of each fiscal year. The

General Services Administration (GSA) reports the energy of buildings it owns and operates,

including usage by other Federal agency occupants. For buildings which have been delegated by

GSA to other agencies, the individual agencies are responsible for reporting the energy

consumption and square footage figures.

The data shown in this report do not include leased space in buildings where the energy costs are

a part of the rent and the Federal agency involved has no control over the building’s energy

management.

The Federal agencies submit their annual reports expressed in the following units: 

megawatthours of electricity; thousands of gallons of fuel oil; thousands of cubic feet of natural

gas; thousands of gallons of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and propane; short tons of coal;

billions of Btu of purchased steam; and billions of Btu of “other.” DOE reviews this data for

accuracy and confers with the submitting agency to clarify any apparent anomalies. The data are

then entered into a computer database management program.

The tables shown in this Annual Report are expressed in billions of Btu derived from the

following conversion factors: 

Electricity - 3,412 Btu/kilowatt hour

Fuel Oil - 138,700 Btu/gallon

Natural Gas - 1,031 Btu/cubic foot

LPG/Propane - 95,500 Btu/gallon

Coal - 24,580,000 Btu/short ton

Purchased Steam - 1,000 Btu/pound

The above conversion factors for electricity and purchased steam refer to site-delivered energy

(or heat content) and do not account for energy consumed in the production and delivery of

energy products. Table 6 of this report accounts for primary energy use, which is the sum of the

energy directly consumed by end users (site energy) and the source energy consumed in the

production and delivery of energy products. Using 2002 data from EIA, a blended heat rate of

10,191 Btu/kWh was calculated for fossil and nuclear steam-electric plants. In addition to

conversion losses, transmission and distribution losses (9 percent) and power plant use (5

percent) are also factored into the delivered heat content, resulting in a total source energy input

for electricity of 11,850 Btu/kWh. DOE uses this conversion factor to calculate primary energy

use for electricity and 1,390 Btu per pound for purchased steam.

In addition, the Federal agencies annually report to FEMP the gross square footage of their

buildings and the cost of their buildings’ energy.
B-2

Vehicles and Equipment

Federal agencies are required to report the energy consumption of their fleet vehicles through

DOE’s Federal Automotive Statistical Tool (FAST) no later than November 1 after the end of

each fiscal year. Energy consumption in other types of equipment not reported through FAST is

required to be reported to FEMP by January 1 after the end of each fiscal year.

The fuels used in vehicles and equipment are automotive gasoline, diesel and petroleum distillate

fuels, aviation gasoline, jet fuel, navy special, liquefied petroleum gas/propane, and “other.” All

the fuels in this category with the exception of “other” are reported in thousands of gallons. 

“Other” is reported in billions of Btu.

The conversion factors for these fuels are:

Gasoline - 125,000 Btu/gallon

Diesel-Distillate - 138,700 Btu/gallon

Aviation Gasoline - 125,000 Btu/gallon

Jet Fuel - 130,000 Btu/gallon

Navy Special - 138,700 Btu/gallon

LPG/Propane - 95,500 Btu/gallon

This report excludes those agencies that have been unable to provide complete fiscal year

consumption data prior to the publication date. All agency omissions, as well as any anomalies

in the data, are indicated by footnotes on the tables or in the text of the report.
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APPENDIX C

ACRONYMS

Agency Acronyms

Commodity Futures Trading Commission CFTC

Central Intelligence Agency CIA

Department of Agriculture USDA

Department of Commerce DOC

Department of Defense DOD

Department of Energy DOE 

Department of Health and Human Services HHS

Department of Housing and Urban Development HUD

Department of the Interior DOI

Department of Justice DOJ

Department of Labor DOL

Department of State ST

Department of Transportation DOT

Department of the Treasury TRSY

Department of Veterans Affairs VA

Environmental Protection Agency EPA

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EEOC

Federal Communications Commission FCC

Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FERC

Federal Trade Commission FTC

General Services Administration GSA

International Broadcasting Bureau IBB

National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA

National Archives and Records Administration NARA

National Science Foundation NSF

Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRC

Office of Personnel Management OPM

Panama Canal Commission PCC

Railroad Retirement Board RRB

Social Security Administration SSA

Tennessee Valley Authority TVA

United States Information Agency USIA

United States Postal Service USPS
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Other Acronyms

Assessment of Load and Energy Reduction Techniques ALERT

Building Life-Cycle Cost BLCC

British Thermal Unit(s) Btu

Energy Citations Database ECD

Energy Information Administration EIA

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy EERE

Energy Management Control Systems EMCS

Energy Policy Act of 1992 EPACT

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Clearinghouse EREC

Energy Service Company ESCO

Energy Savings Performance Contract ESPC

Federal Automotive Statistical Tool FAST

Federal Energy Management Program FEMP

Fiscal Year FY

Gross Square Foot GSF

Industrial Assessment Center IAC

Indefinite-Delivery, Indefinite Quantity Contract IDIQ

Life-Cycle Cost LCC

Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPG

Military Construction MILCON

National Energy Conservation Policy Act NECPA

National Energy Information Center NEIC

National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST

Office of Industrial Technologies OIT

Office of Scientific and Technical Information OSTI

Quadrillion British Thermal Units Quad

Research and Development R&D

State Energy Program SEP

Utility Energy Service Contract UESC

Federal Interagency Energy Policy Committee 656 Committee