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RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE HUNGARIAN

REVOLUTION AND REAFFIRMING THE FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN

THE UNITED STATES AND HUNGARY; CONDEMNING THE MURDER OF AMERICAN JOURNALIST PAUL KLEBNIKOV IN MOSCOW AND OF OTHER MEMBERS OF THE MEDIA IN THE

RUSSIAN FEDERATION; AND RECOMMENDING THE INTEGRATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA INTO NATO

MARKUP

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EUROPE AND 

EMERGING THREATS

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON 

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS

FIRST SESSION

ON

H. Res. 479, H. Res. 499 and H. Res. 529

NOVEMBER 16, 2005

Serial No. 109–97

Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations

Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.house.gov/international

( —relations 

(II)

COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 

HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois, Chairman 

JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa 

CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, 

Vice Chairman 

DAN BURTON, Indiana 

ELTON GALLEGLY, California 

ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida 

DANA ROHRABACHER, California 

EDWARD R. ROYCE, California 

PETER T. KING, New York 

STEVE CHABOT, Ohio 

THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado 

RON PAUL, Texas 

DARRELL ISSA, California 

JEFF FLAKE, Arizona 

JO ANN DAVIS, Virginia 

MARK GREEN, Wisconsin 

JERRY WELLER, Illinois 

MIKE PENCE, Indiana 

THADDEUS G. MCCOTTER, Michigan 

KATHERINE HARRIS, Florida 

JOE WILSON, South Carolina 

JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas 

J. GRESHAM BARRETT, South Carolina 

CONNIE MACK, Florida 

JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska 

MICHAEL MCCAUL, Texas 

TED POE, Texas 

TOM LANTOS, California 

HOWARD L. BERMAN, California 

GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York 

ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American 

Samoa 

DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey 

ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey 

SHERROD BROWN, Ohio 

BRAD SHERMAN, California 

ROBERT WEXLER, Florida 

ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York 

WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts 

GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York 

BARBARA LEE, California 

JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York 

EARL BLUMENAUER, Oregon 

SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada 

GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California 

ADAM B. SCHIFF, California 

DIANE E. WATSON, California 

ADAM SMITH, Washington 

BETTY MCCOLLUM, Minnesota 

BEN CHANDLER, Kentucky 

DENNIS A. CARDOZA, California 

THOMAS E. MOONEY, SR., Staff Director/General Counsel 

ROBERT R. KING, Democratic Staff Director 

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EUROPE AND EMERGING THREATS

ELTON GALLEGLY, California, Chairman 

JO ANN DAVIS, Virginia 

PETER T. KING, New York, Vice Chairman 

THADDEUS G. McCOTTER, Michigan 

DARRELL ISSA, California 

TED POE, Texas 

J. GRESHAM BARRETT, South Carolina 

ROBERT WEXLER, Florida 

ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York 

SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada 

GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California 

ADAM B. SCHIFF, California 

BEN CHANDLER, Kentucky 

RICHARD MEREU, Subcommittee Staff Director 

JONATHAN KATZ, Democratic Professional Staff Member 

PATRICK PRISCO, Professional Staff Member 

BEVERLY HALLOCK, Staff Associate 

(III)

C O N T E N T S 

Page

MARKUP OF 

H. Res. 479, Recognizing the 50th Anniversary of the Hungarian Revolution 

that began on October 23, 1956 and reaffirming the friendship between 

the people and governments of the United States and Hungary ..................... 2

Amendment to H. Res. 479 offered by the Honorable Elton Gallegly, a 

Representative in Congress from the State of California, and Chairman, 

Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats .......................................... 6

H. Res. 499, Condemning the murder of American journalist Paul Klebnikov 

on July 9, 2004, in Moscow and the murders of other members of the 

media in the Russian Federation ........................................................................ 8

H. Res. 529, Recommending the integration of the Republic of Croatia into 

the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ............................................................ 11

Amendment to H. Res. 499 offered by the Honorable Robert Wexler, a 

Representative in Congress from the State of Florida .................................. 15

(1)

RECOGNIZING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE HUNGARIAN 

REVOLUTION AND REAFFIRMING THE FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND HUNGARY; CONDEMNING THE MURDER OF AMERICAN JOURNALIST PAUL 

KLEBNIKOV IN MOSCOW AND OF OTHER MEMBERS OF 

THE MEDIA IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION; AND RECOMMENDING THE INTEGRATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA INTO NATO 

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 2005

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EUROPE AND EMERGING THREATS, 

COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, 

Washington, DC. 

The Subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:45 a.m. in room 

2200, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Elton Gallegly (Chairman of the Subcommittee) presiding. 

Mr. GALLEGLY. Pursuant to notice, I call up resolution H. Res. 

479 for purposes of markup and move its recommendation to the 

Full Committee. Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and open for amendment at any point. 

[H. Res. 479 follows:]

2

1

IV

109TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. RES. 479

Recognizing the 50th Anniversary of the Hungarian Revolution that began

on October 23, 1956 and reaffirming the friendship between the people

and governments of the United States and Hungary.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

OCTOBER 6, 2005

Mr. LANTOS (for himself and Mr. HYDE) submitted the following resolution;

which was referred to the Committee on International Relations

RESOLUTION

Recognizing the 50th Anniversary of the Hungarian Revolution that began on October 23, 1956 and reaffirming

the friendship between the people and governments of

the United States and Hungary.

Whereas on October 23, 1956, university students marching

through the streets of Budapest were joined by workers

and others until their numbers reached some 100,000

Hungarian citizens protesting against the communist

government of Hungary and its domination by the Soviet

Union, whereupon the Hungarian Security Police opened

fire on the crowd and killed hundreds;

Whereas the Hungarian government under Prime Minister

Imre Nagy released political prisoners, including major

church leaders, took steps to establish a multi-party deVerDate Mar 21 2002 09:40 Jan 10, 2006 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\EET\111605M\24597.000 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL

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HRES 479 IH

mocracy, called for the withdrawal of all Soviet troops

from Hungary, announced Hungary’s withdrawal from

the Warsaw Pact, and requested United Nations assistance in establishing Hungarian neutrality;

Whereas the Soviet Union launched a massive military counteroffensive against the revolt on November 4, 1956,

sending tens of thousands of additional troops from the

Soviet Union and launched air strikes, artillery bombardments and coordinated tank-infantry actions involving

some 6,000 tanks which, remarkably, the outnumbered

and under-equipped Hungarian Army and Hungarian

workers resisted for several days;

Whereas Prime Minister Imre Nagy was seized by Soviet security forces despite assurances of safe passage for him

to leave the Yugoslav Embassy in Budapest where he

sought asylum, and he was taken to Romania and was

subsequently tried and executed;

Whereas an estimated one thousand two hundred Hungarians

were tried and executed by the post-1956 Hungarian government;

Whereas an estimated 200,000 Hungarians fled their country

in the aftermath of the Soviet suppression of the Hungarian uprising, and over 47,000 of these people eventually were able to settle in the United States, where they

have contributed to the cultural diversity and the economic strength of this country;

Whereas the uprising of the Hungarian people in 1956 dramatically confirmed the widespread contempt in which

the Hungarians held the Soviet Union and the underlying

weakness of the communist system imposed by Soviet authorities in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as the


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HRES 479 IH

strength of popular support for democratic principles and

the right of the Hungarian people to determine their own

national destiny;

Whereas on October 23, 1989, the Republic of Hungary proclaimed its independence, and in 1990 the Hungarian

Parliament officially designated October 23 as a Hungarian national holiday, indicating that the legacy of the

1956 Revolution continues to inspire Hungarians to this

day;

Whereas the people of Hungary are beginning a year-long

celebration to mark the 50th anniversary of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956;

Whereas on March 12, 1999, the Government of Hungary,

reflecting the will of the Hungarian people, formally acceded to the North Atlantic Treaty and became a member of NATO and on May 1, 2005, Hungary became a

full member of the European Union; and

Whereas Hungary and the United States continue to expand

their friendship and cooperation in all realms: Now,

therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

2 (1) commends the people of Hungary as they

3 mark the 50th anniversary of the 1956 Hungarian

4 Revolution which set the stage for the ultimate col5 lapse of communism in 1989 throughout Central

6 and Eastern Europe, including Hungary, and two

7 years later in the Soviet Union itself;

8 (2) expresses condolences to the people of Hun9 gary for those who lost their lives fighting for the


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HRES 479 IH

1 cause of Hungarian freedom and independence in

2 1956, as well as for those individuals executed by

3 the Soviet and Hungarian communist authorities in

4 the five years following the Revolution, including

5 Prime Minister Imre Nagy;

6 (3) welcomes the changes that have taken place

7 in Hungary since 1989, believing that Hungary’s in8 tegration into NATO and the European Union, to9 gether with similar developments in the neighboring

10 countries, will ensure peace, stability, and under11 standing among the great peoples of the Carpathian

12 Basin; and

13 (4) reaffirms the friendship and cooperative re14 lations between the governments of Hungary and the

15 United States and between the Hungarian and

16 American people.

Æ


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Mr. GALLEGLY. Today, the Subcommittee on Europe and Emerging Threats is marking up three resolutions, all of which we expect 

to be considered later today by the Full Committee. 

The first item on the agenda is House Resolution 479, a resolution introduced by Congressman Lantos, the Ranking Member of 

the Committee, which recognizes the 50th anniversary of the Hungarian revolution, which began on October 23, 1956. It is estimated 

that 3,000 to 4,000 Hungarian freedom fighters and 700 Soviet 

troops were killed during the uprising and tens of thousands more 

were injured. The resolution also reaffirms the friendship between 

the people and governments of the United States and Hungary. 

I am a co-sponsor and supporter of H. Res. 479. In the interest 

of time, I will dispense with a longer statement. Let me just say 

that the bravery and sacrifice of the Hungarian people was an important event in the weakening and eventual downfall of the Soviet 

Union. I think it is more than appropriate that the House recognizes this important historical event. 

I urge passage of H. Res. 479, and now recognize my good friend 

and Ranking Member, Rob Wexler, for the purposes of an opening 

statement. 

Mr. WEXLER. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I just would simply 

wish to associate myself with your words. I, too, am a co-sponsor 

and strong supporter of the resolution and I concur with you entirely. 

Mr. GALLEGLY. This is just overwhelming. What can I tell you? 

Thank you, Rob. 

I have an amendment at the desk which, without objection, will 

be considered as read. 

I am offering this amendment at the request of Congressman 

Lantos. It simply corrects an error in the legislation by changing 

the date of May 1, 2005, to May 1, 2004, when it refers to the date 

of Hungary’s entry into the European Union. 

[The amendment referred to follows:]

Mr. GALLEGLY. The question now occurs on the amendment. All 

in favor say aye, all opposed, nay. 

The ayes have it. 

The amendment is agreed to. Do we have any other amendments? 

Mr. ISSA. I call for the question on the resolution. 


24597a.eps
7

Mr. GALLEGLY. The question occurs on the motion to report the 

resolution, H. Res. 479, favorably, as amended. 

All those in favor signify by saying aye, all opposed, no. 

The motion is approved and the resolution is reported favorably. 

We have two more. 

Pursuant to notice, I call up H. Res. 499 for the purposes of 

markup and move its recommendation to the Full Committee. 

Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and 

open for amendment at any time. 

The second item on the agenda today is the consideration of 

House Resolution 499, a resolution condemning the murder of an 

American journalist, Paul Klebnikov, on July 9, 2004, in Moscow 

and the murder of other members of the media in the Russian Federation. House resolution 499 was introduced by Congressman 

McCotter. I commend Mr. McCotter for his work on this legislation 

and strongly support its passage. 

On July 9, 2004, Paul Klebnikov, the Editor-in-Chief of the Russian edition of Forbes magazine, was shot 10 times outside his office building in Moscow. As part of his work, Mr. Klebnikov had developed into one of the foremost experts in the intersection between 

organized crime, politics, law enforcement and big business in Russia. Unfortunately, the murder of Paul Klebnikov is not an isolated 

attack on members of the press. In the past 6 years alone, 12 journalists have been murdered in the Russian Federation. 

House Resolution 499 condemns the brutal crime and urges the 

Russian Government to protect members of the press working and 

living in Russia. I urge the passage of this resolution and at this 

time yield to my friend, Rob Wexler, for an opening statement. 

[H. Res. 499 follows:]

8

1

IV

109TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. RES. 499

Condemning the murder of American journalist Paul Klebnikov on July 9,

2004, in Moscow and the murders of other members of the media

in the Russian Federation.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

OCTOBER 18, 2005

Mr. MCCOTTER submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the

Committee on International Relations

RESOLUTION

Condemning the murder of American journalist Paul

Klebnikov on July 9, 2004, in Moscow and the murders

of other members of the media in the Russian Federation.

Whereas on July 9, 2004, American journalist Paul

Klebnikov was murdered by gunmen as he exited the

Moscow offices of Forbes Magazine;

Whereas twelve journalists have been murdered in the Russian Federation since the Putin administration took office, and Mr. Klebnikov was the first and only United

States citizen among these journalists;

Whereas the Department of State’s 2004 Country Reports on

Human Rights Practices claims government pressure in

Russia continues to weaken freedom of expression and


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•HRES 499 IH

the independence and freedom of the media, particularly

among the major national television networks and regional media outlets;

Whereas this repression of free speech in Russia has engendered the belief that journalists can be intimidated and

killed with impunity;

Whereas the Government of Russia claims Mr. Klebnikov’s

murder was ordered by Khozh-Akhmed Nukhayev, a fugitive Chechen warlord; and

Whereas a group of United States investigative journalists

who doubt the Russian Government’s claim has launched

its own inquiry into the death of Mr. Klebnikov: Now,

therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

2 (1) condemns the murder of American jour3 nalist Paul Klebnikov on July 9, 2004, in Moscow

4 and the murders of other members of the media in

5 the Russian Federation;

6 (2) urges the Government of Russia to continue

7 its inquiries into the murder of Mr. Klebnikov;

8 (3) urges the Government of Russia to take ap9 propriate action to protect the independence and

10 freedom of the Russian media and all visiting mem11 bers of the media; and

12 (4) commends all journalists working and living

13 in Russia for their courageous dedication to trans14 parency and the truth.

Æ


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Mr. WEXLER. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I concur again with 

your comments and am pleased to move the bill. 

Mr. GALLEGLY. Are there any amendments? 

Hearing none, then the question occurs on the motion to report 

the resolution, H. Res. 499, favorably. All those in favor say aye, 

opposed, no. The motion is approved and the resolution is reported 

favorably, and without objection, the title is amended. 

Pursuant to notice, I call up resolution H. Res. 529 for purposes 

of markup and move its recommendation to the Full Committee. 

Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and 

open for amendment at any point. 

[H. Res. 529 follows:]

11

1

IV

109TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. RES. 529

Recommending the integration of the Republic of Croatia into the North

Atlantic Treaty Organization.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

NOVEMBER 2, 2005

Mr. GALLEGLY (for himself, Mr. RADANOVICH, and Mr. VISCLOSKY) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on

International Relations

RESOLUTION

Recommending the integration of the Republic of Croatia

into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Whereas the United States recognized the Republic of Croatia on April 7, 1992, acknowledging the decision of the

people of Croatia to live in an independent, democratic,

and sovereign country;

Whereas since achieving their independence, the people of

Croatia have built a democratic society, based on the rule

of law, respect for human rights, and a free market economy;

Whereas Croatia is a functioning democracy, with stable institutions guaranteeing the rule of law, human rights,

and market economy;


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•HRES 529 IH

Whereas Croatia has previously cooperated with the North

Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) by allowing NATO

free access to its air space during NATO’s 1999 military

action against Serbia;

Whereas the United States has shown support for Croatia in

many ways since its independence, including by providing

Croatia with economic and military assistance that has

contributed significantly to the continued success;

Whereas Croatia is a reliable partner of the United States,

actively contributing to the stabilization of South Central

Europe;

Whereas NATO’s Membership Action Plan, which was

launched in April 1999, is a program of assistance that

provides both goals and a roadmap for countries aspiring

to NATO membership;

Whereas Croatia was invited into the Membership Action

Plan in May 2002 and has made substantial progress in

attaining the necessary level of reforms required for receiving an invitation to start accession talks with NATO;

Whereas the United States, Croatia, Albania, and Macedonia

are signatories to the United States-Adriatic Charter,

which promotes Euro-Atlantic integration and commits

the signatory nations to the values and principles of

NATO and to joining the Alliance at the earliest possible

time;

Whereas Croatia’s cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has improved significantly and Prime Minister Ivo Sanader has

affirmed the Government of Croatia’s commitment to cooperate fully and take all necessary steps to ensure that


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•HRES 529 IH

the remaining indictee is located and transferred to the

ICTY;

Whereas on October 3, 2005, the European Union decided to

open accession negotiations with Croatia based on the assessment of its Council of Ministers that Croatia met the

political and economic criteria for candidacy in the European Union, including that Croatia was fully cooperating

with the ICTY;

Whereas Croatia has sent troops to Afghanistan as part of

the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force

(ISAF) in support of the war against terrorism and has

endorsed and is participating in the Proliferation Security Initiative with like-minded nations across the world

to prevent the flow of weapons of mass destruction, missile systems, and related material; and

Whereas Croatia shares the common interests and values of

the free and democratic world: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That it is the sense of the House of Rep2 resentatives that—

3 (1) the Republic of Croatia has made signifi4 cant progress since its independence in strength5 ening its democratic institutions and respect for

6 human rights and the rule of law;

7 (2) Croatia should be commended for its

8 progress in meeting the political, economic, military,

9 and other requirements of NATO’s Membership Ac10 tion Plan, its contribution to the global war on terVerDate Mar 21 2002 09:40 Jan 10, 2006 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\EET\111605M\24597.000 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL

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•HRES 529 IH

1 rorism, and for its constructive participation in the

2 United States-Adriatic Charter;

3 (3) the Government of Croatia should be com4 mended for the significant improvement in its co5 operation with the International Criminal Tribunal

6 for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and it should con7 tinue to take all necessary steps to ensure that the

8 remaining indictee is located and transferred to the

9 ICTY;

10 (4) Croatia would make a significant contribu11 tion to NATO; and

12 (5) with complete satisfaction of NATO guide13 lines and criteria for membership, Croatia should be

14 invited to be a full member of the North Atlantic

15 Treaty Organization at the earliest possible date.

Æ


24597c.AAE
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Mr. GALLEGLY. The final piece of legislation on the agenda today 

is the consideration of House Resolution 529, a resolution I introduced that supports the integration of Croatia into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 

Since achieving their independence in 1992, the people of Croatia 

have built a democratic society based on the rule of law, respect for 

human rights and a free market economy. In addition, they have 

sent troops to Afghanistan as part of the NATO-led security force 

in support of the war on terrorism and have provided strong support to United States nonproliferation efforts. 

House Resolution 529 commends Croatia’s significant progress in 

strengthening its democratic institutions, its support for the global 

war on terrorism and its ability to make significant contributions 

to NATO. The resolution also calls on Croatia to continue its full 

cooperation in locating and transferring any Croatian war criminals to the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Finally, the resolution states that once it meets NATO 

guidelines and criteria for membership, Croatia should be invited 

to join NATO. 

I urge the passage of H. Res. 529. I yield to the gentleman from 

Florida, Mr. Wexler. 

Mr. WEXLER. Mr. Chairman, I simply want to reiterate your 

words. This is your bill. It is an important statement of congressional support for Croatia’s membership in NATO. It is very timely 

and I concur entirely with the Chairman. 

I have an amendment, Mr. Chairman, when you are ready, on 

behalf of Mr. Lantos. 

Mr. GALLEGLY. I would think the time is right. 

[The amendment referred to follows:]

Mr. GALLEGLY. Without objection, the gentleman is recognized 

for the purposes of offering the amendment. 

Mr. WEXLER. The amendment is on behalf of Mr. Lantos. As I 

understand it, it requests that the matter described in paragraph 

3 be inserted in page 4, line 13. 


24597b.eps
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Mr. GALLEGLY. I would concur with the gentleman and support 

this amendment offered by Mr. Wexler. I believe that the language 

clarifies the full cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal in The Hague, it is a precondition of Croatia entering NATO. 

I thank you for offering the amendment. 

Is there further discussion? 

Mr. WEXLER. Mr. Chairman, with your permission, may I be listed as a co-sponsor of this bill? 

Mr. GALLEGLY. Without objection. 

Mr. ISSA. Mr. Chairman, could I also be listed? 

Mr. GALLEGLY. Without objection. The question occurs on the 

amendment. All those in favor say aye, opposed, no. 

The amendment is agreed to. 

The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution, H. 

Res. 529, favorably, as amended. 

All those in favor say aye, opposed, no. 

The motion is approved and the resolution is reported favorably. 

Without objection, the resolution will be reported favorably to the 

Full Committee in the form of a single amendment in the nature 

of a substitute incorporating the amendments adopted here today. 

Without objection, the staff is directed to make any technical and 

conforming amendments. 

With that, I thank all of you. 

Do you have a comment, Mr. McCotter? 

Mr. MCCOTTER. Mr. Chairman, I want to, number one, thank you 

and your staff for your help with my resolution. I would have been 

here sooner, but our congressional delegation is meeting with our 

governor as I speak, and I will be returning there. I meant no disrespect to you. 

Mr. GALLEGLY. I thank you for your resolution and participation, 

it was such a good one and it moved right through quickly. With 

that, the Subcommittee stands adjourned. 

[Whereupon, at 9:59 a.m., the Subcommittee was adjourned.]

Æ