U.S. Sentencing Commission

Special Post-Booker Coding Project

Information for All Cases

—

Cases Sentenced Subsequent to U.S. v Booker

(Data Extraction as of July 12, 2005)

Prepared: August 3, 2005
 

U.S. SENTENCING COMMISSION

SPECIAL POST-BOOKER CODING PROJECT

DATA EXTRACTION DATE: JULY 12, 2005

CONTENTS

 page

NATIONAL DATA

Comparison of Sentence Imposed And Position Relative to 

the Post-Booker Guideline Range ....................................1

Most Frequently Applied Guidelines: Comparison of Sentence

Imposed And Position Relative to the Guideline Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Offenders Sentenced for Each Chapter Two Guideline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

CIRCUIT AND DISTRICT DATA

Guideline Offenders in Each Circuit and District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Guideline Application Trends: National and Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

SENTENCE LENGTHS – MOST FREQUENTLY 

APPLIED GUIDELINES

Distribution of Offenders Receiving Sentencing Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Average and Median Sentence Imposed: Fiscal Years 1999-2000 . . . . . . . . . . 14

Average and Median Sentence Imposed: Fiscal Years 2001-2002 . . . . . . . . . . 15

Average and Median Sentence Imposed: Fiscal Year 2003 and Post-Booker . . 16
NATIONAL

COMPARISON OF SENTENCE IMPOSED

AND POSITION RELATIVE TO THE GUIDELINE RANGE

Cases Sentenced Subsequent to US v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on July 12, 2005

N %

TOTAL1 26,647 100.0

WITHIN GUIDELINE RANGE 16,345 61.3

DEPARTURE ABOVE GUIDELINE RANGE 89 0.3

 Upward Departure from the Guideline Range2 59 0.2

 Upward Departure with Booker/18 USC §35533 30 0.1

OTHERWISE ABOVE THE GUIDELINE RANGE 306 1.1

 Above the Range with Booker/18 USC §35534 172 0.6

 All Remaining Cases Above the Guideline Range5 134 0.5

GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED BELOW RANGE 6,410 24.1

 §5K1.1 Substantial Assistance Departure 3,964 14.9

 §5K3.1 Early Disposition Program Departure 1,709 6.4

 Government-Sponsored Departure6 737 2.8

DEPARTURE BELOW GUIDELINE RANGE 900 3.4

 Downward Departure from the Guideline Range2 637 2.4

 Downward Departure with Booker/18 USC §35533 263 1.0

OTHERWISE BELOW THE GUIDELINE RANGE 2,597 9.7

 Below the Range with Booker/18 USC §35534 1,624 6.1

 All Remaining Cases Below the Guideline Range5 973 3.7

1

This table reflects the 27,613 cases sentenced subsequent to the US v. Booker decision on January 12, 2005, with court documentation

cumulatively received, coded, and edited at the U.S. Sentencing Commission by July 12, 2005. Of this total, there are 966 cases excluded

for one of two general reasons. Some excluded cases involve certain Class A misdemeanors or other offenses which do not reference

a sentencing guideline. Other excluded cases have information missing from the submitted documents that prevents the comparison of

the sentence and the guideline range. As missing documents are received, subsequent U.S. Sentencing Commission data releases will

incorporate the new information.

2

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range and citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and

specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual. 3

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically

identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual, and additionally mentioning either US

v. Booker, 18 USC §3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range. 4

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range mentioning only US v. Booker, 18 USC §3553, or related factors as a

reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range. 

5

Cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range that do not fall into the three previous categories. Based on the information

submitted on the Statement of Reasons, these cases cannot be classified as a guideline departure, or as a sentence outside the guideline

range pursuant to Booker/18 USC §3553. This category includes cases which cite departure reasons that are not affirmatively and

specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and cases which do not

provide any reason for the sentence outside of the guideline range.

6

Cases with a reason for departure indicating that the prosecution initiates, proposes, or stipulates to a sentence outside of the guideline

range, either pursuant to a plea agreement or as part of a non-plea negotiation with the defendant.

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extraction on July 12, 2005; table

prepared on August 3, 2005). Numbers may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

1
MOST FREQUENTLY APPLIED GUIDELINES: COMPARISON OF SENTENCE IMPOSED

AND POSITION RELATIVE TO THE GUIDELINE RANGE

Cases Sentenced Subsequent to US v. Booker with Data Available to USSC on July 12, 2005

 

Four Most Frequently Applied Primary Guidelines

All

Cases

§2D1.1

Drug

Trafficking

§2L1.2

Unlawful

Entry

§2K2.1

Firearms

§2B1.1

Theft and

Fraud

N% N% N% N% N%

TOTAL1 26,647 100.0 9,267 100.0 4,094 100.1 2,703 100.0 2,614 100.0

WITHIN GUIDELINE RANGE 16,345 61.3 4,970 53.6 2,278 55.6 1,882 69.6 1,837 70.3

DEPARTURE ABOVE GUIDELINE 89 0.3 4 0.0 10 0.2 13 0.5 15 0.6

Upward Departure from the Guideline Range2 59 0.2 4 0.0 6 0.1 10 0.4 9 0.3

Upward Departure with Booker/18 USC §35533 30 0.1 0 0.0 4 0.1 3 0.1 6 0.2

OTHERWISE ABOVE THE RANGE 306 1.1 42 0.5 39 1.0 43 1.6 61 2.3

Above the Range with Booker/18 USC §35534 172 0.6 26 0.3 26 0.6 20 0.7 31 1.2

All Remaining Cases Above the Guideline Range5 134 0.5 16 0.2 13 0.3 23 0.9 30 1.1

GOVERNMENT BELOW GUIDELINE 6,410 24.1 3,029 32.7 1,328 32.4 360 13.4 310 11.9

§5K1.1 Substantial Assistance Departure 3,964 14.9 2,455 26.5 25 0.6 277 10.3 257 9.8

§5K3.1 Early Disposition Program Departure 1,709 6.4 347 3.7 1,178 28.8 10 0.4 5 0.2

Government-Sponsored Departure6 737 2.8 227 2.5 125 3.0 73 2.7 48 1.8

DEPARTURE BELOW GUIDELINE 900 3.4 280 3.0 151 3.3 119 4.4 91 3.5

Downward Departure from the Guideline Range2 637 2.4 208 2.2 110 2.7 71 2.6 59 2.3

Downward Departure with Booker/18USC §35533 263 1.0 72 0.8 41 1.0 48 1.8 32 1.2

OTHERWISE BELOW THE RANGE 2,597 9.7 942 10.2 288 7.5 286 10.5 300 11.5

Below the Range with Booker/18 USC §35534 1,624 6.1 625 6.7 182 4.4 182 6.7 164 6.3

All Remaining Cases Below the Guideline Range5 973 3.7 317 3.4 106 2.6 104 3.8 136 5.2

1

This table reflects the 27,613 cases sentenced subsequent to the US v. Booker decision on January 12, 2005, with court documentation

cumulatively received, coded, and edited at the U.S. Sentencing Commission by July 12, 2005. Of this total, there are 966 cases excluded for

one of two general reasons. Some excluded cases involve certain Class A misdemeanors or other offenses which do not reference a sentencing

guideline. Other excluded cases have information missing from the submitted documents that prevents the comparison of the sentence and the

guideline range. As missing documents are received, subsequent U.S. Sentencing Commission data releases will incorporate the new

information.

2

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range and citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically

identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual. 3

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range citing reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically

identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual, and additionally mentioning either US v.

Booker, 18 USC §3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range. 4

All cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range mentioning only US v. Booker, 18 USC §3553, or related factors as a reason

for a sentence outside of the guideline range. 

5

Cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range that do not fall into the three previous categories. Based on the information

submitted on the Statement of Reasons, these cases cannot be classified as a guideline departure, or as a sentence outside the guideline range

pursuant to Booker/18 USC §3553. This category includes cases which cite departure reasons that are not affirmatively and specifically identified

in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and cases which do not provide any reason for the sentence

outside of the guideline range.

6

Cases with a reason for departure indicating that the prosecution initiates, proposes, or stipulates to a sentence outside of the guideline range,

either pursuant to a plea agreement or as part of a non-plea negotiation with the defendant.

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extraction on July 12, 2005; table prepared

on August 3, 2005). Cases with multiple guideline calcuations are classified by the guideline with the highest offense level. Numbers may not

sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

2
3

Guideline n% n% Guideline n% n%

2A1.1 61 0.2 67 0.2 2D1.8 25 0.1 49 0.2

2A1.2 13 0.1 17 0.1 2D1.9 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A1.3 4 0.0 4 0.0 2D1.10 12 0.0 13 0.0

2A1.4 18 0.1 18 0.1 2D1.11 75 0.3 88 0.3

2A1.5 4 0.0 12 0.0 2D1.12 18 0.1 33 0.1

2A2.1 9 0.0 19 0.1 2D1.13 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A2.2 145 0.6 165 0.6 2D2.1 158 0.6 198 0.7

2A2.3 14 0.1 16 0.1 2D2.2 11 0.0 14 0.0

2A2.4 46 0.2 56 0.2 2D2.3 1 0.0 1 0.0

2A3.1 64 0.2 68 0.2 2D3.1 3 0.0 3 0.0

2A3.2 72 0.3 85 0.3 2D3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A3.3 3 0.0 4 0.0 2D3.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A3.4 15 0.1 20 0.1 2D3.4 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A4.1 25 0.1 32 0.1 2D3.5 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A4.2 1 0.0 1 0.0 2E1.1 14 0.1 48 0.2

2A5.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2E1.2 7 0.0 45 0.2

2A5.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2E1.3 0 0.0 7 0.0

2A5.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2E1.4 6 0.0 7 0.0

2A6.1 64 0.2 68 0.2 2E1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0

2A6.2 3 0.0 7 0.0 2E2.1 16 0.1 20 0.1

2B1.1 2,711 10.6 2,963 10.5 2E3.1 50 0.2 61 0.2

2B1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2E3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B1.3 2 0.0 2 0.0 2E3.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2E4.1 14 0.1 23 0.1

2B1.5 4 0.0 4 0.0 2E5.1 9 0.0 12 0.0

2B2.1 23 0.1 25 0.1 2E5.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B2.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2E5.3 2 0.0 6 0.0

2B2.3 1 0.0 1 0.0 2E5.4 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B3.1 752 2.9 798 2.8 2E5.5 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B3.2 19 0.1 31 0.1 2E5.6 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B3.3 7 0.0 12 0.0 2F1.1 533 2.1 572 2.0

2B4.1 25 0.1 25 0.1 2F1.2 2 0.0 2 0.0

2B5.1 166 0.6 179 0.6 2G1.1 36 0.1 65 0.2

2B5.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2G1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2B5.3 57 0.2 66 0.2 2G1.3 9 0.0 9 0.0

2B5.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2G2.1 38 0.1 46 0.2

2B6.1 7 0.0 7 0.0 2G2.2 187 0.7 197 0.7

2C1.1 88 0.3 99 0.4 2G2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

2C1.2 10 0.0 10 0.0 2G2.4 179 0.7 204 0.7

2C1.3 2 0.0 2 0.0 2G2.5 1 0.0 1 0.0

2C1.4 1 0.0 1 0.0 2G3.1 8 0.0 9 0.0

2C1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 2G3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2C1.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 2H1.1 18 0.1 18 0.1

2C1.7 11 0.0 14 0.0 2H1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2D1.1 9,468 36.9 9,931 35.2 2H1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

2D1.2 129 0.5 136 0.5 2H1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0

2D1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2H1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0

2D1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2H2.1 5 0.0 6 0.0

2D1.5 10 0.0 10 0.0 2H3.1 3 0.0 4 0.0

2D1.6 12 0.0 72 0.3 2H3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2D1.7 6 0.0 7 0.0 2H3.3 4 0.0 7 0.0

As Any

Guideline

OFFENDERS SENTENCED FOR EACH CHAPTER TWO GUIDELINE1

Special Post-Booker Coding Project (Data Extracted 07/12/05)

As Primary

Guideline

As Any

Guideline

As Primary

Guideline
4

Guideline n% n% Guideline n% n%

2H4.1 4 0.0 4 0.0 2M3.9 0 0.0 0 0.0

2H4.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2M4.1 0 0.0 0 0.0

2J1.1 0 0.0 10 0.0 2M5.1 2 0.0 2 0.0

2J1.2 53 0.2 74 0.3 2M5.2 11 0.0 12 0.0

2J1.3 26 0.1 39 0.1 2M6.1 5 0.0 5 0.0

2J1.4 6 0.0 12 0.0 2M6.2 1 0.0 1 0.0

2J1.5 1 0.0 1 0.0 2N1.1 0 0.0 0 0.0

2J1.6 20 0.1 31 0.1 2N1.2 1 0.0 1 0.0

2J1.7 58 0.2 61 0.2 2N1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0

2J1.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 2N2.1 15 0.1 29 0.1

2J1.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 2N3.1 1 0.0 3 0.0

2K1.1 3 0.0 3 0.0 2P1.1 90 0.4 103 0.4

2K1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2P1.2 38 0.1 48 0.2

2K1.3 18 0.1 19 0.1 2P1.3 7 0.0 7 0.0

2K1.4 15 0.1 20 0.1 2P1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0

2K1.5 9 0.0 9 0.0 2Q1.1 0 0.0 0 0.0

2K1.6 1 0.0 1 0.0 2Q1.2 14 0.1 16 0.1

2K1.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 2Q1.3 26 0.1 26 0.1

2K2.1 2,760 10.8 2,999 10.6 2Q1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0

2K2.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2Q1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0

2K2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2Q1.6 0 0.0 0 0.0

2K2.4 1 0.0 2 0.0 2Q2.1 44 0.2 46 0.2

2K2.5 5 0.0 6 0.0 2Q2.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2K2.6 1 0.0 1 0.0 2R1.1 8 0.0 9 0.0

2K3.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2S1.1 360 1.4 437 1.6

2K3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2S1.2 9 0.0 17 0.1

2L1.1 1,184 4.6 1,218 4.3 2S1.3 102 0.4 126 0.4

2L1.2 4,149 16.2 4,200 14.9 2S1.4 0 0.0 0 0.0

2L1.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.1 214 0.8 268 1.0

2L2.1 186 0.7 200 0.7 2T1.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2L2.2 360 1.4 391 1.4 2T1.3 1 0.0 1 0.0

2L2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.4 48 0.2 51 0.2

2L2.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0

2L2.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.6 4 0.0 5 0.0

2M1.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.7 0 0.0 0 0.0

2M2.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.8 0 0.0 0 0.0

2M2.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T1.9 2 0.0 5 0.0

2M2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T2.1 0 0.0 0 0.0

2M2.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T2.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2M3.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T3.1 15 0.1 19 0.1

2M3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2T3.2 0 0.0 0 0.0

2M3.3 1 0.0 1 0.0 2T4.1 0 0.0 0 0.0

2M3.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2X1.1 45 0.2 555 2.0

2M3.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 2X2.1 0 0.0 24 0.1

2M3.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 2X3.1 49 0.2 55 0.2

2M3.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 2X4.1 170 0.7 178 0.6

2M3.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 2X5.1 0 0.0 20 0.1

28,193

25,659

1Of the 27,613 cases, 1,954 were excluded due to missing guideline applied. The total for any guideline can exceed that for primary guideline because a case can

have several guidelines applied, but only one primary guideline.

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted July 12, 2005; table prepared August 3, 2005).

Percents may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

Total number of guidelines applied:

Number of cases with at least one guideline applied:

Guideline

As Primary As Any As Primary As Any

Guideline Guideline Guideline

(continued)
5

CIRCUIT CIRCUIT

District Number Percent District Number Percent

TOTAL 27,613 100.0

FIFTH CIRCUIT 6,170 22.3

D.C. CIRCUIT 231 0.8 Louisiana

District of Columbia 231 0.8 Eastern 125 0.5

 Middle 80 0.3

FIRST CIRCUIT 657 2.4 Western 193 0.7

Maine 107 0.4 Mississippi

Massachusetts 212 0.8 Northern 87 0.3

New Hampshire 83 0.3 Southern 184 0.7

Puerto Rico 205 0.7 Texas

Rhode Island 50 0.2 Eastern 353 1.3

 Northern 395 1.4

SECOND CIRCUIT 1,318 4.8 Southern 2,723 9.9

Connecticut 152 0.6 Western 2,030 7.4

New York

 Eastern 521 1.9 SIXTH CIRCUIT 2,081 7.5

 Northern 153 0.6 Kentucky

 Southern 134 0.5 Eastern 182 0.7

 Western 272 1.0 Western 165 0.6

Vermont 86 0.3 Michigan

 Eastern 281 1.0

THIRD CIRCUIT 1,429 5.2 Western 161 0.6

Delaware 80 0.3 Ohio

New Jersey 434 1.6 Northern 356 1.3

Pennsylvania Southern 258 0.9

 Eastern 435 1.6 Tennessee

 Middle 276 1.0 Eastern 283 1.0

 Western 166 0.6 Middle 125 0.5

Virgin Islands 38 0.1 Western 270 1.0

FOURTH CIRCUIT 2,543 9.2 SEVENTH CIRCUIT 1,250 4.5

Maryland 301 1.1 Illinois

North Carolina Central 181 0.7

 Eastern 255 0.9 Northern 435 1.6

 Middle 188 0.7 Southern 106 0.4

 Western 190 0.7 Indiana

South Carolina 462 1.7 Northern 186 0.7

Virginia Southern 111 0.4

 Eastern 597 2.2 Wisconsin

 Western 276 1.0 Eastern 151 0.5

West Virginia Western 80 0.3

 Northern 120 0.4

 Southern 154 0.6

GUIDELINE OFFENDERS IN EACH CIRCUIT AND DISTRICT

Special Post-Booker Coding Project (Data Extracted 07/12/05)
6

CIRCUIT CIRCUIT

District Number Percent District Number Percent

EIGHTH CIRCUIT 2,057 7.4 TENTH CIRCUIT 2,143 7.8

Arkansas Colorado 258 0.9

 Eastern 110 0.4 Kansas 283 1.0

 Western 77 0.3 New Mexico 937 3.4

Iowa Oklahoma

 Northern 154 0.6 Eastern 48 0.2

 Southern 160 0.6 Northern 72 0.3

Minnesota 208 0.8 Western 98 0.4

Missouri Utah 363 1.3

 Eastern 421 1.5 Wyoming 84 0.3

 Western 267 1.0

Nebraska 389 1.4 ELEVENTH CIRCUIT 2,538 9.2

North Dakota 84 0.3 Alabama

South Dakota 187 0.7 Middle 74 0.3

 Northern 157 0.6

NINTH CIRCUIT 5,196 18.8 Southern 105 0.4

Alaska 97 0.4 Florida

Arizona 1,676 6.1 Middle 737 2.7

California Northern 138 0.5

 Central 404 1.5 Southern 750 2.7

 Eastern 361 1.3 Georgia

 Northern 270 1.0 Middle 157 0.6

 Southern 991 3.6 Northern 257 0.9

Guam 24 0.1 Southern 163 0.6

Hawaii 201 0.7

Idaho 93 0.3

Montana 170 0.6

Nevada 184 0.7

Northern Mariana Islands 13 0.0

Oregon 220 0.8

Washington

 Eastern 176 0.6

 Western 316 1.1

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted July 12, 2005; table prepared

August 3, 2005). Percents may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

(continued)
7

Guideline Application Trends, National and Circuit

Fiscal Years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and Post-Booker FY20051

(Post-Booker data extracted July 12, 2005)

NATIONAL

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 64.5% 64.0% 65.0% 69.4% 61.3%

Upward Departures 0.7% 0.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.3%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.1%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 17.9% 17.1% 17.4% 15.9% 14.9%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 6.3%4 9.2%4

Other Downward Departures 17.0%5 18.3%5 16.8%5 7.5% 3.4%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 9.7%3

DC CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 69.4% 74.6% 59.9% 64.6% 55.3%

Upward Departures 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 0.2% 0.0%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 0.9%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 19.3% 13.8% 31.1% 26.4% 23.2%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 4.4%4 7.9%4

Other Downward Departures 11.0%5 11.25 8.5%5 4.4% 3.1%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 9.6%3

FIRST CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 69.9% 73.3% 75.7% 77.3% 62.1%

Upward Departures 0.8% 0.4% 0.6% 0.7% 0.2%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 2.4%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 15.9% 14.6% 14.4% 13.5% 11.8%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 0.7%4 2.9%4

Other Downward Departures 13.4% 5 11.7% 5 9.3%5 7.8% 4.1%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 16.5%3

 (continued on next page)
8

(continued – page 2 of 6)

Guideline Application Trends, National and Circuit

Fiscal Years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and Post-Booker FY20051

SECOND CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 55.9% 57.5% 61.3% 63.2% 47.0%

Upward Departures 0.7% 0.4% 0.6% 0.5% 0.1%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 0.8%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 23.9% 21.7% 19.0% 17.5% 23.2%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 2.8%4 3.1%4

Other Downward Departures 19.6% 5 20.4% 5 19.1%5 16.0% 7.9%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 17.9%3

 THIRD CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 59.7% 60.2% 58.9% 62.3% 50.7%

Upward Departures 0.7% 0.5% 0.9% 0.9% 2.9%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.4%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 30.5% 30.6% 32.3% 28.8% 28.0%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 0.6%4 1.5%4

Other Downward Departures 9.1% 5 8.8% 5 7.9%5 7.4% 4.0%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 14.2%3

FOURTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 73.4% 73.7% 76.6% 77.0% 65.7%

Upward Departures 0.8% 0.9% 0.7% 0.6% 0.4%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 0.7%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 20.9% 20.2% 18.6% 18.3% 19.1%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 0.3%4 1.5%4

Other Downward Departures 5.0% 5 5.2% 5 4.2%5 3.8% 2.5%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 10.0%3

 (continued on next page)
9

(continued – page 3 of 6)

Guideline Application, National and Circuit

Fiscal Years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and Post-Booker FY20051

FIFTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 72.3% 69.1% 71.0% 73.7% 71.0%

Upward Departures 0.5% 0.5% 0.9% 0.9% 0.3%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.5%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 13.6% 12.3% 13.4% 12.5% 8.3%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 5.4%4 8.9%4

Other Downward Departures 13.6% 5 18.1% 5 14.7%5 7.5% 2.7%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 7.2%3

SIXTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 67.2% 65.1% 66.9% 69.1% 59.7%

Upward Departures 0.6% 0.5% 0.8% 0.4% 0.3%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.1%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 24.4% 27.2% 26.0% 24.6% 24.0%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 0.5%4 1.9%4

Other Downward Departures 7.7% 5 7.3% 5 6.3%5 5.3% 2.3%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 10.7%3

SEVENTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 69.5% 71.0% 69.3% 72.5% 61.6%

Upward Departures 1.1% 1.0% 0.8% 1.0% 0.6%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.0%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 21.7% 21.2% 21.8% 21.2% 18.2%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 0.8%4 2.2%4

Other Downward Departures 7.7% 5 6.9% 5 8.1%5 4.5% 3.6%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 12.8%3

 (continued on next page)
10

(continued – page 4 of 6)

Guideline Application Trends By Circuit

Fiscal Years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and Post-Booker FY20051

EIGHTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 65.4% 66.8% 69.3% 72.2% 63.3%

Upward Departures 1.2% 0.7% 1.2% 1.1% 0.2%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.5%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 23.1% 22.0% 18.9% 17.6% 15.3%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 2.0%4 4.5%4

Other Downward Departures 10.3% 5 10.5% 5 10.7%5 7.1% 3.6%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 11.6%3

NINTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 49.9% 50.1% 48.8% 59.6% 49.1%

Upward Departures 0.6% 0.4% 0.7% 1.1% 0.4%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 0.7%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 11.6% 10.7% 11.8% 10.2% 10.5%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 19.2%4 27.4%4

Other Downward Departures 37.9% 5 38.7% 5 38.7%5 9.9% 3.7%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 8.2%3

TENTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 69.9% 65.0% 66.6% 73.1% 66.2%

Upward Departures 0.4% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.1%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 0.6%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 10.9% 11.0% 11.0% 9.4% 10.6%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 11.4%4 12.5%4

Other Downward Departures 18.8% 5 23.3% 5 21.9%5 5.5% 3.1%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 6.8%3

 (continued on next page)
11

(continued – page 5 of 6)

Guideline Application Trends By Circuit

Fiscal Years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and Post-Booker FY20051

ELEVENTH CIRCUIT

Position of Sentence

Relative to Guideline Range FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

FY2005

(Booker)

Within Range 71.0% 72.1 70.2% 74.5% 66.5%

Upward Departures 0.7% 0.6% 0.7% 0.8% 0.7%2

Otherwise Above Range — — — — 1.5%3

Substantial Assistance Departures 21.4% 19.9% 22.4% 19.9% 18.1%

Other Gov’t Sponsored Departures — — — 0.3%4 1.1%4

Other Downward Departures 6.9% 5 7.5% 5 6.7%5 4.5% 3.0%2

Otherwise Below Range — — — — 9.1%3

1

In 2003, the Commission augmented its data coding procedures to determine the proportion of nonsubstantial assistance downward departures that were initiated by the government. Data prior to 2003 does

not distinguish non-substantial assistance government initiated downward departures from other downward

departures. In this table, data from FY2000, 2001, and 2002 on “Other Downward Departures” includes

both government initiated and non-government initiated downward departures. For FY2003, the “Other

Downward Departures” data distinguishes departures that were initiated or supported by the government

from those not initiated/supported by the government. For example, using the national data, 6.3% of

downward departures were government initiated and 7.5% were other downward departures; the

combination of these values (13.8%) is directly comparable to the data for “Other Downward Departures”

from the preceding years. For FY2005, this table reflects cases sentenced subsequent to the US v Booker

decision on January 12, 2005, with court documentation cumulatively received, coded, and edited at the U.S.

Sentencing Commission by July 12, 2005. In these cases, a further distinction is made among below

guideline range sentences. The data report three categories of below range sentences: those

initiated/supported by the government; those not initiated by the government and citing reasons for departure

limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary

of the federal Guidelines Manual; and those mentioning only U.S. v. Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related

factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range. Cases citing both reasons for departure

limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary

of the federal Guidelines Manual and mentioning U.S. v. Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors are

included in the “Other Downward Departures” category.

2

Includes cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range and citing reasons for departure

limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy statements, or commentary

of the federal Guidelines Manual and all cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range citing

reasons for departure limited to, and affirmatively and specifically identified in the provisions, policy

statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual, and additionally mentioning either U.S. v.

Booker, 18 U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range. 3

Includes cases with imposed sentences outside of the guideline range mentioning only U.S. v. Booker, 18

U.S.C. § 3553, or related factors as a reason for a sentence outside of the guideline range and all cases with

imposed sentences outside of the guideline range that do not fall into the previous category. This category

includes cases which cite departure reasons that are not affirmatively and specifically identified in the

provisions, policy statements, or commentary of the federal Guidelines Manual and cases which do not

provide any reason for the sentence outside of the guideline range.
(continued – page 6 of 6)

4

Cases with a reason for departure indicating that the prosecution initiates, proposes, or stipulates to a

sentence outside of the guideline range, either pursuant to a plea agreement or as part of a non-plea

negotiation with the defendant. Note that §5K3.1 (Early Disposition Program) cases are included in this

category.

5

Includes cases in which the below range sentence was initiated/supported by the government and those not

initiated/supported by the government. Prior to FY2003, the Commission did not code this distinction. 

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission Sourcebook of Federal Sentencing, FY2000 through FY2003, Table

26; Special Post-Booker Coding Project, BOOKER05 (data extracted July 12, 2005; table prepared August

3, 2005). Percents may not sum to 100 percent due to rounding.

12
N% N% N% N% N

Dru

g Traffickin

g §2D1.11 20,763 100.0 21,715 100.0 22,608 100.0 24,013 100.0 23,833 

Prison only2 19,406 93.5 20,422 94.0 21,143 93.5 22,407 93.3 22,455 Prison plus confinement conditions3 481 2.3 430 2.0 469 2.1 515 2.1 402 Probation plus confinement conditions4 400 1.9 379 1.7 488 2.2 465 1.9 469 Probation only5 476 2.3 484 2.2 508 2.2 626 2.6 507 

Immi

gration Unlawful Entr

y §2L1.21 5,547 100.0 6,341 100.0 5,946 100.0 6,993 100.0 9,167 

Prison only2 5,495 99.1 6,291 99.2 5,901 99.2 6,952 99.4 9,132 Prison plus confinement conditions3 13 0.2 10 0.2 14 0.2 7 0.1 11 Probation plus confinement conditions4 2 0.0 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 0.0 2 Probation only5 37 0.7 39 0.6 30 0.5 34 0.5 22 

Firearms §2K2.11 2,218 100.0 2,997 100.0 3,629 100.0 4,173 100.0 5,425 

Prison only2 1,976 89.1 2,604 86.9 3,177 87.5 3,680 88.2 4,779 Prison plus confinement conditions3 82 3.7 104 3.5 141 3.9 158 3.8 174 Probation plus confinement conditions4 87 3.9 147 4.9 155 4.3 139 3.3 224 Probation only5 73 3.3 142 4.7 156 4.3 196 4.7 248 

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.11 8,979 100.0 9,015 100.0 8,768 100.0 9,243 100.0 9,606 

Prison only2 4,101 45.7 4,253 47.2 4,339 49.5 4,531 49.0 4,803 Prison plus confinement conditions3 1,069 11.9 1,077 11.9 1,053 12.0 959 10.4 840 Probation plus confinement conditions4 1,543 17.2 1,540 17.1 1,481 16.9 1,421 15.4 1,463 Probation only5 2,266 25.2 2,145 23.8 1,895 21.6 2,332 25.2 2,500 

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 1999-2003 Fiscal Year Datafiles, USSCFY99-USSCFY03; Special Post-Booker Coding Proextraction on July 12, 2005; table prepared August 3, 2005).

1Sections report only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline. Cases receiving only monetary sentenc2Prison only cases receive straight prison time. 3Prison plus confinement cases receive a combination of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.4Probation plus confinement cases receive, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.5Probation only cases receive straight probation time. 

Distribution of Offenders Receivin

g Sentencin

g Options for the Most Frequentl

y Appli

Fiscal Years 1999-2003 and Post-Booker Fiscal Year 2005 (data extracted July 12, 200

FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 20
14

Average and Median Sentence Imposed1 for the 

Most Frequently Applied Guidelines

Fiscal Year 1999 and Fiscal Year 2000

Fiscal Year 1999 Fiscal Year 2000

Average

Months

 Median

Months

GL

Median2 N

Average

Months

 Median

Months

GL

Median2 N

All Cases (one guideline computation)3 51 30 48,611 50 30 51,342

Drug Trafficking §2D1.14 71 48 60 20,763 72 50 60 21,715

Prison only5 74 51 60 19,406 74 57 63 20,422

Prison plus confinement conditions6 26 10 18 481 21 10 21 430

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 12 400 6 6 12 379

Probation only8 0 0 — 476 0 0 — 484

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.24 35 30 46 5,547 36 33 46 6,341

Prison only5 35 30 46 5,495 36 33 33 6,291

Prison plus confinement conditions6 33 33 70 13 21 10 10 10

Probation plus confinement conditions7 ——— 2 ——— 1

Probation only8 0 0 — 37 0 0 — 39

Firearms §2K2.14 58 37 37 2,218 53 37 37 2,997

Prison only5 62 41 41 1,976 57 37 41 2,604

Prison plus confinement conditions6 21 10 12 82 23 10 12 104

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 12 87 7 6 12 147

Probation only8 0 0 — 73 0 0 — 142

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.14 14 10 10 8,979 14 10 10 9,015

Prison only5 18 14 15 4,101 19 15 15 4,253

Prison plus confinement conditions6 9 8 8 1,069 9 8 8 1,077

Probation plus confinement conditions7 5 6 6 1,543 5 6 6 1,540

Probation only8 0 0 — 2,266 0 0 — 2,145

1

Sentence data report the sum of imprisonment and any type of confinement as defined in USSG §5C1.1. 2

For the guideline range of the sentencing table applied to the case, the lower value of the sentencing range. 3

All statistics in the table report data for cases with one single guideline computation for the specified fiscal year. The “All Cases”

row reports all cases regardless of the one guideline applied. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded. 4

Each guideline-specific section reports only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline. 5

Prison only sentence categories report straight prison time. 

6

Prison plus confinement sentence categories report the sum of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG

§5C1.1. 

7

Probation plus confinement categories report statistics for cases receiving, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement time

as defined in USSG §5C1.1.

8

Probation only categories report cases receiving straight probation time. By definition, the confinement time is zero months for

these cases.

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 1999 and 2000 Fiscal Year Datafiles, USSCFY99 and USSCFY00.
15

Average and Median Sentence Imposed1 for the 

Most Frequently Applied Guidelines

Fiscal Year 2001 and Fiscal Year 2002

Fiscal Year 2001 Fiscal Year 2002

Average

Months

Median

Months

Lower

GL2 N

Average

Months

Median

Months

Lower

GL2 N

All Cases (one guideline computation)3 50 30 51,809 51 30 55,856

Drug Trafficking §2D1.14 70 48 60 22,608 71 51 60 24,013

Prison only5 72 51 60 21,143 74 57 57 22,407

Prison plus confinement conditions6 29 10 18 469 22 10 10 515

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 12 488 6 6 6 465

Probation only8 0 0 — 508 0 0 — 626

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.24 35 30 46 5,946 30 27 30 6,993

Prison only5 35 30 46 5,901 30 27 30 6,952

Prison plus confinement conditions6 20 10 12 14 20 10 10 7

Probation plus confinement conditions7 ——— 1 ——— 0

Probation only8 0 0 — 30 0 0 — 34

Firearms §2K2.14 52 37 37 3,629 53 37 37 4,173

Prison only5 56 40 41 3,177 57 37 37 3,680

Prison plus confinement conditions6 22 10 15 141 18 10 12 158

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 12 155 6 6 12 139

Probation only8 0 0 — 156 0 0 — 196

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.14 15 10 12 8,768 16 10 12 9,243

Prison only5 20 15 15 4,339 20 15 15 4,531

Prison plus confinement conditions6 9 8 8 1,053 9 10 10 959

Probation plus confinement conditions7 5 6 6 1,481 6 6 6 1,421

Probation only8 0 0 — 1,895 0 0 — 2,332

1

Sentence data report the sum of imprisonment and any type of confinement as defined in USSG §5C1.1. 2

For the guideline range of the sentencing table applied to the case, the lower value of the sentencing range. 3

All statistics in the table report data for cases with one single guideline computation for the specified fiscal year. The “All Cases”

row reports all cases regardless of the one guideline applied. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded. 4

Each guideline-specific section reports only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline. 5

Prison only sentence categories report straight prison time. 

6

Prison plus confinement sentence categories report the sum of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG

§5C1.1. 

7

Probation plus confinement categories report statistics for cases receiving, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement

time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.

8

Probation only categories report cases receiving straight probation time. By definition, the confinement time is zero months for

these cases.

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2001 and 2002 Fiscal Year Datafiles, USSCFY01 and USSCFY02.
16

Average and Median Sentence Imposed1 for the 

Most Frequently Applied Guidelines

Fiscal Year 2003 and Post-Booker Fiscal Year 2005 (data extracted July 12, 2005) 

Fiscal Year 2003 Post-Booker FY2005

Average

Months

Median

Months

GL

Median2 N

Average

Months

Median

Months

GL

Median2 N

All Cases (one guideline computation)3 52 30 60,786 55 33 24,241

Drug Trafficking §2D1.14 77 57 63 23,833 82 60 70 9,164

Prison only5 79 60 70 22,455 84 60 70 8,672

Prison plus confinement conditions6 20 10 15 402 19 10 21 191

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 12 469 6 6 15 129

Probation only8 0 0 — 507 0 0 — 172

Immigration Unlawful Entry §2L1.24 28 24 27 9,167 28 24 30 4,107

Prison only5 28 24 27 9,132 29 24 30 4,065

Prison plus confinement conditions6 22 10 10 11 10 10 13 8

Probation plus confinement conditions7 ——— 2 ——— 1

Probation only8 0 0 — 22 0 0 — 33

Firearms §2K2.14 56 37 37 5,425 58 37 37 2,623

Prison only5 59 41 41 4,779 61 41 41 2,336

Prison plus confinement conditions6 21 10 12 174 30 12 12 83

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 12 224 6 6 10 99

Probation only8 0 0 — 248 0 0 — 105

Theft/Fraud §2B1.1 or §2F1.14 16 12 12 9,606 20 12 15 3,086

Prison only5 21 16 18 4,803 25 18 18 1,668

Prison plus confinement conditions6 9 10 10 840 10 10 10 284

Probation plus confinement conditions7 6 6 6 1,463 6 6 6 385

Probation only8 0 0 — 2,500 0 0 — 749

1

Sentence data report the sum of imprisonment and any type of confinement as defined in USSG §5C1.1. 2

For the guideline range of the sentencing table applied to the case, the lower value of the sentencing range. 3

All statistics in the table report data for cases with one single guideline computation for the specified fiscal year. The “All Cases”

row reports all cases regardless of the one guideline applied. Cases receiving only monetary sentences are excluded. 4

Each guideline-specific section reports only cases with one single guideline application using the indicated guideline. 5

Prison only sentence categories report straight prison time. 

6

Prison plus confinement sentence categories report the sum of prison time and alternative confinement time as defined in USSG

§5C1.1. 

7

Probation plus confinement categories report statistics for cases receiving, as a condition of probation, alternative confinement

time as defined in USSG §5C1.1.

8

Probation only categories report cases receiving straight probation time. By definition, the confinement time is zero months for

these cases.

SOURCE: U.S. Sentencing Commission, 2003 Fiscal Year Datafile, USSCFY03; Special Post-Booker Coding Project BOOKER05

(data extraction on July 12, 2005; table prepared August 3, 2005).