FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE by and on behalf of CIARA GAIL CORBITT , Petitioner,

v. KYLE PATRICK ALLETAG , Respondent. ___________________________/ IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL FIRST DISTRICT, STATE OF FLORIDA
NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE MOTION FOR REHEARING AND DISPOSITION THEREOF IF FILED
CASE NO. 1D 14

- 3011

Opinion filed February 9, 2015. Petition for Writ of Certiorari

. Pamela Jo Bondi, Attorney General, and William H. Branch, Assistant Attorney General, Child Support Enforcement, Tallahassee , for Petitioner

. No appearance for Respondent

.

WETHERELL, J. The Florida Department of Revenue (DOR) petitions for a writ of certiorari to review an o rder directing the parties to submit to paternity test ing in a proceeding to establish Respondent’s child support obligation. As we have done in a number ofprior cases i nvolving similar circumstances, 1 w e grant the petition and quash the challenged or der. Factual and Procedural Background DOR filed a petition on behalf of Ciara Gail Corbitt (the mother) for an order requiring Respondent (the father) to pay child support for K.M.A. (the child). The petition alleged t hat Respondent previously acknowledged that he was the father of the child by executing an affidavit of paternity. The father filed an answer to the petition in which he summarily “disagreed” with the allegat ions in the petition and requested “DNA testing ” because he “must know [ K.M.A. ] is 100% [his] child.” The petition was referred to a child support hearing officer, Leartice W. Walton. At the hearing on the petition, the father acknowledge d that he signed the child’s birth certificate, but he asserted that he only did so b ecaus e he “was the only male present” at hospital when the child was born. The father requested a “DNA report” and, over DOR’s objection, t he hearing officer treated the father’s answer as a “petition to disestablish paternity” 2 and entered a report recommending that

1 See , e.g. , Fla. Dep’t of Revenue ex rel. McKnight v. Robinson , 58 So. 3d 356 (Fla. 1st DCA 2011); State ex rel. Carnley v. Lynch , 53 So. 3d 1154 (Fla. 1st DCA 2011); State ex rel. Sharif v. Brown , 980 So. 2d 590 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008); State ex rel. Chambers v. Travis , 971 So. 2d 157 (Fla. 1st DCA 2007); Dep’t of Revenue ex rel. Gardner v. Long , 937 So. 2d 1235 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006). 2 There are numerous problems with the hearing officer’s decision to treat the father’s answer as a petition to disestablish paternity. F irst, this court has explained that a request for DNA testing in a DOR

- initiated child support proceeding is properly viewed as a discovery request. See Travis , 971 So. 2d at 161

- 62

. Second, t he answer could not have been a petition to disestablish pater nity because the 2paternity t esting be ordered. The report did not include any factual findings; it merely stated that “[t]here is a factual basis for the entry of the proposed order” that

wa s submitted by the hearing officer with her report. The tr ial court entered the proposed “Order Granting Paternity Test”

s ubmitted by the hearing officer. The order directs the mother, the father, and the
child to “appear at a laboratory convenient to the parties . . . for the purpose of taking from them a blood or tissue sample or buccal swab for paternity testing.” DOR timely a ppealed the order to this court, but b ecause the order was not a final order or

a non - final order appealable under Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 9.130, we
treated the notice of appeal filed by DOR as having invok ed our certiorari jurisdiction. See Fla. R. App. P. 9.040(c) (“If a party seeks an improper remedy the cause shall be treated as if the proper remedy had been sought . . . .”). Analysis “To be entitled to certiorari relief, the petitioner must demonstrate [1] that the order under review departs from the essential requirements of the law and [2] that the order will cause irreparable harm that cannot be remedied via ple nary appeal.” Lynch , 53 So. 3d at 1156 . We have repeatedly held that an order

applicable statute requires such a petition to be accompanied by scientific test results showing that the petitioner is not the child’s biological father. See § 742.18(1)(b), Fla. Stat. (2014 ). Third, the hearing officer does not even have the authority to consider such a petition. See Fla. Fam. L. R. P. 12.491(e) (“A support enforcement hearing officer does not have the authority to hear contested paternity cases.”). 3erroneously requiring paternity testing constitutes irreparable harm. Id. at 1155 n.1 (citing cases). Accordingly, DOR’s entitlement to relief in this case turns on whether

t he trial court’s order departs from the essential requirements of law. An order departs from the essential requirements of law when it violates a clearly established principle of law (including controlling case law) resulting in a miscarriage of justice. Id. at 1156. Here, the challenged order violates controlling case law holding that “no party to any family law proceeding is entitled to an order requiring another party to submit to genetic testing unless (1) the proceedings place paternity ‘in controv ersy’ and (2) ‘good cause’ exists for the testing,” id. at 1156

- 57 (quoting Travis , 971 So. 2d at 162), because the record establishes that the father did not place the child’s paternity in controversy or establi sh good cause for paternity testing. The issue of paternity was not placed in controversy by the father because he did not a ssert in his answer or his testimony at the hearing that he was no t the child’s biological father; indeed, he admitted at the hearing that he signed the child’s birth

ce rtificate as the child’s father

. See Lynch , 53 So. 3d at 1157 (explaining that paternity can be placed in controversy if the purported father “files documentation alleging that he is not the biological father or by asserting that he has not acknowledged h is fatherhood in an affidavit”) . The ground asserted by the father to support his request for paternity testing

– to be 100% sure that he is the c hild’s biological father

– was insufficient as a matter of law to place paternity in 4controversy. See Brown , 980 So. 2d at 591

- 92 (finding that the father’s “preference” for a DNA test “[t]o be really sure” that he was the father did not p lace paternity in controversy).
Moreove r, even if paternity had been placed in controversy , the father did not establish good cause for paternity t esting. To establish good cause, the father must allege (and ultimately prove) that he signed the paternity affidavit on the birth certificate due to fraud, duress , or a material mistake of fact, § 742.10 (4), Fla. Stat. (2014 ), or th at there is newly discovered evidence of the paternity of the child, § 742.18(1). See Travis , 971 So. 2d at 16 2 (“Absent any allegation or proof of fraud, duress, material mistake of fact, or newly discovered evidence, no good cause was shown to justify t he hearing officer’s recommendation to require the mother and child to submit to DNA testing.”). The father’s assertion that he only signed the paternity affidavit because he “was the only male present ” when the child was born and that he wanted to be “100 % sure” that he was the child’s father is insufficient as a matter of law to establish good cause for paternity testing. Conclusion
F or the reasons stated above, we grant DOR’s petition for a writ of certiorari and quash the trial court’s order requiring the parties to submit to paternity t esting. PETITION GRANTED; ORDER QUASHED.
BENTON an d SWANSON, JJ., CONCUR.

5