2004 Edition of the Drinking 

Water Standards and Health 

Advisories 
2004 Edition of the Drinking Water 

Standards and Health Advisories 

EPA 822-R-04-005

Office of Water

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Washington, DC

Winter 2004

Recycled/Recyclable 

Printed on paper that contains 

at least 50% recycled fiber. 
The Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories tables are revised periodically by EPA’s 

Office of Water on an “as needed” basis. The following information should be kept in mind 

when using the Tables: 

Reference dose (RfD) values are updated to reflect the values in the Integrated Risk 

Information System (IRIS), and the Drinking Water Equivalent Level (DWEL) has been 

calculated accordingly. Thus, both the RfD and DWEL in the Tables differ from the 

values in the Health Advisory document if the IRIS RfD is more recent than the Health 

Advisory document value. RfD values from IRIS that differ from the values in the Health 

Advisory documents are presented in BOLD type. For unregulated chemicals with a new 

IRIS RfD, the lifetime Health Advisory was calculated from the DWEL using the relative 

source contribution value published in the Health Advisory. For regulated chemicals, 

where the revised lifetime value differed from the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal 

(MCLG), no lifetime value was provided in the Table. 

For regulated chemicals, the cancer group designation and 10-4 cancer risk reflect the 

status at the time of regulation. For unregulated chemicals, the cancer group designation 

or cancer classification and 10-4 cancer risk reflect the values presently on IRIS. New 

IRIS cancer designations and 10-4 cancer risk values are presented in BOLD type. 

Several pesticides listed in IRIS have been re-evaluated by the Office of Pesticide 

Programs (OPP) resulting in an RfD other than that in IRIS. For these pesticides, the IRIS 

value is listed in the Table, and the newer OPP value is given in a footnote. 

In some cases there is a Health Advisory value for a contaminant but there is no reference 

to a Health Advisory document. These Health Advisory values can be found in the 

Drinking Water Criteria Document for the contaminant. 

With a few exceptions, the Health Advisory values have been rounded to one significant 

figure. 

The Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories tables may be reached from the Water 

Science home page at 

http://www.epa.gov/waterscience 

The tables are accessed under the Health Advisories heading. 

(i) 
Copies may be ordered free of charge from 

SAFE DRINKING WATER HOTLINE

1-800-426-4791

Monday thru Friday, 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM EST

Copies of the supporting technical documentation for the health advisories can be ordered for a 

fee on the Internet at 

http://www.epa.gov/OST/orderpubs.html 

or from 

Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC)

1929 Kenny Road

Columbus, OH 43210-1080

Telephone number 614-292-6717; 1-800-276-0462

FAX 614-292-0263

e-mail ERICSE@osu.edu

Payment by Purchase Order/Check/Visa or Mastercard

For further information regarding the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, call the 

Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791 or 703-285-1093. 

(ii) 
DEFINITIONS 

The following definitions for terms used in the Tables are not all-encompassing, and should not 

be construed to be “official” definitions. They are intended to assist the user in understanding 

terms found on the following pages. 

Action Level: The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other 

requirements which a water system must follow. It is the level of lead or copper which, if 

exceeded in over 10% of the homes tested, triggers treatment. 

Cancer Classification: A descriptive weight-of-evidence judgment as to the likelihood that an 

agent is a human carcinogen and the conditions under which the carcinogenic effects may be 

expressed. Under the 1999 EPA Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, 

descriptive terms for carcinogenicity replace the earlier alpha numeric Cancer Group 

designations (US EPA 1986 guidelines). The suggested descriptive terms are as follows: 

Carcinogenic to humans

Likely to be carcinogenic to humans

Suggestive evidence of carcinogenic potential

Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential 

Not likely to be carcinogenic to humans

Cancer Group: A qualitative weight-of-evidence judgement as to the likelihood that a chemical 

may be a carcinogen for humans. Each chemical is placed into one of the following five 

categories (US EPA 1986 guidelines): 

Group Category 

A Human carcinogen 

B Probable human carcinogen: 

B1 indicates limited human evidence 

B2 indicates sufficient evidence in animals and inadequate or no evidence in 

humans 

Possible human carcinogen 

D Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity 

E Evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans 

This categorization is based on EPA’s 1986 Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. The 

Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, which were published in 1999, have 

replaced the 1986 cancer guidelines on an interim basis for new assessments. 

(iii) 

C 
10-4 Cancer Risk: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water corresponding to an excess 

estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 10,000. 

Drinking Water Advisory: A nonregulatory concentration of a contaminant in water that is 

likely to be without adverse effects on both health and aesthetics. 

DWEL: Drinking Water Equivalent Level. A lifetime exposure concentration protective of 

adverse, non-cancer health effects, that assumes all of the exposure to a contaminant is from 

drinking water. 

HA: Health Advisory. An estimate of acceptable drinking water levels for a chemical substance 

based on health effects information; a Health Advisory is not a legally enforceable Federal 

standard, but serves as technical guidance to assist Federal, State, and local officials. 

One-Day HA: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to 

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day 

HA is normally designed to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. 

Ten-Day HA: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to 

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day 

HA is also normally designed to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. 

Lifetime HA: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to 

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for a lifetime of exposure. The Lifetime HA is 

based on exposure of a 70-kg adult consuming 2 liters of water per day. The Lifetime HA 

for Group C carcinogens includes an adjustment for possible carcinogenicity. 

LED10: Lower Limit on Effective Dose10. The 95% lower confidence limit of the dose of a 

chemical needed to produce an adverse effect in 10% of those exposed to the chemical, relative 

to the control. 

MCLG: Maximum Contaminant Level Goal. A non-enforceable health goal which is set at a 

level at which no known or anticipated adverse effect on the health of persons occurs and which 

allows an adequate margin of safety. 

MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level. The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in 

drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLG as feasible using the best available analytical 

and treatment technologies and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards. 

(iv) 
RfD: Reference Dose. An estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of 

a daily oral exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be 

without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. 

SDWR: Secondary Drinking Water Regulations. Non-enforceable Federal guidelines regarding 

cosmetic effects (such as tooth or skin discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or 

color) of drinking water. 

TT: Treatment Technique. A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in 

drinking water. 

(v) 
ABBREVIATIONS 

D Draft

F Final

NA Not Applicable

NOAEL No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level

OPP Office of Pesticide Programs

P Proposed

Reg Regulation

TT Treatment Technique

(vi) 
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) DWEL 

(mg/L) 

L

t

(m

ORGANICS Acenaphthene 

Acifluorfen (sodium) 

Acrylamide 

Acrylonitrile Alachlor Aldicarb3 

Aldicarb sulfone3 Aldicarb sulfoxide3 Aldrin Ametryn Ammonium sulfamate Anthracene (PAH) 5 

Atrazine 6 Baygon Bentazon Benz[a]anthracene (PAH) 

Benzene Benzo[a]pyrene (PAH) Benzo[b]fluoranthene (PAH) Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (PAH) 

Benzo[k]fluoranthene (PAH) bis-2-Chloroisopropyl ether Bro

macil 

Bromobenzene 

83-32-9 

62476-59-9 

79-06-1 

107-13-1 

15972-60-8 116-06-3 1646-88-4 1646-87-3 

309-00-2 

834-12-8 

7773-06-0 

120-12-7 1912-24-9 

114-26-1 25057-89-0 

56-55-3 

71-43-2 

50-32-8 

205-99-2 

191-24-2 

207-08-9 

39638-32-9 

314-40-9 

108-86-1 

- - -

- -

F zero TT1 

- -

F zero 0.002 

F4 0.001 0.003 

F4 0.001 0.003 F4 0.001 0.004 

- - -

- - -

- - -- - -

F 0.003 0.003 

- - -

- - -

- - -

F zero 0.005 

F zero 0.0002 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

-

F ’88 

F ‘87 

-

F ‘88 

F ‘95 F ‘95 F ‘95 

F ‘92 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

-

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘99 

-

F ’87 

-

-

-

-

F ‘89 

F ‘88 

D ‘86 

- - 0.06 2 

2 2 0.01 0.4 

1.5 0.3 0.0002 0.007 

- - - - 

0.1 0.1 0.01 0.4 

0.01 0.01 0.001 0.04 

0.01 0.01 0.001 0.04 

0.01 0.01 0.001 0.04 

0.0003 0.0003 0.00003 0.001 

9 9 0.009 0.3 0

20 20 0.2 8 2 

- - 0.3 10 

- - 0.035 1 

0.04 0.04 0.004 0.1 0

0.3 0.3 0.03 1 0

- - - - 

0.2 0.2 0.004 0.1 

- - - - 

- - - - 

- - - - 

- - - - 

4 4 0.04 1 0

5 5 0.1 5 0

4 4 - - 

1 When acrylamide is used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level shall not exceed that equivalent to a polyacryla

0.05% monomer dosed at 1 mg/L. 

2 Determined not to be carcinogenic at low doses by OPP. 3 The M

CL value for any combination of two or more of these three chemicals should not exceed 0.007 mg/L because of similar mode of action. 

4 Administrative stay of the effective date. 5 PAH = Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. 6 Under review. 
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) DWEL 

(mg/L) 

Lif

(m

Bromochloromethane Bromodichloromethane (THM) Bromoform (THM) 

Bromomethane Butyl benzyl phthalate (PAE)3 

Butylate Carbaryl 

Carbofuran1 

Carbon tetrachloride 

Carboxin Chloramben Chlordane Chloroform (THM) 

Chloromethane 

Chlorophenol (2-) Chlorothalonil Chlorotoluene oChlorotoluene pChlorpyrifos5 

Chrysene (PAH) Cyanazine 

74-97-5 

75-27-4 

75-25-2 

74-83-9 

85-68-7 

2008-41-5 

63-25-2 

1563-66-2 

56-23-5 

5234-68-4 

133-90-4 

57-74-9 

67-66-3 74-87-3 

95-57-8 

1897-45-6 

95-49-8 

106-43-4 

2921-88-2 

218-01-9 

21725-46-2 

- - -

P zero 0.082 

P zero 0.082 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.04 0.04 

F zero 0.005 

- - -

- - -

F zero 0.002 

P 0.07 0.081 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F ‘89 

--

D ‘89 

-

F ‘89 

F ‘88 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘87 

-

F ‘89 

D ‘94 

F ‘88 

F ‘89 

F ‘89 

F ‘92 

-

D ‘96 

50 1 0.01 0.5 0

1 0.06 0.003 0.1 

5 0.2 0.03 1 

0.1 0.1 0.001 0.05 0

- - 0.2 7 

2 2 0.05 2 0

1 1 0.1 4 0

0.05 0.05 0.005 0.2 0

4 0.2 0.0007 0.03 

1 1 0.1 4 0

3 3 0.015 0.5 0

0.06 0.06 0.0005 0.02 

4 4 0.01 0.4 0

9 0.4 0.004 0.1 0

0.5 0.5 0.005 0.2 0

0.2 0.2 0.015 0.5 

2 2 0.02 0.7 0

2 2 0.02 0.7 0

0.03 0.03 0.003 0.1 0

- - - - 

0.1 0.1 0.002 0.07 

1 Under review.2 1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for trihalomethanes is 0.08 mg/L.3 Likely to be carcinogenic to humans by all routes of exposure. 4 By the 1999 Draft Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, chloroform is likely to be carcinogenic to humans by all routes of exposure under high-dose 

cytotoxicity and regenerative hyperplasia in susceptible tissues. Chloroform is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans by all routes of exposures at a dose leve

cytotoxicity and cell regeneration 5 New OPP RfD = 0.0003 mg/kg/day.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/ 

day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

Lif

(m

Cyanogen chloride1 

2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) 

DCPA (Dacthal) Dalapon (sodium salt) 

Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate 

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 

Diazinon2 

Dibromochloromethane (THM) Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) 

Dibutyl phthalate Dicamba Dichloroacetic acid Dichlorobenzene oDichlorobenzene m- 7 

Dichlorobenzene pDichlorodifluoromethane 

Dichloroethane (1,2-) 

Dichloroethylene (1,1-) 

Dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-) 

Dichloroethylene (trans-1,2-) 

Dichloromethane Dichlorophenol (2,4-) Dichloropropane (1,2-) 

Dichloropropene (1,3-) 

Dieldrin Diethyl phthalate 

506-77-4 94-75-7 

1861-32-1 

75-99-0 

103-23-1 

117-81-7 

333-41-5 

124-48-1 

96-12-8 

84-74-2 

1918-00-9 

76-43-6 

95-50-1 541-73-1 

106-46-7 

75-71-8 

107-06-2 

75-35-4 

156-59-2 

156-60-5 

75-09-2 

120-83-2 

78-87-5 

542-75-6 60-57-1 84-66-2 

- - -

F 0.07 0.07 

- - -

F 0.2 0.2 

F 0.4 0.4 

F zero 0.006 

- - -

P 0.06 0.083 

F zero 0.0002 

- - -

- - -

P zero 0.065 

F 0.6 0.6 

- - -

F 0.075 0.075 

- - -

F zero 0.005 

F 0.007 0.007 

F 0.07 0.07 

F 0.1 0.1 

F zero 0.005 

- - -

F zero 0.005 

- - -

- - -

- - -

-

F ‘87 

F ‘88 

F ‘89 

--

F ‘88 

-

F ’87 

-

F ‘88 

-

F ‘87 F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ’89 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘90 F ‘87 

D ‘93 

D ‘94 

F ’87 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

-

0.05 0.05 0.05 2 

1 0.3 0.01 0.4 0

80 80 0.01 0.4 0

3 3 0.03 0.9 0

20 20 0.6 20 0

- - 0.02 0.7 

0.02 0.02 0.00009 0.003 0

0.6 0.6 0.02 0.7 0

0.2 0.05 - - 

- - 0.1 4 

0.3 0.3 0.03 1 0

5 5 0.004 0.1 

9 9 0.09 3 0

9 9 0.09 3 0

11 11 0.1 4 0

40 40 0.2 5 

0.7 0.7 - - 

2 1 0.05 2 

4 1 0.01 0.4 0

20 1 0.02 0.7 0

10 2 0.06 2 

0.03 0.03 0.003 0.1 0

- 0.09 - - 

0.03 0.03 0.03 1 

0.0005 0.0005 0.00005 0.002 

- - 0.8 30 

1 Under review.2 New OPP RfD = 0.0002 mg/kg/day (pesticides).3 1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for trihalomethanes is 0.08 mg/L.4 Suggestive evidence of carcinogenicity but not sufficient to assess human carcinogenic potential.5 1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.6 Likely to be a carcinogen to humans.7 The values for m-dichlorobenzene are based on data for o-dichlorobenzene.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

Lif

(m

Diisopropyl 

methylphosphonate 

Dimethrin Dimethyl methylphosphonate 

Dimethyl phthalate 

Dinitrobenzene (1,3-) Dinitrotoluene (2,4-) 

Dinitrotoluene (2,6-) 

Dinitrotoluene (2,6 & 2,4) 1 

Dinoseb Dioxane pDiphenamid 

Diquat Disulfoton Dithiane (1,4-) Diuron Endothall Endrin Epichlorohydrin 

Ethylbenzene Ethylene dibromide (

EDB)6 

Ethylene glycol Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) Fenamiphos 

1445-75-6 

70-38-2 

756-79-6 

131-11-3 

99-65-0 

121-14-2 606-20-2 

88-85-7 

123-91-1 

957-51-7 85-00-7 

298-04-4 

505-29-3 

330-54-1 145-73-3 

72-20-8 

106-89-8 

100-41-4 106-93-4 

107-21-1 

96-45-7 

22224-92-6 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -- - -- - -

- - -

F 0.007 0.007 

- - -

- - -

F 0.02 0.02 

- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.1 0.1 

F 0.002 0.002 

F zero TT5 

F 0.7 0.7 

F zero 0.00005 

- - -

- - -

- - -

F ‘89 

F ‘88 

F ‘92 

-

F ‘91 F ‘92 F ‘92 

F ‘92 

F ‘88 

F ‘87 

F ‘88 

-

F ‘88 

F ‘92 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

8 8 0.08 3 0

10 10 0.3 10 2 

2 2 0.2 7 0

- - - - 

0.04 0.04 0.0001 0.005 0

0.50 0.50 0.002 0.1 

0.40 0.40 0.001 0.04 

- - - - 

0.3 0.3 0.001 0.04 0

4 0.4 - - 

0.3 0.3 0.03 1 0

- - 0.0022 0.07 

0.01 0.01 0.000043 0.001 0

0.4 0.4 0.01 0.4 0

1 1 0.0024 0.07 0

0.8 0.8 0.02 0.7 0

0.02 0.005 0.0003 0.01 00.1 0.1 0.002 0.07 

30 3 0.1 3 0

0.008 0.008 - - 

20 6 2 70 1

0.3 0.3 0.00008 0.003 

0.009 0.009 0.000257 0.009 0

1 Technical grade.

2 New OPP RfD = 0.005 mg/kg/day.3 New OPP RfD = 0.00013 mg/kg/day.4 New OPP RfD = 0.003 mg/kg/day.5 When epichlorohydrin is used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level shall not exceed that equivalent to an epic

containing 0.01% monomer dosed at 20 mg/L. 6 1,2-dibromoethane.

7 New OPP RfD = 0.0001 mg/kg/day; New OPP cancer group E.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals CAS Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Standards 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

Lif

(m

Fluometuron Fluorene (PAH) 

Fonofos Formaldehyde 

Glyphosate Heptachlor 

Heptachlor epoxide 

Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobutadiene3 

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 

Hexachloroethane Hexane (n-) Hexazinone HMX6 

Indeno[1,2,3,-c,d]pyrene (PAH) Isophorone Isopropyl methylphosphonate Isopropylbenzene (cumene) Lindane 7 

Malathion Maleic hydrazide MCPA 10 

Methomyl Methoxychlor Methyl ethyl ketone 

Methyl parathion 

2164-17-2 

86-73-7 

944-22-9 

50-00-0 

1071-83-6 

76-44-8 

1024-57-3 

118-74-1 

87-68-3 

77-47-4 

67-72-1 

110-54-3 

51235-04-2 2691-41-0 193-39-5 

78-59-1 

1832-54-8 98-82-8 58-89-9 

121-75-5 

123-33-1 

94-74-6 

16752-77-5 

72-43-5 

78-93-3 298-00-0 

- - -- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.7 0.7 

F zero 0.0004 

F zero 0.0002 

F zero 0.001 

- - -

F 0.05 0.05 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.0002 0.0002 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.04 0.04 

- - -

- - -

F ‘88 

-

F ‘88 

D ‘93 

F ‘88 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

D ‘98 

-

F ‘91 

F ‘87 

F ‘96 

F ‘88 

-

F ‘92 

F ‘92 

D ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘92 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘88 

2 2 0.01 0.5 0

- - 0.04 1 

0.02 0.02 0.002 0.07 0

10 5 0.2 7 

20 20 0.12 4 0

0.01 0.01 0.0005 0.02 

0.01 - 0.00001 0.0004 

0.05 0.05 0.0008 0.03 

0.3 0.3 0.00024 0.007 0

- - 0.006 0.2 

5 5 0.001 0.04 0

10 4 - - 

3 2 0.055 2 0

5 5 0.05 2 0

- - - - 

15 15 0.2 7 0

30 30 0.1 4 0

11 11 0.1 4 

1 1 0.00038 0.01 0

0.2 0.2 0.02 0.8 0

10 10 0.5 20 4 

0.1 0.1 0.000511 0.02 0

0.3 0.3 0.025 0.9 0

0.05 0.05 0.005 0.2 0

75 7.5 0.6 20 4 

0.3 0.3 0.00025 0.009 0

1 Carcinogenicity based on inhalation exposure.2 New OPP RfD = 2 mg/kg/day. 3 Under review.4 Draft A

mbient Water Quality Criteria for the protection of human health (EPA 822-R-98-004) 5 The Health Advisory is based on a new OPP RfD rather than the IRIS RfD.

6 HMX = octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine.7 Lindane = γ − hexachlorocyclohexane.8 New OPP RfD = 0.005 mg/kg/day; Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) factor = 3. 9 OPP cancer classification - suggestive evidence of carcinogenicity but not sufficient to assess human carcinogenicity potential.10 MCPA = 4(chloro-2-methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid.11 New OPP RfD = 0.0015 mg/kg/day.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

Lif

(m

Metolachlor Metribuzin 

Monochloroacetic acid 

Monochlorobenzene 

Naphthalene Nitrocellulose5 

Nitroguanidine Nitrophenol pOxamyl (Vydate) 

Paraquat Pentachlorophenol Phenanthrene (PAH) 

Phenol Picloram Polychlorinated biphenyls 

(PC

Bs) 

Prometon Pronamide Propachlor Propazine 

Propham Pyrene (PAH) RDX8 Simazine 

Styrene 2,4,5-T (Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) 

51218-45-2 

21087-64-9 

79-11-8 

108-90-7 

91-20-3 

9004-70-0 556-88-7 

100-02-7 

23135-22-0 

1910-42-5 

87-86-5 

85-01-8 108-95-2 

1918-02-1 

1336-36-3 

1610-18-0 

23950-58-5 

1918-16-7 

139-40-2 

122-42-9 

129-00-0 

121-82-4 

122-34-9 

100-42-5 93-76-5 

- - -

- - -

P 0.03 0.063 

F 0.1 0.1 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.2 0.2 

- - -

F zero 0.001 

- - -

- - -

F 0.5 0.5 

F zero 0.0005 

- - -- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F 0.004 0.004 

F 0.1 0.1 

- - -

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

-

F ‘87 F ‘90 

F ‘88 

F ‘90 

F ‘92 

F ‘87 F ‘88 

F ‘87 

-

D ‘92 

F ‘88 

D ‘93 

F ‘88 F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

-

F ‘88 F ‘88 F ‘87 

F ‘88 

2 2 0.151 5 0

5 5 0.0252 0.9 0

0.2 0.2 0.004 0.1 0

4 4 0.02 0.7 0

0.5 0.5 0.02 0.7 0

- - - - 

10 10 0.1 4 0

0.8 0.8 0.008 0.3 00.2 0.2 0.0256 0.9 0

0.1 0.1 0.0045 0.2 0

1 0.3 0.03 1 

- - - - 

6 6 0.3 11 2 

20 20 0.077 2 0

- - - - 

0.2 0.2 0.015 0.5 00.8 0.8 0.075 3 00.5 0.5 0.01 0.5 0

1 1 0.02 0.7 0

5 5 0.02 0.6 0

- - 0.03 - 

0.1 0.1 0.003 0.1 0

0.5 0.5 0.005 0.2 0

20 2 0.2 7 0

0.8 0.8 0.01 0.4 0

1 New OPP RfD = 0.1 mg/kg/day.2 New OPP RfD = 0.013 mg/kg/day.3 1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: the total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06mg/L.4 Inadequate for assessment of human carcinogenic potential. 5 The Health Advisory Document for nitrocellulose does not include HA values and describes this compounds as relatively nontoxic. 6 New OPP RfD = 0.001 mg/kg/day.7 New OPP RfD = 0.2 mg/kg/day.8 RDX = hexahydro -1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

L

(

2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin) Tebuthiuron Terbacil Terbufos 

Tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-) Tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-) Tetrachloroethylene 

Trichlorofluoromethane 

Toluene Toxaphene 2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 

Trichloroacetic acid Trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-) Trichlorobenzene (1,3,5-) 

Trichloroethane (1,1,1-) 

Trichloroethane (1,1,2-) Trichloroethylene 2 

Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-) 

Trichloropropane (1,2,3-) 

Trifluralin Trimethylbenzene (1,2,4-) 

Trimethylbenzene (1,3,5-) Trinitroglycerol Trinitrotoluene (2,4,6-) 

Vinyl chloride Xylenes 

1746-01-6 

34014-18-1 

5902-51-2 

13071-79-9 

630-20-6 

79-34-5 

127-18-4 

75-69-4 108-88-3 

8001-35-2 

93-72-1 

76-03-9 

120-82-1 

108-70-3 

71-55-6 

79-00-5 

79-01-6 

88-06-2 

96-18-4 

1582-09-8 

95-63-6 

108-67-8 

55-63-0 

118-96-7 

75-01-4 

1330-20-7 

F zero 3E-08 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F zero 0.005 

- - -

F 1 1 

F zero 0.003 

F 0.05 0.05 

P 0.02 0.063 

F 0.07 0.07 

- - -

F 0.2 0.2 

F 0.003 0.005 

F zero 0.005 

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

- - -

F zero 0.002 

F 10 10 

F ’87 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘88 

F ‘89 

F ‘89 

F ‘87 

F ‘89 

D ‘93 

F ‘96 

F ‘88 

-

F ‘89 

F ‘89 

F ‘87 

F ‘89 

F ‘87 

D ‘94 

F ‘89 

F ‘90 

D ‘87 

D ‘87 

F ‘87 

F ‘89 

F ‘87 

D ‘93 

1E-06 1E-07 1E-09 4E-08 

3 3 0.07 2 

0.3 0.3 0.01 0.4 

0.005 0.005 0.00011 0.005 

2 2 0.03 1 

0.04 0.04 0.00005 0.002 

2 2 0.01 0.5 

7 7 0.3 10 

20 2 0.2 7 

0.004 0.004 0.0004 0.01 

0.2 0.2 0.008 0.3 

3 3 0.03 1 

0.1 0.1 0.01 0.4 

0.6 0.6 0.006 0.2 

100 40 0.035 1 

0.6 0.4 0.004 0.1 

- - 0.007 0.2 

0.03 0.03 0.0003 0.01 

0.6 0.6 0.006 0.2 

0.08 0.08 0.00755 0.3 

- - - - 

10 - - - 

0.005 0.005 - - 

0.02 0.02 0.0005 0.02 

3 3 0.003 0.1 

40 40 0.2 7 

1 New OPP RfD = 0.000052 Under review.3 1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.4 Suggestive evidence of carcinogenicity. 5 New OPP RfD = 0.024 mg/kg/day.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

L

(

INORGANICS Ammonia Antimony Arsenic Asbestos (fibers/l >10μm 

length) Barium Beryllium Boron3 

Bro

mate 

Cadmium Chloramine4 

Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Chlorite Chromium (total) Copper (at tap) Cyanide3 

Fluoride3 

Lead (at tap) Manganese Mercury (inorganic) 

Molybdenum 

Nickel 

7664-41-7 

7440-36-0 

7440-38-2 

1332-21-4 

7440-39-3 

7440-41-7 

7440-42-8 7789-38-0 

7440-43-9 

10599-90-3 

7782-50-5 10049-04-4 7758-19-2 

7440-47-3 

7440-50-8 

143-33-9 7681-49-4 

7439-92-1 

7439-96-5 

7487-94-7 

7439-98-7 

7440-02-0 

- - -

F 0.006 0.006 

F zero 0.01 

F 7 MFL1 7 MFL 

F 2 2 

F 0.004 0.004 

- - -

F zero 0.01 

F 0.005 0.005 

F 45 45 

F 45 45 

F 0.85 0.85 

F 0.8 1 F 0.1 0.1 

F 1.3 TT7 

F 0.2 0.2 

F 4 4 

F zero TT7 

- - -

F 0.002 0.002 

- - -

F - -

D ‘92 

F ‘92 

D ‘95 

-

D ‘93 

F ‘92 

D ‘92 

D ‘98 

F ’87 

D ‘95 D ‘95 D ‘98 

D ‘98 

F ‘87 

D ‘98 

F ‘87 

--

-

F ‘87 

D ‘93 

F ‘95 

- - - - 

0.01 0.01 0.0004 0.01 

- - 0.0003 0.01 

- - - - 

0.7 0.7 0.07 2 

30 30 0.002 0.07 

4 0.9 0.09 3 

0.2 - 0.004 0.14 

0.04 0.04 0.0005 0.02 

1 1 0.1 3.5 

3 3 0.1 5 

0.84 0.84 0.03 1 

0.84 0.84 0.03 1 

1 1 0.0036 0.1 

- - - - 

0.2 0.2 0.028 0.8 

- - 0.069 - 

- - - - 

1 1 0.1410 1.6 

0.002 0.002 0.0003 0.01 

0.08 0.08 0.005 0.2 

1 1 0.02 0.7 

1 MFL = million fibers per liter.2 Carcinogenicity based on inhalation exposure.3 Under review.4 Monochloramine; measured as free chlorine.5 1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: MRDLG=Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal; and M

RDL=Maximum Residual Di

6 IRIS value for chromium VI.7 Copper action level 1.3 mg/L; lead action level 0.015 mg/L. 8 This RfD is for hydrogen cyanide.9 Based on dental fluorosis in children, a cosmetic effect. MCLG based on skeletal fluorosis.10 Dietary manganese. The lifetime health advisory includes a 3 fold modifying factor to account for increased bioavailability from drinking water.
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals 

CASRN 

Number 

Standards 

Status 

HA 

Document 

Health Advisories 

Status 

Reg. 

MCLG 

(mg/L) 

MCL 

(mg/L) 

10-kg Child 

One-day 

(mg/L) 

Ten-day 

(mg/L) 

RfD 

(mg/kg/day) 

DWEL 

(mg/L) 

(

Nitrate (as N) Nitrite (as N) Nitrate + Nitrite (both as N) 

Selenium 

Silver Strontium 

Thallium White phosphorous 

Zinc RADIONUCLI

DES 

Beta particle and photon 

activity (formerly man-made radionuclides) 

Gross alpha particle activity Combined Radium 226 & 228 

Radon Uranium 

14797-55-8 

14797-65-0 

7782-49-2 

7440-22-4 

7440-24-6 

7440-28-0 

7723-14-0 

7440-66-6 

7440-14-4 

10043-92-2 

7440-61-1 

F 10 10 

F 1 1 

F 10 10 

F 0.05 0.05 

- - -

- - -

F 0.0005 0.002 

- - -

- - -

F zero 

4 mrem/ 

yr 

F zero 15 

pCi/L 

F zero 5 pCi/L 

P zero 300 

pCi/L 

AMCL3 

4000 

pCi/L 

F zero 30 μg/L 

D ‘93 

D ‘93 

D ‘93 

-

F ‘92 

D ‘93 

F ‘92 

F ‘90 

D ‘93 

-

-

-

-

-

101 101 1.6 - 

11 11 0.16 - 

- - - - 

- - 0.005 0.2 

0.2 0.2 0.0052 0.2 

25 25 0.6 20 

0.007 0.007 0.00007 0.002 

- - 0.00002 0.0005 

6 6 0.3 10 

- - - - 

- - - - 

- - - - 

- - - - 

- - 0.0034 0.1 

1 These values are calculated for a 4-kg infant and are protective for all age groups.2 Based on a cosmetic effect. 3 AMCL = Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level4 Soluble uraniu

m salts.
Secondary Drinking Water Regulations 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals CAS Number Status SDWR 

Aluminum Chloride Color Copper Corrosivity Fluoride Foaming agents 

Iron Manganese Odor pH Silver 

Sulfate 

Total dissolved solids (TDS) 

Zinc 

7429-90-5 

7647-14-5 

NA 

7440-50-8 NA 

7681-49-4 

NA 7439-89-6 7439-96-5 

NA 

NA 

7440-22-4 

7757-82-6 NA 

7440-66-6 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F 

F F 

F 

F 

F 

0.05 to 0.2 

250 mg

15 color u

1.0 mg/

non-corro

2.0 mg/

0.5 mg/

0.3 mg/

0.05 mg

3 threshold odo

6.5 – 8.

0.1 mg/

250 mg

500 mg

5 mg/L 
Microbiology

Winter 2004 

Status 

Reg. 

Status HA 

Document 

MCLG MCL Treatment Tec

Cryptosporidium F F 01 - TT Systems that filter mu

99% of Cryptosporidi

Giardia lamblia F F 98 - TT 99.9% killed/inactivat

Legionella F1 F 01 zero TT No limit; EPA believe

Giardia and viruses a

Legionella will also be 

Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) 

F1 - NA TT No more than 500 ba

colonies per milliliter. 

Mycobacteria - F 99 - - -

Total Coliforms F - zero 5% No more than 5.0% s

coliform-positive in a sample that has total 

must be analyzed for coliforms; no fecal co

allowed. 

Turbidity F - NA TT At no time can turbidi

NTU (nephelometric t

Viruses F1 - zero TT 99.99% killed/inactiva

1 Final for systems using surface water; also being considered for regulation under groundwater disinfection rule. 
μ μ

Drinking Water Advisory Table 

Winter 2004 

Chemicals Status Health-based Value Taste 

Threshold 

Odor Thresho

Ammonia D ‘92 Not Available 30 mg/L 

Methyl tertiary butyl 

ether (MtBE) 

F ‘98 Not Available 40 μg/L 20 μg/L 

Sodium F ‘03 20 mg/L (for

individuals on a 500 

mg/day restricted sodium diet). 

30-60 mg/L 

Sulfate F ‘03 500 mg/L 250 mg/L 

Taste Threshold: Concentration at which the majority of consumers do not notice an adverse taste in drinking wate

recognized that some sensitive individuals may detect a chemical at levels below this threshold. Odor Threshold: Concentration at which the majority of consumers do not notice an adverse odor in drinking water; 

that some sensitive individuals may detect a chemical at levels below this threshold.