xxiii

Abbreviations and Acronyms

ABBREVIATIONS and ACRONYMS

A

AAC: augmentative and alternative communication

AAROM: active assistive range of motion 

ABC: Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex 

ABC: American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics & 

Pedorthics 

ACoE: amputee center of excellence

ACS: abdominal compartment syndrome 

ACL: anterior cruciate ligament 

AD: assistive device

AD: autonomic dysreflexia 

ADL: activity of daily living 

AIS: ASIA Impairment Scale 

AOC: area of concentration 

AR: Army regulation

ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome 

AROM: active range of motion 

ASA: Adaptive Sports Association 

ASIA: American Spinal Injury Association 

ASP: Adaptive Sports Program 

AT: assistive technology

AW2: Army Wounded Warrior program

B

BAMC: Brooke Army Medical Center

BAS: basic allowance for subsistence 

BOC: Board for Orthotist/Prosthetist Certification 

BOS: base of support 

BPPV: benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo 

C

CAAHEP: Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs 

CAD: computer-aided design 

CAM: computer-aided manufacturing

CAP: central auditory processing 

CAP: Computer and Electronic Accommodation Program 

CAREN: Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Environment

CARF: Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities

CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CFI: Center for the Intrepid 

CIP: combat-related injury and rehabilitation pay 

CK: creatine kinase

CKC: closed kinetic chain 

COAD: continuation on active duty

COAR: continuation on active reserve

COM: center of mass 

COX: cyclooxygenase

CNS: central nervous system

CPM: continuous passive motion

CPNB: continuous peripheral nerve block

CR: concurrent receipt

CRC: Certified Rehabilitation Counselor 

CRSC: combat-related special compensation

CSH: combat support hospital

CT: computed tomography

CWT: compensated work therapy

CVT: continuously variable transmission 

D

3-D: three-dimensional 

DARPA: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DASH: disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand 

DAV: Disabled American Veterans 

DES: disability evaluation system

DEXA: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 

DIP: distal interphalangeal 

DNS: Dragon Naturally Speaking 

DoD: Department of Defense 

DSUSA: Disabled Sports, USA

DVBIC: Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center

DVT: deep venous thrombosis 

E

EADL: electronic aid to daily living 

EMEDS: expeditionary medical support

EMG: electromyogram or electromyography

EPOP: early postoperative prosthesis 

EPW: electric-powered wheelchair

ESAR: energy storage and return

ESBL: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase

F

FCE: functional capacity evaluation 

FDS: flexor digitorum superficialis

FIM: functional independence measure 

FM: frequency modulation 

FTE: full-time equivalent

FY: fiscal year 

G

GME: graduate medical education

GS: government service

GWOT: global war on terror

H

H2H: Heroes to Hometowns program

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus

HL: hearing loss

HO: heterotopic ossification

HUDVET: US Department of Housing and Urban Development 

Veteran Resource Center

I

IAD: instrumental activity of daily living

ICES: Infection Control and Epidemiology Service

ICR: instantaneous center of rotation 

ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross 

ICU: intensive care unit 

IDT: interdisciplinary team

IED: improvised explosive device

IP: interphalangeal

IPOP: immediate postoperative prosthesis 

ISOD: International Sports Organization for the Disabled

IU: international units

IV: intravenous

J

JAG: judge advocate general

L

LBD: low back pain

LRM: language representation method 

LCL: lateral collateral ligament

LPN: licensed practical nurse 
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Care of the Combat Amputee 

LEAP: Lower Extremity Assessment Project

M

MCP: metacarpophalangeal 

MCPJ: metacarpophalangeal joint 

MDRO: multiple drug-resistant organism

MEB: medical evaluation board 

MET: metabolic equivalent

MHS: Military Health System 

M4L: Marine for Life program

MMRB: medical MOS retention board

MOI: mechanism of injury

MOS: military occupational specialty

MRI: magnetic resonance imaging 

MRSA: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

MTBI: mild traumatic brain injury

MTF: medical treatment facility 

MWWR: Marine Wounded Warrior Regiment

N

NARSUM: narrative summary

NCA: National Cemetery Administration

NGO: nongovernmental organization 

NHIS-D: National Health Interview Survey-Disability

NMDA: N-methyl-d-aspartate

NPO: non per os

NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

NWB: nonweight bearing

NWBA: National Wheelchair Basketball Association

O

OEF: Operation Enduring Freedom 

OH: orthostatic hypotension 

OIF: Operation Iraqi Freedom 

OIH: opioid-induced hyperalgesia

OPUS-UE: Orthotics and Prosthetics User Survey-Upper Extremity 

OT: occupational therapy 

OWF: Operation Warfighter program

P

PACT: Preservation-Amputation Care and Treatment 

PAS: pushrim-activated system 

PCA: patient-controlled analgesia

PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

PDES: physical disability evaluation system

PDR: permanent disability retirement 

PEB: physical evaluation board

PEBLO: physical evaluation board liaison officer 

PIP: proximal interphalangeal 

PLP: phantom limb pain

PMP: Preventive Medical Psychiatry Service

PM&R: physical medicine and rehabilitation

PNB: peripheral nerve block

PNS: polytrauma network site

PPOC: polytrauma point of contact 

PRAA: perioperative regional anesthesia and analgesia

PRC: polytrauma rehabilitation center

PROM: passive range of motion

PSAS: Prosthetic and Sensory Aids Service

PSC: Polytrauma System of Care

PSCT: polytrauma support clinic team

PTB: patella tendon bearing

PTN: polytrauma telehealth network

PT/BRI: polytrauma and blast-related injuries 

PTSD: posttraumatic stress disorder

PVA: Paralyzed Veterans of America

PVC: polyvinyl chloride 

Q

Q-TFA: questionnaire for persons with a transfemoral amputation 

QUERI: Quality Enhancement Research Initiative

R

REE: resting energy expenditure 

RESNA: Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology 

Society of North America 

ROM: range of motion 

RN: registered nurse

S

SACH: Solid Ankle Cushion Heel 

SBA: US Small Business Administration 

SCD: sequential compressive device 

SCI: spinal cord injury 

SC/SCSP: supracondylar/supracondylarsuprapatella

SFAC: Soldier Family Assistance Center

SGLI: Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance 

SM: service member 

SSI: surgical site infection 

SSWV: self-selected walking velocity

STSG: split-thickness skin graft

T

TA line: line connecting the trochanter and ankle

TAPES: Trinity Amputation and Prosthetic Experience Scales 

TBI: traumatic brain injury 

TBSA: total-body surface area 

TD: terminal device 

TDRL: temporary disability retirement list

TENS: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

TFA: transfemoral amputation

TM: tympanic membrane 

TMR: targeted muscle reinnervation

TSA: Transportation Security Administration

TSB: total surface bearing 

TSGLI: Traumatic Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance 

TTA: transtibial amputation 

U

UBE: upper body ergometer 

USAISR: US Army Institute of Surgical Research 

USPDA: US Army Physical Disability Agency 

UTI: urinary tract infection

V

VA: Veterans Administration

VA: Department of Veterans Affairs 

VAC: vacuum-assisted closure 

VACO: Veterans Affairs central office 

VASRD: Veterans Affairs Schedule for Rating Disabilities 

VBA: Veterans Benefits Administration 

VERIS: Veterans Examination Request Information System 

VETS: Veterans’Employment and Training Service 

VHA: Veterans Health Administration

VICTORS: Visual Impairment Center to Optimize Remaining 

Sight 

VISN: veterans integrated service network 

VISOR: Visual Impairment Services Outpatient Program 
Abbreviations and Acronyms

xxv

VP3: Veterans’Paralympic Performance Program

VR: virtual reality

VR: vocational rehabilitation 

VRE: vancomycin-resistant enterococcus

VR&E: Office of Vocational Rehabilitation and Education

VTE: venous thromboembolism 

W

WRAMC: Walter Reed Army Medical Center 

WSUSA: Wheelchair Sports, USA

WTU: warrior transition unit 

WWBN-E: Wounded Warrior Battalion East 

WWBN-W: Wounded Warrior Battalion West 

Z

ZOI: zone of injury
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Care of the Combat Amputee