In States where foreigners own. few parcels,-the possibility of
one or two unusual situations prevents any generalization about
concentration. For example, one large timber holding by a |’
foreigner in a State with a:large number of field-crop farms
could easily be misinterpreted to suggest that a single’ foreigner
was taking over the farming of the State.

Purchase Price and Value of Holdings. As noted earlier under
"Type of Foreign Owner," corporations own’ 83 percent of the

acreage. However, corporate purchase price and nonpurchase price
(estimated value) at time of acquisition account for only 70
percent of the total price (table 5). The average per acre
purchase price and nonpurchase price (estimated value) at time of
acquisition was the lowest for corporations at $585; followed by
individuals, $914; all others, $1,157; and partnerships, $1,393.

For recent acquisitions, purchase price generally will be close
to, but not necessarily the same as, current value. As time
passes, purchase price becomes a poor indicator of current value.
For this’ reason, reported current value by date of acquisition
was adjusted to January 1990 for all years prior to 1990 (table
6). The total adjusted current value indicates a 10-percent
decrease from the reported current value. The adjustment factor

TABLE 4--FOREIGN-OWNED U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS

BY SIZE OF HOLDING, DECEMBER 31, 1990
I

SIZE . OWNERS PARCELS ACRES

(ACRES) (NUMBER), (NUMBER) (NUMBER ),
LESS THAN 20 843 895 8,824
20-59 1,497 1,696 52,314
60-99 785 1,015 61,060
100-299 1,687 2,237 297,102
300-999 . 1,607 2,463 895,710
1000 OR MORE 1,200 4,594 13,130,731
TOTAL 7,619 12,900 14,445,741

TABLE 5-7jVALUE OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS
BY TYPE OF FOREIGN OWNER, DECEMBER 31, 1990
il .

‘ACRES . ACRES
WITH PURCHASE WITH NON-
OWNERS PURCHASE PRICE 1/ . NON- PURCHASE
OWNER (NUMBER ) PRICE (1,000 PURCHASE PRICE 1/
REPORTED DOLLARS) PRICE ~ (4,000
(NUMBER ) : REPORTED DOLLARS).
(NUMBER ) :

v. 3/196" 810,729 829,093 137,844 98,124
ORPORATION 3]081 10,218,261 6,060,157 1,736,914 932,508
PARTNERSHIP tlos6 = 1,125,409 1,655,912 181,388 165,024
ESTATE : 10 1,887 3,239 700 59
TRUST 245 197,276 236,489 17,946 8,018
INSTITUTION 3 . 1,075 1,367 $ 8

: ATION 1 5,780 10, 400°
OTHER 17 7,928 10.634 2,604 2,031
TOTAL 74619 12,968,945 8,807,204 2,077,396 1,145,764

A/ PURCHASE pried AND NONPURCHASE PRICE AT TIME OF ACQUISITION.

10



TABLE 23--U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS BY COUNTRY OF

FOREIGN OWNER,

UANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
‘ >| OWNERS PARCELS ACRES VALUE
COUNTRY REPORTING | REPORTED (NUMBER ) (1,000
(NUMBER ) (NUMBER ) DOLLARS) 41/
AUSTRIA 1 1 a7 260
BELGIUM 1 1 962 1,292
CANADA 18 68 607,039 15,260
DENMARK 1 1 93 55
FRANCE 4 7 3,911 1,173
GERMANY 21 25 5,449 4,889
HONG KONG 1 1 185 2,000
JAPAN 3 6 422 6,963
KOREA (SOUTH) 1 1 20 100
LEBANON 1 1 176 320
LIECHTENSTEIN 5 5 3,624 2,195
MEXICO 5 5 1,199 1,716
NAMIBIA 1 1 7 ot, 227
NETHERLANDS 8 4 2.610 4,338
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 2 3 1,101 2,304
NEW ZEALAND M4 1 113 950
PANAMA 1 1 461 aa5
SOMALIA 1 1 14 28
SOUTH AFRICA 1 1 200 335
SPAIN 1 1 164 755
SWEDEN 2 3 22,011 10,583
SWITZERLAND 6 6 70,695 53,426
TAIWAN 2 2 4,496 3,027
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 1 1 2 9
UNITED KINGDOM 8 16 5,862 53,479
MULTIPLE 2 2 178 501
THIRD TIER 1 a4 6,128 aa
SUBTOTAL 2/ 100 173 737,290 166.674
US/BAHAMAS 1 1 3,241 1,134
US/BELGIUM 4 10 6,460 9,822
US/BERMUDA 2 3 463 304
US/BRAZIL 1 3 484 985
US/BRITISH VIRGIN
ISLANDS 1 1 51 290
US/CANADA 10 17. 24,604 2,891
US/DENMARK 1 1 224 134
US/FRANCE 7 31 53,878 36,035
US/GERMANY 13 18 14,875 10,434
US/IRELAND 1 1 20 31
US/ITALY 1 1 8,420 6,315
US/JAPAN 18 38 18,804 83,865
US/LIECHTENSTEIN 1 1 475 499
US/LUXEMBOURG 1 1 1,209 800
US/MEXICO 1 1 8,837 1,702
US/NETHERLANDS 3 3 101 2,070
US/SAUDI ARABIA 1 1. + 307 1,500
US/SWITZERLAND 7 8 8,657 10,324
US/TAIWAN 1 1 225 13
US/UNITED KINGDOM 16 35 23,288 56,105
SUBTOTAL 3/ 91 176 174,620 225,353
TOTAL ALL
LAND’ ACQUISITIONS 191 349 911,910 392,027

i/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONP
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S.

SHAREHOLDERS.

31

URCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).
CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN

3/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S.-CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.


Acquisitions

Foreign persons reported that they “had acquired 349 parcéls of
U.S. agricultural land covering:911,910 acres during January 1-
December 31, 1990 (tables 18 and 19). Included in these acquisi-
tions data are reports filed by U.S. entities that ‘became foreign
during the period. This change occurs when a significant inter-
est or substantial control in a U.S. entity is subsequently
acquired by a foreign person. Consequently, all of the reported
acres are not necessarily recent land-purchases. These ac-
quisitions could include land held for any length of time by a
U.S. entity that recently came’ within the definition of a foreign
person under the act. ‘ . . i :
The reported acquisitions data should be regarded as preliminary
in that they understate the total acreage acquired by foreign
persons during the reporting period. Because foreign persons
have a statutory 90 days within which to report their acquisi-
tions, not’ all the acquisitions acquired in the ‘90 days preceding
the December 31, 1990, Closing date of this report were received
for processing by USDA. Therefore,-a number of reports for
October, November, and December are not included in ‘this report.
A further understatement of the acreage acquired by foreign
persons during the reporting period may’ result from reports that
are not timely filéd and/or completed by the closing date of this
report. Consequently, such reports would not have been processed
for inclusion: in this report. . a

TABLE 18--U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS OF FOREIGN OWNERS BY “STATE,

UANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
STATE VALUE STATE VALUE
AND U.S. ACRES (1,000 AND U.S. ACRES (1,000
TERRITORY (NUMBER ) DOLLARS) TERRITORY (NUMBER ) Dor tars)
. as : ay
ALABAMA 18,423 11,910 |NEBRASKA 735 483
ARIZONA 67,970 49,900 |NEVADA 17,916
ARKANSAS 2,896 2.043 |NEW HAMPSHIRE 74,122
CALIFORNIA 8,429 40,930 |NEW MEXICO ny 17,534
COLORADO 22,758 14,693 |NEW YORK 4,262
FLORIDA a 13,794 22,572 |NORTH CAROLINA 294
GEORGIA 8,890 7,001 |oHTO 2,263
HAWAIT 13,594 61,667 |OKLAHOMA 66
IDAHO 56 60 |OREGON 2,923
ILLINOIS 6,512 8,245 | PENNSYLVANIA 81
INDIANA 14,630 10,104 |SOUTH CAROLINA ‘907
KANSAS 176 320 | TENNESSEE B44
KENTUCKY 1,455 6,974 | TEXAS 27,001
LOUISIANA 10,855 1,742 | VERMONT 1,883
MAINE ‘ 530,895 3,410 | VIRGINIA 601
MARYLAND 104 1,931 |WASHINGTON \ S47
MICHIGAN 2.811 2,425 |WEST. VIRGINIA 1.774
MISSISSIPPI 18,931 3,375 |WISCONSIN 993
MISSOURI 1,007 405 | WYOMING 4,362
MONTANA 11,649 2,085
TOTAL. 911,910 392,027

A/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).

27



|
Corporations account for the largest number of owners reporting
acquisitions of forest land or’forest and other nonagricultural
land--58 percent of the|owners_ reported acquiring 87 percent of
the parcels covering 99] percent” £ the acres (table 29). Thirty-
one percent of: the owners were: individuals who reported acquiring
10.percent of the parcels, but only 0.7 percent of the acres.

| .
Owners of parcels with less than 1,000 acres, 78 percent of the
owners, reported acquiring 32 percent of the parcels covering
only 0.7 percent of the/ forest or forest and other nonagri-
cultural lands (table 30). The remaining 22 percent of the
owners, owning parcels with 1,000 or more acres, reported
acquiring 68 percent of! the parcels covering 99.3 percent of
these lands.”

Intended Use

Reports for 97 percent of the acres indicated no change in land
use (table 31). Intended changes to.other agricultural and .
nonagricultural uses were reported for holders of 2 percent of
the acquired acres. Because the form asks for changes by parcels
and not acres, all of these acres may not be affected by the
indicated changes. No reports on intended use were received for
1 percent of the acres.

TABLE 29--U.S. FOREST, AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS
BY TYPE OF FOREIGN OWNER, JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
| (NUMBER )

1
| 7 PARCELS WITH
OWNER owners | |PaRcELS ACRES PARTIAL ACREAGE

REPORTING| REPORTED INTERESTS EQUIVALENT 2/
REPORTED 1/

INDIVIDUAL 1 12 4,529 3 4,507
CORPORATION 241 104 643, 162 aa 65,295
PARTNERSHIP 1 1 160 Q 160
TRUST 3 3 432 ° a32

TOTAL 36 120 648,283 47 70,394

A/ PARCELS WITH PARTIAL INTERESTS ARE THOSE PARCELS WHICH ARE OWNED
ONLY IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR; THAT IS, A PERCENTAGE INTEREST
LESS THEN 100’ PERCENT.

2/ ACREAGE EQUIVALENT EQUALS THE TOTAL ACREAGE REPORTED MULTIPLIED
By THE PERCENTAGE HELD BY THE FOREIGN OWNER.

TABLE 30--FOREIGN ACQUISITIONS OF U.S. FOREST AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL

LAND BY SIZE OF ACQUISITION, JANUARY. 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
!
SIZE owners PARCELS ACRES VALUE
(ACRES) REPORTING REPORTED (NUMBER ) (1,000
(NUMBER ) (NUMBER ) _ DOLLARS) 1/
I
LESS THAN: 20 5 6 45 59
20-59 5 5 150 462
60-99 6 6 452 851
100-299 8 17 1,597 1,011
300-999 4 4 2,261 744
/ 1000 OR MORE _8 82 643,778 21,933
TOTAL 36 120 648,283. { 25,057.

y
4/  VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).

36



Under ‘the regulations, the reporting entity (other than an
individual: or government) , whether domestic or foreign, is
required to provide information (names, addresses, citizenship,
and the nature of the entity, if any) on the second-tier invest-
ments; that is, all foreign persons holding a significant. inter-
est or substantial control in the reporting entity. In turn, a
second-tier entity may be required to provide information. about
foreign persons who hold a significant interest or substantial
control in that entity.

When the foreign person. is an individual from, or an entity
created under the laws of, for example, Germany, the report is
processed as "Germany." Where persons from many different
countries hold direct and indirect interests in one piece of.
land, an attempt, is Made to identify the predominant country as
the country of origin. When there is no predominant country--for
example, an equal partnership between a Canadian and a German--
the report is processed as "Multiple." Reports filed by U.S.
corporations with foreign shareholders are classified "U.S./-
(foreign country) . For example, a U.S. corporation with a
Canadian shareholder |who has. a significant interest or substan-
tial control is. processed as "U.S./Canada." Similarly, a U.S.
corporation owned by [another U.S. corporation in which a Canadian
corporation has a significant interest or substantial control is
processed as "U.S./Canada." Where foreign shareholders with a
significant interest jor substantial control are from‘a number of
countries, none of which predominates, the report is processed as
"U.S./Multiple." If [three or more tiers of U.S. corporations are
listed with no foreign interest indicated, the report-.is pro-
cessed as "U.S. /Third Tier." .Noncorporate entities with U.S.
interests are processed under the predominant country of origin.

U.S. agricultural land owned by a U.S. entity deemed a foreign
person under: the act | (the party legally responsible for providing
the information required by the act) is reported from the stand-
point of the U.S. entity rather than that of the foreign share-
holder.

The AFIDA procedures provide for land to be reported by parcels.
All land held in the|same manner (type of interest), located in
one county, and acquired at the same time, is considered a parcel
and is to be reported on a single form. Land does not have to be
adjacent to be considered part of one parcel. This parcel con-
cept is intended to éase the reporting burden.

All parcels (and acres) for each owner have been combined under
each owner. Therefore, the number of owners is less than the
number of parcels. However, because owners do not always report
their names in exactly the same way on each form, it is difficult
to attribute these forms with great precision to one person or
legal entity. .Some foreign persons hold land in their own names
and. also hold interests in entities that own other lands. These
entities are treated |as separate owners.



Figure 3

Trends in Foreign Ownership of Agricultural Land by Type of Use, 1981-90

Millon ecros:
15

144

13 4

. . . Forest
4 : .

Nonag
Other ag

Pasture

Crop

— : a ; es z
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 © 1987 1988 1989 1990

T

Cropland rose from 1.7, million acres in 1981 to 2.4 million
acres in 1990; pasture, from 2.8 to.3.7 million acres; and other -
agriculture, from 0.5 to 0.7. million acres.

Program Costs and Penalties

Administration of the |AFIDA program for obtaining and analyzing
the data required an estimated 10.4 staff-years at a cost of
approximately $379, 006 to USDA for the past year, of:which the
Agricultural stabilization and Conservation Service contributed
approximately 9.7 staff-years at an estimated cost of $324,000.
The remaining costs and staff-years are attributable primarily to
the Economic Research|Service, with some contributions by the
Office of the General|Counsel and’ the Office of Public Affairs.

During fiscal year 1990, USDA assessed 77 penalties for late
filings, totaling $130,000.

46



TABLE 10--ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS OF FOREIGN-OWNED U.S, AGRICULTURAL LAND, BY DATE
fpanuary 1981 - DECEMBER 1990 .
adoutsir10Ns DISPOSITIONS
DATE i
PARCELS IACRES VALUE PARCELS ACRES VALUE
REPORTED (NUMBER) (1,000 REPORTED (NUMBER) (4,000
(NUMBER) DOLLARS) 41/ (NUMBER) DOLLARS) 1/
1981
UANUARY 150 60,085 105.041 53 44,136 29,207
FEBRUARY 152 44,004 87,272 34 10,826 17,099
MARCH 282 | 2,488,674 1,920,768 44 105, 183 31,220
APRIL 174 104,789 126.616 55 50,437 35.157
MAY 186 137,591 222.336 5s 10,853 17,352
JUNE 195 115,553 111,742 59 50,728 35,889
yULY 176 137,844 183,462 54 61,558 41,688
AUGUST 496 | 376.852 167.4314 48 26.419 58,695
SEPTEMBER 156 3,192 105,219 40 5.287 8.718
OCTOBER 155 110,969 64,853 46 18,185 13,800
NOVEMBER 154 75,142 76.624 50 237154 18,752
DECEMBER img | 143,428 108,537 6t 31.421 35.779
MULTIPLE 7 1,846 2.018 1 14 204
TOTAL 2,132 | 3,819,969 3,281,919 597 438,198 343,560
1982 2
UANUARY 191 90,472 1531854 63 32,935 44,128
FEBRUARY 104 52.752 74,331 36 25,870 17,294
MARCH 142 50,444 911443 33 7.042 44,202
APRIL 121 55,098 67.163 36 28,631 20,502
MAY 118 83,935 64,285 39 9.156 26.175
JUNE, 139 78.924 65,084 aT 29.471 39.797
vULY 135 70,441 87,531 39 11,608 19,166
AUGUST 106 189,894 92,226 31 15.860 23.957
SEPTEMBER 72 27,359 29,208 26 5.414 5,375
OCTOBER 93 | 38,300 34,262 43 2.830 2.727
NOVEMBER 87 124,989 156,086 38 18,900" 64,881
DECEMBER a1 36.314 55.668 54 15,148 19,529
MULTIPLE 7 5.552 3.875 ° ° °
TOTAL 1,406 904,474 975,016 485 202.865 294,733
1983
UANUARY 95 30,344 55.392 28 12,379 14,784
FEBRUARY 16 44,525 45,561 35° 125.211 23,649
MARCH 78 22.281 46.234 33 8B, 104 15,202
APRIL 109 86.930 57,898 70 20.300 22.575
MAY 413 35,880 65.891 68 27,497 18.420
JUNE 74 29,725 56.413 58 7.086 A1,622
yULY 85 46,386 46,497 a9 17,215 26,852
AUGUST 70 33.685 30.760 53 34,153 23,677
SEPTEMBER 1m 104,823 98,673 38 111032 12,146
OCTOBER 48 19,091 27.416 ay 4.574 28,029
NOVEMBER 76 54,534 324,232 60 173,672 290.725
DECEMBER 76 31,946 63.249 72 15.434 33,879
TOTAL 971 540, 150 918,216 605 ASG ,654 551,560"
1984
UANUARY 4113 318,525 138,376 126 55,223 56.439
FEBRUARY 40 17,482 46,058 27 13,920 22,447
MARCH 67 78,118 89,462 52 26,609 24,878
APRIL “ 73 72.703 94.754 46 33.869 40.210
MAY 66 14,034 19,148 39 7,821 10.568
JUNE 73 50.632 68,270 a2 29,884 37.044
JULY 52 14,053 155.774 a7 14,162 24,759
AUGUST 66 35,580 90,125 39 12,888 30,388
SEPTEMBER 53 24,607 40,282 50 6,248 9,635
OCTOBER 42 19,114 34,521 30 17.256 26,744
NOVEMBER 46 43.760 44,772 59 13,820 16,282
DECEMBER 88 964,261 278,404 70 836.219 101,439
MULTIPLE 1 170 575 ° ° °
TOTAL 786 1,659,036 1,097,478 627 1,067,613 400,830
1985
UANUARY 50 114,392 72.864 2a 7,182 9,876
FEBRUARY 28 8.811 24,ats 19 12.167 10,931
MARCH 42 13,336 88.121 27 5.720 16,476
APRIL 45 17,039 20.663 46 9,045 12,706
MAY at 60.793 23.631 33 2.791 6,222
JUNE: 38 20,439 21,821 25 6.140 11,089
JULY 45 67.647 49,427 26 1,966 3,390
AUGUST 32 7,849 15,027 30 7.406 4,098
SEPTEMBER 443 1,754,813 39.776 24 192,714 14,548
OCTOBER 87 14,108 38,403 32 14,878 7.834
NOVEMBER 25 8.705 26.469 17 6.123 7.059
DECEMBER 134 82,149 70.549 143 36.540 49,426
“MULTIPLE 1 439 293 ° ° °
TOTAL 6s1| 2,170,520 491,459 A496 322,669 150.655
CONTINUED --

44



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
ECONOMIC RESEARCH SERVICE
1301 NEW YORK AVENUE, NW.
WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4788



TABLE 38--DISPOSITIONS OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND RY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER, BY U.S. REGION,
UANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
| (NUMBER )
‘ SOUTH wesT NORTHEAST MIDWEST
COUNTRY | :
Parcets.| Acres | PaRceLS | Acres | PARCELS | ACRES | PARCELS | ACRES
REPORTED REPORTED REPORTED REPORTED

: 1
ARGENTINA ° a) 1 87 ° ° ° cc)
AUSTRIA 1 2 ° ° ° ° ° °
BERMUDA ° ° 2 sg 1 344 ° °
BRITISH VIRGIN. ISLANDS 1 91 ° °. ° ° 4 4,610
CANADA 3 761 6 3,388 17, 48,783 °
CAYMAN ISLANDS ° ° ° ° ° ° 1 218
FRANCE 4 432 ° ° ° ° ° °
GERMANY 15 7.846 1 156 1 324 3 620
HONG KONG 1 8 ° ° ° ° ° °
UAPAN 1 | 98 ° ° ° ° ° °
MEXICO ° ° 3 163 ° ° ° °
NETHERLANDS, 2 288 ° ° ° ° ° °
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES ° ° 1 120 6 406 | 1 237
SWITZERLAND 5 3.194 ° ° 4 1,245 ° °
UNITED KINGDOM 2 | "120 ° ° 5 +162 ° °
VENEZUELA ° ° ° ° 1 14 ° °
MULTIPLE 1 12 ° ° ° ° ° °

SUBTOTAL 1/ , 36 14 3,943 35 52.278 9 5.685
US/BERMUDA 1 3 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/BRITISH VIRGIN

ISLANDS 2 226 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/CANADA 3 2a7 2 16,091 1 224 10 1,592
US/FRANCE 2 100 ° ° 63. 42,485 ° °
US/GERMANY 3 139 1 153 ° ° ° °
US/GREECE ° ° ° ° ° ° 2 244
US/HONG KONG . ° ° 1 97 ° ° ° oa.)
US/ITALY 2 1,500 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/UAPAN ° ° 4 3,529 ° ° ° °
US/LIECHTENSTEIN ° ° 1 40 ° ° 1 170
US/NETHERLANDS 2 1,799 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/NETHERLANDS ANTILLES ° ° 2 1,299 ° ° ° °
US/PANAMA ° ° 3 615 ° ° ° °
US/SWITZERLAND 17 963 5 - 70,736 ° ° ° °
US/UNITED KINGDOM 58 4,686 10 2,235 1 3 2 425

SUBTOTAL 2/ 90 9,663 29 | 94,795 65° 12,712 15 2,431
TOTAL ALL

LAND DISPOSITIONS 126 43° 98,738 100 ° 94,990 24 8.116

22.515

i

TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S.
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S.- CORPOR:

42

CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
TIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.



TABLE 8--U.S. AGRICI

LTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER,

5 . DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)

COUNTRY OWNERS . PARCELS ACRES
ARGENTINA 3a 40 12,973
AUSTRALIA 12 4a 31319
AUSTRIA : 53 7 55.889
BAHAMAS 32 47 34.894
BAHRAIN 5 5
BARBADOS 1 3
BELGIUM 89 106
BELIZE a 6
BERMUDA a7 61
BOLIVIA 2 2
BRAZIL 3 6
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS | . 28 43
CANADA 1,428 1,799
CAYMAN ISLANDS aa 50
CHILE 5 5
CHINA 6 7
COLOMBIA at 36
COSTA RICA 7 °
+ CUBA 2 2
CZECHOSLOVAKIA 4 5
DENMARK 49 23
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 12 412
ECUADOR 23 30
EGYPT 13 15
EL SALVADOR | 4 5
FINLAND \ 1 2
FRANCE 1 144 176
GAMBIA ° 1 1
GERMANY 1 1,072 1,653
GREECE . 18 24
GUATEMALA 10 1"

GUYANA 1 1

HONDURAS 14 11

HONG -KONG 63 93

HUNGARY ’ 2

INDIA "4 13

INDONESIA 3 5

TRAN at 24

IRELAND 10 16

ISRAEL 6 7

ITALY i 28 a2

IVORY COAST 1 1

YAMAICA 3 4

UAPAN 66 87 174,587
YORDAN 17 19 2,343
KAMPUCHEA t 1 31
KOREA. (SOUTH) 6 6 605
KUWAIT 8 9 1.695
Laos. 1 , 1 at
LEBANON aa as 13,282
LIBERIA 18 24 30,024
LIECHTENSTEIN 120 166 144,566
LUXEMBOURG 7 40 6.485
MALAYSIA A 8 7,948
MEXICO 217 2e1 159,399
MONTSERRAT 4 1 145
Morocco 2 5 1,035
NAMIBIA 2 3 197
NETHERLANDS 455 704 127,208
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 321 416 363,035
NEW ZEALAND a a 463
NICARAGUA 3 4 1,378
NIGERIA 1 1 1a
NORWAY 24 24 5.526
OMAN, 2 5 45a
PAKISTAN 7 9 2.474
PANAMA 140 202 192,690
PERU 18 19 278
PHILIPPINES 32 43 3,820
POLAND 1 1 3447
PORTUGAL 4 5 B16
ST VINCENT 2 4 2,637
SAUDI ARABIA 40 : 87 98,528
SINGAPORE 5 5 568
SOMALIA 1 1 4
SOUTH AFRICA 6 6 1,940
SOUTHERN RHODESIA 1 1 230
SPAIN 16 16 2.162
SWEDEN 26 33 28,983
SWITZERLAND 958 a4 296.796
SYRIA 7 9 4,706
TAIWAN 25 28 14,281
TANZANIA 2 2 10.143
THATLAND 2 4 240
TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 4 4 131
TURKEY 2 2 558
TURKS ISLANDS 8 ’ 12 3,192
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 9 12 3.702
UNITED KINGDOM 235 923 311,906
URUGUAY 6 8 14.370
—_———_—- CONTINUED ~~



TABLE 24--FOREIGN OWNERSHIP OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS BY U:S. REGION,
JANUARY 1 ~ DECEMBER 31, 1990 '

(NUMBER)
| ; : :
SOUTH | WEST NORTHEAST MIDWEST
COUNTRY 7 1 ra
ce PARCELS ACRES — | PARCELS ACRES PARCELS ACRES PARCELS ACRES ©
, REPORTED | REPORTED REPORTED REPORTED °
AUSTRIA 1 87 ° ° ° ° ° °
BELGIUM ° ° ° ° ° ° 1 962
CANADA 7 4,243 4 3,915 57 601,911 ° °
DENMARK ° a) ° ° ° ° 1 93
FRANCE 2 jant ° ° 4 3.100 4 700
GERMANY 16 3,700 4 637 ° ° 5 1,112
HONG KONG ° | ° 1 185 ° ° ° °
UAPAN 1 50 4 268 1 104 ° 0.
KOREA (SOUTH) 1 | 20 0 ° ° ° oO. °
LEBANON ° | 0 ° ° ° ° 1 176
LIECHTENSTEIN 4 9,156 °o , ° ° ° 1 168
MEXICO 4 tit ° ° ° ° 1 58
NAMIBIA ° | oo ° 0 ° ° 1: 91
NETHERLANDS , 5 1,413 1 - 409 3 116 ‘2 972
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 2 827 ° ° ° ° 1 274
NEW ZEALAND 1 113 ° ° ° ° ° °°
PANAMA ° ° 1 461 ° ° ° }O
SOMALIA ° | ° ° ° 1 it ° °
SOUTH AFRICA ° ° ° ° 1 200 ° °
SPAIN ° a) 1 164 ° ° ° °
SWEDEN 1 | 665 2 21,346 ° ° ° °
SWITZERLAND 2 | 4a 4 70,651 ° ° ° °
TAIWAN 1 4,337 ° ° ° ° 1 159
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 1 |" 2 ° ° ° ° ° °
UNITED KINGDOM 13 5,077 ° ° 1 81 2 704
MULTIPLE 1 | to9 ° ° ° ° 1 69
THIRD TIER 1 e120 ° ° ° ° ° °
SUBTOTAL 1/ 64 27,893 22 98,036 65 605,523 22 5.838
US/BAHAMAS ° ° 1 3.244 ° ° ° °
US/BELGIUM 5 5,851 1 56 ° ° 4 $53
US/BERMUDA 2 103 0 ° 1 360 ° °
US/BRAZIL ° ° ° ° ) ° 3 ana
US/GRITISH VIRGIN :
ISLANDS 1 ° ° ° ° °
US/CANADA 7 3 21,161 s 1,752 2 1,311
US/DENMARK 1 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/FRANCE 27 a 3.10 ° ° 1 108
US/GERMANY 9 6 9,716 ° ° 3 662
US/IRELAND 1 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/ITALY 1 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/UAPAN 5 44 15,639 ° ° 22 2,370
US/LIECHTENSTEIN ° 1 475 ° ° ° °
US/LUXEMBOURG 1 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/MEXICO ° ° 1 8,837 ° ° ° °
US/NETHERLANDS 2 90 ° ° ° ° 1 1"
US/SAUDI ARABIA 1 307 ° ° 0 ° ° °
US/SWITZERLAND 4 2,559 4 6,098 ° ° ° °
US/TAIWAN ° ° ° ° °, ° 1 225
US/UNITED KINGDOM 13 2.893 8 1,274 2 712 12 18.412
SUBTOTAL 2/ 80 777.991 39 69,672 8 2,824 ag 24,133
TOTAL ALL -
LAND. ACQUISITIONS 144 105,884 61 167,708 73° 608,347 ca 29,971
i
4/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. onrarar rons WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
€

32



List of Tables

Table
1. U.S agricultural landholdings of foreign owners by
State, December 31, 1990... .. 2. 6 2. 2 ee ee eee
2. U.S. agricultural landholdings by type of foreign
owner, December 31, 1990 . 2. 2 «2 2 ee we we ew ewe
3. Foreign owners of U.S. agricultural landholdings by
State, December 31, 1990... 2. 2.2 2 2 wie ek ee ee
4. Foreign-owned U.S. agricultural landholdings by size of
holding, December 31, 1990... .... 2. ee eevee
5. Value of U.S. agricultural landholdings by type of
foreign owner, December 31, 1990... .. 2. ee ee!
6. Value of foreign-owned U.S. agricultural landholdings
by date of acquisition, December 31, 1990 ,......
7. Value of foreign-owned U.S. agricultural landholdings
by State, December 31, 1990 ...... 2... 2. 2 82 ©
8. U.S. agricultural landholdings by country of foreign
owner, December 31, 1990... 2 2 2 2 we ee ew ew ee ee
9. Foreign ownership of U.S. agricultural landholdings by
U.S. region, December 31, 1990... . 2. 2's ee wee
10. Foreign-owned U.S. agricultural landholdings by type of
interest, method of acquisition, and owner-
representative, December 31, 1990 ......5.-.4e446-6
11. Use of U.S. agricultural landholdings by country of
foreign owner, December 31, 1990 .......-.-+e4-24-6
12. U.S. forest and other nonagricultural landholdings of
foreign owners by State,-December 31,,1990.......
13. U.S. forest and other nonagricultural landholdings by
country of foreign owner, December 31, 1990 ......
14. U.S. forest and other nonagricultural landholdings by.
type of foreign owner, December 31, 1990 ........
15. Foreign-owned U.S. forest and other nonagricultural
landholdings by size of holding, December 31, 1990...
16. Intended use of U.S. agricultural landholdings of
foreign owners, December 31, 1990 ........4.-.
17. Tenure of foreign-owned U.S. agricultural landholdings,

December 31, .1990  . 2. 2 1 we ew ew ww we ew ee ee

10

11

13

14

16

19

20

23

24

25

25

25

26


No change in intended use was

acres (table 16).

usage were reported

Reports for 3 percent of the

nonagricultural use is intended.
mean, however, that all of these a
reports do mean is that the holder.

reported for 94 percent of the
Intended use changes to other agricultural

for holders of 2 percent of the acres.

acres indicate that some change to

change the use of: some of the acreage.

does not ask how many acres will b
ing 1 percent of the acres did not

e involved.

Such reports do. not. necessarily
cres will be-changed. What the
Ss of these acres intended to

However, the report: form

Reports represent-
indicate intended use.

TABLE 14--U.S. FOREST AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS
BY TYPE OF FOREIGN OWNER, DECEMBER 31, 1990

(NUMBER )
PARCELS WITH ACREAGE
OWNER OWNERS PARCELS. ACRES PARTIAL EQUIVALENT 2/
: INTERESTS 1/
INDIVIDUAL 350 413 112,071 35 110,813
CORPORATION 317 1,390 6,502,274! 134 4,954,522
PARTNERSHIP 101 153 202,044 21 197,990
ESTATE 2 2 1,611 ° 1,611
TRUST 22 43 32,650 ° 32,650
OTHER 4 5s B65 ° B65
+: TOTAL 796 2,006 6,851,515 190 5,298,451

d/ PARCELS WITH PARTIAL INTERESTS ARE THOSE PARCELS WHICH’ ARE OWNED ONLY

IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR; THAT IS,

100 PERCENT.

A PERCENTAGE INTEREST LESS THAN

2/_ ACREAGE EQUIVALENT EQUALS THE TOTAL ACREAGE REPORTED MULTIPLIED BY
THE PERCENTAGE HELD BY THE FOREIGN OWNER.

TABLE

15--FOREIGN-OWNED ‘U.S.

FOREST AND

OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS

BY SIZE OF HOLDING, DECEMBER 31, 1990

SIZE OWNERS PARCELS ACRES
(ACRES) (NUMBER) (NUMBER) (NUMBER )
LESS THAN 20 102 105 1,158
20-59 163 172 5,447
60-99 69 75 5,277
100-299 157 199 26,778
300-s99 142 234 82,663
1000 OR MORE 163 1,221 6.730.192

TOTAL 796 2,006 6,851,515

TABLE 1G--INTENDED USE OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS OF FOREIGN OWNERS,
DECEMBER 31, 1990

(NUMBER )
ITEM NO CHANGE OTHER OTHER NON- NOT TOTAL
. AGRICULTURE | AGRICULTURE] REPORTED

INDIVIDUAL:

PARCELS REPORTED 3,826 172 414 55 4,164

ACRES 873,271 60,508 7,434 7,360 948,573
ORGANIZATION:

PARCELS REPORTED 7,213 393 973 157 8,736

ACRES 12,714,417 230,971 350,265 201,815 13,497,168
TOTAL:

PARCELS REPORTED 11,039 565 1,084 212 12,900

ACRES 291,479 14,445,741

13,587,388

357,699 209,175

25


was based on the national average change in farmland value. over
time. - The adjusted current values are not presented as absolute
values: for the foreign-owned land in this report but should be
viewed as approximations of change. in.value.

The data in table 6 are not. intended in any manner to indicate
trends over time in the level of acquisitions by foreign persons.

TABLE 6--VALUE OF FOREIGN-OWNED-U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS
BY DATE OF ACQUISITION, DECEMBER 31, 1990

ACRES ACRES
WITH PURCHASE WITH NoN-
DATE PARCELS ACRES PURCHASE PRICE 1/ NON- PURCHASE
ACQUIRED (NUMBER ) (NUMBER) PRICE (4,000 PURCHASE PRICE 1/
REPORTED DOLLARS) PRICE (1,000
(NUMBER) REPORTED | DOLLARS)
(NUMBER)
1990 349 911,910 848,135 296,198 63,775 955829
1989 873 1,443,713 1,333,844 822,662 109,869 185,820
1988 588 1,182,931 793,172 645,980 389,759 157,794
1987 430 553,635 441,077 319,550 112,558 72,735
1986 616 1,869,188 1,647,390 365,041 221,798 171,324
1985 391 370,227 246,353 317,923 123,874 58,085
1984 519 | 1,033,733 957,857 563,515 75,876 163,294
1983 - 603 368,469 341,020 440,391 27,449 21,664
1982 175° 606,623 388,192 532,024 218,431 80, 106
1981 1,159 967.597 663.598 831,248 303,999 90,234
1980 1,099 683,716 651.440 877,991 32.276 65,087
1979 1,424 941,112 893,448 1, 153,667 47,664 31,726
1978 1,095 838.153 529,585 564,295 8,568 7,364
1977 748 389,039 376,949 335,146 12,090 6.400
1976 430 439,374 359,877 212,151 79,497 10,704
1975 263 206,005 203,038 101,559 2.967 , 1,606
1974-70 869 478,467 428,745 302,362 49,722 12,891
1969-60 575 781,338 688.760 76,833 92,578 7.672
BEFORE 1960 326 658.646 554,000, + 41,652 104,646 5.432
NO REPORT 8 21,865 21,865 7.103 °o.. °
TOTAL 12,900 14,445,741 12,368,345 8,807,291 2,077,396 1, 145,764
‘ACRES REPORTED ADUUSTED
WITH CURRENT CURRENT
CURRENT VALUE 2/ VALUE 3/
VALUE (1,000 (4,000
REPORTED DOLLARS) . DOLLARS)
(NUMBER)
1990 911,910 390,093 390,093
1989 : 1,443,713 916,188 934,512
1988 1,182,931 812,707 869,596
1987 553,635 397,960 445,715
1986 1,869, 188 637,597 694,981
1985 370, 189 383,821 376,145
1984 1,033,528 727,707 625,828
1983 : 367,204 . 468.701 374,961
1982 604,697 661,842 516,237
1981 959,668 944,779 699,136
1980 590,323 789,396 615,729
1979 856, 148 ) uy 1,009,371 878,153
1978 461,069 590,686 513,897
1977 275,170 529,963 . 461,068
1976 383,563 251,324 218,652
1975 143,900 129,932 113,041
1974-70 328,861 379,129 329,842
1969-60 423,231 195,504 170,088
BEFORE 1960 620,595 105,896 92,130
NO’ REPORT , 21,708 . 18,092 15.740
TOTAL 13,401,228 10,340,688 9,335,543

4/. PURCHASE PRICE AND NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE) AT TIME OF ACQUISITION.
2/ REPORTED CURRENT VALUE REFLECTS VALUE AT TIME OF REPORTING AFTER FEBRUARY 1,

197!

3/ REPORTED CURRENT VALUE ADJUSTED TO JANUARY 1, 1990, REPORTED CURRENT VALUE FOR
HOLDINGS ACQUIRED IN 1990 IS UNADUJUSTED.

11


TABLE 9--FOREIGN OWNERSHIP OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY U.S. REGION,
DECEMBER 31, 1990--CONTINUED

(NUMBER)
soUTH West NORTHEAST MIDWEST
COUNTRY
Parcecs | acres | PaRcELS | ACRES | PARCELS | ACRES | PARCELS | ACRES

URUGUAY 1 1,552 2 320 ° ° 5 9.498
U.S.S.R. ° ° 1 80 4 761 ° °
VENEZUELA 106 10,845 1 537 22 3.706 - 5 2.751
VIETNAM 1 152 ° ° ° ° ° °
YUGOSLAVIA 1 863 ° ° ° ° 1 160
MULTIPLE 45 10,106 25 41,159 3 1,802 2 277
THIRD TIER 12. 12.067 8 42.650 ° ° 4° 12,594

SUBTOTAL 1/ 3.951 1,662,422 2.243 1,578,294 1,182 1,760,076 1,067 465,477
US/ANDORRA ° ° 1 3.744 ° Oo; ° °
US/ARGENTINA 2 580 ° a) ° ° “4 3.675
US/AUSTRALIA 3 676 1 37 1 50 3 642
US/AUSTRIA 3 5,542 6 13,939 ° ° ° °
US/BAHAMAS W 24,706 18 37,016 4 4,179 6 5,407
US/BARBADOS, ° ° 1 at ° ° ° °
US/BELGIUM 42 34,913 7 38,544 4 100 39 8,180
US/BERMUDA 51 28.682 6 7,998 7 1,654 3 430
US/BRAZIL 8 6.520 ° °. ° ° 38 7,395
US/BRITISH VIRGIN

ISLANDS 6 2,630 2 480 ° ° ° °
US/CANADA 496° 366.180 197 238,564 123 952,004 133. 373,574
US/CAYMAN ISLANDS 16 9083 2 1,981 1 250 4 70
US/CHILE ° 3 9.929 ° ° ° °
US/CHINA 7 14,696 1 322 ° ° ° °
Us/COLOMBIA ' 9 9,994 ° ° 1 160 ° °
US/COSTA RICA 1 407 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/OENMARK 4 1,222 5s 5.696 ° ° 1 127
US/ECUADOR 3 11632 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/EGYPT 8 1.714 3 249 ° ° ° °
US/EL SALVADOR 5 533 ° ° °o |. ° ° °
US/FINLAND 4 3.047 ° ° ° ° 4 60
US/FRANCE 270 304,652 49 11,817 56 705.650 26 © 48,790
US/GERMANY 237 147,833 42 | 238.471 45° 13.125 52. 28,023
US/GREECE . 2 4,715 2 4,957 1 145, ° °
US/GUATEMALA 3 442 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/GUYANA 2 334 ° ° ° ° ° £9
US/HONDURAS 1 37 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/HONG KONG 5 8,055 19 122,604 ° ° a) °
US/INDONESIA 1 197 ° Oo: ° ° ° °
US/IRAN 3 955 4 1,012. ° ° ° °
US/TRAQ ° ° 4 800 ° ° ° °
US/IRELANDTM 9 3.004 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/ITALY 12 18,679 1 160 5 984 2 “391
US/UAPAN 57 19.360 77 147,592 10 188.001 85° | 12,340
US/KENYA 1 32 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/KOREA (SOUTH) 1 10 1 75 ° ° ° °
US/KUWATT 4 427 4 6,066 1 772 3 296
US/LEBANON 4 550 ° ° 2 153 70 °
US/LIBERIA 9 5,120 3 17,973 s 3,590 ° °
US/LIBYAN ARAB REPUBLIC ° ° 3 280 ° ° ° °
US/LIECHTENSTEIN . 33. 23,102 45 21,229 4 760 12° |6,830
US/LUXEMBOURG 4 9.707 15 | 222,241 1 94 1 203
US/MALAYSIA ° ° 1 300 ° ° ° °
US/MEXICO 30-39, 161 25 © 240.877 ° ° ° °
US/NETHERLANDS 139° «68.638 137 220.896 17 2.904 261 936.336
US/NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 116 187,264 28 28,083 4 1287 25 8.831
US/NEW HEBRIDES 1 22408 1 883 ° ° ° °
US/NEW ZEALAND 2 332 1 46,678 ° ° ° °
US/NICARAGUA 2 282 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/NORWAY 7 8.161 ° ° - 2 172 ° °
US/PANAMA 44 38,079 23 83,637 12 4,868 10 3.271
US/PHILIPPINES 8 6,956 2 223 1 631 ° °
US/PORTUGAL, 2 11683 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/QATAR 1 219 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/SAUDI ARABIA 48 18,417 ° ° ° ° 9 1,388
US/SOUTH AFRICA 4 4.404 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/SPAIN 3 296 9 2,320 2 1,548 1 50
US/SWEDEN 3 2.062 ° ° 1 107 5 912
US/SWITZERLAND +178 145,911 109 70,465 24 41,284 sé 34,197
US/TAIWAN 3 689 40 6.665 ° ° 4 31636
US/THATLAND ° ° 3 252 ° ° ° °
US/TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 1 20 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/TURKEY 2 aa3 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/UNITED ARAB: EMIRATES 4 2.108 ° ° ° ° ° °
US/UNITED KINGDOM 377 988,825 149 1,310,419 85 48,276 213 149,944
us/URUGUAY 1 578 ° ° ° 1 40
US/VENEZUELA 44 35,925 1 1,500 6 548 ° °
US/MULTIPLE 30 10.902 12 8.378 4 | 17,609 18 142,614
US/THIRD TIER 132 382,433 8 3laat ° ° 1 320

SUBTOTAL 2/ 2,846 2,969,834 1,068 3,175,761 429 1,987,905 1,014 845,972
TOTAL ALL

LANDHOLDINGS 5,897 4,692,256 3,911 4,754,055 1,611 3,747,984 2,081 1,911,449

4/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S, CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.

17



TABLE 7--VALUE OF FOREIGN-OWNED U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS
BY STATE, DECEMBER 31, 1990

ACRES REPORTED ADJUSTED

REPORTED WITH CURRENT CURRENT

STATE AND ACRES VALUE 14/ CURRENT VALUE 2/ VALUE '3/

U.S. TERRITORY (NUMBER ) (1,000 VALUE (1,000 (1,000

DOLLARS) REPORTED DOLLARS) DOLLARS)

(NUMBER)

ALABAMA 395,629 201,812 388,178 241,645 261,643
ALASKA 416 255 ANG .255 190
ARIZONA 329,527 314,266 256,538 324,975 277,803
ARKANSAS, 179,283 175,269 174,854 176,063 136,365
CALIFORNIA 911,645 1,820,773 848,847 1,823,140 1,862,082
COLORADO 539,871 320,824 503,516 . 294,015 257,212
CONNECTICUT 1,074 5,376 965 4,157 7,772
DELAWARE 5,870 17,449 5,610 16,495 20,678
FLORIDA 562,752 1,116,254 539,596 1,239, 100 1,572,538
GEORGIA 568,360 524,180 537,309 552,647 584,337
GUAM 336 +389 ° ° °
HAWAII 173,767 491,972 173,533 489,980. 498,885
IDAHO 22,966 22,157 10,017 9,776
ILLINOIS 146,279 142,395 243,332 179,088
INDIANA 60,499 51,956 72,959 56,210
IOWA 31,310 29.367 51,668 30,660
+ KANSAS 73,329 70,641 38,313 29,370
KENTUCKY 84,254 78,160 201,577 204,115
LOUISIANA 678,919 661,658 220,581 161,113
MAINE 3,001,062 2,930,502 251,220 364,931
MARYLAND 50,745 47,322 146,303 161, 168
MASSACHUSETTS, 1,934 1,749 1,144 2,227
MICHIGAN 202,908 201,061 64,250 51,423
MINNESOTA 220,644 78,957 17,944 15,867
MISSISSIPPI 461,830 456,381 200, 120 188,467
MISSOURI 61,130 56,323 86,432 67,098
MONTANA 508,806 476,416 77,206 62,879
NEBRASKA 76,471 74,191 23,279 15,951
NEVADA 173,200 173,120 16,593 14,070
NEW HAMPSHIRE 220,207 219,186 30,655 35,053
NEW JERSEY 21,587 19,542 87,318 211,408
NEW MEXICO 855,266 700,784 92,307 92,987
NEW YORK 264,274 259.341 85,653 110,742
NORTH CAROLINA 229,225 217,896 297,629 286,412
NORTH DAKOTA 30,851 28,437 8,548 "7,156
OHIO 172,303 151,693 178,760 127,379
OKLAHOMA 29,705 29,254 26,451 19,668
OREGON 649,407 614,722 190,489 167,639
PENNSYLVANIA 58,490 57,849 40,.126 55,168
PUERTO RICO 839 B39 938 777
SOUTH CAROLINA 186,956 171,375 178,508 159,259 169,500
SOUTH DAKOTA 42,882 15,234 37,863 14,854 10,727
TENNESSEE 168,410 81,696 163,254 72,750 78,868
TEXAS 1,059,539 1,403,233 915,794 1,382,534 1,301,565
UTAH 88,927 76,271 6,106 131,941 114,617
VERMONT 122,738 83,505 119,979 88,403 132,523
VIRGINIA 118,653 292,217 94,351 279,825 355,540
WASHINGTON . 373.725 149,460 342,023 172,215 173,489
WEST VIRGINIA 76,312 60,849 75.910 60,357 58,443
WISCONSIN 24,433 30,295 21,193 29.749 21,929
WYOMING 126,196 30,086 74,956 24,550 20,704
TOTAL 14,445,741 9,953,055 13,401,228 0,340,688 10,646,212

4/ REPORTED VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE) AT TIME OF

ACQUISITION.

2/ REPORTED CURRENT VALUE REFLECTS VALUE AT TIME OF REPORTING AFTER FEBRUARY 1, 1978.

3/ REPORTED CURRENT VALUE ADJUSTED TO JANUARY

HOLDINGS ACQUIRED IN 1980 IS UNADJUSTED.

13

1, 1990.

REPORTED CURRENT VALUE FOR



Tenure

Tenants and foreign owners operate 42 percent and 28 percent of
the parcels of foreign-held U.S.-agricultural-land, respectively,
whereas managers operate only 9 percent of the parcels (table
17). No.responses to the tenure question were received for the
remaining 21 percent of the parcels... However, tenants operate

24. percent of the acres,| while foreign owners directly operate 45
percent and managers. 7 percent. No responses on tenure were
received for the remaining 24 percent of the acres.

Rental agreements were léported for 4,865 parcels, or 38 percent,
covering 20 percent of the acres. Of the rental agreements, cash
agreements accounted for. 64 percent and cropshare agreements for
34 percent of the parcels.

Tenure Change

No tenure changes. were reported for 47 percent of the parcels, or
48 percent of the acres | (table 17). Reports for 30 percent of
the parcels containing 25 percent of the acres indicate a new
tenure arrangement on at least part of the land. The acreage
affected by the new tenure arrangements is not reported. Thus,
the acreage may be overstated; that is, all of the acres in these
parcels. are not necessarily affected by new tenure arrangements.
_Nevertheless, reports for 0.3. percent. of the parcels, accounting
for.0.2 percent of the acres, indicated that some of the tenure
arrangements would remain the same and some would change. No
responses on tenure changes were. received for 22 percent of the
parcels containing 27 percent of the acres.

TABLE 17--TENURE OF FOREIGN-OWNED
U.S! AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS,

DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER )
rendre PARCELS ACRES
i
CURRENT: . .
FOREIGN OWNER . 3,559 6,484,436
MANAGER 1,206 1,038,831
: TENANT 5,386 3,474,972
NO REPOR’ 2,738 3,437,535
TOTAL 12,900 14,445,741
RENTAL:
CROP 1,675. 596,242
CASH 3,116 2,243,727
BOTH . 14 'g2,537
NO REPORT 4,476 5,038,799
NOT APPLICABLE 3,559 6,481,436
TOTAL 12,900 14,445,741
INTENDED CHANGE:
NONE 6,125 6,927,497
NEw 3,888 3,651,900
BOTH | 34 29,091
NO REPORT 2,853 3,837,253
TOTAL 12,900 . 14,445,744

26



company owns various percentage interests in 1,138,629 acres;
another company owns 256,677: acres, and the other two companies,
accounting «for 1,196, 154 acres, are U.S. corporations in which
there are substantial foreign interests.

Hawaii, New Hampshire, and Arizona have the next largest
proportions of reported . foreign-owned agricultural land to all
privately owned agricultural land in their States. ‘Texas has the
second largest amount |of foreign-owned acreage, 1,059,539 acres,
but that amounts.to only 0.7 percent of the privately owned
agricultural land in Texas.

Characteristics of Foreign Owners

Type _ of Foreign owner! Individuals are the most common ‘type of
owner. They account for ‘42 percent of the owners, followed by
corporations, 40 percént, and partnerships, 14 percent (table 2).
The remaining 4 percent of the owners are estates, trusts,
institutions, associations, and. others such as: real estate in-
vestment trusts, church groups, and foreign organizations not
identifiable with the |above. categories.

Corporations own 53 percent of the parcels and 83 percent of the
acreage; individuals, |32 percent of the parcels and 6 percent of
the acreage; partnerships, 12 percent of the parcels and 9
percent. of the acreage; and all others, 3 percent: of the parcels
and 2 percent of the acreage. When partial interests are taken
into account, foreign-+owned acreage drops from 14.4 million acres
to 12.5 million, but distribution among the types of owners
remains relatively the-same.

Corporate-held parcels average 1,745 acres, or 3,880 acres per
holder, while individual-held parcels average 228 acres, or 297
acres per holder. Partnership holdings average 867 acres per
parcel, or 1,226 acres per holder, and all other holdings average
624 acres per parcel, jor 852 acres per holder.

TABLE 2--U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY TYPE OF FOREIGN OWNER,
DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER )

: PARCELS WITH ACREAGE
OWNER OWNERS PARCELS ACRES PARTIAL
INTERESTS 1/ EQUIVALENT 2/

INDIVIDUAL 3,196 4,164 948,573 249 871,032
CORPORATION 3,081 6,852 11,955,175 367 10,236,512
PARTNERSHIP 1,066 1,507 1,306,797 224 1,202,851
ESTATE 10 13 2,587 1 2,573
TRUST 245 328 215,222 6 214,535
INSTITUTION 3 3 1,075 1 1,015
ASSOCIATION 1 2 5,780 2 3,988
OTHER 17 34 10,532 ° | 0,532
Fy
TOTAL 7,619 12,900 14,445,741 BAT 12,543,038

i/ PARCELS WITH badtrad INTERESTS ARE THOSE PARCELS WHICH ARE OWNED
ONLY IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR; THAT IS, A PERCENTAGE INTEREST LESS
THAN 100 PERCENT. \

2/ ACREAGE EQUIVALENT EQUALS THE TOTAL ACREAGE REPORTED MULTIPLTED_B BY
THE PERCENTAGE HELD BY |THE FOREIGN ‘OWNER.

8





There are also notable holdings in Michigan, Minnesota, New
Hampshire, and New York, accounting for another 12 percent of the
acres.

Foreign persons from Canada own 54 percent of the foreign-owned
U.S. forest land or forest and other nonagriculitural. lands (table
13). Foreign persons from the United Kingdom and U.S./France
corporations own an additional 29 and 12 percent, respectively.

Individuals own 21 percent of.the parcels but less than 2 percent
of the acres (table 14). Corporations reported holding 69
percent of the parcels, representing 95 percent: of the acreage.
The remaining 10 percent of the parcels and 3 percent of ithe
acres are held by partnerships, trusts, estates, and others.

When partial interests are taken into account, the acreage
equivalent is 1,553,064 acres less than the acres for which
reports were filed.

Owners of parcels with less than 300 acres, 62 percent of all the
owners, own 27 percent of the parcels covering only 0.6 percent
of the forest land or forest and other nonagricultural land
(table 15). The remaining 38 percent of the owners, owning
parcels with 300 acres or more, own 73 percent of the parcels
covering 99.4 percent of these lands.

Intended Use

Concern has been expressed about farmland being purchased and
taken out of agricultural production. Foreigners do not appear
to be proceeding in this direction to any substantial degree.
However, the following data on intended use and tenure, like much
of the use and value data, are based on information at the time
of filing; they do not reflect subsequent changes.

TABLE 12--U.S. FOREST AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL
LANDHOLDINGS OF FOREIGN OWNERS BY STATE,
DECEMBER 31, 1990

(NUMBER )
STATE STATE
AND U.S. PARCELS ACRES AND _U.S. PARCELS ACRES
TERRITORY TERRITORY

ALABAMA 351 352,076|MISSOURI 12 2,845
ARIZONA 1 13] MONTANA . 9 967
ARKANSAS 16 2,256|}NEW HAMPSHIRE 28 217,225
CALIFORNIA 12 232,476|NEW JERSEY 2 262
COLORADO . 5 3.143]NEW YORK 147 209, £88
CONNECTICUT 2 84|NORTH CAROLINA 64 47,320
FLORIDA 50 43,178|NORTH DAKOTA 1 272
GEORGIA 340 329,373] OHIO 18 1,899
HAWAII 2 289] OKLAHOMA 2 78
IDAHO 2 166 | OREGON . a3 4G3,924
ILLINOIS 8 3,514] PENNSYLVANIA . 17 38,215
INDIANA 1 . 137|]SOUTH CAROLINA 75 115,628
KANSAS 1 11] TENNESSEE 38 129,571
KENTUCKY 12 29,191] TEXAS . 23 10,916
LOUISIANA 28 501,912] VERMONT 162 91,914
MAINE 177 2,967,712] VIRGINIA : 78 16,998
MARYLAND 4 364] WASHINGTON Vi7 286,787
MASSACHUSETTS 4 1,444|WEST VIRGINIA 34 71,810
MICHIGAN 29 181,659|WISCONSIN : 4 1,672
MINNESOTA 48 189,974

MISSISSIPPI . 62 304,252] TOTAL 2,006 6,851,515

23 n ‘


TABLE 11--USE OF U.S.|AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY

COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER,

DECEMBER 31, 1990
(acres) ‘
counrry cropuano | pasture | Forest oruen —forwer non- | rorat
AGRICULTURE | AGRICULTURE

ARGENTINA 8,458 788 169. 5176 12,979
AUSTRALIA 494 S17 886 364 31319
AUSTRIA a 2.605 17,445 651 220" ° 551889
BAHAMAS 12,002 7,409 2.172 2,443 34,894
BAHRAIN ° ° ° 4 553
BARBADOS ° 87 ° 60 117
BELGIUM 53,477 1/853° 1,620 1,017 63,372
+ “BELIZE 235 232 55 2 543
BERMUDA 16,691 +246. 1,274 1,459 72,981
BOLIVIA ° ° 1 ° 4
BRAZIL 303 35 431 7 4,461
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS 54,140 7.580 2.515 192 70,221
CANADA 170,296 1,557,389 40.474 41,085 1,979,913
CAYMAN ISLANDS 51377 21923 11875 573 23,224
CHILE 434 430 240 ° 1,556
CHINA 70 27 168 as 496
COLOMBIA 7.122 37 316 109 8.722
COSTA RICA . . 4.150 100 167 2.413 13,419
cuBA ° 3 12 Oo 20
CZECHOSLOVAKIA 153° 30 30°, 15 485
DENMARK 512 2,042 418 88 9,682
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ° ° 1 120 21128
ECUADOR 92 o.- 676 6 oat
EGYPT 922 384 379 4g 2,134
EL SALVADOR 74 129 ° as 309
FINLAND 218 “oO ° 218
FRANCE 23,102 9,666 22,981 4,786 87,883
GAMBIA 29: ° ° 294
GERMANY 125,942 202,926 29,121 19,888, © 729,924
GREECE 55,651 174 10 106 7.423
GUATEMALA 212 363 35 112 11085
GUYANA ° ° 35 ° 35
HONDURAS 17 °, 60 ° 892
HONG KONG 3,953 4,324 5,994 492 18,200
HUNGARY °. Oa 103s, 7 110
70 70 ato. 01 27 1,687
INDONESIA 312 6 283 53 804
TRAN 542 531 99 128 2.623
TRELAND 6.762 20 24 2.412 10,705
ISRAEL . 355 217 129 16 11067
ITALY 24,092: 7.641 8,482 13,558 83,243
IVORY COAST ° 80 39 ° 119
UAMAICA . 291 800 27 513 1,631
JAPAN 132,969 1.975 13,299 4,768 ° | 1741587
JORDAN 799 255 129 839 2,343
KAMPUCHEA ° ° ° 4 31
KOREA (SOUTH) 78 363 at 8 605
KUWAIT 463 125 67 an 1,635
Laos 16 10 5 ° 31
LEBANON 3,837 1,840 1,747 1,223 13,282
LIBERIA 23/502 4.298 320 1,210 30,024
LIECHTENSTEIN 34,967 161695 7,263 61721. 144.566
LUXEMBOURG 712 21610 632 313 61485
MALAYSIA 6.211 ° ° 2 71948
MEXICO 126, 196 2.815 3,507 5,862 159,399
MONTSERRAT 40 40 ° 2 14
morocco 83 ° 482. 40. 1,035
NAMIBIA . ° 8 ° 4 197
NETHERLANDS 37.635 10,930 19,005 8,193 127,208
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 78,796 52,684 59,563" 10.754 363,035
NEW ZEALAND 201 ° 7: 95 463
NICARAGUA 970 248 60 100 1,378
NIGERIA ° ° ° 14 14
NORWAY 807 154 20a ant 5,526
OMAN 126 126 43 38 454
PAKISTAN ° ° “0 33 2.174
PANAMA 89,978 20,025 15,882 17,383 192,630
PERU 13 2 187 55 278
PHILIPPINES 832 285 987 591 3,820
POLAND 25 50 ° ° 147
PORTUGAL 102 200 ° 17 atc,
ST VINCENT 1,230 1.042 10 60 2,637
SAUDI ARABIA 71301 2iiat 9,083 4,600 38,528
SINGAPORE 68 ° 34 66 568
SOMALIA ° "1 ° ° 4
SOUTH AFRICA 1,357 50 216 10 1,940
SOUTHERN RHODESIA 30 67 ° 2 230
SPAIN 1.158 233 i78 124 2,162
SWEDEN 11989 6.552 17,353 209 28/983
SWITZERLAND 113,929 191992 11,785 45,512. 296,796
SYRIA 808 133 229 717 4.706
TAIWAN 3,229 1,018 294 1,091 14,281
TANZANIA. 35 ° ~ 170 4\938 10,143
THATLAND 120 7 ° ° 240
TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 30 35 ° AR 131
TURKEY 283 ° 116 ° 558
TURKS ISLANDS 391 167 172 72 3,192
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 407 550 805 1,940 ° 3,702

CONTINUED ~~



Table : Page

34. Dispositions of U.S. agricultural land by foreign
owners,. by citizenship of purchasers, January 1-
December 31, 1990 ... 1. 1. ew eee ee ee ee 8D

35. Dispositions of U.S. agricultural land by type of
foreign owner, January 1-December 31, 19909 ....... 39

36. Dispositions of foreign-owned U.S. agricultural land by
size of disposition, January 1-December 31, 1990... . 41

37. Dispositions of U.S. agricultural land by country of ‘
foreign owner, January 1-December 31, 1990 ....... 41

38. Dispositions of U.S. agricultural land by country of
foreign owner, by U.S. region, January 1-
December 31, 1990 .~ 2. 6 6 1 we ew ee ew wee we 42

39. Dispositions of U.S. agricultural land by country of
foreign owner, by use, January 1-December 31, 1990... 43

40. Acquisitions and dispositions of. foreign-
. owned U.S. agricultural land, by date,
January 1981-December 1990 .........:2.2.2.2.. 44


Table . Page

18. U.S. agricultural) land acquisitions of foreign owners
by State, January, 1-December 31, 1990 .... . « .°s's 27

19. U.S. agricultural land acquisitions by type of foreign
owner, January 1-December 31, 1990... .... +... 28

20. Foreign owners ‘of| U.S. agricultural land acquisitions
by State, January, 1-December 31, 1990 .......4.. 29

21. Foreign-owned U.S. agricultural land acquisitions by.
size of acquisition, January 1-December 31, 1990... . 29

22. Value of U.S. agricultural land. acquisitions. by type of
foreign owner, January 1-December 31, 1990 . ...:..-.- 30

23. U.S. agricultural land acquisitions. by country of
foreign owner, January 1-December 31, 1990 ...... . 31

24. Foreign ownership of U.S. agricultural land acquisi-
tions by U.S. region, January 1-December 31, 1990 . .. 32

25. Foreign-owned U.S. agricultural land acquisitions by
type of interest,| method of acquisition, and owner-
representative, January 1-December 31, 1990 ... . 2. 33

26. Use of U.S. agricultural land acquisitions by country
of foreign owner,) January 1-December 31, 1990 ..... 34

27. U.S. forest and other nonagricultural land acqui-
sitions of foreign owners by State, January 1-
December 31, 1990 2. 2. 6 6 ee ee ee ew we we we ew ew 35

28. U.S. forest and other nonagricultural land acqui-
sitions by country of foreign owner, January 1-
December 31, 1990 2. 2 eee ere ee ew we ee ewe 8S

29. U.S. forest and other nonagricultural land. acqui-
sitions by type of foreign owner, January 1-
December 31, 1990 2. eee ee ee ee we ee 86

30. Foreign acquisitions of U.S. forest and other
nonagricultural dana by size of acquisition,
January 1-December 31, 1990) . ... «2 2 2 © © we ee we) 36

31. Intended use of U.S. agricultural land acquisitions of
foreign owners, January 1-December 31, 1990 ....... 37

32. Tenure of foreign-owned U.S. agricultural land
acquisitions, January 1-December 31, 1990 ~» . « «+. . 37

33. Dispositions of U.S. agricultural. land by type of
foreign owners, by State, January 1-December 31, 1990 . 38



Size of Holding. Holdings are concentrated with smaller acreage
held by individuals and larger acreage held by corporations
(tables 2 and 3). Owners of parcels of less than 300 acres (63
percent of all of the foreign owners) hold only 3 percent of the:
land and owners of parcels with 300 acres or more (the remaining
37 percent) -hold 97 percent of the land (table 4). Part of this
concentration may be explained by the definition of agricultural
land, which includes extensive uses of land such as ranching and
forestry and intensive uses of land such as orchards and: vege-
table farms.. The different unit sizes due to differences in use
may also explain part of the acreage differences in foreign-held

land among the States.
TABLE 3--FOREIGN OWNERS OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS
BY STATE, DECEMBER 31, 1990

(NUMBER ).
STATE HINDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATION
AND U.S.
TERRITORY ,
PARCELS ACRES PARCELS ACRES

ALABAMA 25 652 407 394,977
ALASKA ° ° 2 416
ARIZONA 29 11,807 152 317,720
ARKANSAS 73 41,900 122 137,383
CALIFORNIA 231 67,345 981 844,300
COLORADO 134 108,762 209 431, 109
CONNECTICUT Ss 262 14 812
DELAWARE 4 926 9 4,944
FLORIDA 413 27,262 B09 535,490
GEORGIA 165 60,251 596 508,109
GUAM ° ° 20. 336
HAWAIT oni 478 55. 173,289
IDAHO 12... -.- 6,633 : 33 16,333
ILLINOIS 52 11,657 323 134,622
INDIANA 33 5,573 134 54,926 *
IOWA 6s 15,315 62 15,995
KANSAS 27 8,590 75 _ 64,739
KENTUCKY 36 6.820 168 77,434
LOUISIANA AS 27,739 123 651,180
MAINE 26 17,024 173 2,984,038
MARYLAND St 9.632 134 44,113
MASSACHUSETTS 2 : 252 6 1,682
MICHIGAN 46 6.117 69 196,791
MINNESOTA ‘ 20 6,723 110 213,921
MISSISSIPPI 4 943 238 460,887
MISSOURI 32 9,102 106 52,028
MONTANA 55 37,763 93 471,043
NEBRASKA 9 2,703 30 73,768
NEVADA 1 53 17 173,147
NEW HAMPSHIRE 9 1,539 29 218,668
NEW JERSEY 14 1,284 TA 20,306
NEW MEXICO 20 3,652 73 851,614
NEW YORK 270 52,447 157 211,827
NORTH CAROLINA 33 8,274 232 220,951
NORTH DAKOTA 38 11,357 28 19,494
OHIO 49 11,462 412 160.841
OKLAHOMA 5 872 57 28,833
OREGON . 38 19,121 92 630,286
PENNSYLVANIA 24 1,830 78 56,660
PUERTO RICO 4 579 6 260
SOUTH CAROLINA 39 9,628 161 177,328
SOUTH DAKOTA 39 11,444 37 31,438
TENNESSEE 76 18,446 B82 149,964
TEXAS 633 174,505 1,075 885,034
UTAH 515 21,469 26 67,458
VERMONT 369 29,185 166 93,553
VIRGINIA 124 24,946 276 93,707
WASHINGTON . 188 17,885 300 355,840
WEST VIRGINIA 2 15 1,961 37 74,351
WISCONSIN . 7s 12,690 a6 11,743
WYOMING 8 21,716 28 104,480

TOTAL . 4,164 948,573 8,736 13,497,168



tenure was reported for 48 percent of the acres, while some:..: .
change was reported for 25 percent of the acres. No responses
regarding tenure change were received for the remaining‘ 27..
percent of the acres.

Foreign ownership of U.S. agricultural land has remained rela-
tively steady from 1981 through 1990--slightly. above or below’1
percent of the privately owned agricultural land in the United:.:
States. wor

Data gathering and analysis cost the U.S. Department of Agri-
culture approximately $379,000 for 1990.

ix


TABLE 8--U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER,
DECEMBER 31, 1990--CONTINUED

(NUMBER)
COUNTRY OWNERS PARCELS ACRES
U.S.S.R. 2 5 Bat
VENEZUELA 93 134 17,839
VIETNAM 1 1 152
YUGOSLAVIA 2 2 1,023
MULTIPLE 53 75 53,344
THIRD TIER 17 25 67,311
SUBTOTAL 1/ 5.748 7.843 5.466, 269
US/ANDORRA 1 1 3.744
US/ARGENTINA a 6 4,255
US/AUSTRALIA 7 8 1,405
US/AUSTRIA 10° 15 191484
US/BAHAMAS 14 39 714.308
US/BARBADOS 1 1 ay
US/BELGIUM 23 \ 92 78,737
US/BERMUDA 20 67 38,764
US/BRAZIL 7 46 131915
US/BRITISH VIRGIN
ISLANDS 6 8 3.110
US/CANADA 231 949 1,930,322
US/CAYMAN ISLANDS 12 20 44,384
US/CHILE 1 3 9,929
US/CHINA 4 8 15,018
US/COLOMBIA 7 10 10,154
US/COSTA RICA 1 1 407
US/DENMARK 8 10 6,985
US/ECUADOR 3 3 1,632
US/EGYPT s 11 11963
US/EL SALVADOR 5 5 593
US/F INLAND 3 12 3.107
US/FRANCE 99 40% 1,040,909
US/GERMANY 205, 376 428,452
US/GREECE 4 5 6.817
US/GUATEMALA 2 3 412
US/GUYANA 1 2 334
US/HONDURAS 1 1 37
US/HONG KONG 18 24a 130,659
US/INDONESIA 4 an 187
US/IRAN 5 7 1,967
US/IRAQ 1 1 800
US/TRELAND 5 9 3,004
US/TTALY. 47. 20 20,214
US/JAPAN 153 229 364,293
US/KENYA . 1 4 32
US/KOREA (SOUTH) \ 2 2 85
US/KUWAIT : “6 12 7.564
US/LEBANON 5s 6 703
US/LIBERIA 13 17 26,683
US/LIBYAN ARAB REPUBLIC 2 3 280
US/LIECHTENSTEIN 54 94 51,921
US/LUXEMBOURG - 20 28 232,245
US/MALAYSIA 1 1 300
US/MEXICO : 38 35 280,038
US/NETHERLANDS, 89 554 328,774
US/NETHERLANOS ANTILLES at 173 225,465
US/NEW HEBRIDES 2 2 2.995
US/NEW ZEALAND 2 3 47,010
US/NICARAGUA 1 2 282
US/NORWAY 5 8 8,333
US/PANAMA 62 89 126,855,
US/PHILIPPINES 4 1 71810
US/PORTUGAL, 2 2 1,683
US/OATAR 1 1 219
US/SAUDI ARABIA 9 87 19,805
US/SOUTH AFRICA 3 4 4,404
‘US/SPAIN 13 AS 4,214
US/SWEDEN 7 8 31081
US/SWITZERLAND 183 367 288,857
US/TAIWAN aa 47 10.990
US/THATLAND 1 3 252
US/TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 1 1 20
US/TURKEY 1 2 443
US/UNITED ARAB EMIRATES "4 . 2.108
US/UNITED KINGDOM 199 824 2,467,464
US/URUGUAY 2 2 618
US/VENEZUELA 29 51 37,973
US/MULTIPLE 35 64 178,503
US/THIRD TIER 14 144 386,184
SUBTOTAL 2/ 1,871 5,057 8,979,472
TOTAL ALL.
LANDHOLDINGS 7.619 12,900 14,448,741

‘4/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
B/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS .

15


United Stat
Department
Agriculture
Economic
Researc! h
Service
Resources
and
Technology
Division

Foreign Ownership
of U.S. Agricultural
Land Through >

December 31, 1990

_ J. Peter DeBraal -


percent of the acres, indicated a tenure change. Because the
number of acres affected by new tenure arrangements was not
reported, the acreage may be overstated; that is, all of these
acres are not necessarily affected by new tenure arrangements.
No responses on tenure change were made for 23 percent of the
parcels accounting for 8 percent of the acres.

Dispositions, Land-Use Changes, and, Changes in status

Data in this. section are derived from reports filed by foreign..
investors who disposed of 293 parcels of U.S. agricultural land
covering 224,359 acres between January 1 and December 31, 1990.
In addition to these dispositions, there were reports of land-use
changes out of agriculture affecting 8 parcels covering 156 acres
and reports of change in status from foreign to. nonforeign
affecting 27 parcels covering 60,480 acres. 7
For the same reasons noted at the outset of the acquisitions
discussion, the reported data for dispositions, land-use changes,
and changes in status should be regarded as preliminary. Reports
that were not timely filed and/or completed or statutorily were
not required to be filed by the closing date for this report are
not included.

Characteristics of Foreign Owners Disposing of Land’

Type of Foreign Owner. | The largest amount of acres disposed was
in Arizona and Maine, accounting for 64 percent of the disposi-

tions acreage (table 33).

TAGLE 33--DISPOSITIONS| OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND BY TYPE OF FOREIGN OWNERS,-

38

BY STATE, JANUARY 1 - DECEMGER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)
INorvpOUAL ORGANT ZATION ; Torat
STATE :
ANO U.S.
TERRITORY PARCELS ACRES PARCELS ACRES PARCELS ACRES
REPORTED REPORTED REPORTED
ALABAKA d ° 2 14s 2 14s
ARIZONA ° ° 3 69.976 3 69,976
CALIFORNIA 4 4 15 5,123 16 8,134
coLoRAco 1 960 3 15,807 a 16.767
DELAWARE 1 324 ° ° 4 324
FLORIDA i 200 1 8 2 208
GEORGIA 12 31,296 24 3,953 33 6,649
HAWAIT 0 ° 2 3,458 2 3lase
ILLINOTS ° ° 8 21884 8 21504
INDIANA 3 ° 1 170 1 170
KANSAS 8 ° ay 4.610 a 4,610
KENTUCKY 1 642 2 162 3 804
LOUTSTANA c ° aa 5.286 aa 5,286
MAINE a ses - 67 77.150 "1 77,736
MARYLAND 3 ° 6 aga 6 484
MINNESOTA 3 ° 2 244 2 244
MISSISSIPPI 8 ° 7 939 7 939
MONTANA 2 865 1 343 3 908
NEBRASKA 3 ° 1 419 1 419
NEW HAMPSHIRE cc] ° 1 315 1 315
NEW MEXTCO g 163 ° ar) 3 163
NEW YORK g 563 ° ° 5 563
NORTH CAROLINA 3 46 1 3 3 49
OHIO 8 ° 8 89 8 39
OKLAHOMA 2 120 ° ° 2 120
OREGON 9 ° 6 1,968 é 1,968
PENNSYLVANIA 9 ° 5 13,125 5 13,125
SOUTH CAROLINA { 58 8 3,978 40 4,036
TEXAS 5 306 B 3.a34 43 31740
VERMONT 2 86 9 2.357 4 21443
VIRGINIA 2 323 4 144 6 437
WASHINGTON 4 87 8 307 6 364
WEST VIRGINIA ° ° 1 401 1 101
TOTAL a8 8,306 247 216,059 293 224,359
|



country of creation and principal place of business; type ‘of
interest; legal description; acreage; purchase price or any other
consideration given; intended use; where applicable, information
about the representative of the foreign person; how the. interest
in ‘the land ‘was transferred; the relationship of the foreign
owner to the operator} type of rental agreement, if any; and the
date the interest in the land was transferred. In the case of a
disposition, the party disposing of the interest is also required
to give the legal name and address of the purchaser; citizenship,
if the purchaser is an individual; and if the purchaser is not an
individual or government, the nature of the entity, country of
creation, and principal place of business. Any change in the
legal name or address | of the foreign ‘person must also be reported
within 90 days of: such, changes. Failure to comply with AFIDA
subjects the foreign owner to a possible civil penalty of up to
25 percent of the fair market value of the interest held in the
land in question.

In accordance with section 7 of the act, completed report forms
are made available for public: inspection in Washington,. DC,

within 10 days of receipt.by the Secretary. Section 6 of the act
requires that every 6| months the Secretary transmit to each. State
completed report forms for foreign-owned agricultural land in
‘that State.

Definitions

For this report, the term "holdings" applies to all U.S. agricul-
tural land owned by foreign persons as of December 31, 1990. For
transactions that occurred in 1990, the terms "acquisitions" and
"dispositions" refer to U.S. agricultural lands acquired or
disposed of. by foreign persons. . These terms are used as the
titles for the subsequent. sections analyzing: the data reported
under the act.

"Agricultural land" is defined in the act as all land used for
agricultural, forestry, or timber production. The regulations
further define agricultural land as all land used. for farming,
ranching, forestry, or timber and include currently idle land if
its last use within the past 5 years was for farming, ranching,
forestry, or timber production. The regulations also exempt all
agricultural land not|more than 10 acres in the aggregate if the
annual gross receipts| from the sale of farm, ranch, forestry, or
timber products from such land do not exceed $1,000.

AFIDA requires reporting "any interest" in the land other than a
security interest (a mortgage or other debt- securing instrument) .
The regulations exempt leaseholds: of less than 10 years! dur-
ation, contingent future interests, noncontingent future in-
terests that do not become possessory. upon termination of the
present estate, nonagricultural easements and rights-of-way, and
interests solely in mineral rights.

A."foreign person," as defined in the act, includes any indi-

vidual who 1) is not a U.S. citizen or national, 2) is not a
citizen of the Northern Mariana Islands or the Trust Territory of

2


Foreign Ownership of U.S. Agricultural
Land Through December.31, 1990

J. Peter DeBraal*

A Report to the President and the Congress
Under the’ Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978

Introduction

Foreign individuals and entities reported owning 14.4 million
acres of U.S. agricultural land as of December 31, 1990. This is
slightly more than 1 percent of all privately owned U.S. agricul-
tural land and approximately 0.6 percent of all land in the
United States.

Summary of the Act and Regulations

The Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act. of 1978
(AFIDA) 1/, as implemented by the regulations 2/, required

all foreign.persons holding agricultural land as of February 1,
1979, to file a report of such holdings with the Secretary of
Agriculture by August 1, 1979. All foreign persons who acquire
or dispose of agricultural land on or after February 2, 1979, are
required to report such transactions within 90 days of the
transfer. In addition, any foreign person who holds land that
subsequently becomes or ceases to be agricultural land’ or any
person who holds agricultural land who subsequently becomes or
ceases to be a foreign person must also file a report within 90
days of such change.

AFIDA specifies in detail the information to be supplied by the
foreign person and provides that necessary additional information
may be obtained by the Secretary. The information required to be
reported consists. of the legal name and address of the foreign
person; citizenship, if an individual; if not an individual or a
government, nature of the legal entity, including the entity's

*General Attorney, Resources and Technology Division, Economic
’ Research Service. Gertrude Butler and Joyce Su provided data
processing assistance.
1/ Pub. L. No. 95-460, 7 U.S.C. §§ 3501-3508 (1988). :
2/ 7 C.F.R. §§ 781.1-.6 (1990). See 7C.F.R. §§ 2.21(b) (29), .27
(a) (12), .65(a) (30), and .84(a)(7) (1990) for’ the delegation of
authority.


TABLE 26--USE OF U.S.

AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS. BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER,

UANUAR 1 = DECEMBER 31, 1990
| (ACRES) .
COUNTRY CROPLAND PASTURE FOREST OTHER OTHER NON- TOTAL
{ AGRICULTURE | AGRICULTURE
i
AUSTRIA ° ° 87 ° ° 87
BELGIUM 695 ° 261 aan) 6 962
CANADA 1,122 2,139 601,853 1,540 385 607,039
DENMARK 93 ° ° ° ° 93
FRANCE 605 20 2,425 ° 861 3,911
GERMANY 3,351 734 1,032 105 227 5,449
HONG KONG 185 ° ° ° ° 185
JAPAN 174 _ 0 ° 48 200 422
KOREA (SOUTH) ° 10 10 ° ° 20
LEBANON 125 ° 51 ° ° 176
LIECHTENSTEIN 2,039 940 645 ° ° 3,624
MEXICO . 1,137 40 ° ° 22 1,199
NAMIBIA 83 ° 8 ° ° ot
NETHERLANDS 1,022 562 124 825 77 2,610
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 827 ° 274 ° ° 1,104
NEW ZEALAND ° 106 * ° 7 ° 113
PANAMA 461 ° ° ° ° 461
SOMALIA ° ° 14 ° ° 4
SOUTH AFRICA 100 50 50 ° ° 200
SPAIN 164 ° ° ° . 0 164
SWEDEN 100 + 100 4,665 16,146 ° 22,011
SWITZERLAND 44,044 ° ° 2,961 23,690 70,695
TAIWAN 2,416 2,080. ° ° ° 4,496
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES ° ° 2 ° ° 2
UNITED KINGDOM’ a76 1,573, 3,155 10 648 5,862
MULTIPLE 177 ° ° ° 1 178
THIRD TIER ° 5,237 ° aot ° 6,128
SUBTOTAL 1/ 59,396 14,591 614,653 22,533 26,117 737,290
US/BAHAMAS ° 3,241 ar) ° ° 3,241
US/BELGIUM 152 3,048 +512 B13 1,235 6,460
US/BERMUDA 55 50. 337 ° 21 463
US/BRAZIL 484 ° ° ° ° aga
US/BRITISH VIRGIN
ISLANDS ° 51 ° 0 ° 51
US/CANADA 2,427 19,923 1,423 782 4g 24,604
US/DENMARK ° ° 216 8 ° 224
US/FRANCE 3,450 148 aa ,o14 5,865 aot 53,878
US/GERMANY 3,548 8,237 2,324 33 733 14,875
US/TRELAND 20! ° ° ° ° 20
US/ITALY 6,000 2,420 ° ° ° 8,420
US/JAPAN 2,923 10,897 80 4,445 486 18,801
US/LIECHTENSTEIN 294 ° 147 34 ° a75
US/LUXEMBOURG 1, 100] ° ° ° jo9 . 1,209
US/MEXICO fe) 8,837 ° ° ° 8,837
US/NETHERLANDS 84 ° o 4 13 101
US/SAUDI ARABIA () 307. 'o 70 ° 307
US/SWITZERLAND 1,115) 4,620 1,840 800 282 8,657
US/TAIWAN 48 150 ° ° 27 225
US/UNITED KINGDOM 14,176 1,364 9,440 30 +281 23,288
SUBTOTAL 2/ 32,876 63,290 61,333 12,484 4,637 174,620
TOTAL ALL 5
LAND ACQUISITIONS 92,272 77,881 675,986 35,017 30,754 911,910
4/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING ub. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
34



accounts. for 3 percent of the reported foreign-held acres.
Nonagricultural land includes acreage such as the homestead and
roads commonly reported |as part of the agricultural landholding
or land that is idle now but its last use within the past 5 years
was for agriculture. These land-use figures should be used with
caution because’ they reflect only information received at the
time of filing and do not account for any changes in land use,

which. may have occurred jsubsequent to filing. ,

Foreign persoris from Canada and the United Kingdom own 4,994,615
acres, or 69 percent, of the reported forest land holdings.
Foreign persons from France hold an additional 13 percent of the
forest land. Unidentifiable third-tier foreign persons own.4
percent of the forest land. The large Canadian and U.K. holdings
are attributable to seven companies--two Canadian companies with
1,466,307 acres, three U.S. /Canada corporations with 1,194, 631
acres, and two U.S/U.K. {corporations with 1,621,313 acres.

Foreign persons from Germany, the Netherlands Antilles, and’.
Switzerland: own the most cropland, 924,341 acres, or 39 percent.
Foreign persons with the next largest holdings of cropland are
from Canada and the United Kingdom, with 9 and 7 percent, respec-
tively. Unidentifiable|third-tier persons own an additional 11
percent of the cropland.

Foreign persons from canada, the United Kingdom, and: Mexico own
40 percent, or 1,455, 962 acres of the pastureland. Foreign
persons from Germany, the Netherlands, Japan, the Netherlands. An-
tilles, Panama, Switzerland, and Luxembourg, own an additional 42
percent, or 1,528,563 acres.

The largest’ group of owners of other agricultural land are
foreign persons from Canada with 11 percent of the acres,
followed by the Netherlands Antilles and France, each with 10.
percent. They are followed by foreign persons from the
Netherlands, U.S. /Luxembourg corporations, and foreign persons
from Germany, Switzerland, and Japan who own 224,769 acres, or '34
percent. .

Based on reports by foreign owners who reported owning only
forest land or forest land and other nonagricultural land, these
reports account for 47 percent of all the foreign- -owned U.S.
agricultural land (tables 1 and 12). The remaining 53 percent is
primarily farmland, although it includes some forest and/or other
nonagricultural land commonly reported as part of the farmland
holding (table 11).

The average parcel size|for parcels with forest land or forest
land and other nonagricultural land is 3,416 acres (table 12).
Except for Maine (with 43 percent of the acreage, the uniqueness
of which has been noted|previously), the forest or forest and
other nonagriculture acres are concentrated in the South and
West. Alabama, Georgia), Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina,
and Tennessee account for 25 percent. California, Oregon, and
Washington account for another, 14 percent of the acres reported.

22



The greatest number of dis
and Georgia, accountin

percent of the acreage.

Transfers by foreign investors to U.S.

60 percent of the parcels and 39 percent of the

Reports for 7 percent of the parcels an
indicated that they were transferred to
Reports for 30 percent of the
percent ‘of the acres indicated dispositi

persons.

citizenship.

Corporations were the most activ
of land--accounting for 58 perce:

the parcels,

TABLE 34--DISPOSITIONS OF U.S. AGRI

parcels

positions occurred in Maine, Louisiana,
g for 51 percent of the parcels but only 40

purchasers accounted for

acres (table 34).

id 44 percent of the acres
other known foreign

covering 32

ons to persons of unknown

e type of foreign owner disposing
nt of the owners, 79 percent. of

and 94 percent of the acres (table 35).
parison, individuals accounted for 3
percent of the parcels,

Size of Disposition.

parcels with 1,000 or

In com-

0 percent of the owners, 16
and 4 percent of the acres.

The most acreage disposed of was for >
more acres, accounting for 93 percent of

CULTURAL LAND BY FOREIGN OWNERS,

BY CITIZENSHIP OF -PURCHASERS, JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)
PURCHASER PARCELS ACRES
REPORTED
USA 175 86,640
FOREIGN 21 99,586
UNKNOWN 88 35,774
NO REPORT 3 2,359
TOTAL 293 224,359

TABLE 35--DISPOSITIONS OF U.S.

AGRICULTURAL LAND BY TYPE OF FOREIGN

OWNER, JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)
PARCELS WITH
OWNER OWNERS PARCELS ACRES PARTIAL ACREAGE

REPORTING] REPORTED INTEREST EQUIVALENT 2/

REPORTED 1/
INDIVIDUAL 32 46 8,306 8,132
CORPORATION 62 233° 211,263 10 182,933
PARTNERSHIP 5 6 "3,647 ° 3,647
TRUST 7 8 1,443 ° 1,143
TOTAL 106 293 224,359 4 195.855
a/ | PARCELS WITH PARTIAL INTERESTS ARE THOSE PARCELS WHICH ARE OWNED

ONLY IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR: THAT. IS, A PERCENTAGE INTEREST
LESS THAN 100 PERCENT.

2/_ ACREAGE EQUIVALENT. EQUALS THE TOTAL ACREAGE REPORTED MULTIPLIED
BY THE PERCENTAGE HELD. BY THE FOREIGN OWNER.

39



TABLE 11--USE OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER,

DECEMBER 31,

1990--CONTINUED

(acres)
COUNTRY CROPLAND PASTURE FOREST OTHER © JOTHER NON- TOTAL,
AGRICULTURE|AGRICULTURE] ~

UNITED KINGDOM 75.365 127,708 85,959 15,104 7,170 311,306
URUGUAY 21378 71916 480 ° 586 11,370
U.S.S.R. 184 96 237 85 269 Bat
VENEZUELA 5.881 3.915 3,509 2.419 2.415 17,839
VIETNAM ° ° 152 ° ° 152
YUGOSLAVIA 928 ° 10 ° 85 4,023
MULTIPLE 7,660 9,788 5,923 27.642 2.331 53.944
THIRD TIER 111572 9,352 44,033 11378 976 67.311

SUBTOTAL 1/ 1.997.178 1,410,161 2, 162,515 393,521 222,894 5,466,269
US/ANDORRA 200 3.541 ° ° ° 3,741
US/ARGENTINA atc 3,191 40 ° 208 41255
US/AUSTRALIA 348 304 345 254 154 1,405
US/AUSTRIA 3.736 12,525 2.967 155 98 19,481
US/BAHAMAS 15,608 40,994 4.291 10,260 1580, 71,308
US/BARBADOS 44 ° ° ° ° at
US/BELGIUM 18,295 40,000 15,609 2,108 2.725 78.737
US/BERMUDA 11812 1,420 15,836 7704 11.995 38.764
US/BRAZIL 91332 31096 ° 41,010 at 13/915
US/BRITISH VIRGIN

ISLANDS 600 637 1,654 204 15 3.110
US/CANADA 50,232 384,647 1,423, 163 31,300 40.980 1,930,322
US/CAYMAN ISLANDS 7,229 366 2.258 917 614 14,384
US/CHILE ° 9,929 ° ° ° 9,929
US/CHINA 316 1.908 956 1,198 10,640 15,018
Us/COLOMBIA 302 9.801 50 ° 1 10,154
US/COSTA RICA -o- 239 168 ° ° 407
US/DENMARK aig 235 6.307 18 .6 6,985
US/ECUADOR 69 1,549 ° ° 44 1,632
US/EGYPT 620 585 875 149 34 11963
US7EL SALVADOR 52 4aat ° ° ° 533
US/F INLAND 60 ° 2,975 ° 72 3.107
US/FRANCE 40,621 33,737 913,563 43.663 9,325 1,040,809
US/GERMANY 122.771 235,028 36,091 15,985 18.577 428,452
US/GREECE 110 3.531 147 ° 3,029 6.817
US/GUATEMALA ° 392 ° 20 ° 412
US/GUYANA ° ° ° 334 ° 334
US/HONDURAS 37 ° ° ° ° 37
US/HONG KONG. 121, 102 8.585 826 119 27 130,659
US/ INDONESIA 171 ° ° ° 26 197
US/TRAN a3 7a7 5 665, o7 1,967
us/I1RAG 800 ° ° ° ° 800
US/IRELAND 1,828 672 192 319 3 3,004
US/ITALY 135113 4,278 1.424 702 697 20,214
US/JAPAN 30,463 93,681 202,128 27,704 10.317 364,293
US/KENYA ° ° 32 ° ° 32
US/KOREA (SOUTH) 10 63 “oO ° 12 85
Us/KUWAIT 486 5.610 772 604 89 7.561
US/LEBANON 200 140 133 209 24 703
US/LIBERIA 1,871 18.749 4,830 1,032 201 26.683
US/LIBYAN ARAB REPUBLIC ° ° ° 277 3 280
US/LIECHTENSTEIN 31,841 6.724 7,982 3.126 2.248 51,921
US/LUXEMBOURG 11,440 164,237 2.739 46,066 71763 232/245
US/MALAYSIA ° ° ° 300 300
_US/MEXICO 5,049 258.755 1,249 12,588 2,397 280,038
US/NETHERLANDS, 57,070 198,687 281188 31,924 13,505 3281774
US/NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 67.147 115.348 14,857 9.013 191100 225465
US/NEW HEBRIDES 4,300 1.533 ° ° 158 2.991
US/NEW ZEALAND 2.605 aaliaa ° 240 21 47,010
US/NICARAGUA at) 242 40 , ° ° 282
US/NORWAY 66 30 140 8,039 58 8.333
US/PANAMA 24,896 88,604 5,827 6.166 4,362 126,855
US/PHILIPPINES, 51372 59... 11274 a9 1,056 7.810
US/PORTUGAL, "41429 151 ° ° 103 11683
US/QATAR °O ° 219 ° ° 219
US/SAUDI ARABIA 4,732 6,337 7,306 295 1,135 19.805
US/SOUTH AFRICA 11595 11831 178 656 144 4.404
US/SPAIN 21519 707 403 547 38 4.2ta
US/SWEDEN «21203 313 143 33 389 3.081
US/SWITZERLAND 115.560 52,999 77,319 31,148 11,831 2881857
US/TATWAN a.gaa 2758 21525 636 127 10,980
US/THATLAND 175 ° ° 77 ° 252
US/TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 20 ° ° ° ° 20
US/TURKEY . 350 93 ° ° ° ang
US/UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 30 1,601 2 ° 7s 2.108
US/UNITED KINGDOM 83,303 388.360 1,928, 104 22,299 45,398 2,467,464
US/URUGUAY ° 550 25 40 3 618
US/VENEZUELA 34,190 973 1,459 364 987 37,973
US/MULTIPLE 91766 5.535 161.463 1,522 1.217 1791503
US/THIRD TIER 137,244 1994 235.447 s.7a4 51718 386,184

SUBTOTAL 2/ 1,049,393 | 2,263,226 5,114,216 327,249 225,388 8,979,472
TOTAL ALL

LANDHOLDINGS 2,986,571 3,673,387 7,276,731 660,770 448,282 14,445,744

A/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.

21



Summary

Foreign persons reported that they owned 14.4 million acres, or
slightly more than 1 percent.of the 1.3 billion acres of private-
ly owned U.S. agricultural land (farm and forest land) as of
December 31, 1990. This isa 13-percent increase (1,875,065
acres) over the 1989 data but remains in. the range: of just above
or below the 1- percent figure, where it has been since 1981.
These and other findings are based on an analysis of reports
submitted to the u.s.| Department of Agriculture under the
Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978.

Information received at the time of reporting shows that forest
land accounts for 50 percent of all foreign-owned. acreage,
cropland for 17 percent, pasture and other agricultural land for
30 percent, and nonagricultural’ land for '3 percent.

Corporations own 83 percent of the acreage; partnerships, 9
percent; and individuals, 6 percent. The remaining 2 percent is
held by estates, trusts, institutions, associations, and others.

U.S. corporations. in which foreign persons have a significant
interest or substantial control reported owning 62 percent of all
the foreign-held acreage. The remaining 38 percent was reported
as being held or acquired by foreign persons not affiliated with
a U.S. corporation.

Foreign persons from Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France,
the Netherlands Antilles, and Switzerland account for 70 percent

of the foreign-held acreage. Foreign persons from Japan own only
4 percent of the foreign-owned acres.

A number of parcels are owned only in part by foreign investors;
that is, the foreign interest in some parcels is less than 100
percent, with the remaining percentage being owned, for example,
by a U.S. partnership. When the 14.4 million acres are adjusted
for these partial interests, the total foreign-owned acreage
drops to an equivalent of 12.5 million acres.

The largest number of| acres owned by foreign persons was reported
in Maine. Foreign holdings in Maine account for 17 percent of
Maine's privately owned agricultural land. These holdings
represent 21 percent of all the reported foreign-owned agricul-
tural land nationwide. Four companies own 98 percent of the
foreign-held acres in Maine, all in forest land.. Two companies
are Canadian, the third is a U.S. corporation that is partially
Canadian owned, and the fourth is a U.S. corporation that is
partially French owned.

Except for Maine, foreign holdings are concentrated in the West
(33 percent) .and south (32 percent). Rhode Island is the only
State with ‘no reported foreign-owned agricultural land.

Foreigners do not appear to be taking purchased agricultural land
out of production. No change in intended use at the time of
filing was reported for 94 percent of the acres. No change in

viii



Acreage owned in the years listed is the total amount.of land
that was reported purchased during that year and which remained
foreign owned: as of December 31, 1990. Because land is con-
tinually being disposed of by foreign owners or there are changes
in status: from foreign! to nonforeign or from agricultural to
nonagricultural, acreage amounts.in each year are decreased by
“these land dispositions or status changes.

Table 7.adjusts reported current value by State for the same
reasons given in the discussion of table 6. Because the reported
current value in table! 7. is adjusted by each State's average
annual change in farmland value, the total adjusted current value
will differ from that of table 6. Simply explained, not’ all land
values in table 6 would have changed at the national average.
Therefore, the total adjusted current value in table 7 should be
a better measure of value than that of table 6. The total
adjusted current value| by State indicates a 3-percent increase
from the reported current value.

Country of Origin. oOf| the 14,445,741 acres of foreign-held
agricultural land reported by foreign persons, 62 percent is hela
by U.S. corporations with foreign interests. The remaining 38
percent: is held by foreign persons not-connected with a U.S.
corporation (table 8).

-Foreign persons from Canada own the largest amount of reported
foreign-held acres of U.S. agricultural land, 3,910,235 acres, or
27 percent. Foreign persons from the United Kingdom (U.K.).,
Germany, and’ France own 2,778,770 (19 percent), 1,158,376 (8
percent), and 1,128,742 (8 percent) , respectively, an additional
35 percent. Foreign persons from the Netherlands Antilles,
Switzerland, and Japan| own an additional 12 percent of the acres.
These sever countries of, origin own a total of 10,689,156 acres,
or 74 percent of all reported foreign-owned holdings of U.S.
agricultural land. Approximately 3 percent: of the acreage,
453,495 acres, is owned by unidentifiable third-tier persons;
that is, the acreage is-not attributable to any foreign country
of origin because no foreign country of origin is listed through
the third tier of ownership.

Foreign persons from the United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada, own
1,954,840 acres or 42 percent of the foreign-held acres in the
South (table 9). Nine| percent of the acreage, 394,500 acres, is
owned by unidentifiable third-tier foreign persons. An
additional 25 percent,| 1,161,535 acres, is owned by foreign
persons from the Netherlands Antilles, France, Switzerland, and
Mexico. ;
In the West, foreign persons from the United Kingdom own more
acres than any other single group--30 percent. Much of the U.K.
figure is attributable| to one U.S./U.K. corporation that owns 28
parcels covering 616,157 acres, and to another U.S./U.K. ‘corpor-
ation that owns 8 parcels covering 229,988 acres. Foreign
persons from Canada, Germany, and Japan reported owning 1,245,872
acres or 26 percent. An.additional 1,312,647 acres, or 28

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TABLE 20--FOREIGN OWNERS OF U.S: AGRICULTURAL: LAND ACOUISIT
JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990

IONS BY STATE,

(NUMBER)
INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATION
STATE
AND U.S.
TERRITORY PARCELS ACRES PARCELS ACRES
REPORTED REPORTED
ALABAMA ° ° 4 18,423
ARIZONA ° ° 2 67,970
ARKANSAS 1 80 2 2.816
CALIFORNIA 3 196 18 8,233
COLORADO ° ° BF 22.758
FLORIDA 2 169 13 13,625
GEORGIA 7 1,122 a1 7,768
HAWAII ° ° 3 13,594
IDAHO ° ° 1 56
ILLINOIS 2 206 17 6,306
INDIANA ° ° 9 14,630
KANSAS 1 176 ° 20
KENTUCKY 1 1 10 1,444
LOUISIANA ° ° 3 10,855
MAINE ° ° a7 530,895
“MARYLAND. ° ° 1 104
MICHIGAN, 2 “4,055. 4 1,756
MISSISSIPPI ° ° 4 18,931
MISSOURI ° ° 1 1,007
MONTANA 1 1,040 4 10,609
NEBRASKA ° . 0 1 735
NEVADA ° fe) 1 17,916
NEW HAMPSHIRE ° ° 6 71,122
NEW MEXICO ° ° 5 17,534
NEW YORK 4 3,706 1 556
NORTH CAROLINA 1 20 7 274
OHIO 3 608 20 1,655
OKLAHOMA ° ° 1 66
OREGON ° ° 8 2,923
PENNSYLVANIA ° ° 1" 81
SOUTH CAROLINA a 86 5 821
TENNESSEE ° ° Ss 844
TEXAS 12 4,276 20 22,725
VERMONT 6 341 7 1,542
VIRGINIA ° ° cr 601
WASHINGTON ° ° 4 S17
WEST VIRGINIA 1 2 3 1,769
WISCONSIN 1 252 5 744
WYOMING ° ° 3 45362
TOTAL ag 13,346 300 898,564
TABLE 21--FOREIGN-OWNED U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS
BY SIZE OF ACQUISITION, JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
SIZE OWNERS PARCELS ACRES VALUE
(ACRES) REPORTING REPORTED (NUMBER ) (1,000
(NUMBER ) (NUMBER) DOLLARS) 4/
LESS THAN 20 10 10 84 199
20-59 26 30 857 4,006
60-399 23 23 1,890 8,863
100-299 a7 67 B,477 33,360
300-999 48 69 25,970 92,852
1000 OR MORE 37 150 874,632 252,747
TOTAL 191 349 911,910 392,027

4/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).

29


Purchase Price and Value of Acquisitions. Corporations account
for 62 percent of the purchase price and nonpurchase price

‘(estimated value) at time of acquisition (table 22). The average

per acre purchase price jand nonpurchase price (estimated value)
is lowest for corporations at $306, followed by individuals,
$713; trusts, $595, and partnerships, $1,480. ‘

Equity is frequently used to measure net foreign investment
transfer. To approximate equity, debt was subtracted from
current. value for.all reports that provided information on debt
and current value. The /349 reports providing information on
debt, $77,047,000, and current value, $390,093,000 resulted in an
equity figure of $313,046,000 (table. 22). These figures reveal

an equity figure of 80 percent in relation to current value.

Country of Origin. Foreign persons not affiliated with a U.S.
corporation acquired 81| percent of the acreage. U.S. cor-.
porations with foreign interests acquired the remaining 19
percent (table 23). Foreign persons from Canada accounted for
the most. acquisitions--631,643 acres, 69 percent of the total.

Most of the acres acquired during 1990 were in the Northeast--67
percent of the acres. Foreign persons from Canada acquired 99
percent of these acres (table 24). Foreign persons from
Switzerland acquired 46| percent of the acres in the West ‘and
U.S./France corporations acquired 48 percent of the acres in the
South.

TABLE 22--VALUE OF|U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS BY TYPE
OF FOREIGN OWNER, UANUARY 1 -' DECEMBER 31, 1990

ACRES ACRES
WITH PURCHASE WITH NON-
OWNERS PURCHASE PRICE NON- PURCHASE
OWNER REPORTING PRICE (41,000 PURCHASE PRICE
(NUMBER ) REPORTED DOLLARS) PRICE (1,000
(NUMBER) REPORTED DOLLARS)
(NUMBER )
INDIVIDUAL as 13,225 9.311 424 - (203
CORPORATION 108 726,902 147,659 62,675 94,140
PARTNERSHIP : 28 84,844 125,439 919 1,456
TRUST 9 23,164 13,789 60 30
TOTAL 194 848,135 296,198 63,775 95,829
! . :
ACRES ACRES
WITH CURRENT WITH EQUITY
CURRENT, 2 VALUE - EQUITY (4,000
VALUE (1,000 REPORTED DOLLARS)
REPORTED DOLLARS) (NUMBER)
(NUMBER )
|
INDIVIDUAL , 14,246 . 9,488 13,346. 6,251
CORPORATION 789,577 240,944 789,577 217,000
PARTNERSHIP 85,763 125,842 85,763 84,588
TRUST 23,224 13,819 23,224 5,207
TOTAL 911,910 390,093 911,910 313,046

30
,>



TABLE 40--ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS OF FOREIGN-OWNED U.S.

AGRICULTURAL LAND, BY DATE

VANUARY 1981 - DECEMBER 1990--CONTINUED
ACQUISITIONS DISPOSITIONS
DATE
PARCELS ACRES VALUE PARCELS ACRES VALUE
REPORTED (NUMBER ) (1,000 REPORTED (NUMBER ) (1,000
(NUMBER) DOLLARS ).1/ (NUMBER) DOLLARS) 1/
1986
UANUARY 96 11,494 92,257 18 3.335 4,470
FEBRUARY 26 9,299 6.765 18 4,295 2.415
MARCH 40 33,814 51,044 ‘47 13,060. 10.505
APRIL 54 135.607. 22 5,520 4,196
MAY 94 91,820 86 1,696,518 20,354
+ JUNE 438 44.682 33 17.744 4,129
vULY 34 32.707 20 19,474 23,513
AUGUST 31 17,713 29 8.169 14,458
SEPTEMBER 34 58.043 26 3.757 10.088
OCTOBER 134 62.668 33 11,366 4,441
NOVEMBER 45 7.146 31 9,256 3,212
DECEMBER 117 46,225 93,913 73 55,810 AB ,516
TOTAL 693-2, 148,529 644,362 406 1,785,298 150,297
1987
UANUARY 25 9,492 20,287 23 4,467 7.578
FEBRUARY 28 13,849 39,657 26 6,252 6.786
MARCH 51 134,965 51,396 37 32.871 17,808
APRIL 62 68.315 29,909 72 27,647 30.026
MAY 38 44,382 29,970 30 10,327 20,099
JUNE 46 203,736 44,013 87 226.697 25,126
JULY 40 27.299 34.051 35 30.206 14,904
AUGUST a3 25,900 25.055 36 7.826 36.191
SEPTEMBER 35 14.523 31,021 aa 6.594 13,257
OCTOBER 64 23,475 56.383 38 5.346 8.723
NOVEMBER a 136.708 26.484 a3 14,982 16,835
DECEMBER 30 90,606 62,312 155 38.385 52.004
TOTAL 563 792.650 450,478 596 411,600 249,337
1988
UANUARY 6s 57.415 69,355 52 26,268 22,604
FEBRUARY 37 26.121 18,954 a7 47,744 32,173
MARCH 48 37,297 90.570 100 57.431 49,337
APRIL 36 33.277 25.026 3S 265,973 79,802
MAY 43 55.435 48,721 55 34,854 12.870
JUNE 90 126.983 86.901 66 22,253 11,916
vULY 50 33.738 73,280 56 12.842 23.245
AUGUST 43 347.593 561795 61 309/519 73.126
SEPTEMBER 34 10,748 38,092 4a 8.431 7.659
OCTOBER 75 222088 126.071 496 233,847 119.548
NOVEMBER aa 56,064 32,882 42 194,139 4,112
DECEMBER 92 265,560 211,712 100 333.578 45.978
TOTAL 657 1,272,319 877.769 1,174 1,546,876, 490.770
1989 5
YANUARY 58 45, 102 66,518 45 21,969 13,150
FEBRUARY 29 23.484 89.621 24 4,644 4,879
MARCH 61 128,388 76.182 a3 6.182 8.817
APRIL 26 19,237 30.424 27 20,593. 16.899
May 50 26.777 120/523 33 5.618 21,268
JUNE 48 62,784 54.045 aa 16,932 7.173
yULy 30 13.668 37.900 19 11,872 11.855
AUGUST 42 82,118 63.796 52 68.071 26.739
SEPTEMBER 69 287,042 425.340 39 5.182 10,611
OCTOBER 38 38,671 BS .626 23 1,849 4,494
NOVEMBER 68 514.980 76.420 19 31847 5.492
DECEMBER a1 ato.att 215.144 36 10,084 20.036
MULTIPLE 1 36 63 ° ° °
TOTAL eit 1,653,098 1,011,602 aoa 226.873 151,413
1990
UANUARY aa 30,963 65,240 a1 8,289 5,503
FEBRUARY 33 aa\864 37.128 23 10.966 9,669
MARCH 36 > 991532 75.699 26 81.919 51,501
APRIL 29 40.268 15.808 28 7.574 9.622
MAY 32 17,289 74,993 36 25.079 48.783
JUNE 33 20.688 5.169 26 6.318 13,120
vULY 36 43.777 26.540 20 2.648 7,598
AUGUST 16 31167 8.084 34 5.471 8,898
SEPTEMBER 59 569,788 8.962 28 10,053 4,239
OCTOBER 29 40.965 54.261 33 63.435 13.549
NOVEMBER 2 612 163 8 1.658 2.855
DECEMBER ° ° ° 3 949 289
TOTAL 349 911,910 392,027 293 224,359 175,566

A/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE) AT TIME OF ACOUISITION

45


percent, were reported by foreign persons from the Netherlands,
Luxembourg, the Netherlands Antilles, switzerland, Panama, and
Hong Kong.

In the Northeast, foreign persons from Canada and. France own
3,222,597 acres, or 86 percent of the foreign-held acreage in the
region. Eighty-three |percent of this figure,. 2,662,765 acres, is
attributable to four companies with extensive forest holdings--
one Canadian company with partial. interests. in.79 parcels cover-
ing 1,209,595 -acres, one Canadian company with 5 parcels. covering
256,407 acres, one U. Ss. /Canada corporation with 40 parcels cover-
ing 705,908 acres, and one U.S./France corporation with 19
parcels covering 490, 855 acres.

In the Midwest, foreign persons from Canada, the United Kingdom,
and Germany reported owning 828,037 acres, or 63 percent. of the
foreign-held acres in|the region. Eleven percent of. the acreage
is owned by U.S./multiple entities, U.S. corporations that have
foreign owners from a|number of countries, none of whom has a.
predominant interest in the corporation.

Interest in Land

Of the 12,900 parcels|/of foreign-held U.S. agricultural land, 86
percent of the parcels, accounting for 78 percent of the reported
acreage,. is held in fee interest whole (that is, the owner holds
the estate in its entirety) . Partial interests are held in
another 7 percent of the parcels covering another 11 percent of
the acres: (table 10).

Under the AFIDA regulations, leases of 10 years or longer are the
only leases. that need |be reported. 4/ Leases are treated
separately because they represent a totally different type of
interest. Questions on value, tenure, and method of acquiring
land do not apply because the report form was not devised to deal
with leases. Leases gover 1,083,806 acres of U.S. agricultural
land. Timber land accounts for 681, 452 acres, or 63 percent of
the reported foreign leaseholds. .

Method of Acquisition

More foreign investors reported paying cash for their U.S.
agricultural landholdings than using any other method of ac-
quisition... Of the total foreign-owned parcels, 47 percent,
covering 36 percent of the acreage, were acquired for cash only
(table 10). This compares with 31 percent of the parcels,
containing 16 percent|of the acreage, that were acquired by
credit only, and 6 percent of the parcels, containing 22 percent
of the acreage, that were- acquired by other method only. The
other method only category includes mergers, corporations that
became foreign because foreign persons obtained a significant
interest or substantial control in the corporations, or an-
individual exchanging|land for stock in a new corporation. The

4/ 7 °C.F.R. § 781.2(c) (1990)

18



PL, 95-460 authorizes collection of the data on this form. The data will be used to determine the effects of foreign persons ac-
wiring, transferring and holding agricultural Jand, and the effects of such activity on family farms and rural communities. Furn-
NOTED ishing the data is mandatory, Failure to comply or falsification of reporting is subject to civil penalty, not to exceed 25 percent

of the fair market value of the interest held inthe tract on the date of the assessment of such penalty. The data may be furn-

ished to any Agency responsible for enforcing the provision of the Act and to the public.

DETERMINATION OF “FOREIGN PERSON” STATUS
rson” means any individual, corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, society, joint stock company, trust, estate, or any other
legal entit

You ae a “foreign person” under the provisions of P-L, 95-460 and must complete the front side of this form (ASCS-183) if your answer's “NO” to all the
statements numbered 1, 2, and 3 below. { Fes[No
1. 1AM a citizen of the United States. |
2. 1 AMa citizen of the Northern Mariana Islands or the Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands.

3. 1AM lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence, or paroled into the United States, under the Immigration and
Nationality Act.

DEFINITION:

You are a “foreign person” under the provisions of P.L.'95-460 and must complete the front side of this form (ASCS-153) if your answer is “YES” to any of.
the statements numbered_4a, 4b, and 5 below. i [vESs[ NO

4, LAM a “person” other than an individual or government, which is created or organized under the laws of:
a._A foreign government of which has its principal place of business located outside the United States.

’. Any State of the United States, and in which significant interest or substantial control 1/ is held directly or indirectly by any
foreign individual, goverament, or person,

5, 1 AM'a foreign government. |
i

I GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
Complete this form in an original and three copies for each tract of land. Insertion of carbons is necessary. Report as a tract all acreages under the same owner-

ship in each county or parish acquired or transferred on the-same date. Land in different counties or parishes and land acquired or transferred on different dates
must be reported as separate tracts.

Return the original and two copies'to the County Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS) Office where the tract of land is located. Retain
the last copy.(Foreign Person Copy) for your records, po ‘NOT SEND THIS FORM DIRECTLY TO WASHINGTON, D.C.

After the original disclosure on ASCS-153 on’the tract(s) of land owned by the same person within a county or parish, each subsequent change of ownership
or use must be reported by filing another ASCS-153. |

ITEM INSTRUCTIONS AND REPORTING DATES
ITEM 1. ONLY ONE'BOX MAY BE CHECKED

If the tract of land to be listed under Ttem 2 on the front side of this document was:

~Owned on February 1, 1979, check A-ta73.4 } Reporting Date: This document is required to be
completed and retumed by August 1, 1979.

If the tract of land to be listed under Item 2 on the front side of this document was, on or after February 2, 1979:

Acquired, check © 42%:inon OZ) Reporting Date:
Disposed of, check © Stsbuon LZ) If any of these activities are checked
—Changed from non-agricultural to'agricultural use, check "*$2"Rqricors in Item 1, return the completed

et i aoe ASCS-153 within ninety (90) days
~Changed from agricultural to non-agricultural use, check €.t4ne.uv crams to (Z| forthe date of the teresccton:

{TEM 8, The date entered would be as follows for the activity checked in'Item 1:

Box A or B- Date acquired.
Box C — Date disposed of. !
Box Dior E~ Date land use'changed. j

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION [Use additional sheets if more space is needed)

I/ Significant interest or substantial control os defined in 7 CFR 781.2 (k). ‘WULS, Government Printing Cifice: 1986—654-614

48



This report is made pursuant to section 5 of the Agricultural

Preface

Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978, which, among. other

things, requires the Secretary of Agriculture to prepare an.
agricultural land.

analysis of foreign ownership of U.S.

The act

requires an annual report to the President and the Congress on a

calendar-year basis.
through December 31,

List of Tables ...
Summary... 2...
Introduction

Summary of the Act
Definitions ...

Analysis of Data Repor;
Holdings .....
Acquisitions...

‘This report covers information received
1990.

Contents

and Regulations

ited Under the Act .....

Dispositions, Land-Use Changes, and Changes in

Trends ......
Program Costs and. Pena!

Appendix: Report Form

Ities......

ASCS-153 ...

iv



Tenure

Tenants ‘operate 26 percent of the Parcels acquired during the
period and 16 percent of the acres, whereas foreign owners
operate 44 percent of the parcels and 73 percent of the acres
(table 32). Managers, however, operate only 6 percent-of the
parcels and 2 percent of the acres. No responses on tenure were
received for 24 percent of the parcels covering 9 percent ‘of the
acres. No rental agreements were reported for any of: the acreage
acquired in 1990.

Tenure Change

Reports for 53 percent of the parcels acquired during the period
indicate no tenure change for 83 pércent of the acreage (table
32). Reports for 24 percent of the parcels, containing 9

TABLE 31--INTENDED USE OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND: ACQUISITIONS OF FOREIGN OWNERS,

JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)
ITEM NO CHANGE OTHER OTHER NON- | NO REPORT TOTAL
: AGRICULTURE | AGRICULTURE
INDIVIDUAL:
PARCELS REPORTED 42 2 2 3 49
ACRES 12,485 590 181 90 13,346
ORGANIZATION:
PARCELS REPORTED 250 9 24 17, 300
ACRES 871,736 7,262 7,678 11,888 898,564
TOTAL: .
PARCELS REPORTED 292 11 26 20 g49
ACRES 884,221 7,852 7,859 11,978 911,910
-

TABLE 92--TENURE OF FOREIGN-OWNED U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS

UANUARY 1 ~ DECEMBER “31, 1990
PARCELS ACRES VALUE
TENURE REPORTED (NUMBER ) (1,000
(NUMBER ) DOLLARS) “41/
CURRENT:
FOREIGN OWNER 154 666,508 58,308
MANAGER 24 15,617 22,189
TENANT 31 149,657 204,234
NO REPORT 83 80,128 107,296
TOTAL 31g 911,910 392,027
RENTAL:
NO REPORT + 195 245,402 333.719
NOT APPLICABLE 154 666,508 58,308
TOTAL * 349 911,910 392,027
INTENDED CHANGE:
NONE : 185 754,822 227,096 ~
NEW 83 79,252 65, 109
NO REPORT Bt 77,836 99,822
TOTAL ° 349 911,910 392,027

4/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).

37


acquisitions are in these two land-use categories (tables 26 and
27). The bulk of these acquisitions, 82 percent, were in Maine
(table 27).

Foreign persons from Canada not affiliated with a U.S. corpo-
ration purchased most of the U.S. forest land or forest. and other
nonagricultural lands (table 28), accounting for 93 percent of
such acquisitions, 601,778 acres.

TABLE 27--U.S. FOREST. AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL LAND

ACQUISITIONS OF FOREIGN OWNERS BY STATE,
UANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990

' STATE PARCELS AGRES VALUE
AND U.S. REPORTED (NUMBER) (1,000
TERRITORY (NUMBER) DOLLARS) 1/

ALABAMA 10- 18,416 11,890
GEORGIA 17 7,861 5.174
LOUISIANA 2 10.371 1,427
MAINE 46 530,206 3,015
MICHIGAN 1 468 85

. MISSISSIPPI 9 3,264 834
NEW HAMPSHIRE 6 74,122 357

NEW YORK 5 4,262 556
NORTH CAROLINA 2 48 423
OKLAHOMA 1 66 66
OREGON 2 120 83
SOUTH CAROLINA 3 219 225
TENNESSEE 1 274 69
VERMONT 7 1,090 282
VIRGINIA 3 133 98

‘ WASHINGTON 3 320. 443
WEST VIRGINIA 1 2 8
WISCONSIN 1 at 21
TOTAL 120 648,283 25,057

4/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).

TABLE 28--U.S. FOREST AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS
BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER, JANUARY 1 ~ DECEMBER 31, 1990

OWNERS PARCELS ACRES VALUE
COUNTRY REPORTING | REPORTED | (NUMBER) (1,000
(NUMBER ) (NUMBER ) DOLLARS) 1/

AUSTRIA 1 1 87 260
CANADA 5 54 601,778 3,481
FRANCE 1 1 3, 100 300

GERMANY 6 6 634 ser,
LIECHTENSTEIN 1 1 468 85
NETHERLANDS 1 2 16 13
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 1 1 274 69
SOMALIA 1 1 11 28
SWEDEN 1 1 665 408
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 1 1 2 . 9
UNITED KINGDOM 1 6 3,109 2.375
SUBTOTAL 2/ 20 75 610, 144 7,389
US/BELGIUM 205 2 107 87
US/BERMUDA 1 1 102 : 150
US/CANADA 2 8 1,272 381
US/FRANCE 2 18 31,897 14,015
US/GERMANY 3 5 2,237 1,728

US/SWITZERLAND 1 2 1,440 712
US/UNITED KINGDOM 5 9 1,084 595
SUBTOTAL 3/ 16 s 38,139 17,668
TOTAL 36 120 648,283 25,057

4/ VALUE IS PURCHASE PRICE OR NONPURCHASE PRICE (ESTIMATED VALUE).

2/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN
SHAREHOLDERS. .

3/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.

35


The data in this report should be viewed in light of the fore-
going caveats and those accompanying the tables. Reporters’
,errors must also be considered in reviewing this study... Result-
ing data deficiencies are noted where appropriate. The "No
Report" category in the tables means that a response to the
particular question was not made. Note that the acreage*figures
reported do not mean that they are wholly owned by foreign
investors. Of the 14.4 million foreign-owned acres, 62 percent
are owned by U.S. corporations in which there is a significant
interest or substantial control by foreign persons (table 8). In
addition, a number of acres are owned only in part by foreign
investors. See, for example, table 2, which gives the acreage
equivalent for foreign owners reporting partial interests in the
real estate. These partial interests reduce the 14.4 million
acres to an equivalent of 12.5 million acres.

Analysis of Data Reported Under the Act
Holdings \

Data in this section are derived from the 12,900 reports filed by
foreign persons who held land as of December 31, 1990. These
report forms account for 14,445,741 acres of all U.S. .agricul-
tural land. This is an increase of 1,875,806 acres over the
12,569,935 acres foreign owners ‘reported owning as of the end of
last year. 3/ This 1,875,806-acre increase is more than the
911,910 acres acquired during 1990, as reported in the acquisi-
tions discussion. The reason for this difference is because of
acreage acquired prior to December 31, 1989, the closing date of
last year's report, that was reported after that date.

Concentration of Foreign Ownership of U.S. Agricultural Land

Foreigners have reported acreage holdings in 49. States, Puerto
“Rico, and Guam (table 1 and fig. 1). Rhode Island is the only ,
State with no reported foreign-owned agricultural land. Except
for Rhode Island and Maine (described below), only a small
percentage of privately held agricultural land in each State‘is
foreign owned (table 1 and fig. 2). Deleting the acreage for
Maine from the Northeast data, foreign investment in U.S.
agricultural land is concentrated. in the West (33 percent) and
South (32 percent) (table 9).

Maine has the largest amount of foreign-owned U.S. agricultural,
land, 3,001,062 acres, or 17 percent of the privately owned
agricultural land in the State and approximately 21 percent of
the reported foreign-owned agricultural land in the United
States. Most of the foreign-owned agricultural land in Maine,
2,967,712 acres, is timber land owned by four companies. One

3/ The 12,875,504 acres reported in last year's report overstated
the amount of foreign-held U.S. agricultural land because of filing
errors and reductions in the nonagriculture category. The 1989
figure has been adjusted downward to 12,569,935 acres.

5


Appendix

Report Form ASCS-153

!

Form Approved. OMB_No, 0560-0097

Wes. DERARTNENT GF RORIEULTORE
ASGEIES Agricultural Steilation and Conservation Service

AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT DISCLOSURE ACT R

NOTE: Read Instructions on Reverse Before Filling in Any Data Below, If Additional Space

is Needed, Use Reverse.

T FYFE RCTIVIFY sce Revere] (Check one?
Aland B. Land C, Land
Feiaing CP Rettisnton CBR ation C1

D. Land Use Change E. Land Use Change To
Termsneunure” C]_ FRentasee change Te []

EPORT

TEM orice TEM
2. Tract Location and Description ONLY 5. Type of Interest Held in the Agricultural Land (Check One) | cHEeck
‘A, LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF ASCS TRACT NUMBER ‘A. Fee Interest (ownership) Whole
B. Fee Interest (ownership) Partial PERCENT Ec
G. Life Estate
D. Trust Beneficiary
5, COUNTY OF FARISN 6, NOLOF AER =. Purchase Contract
DaTaTE F. Other (explain)
3. Owner of Tract (in item 2A) (See Reverse) f
NAME 6. How was this Tract Acquired or Transferred? CHECK
A. Cash Transaction 7
B18 NO. (Nine digits) gesreMe L] B. Credit or Installment Transaction
NOT KNOWN Ta
CG. LEGAL ADDRESS (Street, City, State/Province, Country) G. Trade
D. Gift or Inheritance
E, Foreclosure
F. Other (explain)
D. Type of Owner (Check one) CHECK
1. Individual (including husband/wife)
a Citizenship of Individual T 7, Value of Agricultural Land
T A. Purchase Price of Land or if a land dispo- |
2, Government (name of country) tition, the original price paid by seller I$
3. Organization B, Non-Purchase, Estimated Value at the ]
BEoorton Time of Acqlion $
2) Partnership ©. What is the estimated current value or if a |
3) Estate land disposition, the selling price of the "| g
4) Trust D. How much of purchase price in Item 7A ]
5) Institution remains to be paid? -. Is
S) Association 8, Date of Acquisition or err pr err
7) Other Transtor (See Reverse) j
b. Gov't, or country under whose | 1. Current Land Use (Usual use of land. For idle lend, ACRES
Jaw the organization is created report es other Agriculture.) Report in Whole Number:
© Principal place of business (for |
‘organizations only) A. Crop
i Liston separate sheet, the Name, Adarees and County of al B. Pasture
foreign persons who indivi or in the aggregate hold significant "
interest or substantial contre or tee eeeat hold sini S. Forest ot Timber
E. Complete only if itom 1G - Land Disposition - ls checked DB. Other Agriculture
r E, Non-Agriculture
F, Total (Should equal 2C)
2 ADDRESS (Street, City, State/Province, Country) 10. Intended Use as of This Dato (Check One] CHECK
‘A. No Change
B. Other Agriculture :
Scrrmzensnir ~oiculbar
usa [] roreicn[] unknown [] C_Non-Agrculture -
- . - 11._Relationship of Foreign Owner to Producer (If applicable) | cnecn
4, Representative of Foreign Person (completing form, if aoplicable} =
AlNAWE A, Producer is:
: 1. Foreign owner
B, ADORESS (Street, State, Country) 2. Manager
3._Tenant or sharecropper
B. Rental agreement is:
G. TELEPHONE No, (Area Code) 1, Acrop share
1D. Relationship of Representative to Foreign Person CHECK '
1, Attomey 2, Cash or fixed rent
2. Manager 12. The Producer on This Tract k CHECK
3. Agent ‘A_ The same person as when the tract was acquired
4. Other (Explain on Reverse) B. Anew person

13. CERTIFICATION - I certify that the information entered in this re}
toa civil penalty not to exceed 25% of the fair market ualue of the interest held in

port is complete and correct, I understand that.

falsification of reporting is subject
the tract of land.

14, SIGNATURE (Owner or legally authorized representative) TITLE

[DATE

FOREIGN PERSON COPY

47


Figuro +

State Concentration of Forelgn Ownership of Agricultural Land, December 31, 1990

50,000-99,999
[Hiff} 100,000-199,999
200,000-399,999
[222] 400,000 & over

” Figue2

United States, December 31, 1990

Ly :

Proportion of Foreign-Owned Agricultural Land to All Privately Owned Agricultural Land inthe

Legend: Percentage
[| Less than 1%
1 to 9%

1.0 to 1.9%
2.0% or more



Foreign Ownership of U.S. Agricultural Land Through December 31,
1990, by J. Peter DeBraal, Resources and Technology Division,
Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. ERS
Staff Report No. AGES 9120.

Abstract

Foreigners owned 14.4 million acres of U.S. agricultural land as
of December 31, 1990. This is slightly more than 1 percent of
all privately held agricultural land and 0.6 percent of all land
in the United States. These and other findings are based on an
analysis of reports submitted in compliance with the Agricultural
Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978.

Keywords: Agricultural land, foreign landownership, landholdings,
land acquisitions, land dispositions.

Washington, DC . 20005-4788 . April 1991

iii


Concentration of Foreign Acquisitions of U.S. Agricultural Land

Fifty-eight percent of the acres. acquired during 1990 were in
Maine (table 18). Sixty- seven percent of.the acquisitions were
concentrated in the Northeast (table 24). The concentration of
acquisitions in Maine and the Northeast is due primarily to
sizable acquisitions by two timber companies--a Canadian
corporation and a U.S. -/Canada corporation.

Characteristics of Foreilgn owners

Type of Foreign Owner. ‘corporations reported acquiring 71
percent of the parcels and 87 percent of the acres (table 19).
Individuals account for |1 percent of the acres; partnerships, 9
percent; and trusts, 3 percent. When partial interests of
foreign investors are taken into account, the .911,910' acres drop
to an acreage equivalent of 333,454.

Corporations acquired an average of 3,197 acres per parcel, or
7,310. acres per owner, compared with individuals who acquired an
average 272 acres per parcel, or 290 acres per holder. Partner-
ships reported acquisitions averaging .2,199 acres per parcel, .or.
3,063 acres per owner; and trusts reported 1,659 acres per parcel
and 2,580 acres per owner.

The largest. acreage acquired by individuals during the period was
reported for Texas (table 20). Organizations reported acquiring
the largest acreage in Haine.

Size of Acquisition. The largest number of owners reported their
acquisitions in the range of 100 to 999 acres (table 21). Owners
of parcels with 1,000. acres or more (19 percent of the owners)
acquired approximately 96 percent of the acres, and owners of
parcels with. less than i, 000 acres (81 percent of the owners)
acquired the remaining 4 percent of the acres. All parcels of
1,000 or more acres accounted for 64 percent of the total value.
The value per acre, however, is concentrated in the reports of
holders of less than 1,000 acres--$3,736 per acre, compared with
$289 per acre for holdings of 1,000 or more acres.

TABLE 19--U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS BY TYPE OF FOREIGN OWNER,
UANUARY 1 ~ DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER )

: PARCELS WITH

OWNER OWNERS PARCELS ACRES, PARTIAL ACREAGE
«| REPORTING] REPORTED INTERESTS EQUIVALENT 2/

REPORTED 1/

INDIVIDUAL |" 46 43 13,346 4 13,245

CORPORATION 108 247 789,577 46 211,333

PARTNERSHIP 28 39 85,763 4 85,652

TRUST 3 14 23,224 ° 23,224 -
TOTAL 191 * 349 "911,910° ‘ba 333,454

4/_ PARCELS WITH ParTIAt INTERESTS ARE THOSE PARCELS WHICH ARE OWNED
ONLY IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR; THAT. IS, A PERCENTAGE INTEREST LESS
THAN 100 PERCENT.

2/ ACREAGE EQUIVALENT) EQUALS THE TOTAL ACREAGE REPORTED MULTIPLIED BY
THE PERCENTAGE HELD BY THE FOREIGN OWNER.

| S28



TABLE 9--FOREIGN OWNERSHIP OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS BY U.S. REGION,
ane DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)
!
SOUTH WEST NORTHEAST MIDWEST
COUNTRY |
parcets || Acres | parcets | Acres | PARCELS | ACRES | PARCELS | ACRES

ARGENTINA at 6,240 5 4,855 3 1,798 1 80
AUSTRALIA 7 1.794 4 1,420 1 13 2 92
AUSTRIA sa | 231844 10. 29,451 3 106 10 2,788
BAHAMAS 32 5.786 7. 18,645 6 1,123 2 91340
BAHRAIN ° ° ° ° ° ° 5 553
BARBADOS 3 417 ° ° ° ° ° °
BELGIUM 26 8,083 56 51,817 14 - 986 10 2,486
BELIZE 4 159 1 25 ° ° 1 365
BERMUDA 19] 67,183 5 1,092 7 2,011 30 2,695
BOLIVIA 2 11 ° ° ° ° ° °
BRAZIL | 5 Bat 1 320 ° ° ° °
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS 29 | 46,249 3 4,203 6 7,839 5 11,990
CANADA 336 | 76,934 865 281,944 722 1,552,583 176 68,452
CAYMAN ISLANDS 31 | 14,609, 6 21450 1 74 12 6,031
CHILE 3 436, 1 960 ° ° 1 160
CHINA 4 144 2 263 ° ° 1 92
COLOMBIA 35 8,622 a) ° ° ° 1 100
COSTA RICA 7 2.429 1 10,840 ° ° 1 150
cuBA 2 20 ° ° ° ° ° °
EZECHOSLOVAKIA 2 30 ° ° ° ° 3 455,
DENMARK 3) ° 732 8 984 5 455 7 2.511
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 3 ag ° ° ° ° 9 2,079
ECUADOR 30 9st ° ° ° ° ° °
EGYPT 12 1,895 1 97 1 100 1 a2
EL SALVADOR 5 308 ° ° ° ° ° .0
FINLAND 2 218 ° ° ° ° ° °
FRANCE 94°| 20,100 43 47,833 22 © 12,360, 17 7,580
GAMBIA 1 294 ° ° “90 ° °
GERMANY 784 | 354,629 388 206,078 132 38,897 378 130,320
GREECE 7 | $4,783 2 11439 2 90 10 1444
GUATEMALA 8 506 20 ° 2 307 1 242
GUYANA 1 35 ° ° ° ° ° °
HONOURAS 14 892 ° ° ° ° ° °
HONG KONG 38 6.713 48 9.163 7 1.657 3 667
HUNGARY ° ° ° ° 2 110 ° °
INDIA 5 1,108 7 556 1 23 ° °
INDONESIA 4 752 1 52 ° ° ° . 0
TRAN 5 396 7 4B 5 788 7 958
IRELAND "4 6.671 1 3,600 ° ° 4 434
ISRAEL 2 364 1 61 1 159 3 483
ITALY 20 | 79,867 13 2,014 4 756 5 60s
IVORY COAST ° ° ° 1 119 ° °
YAMAICA 4 1,631 ° ° ° ° ° °
JAPAN 17 | 29,666 88 139,313 1 104 14 11,504
YORDAN 12 682 2 11371 2 229 3 61
KAMPUCHEA ° ° ° ° ° ° 1 34
KOREA (SOUTH) 4 473 1 26 1 100 ° °
KUWAIT 3 499 2 224 1 217 3 695
Laos ot 3t ° ° ° ° ° °
LEBANON “24 7,242 5 2.410 6 843 10 2.817
LIBERIA 8 1,520 41 23,701 4 4,689 1 114
LIECHTENSTEIN 7s | 74,729 55 37,202 15 21210 21. 10,425
LUXEMBOURG 7 5.694 2 505 ° ° 1 286
MALAYSTA a 40 4 7,908 ° ° ° °
MEXICO 259 | 149,597 17 tacgtt t 27 4 864
MONTSERRAT ° ° ° ° 4 145 ° °
MOROCCO ° ° 1 360 3 - 515 1 160
NAMIBIA 2 106 ° ° ° ° 1 ot
NETHERLANDS 154 |° 51,955 469 51,834 29 9,268 52 14,151
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 2aa | 173,480 105 158,477 a4 6,409 36 ' 24.669
NEW ZEALAND 1 413 2 ° ° ° °
NICARAGUA a 1,378 ° ° ° ° °
NIGERIA 1 14 ° ° ° ° °
NORWAY 2 654 2 ° ° 17 4,532
OMAN, 4 192 1 ° ° ° °
PAKISTAN ° ° 8 ° ° ° °
PANAMA 142 | 92,202 46 6 2,622 8 7,080
ERU Ss 17 182 1 t 15 ° °
PHILIPPINES "1 887 29 ° ° 3 186
POLAND ° ° ° 4 147 ° °
PORTUGAL 1 20 3 1 385 ° °
ST VINCENT 3 1,318 ° 1 1,319 ° °
SAUDI ARABIA a2 | 141553 10 1 31628 4 505
SINGAPORE 2 64 3 ° ° ° °
SOMALIA ° ° ° 1 4 ° °
SOUTH AFRICA 1 7 2 3 461 ° °
SOUTHERN RHODESIA 1 230 ° ° ° °
SPAIN 6 681 6 ° ° 4 785
SWEDEN 14 3,724 5 3 313 11 2,087
SWITZERLAND 301 | 147,370 84 107,401 42 16,357 57 25,668
SYRIA 6 4.178 1 194 2 334 ° °
TAIWAN 13 8.709 10 1,887 ° ° 5 985
TANZANIA 2.| 10.143 ° ° ° ° ° °
THATLAND 1 127 ° ° ° ° 3 113
TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 3 73 ° ° ° o- 1 58
TURKEY ° ° 1 38 ° ° 1 520
TURKS ISLANDS - 0 ° 6 798 1 160 5 2,234
UNITED ARAB EMTRATES 9 3.426 3 276 ° ° ° °
UNITED KINGDOM 135 | 50,439 62 . 103, 198 47 80.945 78 76,724

CONTINUED-~

16



ca EEE SESS
, |

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Just dial 1-800-999-6779. Toll free in the United States and Canada.

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the acres (table 36). As should be expected, sales prices per
acre were higher for smaller parcels, although not. necessarily
the smallest parcels. Average selling price for parcels of .60 to
99 acres was $7,409 per |acre, compared with $903 per acre for
parcels of 1,000 or more acres. Average selling price of all
reported dispositions ws $1,147 per acre.

Country .of Origin. Foreign persons from canada and U.S./Switzer-
land and U.S./France corporations disposed of most of the acre-
age--83 percent (table 37). Most of the dispositions occurred

in the West, and Northeast, 42 percent
of the acres (table 38): U.S./Switzerland corporations disposed
of 72 percent of the acres in the West. Foreign persons from
Canada not associated with a U.S. corporation and U.S./France
corporations disposed of 96 percent of the acres in the
Northeast.

Land Use

Thirty-three percent of/the dispositions were cropland, 6 percent
pasture, 46 percent forest, 3 percent other agriculture, and 12
percent other nonagriculture (table 39). U.S./Canada and U.S./
Switzerland corporations disposed of 83 percent of the cropland.
Foreign persons from Canada not affiliated with a U.S. corpora-
tion and U.S./France corporations disposed of 88 percent of the
forest land. Foreign persons from Canada and U.S./Japan cor-
porations disposed of 94 percent of the other agricultural ‘land.
U.S./Switzerland corporations disposed of 87 percent of the other
nonagricultural land.

Trends

The data for 1990 are generally biased toward the first part of
the year, whereas the data for 1981 through 1990 are generally
more evenly distributed] throughout the year (table 40). This has
also been the case for current year data in past AFIDA reports.
This can be explained primarily in terms of the AFIDA reporting
requirements, which allow persons 90 days to report. their trans-
actions*to USDA. Consequently, not all of ‘the transactions
occurring in the 90 days preceding the closing date of the report
are reported to USDA by| that date. Some of the biasing is also
due to reports that are not timely filed-.and/or completed by the
closing date. The foregoing discussion also means that the -1990
data, and in some instances data for prior years, are understated
and should be regarded las preliminary.

Foreign ownership of U.|S. agricultural land has remained rel-
atively steady from 1981 through 1990--slightly above or. below 1
percent of all privately owned agricultural land in the. United
States (fig. 3). Most jof the fluctuation is attributable to
Changes in the forest holdings, rising. from 7.2 million acres in
1981 to 8:1 million in |1984, dropping to 6.0 million in 1989 and
rising to 7.2 million in 1990.. These changes are mainly due to
million-acre-plus transactions by large timber companies.
Looking at the crop, pasture, and other. agriculture figures
reveals a steady but relatively small increase in the number.

40



TABLE 19--U.S. FOREST AND OTHER NONAGRICULTURAL

|) LANOHOLOINGS
BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER, DECEMBER 31, .1990
| (NUMBER)

ARGENTINA 2 2 240
AUSTRALIA 3 4 520
AUSTRIA 6 18 16,738
BAHAMAS 1: 1 7200
BARBADOS 4 1 738
BELGIUM 2 2 160
BELIZE 1 20... 402
BERMUDA 7 13 a4564
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS 3 5s 7520
CANA 248 370 1,529,404
CAYMAN. TSLANDS 3 4 21210
DENMARK 3 4 11676
EGYPT 3 4 140
EL SALVADOR 1 1 50
FRANCE a 4 7,306
GERMANY 194 194 1431770
Greece 3 3 138
GUATEMALA pod 4 188
HONG KONG 2 5 4,136
INDIA 4 1 a3i
TRAN 3 3 243
ISRAEL. 1 1 16
ITALY 1 1 80
YAMAICA 1 1 4.310
UAPAN a 4 t1aa
UORDAN 3 a 204
KOREA (SOUTH) 1 1 353
LEBANON 2 2 ed
_ LIBERIA 2 2 4,280
UIECHTENSTEIN 8 12 14,030
LUXEMBOURG 1 1 250
MEXICO 2 2 198
NETHERLANDS 5 @ 4,075
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 20 30 39,411
NORWAY 1 1 7
PANAMA 6 2 16,944
PHILIPPINES. 4 8 203
ST VINCENT 1 4 20
SAUDI ARABIA 3 3 665
SOMALIA 1 1 14
SWEDEN 3 3 770
SWITZERLAND 13 19 10,095
SYRIA 2 2 147
TAIWAN 1 1 96
TURKS ISLANDS 1 1 5
UNTTED ARAB EMIRATES 1 2 708
UNITED KINGDOM 35 a6 78,278
VENEZUELA 6 10 11788
VIETNAM 1 1 152
MULTIPLE 7 8 5.619
THIRD TIER 3 8 43,215
SUBTOTAL 1/ 876°. 840° 1,985,472
US/AUSTRALIA 1 1 345
US/AUSTRIA 3 8 2.387
US/BAHAMAS 1 2 3,984
US/BELGTUM 6 22 61509
US/BERMUDA Ss 1B 9,681

US/ORITISH VIRGIN
TSLANOS 1 3 4.023
US/CANADA 37 aaa 4,978,911
US/CAYMAN. TSLANDS, 4 4 640
US/CHINA 1 2 956
US/DENMARK 4 4 8.176
uUS/EGYPT . 4 1 185
US/F INLAND 2 4 1047
US/FRANCE 15 146 851,632
US/GERMANY 19 46 221225
US/GREECE 1 1 1AT
US/JAPAN 15 23 102,812
US/KENYA 1 4 32
US/KUWATT 1 1 772
US/LTBERIA a 4 3,520
US/LIECHTENSTEIN: 2 3 6,648
US/LUXEMBOURG 4 1 8
US/MEXICO 2 2 217
US/NETHERLANDS io 25 19,342
US/NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 8 12 1,333,
US/NORWAY 1 4 28
US/PANAMA a 4 2,242
US/PHILIPPINES 3 3 796
US/OATAR- 1 1 219
US/SAUDI_ARABIA 2 20 4,793
“US/SWITZERLAND " 20 54,080
US/TAIWAN 1 1 137
US/UNITED KINGDOM AG 203 1,896,893
US/VENEZUELA 3 3 11787
US/MULTIPLE 4 14 161,085
US/THIRD TIER 2 4t7 233,544
SUBTOTAL 2/ 220 1.166 4,866,043
TOTAL 796 6,851,515

2,006

- al
4/__ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH

FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS

2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN

SHAREHOLDERS.

24



Interest in Land

Eighty-three percent of the parcels, accounting for 34 percent of
the reported acres, were acquired in fee interest whole (table
25). Sixty-five percent of the acres account for a less than
complete ownership interest.

Method of Acquisition

Fifty-five percent of the parcels, covering 13 percent of the
acres, were acquired for cash only (table 25). This compares
with 15 percent of the parcels, covering 76 percent of the acres,
which were acquired by cash and credit.

Land Use

Of the acres acquired in 1990, 74 percent were in forest, 10
percent in crop, 9 percent in pasture, 4 percent in other
agriculture, and 3 percent in other nonagriculture (table 26).

Separating out data on reports for only forest land or forest
land and other nonagricultural land shows. that 71 percent of the

TABLE 25--FOREIGN-OWNED U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND ACQUISITIONS BY TYPE
OF INTEREST, METHOD OF ACQUISITION, AND OWNER-REPRESENTATIVE
VANUARY 1 - DECEMBER.31, 1990 ‘ ‘

(NUMBER)
ITEM PARCELS ACRES. '
REPORTED
INTEREST:
FEE INTEREST WHOLE 290 307.633
FEE INTEREST PARTIAL 1/ 54 595.008
LIFE ESTATE 2 136
PURCHASE CONTRACT 2 118
OTHER 1 9,015
TOTAL 349 911,910
METHOD OF ACQUISITION:
CASH ONLY . 192 115,241
CREDIT ONLY 38 30,682
TRADE ONLY 26 38.658
GIFT/INHERITANCE ONLY 2 127
FORECLOSURE ONLY 1 409
OTHER METHOD ONLY 33 33,727
CASH & CREDIT ONLY 54 689,720
CASH & TRADE ONLY 3 3,346
TOTAL 349 911,910
OWNER-REPRESENTATIVE:
ATTORNEY 187 711,436
MANAGER 58 112,965
AGENT : 28 19,232
OTHER 58 61,754
FOREIGN OWNER 18 6,523
TOTAL 349 911,910

4i/ THE FEE INTEREST PARTIAL IS USED FOR THOSE PARCELS WHICH ARE
OWNED ONLY IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR: THAT IS, A PERCENTAGE
INTEREST LESS THAN 100 PERCENT

33



cash and credit only category covers an additional 9 percent of
the parcels and 15 percent of the acres. :

Relationship of Foreign Owner to Representat

Forms were most commonly completed by the attorneys, accounting

for 31 percent of the parcels and 39 percent of the total acreage

(table 10).

which includes accountants, family members, and people associated

The second largest group is the other category,

with or employed by corporations.
filed forms for 22 percent of the parcels, representing 19
percent of the foreign-held agricultural land.

Land Use

People in the other category

Fifty percent of the reported foreign-owned holdings of
agricultural land is timber or forest land (table 11); cropland

accounts for only 17 percent.

Foreign-owned cropland, pasture,

and other agricultural land (which includes, for example, or~
chards and vineyards) total 47 percent of all foreign-owned

holdings, but only 0.5 percent of all privately held agricultural
The other nonagriculture category

land in the United States.

TABLE 10--FOREIGN-OWNED U.S.

BY TYPE OF INTEREST, METHOD OF ACQUISITION,

AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS

OWNED ONLY IN PART BY THE FOREIGN INVESTOR; THAT IS,
INTEREST LESS THAN 100 PERCENT.

19

AND OWNER-REPRESENTATIVE, DECEMBER 31, 1990
(NUMBER)
ITEM PARCELS ACRES
INTEREST: .
FEE INTEREST WHOLE 11,095 _ 11,282,394
FEE INTEREST PARTIAL 4/ 847° 2,654,629
LIFE ESTATE 42 8,552
TRUST BENEFICIARY 179 111,559
PURCHASE CONTRACT 671 933,284
OTHER 66 55,329
TOTAL 12,900 14,445,741
METHOD OF ACQUISITION:
CASH ONLY 6,025 5,269,450
CREDIT ONLY 4,032 2,365,217
TRADE ONLY 265 321,241
GIFT/INHERITANCE ONLY 340 226,986
FORECLOSURE ONLY 25 24,089
OTHER METHOD ONLY 827 3,208,366
CASH & CREDIT ONLY 1,156 2,118,347
CASH & TRADE ‘ONLY 69 587,828
CASH & ANY OTHER COMBINATION 42 55,492
NO REPORT 47 21,893
NONCASH COMBINATIONS 72 246,832
TOTAL 12,900 14,445,741
OWNER-REPRESENTATIVE:
ATTORNEY 3,974 5,676,146
MANAGER 2,481 3,732,398
AGENT 1,398 1,104,792
‘OTHER 2,782 2.678.366
FOREIGN OWNER 2,097 1,060,702
NO REPORT 168 193,337
TOTAL 12,900 14,445,741
4/. THE FEE INTEREST PARTIAL IS USED FOR THOSE PARCELS WHICH ARE

A PERCENTAGE



the Pacific Islands, or 3) is not lawfully admitted into the
United States for permanent residence. Any person who holds an
Immigration and Naturalization Service Form I-151 or I-551. (green
card) is considered lawfully admitted for permanent residence and
is exempt from the requirements of the act. Foreign governments,
entities which are created under the laws of or have their
principal place of business in a foreign country, and U.S.
entities in which there is a significant foreign interest or

substantial control are also defined as foreign persons under the
act. 5

For this study, individuals are defined as one person ora
husband and wife. The "partnership" category includes all
legally defined partnerships, joint ventures, and tenancies in
common that include two: or more persons who are not married. The
term partnership does not differentiate between joint tenancies
and tenancies in common. In.the interest of simplicity and
brevity, fine legal distinctions, however important in an indi-
vidual case, are ignored.

Each foreign entity holding land is required to file a report.
Therefore, if two individuals own land as a partnership, the
partnership is to file one report as a partnership, with the
partners' names and citizenship listed on the back of the form.
Occasionally, however, two people will file as individuals, each
filing a separate report on the same land with a partial. interest
of, for example, 50 percent. listed on each form. Because it is
not always possible to distinguish separate reports for the same
land, two such individuals cannot be differentiated from one
partnership. This may occur when there is no legal partnership
but individuals own the land as tenants in common. If they~ file
together on one form, they are automatically considered:a part-
nership. If they file separately, they are generally considered
individuals. Therefore, the data on individuals and partnerships
and the number of reported parcels should be used with caution.

The act is designed to impute foreign person status to certain
U.S. entities holding direct and indirect interests in U.S.
agricultural land. For purposes of the act, this is. accomplished
by defining each successive link in a chain of U.S. entities
containing foreign interests as a foreign person. However, only
the foreign person who actually holds the direct interest in the
land (that is, the first layer or tier) is considered the report-
ing entity. This entity need not actually be foreign, but under
the act it is deemed a foreign person because another foreign,
person holds a significant interest or substantial control in it.
In some instances, that second tier also may not actually be
foreign but may be deemed foreign under the act for the same
reason. The regulations define "significant interest or sub-
stantial control" to mean a 10-percent or more interest in the
entity if held by a single. foreign person or a group of foreign
persons acting in concert, or a 50-percent or more interest if.
held by a group of foreign persons not acting in concert, none of
whom individually holds a 10-percent or greater interest in that
entity.


TABLE 36--DISPOSITIONS OF FOREIGN-OWNED U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND
BY SIZE OF DISPOSITION, JANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990

OWNERS PARCELS SELLING
SIZE REPORTING REPORTED ACRES PRICE
(ACRES) (NUMBER ) (NUMBER) (NUMBER) (1,000

DOLLARS) 4/

LESS THAN 20 13 13 108 727
20-59 | 13 30 510 2,364
60-99 15 18 1,210 8,956
100-299 25 aa 4,175 12,504
300-999 20 28 10,398 . 45,013
1000 OR MORE 20 170 207,958 187,857

TOTAL 106 293 224,359 257,421

A/ SELLING PRICE IS VALUE AT. TIME OF DISPOSITION.
,

TABLE 97--DISPOSITIONS OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND BY COUNTRY OF FOREIGN
OWNER, UANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990

OWNERS PARCELS SELLING
COUNTRY REPORTING | REPORTED ACRES PRICE
(NUMBER ) (NUMBER ) (NUMBER) (1,000
DOLLARS) 1/

ARGENTINA 1 1 87 325
AUSTRIA 1 1 2 9
BERMUDA - 2 3 403 7,048
BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS 2 5 4,701 1,290
CANADA 18 26 52,932 23,138
CAYMAN ISLANDS 1 1 218
FRANCE 3 4 432
GERMANY 12 20 8,946
HONG KONG 1 1 8
JAPAN 1 1 98
MEXICO 1 3 163
NETHERLANDS 2 2 288
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 4 8 763
SWITZERLAND 6 9 4,439
UNITED KINGDOM 4 7 1,282
VENEZUELA 1 1 14
MULTIPLE 1 1 12

SUBTOTAL 2/ ' 61 ga 74,758
US/BERMUDA 1 1 3 2
US/BRITISH VIRGIN

ISLANDS 2 2 226 659
US/CANADA 7 16 18.154 3,428
US/FRANCE 4 65 42,585 14,401
US/GERMANY 4 4 292 512
US/GREECE 1 2 244 843
US/HONG KONG 1 1 37 135,
US/ITALY 1s 2 1,500 3,206
US/JAPAN 2 4 3,529 42,535
US/LIECHTENSTEIN 2 2 210 322
US/NETHERLANDS 1 2 1,799 615
US/NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 2 2 1,299 6,300
US/PANAMA 3 3 615 5.725
US/SWITZERLAND 7 22 74,699 64,449
US/UNITED KINGDOM 7 m1 7.349 54,366

SUBTOTAL 3/ 45 199 149,601 197,498
TOTAL ALL

LAND DISPOSITIONS 106 293 224,359 257,421

i/ SELLING PRICE IS VALUE AT TIME OF DISPOSITION,

2/ TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN
SHAREHOLDERS. .

3/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S. CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS

41



TABLE 39--DISPOSITIONS OF U.S. AGRICULTURAL LAND BY ci

OUNTRY OF FOREIGN OWNER, BY USE,

UANUARY 1 - DECEMBER 31, 1990
(ACRES)
COUNTRY CROPLAND PASTURE FOREST OTHER OTHER NON- TOTAL
AGRICULTURE | AGRICULTURE

ARGENTINA ° ° 57 ° ° 57
AUSTRIA ° ° 2 ° ° 2
BERMUDA 57 ° ° ° 346 403
BRITISH. VIRGIN ISLANDS ° 4,610 ° gt ° 4,701
CANADA 340 2,439 48,640 1,420 93 52,932
CAYMAN ISLANDS 2414 ° ° 4 ° 218
FRANCE 355 ° ° ° 77 432
GERMANY 3,360 32 3,665 a1 1,808 8,946
HONG KONG ° ° 8 ° ° 8
JAPAN ° 98 ° °. ° 98
MEXICO 163 ° ° ° ° 163
NETHERLANDS ° 125 100 63 ° 288
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES ~ 384 ° 378 1 ° » 763
SWITZERLAND 2,563 aq7 1,307 ° 92 4,439
UNITED KINGDOM “356 223 702 ° 1 1,282
VENEZUELA ° ° 14 ° ° 14
MULTIPLE ° ° ° 12 ° 12

SUBTOTAL 1/ 7,792 8,004 54,873 1,672 2.417 74,758
US/BERMUDA ° ° ° ° 3 3
US/BRITISH VIRGIN

ISLANDS 127 99 ° ° ° 226
US/CANADA 13,535 1,816 “aos 2.370 24 18,154
US/FRANCE ° 70 42,465 ° 50 42,585
US/GERMANY 24 193 73 2 ° 292
US/GREECE 23 ° ° ° 224 244
US/HONG KONG 97 ° ° ° ° 97
US/ITALY ° 1,000 200 ° 300 1,500
US/UAPAN "1 458 ° 3,000 ° 3,529
US/LIECHTENSTEIN 168 ° ° ° 42 210
US/NETHERLANDS 1,799 oO. ° ° ° 1,799
US/NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 1,222 ° ° ° 77 1,299
US/PANAMA 535 ° ° ° 80 615
US/SWITZERLAND 47,123 ° 168 205 24,203 71,699
US/UNITED KINGDOM 425 1.317 5,363 ° 240 7,349

SUBTOTAL 2/ 65,149 4,953 48,678 5,577 25,244 149,601
TOTAL ALL

LAND DISPOSITIONS 72,941 12,957 103,554 7,249 27,661 224,359

1/4 TOTAL INTERESTS EXCLUDING U.S.
2/ TOTAL INTERESTS OF U.S.

CORPORATIONS WITH
CORPORATIONS WITH FOREIGN

43

FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS.
SHAREHOLDERS.


TABLE 1--U.S. AGRICULTURAL LANDHOLDINGS, OF FOREIGN OWNERS BY STATE, DECEMBER 31, 1990

TOTAL’ LAND PRIVATELY OWNED FOREIGN-OWNED | PROPORTION OF
: AREA AGRICULTURAL AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN-OWNED TO
STATE OF STATE 1/ LAND 2/ + LAND PRIVATELY OWNED.
(4,000 ACRES) (4,000 AcRES) (AcRES) AGRICULTURAL LAND
(PERCENT)
ALABAMA 28,620 ~ 395,629 1.4
ALASKA ‘500 416 at
ARIZONA 10,502 329,527 3.1
ARKANSAS 27,981 179,283 16
CALIFORNIA 44,042 911,645 2.4
COLORADO 36,618 : 539,871 1.5
CONNECTICUT 1,884 1,074 NEG.
DELAWARE 972 5,870 “6
FLORIDA 23,975 562,752 2.3
GEORGIA 32,338 568,360 1.8
GUAM 85 336 4
HAWATI 1,998 173,767 8.7
IDAHO 15,256 22,966 +2
ILLINOIS 34,633 146,279 5
INDIANA 20,493 60,499 “3
IOWA 93,582 31,310 at
KANSAS 49,780 73,329 ft
KENTUCKY 22,578 84,254 4
LOUISIANA 24,523 678,919 2.8
MAINE 18,065 3,001,062 16.6
MARYLAND 4,510 50,745 14
MASSACHUSETTS 2,664 1,934 :
MICHIGAN 25,742 202,908 8
MINNESOTA 36,343 220,644 “6
MISSISSIPPI 26,713 461,830 1.7
MISSOURI 39,289 61,130 +2
MONTANA 53,052 508,806 1.0
NEBRASKA 45,4404 76,471 +2
NEVADA 8,248 173,200 2.4
NEW HAMPSHIRE 4,251 220,207 5.2
NEW JERSEY 2.438 21,587 “3°
NEW MEXICO 35,705 855,266 2.4
NEW YORK 21,893 264,274 1.2
NORTH CAROLINA 26,392 229,225 “9
NORTH DAKOTA 39,211 30,851 at
OHTO 22,519 172,303 8
OKLAHOMA * 38,500 29,705 at
OREGON 28,022 649,407 2.3
PENNSYLVANIA 21,518 58,490 13
PUERTO RICO . NA 839 NEG.
RHODE ISLAND 439 ° oO:
SOUTH CAROLINA 15,851 186,956 L142
SOUTH DAKOTA 39,556 42,882 af
TENNESSEE 21,873 168,410 8
TEXAS 154,417 ' 1,059,539 0.7
UTAH; 11,892 88,927 7
VERMONT ’ 5,159 122,738 2.4
VIRGINIA 20,963 118,653 6
WASHINGTON 22,530 373,725 1.7
WEST VIRGINIA 13,531 76,312 “6
WISCONSIN 26,729 24,433 at
WYOMING 24,459 126, 196 5
TOTAL 2,265,242 1,265,272 14,445,744 141
4/1980 LAND AREA FROM ceborapny DIVISION, CENSUS BUREAU.

| 2/ PRIVATELY HELD LAND BA
U.S. DEPT.AGR., 1987.
AND URBAN LANDS. INCLUDES FO
MISCELLANEOUS.

NEG.=NEGLIGIBLE
NA=NOT AVAILABLE

SED ON A. DAUGHERTY, UNPUBLISHED DATA, ECON. RES. SERV.,
ESTIMATE OF TOTAL LAND LESS PUBLIC, INDIAN, TRANSPORTATION,
REST LAND, PASTURELAND, CROPLAND, RANGE,

AND