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Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies,

XVII: The Genus Smicridea

from North and Central America

(Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)

OLIVER S. FLINT, JR.

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 167
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SMITHSONIA N CONTRIBUTION S T O ZOOLOG Y • NUMBE R 167

Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies,

XVII: The Genus Smicridea

from North and Central America

(Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)

Oliver S. Flint, Jr.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS

City of Washington

1974
ABSTRACT

Flint, Oliver S., Jr. Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies, XVII: The Genus

Smicridea from North and Central America (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae).

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 167, 65 pages, 227 figures, 1974.—

The genus Smicridea is characterized in its adult, larval, and pupal stages, and

its affinities and distribution discussed. The tribe Smicrideini is proposed in

the subfamily Hydropsychinae for the genera Smicridea McLachlan and Asmicridea Mosely and Kimmins. In the region covered, the genus is composed of

2 subgenera, the nominate and Rhyacophylax Miiller, which are keyed, differentiated, and the species in each assigned to species groups. The subgenus

Smicridea (Antarctopsyche Ulmer, new synonym) contains 17 species, and the

subgenus Rhyacophylax contains 12 species, all of which are keyed, described,

and figured, with habitat notes and distribution added.

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded

in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 5001. SERIFS COVER DESICN:

The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus).

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Flint, Oliver S.

Studies of neotropical caddisflies, XVII.

(Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 167)

1. Smicridea. 2. Insects—North America. 3. Insects—Central America. I. Title. II. Series:

Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 167.

QL1.S54 no. 167 [SL518.H94] 595.7'45 73-16098

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.50 (paper cover)
Contents

Page

Introduction 1

Classification 3

Genus Smicridea McLachlan 4

Key to Subgenera 8

Subgenus Smicridea McLachlan 8

Key to Species, Subgenus Smicridea 9

Smicridea (S.) fasciatella McLachlan 11

Smicridea (S.) varia (Banks) 13

Smicridea (S.) bivittata (Hagen) 16

Smicridea (S.) unicolor (Banks) 17

Smicridea (S.) breviuncata, new species 18

Smicridea (S.) caldwelli Ross 19

Smicridea (S.) dampfi, new species 20

Smicridea (S.) nahuatl, new species 20

Smicridea (S.) cholta, new species 21

Smicridea (S.) turrialbana, new species 22

Smicridea (S.) calopa, new species 22

Smicridea (S.) ulva, new species 23

Smicridea (S.) cuna, new species 23

Smicridea (S.) matagalpa, new species 24

Smicridea (S.) tarasca, new species 25

Smicridea (S.) campana, new species 26

Smicridea (S.) pipila, new species 26

Subgenus Rhyacophylax Miiller 26

Key to Species, Subgenus Rhyacophylax 28

Smicridea (R.) signata (Banks) 29

Smicridea (R.) bifurcata, new species 33

Smicridea (R.) inarmata, new species 34

Smicridea (R.) arizonensis, new species 35

Smicridea (R.) salta, new species 35

Smicridea (R.) radula, new species 36

Smicridea (R.) acuminata, new species 37

Smicridea (R.) talamanca, new species 39

Smicridea (R.) zanclophora, new species 39

Smicridea (R.) dispar (Banks), resurrected species 40

Smicridea (R.) dithyra, new species 42

Smicridea (R.) veracruzensis, new species 43

Literature Cited 44

in

Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies,

XVII: The Genus Smicridea

from North and Central America

(Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)

Oliver S. Flint, Jr.

Introduction

One of the dominant elements in the Neotropical

caddisfly fauna is the hydropsychid genus Smicridea. Species of Smicridea are found from the southwestern United States, throughout Central and

South America, on all the major Antillean islands,

and in Australia. The diversity of this fauna has

been only barely suggested by the taxonomic work

up to now. Collections presently available from

South America indicate that the number of species

there are much greater than that here reported

from North and Central America.

Smicridea is the only genus of the subfamily

Hydropsychinae presently known to occur in South

America. In Mesoamerica the other hydropsychine

genera Hydropsyche and Cheumatopsyche are

known primarily from north of the Isthmus of

Tehuantepec, and the genus Plectropsyche occurs

sparingly throughout the region. The genus Hydropsyche also occurs in the West Indian islands

of Cuba and Hispaniola. Nevertheless, throughout

Mesoamerica and the Antilles the genus Smicridea

is generally the dominant one of the subfamily,

both in terms of number of species and quantity

of individuals. Considering these patterns of disOliver S. Flint, Jr., Department of Entomology, National

Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.

tribution it seems clear that the genus must have

been the only one in the subfamily to have persisted in Gondwanaland, and its subsequent fragments of South America and Australia. The minor

extension of Smicridea into the southwestern

United States is undoubtedly the result of dispersal

northward over the Central American land bridge

since its establishment in late Tertiary. However,

the other hydropsychine genera have not yet been

able to cross the bridge into South America.

I thank the following for the loan of types from

their collections: Dr. H. E. Evans and Dr. J. F.

Lawrence of the Museum of Comparative Zoology,

Harvard University, Cambridge; Dr. Jack Unzicker,

The Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana; and

Dr. S. Kellner-Pillaut, of the Museum National

d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

The collections of the author from Mexico and

Central America were the result of a grant (GB2616) from the National Science Foundation. The

additional collections made by my coworkers at

the National Museum of Natural History have

been very important and I am most grateful to

them. The department of Entomology staff artists,

Mrs. Elsie M. Froeschner and Mr. George Venable

prepared the excellent habitus illustrations.

Unless otherwise stated, all the material is in

the collec tions of the National Museum of Natural

History under the catalog numbers of the United

1
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURE ]—Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan: larva, lateral.
NUMBER 167

States National Museum (USNM). Other institutions in which material is located are identified as

follows:

CNC Canadian National Collection, Ottawa, Ontario

CU Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

INHS Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, Illinois

MCZ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge,

Massachusetts

MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris,

France

UCR University of California, Riverside, California

UK University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas

Classification

I consider that the Hydropsychidae is divided

into four subfamilies, the Arctopsychinae, Diplectroninae, Hydropsychinae, and Macronematinae.

On the basis of the sum of the characters in the

larva, pupa, and adult stages, Smicridea can only

be placed in the subfamily Hydropsychinae. It is

excluded from the Arctopsychinae and Diplectroninae by the lack of a transverse suture on the mesoand metanota in the larval stage. It is excluded

from the Macronematinae by the venation of the

gular sclerite

reduced

larval meso- and metanota

divided transversely, gular

sclerite complete

.Primitive

Ancestors

larval meso-and metanota

entire, gular sclerite

reduced or lost

adult with long

antennae 8k specialized

radiomedial system

radio-medial system in the hind wing and lack of

long antennae in the adult stage.

In the New World, the subfamily Hydropsychinae contains the genera Hydropsyche, Cheumatopsyche, Potamyia, Plectropsyche, and Smicridea.

On the basis of venation of the adult stage Smicridea agrees well with the other genera, especially

Cheumatopsyche whose species are also smaller in

size. It differs from all in possessing certain abdominal organs (probably for scent production) which

to me are known otherwise only in the Diplectroninae.

The larvae also agree in most characteristics with

the other hydropsychine genera. The mentum is

entire apically in Smicridea but cleft in all the

other New World genera, and the trochantin is

single rather than forked. In Potamyia, however,

the dorsal branch of the trochantin is very small.

The pupae are equally distinctive. The mandibles with the teeth at the base of the apical blade

are different from the other hydropsychine genera

in which the teeth are clustered near the apex.

The rodlike apical appendages are also unique; as

in the other genera these are flattened and bifid

apically.

Diplectroninae

Arctopsychinae

larval trochantin

8k mentum simple

adult with short

antennae 8 generalized

radiomedial system

in h. w.

Smicrideini

Hydropsychlni

larval trochantin

forked, mentum cleft

• Macronematinae

FIGURE 2 Phylogenetic tree of certain higher categories of Hydropsychidae.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

On the basis of these distinctions in the adult,

larval, and pupal stages, I propose the tribe Smicrideini (new tribe) for the typical genus Smicridea

and the Australian genus Asmicridea. The remaining genera in the Hydropsychinae will thus fall

into the tribe Hydropsychini.

It seems to me that the tribe Smicrideini is the

more primitive tribe in the subfamily. The simple

larval mentum and trochantin, pupal apical appendages, and basally toothed mandibles all seem

to represent the plesiomorphic condition. My preliminary ideas on the relationships of the higher

categories in the Hydropsychidae are summed up

in Figure 2.

I consider that the genus Smicridea is composed

of two subgenera, Smicridea sensu stricto and

Rhyacophylax. In the adult stage the two taxa are

very distinct, yet I am unable to find such diagnostic characters in the larvae or pupae. Therefore

I consider the two taxa to be no more than subgenera.

Genus Smicridea McLachlan

Smicridea McLachlan, 1871:134.—Ulmer, 19O7b:175.—Mosely

and Kimmins, 1953:326 Fischer, 1963:130. [Type-species:

Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan, 1871, by Milne 1936.]

Rhyacophylax Miiller, 1879.—Ulmer, 1907b: 174.—Ross, 1947:

144.—Fischer, 1963:134. [Type-species: Rhyacophylax

brasihanus Ulmer, 1905, by Fischer 1963.]

Pellopsyche Banks, 1903a:243—Ulmer, 1907b: 175. [Typespecies: Pellopsyche signata Banks, 1903a, monobasic]

Antarctopsyche Ulmer, 1907a:30; 1907b: 173—Fischer, 1963:

98. [Type-species: Antarctopsyche annulicornis Ulmer (not

Blanchard) 1907a, monobasic. New synonymy.]

Badallus Navas, 1918:21; 1920:42. [Type-species: Badallus

argentinus Navas, 1918, by original designation.]

ADULT.—Ocelli absent. Spurs 1, 4, 4, or 1, 4, 2.

Maxillary palpus with first 4 segments short, fifth

longer than basal four and multiarticulate, second

segment with several rows of stout setae apically

(Figure 5). Labial palpus with first 2 segments

short, third longer than first two, and articulate

(Figure 6). Antenna no longer than forewing.

Head dorsally lacking well-developed sutures; with

anteromesal and posterolateral warts well developed, anterolateral warts present but only weakly

delimited (Figure 4). Meso- and metanota without

setal warts (but with areas of setae) (Figure 3).

Forewing without specially modified hairs on vein

1A. Hind wing with R2 + 3 undivided, M arising

from R basally (Figure 7).

LARVA.—Labrum simple, with large anterolateral brushes, dorsal surface sparsely setate (Figure

9). Mandibles with lateral surface bearing narrow

dorsal and ventral flanges, with setae between;

mesal face bearing a variable number and form

of teeth; left mandible with a brush of setae (Figure 221). Labium with submentum not deeply cleft

apicomesally (Figure 10). Frontoclypeus with lateral margin not, or barely, expanded posterolaterally. Trochantin a simple conical projection

(Figure 11). Prosternum transverse without posterolateral sclerites. Pronotum divided on midline;

meso- and metanotum entire. Abdomen without

lateral line fringe; eighth and ninth sterna with

sclerites bearing numerous setae; body surface with

setae flattened and scalelike. Gills consisting of

a central stalk generally bearing several whorls of

smaller lateral filaments. Mesosternum with 1 pair

of gills, metasternum with 1 or 2 pairs; abdominal

segments 1-6 with a pair of ventral gills, segments

1-7 with a more lateral pair of ventral gills which

consist of 2 stalks on segments 2-7; with 1 to 3

single, small, filaments dorsally on each side of

segments 3-7. Anal claw without ventral teeth;

brush well developed.

PUPA.—Labrum with distinct basolateral lobes,

each bearing 4-5 long setae, anteromesal regiorr

with scattered setae (Figure 14). Mandibles inflated basally and bearing setae laterally and posteriorly on this portion; tapering regularly to a

pointed apex, inner margin with large teeth near

base and minutely serrate beyond (Figure 18).

Head anteriorly with numerous setae. Antennae

reaching tip of abdomen. Tarsus of midleg broadened and bearing lateral fringes. Thorax and abdomen with sparse setae; lacking lateral line fringe.

Abdomen with broad single or bifid lateral gills;

ventrally with branched gills. Hook plates anteriorly on segments 2-8, posteriorly on 3 and

usually 4 (Figure 17). Apical processes rodlike,

bearing an apical brush of stout setae (Figure 16).

COMMENTS.—The name Antarctopsyche is a

junior, subjective synonym of Smicridea sensu

stricto, whereas Pellopsyche and Badallus are

junior, subjective synonyms of the subgenus

Rhyacophylax.

The above diagnoses are based primarily upon

the type-species of the genus, S. fasciatella McLach-
NUMBER 167

FIGURES 3-8 Adult structures. Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan: 3, thorax, dorsal; 4, head,

dorsal; 5, maxillary palpus, lateral; 6, labial palpus, lateral; 7, wing venation. Smicridea signata

(Ranks): 8, wing venation.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 9-13.—Larval structures. Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan: 9, labrum, dorsal; 10, maxillolabium, ventral; 11, foreleg and propleuron, lateral; 12, midleg, lateral; 13, hind leg, lateral.
NUMBER 167

2A

3A

5A

6A

<t- 15

7A

17

18

FIGURES 14-18 Pupal structures. Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan: 14, labrum, dorsal; 15,

habitus, dorsal; 16, apical appendages, dorsal; 17, hook plates, dorsal (A = anterior, P =

posterior, 2-8 = segment member); 18, mandibles, ventral.
8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

Ian, but have been broadened where necessary to

include known divergences in other species of the

genus.

From the practical standpoint, when trying to

identify larvae of Neotropical Hydropsychidae,

one has considerable difficulty in separating the

first few instars of the macronematine genus Leptonema from those of Smicridea. These may be

distinguished by the type of abdominal pelage,

that of Leptonema being hairs and that of Smicridea broad scales. In the last instars they are easily

differentiated by size, structure of gills, and shape

of head.

No keys are being presented to the larvae or

pupae, as I feel it would be too misleading to do

so when these stages are known for only 5 of the

29 species. The few distinguishing characteristics

are discussed under the heading in the appropriate

species.

Only selected references are given in the

synonymy of each species. The full bibliography

is found in the listed Fischer references.

Key to Subgenera

Hind wing with R2tS and RVtS parallel for a considerable distance, with r present (though

rather weak), radiomedial system well separated from Cu, (Figure 7)

Smicridea sensu stricto

Hind wing with R4+5 separating from R2+s at a sharp angle, no r, and with basal portion of

radiomedial system approximate to Cu, (Figure 8) Rhyacophylax

Subgenus Smicridea McLachlan

The adults of this subgenus are characterized by

their venation. In the forewings the two posterior

crossveins (between M and Cu, and Cux and Cu2)

are separated from the crossveins connecting R and

M by a distance two or more times that of the

crossvein m-cu. In Rhyacophylax all crossveins in

the forewing are nearly in alignment. In the hind

wing of Smicridea sensu stricto R2 + 3 and R4 + 5

are subparallel, R4 • r, is about as long as R4 or R5,

crossvein r is present (although weak), and the

basal portion of the radiomedial system is well

separated from Cu. Rhyacophylax, in contrast, has

19

FIGURES 19-21.—Forewings: 19, Smicridea jasciatella McLachlan; 20, S. bhnttata (Hagen);

21, 5. varia (Banks).
NUMBER 167

R4 • 5 strongly divergent from R2 • 3 basally, R4 + 5

is about half as long as either R4 or R5, there is

no crossvein r, and the basal portion of the radiomedial system is closely approximate to Cu, basad

of its apical fork. In both sexes Rhyacophylax

bears a ventrolateral process from the fifth abdominal segment (smaller in the females), which

process is lacking in Smicridea sensu stricto but

which possesses in the males 2 pairs of internal,

reticulate sacs in the subapical abdominal segments. In addition the hind legs in Smicridea

sensu stricto have 2 pairs of spurs, whereas Rhyacophylax males lack the spurs at midlength.

Within the subgenus there are two clearly defined groups of species. The fasciatella group is

characterized in the male sex by the form of the

aedeagus, which is a simple tube bearing internally, eversible sclerites at the apex. In the second

group, the nigripennis group, the aedeagus is

greatly modified. The basal half is open ventrally

with the sclerotized part very much enlarged. The

apical half is essentially open posterodorsally with

various types of spines and structures extending

from the membranous central portion, and with

the lateral and ventral regions produced into various lobes and spurs.

Key to Species, Subgenus Smicridea*

1. Males with aedeagus a simple, angulate tube with spines or internal sclerites at apex (Figures 46-47); female vagina with an anterolateral cuplike sclerite partially surrounding

a central shield-shaped sclerite (Figure 70) fasciatella group, 2

Males with aedeagus complex, open posterodorsally with spines, processes, etc. (Figures

80-81); female vagina with anterolateral sclerite more or less ribbonlike, often very

complex, surpassing a small central sclerite which is found in anterior angle (Figures

110-111) nigripennis group, 6

2. Male with basal segment of clasper short, clasper barely attaining apex of tenth tergitc

(Figures 60-63); female with ventral margin of ninth tergum bearing a deep, round

incision (Figures 76-77); color bivittate (cf. Figure 20) ...5. S. breviuncata, new species

Male with basal segment of clasper elongate, basal segment alone usually attaining tip of

tenth tergite (Figure 44); female with ventral margin of ninth tergum straight or slightly

undulate (Figures 68, 74); color various 3

3. Male with tenth tergum broad and short in lateral aspect; apex of clasper broadly rounded

in dorsal aspect (Figures 56-59); female unknown; color uniformly fuscous

4. S. unicolor (Banks)

Male with tenth tergum, narrowly elongate in lateral aspect; apex of clasper pointed or bifid

(Figures 44-45, 53); color fuscous with white markings 4

4. Male with apex of clasper bifid (Figures 52-55); female with ventral margin of ninth tergum

distinctly sinuate (Figures 74-75); color bivittate (Figure 20) 3. S. bknttata (Hagen)

Male with apex of clasper pointed (Figure 45); female with ventral margin of ninth tergum

nearly straight (Figure 68); color with several, broad diffuse white bands (Figures 19,

21) 5

5. Male aedeagus in dorsal aspect with posterolateral arms of internal sclerite narrow and

divergent (Figures 44-47); color grayish with S ill-defined transverse white bands (Figure

19) 1. S. fasciatella McLachlan

Male aedeagus in dorsal aspect with posterolateral arms of internal sclerite elongate and

rectangular (Figures 48-59); color fuscous with 1 sharp transverse white band, and

iridescent silvery scales basally and apically (Figure 21) 2. S. varia (Banks)

6. Males 7

Females 18

7. Aedeagus deeply divided from the posterior on the midline ventrally, lateral halves may be

produced posteriad into 1 or 2 processes (Figures 80, 104) 8

Aedeagus not divided midventrally, but entire and usually produced from the posterior

margin (Figures 66, 130) 16

8. Aedeagus with a single process laterally or lateroventrally (Figures 123, 81) 9

Aedeagus with 2 processes laterally or lateroventrally (Figures 89, 105) 12

* Females of 5. unicolor, S. dampfi, S. campana, and 5. ulva are unknown.
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

9. Aedeagus with a ventrally directed, pointed process dorsolaterally from posterior margin,

centrally with a pair of slender semimembranous rods (Figures 120-123)

14. S. matagalpa, new species

Aedeagus without dorsolateral processes, possibly with a single dorsomesal process; with

at least one pair of central spines and often a central semimembranous tube (Figures

81, 97) 10

10. Aedeagus with a middorsal membranous process, with 1 or 2 pairs of short central spines

(Figures 97, 101) 11

Aedeagus with a long, moderately sclerotized mesal process flanked by long spines and a

lateral process (Figures 78-81) 6. S. caldwelli Ross

11. Aedeagus with ventrolateral process directed posteriad, with several lateral teeth; with 1

pair of internal spines (Figures 98-101) 11. S. calopa, new species

Aedeagus with apex of ventrolateral process sharply angled laterad; with 2 contiguous pairs

of spines (Figures 94-97) 10. S. turrialbana, new species

12. Aedeagus with both processes short, and sharply angled laterad (Figures 89, 92) 13

Aedeagus with both processes long and fingerlike, no more than gently curved laterad

(Figures 84, 104) 14

13. Aedeagus with internal spine short, not attaining apex of lateral process, and with a

dorsal tooth (Figures 86-89) 8. S. nahuatl, new species

Aedeagus with internal spine very long and slender, as long as lateral process (Figures

90-93) 9. S. cholta, new species

14. Aedeagus with lateral processes curving laterad in ventral aspect (Figures 104, 108) 15

Aedeagus with lateralmost process sharply angled mesad in ventral aspect (Figures 82-85)

7. S. dampfi, new species

15. Aedeagus with a slender lightly sclerotized central process (Figures 102-105)

12. S. ulva, new species

Aedeagus without a central process (Figures 106-109) 13. S. cuna, new species

16. Aedeagus with a dorsomesal, tubular process with a pair of apicolateral earlike lobes

(Figures 124-127) 15. S. tarasca, new species

Aedeagus without such a process 17

17. Aedeagus with midventral lobe narrowed and produced apically (Figures 128-131)

16. S. campana, new species

Aedeagus with midventral lobe parallel-sided and truncate apically (Figures 64-67)

17. S. pipila, new species

18. Vaginal sclerites with lateral supports and central sclerite not clearly separated; with

central "keyhole" opening near posterior margin (Figures 132-133)

17. S. pipila, new species

Lateral supports and central sclerite separate and distinct, "keyhole" opening of central

sclerite in anterior half of complex (Figures 110-119, 134-136) 19

19. Lateral supports of vagina parallel and of uniform width, truncate anteriorly (Figures

134-136) 20

Lateral supports divergent posteriad, anteriorly obliquely truncate or pointed (Figures

110-119) 21

20. Lateral supports capped by a series of intricate sclerotized folds (Figure 136)

14. S. matagalpa, new species

Lateral supports not so capped (Figures 134-135) 15. S. tarasca, new species

21. Lateral supports of vagina with inner margin strongly crenulate (Figures 110-111)

6. S. caldwelli Ross

Inner margin smoothly sinuate 22

22. Lateral supports of vagina ending in a rounded lobe, without sclerotized folds capping the

ends (Figures 116-117) 9. S. cholta, new species

Lateral supports capped posteriorly by sclerotized folds varying in complexity (Figures

112-115) 23

23. Lateral supports surmounted by a rather simple, caplike pocket (Figure 114)

10. S. turrialbana, new species

Lateral supports surmounted by a more complex series of folds, hooks, etc. (Figures 112,

115-118) 24

24. Lateral supports posteriorly completely united by a series of heavily sclerotized folds

(Figure 115) 13. S. cuna, new species

Sclerotized folds posteriorly not uniting the two arms (Figures 112, 118) 25
NUMBER 167 11

25. Lateral supports with sclerotized folds large and complex (Figures 112-113)

8. S. nahuatl, new species

Lateral supports posteriorly bearing a mesally directed hook, and a few simple, lightly

sclerotized folds (Figures 118-119) 11. S. calopa, new species

1. Smicridea (S.) fasciatella McLachlan

FIGURES 1, 3-7, 9-19, 22, 44-47, 68-71, 217 220-221

Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan, 1871:136.—Milne, 1936:72,

73.—Ross, 1944:85.—Kimmins and Denning, 1951:116.—

Kimmins, 1957:106 Fischer, 1963:132; 1972:144.

Hydropsyche divisa Banks, 19O3b:244.

Smicridea divisa (Banks).—Ulmer, 1907b: 175.

Smicridea divisa (Banks) [as synonym of fasciatella].—Milne,

1936:73—Ross, 1938:19—Fischer, 1963:133.

This, the type-species of the genus, is common

in the southwestern United States and northeastern Mexico. I have examined the type series of

H. divisa Banks and concur in its synonymy with

S. fasciatella McLachlan. The generic diagnoses of

adult, larva, and pupa are based primarily upon

this species.

The coloration is sufficient in general for the

recognition of the adults of this species. The genitalia of the male are extremely similar to those of

the following species, S. varia (Banks), but the

apex of the tenth tergite in dorsal aspect is obliquely truncate, and the posterolateral arms of the

internal sclerite of the aedeagus are narrow and

diverge at right angles from the central axis. The

female genitalia do not appear to be distinctive

in the two species.

The larvae appear to be identical to those of

S. varia, although the shape of the anterior margin

of the frontoclypeus and molar tooth of the mandibles will distinguish the known larvae of the

other species in the genus. The pupae of all three

species known in this subgenus seem inseparable.

They may be separated from the pupae of the two

known species in Rhyacophylax, by the teeth on

3P which is Smicridea sensu stricto are borne

irregularly over its surface rather than in one anterior row.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 6 mm. Color gray,

legs pale brown, head with pale hair anteromesally;

forewing with 3 transverse, irregular bands of

white hair of which the basal and apical bands

are rather diffuse, apical fringe white (Figure 19).

Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior margin nearly vertical. Tenth tergite constricted subapically with tip produced into a dorsal point in

lateral aspect, in dorsal aspect with tip obliquely

truncate. Clasper with basal segment long, barely

expanded apicad; apical segment tapering to a

point in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with

basal and apical sections meeting at an angle of

about 130°; internal sclerite narrow, with narrow,

laterally directed apical arms. Female genitalia:

Eighth sternite with posterolateral lobe narrow,

dark fold straight, posterior margin nearly straight.

Ninth tergum with anterior margin nearly right

angled, nearly vertical below angle. Vagina with

lateral and anterior support narrow, central sclerite

and opening simple; with a lightly sclerotized

pouch arising posteriad.

LARVA.—Length to 9 mm. Sclerites yellowish

brown to brown; head with color pattern distinct

to very obscure, with a distinct pale, small spot at

base of each seta. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus

with evenly spaced, rounded lobes. Mandibles with

molar tooth produced, with ventral angle of about

90°.

PUPA.—Length 4.5-5.5 mm. See generic description.

MATERIAL.—U.S.A.: COLORADO: Adams County,

Watkins, 4-5 July 1927, Cornell University, Lot

542 Sub 300, 1 9 (CU). OKLAHOMA: Reagan, Pennington Creek, 15 October 1937, K. and R. Weddle,

1 $ (INHS); same, but 1 June 1937, H. H. Ross,

many $ 9 (INHS). TEXAS: Spring fed stream W

of Brackettville, 17 April 1939, H. H. and J. A.

Ross, 1^3 $ pupae; same but 21 September 1960,

Flint and Collette, 20 larvae. Gonzales, 12 May

1958, Flint and Evans, 5$ 4$ . Zavalla County,

Nueces R., 26 April 1910, Hunter and Pratt, 1 $.

Nueces R., 5 miles SW of Mathis, 12 August 1963,

Duckworth and Davis, many $ $. Mission, Bentsen State Park, 28 September 1951, A. B. Gurney,

1 9 ; same, but 10-11 August 1963, P. J. Spangler,

2 9 • Victoria, March 1926, E. A. Schwarz, 1 9 ;

same, but 24 April 1904, H. S. Barber, 3 larvae.

Ottine, Palmetto State Park, 12-13 August 1963,

P. J. Spangler, many <$ 9, 2 larvae; same, but 24

September 1960, Flint and Collette, 2 larvae. Del

Rio, San Felipe Spring, 21 September 1960, Flint
12

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

14O I3O 120 110 1OO 9O 8O 70 6O SO

FIGURE 22.—Distribution of Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan.

and Collette, 4 $ 2 $, 1 larva, 1 pupa. Kerr County,

Camp Verde, 9 October 1960, Flint and Collette,

many $ $, 15 larvae. San Marcos, San Marcos R.,

18 June 1960, O. S. Flint, Jr., 4 larvae, 2 pupae;

same, but 21 May 1960, many $ $ . Fentress, San

Marcos R., 17 September 1960, Flint and Collette,

11 larvae. Martindale Bridge, San Marcos R., 21

May 1960, Flint and Edwards, b$ 4$ , 13 larvae;

same, but 17 September 1960, Flint and Collette,

9 larvae. Bandera, 9 October 1960, Flint and Collette, 2 $ 1 9, 7 larvae, 2 pupae. East of Seguin,

17 September 1960, Flint and Collette, 25 larvae;

same, but 24 September 1960, 75 larvae. San

Geronimo Cr., between Riomedina and Castroville, 10 May 1960, Flint and Collette, 11 larvae.

Medina R., below Castroville, 14 May 1960, Flint

and Huddleston, 6 larvae, 1 $ pupa; same, but

8 October 1960, Flint and Collette, many larvae

and pupae. Medina R., above Riomedina, 14 May

1960, Flint and Huddleston, 5 <$ 1 $, many larvae
NUMBER 167 13

and pupae; same, but 10 May 1960, Flint and Collette, many larvae and pupae. ARIZONA: Salt River,

April, Oslar, $ lectotype H. divisa Banks, 9 lectoallotype, $ lectoparatype (MCZ). 3 miles W of

Quartzsite, 25 July 1952, R. B. and J. M. Selander,

1 $ (INHS).

MEXICO: TAMAULIPAS: Santa Engracia, 25

April 1936, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). Ciudad Victoria, 22 March 1963, R. Balderas L., 1 $ . NUEVO

LEON: Rio Elizondo, Monterrey, 19-20 June 1965,

O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ 2 9. Rio Camacho, Linares,

21-22 June 1965, O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ $. 3

miles E of Galeana, 7-9 August 1963, Duckworth

and Davis, 2$ . SAN LUIS POTOSI: El Salto, 11-14

July 1963, Duckworth and Davis, many $ $ ; same,

but 23-24 June 1965, O. S. Flint, Jr., 4 j 4$ ; same,

but 8 August 1966, many $ 9 . Tamazunchale, 29

March 1951, Lattin and Walker, many $ $

(INHS). 2 miles S of Tamazunchale, 15 July 1963,

Duckworth and Davis, many $ $ . Rancho Quemado (4 miles S of Tamazunchale), route 85, km

353, 4-6 August 1966, O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ $ ;

same, but 27 June 1965, 5 $ 1 $ . 2 miles N of

Tamazunchale, 2 August 1963, Duckworth and

Davis, 5 $ 11 $ ; same, but 16-18 July 1963, 15 $ .

Palitla (6 miles N of Tamazunchale), 25 June

1965, O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ 9 ; same, but 5 June

1966, many $ $ ; same, but 5 August 1966, many

$ 9. Huichihuayan (25 miles N of Tamazunchale), 3-4 August 1963, Duckworth and Davis,

many $ 9 ; same, but 26 June 1965, O. S. Flint,

Jr., many $ 9 ; same, but 4 June 1967, 1 9. VERACRUZ: 7 miles SW of Poza Rica, 20-22 July, Duckworth and Davis, 3 $ 18 9 . Puente Nacional, 31

July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2 $ . SINALOA: 25 miles

E of Villa Union, 4 August 1964, 2 9 (CNC). 21

miles E of Villa Union, 25 July 1964, 3 $ 3 9

(CNC). JALISCO: 13 miles N of Chapala, 1 August

1963, P. J. Spangler, 1 $. La Barca, 2 October

1934, A. Dampf, 16 3 (INHS).

BIOLOGY.—This is a common and often abundant species in the southwestern United States and

northern Mexico. The immature stages are found

on rocks and sticks, generally in riffle areas, in flowing water of from a meter to 10-15 meters in

width. The larvae construct a typically hydropsychid retreat and net extending into the current. The pupae are generally found in a more

protected site enclosed in a shelter of sand and/or

organic matter rather solidly held together by silk.

The adults are taken at light, often abundantly,

at night.

2. Smicridea (S.) varia (Banks)

FICURES 21, 23, 48-51, 72-73, 216

Rhyacophylax varius Banks, 1913:239.—Fischer, 1963:137.

Smicridea varius (Banks).—Flint, 1967:15.

This species is very close to 5. fasciatella McLachlan, but the typical form is easily recognized

by its color. The male genitalia offer a few distinctions, the tenth tergite is more narrowly

rounded apically in dorsal aspect, and the internal

sclerite of the aedeagus is quite differently shaped.

There appear to be no really diagnostic differences

in the female genitalia.

There is a form, that I attribute to this species,

in which the forewings are brown rather than

fuscous. The white bands in this form are also

more diffuse, producing an appearance approaching that of S. fasciatella. Possibly additional collections, especially with associated larvae, will require a reevaluation of the relationship of these

forms.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5-6 mm. Color

black, bases of legs pale brown, midtarsi externally

white; forewings black, with a broad diffuse

U-shaped band of white, opalescent hairs basally,

and a similar, broad transverse band of hair subapically, a narrow distinct white band from stigma,

usually offset at midlength (Figure 21). (There is

a form in which the black is replaced by brown,

and the opalescent hairs become more yellowish.

It may then appear very similar to fasciatella.)

Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior margin nearly vertical. Tenth tergite constricted subapically, tip rounded; in dorsal aspect with tip

rounded, usually showing a rounded mesally directed lobe. Clasper with basal segment long, barely

expanded apicad; apical segment tapering to a

point in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with

basal and apical sections meeting at an angle of

about 130°; internal sclerite in lateral aspect with

a narrow basal and a broad apical section, in dorsal

aspect with basal section Y-shaped and apical section composed of a broad plate narrowly divided

mesally. Female genitalia: Eighth sternite with posterolateral lobe large, dark fold slightly curved,

posterior margin rounded. Ninth tergum with an-
14 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURE 23.—Distribution of Smicridea varia (Banks).

terolateral margin a right-angled lobe, ventral margin nearly straight. Vagina with lateral and

anterior sclerotized band broad, central sclerite

and opening, usually borne nearly vertically; with

a small rectangular sclerite posteriad.

LARVA.—Length to 7 mm. Sclerites yellowish

brown; head with a distinct color pattern, with

distinct pale spot around seta base. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus with evenly spaced, rounded

lobes. Mandibles with inner and ventral margins

of molar tooth straight, meeting at right angle.

PUPA.—Length 5 mm. No distinction from S.

fasciatella found.

MATERIAL.—MEXICO: VERACRUZ: La Gloria

Cardel, January 1938, J. Carmelo G., 1 £ . Cuitlahuac, 10-12 August 1964, P. J. Spangler, many

£ 9 ; same, but 24-27 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz,

1 £ ; same, but 3 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 2^6? .

Puente Nacional, 23-24 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz,

1 £ 2 9 . Catemaco, 26 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

many £ 9 . El Encero, route 140, km 347, 22 July

1965, Flint and Ortiz, many £ $. 2 miles S. of

Acayucan, route 185, 10 July 1965, Campbell and

Hill, 7<$ 5 $ (INHS). Ri6 Tacolapan, route 180,

km 551, 25-26 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, $£.

DISTRITO FEDERAL: Lomas de Chapultepec, 19 July

1938, A. Dampf, 4£ (INHS). MORELOS: Xochitepec, 12-14 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 1 9 . Jojutla,

1 September 1937, A. Dampf, 2 £ (INHS). SINALOA:

Culiacan, 16 July 1963, P. J. Spangler, 5 £ 6 $ . 32

miles SSE of Culiacan, 16 June 1954, A. A. Alcorn,

2 £ 1 9 (UK). SONORA: Ciudad Obregon, 17 July

1955, Flint and Pacheco, 4 £ . Navajoa, 14 July

1963, P. J. Spangler, I £ 12 9 - OAXACA: Tehuantepec, 23 July 1964, P. J. Spangler, 9^4$ . Puente

Tlacotepec, S of Tehuantepec, 8 June 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, many £ 9 ; same, but 8-9 June 1967,

many £ 9 . Puerto Angel, 31 July 1965, A. B. Lau,

1 £ . Tuxtepec, April 1938, J. Carmelo G., 1 £.

Laguna Superior de Juchitan, 30 April 1932, A.

Dampf, 4 £ (INHS). CHIAPAS: 7.8 miles E of Pichucalco, 27-28 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, many £ 9 •

Puente Arroyo Viejo, route 200, km 141, 9 June

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 £. Arriaga, 22 August

1965, P. J. Spangler, many £ 9 . Salto de Agua,

28 April 1938, A. Dampf, 1 £ (INHS). Santa Lucia,

29 July 1926, A. Dampf, 1 £ (INHS). Tonala, 3

November 1932, A. Dampf, 7 £ ; same, but 2 No-
NUMBER 167 15

vember 1932, many $ ; same, but 27 November

1932, many $ (INHS). Acapatehua, 7 November

1932, A. Dampf, many $ (INHS). Suchiate, 16

November 1932, A. Dampf, 3 $ (INHS). Huehuetan, 9 November 1932, A. Dampf, 5$ (INHS).

Ocosingo Valley, Rio Santa Cruz, Finca El Real,

I July 1950, Goodnight and Stannard, 7 $ 32$

(INHS). Ocosingo Valley, Finca Monte Libano, 4

July 1950, Goodnight and Stannard, 11 $ 12$

(INHS). Chiapa de Corzo, 26 July 1926, A. Dampf,

23$ (INHS). Mapastepec, 5 November 1932, A.

Dampf, many $ (INHS). Near Pijijiapan, 5 July

1965, P. J. Spangler, many $ $. TABASCO: Rio

Puyacatengo, E of Teapa, 28-29 July 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, many $ $ . Pocvicuc, 1 January 1939, A.

Dampf, many $ $ ; same, but 31 December 1938,

many $ (INHS). Villahermosa, 13 August 1937,

A. Dampf, 11 $ (INHS); same, but October 1954,

N.L.H. Krauss, 7 $ . Tiradero, 6 January 1939, A.

Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). Las Mercedes, 25 June 1938,

A. Dampf, 7 ,$ 5 $ (INHS). Frontera, 11 November 1937, A. Dampf, 6 $ (INHS). CAMPECHE: Salto

Grande, 11 January 1939, A. Dampf, 5 $ (INHS).

GUATEMALA: RETALHULEU: Puento El Nino,

near Retalhuleu, 16 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

3 $ 1 $. SUCHITEPEQUEZ: Puento Ixtacapa, near

San Antonio, 18-19 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

many $ $ . Rio Sis, 22 km S of Finca La Maquina,

II June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, many $ $. Finca

Moca, 12 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2$.

ESCUINTLA: Escuintla, 10 August 1965, P. J. Spangler, 1$. Tequisati, 4-12 May 1929, G. Heinrich,

1 $ . JUTIAPA: Laguna Nisguaya, 4 August 1965,

P. J. Spangler, 1 <$ . QUICHE: Chejel, June, Schaus

and Barnes, 1 $ . EL PROGRESSO: San Augustin

Acasaguastlan, 11-21 August 1965, Flint and Ortiz,

many $ $. IZABAL: Limones, route CA9, km 282,

16-18 August 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 3 $ . Quirigua,

February 1915, W. Schaus, 1 $ 1 $ . Cayuga, April

1915, W. Schaus, 3^2$ ; same, but May 1915, 1 $ ;

same, but August 1915 1 $ . SANTA ROSA: 7.7 miles

SE of Cuilapa, 7 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 4 $ .

GUATEMALA: 10 miles S of Guatemala City, 5 August 1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 <$ 2 $ .

EL SALVADOR: LA LIBERTAD: Rid El Taquio,

N of La Libertad, 3 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

1 «$. Quezaltepeque, 11 February 1965, S. S. and

W. D. Duckworth, 1 $ .

HONDURAS: VALLE: Nacaome, 4 August 1967,

O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ $, larvae, <$ pupae; same,

but 9 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 5$ 16$. CHOLUTECA: Pespire, 1 August 1967, O. S. Flint, many

<j $ . COMAYAGUA: Rancho Chiquito, SE of Flores,

2-3 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ . Ri6 Humuya,

NW of Comayagua, 3 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr.

many $ $ . ATLANTIDA: La Ceiba, 21 June 1949,

E. C. Becker, 2 $ (INHS); same, but 14 July 1949,

2$ 3$ ; same, but 19-21 July 1949, 6 s 8$ .

YORO: 12 km W of Olanchito, May 1949, E. C.

Becker, 1 $ 1 $ (INHS); same, but 24-25 May

1949, 2 $ ; same, but 22 June 1949, 3 $ 1 $ ; same,

but 5-7 July 1949, 3 $ .

NICARAGUA: NUEVA SEGOVIA: Ri6 Coco,

Ocotal, 31 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ $.

MATAGALPA: 5.3 miles E of Matagalpa, 30 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $. CHONTALES: Puente

Quinama, E of Villa Somoza, 29 July 1967, O. S.

Flint, Jr., many $ $ . RIVAS: 16 miles S of Rivas,

12 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 5 $ .

COSTA RICA: GUANACASTE: 10 miles NW of

Liberia, 25 July 1967, P. J. Spangler, many $ $.

Rio Corobici, Las Canas, 26 July 1967, O. S. Flint,

Jr., many <$ $. Quebrada Tronadorcita, near

Arenal, 24 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ . 1.5 miles

S of Potrerillos, 27 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 <$

2 $ . ALAJUELA: Turnicares, 1 «$ holotype (MCZ).

PUNTARENAS: Ri6 Seco, NW of Esparta, 23 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ $. 2.8 miles E of

Golfito, 3-4 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 3 «$ ; same,

but 18-19 July 1967, 1 S . Palmar Sur, August 1962,

F. S. Blanton, 1 $ 1 $. CARTAGO: Ri6 Reventazon,

Hamburg Farm, Nevermann, 4 (Vienna Museum).

PANAMA: CHIRIQUI: Dolega, 17 July 1967, O. S.

Flint, Jr., many $ $ . COLON: Portobelo, 18 February 1911, A. Busck, 1 <j. CANAL ZONE: Paraiso,

February 1911, A. Busck, 1 $ . Tabernilla, A. Busck,

U I? -

BIOLOGY.—Adults of this species are freely attracted to lights. The one collection of larvae and

metamorphotypes was made in a shallow river

10-20 meters wide. They were found on rocks in

a shallow riffle in full sun. Adult collections tend

to indicate a rather wide habitat range for the

species in rivers and streams. Most waters in which

they have been found are of rather low gradient,

with shallow riffle areas, often in full sun.
16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

3. Smicridea (S.) bivittata (Hagen)

FIGURES 20, 24, 52-55, 74-75, 218, 222-223

Hydropsyche bivittata Hagen 1861:291.—Ross 1952:33.

Smicridea bivittata (Hagen).—Ulmer, 1913:390.—Fischer,

1963:131; 1972:144—Flint, 1967:13.

Wormaldia albata Navas, 1924:75.—Fischer, 1961:32 [new

synonymy].

Within the fasciatella group, this is the only

species with bivittate forewings. In the male sex

the angulate and bifurcate apex of the apical

clasper segment is unique. The female genitalia

are less easily characterized. However, the shape

of the ninth tergum, especially the ventral margin

and appearance of the sclerites of the vagina permit a definitive identification.

I have cleared and studied the holotype female

of W. albata Navas located in the Paris Museum.

It is a typical example of this species.

The larvae are most similar to those of S. fasciatella. They may be recognized by the slightly

asymmetrical anterior margin of the frontoclypeus,

and especially by the shape of the left mandible

whose molar tooth is bilobate. The pupae, however, offer no clearcut distinctions.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5-5.5 mm. Color

black, legs pale, head with white hair anteromesally; forewing black, with two distinct, transverse, white bands, apical fringe white (Figure

20). Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior

margin vertical. Tenth tergite constricted subapically, tip produced into a small dorsal point in

lateral aspect; in dorsal aspect obliquely truncate,

produced laterad. Clasper with basal segment long,

nearly parallel-sided; apical segment in dorsal aspect enlarged subapically and angled mesad, tip

shallowly bifid. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and

apical sections meeting at an angle of about 150°;

internal sclerite in lateral aspect long and slender,

enlarged apicad, in dorsal aspect with basal section

divided for a short distance and apex bearing 2

small ovoid plates. Female genitalia: Eighth

sternite with posterolateral lobe large, dark fold

distinctly sinuate; posterior margin produced into

an angled lobe at midlength. Ninth tergum with

dorsolateral margin produced into a small, angled

lobe, ventral margin shallowly emarginate. Vagina

with lateral and posterior support broad, central

sclerite and opening borne nearly vertical.

I IS

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FIGURE 24.—Distribution of Smicridea bivittata (Hagen).
NUMBER 167 17

LARVA.—Length to 8 mm. Sclerites generally pale

yellowish, head darker centrally. Anterior margin

of frontoclypeus with numerous small, rounded

lobes, slightly enlarged on right side. Left mandible with molar tooth bilobate, right mandible

with molar tooth rounded and enlarged ventrad.

PUPA.—Length 5 mm. No distinct differences

from 5. fasciatella.

MATERIAL.—MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: Huichihuayan, 4 June 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ ; same,

but 26 June 1965, larvae, prepupae, 1 $ pupa.

VERACRUZ: Cordoba, 28 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz,

1 $ ; same, but 6-9 November 1966, A. B. Lau,

2 s . Cuitlahuac, 10-12 August 1964, P. J. Spangler,

3^ 4$ ; same, but 24-27 July 1965, Flint and

Ortiz, 1 $ . Route 140, km 347, near El Encero,

22 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, many $ 9 . Near

Huatusco, 25-26 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 1 9.

Puente Nacional, 23-24 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz,

1 $ . TABASCO: Reforma, 4 January 1939, A. Dampf,

5 $ (INHS). CHIAPAS: 7.8 miles E of Pichucalco,

27-28 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ . Finca Victoria, 2 June 1935, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). Finca

Vergel, 21 May 1935, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS); same,

but 7 June 1935, 1 $ ; same, but 12 June 1935, 1 $ .

Mapastepec, 5 November 1932, A. Dampf, 6 $

(INHS). Puente Arroyo Viejo, route 200, km 141,

9 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1$ 4$ .

GUATEMALA: RETALHULEU: Puente El Nino,

near Retalhuleu, 16 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

1 $. SUCHITEPEQUEZ: Cuyotenango, 10-20 June

1966, Flint and Ortiz, many $ 9. Finca Modi, 12

June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ 1 $ ; same, but 11

June 1967, 1 9 . Puente Ixtacapa, near San Antonio,

18-19 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, I9 . IZABAL:

Limones, route CA9, km 282, 16-18 August 1965,

Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ .

EL SALVADOR: LA LIBERTAD: Santa Tecla,

900 m, 2-13 May 1969, S. Steinhauser, 1 $ . Ri6

Majagual, near La Libertad, 1 July 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, 1 9 . Ri6 El Taquio, N of La Libertad,

3 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $.

NICARAGUA: CHONTALES: Puente Quinama, E

of Villa Somoza, 29 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 3 $ .

COSTA RICA: GUANACASTE: Quebrada Tronadorcita, near Arenal, 24 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr.,

1 $ . SAN JOSE: Pacuare, Ri6 General, 1 July 1967,

Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ 5 9. PUNTARENAS: Ri6 Vieja,

near Lagarto, 2-3 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, many

3 9 . Palma Sur, August 1962, F. S. Blanton, 1 $

1 9. CARTACO: Chitaria, 19 June 1967, Flint and

Ortiz, 1 $ . La Suiza, 17 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

1 $ . HEREDIA?: La Caja, 1920, Paul Serre, 1 9 holotype Wormaldia albata Navas (MNHN).

PANAMA: No further data, 1 9 holotype

(MCZ). CHIRIQUI: Ri6 Caimito, 10 miles N of

David, 4 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 3 4 39-

COCLE: El Valle, 15 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ .

PANAMA: Cerro Azul, 7 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

many $ 9 . CANAL ZONE: Pipeline Road, Ri6 Frijoles, 6-7 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 9 - Madden

Dam, 10-13 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., many $ 9 •

Barro Colorado Island, 18-28 April 1964, W. D.

and S. S. Duckworth, 1 9 ; same, but 1-9 May 1964,

1 $ 1 9 ; same, but 10-17 May 1964, 1 9 ; same, but

12 March 1967, M. E. Irwin, many $ 9 (UCR).

BIOLOGY.—Adults of this species are commonly

attracted to lights at night. The one collection

of larvae and pupae was made in a small stream

in a rather open woods. Adults, however, have

been taken near flowing waters up to 5 meters or

more in width. Although this species appears frequently with S. varia, it appears that the probable

breeding sites are at the larger, warmer end of

the tolerance range of S. bivittata, and the smaller,

cooler end of the tolerance range of S. varia.

4. Smicridea (S.) unicolor (Banks)

FIGURES 25, 56-59

Dipleclrona umcolor Banks, 1901:370.—Fischer, 1963:150.

Smicridea unicolor (Banks).—Ross, 1947:144.—Flint, 1967:

15 Fischer, 1972:145.

This is a very distinctive species of the fasciatella

group. It is unique within the regional species of

the genus in having unicolorous, fuscous wings.

The shapes of the tenth tergite and apical segment of the clasper also offer distinctive features.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 6 mm. Color

fuscous, legs paler basally; without a color pattern

on wings. Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior margin slightly rounded. Tenth tergite in

lateral aspect very broad basally, tapering rapidly

to a small protuberant apex; in dorsal aspect short,

broad basally, with apex evenly rounded from

lateral margin. Clasper with basal segment long,

parallel-sided; apical segment tapering to a point

in lateral aspect, in dorsal aspect with tip broadly

rounded. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical
18 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURE 25.—Distribution of Smicridea unicolor (Banks) and S. breviuncata, new species.

sections meeting at an angle of about 145°; internal

sclerite long and slender in lateral aspect, in dorsal

with base shallowly divided, apex with lateral,

angulate sclerites. Female genitalia: Unknown.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—MEXICO: MORELOS: Cuernavaca,

June, $ holotype (MCZ), 1 $ . VERACRUZ: 1.6 miles

N of Coscomatepec, 22 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

1 $ . MICHOACAN: 2 miles W of Ciudad Hidalgo,

19 July 1955, R. B. and J. M. Selander, 1 $ (INHS).

BIOLOGY.—The only specimen of this species that

I have collected was beaten from foliage beside a

small brooklet overgrown with bushes and brambles.

5. Smicridea (S.) breviuncata, new species

FICURES 25, 60-63, 76-77

This is a very distinctive new species that belongs to the fasciatella group, but differs greatly

from all other described species. The very short

and inflated basal segment of the claspers, and the

broad (in dorsal aspect) tenth tergite are distinctive as is the bispinous apex of the aedeagus. The

very deep, rounded incision in the ventral margin

of the ninth tergum of the female is equally distinctive.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5-6 mm. Color

fuscous, legs paler basally, head with white hair

anteromesally; forewing fuscous with 2 transverse

white bands (cf. Figure 20). Male genitalia: Ninth

segment narrow laterally, with anterior margin

nearly vertical. Tenth tergite narrow and short in

lateral aspect, with a small apical point; in dorsal

aspect very broad, rounded apically. Clasper with

basal segment very short and broad, with a mesal

patch of peglike setae apically; apical segment with

tip slightly hooked. Aedeagus tubular, with basal

and apical sections meeting at an angle of about

115°; apex with a pair of slender, projecting rods.

Female genitalia: Eighth sternite with posterolateral lobe broad, dark fold strongly curved, and

posterior margin developed into a small lobe.

Ninth tergum with anterolateral lobe rounded,

ventral margin with a deep, rounded, indentation.

Vagina with lateral and anterior support broad,

central sclerite and opening usually borne nearly

vertically.
NUMBER 167 19

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: COSTA RICA, CARTAGO, Turrialba, 1-6 March 1965, S. S. and W. D.

Duckworth. USNM Type 72694. Paratypes: La

Suiza, 17 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ . Chitaria,

19 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $. PUNTARENAS:

2.8 miles E of Golfito, 3-4 July 1967, Flint and

Ortiz, 6$ 1 9 .

PANAMA: PANAMA: Cerro Campana, July 1967,

Wirth and Blanton, 2 $ .

BIOLOGY.—This species usually has been taken

at lights, operated near small, tumbling, mountain

brooklets in which the larvae probably occur.

6. Smicridea (S.) caldwelli Ross

FIGURES 26, 78-81, 110-111

Smicridea caldwelli Ross, 1947:145.—Fischer, 1972:144.

This species appears to be most closely related

to S. dampfi, new species, on the basis of general

structure of the male genitalia. They are easily

distinguished by the aedeagus which in S. caldwelli

bears only a single lateral process, but bears 2

processes in S. dampfi.

The female of 5. caldwelli is easily recognized

by the form of the vaginal sclerites: in no other

species is the inner margin of the lateral supports

so strongly crenulate.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4-5.5 mm. Color

black, legs paler basally, head with white hair anteromesally; forewing with 2 transverse white bands

(cf. Figure 20). Male genitalia: Ninth segment with

anterior margin produced into a right-angled lobe.

Tenth tergite narrow and upturned in lateral aspect, tip produced into a dorsally directed point;

in dorsal aspect broad basally, evenly rounded

apically and laterally. Clasper with basal segment

long and slender, slightly inflated apically; apical

segment produced into a pointed apex in dorsal

aspect. Aedeagus enlarged basally, open apically;

apex with ventral lobe truncate mesally, lateral

margin bearing an elongate pointed process; with

2 long, slightly curved mesal spines; with a tubular

dorsomesal structure. Female genitalia: Ninth tergum greatly produced anterolaterally. Vagina with

FIGURE 26.—Distribution of Smicridea caldwelli Ross, S. dampfi, new species, and

5. nahuatl, new species.
20

central sclerite ovoid, with a circular opening;

lateral support V-shaped, inner margin strongly

crenulate, with sclerotized folds posteriorly.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—MEXICO: VERACRUZ: Fortin, 9 October 1941, DeLong, Goodnight and Caldwell,

holotype $ (INHS). SAN LUIS POTOSI: Rancho

Quemado (4 miles S of Tamazunchale), route 85,

km 353, 27 June 1965, O. S. Flint, Jr., 3 $ 1 9 ;

same, but 4-6 August 1966, 3 $. Tierra Blanca,

route 85, km 348, 5 August 1966, O. S. Flint, Jr.,

is.

BIOLOGY.—Adults have been taken at ultraviolet

lights and by sweeping. Both of my collection sites

were at small, tumbling mountain brooklets.

7. Smicridea (5.) dampfi, new species

FIGURES 26, 82-85

Although the presence of two processes laterally

from the aedeagus would suggest that the species

is related to S. ulva, new species, the general form

of the remainder of the aedeagus, especially the

lack of a small middorsal process, suggests that it

is most closely related to S. caldwelli Ross. The

shape of the aedeagus will readily serve to distinguish the two species.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color in

alcohol uniformly brown. Male genitalia: Ninth

segment with anterior margin produced into a

rounded lobe. Tenth tergite narrow and upturned

in lateral aspect, tip produced into a dorsally directed point; in dorsal aspect broad basally, evenly

rounded apically. Clasper with basal segment long

and slender, slightly inflated apicad; apical segment produced into an apical point in dorsal

aspect. Aedeagus enlarged basally, open apically;

apical region angled sharply ventrad, with 2 pairs

of apicolateral processes, dorsalmost hooked mesad

in ventral aspect, ventralmost filiform; with a pair

of long, slightly sinuate spines arising internally;

with a central tubular structure lightly sclerotized

basally. Female genitalia: Unknown.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, CHIAPAS, Finca Vergel, 2 June 1935, A. Dampf, MF

4398, at light (INHS).

BIOLOGY.—Beyond the fact that the specimen

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

was taken at a light, nothing is known of its

biology.

8. Smicridea (5.) nahuatl, new species

FICURES 26, 86-89, 112-113

Smicridea nahuatl, new species, and S. cholta,

new species, form a closely related pair. They

differ in the form of the two lateral processes of

the lateral plate and in the shape of the internal

spine of the aedeagus. In S. nahuatl the ventral

process extends farther to the posterior than the

dorsal, and the internal spine is short with a small

dorsal tooth.

The sclerites of the vagina, especially the large,

convoluted folds capping the lateral supports are

very distinctive.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color

black, legs paler basally, head with white hair anteromesally; forewing with 2 transverse white

bands, apical fringe white (cf. Figure 20). Male

genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior margin expanded into an angulate lobe. Tenth tergite in

lateral aspect short, with apex produced into a

small, rounded, upturned lobe; in dorsal aspect

with lateral margin expanded basally, tip angulate.

Clasper with basal segment long, slightly expanded

apicad; apical segment with tip produced into a

point in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus enlarged basally,

open apically; apex with ventral lobe divided

mesally, developed into broad lateral plates bearing laterally directed points apicoventrally and dorsally, ventral point considerably prolonged beyond

dorsal point; with a pair of short central spines

bearing a dorsal point; with a membranous central

region, and a slender membranous dorsal process.

Female genitalia: Ninth tergum produced anterolaterally. Vagina with central sclerite elongateovoid, with central opening circular; lateral supports V-shaped, with smooth outline, with a complex series of sclerotized folds posteriad of each

arm.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, VERACRUZ, Puente Nacional, 23-24 July 1965, Flint and

Ortiz. USNM Type 72695. Para types: Same data,

1 $. Cuitlahuac, 3 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 $ .

CHIAPAS: 7.8 miles E of Pichucalco, 27-28 July

1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2 <$. TABASCO: Ri6 Puyaca-
NUMBER 167 21

tengo, E of Teapa, 28-29 July 1966, Flint and

Ortiz, 1 $ .

BIOLOGY.—Adults were collected at an ultraviolet light. The adjacent streams were 3-5 meters

wide by a quarter to half meter deep. The substrate was mostly gravel and small boulders in

long riffles.

9. Smicridea (S.) cholta, new species

FIGURES 27, 90-93, 116-117

From S. nahuatl, new species, this species is to

be distinguished by the structure of the aedeagus.

The dorsal and ventral processes of the lateral

plate of the aedeagus are almost directly over one

another and the internal spine is long and slender,

with the tip sharply angled dorsad in S. cholta.

The female is to be recognized by the structure

of the sclerites of the vagina. The outline of the

lateral supports are uniform and rather simple,

without heavily sclerotized folds capping the arms,

but with several lightly sclerotized structures in

the membrane posteriad.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color

black, legs paler basally, head with white hair anteromesally; forewing with 2 transverse white

bands, with white apical fringe (cf. Figure 20).

Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior margin greatly expanded into a rounded lobe. Tenth

tergite in lateral aspect narrow, with an upturned

tip; in dorsal aspect with lateral margin expanded

basally, tip broadly rounded. Clasper with basal

segment long, slightly expanded apically; apical

segment with tip produced into a point in dorsal

aspect. Aedeagus enlarged basally, open apically;

apex with ventral lobe divided mesally, developed

as broad lateral plates, bearing laterally directed

points apicoventrally and apicodorsally; with a

pair of long, slender, mesal spines angled dorsad

at tips; with a membranous central region, and

a slender membranous dorsomesal process. Female

genitalia: Ninth tergum produced anterolaterally.

Vagina with central sclerite slightly elongate with

mesal opening circular; lateral supports in form

of a truncate V, outline smooth, with several lightly

sclerotized structures posteriad.

FIGURE 27.—Distribution of Smicridea cholta, new species, S. turrialbana, new species, and

S. calopa, new species.
22 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: GUATEMALA,

IZABAL, Matias de Galvez, 14-16 August 1965, Flint,

Spangler, and Ortiz. USNM Type 72696. Paratypes: Same data, 15 $ 3 9-

BIOLOGY.—I have only taken this species at an

ultraviolet light on one occasion, the adjacent

stream being 3-5 meters wide by a quarter to a half

meter deep, and flowing rapidly over falls, cascades,

and pools. Although the stream fluctuates with

heavy rains, it remains surprisingly clear, and is

probably mostly spring fed.

10. Smicridea (S.) turrialbana, new species

FIGURES 27, 94-97, 114

Smicridea turrialbana, new species, appears to

be most closely related to the following species,

S. calopa, new species, as both possess only a single

ventrolateral process from the aedeagus. The sharply angulate ventrolateral process which lacks the

small lateral teeth is distinctive in S. turrialbana.

The rather smooth lateral supports of the vagina

with apical caps permit easy recognition of the

female sex.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5-5 mm. Color

black, legs paler basally, head with white hair

anteromesally; forewing with 2 transverse white

bands, apical band not reaching posterior margin,

apical fringe white (cf. Figure 20). Male genitalia:

Ninth segment with anterior margin produced into

a rounded lobe. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect

short, rather broad, with dorsal subapical point;

in dorsal aspect expanded laterad, apex rounded.

Clasper with basal segment long, slender, expanded

apicad; apical segment in dorsal aspect with tip

produced into a point. Aedeagus enlarged basally,

open apically; apex with ventral lobe produced

into a pair of processes hooked sharply laterad,

lateral plate nearly vertical; with 2 pairs of curved

internal spines, and a dorsomesal rodlike process.

Female genitalia: Ninth tergum produced anterolaterally. Vagina with central sclerite shield-shaped

with central opening slightly elongate; lateral supports U-shaped with smooth outline, apex enlarged

and capped by a hoodlike fold.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: COSTA RICA,

CARTAGO, 3 miles W of Turrialba, 18-21 June 1967,

Flint and Ortiz. USNM Type 72697. Paratypes:

Same data, 3 $ 1 9 .

BIOLOGY.—The adults were collected at an ultraviolet light placed adjacent to a small stream where

it tumbles over several small falls.

11. Smicridea (S.) calopa, new species

FIGURES 27, 98-101, 118-119

This species is probably most closely related to

the preceding species, S. turrialbana, new species.

It is easily recognized by the rather simple ventrolateral processes of the aedeagus which bear a

number of small teeth.

The female vagina presents certain diagnostic

characters, most noticeably the rather complex

hooklike folds capping the apex and the anteromesal excision of the lateral supports.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color in

alcohol brown; mostly denuded but indications

are compatible with typical pattern (cf. Figure

20). Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior

margin produced into a broad shallow lobe. Tenth

tergite in lateral aspect narrow, elongate, tip produced into a dorsal point; in dorsal aspect with

lateral margin slightly produced basad, apex

pointed. Clasper with basal segment long, slightly

inflated subapically; apical segment with tip produced into a point. Aedeagus enlarged basally,

open apically; apicoventrally produced into a pair

of elongate, rather irregular processes bearing a

number of lateral points; with a pair of internal

spines; middorsally with a membranous appendage.

Female genitalia: Ninth segment produced anterolaterally. Vagina with central sclerite shield-shaped

with a heart-shaped opening; lateral supports

V-shaped, inner margin with a deep excision anteromesally, margins smooth, apex of each arm

produced into a hooked lobe and a complex of

sclerotized folds.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, VERACRUZ, Rio Tacolopan, route 180, km 551, 25-26

July 1966, Flint and Ortiz. USNM Type 72698.

Paratypes: Same data, 2 $ 1 9 .

BIOLOGY.—The adults were attracted to an ultraviolet light placed beside a clear, gravel-bottomed,

spring-fed stream, 1-2 meters wide.
NUMBER 167 23

12. Smicridea (S.) ulva, new species

FIGURES 28, 102-105

Related to the following species, S. ulva, new

species, is distinguished by the more elongate

processes of the lateral plate and especially by the

slender, tubular central process of the aedeagus.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color

black, legs paler basally, head with white hair anteromesally; forewing with 2 transverse white

bands, apical fringe white (cf. Figure 20). Male

genitalia: Ninth segment slightly expanded anterolaterally. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect narrow,

with an angulate, upturned tip; in dorsal aspect

with lateral margin expanded basally, apex angulate. Clasper with basal segment long, expanded

apically; apical segment in dorsal aspect with tip

produced into a point. Aedeagus enlarged basally,

open apically; apex with ventral lobe produced as

a pair of very long, contiguous processes mesally,

and a long, slender, pointed process laterally; with

a pair of long, slender central spines; with a tubular central process and a small dorsal process.

Female genitalia: Unknown.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: NICARAGUA,

CHONTALES, Puente Quinama, E of Villa Somoza,

29 July 1967, O. C. Flint, Jr. USNM Type 72699.

Paratype: MATAGALPA, 5.3 miles E of Matagalpa,

30 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ .

BIOLOGY.—Both specimens were taken at an

ultraviolet light. The Matagalpa locality was adjacent to a small tumbling mountain brooklet,

while the Puente Quinama locality was in the

vicinity of several streams. The main stream is a

large, turbulent river, 10-15 meters wide by a half

to a meter deep, but there were several small

streams nearby which could equally well have been

the source of the type.

13. Smicridea (S.) cuna, new species

FIGURES 28, 106-109, 115

This Panamanian species is clearly related to

S. ulva, new species, but is easily recognized by the

structure of the aedeagus. The processes of the

lateral plate are proportionately shorter and difFIGURE 28.—Distribution of Smicridea ulva, new species, S. cuna, new species, and

S. tarasca, new species.
24

ferently shaped, and the central tubular structure

is lacking in 5. cuna.

The large, strongly sclerotized folds completely

closing the posterior of the vagina are extremely

distinctive.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color

black, head with white hair anteriorly; forewing

with 2 transverse white bands, apical fringe white

(cf. Figure 20). Male genitalia: Ninth segment with

anterior margin broadly rounded. Tenth tergite in

lateral aspect elongate, narrow, tip produced

dorsad; in dorsal aspect produced laterad basally,

tip broadly rounded. Clasper with basal segment

long, inflated apically; apical segment in dorsal

aspect with tip produced into a point. Aedeagus

enlarged basally, open apically; lateral plate produced into 2 long rods, ventralmost with tip angled

laterad; internally with a pair of long spines, dorsally with a mesal appendage. Female genitalia:

Ninth segment produced anterolaterally. Vagina

with central sclerite shield-shaped, with a round

opening; lateral supports V-shaped, somewhat irregular in outline; with posterior area completely

filled by convoluted, heavily sclerotized folds.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: PANAMA, CANAL

ZONE, Barro Colorado Island, Shannon Creek, 10

July 1967, W. W. Wirth, malaise trap. USNM

Type 72700. Paratypes: Same data, 1 $ ; same, but

12 March 1967, M. E. Irwin, many $ 9 (UCR);

same, but 22-28 March 1924, Cornell University,

\S (CU). PANAMA: Alhajuelo, 6 April 1911, A.

Busck, la . COLON: Portobelo, 18 February 1911,

A. Busck, 5 <J 1 9 .

BIOLOGY.—The specimens taken by Dr. Wirth

were found in a malaise trap placed across Shannon Creek. At this point the creek is barely a foot

wide and arises from many small springs and seeps.

14. Smicridea (S.) matagalpa, new species

FIGURES 29, 12O-12S, 136

This species is rather widely distributed over

the southern half of Central America. It does not

show any obvious relationships to the other regional species of the nigripennis group, nor to any

known South American species. The paired, decumbent, dorsal processes of the aedeagus, simple

divergent ventral processes with small basolateral

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

teeth, and paired central rods are very distinctive.

The broadly U-shaped lateral supports in the

vagina, with a series of sclerotized folds capping

each arm, produce a distinctive appearance to the

internal female genitalia.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5-5.5 mm. Color

black, legs paler basally, head with white hair anteriorly; forewing with 2 transverse white bands,

apical fringe white (rarely with white markings

lacking) (cf. Figure 20). Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior margin produced into a small,

narrow lobe. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect rather

short, tapering to a pointed and upturned apex;

in dorsal aspect very broad basally, tapering to a

small, narrowly produced apex. Clasper with basal

segment long, inflated apicad; apical segment in

dorsal aspect, with tip produced into a point.

Aedeagus enlarged basally, open apically; apex

with ventral lobe produced into a pair of slightly

divergent processes as seen in ventral aspect, each

process bearing laterally several small points; dorsolateral margins produced into decumbent pointed

lobes, with a pair of central membranous rods.

Female genitalia: Ninth segment produced anterolaterally. Vagina with central sclerite nearly

rectangular, with a round opening; lateral supports

parallel, with anterior margin transverse; with a

complex of sclerotized folds posteriad to each arm

and a central plate with reflexed lateral margins.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: NICARAGUA,

MATAGALPA, 5.3 miles E of Matagalpa, 30 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr. USNM Type 72701. Paratypes: Same data, 2 $ 6 9 .

HONDURAS: FRANCISCO MORAZAN: Tegucigalpa, 6 October 1917, F. J. Dyar, 1 9.

COSTA RICA: CARTAGO: La Suiza, 17 June

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 2 $ . Tuis, 18 June 1967,

Flint and Ortiz, 1 9 . Turrialba, 22-28 February

1965, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth, 2^. 3 miles W

of Turrialba, 18-21 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

1 <5 59 .

PANAMA: CHIRIQUI: Boquette, 16-17 July 1967,

O. S. Flint, Jr., 24 $ 28 9 . COCLE: El Valle, 15 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 4 $ 1 9 . CANAL ZONE: Pipeline Road, Rio Agua Salud, 8-12 July 1967, Flint

and Ortiz, 1 9 . Paraiso, 15 January 1911, A. Busck,

BIOLOGY.—All the adults that I have collected

were taken at an ultraviolet light. The adjacent
NUMBER 167 25

30

IS

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IS

IO

s

o

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-

—

• campana

• matagalpd

• pipild

I

IIO

•OS

1

r

1H»S

IOO »J

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i

IOO

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i

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)

i (V o *s to

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FIGURE 29.—Distribution of Smicridea campana, new species, 5. matagalpa, new species, and

S. pipila, new species.

streams were usually less than 5 meters wide and

tumbling rapidly over a bottom of boulders and

gravel.

15. Smicridea (S.) tarasca, new species

FIGURES 28, 124-127, 134-135

Although this species is probably most closely

related to the following, S. tarasca, new species,

appears to occupy a rather isolated taxonomic position in the subgenus. The long, dorsomesal,

tubular process of the aedeagus with its apicolateral earlike lobes is extremely distinctive.

The very simple, smooth, lateral supports in the

vagina produce a very distinctive appearance.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5-5 mm. Color

brownish black, legs paler basally, head with anteromesal hair slightly paler; forewing with 2 paler

crossbands, which are sometimes obsolete, fringe

dark. Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterior

margin developed into a broadly rounded lobe.

Tenth tergite narrow and rather short in lateral

aspect, with tip narrowed and rounded; in dorsal

aspect, broad basally, evenly rounded to apex, apex

barely produced. Clasper with basal segment long,

slightly inflated subapically; apical segment tapering to a rounded apex. Aedeagus with basal half

enlarged, open apically; apex with ventral lobe

entire, produced into a short, terete mesal lobe;

with 2 long, slightly curved central spines; with

a dorsal tubular structure ending in a pair of

lateral earlike lobes. Female genitalia: Ninth tergum produced anterolaterally. Vagina with central

sclerite pear-shaped with mesal opening elongate,

lateral supports parallel-sided, anterior margin

truncate, with several lightly sclerotized plates

posteriad.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, MiCHOACAN, San Lorenzo, route 15, km 206, 14-15

July 1966, Flint and Ortiz. USNM Type 72702.

Paratypes: Same data, A $ 1 $ . MORELOS: Cuernavaca, San Anton Falls, 13 July 1965, Flint and

Ortiz, 1 $.

BIOLOGY.—Adults were taken both by sweeping

overhanging foliage and at an ultraviolet light.
26 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

Both localities were at rather small (half meter

wide by a tenth meter deep), clear, spring-fed

rivulets.

16. Smicridea (S.) campana, new species

FIGURES 29, 128-131

This species is distantly related to the preceding

species, but shows great differences in the structure of the aedeagus. In S. campana this structure

is comparatively simple with 2 pairs of internal

spines and a small central structure.

The female of this species is unknown.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color

black, legs paler, head denuded; forewing with 2

transverse white bands, apical fringe white (cf.

Figure 20). Male genitalia: Ninth segment nearly

vertical anteriorly, then bent posteriad at right

angles dorsally. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect,

long and narrow, tip produced dorsad; in dorsal

aspect with lateral margin tapering evenly to apex

which is narrowly rounded. Clasper with basal

segment long, inflated apically; apical segment

with tip produced into a point in dorsal aspect.

Aedeagus enlarged basally, open apically; apex

with ventral lobe entire, produced into a terete

mesal rod; internally with a pair of long spines,

a pair of short spines, and a lightly sclerotized,

ringlike structure. Female genitalia: Unknown.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: PANAMA, PANAMA, Cerro Campana, July 1967, W. W. Wirth.

USNM Type 72703. Paratypes: Same data, 1 $ ;

same, but F. S. Blanton, light trap, 1 $ .

BIOLOGY.—The types were either swept at a

small, tumbling, mountain brook, or taken in a

light trap operated nearby.

17. Smicridea (S.) pipila, new species

FIGURES 29, 64-67, 132-133

This is another species which, beyond its obvious placement in the nigripennis group, does not

show any clear relationships. The very broad, truncate mesal lobe and unusual mesal structure of the

aedeagus are diagnostic. In the Mexican specimen

the aedeagus differs somewhat in being proportionately longer between the ventral attachment

near midlength and the commencement of the

dorsal complex, and in that the ventral, internal

spine is long and straight. The remainder of the

genitalia seem identical, however.

The general appearance of the sclerites of the

female vagina is totally different from that of any

other known species, and permits easy identification.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4 mm. Color in

alcohol, dark brown; with an indication of transverse pale bands on the forewing. Male genitalia:

Ninth segment with anterior margin developed

into a rounded lobe. Tenth tergite short in lateral

aspect, tapering from a broad base to a rounded

apex; in dorsal aspect with apex truncate, lateral

margin not produced. Clasper with basal segment

long, barely inflated apically; apical segment with

tip barely pointed in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus with

basal half enlarged, open apically; apex with ventral lobe entire, broadly scoop-shaped, truncate

apically; internally with a complex of structures,

including a hooked ventral spine, and a pair of

elongate, lightly sclerotized processes. Female genitalia: Ninth segment produced anterolaterally.

Vagina with several lobes anteriorly, central sclerite

thick with an elongate mesal opening, with lateral

caplike sclerites.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—-Holotype, male: GUATEMALA,

ESCUINTLA, Ri6 Metapa, 10 km SE of Escuintla,

275 m elevation, 5-6 March 1970, E. J. Fee. USNM

Type 72704. Paratype: Same data, 1 9. Other:

MEXICO (no further data), A. Dampf, MF 4643,

1$ (INHS).

BIOLOGY.—Nothing is known of the biology of

this species.

Subgenus Rhyacophylax Miiller

As outlined under the subgenus Smicridea, the

two subgenera are easily characterized in the adult

stage, but not in the immature stages. The manner

of separation of the veins R2 • 3 and R4 + 5 and

the proximity of the radiomedial system basally

to the cubital system in the hind wing are sufficient

for the recognition of the two subgenera. In addition the fifth abdominal sternum in Rhyacophylax

bears anterolateral filaments which are lacking in

Smicridea sensu stricto. The males of Rhyacophylax lack the two preapical spurs on the hind leg
'•»

V

34

s

4

37

FIGURES 30-37 Forewings: 30, Smicridea signata (Banks); 31, S. radula, new species; 32, 5.

arizonemis, new species; 33, S. salta, new species; 34, S. acuminata, new species, male; 35, female;

36, 5. zandophora, new species; 37, S. dispar (Banks).
28

rather than having the full complement of spurs

as in the nominate subgenus.

The species of the subgenus that occur in Mesoamerica may be placed into five groups, which are

not so sharply defined, however, as the two major

groups in Smicridea sensu stricto. The signata

group is defined by the possession of a fixed,

tongue-like process ventrally from the apex of the

aedeagus, and there is often a lobe with spines

from the ventrolateral margin of the tenth tergite.

This group contains S. signata (Banks), S. bifurcata, new species, S. salta, new species, S. inarmata,

new species, and S. arizonensis, new species. The

second group contains only S. radula, new species.

This species offers so many unique structures in the

aedeagus and tenth tergite that it is difficult to discern its relationships. The next two species, S. acuSMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

minata, new species, and S. talamanca, new species,

belong to the peruana group, which, like the magna

group, seems to be centered in South America.

These are large species, and the aedeagus often

bears asperites externally and a rather complex,

eversible internal complex. Smicridea zanclophora,

new species, is the only regional species that belongs to the magna group. This group is recognized by the lack of the apicoventral lobe on the

aedeagus and the possession of a pair of apicodorsal

lobes. The dispar group contains in addition to

S. dispar (Banks), S. dithyra, new species, and S.

veracruzensis, new species. In this group the

aedeagus is quite simple, without major lobes apically, and the forewings have a characteristic dark

coloration (Figure 37).

Key to Species, Subgenus Rhyacophylax*

1. Males 2

Females 13

2. Aedeagus bearing a fixed apicoventral, tonguelike lobe (Figures 139-140) 3

Aedeagus without such a lobe (Figures 160, 165) 7

3. Aedeagus laterally with serrate lobes, and with paired apicodorsal lobes (Figures 137-140) ....

18. S. signata (Banks)

Aedeagus lacking lateral and apicodorsal lobes (Figures 143-144) 4

4. Tenth tergite with a bifurcate lateral process, and apex with several small teeth (Figures

141-144) 19. S. bifurcata, new species

Tenth tergite either unarmed or with a single point, tip without teeth (Figures 145-153) ... 5

5. Tenth tergite with a single ventrolateral point, (Figures 153-156); size small (forewing

35 mm) 22. S. salta, new species

Tenth tergite without ventrolateral points (Figure 145); forewing at least 4.5 mm long 6

6. Apicoventral process of aedeagus two-thirds as wide in dorsal aspect as tip of stem, straight

in outline (Figures 149-152) 21. S. arizonensis, new species

Apicoventral process of aedeagus about one-fourth as wide as stem, sinuate in lateral aspect

(Figures 145-148) 20. S. inarmata, new species

7. Aedeagus with a pair of apicodorsal lobes, caliper-like in posteroventral aspect (Figures

170-173) 26. S. zanclophora, new species

Aedeagus without such lobes (Figures 164, 177) 8

8. Aedeagus with a broad, elongate apicodorsal lobe overhanging the venter which bears laterally a cluster of small teeth (Figures 162-165) 23. S. radula, new species

Aedeagus without such lobes (Figures 159, 177) 9

9. Aedeagus simple, at most with a pair of internal apicolateral plates (Figures 177, 181,

185) 10

Aedeagus more complex, with lateral asperites or apical processes, and with an internal

complex (Figures 159, 168) 12

10. Aedeagus with stem long, arched, with axis at right angles to basal opening (Figures 174-

177) 29. S. veracruzensis, new species

Aedeagus shorter, with axis at about 120° to base (Figures 181, 185) 11

Aedeagus apically with distinct, eversible, ventrolateral plates (Figures 182-186)

28. S. dithyra, new species

Aedeagus with dark apicolateral structures, apparently not eversible (Figures 178-181)

27. S. dispar (Banks)

• Female of S. inarmata unknown.

11
NUMBER 167 29

12. Ninth sternum with a pointed, triangular process between bases of claspers (Figures 157—

161) 24. S. acuminata, new species

Ninth sternum without posterior process (Figures 166-169)

25. S. talamanca, new species

13. Vaginal sclerites consisting of an anterior transverse bar, with a central pore (Figures 203,

210-214) 14

Vaginal sclerites consisting of an anterior, transverse bar, with either a pair of large, lightly

sclerotized plates or a U-shaped sclerite posteriorly (Figures 187-202, 205-208) 17

14. Internal plate with lateral arms parallel, anterior bridge narrow and transverse (Figures

203-204) 26. S. xanclophora, new species

Internal plate with lateral arms V- or U-shaped, anterior bridge obsolescent (Figures 209-

214) 15

15. Anterior bar of vagina with central pore complexly sclerotized; internal plate broad anteriorly, U-shaped (Figures 213-214) 29. S. veracruzemis, new species

Anterior bar with central pore simple; internal plate narrow, V-shaped (Figures 209-

212) 16

16. Internal plate with a pair of small knobs anteromesally; anterior bar with ends directed

primarily laterad (Figures 211-212) 28. S. dithyra, new species

Internal plate without knobs; anterior bar with apices directed primarily posteriad (Figures

209-210) 27. S. dispar (Banks)

17. Vagina with a heavily sclerotized U-shaped sclerite posteriad of anterior bar (Figures 205-

208) 18

Vagina with a pair of lightly sclerotized plates posteriad of anterior bar (Figures 187—

202) 19

18. Internal plate with anterior bridge broad, with a small, dark anteromesal tab (Figures

205-206) 24. S. acuminata, new species

Internal plate with anterior bridge narrow, bearing a large anteriorly directed plate

(Figures 207-208) 25. S. talamanca, new species

19. Dorsal bridge of ninth tergura short, in dorsal aspect with lateral margins expanded,

shoulder-like; posterior plates of vagina sharply angled at midlength (Figures 199-202) ....

23. S. radula, new species

Not with above combination of characters (Figures 187-198) 20

20. Internal plate narrow, Y-shaped in posterodorsal aspect (Figures 193-195)

22. S. salta, new species

Internal plate with anterior bridge broad, sometimes with an anteromesal appendage (Figures 188, 191, 198) 21

21. Posterior vaginal sclerites small; internal plate with a broad anterior bridge (Figures 196-

198) 21. S. arizonensU, new species

Vaginal sclerites long and broad, sometimes with a faint indication of anteromesal connection; internal plate with anterior bridge bearing a tonguelike appendage (Figures

187-192) 22

22. Internal plate with anterior bridge and appendage narrower, more V-shaped; dorsal bridge

of ninth segment about one-third length of segment (Figures 190-192)

19. S. bifurcata, new species

Internal plate with anterior bridge and appendage broader, generally U-shaped; dorsal

bridge of ninth segment nearly two-thirds length of segment (Figures 187-189)

18. S. signata (Banks)

18. Smicridea (R.) signata (Banks) This is probably the most frequently encountered species of the genus in Mesoamerica, and is

FIGURES 8, 30, 38, 137-140, 187-189, 219, 226-227 als Q ofte n extremel y ab undant. The males are

Peiiopsyche signata Banks, l903a:243.

 easiI

y ^cognize d by the presence of a lateral serRhyacophylax signatus (Banks) .-Ulmer, 1907b:176; 1913:

 rat e

 P roces s an d a P a i r o f apicodorsal lobes on the

391.—Milne, 1936:72-73—Fischer, 1963:137; 1972:145. aedeagus. There is considerable variation in the deSmicridea signata (Banks). Ross, 1947:145. gree to which the serrate process of the aedeagus and
30

the ventral lobe of the tenth tergite are developed.

However, these lobes are present, in some degree,

in all the males here identified as S. signata. It is

possible that S. bifida, new species, and S. inarmata,

new species, are individuals or populations in

which these structures are lost. In the case of S.

bifida, at least, this seems unlikely as it is generally

sympatric with S. signata.

The female genitalia are less distinctive than

those of the male, although generally sufficient for

identification. The dorsal bridge of the ninth segment in lateral aspect is proportionately much

longer than in the closely related S. bifurcata and

the anterior bridge of the internal plate is broad

and often hoodlike.

The anterior margin of the larval frontoclypeus

is very distinctive. The three or four lobes on each

side are unlike those of any other known species.

The pupae differ from those of the fasciatella

group in possessing only a single row of hooks

anteriorly on plate 3P. In this regard they agree

with the pupae of S. dispar (Banks), but may be

distinguished by being slightly smaller.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4-6 mm. Color generally pale yellowish brown; forewings pale yellowish with darker marks along crossveins and

beyond anastomosis (some females have the forewing almost uniformly brown with a transverse

white band along anastomosis) (Figure 30). Fifth

sternum in male with anterolateral process slightly

longer than sternum; about half length of sternum

in female. Male genitalia: Ninth segment with

anterolateral margin slightly produced into an

upturned lobe. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with

tip narrowly produced into an upturned point,

ventral margin at midlength bearing a small lobe

which may vary from rounded and barely produced to distinctly projecting and bifurcate; in

dorsal aspect with apex produced into a long,

rounded lobe. Clasper with basal segment long

and slightly inflated apically; apical segment with

tip rounded in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular,

with basal section enlarged and meeting apical

section at about 120°; with a lateral serrate lobe

nearly at midlength (lobe varying considerably

in length); apex with a bilobed, erect, dorsal plate,

and a tonguelike, slightly sinuate ventral lobe,

internally with long, paired, eversible rods. Female

genitalia: Ninth segment produced posteriad, dorsal bridge about two-thirds length of segment. InSMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

ternal plate in lateral aspect sharply angled at

midlength, in posterodorsal aspect U-shaped, with

anterior bridge broad and produced anteromesally,

often appearing hoodlike. Vagina with ends of anterior bar pointed, directed posteriad; posteromesally with a pair of lightly sclerotized ovoid

plates darkened on mesal margins.

LARVA.—Length to 6 mm. Sclerites generally pale

yellowish brown; head usually darker dorsally and

ventrally, pale around eyes. Anterior margin of

frontoclypeus with pronounced sublateral projections consisting of 3 or 4 lobes each. Mandibles

with molar tooth small, that of right mandible

consisting of rounded lobes only. Metasternum

with 1 pair of gill stalks.

PUPA.—Length 4.5 mm. Hook plates anteriorly

lacking small secondary points; plate 3P with a

single row of spines along anterior margin.

MATERIAL.—U.S.A.: COLORADO: NO further data,

1 9 holotype (MCZ). Garfield County, Colorado

R. bottom near Rifle, 20 July 1941, B. Patterson,

1$ 6 9 (INHS). UTAH: Near Moab, 27 June 1943,

G. F. Knowlton, 42 $ (INHS); same, but on willows along Colorado River, 36 $ . NEW MEXICO:

Catron County, Gila National Monument, 6000',

4 July 1964, D. R. Davis, 2 9 . ARIZONA: Clear Creek

Campground, SE of Camp Verde, 17 June 1968,

Flint and Menke, 1 $ 12 5 .

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: Palitla, 25 June

1965, O. S. Flint, Jr., 3 $ 5 $ ; same, but 5 June

1966, 100 4 9; same, but 5 August 1966, 1$ . 2

miles N of Tamazunchale, 400', 2 August 1963,

Duckworth and Davis, 5 9. Rancho Quemado,

route 85, km 353, 4-6 August 1966, O. S. Flint,

Jr., 3 3 2 $ . Huichihuyan (25 miles N of Tamazunchale), 3-4 August 1963, Duckworth and Davis,

14 ^ 17 9. VERACRUZ: Cordoba, 11-20 November

1966, A. B. Lau, 1 $ 1 $ ; same, but 13 August

1964, P. J. Spangler, 2 9 . Cuitlahuac, 10-12 August

1964, P. J. Spangler, 200 a 9. Puente Nacional,

23-24 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 4 $ 5 9; same,

but 31 July 1966, 1 $ 59 . Ri6 Tacolapan, route

180, km 551, 25-26 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

100 $ 9 . DISTRITO FEDERAL: Lomas de Chapultepec,

19 July 1938, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). JALISCO:

8 miles N of Guadalajara, 4 July 1964, P. J. Spangler, 4 9 • Tejuila, 29 July 1934, A. Dampf, 2 $ 1 9

(INHS). NAYARIT: Tepic, 3000', 21 August 1964,

Blanton and Broce, 2 9. MICHOACAN: Huetamo,

stream bank 20 km from Ri6 Balsas, 22 August
NUMBER 167 31

ISO I4O 13O 12O HO 100 9O SO 70 60

FIGURE 38 Distribution of Smicridea signata (Banks).

1933, A. Dampf, 25 $ 9 (INHS). Cutzamala, 20

August 1930, A. Dampf, 14 3 9 (INHS). GUERRERO: Cocula, 5 March 1935, A. Dampf, 1 $

(INHS); same, but 6 August 1930, T. Parra, 4 $ .

Acatlan del Rio, 10 August 1930, T. Parra, 20 $ 9

(INHS). Tetla, 11 August 1930, A. Dampf, 4$

6 9 (INHS). Vejulo, Ri6 Balsas, 3 September 1930,

A. Dampf, 4^ (INHS). MORELOS: Acatilpa, 16

July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 5 9 . Xochitepee, 12-14

July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ 13 $ . Near Xochitepec, route 95, km 91, 1 August 1965, O. S. Flint,

Jr., 60,$ 9 • Cuautla, 2 September 1937, A. Dampf,

100$ (INHS); same, but 28 August 1937, 1$.

Cuernavaca, 16 July 1930, A. Dampf, 16 s (INHS).

OAXACA: near El Camaron, route 190, km, 687,

12 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 3 9. Tehuantepec,

23 July 1964, P. J. Spangler, 6$ 32 9. Valle Nacional, 2 March 1932, A. Dampf, 1 <$ (INHS).

Rancho Moter, 16 December 1973, A. Dampf,

3,5 (INHS). Laguna Superior de Juchitan, 30
32

April 1932, A. Dampf. 50 $ (INHS). Chiltepec,

9 December 1937, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS); same

but 12 December 1937, 4 $ . CHIAPAS: 7.8 miles E

of Pichucalco, 27-28 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, ^

4 9. El Chorreadero, near Chiapa de Corzo, 11

August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 27 $ 11 $ . Mazatan,

12 November 1932, A. Dampf, 2 S (INHS). Chiapa

de Corzo, 26 July 1926, A. Dampf, 4 4 (INHS).

Arriaga, 22 August 1965, P. J. Spangler, 200 $ 9.

E of Arriaga, route 185, km 135, 7-8 July 1966,

Flint and Ortiz, 9 metamorphotype, larvae. Puente

Arroyo Viejo, route 200, km 141, near Mapastepec,

7 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 3 $ ; same, but 9 June

1967, 200 $ 9. Near Pijijiapan, 5 July 1965; P. J.

Spangler, 32 $ 24 $. Acapatehua, 7 November

1932, A. Dampf, 1$ (INHS). Finca Vergel, 22

May 1935, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). Escuintla, bank

mountain stream, 11 November 1930, A. Dampf,

35<$ 9 (INHS). Mapastepec, 5 November 1932,

A. Dampf, 2$ (INHS). San Cristobal, 1 June

1926, A. Dampf, 6 $ (INHS). Copainala, 5 November 1946, A. Dampf, 3 3 (INHS). Tonala, 27

November 1932, A. Dampf, 55 $ (INHS); same,

but 3 November 1932, 5 $ ; same, but 2 November

1932, 162 $ . Santa Lucia, 29 July 1926, A. Dampf,

3 <$ (INHS). Tuxtla Gutierrez, 29 May 1926, A.

Dampf, 3 $ (INHS). Huixtla, Sierra Madre, 9

November 1932, A. Dampf, 2 $ (INHS). Ocosingo

Valley, Finca El Real, 1-7 July 1950, C. and M.

Goodnight and L. S. Stannard, 9 $ 69 (INHS);

same, but Rio Santa Cruz, 1 July 1950, 250 $ 9.

TABASCO: Balancan, 2 January 1939, A. Dampf,

2$ (INHS). Las Mercedes, 25 June 1938, A.

Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). Pocvicuc, 1 January 1939,

A. Dampf, 4& (INHS). Villahermosa, 13 August

1937, A. Dampf, 3 $ (INHS). Ri6 Puyacatengo,

E of Teapa, 28-29 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

300 39,1 $ metamorphotype, 5 larvae. CAMPECHE:

Salto Grande, 11 January, 1939, A. Dampf, 5 $

19 (INHS).

GUATEMALA: SAN MARCOS: Puente Ixben, 6

July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2 9. RETALHULEU:

Puente El Nino, 16 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

1 <J 13 9. SUCHITEPEQUEZ: Cuyotenango, 10-20 June

1966, Flint and Ortiz, 4 3 7 9; same, but 30 December 1965, J. M. Campbell, 29 . Puente Ixtacapa, near San Antonio, 18-19 June 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, 23 3 50 9 - San Antonio, 6 July 1965,

P. J. Spangler, 1 $ 1 9. Finca Moca, 12 June 1966,

Flint and Ortiz, 5 <$ 69 . Ri6 Sis, 22 km S. of

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

Finca La Maquina, 11 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz,

10 $ 7 9. ESCUINTLA: Tequisate, 4-12 May 1929,

G. Heinrich, 1 $ . Escuintla, Grutas de San Pedro

Martir, 10 July 1965, P. J. Spangler 100 $ 9. Ri6

Metapa, 10 km SE of Escuintla, 5-6 March 1970,

E. J. Fee, 5 $ 3 9. JUTIAPA: Laguna Nisguaya, 4

August 1965, P. J. Spangler, 11 $ 14 9. ZACAPA:

Ri6 Teculutan, 18 August 1965, Flint and Ortiz,

100 $ 9 . EL PROGRESSO: San Agustin Acasaguastlan,

11-21 August 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 12 $ 20 9.

IZABAL: Near Matias de Galvez, 26-27 June 1966,

Flint and Ortiz, 3 9. ALTO VERA PAZ: Coban, 22-

23 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 1 9 .

EL SALVADOR: LA LIBERTAD: Quezaltepeque,

11 February 1965, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth, 7 $

10 9. Rio El Palmar, near La Libertad, 2-3 July

1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2 9 . SAN SALVADOR: Lago

Ilopango, 5 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 3 $ ; same,

but 2 August 1965, P. J. Spangler, 4 9. USULUTAN:

San Nicholas Lempa, 31 July 1965, P. J. Spangler,

6 9 .

HONDURAS: VALLE: Nacaome, 4 August 1967,

O. S. Flint, Jr., 200 3 9,3 9 metamorphotypes,

larvae and pupae. 5 miles W of Jicaro Galan Junction, 9 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 70 $ 9. CHOLUTECA: Pespire, 1 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 100

3 9- 5 miles E of Choluteca, 28 July 1965, P. J.

Spangler, 300 $ 9 . COMAYAGUA: Rancho Chiquito,

SE of Flores, 2-3 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr.,

63 2 9- Rio Humuya, NW of Comayagua, 3 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 100 $ 9. YORO: 12 km

W of Olanchito, 11 May 1949, E. C. Becker, 5 $

9 9 (INHS); same, but 17 May 1949, 50$ 39 ;

same, but 24-25 May 1949, 300 $ 500 9 ; same,

but 20 June 1949, 2 $ ; same, but 21 June 1949,

25 $ ; same, but 5-7 July 1949, 8$ 14 9 ; same,

but 13 July 1949, 2 $ . ATLANTIDA: La Ceiba, 27-29

March 1920, W. M. Mann, 2 $ ; same, but 27 May

1949, E. C. Becker, 2$ 2 9 (INHS); same, but

29 May 1949, 5 $ ; same, but 2 June 1949, 2 <5 ;

same, but 7 June 1949, 1 $ ; same, but 16 June

1949, 1 $ ; same, but 21 June 1949, 2$ ; same, but

22 June 1949, 35 $ ; same, but 14 July 1949, 4 $

5 9; same, but 19-21 July 1949, 4 $ 7 9; same,

but 29-30 July 1949, 2 $ ; same, but 22 August

1949, 43 99 . Lancetilla, August, Stadelmann,

4 $ 69 (MCZ). SANTA BARBARA: Casas Viejas,

250*, 20 May 1966, J. M. Matta, 30 $ 9.

NICARAGUA: NUEVA SEGOVIA: Ri6 Coco, Ocotal, 31 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 75 3 9. ESTELI:
NUMBER 167

Ducuali, 13 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 3 $ 21 $.

CHONTALES: Puente Quinama, E of Villa Somoza,

29 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 300 $ 9 .

COSTA RICA: GUANACASTE: 1.5 miles S of

Potrerillos, 27 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 2 9 • Quebrada Tronadorcita, Arenal, 24 July 1967, O. S.

Flint, Jr., 8$ 24 $ . Rio Corobici, Las Canas, 26

July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 36 $ 7 9. Las Canas,

13 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 28 $ 20 $ . Ri6 Canas,

Las Canas, 28 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $.

Taboga, 26-29 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 2 $

2 9. PUNTARENAS: Rio Seco, NW of Esparta, 23

July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 75 a $ . 9 miles NW of

Esparta, 22 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 25 $ 22 $.

Ri6 La Vieja, near Lagarto, 2-3 July 1967, Flint

and Ortiz, 5 <$ . 2.8 miles E of Golfito, 3-4 July

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 7 $ 3 9 ; same, but 18-19

July 1967, 43 $ 16$. CARTAGO: Turrialba, 17-21

February 1965, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth, 1 $.

LIMON: La Lola, near Matina, 11 March 1965,

S. S. and W. D. Duckworth, 24 $ 42 9 • SAN JOSE:

Ri6 General, Pacuare, 1 July 1967, Flint, Spangler

and Ortiz, 2 $ 1 9 .

PANAMA: CHIRIQUI: Ri6 Caimito, 10 miles N

of David, 4 July 1967, Flint, Spangler and Ortiz,

4 $ 23 9- Dolega, 17 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr.,

300 n . David, Rovira, 2200', 13 July 1964, A.

Broce, 2 S 1 9. David, Doleguita, 3 June 1964, A.

Broce, 11 $ 21 9. COCLE: El Valle, 15 July 1967,

O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ . CANAL ZONE: Pipeline Road,

Ri6 Agua Salud, 8-12 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

14 $ ; same, but 30 March 1965, S. S. and W. D.

Duckworth, 6 <$ 2 9. Pipeline Road, near Gamboa,

July 1967, W. W. Wirth, 1 $ . Madden Dam, 10-13

July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 2 9.

BIOLOGY.—The immature stages have been collected a number of times on rocks in shallow

riffles in full sun. The streams vary greatly in

size, from small ones barely a meter wide, to larger

ones 10-20 meters in width. If proximity of adult

collections are an indication, they may well breed

in rivers too large and deep to be worked easily

on foot.

The adults come freely to lights, both white and

ultraviolet, and may be beaten from overhanging

foliage.

19. Smicridea (R.) bifurcata, new species

FICURES 39. 141-144, 190-192

This species is closely related to S. signata

(Banks) with which it often occurs. The males

are recognized by the lack of lateral processes and

apicodorsal lobes on the aedeagus, and by the

presence of the small apical points and bifurcate

process ventrolaterally on the tenth tergite.

The female differs in the shape of the ninth

tergum, in which the dorsal bridge is proportionately much shorter than in S. signata, and in the

anterior bridge of the internal plate which is much

narrower.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color

pale yellowish brown; forewing marked much as

in S. signata, but with dark subterminal band

narrower and with wing tip pale. Fifth sternum

in male with anterolateral process about one and

one-half times length of sternum; slightly less than

length of sternum in female. Male genitalia: Ninth

segment with anterolateral process upturned.

Tenth tergite rapidly narrowed to an upturned

apex in lateral aspect and with a bifurcate process

ventrolaterally; in dorsal aspect with tip bluntly

rounded and with small sclerotized points marginally. Clasper with basal segment long, parallelsided; apical segment with rounded apex in dorsal

aspect. Aedeagus tubular, apical and basal sections meeting at about 100°; apex with a tonguelike process from near ventral margin, ventrally

with a small lobe bearing several spicules, internally with a long, paired eversible structure. Female genitalia: Ninth segment short dorsally, with

anterolateral margin obliquely produced and

angled. Internal plate U-shaped in posterodorsal

aspect with bridge broad, and with a tonguelike

anterior process. Vagina with ends of anterior bar

produced posteriad; with a pair of elongate, lightly

sclerotized plates posteriorly.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: COSTA RICA,

GUANACASTE, Rio Corobici, Las Canas, 26 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr. USNM Type 72705. Paratypes: Same data, 54 $ 13 9. Las Canas, 13 July

1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 <j 3 9 . PUNTARENAS: Ri6 La

Vieja, near Lagarto, 2-3 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

21 S 145 9- Ri6 Seco, NW of Esparta, 23 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ .

HONDURAS: COMAYAGUA: Ri6 Humuya, NW

of Comayagua, 3 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 2 3 .

BIOLOGY.—Although the immatures of this

species have not yet been taken, I expect that they

will be found in habitats similar to those of S.
34 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

signata. Adults have been taken at ultraviolet

lights.

20. Smicridea (R.) inarmata, new species

FIGURES 39, 145-148

This species is a member of the signata group,

very close to S. bifurcata, new species, with which

it agrees in lacking the lateral processes and apical

lobes of the aedeagus. However, the apicoventral,

tonguelike process of the aedeagus is more like

that of S. signata, and the tenth tergite lacks the

apical and lateral points, but has developed the

ventrolateral margin into a more heavily sclerotized, rimlike, structure.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5 mm. Color in

alcohol pale brown; forewing appearing to be colored much as in S. signata (cf. Figure 30). Fifth

sternum in male with anterolateral process one and

one-half length of sternum. Male genitalia: Ninth

segment with anterolateral margin produced into

a rounded lobe. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect

with apex produced into a small dorsal angle, with

ventral margin developed into a strongly sclerotized rim; in dorsal aspect with tip rounded and

slightly incurved, with lateral margin slightly produced. Clasper with basal segment long, slightly

inflated apicad; apical segment ending in a point

in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and

apical sections meeting at an angle of about 110°;

apex with a tonguelike ventral lobe arising from

a slightly sinuate base, internally with a long,

paired, eversible structure bearing a pair of lateral

sclerotized points. Female genitalia: Unknown.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, CHIAPAS, Finca Esperanza, 26 June 1938, A. Dampf,

at light, MF 6937 (INHS). Paratypes: Same, but

26-31 March 1939, U (USNM); same, but 12

April 1938, 1 $ (INHS); same, but 25 April 1938,

1 $ (USNM); same, but 2 May 1938, 1 $ (INHS);

same, but 26 May 1938, 1 $ (USNM); same, but

28 June 1938, 1$ (INHS); same, but 30 June

1938, 2$ (INHS, USNM); same, but 3 August

1938, 1 $ (USNM).

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FIGURE 39.—Distribution of Smicridea bifurcata, new species, S. inarmata, new species, and

S. arizonensis, new species.
NUMBER 167

BIOLOGY.—Beyond the fact that the adults were

attracted to lights, nothing is known about the

biology of this species.

21. Smicridea (R.) arizonensis, new species

FIGURES 32, 39, 149-152, 196-198

This species is a member of the signata group,

closely related to S. salta, new species. The adults

are larger and paler than those of 5. salta. The

male genitalia of S. arizonensis lack the sharp ventrolateral spine on the tenth tergite, and have a

broader apicoventral process at the tip of the

aedeagus than S. salta.

The internal plate of the female has broader

lateral arms and anterior bridge than does the

plate of S. salta, and the dorsal bridge of the ninth

segment is proportionately longer in S. arizonensis.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 4.5-6 mm. Color

brown; forewing nearly uniformly brown with a

transverse white band at anastomosis (Figure 32).

Fifth sternum with anterolateral process slightly

shorter than sternum in male and less than half

length of sternum in female. Male genitalia: Ninth

segment with anterolateral process short, slightly

upturned. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with apex

broadly upturned, ventral margin with a small

lobe at midlength; in dorsal aspect with tip slightly

produced. Clasper with basal segment long, slightly

sinuate; apical segment bluntly pointed in dorsal

aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical

sections meeting at about 120°; apex with ventral

process straight, about two-thirds width of stem,

dorsally with darkened apicolateral spots, internally with a long, paired, eversible structure.

Female genitalia: Ninth tergum with anterolateral

margin sinuate, not strongly produced. Internal

plate in posterodorsal aspect U-shaped, with anterior bridge produced mesally; in lateral aspect

with posterior arms rather short, and angled to

axis of bridge. Vagina with anterior bar bearing

very short, posteriorly directed processes laterally;

with a pair of very small, lightly sclerotized plates

posteriorly.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: U.S.A., ARIZONA,

Clear Creek Campground SE of Camp Verde, 17

June 1968, Flint and Menke. USNM Type 72706.

Paratypes: Same data, 3 4 25 $ .

BIOLOGY.—The adults were attracted to an ultraviolet light in company with adults of S. signata

and S. dispar. The adjacent stream was 3-5 meters

wide and flowing over shallow, gravel riffles.

22. Smicridea (R.) salta, new species

FICURES 33, 40, 153-156, 193-195

This and S. radula are the smallest species of

the genus found in the region of this study. The

species may be immediately recognized by the

combination of very small size and uniform grayish brown color with a pale subapical band on

the forewing. It is clearly a member of the signata

group on the basis of genitalia and is closest to

S. arizonensis, new species. In the male sex it is

distinguished by the presence of a small spur ventrolaterally and narrower, more elongate apices

of the tenth tergite, plus small differences in the

tip of the aedeagus.

The female internal plate is very slender and

"wishbone" shaped, quite unlike that of S. arizonensis.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 3.5 mm. Color grayish brown; forewing uniformly grayish brown with

a pale subterminal band, wing of male darker

than in female (Figure 33). Fifth sternum with

anterolateral process slightly longer than length

of sternum in male, about half length of sternum

in female. Male genitalia: Ninth segment produced

into a pointed, upturned lobe anterolaterally.

Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with tip upturned

and pointed, ventral margin with a sharp spur at

midlength; in dorsal aspect with apex produced

into a long, rounded lobe. Clasper with basal segment long, slightly enlarged beyond midlength;

apical segment with tip pointed in dorsal aspect.

Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical sections

meeting at an angle of about 110°; apex with a

narrow, ventral tonguelike process, in dorsal aspect

with apicolateral dark marks, internally with a

long, thin, eversible structure. Female genitalia:

Ninth segment blunt apically, with anterolateral

margin produced and angled at about 90°. Internal

plate with posterior arms narrow, with a small

narrow anteromesal process. Vagina with anterior

bar bearing short, posteriorly directed processes

laterally, posteriorly with a pair of elongate, lightly

sclerotized plates.
36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

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FIGURE 40.—Distribution of Smicridea salta^. new species, and S. radula, new species.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, SAN LUIS

POTOSI, El Salto (26 miles W of Antiguo Morelos),

8 August 1966, O. S. Flint, Jr. USNM Type 72707.

Paratypes: Same data, 150 $ 9 ; same, but 3 June

1967, 5 $ 250 9 ; same, but 23-24 June 1965, 25 $

75 9; same, but 11-14 July 1963, Duckworth and

Davis, 100 «$ 9 ; same, but 8 May 1964, Blanton,

et al., 2 $ 3 9. Palitla, 5 June 1966, O. S. Flint,

Jr., 1 $ 2 9. TAMAUHPAS: 6 miles S of Ciudad

Victoria, 1050', 6 August 1963, Duckworth and

Davis, 1 9. 4 miles SW of Ciudad Victoria, 1100',

10 July 1965, Duckworth and Davis, 3 9.

BIOLOGY.—The adults of this species are attracted

to lights, often in great numbers. Although the

larvae have not been taken, they probably may

be found in the streams adjacent to the adult collection sites. A few adults have been taken near

small, shallow streams a meter or two in width

with shallow riffles. The one site, El Salto, where

this species has been consistently collected in

abundance, is quite different. Here, just below a

large waterfall, the river is 10-20 meters wide, with

boulders and deep pools, overflowing travertine

rims.

23. Smicridea (R.) radula, new species

FIGURES 31, 40, 162-165, 199-202

This is a small species, colored much like S.

signata, except that the terminal area of the forewing is usually dark. The male genitalia, however,

are very distinctive and like no other known

species of the genus. The short, broad apex of

the tenth tergite with projecting ventral margin is

distinctive, and the structure of the apex of the

aedeagus is not only distinctive, but unique.

The female is quite distinctive, although the internal genitalia are suggestive of the signata group.

The dorsum of the ninth segment is proportionately very short, and in dorsal aspect broad with

lateral shoulder-like lobes and the shape of the

internal plate is quite distinctive.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 3-4.5 mm. Color

pale yellowish brown; forewing marked much as

in S. signata, but with terminal area dark (Figure

31), female occasionally with entire wing dark.

Fifth sternum in male and female with anterolateral process about one and one-half times the

length of sternum. Male genitalia: Ninth segment

with anterolateral margin produced as a narrow,
NUMBER 167 37

upturned lobe; sternum with a narrow, pointed

process between clasper bases. Tenth tergite in

lateral aspect with apex rounded, with ventral

margin produced into a point beneath apex; in

dorsal aspect with apex broadly rounded, and

flanked laterally by a pointed projection. Clasper

with basal segment long, inflated subapically;

apical segment with apex pointed in dorsal aspect.

Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical sections

meeting at about 90°; apex with dorsum produced

as a broad, rounded lobe bearing basolaterally a

spiculate patch, with a ventrolateral plate bearing

a series of short, dark teeth, internally with a long,

paired, eversible structure. Female genitalia: Ninth

tergum short posterodorsally, nearly truncate, with

broad, lateral shoulders; anterolateral angle broadly rounded. Internal plate with narrow arms,

U-shaped in posterodorsal aspect with a small anteromesal process, in lateral aspect with anterior

portion borne at about right angles to lateral arms.

Vagina with anterior bar bearing short, posteriorly

directed processes laterally; mesally with a pair

of lightly sclerotized plates which are sharply

angled at midlength when seen in lateral aspect.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: COSTA RICA,

SAN JOSE, Rio General, Pacuare, 1 July 1967, Flint,

Spangler and Ortiz. USNM Type 72708. Paratypes:

MEXICO: VERACRUZ: Puente Nacional, 15 June

1964, F. S. Blanton, 1 $. OAXACA: Chiltepec, 12

December 1937, A. Dampf, at light, \$ (INHS).

CHIAPAS: Copainala, 5 September 1946, A. Dampf,

4<$ (INHS). Tecpatan, 2 September 1946, A.

Dampf, 105^ (INHS); same, but 29 August 1946,

21 $ ; same, but 3 September 1946, 205 $ ; same,

but 1 September 1946, 13 $ ; same, but 30 August

1946, 6 $ . Finca Vergel, 22 May 1935, A. Dampf,

14 (INHS); same, but 23 May 1935, 1^ . Finca

Fortuna, 11 May 1938, A. Dampf, 1$ (INHS).

Huixtla, Sierra Madre, 9 November 1932, A Dampf,

1 $ (INHS). Puente Arroyo Viejo, route 200, km

141, 9 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 4 $ 27 5.

GUATEMALA: SUCHITEPEQUEZ: Cuyotenango,

10-20 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 1 9. Puente

Ixtacapa, near San Antonio, 18-19 June 1966,

Flint and Ortiz, 2 $ 40 $ . CHIMALTENANGO: Chimaltenango, 19-20 August 1965, P. J. Spangler,

5 £ 6 $ . ESCUINTLA: Escuintla, Grutas de San Pedro

Martir, 10 August 1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 $ . Ri6

Metapa, 10 km SE of Escuintla, 275 m, 5-6 March

1970, E. J. Fee, 9$ 15$.

EL SALVADOR: LA LIBERTAD: Quezaltepeque,

11 February 1965, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth,

3 $ 9$ . USULUTAN: San Nicholas Lempa, 31 July

1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 9.

HONDURAS: ATLANTIDA: La Ceiba, 27-29

March 1920, W. M. Mann, 2 9 . COMAYAGUA: Ri6

Humuya, NW of Comayagua, 3 August 1967, O.

S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ .

COSTA RICA: GUANACASTE: Las Canas, 13 July

1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 $ . Ri6 Corobici, Las Canas,

26 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 3 «j 2 9 • Quebrada

Tronadorcita, Arenal, 24 July 1967, O. S. Flint,

Jr., 1 $ 1 $ . PUNTARENAS: 9 miles NW of Esparta,

22 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 $ 1 9 . Ri6 La Vieja,

near Lagarto, 2-3 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 3 $

3 $ . SAN JOSE: Same data as holotype, 55 $ 31 9 •

CARTAGO: 3 miles W of Turrialba, 18-21 June

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ . La Suiza, 17 June 1967,

Flint and Ortiz, 3 $ 15$. La Cruzada, Quebrada

Relleno, 20 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 29 .

PANAMA: CHIRIQUI: Dolega, 17 July 1967, O. S.

Flint, Jr., 1 $ 1 9 . David, Rovira, 2200', 13 July

1964, A. Broce, 1 $ 1 9. CANAL ZONE: Pipeline

Road, Rio Agua Salud, 8-12 July 1967, Flint and

Ortiz, 16 $ 9 9; same, but 30 March 1965, S. S.

and W. D. Duckworth, 4 $ 3 9-

BIOLOGY.—The adults of this species are commonly attracted to lights, usually in company with

those of S. signata. The streams adjacent to adult

collecting sites vary in size from a few meters in

width to larger rivers 20-30 meters wide. As in

the case in streams occupied by most species of

the subgenus, rather shallow, sunny riffle areas are

common, even though the stream may be broad

and deep in intervening pools.

24. Smicridea (R.) acuminata, new species

FICURES 34-35, 41, 157-161, 205-206

This species and S. talamanca, new species,

belong to the peruana group. S. acuminata is

readily separated from S. talamanca by the possession of a pointed, triangular process from the

ninth sternum in addition to major differences in

the aedeagus.

The females of S. acuminata are distinctly darker

than the males, whereas the females of S. talamanca
38 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

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are the same color as the males. In addition there

are distinct differences between the two species in

the sclerites of the vagina and internal plate.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 6.5-7.5 mm. Color

pale yellowish brown; forewing pale yellowish with

darker marks in crossveins, and in a subterminal

band; female with wings darker brown (Figures

34, 35). Fifth sternum with anterolateral process

almost twice length of sternum in male and female.

Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterolateral

margin only moderately produced; posterior margin produced into a pointed, trianguloid lobe midventrally. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with

lateral margin strongly sclerotized, tip narrow, upturned; in dorsal aspect with tip narrowly produced and rounded. Clasper with basal segment

long, slightly inflated apicad; apical segment with

tip rounded in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular,

with basal and apical sections meeting at about

90°, apical section slightly arched; subapically

with spicules laterally and midventrally; internally

with a long, eversible structure with a dorsal spiculate sac and a ventral sigmoid sclerite. Female

genitalia: Ninth segment with anterolateral margin produced and angled at 90°; ventral plate large

and strongly sclerotized. Internal plate with lateral

arms narrow, anterior bridge broad, with a narrow,

erect anteromesal lobe. Vagina with anterior bar

expanded laterad; with a heavily sclerotized,

U-shaped sclerite posteriad.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: COSTA RICA,

CARTAGO, Turrialba, 17-21 February 1965, S. S.

and W. D. Duckworth. USNM Type 72709. Paratypes: Same data, 75 $ 9 ; same, but 22-28 February 1965, 200 & 9 ; same, but 3 March 1965,

200 5 9; same, but 13-17 March 1965, 2 9; same,

but 15-19 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 7 $ 4 9 . 3 miles

W of Turrialba, 18-21 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

3 <$ 2 9. Chitaria, 19 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz,

48 $ 26 9 . Quebrada Relleno, La Cruzada, 20 June

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 1 3 12 9. La Suiza, 17 June

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 5$ 27 9- GUANACASTE:

Quebrada Tronadorcita, Arenal, 24 July 1967, O.

S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ 1 9 .

COLOMBIA: CUNDINAMARCA: Ri6 Sumapaz

Gorge, E of Melgar, 1000 m, 5 January 1959, J. F.

G. Clarke, 1 <j 1 9 .
NUMBER 167 39

BIOLOGY.—The adults have been taken at lights,

often in great abundance. The lights were usually

operated near large (10-20 meters wide), clear,

tumbling streams in forested areas of heavy rainfall. However, such areas have many smaller lateral rivulets and springs falling into the river,

so that the exact breeding site was uncertain.

25. Smicridea (R.) talamanca, new species

FIGURES 43, 166-169, 207-208

This species of the peruana group is easily told

apart from the only other species of the group

herein treated by the lack of the mesal point from

the ninth sternum in the male. In addition, the

apex of the aedeagus is totally different in the

two species.

The females of 5. talamanca are colored the

same as the males, rather than being darker, as

is the case with S. acuminata. The dorsomesal lobe

of the internal plate in 5. acuminata is also quite

distinctive.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 6-7 mm. Color pale

yellowish; forewing yellowish, with dark markings

on crossveins and in a subterminal band (cf. Figure 34). Fifth sternum with anterolateral process

almost twice length of sternum in male and female.

Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterolateral

angle produced, rounded, no midventral process.

Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with ventral margin straight and strongly sclerotized, with tip narrowly produced posteriad; in dorsal aspect with

tip narrowly produced and rounded. Clasper with

basal segment long and inflated apicad; apical

segment with tip rounded in dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical sections angled

at about 90°; apical section slightly arched, with

a lightly sclerotized middorsal, hoodlike structure;

tip with a transverse, dark, dorsal band, with a

pointed, serrate, ventrolateral process, and a

rounded midventral lobe; internally with a long,

probably eversible, structure. Female genitalia:

Ninth tergum with anterolateral margin angled at

about 90°. Internal plate with long, slender lateral

arms, with a large mesal lobe directed anteriorly

from anterior bridge. Vagina with anterior bar

bearing lateral, twisted processes, with an irregular,

U-shaped plate posteriad, and a small, lightly sclerotized plate over anterior bar.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: COSTA RICA,

CARTAGO, Chitaria, 19 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz.

USNM Type 72710. Paratypes: Same data, 1 4 1 9 .

3 miles W of Turrialba, 18-21 June 1967, Flint

and Ortiz, 1$ 2$ . PUNTARENAS: 14.1 miles E of

Esparta, 23 July 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 4 $ . GUANACASTE: Quebrada Tronadorcita, Arenal, 24 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 9.

BIOLOGY.—The adults have been collected sparingly, both at lights and beaten from foliage. The

four males from near Esparta were beaten from

foliage overhanging a stream only 2-3 meters wide

that was cascading rapidly down a forested mountainside. Similar habitats were nearby most of the

other sites, leading me to believe that this species

may be limited to waterfalls or other restricted

habitats.

26. Smicridea (R.) zanclophora, new species

FIGURES 36, 42, 170-173, 203-204

Although in appearance this species is quite

similar to S. salta, new species, and S. arizonensis,

new species, the structure of the aedeagus indicates

its total distinctness within the Central American

fauna. The aedeagal structure places this species

in the magna group, which is typically South

American. From S. magna (Ulmer) this species

differs in coloration and structure of the tenth

tergites which are strongly rimmed ventrolaterally.

The shape of the internal plate is unique within

the species treated here, although the structure of

the vaginal sclerites is similar to that of the dispar

group.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5 mm. Color dark

brown; forewings dark brown, with indistinctly

darker irrorations, and with a distinct pale transverse band subapically (Figure 36). Fifth sternum

with anterolateral process one and one-half times

length of sternum in male, and as long as sternum

in female. Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterolateral margin upcurved and acutely angulate.

Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with tip barely upturned and produced, with ventrolateral margin

heavily sclerotized, forming a distinct rim; in dorsal aspect with tip slightly produced and rounded,

broad laterally. Clasper with basal segment long,

parallel-sided; apical segment with tip pointed in
40 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURE 42.—Distribution of Smicridea zanclophora, new species.

dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and

apical sections meeting at about 90°; apical section slightly enlarged apicad, tip with a pair of

hooked processes directed dorsomesad; internally

with a long, paired, structure enlarged apically,

with a ventral curved plate. Female genitalia: Internal plate in posterodorsal aspect with lateral

arms parallel, anterior bridge transverse. Vagina

with anterior bar bearing posterolateral processes

about a third as long as bar; centrally with a small,

dark pore.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: PANAMA, CANAL

ZONE, Pipeline Road, Ri6 Agua Salud, 8-12 July

1967, Flint and Ortiz. USNM Type 72711. Paratypes: COSTA RICA: GUANACASTE: Quebrada

Tronadorcita, Arenal, 24 July 1967, O. S. Flint,

Jr., 6 & 3 9. Las Canas, IS July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 6$ 29 . Ri6 Corobici, Las Canas, 26 July

1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 7 g 4 9 . SAN JOSE: Rid General, Pacuare, 1 July 1967, Flint, Spangler and

Ortiz, 2 $ 2 9 in copula, 53 $ 50 9. PUNTARENAS:

Ri6 Ceibo, Buenos Aires, 2 July 1967, Flint and

Ortiz, 1 $ . Ri6 La Vieja, near Lagarto, 2-3 July

1967, Flint and Ortiz, 6 $ 4 9.

PANAMA: PANAMA: Cerro Azul, 7 July 1967,

Flint and Ortiz, 1 9. CANAL ZONE: Tabernilla, 16

June 1907, A. Busck, 2 9. Pipeline Road, Ri6 Frijoles, 6-7 July 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 14 $ 34 9-

Same data as holotype, 65 $ 29 9 ; same, but 30

March 1965, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth, 70 $ 30 9 .

Pipeline Road, near Gamboa, July 1967, W. W.

Wirth, 6369 .

BIOLOGY.—The adults are freely attracted to

lights at night, and have been swept from foliage

bordering streams. The larvae of this species have

not been associated with the adults. However, the

streams adjacent to adult sites vary from brooklets

a few meters wide, to large streams 20-30 meters

wide. All have extensive, shallow, riffle areas, and

are rather open to the sun.

27. Smicridea (R.) dispar (Banks),

resurrected species

FICURES 37, 43, 178-181, 209-210, 215, 224-225

Polycentropus dispar Banks, 1905:16.

Smicridea dispar (Banks) [as synonym of S. fasiatella McLachlan].—Milne, 1936:73—Fischer, 1963:133.
NUMBER 167 41

Smicridea utico Ross, 1947:144.—Denning, 1956:252.—Fischer,

1972:145. [New synonymy.]

This species, S. dithyra, new species, and S. veracruzensis, new species, form a closely interrelated

group that I refer to as the dispar group. S. dispar

is allopatric to the other two species, which are

essentially sympatric. The recognition of the three

species lies almostly wholly in the structure of the

aedeagus, although there are slight differences in

the shape of the tenth tergites. In the most similar

species, S. dithyra, the aedeagus is a little more

sinuate and possesses a pair of eversible ventrolateral plates.

In the female the internal plate is V-shaped with

narrow lateral arms gradually widening toward

the anterior junction, but without the anterior

knobs of S. dithyra. The anterior sclerotized bar

of the vagina of S. dispar has the ends projecting

distinctly posteriad and of intermediate length,

with a simple central pore.

The larvae appear to be superficially more similar to those of S. fasciatelta than to S. signata. The

shapes of the molar areas of the mandibles are

distinctive in S. dispar; however, the pupae seem

to differ from those of 5. signata, to which they are

most similar, only in being slightly larger.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5-6.5 mm. Color

brown; forewing brown of several shades, marked

with irregular lighter and darker transverse bands

(Figure 37). Fifth sternum with anterolateral

process barely half length of sternum in male and

female. Male genitalia: Ninth segment with anterolateral margin broadly rounded. Tenth tergite

in lateral aspect with tip produced and upturned;

in dorsal aspect with tip produced into a narrowly

elongate, rounded lobe. Clasper with basal segment long, slightly sinuate, with parallel sides;

apical segment in dorsal aspect with tip rounded.

Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical sections

meeting at about 120°; apical section straight,

inflated apicad; tip internally with a slender mesal

process and a pair of darkened, lateral structures.

Female genitalia: Internal plate narrow, V-shaped.

Vagina with anterior bar bearing posteriorly directed projections laterally, with a small central

pore.

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FIGURE 43 Distribution of Smicridea talamanca, new species, 5. dispar (Banks), and

5. dithyra, new species.
42 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

LARVA.—Length to 9 mm. Sclerites yellowish

brown; head slightly darkened posteromesally. Anterior margin of frontoclypeus slightly produced

mesally with 3-4 low, rounded lobes connected

mesally by a broad sinuate lobe. Mandibles with

molar area rounded, bilobate, that of right mandible slightly more produced. Metasternum with 2

pairs of gill stalks.

PUPA.—Length 5.5 mm. Hook plates anteriorly

lacking small secondary points; plate 3P with a

single row of spines along anterior margin.

MATERIAL.—U.S.A.: UTAH: NW of Moab, 27

June 1943, G. F. Knowlton, 1 $ para type of utico

(INHS). ARIZONA: Clear Creek Campground, SE

of Camp Verde, 17 June 1968, Flint and Menke,

2^. 1 mile S of Portal, 14 June 1965, M. A. Cazier,

1 $. Tucson, 5 June 190?, Oslar, $ holotype

(MCZ).

MEXICO: SONORA: 5 miles W of Alamos, 14

August 1959, F. Werner and W. Nutting, 15 $

9 $. JALISCO: 8 miles N of Guadalajara, 4 July

1964, P. J. Spangler, 1 $. La Barca, 2 October

1934, A. Dampf, 6 $ (INHS). MICHOACAN: San

Lorenzo, route 15, km 206, 14-15 July 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, 81 $ 4 $. Turundeo, route 15, km 200,

14 July 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2 $. MORELOS:

Cuautla, 28 October 1922, E. G. Smyth, 1 $ . Acatilpa, 16 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 1 $ . Xochitepec, 12-14 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz, 3 $ 24$,

<$ $ metamorphtypes, larvae. Near Xochitepec,

route 95, km 91, 1 August 1965, O. S. Flint, Jr.,

2$ 42$. Cuernavaca, 26-29 March 1932, A.

Dampf, 1 $ (INHS). Chipitlan, Cuernavaca, 3

May 1941, A. Dampf, 1$ (INHS). OAXACA:

Tamazulapan, 7-8 June 1967, Flint and Ortiz, 41 $

29 $. Huajapan, 8 November 1944, A. Dampf, 1 $

(INHS). GUERRERO: Chilpancingo, 22 October

1941, D. M. DeLong, at light, 1 $ paratype of

utico (INHS).

BIOLOGY.—I have taken larvae in, and collected

adults adjacent to, streams, usually of low gradient,

that vary in width from about 5 meters to over

10 meters. Generally they have many shallow riffle

areas well exposed to the sun.

The adults are commonly taken at lights, often

in abundance.

28. Smicridea (R.) dithyra, new species

FIGURES 43, 182-186, 211-212

This species is a member of the dispar group,

closely related to S. dispar (Banks). In coloration

the two species are inseparable; however, they are

distinguishable on the basis of genital characteristics. In the male, the apex of the aedeagus in

S. dithyra possesses a pair of small eversible plates

ventrolaterally which are lacking in S. dispar. In

the female the anterior bar of the vagina possesses

a simple dark ring centrally, and laterally it is

slightly produced laterad. The internal plate is

V-shaped, but with small anterior knobs.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5-6.5 mm. Color

brown; forewing brown of several shades, marked

with irregular, lighter and darker transverse bands

(cf. Figure 37). Fifth sternum with anterolateral

process length of sternum in male, half length of

sternum in female. Male genitalia: Ninth segment

with anterolateral margin broadly rounded. Tenth

tergite in lateral aspect with tip elongate and

slightly upturned; in dorsal aspect with tip produced as a narrowly elongate, rounded lobe.

Clasper with basal segment long, slightly inflated

apicad; apical segment with tip pointed in dorsal

aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical

sections meeting at about 120°; apical section

slightly sinuate, tip enlarged; internally with a

slender mesal structure and a pair of ventrolateral

plates which open laterally when the mesal structure is everted. Female genitalia: Internal plate

in posterodorsal aspect roughly V-shaped, with

small anterolateral knobs. Vagina with anterior

bar bearing short lateral processes which are directed primarily laterad; centrally with a small

ringlike pore.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, VERACRUZ, near Huatusco, 25-26 July 1965, Flint and

Ortiz. USNM Type 72712. Paratypes: Same data,

1 $ 9 $. Fortin de las Flores, 24 July 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, 1 $ ; same, but 17 May 1964, Blanton

et al., 5 $ . Cordoba, 7 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz

1 $ . Near El Encero, route 140, km 347, 22 July

1965, Flint and Ortiz, 29 $. TABASCO: Ri6 Puyacatengo, E of Teapa, 28-29 July 1966, Flint and

Ortiz, 7 $ 12 $. CHIAPAS: Tecpatari, 2-3 September 1946, A. Dampf, 7 $ (INHS and USNM). Copainala, 4 September 1946, A. Dampf, 1 $ (INHS).

7.8 miles E of Pichucalco, 27-28 July 1966, Flint

and Ortiz, 1 $ 3 $ . El Chorreadero, near Chiapa
NUMBER 167 43

de Corzo, 11 August 1967, O. S. Flint, Jr., 11 3

3 9. Soyalo, route 195, km 24, 10 August 1967,

O. S. Flint, Jr., 1 $ 33 $ . San Cristobal, 19 December 1937, A. Dampf, 1$ (INHS). Finca Vergel,

27 October 1945, A. Dampf, 5 $ (INHS and

USNM). San Geronimo, 11 March 1938, A. Dampf,

1 $ (INHS). Finca Esperanza, 8 March 1938, A.

Dampf, 23 3 (INHS and USNM); same, but 26

April 1938, 1 $ (INHS); same, but 30 April 1938,

2 $ (USNM); same, but 4 May 1938, 1 $ (INHS);

same, but 5 May 1938, 3 $ (INHS); same, but 6

May 1938, 2 $ (USNM); same, but 30 May 1938,

1 $ (INHS); same, but 16 June 1938, 4 $ (INHS);

same, but 30 June 1938, 1$ (INHS); same, but

12 September 1938, 1$ (USNM); same, but 20

September 1938, 1$ (INHS); same, but 13-26

March 1939, 3 $ (INHS); same, but 26-31 March

1939, 2^2 9 (USNM); same, but 13 April 1939,

1$ (INHS); same, but 26-30 April 1939, 5 $

(INHS); same, but 28 May 1939, Is (INHS);

same, but 10 June 1939, 1 $ (USNM). Finca Fortuna, 9 May 1938, A. Dampf, 25 $ (INHS and

USNM); same, but 12 May 1938, 1 $ (INHS).

Finca Victoria, 15 May 1938, A. Dampf, 1 $

(INHS).

GUATEMALA: SOLOLA: Panajachel, 20 July

1965, P. J. Spangler, 1 $ . CHIMALTENANGO: Chimaltenango, 19 July 1965, P. J. Spangler, 14 $ 5 $ .

BAJA VERA PAZ: Puente Las Burras, route 5, km

156, 22-24 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 2 3 3 $ . ALTA

VERA PAZ: Cacao, Trece Aguas, September 4,

Schwartz and Barber, 1 9. Finca Holandia, near

Santa Cruz, 23-24 June 1966, Flint and Ortiz, 1 9 .

HONDURAS: FRANCISCO MORAZAN: Tegucigalpa, 24 July 1918, F. J. Dyer, 1 9. COMAYAGUA:

Rancho Chiquito, SE of Flores, 2-3 August 1967,

O. S. Flint, Jr., 11 9.

BIOLOGY.—Adults have been taken almost exclusively at lights. Most of these localities have

been adjacent to rather small streams of 5-10

meters in width, with shallow riffles. Many of the

streams are rather fully shaded by marginal forests, whereas others are open to the full sun.

29. Smicridea (R.) veracruzensis, new species

FIGURES 41, 174-177, 213-214

This, the third species of the dispar group, is

not as closely related as the other two. The long,

slightly bowed apical section of the aedeagus of

this species is very different from that of the others.

In the female, the anterior bar of the vagina

possesses long, posteriorly directed lateral processes,

and the central pore is a more complex structure

than in the other two species. The internal plate

is more U-shaped, with a broader anterior connection between the lateral arms.

ADULT.—Length of forewing 5.5-6.5 mm. Color

brown; forewing brown of several shades, marked

with irregular, lighter, and darker transverse bands

(cf. Figure 37). Fifth sternum with anterolateral

process barely longer than sternum in male, a bit

shorter than sternum in female. Male genitalia:

Ninth segment with anterolateral margin broadly

rounded. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with apex

produced into a small, rounded, upturned lobe;

in dorsal aspect with tip broadly rounded. Clasper

with basal segment long, dorsal margin sinuate;

apical segment with tip produced into a point in

dorsal aspect. Aedeagus tubular, with basal and

apical sections meeting at about 90°; apical section long, slender, and gently arched; tip internally

with a slender mesal structure and lateral plates

which open laterad when the mesal structure is

exserted. Female genitalia: Internal plate in posterodorsal aspect broadly U-shaped, with anterior

connection broad. Vagina with anterior bar with

long, posteriorly directed lateral processes, central

pore borne on a complex sclerite.

IMMATURE STAGES.—Unknown.

MATERIAL.—Holotype, male: MEXICO, VERACRUZ, Cordoba, 28 July 1965, Flint and Ortiz.

USNM Type 72713. Paratypes: Same, but 13

August 1964, P. J. Spangler, 66 9 ; same, but 6-9

November 1966, A. B. Lau, 89 ; same, but 11-20

November 1966, 11 9 . Fortin de las Flores, 17 May

1964, Blanton, et al, 4$. Cuitlahuac, 10-12 August 1964, P. J. Spangler, 1 $ 10 9 . Ri6 Tacolapan,

route 180, km 551, 25-26 July 1966, Flint and

Ortiz, 87 $ 81 9 . HIDALGO: Mixquiahuala, 17 June

1934, A. Dampf, at light, 1 $ (INHS). 3 miles E

of Zimapan, 6400', 31 July-1 August 1963, Duckworth and Davis, 1 $ 1 9. CHIAPAS: El Chorreadero, near Chiapa de Corzo, 11 August 1967, Flint

and Ortiz, 1 «J 3 9 • Chiapa de Corzo, 26 July 1926,

A. Dampf, 1 3 (INHS).

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: 20 miles NW

of Huehuetenango, 8-10 August 1967, O. S. Flint,

Jr., 1 s 1 9 -
44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

BIOLOGY.—Although the adults of this species

are frequently taken at lights together with those

of S. dithyra, other aspects of the biology are unclear. The two larger collections were taken near

small, clear streams 3-5 meters wide, flowing

through forests, and with many lateral springs.

Literature Cited

Banks, Nathan

1901. A List of Neuropteroid Insects from Mexico. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 27:

361-371.

1903a. Some New Neuropteroid Insects. Journal of the

New York Entomological Society, 11:236-243.

1903b. Neuropteroid Insects from Arizona. Proceedings of

the Entomological Society of Washington, 5:237-

245.

1905. Descriptions of New Nearctic Neuropteroid Insects.

Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 32:1-20.

1913. Synopses and Descriptions of Exotic Neuroptera.

Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 39:201-242.

Denning, D. G.

19.56. Trichoptera. Pages 237-270 in R. L. Usinger,

Aquatic Insects of California. Berkeley, California.

Fischer, F. C. J.

1961. Philopotamidae, Hydroptilidae, Stenopsychidae.

Trichopterorum Catalogus, 2:1-189.

1963. Hydropsychidae, Arctopsychidae. Trichopterorum

Catalogus, 4:1-223.

1972. Supplement to Volumes III and IV. Trichopterorum

Catalogus, 13:1-172.

Flint, Oliver S., Jr.

1967. Studies of Neotropical Caddis Flies, V: Types of

the Species Described by Banks and Hagen. Proceedings of the United States National Museum,

123 (3619): 1-37.

Hagen, Hermann

1861. Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America.

Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 4(l):xx + l347.

Kimmins, D. E.

1957. Lectotypes of Trichoptera from the McLachlan

Collection Now in the British Museum (Natural

History). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural

History), Entomology, 6(4):91-126.

Kimmins, D. E., and D. G. Denning

1951. The McLachlan Types of North American Trichoptera in the British Museum. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 44:111-140.

McLachlan, Robert

1871. On New Forms, etc., of Extra-European Trichopterous Insects. Journal of the Linnean Society of

London, Zoology, 11:98-141.

Milne, Lorus J.

1936. Studies in North American Trichoptera. Part 3,

pages 56-128. Cambridge Massachusetts.

Mosely, Martin E., and D. E. Kimmins

1953. The Trichoptera (Caddis-flies) of Australia and

Netv Zealand. 550 pages. London: British Museum

(Natural History).

Miiller, Fritz

1879. Notes on the Cases of Some South Brazilian Trichoptera. Transactions of the Entomological Society

of London, 1879:131-144.

Navas, L.

1918. Insecta nova. IV series. Memorie della Pontificia

Accademia Romana dei Nuovi Lincei, series II, 4:

13-23.

1920. Insectos sudamericanos (la serie). Anales de la

Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, 90:33-43.

1924. Insectos de la America Central. Brotiria, Sine

Zoologica, 21:55-86.

Ross, Herbert H.

1938. Lectotypes of North American Caddis Flies in the

Museum of Comparative Zoology. Psyche, 45:1-61.

1944. The Caddis Flies, or Trichoptera, of Illinois. Bulletin of the Illinois Natural History Survey, 23 (1):

1-326.

1947. Descriptions and Records of North American Trichoptera, with Synoptic Notes. Transactions of the

American Entomological Society, 73:125-168.

1952. Lectotypes of Hagen Species Belonging to Certain

Families of Trichoptera. Psyche, 59:31-36.

I Timer, Georg

1905. Zur Kenntniss aussereuropaischer Trichopteren.

Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 66:1-119.

1907a. Neue Trichopteren. Notes from the Ley den Museum, 29:1-53.

1907b. Trichopteren. Part 60 in P. Wytsman, Genera Insectorum. 259 pages. Brussels, Belgium.

1913. Verzichnis der siidamerikanischen Trichopteren,

mit Bemerkungen iiber einzelne Arten. Deutsche

Entomologische, Zeitschrift, 1913:383-414.
NUMBER 167 45

45

51

49

FIGURES 44-51.—Male genitalia. Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan: 44, lateral; 45, dorsal; 46, tip

of aedeagus, dorsal; 47, aedeagus, lateral. S. varia (Banks): 48, lateral; 49, dorsal; 50, tip of

aedeagus, dorsal; 51, aedeagus, lateral.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

55

56

59

53

FIGURES 52-59.—Male genitalia. Srnicridea bivittata (Hagen): 52, lateral; 53, dorsal; 54, tip of

aedeagus, dorsal; 55, acdeagus, lateral. 5. unicolor (Banks): 56, lateral; 57, dorsal; 58, tip of

aedeagus, dorsal; 59, aedeagus, lateral.
NUMBER 167 47

60

64

65

FIGURES 60-67.—Male genitalia. Smicridea breviuncata, new species: 60, lateral; 61, dorsal; 62, tip

of aedeagus, dorsal; 63, aedeagus, lateral. 5. pipila, new species: 64, lateral; 65, dorsal; 66,

aedeagus, dorsal; 67, aedeagus, lateral.
48

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 68-77.—Female genitalia. Smicridea fasciatelta McLachlan: 68, lateral; 69, dorsal;

70, vagina ventral; 71, vagina, lateral. S. varia (Banks): 72, vagina, lateral; 73, vagina, ventral.

S. bivittata (Hagen): 74, ninth tergum, lateral; 75, vagina, ventral. S. breviuncata, new species:

76, ninth tergum, lateral; 77, vagina, ventral.
NUMBER 167

49

FIGURES 78-85.—Male genitalia. Smicridea caldwelli Ross: 78, lateral; 79, dorsal; 80, aedeagus,

ventral; 81, aedeagus, lateral. S. dampfi, new species: 82, lateral; 83, dorsal; 84, aedeagus, ventral;

85, aedeagus, lateral.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FIGURES 86-93.—Male genitalia. Smicridea nahuatl, new species: 86, lateral; 87, dorsal; 88,

aedeagus, ventral; 89, aedeagus, lateral. 5. cholta, new species: 90, lateral; 91, dorsal; 92, aedeagus,

ventral; 93, aedeagus, lateral.
NUMBER 167 51

FIGURES 94-101 Male genitalia. Smicridea turrialbana, new species: 94, lateral; 95, dorsal;

96, aedeagus, ventral; 97, aedeagus, lateral. S. calopa, new species: 98, lateral; 99, dorsal; 100,

aedeagus, ventral; 101, aedeagus, lateral.
52 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

107

FIGURES 102-109.—Male gcnitalia. Stnicridea ulva, new species: 102, lateral; 103, dorsal; 104,

aedcagus, ventral; 105, aedeagus, lateral. 5. cuna, new species: 106, lateral; 107, dorsal; 108,

aedeagus, ventral; 109, aedeagus, lateral.
NUMBER 167 53

112

117

FIGURES 110-119 Female vagina. Smicridea caldwelli Ross: 110, ventral; 111, lateral. S. nahuatl,

new species: 112, ventral; 113, lateral. S. turrialbana, new species: 114, ventral. S. cuna, new

species: 115, ventral. S. cholta, new species: 116, ventral; 117, lateral. S. calopa, new spedes:

118, ventral; 119, lateral.
54

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

125

FIGURES 120-127.—Male genitalia. Smicridea matagalpa, new species: 120, lateral; 121, dorsal;

122, aedeagus, ventral; 123, aedeagus, lateral. S. tarasca, new species: 124, lateral; 125, dorsal;

126, apex of aedeagus, dorsal; 127, aedeagus, lateral.
NUMBER 167 55

136

133

FIGURES 128-136.—Smicridea campana, new species, male genitalia: 128, lateral; 129, dorsal;

130, aedeagus, ventral; 131, aedeagus, lateral. S. pipila, new species, female vagina: 132, lateral;

133, ventral. 5. tarasca, new species, female vagina: 134, ventral; 135, lateral. S. matagalpa, new

species, female vagina: 136, ventral.
56

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

138

142

144

FIGURES 137-144.—Male genitalia. Smicridea signata (Banks): 1S7, lateral; 138, dorsal; 139, tip

of aedeagus, dorsal; 140, aedeagus, lateral. 5. bifurcata, new spedes: 141, lateral; 142, dorsal;

143, tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 144, aedeagus, lateral.
NUMBER 167 57

150

FIGURES 145-152.—Male genitalia. Smicridea inarmata, new spedes: 145, lateral; 146, dorsal;

147, tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 148, aedeagus, lateral. S. arizonensis, new species: 149, lateral;

150, dorsal; 151, aedeagus, lateral; 152, tip of aedeagus, dorsal.
58

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

158

FIGURES 153-161.—Male genitalia. Smicridea salta, new species: 153, lateral; 154, dorsal; 155, tip

of aedeagus, dorsal; 156, aedeagus, lateral. Smicridea acuminata, new species: 157, lateral;

158, dorsal; 159, aedeagus, lateral; 160, tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 161, tip of aedeagus, with

internal sclerites everted, lateral.
NUMBER 167 59

167

169

FIGURES 162-169.—Male genitalia. Smicridea radula, new species: 162, lateral; 163, dorsal; 164,

tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 165, aedeagus, lateral. S. talamanca, new species: 166, lateral; 167, dorsal;

168, aedeagus, lateral; 169, tip of aedeagus, dorsal.
60

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

172

:

175

FIGURES 170-177.—Male genitalia. Smicridea zanclophora, new species: 170, lateral; 171, dorsal;

172. tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 173, aedeagus, lateral. 5. veracruzensis, new species: 174, lateral;

175, dorsal; 176, tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 177, aedeagus, lateral.
NUMBER 167 61

183

186

FIGURES 178-186—Male genitalia. Smicridea dispar (Banks): 178, lateral; 179, dorsal; 180, tip

of aedeagus, dorsal; 181, aedeagiis, lateral. S. dithyra, new species: 182, lateral; 183, dorsal;

184, tip of aedeagus, dorsal; 185, aedeagus, lateral; 186, tip of aedeagus, with internal sclerites

everted, lateral.
62

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

FICUKES 187-198.—Female genitalia. Smicridea signata (Banks): 187, ninth tergum, lateral;

188, internal plate, posterodorsal; 189, vagina, ventral. S. bifurcata, new species: 190, ninth

tergum, lateral; 191, internal plate, posterodorsal; 192, vagina, ventral. S. salta, new spedes:

19S, ninth tergum lateral; 194, internal plate, posterodorsal; 195, vagina, ventral. S. arizonensis,

new species: 196, vagina, ventral; 197, ninth tergum, lateral; 198, internal plate, posterodorsal.
NUMBER 167 63

FIGURES 199-214 Female genitalia. Smicridea radula, new species: 199, vagina, ventral; 200,

ninth tergum, lateral; 201, internal plate, posterodorsal; 202, internal plate, lateral. S. zanclophora, new species: 203, vagina, ventral; 204, internal plate, posterodorsal. S. acutninata,

new species: 205, internal plate, posterodorsal; 206, vagina, ventral. 5. talamanca, new species:

207, vagina, ventral; 208, internal plate," posterodorsal. S. dispar (Banks): 209, internal plate,

posterodorsal; 210, vagina, ventral. 5. dithyra, new species: 211, vagina, ventral; 212, internal

plate, posterodorsal. S. veracruzensis, new species: 213, internal plate, posterodorsal; 214, vagina,

ventral.
64 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY

219

FIGURES 215-219.—Larval head and pronotum, dorsal: 215, Smicridea dispar (Banks); 216, S.

varia (Banks); 217, S. fasciatella McLachlan; 218, S. bivittata (Hagen); 219, S. signata (Banks).
NUMBER 167 65

220 222

221

FIGURES 220-227.—Larval structures. Smicridea fasciatella McLachlan: 220, frontodypeus; 221,

mandibles. S. bivittata (Hagen): 222, frontoclypeus; 223, mandibles. S. dispar (Banks): 224,

frontodypeus; 225, mandibles. S. signata (Banks): 226, frontoclypeus; 227, mandibles.

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