HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

811

1995 T72.11

tries since the end of the cold war, compared

to $7,300,000,000 a year in such agreements

prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

(8) In recent years the vast majority of

United States arms transfers to developing

countries are to countries with an undemocratic form of government whose citizens,

according to the Department of State Country Reports on Human Rights Practices do

not have the ability to peaceably change

their form of government.

(9) Although a goal of United States foreign policy should be to work with foreign

governments and international organizations

to reduce militarization and dictatorship and

therefore prevent conflicts before they arise,

during 4 recent deployments of United States

Armed Forces—to the Republic of Panama,

the Persian Gulf, Somalia, and Haiti—such

Armed Forces faced conventional weapons

that had been provided or financed by the

United States to undemocratic governments.

(10) The proliferation of conventional arms

and conflicts around the globe are multilateral problems, and the fact that the United

States has emerged as the world’s primary

seller of conventional weapons, combined

with the world leadership role of the United

States, signifies that the United States is in

a position to seek multilateral restraints on

the competition for the transfers of conventional weapons.

(11) The Congress has the constitutional

responsibility to participate with the executive branch in decisions to provide military

assistance and arms transfers to a foreign

government, and in the formulation of a policy designed to reduce dramatically the level

of international militarization.

(12) A decision to provide military assistance and arms transfers to a government

that is undemocratic, does not adequately

protect human rights, is currently engaged

in acts of armed aggression, or is not fully

participating in the United Nations Register

of Conventional Arms, should require a higher level of scrutiny than does a decision to

provide such assistance and arms transfers

to a government to which these conditions

do not apply.

SEC. 3176. PURPOSE.

The purpose of this chapter is to provide

clear policy guidelines and congressional responsibility for determining the eligibility of

foreign governments to be considered for

United States military assistance and arms

transfers.

SEC. 3177. PROHIBITION OF UNITED STATES MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND ARMS

TRANSFERS TO CERTAIN FOREIGN

GOVERNMENTS.

(a) PROHIBITION.—Except as provided in

subsections (b) and (c), beginning on and

after October 1, 1996, United States military

assistance and arms transfers may not be

provided to a foreign government for a fiscal

year unless the President certifies to the

Congress for that fiscal year that such government meets the following requirements;

(1) PROMOTES DEMOCRACY,—Such

government—

(A) was chosen by and permits free and fair

elections;

(B) promotes civilian control of the military and security forces and has civilian institutions controlling the policy, operation,

and spending of all new enforcement and security institutions, as well as the armed

forces;

(C) promotes the rule of law, equality before the law, and respect for individual and

minority rights, including freedom to speak,

publish, associate, and organize; and

(D) promotes the strengthening of political, legislative, and civil institutions of democracy, as well as autonomous institutions

to monitor the conduct of public officials

and to combat corruption.

(2) RESPECTS HUMAN RIGHTS.—Such

government—

(A) does not engage in gross violations of

internationally recognized human rights,

including—

(i) extra judicial or arbitrary executions;

(ii) disappearances;

(iii) torture or severe mistreatment;

(iv) prolonged arbitrary imprisonment;

(v) systematic official discrimination on

the basis of race, ethnicity, religion, gender,

national origin, or political affiliation; and

(vi) grave breaches of international laws of

war or equivalent violations of the laws of

war in internal conflicts;

(B) vigorously investigates, disciplines,

and prosecutes those responsible for gross

violations of internationally recognized

human rights;

(C) permits access on a regular basis to political prisoners by international humanitarian organizations such as the International Committee of the Red Cross;

(D) promotes the independence of the judiciary and other official bodies that oversee

the protection of human rights;

(E) does not impede the free functioning of

domestic and international human rights organizations; and

(F) provides access on a regular basis to

humanitarian organizations in situations of

conflict or famine.

(3) NOT ENGAGED IN CERTAIN ACTS OF ARMED

AGGRESSION.—Such government is not currently engaged in the acts of armed aggression in violation of international law.

(4) FULL PARTICIPATION IN U.N. REGISTER OF

CONVENTIONAL ARMS.—Such government is

fully participating in the United Nations

Register of Conventional Arms.

(b) REQUIREMENT FOR CONTINUING COMPLIANCE.—Any certification with respect to a

foreign government for a fiscal year under

subsection (a) shall cease to be effective for

that fiscal year if the President certifies to

the Congress that such government has not

continued to comply with the requirements

contained in paragraphs (1) through (4) of

such subsection.

(c) EXEMPTIONS.—The prohibition contained in subsection (a) shall not apply with

respect to a foreign government for a fiscal

year if—

(1)(A) the President submits a request for

an exemption to the Congress containing a

determination that it is in the national security interest of the united States to provide

military assistance and arms transfer to

such government; and

(B) the Congress enacts a law approving

such exemption request (including a law containing an approval of such a request); or

(2) the President determines that an emergency exists under which it is vital to the interest of the United States to provide military assistance and arms transfer to such

government.

(d) NOTIFICATIONS TO CONGRESS.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall submit to the Congress initial certifications

under subsection (a) and requests for exemptions under subsection (c)(1) in conjunction

with the submission of the annual request

for enactment of authorizations and appropriations for foreign assistance programs for

a fiscal year and shall, where appropriate,

submit additional or amended certifications

and requests for exemptions at any time

thereafter in the fiscal year.

(2) DETERMINATION WITH RESPECT TO EMERGENCY SITUATIONS.—The President shall submit to the Congress at the earliest possible

date reports containing determinations with

respect to emergencies under subsection

(c)(2). Each such report shall contain a description of—

(A) the nature of the emergency;

(B) the type of military assistance and

arms transfers provided to the foreign government; and

(C) the cost to the United States of such

assistance and arms transfers.

SEC. 3178. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.

It is the sense of the Congress that the

Committee on International Relations of the

House of Representatives and the Committee

on Foreign Relations of the Senate should

hold hearings on—

(1) controversial certifications submitted

under section 3177(a).

(2) all requests for exemptions submitted

under section 3177(c)(1); and

(3) all determinations with respect to

emergencies under section 3177(c)(2).

SEC. 3179. UNITED STATES MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND ARMS TRANSFERS DEFINED.

For purposes of this chapter, the terms

‘‘United States military assistance and arms

transfers’’ and ‘‘military assistance and

arms transfers’’ means—

(1) assistance under chapter 2 of part II of

the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating

to military assistance), including the transfer of excess defense articles under section

516 of that Act;

(2) assistance under chapter 5 of part II of

the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating

to international military education and

training); or

(3) the transfer of defense articles, defense

services, or design and construction services

under the Arms Export Control Act (excluding any transfer or other assistance under

section 23 of such Act), including defense articles and defense services licensed or approved for export under section 38 of that

Act.

It was decided in the Yeas ....... 157 ! negative ....................... Nays ...... 262

T72.11 [Roll No. 351]

AYES—157

Abercrombie

Ackerman

Barrett (WI)

Becerra

Beilenson

Berman

Bishop

Boehlert

Bonior

Borski

Boucher

Brown (CA)

Brown (OH)

Bryant (TX)

Cardin

Clay

Clayton

Clement

Clyburn

Coleman

Collins (IL)

Collins (MI)

Condit

Conyers

Costello

Coyne

Danner

DeFazio

Dellums

Diaz-Balart

Dixon

Doggett

Dooley

Dornan

Durbin

Ehlers

Engel

Eshoo

Evans

Farr

Fattah

Fields (LA)

Filner

Flake

Foglietta

Ford

Frank (MA)

Furse

Gephardt

Gordon

Green

Gutierrez

Hall (OH)

Hastings (FL)

Hefner

Hilliard

Hinchey

Horn

Houghton

Hoyer

Jackson-Lee

Jacobs

Johnson (SD)

Johnston

Kanjorski

Kaptur

Kasich

Kennedy (MA)

Kennedy (RI)

Kildee

Lantos

Leach

Levin

Lewis (GA)

Lincoln

Lipinski

LoBiondo

Lowey

Luther

Maloney

Manton

Markey

Martinez

McCarthy

McDermott

McHale

McKinney

Meehan

Meek

Menendez

Mfume

Miller (CA)

Mineta

Minge

Mink

Moakley

Morella

Nadler

Neal

Oberstar

Obey

Orton

Owens

Pallone

Pastor

Payne (NJ)

Pelosi

Peterson (MN)

Pomeroy

Porter

Poshard

Rahall

Rangel

Reed

Reynolds

Richardson

Rivers

Rohrabacher

Rose

Roybal-Allard

Rush

Sabo

Sanders

Sawyer

Schiff

Schroeder

Scott

Serrano

Skaggs

Slaughter

Smith (NJ)

Stark

Stokes

Studds

Stupak

Tanner

Thompson

Torres

Torricelli

Towns

Traficant

Tucker

Velazquez

Vento

Volkmer

Ward

Waters

Watt (NC)

Waxman

Williams
JOURNAL OF THE

812

T72.12 MAY 24

Wise

Wolf

Woolsey

Wyden

Wynn

Yates

Zimmer

NOES—262

Allard

Archer

Armey

Bachus

Baesler

Baker (CA)

Baker (LA)

Baldacci

Ballenger

Barcia

Barr

Barrett (NE)

Bartlett

Barton

Bass

Bentsen

Bereuter

Bevill

Bilbray

Bilirakis

Bliley

Blute

Boehner

Bonilla

Bono

Brewster

Browder

Brown (FL)

Brownback

Bryant (TN)

Bunn

Bunning

Burr

Burton

Buyer

Callahan

Camp

Canady

Castle

Chabot

Chambliss

Chapman

Chenoweth

Christensen

Chrysler

Clinger

Coble

Coburn

Collins (GA)

Combest

Cooley

Cox

Cramer

Crane

Crapo

Cremeans

Cunningham

Davis

de la Garza

Deal

DeLauro

DeLay

Deutsch

Dickey

Dicks

Dingell

Doolittle

Doyle

Dreier

Duncan

Dunn

Edwards

Ehrlich

Emerson

English

Ensign

Everett

Ewing

Fawell

Fields (TX)

Flanagan

Foley

Forbes

Fowler

Fox

Franks (CT)

Franks (NJ)

Frelinghuysen

Frisa

Frost

Funderburk

Gallegly

Ganske

Gejdenson

Gekas

Geren

Gibbons

Gilchrest

Gillmor

Gilman

Gonzalez

Goodlatte

Goodling

Goss

Graham

Greenwood

Gunderson

Gutknecht

Hall (TX)

Hamilton

Hancock

Harman

Hastert

Hastings (WA)

Hayes

Hayworth

Hefley

Heineman

Herger

Hilleary

Hobson

Hoekstra

Hoke

Holden

Hostettler

Hunter

Hutchinson

Hyde

Inglis

Istook

Jefferson

Johnson (CT)

Johnson, E. B.

Johnson, Sam

Jones

Kelly

Kennelly

Kim

King

Kingston

Klink

Klug

Knollenberg

Kolbe

LaFalce

LaHood

Largent

Latham

LaTourette

Laughlin

Lazio

Lewis (CA)

Lewis (KY)

Lightfoot

Linder

Livingston

Lofgren

Longley

Lucas

Manzullo

Martini

Mascara

Matsui

McCollum

McCrery

McHugh

McInnis

McIntosh

McKeon

McNulty

Metcalf

Mica

Molinari

Mollohan

Montgomery

Moorhead

Murtha

Myers

Myrick

Nethercutt

Neumann

Ney

Norwood

Nussle

Ortiz

Oxley

Packard

Parker

Paxon

Payne (VA)

Petri

Pickett

Pombo

Portman

Pryce

Quillen

Quinn

Radanovich

Ramstad

Regula

Riggs

Roberts

Roemer

Rogers

Ros-Lehtinen

Roth

Roukema

Royce

Salmon

Sanford

Saxton

Schaefer

Schumer

Seastrand

Sensenbrenner

Shadegg

Shaw

Shays

Shuster

Skeen

Skelton

Smith (MI)

Smith (TX)

Smith (WA)

Solomon

Souder

Spence

Spratt

Stearns

Stenholm

Stockman

Stump

Talent

Tate

Tauzin

Taylor (MS)

Taylor (NC)

Tejeda

Thomas

Thornberry

Thornton

Thurman

Tiahrt

Torkildsen

Upton

Visclosky

Vucanovich

Waldholtz

Walker

Walsh

Wamp

Watts (OK)

Weldon (FL)

Weldon (PA)

Weller

White

Whitfield

Wicker

Wilson

Young (AK)

Young (FL)

Zeliff

NOT VOTING—15

Andrews

Bateman

Calvert

Cubin

Fazio

Hansen

Kleczka

McDade

Meyers

Miller (FL)

Moran

Olver

Peterson (FL)

Scarborough

Sisisky

So the amendment was not agreed to.

After some further time,

T72.12 RECORDED VOTE

A recorded vote by electronic device

was ordered in the Committee of the

Whole on the following amendment

submitted by Mr. WYNN:

In section 3414 of the bill (in subsection (e)

of section 711 of the Foreign Assistance Act

of 1961)—

(1) in paragraph (1) of such subsection (e),

strike ‘‘$3,000,000’’ and insert ‘‘$15,000,000’’;

(2) redesignate paragraph (2) of such subsection as paragraph (3); and

(3) insert after paragraph (1) of such subsection the following new paragraph:

‘‘(2) USE OF AMOUNTS FOR LATIN AMERICA

AND THE CARIBBEAN.—Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1)

for fiscal years 1996 and 1997, $12,000,000 for

each such fiscal year shall be made available

for the sale, reduction, and cancellation of

loans, or portions thereof, for countries in

Latin America and the Caribbean.

It was decided in the Yeas ....... 125 ! negative ....................... Nays ...... 297

T72.13 [Roll No. 352]

AYES—125

Abercrombie

Ackerman

Andrews

Barrett (WI)

Becerra

Beilenson

Bentsen

Berman

Bishop

Bonior

Brown (CA)

Brown (FL)

Brown (OH)

Bryant (TX)

Cardin

Clay

Clayton

Clement

Clyburn

Coleman

Collins (IL)

Collins (MI)

Coyne

de la Garza

DeLauro

Dellums

Deutsch

Dicks

Dixon

Doggett

Dooley

Edwards

Engel

Evans

Farr

Fattah

Filner

Flake

Foglietta

Frank (MA)

Frost

Gejdenson

Gephardt

Gonzalez

Gutierrez

Hall (OH)

Hamilton

Hastings (FL)

Hefner

Hilliard

Hinchey

Hoyer

Jackson-Lee

Jefferson

Johnson, E. B.

Johnston

Kennedy (MA)

Kennedy (RI)

LaFalce

Lantos

Lewis (GA)

Lofgren

Lowey

Maloney

Manton

Markey

Martinez

Matsui

McKinney

Meek

Menendez

Mfume

Miller (CA)

Mineta

Mink

Moakley

Mollohan

Moran

Murtha

Nadler

Neal

Oberstar

Olver

Ortiz

Owens

Pallone

Pastor

Payne (NJ)

Pelosi

Rangel

Reed

Reynolds

Richardson

Rose

Roybal-Allard

Rush

Sabo

Sawyer

Schumer

Scott

Serrano

Skaggs

Slaughter

Stark

Stokes

Studds

Tejeda

Thompson

Thurman

Torres

Torricelli

Towns

Tucker

Velazquez

Vento

Visclosky

Waters

Watt (NC)

Waxman

Williams

Wilson

Wise

Woolsey

Wynn

Yates

NOES—297

Allard

Archer

Armey

Bachus

Baesler

Baker (CA)

Baker (LA)

Baldacci

Ballenger

Barcia

Barr

Barrett (NE)

Bartlett

Barton

Bass

Bateman

Bereuter

Bevill

Bilbray

Bilirakis

Bliley

Blute

Boehlert

Boehner

Bonilla

Bono

Borski

Boucher

Brewster

Browder

Brownback

Bryant (TN)

Bunn

Bunning

Burr

Burton

Buyer

Callahan

Camp

Canady

Castle

Chabot

Chambliss

Chapman

Chenoweth

Christensen

Chrysler

Clinger

Coble

Coburn

Collins (GA)

Combest

Condit

Cooley

Costello

Cox

Cramer

Crane

Crapo

Cremeans

Cunningham

Danner

Davis

Deal

DeFazio

DeLay

Diaz-Balart

Dickey

Dingell

Doolittle

Dornan

Doyle

Dreier

Duncan

Dunn

Durbin

Ehlers

Ehrlich

Emerson

English

Ensign

Eshoo

Everett

Ewing

Fawell

Fields (LA)

Fields (TX)

Flanagan

Foley

Forbes

Ford

Fowler

Fox

Franks (CT)

Franks (NJ)

Frelinghuysen

Frisa

Funderburk

Furse

Gallegly

Ganske

Gekas

Geren

Gibbons

Gilchrest

Gillmor

Gilman

Goodlatte

Goodling

Gordon

Goss

Graham

Greenwood

Gunderson

Gutknecht

Hall (TX)

Hancock

Harman

Hastert

Hastings (WA)

Hayes

Hayworth

Hefley

Heineman

Herger

Hilleary

Hobson

Hoekstra

Hoke

Holden

Horn

Hostettler

Houghton

Hunter

Hutchinson

Hyde

Inglis

Istook

Jacobs

Johnson (CT)

Johnson (SD)

Johnson, Sam

Jones

Kanjorski

Kaptur

Kasich

Kelly

Kennelly

Kildee

Kim

King

Kingston

Klink

Klug

Knollenberg

Kolbe

LaHood

Largent

Latham

LaTourette

Laughlin

Lazio

Leach

Levin

Lewis (CA)

Lewis (KY)

Lightfoot

Lincoln

Linder

Lipinski

Livingston

LoBiondo

Longley

Lucas

Luther

Manzullo

Martini

Mascara

McCarthy

McCollum

McCrery

McHale

McHugh

McInnis

McIntosh

McKeon

Meehan

Metcalf

Mica

Miller (FL)

Minge

Molinari

Montgomery

Moorhead

Morella

Myers

Myrick

Nethercutt

Neumann

Ney

Norwood

Nussle

Obey

Orton

Oxley

Packard

Parker

Paxon

Payne (VA)

Peterson (MN)

Petri

Pickett

Pombo

Pomeroy

Porter

Portman

Poshard

Pryce

Quillen

Quinn

Radanovich

Rahall

Ramstad

Regula

Riggs

Rivers

Roberts

Roemer

Rogers

Rohrabacher

Ros-Lehtinen

Roth

Roukema

Royce

Salmon

Sanders

Sanford

Saxton

Scarborough

Schaefer

Schiff

Schroeder

Seastrand

Sensenbrenner

Shadegg

Shaw

Shays

Shuster

Sisisky

Skeen

Skelton

Smith (MI)

Smith (NJ)

Smith (TX)

Smith (WA)

Solomon

Souder

Spence

Spratt

Stearns

Stenholm

Stockman

Stump

Stupak

Talent

Tanner

Tate

Tauzin

Taylor (MS)

Taylor (NC)

Thomas

Thornberry

Thornton

Tiahrt

Torkildsen

Traficant

Upton

Volkmer

Vucanovich

Waldholtz

Walker

Walsh

Wamp

Ward

Watts (OK)

Weldon (FL)

Weldon (PA)

Weller

White

Whitfield

Wicker

Wolf

Wyden

Young (AK)

Young (FL)

Zeliff

Zimmer

NOT VOTING—12

Calvert

Conyers

Cubin

Fazio

Green

Hansen

Kleczka

McDade

McDermott

McNulty

Meyers

Peterson (FL)

So the amendment was not agreed to.

After some further time,

T72.14 RECORDED VOTE

A recorded vote by electronic device

was ordered in the Committee of the

Whole on the following amendment

submitted by Mr. SMITH of New Jersey

to the amendment submitted by Mr.

BEREUTER:

Amendment submitted by Mr.

SMITH of New Jersey: