FILED

United States Court of Appeals

Tenth Circuit

July 7, 2015

Elisabeth A. Shumaker

Clerk of Court

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

TENTH CIRCUIT

 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

THOMAS FELIX AFLAGUE,

Defendant - Appellant.

No. 14-8075

(D.C. No. 2:14-CR-00026-NDF-2)

(D. Wyo.)

 

ORDER AND JUDGMENT*

 

Before PORFILIO, BALDOCK, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.**

 

In August 2014, Defendant Thomas Aflague pleaded guilty to conspiracy to

possess 500 grams or more of methamphetamine with intent to distribute. See 21

U.S.C. §§ 846, 841(a)(1), and 841(b)(1)(A). The pre-sentence investigation report

concluded Defendant qualified as a career offender pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 4B.1. The

report calculated Defendant’s offense level to be 34 and his criminal history category

*

 After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determinations of this

appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore

ordered submitted without oral argument. 

** This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the

doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited,

however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir.

R. 32.1.
to be VI, yielding an advisory guideline sentencing range of 262 to 327 months. 

Defendant then filed a Motion for Sentence Variance seeking the statutory mandatory

minimum sentence of 120 months. See 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(A). In October 2014,

the district court varied downward and sentenced him to 200 months’ imprisonment. 

Defendant appealed. We exercise jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3742(a) and

affirm.

After careful review, Defendant’s counsel concluded that Defendant’s appeal

presents no factually or legally non-frivolous issues. Counsel therefore submitted

an Anders brief and an accompanying Motion to Withdraw. See Anders v.

California, 386, U.S. 738 (1967). Counsel disagreed with Defendant’s position that

the sentence was excessive and substantively unreasonable. Counsel concluded,

inter alia, that a sentence 62 months below the advisory guideline range does not

support a meritorious appeal. Having reviewed the record and counsel’s Anders

brief, we agree.

Notably, in response to the Anders brief, Defendant raised, for the first time,

four claims regarding ineffective assistance of counsel. But we have held that

“ineffective assistance of counsel claims should be brought in collateral proceedings,

not on direct appeal.” United States v. Galloway, 56 F.3d 1239, 1240 (10th Cir.

1995). When brought on direct appeal, such claims are “presumptively dismissible,

and virtually all will be dismissed.” Id. In this case, we have reviewed the record

and are unable to discern the validity of his claims based upon the record before us. 

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See United States v. Flood, 635 F.3d 1255, 1260 (10th Cir. 2011). Therefore,

Defendant must raise the issue of ineffective assistance in an collateral proceeding

under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, should he choose to do so at all. 

We therefore AFFIRM the district court’s disposition, GRANT counsel’s

Motion to Withdraw, and DISMISS Defendant’s claims of ineffective assistance

of counsel without prejudice to allow Defendant to properly assert ineffective

assistance of counsel in a collateral proceeding.

Entered for the Court,

Bobby R. Baldock

United States Circuit Judge

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