Maryland Timber Industry:

An Assessment of Timber 

Product Output and Use

2008

Brian F. Walters

Daniel R. Rider

Ronald J. Piva

United States United States

Department of Department of 

Agriculture Agriculture

Forest Service Forest Service

Northern Northern 

Research Station Research Station

Resource Bulletin Resource Bulletin

NRS-64
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Abstract

In 2008, there were 30 primary wood-processing mills in Maryland, 1 more than in 2004. 

These mills processed 47.9 million cubic feet of industrial roundwood, of which 20.8 million 

cubic feet was harvested from within the State. Another 8.3 million cubic feet of the industrial 

roundwood harvested in Maryland was sent to primary wood-processing mills in other 

states and countries. The majority of roundwood harvested was for saw logs and pulpwood, 

accounting for 50 percent and 43 percent of the total, respectively. The harvesting of 

industrial roundwood products generated 16.8 million cubic feet of harvest residues. Primary 

wood-processing mills generated 446,320 green tons of mill residues, with less than 1 

percent of those residues not used for other products.

Cover Photo

Pine plantation and regeneration, Garrett County, MD, 2009. Photo by Jack Perdue, 

Maryland DNR.

Manuscript received for publication 11 October 2011
Contents

Introduction .......................................................................................................................1

Study Methods ..................................................................................................................2

Primary Timber Industry in Maryland

 Industrial Roundwood ....................................................................................................4

 Saw Logs ........................................................................................................................7

 Other Products ...............................................................................................................7

 Timber Removals ...........................................................................................................8

 Harvest Intensity ............................................................................................................9

 Primary Mill Residues ................................................................................................... 10

Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 11

Literature Cited ............................................................................................................... 11

Defi nition of Terms ......................................................................................................... 12

Common and Scientifi c Names of Tree Species by Species Group .......................... 17

Tables ..............................................................................................................................20
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1

INTRODUCTION

Maryland’s wood products manufacturing industry1 employs 8,300 workers 

and has an output of more than $2 billion (U.S. Census Bureau 2007). Given 

the economic importance of the State’s wood products industry, the purpose of 

this bulletin is to analyze recent Maryland forest industry trends and report the 

results of a detailed study of forest industry, industrial roundwood production, 

and associated primary mill wood and bark residue in 2008. Such detailed 

information is necessary for intelligent planning and decisionmaking in wood 

procurement, economic research, forest resources management, and forest 

industry development.

Th e last detailed study of all industrial roundwood output in Maryland, done in 

2004, was conducted for the 2007 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment 

(Smith et al. 2009) and is used as a basis of comparison for most of this study’s 

results. When new surveys are completed, errors and omissions from previous 

surveys are corrected. As a result of our ongoing eff orts to improve the survey’s 

effi ciency and reliability, changes may have been made to the previous survey’s 

data. All comparisons and analysis in this report are based on the reprocessed 

data from earlier surveys, which may not match earlier published data. Rows 

and columns of supporting tables may not sum due to rounding, but data in 

each table cell are accurately displayed.

Information about the forest resources of Maryland is available at the Forest 

Inventory and Analysis Web site at: http://nrs.fs.fed.us/fi a/data-tools/statereports/MD

Th e Authors

BRIAN F. WALTERS is a forester 

with the Forest Inventory and 

Analysis (FIA) program at the 

Northern Research Station in St. 

Paul, MN. He received a B.S. in 

forestry in 2005 and an M.S. in 

geographic information science 

in 2008 from Michigan State 

University.

DANIEL R. RIDER is program 

manager of Forest Stewardship and 

Utilization within the Maryland 

Department of Natural Resources 

Forest Service.

RONALD J. PIVA is a forester with 

the FIA program at the Northern 

Research Station in St. Paul, 

MN. He received a B.S. in forest 

management from the University of 

Missouri-Columbia in 1984 and 

joined the Forest Service in 1987.

1

North American Industry Classifi cation System (NAICS) 321 - wood product 

manufacturing and NAICS 322 - paper manufacturing.
2

STUDY METHODS

Th is study was a cooperative eff ort between the Maryland Department of Natural Resources 

(MD DNR) and the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) unit at the Northern Research 

Station (NRS) of the U.S. Forest Service. Th e FIA program is responsible for providing 

forest resource statistics for all ownerships across the United States, including timber product 

outputs.

MD DNR personnel surveyed all known primary wood-using mills, using questionnaires 

supplied by NRS. Th e questionnaires were designed to determine the size and composition 

of the State’s primary wood-using industry, its use of roundwood, and its generation and 

disposition of wood residues. Completed questionnaires were processed and analyzed by 

NRS personnel. As part of data processing, all industrial roundwood volumes reported on 

the questionnaires were converted to standard units of measure using regional conversion 

factors (Table 1). Timber removals by source of material and harvest residues generated 

during logging were estimated from standard product volumes using factors developed from 

logging utilization studies previously conducted by NRS. To provide a complete assessment 

of Maryland’s timber product output, data on the State’s industrial roundwood receipts were 

loaded into a regional timber removals database where they were supplemented with data on 

out-of-State uses of Maryland roundwood.

Certain terms used in this report—retained, exports, imports, production, and receipts—have 

specialized meanings and relationships unique to the FIA program that surveys timber product 

output (TPO) (Fig. 1).

Figure 1.—The movement of industrial roundwood.

Roundwood volume

processed by mills within

the state (both retained

and imported).

Receipts

Roundwood volume

harvested within the state

(both retained and 

exported).

Production

Roundwood volume

received from other

states.

Imports Roundwood volume

processed by mills in

the state in which it is

harvested.

Retained

Roundwood volume

transported to mills

outside the state.

Exports

Production = Retained + Exports Receipts = Retained + Imports
3

Table 1.—Conversion factors from standard units of measureProduct(Standard unit of measure)

International 

1⁄4-inch rule 

MBF

Doyle rule

 MBF Green tons

Standard 

cords

Thousand 

pieces

Thousand 

cubic feet

Saw logs and handles(MBF International 1⁄4-inch rule) 1 0.725 4.6 2 -- 158Veneer logs and cooperage(MBF International 1⁄4-inch rule) 1 0.877 4.6 2 -- 158Pulp and composite products, and industrial fuelwood(Standard cords) -- -- 2.4 1 -- 85Mine timbers(Thousand cubic feet) -- 4.307 30.4 12.7 -- 1Poles(Pieces) 6.329 0.036 0.23 0.1 1,000 7.9Posts(Thousand pieces) 5 3.623 24 10 1 790Cabin logs, excelsior/shavings, and miscellaneous products(Thousand cubic feet) 6.329 4.307 30.4 12.7 -- 1
4

PRIMARY TIMBER INDUSTRY IN MARYLAND

Industrial Roundwood

• Maryland’s primary wood-using industry included 27 sawmills, 1 pulp/composite 

product mill, and 2 mills that produced other products (Table 2, Fig. 2). Th ere was 1 

more sawmill than in 2004.

• Receipts of industrial roundwood at Maryland primary wood-using mills totaled 47.9 

million cubic feet, an increase of 5 percent from the 45.7 million cubic feet received in 

2004 (Table 3).

• Forty-three percent of the industrial roundwood processed by Maryland’s primary 

wood-using mills was harvested from within the State. West Virginia was the largest 

supplier of imported wood, supplying 36 percent of the total industrial roundwood 

processed (Table 4, Fig. 3).

Figure 2.—Maryland Forest Inventory Units and location of primary wood-using mills, 2008.

Figure 3.—Flow of industrial roundwood (thousand cubic feet) to Maryland primary wood-using mills, 2008.

North Central

Western

Southern

Lower

Eastern

Shore

Mill Type

Sawmill

Pulp/Composite Product Mill

Other Mill Type

Forest Inventory Units

Counties

West Virginia

17,173

Pennsylvania

4,737

Virginia

4,088

Delaware

1,065

New York

51

Maryland

20,816

Imported 27,114

Retained 20,816

Total Mill Receipts

47,930
5

• Seventy-four percent of the industrial roundwood processed by Maryland’s primary 

wood-using mills was made up of hardwoods. Yellow-poplar, red oaks, white oaks, soft 

maple, and black cherry combined accounted for more than 50 percent of the total 

volume processed. Loblolly/shortleaf pine was the top species group processed, with 19 

percent of total volume.

• Industrial roundwood production increased by 16 percent, from 25.2 million cubic feet 

in 2004 to 29.1 million cubic feet in 2008 (Table 5, Fig. 4).

• Seventy-two percent of industrial roundwood harvested in Maryland was retained for 

processing by primary wood-using mills in the State. A majority of exports, 70 percent, 

went to primary wood processors in Pennsylvania. Th e remainder of the exports went 

to West Virginia, Virginia, Delaware, and other countries (Table 6, Fig. 5). 

Figure 4.—Industrial roundwood production by major species group and survey year, Maryland 

(U.S. Department of Agriculture 1955, Ferguson 1967, Bones and Brodie 1977, Wharton and 

Mullarkey 1993, Smith et al. 2009).

Figure 5.—Flow of industrial roundwood (thousand cubic feet) harvested in Maryland, 2008.

Year

Industrial Roundwood Production

(million cubic feet)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Softwoods Hardwoods Total

1952

1960 19631970 19751980 19851990 2000 2004

2008
6

• Industrial roundwood harvests were relatively balanced among the Forest Inventory 

Units, with the Lower Eastern Shore unit the top producer at 8.8 million cubic feet (30 

percent), followed by the North Central unit (7.9 million cubic feet, 27 percent), the 

Western unit (7.4 million cubic feet, 26 percent), and the Southern unit (5.0 million 

cubic feet, 17 percent).

• Loblolly/shortleaf pine was the most harvested species group for industrial roundwood; 

however, hardwood species combined accounted for a much greater proportion of the 

total harvest than softwoods. Yellow-poplar, red oaks, white oaks, soft maple, and black 

cherry made up the majority of hardwood production (Fig. 6).

• Saw logs accounted for 50 percent of the total industrial roundwood produced in 2008. 

Pulp and composite product mills were the second largest consumers of Maryland’s 

industrial roundwood production, using 43 percent of the total production (Table 8, 

Fig. 7).

Figure 6.—Industrial roundwood production by species group, Maryland, 2008.

Figure 7.—Industrial roundwood production by product and survey year, Maryland (U.S. Department 

of Agriculture 1955, Ferguson 1967, Bones and Brodie 1977, Wharton and Mullarkey 1993, Smith et al. 

2009). a Production levels of veneer logs and other products are not available in the 2004 survey.

Saw Logs Veneer Logsa Pulpwood Other Productsa

0

10

20

30

40

1952

1963

19751985

2004

2008

Industrial Roundwood Production

(million cubic feet)

Product

0

2

4

6

8

10

Loblolly/Shortleaf

Pine Group

Yellow-Poplar

Red Oak Group

White Oak Group

Soft Maple

Black Cherry

All Other Hardwoods

All Other

Softwoods

Industrial Roundwood Production

(million cubic feet)

Species Group
7

Saw Logs

• Receipts at Maryland sawmills totaled 113.7 million board feet in 2008, an increase of 

4 percent from 109.3 million board feet in 2004 (Table 9).

• Saw log production increased by 5 percent between 2004 and 2008, from 81.2 million 

board feet to 85.6 million board feet.

• Yellow-poplar and loblolly/shortleaf pine each accounted for 23 percent of the total saw 

log harvest. Other important species groups harvested for saw logs were red oaks, white 

oaks, soft maple, and sweetgum (Fig. 8).

Other Products

• Pulpwood, at 12.5 million cubic feet, was the second most harvested product from 

Maryland in 2008 (Table 5), an increase of 9 percent from the 11.5 million cubic feet 

harvested in 2004. See Johnson et al. 2011 for the results of a national pulpwood study 

conducted for 2008.

• Veneer log production, at 169,000 cubic feet, made up less than 1 percent of industrial 

roundwood harvests, a decrease of 97 percent from the peak of Maryland veneer 

production in 1985.

• Industrial roundwood production for other products, including cooperage, mine 

timbers, posts, poles, and pilings, amounted to 2 million cubic feet, or 7 percent 

of total production. Softwood species accounted for 98 percent of the total volume 

harvested for other products.

• Residential fuelwood is not included in this report.

Figure 8.—Saw log production by species group, Maryland, 2004 and 2008.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Loblolly/Shortleaf

Pine Group

Yellow-Poplar

Red Oak Group

White Oak Group

Soft Maple

All Other HardwoodsAll Other

Softwoods

Sweetgum

2004 2008

Saw Log Production

(million board feet)

Species Group
8

Timber Removals

• During the harvest of industrial roundwood from Maryland’s forests, 45.9 million 

cubic feet of wood material was cut with 29.1 million cubic feet (63 percent) used for 

primary wood products (Table 10, Fig. 9).

• Growing-stock sources, at 29.5 million cubic feet, were the largest component of 

removals for industrial roundwood production. Eighty-six percent of the growing stock 

removed was used for products with 14 percent left as logging residue. Sawtimber-size 

trees accounted for 84 percent of the growing-stock volume that was used for products.

• Non-growing-stock sources of industrial roundwood production amounted to 16.4 

million cubic feet of wood material removed. Only 22 percent of this material was used 

for products; the remainder was left on the ground as logging slash. Fifty percent of 

the non-growing-stock material used for industrial roundwood came from the limbs of 

growing-stock trees, with another 39 percent coming from cull trees.

• Th irty-one percent of the total growing-stock material removed from Maryland’s 

timberland came from the Lower Eastern Shore Forest Inventory Unit, followed by 

the North Central unit with 29 percent, the Western unit with 20 percent, and the 

Southern unit with 19 percent (Table 11).

• Nearly 129 million board feet was removed from Maryland’s sawtimber inventory. 

Loblolly/shortleaf pine, yellow-poplar, red oaks, white oaks, and soft maple accounted 

for 78 percent of the total sawtimber volume removed (Table 12).

• Th e harvest of industrial roundwood from Maryland’s forests left 16.8 million cubic 

feet of wood material on the ground as harvest residues (Table 13).

Figure 9.—Distribution of timber removals for industrial roundwood by source of material, Maryland, 2008.

Sawtimber-Size

Trees 47%

Poletimber-Size

Trees 9%

Saplings, Limbwood,

Cull, Dead, and NonForest Trees 8%

Logging Slash

28%

Logging Residue

9%

Utilized

Industrial

Roundwood

Non-Utilized

Harvest

Residues

Sawtimber-Size Trees

Poletimber-Size Trees

Logging Residue

Growing-Stock Sources

Non-Growing-Stock Sources

Saplings, Limbwood, Cull,

Dead, and Non-Forest Trees

Logging Slash
9

Harvest Intensity

• In 2008, there were 2.5 million acres of forest land in Maryland (Lister et al. 2010). 

Th e net volume in live trees on forest land was 6.5 billion cubic feet. Th e 45.9 million 

cubic feet of total wood material removed due to harvesting was less than 1 percent of 

the total live volume of trees (Table 10).

• Statewide, there was 62 cubic feet of annual net growth (gross growth minus mortality) 

of growing stock per acre of forest land (Miles 2010) and 18 cubic feet of harvestrelated wood removals per acre of forest land, a net growth to removals ratio of 3.44 to 

1.

• Th e average harvest intensity among Maryland counties was 17.7 cubic feet of wood 

removals per acre of forest land (Fig. 10).

• Th e Lower Eastern Shore unit had the greatest harvest intensity, with 30 cubic feet 

of wood removals per acre of forest land. Th e Southern unit had the second greatest 

intensity with 23 cubic feet of removals per forest land acre, followed by the Western 

unit (19 cu. ft./acre) and the North Central unit (12 cu. ft./acre).

Figure 10.—Harvest intensity of industrial roundwood, Maryland, 2008.

Harvest Intensity

(cubic feet of total wood material

removed per acre of forest land)

1 - 5

5.1 - 10

10.1 - 15

15.1 - 25

25.1 - 50

No Timber Harvests
10

Primary Mill Residues

• In converting industrial roundwood into products, Maryland’s primary wood-using 

industries generated a combined 446,320 green tons of coarse wood residue (slabs, 

edgings, and veneer cores), fi ne wood residue (sawdust and veneer clippings), and bark 

residue (Table 14, Fig. 11a and 11b).

• More than half of mill residues generated (54 percent) were put toward miscellaneous 

uses, such as livestock bedding and small dimension lumber. Mulch consumed 20 

percent of mill residues and fi ber products consumed 16 percent. Only 0.3 percent of 

residues generated went unused (Fig. 12).

• Th e top disposal method of coarse wood residue was fi ber products at 42 percent of 

the total, while miscellaneous uses were the top method for both fi ne wood residue (87 

percent) and bark residue (55 percent).

Figure 11.—Residues generated by primary wood-using mills by type of residue (a) and major species 

group (b), Maryland, 2008.

Figure 12.—Disposal of residue by product, Maryland, 2008.

Miscellaneous

Uses 54%

Mulch 20%

Fiber Products

16%

Domestic Fuel 5%

Industrial Fuel 5% Not Used < 1%
11

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Special thanks are given to the primary wood-using fi rms for supplying information for this 

study and to the Maryland Department of Natural Resources for its cooperation in canvassing 

survey respondents.

LITERATURE CITED

Bones, J.T.; Brodie, J.E. 1977. Th e timber industries of Maryland. Resour. Bull. NE-52. 

Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest 

Experiment Station. 20 p.

Ferguson, R.H. 1967. Th e timber resources of Maryland. Resour. Bull. NE-7. Upper Darby, 

PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment 

Station. 93 p.

Johnson, T.G.; Piva, R.J.; Walters, B.F.; [and others]. 2011. National pulpwood production, 

2008. Resour. Bull. SRS-171. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 

Southern Research Station. 57 p.

Lister, T.W.; Perdue, J.; Butler, B.; Barnett, C.; O’Connell, B. 2010. Maryland’s forest 

resources, 2008. Res. Note NRS-69. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 4 p.

Miles, P.D. 2011. Forest Inventory EVALIDator web-application version 4.01.01. St. Paul, 

MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Available 

only on Internet: http://apps.fs.fed.us/Evalidator/tmattribute.jsp. [Accessed August 31, 

2011].

Smith, W.B.; Miles, P.D.; Perry, C.H.; Pugh, S.A. 2009. Forest resources of the United 

States, 2007. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-78. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 

Forest Service, Washington Offi ce. 336 p.

U.S. Census Bureau. 2007. 2007 Economic Census, Maryland—Table 2 Selected Statistics 

by Economic Sector and Subsector: 2007. Generated by Brian Walters using American 

FactFinder; <http://factfi nder.census.gov>. [Accessed April 6, 2011].

U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1955. Th e timber resource in Maryland. Upper Darby, PA: 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 41 

p.

Wharton, E.H.; Mullarkey, K. 1993. Forest products industries of the southern MiddleAtlantic states, 1985 - 1986. Resour. Bull. NE-129. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 40 p.
12

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Board foot. Unit of measure applied to roundwood. It relates to lumber that is 1 foot long, 1 

foot wide, and 1 inch thick (or its equivalent).

Bolt. A short log no more than 8 feet long, to be sawn for lumber, peeled or sliced for veneer, 

shaved for excelsior, or converted into shingles, cooperage stock, dimension stock, blocks, 

blanks, or other products.

Central stem. Th e portion of a tree between a 1-foot stump and the minimum 4.0-inch top 

diameter outside bark, or point where the central stem breaks into limbs.

Coarse mill residue. Wood residue suitable for chipping such as slabs, edgings, and veneer 

cores.

Commercial species. Tree species presently or prospectively suitable for industrial wood 

products. (Note: Excludes species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality such as 

hophornbeam, Osage-orange, and redbud.)

Cull removals. Net volume of rough and rotten trees plus the net volume in sections of the 

central stem of growing-stock trees that do not meet regional merchantability standards but are 

harvested for industrial roundwood products.

Diameter at breast height (d.b.h.). Th e outside bark diameter at 4.5 feet above the forest fl oor 

on the uphill side of the tree. For determining breast height, the forest fl oor includes the duff 

layer that may be present, but does not include unincorporated woody debris that may rise 

above the ground line.

Doyle rule. A simple log rule or formula for estimating the board-foot volume of logs based 

on a 4-inch slabbing allowance to square the log. Th is rule is used in the Eastern and Southern 

United States.

Exports. Th e volume of roundwood utilized by mills outside the state where the timber was 

harvested.

Fine mill residue. Wood residue not suitable for chipping, such as sawdust and veneer 

clippings.

Forest land. Land at least 10 percent stocked with trees of any size, or formerly having had 

such tree cover, and not currently developed for nonforest use. (Note: Stocking is measured 

by comparing specifi ed standards with basal area and/or number of trees, age or size, and 

spacing.) Th e minimum area for classifi cation of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and 

shelterbelt strips of timber must have a crown width of at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. 

Unimproved roads and trails, streams or other bodies of water, or clearings in forest areas shall 

be classifi ed as forest if less than 120 feet wide.
13

Growing-stock removals. Th e growing-stock volume removed from timberland by harvesting 

industrial roundwood products. (Note: Includes sawtimber removals, poletimber removals, and 

logging residues.)

Growing-stock tree. A live timberland tree of commercial species that meets specifi ed standards 

of size, quality, and merchantability. (Note: Excludes rough, rotten, and dead trees.)

Growing-stock volume. Net volume of growing-stock trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger, from 

1 foot above the ground to a minimum 4.0-inch top diameter outside bark of the central stem 

or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.

Hardwoods. Dicotyledonous trees, usually broad-leaved and deciduous.

Harvest residues. Th e total net volume of unused portions of trees cut or killed by logging. 

(Note: Includes both logging residues and logging slash.)

Industrial fuelwood. A roundwood product, with or without bark, used to generate energy at 

manufacturing facilities and schools, correctional institutions, or electric generating plants.

Imports. Th e volume of roundwood delivered to a mill or group of mills in a specifi c state but 

harvested outside that state.

Industrial roundwood exports. Th e quantity of industrial roundwood harvested in a 

geographical area and transported to other geographical areas.

Industrial roundwood imports. Th e quantity of industrial roundwood received from other 

geographical areas.

Industrial roundwood products. Saw logs, pulpwood, veneer logs, poles, commercial posts, 

pilings, cooperage logs, particleboard bolts, shaving bolts, lath bolts, charcoal bolts, and chips 

from roundwood used for pulp or board products.

Industrial roundwood production. Th e quantity of industrial roundwood harvested in a 

geographic area plus all industrial roundwood exported to other geographical areas.

Industrial roundwood receipts. Th e quantity of industrial roundwood received by commercial 

mills in a geographic area plus all industrial roundwood imported from other geographical 

areas.

Industrial roundwood retained. Th e quantity of industrial roundwood harvested from and 

processed by commercial mills within the same geographical area.

International 1⁄4-inch rule. A log rule or formula for estimating the board-foot volume of logs, 

allowing 1⁄2 inch of taper for each 4-foot length and assuming 1⁄4 inch of kerf. Th is rule is used as 

the U.S. Forest Service standard log rule in the Eastern United States.
14

Limbwood removals. Net volume of all portions of a tree other than the central stem 

(including forks, large limbs, tops, and stumps) harvested for industrial roundwood products.

Logging residue. Th e net volume of unused portions of the merchantable central stem of 

growing-stock trees cut or killed by logging.

Logging slash. Th e net volume of unused portions of the unmerchantable (non-growing stock) 

sections of trees cut or killed by logging.

Merchantable sections. Refers to sections of the central stem of growing-stock trees that meet 

either pulpwood or saw log specifi cations.

Net volume. Gross volume less deductions for rot, sweep, or other defects aff ecting use for 

roundwood products.

Noncommercial species. Trees species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality that 

normally do not develop into trees suitable for industrial roundwood products. Noncommercial 

species are listed in the volume tables as rough trees.

Nonforest land. Land that has never supported forests, and land formerly forested where use 

for timber management is precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes areas used 

for crops, active Christmas tree plantations, orchards, nurseries, improved pasture, residential 

areas, city parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clearings, powerline clearings of 

any width, and 1- to 39.9-acre areas of water classifi ed by the Bureau of the Census as land.) If 

intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforest strips must be more than 120 feet 

wide and more than 1 acre to qualify as nonforest land.

Nonforest land removals. Net volume of trees on nonforest lands harvested for industrial 

roundwood products.

Poletimber. A growing-stock tree at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. but smaller than sawtimber size (9.0 

inches d.b.h. for softwoods, 11.0 inches d.b.h. for hardwoods).

Poletimber removals. Net volume in the merchantable central stem of poletimber trees 

harvested for industrial roundwood products.

Primary wood-using mills. Mills receiving roundwood or chips from roundwood for 

processing into products such as lumber, veneer, and pulp.

Primary wood-using mill residue. Wood materials (coarse and fi ne) and bark generated at 

manufacturing plants that process industrial roundwood into principal products. Th ese residues 

include wood products obtained incidental to production of principal products and wood 

materials not utilized for some product.
15

Production. Th e quantity of roundwood material harvested in a geographic area plus all 

roundwood material exported to other geographical areas.

Receipts. Th e quantity of roundwood material received by commercial mills in a geographic 

area plus all roundwood material imported from other geographical areas.

Retained. Roundwood volume harvested from and processed by mills within the same state.

Rotten tree. A tree that does not meet regional merchantability standards because of excessive 

unsound cull.

Rough tree. A tree that does not meet regional merchantability standards because of 

excessive sound cull (includes forks, sweep and crook, and large branches or knots), including 

noncommercial tree species.

Roundwood. Logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from trees (including chips from 

roundwood).

Sapling. A live tree between 1.0 and 5.0 inches d.b.h.

Saw log portion. Th at portion of the central stem of sawtimber trees between the stump and 

the saw log top.

Saw log top. Th e point on the central stem of sawtimber trees above which a saw log cannot be 

produced. Th e minimum saw log top is 7.0 inches diameter outside bark for softwoods and 9.0 

inches diameter outside bark for hardwoods.

Sawtimber removals. As used in Table 10, sawtimber removals refers to the net volume in the 

merchantable central stem of sawtimber-size trees harvested for industrial roundwood products. 

(Note: includes the saw log and upper stem portions of sawtimber-size trees.) When referring to 

the sawtimber volume removed from timberland as in Table 12, sawtimber removals refers to 

the net volume in the saw log portion of sawtimber-size trees harvested for roundwood products 

or left on the ground as harvest residue, and is usually expressed in thousands of board feet 

(International 1⁄4-inch rule).

Sawtimber tree. A growing-stock tree containing at least a 12-foot saw log or two 

noncontiguous saw logs 8 feet or longer, and meeting regional specifi cations for freedom from 

defect. Softwoods must be at least 9.0 inches d.b.h. and hardwoods must be at least 11.0 inches 

d.b.h.

Sawtimber volume. Net volume in the saw log portion of sawtimber trees.

Softwoods. Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, having needles or scale-like leaves.

Timber product output. Th e volume of roundwood products produced from an area’s forests.
16

Timberland. Forest land that is producing, or is capable of producing, in excess of 20 cubic feet 

per acre per year of industrial roundwood products under natural conditions, is not withdrawn 

from timber utilization by statute or administrative regulation, and is not associated with urban 

or rural development.

Tree. A woody perennial plant, typically large, with a single well-defi ned stem carrying a more 

or less defi nite crown; sometimes defi ned as attaining a minimum diameter of 3 in. (7.6 cm) 

and a minimum height of 15 ft (4.6 m) at maturity. For FIA, any plant on the tree list in the 

current fi eld manual is measured as a tree.

Upper stem portion. Th at portion of the central stem of sawtimber trees between the saw log 

top and the minimum top diameter of 4.0 inches outside bark, or to the point where the central 

stem breaks into limbs.
17

COMMON AND SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF TREE SPECIES BY 

SPECIES GROUP

Softwoods

Cedars

 Atlantic white-cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides

 Eastern redcedar Juniperus virginiana

Balsam fi r Abies balsamea

Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis

Shortleaf pine Pinus echinata

Loblolly pine Pinus taeda

Red pine Pinus resinosa

White pine Pinus strobus

Other pines

 Table Mountain pine Pinus pungens

 Pitch pine Pinus rigida

 Scotch pine Pinus sylvestris

 Virginia pine Pinus virginiana

Spruce

 Norway spruce Picea abies

 White spruce Picea glauca

 Red spruce Picea rubens

Hardwoods

Ash

 White ash Fraxinus americana

 Black ash Fraxinus nigra

 Green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica

Aspen/balsam poplar

 Bigtooth aspen Populus grandidentata

 Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides

Basswood

 American basswood Tilia americana

 White basswood Tilia heterophylla

American beech Fagus grandifolia

Yellow birch Betula alleghaniensis

Other birches

 Sweet birch Betula lenta

 River birch Betula nigra

Black cherry Prunus serotina

Black walnut Juglans nigra

Elm

 Winged elm Ulmus alata

 American elm Ulmus americana

 Slippery elm Ulmus rubra
18

Hickory

 Mockernut hickory Carya alba

 Bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis

 Pignut hickory Carya glabra

 Shellbark hickory Carya laciniosa

 Shagbark hickory Carya ovata

Hard maples

 Black maple Acer nigrum

 Sugar maple Acer saccharum

Soft maples

 Boxelder Acer negundo

 Striped maple Acer pensylvanicum

 Red maple Acer rubrum

 Silver maple Acer saccharinum

 Mountain maple Acer spicatum

Red oak group

 Scarlet oak Quercus coccinea

 Southern red oak Quercus falcata

 Shingle oak Quercus imbricaria

 Pin oak Quercus palustris

 Northern red oak Quercus rubra

 Black oak Quercus velutina

White oak group

 White oak Quercus alba

 Swamp white oak Quercus bicolor

 Swamp chestnut oak Quercus michauxii

 Chinkapin oak Quercus muehlenbergii

 Chestnut oak Quercus prinus

 Post oak Quercus stellata

Sweetgum Liquidambar styracifl ua

American sycamore Platanus occidentalis

Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera

Other hardwoods

 Ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra

 Yellow buckeye Aeseulus octandra

 Common serviceberry Amelanchier arborea

 American hornbeam Carpinus caroliniana

 American chestnut Castanea dentata

 Northern catalpa Catalpa speciosa

 Hackberry Celtis occidentalis

 Eastern redbud Cercis canadensis

 Flowering dogwood Cornus fl orida

 Hawthorn spp. Crataegus spp.

 Common persimmon Diospyros virginiana

 Honeylocust Gleditsia triacanthos

 Butternut Juglans cinerea
19

 Cucumbertree Magnolia acuminata

 Mountain or Fraser magnolia Magnolia fraseri

 Umbrella magnolia Magnolia tripetala

 Apple spp. Malus spp.

 Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica

 Eastern hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana

 Sourwood Oxydendrum arboreum

 Paulownia, empress-tree Paulownia tomentosa

 Pin cherry Prunus pensylvanica

 Chokecherry Prunus virginiana

 Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia

 Black willow Salix nigra

 Sassafras Sassafras albidum

 American mountain-ash Sorbus americana
20

TABLES

Table 1.—Conversion factors from reported unit of measure to standard unit of measure (Th is 

table is in the Study Methods section.)

Table 2.—Number of active primary wood-using mills by mill type and survey year, Maryland

Table 3.—Industrial roundwood receipts, in million cubic feet, by mill type, softwoods and 

hardwoods, and survey year, Maryland

Table 4.—Industrial roundwood receipts, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, 

species group, and state of origin, Maryland, 2008

Table 5.—Industrial roundwood production, in thousand cubic feet, by product, softwoods 

and hardwoods, and survey year, Maryland

Table 6.—Industrial roundwood production, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, 

species group, and state of destination, Maryland, 2008

Table 7.—Industrial roundwood production, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, 

county, and species group, Maryland, 2008

Table 8.—Industrial roundwood production by Forest Inventory Unit, species group, and 

product, Maryland, 2008

Table 9.—Saw log receipts and production, in thousand board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule, 

by species group, Maryland, 2004 and 2008

Table 10.—Wood material harvested for industrial roundwood, in thousand cubic feet, by 

Forest Inventory Unit, source of material, and species group, Maryland, 2008

Table 11.—Growing-stock removals from timberland for industrial roundwood, in thousand 

cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 2008

Table 12.—Sawtimber removals from timberland for industrial roundwood, in thousand board 

feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 

2008

Table 13.—Harvest residue generated by industrial roundwood harvesting, in thousand cubic 

feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 2008

Table 14.—Disposition of residues produced at primary wood-using mills, in thousand 

tons, green weight, by Forest Inventory Unit, disposition, residue type, and softwoods and 

hardwoods, Maryland, 2008
21

Kind of mill Survey Yearand mill size 1952 1963 1975 1985 2004 2008Sawmills

Annual production 1 million board feet or greaterb na 57 38 na 14 15

Annual production less than 1 million board feetb na 51 53 na 12 12 Total 495 108 91 na 26 27

Pulp and composite product mills na 1 2 na 1 1

Other productsc na 4 3 na 2 2

All mills 113 96 na 29 30na = Not available.

a Mills that produce more than one product are counted only for the product they process the most of.b International 1⁄4-inch rule.c Includes plants producing mulch, mine timbers, excelsior, shavings, etc.

Table 2.—Number of active primary wood-using mills by mill type and survey year, Marylanda
22

Survey Year

Kind of mill 1952 1963 1975 1985 2004 2008

ALL SPECIES

Saw logs na na 24.2 23.7 18.4 18.9Other productsa na na na na 27.3 29.0

 Total 45.7 47.9

SOFTWOODS

Saw logs na na 6.0 7.0 6.4 5.8Other productsa na na na na 7.1 6.7

 Total 13.6 12.5

HARDWOODS

Saw logs na na 18.2 16.8 12.0 13.1Other productsa na na na na 20.2 22.3 Total 32.1 35.4na = Not available.

a Includes plants producing veneer, cooperage, handles, cabin logs, etc.

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less

Table 3.—Industrial roundwood receipts, in million cubic feet, by mill type, softwoods and hardwoods, and survey 

 than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.

year, Maryland
23

ALL UNITS

State of origin

Penn- West

Species group Total Delaware Maryland New York sylvania Virginia VirginiaSoftwoods

Cedar 0 -- 0 -- -- -- -- 

Hemlock 714 -- 32 8 351 -- 323

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 8,914 436 5,611 -- 7 2,645 215

Red pine 87 -- 72 9 6 -- 0

White pine 702 -- 55 21 325 -- 301Other pine 1,875 -- 337 8 334 20 1,176Spruce 218 -- 59 4 107 -- 47

Tamarack 13 -- -- 1 12 -- -- 

 Softwood total 12,523 436 6,166 51 1,142 2,665 2,062

Hardwoods

Ash 730 23 174 -- 110 6 416

Aspen/balsam poplar 167 18 69 -- 19 -- 60

Basswood 861 -- 239 -- 57 -- 565Beech 823 20 322 -- 53 18 410

White birch 74 18 56 -- -- -- -- 

Yellow birch 392 19 127 -- 11 -- 236

Other birch 544 18 159 -- 75 -- 291

Black cherry 2,999 3 1,243 -- 551 4 1,197

Black walnut 41 1 40 -- -- -- -- 

Elm 209 -- 68 -- 33 2 106

Hickory 1,213 2 350 -- 88 14 759Hard maple 2,090 57 535 -- 296 -- 1,202Soft maple 4,050 92 1,393 -- 676 25 1,865

Red oaks 6,205 122 2,916 -- 583 263 2,321

White oaks 5,771 71 2,300 -- 463 245 2,693

Sweetgum 735 51 643 -- -- 42 -- 

Sycamore 299 -- 101 -- 3 5 190Tupelo/gum 410 27 190 -- 27 8 158Yellow-poplar 6,630 80 3,434 -- 321 787 2,008Other hardwoods 1,163 7 291 -- 229 3 633

 Hardwood total 35,407 630 14,649 -- 3,595 1,423 15,111

State total 47,930 1,065 20,816 51 4,737 4,088 17,173

Table 4.—Industrial roundwood receipts, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, species group, and State of origin, Maryland, 2008

Table 4.—continued on next page
24

NORTH CENTRAL AND WESTERN UNITSa

State of origin

Penn- West

Species group Total Delaware Maryland New York sylvania Virginia Virginia

Softwoods

Cedar 0 -- 0 -- -- -- -- 

Hemlock 714 -- 32 8 351 -- 323Loblolly/shortleaf pine 518 -- 296 -- 7 -- 215Red pine 87 -- 72 9 6 -- 0

White pine 702 -- 55 21 325 -- 301Other pine 1,796 -- 278 8 334 -- 1,176

Spruce 218 -- 59 4 107 -- 47

Tamarack 13 -- -- 1 12 -- -- 

 Softwood total 4,048 -- 792 51 1,142 -- 2,062

Hardwoods

Ash 698 23 149 -- 110 -- 416

Aspen/balsam poplar 167 18 69 -- 19 -- 60Basswood 861 -- 239 -- 57 -- 565Beech 643 20 160 -- 53 -- 410

White birch 74 18 56 -- -- -- -- 

Yellow birch 392 19 127 -- 11 -- 236

Other birch 544 18 159 -- 75 -- 291

Black cherry 2,957 3 1,206 -- 551 -- 1,197

Black walnut 25 1 24 -- -- -- -- 

Elm 189 -- 50 -- 33 -- 106

Hickory 1,059 0 211 -- 88 -- 759

Hard maple 2,089 57 534 -- 296 -- 1,202Soft maple 3,861 92 1,228 -- 676 -- 1,865Red oaks 5,103 120 2,079 -- 583 -- 2,321

White oaks 4,798 70 1,572 -- 463 -- 2,693

Sweetgum 397 51 346 -- -- -- -- Sycamore 259 -- 66 -- 3 -- 190

Tupelo/gum 354 27 142 -- 27 -- 158

Yellow-poplar 4,172 80 1,762 -- 321 -- 2,008

Other hardwoods 1,147 7 278 -- 229 -- 633

 Hardwood total 29,789 626 10,457 -- 3,595 -- 15,111

Unit total 33,836 626 11,249 51 4,737 -- 17,173

Table 4.—continued
25

SOUTHERN UNIT

State of origin

Penn- West

Species group Total Delaware Maryland New York sylvania Virginia VirginiaSoftwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 91 -- 71 -- -- 20 -- 

Other pine 79 -- 59 -- -- 20 -- 

 Softwood total 170 -- 130 -- -- 40 -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 32 -- 25 -- -- 6 -- 

Beech 180 -- 162 -- -- 18 -- Black cherry 42 -- 38 -- -- 4 -- 

Black walnut 16 -- 16 -- -- -- -- 

Elm 20 -- 17 -- -- 2 -- 

Hickory 126 -- 113 -- -- 13 -- 

Soft maple 190 -- 165 -- -- 25 -- Red oaks 1,070 -- 809 -- -- 261 -- 

White oaks 958 -- 713 -- -- 245 -- Sweetgum 338 -- 297 -- -- 42 -- Sycamore 40 -- 35 -- -- 5 -- 

Tupelo/gum 56 -- 48 -- -- 8 -- 

Yellow-poplar 2,459 -- 1,671 -- -- 787 -- Other hardwoods 16 -- 13 -- -- 3 -- 

 Hardwood total 5,542 -- 4,122 -- -- 1,420 -- 

Unit total 5,712 -- 4,253 -- -- 1,459 -- 

Table 4.—continued on next page
26

Table 4.—continued

LOWER EASTERN SHORE UNIT

State of origin

Penn- West

Species group Total Delaware Maryland New York sylvania Virginia VirginiaSoftwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 8,305 436 5,244 -- -- 2,625 -- 

 Softwood total 8,305 436 5,244 -- -- 2,625 -- 

Hardwoods

Hickory 29 1 26 -- -- 1 -- 

Soft maple 1 -- 1 -- -- -- -- 

Red oaks 32 2 29 -- -- 1 -- White oaks 16 1 14 -- -- 1 --  Hardwood total 77 4 70 -- -- 4 -- 

Unit total 8,382 439 5,314 -- -- 2,629 -- 

a Combined to avoid disclosure of individual mills.

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less

 than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
27

Survey Year

Product 1952 1963 1975 1985 2004 2008

ALL SPECIES

Saw logs 37,700 36,872 23,576 22,274 13,711 14,415Veneer logs 1,600 3,597 3,571 5,666 na 169Pulpwood 7,300 11,039 14,041 14,610 11,451 12,476Other productsa 6,100 6,646 1,598 1,335 na 2,040

 Total 52,700 58,154 42,786 43,885 25,162 29,099

SOFTWOODS

Saw logs 22,300 13,469 5,251 6,055 4,357 3,510Veneer logs 0 222 2,770 4,293 na -- Pulpwood 6,000 5,800 8,839 8,653 4,308 4,510Other productsa 2,000 3,713 1,173 1,223 na 1,991

 Total 30,300 23,204 18,033 20,224 8,665 10,010

HARDWOODS

Saw logs 15,400 23,403 18,325 16,219 9,354 10,906Veneer logs 1,600 3,375 801 1,373 na 169Pulpwood 1,300 5,239 5,202 5,957 7,143 7,966Other productsa 4,100 2,933 425 112 na 49

 Total 22,400 34,950 24,753 23,661 16,497 19,089na = Not available.

a Includes plants producing cooperage, mine timers, post, poles, pilings, excelsior, etc.

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.

Table 5.—Industrial roundwood production, in thousand cubic feet, by product, softwoods and hardwoods, and survey year, Maryland
28

ALL UNITS

State of destination

Penn- West Other

Species group Total Delaware Maryland sylvania Virginia Virginia countriesSoftwoods

Cedar 0 -- 0 -- -- -- -- Hemlock 32 -- 32 -- -- -- -- Loblolly/shorleaf pine 8,979 -- 5,611 3,317 50 -- -- Red pine 83 -- 72 -- -- 12 -- White pine 85 -- 55 24 -- 6 -- Other pine 770 -- 337 385 45 2 -- Spruce 61 -- 59 3 -- -- --  Softwood total 10,010 -- 6,166 3,729 95 20 -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 236 -- 174 43 0 8 11Aspen/balsam poplar 75 -- 69 2 -- 3 -- Basswood 331 -- 239 19 -- 73 -- Beech 399 -- 322 77 -- 1 -- White birch 56 -- 56 -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 127 -- 127 -- -- -- -- Other birch 192 -- 159 33 -- -- -- Black cherry 1,643 1 1,243 74 1 276 48Black walnut 52 -- 40 12 0 -- -- Cottonwood 4 -- -- 4 -- -- -- Elm 119 -- 68 27 -- 24 -- Hickory 419 -- 350 68 -- 1 -- Hard maple 646 -- 535 21 -- 34 55Soft maple 1,960 53 1,393 240 13 178 84Red oaks 3,442 20 2,916 256 19 119 113White oaks 2,903 14 2,300 327 67 59 137Sweetgum 891 34 643 178 36 -- -- Sycamore 148 -- 101 37 -- 10 -- Tupelo/gum 270 15 190 53 -- 12 -- Yellow-poplar 4,824 14 3,434 563 41 773 -- Other hardwoods 353 -- 291 53 -- 9 --  Hardwood total 19,089 151 14,649 2,088 177 1,577 447

State total 29,099 151 20,816 5,817 272 1,597 447

Table 6.—Industrial roundwood production, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, species group, and State of destination, Maryland, 2008
29

NORTH CENTRAL UNIT

State of destination

Penn- West Other

Species group Total Delaware Maryland sylvania Virginia Virginia countriesSoftwoods

Cedar 0 -- 0 -- -- -- -- Hemlock 1 -- 1 -- -- -- -- Loblolly/shortleaf pine 445 -- 231 214 -- -- -- White pine 42 -- 18 24 -- -- -- Other pine 233 -- 15 207 12 -- -- Spruce 7 -- 5 3 -- -- --  Softwood total 729 -- 270 447 12 -- -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 128 -- 93 35 0 -- -- Aspen/balsam poplar 57 -- 55 2 -- -- -- Basswood 1 -- 0 1 -- -- -- Beech 149 -- 89 60 -- -- -- White birch 52 -- 52 -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 68 -- 68 -- -- -- -- Other birch 82 -- 53 28 -- -- -- Black cherry 132 0 72 60 0 -- -- Black walnut 47 -- 34 12 0 -- -- Cottonwood 4 -- -- 4 -- -- -- Elm 11 -- -- 11 -- -- -- Hickory 181 -- 123 58 -- -- -- Hard maple 175 -- 174 1 -- -- -- Soft maple 492 5 313 173 -- -- -- Red oaks 1,617 5 1,397 215 0 -- -- White oaks 1,002 3 820 159 21 -- -- Sweetgum 422 3 274 145 -- -- -- Sycamore 78 -- 51 27 -- -- -- Tupelo/gum 106 -- 72 34 -- -- -- Yellow-poplar 2,220 2 1,715 499 3 -- -- Other hardwoods 96 -- 53 43 -- -- --  Hardwood total 7,122 19 5,509 1,570 25 -- -- 

Unit total 7,850 19 5,779 2,016 36 -- -- 

Table 6.—continued on next page
30

SOUTHERN UNIT

State of destination

Penn- West Other

Species group Total Delaware Maryland sylvania Virginia Virginia countriesSoftwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 612 -- 365 197 50 -- -- Other pine 432 -- 223 175 33 -- --  Softwood total 1,044 -- 588 372 83 -- -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 22 -- 22 0 0 -- -- Basswood 1 -- 1 0 -- -- -- Beech 208 -- 193 15 -- -- -- Black cherry 44 -- 41 3 0 -- -- Black walnut 5 -- 5 -- -- -- -- Elm 18 -- 17 0 -- -- -- Hickory 110 -- 104 6 -- -- -- Soft maple 231 -- 198 20 13 -- -- Red oaks 736 -- 700 18 19 -- -- White oaks 675 -- 606 22 46 -- -- Sweetgum 307 -- 257 14 36 -- -- Sycamore 31 -- 30 0 -- -- -- Tupelo/gum 45 -- 42 3 -- -- -- Yellow-poplar 1,498 -- 1,405 56 38 -- -- Other hardwoods 14 -- 13 1 -- -- --  Hardwood total 3,944 -- 3,634 159 151 -- -- 

Table 6.—continued

Unit total 4,987 -- 4,222 531 235 -- -- 
31

LOWER EASTERN SHORE UNIT

State of destination

Penn- West Other

Species group Total Delaware Maryland sylvania Virginia Virginia countriesSoftwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 7,922 -- 5,015 2,906 -- -- -- Other pine 3 -- -- 3 -- -- --  Softwood total 7,924 -- 5,015 2,909 -- -- -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 27 -- 24 3 0 -- -- Aspen/balsam poplar 1 -- 1 -- -- -- -- Beech 17 -- 15 2 -- -- -- White birch 4 -- 4 -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 4 -- 4 -- -- -- -- Other birch 4 -- 4 -- -- -- -- Black cherry 5 1 2 2 -- -- -- Hickory 16 -- 14 1 -- -- -- Hard maple 1 -- 1 -- -- -- -- Soft maple 255 48 176 32 -- -- -- Red oaks 150 16 118 15 -- -- -- White oaks 87 11 68 8 -- -- -- Sweetgum 162 31 113 19 -- -- -- Sycamore 1 -- 1 -- -- -- -- Tupelo/gum 86 15 63 9 -- -- -- Yellow-poplar 55 12 37 7 -- -- -- Other hardwoods 19 -- 18 1 -- -- --  Hardwood total 893 132 661 100 0 -- -- 

Unit total 8,817 132 5,676 3,009 0 -- -- 

Table 6.—continued on next page
32

Table 6.—continued

WESTERN UNIT

State of destination

Penn- West Other

Species group Total Delaware Maryland sylvania Virginia Virginia countriesSoftwoods

Hemlock 31 -- 31 -- -- -- -- Red pine 83 -- 72 -- -- 12 -- White pine 43 -- 37 0 -- 6 -- Other pine 102 -- 99 1 -- 2 -- Spruce 54 -- 54 -- -- -- --  Softwood total 314 -- 293 1 -- 20 -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 58 -- 36 4 0 8 11Aspen/balsam poplar 17 -- 13 -- -- 3 -- Basswood 329 -- 238 18 -- 73 -- Beech 26 -- 25 -- -- 1 -- Yellow birch 56 -- 56 -- -- -- -- Other birch 107 -- 102 5 -- -- -- Black cherry 1,462 -- 1,129 9 0 276 48Black walnut 0 -- -- 0 0 -- -- Elm 90 -- 50 15 -- 24 -- Hickory 112 -- 109 2 -- 1 -- Hard maple 470 -- 360 20 -- 34 55Soft maple 981 -- 706 14 -- 178 84Red oaks 940 -- 701 8 0 119 113White oaks 1,139 -- 806 138 0 59 137Sycamore 38 -- 18 10 -- 10 -- Tupelo/gum 32 -- 13 8 -- 12 -- Yellow-poplar 1,050 -- 277 1 -- 773 -- Other hardwoods 224 -- 207 8 -- 9 --  Hardwood total 7,131 -- 4,846 260 1 1,577 447

Unit total 7,445 -- 5,139 261 1 1,597 447All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
33

Softwoods Hardwoods

Loblolly/ Aspen/

Forest Inventory All shortleaf Red White Other Total balsam Bass- White Yellow OtherUnit and county species Cedar Hemlock pine pine pine pine Spruce softwoods Ash poplar wood Beech birch birch birchNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 745 0 -- 26 -- 13 71 -- 111 20 1 -- 13 -- -- 1Baltimore 706 -- -- -- -- 2 13 1 16 10 9 -- 6 6 6 6Caroline 507 -- -- 186 -- -- 31 -- 217 0 -- -- 1 -- 0 0Carroll 286 -- -- -- -- 14 -- -- 14 3 2 -- 0 1 5 2Cecil 784 -- -- 0 -- -- 5 -- 5 2 -- -- 41 -- 3 1Frederick 380 -- -- 7 -- -- 9 -- 16 20 7 -- 2 6 6 6Harford 1,358 -- -- 6 -- -- 7 -- 13 22 5 -- 46 5 15 26Howard 298 0 -- 15 -- 10 0 -- 26 1 5 -- 0 4 4 4Kent 359 -- -- 12 -- -- -- -- 12 4 -- -- 5 -- -- -- Montgomery 387 -- -- -- -- 1 7 6 14 3 10 -- 4 8 8 8Prince George's 876 -- -- 4 -- -- 88 -- 93 6 -- -- 13 -- -- 1Queen Anne's 358 -- -- 20 -- -- -- -- 20 12 5 -- 0 4 4 4Talbot 556 -- -- 169 -- -- 0 -- 170 15 15 -- 16 15 15 15Washington 250 -- 1 -- -- 1 1 -- 3 10 -- 1 0 2 2 7 Unit total 7,850 0 1 445 -- 42 233 7 729 128 57 1 149 52 68 82

Southern Unit

Calvert 628 -- -- -- -- -- 7 -- 7 0 -- -- 60 -- -- -- Charles 2,016 -- -- 69 -- -- 131 -- 200 22 -- -- 49 -- -- -- St. Mary's 2,343 -- -- 543 -- -- 294 -- 837 -- -- 1 99 -- -- --  Unit total 4,987 -- -- 612 -- -- 432 -- 1,044 22 -- 1 208 -- -- -- 

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 2,100 -- -- 1,819 -- -- 2 -- 1,821 -- 1 -- 1 1 1 1Somerset 2,143 -- -- 2,031 -- -- -- -- 2,031 13 -- -- 0 0 0 0Wicomico 3,059 -- -- 2,821 -- -- -- -- 2,821 4 -- -- 7 2 2 2Worcester 1,515 -- -- 1,251 -- -- 0 -- 1,251 11 -- -- 8 1 1 1 Unit total 8,817 -- -- 7,922 -- -- 3 -- 7,924 27 1 -- 17 4 4 4

Western Unit

Allegany 1,593 -- -- -- -- 3 96 -- 99 22 1 62 -- -- -- 11Garrett 5,852 -- 31 -- 83 40 6 54 215 36 16 267 26 -- 56 95 Unit total 7,445 -- 31 -- 83 43 102 54 314 58 17 329 26 -- 56 107

State total 29,099 0 32 8,979 83 85 770 61 10,010 236 75 331 399 56 127 192

Table 7.—Industrial roundwood production, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 2008

Table 7.—continued on next page
34

Table 7.—continued

Hardwoods

Forest Inventory Black Black Cotton- Hard Soft Red White Sweet- Syca- Tupelo/ Yellow- Other TotalUnit and county cherry walnut wood Elm Hickory maple maple oaks oaks gum more gum poplar hardwoods hardwoodsNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 5 14 -- 0 22 -- 15 79 81 80 3 14 276 8 634Baltimore 14 8 -- 0 21 -- 29 180 64 3 15 5 304 5 690Caroline 3 -- -- -- 4 -- 68 86 28 45 2 7 41 4 290Carroll 9 0 -- -- 10 -- 6 110 47 -- -- 2 75 1 272Cecil 18 6 -- -- 23 -- 51 212 65 48 13 1 267 31 779Frederick 3 1 -- 0 10 0 7 105 101 -- 2 5 82 1 364Harford 51 8 -- 6 20 -- 73 337 152 86 6 11 459 17 1,345Howard 6 0 -- -- 10 -- 23 67 29 0 3 1 113 0 272Kent 1 -- -- -- 5 -- 63 38 50 64 -- 3 109 6 347Montgomery 12 1 4 2 1 1 20 104 62 -- 10 3 106 5 373Prince George's 7 7 -- 1 34 -- 48 104 154 20 17 22 342 6 783Queen Anne's 2 0 -- 2 17 -- 51 67 87 50 -- 13 19 1 338Talbot 0 1 -- -- 2 46 36 87 48 27 5 19 17 9 386Washington 0 0 -- -- 3 129 4 42 34 -- 0 0 11 0 247 Unit total 132 47 4 11 181 175 492 1,617 1,002 422 78 106 2,220 96 7,122

Southern Unit

Calvert 9 -- -- 2 30 -- 27 81 120 34 20 8 231 1 622Charles 18 5 -- 16 37 -- 65 354 303 205 10 18 705 8 1,816St. Mary's 17 -- -- -- 43 -- 139 301 252 67 0 20 562 5 1,506 Unit total 44 5 -- 18 110 -- 231 736 675 307 31 45 1,498 14 3,944

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 3 -- -- -- 15 -- 61 93 37 38 -- 16 9 2 279Somerset 0 -- -- -- -- 1 37 5 13 27 1 12 -- 1 112Wicomico 1 -- -- -- 0 -- 59 32 14 47 -- 32 29 8 238Worcester 1 -- -- -- 0 0 99 19 22 50 -- 26 17 7 263 Unit total 5 -- -- -- 16 1 255 150 87 162 1 86 55 19 893

Western Unit

Allegany 90 0 -- 46 38 124 112 220 472 -- 38 31 190 39 1,494Garrett 1,372 -- -- 44 75 346 870 719 668 -- -- 1 860 186 5,637 Unit total 1,462 0 -- 90 112 470 981 940 1,139 -- 38 32 1,050 224 7,131

State total 1,643 52 4 119 419 646 1,960 3,442 2,903 891 148 270 4,824 353 19,089All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
35

ALL UNITS

Pulp and

All composite Posts, poles, Other

products Saw logs Veneer logs products and pilings products

Species group MCFa MBFb MCFa MBFb MCFa Cordsc MCFa MCFa MCFa

Softwoods

Cedar 0 2 0 -- -- -- -- -- -- Hemlock 32 -- -- -- -- 374 32 -- -- Loblolly/shortleaf pine 8,979 19,425 3,374 -- -- 42,509 3,613 860 1,132Red pine 83 -- -- -- -- 981 83 -- -- White pine 85 98 17 -- -- 801 68 -- -- Other pine 770 653 114 -- -- 7,720 656 -- -- Spruce 62 26 5 -- -- 670 57 -- --  Softwood total 10,010 20,204 3,510 -- -- 53,055 4,510 860 1,132

Hardwoods

Ash 236 962 158 2 0 908 77 -- -- Aspen/balsam poplar 75 338 56 -- -- 227 19 -- -- Basswood 331 -- -- -- -- 3,889 331 -- -- Beech 399 1,556 256 -- -- 1,691 144 -- -- White birch 56 338 56 -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 127 435 72 -- -- 656 56 -- -- Other birch 192 338 56 -- -- 1,609 137 -- -- Black cherry 1,643 1,460 240 5 1 16,493 1,402 -- -- Black walnut 52 260 40 1 0 145 12 -- -- Cottonwood 4 -- -- -- -- 52 4 -- -- Elm 119 106 17 -- -- 1,191 101 -- -- Hickory 419 1,367 225 -- -- 2,284 194 -- -- Hard maple 646 1,782 304 -- -- 4,031 343 -- -- Soft maple 1,960 5,182 883 -- -- 12,672 1,077 -- -- Red oaks 3,442 14,835 2,510 1 0 10,965 932 -- -- White oaks 2,903 9,967 1,686 4 1 13,746 1,168 -- 48Sweetgum 891 4,337 713 -- -- 2,099 178 -- -- Sycamore 148 502 83 -- -- 773 66 -- -- Tupelo 270 1,119 184 -- -- 1,011 86 -- -- Yellow-poplar 4,824 19,851 3,262 1,222 167 16,410 1,395 -- -- Other hardwoods 353 663 109 -- -- 2,869 244 1 --  Hardwood total 19,089 65,399 10,906 1,235 169 93,721 7,966 1 48

State total 29,099 85,603 14,415 1,235 169 146,776 12,476 860 1,180

Table 8.—Industrial roundwood production by Forest Inventory Unit, species group, and product, Maryland, 2008

Table 8.—continued on next page
36

NORTH CENTRAL UNIT

Pulp and

All composite Posts, poles, Other

products Saw logs Veneer logs products and pilings products

Species group MCFa MBFb MCFa MBFb MCFa Cordsc MCFa MCFa MCFa

Softwoods

Cedar 0 2 0 -- -- -- -- -- -- Hemlock 1 -- -- -- -- 13 1 -- -- Loblolly/shortleaf pine 445 1,156 201 -- -- 2,519 214 23 7White pine 42 98 17 -- -- 294 25 -- -- Other pine 233 209 36 -- -- 2,449 208 -- -- Spruce 7 26 5 -- -- 30 3 -- --  Softwood total 729 1,425 248 -- -- 5,305 451 23 7

Hardwoods

Ash 128 553 91 1 0 435 37 -- -- Aspen/balsam poplar 57 334 55 -- -- 29 2 -- -- Basswood 1 -- -- -- -- 13 1 -- -- Beech 149 540 89 -- -- 706 60 -- -- White birch 52 315 52 -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 68 412 68 -- -- -- -- -- -- Other birch 82 315 52 -- -- 354 30 -- -- Black cherry 132 438 72 3 0 703 60 -- -- Black walnut 47 224 34 1 0 145 12 -- -- Cottonwood 4 -- -- -- -- 52 4 -- -- Elm 11 -- -- -- -- 135 11 -- -- Hickory 181 741 122 -- -- 697 59 -- -- Hard maple 176 1,017 173 -- -- 26 2 -- -- Soft maple 492 1,866 318 -- -- 2,055 175 -- -- Red oaks 1,617 8,264 1,398 1 0 2,570 218 -- -- White oaks 1,002 4,825 816 2 0 1,940 165 -- 20Sweetgum 422 1,684 277 -- -- 1,708 145 -- -- Sycamore 78 311 51 -- -- 321 27 -- -- Tupelo 106 443 73 -- -- 395 34 -- -- Yellow-poplar 2,220 10,433 1,714 23 3 5,914 503 -- -- Other hardwoods 96 318 52 -- -- 509 43 1 --  Hardwood total 7,122 33,033 5,506 31 4 18,708 1,590 1 20

Table 8.—continued

Unit total 7,850 34,458 5,754 31 4 24,013 2,041 24 28
37

SOUTHERN UNIT

Pulp and

All composite Posts, poles, Other

products Saw logs Veneer logs products and pilings products

Species group MCFa MBFb MCFa MBFb MCFa Cordsc MCFa MCFa MCFa

Softwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 612 684 119 -- -- 5,797 493 -- -- Other pine 432 511 89 -- -- 4,041 343 -- --  Softwood total 1,044 1,195 208 -- -- 9,837 836 -- -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 22 133 22 0 0 3 0 -- -- Basswood 1 -- -- -- -- 8 1 -- -- Beech 208 920 151 -- -- 668 57 -- -- Black cherry 44 203 33 0 0 122 10 -- -- Black walnut 6 36 6 -- -- -- -- -- -- Elm 18 106 17 -- -- 2 0 -- -- Hickory 110 536 88 -- -- 255 22 -- -- Soft maple 231 898 153 -- -- 913 78 -- -- Red oaks 736 3,963 671 0 0 769 65 -- -- White oaks 675 3,327 563 1 0 993 84 -- 28Sweetgum 307 1,782 293 -- -- 163 14 -- -- Sycamore 31 185 30 -- -- 2 0 -- -- Tupelo 46 206 34 -- -- 136 12 -- -- Yellow-poplar 1,498 7,841 1,288 9 1 2,454 209 -- -- Other hardwoods 14 65 11 -- -- 41 3 -- --  Hardwood total 3,944 20,200 3,360 11 2 6,529 555 -- 28

Unit total 4,987 21,395 3,567 11 2 16,366 1,391 -- 28

Table 8.—continued on next page
38

Table 8.—continued

LOWER EASTERN SHORE UNIT

Pulp and

All composite Posts, poles, Other

products Saw logs Veneer logs products and pilings products

Species group MCFa MBFb MCFa MBFb MCFa Cordsc MCFa MCFa MCFa

Softwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 7,922 17,585 3,055 -- -- 34,193 2,906 836 1,124Other pine 3 -- -- -- -- 30 3 -- --  Softwood total 7,924 17,585 3,055 -- -- 34,223 2,909 836 1,124

Hardwoods

Ash 27 146 24 0 0 39 3 -- -- Aspen/balsam poplar 1 4 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- Beech 17 93 15 -- -- 19 2 -- -- White birch 4 23 4 -- -- -- -- -- -- Yellow birch 4 23 4 -- -- -- -- -- -- Other birch 4 23 4 -- -- -- -- -- -- Black cherry 5 17 3 -- -- 21 2 -- -- Hickory 16 86 14 -- -- 17 1 -- -- Hard maple 1 5 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- Soft maple 255 1,310 223 -- -- 380 32 -- -- Red oaks 150 793 134 -- -- 181 15 -- -- White oaks 87 465 79 -- -- 98 8 -- -- Sweetgum 162 871 143 -- -- 228 19 -- -- Sycamore 1 6 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- Tupelo 86 470 77 -- -- 104 9 -- -- Yellow-poplar 55 295 48 -- -- 78 7 -- -- Other hardwoods 19 109 18 -- -- 11 1 -- --  Hardwood total 893 4,739 793 0 0 1,176 100 -- -- 

Unit total 8,817 22,324 3,847 0 0 35,398 3,009 836 1,124
39

WESTERN UNIT

Pulp and

All composite Posts, poles, Other

products Saw logs Veneer logs products and pilings products

Species group MCFa MBFb MCFa MBFb MCFa Cordsc MCFa MCFa MCFa

Softwoods

Hemlock 31 -- -- -- -- 360 31 -- -- Red pine 83 -- -- -- -- 981 83 -- -- White pine 43 -- -- -- -- 507 43 -- -- Other pine 102 -- -- -- -- 1,200 102 -- -- Spruce 54 -- -- -- -- 640 54 -- --  Softwood total 314 -- -- -- -- 3,689 314 -- -- 

Hardwoods

Ash 58 130 21 0 0 432 37 -- -- Aspen/balsam poplar 17 -- -- -- -- 197 17 -- -- Basswood 329 -- -- -- -- 3,867 329 -- -- Beech 26 4 1 -- -- 298 25 -- -- Yellow birch 56 -- -- -- -- 656 56 -- -- Other birch 107 -- -- -- -- 1,255 107 -- -- Black cherry 1,462 802 132 2 0 15,647 1,330 -- -- Black walnut 0 -- -- 0 0 0 0 -- -- Elm 90 -- -- -- -- 1,054 90 -- -- Hickory 112 4 1 -- -- 1,315 112 -- -- Hard maple 470 760 129 -- -- 4,005 340 -- -- Soft maple 981 1,108 189 -- -- 9,324 793 -- -- Red oaks 940 1,814 307 0 0 7,445 633 -- -- White oaks 1,139 1,350 228 1 0 10,716 911 -- -- Sycamore 38 -- -- -- -- 450 38 -- -- Tupelo 32 -- -- -- -- 376 32 -- -- Yellow-poplar 1,050 1,282 211 1,189 163 7,963 677 -- -- Other hardwoods 224 171 28 -- -- 2,307 196 -- --  Hardwood total 7,131 7,426 1,247 1,193 163 67,309 5,721 -- -- 

Unit total 7,445 7,426 1,247 1,193 163 70,998 6,035 -- -- 

a Thousand cubic feet.b Thousand board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule.c Standard cords are 128 cubic feet consisting of 85 cubic feet of wood and 43 cubic feet of bark and air space.

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1⁄2 unit of measure.

 Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
40

Receipts Production

Percent Percent

Species group 2004 2008 change 2004 2008 changeSoftwood

Cedar 2 2 0% 2 2 0%

Cypress -- -- -- 25 -- --

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 37,074 33,839 -9% 24,472 19,425 -21%

White pine 102 102 0% 98 98 0%

Other pine 324 522 61% 461 653 42%

Spruce 26 26 0% 26 26 0%

 Softwood total 37,528 34,491 -8% 25,083 20,204 -19%

Hardwood

Ash 1,219 1,274 5% 902 962 7%

Aspen/balsam poplar 450 450 0% 338 338 0%

Basswood 277 -- -- 122 -- -- 

Beech 1,225 1,791 46% 917 1,556 70%White birch 450 450 0% 338 338 0%

Yellow birch 548 548 0% 435 435 0%

Other birch 450 450 0% 338 338 0%

Black cherry 3,787 1,821 -52% 1,889 1,460 -23%

Black walnut 357 267 -25% 239 260 9%Elm -- 120 -- -- 106 -- 

Hickory 1,061 1,478 39% 877 1,367 56%

Hard maple 2,612 2,301 -12% 1,602 1,782 11%

Soft maple 5,518 5,669 3% 4,301 5,182 20%

Red oak group 18,472 17,471 -5% 14,023 14,835 6%

White oak group 8,219 11,692 42% 6,593 9,967 51%

Sweetgum 4,586 4,485 -2% 4,401 4,337 -1%

Sycamore 480 531 11% 450 502 12%Tupelo/gum 1,014 1,243 23% 945 1,119 18%

Yellow-poplar 20,460 25,964 27% 16,874 19,851 18%

Other hardwoods 596 1,241 108% 534 663 24%

 Hardwood total 71,781 79,247 10% 56,119 65,399 17%

All species 109,309 113,738 4% 81,202 85,603 5%

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand board feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.

Table 9.—Saw log receipts and production, in thousand board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule, by species group, Maryland, 2004 and 2008
41

ALL UNITS

Source of material

Growing stock Non-growing stock

Used for products Used for products Harvest

Logging Total Logging Total non- residues

Pole- residue growing Cull Dead Nonforest slash growing Total (total Total

Species group Sawtimber timber (not used) stock Limbwood Saplings trees trees trees (not used) stock used not used) harvestedSoftwoods Cedar 0.3 -- 0.0 0.3 -- -- 0.0 -- -- 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5

Hemlock 8.2 22.9 0.4 31.5 -- -- 0.6 -- -- 9.5 10.1 31.7 9.8 41.6Loblolly/shortleaf pine 5,729.0 3,002.0 513.1 9,244.1 0.2 140.0 78.9 28.4 -- 5,596.5 5,844.0 8,978.6 6,109.5 15,088.1Red pine 21.6 60.2 1.0 82.8 -- -- 1.6 -- -- 24.9 26.5 83.4 25.9 109.3White pine 34.7 49.1 2.6 86.4 -- -- 1.3 -- -- 42.1 43.4 85.1 44.7 129.8Other pine 283.7 473.4 19.6 776.7 -- -- 12.6 -- -- 341.4 353.9 769.7 361.0 1,130.7Spruce 19.3 41.1 1.1 61.5 -- -- 1.1 -- -- 22.8 23.9 61.5 24.0 85.5 Softwood total 6,096.8 3,648.8 537.7 10,283.4 0.2 140.0 96.1 28.4 -- 6,037.4 6,302.1 10,010.3 6,575.1 16,585.4

Hardwoods

Ash 198.4 3.0 49.7 251.2 19.4 -- 12.6 2.0 -- 103.8 137.8 235.5 153.5 389.0Aspen/balsam poplar 64.7 0.8 17.2 82.7 5.5 -- 3.2 0.7 -- 36.3 45.6 74.8 53.4 128.2Basswood 205.0 13.0 12.6 230.6 56.9 -- 53.6 2.1 -- 6.7 119.3 330.6 19.2 349.8Beech 332.2 5.6 81.1 419.0 34.7 -- 23.4 3.4 -- 168.2 229.7 399.4 249.3 648.7White birch 52.8 -- 16.4 69.2 2.2 -- 0.0 0.5 -- 35.9 38.6 55.5 52.3 107.9Yellow birch 102.6 2.2 23.3 128.0 12.4 -- 9.1 1.0 -- 47.3 69.8 127.3 70.6 197.8Other birch 137.6 5.4 21.6 164.6 25.7 -- 22.2 1.4 -- 38.7 88.0 192.3 60.3 252.6Black cherry 1,098.4 55.0 124.3 1,277.7 250.7 -- 227.3 11.2 -- 183.5 672.7 1,642.6 307.8 1,950.4Black walnut 41.0 0.5 3.7 45.1 2.8 -- 3.1 0.1 4.8 5.5 16.3 52.3 9.2 61.5Cottonwood 2.8 0.2 0.2 3.1 0.8 -- 0.7 0.0 -- 0.1 1.6 4.4 0.3 4.7Elm 79.3 4.0 9.0 92.3 18.1 -- 16.4 0.8 -- 13.3 48.6 118.6 22.3 140.9Hickory 333.9 7.6 73.8 415.3 42.2 -- 31.6 3.4 -- 149.1 226.3 418.7 222.9 641.6Hard maple 500.1 13.4 92.8 606.4 72.9 -- 57.5 2.2 -- 186.2 318.7 646.1 279.0 925.2Soft maple 1,504.5 42.3 273.1 1,819.8 225.8 -- 180.2 6.8 -- 543.2 956.0 1,959.6 816.2 2,775.8Red oaks 2,913.3 36.6 732.6 3,682.5 258.4 -- 164.4 69.7 -- 1,413.3 1,905.8 3,442.3 2,146.0 5,588.2White oaks 2,337.4 45.9 524.5 2,907.8 267.1 -- 202.7 50.3 -- 961.4 1,481.4 2,903.2 1,485.9 4,389.2Sweetgum 788.2 7.0 217.6 1,012.7 58.5 -- 29.3 8.1 -- 464.2 560.1 891.0 681.8 1,572.8Sycamore 119.2 2.6 26.9 148.7 14.5 -- 10.7 1.2 -- 54.7 81.1 148.2 81.6 229.8Tupelo 228.1 3.4 57.6 289.1 22.0 -- 14.0 2.3 -- 120.6 158.9 269.8 178.2 448.0Yellow-poplar 4,133.0 54.7 1,042.8 5,230.5 367.2 -- 228.0 40.6 -- 2,146.2 2,781.9 4,823.5 3,188.9 8,012.4Other hardwoods 255.0 9.7 41.5 306.2 46.2 0.0 39.6 2.6 0.1 75.4 163.9 353.2 116.9 470.1 Hardwood total 15,427.5 312.7 3,442.3 19,182.5 1,803.9 0.0 1,329.6 210.5 4.9 6,753.5 10,102.3 19,089.1 10,195.7 29,284.8

Table 10.—Wood material harvested for industrial roundwood, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, source of material, and species group, Maryland, 2008

State total 21,524.4 3,961.5 3,980.0 29,465.8 1,804.1 140.0 1,425.7 238.9 4.9 12,790.8 16,404.4 29,099.4 16,770.8 45,870.2

a

Table 10.—continued on next page
42

NORTH CENTRAL UNIT

Source of material

Growing stock Non-growing stock

Used for products Used for products

Logging Total Logging Total nonPole- residue growing Cull Dead Nonforest slash growing Total Total Total

Species group Sawtimber timber (not used) stock Limbwood Saplings trees trees trees (not used) stock used not used harvestedSoftwoods

Cedar 0.3 -- 0.0 0.3 -- -- 0.0 -- -- 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5Hemlock 0.3 0.8 0.0 1.1 -- -- 0.0 -- -- 0.3 0.4 1.1 0.4 1.5Loblolly/shortleaf pine 282.3 157.8 26.2 466.2 0.0 -- 5.2 -- -- 322.5 327.7 445.2 348.7 793.9White pine 23.5 18.0 2.1 43.6 -- -- 0.5 -- -- 29.2 29.7 42.0 31.3 73.3Other pine 78.8 150.2 5.0 234.0 -- -- 4.0 -- -- 93.9 97.9 233.0 99.0 332.0Spruce 5.2 1.8 0.5 7.5 -- -- 0.1 -- -- 6.6 6.6 7.1 7.1 14.2 Softwood total 390.3 328.6 33.8 752.8 0.0 -- 9.7 -- -- 452.8 462.5 728.7 486.6 1,215.3

Hardwoods

Ash 109.5 1.5 28.3 139.2 9.9 -- 6.0 1.1 -- 59.5 76.6 128.0 87.8 215.8Aspen/balsam poplar 53.7 0.1 16.3 70.1 2.6 -- 0.4 0.6 -- 35.5 39.1 57.4 51.8 109.2Basswood 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.2 -- 0.2 0.0 -- 0.0 0.4 1.1 0.1 1.2Beech 121.5 2.4 28.5 152.4 13.8 -- 9.8 1.2 -- 58.5 83.3 148.7 87.0 235.7White birch 49.2 -- 15.3 64.5 2.0 -- 0.0 0.5 -- 33.5 36.0 51.8 48.8 100.5Yellow birch 64.4 -- 20.0 84.4 2.6 -- 0.0 0.7 -- 43.8 47.1 67.7 63.8 131.5Other birch 67.9 1.2 16.5 85.5 7.2 -- 4.9 0.7 -- 34.1 46.9 81.8 50.5 132.3Black cherry 105.9 2.3 23.6 131.8 13.1 -- 9.7 1.1 -- 47.7 71.6 132.1 71.3 203.5Black walnut 36.4 0.5 3.2 40.1 2.7 -- 2.9 0.1 4.1 4.8 14.7 46.7 8.0 54.8Cottonwood 2.8 0.2 0.2 3.1 0.8 -- 0.7 0.0 -- 0.1 1.6 4.4 0.3 4.7Elm 7.1 0.4 0.4 8.0 2.0 -- 1.9 0.1 -- 0.2 4.1 11.4 0.7 12.1Hickory 152.5 2.3 38.3 193.1 14.9 -- 9.7 1.6 -- 79.9 106.1 181.0 118.1 299.1Hard maple 165.6 0.1 45.7 211.3 8.3 -- 1.5 0.0 -- 102.4 112.2 175.4 148.0 323.5Soft maple 409.5 6.9 90.2 506.5 44.6 -- 30.4 1.1 -- 191.2 267.3 492.4 281.4 773.9Red oaks 1,436.4 8.6 396.7 1,841.7 92.2 -- 42.8 36.9 -- 781.3 953.2 1,616.9 1,178.0 2,794.9White oaks 880.4 6.5 238.0 1,124.9 60.3 -- 32.9 21.8 -- 457.2 572.3 1,001.9 695.3 1,697.2Sweetgum 353.2 5.7 87.4 446.3 35.8 -- 23.7 3.6 -- 181.8 244.9 422.0 269.2 691.2Sycamore 65.6 1.1 16.2 82.8 6.7 -- 4.4 0.7 -- 33.6 45.4 78.4 49.8 128.2Tupelo 90.0 1.3 22.8 114.1 8.6 -- 5.5 0.9 -- 47.7 62.7 106.3 70.5 176.8Yellow-poplar 1,944.6 19.7 526.6 2,490.9 153.3 -- 82.5 19.9 -- 1,118.3 1,374.0 2,220.0 1,644.9 3,864.9Other hardwoods 76.7 1.8 17.1 95.6 9.5 0.0 7.1 0.8 0.1 34.7 52.1 96.0 51.8 147.7 Hardwood total 6,193.3 62.5 1,631.3 7,887.1 491.1 0.0 277.1 93.3 4.2 3,345.8 4,211.6 7,121.6 4,977.1 12,098.7

Table 10.—continued

Unit total 6,583.7 391.1 1,665.1 8,639.9 491.1 0.0 286.9 93.3 4.2 3,798.6 4,674.1 7,850.3 5,463.7 13,314.0
43

SOUTHERN UNIT

Source of material

Growing stock Non-growing stock

Used for products Used for products

Logging Total Logging Total nonPole- residue growing Cull Dead Nonforest slash growing Total Total Total

Species group Sawtimber timber (not used) stock Limbwood Saplings trees trees trees (not used) stock used not used harvestedSoftwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 246.5 355.5 18.3 620.3 -- -- 9.5 -- -- 299.3 308.8 611.5 317.6 929.1Other pine 177.7 247.8 13.4 439.0 -- -- 6.6 -- -- 216.2 222.8 432.2 229.6 661.8 Softwood total 424.2 603.3 31.7 1,059.3 -- -- 16.1 -- -- 515.5 531.6 1,043.7 547.2 1,590.9

Hardwoods

Ash 21.0 0.0 6.5 27.5 0.9 -- 0.0 0.2 -- 14.2 15.3 22.2 20.7 42.8

Basswood 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 -- 0.1 0.0 -- 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.7

Beech 178.9 2.2 46.8 227.9 15.7 -- 9.3 1.8 -- 98.8 125.6 207.9 145.7 353.5Black cherry 38.3 0.4 10.3 49.0 3.1 -- 1.7 0.4 -- 21.8 27.0 43.8 32.1 75.9

Black walnut 4.6 -- 0.4 5.0 0.1 -- 0.1 -- 0.7 0.7 1.6 5.5 1.2 6.7

Elm 16.7 0.0 5.2 21.9 0.7 -- 0.0 0.2 -- 11.3 12.2 17.6 16.4 34.0

Hickory 97.1 0.8 26.9 124.8 7.2 -- 3.6 1.0 -- 57.3 69.0 109.7 84.2 193.9

Soft maple 193.1 3.0 43.2 239.3 20.4 -- 13.6 0.5 -- 91.9 126.3 230.5 135.1 365.6Red oaks 664.3 2.6 188.7 855.6 37.4 -- 14.2 17.5 -- 373.8 442.9 735.9 562.6 1,298.5White oaks 601.0 3.3 166.3 770.6 36.6 -- 19.2 14.8 -- 314.9 385.5 674.9 481.2 1,156.1Sweetgum 286.9 0.5 87.1 374.6 13.8 -- 2.4 2.9 -- 189.5 208.7 306.6 276.6 583.2Sycamore 29.0 0.0 9.0 38.0 1.2 -- 0.1 0.3 -- 19.6 21.2 30.6 28.6 59.2

Tupelo 39.4 0.5 10.5 50.3 3.3 -- 1.9 0.4 -- 22.2 27.8 45.4 32.6 78.1

Yellow-poplar 1,355.4 8.2 389.2 1,752.8 86.1 -- 34.6 13.9 -- 837.0 971.5 1,498.1 1,226.1 2,724.3Other hardwoods 12.3 0.1 3.3 15.7 1.0 -- 0.6 0.1 -- 7.0 8.7 14.2 10.3 24.4 Hardwood total 3,538.3 21.8 993.4 4,553.5 227.5 -- 101.3 54.0 0.7 2,060.1 2,443.6 3,943.6 3,053.4 6,997.1

Unit total 3,962.6 625.1 1,025.1 5,612.8 227.5 -- 117.4 54.0 0.7 2,575.5 2,975.2 4,987.3 3,600.6 8,587.9

Table 10.—continued on next page
44

Table 10.—continued

LOWER EASTERN SHORE UNIT

Source of material

Growing stock Non-growing stock

Used for products Used for products

Logging Total Logging Total nonPole- residue growing Cull Dead Nonforest slash growing Total Total Total

Species group Sawtimber timber (not used) stock Limbwood Saplings trees trees trees (not used) stock used not used harvestedSoftwoods

Loblolly/shortleaf pine 5,200.2 2,488.8 468.6 8,157.6 0.2 140.0 64.3 28.4 -- 4,974.7 5,207.5 7,921.8 5,443.3 13,365.1Other pine 0.7 1.8 0.0 2.5 -- -- 0.0 -- -- 0.7 0.8 2.5 0.8 3.3 Softwood total 5,200.9 2,490.6 468.6 8,160.1 0.2 140.0 64.3 28.4 -- 4,975.4 5,208.3 7,924.4 5,444.0 13,368.4

Hardwoods

Ash 24.9 0.1 7.2 32.2 1.5 -- 0.6 0.3 -- 15.6 17.9 27.3 22.8 50.1Aspen/balsam poplar 0.6 -- 0.2 0.8 0.0 -- 0.0 0.0 -- 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.6 1.3Beech 15.5 0.1 4.6 20.2 0.9 -- 0.3 0.2 -- 9.9 11.2 16.9 14.5 31.4White birch 3.6 -- 1.1 4.7 0.1 -- 0.0 0.0 -- 2.4 2.6 3.8 3.6 7.3Yellow birch 3.6 -- 1.1 4.7 0.1 -- 0.0 0.0 -- 2.4 2.6 3.8 3.6 7.3Other birch 3.6 -- 1.1 4.7 0.1 -- 0.0 0.0 -- 2.4 2.6 3.8 3.6 7.3Black cherry 3.7 0.1 0.9 4.7 0.4 -- 0.3 0.0 -- 1.8 2.6 4.5 2.7 7.3Hickory 14.3 0.1 4.2 18.6 0.8 -- 0.2 0.1 -- 9.2 10.3 15.5 13.4 28.9Hard maple 0.8 -- 0.2 1.0 0.0 -- 0.0 -- -- 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.7 1.6Soft maple 231.5 1.3 59.9 292.7 15.8 -- 6.7 0.2 -- 132.4 155.1 255.4 192.4 447.8Red oaks 134.4 0.6 37.9 172.8 7.9 -- 3.2 3.5 -- 74.9 89.5 149.6 112.7 262.3White oaks 78.3 0.3 22.2 100.8 4.5 -- 1.8 2.1 -- 43.9 52.2 87.0 66.0 153.0Sweetgum 148.1 0.8 43.1 191.9 8.9 -- 3.2 1.5 -- 92.9 106.5 162.5 136.0 298.4Sycamore 0.9 -- 0.3 1.2 0.0 -- 0.0 0.0 -- 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.9Tupelo 78.9 0.3 23.2 102.4 4.5 -- 1.5 0.8 -- 50.1 56.9 86.1 73.3 159.3Yellow-poplar 50.2 0.3 14.6 65.1 3.0 -- 1.1 0.5 -- 31.5 36.1 55.1 46.1 101.2Other hardwoods 17.6 0.0 5.3 23.0 0.9 -- 0.2 0.2 -- 11.6 12.8 18.8 16.9 35.8 Hardwood total 810.6 3.9 227.1 1,041.6 49.6 -- 19.0 9.5 -- 482.6 560.7 892.6 709.7 1,602.3

Unit total 6,011.5 2,494.5 695.7 9,201.7 49.8 140.0 83.3 37.9 -- 5,458.0 5,769.0 8,817.0 6,153.7 14,970.7
45

WESTERN UNIT

Source of material

Growing stock Non-growing stock

Used for products Used for products

Logging Total Logging Total nonPole- residue growing Cull Dead Nonforest slash growing Total Total Total

Species group Sawtimber timber (not used) stock Limbwood Saplings trees trees trees (not used) stock used not used harvestedSoftwoods

Hemlock 7.9 22.1 0.3 30.4 -- -- 0.6 -- -- 9.1 9.7 30.6 9.5 40.1Red pine 21.6 60.2 1.0 82.8 -- -- 1.6 -- -- 24.9 26.5 83.4 25.9 109.3White pine 11.2 31.1 0.5 42.8 -- -- 0.8 -- -- 12.9 13.7 43.1 13.4 56.5Other pine 26.5 73.6 1.2 101.2 -- -- 1.9 -- -- 30.5 32.4 102.0 31.6 133.6Spruce 14.1 39.3 0.6 54.0 -- -- 1.0 -- -- 16.3 17.3 54.4 16.9 71.3 Softwood total 81.4 226.3 3.6 311.2 -- -- 6.0 -- -- 93.7 99.6 313.6 97.2 410.8

Hardwoods

Ash 43.1 1.4 7.7 52.2 7.1 -- 6.0 0.4 -- 14.5 28.1 58.0 22.2 80.3Aspen/balsam poplar 10.4 0.7 0.6 11.7 2.9 -- 2.7 0.1 -- 0.3 6.1 16.8 1.0 17.8Basswood 203.9 12.9 12.5 229.3 56.6 -- 53.3 2.1 -- 6.7 118.6 328.7 19.1 347.9Beech 16.4 1.0 1.2 18.5 4.4 -- 4.1 0.2 -- 1.0 9.6 26.0 2.1 28.1Yellow birch 34.6 2.2 2.1 38.9 9.6 -- 9.0 0.4 -- 1.1 20.1 55.8 3.2 59.0Other birch 66.2 4.2 4.1 74.4 18.4 -- 17.3 0.7 -- 2.2 38.5 106.7 6.2 112.9Black cherry 950.5 52.2 89.5 1,092.2 234.1 -- 215.6 9.7 -- 112.1 571.5 1,462.0 201.7 1,663.7Black walnut 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1Elm 55.6 3.5 3.4 62.5 15.4 -- 14.5 0.6 -- 1.8 32.3 89.6 5.2 94.8Hickory 70.0 4.4 4.4 78.8 19.3 -- 18.1 0.7 -- 2.7 40.8 112.5 7.2 119.6Hard maple 333.8 13.4 47.0 394.1 64.5 -- 56.0 2.2 -- 83.3 206.0 469.8 130.3 600.1Soft maple 670.5 31.1 79.8 781.3 145.1 -- 129.6 5.0 -- 127.6 407.3 981.3 207.3 1,188.6Red oaks 678.1 24.8 109.3 812.3 120.9 -- 104.2 11.8 -- 183.4 420.3 939.9 292.7 1,232.6White oaks 777.6 35.7 98.1 911.4 165.7 -- 148.8 11.6 -- 145.4 471.4 1,139.4 243.4 1,382.9Sycamore 23.7 1.5 1.5 26.7 6.6 -- 6.2 0.2 -- 0.8 13.8 38.2 2.2 40.4Tupelo 19.8 1.3 1.2 22.3 5.5 -- 5.2 0.2 -- 0.6 11.5 32.0 1.9 33.9Yellow-poplar 782.8 26.6 112.4 921.8 124.7 -- 109.8 6.3 -- 159.4 400.3 1,050.3 271.8 1,322.1Other hardwoods 148.4 7.7 15.8 171.8 34.9 -- 31.8 1.5 -- 22.1 90.3 224.2 37.9 262.1 Hardwood total 4,885.3 224.5 590.5 5,700.2 1,035.7 -- 932.1 53.6 0.0 865.0 2,886.5 7,131.3 1,455.5 8,586.7

Unit total 4,966.6 450.8 594.0 6,011.4 1,035.7 -- 938.1 53.6 0.0 958.7 2,986.1 7,444.8 1,552.7 8,997.6

a Based on factors obtained from regional utilization studies.

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0.0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 0.1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
46

Softwoods Hardwoods

Loblolly/ Aspen/

Forest Inventory All shortleaf Red White Other Total balsam Bass- White Yellow OtherUnit and county species Cedar Hemlock pine pine pine pine Spruce softwoods Ash poplar wood Beech birch birch birchNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 759 0 -- 26 -- 13 71 -- 111 18 1 -- 11 -- -- 1Baltimore 807 -- -- -- -- 2 13 2 16 11 10 -- 7 8 8 8Caroline 537 -- -- 190 -- -- 31 -- 221 0 -- -- 0 -- 0 0Carroll 341 -- -- -- -- 15 -- -- 15 3 2 -- 0 2 6 2Cecil 887 -- -- 0 -- -- 5 -- 5 2 -- -- 44 -- 3 1Frederick 436 -- -- 7 -- -- 9 -- 16 24 8 -- 1 7 7 8Harford 1,402 -- -- 6 -- -- 7 -- 13 24 7 -- 45 6 18 21Howard 318 0 -- 15 -- 11 0 -- 26 2 6 -- 0 6 6 6Kent 439 -- -- 12 -- -- -- -- 12 5 -- -- 7 -- -- -- Montgomery 429 -- -- -- -- 1 7 6 14 2 12 -- 3 10 10 10Prince George's 935 -- -- 4 -- -- 89 -- 94 6 -- -- 13 -- -- 1Queen Anne's 417 -- -- 21 -- -- -- -- 21 13 6 -- 1 5 5 5Talbot 658 -- -- 185 -- -- 0 -- 186 18 18 -- 20 18 18 18Washington 275 -- 1 -- -- 1 1 -- 3 10 -- 1 0 3 3 6 Unit total 8,640 0 1 466 -- 44 234 8 753 139 70 1 152 65 84 85

Southern Unit

Calvert 771 -- -- -- -- -- 7 -- 7 0 -- -- 75 -- -- -- Charles 2,434 -- -- 71 -- -- 134 -- 205 27 -- -- 61 -- -- -- St. Mary's 2,407 -- -- 550 -- -- 297 -- 847 -- -- 0 93 -- -- --  Unit total 5,613 -- -- 620 -- -- 439 -- 1,059 28 -- 0 228 -- -- -- 

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 2,209 -- -- 1,896 -- -- 2 -- 1,898 -- 1 -- 1 1 1 1Somerset 2,160 -- -- 2,031 -- -- -- -- 2,031 15 -- -- 0 0 0 0Wicomico 3,187 -- -- 2,908 -- -- -- -- 2,908 4 -- -- 8 2 2 2Worcester 1,645 -- -- 1,323 -- -- 0 -- 1,323 14 -- -- 10 1 1 1 Unit total 9,202 -- -- 8,158 -- -- 2 -- 8,160 32 1 -- 20 5 5 5

Western Unit

Allegany 1,340 -- -- -- -- 3 95 -- 98 18 0 43 -- -- -- 8Garrett 4,671 -- 30 -- 83 40 6 54 213 34 11 186 19 -- 39 67 Unit total 6,011 -- 30 -- 83 43 101 54 311 52 11 229 19 -- 39 74

State total 29,466 0 32 9,244 83 86 777 62 10,283 251 82 231 419 69 128 165

Table 11.—Growing-stock removals from timberland for industrial roundwood, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 2008
47

Hardwoods

Forest Inventory Black Black Cotton- Hard Soft Red White Sweet- Syca- Tupelo/ Yellow- Other TotalUnit and county cherry walnut wood Elm Hickory maple maple oaks oaks gum more gum poplar hardwoods hardwoodsNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 5 12 -- 0 22 -- 13 83 84 74 3 13 303 6 648Baltimore 16 7 -- 0 23 -- 30 208 75 3 17 6 350 5 791Caroline 3 -- -- -- 4 -- 72 96 29 50 2 8 46 5 316Carroll 11 0 -- -- 12 -- 7 131 55 -- -- 2 91 2 326Cecil 19 5 -- -- 26 -- 56 238 70 55 16 1 310 34 882Frederick 3 1 -- 0 11 0 6 123 115 -- 2 5 96 1 421Harford 46 6 -- 5 19 -- 62 384 168 73 6 10 477 13 1,389Howard 7 0 -- -- 8 -- 20 70 31 0 3 1 127 0 293Kent 1 -- -- -- 6 -- 76 45 61 79 -- 4 135 7 427Montgomery 11 1 3 1 1 1 18 120 72 -- 9 3 124 4 415Prince George's 8 6 -- 1 36 -- 44 114 172 19 17 22 379 5 841Queen Anne's 2 0 -- 1 20 -- 57 79 103 59 -- 16 22 1 396Talbot 0 1 -- -- 3 56 43 105 58 33 6 24 21 11 472Washington 0 0 -- -- 2 155 4 46 33 -- 0 0 9 0 272 Unit total 132 39 3 8 193 211 507 1,842 1,125 446 83 114 2,491 96 7,887

Southern Unit

Calvert 11 -- -- 2 37 -- 32 98 144 42 24 9 288 1 764Charles 23 5 -- 20 46 -- 78 427 365 255 13 23 877 10 2,229St. Mary's 15 -- -- -- 42 -- 129 331 262 77 1 18 588 5 1,561 Unit total 49 5 -- 22 125 -- 239 856 771 375 38 50 1,753 16 4,553

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 3 -- -- -- 18 -- 64 106 42 42 -- 18 10 2 311Somerset 0 -- -- -- -- 1 42 6 15 32 1 14 -- 1 129Wicomico 1 -- -- -- 0 -- 67 38 17 56 -- 38 34 10 280Worcester 1 -- -- -- 0 0 119 23 26 62 -- 32 21 9 322 Unit total 5 -- -- -- 19 1 293 173 101 192 1 102 65 23 1,042

Western Unit

Allegany 78 0 -- 32 26 112 97 204 378 -- 27 21 166 30 1,242Garrett 1,014 -- -- 30 53 282 684 608 533 -- -- 1 756 142 4,458 Unit total 1,092 0 -- 62 79 394 781 812 911 -- 27 22 922 172 5,700

State total 1,278 45 3 92 415 606 1,820 3,682 2,908 1,013 149 289 5,231 306 19,182All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
48

Softwoods Hardwoods

Loblolly/ Aspen/

Forest Inventory All shortleaf Red White Other Total balsam Bass- White Yellow OtherUnit and county species Cedar Hemlock pine pine pine pine Spruce softwoods Ash poplar wood Beech birch birch birchNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 3,386 1 -- 43 -- 17 117 -- 178 81 3 -- 52 -- -- 2Baltimore 4,130 -- -- -- -- 9 29 8 45 57 51 -- 36 40 40 40Caroline 2,097 -- -- 467 -- -- 39 -- 506 2 -- -- 2 -- 1 1Carroll 1,781 -- -- -- -- 76 -- -- 76 18 11 -- 1 10 30 11Cecil 4,537 -- -- 0 -- -- 10 -- 10 11 -- -- 224 -- 17 3Frederick 2,196 -- -- 9 -- -- 11 -- 20 127 45 -- 6 38 38 40Harford 6,891 -- -- 8 -- -- 9 -- 17 122 36 -- 216 30 97 89Howard 1,514 1 -- 19 -- 24 1 -- 45 9 34 -- 0 29 29 29Kent 2,262 -- -- 15 -- -- -- -- 15 25 -- -- 35 -- -- -- Montgomery 2,156 -- -- -- -- 4 9 22 35 9 63 -- 12 54 54 54Prince George's 4,422 -- -- 6 -- -- 181 -- 187 27 -- -- 62 -- -- 3Queen Anne's 2,136 -- -- 88 -- -- -- -- 88 69 30 -- 3 27 27 27Talbot 3,443 -- -- 965 -- -- 0 -- 966 98 98 -- 103 98 98 98Washington 1,366 -- 1 -- -- 2 1 -- 4 49 -- 3 1 15 15 27 Unit total 42,319 1 1 1,620 -- 132 408 30 2,192 704 370 3 751 343 448 425

Southern Unit

Calvert 4,066 -- -- -- -- -- 31 -- 31 0 -- -- 396 -- -- -- Charles 12,311 -- -- 181 -- -- 357 -- 538 146 -- -- 323 -- -- -- St. Mary's 9,428 -- -- 1,138 -- -- 567 -- 1,706 -- -- 2 438 -- -- --  Unit total 25,805 -- -- 1,320 -- -- 955 -- 2,274 146 -- 2 1,156 -- -- -- 

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 10,033 -- -- 8,454 -- -- 3 -- 8,457 -- 4 -- 6 4 4 4Somerset 6,279 -- -- 5,618 -- -- -- -- 5,618 75 -- -- 1 2 2 2Wicomico 10,742 -- -- 9,295 -- -- -- -- 9,295 21 -- -- 43 11 11 11Worcester 8,432 -- -- 6,747 -- -- 0 -- 6,747 72 -- -- 56 8 8 8 Unit total 35,487 -- -- 30,113 -- -- 3 -- 30,116 168 4 -- 106 25 25 25

Western Unit

Allegany 5,620 -- -- -- -- 4 121 -- 124 79 1 169 -- -- 31Garrett 19,734 -- 38 -- 105 51 8 68 270 163 45 733 74 -- 153 261 Unit total 25,355 -- 38 -- 105 54 128 68 394 242 46 902 74 -- 153 293

State total 128,965 1 40 33,052 105 186 1,494 98 34,976 1,260 420 907 2,087 368 626 743

Table 12.—Sawtimber removals from timberland for industrial roundwood, in thousand board feet, International 1⁄4-inch rule, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 2008
49

Hardwoods

Forest Inventory Black Black Cotton- Hard Soft Red White Sweet- Syca- Tupelo/ Yellow- Other TotalUnit and county cherry walnut wood Elm Hickory maple maple oaks oaks gum more gum poplar hardwoods hardwoodsNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 22 71 -- 0 103 -- 55 415 415 351 13 63 1,535 27 3,208Baltimore 81 44 -- 1 117 -- 145 1,076 390 17 89 29 1,812 22 4,085Caroline 15 -- -- -- 20 -- 349 489 145 256 10 40 237 26 1,592Carroll 57 2 -- -- 62 -- 34 686 286 -- -- 9 481 8 1,706Cecil 96 30 -- -- 133 -- 281 1,222 354 287 84 5 1,604 175 4,526Frederick 18 6 -- 0 56 0 27 642 591 -- 12 27 499 3 2,176Harford 213 33 -- 18 88 -- 276 1,973 854 326 29 49 2,370 57 6,874Howard 32 0 -- -- 39 -- 90 350 157 0 14 4 651 1 1,470Kent 7 -- -- -- 34 -- 390 239 318 422 -- 20 719 39 2,247Montgomery 53 6 12 5 6 5 80 618 373 -- 43 15 642 14 2,120Prince George's 40 35 -- 2 179 -- 200 576 876 90 85 106 1,932 23 4,235Queen Anne's 10 0 -- 5 107 -- 286 411 534 306 -- 81 117 7 2,048Talbot 1 4 -- -- 15 285 222 549 303 175 34 125 111 61 2,477Washington 0 1 -- -- 9 791 16 231 161 -- 1 0 40 1 1,362 Unit total 643 231 12 31 968 1,081 2,450 9,477 5,756 2,230 413 573 12,749 465 40,127

Southern Unit

Calvert 59 -- -- 12 196 -- 166 513 757 224 129 50 1,526 7 4,035Charles 120 31 -- 104 242 -- 401 2,242 1,913 1,353 69 121 4,656 53 11,773St. Mary's 71 -- -- -- 203 -- 595 1,681 1,297 399 3 85 2,927 21 7,722 Unit total 250 31 -- 116 642 -- 1,162 4,436 3,967 1,976 202 256 9,109 80 23,530

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 14 -- -- -- 94 -- 315 545 217 213 -- 91 53 12 1,577Somerset 1 -- -- -- -- 5 209 32 80 164 7 74 -- 8 662Wicomico 4 -- -- -- 1 -- 339 199 88 292 -- 201 175 52 1,447Worcester 4 -- -- -- 2 1 610 118 138 331 -- 169 111 49 1,685 Unit total 23 -- -- -- 97 5 1,473 894 522 1,000 7 535 339 121 5,370

Western Unit

Allegany 358 0 -- 126 103 514 437 961 1,642 -- 105 84 758 128 5,496Garrett 4,164 -- -- 120 208 1,222 2,908 2,724 2,308 -- -- 4 3,784 596 19,465 Unit total 4,522 0 -- 246 311 1,736 3,345 3,685 3,949 -- 105 88 4,542 724 24,961

State total 5,438 263 12 393 2,019 2,822 8,429 18,491 14,194 5,206 726 1,453 26,740 1,391 93,988All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand board feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
50

Softwoods Hardwoods

Loblolly/ Aspen/

Forest Inventory All shortleaf Red White Other Total balsam Bass- White Yellow OtherUnit and county species Cedar Hemlock pine pine pine pine Spruce softwoods Ash poplar wood Beech birch birch birchNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 404 0 -- 11 -- 4 29 -- 43 7 0 -- 4 -- -- 0Baltimore 536 -- -- -- -- 2 7 2 11 8 7 -- 5 6 6 6Caroline 311 -- -- 106 -- -- 10 -- 116 0 -- -- 0 -- 0 0Carroll 245 -- -- -- -- 18 -- -- 18 3 2 -- 0 1 4 1Cecil 580 -- -- 0 -- -- 2 -- 2 2 -- -- 28 -- 2 0Frederick 275 -- -- 2 -- -- 3 -- 5 17 6 -- 0 5 5 5Harford 787 -- -- 2 -- -- 2 -- 4 16 5 -- 23 4 14 6Howard 188 0 -- 5 -- 6 0 -- 11 1 5 -- 0 4 4 4Kent 315 -- -- 4 -- -- -- -- 4 4 -- -- 5 -- -- -- Montgomery 273 -- -- -- -- 1 2 5 8 0 9 -- 0 8 8 8Prince George's 554 -- -- 2 -- -- 44 -- 45 3 -- -- 7 -- -- 0Queen Anne's 287 -- -- 18 -- -- -- -- 18 9 4 -- 0 4 4 4Talbot 540 -- -- 200 -- -- 0 -- 200 14 14 -- 14 14 14 14Washington 170 -- 0 -- -- 0 0 -- 1 6 -- 0 0 2 2 2 Unit total 5,464 0 0 349 -- 31 99 7 487 88 52 0 87 49 64 51

Southern Unit

Calvert 565 -- -- -- -- -- 7 -- 7 0 -- -- 56 -- -- -- Charles 1,740 -- -- 43 -- -- 85 -- 129 21 -- -- 46 -- -- -- St. Mary's 1,296 -- -- 274 -- -- 137 -- 411 -- -- 0 44 -- -- --  Unit total 3,601 -- -- 318 -- -- 230 -- 547 21 -- 0 146 -- -- -- 

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 1,677 -- -- 1,480 -- -- 1 -- 1,480 -- 1 -- 1 1 1 1Somerset 964 -- -- 877 -- -- -- -- 877 10 -- -- 0 0 0 0Wicomico 2,089 -- -- 1,896 -- -- -- -- 1,896 3 -- -- 6 2 2 2Worcester 1,424 -- -- 1,190 -- -- 0 -- 1,190 10 -- -- 8 1 1 1 Unit total 6,154 -- -- 5,443 -- -- 1 -- 5,444 23 1 -- 14 4 4 4

Western Unit

Allegany 428 -- -- -- -- 1 30 -- 31 6 0 4 -- -- -- 1Garrett 1,125 -- 9 -- 26 12 2 17 67 17 1 16 2 -- 3 6 Unit total 1,553 -- 9 -- 26 13 32 17 97 22 1 19 2 -- 3 6

State total 16,771 0 10 6,110 26 45 361 24 6,575 153 53 19 249 52 71 60

Table 13.—Harvest residue generated by industrial roundwood harvesting, in thousand cubic feet, by Forest Inventory Unit, county, and species group, Maryland, 2008
51

Hardwoods

Forest Inventory Black Black Cotton- Hard Soft Red White Sweet- Syca- Tupelo/ Yellow- Other TotalUnit and county cherry walnut wood Elm Hickory maple maple oaks oaks gum more gum poplar hardwoods hardwoodsNorth Central Unit

Anne Arundel 2 2 -- 0 11 -- 4 47 46 35 1 6 194 1 361Baltimore 11 2 -- 0 15 -- 17 136 50 2 12 4 240 2 525Caroline 2 -- -- -- 2 -- 41 59 16 33 1 5 30 4 195Carroll 8 0 -- -- 9 -- 4 89 37 -- -- 1 67 1 227Cecil 12 1 -- -- 18 -- 36 150 42 38 12 1 214 23 577Frederick 2 0 -- 0 7 0 3 82 64 -- 1 4 67 0 270Harford 19 1 -- 0 9 -- 22 245 103 25 3 5 280 4 783Howard 4 0 -- -- 3 -- 8 40 18 0 1 0 85 0 177Kent 1 -- -- -- 5 -- 54 31 42 60 -- 3 102 6 312Montgomery 5 0 0 0 1 1 7 78 47 -- 4 2 86 0 264Prince George's 5 1 -- 0 22 -- 19 68 106 9 10 12 246 2 509Queen Anne's 1 0 -- 0 15 -- 37 53 68 42 -- 11 16 1 269Talbot 0 0 -- -- 2 39 31 72 40 25 5 18 16 9 340Washington 0 0 -- -- 0 108 1 28 16 -- 0 0 3 0 169 Unit total 71 8 0 1 118 148 281 1,178 695 269 50 70 1,645 52 4,977

Southern Unit

Calvert 8 -- -- 2 28 -- 23 67 99 32 18 7 217 1 558Charles 17 1 -- 15 34 -- 55 294 240 192 10 17 661 7 1,611St. Mary's 7 -- -- -- 22 -- 57 201 142 53 0 8 348 2 884 Unit total 32 1 -- 16 84 -- 135 563 481 277 29 33 1,226 10 3,053

Lower Eastern Shore Unit

Dorchester 1 -- -- -- 13 -- 38 67 27 27 -- 12 7 1 196Somerset 0 -- -- -- -- 1 27 4 10 22 1 10 -- 1 87Wicomico 0 -- -- -- 0 -- 44 26 11 40 -- 28 23 7 193Worcester 1 -- -- -- 0 0 84 16 18 47 -- 24 16 7 234 Unit total 3 -- -- -- 13 1 192 113 66 136 1 73 46 17 710

Western Unit

Allegany 31 0 -- 3 2 47 37 89 102 -- 2 2 65 7 397Garrett 171 -- -- 3 5 83 171 203 141 -- -- 0 207 31 1,058 Unit total 202 0 -- 5 7 130 207 293 243 -- 2 2 272 38 1,455

State total 308 9 0 22 223 279 816 2,146 1,486 682 82 178 3,189 117 10,196All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0 indicates the volume rounds to less than 1 thousand cubic feet. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.
52

Residue type

Forest Inventory Wood residueUnit and Total all residues Total wood residue Coarse Fine Bark

disposition Softwood Hardwood Softwood Hardwood Softwood Hardwood Softwood Hardwood Softwood Hardwood

All Units

Fiber products 25.63 45.08 25.63 44.58 25.63 44.58 -- -- -- 0.50

Industrial fuel 11.22 9.79 11.22 9.71 11.04 0.18 0.18 9.53 -- 0.08

Domestic fuel 1.41 22.68 1.41 21.89 1.41 18.66 -- 3.23 -- 0.79

Mulch 30.88 56.39 0.14 15.52 0.14 13.76 -- 1.76 30.74 40.87

Miscellaneousb 74.25 167.72 61.09 91.88 22.73 28.33 38.36 63.55 13.17 75.84

Not used 0.30 0.98 0.27 0.69 0.25 0.67 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.29 State total 143.69 302.63 99.76 184.27 61.19 106.19 38.57 78.08 43.93 118.36

North Central and Western Unitsa

Fiber products 0.02 15.41 0.02 14.91 0.02 14.91 -- -- -- 0.50

Industrial fuel -- 3.85 -- 3.85 -- -- -- 3.85 -- -- Domestic fuel 0.07 7.27 0.07 6.48 0.07 3.25 -- 3.23 -- 0.79

Mulch 0.23 37.27 0.14 15.52 0.14 13.76 -- 1.76 0.09 21.75Miscellaneousb 18.48 154.12 5.31 78.28 -- 27.74 5.31 50.54 13.17 75.84

Not used 0.02 0.93 0.01 0.65 0.01 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.28

 Unit total 18.82 218.85 5.55 119.69 0.25 60.32 5.31 59.38 13.27 99.16

Southern

Fiber products 0.00 29.67 0.00 29.67 0.00 29.67 -- -- -- -- 

Industrial fuel -- 5.94 -- 5.86 -- 0.18 -- 5.68 -- 0.08

Domestic fuel 1.34 15.41 1.34 15.41 1.34 15.41 -- -- -- -- 

Mulch 0.57 18.87 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.57 18.87

Miscellaneousb 0.78 12.66 0.78 12.66 -- -- 0.78 12.66 -- -- 

Not used -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 

 Unit total 2.69 82.54 2.12 63.60 1.34 45.26 0.78 18.34 0.57 18.94

Lower Eastern Shore

Fiber products 25.60 -- 25.60 -- 25.60 -- -- -- -- -- 

Industrial fuel 11.22 -- 11.22 -- 11.04 -- 0.18 -- -- -- 

Domestic fuel -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 

Mulch 30.08 0.25 -- -- -- -- -- -- 30.08 0.25

Miscellaneousb 55.00 0.94 55.00 0.94 22.73 0.59 32.28 0.34 -- -- 

Not used 0.28 0.05 0.26 0.04 0.23 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01

 Unit total 122.18 1.24 92.09 0.98 59.60 0.62 32.48 0.36 30.09 0.26

a Combined to avoid disclosure of individual mills.b Livestock bedding, small dimension, and specialty items.

All table cells without observations are indicated by -- . Table value of 0.00 indicates the volume rounds to less than 5 green tons. Columns and rows may not add to their totals due to rounding.

Table 14.—Disposition of residues produced at primary wood-using mills, in thousand tons, green weight, by Forest Inventory Unit, disposition, residue type, and softwoods and hardwoods, Maryland, 2008
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The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on 

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(voice) or (202)720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 

Walters, Brian F.; Rider, Daniel R.; Piva, Ronald J. 2012. Maryland timber 

industry: an assessment of timber product output and use, 2008. Resour. 

Bull. NRS-64. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest 

Service, Northern Research Station. 52 p.

Presents recent Maryland forest industry trends; production and receipts of industrial 

roundwood; and production of saw logs, veneer logs, pulpwood, and other products 

in 2008. Logging residue generated from timber harvest operations is reported, 

as well as wood and bark residue generated at primary wood-using mills and 

disposition of mill residues.

KEY WORDS: industrial roundwood, harvest residue, mill residue, production, 

pulpwood, receipts, saw logs, veneer logs