From Vial and Health Statistics of the Nat”kmalCenter for Health Statistics Number 185 � March 30, 1989 

FJROPERWOF ~E “ 

PUBLICATIONSiIRANCH 

EDITORIAL LIBRARY 

AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes of Black Americans 

Provisional Data From the 1988 National Health Interview Survey 

Deborah A. Dawson, Ph.D. and Ann M. Hardy, Dr.P.H., Divisionof Health Interview Statistics 

Introduction 

This report is one of two special reports examining 

knowledge and attitudes about acquired immunodeficiency 

syndrome (AIDS) and the human immunodeficiency virus 

(HIV) among minority subgroups of the U.S. population. 

Based on data collected in the National Health Intewiew 

Survey (NHIS), the report descriies various aspects of 

AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behavior for black 

adults 18 years of age and over. It presents differentials by 

age, sex, and education for the black population and compares selected measures for black and white individuals. 

The second of these special reports (+ldvance Data Fmm 

Vial and Health StatMcs, No. 166) presents data for 

Hispanic adults and compares them with data for their 

non-Hispanic counterparts. 

Both reports are based on provisional data for the 

6-month period May-October 1988. These 6 months of data 

have been combined to provide a sufficient number of 

respondents to examine differences in knowledge among 

various subgroups of the black and white populations. 

Although some increases in knowledge occurred over this 

period, the changes were of similar magnitude for black 

and white adults and should not affect any comparisons 

made in this report. 

�

Since 1987, the National Center for Health Statistics 

has included a special set of supplemental questions on the 

adult population’s knowledge” and attitudes about AIDS 

and HIV in the NHIS. The first AIDS Knowledge and 

Attitudes Survey was in the field from August through 

December 1987. Provisional results of that survey were 

published on a monthly basis in Advance Data From Wd 

and Health Statistics (Nos. 146, 148, 150, 151, and 153). 

During the first 4 months of 1988, the NHIS AIDS queso	 tionnaire was revised to meet current program needs for 

information about AIDS awareness. 

The revised AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes Survey 

entered the field in May 1988. Provisional findings for the 

total population for the period May-October 1988 have 

been pub fished in Advance Dafa From Vtial and Health 

Skztistks, Nos. 160, 161, 163, and 164. All reports to date 

have included separate estimates for the total white population and total black population, but they have not examined differences by age, se% and education within these 

populations. 

The AIDS questionnaires were designed to estimate 

public knowledge and attitudes about AIDS transmission 

and prevention of AIDS virus infection. The data were 

needed as input for the planning and development of AIDS 

educational campaigns and for monitoring major educational efforts, such as the series of radio and television 

public service announcements entitled “Ainerica Responds 

to AIDS” and the brochure “Understanding AID!$” both 

developed by the Centers for Disease Control. 

The 1987 and 1988 AIDS questiomaires were developed by the National Center for Health Statistics and 

interagency working groups established by the Information, 

Education and Risk Factor Reduction Subcommittee of the 

Public Health Service Executive Task Force on AIDS. The 

working groups included representatives from the Centers 

for Disease Control; the National Institutes of Healt@ the 

Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administratio~ 

and the Health Resources and Services Administration. 

The current AIDS questiomaire includes items on 

sources of AIDS information; self-assessed level of AIDS 

knowledg~ basic facts about the AIDS virus and how it is 

transmitted; blood donation experien~, awareness of and 

experience with the blood test for the AIDS virus; perceived effectiveness of selected preventive measures; selfassessed chances of getting the AIDS virus; personal 

acquaintance with persons with AIDS or the AIDS viruy 

and willingness to take part in a proposed national seropreU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES . Public Health Service . Centers for Disease Control 
2 advarlcedata 

valence sumey. A general risk behavior question, similar to 

that asked by the Red Cross of potential blood donors, is 

included in the 1988 AIDS questiomaire. 

This report presents provisional data for May-October 

1988 for most items included in the AIDS questionnaire. 

Tables 1 and 2, for black and white adults respectively, 

display percent distributions of persons 18 years of age and 

over by response categories according to age, sex, and 

education. In most cases, the actual questions asked of the 

respondents are reproduced verbatim in tables 1 and 2, 

along with the coded response categories. In a few cases, 

questions or response categories have been rephrased or 

combined for clearer or more concise presentation of 

results. Refusals and other nonresponse categories are 

excluded from the denominator in the calculation of estimates, but responses of “don’t know” are included. 

Questions in the NH.IS AIDS sumey used the term 

“the AIDS virus” rather than HIV, because it was felt that 

the general population might not be familiar with the more 

scientific terminology when the survey began. In this report, 

“the AIDS virus” will be used in place of HIV when it 

reflects the way an individual question was worded. 

For this report, characterization of race is based on 

respondents’ descriptions of their racial backgrounds. For 

each member of a household, the household respondent for 

the main NHIS interview was asked ‘What is the number 

of the group that represents ‘s race?” The choices 

on the response card were Aleut, Eskimo, or American 

Indiaq &ian or Pacific Islandeq black; white; and another 

group not listed. In order to sirupli~ interpretation of racial 

differentials, only persons classified as black or white were 

included in this analysis. 

Selected findings 

Patterns of knowledge and attitudes about AIDS and 

HIV are essentially the same within the black population as 

for the U.S. population as a whole, with the greatest levels 

of knowledge in both groups occurring among the young 

and the well educated. Within categories of age, s% and 

education, knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS generally are similar for black and white adults. There are 

exceptions, though, especially in the area of perceived risk 

of HIV transmission through casual contact with infected 

individuals. The following highlights describe various aspects of AIDS knowledge and attitudes as observed in the 

NHIS data for the period May-October 1988, focussing on 

differentials within the black population and differences 

between black and white individuals. All differences cited in 

the text are statistically significant unless otherwise noted 

(see tables II and III for approximate standard errors of 

estimates). 

Sources of informah”onabout AIDS and HW–During 

the period May-October 1988; 86 percent of black adults 

reported having seen public service announcements about 

AIDS on television in the month preceding the NHIS 

interview, and 51 percent heard such announcements on 

the radio in the preceding month. Six&three percent of 

black adults reported ever having read brochures or pamphlets about AIDS, 43 percent in the month preceding the


NHIS interview. Black adults 18-49 years of age more


frequently reported all of these forms of exposure to AIDS


information than did individuals 50 years of age and over. o


~ has been shown for the general population, there was a


strong differential by education in the proportion of black


adults who reported each of the above sources of informa­


tion (figure 1). For example, the proportion of individuals


who had ever read brochures or pamphlets about AIDS ,


increased from 44 percent of black adults with less than 12


years of school to 79 percent of those with more than 12


years of school.


Black and white adults were equally likely to have seen 

AIDS public service announcements on television, but 

black adults more frequently reported having heard announcements on the radio (51 compared to 46 percent). 

This difference was most pronounced for persons with 12 

or more years of school. Black individuals were slightly 

more likely than their white counterparts to have read 

brochures or pamphlets about AIDS in the month preceding interview-especially among persons with 12 or more 

years of school. 

Black adults were less likely than white adults to report 

having received unsolicited AIDS brochures/pamphlets in 

the mail (33 versus 38 percent) and from the Federal 

Government (18 versus 29 percent) and were more likely 

than white adults to have obtained these materials at work 

(16 versus 11 percent) or at clinics (5 versus 2 percent). 

There was no difference by race in the proportion of 

o 

persons who reported getting AIDS pamphlets or brochures from private doctors. 

Sixty-two percent of all black adults with children between the ages of 10 and 17 years stated that their children 

had received AIDS education in school. This proportion is 

higher than the comparable proportion of white adults, 

57 percent. 

Genercd knowledge about AIDS and HIV-In terms of 

self-assessed knowledge about HIV and AIDS, 18 percent 

of black adults felt they knew a lot, 38 percent some, 

30 percent a little, and 13 percent nothing. The proportion 

of black adults claiming to know a lot about AIDS increased with education, from 8 percent of those with less 

than 12 years of school to 29 percent of those with more 

than 12 years. Black persons 50 years of age and over were 

less likely than younger adults to feel that they knew a lot 

about AIDS, 10 compared to 21 percent. 

In comparison to black adults, white adults were more 

likely to feel that they knew a lot or some about HIV/AIDS 

(23 and 44 percent, respectively) and less likely to feel that 

they knew little or nothing (25 and 7 percent). Among 

persons under age 30, though, there was no difference in 

self-assessed knowledge between black and white adults. 

Objective measures of general knowledge about HIV 

and AIDS varied by age as well for both black and white 

adults, with individuals 50 years of age and over consistently � 

less likely than younger adults to identi~ correctly selected 

statements about AIDS as definitely true or false. As 

illustrated in figure 2, persons with less than 12 years of 

school were less knowledgeable about the general facts of 
----- mfuanmriata -------- !? 

Evor S~W AIDS pU~iC 8WV1C- Ever heard AIDS pubik servke 

mnounoement on tolovislon announcement on thc,mdio 

100 

80 

61 

55 

20 

0 

100 - Ever read pamphlets or Chtidren 10-17 yearn of �ge 

mehfed AIDS �duoation in school 

80 

67 

~ 60 - 55 ~~ 

44 45 

~ - 0.40 

20 D 

o Less than 12 years More than Less than 12 years More than 

12 years 12 years 12 years 12 years 

SOiJRCi2National Center fof HeaIthSt8tistieq DivlsIon of Health interview Statistics, Nationai Heaith InterviewSuwey. 

Figure 1. Provisional �stimates of poment of biack and whit. �dutts �xposed to sslected sources of AIDS information, by 

a 

sdueetIomUntted States, May-Ootober 1986 

HIV and AIDS than were those with 12 or more years of 

schod, regardless of race. For the less well-known facts, 

there was also a difference in knowledge between persons 

with 12 years and with more than 12 years of school. For 

example, the proportion of black adults who thought a 

person could be infected with HIV and not have AIDS 

varied from 32 percent of individuals with less than 12 

years of school to 47 and 60 percent, respectively, of those 

with 12 years and those with more than 12 years of school. 

Within categories of edueation, there were few differences between black and white adults in general knowledge 

about HIV/ATDS. Both populations were equally aware of 

the risks of HIV transmission through sexual intercourse, 

perinatal eontaet, and shared needles for illegal drug use. In 

a few areas, however, black adults were less knowledgeable 

than white adults, for example, less likely to know that 

AIDS reduces the body’s natural protection against disease 

(60 versus 76 percent for all levels of education combined) 

and that a person ean be infected with HIV without having 

the disease AIDS (46 compared to 56 percent). 

hfrkptxeptbas about HIVtmnsmisswn-Since the first 

ata on AIDS knowledge and attitudes were collected in 

e 1987 NHIS, some of the most striking differences in 

knowledge between black and white adults have been in the 

area of HIV transmission. Although as likely as white 

adults to identi& correctly activities with high risks of HIV 

transmission, black adults were less likely to identi& correctly the low or nonexistent risks associated with casual 

contact with infeeted individuz-ds. 

Figure 3 shows the proportions of black and white 

adults who thought it very unlikely or definitely not possible 

to become infected with HIV in various ways. These proportions increased with edueation for both black and white 

adults, but within all categories of education were generally 

5-10 percentage points lower than for white adults. With 

respect to “working near someone with the AIDS virus: 

for example, the percentage of black adults who thought it 

very unlikely or definitely not Poss]lde to become infected 

with HIV in this manner increased horn 46 percent of 

persons with less than 12 years of school to 68 percent of 

those with 12 or more years; for white adults, the comparable proportions varied from 56 to 78 percent. 

In general, the forms of contact perceived as least 

threatening by both black and white adults were those that 

involve mere proximity to or casually touching a person 

infected with HIV. Those contacts seen as most threatening 

by members of both races involve potential exchange of 

saliva or blood. 

Blood donation and tesdng-One-third (34 percent) of 

all black adults in the United States reported ever having 

donated blood, including 8 percent who had done so since 

March 1985 (when routine screening for HIV antibodies 
I 

4 advancedata . 

AIDS Ieade to death 

There is no 6ure for 

AIDS at prasent 

Any person with the AIDS 

virus can pass It on 

to someone else during 

sexual Intercourse 

pro nant’ woman who has 

tf!e AIDS VII’UScan give 

the virus to her baby 

AIDS can reduce the 

body% natural protection 

against disease 

AIDS is an infectious 

disease caused by 

a vtrua 

A person can be infected 

with the AIDS virus and 

not have the disease AIDS 

A person who has the 

AIDS virus can look 

and feel healthy and wett 

12 years - More thmt 12 years 

(86) 

91 (09) 

9’1 (85) 

(79) 

(87) 

(91) 

(77) 

(83) 

(81) 

(73) 

(7$) 

(al) 

(54) 

(77) 

(08] 

(47) 

(61] 

(72) 

(36) 

(55) 

(68) 

(29) 

(46) 

(60) 

! 1 I I I r 

o 20 40 80 ao 100 -, Percent 

SOURCE: National Cantor for Health Statlstlcs, Dlvlslon of Health lntervIew Statlstlos, National Health Intervtew Survey. 

NOTE Flguras [n rmrenthesee are comrmrabte estimates for white adults 

Fi ure 2. Provisional estimates of percent of black adulte eJ=”ucation: United States, May-October 1988

began) and 3 percent who had done so in the year preceding interview. In comparison, 42 pereent of white adults 

had ever donated blood, including 14 percent since March 

198S and 7 pereent in the preceding year. 

Just ove!rhalf (55 pereent) of black adults believed that 

blood donations are now routinely tested, as compared to 

69 percent of white adults. Most of this difference can be 

explained by the lower proportion of black adults who had 

ever heard of the blood test to detect HIV antibodies— 

66 percent compared to 78 percent for white adults. 

The proportion of black adults who had ever heard of 

the blood test for HIV infection varied from 48 percent of 

those with less than 12 years of school to 70 and 

83 percent, respectively, of those with 12 and more than 12 

years. Persons 50 years of age and over were much less 

likely than those age 18-49 years to have heard of the test 

(50 versus 73 percent). 

In all; 14 percent of black adults had taken the blood 

test for HIV antibodies. This figure includes 7 percent who 

reported having had the test and another 7 percent who 

claimed they had not had their blood tested but who had 

donated blood since March 1985, when routine screening 

for HIV antibodies began. The proportion of black persons 

who ever had their blood tested for HIV infection 

decreased with age (from 19 percent of those age 18-29 

who thought selected statements about AIDS definitely true, b] 

years to 7 percent of those 50 years and over), increased 

with education (from 7 to 22 pereent, respectively, of those 

with less than 12 and more than 12 years of school), and 

was higher for men (17 percent) than for women 

(12 percent). 

White adults were slightly more likely than their black 

counterparts to have had their blood tested for HIV (17 

compared to 14 pereent), with all of the exeess falling into 

the category of individuals who did not report having had 

their blood tested but who had donated blood since automatic screening began. Among persons who had been 

tested for HIV, the proportion who had done so voluntarily 

(as opposed to in connection with blood donation/transfusion or some other activity entaiti.ng routine screening of 

blood for HIV antibodies) was almost twice as high for 

black as for white adults (27 versus 14 percent). 

Ten percent of black adults reported plans to have their 

blood tested for HIV antibodies in the next 12 months, a 

figure that deelined with age from 15 pereent of persons 

aged 18-29 years to 4 percent of those 50 years of age and 

over. Of the black individuals who reported plans to b 

tested, 72 percent stated that the test would be performed* 

on a voluntary basis; 19 percent said the test would be 

carried out in connection with blood donation/transfusion, 

and 21 pereent said it would be performed as part of some 
More

afhranctwiata !i “- . w .—----

E%lLass than 12 years m 12 years m thanI’Y-s

LIting near u hospltai or home for AIDS patients 

(68) 

(82} 

82 (s0) 

Shaking hands, touchlng,or klssln on the 

cheek someone who has the AID% vlnre 

$5; 

7s (81) 

Attending school with a chttd who 

has the AIDS virus 

(59)


(72)


75 (82)


Working near �orneone with tho AIDS virus 

(56) 

(68) 

(78) 

thing public toilets 

o	 20 40 60 80 100 

Percent 

SOURCE National Center for Health StatIettcA DlvIelon of HeaIth Interview 

NOTE Figures tn parentheses �re comparable esthnates for white adults 

-.. . . .. . .. . ..-

Sharing platea, forks, or lasses vvlth 

someone who has the x IDS virus 

(36] 

{45) 

4% (56) 

Being coughed on or sneezed on by 

someone who has the AIDS vlms 

(32] 

{44) ,, 48 {53) 

Eating In a restaurant where 

the cook has the AIDS virus 

Mosquitoes or other insects 

(33) 

39 # 

43 

KIesIng-wNh exchange of sallvaa person who has the AIDS vhus 

0 20 40 60 80 100 

Percent 

Stathnics, National Health Interview Survey 

... . . . .. ..–. –- —-——----- .-A-L-_-—- Figur* % Provisional estimatoe of porc*nt or Black �mme wno mwugrmu very unmery or aeumrely not POOSIUIS10 oucom~ 

tnfected with HtV fn selected ways, by education: Unltad States, May-October 1988 

other activity requiring a blood sample (e.g., military 

induction). 

Plans for future HIV testing differed sharply for black 

and white adults. Black individuals were almost twice as 

likely to report plans for testing (10 versus 6 percent), and 

of those with plans to be tested a greater proportion 

planned to do so on a voluntary basis (72 versus 

49 percent). In contrast, white adults more frequently 

stated that the test would be performed as part of blood 

donation/transfusion, 46 percent compared to 19 percent 

for black persons. 

Seven percent of all black adults and 6 percent of 

white adults received blood transfusions between 1977, 

when HIV is thought to have entered the United States, 

and 1985, when routine screening of blood donations for 

HIV began. As of May-October 1988, one-third 

(34 percent) of black adults believed that the blood supply 

was safe for transfusions. This proportion increased with 

education, but at all levels of education it was about 

O percentage points lower than the figure for white adults. 

prevention of HW transmi.rswn —’llventy-nine percent 

@ f black Anericans evaluated use of condoms as very 

effective in preventing HIV transmission, and 47 percent 

considered this method somewhat effective. Only 8 percent 

thought condoms not at all effectiv~ 17 percent either did 

not know of the method or did not know how effective it is. 

Perceived effectiveness of condoms increased with education. The proportion of black adults who considered this 

method to be very or somewhat effective in preventing HIV 

transmission increased from 58 percent of those with less 

than 12 years of school to 89 percent of those with more 

than 12 years; for white adults, the comparable proportions 

varied from 69 to 93 percent. 

The proportion of black adults who considered maintaining a monogamous relationship with a seronegative 

individual to be a very effective means of protection against 

HIV infection was 71 percent, considerably lower than the 

estimate of 84 percent for white adults. This proportion 

increased with education, from 59 percent of black persons 

with less than 12 years of school (compared to 73 percent 

of white individuals with this level of education) to 

81 percent of those with 12 or more years (90 percent for 

white adults). 

Perceived risk of HIV infection-Seventy-one percent 

of black adults felt there was no chance of their becoming 

infected with HIV, and 19 percent asssessed their chance 

of infection as low. Three percent felt their risk was medium, and less than 1 percent reported a high risk. Another 

1 percent thought their was a high chance that they were 

already infected with HIV. Six percent did not know their 

risk of HIV infection. In the white population, a slightly 

higher proportion (74 percent) of adults felt that they were 
� 

6 advancedata 

at no risk of becoming infected with HIV, whereas slightly 

fewer (3 percent) did not know their degree of risk. 

Perceived risk of infection increased with education but 

decreased with age for both black and white adults. Women 

were slightly more likely than men to assign themselves into 

the “no risk” category, 74 compared to 66 percent in the 

black population and 78 compared to 71 percent in the 

white population. 

Four percent of black adults reported themselves as 

belonging to one or more groups associated with excess risk 

of HIV infection: homosexual men, intravenous drug users, 

hemophiliacs, etc. For white adults, the proportion was 

2 percent. Black men were more likely than black women 

to report belonging to these groups, 6 compared to 

2 percent. Among white adults, the proportion reporting 

themselves as belonging to one or more of these groups did 

not differ by sex: 3 percent for men and 2 percent for 

women. 

Fourteen percent of black adults reported knowing 

someone with AIDS or HIV, compared to 10 percent of 

white adults. This proportion increased with education for 

members of both races, reaching 21 percent of black adults 

with 12 or more years of school. 

Reaction to government AIDS efforts— Seventy percent o 

of black Americans stated that they would be willing to 

participate in a national seroprevalence survey, about the 

same proportion as for white individuals. Likewise, the 

percent of persons who stated that they believed information about AIDS supplied by the Federal Government was 

similar for black and white adults (64 and 65 percent), and 

the proportion that believed government advice about how 

to keep from getting AIDS was only slightly lower for black 

than white individuals (76 versus 79 percent). Among persons with 12 or more years of schoo~ though, the differences were larger. In this most highly educated category, 

black adults were less likely than white adults to trust 

government information (64 versus 71 percent) and advice 

(79 versus 85 percent) and to indicate willingness to participate in the national seroprevalence survey (66 versus 

74 percent). 
advancedata 7 

Table 1. Provisiormi estimates of the percent of biack �duits 18 yeara of age �nd over with aeiected AiDS knowiedge and attitudes from 

the 1988 Nationai Heaith interview Survey, by age, sex, �nd education: United States, May-October 1988 

ata are based on household Interviews of the chMan nonlnstttulbnalized populatbn. The survey design, generai quailficafbns, and informatbn on the reliabilii of 

e estimates are given In technk.ai notes] 

@ 

Age sax Eduoetlon 

1849 30-49 50 ~ Less than More than 

AIDS knowled@ or atthfda Total jmm ymrs and over Male Female 12years 12j@9rs 12@ars 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Icm 100 100 100 la) 100 100 Im 100 

1. in the past month, have you1a. Seen any publlo servke announoemenb about AIDS on 

televworr? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 66 90 60 65 87 77 ee 93 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 11 9 16 13 11 20 9 6 

Don’t know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 1 4 2 2 3 1 1 

1b. Heard any pubilc aervlotr announcements abmrt AiDS on 

the radb? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 56 55 39 55 49 3e 55 61 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 39 41 56 42 47 56 42 35 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 4 5 3 4 5 3 4 

2. Were any of those publlc servioe announoaments oalled 

“Arnertoa	 Respmcts to AiDS”? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3s 33 20 37 31 26 3a 31 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 13 10 13 12 11 12 14 

Donlkno%v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 39 45 52 43 47 44 43 49 

Nelfher heard norsawany pubiioservice announcements. . 12 8 9 18 12 11 19 9 6 

3. In the past month, have you read any broohures or pamphlets 

aboutAiDS? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 45 50 32 2a 47 30 46 55 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 54 49 66 61 52 66 54 44 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 

4.	 Have you ever reed any brcchures or pamphiets about AiDS? 

Ye.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 66 70 49 5S 87 44 m 79 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 31 30 49 40 32 54 31 21 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 1 

Where did you get the pamphlets or broohuras?l ‘z 

Ciinlo,otharthanworkciinlc.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 8 2 4 7 8 6 4 

@ Dootor’sofffoa(HMO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DrwJstore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12 

3 

13 

3 

1: 

3 

11 

3 

9 

3 

15 

3 

9 

5 

13 

3 

14 

3 

Pubtiohaaffhdepertrnant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5 4 3 4 4 5 

ReoaNedinmaHwNhoufasking.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 29 34 40 32 34 2 2 31 

RedCross/RedCrossbboddonatbn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 

Otherbiocddonatbn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 

school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1: 5 3 9 7 10 6 10 

Senf/phonedfor/requastedR.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 

Federel/Sfafe/locelgovamrnent... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 15 16 24 18 18 21 17 16 

Work,ofherthancilnkornurse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 15 20 12 18 15 7 15 23 

Work, nurseorcllnic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3 2 6 2 4 6 

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1: 1: 18 16 19 15 11 20 16 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 

15. Have you ~ dhoussad AiDS wtth any of your children 

aged	 10-17? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 u 64 42 41 73 47 63 68 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 56 36 56 5e 27 53 37 31 

Oonlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

16.	 Have any or all of y~ur children aged 10-17 heci Instrucfbn at 

aohooiaboufAiDS? 

Yea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 47 62 89 58 65 55 67 69 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 21 11 2 10 11 6 12 14 

Donlkncw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 32 27 30 33 24 39 21 28 

21.	 How much would you say you know about AIDS? 

Alot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 20 22 10 17 8 18 29 

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 50 42 21 36 : 25 42 49 

Aitlfie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 26 30 35 31 30 37 32 20 

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4 6 33 15 12 30 7 2 

Don’timow.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 

22. Tothebestofyour knowiedge,tsthere adifferensebefween 

having	 the AiDS vtrus and having the disease AfDS? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 59 62 40 55 55 35 55 77 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 25 *9 12 18 20 19 23 13 

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 o 0 0 0 0 1 0 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2a 15 18 47 26 25 45 21 9 

3s. AiDSoan reduce lhebody's nalurel protectbn against dbease. 

Definiteiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 66 67 43 83 57 40 62 76 

Probabiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 11 17 13 14 16 14 10 

0 Probeblyfetse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 5 2 

Definifeiyfaise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 5 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 10 13 31 16 18 34 12 6 

SOOfdnOtOsatmd oftable. 
8 advanceciata 

Table 1. Provisional estimates of the percent of black adults 18 years of age �nd over with selected AIDS knowledge �nd attitudes from 

the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, by age, sex, �nd education: United States, May-October 1988-Con. 

[Data are based on houmhold Interviewsof the clvlliennoninstttutkmallzedpopulation.The surveydesign,general qualifioatbns,and Informatbn on the reliabilityof 

the estimatesare given Inteohnicalnotes] 

23b. 

23C. 

23d. 

23e. 

23f. 

239. 

23h. 

231. 

23j. 

23k. 

231. 

AIDS knowbdge or afflfude 

AIDS tsespeciallysommon in older people. 

Deflnifeiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definitelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’t know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

AtDS can damage the brain. 

Definitelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probabtytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnlfelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’lknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

AIDS usuallyleadsto heart dlsaea. 

Deflnilelytru e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definiielyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

AIDSiseninfeofious dlseesecausedby avkus. 

Definltelytru e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definitelyfalee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Taenagers cannot gel AIDS. 

Definltelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfabe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definitelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

AIDS leads to death. 

Definitelylrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probeblyfabe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definlfelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Apereonoanba Infactedwiththe AIDSvirusand not have the 

dtseaseAIDS. 

Definttelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrua. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnitelyfalsa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Lookingat a person Is enough to tell if he or she has the 

AIDS virus. 

Deflntlelyirue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probeblytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probeblyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Defirdlelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Any parsonwtihthe AIDS viruscan pass il onto someone else 

duringsexual intercourse. 

Definltelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

PmhblyfalW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnltelyfatse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Apersonwhohas theAIDSvirussen Iookandfealhealthy 

and well. 

Definttelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probebiytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnttelyfalse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Apregnantwoman whohestheAIDS vlruscan ghfetheAIDS 

virusto her beby. 

Deflnltelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablytme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnitelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

o 

Age sex Educatbn 

IE-29 W9 50 years Less ttran Mom than 

Total years YEWS and over Male Female 12years 12 pars 12~rs 

2 2 2 2 3 1 3 1 1 

3 4 2 3 3 2 5 3 0 

16 19 14 16 17 15 17 15 15 

67 66 75 56 64 70 52 73 76 

~2 7 6 24 12 12 23 6 5 

30 27 32 30 31 28 26 29 

31 30 31 32 31 31 30 30 

7 10 6 4 5 7 5 7 

6 8 6 2 5 6 3 7 

27 25 25 33 27 27 34 28 

12 10 12 14 11 13 16 9 12 

24 24 25 24 25 24 22 26 24 

12 14 14 6 12 13 9 11 16 

11 15 13 6 14 10 7 14 13 

40 38 37 48 38 4t 47 39 33 

60 66 66 46 61 59 46 65 69 

18 20 15 21 18 19 19 19 17 

2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 

3 3 4 3 3 3 3 4 

16 9 13 28 15 17 29 1: 8 

1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 

1 1 1 1 1 i 2 1 

5 3 6 4 

67 4 92 7: 87 88 7: 4 

5 1 3 13 5 6 13 2 

68 90 92 61 68 89 83 91 91 e 

6 6 5 6 6 7 7 6 7 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 

4 1 2 9 4 4 8 2 1 

46 53 32 47 45 32 47 60 

22 z 19 21 19 23 19 23 23 

4 4 5 5 4 4 2 

11 7 : 7 8 : 6 

2: 9 17 38 4 21 37 15 9 

3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 2 

5 7 3 6 6 5 6 6 3 

17 16 16 16 16 16 19 18 13 

62 70. 69 46 61 63 47 65 77 

13 4 10 27 11 14 24 9 5 

61 63 66 73 61 82 77 65 62 

12 13 9 13 12 11 10 12 13 

1 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 

1 : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

5 2 3 12 5 5 11 3 2 

40 45 48 25 43 36 28 43 51 

29 33 27 27 26 31 25 29 33 

7 8 6 9 8 7 8 7 5 

6 7 7 9 8 8 9 10 4 

16 7 12 30 15 16 29 11 7 

79 83 84 67 76 61 72 82 62 

14 12 12 18 14 13 15 13 13 

0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 � 

1 0 1 1 1 1 

; 3 4 14 : 6 12 : 4 

Seefcdrotesatendoftable. 
acivanceciata 9 

Table 1. Provisional estimates of the percent of black �dults 18 years of �ge �nd over with �eleoted AIDS knowledge and attitudes from 

ethe 1988 Natfonal Heafth Interview Survey, by �ge, ae& �nd educatiom United States, May-ootober 1968-Con. 

Data are based on household interviews of the cMllarr noninstitufbnelfzed POpulatbn. The survey deskgn, general quatiffoatbns, and informalbn on the reliability of 

the estknates are given in taohnrcel notes] 

23n. 

24. 

24a. 

24b. 

2*. 

24d. 

24e. 

24f. 

24g. 

AIDS /moWe@e or affWde 

There is a vaooine avatlabte to the pubtio tht+ profeofs a person 

fmm getting the AtDS VkUS. 

Definilety true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probably true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probabfyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Daffnttetyfrdse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DorNknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

There Is no cure for AtDS at present. 

DaftnWfytrua.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Probabiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Prob@Jfalsa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnlteiy false . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

How Ilkety do you thtnk # Is that a person wII get AIDS or the 

AtDS vkua infectbn fromLMng near a twspltal or home forAtDS patients? 

Varyllkety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhat llkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sornewlmtunllkety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deffnlfetyno tpossibl a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Working near someone wHh the AtDS vklJS? 

Verylwiy.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SonwWatitkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawh@ unllkety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DaflnttetynotPc41slble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

kaflnghamsfaurant wharathecookhaethe AtDSvtrus? 

Veryllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

somewhatl~aiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewh@unllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DefttWetynotpossibta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Kissing-wlthexchmge ofsallva-aprson wtIohasthe 

AIDS VkUS? 

Veryllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.%rnawhafllkaty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sornewhafunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunlikety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deftnkeiynotpcdble. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Shaklnghands,touohlng, orklselngonthecheek someone 

whohastheAIDS vkus? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SorneWatllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sornewhatunllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunlikety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnifelynotposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sharfngptafes,forks, orglasseswithsomeone whohasthe 

AIDS VkUS? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SomeWmtlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SomeWwdunllkety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Daflnttelynolposslbla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Dor_Rknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Usklgpublictoibte? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhatlikeiy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhafunllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definitetynotposeible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

A@? sex Education 

lam 3049 5owars Law tharr Mom than 

Tofal ymrs ywts doter M@ Fernata 12years 12 Jaars 12y&ats 

Per’centdisfrtbutbn’ 

2 3 3 3 2 4 2 1 

4 : 4 4 5 5 3 

13 9 11 11 1: 1: 10 

: 66 69 46 63 62 : 66 76 

20 12 15 36 18 22 34 16 10 

79 62 64 70 60 79 71 81 65 

7 6 6 11 6 6 10 6 7 

1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 

4 6 3 2 5 3 3 5 3 

8 5 6 14 6 8 14 6 4 

4 4 4 3 4 4 5 4 2 

5 6 3 5 5 6 6 3 

10 8 1: 10 9 10 10 

37 : 36 33 39 35 33 37 47 

33 34 32 23 30 35 22 36 41 

12 6 7 24 12 12 24 7 4 

4 4 5 5 4 7 4 

11 12 10 1: 12 11 12 12 1: 

15 16 13 15 15 14 14 14 15 

34 35 36 28 34 34 28 35 40 

25 26 28 17 24 25 16 27 28 

11 5 7 22 10 11 21 7 5 

E 

11 

24 

9 

18 

11 

24 

11 

25 

10 

19 

12 

23 L! 7 

21 

13 13 15 10 12 15 10 13 

24 25 26 19 22 25 19 24 $ 

14 17 17 9 13 15 11 16 16 

16 9 ~4 28 17 16 26 13 10 

27 

27 

25 

29 z 

30 

26 

28 

26 

27 

26 

29 

24 2 21 

33 

11 13 12 9 12 11 8 12 14 

13 15 15 7 15 11 10 12 17 

7 7 5 8 6 7 

14 10 1: 2 14 15 23 1: 6 

4 3 4 6 4 4 7 4 2 

9 9 7 12 10 8 10 10 6 

17 12 14 13 13 16 13 

: 37 37 31 2 34 31 33 43 

27 31 32 18 24 30 20 30 33 

11 4 8 21 10 11 20 8 4 

13 11 13 15 13 13 12 10 

20 19 18 25 20 20 z 21 17 

13 15 13 11 10 15 

24 28 25 17 ~ 2 18 : 31 

18 16 20 9 15 17 11 19 18 

14 8 12 23 13 14 21 11 9 

9 9 7 10 9 9 5 

16 15 13 20 16 1: : 17 10 

13 17 11 10 16 

28 29 : 20 : : 21 : 36 

20 22 23 13 19 20 13 22 24 

15 9 12 25 13 16 24 12 7 

S8efudmtssatemi oftable. 
10 advancedata 

Table 1. Provlalonal estimates of the percent of black �dults 18 years of age and over with selected AIDS knowfedge and attitudea from 

the 1988 Natfonal Health Interview Survey, by age, aax, and education: United Statea, May-October 1988-Con. 

[Data are based on household Intetviewe of the civillan nonlnstttulbnalized Populatbn. The survey design, general qualifkatlorrs, and Informafbn on the reliability of 

the estimates are given In Ieohnisal notes] e 

Age sex Educethm 

18-29 30-49 50 years Less than Mo# ttrarr 

AIDS knowledge or aftltude Total years years and over Mate Female 12yeers 12years 12y9ar3 

24h. 

24L 

24j. 

24k. 

25. 

26a. 

26b. 

27. 

28. 

29a. 

29b. 

30. 

Sharing needles for drug use with someone who t_rasthe 

AIDS VkUS? 

Verylikely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawhatlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.%mewhat unllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Defintlelynotposelble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Being coughed or sneezed on by someone who has the 

AIDSVII’US? 

Veryllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawhatllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6omewhatunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definlfelynotposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Affandingsohoolwilh achildwhohasthe AtDSvirus? 

Veryllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . .../ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhafllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.%mawhafunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definttelynotpossible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Moequttoesor other Insects? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhatllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawhatunlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definifelynolposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you ever donated blood? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you donated blood since March 1985? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you donated blood In the pest 12 months? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donllmow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you ever heard of a bloodtestthat oan deteofthe AIDS 

vlruslnfecflon? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’f know. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

To the best of your knowledge, are blood donatbns routinely 

testednowforthe AIDSvirusinfactbn? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...<.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’lknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheardoftest4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you ever received oounsellng or had a talk with a health 

professbnal about taking the AIDS virus test? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don7know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheardoftest’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wasthedisousskm-l’5 

Wlthaprtvafedoctot? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Atafamlly-plannlngclinlo?.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

OnanAIDShotline? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Alaprenatalcllnk? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Atari STDoreexuaHytransmitfed disease clink? . . . . . . . 

Atari AIDS/HIV counseling andtestlngslfe? . . . . . . . . . . 

Wifhsome other healfhprofessbnal?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wnhsomeothercounselor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Durtngthat dkcussbn, didyoureoeIve inform#bn about how 

to avoid getting or passing on the AIDS virus? 

Yes.-. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Percentdlstributbnl 

91 94 93 64 90 91 64 93 

4 3 3 5 4 3 5 3 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 ! 0 1 1 : 1 

4 1 2 10 4 4 9 2 

10 6 8 14 10 15 9 6 

22 20 19 22 25 : 26 22 19 

15 20 15 11 15 16 11 

23 27 27 15 23 23 16 E : 

14 16 16 6 13 14 6 16 17 

16 9 13 26 14 17 24 13 6 

3 2 3 5 3 3 5 3 

9 9 7 11 10 7 11 : 13 14 13 13 14 13 1: 13 

35 37 37 2e 35 34 E 33 42 

27 31 31 18 25 30 32 33 

13 7 e 24 12 13 E 9 6 

12 12 12 11 13 10 11 9 

19 21 16 21 21 16 z 19 18 

9 10 6 9 8 10 

20 23 2: 15 20 ; 16 : 25 

16 17 16 11 14 9 20 16 

25 17 23 35 23 z 32 21 20 

34 25 38 39 45 25 30 30 43 

56 75 62 61 55 75 70 70 57 

0 0 0 i 1 0 1 0 0 

6 9 4 10 7 9 14 

91	 : 91 e6 90 92 2 91 85 

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 

3 5 3 1 3 3 1 

97 95 96 98 98 97 98 4 9: 

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 

66 75 72 50 64 66 48 70 83 

26 21 24 43 30 27 45 25 74 

5 4 5 6 6 5 7 5 4 

55 64 62 36 55 55 36 59 72 

3 4 3 2 3 3 3 4 

e 6 7 10 6 : 9 7 7 

34 26 26 51 36 32 52 31 17 

5 7 5 2 7 3 3 4 6 

61 66 86 47 57 64 45 65 74 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

34 25 28 54r 36 32 52 30 17 

47 40 51 56 46 48 51 26 60 

13 20 7 9 14 13 13 27 4 

2 1 9 2 1 3 

9 15 3 9 6 14 10 10 6 

6 7 4 9 9 1 2 12 2 

9 7 10 17 11 6 16 10 

39 33 44 44 38 40 39 2 41 

13 11 15 16 11 17 6 10 16 

79 63 75 64 7e 61 69 86 77 0

19 15 24 16 21 17 22 12 23 

1 2 1 1 2 8 

See bctrdee al end of table. 
� 

advancedata 11 

Table 1. Provisional estimates of the percent of black �dults 18 years of age �nd over with selected AIDS knowledge and �ttitudes from 

the 1966 National Heafth Intorviaw Survey, by �ge, se% and sducatlom United States, May-October 1988-Con. 

Data are based on household Interviews of the civilian noninstitutbnaltzect population. The survey daslgn, general quatiflcatlorLs, and Inforrnatbn on the reliebiltty of 

he estimates are gNen in taohnioal notes] 

a 

31. 

32. 

33. 

35a. 

35b. 

36. 

3s. 

41. 

42. 

t 

44a. 

44). 

45. 

45a. 

AW sex Edu&itbrr 

16-29 &w’=@ 50 pars Las lhan More than 

AIDS krimWe@a or attMkie TAt ysars yaws end over MaIe Female 12yaars 12 years 12 years 

Have you aver h-sen advised by a hearth professionalnot to 

have the bbod test for the AJDS virus Infaofbn? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Never heard oftast’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you ever bwn advised by friends or relatives not to have 

the blX test for the AIDS virus Infection? 

No.::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::


Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


N6verh6ard oftest4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Have you had your btood tested for the AtDS vkus Infectbn? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

N6varh6aKf of16st4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

How many tlrrwjs have You had your blood tested for the AIDS 

Virus Irtfectbn? 

Inca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Twlca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Mtinws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6-12tknes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Morathan 12times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

NaverhefaKfoforn6vartookteslB.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Hwmanytkneskt thepast12monlhs ~veyouhadyour 

Moodtestedforthe AIDSvlruskrfectbn? 

Nonektfhs~t12rnonths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Morethanonoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Nevarhaardoforrtevertooktest”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wasthetes~re snyofthet~ts, ktcluding thoseyouhad 

beforathepest12 months-l” 

Partotabboddonatbn?e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Pattofabloodtranstusbn?o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Votuntartlysought? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

P@&m@m@wtMrqukaabMMple? . . 

Dldyougefthe resulfs ofyourtesf/anyof yourtests?” 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Do you expect to have a bbod test for the AIDS virus Infecfbn 

lnth6nexf12months? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Nevarheardoftesf4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

WHl the test fM-i’10 

Partofablooddonatton? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Voluntarlfysought? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

P*ti=medhw*N~tMr~ulmabitiw@e? . . 

Dldyouhaveablood tranfusbnafeny tlmabetween 

1977and19S57 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Doyouthlnkthe presenf Supplyofbkatte sdefortranfusbns? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Dear.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Haraaresornemefhods peopbusetoprevent gettingtheAtDS 

vkusthroughsextml acttvffy.i+cweffeottve k– 

Uslngadbphragm? 

Veryaffecflve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhateffeottva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notatalleffeotive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknowhoweffeottve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknowmethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Percantdistribufbni 

0 0 o 0 0 0 

e6 74 7: 49 64 67 4s 69 62 

o 0 0 0 o 0 

34 25 2s 51 36 32 52 31 17 

0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 

66 74 71 49 63 66 48 69 82 

0 0 

: 25 28 50 36 32 52 31 1; 

14 19 15 7 17 12 7 14 22 

52 55 57 42 47 56 41 55 61 

2 2 1 2 2 2 2 

32 23 27 49 d 30 5; 29 16 

5 6 5 3 6 4 2 5 7 

1 1 1 0 2 1 1 i 2 

2 1 1 2 0 0 1 2 

: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

0 0 0 0 

9 ; 3 ; 7 3 7 1: 

2 81 36 93 83 89 93 86 79 

1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 

5 7 5 2 7 ; 3 5 7 

1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 

; ““7 3 6 6 3 7 10 

86 87 85 93 83 89 93 66 78 

54 5s 55 42 49 61 41 59 54 

1 0 1 1 2 1 

A 2 27 29 29 24 30 2: 30 

23 22 22 26 30 14 27 25 19 

72 70 77 68 71 75 82 6S 70 

27 30 22 32 29 25 18 31 29 

0 0 0 0 

10 15 11 4 12 9 9 11 

49 51 53 40 45 52 34 51 E 

7 8 7 7 7 5 7 9 

34 25 26 4 36 32 52 3a 17 

23 18 8 21 16 21 24 12 

E 70 76 68 69 76 66 73 77 

21 21 20 26 28 13 26 16 24 

7 6 8 6 6 7 6 7 6 

92 94 91 92 93 92 92 92 92 

1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 

34 35 34 31 36 32 25 36 41 

34 3s 36 27 32 36 36 36 2s 

32 27 30 42 32 33 3s 29 30 

5 7 5 4 8 3 6 6 4 

12 13 12 11 11 13 10 13 13 

47 50 55 33 40 53 31 46 63 

24 21 20 34 26 24 33 23 16 

11 9 8 16 15 8 20 9 5 

8mrcCwotwsrendoftnbls. 
� 

12 advancedata 

Table 1. Provisional estimates of the percent of black adults 18 years of age and over with selected AIDS knowledge and attitudes from 

the 1988 Natfonai Heaith intewiew Survey, by age, sex, and education: United States, May-October 1988-Con. 

[Data are based on household Intervlewe of the civilian nonlnstttutionalized papulatlan. The survey design, general cfualifkalions, and informafbn on the reliability of 

the estlmatea era gtven in tachnkal notes] 

a’ 

Age sex Educatkvr 

16-29 3CH9 50 years Less than More than 

AIDS knowledge or attitude Total years y6WS and over Male Female 12years 12yW’s 12years 

Percem awmman’ 45b. Using a condom? 

Veryeffective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 34 31 2a 32 26 25 343 31 

Somewhat effective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 49 51 39 45 46 34 40 66 

Notatall effacttve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7 9 9 7 9 12 8 5 

Donlknow howeffectMe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8 8 25 13 13 23 10 5 

Donlknowmelhod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 1 9 3 4 7 2 1 

45C. Using a spannkidal jelly, foam, or cream? 

Veryeffectlve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 3 1 4 2 3 2 3 

Somewhat effacttve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 15 13 9 13 12 10 13 15 

Notatall effeotlve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 5a 56 35 40 54 36 51 56 

Don’flmow howeffecfive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 23 21 39 3a 24 35 25 19 

Don’timow mettmd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8 7 16 13 8 15 9 6 

45d. Having a vasectomy? 

Veryeffacttve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 1 

SomewhatetfectNe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6 3 3 4 3 5 3 

Notetalleffective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 m 66 42 54 60 41 4 76 

Don’tknowhoweffectlve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 22 19 33 26 23 32 24 14 

Donlknowmethad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 9 10 21 13 12 20 12 6 

45%. Two people who do not have the AIDS virus having sex only 

w~h each othefl 

Veryeffective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 73 76 61 71 70 59 72 61 

Somewhateffactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 14 13 13 12 14 13 14 12 

Notatalleffecfive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6 5 4 5 5 7 5 

Don’flmowhoweffective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 6 16 9 8 16 6 : 

Don’tknowmethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 1 5 3 3 5 3 1 

46.	 Whal are your chances of having the AIDS virus? 

High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 2 0 2 2 0 

Medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 2 1 2 : : 2 

Low. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 19 16 9 17 13 9 14 2: 

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 74 74 62 73 79 60 76 71 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4 5 8 6 5 8 6 3 

47.	 What are your chances of getting the AfDS vkus? 

High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 

Medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 

Low. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 24 22 11 21 77 10 21 

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 67 67 79 66 74 77 69 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4 4 9 6 5 9 4 

High chanc.eofatreadyhavlngAIDSvirus. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 2 0 2 1 1 2 

49. DO YOUWY yoy~ chance of getflng AIDS ls high or medium 

because	 you– 

Havehadablaadtransfuskm?... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2 13 9 10 7 15 4 

Have had s@xual contact wth someone who might have 

thevirus? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 31 19 16 27 18 44 11 21 

Someotherreason? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 61 64 57 57 57 35 56 74 

52.	 Have you ever discussed AIDS with a friend or relafMe? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 67 71 45 62 63 45 66 78 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 32 28 55 36 37 65 34 21 

Don’tknow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 

53. when was the last time you dlscussad AIDS with a friend or 

relattve? 

0-3dayaago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 9 14 6 10 10 11 12 

4-7daysago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 12 17 10 14 13 1: 13 17 

6-14daysago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8 8 5 7 7 4 8 9 

15-31 daysago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 16 12 6 12 12 7 14 “ 16 

Morethan31 daysago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 18 15 9 14 15 10 14 19 

Donlknow. . . 5 4 5 4 5 

Neverdbcus@{2”:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 36 33 2 $ 4 36 66 2 22 

54. Have you ever personally known anyone with AIDS or the 

AIDS	 VirUS? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 14 19 9 14 15 9 14 21 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 63 70 66 63 82 87 63 76 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 

55.	 Howlonghesttbean slnceyouaawthis person? 

Withlnp6s12weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

2weekWessthan l month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

lmonth-feesthan3months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 2 1 1 1 : 1 

3monthe-lesethan6months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 

6monlhsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10 11 5 9 10 7 8 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 0 

NeverknewanyonewifhAIDS1s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : 4 81 91 66 65 91 : 79 

am fodnotes atendof tsble. 
� 

advamedata 13 

Table 1. Provisional estimates of the percent of black adults 18 years of age �nd over with selected AIDS knowledge and �ttitudes from 

the 1988 Natfonal Health lntervlew Survey, by age, se& and education: United States, May-October 1988-Con. 

[Dafa are based on household tntervlsws of me chilian noninstitutionalized populatbn. The survey design, generef quallfioations, and Informatbn on the reliablltly of 

the estimates are given in teohnkal notes] 

o 

56. 

57. 

53. 

0


59. 

61. 

62. 

AIDS krroWe@e oraffflude 

iiOW well do yOU know thb fW30ft? 

Verywell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Fakktywell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notverywell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlreally knowpereonally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Diner.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don? know how well. . . . 

Nwerknwmyow MhND6f3: ::::: :::::::::::: 

Is any of these statements true for you? 

a You have hamophilLa and have raseived clotting factor 

ooncenlrates slnoe 1977. 

b. You area native of Haiti or Central or East AfrWa who has 

entered the Unitd states slnoa 1977. 

c.You-ammtiWWWMhmotMm~-e 

tkne since 1977, even 1 tkme. 

d. You have taken Hbgal drugs by needle at any time since 

1977. 

e.	 SInse 1977, you are or have bean the sax partner of any 

pereon who woutd answer yes to any of the Items above 

(57 a-d). 

f. You have had sax for money or drugs at any tkne slnsa 

1977. 

Yestoat least l statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notoafl stafenkents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Refused. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

The U.S. Pubtlo Heatth Service has add that AJDS is orw of the 

mafor health pmbtams in the COUntry but eX$OfIY how many 

- If affSOts b not kncwn. The Surgeon General has 

proposed that a study be conducted and blood samples be 

taken to help find out how wkfespread the problem ks.It you 

were eebofed h thts natbnal sample of peopis to trave their 

bbOd tested wflh oSSU~ of Prkr$oy Of test KrSUttS,would 

you have the test? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Why wouldnl you take pal In the t6st?14 

Donlwmtto know Klhave AIDS..... . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlwanteny oounsellng about AtDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Faarl’ll gef AIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Dork’fllke loglveblood . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donltrust Government programs . . ...’. . . . . . . . . . . . 

Ifksawasta of money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Dork’tbWeveAtDScanra aliybacurWan~ . . . . . . . . 

other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

When Federal pubtio health officials gNe Informatbn about 

AIDS, do you believe what they say or are you doubtful about 

the Inforrnatbrr they gh$e? 

Selleva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tkrkow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

When they [publio health offioials] give advice about how to 

help keep from getting AIDS, do you Mkwe their advioe or are 

YOU doubtful about what they say? 

Seliave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

A* sex Eduoatbn 

law 30-49 +ioJfa9rs Less Iharr More than 

Tofaf YEWS w i711d OW kfaM Ferrkaie 12ys9rs 12 ~ 12yaars 

. , 

3 3 4 2 3 2 3 4 

4 5 6 2 5 4 2 : 7 

4 3 6 3 3 5 3 4 6 

2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 

1 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 2 

66 66 81 91 66 65 91 a6 79 

4 6 4 3 5 

96 2 94 2 : 2 96 97 95 

0 0 0 0 

0 0 0 0 0 

76 61 71 6e 6s 75 

E 18 z 28 20 23 22 19 

2 1 3 2 2 2 2 

7 5 6 : 6 7 6 4 

10 14 12 5 11 9 10 11 9 

2 2 2 2 3 1 4 2 0 

10 11 10 10 12 5 

18 2 1; 14 15 20 16 : 15 

8 9 10 4 10 6 6 7 10 

2 4 1 3 4 1 3 2 i 

3 3 3 4 2 4 3 2 

42 2 42 4s 44 41 43 39 45 

13 10 14 14 12 13 17 8 12 

64 71 64 57 66 63 63 86 

26 23 29 26 25 27 23 27 

10 6 7 17 6 11 15 7 

76 81 76 70 79 73 72 77 79 

16 14 18 16 14 18 16 17 15 

8 6 6 14 7 9 12 6 6 

I 
14 advancedata 

Table 2. Provisional estimates of the percent of white �dults 18 years of �ge �nd over with selected AIDS knowledge �nd attitudes from 

the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, by age, sex, and education: United States, May-October 1988 

[Data are based on householdinterviewsof the ctvlllannoninetiiutionallzedpopulation.The surveydesign,general quetlflcatbns,and Informatbnon the reliabilityof 

the estimatesare given In tectmtcelnotes] 

o 

A@ sex Educetbn 

1%29 30-49 50 years Less than More than 

AIDS knowledge or attiiude Total years years and over Male Female 12J%W3 12yeErs 12y9Ws 

Percentdistrlbutbnl 

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 100 100 IIXI 100 100 la) 100 100 

1. In the past month, have youla Sean any publtcservioeannouncementsabout AIDS on 

televielon? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 66 66 63 64 65 79 87 65 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 12 14 14 13 16 12 13 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 

1b. Heard any publlcserviceannouncementsabout AJDSon 

the redlo? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 54 49 36 50 41 36 45 50 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 42 46 52 45 54 56 51 45 

Don’f know. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 

2. Were any of those publicserviceannouncementscelled 

“AmerloaRespondsto AIDS’? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 29 22 14 19 22 21 22 19 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 12 11 11 12 10 11 11 11 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4s 56 60 55 55 50 56 57 

Nelfher heard norsawany publloeervtceannouncements. . 13 11 12 15 13 13 18 11 12 

3. Inthepastmonlh, haveyoureadeny brochuresorpamphlete 

about AIDS? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 41 43 35 36 42 22 32 46 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 59 56 64 63 57 71 60 53 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

4.	 Have you ever read any brochuresor pamphletsabout AIDS? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 67 70 54 69 67 45 63 73 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 33 30 45 40 33 54 36 27 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

5.	 Where dkt you get the pamphletsor brocfwes?f ‘z 

Clinic,otherthanworkcllnic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 

Docfor’sofflca (HMO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 13 11 ; 8 13 12 1: 10 

DNgStOre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 

Publicheatthdepartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; 2 i ; : : ; 

Reoeivedkr mallwifhoufeeking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 32 37 44 37 39 4: 40 35 

RedCross/RedCrossblooddonation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 2 i 2 2 2 2 2 

Ofherblooddonation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 0 0 1 

School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; 13 6 : 7 7 4 : 9 

Senf/phonedfor/requastedlt.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 1 

Federal/Stafe/tocatgovemment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 23 Jr 33 29 28 2: 2: d 

Work,otherthenclinioornursa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 9 15 7 13 9 5 11 13 

Work, nurseorcllnio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 4 2 2 4 2 3 4 

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 15 13 12 15 12 12, 12 14 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 

i 5. Have you ever dlscuesed AIDS wlfhany of your children 

aged10-17?3 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 37 64 66 49 74 46 62 69 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 63 36 44 51 26 54 36 31 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 

16. Haveanyorallof yourchildrenaged 10-17 hadlnstructtonat 

schoolaboutAlDS7s 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 41 56 56 53 61 52 55 62 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 22 14 11 11 17 14 14 74 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 36 28 31 35 23 34 31 24 

21.	 How much would you say you know about AIDS? 

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 22 30 16 22 24 11 19 35 

Some, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 51 46 37 43 46 32 46 

Alittle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 24 20 31 26 23 35 2 16 

None. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 15 8 7 22 5 2 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 ; 0 0 0 0 0 0 

22. To the bestof your knowledge,tsthere a differencebetween 

havingthe AIDS virusend havingthe diseaseAIDS? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 67 73 59 66 67 41 66 81 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 21 15 10 15 14 17 17 11 

Ofher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 12 11 30 18 16 41 17 7 

23a AiDScanreduce thebody’snatural rxolecfbnagalnst dlsaasa. 

Deflnitelytrue . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 60 64 66 77 76 54 77 28 

Probsbiytrue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 11 9 14 12 11 16 12 8 

Prot)ablyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 

Definifelyfalsa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5 4 15 8 9 23 ; : 

f 

.%efodmtesaterd orteble. 
advancedata 15 

Table 2. Provisional estimates of the percent of white �dulta 18 years of age �nd over with selected AIDS knowledge and attitudes from 

the 1968 National Nealth Interview Survey, by age, sexj �nd education: United States, May-October 19SS-Con. 

iData are based on household interviews of the cMlian noninstifutbneiized populafbn. The survey des~n, general qualifications, and information on the reliability of 

me estimates era given In teohnlcal notes] o 

Age sex Educatbrr 

15=W SG49 50 years Lass then More than 

AIDS knowledge or aftnude Total ySat’S ymrs and over Male Female Izywars Izyears Izyws 

Percentdistributbn’ 23b. AIDS fs esp@ally common In older people. 

Defirrmlytrue.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 

Probabiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 

Probabtyfdse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 22 16 20 20 19 20 20 19 

Deftnltefyfalse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 70 77 68 71 73 62 73 76 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6 4 11 7 7 15 6 4 

23C. AIDS can damage the brain. 

Deffnitefytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 22 26 29 26 26 25 26 27 

Probabtytnie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 32 30 32 31 31 30 31 32 

Probabiyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 11 11 6 10 9 5 9 12 

Definlleiyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8 8 4 8 6 5 7 6 

Don’fknow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 27 24 29 25 28 35 28 21 

23d. AIDS usuatty teads to heart dtseasa. 

Detfnttelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6 7 10 6 6 11 8 7 

Probsblytnm.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 22 21 22 21 22 21 22 21 

Probabiyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 21 22 14 21 17 11 18 25 

Deflnhelyfalse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 17 18 10 17 13 9 14 19 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 34 31 43 33 3e 48 38 28 

230. AIDSlsarrinfeofbus diseaseoausedby avkr.rs. 

Deflnltetytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 66 70 53 64 61 47 61 72 

PmbeWtrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 20 18 21 20 19 21 21 17 

Probebtyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 

DefinKeiyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 : 4 3 4 4 4 3 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 8 7 19 10 13 25 11 6 

23f. Teenagerscarmotget AIDS. 

o239. AlDS18adstodenth. 

DefinMytrue.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 

Probsblytnle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 : 0 1 : 0 

~fdm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 : : 3 3 2 

Daftrrifelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 96 96 88 93 4 : 24 97 

Dcn’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 1: 5 2 3 7 2 1 

Dennnelytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 67 6s 86 86 88 86 89 65 

Prcbablytnle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10 9 9 10 8 7 6 12 

~ftise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 

( Defklifetyfalss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

D@f.k-w. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 1 ; 2 2 5 1 1 

23h. Apefsonben belnfectsd wlththeAIDSvlms endnothavethe 

Ctbease Ares. 

Daffrrifetyjme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 56 63 47 55 57 36 55 68 

Pmbabiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 22 21 24 22 22 23 24 20 

Probebly%lse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 4 4 3 5 4 3 

Definifelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : 6 5 3 5 4 5 5 3 

Donlknow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 10 8 22 13 14 3f 12 6 

231. Lookingatapermn Isenoughtotelltf heorshehasthe 

AIDSvims. 

DeflnMymJe.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 

Probabfytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 3 4 3 ; 6 4 ; 

~f~= . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 17 20 16 

Daffnifeiyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; 75 ; ; 69 : 50 70 : 

DoMknow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 4 17 9 9 22 8 3 

23]. Anyperscmwlththe AIDSvkusoanpsss Itontosomeoneelse 

duringsexuelkrtercourse. 

Definifelytru e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 84 83 77 80 83 78 83 81 

Probeblytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 12 12 14 14 12 12 12 14 

~fdw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 

Deftrrllelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 2 7 4 4 8 3 2 

23k. Apefsonwhohasthe AIDSvlruscanlook 6ndfeelfw81fhy 

end	 well. 

DeffnRelytfue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 52 55 36 49 46 29 46 80 

Probablytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 30 28 32 30 31 29 32 B 

PrDb8blyfabe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6 6 8 6 7 11 7 4 

Definttelyfslse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 4 5 4 4 6 4 2 

Dorr’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8 7 16 11 12 25 11 5 

23L Apmgnentwomen WohastheAtDS vkusoangtvetheAIDS 

vifustoherbeby. 

Definifeiytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 81 82 74 76 81 73 79 81 

Probablytrue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 15 14 17 17 14 16 15 15 o Pr@abNfalsa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Deffnlte~falea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3 3 8 6 5 10 4 3 

ewfodmtsosfend C4table. 
16 advancadata 

Table 2. Provisional estimates of the percent of white adults 18 years of age and over with selected AIDS knowfadge and �ttitudes from 

the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, by age, sex, and education: United States, May-Ootober 1988-Con. 

[Data are based on household interviews of the civilian nonlnstitutionallzed population. The survey design, general quefiflcatbns, and informatbn on the relieblltty of 

the estimates are gtven In teohnical notes] o — 

Age sex Educatbn 

18-29 3Gf9 50 years Less than MorB than 

AIDS knowledge or aftifude Total years yaars and over Male Female 12 years 12 ymrs 12years 

23m. 

from getting the AIDS virus. 

Definitely true, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 

Probably true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 1 2 2 2 4 2 1 

Probeblyfabe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10 8 11 10 9 11 11 6 

Definitely felee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 77 63 66 76 75 59 76 65 

Don’t know. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8 7 19 10 13 25 11 5 

23n. There Is no cure for AIDS at pra=mt. 

Definitely true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 87 89 84 66 87 79 67 91 

Probably true . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6 5 7 6 6 8 7 5 

Probabtyfalse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

Definitelyfalse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 2 6 4 4 9 3 2 

There is a vaccine available to the publlc that protects a person Peroentdlstributbnl 

24.	 Howlikelydoyou thlnklf lsthataperson wMgelAIDSorthe 

AIDSvirusinfeotbn from– 

24a. LMng near a hospttat or home for AIDS pattents? 

Vetylikely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 

Somewhatllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 2 

Somewhatunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8 7 7 8 7 8 9 5 

VeWunllkety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 39 36 37 40 36 34 39 39 

Deflnifelynotpoesible .,...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 45 46 40 42 47 33 43 52 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4 4 11 6 7 17 5 2 

24b. Working near someone with the AIDS virus? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 2 1 

Somewhatlikely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 9 9 10 9 12 10 

.somewhatunlikel y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 14 12 12 1: 12 11 1: 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 40 41 37 41 36 33 : 43 

Definite~notposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 32 32 27 29 31 23 29 34 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 4 12 7 7 17 6 3 

240. Eating in a restaurant where the cook has the AIDS virus? 

Veryllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 5 7 8 6 10 6 4 

.%mewhatlli(ely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 18 17 17 16 17 18 19 15 

Somewhatunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 17 17 16 11 17 

Veryunllkely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 33 34 z Z 31 25 2 36 

Deflnitelynotpossible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 19 16 14 16 17 13 16 2a 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 7 9 19 11 13 23 12 6 

24d. Klsslng-wtth exchange of saliva-a parson who has the 

AIDSVirUs? 

Veryllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 17 22 26 21 23 26 24 

Somewhatllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2s 2e 29 2e 29 29 26 w X 

.%mewhelunlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 17 15 11 14 14 9 13 16 

Veryunllkefy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 19 18 13 18 16 12 15 21 

Deflrdtelynotpossible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 10 7 5 7 7 6 7 7 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8 9 16 11 12 20 11 6 

24e. Shaidng hands, touching, or kisalng on the cheek someone 

whohestheAIDS virus? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 2 2 4 

.%mewhaflikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ; 6 6 6 5 8 : : 

.%mewhetunlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 13 14 11 

Veryunllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 39 39 : 39 ~ E : 41 

Defirdtelynotpossible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 36 36 30 32 37 26 33 40 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 4 12 7 7 77 6 2 

24f. Sharing plates, forks, or glasses w~h someone who has the 

AIDSVINS? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7 6 9 7 9 11 9 6 

Somewhat llKely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 18 19 20 20 21 21 77 

somewhatunlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 15 :: 11 14 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E : : 26 30 28 22 26 E 

Deflnttelynotposslble, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 22 19 15 18 19 17 21 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7 8 17 10 12 x 10 6 

24g. Using public toilets? 

Veryllkefy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 4 6 4 5 2 

.%mewhaflikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 11 10 13 11 1: 1; 13 8 

Somewhat untlkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 ~4 14 12 15 

Veryunllkeiy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 35 37 32 : : E 33 : 

Deflnitelynotposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 28 28 20 26 25 17 23 32 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8 7 17 10 12 21 11 5 

Seefootnotesaterd oftable, 
advancedata 17 

Table 2. Provisional estimates of the percent of white adulte 18 yeara of �ge �nd over with selected AIDS knowfedge and �ttitudes from 

the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, by �ge, eex, �nd educetfon: United States, May-October 196S-Con. 

[Data are based on household Intervle%vsof the ctviilen nonlnstitutionellzed population. The survey design, generai qualifkatlor?s, and Informatbn on the reliability of 

the estimates are ghfen tn technical notes] o 

24h. 

241. 

24j. 

24k. 

26a. 

26b. 

27. 

28. 

29a


29b. 

Age sex Educet/wr 

18-29 3049 5oJ4mts Less than More than 

AIDS knoWe@a WLWXW ToiWywts~ and over Male FemaIe 12y&ws 12years 12yee!s 

Sharing needies for drug use with someone who has the 

AIDS VilUS? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawtmtlkely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sornewhatunlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Deflnttely notpossibte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Selng ooughed or sneezed on by someone who has the 

AIDS ViNS? 

Verylikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewttaf llkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.%mewhatunIikety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Daflnitely notposelbie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Attending school with a cttikf who has the AIDS virus? 

Verylikeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SXrmewha tlikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhat unllkety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunllkeiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DeflnRetynotposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Mosquitoesororher klseots? 

Veryiikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SOmwhatiikely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhatunllkety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Veryunlkely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Definltelynofposslble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tkncw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Haveyoueverdonated bfood? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Haveyoudonefed biocdsinceMarch 1965? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you donated blcod in the past 12 monlhs? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Haveyoueverheard ofabbodteetthat oandetecttheAIDS 

Virusklfacfbn? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

To the best of your kncwledge, are blood donafbns routinely 

testednwforthe AIDSvkusinfeofbn? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tkncw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheerdoftest’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you ever received munsaling or had a !atk with a health 

profesebnalabouf tttkingtheAIDSvkus test? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheardoftest’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wasthedisousebn-l’s 

Wlthaprtwatedootor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Atafamlly-plarmlngcllnk? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

OnanAIDShotline? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Atapmnatalcllnio? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

AtanSTDorsexuailytr8nsmltbddts8aseclink? . . . . . . . 

AtanAIDS/HIVcounselingandtestlng site? . . . . . . . . . . 

wlfhsomeotherheelthprofesebnel?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wlthsomeotheroounselofl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DUrlng\hgtdWJSebn, dktyourece~e inforrngtlon about how 

toavoidgeffingor passingontheAIDS virus? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

84 96 96 91 94 94 66 95 96 

3 2 2 3 3 2 4 2 2 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 

0 : 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 

2 1 1 4 2 2 6 1 1 

7 4 7 10 7 4 

20 17 1: 2 1: 20 21 21 17 

17 19 

z	 : E E : 28 : ; 35 

15 19 16 12 15 16 11 15 18 

12 8 9 18 11 13 23 12 6 

2 1 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 

6 4 7 6 6 7 6 4 

11 12 1: 10 11 13 10 

41 42 42 39 ; 36 : 41 44 

33 37 34 28 31 34 26 32 36 

8 4 5 14 7 9 19 7 3 

12 4 

1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 16 1; 13 

9 10 9 8 9 9 7 10 10 

25 24 27 22 25 17 24 29 

22 22 24 20 21 2 15 20 27 

22 18 19 28 20 24 31 22 18 

42 34 45 45 54 32 33 39 51 

57 66 54 55 45 66 67 61 49 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

14 20 17 6 17 11 6 13 19 

65 60 62 93 62 66 94 87 60 

1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 

9 3 8 6 3 6 10 

2 ; 91 96 91 94 97 93 69 

1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 i 

78 64 66 64 77 78 56 76 66 

18 13 11 28 18 18 35 18 9 

4 2 3 6 4 5 7 4 3 

69 76 78 55 69 69 49 69 60 

3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 

5 6 5 6 5 5 7 5 4 

22 18 14 36 23 22 42 22 12 

3 4 2 5 

74 7: 82 d 7: 7: 56 7: 63 

0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 

22 18 14 36 23 22 42 22 12 

45 46 44 51 40 51 45 42 47 

4 7 2 3 5 12 3 3 

3 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 4 

3 8 1 2 5 4 2 4 

3 3 4 4 2 3 4 

8 7 9 3 8 7 3 7 9 

44 40 47 51 47 41 46 42 45 

12 14 11 8 18 8 22 10 11 

63 71 57 52 65 60 71 66 56 

37 28 42 46 34 39 29 31 41 

1 1 0 1 0 1 0 

800fcch0t08etend dteble. 
18 advancedata 

Table 2. Provisional estimstea of the percent of white adults 18 yesrs of age �nd over with selected AfDS knowfedge and attitudes from 

the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, by sge, sax, and education: United States, May-October 1988—Con. 

[Data are based on householdInlerviawsof the civiliannorrinstltutionallzadpopulation.The survey des!gn,general qualiflcefbns,and Informaflonon the rellebllttyof 

the estimatasare given In technical notes] 

31. 

32. 

33, 

35s. 

35b. 

36. 

36. 

41, 

42. 

44a. 

44b. 

45. 

45a. 

AIDS knowledge or attitude 

Have you ever been advisedby a health professionalnot to 

havethe bloodlest for the AIDS virus Infacfbn? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’t know. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Never heard oftest4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you ever bean advisedby friendsor relativesnot to have 

the ~~ testfOrtheA!DSvlrus Infeotbn? 

No.:::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::: 

Donlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Never heerdoftast4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Have you had your bloodtastedforthe AIDS vkus InfectIon? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’lknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheardoftest4, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

How many times have you had your bloodtestedfor the AIDS 

vkusinfacfkm?’ 

Once. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Twice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2-5tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6-12times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Morethan 12tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheard ofornevertooktestB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

How many times In the pest 12 monthshave you had your 

bloodtestedforthe AIDS viruslnfactbn?’ 

Noneinthepast12months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Once. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Morethanonce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

NeverheardofornevertooktestE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wes the test/wereany of the tests, Includingthose you had 

beforethe past 12 months—1’7 

Partofablooddonatkm? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Partofabloodtrensfusbn? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Vokmtariiysought? . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

PartofwmeotheractivifythatrequlresabloodWmple? . . 

Dki you get the resultsof your test/any of your tests?e 

%5.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Do you expecl to have a bloodtestfor the AIDS virusinfectbn 

in the next 12 months? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Neverheardoftest4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Wtll	the test be-l’10 

Partofablceddonation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Voiuntarilysought?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

PartofsomeotheractMfythatrequiresabloodHple? . . 

Dld you have a bloodtranfusbn at any time between 

1977 and 1965? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Do you thinkthe presentsupplyof blood tssafefor tranfusbns? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’t know. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Here are some methodspeople use to preventgettingthe AIDS 

virusthroughsexual activity.How effectiveLs— 

Usincradlfwhream? 

Veryeffeottie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.%mewhateffectti e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notatalleffecttve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknowhoweffaottve .,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknowmethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

o 

Age sex Eduoet&rr 

1&29 3&49 50 years Less /ban More than 

Total years yaws and over Male Female 12 yaars 12years 12 years 

0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 

77 24 85 63 77 77 56 77 87 

0 

23 

0 

16 

0 

14 

0 

37 

0 

23 z 4: 2 0 

12 

0 1 1 0 0 o 0 0 1 

77 64 65 63 77 77 56 77 67 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

23 16 14 37 23 22 42 22 12 

17 25 21 8 21 14 9 16 23 

60 60 65 56 57 63 49 62 64 

2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 

21 14 13 35 21 22 41 21 11 

5 7 6 1 5 4 3 4 6 

1 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 

1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

10 14 12 5 12 6 9 14 

63 75 79 93 79 66 2 64 77 

2 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 

6 5 1 5 4 3 4 

: 2 2 1 2 1 1 i 

10 12 5 12 6 4 9 

63 ; 79 93 79 66 92 64 

75 73 76 79 75 75 64 75 76 

2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 

14 14 15 11 13 16 20 13 14 

13 17 11 9 15 10 16 13 12 

51 53 51 43 51 51 64 46 60 

46 46 46 55 43 46 34 60 50 

1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 

6 10 7 2 7 5 4 6 7 

66 69 75 59 66 69 w 66 77 

4 6 4 3 4 4 4 

22 16 14 36 23 22 42 A 1: 

46 40 52 44 47 45 25 44 53 

49 59 41 42 47 51 62 52 43 

16 15 16 20 16 13 16 16 16 

6 3 5 6 5 6 5 5 

93 96 94 90 93 93 2 93 93 

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 

46 49 50 40 50 43 34 45 54 

26 26 26 25 24 26 30 26 23 

0 0 0 0 0 0 

27 23 24 34 26 29 36 27 23 

2 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 

13 15 10 14 13 13 11 13 13 

58 

21 

62 

77 

67 

16 

45 

30 

57 

22 

59 

20 

40 

33 

56 

21 

66 

14 0 

6 4 4 8 6 6 13 5 3 

See fodmtes at end of table. 
advanceclata 19 

Table 2. Provisional estimates of the percent of white adults 18 years of age and over with selected AIDS knowledge and attitudes from 

the 1968 National Health Interview Survey, by age, sex, and education: United States, May-October 1988–Con. 

ata are based on houeehold Intervlewe of the civilian noninsttIutbnaIized pcpulalbn. The survey das!gn, general qualificatbns, and Information on the reliability of 

estimates era given In technical notes] 

e 

45b. 

450. 

45d. 

45e. 

46. 

— 47. 

49. 

52. 

53. 

54. 

55. 

AIDS knwledge or affRuda 

Using a condom? 

Veryaffectfve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.scmewha feffacfive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notatall effecftve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlkncw hcweffecttve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknowmefhod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Using a sparrnicktel jelly, foam, or cream? 

Vetyeffecthfe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawhateffecfive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notatall effectt#e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tkncw hcwaffective, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknowmethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Having a vasectomfl 

Veryeffecflve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somawhateffeotive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notatall effecfNe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknowhow effecthre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknowmetlmd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Two people who do not have the AIDS virus hatig sex only 

wilh	 each other? 

Veryeffectlve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Somewhat effective, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notatall effective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tlmcwhcweffactive.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlkncwmettwxt.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

What are yourchancas of having the AIDS virus? 

Huh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Low. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Whatareycurchances ofgeltingthaAfDS virus? 

High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Low. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Donlknc%v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Hlghch8nceofalraadyhavlngAlDSvirus. . . . . . . . . . . . 

DoYou.W~\ch- 0fg6ffk’1gAIDS khigh ormedium 

because you– 

Havehadabbodtransfusbn?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Havehadeexual ccntactwhhecrmama wtromighthave 

thevirus? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sornec4herreason? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Haveyouavardtscussad AtDSwlthafrfend orrelattve? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Dcnlknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Whenwasthelest Wneycudtsoussed AIDSwlthafrland or 

relative? 

CK3dayeagc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4-7dayeago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6-14daysago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

15-31 daysago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Morethan31 dayeago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow... 

N~rd~u~iz.:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

Have you aver personally known anyone with AIDS cr the 

AIDS VkUS? 

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Dcn’tkncw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Howlonghaeitbeen slnceyousawlh!s person? 

Wlthlnpast2weake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2weeke-tasethan l month.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

lmonth-fesethen3monlhs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3months%sethm6months.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6monthsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . 

NeverknawanyonewHhAlDi{3:: :::::::::::::::: 

Age sex EducaKm 

16-29 3G49 50 yckws Less than More than 

Total yOWS w and over Male Female 12 years 12 years 12 years 

. 

30 35 34 24 33 29 23 29 26 

55 55 57 52 54 55 46 57 57 

5 4 4 5 4 5 7 5 3 

8 5 4 15 7 9 19 7 4 

2 i 1 4 2 2 5 1 1 

2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 

15 18 15 14 16 15 10 15 19 

54 59 62 43 52 56 41 55 - 61 

23 17 17 33 24 22 24 23 16 

6 4 4 10 7 6 14 5 3 

1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 

2 4 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 

73 72 63 63 73 73 54 73 64 

17 17 10 24 17 17 26 16 10 

6 5 4 9 6 6 14 5 3 

64 65 69 79 66 83 73 65 90 

7 8 6 8 7 8 9 8 6 

2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 1 

5 3 2 6 4 11 4 2 

1 1 1 3 1 ; 4 1 1 

0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 

1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 

14 20 17 8 16 13 8 14 19 

62 76 60 88 79 64 66 63 78 

2 2 1 3 2 2 4 2 1 

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

2 3 1 2 1 2 2 

20 28 2: 11 24 16 11 1: 27 

74 85 72 84 71 78 82 76 69 

3 3 2 3 3 3 5 3 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : 

6 6 7 16 7 9 9 11 4 

15 21 15 4 16 12 20 14 15 

67 67 66 85 61 74 53 70 69 

66 72 75 52 62 70 45 85 78 

34 27 25 46 38 30 54 35 22 

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 

8 9 9 6 8 8 6 7 9 

10 11 12 8 10 11 6 10 12 

6 6 6 6 7 8 5 8 9 

16 17 16 12 14 17 10 15 18 

19 24 22 13 16 21 12 19 23 

5 4 5 6 5 5 4 5 

34 28 25 46 39 30 55 35 2: 

10 7 9 10 5 7 15 

; 66 z 92 89 66 94 91 63 

2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 

1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 

: 1 1 1 1 1 0 

6 6 8 5 6 7 3 : 1: 

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

20 90 66 94 91 90 95 93 65 

.Se.9fmtnotesaterrd oftable. 
20 advancedata 

Table 2. Provisional estimates of the percent of white adults 18 years of age and over with selected AIDS knowledge and attitudes from 

the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, by age, sex, and education: United States, May-Ootober 1988-Con. 

[Data are bas6d on household Interviews of the civilian nonlnstltutionallzed populat!cm. The survey design, general qualifications, and Information on the reliability of 

the estimates are given In technical notes] 

AIDS Imowladge or affltude 

56.	 How well do you know this person? 

Verywell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Faklywell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notvery well, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’treally know personally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow howwell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Never knewanyone with AIDS1s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

57. Isanyofthase statements true foryou? 

a. Youhave hemophilia andhave receivad clotflng factor 

concenlratesslnce 1977. 

b. You area natNe of Haiti or Central or East Africa who has 

entered the United States since 1977. 

c. Youarea manwhohas hadsexwifh another man at some 

time since 1977, even 1 time. 

d. You have taken Illegal drugs by needle at any time slnca 

1977. 

e. Since 1977, you are or have been the sex partner of any 

parson who would answer yes to any of the items above 

(57 ad). 

f. You have had sex for money or drugs at any time since 

1977. 

Yestoat least l statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Notoall statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Refused . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’t know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

58.	 The U.S. Public Health Service haesald that AfDSisone of the 

major health problems in the country but exactly how many 

people if affects Is not known. The Surgeon General has 

proposed that a study be conducted and blwd samples be 

taken fo help find out how widespread the problem is. If you 

were selected In this national sample of people to have their 

blood tested w~h assurances of prhracy of test resuits, would 

you have the test? 

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’t know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

59. Why wouldn’t you take part in the test?14 

Don’twanttoknowlfl haveAIDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’twantanycounseling aboutAtDS. . . . . . . . . . . . , , 

Fearl’llgetAIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DonTllketogive blood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

DonltrustGovernmentprograms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Ifbawesleofmoney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tballaveAIDS can reallybacurad anyway . . . . . . , . 

Dither . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’lknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.	 WhenFederalpubllc health offlcialsgive Informa!lonaboul 

AIDS, do you believe what they say or are you”doubtful about 

the information they give? 

Believe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’fknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

62. When they [public health officials] give advice about how to 

help keep from getting AIDS, do you believe their advioa or are 

you doubtful about what they say? 

Erallave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Don’tknow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

‘Multlplemsponees maysumfomcm thanlcro. 

‘Basadonp-wsom amweringyestoquestkm 4(lncludesyesto questlon3). 

a — 

Age sax Eductdkm 

l&29 30-49 50 years Less than More than 

Total years yssrs and over Male FemaIe 12 years 12 years 12 years 

Percent dlstributkrnl 

1 1 1 1 1 

2 2 3 1 2 

4 4 5 2 4 

2 2 2 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 

90 90 66 94 91 

2 4 3 0 3 

08 e6 97 e9 97 

0 o 0 o 0 

0 0 0 0 0 

71 76 74 64 72 

21 18 18 27 21 

2 1 2 3 2 

5 4 6 6 4 

4 7 5 2 4 

1 1 1 1 1 

6 5 6 6 5 

13 18 13 9 11 

6 6 !3 5 9 

4 3 3 4 

2 1 : 

54 47 5: 61 4 

12 15 12 12 11 

65 71 88 56 64 

29 24 29 32 30 

6 4 5 10 6 

79 82 82 73 79 

16 14 15 19 17 

5 3 3 8 5 

1 1 1 2 

2 1 2 3 

4 1 3 6 

2 1 1 2 

1 0 1 2 

W 

2 

96 

0 

0 

70 

22 

2 

6 

4 

1 

6 

14 

5 

3 

2 

55 

14 

65 

26 

7 

79 

16 

5 

95 93 65 

2 2 2 

98 98 97 

0 0 0 

0 0 0 

65 72 74 

27 21 19 

2 2 2 

6 6 5 

3 5 4 

2 1 1 

7 6 4 

10 15 12 

3 6 9 

5 4 3 

3 2 

56 51 4 

15 13 11 

55 84 71 

32 31 25 

13 8 4 

68 78 65 

21 17 13 

11 4 3 

o 38=d~n~~m ~mWdngyWtoquAim !I,’’bymheveany childrenegd lOthrough 17’?’’Cuestionl2was “Hcwm-mYdoYcu ~~~’


4peMm ameflm ~ or don’t know to question27.


5Besdonpersore answering~sto questlcn29a.


81WlUde~~~m am~rl~~to quearlon26aati noordon’tknow toquestbm27and 33.


7B=d on yes amwers to ques3ion 33. Bee fwtwte B. 

EpeMm ~mwerl~ no or don? knew to questlom 2* 27s d‘. 

9B=d on PMM ~mWrlW ~s,0 qu~lm ~ exclu~ ~mm ~SwerIW yes to qumtlon ~ aCCI IW or don’t know to question 27 or 34. 

10&ed On persom ErMWedCg y- to qumtion 41. 

11 ~ed on ~Mm .qmwrl~ high or Mediw’n to que~bn 46. 

f 2~d on ~mm ~werlng nO or don’t knew to qu~ion 5z. 

13ked on ~Mm ~rl~ no or don’t kmw to qu~tlon’. 

i 4&ed On ~~m ti SMWWiW yes’0 quetiio n’. 
21 advancedata 

Symbols 

Quantity zero 

o Quantity more than zero but less than 

0.05 

-. 
22 advancedata 

Technical notes 

continuous, 

The National 

cross-sectional 

Health Interview 

household 

Survey 

interview 

(NHIS) 

survey. 

is a 

for 

using 

all 

a 

the 

simplified 

factors 

weighting 

used in weighting 

procedure 

the 

that 

final 

does 

data 

not 

file. 

adju 

A o

Each week a probability sample of the civilian noninstitu- final data file covering the enti~e da~a collection period for 

tionrdized population is interviewed by personnel of the 1988 will be available later in 1989. 

U.S. Bureau of the Census to obtain information on the 

health and other characteristics of each member of the 

Table L Black and white sample sizes for the 1988 National household. Supplemental information is collected for all or Health Interview Survey of AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes and 

a sample of household members. The 1988 National Health estimated biack and white adult populations 18 years of age and 

Interview Survey of AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes was over, by seiected characteristics: United States, May-October 

198a asked of a single randomly chosen adult 18 years of age or


over in each family. The estimates in this report are based Estimated


on completed interviews with 3,066 black and 17,355 white populatkmr


individuals, about 89 percent of eligible respondents. Sample sire In thousands


Table I contains the estimated population size of each Charecteristk Blacir White Black Wtrtte 

of the demographic subgroups included in tables 1 and 2 to All adulls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,066 17,355 19,188 148,154


allow readers to derive provisional estimates of the number


for example, the number of black men age 18-29 years who 18-29 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

30-49 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

799 

1,170 

3,e21 

6,590 

6,257 

7,318 

38,496 

S6,256 

have had their blood tested for the AIDS virus. The 50yearsand over . . . . . . . . . . 1,097 6,844 5,593 53,400 

population figures in table I are based on 1987 data from 88X 

the NHIS; they are not official population estimates. Tables Male. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,086 7,503 8,535 70,769 

II and III show approximate standard errors of the esti- Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I,e60 9,847 10,833 77,385 

mates presented in tables 1 and 2. Both the estimates in Educatbn 

tables 1 and 2 and the standard errors in tables II and III Lessttmn12y ears.. ..,..... 1,083 3,632 6,594 31,461 

are provisional. They may differ slightly from estimates 

made using the final data file because they were calculated 

12year9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Morethsn12years . . . . . . . . . 

1,108 

833 

6,659 

6,869 

7,336 

4,984 57,0 

of people in the United States with a given characteristic, Age


Tabie il. Standard errors, expressed in percentage points, of estimated percents for black aduits from the 1988 Nationai Heaith interview — 

Survey of AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes, by selected characteristic~ United States, May-October 1988 

Age Sex Educetkm 

16-29 30-49 50 yaars Less than More than 

Estimatedpiwcerrt Tot&it yams years and over Male Female 12 y4Kirs 12 years 12 years 

5or95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.6 1.0 

100r90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.3 

150r85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.6 

200r80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.8 

250r75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 2.0 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.9 

300r70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.8 1.8 2.0 

350r65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.4 ~.8 2.1 

400r60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.4 ;:: 1.9 2.2 

450r55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 :: 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.9 2.2 

50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 2.3 1,9 1.9 2.0 1.4 2.0 1.9 22 

Table Iii. Standard errors, expressed in percentage points, of estimated percents for white adults from the 1988 National Health 

Interview Survey of AIDS Knowiedge and Attitudes, by selected characteristic United States, May-October 1988 

Age Bex Educatbn 

16-29 30-49 5oyesrs Less than More than 

Estlrrrstedpercent Totat years years and over Male Femste 12 yallrs 12 years 12years 

5or95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 

100r90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 

150r85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 

200r80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O.t 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.6 

250r75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 

300r70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,4 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 :: 1.0 0.7 0.7 

350r85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 

400r60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. 0,5 ;:: 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.8 

450r55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.6 

50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.6 0 

*U. S. GOUCRNIIKNTPRINTING OFFICE :1989-241-281 :EO019 
Md. 

E 

24 advancedata 

Recent Issues of Advance Data From Vital and Health Statistics 

No. 164. AJDS knowledge and Attitudes for September 

1988 (Issued January 3, 1989) 

No. 163. AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes for August 1988 

(Issued December 15, 1988) 

No. 162. Practice Patterns of the Office-Based 

Ophthalmologist: NAMCS, 1985 (Issued January 31, 1989) . 

Suggested citation 

National Center for Heaith Statistics, D. A. Dawson 

and A. M. Hardy. AIDS knowisdge and attitudea of 

Black Amerieans, Provisional data from the National 

Health Interview Survey. Advance Data From Vilsl 

and Health Swkfics. No. 185. DHHS Pub, No, 

(PHS) 89-1250. Public Health Service. Hyattavilie, 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND 

HUMAN SERViCES 

Public Health Service 

Centers for Disease Controi 

Nationai Center for Heaith Statistics 

3700 East-West Highway 

Hyattsvilie, fvfaryiand 20782 

OFFiCiAL BUSINESS 

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 

To receive this publication regularly, contact 

the Nationai Center for Health Statistics by 

caliing 301438-8500 

DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 89-1250 

No. 161. AIDS Knowlege and Attitudes for July 19 

(Issued October 11, 1988) a 

No. 160. AIDS Knowlege and Attitudes for May-June 1988 

(Issued September 16, 1988) 

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