Search for images on

digitalmedia.fws.gov

ECOS / Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss)

Federal Register | Recovery | Critical Habitat |

Conservation Plans | Petitions | Life History

Taxonomy: View taxonomy in ITIS

Listing Status: Endangered (and others listed below)

General Information

Steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) belong to the family Salmonidae which includes all

salmon, trout, and chars. Steelhead are similar to some Pacific salmon in their life cycle and

ecological requirements. They are born in fresh water streams, where they spend their first 1-3

years of life. They then emigrate to the ocean where most of their growth occurs. After spending

between one to four growing seasons in the ocean, steelhead return to their native fresh water

stream to spawn. Unlike Pacific salmon, steelhead do not necessarily die after spawning and

are able to spawn more than once.

Population detail

The FWS is currently monitoring the following populations of the steelhead 

Population location: Southern California DPS - See 50 CFR 224.101

Listing status: Endangered

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

California

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: San Joaquin River

National Wildlife Refuge

Conserving the Nature of America

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Search ECOS

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

1 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
Population location: Central California Coast DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

California

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Don Edwards San

Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Salinas River National Wildlife Refuge

Population location: Lower Columbia River DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

Oregon , Washington

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Franz Lake National

Wildlife Refuge, Julia Butler Hansen Refuge for the Columbian White-Tailed Deer, Lewis

and Clark National Wildlife Refuge, Pierce National Wildlife Refuge, Ridgefield National

Wildlife Refuge ... Show All Refuges

Population location: Snake River Basin DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

Oregon , Washington

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Julia Butler Hansen

Refuge for the Columbian White-Tailed Deer, Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge,

Mcnary National Wildlife Refuge, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge

Population location: Northern California DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

California

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Humboldt Bay National

Wildlife Refuge

Population location: Middle Columbia River DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

Oregon

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

2 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Hanford Reach National

Monument/Saddle Mountain National Wildlife Refuge, Julia Butler Hansen Refuge for the

Columbian White-Tailed Deer, Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge, Mcnary National

Wildlife Refuge, Toppenish National Wildlife Refuge ... Show All Refuges

Population location: South-Central California Coast DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

Population location: Puget Sound DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

Washington

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Nisqually National Wildlife

Refuge

Population location: Upper Columbia River DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

Washington

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Columbia National Wildlife

Refuge, Hanford Reach National Monument/Saddle Mountain National Wildlife Refuge,

Julia Butler Hansen Refuge for the Columbian White-Tailed Deer, Lewis and Clark

National Wildlife Refuge, Mcnary National Wildlife Refuge ... Show All Refuges

Population location: Upper Willamette River DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

Oregon , Washington

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Ankeny National Wildlife

Refuge, Julia Butler Hansen Refuge for the Columbian White-Tailed Deer, Lewis and

Clark National Wildlife Refuge, Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge, William L. Finley

National Wildlife Refuge

Population location: California Central Valley DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Threatened

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

3 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Butte Sink Wildlife

Management Area, North Central Valley Wildlife Management Area, Sacramento River

National Wildlife Refuge, Sutter National Wildlife Refuge

Population location: Middle Columbia River DPS - XN - See 50 CFR 223.102

Listing status: Experimental Population, Non-Essential

Population location: Klamath Mountains Province steelhead(Oncorhynchus

mykiss).Includes all Naturally spawned populations of Steelhead (and their progeny) in

coastal river basins ranging from the Elk River in Curry County, Oregon, to the Klamath

River, inclusive, in Del Norte County, California

Listing status: Under Review

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: 

California , Oregon

US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

Current Listing Status Summary

Status

Date

Listed Lead Region Where Listed

Endangered 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Southern California DPS - See 50 CFR

224.101

Threatened 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Central California Coast DPS - See 50

CFR 223.102

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

4 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
Status

Date

Listed Lead Region Where Listed

Threatened 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Lower Columbia River DPS - See 50 CFR

223.102

Threatened 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Snake River Basin DPS - See 50 CFR

223.102

Threatened 08/07/2000 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Northern California DPS - See 50 CFR

223.102

Threatened 08/02/1999 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Middle Columbia River DPS - See 50 CFR

223.102

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

5 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
Status

Date

Listed Lead Region Where Listed

Threatened 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

South-Central California Coast DPS - See

50 CFR 223.102

Threatened 05/07/2007 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Puget Sound DPS - See 50 CFR 223.102

Threatened 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Upper Columbia River DPS - See 50 CFR

223.102

Threatened 08/02/1999 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Upper Willamette River DPS - See 50 CFR

223.102

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

6 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
Status

Date

Listed Lead Region Where Listed

Threatened 06/17/1998 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

California Central Valley DPS - See 50

CFR 223.102

Experimental

Population,

Non-Essential

01/15/2013 National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Middle Columbia River DPS - XN - See 50

CFR 223.102

Under Review National

Marine

Fisheries

Service

(National

Marine

Fisheries

Service)

Klamath Mountains Province

steelhead(Oncorhynchus mykiss).Includes

all Naturally spawned populations of

Steelhead (and their progeny) in coastal

river basins ranging from the Elk River in

Curry County, Oregon, to the Klamath

River, inclusive, in Del Norte County,

California

» Federal Register Documents

Federal Register Documents

Show 10 entries

07/23/2014 79 FR 42687 42696 Marine and Anadromous Taxa: Additions, Removal, Update

Threatened Wildlife

03/29/2011 76 FR 17434 17439 Receipt of Application for an Endangered Species Act Incid

Date Citation Page Title

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

7 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
Special Rule Publications

» Recovery

Recovery Plan Information Search

Information Search FAQs

Other Recovery Documents

03/05/2008 73 FR 11870 11871 Availability of a Draft Environmental Assessment/Habitat C

Incidental Take Permits from the Broughton Land Company

01/05/2006 71 FR 834 862 Endangered and Threatened Species: Final Listing Determ

Coast Steelhead; Final Rule

11/15/2005 70 FR 69348 69350 Notice of Intent to Conduct Public Scoping Meetings and to

the Bi-State Water Diversion Habitat Conservation Plan for

09/02/2005 70 FR 52488 52627 Designation of Critical Habitat for Seven Evolutionarily Sign

California

07/25/2005 70 FR 42533 42535 Notice of Intent to Conduct Public Scoping Meetings and to

the Family Forest Habitat Conservation Plan

05/17/2004 69 FR 27949 27950 Issuance of Permits

11/28/2003 68 FR 66820 66821 Fi l E i t l I t St t t f I id t l T k

Showing 1 to 10 of 33 entries Previous 2 3 4 Next

Show 10 entries

07/10/2000 65 FR 42422 42481 Endangered and Threatened Species; Final Rule Governin

Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs)

12/30/1999 64 FR 73479 73506 Endangered and Threatened Species; Proposed Rule Gov

Coast, South/Central California Coast, Lower Columbia Riv

Upper Willamette River Evolutionarily Significant Units (ES

Date Citation Page Title

Showing 1 to 2 of 2 entries Previous Next

Show 10 entries

1

1

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

8 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
» Critical Habitat

05/07/2001 66 FR 23004 23005 NOAA/NMFS; Notice of availability and Request for Comm

Management and Evaluation Plan for the upper Willamette

05/04/2001 66 FR 22533 22534 NOAA/NMFS Notice of Availability and Request for Comme

Evaluation Plans (FMEP)for the Snake River Steelhead

05/04/2001 66 FR 22532 22533 NOAA/NMFS Notice of Availability and Request for Comme

Management and Evaluation Plans (FMEP)for the Middle C

05/04/2001 66 FR 22534 22535 NOAA/NMFS Notice of Availability and Request for Comme

and Evaluation Plans (FMEP)for the Lower Columbia River

Date Citation Page Title

Showing 1 to 4 of 4 entries Previous Next

Show 10 entries

09/02/2005 70 FR 52488 52627 Designation of Critical Habitat for Seven Evolutionarily Sign

Salmon and Steelhead in California

02/16/2000 65 FR 7764 7787 (NOAA/NMFS) Designated Critical Habitat: Critical Habitat 

Significant Units of Salmon and Steelhead in Washington, O

California

Date Citation Page Title

1

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

9 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
To learn more about critical habitat please see http://ecos.fws.gov/crithab

» Conservation Plans

Habitat Conservation Plans (HCP) (learn more)

» Petitions

No petitions have been received for this species.

» Life History

No Life History information has been entered into this system for this species.

» Other Resources

NatureServe Explorer Species Reports -- NatureServe Explorer is a source for authoritative

conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals and ecological communtities of

the U.S and Canada. NatureServe Explorer provides in-depth information on rare and

endangered species, but includes common plants and animals too. NatureServe Explorer is a

02/05/1999 64 FR 5740 5754 Designated Critical Habitat: Proposed Critical Habitat for N

Showing 1 to 3 of 3 entries Previous Next

Show 10 entries

WDNR Forest Practices HCP

Storedahl's Daybreak Mine Expansion and Habitat Enhancement Project HCP

Stimson Lumber Company

Stimson Lumber Company

Mendocino Redwood Company

East Bay Municipal Utility District

City of Tacoma, Tacoma Water HCP

Broughton Land Company

HCP Plan Summaries

Showing 1 to 8 of 8 entries Previous Next

1

1

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

10 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM
product of NatureServe in collaboration with the Natural Heritage Network.

ITIS Reports -- ITIS (the Integrated Taxonomic Information System) is a source for authoritative

taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

FWS Digital Media Library -- The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library is a

searchable collection of selected images, historical artifacts, audio clips, publications, and

video.

Species Profile for steelhead (Oncorhynchus (=salmo) mykiss) http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E08D

11 of 11 4/21/2016 11:29 AM