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# Sustainable Solutions In Fire Suppression **U.S. EPA SNAP Status Change Considerations** 

**3 -**  **14**2 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business



## Presentation Overview

 Clean Agent Fire Suppression  Concern for HFC Growth  Substitutes for Fire Suppression  System Investment  Market Considerations  Standards, Approvals, Listings  Government Procurement  Halon 1211 in Flight line  Status Change Proposal  Concluding Comments3 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## President’s Climate Action Plan – June 25, 2013  US government will “p urchase cleaner alternatives to HFCs whenever feasible and transition over time to equipment that uses safer and more sustainable alternatives.”  EPA will use its authority under the SNAP program to “e ncourage private sector investment in low-emissions technology by identifying and approving climate -friendly chemicals while prohibiting certain uses of the most harmful chemical alternatives.”  Leading Efforts to Address Climate Change through International Negotiations4 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### What the Climate **Action Plan Means for SNAP** • Innovative companies have invested in low- GWP alternatives. • Forward - leaning manufacturers of advanced technologies and equipment can provide near-term reductions in emissions. • Responds to federal procurement needs to “ purchase cleaner alternatives to HFCs whenever feasible” Where it’ s feasible to move to lower- GWPa lternatives?

-Where investments already have brought climate friendly alternatives to the market

-Where current listings include obsolete high - GWP HFCs and blends.5 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### Where to Focus First? • Where alternatives are being used, available already for many end - uses Percent of market already in alternatives , is transition feasible for additional market segments? • Is there one alternative or multiple – allowing trust and choice? •Are alternatives safer for human health and the environment? • Do other alternatives meet stringent technical demands for particular end - uses? • Will existing equipment be able to be serviced? Will EP A consider the useful lifetimes of equipment? • Percent of market already in alternatives?6 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### Inert Gases, HFCs and Fluoroketones are all used in ULand FM approved total flooding fire suppression systems. 

## Where **To tal**  **Flood Clean**  **Agents are Used** 
 Computer Rooms & Data Centers  Te lecommunications Centers  Hospital Equipment and Records  Control Rooms  Archives  Museums  Art Galleries  Libraries  Va ults  Engine Rooms  Of fshore Oil & Gas  Military  Aviation  Cold Te mp 

### ~98% Protecting high value assets from fire where water can not be used7 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## Clean **Agent T**

**otal Flooding**  **Systems**

Agent Storage Containers Control Panel Fire Detectors Discharge Piping Discharge Nozzles

Notification Appliances Equipment Shutdown HV AC Shutdown Building Fire Alarm Dedicated 120V

AC Power Room Enclosure Ve nting Requirements8 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## System manufacturers compete with different system designs for any given agent
 System pressure

 Agent piping distance
 Advanced delivery systems
 Cylinder storage
 Footprint  Nozzle design
 May impact system approval for ceiling height, coverage
 Silensor nozzles  Cylinders sizes – 10lb - 1200 lb  Selector valve technology  Software considerations

• Optimize piping network  Etc. 

### Every agent yields multiple competitive system solutions9 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## We **ight & V** 

**olume, Design**  **Concentration, System**  **Cost**

 **Calculations based on a 60’ x 60’** **x 10’ volume**  **Ag ent**  **Ag ent** 

**Weight in**  **Pounds Ag**  **ent**

**Vo lume**  **in Cubic Feet**  **Ag ent**  **Design**

**Concentration for**  **Class A**  **Number**

**of Ta**  **nks FK 5**  **- 1**  **- 12**  **(Nov ec**  **1230) 1,467**  **NA 4.5%**  **2 HFC**  **- 227ea**  **(FM -** **200) 1,171**  **NA 6.7%**  **2 HFC**  **- 125**  **(ECA RO)**  **1,083 NA**  **8.7% 2**  **Inert Gases**  **NA 15,071**  **34.2% 36** 

•Agent alone does not dictate system cost • Optimized system design can make Novec systems less expensive • Social Security Administration Agent and System Investment has lead to cost ef fective substitutes10 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## Safety Margin for **To tal**  **Flooding**

**1. No Observable**  **Adverse Effect Level for cardiac sensitization**  **Ag ent**  **NOA EL**  **1 Ag**  **ent Concentration**  **Design for Class**  **A Safety** 

**Margin for**  **Class A**  **FK 5 -**  **1 -**  **12 (Nov** **ec 1230)**  **10% 4.5%**  **122% HFC**  **- 227ea**  **(FM -** **200) 9%**  **6.7% 34%**  **HFC -**  **125 (ECA** **RO) 7.5%**  **( 11.5%**  **PBPK) 8.7%**  **- 14%**  **( 32**  **%P BPK)**  **Inert Gases**  **43% 34.2%**  **26% CO**  **2 <5%**  **30.0% lethal**  **@ design concentration**  

### Are alternatives safer for human health and the environment?

Low GWPSubstitutes Provide a Large Margin of Safety11 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business

Properties No v e c

1230 F M-200

(H FC 227ea) EC ARO

(H FC125) In ert

Ga se s Halon

1301 Ozone D ep le tio n Pote nt ial (O DP) 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 12. 0 Gl ob al Wa rm in g Pote nt ial- IP CC 2001 1 3220 3500 0-1 7140 At mo sp heri c Li fe time( ye ars ) 0. 014 34. 2 29. 0 In ert Ga se s 65. 0 

## HFCs and Climate Change12 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000

**HFC- 23**  **HFC- 22**  **7ea HFC-**  **23 6f**  **a HFC-**  **12 5**  **HFC-**

**32 HFC-**  **13 4a**  **HFC- 15**  **2a HFC-** 

**24 5f**  **a HFC-**  **36 5m**  **fc HFC-** 

**43 -1**  **0m ee** **G W** **P** Fir e Pr ot ec ti on Ref rgerant Foam Blowi ng So lv ent 

## HFCs by Industry **Sector**

HFCs in Fire Suppression have the Highest GWPs13 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business

Published by Guus J. M. Ve lders , David W. Fahey, John S. Daniel, Mack McFarland, Stephen O. Andersen in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 106, June 2009 **HFC growth projected to = climate forcing of ODSs**

**and 9 -**  **19% of the Kyoto basket by 2050** 

HFC -227ea Atm. Concentrations

Laube et. Al. 2010 

### HFC Emissions from Fire Suppression Continue to Increase14 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business

© 3M 2008. All Rights Reserved. 

###  **Original EP**

**A SNAP**  **Language re: Novec**  **1230 Fluid**

 

### “(FK - 5- 1 - 12) provides an improvement over use of halon 1301, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in fire protection. W e find that C6- perfluoroketone is acceptable because it reduces overall risk to public health and the environment in the end use listed.” » U.S. EP A 12/20/02 Federal Register 

### Inert gas and water mist also reduce overall risk **SNAP P**  **rogram** - Evaluates substitutes that reduce overall risk to human health & environment in industrial sectors. Multiple testaments to the breadth and depth of available substitutes15 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### U.S. EP A Analysis of Te chnologies that could enable an HFC Phase -down

Inert Gases Water Mist Novec 1230 Fluid16 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business

. 

### September 201 1

http://ec.europa.eu/clima/studies/f -gas/docs/201 1_study_en.pdf17 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### “I n fire protection, the key abatement option could fully substitute the use of HFC -23 (GWP14,800) as fire extinguishing agent in or before 2030. The use of HFC -227ea, in contrast, can be replaced in most but not all applications.” 

## Substitutes exist for HFCs in Fire Suppression18 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business



## TEAP Progress Report - 2010
 There are some applications for which only the original halon , an HCFC, or a high GWP HFC (i.e., HFCs - 125, -227ea, -236fa and -23) is the only alternative. For example, the very low temperature requirements of the Alaskan oil and gas production facilities rule out all but halon 1301 or HFC -23. In crew bays of armoured vehicles,..On military and civilian flight lines...  HTOC - There are a few important fire protection applications such as oil and gas facilities in cold climates and crew bays of armoured vehicles where the only current options are to use recycled halon or a high - GWP HFC.19 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### Do other alternatives meet stringent technical demands for

particular end - uses?

 EPA has approved many non HFC substitutes for halon in fire suppression  Industry standards include HFCs and sustainable substitutes, e.g. NFPA, ISO.  System Innovation

 Every major system manufacturer has approvals for both HFC systems and sustainable alternatives.

 Approval body listings illustrate the broad diversity in systems using sustainable agents 

### Is there one alternative or multiple – allowing trust and choice?20 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## Multiple Approved Original Equipment Manufacturers Total Flooding System Manufacturers 

### Tyco UTC (Kidde) Minimax Firetrace Marine System Manufacturers Kidde Marine Minimax Sea - Fire Fire Fluid T

ech. Tyco Marine 

### SEVO Systems

Siemens Building T

echnologies Janus Specialty System Manufacturers 

### Amerex Firetrace Martec Competition with substitutes exists due to number of OEMs, agents, systems and installers21 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### Clean **Agent Pre 1994 Halon**  **1301 ( Ansul**  **, Fike**  **, Kidde, Chemetron**  **, Fenwal**  **, Pyrotronics**  **...) Av** **ailable Clean Agents Post**  **1994 -** **2003 (** **Ansul ,**  **Fike ,**  **Kidde, Chemetron**  **, Fenwal**  **, Pyrotronics**  **, Pemal**  **...)** IG - 55 IG - 541 FC 3 - 1 - 10 HFC -227ea Competitive Landscape 1994 - 201422 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business Clean Agent business **Post 2004** (Ansul , Pyro - Chem , Fike , Kidde, Chemetron , Fenwal , Siemens, Janus, Amerex , Victaulic, Firetrace , Minimax , SEVO, Viking..)

 IG - 55  IG - 100  IG - 541  FK- 5 - 1 - 12  HFC -227ea  HFC - 125 

###  Additional competitive considerations in 2014

 Aerosols

 Water Mist

 HyBrid Systems

 Pre- Action Systems

 Early Warning Smoke Detection

 O2 Reduction Systems 

### Status change on HFCs in fire suppression yields a market more competitive than that which existed pre -2004.23 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business

NFP A 2001 Standard on Clean Agent Fire Protection Systems ISO 14520 Standard on Gaseous Media Fire Extinguishing Systems ULListed FM Approved VdS Approved LPCB Approved IMO Recognized 

## Standards, **Approvals and**  **Listings for**  **Clean Agents** 

U.S EP A SNAPapproved as alternative to halon in occupied spaces

CNPPApproved24 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business



## FM Approvals for Clean Agents

 24 separate entities with FM approved systems

 20 with HFC Systems, 2 unlikely to sell in the U.S.

 16 with Novec 1230 Systems

 18 with Novec 1230 and/or Inert Gas

 4 don’t sell HFCs at all

 Major OEMs have both Novec and Inert gas alternatives to HFCs Multiple systems available, with technical equivalents (UL and FM approved), from multiple OEMs to provide trust and choice25 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## No Technical Barriers to HFC Status Change - Fire Suppression is a Specification Business  Specifying engineers will copy and paste the same construction specification until compelled to change.

 Path of least resistance 

###  OEMs may specify a unique system designs to narrow a specification and eliminate competition

 Based on competitive landscape, not technical merit 

###  When specifiers and end - users understand the difference in agents, they generally choose sustainable. HFC status change in clean agent fire suppression will accelerate transition to readily available substitutes26 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## Break Specification Inertia in both Government Procurement and Commercial Buildings
 NSA Fort Meade Data Center  NSA Specification still calls for FM -200  Based on inertia alone, not technical merit  71,000 lbs of FM -200 (HFC -227ea) **= 94,000 tons of CO2**  **eq**
 Annual greenhouse gas emissions from 17,045 passenger vehicles
 CO 2 emissions from 190,274 barrels of oil consumed
 Carbon sequestered annually by 67,064acres of U.S. forests
 CO 2 emissions from burning 352 railcars’ worth of coal 

### Inconsistent with LEED Energy & Atm. Credits, Executive Order 13514 and the CAP27 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

### Novec 1230 fluid Project with the Social Security Administration

SSA 2013 Project 45K lbs with a 45K lb connected reserve **Substituted 120,000 tons of CO**  **2 E emission potential**  SSA job illustrates that substantial investment in agent and system technology has lead to cost ef fective replacement of HFCs. 

### Switched from an FM **- 200 specification**  **to a high pressure system from Firetrace**  **, with large cylinders and optimized software which lead to**  **equipment and installation cost savings ($250,000)** 28 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business



## What’s Possible?  ~98 % reduction in HFC use in fire suppression

 Minimize growth of the installed base 

###  Status Change on HFCs in total flood fire suppression – Narrowed use limits

 HFC-23, HFC-227ea, HFC- 125, HFC-236fa, HFC- 134a – Use restriction – “Acceptable for nonresidential uses where other alternatives are not technically feasible due to performance or safety requirements.”, e.g., in military, aviation, or low temperature applications. 

###  Halon replacement

 Many global examples of halon replacement

 U.S., Malaysia, MEA29 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

## Other Stakeholder Perspectives

 Objection: Fire suppression engineer needs to be able to supply the best fire suppression.
• Response: Innovative substitutes are mature in the market and included in the same standard as HFCs. There are no technical barriers for ~98 %of new installations. Robust competitive landscape without HFCs.
 Objection – Cost
• Response – Sustainable solutions compete head to head with HFCs for every projects and frequently win.
 Objection – Small, non -emissive sector
• Response - Atmospheric concentrations show otherwise.30 © 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business



## Concluding Remarks  HFC substitutes are mature technologies and widely commercialized  All major system OEMs have sustainable alternatives  Market inertia with HFCs based on a 20 year specification history with HFCs, not technical need.

 Status change will break the inertia  With both agents and systems, the fire suppression market is well prepared for a shift to and competition with sustainable substitutes  Cost of substitutes is a slight premium, sometimes negative

 Low abatement cost by any measure 

### Status Change in Fire Suppression is Possible Now© 3M 2012. All Rights Reserved Electro & Communications Business 

# Thank You!!