U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Open-File Report 2012–1196

Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry 

Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program, 

Northeastern Arizona, 2005–11

Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs
FRONT COVER

Photograph of Chevelon Creek, Arizona (USGS photograph taken by Jamie P. Macy).
Groundwater, Surface-Water, and WaterChemistry Data from the C-Aquifer 

Monitoring Program, Northeastern Arizona, 

2005–11

By Christopher R. Brown and Jamie P. Macy

Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs

Open-File Report 2012–1196

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Department of the Interior

KEN SALAZAR, Secretary

U.S. Geological Survey

Marcia K. McNutt, Director

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2012

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from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report.

Suggested citation:

Brown, C.R., and Macy, J.P., 2012, Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data from C-aquifer monitoring 

program, northeastern Arizona, 2005–11: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012–1196, 37 p.
v

Contents

Abstract...........................................................................................................................................................1

Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1

Description of Study Area ...................................................................................................................1

Description of C Aquifer ......................................................................................................................2

Groundwater Use..................................................................................................................................3

Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................3

Previous Investigations of C Aquifer.................................................................................................3

Hydrologic Data..............................................................................................................................................5

Groundwater..........................................................................................................................................5

Surface-Water Discharge ...................................................................................................................8

Baseflow Investigations ......................................................................................................................8

Water Chemistry, 1933–2006 .............................................................................................................18

Well Water Chemistry, 1933–2005 ...........................................................................................18

Baseflow Investigation Water Chemistry, 2005–10..............................................................19

2005 Field Parameters......................................................................................................20

2006 Field Parameters......................................................................................................20

2008 Field Parameters......................................................................................................20

2010 Field Parameters......................................................................................................20

Summary........................................................................................................................................................21

References Cited..........................................................................................................................................36

Figures

 1. Approximate extent of the C Aquifer and location of the study area, northeastern Arizona ..2

 2. Generalized stratigraphic section of rock units in the study area 

and surrounding areas, northeastern Arizona.........................................................................4

 3. Generalized hydrogeologic section of the Little Colorado River Basin 

and adjoining areas near Flagstaff, Arizona ............................................................................5

 4. Locations of observation wells and discontinued streamflow-gaging station sites 

included in this study, northeastern Arizona............................................................................7

 5. Measured water levels (1965–2011) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona .................................................................................................9

 6. Measured water levels (1950, 1960, or 1965–2011) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...............................................................................................10

 7. Measured water levels (1980–2011) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...............................................................................................11

 8. Measured water levels (1995–2011) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...............................................................................................11

 9. Measured water levels (1965 or 2005–11) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...............................................................................................12

10. Measured water levels (2005–11) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...............................................................................................13
vi

11. Measured and continuously recorded water levels (1965–2011) 

in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...........................................14

12. Measured and continuously recorded water levels (2005–11) 

in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern Arizona ...........................................15

13. Locations of baseflow investigation sites (green and orange dots)

 included in this study, northeastern Arizona.........................................................................16

14. Discharge by river miles upstream of the confluence with the 

Little Colorado River (LCR) for baseflow investigation sites 

along Chevelon Creek and Clear Creek, northeastern Arizona ..........................................17

15. Specific conductance by river miles upstream of the confluence 

with the Little Colorado River (LCR) for baseflow investigation sites 

along Chevelon Creek and Clear Creek, northeastern Arizona ..........................................19

Tables

 1. Well locations and selected contruction data for C-aquifer wells 

included in this study, northeastern Arizona............................................................................6

 2. Period of record and drainage areas for historic streamflow-gaging stations 

included in this study, northeastern Arizona..........................................................................14

 3. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000), calendar year 2005....22

 4. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000), calendar year 2006....23

 5. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000), calendar year 2007....24

 6. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek below McHood Lake, 

near Winslow, AZ (09399100), calendar year 2005 ................................................................25

 7. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek below McHood Lake, 

near Winslow, AZ (09399100), calendar year 2006 ................................................................26

 8. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek below McHood Lake, 

near Winslow, AZ (09399100), calendar year 2007 ................................................................27

 9 Daily mean discharge for Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000), 

calendar year 2005 .....................................................................................................................28

10. Daily mean discharge for Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000), 

calendar year 2006 .....................................................................................................................29

11. Daily mean discharge for Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000), 

calendar year 2007 .....................................................................................................................30

12. Locations and descriptions of C-aquifer baseflow investigation sites 

included in this study, northeastern Arizona..........................................................................31

13. Measured field parameters at C-aquifer baseflow investigation sites along Clear Creek, 

Chevelon Creek, and Little Colorado River (LCR), northeastern Arizona...........................32

14. Physical and chemical analyses of water samples from selected C-aquifer wells, 

Little Colorado River basin, northeastern Arizona ................................................................34
Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry 

Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program, 

Northeastern Arizona, 2005–11

By Christopher R. Brown and Jamie P. Macy

Colorado River, 11 sites along Chevelon Creek, and 14 sites along 

Clear Creek were included. For the four baseflow investigations 

presented, a 2,000–3,000 microsiemens per centimeter increase in 

specific conductance was measured in Chevelon Creek from near 

its headwaters to the confluence with the Little Colorado River 

because of the contribution of highly conductive spring discharge. 

Clear Creek showed a less consistent pattern of increase in specific 

conductance with distance, but still exhibited changes on the order 

of 5,000 microsiemens per centimeter over just a few river miles

Water-chemistry data for selected wells and baseflow investigations sites are presented. No well samples analyzed exceeded 

the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant 

Level standards for drinking water, but several samples exceeded 

Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level standards for chloride, 

fluoride, sulfate, iron, and total dissolved solids.

Introduction

The C aquifer is a regionally extensive multiple-aquifer 

system supplying water for municipal, agricultural, and industrial 

use. Increases in water use and/or drought conditions have been 

reported to cause a lowering of the C-aquifer potentiometric and 

water-table surfaces (Bills and others, 2000). This decline in water 

level is observed in monitoring wells and is illustrated in the drying 

up of Obed Meadows, a natural peat deposit, and Hugo Meadows, 

a natural wetland—both south of Joseph City, Arizona (Donald 

J. Bills, U.S. Geological Survey, oral commun. 2011). To address 

these concerns, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation 

with the Bureau of Indian Affairs, developed a long-term monitoring 

plan in 2005 for the C aquifer in the region of Holbrook to Flagstaff 

along the Interstate 40 (I-40) corridor, to establish baseline 

groundwater and surface-water conditions.

Description of Study Area

The C-aquifer multiple-aquifer system is located on the 

Colorado Plateau physiographic province in northeastern 

Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southeastern Utah 

(fig. 1). The study area is within the Little Colorado River 

(LCR) Basin, but is focused on the region between Holbrook 

and Flagstaff along the I-40 corridor. 

Abstract

The C aquifer is a regionally extensive multiple-aquifer 

system supplying water for municipal, agricultural, and industrial 

use in northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and 

southeastern Utah. An increase in groundwater withdrawals 

from the C aquifer coupled with ongoing drought conditions in 

the study area increase the potential for drawdown within the 

aquifer. A decrease in the water table and potentiometric surface 

of C aquifer is illustrated locally by the drying up of Obed 

Meadows, a natural peat deposit, and Hugo Meadows, a natural 

wetland, both south of Joseph City, Arizona. Continual increase 

in water use from the C aquifer, including a planned increase in 

pumpage by the City of Flagstaff, is justification for continued 

monitoring of the C-aquifer system in order to quantify physical 

and chemical responses to pumping stresses.

Fifteen of the 35 C-aquifer wells analyzed had water-level 

data sufficient for percentage difference calculation for 2005–11. 

Change in water level as a percentage of the initial water-level 

measurement for these 15 wells ranged from about -0.2 to about 

-0.5 percent. For historical water-level data, changes in water 

levels were greatest around pumping centers, as indicated by a 

-97.0 feet (percentage difference of -16.5 percent) change over 

the period of record (1962–2005) for the Lake Mary 1 Well near 

Flagstaff, Arizona. In more rural areas of the C aquifer, water 

levels showed less change for both the temporal focus of this 

report (2005–11) and for historical values. 

Continuous records of surface-water discharge from 2005 

to 2007 for three discontinued streamflow-gaging stations (Clear 

Creek near Winslow, AZ, 09399000; Clear Creek below McHood 

Lake near Winslow, AZ, 09399100; and Chevelon Creek near 

Winslow, AZ, 09398000) were tabulated. For the period of record, 

Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ, and Chevelon Creek near Winslow, 

AZ, showed seasonal discharge distributions indicative of natural 

streams in the southwestern United States. Clear Creek below 

McHood Lake near Winslow, AZ showed discharge distribution 

indicative of perennial spring flow; with little variation annually.

Physical and chemical data collected during four baseflow 

investigations (summer 2005, summer 2006, summer 2008, 

and winter 2010) conducted on Clear Creek, Chevelon Creek, 

and a portion of the Little Colorado River were compiled and 

analyzed. Data from 7 sampling sites established on the Little 
Little

Colorado

River

Basin

Page

Cameron

Gallup

Kayenta

Show Low

Williams

River

S alt

Verde

Riv er

Co

Ri

er

v

a

o

do

r

l

0 50 KILOMETERS

0 25 50 MILES

25

37°

112° 111°

HOPI

TRIBAL

LANDS

THE

NAVAJO

NATION

113° 110° 108°

35°

34°

UTAH COLORADO OCANOZIRA IXEMWEN

36°

St. Johns

Window

Rock

River

Little

Blue

Spring

Study area and area of figure 4

Tribal lands boundary

EXPLANATION

A R I Z O N A

Phoenix

Tucson

Laughlin Flagstaff

Winslow

Flagstaff

Holbrook

Colorado

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1980.

Lambert Conformal Conic projection. 

Standard parallels 29° 30’ and 45° 30’, central meridian 111° 30’.

Leupp

109°

Springerville

Approximate extent of the c aquifer

—from Hart and others (2002)

2 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Description of C Aquifer

The C aquifer is named after the primary water-bearing 

rock unit within the aquifer, the Coconino Sandstone, but the 

saturated and hydraulically connected portions of the Kaibab 

Formation, the Schnebly Hill Formation, and the Upper and 

Middle Supai Formations constitute part of the C aquifer (fig. 2; 

Bills and others, 2000; Bills and Flynn, 2002; Hart and others, 

2002). The C aquifer has an areal extent of greater than 27,000 

mi2

, generally conforming to the surface-water drainage of the 

LCR Basin (fig. 1; Hart and others, 2002; Hoffman and others, 

2005). The aquifer extends both beyond the southern boundary 

of the LCR Basin into the Verde and Salt River Basins, 

conforming to the outcrops of Pennsylvanian and Permian age 

rocks, and beyond the north-northwestern boundary of the LCR 

Basin into Utah (fig. 1). In the northeastern part of the study 

area, the C aquifer is about 400–600 ft thick and thins eastward 

into New Mexico (Cooley and others, 1969; Hart and others, 

Figure 1. Approximate extent of the C Aquifer and location of the study 

area, northeastern Arizona. Modified from Hoffman and others, 2005.
Introduction 3

2002). Paleozoic rocks are relatively unexplored eastward into 

New Mexico, and water-level data are sparse for areas southeast 

of Gallup, New Mexico; therefore, the boundary of the C 

aquifer is uncertain in these locations (Hart and others, 2002). 

West of the LCR Basin (fig. 1), the C aquifer is dry except for 

isolated areas of perched water (McGavock and others, 1986; 

Hart and others, 2002). In the eastern and northern parts of the 

study area, the DeChelly and Glorieta Sandstones interfinger 

with the Coconino Sandstone to form the majority of the C 

aquifer water-bearing zone (fig. 3). This study concentrates on 

the portion of the C aquifer within the LCR Basin (fig. 1).

The C aquifer is anisotropic and unconfined in the majority 

of the study area; however, portions of the C aquifer are overlain 

by less permeable units of the Moenkopi, the Chinle, and the 

Bidahochi Formations, and by unfractured volcanics (Bill and 

others, 2000; S.S. Papadopulos and Associates, Inc., 2005). 

These formations are considered to be confining layers, with 

negligible amounts of downward leakage to the C aquifer, thus, 

the majority of recharge to the C aquifer occurs at either subaerial 

exposures or where the surface lithology is fractured (Hart and 

others, 2002). Known confined conditions for the C aquifer 

occur (1) in the Black Mesa area where the C aquifer is overlain 

by nearly impermeable Chinle and Moenkopi Formations, (2) 

in the southeastern part of the LCR Basin where the Bidahochi 

Formation is underlain by the Chinle and Moenkopi Formations, 

and (3) near the Woody Mountain and Lake Mary areas near 

Flagstaff where the volcanics are unfractured.

Groundwater Use

Groundwater development in the C aquifer has 

increased in the study area since the 1940s (Hart and others, 

2002). Currently, the City of Flagstaff and surrounding 

communities, three regional power plants, and a large 

paper mill near Snowflake, Arizona, are substantial users 

of C-aquifer water (S.S. Papadopulos and Associates, Inc., 

2005). Discharge from C aquifer springs provides baseflow 

for Clear Creek, Chevelon Creek, and the LCR, as shown in 

Brown and others (1978). Baseflow in these streams provides 

habitat for a myriad of species, including the endangered 

northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens), the speckled dace 

(Rhinichthys osculus), and the Little Colorado spinedace 

(Lepidomeda vittata) (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2011).

Purpose and Scope

This report presents groundwater, surface-water, and 

water-quality data collected during 2005 to the end of water 

year 2011 from an ongoing monitoring of the C aquifer near 

Hunt Valley along the I-40 corridor westward to Flagstaff. 

The report also includes historical water-level data and 

chemical analyses dating back to 1933 from wells developed 

in the C aquifer. Data presented include: (1) water-level data 

from 35 wells completed in the C aquifer, (2) surface-water 

discharge data from 3 discontinued streamflow-gage sites on 

Chevelon and Clear Creek (Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ, 

09399000; Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near Winslow, 

AZ, 09399100; and Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ, 

09398000), (3) water chemistry from selected well sites and 

baseflow investigation sites, and (4) water-quality parameters 

and discharge measurements from 4 baseflow investigations 

conducted on reaches of Clear Creek, Chevelon Creek, and the 

LCR. The USGS C-aquifer Monitoring Program is ongoing and 

will remain active dependent upon the availability of funds.

Previous Investigations of C Aquifer

C-aquifer hydrogeology and water use have been 

described in a number of USGS and non-USGS reports 

(Darton, 1910; Gregory, 1916; Harrell and Eckel, 1939; 

Johnson, 1962; Cooley and others, 1969; Mann, 1976, 1979, 

1983; Appel and Bills, 1980; McGavock and others, 1986; 

Bills and Flynn, 2002; Bills and others, 2000, 2007). Hart 

and others (2002) compiled data on the C aquifer in the 

LCR Basin and parts of the Verde and Salt River Basins 

and produced a groundwater budget and a generalized 

hydrogeological characterization of the C aquifer. Several 

private consulting firms (Peter Mock Groundwater Consulting, 

2003; Southwest Ground-water Consultants, Inc., 2003) 

prepared a collaborative report for the Bureau of Reclamation 

(Reclamation) assessing the water supply needs of the western 

part of the Hopi Tribal Lands and the Navajo Nation. The 

report contains estimates of population growth and water 

demand for the study area through 2050. Suggestions for 

enhanced conservation practices and possible alternative water 

sources were made. Geological, hydrological, and chemical 

data from the C aquifer near Leupp, Arizona, were analyzed 

and presented by Hoffman and others (2005) as part of a 

collaborative study conducted by the BOR, the USGS, the 

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Office of Surface Mining, 

and Native American tribes in order to assess the effects 

of proposed new development. Leake and others (2005) 

created a numerical groundwater change model to simulate 

possible effects of proposed withdrawals from C aquifer near 

Leupp. The model used two pumping scenarios to simulate 

the amount of discharge depletion for surface-water features 

including Clear Creek, Chevelon Creek, and the LCR. The 

model showed computed depletion in lower Chevelon Creek is 

less than that in lower Clear Creek because Chevelon Creek is 

more distant from the withdrawal locations, and the drawdown 

first reaches Clear Creek. Another groundwater-flow model of 

the C aquifer in northeastern Arizona and northwestern New 

Mexico was developed by S.S. Papadopulos and Associates, 

Inc. (2005). This model also simulated the possible effects 

of a proposed increase in withdrawals from the C aquifer 

near Leupp. The model constructed by S.S. Papadopulos and 

Associates, Inc. (2005) showed little impact on wells outside 

the proposed well field, but “significant” impact on perennial 

reaches of Chevelon and Clear Creeks for the pumping 

scenarios tested.
Figure 2. Generalized stratigraphic section of rock units in the study area and surrounding areas, northeastern Arizona.

4 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Granitoid and metamorphic rocks

Tapeatssandstone

Older

Shinarump

member of the

Chinle Formation

Younger Basalts

Younger

Basalts

Unconsolidated

sediments

Moenkopi Formation

Kaibab Formation

Toroweap Formation

Lower Supai Formation

Basalts

Redwall Limestone

Confining Layer

0–5,000

10S–100S

0–800

0–150

0–150

0–80

0–150

100–650

30 0–1,100

600–2,000

50–300

0–400

0–200

The Moenkopi Formationforms

a confining layer where present

Redwall-muav

Aquifer

Supai

Group

Ground water

can be perched

Solution

channels

and caves

C Aquifer

Relative thickness, in feet

San Francisco

Mountain

Coconino Sandstone

Schnebly Hill Formation

Hermit Formation

Upper Supai Formation

Middle Supai Formation

Temple Butte (Martin) Formation

Muav Limestone

Bright Angel Shale

Modified from Bills and others, 2007

 
Hydrologic Data 5

Figure 3. Generalized hydrogeologic section of the Little Colorado River Basin and adjoining areas near Flagstaff, Arizona, along 

Interstate 40 to the Arizona-New Mexico border. Modified from Billingsley and others (1980) and Hart and others (2002)

Little Colorado River

Defiance

Uplift

Anderson Mesa

Fault

Oak Creek

Fault

Recharge

area

W E Holbrook Joseph City Winslo

w

Flagstaff

Recharge area

Potential

evapotranspiration area

Coconino Sandstone

Bright

Angel

Shale

Granite

Supai Group

Naco

Redwall

Martin Limestone

Fm.

Chinle Formation

Entrada Sandstone

Wingate Sandstone

Yeso Formation Ft. Apache

Formation

Metamorphic

Rock(Schist)

Moenkopi

Formation

Formation

Glorieta

Sandstone

Kaibab

Formation

Volcanic

Rocks

De Chelly Sandstone

Muav

Limestone

Muav

Ls

Quarternary

and Tertiary 

Jurassic

Permian

Triassic

Pennsylvanian

Mississippian and Devonian

Cambrian

Precambrian

Regional water table

Direction of groundwater flow

Volcanicrocks

Verde Formation

Entrada Sandstone

Wingate Sandstone

Chinle and MoenkopiFormations

Kaibab Formation

Sedimentaryrocks—includes

 De Chelly Sandstone, Coconino

Sandstone, Glorieta Sandstone,

and Yeso Formation

Supai group—includesFt. Apache limestone

Naco Formation

Sedimentaryrocks—includes Redwall limestone

and Martin Formation

Sedimentaryrocks—includes Tapeats Sandstone,

Bright Angel Shale, and Muavlimestone

Unkar group

Graniticrocks

Metamorphicrocks

EXPLANATION

Hydrologic Data

All the hydrologic data presented in this report were queried 

from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) 

and are available publicly online (U.S. Geological Survey, 2012, 

accessed August 20, 2012, at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis).

Groundwater

Groundwater levels were monitored to determine 

the effects of withdrawal and drought on the C-aquifer 

potentiometric and water-table surfaces. The well network 

within the C-aquifer monitoring program consists of 35 wells 

distributed about the study area (table 1; fig. 4). Seventeen 

wells are visited quarterly to retrieve depth-to-water 

measurements (below land surface). The remaining18 wells 

within the network have not been visited since 2006 because 

of limited funding. Depth-to-water is measured from an 

established measuring point at the well head using a calibrated 

Solinst® Model 101 electric measuring tape (Solinst Canada 

Ltd., Georgetown, Ontario, Canada). Within the network, 

5 of the 30 wells are equipped for continuous water-level 

monitoring, including an upgrade for real-time data telemetry 

(table 1). Test wells were drilled at three well-cluster sites 

on the Navajo Nation near Leupp between January and April 
6 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 1. Well locations and selected contruction data for C-aquifer wells included in this study, northeastern Arizona.

[Latitude and longitude are in degrees, minutes, and seconds and referenced to NAD 83; ft, feet; ft bls, feet below land surface; —, information not available; 

N/A, not applicable; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; Reclamation, Bureau of Reclamation]

USGS identification 

numbers

Reclamation 

designation 

or common name

Latitude Longitude

Land-surface 

altitude (ft 

above

NAVD 29)

Hole 

depth 

(ft bls)

Perforated 

interval

 (ft bls)

Geologic formation 

in which well is 

completed

345603110450301 Winslow T-Well1 34°56'03" -110°45'03" 5,180 1,210 500 Coconino Sandstone

350002110355501 Winslow I-40 Well1 35°00'02" -110°35'55" 4,890 610 N/A Coconino Sandstone

350706111014701 Sunshine Well 35°07’06” -111°01'49" 5,352 1,155 N/A Coconino Sandstone

345023110111401 Holbrook Reclamation 34°50'23" -110°11'14" 5,360 570 N/A Coconino Sandstone

342024109220301 TEP M-6 34°20'24" -109°22'03" 6,060 550 160–550 Coconino Sandstone2

343637109374901 Hunt Valley 34°36'37" -109°37'49" 5,430 410 --- Coconino Sandstone

344928109515301 Petrified Forest Mesa 34°49'28" -109°51'53" 5,615 980 851–980 Coconino Sandstone

345310110062501 AZ Cattle Company 34°53'10" -110°06'25" 5,165 285 --- Coconino Sandstone

345333109474501 Petrified Forest Agate Bridge 34°53'33" -109°47'45" 5,590 780 690–780 Coconino Sandstone

350446110502501 Tucker Mesa 35°04'46" -110°50'25" 5,140 650 --- Coconino Sandstone

350716111354401 Lake Mary 1 35°07'16" -111°35'44" 6,810 1,287 --- Supai Formation

351025111303701 NPS Walnut Canyon 35°10'25" -111°30'37" 6,710 2,007 1,493–2,007 Supai Formation

351213111274001 ADOT Winona 35°12'13" -111°27'40" 6,440 1,800 --- Supai Formation

352214111324601 NPS Sunset Crater 35°22'07" -111°32'37" 6,970 2,200 --- Supai Formation

353410111284001 NPS Citadel 35°34'12" -111°28'46" 5,381 1,800 1,780-1,788 Supai Formation

354646111294801 Black Mesa Pipeline 35°46'46" -111°29'48" 4,830 1,292 1,072–1,292 Supai Formation

350848111381701 Skunk Canyon 35°08'48" -111°38'17" 6,915 1,800 --- Supai Formation

350856111441601 Woody Mountain 5 35°08'56" -111°44'16" 7,186 1,600 --- Coconino Sandstone

351127111360001 Foxglenn 35°11'37" -111°35'48" 6,775 2,280 1,145–2,280 Supai Formation

351223111342802 Continental 2 35°12'24" -111°34'26" 6,750 2,160 1,251–2,001 Supai Formation

350828111391501 Flagstaff Airport Well 35°08''28" -111°39'15" 6,960 1,590 40–1,590 Coconino Sandstone3

Site 1

351022111061801 OW-11 35°10'22" -111°06'18" 5,378 1,179 686–1,086 Coconino Sandstone4

351023111062002 PW-1A 35°10'23" -111°06'20" 5,378 1,134 837–1,077 Coconino Sandstone4

Site 2

351214111022101 OW-2B1 35°12'14" -111°02'21" 5,030 1,069 698–998 Coconino Sandstone

351216111021902 OW-2A shallow 35°12'16" -111°02'19" 4,985 1,140 400–420 Coconino Sandstone

351216111021903 OW-2A middle 35°12'16" -111°02'19" 4,985 1,140 661–681 Coconino Sandstone

351216111021904 OW-2A deep 35°12'16" -111°02'19" 4,985 1,140 1,100–1,120 Supai Formation

351218111021701 PW-2A 35°12'19" -111°02'17" 5021 1096 N/A Supai Formation

351213111022101 PW-2B 35°12'13" -111°02'21" 5030 1095 577–997 Coconino Sandstone

Site 3

350959110562303 OW-3A shallow1 35°09'57" -110°56'23" 4,882 755 250–270 Coconino Sandstone

350959110562302 OW-3A deep 35°09'57" -110°56'23" 4,882 755 694–714 Coconino Sandstone

350956110562002 OW-3C shallow 35°09'56" -110°56'20" 4,881 1,180 240–260 Coconino Sandstone

350956110562003 OW-3C middle 35°09'56" -110°56'20" 4,881 1,180 680–700 Coconino Sandstone

350956110562004 OW-3C deep 35°09'56" -110°56'20" 4,881 1,180 1,150–1,170 Supai Formation

350957110562601 PW-3 35°09'56" -110°56'20" 4,881 1,128 696–1,076 Coconino Sandstone4

1

Continuously monitored sites.

2

Coconino Sandstone overlain by Kaibab Limestone

3

Coconino Sandstone overlain by Kaibab Limestone and Toroweap Formation

4

Interfingered Coconino Sandstone and Schnebly Hill Formation
OW-2B

OW-1

OW-2A:

shallow,

middle,

and deep

OW-3A:

shallow,

and deep

OW-3C:

 shallow,

 middle,

and deep

PW-2B

PW-2A PW-1A

PW-3

200 FEET FEET 200 200 FEET

SITE 1 SITE 2 SITE 3

50 METERS 50 METERS 50 METERS

TEP M-6

Holbrook BOR

Winslow T-Well AZ Cattle Company

Winslow I-40 Well

Black Mesa Pipeline

Petrified Forest Mesa

Petrified Forest Agate Bridge

NPS Citadel

Lake Mary 1

Skunk Canyon

Flagstaff Airport Well

Woody Mountain 5

Tucker Mesa

Hunt Valley

Sunshine Well

NPS Sunset Crater

0 10 20 MILES

0 2010 KILOMETERS

Winslow

Holbrook

Leupp

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

264

87

87

77

77

64

89

99

191

191

180

40

40

17

Little

Colorado

River

Chevelon Creek

Clear Creek

Navajo Nation Boundary

Hopi Tribal Lands Boundary

09398000 09399000

09399100

Continental 2

Foxglenn

ADOT Winona

NPS Walnut Canyon Flagstaff

Base imagery from ESRI online database v93 on server arcgisonline.com

World Geodetic System 84 Projection zone 12, Datum: NAD83

EXPLANATION

Area of figure 13

Sites:

Observation well

Observation well cluster

Historic stream-gaging

111° 110° 36°

35°

Hydrologic Data 7

Figure 4. Locations of observation wells and discontinued streamflow-gaging station sites included in this study, northeastern Arizona. 

A detailed view of the well cluster sites near Leupp is shown below the map. Sections modified from Hoffman and other, 2005.

2005 (fig. 4). The three well clusters are near a proposed 

site of a C-aquifer well field and were intended to provide 

information for characterizing hydrogeologic properties of the 

C aquifer in that area (Hoffman and others, 2005). One well 

per well-cluster site is a continuously monitored well: Well 

OW-1 for Site 1, Well OW-2B for Site 2, and Well OW-3A 

shallow for Site 3 (fig. 4). The Winslow T-Well and Winslow 

I-40 Well are the other two continuously monitored sites. 

Water levels are measured manually on a quarterly basis at the 

five continuously monitored wells. Manual and continuous 

water-level measurements are available online (http://

waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/gw). 
8 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

The period of groundwater-level record varies from 

well to well. Historical depth-to-water measurements for 

wells previously monitored within the C-aquifer Monitoring 

Program were plotted to determine changes in water level 

over time. Depth-to-water increased around Flagstaff, a 

major pumping center, although little to no change was 

observed in more remote wells. Fifteen of the 35 C-aquifer 

wells analyzed had water-level data sufficient for percentage 

of difference calculations for 2005–11. Change in water level 

as a percentage of the initial water-level measurement for 

these 15 wells ranged from about -0.2 to about -0.5 percent. 

For historical water-level data, changes in water levels were 

greatest around pumping centers, as indicated by a -97.0 ft 

(percentage difference of -16.5 percent) change over the 

period of record (1962–2005) for the Lake Mary 1 Well near 

Flagstaff. In more rural areas of the C aquifer, water levels 

showed less change for both the temporal focus of this report 

(2005–11) and for historical values. Sporadic data through 

the period of record make water-level trends difficult to 

quantify for the remaining wells within the network (figs. 

5–10). More water-level data are necessary to evaluate 

water-level trends for a greater portion of the study area.

In 2006, five observation wells (Winslow T-Well, 

Winslow I-40 Well, Well OW-1, Well OW-2B, and Well 

OW-3A shallow) (fig. 4) were fitted with continuously 

logging pressure transducers that collected data at 15-min 

intervals (figs 11 and 12). Seasonal variation is visible in 

all five hydrographs, but little water-level change is seen 

during the period of record (fig. 12). Of the five continuously 

monitored wells, water levels for the end of water year 2011 

range from 37.6 ft at the Winslow I-40 Well to 614.8 ft at 

Well OW-1. Depth-to-water among the five wells increased 

to a maximum of -2.46 ft for 2005–11, at the Winslow I-40 

Well. Depth-to-water among the five wells increased to a 

minimum positive change of 0.21 ft for 2005–11, at Well 

OW-1. Depth-to-water for the Winslow T-Well has increased 

by 1.98 ft since monitoring began in 1969 (fig. 11), however, 

if the period of 2005–11 only is analyzed, little to no change 

in water level is indicated (fig. 12). Depth-to-water for the 

Winslow I-40 Well has changed by -1.6 ft since monitoring 

began in 1972 (fig. 11).

Surface-Water Discharge

Surface-water discharge data can show the qualitative 

reaction of a stream reach to runoff produced by precipitation 

or snowmelt and trends in the amount of discharge over 

time. Furthermore, surface-water discharge conditions 

during times when there is no overland runoff can provide 

information on natural baseflow, which is the discharge of 

C-aquifer water from springs and seeps. Because the surfacewater discharge through the perennial reaches of Clear 

Creek, Chevelon Creek, and the reach of the LCR between 

these two tributaries are fed by springs, surface-water 

discharge data can also show trends in baseflow. Streamflow 

data were monitored for too short of a time during 2005–11 

for the C-aquifer Monitoring Program to observe trends in 

baseflow in Chevelon and Clear Creeks.

Surface-water discharge data were collected at three 

sites, two on Clear Creek and one on Chevelon Creek (fig. 4). 

These streamflow-gaging stations were discontinued and 

have not been monitored due to the lack of funding support 

since September 2007 for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ 

(09399000), and Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near 

Winslow, AZ (09399100), and since December 2006 for 

Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000) (fig. 4; 

tables 2–11). Daily mean discharge values for the three 

streamflow-gaging stations for the period they operated 

can be accessed online (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/

dv/?referred_module=sw).

Baseflow in Chevelon Creek and Clear Creek and parts 

of the LCR are sustained by C-aquifer spring discharge. 

The majority of flow during non-baseflow conditions can 

be attributed to precipitation runoff either from winter and 

spring snowmelt or summer monsoonal activity. Daily 

mean discharge values were tabulated for three historical 

streamflow-gaging stations on Chevelon Creek and Clear 

Creek that were in service from 2005 to 2007 (tables 3–11). 

Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000) and 

Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000) show 

discharge distribution indicative of a natural stream channel 

in the southwestern United States, with relatively low 

baseflow discharge values and higher discharge values during 

winter and spring snowmelt and during summer monsoon 

activity (tables 3–5, 9–11). Conversely, Clear Creek below 

McHood Lake, near Winslow, AZ (09399100) has discharge 

values that are more evenly distributed throughout the year 

as a result of anthropogenic modification of the stream 

channel in the form of a concrete and earthen dam forming 

a reservoir (tables 6–8). Most surface-water discharge 

upstream of the dam is captured; therefore, the streamflow 

gage at Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near Winslow, 

AZ, predominantly is measuring discharge from C-aquifer 

springs downstream of the dam structure.

Baseflow Investigations

Groundwater discharge from C-aquifer springs and 

seeps is the source of baseflow for Chevelon Creek, Clear 

Creek, and parts of the LCR. Baseflow (natural) is sustained 

flow of a stream by groundwater discharge in the absence of 

direct runoff (http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/dictionary.html#B; 

accessed August 10, 2012). Clear Creek and Chevelon 

Creek are tributaries to the LCR. The USGS conducted four 

separate baseflow investigations during 2005–11 along Clear 

Creek, Chevelon Creek, and the reach of the LCR between 

the confluences of the two tributaries. These investigations 

provided information about groundwater discharge and 

groundwater chemistry in selected reaches of these streams. 

Baseflow was measured at multiple locations along the 

streams in as short a time as possible, with the intent of 

developing a detailed snapshot regarding the locations and 
Hydrologic Data 9

Holbrook BOR Well

NPS Walnut Canyon Well

NPS Citadel Well

NPS Sunset Crater Well

ADOT Winona Well

295

300

305

310

562

563

564

565

566

1,582

1,584

1,586

1,588

1,590

1,940

1,950

1,960

1965

562

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

563

564

565

566

Water level, in feet below land surface 

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Figure 5. Measured water levels (1965–2011) in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern Arizona.
10 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

AZ Cattle Company Well

Hunt Valley Well

Black Mesa Pipeline Well

P

S

S Lake Mary 1 Well

Woody Mountain 5 Well

P

P

S

1950

48

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

52

56

60

1950

15

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

25

35

45

1965

1060

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

1100

1140

1180

1965

550

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

600

650

700

Water level, in feet below land surface 

1960

1100

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

1115

1145

1160

1130

1965

Figure 6. Measured water levels (1950, 1960, or 1965–2011) in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern 

Arizona. “S” indicates a nearby C-aquifer well was being pumped during the measurement; “P” indicates the site well 

was being pumped.
Hydrologic Data 11

Figure 7. Measured water levels (1980–2011) in observation-well network, C aquifer, 

northeastern Arizona.

Figure 8. Measured water levels (1995–2011) in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern 

Arizona. “P” indicates the site well was being pumped; “R” indicates the site well was recently pumped.

Petrified Forest Mesa Well

Petrified Forest Agate Bridge Well

Well TEP M-6

300

310

320

330

260

265

270

280

50

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

65

80

95

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

275

Water level, in feet below land surface 

Skunk Canyon Well

Continental 2 Well R

R R

P P

P

Flagstaff Airport Well

Foxglenn Well R

P

P

895

905

915

925

1,295

1,345

1,395

815

820

825

830

835

1995

1,310

2000 2005 2010

1995 2000 2005 2010

1995 2000 2005 2010

1995 2000 2005 2010

1,350

1,390

1,430

Water level, in feet below land surface 

1,445
12 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Well OW-3A deep (Site 3)

Well OW-3A shallow (Site 3)

Well OW-3C middle (Site 3)

Well OW-3C shallow (Site 3)

Well OW-3C deep (Site 3)

Well PW-3 (Site 3)

Sunshine Well

224

225

226

227

228

225

226

227

228

229

2005

224

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

225

226

227

228

1965

562

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

563

564

565

566

Water level, in feet below land surface 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Figure 9. Measured water levels (1965 or 2005–11) in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern Arizona.
Hydrologic Data 13

Well OW-2A middle (Site 2)

Well OW-2A shallow (Site 2)

Well OW-2A deep (Site 2)

Well PW-2A (Site 2)

Well PW-2B (Site 2)

Well PW-1A (Site 1)

612

613

614

615

616

322

323

324

325

326

319

320

321

322

323

2005

328

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

329

330

331

332

Water level, in feet below land surface 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 10. Measured water levels (2005–11) in observation-well network, C aquifer, northeastern Arizona.
14 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 2. Period of record and drainage areas for historic streamflow-gaging stations included in this 

study, northeastern Arizona.

Station Name Station No. Period of

data collection

Drainage area 

(square miles)

Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ 09399000 June 1906–Sept. 2007 621

Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near Winslow, AZ 09399100 Sept. 2005–Sept. 2007 Not known

Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ 09398000 Jan. 1906–Dec. 2006 785

Figure 11. Measured and continuously recorded water levels (1965–2011) in observation-well 

network, C aquifer, northeastern Arizona. See Figure 12 for a better view of the continuouslymonitored period.

Winslow T-Well

Winslow I-40 Well 

Continuous 

monitoring 

began 8/10/2006

Continuous 

monitoring 

began 8/10/2006

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

268

270

30

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

35

40

45

264

266

Water level, in feet below land surface 
Hydrologic Data 15

2005

225.0

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

225.5

226.0

226.5

227.0

613.5

614.5

615.5

327.5

328.0

328.5

329.0

35.4

36.4

37.4

38.4

266.6

267.0

267.4

267.8

Winslow T-Well

Winslow I-40 Well 

Well OW-1 (Site 1)

Well OW-2B (Site 2)

Well OW-3A shallow (Site 3)

614.0

615.0

329.5

Water level, in feet below land surface 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Figure 12. Measured and continuously recorded water levels (2005–11) in observation-well network, 

C aquifer, northeastern Arizona.
16 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Figure 13. Locations of baseflow investigation sites (green and orange dots) included in this study, northeastern Arizona. 

amounts of C-aquifer discharge entering and leaving the 

stream along its length. Each baseflow investigation provides 

physical and chemical information for one point in time that 

can be used to evaluate the effects of human-caused stress 

(groundwater withdrawal) or natural stress, such as climate 

change. Repeat baseflow investigations and continuous 

monitoring of baseflow at streamflow-gaging stations can 

provide long-term information on C-aquifer baseflow trends. 

The baseflow investigations were conducted during the 

summers of 2005, 2006, and 2008 and the winter of 2010. 

Water-quality field parameters (pH, temperature, specific 

conductance, and dissolved oxygen percent saturation 

and concentration in milligrams per liter) and discharge 

were measured at each site to characterize physical and 

geochemical changes from near the headwaters of Chevelon 

Creek and Clear Creek to the confluence with the LCR. 

Seven sampling sites were established on the LCR, 11 sites 

along Chevelon Creek, and 14 sites along Clear Creek (table 

12; fig. 13). Sites along Chevelon Creek and Clear Creek 

Base imagery from ESRI online database

v93 on server.arcgisonline.com

World Geodetic System 84

Projection zone: 12 Datum: NAD83

Site Number

Clear

Chevelon 0 1 2 MILES

0 21 KILOMETERS

87

40

87

99

Winslow Little

Colorado

River

Clear

Creek

Chevelon

Creek

OBS2

OBS1

1c

1b

1a

13

12

10

11

6

7

8

1

2

3

9

5

4 13

12 11

9 7a

7b

5

3

4

6

2a

1 2

110°45' 110°30’

35°

McHood Lake

14

begin near the observed start of perennial flow, 11.6 mi and 

8.7 mi upstream of the respective confluences with the LCR. 

Downstream sites were selected based on accessibility to the 

streams, and the presence of springs or manmade structures 

(dams, diversions, etc.). Discharge values for baseflow 

investigation sites are available online (http://waterdata.usgs.

gov/nwis/measurements, accessed August10, 2012) and in 

table 13. During the 2005 and 2006 baseflow investigations, 

water-chemistry samples were collected at selected sites and 

analyzed for major ions, nutrients, iron, boron, and arsenic. 

Water-chemistry data for C-aquifer baseflow investigation 

sites are available online (http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/

nwis/qwdata). 

Data collected during these baseflow investigations 

were tabulated by site number and date (table 13). Data 

are included from 15 sites along Chevelon Creek and the 

LCR near the confluence between Chevelon Creek and the 

LCR, and 16 sites along Clear Creek and the LCR near the 

confluence of Clear Creek and the LCR.
Hydrologic Data 17

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

3.0

12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0

1

2

3

7

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

2.5

0

4

5

6

2008

2010

2005

Seepage

Investigation

2006

Chevelon Creek River miles upstream of LCR confluence 

Chevelon Creek River miles upstream of LCR confluence 

Discharge, in cubic feet per second

Figure 14. Discharge by river miles upstream of the confluence with the Little Colorado River (LCR) for 

baseflow investigation sites along Chevelon Creek and Clear Creek, northeastern Arizona.

Determining gaining and losing reaches of a springfed stream and how these characteristics seasonally and 

temporally change can be indicative of changing water levels 

within the source aquifer (Alley and others, 1999). A reach that 

was once gaining and begins to lose over time can indicate a 

lowering of the water table, and vice versa. Measured discharge 

data in cubic feet per second (ft3/s) from all four baseflow 

investigations were plotted to determine gaining and losing 

reaches along Clear and Chevelon Creeks (fig. 14). 

Chevelon Creek is gaining in discharge from where 

perennial flow begins to approximately 8.5 mi upstream 

of the confluence with the LCR, and then loses discharge 

downstream, as flow is nearly zero at 3.5 mi upstream of the 

confluence with the LCR because of backwater conditions 

created by a low-water dam at about 500 m upstream of the 

confluence. Beginning at the zero discharge point 3.5 mi 

upstream of the confluence with the LCR to the confluence, 

Chevelon Creek shows gains in discharge, especially during 

the 2005–10 baseflow investigations (fig. 14). 

Clear Creek gains in discharge from its headwaters to about 

3 mi upstream of its confluence with the LCR. Flow is near zero 

at about 1 mi upstream of the confluence with the LCR because 

of the damming of Clear Creek to form McHood Lake, southeast 

of Winslow, Arizona (fig. 14). A cluster of springs downstream 

of the dam structure provides gains in discharge along the reach 

from the dam to the confluence with the LCR.
18 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Water Chemistry, 1933–2006

Water-chemistry samples presented in this report were 

collected from 1933 to 2005 at 14 wells developed in the 

C aquifer (table 14). During 2005 and 2006, water samples 

were collected and analyzed from selected baseflowinvestigation sites (table 15). Quality control for the 2005 

and 2006 baseflow sample collection was implemented 

by: (1) use of proper training of field personnel, (2) use 

of standard USGS field and laboratory protocols (U.S. 

Geological Survey, variously dated), (3) collection of four 

field sample blanks (two samples collected at spring sites 

during the 2006 baseflow investigations and two well 

samples collected directly from a hose bib on the well 

casing in 2001 and 2005), and (4) thorough review of 

the analytical results. All USGS scientists involved with 

this study have participated in the USGS National Field 

Quality Assurance Program, which requires participants 

to successfully determine pH, specific conductance, and 

alkalinity of reference samples supplied by the USGS 

Branch of Quality Systems. Field personnel were trained in 

water-quality field methods by USGS personnel or through 

formal instruction at a USGS water-quality field-methods 

class.

Well Water Chemistry, 1933–2005

Periodically, samples from selected C-aquifer 

observation and supply wells are collected and analyzed 

for water chemistry. Field parameters are measured, and 

water samples are analyzed for major ions, nutrients, 

iron, boron, and arsenic. Water-quality data for selected 

wells from this study and other sites are accessible online 

(http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/qwdata). 

Results of water-chemistry samples collected from 

14 wells between1933 and 2005 are shown in table 14 

and also are available online at http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.

gov/usa/nwis/qwdata. Specific conductance values ranged 

from 380 μS/cm at the NPS Walnut Canyon well to 

4,740 μS/cm at the Winslow T-Well. The highest calcium 

concentration (148 mg/L) was at the NPS Sunset Crater 

well. The remaining wells had calcium concentrations 

ranging from 127 mg/L at Wells OW-1 and PW-1A to 

41.1 mg/L at the Winslow T-Well. Sodium concentration 

was highest (1,000 mg/L) at the Winslow I-40 Well. The 

remaining wells had sodium concentrations ranging from 

947 mg/L at the Winslow T-Well to 3.90 mg/L at the 

NPS Walnut Canyon well. Chloride concentration was 

highest (1,500 mg/L) at the Winslow I-40 Well. Chloride 

concentrations in the remaining wells ranged from 

1,210 mg/L at the Winslow T-Well to 4.00 mg/L at the 

NPS Walnut Canyon. Sulfate concentration was highest 

(617 mg/L) at the Winslow T-Well. Sulfate concentrations 

in the remaining wells ranged from 386 mg/L at Well 

OW-1 to 1.90 mg/L at the NPS Walnut Canyon well. Iron 

concentration was highest (3,000 μg/L) at Well TEP M-6. 

Iron concentrations in the remaining wells ranged from 

794 μg/L at Well OW-1 to 0 μg/L at the NPS Walnut Canyon 

well. Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration was highest 

(3,380 mg/L) at the Winslow I-40 Well. Total dissolved 

solids concentrations for the remaining wells ranged from 

1,520 mg/L at the Tucker Mesa well to 2.28 mg/L at the 

Winslow T-Well.

Chemical constituents from the 14 wells were 

compared to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

(USEPA) primary and secondary drinking water standards 

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2009). Maximum 

contaminant levels (MCLs), which are the primary 

regulations, are legally enforceable standards that apply to 

public water systems. MCLs protect drinking-water quality 

by limiting the levels of specific contaminants that adversely 

can affect public health. Secondary maximum contaminant 

levels (SMCLs) provide guidelines for the control of 

contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects (such as skin 

or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, 

odor, or color) in drinking water. The USEPA recommends 

compliance with SMCLs for public water systems; however, 

compliance is not enforced. None of the water samples 

analyzed exceeded the USEPA MCL standards, but several 

samples exceeded the USEPA SMCL standards for chloride, 

fluoride, sulfate, iron, and total dissolved solids (table 

14). The SMCL for chloride (250 mg/L) was exceeded by 

samples from three wells: the Winslow T-Well, the Winslow 

I-40 Well, and Tucker Mesa. The SMCL for fluoride 

(2.0 mg/L) was exceeded by two water samples from Well 

TEP M-6, both samples were collected on the same day in 

1985. The SMCL for sulfate (250 mg/L) was exceeded by 

four samples from the Winslow T-Well collected in 1969; 

four samples from the Sunshine Well collected in 1953, 

1978, and 2005; four samples from Well PW-3 collected 

in 2005; three samples from Well OW-1 collected in 2005; 

four samples from Well PW-2B collected in 2005; and two 

samples from Well OW-2B collected in 2005. The SMCL 

for iron (300 μg/L) was exceeded by two samples from Well 

TEP M-6 collected in 1985; one sample from Well PW-3 

collected in 2005; two samples from Well OW-1 collected 

in 2005; two samples from Well PW-1A collected in 2005; 

and two samples from Well OW-2B collected in 2005. The 

SMCL for total dissolved solids (500 mg/L) was exceeded 

by 11 wells: two samples from Well TEP M-6 collected in 

1985; one sample from the Winslow I-40 Well collected in 

1972; one sample from the Tucker Mesa Well collected in 

2006; three samples from the Sunshine Well collected in 

1978 and 2005; three samples from Well PW-3 collected 

in 2005; three samples from Well OW-1 collected in 2005; 

three samples from Well PW 1-A collected in 2005; three 

samples from Well PW-2B collected in 2005; two samples 

from Well OW-2B collected in 2005; one sample from NPS 

Sunset Crater collected in 1965; and one sample from NPS 

Citadel collected in 1967.
Hydrologic Data 19

 Figure 15. Specific conductance by river miles upstream of the confluence with the Little Colorado River 

(LCR) for baseflow investigation sites along Chevelon Creek and Clear Creek, northeastern Arizona.

Baseflow Investigation Water Chemistry, 2005–10

Water samples were collected and analyzed for water 

chemistry (major ions, nutrients, iron, boron, and arsenic) 

and field parameters parameters (pH, temperature, specific 

conductance, and dissolved oxygen percent saturation and 

concentration in milligrams per liter) at 5 sites during the 2005 

baseflow investigation and 10 sites during the 2006 baseflow 

investigation (table 15). The 2005 samples were taken at three 

Chevelon Creek sites and two Clear Creek sites. Sampling for 

the 2006 baseflow investigation took place at six Chevelon 

Creek sites and four Clear Creek sites. 

Water-chemistry samples from sites that were sampled 

during both the 2005 and the 2006 baseflow investigations 

showed similar physical and chemical properties (table 15). 

Specific conductance for Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 

806 μS/cm at Chevelon Site 11 in 2005 to 5,090 μS/cm at the 

Chevelon Site 1b in 2006 (table 15). Chloride concentrations 

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0

2005

Seepage

Investigation

2006

2008

2010

Chevelon Creek River miles upstream of LCR confluence 

Chevelon Creek River miles upstream of LCR confluence 

Specific conductance, in microsiemens per centimeter 
20 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

for Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 94.2 mg/L at 

Chevelon Site 11 in 2005 to 1,400 mg/L at Chevelon 

Site 1b in 2006, whereas dissolved-solids concentrations 

ranged from 488 mg/L at Chevelon Site 11 in 2005 to 

2,910 mg/L at Chevelon Site 1b in 2006 (table 15). Specific 

conductance for Clear Creek sites ranged from 1,980 μScm 

at Clear Site 14 in 2006 to 6,300 μS/cm at Clear Site 3 in 

2005 (table 15). Chloride concentrations for Clear Creek 

sites ranged from 498 mg/L at Clear Site 14 in 2006 to 

1,750 mg/L at Clear Site 6 in 2005 and 2006, whereas 

dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 1,070 mg/L at 

Clear Site 14 in 2006 to 3,610 mg/L at Clear Site 6 in 2006 

(table 15).

Of the field parameters measured, specific conductance 

showed the most change in values from near the headwaters 

to the confluence with the LCR for Chevelon and Clear 

Creeks during all four baseflow investigations (table 13; 

fig. 15). There is an increase in specific conductance of 

about 4,500 μS/cm from near the headwaters of Chevelon 

Creek to the confluence with the LCR. This increase may 

be attributed to either the introduction of highly conductive 

groundwater discharge (increase in specific conductance 

initially occurs at spring sites, Chevelon Site 6 and 

Chevelon Site 8) along the stream and/or surface-water 

interaction with local geology of a high evaporate content. 

Clear Creek shows a less consistent pattern of increase in 

specific conductance, probably due to the lack of sites, but 

still exhibits changes on the order of 5,000 μS/cm within a 

few river miles (fig. 15). 

2005 Field Parameters

In 2005, data were collected from July 6 to 7. This 

investigation included 13 sites along Chevelon Creek and 

the LCR near the confluence, and 12 sites along Clear 

Creek and the LCR near the confluence (table 12). Specific 

conductance values for Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 

115 μS/cm at Chevelon Site 13 to 4,800 μS/cm at Chevelon 

Site 6 (table13). pH values for Chevelon Creek sites ranged 

from 7.5 at Site 7 to 9.2 at Chevelon Site 13 (table 13). 

Dissolved-oxygen concentration for Chevelon Creek sites 

ranged from 3.0 mg/L at Chevelon Site 6 to 9.1 mg/L at 

Site 3 (table 13). Specific conductance values for Clear 

Creek sites ranged from 1,190 μS/cm at Clear Site 7a to 

7,120 μS/cm at Clear Site 2 (table 13). pH values for Clear 

Creek sites ranged from 7.2 at Clear Site 5 and Clear Site 

6 to 9.2 at Site Clear Site 7b (table 13). Dissolved-oxygen 

concentration for Clear Creek sites ranged from 1.5 mg/L at 

Clear Site 5 to 9.5 mg/L at Clear Site 12 (table 13).

2006 Field Parameters

In 2006, data were collected from June 22 to 23. This 

investigation included 15 sites along Chevelon Creek and 

the LCR near the confluence, and 11 sites along Clear 

Creek and the LCR near the confluence (table 12). Specific 

conductance values for Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 

938 μS/cm at Chevelon Site 11 to 5,380 μS/cm at Chevelon 

Site 1c (table 13). pH values for Chevelon Creek sites 

ranged from 7.1 at Chevelon Site 6 to 9.2 at Chevelon Site 

13 (table 13). Dissolved-oxygen concentration for Chevelon 

Creek sites ranged from 1.6 mg/L at Chevelon Site 6 to 

8.9 mg/L at Chevelon Site 1 (table 13). Specific conductance 

values for Clear Creek sites ranged from 1,980 μS/cm at 

Clear Site 14 to 6,390 μS/cm at Clear Site 6 (table 13). pH 

values for Clear Creek sites ranged from 7.4 at Clear Sites 4, 

5, and 6 to 8.8 at Clear Site 7a (table 13). Dissolved-oxygen 

concentration for Clear Creek sites ranged from 1.5 mg/L at 

Site 5 to 8.7 mg/L at Site 12 (table 13).

2008 Field Parameters

In 2008, data were collected from June 24 to 25. This 

investigation included six sites along Chevelon Creek and 

the LCR near the confluence, and three sites along Clear 

Creek and the LCR near the confluence (table 12). Specific 

conductance values for Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 

3,960 μS/cm at Chevelon Site 4 to 5,510 μS/cm at Chevelon 

Site 1c (table 13). pH values for Chevelon Creek sites 

ranged from 8.3 at Chevelon Site 3 to 8.5 at Chevelon Sites 

1b and 1c (table 13). Dissolved-oxygen concentration for 

Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 5.9 mg/L at Chevelon 

Site 4 to 7.1 mg/L at Chevelon Sites 1 and 2 (table1 3). Field 

parameters were not recorded for Clear Creek sites in 2008.

2010 Field Parameters

In 2010, data were collected from December 1 to 2. 

This was the first winter baseflow investigation conducted. 

Winter data values can be compared to data from summer 

investigations to analyze seasonal variation in water quality 

and quantity for springs discharging from the C aquifer. 

Winter baseflow is less affected by evapotranspiration and 

runoff associated with monsoon activity; however, runoff 

conditions were not present during the 2005, 2006, and 

2008 baseflow investigations. This investigation included 

11 sites along Chevelon Creek and the LCR near the 

confluence and 8 sites along Clear Creek and the LCR near 

the confluence (table 12). Specific conductance values for 

Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 920 μS/cm at Chevelon 

Site 10 to 4,680 μS/cm at Chevelon Site 6 (table 13). pH 

values for Chevelon Creek sites ranged from 7.8 at sites 

Chevelon Sites 5 and 1a to 8.6 at Chevelon Site 4 (table 

13). Dissolved-oxygen concentration for Chevelon Creek 

sites ranged from 4.0 mg/L at Chevelon Site 6 to 11.3 mg/L 

at Chevelon Site 11 (table 13). Specific conductance values 

for Clear Creek sites ranged from 2,030 μS/cm at Clear Site 

13 to 9,840 μS/cm at Clear Site 7b (table 13). pH values for 

Clear Creek sites ranged from 7.0 at Clear Site 7b to 8.4 at 

Clear Site 13. Dissolved-oxygen concentration for Clear 

Creek sites ranged from 1.4 mg/L at Clear Site 5 to 

11.2 mg/L at Clear Site 13 (table 13).
Summary 21

Summary

The C aquifer is a regionally extensive aquifer 

supplying water for municipal, agricultural, and industrial 

use in northeastern Arizona, northeastern New Mexico, 

and southeastern Utah. This report presents data from an 

ongoing study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 

cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs to monitor 

water quality and quantity within the C aquifer along 

Interstate 40 (I-40) corridor from near Holbrook to Flagstaff. 

Data presented includes: (1) water-level data from 35 wells 

completed in C aquifer, (2) surface-water discharge data 

from 3 discontinued streamflow-gage sites on Chevelon 

and Clear Creeks, (3) water chemistry from selected well 

sites and baseflow investigation sites, and (4) water-quality 

parameters and discharge measurements from the four 

baseflow investigations conducted on reaches of Clear and 

Chevelon Creeks, and a reach of the Little Colorado River 

(LCR). Data from 2005 to the end of water year 2011 were 

the focus of this report, but water-level data from the 1950s 

and 1960s and water-chemistry data dating to the 1930s also 

were reported. 

Water-level data for the C aquifer is monitored to 

establish baseline water-level information prior to potential 

effects of future development on the aquifer. Depth–to-water 

increased around pumping centers, whereas little to no 

change in water level was observed in more remote area 

wells during 2005–11. Change in water level as a percentage 

of the initial water-level measurement for 15 wells ranged 

from about -0.2 to about -0.5 percent. For historical waterlevel data, changes in water levels were greatest around 

pumping centers, as indicated by a -97.0 feet (ft) (percentage 

difference of -16.5 percent) change over the period of record 

(1962–2005) for the Lake Mary 1 Well near Flagstaff, 

Arizona. Of the five continuously monitored wells, water 

levels for the end of water year 2011 ranged from 37.6 ft 

below land surface at the Winslow I-40 Well to 614.8 ft 

below land surface at Well OW-1. Depth-to-water among the 

five wells increased to a maximum of -2.46 ft for 2005–11, at 

the Winslow I-40 Well. Depth-to-water among the five wells 

increased a minimum positive change of 0.21 ft for 2005–11, 

at Well OW-1.

Four separate baseflow investigations have been 

conducted (the summers of 2005, 2006, and 2008, and winter 

2010) on Chevelon Creek, Clear Creek, and the LCR. Field 

parameters and stream discharge were measured at 

15 Chevelon Creek sites and 15 Clear Creek sites to 

determine gaining and losing reaches and to assess the quality 

and quantity of water discharging from C aquifer. There 

was a 4,500 microsiemens per centimeter (μS/cm) increase 

in specific conductance from the headwaters of Chevelon 

Creek to the confluence with the LCR. This increase may be 

attributed to introduction of highly conductive groundwater 

via spring discharge along the stream, or surface-water 

interaction with country rock of a high evaporate content. 

Clear Creek shows a less consistent pattern of increase in 

specific conductance, but still exhibits changes on the order 

of 5,000 μS/cm within a few river miles.

Water-chemistry analyses for 14 wells within the 

C aquifer monitoring well network are available beginning in 

1933. Since 1933, specific conductance values have ranged 

from 4,740 μS/cm at the Winslow T-Well, to 380 μS/cm at 

NPS Walnut Canyon. Total dissolved solids concentration 

was highest (3,380 milligrams per liter [mg/L]) at the 

Winslow I-40 Well. Total dissolved solids concentrations 

for the remaining wells ranged from 1,520 mg/L at the 

Tucker Mesa well, to 2.28 mg/L at Winslow T-Well. None 

of the samples analyzed exceeded the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant 

levels standards, but several samples exceeded the USEPA 

secondary maximum contaminant levels standards for 

chloride, fluoride, and sulfate. Water samples also were 

collected and analyzed for water chemistry (major ions, 

nutrients, iron, boron, and arsenic) at 5 sites during the 2005 

baseflow investigation and 10 sites during the 2006 baseflow 

investigation. Samples from sites that were sampled during 

the 2005 and the 2006 baseflow investigations showed 

similar physical and chemical signatures.

Tables 3–14 to follow.
22 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 3. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000), calendar year 2005.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2005—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 1.5 0.10 0.51

2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 1.6 0.10 0.40

3 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 1.5 0.08 0.43

4 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.10 0.45

5 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.10 0.45

6 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.40

7 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.52

8 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.53

9 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.55

10 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 7.4 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.57

11 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 8.3 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.53

12 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.6 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.53

13 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 1.4 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.53

14 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.54

15 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.53

16 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.57

17 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.60

18 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.62

19 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.62

20 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.68

21 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.76

22 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.83

23 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.83

24 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.59 0.77

25 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.61 0.76

26 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.71

27 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.55 0.70

28 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.52 0.69

29 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.78 0.01 0.51 0.74

30 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 1.1 0.05 0.53 0.75

31 --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 --- 0.08 --- 0.72

TOTAL --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 21.12 2.29 5.57 9.89 18.82

MEAN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.68 0.08 0.18 0.33 0.61

MAX --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 8.3 1.1 1.6 0.61 0.83

MIN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.40

MEDIAN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.57

ACRE-FT --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 42 4.5 11 20 37

CFSM --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Summary 23

Table 4. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000), calendar year 2006.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2006—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 0.60 2.6 1.5 0.64 0.43 0.06 0.78 1.5 0.21 0.24 0.60 0.61

2 0.60 2.7 1.3 0.66 0.47 0.10 0.82 1.1 0.19 0.20 0.61 0.65

3 2.6 1.3 0.67 0.42 0.14 0.77 0.71 0.18 0.19 0.61 0.66

4 0.61 2.6 1.1 0.66 0.40 0.19 0.69 5.0 0.21 0.17 0.61 0.71

5 0.69 2.6 1.00 0.51 0.37 0.23 0.69 5.1 0.20 0.22 0.62 0.76

6 0.69 2.5 0.89 0.45 0.40 0.23 0.68 4.2 0.15 1.3 0.74 0.76

7 0.69 2.5 0.75 0.49 0.45 0.23 0.67 3.3 0.14 1.7 0.82 0.77

8 0.69 2.5 0.68 0.50 0.39 0.41 0.70 2.3 0.32 1.4 0.88 0.81

9 0.69 2.5 0.61 0.48 0.34 0.55 0.88 1.8 0.28 1.2 0.83 0.84

10 0.69 2.5 0.41 0.33 0.38 0.57 0.85 1.5 0.24 1.1 0.77 0.82

11 0.69 2.5 0.48 0.27 0.42 0.52 0.75 1.3 0.22 0.92 0.75 0.84

12 0.69 2.5 0.45 0.27 0.41 0.50 0.48 1.3 0.21 0.90 0.76 0.84

13 0.82 2.5 0.45 0.29 0.35 0.45 0.39 1.6 0.19 0.84 0.77 0.84

14 1.3 2.5 0.49 0.25 0.31 0.40 0.26 2.3 0.20 0.90 0.80 0.84

15 1.6 1.9 0.53 0.21 0.32 0.39 0.22 2.3 0.60 0.90 0.79 0.84

16 1.9 1.6 0.59 0.22 0.31 0.43 0.14 2.3 0.43 0.78 0.84 0.80

17 2.1 1.8 0.60 0.22 0.34 0.45 0.07 11 0.32 0.52 0.84 0.73

18 2.3 1.9 0.53 0.22 0.35 0.46 0.04 5.1 0.22 0.45 0.88 0.76

19 2.3 2.0 0.55 0.26 0.31 0.46 0.00 2.4 0.15 0.45 0.91 0.76

20 2.4 2.2 0.52 0.29 0.29 0.45 0.04 1.7 0.10 0.45 0.90 0.76

21 3.3 2.3 0.52 0.31 0.25 0.45 0.06 1.3 0.05 0.47 0.83 0.75

22 3.7 2.4 0.61 0.28 0.18 0.46 0.04 0.95 0.05 0.53 0.79 0.74

23 5.0 2.4 0.65 0.22 0.20 0.51 0.03 0.82 0.05 0.61 0.78 0.70

24 4.1 2.3 0.69 0.21 0.26 0.58 0.05 0.65 0.05 0.71 0.78 0.69

25 3.4 2.0 0.69 0.21 0.29 0.56 0.05 0.69 0.08 0.80 0.77 0.68

26 3.4 1.9 0.70 0.22 0.26 0.55 0.02 0.79 0.15 0.77 0.76 0.74

27 3.2 1.9 0.72 0.21 0.18 0.58 0.01 0.62 0.20 0.73 0.69 0.73

28 3.0 1.7 0.77 0.22 0.03 0.67 0.00 0.45 0.21 0.65 0.56 0.91

29 2.8 --- 0.63 0.29 0.00 0.65 0.00 0.36 0.22 0.63 0.63 1.3

30 2.7 --- 0.64 0.34 0.00 0.69 2.0 0.28 0.26 0.61 0.61 1.3

31 2.7 --- 0.66 --- 0.02 --- 2.1 0.22 --- 0.60 --- 1.2

TOTAL 59.96 63.9 22.01 10.40 9.13 12.92 14.28 64.94 6.08 21.94 22.53 25.14

MEAN 1.93 2.28 0.71 0.35 0.29 0.43 0.46 2.09 0.20 0.71 0.75 0.81

MAX 5.0 2.7 1.5 0.67 0.47 0.69 2.1 11 0.60 1.7 0.91 1.3

MIN 0.60 1.6 0.41 0.21 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.22 0.05 0.17 0.56 0.61

MEDIAN 1.9 2.5 0.64 0.28 0.32 0.46 0.26 1.5 0.20 0.65 0.77 0.76

ACRE-FT 119 127 44 21 18 26 28 129 12 44 45 50

CFSM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

 Calendar Year 2006 TOTAL 333.23 MEAN 0.91 MAX 11 MIN 0.00 MEDIAN 0.65 ACRE-FT 661 CFSM 0.00
24 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 5. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek near Winslow, AZ (09399000), calendar year 2007.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2007—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 1.2 4.3 1.9 67 2.6 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 --- --- ---

2 1.2 3.4 2.0 51 3.3 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 --- --- ---

3 1.2 3.1 2.2 45 2.7 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 --- --- ---

4 1.1 3.0 2.3 39 2.1 0.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 --- --- ---

5 1.1 3.0 2.8 34 2.0 1.1 0.00 30 --- --- --- ---

6 0.99 3.0 4.2 28 2.1 0.99 0.00 9.8 --- --- --- ---

7 0.92 3.0 3.8 23 2.2 1.2 0.00 4.6 --- --- --- ---

8 0.92 2.8 3.4 18 2.3 1.4 0.00 2.0 --- --- --- ---

9 0.92 2.6 3.2 15 2.4 1.5 0.00 1.1 --- --- --- ---

10 1.0 2.6 3.0 13 2.4 1.6 0.00 0.46 --- --- --- ---

11 1.4 2.8 2.8 13 2.4 2.1 0.00 0.12 --- --- --- ---

12 1.6 3.1 2.6 10 2.3 2.3 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

13 1.8 3.3 2.6 9.8 2.2 1.8 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

14 2.0 4.3 2.5 9.2 2.2 1.9 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

15 2.1 4.0 2.5 6.0 2.1 2.0 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

16 2.2 3.4 42 4.5 2.2 2.0 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

17 2.3 3.3 197 4.4 2.3 1.8 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

18 2.4 3.0 200 3.0 2.3 1.8 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

19 2.5 2.7 193 2.2 2.3 1.8 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

20 2.8 2.5 185 2.2 2.4 1.8 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

21 3.1 2.6 151 2.2 2.2 1.3 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

22 3.4 2.6 132 2.3 2.1 0.90 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

23 3.7 2.2 107 2.2 2.0 0.62 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

24 4.1 2.1 185 2.2 2.1 0.34 4.1 0.00 --- --- --- ---

25 4.2 2.1 545 2.4 2.1 0.20 6.6 0.00 --- --- --- ---

26 4.2 2.1 328 2.4 2.1 0.13 2.6 0.00 --- --- --- ---

27 4.2 2.1 182 2.5 2.0 0.08 1.5 0.00 --- --- --- ---

28 4.2 1.9 145 2.6 2.0 0.03 0.82 0.00 --- --- --- ---

29 4.2 --- 116 2.5 1.8 0.00 0.23 0.00 --- --- --- ---

30 4.2 --- 97 2.5 0.93 0.00 0.02 0.00 --- --- --- ---

31 4.4 --- 81 --- 0.00 --- 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

TOTAL 75.55 80.9 2927.8 421.1 66.13 32.60 15.87 48.08 --- --- --- ---

MEAN 2.44 2.89 94.4 14.0 2.13 1.09 0.51 1.55 --- --- --- ---

MAX 4.4 4.3 545 67 3.3 2.3 6.6 30 --- --- --- ---

MIN 0.92 1.9 1.9 2.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

MEDIAN 2.2 2.9 42 5.2 2.2 1.2 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---

ACRE-FT 150 160 5810 835 131 65 31 95 --- --- --- ---

CFSM 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 --- --- --- ---
Summary 25

Table 6. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near Winslow, AZ (09399100), calendar year 2005.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2005—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.7 3.7 3.9

2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.8 3.7 4.0

3 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.7 3.7 3.9

4 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.4 3.8 3.8

5 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.0 3.7 3.8

6 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.7 3.7

7 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.7 3.7

8 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.7 3.8

9 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.7 3.8

10 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.7 3.8

11 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

12 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.7 3.8

13 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

14 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

15 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.8 3.8

16 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

17 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

18 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

19 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.8 3.8

20 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.8 3.8

21 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.8 3.7

22 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.8 3.8

23 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.9 3.9

24 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.9 3.9

25 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.9 3.9

26 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 4.0 4.0

27 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.9 3.9

28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- e4.3 3.8 3.8 3.9

29 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.5 3.8 3.8 3.9

30 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.6 3.8 3.8 3.9

31 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 --- 4.4

TOTAL --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 122.5 113.6 119.4

MEAN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.95 3.79 3.85

MAX --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.8 4.0 4.4

MIN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.8 3.7 3.7

MEDIAN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.9 3.8 3.8

ACRE-FT --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 243 225 237
26 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 7. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near Winslow, AZ (09399100), calendar year 2006.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2006—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 4 3.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.1 4.3 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

2 4 3.4 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.1 4.4 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

3 4 3.3 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.4 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

4 4 3.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.1 4.4 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

5 4 3.3 4.5 5 4.7 4 4.2 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

6 4.5 3.3 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.1 4.4 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

7 4 3.3 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.3 --- --- e4.4 e4.4 4.4

8 4 3.3 4.5 4.8 4.8 4.1 4.3 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

9 4 3.3 4.5 4.8 4.7 4.1 4.4 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

10 4.1 3.3 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.3 e4.3 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

11 4.2 3.3 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.2 e4.2 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

12 4.3 3.3 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.2 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

13 4.4 3.3 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.4 4 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

14 4.6 3.4 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.2 3.9 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

15 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.8 4 3.9 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.4

16 4 4.6 e4.5 4.6 4.8 3.9 4 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.3

17 3.9 4.8 e4.6 4.7 4.8 4 4 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.3

18 3.9 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.9 4 4 --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.3

19 3.7 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.7 4 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.2

20 3.1 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.8 4 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.2

21 2.9 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.7 3.9 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.2

22 3.2 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.9 4 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.2

23 3.3 5 4.5 4.7 4.7 4 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.1

24 3.5 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.1 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.1

25 3.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.1 4.2 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.1

26 3.5 4 4.6 4.6 4.1 4.2 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.1

27 3.5 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.2 4.1 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.1

28 3.4 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.1 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.1

29 3.4 --- 4.9 4.6 4.1 4.1 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.3

30 3.4 --- 4.6 4.6 4.1 4.2 --- --- --- e4.4 4.4 4.3

31 3.4 --- 4.7 --- 4 --- --- --- --- e4.4 --- 4.2

TOTAL 118.3 112.6 141.2 140.3 142.5 123.4 --- --- --- 136.4 132 133.1

MEAN 3.82 4.02 4.55 4.68 4.6 4.11 --- --- --- 4.4 4.4 4.29

MAX 4.6 5 4.9 5 4.9 4.4 --- --- --- 4.4 4.4 4.4

MIN 2.9 3.3 4.3 4.6 4 3.9 --- --- --- 4.4 4.4 4.1

MEDIAN 4 3.7 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.1 --- --- --- 4.4 4.4 4.3

ACRE-FT 235 223 280 278 283 245 --- --- --- 271 262 264
Summary 27

Table 8. Daily mean discharge for Clear Creek below McHood Lake, near Winslow, AZ (09399100), calendar year 2007.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2007—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 4.2 4.4 3.6 e3.6 1.6 0.81 0.49 30 15 --- --- ---

2 4.2 4.3 3.7 e3.6 1.6 0.82 0.49 36 15 --- --- ---

3 4.1 4.2 3.7 e3.6 1.7 0.87 0.5 28 15 --- --- ---

4 4.1 4.2 3.6 e3.6 1.7 0.89 0.5 28 15 --- --- ---

5 4.1 4.2 3.4 e3.6 1.4 0.91 0.5 64 --- --- --- ---

6 4 4.2 3.6 e3.6 1.4 0.95 0.49 66 --- --- --- ---

7 4 4.2 4 e3.6 1.4 0.83 0.49 58 --- --- --- ---

8 4 4.2 4 3.6 1.5 0.86 0.49 76 --- --- --- ---

9 4 4.2 4 3.4 1.5 0.88 0.48 35 --- --- --- ---

10 4 4.2 3.9 3 1.5 0.84 0.48 31 --- --- --- ---

11 4.1 4.2 3.9 2.7 1.5 0.72 0.48 26 --- --- --- ---

12 4.2 4.3 3.8 2.5 1.5 1 0.48 24 --- --- --- ---

13 4.2 4.3 3.8 2.2 1.4 0.91 0.49 23 --- --- --- ---

14 4.3 4.4 3.8 2.1 1.4 0.92 0.49 21 --- --- --- ---

15 4.4 e4.1 3.8 2.2 1.4 0.93 0.49 20 --- --- --- ---

16 4.4 4.1 e3.8 1.8 1.4 0.89 0.49 19 --- --- --- ---

17 4.4 4.2 e3.8 1.8 1.4 0.86 0.49 18 --- --- --- ---

18 4.4 4.1 e3.8 2.1 1.3 0.84 0.49 18 --- --- --- ---

19 4.4 4.2 e3.8 1.5 1.3 0.84 0.5 17 --- --- --- ---

20 4.4 4 e3.8 1.5 1.3 0.84 0.51 17 --- --- --- ---

21 4.4 4 e3.8 1.5 1.3 0.75 0.54 17 --- --- --- ---

22 4.4 4 e3.8 1.5 1.2 0.69 1.3 17 --- --- --- ---

23 4.4 4.1 e3.8 1.6 1.2 0.65 0.54 --- --- --- --- ---

24 4.4 3.9 e3.8 1.5 1.1 0.6 0.93 --- --- --- --- ---

25 4.4 4 e3.8 1.5 1.1 0.57 1.3 --- --- --- --- ---

26 4.4 3.9 e3.8 1.5 1.1 0.54 0.97 --- --- --- --- ---

27 4.4 3.9 e3.8 1.5 1.1 0.53 26 --- --- --- --- ---

28 4.4 3.9 e3.8 1.5 1.1 0.53 12 --- --- --- --- ---

29 4.4 --- e3.7 1.5 1 0.52 47 --- --- --- --- ---

30 4.4 --- e3.7 1.6 1 0.5 43 --- --- --- --- ---

31 4.4 --- e3.7 --- 0.9 --- 15 --- --- --- --- ---

TOTAL 132.3 115.9 117.1 70.8 41.3 23.29 158.4 --- --- --- --- ---

MEAN 4.27 4.14 3.78 2.36 1.33 0.78 5.11 --- --- --- --- ---

MAX 4.4 4.4 4 3.6 1.7 1 47 --- --- --- --- ---

MIN 4 3.9 3.4 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.48 --- --- --- --- ---

MEDIAN 4.4 4.2 3.8 2.1 1.4 0.84 0.5 --- --- --- --- ---

ACRE-FT 262 230 232 140 82 46 314 --- --- --- --- ---
28 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 9. Daily mean discharge for Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000), calendar year 2005.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2005—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 17 3.1 2.5 2.7 4.2

2 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 6.2 19 2.3 2.8 3.2

3 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.1 16 2.2 2.8 3.8

4 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.8 9.2 2 2.9 3.9

5 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.1 2.6 2.3 3.1 3.2

6 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 5.9 1.9 2.5 3 3.2

7 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.2 1.8 2.4 3.2 3.2

8 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 3.7 2.1 3.2 3.2

9 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 2.3 5.7 3.3 3.2

10 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.6 5.2 3.4 3.2

11 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.5 2.4 3.2 3.2

12 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.4 2.2 3.4 3.2

13 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.5 2.2 3.5 3.5

14 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.9 1.6 2.2 3.5 3.5

15 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4.7 1.8 2.2 3.6 3.3

16 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 6.3 1.5 2.4 3.4 2.8

17 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 5.9 1.5 2.7 3.3 2

18 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.2 1.5 4 3.4 2.9

19 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.8 3.4 3.3 3.4

20 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.9 2.7 2.9 3.6

21 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.9 1.8 2.7 2.9 4

22 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.8 2.9 2.9 4

23 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.9 1.7 2.9 2.9 3.3

24 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.6 2.9 3.1 2.2

25 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1.9 2.8 3.1 2.9

26 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.1 2.1 2.9 3 3.1

27 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.1 2.4 2.8 3.3 2.9

28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.1 2.5 2.7 3.9 3

29 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.6 3.1 2.5 2.7 4.2 3.2

30 --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.6 2.9 2.5 2.8 4 e3.1

31 --- --- --- --- --- --- 24 2.9 --- 2.8 --- e3.0

TOTAL --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 122.3 98 86.5 97.2 100.4

MEAN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3.95 3.27 2.79 3.24 3.24

MAX --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 17 19 5.7 4.2 4.2

MIN --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.8 1.4 2 2.7 2

ACRE-FT --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 243 194 172 193 199
Summary 29

Table 10. Daily mean discharge for Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000), calendar year 2006.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2006—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 e3.0 3.6 3.6 4.1 2.8 2.4 2.3 71 2.7 3.1 3.7 4

2 e2.9 3.6 3.6 4.5 2.7 2.3 2.2 8.9 3 3.1 3.9 3.8

3 e2.9 3.6 3.4 4.4 2.5 2.4 2.2 3.9 3.2 3.1 3.6 3.6

4 e2.9 3.6 3.6 4.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.4 4.1

5 2.7 3.6 3.6 3.9 2.4 2.5 2.6 3 3.1 4 3.4 4

6 2.9 3.6 3.4 4.1 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.9 4.6 3.3 4

7 2.7 3.6 3.1 4.1 2.7 2.2 2.5 420 2.9 3.4 3.6 4

8 2.7 3.6 3.1 3.4 2.5 2.3 2.5 42 3.1 3.3 3.5 4

9 2.7 3.6 3.2 3.3 2.5 2.2 2.9 5.3 2.8 3.3 3.3 4

10 2.9 3.6 2.5 3.3 2.7 2.1 2.8 3.5 2.5 3.6 3.2 3.7

11 2.9 3.6 3.2 3.6 3.1 1.9 2.2 3.2 2.4 3.6 3.1 3.9

12 2.9 3.6 3.1 3.9 3 1.6 2.1 3.5 2.4 3.7 3.3 4

13 2.9 3.6 3.2 4.5 2.7 1.6 2.3 3.6 2.4 4 3.4 4

14 3.1 3.6 3.3 4.2 2.7 1.3 2.4 3.9 2.7 4.1 3.3 4

15 2.9 2.6 3.4 4.1 2.7 1.6 2.4 4.9 3.9 4.4 3.6 4.2

16 3.1 3.4 3.2 4.2 2.5 2.2 2.3 36 2.8 4.3 3.6 3.7

17 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.9 2.3 2.2 2.4 29 2.5 3.8 3.6 3

18 3.2 3.6 3.2 3.2 2 2.1 2.6 4.7 2.5 4.4 3.6 3.6

19 3.2 3.7 3.3 3.2 1.9 2 2.4 2.8 2.6 4.2 3.8 4

20 3.5 4.1 3.5 3.2 1.7 1.9 2.5 3 2 4.2 4 3.7

21 3.6 4.4 3.5 2.7 1.8 2 2.4 2.9 2.4 3.7 4 3.7

22 3.5 4.5 3.6 2.6 1.2 2.1 2.2 2.9 2.3 3.3 4 4

23 3.6 4.5 3.6 2.3 1.9 2.2 3.5 2.7 2.9 3.6 4 4

24 3.6 4.5 3.6 2.6 2.2 2.3 16 8.5 3.1 3.7 4.1 4

25 3.7 4.2 3.8 2.7 2.1 2 22 6.4 3.2 3.7 3.9 4

26 3.7 3.6 4.2 2.7 2 2.1 2.7 4 3.1 3.6 3.6 4

27 3.6 3.6 4.4 2.6 1.5 2.2 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.5

28 3.6 3.5 4.2 2.6 1.7 2.4 2.5 2.5 3.2 3.6 3.2 4.2

29 3.6 --- 3.8 2.9 2.2 2.2 13 2.6 3.2 3.6 3.8 4.4

30 3.6 --- 4.4 2.8 2.5 2.3 179 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.6 4

31 3.6 --- 4.2 --- 2.5 --- 92 2.8 --- 3.6 --- 4

TOTAL 98.9 104.1 109.1 103.9 72.1 63.4 386.4 699.6 85.4 114.8 107.7 121.1

MEAN 3.19 3.72 3.52 3.46 2.33 2.11 12.5 22.6 2.85 3.7 3.59 3.91

MAX 3.7 4.5 4.4 4.5 3.1 2.5 179 420 3.9 4.6 4.1 4.4

MIN 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.5 2 3.1 3.1 3

ACRE-FT 196 206 216 206 143 126 766 1,390 169 228 214 240

 Calendar Year 2006 TOTAL 2,066.5 MEAN 5.66 MAX 420 MIN 1.2 AC-FT 4,100
30 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 11. Daily mean discharge for Chevelon Creek near Winslow, AZ (09398000), calendar year 2007.

[e, estimated; CFSM, cubic feet per square mile; dashes indicate no data]

Discharge, in cubic feet per second, calendar year 2007—daily mean values

DAY JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

1 4.1 4 4.1 22 5.3 3.1 2.8 192 4.2 --- --- ---

2 4.1 3.6 14 15 5.3 3.1 2.9 282 258 --- --- ---

3 4.4 3.6 17 11 4.1 3.2 2.9 8.4 277 --- --- ---

4 4.1 3.6 22 11 3.3 3.3 3 85 25 --- --- ---

5 3.9 3.6 20 9.3 4.3 2.8 3 218 --- --- --- ---

6 4 3.6 17 8 5 1.7 2.9 26 --- --- --- ---

7 4 3.6 13 6.5 5 2.9 3 137 --- --- --- ---

8 4 3.6 11 5.4 4.9 3 2.9 75 --- --- --- ---

9 4 3.5 9.7 4.9 4.9 2.9 2.9 136 --- --- --- ---

10 4 3.6 8.9 4.5 4.4 3 2.8 116 --- --- --- ---

11 3.9 3.8 220 4.8 2.7 3.5 2.8 77 --- --- --- ---

12 3.1 3.9 276 4 3.5 3.8 3.2 48 --- --- --- ---

13 3.7 4.7 253 4.9 2.3 3.4 3.1 29 --- --- --- ---

14 4 6.1 225 4.8 2 3.4 3.1 18 --- --- --- ---

15 3.7 5.3 227 3.8 2.2 3.1 2.9 11 --- --- --- ---

16 3.6 4.2 222 4.3 4.4 3 2.9 9.6 --- --- --- ---

17 3.6 4 185 4.6 4.7 2.8 3 7.7 --- --- --- ---

18 3.6 3.8 147 3.2 4.6 2.9 2.9 8.8 --- --- --- ---

19 3.6 3.5 115 4.2 4.6 3 3.1 6.5 --- --- --- ---

20 3.7 3.7 93 4.3 4.5 3.1 3.3 5.5 --- --- --- ---

21 4.2 4 72 4.5 3.9 3 5.3 4.8 --- --- --- ---

22 4.1 3.8 60 4.5 3.8 2.9 92 4.3 --- --- --- ---

23 3.7 3.1 56 3.9 4.3 2.6 34 4 --- --- --- ---

24 3.5 3.7 321 4.8 4.4 2.6 200 4 --- --- --- ---

25 3.5 3.5 501 4.9 4.3 2.7 69 3.9 --- --- --- ---

26 3.6 3.4 254 4.9 4 2.7 33 12 --- --- --- ---

27 3.6 3 143 5 3.9 2.7 10 27 --- --- --- ---

28 3.6 2.8 96 4.9 3.7 2.8 6.3 5.3 --- --- --- ---

29 3.6 --- 68 5.2 2.8 2.7 4.6 4.3 --- --- --- ---

30 3.8 --- 45 4.9 2.9 2.7 63 4.2 --- --- --- ---

31 3.9 --- 30 --- 3.1 --- 63 4.1 --- --- --- ---

TOTAL 118.2 106.6 3,745.70 188 123.1 88.4 639.6 1,574.40 --- --- --- ---

MEAN 3.81 3.81 121 6.27 3.97 2.95 20.6 50.8 --- --- --- ---

MAX 4.4 6.1 501 22 5.3 3.8 200 282 --- --- --- ---

MIN 3.1 2.8 4.1 3.2 2 1.7 2.8 3.9 --- --- --- ---

ACRE-FT 234 211 7,430 373 244 175 1,270 3,120 --- --- --- ---
Summary 31

Table 12. Locations and descriptions of C-aquifer baseflow investigation sites included in this study, northeastern Arizona.

[Latitude and longitude are in degrees, minutes, and seconds and referenced to NAD 83; ft, feet; dashes, information not available; LCR, Little Colorado 

River; ~, about; mi., miles; Cr., Creek]

Station name

River miles 

upstream 

of LCR 

confluence

Station description

U.S. Geological 

Survey 

identificaitons 

number

Latitude Longitude

Land-surface 

altitude 

(ft above 

NAVD29)

Little Colorado River Sites

Chevelon Site 1 --- 1,2,3,4Little Colorado R. ~600 ft 

 below Chevelon Cr. confluence

345706110315300 34°57'06" -110°31'53" 4,885

Chevelon Site 1a --- 1,2,4Little Colorado R. ~1.2 mi. 

 below Chevelon Cr. confluence

345732110323400 34°57'32" -110°32'34" 4,880

Chevelon Site 1b --- 1,2,3,4Little Colorado R. ~2.7 mi. 

 below Chevelon Cr. confluence

345805110331400 34°58'05" -110°33'14" 4,875

Chevelon Site 1c --- 2,3,4Little Colorado R. ~3.5 mi 

 below Chevelon Cr. confluence

345900110335300 34°59'00" -110°33'53" 4,880

Chevelon Site 2 --- 2,3Little Colorado R.. ~400 ft 

 above Chevelon Cr. confluence

345708110311700 34°57'08" -110°31'17" 4,885

Clear Site 1 --- 1,2,3,4Little Colorado R. below Clear Cr. confluence 345913110381800 34°59'13" -110°38'18" 4,856

Clear Site 2 --- 1,2,3,4Little Colorado R. above Clear Cr. confluence 345913110381700 34°59'13" -110°38'17" 4,856

Chevelon Creek Sites

Chevelon Site 3 0.39 1,2,3,4Chevelon Cr. ~0.5 mi. above mouth 345658110311100 34°56'58" -110°31'11" 4,897

Chevelon Site 4 0.86 1,2,3,4Chevelon Cr. ~450 ft downstream of dam 345636110305400 34°56'36" -110°30'54" 4,902

Chevelon Site 5 0.89 1,2,4Chevelon Cr. ~150 ft downstream of dam 345636110305400 34°56'36" -110°30'54" 4,902

Chevelon Site 9 1.76 1,2Chevelon Cr. downstream from gage ~1.5 mi. 345558110305600 34°55'58" -110°30'56" 4,905

Chevelon Site 6 3.42 1,2,4Spring #1 on Chevelon Cr. 345519110314201 34°55'19" -110°31'42" 4,906

Chevelon Site 8 3.66 1

Spring #2 on Chevelon Cr. 345511110313201 34°55'10" -110°31'32" 4,909

Chevelon Site 7 3.67 1,2Chevelon Cr. near Spring #2 345510110313200 34°55'10" -110°31'32" 4,907

Chevelon Site 11 7.60 1,2,4Chevelon Cr. at Rock Art access 345305110303700 34°53'05" -110°30'37" 5,006

Chevelon Site 10 8.03 1,2,4Chevelon Cr. above Bell Cow Canyon 345251110305700 34°52'51" -110°30'57" 5,015

Chevelon Site 12 9.39 2.4Chevelon Cr. half-way between 

 Bell Cow and Babbitt Tank Canyon

345214110315300 34°52'14" -110°31'53" ---

Chevelon Site 13 11.59 1,2Chevelon Cr. above Babbitt Tank Canyon 345026110322300 34°50'26" -110°32'23" ---

Clear Creek Sites

Clear Site 2a 0.00 2,4Clear Cr. ~5 ft above the mouth 345919110382300 34°59'19" -110°38'23" 4,860

Clear Site 9 0.50 4

Clear Cr. at aquaduct pipe 345847110382300 34°58'47" -110°38'23" 4,857

Clear Site 3 1.15 1,2Clear Cr. below springs, below dam 345906110383301 34°58'16" -110°38'28" 4,858

Clear Site 4 1.18 1,2,4Artesian spring on Clear Cr. below dam 345813110382701 34°58'13" -110°38'27" 4,860

Clear Site 6 1.18 1,2Main artesian spring on Clear Cr. below dam 345859110381801 34°58'10" -110°38'18" 4,860

Clear Site 7a 1.19 1,2Diversion below aquaduct on Clear Cr. 345814110382900 34°58'14" -110°38'29" 4,865

Clear Site 5 1.24 1,2,4Spring upstream from main 

 artesian spring on Clear Cr.

345811110383001 34°58'11" -110°38'30" 4,860

Clear Site 7b 1.24 1,2,3,4Spring near diversion canal on Clear Cr. 345812110383101 34°58'12" -110°38'31" 4,870

Clear Site 11 3.95 1,2Clear Cr. ~2 mi. upstream of Hwy 99 345651110394100 34°56'51" -110°39'41" 4,865

Clear Site 12 4.12 1,2Clear Cr. ~2.3 mi. upstream of Hwy 99 345643110394600 34°56'43" -110°39'46" 4,867

Clear Site 13 4.27 1,4Clear Cr. ~2.6 mi. upstream of Hwy 99 345637110394900 34°56'37" -110°39'49" 4,868

Clear Site 14 6.40 2

Clear Cr. ~3.4 mi. upstream of Hwy 99 345606110400300 34°56'06" -110°40'03" 4,885

Clear Site OBS1 6.77 1

Clear Cr. ~2.0 mi below start of perennial flow 345530110411500 34°55'30" -110°41'15" 4,935

Clear Site OBS2 8.74 2

Clear Cr. at start of perennial flow 345502110423000 34°55'02" -110°42'30" 4,975

1

Visited during 2005 baseflow investigation.

2

Visited during 2006 baseflow investigation.

3

Visited during 2008 baseflow investigation.

4

Visited during 2010 baseflow investigation.
32 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 13. Measured field parameters at C-aquifer baseflow investigation sites along Clear Creek, Chevelon Creek, and Little Colorado 

River (LCR), northeastern Arizona. 

[°C, degrees Celsius; μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25°C; mg/L, milligrams per liter; μg/L, micrograms per liter; E, estimated; <, less than; ft3/s, cubic 

feet per second; Dashes indicate no data; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey; LCR, Little Colorado River]

Station name

River miles 

upstream 

of LCR 

confluence

USGS

identification

number

Date of 

samples Time Discharge (ft3

/s)

Temperature, 

water (°C)

Specific 

conductance 

(μS/cm)

pH

(units)

Dissolved 

oxygen 

(mg/L)

Dissolved 

oxygen

(% of 

saturation)

Little Colorado River Sites

Chevelon Site 1 --- 345706110315300 7/6/05 11:50 1.6 27.0 4350 8.9 7.4 113

--- 345706110315300 6/22/06 16:00 1.1 31.5 4820 8.3 7.8 123

--- 345706110315300 6/25/08 12:02 1.5 25.5 4900 8.4 7.1 105

--- 345706110315300 12/1/10 15:00 3.1 6.9 --- --- --- ---

Chevelon Site 1a --- 345732110323400 7/7/05 11:25 1.8 30.9 4500 8.5 6.5 107

--- 345732110323400 6/23/06 8:35 .98 20.3 5020 8.4 8.4 108

--- 345732110323400 12/3/10 11:20 3.4 3.9 3760 7.8 11.0 100

Chevelon Site 1b --- 345805110331400 7/7/05 13:30 E2.2 --- --- --- --- ---

--- 345805110331400 6/23/06 9:45 1.1 23.0 5220 8.5 8.4 114

--- 345805110331400 6/25/08 14:55 1.8 29.4 5130 8.5 6.4 103

--- 345805110331400 12/2/10 12:30 3.8 7.1 4020 8.1 10.8 107

Chevelon Site 1c --- 345900110335300 6/23/06 13:45 .71 33.1 5380 8.6 8.5 137

--- 345900110335300 6/25/08 16:56 .91 29.7 5510 8.5 6.7 106

--- 345900110335300 12/2/10 17:00 3.4 5.1 4030 8.2 9.6 94

Chevelon Site 2 --- 345708110311700 6/22/06 16:05 .00 --- --- --- --- ---

--- 345708110311700 6/25/08 11:05 1.5 25.5 4900 8.4 7.1 105

Clear Site 2 --- 345913110381700 6/30/05 12:20 .06 32.9 7120 8.0 7.4 138

--- 345913110381700 6/28/06 9:30 .00 --- --- --- --- ---

--- 345913110381700 6/26/08 12:00 .00 --- --- --- --- ---

--- 345913110381700 12/2/10 17:20 4.8 7.4 3960 7.4 10.5 105

Clear Site 1 --- 345913110381800 6/30/05 13:05 5.4 17.8 5460 7.7 6.1 84

--- 345913110381800 6/28/06 10:00 4.8 19.7 6110 7.9 7.8 103

--- 345913110381800 6/26/08 12:07 5.5 --- --- --- --- ---

--- 345913110381800 12/2/10 14:25 10.8 13.1 4240 7.7 9.5 107

Chevelon Creek Sites

Chevelon Site 13 11.6 345026110322300 7/6/05 16:00 .00 23.2 115 9.2 7.1 100

11.6 345026110322300 6/23/06 10:40 .45 21.8 1170 7.8 7.1 80

Chevelon Site 12 9.4 345214110315300 6/22/06 15:00 .32 27.3 1220 8.2 7.3 92

9.4 345214110315300 12/2/10 12:30 .37 4.2 982 8.1 10.9 100

Chevelon Site 10 8.0 345251110305700 7/7/05 11:58 .53 24.7 820 7.7 --- 93

8.0 345251110305700 6/22/06 10:30 .44 23.7 1080 7.6 5.9 70

8.0 345251110305700 12/1/10 13:45 .43 2.8 920 8.2 9.7 85

Chevelon Site 11 7.6 345305110303700 7/7/05 12:45 .36 25.6 752 7.9 8.2 121

7.6 345305110303700 6/22/06 10:00 .29 28.5 938 7.9 6.1 81

7.6 345305110303700 12/1/10 --- .53 2.8 925 8.3 11.3 97

Chevelon Site 7 3.7 345510110313200 7/6/05 12:45 --- 22.6 3240 7.5 3.8 54

3.7 345510110313200 6/23/06 11:45 --- 22.4 3470 7.8 5.2 73

Chevelon Site 8 3.7 345511110313201 7/6/05 12:30 .00 22.0 4700 7.7 7.0 96

Chevelon Site 6 3.4 345519110314201 7/6/05 13:20 .11 17.0 4800 7.6 3.0 38

3.4 345519110314201 6/23/06 10:55 --- 17.0 4660 7.1 1.6 20

3.4 345519110314201 12/1/10 13:45 .13 17.1 4680 7.9 4.0 51

Chevelon Site 9 1.8 345558110305600 7/6/05 16:20 --- 25.0 3140 7.7 7.4 109

1.8 345558110305600 6/23/06 10:00 --- 24.5 3800 8.2 7.7 111
Summary 33

Table 13. Measured field parameters at C-aquifer baseflow investigation sites along Clear Creek, Chevelon Creek, and Little Colorado 

River (LCR), northeastern Arizona.—Continued.

Station name

River miles 

upstream 

of LCR 

confluence

USGS

identification

number

Date of 

samples Time Discharge (ft3

/s)

Temperature, 

water (°C)

Specific 

conductance 

(μS/cm)

pH

(units)

Dissolved 

oxygen 

(mg/L)

Dissolved 

oxygen

(% of 

saturation

Chevelon Site 5 0.9 345636110305400 7/6/05 16:03 2.2 26.2 3610 8.7 7.3 110

0.9 345636110305400 6/22/06 9:45 2.2 23.4 4000 8.4 7.4 86

0.9 345636110305400 12/1/10 11:02 2.9 4.9 3520 7.8 10.2 96

Chevelon Site 4 0.9 345638110305300 7/6/05 15:45 2.8 26.4 3610 8.6 7.3 111

0.9 345638110305300 6/22/06 12:30 1.6 23.6 4010 8.9 7.4 100

0.9 345638110305300 6/25/08 9:45 1.9 23.8 3960 8.4 5.9 84

0.9 345638110305300 12/1/10 12:00 --- 4.4 3520 8.6 10.1 94

Chevelon Site 3 0.4 345658110311100 7/6/05 13:30 .07 29.5 3880 8.9 9.1 145

0.4 345658110311100 6/22/06 14:30 1.2 26.3 4680 8.4 8.9 129

0.4 345658110311100 6/24/08 12:55 .05 26.1 4480 8.3 6.5 97

0.4 345658110311100 12/1/10 13:44 3.0 4.9 --- --- --- ---

Clear Creek Sites

Clear Site OBS2 8.7 345502110423000 6/28/06 --- E.00 --- --- --- --- ---

Clear Site OBS1 6.8 345530110411500 7/1/05 --- E.5 --- 1210 8.0 9.3 132

Clear Site 14 6.40 345606110400300 6/28/06 13:55 2.3 23.3 1980 8.1 8.6 119

Clear Site 13 4.3 345637110394900 6/30/05 16:40 2.5 20.3 1210 8.0 9.3 124

4.3 345637110394900 12/2/10 11:30 2.3 4.0 2030 8.4 11.2 102

Clear Site 12 4.1 345643110394600 6/30/05 17:05 .07 20.5 1960 7.9 9.5 127

4.1 345643110394600 6/28/06 16:00 2.2 23.2 1990 8.2 8.7 121

Clear Site 11 4.0 345651110394100 6/30/05 13:30 3.2 22.3 5980 7.5 5.8 88

4.0 345651110394100 6/28/06 17:10 2.9 22.6 2000 8.4 8.5 117

Clear Site 5 1.2 345811110383001 6/30/05 16:25 .10 16.8 5980 7.2 1.5 21

1.2 345811110383001 6/28/06 13:50 .08 17.0 6240 7.4 1.5 18

1.2 345811110383001 12/2/10 11:40 .17 17.6 5950 7.3 1.4 18

Clear Site 7b 1.2 345812110383101 6/30/05 18:30 .00 21.3 3660 9.2 5.3 78

1.2 345812110383101 6/30/05 15:40 .00 --- --- --- --- ---

1.2 345812110383101 6/26/08 --- .00 --- --- --- --- ---

1.2 345812110383101 12/2/10 12:30 .03 12.9 9840 7.0 --- ---

Clear Site 4 1.2 345813110382701 6/30/05 16:00 .00 17.1 6490 7.3 2.0 27

1.2 345813110382701 6/28/06 14:00 .05 16.9 6220 7.4 1.4 17

1.2 345813110382701 12/2/10 --- --- 17.2 5780 7.4 1.9 24

Clear Site 6 1.2 345859110381801 6/30/05 16:45 --- 16.7 6250 7.2 2.8 38

1.2 345859110381801 6/28/06 14:20 --- 16.8 6390 7.4 1.8 22

Clear Site 7a 1.2 345814110382900 6/30/05 19:00 .31 18.9 1190 7.3 3.6 50

1.2 345814110382900 6/28/06 15:40 .03 25.6 2600 8.8 7.1 100

Clear Site 3 1.2 345906110383301 6/30/05 14:40 5.4 18.3 6300 7.3 4.4 62

1.2 345906110383301 6/28/06 13:00 4.2 18.8 6180 7.6 4.4 57

Clear Site 9 0.5 345847110382300 12/2/10 11:20 2.7 --- --- --- --- ---

Clear Site 2a 0.0 345919110382300 6/28/06 9:00 3.3 17.6 6070 7.9 7.1 89

0.0 345919110382300 12/2/10 14:00 6.1 15.4 4260 7.4 8.9 105
34 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

Table 14. Physical and chemical analyses of water samples from selected C-aquifer wells, Little Colorado River basin, northeastern 

Arizona.

[°C, degrees Celsius; μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25°C; mg/L, milligrams per liter; μg/L, micrograms per liter; E, estimated; M, presence verified but not 

quantified; <, less than. Dashes indicate no data; USGS, U.S. Geological Survey]

Common

well name

USGS

identification 

number

Date of 

samples Time

Temperature,

field (°C)

Specific 

conductance1

, 

field (μS/cm)

pH2

,

field

(units)

Dissolved, in mg/L

Alkalinity3

, 

field

(CaCO3

)

Nitrogen

NO2

+NO3

(N)

OrthoPhosphate

(P)

Calcium

(Ca)

Magnesium 

(Mg)

Potassium

(K)

TEP M-6 342024109220301 8/7/85 15:00 18.0 1150 6.9 229 <.100 <.01 94.0 26.0 19.0

342024109220301 8/7/85 16:00 18.0 1150 6.9 229 <.100 3.60 89.0 27.0 11.0

Winslow 

T-Well

345603110450301 8/4/69 --- 17.5 4380 7.9 244 --- --- 44.3 24.2 4.69

345603110450301 8/5/69 --- 17.5 4740 8.2 266 --- --- 41.1 25.4 6.26

345603110450301 8/6/69 --- 17.5 4420 7.8 233 --- --- 54.0 31.1 4.70

345603110450301 8/7/69 --- 17.5 2880 7.8 236 --- --- 50.1 22.0 3.91

345603110450301 8/8/69 --- 17.5 3020 7.7 192 --- --- 120 20.4 5.90

Winslow

I-40 Well

350002110355501 6/16/72 --- 17.0 5870 7.5 220 .010 .030 150 64.0 7.50

Tucker Mesa 350446110502501 8/22/06 10:40 --- 2810 7.6 199 .38 .008 75.5 35.6 1.99

Sunshine 

Well

350706111014701 11/20/33 --- --- --- --- 185 --- --- 108 50.0 ---

350706111014701 3/3/53 --- --- 859 --- 170 --- --- 98.0 47.0 ---

350706111014701 10/12/78 --- 20.0 850 7.6 160 .010 --- 89.0 41.0 1.70

350706111014701 2/28/05 10:30 16.8 860 7.5 178 --- <.006 107 45.5 1.74

350706111014701 2/28/05 12:45 17.0 856 7.5 170 --- <.006 106 44.9 1.68

Lake Mary 1 350716111354401 3/11/63 --- 18.0 411 7.5 210 --- --- 44.0 25.0 2.00

PW-3 350957110562601 2/9/05 20:30 16.0 1230 8.3 178 .251 <.006 88.6 43.5 5.15

350957110562601 2/24/05 12:45 18.4 1160 7.9 192 .201 <.006 102 52.8 2.23

350957110562601 2/24/05 17:30 16.4 1160 7.8 182 .199 <.006 104 53.5 2.47

350957110562601 3/23/05 13:00 --- 1140 7.8 --- --- <.02 106 55.0 2.18

OW-1 351022111061801 2/21/05 23:30 17.8 1180 8.1 161 .438 <.006 122 56.7 2.21

351022111061801 2/25/05 12:00 18.2 1180 7.6 153 .324 <.006 125 59.2 2.50

351022111061801 2/25/05 15:30 18.0 1190 7.6 155 .318 <.006 127 59.5 2.40

PW-1A 351023111062002 2/13/05 19:00 17.6 1170 8.0 159 .444 <.006 110 51.6 2.13

351023111062002 2/19/05 12:30 18.7 1160 7.8 142 .438 <.006 124 57.8 2.27

351023111062002 2/19/05 17:00 18.2 1170 7.6 145 .442 <.006 124 58.1 2.16

351023111062002 3/15/05 13:00 --- 1120 7.7 --- --- <.02 127 59.2 2.21

NPS Walnut 

Canyon

351025111303701 8/19/70 --- 15.5 380 8.0 203 --- --- 42.0 26.0 .80

351025111303701 7/26/95 12:30 12.0 400 7.8 195 1.40 <.01 43.0 24.0 1.00

351025111303701 6/11/96 15:10 14.6 409 7.5 200 1.60 .01 45.0 22.0 .90

351025111303701 9/20/01 12:20 14.0 399 7.7 203 1.43 <.02 43.4 24.7 .97

PW-2B 351213111022101 4/12/05 19:10 16.2 837 7.8 184 .252 <.006 91.9 42.0 1.87

351213111022101 4/20/05 15:30 17.5 849 7.3 163 .250 <.006 97.0 41.3 1.97

351213111022101 4/20/05 20:25 16.8 850 7.2 160 .248 <.006 99.6 41.9 1.98

351213111022101 5/9/05 10:00 --- 802 7.5 --- --- <.02 98.7 45.0 1.81

OW-2B 351214111022101 4/22/05 12:15 18.1 841 7.4 165 .246 <.04 98.3 42.6 1.81

351214111022101 4/22/05 15:30 17.5 842 7.4 165 .244 <.04 100 43.5 1.82

NPS Sunset 

Crater

352214111324601 5/5/65 --- 15.5 945 6.9 528 --- --- 148 35.0 2.20

NPS Citadel 353410111284001 1/25/67 --- 20.0 1050 7.4 371 --- --- 100 48.0 ---
Summary 35

Table 14. Physical and chemical analyses of water samples from selected C-aquifer wells, Little Colorado River basin, northeastern 

Arizona.—Continued.

Common

well name

USGS

identification 

number

Date of 

samples Time

Dissolved, in mg/L Dissolved, in μg/L Dissolved 

solids

residue

at 180°C

(mg/L)

Sodium

(Na)

Chloride

(Cl)

Flouride

(F)

Silica

(SiO2

)

Sulfate 

(SO4)

Arsenic

(As)

Boron

(B)

Iron

(Fe)

TEP M-6 342024109220301 8/7/85 15:00 110 170 2.80 5.90 120 --- 210 3000 688

342024109220301 8/7/85 16:00 110 170 2.80 5.70 120 --- 220 2900 687

Winslow

T-Well

345603110450301 8/4/69 --- 843 1140 .38 8.00 229 --- 120 --- 3.31

345603110450301 8/5/69 --- 947 1210 .38 10.0 295 --- 130 --- 3.66

345603110450301 8/6/69 --- 855 1150 .40 10.0 280 --- 210 --- 3.42

345603110450301 8/7/69 --- 536 546 .40 12.0 368 --- 90 --- 2.28

345603110450301 8/8/69 --- 513 479 .60 14.0 617 --- 20 --- 2.63

Winslow

I-40 Well

350002110355501 6/16/72 --- 1000 1500 .20 10.0 52.0 --- --- 10 3380

Tucker Mesa 350446110502501 8/22/06 10:40 428 698 .19 9.81 145 1.2 82 <18 1520

Sunshine 

Well

350706111014701 11/20/33 --- --- 26.0 .00 --- --- --- --- --- ---

350706111014701 3/3/53 --- --- 22.0 .30 7.60 269 --- --- --- ---

350706111014701 10/12/78 --- 25.0 23.0 .20 10.0 240 --- 90 <10 529

350706111014701 2/28/05 10:30 26.1 21.7 .23 13.1 265 .5 78 280 587

350706111014701 2/28/05 12:45 26.1 21.6 .22 13.0 265 .5 79 214 E582

Lake Mary 1 350716111354401 3/11/63 --- 6.00 8.0 .40 13.0 6.0 --- --- --- 231

PW-3 350957110562601 2/9/05 20:30 115 125 .32 15.0 267 1.3 87 434 767

350957110562601 2/24/05 12:45 75.3 123 .25 13.3 250 .4 87 176 E734

350957110562601 2/24/05 17:30 77.4 123 .26 13.6 251 .5 86 268 734

350957110562601 3/23/05 13:00 72.9 121 .25 13.5 247 <2 84 92 ---

OW-1 351022111061801 2/21/05 23:30 56.6 64.9 .21 12.6 385 .2 91 80 797

351022111061801 2/25/05 12:00 59.1 65.4 .22 13.1 386 .5 102 794 803

351022111061801 2/25/05 15:30 59.1 65.4 .23 13.6 386 .6 102 287 808

PW-1A 351023111062002 2/13/05 19:00 54.9 65.2 .20 14.1 385 .2 85 <6 E779

351023111062002 2/19/05 12:30 58.4 66.1 .24 14.0 384 .3 93 572 E793

351023111062002 2/19/05 17:00 57.9 62.7 .22 14.1 383 .4 94 357 E789

351023111062002 3/15/05 13:00 57.4 64.6 .21 14.6 379 <2 93 65 ---

NPS Walnut 

Canyon

351025111303701 8/19/70 --- 40.0 5.0 .10 11.0 3.0 --- --- .0 214

351025111303701 7/26/95 12:30 3.90 4.00 <.10 10.0 1.90 --- <10 <3 211

351025111303701 6/11/96 15:10 4.70 5.80 .10 11.0 2.80 <1 9.7 3 220

351025111303701 9/20/01 12:20 4.42 5.44 E.11 10.5 2.16 .4 E8.4 <10 E220

PW-2B 351213111022101 4/12/05 19:10 27.3 21.0 .30 13.6 257 E.2 83 E5 E565

351213111022101 4/20/05 15:30 27.8 20.8 .26 14.1 257 .7 93 50 558

351213111022101 4/20/05 20:25 27.7 20.8 .26 14.2 257 .6 91 34 560

351213111022101 5/9/05 10:00 26.2 20.6 .23 13.6 254 <2 81 51 ---

OW-2B 351214111022101 4/22/05 12:15 27.6 21.6 .24 13.3 255 E.2 82 512 E561

351214111022101 4/22/05 15:30 27.5 21.7 .26 13.3 255 .2 84 391 E563

NPS Sunset 

Crater

352214111324601 5/5/65 --- 19.0 5.0 .40 36.0 3.2 --- 20 20 566

NPS Citadel 353410111284001 1/25/67 --- --- 90.0 .50 16.0 83.0 --- --- --- 622 1

Lab values for specific conductance were reported where field values were missing.

2

Lab values for pH were reported where field values were missing.

3

Acid neutralization capacity (ANC) is assumed to be equivalent to, and is reported as alkalinity for samples not analyzed for alkalinity.
36 Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program

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Prepared in the Menlo Park Publishing Service Center

Manuscrip approved for publication, August 30, 2012

Edited by John Buursma

Layout and design by Jeanne S. DiLeo
Brown and Macy—Groundwater, Surface-Water, and Water-Chemistry Data from the C-Aquifer Monitoring Program, Northeastern Arizona, 2005–11—Open-File Report 2012–1196