# Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk Assessment for Proposed

Foliar and Seed Treatment Use s of the Fungicide

Fluxapyroxad (BAS 700F)

Fluxapyroxad

CAS 907204

- 31

- 3 PC Code 138009



### 16 May 2013

Prepared b y

Catherine Aubee

, Biologist

Chuck Peck, Environmental Fate Scientist U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Office of Pesticide Programs

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED)

Environmental Risk Branch IV

1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW

Mail Code 7507P

Washington, DC 20460 

### Reviewed by

Thomas Steeger, Ph.D., Senior Science Advisor

Jim Carleton

, Ph.D., Senior Fate Scien tist

Marietta Echeverria , Branch Chief- Page 2 of 139

- 

# Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 5

2. Problem Formulation

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 7

2.1. Nature of Chemical Stressor

................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 7

2.2. Stressor Source and Distribution

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 7

2.3. Receptors

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 8

2.4. Assessment Endpoints

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 8

2.5. Con ceptual Model

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9

2.5.1. Risk Hypothesis

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 9

2.5.2. Conceptual Diagram

................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 9

2.6. Analysis Plan

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 12

2.6.1. Conclus ions from Previous Risk Assessments

................................ ................................ .............. 12

2.6.2. Identification of Data Gaps and Uncertainties

................................ ................................ ............. 12

2.6.3. Measures of Exposure

................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 13

2.6. 4. Measures of Effect

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 14

2.6.5. Integration of Exposure and Effects

................................ ................................ .............................. 14

3. Analysis

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 15

3.1. Use Characteriz ation

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 15

3.2. Exposure Characterization

................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 16

3.2.1. Environmental Fate and Transport

................................ ................................ ............................... 16

3.2.2. Aquatic Exposure

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 19

3.2.3. T errestrial Exposure

................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 23

3.3. Ecological Effects Characterization

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 28

3.3.1. Ecotoxicity Data

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 28

3.3.1. I ncident Reports

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 41

4. Risk Characterization

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 41

4.1. Risk Estimation

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 41

4.1.1. Aquat ic Organisms

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 41

4.1.2. Terrestrial Organisms

................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 50

4.2. Risk Description and Conclusions

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 54

4.2.1. Aquatic Organisms

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 54

4.2.2. Terrestrial Organisms

................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 57

4.2.3. Conclusions

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 61

5. Federally Threatened and Endangered (Listed) Species of Concern

................................ .......................... 63

5.1. Action Area

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 64

5.2. Taxonomic Groups Potent ially at Risk

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 64

5.2.1. Probit Dose

- Response Analysis

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 66

5.2.2. Listed Species Occurrence with Proposed New Use of Fluxapyroxad

................................ ........ 67

6. Additional Description of Assumptions, Limitations, Uncertainties, Strengths and Data Gaps

............... 72

7. References

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 74

Figure 2

- 1. Conceptual model for potential fluxapyroxad foliar treatment effects on aquatic organisms.

....... 10

Figure 2

- 2. Conceptual model for potential fluxapyroxad foliar treatment effects on terrestrial organisms.

.. 10

Figure 2

- 3. Conceptual model for potential fluxapyroxad seed treatment effects on aquatic organisms.

......... 11

Figure 2

- 4. Conceptual model for potential fluxapyroxad seed treatment effects on terrestrial organisms.

.... 11

Figure 4

- 1. Turf peak EECs from spray drift only analysis.

................................ ................................ ................ 56

Figure 4

- 2. Sugarcane p eak EECs from spray drift only analyses.

................................ ................................ ...... 57

Table 1.1. Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.

............ 6

Table 3.1. Fluxapyroxad application rates and retreatment intervals for proposed uses.

................................ .. 15

Table 3.2. Chemical properties and environmental fate parameters of fluxapyroxad.

................................ ....... 17- Page 3 of 139

- Table 3.3. Input parameters used in surface water exposure modeling (GENEEC and PRZM/EXAMS).

....... 19

Table 3.4. Application scenarios and start dates for PRZM/EXAMS modeling.

................................ ................. 20

Table 3.5. Surface water EECs of fluxapyroxad (GENEEC, Tier I Rice model, and PRZM/EXAMS).

........... 22

Table 3.6. EECs from spray drift only following fluxpyroxad applications (PRZM/EXAMS).

......................... 23

Table 3.7. Terrestrial EECs as food re sidues for animals exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed

foliar uses.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 25

Table 3.8. Terrestrial dose

- based EECs for the range of seed treatment uses proposed for fluxapyroxad.

...... 26

Table 3.9. EECs for non

- target terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants b ased on proposed uses of fluxapyroxad

(TerrPlant).

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 27

Table 3.10. Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterizat ion for fish and aquatic

invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water column.

................................ ................................ ................ 30

Table 3.11. Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for fish and aquatic

invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water column.

................................ ................................ ................ 32

Table 3. 12 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for invertebrates exposed to

fluxapyroxad in the sediment compartment.

................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 32

Table 3.13 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for aquatic plants exposed to

fluxapyroxad in the water column.

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 33

Table 3.14 Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial animals

exposed to fluxapyroxad.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 35

Table 3.15 Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial animals

exposed to fluxapyroxad.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 38

Table 3.16 Additional non

- guideline toxicity data for hazard characterization of beneficial insects exposed to

fluxapyroxad.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 38

Table 3.17 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial and semi

- aquatic

plants exposed to fluxapyroxad.

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 39

Table 4.1. Acute and chronic RQ values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI

in surface water.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 43

Table 4.2. Acute RQ values for estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in

surface water.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 44

Table 4.3. RQ values for sediment

- dwelling invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI.

.............................. 45

Table 4.4. RQ values for listed and nonlisted species of aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in

surface water.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 45

Table 4.5. Acute RQ values for freshwater fish exposed to BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] and BAS 700 04 F

[Sercadis] in surface water as a result of spray drift only, based on maximum application rates for all

fluxapyroxad uses.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 46

Table 4.6. Refined acute RQ values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to BAS 703 01 F [Merivon]

and BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] in surface water as a res ult of spray drift only, based on proposed uses for each

formulation.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 47

Table 4.7. RQ values for nonvascular aquatic plants expos ed to BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] in surface water

from spray drift only, based on maximum application rates for all proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.

................ 49

Table 4.8. Acute dietary

- based RQ values for birds exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar

uses.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 50

Table 4.9. Chronic dietary and dose

- based RQ values for mammals exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the

proposed foliar uses.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 51

Table 4.10. Chronic dietary RQ values for mammals exposed to fluxapyroxad following the proposed seed

treatment uses.

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 52

Table 4.11. RQ values for listed species 1 of non

- target terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants based on proposed

uses of fluxapyroxad (TerrPlant).

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 53

Table 4.12. Comparison of aquatic ecotoxicity endpoints for BAS 703 01 F [Merivon ® ] and BAS 703 02 F

[Priaxor ® ] with existing pyraclostrobin en dpoints.

................................ ................................ ................................ 55

Table 4.13. Characterization of potential risk to terrestrial birds and mammals from consumption of treated

seeds, assum ing that the limit dose tested in effects studies is the definitive toxicity endpoint.

.......................... 59

Table 5.1 Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.

........... 65

Table 5.2. Summary of fluxapyroxad probit dose response analysis for listed species.

................................ ...... 67

Table 5.3. Tabulation by state and taxonomic group of listed species at potential risk of direct or secondary

effects of proposed fluxapyroxad uses.

................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 69- Page 4 of 139

- Appendix A. Current and Proposed New Uses, Fluxapyroxad

................................ ................................ ............ 78

Appendix B. GENEEC Results

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 82

Appendix C. Example T

- REX (v. 1.5.1) input and output data

................................ ................................ ............ 88

Appendix D. Example TerrPlant (v. 1.2.2) input and output data

................................ ................................ ....... 91

Appendix E. LOCATES (v. 2.2.5) output of listed species

................................ ................................ .................... 92- Page 5 of 139

- 

## 1. Executive Summary

Fluxapyroxad, a second generation pyridine carboxamide fungicide, is an active ingredient

currently registered for a number of pesticide products (see Appendix A ) used as both a foliar

and seed treatment on a range of agricultural crops

. Fluxapyroxad has a moderate potential to

reach aquatic environments for several months or more following foliar applicat ions and seed

treatments . The available fate data indicate that fluxapyroxad is likely to dissipate to some

extent through vario us mechanisms, including runoff and erosion . Because fluxapyroxad

degrades slowly in s oil and aquatic systems ( e.g. , half

- lives greater than 1 year) , the compound

may persist in soil, in water, and in benthic sediment, once transported or partitioned to these

environmental compartments. Fluxapyroxad is stable to some plant metabolism proces ses and

has demonstrated at least limited systemic activity, based on plant residue studies submitted by

the registrant.

Fluxapyroxad is moderately to very highly toxic to fish and moderately toxic to aquatic

invertebrates, but is practically non

- toxic to mammals, birds, and young adult honey bee s

following acute exposure. Chronic effects on reproduction and especially growth have been

observed in both terrestrial and aquatic organisms exposed to fluxapyroxad , and toxic effects

have been noted in aquatic and terrestrial plants. Ecotoxicity data gaps exist with respect to

potential chronic effects on estuarine/marine organisms

. The available avian toxicity data

suggest that light conditions may influence the relative sensitivity of some bird species to

fluxapyroxad , as does

- response mortality was observed in studies with the bobwhite quail at

normal light conditions (139

– 299 lux), but not lower light conditions (12

– 21 lux)

. Finally,

t wo of the current for mulated products (Merivon ® 

### [Reg. No. 7969

- 310] and Priaxor ® 

### [Reg. No.

7969

- 311]) proposed for new uses and two of the new use products (Lexicon [BAS 7969

- GLN]

and Xemium 703 [Reg. No. 7969

- GLE]) proposed for registration are co

- formulated with the

fungicid e pyraclostrobin and are similar in that respect to the registered fungicide product,

Pristine  

### (25.2% boscalid and 12.8% pyraclostrobin). The registrant has conduct ed additional

honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) larval toxicity tests with the fungicides boscalid and pyraclostrobin to

address concerns that Pristine  

### may affect honey bee larval/pupal ( brood ) and queen cell

development and these studies have not demonstrated any significant effect on queen

development (DP Barcode 408124 )

. A recently submitt ed semi

- field study (bee brood tunnel

test) was also conducted usin g the product Merivon ® 

### [Reg. No. 7969

- 310]

. While a slight

transient effect which was not statistically significant was noted on foraging activity of adult

bees

, no significant effects on b ee brood development or viability were reported

.

Based on estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) and the available ecotoxicity data, the

proposed use s of fluxapyroxad may result in chronic risk to mammals , including mammals that

consume treated s eed. Exposure and risk to mammals from consumption of treated seeds may be

reduced if seeds are incorporated at plant. Chronic risk to birds (and by extension to reptiles, and

terrestrial

- phase amphibians for which birds serve as surrogates) cannot be precluded because a

statistically significant effect on growth

, abeit slight, w as observed at all treatment levels in an

avian reproduction study

. R isk quotient ( RQ ) values for foliar applications , estimated using the

nondefintive endpoint (100 mg a.i./kg diet), exceed the chronic risk level of concern ( LOC ) for

application s to berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables, leafy vegetables (except Brassica),

strawberries, and grapes ( Botrytis disease) for short grass

. RQs exceed the chronic risk L OC for- Page 6 of 139

- 

### all seed treatment uses. A dditional avian reproduction data have not be e n requested because the

effect was not dose

- responsive (100

– 1000 mg/kg diet), and it wa s unlikely that an additional

study would establish a no observed adverse effects conce ntration (NOAEC) that would allow

risk to be preclude d at the screening level (NOAEC ≥ 8 0 mg a.i. /kg diet) for the proposed uses

.

Based on estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) and the available ecotoxicity data, t he

likelihood of acute mortality to mammals, birds, reptiles and terrestrial

- phase amphibians is

considered low

.

Fluxapyroxad exposure at the labeled treatment rates may also result in risk to federally

- listed

threatened and endangered (hereafter referred to as “listed”) species of dicotyl edonous (dicot)

terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants. Risk to listed dicot plants exceeds the Agency’s LOC for all

foliar uses and for proposed seed treatment application rate s above 0.05 lbs a.i. /A ( e.g. , bulb

vegetables, leafy vegetables, and rice)

. For seed treatment uses, seed incorporation may reduce

the likelihood of runoff and therefore reduce the potential for exposure and risk to listed dicot

plants. The potential for adverse effects on monocotyledonous (monocot) plants and on

nonlisted dicot pla nts is considered low.

Despite the absence of chronic ecotoxicity data for estuarine/marine organisms

, a comparison of

the available aquatic toxicity data with the relatively low EECs of fluxapyroxad in surface water

demonstrate s a low likelihood that the proposed use s will result in chronic risk to aquatic

organisms. Similarly, the fluxapyroxad technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) does not pos e

an acute risk to either freshwater or estuarine/marine fish or aquatic invertebrates. However,

potential spray drift of fluxapyroxad co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin does result in a risk of

acute mortality to fish and aquatic invertebrates . The increased toxicity of (and therefore risk

from) the coformu l ated active ingredients for these taxa, whe n compared to fluxapyroxad TGAI

and single a.i. formulations

, is consistent with the toxicity profile for pyraclostrobin

, which is

evaluated in a separate risk assessment. The likelihood of adverse effects to aquatic sediment

dwelling (benthic) invertebra tes and aquatic plants is considered low

, as RQ values do not

approach or exceed the Agency’s LOC.

The proposed uses of fluxapyroxad co

- occur with 2,231 unique listed species. The potential for

direct and indirect effects to listed species as a result of the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad is

summarized in Table 1.1

. Although the total number ( 2,231 ) of co

- occurring listed species

includes both aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, t his screening

- level assessment does not

evaluate risk to terrestrial invertebrates.

Table 1

. 1 . Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.

Listed Taxon Direct Effects Indirect Effects from Risk to Other Taxa

Ye s/No Acute/Chronic Yes/No Through ...

Terrestrial and semi

aquatic plants

–

monocots and dicots Yes

(dicots

only) NA Yes Chronic effects on birds, terrestrial

- phase

amphibians, and mammals, when required

for pollination or seed dispersal.

Birds Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as

prey; chronic effects on reptiles and

amphibians that serve as prey.- Page 7 of 139

- Listed Taxon Direct Effects Indirect Effects from Risk to Other Taxa

Ye s/No Acute/Chronic Yes/No Through ...

Terrestrial

- phase

amphibians Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals which provide

habitat ( e.g. , burrows) and serve as prey.

Reptiles Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as

prey; chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and

amphibians that serve as prey.

Mammals Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and

amphibians that serve as prey; chronic

effects on mammals that serve as prey.

Aquatic plants No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

serve as primary producers.

Freshwater fish Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Aquatic

- phase

amphibians Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Chronic effects on terrestrial

- phase

amphibians; effects on semi

- aquatic dicot

plants that provide habitat and serve as

primary producers.

Freshwater invertebrates Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Molluscs No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Marine/estuarine fish Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Marine/estuarine

invertebrates Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

EP End

- use product. NA Not applicable.



## 2. Problem Formulation

2.1. Nature of Chemical Stressor

Fluxapyroxad ( 3

- (difluoromethyl)

- 1

- methyl

- N

- (3',4',5'

- trifluoro[1,1'

- biphenyl]

- 2

- yl)

- 1H

- pyra

zole

- 4

- carboxamide) was registered for use as as a fungicide in 2012 . The chemical’s mode of

action in fungi is the inhibition of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, also known as complex

II, in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (MRID 47923771)

.

2.2. Stressor Source and Distribution

Fluxapy roxad is a n emulsifiable (EC) or suspension concentrate (SC) fungicide associated with

six currently registered and three proposed end

- use products ( see Appendix A )

. Fluxapyroxad

is being proposed for use on berries and small fruits, leafy vegetables, bulb vegetables, cucurbits,- Page 8 of 139

- 

### grapes, rice, root vegetables, sorghum and millet, strawberries, sugarcane, and tree nuts. It is

also being proposed for use on residential a nd commercial turf, golf course s , and sod farms.

The chemical is being proposed as a seed treatment for use on bulb vegetable, b rassica, cucurbit,

leafy vegetable, rapeseed, rice, and root vegetable seeds. For the current and proposed seed

treatment pr oducts ( Xemium ® 

### 2.78 [Reg No. 7969

- 307], Xemium ® 

### 2.72 [Reg No. 7969

- 308],

and Xemium ® 

### 703 [Reg. No. 7969

- GLE] )

, fluxapyroxad will be applied to seeds as a water

based slurry or mist. The seed treatment label s do not indicate how treated seeds will be pl an ted

or applied to the field. The proposed f oliar application labels indicate that the best coverage of

crops w ould be accomplished by ground application; however, aerial application and

applications through sprinkler irrigation equipment are also proposed

.

Two of the current products (Merivon ® 

### [Reg. No. 7969

- 310] and Priaxor ® 

### [Reg. No. 7969

- 311])

and two of the new use products (Lexicon ® 

### [BAS 7969

- GLN] and Xemium ® 

### 703 [Reg. No.

7969

- GLE]) also contain the active ingredient pyraclostrobin, which is being proposed at

application rates equivalent to or higher than those of fluxapyroxad. T his evaluation is limited to

the exposure associated with fluxapyroxad specifically and not pyraclostrobin ; however, risk

based on exposure to the formulated product(s) is assessed, where data are sufficient to permit

analysis, based on the content of fluxpyroxad in the relevant formulations

. One major degradate

was identified in the aerobic and anaerobic metabolism studies, M700F001 [ 3

- (difluoro

- methyl)

-

1

- methyl

- 1H

- pyrazo le

- 4

- carboxylic acid ]. B ased on discussions with the Health Effects

Division’s Residues of Concern Knowledgebase Subcommittee (ROCKS), only the parent

compound is considered a residue of concern (D390225, 7/14/2011). The ecological risk

assessment only e valuates exposure and risk to the parent compound, fluxapyroxad , as exposure

to the parent below the levels of concern should be protective of any exposure to the degradates.

2.3. Receptors

The receptor is the biological entity that is exposed to the stressor ( US EPA 1998). For this

assessment, the re ceptor includes aquatic animals and terrestrial animals inhabiting fields where

fluxapyroxad foliar applications occur or treated seeds are planted

, and non

- target areas to where

fluxapyroxad is transported (via s pray drift and runoff). Consistent with the process described in

the Overview Document (USEPA 2004 a ), the risk assessment uses a surrogate species approach

in its evaluation of fluxapyroxad . Toxicological data generated from surrogate test species,

which are intended to be representative of broad taxonomic groups, are used to extrapolate to

potential effects on a variety of species (receptors) included under these taxonomic groupings.

2.4. Assessment Endpoints

Assessment endpoints represent the actual environmental value that is to be protected, defined by

an ecological entity (species, community, or other entity) and its attributes (EPA 1998). For

fluxapyroxad , the ecological entities include terrestrial and a quatic plants and animal s . The

attributes evaluated for each of these entities include growth, reproduction, and survival.- Page 9 of 139

- 

### 2.5. Conceptual Model

For a pesticide to pose an ecological risk, it must reach ecological receptors in biologically

significant concentrations or doses . An exposure pathway is the means by which a pesticide

moves in the environment from a source to an ecological receptor. For an ecological exposure

pathway to be complete, it must have a source, a release mechanism, an environment al transport

medium, a point of exposure for ecological receptors, and a feasible route of exposure.

A conceptual model provides a written description and visual representation of the predicted

relationships between fluxapyroxad , the potential routes of e xposure, and the predicted effects

for each assessment endpoint. A conceptual model consists of two major components: a risk

hypothesis and a conceptual diagram (EPA 1998).

2.5.1. Risk Hypothesis

For fluxapyroxad , the following ecological risk hypothesis is emp loyed for this risk assessment:

Fluxapyroxad has slight to moderate mobility in soil ; it can move to surface water through

spray drift

, runoff , and erosion. Therefore

, fluxapyroxad may produce adverse effects on

survival, growth, and/or reproduction of aquatic animals. There is also the potential for

risk to benthic invertebrates, given fluxapyroxad ’s persistence in water and sediment

. Based on the compound’s persistence, fluxapyroxad may pose a chronic risk to small birds,

terrestrial

- phase amphib ians and reptiles and mammals. Based on previous assessments

for fluxapyroxad, there is potential risk to terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

. Based on

concerns raised regarding the potential effects of similar fungicide formulations to honey

bees (Apis mellifera) , the re is uncertainty surrounding the potential effects of fluxapyroxa d

products, including those co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin.

2.5.2. Conceptual Diagram

The environmental fate properties of fluxapyroxad indicate that for foliar applications, spray drift

and runoff are potential transport mechanism s of fluxapyroxad to aquatic habitats where non

target organisms may be exposed. N on

- target terrestrial organisms can be exposed to foliar

applications of fluxapyroxad through consumption of exposed plants and invertebrates

. With

regards to the seed treatments, fluxapyroxad may reach aquatic habitats via leaching of the

chemical from the seed coat into field runoff. N on

- target terrestrial organisms can be exposed to

fluxapyroxad through consumption of treated seeds

. These transport mechanisms ( i.e ., sources)

are depicted in the conceptual models below ( Figures 2

- 1 and 2

- 2 are for terrestrial and aquatic

exposure to foliar applications and Figures 2

- 3 and 2

- 4 are for terrestrial and aquatic exposure to

seed treatments ) along with the receptors of concern and the potential attribute changes in the

receptors due to exposures of fluxapyroxad

. Dotted lines represent transport pathways that are

assumed to have a low likelihood of occurring and/or of contributing to ecological risk.- Page 10 of 139

- Figure 2

- 1

. Conceptual model for potential flux apyroxad foliar treatment effects on aquatic organisms.

Figure 2

- 2

. Conceptual model for potential fluxapyroxad foliar treatment effects on terrestrial organisms.- Page 11 of 139

- Figure 2

- 3

. Conceptual model f or potential fluxapyroxad seed treatment effects on aquatic organisms.

Figure 2

- 4

. Conceptual model f or potential fluxapyroxad seed treatment effects on terrestrial organisms.- Page 12 of 139

- 

### 2.6. Analysis Plan

The analysis plan is the final step in Problem Formulation. During this step, an assessment

design is developed, the scope of the assessment is outlined, the methods for conducting the

assessment are determined, measurements of effects and exposure to evaluate the risk hypothesis

are delineated, and initial data gaps and assumptions required to address them are identified.

2.6.1. Conclusions from Previous Risk Assessments

F luxapyroxad was first registered for use in the United States in 2012

. An ecological risk

assessment conducted in 201 2 (DP Barcode 376883, March 2012) found that

, b ased on EECs

and the available ecotoxicity data, the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad resulted in chronic risk to

mammals, including mammals that consume treated seed. Chronic risk to birds, reptiles, and

terres trial

- phase amphibians could not be precluded with certainty because a statistically

significant (p<0.05) effect on growth (albeit slight) w as observed at all treatment levels in an

avian reproduction study

. Fluxapyroxad exposure based on maximum applicat ion rates could

result in adverse effects to listed species of dicotyledonous (dicot) terrestrial and semi

- aquatic

plants. Risk s to listed dicot plants exceed ed the Agency’s level of concern ( LOC ) for all foliar

uses and for the highest seed treatment app lication rate ( i.e. , wheat and triticale). The potential

for adverse effects on monocotyledonous (monocot) plants and on nonlisted dicot plants wa s

considered low. The likelihood of acute mortality to mammals, birds, reptiles and terrestrial

phase amp hib ians wa s considered low

, as RQ values d id not exceed the Agency’s LOC.

A comparison of the available aquatic toxicity data with the relatively low EECs of fluxapyroxad

in surface water demonstrate d a low likelihood that the proposed uses w ould result i n chronic

effects in aquatic organisms. Similarly, the fluxapyroxad technical grade active ingredient

(TGAI) was not expected to pose an acute risk to either freshwater or estuarine/marine fish or

invertebrates. However, potential spray drift of fluxapyr oxad co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin

d id result in a risk of acute mortality to freshwater fish and aquatic invertebrates. In the absence

of ecotoxicity data for estuarine/marine animals exposed to formulated fluxapyroxad,

conclusions for freshwater species were assumed to apply. The increased toxicity of (and

therefore risk from) the dual a.i. products for these taxa, when c ompared to fluxapyroxad TGAI

and single a.i. formulations, wa s consistent with the increased toxicity of pyraclostrobin relative

to fluxapyroxad . The likelihood of adverse effects to aquatic sediment

- dwelling (benthic)

in vertebrates and aquatic plants wa s considered low as RQ values d id not approach or exceed the

Agency’s LOC.

2.6.2. Identification of Data Gaps and Uncertainties

In terms of environmental fate studies required to support the proposed new uses and products of

fluxapyroxad, t here are no data gaps for fluxapyroxad.

With respect to data requirements to support the assessment of eco logical effects , a cceptable

chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates in the water column have not

been submitted. There is uncertainty regarding avian toxicity a definitive NOAEC was not- Page 13 of 139

- 

### established in the avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus ). However,

given the flat concentration

- response in this case, EFED considers it unlikely that an additional

study would yield a NOAEC that would allow risk to be precluded at the screening level. With

respect to terrestrial plant toxicity, apparent adjuvant interference in a seedling emergence study

reduces confidence in these toxicity endpoints. An ecological risk assessment conducted in 2012

(DP Barcode 376883, March 2012) provides more detail on the guideline studies that were

classified as either supplemental or invalid. Additional ecotoxicity data are not being requested

at this time because such data would be unlikely to impact the screening level risk conclusions

based on the currently proposed uses.

Two of the current flux a pyroxad end

- use products (BAS 703 01 F [ Merivon ® 

### ] and BAS 703 02

F [ Priaxor ® 

### ] ) and two proposed for registration (BAS 7969

- GLN [ Lexicon ] and Xemium 703)

are co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin and are similar in that respect to the registered fungicide

product, Pristine 

. 

### The Pristine  

### product

, contains the similarly structured, pyridine carboxamide

fungicide boscalid (25.2%) a s well as pyraclostrobin ( 12.8%). Previous risk assessments for

boscalid (DP Barcodes D 363523, D 3 79809

, D38 5653 ) have described uncertainties regarding

potential effects of Pristine  

### on development of honey bee brood, based on incident reports

(BASF 2008) and communications with beekeepers (personal communication) 1 

### ; however,

studies have been submitted

, for fluxapyroxad end

- use products (MRID 48812702, under

review ) a s well as Pristine  

### (DP Barcode 408124)

, and reviewed by EFED to address these

uncertainti es

.

2.6.3. Measures of Exposure

Screening

- level assessments are intended to be prote ctive of wildlife on a national level

, as

opposed to being regionally

- or locally

- specific. Maximum application rates are used to model

EECs

. M easures of exposure are based on aquatic and terrestrial models that calculate EECs

using labeled application rates and methods. Exposure modeling assumes that the seed treatment

use will not result in spray drift. Particulate drift, which may occur from abrasion of treated

se eds during field application, is not assessed in screening

- level exposure models. T here are

currently no monitoring data for fluxapyroxad in the environment

.

In the conduct of this screening

- level assessment, Tier I models are employed unless exposure

co ncentrations indicate an exceedence of ecological levels of concern. Surface water EECs are

calculated using the Generic Estimated Environmental Concentration (GENEEC, v

. 2.0

, 8/1/2001 ) model

. EECs for sediment

- dwelling invertebrates and for drift only a nalyses are

estimated using the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM v

. 3.12.2, 5/15/05) and Exposure

Analysis Modeling System (EXAMS v

. 2.98.04.06, 4/25/05), coupled with the input shell pe5v0

(11/15/06). The EFED Tier 1 Rice Model (v1.0, May 8, 2007) was use d to estimate aquatic

exposures for direct water applications that represent high exposure sites for rice use. The

Terrestrial Residue Exposure Model (T

- REX, version 1. 4 .1, 10 / 9 /200 8 ) is used to derive

terrestrial EECs on food items (USEPA 200 8 ) for terre strial vertebrates . The TerrPlant model (v.

1.2.2, 12/26/2006) is used to derive runoff EECs for estimating exposures to terrestrial plants

inhabiting dry and semi

- aquatic areas (USEPA 2006b)

. As discussed in the ecological risk

1 Personal communication in 2011: B. Brandi, L. Sundberg, R. Olivaris, D. Co x, K. Ward; commercial beekeepers in California.- Page 14 of 139

- 

### assessment conducted in 2012, e xposure estimates using the Screening Tool for Inhalation Risk

(STIR , v. 1.0, 11/23/2010 ) and the Screening Imbibition Program (SIP , v. 1.0, 8/19/2010 )

indicated that inhalation and drinking water, respectively, were not expected to be significant

r outes of exposure for wildlife ( DP Barcode 376883, March 2012 ) . Exposure models are

parameterized using relevant use and environmental fate data according to EFED input

parameter guidance.

2.6.4. Measures of Effect

Measures of effect are obtained from a suite of registrant

- submitted guideline studies which a re

conducted with a limited number of surrogate species. The test species are not intended to be

representative of the most sensitive species but rather a re selected based on their ability to thrive

under l aboratory conditions. For example, toxicity testing reported in this risk assessment

utilizes surrogate species to represent all freshwater fish (>2000 species) and birds (>680

species) identified in the U.S. Open literature searches a re not conducted to identify data for

potential use in this risk assessment because fluxapyroxad is a relatively new active ingredient.

The acute measures of effect used in this screening

- level assessment include the median lethal

dose (LD 50 

### ), median lethal concentration ( LC 50 

### ), and the median effect concentration (EC 50 

### ).

These are measures of acute toxicity which result in 50% of the respective effect in tested

organisms. The endpoints for chronic measures of effect are the No Observed Adverse Effects

Concentration (NOAEC ) and the No Observed Adverse Effects Lev el (NOAEL). Toxicity

studies a re submitted for freshwater fish and invertebrates, estuarine/marine fish and

invertebrates, aquatic and terrestrial plants, birds, mammals and honey bees ( Apis mellifera )

. The measur ement endpoints u sed for risk characterization a re derived from studi es which

underwent review and a re classified as “acceptable” (conducted under guideline conditions and

considered to be scientifically sound) or “supplemental” (conditions deviated from g uidelines but

the results are scientifically sound).

2.6.5. Integration of Exposure and Effects

The exposure and toxicity effects data are integrated to evaluate the risks of adverse ecological

effects on non

- target species. For the screening

- level assessment of fluxapyroxad , the

deterministic, risk quotient (RQ) method is used to compare estimated exposure and measured

toxicity values. The RQ method involves dividing EECs by acute and chronic toxicity values.

The resulting RQs are then compared to the Agency’s LOCs (USEPA 2004 a ). These criteria are

used to indicate if applications of fluxapyroxad , as directed on the label, have the potential to

cause adverse e ffects to non

- target organisms.

Although risk is often de scribed in terms of the likelih ood and magnitude of adverse effects, the

risk quotient

- based approach does not provide a quantitative estimate of likelihood or magnitude

of an adverse effect, bu t rather provides a “yes” or “no” answer depending upon whether or not

LOCs are exceeded.- Page 15 of 139

- 

## 3. A nalysis

3.1. Use Characterization

Fluxapyroxad is a registered fungicide active ingredient (a.i.) included in multiple

, formulated

end

- use products , and is proposed for on berries and small fruits, leafy vegetables, bulb

vegetables, cucurbits, grapes, rice, root vegetables, sorghum and millet, strawberries, sugarcane,

and tree nuts. It is also being proposed for foliar use on residential and commercial turf, golf

course, and sod farms. Foliar applications can be made via aerial, ground, or chemigation

equipment. P roposed seed treatment s include use s on bulb vegetable, b rassica, cucurbit, leafy

vegetable, rapeseed, rice, and root vegetable seeds

. Application of the fung icide to seeds can be

accomplished through water

- based slurry, using standard slurry or mist

- type seed tr eatment

application equipment. A review of the labels indicates that many of the new foliar uses have

similar application rates and retreatment interv als. As such, these uses have been grouped for

ease of exposure modeling. Proposed a pplication rates and retreatment i ntervals for the groups

considered in the modeling runs are provided in Table 3.1 . For seeding applications, the highest,

mean, and low est equivalent application rates were used to provide a range of potential exposure

concentrations. Equivalent a pplication rates for seed applications expressed in terms of pounds

of active ingredient per acre ( lbs a

. i

. /A) were developed using label information, provided in

units of lbs a.i. /100 lbs of seed, and seeding rates provided by the Office of Pesticide Programs’

Biological and Economic Analysis Division ( Becker and Ratnayake 2011 ). Seeding rates are

provided in App endix A, Table 2

.

Table 3

. 1

. Fluxapyroxad application rates and retreatment intervals for proposed uses.

Use(s) App

. Method Max.

Single

App

. Rate

(lbs a.i./A) No. of

App s

.

Per

year 1 Retreatment

Interval

(days) PHI

( days) Max.

Annual App.

Rate

(lbs a.i./

A/year)

Berries and small fruits

, bulb

vegetables, leafy vegetables (except

Brassica), strawberries Foliar 0.18 3 2 7 0

- 14 0.54

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits

, root vegetable Foliar 0.09 3 2 7 0

- 7 0.27

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Grapes Foliar 0.18

0.09 3 2

6 2 3 3

10 14 0.54

Rice Foliar 0.135 2 7 2 8 0.27

Sorghum and millet Foliar 0.0 9 2 3 3 21 0.18

Sugarcane Foliar 0.11 2 14 14 0.22

Tree nuts Foliar 0.11 3 7 14 0.33

Turf Foliar 0.23 NS 14 NS 0.80

Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) Seed 0.19 1 NA NA 0.19

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) Seed 0.08 1 NA NA 0.08

Rapeseed (low rate) Seed 0.002 1 NA NA 0.002- Page 16 of 139

- App.

- Application. Max.

- Maximum. N/A

- Not applicable. No.

– Number. PHI

– Pre

- harvest interval.

1 Maximum number of applications specified on label.

2 Label specifies no more than 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of

action.

3 The retreatment interval was n ot specified on the labels, so a default value of 3 was assumed. This was estimated

as the minimum amount of time necessary to apply the pesticide, evaluate the effects of the application, and

determine if subsequent applications are required.



### 3.2. Exposure Characterization

3.2.1. Environmental Fate and Transport

Table 3.2 summarizes the physicochemical and fate properties of fluxapyroxad. Fluxapyroxad is

stable to abiotic routes of degr a dations ( hydrolysis and soil/aqueous photolysis)

. Relative to

biotic routes of degradation, f luxapyroxad degrades slowly under aerobic and anaerobic

conditions in soil , with half

- lives ranging from 213 to 1,827 days; however, these half

- lives may

in part reflect sorption of parent compound to soil rather than, or in addition to,

biotransformation. Fluxapyroxad also degrades slowly under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

in aquatic systems, with whole

- system half

- lives ranging from 420 to 731 days. In aerobic

aquatic studies, fluxapyroxad partitioned to se diment, reaching levels greater than 50% of

applied radioactivity between 3 and 7 days after treatment

. Fluxapyroxad is not expected to

volatilize (vapor pressure approximately 6.1 x 10

- 11 

### Torr at 25 ̊ C).

Fluxapyroxad is classified as moderately to sli ghtly mobile (FAO soil mobility classification)

based on adsorption K OC 

### values in two U.S. soils ranging from 725 to 1,200 mL/g

oc 

### . Adsorption

K OC 

### values for six foreign soils were similar to these, ranging from 496 to 1,424 mL/g

oc 

### . Freundlich soil partit ioning coefficients (K F 

### ) for adsorption for the two U.S. soils ranged from

2.5 to 8.6 mL/g (4.3 to 17.9 mL/g for foreign soils). Based on its mobility and persistence,

f luxapyroxad has the potential , albeit low, to leach to ground water, particularly wher e high

water tables are present, high rainfall/irrigation occurs, and where sandy soils with low organic

matter exist.

In terrestrial field dissipation studies conducted on bare soil at six locations throughout North

America (MRIDs 47923695, 47923696, a nd 47923697), fluxapyroxad dissipated with DT 50 

### s

ranging from 17 to 436 days, and was detected infrequently below the top 6 inches of soil.

However, given fluxapyroxad’s persistence and mobility, the terrestrial field dissipation studies,

which only lasted a maximum of 472 days, may not have been long enough to capture leaching

over time. Another terrestrial field dissipation study (MRID 48809901) was conducted using

both bare

- ground and turf plots at a site in Georgia. Fluxapyroxad was applied thre e times (14

day interval) to both plots at a target rate of 0.268 lb a.i/A/application. Dissipation DT 50 

### s were

257 and 160 days for the bare soil and turf plots, respectively.

An aquatic field dissipation study was conducted on rice in St. Landry Parish , Louisiana (dry

seeded) and Tulare County, California (water

- seeded) (MRID 48812602). Each test site

consisted of two treated paddies, one non

- cropped and one cropped. Fluxapyroxad was applied

twice to each treated paddy (~7 day interval) at a target ap plication rate of 0.089 lb

a.i/A/application

, which is less than the maximum rate specified on the proposed label of 0.135

lb a

. i

. /A/application . During the study, the treated paddies at each test site were flooded on two- Page 17 of 139

- 

### occasions. Two applications occu rred during the first period of flooding (nominal flood period

July

– October 2010). Following flood water release in late October, the paddies were flooded

the following year, simulating a second rice growing season (nominal flood period May

– September 2011). The maximum concentration in the paddy water ranged from 29.2 to 157 μ g/L

after the second application and decreased to 5.5

- 26 μ g/L seven days after the second

application

. The maximum concentration in the top 3 inches of the sediment ranged from 32.3 to

96.3 μ g/kg and decreased to 5.3

- 31 μ g/kg 365 days after the second application. Using the total

mass measured in the soil/sediment and water (when flooded), total system DT 50 

### values for

fluxapyroxad ranged from 27 (CA) to 389 (LA) days in non

- crop ped plots and from 265 (LA) to

409 (CA) days in cropped plots. All of the test sites, except for the California non

- cropped site,

had observed DT 90 

### values beyond the length of the study (373 days). At the California non

cropped site, the observed DT 90 

### oc curred approximately 180 days after the second application,

the same day the paddy was flooded in 2011. These results indicate that fluxapyroxad is likely to

carry over from one growing season to another in the sediments of rice paddies, irrespective of

t he release of flood waters

.

A bioconcentration in fish (BCF) laboratory study involving bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis

macrochirus ) (MRID 47923730) indicated that after 28 days of exposure to fluxapyroxad at 1.0

and 10.0 μg a.i./L, whole fish BCF values (based on total radioactivity) were 86 and 93 μg/kg

ww per μg/L, respectively. Depuration of fluxapyroxad was relatively rapid, i.e., 90%

depuration was 2.5 days. Therefore, fluxapyroxad is not expected to bioaccumulate.

Based on discussions with the ROCKS, only the parent compound is of concern for drinking

water purposes (D390225, 7/14/2011). The ecological risk assessment only evaluates exposure

and risk to the parent compound, fluxapyroxad , as exposure to the parent below the levels of

concern should be protective of any exposure to the degradates.

Table 3

. 2

. Chemical properties and environmental fate parameters of fluxapyroxad.

Chemical Fate/Parameter Value Source

(MRID) Comments

IUPAC Name 3

- (difluoromethyl)

- 1

- methyl

- N

- (3',4',5'

- trifluoro[1,1'

- biphenyl]

- 2

- yl)

- 1 H

- pyrazole

- 4

- carboxamide

Chemical Formula C 18 H 12 F 5 N 3 O

Chemical Structure

Molecular Mass (g/mol) 381.31

Vapor Pressure (25°C) ( Torr ) 6.1 x 10

- 11 47923505 Not expected to

volatilize

Solubility (20°C) (ppm) 3.44 (pH 7) 47923509

Octanol

- water partition

coefficient ( K

ow ) 1

, 288 (log K

ow = 3.11) 47923511

Dissociation constant (pK

a ) 12.58 47923514

Hydrolysis half

- life

(pHs 5,7,9 ; 25 °C) No evidence of degradation at all

three pH s 4 8409101- Page 18 of 139

- Chemical Fate/Parameter Value Source

(MRID) Comments

Aqueous photolysis half

- life No evidence of degradation 47923513

Soil photolysis half

- life No evidence of degradation 47923690

Aerobic soil metabolism half

life; soil texture 213 days (NJ, loam) 1

1,82 7 days (ID, sandy loam) 2

676 days (IL, loam) 2

387 days (WI, loamy sand) 2 47923684 No observed

correlation between

half

- lives and

individual soil

properties. 72 9 days (CA, sandy loam) 2

295 days (GA, sandy loam) 2 ,3

345 days (IN, loam) 2 ,3

238 days (NC, sandy loam) 2 ,3 47923691

Anaerobic soil metabolism

half

- life; soil texture 591 days (NJ, loam) 2 47923688

Aerobic aquatic metabolism

half

- life 420 days (silt loam) 2

701 days (sand) 2 47923713 P artitioned mainly to

sediments

Anaerobic aquatic metabolism

half

- life 731 days 4792371 4 Supplemental

Range of Freundlich soil

partition coefficients (K F , mL/g ) for adsorption; 8.6 (NJ, silt loam)

2.5 (CA, sandy loam)

6.8 (Germany, loamy sand)

4.2 (Germany, sand)

5.7 (Germany, loamy sand)

12.3 (Spain, silty clay)

18.3 (Germany, clay silt)

14.0 (Japan, sandy silt) 47923707 S ix foreign soils

found to be

representative of

agricultural areas

where the pesticide

will be used

.

Range of organic carbon

partition coefficient s (K

oc

, mL/g

oc ) 1,195 (NJ, silt loam)

725 (CA, sandy loam)

981 (Germany, loamy sand)

978 (Germany, sand)

827 (Germany, loamy sand)

496 (Spain, silty clay)

1,424 (Germany, clay silt)

819 (Japan, sandy silt) 47923707 S ix foreign soils

found to be

representative of

agricultural areas

where the pesticide

will be used

.

Terrest rial field dissipation

DT 50 s 76 days (MB 4 , clay loam)

16. 7 days (TX, clay loam) 5

120 days (IL, silt loam)

332 days (NY, sandy loam)

314 days (CA , sandy loam )

436 days (WI , sand )

257 days (GA, loamy sand)

160 days (GA, turf) 47923695

47923696

47923697

48809901 All applications

were to bare ground,

except 48809901,

where bare ground

and turf were

assessed.

Aquatic field dissipation DT 50 s 27 days (CA non

- cropped)

409 days (CA cropped)

389 days (LA non

- cropped)

265 days (LA cropped) 48812602 Not conducted at

max label rate of

133 g

a.i./ha/application

Bioconcentration factor 86

- 93(whole fish) 47923730

1 T he half

- life presented is from a SFO fit of the data.

2 Half

- lives extrapolated beyond length of studies (368 days for MRID 47923684, 120 day s for MRID 47923691,

123 days for MRID 47923688, 100 days for MRID 47923713, and 365 days for MRID 47923714).

3 These estimates are based on the SFO model

. However using the interim EFED kinetics modeling guidance, SFO

is not the best model of degradation in these studies. Representative half

- lives based on alternative models are as

high as 613 (GA), 2,580 (IN), and 1,561 (NC) days.

4 MB

– Manitoba, Canada- Page 19 of 139

- 5 Dissipation half

- life was calculated using an nth order model (IORE). Using current EFED kinetics guidance, not

available at the time of this estimation, suggests that a longer half

- life of 117 days may be more appropriate.



### 3.2.2. Aquatic Exposure

In the conduct of this screening

- level assessment, GENEEC was used to calculate a quatic

e stimated environmental concentrations (EECs) for fluxapyroxad . If aquatic EECs exceed ed

ecological levels of concern, as was the case for applications to turf, more refined Tier 2

model ing (PRZM/EXAMS) was employed. EECs for fluxapyroxad in surfa ce water were

generated based on maximum labeled use rates ( Table 3. 1 ) and fate input parameters ( Table

3. 3 )

, developed using current EFED Input Parameter Guidance (USEPA, 2009)

. Although t he

labels specify that, for multiple applications of fluxapyroxad, no more than two applications

should be made consecutively before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action,

GENEEC does not have the capability to model multiple applicati ons with varying retreatment

intervals. For scenarios where three or four applications of fluxapyroxad could be made, the

applications were conservatively modeled as consecutive applications. A soil incorporation

depth of 0 inches was assumed, as fluxapy roxad can be applied on a variety of seeds, with

varying planting depths , and no incorporation provide s conservative exposure estimate s for

transport in runoff

. For fluxapyroxad applications to turf, the PRZM/EXAMS Pennsylvania

( PA ) Turf scenario was used , as it provided the most conservative EECs. An application date of

4/15 was selected, based on logic discussed below for the drift

- only assessment for formulated

products. EECs derived using the Tier I Rice model are further described in EFED’s drinking

water assessment for this action (DP Barcode 403944, 3/15/2013).

Table 3

. 3

. Input parameters used in surface water exposure modeling (GENEEC and PRZM/EXAMS ).

Variable Name Data Value Data Source

MRID(s) Comment

Application Method Aerial ( foliar treatment ),

granular (seed treatment ) Proposed

labels

Application Rate (lbs.

ai/acre) See Table 3.1 Proposed

labels

Application Frequency See Table 3.1 Proposed

labels

Application Interval

(days) See Table 3.1 Proposed

labels

Incorporation depth (in) 0

-- Assumed n o

incorporation

K

oc 931 mL/g

oc 47923707 Mean of eight values 1

Aerobic Soil Metabolism t 1/2 = 857 days 47923684,

47923691 90 th percentile on

mean (589 days) of 8

values 1

Solubility 3.44 ppm 47923509

Aerobic Aquatic

Metabolism t 1/2 = 993 days 47923713 90 th percentile on

mean (561 days) of 2

values 1

Photolysis t 1/2 = stable 47923513

1 EFED input parameter guidance is located at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm- Page 20 of 139

- 

### To estimate exposure to sediment

- dwelling invertebrates and drift

- only exposure to formulated

products, EECs were developed using PRZM/EXAMS , as the GENEEC model does not estimate

concentrations in pore water

, or as the result of drift

- only ( i.e. , no runoff) . The same fate

parameters used in the above mentioned aquatic exposure modeling were used ( Table 3.3 ).

Drift

- only estimates were derived for foliar applications alone , as seed applications do not result

in spray drift issues. The application efficiency was set to zero and the spray drift fraction was

set to 0.05, to simulate an aerial application re sulting in drift

- only contributions. The chemical

application method (CAM) was set to 2, indicating interception by the crop canopy , though the

pesticide application after harvest was treated as soil surface deposition. Use of PRZM and

EXAMS requires spe cification of the first application date and the use of crop

- specific scenarios.

Relevant inputs are provided in Table 3. 4 . The date of the first application was determined

consider ing a variety of factors. Initially the labels were consulted. For exam ple, for grapes , the

label s indicate to apply fluxapyroxad “ during budbreak ” or “before prebloom ” . H owever, in

most instances, the labels indicate that one is to apply fluxapyroxad “prior to onset of disease

development.” In these cases, a s fluxapyroxad is a fungicide designed to attack diseases which

affect the leaf, dates when leaves begin to appear were then considered . For most crops this was

assumed to occur approximately 14 days after emergence. However, if the date of emergence

was listed as occu rring on January 1 st 

### , the first day of the spring w as then used, a s most fungi

thrive in moist, humid conditions

. Although the new labels indicate that the fluxapyroxad

products are not registered for use in California (CA) , the C A PRZM/EXAMS scenarios were

used to as surrogate scenarios for other parts of the country. For the C A scenarios , the first day

of spring was used as the day of application, since the date of emergence for these scenarios

occurred in early January. A list of the scenarios mode led is provided in Table 3. 4 . The

scenario s with the maximum EEC s in each category are highlighted in bold. The selected crop

specific scenarios are standard Agency

- developed scenarios.

Table 3

. 4 . Applica tion scenarios and start dates for PRZM/EXAMS modeling.

Use(s) PRZM/EXAMS Scenario Emergence

date Date of first

application

Berries and small fruits ORberriesOP 4/1 4/15 1

Brassica leafy vegetables CAcolecropRLF 1/1 3/21 2

Bulb vegetables CAGarlicRLF

CAonion_WirrigSTD

GAOnion_WirrigSTD 10/30

1/16

9/15 11/13 1

1/30 1

9/29 1

Cucurbits CArowcropRLF

CAmelonsRLF

FLcucumber

MImelonSTD

MOmelonSTD

NJmelonSTD 1/1

5/16

10/16

4/30

4/10

5/1 3/21 2

5/30 1

10/30 1

5/14 1

4/24 1

5/15 1

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Grapes CAgrapes_WirrigSTD

CAWinegrapesRLF

NYGrapesSTD 2/1

3/1

6/1 2/1 3

3/ 1 3

6/1 3

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) CAlettuceSTD

FLcabbageSTD 2/16

10/16 3/2 1

10/30 1-Page 21 of 139- Use(s) PRZM/EXAMS Scenario Emergence

date Date of first

application

Root vegetable CAPotatoRLF

FLcarrotSTD

IDNpotato_WirrigSTD

MEpotatoSTD

NCSweetPotatoSTD 2/16

10/16

6/1

6/1

5/15 3/2 1

10/30 1

6/15 1

6/15 1

5/29 1

Sorghum and millet KSsorghumSTD 5/20 6/3 1

Strawberries CAstrawberry-nplasticRLF

FLstrawberry_WirrigSTD 1/1

10/1 3/21 2

10/15 1

Sugarcane FLsugarcaneSTD

LAsugarcaneSTD 1/1

1/1 3/21 2

3/21 2

Tree nuts CAalmond_WirrigSTD

GApecansSTD

ORfilbertsSTD 1/16

4/16

3/1 1/30 1

4/30 1

3/15 1

Turf CATurfRLF

FLturfSTD

PATurfSTD 1/1

2/1

4/1 3/21 2

2/15 1

4/15 1

Bold values indicate scenarios which gene rated the highest surface water EECs.

1 Assumed first application occurs 14 days after emergence.

2 Assumed first application occurs on first day of spring.

3 Based on label conditions.



### The EECs in Table 3.5 reflect the 1-in-10 year peak, 4- day, 21-day, 60-day, and 90-day surface

water concentrations. Model runs using ground and airblast app lications were also conducted,

but resulted in EECs that were lower than those for aerial applications. The EECs in Table 3.6

reflect the 1-in-10 year peak and 4-day surface water concentrations resulting from drift only.

For estimates to sediment-dwelling invertebrates, the turf scenario was run, as it generated the

highest peak surface water EECs in the GENEEC and PRZM/EXAMS (results not shown) runs.

For rice applications, the Tier I model only provides estimates for the water column

concentration. In lieu of using the water column concentration to estimate sediment

concentrations, the maximum sediment concentration from the submitted aquatic field

dissipation study (MRID 48812602) scaled to the maxi mum label application rate (96.3 μg/kg x

(2x0.135)/(2x0.089) = 146 μg/kg) was used to estimate exposure to sediment-dwelling

invertebrates in rice paddies. The sediment por e water acute EEC for the turf scenario was 12.8

μg/L. This estimate was converted to units of μg/kg dry sediment by using the pore water/water

column concentrations, the sediment K

oc 

### (931 L/kg

oc 

### , Table 3.3 ), and the equilibrium

partitioning model, depicted in Equation 1, to yi eld a concentration of 481 μg/kg dry sediment

for turf (USEPA, 2008 a ). Default values and the equation for K biota 

### were obtained from

supporting documents from the FIFRA SAP in 2004 for Refined (Level II) Terrestrial and

Aquatic Models (USEPA, 2004 b ).

ܥ

௦௘ௗିௗ௪ 

### ൌ ஼ ೛ೢ ௫ ଵ଴଴଴௅/௠ య ௫ ሺ௠ ೞ೐೏ ௫ ௙

೚೎ ௫ ௄ ೚೎ ା ௠ ್೔೚೟ೌ ௫ ௄ ್೔೚೟ೌ ା ௠ ವೀ಴ ௫ ௄ ವೀ಴ ା ௏ ೛ೢ ሻ

௠ ೞ೐೏ 

### (1)

Where- Page 22 of 139

- 

### C sed

- dw 

### concentration of pesticide in sediment on dry weight basis (mg ai/kg

sediment, dry weight)

C

pw 

### concentration of pesticide dissolved in pore water (mg ai/L)

m sed 

### mass of sediment (assumed to be 675,200 kg , USEPA, 2004 b )

f

oc 

### fraction of organic carbon in sediment (assumed to be 0.04 , USEPA,

2004 b )

K

oc 

### organic carbon normalized solid water distribution coefficient (m 3 

### /kg

oc 

### )

m biota 

### mass of biota in benthic compartment (assume d to be 0.06 kg , USEPA,

2004 b )

K

biota 

### biota

- water partition coefficient (0.436 x [K

oc 

### /0.35] 0.907 

### )(m 3 

### /kg)

m DOC 

### mass of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in benthic compartment

(assumed to be 1.249 kg)

K DOC 

### DOC

- water partition coefficient (assumed equal to K

oc 

### , m 3 

### /kg

oc 

### )

V

pw 

### volume of pore water ( assumed equal to 249.8 m 3 

### , USEPA, 2004 b )

Table 3

. 5

. S urface water EECs of fluxapyroxad (GENEEC

, Tier I Rice model , and PRZM/EXAMS )

.

Use(s) Application Rate

(lbs a

. i

. /A),

Number of apps,

RTI EECs (μ g/L)

Peak 4 day 21 day 60 day 90 day

Berries and small fruits, bulb

vegetables, leafy vegetables (except

Brassica), strawberries 0.18 x 3, 7 days 15.2 15.1 14.7 13.9 13.4

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits,

root vegetable 0.09 x 3, 7 days 7.59 7.56 7.37 6.97 6.69

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Grapes 0.18 x 3, 3 days

0.09 x 6, 10 days 15.2

15.0 15.2

14.9 14.8

14.6 14.0

13.8 13.4

13.2

Rice 1 0.135 x 2, 7 days 127 127 127 127 127

Sorghum and millet 0.09 x 2, 3 days 5.08 5.06 4.93 4.67 4.48

Sugarcane 0.11 x 2, 14 days 6.18 6.16 6.01 5.68 5.45

Tree nuts 0.11 x 3, 7 days 9.27 9.24 9.01 8.52 8.18

Turf 2 0.23 x 4, 14 days 14.4 14.2 13.7 13.3 13.2

Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) 0.19 x 1 4.25 4.23 4.12 3.88 3.72

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) 0.08 x 1 1.79 1.78 1.73 1.64 1.57

Rapeseed (low rate) 0.002 x 1 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04

RTI

– retreatment interval

1. Values derived using Tier I rice model. Assumes 5% loss due to spray drift

. 2. EECs estimated using PRZM/EXAMS

. Fourth application conducted at 0.11 lbs a.i./ A to meet annual label

requirement of 0.8 lbs a.i./ A/yr.- Page 23 of 139

- Table 3

. 6 . EECs from spray drift only following fluxpyroxad applications (PRZM/EXAMS)

.

Use(s) EECs (μg/L)

Peak 4 day

Berries and small fruits 3.75 3.70

Brassica leafy vegetables 1.70 1.68

Bulb vegetables 6.10 6.06

Cucurbits 2.40 2.38

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Grapes 6.50

6.16 6.45

6.13

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) 4.01 3.97

Root vegetable 3.43 3.41

Sorghum and millet 0.87 0.85

Strawberries 3.29 3.25

Sugarcane 0.68 0.67

Tree nuts 2.1 6 2.14

Turf 8.71 8.65



### 3.2.3. Terrestrial Exposure

The proposed application of fluxapyroxad to crops has the potential to reach non

- target terrestrial

organisms via spray drift and runoff (for plants). N on

- target terrestrial organisms may also be

exposed to fluxapyroxad via treated seeds. For terrest rial animals, T

- REX (Version 1.5.1 ) is

used to calculate dietary

- and dose

- based EECs of fluxapyroxad for mammals and birds feeding

on the site of application. Input values for T

- REX include the maximum single application rates,

number of applications, and retreatment interval for a given use and are located in Table 3. 1

. In

this assessment, EFED uses a default foliar dissipation half

- life of 35 days as an input for

terrestrial exposure modeling in T

- REX . The default value is generally consistent with

information from residue decline studies submitte d by the registrant and reviewed by HED

[Global Joint Review Monograph B.7.6 Residues resulting from supervised trials (Annex IIA

6.3; Annex IIIA 8.3) , 2011]. Although half

- lives were not calculated, supervised field trials with

legume vegetables, sunflow er, canola, and sugar beet s show that mean residues of fluxapyroxad

declined by approximately half in the three

- to

- four weeks (21 to 28 days) following application.

Fluxapyroxad was more persistent on cereal crops, including rice, barley, and wheat; resid ues in

these matrices declined only slightly or remained the same for the duration of the trial (30 days).

Therefore, the default foliar dissipation value of 35 days may underestimate persistence in some

crops.

Upper

- bound Kenega nomogram values based on Hoerger and Kenega (1972) as modified by

Fletcher et al

. ( 1994 ) are used to derive EECs for fluxapyroxad exposures to terrestrial mammals

and birds based on dietary

- a nd dose

- based exposures from foliar applications of fluxapyroxad

( Table 3. 7 ). A one

- yea r time period is simulated. Consideration is given to different types of

feeding strategies for mammals and birds, including herbivores, insectivores and granivores. For- Page 24 of 139

- 

### dose

- based exposures, three weight classes of mammals (15, 35, and 1000 g) and birds (20, 100,

and 1000 g) are considered ( Appendix C ). T

- REX is also used to calculate dose

- based EECs of

fluxapyroxad for birds and mammals that consume treated seeds. Seeding rates (Becker and

Ratnayake 2011) and the maximum application rate according to the proposed label are used to

calculate dose

- based EECs ( USEPA 2008 b ) and the mass of fluxapyroxad per unit area (mg

a

. i

. /ft 2 

### ) available for consumption by birds and mammals ( Table 3. 8 )

.- Page 25 of 139

- Table 3

. 7

. Terrestrial EECs as food residues for animals exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar uses.

Food Type Dietary

- b ased

( mg/kg diet )

(mammals and birds) Dose

- b ased

(mg/kg bw)

(birds) Dose

- b ased

(mg/kg bw)

(mammals)

All Size Classes Small

(20 g) Medium

(100 g) Large

(1000 g) Small

(15 g) Medium

(35 g) Large

(1000 g)

Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables, leafy vegetables (except Brassica), strawberries; 0.18 lbs a

. i

. /A; 3 applications; 7

- day interval

Short grass 114 129 73.7 33.0 108 74.8 17.4

Tall grass 52.0 59.3 33.8 15.1 49.6 34.3 7.95

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 63.9 72.7 41.5 18.6 60.9 42.1 9.76

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 7.10 8.08 4.61 2.06 6.77 4.68 1.08

Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.80 1.02 0.46 1.50 1.04 0.24

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits, root vegetable ; 0.09 lbs a

. i

. /A; 3 applications; 7

- day interval

Short grass 56.8 64.7 36.9 16.5 54.1 37.4 8.67

Tall grass 26.0 29.6 16.9 7.57 24.8 17. 2 3.98

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 31.9 36.4 20.7 9.29 30. 5 21.0 4.88

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 3.55 4.04 2.30 1.03 3.38 2.34 0.54

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.9 0.51 0.23 0.75 0.52 0.12

Grapes ( Botrytis disease); 0.18 lbs a

. i

. /A; 3 applications; 3

- day interval

Short grass 122 139 79.4 35. 6 116 80.6 18. 7

Tall grass 56.0 63.8 36. 4 16. 3 53.4 36.9 8.56

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 68. 8 78.3 44.7 20.0 65. 6 45.3 10.5

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 7.64 8.70 4.96 2.22 7.29 5.04 1.17

Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.93 1.10 0.49 1.62 1.12 0.26

Grapes; 0.09 lbs a

. i

. /A; 6 applications; 10

- day interval

Short grass 83.6 95.2 54.3 24.3 79. 7 55. 1 12. 8

Tall grass 38.3 43.6 24. 9 11.1 36.5 25.2 5.85

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 47.0 53. 6 30.5 13. 7 44.8 3 1.0 7.18

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 5.22 5.95 3.39 1.52 4.98 3.44 0.80

Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.32 0.75 0.34 1.11 0.76 0.18

Sorghum and millet; 0.09 lbs a

. i

. /A; 2 applications; 3

- day interval

Short grass 42.0 47. 8 27. 3 12.2 40.0 27.7 6.41

Tall grass 19.2 21.9 12. 5 5.59 18.3 12. 7 2.94

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 23.6 26. 9 15.3 6.86 22.5 15.6 3.61

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 2.62 2.99 1.70 0.76 2.50 1.73 0.40

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.66 0.38 0.17 0.56 0.38 0.09

Sugarcane; 0.11 lbs a

. i

. /A; 2 applications; 14

- day interval

Short grass 46.4 52. 9 30.1 13.5 44. 3 30. 6 7.09

Tall grass 21. 3 24.2 13.8 6.18 20. 3 14.0 3.25- Page 26 of 139

- Food Type Dietary

- b ased

( mg/kg diet )

(mammals and birds) Dose

- b ased

(mg/kg bw)

(birds) Dose

- b ased

(mg/kg bw)

(mammals)

All Size Classes Small

(20 g) Medium

(100 g) Large

(1000 g) Small

(15 g) Medium

(35 g) Large

(1000 g)

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 26.1 29.7 1 7.0 7.59 24. 9 17.2 3.99

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 2.90 3.30 1.88 0.84 2.77 1.91 0.44

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.73 0.42 0.19 0.61 0.42 0.10

Tree nuts; 0.11 lbs a

. i

. /A; 3 applications; 7

- day interval

Short grass 69.4 79.0 45.1 20. 2 66. 2 45.7 10.6

Tall grass 31.8 36.2 20. 7 9.25 30.3 2 1.0 4.86

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 39.0 44. 5 25. 4 11. 4 37.2 25.7 5.96

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 4.34 4.94 2.82 1.26 4.13 2.86 0.66

Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.10 0.63 0.28 0.92 0.64 0.15

Turf 1 ; 0.23 lbs a

. i

. /A; 4 applications; 14

- day interval

Short grass 97.0 11 1 63.0 28.2 92.5 63.9 14.8

Tall grass 44.5 50. 7 28. 9 12.9 42.4 29.3 6.79

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 54.6 62. 2 35. 5 15. 9 52.0 36.0 8.34

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 6.06 6.91 3.94 1.76 5.78 4.00 0.93

Seeds (granivore) N/A 1.53 0.88 0.39 1.28 0.89 0.21

N/A Not applicable.

1. F ourth application made at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A for a total annual application rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A/year. TREX v 1.5.1 was used, using the varying rates mode.

Table 3

. 8

. Terrestrial dose

- based EECs for the range of seed treatment uses proposed for fluxapyroxad.

Use (s) A pp R ate

(lbs a

. i

. / 100 lbs

seed ) Seeding Rate 1

(lbs s eed/ A ) App Rate

(lbs a

. i

. /A) Seed

App Rate

(mg a

. i

. /

kg seed) Dose

- Based EEC

(mg a

. i

. /kg

- bw/day) Spatial EEC

(available a.i. per

unit area)

(mg a

. i

. / ft 2 ) Birds Mammals

Bulb vegetable seed

(high rate) 0. 25 75 0.19 2500 633 530 1.9 6

Leafy vegetable seed

( medium rate) 0.2 40 0.08 2000 506 424 0.83

Rapeseed ( low rate) 0.02 8.2 0.002 200 50.6 42.4 0.06

Abbreviations: App Application. cwt Hundred weight (100 lbs seed).

1 Reference: Becker and Ratnayake (20 11 ).- Page 27 of 139

- 

### TerrPlant ( Appendix D ) is used to calculate EECs for non

- target plants that inhabit dry and

semi

- aquatic areas. In this assessment, exposure to non

- target plants is calculated based on the

potential runoff and spray drift of f oliar applications of fluxapyroxad

, and potential runoff after

seed treatment application ( Table 3. 9 ). Potential exposure resulting from spray drift is not

calculated for seed treatment applications because any spray drift of fluxapyroxad associated

with the seed treatment use is expected to be negligible. TerrPlant does not account for

particulate drift that may result from the abrasion of treated seed coatings during planting

.

Table 3

. 9

. EECs for non

- target terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants based on proposed uses of fluxapyroxad

(TerrPlant).

Use(s) Application

Technique Single Max.

App

. Rate

(lbs a.i./A) EECs (lbs a.i./A)

Semi

- Aquatic

Areas (Total) Spray

Drift Dry

Areas

(Total)

Turf Foliar 0.23 0.0345 0.0115 0.0138

Berries and small fruits

Foliar 0.18 0.027 0.009 0.0108 Bulb vegetables

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica)

Strawberries

Sugarcane

Foliar 0.11 0.0165 0.0055 0.0066

Tree nuts

Brassica leafy vegetables

Foliar 0.0 9 0.0135 0.0045 0.0054 Cucurbits

Grapes

Root vegetable

Sorghum and millet

Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) Seed 0.19 0.019 N/A 0.0019

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) Seed 0.08 0.008 N/A 0.0008

Rapeseed (low rate) Seed 0.002 0.0002 N/A 0.00002

App.

- Application. Max.

- Maximum. N/A

- Not applicable.- Page 28 of 139

- 

### 3.3 Ecological Effects Characterization

3.3.1 Ecotoxicity Data

Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for the proposed new use s of

fluxapyroxad are shown in Table 3. 1 0 through Table 3. 17

. In the current risk assessment, the

most sensitive endpoints available from registrant

- submitted toxicity studies classified as

acceptable or supplemental are the endpoints selected for quantitative use in risk estimation

. A

complete discussion of the submitted toxicity data for fluxapyroxad is provided in USEPA 2012

(DP Barcode 376883, March 2012).

3.3.1 .1. Aquatic Organisms

The following is a br i ef discussion of the selected toxicity endpoints that will be used for risk

estimation.

Acute toxicity endpoints for fish and aquatic invertebrates are summarized in Table 3. 1 0

. Based

on the available data, fluxapyroxad is highly toxic to freshwater fish on an acute exposure basis;

the most sensitive species tested was the common (carp, Cyprinus carpio ) on an acute exposure

basis

. Flux a pyroxad is moderatetely toxic to freshwater invertebrates and estuarine/m arine fish

on an acute exposure basis. While fluxapyroxad is moderately toxic to estuarine/marine

crustaceans, it is highly toxic to estuarine/marine molluscs on an acute exposure basis

.

Toxicity t esting using formulated product on rainbow trout ( Oncorhy nchus mykiss ) indicated that

two of the formulations contain in g fluxapyroxad as the sole active ingredient (Imbrex and

Sercadis) have toxicity values relatively similar to that of the TGAI (LC 50 

### =0.61 mg ai/L).

However, the Merivon (LC 50 

### =0.0074 mg ai/L) an d Priaxo r (LC 50 

### =0.0045 mg ai/L)

formulations .which are both co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin are two orders of magnitude

more toxic and are classified as very highly toxic to freshwater fish on an acute exposure basis

.

The fluxapyroxad TGAI is moderately toxic to freshwater invertebrates (water flea, Daphnia

magna ) , and f ormulated fluxapyroxad ranges from slightly toxic (BAS 700 04 F [ Sercadis ] ) to

very highly toxic (BAS 703 02 F [ Priaxor ] ) to freshwater invertebrates

, on an acute exposure

basis

. The fluxapyroxad TGAI is at least moderately toxic to estuarine/marine fish (sheepshead

minnow, Cyprinidon variegatus ) and invertebrates (mysid shrimp, Americamysis bahia ) based

on acute mortality and is highly toxic to estuarine/marine molluscs (Easter n oyster, Crassostrea

virginica ) , based on reductions in shell growth during acute exposure

.

Chronic toxicity endpoints for fish and aquatic invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad are

summarized in Table 3. 1 1

. Chronic toxicity has been demonstrated for fr eshwater fish based on

reduced growth (body length ) of juvenile fathead minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) in an early life

stage toxicity test . An acute

- to

- chronic ratio (ACR =0.077 ), based on the submitted acute

(LC 50 

### =0.47 mg ai/L) and chronic toxicity data (NOAEC=0.036 mg ai/L) for fathead minnow, is

used in this assessment to calculate a NOAEC value for use in risk estimation because chronic

toxicity data were not submitted for the freshwater fish species ( common carp) most sensitive to

acute exposure to f luxapyroxad. The calculations for the ACR and the calculated NOAEC value- Page 29 of 139

- 

### for carp are detailed in the footnotes to Table 3.1 1

. Similar to the fathead minnow, chronic

exposure of freshwater invertebrates ( D. magna ) to fluxapyroxad resulted in reduced grow th

( length ) of parental daphnids and reduced reproduction in terms of the number of offspring per

female daphnid. The chronic NOAEC values for freshwater fish and invertebrates were

approximately an order of magnitude lower than the acute toxicity values (LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### ) for the

same species exposed to the TGAI. Acceptable chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine fish

and inverteb rates in the water column have not been submitted.

Sediment toxicity data for fluxapyroxad are summarized in Table 3.1 2 . Spiked sediment

toxicity tests with the fluxapyroxad TGAI inhibited growth (reduced dry weight) and survival in

separate 10

- day studies with the freshwater amphipod ( Hyalella azteca NOAEC=67 mg ai/L )

and the estuarine/marine amphipod ( Leptocheirus plumu losus NOAEC=27 mg ai/L ),

respectively.

Toxicity endpoints for aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad and its formulations are shown in

Table 3.1 3

. Based on the submitted studies, nonvascular plants are slightly more sensitive to

fluxapyroxad exposure t han the vascular plant (duckweed, Lemna gibba ). The green alga

( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) was the most sensitive nonvascular plant species tested and

was most sensitive to fluxapyroxad co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin ( B AS 703 02 F [Priaxor] ),

followed by the TGAI.- Page 30 of 139

- Table 3

. 10

. Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for fish and aquatic invertebrates exposed to fluxapyro xad in the

water column.

Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints 1 ,2

(mg a.i./L) Toxicity Classification

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Acute toxicity to freshwater fish Rainbow trout

( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) EP (BAS 700 01 F)

[Imbrex] LC 50 = 0.47

95% CI = 0.39

– 0.58 Highly toxic

(47923816 )

(Acceptable)

EP (BAS 700 04 F)

[Sercadis] LC 50 = 0.66

95% CI = 0.28

– 1.3 Highly toxic

(47924113)

(Acceptable)

EP (BAS 70 3 0 1 F)

[Merivon] LC 50 = 0.0074

95% CI = 0. 0051

– 0.011 Very highly toxic

(47924212)

(Acceptable)

EP (BAS 70 3 0 2 F)

[Priaxor] LC 50 = 0.0045

95% CI = 0. 0031

– 0.0064 Very highly toxic

(47924314)

(Acceptable)

Carp

( Cyprinus carpio ) TGAI LC 50 = 0.29

95% CI = 0.27

– 0.33 Highly toxic

( 47923725 )

(Acceptable)

Acute toxicity to freshwater

invertebrates Water flea

( Daphnia magna ) TGAI EC 50 = 5.1

95% CI = 4.8

– 5.5 Moderately toxic

( 47923731 )

(Acceptable)

EP (BAS 700 01 F)

[Imbrex] EC 50 = 0.68

95% CI = 0.48

– 0.96 Highly toxic

( 47923817 )

(Acceptable)

EP (BAS 700 04 F)

[Sercadis] EC 50 = 28

95% CI = not determined Slightly toxic

(47924114)

(Supplemental)

EP (BAS 70 3 0 1 F)

[Merivon] EC 50 = 0.016

95% CI = 0.014

– 0.019 Very highly toxic

(47924213)

(Supplemental)

EP (BAS 70 3 0 2 F)

[Priaxor] EC 50 = 0.0083

95% CI = 0.0075

– 0.0093

Probit slope = 9.1 (95% CI = 5.7

– 13) Very highly toxic

(47924315)

(Supplemental)- Page 31 of 139

- Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints 1 ,2

(mg a.i./L) Toxicity Classification

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Acute toxicity to

estuarine/marine fish Sheepshead minnow

( Cyprinidon variegatus ) TGAI LC 50 = 1.3

95% CI = 0.72

– 2.8 Moderately toxic

(47923763)

(Acceptable)

Acute toxicity to

estuarine/marine crustaceans Mysid shrimp

( Americamysis bahia ) TGAI EC 50 = 3.6

95% CI = 2.9

– 4.5 Moderately toxic

( 47923761 )

(Acceptable)

Toxicity to estuarine/marine

molluscs

– shell deposition Eastern oyster

( Crassostrea virginica ) TGAI IC 50 = 0.96

95% CI = 0.08

– 1.13 Highly toxic

( 47923762 )

(Acceptable)

1 Bolded values are used in risk estimation.

2 For studies where concentration

- response slope data are not available, the default value of 4.5 (with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 2.0 and 9.0) is used to

derive the probability of an individual effect (Urban and Cook 1986).- Page 32 of 139

- Table 3

. 11

. Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for fish and aquatic invertebrates exposed to fluxapy roxad in the

water col umn.

Study Type Species Test Material NOAEC & LOAEC 1

(mg a.i./L) Effects

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Early life stage toxicity to

freshwater fish Fathead minnow

( Pimephales promelas ) TGAI 0.036 & 0.068 Reduced length

(47923729)

(Supplemental)

Carp

( Cyprinus carpio ) TGAI 0.022 & 0.042 2 ACR 2 based on fathead minnow

( 47923724 and 47923729 )

(N/A)

Chronic toxicity to freshwater

invertebrates Waterflea

( Daphnia magna ) TGAI 0. 46 & 0.95 Reduced number of young , reduced

parental length ( 47923736 )

(Acceptable)

1 Bolded values are used in risk estimation.

2 0.036 mg a.i./L / LC50 = 0.47 mg a.i./L = acute to chronic ratio ( ACR ) 0.077 * 0.29 mg a.i./L = 0.022 mg a.i./L NOAEC

0.068 mg a.i./L / LC50 = 0.47 mg a.i./L = ACR 0.145 * 0.29 mg a.i./L = 0.042 mg a.i./L LOAEC

Table 3

. 12 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad in the sediment com partment.

Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints 1 ,2

(mg a.i./ kg dry sediment ) Effects

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

10

- day sediment toxicity to

freshwater invertebrates Freshwater amphipod

( Hyalella azteca ) TGAI EC 50 > 973

NOAEC = 67

LOAEC = 113 Dry weight

( 47923744 )

(Supplemental)

10

- day sediment toxicity to

estuarine/marine crustaceans Estuarine/marine amphipod

( Leptocheirus plumulosus ) TGAI EC 50 = 121

95% CI = 103

– 146

Probit slope = 2.03 (1.66

-- 2.40)

NOAEC = 27

LOAEC = 57 Survival

(47923745)

(Supplemental)

1 Bolded values are used in risk estimation.

2 For studies where concentration

- response slope data are not available, the default value of 4.5 (with 95% confidence intervals of 2.0 and 9.0) is used to der ive

the probability of an individual effect (Urban and Cook 1986).- Page 33 of 139

- Table 3

. 13 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad in the water colum n.

Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints 1

(mg a.i./L) Effects

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Toxicity to vascular aquatic

plants Duckweed

( Lemna gibba ) TGAI EC 50 = 2.4

95% CI = 2.2

– 2.5

NOAEC = 0.44 Yield (f rond number )

( 47923747 )

(Acceptable)

Toxicity to nonvascular aquatic

plants Green alga

( Pseudokirchneriella

subcapitata ) TGAI EC 50 = 0.37

95% CI = 0.35

– 0.38

NOAEC = 0.15 Yield (cell density)

(47923737)

(Supplemental)

EP (BAS 70 3 0 2 F)

[Priaxor] EC 50 = 0.12

95% C.I. = 0.099

- 0.14

NOAEC = 0.014 Cell density

(47924316)

(Supplemental)

1 Bolded values are used in risk estimation.- Page 34 of 139

- 

### 3.3.1. 2

. Terrestrial Organisms

The following is a br i ef discussion of the selected toxicity endpoints that will be used for risk

estimation.

Acute toxicity data for birds, mammals, honey bees, and earthworms exposed to fluxapyroxad

are summarized in Table 3.1 4

. Based on the available data, fluxapyroxad is practically non

toxic to birds (bobwhite quail, Colinus virginianus ; mallard duck, Anas p latyrynchos ; and zebra

finch, Taeniopygia guttata ) on an acute oral exposure basis and ranges from slightly to

practically nontoxic to birds on a subacute dietary exposure basis. A 10% reduction in feed

consumption was observed in female zebra finch es exposed to fluxapyroxad at 2000 mg/kg bw.

Dose

- responsive mortality was observed at all but the lowest test concentration (313 mg a.i./kg

diet) in a subacute dietary exposure study with bobwhite quail, but the mortality was not

observed when the study wa s repeated under lower light conditions (12

– 21 lux) . This risk

assessment conservatively uses the endpoints from the first bobwhite quail study, where up to

70% mortality was observed under normal laboratory light conditions (139

– 299 lux) , for

screeni ng

- level risk estimation.

The Health Effects Division has concluded that fluxapyroxad exhibits low acute toxicity to

mammals by all exposure routes (EPA Toxicity Category III or IV) . No mortality was observed

at the limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw) in an acute oral toxicity study with the rat ( Rattus norvegicus ),

which was the most sensitive mammalian species tested.

Fluxapyroxad and its formulated end

- use products are practically non

- toxic to the young adult

honey bee on both an acute contact and acute oral e xposure basis. The submitted data indicate

that adult honey bees are most sensitive to contact exposure to the BAS 700 01 F formulation,

although the LD 50 

### value (15.7 μ g a.i./bee ) for BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex containing fluxapyroxad as

the sole active ingred ient] is still classified as practically nontoxic (LD 50 

### > 11 μ g a.i./bee).

Likewise, submitted toxicity studies for the similarly structured carboxamide fungicide boscalid

and its end

- use product, Pristine  

### , are not acutely toxic to young adult honey bees (MRID

48470202)

.

Earthworms ( Eisenia foetida ) exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI for 14 days exhibited a dose

responsive reduction in biomass but no statistically significant mortality. Earthworms were more

sen sitive to the BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] formulation, which caused 28% mortality at 1000 mg

a.i./kg dry soil; biomass was not affected.- Page 35 of 139

- Table 3

. 14 Acute toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial animals exposed to fluxapyroxad.

Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints 1 Toxicity Classification

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Acute oral toxicity to birds Zebra finch

( Taeniopygia guttata ) TGAI LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg bw 2 Practically nontoxic

( 47923717 )

(Supplemental)

Subacute dietary toxicity to birds Bobwhite quail

( Colinus virginianus ) TGAI LC 50 = 2457 mg a.i./kg diet 3 Slightly toxic

(48485301)

(Acceptable)

Acute oral toxicity to mammals 4 Norway rat

( Rattus norvegicus ) TGAI LD 50 > 2 000 mg/kg bw Practically nontoxic

( 47923558 )

(Acceptable)

Acute contact and oral toxicity to

honey bees Honey bee

( Apis mellifera ) TGAI LD 50 > 100 μ g a.i./bee (contact)

LD 50 > 111 μ g a.i./bee (oral) Practically non

- toxic

(47923748)

(Acceptable)

EP (BAS 700 01 F)

[Imbrex] LD 50 = 15.7 μ g a.i./bee (contact)

95% CI = 12.4

– 19.9 μ g a.i./bee

LD 50 = 62.8 μ g a.i./bee (oral)

95% CI = not reported Practically non

- toxic

(48565301)

(Acceptable)

14

- day toxicity to earthworms 5 Earthworm

( Eisenia foetida ) TGAI LC 50 > 1000 mg ai/kg soil

NOAEC = 125 mg ai/kg soil

LOAEC = 250 mg ai/kg soil NA

(47923750)

(Supplemental)

EP (BAS 700 01 F)

[Imbrex] LC 50 > 60 mg ai/kg soil

NOAEC = 40 mg ai/kg soil

LOAEC = 60 mg ai/kg soil NA

( 47923826 )

(Supplemental)

1 Dose

- response slope data were not available from the acute terrestrial to xicity studies. The default value of 4.5 (with 95% confidence intervals of 2.0 and 9.0)

is used to derive the probability of an individual effect (Urban and Cook 1 986).

2 The LD 50 values from all three avian acute oral toxicity studies are > 2000 mg/kg bw. The zebra finch is identified as the most sensitive among the acute oral

toxicity studies because sublethal effects were observed in female zebra finch at the highest dose level.

3 The endpoint identified for use in risk estimation is from the first experiment conducted under normal laboratory lighting co nditions. No mortality was observed

when the experiment was repeated under extremely low light.

4 Mammalian t oxicity data were reviewed by OPP Health Effects Division (USEPA) as part of the Global Joint Review for fluxapyroxad

. 5 The submitted 14

- day earthworm toxicity studies were labeled as acute tests, although the duration is considerably longer than most acu te toxicity tests.- Page 36 of 139

- 

### Chronic toxicity data for b i rds, mammals, honey bees, and earthworms exposed to fluxapyroxad

are shown in Table 3.1 5

. An avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail exposed to

fluxapyroxad in the diet demonstrated a slight (5

– 7%) but statistically significant (p<0.05)

reduction in hatchling body weight at all treatment concentrations (NOAEC <100 mg/kg diet)

, when compared to the negative control, with full recovery by day 14 ( i.e. , effects in

fluxapyroxad

- treated g roups were transient and were no longer observed at day 14 post

- hatch)

.

HED concluded that f luxapyr oxad did not cause reproductive toxicity in rats. Developmental

toxicity in rats included decreased body weight and body weight gain in offspring and was

observed at the same dose levels at which the study authors reported thyroid dysregulation

through hepatotoxicity in parental animals.

S ubmitted semi

- field studies with a solo formulation of fluxapyroxad (BAS 700 00 F [Xemium]

, 5.9% a.i., not proposed for US registration; MRID 47923749 ) and with the boscalid product

Pristine  

### (MRID 48470201) demonstrated no overall effects on honey bee brood, although

EFED identified transient effects on eggs , larvae, and forage bee mortality in the study with

Pristine 



### . The semi

- field studies evaluated mortality, colony strength, brood compensation

index, and brood termination rate, but did not evaluate effects on particular larval castes ( e.g.

, queen cells)

. The positive control, fenoxycarb (an insect growth regulator), demonstrated only

weak effects in the study with BAS 700 00 F [Xemium] and there is uncertainty as to the ability

(statistical power) of either study to detect treatment effects. Additional studies of Pristine

examining honey bee queen cell development did not show any significant effects (DP Barcode

408124)

. In 2012, the registrant submitted a semi

- field study (bee brood tunnel test) conducted

in the summer of 2011 with the dual a.i. produ ct BAS 703 01 F (Merivon ® 

### ) (MRID 48812702).

Bee brood in negative control, toxic reference item ( f enoxycarb: 250 g/kg nominal), and

Merivon ® 

### treatments were assessed at multiple time points and photographic records were

maintained. The exposure period wa s 7 days, and the post

- exposure observation period was 20

days. No significant effects on bee brood development or viability were reported at the nominal

treatment rate of 0.60 L/ha (0.134 lbs ai/A). A slight and transient treatment

- related effect on

for aging of adult bees was noted, but was not identified as statistically significant by the study

authors.

Exposure to BAS 700 01 F ( Imbrex, a solo formulation of fluxapyroxad ) for 56 days inhibited

earthworm reproduction, based on a n 18% reduction in the number of juveniles , and caused a

16% reduction in parental biomass at 21 mg a.i/kg dry soil, when compared to the negative

control.

Additional non

- guideline toxicity data for beneficial insects exposed to formulated fluxapyroxad

are co n sidered supplemental information in the current risk assessment and are summarized in

Table 3.1 6

. Tests with the predatory mite ( Typhlodromus pyri ), parasitoid wasp ( Aphidius

rhopalosiphi ), green lacewing ( Chrysoperla carnea ), and rove beetle ( Aleochara b ilineata ) were

conducted at treatment rates lower than in the acute toxicity tests with the honey bee but

approximately equal to the maximum application rate(s) on the proposed labels. The BAS 700

01 F [Imbrex] formulation caused mortality in the predator y mite, the parasitoid wasp, and the

green lacewing and inhibited reproduction in the predatory mite, the parasitoid wasp, and the

rove beetle at the maximum proposed application rate

.- Page 37 of 139

- 

### Terrestrial plant toxicity data were submitted for BAS 700 01 F [Imbre x] , BAS 703 01 F

[Merivon] , BAS 703 02 F [ Priaxor]

, and most recently for BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis ] . Terrestrial

plants were most sensitive to the BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] formulation ( Table 3. 17 )

, which

inhibited dry weight in both monocot and dicot plants. Onion ( Allium cepa ) and cabbage

( Brassica oleracea ) were the most sensitive monocot and dicot specie s, respectively, in the

seedling emergence study with BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] , whereas tomato ( Lycopersicon

esculentum ) was the most sensitive dicot in the vegetative vigor study. No monocots were

affected by foliar application of BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor]

. Definitive IC 25 

### values were not

established for any endpoint

- species study because effects either were not clearly dose

responsive or, more often, no effec t greater than 25% was observed. Recent terrestrial plant

toxicity studies (MRIDs 48958601 and 48958602) submitted for the fluxapyroxad formulation

BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis] indicated no treatment effects; however, the studies were only

conducted at approxi mately 50% of the proposed maximum application rate for this formulation.- Page 38 of 139

- Table 3

. 15 Chronic toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial animals exposed to flu xapyroxad.

Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints Effects

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Avian reproduction Bobwhite quail

( Colinus virginianus ) TGAI NOAEC < 100 mg/kg diet

NOAEL < 7.8 mg/kg bw/day

LOAEC = 100 mg/kg diet Reduction in hatchling body

weight

( 47923720 )

(Supplemental)

Chronic toxicity to mammals 1

–

two

- generation reproduction Norway rat

( Rattus norvegicus ) TGAI NOAEC = 112 mg/kg diet 2

NOAEL = 10 mg/kg bw/day

LOAEL = 50 mg/kg bw/day Reduction in F2 body

weight and body weight

gain

( 47923602 )

(Acceptable)

Toxicity to honey bee brood Honey bee

( Apis mellifera ) EP (BAS 700 00 F) 3

[Xemium] NOAEC = 0.11 lbs a.i. /A

LOAEC > 0.11 lbs a.i. /A NA 4

( 47923749 )

(Supplemental)

EP (BAS 703 01 F)

[Merivon] NOAEC = 0.134 lbs a.i./A

LOAEC > 0.134 lbs a.i./A (48812702)

( In Review )

56

- day toxicity to earthworms Earthworm

( Eisenia foetida ) EP (BAS 700 01 F)

[Imbrex] NOAEC = 11 mg ai/kg soil

LOAEC = 21 mg ai/kg soil Reduced number of

juveniles, biomass

(47923827)

(Supplemental)

1 Mammalian toxicity data were reviewed by OPP Health Effects Division (USEPA) as part of the Global Joint Review for fluxapyroxad.

2 The NOAEC value was calculated by the reviewer as the mean of measured concentrations of fluxapyroxad in the diet at the NOA EL (10 mg/kg bw/day).

3 BAS 700 00 F is an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of fluxapyroxad (5.9% a.i.) that is not currently submitted for regis tration in the United States.

4 No statistically signficant (p<0.05) adverse effects were observed. Parameters e valuated included mortality, colony strength, brood compensation index, and

brood termination rate.

Table 3

. 16 Additional non

- guideline toxicity data for hazard characterization of beneficial insects exposed to fluxapyroxad.

Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints

(lbs a.i./A) Effects 1

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Toxicity to predatory mite Predatory mite

( Typhlodromus pyri ) EP ( BAS 700 01 F )

[Imbrex] LD 50 = 0.051

95% CI = 0.008

– 0.156

NOAEL < 0.006

LOAEL = 0.006 Mortality, reduced number

of eggs per female

( 47923820 )

(Supplemental)

Toxicity to parasitoid wasp Parasitoid wasp

( Aphidius rhopalosiphi ) EP ( BAS 700 01 F )

[Imbrex] LD 50 = 0.097

95% CI = 0.088

– 0.107 Reduced number of

parasitized aphids- Page 39 of 139

- Study Type Species Test Material Endpoints

(lbs a.i./A) Effects 1

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

NOAEL < 0.017

LOAEL = 0.017 (47923821)

(Supplemental)

Toxicity to green lacewing Green lacewing

( Chrysoperla carnea ) EP ( BAS 700 01 F )

[Imbrex] LD 50 > 0.804

NOAEL = 0.357

LOAEL = 0.536 Mortality

(47923822)

(Supplemental)

Toxicity to rove beetle Rove beetle

( Aleochara bilineata ) EP ( BAS 700 01 F )

[Imbrex] LD 50 > 0.809

NOAEL

= 0.558

LOAEL = 0.809 Reduced number of

emerged beetles

(47923825)

(Supplemental)

1 Effects observed at LOAEL. Other effects may have been observed at higher treatment rates.

2 BAS 700 00 F is an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of fluxapyroxad (5.9% a.i.) that is not currently submitted for regis tration in the United States.

The predator y mite toxicity data for the BAS 700 00 F formulation are included for characterization to aid in comparison across end

- use products (EPs), since

the honey bee brood test submitted by the registrant used the BAS 700 00 F formulation.

Table 3

. 17 Toxicity endpoints used in risk estimation and characterization for terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad.

Study Type Test Material Most Sensitive

Species Endpoints

(lbs a.i./A) Effects

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

Terrestrial plant toxicity:

Tier II seedling emergence EP (BAS 703 02 F)

[Priaxor] Monocot: Onion

( Allium cepa ) IC 25 > 0.0894

NOAEL = 0.0446

LOAEL = 0.0894 Inhibition of dry weight

(47924321)

(Supplemental)

Dicot: Cabbage

( Brassica oleracea ) IC 25 > 0.0894

NOAEL = 0.0055

LOAEL = 0.0111 Inhibition of dry weight

(47924321)

(Supplemental)

EP (BAS 700 04 F)

[Sercadis] Monocot: NA IC 25 > 0.226

NOAEL = 0.226

LOAEL > 0.226 NA

(48958601 )

(Acceptable)

Dicot: NA IC 25 > 0.226

NOAEL = 0.226

LOAEL > 0.226 NA

(48958601 )

(Acceptable)

Terrestrial plant toxicity:

Tier II vegetative vigor EP (BAS 703 02 F)

[Priaxor] Monocot: NA IC 25 > 0.0681

NOAEL= 0.0681

LOAEL > 0.0681 NA

(47924320)

(Acceptable)

Dicot: Tomato

( Lycopersicon

esculentum ) IC 25 > 0.0681

NOAEL = 0.0167

LOAEL = 0.0338 Inhibition of dry weight

(47924320)

(Acceptable)- Page 40 of 139

- Study Type Test Material Most Sensitive

Species Endpoints

(lbs a.i./A) Effects

(MRID)

(Study Classification)

EP (BAS 700 04 F)

[Sercadis] Monocot: NA IC 25 > 0.226

NOAEL = 0.226

LOAEL > 0.226 NA

(48958602 )

(Acceptable)

Dicot: NA IC 25 > 0.226

NOAEL = 0.226

LOAEL > 0.226 NA

(48958602 )

(Acceptable)- Page 41 of 139

- 

### 3.2.1. Incident Reports

Fluxapyroxad was recently registered in North America (2012) . A search of the latest version of

the most current version of the Ecological Incident Information System (version 2.1, dated

10/2012) did not produce any ecological incidents for fluxapyroxad . Previous risk assessments

for the structurally similar ( pyridine carboxamide) fungicide active ingredient, boscalid, and its

associated end

- use product Pristine  

### (25.2% boscali d and 12.8% pyraclostrobin), have identified

reports of potential effects of boscalid and/or Pristine  

### exposure on honey bee brood ( DP

Barcodes D379809, D386068+ ). The registrant conduct ed higher tier larval toxicity tests with a

solo formulation of boscalid and with the Pristine  

### formulation, respectively, to address these

uncertainties and these studies did not indicate any significant effect

. S emi

- field stud ies

conducted with BAS 700 00 F (5.9% a.i. , MRID 47923749 ) and BAS 703 01 F (21.26% a.i.,

MRID 48812702) demonstrated no overall effects on honey bee brood development

, but did not

include endpoints spe cific to queen cell development . The registrant is not currently seeking

U.S. regi stration for the BAS 700 00 F formulation.



## 4. Risk Characterization

Toxicity data and exposure estimates for fluxapyroxad are used to evaluate the potential for

adverse ecological effects on non

- target species. This screening

- level ass essment employs a

deterministic risk estimation method, based on RQ values, to provide a metric of potential risks

( Section 4.1 )

. The potential for risk is characterized further in the Risk Description ( Section 4. 2 )

based on the risk estimation results an d other relevant information about toxicity, incidents,

ecosystems potentially at risk, and the environmental fate and transport characteristics of

fluxapyroxad . In cases where an RQ value exceeds the listed species LOC, the potential for risk

to listed s pecies is characterized in greater detail in Section 5

.

4.1. Risk Estimation

As discussed in the problem formulation, RQ value s are compared to the Agency’s LOCs to

identify taxonomic groups potentially at risk of acute or chronic effects associated with th e

proposed new use s of fluxapyroxad

.

4.1.1. Aquatic Organisms

RQ values are calculated for estimating acute and chronic risk to fish and aquatic invertebrates,

including molluscs, where the submitted ecotoxicity data are sufficient to use in risk estimation.

T oxicity data for aquatic animals and plants reported in Section 3.3.1.1 in terms of mg/L (ppm)

are converted to μ g /L (ppb) so that both exposure and toxicity are in similar units, i.e

., μ g /L

. As shown in Table 4.1 through Table 4. 4

, most of the RQ values calculated for the fluxapyroxad

TGAI are below the Agency’s levels of concern (LOCs) for risk to listed or nonlisted species of

aquatic organisms

. For freshwater fish, acute and chronic RQ values (based upon EECs

generated using the Tier I Rice model ) exceed the listed species LOC for rice. RQ values are not

calculated for chronic risk to estuarine/marine fish or invertebrates in the water column because

acceptable chronic data for these taxa are not available

.- Page 42 of 139

- 

### As the endpoints for flux apyroxad formulation s a re lower than those of the technical active

ingredient, RQ values are calculated for freshwater acute and chronic risk to fish and aquatic

invertebrates using spray drift

- only EECs

. As shown in Table 4. 5

, RQ values for the solo

formulations of fluxapyroxad (BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] and BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis] ) do not

exceed the LOCs for acute risk to listed and nonlisted fish and aquatic invertebrates. However,

Table 4.6 shows that RQ values calculated for al l evaluated uses of the dual

- a.i. formulations of

fluxapyroxad ( BAS 703 01 F [Merivon]

, BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] , and Lexicon ) exceed the

Agency’s LOCs for acute risk to listed freshwater species of fish and aquatic invertebrates. RQ

values for the uses of BAS 703 01 F [Merivon] on berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

grapes, and leafy vegetables also exceed the Agency’s LOC for acute risk to non

- listed

freshwater fish

. RQ values for the uses of BAS 703 0 2 F [Priaxor] on bulb vegetables, cucurbits,

grapes, and root vegetables also exceed the Agency’s LOC for acute risk to non

- listed freshwater

fish. RQ values for the use of Lexicon on turf also exceed the Agency’s LOC for acute risk to

non

- listed freshwater fish.

The submitted ecotoxicity data indi cate that nonvascular aquatic plants are in some cases also

more sensitive to formulated fluxapyroxad than to the TGAI. However, a s shown in Table 4. 7,

RQ values based on the green alga E C 50 

### and NOAEC values for BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] do not

exceed the li sted or nonlisted species LOCs for any of the evaluated uses. RQ values for the

other formulations (BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] , BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis] , and BAS 703 01 F

[Merivon] ) are also not expected to exceed the LOCs for listed and nonlisted species LOCs

because the alga was less sensitive to these formulations than to BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor]

.

Further characterization of the potential for adverse effects to aquatic organisms, based on the

available data, is provided as part of the Risk Descriptio n in Section 4.2.1

.- Page 43 of 139

- Table 4

. 1

. Acute and chronic RQ values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App Method EECs

(μg/L) RQ Values 1

Freshwater Fish

LC 50 = 29 0 μ g/L

NOAEC= 22 μ g/L Freshwater Invertebrate

EC 50 = 51 00 μ g/L

NOAEC= 46 0 μ g/L

Peak 21

- d 60

- d Acute Chronic Acute Chronic

Berries and small fruits, bulb

vegetables, leafy vegetables (except

Brassica), strawberries 0.18

(3) Aerial spray 15.2 14.7 13.9 0.05 0.6 3 < 0.01 0.03

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits,

root vegetable 0.0 9

(3) Aerial spray 7.59 7.37 6.97 0.03 0.3 2 < 0.01 0.02

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 0.18

(3) Aerial spray 15.2 14.8 14.0 0.05 0.6 4 < 0.01 0.03

Grapes 0.0 9

(6) Aerial spray 15.0 14.6 13.8 0.05 0.6 3 < 0.01 0.03

Rice 0.135

(2) Aerial spray 127 127 127 0.44 5.77 0.03 0.28

Sorghum and millet 0.0 9

(2) Aerial spray 5.08 4.93 4.67 0.02 0.2 1 < 0.01 0.01

Sugarcane 0. 11

(2) Aerial spray 6.18 6.01 5.68 0.02 0.2 6 < 0.01 0.01

Tree nuts 0.11

(3) Aerial spray 9.27 9.01 8.52 0.03 0. 39 < 0.01 0.02

Turf 2 0.23

(4) Aerial spray 14.4 13.7 13.3 0.0 5 0. 6 0 < 0.01 0.0 3

Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) 0.19

(1) Seed Treatment 4.25 4.12 3.88 0.01 0.1 8 < 0.01 0.01

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) 0.08

(1) Seed Treatment 1.79 1.73 1.64 0.01 0.0 7 < 0.01 < 0.01

Rapeseed (low rate) 0.002

(1) Seed Treatment 0.04 0.04 0.04 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01

1 Bold values are RQs that exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.05) for listed species or the chronic risk LOC (1) for listed/nonlisted species

. 2 Estimated using PRZM/EXAMS

. Fourth application made at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A for a total annual application rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A/year.- Page 44 of 139

- Table 4

. 2

. Acute RQ values for estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App Method EECs

(μg/L) RQ Values

Estuarine/

Marine Fish

LC 50 = 1300 μ g/L Estuarine/

Marine Crustacean

EC 50 = 36 00 μ g/L Estuarine/

Marine Mollusc

I C 50 = 96 0 μ g/L

Peak Acute Acute Acute

Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

leafy vegetables (except Brassica),

strawberries 0.18

(3) Aerial spray 15.2 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.02

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits, root

vegetable 0.0 9

(3) Aerial spray 7.59 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.01

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 0.18

(3) Aerial spray 15.2 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.02

Grapes 0.0 9

(6) Aerial spray 15.0 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.02

Rice 0.135

(2) Aerial spray 127 0.10 0.04 0.13

Sorghum and millet 0.0 9

(2) Aerial spray 5.08 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 0.01

Sugarcane 0. 11

(2) Aerial spray 6.18 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 0.01

Tree nuts 0.11

(3) Aerial spray 9.27 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.01

Turf 1 0.23

(4) Aerial spray 14.4 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 0.0 2

Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) 0.19

(1) Seed Treatment 4.25 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) 0.08

(1) Seed Treatment 1.79 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Rapeseed (low rate) 0.002

(1) Seed Treatment 0.04 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

1 Estimated using PRZM/EXAMS. Fourth application made at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A for a total annual application rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A/year.- Page 45 of 139

- Table 4

. 3

. RQ values for sediment

- dwelling invertebrates exposed to fluxapyro xad TGAI.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App Method EECs

( μg / kg dry

sediment ) RQ Values 1

10

- day

Freshwater Invertebrate

NOAEC=67000 μ g/kg dry

sediment 10

- day

Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrate

NOAEC=27000 μ g/kg dry

sediment Peak 2

Turf 3 0.23

(4) Aerial spray 481 0.01 0.02

Rice 0.135

(2) Aerial spray 146 < 0.01 0.01

1 T his assessment compares the 10

- day sediment toxicity endpoints to the peak sediment EEC associated with each use. The resulting RQ values are expected

to be conservative . However, given the demonstrated persistence of fluxapyroxad in water and sediment time

- weighted concentrations are expected to be

similar to peak concentrations

. 2 Pore water concentration derived from PRZM/EXAMS ( 12.8 μg/L) was converted to μg/kg dry sediment using the sediment K

oc (931 L/kg

oc , Table 3.3 ) and

the equation in Section 3.2.2, pg. 18 (USEPA, 2008).

3 The fourth application was conducted at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A, yielding an annual rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A.

Table 4

. 4

. RQ values for listed and nonlisted species of aquatic plants exposed to fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App Method EECs

(μg/L) RQ Values

Vascular Plants

E C 50 = 24 00 μ g/L

NOAEC= 44 0 μ g/L Nonvascular Plants

E C 50 = 37 0 μ g/L

NOAEC= 15 0 μ g/L

Peak Listed Nonlisted Listed Nonlisted

Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

leafy vegetables (except Brassica),

strawberries 0.18

(3) Aerial spray 15.2 0.0 4 0.01 0.10 0.04

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits, root

vegetable 0.0 9

(3) Aerial spray 7.59 0.02 < 0.0 1 0.05 0.02

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 0.18

(3) Aerial spray 15.2 0.0 4 0.01 0.10 0.04

Grapes 0.0 9

(6) Aerial spray 15.0 0.0 4 0.01 0.10 0.04

Rice 0.135

(2) Aerial spray 127 0. 32 0.05 0.85 0.34

Sorghum and millet 0.0 9

(2) Aerial spray 5.08 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.03 0.01- Page 46 of 139

- Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App Method EECs

(μg/L) RQ Values

Vascular Plants

E C 50 = 24 00 μ g/L

NOAEC= 44 0 μ g/L Nonvascular Plants

E C 50 = 37 0 μ g/L

NOAEC= 15 0 μ g/L

Peak Listed Nonlisted Listed Nonlisted

Sugarcane 0. 11

(2) Aerial spray 6.18 0.01 < 0.0 1 0.04 0.02

Tree nuts 0.11

(3) Aerial spray 9.27 0.02 < 0.0 1 0.06 0.03

Turf 1 0.23

(4) Aerial spray 14.4 0.0 4 0.01 0.1 0 0.0 4

Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) 0.19

(1) Seed Treatment 4.25 0.01 0.0 1 0.03 0.0 1

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) 0.08

(1) Seed Treatment 1.79 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 0.01 < 0.0 1

Rapeseed (low rate) 0.002

(1) Seed Treatment 0.04 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

1 Estimated using PRZM/EXAMS. Fourth application made at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A for a total annual application rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A/year.

Table 4

. 5

. Acute RQ values for freshwater fish exposed to BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] and BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis] in surface water as a result of spray drift

only , based on maximum application rates for all fluxapyroxad uses

.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App

Method EECs

(μg/L) BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] 1 BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis] 1

Fish

LC 50 = 470 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 680 μ g/L Fish

LC 50 = 660 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 28000 μ g/L

Peak Acute Acute Acute Acute

Berries and small fruits 0.18

(3) Aerial 3.75 0.01 0.01 0.01 < 0.0 1

Brassica leafy vegetables 0.0 9

(3) Aerial 1.70 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Bulb vegetables 0.18

(3) Aerial 6.10 0.01 0.01 0.01 < 0.0 1

Cucurbits 0.0 9

(3) Aerial 2.40 0.01 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 0.18

(3) Aerial 6.50 0.01 0.01 0.01 < 0.0 1

Grapes 0.0 9

(6) Aerial 6.16 0.01 0.01 0.01 < 0.0 1- Page 47 of 139

- Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App

Method EECs

(μg/L) BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] 1 BAS 700 04 F [Sercadis] 1

Fish

LC 50 = 470 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 680 μ g/L Fish

LC 50 = 660 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 28000 μ g/L

Peak Acute Acute Acute Acute

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) 0.18

(3) Aerial 4.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 < 0.0 1

Root vegetable 0.0 9

(3) Aerial 3.43 0.01 0.01 0.01 < 0.0 1

Sorghum and millet 0.0 9

(2) Aerial 0.87 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Strawberries 0.18

(3) Aerial 3.29 0.01 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Sugarcane 0. 11

(2) Aerial 0.68 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Tree nuts 0.11

(3) Aerial 2.16 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1

Turf 2 0.23

(4) Aerial 8.71 NA NA 0.01 < 0.0 1

NA Not applicable.

1 Bold values are RQs that exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.05) for listed species.

2 Fourth application made at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A for a total annual application rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A/year. Turf is proposed for registration under the new product

Xemplar, similar in formulation to BAS 700 04 F [Serca dis]

.

Table 4

. 6

. Refined acute RQ values for freshwater fish and invertebrates exposed to BAS 703 01 F [Merivon] and BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] in surface

water as a result of spray drift only, based on proposed uses for each formulation.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) BAS 703 01 F [Merivon] 1 BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] 1

EECs

(μg/L) Fish

LC 50 = 7.4 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 16 μ g/L EECs

(μg/L) Fish

LC 50 = 4.5 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 8.3 μ g/L

Peak Acute Acute Peak Acute Acute

Berries and small fruits 3 0.18

(3) 3.75 0.51 0.23 2.06 0.46 0.25

Brassica leafy vegetables 0.0 9

(3) 1.70 0.23 0.11 1.70 0.38 0.20

Bulb vegetables 3 0.18

(3) 6.10 0.82 0.38 2.75 0.61 0.33

Cucurbits 0.0 9

(3) 2.40 0.32 0.15 2.40 0.53 0.29- Page 48 of 139

- Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) BAS 703 01 F [Merivon] 1 BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] 1

EECs

(μg/L) Fish

LC 50 = 7.4 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 16 μ g/L EECs

(μg/L) Fish

LC 50 = 4.5 μ g/L Invertebrates

LC 50 = 8.3 μ g/L

Peak Acute Acute Peak Acute Acute

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 3 0.18

(3) 6.50 0.88 0.41 2.60 0.58 0.31

Grapes 3 0.0 9

(6) 6.16 0.83 0.39 2.60 0.58 0.31

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) 3 0.18

(3) 4.01 0.54 0.25 2.21 0.49 0.27

Root vegetable 0.0 9

(3) 3.43 0.46 0.21 3.43 0.76 0.41

Sorghum and millet 2 0.0 9

(2) NA NA NA 0.87 0.19 0.10

Strawberries 3 0.18

(3) 3.29 0.44 0.21 1.81 0.40 0.22

Sugarcane 2 ,3 0. 11

(2) NA NA NA 0.68 0.15 0.08

Tree nuts 3 0.11

(3) 2.16 0.29 0.14 1.26 0.28 0.15

Turf 4 0.23

(4) NA NA NA 8.71 1.94 1.05

NA Not applicable.

1 Bold values are RQs that exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.05) for listed species; bold italics values also exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC

(RQ>0.5) for nonlisted species.

2 Sorghum and millet, and sugarcane are proposed uses fo r BAS 703 02 F but not for BAS 703 01 F.

3 The maximum proposed application rate s for berries, bulb vegetables, grapes, leafy vegetables, strawberries, and tree nuts under BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] are

lower (in most cases, approximately half) than th ose specified on the BAS 703 01 F [Merivon] label , so separate model runs were conducted

. However, the

rates for sugarcane and strawberries, while lower under BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] than BAS 703 01 F [Merivon] , were not significantly different to result in

n e w model runs.

4 The fourth application was conducted at 0.11 lbs a.i. /A, yielding an annual rate of 0.80 lbs a.i. /A. Turf is proposed for registration under the new product

Lexicon, similar in formulation to BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor]

.- Page 49 of 139

- Table 4

. 7

. RQ values for nonvascular aquatic plants exposed to BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] in surface water from spray drift only, based on maximum

application rates for all proposed uses of fluxapyroxad.

Use App Rate

lbs a.i./A

(#app) App Method EECs

(μg/L) RQ Values 1

Nonvascular Plants

E C 50 = 12 0 μ g/L

NOAEC= 14 μ g/L

Peak Listed Nonlisted

Berries and small fruits 0.10

(3) Aerial 2.06 0.15 0.02

Brassica leafy vegetables 0.0 9

(3) Aerial 1.70 0.12 0.01

Bulb vegetables 0.08

(3) Aerial 2.75 0.20 0.02

Cucurbits 0.0 9

(3) Aerial 2.40 0.17 0.02

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) /Grapes 0.07

(3) Aerial 2.60 0.19 0.02

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) 0.10

(3) Aerial 2.21 0.16 0.02

Root vegetable 0.0 9

(3) Aerial 3.43 0.25 0.03

Sorghum and millet 0.0 9

(2) Aerial 0.87 0.06 0.01

Strawberries 0.10

(3) Aerial 3.29 0. 24 0.0 3

Sugarcane 0. 11

(2) Aerial 0.68 0.0 6 0.01

Tree nuts 0.06

(3) Aerial 1.26 0.09 0.01

Turf 2 0.23

(4) Aerial 8.71 0.62 0.07

1 As a screen for risk from the various formulations of fluxapyroxad, RQ values are calculated based on spray drift EECs from all evaluated fluxapyroxad uses

and the most sensitive toxicity endpoints from all nonvascular plant toxicity tests with formulated fluxapyroxad, which were from the test with BAS 703 02

F [Priaxor]

.- Page 50 of 139

- 

### 4.1.2. Terrestrial Organisms

In this assessment, RQ values are calculated for sub acute , dietary

- based risk to birds ( Table 4. 8 )

and for chronic risk to mammals ( Table 4. 9 )

. RQ values are not calculated for acute , dose

- based

risk to birds , chronic risk to birds, or acute risk to mammals because the toxicity endpoints

needed for these calculations are nondefinitive

. Specifically, the LD 50 

### values for birds and

mammals were greater than the highest dose tested in each study ; whereas

, the NOAEC value for

chronic toxicity to birds was estimated to be less than the lowest treatment level tested in the

avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail.

For all foliar uses of fluxpyroxad that were evaluated, the sub acute dietary

- based RQ values for

birds are below the Agency’s LOC s for acute risk to listed (RQ≥0. 1 ) and nonlisted (RQ≥0.5)

species. Chronic, dietary

- based RQ values for mammals are also below the chronic risk LOC

(RQ≥ 1 ) for all uses except for berries and sm all fruits, and grapes treated for the B otrytis disease

. However, chronic dose

- based RQ values for all uses exceed the chronic risk LOC for wild

mammals (RQ > 1) ( Table 4.9 )

. Chronic risk concerns are triggered by all uses for small (15 g)

and medium size d (35 g) mammals that consume short grass. Chronic risk concerns for large

(1000 g) mammals that consume short grass are triggered for all uses except for soghum and

millet, and sugarcane

. Chronic risk to s mall and medium mammal consumers of other dietar y

items, such as tall grass, broadleaf plants, and small insects, exceeds the LOC f or most of the

proposed uses

.

Table 4

. 8

. Acute dietary

- based RQ values for birds exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed foliar

uses.

Food Type Avian Dietary

- Based RQs 1

Short

G rass Tall

G rass Broadleaf

P lants/ S mall

I nsects Fruits/ P ods/

L arge I nsects

Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables, leafy

vegetables (except Brassica), strawberries 0.05 0.02 0.03 < 0.01

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits, root vegetable 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.01

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Grapes 0.05

0.03 0.02

0.02 0.03

0.02 < 0.01

< 0.01

Sorghum and millet 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.01

Sugarcane 0.02 0.01 0.01 < 0.01

Tree nuts 0.03 0.01 0.02 < 0.01

Turf 0.04 0.02 0.02 < 0.01

N/A Not applicable.

1 Dietary

- based RQ values are based on the bobwhite quail LC 50 value of 2457 mg a.i./kg diet (MRID 48485301)

.- Page 51 of 139

- Table 4

. 9

. Chronic dietary and dose

- based RQ values for mammals exposed to fluxapyroxad as a result of the

proposed foliar uses.

Food Type Dietary

- b ased

( mg/kg diet )

(mammals and

birds) Dose

- b ased

(mg/kg bw)

(mammals)

All Size Classes Small

(15 g) Medium

(35 g) Large

(1000 g)

Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables, leafy vegetables (except Brassica), strawberries

Short grass 1.01 4.93 4.21 2.26

Tall grass 0.46 2.26 1.93 1.03

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.57 2.77 2.37 1.27

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.06 0.31 0.26 0.14

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.07 0.06 0.03

Brassica leafy vegetables, cucurbits, root vegetable

Short grass 0.51 2.46 2.10 1.13

Tall grass 0.23 1.13 0.96 0.52

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.29 1.39 1.18 0.63

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.03 0.15 0.13 0.07

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.03 0.03 0.02

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Short grass 1.09 5.30 4.53 2.43

Tall grass 0.50 2.43 2.08 1.11

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.61 2.98 2.55 1.37

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.07 0.33 0.28 0.15

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.07 0.06 0.03

Grapes

Short grass 0.75 3.63 3.10 1.66

Tall grass 0.34 1.66 1.42 0.76

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.42 2.04 1.74 0.93

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.05 0.23 0.19 0.10

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.05 0.04 0.02

Sorghum and millet

Short grass 0.37 1.82 1.55 0.83

Tall grass 0.17 0.83 0.71 0.38

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.21 1.02 0.87 0.47

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.02 0.11 0.10 0.05

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.03 0.02 0.01

Sugarcane

Short grass 0.41 2.01 1.72 0.92

Tall grass 0.19 0.92 0.79 0.42

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.23 1.13 0.97 0.52

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.03 0.13 0.11 0.06

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.03 0.02 0.01

Tree nuts

Short grass 0.62 3.01 2.57 1.38

Tall grass 0.28 1.38 1.18 0.63

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.35 1.69 1.45 0.78

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.04 0.19 0.16 0.09

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.04 0.04 0.02

Turf

Short grass 0.87 4.21 3.60 1.93

Tall grass 0.40 1.93 1.65 0.88

Broadleaf plants/sm all insects 0.49 2.37 2.02 1.08- Page 52 of 139

- Food Type Dietary

- b ased

( mg/kg diet )

(mammals and

birds) Dose

- b ased

(mg/kg bw)

(mammals)

All Size Classes Small

(15 g) Medium

(35 g) Large

(1000 g)

Fruits/pods/l ar g e insects 0.05 0.26 0.22 0.12

Seeds (granivore) N/A 0.06 0.05 0.03

N/A Not applicable.

Bolded values exceed the Agency’s Level of Concern (LOC) for chronic risk to wild mammals (RQ > 1). RQ

values of 0.99 in this assessment are conservatively rounded up and are considered to meet the chronic risk LOC.



### RQ values for c hronic risk to mammals, based on the range of proposed fluxapyroxad seed

treatment uses, are calculated as follows:

RQ = Exposure (mg a.i./kg seed) / NOAEC (mg/kg diet)

The resulting RQ values for proposed seed treatment uses exceed the Agency’s LOC for chronic

risk to mammals (RQ > 1

, Table 4. 10 )

. This screening calculation indicates that a mammal that

consumes 1 kg o f treated seed over an unspecified time period will have been exposed to a

dietary concentration of fluxapyroxad that is approximately 1.8 to 22 times the chronic NOAEC.

The amount of time it would take a mammal to consume 1 kg of seed would depend upon t he

physiology, life history, and energy requirements of the individual.

It should be noted that the seed treatment uses presented in Table 4. 10 are a subset of those

proposed on the fluxapyroxad labels , used to provide a range of RQs . For a seed treatm ent to be

below the chronic risk LOC, it must be below 0.0112 lbs a.i. /100 lbs seed. Based on the seed

treatment uses on the proposed labels (see Appendix A )

, none of the proposed seed treatments

would result in an RQ below the Agency’s chronic risk LOC f or mammals

. Seed incorporation

is not required on the label; therefore, the seed treatment EECs for terrestrial animals and

associated RQ values are calculated using the assumption that seeds are not incorporated and are

readily available for consumption and that treated seed represent 100% of the diet

.

RQ values are not calculated for acute, dose

- based risk to birds, chronic risk to birds

, or acute

risk to mammals based on the proposed seed treatment uses because the toxicity endpoints from

these studies are nondefinitive ( i.e. , outside the range of test concentrations).

Table 4

. 10

. Chronic d ietary RQ values for mammals exposed to fluxapyroxad following the proposed seed

treatment uses.

Seed Treatment Use(s) A pp R ate

(lbs a

. i

. / 100 lbs seed ) Chronic EEC

(mg a

. i

. /kg seed) Chronic RQs

NOAEC=112 mg/kg diet

Bulb vegetable seed (high rate) 0.25 2500 22.3

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) 0.2 2000 17.9

Rapeseed ( low rate) 0.02 200 1.80

Bolded values exceed the Agency’s LOC for chronic risk to wild mammals (RQ > 1).



### For terrestrial plants, RQ values for the foliar and seed treatment uses are calculated based on the

most sensitive toxicity endpoints from the submitted seedling emergence tests, but only the foliar- Page 53 of 139

- 

### uses are evaluated against the vegetative vigor tests, as foliar exposure of non

- target plants is

considered unlikely to result from the proposed seed treatment use s ( Table 4. 1 1 ). RQ values for

listed species of dicot plants exceed the Agency’s LOC for all of the foliar uses evaluated for

semi

- aquatic areas and for the following foliar uses for dry areas and spr ay drift: turf, berries and

small fruits, grapes ( Botrytis disease), leafy vegetables (except Brassica), strawberries,

sugarcane, and tree nuts

. RQ values for listed species of monocot plants are below the LOC for

all foliar uses. RQ values based on runo ff from seed treatment uses exceed the Agency’s LOC

for listed species of dicot plants in semi

- aquatic areas for proposed seed treatment rate s greater

than 0.05 lbs a.i. /A ( e.g. , bulb vegetables, leafy vegetables, and rice)

. T he estimates for seed

treatments are based on the assumption s that the seeds are not being incorporated and 100% of

the seed treatment is available for leaching/runoff . These assumptions are especially

conservative for seeds which may routinely be incorporated at depths greate r than 1 inch . T hey

are more representative of scenarios where seeds are broadcast applied or incorporated less than

one inch ( e.g.

, onion may be incorporated at 0.5 inches ; MBS Seed Chart

[ http://www.mbsseed.com/garden_seed_planting_chart.htm ] )

. RQ valu es are not calculated for

risk to non

- listed species of terrestrial plants because the IC 25 

### value s exceeded the maximum

application rate tested. Conclusions regarding potential risk to listed and nonlisted terrestrial

plants, as they relate to RQ values b ased on the available NOAEC values, are discussed in

Section 4.2

.

Table 4

. 11

. RQ values for listed species 1 of non

- target terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants based on proposed

uses of fluxapyroxad (TerrPlant).

Use(s) Dry Area

RQs Semi

- Aquatic Area

RQs Spray Drift Only

RQs

Monocot Dicot Monocot Dicot Monocot Dicot

Turf 0.31 2.51 0.77 6.27 0.26 2.09

Berries and small fruits

0.24 1.96 0.61 4.91 0.20 1.64 Bulb vegetables

Grapes ( Botrytis disease)

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica)

Strawberries

Sugarcane

0.15 1.20 0.37 3.00 0.12 1.00

Tree nuts

Brassica leafy vegetables

0.12 0.98 0.30 2.45 0.10 0.82 Cucurbits

Grapes

Root vegetable

Sorghum and millet- Page 54 of 139

- Bulb vegetable seed ( high rate) < 0.1 0.35 0.43 3.45 N/A N/A

Leafy vegetable seed ( medium rate) < 0.1 0.15 0.18 1.45 N/A N/A

Rapeseed (low rate) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 N/A N/A

N/A Not applicable.

Bolded values exceed the Agency’s level of concern (LOC) for risk to listed species of terrestrial plants (RQ > 1).

1 RQ values are based on the seedling emergence NOAEL value s of 0.0446 (monocot) and 0.0055 ( dicot ) lb ai/A

(dry areas and semi

- aquatic areas) and the vegetative vigor NOAEL values of 0.0681 (monocot) and 0.0167 (dicot)

lb ai/A (drift only)

. RQ values are not calculated in this assessment for nonlisted species of terrestrial plants becaus e

the IC 25 values were all greater than the highest treatment rate tested

.



### Although the Agency does not typically quantify risk to non

- target terrestrial invertebrates using

the RQ method, acute toxicity studies with the young adult honey bee demonstrate that

fluxapyroxad is practically non

- toxic to young adult honey bees on an acute oral and an acute

contact exposure basis (LD 50 

### >11 μg a.i./bee). Additionally, a semi

- field study (bee brood tunnel

test) conducted with the dual a.i. product BAS 703 01 F (MRID 48812702) indicated n o

significant effects on bee brood development or viability

. A lthough a slight and transient

treatment

- related effect on foraging of adult bees was noted , i t was not identifi ed as statistically

significant.

The potential for risk to non

- target terrestrial organisms, associated with the proposed use s of

fluxapyroxad

, is discussed further in the Risk Description ( Section 4.2 .2 ).

4.2. Risk Description and Conclusions

This assessment evaluates the potential for ecol ogical risks associated with the proposed uses of

the fungicide fluxapyroxad as foliar applications and seed treatments. Fluxapyroxad is a

synthetic carboxamide fungicide (FRAC Group 7) that inhibits mitochondrial respiration and the

subsequent production of ATP in fungal cells

. Fluxapyroxad is persistent, i.e

., is stable to most

environmental degradation and some plant metabolism processes, and has demonstrated at least

some systemic activity based on plant residue studies submitted by the registrant

.

4.2.1. Aquatic Organisms

A cute RQ values are below the listed (RQ ≥0.0 5) and non

- listed (RQ ≥0.1 ) species and chronic

(RQ ≥ 1.0) r isk LOCs for all assessed aquatic organisms based on toxicity of the TGAI for all

proposed uses

, except for acute and chronic risk LOCs for listed species based on the proposed

use on rice

. The peak EEC is within an order of magnitude of concentrations observed in the

aquatic field dissipation study meant to mimic rice applications. While culturing rice and

freshwater fish and invertebrates together has been documented ( LSU AgCenter, 2007 ), it is

uncertain as to whether listed species would dwell in, and be exposed to water concentrations in,

rice paddies. As a result, r isk to listed and nonlisted aquatic o rganisms from fluxapyroxad TGAI

is considered to be low

.

B ased on endpoints for the fluxapyroxad formulations that contain pyraclostrobin (BAS 703 01 F

[Merivon ® 

### ], BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor ® 

### ], and Lexicon ) and on spray drift

- only EECs

, there is

potential acut e risk to listed aquatic animals for all proposed uses

. RQ values for the uses of- Page 55 of 139

- 

### BAS 703 01 F [Merivon ® 

### ] on berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables, grapes, and leafy

vegetables exceed the Agency’s LOC for acute risk to non

- listed freshwater fish. RQ values for

the uses of BAS 703 0 2 F [Priaxor ® 

### ] on bulb vegetables, cucurbits, grapes, and root vegetables

exceed the LOC for acute risk to non

- listed freshwater fish. RQ values for the use of Lexicon on

turf exceed the LOC for acute risk to non

- listed fre shwater fish. The enhanced toxicity of the

dual

- a.i. formulations appears to be driven by pyraclostrobin; when the toxicity endpoints for

freshwater fish and invertebrates are adjusted for the percentage of pyraclstrobin in each prod uct,

they are similar to toxicity endpoints for the pyraclostrobin a.i. ( e.g.

, USEPA 2011, DP Barcode

D380640 ) , as illustrated in Table 4.12 . In some cases, freshwater plants and animals are also

more sensitive to formulations of fluxapyroxad alone ( e.g. , BAS 700 01 F [Imbrex] and BAS 700

04 F [Sercadis] ) than to the TGAI. However, none of the RQ values for formulations with

fluxapyroxad alone approach or exceed LOCs.

Risk to listed and nonlisted vascular and nonvascular aquatic plants from fluxapyroxad TGAI

and its formula ted product s is considered to be low since RQ values are below the Agency’s

LOC (RQ≥ 1).

Table 4

. 12 . Comparison of aquatic ecotoxicity endpoints for BAS 703 01 F [Merivon ® ] and BAS 703 02 F

[Priaxor ® ] with existing pyraclostrobin endpoints.

Study Type Species Endpoints

(mg pyraclostrobin a.i./L)

BAS 703 01 F

[Merivon ® ] BAS 703 02 F

[Priaxor ® ] Pyraclostrobin 1

Acute toxicity to

freshwater fish Rainbow trout

( Oncorhynchus

mykiss ) LC 50 = 0.007 LC 50 = 0.009 LC 50 = 0.006

Acute toxicity to

freshwater invertebrates Water flea

( Daphnia magna ) EC 50 = 0.015 EC 50 = 0.016 EC 50 = 0.016

Acute toxicity to

estuarine/marine fish Sheepshead minnow

( Cyprinidon

variegatus ) LC 50 = N/A LC 50 = N/A LC 50 = 0.077

Acute toxicity to

estuarine/marine

crustaceans Mysid shrimp

( Americamysis

bahia ) EC 50 = N/A EC 50 = N/A EC 50 = 0.004

Toxicity to

estuarine/marine

molluscs

– shell

deposition Eastern oyster

( Crassostrea

virginica ) IC 50 = N/A IC 50 = N/A IC 50 = 0.013

N/A Not applicable. Formulated product toxicity data using BAS 703 01 F and BAS 703 02 F were not provided for

estuarine//marine fish, crustaceans, or molluscs.

1 Pyraclostrobin endpoints obtained from USEPA 2011 (DP Barcode D380640 et seq. )

.



### Figures 4.1 and 4.2 depict the time series peak EECs from the PRZM/EXAMS spray drift only

analysis for the highest peak EEC (use on turf ) and lowest peak EEC (use on sugarcane ) for uses

of BAS 703 02 F (Priaxor ® 

### ) . A review of the time series data indicates that, in general, the 90 th



### percentile peak EEC for the modeled uses occurs as a result of accumulation from repeated

annual application over 30 years. However, in most cases , exceedence of the listed species LOC

can occur much sooner. For all uses, the LOC s for l isted species at 0.225 μg/L ( 4.5 μg/L x 0.05)- Page 56 of 139

- 

### and 0.415 μg/L ( 8.3 μg/L x 0.05) are exceeded in the first year of applications. For uses where

the LOC s for nonlisted species at 2.25 μg/L ( 4.5 μg/L x 0.5) are exceeded , the LOC is usually

exceeded after 2

- 12 repeated years of application . The LOC for nonlisted species at 4.15 μg/L

( 8.3 μg/L x 0.5) is only exceeded for use on turf , where the exceedence occurs after 5 years of

consecutive use. In cases where the application rate is low, such as sugarcane, accumulation in

the pond does not occur. It should be noted that EECs from the predicted accumulation reflect

maximum usage of fluxapyro x ad for 30 years and a pond that has no outlet, which ma y not

necessarily be representative of real world conditions. However, given fluxapyroxad’s high

persistence in soil and aquatic environments, concentrations of fluxapyroxad over the long

- term

could potentially be a concern.

Figure 4

- 1

. Turf peak EECs from spray drift only analysis

.- Page 57 of 139

- Figure 4

- 2

. S ugarcane peak EECs from spray drift only analyses

.



### Depending on the percent organic matter content of benthi c sediments, fluxapyroxad can

partition to sediments. The potential for risk to benthic organisms exposed to sediment pore

water is also considered, using the conservative assumption that the highest concentration s tested

in the amphipod studies represent the toxicity thresholds ( Table 4. 3)

. In this estimation, the

acute RQ value fo r benthic invertebrates (RQ≤0.02 ) is similar to the RQ values for fish and

invertebrates exposed to TGAI in the water column, and it does not exceed the acute risk to listed

or non

- listed species LOCs.

4.2.2. Terrestrial Organisms

Acute RQ values are not calculated in the Risk Estimation section for dose

- based risk to birds or

for dose

- or dietary

- based risk to mammals because the necessary toxicity endpoints (LD 50 

### /LC 50 

### )

were determi ned to be greater than the limit dose in the submitted studies. T herefore, although

fluxapyroxad is classified as practically non

- toxic to birds and mammals on an acute oral and

subacute dietary exposure basis, the nature and potential dose

- response relat ionship of any

effects of fluxapyroxad at exposure levels abo ve the limit dose are unknown.

For the proposed foliar uses of fluxapyroxad, the potential for acute risk to birds and mammals is

characterized using the conservative assumption that the limit d ose or maximum dose tested in

the submitted oral toxicity studies ( i.e. , 2,000 mg/kg bw) represents the toxicity endpoint. Under

these conditions, the foliar use of fluxapyroxad is not expected to result in acute risk of mortality

to listed or non

- listed species of birds (and reptiles and terrestrial

- phase amphibians for which- Page 58 of 139

- 

### birds serve as surrogates) or mammals because th e resulting RQ values are all less than the acute

risk LOC, i.e ., RQ< 0. 5 for nonlisted species and RQ<0.1 for listed species

.

The RQ values in S ection 4.1 demonstrate that both foliar and seed treatment uses of

fluxapyroxad may result in chronic risk to mammals (RQ > 1.0). RQ values are not calculated for

chronic risk to birds because a statistically significant decrease in hatchling body weight was

ob s erved at all treatment levels in the submitted avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail

. Therefore, the chronic toxicity endpoint for bobwhite quail is nondefinitive ( i.e

., NOAE C < 100

mg ai / kg diet). A ssuming the NOAEC=100 mg ai/kg diet results in RQ s = 1. 14 for foliar

applications

, based on maximum application rate to berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

leafy vegetables (except Brassica), strawberries , and grapes ( Botrytis disease) for short grass,

exceed ing the Agency’s LOC fo r chronic risk to birds (LOC=1.0). Additionally , chronic risk to

birds cannot be precluded with confidence because the submitted data do not establish whether

adverse effects may occur at dietary concentrations less than 100 mg ai/kg diet. In order to

pr eclude risk at the screening level, a NOAEC ≥ 80 mg/kg

- diet would need to be established

, which is unlikely based on the flat concentration

- response for the effect on body weight in the

bobwhite quail study

. The 5

– 7% decrease in hatchling body weight w as transient during the

study and w as not observed in the study with mallard duck. As a result, i t is uncertain whether

and how this effect may impact the fitness of (and therefore risk to) different species and size

classes of birds , reptiles, and terrestr ial

- phase amphibians exposed to fluxapyroxad in the wild.

For the proposed seed treatment uses of fluxapyroxad, t he potential for acute risk to birds is

characterized in Table 4. 1 4 by converting the sub acute dietary toxicity endpoint for bobwhite

quail ( LC 50 

### , from the first experiment conducted under normal laboratory lighting conditions ) to

a subacute oral LD 50 

### value that represents the total a.i. consumed per kilogram body weight (kg

bw) over the 5

- day study. The calculation is performed based on infor mation in the study report,

as follows:

LC 50 

### = 2457 mg a.i./kg diet, correspond s to 561 mg a.i./kg bw/day (reported by the study)

LD 50 

### = 561 mg a.i./kg bw/day x 5 days exposure = 2805 mg a.i./kg bw

The calculated LD 50 

### is then compared to the dose

- based EEC (USEPA 2008 b ) values and the

spatial EECs generated by T

- REX to determine RQ values for risk characterization. Terrestrial

exposure of mammals through consumption of treated seeds is characterized in Table 4. 1 3 using

the conservative assump tion for mammals that the maximum dose tested (2,000 mg/kg bw)

represents the toxicity endpoint (LD 50 

### ) . The toxicity endpoint is then adjusted for the body

weight (bw) of the test specimens (default bw= 178 g for bobwhite quail and 350 g for Norway

rat) an d compared to the estimated exposure per unit area (mg a.i./ft 2 

### ) and per daily dose of

treated seed

, i.e.

, dose

- based EEC in terms of mg a.i./kg bw/day (USEPA 2008 b )

.- Page 59 of 139

- Table 4

. 13

. Characterization of potential risk to terrestrial birds and mammals from consumpti on of treated

seeds , assuming that the limit dose tested in effects studies is the definitive toxicity endpoint.

Use App

Rate

lbs a.i.

/A

(#app) App

Method EECs Toxicity Endpoints Characterizati on

Terrestrial

RQ Values

Spatial

(mg a.i./ft 2 ) Dose

- Based

(mg a.i./kg

bw/d) Animals Acute

Spatial Acute

Dose

Based

Bulb

vegetable

seed

( high rate) 0. 19

(1) Seed 1.96 633 Birds

LD 50 =2,805 mg/kg

- bw

LC 50 = 2,457 mg/kg diet

NOAEC<1 00 mg/kg diet

NOAEL <7.8 mg/kg

- bw 0.05 0.31

530 Mammals

LD 50 > 2 ,000 mg/kg

- bw

NOAEC=1 12 mg/kg diet

NOAEL=1 0 mg/kg

- bw 0.03 0.12

Leafy

vegetable

seed

( medium

rate) 0.08

(1) Seed 0.83 506 Birds

LD 50 =2,805 mg/kg

- bw

LC 50 = 2,457 mg/kg diet

NOAEC<1 00 mg/kg diet

NOAEL <7.8 mg/kg

- bw 0.02 0.25

424 Mammals

LD 50 > 2 ,000 mg/kg

- bw

NOAEC=1 12 mg/kg diet

NOAEL=1 0 mg/kg

- bw 0.01 0.08

Rapeseed

(low rate) 0.0 02

(1) Seed 0. 06 50.6 Birds

LD 50 =2,805 mg/kg

- bw

LC 50 = 2,457 mg/kg diet

NOAEC<1 00 mg/kg diet

NOAEL <7.8 mg/kg

- bw <0.01 0.03

42.4 Mammals

LD 50 > 2 ,000 mg/kg

- bw

NOAEC=1 12 mg/kg diet

NOAEL=1 0 mg/kg

- bw <0.01 0.01

Bold values are RQs that exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC (RQ>0.05) for listed species

.



### The available data indicate that acute mortality to listed mammals is possible, as RQ values

exceed the Agency’s acute risk LOC for bulb and leafy vegetable seeds

. However, for

mammals

, as the LD 50 

### exceed s the limit dose of the study

, there was no mortality observed at

th is limit dose . While there is uncertainty surrounding risk to listed mammals based on sublethal

effects, the sublethal effects observed in the toxicity stud y were not dose dependent and therefore

it is expected that the potential for risk to listed species would be low

.

While t he available data indicate that acute mortality to listed birds is also possible, t he potential

for acute risk to listed species of birds can be further characterized by considering how foraging

ecology affects the potential for exposure. The Nagy allomet ry food ingestion rate of a 20 g bird

is approximately 5 g/day. To consume a mass of fluxapyroxad equivalent to the acute dietary

toxicity endpoint in the submitted study with bobwhite quail, a 20

- g bird would have to consume

40.4 mg a.i., equivalent to 1 6.2 g (0. 035 lbs) of bulb vegetable seed treated at the maximum

proposed application rate (0. 25 lbs a.i./cwt). This is considered an unlikely, though not

impossible, scenario for most species. Smaller, migrating birds that eat seeds are expected to be- Page 60 of 139

- 

### at the highest risk of exposure, since they have higher surface area

- to

- body weight ratios and

they must rapidly refuel energy reserves exhausted during migration (Klassen & Lindstrom

1996). In a short period of time ( e.g. , one day or less), these birds may consume larger amounts

of seeds, relative to body size, in magnitudes that approach or exceed their own body weight.

Nonetheless, given that adult mortality was observed only in one subacute dietary toxicity

experiment with bobwhite quail and at relative ly high concentrations when compared to EECs

, the likelihood of frank mortality is considered low even if a bird did consume the large amount

of treated seed necessary to be exposed to the limit dose.

As the foraging efficiency of a granivore decreases, the area of exposure ( i.e. , treated field)

necessary to exceed the LOC increases. For example, assuming conservatively that the

maximum dose tested in the submitted studies represents the LD 50 

### value for birds, a 20

- g, seed

eating bird with 100% foraging e fficiency ( i.e. , that all of the seeds are treated and that the bird

eats all seeds within a given area) would consume enough fluxapyroxad in a 5

- ft 2 

### area to exceed

the LOC for acute risk to listed species of birds , reptiles and terrestrial

- phase amphibian s . Using

the same assumption, a 20

- g bird would consume enough fluxapyroxad to exceed the acute risk

LOC for listed birds if it displayed 50% foraging efficiency in a 10

- ft 2 

### foraging area, or if it

displayed 10% foraging efficiency within a 50

- ft 2 

### foragin g area. The actual foraging area

necessary to result in mortality to birds at a level equivalent to an LD 50 

### ( i.e. , mortality of 50% of

exposed birds) is likely much greater given that no mortality was observed at the maximum dose

tested

. Additionally, s e ed incorporation would further reduce the likelihood of exposure to birds

and mammals from the proposed seed treatment uses. As the acute spatial RQs for birds in

Table 4.19 are below the acute risk LOC, the potential for acute risk to birds is considered low.

All risk conclusions for birds in this assessment are intended to apply to reptiles and terrestrial

phase amphibians as well.

As with birds and mammals, laboratory based acute toxicity tests with terrestrial invertebrates

( i.e. , honey bee) have demonstrated that fluxapyroxad is practically non

- toxic on an acute contact

and acute oral exposure basis . However, two of the fluxa p yroxad end

- use products (BAS 703 01

F and BAS 703 02 F) proposed for registration are co

- formulated with pyraclostrobin and are

similar in that respect to the registered product, Pristine  

### , which is a dual

- a.i. formulation from

the same registrant that contains the similarly structured fungicide boscalid (25.2%) and

pyraclostrobin (12.8%). Previous risk ass essments for boscalid (DP Barcodes D363523,

D379809, D385653) , which

– like fluxapyroxad

– is a pyridine carboxamide, have described

uncertainties regarding potential effects on development of honey bee brood, based on incident

reports and communications w ith beekeepers. Submitted toxicity studies indicate that neither

fluxapyroxad, any of its end

- use products proposed for registration in the United States, nor

boscalid or Pristine  

### are acutely toxic to young adult honey bees. In addition, submitted semi

field studies for fluxapyroxad ( BAS 700 00 F, a formulation of fluxapyroxad not proposed for

US registration , and BAS 703 01 F, a formulation with fluxapyroxad and pyraclostrobin ) and

with a similar fungicide formulation Pristine  

### demonstrated no overall e ffects on honey bee

brood, although EFED identified transient effects on eggs, larvae, and forage bee mortality in the

study with Pristine  

### (DP Barcode 390033)

. Although honey bee queen breeders have expressed

concerns regarding the potential effects of Pristine  

### on queen development, studies conducted of

the formulated product under semi

- field condtions (DP Barcode D408124) have not

demonstrated any significant effect on queen development.- Page 61 of 139

- 

### Finally, the proposed new use s of fluxapyroxad are expected to result in risk to listed non

- target

terrestrial plants. RQ values for listed species of dicot plants exceed the Agency’s LOC for all of

the foliar uses evaluated except for curcurbits, grapes (not Botrytis disease), root vegetables, and

sorghum and millet

. Of the six dicot species tested in the vegetative vigor study with BAS 703

02 (Priaxor ® 

### ) , only the tomato , based on inhibition of dry weight, demonstrated a significant

effect. However, the same formulation (BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor ® 

### ] ) significantly inhib ited

cabbage (dry weight), carrot (emergence), and lettuce (height) in the seedling emergence study.

Thus, any effects on non

- target dicot plants are likely to differ based on both species and route of

exposure. RQ values for listed species of monocot pl ants are below the LOC for all foliar uses.

RQ values are not calculate d for nonlisted terrestrial plants because a 25% effect was not

observed in any species exposed to fluxpayroxad at rates up to and including the maximum

proposed application rate; ther efore, the likelihood of adverse effects to nonlisted plants i s

considered to be low

. RQ values based on seed treatment uses exceed the LOC at proposed use

rate s above 0.055 lbs a.i. /A ( e.g. , bulb vegetables, leafy vegetables, and rice) evaluated for listed

species of dicot plants in semi

- aquatic areas, but are below the LOC for all other nontarget

plants

. Risk estimates are sensitive to parameters such as incorporation depth of the seeds and

seeding rate; in cases where seeds are incorporated greater than or equal to one inch, potential

exposure via runoff is expected to be reduced, and risk would not exceed the LOC. It is

uncertain to what extent exposure may occur via particulate drift from abrasion of treated seeds

during planting and how this typ e of exposure may affect risk to non

- target organisms.

4.2.3. Conclusions

The risk hypothesis and concep tual models articulated in the initial problem formulation of this

assessment identified concerns that the proposed uses of fluxapyroxad may result in advers e

effects on survival, growth and/or reproduction in aquatic organisms

, and that the compound

may pose a chronic risk to small birds, terrestrial

- phase amphibians and reptiles

, and to all size

classes of mammals. Although fluxapyroxad was not expected to pose a risk to aquatic plants or

to terrestrial monocots, the problem formulation indicated that there was uncertainty regarding

the potential effects of the compound on terrestrial dicots through runoff and spray drift.

Based on this screening

- level asse ssment, t he physic o

- chemical properties of fluxapyroxad

indicate that the fungicide is persistent and has a potential to reach aquatic environments for

several months or more following foliar applicat ion s and seed treatments . Although available

ecotoxicit y data demonstrate that fluxapyroxad is acutely toxic to aquatic organisms and may

cause chronic effects, including effects linked to reproduction and sublethal behavioral effects in

some aquatic test species, the surface water EECs that result from the pr oposed foliar and seed

treatment use s , except for rice, are relatively low and the resulting risk estimates for the TGAI

are below LOCs

. For rice, while the acute and chronic RQs exceed the listed LOCs, the

probability that listed species inhabit rice paddies is considered low; hence, the risk to listed

species is considered low. Therefore, based on the maximum proposed use rates, the potential

for exposure to the fluxapyroxad TGAI in surface water at a level that is l ikely to cause direct

acute or chronic effects on aquatic organisms, including fish, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic

- phase

amphibians, and aquatic plants

, is considered low

. Acceptable chronic toxicity data for

estuarine/marine animals were not available. Additional studi es were not requested because- Page 62 of 139

- 

### estuarine/marine animals were similarly or less acutely sensitive to the TGAI than freshwater

animals in the acute studies; when considered in the context of the relatively low EECs, new data

would be unlikely to change the screening

- level risk conclusions. Despite the persistence of

fluxapyroxad

, its propensity to partition to sediments, its K

ow 

### and the available fish

biocencentration data indicate that fluxapyroxad does not bioconcentrate but is instead read ily

metabolized and excreted in fish . There is greater uncertainty about the extent to which

fluxapyroxad may persist and/or bioconcentrate in aquatic invertebrates, which may be more or

less able to metabolize the parent compound. However, additional biococentration and

bioaccumulation modeling is not triggered in this case because of the chemical’s relatively l ow

K

ow 

### .

F ormulated fluxapyroxad is in some cases more toxic than the TGAI to aquati c organisms.

Exposure to dual

- a.i. formulations of fluxapyroxad (BAS 703 01 F [Merivon ® 

### ], BAS 703 02 F

[Priaxor ® 

### ] , and Lexicon ) as a result of spray drift may result in ac ute mortality of listed

freshwater fish

, aquatic

- phase amphibians

, and freshwater invertebrates. Certain proposed uses

of BAS 703 01 F [Merivon ® 

### ] (berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables, grapes, and leafy

vegetables), BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor ® 

### ] (bulb vege tables, cucurbits, grapes, and root vegetables),

and the proposed use of Lexicon on turf also result in acute RQ values that exceed the LOC for

nonlisted freshwater fish. Spray drift

- based EECs for the proposed uses of co

- formula ted

fluxapyroxad range fro m 0.87 to 8.71 μ g/L. Although toxicity data for estuarine/marine animals

exposed to formulated fluxapyroxad were not submitted, freshwater and estuarine/marine

organisms generally exhibited similar responses to the TGAI; therefore, this assessment

concludes that there is a potential for acute mortality of estuarine/marine animals when the

proposed use of BAS 703 01 F [Merivon ® 

### ], BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor ® 

### ] , or Lexicon results in spray

drift to estuarine/marine habitat. The greater toxic ity of the dual a.i. formulations to fish and

invertebrates, when compared to the fluxapyroxad TGAI and formulations containing

fluxapyroxad as the only active ingredient , appears to be driven by pyraclostrobin.

Terrestrial vertebrates may be exposed to fluxapyroxad by contact with or ingestion of treated

plants and insects . Seed

- eating (granivore) birds and mammals may also be exposed to

fluxapyroxad as a result of the proposed seed treatment use. This assessment concludes that the

proposed foliar and seed treatment use s of fluxapyroxad may result in chronic risk to mammals

that exceed the Agency’s LOC. Chronic risk to birds, reptiles, and terrestrial

- phase amphibians

cannot be precluded with certainty based on the available data

, which demonstrated a slight (5

- 7%) and transient ( < 14 day), but statistically significant (p<0.05) , effect on body weight in

hatchling birds at all test concentrations. Th is effect was uniform across all test concentrations

(100

- 1,000 mg/kg diet) and although it does not app ear to be dose

- responsive, it is consistent

with effects on body weight and body weight gain in rat pups (NOAEC=112 mg/kg diet) in a

two

- generation reproduction study with mammals. In order to preclude chronic risk ( i.e.

, ensure

RQ<1) to birds, reptiles, and terrestrial

- phase amphibians , based on the proposed uses, a n avian

reproduction study would need to establish that no adverse effects , including effects on hatchling

body weight, are observed at concentrations greater than or equal to 80 mg/kg diet. G iven the

flat concentration

- response in this case, EFED considers it unlikely that an additional study

would yield a NOAEC that would allow risk to be precluded at the screening level

.- Page 63 of 139

- 

### Based on EECs and the available ecotoxicity data, t he likelihood of ac ute mortality to mammals,

birds, reptiles and terrestrial

- phase amphibians is considered low

.

The proposed foliar use of fluxapyroxad may result in risk to listed species of terrestrial and

semi

- aquatic dicot plants, but risk to monocot plants and nonlisted dicot plants is not expected to

exceed the LOC.

This assessment does not evaluate risk to terrestrial invertebrates. However, ecotoxicity data

indicate that fluxpyroxad is practically non

- toxic to young adult honey bees on an acute oral and

con tact exposure basis. While, n on

- guideline studies with beneficial insects (predatory mite,

parasitoid wasp, green lacewing , rove beetle ) and with earthworms demonstrated effects on

reproduction and resulted in mortality in some cases

, submitted semi

- field studies for

fluxapyroxad (BAS 700 00 F, a formulation of fluxapyroxad not proposed for US registration,

and BAS 703 01 F, a formulation with fluxapyroxad and pyraclostrobin) demonstrated no overall

effects on honey bee brood (MRIDs 47923749 and 48812702)

. Although honey bee queen

breeders have expressed concerns regarding the potential effects of a similar fungicide

formulation Pristine  

### on queen development, studies conducted of th is formulated product under

semi

- field condtions have not demonstrated any significant effect on queen development (DP

Barcode 408124 ).



## 5. Federally Threatened and Endangered (Listed) Species of Concern

Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. Section 1536(a)(2), requires all federal

agencies to consult with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) for marine and

anadromous listed species, and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USF WS) for listed

wildlife and freshwater organisms, if the proposed "action" may affect listed species or their

designated critical habitat. Each federal agency is required under the Act to ensure that any

action it authorize s , fund s , or carr ies out is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of a

listed species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitat.

To jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species means "to engage in an action that

reasonably w ould be expected, directly or indirectly, to reduce appreciably the likelihood of both

the survival and recovery of a listed species in the wild by reducing the reproduction, numbers,

or distribution of the species" (50 C.F.R. § 402.02).

To facilitate com pliance with the requirements of the Endangered Species Act (subsection

(a)(2)), the Office of Pesticide Programs has established procedures to evaluate whether a

proposed registration action may directly or indirectly appreciably reduce the likelihood of both

the survival and recovery of a listed species in the wild by reducing the reproduction, numbers,

or distributi on of any listed species (USEPA 2004 a ). After the Agency’s screening

- level risk

assessment is conducted, if any of the Agency’s listed speci es LOCs are exceeded for either

direct or indirect effects, an analysis is conducted to determine if any listed or candidate species

may co

- occur in the area of the proposed pesticide use or areas downstream or downwind that

could be contaminated from drif t or runoff/erosion. If listed or candidate species may be present

in the proposed action area, further biological assessment is undertaken. The extent to which- Page 6 4 of 139

- 

### listed species may be at risk is considered, which then determines the need for the developme nt

of a more comprehensive consultation package, as required by the Endangered Species Act.

The federal action addressed herein is the proposed registration of new foliar and seed treatment

use s for fluxapyroxad

. It is expected that the new use s of fluxapyroxad could occur nationwide

.

5.1. Action Area

For listed species assessment purposes, the action area is considered to be the area affected

directly or indirectly by fluxapyroxad use and not merely the immediate area where

fl uxapyroxad is applied. At the initial screening

- level, the risk assessment considers broadly

described taxonomic groups and conservatively assumes that listed species within those broad

groups are co

- located with the pesticide treatment area. This means that terrestrial plants and

wildlife are assumed to be located on or adjacent to the treated site and aquatic organisms are

assumed to be located in a surface water body adjacent to the treated site. The assessment also

assumes that the listed species are located within an assumed area, which has the relatively

highest potential exposure to the pesticide, and that exposures are likely to decrease with

distance from the treatment area

. Section 5.2 o f this risk assessment presents the proposed

pesticide use sites that are used to establish initial co

- location of species with treatment areas.

5.2. Taxonomic Groups Potentially at Risk

If the assumptions associated with the screening

- level action area result in RQs that are below

the listed species LOCs, a "no eff ect" determination conclusion is made with respect to listed

species in that taxa, and no further refinement of the action area is necessary. Furthermore, RQs

below the listed species LOCs for a given taxonomic group indicate no concern for indirect

effec ts on listed species that depend upon the taxonomic group for which the RQ was calculated.

However, in situations where the screening assumptions lead to RQs in excess of the listed

species LOCs for a given taxonomic group, a potential for a "may affect" conclusion exists and

may be associated with direct effects on listed species belonging to that taxonomic group or may

extend to indirect effects upon listed species that depend upon that taxonomic group as a

resource. In such cases, additional informatio n on the biology of listed species, the locations of

these species, and the locations of use sites are considered to determine the extent to which

screening assumptions regarding an action area apply to a particular listed organism. These

subsequent refin ement steps will consider how this information would impact the action area for

a particular listed organism and potentially include areas of exposure that are downwind and

downstream of the pesticide use site.

Assessment endpoints, exposure pathways, the conceptual models addressing the proposed new

fluxapyroxad use s , and the associated exposure and effects analyses conducted for the

fluxapyroxad screening

- level risk assessment are in Sections 2 to 3

. The asses sment endpoints

used in the screening

- level risk assessment include those defined operationally as reduced

survival and reproductive impairment for both aquatic and terrestrial animal species and survival,

reproduction, and growth of non

- target aquatic and terrestrial plant species from exposure via

spray drift and runoff . These assessment endpoints address the standard set forth in the

Endangered Species Act requiring federal agencies to ensure that any action it authorize s does- Page 65 of 139

- 

### not appreciably reduce the likelihood of both the survival and recovery of a listed species in the

wild by reducing the reproduction, numbers, or distribution of the species. Risk estimates (RQ

value s) integrating exposure and effects are calculated for broad

- based taxonomic groups in the

screening

- level risk assessment and are presented in Section 4

.

Both acute and chronic risk to listed species LOCs are considered in the screening

- level risk

assessment to identify direct and indirect effects to taxa of listed species. This section identifies

direct and indirect effect concerns, by taxa, that are triggered by exceeding listed species LOCs

in the screening

- level risk assessment ( Table 5.1 ). When applicable, probit dose response

analysis is used to evaluate the probability of individual acute effects for exposures that occur at

the established listed species LOC ( Section 5.2.1 ) . Data on exposure and effects collected under

field (when available) and laboratory conditions are evaluated to make determinations on the

predictive utility of the direct effect screening assessment findings to listed species.

Table 5

. 1 Potential effects to federally listed taxa associated with the proposed use s of fluxapyroxad

.

Listed Taxon Direct Eff ects Indirect Effects from Risk to Other Taxa

Yes/No Acute/Chronic Yes/No Through ...

Terrestrial and semi

aquatic plants

–

monocots and dicots Yes

(dicots

only) NA Yes C hronic effects on birds , terrestrial

- phase

amphibians, and mammals, when required

for pollination or seed dispersal.

Birds Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as

prey; chronic effects on reptiles and

amphibians that serve as prey.

Terrestrial

- phase

amphibians Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals which provide

habitat ( e.g. , burrows) and serve as prey.

Reptiles Yes Chronic Yes Chronic effects on mammals that serve as

prey; chronic effects on birds, reptiles, and

amphibians that serve as prey.

Mammals Yes Chronic Yes C hronic effects on birds, reptiles, and

amphibians that serve as prey; chronic

effects on mammals that serve as prey.

Aquatic plants No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

serve as primary producers.

Freshwater fish Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Aquatic

- phase

amphibians Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Chronic effects on terrestrial

- phase

amphibians; effects on semi

- aquatic dicot

plants that provide habitat and serve as

primary producers.

Freshwater invertebrates Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Molluscs No NA Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Marine/estuarine fish Yes Acute Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that- Page 66 of 139

- Listed Taxon Direct Eff ects Indirect Effects from Risk to Other Taxa

Yes/No Acute/Chronic Yes/No Through ...

( dual a.i. EP s only) provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

Marine/estuarine

invertebrates Yes Acute

( dual a.i. EP s only) Yes Effects on semi

- aquatic dicot plants that

provide habitat and serve as primary

producers.

EP End

- use product. NA Not applicable.



### 5.2.1. Probit Dose

- Response Analysis

The Agency uses the probit dose

- response relationship as a tool for providing additional

information on the potential for acute direct effects to individual listed species and to terrestrial

and aquat ic animals that may indirectly affect the listed species of concern (USEPA 2004 a ).

Based on the available acute toxicity data and RQ values for fluxapyroxad , a summary of the

probit dose

- response analysis is provided in Table 5.2 . If no dose

- response information is

available to estimate a slope for this analy sis, a default slope assumption of 4.5 (with lower and

upper bounds of 2 to 9) is used (Urban and Cook 1986). Individual effect probabil ities are

calculated based on a Microsoft ® 

### Excel spreadsheet tool IECV1.1 (Individual Effect Chance

Model Version 1.1) developed by the U.S. EPA, OPP, Environmental Fate and Effects Division

(June 22, 2004). The model allows for such calculations by entering the mean slope estimate

(and the 95% confidence bounds of that estimate) as the slope parameter for the spreadsheet

. The desired threshold for the probability of an individual effect is entered as the listed species

LOC. In addition, the probability of an individual effect is also derived based on the calculated

acute RQ, if available.

As shown in Table 5.2 , t he chance of acute direct effects ( i.e. , mortality) to individual listed fish

at the listed species LOC is 1 in 4.18 x 10 8 

### (95% CI: 216 to 1.75 x 10 31 

### ). However, at the highest

derived RQ value ( 1.94 ; Table 4. 6 ) for the proposed uses of dual a.i. formulation s of

fluxapyroxad, the chances of an individual effect increase for fish to approximately 1 in 1

. For

freshwater invertebrates, t he chance of acute direct effects ( i.e. , mortality) at the listed species

LOC is 1 in 8.19 x 10 31 

### (95% CI: 1.66 x 10 13 

### to 5.5 8 x 10 61 

### ). At th e highest derived RQ value

(1.05 ; Table 4. 6 ) for dual a.i. formulations of fluxapyroxad , the chances increase to 1 in 2

. These probabilities are based on exposure to formulated fluxapyroxad (BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor  

### ] )

in surface water from spray drift only. In the absence of ecotoxicity data for estuarine/marine

animals exposed to formulated fluxapyroxad, this assessment assumes that the likelihood of an

individual effect for these taxa is similar to that for freshwater fish and inver tebrates. The

likelihood of an individual acute effect is not calculated for acute oral exposure to birds and

mammals because an effect is considered unlikely.- Page 67 of 139

- Table 5

. 2

. Summary of fluxapyroxad probit dose response analysis for listed species.

Taxa (study type) Acute Effect

Slope (95% C.I.) Chance of Individual

Effect at Listed Species

LOC (95% C.I.) Chance of Individual

Effect at Derived Acute

RQ 1 (95% C.I.)

Bird oral dose No mortality observed Not calculated; no

mortality observed Not calculated; no

mortality observed

Bird dietary Mortality 1

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 2.94 x 10 5

(1 in 44 to

1 in 8.86 x 10 18 ) 1 in 2.76 x 10 11

(1 in 862 to

1 in 2.14 x 10 42 )

Mammal oral dose No mortality observed Not calculated; no

mortality observed Not calculated; no

mortality observed

Freshwater fish Mortality 2

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8

(1 in 216 to

1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 2.76 x 10 11

(1 in 862 to

1 in 2.14 x 10 42 )

Mortality (dual a.i. EPs) 3

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8

(1 in 216 to

1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 2.07

(1 in 2.03

to 1 in 2.13)

Freshwater invertebrate Mortality 4

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8

(1 in 216 to

1 in 1

. 75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18

(1 in 31.6 x 10 4 to

1 in 1.03 x 10 72 )

Mortality (dual a.i. EPs) 5

Slope 9.1 (5.7

– 13) 1 in 8.19 x 10 31

(1 in 1.66 x 10 13 to

1 in 5.58 x 10 63 ) 1 in 165

(1 in 17.2 to

1 in 5,920)

Estuarine/marine fish Mortality 6

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8

(1 in 216 to

1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18

(1 in 3.16 x 10 4 to

1 in 1.03 x 10 72 )

Estuarine/marine

crustacean Mortality 6

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8

(1 in 216 to

1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18

(1 in 3.16 x 10 4 to

1 in 1.03 x 10 72

Estuarine/marine mollusc Mortality 6

Slope NA = 4.5 ( 2

– 9 ) 1 in 4.18 x 10 8

(1 in 216 to

1 in 1.75 x 10 31 ) 1 in 8.86 x 10 18

(1 in 3.16 x 10 4 to

1 in 1.03 x 10 72

1 Maximum acute dietary RQ = 0.03 (birds).

2 Based on exposure to the TGAI. Maximum acute RQ (0.03) did not exceed the LOC.

3 Based on exposure to the fluxpyroxad EP (BAS 703 02 F). Maximum acute RQ used in calculation (0.98) is

based on spray drift from application to stone fruit.

4 Based on exposure to the TGAI. Maximum acute RQ (<0.01) did not exceed the LOC.

5 Based on exposure to the fluxpyroxad EP (BAS 703 02 F). Maximum acute RQ used in calculation (0.53) is based

on spray drift from application to stone fruit.

6 Based on exposure to the TGA I. Maximum acute RQ (0.01) did not exceed the LOC.

EP End

- use product. NA Not available.



### 5.2.2. Listed Species Occurrence with Proposed New Use of Fluxapyroxad

A preliminary analysis of the co

- occurrence of listed species and the proposed new uses of

fluxapyroxad was conducted using OPP’s LOCATES database (v. 2. 2

. 5 ). The goal of the

analysis for co

- location is to determine whether sites of pesticide use are geographically

associated with known locations of listed species. The objective is to provide insight into the

potential for exposure of listed species and to identify those areas, crop uses, and listed species

that warrant further attention. The LOCATES database uses location information for listed

species at the county level and compares it to a gricultural census data for crop production at the

same county level of resolution. The product is a listing of federally

- listed species that are

located within counties known to produce the crops upon which the pesticide is proposed for use.- Page 68 of 139

- 

### Appendix E provides a species listing by state for those listed species that may potentially be

impacted by the proposed new uses of fluxapyroxad

.

A tabulation of the number of unique listed species in each state that may co

- occur with the

proposed new use of fluxap yroxad as a seed treatment on rapeseed is provided in Table 5. 3

. Although this assessment does not evaluate risk to terrestrial invertebrates, t errestrial

invertebrates are included in the tabulation of species that may co

- occur with areas of

fluxapyroxad use. Secondary effects may occur in predatory birds, reptiles, amphibians, and

mammals that rely on mammals, birds, reptiles, or terrestrial amphibians as prey. LOCATES

does not currently differentiate between different feeding guilds or identify those plant species

that require particular interactions for pollination or seed dispersal. Therefore, the number of

potentially affected listed mammals, birds (also reptiles and terrestrial

- phase amphibians), and

terrestrial plants may be overestimated and inc lude species that are not likely to be indirectly

affected if they do not (1) rely on mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, or seeds as prey or (2)

require mammals or birds for pollination or seed dispersal.

Based on the results of the LOCATES database qu ery, there are a total of 2,231 unique listed

species of terrestrial plants, birds, reptiles, terrestrial and aquatic

- phase amphibians, mammals,

and terrestrial invertebrates associated with counties where fluxapyroxad may be used

nationwide based on the p roposed uses . A total of 5 3 states and territories have listed species

that are potentially affected by direct or secondary effects of fluxapyroxad exposure and are

associated with crops where fluxapyroxad is proposed for use

. Hawaii has the highest numb er

( 400 ) of listed species in the identified taxa that may co

- occur with the proposed fluxapyroxad

uses, followed by California ( 29 4 ), Alabama ( 111 )

, and Florida ( 109 ). It should be noted that the

labels for the proposed uses indicate that the products are not registered for use in California.

This preliminary analysis indicates that there is potential for fluxapyroxad use to overlap with

listed species and that a more refined assessment is warranted. The more refined assessment

should involve clear de lineation of the action area associated with proposed uses of fluxapyroxad

and the best available information on the temporal and spatial co

- location of listed species with

respect to the action area. This analysis has not been conducted for this screenin g level

assessment.- Page 69 of 139

- Table 5

. 3

. Tabulation by state and taxonomic group of listed species at potential risk of direct or secondary effects of proposed fluxap yroxad uses.

StateAmphibiansBirdsConiferCoralsCrustaceansandBivalvesDicot PlantsFernsand LichensFishOtherInvertebratesMammalsMonocot PlantsReptilesTotal per State

Alabama 2 4 47 13 3 15 14 5 4 4 111

Alaska 2 5 7

Arizona 2 6 16 19 3 8 2 2 58

Arkansas 1 4 12 6 7 2 4 1 37

California 6 15 2 8 161 21 26 30 18 7 294

Colorado 5 13 6 2 3 1 30

Connecticut 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 9

Delaware 1 1 1 1 1 5

Florida 2 12 1 2 15 48 1 4 4 11 3 6 109

Georgia 2 6 1 17 15 3 8 2 5 6 2 67

Guam 5 1 2 4 12

Hawaii 29 1 271 16 61 2 20 400

Idaho 4 5 4 4 1 18

Illinois 2 9 7 2 3 2 2 27

Indiana 1 9 4 2 2 1 1 20

Iowa 2 4 3 3 1 1 2 16

Kansas 3 1 1 5 1 2 1 14

Kentucky 6 24 9 6 1 4 50

Louisiana 3 3 2 1 3 3 2 17

Maine 2 1 2 2 2 9

Maryland 1 1 5 1 2 2 2 1 15

Massachusetts 2 1 1 1 3 1 2 2 13

Michigan 2 4 4 1 4 3 3 1 22

Minnesota 1 4 2 1 1 1 2 12- Page 70 of 139

- StateAmphibiansBirdsConiferCoralsCrustaceansandBivalvesDicot PlantsFernsand LichensFishOtherInvertebratesMammalsMonocot PlantsReptilesTotal per State

Mississippi 1 4 10 2 1 4 5 5 32

Missouri 1 1 9 7 6 2 3 1 30

Montana 3 2 3 3 1 12

Nebraska 4 2 3 2 2 2 15

Nevada 2 9 22 2 1 1 1 38

New Hampshire 1 1 1 1 1 2 7

New Jersey 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 12

New Mexico 1 5 2 13 13 6 5 1 46

New York 2 3 5 1 1 2 1 2 1 18

North Carolina 4 8 21 1 5 3 7 5 2 56

North Dakota 3 2 2 1 8

Northern 5 1 6

Ohio 1 8 4 1 3 1 2 1 21

Oklahoma 6 3 4 1 3 2 1 20

Oregon 4 1 14 14 2 3 2 40

Pennsylvania 1 6 1 2 1 11

Puerto Rico 3 8 2 33 7 1 6 6 66

Rhode Island 2 1 1 1 1 1 7

South Carolina 1 6 1 13 2 1 1 6 1 32

South Dakota 4 2 3 1 1 1 12

Tennessee 3 42 15 2 20 4 3 2 91

Texas 4 12 1 26 9 20 6 3 81

Utah 3 23 8 1 3 2 1 41

Vermont 1 1 2 2 6- Page 71 of 139

- StateAmphibiansBirdsConiferCoralsCrustaceansandBivalvesDicot PlantsFernsand LichensFishOtherInvertebratesMammalsMonocot PlantsReptilesTotal per State

Virgin Islands 2 2 1 5

Virginia 1 3 25 13 8 4 5 4 1 64

Washington 4 9 6 1 8 1 29

West Virginia 1 7 4 1 2 2 17

Wisconsin 2 5 5 2 2 2 18

Wyoming 1 3 3 6 3 2 18- Page 72 of 139

- 

## 6. Additional Description of Assumptions, Limitations, Uncertainties,

Strengths and Data Gaps

Aquatic Exposure

The labels specify that, for multiple applications of fluxapyroxad, no more than two applications

should be made consecutively before alternating to a fungicide with a different mode of action.

For several of the use scenarios, three and four applications of fluxapyroxad were modeled as

consecutive applications without consideration of using a second fungicide. The Tier I model

used for estimating aquatic exposure, GENEEC, does not have the capability to model multiple

applications with varying retreatment intervals. While higher tier model ing such as with PRZM

and EXAMS does allow for varying retreatment intervals, as the labels do not specify a

particular alternative to be used for multiple applications, it is uncertain how long the re treatment

interval between applications 2 and 3 should be . The employed approach is expected to

overestimate chronic aquatic concentrations , but given fluxapyroxad’s persistence, the potential

overestimation is expected to be s light

.

The GENEEC model was used to generate EECs for seed treatments

. These EECs are probably

very conservative, particularly when assuming a depth of incorporation of 0 cm. Larger seeds

would likely be planted at soil depth s where pesticide transport to the surface for entrai nment

into runoff or for consumption by terrestrial species would presumably be lessened

. To the

extent that this is the case , GENEEC EECs for seed treatments may overestimate aquatic

cocnentrations

.

Risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to fluxapyroxa d was estimated using GENEEC

- based

EECs. GENEEC does not a ccount for year

- to

- year accumulation of pesticides in aquatic

ecosystems with repeated annual applications

, such as might occur in static or slowly

- moving

water bodies, particularly given fluxapyro xad’s persistence . GENEEC is a single

- event model

that assumes a large rainfall/runoff event occurs

, which transports a lar ge quantity of pesticide

from a field to an adjacent water body

. Longer

- term, multiple

- day average concentration s are

calculated ba sed on the peak concentration, and considering any subsequent degradation

. As a

consequence , GENEEC may underestimate concentration s in relatively static water bodies where

fluxapyroxad is applied to the contributing drainage area over many consecutive years. In lotic

ecosystems this is not an issue

.

Risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to fluxapyroxad end

- products was estimated using

PRZM/EXAMS EECs

, considering only spray drift. The standard pond simulat ed with EXAMS

is a static water body of fixed volume and no outlet ( i.e. , no discharge)

. T he linked PRZM and

EXAMS models are ordinarily used to simulate daily weather

- driven runoff and spray drift from

a treated agricultural field over a thirty year time span . Each new addition a l load of pesticide to

the water

- body contributes to the total mass present, which includes pesticide remaining after

having been delivered by previous previous runoff and/ or spray

- drift events

. Especially

persistent pesticides may thus accumulate essenti ally without bound. F luxapyroxad is

sufficiently persistent in aquatic environments that accumulation occurs essentially continuously

over the 30 simulated years. T he “ 1

- in

- 10 year ” EECs obtained from the model runs thus do not- Page 73 of 139

- 

### reflect randomly varying m eteorological conditions and a n associated one

- in

- ten year return

frequency , since annual maximum concentrations are not independent of each other, but rather

are serially correlated

. For this reason , PRZM/EXAMS results potentially overestimate aquatic

EECs for all static water bodies. Even for static waters the model results are conservative

, since

over the course of thirty years some loss of fluxapyroxad would be expected due to burial of

sediment and other dissipation processes not simulated by the m odels

. F luxapyroxad

concentrations in flowing ( e.g. , lotic) water s are not expected to substantially accumulate from

year to year because of advective and dispersive removal processes. Thus risk s to freshwater

fish and invertebrates from accumulation of fluxapyroxad due to multiple years of application

are not expected in flowing systems.

The Tier I Rice model was used to estimate EECs for aquatic organisms that may use rice

paddies as habitat. While th is screening

- level model is designed to conservativ ely estimate

EECs, t he acute EEC is within an order of magnitude of concentrations observed in the aquatic

field dissipation study designed to mimic rice applications. C ultur al practices including rice and

freshwater fish and invertebrates together ha ve b een documented (LSU AgCenter, 2007), but it is

uncertain whether any listed species would be found in, and therefore exposed to water

concentrations in, rice paddies. While the Tier I Rice model does not account for pesticide

degradation, given fluxapyrox ad’s persistence in soil and aquatic environments, the chronic

concentration is expected to be similar in magnitude to the acute concentration.

Terrestrial Exposure

Supervised field trials with legume vegetables, sunflower, canola, and sugar beet indicat e that

mean residues of fluxapyroxad declined by approximately half in the three

- to

- four weeks (21 to

28 days) following application, while field trials indicate that fluxapyroxad was more persistent

on cereal crops ( e.g. , rice, barley, bulb vegetables, fruiting vegetables, grapes, root vegetables,

strawberries, and wheat), with residues in these matrices declining only slightly or remaining the

same for the duration of the trial (30 days). Field trials for brassica, berries, and cucumbe rs had

mixed results, with some trials indicating a more rapid decline in fluxapyroxad, with a decline to

half of the residue in 3

- 7 days, while some trials indicated no decline over a 7

- day period.

Therefore, the default foliar dissipation value of 35 da ys used in estimating terrestrial exposure

may underestimate or overestimate persistence depeneding on the crop. It is uncertain whether

fluxapyroxad residues will accumulate in the terrestrial environment following repeated use over

multiple seasons or y ears. However, even based upon the default foliar dissipation value

, at the

maximum proposed application rate, even a single application of fluxpyroxad would result in an

RQ value that exceeds the Agency’s LOC for chronic risk to mammals.

The potential e ffects of the formulated product BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] on seedling emergence

of terrestrial plants are uncertain because of potential adjuvant inter ference in results for onion

(the most sensitive monocot species), cabbage (the most sensitive dicot specie s), and tomato.

Although no effects greater than 25% were observed in that study, the NOAEL values from that

study we re the most sensitive endpoints for terrestrial plant seedling emergence from any of the

submitted studies and we re used in risk estimatio n for fluxapyroxad. However, the uncertainty

regarding potential adjuvant effects on these species and endpoints reduces confidence in the risk

conclusions that are based upon these endpoints.- Page 74 of 139

- 

### Acute risk to birds from seed treatment uses may potentially be overestimated

. In order to reach

the equivalent to the acute dietary toxicity endpoint, the amount of seed needed to be consumed

by birds feeding exclusively on treated seed is equivalent to 16.2 g, or more than three times the

normal amount of seed in gested by a 20 g bird (the Nagy allometry food ingestion rate is

approximately 5 g/day). While smaller, migrating birds may consume large amounts of seeds, in

magnitudes that approach or exceed their own body weight, in a short period of time ( e.g ., one

d ay or less), the likelihood of frank mortality is considered low given the acute endpoint is much

higher than the EECs

.

Exposure from seed treatment uses is likely to be overestimated for scenarios where seeds are

incorporated. Seed incorporation would reduce the transport via runoff to non

- target plants and

surface water and would further reduce the likelihood of seed con sumption by birds and

mammals.

Data Gaps

There are no fate data gaps for fluxapyroxad. It should be noted that l ow carbon dioxide ( CO 2 

### )

levels were observed in the aerobic soil metabolism studies , along with a lack of transformation

product formation (MRID 47923684). These observations

, c oupled with the fact that

fluxapyroxad is moderately to slightly mobile, indicate that the estimated aerobic soil half

- life

values may be more representative of sorption rat her than of biotransformation. If this is the

case, then o ver time, repeated use of fluxapyroxad could result in saturation of soil sorption sites,

resulting in greater potential for runoff of fluxapyroxad than is accounted for in EFED’s models

.

There ar e no acceptable chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine fish or aquatic invertebrates.

The submitted life cycle study with mysid shrimp was classified as invalid, and no other chronic

studies have been submitted. An ecological risk assessment conducte d in 2012 (DP Barcode

376883, March 2012) lists numerous other studies that are classified as supplemental based on

meaningful guideline deviations and/or uncertainty regarding the study results. Specifically, the

early life stage test with freshwater fis h, three spiked sediment toxicity tests with benthic

invertebrates, three toxicity tests with nonvascular aquatic plants, the acute oral toxicity test with

zebra finch, the avian reproduction study with bobwhite quail, and the seedling emergence test

with BAS 703 02 F [Priaxor] are each classified as supplemental. However, additional data are

not being requested for these studies at this time because such data would be unlikely to impact

the screening level risk conclusions based on the currently proposed uses.



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Malinsky, D. (2010) Aerobic Soil Metabolism of (Carbon 14)

- BAS 700 F on US Soils: Final Report. Project

Number: 2009/7003246/ocr, 002/57/01//US/319649, 2009/7003246. Unpublished study prepared by BASF

Agricultural Research Cente r. 139 p.

MRID: 47923688

Malinsky, D. (2010) Anaerobic Soil Metabolism of (Carbon 14)

- BAS 700 F on US Soil: Final Report. Project

Number: 2009/7003247/ocr, //SubNo/201002/56/01, 2009/7003247. Unpublished study prepared by BASF

Agricultural Research Ce nter. 131 p.

MRID: 47923690

Hassink, J. (2009) Soil Photolysis of BAS 700 F. Project Number: 2009/1013342/US/ocr, EU/314704,

2009/1013342. Unpublished study prepared by BASF SE. 42 p.

MRID: 47923691

Ta, C. (2010) Rate of Degradation of BAS 700 F in Soils: Final Report. Project Number: 2009/7006123/ocr,

//SubNo/201002/37/01, 209/7006123. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center

and Agvise, Inc. 133 p.- Page 77 of 139

- MRID: 47923695

Jordan, J.; Warren, R. (2010) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F Following Applications of BAS 700 AC F

in Legumes. Project Number: 2009/7006030/ocr, //SubNo/201003/03/01, 2009/7006030. Unpublished

study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 293 p.

MRID: 47923696

Jordan, J.; Warren , R. (2010) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F Following Applications of BAS 700 AC F

or BAS 700 AE F in Vegetable Use Patterns. Project Number: 2009/7006032/ocr, //SubNo/201003/02/01,

2009/7006032. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 756 p.

MRID: 47923697

Jordan, J. (2010) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F Following Applications of BAS 700 AC F in Orchard

and Vineyard Use Patterns. Project Number: 2009/7006033/ocr, //SubNo/201002/60/01, 2009/7006033.

Unp ublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 505 p.

MRID: 47923707

Hassink, J.; Stephan, A. (2009) Determination of the Adsorption/Desorption Behaviour of BAS 700 F on Different

Soils. Project Number: 2009/1065633/OCR, 2009/1065633, 31 4706. Unpublished study prepared by

BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 78 p.

MRID: 47923713

Ebert, D. (2009) Degradation of BAS 700 F in Water/Sediment Systems under Aerobic Conditions. Project

Number: 2009/1004082/OCR, 2009/1004082, 314715. Unpublished study prepared by BASF

Aktiengesellschaft. 151 p.

MRID: 47923714

Ta, C. (2010) BAS 700 F: Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism. Project Number: 2009/7006124/OCR, 2009/7006124,

319648. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agro Research and Agvise Laboratories, Inc. 1 05 p.

MRID: 47923730

Hafemann, C.; Kloeppner, U. (2009) Bioconcentration and Metabolism of BAS 700 F in Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis

macrochirus). Project Number: 2009/1012801/OCR, 2009/1012801, 315780. Unpublished study prepared

by BASF Aktiengesellschaf t. 163 p.

MRID: 48409101

Hassink, J. (2011) BAS 700 F: Aqueous Hydrolysis at Four Different pH Values (Including Amendment No. 1).

Project Number: 324301, 2011/7000318. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 19 p.

MRID: 48812602

Citation: Newcombe, A.; Houck, V.; Warren, R. (2012) Aquatic Dissipation of BAS 700 F Under Dry

- seeded

(Louisiana) and Water

- seeded (California) Rice Production Conditions: Final Report. Project Number:

2012/7003520/OCR, 366180. Unpublished study prepar ed by Arcadis, ADPEN Laboratories, Inc. 947p.

MRID: 48809901

Citation: Jordan, J.; Warren, R. (2012) Terrestrial Field Dissipation of BAS 700 F following Broadcast Applications

of BAS 700 AC F in Turf: Final Report. Project Number: 2009/7006 031/OCR, 205/17/01, 347448.

Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 494p.- Page 78 of 139

- 

## Appendix A

. Current and Proposed New Uses, Fluxapyroxad

Current and p roposed products for registration containing fluxapyr oxad

End

- Use Product

Name Summary Formulation Details:

Formulation Type

lb fluxapyroxad /gal of product

( lb ai pyraclostrobin/gal of product ) Application Type Crops

Currently Registered Products

Imbrex

BAS 700 01 F

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- 306 E mulsifiable C oncentrate

0.52 Foliar

Aerial and ground Existing : Wheat, barley, corn, bean and pea legumes,

peanuts, pome and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil

seed, root and tuberous vegetable crops.

Proposed : Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables

, cucurbits, grapes, leafy vegetables, rice, root

vegetables, sorghum and millet, strawberries,

sugarcane, and tree nuts

Xemium 2.78

BAS 700 02 F

Fungicide Seed

Treatment

Reg No. 7969

- 307 S uspension C oncentrate

0.78 Seed Treatment Existing : Barley, corn, cotton, dried shelled peas and

beans, edible podded legume vegetables, oat, peanut,

rye, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, wheat and triticale

seed

Proposed : Brassica vegetable, bulb vegetable,

cucurbit, leafy vegetable, rapeseed, rice, and root and

tuber vegetable seed

Xemium 2.72

BAS 700 03 F

Fungicide Seed

Treatment

Reg No. 7969

- 308 S uspension C oncentrate

2.72 Seed Treatment Existing : Barley, corn, cotton, dried shelled peas and

beans, edible podded legume vegetables, oat, peanut,

rye, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, wheat and triticale

seed

Proposed : Brassica vegetable, bulb vegetable,

cucurbit, leafy vegetable, rapeseed, rice, and root and

tuber vegetable seed

Sercadis

BAS 700 04 F

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- 309 S uspension C oncentrate

2.47 Foliar

Aerial and ground Existing : Cereals, bean and pea legumes, peanuts,

pome and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables, oil seed,

root and root and tuberous vegetable crops

Proposed : Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

cucurbits, grapes, leafy vegetables, rice, root

vegetables, sorghum and millet, strawberries,

sugarcane, and tree nuts- Page 79 of 139

- End

- Use Product

Name Summary Formulation Details:

Formulation Type

lb fluxapyroxad /gal of product

( lb ai pyraclostrobin/gal of product ) Application Type Crops

Currently Registered Products

Merivon

BAS 703 01 F

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- 310 S uspension C oncentrate

2.09

(2.09 Pyraclostrobin) Foliar

Aerial and ground Existing : Pome and stone fruits, fruiting vegetables,

oil seed, soybean, and root and tuberous vegetable

crops.

Proposed : Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

cucurbits, grapes, leafy vegetables, root vegetables,

strawberries, and tree nuts

Priaxor

BAS 703 02 F

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- 311 S uspension C oncentrate

1.39

(2.78 Pyraclostrobin) Foliar

Aerial and ground Existing : Cereals, fruiting vegetables, oilseed crops,

peanut, soybean, and root and tuber vegetables crops.

Proposed : Berries and small fruits, bulb vegetables,

cucurbits, grapes, leafy vegetables, root vegetables,

sorghum and millet, strawberries, sugarcane, and tree

nuts

New Product for Registration

Lexicon

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- GLN S uspension C oncentrate

1.39

(2.78 Pyraclostrobin) Foliar

Aerial and ground Proposed: Turf (residential, commercial, golf

courses, sod farms)

Xzemplar

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- GUO S uspension C oncentrate

2.47 Foliar

Aerial and ground Proposed: Turf (residential, commercial, golf

courses, sod farms)

Xemium 703

Fungicide

Reg No. 7969

- GLE S uspension C oncentrate

2.09

(2.09 Pyraclostrobin) Seed Treatment Proposed : Brassica vegetable, bulb vegetable, corn,

cotton, cucurbit, leafy vegetable, rapeseed, root and

tuber vegetable, and soybean seed- Page 80 of 139

- 

### Proposed Use Information for Fluxapyroxad Products

EUP Crop Max Single

App Rate

(lbs a.i./ A) Number of

Applications Minimum

Retreatment

Interval Max

Annual

App Rate

(lbs a.i./ A) Notes

Imbrex

( BAS 700 01F )

Sercadis

( BAS 700 04F )

Merivon

( BAS 703 01F ) Berries and small fruits 0.18 3 7 0.54 1

Brassica leafy vegetables 0.09 3 7 0.27 1

Bulb vegetables 0.18 3 7 0.54 1

Cucurbits 0.09 3 7 0.27 1

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 0.18 3 NS 0.54 1

Grapes 0.09 6 10 0.54 1

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) 0.18 3 7 0.54 1

Rice 0.135 2 7 0.27 1 ,2

Root vegetables (except sugarbeet) 0.09 3 7 0.27 1

Sorghum and millet 0.09 2 NS 0. 18 1, 2

Strawberries 0.18 3 7 0.54 1

Sugarcane 0.11 2 14 0.22 1 , 2

Tree nuts 0.11 3 7 0.33 1

Priaxor

( BAS 703 02F ) Berries and small fruits 0. 10 3 7 0.29 1

Brassica leafy vegetables 0.09 3 7 0.27 1

Bulb vegetables 0.08 3 7 0.24 1

Cucurbits 0.09 3 7 0.27 1

Grapes ( Botrytis disease) 0.07 3 NS 0.22 1

Grapes 0.07 3 10 0.22 1

Leafy vegetables (except Brassica) 0.10 3 7 0.30 1

Root vegetables (except sugarbeet) 0.0 9 3 7 0.27 1

Sorghum and millet 0.09 1 NA 0.09 1

Strawberries 0.10 3 7 0.29 1

Sugarcane 0.10 2 14 0.17 1

Tree nuts 0.0 6 3 7 0.18 1

Xemium 2.78

( BAS 700 02F )

and

Xemium 2.72

( BAS 700 03F ) B ulb vegetable seed 0.19 1 NA 0.19 Based on 75 lbs seed/acre (onion)

Brassica seed 0.003 1 NA 0.00 3 Based on 8.2 lbs seed/acre (rape)

Cucurbit seed 0.00 5 1 NA 0.005 Based on 1 1.6 lbs seed/acre (cucumber)

Leafy vegetable seed 0.0 8 1 NA 0.0 8 Based on 4 0 lbs seed/acre (parsely)

Rape seed 0.0 02 1 NA 0.0 02 Based on 8.2 lbs seed/acre (rape)- Page 81 of 139

- EUP Crop Max Single

App Rate

(lbs a.i./ A) Number of

Applications Minimum

Retreatment

Interval Max

Annual

App Rate

(lbs a.i./ A) Notes

Rice seed 0.065 1 NA 0.065 Based on 129 lbs seed/acre (rice)

Root and tuber seed 0.0 4 1 NA 0.0 4 Based on 1 00 lbs seed/acre ( ginseng )

Xemium 703 B ulb vegetable seed 0.06 1 NA 0.06 Based on 75 lbs seed/acre (onion)

Brassica seed 0.007 1 NA 0.007 Based on 8.2 lbs seed/acre (rape)

Corn seed 0.007 1 NA 0.007 Based on 33.2 lbs seed/acre (corn)

Cotton seed 3 0.008 1 NA 0.008 Based on 18.9 lbs seed/acre (cotton)

Cucurbit seed 0.007 1 NA 0.007 Based on 1 1.6 lbs seed/acre (cucumber)

Leafy vegetable seed 0.024 1 NA 0.024 Based on 4 0 lbs seed/acre (parsely)

Rape seed 0.002 1 NA 0.002 Based on 8.2 lbs seed/acre (rape)

Root and tuber seed 0.06 1 NA 0.06 Based on 1 00 lbs seed/acre ( ginseng )

Soybean 3 0.033 1 NA 0.033 Based on 1 66.7 lbs seed/acre (soybean)

Lexicon Turf 0.23 NS 14 0.80 1

Xzemplar Turf 0.22 NS 14 0.79 1

NS

- not specified. NA

- not applicable

Notes

1. Only 2 consecutive applications before alternating to a labeled fungicide w/ different mode of action.

2. Merivon not proposed for registration on rice, sorghum and millet, or sugarcane.

3. Rates are twice as high as currently registered rates for cotton and soybean on Xemium 2.78 and Xemium 2.72

4. Seeding rates obtained from USEPA model TREX Version 1.5.1 ( http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terrestrial/index.htm#trex ).- Page 82 of 139

- 

## Appendix B. GENEEC Results

Foliar Applications

RUN No. 1 FOR fluxapyroxad ON berries * INPUT VALUES *

-------------------------------- ------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

. 180( .537) 3 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC C OMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/ LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

- -------------------------------------------------------------------

15.17 15.11 14.74 13.94 13.38

RUN No. 2 FOR fluxapyroxad ON brassica * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------------------------------------- ------------------------------

.090( .268) 3 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYD ROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.0 0

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GE EC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

7.59 7.56 7.37 6.97 6.69

RUN No. 3 FOR fluxapyroxad ON grape botr * INPUT VALUES *

------- -------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)- Page 83 of 139

- --------------------------------------------------------------------

.180( .539) 3 3 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------- -----------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 D AY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

15.22 15.16 14.78 13.98 13.42

RUN No. 4 FOR fluxapyroxad ON gr apes * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------

.090( .529) 6 10 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

G EEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.98 14.92 14.56 13.77 13.21

RUN No. 5 FOR fluxapyroxad ON sorghum * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

------------------- -------------------------------------------------

.090( .180) 2 3 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOL IC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 84 of 139

- 857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 D AY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

5.08 5.06 4.93 4.67 4.48

RUN No. 6 FOR fluxapyroxad ON sugarcane * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.110( .219) 2 14 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

---------------------------------------- ----------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

6.18 6.16 6.01 5.68 5.45

RUN No. 7 FOR fluxapyroxad ON tree nuts * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.110( .328) 3 7 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

- -------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

----------------------------------------- ---------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

9.27 9.24 9.01 8.52 8.18- Page 85 of 139

- RUN No. 8 FOR fluxapyroxad ON turf * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.230( .682) 3 14 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

------------ --------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

---------------------------------------------------- ----------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

19.30 19.22 18.74 17.73 17.01

RUN No. 9 FOR fluxapyroxad ON turf * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.230( .905) 4 14 931.0 3.4 AERL_B( 13.0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

---------------------- ----------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------------------------------------------------------------- ------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY M AX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

25.60 25.50 24.87 23.52 22.58



### Seed T reatments

RUN No. 1 FOR fluxapyroxad ON bulb veg s * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 86 of 139

- .190( .190) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

------------------------------------- -------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

4.25 4.23 4.12 3.88 3.72

RUN No. 2 FOR fluxapyroxad ON leafy veg * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTE RVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.080( .080) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

------------------------------------ --------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

--------------------------------------------------------------------

1.79 1.78 1.73 1.64 1.57

RUN No. 3 FOR fluxapyroxad ON rapeseed s * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYP E NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.002( .002) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 .0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00- Page 87 of 139

- GENERIC EECs (IN NANOGRAMS/LITER (PPTr)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

--------------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

------------------------------------------ --------------------------

44.74 44.53 43.37 40.89 39.15

RUN No. 4 FOR fluxapyroxad ON bulb veg s * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.190( .190) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0 ) .0 1.0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (POND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

-------- ------------------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

----------------------------------------------------- ---------------

4.25 4.23 4.12 3.88 3.72

RUN No. 5 FOR fluxapyroxad ON bulb veg s * INPUT VALUES *

--------------------------------------------------------------------

RATE (#/AC) No.APPS & SOIL SOLUBIL APPL TYPE NO

- SPRAY INCORP

ONE(MULT) INTERVAL Koc (PPM ) (%DRIFT) (FT) (IN)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

.190( .190) 1 1 931.0 3.4 GRANUL( .0) .0 2.0

FIELD AND STANDARD POND HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

METABOLIC DAYS UNTIL HYDROLYSIS PHOTOLYSIS METABOLIC COMBINED

(FIELD) RAIN/RUNOFF (POND) (POND

- EFF) (P OND) (POND)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

857.00 2 N/A .00

- .00 993.00 993.00

GENERIC EECs (IN MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Version 2.0 Aug 1, 2001

------------------- -------------------------------------------------

PEAK MAX 4 DAY MAX 21 DAY MAX 60 DAY MAX 90 DAY

GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC AVG GEEC

---------------------------------------------------------------- ----

2.13 2.12 2.06 1.94 1.86- Page 88 of 139

- 

## Appendix C

. Example T

- REX (v. 1.5 .1) input and output data- Page 89 of 139

- EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

20 0.00 129.32 #DIV/0! 59.27 #DIV/0! 72.74 ##### 8.08 #DIV/0! 50.65 ##### 1.80 #####

100 0.00 73.74 #DIV/0! 33.80 #DIV/0! 41.48 ##### 4.61 #DIV/0! 28.88 ##### 1.02 #####

1000 0.00 33.02 #DIV/0! 15.13 #DIV/0! 18.57 ##### 2.06 #DIV/0! 12.93 ##### 0.46 #####

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

2457 113.55 0.05 52.04 0.02 63.87 0.03 7.10 0.00 44.47 0.02

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

100 113.55 1.14 52.04 0.52 63.87 0.64 7.10 0.07 44.47 0.44 Arthropods

Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

EECs and RQs EECs and RQs 

### Summary of Risk Quotient Calculations Based on Upper Bound Kenaga EECs

Short Grass Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

NOAEC

(ppm) Tall Grass Arthropods Adjusted

LD50

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

LC50 Arthropods

Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/Se

eds Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/Se

eds Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/See

ds Granivore Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Avian Dose-Based Risk Quotients

EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Size

Class

(grams)

Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Subacute Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients- Page 90 of 139

- EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 4395.66 108.26 0.02 49.62 0.01 60.90 0.01 6.77 0.00 42.4013 0.0096 1.5036 0.0003

35 3556.56 74.82 0.02 34.29 0.01 42.09 0.01 4.68 0.00 29.305 0.0082 1.0392 0.0003

1000 1538.32 17.35 0.01 7.95 0.01 9.76 0.01 1.08 0.00 6.79446 0.0044 0.2409 0.0002

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

0 113.55 #DIV/0! 52.04 #DIV/0! 63.87 #DIV/0! 7.10 ##### 44.47 #DIV/0!

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

112 113.55 1.01 52.04 0.46 63.87 0.57 7.10 0.06 44.47 0.40

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 21.98 108.26 4.93 49.62 2.26 60.90 2.77 6.77 0.31 42.40 1.93 1.50 0.07

35 17.78 74.82 4.21 34.29 1.93 42.09 2.37 4.68 0.26 29.30 1.65 1.04 0.06

1000 7.69 17.35 2.26 7.95 1.03 9.76 1.27 1.08 0.14 6.79 0.88 0.24 0.03 Arthropods Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

EECs and RQs

Arthropods

Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

EECs and RQs

Arthropods

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients NOAEC

(ppm) Size class not used for dietary risk quotients Broadleaf Plants EECs and RQs

Arthropods

LC50

(ppm) Short Grass Size

Class

(grams) Adjusted

LD50 Short Grass

Fruits/Pods/Se

eds Tall Grass Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dose-Based Risk Quotients

Granivore Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/See

ds

Size

Class

(grams) Adjusted

NOAEL Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/See

ds Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants Fruits/Pods/Se

Granivore Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dose-Based Risk Quotients

EECs and RQs- Page 91 of 139

- 

## Appendix D

. Example TerrPlant (v. 1.2.2) input and output data

TerrPlant v. 1.2.2

Green values signify user inputs (Tables 1, 2 and 4).

Input and output guidance is in popups indicated by red arrows.

Chemical Name

PC code

Use

Application Method

Application Form

Solubility in Water (ppm)

Input Parameter Symbol Value Units

Application Rate A 0.23

Incorporation I 1 none

Runoff Fraction R 0.01 none

Drift Fraction D 0.05 none

Equation EEC

(A/I)*R 0.0023

(A/I)*R*10 0.023

A*D 0.0115

((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.0138

((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.0345

Plant type EC 25 NOAEC EC 25 NOAEC

Monocot x 0.0446 x 0.0681

Dicot x 0.0055 x 0.0167

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi-Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non-listed #VALUE! #VALUE! #DIV/0!

Monocot listed 0.31 0.77 0.26

Dicot non-listed #VALUE! #VALUE! #DIV/0!

Dicot listed 2.51 6.27 2.09 Runoff to dry areas

Runoff to semi-aquatic areas

Spray drift

Total for dry areas Table 1. Chemical Identity.

fluxapyroxad

turf

Table 2. Input parameters used to derive EECs. aerial (sod farms0

3.44

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group. Vegetative Vigor Seedling Emergence

Table 5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to fluxapyroxad through runoff

and/or spray drift.* Table 4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in . Description

Total for semi-aquatic areas Table 3. EECs for fluxapyroxad. Units in .- Page 92 of 139

- 

## Appendix E . LOCATES (v. 2. 2 .5 ) output of listed species



# Species Listing by State with Use Criteria

No species were excluded

Minimum of 1 Acre.

All Medium Types Reported



### Generic taxon {Amphibian, Arachnid, Bird, Bivalve, Conf/cycds, Coral, Crustacean, Dicot,

Ferns, Fish, Gastropod, Insect, Lichen, Mammal, Monocot, Reptile}

blackberries and dewberries, blueberries

- tame, blueberries

- wild, currants, raspberries

- all,

raspberries

- black, raspberries

- red, cranberries, kiwifruit, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage

chinese, cabbage

- head , cabbage

- mustard, cauliflower, collards, kale, mustard greens, garlic,

onions

- dry, onions

- green, citron, cucumbers and pickles, pumpkins, watermelons, cantaloupes,

honeydew melons, squash

- all, squash

- summer, squash

- winter, grapes, celery, lettuce

- all,

lettuce

- head, lettuce

- leaf, lettuce

- romaine, parsley, spinach, rice, rice

- wild, beets, carrots,

ginseng, horseradish, radishes, turnips, sorghum for grain, sorghum for sila ge or greenchop,

sorghum for syrup, strawberries, sugarcane for seed, sugarcane for sugar, sugarcane not

harvested, almonds, chestnuts, hazelnuts (filberts), macadamia nuts, pecans

- all, pecans

improved, pecans

- native and seedling, pistachios, walnuts

- english

**Alabama** ( 111) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Frosted Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, Red Hills Phaeognathus hubrichti T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Alabama pearlshell Margaritifera marrianae E Freshwater Bivalve

Bankclimber, Purple Ellipt oideus sloatianus T Freshwater Bivalve

Choctaw Bean Villosa choctawensis E Freshwater Bivalve

Combshell, Southern Epioblasma penita E Freshwater Bivalve

Combshell, Upland Epioblasma metastriata E Freshwater Bivalve

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

fuzzy pigtoe Pleurobema strodeanum T Freshwater Bivalve

Kidneyshell, Triangular Ptychobranchus greenii E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Orange

- nacre Lampsilis perovalis T Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalv e

Mussel, Acornshell Epioblasma othcaloogensis E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama Medionidus acutissimus T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Coosa Medionidus parvulus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Dark Pigtoe Pleurobema furvum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

- lined Lampsilis altilis T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe Fusconaia cuneolus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Flat Pigtoe Pleurobema marshalli E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Georgia p igtoe Pleurobema hanleyianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Gulf Medionidus penicillatus E Freshwater Bivalve- Page 93 of 139

- Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe Pleurobema taitianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter Potamilus inflatus T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Pleurobema pyriforme E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Obovaria retusa E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Fusc onaia cor E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Lampsilis subangulata E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Pleurobema decisum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema georgianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Narrow Pigtoe Fusconaia escambia T Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Alabama Lampsilis virescens E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Quadrula intermedia E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Orange

- Plethobasus cooperianus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Toxolasma cylindrellus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Turgid

- Epioblasma turgidula E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, White Plethobasus cicatricosu s E Freshwater Bivalve

Round Ebonyshell Fusconaia rotulata E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Southern Kidneyshell Ptychobranchus jonesi E Freshwater Bivalve

Southern Sandshell Hamiota australis T Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Stirrupshell Quadrula stapes E Freshwater Bivalve

Tapered Pigtoe Fusconaia burkei T Freshwater Bivalve

Shrimp, Alabama Cave Palaemonias alabamae E Freshwater Crustacean

Amphianthus, Little Amphianthus pusillus T Wetland Dicot

Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Marshallia mohrii T Wetland Dicot

Bladderpod, Lyrate Lesquerella lyrata T Unattributed Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Clover, Leafy Prairie Dalea foliosa E Unattributed Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Leather

- flower, Alabama Clematis socialis E Unattributed Dicot

Leather

- flower, Morefield's Clematis morefieldii E Unattributed Dicot

Pinkroot, Gentian Spigelia gentianoides E Unattributed Dicot

Pitcher

- plant, Alabama Sarracenia rubra alabamensis E Unattributed Dicot

Pitcher

- plant, Green Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Dicot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Potato

- bean, Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed Dicot

Fern, Alabama Streak

- sorus Thelypteris pilosa var. alabamensis T Unattributed Ferns

Fern, American hart's

- Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Unattributed Ferns

Quillwort, Louisiana Isoetes louisianensis E Wetland Ferns

Cavefish, Alabama Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Boulder Etheostoma wapiti E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Goldline Percina aurolineata T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Slackwater Etheostoma boschungi T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Snail Percina tanasi T Freshwater Fish- Page 94 of 139

- Darter, Vermilion Etheostoma chermocki E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Watercress Etheostoma nuchale E Freshwater Fish

Rush darter Etheostoma phytophilum E Freshwater Fish

Sculpin, Pygmy Cottus paulus ( pygmaeus) T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Blue Cyprinella caerulea T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Cahaba Notropis cahabae E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Palezone Notropis albizonatus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Alabama Scaphirhynchus suttkusi E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi T Freshwater, Fish

Campeloma, Slender Campeloma decampi E Freshwater Gastropod

Elimia, Lacy Elimia crenatella T Freshwater Gastropod

Hornsnail, rough Pleurocera foremani E Freshwater Gastropod

Pebblesnail, Flat Lepyrium showalteri E Freshwater Gastropod

Riv ersnail, Anthony's Athearnia anthonyi E Freshwater Gastropod

Rocksnail, interrupted Leptoxis foremani E Freshwater Gastropod

Rocksnail, Painted Leptoxis taeniata T Freshwater Gastropod

Rocksnail, Plicate Leptoxis plicata E Freshwater Gastropod

Rocksnail, Round Leptoxis ampla T Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Armored Pyrgulopsis ( Marstonia) pachyta E Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Lioplax cyclostomaformis E Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Tulotoma Tulotoma magnifica T Terrestrial Gastropod

Butterfl y, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii E Terrestrial, Insect

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Mouse, Alabama Beach Peromyscus polionotus ammobates E Terrestrial, Mammal

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- Xyris tennesseensis E Wetland Monocot

Trillium, Relict Trillium reliquum E Unattributed Monocot

Water

- plantain, Kral's Sagittaria secundifolia T Wetland Monocot

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais couperi T Terrestrial Reptile

Tortoise, Gopher Gopherus polyphemus T Terrestrial Reptile

Turtle, Alabama Red

- bellied Pseudemys alabamensis E Terrestrial, Reptile

Turtle, Flattened Musk Sternotherus depressus T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Alaska** ( 7) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Albatross, Short

- tailed Phoebastria ( Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial, Bird

Eider, Steller's Polysticta stelleri T Terrestrial, Bird

Bison, Wood Bison bison athabascae E Terrestrial Mammal

Otter, Northern Sea Enhydra lutris kenyoni T Saltwater Mammal

Seal, spotted Phoca largha T Saltwater, Mammal

Whale, beluga Delphinapterus leucas E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Mammal

**Arizona** ( 58) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Rana chiricahuensis T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, Sonora Tiger Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Bobwhite, Masked Colinus virginianus ridgwayi E Terrestrial Bird- Page 95 of 139

- Condor, California Gymnogyps californianus E Terrestrial Bird

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Falco femoralis septentrionalis E Terrestrial Bird

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Bird

Rail, Yuma Clapper Rallus longirostris yumanensis E Terrestrial Bi rd

Blue

- star, Kearney's Amsonia kearneyana E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Arizona Hedgehog Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Brady Pincushion Pediocactus bradyi E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Cochise Pincushion Coryphantha robb insorum T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Nichol's Turk's Echinocactus horizonthalonius var. E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Peebles Navajo Pediocactus peeblesianus E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Pima Pineapple Coryphantha scheeri var. E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Siler Pincushion Pediocactus T Unattributed Dicot

Cliffrose, Arizona Purshia ( cowania) subintegra E Unattributed Dicot

Cycladenia, Jones Cycladenia jonesii ( humilis) T Unattributed Dicot

Fleabane, Zuni Erigeron rhizomatus T Unattributed Dicot

Groundsel, San Francisco Senecio franciscanus T Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Holmgren Astragalus holmgreniorum E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Sentry Astragalus cremnophylax var. E Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Welsh's Asclepias welshii T Unattributed Dicot

Umbel, Huachuca Water Lilaeopsis schaffneriana var. recurva E Wetland Dicot

Catfish, Yaqui Ictalurus pricei T Freshwater Fish

Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Gila Gila intermedia E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Sonora Gila ditaenia T Freshwater Fish

Chub, Virgin River Gila seminud a ( robusta) E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Yaqui Gila purpurea E Freshwater Fish

Minnow, Loach Tiaroga cobitis E Freshwater Fish

Pupfish, Desert Cyprinodon macularius E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Beautiful Cyprinella formosa T Freshwater Fish

Spikedace Meda fulgida E Freshwater Fish

Spinedace, Little Colorado Lepidomeda vittata T Freshwater Fish

Squawfish, Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Fish

Steelhea d Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) mykiss E/T Freshwater, Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Poeciliopsis occidentalis E Freshwater Fish

Trout, Apache Oncorhynchus apache T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Gila Oncorhynchus gilae E Freshwater Fish

Woundfin Plagopterus argentissimus E Freshwater Fish

Ambersnail, Kanab Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis E Terrestrial, Gastropod

Springsnail, San Pyrgulopsis bernardina E Terrestrial, Gastropod

Springsnail, Three Forks Pyrgulopsis trivialis E Freshwater Gastropod

Bat, Lesser ( Sanborn's) Leptonycteris curasoae E Terrestrial, Mammal

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Jaguar Panthera onca E Terrestrial Mammal

Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Herpailurus ( Felis) yagouaroundi E Terrestrial Mammal

Ocelot Leopardus ( Felis) pardalis E Terrestrial Mammal

Pronghorn, Sonoran Antilocapra americana sonoriensis E Terrestrial Mammal- Page 96 of 139

- Squirrel, Mount Graham Tamiasciurus hudsonicus E Terrestrial Mammal

Vole, Hualapai Mexican Microtus mexica nus hualpaiensis E Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Canelo Spiranthes delitescens E Wetland Monocot

Sedge, Navajo Carex specuicola T Wetland Monocot

Rattlesnake, New Mexican Crotalus willardi obscurus T Terrestrial Reptile

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Reptile

**Arkansas** ( 37) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Ozark Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis E Freshwater Amphibian

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler, Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Ivory

- billed Campephilus principalis E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Fatmucket, Arkansas Lampsilis powelli T Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bival ve

Mussel, Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Speckled Lampsilis streckeri E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Curtis' Epioblasma florentina curtisii E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Fat Potamilus capax E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Turgid

- Epioblasma turgidula E Freshwater Bivalve

Rock

- pocketbook, Arkansia wheeleri E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Crayfish, Cav e (Cambarus Cambarus aculabrum E Freshwater Crustacean

Crayfish, Cave (Cambarus Cambarus zophonastes E Freshwater Crustacean

Bladderpod, Missouri Lesquerella filiformis T Unattributed Dicot

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed Dicot

Clover, Running Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed Dicot

Fruit, Earth (g eocarpon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Cavefish, Ozark Amblyopsis ro sae T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Leopard Percina pantherina T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Arkansas River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Fish

Yellowcheek darter Etheostoma moorei E Freshwater Fish

Shagreen, Magazine Mesodon magazinensis T Terrestrial Gastropod

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Gray Myo tis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Ozark Big

- eared Cor ynorhinus ( Plecotus) E Terrestrial, Mammal

Panther, Florida Puma ( Felis) concolor coryi E Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

**California** ( 294) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Frog, California Red

- legged Rana aurora draytonii T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Frog, Mountain Yellow

- Rana muscosa E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, California Ambystoma californiense E Terrestrial, Amphibian- Page 97 of 139

- Salamander, Desert Slender Batrachoseps aridus E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, Santa Cruz Ambystoma macrodactylum E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Toad, Arroyo Southwestern Bufo californicus ( microscaphus) E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Albatross, Short

- tailed Phoebastria ( Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial, Bird

Condor, California Gymnogyps californianus E Terrestrial Bird

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Gnatcatcher, Coastal Polioptila californica californica T Terrestrial Bird

Murrelet, Marbled Brachyramphus marmoratus T Terrestrial, Bird

Owl, Northern Spotted Strix occidentalis caurina T Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Western Snowy Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus T Terrestrial B ird

Rail, California Clapper Rallus longirostris obsoletus E Terrestrial Bird

Rail, Light

- footed Clapper Rallus longirostris levipes E Terrestrial Bird

Rail, Yuma Clapper Rallus longirostris yumanensis E Terrestrial Bird

Shrike, San Clemente Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi E Terrestrial Bird

Sparrow, San Clemente Amphispiza belli clementeae T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, California Least Sterna antillarum browni E Terrestrial Bird

Towhee, Inyo Brown Pipilo crissalis eremophilus T Terrestrial Bird

Vireo, Least Bell's Vireo bellii pusillus E Terrestrial Bird

Cypress, Gowen Cupressus goveniana ssp. T Unattributed Conf/cycds

Cypress, Santa Cruz Cupressus abramsiana E Unattributed Conf/cycds

Crayfish, Shasta Pacifastacus fortis E Freshwater Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp, Conservancy Branchinecta conservatio E Vernal pool Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp, Longhorn Branchinecta longiantenna E Vernal pool Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp, Riverside Streptocephalus woottoni E Vernal pool Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp, San Diego Branchinecta s andiegonensis E Vernal pool Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool Branchinecta lynchi T Vernal pool Crustacean

Shrimp, California Syncaris pacifica E Freshwater Crustacean

Tadpole Shrimp, Vernal Lepidurus packardi E Vernal pool Crustacean

Adobe Sunburst, San Pseudobahia peirsonii T Unattributed Dicot

Allocarya, Calistoga Plagiobothrys strictus E Wetland Dicot

Ambrosia, San Diego Ambrosia pumila E Wetland Dicot

Baccharis, Encinitas Baccharis vanessae T Unattributed Dicot

Barberry, Island Berberis pinnata ssp. insularis E Unattributed Dicot

Barberry, Nevin's Berberis nevinii E Unattributed Dicot

Bedstraw, El Dorado Galium californicum ssp. sierrae E Unattributed Dicot

Bedstraw, Island Galium buxifolium E Unattributed Dicot

Bird's

- beak, Palmate

- Cordyla nthus palmatus E Wetland Dicot

Bird's

- beak, Pennell's Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris E Unattributed Dicot

Bird's

- beak, salt marsh Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Bird's

- beak, Soft Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis E Unattributed Dicot

Bladderpod, San Lesquerella kingii ssp. bernardina E Unattributed Dicot

Bluecurls, Hidden Lake Trichostema austromontanum ssp. T Unattributed Dicot

Broom, San Clemente Island Lotus dendroideus ssp. traskiae E Unattributed Dicot

Buckwheat, Cushenb ury Eriogonum ovalifolium var. vineum E Unattributed Dicot

Buckwheat, Ione Eriogonum apricum E Unattributed Dicot

Buckwheat, Southern Eriogonum kennedyi var. T Unattributed Dicot

Bush

- mallow, San Malacothamnus clementinus E Unattributed Dicot

Bus h

- mallow, Santa Cruz Malacothamnus fasciculatus var. E Unattributed Dicot

Butterweed, Layne's Senecio layneae T Unattributed Dicot- Page 98 of 139

- Button

- celery, San Diego Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Bakersfield Opuntia treleasei E Unattributed Dicot

Ceanothus, Coyote Ceanothus ferrisae E Unattributed Dicot

Ceanothus, Pine Hill Ceanothus roderickii E Unattributed Dicot

Ceanothus, Vail Lake Ceanothus ophiochilus T Unattributed Dicot

Centaury, Spring

- loving Centaurium namophilum T Wetland Dicot

Checker

- mallow, Keck's Sidalcea keckii E Unattributed Dicot

Checker

- mallow, Kenwood Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida E Unattributed Dicot

Checker

- mallow, Pedate Sidalcea pedata E Wetland Dicot

Clarkia, Pismo Clarkia speciosa ssp. immaculata E Unattributed Dicot

Clarkia, Presidio Clarkia franciscana E Unattributed Dicot

Clarkia, Springville Clarkia springvillensis T Unattributed Dicot

Clarkia, Vine Hill Clarkia imbricata E Unattributed Dicot

Clover, Fleshy Owl's Castilleja campestris ssp. su cculenta T Wetland Dicot

Clover, Monterey Trifolium trichocalyx E Unattributed Dicot

Clover, Showy Indian Trifolium amoenum E Wetland Dicot

Coyote

- thistle, Loch Lomond Eryngium constancei E Wetland Dicot

Crownbeard, Big

- leaved Verbesina dissita T Unattributed Dicot

Crownscale, San Jacinto Atriplex coronata var. notatior E Unattributed Dicot

Daisy, Parish's Erigeron parishii T Unattributed Dicot

Dudleya, Conejo Dudleya abramsii ssp. parva T Unattributed Dicot

Dudleya, Marcescent Dudleya cymosa ssp. marcescens T Unattributed Dicot

Dudleya, Santa Clara Valley Dudleya setchellii E Unattributed Dicot

Dudleya, Santa Cruz Island Dudleya nesiotica T Unattributed Dicot

Dudleya, Santa Monica Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia T Unattributed Dicot

Dudley a, Verity's Dudleya verityi T Unattributed Dicot

Dwarf

- flax, Marin Hesperolinon congestum T Unattributed Dicot

Evening

- primrose, Antioch Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii E Unattributed Dicot

Evening

- primrose, Eureka Oenothera avita ssp. eurekensis E Unattributed Dicot

Evening

- primrose, San Camissonia benitensis T Unattributed Dicot

Fiddleneck, Large

- flowered Amsinckia grandiflora E Unattributed Dicot

Flannelbush, Mexican Fremontodendron mexicanum E Unattributed Dicot

Flannelbush, Pine Hill Fremon todendron californicum E Unattributed Dicot

Fringepod, Santa Cruz Thysanocarpus conchuliferus E Unattributed Dicot

Gilia, Hoffmann's Slender

- Gilia tenuiflora ssp. hoffmannii E Unattributed Dicot

Gilia, Monterey Gilia tenuiflora ssp. arenaria E Unattributed Dicot

Golden Sunburst, Hartweg's Pseudobahia bahiifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Goldfields, Burke's Lasthenia burkei E Wetland Dicot

Goldfields, Contra Costa Lasthenia conjugens E Wetland Dicot

Grass, Hairy Orcutt Orcuttia pilosa E Wetland Dicot

Grass, Sacramento Orcutt Orcuttia viscida E Wetland Dicot

Grass, Slender Orcutt Orcuttia tenuis T Wetland Dicot

Gumplant, Ash Meadows Grindelia fraxino

- pratensis T Wetland Dicot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Dicot

Jewelflower, Californ ia Caulanthus californicus E Unattributed Dicot

Jewelflower, Metcalf Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus E Unattributed Dicot

Jewelflower, Tiburon Streptanthus niger E Unattributed Dicot

Larkspur, Baker's Delphinium bakeri E Unattributed Dicot

Larkspur, San Clemente Delphinium variegatum ssp. E Unattributed Dicot- Page 99 of 139

- Larkspur, Yellow Delphinium luteum E Unattributed Dicot

Layia, Beach Layia carnosa E Unattributed Dicot

Lessingia, San Francisco Lessingia germanorum E Unattributed Dicot

Livefo rever, Laguna Beach Dudleya stolonifera T Unattributed Dicot

Liveforever, Santa Barbara Dudleya traskiae E Unattributed Dicot

Lupine, Clover Lupinus tidestromii E Unattributed Dicot

Lupine, Nipomo Mesa Lupinus nipomensis E Unattributed Dicot

Malacothrix, Island Malacothrix squalida E Unattributed Dicot

Malacothrix, Santa Cruz Malacothrix indecora E Unattributed Dicot

Mallow, Kern Eremalche kernensis E Unattributed Dicot

Manzanita, Del Mar Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. E Unattributed Dic ot

Manzanita, Ione Arctostaphylos myrtifolia T Unattributed Dicot

Manzanita, Morro Arctostaphylos morroensis T Unattributed Dicot

Manzanita, Pallid Arctostaphylos pallida T Unattributed Dicot

Manzanita, Santa Rosa Arctostaphylos confertiflora E Unattributed Dicot

Meadowfoam, Butte County Limnanthes floccosa ssp. californica E Unattributed Dicot

Meadowfoam, Sebastopol Limnanthes vinculans E Wetland Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Applegate's Astragalus applegatei E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Braunton's Astragalus brauntonii E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Clara Hunt's Astragalus clarianus E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Coachella Astragalus lentiginosus var. E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Coastal Dunes Astragalus tener var. titi E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Cushenbury Astragalus albens E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Fish Slough Astragalus lentiginosus var. T Wetland Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Lane Mountain Astragalus jaegerianus E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Pierson's Astragalus magdalenae va r. T Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Triple

- ribbed Astragalus tricarinatus E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Ventura Marsh Astragalus pycnostachyus var. E Unattributed Dicot

Mint, Otay Mesa Pogogyne nudiuscula E Wetland Dicot

Mint, San Diego Mesa Pogogyne abramsii E Wetland Dicot

Monardella, Willowy Monardella linoides ssp. viminea E Upland Dicot

Morning

- glory, Stebbins Calystegia stebbinsii E Unattributed Dicot

Mountainbalm, Indian Eriodictyon altissimum E Unattributed Dicot

Mountain

- mahogany, Cercocarpus traskiae E Unattributed Dicot

Mustard, Slender

- petaled Thelypodium stenopetalum E Wetland Dicot

Navarretia, Few

- flowered Navarretia leucocephala ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Navarretia, Many

- flowered Navarretia leucocephala ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Navarretia, Spreading Navarretia fossalis T Wetland Dicot

Niterwort, Amargosa Nitrophila mohavensis E Wetland Dicot

Oxytheca, Cushenbury Oxytheca parishii var. E Unattributed Dicot

Paintbrush, Ash

- grey Indian Castilleja cinerea T Unattributed Dicot

Paintbrush, San Clemente Castilleja grisea E Unattributed Dicot

Paintbrush, Soft

- leaved Castilleja mollis E Unattributed Dicot

Paintbrush, Tiburon Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta E Unattributed Dicot

Penny

- cress, Kneeland Thlaspi californicum E Unattributed Dicot

Pentachaeta, Lyon's Pentachaeta lyonii E Unattributed Dicot

Pentachaeta, White

- rayed Pentachaeta bellidiflora E Unattributed Dicot

Phacelia, Island Phacelia insularis ssp. insularis E Unattributed Dicot

Phlox, Yreka Phlox hirsuta E Unattributed Dicot- Page 100 of 139

- Polygonum, Scott's Valley Polygonum hickmanii E Unattributed Dicot

Potentilla, Hickman's Potentilla hickmanii E Wetland Dicot

Pussypaws, Mariposa Calyptridium pulchellum T Unattributed Dicot

Rock

- cress, Hoffmann's Arab is hoffmannii E Unattributed Dicot

Rock

- cress, McDonald's Arabis mcdonaldiana E Unattributed Dicot

Rock

- cress, Santa Cruz Sibara filifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Rush

- rose, Island Helianthemum greenei T Unattributed Dicot

Sandwort, Bear Valley Arenaria ursina T Unattributed Dicot

Sandwort, Marsh Arenaria paludicola E Wetland Dicot

Sea

- blite, California Suaeda californica E Wetland Dicot

Spineflower, Ben Lomond Chorizanthe pungens var. E Unattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Howell's Chorizanthe howellii E U nattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Monterey Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens T Unattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Orcutt's Chorizanthe orcuttiana E Unattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Robust Chorizanthe robusta va r. robusta E Unattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Scotts Valley Chorizanthe robusta var. hartwegii E Unattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Slender

- Dodecahema leptoceras E Unattributed Dicot

Spineflower, Sonoma Chorizanthe valida E Unattributed Dicot

Spurge, Hoover's Chamaesyce hooveri T Wetland Dicot

Sticky seed, Baker's Blennosperma bakeri E Wetland Dicot

Stonecrop, Lake County Parvisedum leiocarpum E Unattributed Dicot

Sunflower, San Mateo Eriophyllum latilobum E Unattributed Dicot

Taraxacum, California Taraxacum californicum E Wetland Dicot

Tarplant, Ga viota Deinandra increscens ssp. villosa E Unattributed Dicot

Tarplant, Otay Deinandra (Hemizonia) conjugens T Unattributed Dicot

Tarplant, Santa Cruz Holocarpha macradenia T Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Chorro creek Bog Cirsium fontinale var. obispoense E Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Fountain Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale E Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, La Graciosa Cirsium loncholepis E Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Suisun Cirsium hydrophilum var. E Unattributed Dicot

Thornmint, San Diego Acanthomintha ilicifolia T Wetland Dicot

Thornmint, San Mateo Acanthomintha obovata ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Tuctoria, Green's Tuctoria greenei E Wetland Dicot

Vervain, California Verbena californica T Wetland Dicot

Wallflower, Ben Lomond Erysimum teretifolium E Unattributed Dicot

Wallflower, Contra Costa Erysimum capitatum var. E Unattributed Dicot

Wallflower, Menzie's Erysimum menziesii E Unattributed Dicot

Watercress, Gambel's Rorippa gambellii E Unattributed Dicot

Woodland

- star, San Lithophragma maximum E Unattributed Dicot

Woolly

- star, Santa Ana Eriastrum densifolium ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Woolly

- threads, San Monolopia ( Lembertia) congdonii E Unattributed Dicot

Yerba Santa, Lompoc Eriodictyon capitatum E Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Mohave Tui Gila bicolor mohavensis E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Owens Tui Gila bicolor snyderi E Freshwater Fish

Goby, Tidewater Eucyclogobius newberryi E Freshwater Fish

Pupfish, Desert Cyprinodon macularius E Freshwater Fish

Pu pfish, Owens Cyprinodon radiosus E Freshwater Fish

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) E/T Freshwater, Fish

Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) kisutch E/T Freshwater, Fish- Page 101 of 139

- Smelt, Delta Hypomesus transpacificus T Freshwater, Fish

Squawfish, Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Fish

Steelhead Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) mykiss E/T Freshwater, Fish

Stickleback, Unarmored Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, North American Acipenser medirostris T Freshwater, Fish

Sucker, Lost River Deltistes luxatus E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Modoc Catostomus microps E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Santa Ana Catostomus santaanae T Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Shortnose Chasmistes brevirostris E Freshwater Fish

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Little Kern Golden Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Paiute Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki seleniris T Freshwater Fish

Abalone, Black Halio tis cracherodii E Saltwater Gastropod

Abalone, White Haliotis sorenseni E Saltwater Gastropod

Snail, Morro Shoulderband Helminthoglypta walkeriana E Terrestrial Gastropod

Beetle, Casey's June Dinacoma caseyi E Terrestrial Insect

Beetle, Delta Green Ground Elaphrus viridis T Terrestrial, Insect

Beetle, Mount Hermon June Polyphylla barbata E Terrestrial, Insect

Beetle, Ohlone Tiger Cicindela ohlone E Terrestrial Insect

Beetle, Valley Elderberry Desmocerus californicus dimorphus T Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Bay Checkerspot Euphydryas editha bayensis T Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Behren's Speyeria zerene behrensii E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Callippe Speyeria callippe callippe E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, El Segundo Blue Euphilotes batto ides allyni E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Lange's Apodemia mormo langei E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Lotis Blue Lycaeides argyrognomon lotis E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Mission Blue Icaricia icarioides missionensis E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Myrtle's Speyeria zerene myrtleae E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Oregon Speyeria zerene hippolyta T Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Palos Verdes Blue Glaucopsyche lygdamus E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Quino Euphydryas editha quino . E Ter restrial Insect

Butterfly, San Bruno Elfin Callophrys mossii bayensis E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Smith's Blue Euphilotes enoptes smithi E Terrestrial Insect

Fly, Delhi Sands Flower

- Rhaphiomidas terminatus E Terrestrial Insect

Grasshopper, Zayante T rimerotropis infantilis E Terrestrial Insect

Moth, Kern Primrose Euproserpinus euterpe T Terrestrial Insect

Skipper, Carson Wandering Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus E Terrestrial Insect

Skipper, Laguna Mountain Pyrgus ruralis lagunae E Terrestrial Insect

Fox, San Joaquin Kit Vulpes macrotis mutica E Terrestrial Mammal

Fox, San Miguel Island Urocyon littoralis littoralis E Terrestrial Mammal

Fox, Santa Catalina Island Urocyon littoralis catalinae E Terrestrial Mammal

Fox, Santa Cruz Island Urocyon littoralis santacruzae E Terrestrial Mammal

Fox, Santa Rosa Island Urocyon littoralis santarosae E Terrestrial Mammal

Jaguar Panthera onca E Terrestrial Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, Fresno Dipodomys nitratoides exilis E Terrestrial Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, Giant Dipod omys ingens E Terrestrial Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, Morro Bay Dipodomys heermanni morroensis E Terrestrial Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, San Dipodomys merriami parvus E Terrestrial Mammal- Page 102 of 139

- Kangaroo Rat, Stephens' Dipodomys stephensi E Terrestrial Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, Tipton Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides E Terrestrial Mammal

Mountain Beaver, Point Aplodontia rufa nigra E Terrestrial, Mammal

Mouse, Pacific Pocket Perognathus longimembris E Terrestrial Mammal

Mouse, Salt Marsh Harvest Reithrodontomys raviventris E Terrestrial Mammal

Otter, Southern Sea Enhydra lutris nereis T Saltwater Mammal

Rabbit, Riparian Brush Sylvilagus bachmani riparius E Terrestrial Mammal

Seal, Guadalupe Fur Arctocephalus townsendi T Saltwater, Mammal

Sea

- lion, Steller Eumetopias jubatus E/T Saltwater, Mammal

Sheep, Peninsular Bighorn Ovis canadensis nelsoni E Terrestrial Mammal

Sheep, Sierra Nevada Ovis canadensis sierrae E Terrestrial Mammal

Shrew, Buena Vista Lake Sorex ornatus relictus E Terrestrial Mammal

Vole, Amargosa Microtus ca lifornicus scirpensis E Terrestrial Mammal

Whale, Finback Balaenoptera physalus E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, Humpback Megaptera novaeangliae E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, North Atlantic right Eubalaena glacialis (incl. australis) E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, Sei Balaenoptera borealis E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, Sperm Physeter catodon ( macrocephalus) E Saltwater Mammal

Woodrat, Riparian Neotoma fuscipes riparia E Terrestrial Mammal

Alopecurus, Sonoma Alopecurus aequalis var. E Unattributed Monocot

Amole, Cammatta Canyon Chlorogalum purpureum var. T Unattributed Monocot

Amole, Purple Chlorogalum purpureum var. T Unattributed Monocot

Bluegrass, Napa Poa napensis E Wetland Monocot

Bluegrass, San Ber nardino Poa atropurpurea E Wetland Monocot

Brodiaea, Chinese Camp Brodiaea pallida T Wetland Monocot

Brodiaea, Thread

- leaved Brodiaea filifolia T Wetland Monocot

Grass, California Orcutt Orcuttia californica E Wetland Monocot

Grass, Colusa Neostapfia colusana T Wetland Monocot

Grass, Eureka Dune Swallenia alexandrae E Unattributed Monocot

Grass, San Joaquin Valley Orcuttia inaequalis T Wetland Monocot

Grass, Solano Tuctoria mucronata E Wetland Monocot

Lily, Pitkin Marsh Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkine nse E Unattributed Monocot

Lily, Tiburon Mariposa Calochortus tiburonensis T Unattributed Monocot

Lily, Western Lilium occidentale E Wetland Monocot

Onion, Munz's Allium munzii E Unattributed Monocot

Piperia, Yadon's Piperia yadonii E Unattributed Monocot

Sedge, White Carex albida E Wetland Monocot

Lizard, Blunt

- nosed Leopard Gambelia silus E Terrestrial Reptile

Lizard, Coachella Valley Uma inornata T Terrestrial Reptile

Lizard, Island Night Xantusia riversiana T Terrestrial Reptile

Snake, Giant Garter Thamnophis gigas T Terrestrial, Reptile

Snake, San Francisco Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia E Terrestrial, Reptile

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Reptile

Whipsnake Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus T Terrestrial Reptile

**Colorado** ( 30) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Bird- Page 103 of 139

- Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Beardtongue, Penland Penstemon penlandii E Unattributed Dicot

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Gaura neomexicana var. T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Colorado hookless S clerocactus glaucus T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Knowlton Pediocactus knowltonii E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Mesa Verde Sclerocactus mesae

- verdae T Unattributed Dicot

DeBeque phacelia Phacelia submutica T Terrestrial Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Mancos Astragalus humillimus E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Osterhout Astragalus osterhoutii E Unattributed Dicot

Mustard, Penland Alpine Eutrema penlandii T Wetland Dicot

Pagosa Skyrocket Ipomopsis polyantha E Terrestrial Dicot

Parachute Beardtongue Penstemon debilis T Terrestrial Dicot

Phacelia, North Park Phacelia formosula E Unattributed Dicot

Wild

- buckwheat, Clay

- Eriogonum pelinophilum E Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Fish

Squawfish, Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Trout, Greenback Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki stomias T Freshwater Fish

Butterfly, Uncompahgre B oloria acrocnema E Terrestrial Insect

Skipper, Pawnee Montane Hesperia leonardus montana T Terrestrial Insect

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Mouse, Preble's Meadow Zapus hudsoni us preblei T Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

**Connecticut** ( 29) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed Dicot

Beetle, Puritan Tiger Cicindela puritana T Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Indiana Myo tis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Delaware** ( 5) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Amaranth, Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Squirrel, Delmarva Sciurus niger cinereus E Terrestrial Mammal

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Florida** ( 109) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Frosted Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, Reticulated Ambystoma bishopi E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Caracara, Audubon's Polyborus plancus audubonii T Terrestrial Bird

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird- Page 104 of 139

- Kite, Everglades Snail Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus E Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Scrub

- Jay, Florida Aphelocoma coerulescens T Terrestrial Bird

Sparrow, Cape Sable Ammodramus mar itimus mirabilis E Terrestrial Bird

Sparrow, Florida Ammodramus savannarum E Terrestrial Bird

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler (=Wood), Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler, Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Ivory

- billed Campephilus principalis E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Bankclimber, Purple Elliptoideus sloatianus T Freshwater Bivalve

Choctaw Bean Villosa choctawensis E Freshwater Bivalve

fuzzy pigtoe Pleurobema strodeanum T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fat Threeridge Amblema neislerii E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Gulf Medionidus penicillatus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ochlockonee Medionidus simpsonianus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Pleurobema pyriforme E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Lampsilis subangulata E Freshwater Bivalve

Narrow Pigtoe Fusconaia escambia T Freshwater Bivalve

Round Ebonyshell Fusconaia rotulata E Freshwater Bivalve

Slabshell, Chipola Elliptio chip olaensis T Freshwater Bivalve

Southern Kidneyshell Ptychobranchus jonesi E Freshwater Bivalve

Southern Sandshell Hamiota australis T Freshwater Bivalve

Tapered Pigtoe Fusconaia burkei T Freshwater Bivalve

Torreya, Florida Torreya taxifolia E Unattributed Conf/cycds

Coral, Elkhorn Acropora palmata T Saltwater Coral

Coral, Staghorn Acropora cervicornis T Saltwater Coral

Shrimp, Squirrel Chimney Palaemonetes cummingi T Freshwater, Crustacean

Aster, Florida Golden Chrysopsis floridana E Unattributed Dicot

B ellflower, Brooksville Campanula robinsiae E Wetland Dicot

Birds

- in

- a

- nest, White Macbridea alba T Wetland Dicot

Blazing Star, Scrub Liatris ohlingerae E Unattributed Dicot

Bonamia, Florida Bonamia grandiflora T Unattributed Dicot

Buckwheat, Scrub Eriogonum longifolium var. T Unattributed Dicot

Butterwort, Godfrey's Pinguicula ionantha T Wetland Dicot

Campion, Fringed Silene polypetala E Unattributed Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Fringe Tree, Pygmy Chionanthus pygmaeus E Unattributed Dicot

Gooseberry, Miccosukee Ribes echinellum T Wetland Dicot

Gourd, Okeechobee Cucurbita okeechobeensis ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Harebells, Avon Park Crotalaria avonensis E Unattributed Dicot

Hypericum, Highlands Hypericum cu mulicola E Unattributed Dicot

Jacquemontia, Beach Jacquemontia reclinata E Unattributed Dicot

Lead

- plant, Crenulate Amorpha crenulata E Unattributed Dicot

Lupine, Scrub Lupinus aridorum E Unattributed Dicot

Meadowrue, Cooley's Thalictrum cooleyi E Wetland Dicot

Milkpea, Small's Galactia smallii E Unattributed Dicot

Mint, Garrett's Dicerandra christmanii E Unattributed Dicot

Mint, Lakela's Dicerandra immaculata E Unattributed Dicot- Page 105 of 139

- Mint, Longspurred Dicerandra cornutissima E Unattributed Dicot

Mi nt, Scrub Dicerandra frutescens E Unattributed Dicot

Mustard, Carter's Warea carteri E Unattributed Dicot

Pawpaw, Beautiful Deeringothamnus pulchellus E Wetland Dicot

Pawpaw, Four

- petal Asimina tetramera E Unattributed Dicot

Pawpaw, Rugel's Deeringothamnus rugelii E Wetland Dicot

Pinkroot, Gentian Spigelia gentianoides E Unattributed Dicot

Plum, Scrub Prunus geniculata E Unattributed Dicot

Polygala, Lewton's Polygala lewtonii E Unattributed Dicot

Polygala, Tiny Polygala smallii E Wetland D icot

Prickly

- apple, Fragrant Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans E Unattributed Dicot

Rhododendron, Chapman Rhododendron chapmanii E Wetland Dicot

Rosemary, Apalachicola Conradina glabra E Unattributed Dicot

Rosemary, Etonia Conradina etonia E Unattributed Dicot

Rosemary, Short

- leaved Conradina brevifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Sandlace Polygonella myriophylla E Unattributed Dicot

Skullcap, Florida Scutellaria floridana T Wetland Dicot

Snakeroot Eryngium cuneifolium E Unattributed Dicot

Spurge, Deltoid Cham aesyce deltoidea ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Spurge, Garber's Chamaesyce garberi T Unattributed Dicot

Spurge, Telephus Euphorbia telephioides T Unattributed Dicot

Warea, Wide

- leaf Warea amplexifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Water

- willow, Cooley's Justicia cooleyi E Wetland Dicot

Whitlow

- wort, Papery Paronychia chartacea T Unattributed Dicot

Wings, Pigeon Clitoria fragrans T Unattributed Dicot

Wireweed Polygonella basiramia E Unattributed Dicot

Ziziphus, Florida Ziziphus celata E Unattributed Dicot

Darte r, Okaloosa Etheostoma okaloosae E Freshwater Fish

Sawfish, Smalltooth Pristis pectinata E Freshwater, Fish

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi T Freshwater, Fish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Butterfly [Cassius Blue, Leptotes and Hemiargus and SAT Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Ceranus Blue Hemiargus ceraunus antibubastus SAT Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Miami Blue Cyclargus thomasi bethunebakeri E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Nickerbean Blu e Cyclargus ammon SAT Terrestrial Insect

Cladonia, Florida Perforate Cladonia perforata E Unattributed Lichen

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Mouse, Anastasia Island Peromyscus polionotus phasma E Terrestrial, Mammal

Mouse, Choctawhatchee Peromyscus polionotus allophrys E Terrestrial, Mammal

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Mouse, Southeastern Beach Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris T Terrestrial, Mammal

Mouse, St. Andrew Beach Peromyscus polionotus peninsularis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Panther, Florida Puma ( Felis) concolor coryi E Terrestrial Mammal

Puma ( Cougar), Eastern P uma ( Felis) concolor (all subsp. E Terrestrial Mammal

Vole, Florida Salt Marsh Microtus pennsylvanicus E Terrestrial, Mammal

Beargrass, Britton's Nolina brittoniana E Unattributed Monocot

Beauty, Harper's Harperocallis flava E Wetland Monocot- Page 106 of 139

- Seagrass, Johnson's Halophila johnsonii T Wetland Monocot

Alligator, American Alligator mississippiensis T Terrestrial, Reptile

Crocodile, American Crocodylus acutus T Terrestrial, Reptile

Skink, Blue

- tailed Mole Eumeces egregius lividus T Terrestrial Reptile

Ski nk, Sand Neoseps reynoldsi T Terrestrial Reptile

Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh Nerodia clarkii taeniata T Terrestrial, Reptile

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais couperi T Terrestrial Reptile

**Georgia** ( 67) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Frosted Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, Reticulated Ambystoma bishopi E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Warbler (=Wood), Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler, Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Bankclimber, Purple Elliptoideus sloatianus T F reshwater Bivalve

Combshell, Upland Epioblasma metastriata E Freshwater Bivalve

Kidneyshell, Triangular Ptychobranchus greenii E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Acornshell Epioblasma othcaloogensis E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama Medionidus acutissimus T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Coosa Medionidus parvulus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fat Threeridge Amblema neislerii E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

- lined Lampsilis altilis T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Georgia pigtoe Pleurobema hanleyianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Gulf Medionidus penicillatus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ochlockonee Medionidus simpsonianus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Pleurobema pyriforme E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Lampsilis subangulata E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Pleurobema decisum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema georgianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Spinymussel, Altamaha Elliptio spinosa E Freshwate r Bivalve

Torreya, Florida Torreya taxifolia E Unattributed Conf/cycds

Amphianthus, Little Amphianthus pusillus T Wetland Dicot

Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Marshallia mohrii T Wetland Dicot

Campion, Fringed Silene polypetala E Unattributed Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Coneflower, Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed Dicot

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Leather

- flower, Alabama Clematis socialis E Unattributed Dicot

Meadowrue, Cooley's Thalictrum cooleyi E Wetland Dicot

Pitcher

- plant, Green Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Dicot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Rattleweed, Hairy Baptisia arachnifera E Unattributed Dicot

Skullcap, Large

- flowered Scutellaria montana T Unattributed Dicot

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Sumac, Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed Dicot- Page 107 of 139

- Quillwort, Black

- spored Isoetes melanospora E Wetland Ferns

Quillwort, Mat

- forming Isoetes tegetiformans E Wetland Ferns

Darter, Amber Percina antesella E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Cherokee Etheostoma scotti T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Etowah Etheostoma etowahae E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Goldline Percina aurolineata T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Snail P ercina tanasi T Freshwater Fish

Logperch, Conasauga Percina jenkinsi E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Blue Cyprinella caerulea T Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Rocksnail, interrupted Leptoxis foremani E Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Lioplax cyclostomaformis E Freshwater Gastropod

Lichen, Rock Gnome Gymnoderma lineare E Unattributed Lichen

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, Humpback Megaptera novaeangliae E Saltwater Mammal

Whale, North Atlantic right Eubalaena glacialis (incl. australis) E Saltwater Mammal

Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- Xyris tennesseensis E Wetland Monocot

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Trillium, Persistent Trillium persistens E Unattributed Monocot

Trillium, Relict Trillium reliquum E Unattributed Monocot

Water

- plantain, Kral's Sagittaria secundifolia T Wetland Monocot

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais couperi T Terrestrial Reptile

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Guam** (12) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crow, Mariana Corvus kubaryi E Terrestrial Bird

Kingfisher, Guam Halcyon cinnamomina E Terrestrial Bird

Moorhen, Mariana Gallinula chloropus guami E Terrestrial Bird

Rail, Guam Rallus owstoni E Terrestrial Bird

White

- eye, Bridled (Nossa) Zosterops conspicillatus E Terrestrial Bird

Hayun Lagu (Tronkon Serianthes nelsonii E Unattributed Dicot

Bat, Little Mariana Fruit Pteropus tokudae E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Mariana Fruit Pteropus mariannus mariannus T Terrestrial, Mammal

Sea turtle, green Chelonia mydas E/T Saltwater Reptile

Sea turtle, hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricata E Saltwater, Reptile

Sea turtle, leatherback Dermochelys coriacea E Saltwater, Reptile

Sea turtle, loggerhead Caretta caretta E/T Saltwater, Reptile

**Hawaii** ( 353) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Spider, Kauai Cave Wolf Adelocosa anops E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Akekee Loxops caeruleirostris E Terrestrial Bird

'Akepa, Hawaii Loxops coccineus coccineus E Terrestrial Bird

'Akepa, Maui Loxops coccineus ochraceus E Terrestrial Bird

'Akia Loa, Kauai Hemignathus procerus E Terrestrial Bird

'Akia Pola'au Hemignathus munroi E Terrestrial Bird

Coot, Hawaiian (=Alae keo Fulica americana alai E Terrestrial Bird

Creeper, Hawaii Oreomystis mana E Terrestrial Bird- Page 108 of 139

- Creeper, Oahu (Alauwahio) Paroreomyza maculata E Terrestrial Bird

C row, Hawaiian ('Alala) Corvus hawaiiensis E Terrestrial Bird

Duck, Hawaiian (Koloa) Anas wyvilliana E Terrestrial, Bird

Elepaio, Oahu Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis E Terrestrial Bird

Goose, Hawaiian (Nene) Branta ( Nesochen) sandvicensis E Terrestrial, Bird

Hawk, Hawaiian (Io) Buteo solitarius E Terrestrial Bird

Honeycreeper, Crested Palmeria dolei E Terrestrial Bird

Kauai creeper Oreomystis bairdi E Terrestrial Bird

Moorhen, Hawaiian Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis E Terrestrial Bird

Nuku Pu'u, Kauai Hemignathus lucidus hanapepe E Terrestrial Bird

Nuku Pu'u, Maui Hemignathus lucidus affinus E Terrestrial Bird

'O'o, Kauai (='A'a) Moho braccatus E Terrestrial Bird

'O'u (Honeycreeper) Psittirostra psittacea E Terrestrial Bird

Palila Loxioides bailleui E Terrestrial Bird

Parrotbill, Maui Pseudonestor xanthophrys E Terrestrial Bird

Petrel, Hawaiian Dark

- Pterodroma phaeopygia E Terrestrial Bird

Po'ouli Melamprosops phaeosoma E Terrestrial Bird

Shearwater, Newell's Puffinus auricularis newelli T Terrestria l, Bird

Stilt, Hawaiian (=Ae'o) Himantopus mexicanus knudseni E Terrestrial Bird

Swiftlet, Mariana Gray Aerodramus vanikorensis bartschi E Terrestrial Bird

Thrush, Large Kauai Myadestes myadestinus E Terrestrial Bird

Thrush, Small Kauai Myadestes palmer i E Terrestrial Bird

Amphipod, Kauai Cave Spelaeorchestia koloana E Freshwater, Crustacean

(ncn) Tetraplasandra bisattenuata E Unattributed Dicot

Abutilon sandwicense Abutilon sandwicense E Unattributed Dicot

Achyranthes mutica (ncn) Achyranthes mutica E Unattributed Dicot

Achyranthes splendens Achyranthes splendens var. E Unattributed Dicot

a'e Zanthoxylum oahuense E Wetland Dicot

A'e (Zanthoxylum Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. E Unattributed Dicot

A'e (Zanthoxylum Zanthoxylum hawaiiense E Unattrib uted Dicot

'Aiea (Nothocestrum Nothocestrum breviflorum E Unattributed Dicot

'Aiea (Nothocestrum Nothocestrum peltatum E Unattributed Dicot

Akoko Chamaesyce remyi var. kauaiensis E Unattributed Dicot

'akoko Chamaesyce eleanoriae E Unattributed Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce Chamaesyce celastroides var. E Unattributed Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce Chamaesyce deppeana E Unattributed Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce Chamaesyce herbstii E Unattributed Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce Chamaesyce kuwaleana E Unattributed Di cot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce rockii) Chamaesyce rockii E Wetland Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. E Unattributed Dicot

'Akoko (Euphorbia Euphorbia haeleeleana E Unattributed Dicot

alani Melicope christophersenii E Wetland Dicot

Alani (Melicope Melicope adscendens E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope balloui) Melicope balloui E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope Melicope haupuensis E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope knudsenii) Melicope knudsenii E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope lydgatei) Melicope lydgatei E Wetland Dicot

Alani (Melicope Melicope mucronulata E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope ovalis) Melicope ovalis E Unattributed Dicot- Page 109 of 139

- Alani (Melicope pallida) Melicope pallida E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope Melicope quadrangularis E Wetland Dicot

Alani (Melicope saint

- Melicope saint

- johnii E Unattributed Dicot

Alani (Melicope Melicope zahlbruckneri E Unattributed Dicot

Alsinidendron obovatum Alsinidendron obovatum E Unattributed Dicot

Alsinidendron tri nerve Alsinidendron trinerve E Unattributed Dicot

Alsinidendron viscosum Alsinidendron viscosum E Wetland Dicot

'Anaunau (Lepidium Lepidium arbuscula E Unattributed Dicot

'Anunu (Sicyos alba) Sicyos alba E Unattributed Dicot

Aupaka (Isodendrion Isod endrion hosakae E Unattributed Dicot

Aupaka (Isodendrion Isodendrion laurifolium E Unattributed Dicot

Aupaka (Isodendrion Isodendrion longifolium T Unattributed Dicot

awikiwiki Canavalia napaliensis E Unattributed Dicot

'Awiwi (Centaurium Centaurium sebaeoides E Unattributed Dicot

'Awiwi (Hedyotis cookiana) Hedyotis cookiana E Unattributed Dicot

Bonamia menziesii (ncn) Bonamia menziesii E Unattributed Dicot

Chamaesyce Halemanui Chamaesyce halemanui E Unattributed Dicot

Cyanea undulata (ncn) Cyan ea undulata E Unattributed Dicot

Delissea rhytodisperma Delissea rhytidosperma E Unattributed Dicot

Dubautia latifolia (ncn) Dubautia latifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Dubautia pauciflorula Dubautia pauciflorula E Wetland Dicot

Geranium, Hawaiian Red

- Geranium arboreum E Unattributed Dicot

Gouania hillebrandii (ncn) Gouania hillebrandii E Unattributed Dicot

Gouania meyenii (ncn) Gouania meyenii E Unattributed Dicot

Gouania vitifolia (ncn) Gouania vitifolia E Unattributed Dicot

ha`iwale Cyrtandra kau lantha E Wetland Dicot

Haha Cyanea lanceolata E Wetland Dicot

Haha (Cyanea acuminata) Cyanea acuminata E Wetland Dicot

Haha (Cyanea asarifolia) Cyanea asarifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea copelandii Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea copelandii Cyanea copelandii ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea Crispa) Cyanea ( Rollandia) crispa E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea glabra) Cyanea glabra E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea grimesiana Cyanea grimes iana ssp. grimesiana E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea grimesiana Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. Carlsonii E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea Cyanea humboldtiana E Wetland Dicot

Haha (Cyanea koolauensis) Cyanea koolauensis E Wetland Dicot

Haha (Cyanea lobata) Cyanea lobata E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea longiflora) Cyanea longiflora E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea Cyanea mceldowneyi E Wetland Dicot

Haha (Cyanea pinnatifida) Cyanea pinnatifida E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea platyphylla) Cyanea platyphylla E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea recta) Cyanea recta T Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea remyi ) Cyanea remyi E Wetland Dicot

Haha (Cyanea shipmanii) Cyanea shipmannii E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea stictophylla) Cyanea stictophylla E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea St

- Johnii) Cyanea st

- johnii E Wetland Dicot- Page 110 of 139

- Haha (Cyanea superba) Cyanea superba E Unattributed Dicot

Haha (Cyanea truncata) Cyanea truncata E Unattributed Dicot

haiwale Cyrtandra waiolani E Wetland Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra crenata E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra dentata E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra giffardii E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra limahuliensis T Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra munroi E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra oenobarba E Wetland Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra polyantha E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra subumbellata E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra tintinnabula E Unattributed Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra viridiflora E Wetland Dicot

Haplostachys Haplostachys haplostachya E Unattributed Dicot

Hau Kauhiwi Hibiscadelphus woodii E Unattributed Dicot

Hau Kuahiwi Hibiscadelphus distans E Unattributed Dicot

Hau Kuahiwi Hibiscadelphus giffardianus E Unattributed Dicot

Hau Kuahiwi Hibiscadelphus hualalaiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Heau (Exocarpos luteolus) Exocarpos luteolus E Wetland Dicot

Hedyotis degeneri (ncn) Hedyotis degeneri E Unattributed Dicot

Hedyotis parvula (ncn) Hedyotis parvula E Unattributed Dicot

Hedyotis St.

- Johni i (ncn) Hedyotis st.

- johnii E Unattributed Dicot

Hesperomannia Hesperomannia arborescens E Unattributed Dicot

Hesperomannia arbuscula Hesperomannia arbuscula E Unattributed Dicot

Hesperomannia lydgatei Hesperomannia lydgatei E Wetland Dicot

Hibiscus, Clay's Hibiscus clayi E Unattributed Dicot

ho'awa Pittosporum napaliense E Unattributed Dicot

Holei (Ochrosia Ochrosia kilaueaensis E Unattributed Dicot

Iliau (Wilkesia hobdyi) Wilkesia hobdyi E Unattributed Dicot

kamakahala Labordia helleri E Unattributed Dicot

Kamakahala (Labordia Labordia cyrtandrae E Wetland Dicot

Kamakahala (Labordia Labordia lydgatei E Wetland Dicot

Kamakahala (Labordia Labordia tinifolia var. E Unattributed Dicot

Kauila (Colubrina Colubrina oppositifolia E Unattrib uted Dicot

kaulu Pteralyxia macrocarpa E Wetland Dicot

Kaulu (Pteralyxia Pteralyxia kauaiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Kio'Ele (Hedyotis coriacea) Hedyotis coriacea E Unattributed Dicot

Kiponapona (Phyllostegia Phyllostegia racemosa E Unattributed Dicot

ko`oko`olau Bidens amplectens E Wetland Dicot

Koki'o (Kokia drynarioides) Kokia drynarioides E Unattributed Dicot

Koki'o (Kokia kauaiensis) Kokia kauaiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae E Unattributed Dicot

kolea Myrsine mezii E Unattributed Dicot

Kolea (Myrsine juddii) Myrsine juddii E Wetland Dicot

Kolea (Myrsine Myrsine linearifolia T Wetland Dicot

Ko'oko'olau (Bidens Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha E Unattributed Dicot

Ko'oloa'ula (Abutilon Abutilon menziesii E Unattributed Dicot

kopiko Psychotria grandiflora E Wetland Dicot

Kuawawaenohu Alsinidendron lychnoides E Wetland Dicot- Page 111 of 139

- Kulu'I (Nototrichium Nototrichium humile E Unattributed Dicot

Laukahi Kuahiwi Plantago hawaiensis E Unattribute d Dicot

Laukahi Kuahiwi Plantago princeps E Wetland Dicot

Laulihilihi (Schiedea Schiedea stellarioides E Unattributed Dicot

lehua makanoe Lysimachia daphnoides E Wetland Dicot

Liliwai (Acaena exigua) Acaena exigua E Wetland Dicot

Lipochaeta venosa (ncn ) Lipochaeta venosa E Unattributed Dicot

Lobelia monostachya (ncn) Lobelia monostachya E Unattributed Dicot

Lobelia niihauensis (ncn) Lobelia niihauensis E Terrestrial Dicot

Lobelia oahuensis (ncn) Lobelia oahuensis E Wetland Dicot

Lysimachia filifolia (ncn) Lysimachia filifolia E Wetland Dicot

Lysimachia lydgatei (ncn) Lysimachia lydgatei E Unattributed Dicot

Mahoe (Alectryon Alectryon macrococcus E Unattributed Dicot

Makou (Peucedanum Peucedanum sandwicense T Unattributed Dicot

Ma'o Hau Hele (Hibiscus Hibiscus brackenridgei E Unattributed Dicot

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea Schiedea apokremnos E Unattributed Dicot

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea Schiedea kealiae E Unattributed Dicot

Mapele (Cyrtandra Cyrtandra cyaneoides E Wetland Dicot

Mehamehame (Flueggea Flueggea neowawraea E Unattributed Dicot

Munroidendron Munroidendron racemosum E Unattributed Dicot

Na`ena`e Dubautia waialealae E Wetland Dicot

Naenae Dubautia kalalauensis E Unattributed Dicot

Na'ena'e (Dubautia Dubautia herbst obatae E Unattributed Dicot

Na'ena'e (Dubautia Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis E Unattributed Dicot

Nani Wai'ale'ale (Viola Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis E Unattributed Dicot

Nanu (Gardenia mannii) Gardenia mannii E Unattributed Dicot

Na'u (Gardenia brighamii) Gardenia brighamii E Unattributed Dicot

Naupaka, Dwarf (Scaevola Scaevola coriacea E Unattributed Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta fauriei) Lipochaeta fauriei E Unattributed Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta Lipochaeta kamolensis E Unattributed Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta lobata Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla E Unattributed Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta Lipochaeta micrantha E Unattributed Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta Lipochaeta tenuifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta Lipochaeta waimeaensis E Unattrib uted Dicot

Neraudia angulata (ncn) Neraudia angulata E Unattributed Dicot

Neraudia ovata (ncn) Neraudia ovata E Unattributed Dicot

Neraudia sericea (ncn) Neraudia sericea E Unattributed Dicot

Nioi (Eugenia koolauensis) Eugenia koolauensis E Unattributed Dicot

nohoanu Geranium kauaiense E Wetland Dicot

Nohoanu (Geranium Geranium multiflorum E Wetland Dicot

Oahu wild coffee Psychotria hexandra ssp. E Upland Dicot

'Oha (Delissea rivularis) Delissea rivularis E Unattributed Dicot

'Oha (Delissea subcordata) Delissea subcordata E Unattributed Dicot

'Oha (Delissea undulata) Delissea undulata E Unattributed Dicot

'Oha (Lobelia Lobelia gaudichaudii ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia Clermontia drepanomorpha E Wetland Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia Clermontia lindseyana E Unattributed Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia Clermontia peleana E Unattributed Dicot- Page 112 of 13 9

- 'Oha Wai (Clermontia Clermontia pyrularia E Unattrib uted Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia Clermontia samuelii E Wetland Dicot

'Ohai (Sesbania Sesbania tomentosa E Upland Dicot

'Ohe'ohe (Tetraplasandra Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa E Wetland Dicot

'Olulu (Brighamia insignis) Brighamia insignis E Unattributed Dicot

Opuhe (Urera kaalae) Urera kaalae E Unattributed Dicot

Pamakani (Viola Viola chamissoniana ssp. E Upland Dicot

Papala Charpentiera densiflora E Unattributed Dicot

Phyllostegia hirsuta (ncn) Phyllostegia hirsuta E Wetland Dicot

Phyllostegia kaalae nsis Phyllostegia kaalaensis E Unattributed Dicot

Phyllostegia knudsenii Phyllostegia knudsenii E Unattributed Dicot

Phyllostegia mannii (ncn) Phyllostegia mannii E Wetland Dicot

Phyllostegia mollis (ncn) Phyllostegia mollis E Unattributed Dicot

Phyll ostegia parviflora Phyllostegia parviflora E Unattributed Dicot

Phyllostegia velutina (ncn) Phyllostegia velutina E Unattributed Dicot

Phyllostegia waimeae Phyllostegia waimeae E Unattributed Dicot

Phyllostegia warshaueri Phyllostegia warshaueri E Wetland Dicot

Phyllostegia wawrana Phyllostegia wawrana E Wetland Dicot

Pilo (Hedyotis mannii) Hedyotis mannii E Unattributed Dicot

pilo kea lau li`i Platydesma rostrata E Unattributed Dicot

Po'e (Portulaca Portulaca sclerocarpa E Wetland Dicot

Popolo 'Aiakeakua Solanum sandwicense E Unattributed Dicot

Popolo Ku Mai (Solanum Solanum incompletum E Unattributed Dicot

Pua'ala (Brighamia rockii) Brighamia rockii E Unattributed Dicot

Remya kauaiensis (ncn) Remya kauaiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Remya montgomeryi (ncn) Remya montgomeryi E Unattributed Dicot

Remya, Maui Remya mauiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Sandalwood, Lanai Santalum freycinetianum var. E Unattributed Dicot

Sanicula mariversa (ncn) Sanicula mariversa E Unattributed Dicot

Sanic ula purpurea (ncn) Sanicula purpurea E Wetland Dicot

Schiedea haleakalensis Schiedea haleakalensis E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea helleri (ncn) Schiedea helleri E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea hookeri (ncn) Schiedea hookeri E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea k aalae (ncn) Schiedea kaalae E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea kauaiensis (ncn) Schiedea kauaiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea membranacea Schiedea membranacea E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea nuttallii (ncn) Schiedea nuttallii E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea spergulina var. Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda E Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea spergulina var. Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina T Unattributed Dicot

Schiedea, Diamond Head Schiedea adamantis E Unattributed Dicot

Silene hawaiiensis (ncn) Silene hawaiiensis T Unattributed Dicot

Silene lanceolata (ncn) Silene lanceolata E Unattributed Dicot

Silene perlmanii (ncn) Silene perlmanii E Unattributed Dicot

Silversword, Haleakala Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. T Unattributed Dicot

Silversword, Ka'u Argyroxiphium kauense E Wetland Dicot

Silversword, Mauna Kea Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Spermolepis hawaiiensis Spermolepis hawaiiensis E Unattributed Dicot

Stenogyne angustifolia Stenogyne angustifolia var

. E Unattributed Dicot

Stenogyne campanulata Stenogyne campanulata E Unattributed Dicot

Stenogyne kanehoana (ncn) Stenogyne kanehoana E Unattributed Dicot- Page 113 of 139

- Tetramolopium arenarium Tetramolopium arenarium E Unattributed Dicot

Tetramolopium capillare T etramolopium capillare E Unattributed Dicot

Tetramolopium filiforme Tetramolopium filiforme E Unattributed Dicot

Tetramolopium lepidotum Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Tetramolopium remyi (ncn) Tetramolopium remyi E Unattributed Dicot

Tetramolopium rockii (ncn) Tetramolopium rockii T Unattributed Dicot

Trematolobelia singularis Trematolobelia singularis E Wetland Dicot

Uhiuhi (Caesalpinia Caesalpinia kavaiense E Unattributed Dicot

Vetch, Hawaiian (Vicia Vicia menziesii E Unat tributed Dicot

Vigna o

- wahuensis (ncn) Vigna o

- wahuensis E Unattributed Dicot

Viola helenae (ncn) Viola helenae E Wetland Dicot

Viola oahuensis (ncn) Viola oahuensis E Wetland Dicot

Wahine Noho Kula Isodendrion pyrifolium E Unattributed Dicot

Xylosma crenatum (ncn) Xylosma crenatum E Wetland Dicot

Asplenium fragile var. Asplenium fragile var. insulare E Unattributed Ferns

aumakua, Palapalai Dryopteris crinalis podosorus E Unattributed Ferns

Diellia erecta (ncn) Diellia erecta E Unattributed Ferns

D iellia falcata (ncn) Diellia falcata E Unattributed Ferns

Diellia pallida (ncn) Diellia pallida E Unattributed Ferns

Diellia unisora (ncn) Diellia unisora E Unattributed Ferns

Diplazium molokaiense Diplazium molokaiense E Unattributed Ferns

Fern, Pendant Kihi Adenophorus periens E Unattributed Ferns

'Ihi'Ihi (Marsilea villosa) Marsilea villosa E Wetland Ferns

Pauoa (Ctenitis Ctenitis squamigera E Unattributed Ferns

Pteris lidgatei (ncn) Pteris lidgatei E Wetland Ferns

Wawae'Iole Huperzia mannii E Unattributed Ferns

Wawae'Iole Lycopodium ( Phlegmariurus) E Unattributed Ferns

Snail, Newcomb's Erinna newcombi T Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella abbreviata E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella apexfulva E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella bellula E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella buddii E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella bulimoides E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella byronii E T errestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella caesia E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella casta E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella cestus E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella concavospira E Terr estrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella curta E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella decipiens E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella decora E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella dimorpha E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella elegans E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella fulgens E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella fuscobasis E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella juddii E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella juncea E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella lehuiensis E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella leucorraphe E Terrestrial Gastropod- Page 114 of 139

- Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella lila E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella livida E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella lorata E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella mustelina E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella papyracea E Te rrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella phaeozona E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella pulcherrima E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella pupukanioe E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella rosea E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella sowerbyana E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella spaldingi E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella stewartii E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella swiftii E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella taeniolata E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella thaahumi E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella turgida E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella valida E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella viridans E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella vittata E Terrestrial Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree Achatinella vulpina E Terrestrial Gastropod

blackline Hawaiian Megalagrion nigrohamatum E Terrestrial Insect

Crimson Hawaiian Megalagrion leptodemas E Terrestrial Insect

Damselfly, Flying Earwig Megalagrion nesiotes E Terrestrial Insect

Damselfly, Pacific Megalagrion pacificum E Terrestrial Insect

Fly, Hawaiian picture

- wing Drosophila aglaia E Terrestrial Insect

Hawaiian picture

- wing Fly Drosophila sharpi E Terrestrial Insect

Moth, Blackburn's Sphinx Manduca blackburni E Terrestrial Insect

Oceanic Hawaiian Megalagrion oceanicum E Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Hawaiian Hoary Lasiurus cinereus semotus E Terrestrial, Mammal

Seal, Hawaiian Monk Monachus schauinslandi E Saltwater, Mammal

Bluegrass, Hawaiian Poa sandvicensis E Wetland Monocot

Bluegrass, Mann's (Poa Poa mannii E Wetland Monocot

Grass, Fosberg's Love Eragrostis fosbergii E Unattributed Monocot

Hala Pepe (Pleomele Pleomele hawaiiensis E Unattributed Monocot

Hilo Ischaemum Ischaemum byrone E Wetland Monocot

Kamanomano (Cenchrus Cenchrus agrimonioides E Unattributed Monocot

Lau'ehu (Panicum Panicum niihauense E Unattributed Monocot

lo`ulu Pritchardia hardyi E Wetland Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia affinis) Pritchardia affinis E Wetland Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia kaalae) Pritchardia kaalae E Wetland Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia Pritchardia napaliensis E Unattributed Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia Pritchardia schattaueri E Unattributed Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia Pritchardia viscosa E Wetland Monocot

Mariscus fauriei (ncn) Mariscus fauriei E Unattributed Monocot

Mariscus pennatiformis Mariscus pennat iformis E Unattributed Monocot

Pa'iniu Astelia waialealae E Wetland Monocot

Panicgrass, Carter's Panicum fauriei var. carteri E Unattributed Monocot

Platanthera holochila Platanthera holochila E Wetland Monocot

Poa siphonoglossa (ncn) Poa siphonoglossa E Wetland Monocot- Page 115 of 139

- Pu'uka'a (Cyperus Cyperus trachysanthos E Wetland Monocot

**Idaho** ( 18) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed Dicot

Four

- o'clock, Macfarlane's Mirabilis macfarlanei T Unattributed Dicot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Dicot

Peppergrass, Slick Spot Lepidium papilliferum T Unattributed Dicot

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) E/T Freshwater, Fish

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) nerka E Freshwater, Fish

Steelhead Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) mykiss E/T Freshwater, Fish

Sturgeon, White Acipenser transmontanus E Freshwater, Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Fish

Limpet, Banbury Springs Lanx sp. E Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Bliss Rapids Taylorconcha serp enticola T Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Snake River Physa Physa natricina E Terrestrial Gastropod

Springsnail, Bruneau Hot Pyrgulopsis bruneauensis E Freshwater Gastropod

Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos horribilis T Terrestrial Mammal

Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus caribou E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Squirrel, Northern Idaho Spermophilus brunneus brunneus T Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

**Illinois** ( 27) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Clubshell Pl eurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Fat Potamilus capax E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Orange

- Plethobasus cooperianus E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Amphipod, Illinois Cave Gammarus acherondytes E Freshwater, Crustacean

Aster, Decurrent False Boltonia decurrens T Unattributed Dicot

Clover, Leafy Prairie Dale a foliosa E Unattributed Dicot

Clover, Prairie Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed Dicot

Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea T Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed Dicot

Potato

- bean, Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed Dicot

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Snail, Iowa Pleistocene Discus macclintocki E Terrestr ial Gastropod

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot- Page 116 of 139

- **Indiana** ( 20) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Fat Potamilus capax E Freshwater Bivalve

P earlymussel, White Cat's Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua E Freshwater Bivalve

Rayed Bean Villosa fabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Clover, Running Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed Dicot

Goldenrod, Short's Solidago shortii E Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed Dicot

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Orchid, Eas tern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Snake, Northern Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Iowa** ( 16) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Clover, Prairie Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed Dicot

Monkshood, Northern Wild Aconitum noveboracense T Unattributed Dicot

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka ( t ristis) E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Snail, Iowa Pleistocene Discus macclintocki E Terrestrial Gastropod

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Kansas** ( 14) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Milkweed, Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed Dicot

Madtom, Neosho Noturus placidus T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Arkansas River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka ( tristis) E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish- Page 117 of 139

- Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Sa ltwater Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Kentucky** ( 50) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler (=Wood), Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler, Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Ivory

- billed Campephilus principalis E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Alasmidonta atropurpurea E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Oyster Epioblasma capsaeformis E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Obovaria retusa E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Quadrula sparsa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymuss el, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Villosa trabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Dromus dromas E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Fat Potamilus capax E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Orange

- Plethobasus cooperianus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Epioblasma obliquata obliquata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- Epioblasma torulosa torulosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, White Plethobasus cicatricosus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Yellow

- Epioblasma florentina florentina E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina walkeri E Fre shwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Shrimp, Kentucky Cave Palaemonias ganteri E Freshwater Crustacean

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Clover, Running Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed Dicot

Goldenrod, Short's Solidago shortii E Unattributed Dicot

Goldenrod, White

- haired Solidago albopilosa T Unattributed Dicot

Potato

- bean, Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed Dicot

Rock

- cress, Small Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. E Unattributed Dicot

Rosemary, Cumberland Conradina verticillata T Wetland Dicot

Sandwort, Cumberland Arenaria cumberlandensis E Unattributed Dicot

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Cumberland darter Etheostoma susanae E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Blackside Phoxinus cumberlandensis T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Relict Etheostoma chienense E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Palezone Notropis albizonatus E Freshwater Fish- Page 118 of 139

- Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaph irhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Corynorhinus (Pleco tus) E Terrestrial, Mammal

Wolf, Red Canis rufus E Terrestrial Mammal

**Louisiana** ( 17) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter Potamilus inflatus T Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlshell, Louisiana Margaritifera hembeli T Freshwater Bivalve

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Fruit, Earth ( geocarpon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed Dicot

Quillwort, Louisiana Isoetes louisianensis E Wetland Ferns

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi T Freshwater, Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Bear, American Black Ursus americanus SAT Terrestrial Mammal

Bear, Louisiana Black Ursus americanus luteolus T Terrestrial Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus ma natus E Saltwater Mammal

Tortoise, Gopher Gopherus polyphemus T Terrestrial Reptile

Turtle, Ringed Map Graptemys oculifera T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Maine** ( 9) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Lousewort, Furbish Pedicularis furbishiae E Wetland Dicot

Salmon, Atlantic Salmo salar E Freshwater, Fish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Bear, American Black Ursus americanus SAT Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

**Maryland** ( 15) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Amaranth, Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland Dicot

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Joint

- vetch, Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland Dicot

Darter, Maryland Etheostoma sellare E Freshwater Fish

Beetle, Northeastern Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis T Terrestrial Insect

Bee tle, Puritan Tiger Cicindela puritana T Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Squirrel, Delmarva Sciurus niger cinereus E Terrestrial Mammal- Page 119 of 139

- Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Massachusetts** ( 13) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed Dicot

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Beet le, Northeastern Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis T Terrestrial Insect

Beetle, Puritan Tiger Cicindela puritana T Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

Turtle, Plymouth Red

- Pseudemys rubriventris bangsi E Terrestrial, Reptile

**Michigan** ( 22) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Warbler (=Wood), Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra E Freshwater Bivalve

Rayed Bean Villosa fabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffle shell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana E Freshwater Bivalve

Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea T Unattributed Dicot

Goldenrod, Houghton's Solidago houghtonii T Wetland Dicot

Monkey

- flower, Michigan Mimulus glabratus var. E Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed Dicot

Fern, American hart's

- Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Unattributed Ferns

Beetle, Hungerford's Brychius hungerfordi E Freshwater Insect

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii E Terrestrial, Insect

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Iris, Dwarf Lake Iris lacustris T Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Snake, Nor thern Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Minnesota** ( 12) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Clover, Prairie Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed Dicot

Roseroot, Leedy's Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi T Unattributed Dicot- Page 120 of 139

- Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka ( tristis) E Freshwater Fish

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Lily, Minnesota Trout Erythronium propullans E Unattributed Monocot

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Mississippi** ( 32) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Frog, Dusky Gopher Rana capito sevosa E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Crane, Mississippi Grus canadensis pulla E Terrestrial, Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Combshell, Southern Epioblasma penita E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Orange

- nacre Lampsilis perovalis T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama Medionidus acutissimus T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Black (=Curtus' Pleurobema curtum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe Pleurobema taitianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter Potamilus inflatus T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Clubshell Pleurobema decisum E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Fat Potamilus capax E Freshwater Bivalve

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Potato

- bean, Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed Dicot

Quillwort, Louisiana Isoetes louisianensis E Wetland Ferns

Darter, Bayou Etheostoma rubrum T Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi T Freshwater, Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bear, American Black Ursus americanus SAT Terrestrial Mammal

Bear, Louisiana Black Ursus americanus luteolus T Terrestrial Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais couperi T Terrestrial Reptile

Tortoise, Gopher Gopherus polyphemus T Terrestrial Reptile

Turtle, Alabama Red

- bellied Pseudemys alabamensis E Terrestrial, Reptile

Turtle, Ringed Map Graptemys oculifera T Terrestrial, Reptile

Turtle, Yellow

- blotched Graptemys flavimaculata T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Missouri** ( 30) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Ozark Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis E Freshwater Amphibian

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Curtis' Epioblasma florentina curtisii E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Fat Potamilus capax E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Bivalve- Page 121 of 139

- Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Aster, Decurrent False Boltonia decurrens T Unattributed Dicot

Bladderpod, Missouri Lesquerella filiformis T Unattributed Dicot

Clover, Running Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unat tributed Dicot

Fruit, Earth ( geocarpon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed Dicot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Sneezeweed, Virginia Helenium virginicum T Wetland Dicot

Cavefish, Ozark Amblyopsis rosae T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Niangua Etheostoma nianguae T Freshwater Fish

Madtom, Neosho Noturus placidus T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka ( tristis) E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

S turgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Cavesnail, Tumbling Creek Antrobia culveri E Freshwater, Gastropod

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bear, American Black Ursus americanus SAT Terrestrial Mammal

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Montana** ( 12) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed Dicot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Dicot

Sturg eon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Fish

Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos horribilis T Terrestrial Mammal

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

**Nebraska** ( 15) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Gaura neomexicana var. T Unattributed Dicot

Penstemon, Blowout Penstemon haydenii E Unattributed Dicot

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka ( tristis) E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Beetle, Salt Creek Tiger Cicindela nevadica lincolniana E Terrestrial Insect

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal- Page 122 of 139

- Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Nevada** (38) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Rail, Yuma Clapper Rallus longirostris yumanensis E Terrestrial Bird

Blazing Star, Ash Meadows Mentzelia leucophylla T Wetland Dicot

Buckwheat, Steamboat Eriogonum ovalifolium var. E Unattributed Dicot

Centaury, Spring

- loving Centaurium namophilum T Wetland Dicot

Gumplant, Ash Meadows Grindel ia fraxino

- pratensis T Wetland Dicot

Ivesia, Ash Meadows Ivesia kingii var. eremica T Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Ash Meadows Astragalus phoenix T Wetland Dicot

Niterwort, Amargosa Nitrophila mohavensis E Wetland Dicot

Poolfish, Pahrump (= Empetrichthys latos E Freshwater Dicot

Sunray, Ash Meadows Enceliopsis nudicaulis var. corrugata T Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Pahranagat Gila robusta jordani E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Virgin River Gila seminuda ( robusta) E Freshwater Fish

Cui

- ui Chasmistes cujus E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Ash Meadows Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Clover Valley Rhinichthys osculus oligoporus E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Desert Eremichthys acros T Freshwater Fish

Dace, Independence Valley Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Moapa Moapa coriacea E Freshwater Fish

Pupfish, Ash Meadows Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes E Freshwater Fish

Pupfish, Devils Hole Cyprinodon diabolis E Freshwater Fish

Pupfi sh, Warm Springs Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis E Freshwater Fish

Spinedace, Big Spring Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis T Freshwater Fish

Spinedace, White River Lepidomeda albivallis E Freshwater Fish

Springfish, Hiko White Crenichthys baileyi grandis E Freshwater Fish

Springfish, Railroad Valley Crenichthys nevadae T Freshwater Fish

Springfish, White River Crenichthys baileyi baileyi E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Warner Catostomus warnerensis T Freshwat er Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi T Freshwater Fish

Woundfin Plagopterus argentissimus E Freshwater Fish

Naucorid, Ash Meadows Ambrysus amargosus T Terrestrial Insect

Skipper , Carson Wandering Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus E Terrestrial Insect

Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Reptile

**New Hampshire** ( 7) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Milk

- vetch, Jesup's Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi E Unattributed Dicot

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot- Page 123 of 139

- Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

**New Jersey** ( 12) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Amaranth, Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Joint

- vetch, Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland Dicot

Beetle, Northeastern Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis T Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Beaked

- rush, Knieskern's Rhynchospor a knieskernii T Wetland Monocot

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**New Mexico** ( 46) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Rana chiricahuensis T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Falco femoralis septentrionalis E Terrestrial Bird

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Amphipod, Noel's Gammarus desperatus E Freshwater Crustacean

Isopod, Socorro Thermosphaeroma thermophilus E Freshwater Crustacean

Cactus, Knowlton Pediocactus knowltonii E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Kuenzler Hedgehog Echinocereus fendleri var. kuenzleri E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Lee Pincushion Coryphantha sneedii var. leei T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Mesa Verde Sclerocactus mesae

- verdae T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Sneed Pincushion Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii E Unattributed Dicot

Fleabane, Zuni Erigeron rhizomatus T Unattributed Dicot

Ipomopsis, Holy Ghost Ipomopsis sancti

- spiritus E Unattributed Dicot

M ilk

- vetch, Mancos Astragalus humillimus E Unattributed Dicot

Pennyroyal, Todsen's Hedeoma todsenii E Unattributed Dicot

Poppy, Sacramento Prickly Argemone pleiacantha ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Sunflower, Pecos Helianthus paradoxus T Wetland Dicot

Thist le, Sacramento Cirsium vinaceum T Wetland Dicot

Wild

- buckwheat, Gypsum Eriogonum gypsophilum T Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Chihuahua Gila nigrescens T Freshwater Fish

Chub, Gila Gila intermedia E Freshwater Fish

Gambusia, Pecos Gambusia nobilis E Freshwater Fish

Minnow, Loach Tiaroga cobitis E Freshwater Fish

Minnow, Rio Grande Silvery Hybognathus amarus E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Arkansas River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Beautiful Cyprinella formosa T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Pecos Bluntnose Notropis simus pecosensis T Freshwater Fish

Spikedace Meda fulgida E Freshwater Fish

Squawfish, Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Poeciliopsis occidentalis E Freshwater Fish- Page 124 of 139

- Trout, Gila Oncorhynchus gilae E Freshwater Fish

Snail, Pecos Assiminea Assiminea pecos E Freshwater Gastropod

Springsnail, Alamosa Tryonia alamosae E Freshwater Gastropod

Springsnail, Chupadera Pyrgulopsis chupaderae E Terrestrial, Gastro pod

Springsnail, Koster's Juturnia kosteri E Terrestrial Gastropod

Springsnail, Roswell Pyrgulopsis roswellensis E Freshwater Gastropod

Springsnail, Socorro Pyrgulopsis neomexicana E Freshwater Gastropod

Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Leptonycteris curasoae E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Mexican Long

- nosed Leptonycteris nivalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal

Jaguar Panthera onca E Terrestrial Mammal

Rattlesnake, New Mexic an Crotalus willardi obscurus T Terrestrial Reptile

**New York** ( 18) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Rayed Bean Villosa fabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Amaranth, Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed Dicot

Goldenrod, Houghton's Solidago houghtonii T Wetland Dicot

Monkshood, Northern Wild Aconitum noveboracense T Unattributed Dicot

Roseroot, Leedy's Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi T Unattributed Dicot

Fern, American hart's

- Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Unattributed Ferns

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Snail, Chittenango Ovate Succinea chittenangoensis T Terrestrial, Gastropod

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**North Carolina** (56) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Spider, Spruce

- fir Moss Microhexura montivaga E Terrestrial Arachnid

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Elktoe, Appalachian Alasmidonta raveneliana E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter Lasmigona decorata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Villosa trabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina walkeri E Freshwater Bivalve

Spinymussel, James River Pleurobema collina E Freshwater Bivalve

Spinymussel, Tar River Elliptio steinstansana E Freshwater Bivalve

Amaranth, Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Avens, Spreading Geum radiatum E Unattributed Dicot- Page 125 of 139

- Bittercress, Small

- anthered Cardamine micranthera E Wetland Dicot

Blazing Star, Heller's Liatris helleri T Unattributed Dicot

Bluet, Roan Mountain Hedyotis purpurea var. montana E Unattributed Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Coneflower, Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed Dicot

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetlan d Dicot

Goldenrod, Blue Ridge Solidago spithamaea T Unattributed Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Heartleaf, Dwarf

- flowered Hexastylis naniflora T Unattributed Dicot

Heather, Mountain Golden Hudsonia montana T Unattributed Dicot

Joint

- vetch, Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland Dicot

Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved Lysimachia asperulaefolia E Wetland Dicot

Meadowrue, Cooley's Thalictrum cooleyi E Wetland Dicot

Pitcher

- plant, Green Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Dicot

Pitcher

- plant, Mountain Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii E Unattributed Dicot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Sumac, Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed Dicot

Sunflower, Schweinitz's H elianthus schweinitzii E Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Fish

Logperch, Roanoke Percina rex E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Cape Fear Notropis mekistocholas E Freshwater Fish

Silverside, Waccamaw Menidia extensa T Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Snail, Noonday Mesodon clarki nantahala T Terrestrial Gastropod

Butterfly, Saint Francis' Neonympha mitchellii francisci E Terrestrial Insect

Lichen, Rock Gnome Gymnoderma lineare E Unattribu ted Lichen

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Corynorhinus (Plecotus) E Terrestrial, Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Puma (Cougar), Eastern Puma (Felis) concolor E Terrestrial Mammal

Squirrel, Carolina Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus E Terrestrial Mammal

Wolf, Red Canis rufus E Terrestrial Mammal

Arrowhead, Bunched Sagittaria fasciculata E Wetland Monocot

Irisette, White Sisy rinchium dichotomum E Unattributed Monocot

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Sedge, Golden Carex lutea E Unattributed Monocot

Alligator, American Alligator mississippiensis T Terrestrial, Reptile

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**North Dakota** ( 8) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal- Page 126 of 139

- Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Northern Mariana Islands** ( 6) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crow, Mariana Corvus kubaryi E Terrestrial Bird

Megapode, Micronesian Megapodius laperouse E Terrestrial Bird

Moorhen, Mariana Gallinula chloropus guami E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler, nightingale reed Acrocephalus luscinia E Terrestrial Bird

White

- eye, Rota Bridled Zosterops rotensis E Terrestrial Bird

Bat, Mariana Fruit Pteropus mariannus mariannus T Terrest rial, Mammal

**Ohio** ( 21) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Epioblasma obliquata obliquata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, White Cat's Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua E Freshwater Bivalve

Rayed Bean Villosa fabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Clover, Running Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed Dicot

Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea T Unattributed Dicot

Monkshood, Northern Wild Aconitum noveboracense T Unattributed Dicot

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Madtom, Scioto Noturus trautmani E Freshwater Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Is otria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Snake, Northern Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Oklahoma** ( 20) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Vireo, Black

- capped Vireo atricapilla E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Rock

- pocketbook, Arkansia wheeleri E Freshwater Bivalve

Cavefish, Ozark Amblyopsis rosae T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Leopard Percina pantherina T Freshwater Fish

Madtom, Neosho Noturus placidus T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Arkansas River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Ozark Big

- eared Corynorhinus (Plecotus) E Terrestrial, Mammal- Page 127 of 139

- Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

Alli gator, American Alligator mississippiensis T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Oregon** ( 40) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Albatross, Short

- tailed Phoebastria (Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial, Bird

Murrelet, Marbled Brachyramphus marmoratus T Terrestrial, Bird

Owl, Northern Spotted Strix occidentalis caurina T Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Western Snowy Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus T Terrestrial Bird

Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool Branchinecta lynchi T Vernal pool Crustacean

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed Dicot

Checker

- mallow, Nelson's Sidalcea nelsoniana T Wetland Dicot

Daisy, Willamette Erigeron decumbens var. E Unattributed Dicot

Four

- o'clock, Macfarlane's Mirabilis macfarlanei T Unattributed Dicot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T We tland Dicot

Lomatium, Bradshaw's Lomatium bradshawii E Wetland Dicot

Lomatium, Cook's Lomatium cookii E Wetland Dicot

Lupine, Kincaid's Lupinus sulphureus (oreganus) T Unattributed Dicot

Meadowfoam, Large

- Limnanthes floccosa ssp. E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Applegate's Astragalus applegatei E Unattributed Dicot

Paintbrush, Golden Castilleja levisecta T Unattributed Dicot

Popcornflower, Rough Plagiobothrys hirtus E Wetland Dicot

Rock

- cress, McDonald's Arabis mcdonaldiana E Unattributed Dicot

The lypody, Howell's Thelypodium howellii spectabilis T Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Hutton Tui Gila bicolor ssp. T Freshwater Fish

Chub, Oregon Oregonichthys crameri E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Foskett Speckled Rhinichthys osculus ssp. T Freshwater Fish

Salmon, Chi nook Oncorhynchus (Salmo) E/T Freshwater, Fish

Salmon, Chum Oncorhynchus (Salmo) keta T Freshwater, Fish

Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus (Salmo) kisutch E/T Freshwater, Fish

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus (Salmo) nerka E Freshwater, Fish

Steelhead Oncorhynchus (Salmo) mykiss E/T Freshwater, Fish

Sucker, Lost River Deltistes luxatus E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Modoc Catostomus microps E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Shortnose Chasmistes brevirostris E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Warner Catostomus warnerensis T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi T Freshwater Fish

Butterfly, Fender's Blue Icaricia icarioides fenderi E Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Oregon Speyeria zerene hippolyta T Terrestrial Insect

Deer, Columbian White

- Odocoileus virginianus leucurus E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Mammal

Fritillary, Gentner's Fritillaria gentneri E U nattributed Monocot

Lily, Western Lilium occidentale E Wetland Monocot

**Pennsylvania** ( 11) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve- Page 128 of 139

- Mussel, snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra E Freshwater Bivalve

Rayed Bean Villosa fabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Puerto Rico** ( 66) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Coqui, Golden Eleutherodactylus jasperi T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Guajon Eleutherodactylus cooki T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Toad, Puerto Rican Crested Peltophryne lemur T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Blackbird, Yellow

- Agelaius xanthomus E Terrestrial Bird

Hawk, Puerto Rican Broad

- Buteo platypterus brunnescens E Terrestrial Bird

Hawk, Puerto Rican Sharp

- Accipiter striatus venator E Terrestrial Bird

Nightjar, Puerto Rico Caprimulgus noctitherus E Terrestrial Bi rd

Parrot, Puerto Rican Amazona vittata E Terrestrial Bird

Pigeon, Puerto Rican Plain Columba inornata wetmorei E Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Coral, E lkhorn Acropora palmata T Saltwater Coral

Coral, Staghorn Acropora cervicornis T Saltwater Coral

Auerodendron Auerodendron pauciflorum E Unattributed Dicot

Bariaco Trichilia triacantha E Unattributed Dicot

Boxwood, Vahl's Buxus vahlii E Unattributed Dicot

Capa Rosa Callicarpa ampla E Wetland Dicot

Catesbaea Melanocarpa Catesbaea melanocarpa E Unattributed Dicot

Chamaecrista glandulosa Chamaecrista glandulosa var. E Unattributed Dicot

Chumbo, Higo Harrisia portoricensis T Unattributed Dicot

Chupacallos Pleodendron macranthum E Wetland Dicot

Cobana Negra Stahlia monosperma T Wetland Dicot

Cordia bellonis (ncn) Cordia bellonis E Wetland Dicot

Daphnopsis hellerana Daphnopsis hellerana E Unattributed Dicot

Erubia Solanum drymophilum E Unattributed Dicot

Eugenia Woodburyana Eugenia woodburyana E Unattributed Dicot

Gesneria pauciflora (ncn) Gesneria pauciflora T Wetland Dicot

Goetzea, Beautiful Goetzea elegans E Unattributed Dicot

Higuero De Sierra Crescentia portoricensis E Wetland D icot

Holly, Cook's Ilex cookii E Wetland Dicot

Ilex sintenisii (ncn) Ilex sintenisii E Wetland Dicot

Lyonia truncata var. Lyonia truncata var. proctorii E Unattributed Dicot

Mitracarpus Maxwelliae Mitracarpus maxwelliae E Unattributed Dicot

Mitracarpus Polycladus Mitracarpus polycladus E Unattributed Dicot

Myrcia Paganii Myrcia paganii E Unattributed Dicot

Palo Colorado Ternstroemia luquillensis E Wetland Dicot

Palo de Jazmin Styrax portoricensis E Wetland Dicot

Palo de Nigua Cornutia obovata E Wetlan d Dicot

Palo de Ramon Banara vanderbiltii E Unattributed Dicot

Palo de Rosa Ottoschulzia rhodoxylon E Unattributed Dicot- Page 129 of 139

- Peperomia, Wheeler's Peperomia wheeleri E Unattributed Dicot

Prickly

- ash, St. Thomas Zanthoxylum thomasianum E Unattributed Dicot

Schoepfia arenaria (ncn) Schoepfia arenaria T Unattributed Dicot

Ternstroemia subsessilis Ternstroemia subsessilis E Wetland Dicot

Uvillo Eugenia haematocarpa E Wetland Dicot

Vernonia Proctorii (ncn) Vernonia proctorii E Unattributed Dicot

Fern, Elaphog lossum Elaphoglossum serpens E Unattributed Ferns

Fern, Thelypteris Thelypteris inabonensis E Unattributed Ferns

Fern, Thelypteris verecunda Thelypteris verecunda E Unattributed Ferns

Fern, Thelypteris Thelypteris yaucoensis E Unattributed Ferns

Polystichum calderonense Polystichum calderonense E Unattributed Ferns

Tectaria Estremerana Tectaria estremerana E Unattributed Ferns

Tree Fern, Elfin Cyathea dryopteroides E Unattributed Ferns

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Aristida chaseae (ncn) Aristida chaseae E Unattributed Monocot

Cranichis Ricartii Cranichis ricartii E Unattributed Monocot

Lepanthes eltorensis (ncn) Lepanthes eltoroensis E Unattributed Monocot

Manaca, palma de Calyptronoma rivalis T Wetland Monocot

P elos del Diablo Aristida portoricensis E Unattributed Monocot

Walnut, Nogal Juglans jamaicensis E Unattributed Monocot

Boa, Puerto Rican Epicrates inornatus E Terrestrial Reptile

Boa, Virgin Islands Tree Epicrates monensis granti E Terrestrial Reptile

Sea turtle, green Chelonia mydas E/T Saltwater Reptile

Sea turtle, hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricata E Saltwater, Reptile

Sea turtle, leatherback Dermochelys coriacea E Saltwater, Reptile

Sea turtle, loggerhead Caretta caretta E/T Saltwater, Reptile

**Rho de Island**  (7) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed Dicot

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Puma (Cougar), Eastern Puma (Felis) concolor (all subsp. E Terrestrial Mammal

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

**South Carolina** (32) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Frosted Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Warbler (=Wood), Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler, Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Heelsplitter Lasmigona decorata E Freshwater Bivalve

Amaranth, S eabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Amphianthus, Little Amphianthus pusillus T Wetland Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Coneflower, Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed Dicot

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland Dicot- Page 130 of 139

- Gooseberry, Miccosukee Ribes echinellum T Wetland Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Heartleaf, Dwarf

- flowered Hexastylis naniflora T Unattributed Dicot

Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved Lysimachia asperulaefolia E Wetland Dicot

Pit cher

- plant, Mountain Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii E Unattributed Dicot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Dicot

Sumac, Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed Dicot

Sunflower, Schweinitz's Helianthus schweinitzii E Unattributed Dicot

Quillwort, Black

- spored Isoetes melanospora E Wetland Ferns

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Lichen, Rock Gnome Gymnoderma lineare E Unattributed Lichen

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Arrowhead, Bunched Sagit taria fasciculata E Wetland Monocot

Irisette, White Sisyrinchium dichotomum E Unattributed Monocot

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Trillium, Persistent Trillium persistens E Unattributed Monocot

Trillium, Relict Trillium reliquum E Unattributed Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**South Dakota** (12) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Bivalve

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka (tristis) E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot

**Tennessee** (91) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Spider, Spruce

- fir Moss Microhexura montivaga E Terrestrial Arachnid

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Combshell, Upland Epioblasma metastriata E Freshwater Biva lve

Elktoe, Appalachian Alasmidonta raveneliana E Freshwater Bivalve

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Kidneyshell, Triangular Ptychobranchus greenii E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama Medionidus acutissimus T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Coosa Medionidus parvulus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Alasmidonta atropurpurea E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Pigtoe Pleurobema gibberum E Freshwater Bivalve- Page 131 of 139

- Mussel, Fine

- lined Lampsilis altilis T Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe Fusconaia cuneolus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Georgia pigtoe Pleurobema hanleyianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Oyster Epioblasma capsaeformis E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Ring Pink Obovaria retusa E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Pleurobe ma plenum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Fusconaia cor E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema georgianum E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Alabama Lampsilis virescens E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Quadrula sparsa E Fresh water Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Birdwing Lemiox rimosus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Villosa trabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Quadrula intermedia E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Dromus dromas E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Green

- Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Orange

- Plethobasus cooperianus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymu ssel, Pale Lilliput Toxolasma cylindrellus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Epioblasma obliquata obliquata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- Epioblasma torulosa torulosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Turgid

- Epioblasma turgidula E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, White Plethobasus cicatricosus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Yellow

- Epioblasma florentina florentina E Freshwater Bivalve

Purple Bean Villosa perpurpurea E Freshwater Bivalve

Rabbitsfoot, Rough Quadrula cylindrica strigillata E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina walkeri E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Crayfish, Nashville Orconectes shoupi E Freshwater Crustacean

Aster, Ruth's Golden Pityopsis ruthii E Unattributed Dicot

Avens, Spreading Geum radiatum E Unattributed Dicot

Bladderpod, Spring Creek Lesquerella perforata E Unattributed Dicot

Bluet, Roan Mountain Hedyotis purpurea var. montana E Unattributed Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Clover, Leafy Prairie Dalea foliosa E Unattributed Dicot

Goldenrod, Blue Ridge Solidago spithamaea T Unattributed Dicot

Ground

- plum, Guthrie's As tragalus bibullatus E Unattributed Dicot

Pitcher

- plant, Green Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Dicot

Potato

- bean, Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed Dicot

Rock

- cress, Braun's Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. E Unattributed Dicot

Rosemary, Cumberland Conradina verticillata T Wetland Dicot

Sandwort, Cumberland Arenaria cumberlandensis E Unattributed Dicot

Skullcap, Large

- flowered Scutellaria montana T Unattributed Dicot

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Fern, American har t's

- Asplenium scolopendrium var. T Unattributed Ferns

Chub, Slender Erimystax cahni T Freshwater Fish

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Fish- Page 132 of 139

- Chucky Madtom Noturus crypticus E Freshwater Fish

Cumberland darter Etheostoma susanae E Freshwater Fish

Dace, Blackside Phoxinus cumberlandensis T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Amber Percina antesella E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Bluemask ( jewel) Etheostoma sp. E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Boulder Etheostoma wapiti E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Duskytail Etheostoma per cnurum E Freshwater Fish

Darter, Slackwater Etheostoma boschungi T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Snail Percina tanasi T Freshwater Fish

Laurel dace Chrosomus aylori E Freshwater Fish

Logperch, Conasauga Percina jenkinsi E Freshwater Fish

Madtom, Pygmy Noturus stanauli E Freshwater Fish

Madtom, Smoky Noturus baileyi E Freshwater Fish

Madtom, Yellowfin Noturus flavipinnis T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Blue Cyprinella caerulea T Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Palezone Notropis albizonatus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid S caphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Marstonia, Royal l Pyrgulopsis ogmorhaphe E Terrestrial Gastropod

Riversnail, Anthony's Athearnia anthonyi E Freshwater Gastropod

Snail, Painted Snake Anguispira picta T Terrestrial Gastropod

Lichen, Rock Gnome Gymnoderma lineare E Unattributed Lichen

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Squirrel, Carolina Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus E Terrestrial Mammal

Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- Xyris tennesseensis E Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

**Texas** (81) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Barton Eurycea sosorum E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, San Marcos Eurycea nana T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Salamander, Texas Blind Typhlomolge rathbuni E Freshwater, Amphibian

Toad, Houston Bufo houstonensis E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Harvestman, Bee Creek Texella reddelli E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Harvestman, Bone Cave Texella reyesi E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Harvestman, Texella cokendolpheri E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Meshweaver, Braken Bat Cicurina venii E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Meshweaver, Government Cicurina vespera E Terrestrial, Arac hnid

Meshweaver, Madla's Cave Cicurina madla E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Meshweaver, Robber Cicurina baronia E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Pseudoscorpion, Tooth Tartarocreagris texana E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Spider, Government Neoleptoneta microps E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Spider, Tooth Cave Leptoneta myopica E Terrestrial, Arachnid

Crane, Mississippi Grus canadensis pulla E Terrestrial, Bird

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Falc on, Northern Aplomado Falco femoralis septentrionalis E Terrestrial Bird

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird- Page 133 of 139

- Prairie

- chicken, Attwater's Tympanuchus cupido attwateri E Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Vireo, Black

- capped Vireo atricapilla E Terrestrial Bird

Warbler (=Wood), Golden

- Dendroica chrysoparia E Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Amphipod, Peck's Cave Stygobromus ( Stygonectes) pecki E Freshwater, Crustacean

Ambrosia, South Texas Ambrosia cheiranthifolia E Unattributed Dicot

Ayenia, Texas Ayenia limitaris E Unattributed Dicot

Bladderpod, White Lesquerella pallida E Wetland Dicot

Bladderpod, Zapata Lesquerella thamnophila E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Black Lace Echinocereus reichenbachii var. E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Bunched Cory Coryphantha ramillosa T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Chisos Mountain Echinocereus chisoensis var. T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Lloyd's Mariposa Echinomastus mariposensis T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Nellie Cory Coryphantha minima E Unattributed Dicot

C actus, Sneed Pincushion Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Star Astrophytum asterias E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Tobusch Fishhook Ancistrocactus tobuschii E Unattributed Dicot

Cat's

- eye, Terlingua Creek Cryptantha crassipes E Unattributed Dicot

Dawn

- flower, Texas Hymenoxys texana E Wetland Dicot

Dogweed, Ashy Thymophylla tephroleuca E Unattributed Dicot

Frankenia, Johnston's Frankenia johnstonii E Unattributed Dicot

Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed Dicot

Manioc, Walker's Manihot walkerae E Unattributed Dicot

Oak, Hinckley Quercus hinckleyi T Unattributed Dicot

Phlox, Texas Trailing Phlox nivalis ssp. texensis E Unattributed Dicot

Pitaya, Davis' Green Echinocereus viridiflorus var. davisii E Unattributed Dicot

Poppy

- mallow, Texas Callirhoe scabriuscula E Unattributed Dicot

Rush

- pea, Slender Hoffmannseggia tenella E Unattributed Dicot

Sand

- verbena, Large

- fruited Abronia macrocarpa E Unattributed Dicot

Snowbells, Texas Styrax texanus E Unattributed Dicot

Sunflower, Pecos Helianthus paradoxus T Wetland Dicot

Darter, Fountain Etheostoma fonticola E Freshwater Fish

Gambusia, Big Bend Gambusia gaigei E Freshwater Fish

Gambusia, Clear Creek Gambusia heterochir E Freshwater Fish

Gam busia, Pecos Gambusia nobilis E Freshwater Fish

Gambusia, San Marcos Gambusia georgei E Freshwater Fish

Minnow, Devils River Dionda diaboli T Freshwater Fish

Pupfish, Comanche Springs Cyprinodon elegans E Freshwater Fish

Pupfish, Leon Springs Cyprinodon bovinus E Freshwater Fish

Shiner, Arkansas River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Fish

Snail, Pecos Assiminea Assiminea pecos E Freshwater Gastropod

Beetle, American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Insect

Beetle, Coffin Cave Mold Batrisodes texan us E Subterraneous Insect

Beetle, Comal Springs Stygoparnus comalensis E Freshwater, Insect

Beetle, Comal Springs Riffle Heterelmis comalensis E Freshwater, Insect

Beetle, Helotes Mold Batrisodes venyivi E Subterraneous Insect

Beetle, Kretschmarr Cave Texamaurops reddelli E Subterraneous Insect

Beetle, Tooth Cave Ground Rhadine persephone E Subterraneous Insect- Page 134 of 139

- Rhadine exilis (ncn) Rhadine exilis E Terrestrial, Insect

Rhadine infernalis (ncn) Rhadine infernalis E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Mexican Long

- nosed Leptonycteris nivalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bear, American Black Ursus americanus SAT Terrestrial Mammal

Bear, Louisiana Black Ursus americanus luteolus T Terrestrial Mammal

Jaguarundi, Gulf Coast Herpailurus ( Felis) yagouaroundi E Terrestrial Mammal

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mammal

Ocelot Leopardus ( Felis) pardalis E Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Navasota Spiranthes parksii E Unattributed Monocot

Pondweed, Little Aguja Potamogeton clystocarpus E Wetland Monocot

Wild

- rice, Texas Zizania texana E Wetland Monocot

**Utah** (41) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Condor, California Gymnogyps californianus E Terrestrial Bird

Flycatcher, Southwestern Empidonax traillii extimus E Terrestrial Bird

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Bird

Bearclaw poppy, Dwarf Arctomecon humilis E Unattributed Dicot

Bladderpod, Kodachrome Lesquerella tumulosa E Unattributed Dicot

Buttercup, Autumn Ranunculus aestivalis ( acriformis) E Wetland Dicot

Cactus, Colorado hookless Sclerocactus glaucus T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Pariette Sclerocactus brevispinus T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, San Rafael Pediocactus despainii E Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Siler Pincushion Pediocactus T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Uinta Basin Sclerocactus wetlandicus T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Winkler Pediocactus winkleri T Unattributed Dicot

Cactus, Wright Fishhook Sclerocactus wrightiae E Unattributed Dicot

Cycladenia, Jones Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis) T Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Deseret Astragalus desereticus T Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Heliotrope Astragalus montii T Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Holmgren Astragalus holmgreniorum E Unattributed Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Shivwits Astragalus ampullar ioides E Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Welsh's Asclepias welshii T Unattributed Dicot

Phacelia, Clay Phacelia argillacea E Unattributed Dicot

Primrose, Maguire Primula maguirei T Upland Dicot

Reed

- mustard, Barneby Schoenocrambe barnebyi E Unattributed D icot

Reed

- mustard, Clay Schoenocrambe argillacea T Unattributed Dicot

Reed

- mustard, Shrubby Schoenocrambe suffrutescens E Unattributed Dicot

Ridge

- cress (=Pepper

- Lepidium barnebyanum E Unattributed Dicot

Townsendia, Last Chance Townsendia aprica T Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Virgin River Gila seminuda ( robusta) E Freshwater Fish

Squawfish, Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, June Chasmistes li orus E Freshwater Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi T Freshwater Fish

Woundfin Plagopterus argentissimus E Freshwater Fish

Ambersnail, Kanab Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis E Terrestrial, Gastropod

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal- Page 135 of 139

- Prairie Dog, Utah Cynomys parvidens T Terrestrial, Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

Sedge, Navajo Carex specuicola T Wetland Monocot

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Reptile

**Vermont** (6) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Milk

- vetch, Jesup's Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi E Unattributed Dicot

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

**Virgin Islands** (5) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Coral, Elkhorn Acropora palmata T Saltwater Coral

Coral, Staghorn Acropora cervicornis T Saltwater Coral

Boxwood, Vahl's Buxus vahlii E Unattributed Dicot

Catesbaea Melanocarpa Catesbaea melanocarpa E Unattributed Dicot

Lizard, St. Croix Ground Ameiva polops E Terrestrial Reptile

**Virginia** (64) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Shenandoah Plethodon shenandoah E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Spider, Spruce

- fir Moss Microhexura montivaga E Terrestrial Arachnid

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii dougallii E/T Terrestrial Bird

Woodpecker, Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Bird

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Cumberland Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe Fusconaia cuneolus E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Oyster Epioblasma capsaeformis E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Fusconaia cor E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Quadrula sparsa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Birdwing Lemiox rimosus E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Villosa trabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Quadrula intermedia E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Dromus dromas E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Green

- Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwater Bivalve

Purple Bean Villosa perpurpurea E Freshwater Bivalve

Rabbitsfoot, Rough Quadrula cylindrica strigillata E Freshwater Bivalve

Rayed Bean Villo sa fabalis E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina walkeri E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Spinymussel, James River Pleurobema collina E Freshwater Bivalve

Isopod, Lee County Cave Lirceus usdagalun E Freshwater Crustacean

Isopod, Madison Cave Antrolana lira T Freshwater Crustacean- Page 136 of 139

- Amaranth, Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Wetland Dicot

Birch, Virginia Round

- leaf Betula uber T Unattributed Dicot

Bittercress, Small

- anthered Cardamine micranthera E Wetland Dicot

Chaffseed, American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Dicot

Coneflower, Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Joint

- vetch, Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland Dicot

Mallow, Peter's Mountain Iliamna corei E Unattributed Dicot

Rock

- cress, Shale Barren Arabis serotina E Unattributed Dicot

Sneezeweed, Virginia Helenium virginicum T Wetland Dicot

Spiraea, Virg inia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Sumac, Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed Dicot

Sunflower, Schweinitz's Helianthus schweinitzii E Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Slender Erimystax cahni T Freshwater Fish

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Fish

Dace, Blackside Phoxinus cumberlandensis T Freshwater Fish

Darter, Duskytail Etheostoma percnurum E Freshwater Fish

Logperch, Conasauga Percina jenkinsi E Freshwater Fish

Logperch, Roanoke Percina rex E Freshwater Fish

Madtom, Yellowfin Noturus flavi pinnis T Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater, Fish

Snail, Virginia Fringed Polygyriscus virginianus E Terrestrial Gastropod

Beetle, Northeastern Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis T Terrestrial Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii E Terrestrial, Insect

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Ozark Big

- eared Corynorhinus ( Plecotus) E Terrestrial, Mammal

Squirrel, Carolina Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus E Terrestrial Mammal

Squirrel, Delmarva Sciurus niger cinereus E Terrestrial Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial, Reptile

**Washington** (29) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Albatross, Short

- tailed Phoebastria ( Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial, Bird

Murrelet, Marbled Brachyramphus marmoratus T Terrestrial, Bird

Owl, Northern Spotted Strix occidentalis caurina T Terrestrial Bird

Plover, Western Snowy Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus T Terrestrial Bird

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spal dingii T Unattributed Dicot

Checker

- mallow, Nelson's Sidalcea nelsoniana T Wetland Dicot

Checker

- mallow, Sidalcea oregana var. calva E Unattributed Dicot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Dicot

Lomatium, Bradshaw's Lomatium bradshawii E Wetland Dicot

Lupine, Kincaid's Lupinus sulphureus (=oreganus) T Unattributed Dicot

Paintbrush, Golden Castilleja levisecta T Unattributed Dicot

Sandwort, Marsh Arenaria paludicola E Wetland Dicot

Stickseed, Showy Hackelia venusta E Unattributed Dicot

Rockfish, Bocaccio Sebastes paucispinis E Saltwater Fish- Page 137 of 139

- Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) E/T Freshwater, Fish

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) nerka E Freshwater, Fish

Steelhead Oncorhynchus ( Salmo) mykiss E/T Freshwater, Fish

Trout, Apache Oncorhynchus apache T Freshwater Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Fish

Butterfly, Oregon Speyeria zerene hippolyta T Terrestrial Insect

Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos horribilis T Terrestrial Mammal

Caribou, Woodland Rangifer tarandus cari bou E Terrestrial Mammal

Deer, Columbian White

- Odocoileus virginianus leucurus E Terrestrial Mammal

Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal

Killer whale, Southern Orcinus orca E Saltwater Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Rabbit, Pygmy Brachylagus idahoensis E Terrestrial Mammal

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

**West Virginia** (17) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Salamander, Cheat Plethodon nettingi T Terrestrial, Amphibian

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Bivalve

Mucket, Pink Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- Epioblasma torulosa torulosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Riffleshell, Northern Epioblasma torulosa rangiana E Freshwater Bivalve

Spinymussel, James River Pleurobema collina E Freshwater Bivalve

Isopod, Madison Cave Antrolana lira T Freshwater Crustacean

Clover, Running Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Dicot

Rock

- cress, Shale Barren Arabis serotina E Unattributed Dicot

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Dicot

Snail, Flat

- spired Three

- Triodopsis platysayoides T Terrestrial Gastropod

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Corynorhinus ( Plecotus) E Terrestrial, Mammal

Bulrush, Northeastern Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Monocot

Pogonia, Small Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Wetland Monocot

**Wisconsin** (18) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Warbler ( Wood), Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Bird

Mussel, snuffbox Epioblasma triquetra E Freshwater Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Bivalve

Sheepnose mussel Plethobasus cyphyus E Freshwater Bivalve

Spectaclecase mussel Cumberlandia monodonta E Freshwater Bivalve

Clover, Prairie Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed Dicot

Locoweed, Fassett's Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea T Unattributed Dicot

Milkweed, Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed Dicot

Monkshood, Northern Wild Aconitum noveboracense T Unattributed Dicot

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed Dicot

Butterfly, Karner Blue Lycaeides melissa samuelis E Terrestrial Insect

Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial, Insect- Page 138 of 139

- Gray Wolf Canis lupus E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestria l Mammal

Iris, Dwarf Lake Iris lacustris T Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Monocot

**Wyoming** (18) species: E/T Medium Taxon

Toad, Wyoming Bufo baxteri ( hemiophrys) E Terrestrial, Amphibian

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial, Bird

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E/T Terrestrial Bird

Tern, Interior (population) Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Bird

Butterfly Plant, Colorado Gaura neomexicana var. T Unattributed Dicot

Penstemon, Blowout Penstemon haydenii E Unattributed Dicot

Yellowhead, Desert Yermo xanthocephalus T Unattributed Dicot

Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Fish

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Fish

Squawfish, Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Fish

Sturgeon, Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus platorynchus SAT Saltwater Fish

Sucker, Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Fish

Ferret, Black

- footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Mammal

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Mammal

Mouse, Preble's Meadow Zapus hudsonius preblei T Terrestrial Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses, Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Monocot

Orchid, Western Prairie Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed Monocot



### Marine Species

Coral (Anthozoa)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Coral, Elkhorn Acropora palmata Acroporidae Scleractinia

Coral, Staghorn Acropora cervicornis Acroporidae Scleractinia



### Fish (Actinopterygii)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Rockfish, Bocaccio Sebastes paucispinis Scorpaenidae Perciformes

Rockfish, Canary Sebastes pinniger Scorpaenidae Perciformes

Salmon, Atlantic Salmo salar Salmonidae Salmoniformes

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha Salmonidae Salmoniformes

Salmon, Chum Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta Salmonidae Salmoniformes

Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch Salmonidae Salmoniformes

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka Salmonidae Salmoniformes

Sawfish, Smalltooth Pristis pectinata Pristidae Pristiformes

St eelhead Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss Salmonidae Salmoniformes

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes

Sturgeon, North American green Acipenser medirostris Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes

Sturgeon, Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes

Sturgeon, White Acipenser transmontanus Acipenseridae Acipenseriformes



### Gastropod (Gastropoda)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Abalone, Black Haliotis cracherodii Haliotidae Vetigastropoda

Abalone, W hite Haliotis sorenseni Haliotidae Vetigastropoda- Page 139 of 139

- 

### Mammal (Mammalia)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Bear, polar Ursus maritimus Ursidae Carnivora

Dugong Dugong dugon Dugongidae Sirenia

Killer whale, Southern Resident DPS Orcinus orca Cervidae Artiodactyla

Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus Trichechidae Sirenia

Otter, Northern Sea Enhydra lutris kenyoni Mustelidae Carnivora

Otter, Southern Sea Enhydra lutris nereis Mustelidae Carnivora

Seal, bearded (Atlantic) Erignathus barbatus barbatus Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, bearded (Pacific) Erignathus barbatus nauticus Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, Guadalupe Fur Arctocephalus townsendi Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, Hawaiian Monk Monachus schauinslandi Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, ringed (Arctic) Phoca hispida hispida Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, ringed (Baltic) Phoca hispida botnica Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, ringed (Ladoga) Phoca hispida ladogensis Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, ringed (Okhotsk) Phoca hispida ochotensis Phocidae Carnivora

Seal, spotted Phoca largha Phocidae Carnivora

Sea

- lion, Steller Eumetopias jubatus Otariidae Carnivora



### Mammal (Mammalia)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Whale, beluga Delphinapterus leucas Monodontidae Cetacea

Whale, Blue Balaenoptera musculus Balaenopteridae C etacea

Whale, Bowhead Balaena mysticetus Balaenidae Cetacea

Whale, Finback Balaenoptera physalus Balaenopteridae Cetacea

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus Eschrichtiidae Cetacea

Whale, Humpback Megaptera novaeangliae Balaenopteridae Cetacea

Whale, North Atlantic right Eubalaena glacialis (incl. australis) Balaenidae Cetacea

Whale, North Pacific right Eubalaena japonica Balaenidae Cetacea

Whale, Sei Balaenoptera borealis Balaenopteridae Cetacea

Whale, Sperm Physeter catodon (=macrocephalus) Physet eridae Cetacea



### Monocot (Liliopsida)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Seagrass, Johnson's Halophila johnsonii Hydrocharitaceae Alismatales



### Reptile (Reptilia)

Common name Scientific name Family Order

Sea turtle, green Chelonia mydas Cheloniidae Testudines

Sea turtle, hawksbill Eretmochelys imbricata Cheloniidae Testudines

Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Lepidochelys kempii Cheloniidae Testudines

Sea turtle, leatherback Dermochelys coriacea Dermochelyidae Testudines

Sea turtle, loggerhead Caretta caretta Cheloniidae Testudines

Sea turtle, olive ridley Lepidochelys olivacea Cheloniidae Testudines

Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh Nerodia clarkii taeniata Colubridae Squamata