THE NEW HAMPSHIRE

AMBIENT AIR MONITORING PROGRAM

2014/2015 ANNUAL 

NETWORK REVIEW & PLAN

July 2014

New Hampshire Department of Environmental 

Services
R-ARD-14-1

THE NEW HAMPSHIRE

AMBIENT AIR MONITORING PROGRAM

2014/2015 ANNUAL NETWORK REVIEW & PLAN

prepared by

the

Air Monitoring Program

State of New Hampshire

Department of Environmental Services

Air Resources Division

29 Hazen Drive

Concord, NH 033020095

(603) 271-3503

www.des.nh.gov
Table of Contents

List of Tables .......................................................................................................................2

List of Figures......................................................................................................................3

Acknowledgements..............................................................................................................3

Introduction..........................................................................................................................4

Part 1: 2014/2015 Annual Network Review and Plan ....................................................4

Monitoring Objectives......................................................................................................4

Network Summary............................................................................................................5

Beta Attenuation Federal Equivalency Method (FEM) Monitoring.................................8

Network Modifications.....................................................................................................9

Future Plans ......................................................................................................................9

Purchasing/Expenses ......................................................................................................11

Personnel.........................................................................................................................12

Cooperative Air Monitoring Initiatives ..........................................................................13

Monitoring Trends..........................................................................................................13

Part 2: Individual Station Information..........................................................................25

Camp Dodge, Green’s Grant ..........................................................................................26

Mt. Washington Summit.................................................................................................27

Hubbard Brook, Woodstock ...........................................................................................28

Lebanon Airport, Lebanon..............................................................................................29

Green Street, Laconia .....................................................................................................30

Hazen Station, Concord ..................................................................................................31

Exchange Street, Pembroke ............................................................................................32

Pierce Island, Portsmouth ...............................................................................................33

Seacoast Science Center, Rye.........................................................................................34

Water Street, Keene ........................................................................................................35

Moose Hill, Londonderry ...............................................................................................36

Pack Monadnock Mountain............................................................................................37

Crown Street, Nashua .....................................................................................................38

Gilson Road, Nashua ......................................................................................................39

List of Tables

Table 1.0: Equipment – (Method)......................................................................................11

Table 1.1: National Ambient Air Quality Standards .........................................................15

Table 1.2: NAAQS Exceedences in New Hampshire (2008-2013)..........................................16

Table 1.3: Ozone Design Values .......................................................................................17

Table 1.4: Carbon Monoxide Design Values.....................................................................17

Table 1.5: Sulfur Dioxide Design Values..........................................................................17

Table 1.6: Nitrogen Dioxide Design Values......................................................................17

Table 1.7: Fine Particle Matter Design Values...................................................17

Table 1.8: New Hampshire State and Local Air Monitoring Stations Network

– 2013/2014 ....................................................................................................22

Table 1.9: New Hampshire Particulate Matter Network – 2013/2014 .............................23

Table 1.10: New Hampshire PAMS Network – 2013/2014 .............................................23

Table 1.11: New Hampshire NCore Network – 2013/2014 .............................................23
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 3 

Table 1.12: Seasonal Maximum 24-hour Averages at Gilson Road in Nashua

for Toxic PAMS Species vs Ambient Allowable Limit (AAL), 

2005-2013 ........................................................................................................24

Table 1.13: Seasonal Maximum 24-hour Averages at Pack Monadnock in 

Miller State Park for Toxic PAMS Species Compared to the 

Ambient Allowable Limit (AAL), 2005-2013.................................................24

List of Figures

Figure 1.1: Correlation for Nashua and Londonderry FRM PM2.5 Data ...........................10

Figure 1.2: Correlation for Pembroke and Londonderry FRM PM2.5 Data .......................10

Figure 1.3: Current Air Monitoring Program Organizational Chart..................................12

Figure 1.4: Ozone trends for the 8-Hour NAAQS (1997-2013)........................................18

Figure 1.5: Ozone trends for the 8-Hour NAAQS (1997-2013)........................................18

Figure 1.6: Carbon Monoxide trends for the 1-hour NAAQS (1997-2013)......................18

Figure 1.7: Carbon Monoxide trends for the 8-hour NAAQS (1997-2013)......................18

Figure 1.8: PM2.5 trends for the 24-Hour NAAQS (2001-2013) .......................................19

Figure 1.9: PM2.5 trends for the 24-Hour NAAQS (2001-2013) .......................................19

Figure 1.10: PM2.5 trends for the annual NAAQS (2001-2013)........................................19

Figure 1.11: PM2.5 trends for the annual NAAQS (2001-2013)........................................19

Figure 1.12: Nitrogen Dioxide trends for the 1-hour NAAQS (2001-2013).....................20

Figure 1.13: Nitrogen Dioxide trends for the annual NAAQS (2001-2013).....................20

Figure 1.14: Sulfur Dioxide trends for the 1-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) .........................20

Figure 1.15: Sulfur Dioxide trends for the 3-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) .........................20

Figure 1.16: PM10 trends for the 24-hour NAAQS (2001-2013).......................................21

Figure 1.17: PM10 trends for the 24-hour NAAQS (2001-2013).......................................21

Figure 1.18: Lead trends for the primary NAAQS (2013).................................................21

Acknowledgements

DES would like to thank the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for their 

continued grant funding and staff support for efforts to operate, maintain, and improve New 

Hampshire’s Air Monitoring Network. Special thanks to Alan VanArsdale, Robert Judge and 

Chris St. Germain for their continued help and support with air monitoring in New Hampshire. 

DES would also like to acknowledge the efforts of the following individuals for their dedication 

and efforts to operate New Hampshire’s network and collect quality data in all types of 

conditions, data analysis, and contributions to this report; 

• Jessica Sheldon for her steadfast work analyzing AMP data, using Assessment Tools, and 

her review of and contribution to preparation of this report.

• Thanks to all staff of the AMP including Tim Verville, Jim Poisson, Tom Fazzina, Craig 

Thoroughgood, Mike Little, Scott Klose, Lara Stumpo and Kendall Perkins for overall 

program operations.

• Dr. Jeff Underhill for overall program technical analysis and review of this report
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 4 

Introduction

The New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (DES) is pleased to submit this 

2014/2015 Ambient Air Monitoring Program Annual Network Review Plan in accordance with 

the Code of Federal Regulations Title 40, PART 58. Part 1 of this Plan reviews structure, 

objectives, history and data trends associated with DES’ Air Monitoring Program (AMP). Part 2 

of this Plan details individual air monitoring station information. 

PART 1

DES continually revisits and stresses basic air monitoring fundamentals and efficiency initiatives 

to allow for reliable, high quality data capture and analysis within a strained budget. Key 

objectives remain to provide quality ambient air data in order to:

• determine attainment status with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS, 

see Table 1.1),

• guide future air quality policy decisions at the state and national level, and

• protect public health through real-time mapping and air pollution alert initiatives.

Tables 1.8 through 1.11, presented later in this section summarize the current status of the New 

Hampshire ambient air monitoring network – July 2013 through June 2014. 

Monitoring Objectives

In accordance with the DES mission “to help sustain a high quality of life for all citizens by 

protecting and restoring the environment and public health in New Hampshire”, DES operates a 

network of air monitoring sites throughout the state. These sites facilitate monitoring of ambient 

ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), volatile and semi-volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), lead (Pb) and particulate matter chemistry (PM, 

PM2.5, PM10). Air monitoring data from DES’ network helps assess air quality within New 

Hampshire, evaluate the status of air quality coming from areas upwind and also helps assess our 

contribution to downwind areas. These data allow DES to predict air pollution episodes, enact 

protective actions and warnings, develop and assess effectiveness of emission reduction 

strategies and support health assessments and NAAQS reviews. 

Ambient air pollution monitoring began in New Hampshire in the 1970s at a few locations. Over 

subsequent years, it grew to the point where each of the state’s ten counties hosted monitoring 

stations for air pollutants known to exist in the area. Over time, local industrial facilities either 

established pollution controls or shut down, resulting in improvements in air quality in those 

counties. For example, paper mills in Coos County emitted fairly high levels of sulfur dioxide 

and particles, resulting in periodic unhealthy air quality. Most of these facilities have since shut 

down and the air quality has improved to the point that there is a reduced need for monitoring in 

the area. Accordingly, DES has reallocated monitoring resources. However, DES continues to 

track emission inventories and reports of health concerns in these areas in order to assess any 

potential need to reestablish air monitoring infrastructure. In recent years, DES has coordinated 

with EPA to streamline the monitoring network in order to meet demands for ever increasing 

efficiency with limited resources. DES has given careful consideration to how the need for 

efficiency would affect network consolidation while maintaining adequate public protection and 

the ability to track progress. 
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 5 

The current New Hampshire ambient air monitoring network is carefully configured to provide 

air quality data in populated areas which are potentially at risk for unhealthy air quality of one or 

more pollutants. Most populated areas are represented by an air monitoring station unless 

previous monitoring has demonstrated that either the community is not at risk or can be 

adequately represented by a nearby monitor. DES also considered topography, geographic 

coverage, and air pollution modeling in the current network design.

Now, in 2014, most of the major pollution sources that are in operation in New Hampshire are 

generally well controlled. Areas of continued concern are mobile and area sources where 

population density and highway networks are dense enough to multiply the emissions of 

relatively small individual sources hundreds of thousands of times over. The cumulative 

emissions are greatest in the southeastern portion of the state where population and highway 

densities are greatest. This region is generally bounded by the Massachusetts state line to the 

south, Nashua and Manchester to the west, Concord to the north, and Rochester and Portsmouth 

to the east. This same region is also the most exposed portion of the state to air pollution 

transport which generally crosses the southeastern part of the state from southwest to the 

northeast and along the New Hampshire coastline. 

Pollutants of most concern in this area include ozone, ozone precursors (nitrogen oxides (NOx) 

and VOCs), PM2.5 and SO2. The monitoring network is most dense in the southeastern New 

Hampshire region to reflect these air quality concerns and the dense population. While the 

greatest risk of unhealthy air quality occurs in this portion of New Hampshire, unhealthy air 

quality events can occur anywhere in the state for ozone and small particles. Accordingly, the 

monitoring network for these pollutants extends into all portions of the state. Small particles also 

lead to visibility impairment, and there are federal regulations to track visibility progress with a 

special kind of speciation monitoring (IMPROVE) near the Class I airsheds (Great Gulf 

Wilderness and Presidential Dry-River Wilderness) located adjacent to Mt. Washington in 

northern New Hampshire.

Network Summary

Below is a brief summary of the New Hampshire Air Monitoring network and the role each 

station plays for public protection. The list is presented alphabetically by community.

Concord 

The Concord monitoring site is primarily intended to track ozone and sulfur dioxide, the only 

criteria pollutants for which recent air monitoring and modeling have indicated possible 

population exposure to unhealthy levels. A previous Concord monitoring station was located in 

the valley near I-93, but was moved to reduce the risks of NOx scavenging caused by nearby 

freeway traffic emissions, effectively lowering the measured ozone levels in the immediate area. 

This site has the advantage of being in close proximity to the DES main office, for both outreach 

opportunities and ease of maintenance. It is also in the proximity of residential neighborhoods, 

retirement communities and schools. DES initiated SO2 monitoring at this station during 

October 2010 to help quantify local SO2 levels relative to the new SO2 NAAQS. This station 

represents population on a neighborhood scale. 
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 6 

Greens Grant – Mt. Washington base

The Greens Grant, Camp Dodge ozone monitor at the base of Mt. Washington is now the 

primary monitor representing the northern portion of New Hampshire. This monitoring location 

is also important since it represents two federally recognized Class I airsheds which also require

IMPROVE visibility monitoring. DES tracks PM2.5 levels measured by the IMPROVE monitor 

for the purpose of estimating current exposures and the demand for more comprehensive PM2.5

monitoring. DES consolidated previous monitoring in the North Country (Pittsburg and 

Conway) at Camp Dodge due to the high correlation between sites, low population densities, and 

low risk of exposure to unhealthy air quality. This research oriented station represents 

population exposure on a regional scale.

Keene

The monitoring station in the city of Keene tracks ozone and PM2.5 on a continuous basis. The 

southwest portion of the state experiences a few days per year when ozone levels have the 

potential to reach unhealthy levels. Similarly, DES is concerned about PM2.5 levels at this 

station, especially during the winter months. DES installed a continuous PM2.5 monitor at this 

station in September 2007 to better track the risks of wintertime wood smoke buildup. Keene is 

a prime example of a city distinguished by the factors, such as population density, woodstove 

use, and valley topography, that are necessary for these winter events, and other nearby 

communities may be similarly affected. The continuous PM2.5 equipment has been invaluable in 

better understanding the winter PM2.5 events and improving air pollution forecasts for the area. 

The data measured for ozone and non-winter PM2.5 are considered valuable on a regional basis,

and the data for winter PM2.5 is considered non-regional. This station represents population 

exposure on a neighborhood scale. 

Laconia

The Laconia monitor tracks ozone and PM2.5 in the “Lakes Region” of the state. The population 

of this area swells during the summer months with tourists. The monitor represents the very 

northern edge of the Boston CMSA (combined metropolitan statistical area) and periodically 

experiences elevated ozone levels. This station represents population exposure on a regional 

scale.

Lebanon

The Lebanon monitoring station is sited to provide population and regional based monitoring for 

the Lebanon/White River Junction (VT) metropolitan area with information on regional ozone 

and PM2.5. This site is also important since it represents the consolidation of the closed

Claremont (ozone) and Haverhill (ozone and PM2.5) monitoring stations. The station is located 

on a ridge at the Lebanon airport, just above the river valley. The site was chosen primarily to 

represent the regional exposure, and the station is important to the New Hampshire network for 

its geographic coverage. 

Londonderry

The Londonderry station came online January 1, 2011 as an NCore superstation measuring a 

wide selection of pollutants. DES worked closely with EPA to carefully select this site for its 

central proximity to the highly populated southeastern suburban portion of New Hampshire. The 

site has no nearby emission sources of significance, but lies in the air pollution transport corridor 

that crosses the southern portion of the state. The site is expected to track a number of 

potentially unhealthy ozone events each year. Being a multi-parameter station located in an area 

representative of a large population living in the northern suburbs of Boston, as well as between 
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 7 

the major population centers of Nashua and Manchester, the data collected at this site will be 

ideal for future research and health-related analysis. This station represents population exposure 

on a regional scale.

Mt. Washington – Summit

The Mt. Washington summit monitoring site is of special value for scientific research for 

tracking ozone transport. The summit is located at 6288 feet above sea level and is far away 

from any significant pollution sources; thus it is ideal for picking up long-range pollution 

transport into the northern portion of the state. The data are often compared to the data collected 

at Greens Grant (Camp Dodge) located at the base of the mountain, just a few miles to the east,

to give a vertical gradient perspective. Ozone levels measured at the summit are normally higher 

than measured at the base and occasionally reach unhealthy levels. This station provides 

valuable high elevation data on a regional scale.

Nashua – Crown Street

The Crown Street monitoring station represents urban PM2.5 within the city of Nashua. This 

station tracks urban population-based PM2.5 exposure.

Nashua – Gilson Road

In recent years, the Nashua area has often seen the highest ozone concentrations in the state and 

there is an ongoing need to continue tracking ozone in this area. The Gilson Road monitoring 

station also includes photochemical assessment monitoring (PAMS), which measures important 

precursors to the development of ozone. These precursors include a wide variety of volatile 

organic compounds and nitrogen oxides. While this station is on the upwind side of the city of 

Nashua, it is critical to the network for tracking transport into the state and into the city of 

Nashua from the southwest. This station also pairs with the Pack Monadnock station to give the 

low elevation perspective as compared to Pack Monadnock’s high elevation data for similar air 

masses transported into the area. This station represents population exposure on a regional scale.

Peterborough, Pack Monadnock Mountain – Summit (Miller State Park)

DES has monitored several parameters at the Pack Monadnock station since 2002 and became 

the state's second NCore site in 2011. The site’s true value lies in the fact that it is located on a

rural mountain top in the south-central portion of the state. At 2288 feet above sea level, the 

station is ideally located to pick up the transport airflow from the heavily populated northeast 

urban corridor (Washington, D.C. to Boston, MA.) and is at the northern terminus of the lowlevel jet that begins near the middle of Virginia. This non-population-based monitor does not 

have nearby sources of significance. This site measures a wide variety of pollutants, including 

PAMS ozone precursors, IMPROVE, ozone, and PM2.5. Due to its location and elevation, DES 

considers this station to be of high scientific value for transport measurements on a regional 

scale. When paired with data collected at Nashua and Londonderry, Peterborough PAMS and 

PM2.5 data provide a critical high-low cross section for regional photochemical models.

Pembroke

The Pembroke monitoring station is located along the Merrimack River, just to the south of 

Merrimack Station power plant. The power plant is a large coal burning source which until 

recently caused relatively high levels of SO2 at this monitor. While the power plant recently

completed pollution control upgrades for SO2, this station tracks progress in reducing emissions 

and measures exposure to SO2 in a nearby community. This station represents population 

exposure to SO2 and PM2.5 on a local scale.
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 8 

Portsmouth

The Portsmouth monitoring station is located on Pierce Island on the Piscataqua River just to the 

east of downtown Portsmouth. DES has been successful in establishing a long-term agreement 

for siting at its current location and has found the location to be suitable for tracking emissions 

from around the Portsmouth and Kittery (ME) areas. The station also picks up some sea breeze

ozone events that work their way up the river. This station represents population exposure on a 

limited regional scale.

Rye

The Rye Monitoring station is located at Odiorne State Park. Its purpose is primarily to track 

summertime ozone events brought ashore by sea breezes. Past experience monitoring ozone in 

Rye found that these events sometimes result in measurements of ozone among the highest in the 

state. These events affect the coastline area and rarely penetrate more than a few miles inland. 

The data from this site are of scientific interest for air pollution flow dynamics when compared 

with data from Portsmouth station. This station represents a specific and limited population 

along the New Hampshire coastline for these periodic high ozone events.

PM2.5 Beta Attenuation Federal Equivalency Method (FEM) Monitoring

DES operates several Met One 1020 BAMs and one API 602 BAM covering a total of five 

stations. To date, DES operates BAMs and Federal Reference Method (FRM) filter based 

samplers at Keene, Lebanon, Londonderry, Peterborough, and Portsmouth stations. Please note 

the following relative to data comparability assessments (FEM vs FRM) and declaration of 

primary sampler type for each station. 

Keene - The Met One 1020 BAM at Keene will remain primary toward the NAAQS. Any FRM 

data generated at Keene will be considered secondary when BAM data are available. Individual 

seasonal data (spring, summer and winter) are outside acceptability limits, but when looking at 

the complete data set, all valid FRM and FEM data from Keene for the past three years falls 

within additive vs. multiplicative bias acceptability limits for FEM testing. This data set 

correlates with an overall R = 0.89 and an intercept of -0.56 micrograms per cubic meter 

(μg/m3). 

Lebanon - The Met One 1020 BAM at Lebanon will remain primary toward the NAAQS. Any 

FRM data generated at Lebanon will be considered secondary when BAM data are available. 

Individual yearly data (2012 and 2013) are outside acceptability limits, but when looking at the 

complete data set, all valid FRM and FEM data from Lebanon for the past three years falls 

within additive vs. multiplicative bias acceptability limits for FEM testing. This data set 

correlates with an overall R = 0.88 and an intercept of -0.71 μg/m3

. DES will monitor this data 

set closely (the latest two years of data are outside acceptability limits) and restore the FRM as 

primary if appropriate.

Londonderry - The FRM (PQ200) at Londonderry will be primary toward the NAAQS. Any 

FEM data generated at Londonderry should be excluded from NAAQS comparisons. All 

seasonal and yearly data except 2011 are outside acceptability limits. All valid FRM and FEM 

data from Londonderry for the past three years are well outside additive vs. multiplicative bias 

acceptability limits for FEM testing. This data set correlates with an overall R = 0.71 and an 

intercept of 2.37 μg/m3

. For more information, see data comparability assessments at the 

following link: http://www.epa.gov/airquality/airdata/ad_rep_frmvfem.html .
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 9 

Peterborough, Pack Monadnock Mountain – Summit (Miller State Park) - The Met One 1020 

BAM at Peterborough will remain primary toward the NAAQS. Any FRM data generated at 

Peterborough will be considered secondary when BAM data are available. Unfortunately, this 

decision is based primarily on resources and not comparability assessment testing. While better 

than Londonderry, all seasonal and yearly data, except winter, are outside acceptability limits. 

All valid FRM and FEM data from Peterborough for the past three years are outside additive vs. 

multiplicative bias acceptability limits for FEM testing. This data set correlates with an overall 

R = 0.83 and an intercept of 1.43 μg/m3. DES would prefer to use the FRM (Partisol 2025) as 

primary toward the NAAQS, but doing so would require collocation of another Partisol 2025 in 

Peterborough. DES does not have the resources for the additional sampling. Since PM2.5 data at 

Peterborough are typically lower than all other stations and well below the NAAQS, there is little 

concern that this decision would introduce a public PM2.5 exposure risk or a failure capture a 

violation of the NAAQS. 

Portsmouth - API 602 BAM and Met One 1020 BAM data at Portsmouth will be primary toward 

the NAAQS, with the API 602 BAM taking precedence, when operating. Any FRM data 

generated at Portsmouth will be considered secondary when BAM data are available. The API 

602 BAM has correlated quite well with the FRM, although its operation has been limited. Met 

One 1020 BAM/FRM data comparability assessment is not as favorable as the API 602 

BAM/FRM. Individual yearly and seasonal data, except spring and 2002, are outside 

acceptability limits. All valid FRM and FEM (Met One 1020) data from Portsmouth for the past 

three years are just outside additive vs. multiplicative bias acceptability limits for FEM testing. 

This data set correlates with an overall R = 0.88 and an intercept of -0.46 μg/m3.

Network Modifications

DES made relatively few modifications to the air monitoring network between July 1, 2013 and 

June 30, 2014. Modifications consisted of completing and shutting down special monitors 

associated with the Wood Smoke Study, including; all equipment at the Stickney Avenue site in

Concord, and the CO and SO2 monitors in Keene. DES also initiated special project temporary

monitoring in Portsmouth in response to numerous PM complaints concerning an industrial 

facility near Market Street. This monitoring began in September of 2013 and completed in May 

of 2014.

Future Plans

In Support of continuous efforts to improve performance and maximize network efficiency under 

a constrained budget, DES continues to seek efficiencies where possible within the network. 

Planned changes for the upcoming year – July 2014 through June 2015 – are as follows:

Move Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Station (PAMS) from Gilson Road in Nashua to 

Moose Hill School in Londonderry – DES plans relocate PAMS monitoring from the Gilson 

Road, Nashua station to the Moose Hill School, Londonderry NCore station at the conclusion of 

the 2014 ozone season. With EPA’s approval of this move, DES intends to fully become 

operational for PAMS monitoring in Londonderry for the 2015 ozone season. This move further 

builds the Londonderry NCore site and creates a unique high-low elevation for nearly all NCore 

parameters at the northern edge of the low-level-jet air pollution transport phenomenon. This 

realignment will also improve operational efficiencies for the DES network. Maintaining PAMS 

at Gilson Road was becoming logistically challenging which will be reconciled when moved to 
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 10 

the state of the art station in Londonderry. The Gilson Road location will continue to monitor 

ozone and meteorology during the near-term, however DES may explore its relocation to a 

Nashua high school athletic complex.

Shut down PM2.5 sampling at Crown Street in Nashua – DES intends to shut down PM2.5

monitoring at Crown Street in Nashua on December 31, 2014. Data comparability assessments 

between the Nashua and Londonderry stations, including correlation data presented in Figure 

1.1, demonstrate that Londonderry PM2.5 reasonably tracks Nashua PM2.5. While Nashua PM2.5

trends slightly higher than Londonderry, both site are well below the PM2.5 NAAQS and relying 

on PM2.5 data from the Londonderry NCore site providesreasonable public protection. 

Figure 1.1: Correlation for Nashua and Londonderry FRM PM2.5 Data

Shut down PM2.5 sampling at Exchange Street in Pembroke – DES intends to shut down PM2.5

monitoring at the Pembroke station on December 31, 2014. Similar to correlation data for 

Nashua vs. Londonderry, Pembroke PM2.5 correlates with Londonderry. While Pembroke does 

run slightly higher in PM2.5, Pembroke PM2.5 is well below the standard. The use of 

Londonderry PM2.5 is sufficient for protection of public health. In conjunction with this move, 

DES will relocate the PQ200 colocation sampling to the Londonderry station. 

Figure 1.2: Correlation for Pembroke and Londonderry FRM PM2.5 Data
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 11 

Source Specific SO2 Monitoring – On April 17, 2014, EPA proposed the Data Requirements 

Rule for the 1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard detailing 

modeling and monitoring guidance for standard implementation. DES and EPA have begun a 

dialog regarding future SO2 monitoring needs, although no changes are currently planned.

Purchasing/Expenses

DES’ budget cycle runs from July 1 through June 30 each year. DES did not have funding for 

significant equipment procurement during this budget cycle. Instead, DES focused its resources 

for personnel, consumables, parts and supplies to operate the air monitoring network. 

Additionally, DES maintains fleet vehicles, updates maintenance and station contracts, pays 

utilities for existing facilities, and enhances air monitoring stations as needed throughout the 

network. Other key expenses include calibrating, repairing, and maintaining equipment to meet 

EPA and safety standards. 

Please note that a number of analyzers and samplers in DES’ network are old and require 

frequent maintenance in order to assure adequate data capture. Of note, most of DES’ filter

based particle samplers are near the end of their lifetime. Table 1.0 presents equipment, 

analyzers, and samplers that DES currently uses for ambient air quality monitoring.

Table 1.0 : Equipment – (Method) 

SO2

Teledyne – API 100A and EU – (Automated Equivalent Method EQSA-0495-100)

Teco 43A – (Automated Equivalent Method EQSA-0486-060)

Teco 43C – (Automated Equivalent Method EQSA-0486-060)

Thermo 43i – (Automated Equivalent Method EQSA-0486-060)

CO

Teco 48C - (Automated Reference Method RFCA-0981-054)

Thermo 48i – (Automated Reference Method RFCA-0981-054)

Teledyne – API 300 EU – (Automated Equivalent Method RFCA-1093-093)

O3

Teledyne – API 400E - (Automated Equivalent Method EQOA-0992-087)

Teco 49 - (Automated Equivalent Method EQOA-0880-047)

Teco 49C - (Automated Equivalent Method EQOA-0880-047)

Thermo 49i - (Automated Equivalent Method EQOA-0880-047)

Teco 49C PS – (Lab Standard EQOA-0880-047 )

NO2

Teledyne – API 200E – (Automated Reference Method RFNA-0691-082)

Teco 42C – (Automated Reference Method: RFNA-1289-074)

Thermo 42i – (Automated Reference Method RFNA-1289-074)

NOy

Ecotech Model 9843 NOy

Particulate Matter

R&P Partisol Model 2000 (filter based)

R&P Partisol Model 2025 (filter based)

BGI Model PQ200 (filter based)

R&P TEOM Model 1400
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 12 

Table 1.0 : Equipment – (Method) 

Met One BAM Model 1020

API 602 BAM

IMPROVE Visibility Speciation Monitor

Calibrator (multiple parameter)

Monitor Labs Model 8500

TECO 165 Multi Gas Calibrator

Teledyne – API Model 700, 700E and 700U Gas Calibrators

Environics Series 6103 Multi Gas Calibrator

Data Acquisition System

Environmental Systems Corporation (ESC) Data Logger Model 8816

ESC Data Logger Model 8832

Agilaire Software and support Agreement

PAMS 

Perkin Elmer Ozone Precursor System- Clarus 500 Gas Chromatograph, TurboMatrix 

100 Thermal Desorber / TM50

Perkin Elmer Total Chrom Software- version 6.2.1

Parker Balston TOC Gas Generator

Parker Balston Hydrogen Generator 

Uninterrupted Power Supply- APC Model SURT8000XLT

Personnel

The AMP continues to operate with one full-time technical position vacant as well as one 

technical position previously eliminated. Due to limited budget, DES is unable to fill the vacant 

position during the next year. In order to fulfil requirements, DES assigns some technical 

support duties to individuals outside the official AMP organizational structure, including 

continuous PM2.5 management and PAMS management duties which are supported by the 

Atmospheric Science and Analysis section of the Air Resources Division, as illustrated in Figure 

1.3.

Figure 1.3: Current Air Monitoring Program Organizational Chart

CRAIG WRIGHT

DIRECTOR

AIR RESOURCES

T. VERVILLE

SUPERVISOR IV

K. PERKINS

AIR MONITORING

ADMINISTRATOR II

VACANT

ADMINISTRATOR 

IV

J. POISSON

ENV III

C. 

THOROUGHGOOD

ELEC TECH II

T. FAZZINA

AP TECH II

S. KLOSE

AP TECH II

VACANT

AP TECH I

M. LITTLE

DATA ANALYST INTERN

PAMS

Manager

Lara Stumpo

BAM

Management

Jessica Sheldon
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 13 

Cooperative Air Monitoring Initiatives

DES is involved in numerous cooperative air monitoring initiatives with local, state, and private 

entities. 

For over 24 years now, the Appalachian Mountain Club (AMC) and DES have been joining 

resources to conduct ozone monitoring in Coos County. Since 1990, AMC and DES have been 

cooperatively monitoring ozone on the summit of Mount Washington to determine the exposure 

of hikers and other visitors to this pollutant and to quantify ozone transport from upwind areas. 

Significant levels of ozone have been measured on the summit during the summer months 

throughout this time. Also, AMC and DES began cooperatively managing a second monitoring 

station near the base of Mount Washington (Camp Dodge) in 1996, a White Mountain National 

Forest Class I Wilderness visibility monitoring station. AMC’s involvement in air monitoring 

activities saves DES significant resources.

DES also partners with the United States Department of Agriculture (Forest Service) in a 

Challenge Cost Share Agreement relative to air monitoring activities at Camp Dodge in Green’s 

Grant. This agreement provides a framework of cooperation for station work such as upgrades, 

tree trimming, and routine costs. The Forest Service operates an IMPROVE (Interagency 

Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) sampler at this station. DES and AMC currently 

maintain ozone sampling, upkeep, and routine site inspections at this station. 

Until 2014, DES partnered with CASTNET to quality assure, track, and publically post current 

ozone data for Woodstock on the DES website. Unfortunately, this partnership was severed in 

early 2014 at the request of CAMD, which oversees the CASTNET network. As a result, this 

data will no longer be available through DES.

DES provides critical real-time rainfall data from the Laconia station for the protection of public 

health. When rainfall at the Laconia station exceeds a specific amount over a specific time 

period, an automated notification system operated by DES facilitates closing of a public beach 

and alerts of possible bacterial dangers. Similar notification systems incorporating our real-time 

meteorology data have been used to enact erosion control inspections at various New Hampshire 

Department of Transportation road construction projects. 

Monitoring Trends 

Each year, DES reviews its monitoring data and calculates design values for comparison to the 

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) – Table 1.1. EPA establishes these standards 

to protect public health and welfare. In general, design values consider the three most recent 

years for an averaging period in the form of the NAAQS, such as looking at the 3-year average 

of the annual 4th highest ozone 8-hour value. 

New Hampshire air quality data trends reveal the important progress that has been made in 

improving air quality in New Hampshire. Cleaner vehicles, fuels, power plants, industry, and 

small engines located throughout the region have all contributed to much improved air quality 

since the 1980s. More recent trends show that additional progress is still being made, but the 

task becomes more difficult as there are becoming fewer pollution sources that remain 

uncontrolled. It is also important to note that while progress has been made, the NAAQS have 

been lowered in some cases to be more protective, thus we have more progress to make.
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 14 

Figures 1.4 through 1.18 present monitoring trends for the key criteria pollutants for the period 

1995 through 2013. In all cases, air quality is significantly improved from the 1970s and 1980s. 

Currently monitored levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), PM10, lead (Pb) and carbon monoxide 

(CO) are safely below the current levels of the NAAQS. However, the NAAQS for ozone, 

PM2.5, and SO2 have all recently been tightened (lowered) to levels near what is currently being 

measured in New Hampshire. Two of these pollutants (ozone and PM2.5) have drawn significant 

attention by DES as a focus for network monitoring and SIP planning. For SO2, 1-hour NAAQS 

was recently added with a threshold of 0.075 parts per million (ppm) and DES is assessing its 

monitoring focus on a source-specific basis in order to address attainment requirements. 

Existing SO2 monitoring indicates that all areas of New Hampshire meet the 3-hour sulfur 

dioxide secondary NAAQS. Monitoring also indicates that Londonderry1, Pack Monadnock, 

Manchester and Portsmouth are below the new 1-hour primary SO2 NAAQS. The Pembroke 

monitoring station historically measured 1-hour SO2 concentrations above the 0.075 ppm 

threshold until 2012. This station was sited as a source-specific monitor, located near a coalburning power plant. In 2012 the power plant began operations of a new SO2 scrubber which has 

significantly lowered its SO2 emissions. As a result, the Pembroke monitor recorded a decrease 

from 57 daily maximum 1-hour SO2 exceedances of 0.075 ppm in 2011 to just one exceedance 

of the same threshold in 2012 and none in 2013. Exceedances of NAAQS thresholds during 

recent years are summarized in Table 1.2. 

Tables 1.3 through 1.7 provide the five-year maximum and most recent (2013) design values for 

each criteria pollutant. These are also expressed as percentages of the current NAAQS. CO,

NO2, and 3-hour SO2 design values are all under 50% of the NAAQS. The highest SO2 site, 

Pembroke, exceeded the 1-hour NAAQS for the period of 2011 to 2013, but is expected to metin 

the standard for the period of 2012 to 2014. With the lower ozone standard of 0.075 ppm, Rye 

and Pack Monadnock summit just barely exceeded the standard during the period of 2007 to

2009, but since then these and all other sites have been under the standard, including in 2013.

New Hampshire operates two Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS): Pack 

Monadnock and Nashua. Tables 1.12 and 1.13 show that none of the toxic PAMS parameters 

are near their Ambient Allowable Limits (AAL) at either site. Benzene has the lowest AAL, 5.7 

μg/m3. At Nashua and Pack Monadnock, the maximum 24-hour averages for benzene over the 

full period were about 0.2 and 0.4 μg/m3, respectively, or about 4-7% of the AAL. Maximum 

values for all the other parameters for both sites are consistently less than 1% of their AAL.

1 Data capture for the 3rd quarter of 2013 was 67%, which is below the 75% data completeness requirement. 

Londonderry 2013 SO2 data is presented in the chart based on data available and is believed to be a reliable 

representation as nearby SO2 source emissions did not show unusual fluctuations during this period.

 
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 15 

Table 1.1: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

Pollutant

[final rule cite]

Primary/ 

Secondary Averaging Time Level Form

Carbon Monoxide

[76 FR 54294, Aug 31, 2011] primary

8-hour 9 ppm Not to be exceeded more than once per 

year 1-hour 35 ppm

Lead

[73 FR 66964, Nov 12, 2008] 

primary and 

secondary

Rolling 3 month 

average 0.15 μg/m3 (1) Not to be exceeded

Nitrogen Dioxide

[75 FR 6474, Feb 9, 2010]

[61 FR 52852, Oct 8, 1996]

primary 1-hour 100 ppb 98th percentile, averaged over 3 years

primary and

secondary Annual 53 ppb (2) Annual Mean

Ozone

[73 FR 16436, Mar 27, 2008]

primary and 

secondary 8-hour 0.075 ppm (3)

Annual fourth-highest daily maximum 

8-hr concentration, averaged over 3 

years

Particle 

Pollution

Dec 14, 2012

PM2.5

primary Annual 12 μg/m3 annual mean, averaged over 3 years

secondary Annual 15 μg/m3 annual mean, averaged over 3 years

primary and 

secondary 24-hour 35 μg/m3 98th percentile, averaged over 3 years

PM10

primary and

secondary 24-hour 150 μg/m3 Not to be exceeded more than once per year on average over 3 years

Sulfur Dioxide

[75 FR 35520, Jun 22, 2010]

[38 FR 25678, Sept 14, 1973]

primary 1-hour 75 ppb (4)

99th percentile of 1-hour daily 

maximum concentrations, averaged over 

3 years

secondary 3-hour 0.5 ppm Not to be exceeded more than once per 

year

as of October 2011

(1) Final rule signed October 15, 2008. The 1978 lead standard (1.5 μg/m3 as a quarterly average) remains in effect until one 

year after an area is designated for the 2008 standard, except that in areas designated nonattainment for the 1978, the 1978 

standard remains in effect until implementation plans to attain or maintain the 2008 standard are approved.

(2) The official level of the annual NO2 standard is 0.053 ppm, equal to 53 ppb, which is shown here for the purpose of clearer 

comparison to the 1-hour standard.

(3) Final rule signed March 12, 2008. The 1997 ozone standard (0.08 ppm, annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour 

concentration, averaged over 3 years) and related implementation rules remain in place. In 1997, EPA revoked the 1-hour ozone 

standard (0.12 ppm, not to be exceeded more than once per year) in all areas, although some areas have continued obligations 

under that standard (“anti-backsliding”). The 1-hour ozone standard is attained when the expected number of days per calendar 

year with maximum hourly average concentrations above 0.12 ppm is less than or equal to 1.

(4) Final rule signed June 2, 2010. The 1971 annual and 24-hour SO2 standards were revoked in that same 

rulemaking. However, these standards remain in effect until one year after an area is designated for the 2010 standard, except in 

areas designated nonattainment for the 1971 standards, where the 1971 standards remain in effect until implementation plans to 

attain or maintain the 2010 standard are approved.
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 16 

Table 1.2: NAAQS Exceedences (Days) in New Hampshire (2008-2013)

(Includes all monitoring stations in operation since 2008) 

Parameter/Location

Number of Exceedances

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Most Recent

CO

 1-Hour (1971) 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

 8-Hour (1971) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1996

Lead

 Quarterly (2008) 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

NO2

 1-Hour (2010) // // 0 0 0 0 None

 Annual (1971) 0 0 // // // // None

Ozone

 8-Hour (2008)

 Camp Dodge 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

 Claremont 1 -- -- -- -- -- 2008

 Concord 0 0 1 0 0 0 2010

 Keene 1 0 0 0 0 0 2008

 Laconia 0 0 2 0 0 0 2010

 Lebanon 1 0 0 0 0 0 2008

 Londonderry -- -- -- 2 2 0 2012

 Manchester 0 0 1 0 -- -- 2010

 Miller 4 0 4 0 2 0 2012

 Mt. Washington 4 0 2 0 0 2 2013

 Nashua 0 0 2 1 2 0 2012

 Portsmouth 1 1 2 1 1 1 2013

 Rye 3 2 1 2 2 0 2012

 Woodstock 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

PM10 

 24-Hour (1987) 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

PM2.5

 Annual (1997) 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

 24-Hour (2006)

 Keene 1 1* 1* 4* 1* 3* 2013

 Laconia 0 0 0 0 0 0 2005

 Lebanon 0* 0* 0* 0* 0* 0* None

 Manchester -- -- -- -- -- -- 2005

 Miller 0* 0* 0* 0* 0* 0* 2002

 Nashua 0 0 0 0 0 0 2007

 Pembroke 1 0 1 0 0 0 2010

 Portsmouth 0* 0* 1* 0* 0* 0* 2010

SO2

 Annual (1971) 0 0 0 0 0 0 None

 24-Hour (1971) 0 0 // // // // 1980

 1-Hour (2010) // //

 Concord -- -- -- 4 0 0 2011

 Londonderry -- -- -- 0 0 0 None

 Manchester -- -- 1 1 -- -- 2011

 Miller -- -- 0 0 0 0 None

 Pembroke -- -- 95 57 1 0 2012

 Portsmouth -- -- 0 0 0 0 2008

* - Denotes measured by FEM equipment. Otherwise measured by FRM methods

// - Denotes NAAQS cited is not valid for this period

Notes: Claremont station closed in late 2008, Manchester closed in 2012, and Londonderry opened January 1, 2011. Concord 

station began SO2 monitoring in 2011.
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 17 

Table 1.3: 2011 – 2013 Ozone Design Values (ppb)

Ozone

Design Value (DV) 

Description NAAQS

5-Year 

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

2011-13

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

8-Hour 3-year average of 4thhighest daily maximum 

8-hour averages

75 76 101% Rye, Pack 

Monadnock

69 92% Mount 

Washington

Table 1.4: 2011 – 2013 Carbon Monoxide Design Values (ppm)

CO Design Value (DV) 

Description NAAQS

5-Year 

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

2011-13

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

1-Hour 2nd maximum over 2 

years

35 6.0 17% Manchester 2.1 6% Keene

8-Hour 2nd maximum over 2 

years

9 3.5 39% Manchester 1.1 12% Keene

Table 1.5: 2011 – 2013 Sulfur Dioxide Design Values (ppb)

SO2

Design Value (DV) 

Description NAAQS

5-Year 

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

2011-13

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

1-Hour 3-year average of 99th 

percentile of daily 

maximum 1-hour 

averages

75 221 295% Pembroke 89 119% Pembroke

3-Hour 2nd maximum 500 221 44% Pembroke 19 4% Portsmouth

Table 1.6: 2011 – 2013 Nitrogen Dioxide Design Values (ppb)

NO2

Design Value (DV) 

Description NAAQS

5-Year 

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

2011-13

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

1-Hour 3-year average of 98th 

percentile of daily 

maximum 1-hour 

averages

100 46 46% Manchester 10 10% Nashua

Annual Annual average over 3 

years

53 11 21% Manchester 2 4% Nashua

Table 1.7: 2011 – 2013 Fine Particulate Matter Design Values (μg/m3

)

PM2.5

Design Value (DV) 

Description NAAQS

5-Year 

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

2011-13

Max DV

% of 

NAAQS Location

24-

Hour

3-year average of 98th 

percentile of midnightto-midnight 24-hour 

averages

35 29 83% Keene 29 83% Keene

Annual Annual average over 3 

years

12 10.6 88% Keene 9.2 76% Keene
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 18 

Figure 1.4: Ozone trends for the 8-hour NAAQS (1997-2013) Figure 1.5: Ozone trends for the 8-hour NAAQS (1997-2013) 

 

Figure 1.6: Carbon Monoxide trends for the 1-hour NAAQS (1997-2013) Figure 1.7: Carbon Monoxide trends for the 8-hour NAAQS (1997-2013)
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 19 

Figure 1.8: PM2.5 trends for the 24-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) Figure 1.9: PM2.5 trends for the 24-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) 

Figure 1.10: PM2.5 trends for the annual NAAQS (2001-2013) Figure 1.11: PM2.5 trends for the annual NAAQS (2001-2013)
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 20 

Figure 1.12: Nitrogen Dioxide trends for the 1-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) Figure 1.13: Nitrogen Dioxide trends for the annual NAAQS (2001-2013)

Figure 1.14: Sulfur Dioxide trends for the 1-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) Figure 1.15: Sulfur Dioxide trends for the 3-hour NAAQS (2001-2013)
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 21 

Figure 1.16: PM10 trends for the 24-hour NAAQS (2001-2013) Figure 1.17: PM10 trends for the 24-hour NAAQS (2001-2013)

Figure 1.18: Lead trends for the primary NAAQS (2013)
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 22 

Table 1.8: New Hampshire State and Local Air Monitoring Stations Network – 2013/2014

SO2

Town Name AIRS # Frequency Scale Objective

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018 Continuous Regional Population

Pembroke Pembroke

Highway Dept. 33 013 1006 Continuous Neighborhood

High 

Concentration

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001 Continuous Regional Research

Portsmouth Pierce Island 33 015 0014 Continuous Neighborhood Population

Concord Hazen Drive 33 013 1007 Continuous Neighborhood Population

CO

Town Name AIRS # Frequency Scale Objective

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018 Continuous Regional Population

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001 Continuous Regional Research

O3

Town Name AIRS # Frequency Scale Objective

Concord Hazen Drive 33 013 1007 April - Sept Neighborhood Population

Greens Grant Camp Dodge 33 007 4002 April - Sept Regional Research

Keene Water Street 33 005 0007 Continuous Neighborhood Population

Laconia Lakes Region 33 001 2004 April - Sept Regional Population

Lebanon Lebanon 33 009 0010 Continuous Neighborhood Population

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018 Continuous Regional Population

Mount 

Washington

Mt. Washington 

Summit 33 007 4001 Continuous Regional Research

Nashua Gilson Road 33 011 1011 April - Sept Regional Population

Peterborough

Pack 

Monadnock 33 011 5001 Continuous Regional Research

Portsmouth Pierce Island 33 015 0014 Continuous Neighborhood Population

Rye, Odiorne

Seacoast 

Science Center 33 015 0016 April - Sept Neighborhood

High 

Concentration

NO2/NOy

Town Name AIRS # Frequency Scale Objective

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018 Continuous Regional Population

Nashua Gilson Road 33 011 1011 June - Sept Neighborhood Population

Peterborough

Pack 

Monadnock 33 011 5001 Continuous Regional Research
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 23 

Table 1.9: New Hampshire Particulate Matter Network – 2013/2014

PM2.5

Town Name AIRS # Frequency Scale Objective

Keene Water Street 33 005 0007 1 in 12 filter Neighborhood Population

Keene Water Street 33 005 0007

Continuous -

BAM Neighborhood Population

Laconia Green Street 33 001 2004 1 in 6 filter Regional Population

Lebanon Lebanon Airport 33 009 0010 1 in 12 filter Neighborhood Population

Lebanon Lebanon Airport 33 009 0010

Continuous -

BAM Neighborhood Population

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018 1 in 3 filter Regional Population

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018

Continuous -

BAM Regional Population

Nashua Crown Street 33 011 1015 1 in 6 filter Urban

High 

Concentration

Pembroke

Pembroke 

Highway Dept. 33 013 1006 1 in 3 filter Neighborhood

High 

Concentration

Pembroke

Pembroke 

Highway Dept. 33 013 1006 1 in 6 filter Neighborhood

Collocate

Audit

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001

Continuous -

BAM Regional Research

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001 1 in 3 filter Regional Research

Portsmouth Pierce Island 33 015 0014 1 in 12 filter Regional Population

Portsmouth Pierce Island 33 015 0014

Continuous -

BAM Regional Population

PM2.5 Speciation 

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001

1 in 3

IMPROVE Regional Research

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018

1 in 3

IMPROVE Regional Population

PM10

Londonderry Moose Hill School 33 015 0018 1 in 3 filter Regional Population

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001 1 in 3 filter Regional Research

Portsmouth Pierce Island 33 015 0014 1 in 6 filter Neighborhood Population

Portsmouth Pierce Island 33 015 0014 1 in 6 filter Neighborhood Audit

Table 1.10: New Hampshire PAMS Network – 2013/2014

Town Name AIRS # Frequency Scale Objective

Nashua Gilson Road 33 011 1011 June - Sept Regional Population

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001 June - Sept Regional Research

Table 1.11: New Hampshire NCore Network – 2013/2014

Town Name AIRS # Status Scale Objective

Londonderry

Moose Hill 

School 33 015 0018

Operational on

Jan 1, 2011 Regional Population

Peterborough Pack Monadnock 33 011 5001

Operational on

Jan 1, 2011 Regional Research
NHDES 2014/2015 Annual Review Plan Page 24 

Table 1.12: Seasonal Maximum 24-hour Averages at Gilson Road in Nashua for Toxic PAMS 

Species Compared to the Ambient Allowable Limit (AAL), 2005-2013

PAMS Parameter

AAL 

μg/m3

Max 24-hour Avg. (μg/m3) 3-Year 

Max as 

% of 

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 AAL

PROPYLENE (43205) 35,833 0.55 0.34 0.30 0.33 0.35 0.20 1.29 1.49 0.28 0.00%

CYCLOPENTANE (43242) 25,595 0.23 0.23 0.16 0.13 0.15 0.10 0.30 1.12 0.07 0.00%

ISOPENTANE (43221) 36,875 2.04 2.50 1.56 1.41 1.23 1.13 4.58 11.95 0.75 0.03%

PENTANE (43220) 36,875 3.13 1.39 0.85 0.74 0.76 0.61 1.99 6.05 0.47 0.02%

2-METHYLPENTANE (43285) 36,875 0.60 0.78 0.21 0.35 0.25 0.18 0.45 2.26 0.09 0.01%

3-METHYLPENTANE (43230) 36,875 0.41 0.48 0.20 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.44 1.65 0.09 0.00%

HEXANE (43231) 885 0.59 0.58 0.47 0.74 0.51 1.18 1.17 1.89 0.21 0.21%

BENZENE (45201) 5.7 0.51 0.74 0.36 0.42 0.37 0.29 1.11 1.23 0.21 21.58%

CYCLOHEXANE (43248) 6,000 0.25 0.21 0.21 0.48 0.19 0.29 0.41 0.47 0.06 0.01%

HEPTANE (43232) 8,249 0.56 0.34 0.18 0.32 0.25 0.12 0.43 1.37 0.07 0.02%

METHYLCYCLOHEXANE (43261) 23,958 0.21 0.21 0.11 0.16 0.10 0.06 0.30 0.85 0.03 0.00%

TOLUENE (45202) 5,000 2.37 2.67 1.39 1.97 1.60 1.77 2.18 5.10 0.67 0.10%

OCTANE (43233) 7,000 0.32 0.13 0.10 0.13 0.09 0.07 0.25 2.04 0.03 0.03%

ETHYLBENZENE (45203) 1,000 0.36 0.36 0.18 0.39 0.57 0.14 0.47 1.14 0.09 0.11%

M & P-XYLENES (45109) 1,550 0.88 0.96 0.68 1.15 2.04 0.45 1.22 3.49 0.24 0.23%

STYRENE (45220) 1,000 0.88 0.13 0.22 0.07 0.06 0.13 0.19 0.89 0.06 0.09%

O-XYLENE (45204) 1,550 0.32 0.36 0.26 0.40 0.40 0.16 0.56 1.26 0.10 0.08%

NONANE (43235) 15,625 0.21 0.13 0.21 0.10 0.11 0.07 0.33 0.35 0.04 0.00%

1,3,5-TRIMETHYLBENZENE (45207) 619 0.11 0.12 0.09 0.32 0.17 0.09 0.44 0.61 0.08 0.10%

1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE (45208) 619 0.32 0.39 0.32 0.39 0.31 0.18 0.47 1.25 0.19 0.20%

Table 1.13: Seasonal Maximum 24-hour Averages at Pack Monadnock in Miller State Park for 

Toxic PAMS Species Compared to the Ambient Allowable Limit (AAL), 2006-2013

PAMS Parameter

AAL 

(μg/m3)

Max 24-hour Avg. (μg/m3) 3-Year 

Max as 

% of 

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 AAL

PROPYLENE (43205) 35,833 0.28 0.25 0.46 0.15 0.20 0.59 0.38 0.17 0.00%

CYCLOPENTANE (43242) 25,595 0.42 0.53 1.63 0.09 0.29 0.17 0.21 0.13 0.00%

ISOPENTANE (43221) 36,875 1.03 1.09 0.70 0.89 0.75 1.84 2.32 0.95 0.01%

PENTANE (43220) 36,875 45.41 7.63 0.55 0.45 0.38 0.86 0.76 0.48 0.00%

2-METHYLPENTANE (43285) 36,875 0.19 0.27 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.30 0.25 0.06 0.00%

3-METHYLPENTANE (43230) 36,875 0.13 0.17 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.21 0.19 0.03 0.00%

HEXANE (43231) 885 0.21 0.27 0.19 0.32 1.36 1.01 0.48 0.28 0.11%

BENZENE (45201) 5.7 0.31 0.33 0.32 0.41 0.73 1.09 0.45 0.38 19.12%

CYCLOHEXANE (43248) 6,000 0.14 0.05 0.02 0.08 0.04 0.48 0.15 0.06 0.01%

HEPTANE (43232) 8,249 0.71 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.13 0.79 0.21 0.14 0.01%

METHYLCYCLOHEXANE (43261) 23,958 1.23 0.15 0.15 0.11 0.16 0.49 0.14 0.07 0.00%

TOLUENE (45202) 5,000 1.00 1.05 1.11 1.01 0.77 2.48 1.36 0.80 0.05%

OCTANE (43233) 7,000 0.91 0.17 0.27 0.11 0.06 0.40 0.23 0.07 0.01%

ETHYLBENZENE (45203) 1,000 0.35 0.20 0.59 0.21 0.15 0.42 0.18 0.13 0.04%

M & P-XYLENES (45109) 1,550 1.88 0.37 2.38 0.46 0.23 1.22 0.42 0.42 0.08%

STYRENE (45220) 1,000 1.03 1.13 1.80 0.40 0.08 0.18 0.14 0.05 0.02%

O-XYLENE (45204) 1,550 0.60 0.13 0.67 0.15 0.08 0.45 0.20 0.16 0.03%

NONANE (43235) 15,625 8.83 1.33 0.57 0.23 0.08 0.16 0.20 0.36 0.00%

1,3,5-TRIMETHYLBENZENE (45207) 619 1.75 0.08 0.29 0.13 0.04 0.10 0.12 0.08 0.02%

1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE (45208) 619 3.91 1.34 0.79 0.53 0.14 0.38 0.26 0.08 0.06%
PART 2: Individual Station Information

July 2014

25
Page 26

Camp Dodge, Green’s Grant

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-007-4002

Green’s Grant

Route 16

Coos

Regional

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

44.308119

-71.217658

335

1995

Site Description

This air monitoring station is located in a rural forested area off 

Route 16 in Green’s Grant. This wood clad, stick built shelter is 

approximately 7’ wide by 10’ long. This station is representative of 

a Class 1 Type Airshed. DES operates this station in cooperation 

with the Appalachian Mountain Club and the US Forest Service. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone – Temperature – IMPROVE. The US Forest Service operates the IMPROVE sampler. 

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 27

Mt. Washington Summit

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-007-4001

Sargents 

Purchase

Yankee Bld.

Coos

Regional

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

44.270086

-71.303844

1,917

1990

Site Description

This air monitoring station is located at the top of Mt. Washington 

in the Yankee Building. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone – Temperature 

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 28

Hubbard Brook, Woodstock

General Information

`

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-009-8001

Woodstock

Mirror Lake Rd. 

Grafton

Regional

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.944544

-71.700772

250

1989

Site Description

This air monitoring station is located in a rural area in the White 

Mountain National Forest. This pre-fabricated structure is 

specifically designed for climate-controlled scientific operations. It 

measures approximately 8’ wide by 10’ long. This is a CASTNET 

station and DES’ involvement is limited to capturing ozone data for 

real-time mapping purposes. An EPA Contractor operates this site.

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone – Temperature – CASTNET 

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 29

Lebanon Airport, Lebanon

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-009-0010

Lebanon

Airport Road

Grafton

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.6296

-72.309533

167

2005

Site Description

This 8’ wide by 10’ long insulated trailer is located at the northeast 

edge of the Lebanon Municipal Airport in a commercial area. The 

filter based PM2.5 sampler is located on a deck on top of the trailer. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone - Continuous PM2.5 (BAM) – filter based PM2.5 (1 every 12 days) - Wind Speed - Wind 

Direction - Temperature

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 30

Green Street, Laconia

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-001-2004

Laconia

Green Street

Belknap

Regional

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.566111

-71.496322

216

2001

Site Description

This 10’ wide by 12’ long cedar clad, stick-built air monitoring 

station is located in an open field in a rural residential area. The 

filter-based PM2.5 sampler is located on a platform approximately 

30m from the structure. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone – filter based PM2.5 (1 every 6 days) – Wind Speed – Wind Direction – Temperature -

Precipitation

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 31

Hazen Station, Concord

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-013-1007

Concord

27 Hazen Dr.

Merrimack

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.218478

-71.514533

100

2004

Site Description

This site has the advantage of being in close proximity to the DES 

main office, for both outreach opportunities and ease of 

maintenance. It is also in the proximity of residential 

neighborhoods, retirement communities and schools. The Station 

measures 8’ wide by 18’ long. Its insulated, box-type structure is 

specifically designed for climate-controlled scientific functions.

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone – Sulfur Dioxide – Temperature – Wind Speed – Wind Direction. DES also uses this station as 

an air monitoring laboratory and a staging area for field-ready equipment. 

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 32

Exchange Street, Pembroke

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-013-1006

Pembroke

Pleasant St. 

Merrimack

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.132444

-71.458270

100

2002

Site Description

This station is located in a suburban residential area southeast of the 

coal burning Merrimack station power plant. It is the ideal location 

for improving our understanding of near-field emissions from the 

Merrimack Station power plant. This insulated, box-type structure 

is specifically designed for climate-controlled scientific functions 

and measures approximately 8’ wide by 10’ long. The filter based 

PM2.5 samplers are located on a deck on top of the structure. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Sulfur Dioxide – filter based PM2.5 (1 every 3 days) – filter based PM2.5 Audit (1 every 6 days) –

Temperature – Wind Speed – Wind Direction. 

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is planning to discontinue PM2.5 monitoring at this site on December 31, 2014.
Page 33

Pierce Island, Portsmouth

General Information

`

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-015-0014

Portsmouth

Pierce Island

Rockingham

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.075367

-70.748014

4

2001

Site Description

This station is located in an urban commercial/residential area. It is 

strategically position to capture air quality data from the 

Portsmouth Shipyard (northeast), the urban center of Portsmouth 

(southwest), the industrialized Piscataqua River (northwest) and 

ocean fetch-type events (southeast) depending on wind direction. 

The cedar clad, stick built shelter is approximately 10’ wide by 12’ 

long. Filter based PM2.5 samplers are located on platforms 

approximately 8m from the shelter. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone – PM2.5 Continuous (BAM) – filter based PM2.5 (1 every 12 days) – filter based PM10 (1 every 6

days) – filter based PM10 Colocation (1 every 6 days) – Sulfur Dioxide – Temperature – Wind Speed –

Wind Direction

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 34

Seacoast Science Center, Rye

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-015-0016

Rye

Seacoast 

Science Ctr. 

Rockingham

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

43.045267

-70.713953

10

2003

Site Description

This station is located in a rural neighborhood on the seacoast in 

direct exposure to the Atlantic Ocean. The station is located inside a 

modified corner of the main facility building at the Seacoast 

Science Center. DES established this station to measure coastal 

ozone episodes as well as to promote public understanding of air 

pollution and monitoring.

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone - Temperature – Wind Speed – Wind Direction.

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 35

Water Street, Keene

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-005-0007

Keene

Water Street

Cheshire

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

42.930517

-72.272372

145

1989

Site Description

This 8’ wide by 10’ long air monitoring station is situated in a 

commercial area, close to the center of the city of Keene. The 

filter-based PM2.5 sampler is located on the rooftop deck. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone - PM2.5 Continuous (BAM) – filter based PM2.5 (1 every 12 days) – Wind Speed - Wind 

Direction - Temperature

Recent Changes

DES discontinued SO2, CO and black carbon analyzers on March 2013 for a special study. 

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 36

Moose Hill, Londonderry

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-015-0018

Londonderry

Moose Hill Sch.

Rockingham

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

42.862522

-71.380153

104

2009

Site Description

Proposed:

This 12’ wide by 16’ long wood clad, stick-built air monitoring station 

is located in a very open field in the heart of suburban New 

Hampshire, approximately halfway between the state’s two largest 

cities (Manchester and Nashua). It has virtually zero local 

interferences from nearby pollution sources or obstructions, making it 

an ideal location to measure regional air quality. Filter-based PM2.5

samplers are located on platforms approximately 15 m from the 

structure. 

Pollutants/Parameters

NCORE: PM2.5 Continuous (BAM) - filter based PM2.5 (1 every 3 days) – IMPROVE – PM Course (1 

every 3 days) – filter based PM10 (1 every 3 days) – Oxides of Nitrogen (NOy) – Ozone – Sulfur Dioxide 

(trace) – Carbon Monoxide (trace) – Lead – Temperature – Wind Speed – Wind Direction – Relative 

Humidity – Precipitation – Barometric Pressure.

Recent Changes

DES initiated lead monitoring on January 1, 2012.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 37

Pack Monadnock Mountain

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-011-5001

Peterborough

Miller State 

Park

Hillsborough

Regional

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

42.861901

-71.878613

694.6

2002

Site Description

This station is located in an elevated forest environment on the summit of 

Pack Monadnock Mountain. DES recently renovated this 27’ by 10’ 

structure to include many efficiency initiatives. The location of this 

station is scientifically significant because it is the highest accessible peak 

that lies directly within the primary air pollution transport corridor into 

the central part of the state. This allows this site to be the ideal location 

for improving our understanding of air pollution transport into the heavily 

populated Merrimack Valley and beyond. The Filter based PM2.5 sampler 

is located on a deck on top of the structure. 

Pollutants/Parameters

NCORE: PM2.5 Continuous (BAM) - filter based PM2.5 (1 every 3 days) – IMPROVE – PM Course (1 

every 3 days) – filter based PM10 (1 every 3 days) – Oxides of Nitrogen (NOy) – Ozone – Sulfur 

Dioxide (trace) – Carbon Monoxide (trace) – Temperature – Wind Speed – Wind Direction – Relative 

Humidity – Precipitation – Barometric Pressure – Solar Radiation.

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is not planning any significant changes to this station into the foreseeable future.
Page 38

Crown Street, Nashua

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-011-1015

Nashua

Crown Street

Hillsborough

Urban

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

42.762028

-71.444572

33.5

2005

Site Description

This air monitoring station is located in an urban commercial and 

residential neighborhood. It is located approximately 30 meters 

from the Merrimack River and consists of a small fenced-in 

platform approximately 12’ long by 8’ wide. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Filter based PM2.5 (1 every 6 days)

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES planning to discontinue this site on December 31, 2014.
Page 39

Gilson Road, Nashua

General Information

AQS ID: 

Town:

Address: 

County:

Spatial Scale:

33-011-1011

Nashua

57 Gilson Rd. 

Hillsborough

Neighborhood

Latitude:

Longitude:

Elevation (m):

Year Est.:

42.718656

-71.522428

59

2003

Site Description

This air monitoring station is located in a suburban residential 

neighborhood near a Superfund site. DES requires two 8’ wide by 

16’ long trailers to accommodate the equipment needed to measure 

ambient air parameters, including PAMS. DES collects 

meteorological data from a tower located on an adjacent building. 

Pollutants/Parameters

Ozone - Nitrogen Dioxide – PAMS – Temperature – Wind Speed – Wind Direction.

Recent Changes

DES did not make any significant changes to this station during this review period.

Proposed/Planned Changes

DES is planning on moving the PAMS monitoring to the Londonderry site before the 2015 PAMS 

season.