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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-15

INDUSTRY SERIES

Terrazzo, Tile, Marble,

and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

Industry 1743

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-15

INDUSTRY SERIES

Terrazzo, Tile, Marble,

and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

Industry 1743

U.S. Department of Commerce

Ronald H. Brown, Secretary

David J. Barram, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Issued September 1995
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Many persons participated in the various activities of the 1992 Census of Construction

Industries. The overall planning and review of the census operations were performed by the

Economic Census Staff of the Economic Planning and Coordination Division.

This report was prepared in the Manufacturing and Construction Division. Barry A. Rappaport,

Assistant Chief for Construction and Mineral Census and Related Programs, was responsible for

the overall planning, management, and coordination of the census of construction industries.

Planning and implementation were under the direction of Patricia L. Horning, Chief, Construction

and Mineral Census Branch, with staff assistance by Juliana Van Berkum, Jennifer L. Evans,

Susan L. Hostetter, Doris M. Kling, Carolyn J. Stone, and Linda M. Taylor. The sampling plans

and variance and estimation specifications were developed by Dennis K. Duke. Under the

direction of C. Lloyd Anderson, the Systems Support Staff maintained the small computers and

assisted in the management of computer output.

Systems and procedures for mailout, receipt, correspondence, data input, industry classification, other clerical processing, administrative-record processing, quality control, and the associated electronic computer programs, were developed in the Economic Planning and Coordination

Division.

Mailout preparation and receipt operations, clerical and analytical review activities, data

keying, and geocoding review were performed by the staff of the Data Preparation Division,

Judith N. Petty, Chief.

Geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs were developed by the staff

of the Geography Division, Joel Morrison, Chief.

The computer processing systems were developed and coordinated in the Economic

Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Paulter, Jr., Chief, and Sarah W.

Baumgardner, Assistant Chief. Samuel Rozenel, Chief, Current Construction Branch, was

responsible for the design and implementation of the computer systems. The computer programs

were prepared under the supervision of Leonard S. Sammarco and Kevin J. Montgomery.

Computer processing was performed in the Computer Services Division, Marvin D. Raines,

Chief.

The staff of the Administrative and Publications Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief,

performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement

for the publications and report forms. Bernadette J. Gayle provided publication coordination and

editing.

Special acknowledgment is also due the many businesses whose cooperation has contributed

to the publication of these data.

If you have any questions concerning the statistics in this report, call 301-457-4680.

Acknowledgments
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MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

David W. Cartwright, Chief

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Harry A. Scarr, Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider, Principal Associate

Director for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker, Associate

Director for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

ECONOMIC PLANNING AND COORDINATION

DIVISION

John P. Govoni, Chief

Economics and Statistics

Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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Introduction to

the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC

CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product, input/ output measures, production and

price indexes, and other statistical series that measure

short-term changes in economic conditions.

Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data, especially in monitoring economic activity and

providing assistance to business.

State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions

and to develop programs to attract business.

Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries and keep their members informed of

market changes.

Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

Title 13 of the United States Code (sections 131, 191,

and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic

census every 5 years, covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The 1992 Economic Census consists of the following eight

censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

Special programs also cover enterprise statistics and

minority-owned and women-owned businesses. (The 1992

Census of Agriculture and 1992 Census of Governments

are conducted separately.) The next economic census is

scheduled to be taken in 1998 covering the year 1997.

AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA

The results of the economic census are available in

printed reports for sale by the U.S. Government Printing

Office and on compact discs for sale by the Census

Bureau. Order forms for all types of products are available

on request from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,

Washington, DC 20233-8300. A more complete description of publications being issued from this census is on the

inside back cover of this document.

Census facts are also widely disseminated by trade

associations, business journals, and newspapers. Volumes containing census statistics are available in most

major public and college libraries. Finally, State data

centers in every State as well as business and industry

data centers in many States also supply economic census

statistics.

WHAT’S NEW IN 1992

The 1992 Economic Census covers more of the economy

than any previous census. New for 1992 are data on

communications, utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate,

as well as coverage of more transportation industries. The

economic, agriculture, and governments censuses now

collectively cover nearly 98 percent of all economic activity.

Among other changes, new 1992 definitions affect the

boundaries of about a third of all metropolitan areas. Also,

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses has now been

expanded to include all corporations.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1963, 1958, and 1954. Prior to that time, the individual

subcomponents of the economic census were taken separately at varying intervals.

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The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for 1840 and subsequent censuses to include mining and some commercial activities. In

1902, Congress established a permanent Census Bureau

and directed that a census of manufactures be taken every

5 years. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first time

a census was taken apart from the regular every-10-year

population census.

The first census of business was taken in 1930, covering 1929. Initially it covered retail and wholesale trade and

construction industries, but it was broadened in 1933 to

include some of the service trades.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated—providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firms

provided by the administrative records of other Federal

agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also have

been used to provide basic statistics for very small firms,

reducing or eliminating the need to send them census

questionnaires. The Enterprise Statistics Program, which

publishes combined data from the economic census, was

made possible with the implementation of the integrated

census program in 1954.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses has continued to expand. The census of construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and the

scope of service industries was broadened in 1967, 1977,

and 1987. The census of transportation began in 1963 as

a set of surveys covering travel, transportation of commodities, and trucks, but expanded in 1987 to cover business

establishments in several transportation industries. For

1992, these statistics are incorporated into a broadened

census of transportation, communications, and utilities.

Also new for 1992 is the census of financial, insurance,

and real estate industries. This is part of a gradual expansion in coverage of industries previously subjected to

government regulation.

The Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises

was first conducted as a special project in 1969 and was

incorporated into the economic census in 1972 along with

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses.

An economic census has also been taken in Puerto

Rico since 1909, in the Virgin Islands of the United States

and Guam since 1958, and in the Commonwealth of the

Northern Mariana Islands since 1982.

Statistical reports from the 1987 and earlier censuses

provide historical figures for the study of long-term time

series and are available in some large libraries. All of the

census data published since 1967 are still available for

sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT

ECONOMIC DATA

While the census provides complete enumerations every

5 years, there are many needs for more frequent data as

well. The Census Bureau conducts a number of monthly,

quarterly, and annual surveys, with the results appearing in

publication series such as Current Business Reports (retail

and wholesale trade and service industries), the Annual

Survey of Manufactures, Current Industrial Reports, and

the Quarterly Financial Report. Most of these surveys,

while providing more frequent observations, yield less

kind-of-business and geographic detail than the census.

The County Business Patterns program offers annual

statistics on the number of establishments, employment,

and payroll classified by industry within each county.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1992 Economic Census and Related Statistics. More information on the methodology, procedures,

and history of the census will be published in the History of

the 1992 Economic Census. Contact Customer Services

for information on availability.

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Census of Construction

GENERAL

The 1992 Census of Construction Industries covers all

employer establishments (establishments with payroll) primarily engaged in contract construction or construction on

their own account for sale as defined in the Standard

Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC). This industrial classification system has been developed by experts

on classification in government and private industry under

the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget and

is in general use among government agencies and among

organizations outside the government.

Contract construction. The SIC manual defines construction in three broad types of activity:

1. Building construction by general contractors or by

operative builders. General building contractors are

primarily engaged in the construction of dwellings,

office buildings, stores, farm buildings, and other building projects. Operative builders who build on their own

account for sale are also included here. However,

investment builders who build structures on their own

account for rent are classified in Real Estate.

2. Heavy construction general contractors. Heavy construction general contractors are primarily engaged in

the construction of highways, bridges, pipelines, sewers and water lines, marine construction, power, and

petro-chemical plants and other nonbuilding construction projects. Special trade contractors are classified

in heavy construction, if they are specifically engaged

in the following activities: grading for highway and

airport runways; guardrail construction; installation of

highway signs; asphalt and concrete construction of

roads, highways, streets, and public sidewalks; trenching, cable laying; conduit construction; underwater

rock removal; pipeline wrapping; or land clearing and

leveling.

3. Constructionby other specialtrade contractors. These

contractors include plumbers, painters, carpenters,

electricians, brick layers, roofers, etc. For the most

part, they perform their work at the site of construction,

although they may also have shops where they perform work incidental to the job site.

General contractors in both the building and the heavy

construction field usually assume responsibility for an

entire construction project, but may subcontract to others

all of the actual construction work or those portions of the

project requiring special skills or equipment. Special trade

contractors may work for general contractors, for other

subcontractors, or may work directly for the owner of the

property.

Each establishment receiving a questionnaire was requested

to report the percent of total dollar value of business done

for each kind-of-business activity engaged in during 1992.

This information was used for the computer assignment of

appropriate industry classifications. During this work, various tests were also made using other data reported on the

questionnaire. The proportion of construction work to total

business was checked to verify that the establishment was

primarily in construction. Also taken into consideration

were the types of structures worked on during the year and

the extent of work undertaken for other contractors.

Construction establishments often engage in various

construction activities. It is necessary, however, to assign

a single industry code to the establishment based on its

major activity. Therefore, the statistics shown for an industry reflect not only the primary activity of the establishments in the industry but also their secondary activities.

The industry reports, however, do present data on the

extent of secondary activities.

Prior to 1992, this census also included one industry

classified in the Real Estate area, SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries. This industry

is covered in the 1992 Census of Financial, Insurance,

and Real Estate Industries.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The census of construction industries is conducted on

an establishment basis. A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is

defined as a relatively permanent office or other place of

business where the usual business activities related to

construction are conducted. With some exceptions, a

relatively permanent office is one which has been established for the management of more than one project or job

and which is expected to be maintained on a continuing

basis. Such ‘‘establishment’’ activities include, but are not

limited to estimating, bidding, purchasing, supervising, and

operation of the actual construction work being conducted

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

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at one or more construction sites. Separate construction

reports were not required for each project or construction

site.

Companies with more than one construction establishment were required to submit a separate report for each

establishment operated during all or any part of 1992. The

census of construction industries figures represent a summary of records for individual establishments rather than

for companies.

If an establishment was engaged in construction and

one or more distinctly different lines of economic activity

(wholesale or retail trade, service, manufacturing, mining,

etc.) at the same place of business, it was requested to file

a separate report for each activity, provided that the

activity was of substantial size and separate records were

maintained or substantially accurate estimates could be

prepared.

If a separate establishment report could not be prepared for each activity, then a construction report was

requested covering all activities of that establishment

providing that the 1992 value of construction work exceeded

the gross receipts from each of its other activities.

Construction businesses with no payroll during 1992

(nonemployers) were not required to file census reports.

Tabulation of data for these businesses are based on

administrative records and are shown only in U.S. summary publications and the geographic area reports series.

Refer to the section on ‘‘Sample Design’’ for details.

Foreign construction activities were not included in this

census.

SAMPLE DESIGN, ESTIMATION PROCEDURES,

AND RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES

The companies included in the 1992 Census of Construction Industries were identified as part of an operation

common to all 1992 Economic Censuses. Construction

companies were divided into employers (companies with

payroll) and nonemployers (companies without payroll).

Statistical information for the employers was obtained in

the census by a survey which included all medium size and

large employers and a sample of the smaller ones. Census

reports were not required from the nonemployers. Statistics on nonemployers were obtained from administrative

records of other agencies of the Federal Government.

Employer Companies

Developing the sampling frame for employer companies. This operation started with obtaining a list of all

construction companies in the active records of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which were subject to payment

of Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes. The

basic source for this list has been the Internal Revenue

Service Business Master File, a comprehensive list of

companies engaged in business activities in the United

States. The file contains the name, address, and form of

ownership of each company and also indicates whether or

not the company is subject to the FICA. Each company in

this file is assigned a unique employer identification (EI)

number which it uses in filing its various reports with the

IRS. The Social Security Administration (SSA) maintains a

similar list using the same identification numbers, which

also contains information on the industrial classification of

each company. The Bureau of the Census obtained both of

these lists and combined them.

Under special arrangements which safeguarded the

confidentiality of the information, the Bureau also obtained

administrative-record data on payrolls and receipts and

added these data to the combined list. The list, thus

created from the IRS-SSA information, was a list of employer

companies. However, for the 1992 Economic Census the

basic reporting unit is the ‘‘establishment.’’ Therefore,

steps were taken to identify the individual establishments

of those companies which operate more than one place of

business. The information for making this determination

was obtained by means of the Company Organization

Survey (COS), an annual canvass of all known multiestablishment companies and large single-establishment companies. Thus, the 1992 Economic Census list for singleestablishment employer companies was obtained from the

IRS-SSA, but the list of establishments of multiestablishment employer companies was obtained directly from

those companies in the COS. Refer to the section on

‘‘Establishment Basis for Reporting’’ for details.

In general, the IRS-SSA list provided sufficient industrial

classification data to assign a company to the proper

economic census, but there were a number of companies

for which this information was inadequate or unavailable. A

special form, NC-9923, General Schedule, was mailed to

all such companies, requesting information on the nature

of the company’s activities. From the information reported,

the company was given an industrial classification code

and assigned to the appropriate economic census. Since

construction companies found in this way were identified

only after the regular census mailing had taken place, they

were treated as a supplement to the basic list.

Selecting the employer sample. The sample was designed

to provide reliable State and metropolitan area estimates

for each construction industry. It consisted of all construction establishments in multiestablishment companies, all

single-establishment companies with 1991 administrative

payroll of $480,000 or more and a probability sample of

single-establishment companies with payroll under that

amount. Supplementing the sample were construction

companies identified from the NC-9923, General Schedule. Also affecting the sample were the misclassified

companies; i.e., companies included in the samples of

other trade areas which reported they were construction

companies and companies originally classified in construction which reported they were not construction companies.

Of the 547,000 single-establishment employer companies initially classified as construction companies, 158,000

were included in the sample. All of the 11,000 establishments of multiestablishment companies were included in

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the sample. There was a net increase in the sample of

48,000 establishments resulting from establishments originally unclassified (receiving the NC-9923) or misclassified.

The probability sample of the smaller single-establishment

companies was a stratified random sample. Strata were

formed from all establishments with the same initial fourdigit SIC code, in the same State, in the same metropolitan

area, or in the balance of the State, and in the same size

class based on estimated total employment. If the fourdigit SIC code for an establishment was incomplete, the

establishment was placed in a stratum for miscellaneous

companies. Because they were small, all companies were

included in the sample for the following three industries:

SIC 1622, Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction Contractors; SIC 1795, Wrecking and Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors; and SIC 1796, Installation or

Erection of Building Equipment Special Trade Contractors.

Estimation procedures for 1992 and 1987 data. Since

all larger employer companies and some smaller ones

were included in the census, sample estimation was

required only for the universe of companies not selected

with certainty. The published statistics are the totals of the

estimates for the sampled companies and the aggregates

for the certainty companies. All estimates for 1992 and

1987 published here are simple unbiased estimates of the

form:

n

c

x’

c = Σ xi

/ pi

i =1

where: x’

c is the simple unbiased estimate of a characteristic for a publication cell.

x

i is the reported value of a characteristic for

an individual establishment in the publication cell.

p

i is the selection probability of that firm.

n

c is the number of firms in the sample for the

cell.

Data for certain characteristics were reported as a

percentage of the dollar value of business done. Before

this formula was applied to those characteristics, it was

necessary to convert the reported percentages into dollars.

Reliability of employer statistics. Since the estimates

for employer establishments in these reports are based on

the samples, they are subject to sampling variability and

may be expected to differ from results which would have

been obtained if a complete census had been taken using

the same forms and procedures. The sampling errors

shown in the tables were estimated directly from the

sample reports, using methods appropriate for the sample

design and form of estimation used. The relative standard

error is a measure of sampling variability; i.e., the variation

that might occur by chance because only a sample of the

population is surveyed. As calculated for this report, the

relative standard error also partially reflects the effect of

random errors of response and processing, but it does not

take into account the effect of any consistent biases due to

those types of errors. The chances are about 68 out of 100

that an estimate from the sample would differ from a

complete census by less than the relative standard error.

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the difference is

less than twice the relative standard error and about 99 out

of 100 that it is less than 2-1/ 2 times the relative standard

error. Individual estimates with large relative standard

errors have been shown in the published tables. Any such

estimates should be used with caution. The very large

relative standard errors generally occur for the smaller

estimates.

Relative standard errors have been calculated for all of

the published statistics, although they are shown for each

statistic only in the tables presenting detailed statistics.

Other tables show relative standard errors only for certain

characteristics because of lack of space.

As calculated for this report, the relative standard error

measures certain nonsampling errors, but does not measure any systematic biases in the data. Bias is the difference, averaged over all possible samples with the same

size and design, between the estimates and the true value

being estimated. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to

many sources: inability to obtain information about all

cases in the sample; definitional difficulties; differences in

interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of

respondents to provide correct information; and errors

made in processing the data. Although no direct measurements of the biases have been obtained, it is believed that

most of the important response and operational errors

were detected in the course of reviewing the data for

reasonableness and consistency.

A potential source of bias is in the imputation for those

establishments that have not responded by the time of

final publication. Data were estimated for establishments

that did not report by that date, although selected establishments were contacted again to obtain as much information on the telephone as possible. Some publication

cells in which more than 40 percent of the data were not

reported have been suppressed.

Nonemployer Companies

As described earlier, the information derived from the

business income tax returns of all companies was matched

to the census employer file on the basis of common

identification numbers. Those business income tax returns

which could not be matched were further classified on the

basis of several characteristics. Returns with characteristics consistent with companies without payroll were treated

as nonemployers. The nonemployer construction companies were not required to file census reports.

For ‘‘number of establishments,’’ each separate income

tax return was assumed to be an establishment. ‘‘All

business receipts’’ was based on receipts information

reported on the tax return.

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Since no sampling was involved in the nonemployer

establishments, the statistics for nonemployers are not

subject to sampling variability. However, these data are

subject to an unknown amount of reporting and processing

errors which could not be detected by the Census Bureau.

CENSUS REPORT FORMS

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries was obtained from employer establishments primarily

through the use of 22 questionnaires, determined by

industry classification and size. Standard forms and short

forms were developed for each of the following SIC

groups: 15, 16, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, and

179. Establishments with 1991 administrative payroll of

$1,080,000 or more all received the standard form. For

those sample establishments with payroll under that amount,

half received the standard form and half received the short

form. The short forms covered only major items and

omitted some of the detail found in the longer forms.

In reviewing and developing the questionnaires,

comments and recommendations were elicited from

construction trade associations and advisory groups.

Also, approximately 6,000 establishments in SIC’s 1521,

1629, and 1799 were surveyed in the Census of Construction Industries 1989 Pretest. This survey consisted of four

panels which received one of four experimental questionnaries and one panel which received the control questionnaire. Along with the questionnaire, these establishments

received an evaluation questionnaire, which requested

information about respondents’ reactions to the questionnaire, problems in completing the questionnaire, and how

long it took to complete the questionnaire. Results from

the 1989 Pretest questionnaire are reflected as reworded

questions, improved instructions, and restructured value of

business questions in the 1992 questionnaires.

DATA PROCESSING

The 1992 census report forms were mailed out in

December 1992. They were mailed from and returned to

the Census Bureau’s Data Preparation Division in Jeffersonville, IN, where routine editing and coding of the report

forms were also accomplished. Collection of these report

forms was essentially completed in July 1993.

The returned reports underwent extensive processing.

A preliminary edit done at the time of data entry identified

obviously deficient reports and reports needing clarification. When necessary, these problems were resolved by

further contact with the respondents. Next, the data were

transmitted to Census Bureau headquarters near Washington, DC.

Data records, then, underwent a detailed computer

review and analysis. The records containing significant

problems were referred for further analytical review and, if

necessary, contacts were made with the respondents. The

computer performed most classification coding (such as

industry coding, geographic coding, and size coding), and

imputation for missing items or for reports not received in

time for tabulation. The imputation was performed on an

industry (or industry group) and State (or geographic

group) basis using all available response and administrative data.

The data records were then tabulated on an industry

basis. Industry totals were subjected to analytical review,

and selected statistics were prepared for the preliminary

reports. Corrections resulting from this review were made

to the computer records and final tabulations were produced.

The review of a preliminary report for an industry often

uncovered the need for corrections or revisions to the data

for another industry for which a preliminary report had

already been published. The final reports incorporate all

revisions and corrections made during the review of the

preliminary reports and contain considerable more data

than were published in those reports.

GEOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries’

final industry report series is classified on the basis of two

types of geographic distributions: (1) physical location of

the establishment, and (2) location of construction work. A

separate code was assigned on each basis allowing us to

present data by both physical location of the establishment

and location of construction work.

The geographic area reports series presents similar

data by industry for each State (physical location of the

establishment) and for selected MSA’s, CMSA’s and PMSA’s.

CHANGE IN COLLECTION METHODOLOGY FOR

VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK DONE

In 1987 and 1992, the ‘‘value of construction work’’ was

collected to better measure actual construction activity

done during the year. In 1992, this item was collected as a

total of three separate items. These items ( receipts from

construction contract work, value of speculative construction work, and value of construction work done for own

use) were collected separately to emphasize construction

activity that had been poorly reported in previous censuses.

Receipts from the sale of land were not collected

separately in 1992, as in 1987, but are still excluded from

the value of construction work done.

All dollar values are shown in current dollars for the

years specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

DUPLICATION IN VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION

WORK

The aggregate of value of construction work reported by

all construction establishments in each of the several

industry, geographic area, or other groupings in this census contains varying amounts of duplication, since the

construction work of one firm may be subcontracted to

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other construction firms and may also be included in the

subcontractors’ value of construction work. To avoid this

duplication, a ‘‘net’’ value of construction work figure has

been derived for each establishment by subtracting the

costs for construction work subcontracted to others from

the value of construction work.

Duplication in value of business between other construction and nonconstruction industries results from the use of

products of these other industries as input materials by

construction establishments. ‘‘Value added’’ avoids this

duplication and is, for most purposes, the best measure for

comparing the relative economic importance of industries

or areas. ‘‘Value added’’ is defined in the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries as equal to dollar value of business

done less costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and payments for materials, components, supplies,

and fuels.

SPECIAL TABULATIONS

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1992 Census

of Construction Industries may be obtained on computer

tape or in tabular form. The data will be in summary form

and subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of

confidential information (including name, address, kind of

business, or other data for individual business establishments or companies) as are the regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact and detailed

specifications of the type and format of the data to be

provided, should be directed to the Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233.

To discuss a special tabulation before submitting specifications, call 301-457-4680.

COMPARABILITY OF CENSUS OF

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES DATA WITH

OTHER DATA

Data contained in the reports of the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries are not the same as the data

published in the Census Bureau’s monthly Construction

Reports, Series C30, Value of New Construction Put in

Place. The main difference is that the C30 series covers all

new construction put in place without regard to who is

performing the construction activity; whereas, the construction census figures cover both new construction and

maintenance and repair work done by establishments

classified in the construction industry. Significant amounts

of construction are done by establishments classified

outside of construction (in real estate, manufacturing,

utilities, and communications, for example), both as ‘‘force

account’’ construction and construction done for others. In

addition, the value in place series includes constructionrelated expenses such as architectural and engineering

costs and the costs of materials supplied by owners which

are normally not reflected in the census of construction

industries.

Data contained in the reports of the census of construction industries may also differ from industry data in ‘‘Employment and Earnings Statistics,’’ published by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics and ‘‘Statistics of Income,’’ published by

the Internal Revenue Service. These differences arise

from varying definitions of scope, coverage, timing, classification, and methodology.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used in

this publication:

* Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

** Represents the sum of all employees during

pay periods including 12th of March, May,

August, and November, divided by 4.

- Represents zero.

† Represents value of construction work less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others. (See Duplication in Value of Construction Work.)

†† Represents dollar value of business done less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and costs for materials, components,

supplies, and fuels. In 1987, for SIC 1531, land

receipts were collected as a component of

dollar value of business and, therefore, were

subtracted from this value. (See Duplication in

Value of Construction Work.)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

(NA) Not available.

(S) Withheld because estimate did not meet publication standards on the basis of either the

response rate, associated relative standard

error, or a consistency review.

(X) Not applicable.

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

n.s.k. Not specified by kind.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION IX
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Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report

by Table Number

Statistics For the

United States By State

By

employment

size

By

size class of dollar value of business done

By type, class,

kind of business,

and location of

construction1

By

specialization

in types of

construction

Assets and depreciation (gross book value):

Beginning of year—buildings, machinery, and

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

End of year—total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

End of year—buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . 3

Depreciation charges during year—

buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Capital expenditures:

Total capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

New buildings—machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . 3

Used buildings—machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . 3

Communication services, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Employees:

All employees—average number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers—average number . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 9 1, 9

Construction workers—quarterly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 9 9

Other employees—average number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Other employees—quarterly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Establishments—number in business during year . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 1, 9 5 6 8

Fringe benefits—legally required and voluntary

expenditures .................................. 2

Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Materials, components, supplies, and fuels—costs for . . 1, 2 1 5 6

Ownership—private or government owned . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Payroll:

First-quarter, all employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Annual:

All employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1

Other employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Power, fuels, and lubricants—costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Proprietors and working partners. . . . . . . . . . ......... 2

Ratios, selected industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 13

Receipts and value:

Dollar value of business done, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 11 5 6 11

Value of construction work, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10 1, 10 5 6 7, 10 8

For work subcontracted in from others . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2

Other business receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Net value of construction work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Value added. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Rental costs:

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1 5 6

For machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

For buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to buildings and other structures . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Subcontract work to others, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Note: Data for 1987 and earlier years are also available in some of these tables.

1

Type—buildings, roads, etc. Class—new construction; additions, alterations, or reconstruction; or maintenance and repair work.

X USERS’ GUIDE CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Contents

Terrazzo, Tile,

Marble, and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

[Page numbers listed here omit the prefix that

appears as part of the number of each page]

Page

Introduction to the Economic Census III ...............................................

Census of Construction V ...........................................................

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report by Table Number X ..................

Summary of Findings ............................................................. 2

FIGURES

1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction 3 ............................

2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done 3 .............................

TABLES

Statistics for Establishments With Payroll

1. General Statistics by State: 1992 and 1987 4 ...................................

2. Detailed Statistics: 1992 and Earlier Census Years 6 .............................

3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation: 1992 and 1987 7 .................

4. Value of Inventories: 1992 and 1991 7 .........................................

5. Selected Statistics by Employment Size Class: 1992 and 1987 8 ..................

6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done: 1992 and

1987 ...................................................................... 8

7. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction: 1992 and 1987 9 ............

8. Selected Statistics by Specialization in Types of Construction: 1992 10 .............

9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment by State: 1992 11 .....................

10. Value of Construction Work by Location of Construction Work: 1992 and 1987 12 ...

11. Dollar Value of Business Done by Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987 13 ...... 12. Selected Industry Ratios: 1992 and 1987 14 ..................................... 13. Selected Industry Ratios by State: 1992 15 ......................................

Statistics for Establishments Without Payroll appear in the U.S. Industry

Summary Report.

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 ........................................................

B. Standard Industrial Classification Titles for Industry Groups and Industries B–1 ........

C. Geographic Divisions and States C–1 ..............................................

Publication Program Inside back cover ...................................................

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORKnn15–1
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Summary of Findings

Establishments classified in this industry are primarily

engaged in setting and installing ceramic tile, marble, and

mosaic, and in mixing marble particles and cement to

make terrazzo at the site of construction. For additional

examples, refer to the Standard Industrial Classification

Manual: 19871 (SIC) published by the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the President.

During 1992, the establishments with paid employees

classified in this industry accounted for $2.48 billion in total

dollar value of business. Of this amount, $2.44 billion were

for the value of construction work. These establishments

paid out $967 million for materials, components, and

supplies and $116 million for construction work subcontracted to others. Costs for selected power, fuels, and

lubricants for the industry were $41 million. Value added

for 1992 was $1.36 billion.

There were 6,499 establishments with total employment

averaging 34,012 during the year. Total payroll for 1992

was $775 million.

Larger establishments with 20 employees or more,

while representing only 5 percent of the total number of

employer establishments in this industry accounted for 37

percent of all business done.

A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is defined as a relatively

permanent office, or other place of business, where the

usual business activities related to construction are conducted. A separate census report was required from each

sampled establishment covering domestic operations. Separate reports were not, however, required for each project or

construction site.

For 1987 and earlier censuses, receipts from the sale of

land were collected separately for general contractors and

operative builders. These receipts were included in the

total dollar value of business done but excluded from the

value of construction work done. For 1992, receipts from

the sale of land were not collected separately but are still

excluded from the value of construction work done. All

dollar values are shown in current dollars for the years

specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

The data in this report are estimated from a sample

survey and are subject to sampling variability as well as

errors of response and nonreporting. The relative standard

error shown in the tables is a measure of sampling

variability. Descriptions of the sampling, estimating procedures, and data reliability are included in the introduction.

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

15–2 TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
Figure 2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done

(Percent)

1992

1987

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK 15-3

Figure 1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction

(Percent)

1992

1987

Payroll, all employees

 Materials, components, and supplies

 Construction work subcontracted

 out to others

 Rental costs for machinery,

 equipment, and buildings

Selected purchased services:

 Communications, repairs to buildings,

 machinery, and equipment

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants

Single-family houses, detached

Other commercial buildings such as stores,

 restaurants, and automobile service stations

 Industrial buildings

Office buildings

Educational buildings

Hospitals and institutional buildings

 Apartment buildings with two or more

units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives

37.4

31.6

14.7

15.1

12.7

14.3

6.6

4.3

4.9

6.0

4.4

4.2

3.9

6.8

3.6

3.7

2.9

4.5

1.6

0.8

1.2

1.0

31.2

31.7

39.0

37.7

4.7

3.9

1.6

1.6

1.2

0.9

1.6

1.2

Other nonresidential buildings

Religious buildings

Single-family houses, attached, including

townhouses and townhouse-type condominiums

Other residential buildings, including

hotels, motels, and tourist cabins
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Table 1. General Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

1992

Employees** Payroll

Number of

establish- ments AllConstruction workersAll employeesConstruction workers

Valueof construction work

Net

valueof construction work†

Value added††

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies, and fuels

AB C D E FGH I

United States 6 ------------------------ 499 34 012 26 941 774 788 568 215 2 438 641 2 322 563 1 358 017 1 007 752

Alabama 105 ------------------------------------- 672 545 11 777 7 778 35 646 35 377 22 371 15 645

Alaska 6 --------------------------------------- 15 11 474 405 1 316 (D) 836 (D)

Arizona 159 -------------------------------------- 724 590 11 781 9 430 37 797 35 504 21 393 14 492

Arkansas 34 ------------------------------------- 156 112 2 257 1 626 *12 420 10 678 4 655 *6 544

California 1 ------------------------------------- 435 7 868 6 330 188 236 139 936 573 716 556 765 333 910 227 659

Colorado 75 ------------------------------------- 413 327 10 102 7 832 36 252 33 048 15 830 17 792

Connecticut 72 ----------------------------------- 208 169 5 602 4 219 20 071 19 786 11 816 7 997

Delaware 19 ------------------------------------- 51 41 1 418 935 3 849 3 770 2 216 1 554

District of Columbia 2 --------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida 793 --------------------------------------- 3 162 2 537 51 810 39 929 176 205 165 524 89 645 79 362

Georgia 164 -------------------------------------- 1 021 825 20 127 15 204 74 139 68 147 36 759 (D)

Hawaii 40 --------------------------------------- 341 280 11 138 7 902 35 545 34 296 21 800 12 763

Idaho 37 ---------------------------------------- *122 *110 *1 802 *1 541 7 431 7 192 3 793 *3 445

Illinois 198 ---------------------------------------- 1 446 1 106 41 914 31 191 125 019 117 042 70 465 48 879

Indiana 64 --------------------------------------- 603 503 13 031 9 826 36 273 34 951 19 964 15 052

Iowa 43 ----------------------------------------- 174 147 3 882 3 046 15 584 13 711 8 294 5 584

Kansas 28 --------------------------------------- 179 157 4 148 3 155 12 841 12 751 7 547 5 231

Kentucky 65 ------------------------------------- 295 240 6 986 4 764 22 228 21 861 12 937 8 937

Louisiana 71 ------------------------------------- 481 373 7 967 5 855 25 375 23 962 12 751 11 892

Maine 6 ---------------------------------------- (D) 11 *172 *111 *632 *632 *330 305

Maryland 119 ------------------------------------- 684 535 18 381 13 031 44 952 44 164 26 788 17 674

Massachusetts 84 -------------------------------- 330 261 9 117 (S) 23 422 22 514 14 177 10 630

Michigan 141 ------------------------------------- 636 499 15 748 11 738 47 702 45 906 25 752 20 317

Minnesota 110 ------------------------------------ 706 515 18 854 12 379 58 538 56 149 33 516 26 346

Mississippi 21 ------------------------------------ 101 83 (D) (S) (D) (D) (D) (S)

Missouri 77 -------------------------------------- 483 387 11 669 8 235 36 163 34 965 21 580 14 048

Montana 13 ------------------------------------- 29 24 380 283 2 003 1 978 1 116 880

Nebraska 21 ------------------------------------- 109 79 2 205 1 637 8 327 8 201 6 734 4 055

Nevada 67 -------------------------------------- 653 542 16 733 12 923 46 808 43 859 23 798 20 154

New Hampshire 8 ------------------------------- 22 17 399 318 1 771 1 667 903 767

New Jersey 207 ----------------------------------- 786 636 23 074 16 796 78 328 68 220 43 067 26 483

New Mexico 33 ---------------------------------- 100 (S) 1 460 1 155 6 208 6 070 3 255 2 815

New York 454 ------------------------------------ 2 438 1 766 68 978 49 198 215 374 203 555 125 818 80 672

North Carolina 184 -------------------------------- 835 647 17 521 12 171 59 749 53 586 29 533 24 188

North Dakota 4 --------------------------------- (D) 13 (D) (D) 1 061 (D) 571 (D)

Ohio 148 ----------------------------------------- 771 632 18 057 14 561 57 032 55 519 31 705 23 996

Oklahoma 46 ------------------------------------ 231 174 4 610 3 117 14 887 14 582 9 348 (D)

Oregon 85 -------------------------------------- 253 205 5 127 4 232 18 128 17 935 10 009 7 939

Pennsylvania 183 --------------------------------- 1 012 785 32 077 21 452 90 838 88 288 54 470 36 393

Rhode Island 40 --------------------------------- 87 72 1 494 1 249 6 626 6 341 3 552 2 891

South Carolina 88 -------------------------------- 367 313 6 185 4 854 18 988 18 377 11 325 7 715

South Dakota *6 --------------------------------- 68 50 1 006 666 2 892 2 706 2 582 761

Tennessee 92 ----------------------------------- 541 401 8 875 5 996 28 711 27 745 15 040 14 279

Texas 308 ---------------------------------------- 1 913 1 550 36 516 26 824 128 446 118 925 63 665 55 739

Utah 70 ----------------------------------------- 428 336 7 651 5 850 21 808 21 432 12 244 9 195

Vermont *8 -------------------------------------- (D) (D) 79 79 (D) (D) 327 262

Virginia 194 --------------------------------------- 1 133 889 20 471 13 884 66 424 63 977 34 548 30 351

Washington 162 ----------------------------------- 762 590 18 193 12 907 56 313 54 354 29 205 26 793

West Virginia 7 --------------------------------- 37 28 529 384 1 621 1 565 930 (D)

Wisconsin 88 ------------------------------------ 500 386 11 929 8 781 34 599 34 320 20 132 14 697

Wyoming *17 ------------------------------------- 29 22 503 343 1 845 1 804 1 077 767

15–4nnTERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Location

of

establishment

1992mCon. 1987

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to othersValue of construction work subcontracted in from othersRental

cost for machinery,

equipment,

and buildings

Capital

expenditures, other than land

End-of-year

gross

book value of depreciable assets

All employees**

Value of construction work

Value added††

J K L M N O P Q BGM

116 078 1 909 362 30 363 27 446 283 791 34 420 2 271 593 1 317 632 2 1 7 U.S.

269 28 229 230 298 3 975 409 20 931 11 873 11 8 11 AL

(D) 1 249 5 (D) (D) (D) 4 331 *2 449 (Z) (D) (D) AK

*2 292 36 853 680 678 3 744 1 083 46 945 28 549 9 8 32 AZ

(S) 4 833 79 *80 1 095 90 8 289 4 796 20 37 74 AR

16 951 526 914 8 646 6 113 76 101 7 465 529 857 319 898 3 2 15 CA

*3 204 19 219 257 179 2 132 200 14 605 8 385 13 12 34 CO

285 18 238 270 (S) 1 744 301 24 668 14 824 15 20 (S) CT

*79 2 585 40 (S) (S) 50 (D) 2 731 16 12 (S) DE

(D) (D) – – (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) – DC

10 681 114 178 1 715 2 117 20 908 3 280 200 112 99 886 6 5 23 FL

(S) 43 718 572 537 4 711 827 47 297 25 821 12 17 25 GA

(S) 30 496 177 400 2 174 311 27 363 17 024 10 7 28 HI

239 *8 643 *99 *86 593 *93 4 462 *2 962 43 39 46 ID

7 977 87 274 1 773 868 10 513 1 278 98 316 60 057 5 4 18 IL

1 322 29 274 242 356 4 111 329 21 458 12 942 7 5 16 IN

1 872 8 727 51 *439 1 496 237 13 133 5 432 11 11 63 IA

90 3 933 *25 64 620 86 6 656 (D) 27 23 5 KS

367 18 408 159 231 2 181 185 14 344 8 245 8 8 2 KY

*1 413 15 591 165 660 3 661 272 13 001 7 609 19 20 39 LA

– (D) – (D) 41 109 8 854 3 627 (D) 45 (D) ME

788 32 644 1 052 175 2 270 768 56 068 34 026 11 8 30 MD

*908 12 441 223 (S) (S) 577 44 310 26 321 16 12 (S) MA

1 796 28 643 342 *1 058 5 706 798 58 700 34 610 11 9 73 MI

*2 389 44 771 *353 *658 4 722 641 51 529 36 086 9 10 47 MN

124 (S) (D) (S) 882 56 2 982 1 466 21 (D) (S) MS

1 198 26 788 *411 198 3 836 467 27 273 16 287 15 10 3 MO

(S) 1 850 7 20 378 (S) (S) (S) (Z) (Z) (Z) MT

*126 *10 164 *171 *297 2 650 75 4 502 3 034 27 25 53 NE

*2 949 40 938 552 (S) 3 229 267 17 105 10 403 11 10 (S) NV

103 1 599 (S) (S) 58 124 8 474 4 794 4 7 (S) NH

(S) 61 492 1 410 943 8 666 1 763 122 814 73 709 9 8 33 NJ

138 5 986 48 (S) 472 143 7 783 5 041 22 7 (S) NM

11 819 150 197 3 127 2 466 34 871 2 441 158 356 99 354 8 7 30 NY

6 163 53 060 799 559 6 341 1 086 65 373 33 913 4 4 23 NC

(D) 1 018 (D) (D) (D) 7 510 233 (D) (D) (D) ND

1 513 37 783 478 555 5 723 720 63 198 33 590 10 10 21 OH

305 11 255 55 68 2 525 150 9 105 4 955 15 15 (Z) OK

*193 16 962 *559 *569 2 203 (S) (S) (S) 14 20 58 OR

2 550 66 194 875 869 12 594 976 76 729 43 035 7 6 23 PA

(S) 2 645 32 15 615 106 8 102 4 789 19 17 (Z) RI

612 14 051 264 173 2 635 604 28 996 17 436 10 13 (Z) SC

186 2 603 85 28 152 (D) (D) (D) 36 23 25 SD

(S) 26 248 *487 287 3 151 743 35 730 20 423 9 10 20 TN

9 521 113 143 1 395 1 968 19 067 2 241 124 339 69 729 6 6 33 TX

377 17 054 254 201 (S) 258 15 734 7 829 7 7 24 UT

91 511 24 *6 47 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 58 VT

2 446 51 105 1 128 *665 5 976 1 495 73 017 39 531 10 7 46 VA

1 959 38 528 541 520 4 590 388 37 573 18 875 11 11 26 WA

56 136 *60 21 *267 39 3 165 2 023 22 21 14 WV

(S) 31 832 277 854 4 144 359 27 262 14 426 13 8 26 WI

*41 *1 761 *32 51 345 (D) 840 420 27 29 30 WY

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Table 2. Detailed Statistics for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and Earlier Census Years

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of

estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1982 1977 1992 1987 1982 1977

Number of establishments in business during year 6 -------------------------------------------------- 499 5 089 3 890 3 891 2 2 3 3

Proprietors and working partners ------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 175 1 659 1 760 2 433 3 6 5 5

All employees** --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 012 34 420 25 434 22 324 2 1 2 2

Construction workers:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 602 26 761 20 333 17 921 2 1 2 2

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 696 28 033 21 557 19 383 2 1 2 2

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 066 29 017 22 215 19 857 2 1 2 2

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 403 27 822 21 226 19 092 2 1 2 2

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 941 27 908 21 695 19 084 2 1 2 2

Other employees:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 798 6 261 3 730 3 151 2 2 2 2

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 762 6 251 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 126 6 720 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 595 6 812 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 070 6 511 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

Payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 774 788 733 959 383 985 255 475 1 1 1 1

Payroll, construction workers-------------------------------------------------------------------- 568 215 554 150 306 334 207 643 1 1 1 1

Payroll, other employees ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 206 573 179 808 77 651 47 832 2 2 1 1

First-quarter payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------- 184 144 163 456 86 668 55 474 2 2 2 1

Fringe benefits, all employees -------------------------------------------------------------------- 183 744 156 266 69 322 45 180 2 2 2 1

Legally required expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------- 131 427 115 855 55 396 26 220 2 2 2 1

Voluntary expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52 317 40 410 13 926 18 960 2 2 3 1

Dollar value of business done--------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 481 847 2 315 715 1 210 867 788 747 2 2 2 1

Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 438 641 2 271 593 1 190 627 766 114 2 2 2 1

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others 1 ---------------------------------------- 909 362 1 317 188 692 416 534 006 2 2 3 2

Other business receipts ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 43 206 44 121 20 240 22 633 7 7 7 3

Net value of construction work†------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 322 563 2 181 972 1 158 013 750 078 1 1 1 1

Value added†† ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 358 017 1 317 632 666 031 443 049 2 1 2 1

Selected costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 123 830 998 082 544 836 345 698 2 2 2 2

Materials, components, and supplies ------------------------------------------------------------ 966 979 871 938 487 683 315 856 2 2 2 2

Construction work subcontracted out to others 116 --------------------------------------------------- 078 89 620 32 614 16 036 6 7 4 8

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants ------------------------------------------------------------ 40 773 36 522 24 538 13 806 2 2 3 2

Electricity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 509 5 156 3 140 1 487 3 3 5 3

Natural and manufactured gas ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 996 1 129 953 514 6 6 9 5

Gasoline and diesel fuel---------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 975 27 720 18 900 10 589 3 2 3 2

On highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 761 25 953 (NA) (NA) 3 2 (NA) (NA)

Off highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 214 1 766 (NA) (NA) 9 8 (NA) (NA)

Other, including lubricating oils and greases 1 ---------------------------------------------------- 293 2 516 1 544 1 218 12 5 6 6

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 30 ------------------------------------------------ 363 21 061 9 349 4 527 4 4 3 2 For machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 226 4 955 3 609 1 684 5 6 6 3 For buildings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 137 16 106 5 739 2 843 5 4 5 3

Selected purchased services --------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 709 26 924 15 324 13 572 3 3 3 3 Communication services------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 508 13 343 7 429 5 850 3 4 3 2 Repairs to buildings and other structures--------------------------------------------------------- 2 310 2 104 1 070 734 9 7 6 5 Repairs to machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------ 17 891 11 476 6 824 6 989 4 5 4 5

Ownership of construction projects: Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 438 641 2 271 593 1 190 627 766 114 2 2 2 1 Government owned-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 352 926 209 514 116 546 108 388 4 4 12 2 Federal----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 93 084 71 588 (NA) (NA) 6 7 (NA) (NA)

State and local ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 259 842 137 925 (NA) (NA) 5 4 (NA) (NA)

Privately owned ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 085 715 2 062 079 1 074 080 657 727 2 2 2 2

15–6nnTERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
TIPS UPF [MCD_CMCB,J_EVANS] 9/ 25/ 95 12:01:19 EPCV20 TLP:J_EV_INDTAB.TLP;46 9/ 25/ 95 11:59:59 DATA:J_EV_T1.DAT;36 9/ 25/ 95 11:59:25 UPF:CON_CENPROD:[CEN.DATA]J_EV_T PAGE: 4

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Table 3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation for Establishments With Payroll:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of estimate

(percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 265 -------------------------------------------- 918 169 844 4 3 Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 27 446 37 611 7 8 New ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 753 29 948 8 8 Used --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 693 7 662 14 11 Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets------------------------------------------------- 9 573 6 274 9 9

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 283 ------------------------------------------------- 791 201 181 4 3

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 420 23 369 8 4

Buildings and Other Structures, Additions, and Related Facilities

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 64 -------------------------------------------- 446 55 019 10 5

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 3 902 8 009 17 26

New buildings and other structures ------------------------------------------------------------ 2 313 4 670 19 37

Used buildings and other structures------------------------------------------------------------ (S) 3 338 (S) 20

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets------------------------------------------------- 761 904 24 33

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 67 ------------------------------------------------- 587 62 124 9 6

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 691 4 454 11 6

Machinery and Equipment

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 201 -------------------------------------------- 472 114 824 4 3

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 23 543 29 602 7 6

New machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 20 --------------------------------- 439 25 278 8 6

New automobiles and trucks, intended primarily for highway use 12 -------------------------------- 514 19 045 11 6

Used machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 3 -------------------------------- 104 4 324 13 13

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets------------------------------------------------- 8 812 5 370 9 8

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 216 ------------------------------------------------- 204 139 057 4 3

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 27 729 18 914 9 4

Table 4. Value of Inventories for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1991

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item Establishments with payroll

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent)

All establishments:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 499 2

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 438 641 2

Establishments with inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 498 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 216 307 2

Inventories1:

End of 1992, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 46 292 4

End of 1991, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 43 296 5

Establishments with no inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 555 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 750 658 3

Establishments not reporting:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 446 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 471 676 3

1Inventories at cost or market prior to any adjustment to correct to LIFO values.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORKnn15–7
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Table 5. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Employment Size Class:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with an average ofm

Total

1 to 4

employees

5 to 9

employees

10 to 19

employees

20 to 49

employees

50 to 99

employees

100 to 249

employees

250 to 499

employees

500 to 999

employees

1,000

employees

or more

1992

Number of establishments 6 -------------------------- 499 4 609 999 588 242 49 12 – – –

All employees** 34 ----------------------------------- 012 7 830 6 521 7 622 7 144 3 266 1 629 – – –

Payroll, all employees 774 ------------------------------ 788 121 624 133 722 180 170 203 424 98 699 37 148 – – –

Dollar value of business done 2 ----------------------- 481 847 578 852 432 004 542 179 550 567 282 995 95 250 – – –

Value of construction work 2 -------------------------- 438 641 572 385 427 081 531 872 535 471 276 933 94 899 – – –

Net value of construction work† 2 --------------------- 322 563 539 777 406 632 503 881 517 284 354 989 (D) – – –

Value added†† 1 ------------------------------------- 358 017 298 198 234 168 302 329 303 525 164 991 54 806 – – –

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels 1 ---- 007 752 248 046 177 387 211 859 228 855 141 605 (D) – – –

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others 116 - 078 32 608 20 449 27 991 18 187 16 843 (D) – – –

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 30 --- 363 4 608 5 915 8 286 6 593 3 868 1 092 – – –

Capital expenditures, other than land 27 ----------------- 446 8 534 5 026 6 595 4 298 2 160 833 – – –

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 283 --- 791 70 041 51 271 66 343 62 967 24 858 8 311 – – –

1987

All employees** 34 ----------------------------------- 420 6 453 5 752 6 389 7 850 4 853 1 938 1 183 – –

Value of construction work 2 -------------------------- 271 593 462 607 346 477 399 545 525 968 336 454 200 540 (D) – –

Value added†† 1 ------------------------------------- 317 632 238 477 193 659 237 170 312 348 211 632 82 979 41 365 – –

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR OF

ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 ----------------------------------- 4 6 5 2 (Z) (Z) – – –

Net value of construction work† 1 --------------------- 4 6 5 2 (Z) (D) – – –

Capital expenditures, other than land 7 ----------------- 15 17 13 1 (Z) (Z) – – –

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

Table 6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done for

Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with dollar value of business done

Total

Less than

$25,000

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

to

$99,999

$100,000

to

$249,999

$250,000

to

$499,999

$500,000

to

$999,999

$1,000,000

to

$2,499,999

$2,500,000

to

$4,999,999

$5,000,000

to

$9,999,999

$10,000,000

or more

1992

Number of establishments 6 ----------------- 499 (S) (S) (S) 2 100 933 655 354 100 36 9 All employees** 34 -------------------------- 012 (S) (S) (S) 5 124 5 356 6 308 6 972 3 988 2 508 1 028 Payroll, all employees 774 --------------------- 788 (S) (S) (S) 80 001 101 040 143 273 183 776 122 305 81 031 34 676 Dollar value of business done 2 -------------- 481 847 (S) (S) (S) 332 437 328 883 459 611 548 474 338 098 231 659 116 044 Value of construction work 2 ----------------- 438 641 (S) (S) (S) 328 527 324 376 451 989 538 609 327 624 225 799 115 784 Net value of construction work† 2 ------------ 322 563 (S) (S) (S) 315 400 312 449 431 292 507 028 315 680 215 053 103 408

Value added†† 1 ---------------------------- 358 017 (S) (S) (S) 175 888 187 380 249 263 290 132 190 477 132 291 61 846 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and

fuels 1 ------------------------------------ 007 752 (S) (S) (S) 143 422 129 577 189 651 226 761 135 677 88 622 41 822 Cost of construction work subcontracted out

to others 116 -------------------------------- 078 (S) (S) (S) 13 127 11 926 20 697 31 582 11 945 10 746 12 376 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and

buildings 30 -------------------------------- 363 (S) (S) (S) 2 921 3 547 6 830 7 267 4 571 2 551 1 705 Capital expenditures, other than land 27 -------- 446 (S) (S) (S) 5 737 2 857 5 789 5 271 3 451 2 023 382 End-of-year gross book value of depreciable

assets 283 ---------------------------------- 791 (S) (S) (S) 44 018 30 643 61 010 60 164 42 113 20 451 6 710

1987

All employees** 34 -------------------------- 420 (S) (S) (S) 4 662 4 483 5 667 7 566 4 546 3 376 1 957

Value of construction work 2 ----------------- 271 593 (S) (S) (S) 244 029 286 134 376 455 528 605 320 367 421 417 (D)

Value added†† 1 ---------------------------- 317 632 (S) (S) (S) 136 157 158 980 205 311 312 097 190 108 156 010 108 298

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR

OF ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 -------------------------- (S) (S) (S) 5 7 6 3 1 (Z) (Z)

Net value of construction work† 1 ------------ (S) (S) (S) 5 6 6 4 1 (Z) (Z)

Capital expenditures, other than land 7 -------- (S) (S) (S) 22 14 15 8 17 (Z) (Z)

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

15–8nnTERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 7. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Type of

Construction: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Type of construction

Value of construction work

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent) for columnm

Total

New

construction

Additions,

alterations, or

reconstruction

Maintenance

and repair

A B C DABC D

1992

Value of construction work 2 -------------------------------------------- 438 641 1 518 882 631 976 202 673 2 2 2 5

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 2 319 806 1 494 663 626 724 198 419 2 2 2 5

Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 031 109 727 155 236 431 67 523 2 3 4 6

Single-family houses, detached 912 ---------------------------------------------- 491 644 965 210 450 57 076 3 3 4 7

Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 118 618 82 190 25 981 10 447 5 6 10 9

Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives 88 ---------------------------------------------- 452 47 172 25 213 *16 067 11 5 17 53

Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 94 ------------- 749 66 328 21 988 6 433 16 23 10 8

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 309 493 169 999 95 667 43 827 3 3 5 5

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 357 414 213 236 118 858 25 320 3 4 4 8

Industrial buildings and warehouses 85 -------------------------------------------- 068 47 873 21 803 15 392 5 4 8 15

Industrial buildings ---------------------------------------------------------- 71 657 39 042 19 228 13 387 5 3 9 17

Warehouses --------------------------------------------------------------- 13 411 8 831 2 575 (S) 13 12 19 (S)

Religious buildings------------------------------------------------------------ 29 068 16 973 9 335 2 760 4 4 10 12

Educational buildings --------------------------------------------------------- 160 643 106 246 44 092 10 306 3 4 6 13

Hospitals and institutional buildings 108 --------------------------------------------- 130 64 793 35 633 7 704 4 5 5 6

Amusement, social, and recreational buildings, indoors 17 --------------------------- 553 12 866 3 551 1 135 5 6 10 22

Other nonresidential buildings 38 -------------------------------------------------- 127 22 022 14 151 1 954 12 11 19 34

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 33 725 24 219 5 252 4 254 11 12 17 34

Outdoor swimming pools ------------------------------------------------------ 22 345 18 357 2 707 1 282 16 16 34 24

Other nonbuilding construction 11 ------------------------------------------------- 380 5 862 2 546 *2 972 13 6 1 48

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 85 109 (NA) (NA) (NA) 8 (NA) (NA) (NA)

1987

Value of construction work 2 -------------------------------------------- 271 593 1 617 836 404 028 153 338 2 2 3 5

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 2 131 122 1 581 099 400 274 149 749 2 2 3 4 Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 852 862 646 826 152 380 53 654 3 3 5 7 Single-family houses, detached 717 ---------------------------------------------- 487 533 409 140 320 43 757 3 3 5 7 Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 135 375 113 417 12 060 9 897 7 8 10 14 Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives 83 ---------------------------------------------- 047 60 872 12 694 9 480 8 9 13 12 Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 155 ------------- 175 120 562 23 599 11 012 3 4 7 16 Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 325 723 265 445 42 365 17 912 2 2 4 6 Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 342 216 249 726 74 106 18 383 4 5 5 7

Industrial buildings and warehouses 113 -------------------------------------------- 849 76 883 24 646 12 319 3 4 5 7

Industrial buildings ---------------------------------------------------------- 101 479 67 703 21 652 12 123 4 4 6 7

Warehouses --------------------------------------------------------------- 12 369 9 180 2 993 196 4 6 (Z) (Z)

Religious buildings------------------------------------------------------------ 23 470 15 039 5 466 2 965 6 8 8 12

Educational buildings --------------------------------------------------------- 98 497 65 352 21 366 11 777 5 6 8 13

Hospitals and institutional buildings 94 --------------------------------------------- 553 50 101 35 399 9 053 4 3 7 6

Amusement, social, and recreational buildings, indoors 22 --------------------------- 944 17 238 3 614 2 091 4 5 7 4

Other nonresidential buildings 18 -------------------------------------------------- 786 13 055 4 639 *1 103 23 23 34 44

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 44 080 36 737 3 753 3 589 11 12 12 2

Outdoor swimming pools ------------------------------------------------------ 30 411 27 868 1 804 738 16 16 24 7

Other nonbuilding construction 13 ------------------------------------------------- 669 8 869 1 949 2 851 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 96 390 (NA) (NA) (NA) 11 (NA) (NA) (NA)

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORKnn15–9
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Table 8. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Specialization in Types of

Construction: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. This table presents selected statistics for establishments according to degree of specialization in major types of construction

work. If number of establishments or value of construction work for a given type of specialization are relatively insignificant, data may not be shown. In addition, data are not shown in this table

where distribution of the value of construction work by type of construction was not provided in table 7. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms,

see appendix A]

Item

Value of construction work Relative standard error

of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Number of

establishmentsAll

employees**

Payroll, all

employees

For

all types

For

specialized

type

Net

value of

construction

work†

Value

added††

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

A B C D E F G HBDH

All establishments 6 -------------------------------- 499 34 012 774 788 2 438 641 1 387 553 2 322 563 1 358 017 116 078 2 2 6

Establishments not specializing by type 1 ---------------------- 151 10 996 271 362 807 859 (NA) 772 811 455 443 35 049 3 2 9 Establishments specializing 51 percent or more 5 --------------- 348 23 015 503 426 1 630 782 1 387 553 1 549 752 902 574 81 030 2 2 8

SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSES, DETACHED

All establishments specializing in type 3 ------------- 650 13 237 262 839 879 736 763 588 838 871 484 214 40 865 3 3 9

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 1 -------------------------------- 724 4 606 79 615 299 211 299 211 286 185 161 995 13 026 6 6 15

90 to 99 percent specialization 758 ---------------------------- 2 938 58 798 200 097 187 138 190 809 108 914 9 288 7 7 21

80 to 89 percent specialization 427 ---------------------------- 2 066 44 549 139 706 114 386 130 366 74 722 9 340 10 9 23

70 to 79 percent specialization 450 ---------------------------- 2 220 48 574 141 082 102 514 137 340 85 613 3 742 8 7 21

60 to 69 percent specialization 234 ---------------------------- 1 125 24 682 79 528 49 368 74 746 41 052 4 782 12 10 14

51 to 59 percent specialization 57 ---------------------------- 282 6 621 20 111 10 971 19 425 11 918 *686 13 14 53

SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSES, ATTACHED, INCLUDING

TOWNHOUSES AND TOWNHOUSE-TYPE

CONDOMINIUMS

All establishments specializing in type 209 ------------- 639 12 294 37 967 34 206 36 228 18 921 1 739 17 15 30

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 151 -------------------------------- 356 6 933 22 318 22 318 20 871 10 891 1 447 18 18 36

90 to 99 percent specialization *14 ---------------------------- (S) (S) *2 670 *2 563 *2 646 *875 (S) (S) 66 (S)

80 to 89 percent specialization *9 ---------------------------- *51 *1 146 *3 594 *2 979 *3 573 *1 597 (S) 55 54 (S)

70 to 79 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- *161 *3 263 *7 702 *5 404 *7 455 *4 523 *247 41 40 50

60 to 69 percent specialization – ---------------------------- –––––– ––––

51 to 59 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) – (S) (S) –

OFFICE BUILDINGS

All establishments specializing in type 118 ------------- 2 238 68 720 194 671 155 405 184 390 111 158 10 282 5 4 14

Establishments with m 100 percent specialization 21 -------------------------------- 471 12 529 31 892 31 892 29 511 18 630 *2 381 14 14 57 90 to 99 percent specialization 24 ---------------------------- 549 18 305 44 481 41 673 44 035 28 095 446 1 1 (Z)

80 to 89 percent specialization 24 ---------------------------- 401 12 458 39 136 31 725 37 305 21 827 1 830 20 13 5 70 to 79 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 196 5 860 28 106 20 289 (D) 13 051 (D) 18 13 (D)

60 to 69 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 248 10 253 25 063 15 415 24 720 13 183 *343 11 7 53 51 to 59 percent specialization 10 ---------------------------- 373 9 315 25 994 14 413 (D) 16 372 (D) 6 13 (D)

OTHER COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS SUCH AS

STORES, RESTAURANTS, AND AUTOMOBILE

SERVICE STATIONS

All establishments specializing in type 358 ------------- 2 566 60 255 200 083 162 665 189 024 102 407 11 059 6 6 17

Establishments with m 100 percent specialization 132 -------------------------------- 691 14 439 51 143 51 143 49 572 28 289 *1 570 15 13 44 90 to 99 percent specialization 63 ---------------------------- 279 6 603 21 504 20 534 (D) 12 458 (D) 24 26 (D)

80 to 89 percent specialization 42 ---------------------------- 509 14 335 38 555 31 765 37 706 21 561 849 7 5 12 70 to 79 percent specialization 41 ---------------------------- 523 11 280 35 754 25 922 32 666 15 506 *3 088 15 15 57 60 to 69 percent specialization 64 ---------------------------- 538 13 137 50 672 31 950 (D) 23 039 (D) 10 7 (D)

51 to 59 percent specialization *16 ---------------------------- 26 461 2 455 1 350 2 434 *1 554 *21 29 39 71

EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS

All establishments specializing in type 85 ------------- 1 012 27 242 68 604 48 002 67 268 42 350 1 336 9 8 30

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization *7 -------------------------------- *23 *229 *1 145 *1 145 (D) *455 (D) 57 63 (D)

90 to 99 percent specialization *16 ---------------------------- 77 2 522 7 757 7 245 7 226 4 370 *531 23 26 70 80 to 89 percent specialization 12 ---------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (D) (S) (D) (S) (S) (D)

70 to 79 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- (S) 5 781 (S) (S) (S) 8 795 251 (S) (S) 18

60 to 69 percent specialization 20 ---------------------------- 395 11 910 24 833 15 561 24 586 16 404 247 12 12 21 51 to 59 percent specialization 12 ---------------------------- 158 3 534 12 341 6 779 12 121 6 889 *220 25 20 62

15–10nnTERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment for Establishments With Payroll by

State: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Construction workers1

Relative standard error of estimate (percent) for columnm Number of

establishments

Average

number of

construction

workers

January

to March

April

to June

July

to September

October

to December

A B C D E FABCDE F

United States 6 ----------- 499 26 941 26 602 27 696 28 066 25 403 2 2 2 2 2 2

Alabama 105 ------------------------ 545 586 536 552 506 14 12 14 10 17 10 Alaska 6 -------------------------- 11 11 12 10 12 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Arizona 159 ------------------------- 590 605 594 622 538 11 10 13 10 13 8 Arkansas 34 ----------------------- 112 116 113 105 114 26 19 19 19 21 19 California 1 ----------------------- 435 6 330 6 335 6 695 6 418 5 872 3 3 3 3 3 3

Colorado 75 ------------------------ 327 296 304 365 343 22 12 11 11 15 12 Connecticut 72 --------------------- 169 158 172 199 147 17 16 17 16 15 16 Delaware 19 ----------------------- 41 40 41 42 39 30 14 14 14 14 15 District of Columbia 2 -------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida 793 -------------------------- 2 537 2 586 2 565 2 537 2 458 5 6 7 6 7 6

Georgia 164 ------------------------- 825 778 838 903 780 10 12 12 12 12 13 Hawaii 40 -------------------------- 280 251 300 311 256 21 9 8 9 8 9 Idaho 37 --------------------------- *110 81 *135 *112 *113 22 44 32 49 41 46 Illinois 198 -------------------------- 1 106 1 104 1 099 1 155 1 066 11 5 5 5 6 5 Indiana 64 ------------------------- 503 468 497 564 481 10 6 5 5 7 7

Iowa 43 ---------------------------- 147 137 147 149 156 25 13 13 12 14 12 Kansas 28 ------------------------- 157 153 158 168 151 29 30 30 30 28 31 Kentucky 65 ------------------------ 240 217 228 255 258 16 8 7 6 9 12 Louisiana 71 ----------------------- 373 399 368 365 361 11 21 23 21 18 20 Maine 6 -------------------------- 11 *10 11 11 *10 24 39 42 39 39 42

Maryland 119 ------------------------ 535 616 574 504 444 12 11 10 11 12 13 Massachusetts 84 ------------------ 261 258 271 273 241 19 16 15 15 15 15 Michigan 141 ------------------------ 499 496 512 530 458 10 10 10 9 11 11 Minnesota 110 ----------------------- 515 506 555 564 438 16 9 9 10 10 10 Mississippi 21 ---------------------- 83 (S) 91 77 (S) 17 21 (S) 19 23 (S)

Missouri 77 ------------------------ 387 384 376 444 346 10 16 13 21 21 16 Montana 13 ------------------------ 24 23 30 21 22 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Nebraska 21 ----------------------- 79 81 72 85 79 30 25 29 24 23 25 Nevada 67 ------------------------- 542 512 514 591 553 4 12 12 12 13 14 New Hampshire 8 ----------------- 17 (S) 14 (S) 16 13 6 (S) (Z) (S) (Z)

New Jersey 207 --------------------- 636 572 641 683 648 10 9 9 9 8 9 New Mexico 33 --------------------- (S) (S) 75 (S) 54 23 (S) (S) 20 (S) (Z) New York 454 ----------------------- 1 766 1 777 1 877 1 817 1 592 8 8 7 8 8 8 North Carolina 184 ------------------- 647 712 618 645 614 8 5 10 4 4 4 North Dakota 4 -------------------- 13 (D) 14 (D) 13 (Z) (Z) (D) (Z) (D) (Z)

Ohio 148 ---------------------------- 632 546 630 759 595 11 10 10 9 14 10

Oklahoma 46 ----------------------- 174 171 150 169 206 13 16 15 16 18 17

Oregon 85 ------------------------- 205 200 209 224 188 15 14 15 13 14 17

Pennsylvania 183 -------------------- 785 734 774 883 750 10 6 7 6 6 6

Rhode Island 40 -------------------- 72 65 77 73 71 26 23 16 30 32 23

South Carolina 88 ------------------ 313 300 407 283 262 19 11 11 10 11 11

South Dakota *6 ------------------- 50 *59 *51 48 43 58 35 47 41 29 24

Tennessee 92 ---------------------- 401 405 402 398 400 13 9 10 10 10 10

Texas 308 -------------------------- 1 550 1 473 1 547 1 668 1 510 5 5 5 6 6 6

Utah 70 ---------------------------- 336 328 328 349 340 12 9 8 8 10 11

Vermont *8 ------------------------ (D) (D) (D) 8 (D) 43 (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D)

Virginia 194 ------------------------- 889 863 954 898 840 11 10 9 12 10 9

Washington 162 --------------------- 590 574 702 591 492 13 12 11 16 10 9

West Virginia 7 -------------------- 28 25 28 28 29 22 24 26 24 24 23

Wisconsin 88 ----------------------- 386 363 352 423 403 11 12 11 12 14 9

Wyoming *17 ------------------------ 22 *26 *30 17 13 46 36 58 51 14 (Z)

1Construction workers during pay periods including 12th of March, May, August, and November.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORKnn15–11
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Table 10. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Location of

Construction Work: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of construction work

1992

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Construction work done by

establishments located in

this State

Construction work done by

establishments not located

in this State

Value of

construction

work done in

this State Number

Value of

construction

work Number

Value of

construction

work

1987

value of

construction

work done in

this State

Percent

change

1987

(col F)

to

1992

(col A)

A B C D E F G A CE

United States 2 ----------------------------------------------- 438 641 6 481 2 263 891 1 066 174 750 2 271 593 7.4 2 1 9

Alabama------------------------------------------------------------- 31 351 105 30 111 14 1 241 19 069 64.4 7 7 38

Alaska -------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 6 (D) 2 (D) *5 536 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Arizona-------------------------------------------------------------- 38 619 159 37 219 8 1 400 49 082 –21.3 9 9 (Z)

Arkansas ------------------------------------------------------------ *12 664 34 *12 124 10 540 8 710 45.4 43 44 21

California ------------------------------------------------------------ 585 370 1 435 572 091 37 13 279 533 007 9.8 2 3 8

Colorado ------------------------------------------------------------ 48 721 75 30 888 *22 (S) 15 591 212.5 32 11 (S)

Connecticut ---------------------------------------------------------- 25 086 72 19 243 42 *5 842 24 685 1.6 20 20 54

Delaware ------------------------------------------------------------ 4 769 19 3 701 11 1 068 5 198 –8.2 10 12 5

District of Columbia 14 --------------------------------------------------- 209 2 (D) 29 (D) 15 283 –7.0 12 (D) (D)

Florida -------------------------------------------------------------- 180 426 793 175 185 54 5 241 206 982 –12.8 5 6 19

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------------- 58 834 156 54 341 29 4 492 46 622 26.2 10 11 13

Hawaii--------------------------------------------------------------- 40 769 40 35 545 6 5 224 27 440 48.6 8 9 (Z)

Idaho --------------------------------------------------------------- 8 535 37 7 265 9 1 270 *3 571 139.0 33 39 4

Illinois --------------------------------------------------------------- 128 320 198 120 358 26 7 962 97 234 32.0 4 5 1

Indiana -------------------------------------------------------------- 35 264 59 32 670 33 2 594 21 136 66.8 4 4 5

Iowa ---------------------------------------------------------------- 9 052 (S) 8 640 9 412 7 386 22.6 14 15 (Z)

Kansas -------------------------------------------------------------- 16 496 27 10 696 20 5 800 7 358 124.2 18 28 1

Kentucky ------------------------------------------------------------ 23 444 65 20 455 44 2 990 14 213 65.0 8 9 16

Louisiana ------------------------------------------------------------ 24 654 71 23 996 11 658 14 121 74.6 20 21 34

Maine --------------------------------------------------------------- 772 6 *632 *7 *140 8 941 –91.4 38 45 50

Maryland ------------------------------------------------------------ 48 130 119 31 521 34 16 609 48 076 .1 8 11 13

Massachusetts 23 ------------------------------------------------------- 664 84 21 849 25 1 815 46 160 –48.7 12 13 16

Michigan------------------------------------------------------------- 51 516 141 47 702 28 3 814 58 799 –12.4 9 9 6

Minnesota ----------------------------------------------------------- 55 992 110 53 746 16 2 246 50 897 10.0 12 12 6

Mississippi ----------------------------------------------------------- 8 022 21 (D) 31 (D) 3 568 124.8 14 (D) (D)

Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------- 29 245 77 26 654 *16 2 591 25 794 13.4 12 13 28

Montana------------------------------------------------------------- 2 029 (S) 1 982 *5 *48 2 445 –17.0 1 (Z) 56

Nebraska ------------------------------------------------------------ 8 294 21 8 115 5 179 6 401 29.6 26 27 (Z)

Nevada-------------------------------------------------------------- 46 334 67 45 466 *14 *868 15 406 200.8 11 11 47

New Hampshire 1 ------------------------------------------------------ 999 8 (S) *17 406 8 577 –76.7 8 (S) 26

New Jersey ---------------------------------------------------------- 78 291 207 71 431 48 6 861 126 188 –38.0 6 6 20

New Mexico --------------------------------------------------------- 4 294 (S) 4 135 *9 159 7 600 –43.5 10 10 30

New York------------------------------------------------------------ 214 368 451 207 396 45 6 972 164 044 30.7 7 8 39 North Carolina 46 ------------------------------------------------------- 941 184 45 016 34 1 925 58 497 –19.8 5 6 14 North Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- (D) 4 (D) 1 (D) 504 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Ohio ---------------------------------------------------------------- 55 261 148 52 158 22 *3 103 53 328 3.6 10 11 43 Oklahoma ----------------------------------------------------------- 9 642 44 (D) *4 (D) 12 409 –22.3 4 (D) (D)

Oregon -------------------------------------------------------------- 19 680 85 17 836 22 1 844 25 371 –22.4 18 20 6 Pennsylvania--------------------------------------------------------- 80 783 (S) 76 166 38 4 617 67 255 20.1 8 8 4 Rhode Island--------------------------------------------------------- 6 562 (S) 6 067 *13 495 7 008 –6.4 19 20 24

South Carolina 22 ------------------------------------------------------- 329 88 17 928 44 4 401 29 437 –24.1 11 13 7 South Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- 3 005 *6 2 624 5 382 (D) (D) 21 24 2 Tennessee----------------------------------------------------------- 28 591 92 27 076 28 1 515 36 367 –21.4 9 9 10 Texas --------------------------------------------------------------- 130 283 308 126 503 20 3 779 121 361 7.4 7 7 18 Utah ---------------------------------------------------------------- 19 040 (S) 19 040 – – 12 709 49.8 9 9 –

Vermont ------------------------------------------------------------- 1 186 8 (D) 6 (D) (D) (D) 10 (D) (D)

Virginia -------------------------------------------------------------- 64 727 194 54 798 47 9 929 86 332 –25.0 7 8 5 Washington ---------------------------------------------------------- 54 169 162 52 219 29 1 950 37 699 43.7 11 11 9 West Virginia--------------------------------------------------------- 2 192 7 1 561 9 631 3 924 –44.1 16 21 18 Wisconsin ----------------------------------------------------------- 29 587 88 28 448 12 1 139 21 133 40.0 9 9 21 Wyoming ------------------------------------------------------------ 2 630 *17 1 279 *19 *1 351 995 164.3 32 7 61

15–12nnTERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
TIPS UPF [MCD_CMCB,J_EVANS] 9/ 25/ 95 12:01:19 EPCV20 TLP:J_EV_INDTAB.TLP;46 9/ 25/ 95 11:59:59 DATA:J_EV_T1.DAT;36 9/ 25/ 95 11:59:25 UPF:CON_CENPROD:[CEN.DATA]J_EV_T PAGE: 10

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Table 11. Dollar Value of Business Done for Establishments With Payroll by

Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Based on their primary business activity or combination of activities, establishments were classified into this specific industry.

These establishments, however, may also be engaged in other kinds of business activities. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see

appendixes]

Primary and other kind of business activities

Dollar value of business done Relative standard error of estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

All kinds of business 2 ------------------------------------- 481 847 2 315 715 2 2

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS

Carpet laying or removal contractor 19 --------------------------------- 184 (NA) 7 (NA)

Linoleum, asphalt resilient or vinyl tile installation contractor 24 ----------- 127 9 629 7 13

Marble contractor, exterior 46 ----------------------------------------- 401 41 558 7 6

Marble contractor, interior 469 ------------------------------------------ 056 280 967 5 4

Special cases----------------------------------------------------- 38 799 (NA) 17 (NA)

Stonework contractor ---------------------------------------------- 21 125 11 054 3 6

Terrazzo contractor------------------------------------------------ 148 510 123 781 5 5

Tile setting contractor --------------------------------------------- 1 608 440 1 685 847 2 2

Other construction activities 48 ---------------------------------------- 354 84 986 8 (NA)

OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Retail trade------------------------------------------------------- 20 764 23 541 13 7 Other business activities ------------------------------------------- 21 774 18 462 4 (NA)

Kind of business activity, n.s.k. 15 ------------------------------------- 313 35 890 19 12

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORKnn15–13
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Table 12. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

1992 1987

Relative

standard error

of estimate

(percent)

for 1992

AVERAGE PER ESTABLISHMENT

Number of employees**---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.2 6.8 1 Number of construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4.1 5.5 1 Number of all other employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.1 1.3 2 Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 119.2 144.2 1 Payroll, construction workers------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 87.4 108.9 1 Payroll, other employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 31.8 35.3 2

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 381.9 455.0 1 Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 375.2 446.4 1 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels do ----------------------------------------------------- -- 155.1 178.5 2 Construction work subcontracted to others do ------------------------------------------------------------ -- 17.9 17.6 6 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings do --------------------------------------------------- -- 4.7 4.1 4 Capital expenditures, other than land ----------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 4.2 7.4 7 Gross book value of depreciable assets do -------------------------------------------------------------- -- 43.7 39.5 4

AVERAGE PER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 22.8 21.3 1

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 73.0 67.3 1

Value added†† ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 39.9 38.3 1

AVERAGE PER CONSTRUCTION WORKER

Payroll, construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 21.1 19.9 1

Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 90.5 81.4 1

AVERAGE PER OTHER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, other employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------ $1,000-- 29.2 27.6 1

AVERAGE PER DOLLAR VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK

Payroll, all employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .318 .323 1

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels---------------------------------------------------------- .413 .400 1

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others ------------------------------------------------------ .048 .039 6

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others ---------------------------------------------------- .783 .580 2

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings -------------------------------------------------------- .012 .009 4

15–14nnTERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 13. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Average per dollar value of construction work

Average

number of

employees**

per establishment

Payroll

per

employee

($1,000)

Value of

construction

work per

construction

worker

($1,000)

Payroll,

all employees

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies,

and fuels

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

Value of

construction

work subcontracted

in from others

Rental

cost for

machinery,

equipment,

and

buildings

United States 5.2 -------------------------------- 22.8 90.5 .318 .413 .048 .783 .012

Alabama 6.4 ---------------------------------------------- 17.5 65.4 .330 .439 .008 .792 .006

Alaska 2.5 ----------------------------------------------- 31.6 119.6 .360 (D) (D) .949 .004

Arizona 4.5 ----------------------------------------------- 16.3 64.1 .312 .383 *.061 (S) .018

Arkansas 4.6 --------------------------------------------- 14.5 110.9 .182 .527 *.140 *.389 *.006

California 5.5 --------------------------------------------- 23.9 90.6 .328 .397 .030 .918 .015

Colorado 5.5 --------------------------------------------- 24.5 110.9 .279 .491 *.088 .530 .007

Connecticut 2.9 ------------------------------------------- 26.9 118.8 .279 .398 .014 .909 .013

Delaware 2.7 --------------------------------------------- 27.8 93.9 .368 .404 *.021 .672 .010

District of Columbia (D) ------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida 4.0 ----------------------------------------------- 16.4 69.5 .294 .450 .061 .648 .010

Georgia 6.2 ---------------------------------------------- 19.7 89.9 .271 (D) *.081 .590 .008

Hawaii 8.6 ------------------------------------------------ 32.7 126.9 .313 .359 *.035 .858 .005

Idaho 3.3 ------------------------------------------------ 14.8 67.6 .242 .464 .032 (S) .013

Illinois 7.3 ------------------------------------------------ 29.0 113.0 .335 .391 .064 .698 .014

Indiana 9.5 ----------------------------------------------- 21.6 72.1 .359 .415 .036 .807 .007

Iowa 4.0 ------------------------------------------------- 22.3 106.0 .249 .358 .120 .560 .003

Kansas 6.5 ----------------------------------------------- 23.2 81.8 .323 .407 .007 .306 *.002

Kentucky 4.5 --------------------------------------------- 23.7 92.6 .314 .402 .017 .828 .007

Louisiana 6.8 --------------------------------------------- 16.6 68.0 .314 .469 .056 .614 .006

Maine (D) ------------------------------------------------ (D) 57.5 .272 .483 – (D) –

Maryland 5.8 --------------------------------------------- 26.9 84.0 .409 .393 .018 .726 .023

Massachusetts 3.9 ---------------------------------------- 27.6 89.7 .389 .454 .039 .531 .010

Michigan 4.5 ---------------------------------------------- 24.8 95.6 .330 .426 .038 .600 .007

Minnesota 6.4 -------------------------------------------- 26.7 113.7 .322 .450 .041 .765 *.006

Mississippi 4.8 -------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Missouri 6.3 ---------------------------------------------- 24.2 93.4 .323 .388 .033 .741 *.011

Montana 2.2 ---------------------------------------------- 13.1 83.5 .190 .439 (S) .924 .003

Nebraska 5.3 --------------------------------------------- 20.2 105.4 .265 .487 *.015 (S) .021

Nevada 9.8 ----------------------------------------------- 25.6 86.4 .357 .431 *.063 .875 .012

New Hampshire 2.9 --------------------------------------- 18.1 104.2 .225 .433 .058 .903 (S)

New Jersey 3.8 ------------------------------------------- 29.4 123.2 .295 .338 (S) .785 .018

New Mexico 3.0 ------------------------------------------ 14.6 (S) .235 .453 .022 .964 .008

New York 5.4 --------------------------------------------- 28.3 122.0 .320 .375 .055 .697 .015

North Carolina 4.5 ---------------------------------------- 21.0 92.3 .293 .405 .103 .888 .013

North Dakota (D) ----------------------------------------- (D) 81.6 (D) (D) (D) .959 (D)

Ohio 5.2 ------------------------------------------------- 23.4 90.2 .317 .421 .027 .662 .008

Oklahoma 5.1 -------------------------------------------- 20.0 85.6 .310 (D) .020 .756 .004

Oregon 3.0 ----------------------------------------------- 20.3 88.4 .283 .438 *.011 .936 *.031 Pennsylvania 5.5 ------------------------------------------ 31.7 115.7 .353 .401 .028 .729 .010 Rhode Island 2.2 ------------------------------------------ 17.2 92.0 .225 .436 (S) .399 .005

South Carolina 4.2 ---------------------------------------- 16.9 60.7 .326 .406 .032 .740 .014 South Dakota 11.3 ----------------------------------------- 14.8 57.8 .348 .263 .064 .900 .029 Tennessee 5.9 -------------------------------------------- 16.4 71.6 .309 .497 (S) .914 .017 Texas 6.2 ------------------------------------------------ 19.1 82.9 .284 .434 .074 .881 .011 Utah 6.2 ------------------------------------------------- 17.9 64.9 .351 .422 .017 .782 .012

Vermont (D) ---------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Virginia 5.8 ----------------------------------------------- 18.1 74.7 .308 .457 .037 .769 .017 Washington 4.7 ------------------------------------------- 23.9 95.4 .323 .476 .035 .684 .010 West Virginia 5.3 ------------------------------------------ 14.3 57.9 .326 (D) .035 .084 *.037 Wisconsin 5.7 -------------------------------------------- 23.9 89.6 .345 .425 (S) .920 .008

Wyoming 1.7 --------------------------------------------- 17.3 83.9 .273 .416 *.022 .954 .017

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES TERRAZZO, TILE, MARBLE, AND MOSAIC WORKnn15–15
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Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

Construction. Is composed of three broad categories:

1. New construction. Includes the complete, original

building of structures and essential service facilities

and the initial installation of integral equipment such as

elevators and plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning

supplies and equipment.

2. Additions, alterations, or reconstruction. Includes

construction work which adds to the value or useful life

of an existing building or structure, or which adapts a

building or structure to a new or different use. Included

are ‘‘major replacements’’ of building systems such as

the installation of a new roof or heating system and the

resurfacing of streets or highways. This contrasts to

the repair of a hole in a roof or the routine patching of

highways and streets, which would be classified as

maintenance and repair.

3. Maintenance and repair. Includes incidental construction work which keeps a property in ordinary working

condition. Excluded are trash and snow removal, lawn

maintenance and landscaping, and cleaning and janitorial services.

Number of establishments in business during year.

Includes all establishments that were in business at any

time during the year. It covers all full-year and part-year

operations. Construction establishments which were inactive or idle for the entire year were not included.

Proprietors and working partners. These data were not

collected on the census report forms. The data shown are

based on crediting each sole proprietorship establishment

with one active proprietor and each partnership establishment with two working partners.

All employees. Comprises all full-time and part-time employees on the payrolls of construction establishments who

worked or received pay for any part of the pay period

including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays,

and paid vacations during these pay periods. Officers of

corporations are included, but proprietors and partners of

unincorporated firms are not.

All employees is the sum of all employees during the

pay periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and

November, divided by 4.

Construction workers. Includes all workers up through

the working supervisor level directly engaged in construction operations, such as painters, carpenters, plumbers,

and electricians. Included are journeymen, mechanics,

apprentices, laborers, truck drivers and helpers, equipment

operators, and on-site record keepers and security guards.

Supervisory employees above the working foreman level

are excluded from this category but are included in the

‘‘other employees’’ category.

Other employees. Includes employees in executive,

purchasing, accounting, personnel, professional, and

technical activities, as well as routine office functions.

Also included are supervisory employees above the

working foreman level.

Payroll. Includes the gross earnings paid in the calendar

year 1992 to all employees on the payroll of construction

establishments. It includes all forms of compensation such

as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses,

vacation and sick leave pay, prior to such deductions as

employees’ Social Security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of these establishments, if a

corporation, but excludes payments to the proprietor or

partners, if unincorporated.

Fringe benefits. Represents expenditures made by the

employer during 1992 for legally required and voluntary

fringe benefit programs for employees.

Legally required contributions. Includes Social Security contributions, unemployment compensation, worker’s

compensation, and State temporary disability payments.

Voluntary payments. Includes life insurance premiums, pension plans, insurance premiums on hospital

and medical plans, welfare plans, and union negotiated benefits.

Dollar value of business done comprises the following

detail:

Value of construction work done. Includes all

value of construction work done during 1992 for

construction work performed by general contractors

and special trades contractors. Included is new construction, additions and alterations or reconstruction,

and maintenance and repair construction work. Also

included is the value of any construction work done

by the reporting establishments for themselves.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX A A–1
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Speculative builders were instructed to include the

value of buildings and other structures built or being

built for sale in 1992 but not sold. They were to

include the costs of such construction plus normal

profit. Also included is the cost of construction work

done on buildings for rent or lease.

Establishments engaged in the sale and installation

of such construction components as plumbing, heating, and central air-conditioning supplies and equipment; lumber and building materials; paint, glass, and

wallpaper; and electrical and wiring supplies, elevators or escalators were instructed to include both the

value for the installation and the receipts covering the

price of the items installed.

Excluded was the cost of industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment which are not an

integral part of a structure.

Other business receipts. Includes business receipts

not reported as value of construction work done. The

item includes business receipts from retail and wholesale trade, rental of equipment, manufacturing, transportation, legal service, insurance, finance, rental of

property and other real estate operations, and other

nonconstruction activities. Receipts for separately

definable architectural and engineering work for others are also included here.

Excluded was the value of construction work done and

receipts from other business operations in foreign countries and non-operating income such as interest and

dividends.

Net value of construction work. Derived for each establishment by subtracting the costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others from the value of construction

work done. (For a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in

Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Value added. Derived for each establishment, value

added is equal to dollar value of business done, less costs

for construction work subcontracted out to others, and

costs for materials, components, supplies, and fuels. (For

a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Selected costs. Represents the costs for materials,

components, and supplies; costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others; and costs for selected power,

fuels, and lubricants. Capital expenditures and rental costs

for machinery, equipment, and structures are shown elsewhere.

Costs for materials, components, and supplies include:

• total costs to reporting establishments during 1992 for

the purchase of all materials, components, and supplies,

except fuels. (Supplies include expendable tools which

are charged to current accounts.)

• freight and other direct charges representing only amount

paid after discounts, and the value of materials, components, and supplies obtained from other establishments

of the respondent’s company.

• costs for materials, components, and supplies used by

the reporting establishments in the construction or reconstruction of buildings/ structures for themselves which

are chargeable to their fixed assets accounts, as well as

costs for materials bought and resold to others.

• costs made for direct purchases of materials, components, and supplies even though the purchases were

subsequently provided to subcontractors for their use.

Excluded from this item are:

• industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment such as printing presses and computer systems,

which are not an integral part of a structure.

• materials furnished to contractors by the owners of

projects.

Costs for construction work subcontracted out to others

include:

• all costs during 1992 for construction work subcontracted out to other construction contractors.

Excluded from this item are:

• the costs to the reporting establishment for its purchases of materials, components, and supplies provided

to a subcontractor for use. Such costs are reported

under, ‘‘costs for materials, components, and supplies.’’

• costs for the rental of machinery or equipment.

Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants include:

• costs for fuels, lubricants, and electric energy purchased

during the year from other companies or received from

other establishments of the company.

• costs for natural and manufactured gas, fuel oil, coal,

and coke products.

Rental costs for machinery, equipment, and buildings.

Includes all costs during 1992 for renting or leasing

construction machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, production equipment, office equipment, furniture

and fixtures, scaffolding, office space, and buildings. It

excludes costs for the rental of land. It also excludes costs

under agreements which, in effect, are conditional sales

contracts such as capital leases. Such costs are included

in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Selected purchased services. Includes all costs during

1992 for communication services purchased from other

companies or from other establishments of the company. It

also includes the cost of all repairs made to structures and

equipment by outside companies or from other establishments of the same company. It includes only the cost of

A–2 APPENDIX A CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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repair necessary to maintain property and equipment. It

excludes the cost of improvements that increase the value

of property or the cost of adapting it for another use. Such

costs are included in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Assets and depreciation. Refers to the original cost of all

fixed tangible assets such as buildings and other structures (offices and shops); stationary machinery (generators and shop equipment); mobile machinery (tractors and

trucks); and other equipment (office furniture and fixtures).

Not included are such items as current assets, depletable

assets, intangible assets, and nondepreciable assets.

Data on assets and depreciation were collected separately for: (1) buildings and other structures, additions, and

related facilities; and (2) machinery and equipment.

Respondents were also asked to report capitalized

expenditures, depreciation charges, and the gross value

of assets sold, retired, scrapped, and destroyed during

1992.

Capital expenditures. Refers to all costs actually incurred

during 1992 which were or would be chargeable to the

fixed assets accounts of the reporting establishments and

which were of the type for which depreciation accounts are

ordinarily maintained. These expenditures cover the acquisition, the construction, and the major alteration of the

reporting establishment’s own buildings and other structures, whether purchased, constructed under contract, or

constructed by the reporting establishment’s own forces;

and the acquisition of machinery and equipment.

If leasing arrangements met the criteria set down by the

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) for a capital

lease, respondents were instructed to report the original

cost or market value of that equipment or building as a

fixed asset and capital expenditure if acquired during 1992.

If capital expenditures were not recorded directly at the

establishment level but handled centrally at the company

or division level, respondents were requested to report

appropriate estimates for the individual establishments.

Inventories. Includes all of the materials and supplies

that are owned regardless of where they are held. Excludes

materials which are owned by others, but held by the

reporting establishment.

Builders who built on their own account for sale were

requested to exclude work in progress and finished units

not sold from inventories.

Inventories of multiestablishment companies were instructed to be reported by the establishment that is

responsible for the inventories even if these inventories

were held at a separate location.

Ownership of construction projects. Shows the distribution of the value of construction work done by ownership

of the project; that is, Government owned or privately

owned. This classification relates to the ownership of the

projects or work undertaken during the construction phase.

Government owned projects are shown separately for

Federal and State and local governments.

Value of construction work subcontracted in from

others. Includes the value of construction work during

1992 for work done by reporting establishments as subcontractors. Establishments were asked to report the

approximate percent of total value of construction work

accounted for by such work, and the percentages reported

were applied to the reported value of construction work to

develop a value for this item.

Types of construction. Provides data by the types of

buildings, structures, or other facilities being constructed

or worked on by construction establishments in 1992.

Respondents were instructed that each building, structure,

or other facility should be classified in terms of its function.

For example, a restaurant building was to be classified in

the restaurant category whether it was designed as a

commercial restaurant building or an auxiliary unit of an

educational institution. If respondents worked on more

than one type of building or structure in a multibuilding

complex, they were instructed to report separately for each

building or type of structure. If they worked on a building

that had more than one purpose; i.e, office and residential,

or commercial, they were to classify the building by major

purpose.

In addition, all respondents were requested to report the

percentage of the value of construction work done for new

construction, additions, alterations, or reconstruction, and

maintenance and repair work for each of these types. See

the definition of ‘‘Construction’’ for the meanings of these

terms.

Building construction:

• Single-family houses, detached. Includes all residential buildings constructed for one family use.

• Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses

and townhouse-type condominiums. Includes all residential buildings with two or more living quarters side by

side, completely independent of one another, and separated by an unbroken party or lot line wall from ground to

roof.

• Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type condominiums, and cooperatives. Includes high-rise, low-rise, or any structures

containing two or more housing units other than attached

single-family houses.

• Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins. Includes hotels,

motels, bed and breakfast inns, and tourist cabins

intended for transient accommodations. Also included

are hotel and motel conference centers.

• Other residential buildings. Includes dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, and other nonhousekeeping

residential structures.

• Office buildings. Includes all buildings which are used

primarily for office space or for government administrative offices. Also included are banks or financial buildings which are three stories or more. Medical office

buildings are reported under hospitals and institutional

buildings.

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• Other commercial buildings, such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service stations. Includes all

buildings which are intended for use primarily in the retail

and service trades. For example, shopping centers,

department stores, drug stores, restaurants, public garages,

auto service stations, and one or two story bank or

financial institutions.

• Industrial buildings. Includes all industrial buildings

and plants which are used to house production and

assembly activities. Note that industrial parks should be

classified under its primary usage such as warehouses,

office space, commercial or industrial type buildings.

Heavy industrial facilities such as blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, and chemical complexes are not included

in this category but are reported under nonbuilding

construction.

• Warehouses. Includes commercial warehouses, cold

storage plants, grain elevators, mini-warehouses, and

other such storage buildings.

• Religious buildings. Includes all buildings which are

intended for religious services or functions such as

churches, synagogues, convents, monasteries, and seminaries.

• Educational buildings. Includes all buildings which are

used directly in administrative and instructional activities

such as colleges, universities, elementary and secondary schools, correspondence, commercial, and trade

schools. Libraries, museums, and art galleries, as well as

laboratories which are not a part of a manufacturing or

commercial establishment, are also included.

• Hospitals and institutional buildings. Includes medical office buildings and all other buildings which are

intended to provide hospital and institutional care such

as clinics, infirmaries, sanitariums, nursing homes, homes

for the aged, and orphanages.

• Farm buildings, nonresidential. Includes nonresidential farm buildings such as barns, poultry houses, implement sheds, and farm silos.

• Amusement, social, and recreational buildings. Includes buildings which are used primarily for entertainment, social, and recreational activities such as sports

arenas, convention centers, theaters, music halls, golf

and country club buildings, skating rinks, fitness centers,

bowling alleys, and indoor swimming pools.

• Other nonresidential buildings. Includes nonresidential buildings which are not classified elsewhere such as

fire stations, post offices, bus and air passenger terminals and hangars, and prisons.

Nonbuilding construction:

• Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guardrails, highway signs, and lighting. Includes streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, culverts, right-of-way drainage, erosion control, and

lighting. Also includes earthwork protective structures

when used in connection with road improvements.

• Outdoor swimming pools. Includes wading pools and

reflecting pools.

• Airport runways and related work. Includes runways,

taxiways, aprons, and related work.

• Private driveways and parking areas. Includes all

nonstructural parking areas and private driveways of all

surface types.

• Fencing. Includes all types of fencing.

• Recreationalfacilities. Includes athletic fields,golf courses,

outdoor tennis courts, trails, and camps.

• Tunnels. Includes highway, pedestrian, railroad, and

water distribution tunnels.

• Bridges and elevated highways. Includes viaducts

and overpasses, roads, highways, railroads, and causeways built on structural supports.

• Dam and reservoir construction. Includes hydroelectric, water supply, and flood control dams and reservoirs.

• Marine construction. Includes dredging, underwater

rock removal, breakwaters, navigational channels, and

locks.

• Harbor and port facilities. Includes docks, piers, and

wharves.

• Conservation and development construction. Includes

land reclamation, irrigation projects, drainage canals,

levees, jetties, breakwaters, and flood control projects.

• Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities. Includes electric power lines,

telephone and telegraph lines, fiber optic cables, cable

television lines, television and radio towers, and electric

light and power facilities.

• Sewers, sewerlines, septic tanks, and related facilities. Includes sanitary and storm sewers, pumping stations, septic systems, and related facilities.

• Water mains and related facilities. Includes water

supply systems, pumping stations, and related facilities.

• Pipeline construction other than sewer or

waterlines. Includes pipelines for the transmission of

gas, petroleum products, and liquefied gases.

• Urban mass transit. Includes subways, trollies, street

cars, and light rail systems.

• Railroad construction. Includes the construction of

railroad beds, tracks, freight yards, and signal towers for

systems other than urban mass transit.

• Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. Includes coke ovens and mining appurtenances such as tipples and washeries.

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• Power plants, nuclear. Includes atomic energy plants

and nuclear reactors.

• Power plants, and cogeneration plants, except nuclear. Includes electric and steam generating plants and

cogenerating plants.

• Sewage treatment plants. Includes sewage treatment

and waste disposal plants.

• Water treatment plants. Includes water filtration and

water softening plants.

• Ships. Includes special trade contractors working on

ships and boats such as painters, carpenters, joiners,

electricians, etc.

• Other nonbuilding construction. Includes all types of

nonbuilding construction not included elsewhere.

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Appendix B.

Standard Industrial Classification Titles for

Industry Groups and Industries

SIC

code Industry titles

15 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—GENERAL

CONTRACTORS AND OPERATIVE

BUILDERS

152 General Building Contractors—Residential

Buildings

1521 General Contractors—Single-Family Houses

1522 General Contractors—Residential Buildings,

Other Than Single-Family

153 Operative Builders

1531 Operative Builders

154 General Building Contractors—Nonresidential

Buildings

1541 General Contractors—Industrial Buildings and

Warehouses

1542 General Contractors—Nonresidential Buildings,

Other Than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses

16 HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—

CONTRACTORS

161 Highway and Street Construction, Except

Elevated Highways

1611 Highway and Street Construction Contractors,

Except Elevated Highways

162 Heavy Construction, Except Highway and

Street Construction

1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway

Construction Contractors

1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications

and Power Line Construction Contractors

1629 Heavy Construction Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS

171 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

1711 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

172 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

1721 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

SIC

code Industry titles

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS—Con.

173 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

1731 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

174 Masonry, Stone Work, Tile Setting, and

Plastering Special Trade Contractors

1741 Masonry, Stone Setting, and Other Stone

Work Special Trade Contractors

1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical, and Insulation

Work Special Trade Contractors

1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

175 Carpentry and Floor Work Special Trade

Contractors

1751 Carpentry Work Special Trade Contractors

1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work Special

Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

176 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

177 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

1771 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

178 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

1781 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

179 Miscellaneous Special Trade Contractors

1791 Structural Steel Erection Special Trade

Contractors

1793 Glass and Glazing Work Special Trade

Contractors

1794 Excavation Work Special Trade Contractors

1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work Special

Trade Contractors

1796 Installation or Erection of Building Equipment,

Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

1799 Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

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Appendix C.

Geographic Divisions and States

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut

Maine

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey

New York

Pennsylvania

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois

Indiana

Michigan

Ohio

Wisconsin

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa

Kansas

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

North Dakota

South Dakota

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Maryland

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES—Con.

North Carolina

South Carolina

Virginia

West Virginia

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama

Kentucky

Mississippi

Tennessee

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Texas

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona

Colorado

Idaho

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Wyoming

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

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1992 CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES

The Census of Construction Industries is taken once

every 5 years. The census covers all establishments

engaged in construction, including:

• Building contractors

• Heavy construction contractors

• Special trade contractors (including plumbers, carpenters, painters, electricians)

Data products in the census of construction industries are

issued in four publication series and in three media:

Printed reports [P]

CD-ROM [C]

Highlights online [+ ]

Preliminary Industry Series

(CC92-I-1(P) to -27(P))

(Available July 1994 through January 1995) [P] [C]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing national statistics for establishments with payroll. Statistics shown for 1992 include:

• Number of establishments

• Number of employees

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done, by type of structure

• Selected operating costs

Final Industry Series

(CC92-I-1 to -27)

(Available April 1995 through August 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing statistics for the Nation and individual States on establishments with payroll. These reports

update figures from the preliminary industry series (employment, payroll, value of construction, etc.) and provide

measures of the following:

• Capital expenditures

• Inventories

• Industry profiles

• Assets

• Depreciation

• And much more

Geographic Area Series

(CC92-A-1 to -10)

(Available August 1995 through December 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Nine reports on the construction industries, representing each census geographic division, and a U.S. summary

report. Regional reports provide detailed data for States

and metropolitan areas.

Subject Report—Legal Form of Organization

and Type of Operation (CC92-S-1)

(Available August 1995) [P] [C]

One report providing selected national statistics for

each industry by legal form of organization and type of

operation. This report includes data for establishments

with and without payroll. Data in this report include—

• Employment

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done

• Selected operating costs

OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUS REPORTS

The census of construction industries is part of the 1992

Economic Census. The economic census is conducted at

5-year intervals in years ending in 2 and 7 and consists of

eight separate censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

...plus several related programs: enterprise statistics; information on minority-owned and women-owned businesses;

and the census of outlying areas, including separate

economic census of Puerto Rico and other outlying areas.

The census of agriculture and census of governments are

conducted separately.

HOW TO ORDER DATA PRODUCTS

Order forms for the specific reports and other data

products may be obtained from Data User Services Division, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300. If you have any questions, call

Census Customer Services 1-301-457-4100.

Publication Program