# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

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No. 1 7- 29 71

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Pla in ti

ff - App el le e

v.

Ji m R. Harri s

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Defe nd

an t - Ap pe ll an t

__ __ __ __ __ __ App eal fro m

Uni te d S ta te s Di st ric t Co ur t fo r th e Eas te rn Dis tri ct of M is so ur i - C ap e Gir ard eau

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Su bm it te d: Sep te m

be r 28 , 20 18 Fi le d: Octo be r 5, 2 01 8 [Un pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __ Befo re KELLY, E RICKS ON, and GRASZ, Cir cu it Ju dg es

.

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PER CURI AM.

Ji m Harri s pl ead ed gu il t y t o H o b bs Act ro bb ery an d two fir earm s ch arg es in
20 11 , in it ia ll y rece iv ed a se nt en ce enh an ced un de r th e Arm ed Care er Crim in al Act,

an d was la te r gr an te d 28 U.S.C. § 22 55 rel ie f an d res en t e n c e d ba se d on Jo hn so n v.U n i t e d St at es , 13 5 S. Ct

. 25 51 (2 01 5)

. Pro ceed in g pr o se , he ap pe al s th e ne w

se nt en ce i m

po se d b y th e d is tri ct co ur t. W e aff irm. 1

Harri s ch al le ng es th e di st ric t co ur t’s de ci si on to im po se hi s fed eral se nt en ce

c o n se cu ti ve ly to an un di sc ha rg ed st at e se nt en ce he is se rv in g fo r as sa ul t. Ev e n

as su m in g th e di st ric t co ur t ha d au th or it y at res en te nc in g to im po se a co nc ur ren t

se nt en ce, bu t s e e 1 8 U.S.C. § 92 4( c)(1 )(D) (n o pr is on te rm im po se d fo r, in te r al ia
, po ss es si on of fir earm in fu rth eran ce of cri m e of vi ol en ce sh al l ru n co nc ur ren tl y wit h

an y ot he r te rm of im

pr is on m en t); Uni te d St at es v. Gon zal es , 52 0 U.S. 1, 5, 11 (1 99 7)
,
we reject th is ch al le ng e. The Gui de li ne s p r o v i d e d th at th e di st ric t co ur t ha d di sc ret io n to im

po se a co ns ecu ti ve se nt en ce be cau se th e as sa u l t was no t rel ev an t

co nd uc t to Harri s’s fed eral of fen se s, gi ve n th at he co m

m it te d th e as sa ul t th ree week s la te r at a d i f

fere nt lo cat io n. See U.S.S.G. § 5G1 .3(b )(2 ) (if de fen da nt is su bjec t to

un di sc ha rg ed pr is on te rm th at res ul te d fro m an ot he r of fen se th at is rel ev an t co nd uc t
to in st an t of

fen se , se nt en ce fo r in st an t of fen se sh al l ru n co nc ur ren tl y to rem ai nd er of

un di sc ha rg ed pr is on te rm ), (d ) (if
, in te r al ia
, § 5G1 .3(b )(2 ) do es no t ap pl y , co ur t m ay

ru n se nt en ce fo r in st an t of fen se co nc ur ren tl y , pa rti al ly co nc ur ren tl y , or co ns ecu ti ve ly

to rem ai nd er of un di sc ha rg ed pr is on te rm ); Uni te d St at es v. Hern an de z, 71 2 F.3 d 40 7, 40 9 (8 th Ci r. 20 13 ) (d is cu ss in g fact or s co ns id ered in de te rm in in g whe th er of fen se is rel ev an t co nd uc t). The di st ric t co ur t’s de ci si on to or de r th at Harri s se rv e hi s fed eral

se nt en ce co ns ecu ti ve ly wit h hi s st at e se nt en ce was no t un reas on ab le , as t he di st ric t

co ur t co ns id ered th e 18 U.S.C. § 35 53 (a) fact or s, sp eci fic al ly di sc us si ng th e

se rio us ne ss of Harri s’s cri m es , cri m in al hi st or y , an d eff o r t s a t reh ab il it at io n. See Uni te d St at es v. Ben so n, 88 8 F.3 d 10 17
, 10 19 (8 th Ci r. 20 18 ) ( st an da rd of rev ie w; whe n de ci di ng whe th er to im po se se nt en ce co nc ur ren tl y or co ns ecu ti ve ly, di st ric t

co ur t m us t co ns id er § 35 53 (a) fa ct or s)

.

The Hon or ab le St ep he n N. Lim ba ug h, Jr
., Uni te d St at es Dis tri ct Ju dg e fo r th e 1 East ern Dis tri ct of M is so ur i.

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-Harri s al so ch al le ng es th e di st ric t co ur t’s as se ss m en t of two cri m in al hi st or y

po in ts un de r U.S.S.G. § 4A1 .1(d ). W e co nc lu de th e di st ric t co ur t di d no t pl ai nl y err in ad di ng th es e cri m in al hi st or y po in ts , be cau se Harri s di d no t ob ject to th e

res en te nc in g rep or t, whi ch refl ect ed th at he was on pa ro le whe n h e c o mm i t te d th e in st an t of fen se s, an d th e p o i n t s d i d no t affe ct hi s Gui de li ne s ran ge

. See Mo li na

Mar ti ne z v. Uni te d St at es , 13 6 S. Ct

. 13 38
, 13 43 (2 01 6) (u nd er pl ai n- erro r rev ie w, de fen da nt m

us t sh ow, in te r al ia
, th at al le ge d erro r affe ct ed hi s su b s ta nt ia l rig ht s, whi ch or di na ril y m ean s “ a reas on ab le pr ob ab il it y th at , bu t fo r th e erro r, th e ou tc om e of th e p ro ceed in g wo ul d h av e b een di ffer en t” ).

In hi s rem ai ni ng arg um en ts , Harri s co nt en ds th at th e di st ric t co ur t br each ed hi s pl ea ag reem en t in th e as sa ul t cas e th at pr ov id ed he wou ld se rv e hi s st at e an d fed eral

se nt en ces co nc ur ren tl y , su gg es ts th at th e go ve rn m en t vi ol at ed hi s du e pr oc es s rig ht s in pr oc eed in g s p r io r to hi s gu il ty pl ea, an d cl ai m s th at he rece iv ed in effe ct iv e

as si st an ce of co un se l. W e reject th e cl ai m ba se d on Harri s’s pl ea ag reem en t in th e
st at e cas e, as th e di st ric t co ur t was no t bo un d by th e ag reem en t. See Uni te d St at es v. Sack in ge r, 70 4 F.2 d 29
, 32 (2 d Ci r. 19 83 ) (ab se nt pa rti ci pa ti on of fed eral au th or it ie s in st at e pl ea ba rg ai n, fed eral co ur t is no t bo un d by te rm s of pl ea ag reem en t be twee n de fen da nt an d st at e au th or it ie s)

. W e co nc lu de th at th e go ve rn m en t-misco nd uc t cl ai m do es no t warra nt rel ie f. Cf. Uni te d St at es v. Bo y ce, 56 4 F.3 d 91 1, 91 8 (8 th Ci r. 20 09 ) (d is cu ss in g req ui rem en ts fo r du e pr oc es s cl ai m ba se d on go ve rn m en t m is co nd uc t at

res en te nc in g)

. Fi na ll y , we de cl in e to co ns id er th e in effe ct iv e-as si st an ce-o f-co un se l cl ai m in th is di rect ap pe al

. See Uni te d St at es v. So ria no -Hern an de z, 31 0 F.3 d 10 99
, 11 05 (8 th Ci r. 20 02 ) (in effe ct iv e as si st an ce of co un se l is ge ne ral ly no t ba si s fo r di rect
ap pe al an d i ns te ad sh ou ld be pro pe rly rais ed in § 2 25 5 a ct io n)

.

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