# Patent

## Title
Encasement for preventing bed bug escapement via a zipper opening

## Abstract

The present technology provides an encasement comprising a fabric cover formed of bed bug impervious fabric. The encasement comprises an opening with a zipper mechanism disposed therein and operable to close the opening. The encasement also comprises a barrier attached to the fabric cover, extending along and opposite the zipper tracks. The encasement also comprises a channel between the barrier and said zipper tracks that receives a portion of the zipper head and becomes an enclosed channel when said zipper tracks are mated together. The channel has a confined space of a size to thwart bug movement along the channel.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application makes reference to, and claims priority to, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/252,337 (“the '337 application”), filed Oct. 4, 2011 and titled “Method Of Preventing Bed Bugs From Escaping A Mattress Encasement Via A Zipper Opening.” The '337 application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,900 (“the '900 application), filed Feb. 11, 2010 and titled “Mattress Encasement For Preventing Bed Bug Escapement Via A Zipper Opening.” The '900 application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/498,863 (“the '863 application), filed Jul. 7, 2009 and titled “Mattress Encasement For Preventing Bed Bug Escapement Via A Zipper Opening.” The '863 application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/255,913 (“the '913 application), filed Oct. 22, 2008 and titled “Mattress Encasement For Preventing Bed Bug Escapement Via A Zipper Opening.” The '913 application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/756,249 (“the '249 application”), filed May 31, 2007 and titled “Mattress Encasement For Preventing Bed Bug Escapement Via A Zipper Opening,” and which issued on Jun. 30, 2009 as U.S. Pat. No. 7,552,489 (“the '489 patent”). The '249 application and the '489 patent claim priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/895,011 (“the '011 provisional), filed Mar. 15, 2007 and titled “Mattress Encasement For Preventing Bed Bug Escapement Via A Zipper Opening”. Each of the '337 application, the '900 application, the '863 application, the '913 application, the '249 application, the '489 patent and the '011 provisional are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an apparatus and method for preventing bed bugs from escaping out of a bed mattress. More particularly, the invention relates to a zipper closure structure on a mattress encasement which, while allowing removal of the mattress from the encasement, prevents the escapement of bed bugs out of the mattress and past the encasement.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Bed bugs are a type of insect that commonly hides within bed mattresses. Such bed bugs are found in motels, hostels or boarding houses where itinerant travelers find overnight lodging. Bed bugs will feed off of the blood of humans sleeping on the mattresses that harbor these insects. Typically, a bed bug will crawl out of the mattress during the night, bite the sleeping victim, and then return to the safe confines of the mattress.
To prevent the escapement of bed bugs from the mattress, and thus contain and starve the bugs, a technique has been devised in which the mattress is surrounded with a fabric cover or encasement to seal the exit of the bugs. The encasement is slipped onto the mattress and closed via a slide fastening mechanism such as a zipper. Bugs escaping from the mattress will encounter the barrier of the fabric cover, and thus will be prevented from reaching a human sleeping on the mattress.
Problems exist, however, with the use of such protective mattress covers or encasements. For example, a user may fail to completely close the zipper on the encasement, or the zipper may become partially unzipped through movement or rustling of the mattress, as for example, when the bed is made and remade. This results in an opening at the zipper end through which bed bugs may escape. Indeed, even zippers that have been carefully and completely closed may still leave a narrow opening at the end of the zipper that is a large enough opening for a small bed bug to crawl through and escape.
Accordingly, there exists a need to prevent the escapement of bed bugs from a zipper opening in a mattress protective encasement.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a mattress encasement structure which prevents bed bug escapement from the zipper opening of the encasement.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a method of preventing bed bugs from exiting a mattress encasement at the zipper end of the encasement.
These and other objects of the invention are achieved in a mattress encasement having a zipper opening for receiving a mattress. A barrier structure is disposed at the zipper end of the encasement in order to thwart bed bug travel to any small opening which may form at the zipper end.
In addition, objects of the invention are achieved in a method for guiding bed bugs housed within a mattress relative to a zipper portion of a mattress encasement. The bugs are channeled away from the zipper end of the encasement using a barrier structure.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a mattress encasement covering a mattress.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged top view of a zipper end location of the mattress encasement of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged end view of a zipper of the encasement of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional end view of the zipper end location of FIG. 2, taken along line 4/4 in FIG. 2.
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional side view of the zipper end location of FIG. 2, taken along line 5/5 in FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged top view of the zipper end location of the mattress encasement of FIG. 1 in which the zipper is opened providing an opening to the mattress.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1, a mattress encasement 100 surrounds a conventional mattress 101. Mattress encasement 100 may be constructed from a fabric 102 of a size and shape so as to surround and engulf the entirety of mattress 101. Fabric 102 of the encasement is woven so as to be impervious to bed bugs.
An opening 103 is formed at one end 105 of the encasement. Opening 103 extends along the entire width of end 105, and extends a short distance along each of sides 107, 109 of the encasement. Opening 103 allows mattress 101 to slide into and out of encasement 100 so that the encasement may be laundered from time to time.
Opening 103 may be closed by a zipper closure 111 to seal the entire encasement opening 103. Zipper closure 111 includes a zipper head 120 and a pair of zipper tracks 121, 123. Tracks 121, 123 are disposed around opening 103 in a confronting relationship and are zipped together in a conventional fashion. Tracks 121, 123 have meshable teeth which interleave together as caused by zipper head 120 guiding the two tracks 121, 123 together.
Referring to FIG. 2, zipper head 120 is shown connected to zipper tracks 121, 123 and disposed in a position near an end location 125. End location 125 is where zipper head 120 is stopped from further movement along tracks 121, 123. The tracks are shown intermeshed behind zipper head 120, as indicated at 134, to close opening 103 (FIG. 1), and form a seal by the closed tracks that is impervious to bed bugs. Also as indicated at 136, zipper tracks 121, 123 located in front of zipper head 120 are not intermeshed, and define an unzipped portion of the mattress encasement. A small zipper opening 110 is thus formed in front of zipper head 120 in the proximity of end location 125. Opening 110 extends between end location 125 and zipper head 120.
As shown in FIG. 2, a rectangular shaped foam pad 140 is disposed beneath fabric 102, and thus, beneath the zipper closure at the proximity of end location 125. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, foam pad 140 is of a much greater thickness than fabric 102.
Foam pad 140 may be made from a flexible resilient foam material, but other materials may be used as well. For example, foam pad 140 may be a fabric material, a rubber material, or any other material which may be stitched to fabric 102. In addition, foam pad 140 may be compressible such that contact made by mattress 101 against the lower surface 141 of pad 140 causes the pad to compress between the mattress and the encasement fabric 102, forcing the top surface 143 of pad 140 into contact with fabric 102 as well as into contact with portions of the zipper structure disposed above pad 140.
As shown in FIG. 2, foam pad 140 is stitched to fabric 102 in order to secure the foam pad in place. It is readily apparent from FIGS. 2 and 4-6, that the foam pad 140 is a unitary and continuous barrier. A pair of outer rows of stitches 180, 182 are formed parallel to and along each side of the zipper tracks 121, 123. Additionally, a pair of inner rows of stitches 160, 162 may be formed parallel to and along each side of zipper tracks 121, 123. A fifth row of stitches 164 runs perpendicular to zipper tracks 121, 123 and connects all four stitch rows 160, 162, 180, 182. Row 164 traverses end location 125 of zipper tracks 121, 123. Also, two rows of stitches 181, 183 run perpendicular to zipper tracks 121, 123 and connect stitch rows 160, 180, and connect rows 162, 182, respectively. Stitch rows 181, 183 are co-linear and stop short of the zipper tracks, as shown.
Stitching is applied so as to securely attach foam pad 140 to encasement fabric 102. The stitches are sufficiently close together so as to prevent a bed bug from passing through any of the stitched rows. For example, referring to FIG. 2, a bed bug may not pass through stitched row 164, between pad 140 and fabric 102 to get to opening 110.
Stitching patterns of a rectangular shape are thus formed on each side of the zipper track, attaching foam pad 140 to encasement fabric 102. As will suggest itself, other stitching patterns may be used. For example a stitching pattern of an “X” shape, or diagonal lines may also be employed. In addition, stitching may encompass end location 125, as shown at 185. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fabric 102 may be folded at end location 125 to provide further support, or the like.
Referring to FIG. 3, zipper closure 111 is shown separate from encasement 100. Zipper head 120 includes a lower flat planar member 131 which lies below zipper tracks 121, 123. Member 131 serves as one guiding surface to guide the tracks together. The tracks are secured to respective pieces of fabric or extensions 137, 139 which provide a means for securing the tracks to the fabric 102. Fabric extensions 137, 139 are shown in FIG. 2.
Referring now to FIG. 4, flat planar member 131 of the zipper head is shown below the two zipper tracks 121, 123. The fabric extensions 137, 139 of the tracks are sewn to the casement fabric 102 at respective locations 145, 147, and then fabric 102 is folded back over itself leaving two end portions 149 of fabric 102.
As seen in FIG. 4, a space 151 is formed below the zipper tracks 121, 123, and above foam pad 140. This space 151 provides a channel along which the bottom portion 131 of zipper head 120 moves. As seen in FIG. 2, the stitching segments 160, 162 form the outer extent of the sides of channel 151. The top of channel 151 is bound by zipper tracks 121, 123 and the bottom of channel 151 is bound by foam pad 140. Even if a bed bug were to crawl along the entire length of channel 151 toward opening 110, the bug will be confronted with a barrier posed by lower portion 131 of the zipper head. To thwart the bug from crawling beneath portion 131 of the zipper head, the top surface 143 of the foam pad is forced upwardly into contact with the bottom surface 132 (FIG. 3) of portion 131 by the compression of foam pad 140 caused by the mattress snugly fitting within the encasement fabric 102.
Foam pad 140 is of a length such that when zipper 120 is at a location at or near end point 125, channel 151 is relatively long making it difficult for a bed bug to crawl through channel 151 to reach the zipper end 125.
In order to prevent bed bugs from escaping through the channel 151, it is preferred that the maximum height of the channel be small relative to the height of a crawling bed bug and yet provide a sufficient space to receive the lower portion 131 of zipper head 120. Accordingly, depending on the material of the foam pad 140 and the fabric cover 102, and the size of the zipper head 120 and zipper tracks 121, 123, the preferred distance between stitching segments 160 and 162, and the zipper tracks will vary. The size of the channel 151 may also vary depending on the size of the bed bugs intended to be prevented from escaping the mattress.
For example, the distance between stitching rows 160, 162, and respective tracks 121, 123 may be 1/16 of an inch. The distance between stitching rows 160, 162 may be 5/16 of an inch. The distance between stitching rows 164, 181 may be 21⁄2 inches. The height of lower portion 131 of the zipper may be 1/32 of an inch.
Referring to FIG. 6, as zipper head 120 moves along zipper tracks 121, 123 and away from foam pad 140, opening 110 enlarges. As shown in FIG. 1, foam pad 140 is located a distance away from end 105 so as to allow opening 110 to enlarge sufficiently to insert and/or remove mattress 101. As will suggest itself, encasement 100 may be constructed in pieces and sewn together.
Accordingly, bed bugs attempting to escape the mattress encasement are impeded from crawling through zipper opening 110 (FIG. 2) without first crawling through channel 151. When the mattress encasement 100 is properly closed around a mattress, the size of the encasement is such as to fit snugly around the mattress allowing the mattress to abut against foam pad 140. Foam pad 140 will thus be forced against the tracks 121, 123, and lower portion 131 of the zipper head. The zipper head may be pulled along the tracks and against this bias to open the encasement.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

## Claims

1. An encasement comprising:
a) a fabric cover formed of a bed bug impervious fabric, the fabric cover comprising an opening;
b) a slide fastening mechanism disposed in the opening and operable to close the opening, the slide fastening mechanism comprising a zipper head and a pair of zipper tracks having a longitudinal axis, wherein the zipper head includes a flat planar member;
c) a barrier attached to the fabric cover and disposed relative to the zipper tracks, the barrier extending for a distance along said zipper tracks; and
d) a channel between the barrier and the zipper tracks;
wherein the channel receives and encloses between the barrier and the zipper tracks and within the fabric cover at least a portion of the flat planar member located on one side of the zipper tracks and has an open end when the zipper tracks are mated together, and wherein the channel has a confined space of a size to thwart bed bug movement along the channel.

2. The encasement of claim 1, further comprising stitching attaching the barrier to the fabric cover, wherein the stitching runs relative to each side of the longitudinal axis of the zipper tracks, and wherein the stitching is formed to prevent traversal by a bed bug across the stitching.

3. The encasement of claim 2, wherein the channel is formed by the stitching, the barrier, and the zipper tracks.

4. The encasement of claim 3, wherein the stitching draws the barrier into contact with the zipper tracks.

5. The encasement of claim 4, wherein the barrier exerts a pressure on the zipper tracks when the zipper tracks are mated together, wherein the pressure is sufficient to thwart bed bug movement along the channel.

6. The encasement of claim 5, wherein the pressure is sufficient to prevent bed bug escapement from said encasement.

7. The encasement of claim 1, wherein the fabric cover is of a size for surrounding a mattress.

8. The encasement of claim 7, wherein the fabric cover, when surrounding the mattress, surrounds six sides of the mattress, and wherein the opening is formed across the entire width of one of the sides.

9. The encasement of claim 1, wherein the zipper tracks have a top surface and a bottom surface, and wherein said barrier is disposed opposite the bottom surface.

10. The encasement of claim 1, wherein the barrier comprises a compressible material.

11. The encasement of claim 10, wherein the barrier has a thickness at least five times greater than the thickness of the bed bug impervious fabric when the barrier is in an uncompressed state.

12. The encasement of claim 10, wherein the barrier comprises a foam material, a rubber material or a fabric material.

13. The encasement of claim 12, wherein the barrier is a foam pad.