Arizona

California

Colorado

Kansas

Nebraska

Nevada

New Mexico

North Daknta

Oklahoma

South Dakota

Texas

Utah

Wyoming

November 1998

as mas Clean energy from America's renewable biomass resources, including forest residue, wood and wood waste, food waste,

agricultural crops and waste, animal waste, livestock operations residue, aquatic plants and municipal waste

This publication

and others

from Western

are now available

on Line. See page for

details.

Wheat Straw

the Petrochemical Additive

of the New Millennium?

oukl wheat

straw replace

some of the

petrochemicals and fillers used iii

the production of plastics? Accord

ing to researchers at the federal

Department of Agriculture's Forest

Products Laboratory in Madison,

Wisconsin, and Pinnacle Technol

ogy in Lawrence, Kansas, the

answer is definite yes.

After several years of re

search, Donna Johnson, bio

chemical engineer and head of

Pinnacle working with Forest

Products Laboratory, has perfected

method of combining processed

wheat straw in essence, crop

waste with cither polypropylene

or polyethylene in the making of a

variety of plastic products including

downspout splash

World Plastics guards, boat scat mounts,

Production 1994 interior automotive

panels, garbage

pails, tool

mermoseis Polyethylene

ermopbstics 17%

Polyvinyl

chloride

Polystyrene 14%

Polypropylene

Source: Modem Plastics Buyers Guids 1996

Wheat Straw Basics

In 1998, there were 63.6 million acres of harvested wheat

in the United States. If 1/2 ton of wheat straw per acre was

harvested, 31.5 miliion tons could be available for use as filler

by the plastics industry and others such as ethanol producers

(see related article on page 2).

The authors of the study estimated ton of wheat straw

could be sold for S40-S60 per ton, delivered to the plant.

At the time of the survey, the plastics industry in the twostate region Missouri and Kansas used 3.5 million tons of

filler every year. If wheat straw was used to replace the filler,

farmers could reap an extra S140-S210 million from the sale

of straw that is normally left in the fields.

handles, flower pots and

more. Agro-Plastic is what

she's calling the strawfilled plastic.

As most Americans

can attest, few products

are plastic-free because of

cost-performance

advantages over competitive

materials. The three largest markets

for plastics are packaging, building

and construction materials. Plastics

arc also used in electronics, motor

vehicles, furniture, toys, leisure

goods, housewares and medical

products.

In 1994, world plastic

production was 110 million metric

tons and is expected to rise to 135

million metric tons by 2000.

Plastics are generally divided

into five major types. Nearly one of

every three pounds of plastic

produced is polyethylene. The pie

chart at left shows the breakdown of

plastics production in 1994.

Plastic Plus

Few plastic products use just

plastic. Fillers such as calcium

carbonate, mica and talc are

commonly used to reduce costs,

while increasing hardness, stiffness

and impact strength of the end

product. "Fillers such as fibrous

Continued on page
Continued from page

materials have been used in the plastics

industry for more than 90 years," Johnson

said. "In 1907, the industry used wood

flour, today they use glass and other fillers.

In 1993, the total weight of fillers used in

plastic production was 7.7 billion pounds,

just replacing very small percentage of

the fillers with wheat straw presents an

exciting opportunity." One-third to onehalf of the product can be filler according

to Johnson.

Johnson and the staff at Pinnacle

have spent years perfecting ways to

incorporate wheat straw into the produc

tion of consumer goods using machinery

commonly used by the industry. The

process used to make the wheat-strawblendcd plastic involves multi-step

process which removes water vapor. At

the end of the production line, pellets of

straw and plastic pile-up.

Pros Beat Cons

The advantages of straw over other

fillers augur well for the success of the new

product. Less material is needed to make

each item when straw filler is used.

Pinnacle's tests of Agro-Plastic indicated

that up to 20 percent more products could

be produced by adding wheat straw as

filler component. Because less material is

used, each item weighs less, which reduces

shipping costs. From manufacturing

standpoint, there is reduced wear and tear

on product molds with wheat straw filler.

Other -aspects of using wheat straw

as filler also can positively affect the

Processed

Wheat Straw

manufacturing

process. According

to Johnson, manu

facturing tempera

tures can he

reduced. "A lot of

injection molded

plastic production

requires tempera

tures in excess of

400 degrees,"

Johnson said.

"With AgroPlastics those

temperatures can

drop to below 400

degrees, cutting

manufacturing

energy costs."

Johnson said

test runs indicated

products could be

manufactured

quicker. "In our

tests, we were able to produce some

products between 10 to 25 percent faster,"

Johnson said. One manufacturer partici

pating in the test actually doubled

production in the same time period when

Agro-Plastic was used.

Price Competitive

To be successful, any competing

resource alternative must be cost competi

tive with existing resources. In the

research conducted by Pinnacle, the firm

found that a 55 cents per pound price for

Agro-Plastic with between 30 and 50

The Compounding Process

An Infinite Array of Consumer Products

from Wheat Straw

Pinnacle Technology has crafted

variety of consumer product prototypes

with the wheat straw petrochemical

pellets including business card holders,

brushes, bird feeders, down

spout splash guards and the

ultimate American consumer

good one-piece stadium

chair with cooler base

every fisherman's dream chair.

One-piece stadium seat

wild a cooler base.

percent wheat straw composition would be

cost comparable or less than the fillers

currently used by plastics manufacturers in

Kansas and Missouri.

Rural Manufacturing

Opp

If Agro-Plastic plants arc located

near the wheat fields in rural America,

they could have very beneficial impact

on the economics of towns and villages as

well as the farmers who sell the wheat

straw to the plant. In many cases, the

impacts would be similar to cthanol plants

that are usually located in rural areas near

large corn and grain sorghum production

regions.

Pinnacle estimates that each plant

could employ 15-20 people. If AgroPlastics replaced just one percent of the

Continued on page

Palletized

Feedstook

Western Biomass Quarterly November 1998
Continued from page

North American polypropy

lene market, 12 plants would

be needed. If the technology

were expanded to the

polyethylene market, an

additional 24 plants would

be needed to supply just one

percent of that segment of

the plastics industry. Cap

turing only very small part

of the plastics market could

lead to 36 plants totaling 540

to 720 employees.

Funding for the wheat

straw research came from

Western and the following

state and federal sources:

i' the Kansas Value Added

Center,

■(•' the U.S. Department of

Agriculture's Phase

and II Small Business

Innovation Research,

ft1 the Kansas Department

of Commerce and

Housing and;

i> the Kansas Technology

Enterprise Corpora

tion.

An estimated 5385,000

has been invested by these

five sources to make wheat

straw petrochemical and

filler replacement reality.

Western's contribution to the

research project funded

market assessment in 1996.

More information

about wheat straw-based

plastic can be found at

Pinnacle's web site at

www.pinuaclet.com and in

the "Agro-Plastic Market

Analysis Final Report" at

Western's web site,

www.westbio energy, org or

by calling Pinnacle at 785-

832-8866.

There's More in Straw than Just Plastics

In several months, Arkenol will break ground on an eight

million gallon year ethanol facility near Sacramento,

California. But, instead of using grains, Arkenol with use

more than 120,000 dry tons of rice straw as feedstock.

Arkeriol hopes to have the facility operational by April 2000.

The plant will be located in major ricegrowing region of California where up until

now vast quantities of rice straw were

burned, resulting in air pollution. Now,

however, new pollution regulations will

eliminate burning as option, posing

problems for farmers.

Arkenol will be using proprietary

concentrated acid-hydrolysis process to

convert the straw to ethanol and other

byproducts such as citric acid and zeolites which are

type of silicates. Hydrolysis will break down cellulose in the

rice straw into various components which then can be further

processed.

Arkenol also converts other types of biomass wood,

waste paper, sugar cane wastes and crop residues into

more useful products at several other plants in the United

States, Europe and South America.

For more information about Arkenol or the process it uses

to convert cellulose such as rice straw, contact Michael

Fatigaiti, director of project development for Arkenol, at 949-

582-7430 or fax 949-588-3927.

Arizona Waste-to-Ethanol Project

Garners $62,183

A1project to

,assess

and develop

refuse-to

ethanol plants

in Arizona was

selected by

Western to

receive more than

S62,000. The

project was one of

several alternates

for the 19 grant

winners selected in

April by Western.

The project is partnership between

the Civil and Environmental Engineering

Department at Arizona State University

and Genahol-Arizona, firm with ten

years of wastc-to-cthanol experience. The

partnership is expected to provide (31)370

in matching funds for the project.

Specifically, the ethanol plant project

will focus on:

the market for recycled products from

the proposed plants,

the suitability of municipal solid waste

for ethanol feedstock,

potential locations for waste to athanol

plants,

an analysis of waste to ethanol plant

economics, and

an evaluation of methane and carbon

dioxide by-products.

For more information about the

Arizona alcohol plant project, contact .ori

Gabriel at the Office of Research and

Creative Activities, Arizona State Univer

sity, phone 602-727-6527 or email

[ori.gabriel@aau.edu

The funds for the Arizona project

became available when Cyclus

Envirosystems was unable to obtain

matching funds for biochemical conver

sion system for the Orange County

Sanitation District near Fountain Valley,

California,

Electric BioPower

Marketing

Opportunity

number of

public

and private

partners arc

seeking innovative

utilities, power

marketers or energy

service providers interested in develop

ing markets for electricity generated

from renewable biomass sources pro

duced in and around the LakeTahoe

Basin. Interested parties should have

experience with green power marketing

and contractual mechanisms.

The project partners are looking

for an additional partner or partners

willing to purchase and market green

power from Lake Tahoe Basin biomass.

For more information, contact

Scott Haase at NEOS Corporation,

phone 303-980-1969, fax 202-8\9SO1030, or email shaasc@neosdenver.com

Western Binmass Quarterly. November 199S
University of California at Davis Department

Extolled for Bioenergy Work

Tilt Western Regional Biomass Energy

Program recently honored a project

spearheaded by Bryan Jenkins ar the

University of California at Daws' Depart

ment of Biological and Agricultural

Engineering.

The project explored ways to use

cheaper agricultural resources as fuel in

biomass power plants. Currently, biomass

to electricity plants in California spend

nearly half of their operating expenses for

wood fuel. If restructuring of the power

industry lowers electricity ccsts, presently

operating biomass power plants could

become uneconomical and be forced to

close. The question from the University

team was simple: can readily available,

cheaper resources be used without damage

to the power plants?

Four Years and More

Since 1994, the research team has

successfully removed alkali from

biomass resources such as rice straw

and used the fuel with wood in

boilers. At two different power

plants, rain washed rice straw

blends of 10 to 20 percent have

been mixed with wood to fuel

boilers. More than 140 tons of

rice straw were used with no

problems of slagging or ash

deposits in the boilers.

Participate emissions

remained unchanged as well. More

tests are scheduled using the alkali reduc

tion methods.

These demonstrations have proven

that other, less expensive, alternatives are

available for biomass fuel. Researchers

have estimated that as much as one-quarter

of California's biomass resources could now

be utilized in existing electricity boilers

once tile alkali is

removed from the

agricultural wastes.

The biomassftided boiler tests

involved others besides

individuals at the Univer

sity, and included staff from

the University of California

Cooperative Extension,

Sandia National Laboratory,

the California Energy

Commission, the National

Renewable Energy Laboratory,

Wheelabrator Environmental Systems,

Woodland Biomass Power and Wadham

Energy.

For more information on the

University project, contact Bryan Jenkins,

Biological and Agricultural Engineering,

University of California at Davis, phone

530-752-1422.

* "

85 Percent

Ethanol Workshops

in Phoenix

^^AMM^^^ May, the

Mm^ fc £B^BR -1-Arizoru ^C C?^B JU Department of

^^^^ta^fl Agriculture and its partners held

two workshops to

familiarize greater

Phoenix transportation fleet managers with the

alternate fuel possibilities of 85 percent ethanol and 15

percent gasoline fuel blends.

Topics at the half-day sessions ranged from the

latest local air quality conditions to ethanol costs and

supplies to applicable state and national laws such as

tlic Energy Policy Act and the Clean Air Act.

lie Arizona Department of Agriculture was

joined in the effort by Arizona's Departments of

Administration, Environmental Quality,Transporta

tion and Commerce's Energy Office as well as the

Clean Fuels Development Coalition, National

Fthanol Vehicle Coalition and Ford Motor Company;

The Department received S10,000 from the

U.S. Department of Energy's Western Regional

Biomass Energy Program to defer the S30.000 cost of

the workshops.

$64,000 Added To

Three Projects

Since January, Western has

provided partial funding totaling

$64,000 for three projects, including

two conferences.

Historically, Western has cosponsored numerous conferences

each year. This year, because the

increased number of projects

seeking funding from Western, only

two conferences received funds

the Second Annual

Aviation Conference

on Alternative

Aviation Fuels

in Waco,

Texas in

February

and the

1998

South

Dakota

Future Fair

in Rapid City in

January. The conferences received

510,000 and S8,000, respectively.

Electricity From

Straw, Grass and

Shells in Texas

The remaining $46,000 was

added to the 550,000 already

earmarked for Cratech in Tahoka,

Texas. The Cratech project builds

on earlier research of biomass to

electricity power plants. Using

straw, grass, nut shells, and cotton

gin trash as fuel, this project

will complete development

and test one megawatt

unit in Tahoka, Power

plants such as the Tahoka

prototype could eliminate

waste products at food

processors and generate

electricity that could be

used by the facility.

Western Biomass Quarterly November 1998
Now

order these

publications

electronically.

Visit our web site at:

www.

westbioenergy.org

From Western's Printing Press In the len years since Ihe regional biomass

program was created by Congress, number of

reports. Studies, and project descriptions have

been produced by Western or specific project

contractors.

Unlike Ashleigh Brilliant who said, "My sources are unreli

able, but their information is fascinating," Western can attest to the

reliability of the authors, the reports and studies as well as ihe

information contained in those reports.

Western is pleased to offer free copies of the following

publications to Quarterly readers. Simply enter the quantity

of items you warn and mail or fax ihe form (mail: P.O. Box

95085, Lincoln, NE 6850!): fax: 402-471-3064; no phone

orders please) to Western's administrative offices.

Since quantities of sonic items are limited, the early

bird gets the worm, or in this case, the Information.

In each box, enter the quantity of publications.

Evaluation of Business

Plan Development

Software Packages for

Biomass Entrepreneurs

January 1993. This evaluation by

the NEOS Corporation summa

te

a.

rizes ten computer software packages

on the market that are designed to

create a business plan and evaluates

eighi of the packages. table summa

rizes basic features of each package. 1S

pages.

Feasibility of Corn

Residue Collection in

Kearney, Nebraska Area

September 1993. The report by

the University of NebraskaLincoln's industrial Agricultural

Producls Center refines 1990 muliiState biomass assessment. The 1990

study identified 70-mile area around

Kearney, Nebraska, as one of the top

areas capable of supplying sufficient

quantities of biomass to fuel cellulosic

fermentation facility capable of

producing eilianol. The study reviewed

the type of crops grown, annual corn

yield, variation in yields, percent of

land in production, number of farms

and ownership, tillage practices and

current residue uses. 55 pages.

Overview of the

National Renewable

Energy Laboratory's

Biomass Power Program

at Workshop on

Renewable Energy and

Energy Storage

Technologies

Octnbcr 1993. This graphic

overview the nation's biomass

energy program by Catherine Gregoire

first provides summary of current

biomosfi electricity production by stale and

projections of future production. portion

of the presentation reviews ihe different

technological methods of producing

electricity from biomass. The last segment

of the review profiles the government's

efforts to increase electricity production

from biomass resources. 20 pages.

Fuel Usage and the Health

of Navajo Women and

Children: Development of

Clean-Burning Biofuel as

Replacement for Wood

and Coal

April 1995. This six month project

by Schulz and Bragg examined ways

to reduce the adverse health effects to older

Navajo women and young children due to

the reliance of polluting heat and cooking

fuels. Secondary aspects of the study

included assessing ihe feasibility of

growing rootfuel to replace ihe dwindling

supplies of wrood and coal and making

modifications to ihe healing and cooking

systems. 47 pages.

San Luis Valley Fuego

Limpio: Report 1,

Potential Demand for

Fuego Limpio

June 1993. This is the first report of

two-phase study by Gary Beers of

Environmental Properly Assessments that

evaluates using compressed wheat straw,

called Fuego Limpio. as heating and

cooking fuel. This report focuses on the

results from five-month trial by 23

participant families in south central

Colorado. The study also estimates

potential demand for compressed the wheat

straw briquettes. 30 pages.

San Luis Valley Fuego

Limpio Project: Report 2,

Production Costs and

Properties of Fuego

Limpio

May !994.

This is the

second report of

the two-phase

study by Gary

Beers of

Environmen

tal Property

Assess

ments that

evaluales using

compressed wheat straw,

called Fuego Limpio. as healing and

cooking fuel. This portion of ihe study

examines the feasibility of commercial

biomass densification facility in south

central Colorado. The Study estimates

production costs for straw densification

plants of various sizes, and identifies

likely capital, fixed and variable costs. 53

pages.

Selection Guidelines for

Off-the-Shelf,

Commercially Available

Biomass Combustion

Equipment, 1994

July I994. This compilation of

various brands and types of biomass

combustion equipment was produced by

Dave Dooling for ihe Southeastern

Regional Biomass Energy Program. The

guidelines categorize units by fuel type,

heat output, by type of direct combustion

air or water, system specifications and

manufacturers' addresses. pages.

continued on next page

Western Biomass Quarterly November I99S $
In each box, enter the quantity of publications.

Report on Agricultural

Residue Harvest and

Collection

November 1994. This review of

state of ilie ari biomass harvest

ing equipment and collection technol

ogy was authored by J.A. Lindley and

L.R Backer of the Agricultural Engi

neering Department. North Dakota

State University. The authors examine

approximately 90 pieces of agricultural

equipment for its suitability fur biomass

energy harvesting and collection in the

western United Slates. The report

addresses number of collection

methods including primary for

reasons other than energy such as grain

harvesting secondary and combining

the primary and secondary harvest into

one because of cost savings and other

considerations, 210 pages.

Biogas Production and

Use as Fuel at Optimum

Art Glass, Inc. in Eaton,

Colorado

July 1992. This analysis of

converting locally produced

waste materials into natural gas

substitute that could be used by a local

manufacturer was authored by Mishra

and Associates. This report investigated

the feasibility, process design, equip

ment specifications, cost quotations,

economic analysis and permitting

necessary to construe! an anaerobic

digestion plant to convert locally

produced waste materials such us

livestock or beer wastes inio natural

gas substitute, or biogas. Optimum Art

Glass planned on using the biogas to

power furnaces thai melt recycled glass

bottles. The molten glass is then rolled

inio sheets of stained glass. I()'J pages.

Colorado Wood Residue

Resource Assessment:

Results of Survey of

Metropolitan Denver and

Colorado Springs

Secondary Wood

Products Manufacturers

November 1993. The NCOS

Corporation-authored survey

profiles the 176 secondary wood

Western Biomass Quarterly November

processors in the Denver and Colorado

Springs regions. The findings quantify the

type of wood residue produced, wood species

used, quantity produced, and how the

residues are disposed. 59 pages.

Bioconversion of Feedlot

and Dairy Waste for Energy

July 1995. This report chronicles the

development and test of pilot twoWhat Is

phase anaerobic digestion project in Utah

that utilized mixed dairy industry wastes

including manure, cheese wliey and milk

products for energy and fertilizer production

while minimizing and reducing adverse

environmental and pollution impacts. 43

pages.

Anaerobic

Digestion and

Biogas

Recovery and

Utilization:

Workshop

October 1993.

This report

anaerobic

digestion\iw//u:

biochemical

process by

which organic

matter is

decomposed by

bacteria in the

absence of

oxygen, produc

ing methane and

other

byproducts.

summarizes an Arkan

sas workshop at the

Winrock International

Institute Far Agricul

tural Development on

anaerobic digestion and biogas recovery and

utilization. The authors of the report. Jim

Wimberiy and Fee Busby, both of Winrock,

have succinctly chronicled the findings of the

workshop sessions that focused on opportuShip To:

nilies and constraints on widespread

commercialization of the technologies.

43 pages.

Ethanol Production from

Mixed Waste Paper:

Pre-Feasibility Study

March 1993. This study by

Economic Research Associates

analyzes existing conditions and public

policy for the ethanol and mixed waste

paper industries; traditional and emerg

ing ethanol production technologies;

business development within the ethanol

industry and policy roles for develop

ment and implementation of cellulose-toethanol technology, 70 pages.

Ethanol Production from

Municipal Solid Waste in

Nebraska: General

Feasibility Study

April 1994. This Economic

Research Associates' report builds

on an earlier mixed waste paper study,

but is more focused in scope. Among the

issues explored include: whether

sufficient waste paper resources exist

locally to provide adequate levels of

materials for ethanol plant, whether (he

amount of ethanol produced would

satisfy the demands of the publiclyowned vehicles in the region, economic

projections of costs and operations and

environmental and political consider

ations. ^6 pages.

<s

"D

ID

a.

Name.

Address.

City.. Stato. Zip Code.

If you have an email address, please include it below:

1998

You may fax, your order to Western's administrative office at

402-471-3064 or 402-471-3526

mail to: Western Regional Biomass Energy Program, Box 95085, Lincoln, NE G8509

or email your publications request at Western's web site, www.westbioenergy.org
The World of Biomass on the Web Western State Contacts

Western encourages readers

to utilize these biomass

resources. The Internet sites listed

should not be construed as

advocating or representing any

position of the Western Regional

Biomass Energy Program nor does

Western guarantee the content or

accuracy of any information

available at these sites.

Readers without computers

or access to the Internet arc

encouraged to visit their local

library where Internet services may

be available.

The Alternative Agricultural

Research and Commercialization

Corporation. This site details

what this venture capital firm,

part of the U.S. Department of

Agriculture, does. The site also

lists how the firm makes invest

ments in companies to help

commercialize bio-based industrial

products non-food, non-feed

from agricultural and forestry

materials and animal byproducts.

wwwusda.gov/aarc

Biofiiels Information

Center. This site is part of the

National Renewable Energy

Laboratory's Alternative Fuels

Data Center. The site contains

resources on biofiiels as well as

search engine for reviewing

databases and publications.

simple search for "hiotuel" turned

up 51 factshcets ami publications

spanning six-year period,

www. afdc.nrel.gov

Biomass Resource Informa

tion Clearinghouse. This clear

inghouse is jointly operated by the

U.S. Departments of Agriculture,

Energy and Commerce; die

National Renewable Energy

Laboratory, Oak Ridge National

Laboratory; the Regional Biomass

Energy Program; the U.S. Forest

Service, trie U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency and the U.S.

Census Bureau.

rredc.nrel.gov/biomass

The Centre for Biomass

Technology. This site is Danish

network oi four technological

institutes that conduct biomass

research and projects. You will

find technical papers and newslet

ters on the use of wood, straw and

other biofiiels. While the web site

is in English, not 'all of the research

materials have been translated yet.

www.s li.dk/~cbt

The Industrial AgricultureUSA Clearinghouse. This

national database offers access to

information and resources in the

area of alternative uses for nonfeed, non-food agricultural

products. The Clearinghouse is

maintained by the KansasTcchnology Enterprise Corporation.

wivw.ia-usa.org

The Kansas Technology

Enterprise Corporation. This site

provides an overview of the

services available from this

comprehensive technology

economic development network.

The Corporation is designed to

support researchers, inventors,

entrepreneurs and businesses

through each phase of the technol

ogy life cycle, from basic idea to

successful product. The services

the Corporation provides are

research, investment and business

assistance, ivww.ktec.com

Solstice. This information

resource on renewable energy,

efficiency and sustainable develop

ment contains nearly one million

pages oi information and the site

also serves as the host tor more

than 50 other renewable energy

organizations. This site, operated

by the Center for Renewable

Energy and Sustainable Technol

ogy, contains information on

number of bioenergy projects.

solsticu.crest.org

State Contacts These individuals have been

appointed by the governors in the

region, and provide assistance on

program development,

implementation and evaluation.

Arizona

James L. jester

Phone 602-965-5071

idiih@asuvm.inre.asii.edu

California

Michael Smith

Phone 916-654-4604

msmith8energy.slale.ca.us

Colorado

Marcus Roper

Phone 303-620-4292

roper ©csn.nel

Kansas

Richard Hayter

Phone 785-532-6026

rhayter@kEU.edu

Nebraska

Larry Pearee

Phone 402-471-2867

Ipearce mail. stale.ns.us

Nevada

David McNeil

Phone 702-6B7-4909

dmcneil@govmail.slale.nv.us

New Mexico

Walter Zachntz

Phone 505-646-1646

wzachrittnmsj.edu

North Dakota

James Boyd

Phone 701-328-2094

ccmail.jboyd© state, nd.us

Oklahoma

Fenton Rood

Phone 405-702-5159

fen ion. rood degmail.state.ok.us

South Dakota

Sieve Wegman

Phone 505-773-3201

sievew8puc.state.sd. us

Texas

Jane Pulaski

Phone 512-463-1796

jan e. pula ski sc.stai e. Ix. us

Utah

John Kings ley

Phone 801-538-6655

cemain .jki ng s!e 3dced.state.ut.us

Wyoming

Dale Hoffman

Phone 307-777-7264

dhoffm issc.slale.wy.us

Technical Contacts

This group consists ol state

officials and representatives from

federal and local govemmenls,

industry, the research community,

and other interested parties.

The group focuses on

regionally important biomass

resources and the technologies

needed to stimulate Ihe conversion

of biomass feedstocks to energy

applications.

Leslie F. Backer

Phone 701-231-7274

Ibacke badlands, nodak.edu

Grover Rich Brockbank

Phone E01 -485-0723

grov@inconnect.com

James Butler

Phone 912-382-3382

Chris Freeman

Phone 702-567-6977

kjordan govmai .stale.nv.us

Sambhanath Ghosh

Phone S01-581-6937

Robert R. Lanslord

Phone 505-646-3105

rlansfor0nmsu.edu

William G. Miller

Phone 916-927-1770

wgmnrss8aol.com

VInee Murphy

Phone 970-491-1791

vince@engr.colostale.edj

0.H, Pattlson

Phone 505-380-5369

h&jpatt 6pdrpip.com

Hark Schrock

Phone 785-532-2907

mschrock eialcon.baeksu.edu

George Simons

Phone 916-654-4659

gs mons ene rgy. state. ca.u

Shalne Tyson

Phone 303-275-4616

tysonk@tcplink.nrel.gov

Olher methods of reaching

these individuals can be can be

found at Western's Web Site:

www.wesi bloenergy.org

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