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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-2

INDUSTRY SERIES

General Contractors—

Residential Buildings, Other

Than Single-Family Houses

Industry 1522

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-2

INDUSTRY SERIES

General Contractors—

Residential Buildings, Other

Than Single-Family Houses

Industry 1522

U.S. Department of Commerce

Ronald H. Brown, Secretary

David J. Barram, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Issued April 1995
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Many persons participated in the various activities of the 1992 Census of Construction

Industries. The overall planning and review of the census operations were performed by the

Economic Census Staff of the Economic Planning and Coordination Division.

This report was prepared in the Manufacturing and Construction Division. Barry A. Rappaport,

Assistant Chief for Construction and Mineral Census and Related Programs, was responsible for

the overall planning, management, and coordination of the census of construction industries.

Planning and implementation were under the direction of Patricia L. Horning, Chief, Construction

and Mineral Census Branch, with staff assistance by Juliana Van Berkum, Susan L. Hostetter,

Doris M. Kling, Carolyn J. Stone, and Linda M. Taylor. The sampling plans and variance and

estimation specifications were developed by Dennis K. Duke. Under the direction of C. Lloyd

Anderson, the Systems Support Staff maintained the small computers and assisted in the

management of computer output.

Systems and procedures for mailout, receipt, correspondence, data input, industry classification, other clerical processing, administrative-record processing, quality control, and the associated electronic computer programs, were developed in the Economic Planning and Coordination

Division.

Mailout preparation and receipt operations, clerical and analytical review activities, data

keying, and geocoding review were performed by the staff of the Data Preparation Division,

Judith N. Petty, Chief.

Geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs were developed by the staff

of the Geography Division, Joel Morrison, Chief.

The computer processing systems were developed and coordinated in the Economic

Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Paulter, Jr., Chief, and Sarah W.

Baumgardner, Assistant Chief. Samuel Rozenel, Chief, Current Construction Branch, was

responsible for the design and implementation of the computer systems. The computer programs

were prepared under the supervision of Leonard S. Sammarco and Kevin J. Montgomery.

Computer processing was performed in the Computer Services Division, Marvin D. Raines,

Chief.

The staff of the Administrative and Publications Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief,

performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement

for the publications and report forms. Bernadette J. Gayle provided publication coordination and

editing.

Special acknowledgment is also due the many businesses whose cooperation has contributed

to the publication of these data.

If you have any questions concerning the statistics in this report, call 301-457-4680.

Acknowledgments
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MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

John P. Govoni, Acting Chief

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Harry A. Scarr, Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider, Principal Associate

Director for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker, Associate

Director for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

ECONOMIC PLANNING AND COORDINATION

DIVISION

John P. Govoni, Chief

Economics and Statistics

Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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Introduction to

the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC

CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product, input/ output measures, production and

price indexes, and other statistical series that measure

short-term changes in economic conditions.

Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data, especially in monitoring economic activity and

providing assistance to business.

State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions

and to develop programs to attract business.

Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries and keep their members informed of

market changes.

Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

Title 13 of the United States Code (sections 131, 191,

and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic

census every 5 years, covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The 1992 Economic Census consists of the following eight

censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

Special programs also cover enterprise statistics and

minority-owned and women-owned businesses. (The 1992

Census of Agriculture and 1992 Census of Governments

are conducted separately.) The next economic census is

scheduled to be taken in 1998 covering the year 1997.

AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA

The results of the economic census are available in

printed reports for sale by the U.S. Government Printing

Office and on compact discs for sale by the Census

Bureau. Order forms for all types of products are available

on request from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,

Washington, DC 20233-8300. A more complete description of publications being issued from this census is on the

inside back cover of this document.

Census facts are also widely disseminated by trade

associations, business journals, and newspapers. Volumes containing census statistics are available in most

major public and college libraries. Finally, State data

centers in every State as well as business and industry

data centers in many States also supply economic census

statistics.

WHAT’S NEW IN 1992

The 1992 Economic Census covers more of the economy

than any previous census. New for 1992 are data on

communications, utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate,

as well as coverage of more transportation industries. The

economic, agriculture, and governments censuses now

collectively cover nearly 98 percent of all economic activity.

Among other changes, new 1992 definitions affect the

boundaries of about a third of all metropolitan areas. Also,

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses has now been

expanded to include all corporations.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1963, 1958, and 1954. Prior to that time, the individual

subcomponents of the economic census were taken separately at varying intervals.

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The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for 1840 and subsequent censuses to include mining and some commercial activities. In

1902, Congress established a permanent Census Bureau

and directed that a census of manufactures be taken every

5 years. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first time

a census was taken apart from the regular every-10-year

population census.

The first census of business was taken in 1930, covering 1929. Initially it covered retail and wholesale trade and

construction industries, but it was broadened in 1933 to

include some of the service trades.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated—providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firms

provided by the administrative records of other Federal

agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also have

been used to provide basic statistics for very small firms,

reducing or eliminating the need to send them census

questionnaires. The Enterprise Statistics Program, which

publishes combined data from the economic census, was

made possible with the implementation of the integrated

census program in 1954.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses has continued to expand. The census of construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and the

scope of service industries was broadened in 1967, 1977,

and 1987. The census of transportation began in 1963 as

a set of surveys covering travel, transportation of commodities, and trucks, but expanded in 1987 to cover business

establishments in several transportation industries. For

1992, these statistics are incorporated into a broadened

census of transportation, communications, and utilities.

Also new for 1992 is the census of financial, insurance,

and real estate industries. This is part of a gradual expansion in coverage of industries previously subjected to

government regulation.

The Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises

was first conducted as a special project in 1969 and was

incorporated into the economic census in 1972 along with

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses.

An economic census has also been taken in Puerto

Rico since 1909, in the Virgin Islands of the United States

and Guam since 1958, and in the Commonwealth of the

Northern Mariana Islands since 1982.

Statistical reports from the 1987 and earlier censuses

provide historical figures for the study of long-term time

series and are available in some large libraries. All of the

census data published since 1967 are still available for

sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT

ECONOMIC DATA

While the census provides complete enumerations every

5 years, there are many needs for more frequent data as

well. The Census Bureau conducts a number of monthly,

quarterly, and annual surveys, with the results appearing in

publication series such as Current Business Reports (retail

and wholesale trade and service industries), the Annual

Survey of Manufactures, Current Industrial Reports, and

the Quarterly Financial Report. Most of these surveys,

while providing more frequent observations, yield less

kind-of-business and geographic detail than the census.

The County Business Patterns program offers annual

statistics on the number of establishments, employment,

and payroll classified by industry within each county.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1992 Economic Census and Related Statistics. More information on the methodology, procedures,

and history of the census will be published in the History of

the 1992 Economic Census. Contact Customer Services

for information on availability.

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Census of Construction

GENERAL

The 1992 Census of Construction Industries covers all

employer establishments (establishments with payroll) primarily engaged in contract construction or construction on

their own account for sale as defined in the Standard

Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC). This industrial classification system has been developed by experts

on classification in government and private industry under

the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget and

is in general use among government agencies and among

organizations outside the government.

Contract construction. The SIC manual defines construction in three broad types of activity:

1. Building construction by general contractors or by

operative builders. General building contractors are

primarily engaged in the construction of dwellings,

office buildings, stores, farm buildings, and other building projects. Operative builders who build on their own

account for sale are also included here. However,

investment builders who build structures on their own

account for rent are classified in Real Estate.

2. Heavy construction general contractors. Heavy construction general contractors are primarily engaged in

the construction of highways, bridges, pipelines, sewers and water lines, marine construction, power, and

petro-chemical plants and other nonbuilding construction projects. Special trade contractors are classified

in heavy construction, if they are specifically engaged

in the following activities: grading for highway and

airport runways; guardrail construction; installation of

highway signs; asphalt and concrete construction of

roads, highways, streets, and public sidewalks; trenching, cable laying; conduit construction; underwater

rock removal; pipeline wrapping; or land clearing and

leveling.

3. Constructionby other specialtrade contractors. These

contractors include plumbers, painters, carpenters,

electricians, brick layers, roofers, etc. For the most

part, they perform their work at the site of construction,

although they may also have shops where they perform work incidental to the job site.

General contractors in both the building and the heavy

construction field usually assume responsibility for an

entire construction project, but may subcontract to others

all of the actual construction work or those portions of the

project requiring special skills or equipment. Special trade

contractors may work for general contractors, for other

subcontractors, or may work directly for the owner of the

property.

Each establishment receiving a questionnaire was requested

to report the percent of total dollar value of business done

for each kind-of-business activity engaged in during 1992.

This information was used for the computer assignment of

appropriate industry classifications. During this work, various tests were also made using other data reported on the

questionnaire. The proportion of construction work to total

business was checked to verify that the establishment was

primarily in construction. Also taken into consideration

were the types of structures worked on during the year and

the extent of work undertaken for other contractors.

Construction establishments often engage in various

construction activities. It is necessary, however, to assign

a single industry code to the establishment based on its

major activity. Therefore, the statistics shown for an industry reflect not only the primary activity of the establishments in the industry but also their secondary activities.

The industry reports, however, do present data on the

extent of secondary activities.

Prior to 1992, this census also included one industry

classified in the Real Estate area, SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries. This industry

is covered in the 1992 Census of Financial, Insurance,

and Real Estate Industries.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The census of construction industries is conducted on

an establishment basis. A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is

defined as a relatively permanent office or other place of

business where the usual business activities related to

construction are conducted. With some exceptions, a

relatively permanent office is one which has been established for the management of more than one project or job

and which is expected to be maintained on a continuing

basis. Such ‘‘establishment’’ activities include, but are not

limited to estimating, bidding, purchasing, supervising, and

operation of the actual construction work being conducted

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

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at one or more construction sites. Separate construction

reports were not required for each project or construction

site.

Companies with more than one construction establishment were required to submit a separate report for each

establishment operated during all or any part of 1992. The

census of construction industries figures represent a summary of records for individual establishments rather than

for companies.

If an establishment was engaged in construction and

one or more distinctly different lines of economic activity

(wholesale or retail trade, service, manufacturing, mining,

etc.) at the same place of business, it was requested to file

a separate report for each activity, provided that the

activity was of substantial size and separate records were

maintained or substantially accurate estimates could be

prepared.

If a separate establishment report could not be prepared for each activity, then a construction report was

requested covering all activities of that establishment

providing that the 1992 value of construction work exceeded

the gross receipts from each of its other activities.

Construction businesses with no payroll during 1992

(nonemployers) were not required to file census reports.

Tabulation of data for these businesses are based on

administrative records and are shown only in U.S. summary publications and the geographic area reports series.

Refer to the section on ‘‘Sample Design’’ for details.

Foreign construction activities were not included in this

census.

SAMPLE DESIGN, ESTIMATION PROCEDURES,

AND RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES

The companies included in the 1992 Census of Construction Industries were identified as part of an operation

common to all 1992 Economic Censuses. Construction

companies were divided into employers (companies with

payroll) and nonemployers (companies without payroll).

Statistical information for the employers was obtained in

the census by a survey which included all medium size and

large employers and a sample of the smaller ones. Census

reports were not required from the nonemployers. Statistics on nonemployers were obtained from administrative

records of other agencies of the Federal Government.

Employer Companies

Developing the sampling frame for employer companies. This operation started with obtaining a list of all

construction companies in the active records of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which were subject to payment

of Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes. The

basic source for this list has been the Internal Revenue

Service Business Master File, a comprehensive list of

companies engaged in business activities in the United

States. The file contains the name, address, and form of

ownership of each company and also indicates whether or

not the company is subject to the FICA. Each company in

this file is assigned a unique employer identification (EI)

number which it uses in filing its various reports with the

IRS. The Social Security Administration (SSA) maintains a

similar list using the same identification numbers, which

also contains information on the industrial classification of

each company. The Bureau of the Census obtained both of

these lists and combined them.

Under special arrangements which safeguarded the

confidentiality of the information, the Bureau also obtained

administrative-record data on payrolls and receipts and

added these data to the combined list. The list, thus

created from the IRS-SSA information, was a list of employer

companies. However, for the 1992 Economic Census the

basic reporting unit is the ‘‘establishment.’’ Therefore,

steps were taken to identify the individual establishments

of those companies which operate more than one place of

business. The information for making this determination

was obtained by means of the Company Organization

Survey (COS), an annual canvass of all known multiestablishment companies and large single-establishment companies. Thus, the 1992 Economic Census list for singleestablishment employer companies was obtained from the

IRS-SSA, but the list of establishments of multiestablishment employer companies was obtained directly from

those companies in the COS. Refer to the section on

‘‘Establishment Basis for Reporting’’ for details.

In general, the IRS-SSA list provided sufficient industrial

classification data to assign a company to the proper

economic census, but there were a number of companies

for which this information was inadequate or unavailable. A

special form, NC-9923, General Schedule, was mailed to

all such companies, requesting information on the nature

of the company’s activities. From the information reported,

the company was given an industrial classification code

and assigned to the appropriate economic census. Since

construction companies found in this way were identified

only after the regular census mailing had taken place, they

were treated as a supplement to the basic list.

Selecting the employer sample. The sample was designed

to provide reliable State and metropolitan area estimates

for each construction industry. It consisted of all construction establishments in multiestablishment companies, all

single-establishment companies with 1991 administrative

payroll of $480,000 or more and a probability sample of

single-establishment companies with payroll under that

amount. Supplementing the sample were construction

companies identified from the NC-9923, General Schedule. Also affecting the sample were the misclassified

companies; i.e., companies included in the samples of

other trade areas which reported they were construction

companies and companies originally classified in construction which reported they were not construction companies.

Of the 547,000 single-establishment employer companies initially classified as construction companies, 158,000

were included in the sample. All of the 11,000 establishments of multiestablishment companies were included in

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the sample. There was a net increase in the sample of

48,000 establishments resulting from establishments originally unclassified (receiving the NC-9923) or misclassified.

The probability sample of the smaller single-establishment

companies was a stratified random sample. Strata were

formed from all establishments with the same initial fourdigit SIC code, in the same State, in the same metropolitan

area, or in the balance of the State, and in the same size

class based on estimated total employment. If the fourdigit SIC code for an establishment was incomplete, the

establishment was placed in a stratum for miscellaneous

companies. Because they were small, all companies were

included in the sample for the following three industries:

SIC 1622, Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction Contractors; SIC 1795, Wrecking and Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors; and SIC 1796, Installation or

Erection of Building Equipment Special Trade Contractors.

Estimation procedures for 1992 and 1987 data. Since

all larger employer companies and some smaller ones

were included in the census, sample estimation was

required only for the universe of companies not selected

with certainty. The published statistics are the totals of the

estimates for the sampled companies and the aggregates

for the certainty companies. All estimates for 1992 and

1987 published here are simple unbiased estimates of the

form:

n

c

x’

c = Σ xi

/ pi

i =1

where: x’

c is the simple unbiased estimate of a characteristic for a publication cell.

x

i is the reported value of a characteristic for

an individual establishment in the publication cell.

p

i is the selection probability of that firm.

n

c is the number of firms in the sample for the

cell.

Data for certain characteristics were reported as a

percentage of the dollar value of business done. Before

this formula was applied to those characteristics, it was

necessary to convert the reported percentages into dollars.

Reliability of employer statistics. Since the estimates

for employer establishments in these reports are based on

the samples, they are subject to sampling variability and

may be expected to differ from results which would have

been obtained if a complete census had been taken using

the same forms and procedures. The sampling errors

shown in the tables were estimated directly from the

sample reports, using methods appropriate for the sample

design and form of estimation used. The relative standard

error is a measure of sampling variability; i.e., the variation

that might occur by chance because only a sample of the

population is surveyed. As calculated for this report, the

relative standard error also partially reflects the effect of

random errors of response and processing, but it does not

take into account the effect of any consistent biases due to

those types of errors. The chances are about 68 out of 100

that an estimate from the sample would differ from a

complete census by less than the relative standard error.

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the difference is

less than twice the relative standard error and about 99 out

of 100 that it is less than 2-1/ 2 times the relative standard

error. Individual estimates with large relative standard

errors have been shown in the published tables. Any such

estimates should be used with caution. The very large

relative standard errors generally occur for the smaller

estimates.

Relative standard errors have been calculated for all of

the published statistics, although they are shown for each

statistic only in the tables presenting detailed statistics.

Other tables show relative standard errors only for certain

characteristics because of lack of space.

As calculated for this report, the relative standard error

measures certain nonsampling errors, but does not measure any systematic biases in the data. Bias is the difference, averaged over all possible samples with the same

size and design, between the estimates and the true value

being estimated. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to

many sources: inability to obtain information about all

cases in the sample; definitional difficulties; differences in

interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of

respondents to provide correct information; and errors

made in processing the data. Although no direct measurements of the biases have been obtained, it is believed that

most of the important response and operational errors

were detected in the course of reviewing the data for

reasonableness and consistency.

A potential source of bias is in the imputation for those

establishments that have not responded by the time of

final publication. Data were estimated for establishments

that did not report by that date, although selected establishments were contacted again to obtain as much information on the telephone as possible. Some publication

cells in which more than 40 percent of the data were not

reported have been suppressed.

Nonemployer Companies

As described earlier, the information derived from the

business income tax returns of all companies was matched

to the census employer file on the basis of common

identification numbers. Those business income tax returns

which could not be matched were further classified on the

basis of several characteristics. Returns with characteristics consistent with companies without payroll were treated

as nonemployers. The nonemployer construction companies were not required to file census reports.

For ‘‘number of establishments,’’ each separate income

tax return was assumed to be an establishment. ‘‘All

business receipts’’ was based on receipts information

reported on the tax return.

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Since no sampling was involved in the nonemployer

establishments, the statistics for nonemployers are not

subject to sampling variability. However, these data are

subject to an unknown amount of reporting and processing

errors which could not be detected by the Census Bureau.

CENSUS REPORT FORMS

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries was obtained from employer establishments primarily

through the use of 22 questionnaires, determined by

industry classification and size. Standard forms and short

forms were developed for each of the following SIC

groups: 15, 16, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, and

179. Establishments with 1991 administrative payroll of

$1,080,000 or more all received the standard form. For

those sample establishments with payroll under that amount,

half received the standard form and half received the short

form. The short forms covered only major items and

omitted some of the detail found in the longer forms.

In reviewing and developing the questionnaires,

comments and recommendations were elicited from

construction trade associations and advisory groups.

Also, approximately 6,000 establishments in SIC’s 1521,

1629, and 1799 were surveyed in the Census of Construction Industries 1989 Pretest. This survey consisted of four

panels which received one of four experimental questionnaries and one panel which received the control questionnaire. Along with the questionnaire, these establishments

received an evaluation questionnaire, which requested

information about respondents’ reactions to the questionnaire, problems in completing the questionnaire, and how

long it took to complete the questionnaire. Results from

the 1989 Pretest questionnaire are reflected as reworded

questions, improved instructions, and restructured value of

business questions in the 1992 questionnaires.

DATA PROCESSING

The 1992 census report forms were mailed out in

December 1992. They were mailed from and returned to

the Census Bureau’s Data Preparation Division in Jeffersonville, IN, where routine editing and coding of the report

forms were also accomplished. Collection of these report

forms was essentially completed in July 1993.

The returned reports underwent extensive processing.

A preliminary edit done at the time of data entry identified

obviously deficient reports and reports needing clarification. When necessary, these problems were resolved by

further contact with the respondents. Next, the data were

transmitted to Census Bureau headquarters near Washington, DC.

Data records, then, underwent a detailed computer

review and analysis. The records containing significant

problems were referred for further analytical review and, if

necessary, contacts were made with the respondents. The

computer performed most classification coding (such as

industry coding, geographic coding, and size coding), and

imputation for missing items or for reports not received in

time for tabulation. The imputation was performed on an

industry (or industry group) and State (or geographic

group) basis using all available response and administrative data.

The data records were then tabulated on an industry

basis. Industry totals were subjected to analytical review,

and selected statistics were prepared for the preliminary

reports. Corrections resulting from this review were made

to the computer records and final tabulations were produced.

The review of a preliminary report for an industry often

uncovered the need for corrections or revisions to the data

for another industry for which a preliminary report had

already been published. The final reports incorporate all

revisions and corrections made during the review of the

preliminary reports and contain considerable more data

than were published in those reports.

GEOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries’

final industry report series is classified on the basis of two

types of geographic distributions: (1) physical location of

the establishment, and (2) location of construction work. A

separate code was assigned on each basis allowing us to

present data by both physical location of the establishment

and location of construction work.

The geographic area reports series presents similar

data by industry for each State (physical location of the

establishment) and for selected MSA’s, CMSA’s and PMSA’s.

CHANGE IN COLLECTION METHODOLOGY FOR

VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK DONE

In 1987 and 1992, the ‘‘value of construction work’’ was

collected to better measure actual construction activity

done during the year. In 1992, this item was collected as a

total of three separate items. These items ( receipts from

construction contract work, value of speculative construction work, and value of construction work done for own

use) were collected separately to emphasize construction

activity that had been poorly reported in previous censuses.

Receipts from the sale of land were not collected

separately in 1992, as in 1987, but are still excluded from

the value of construction work done.

All dollar values are shown in current dollars for the

years specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

DUPLICATION IN VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION

WORK

The aggregate of value of construction work reported by

all construction establishments in each of the several

industry, geographic area, or other groupings in this census contains varying amounts of duplication, since the

construction work of one firm may be subcontracted to

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other construction firms and may also be included in the

subcontractors’ value of construction work. To avoid this

duplication, a ‘‘net’’ value of construction work figure has

been derived for each establishment by subtracting the

costs for construction work subcontracted to others from

the value of construction work.

Duplication in value of business between other construction and nonconstruction industries results from the use of

products of these other industries as input materials by

construction establishments. ‘‘Value added’’ avoids this

duplication and is, for most purposes, the best measure for

comparing the relative economic importance of industries

or areas. ‘‘Value added’’ is defined in the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries as equal to dollar value of business

done less costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and payments for materials, components, supplies,

and fuels.

SPECIAL TABULATIONS

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1992 Census

of Construction Industries may be obtained on computer

tape or in tabular form. The data will be in summary form

and subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of

confidential information (including name, address, kind of

business, or other data for individual business establishments or companies) as are the regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact and detailed

specifications of the type and format of the data to be

provided, should be directed to the Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233.

To discuss a special tabulation before submitting specifications, call 301-457-4680.

COMPARABILITY OF CENSUS OF

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES DATA WITH

OTHER DATA

Data contained in the reports of the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries are not the same as the data

published in the Census Bureau’s monthly Construction

Reports, Series C30, Value of New Construction Put in

Place. The main difference is that the C30 series covers all

new construction put in place without regard to who is

performing the construction activity; whereas, the construction census figures cover both new construction and

maintenance and repair work done by establishments

classified in the construction industry. Significant amounts

of construction are done by establishments classified

outside of construction (in real estate, manufacturing,

utilities, and communications, for example), both as ‘‘force

account’’ construction and construction done for others. In

addition, the value in place series includes constructionrelated expenses such as architectural and engineering

costs and the costs of materials supplied by owners which

are normally not reflected in the census of construction

industries.

Data contained in the reports of the census of construction industries may also differ from industry data in ‘‘Employment and Earnings Statistics,’’ published by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics and ‘‘Statistics of Income,’’ published by

the Internal Revenue Service. These differences arise

from varying definitions of scope, coverage, timing, classification, and methodology.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used in

this publication:

* Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

** Represents the sum of all employees during

pay periods including 12th of March, May,

August, and November, divided by 4.

- Represents zero.

† Represents value of construction work less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others. (See Duplication in Value of Construction Work.)

†† Represents dollar value of business done less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and costs for materials, components,

supplies, and fuels. In 1987, for SIC 1531, land

receipts were collected as a component of

dollar value of business and, therefore, were

subtracted from this value. (See Duplication in

Value of Construction Work.)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

(NA) Not available.

(S) Withheld because estimate did not meet publication standards on the basis of either the

response rate, associated relative standard

error, or a consistency review.

(X) Not applicable.

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

n.s.k. Not specified by kind.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION IX
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Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report

by Table Number

Statistics For the

United States By State

By

employment

size

By

size class of dollar value of business done

By type, class,

kind of business,

and location of

construction1

By

specialization

in types of

construction

Assets and depreciation (gross book value):

Beginning of year—buildings, machinery, and

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

End of year—total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

End of year—buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . 3

Depreciation charges during year—

buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Capital expenditures:

Total capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

New buildings—machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . 3

Used buildings—machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . 3

Communication services, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Employees:

All employees—average number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers—average number . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 9 1, 9

Construction workers—quarterly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 9 9

Other employees—average number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Other employees—quarterly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Establishments—number in business during year . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 1, 9 5 6 8

Fringe benefits—legally required and voluntary

expenditures .................................. 2

Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Materials, components, supplies, and fuels—costs for . . 1, 2 1 5 6

Ownership—private or government owned . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Payroll:

First-quarter, all employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Annual:

All employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1

Other employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Power, fuels, and lubricants—costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Proprietors and working partners. . . . . . . . . . ......... 2

Ratios, selected industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 13

Receipts and value:

Dollar value of business done, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 11 5 6 11

Value of construction work, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10 1, 10 5 6 7, 10 8

For work subcontracted in from others . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2

Other business receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Net value of construction work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Value added. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Rental costs:

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1 5 6

For machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

For buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to buildings and other structures . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Subcontract work to others, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Note: Data for 1987 and earlier years are also available in some of these tables.

1

Type—buildings, roads, etc. Class—new construction; additions, alterations, or reconstruction; or maintenance and repair work.

X USERS’ GUIDE CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Contents

General Contractorsm

Residential Buildings,

Other Than Single-Family Houses

[Page numbers listed here omit the prefix that

appears as part of the number of each page]

Page

Introduction to the Economic Census III ...............................................

Census of Construction V ...........................................................

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report by Table Number X ..................

Summary of Findings ............................................................. 2

FIGURES

1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction 3 ............................

2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done 3 .............................

TABLES

Statistics for Establishments With Payroll

1. General Statistics by State: 1992 and 1987 4 ...................................

2. Detailed Statistics: 1992 and Earlier Census Years 6 .............................

3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation: 1992 and 1987 7 .................

4. Value of Inventories: 1992 and 1991 7 .........................................

5. Selected Statistics by Employment Size Class: 1992 and 1987 8 ..................

6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done: 1992 and

1987 ...................................................................... 8

7. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction: 1992 and 1987 9 ............

8. Selected Statistics by Specialization in Types of Construction: 1992 10 .............

9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment by State: 1992 11 .....................

10. Value of Construction Work by Location of Construction Work: 1992 and 1987 12 ...

11. Dollar Value of Business Done by Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987 13 ...... 12. Selected Industry Ratios: 1992 and 1987 14 ..................................... 13. Selected Industry Ratios by State: 1992 15 ......................................

Statistics for Establishments Without Payroll appear in the U.S. Industry

Summary Report.

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 ........................................................

B. Standard Industrial Classification Titles for Industry Groups and Industries B–1 ........

C. Geographic Divisions and States C–1 ..............................................

Publication Program Inside back cover ...................................................

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Summary of Findings

Establishments classified in this industry are primarily

engaged in the construction of apartments, apartmenttype condominiums, cooperatives, hotels, motels, and

dormitories (including new work, additions, alterations,

remodeling, and repair). For additional examples, refer to

the Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC)

published by the Office of Management and Budget,

Executive Office of the President.

During 1992, the establishments with paid employees

classified in this industry accounted for $8.0 billion in total

dollar value of business. Of this amount, $7.8 billion were

for the value of construction work. These establishments

paid out $1.9 billion for materials, components, and supplies and $3.5 billion for construction work subcontracted

to others. Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants

for the industry were $71.0 million. Value added for 1992

was $2.5 billion.

There were 6,490 establishments with total employment

averaging 48,803 during the year. Total payroll for 1992

was $1.2 billion.

Larger establishments with 20 employees or more,

while representing only 8 percent of the total number of

employer establishments in this industry accounted for 53

percent of all business done.

A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is defined as a relatively

permanent office, or other place of business, where the

usual business activities related to construction are conducted. A separate census report was required from each

sampled establishment covering domestic operations. Separate reports were not, however, required for each project or

construction site.

For 1987 and earlier censuses, receipts from the sale of

land were collected separately for general contractors and

operative builders. These receipts were included in the

total dollar value of business done but excluded from the

value of construction work done. For 1992, receipts from

the sale of land were not collected separately but are still

excluded from the value of construction work done. All

dollar values are shown in current dollars for the years

specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

The data in this report are estimated from a sample

survey and are subject to sampling variability as well as

errors of response and nonreporting. The relative standard

error shown in the tables is a measure of sampling

variability. Descriptions of the sampling, estimating procedures, and data reliability are included in the introduction.

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

2–2 RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
Figure 2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done

(Percent)

1992

1987

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. 2–3

Figure 1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction

(Percent)

1992

1987

Payroll, all employees

 Materials, components, and supplies

 Construction work subcontracted

 out to others

 Rental costs for machinery,

 equipment, and buildings

Selected purchased services:

 Communication repairs to buildings,

 machinery, and equipment

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants

Apartment buildings with two or more

units, including rentals, apartment–type

 condominiums, and cooperatives

Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins

Other residential buildings

Single–family houses

Other commercial buildings such

as stores, restaurants, and

automobile service stations

Industrial buildings and warehouses

Office buildings

56.0

47.6

14.4

14.5

7.5

11.7

5.3

6.0

3.0

3.4

2.9

3.1

2.7

4.3

14.6

 12.9

 24.3

20.6

44.0

51.9

0.9

0.6

0.8

0.7

0.8

0.5
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Table 1. General Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

1992

Employees** Payroll

Number of

establish- ments AllConstruction workersAll employeesConstruction workers

Valueof construction work

Net

valueof construction work†

Value added††

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies, and fuels

AB C D E FGH I

United States 6 ------------------------ 490 48 803 35 107 1 160 562 717 595 7 834 956 4 337 918 2 453 669 2 003 300

Alabama 60 ------------------------------------- 709 556 13 007 8 401 95 730 51 181 24 558 27 314

Alaska 6 --------------------------------------- 242 190 8 537 5 698 36 728 26 226 22 113 4 394

Arizona 55 -------------------------------------- 540 384 8 857 4 929 66 307 37 850 23 030 15 241

Arkansas 34 ------------------------------------- 333 192 6 356 3 518 58 054 29 554 (S) 20 682

California 963 ------------------------------------- 6 301 4 630 144 755 92 554 1 073 011 614 677 329 950 296 374

Colorado 85 ------------------------------------- 729 494 17 481 9 519 96 312 48 320 28 676 22 811

Connecticut 69 ----------------------------------- 276 216 6 373 3 840 49 096 27 541 14 235 13 642

Delaware 21 ------------------------------------- 217 152 (D) 2 765 15 074 (D) 7 882 (D)

District of Columbia *13 --------------------------- *50 *39 505 324 2 229 1 992 1 647 *345

Florida 325 --------------------------------------- 4 079 2 654 86 423 44 251 685 919 317 175 189 985 159 677

Georgia 115 -------------------------------------- 1 389 798 30 000 18 557 234 518 127 609 69 322 59 525

Hawaii 47 --------------------------------------- 2 696 2 056 98 415 70 568 569 705 (D) 169 016 (D)

Idaho 23 ---------------------------------------- 122 *76 2 440 1 177 24 810 13 470 4 661 *8 869

Illinois 305 ---------------------------------------- 1 595 1 103 43 240 25 236 280 342 148 621 87 584 62 246

Indiana 236 --------------------------------------- 1 083 743 19 862 13 074 127 589 75 569 47 013 30 430

Iowa 67 ----------------------------------------- 322 232 5 523 3 785 *52 020 18 242 18 862 5 049

Kansas 53 --------------------------------------- 560 481 12 966 9 114 64 641 41 628 20 875 21 133

Kentucky 68 ------------------------------------- 577 478 10 540 7 524 61 334 41 035 23 563 17 612

Louisiana 72 ------------------------------------- 458 332 9 387 5 869 39 988 29 491 18 512 11 250

Maine 46 ---------------------------------------- 116 95 1 457 980 8 749 6 616 3 854 3 026

Maryland 185 ------------------------------------- 1 117 754 27 252 13 594 187 961 81 586 60 852 23 169

Massachusetts 168 -------------------------------- 782 550 21 315 13 311 111 335 71 027 42 173 31 599

Michigan 197 ------------------------------------- 1 342 924 27 306 16 854 195 818 120 280 65 905 56 686

Minnesota 64 ------------------------------------ 429 283 11 161 5 629 111 698 42 298 22 925 19 462

Mississippi 37 ------------------------------------ 416 349 5 412 4 022 29 203 20 177 12 498 7 679

Missouri 170 -------------------------------------- 900 (S) 18 125 10 882 (S) (S) (D) 47 432

Montana 41 ------------------------------------- 167 138 2 458 1 833 19 207 12 722 7 271 5 451

Nebraska 48 ------------------------------------- 396 318 6 796 4 786 33 633 23 372 17 173 7 038

Nevada 59 -------------------------------------- 880 702 31 622 24 792 287 459 105 060 52 301 53 976

New Hampshire 26 ------------------------------- 115 88 3 315 1 868 *11 333 8 019 7 313 1 384

New Jersey 213 ----------------------------------- 1 438 1 072 44 818 26 770 249 688 175 532 106 392 71 674

New Mexico 28 ---------------------------------- *134 93 1 734 1 332 11 012 7 687 3 137 *4 745

New York 791 ------------------------------------ 5 273 3 721 134 785 81 135 830 709 482 065 277 090 214 158

North Carolina 69 -------------------------------- 587 432 10 654 6 502 62 890 38 510 19 877 19 119

North Dakota *19 --------------------------------- 221 171 4 134 2 366 21 886 14 802 8 042 6 776

Ohio 222 ----------------------------------------- 1 642 1 163 43 213 21 796 239 739 125 916 76 021 60 672

Oklahoma 22 ------------------------------------ 121 101 1 714 1 395 9 770 7 033 4 543 2 490

Oregon 148 -------------------------------------- 947 726 24 080 17 207 117 189 64 013 38 951 29 224

Pennsylvania 185 --------------------------------- 1 377 977 (D) 19 464 228 035 137 158 (S) 58 305

Rhode Island 49 --------------------------------- 135 100 2 654 1 711 18 650 10 964 7 931 4 144

South Carolina 72 -------------------------------- 422 294 9 441 5 369 (S) 30 405 16 531 14 052

South Dakota 37 --------------------------------- 284 211 5 588 3 550 44 698 25 061 11 897 13 410

Tennessee 80 ----------------------------------- 848 641 15 528 9 541 121 928 66 958 31 567 35 552

Texas 255 ---------------------------------------- 2 357 1 745 48 937 29 691 431 541 235 859 132 976 103 593

Utah 43 ----------------------------------------- 210 150 3 349 2 428 17 197 11 408 *6 612 6 209

Vermont *11 -------------------------------------- *22 *21 *463 *449 *1 499 *1 384 (D) (D)

Virginia 167 --------------------------------------- 1 345 960 27 651 17 363 204 247 117 718 65 826 53 803

Washington 220 ----------------------------------- 1 236 937 27 785 20 359 200 587 126 482 59 653 68 868

West Virginia *28 --------------------------------- *84 *75 *1 095 *906 *5 526 *4 667 *2 681 *2 139

Wisconsin 158 ------------------------------------ 1 118 843 25 083 17 881 155 174 95 779 43 145 55 629

Wyoming *13 ------------------------------------- *67 *58 *1 525 *1 131 *6 148 *3 350 *2 643 767

2–4nnRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Location

of

establishment

1992mCon. 1987

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to othersValue of construction work subcontracted in from othersRental

cost for machinery,

equipment,

and buildings

Capital

expenditures, other than land

End-of-year

gross

book value of depreciable assets

All employees**

Value of construction work

Value added††

J K L M N O P Q BGM

3 497 038 336 678 61 732 51 654 487 125 81 708 13 315 544 3 658 560 2 2 6 U.S.

44 550 4 254 1 100 (S) (S) 532 85 780 24 498 11 8 (S) AL

10 502 – 339 905 1 531 185 29 761 9 926 (Z) (Z) (Z) AK

28 456 *1 665 494 (S) 1 775 1 278 381 213 64 659 10 17 (S) AZ

28 500 39 251 656 5 408 419 54 947 23 019 10 10 10 AR

458 334 71 425 7 258 7 751 43 935 10 971 2 011 150 560 032 4 4 14 CA

47 992 *3 134 692 1 076 3 446 987 251 154 52 584 14 13 19 CO

21 555 1 862 467 136 *5 619 1 540 304 677 103 462 21 19 23 CT

(D) 48 (S) 163 (D) 510 48 994 15 676 4 (D) (Z) DE

*237 23 3 – (S) (S) (S) (S) 60 31 – DC

368 744 28 190 4 809 3 065 18 730 6 936 1 042 664 248 104 8 6 31 FL

106 908 6 311 1 807 (S) (S) 1 842 266 475 88 981 9 12 (S) GA

(D) 8 127 7 847 4 122 (D) 2 621 627 441 129 294 3 (D) 4 HI

11 340 (S) *433 *145 415 (S) (S) (S) 39 35 66 ID

131 721 2 516 1 708 2 195 23 893 2 489 355 627 94 023 9 8 31 IL

52 020 (S) (S) *627 8 528 1 574 210 382 57 419 15 17 74 IN

*33 778 (S) *207 202 *5 801 472 59 658 15 625 23 20 11 IA

23 013 (S) 482 621 (S) 460 86 522 13 296 9 12 32 KS

20 299 294 428 *509 2 697 990 105 280 36 244 17 18 46 KY

10 496 (S) 718 230 3 713 658 77 240 22 880 18 12 24 LA

2 133 538 68 *86 408 787 103 294 33 702 28 27 56 ME

106 374 3 683 1 279 1 058 10 251 2 373 380 352 118 978 11 6 22 MD

40 308 *5 284 *1 801 *1 479 14 152 3 985 885 953 210 180 14 12 61 MA

75 538 *28 660 1 393 830 7 516 1 802 213 441 74 627 11 12 35 MI

69 401 870 273 320 4 246 1 022 277 994 69 102 7 5 12 MN

9 026 *311 *180 *268 *2 127 436 66 271 18 085 31 29 46 MS

(S) 834 1 059 982 (S) 1 271 205 348 46 160 18 (S) 39 MO

6 485 460 (S) *231 1 091 160 32 855 *9 678 30 22 74 MT

10 261 (S) *220 *482 *3 455 176 27 567 5 199 27 26 50 NE

182 399 7 336 1 602 990 12 885 676 236 989 32 744 7 6 32 NV

*3 315 408 *208 *250 *3 110 1 232 143 207 50 741 27 34 63 NH

74 156 *21 429 2 711 *947 23 535 2 477 336 878 113 019 10 9 64 NJ

*3 325 (S) *114 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) 40 35 (S) NM

348 643 24 306 7 519 5 699 46 798 6 378 943 638 321 663 6 6 17 NY

24 380 2 236 467 (S) 3 701 2 492 327 687 86 421 14 15 (S) NC

7 083 *389 *185 256 2 174 307 52 419 17 193 22 18 35 ND

113 824 7 531 2 272 2 390 18 168 3 447 437 647 148 958 9 10 13 OH

2 738 *133 29 73 1 168 250 28 203 *9 023 34 18 23 OK

53 175 (S) 442 *1 400 5 789 837 96 020 22 586 25 13 50 OR

90 877 (S) (S) (S) (S) 3 113 294 118 115 171 10 11 (S) PA

*7 686 2 611 *360 *335 2 237 352 84 692 18 048 30 26 50 RI

(S) (S) 491 (S) *3 715 1 300 199 197 36 859 20 22 (S) SC

19 637 (S) *383 *307 *4 992 329 55 778 16 850 28 28 66 SD

54 970 *3 352 905 827 6 930 1 954 400 517 95 792 20 12 39 TN

195 681 *29 402 2 478 2 139 16 808 3 049 476 460 126 529 7 8 17 TX

5 789 *798 127 483 1 285 283 32 014 15 853 29 19 22 UT

(S) – (S) *102 (S) 409 45 988 13 201 50 62 67 VT

86 529 *8 645 1 434 *534 7 217 2 421 340 988 88 372 10 32 44 VA

74 105 8 685 1 513 1 728 24 639 1 586 258 313 79 291 10 13 33 WA

*860 (S) (S) – (S) 302 25 915 8 993 47 63 – WV

59 395 4 603 935 *1 902 *22 488 1 694 266 351 76 619 15 17 44 WI

(S) – *32 – (S) *107 10 690 4 076 68 55 – WY

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn2–5
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Table 2. Detailed Statistics for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and Earlier Census Years

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of

estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1982 1977 1992 1987 1982 1977

Number of establishments in business during year 6 -------------------------------------------------- 490 8 143 7 464 4 775 3 2 1 3

Proprietors and working partners ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 177 1 545 1 121 2 122 5 7 6 6

All employees** --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 803 81 708 62 702 55 589 2 1 1 1

Construction workers:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 802 60 123 49 370 40 564 2 2 1 1

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 735 61 354 49 973 45 565 2 2 1 1

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 607 64 437 50 094 49 938 2 1 1 1

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 284 59 098 48 695 46 614 2 2 1 1

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 107 61 245 50 089 45 707 2 1 1 1

Other employees:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 909 19 813 12 598 9 208 2 2 1 2

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 789 20 593 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 525 21 095 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 561 20 315 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 696 20 462 (NA) (NA) 2 1 (NA) (NA)

Payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 160 562 1 751 693 1 077 525 646 375 1 1 1 1

Payroll, construction workers-------------------------------------------------------------------- 717 595 1 130 329 759 607 484 890 2 1 1 1

Payroll, other employees ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 442 967 621 364 317 917 161 485 2 1 1 2

First-quarter payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------- 272 454 398 783 258 097 135 285 3 1 1 1

Fringe benefits, all employees -------------------------------------------------------------------- 271 248 354 377 201 018 119 442 2 1 1 1

Legally required expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------- 212 168 264 878 147 823 74 468 2 2 1 1

Voluntary expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59 081 89 499 53 194 44 974 3 2 1 1

Dollar value of business done--------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 954 007 13 592 992 7 953 314 4 514 747 2 1 1 1

Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 834 956 13 315 544 7 846 146 4 442 110 2 1 1 1

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others 336 ---------------------------------------- 678 707 613 291 813 110 648 10 6 (NA) (NA)

Other business receipts ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 119 051 277 448 107 167 72 637 5 5 2 5

Net value of construction work†------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 337 918 6 257 443 3 570 085 2 202 760 2 1 1 1

Value added†† ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 453 669 3 658 560 1 950 601 1 144 584 2 1 1 1

Selected costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 500 338 9 934 432 6 002 712 3 370 163 2 1 1 1

Materials, components, and supplies ------------------------------------------------------------ 1 932 265 2 796 294 1 659 617 1 084 421 2 2 1 1

Construction work subcontracted out to others 3 --------------------------------------------------- 497 038 7 058 100 4 276 061 2 239 350 2 2 1 1

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants ------------------------------------------------------------ 71 035 80 036 67 033 46 392 3 2 1 2

Electricity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 056 19 832 26 954 10 100 4 2 1 4

Natural and manufactured gas ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 023 2 867 3 063 4 350 5 4 3 2

Gasoline and diesel fuel---------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 389 52 123 31 850 22 312 4 2 2 2

On highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 968 46 602 (NA) (NA) 4 2 (NA) (NA)

Off highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 422 5 521 (NA) (NA) 9 4 (NA) (NA)

Other, including lubricating oils and greases 3 ---------------------------------------------------- 566 5 213 5 165 9 629 10 4 4 2

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 61 ------------------------------------------------ 732 94 009 54 779 34 448 4 2 1 1 For machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 710 60 878 41 837 28 570 5 3 1 1 For buildings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 022 33 131 12 942 5 878 5 3 2 2

Selected purchased services --------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 478 73 069 47 462 33 389 4 2 1 2 Communication services------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 918 31 584 19 252 14 717 7 2 2 2 Repairs to buildings and other structures--------------------------------------------------------- 3 317 4 827 3 711 4 291 7 8 5 11 Repairs to machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------ 28 243 36 658 24 499 14 381 4 3 2 2

Ownership of construction projects: Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 834 956 13 315 544 7 846 146 4 442 110 2 1 1 1 Government owned-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 483 444 1 580 470 1 220 146 1 009 153 4 3 3 1 Federal----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 546 139 578 916 (NA) (NA) 6 5 (NA) (NA)

State and local ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 937 305 1 001 554 (NA) (NA) 6 3 (NA) (NA)

Privately owned ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 351 512 11 735 073 6 626 000 3 432 597 4 2 1 1

2–6nnRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
TIPS [UPF] BATCH_77 [CENOP,S_HOSTETTER] MCD-CMCB 4/ 24/ 95 1:24 PM MACHINE: EPCV20 DATA:S_HO_T1.DAT;1 4/ 24/ 95 13:22:00 TAPE: NOreel FRAME: 4

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Table 3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation for Establishments With Payroll:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of estimate

(percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 457 -------------------------------------------- 704 636 639 5 3 Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 51 654 92 709 6 4 New ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 923 68 086 6 4 Used --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 731 24 622 9 6 Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 22 ------------------------------------------------- 233 66 164 19 5

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 487 ------------------------------------------------- 125 663 184 5 3

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 443 76 844 6 4

Buildings and Other Structures, Additions, and Related Facilities

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 103 -------------------------------------------- 889 206 835 14 9

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 7 757 22 191 14 8

New buildings and other structures ------------------------------------------------------------ 6 191 12 633 17 9

Used buildings and other structures------------------------------------------------------------ 1 565 9 557 15 13

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets *7 ------------------------------------------------- 014 18 095 56 14

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 104 ------------------------------------------------- 632 210 932 11 9

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 439 15 059 12 4

Machinery and Equipment

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 353 -------------------------------------------- 815 429 803 5 2

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 43 898 70 517 6 4

New machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 35 --------------------------------- 732 55 453 7 5

New automobiles and trucks, intended primarily for highway use 13 -------------------------------- 300 28 623 13 5

Used machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 8 -------------------------------- 166 15 064 10 6

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 15 ------------------------------------------------- 218 48 069 11 3

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 382 ------------------------------------------------- 494 452 252 5 2

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 004 61 785 6 5

Table 4. Value of Inventories for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1991

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item Establishments with payroll

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent)

All establishments:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 490 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 834 956 2

Establishments with inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 342 4

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 734 946 4

Inventories1:

End of 1992, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 25 230 18

End of 1991, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 25 509 16

Establishments with no inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 713 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 202 608 2

Establishments not reporting:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 435 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 897 401 2

1Inventories at cost or market prior to any adjustment to correct to LIFO values.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn2–7
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Table 5. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Employment Size Class:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with an average ofm

Total

1 to 4

employees

5 to 9

employees

10 to 19

employees

20 to 49

employees

50 to 99

employees

100 to 249

employees

250 to 499

employees

500 to 999

employees

1,000

employees

or more

1992

Number of establishments 6 --------------------------- 490 4 018 1 304 675 385 71 28 5 3 1

All employees** 48 ------------------------------------ 803 7 508 8 162 8 778 10 974 4 674 3 841 1 568 3 299 (D)

Payroll, all employees 1 ------------------------------- 160 562 137 452 168 130 203 580 286 743 118 840 93 855 51 520 100 442 (D)

Dollar value of business done 7 ------------------------ 954 007 1 155 990 1 060 164 1 531 326 1 961 700 659 796 617 118 340 775 627 139 (D)

Value of construction work 7 --------------------------- 834 956 1 142 145 1 046 725 1 513 570 1 934 243 651 496 603 207 338 097 605 473 (D)

Net value of construction work† 4 ---------------------- 337 918 755 838 644 839 793 477 974 687 378 723 286 994 173 161 330 198 (D)

Value added†† 2 -------------------------------------- 453 669 403 914 371 936 445 869 571 534 229 783 167 318 75 379 187 936 (D)

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels 2 ----- 003 300 365 769 286 343 365 364 430 610 157 240 133 587 100 460 163 928 (D)

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others 3 -- 497 038 386 307 401 885 720 093 959 556 272 773 316 213 164 936 275 275 (D)

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 61 ---- 732 10 450 9 188 11 816 12 448 5 773 3 995 8 061 (D) (D)

Capital expenditures, other than land 51 ------------------ 654 7 513 9 378 8 002 11 550 4 962 3 073 7 176 (D) (D)

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 487 ---- 125 94 219 79 611 83 121 110 144 35 821 22 870 61 340 (D) (D)

1987

All employees** 81 ------------------------------------ 708 8 854 11 343 13 790 19 839 10 211 9 184 5 316 3 167 (D)

Value of construction work 13 --------------------------- 315 544 1 223 349 1 487 680 2 036 435 3 280 403 2 054 702 1 807 609 1 425 363 (D) (D)

Value added†† 3 -------------------------------------- 658 560 400 766 449 433 624 506 868 646 494 138 499 708 321 360 (D) (D)

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR OF

ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 ------------------------------------ 5 6 5 4 4 (Z) (Z) (Z) (D)

Net value of construction work† 2 ---------------------- 7 6 5 3 2 (Z) (Z) (Z) (D)

Capital expenditures, other than land 6 ------------------ 19 17 13 10 1 (Z) (Z) (D) (D)

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

Table 6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done for

Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with dollar value of business done

Total

Less than

$25,000

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

to

$99,999

$100,000

to

$249,999

$250,000

to

$499,999

$500,000

to

$999,999

$1,000,000

to

$2,499,999

$2,500,000

to

$4,999,999

$5,000,000

to

$9,999,999

$10,000,000

or more

1992

Number of establishments 6 ------------------ 490 (S) (S) 791 1 348 1 232 889 711 291 204 123 All employees** 48 --------------------------- 803 (S) (S) 1 186 3 949 5 667 5 913 8 299 5 814 6 223 10 855 Payroll, all employees 1 ---------------------- 160 562 (S) (S) 16 238 54 616 95 553 118 017 189 252 142 163 176 877 359 672 Dollar value of business done 7 --------------- 954 007 (S) (S) 59 683 223 972 432 275 609 889 1 077 740 1 040 606 1 389 902 3 096 612 Value of construction work 7 ------------------ 834 956 (S) (S) 59 108 220 618 424 856 601 720 1 060 939 1 027 302 1 368 135 3 049 221 Net value of construction work† 4 ------------- 337 918 (S) (S) 50 353 178 660 326 756 417 299 684 514 588 563 695 680 1 377 070

Value added†† 2 ----------------------------- 453 669 (S) (S) 30 994 105 784 195 827 237 877 387 531 334 418 395 736 753 979 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and

fuels 2 ------------------------------------- 003 300 (S) (S) 19 934 76 230 138 348 187 591 313 782 267 448 321 712 670 482 Cost of construction work subcontracted out

to others 3 --------------------------------- 497 038 (S) (S) (S) 41 958 98 100 184 421 376 426 438 740 672 454 1 672 151 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and

buildings 61 --------------------------------- 732 (S) (S) 504 3 269 5 942 6 320 10 002 9 407 8 449 17 585 Capital expenditures, other than land 51 --------- 654 (S) (S) 422 3 142 5 810 4 379 11 338 7 724 5 407 13 347 End-of-year gross book value of depreciable

assets 487 ----------------------------------- 125 (S) (S) 6 139 34 486 39 067 51 919 101 278 70 372 51 638 129 184

1987

All employees** 81 --------------------------- 708 (S) (S) (S) 5 878 7 270 8 351 15 213 9 773 8 973 23 688

Value of construction work 13 ------------------ 315 544 (S) (S) (S) 314 711 494 606 656 984 1 737 500 1 514 659 1 865 065 6 648 436

Value added†† 3 ----------------------------- 658 560 (S) (S) (S) 138 399 218 570 280 059 598 267 465 918 487 124 1 426 796

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR

OF ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 --------------------------- (S) (S) 10 8 7 7 6 5 3 1

Net value of construction work† 2 ------------- (S) (S) 9 7 6 7 6 6 7 1

Capital expenditures, other than land 6 --------- (S) (S) 39 25 25 21 15 8 5 1

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

2–8nnRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 7. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Type of

Construction: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Type of construction

Value of construction work

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent) for columnm

Total

New

construction

Additions,

alterations, or

reconstruction

Maintenance

and repair

A B C DABC D

1992

Value of construction work 7 -------------------------------------------- 834 956 4 677 785 2 427 709 524 448 2 2 3 5

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 7 534 116 4 588 564 2 423 864 521 688 2 2 3 5

Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 417 672 249 075 131 199 37 398 5 6 7 15

Single-family houses, detached 275 ---------------------------------------------- 144 150 042 96 801 28 301 6 7 9 19

Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 142 528 99 032 34 398 9 097 7 10 9 16

Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives 4 ---------------------------------------------- 389 496 2 627 355 1 420 972 341 169 3 4 3 6

Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 1 ------------- 715 621 1 090 000 538 634 86 987 3 3 6 11

Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 1 -------------------------------------------- 129 016 862 363 241 169 25 483 3 3 11 10

Other residential buildings 586 --------------------------------------------------- 605 227 637 297 465 61 503 6 9 8 16

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 211 913 109 136 84 271 18 506 4 2 6 23

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 236 955 139 526 81 314 16 116 4 4 7 31

Industrial buildings and warehouses 227 -------------------------------------------- 982 154 139 62 558 11 285 5 6 8 11

Industrial buildings ---------------------------------------------------------- 183 064 125 189 49 235 8 639 4 5 10 14

Warehouses --------------------------------------------------------------- 44 919 28 949 13 323 2 646 17 26 6 13

Educational buildings --------------------------------------------------------- 137 649 92 172 40 012 5 465 3 3 7 18

Hospitals and institutional buildings 70 --------------------------------------------- 068 31 444 36 930 1 694 6 7 9 18

Amusement, social, and recreational buildings, indoors 59 --------------------------- 720 51 476 7 808 436 3 3 11 19

Other nonresidential buildings 67 -------------------------------------------------- 041 44 243 20 166 2 632 8 11 12 27

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 95 826 89 221 *3 845 2 760 5 4 48 20

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 205 013 (NA) (NA) (NA) 7 (NA) (NA) (NA)

1987

Value of construction work 13 -------------------------------------------- 315 544 9 899 515 2 505 802 468 066 1 2 2 6

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 12 657 587 9 806 138 2 395 562 455 886 1 2 3 12 Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 793 845 623 463 148 383 21 998 3 3 6 9 Single-family houses, detached 550 ---------------------------------------------- 459 410 225 121 923 18 310 3 3 7 10 Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 243 385 213 238 26 459 3 688 6 7 8 18 Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives 6 ---------------------------------------------- 337 325 5 032 530 1 036 343 268 451 2 2 4 19 Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 3 ------------- 498 516 2 674 785 719 296 104 434 2 2 5 8 Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 1 -------------------------------------------- 935 923 1 645 952 260 770 29 200 2 2 6 8 Other residential buildings 1 --------------------------------------------------- 562 592 1 028 832 458 526 75 233 4 4 7 11 Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 568 310 408 123 145 278 14 908 2 2 6 10

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 458 515 344 167 100 703 13 643 2 3 3 9

Industrial buildings and warehouses 411 -------------------------------------------- 569 323 904 72 517 15 147 2 2 4 10

Industrial buildings ---------------------------------------------------------- 274 948 210 470 53 238 11 239 2 2 4 13

Warehouses --------------------------------------------------------------- 136 620 113 433 19 278 3 908 3 3 9 9

Educational buildings --------------------------------------------------------- 192 030 133 492 53 511 5 026 1 1 2 11

Hospitals and institutional buildings 226 --------------------------------------------- 390 147 742 73 749 4 897 2 2 2 29

Amusement, social, and recreational buildings, indoors 65 --------------------------- 801 52 955 12 221 624 7 7 20 38

Other nonresidential buildings 105 -------------------------------------------------- 286 64 977 33 561 6 758 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 215 796 93 377 110 240 12 179 4 6 2 11

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 442 159 (NA) (NA) (NA) 2 (NA) (NA) (NA)

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn2–9
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Table 8. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Specialization in Types of

Construction: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. This table presents selected statistics for establishments according to degree of specialization in major types of construction

work. If number of establishments or value of construction work for a given type of specialization are relatively insignificant, data may not be shown. In addition, data are not shown in this table

where distribution of the value of construction work by type of construction was not provided in table 7. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms,

see appendix A]

Item

Value of construction work Relative standard error

of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Number of

establishmentsAll

employees**

Payroll, all

employees

For

all types

For

specialized

type

Net

value of

construction

work†

Value

added††

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

A B C D E F G HBDH

All establishments 6 -------------------------------- 490 48 803 1 160 562 7 834 956 5 775 409 4 337 918 2 453 669 3 497 038 2 2 2

Establishments not specializing by type 533 ---------------------- 4 605 121 230 853 403 (NA) 427 230 242 073 426 173 6 5 6 Establishments specializing 51 percent or more 5 --------------- 957 44 198 1 039 332 6 981 553 5 775 409 3 910 688 2 211 595 3 070 865 2 2 2

APARTMENT BUILDINGS WITH TWO OR MORE

UNITS, INCLUDING RENTALS, APARTMENT-TYPE

CONDOMINIUMS, AND COOPERATIVES

All establishments specializing in type 3 ------------- 877 30 029 701 647 4 887 966 4 130 863 2 719 328 1 526 801 2 168 638 2 2 3

Establishments with m 100 percent specialization 1 -------------------------------- 712 12 742 285 465 2 081 512 2 081 512 1 208 007 689 049 873 505 3 5 5 90 to 99 percent specialization 488 ---------------------------- 3 401 76 413 575 347 537 706 308 458 148 189 266 889 8 7 7 80 to 89 percent specialization 290 ---------------------------- 3 041 75 943 494 915 411 905 254 962 141 057 239 953 5 6 6 70 to 79 percent specialization 503 ---------------------------- 4 097 102 355 650 486 481 646 385 394 236 010 265 092 6 5 5 60 to 69 percent specialization 432 ---------------------------- 3 090 71 941 421 126 261 342 251 254 148 547 169 872 10 7 8 51 to 59 percent specialization 452 ---------------------------- 3 658 89 530 664 580 356 751 311 254 163 948 353 327 8 6 5

HOTELS, MOTELS, AND TOURIST CABINS

All establishments specializing in type 414 ------------- 6 616 191 311 1 283 960 935 846 636 866 352 807 647 094 4 3 5

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 167 -------------------------------- 1 348 31 104 276 638 276 638 136 941 81 978 139 697 5 9 13

90 to 99 percent specialization 44 ---------------------------- 587 18 268 117 672 111 198 58 291 40 038 59 381 17 23 35

80 to 89 percent specialization 9 ---------------------------- 450 18 195 (D) (D) 31 293 5 579 (D) 3 (D) (D)

70 to 79 percent specialization 57 ---------------------------- 675 15 561 (D) (D) 41 818 30 022 (D) 19 (D) (D)

60 to 69 percent specialization 64 ---------------------------- 904 21 361 137 896 87 355 103 111 49 351 34 784 14 6 8

51 to 59 percent specialization 72 ---------------------------- 2 652 86 821 495 916 254 441 265 412 145 839 230 504 4 3 5

OTHER RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

All establishments specializing in type 1 ------------- 214 5 359 109 475 625 096 524 168 431 571 250 837 193 525 6 6 7

Establishments with m 100 percent specialization 877 -------------------------------- 3 282 63 565 311 311 311 311 237 455 131 820 73 857 8 8 8 90 to 99 percent specialization 64 ---------------------------- 505 10 840 49 296 46 284 32 243 21 067 17 052 29 27 36 80 to 89 percent specialization 35 ---------------------------- *92 *1 050 8 463 7 160 7 698 *4 122 766 47 32 32 70 to 79 percent specialization 90 ---------------------------- 464 10 021 77 532 55 662 40 345 20 698 37 187 24 29 26 60 to 69 percent specialization 89 ---------------------------- 649 12 773 103 312 64 194 74 154 50 046 29 159 13 12 10 51 to 59 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 367 11 226 75 181 39 558 39 677 23 083 35 504 16 10 8

2–10nnRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment for Establishments With Payroll by

State: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Construction workers1

Relative standard error of estimate (percent) for columnm Number of

establishments

Average

number of

construction

workers

January

to March

April

to June

July

to September

October

to December

A B C D E FABCDE F

United States 6 ----------- 490 35 107 33 802 36 735 36 607 33 284 3 2 2 2 2 2

Alabama 60 ------------------------ 556 687 583 528 427 21 12 16 11 15 17 Alaska 6 -------------------------- 190 167 234 193 167 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Arizona 55 ------------------------- 384 417 434 367 318 29 12 12 12 12 12 Arkansas 34 ----------------------- 192 174 199 200 194 25 13 17 13 10 11 California 963 ----------------------- 4 630 4 788 5 029 4 851 3 852 6 4 5 5 5 5

Colorado 85 ------------------------ 494 444 463 549 519 21 14 15 13 13 15 Connecticut 69 --------------------- 216 227 201 237 200 21 25 27 22 26 25 Delaware 21 ----------------------- 152 150 154 166 136 27 4 (Z) 4 10 (Z)

District of Columbia *13 -------------- *39 *72 *32 *40 *12 58 58 73 47 56 63 Florida 325 -------------------------- 2 654 2 587 2 537 2 650 2 843 11 8 8 8 8 11

Georgia 115 ------------------------- 798 722 883 814 774 17 12 14 10 13 15 Hawaii 47 -------------------------- 2 056 2 161 2 053 2 003 2 008 24 3 1 2 4 7 Idaho 23 --------------------------- *76 *72 *90 *76 *64 36 40 42 40 40 42 Illinois 305 -------------------------- 1 103 1 094 1 145 1 169 1 006 12 9 8 9 10 9 Indiana 236 ------------------------- 743 664 679 818 810 15 17 17 17 18 19

Iowa 67 ---------------------------- 232 207 264 240 216 25 23 21 27 22 28 Kansas 53 ------------------------- 481 428 534 533 428 29 9 10 9 7 9 Kentucky 68 ------------------------ 478 423 540 498 451 23 18 18 17 20 18 Louisiana 72 ----------------------- 332 357 310 348 312 24 18 16 16 17 29 Maine 46 -------------------------- 95 78 90 136 75 34 33 37 33 36 36

Maryland 185 ------------------------ 754 554 702 790 971 15 13 11 11 12 22 Massachusetts 168 ------------------ 550 457 551 606 587 16 15 18 16 15 14 Michigan 197 ------------------------ 924 904 975 1 029 790 13 12 11 11 13 12 Minnesota 64 ----------------------- 283 230 327 323 250 22 7 5 9 9 5 Mississippi 37 ---------------------- 349 354 383 387 274 37 32 35 30 34 30

Missouri 170 ------------------------ (S) (S) (S) 559 (S) 18 (S) (S) (S) 20 (S) Montana 41 ------------------------ 138 121 *227 86 115 37 27 23 51 23 35 Nebraska 48 ----------------------- 318 254 362 351 304 31 27 24 27 26 33 Nevada 59 ------------------------- 702 591 658 791 769 23 7 8 9 6 5 New Hampshire 26 ----------------- 88 78 92 94 90 35 29 28 30 28 29

New Jersey 213 --------------------- 1 072 1 046 1 158 1 084 999 14 12 9 13 12 13 New Mexico 28 --------------------- 93 78 103 89 *103 39 39 39 33 34 60 New York 791 ----------------------- 3 721 3 233 3 803 3 940 3 909 8 6 6 6 6 7 North Carolina 69 ------------------- 432 444 460 420 404 22 16 14 17 16 17 North Dakota *19 -------------------- 171 143 202 172 165 43 21 20 24 22 18

Ohio 222 ---------------------------- 1 163 1 083 1 289 1 245 1 033 14 10 10 13 12 10

Oklahoma 22 ----------------------- 101 89 101 *124 *89 26 37 35 23 45 42

Oregon 148 ------------------------- 726 794 806 806 499 18 29 26 33 37 16

Pennsylvania 185 -------------------- 977 913 980 1 081 933 14 10 10 9 11 11

Rhode Island 49 -------------------- 100 83 108 109 98 27 31 36 29 30 30

South Carolina 72 ------------------ 294 263 298 310 306 25 19 19 20 19 19

South Dakota 37 ------------------- 211 201 243 204 197 32 32 33 28 36 34

Tennessee 80 ---------------------- 641 599 635 627 702 23 23 25 25 23 20

Texas 255 -------------------------- 1 745 1 855 1 897 1 851 1 378 13 7 6 8 8 8

Utah 43 ---------------------------- 150 154 133 177 135 31 29 32 26 32 25

Vermont *11 ------------------------ *21 (S) (S) *32 *31 69 53 (S) (S) 52 54

Virginia 167 ------------------------- 960 952 993 972 922 16 11 12 11 10 11

Washington 220 --------------------- 937 884 1 145 829 888 14 10 11 10 10 14

West Virginia *28 -------------------- *75 *37 *62 *105 *96 42 46 61 51 48 50

Wisconsin 158 ----------------------- 843 784 831 904 853 17 14 14 14 15 14

Wyoming *13 ------------------------ *58 (S) *49 *94 *40 52 69 (S) 73 65 65

1Construction workers during pay periods including 12th of March, May, August, and November.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn2–11
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Table 10. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Location of

Construction Work: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of construction work

1992

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Construction work done by

establishments located in

this State

Construction work done by

establishments not located

in this State

Value of

construction

work done in

this State Number

Value of

construction

work Number

Value of

construction

work

1987

value of

construction

work done in

this State

Percent

change

1987

(col F)

to

1992

(col A)

A B C D E F G A CE

United States 7 ----------------------------------------------- 834 956 6 417 7 089 650 769 745 306 13 315 544 –41.2 2 2 5

Alabama------------------------------------------------------------- 68 806 (S) (S) *27 14 666 115 721 –40.5 11 (S) 22

Alaska -------------------------------------------------------------- 48 992 5 (D) 2 (D) 36 812 33.1 (Z) (D) (D)

Arizona-------------------------------------------------------------- 69 529 55 63 218 4 6 311 458 164 –84.8 11 12 (Z)

Arkansas ------------------------------------------------------------ 54 215 (S) 47 328 *19 *6 887 54 006 .4 12 12 48

California ------------------------------------------------------------ 1 024 549 962 1 010 113 *18 14 436 1 876 520 –45.4 4 4 17

Colorado ------------------------------------------------------------ 70 417 76 66 493 9 3 925 196 481 –64.2 18 19 27

Connecticut ---------------------------------------------------------- 52 639 69 49 096 19 3 542 287 884 –81.7 14 15 17

Delaware ------------------------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) *12 1 548 32 845 –63.8 (S) (S) 8

District of Columbia 25 --------------------------------------------------- 071 *13 2 209 24 22 862 60 818 –58.8 4 33 3

Florida -------------------------------------------------------------- 762 992 317 662 423 31 100 570 1 086 771 –29.8 4 5 (Z)

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------------- 217 627 115 189 549 33 28 077 302 460 –28.0 13 15 4

Hawaii--------------------------------------------------------------- 570 933 47 (D) 1 (D) 627 988 –9.1 3 (D) (D)

Idaho --------------------------------------------------------------- 38 320 21 (D) *11 (D) 14 839 158.2 15 (D) (D)

Illinois --------------------------------------------------------------- 293 537 304 268 949 21 24 588 386 312 –24.0 6 6 19

Indiana -------------------------------------------------------------- 101 473 228 (D) 8 (D) 221 109 –54.1 15 (D) (D)

Iowa ---------------------------------------------------------------- *52 794 67 *51 225 5 1 569 51 930 1.7 45 46 8

Kansas -------------------------------------------------------------- 30 635 52 (S) *28 9 424 95 833 –68.0 26 (S) 29

Kentucky ------------------------------------------------------------ 90 147 68 59 294 *24 30 852 107 859 –16.4 13 17 21

Louisiana ------------------------------------------------------------ 40 424 (S) 32 970 *13 7 454 78 286 –48.4 10 12 2

Maine --------------------------------------------------------------- 8 968 46 8 749 *7 *218 101 636 –91.2 24 25 74

Maryland ------------------------------------------------------------ 151 890 184 144 173 22 7 717 372 866 –59.3 9 10 11

Massachusetts 119 ------------------------------------------------------- 073 168 110 328 29 8 745 741 912 –84.0 11 11 36

Michigan------------------------------------------------------------- 201 051 197 193 694 *19 *7 357 226 003 –11.0 12 12 60

Minnesota ----------------------------------------------------------- 100 843 (S) (D) 2 (D) 275 146 –63.3 5 (D) (D)

Mississippi ----------------------------------------------------------- 29 734 29 22 802 9 6 931 74 987 –60.3 26 33 21

Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------- (S) 170 (S) *13 15 801 244 312 –35.2 (S) (S) 8

Montana------------------------------------------------------------- 26 466 41 19 207 *14 *7 259 20 278 30.5 22 16 69

Nebraska ------------------------------------------------------------ 32 523 47 30 259 *4 *2 264 31 368 3.7 28 30 54

Nevada-------------------------------------------------------------- 343 495 59 (D) *7 (D) 243 158 41.3 2 (D) (D)

New Hampshire *9 ------------------------------------------------------ 905 25 *9 905 – – 147 861 –93.3 45 45 –

New Jersey ---------------------------------------------------------- 174 751 212 165 033 *28 9 718 467 373 –62.6 12 13 23

New Mexico --------------------------------------------------------- 12 704 28 11 012 4 *1 692 38 712 –67.2 31 35 52

New York------------------------------------------------------------ 852 140 791 824 006 46 28 134 977 333 –12.8 5 6 26 North Carolina 93 ------------------------------------------------------- 161 (S) 52 241 *14 *40 920 386 395 –75.9 26 14 57 North Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- 24 559 *19 21 569 4 2 990 33 795 –27.3 17 19 (Z)

Ohio ---------------------------------------------------------------- 245 785 214 215 555 *26 30 230 425 803 –42.3 8 9 17 Oklahoma ----------------------------------------------------------- 16 775 22 (D) *11 (D) 17 962 –6.6 10 (D) (D)

Oregon -------------------------------------------------------------- 115 033 148 (D) *12 (D) 114 466 .5 11 (D) (D)

Pennsylvania 238 --------------------------------------------------------- 678 185 226 465 36 12 213 349 444 –31.7 10 11 19 Rhode Island--------------------------------------------------------- 22 423 49 14 619 *12 (S) 56 348 –60.2 36 28 (S)

South Carolina 110 ------------------------------------------------------- 507 (S) (S) 31 44 740 211 789 –47.8 22 (S) 28

South Dakota *26 -------------------------------------------------------- 628 35 *26 381 *2 *246 17 288 54.0 47 47 63 Tennessee----------------------------------------------------------- 85 264 79 72 894 7 *12 369 280 342 –69.6 13 13 40 Texas --------------------------------------------------------------- 434 949 254 415 043 13 19 906 338 981 28.3 9 9 3 Utah ---------------------------------------------------------------- 31 559 42 13 596 7 *17 963 25 178 25.3 34 16 58

Vermont ------------------------------------------------------------- *2 220 *11 (D) *3 (D) 37 625 –94.1 43 (D) (D)

Virginia -------------------------------------------------------------- 193 005 159 169 976 17 23 028 406 939 –52.6 23 26 2 Washington ---------------------------------------------------------- 159 018 219 149 823 *22 9 196 273 283 –41.8 11 12 4 West Virginia--------------------------------------------------------- 9 705 *28 *5 526 *14 4 178 36 188 –73.2 38 62 33 Wisconsin ----------------------------------------------------------- 172 254 155 152 552 *22 *19 702 241 087 –28.6 17 19 44 Wyoming ------------------------------------------------------------ *6 623 *13 (D) 1 (D) 7 020 –5.7 50 (D) (D)

2–12nnRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 11. Dollar Value of Business Done for Establishments With Payroll by

Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Based on their primary business activity or combination of activities, establishments were classified into this specific industry.

These establishments, however, may also be engaged in other kinds of business activities. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see

appendixes]

Primary and other kind of business activities

Dollar value of business done Relative standard error of estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

All kinds of business 7 ------------------------------------- 954 007 13 592 992 2 1

BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONmGENERAL CONTRACTORS

AND OPERATIVE BUILDERS

General building contractor 5 ----------------------------------------- 636 156 11 662 393 2 1 General building contractor, remodeling1 ----------------------------- 1 819 472 803 857 4 5 Operative builder -------------------------------------------------- 62 201 220 332 11 3

Other construction activities 134 ---------------------------------------- 190 197 582 5 (NA)

OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Building construction on land owned by you, for rent or lease 23 ---------- 720 59 195 21 8

Construction management services 29 --------------------------------- 024 58 391 7 7

Real estate commissions and management fees 10 --------------------- 365 36 922 8 3

Other business activities ------------------------------------------- 54 464 127 370 4 (NA)

Kind of business activity, n.s.k. 184 ------------------------------------- 415 426 950 7 2

1In 1987, this item, for the most part, represented the value of residential remodeling general contractor work. For 1992, it represents the value of both residential and nonresidential

remodeling general contractor work.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn2–13
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Table 12. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

1992 1987

Relative

standard error

of estimate

(percent)

for 1992

AVERAGE PER ESTABLISHMENT

Number of employees**---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.5 10.0 2 Number of construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.4 7.5 2 Number of all other employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.1 2.5 2 Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 178.8 215.1 2 Payroll, construction workers------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 110.6 138.8 2 Payroll, other employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 68.2 76.3 2

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 1 225.5 1 669.3 2 Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 1 207.1 1 635.2 2 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels do ----------------------------------------------------- -- 308.7 353.2 2 Construction work subcontracted to others do ------------------------------------------------------------ -- 538.8 866.8 3 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings do --------------------------------------------------- -- 9.5 11.5 4 Capital expenditures, other than land ----------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 8.0 11.4 6 Gross book value of depreciable assets do -------------------------------------------------------------- -- 75.1 81.4 5

AVERAGE PER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 23.8 21.4 1

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 163.0 166.4 2

Value added†† ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 50.3 44.8 2

AVERAGE PER CONSTRUCTION WORKER

Payroll, construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 20.4 18.5 1

Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 223.2 217.4 2

AVERAGE PER OTHER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, other employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------ $1,000-- 32.3 30.4 1

AVERAGE PER DOLLAR VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK

Payroll, all employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .148 .132 1

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels---------------------------------------------------------- .256 .216 1

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others ------------------------------------------------------ .446 .530 1

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others ---------------------------------------------------- .043 .053 10

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings -------------------------------------------------------- .008 .007 3

2–14nnRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 13. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Average per dollar value of construction work

Average

number of

employees**

per establishment

Payroll

per

employee

($1,000)

Value of

construction

work per

construction

worker

($1,000)

Payroll,

all employees

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies,

and fuels

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

Value of

construction

work subcontracted

in from others

Rental

cost for

machinery,

equipment,

and

buildings

United States 7.5 -------------------------------- 23.8 223.2 .148 .256 .446 .043 .008

Alabama 11.7 ---------------------------------------------- 18.3 172.2 .136 .285 .465 .044 .011

Alaska 40.3 ----------------------------------------------- 35.3 193.3 .232 .120 .286 – .009

Arizona 9.8 ----------------------------------------------- 16.4 172.7 .134 .230 .429 *.025 .007

Arkansas 9.7 --------------------------------------------- 19.1 302.4 .109 .356 .491 .001 .004

California 6.5 --------------------------------------------- 23.0 231.8 .135 .276 .427 .067 .007

Colorado 8.6 --------------------------------------------- 24.0 195.0 .182 .237 .498 *.033 .007

Connecticut 4.0 ------------------------------------------- 23.1 227.3 .130 .278 .439 .038 .010

Delaware 10.3 --------------------------------------------- (D) 99.2 (D) (D) (D) .003 (S)

District of Columbia 3.8 ------------------------------------ 10.1 57.2 .227 .155 .106 .011 .001

Florida 12.5 ----------------------------------------------- 21.2 258.4 .126 .233 .538 .041 .007

Georgia 12.1 ---------------------------------------------- 21.6 293.9 .128 .254 .456 .027 .008

Hawaii 57.0 ------------------------------------------------ 36.5 277.1 .173 (D) (D) .014 .014

Idaho 5.2 ------------------------------------------------ 20.0 326.5 .098 .357 .457 (S) .017

Illinois 5.2 ------------------------------------------------ 27.1 254.2 .154 .222 .470 .009 .006

Indiana 4.6 ----------------------------------------------- 18.3 171.7 .156 .238 .408 (S) (S)

Iowa 4.8 ------------------------------------------------- 17.2 224.2 .106 *.097 .649 (S) *.004

Kansas 10.5 ----------------------------------------------- 23.2 134.4 .201 .327 .356 (S) .007

Kentucky 8.5 --------------------------------------------- 18.3 128.3 .172 .287 .331 .005 .007

Louisiana 6.3 --------------------------------------------- 20.5 120.4 .235 .281 .262 (S) .018

Maine 2.5 ------------------------------------------------ 12.6 92.1 .167 .346 .244 *.061 .008

Maryland 6.0 --------------------------------------------- 24.4 249.3 .145 .123 .566 .020 .007

Massachusetts 4.6 ---------------------------------------- 27.3 202.4 .191 .284 .362 *.047 .016

Michigan 6.8 ---------------------------------------------- 20.3 211.9 .139 .289 .386 *.146 .007

Minnesota 6.7 -------------------------------------------- 26.0 394.7 .100 .174 .621 .008 .002

Mississippi 11.3 -------------------------------------------- 13.0 83.7 .185 .263 .309 *.011 .006

Missouri 5.3 ---------------------------------------------- 20.1 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Montana 4.1 ---------------------------------------------- 14.7 139.2 .128 .284 .338 .024 (S)

Nebraska 8.2 --------------------------------------------- 17.2 105.8 .202 .209 .305 (S) *.007

Nevada 15.0 ----------------------------------------------- 35.9 409.5 .110 .188 .635 .026 .006

New Hampshire 4.4 --------------------------------------- 28.8 128.8 .292 .122 .292 *.036 .018

New Jersey 6.7 ------------------------------------------- 31.2 232.9 .179 .287 .297 .086 .011

New Mexico 4.8 ------------------------------------------ 12.9 118.4 .157 .431 .302 (S) *.010

New York 6.7 --------------------------------------------- 25.6 223.2 .162 .258 .420 .029 .009

North Carolina 8.5 ---------------------------------------- 18.2 145.6 .169 .304 .388 .036 .007

North Dakota 11.9 ----------------------------------------- 18.7 128.0 .189 .310 .324 .018 *.008

Ohio 7.4 ------------------------------------------------- 26.3 206.1 .180 .253 .475 .031 .009

Oklahoma 5.4 -------------------------------------------- 14.2 96.7 .175 .255 .280 *.014 .003

Oregon 6.4 ----------------------------------------------- 25.4 161.4 .205 .249 .454 (S) .004

Pennsylvania 7.4 ------------------------------------------ (D) 233.4 (D) .256 .399 (S) (S) Rhode Island 2.8 ------------------------------------------ 19.7 186.5 .142 .222 .412 .140 .019

South Carolina 5.9 ---------------------------------------- 22.4 (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

South Dakota 7.7 ----------------------------------------- 19.7 211.8 .125 .300 .439 (S) *.009 Tennessee 10.7 -------------------------------------------- 18.3 190.2 .127 .292 .451 *.027 .007 Texas 9.3 ------------------------------------------------ 20.8 247.3 .113 .240 .453 *.068 .006 Utah 4.9 ------------------------------------------------- 15.9 114.7 .195 .361 .337 .046 .007

Vermont *2.0 ---------------------------------------------- 21.0 71.4 .309 (D) .077 – .064

Virginia 8.1 ----------------------------------------------- 20.6 212.8 .135 .263 .424 *.042 .007 Washington 5.6 ------------------------------------------- 22.5 214.1 .139 .343 .369 .043 .008 West Virginia 3.0 ------------------------------------------ 13.0 *73.7 .198 .387 .156 .104 .002 Wisconsin 7.1 -------------------------------------------- 22.4 184.1 .162 .358 .383 .030 .006 Wyoming *5.0 --------------------------------------------- 22.8 *106.0 *.248 *.125 *.455 – .005

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn2–15
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Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

Construction. Is composed of three broad categories:

1. New construction. Includes the complete, original

building of structures and essential service facilities

and the initial installation of integral equipment such as

elevators and plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning

supplies and equipment.

2. Additions, alterations, or reconstruction. Includes

construction work which adds to the value or useful life

of an existing building or structure, or which adapts a

building or structure to a new or different use. Included

are ‘‘major replacements’’ of building systems such as

the installation of a new roof or heating system and the

resurfacing of streets or highways. This contrasts to

the repair of a hole in a roof or the routine patching of

highways and streets, which would be classified as

maintenance and repair.

3. Maintenance and repair. Includes incidental construction work which keeps a property in ordinary working

condition. Excluded are trash and snow removal, lawn

maintenance and landscaping, and cleaning and janitorial services.

Number of establishments in business during year.

Includes all establishments that were in business at any

time during the year. It covers all full-year and part-year

operations. Construction establishments which were inactive or idle for the entire year were not included.

Proprietors and working partners. These data were not

collected on the census report forms. The data shown are

based on crediting each sole proprietorship establishment

with one active proprietor and each partnership establishment with two working partners.

All employees. Comprises all full-time and part-time employees on the payrolls of construction establishments who

worked or received pay for any part of the pay period

including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays,

and paid vacations during these pay periods. Officers of

corporations are included, but proprietors and partners of

unincorporated firms are not.

All employees is the sum of all employees during the

pay periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and

November, divided by 4.

Construction workers. Includes all workers up through

the working supervisor level directly engaged in construction operations, such as painters, carpenters, plumbers,

and electricians. Included are journeymen, mechanics,

apprentices, laborers, truck drivers and helpers, equipment

operators, and on-site record keepers and security guards.

Supervisory employees above the working foreman level

are excluded from this category but are included in the

‘‘other employees’’ category.

Other employees. Includes employees in executive,

purchasing, accounting, personnel, professional, and

technical activities, as well as routine office functions.

Also included are supervisory employees above the

working foreman level.

Payroll. Includes the gross earnings paid in the calendar

year 1992 to all employees on the payroll of construction

establishments. It includes all forms of compensation such

as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses,

vacation and sick leave pay, prior to such deductions as

employees’ Social Security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of these establishments, if a

corporation, but excludes payments to the proprietor or

partners, if unincorporated.

Fringe benefits. Represents expenditures made by the

employer during 1992 for legally required and voluntary

fringe benefit programs for employees.

Legally required contributions. Includes Social Security contributions, unemployment compensation, worker’s

compensation, and State temporary disability payments.

Voluntary payments. Includes life insurance premiums, pension plans, insurance premiums on hospital

and medical plans, welfare plans, and union negotiated benefits.

Dollar value of business done comprises the following

detail:

Value of construction work done. Includes all

value of construction work done during 1992 for

construction work performed by general contractors

and special trades contractors. Included is new construction, additions and alterations or reconstruction,

and maintenance and repair construction work. Also

included is the value of any construction work done

by the reporting establishments for themselves.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX A A–1
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Speculative builders were instructed to include the

value of buildings and other structures built or being

built for sale in 1992 but not sold. They were to

include the costs of such construction plus normal

profit. Also included is the cost of construction work

done on buildings for rent or lease.

Establishments engaged in the sale and installation

of such construction components as plumbing, heating, and central air-conditioning supplies and equipment; lumber and building materials; paint, glass, and

wallpaper; and electrical and wiring supplies, elevators or escalators were instructed to include both the

value for the installation and the receipts covering the

price of the items installed.

Excluded was the cost of industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment which are not an

integral part of a structure.

Other business receipts. Includes business receipts

not reported as value of construction work done. The

item includes business receipts from retail and wholesale trade, rental of equipment, manufacturing, transportation, legal service, insurance, finance, rental of

property and other real estate operations, and other

nonconstruction activities. Receipts for separately

definable architectural and engineering work for others are also included here.

Excluded was the value of construction work done and

receipts from other business operations in foreign countries and non-operating income such as interest and

dividends.

Net value of construction work. Derived for each establishment by subtracting the costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others from the value of construction

work done. (For a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in

Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Value added. Derived for each establishment, value

added is equal to dollar value of business done, less costs

for construction work subcontracted out to others, and

costs for materials, components, supplies, and fuels. (For

a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Selected costs. Represents the costs for materials,

components, and supplies; costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others; and costs for selected power,

fuels, and lubricants. Capital expenditures and rental costs

for machinery, equipment, and structures are shown elsewhere.

Costs for materials, components, and supplies include:

• total costs to reporting establishments during 1992 for

the purchase of all materials, components, and supplies,

except fuels. (Supplies include expendable tools which

are charged to current accounts.)

• freight and other direct charges representing only amount

paid after discounts, and the value of materials, components, and supplies obtained from other establishments

of the respondent’s company.

• costs for materials, components, and supplies used by

the reporting establishments in the construction or reconstruction of buildings/ structures for themselves which

are chargeable to their fixed assets accounts, as well as

costs for materials bought and resold to others.

• costs made for direct purchases of materials, components, and supplies even though the purchases were

subsequently provided to subcontractors for their use.

Excluded from this item are:

• industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment such as printing presses and computer systems,

which are not an integral part of a structure.

• materials furnished to contractors by the owners of

projects.

Costs for construction work subcontracted out to others

include:

• all costs during 1992 for construction work subcontracted out to other construction contractors.

Excluded from this item are:

• the costs to the reporting establishment for its purchases of materials, components, and supplies provided

to a subcontractor for use. Such costs are reported

under, ‘‘costs for materials, components, and supplies.’’

• costs for the rental of machinery or equipment.

Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants include:

• costs for fuels, lubricants, and electric energy purchased

during the year from other companies or received from

other establishments of the company.

• costs for natural and manufactured gas, fuel oil, coal,

and coke products.

Rental costs for machinery, equipment, and buildings.

Includes all costs during 1992 for renting or leasing

construction machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, production equipment, office equipment, furniture

and fixtures, scaffolding, office space, and buildings. It

excludes costs for the rental of land. It also excludes costs

under agreements which, in effect, are conditional sales

contracts such as capital leases. Such costs are included

in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Selected purchased services. Includes all costs during

1992 for communication services purchased from other

companies or from other establishments of the company. It

also includes the cost of all repairs made to structures and

equipment by outside companies or from other establishments of the same company. It includes only the cost of

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repair necessary to maintain property and equipment. It

excludes the cost of improvements that increase the value

of property or the cost of adapting it for another use. Such

costs are included in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Assets and depreciation. Refers to the original cost of all

fixed tangible assets such as buildings and other structures (offices and shops); stationary machinery (generators and shop equipment); mobile machinery (tractors and

trucks); and other equipment (office furniture and fixtures).

Not included are such items as current assets, depletable

assets, intangible assets, and nondepreciable assets.

Data on assets and depreciation were collected separately for: (1) buildings and other structures, additions, and

related facilities; and (2) machinery and equipment.

Respondents were also asked to report capitalized

expenditures, depreciation charges, and the gross value

of assets sold, retired, scrapped, and destroyed during

1992.

Capital expenditures. Refers to all costs actually incurred

during 1992 which were or would be chargeable to the

fixed assets accounts of the reporting establishments and

which were of the type for which depreciation accounts are

ordinarily maintained. These expenditures cover the acquisition, the construction, and the major alteration of the

reporting establishment’s own buildings and other structures, whether purchased, constructed under contract, or

constructed by the reporting establishment’s own forces;

and the acquisition of machinery and equipment.

If leasing arrangements met the criteria set down by the

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) for a capital

lease, respondents were instructed to report the original

cost or market value of that equipment or building as a

fixed asset and capital expenditure if acquired during 1992.

If capital expenditures were not recorded directly at the

establishment level but handled centrally at the company

or division level, respondents were requested to report

appropriate estimates for the individual establishments.

Inventories. Includes all of the materials and supplies

that are owned regardless of where they are held. Excludes

materials which are owned by others, but held by the

reporting establishment.

Builders who built on their own account for sale were

requested to exclude work in progress and finished units

not sold from inventories.

Inventories of multiestablishment companies were instructed to be reported by the establishment that is

responsible for the inventories even if these inventories

were held at a separate location.

Ownership of construction projects. Shows the distribution of the value of construction work done by ownership

of the project; that is, Government owned or privately

owned. This classification relates to the ownership of the

projects or work undertaken during the construction phase.

Government owned projects are shown separately for

Federal and State and local governments.

Value of construction work subcontracted in from

others. Includes the value of construction work during

1992 for work done by reporting establishments as subcontractors. Establishments were asked to report the

approximate percent of total value of construction work

accounted for by such work, and the percentages reported

were applied to the reported value of construction work to

develop a value for this item.

Types of construction. Provides data by the types of

buildings, structures, or other facilities being constructed

or worked on by construction establishments in 1992.

Respondents were instructed that each building, structure,

or other facility should be classified in terms of its function.

For example, a restaurant building was to be classified in

the restaurant category whether it was designed as a

commercial restaurant building or an auxiliary unit of an

educational institution. If respondents worked on more

than one type of building or structure in a multibuilding

complex, they were instructed to report separately for each

building or type of structure. If they worked on a building

that had more than one purpose; i.e, office and residential,

or commercial, they were to classify the building by major

purpose.

In addition, all respondents were requested to report the

percentage of the value of construction work done for new

construction, additions, alterations, or reconstruction, and

maintenance and repair work for each of these types. See

the definition of ‘‘Construction’’ for the meanings of these

terms.

Building construction:

• Single-family houses, detached. Includes all residential buildings constructed for one family use.

• Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses

and townhouse-type condominiums. Includes all residential buildings with two or more living quarters side by

side, completely independent of one another, and separated by an unbroken party or lot line wall from ground to

roof.

• Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type condominiums, and cooperatives. Includes high-rise, low-rise, or any structures

containing two or more housing units other than attached

single-family houses.

• Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins. Includes hotels,

motels, bed and breakfast inns, and tourist cabins

intended for transient accommodations. Also included

are hotel and motel conference centers.

• Other residential buildings. Includes dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, and other nonhousekeeping

residential structures.

• Office buildings. Includes all buildings which are used

primarily for office space or for government administrative offices. Also included are banks or financial buildings which are three stories or more. Medical office

buildings are reported under hospitals and institutional

buildings.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX A A–3
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• Other commercial buildings, such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service stations. Includes all

buildings which are intended for use primarily in the retail

and service trades. For example, shopping centers,

department stores, drug stores, restaurants, public garages,

auto service stations, and one or two story bank or

financial institutions.

• Industrial buildings. Includes all industrial buildings

and plants which are used to house production and

assembly activities. Note that industrial parks should be

classified under its primary usage such as warehouses,

office space, commercial or industrial type buildings.

Heavy industrial facilities such as blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, and chemical complexes are not included

in this category but are reported under nonbuilding

construction.

• Warehouses. Includes commercial warehouses, cold

storage plants, grain elevators, mini-warehouses, and

other such storage buildings.

• Religious buildings. Includes all buildings which are

intended for religious services or functions such as

churches, synagogues, convents, monasteries, and seminaries.

• Educational buildings. Includes all buildings which are

used directly in administrative and instructional activities

such as colleges, universities, elementary and secondary schools, correspondence, commercial, and trade

schools. Libraries, museums, and art galleries, as well as

laboratories which are not a part of a manufacturing or

commercial establishment, are also included.

• Hospitals and institutional buildings. Includes medical office buildings and all other buildings which are

intended to provide hospital and institutional care such

as clinics, infirmaries, sanitariums, nursing homes, homes

for the aged, and orphanages.

• Farm buildings, nonresidential. Includes nonresidential farm buildings such as barns, poultry houses, implement sheds, and farm silos.

• Amusement, social, and recreational buildings. Includes buildings which are used primarily for entertainment, social, and recreational activities such as sports

arenas, convention centers, theaters, music halls, golf

and country club buildings, skating rinks, fitness centers,

bowling alleys, and indoor swimming pools.

• Other nonresidential buildings. Includes nonresidential buildings which are not classified elsewhere such as

fire stations, post offices, bus and air passenger terminals and hangars, and prisons.

Nonbuilding construction:

• Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guardrails, highway signs, and lighting. Includes streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, culverts, right-of-way drainage, erosion control, and

lighting. Also includes earthwork protective structures

when used in connection with road improvements.

• Outdoor swimming pools. Includes wading pools and

reflecting pools.

• Airport runways and related work. Includes runways,

taxiways, aprons, and related work.

• Private driveways and parking areas. Includes all

nonstructural parking areas and private driveways of all

surface types.

• Fencing. Includes all types of fencing.

• Recreationalfacilities. Includes athletic fields,golf courses,

outdoor tennis courts, trails, and camps.

• Tunnels. Includes highway, pedestrian, railroad, and

water distribution tunnels.

• Bridges and elevated highways. Includes viaducts

and overpasses, roads, highways, railroads, and causeways built on structural supports.

• Dam and reservoir construction. Includes hydroelectric, water supply, and flood control dams and reservoirs.

• Marine construction. Includes dredging, underwater

rock removal, breakwaters, navigational channels, and

locks.

• Harbor and port facilities. Includes docks, piers, and

wharves.

• Conservation and development construction. Includes

land reclamation, irrigation projects, drainage canals,

levees, jetties, breakwaters, and flood control projects.

• Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities. Includes electric power lines,

telephone and telegraph lines, fiber optic cables, cable

television lines, television and radio towers, and electric

light and power facilities.

• Sewers, sewerlines, septic tanks, and related facilities. Includes sanitary and storm sewers, pumping stations, septic systems, and related facilities.

• Water mains and related facilities. Includes water

supply systems, pumping stations, and related facilities.

• Pipeline construction other than sewer or

waterlines. Includes pipelines for the transmission of

gas, petroleum products, and liquefied gases.

• Urban mass transit. Includes subways, trollies, street

cars, and light rail systems.

• Railroad construction. Includes the construction of

railroad beds, tracks, freight yards, and signal towers for

systems other than urban mass transit.

• Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. Includes coke ovens and mining appurtenances such as tipples and washeries.

A–4 APPENDIX A CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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• Power plants, nuclear. Includes atomic energy plants

and nuclear reactors.

• Power plants, and cogeneration plants, except nuclear. Includes electric and steam generating plants and

cogenerating plants.

• Sewage treatment plants. Includes sewage treatment

and waste disposal plants.

• Water treatment plants. Includes water filtration and

water softening plants.

• Ships. Includes special trade contractors working on

ships and boats such as painters, carpenters, joiners,

electricians, etc.

• Other nonbuilding construction. Includes all types of

nonbuilding construction not included elsewhere.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX A A–5
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Appendix B.

Standard Industrial Classification Titles for

Industry Groups and Industries

SIC

code Industry titles

15 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—GENERAL

CONTRACTORS AND OPERATIVE

BUILDERS

152 General Building Contractors—Residential

Buildings

1521 General Contractors—Single-Family Houses

1522 General Contractors—Residential Buildings,

Other Than Single-Family

153 Operative Builders

1531 Operative Builders

154 General Building Contractors—Nonresidential

Buildings

1541 General Contractors—Industrial Buildings and

Warehouses

1542 General Contractors—Nonresidential Buildings,

Other Than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses

16 HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—

CONTRACTORS

161 Highway and Street Construction, Except

Elevated Highways

1611 Highway and Street Construction Contractors,

Except Elevated Highways

162 Heavy Construction, Except Highway and

Street Construction

1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway

Construction Contractors

1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications

and Power Line Construction Contractors

1629 Heavy Construction Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS

171 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

1711 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

172 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

1721 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

SIC

code Industry titles

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS—Con.

173 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

1731 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

174 Masonry, Stone Work, Tile Setting, and

Plastering Special Trade Contractors

1741 Masonry, Stone Setting, and Other Stone

Work Special Trade Contractors

1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical, and Insulation

Work Special Trade Contractors

1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

175 Carpentry and Floor Work Special Trade

Contractors

1751 Carpentry Work Special Trade Contractors

1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work Special

Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

176 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

177 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

1771 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

178 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

1781 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

179 Miscellaneous Special Trade Contractors

1791 Structural Steel Erection Special Trade

Contractors

1793 Glass and Glazing Work Special Trade

Contractors

1794 Excavation Work Special Trade Contractors

1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work Special

Trade Contractors

1796 Installation or Erection of Building Equipment,

Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

1799 Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

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Appendix C.

Geographic Divisions and States

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut

Maine

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey

New York

Pennsylvania

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois

Indiana

Michigan

Ohio

Wisconsin

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa

Kansas

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

North Dakota

South Dakota

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Maryland

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES—Con.

North Carolina

South Carolina

Virginia

West Virginia

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama

Kentucky

Mississippi

Tennessee

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Texas

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona

Colorado

Idaho

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Wyoming

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX C C–1
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1992 CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES

The Census of Construction Industries is taken once

every 5 years. The census covers all establishments

engaged in construction, including:

• Building contractors

• Heavy construction contractors

• Special trade contractors (including plumbers, carpenters, painters, electricians)

Data products in the census of construction industries are

issued in four publication series and in three media:

Printed reports [P]

CD-ROM [C]

Highlights online [+ ]

Preliminary Industry Series

(CC92-I-1(P) to -27(P))

(Available July 1994 through January 1995) [P] [C]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing national statistics for establishments with payroll. Statistics shown for 1992 include:

• Number of establishments

• Number of employees

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done, by type of structure

• Selected operating costs

Final Industry Series

(CC92-I-1 to -27)

(Available April 1995 through August 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing statistics for the Nation and individual States on establishments with payroll. These reports

update figures from the preliminary industry series (employment, payroll, value of construction, etc.) and provide

measures of the following:

• Capital expenditures

• Inventories

• Industry profiles

• Assets

• Depreciation

• And much more

Geographic Area Series

(CC92-A-1 to -10)

(Available August 1995 through December 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Nine reports on the construction industries, representing each census geographic division, and a U.S. summary

report. Regional reports provide detailed data for States

and metropolitan areas.

Subject Report—Legal Form of Organization

and Type of Operation (CC92-S-1)

(Available August 1995) [P] [C]

One report providing selected national statistics for

each industry by legal form of organization and type of

operation. This report includes data for establishments

with and without payroll. Data in this report include—

• Employment

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done

• Selected operating costs

OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUS REPORTS

The census of construction industries is part of the 1992

Economic Census. The economic census is conducted at

5-year intervals in years ending in 2 and 7 and consists of

eight separate censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

...plus several related programs: enterprise statistics; information on minority-owned and women-owned businesses;

and the census of outlying areas, including separate

economic census of Puerto Rico and other outlying areas.

The census of agriculture and census of governments are

conducted separately.

HOW TO ORDER DATA PRODUCTS

Order forms for the specific reports and other data

products may be obtained from Data User Services Division, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300. If you have any questions, call

Census Customer Services 1-301-457-4100.

Publication Program