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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-24

INDUSTRY SERIES

Wrecking and

Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors

Industry 1795

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-24

INDUSTRY SERIES

Wrecking and

Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors

Industry 1795

U.S. Department of Commerce

Ronald H. Brown, Secretary

David J. Barram, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Issued October 1995
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Many persons participated in the various activities of the 1992 Census of Construction

Industries. The overall planning and review of the census operations were performed by the

Economic Census Staff of the Economic Planning and Coordination Division.

This report was prepared in the Manufacturing and Construction Division. Barry A. Rappaport,

Assistant Chief for Construction and Mineral Census and Related Programs, was responsible for

the overall planning, management, and coordination of the census of construction industries.

Planning and implementation were under the direction of Patricia L. Horning, Chief, Construction

and Mineral Census Branch, with staff assistance by Juliana Van Berkum, Jennifer L. Evans,

Susan L. Hostetter, Doris M. Kling, Carolyn J. Stone, and Linda M. Taylor. The sampling plans

and variance and estimation specifications were developed by Dennis K. Duke. Under the

direction of C. Lloyd Anderson, the Systems Support Staff maintained the small computers and

assisted in the management of computer output.

Systems and procedures for mailout, receipt, correspondence, data input, industry classification, other clerical processing, administrative-record processing, quality control, and the associated electronic computer programs, were developed in the Economic Planning and Coordination

Division.

Mailout preparation and receipt operations, clerical and analytical review activities, data

keying, and geocoding review were performed by the staff of the Data Preparation Division,

Judith N. Petty, Chief.

Geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs were developed by the staff

of the Geography Division, Joel Morrison, Chief.

The computer processing systems were developed and coordinated in the Economic

Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Paulter, Jr., Chief, and Sarah W.

Baumgardner, Assistant Chief. Samuel Rozenel, Chief, Current Construction Branch, was

responsible for the design and implementation of the computer systems. The computer programs

were prepared under the supervision of Leonard S. Sammarco and Kevin J. Montgomery.

Computer processing was performed in the Computer Services Division, Marvin D. Raines,

Chief.

The staff of the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief,

performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement

for the publications and report forms. Bernadette J. Gayle provided publication coordination and

editing.

Special acknowledgment is also due the many businesses whose cooperation has contributed

to the publication of these data.

If you have any questions concerning the statistics in this report, call 301-457-4680.

Acknowledgments
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MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

David W. Cartwright, Chief

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Harry A. Scarr, Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider, Principal Associate

Director for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker, Associate

Director for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

ECONOMIC PLANNING AND COORDINATION

DIVISION

John P. Govoni, Chief

Economics and Statistics

Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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Introduction to

the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC

CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product, input/ output measures, production and

price indexes, and other statistical series that measure

short-term changes in economic conditions.

Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data, especially in monitoring economic activity and

providing assistance to business.

State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions

and to develop programs to attract business.

Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries and keep their members informed of

market changes.

Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

Title 13 of the United States Code (sections 131, 191,

and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic

census every 5 years, covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The 1992 Economic Census consists of the following eight

censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

Special programs also cover enterprise statistics and

minority-owned and women-owned businesses. (The 1992

Census of Agriculture and 1992 Census of Governments

are conducted separately.) The next economic census is

scheduled to be taken in 1998 covering the year 1997.

AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA

The results of the economic census are available in

printed reports for sale by the U.S. Government Printing

Office and on compact discs for sale by the Census

Bureau. Order forms for all types of products are available

on request from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,

Washington, DC 20233-8300. A more complete description of publications being issued from this census is on the

inside back cover of this document.

Census facts are also widely disseminated by trade

associations, business journals, and newspapers. Volumes containing census statistics are available in most

major public and college libraries. Finally, State data

centers in every State as well as business and industry

data centers in many States also supply economic census

statistics.

WHAT’S NEW IN 1992

The 1992 Economic Census covers more of the economy

than any previous census. New for 1992 are data on

communications, utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate,

as well as coverage of more transportation industries. The

economic, agriculture, and governments censuses now

collectively cover nearly 98 percent of all economic activity.

Among other changes, new 1992 definitions affect the

boundaries of about a third of all metropolitan areas. Also,

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses has now been

expanded to include all corporations.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1963, 1958, and 1954. Prior to that time, the individual

subcomponents of the economic census were taken separately at varying intervals.

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The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for 1840 and subsequent censuses to include mining and some commercial activities. In

1902, Congress established a permanent Census Bureau

and directed that a census of manufactures be taken every

5 years. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first time

a census was taken apart from the regular every-10-year

population census.

The first census of business was taken in 1930, covering 1929. Initially it covered retail and wholesale trade and

construction industries, but it was broadened in 1933 to

include some of the service trades.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated—providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firms

provided by the administrative records of other Federal

agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also have

been used to provide basic statistics for very small firms,

reducing or eliminating the need to send them census

questionnaires. The Enterprise Statistics Program, which

publishes combined data from the economic census, was

made possible with the implementation of the integrated

census program in 1954.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses has continued to expand. The census of construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and the

scope of service industries was broadened in 1967, 1977,

and 1987. The census of transportation began in 1963 as

a set of surveys covering travel, transportation of commodities, and trucks, but expanded in 1987 to cover business

establishments in several transportation industries. For

1992, these statistics are incorporated into a broadened

census of transportation, communications, and utilities.

Also new for 1992 is the census of financial, insurance,

and real estate industries. This is part of a gradual expansion in coverage of industries previously subjected to

government regulation.

The Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises

was first conducted as a special project in 1969 and was

incorporated into the economic census in 1972 along with

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses.

An economic census has also been taken in Puerto

Rico since 1909, in the Virgin Islands of the United States

and Guam since 1958, and in the Commonwealth of the

Northern Mariana Islands since 1982.

Statistical reports from the 1987 and earlier censuses

provide historical figures for the study of long-term time

series and are available in some large libraries. All of the

census data published since 1967 are still available for

sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT

ECONOMIC DATA

While the census provides complete enumerations every

5 years, there are many needs for more frequent data as

well. The Census Bureau conducts a number of monthly,

quarterly, and annual surveys, with the results appearing in

publication series such as Current Business Reports (retail

and wholesale trade and service industries), the Annual

Survey of Manufactures, Current Industrial Reports, and

the Quarterly Financial Report. Most of these surveys,

while providing more frequent observations, yield less

kind-of-business and geographic detail than the census.

The County Business Patterns program offers annual

statistics on the number of establishments, employment,

and payroll classified by industry within each county.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1992 Economic Census and Related Statistics. More information on the methodology, procedures,

and history of the census will be published in the History of

the 1992 Economic Census. Contact Customer Services

for information on availability.

IV INTRODUCTION CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Census of Construction

GENERAL

The 1992 Census of Construction Industries covers all

employer establishments (establishments with payroll) primarily engaged in contract construction or construction on

their own account for sale as defined in the Standard

Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC). This industrial classification system has been developed by experts

on classification in government and private industry under

the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget and

is in general use among government agencies and among

organizations outside the government.

Contract construction. The SIC manual defines construction in three broad types of activity:

1. Building construction by general contractors or by

operative builders. General building contractors are

primarily engaged in the construction of dwellings,

office buildings, stores, farm buildings, and other building projects. Operative builders who build on their own

account for sale are also included here. However,

investment builders who build structures on their own

account for rent are classified in Real Estate.

2. Heavy construction general contractors. Heavy construction general contractors are primarily engaged in

the construction of highways, bridges, pipelines, sewers and water lines, marine construction, power, and

petro-chemical plants and other nonbuilding construction projects. Special trade contractors are classified

in heavy construction, if they are specifically engaged

in the following activities: grading for highway and

airport runways; guardrail construction; installation of

highway signs; asphalt and concrete construction of

roads, highways, streets, and public sidewalks; trenching, cable laying; conduit construction; underwater

rock removal; pipeline wrapping; or land clearing and

leveling.

3. Constructionby other specialtrade contractors. These

contractors include plumbers, painters, carpenters,

electricians, brick layers, roofers, etc. For the most

part, they perform their work at the site of construction,

although they may also have shops where they perform work incidental to the job site.

General contractors in both the building and the heavy

construction field usually assume responsibility for an

entire construction project, but may subcontract to others

all of the actual construction work or those portions of the

project requiring special skills or equipment. Special trade

contractors may work for general contractors, for other

subcontractors, or may work directly for the owner of the

property.

Each establishment receiving a questionnaire was requested

to report the percent of total dollar value of business done

for each kind-of-business activity engaged in during 1992.

This information was used for the computer assignment of

appropriate industry classifications. During this work, various tests were also made using other data reported on the

questionnaire. The proportion of construction work to total

business was checked to verify that the establishment was

primarily in construction. Also taken into consideration

were the types of structures worked on during the year and

the extent of work undertaken for other contractors.

Construction establishments often engage in various

construction activities. It is necessary, however, to assign

a single industry code to the establishment based on its

major activity. Therefore, the statistics shown for an industry reflect not only the primary activity of the establishments in the industry but also their secondary activities.

The industry reports, however, do present data on the

extent of secondary activities.

Prior to 1992, this census also included one industry

classified in the Real Estate area, SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries. This industry

is covered in the 1992 Census of Financial, Insurance,

and Real Estate Industries.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The census of construction industries is conducted on

an establishment basis. A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is

defined as a relatively permanent office or other place of

business where the usual business activities related to

construction are conducted. With some exceptions, a

relatively permanent office is one which has been established for the management of more than one project or job

and which is expected to be maintained on a continuing

basis. Such ‘‘establishment’’ activities include, but are not

limited to estimating, bidding, purchasing, supervising, and

operation of the actual construction work being conducted

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

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at one or more construction sites. Separate construction

reports were not required for each project or construction

site.

Companies with more than one construction establishment were required to submit a separate report for each

establishment operated during all or any part of 1992. The

census of construction industries figures represent a summary of records for individual establishments rather than

for companies.

If an establishment was engaged in construction and

one or more distinctly different lines of economic activity

(wholesale or retail trade, service, manufacturing, mining,

etc.) at the same place of business, it was requested to file

a separate report for each activity, provided that the

activity was of substantial size and separate records were

maintained or substantially accurate estimates could be

prepared.

If a separate establishment report could not be prepared for each activity, then a construction report was

requested covering all activities of that establishment

providing that the 1992 value of construction work exceeded

the gross receipts from each of its other activities.

Construction businesses with no payroll during 1992

(nonemployers) were not required to file census reports.

Tabulation of data for these businesses are based on

administrative records and are shown only in U.S. summary publications and the geographic area reports series.

Refer to the section on ‘‘Sample Design’’ for details.

Foreign construction activities were not included in this

census.

SAMPLE DESIGN, ESTIMATION PROCEDURES,

AND RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES

The companies included in the 1992 Census of Construction Industries were identified as part of an operation

common to all 1992 Economic Censuses. Construction

companies were divided into employers (companies with

payroll) and nonemployers (companies without payroll).

Statistical information for the employers was obtained in

the census by a survey which included all medium size and

large employers and a sample of the smaller ones. Census

reports were not required from the nonemployers. Statistics on nonemployers were obtained from administrative

records of other agencies of the Federal Government.

Employer Companies

Developing the sampling frame for employer companies. This operation started with obtaining a list of all

construction companies in the active records of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which were subject to payment

of Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes. The

basic source for this list has been the Internal Revenue

Service Business Master File, a comprehensive list of

companies engaged in business activities in the United

States. The file contains the name, address, and form of

ownership of each company and also indicates whether or

not the company is subject to the FICA. Each company in

this file is assigned a unique employer identification (EI)

number which it uses in filing its various reports with the

IRS. The Social Security Administration (SSA) maintains a

similar list using the same identification numbers, which

also contains information on the industrial classification of

each company. The Bureau of the Census obtained both of

these lists and combined them.

Under special arrangements which safeguarded the

confidentiality of the information, the Bureau also obtained

administrative-record data on payrolls and receipts and

added these data to the combined list. The list, thus

created from the IRS-SSA information, was a list of employer

companies. However, for the 1992 Economic Census the

basic reporting unit is the ‘‘establishment.’’ Therefore,

steps were taken to identify the individual establishments

of those companies which operate more than one place of

business. The information for making this determination

was obtained by means of the Company Organization

Survey (COS), an annual canvass of all known multiestablishment companies and large single-establishment companies. Thus, the 1992 Economic Census list for singleestablishment employer companies was obtained from the

IRS-SSA, but the list of establishments of multiestablishment employer companies was obtained directly from

those companies in the COS. Refer to the section on

‘‘Establishment Basis for Reporting’’ for details.

In general, the IRS-SSA list provided sufficient industrial

classification data to assign a company to the proper

economic census, but there were a number of companies

for which this information was inadequate or unavailable. A

special form, NC-9923, General Schedule, was mailed to

all such companies, requesting information on the nature

of the company’s activities. From the information reported,

the company was given an industrial classification code

and assigned to the appropriate economic census. Since

construction companies found in this way were identified

only after the regular census mailing had taken place, they

were treated as a supplement to the basic list.

Selecting the employer sample. The sample was designed

to provide reliable State and metropolitan area estimates

for each construction industry. It consisted of all construction establishments in multiestablishment companies, all

single-establishment companies with 1991 administrative

payroll of $480,000 or more and a probability sample of

single-establishment companies with payroll under that

amount. Supplementing the sample were construction

companies identified from the NC-9923, General Schedule. Also affecting the sample were the misclassified

companies; i.e., companies included in the samples of

other trade areas which reported they were construction

companies and companies originally classified in construction which reported they were not construction companies.

Of the 547,000 single-establishment employer companies initially classified as construction companies, 158,000

were included in the sample. All of the 11,000 establishments of multiestablishment companies were included in

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the sample. There was a net increase in the sample of

48,000 establishments resulting from establishments originally unclassified (receiving the NC-9923) or misclassified.

The probability sample of the smaller single-establishment

companies was a stratified random sample. Strata were

formed from all establishments with the same initial fourdigit SIC code, in the same State, in the same metropolitan

area, or in the balance of the State, and in the same size

class based on estimated total employment. If the fourdigit SIC code for an establishment was incomplete, the

establishment was placed in a stratum for miscellaneous

companies. Because they were small, all companies were

included in the sample for the following three industries:

SIC 1622, Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction Contractors; SIC 1795, Wrecking and Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors; and SIC 1796, Installation or

Erection of Building Equipment Special Trade Contractors.

Estimation procedures for 1992 and 1987 data. Since

all larger employer companies and some smaller ones

were included in the census, sample estimation was

required only for the universe of companies not selected

with certainty. The published statistics are the totals of the

estimates for the sampled companies and the aggregates

for the certainty companies. All estimates for 1992 and

1987 published here are simple unbiased estimates of the

form:

n

c

x’

c = Σ xi

/ pi

i =1

where: x’

c is the simple unbiased estimate of a characteristic for a publication cell.

x

i is the reported value of a characteristic for

an individual establishment in the publication cell.

p

i is the selection probability of that firm.

n

c is the number of firms in the sample for the

cell.

Data for certain characteristics were reported as a

percentage of the dollar value of business done. Before

this formula was applied to those characteristics, it was

necessary to convert the reported percentages into dollars.

Reliability of employer statistics. Since the estimates

for employer establishments in these reports are based on

the samples, they are subject to sampling variability and

may be expected to differ from results which would have

been obtained if a complete census had been taken using

the same forms and procedures. The sampling errors

shown in the tables were estimated directly from the

sample reports, using methods appropriate for the sample

design and form of estimation used. The relative standard

error is a measure of sampling variability; i.e., the variation

that might occur by chance because only a sample of the

population is surveyed. As calculated for this report, the

relative standard error also partially reflects the effect of

random errors of response and processing, but it does not

take into account the effect of any consistent biases due to

those types of errors. The chances are about 68 out of 100

that an estimate from the sample would differ from a

complete census by less than the relative standard error.

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the difference is

less than twice the relative standard error and about 99 out

of 100 that it is less than 2-1/ 2 times the relative standard

error. Individual estimates with large relative standard

errors have been shown in the published tables. Any such

estimates should be used with caution. The very large

relative standard errors generally occur for the smaller

estimates.

Relative standard errors have been calculated for all of

the published statistics, although they are shown for each

statistic only in the tables presenting detailed statistics.

Other tables show relative standard errors only for certain

characteristics because of lack of space.

As calculated for this report, the relative standard error

measures certain nonsampling errors, but does not measure any systematic biases in the data. Bias is the difference, averaged over all possible samples with the same

size and design, between the estimates and the true value

being estimated. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to

many sources: inability to obtain information about all

cases in the sample; definitional difficulties; differences in

interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of

respondents to provide correct information; and errors

made in processing the data. Although no direct measurements of the biases have been obtained, it is believed that

most of the important response and operational errors

were detected in the course of reviewing the data for

reasonableness and consistency.

A potential source of bias is in the imputation for those

establishments that have not responded by the time of

final publication. Data were estimated for establishments

that did not report by that date, although selected establishments were contacted again to obtain as much information on the telephone as possible. Some publication

cells in which more than 40 percent of the data were not

reported have been suppressed.

Nonemployer Companies

As described earlier, the information derived from the

business income tax returns of all companies was matched

to the census employer file on the basis of common

identification numbers. Those business income tax returns

which could not be matched were further classified on the

basis of several characteristics. Returns with characteristics consistent with companies without payroll were treated

as nonemployers. The nonemployer construction companies were not required to file census reports.

For ‘‘number of establishments,’’ each separate income

tax return was assumed to be an establishment. ‘‘All

business receipts’’ was based on receipts information

reported on the tax return.

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Since no sampling was involved in the nonemployer

establishments, the statistics for nonemployers are not

subject to sampling variability. However, these data are

subject to an unknown amount of reporting and processing

errors which could not be detected by the Census Bureau.

One such ‘‘nonsampling’’ issue was raised in the processing of the 1992 statistics. For 1992, a relatively small

number of nonemployer records with revenues more than

$1 million were excluded from tabulations. The exclusion

of these records, however, resulted in a significant decrease

in total nonemployer revenues from 1987, where no upper

limit was used. The large revenues are now assumed to be

unreasonable for firms without employees. It is also likely

that these revenues are duplicated in revenues reported by

(or imputed to) firms with paid employees. A comprehensive study of this issue is planned prior to the 1997 census.

CENSUS REPORT FORMS

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries was obtained from employer establishments primarily

through the use of 22 questionnaires, determined by

industry classification and size. Standard forms and short

forms were developed for each of the following SIC

groups: 15, 16, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, and

179. Establishments with 1991 administrative payroll of

$1,080,000 or more all received the standard form. For

those sample establishments with payroll under that amount,

half received the standard form and half received the short

form. The short forms covered only major items and

omitted some of the detail found in the longer forms.

In reviewing and developing the questionnaires,

comments and recommendations were elicited from

construction trade associations and advisory groups.

Also, approximately 6,000 establishments in SIC’s 1521,

1629, and 1799 were surveyed in the Census of Construction Industries 1989 Pretest. This survey consisted of four

panels which received one of four experimental questionnaries and one panel which received the control questionnaire. Along with the questionnaire, these establishments

received an evaluation questionnaire, which requested

information about respondents’ reactions to the questionnaire, problems in completing the questionnaire, and how

long it took to complete the questionnaire. Results from

the 1989 Pretest questionnaire are reflected as reworded

questions, improved instructions, and restructured value of

business questions in the 1992 questionnaires.

DATA PROCESSING

The 1992 census report forms were mailed out in

December 1992. They were mailed from and returned to

the Census Bureau’s Data Preparation Division in Jeffersonville, IN, where routine editing and coding of the report

forms were also accomplished. Collection of these report

forms was essentially completed in July 1993.

The returned reports underwent extensive processing.

A preliminary edit done at the time of data entry identified

obviously deficient reports and reports needing clarification. When necessary, these problems were resolved by

further contact with the respondents. Next, the data were

transmitted to Census Bureau headquarters near Washington, DC.

Data records, then, underwent a detailed computer

review and analysis. The records containing significant

problems were referred for further analytical review and, if

necessary, contacts were made with the respondents. The

computer performed most classification coding (such as

industry coding, geographic coding, and size coding), and

imputation for missing items or for reports not received in

time for tabulation. The imputation was performed on an

industry (or industry group) and State (or geographic

group) basis using all available response and administrative data.

The data records were then tabulated on an industry

basis. Industry totals were subjected to analytical review,

and selected statistics were prepared for the preliminary

reports. Corrections resulting from this review were made

to the computer records and final tabulations were produced.

The review of a preliminary report for an industry often

uncovered the need for corrections or revisions to the data

for another industry for which a preliminary report had

already been published. The final reports incorporate all

revisions and corrections made during the review of the

preliminary reports and contain considerable more data

than were published in those reports.

GEOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries’

final industry report series is classified on the basis of two

types of geographic distributions: (1) physical location of

the establishment, and (2) location of construction work. A

separate code was assigned on each basis allowing us to

present data by both physical location of the establishment

and location of construction work.

The geographic area reports series presents similar

data by industry for each State (physical location of the

establishment) and for selected MSA’s, CMSA’s and PMSA’s.

CHANGE IN COLLECTION METHODOLOGY FOR

VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK DONE

In 1987 and 1992, the ‘‘value of construction work’’ was

collected to better measure actual construction activity

done during the year. In 1992, this item was collected as a

total of three separate items. These items ( receipts from

construction contract work, value of speculative construction work, and value of construction work done for own

use) were collected separately to emphasize construction

activity that had been poorly reported in previous censuses.

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Receipts from the sale of land were not collected

separately in 1992, as in 1987, but are still excluded from

the value of construction work done.

All dollar values are shown in current dollars for the

years specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

DUPLICATION IN VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION

WORK

The aggregate of value of construction work reported by

all construction establishments in each of the several

industry, geographic area, or other groupings in this census contains varying amounts of duplication, since the

construction work of one firm may be subcontracted to

other construction firms and may also be included in the

subcontractors’ value of construction work. To avoid this

duplication, a ‘‘net’’ value of construction work figure has

been derived for each establishment by subtracting the

costs for construction work subcontracted to others from

the value of construction work.

Duplication in value of business between other construction and nonconstruction industries results from the use of

products of these other industries as input materials by

construction establishments. ‘‘Value added’’ avoids this

duplication and is, for most purposes, the best measure for

comparing the relative economic importance of industries

or areas. ‘‘Value added’’ is defined in the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries as equal to dollar value of business

done less costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and payments for materials, components, supplies,

and fuels.

SPECIAL TABULATIONS

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1992 Census

of Construction Industries may be obtained on computer

tape or in tabular form. The data will be in summary form

and subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of

confidential information (including name, address, kind of

business, or other data for individual business establishments or companies) as are the regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact and detailed

specifications of the type and format of the data to be

provided, should be directed to the Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233.

To discuss a special tabulation before submitting specifications, call 301-457-4680.

COMPARABILITY OF CENSUS OF

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES DATA WITH

OTHER DATA

Data contained in the reports of the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries are not the same as the data

published in the Census Bureau’s monthly Construction

Reports, Series C30, Value of New Construction Put in

Place. The main difference is that the C30 series covers all

new construction put in place without regard to who is

performing the construction activity; whereas, the construction census figures cover both new construction and

maintenance and repair work done by establishments

classified in the construction industry. Significant amounts

of construction are done by establishments classified

outside of construction (in real estate, manufacturing,

utilities, and communications, for example), both as ‘‘force

account’’ construction and construction done for others. In

addition, the value in place series includes constructionrelated expenses such as architectural and engineering

costs and the costs of materials supplied by owners which

are normally not reflected in the census of construction

industries.

Data contained in the reports of the census of construction industries may also differ from industry data in ‘‘Employment and Earnings Statistics,’’ published by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics and ‘‘Statistics of Income,’’ published by

the Internal Revenue Service. These differences arise

from varying definitions of scope, coverage, timing, classification, and methodology.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used in

this publication:

* Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

** Represents the sum of all employees during

pay periods including 12th of March, May,

August, and November, divided by 4.

- Represents zero.

† Represents value of construction work less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others. (See Duplication in Value of Construction Work.)

†† Represents dollar value of business done less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and costs for materials, components,

supplies, and fuels. In 1987, for SIC 1531, land

receipts were collected as a component of

dollar value of business and, therefore, were

subtracted from this value. (See Duplication in

Value of Construction Work.)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

(NA) Not available.

(S) Withheld because estimate did not meet publication standards on the basis of either the

response rate, associated relative standard

error, or a consistency review.

(X) Not applicable.

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

n.s.k. Not specified by kind.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION IX
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Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report

by Table Number

Statistics For the

United States By State

By

employment

size

By

size class of dollar value of business done

By type, class,

kind of business,

and location of

construction1

By

specialization

in types of

construction

Assets and depreciation (gross book value):

Beginning of year—buildings, machinery, and

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

End of year—total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

End of year—buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . 3

Depreciation charges during year—

buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Capital expenditures:

Total capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

New buildings—machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . 3

Used buildings—machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . 3

Communication services, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Employees:

All employees—average number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers—average number . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 9 1, 9

Construction workers—quarterly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 9 9

Other employees—average number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Other employees—quarterly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Establishments—number in business during year . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 1, 9 5 6 8

Fringe benefits—legally required and voluntary

expenditures .................................. 2

Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Materials, components, supplies, and fuels—costs for . . 1, 2 1 5 6

Ownership—private or government owned . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Payroll:

First-quarter, all employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Annual:

All employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1

Other employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Power, fuels, and lubricants—costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Proprietors and working partners. . . . . . . . . . ......... 2

Ratios, selected industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 13

Receipts and value:

Dollar value of business done, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 11 5 6 11

Value of construction work, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10 1, 10 5 6 7, 10 8

For work subcontracted in from others . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2

Other business receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Net value of construction work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Value added. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Rental costs:

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1 5 6

For machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

For buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to buildings and other structures . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Subcontract work to others, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Note: Data for 1987 and earlier years are also available in some of these tables.

1

Type—buildings, roads, etc. Class—new construction; additions, alterations, or reconstruction; or maintenance and repair work.

X USERS’ GUIDE CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Contents

Wrecking and

Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors

[Page numbers listed here omit the prefix that

appears as part of the number of each page]

Page

Introduction to the Economic Census III ...............................................

Census of Construction V ...........................................................

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report by Table Number X ..................

Summary of Findings ............................................................. 2

FIGURES

1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction 3 ............................

2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done 3 .............................

TABLES

Statistics for Establishments With Payroll

1. General Statistics by State: 1992 and 1987 4 ...................................

2. Detailed Statistics: 1992 and Earlier Census Years 6 .............................

3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation: 1992 and 1987 7 .................

4. Value of Inventories: 1992 and 1991 7 .........................................

5. Selected Statistics by Employment Size Class: 1992 and 1987 8 ..................

6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done: 1992 and

1987 ...................................................................... 8

7. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction: 1992 and 1987 9 ............

8. Selected Statistics by Specialization in Types of Construction: 1992 10 .............

9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment by State: 1992 11 .....................

10. Value of Construction Work by Location of Construction Work: 1992 and 1987 12 ...

11. Dollar Value of Business Done by Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987 13 ...... 12. Selected Industry Ratios: 1992 and 1987 14 ..................................... 13. Selected Industry Ratios by State: 1992 15 ......................................

Statistics for Establishments Without Payroll appear in the U.S. Industry

Summary Report.

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 ........................................................

B. Standard Industrial Classification Titles for Industry Groups and Industries B–1 ........

C. Geographic Divisions and States C–1 ..............................................

Publication Program Inside back cover ...................................................

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Summary of Findings

Establishments classified in this industry are primarily

engaged in the wrecking and demolition of buildings and

other structures, with or without the sale of material

derived from demolishing operations. For additional examples,

refer to the Standard Industrial Classification Manual:

19871 (SIC) published by the Office of Management and

Budget, Executive Office of the President.

During 1992, the establishments with paid employees

classified in this industry accounted for $1.11 billion in

total dollar value of business. Of this amount, $1.06 billion

were for the value of construction work. These establishments paid out $178 million for materials, components,

and supplies and $131 million for construction work subcontracted to others. Costs for selected power, fuels, and

lubricants for the industry were $29 million. Value added

for 1992 was $775 million.

There were 966 establishments with total employment

averaging 13,112 during the year. Total payroll for 1992

was $296 million.

Larger establishments with 20 employees or more,

while representing only 16 percent of the total number of

employer establishments in this industry, accounted for 62

percent of all business done.

A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is defined as a relatively

permanent office, or other place of business, where the

usual business activities related to construction are conducted. A separate census report was required from each

sampled establishment covering domestic operations. Separate reports were not, however, required for each project or

construction site.

For 1987 and earlier censuses, receipts from the sale of

land were collected separately for general contractors and

operative builders. These receipts were included in the

total dollar value of business done but excluded from the

value of construction work done. For 1992, receipts from

the sale of land were not collected separately but are still

excluded from the value of construction work done. All

dollar values are shown in current dollars for the years

specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

The data in this report are estimated from a sample

survey and are subject to sampling variability as well as

errors of response and nonreporting. The relative standard

error shown in the tables is a measure of sampling

variability. Descriptions of the sampling, estimating procedures, and data reliability are included in the introduction.

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

24–2 WRECKING AND DEMOLITION WORK CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
Figure 2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done

(Percent)

1992

1987

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES WRECKING AND DEMOLITION WORK 24-3

Figure 1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction

(Percent)

1992

1987

Payroll, all employees

 Materials, components, and supplies

 Construction work subcontracted

 out to others

 Rental costs for machinery,

 equipment, and buildings

Selected purchased services:

 Communications, repairs to buildings,

 machinery, and equipment

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants

Single–family houses, detached

Other commercial buildings such as stores,

 restaurants, and automobile service stations

 Industrial buildings

 Highways, streets, and related work such as

 installation of guard rails, highway signs,

 lighting, etc.

Office buildings

Educational buildings

Hospitals and institutional buildings

 Apartment buildings with two or more units,

 including rentals, apartment–type condominiums,

 and cooperatives

22.6

15.0

17.6

12.4

11.2

10.1

10.1

5.8

4.7

3.8

4.7

5.7

3.8

(NA)

2.8

2.1

2.7

1.6

2.1

1.4

1.9

2.2

26.6

27.3

16.0

8.3

11.8

7.1

2.6

3.1

4.7

4.9

4.2

4.9

Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries,

and chemical complexes, etc.

Conservation and development construction

Bridges, tunnels, and elevated highways
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Table 1. General Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

1992

Employees** Payroll

Number of

establish- ments AllConstruction workersAll employeesConstruction workers

Valueof construction work

Net

valueof construction work†

Value added††

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies, and fuels

AB C D E FGH I

United States 966 ------------------------ 13 112 10 409 296 028 214 621 1 059 133 927 986 775 026 207 375

Alabama 7 ------------------------------------- 186 165 2 796 2 301 5 671 5 387 6 878 (D)

Alaska 1 --------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Arizona *20 -------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 10 520 (D) (D)

Arkansas *6 ------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

California 136 ------------------------------------- 1 864 1 432 47 151 32 832 170 706 144 846 126 863 24 871

Colorado 5 ------------------------------------- 63 47 1 359 1 024 6 618 6 238 4 655 (D)

Connecticut 14 ----------------------------------- 119 89 2 688 1 741 10 321 9 977 (D) (D)

Delaware 4 ------------------------------------- *79 *65 (D) *1 206 *5 137 *4 629 *2 800 *1 829

District of Columbia 1 --------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida 45 --------------------------------------- 472 341 8 473 6 282 34 995 30 362 25 048 (D)

Georgia *18 -------------------------------------- 116 90 1 587 1 056 4 946 4 122 4 311 (D)

Hawaii 3 --------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Idaho 1 ---------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Illinois 62 ---------------------------------------- 1 602 1 312 34 519 27 266 98 876 85 152 74 209 (D)

Indiana 29 --------------------------------------- 191 141 3 033 2 511 11 628 11 253 8 166 3 799

Iowa *32 ----------------------------------------- 143 120 2 869 2 259 12 657 (D) 7 898 (D)

Kansas 13 --------------------------------------- 55 48 775 599 3 546 3 325 2 717 788

Kentucky 9 ------------------------------------- 81 65 1 601 1 297 6 017 (D) 3 720 (D)

Louisiana 13 ------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) 2 381 13 483 13 010 (D) (D)

Maine 3 ---------------------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (D) (S) (S)

Maryland 31 ------------------------------------- 615 493 13 231 9 770 44 273 40 139 32 615 (D)

Massachusetts 34 -------------------------------- 342 291 8 017 6 083 29 911 27 111 23 179 5 003

Michigan 55 ------------------------------------- 682 530 21 935 14 518 90 706 76 410 63 137 14 590

Minnesota *17 ------------------------------------ 132 110 3 531 2 771 14 294 12 315 (D) (D)

Mississippi – ------------------------------------ – – – – – – ––

Missouri 15 -------------------------------------- 152 111 3 073 2 127 17 632 10 042 8 201 2 159

Montana – ------------------------------------- – – – – – – ––

Nebraska 4 ------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Nevada 1 -------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

New Hampshire 9 ------------------------------- 73 61 (D) 1 108 6 110 (D) (D) (D)

New Jersey 37 ----------------------------------- 745 601 18 811 12 493 75 765 68 369 54 741 (D)

New Mexico 3 ---------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 633

New York 63 ------------------------------------ 1 101 915 25 583 18 771 88 750 79 720 66 073 14 682

North Carolina *23 -------------------------------- 321 186 5 553 4 009 16 188 10 957 16 730 (D)

North Dakota – --------------------------------- – – – – – – ––

Ohio 49 ----------------------------------------- 1 028 820 20 515 14 698 71 952 67 973 52 007 18 209

Oklahoma 13 ------------------------------------ 100 76 2 871 1 769 10 489 10 460 7 716 3 352

Oregon 12 -------------------------------------- 118 96 1 833 1 429 7 803 7 506 5 824 1 760

Pennsylvania 37 --------------------------------- 515 425 (D) 11 165 50 399 (D) 41 975 8 359

Rhode Island 12 --------------------------------- (D) 98 (D) 1 769 (D) (D) 4 329 (D)

South Carolina 6 -------------------------------- 41 29 645 339 2 386 (D) (D) 571

South Dakota – --------------------------------- – – – – – – ––

Tennessee 12 ----------------------------------- 98 80 1 436 1 147 5 371 (D) 3 331 1 072

Texas 47 ---------------------------------------- 676 569 15 388 10 363 58 732 45 887 33 409 13 165

Utah 2 ----------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Vermont (S) -------------------------------------- (D) (D) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Virginia 14 --------------------------------------- 128 103 2 661 1 889 7 267 6 711 5 295 (D)

Washington 22 ----------------------------------- 234 186 7 409 5 291 22 909 21 153 20 165 (D)

West Virginia 3 --------------------------------- (D) (D) 50 50 (D) (D) 105 75

Wisconsin 18 ------------------------------------ 114 88 2 819 1 932 11 217 10 024 8 244 1 895

Wyoming – ------------------------------------- – – – – – – ––

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Location

of

establishment

1992mCon. 1987

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to othersValue of construction work subcontracted in from othersRental

cost for machinery,

equipment,

and buildings

Capital

expenditures, other than land

End-of-year

gross

book value of depreciable assets

All employees**

Value of construction work

Value added††

J K L M N O P Q BGM

131 147 433 308 52 055 23 130 302 912 14 109 912 484 781 854 2 2 6 U.S.

284 557 (D) (D) 4 952 95 4 437 4 636 (Z) (Z) (D) AL

(D) – (D) *30 *2 092 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 65 AK

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (S) (S) (S) (D) 36 (D) AZ

(S) (D) (D) – – (D) 468 287 (S) (S) – AR

25 860 75 612 *13 227 2 681 46 792 2 572 132 149 113 285 5 7 32 CA

380 (D) *790 *213 *4 910 177 6 222 5 295 (Z) (Z) 65 CO

344 4 772 101 (D) 1 223 270 22 012 18 443 (Z) (Z) (D) CT

*508 (D) *557 (D) 3 004 (D) (D) (D) 57 53 (D) DE

– (D) (D) (D) (D) – – – (D) (D) (D) DC

4 633 5 745 1 622 630 14 022 297 17 859 15 226 7 11 7 FL

824 1 527 245 99 2 854 198 13 068 11 652 19 19 (Z) GA

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 26 2 636 2 413 (D) (D) (D) HI

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) ID

13 724 43 060 3 441 3 432 26 701 895 81 489 74 728 3 4 (Z) IL

*375 *2 088 *136 111 1 222 45 1 679 1 409 39 32 8 IN

(D) 1 502 107 79 1 733 *122 5 039 3 906 25 (D) (Z) IA

221 836 54 (D) 2 024 (D) (D) (D) 8 5 (D) KS

(D) (D) (D) (S) 2 836 52 2 912 2 508 (Z) (D) (S) KY

*473 (D) 313 *297 4 016 134 8 205 6 959 (D) 16 42 LA

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (S) (D) *1 096 (S) (D) (D) ME

4 135 21 425 2 360 802 12 031 766 37 403 33 514 4 4 (Z) MD

2 799 16 282 (S) (D) 6 516 327 32 808 27 366 13 4 (D) MA

14 296 40 987 5 077 1 714 21 337 654 81 751 67 723 4 5 12 MI

1 979 8 121 *1 339 962 8 106 *117 *6 195 *4 269 11 6 34 MN

– – – – – *81 2 861 2 675 – – – MS

7 590 6 264 918 404 3 533 107 12 822 8 646 14 13 (Z) MO

– – – – – (S) (S) (S) – – – MT

(D) (D) (D) – (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) – NE

(D) – (D) – – *97 5 780 5 691 (D) (D) – NV

(D) (D) 231 (D) 2 559 (S) (S) (S) 7 (D) (D) NH

(S) 35 964 2 119 *1 240 8 659 683 47 875 39 988 4 6 65 NJ

(D) 1 435 (D) (D) (D) 93 4 542 3 480 (D) (D) (D) NM

9 030 31 087 3 962 1 190 22 528 1 533 110 716 89 154 (Z) (Z) (Z) NY

5 231 2 448 (D) (D) (D) 357 17 729 (D) 24 25 (D) NC

– – – – – (D) 798 550 – – – ND

3 979 21 466 1 162 401 20 718 628 36 809 32 049 4 4 (Z) OH

*28 6 865 716 948 7 515 131 8 336 7 713 35 26 20 OK

297 1 831 (S) 173 1 176 89 7 116 5 301 19 16 (Z) OR

(D) 19 059 1 979 401 10 849 887 41 061 40 535 5 (D) (Z) PA

309 (D) (D) 133 2 007 87 8 546 7 560 (D) (D) 9 RI

(D) 809 78 (D) (D) *55 1 757 1 545 (Z) (D) (D) SC

––––––– – – – – SD

(D) 953 242 110 1 577 165 *10 159 *8 632 (Z) (D) (Z) TN

12 845 25 230 3 779 1 512 12 520 687 46 756 38 992 14 5 (Z) TX

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 162 5 491 3 611 (D) (D) (D) UT

– – – – (D) – – – (D) (S) – VT

*556 4 545 234 165 *7 424 425 25 551 24 155 26 27 21 VA

1 756 14 399 1 204 902 11 300 262 19 033 16 030 6 10 (Z) WA

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 42 (D) 1 882 (D) (D) (D) WV

1 193 555 434 1 021 5 990 136 5 479 4 927 3 4 (Z) WI

––––––– – – – – WY

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Table 2. Detailed Statistics for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and Earlier Census Years

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of

estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1982 1977 1992 1987 1982 1977

Number of establishments in business during year 966 -------------------------------------------------- 1 240 890 978 4 5 3 3

Proprietors and working partners ------------------------------------------------------------------ 197 241 223 359 10 16 11 6

All employees** --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 112 14 109 8 402 8 295 2 2 2 1

Construction workers:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 430 11 005 6 967 6 160 2 2 1 1

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 611 11 427 6 932 7 418 2 2 1 1

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 375 12 420 7 572 7 553 2 2 2 2

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 220 11 910 7 009 6 803 2 3 2 2

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 409 11 686 7 201 6 998 2 2 1 2

Other employees:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 626 2 288 1 201 1 235 3 3 2 2

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 725 2 459 (NA) (NA) 3 3 (NA) (NA)

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 668 2 423 (NA) (NA) 3 3 (NA) (NA)

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 791 2 503 (NA) (NA) 3 3 (NA) (NA)

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 702 2 422 (NA) (NA) 3 2 (NA) (NA)

Payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 296 028 261 459 130 077 89 020 1 2 1 1

Payroll, construction workers-------------------------------------------------------------------- 214 621 195 435 107 158 70 233 1 2 1 1

Payroll, other employees ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 81 406 66 024 22 919 18 787 2 2 1 1

First-quarter payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------- 67 924 56 428 29 731 18 809 3 2 1 1

Fringe benefits, all employees -------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 843 57 615 24 866 17 780 2 2 1 1

Legally required expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 357 42 391 17 693 11 186 2 3 2 1

Voluntary expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 485 15 224 7 173 6 594 2 3 1 1

Dollar value of business done--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 113 549 958 834 402 993 258 204 2 2 1 1

Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 059 133 912 484 376 895 240 630 2 2 1 1

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others 433 ---------------------------------------- 308 364 834 110 771 63 673 4 4 3 4

Other business receipts ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54 416 46 350 26 098 17 574 1 3 1 1

Net value of construction work†------------------------------------------------------------------- 927 986 844 714 340 696 229 161 2 2 1 1

Value added†† ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 775 026 781 854 313 761 210 606 2 2 1 1

Selected costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 338 522 176 979 89 232 47 598 3 4 1 1

Materials, components, and supplies ------------------------------------------------------------ 178 163 79 210 32 903 25 857 3 5 2 1

Construction work subcontracted out to others 131 --------------------------------------------------- 147 67 769 36 198 11 470 5 6 1 1

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants ------------------------------------------------------------ 29 212 30 000 20 130 10 271 3 3 2 2

Electricity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 668 2 285 1 346 801 3 6 2 2

Natural and manufactured gas ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 665 501 453 353 1 3 4 29

Gasoline and diesel fuel---------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 688 24 766 16 899 8 072 3 3 2 1

On highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 565 15 431 (NA) (NA) 3 3 (NA) (NA)

Off highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 123 9 334 (NA) (NA) 4 4 (NA) (NA)

Other, including lubricating oils and greases 2 ---------------------------------------------------- 192 2 446 1 431 1 046 3 4 2 2

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 52 ------------------------------------------------ 055 47 066 24 496 13 912 11 4 1 2 For machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 339 40 079 21 437 13 003 13 4 1 2 For buildings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 716 6 986 3 059 909 6 10 5 4

Selected purchased services --------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 435 46 977 23 209 16 881 3 4 1 1 Communication services------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 980 7 002 3 490 2 031 3 4 3 2 Repairs to buildings and other structures--------------------------------------------------------- 2 633 1 470 603 391 3 6 10 1 Repairs to machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------ 34 822 38 505 19 116 14 460 3 5 1 1

Ownership of construction projects: Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 059 133 912 484 376 895 240 630 2 2 1 1 Government owned-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 315 706 213 575 85 470 50 156 5 6 4 2 Federal----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 442 42 239 (NA) (NA) 10 9 (NA) (NA)

State and local ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260 264 171 336 (NA) (NA) 5 6 (NA) (NA)

Privately owned ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 743 427 698 908 291 424 190 475 3 2 2 2

24–6nnWRECKING AND DEMOLITION WORK CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation for Establishments With Payroll:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of estimate

(percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 293 -------------------------------------------- 948 244 635 5 4 Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 23 130 40 895 6 8 New ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 911 26 763 7 8 Used --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 219 14 132 9 13 Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 14 ------------------------------------------------- 166 11 624 12 7

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 302 ------------------------------------------------- 912 273 906 5 4

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 36 650 30 806 6 4

Buildings and Other Structures, Additions, and Related Facilities

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 32 -------------------------------------------- 802 21 683 2 7

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 819 2 770 14 24

New buildings and other structures ------------------------------------------------------------ 613 1 710 17 32

Used buildings and other structures------------------------------------------------------------ 206 1 060 20 37

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets------------------------------------------------- 25 *975 27 57

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 33 ------------------------------------------------- 596 23 478 2 7

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 748 2 057 4 9

Machinery and Equipment

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 261 -------------------------------------------- 146 222 952 6 4

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 22 311 38 125 6 8

New machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 18 --------------------------------- 297 25 053 7 8

New automobiles and trucks, intended primarily for highway use 6 -------------------------------- 383 13 180 12 5

Used machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 4 -------------------------------- 013 13 072 9 14

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 14 ------------------------------------------------- 141 10 649 12 5

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 269 ------------------------------------------------- 316 250 428 5 4

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 902 28 748 6 4

Table 4. Value of Inventories for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1991

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item Establishments with payroll

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent)

All establishments:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 966 4

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 059 133 2

Establishments with inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 177 5

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 281 195 3

Inventories1:

End of 1992, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 6 464 2

End of 1991, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 5 916 3

Establishments with no inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 300 5

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 361 337 3

Establishments not reporting:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 490 5

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 416 601 2

1Inventories at cost or market prior to any adjustment to correct to LIFO values.

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Table 5. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Employment Size Class:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with an average ofm

Total

1 to 4

employees

5 to 9

employees

10 to 19

employees

20 to 49

employees

50 to 99

employees

100 to 249

employees

250 to 499

employees

500 to 999

employees

1,000

employees

or more

1992

Number of establishments 966 -------------------------- 440 214 160 108 29 13 1 1 –

All employees** 13 ----------------------------------- 112 970 1 407 2 147 3 278 2 077 3 233 (D) (D) –

Payroll, all employees 296 ------------------------------ 028 16 692 27 533 50 007 83 251 53 022 65 522 (D) (D) –

Dollar value of business done 1 ----------------------- 113 549 95 309 126 028 206 234 287 270 199 282 199 426 (D) (D) –

Value of construction work 1 -------------------------- 059 133 93 450 121 763 201 712 278 593 188 287 175 327 (D) (D) –

Net value of construction work† 927 --------------------- 986 76 946 105 240 176 310 240 539 179 912 149 039 (D) (D) –

Value added†† 775 ------------------------------------- 026 56 445 83 365 143 240 202 059 153 482 136 435 (D) (D) –

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels 207 ---- 375 22 360 26 139 37 591 47 157 37 425 36 703 (D) (D) –

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others 131 - 147 16 504 16 523 25 403 38 054 8 375 26 288 (D) (D) –

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 52 --- 055 2 480 6 556 *12 792 16 229 13 998 (D) (D) (D) –

Capital expenditures, other than land 23 ----------------- 130 1 697 3 452 4 759 7 258 5 964 (D) (D) (D) –

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 302 --- 912 23 497 39 636 65 612 97 780 24 532 51 855 (D) (D) –

1987

All employees** 14 ----------------------------------- 109 1 575 1 890 2 267 3 317 1 999 3 059 (D) (D) –

Value of construction work 912 -------------------------- 484 89 489 133 446 157 078 249 187 283 281 (D) (D) (D) –

Value added†† 781 ------------------------------------- 854 73 148 103 927 130 246 220 526 157 804 96 203 (D) (D) –

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR OF

ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 ----------------------------------- 9 8 7 4 (Z) (Z) (D) (D) –

Net value of construction work† 2 --------------------- 10 7 7 2 (Z) (Z) (D) (D) –

Capital expenditures, other than land 6 ----------------- 7 8 22 7 (Z) (D) (D) (D) –

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

Table 6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done for

Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with dollar value of business done

Total

Less than

$25,000

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

to

$99,999

$100,000

to

$249,999

$250,000

to

$499,999

$500,000

to

$999,999

$1,000,000

to

$2,499,999

$2,500,000

to

$4,999,999

$5,000,000

to

$9,999,999

$10,000,000

or more

1992

Number of establishments 966 ----------------- (S) (S) 80 216 185 184 129 57 33 14

All employees** 13 -------------------------- 112 (S) (S) 128 675 1 172 1 846 2 371 1 999 2 512 2 346 Payroll, all employees 296 --------------------- 028 (S) (S) 1 531 8 811 18 129 35 828 55 041 53 271 63 029 59 978 Dollar value of business done 1 -------------- 113 549 (S) (S) 5 601 35 224 64 178 128 895 198 146 207 709 236 751 235 691 Value of construction work 1 ----------------- 059 133 (S) (S) 5 594 34 389 61 984 125 181 191 114 199 912 229 370 210 238 Net value of construction work† 927 ------------ 986 (S) (S) 5 492 31 054 57 863 113 171 168 755 173 319 377 002 (D)

Value added†† 775 ---------------------------- 026 (S) (S) 4 760 25 375 41 497 85 955 141 526 144 788 167 940 162 121 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and

fuels 207 ------------------------------------ 375 (S) (S) 739 6 514 18 561 30 930 34 262 36 327 79 775 (D)

Cost of construction work subcontracted out

to others 131 -------------------------------- 147 (S) (S) 102 (S) 4 120 12 010 22 358 26 593 62 606 (D)

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and

buildings 52 -------------------------------- 055 (S) (S) 193 (S) 3 176 4 855 8 444 15 430 9 709 8 911 Capital expenditures, other than land 23 -------- 130 (S) (S) 17 (S) 1 304 3 191 6 866 4 577 1 961 4 589 End-of-year gross book value of depreciable

assets 302 ---------------------------------- 912 (S) (S) *2 666 12 313 19 701 40 060 75 463 62 137 31 364 58 980

1987

All employees** 14 -------------------------- 109 (S) (S) (S) 1 302 (S) 1 794 2 972 1 851 4 265 (D)

Value of construction work 912 ----------------- 484 (S) (S) (S) 53 642 (S) 106 743 206 384 469 052 (D) (D)

Value added†† 781 ---------------------------- 854 (S) (S) (S) 42 599 (S) 93 111 169 400 134 017 280 497 (D)

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR

OF ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 -------------------------- (S) (S) 15 7 15 7 4 3 (Z) (Z)

Net value of construction work† 2 ------------ (S) (S) 16 8 13 8 5 5 (Z) (D)

Capital expenditures, other than land 6 -------- (S) (S) 21 (S) 13 4 17 7 (Z) (Z)

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

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Table 7. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Type of

Construction: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Type of construction

Value of construction work

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent) for columnm

Total

New

construction

Additions,

alterations, or

reconstruction

Maintenance

and repair

A B C DABC D

1992

Value of construction work 1 -------------------------------------------- 059 133 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 782 322 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 117 358 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Single-family houses, detached 107 ---------------------------------------------- 178 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 10 180 (S) (S) (S) 9 (S) (S) (S)

Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives 30 ---------------------------------------------- 042 (S) (S) (S) 10 (S) (S) (S)

Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 10 ------------- 882 (S) (S) (S) 8 (S) (S) (S)

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 118 917 (S) (S) (S) 3 (S) (S) (S)

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 186 773 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Industrial buildings and warehouses 258 -------------------------------------------- 068 (S) (S) (S) 1 (S) (S) (S)

Industrial buildings ---------------------------------------------------------- 239 228 (S) (S) (S) 1 (S) (S) (S)

Warehouses --------------------------------------------------------------- 18 840 (S) (S) (S) 5 (S) (S) (S)

Educational buildings --------------------------------------------------------- 22 466 (S) (S) (S) 3 (S) (S) (S)

Hospitals and institutional buildings 20 --------------------------------------------- 025 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Other nonresidential buildings 17 -------------------------------------------------- 790 (S) (S) (S) 13 (S) (S) (S)

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 251 837 (S) (S) (S) 3 (S) (S) (S)

Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guard rails, highway

signs, lighting, etc.----------------------------------------------------------- 49 957 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Bridges, tunnels, and elevated highways 28 ---------------------------------------- 486 (S) (S) (S) 9 (S) (S) (S)

Conservation and development construction 39 ------------------------------------- 833 (S) (S) (S) 13 (S) (S) (S)

Sewers, water mains, and related facilities 17 -------------------------------------- 925 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Mass transit construction ------------------------------------------------------ *6 426 (S) (S) (S) 46 (S) (S) (S)

Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. 50 -------------------- 169 (S) (S) (S) 1 (S) (S) (S)

Other nonbuilding construction 59 ------------------------------------------------- 043 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 24 974 (NA) (NA) (NA) 4 (NA) (NA) (NA)

1987

Value of construction work 912 -------------------------------------------- 484 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 518 990 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 60 203 (S) (S) (S) 8 (S) (S) (S)

Single-family houses, detached 52 ---------------------------------------------- 773 (S) (S) (S) 7 (S) (S) (S)

Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 7 429 (S) (S) (S) 22 (S) (S) (S)

Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type

condominiums, and cooperatives 18 ---------------------------------------------- 865 (S) (S) (S) 4 (S) (S) (S)

Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 14 ------------- 373 (S) (S) (S) 8 (S) (S) (S)

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 92 140 (S) (S) (S) 1 (S) (S) (S)

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 113 540 (S) (S) (S) 3 (S) (S) (S)

Industrial buildings and warehouses 155 -------------------------------------------- 531 (S) (S) (S) 1 (S) (S) (S)

Industrial buildings ---------------------------------------------------------- 136 744 (S) (S) (S) 1 (S) (S) (S)

Warehouses --------------------------------------------------------------- 18 787 (S) (S) (S) 3 (S) (S) (S)

Educational buildings --------------------------------------------------------- 12 769 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Hospitals and institutional buildings 20 --------------------------------------------- 045 (S) (S) (S) 3 (S) (S) (S)

Other nonresidential buildings 31 -------------------------------------------------- 524 (S) (S) (S) 7 (S) (S) (S)

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 203 432 (S) (S) (S) 6 (S) (S) (S)

Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guard rails, highway

signs, lighting, etc.----------------------------------------------------------- 51 949 (S) (S) (S) 11 (S) (S) (S)

Bridges, tunnels, and elevated highways 14 ---------------------------------------- 832 (S) (S) (S) 36 (S) (S) (S)

Sewers, water mains, and related facilities 16 -------------------------------------- 064 (S) (S) (S) 7 (S) (S) (S)

Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. 35 -------------------- 028 (S) (S) (S) 2 (S) (S) (S)

Other nonbuilding construction 85 ------------------------------------------------- 559 (S) (S) (S) 8 (S) (S) (S)

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 190 062 (NA) (NA) (NA) 2 (NA) (NA) (NA)

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Table 8. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Specialization in Types of

Construction: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. This table presents selected statistics for establishments according to degree of specialization in major types of construction

work. If number of establishments or value of construction work for a given type of specialization are relatively insignificant, data may not be shown. In addition, data are not shown in this table

where distribution of the value of construction work by type of construction was not provided in table 7. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms,

see appendix A]

Item

Value of construction work Relative standard error

of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Number of

establishmentsAll

employees**

Payroll, all

employees

For

all types

For

specialized

type

Net

value of

construction

work†

Value

added††

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

A B C D E F G HBDH

All establishments 966 -------------------------------- 13 112 296 028 1 059 133 636 486 927 986 775 026 131 147 2 2 5

Establishments not specializing by type 214 ---------------------- 3 678 99 502 333 110 (NA) 294 255 262 149 38 855 3 4 6 Establishments specializing 51 percent or more 752 --------------- 9 433 196 526 726 023 636 486 633 731 512 877 92 292 2 2 7

SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSES, DETACHED

All establishments specializing in type 155 ------------- 880 13 644 60 670 48 637 55 893 42 953 4 777 15 12 13

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 60 -------------------------------- 313 4 315 17 859 17 859 16 374 12 019 1 485 28 25 5

90 to 99 percent specialization 35 ---------------------------- 162 2 693 11 723 10 772 11 012 7 643 711 23 17 15

80 to 89 percent specialization 7 ---------------------------- 49 1 152 3 730 3 057 2 624 3 071 1 106 3 14 18

70 to 79 percent specialization 25 ---------------------------- 107 2 035 7 940 5 825 7 426 6 734 514 23 28 33

60 to 69 percent specialization 16 ---------------------------- *201 2 467 11 140 6 692 10 968 7 860 172 41 28 6

51 to 59 percent specialization *12 ---------------------------- *47 981 *8 278 *4 432 *7 488 5 627 *790 47 49 66

OTHER COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS SUCH AS

STORES, RESTAURANTS, AND AUTOMOBILE

SERVICE STATIONS

All establishments specializing in type 105 ------------- 1 481 31 906 134 967 114 215 106 054 88 630 28 912 6 9 22

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 43 -------------------------------- 556 9 929 41 678 41 678 35 131 28 191 6 546 14 19 35

90 to 99 percent specialization 20 ---------------------------- 307 6 238 33 772 30 649 23 352 19 528 *10 420 11 25 57

80 to 89 percent specialization 10 ---------------------------- 125 3 078 16 974 14 104 (D) 7 953 (D) (Z) (Z) (D)

70 to 79 percent specialization 13 ---------------------------- 237 5 438 15 593 11 531 14 381 14 463 1 212 (Z) (Z) (Z)

60 to 69 percent specialization 10 ---------------------------- 157 4 727 16 922 10 614 14 305 12 234 2 617 14 7 (Z)

51 to 59 percent specialization 10 ---------------------------- 98 2 496 10 029 5 639 (D) 6 261 (D) 31 35 (D)

INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

All establishments specializing in type 65 ------------- 2 638 53 980 190 504 164 938 172 767 144 648 17 737 3 2 1

Establishments with m 100 percent specialization 24 -------------------------------- 1 016 18 905 79 393 79 393 75 821 56 030 3 572 (Z) (Z) (Z)

90 to 99 percent specialization 2 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

80 to 89 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) 30 113 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

70 to 79 percent specialization *17 ---------------------------- 341 9 555 39 160 27 726 31 508 28 374 7 652 20 8 3 60 to 69 percent specialization 8 ---------------------------- 199 4 191 10 657 6 536 9 309 9 127 1 348 (Z) (Z) (Z)

51 to 59 percent specialization 2 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

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Table 9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment for Establishments With Payroll by

State: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Construction workers1

Relative standard error of estimate (percent) for columnm Number of

establishments

Average

number of

construction

workers

January

to March

April

to June

July

to September

October

to December

A B C D E FABCDE F

United States 966 ----------- 10 409 9 430 10 611 11 375 10 220 4 2 2 2 2 2

Alabama 7 ------------------------ 165 171 180 167 142 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Alaska 1 -------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Arizona *20 ------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 43 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Arkansas *6 ----------------------- (S) (S) (S) *20 *11 67 (S) (S) (S) 74 67

California 136 ----------------------- 1 432 932 1 588 1 672 1 533 13 5 5 4 5 7

Colorado 5 ------------------------ 47 44 38 53 52 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Connecticut 14 --------------------- 89 89 80 92 96 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Delaware 4 ----------------------- *65 *60 *62 *69 *68 35 55 56 56 59 53 District of Columbia 1 -------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida 45 -------------------------- 341 323 337 378 328 20 10 10 9 10 10

Georgia *18 ------------------------- 90 *134 89 67 71 42 25 45 17 (Z) (Z) Hawaii 3 -------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Idaho 1 --------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Illinois 62 -------------------------- 1 312 1 220 1 266 1 505 1 257 20 2 2 2 2 2 Indiana 29 ------------------------- 141 140 160 134 129 29 32 35 25 31 38

Iowa *32 ---------------------------- 120 91 152 138 97 40 25 29 26 25 31 Kansas 13 ------------------------- 48 46 47 54 44 34 9 10 10 8 10 Kentucky 9 ------------------------ 65 74 68 60 59 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Louisiana 13 ----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 20 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Maine 3 -------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (Z) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S)

Maryland 31 ------------------------ 493 456 502 512 503 25 4 4 4 5 4 Massachusetts 34 ------------------ 291 269 339 287 271 12 14 15 19 11 8 Michigan 55 ------------------------ 530 499 566 564 491 14 3 4 3 4 4 Minnesota *17 ----------------------- 110 (D) (D) 156 118 44 14 (D) (D) 24 19

Mississippi – ---------------------- –––– –––––– –

Missouri 15 ------------------------ 111 110 118 121 96 21 11 8 13 13 7 Montana – ------------------------ –––– –––––– – Nebraska 4 ----------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Nevada 1 ------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

New Hampshire 9 ----------------- 61 56 70 66 50 27 8 4 10 11 5

New Jersey 37 --------------------- 601 545 606 658 594 5 5 3 3 5 7 New Mexico 3 --------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) New York 63 ----------------------- 915 857 936 987 881 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

North Carolina *23 ------------------- 186 178 187 199 181 41 24 25 24 23 25 North Dakota – -------------------- –––– –––––– –

Ohio 49 ---------------------------- 820 727 811 896 847 22 4 3 4 4 4

Oklahoma 13 ----------------------- 76 69 76 84 76 38 39 29 39 35 33

Oregon 12 ------------------------- 96 110 (S) (S) 95 11 19 21 (S) (S) 21

Pennsylvania 37 -------------------- 425 386 437 465 413 8 4 4 4 5 5

Rhode Island 12 -------------------- 98 82 94 (D) (D) 12 6 7 6 (D) (D)

South Carolina 6 ------------------ 29 24 33 30 28 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

South Dakota – ------------------- –––– –––––– –

Tennessee 12 ---------------------- 80 74 73 85 88 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Texas 47 -------------------------- 569 636 547 584 508 18 15 21 13 11 12

Utah 2 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Vermont (S) ------------------------ (D) (S) (D) (S) (D) (S) (D) (S) (D) (S) (D)

Virginia 14 ------------------------- 103 110 95 85 122 25 24 25 29 26 18

Washington 22 --------------------- 186 172 159 233 180 34 8 9 9 6 4

West Virginia 3 -------------------- (D) 9 9 (D) (D) (Z) (D) (Z) (Z) (D) (D)

Wisconsin 18 ----------------------- 88 72 65 110 105 19 4 5 5 3 3

Wyoming – ------------------------ –––– –––––– –

1Construction workers during pay periods including 12th of March, May, August, and November.

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Table 10. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Location of

Construction Work: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of construction work

1992

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Construction work done by

establishments located in

this State

Construction work done by

establishments not located

in this State

Value of

construction

work done in

this State Number

Value of

construction

work Number

Value of

construction

work

1987

value of

construction

work done in

this State

Percent

change

1987

(col F)

to

1992

(col A)

A B C D E F G A CE

United States 1 ----------------------------------------------- 059 133 954 865 561 360 193 572 912 484 16.1 2 2 1

Alabama------------------------------------------------------------- 7 839 (S) 5 671 8 2 168 5 475 43.2 3 (Z) 9

Alaska -------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 1 (D) (S) (D) 2 658 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Arizona-------------------------------------------------------------- *9 691 *19 (D) 1 (D) 8 000 21.1 41 (D) (D)

Arkansas ------------------------------------------------------------ *5 248 *6 (S) 6 816 468 1 021.4 68 (S) (Z)

California ------------------------------------------------------------ 161 795 136 161 151 6 644 139 284 16.2 9 10 (Z)

Colorado ------------------------------------------------------------ (D) 5 (D) 1 (D) 6 640 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Connecticut ---------------------------------------------------------- 10 756 14 9 807 4 949 21 178 –49.2 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Delaware ------------------------------------------------------------ (D) 4 (D) 5 (D) 672 (D) (D) (D) (D)

District of Columbia (D) --------------------------------------------------- 1 (D) 14 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida -------------------------------------------------------------- 20 858 44 17 895 11 2 963 15 777 32.2 17 19 9

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------------- 7 301 *18 4 946 11 2 355 23 462 –68.9 13 19 (Z)

Hawaii--------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 3 (D) – – 2 636 (D) (D) (D) –

Idaho --------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 1 (D) 3 (D) 1 007 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Illinois --------------------------------------------------------------- 86 720 61 81 843 13 4 877 59 018 46.9 4 4 (Z)

Indiana -------------------------------------------------------------- 23 263 27 10 270 17 12 993 31 533 –26.2 14 32 2

Iowa ---------------------------------------------------------------- 13 349 *32 (D) 4 (D) 4 969 168.6 30 (D) (D)

Kansas -------------------------------------------------------------- 3 791 12 1 260 7 2 531 (D) (D) 4 12 (Z)

Kentucky ------------------------------------------------------------ 5 452 8 4 108 11 *1 344 3 545 53.8 17 (Z) 70

Louisiana ------------------------------------------------------------ 17 861 13 12 262 11 5 599 9 500 88.0 13 18 (Z)

Maine --------------------------------------------------------------- (D) (S) (D) 1 (D) *1 479 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Maryland ------------------------------------------------------------ 34 659 31 29 602 8 5 057 30 909 12.1 4 5 (Z)

Massachusetts 31 ------------------------------------------------------- 313 34 29 067 5 2 245 40 716 –23.1 4 4 (Z)

Michigan------------------------------------------------------------- 82 446 55 77 260 8 5 186 59 890 37.7 5 5 (Z)

Minnesota ----------------------------------------------------------- 14 797 *17 (D) 2 (D) *6 342 133.3 6 (D) (D)

Mississippi ----------------------------------------------------------- 819 – – 5 819 3 754 –78.2 22 – 22

Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------- 19 579 15 14 878 13 4 701 16 659 17.5 10 13 1

Montana------------------------------------------------------------- (D) – – 3 (D) (S) (D) (D) – (D)

Nebraska ------------------------------------------------------------ 3 716 (S) (D) 4 (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D)

Nevada-------------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (D) 4 (D) 4 546 (S) (S) (D) (D)

New Hampshire 4 ------------------------------------------------------ 643 (S) 4 218 *10 *425 5 016 –7.4 11 11 58

New Jersey ---------------------------------------------------------- 59 023 35 47 811 15 11 212 46 088 28.1 7 9 (Z)

New Mexico --------------------------------------------------------- 4 019 3 (D) 2 (D) *4 030 –.3 (Z) (D) (D)

New York------------------------------------------------------------ 118 573 63 86 077 18 32 496 103 966 14.0 (Z) (Z) (Z)

North Carolina 12 ------------------------------------------------------- 647 *23 (D) 6 (D) 17 930 –29.5 26 (D) (D) North Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- (D) – – 1 (D) 1 028 (D) (D) – (D)

Ohio ---------------------------------------------------------------- 62 848 48 49 687 15 13 160 27 677 127.1 5 6 1 Oklahoma ----------------------------------------------------------- 7 564 *12 (D) 2 (D) 8 142 –7.1 26 (D) (D)

Oregon -------------------------------------------------------------- 10 766 12 7 428 (S) 3 338 8 184 31.6 13 15 25 Pennsylvania--------------------------------------------------------- 58 063 37 32 718 19 25 345 42 575 36.4 3 6 2 Rhode Island--------------------------------------------------------- 6 169 12 5 659 4 510 7 844 –21.3 3 3 (Z)

South Carolina ------------------------------------------------------- 4 928 6 2 258 5 2 670 2 620 88.1 (Z) (Z) (Z)

South Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- (D) – – 2 (D) (D) (D) (D) – (D) Tennessee----------------------------------------------------------- 6 049 12 (D) 6 (D) *10 592 –42.9 (Z) (D) (D) Texas --------------------------------------------------------------- 56 610 47 46 090 14 10 520 47 008 20.4 4 5 (Z) Utah ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2 121 2 (D) 2 (D) 4 706 –54.9 (Z) (D) (D)

Vermont ------------------------------------------------------------- (S) (S) (D) 1 (D) (D) (D) (S) (D) (D)

Virginia -------------------------------------------------------------- 11 834 13 6 520 14 5 314 18 907 –37.4 18 32 4 Washington ---------------------------------------------------------- 27 194 22 22 113 9 5 082 19 753 37.7 7 9 2 West Virginia--------------------------------------------------------- 4 854 3 (D) 7 (D) 4 217 15.1 1 (D) (D) Wisconsin ----------------------------------------------------------- 7 908 18 7 562 4 346 5 513 43.4 7 7 6 Wyoming ------------------------------------------------------------ 89 – – 4 89 (D) (D) 14 – 14

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Table 11. Dollar Value of Business Done for Establishments With Payroll by

Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Based on their primary business activity or combination of activities, establishments were classified into this specific industry.

These establishments, however, may also be engaged in other kinds of business activities. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see

appendixes]

Primary and other kind of business activities

Dollar value of business done Relative standard error of estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

All kinds of business 1 ------------------------------------- 113 549 958 834 2 2

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN BUILDING

CONSTRUCTIONmCONTRACTORS

Excavating, earthmoving, and land clearing contractor, not connected

with buildings ---------------------------------------------------- 22 894 (NA) 16 (NA)

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS

Concrete breaking for streets and highways contractor 52 ---------------- 754 68 313 7 10

Excavating, earth and land clearing contractor, connected with

buildings -------------------------------------------------------- 22 918 26 620 8 5

Special cases----------------------------------------------------- 47 753 (NA) 4 (NA)

Steel tank dismantling contractor 43 ----------------------------------- 797 *5 229 11 41

Wrecking and demolition contractor, buildings and other structures 824 ----- 004 749 800 2 1

Other construction activities 43 ---------------------------------------- 007 48 841 6 12

OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Rental of construction machinery or equipment to others 7 -------------- 667 12 826 3 4

Retail trade------------------------------------------------------- 22 263 7 174 1 8

Wholesale trade -------------------------------------------------- 15 279 (NA) (Z) (NA)

Other business activities ------------------------------------------- 9 040 25 935 6 3

Kind of business activity, n.s.k. 2 ------------------------------------- 172 14 095 (Z) (Z)

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Table 12. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

1992 1987

Relative

standard error

of estimate

(percent)

for 1992

AVERAGE PER ESTABLISHMENT

Number of employees**---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13.6 11.4 3 Number of construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10.8 9.4 3 Number of all other employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.8 2.0 3 Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 306.4 210.9 3 Payroll, construction workers------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 222.1 157.6 3 Payroll, other employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 84.3 53.2 4

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 1 152.5 773.3 3 Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 1 096.1 735.9 3 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels do ----------------------------------------------------- -- 214.6 88.1 3 Construction work subcontracted to others do ------------------------------------------------------------ -- 135.7 54.7 6 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings do --------------------------------------------------- -- 53.9 38.0 11 Capital expenditures, other than land ----------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 23.9 33.0 7 Gross book value of depreciable assets do -------------------------------------------------------------- -- 313.5 220.9 6

AVERAGE PER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 22.6 18.5 1

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 84.9 68.0 1

Value added†† ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 59.1 55.4 1

AVERAGE PER CONSTRUCTION WORKER

Payroll, construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 20.6 16.7 1

Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 101.8 78.1 1

AVERAGE PER OTHER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, other employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------ $1,000-- 30.1 27.3 2

AVERAGE PER DOLLAR VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK

Payroll, all employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .280 .287 1

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels---------------------------------------------------------- .196 .120 2

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others ------------------------------------------------------ .124 .074 4

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others ---------------------------------------------------- .409 .400 2

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings -------------------------------------------------------- .049 .052 10

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Table 13. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Average per dollar value of construction work

Average

number of

employees**

per establishment

Payroll

per

employee

($1,000)

Value of

construction

work per

construction

worker

($1,000)

Payroll,

all employees

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies,

and fuels

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

Value of

construction

work subcontracted

in from others

Rental

cost for

machinery,

equipment,

and

buildings

United States 13.6 -------------------------------- 22.6 101.8 .280 .196 .124 .409 .049

Alabama 26.6 ---------------------------------------------- 15.0 34.4 .493 (D) .050 .098 (D)

Alaska (D) ----------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Arizona (D) ----------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Arkansas 6.9 --------------------------------------------- 16.6 192.7 .146 .346 .207 (D) (D)

California 13.7 --------------------------------------------- 25.3 119.2 .276 .146 .151 .443 .077

Colorado 12.6 --------------------------------------------- 21.6 140.8 .205 (D) .057 (D) .119

Connecticut 8.5 ------------------------------------------- 22.6 116.0 .260 (D) .033 .462 .010

Delaware 22.3 --------------------------------------------- (D) 79.0 (D) .356 .099 (D) .108

District of Columbia (D) ------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida 10.5 ----------------------------------------------- 18.0 102.6 .242 (D) .132 .164 .046

Georgia 6.4 ---------------------------------------------- 13.7 55.0 .321 (D) .167 .309 .050

Hawaii (D) ------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Idaho (D) ------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Illinois 25.7 ------------------------------------------------ 21.5 75.4 .349 (D) .139 .435 .035

Indiana 6.6 ----------------------------------------------- 15.9 82.5 .261 .327 *.032 .180 .012

Iowa 4.5 ------------------------------------------------- 20.1 105.5 .227 (D) (D) .119 .008

Kansas 4.2 ----------------------------------------------- 14.1 73.9 .219 .222 .062 .236 .015

Kentucky 9.0 --------------------------------------------- 19.8 92.6 .266 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Louisiana (D) --------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) .035 (D) .023

Maine (S) ------------------------------------------------ (S) (S) (S) (S) (D) (D) (D)

Maryland 19.7 --------------------------------------------- 21.5 89.8 .299 (D) .093 .484 .053

Massachusetts 10.2 ---------------------------------------- 23.4 102.8 .268 .167 .094 .544 (S)

Michigan 12.5 ---------------------------------------------- 32.2 171.1 .242 .161 .158 .452 .056

Minnesota 7.8 -------------------------------------------- 26.8 129.9 .247 (D) .138 .568 .094

Mississippi – -------------------------------------------- –––––– –

Missouri 10.3 ---------------------------------------------- 20.2 158.8 .174 .122 .430 .355 .052

Montana – ---------------------------------------------- –––––– –

Nebraska (D) --------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Nevada (D) ----------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

New Hampshire 8.1 --------------------------------------- (D) 100.2 (D) (D) (D) (D) .038

New Jersey 20.4 ------------------------------------------- 25.3 126.1 .248 (D) (S) .475 .028

New Mexico (D) ------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

New York 17.5 --------------------------------------------- 23.2 97.0 .288 .165 .102 .350 .045

North Carolina 14.0 ---------------------------------------- 17.3 87.0 .343 (D) .323 .151 (D)

North Dakota – ----------------------------------------- –––––– –

Ohio 20.9 ------------------------------------------------- 20.0 87.7 .285 .253 .055 .298 .016

Oklahoma 7.7 -------------------------------------------- 28.7 138.0 .274 .320 .003 .654 .068

Oregon 10.1 ----------------------------------------------- 15.5 81.3 .235 .226 .038 .235 (S)

Pennsylvania 13.9 ------------------------------------------ (D) 118.6 (D) .166 (D) .378 .039

Rhode Island (D) ------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

South Carolina 6.8 ---------------------------------------- 15.7 82.3 .270 .239 (D) .339 .033

South Dakota – ----------------------------------------- –––––– – Tennessee 8.2 -------------------------------------------- 14.7 67.1 .267 .200 (D) .177 .045 Texas 14.3 ------------------------------------------------ 22.8 103.2 .262 .224 .219 .430 .064 Utah (D) ------------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Vermont (D) ---------------------------------------------- (D) (D) .078 .501 – – –

Virginia 9.0 ----------------------------------------------- 20.8 70.6 .366 (D) .077 .625 .032

Washington 10.6 ------------------------------------------- 31.7 123.2 .323 (D) .077 .629 .053

West Virginia (D) ------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Wisconsin 6.3 -------------------------------------------- 24.7 127.5 .251 .169 .106 .049 .039 Wyoming – --------------------------------------------- –––––– –

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Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

Construction. Is composed of three broad categories:

1. New construction. Includes the complete, original

building of structures and essential service facilities

and the initial installation of integral equipment such as

elevators and plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning

supplies and equipment.

2. Additions, alterations, or reconstruction. Includes

construction work which adds to the value or useful life

of an existing building or structure, or which adapts a

building or structure to a new or different use. Included

are ‘‘major replacements’’ of building systems such as

the installation of a new roof or heating system and the

resurfacing of streets or highways. This contrasts to

the repair of a hole in a roof or the routine patching of

highways and streets, which would be classified as

maintenance and repair.

3. Maintenance and repair. Includes incidental construction work which keeps a property in ordinary working

condition. Excluded are trash and snow removal, lawn

maintenance and landscaping, and cleaning and janitorial services.

Number of establishments in business during year.

Includes all establishments that were in business at any

time during the year. It covers all full-year and part-year

operations. Construction establishments which were inactive or idle for the entire year were not included.

Proprietors and working partners. These data were not

collected on the census report forms. The data shown are

based on crediting each sole proprietorship establishment

with one active proprietor and each partnership establishment with two working partners.

All employees. Comprises all full-time and part-time employees on the payrolls of construction establishments who

worked or received pay for any part of the pay period

including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays,

and paid vacations during these pay periods. Officers of

corporations are included, but proprietors and partners of

unincorporated firms are not.

All employees is the sum of all employees during the

pay periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and

November, divided by 4.

Construction workers. Includes all workers up through

the working supervisor level directly engaged in construction operations, such as painters, carpenters, plumbers,

and electricians. Included are journeymen, mechanics,

apprentices, laborers, truck drivers and helpers, equipment

operators, and on-site record keepers and security guards.

Supervisory employees above the working foreman level

are excluded from this category but are included in the

‘‘other employees’’ category.

Other employees. Includes employees in executive,

purchasing, accounting, personnel, professional, and

technical activities, as well as routine office functions.

Also included are supervisory employees above the

working foreman level.

Payroll. Includes the gross earnings paid in the calendar

year 1992 to all employees on the payroll of construction

establishments. It includes all forms of compensation such

as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses,

vacation and sick leave pay, prior to such deductions as

employees’ Social Security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of these establishments, if a

corporation, but excludes payments to the proprietor or

partners, if unincorporated.

Fringe benefits. Represents expenditures made by the

employer during 1992 for legally required and voluntary

fringe benefit programs for employees.

Legally required contributions. Includes Social Security contributions, unemployment compensation, worker’s

compensation, and State temporary disability payments.

Voluntary payments. Includes life insurance premiums, pension plans, insurance premiums on hospital

and medical plans, welfare plans, and union negotiated benefits.

Dollar value of business done comprises the following

detail:

Value of construction work done. Includes all

value of construction work done during 1992 for

construction work performed by general contractors

and special trades contractors. Included is new construction, additions and alterations or reconstruction,

and maintenance and repair construction work. Also

included is the value of any construction work done

by the reporting establishments for themselves.

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Speculative builders were instructed to include the

value of buildings and other structures built or being

built for sale in 1992 but not sold. They were to

include the costs of such construction plus normal

profit. Also included is the cost of construction work

done on buildings for rent or lease.

Establishments engaged in the sale and installation

of such construction components as plumbing, heating, and central air-conditioning supplies and equipment; lumber and building materials; paint, glass, and

wallpaper; and electrical and wiring supplies, elevators or escalators were instructed to include both the

value for the installation and the receipts covering the

price of the items installed.

Excluded was the cost of industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment which are not an

integral part of a structure.

Other business receipts. Includes business receipts

not reported as value of construction work done. The

item includes business receipts from retail and wholesale trade, rental of equipment, manufacturing, transportation, legal service, insurance, finance, rental of

property and other real estate operations, and other

nonconstruction activities. Receipts for separately

definable architectural and engineering work for others are also included here.

Excluded was the value of construction work done and

receipts from other business operations in foreign countries and non-operating income such as interest and

dividends.

Net value of construction work. Derived for each establishment by subtracting the costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others from the value of construction

work done. (For a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in

Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Value added. Derived for each establishment, value

added is equal to dollar value of business done, less costs

for construction work subcontracted out to others, and

costs for materials, components, supplies, and fuels. (For

a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Selected costs. Represents the costs for materials,

components, and supplies; costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others; and costs for selected power,

fuels, and lubricants. Capital expenditures and rental costs

for machinery, equipment, and structures are shown elsewhere.

Costs for materials, components, and supplies include:

• total costs to reporting establishments during 1992 for

the purchase of all materials, components, and supplies,

except fuels. (Supplies include expendable tools which

are charged to current accounts.)

• freight and other direct charges representing only amount

paid after discounts, and the value of materials, components, and supplies obtained from other establishments

of the respondent’s company.

• costs for materials, components, and supplies used by

the reporting establishments in the construction or reconstruction of buildings/ structures for themselves which

are chargeable to their fixed assets accounts, as well as

costs for materials bought and resold to others.

• costs made for direct purchases of materials, components, and supplies even though the purchases were

subsequently provided to subcontractors for their use.

Excluded from this item are:

• industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment such as printing presses and computer systems,

which are not an integral part of a structure.

• materials furnished to contractors by the owners of

projects.

Costs for construction work subcontracted out to others

include:

• all costs during 1992 for construction work subcontracted out to other construction contractors.

Excluded from this item are:

• the costs to the reporting establishment for its purchases of materials, components, and supplies provided

to a subcontractor for use. Such costs are reported

under, ‘‘costs for materials, components, and supplies.’’

• costs for the rental of machinery or equipment.

Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants include:

• costs for fuels, lubricants, and electric energy purchased

during the year from other companies or received from

other establishments of the company.

• costs for natural and manufactured gas, fuel oil, coal,

and coke products.

Rental costs for machinery, equipment, and buildings.

Includes all costs during 1992 for renting or leasing

construction machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, production equipment, office equipment, furniture

and fixtures, scaffolding, office space, and buildings. It

excludes costs for the rental of land. It also excludes costs

under agreements which, in effect, are conditional sales

contracts such as capital leases. Such costs are included

in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Selected purchased services. Includes all costs during

1992 for communication services purchased from other

companies or from other establishments of the company. It

also includes the cost of all repairs made to structures and

equipment by outside companies or from other establishments of the same company. It includes only the cost of

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repair necessary to maintain property and equipment. It

excludes the cost of improvements that increase the value

of property or the cost of adapting it for another use. Such

costs are included in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Assets and depreciation. Refers to the original cost of all

fixed tangible assets such as buildings and other structures (offices and shops); stationary machinery (generators and shop equipment); mobile machinery (tractors and

trucks); and other equipment (office furniture and fixtures).

Not included are such items as current assets, depletable

assets, intangible assets, and nondepreciable assets.

Data on assets and depreciation were collected separately for: (1) buildings and other structures, additions, and

related facilities; and (2) machinery and equipment.

Respondents were also asked to report capitalized

expenditures, depreciation charges, and the gross value

of assets sold, retired, scrapped, and destroyed during

1992.

Capital expenditures. Refers to all costs actually incurred

during 1992 which were or would be chargeable to the

fixed assets accounts of the reporting establishments and

which were of the type for which depreciation accounts are

ordinarily maintained. These expenditures cover the acquisition, the construction, and the major alteration of the

reporting establishment’s own buildings and other structures, whether purchased, constructed under contract, or

constructed by the reporting establishment’s own forces;

and the acquisition of machinery and equipment.

If leasing arrangements met the criteria set down by the

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) for a capital

lease, respondents were instructed to report the original

cost or market value of that equipment or building as a

fixed asset and capital expenditure if acquired during 1992.

If capital expenditures were not recorded directly at the

establishment level but handled centrally at the company

or division level, respondents were requested to report

appropriate estimates for the individual establishments.

Inventories. Includes all of the materials and supplies

that are owned regardless of where they are held. Excludes

materials which are owned by others, but held by the

reporting establishment.

Builders who built on their own account for sale were

requested to exclude work in progress and finished units

not sold from inventories.

Inventories of multiestablishment companies were instructed to be reported by the establishment that is

responsible for the inventories even if these inventories

were held at a separate location.

Ownership of construction projects. Shows the distribution of the value of construction work done by ownership

of the project; that is, Government owned or privately

owned. This classification relates to the ownership of the

projects or work undertaken during the construction phase.

Government owned projects are shown separately for

Federal and State and local governments.

Value of construction work subcontracted in from

others. Includes the value of construction work during

1992 for work done by reporting establishments as subcontractors. Establishments were asked to report the

approximate percent of total value of construction work

accounted for by such work, and the percentages reported

were applied to the reported value of construction work to

develop a value for this item.

Types of construction. Provides data by the types of

buildings, structures, or other facilities being constructed

or worked on by construction establishments in 1992.

Respondents were instructed that each building, structure,

or other facility should be classified in terms of its function.

For example, a restaurant building was to be classified in

the restaurant category whether it was designed as a

commercial restaurant building or an auxiliary unit of an

educational institution. If respondents worked on more

than one type of building or structure in a multibuilding

complex, they were instructed to report separately for each

building or type of structure. If they worked on a building

that had more than one purpose; i.e, office and residential,

or commercial, they were to classify the building by major

purpose.

In addition, all respondents were requested to report the

percentage of the value of construction work done for new

construction, additions, alterations, or reconstruction, and

maintenance and repair work for each of these types. See

the definition of ‘‘Construction’’ for the meanings of these

terms.

Building construction:

• Single-family houses, detached. Includes all residential buildings constructed for one family use.

• Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses

and townhouse-type condominiums. Includes all residential buildings with two or more living quarters side by

side, completely independent of one another, and separated by an unbroken party or lot line wall from ground to

roof.

• Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type condominiums, and cooperatives. Includes high-rise, low-rise, or any structures

containing two or more housing units other than attached

single-family houses.

• Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins. Includes hotels,

motels, bed and breakfast inns, and tourist cabins

intended for transient accommodations. Also included

are hotel and motel conference centers.

• Other residential buildings. Includes dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, and other nonhousekeeping

residential structures.

• Office buildings. Includes all buildings which are used

primarily for office space or for government administrative offices. Also included are banks or financial buildings which are three stories or more. Medical office

buildings are reported under hospitals and institutional

buildings.

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• Other commercial buildings, such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service stations. Includes all

buildings which are intended for use primarily in the retail

and service trades. For example, shopping centers,

department stores, drug stores, restaurants, public garages,

auto service stations, and one or two story bank or

financial institutions.

• Industrial buildings. Includes all industrial buildings

and plants which are used to house production and

assembly activities. Note that industrial parks should be

classified under its primary usage such as warehouses,

office space, commercial or industrial type buildings.

Heavy industrial facilities such as blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, and chemical complexes are not included

in this category but are reported under nonbuilding

construction.

• Warehouses. Includes commercial warehouses, cold

storage plants, grain elevators, mini-warehouses, and

other such storage buildings.

• Religious buildings. Includes all buildings which are

intended for religious services or functions such as

churches, synagogues, convents, monasteries, and seminaries.

• Educational buildings. Includes all buildings which are

used directly in administrative and instructional activities

such as colleges, universities, elementary and secondary schools, correspondence, commercial, and trade

schools. Libraries, museums, and art galleries, as well as

laboratories which are not a part of a manufacturing or

commercial establishment, are also included.

• Hospitals and institutional buildings. Includes medical office buildings and all other buildings which are

intended to provide hospital and institutional care such

as clinics, infirmaries, sanitariums, nursing homes, homes

for the aged, and orphanages.

• Farm buildings, nonresidential. Includes nonresidential farm buildings such as barns, poultry houses, implement sheds, and farm silos.

• Amusement, social, and recreational buildings. Includes buildings which are used primarily for entertainment, social, and recreational activities such as sports

arenas, convention centers, theaters, music halls, golf

and country club buildings, skating rinks, fitness centers,

bowling alleys, and indoor swimming pools.

• Other nonresidential buildings. Includes nonresidential buildings which are not classified elsewhere such as

fire stations, post offices, bus and air passenger terminals and hangars, and prisons.

Nonbuilding construction:

• Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guardrails, highway signs, and lighting. Includes streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, culverts, right-of-way drainage, erosion control, and

lighting. Also includes earthwork protective structures

when used in connection with road improvements.

• Outdoor swimming pools. Includes wading pools and

reflecting pools.

• Airport runways and related work. Includes runways,

taxiways, aprons, and related work.

• Private driveways and parking areas. Includes all

nonstructural parking areas and private driveways of all

surface types.

• Fencing. Includes all types of fencing.

• Recreationalfacilities. Includes athletic fields,golf courses,

outdoor tennis courts, trails, and camps.

• Tunnels. Includes highway, pedestrian, railroad, and

water distribution tunnels.

• Bridges and elevated highways. Includes viaducts

and overpasses, roads, highways, railroads, and causeways built on structural supports.

• Dam and reservoir construction. Includes hydroelectric, water supply, and flood control dams and reservoirs.

• Marine construction. Includes dredging, underwater

rock removal, breakwaters, navigational channels, and

locks.

• Harbor and port facilities. Includes docks, piers, and

wharves.

• Conservation and development construction. Includes

land reclamation, irrigation projects, drainage canals,

levees, jetties, breakwaters, and flood control projects.

• Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities. Includes electric power lines,

telephone and telegraph lines, fiber optic cables, cable

television lines, television and radio towers, and electric

light and power facilities.

• Sewers, sewerlines, septic tanks, and related facilities. Includes sanitary and storm sewers, pumping stations, septic systems, and related facilities.

• Water mains and related facilities. Includes water

supply systems, pumping stations, and related facilities.

• Pipeline construction other than sewer or

waterlines. Includes pipelines for the transmission of

gas, petroleum products, and liquefied gases.

• Urban mass transit. Includes subways, trollies, street

cars, and light rail systems.

• Railroad construction. Includes the construction of

railroad beds, tracks, freight yards, and signal towers for

systems other than urban mass transit.

• Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. Includes coke ovens and mining appurtenances such as tipples and washeries.

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• Power plants, nuclear. Includes atomic energy plants

and nuclear reactors.

• Power plants, and cogeneration plants, except nuclear. Includes electric and steam generating plants and

cogenerating plants.

• Sewage treatment plants. Includes sewage treatment

and waste disposal plants.

• Water treatment plants. Includes water filtration and

water softening plants.

• Ships. Includes special trade contractors working on

ships and boats such as painters, carpenters, joiners,

electricians, etc.

• Other nonbuilding construction. Includes all types of

nonbuilding construction not included elsewhere.

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Appendix B.

Standard Industrial Classification Titles for

Industry Groups and Industries

SIC

code Industry titles

15 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—GENERAL

CONTRACTORS AND OPERATIVE

BUILDERS

152 General Building Contractors—Residential

Buildings

1521 General Contractors—Single-Family Houses

1522 General Contractors—Residential Buildings,

Other Than Single-Family

153 Operative Builders

1531 Operative Builders

154 General Building Contractors—Nonresidential

Buildings

1541 General Contractors—Industrial Buildings and

Warehouses

1542 General Contractors—Nonresidential Buildings,

Other Than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses

16 HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—

CONTRACTORS

161 Highway and Street Construction, Except

Elevated Highways

1611 Highway and Street Construction Contractors,

Except Elevated Highways

162 Heavy Construction, Except Highway and

Street Construction

1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway

Construction Contractors

1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications

and Power Line Construction Contractors

1629 Heavy Construction Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS

171 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

1711 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

172 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

1721 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

SIC

code Industry titles

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS—Con.

173 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

1731 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

174 Masonry, Stone Work, Tile Setting, and

Plastering Special Trade Contractors

1741 Masonry, Stone Setting, and Other Stone

Work Special Trade Contractors

1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical, and Insulation

Work Special Trade Contractors

1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

175 Carpentry and Floor Work Special Trade

Contractors

1751 Carpentry Work Special Trade Contractors

1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work Special

Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

176 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

177 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

1771 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

178 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

1781 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

179 Miscellaneous Special Trade Contractors

1791 Structural Steel Erection Special Trade

Contractors

1793 Glass and Glazing Work Special Trade

Contractors

1794 Excavation Work Special Trade Contractors

1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work Special

Trade Contractors

1796 Installation or Erection of Building Equipment,

Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

1799 Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

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Appendix C.

Geographic Divisions and States

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut

Maine

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey

New York

Pennsylvania

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois

Indiana

Michigan

Ohio

Wisconsin

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa

Kansas

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

North Dakota

South Dakota

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Maryland

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES—Con.

North Carolina

South Carolina

Virginia

West Virginia

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama

Kentucky

Mississippi

Tennessee

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Texas

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona

Colorado

Idaho

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Wyoming

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

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1992 CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES

The Census of Construction Industries is taken once

every 5 years. The census covers all establishments

engaged in construction, including:

• Building contractors

• Heavy construction contractors

• Special trade contractors (including plumbers, carpenters, painters, electricians)

Data products in the census of construction industries are

issued in four publication series and in three media:

Printed reports [P]

CD-ROM [C]

Highlights online [+ ]

Preliminary Industry Series

(CC92-I-1(P) to -27(P))

(Available July 1994 through January 1995) [P] [C]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing national statistics for establishments with payroll. Statistics shown for 1992 include:

• Number of establishments

• Number of employees

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done, by type of structure

• Selected operating costs

Final Industry Series

(CC92-I-1 to -27)

(Available April 1995 through August 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing statistics for the Nation and individual States on establishments with payroll. These reports

update figures from the preliminary industry series (employment, payroll, value of construction, etc.) and provide

measures of the following:

• Capital expenditures

• Inventories

• Industry profiles

• Assets

• Depreciation

• And much more

Geographic Area Series

(CC92-A-1 to -10)

(Available August 1995 through December 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Nine reports on the construction industries, representing each census geographic division, and a U.S. summary

report. Regional reports provide detailed data for States

and metropolitan areas.

Subject Report—Legal Form of Organization

and Type of Operation (CC92-S-1)

(Available August 1995) [P] [C]

One report providing selected national statistics for

each industry by legal form of organization and type of

operation. This report includes data for establishments

with and without payroll. Data in this report include—

• Employment

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done

• Selected operating costs

OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUS REPORTS

The census of construction industries is part of the 1992

Economic Census. The economic census is conducted at

5-year intervals in years ending in 2 and 7 and consists of

eight separate censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

...plus several related programs: enterprise statistics; information on minority-owned and women-owned businesses;

and the census of outlying areas, including separate

economic census of Puerto Rico and other outlying areas.

The census of agriculture and census of governments are

conducted separately.

HOW TO ORDER DATA PRODUCTS

Order forms for the specific reports and other data

products may be obtained from Data User Services Division, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300. If you have any questions, call

Census Customer Services 1-301-457-4100.

Publication Program