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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-9

INDUSTRY SERIES

Heavy Construction

Contractors,

Not Elsewhere Classified

Industry 1629

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-9

INDUSTRY SERIES

Heavy Construction

Contractors,

Not Elsewhere Classified

Industry 1629

U.S. Department of Commerce

Ronald H. Brown, Secretary

David J. Barram, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Issued October 1995
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Many persons participated in the various activities of the 1992 Census of Construction

Industries. The overall planning and review of the census operations were performed by the

Economic Census Staff of the Economic Planning and Coordination Division.

This report was prepared in the Manufacturing and Construction Division. Barry A. Rappaport,

Assistant Chief for Construction and Mineral Census and Related Programs, was responsible for

the overall planning, management, and coordination of the census of construction industries.

Planning and implementation were under the direction of Patricia L. Horning, Chief, Construction

and Mineral Census Branch, with staff assistance by Juliana Van Berkum, Jennifer L. Evans,

Susan L. Hostetter, Doris M. Kling, Carolyn J. Stone, and Linda M. Taylor. The sampling plans

and variance and estimation specifications were developed by Dennis K. Duke. Under the

direction of C. Lloyd Anderson, the Systems Support Staff maintained the small computers and

assisted in the management of computer output.

Systems and procedures for mailout, receipt, correspondence, data input, industry classification, other clerical processing, administrative-record processing, quality control, and the associated electronic computer programs, were developed in the Economic Planning and Coordination

Division.

Mailout preparation and receipt operations, clerical and analytical review activities, data

keying, and geocoding review were performed by the staff of the Data Preparation Division,

Judith N. Petty, Chief.

Geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs were developed by the staff

of the Geography Division, Joel Morrison, Chief.

The computer processing systems were developed and coordinated in the Economic

Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Paulter, Jr., Chief, and Sarah W.

Baumgardner, Assistant Chief. Samuel Rozenel, Chief, Current Construction Branch, was

responsible for the design and implementation of the computer systems. The computer programs

were prepared under the supervision of Leonard S. Sammarco and Kevin J. Montgomery.

Computer processing was performed in the Computer Services Division, Marvin D. Raines,

Chief.

The staff of the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief,

performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement

for the publications and report forms. Bernadette J. Gayle provided publication coordination and

editing.

Special acknowledgment is also due the many businesses whose cooperation has contributed

to the publication of these data.

If you have any questions concerning the statistics in this report, call 301-457-4680.

Acknowledgments
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MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

David W. Cartwright, Chief

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Harry A. Scarr, Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider, Principal Associate

Director for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker, Associate

Director for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

ECONOMIC PLANNING AND COORDINATION

DIVISION

John P. Govoni, Chief

Economics and Statistics

Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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Introduction to

the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC

CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product, input/ output measures, production and

price indexes, and other statistical series that measure

short-term changes in economic conditions.

Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data, especially in monitoring economic activity and

providing assistance to business.

State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions

and to develop programs to attract business.

Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries and keep their members informed of

market changes.

Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

Title 13 of the United States Code (sections 131, 191,

and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic

census every 5 years, covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The 1992 Economic Census consists of the following eight

censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

Special programs also cover enterprise statistics and

minority-owned and women-owned businesses. (The 1992

Census of Agriculture and 1992 Census of Governments

are conducted separately.) The next economic census is

scheduled to be taken in 1998 covering the year 1997.

AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA

The results of the economic census are available in

printed reports for sale by the U.S. Government Printing

Office and on compact discs for sale by the Census

Bureau. Order forms for all types of products are available

on request from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,

Washington, DC 20233-8300. A more complete description of publications being issued from this census is on the

inside back cover of this document.

Census facts are also widely disseminated by trade

associations, business journals, and newspapers. Volumes containing census statistics are available in most

major public and college libraries. Finally, State data

centers in every State as well as business and industry

data centers in many States also supply economic census

statistics.

WHAT’S NEW IN 1992

The 1992 Economic Census covers more of the economy

than any previous census. New for 1992 are data on

communications, utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate,

as well as coverage of more transportation industries. The

economic, agriculture, and governments censuses now

collectively cover nearly 98 percent of all economic activity.

Among other changes, new 1992 definitions affect the

boundaries of about a third of all metropolitan areas. Also,

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses has now been

expanded to include all corporations.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1963, 1958, and 1954. Prior to that time, the individual

subcomponents of the economic census were taken separately at varying intervals.

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The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for 1840 and subsequent censuses to include mining and some commercial activities. In

1902, Congress established a permanent Census Bureau

and directed that a census of manufactures be taken every

5 years. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first time

a census was taken apart from the regular every-10-year

population census.

The first census of business was taken in 1930, covering 1929. Initially it covered retail and wholesale trade and

construction industries, but it was broadened in 1933 to

include some of the service trades.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated—providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firms

provided by the administrative records of other Federal

agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also have

been used to provide basic statistics for very small firms,

reducing or eliminating the need to send them census

questionnaires. The Enterprise Statistics Program, which

publishes combined data from the economic census, was

made possible with the implementation of the integrated

census program in 1954.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses has continued to expand. The census of construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and the

scope of service industries was broadened in 1967, 1977,

and 1987. The census of transportation began in 1963 as

a set of surveys covering travel, transportation of commodities, and trucks, but expanded in 1987 to cover business

establishments in several transportation industries. For

1992, these statistics are incorporated into a broadened

census of transportation, communications, and utilities.

Also new for 1992 is the census of financial, insurance,

and real estate industries. This is part of a gradual expansion in coverage of industries previously subjected to

government regulation.

The Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises

was first conducted as a special project in 1969 and was

incorporated into the economic census in 1972 along with

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses.

An economic census has also been taken in Puerto

Rico since 1909, in the Virgin Islands of the United States

and Guam since 1958, and in the Commonwealth of the

Northern Mariana Islands since 1982.

Statistical reports from the 1987 and earlier censuses

provide historical figures for the study of long-term time

series and are available in some large libraries. All of the

census data published since 1967 are still available for

sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT

ECONOMIC DATA

While the census provides complete enumerations every

5 years, there are many needs for more frequent data as

well. The Census Bureau conducts a number of monthly,

quarterly, and annual surveys, with the results appearing in

publication series such as Current Business Reports (retail

and wholesale trade and service industries), the Annual

Survey of Manufactures, Current Industrial Reports, and

the Quarterly Financial Report. Most of these surveys,

while providing more frequent observations, yield less

kind-of-business and geographic detail than the census.

The County Business Patterns program offers annual

statistics on the number of establishments, employment,

and payroll classified by industry within each county.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1992 Economic Census and Related Statistics. More information on the methodology, procedures,

and history of the census will be published in the History of

the 1992 Economic Census. Contact Customer Services

for information on availability.

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Census of Construction

GENERAL

The 1992 Census of Construction Industries covers all

employer establishments (establishments with payroll) primarily engaged in contract construction or construction on

their own account for sale as defined in the Standard

Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC). This industrial classification system has been developed by experts

on classification in government and private industry under

the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget and

is in general use among government agencies and among

organizations outside the government.

Contract construction. The SIC manual defines construction in three broad types of activity:

1. Building construction by general contractors or by

operative builders. General building contractors are

primarily engaged in the construction of dwellings,

office buildings, stores, farm buildings, and other building projects. Operative builders who build on their own

account for sale are also included here. However,

investment builders who build structures on their own

account for rent are classified in Real Estate.

2. Heavy construction general contractors. Heavy construction general contractors are primarily engaged in

the construction of highways, bridges, pipelines, sewers and water lines, marine construction, power, and

petro-chemical plants and other nonbuilding construction projects. Special trade contractors are classified

in heavy construction, if they are specifically engaged

in the following activities: grading for highway and

airport runways; guardrail construction; installation of

highway signs; asphalt and concrete construction of

roads, highways, streets, and public sidewalks; trenching, cable laying; conduit construction; underwater

rock removal; pipeline wrapping; or land clearing and

leveling.

3. Constructionby other specialtrade contractors. These

contractors include plumbers, painters, carpenters,

electricians, brick layers, roofers, etc. For the most

part, they perform their work at the site of construction,

although they may also have shops where they perform work incidental to the job site.

General contractors in both the building and the heavy

construction field usually assume responsibility for an

entire construction project, but may subcontract to others

all of the actual construction work or those portions of the

project requiring special skills or equipment. Special trade

contractors may work for general contractors, for other

subcontractors, or may work directly for the owner of the

property.

Each establishment receiving a questionnaire was requested

to report the percent of total dollar value of business done

for each kind-of-business activity engaged in during 1992.

This information was used for the computer assignment of

appropriate industry classifications. During this work, various tests were also made using other data reported on the

questionnaire. The proportion of construction work to total

business was checked to verify that the establishment was

primarily in construction. Also taken into consideration

were the types of structures worked on during the year and

the extent of work undertaken for other contractors.

Construction establishments often engage in various

construction activities. It is necessary, however, to assign

a single industry code to the establishment based on its

major activity. Therefore, the statistics shown for an industry reflect not only the primary activity of the establishments in the industry but also their secondary activities.

The industry reports, however, do present data on the

extent of secondary activities.

Prior to 1992, this census also included one industry

classified in the Real Estate area, SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries. This industry

is covered in the 1992 Census of Financial, Insurance,

and Real Estate Industries.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The census of construction industries is conducted on

an establishment basis. A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is

defined as a relatively permanent office or other place of

business where the usual business activities related to

construction are conducted. With some exceptions, a

relatively permanent office is one which has been established for the management of more than one project or job

and which is expected to be maintained on a continuing

basis. Such ‘‘establishment’’ activities include, but are not

limited to estimating, bidding, purchasing, supervising, and

operation of the actual construction work being conducted

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

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at one or more construction sites. Separate construction

reports were not required for each project or construction

site.

Companies with more than one construction establishment were required to submit a separate report for each

establishment operated during all or any part of 1992. The

census of construction industries figures represent a summary of records for individual establishments rather than

for companies.

If an establishment was engaged in construction and

one or more distinctly different lines of economic activity

(wholesale or retail trade, service, manufacturing, mining,

etc.) at the same place of business, it was requested to file

a separate report for each activity, provided that the

activity was of substantial size and separate records were

maintained or substantially accurate estimates could be

prepared.

If a separate establishment report could not be prepared for each activity, then a construction report was

requested covering all activities of that establishment

providing that the 1992 value of construction work exceeded

the gross receipts from each of its other activities.

Construction businesses with no payroll during 1992

(nonemployers) were not required to file census reports.

Tabulation of data for these businesses are based on

administrative records and are shown only in U.S. summary publications and the geographic area reports series.

Refer to the section on ‘‘Sample Design’’ for details.

Foreign construction activities were not included in this

census.

SAMPLE DESIGN, ESTIMATION PROCEDURES,

AND RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES

The companies included in the 1992 Census of Construction Industries were identified as part of an operation

common to all 1992 Economic Censuses. Construction

companies were divided into employers (companies with

payroll) and nonemployers (companies without payroll).

Statistical information for the employers was obtained in

the census by a survey which included all medium size and

large employers and a sample of the smaller ones. Census

reports were not required from the nonemployers. Statistics on nonemployers were obtained from administrative

records of other agencies of the Federal Government.

Employer Companies

Developing the sampling frame for employer companies. This operation started with obtaining a list of all

construction companies in the active records of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which were subject to payment

of Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes. The

basic source for this list has been the Internal Revenue

Service Business Master File, a comprehensive list of

companies engaged in business activities in the United

States. The file contains the name, address, and form of

ownership of each company and also indicates whether or

not the company is subject to the FICA. Each company in

this file is assigned a unique employer identification (EI)

number which it uses in filing its various reports with the

IRS. The Social Security Administration (SSA) maintains a

similar list using the same identification numbers, which

also contains information on the industrial classification of

each company. The Bureau of the Census obtained both of

these lists and combined them.

Under special arrangements which safeguarded the

confidentiality of the information, the Bureau also obtained

administrative-record data on payrolls and receipts and

added these data to the combined list. The list, thus

created from the IRS-SSA information, was a list of employer

companies. However, for the 1992 Economic Census the

basic reporting unit is the ‘‘establishment.’’ Therefore,

steps were taken to identify the individual establishments

of those companies which operate more than one place of

business. The information for making this determination

was obtained by means of the Company Organization

Survey (COS), an annual canvass of all known multiestablishment companies and large single-establishment companies. Thus, the 1992 Economic Census list for singleestablishment employer companies was obtained from the

IRS-SSA, but the list of establishments of multiestablishment employer companies was obtained directly from

those companies in the COS. Refer to the section on

‘‘Establishment Basis for Reporting’’ for details.

In general, the IRS-SSA list provided sufficient industrial

classification data to assign a company to the proper

economic census, but there were a number of companies

for which this information was inadequate or unavailable. A

special form, NC-9923, General Schedule, was mailed to

all such companies, requesting information on the nature

of the company’s activities. From the information reported,

the company was given an industrial classification code

and assigned to the appropriate economic census. Since

construction companies found in this way were identified

only after the regular census mailing had taken place, they

were treated as a supplement to the basic list.

Selecting the employer sample. The sample was designed

to provide reliable State and metropolitan area estimates

for each construction industry. It consisted of all construction establishments in multiestablishment companies, all

single-establishment companies with 1991 administrative

payroll of $480,000 or more and a probability sample of

single-establishment companies with payroll under that

amount. Supplementing the sample were construction

companies identified from the NC-9923, General Schedule. Also affecting the sample were the misclassified

companies; i.e., companies included in the samples of

other trade areas which reported they were construction

companies and companies originally classified in construction which reported they were not construction companies.

Of the 547,000 single-establishment employer companies initially classified as construction companies, 158,000

were included in the sample. All of the 11,000 establishments of multiestablishment companies were included in

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the sample. There was a net increase in the sample of

48,000 establishments resulting from establishments originally unclassified (receiving the NC-9923) or misclassified.

The probability sample of the smaller single-establishment

companies was a stratified random sample. Strata were

formed from all establishments with the same initial fourdigit SIC code, in the same State, in the same metropolitan

area, or in the balance of the State, and in the same size

class based on estimated total employment. If the fourdigit SIC code for an establishment was incomplete, the

establishment was placed in a stratum for miscellaneous

companies. Because they were small, all companies were

included in the sample for the following three industries:

SIC 1622, Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction Contractors; SIC 1795, Wrecking and Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors; and SIC 1796, Installation or

Erection of Building Equipment Special Trade Contractors.

Estimation procedures for 1992 and 1987 data. Since

all larger employer companies and some smaller ones

were included in the census, sample estimation was

required only for the universe of companies not selected

with certainty. The published statistics are the totals of the

estimates for the sampled companies and the aggregates

for the certainty companies. All estimates for 1992 and

1987 published here are simple unbiased estimates of the

form:

n

c

x’

c = Σ xi

/ pi

i =1

where: x’

c is the simple unbiased estimate of a characteristic for a publication cell.

x

i is the reported value of a characteristic for

an individual establishment in the publication cell.

p

i is the selection probability of that firm.

n

c is the number of firms in the sample for the

cell.

Data for certain characteristics were reported as a

percentage of the dollar value of business done. Before

this formula was applied to those characteristics, it was

necessary to convert the reported percentages into dollars.

Reliability of employer statistics. Since the estimates

for employer establishments in these reports are based on

the samples, they are subject to sampling variability and

may be expected to differ from results which would have

been obtained if a complete census had been taken using

the same forms and procedures. The sampling errors

shown in the tables were estimated directly from the

sample reports, using methods appropriate for the sample

design and form of estimation used. The relative standard

error is a measure of sampling variability; i.e., the variation

that might occur by chance because only a sample of the

population is surveyed. As calculated for this report, the

relative standard error also partially reflects the effect of

random errors of response and processing, but it does not

take into account the effect of any consistent biases due to

those types of errors. The chances are about 68 out of 100

that an estimate from the sample would differ from a

complete census by less than the relative standard error.

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the difference is

less than twice the relative standard error and about 99 out

of 100 that it is less than 2-1/ 2 times the relative standard

error. Individual estimates with large relative standard

errors have been shown in the published tables. Any such

estimates should be used with caution. The very large

relative standard errors generally occur for the smaller

estimates.

Relative standard errors have been calculated for all of

the published statistics, although they are shown for each

statistic only in the tables presenting detailed statistics.

Other tables show relative standard errors only for certain

characteristics because of lack of space.

As calculated for this report, the relative standard error

measures certain nonsampling errors, but does not measure any systematic biases in the data. Bias is the difference, averaged over all possible samples with the same

size and design, between the estimates and the true value

being estimated. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to

many sources: inability to obtain information about all

cases in the sample; definitional difficulties; differences in

interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of

respondents to provide correct information; and errors

made in processing the data. Although no direct measurements of the biases have been obtained, it is believed that

most of the important response and operational errors

were detected in the course of reviewing the data for

reasonableness and consistency.

A potential source of bias is in the imputation for those

establishments that have not responded by the time of

final publication. Data were estimated for establishments

that did not report by that date, although selected establishments were contacted again to obtain as much information on the telephone as possible. Some publication

cells in which more than 40 percent of the data were not

reported have been suppressed.

Nonemployer Companies

As described earlier, the information derived from the

business income tax returns of all companies was matched

to the census employer file on the basis of common

identification numbers. Those business income tax returns

which could not be matched were further classified on the

basis of several characteristics. Returns with characteristics consistent with companies without payroll were treated

as nonemployers. The nonemployer construction companies were not required to file census reports.

For ‘‘number of establishments,’’ each separate income

tax return was assumed to be an establishment. ‘‘All

business receipts’’ was based on receipts information

reported on the tax return.

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Since no sampling was involved in the nonemployer

establishments, the statistics for nonemployers are not

subject to sampling variability. However, these data are

subject to an unknown amount of reporting and processing

errors which could not be detected by the Census Bureau.

One such ‘‘nonsampling’’ issue was raised in the processing of the 1992 statistics. For 1992, a relatively small

number of nonemployer records with revenues more than

$1 million were excluded from tabulations. The exclusion

of these records, however, resulted in a significant decrease

in total nonemployer revenues from 1987, where no upper

limit was used. The large revenues are now assumed to be

unreasonable for firms without employees. It is also likely

that these revenues are duplicated in revenues reported by

(or imputed to) firms with paid employees. A comprehensive study of this issue is planned prior to the 1997 census.

CENSUS REPORT FORMS

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries was obtained from employer establishments primarily

through the use of 22 questionnaires, determined by

industry classification and size. Standard forms and short

forms were developed for each of the following SIC

groups: 15, 16, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, and

179. Establishments with 1991 administrative payroll of

$1,080,000 or more all received the standard form. For

those sample establishments with payroll under that amount,

half received the standard form and half received the short

form. The short forms covered only major items and

omitted some of the detail found in the longer forms.

In reviewing and developing the questionnaires,

comments and recommendations were elicited from

construction trade associations and advisory groups.

Also, approximately 6,000 establishments in SIC’s 1521,

1629, and 1799 were surveyed in the Census of Construction Industries 1989 Pretest. This survey consisted of four

panels which received one of four experimental questionnaries and one panel which received the control questionnaire. Along with the questionnaire, these establishments

received an evaluation questionnaire, which requested

information about respondents’ reactions to the questionnaire, problems in completing the questionnaire, and how

long it took to complete the questionnaire. Results from

the 1989 Pretest questionnaire are reflected as reworded

questions, improved instructions, and restructured value of

business questions in the 1992 questionnaires.

DATA PROCESSING

The 1992 census report forms were mailed out in

December 1992. They were mailed from and returned to

the Census Bureau’s Data Preparation Division in Jeffersonville, IN, where routine editing and coding of the report

forms were also accomplished. Collection of these report

forms was essentially completed in July 1993.

The returned reports underwent extensive processing.

A preliminary edit done at the time of data entry identified

obviously deficient reports and reports needing clarification. When necessary, these problems were resolved by

further contact with the respondents. Next, the data were

transmitted to Census Bureau headquarters near Washington, DC.

Data records, then, underwent a detailed computer

review and analysis. The records containing significant

problems were referred for further analytical review and, if

necessary, contacts were made with the respondents. The

computer performed most classification coding (such as

industry coding, geographic coding, and size coding), and

imputation for missing items or for reports not received in

time for tabulation. The imputation was performed on an

industry (or industry group) and State (or geographic

group) basis using all available response and administrative data.

The data records were then tabulated on an industry

basis. Industry totals were subjected to analytical review,

and selected statistics were prepared for the preliminary

reports. Corrections resulting from this review were made

to the computer records and final tabulations were produced.

The review of a preliminary report for an industry often

uncovered the need for corrections or revisions to the data

for another industry for which a preliminary report had

already been published. The final reports incorporate all

revisions and corrections made during the review of the

preliminary reports and contain considerable more data

than were published in those reports.

GEOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries’

final industry report series is classified on the basis of two

types of geographic distributions: (1) physical location of

the establishment, and (2) location of construction work. A

separate code was assigned on each basis allowing us to

present data by both physical location of the establishment

and location of construction work.

The geographic area reports series presents similar

data by industry for each State (physical location of the

establishment) and for selected MSA’s, CMSA’s and PMSA’s.

CHANGE IN COLLECTION METHODOLOGY FOR

VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK DONE

In 1987 and 1992, the ‘‘value of construction work’’ was

collected to better measure actual construction activity

done during the year. In 1992, this item was collected as a

total of three separate items. These items ( receipts from

construction contract work, value of speculative construction work, and value of construction work done for own

use) were collected separately to emphasize construction

activity that had been poorly reported in previous censuses.

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Receipts from the sale of land were not collected

separately in 1992, as in 1987, but are still excluded from

the value of construction work done.

All dollar values are shown in current dollars for the

years specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

DUPLICATION IN VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION

WORK

The aggregate of value of construction work reported by

all construction establishments in each of the several

industry, geographic area, or other groupings in this census contains varying amounts of duplication, since the

construction work of one firm may be subcontracted to

other construction firms and may also be included in the

subcontractors’ value of construction work. To avoid this

duplication, a ‘‘net’’ value of construction work figure has

been derived for each establishment by subtracting the

costs for construction work subcontracted to others from

the value of construction work.

Duplication in value of business between other construction and nonconstruction industries results from the use of

products of these other industries as input materials by

construction establishments. ‘‘Value added’’ avoids this

duplication and is, for most purposes, the best measure for

comparing the relative economic importance of industries

or areas. ‘‘Value added’’ is defined in the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries as equal to dollar value of business

done less costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and payments for materials, components, supplies,

and fuels.

SPECIAL TABULATIONS

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1992 Census

of Construction Industries may be obtained on computer

tape or in tabular form. The data will be in summary form

and subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of

confidential information (including name, address, kind of

business, or other data for individual business establishments or companies) as are the regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact and detailed

specifications of the type and format of the data to be

provided, should be directed to the Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233.

To discuss a special tabulation before submitting specifications, call 301-457-4680.

COMPARABILITY OF CENSUS OF

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES DATA WITH

OTHER DATA

Data contained in the reports of the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries are not the same as the data

published in the Census Bureau’s monthly Construction

Reports, Series C30, Value of New Construction Put in

Place. The main difference is that the C30 series covers all

new construction put in place without regard to who is

performing the construction activity; whereas, the construction census figures cover both new construction and

maintenance and repair work done by establishments

classified in the construction industry. Significant amounts

of construction are done by establishments classified

outside of construction (in real estate, manufacturing,

utilities, and communications, for example), both as ‘‘force

account’’ construction and construction done for others. In

addition, the value in place series includes constructionrelated expenses such as architectural and engineering

costs and the costs of materials supplied by owners which

are normally not reflected in the census of construction

industries.

Data contained in the reports of the census of construction industries may also differ from industry data in ‘‘Employment and Earnings Statistics,’’ published by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics and ‘‘Statistics of Income,’’ published by

the Internal Revenue Service. These differences arise

from varying definitions of scope, coverage, timing, classification, and methodology.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used in

this publication:

* Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

** Represents the sum of all employees during

pay periods including 12th of March, May,

August, and November, divided by 4.

- Represents zero.

† Represents value of construction work less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others. (See Duplication in Value of Construction Work.)

†† Represents dollar value of business done less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and costs for materials, components,

supplies, and fuels. In 1987, for SIC 1531, land

receipts were collected as a component of

dollar value of business and, therefore, were

subtracted from this value. (See Duplication in

Value of Construction Work.)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

(NA) Not available.

(S) Withheld because estimate did not meet publication standards on the basis of either the

response rate, associated relative standard

error, or a consistency review.

(X) Not applicable.

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

n.s.k. Not specified by kind.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION IX
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Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report

by Table Number

Statistics For the

United States By State

By

employment

size

By

size class of dollar value of business done

By type, class,

kind of business,

and location of

construction1

By

specialization

in types of

construction

Assets and depreciation (gross book value):

Beginning of year—buildings, machinery, and

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

End of year—total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

End of year—buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . 3

Depreciation charges during year—

buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Capital expenditures:

Total capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

New buildings—machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . 3

Used buildings—machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . 3

Communication services, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Employees:

All employees—average number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers—average number . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 9 1, 9

Construction workers—quarterly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 9 9

Other employees—average number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Other employees—quarterly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Establishments—number in business during year . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 1, 9 5 6 8

Fringe benefits—legally required and voluntary

expenditures .................................. 2

Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Materials, components, supplies, and fuels—costs for . . 1, 2 1 5 6

Ownership—private or government owned . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Payroll:

First-quarter, all employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Annual:

All employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1

Other employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Power, fuels, and lubricants—costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Proprietors and working partners. . . . . . . . . . ......... 2

Ratios, selected industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 13

Receipts and value:

Dollar value of business done, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 11 5 6 11

Value of construction work, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10 1, 10 5 6 7, 10 8

For work subcontracted in from others . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2

Other business receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Net value of construction work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Value added. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Rental costs:

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1 5 6

For machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

For buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to buildings and other structures . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Subcontract work to others, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Note: Data for 1987 and earlier years are also available in some of these tables.

1

Type—buildings, roads, etc. Class—new construction; additions, alterations, or reconstruction; or maintenance and repair work.

X USERS’ GUIDE CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Contents

Heavy Construction Contractors,

Not Elsewhere Classified

[Page numbers listed here omit the prefix that

appears as part of the number of each page]

Page

Introduction to the Economic Census III ...............................................

Census of Construction V ...........................................................

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report by Table Number X ..................

Summary of Findings ............................................................. 2

FIGURES

1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction 3 ............................

2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done 3 .............................

TABLES

Statistics for Establishments With Payroll

1. General Statistics by State: 1992 and 1987 4 ...................................

2. Detailed Statistics: 1992 and Earlier Census Years 6 .............................

3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation: 1992 and 1987 7 .................

4. Value of Inventories: 1992 and 1991 7 .........................................

5. Selected Statistics by Employment Size Class: 1992 and 1987 8 ..................

6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done: 1992 and

1987 ...................................................................... 8

7. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction: 1992 and 1987 9 ............

8. Selected Statistics by Specialization in Types of Construction: 1992 10 .............

9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment by State: 1992 12 .....................

10. Value of Construction Work by Location of Construction Work: 1992 and 1987 13 ...

11. Dollar Value of Business Done by Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987 14 ......

12. Selected Industry Ratios: 1992 and 1987 15 .....................................

13. Selected Industry Ratios by State: 1992 16 ......................................

Statistics for Establishments Without Payroll appear in the U.S. Industry

Summary Report.

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 ........................................................

B. Standard Industrial Classification Titles for Industry Groups and Industries B–1 ........

C. Geographic Divisions and States C–1 ..............................................

Publication Program Inside back cover ...................................................

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–1
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Summary of Findings

Establishments classified in this industry are primarily

engaged in heavy construction projects, not elsewhere

classified, such as chemical complexes, dams and reservoirs, harbor and port facilities, missile facilities, oil refineries, subways, water and sewer treatment plants, power

plants, industrial ovens and incinerators, athletic fields,

golf courses, and irrigation projects. This industry also

includes contractors engaged in earthmoving not connected with buildings, land drainage, leveling, and reclamation. For additional examples, refer to the Standard

Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC) published by

the Office of Management and Budget, Executive Office of

the President.

During 1992, the establishments with paid employees

classified in this industry accounted for $34.2 billion in total

dollar value of business. Of this amount, $32.8 billion were

for the value of construction work. These establishments

paid out $8.7 billion for materials, components, and supplies and $6.1 billion for construction work subcontracted

to others. Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants

for the industry were $780 million. Value added for 1992

was $18.6 billion.

There were 15,816 establishments with total employment averaging 304,113 during the year. Total payroll for

1992 was $9.3 billion.

Larger establishments with 20 employees or more,

while representing only 13 percent of the total number of

employer establishments in this industry accounted for 83

percent of all business done.

A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is defined as a relatively

permanent office, or other place of business, where the

usual business activities related to construction are conducted. A separate census report was required from each

sampled establishment covering domestic operations. Separate reports were not, however, required for each project or

construction site.

For 1987 and earlier censuses, receipts from the sale of

land were collected separately for general contractors and

operative builders. These receipts were included in the

total dollar value of business done but excluded from the

value of construction work done. For 1992, receipts from

the sale of land were not collected separately but are still

excluded from the value of construction work done. All

dollar values are shown in current dollars for the years

specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

The data in this report are estimated from a sample

survey and are subject to sampling variability as well as

errors of response and nonreporting. The relative standard

error shown in the tables is a measure of sampling

variability. Descriptions of the sampling, estimating procedures, and data reliability are included in the introduction.

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

9–2 HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
Figure 2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done

(Percent)

1992

1987

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. 9-3

Figure 1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction

(Percent)

1992

1987

Payroll, all employees

 Materials, components, and supplies

 Construction work subcontracted

 out to others

 Rental costs for machinery,

 equipment, and buildings

Selected purchased services:

 Communications, repairs to buildings,

 machinery, and equipment

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants

Conservation and development

construction

Sewers, water mains, and related facilities

Sewage treatment plants

Mass transit construction

Power plants and cogeneration plants,

except nuclear

Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, and

 chemical complexes, etc.

22.7

15.9

10.4

4.1

9.9

11.0

8.1

8.7

5.7

5.4

5.7

3.8

4.6

3.6

4.5

3.0

3.2

2.7

3.1

3.5

3.1

6.3

27.1

28.1

25.4

25.4

17.8

16.2

2.3

2.3

2.9

3.1

2.5

2.6

Highways, streets, and related work such

 as installation of guard rails, highway

 signs, lighting, etc.

Power plants, nuclear

Water treatment plants

Marine construction

Recreational facilities
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Table 1. General Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

1992

Employees** Payroll

Number of

establish- ments AllConstruction workersAll employeesConstruction workers

Valueof construction work

Net

valueof construction work†

Value added††

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies, and fuels

AB C D E FGH I

United States 15 ------------------------ 816 304 113 240 024 9 260 705 6 787 615 32 836 527 26 759 824 18 642 289 9 446 662

Alabama 292 ------------------------------------- 5 384 3 993 143 717 84 469 634 169 566 090 301 392 300 042

Alaska 70 --------------------------------------- 830 693 24 707 18 230 74 449 (D) 59 128 (D)

Arizona 139 -------------------------------------- 2 624 2 023 69 622 48 886 312 993 262 012 154 627 (D)

Arkansas 188 ------------------------------------- 1 722 1 425 37 242 29 262 169 885 154 962 87 425 75 004

California 1 ------------------------------------- 166 31 808 25 005 1 023 383 751 401 3 567 539 2 848 798 1 982 123 970 302

Colorado 332 ------------------------------------- 5 582 4 627 158 516 128 275 671 582 545 111 324 313 240 536

Connecticut 164 ----------------------------------- 4 392 3 132 188 644 120 887 723 205 663 463 551 718 126 257

Delaware 33 ------------------------------------- 535 450 13 730 11 084 42 984 38 020 28 708 11 328

District of Columbia 6 --------------------------- 150 103 6 075 3 849 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida 865 --------------------------------------- 10 067 7 903 247 232 173 349 1 163 267 945 080 597 978 370 967

Georgia 442 -------------------------------------- 6 811 5 392 173 416 132 213 647 813 525 835 320 152 211 570

Hawaii 54 --------------------------------------- 972 712 32 498 21 989 149 479 113 860 90 175 47 041

Idaho 141 ---------------------------------------- 1 937 1 203 52 775 31 467 181 443 (D) 100 918 (D)

Illinois 472 ---------------------------------------- 8 288 6 760 284 321 216 804 1 201 560 950 168 732 228 301 375

Indiana 415 --------------------------------------- 4 687 3 939 146 939 116 899 525 558 431 071 304 414 134 385

Iowa 370 ----------------------------------------- 1 694 1 309 32 489 24 371 133 207 121 421 81 045 45 360

Kansas 279 --------------------------------------- 2 496 2 023 57 332 44 812 227 323 194 817 124 599 74 194

Kentucky 240 ------------------------------------- 3 776 3 072 89 380 66 569 380 965 321 751 210 124 117 439

Louisiana 437 ------------------------------------- 25 472 22 264 699 356 575 392 1 895 756 1 660 756 1 175 458 530 431

Maine 153 ---------------------------------------- 1 452 1 160 34 874 27 384 155 056 127 181 84 988 46 254

Maryland 221 ------------------------------------- 6 755 5 542 274 934 210 011 805 266 586 254 360 471 233 861

Massachusetts 290 -------------------------------- 5 571 3 291 227 464 119 608 897 848 700 045 505 242 201 740

Michigan 468 ------------------------------------- 3 537 2 844 95 566 72 749 356 851 300 768 208 293 99 766

Minnesota 262 ------------------------------------ 2 879 2 307 93 753 67 389 378 340 309 188 219 254 92 995

Mississippi 148 ------------------------------------ 2 373 1 911 47 844 34 482 170 521 153 356 94 256 63 264

Missouri 456 -------------------------------------- 4 017 3 355 103 916 84 238 498 716 391 804 (D) 185 730

Montana 99 ------------------------------------- 960 774 21 789 16 706 108 012 (D) 53 330 (D)

Nebraska 232 ------------------------------------- 1 848 1 412 49 474 37 575 456 265 329 602 216 866 126 906

Nevada 83 -------------------------------------- 5 855 3 631 219 570 129 026 574 674 510 299 372 788 140 495

New Hampshire 129 ------------------------------- 1 006 778 25 999 18 717 122 719 94 521 48 805 48 171

New Jersey 358 ----------------------------------- 7 005 5 344 273 413 193 031 1 033 561 907 840 733 164 264 310

New Mexico 112 ---------------------------------- 1 191 1 001 23 128 17 331 84 336 74 503 52 120 22 433

New York 742 ------------------------------------ 7 322 5 589 263 833 179 875 1 132 037 880 949 587 640 306 915

North Carolina 516 -------------------------------- 5 252 3 954 126 795 79 502 661 190 458 575 322 155 146 641

North Dakota 80 --------------------------------- 1 012 879 25 436 21 568 (D) 84 356 58 595 (D)

Ohio 570 ----------------------------------------- 10 215 7 222 423 774 277 212 1 785 950 1 129 337 792 613 449 246

Oklahoma 288 ------------------------------------ 3 047 2 414 71 483 52 666 261 921 236 594 161 920 78 099

Oregon 239 -------------------------------------- 2 258 1 792 68 042 49 537 317 253 254 119 168 497 94 751

Pennsylvania 555 --------------------------------- 8 709 6 542 268 661 185 991 1 180 417 902 839 614 028 331 876

Rhode Island 56 --------------------------------- 316 238 8 121 6 155 (D) 30 325 (D) (D)

South Carolina 266 -------------------------------- 5 875 3 624 167 001 132 155 440 689 375 259 224 430 155 161

South Dakota 114 --------------------------------- 401 319 8 053 6 373 40 058 30 837 20 508 10 648

Tennessee 264 ----------------------------------- 5 033 4 079 162 803 128 891 595 990 451 895 275 928 181 349

Texas 1 ---------------------------------------- 289 65 915 53 842 1 987 962 1 520 257 5 153 334 4 507 245 3 579 148 1 387 117

Utah 140 ----------------------------------------- 1 771 1 469 47 341 37 698 192 050 159 246 104 349 (D)

Vermont 62 -------------------------------------- 535 428 10 726 8 224 44 941 (D) 26 837 (D)

Virginia 483 --------------------------------------- 7 473 6 094 192 658 138 628 643 173 543 077 364 907 188 796

Washington 486 ----------------------------------- 8 064 6 259 263 268 188 127 1 167 465 954 593 522 935 477 074

West Virginia 162 --------------------------------- 3 744 3 145 85 566 67 165 259 820 246 449 154 687 100 953

Wisconsin 276 ------------------------------------ 2 457 1 892 76 132 57 090 365 917 254 439 165 916 96 917

Wyoming 111 ------------------------------------- 1 039 865 29 950 22 047 83 579 74 709 54 892 20 897

9–4nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Location

of

establishment

1992mCon. 1987

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to othersValue of construction work subcontracted in from othersRental

cost for machinery,

equipment,

and buildings

Capital

expenditures, other than land

End-of-year

gross

book value of depreciable assets

All employees**

Value of construction work

Value added††

J K L M N O P Q BGM

6 076 703 5 022 613 981 246 883 662 9 812 189 297 618 25 632 969 15 300 639 (Z) (Z) 2 U.S.

68 079 91 303 9 541 14 921 139 372 8 433 727 367 365 702 3 2 16 AL

(D) (D) 4 393 *2 700 (D) 1 142 109 420 68 186 9 (D) 49 AK

50 981 41 764 17 797 6 277 65 134 3 379 240 070 141 678 5 4 11 AZ

14 923 34 575 5 904 10 666 107 345 1 742 127 253 68 106 7 5 14 AR

718 741 650 457 126 160 69 607 890 081 34 276 3 727 902 2 142 609 1 1 5 CA

126 471 123 211 16 744 17 640 116 366 4 968 463 802 260 700 3 2 20 CO

59 741 82 385 12 153 3 269 85 611 5 280 437 511 343 760 2 1 10 CT

4 963 11 082 1 579 1 895 21 199 995 76 811 52 633 5 4 4 DE

(D) (D) 1 321 142 2 642 (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (Z) DC

218 187 201 404 51 775 32 724 329 001 12 221 1 045 318 537 580 3 2 7 FL

121 977 136 948 20 097 17 431 162 436 6 074 527 124 267 658 3 3 15 GA

35 620 (D) 4 195 7 607 55 517 1 009 119 633 64 891 6 7 22 HI

(D) 10 180 5 477 5 170 34 674 716 101 159 50 969 7 (D) 29 ID

251 392 168 529 41 926 33 595 433 413 5 954 826 500 483 592 2 1 7 IL

94 487 90 708 12 675 17 448 123 233 3 872 418 590 212 266 3 3 9 IN

11 786 17 538 2 728 7 367 62 465 1 509 115 815 64 620 10 10 23 IA

32 507 37 498 6 867 12 030 112 069 2 052 156 988 90 111 4 3 16 KS

59 214 34 419 5 295 10 747 117 015 2 201 162 468 91 124 7 8 17 KY

235 000 177 358 76 593 37 750 581 587 17 028 1 009 234 663 379 1 1 12 LA

27 875 26 636 5 761 12 841 92 285 4 236 354 726 242 682 9 7 7 ME

219 012 91 878 10 306 9 871 86 294 7 627 616 650 424 115 2 2 21 MD

197 803 196 531 22 170 9 605 164 198 6 592 723 218 399 637 2 1 10 MA

56 083 70 612 16 739 18 031 138 228 5 554 539 054 331 087 5 4 11 MI

69 152 37 059 19 138 18 453 171 359 2 451 249 555 113 022 5 4 13 MN

17 166 20 438 6 167 7 109 51 605 1 747 96 986 56 003 6 6 27 MS

106 912 67 381 13 296 26 322 198 391 2 642 239 753 131 140 4 4 14 MO

(D) 21 299 3 978 5 353 41 967 1 005 143 278 83 946 8 (D) 27 MT

126 663 15 054 7 263 9 301 82 907 936 89 505 53 864 5 2 15 NE

64 375 (D) 18 477 37 582 (D) (D) (D) (D) 2 1 3 NV

28 198 28 143 2 688 7 394 49 137 1 364 123 510 73 299 7 6 10 NH

125 721 226 382 19 510 20 585 212 604 10 895 952 518 755 047 3 2 8 NJ

*9 833 *21 563 2 093 *7 220 28 504 1 330 91 129 46 804 13 14 45 NM

251 088 197 367 27 956 28 242 308 463 8 460 1 142 148 604 195 3 2 9 NY

202 615 162 571 18 827 21 086 191 470 4 141 290 159 171 677 5 3 9 NC

(D) (D) 4 015 4 901 31 816 633 53 911 27 152 8 10 32 ND

656 613 184 366 43 877 35 355 356 505 8 340 996 536 501 273 2 2 7 OH

25 327 22 036 5 424 7 486 57 107 3 788 203 689 105 203 5 4 8 OK

63 134 60 255 12 926 11 029 93 752 971 136 822 67 295 5 4 23 OR

277 578 186 851 41 149 28 820 378 008 17 134 1 288 528 790 001 3 2 9 PA

(D) (D) 2 971 *2 897 *9 582 376 39 435 22 710 10 10 74 RI

65 431 112 131 7 911 20 252 130 948 21 130 1 596 464 1 213 412 3 3 18 SC

9 221 (D) (S) 1 451 (D) 137 8 293 (D) 18 17 27 SD

144 095 86 648 22 535 34 335 213 401 3 248 321 124 156 523 2 2 2 TN

646 089 655 650 131 961 104 585 1 663 742 45 713 2 753 256 1 707 817 1 1 3 TX

32 804 (D) 5 010 8 086 56 252 1 227 124 332 79 102 8 5 12 UT

(D) 4 328 *3 274 3 114 24 676 485 31 185 21 519 12 (D) 39 VT

100 096 106 870 19 613 15 292 249 865 5 961 405 087 221 412 3 3 10 VA

212 872 205 910 36 548 24 184 227 856 4 984 672 952 367 384 3 2 10 WA

13 371 58 283 8 014 10 659 67 864 2 355 146 887 106 930 3 3 19 WV

111 478 95 243 12 417 18 393 132 483 1 607 173 335 92 049 7 7 24 WI

8 870 7 556 4 902 4 840 40 712 915 77 565 40 882 7 9 26 WY

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–5
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Table 2. Detailed Statistics for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and Earlier Census Years

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of

estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1982 1977 1992 1987 1982 1977

Number of establishments in business during year 15 -------------------------------------------------- 816 14 532 7 662 8 342 1 1 2 2

Proprietors and working partners ------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 097 3 585 1 914 4 451 3 4 5 5

All employees** --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 304 113 297 618 415 199 412 719 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Construction workers:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 226 582 222 536 343 523 293 876 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 246 572 242 847 337 572 324 564 (Z) 1 (Z) (Z)

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 247 058 244 807 314 569 334 002 (Z) 1 (Z) (Z)

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 239 883 242 652 319 609 320 642 1 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 240 024 238 204 329 475 318 375 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Other employees:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 739 59 511 85 453 92 739 (Z) 1 (Z) (Z)

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 182 59 656 (NA) (NA) 1 1 (NA) (NA)

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63 541 59 240 (NA) (NA) 1 1 (NA) (NA)

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63 896 59 250 (NA) (NA) 1 1 (NA) (NA)

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 090 59 414 (NA) (NA) 1 1 (NA) (NA)

Payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 260 705 7 661 992 11 062 660 7 298 267 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Payroll, construction workers-------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 787 615 5 726 472 8 649 399 5 274 120 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Payroll, other employees ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 473 090 1 935 519 2 413 261 2 024 147 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

First-quarter payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2 084 449 1 719 499 2 423 588 1 596 110 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Fringe benefits, all employees -------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 245 046 1 834 442 1 903 384 1 354 246 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Legally required expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 405 536 1 177 878 1 352 977 702 449 1 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Voluntary expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 839 510 656 563 550 406 651 797 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Dollar value of business done--------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 165 654 27 310 131 36 310 245 23 282 543 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 836 527 25 632 969 33 657 455 21 624 035 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others 5 ---------------------------------------- 022 613 3 294 752 1 949 539 1 217 455 2 2 1 1

Other business receipts ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 329 127 1 677 162 2 652 790 1 658 508 1 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Net value of construction work†------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 759 824 21 209 274 26 391 852 17 527 251 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Value added†† ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 642 289 15 300 639 18 952 918 12 446 662 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Selected costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 523 366 12 009 491 17 357 327 10 835 881 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Materials, components, and supplies ------------------------------------------------------------ 8 666 276 6 949 590 9 452 406 6 353 738 1 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Construction work subcontracted out to others 6 --------------------------------------------------- 076 703 4 423 695 7 265 602 4 096 784 (Z) 1 (Z) (Z)

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants ------------------------------------------------------------ 780 387 636 206 639 318 385 359 1 1 (Z) (Z)

Electricity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74 273 65 774 105 820 42 650 1 1 (Z) (Z)

Natural and manufactured gas ---------------------------------------------------------------- 27 869 5 350 16 962 16 202 1 2 (Z) (Z)

Gasoline and diesel fuel---------------------------------------------------------------------- 618 816 512 577 465 276 276 596 1 1 (Z) (Z)

On highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 257 077 213 346 (NA) (NA) 1 1 (NA) (NA)

Off highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 361 738 299 231 (NA) (NA) 1 1 (NA) (NA)

Other, including lubricating oils and greases 59 ---------------------------------------------------- 428 52 503 51 259 49 958 2 1 1 1

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 981 ------------------------------------------------ 246 833 356 569 707 498 877 1 1 (Z) (Z)

For machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------------ 855 262 728 531 473 109 436 842 1 1 1 (Z)

For buildings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 125 985 104 824 96 597 62 035 2 1 (Z) 1

Selected purchased services --------------------------------------------------------------------- 864 472 705 775 438 848 409 777 1 1 (Z) 1

Communication services------------------------------------------------------------------------ 129 655 107 507 115 854 78 865 1 1 (Z) 1

Repairs to buildings and other structures--------------------------------------------------------- 34 457 22 398 13 497 15 852 3 3 2 1 Repairs to machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------ 700 360 575 869 309 496 315 061 1 1 1 1

Ownership of construction projects: Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 836 527 25 632 969 33 657 455 21 624 035 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Government owned-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 759 117 9 066 320 8 105 801 5 562 202 1 1 (Z) (Z) Federal----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 949 685 2 939 784 (NA) (NA) 2 1 (NA) (NA)

State and local ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 809 432 6 126 535 (NA) (NA) 2 1 (NA) (NA)

Privately owned ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 077 410 16 566 649 25 551 654 16 061 833 1 1 (Z) (Z)

9–6nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
TIPS UPF [MCD_CMCB,J_EVANS] 10/ 19/ 95 10:17:59 EPCV23 TLP:J_EV_INDTAB.TLP;58 10/ 19/ 95 10:16:19 DATA:J_EV_T1.DAT;56 10/ 19/ 95 10:15:29 UPF:CON_CENPROD:[CEN.DATA]J_EV_T PAGE: 4

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Table 3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation for Establishments With Payroll:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of estimate

(percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 9 -------------------------------------------- 415 299 5 823 246 1 1 Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 883 662 672 353 2 2 New ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 628 773 463 784 2 2 Used --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 254 889 208 568 4 4 Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 486 ------------------------------------------------- 772 662 169 3 2

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 9 ------------------------------------------------- 812 189 5 833 429 1 1

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 932 317 627 814 1 2

Buildings and Other Structures, Additions, and Related Facilities

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 1 -------------------------------------------- 466 233 602 898 1 2

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 54 065 48 136 6 5

New buildings and other structures ------------------------------------------------------------ 42 065 30 253 6 3

Used buildings and other structures------------------------------------------------------------ 11 999 17 883 17 12

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 10 ------------------------------------------------- 932 70 954 14 2

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 1 ------------------------------------------------- 509 365 580 080 1 2

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 57 080 38 156 4 2

Machinery and Equipment

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 7 -------------------------------------------- 949 066 5 220 347 1 1

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 829 598 624 216 2 2

New machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 586 --------------------------------- 708 433 531 2 2

New automobiles and trucks, intended primarily for highway use 115 -------------------------------- 141 114 588 3 4

Used machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 242 -------------------------------- 890 190 684 4 3

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 475 ------------------------------------------------- 840 591 214 3 2

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 8 ------------------------------------------------- 302 824 5 253 349 1 1

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 875 237 589 657 1 2

Table 4. Value of Inventories for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1991

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item Establishments with payroll

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent)

All establishments:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 816 1

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 836 527 (Z)

Establishments with inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 470 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 235 830 (Z)

Inventories1:

End of 1992, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 189 303 2

End of 1991, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 217 868 2

Establishments with no inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 172 2

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 143 582 (Z)

Establishments not reporting:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 175 2

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 457 115 1

1Inventories at cost or market prior to any adjustment to correct to LIFO values.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–7
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Table 5. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Employment Size Class:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with an average ofm

Total

1 to 4

employees

5 to 9

employees

10 to 19

employees

20 to 49

employees

50 to 99

employees

100 to 249

employees

250 to 499

employees

500 to 999

employees

1,000

employees

or more

1992

Number of establishments 15 -------------------------- 816 8 733 3 116 1 935 1 266 383 240 78 34 32

All employees** 304 ----------------------------------- 113 16 467 19 874 25 215 37 412 26 584 37 501 25 683 22 532 92 845

Payroll, all employees 9 ------------------------------ 260 705 285 533 399 521 621 957 1 074 312 822 881 1 264 696 863 675 776 814 3 151 316

Dollar value of business done 34 ----------------------- 165 654 1 605 275 1 672 754 2 645 467 4 419 551 3 743 546 5 269 633 3 534 506 2 827 720 8 447 203

Value of construction work 32 -------------------------- 836 527 1 580 233 1 628 954 2 579 056 4 280 296 3 679 441 5 140 701 3 472 395 2 668 256 7 807 195

Net value of construction work† 26 --------------------- 759 824 1 403 514 1 472 663 2 210 819 3 467 035 2 929 597 4 012 423 2 608 545 2 266 951 6 388 277

Value added†† 18 ------------------------------------- 642 289 920 559 984 415 1 418 866 2 222 825 1 913 978 2 690 699 1 612 186 1 665 782 5 212 979

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels 9 ---- 446 662 507 997 532 048 858 363 1 383 465 1 079 724 1 450 656 1 058 470 760 633 1 815 306

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others 6 - 076 703 176 719 156 291 368 237 813 261 749 844 1 128 278 863 850 401 305 1 418 918

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 981 --- 246 47 551 65 202 95 359 159 650 125 890 169 785 117 781 79 607 120 422

Capital expenditures, other than land 883 ----------------- 662 84 006 89 208 98 226 139 852 112 764 129 843 91 127 42 260 96 376

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 9 --- 812 189 754 126 800 871 973 453 1 400 513 1 013 255 1 525 812 807 114 494 612 2 042 433

1987

All employees** 297 ----------------------------------- 618 15 812 18 003 24 090 35 630 29 097 29 737 24 317 21 963 98 968

Value of construction work 25 -------------------------- 632 969 1 267 653 1 348 849 1 968 226 3 565 869 3 014 951 3 054 854 3 066 528 1 868 315 6 477 723

Value added†† 15 ------------------------------------- 300 639 806 423 855 355 1 187 356 1 963 162 1 533 524 1 748 103 1 743 434 981 604 4 481 676

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR OF

ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** (Z) ----------------------------------- 3 4 3 2 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Net value of construction work† (Z) --------------------- 3 4 4 1 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Capital expenditures, other than land 2 ----------------- 8 10 7 2 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

Table 6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done for

Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with dollar value of business done

Total

Less than

$25,000

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

to

$99,999

$100,000

to

$249,999

$250,000

to

$499,999

$500,000

to

$999,999

$1,000,000

to

$2,499,999

$2,500,000

to

$4,999,999

$5,000,000

to

$9,999,999

$10,000,000

or more

1992

Number of establishments 15 ----------------- 816 (S) (S) 1 849 3 850 2 895 2 004 1 722 729 418 505 All employees** 304 -------------------------- 113 (S) (S) 2 829 10 641 14 478 17 701 28 647 22 662 23 413 182 062 Payroll, all employees 9 --------------------- 260 705 (S) (S) 30 720 153 185 258 340 367 841 714 564 638 566 736 257 6 345 258 Dollar value of business done 34 -------------- 165 654 (S) (S) 135 671 636 045 1 022 209 1 415 172 2 662 330 2 578 943 2 919 750 22 746 151 Value of construction work 32 ----------------- 836 527 (S) (S) 133 732 617 584 993 833 1 381 834 2 598 468 2 493 062 2 849 609 21 719 913 Net value of construction work† 26 ------------ 759 824 (S) (S) 129 562 587 096 929 962 1 261 759 2 292 615 2 086 978 2 301 411 17 124 050

Value added†† 18 ---------------------------- 642 289 (S) (S) 86 959 397 885 643 305 846 074 1 516 238 1 378 842 1 466 978 12 275 186 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and

fuels 9 ------------------------------------ 446 662 (S) (S) 44 542 207 671 315 033 449 022 840 239 794 018 904 573 5 875 102 Cost of construction work subcontracted out

to others 6 -------------------------------- 076 703 (S) (S) 4 170 30 488 63 871 120 075 305 853 406 084 548 199 4 595 863 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and

buildings 981 -------------------------------- 246 (S) (S) (S) 17 948 33 321 47 298 113 483 83 135 110 937 569 584 Capital expenditures, other than land 883 -------- 662 (S) (S) (S) 37 471 71 541 62 510 116 412 79 466 92 960 410 810 End-of-year gross book value of depreciable

assets 9 ---------------------------------- 812 189 (S) (S) 93 325 362 328 592 703 643 425 1 089 440 772 372 892 584 5 336 485

1987

All employees** 297 -------------------------- 618 (S) (S) (S) 10 708 14 219 18 568 27 270 25 162 26 390 170 092

Value of construction work 25 ----------------- 632 969 (S) (S) (S) 581 313 829 852 1 309 915 2 141 040 2 293 841 2 530 890 15 760 452

Value added†† 15 ---------------------------- 300 639 (S) (S) (S) 395 430 549 942 849 189 1 335 111 1 307 642 1 374 428 9 366 037

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR

OF ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** (Z) -------------------------- (S) (S) 7 5 4 4 2 2 1 (Z)

Net value of construction work† (Z) ------------ (S) (S) 5 4 4 4 3 2 2 (Z)

Capital expenditures, other than land 2 -------- (S) (S) (S) 11 11 11 6 2 1 (Z)

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

9–8nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 7. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Type of

Construction: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Type of construction

Value of construction work

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent) for columnm

Total

New

construction

Additions,

alterations, or

reconstruction

Maintenance

and repair

A B C DABC D

1992

Value of construction work 32 -------------------------------------------- 836 527 20 484 992 4 939 024 6 187 840 (Z) (Z) 1 1

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 1 620 783 1 214 977 208 610 197 196 1 1 3 2

Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 217 277 174 349 25 253 17 675 4 5 11 11

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 187 322 154 783 19 755 12 784 2 2 5 2

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 174 640 132 438 22 854 19 348 3 3 6 11

Industrial buildings and warehouses 607 -------------------------------------------- 178 408 876 64 074 134 228 1 1 4 3

Other nonresidential buildings 434 -------------------------------------------------- 365 344 531 76 675 13 160 1 1 5 6

Nonbuilding construction 29 -------------------------------------------------------- 991 073 19 270 015 4 730 414 5 990 645 (Z) (Z) 1 (Z)

Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guard rails, highway

signs, lighting, etc.----------------------------------------------------------- 1 525 053 1 016 479 378 808 129 766 1 1 1 2

Recreational facilities --------------------------------------------------------- 1 061 592 837 323 141 766 82 503 3 3 7 7

Bridges, tunnels, and elevated highways 596 ---------------------------------------- 669 393 433 155 293 47 944 1 1 1 1

Dam and reservoir construction 755 ------------------------------------------------ 730 545 162 185 734 24 833 2 2 1 16

Marine construction----------------------------------------------------------- 1 874 962 1 161 222 246 434 467 305 1 1 2 3

Harbor and port facilities 461 ------------------------------------------------------ 328 282 943 91 392 86 993 3 4 4 8

Conservation and development construction 3 ------------------------------------- 415 547 2 358 865 559 249 497 433 2 2 4 3

Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities 219 --------- 801 139 639 (D) (D) 3 4 (D) (D)

Sewers, water mains, and related facilities 1 -------------------------------------- 869 494 1 447 997 210 741 210 756 2 2 4 5

Sewers, sewer lines, septic systems, and related facilities 1 ---------------------- 146 541 878 210 126 874 141 457 2 2 5 6

Water mains and related facilities 722 -------------------------------------------- 953 569 787 83 867 69 300 3 3 5 5

Pipeline construction other than sewer or water lines 336 ----------------------------- 352 225 897 49 384 61 071 3 4 4 7

Mass transit construction 1 ------------------------------------------------------ 490 204 847 897 401 861 240 446 2 3 3 5

Urban mass transit --------------------------------------------------------- 541 151 371 445 (D) (D) 4 5 (D) (D)

Railroad construction ------------------------------------------------------- 949 053 476 451 (D) (D) 3 3 (D) (D)

Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. 7 -------------------- 466 527 4 452 648 722 996 2 290 882 (Z) (Z) 1 (Z)

Power plants ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4 289 033 2 442 739 360 728 1 485 566 (Z) (Z) 1 (Z)

Power plants, nuclear 1 ------------------------------------------------------- 030 077 303 369 (D) (D) 1 2 (D) (D)

Power plants and cogeneration plants, except nuclear 3 -------------------------- 258 956 2 139 369 (D) (D) (Z) (Z) (D) (D)

Sewage treatment and water treatment plants 3 ----------------------------------- 688 587 2 507 818 1 057 286 123 483 2 2 2 5

Sewage treatment plants 2 ---------------------------------------------------- 656 739 1 820 902 762 577 73 261 2 3 2 7

Water treatment plants 1 ------------------------------------------------------ 031 848 686 917 294 709 50 223 2 2 2 5

Oilfields --------------------------------------------------------------------- 254 537 165 265 (D) (D) 7 9 (D) (D)

Other nonbuilding construction 685 ------------------------------------------------- 658 444 688 120 869 120 101 1 1 (Z) 2

Construction work, n.s.k. 1 -------------------------------------------------------- 224 671 (NA) (NA) (NA) 3 (NA) (NA) (NA)

1987

Value of construction work 25 -------------------------------------------- 632 969 16 656 969 3 826 277 4 219 372 (Z) (Z) 1 1

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 1 804 110 1 365 815 265 150 173 144 1 1 2 3

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 358 922 252 753 73 512 32 656 1 1 1 5

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 300 581 231 925 40 222 28 432 3 3 6 5

Industrial buildings and warehouses 502 -------------------------------------------- 589 383 756 54 921 63 911 1 1 5 4

Other nonresidential buildings 642 -------------------------------------------------- 018 497 381 96 495 48 145 3 4 13 7

Nonbuilding construction 22 -------------------------------------------------------- 898 509 15 291 154 3 561 127 4 046 228 (Z) (Z) 1 1

Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guard rails, highway

signs, lighting, etc.----------------------------------------------------------- 923 313 678 255 168 761 76 296 1 1 3 4

Recreational facilities --------------------------------------------------------- 690 860 542 486 79 715 68 658 5 5 9 10

Bridges, tunnels, and elevated highways 532 ---------------------------------------- 104 350 212 151 149 30 741 1 2 1 4

Dam and reservoir construction 721 ------------------------------------------------ 365 634 989 53 960 32 414 2 2 4 11

Marine construction----------------------------------------------------------- 1 379 611 840 915 193 775 344 920 1 2 3 2

Harbor and port facilities 431 ------------------------------------------------------ 507 270 251 86 128 75 127 3 5 4 3

Conservation and development construction 1 ------------------------------------- 062 716 780 319 150 236 132 160 3 3 6 6

Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities 274 --------- 727 188 258 23 741 62 728 3 4 2 4

Sewers, water mains, and related facilities 980 -------------------------------------- 373 757 877 127 230 95 265 2 2 5 5

Sewers, sewer lines, septic systems, and related facilities 571 ---------------------- 449 436 327 84 486 50 635 2 3 5 7

Water mains and related facilities 408 -------------------------------------------- 924 321 550 42 744 44 629 2 2 7 6

Pipeline construction other than sewer or water lines 249 ----------------------------- 086 182 001 26 579 40 505 2 3 4 6

Mass transit construction 780 ------------------------------------------------------ 781 319 557 264 065 197 158 2 3 2 4

Urban mass transit --------------------------------------------------------- 262 313 104 780 (D) (D) (Z) 1 (D) (D)

Railroad construction ------------------------------------------------------- 518 467 214 777 (D) (D) 3 4 (D) (D)

Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. 4 -------------------- 081 447 2 118 200 720 162 1 243 084 (Z) 1 (Z) (Z)

Power plants ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4 454 151 2 823 683 483 500 1 146 967 (Z) (Z) 1 (Z)

Power plants, nuclear 1 ------------------------------------------------------- 624 007 871 015 173 453 579 538 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z)

Power plants and cogeneration plants, except nuclear 2 -------------------------- 830 144 1 952 667 310 047 567 428 (Z) (Z) 1 (Z)

Sewage treatment and water treatment plants 3 ----------------------------------- 138 903 2 344 836 672 232 121 834 1 1 2 5

Sewage treatment plants 2 ---------------------------------------------------- 230 966 1 659 269 498 791 72 905 1 1 2 6

Water treatment plants 907 ------------------------------------------------------ 937 685 566 173 441 48 929 1 1 6 7 Oilfields --------------------------------------------------------------------- 296 365 190 953 30 174 75 237 3 3 4 6 Other nonbuilding construction 2 ------------------------------------------------- 901 200 2 268 362 329 720 303 134 5 5 9 8

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 930 349 (NA) (NA) (NA) 3 (NA) (NA) (NA)

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–9
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Table 8. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Specialization in Types of

Construction: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. This table presents selected statistics for establishments according to degree of specialization in major types of construction

work. If number of establishments or value of construction work for a given type of specialization are relatively insignificant, data may not be shown. In addition, data are not shown in this table

where distribution of the value of construction work by type of construction was not provided in table 7. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms,

see appendix A]

Item

Value of construction work Relative standard error

of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Number of

establishmentsAll

employees**

Payroll, all

employees

For

all types

For

specialized

type

Net

value of

construction

work†

Value

added††

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

A B C D E F G HBDH

All establishments 15 -------------------------------- 816 304 113 9 260 705 32 836 527 22 182 804 26 759 824 18 642 289 6 076 703 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Establishments not specializing by type 2 ---------------------- 058 63 091 1 988 909 7 494 186 (NA) 5 888 376 4 141 317 1 605 810 1 1 1

Establishments specializing 51 percent or more 13 --------------- 758 241 023 7 271 796 25 342 341 22 182 804 20 871 448 14 500 972 4 470 893 (Z) (Z) 1

RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

All establishments specializing in type 739 ------------- 7 705 192 836 885 503 835 948 709 460 438 335 176 043 4 4 6

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization (S) -------------------------------- 5 895 138 527 639 627 639 627 532 592 310 761 107 035 5 4 8

90 to 99 percent specialization 43 ---------------------------- 529 15 087 67 798 63 384 55 634 35 254 12 164 14 12 25

80 to 89 percent specialization 21 ---------------------------- 484 16 923 87 783 72 852 48 580 39 121 39 204 6 7 7

70 to 79 percent specialization 14 ---------------------------- 401 11 694 46 481 34 188 40 336 30 381 6 145 4 8 8

60 to 69 percent specialization 27 ---------------------------- 266 7 018 22 990 14 679 17 870 12 679 5 120 20 14 16

51 to 59 percent specialization *25 ---------------------------- 130 3 586 20 823 11 219 14 448 10 139 *6 375 30 34 49

DAM AND RESERVOIR CONSTRUCTION

All establishments specializing in type 174 ------------- 3 614 121 986 440 290 411 325 356 243 240 671 84 047 4 4 5

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 99 -------------------------------- 2 570 96 143 341 542 341 542 273 924 182 208 67 618 4 3 3

90 to 99 percent specialization *11 ---------------------------- 181 5 228 18 100 17 079 16 510 10 035 *1 591 27 24 64

80 to 89 percent specialization 12 ---------------------------- 211 6 312 24 359 20 379 17 452 10 281 (S) 19 34 (S)

70 to 79 percent specialization *13 ---------------------------- *52 *1 347 *4 310 *3 180 *4 216 *3 325 *94 59 62 62

60 to 69 percent specialization *14 ---------------------------- 272 5 577 22 389 13 944 18 584 *13 347 3 805 36 31 16

51 to 59 percent specialization *25 ---------------------------- 328 7 379 29 589 15 200 25 557 21 475 4 032 14 11 5

MARINE CONSTRUCTION

All establishments specializing in type 703 ------------- 11 138 348 440 1 643 075 1 477 707 1 478 768 924 677 164 307 3 2 2

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 556 -------------------------------- 6 969 203 568 983 894 983 894 879 639 549 118 104 256 4 2 2

90 to 99 percent specialization 46 ---------------------------- 662 22 752 85 144 78 280 (D) 43 226 (D) 13 14 (D)

80 to 89 percent specialization 27 ---------------------------- 1 127 40 249 170 495 147 245 152 981 115 604 17 514 3 1 2

70 to 79 percent specialization 35 ---------------------------- 1 089 39 036 177 895 131 345 161 427 99 276 16 468 4 2 (Z)

60 to 69 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 1 218 41 013 219 016 133 477 198 239 112 806 20 778 12 5 1

51 to 59 percent specialization *10 ---------------------------- *74 1 822 6 630 3 466 (D) 4 647 (D) 44 12 (D)

HARBOR AND PORT FACILITIES

All establishments specializing in type 247 ------------- 2 391 72 685 322 320 262 897 267 207 184 549 55 113 6 4 5

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 182 -------------------------------- 1 119 26 792 106 478 106 478 94 174 63 559 12 304 11 12 23

90 to 99 percent specialization *21 ---------------------------- 139 4 334 26 580 24 432 (D) (D) (D) 23 6 (D)

80 to 89 percent specialization 5 ---------------------------- 219 7 653 24 761 19 911 (D) (D) (D) (Z) (Z) (D)

70 to 79 percent specialization 17 ---------------------------- 290 11 370 60 844 43 998 (D) 31 680 (D) 2 4 (D)

60 to 69 percent specialization 22 ---------------------------- 623 22 536 103 657 68 078 87 101 65 351 16 556 9 4 4

51 to 59 percent specialization – ---------------------------- –––––– ––––

CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT

CONSTRUCTION

All establishments specializing in type 4 ------------- 067 33 490 843 634 3 504 195 2 967 319 2 951 472 2 038 473 552 723 2 2 2

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 3 -------------------------------- 026 18 405 415 906 1 726 846 1 726 846 1 542 849 1 067 104 183 996 3 3 6

90 to 99 percent specialization 266 ---------------------------- 2 887 67 360 284 316 265 415 245 668 172 538 38 647 7 5 7

80 to 89 percent specialization 174 ---------------------------- 2 038 62 764 239 294 197 552 204 604 130 631 34 691 8 6 8

70 to 79 percent specialization 280 ---------------------------- 3 397 90 333 337 913 246 487 278 683 208 063 59 230 5 5 7

60 to 69 percent specialization 166 ---------------------------- 3 227 88 251 423 542 267 425 315 533 205 528 108 009 5 2 1

51 to 59 percent specialization 155 ---------------------------- 3 536 119 020 492 284 263 594 364 135 254 608 128 150 4 2 1

SEWERS, SEWER LINES, SEPTIC SYSTEMS, AND

RELATED FACILITIES

All establishments specializing in type 1 ------------- 083 5 343 122 256 525 300 412 158 459 397 279 346 65 903 5 6 7

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 515 -------------------------------- 1 841 38 024 147 728 147 728 140 448 101 759 7 280 9 8 15

90 to 99 percent specialization 103 ---------------------------- 422 10 093 42 767 39 410 38 978 22 550 3 789 24 21 30

80 to 89 percent specialization 110 ---------------------------- 617 14 705 57 181 46 351 53 683 34 735 3 498 16 17 18

70 to 79 percent specialization 174 ---------------------------- 1 125 28 490 128 477 92 652 113 471 62 616 15 006 9 9 11

60 to 69 percent specialization 96 ---------------------------- 590 14 565 59 340 37 808 50 269 29 478 9 070 12 11 18

51 to 59 percent specialization 84 ---------------------------- 749 16 380 89 807 48 209 62 547 28 207 27 259 15 21 13

WATER MAINS AND RELATED FACILITIES

All establishments specializing in type 270 ------------- 1 916 42 195 193 214 157 592 170 692 100 350 22 522 9 9 13

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 131 -------------------------------- 665 13 635 67 523 67 523 61 910 34 642 5 613 18 20 37

90 to 99 percent specialization 26 ---------------------------- 179 4 638 21 798 20 243 *19 697 9 624 2 101 29 37 33

80 to 89 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 237 6 461 19 462 15 743 16 331 12 799 3 132 17 13 1 70 to 79 percent specialization *28 ---------------------------- 251 4 890 27 339 19 815 21 152 9 935 (S) 24 6 (S)

60 to 69 percent specialization 48 ---------------------------- 445 10 230 45 351 27 654 40 642 26 594 *4 709 17 15 41 51 to 59 percent specialization *11 ---------------------------- 140 2 341 11 741 6 612 10 960 6 756 781 36 32 10

9–10nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
TIPS UPF [MCD_CMCB,J_EVANS] 10/ 19/ 95 10:17:59 EPCV23 TLP:J_EV_INDTAB.TLP;58 10/ 19/ 95 10:16:19 DATA:J_EV_T1.DAT;56 10/ 19/ 95 10:15:29 UPF:CON_CENPROD:[CEN.DATA]J_EV_T PAGE: 8

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Table 8. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Specialization in Types of

Construction: 1992mCon.

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. This table presents selected statistics for establishments according to degree of specialization in major types of construction

work. If number of establishments or value of construction work for a given type of specialization are relatively insignificant, data may not be shown. In addition, data are not shown in this table

where distribution of the value of construction work by type of construction was not provided in table 7. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms,

see appendix A]

Item

Value of construction work Relative standard error

of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Number of

establishmentsAll

employees**

Payroll, all

employees

For

all types

For

specialized

type

Net

value of

construction

work†

Value

added††

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

A B C D E F G HBDH

PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN SEWER

OR WATER LINES

All establishments specializing in type 181 ------------- 2 201 49 715 148 801 130 494 131 643 99 009 17 158 8 8 11

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 126 -------------------------------- 1 404 30 215 86 109 86 109 81 769 59 712 4 339 11 9 19

90 to 99 percent specialization *11 ---------------------------- *87 *1 744 *6 334 *5 875 *6 001 *4 586 *333 51 50 48

80 to 89 percent specialization *5 ---------------------------- *74 *2 072 *9 501 *8 076 *9 022 *6 304 (S) 68 73 (S)

70 to 79 percent specialization *7 ---------------------------- 121 2 792 6 334 4 606 6 134 4 932 200 33 30 22

60 to 69 percent specialization *13 ---------------------------- (S) (S) (S) (S) (D) (S) (D) (S) (S) (D)

51 to 59 percent specialization 18 ---------------------------- *53 *1 970 *8 861 *5 032 (D) *3 945 (D) 46 61 (D)

RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION

All establishments specializing in type 425 ------------- 7 403 198 922 1 103 131 868 891 865 538 553 134 237 593 4 3 4

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 362 -------------------------------- 5 490 129 274 521 156 521 156 452 404 310 274 68 751 6 5 12

90 to 99 percent specialization *20 ---------------------------- 233 5 823 20 330 19 655 18 894 12 013 1 436 24 14 4

80 to 89 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 195 5 440 21 934 18 328 19 885 14 420 *2 049 14 34 49

70 to 79 percent specialization 3 ---------------------------- (D) (D) 23 510 17 470 (D) 11 852 (D) (D) (Z) (D)

60 to 69 percent specialization *8 ---------------------------- 409 16 964 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 7 (D) (D)

51 to 59 percent specialization 4 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

BLAST FURNACES, PETROLEUM REFINERIES,

CHEMICAL COMPLEXES, ETC.

All establishments specializing in type 676 ------------- 80 978 2 582 111 6 945 745 6 549 047 5 782 412 4 395 018 1 163 333 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 500 -------------------------------- 51 421 1 580 185 4 110 292 4 110 292 3 672 208 2 676 177 438 083 (Z) 1 1

90 to 99 percent specialization 63 ---------------------------- 15 908 600 179 1 777 137 1 706 203 (D) 1 094 847 (D) 1 (Z) (D)

80 to 89 percent specialization 56 ---------------------------- 2 634 76 430 191 497 159 016 (D) 134 903 (D) 4 3 (D)

70 to 79 percent specialization 28 ---------------------------- 4 013 123 839 384 478 290 239 298 280 206 242 86 198 2 1 2

60 to 69 percent specialization 19 ---------------------------- 3 169 104 630 261 926 166 068 230 871 148 036 31 055 3 1 (Z)

51 to 59 percent specialization 10 ---------------------------- 3 833 96 848 220 416 117 230 147 635 134 813 72 781 1 1 (Z)

POWER PLANTS AND COGENERATION PLANTS,

EXCEPT NUCLEAR

All establishments specializing in type 200 ------------- 15 357 644 068 2 367 312 2 187 038 2 126 109 1 548 033 241 202 1 1 5

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 103 -------------------------------- 8 416 348 743 1 363 926 1 363 926 1 242 150 845 798 121 776 1 1 1

90 to 99 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 2 119 110 580 414 299 389 143 334 374 215 679 79 925 1 3 14

80 to 89 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 423 14 821 41 487 33 641 37 898 (D) 3 589 6 8 10

70 to 79 percent specialization 11 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 27 385 (D) (D) 1

60 to 69 percent specialization 8 ---------------------------- 395 14 830 (D) (D) (D) 26 572 (D) 6 (D) (D)

51 to 59 percent specialization 12 ---------------------------- (D) (D) 22 239 12 362 (D) 11 458 (D) (D) 4 (D)

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS

All establishments specializing in type 508 ------------- 14 060 461 024 2 531 920 2 026 348 1 670 339 969 023 861 582 2 3 1

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 233 -------------------------------- 4 410 139 159 860 089 860 089 570 371 308 228 289 718 4 2 1

90 to 99 percent specialization 60 ---------------------------- 1 059 42 282 270 995 249 371 205 698 105 233 65 297 18 22 11

80 to 89 percent specialization 39 ---------------------------- 786 27 508 185 991 155 306 116 281 55 254 69 710 9 6 2

70 to 79 percent specialization 72 ---------------------------- 1 720 51 070 294 128 220 193 214 663 127 153 79 465 5 3 2

60 to 69 percent specialization 50 ---------------------------- 3 224 115 080 492 365 314 750 313 990 205 572 178 375 4 4 4

51 to 59 percent specialization 54 ---------------------------- 2 861 85 927 428 352 226 639 249 337 167 583 179 015 2 1 1

WATER TREATMENT PLANTS

All establishments specializing in type 213 ------------- 4 353 131 340 713 826 511 116 524 750 291 046 189 075 4 3 4

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 130 -------------------------------- 1 148 32 332 151 012 151 012 108 314 61 190 42 698 9 6 5

90 to 99 percent specialization 6 ---------------------------- 251 8 569 27 089 24 573 22 153 14 126 4 936 (Z) (Z) (Z)

80 to 89 percent specialization *15 ---------------------------- 290 6 856 45 403 37 510 31 708 17 687 13 696 7 10 6

70 to 79 percent specialization 13 ---------------------------- 752 19 503 99 011 71 723 81 660 43 562 17 351 4 3 1

60 to 69 percent specialization (S) ---------------------------- 993 40 425 169 406 107 115 129 908 72 526 39 498 8 4 5

51 to 59 percent specialization 18 ---------------------------- 919 23 655 221 904 119 182 151 007 81 955 70 897 7 6 9

OILFIELDS

All establishments specializing in type 321 ------------- 4 210 90 845 258 061 249 470 242 269 190 514 15 791 6 7 12

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 284 -------------------------------- 3 420 76 206 219 139 219 139 205 951 165 245 13 188 7 8 13

90 to 99 percent specialization 20 ---------------------------- 305 6 242 15 615 14 238 14 172 9 768 *1 443 24 18 60

80 to 89 percent specialization *8 ---------------------------- 147 *1 911 *6 532 *5 416 *6 272 3 329 260 34 44 33

70 to 79 percent specialization 5 ---------------------------- 130 3 512 7 172 5 260 (D) 5 993 (D) 18 26 (D)

60 to 69 percent specialization *4 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

51 to 59 percent specialization 1 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–11
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Table 9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment for Establishments With Payroll by

State: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Construction workers1

Relative standard error of estimate (percent) for columnm Number of

establishments

Average

number of

construction

workers

January

to March

April

to June

July

to September

October

to December

A B C D E FABCDE F

United States 15 ----------- 816 240 024 226 582 246 572 247 058 239 883 1 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) 1

Alabama 292 ------------------------ 3 993 3 785 4 075 4 133 3 978 11 3 4 4 3 3 Alaska 70 -------------------------- 693 223 847 884 817 15 9 17 10 8 10 Arizona 139 ------------------------- 2 023 2 043 2 387 2 101 1 561 11 5 4 7 5 5 Arkansas 188 ----------------------- 1 425 1 284 1 366 1 557 1 494 13 7 6 7 7 9 California 1 ----------------------- 166 25 005 25 296 24 403 26 033 24 287 5 1 1 1 1 1

Colorado 332 ------------------------ 4 627 4 487 4 879 4 547 4 597 9 3 3 3 4 3 Connecticut 164 --------------------- 3 132 2 581 3 580 2 531 3 838 13 3 3 3 4 2 Delaware 33 ----------------------- 450 430 443 443 485 17 5 3 5 5 5 District of Columbia 6 -------------- 103 (D) (D) (D) (D) (Z) (Z) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida 865 -------------------------- 7 903 7 976 7 957 7 774 7 907 5 3 3 3 3 3

Georgia 442 ------------------------- 5 392 5 176 5 403 5 641 5 348 8 3 3 3 3 3 Hawaii 54 -------------------------- 712 697 765 697 690 14 6 6 5 5 7 Idaho 141 --------------------------- 1 203 1 192 1 312 1 219 1 089 15 9 8 9 9 10 Illinois 472 -------------------------- 6 760 5 777 7 269 7 509 6 487 8 2 2 2 2 2 Indiana 415 ------------------------- 3 939 3 566 4 051 3 882 4 255 9 3 3 3 3 3

Iowa 370 ---------------------------- 1 309 1 079 1 499 1 414 1 244 7 11 11 11 12 12 Kansas 279 ------------------------- 2 023 1 797 2 059 2 170 2 066 9 4 5 4 4 4 Kentucky 240 ------------------------ 3 072 2 746 3 246 3 210 3 088 11 8 5 8 7 19 Louisiana 437 ----------------------- 22 264 22 780 22 839 21 542 21 894 7 1 1 1 1 2 Maine 153 -------------------------- 1 160 731 1 104 1 511 1 294 16 9 12 9 10 9

Maryland 221 ------------------------ 5 542 6 407 4 916 5 730 5 113 11 2 1 2 2 2 Massachusetts 290 ------------------ 3 291 2 682 3 311 3 630 3 540 9 2 2 2 2 2 Michigan 468 ------------------------ 2 844 1 832 3 092 3 503 2 949 8 5 6 5 5 5 Minnesota 262 ----------------------- 2 307 (D) (D) 2 938 2 264 11 5 (D) (D) 5 6

Mississippi 148 ---------------------- 1 911 1 345 1 628 2 340 2 332 13 7 7 7 8 6

Missouri 456 ------------------------ 3 355 2 835 3 573 3 900 3 114 8 4 5 4 4 5 Montana 99 ------------------------ 774 (D) 770 931 (D) 16 9 (D) 10 10 (D) Nebraska 232 ----------------------- 1 412 1 039 1 409 1 741 1 459 9 6 7 6 5 7 Nevada 83 ------------------------- 3 631 3 613 3 658 3 818 3 436 15 3 2 3 3 4 New Hampshire 129 ----------------- 778 483 798 955 874 13 7 8 6 6 8

New Jersey 358 --------------------- 5 344 4 715 5 887 5 541 5 233 8 3 2 3 3 3 New Mexico 112 --------------------- 1 001 1 057 1 077 839 1 031 18 14 13 13 24 12 New York 742 ----------------------- 5 589 4 117 5 844 6 443 5 955 6 3 3 3 3 3 North Carolina 516 ------------------- 3 954 3 654 4 086 4 073 4 002 8 5 6 5 5 5 North Dakota 80 -------------------- 879 504 1 021 998 991 19 8 9 7 8 8

Ohio 570 ---------------------------- 7 222 6 317 8 302 6 755 7 514 7 3 2 2 3 3

Oklahoma 288 ----------------------- 2 414 2 507 2 462 2 385 2 302 8 5 4 4 5 5

Oregon 239 ------------------------- 1 792 1 612 1 767 1 989 1 800 11 5 6 5 5 5

Pennsylvania 555 -------------------- 6 542 5 506 6 920 7 163 6 580 7 3 3 3 3 3

Rhode Island 56 -------------------- 238 (D) 252 (D) 251 20 10 (D) 9 (D) 9

South Carolina 266 ------------------ 3 624 3 416 3 280 3 423 4 379 11 4 4 4 4 4

South Dakota 114 ------------------- 319 (D) 324 367 (D) 16 18 (D) 17 17 (D)

Tennessee 264 ---------------------- 4 079 3 285 3 883 3 903 5 243 11 2 3 2 3 2

Texas 1 -------------------------- 289 53 842 55 648 55 692 52 812 51 218 5 1 1 1 1 1

Utah 140 ---------------------------- 1 469 1 216 1 705 1 523 1 430 13 8 6 13 8 8

Vermont 62 ------------------------ 428 259 442 550 459 22 14 21 16 13 14

Virginia 483 ------------------------- 6 094 5 955 5 891 6 389 6 140 8 2 2 3 2 2

Washington 486 --------------------- 6 259 5 935 6 217 6 606 6 276 8 3 3 2 3 3

West Virginia 162 -------------------- 3 145 2 367 3 365 3 306 3 543 14 3 4 3 3 2

Wisconsin 276 ----------------------- 1 892 1 280 2 001 2 390 1 896 12 7 7 7 7 7

Wyoming 111 ------------------------ 865 747 843 943 927 15 7 6 7 9 6

1Construction workers during pay periods including 12th of March, May, August, and November.

9–12nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
TIPS UPF [MCD_CMCB,J_EVANS] 10/ 19/ 95 10:17:59 EPCV23 TLP:J_EV_INDTAB.TLP;58 10/ 19/ 95 10:16:19 DATA:J_EV_T1.DAT;56 10/ 19/ 95 10:15:29 UPF:CON_CENPROD:[CEN.DATA]J_EV_T PAGE: 10

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Table 10. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Location of

Construction Work: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of construction work

1992

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Construction work done by

establishments located in

this State

Construction work done by

establishments not located

in this State

Value of

construction

work done in

this State Number

Value of

construction

work Number

Value of

construction

work

1987

value of

construction

work done in

this State

Percent

change

1987

(col F)

to

1992

(col A)

A B C D E F G A CE

United States 32 ----------------------------------------------- 836 527 15 631 23 539 892 3 839 9 296 635 25 632 969 28.1 (Z) 1 (Z)

Alabama------------------------------------------------------------- 777 272 288 480 583 116 296 688 410 227 89.5 2 3 1

Alaska -------------------------------------------------------------- 99 723 64 (D) 5 (D) (D) (D) 6 (D) (D)

Arizona-------------------------------------------------------------- 451 013 138 258 634 61 192 379 401 997 12.2 4 6 2

Arkansas ------------------------------------------------------------ 205 254 187 98 903 92 106 351 218 253 –6.0 4 8 3

California ------------------------------------------------------------ 3 597 305 1 165 3 013 406 83 583 899 3 289 376 9.4 1 1 (Z)

Colorado ------------------------------------------------------------ 392 959 329 338 074 34 54 885 354 894 10.7 3 4 2

Connecticut ---------------------------------------------------------- 301 328 163 167 957 46 133 371 322 644 –6.6 3 6 1

Delaware ------------------------------------------------------------ 94 156 33 36 733 65 57 423 52 698 78.7 2 5 1

District of Columbia (D) --------------------------------------------------- (S) (D) 28 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida -------------------------------------------------------------- 1 439 527 853 1 027 002 116 412 525 1 147 352 25.5 2 3 1

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------------- 663 138 438 451 087 114 212 051 892 864 –25.7 3 4 1

Hawaii--------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 54 (D) 28 128 971 (D) (D) (D) (D) 1

Idaho --------------------------------------------------------------- 144 881 130 101 645 27 43 236 95 961 51.0 8 12 (Z)

Illinois --------------------------------------------------------------- 916 190 468 682 394 123 233 796 875 416 4.7 2 2 1

Indiana -------------------------------------------------------------- 573 785 406 418 652 89 155 133 364 855 57.3 3 3 2

Iowa ---------------------------------------------------------------- 156 858 370 122 898 52 33 960 159 247 –1.5 8 10 7

Kansas -------------------------------------------------------------- 187 095 272 130 613 44 56 483 143 294 30.6 3 4 3

Kentucky ------------------------------------------------------------ 463 802 239 340 018 89 123 784 334 952 38.5 6 8 1

Louisiana ------------------------------------------------------------ 2 082 071 432 1 500 485 133 581 586 1 092 045 90.7 1 2 1

Maine --------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 153 (D) 29 116 741 (D) (D) (D) (D) 1

Maryland ------------------------------------------------------------ 424 406 218 271 729 94 152 677 378 021 12.3 3 4 3

Massachusetts 790 ------------------------------------------------------- 964 287 656 718 66 134 246 828 783 –4.6 1 1 1

Michigan------------------------------------------------------------- 579 598 467 311 719 78 267 878 517 548 12.0 2 4 (Z)

Minnesota ----------------------------------------------------------- 304 230 260 251 495 44 52 735 152 627 99.3 4 5 2

Mississippi ----------------------------------------------------------- 329 748 148 155 758 92 173 989 160 783 105.1 3 6 (Z)

Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------- 529 283 445 378 608 85 150 675 230 103 130.0 4 5 2

Montana------------------------------------------------------------- 118 790 99 85 373 17 33 417 148 268 –19.9 5 7 1

Nebraska ------------------------------------------------------------ 497 623 228 410 161 47 87 462 57 272 768.9 2 2 1

Nevada-------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 83 (D) 68 221 408 604 717 (D) (D) (D) 2

New Hampshire 75 ------------------------------------------------------ 220 124 62 884 56 12 335 220 094 –65.8 7 8 6

New Jersey ---------------------------------------------------------- 919 686 351 544 141 90 375 545 1 502 327 –38.8 2 4 (Z)

New Mexico --------------------------------------------------------- (D) 112 (D) 45 121 163 120 396 (D) (D) (D) (Z)

New York------------------------------------------------------------ 1 575 476 739 940 656 167 634 820 1 189 857 32.4 1 2 1 North Carolina 587 ------------------------------------------------------- 669 493 258 224 138 329 445 556 435 5.6 2 5 1 North Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- 89 623 80 58 046 36 31 577 76 223 17.6 11 16 1

Ohio ---------------------------------------------------------------- 889 117 568 746 917 94 142 200 768 941 15.6 2 3 2 Oklahoma ----------------------------------------------------------- 244 615 (S) 186 491 64 58 124 166 494 46.9 5 6 5 Oregon -------------------------------------------------------------- 354 044 221 277 917 72 76 127 183 765 92.7 3 4 2 Pennsylvania 1 --------------------------------------------------------- 390 479 550 796 757 190 593 723 1 145 072 21.4 1 2 1 Rhode Island--------------------------------------------------------- 42 293 55 31 459 33 10 834 44 277 –4.5 7 10 14

South Carolina 393 ------------------------------------------------------- 844 265 281 267 129 112 577 530 398 –25.7 3 5 2 South Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- 54 181 114 38 788 37 15 393 20 796 160.5 10 14 4 Tennessee----------------------------------------------------------- 688 442 260 317 820 84 370 622 330 196 108.5 2 3 1 Texas --------------------------------------------------------------- 4 647 434 1 281 4 294 510 157 352 924 2 904 366 60.0 2 2 1 Utah ---------------------------------------------------------------- 331 084 139 154 364 19 176 720 (D) (D) 2 5 (Z)

Vermont ------------------------------------------------------------- (D) 62 (D) 29 46 216 60 030 (D) (D) (D) 4

Virginia -------------------------------------------------------------- 907 706 481 541 204 134 366 502 589 443 54.0 2 3 1 Washington 1 ---------------------------------------------------------- 086 847 483 770 463 70 316 384 595 312 82.6 3 4 2 West Virginia 325 --------------------------------------------------------- 699 158 149 848 117 175 852 188 125 73.1 2 5 1 Wisconsin ----------------------------------------------------------- 365 702 275 285 893 44 79 809 185 419 97.2 6 7 1 Wyoming ------------------------------------------------------------ 115 244 (S) 73 000 69 42 244 (D) (D) 6 9 2

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–13
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Table 11. Dollar Value of Business Done for Establishments With Payroll by

Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Based on their primary business activity or combination of activities, establishments were classified into this specific industry.

These establishments, however, may also be engaged in other kinds of business activities. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see

appendixes]

Primary and other kind of business activities

Dollar value of business done Relative standard error of estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

All kinds of business 34 ------------------------------------- 165 654 27 310 131 (Z) (Z)

BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONmGENERAL CONTRACTORS

AND OPERATIVE BUILDERS

General building contractor 659 ----------------------------------------- 365 1 169 246 (Z) 1

HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN BUILDING

CONSTRUCTIONmCONTRACTORS

Blasting contractor, except building demolition 195 ------------------------ 721 114 092 7 9

Dredging contractor ----------------------------------------------- 605 240 506 611 4 1

Excavating, earthmoving, and land clearing contractor, not connected

with buildings ---------------------------------------------------- 5 072 960 3 843 069 1 2

Heavy construction contractor 22 -------------------------------------- 474 255 17 379 291 (Z) (Z)

Highway and street general contractor 1 ------------------------------ 189 524 654 542 1 1

Paving contractor ------------------------------------------------- 179 378 245 554 1 4

Pile driving contractors--------------------------------------------- 326 851 284 089 3 4

Special cases----------------------------------------------------- 724 408 (NA) 2 (NA)

Trenching contractor ---------------------------------------------- 350 271 412 983 5 4

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS

Excavating, earth and land clearing contractor, connected with

buildings -------------------------------------------------------- 463 391 75 878 2 6

Other construction activities 499 ---------------------------------------- 379 571 818 2 (NA)

OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Construction management services 279 --------------------------------- 933 814 220 1 (Z)

Engineering services ---------------------------------------------- 491 061 381 471 (Z) (Z)

Other business activities ------------------------------------------- 546 902 478 393 2 (NA)

Kind of business activity, n.s.k. 107 ------------------------------------- 014 378 871 5 4

9–14nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 12. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

1992 1987

Relative

standard error

of estimate

(percent)

for 1992

AVERAGE PER ESTABLISHMENT

Number of employees**---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19.2 20.5 1 Number of construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15.2 16.4 1 Number of all other employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4.1 4.1 1 Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 585.5 527.2 1 Payroll, construction workers------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 429.1 394.1 1 Payroll, other employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 156.4 133.2 1

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 2 160.1 1 879.3 1 Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 2 076.1 1 763.9 1 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels do ----------------------------------------------------- -- 597.3 522.0 1 Construction work subcontracted to others do ------------------------------------------------------------ -- 384.2 304.4 1 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings do --------------------------------------------------- -- 62.0 57.3 2 Capital expenditures, other than land ----------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 55.9 46.3 2 Gross book value of depreciable assets do -------------------------------------------------------------- -- 620.4 401.4 1

AVERAGE PER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 30.5 25.7 (Z)

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 112.3 91.8 (Z)

Value added†† ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 61.3 51.4 (Z)

AVERAGE PER CONSTRUCTION WORKER

Payroll, construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 28.3 24.0 (Z)

Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 136.8 107.6 (Z)

AVERAGE PER OTHER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, other employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------ $1,000-- 38.6 32.6 (Z)

AVERAGE PER DOLLAR VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK

Payroll, all employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .282 .299 (Z)

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels---------------------------------------------------------- .288 .296 (Z)

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others ------------------------------------------------------ .185 .173 (Z)

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others ---------------------------------------------------- .153 .129 1

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings -------------------------------------------------------- .030 .033 1

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES HEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C.nn9–15
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Table 13. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Average per dollar value of construction work

Average

number of

employees**

per establishment

Payroll

per

employee

($1,000)

Value of

construction

work per

construction

worker

($1,000)

Payroll,

all employees

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies,

and fuels

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

Value of

construction

work subcontracted

in from others

Rental

cost for

machinery,

equipment,

and

buildings

United States 19.2 -------------------------------- 30.5 136.8 .282 .288 .185 .153 .030

Alabama 18.4 ---------------------------------------------- 26.7 158.8 .227 .473 .107 .144 .015

Alaska 11.9 ----------------------------------------------- 29.8 107.4 .332 (D) (D) (D) .059

Arizona 18.9 ----------------------------------------------- 26.5 154.7 .222 (D) .163 .133 .057

Arkansas 9.1 --------------------------------------------- 21.6 119.2 .219 .441 .088 .204 .035

California 27.3 --------------------------------------------- 32.2 142.7 .287 .272 .201 .182 .035

Colorado 16.8 --------------------------------------------- 28.4 145.1 .236 .358 .188 .183 .025

Connecticut 26.8 ------------------------------------------- 43.0 230.9 .261 .175 .083 .114 .017

Delaware 16.0 --------------------------------------------- 25.7 95.5 .319 .264 .115 .258 .037

District of Columbia 25.0 ------------------------------------ 40.5 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Florida 11.6 ----------------------------------------------- 24.6 147.2 .213 .319 .188 .173 .045

Georgia 15.4 ---------------------------------------------- 25.5 120.1 .268 .327 .188 .211 .031

Hawaii 18.1 ------------------------------------------------ 33.4 209.9 .217 .315 .238 (D) .028

Idaho 13.7 ------------------------------------------------ 27.2 150.8 .291 (D) (D) .056 .030

Illinois 17.5 ------------------------------------------------ 34.3 177.7 .237 .251 .209 .140 .035

Indiana 11.3 ----------------------------------------------- 31.4 133.4 .280 .256 .180 .173 .024

Iowa 4.6 ------------------------------------------------- 19.2 101.8 .244 .341 .088 .132 .020

Kansas 8.9 ----------------------------------------------- 23.0 112.4 .252 .326 .143 .165 .030

Kentucky 15.7 --------------------------------------------- 23.7 124.0 .235 .308 .155 .090 .014

Louisiana 58.3 --------------------------------------------- 27.5 85.1 .369 .280 .124 .094 .040

Maine 9.5 ------------------------------------------------ 24.0 133.7 .225 .298 .180 .172 .037

Maryland 30.5 --------------------------------------------- 40.7 145.3 .341 .290 .272 .114 .013

Massachusetts 19.2 ---------------------------------------- 40.8 272.8 .253 .225 .220 .219 .025

Michigan 7.6 ---------------------------------------------- 27.0 125.5 .268 .280 .157 .198 .047

Minnesota 11.0 -------------------------------------------- 32.6 164.0 .248 .246 .183 .098 .051

Mississippi 16.1 -------------------------------------------- 20.2 89.2 .281 .371 .101 .120 .036

Missouri 8.8 ---------------------------------------------- 25.9 148.6 .208 .372 .214 .135 .027

Montana 9.7 ---------------------------------------------- 22.7 139.6 .202 (D) (D) .197 .037

Nebraska 8.0 --------------------------------------------- 26.8 323.1 .108 .278 .278 .033 .016

Nevada 71.0 ----------------------------------------------- 37.5 158.3 .382 .244 .112 (D) .032

New Hampshire 7.8 --------------------------------------- 25.8 157.7 .212 .393 .230 .229 .022

New Jersey 19.6 ------------------------------------------- 39.0 193.4 .265 .256 .122 .219 .019

New Mexico 10.7 ------------------------------------------ 19.4 84.3 .274 .266 .117 *.256 .025

New York 9.9 --------------------------------------------- 36.0 202.5 .233 .271 .222 .174 .025

North Carolina 10.2 ---------------------------------------- 24.1 167.2 .192 .222 .306 .246 .028

North Dakota 12.7 ----------------------------------------- 25.1 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Ohio 17.9 ------------------------------------------------- 41.5 247.3 .237 .252 .368 .103 .025

Oklahoma 10.6 -------------------------------------------- 23.5 108.5 .273 .298 .097 .084 .021

Oregon 9.5 ----------------------------------------------- 30.1 177.0 .214 .299 .199 .190 .041 Pennsylvania 15.7 ------------------------------------------ 30.8 180.4 .228 .281 .235 .158 .035 Rhode Island 5.7 ------------------------------------------ 25.7 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

South Carolina 22.1 ---------------------------------------- 28.4 121.6 .379 .352 .148 .254 .018 South Dakota 3.5 ----------------------------------------- 20.1 125.6 .201 .266 .230 (D) (S) Tennessee 19.0 -------------------------------------------- 32.3 146.1 .273 .304 .242 .145 .038 Texas 51.1 ------------------------------------------------ 30.2 95.7 .386 .269 .125 .127 .026 Utah 12.6 ------------------------------------------------- 26.7 130.7 .247 (D) .171 (D) .026

Vermont 8.7 ---------------------------------------------- 20.0 105.0 .239 (D) (D) .096 *.073

Virginia 15.5 ----------------------------------------------- 25.8 105.5 .300 .294 .156 .166 .030 Washington 16.6 ------------------------------------------- 32.6 186.5 .226 .409 .182 .176 .031 West Virginia 23.1 ------------------------------------------ 22.9 82.6 .329 .389 .051 .224 .031 Wisconsin 8.9 -------------------------------------------- 31.0 193.4 .208 .265 .305 .260 .034 Wyoming 9.4 --------------------------------------------- 28.8 96.6 .358 .250 .106 .090 .059

9–16nnHEAVY CONSTRUCTION, N.E.C. CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

Construction. Is composed of three broad categories:

1. New construction. Includes the complete, original

building of structures and essential service facilities

and the initial installation of integral equipment such as

elevators and plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning

supplies and equipment.

2. Additions, alterations, or reconstruction. Includes

construction work which adds to the value or useful life

of an existing building or structure, or which adapts a

building or structure to a new or different use. Included

are ‘‘major replacements’’ of building systems such as

the installation of a new roof or heating system and the

resurfacing of streets or highways. This contrasts to

the repair of a hole in a roof or the routine patching of

highways and streets, which would be classified as

maintenance and repair.

3. Maintenance and repair. Includes incidental construction work which keeps a property in ordinary working

condition. Excluded are trash and snow removal, lawn

maintenance and landscaping, and cleaning and janitorial services.

Number of establishments in business during year.

Includes all establishments that were in business at any

time during the year. It covers all full-year and part-year

operations. Construction establishments which were inactive or idle for the entire year were not included.

Proprietors and working partners. These data were not

collected on the census report forms. The data shown are

based on crediting each sole proprietorship establishment

with one active proprietor and each partnership establishment with two working partners.

All employees. Comprises all full-time and part-time employees on the payrolls of construction establishments who

worked or received pay for any part of the pay period

including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays,

and paid vacations during these pay periods. Officers of

corporations are included, but proprietors and partners of

unincorporated firms are not.

All employees is the sum of all employees during the

pay periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and

November, divided by 4.

Construction workers. Includes all workers up through

the working supervisor level directly engaged in construction operations, such as painters, carpenters, plumbers,

and electricians. Included are journeymen, mechanics,

apprentices, laborers, truck drivers and helpers, equipment

operators, and on-site record keepers and security guards.

Supervisory employees above the working foreman level

are excluded from this category but are included in the

‘‘other employees’’ category.

Other employees. Includes employees in executive,

purchasing, accounting, personnel, professional, and

technical activities, as well as routine office functions.

Also included are supervisory employees above the

working foreman level.

Payroll. Includes the gross earnings paid in the calendar

year 1992 to all employees on the payroll of construction

establishments. It includes all forms of compensation such

as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses,

vacation and sick leave pay, prior to such deductions as

employees’ Social Security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of these establishments, if a

corporation, but excludes payments to the proprietor or

partners, if unincorporated.

Fringe benefits. Represents expenditures made by the

employer during 1992 for legally required and voluntary

fringe benefit programs for employees.

Legally required contributions. Includes Social Security contributions, unemployment compensation, worker’s

compensation, and State temporary disability payments.

Voluntary payments. Includes life insurance premiums, pension plans, insurance premiums on hospital

and medical plans, welfare plans, and union negotiated benefits.

Dollar value of business done comprises the following

detail:

Value of construction work done. Includes all

value of construction work done during 1992 for

construction work performed by general contractors

and special trades contractors. Included is new construction, additions and alterations or reconstruction,

and maintenance and repair construction work. Also

included is the value of any construction work done

by the reporting establishments for themselves.

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Speculative builders were instructed to include the

value of buildings and other structures built or being

built for sale in 1992 but not sold. They were to

include the costs of such construction plus normal

profit. Also included is the cost of construction work

done on buildings for rent or lease.

Establishments engaged in the sale and installation

of such construction components as plumbing, heating, and central air-conditioning supplies and equipment; lumber and building materials; paint, glass, and

wallpaper; and electrical and wiring supplies, elevators or escalators were instructed to include both the

value for the installation and the receipts covering the

price of the items installed.

Excluded was the cost of industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment which are not an

integral part of a structure.

Other business receipts. Includes business receipts

not reported as value of construction work done. The

item includes business receipts from retail and wholesale trade, rental of equipment, manufacturing, transportation, legal service, insurance, finance, rental of

property and other real estate operations, and other

nonconstruction activities. Receipts for separately

definable architectural and engineering work for others are also included here.

Excluded was the value of construction work done and

receipts from other business operations in foreign countries and non-operating income such as interest and

dividends.

Net value of construction work. Derived for each establishment by subtracting the costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others from the value of construction

work done. (For a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in

Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Value added. Derived for each establishment, value

added is equal to dollar value of business done, less costs

for construction work subcontracted out to others, and

costs for materials, components, supplies, and fuels. (For

a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Selected costs. Represents the costs for materials,

components, and supplies; costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others; and costs for selected power,

fuels, and lubricants. Capital expenditures and rental costs

for machinery, equipment, and structures are shown elsewhere.

Costs for materials, components, and supplies include:

• total costs to reporting establishments during 1992 for

the purchase of all materials, components, and supplies,

except fuels. (Supplies include expendable tools which

are charged to current accounts.)

• freight and other direct charges representing only amount

paid after discounts, and the value of materials, components, and supplies obtained from other establishments

of the respondent’s company.

• costs for materials, components, and supplies used by

the reporting establishments in the construction or reconstruction of buildings/ structures for themselves which

are chargeable to their fixed assets accounts, as well as

costs for materials bought and resold to others.

• costs made for direct purchases of materials, components, and supplies even though the purchases were

subsequently provided to subcontractors for their use.

Excluded from this item are:

• industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment such as printing presses and computer systems,

which are not an integral part of a structure.

• materials furnished to contractors by the owners of

projects.

Costs for construction work subcontracted out to others

include:

• all costs during 1992 for construction work subcontracted out to other construction contractors.

Excluded from this item are:

• the costs to the reporting establishment for its purchases of materials, components, and supplies provided

to a subcontractor for use. Such costs are reported

under, ‘‘costs for materials, components, and supplies.’’

• costs for the rental of machinery or equipment.

Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants include:

• costs for fuels, lubricants, and electric energy purchased

during the year from other companies or received from

other establishments of the company.

• costs for natural and manufactured gas, fuel oil, coal,

and coke products.

Rental costs for machinery, equipment, and buildings.

Includes all costs during 1992 for renting or leasing

construction machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, production equipment, office equipment, furniture

and fixtures, scaffolding, office space, and buildings. It

excludes costs for the rental of land. It also excludes costs

under agreements which, in effect, are conditional sales

contracts such as capital leases. Such costs are included

in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Selected purchased services. Includes all costs during

1992 for communication services purchased from other

companies or from other establishments of the company. It

also includes the cost of all repairs made to structures and

equipment by outside companies or from other establishments of the same company. It includes only the cost of

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repair necessary to maintain property and equipment. It

excludes the cost of improvements that increase the value

of property or the cost of adapting it for another use. Such

costs are included in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Assets and depreciation. Refers to the original cost of all

fixed tangible assets such as buildings and other structures (offices and shops); stationary machinery (generators and shop equipment); mobile machinery (tractors and

trucks); and other equipment (office furniture and fixtures).

Not included are such items as current assets, depletable

assets, intangible assets, and nondepreciable assets.

Data on assets and depreciation were collected separately for: (1) buildings and other structures, additions, and

related facilities; and (2) machinery and equipment.

Respondents were also asked to report capitalized

expenditures, depreciation charges, and the gross value

of assets sold, retired, scrapped, and destroyed during

1992.

Capital expenditures. Refers to all costs actually incurred

during 1992 which were or would be chargeable to the

fixed assets accounts of the reporting establishments and

which were of the type for which depreciation accounts are

ordinarily maintained. These expenditures cover the acquisition, the construction, and the major alteration of the

reporting establishment’s own buildings and other structures, whether purchased, constructed under contract, or

constructed by the reporting establishment’s own forces;

and the acquisition of machinery and equipment.

If leasing arrangements met the criteria set down by the

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) for a capital

lease, respondents were instructed to report the original

cost or market value of that equipment or building as a

fixed asset and capital expenditure if acquired during 1992.

If capital expenditures were not recorded directly at the

establishment level but handled centrally at the company

or division level, respondents were requested to report

appropriate estimates for the individual establishments.

Inventories. Includes all of the materials and supplies

that are owned regardless of where they are held. Excludes

materials which are owned by others, but held by the

reporting establishment.

Builders who built on their own account for sale were

requested to exclude work in progress and finished units

not sold from inventories.

Inventories of multiestablishment companies were instructed to be reported by the establishment that is

responsible for the inventories even if these inventories

were held at a separate location.

Ownership of construction projects. Shows the distribution of the value of construction work done by ownership

of the project; that is, Government owned or privately

owned. This classification relates to the ownership of the

projects or work undertaken during the construction phase.

Government owned projects are shown separately for

Federal and State and local governments.

Value of construction work subcontracted in from

others. Includes the value of construction work during

1992 for work done by reporting establishments as subcontractors. Establishments were asked to report the

approximate percent of total value of construction work

accounted for by such work, and the percentages reported

were applied to the reported value of construction work to

develop a value for this item.

Types of construction. Provides data by the types of

buildings, structures, or other facilities being constructed

or worked on by construction establishments in 1992.

Respondents were instructed that each building, structure,

or other facility should be classified in terms of its function.

For example, a restaurant building was to be classified in

the restaurant category whether it was designed as a

commercial restaurant building or an auxiliary unit of an

educational institution. If respondents worked on more

than one type of building or structure in a multibuilding

complex, they were instructed to report separately for each

building or type of structure. If they worked on a building

that had more than one purpose; i.e, office and residential,

or commercial, they were to classify the building by major

purpose.

In addition, all respondents were requested to report the

percentage of the value of construction work done for new

construction, additions, alterations, or reconstruction, and

maintenance and repair work for each of these types. See

the definition of ‘‘Construction’’ for the meanings of these

terms.

Building construction:

• Single-family houses, detached. Includes all residential buildings constructed for one family use.

• Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses

and townhouse-type condominiums. Includes all residential buildings with two or more living quarters side by

side, completely independent of one another, and separated by an unbroken party or lot line wall from ground to

roof.

• Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type condominiums, and cooperatives. Includes high-rise, low-rise, or any structures

containing two or more housing units other than attached

single-family houses.

• Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins. Includes hotels,

motels, bed and breakfast inns, and tourist cabins

intended for transient accommodations. Also included

are hotel and motel conference centers.

• Other residential buildings. Includes dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, and other nonhousekeeping

residential structures.

• Office buildings. Includes all buildings which are used

primarily for office space or for government administrative offices. Also included are banks or financial buildings which are three stories or more. Medical office

buildings are reported under hospitals and institutional

buildings.

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• Other commercial buildings, such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service stations. Includes all

buildings which are intended for use primarily in the retail

and service trades. For example, shopping centers,

department stores, drug stores, restaurants, public garages,

auto service stations, and one or two story bank or

financial institutions.

• Industrial buildings. Includes all industrial buildings

and plants which are used to house production and

assembly activities. Note that industrial parks should be

classified under its primary usage such as warehouses,

office space, commercial or industrial type buildings.

Heavy industrial facilities such as blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, and chemical complexes are not included

in this category but are reported under nonbuilding

construction.

• Warehouses. Includes commercial warehouses, cold

storage plants, grain elevators, mini-warehouses, and

other such storage buildings.

• Religious buildings. Includes all buildings which are

intended for religious services or functions such as

churches, synagogues, convents, monasteries, and seminaries.

• Educational buildings. Includes all buildings which are

used directly in administrative and instructional activities

such as colleges, universities, elementary and secondary schools, correspondence, commercial, and trade

schools. Libraries, museums, and art galleries, as well as

laboratories which are not a part of a manufacturing or

commercial establishment, are also included.

• Hospitals and institutional buildings. Includes medical office buildings and all other buildings which are

intended to provide hospital and institutional care such

as clinics, infirmaries, sanitariums, nursing homes, homes

for the aged, and orphanages.

• Farm buildings, nonresidential. Includes nonresidential farm buildings such as barns, poultry houses, implement sheds, and farm silos.

• Amusement, social, and recreational buildings. Includes buildings which are used primarily for entertainment, social, and recreational activities such as sports

arenas, convention centers, theaters, music halls, golf

and country club buildings, skating rinks, fitness centers,

bowling alleys, and indoor swimming pools.

• Other nonresidential buildings. Includes nonresidential buildings which are not classified elsewhere such as

fire stations, post offices, bus and air passenger terminals and hangars, and prisons.

Nonbuilding construction:

• Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guardrails, highway signs, and lighting. Includes streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, culverts, right-of-way drainage, erosion control, and

lighting. Also includes earthwork protective structures

when used in connection with road improvements.

• Outdoor swimming pools. Includes wading pools and

reflecting pools.

• Airport runways and related work. Includes runways,

taxiways, aprons, and related work.

• Private driveways and parking areas. Includes all

nonstructural parking areas and private driveways of all

surface types.

• Fencing. Includes all types of fencing.

• Recreationalfacilities. Includes athletic fields,golf courses,

outdoor tennis courts, trails, and camps.

• Tunnels. Includes highway, pedestrian, railroad, and

water distribution tunnels.

• Bridges and elevated highways. Includes viaducts

and overpasses, roads, highways, railroads, and causeways built on structural supports.

• Dam and reservoir construction. Includes hydroelectric, water supply, and flood control dams and reservoirs.

• Marine construction. Includes dredging, underwater

rock removal, breakwaters, navigational channels, and

locks.

• Harbor and port facilities. Includes docks, piers, and

wharves.

• Conservation and development construction. Includes

land reclamation, irrigation projects, drainage canals,

levees, jetties, breakwaters, and flood control projects.

• Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities. Includes electric power lines,

telephone and telegraph lines, fiber optic cables, cable

television lines, television and radio towers, and electric

light and power facilities.

• Sewers, sewerlines, septic tanks, and related facilities. Includes sanitary and storm sewers, pumping stations, septic systems, and related facilities.

• Water mains and related facilities. Includes water

supply systems, pumping stations, and related facilities.

• Pipeline construction other than sewer or

waterlines. Includes pipelines for the transmission of

gas, petroleum products, and liquefied gases.

• Urban mass transit. Includes subways, trollies, street

cars, and light rail systems.

• Railroad construction. Includes the construction of

railroad beds, tracks, freight yards, and signal towers for

systems other than urban mass transit.

• Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. Includes coke ovens and mining appurtenances such as tipples and washeries.

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• Power plants, nuclear. Includes atomic energy plants

and nuclear reactors.

• Power plants, and cogeneration plants, except nuclear. Includes electric and steam generating plants and

cogenerating plants.

• Sewage treatment plants. Includes sewage treatment

and waste disposal plants.

• Water treatment plants. Includes water filtration and

water softening plants.

• Ships. Includes special trade contractors working on

ships and boats such as painters, carpenters, joiners,

electricians, etc.

• Other nonbuilding construction. Includes all types of

nonbuilding construction not included elsewhere.

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Appendix B.

Standard Industrial Classification Titles for

Industry Groups and Industries

SIC

code Industry titles

15 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—GENERAL

CONTRACTORS AND OPERATIVE

BUILDERS

152 General Building Contractors—Residential

Buildings

1521 General Contractors—Single-Family Houses

1522 General Contractors—Residential Buildings,

Other Than Single-Family

153 Operative Builders

1531 Operative Builders

154 General Building Contractors—Nonresidential

Buildings

1541 General Contractors—Industrial Buildings and

Warehouses

1542 General Contractors—Nonresidential Buildings,

Other Than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses

16 HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—

CONTRACTORS

161 Highway and Street Construction, Except

Elevated Highways

1611 Highway and Street Construction Contractors,

Except Elevated Highways

162 Heavy Construction, Except Highway and

Street Construction

1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway

Construction Contractors

1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications

and Power Line Construction Contractors

1629 Heavy Construction Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS

171 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

1711 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

172 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

1721 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

SIC

code Industry titles

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS—Con.

173 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

1731 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

174 Masonry, Stone Work, Tile Setting, and

Plastering Special Trade Contractors

1741 Masonry, Stone Setting, and Other Stone

Work Special Trade Contractors

1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical, and Insulation

Work Special Trade Contractors

1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

175 Carpentry and Floor Work Special Trade

Contractors

1751 Carpentry Work Special Trade Contractors

1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work Special

Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

176 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

177 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

1771 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

178 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

1781 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

179 Miscellaneous Special Trade Contractors

1791 Structural Steel Erection Special Trade

Contractors

1793 Glass and Glazing Work Special Trade

Contractors

1794 Excavation Work Special Trade Contractors

1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work Special

Trade Contractors

1796 Installation or Erection of Building Equipment,

Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

1799 Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

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Appendix C.

Geographic Divisions and States

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut

Maine

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey

New York

Pennsylvania

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois

Indiana

Michigan

Ohio

Wisconsin

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa

Kansas

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

North Dakota

South Dakota

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Maryland

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES—Con.

North Carolina

South Carolina

Virginia

West Virginia

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama

Kentucky

Mississippi

Tennessee

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Texas

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona

Colorado

Idaho

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Wyoming

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

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1992 CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES

The Census of Construction Industries is taken once

every 5 years. The census covers all establishments

engaged in construction, including:

• Building contractors

• Heavy construction contractors

• Special trade contractors (including plumbers, carpenters, painters, electricians)

Data products in the census of construction industries are

issued in four publication series and in three media:

Printed reports [P]

CD-ROM [C]

Highlights online [+ ]

Preliminary Industry Series

(CC92-I-1(P) to -27(P))

(Available July 1994 through January 1995) [P] [C]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing national statistics for establishments with payroll. Statistics shown for 1992 include:

• Number of establishments

• Number of employees

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done, by type of structure

• Selected operating costs

Final Industry Series

(CC92-I-1 to -27)

(Available April 1995 through August 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing statistics for the Nation and individual States on establishments with payroll. These reports

update figures from the preliminary industry series (employment, payroll, value of construction, etc.) and provide

measures of the following:

• Capital expenditures

• Inventories

• Industry profiles

• Assets

• Depreciation

• And much more

Geographic Area Series

(CC92-A-1 to -10)

(Available August 1995 through December 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Nine reports on the construction industries, representing each census geographic division, and a U.S. summary

report. Regional reports provide detailed data for States

and metropolitan areas.

Subject Report—Legal Form of Organization

and Type of Operation (CC92-S-1)

(Available August 1995) [P] [C]

One report providing selected national statistics for

each industry by legal form of organization and type of

operation. This report includes data for establishments

with and without payroll. Data in this report include—

• Employment

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done

• Selected operating costs

OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUS REPORTS

The census of construction industries is part of the 1992

Economic Census. The economic census is conducted at

5-year intervals in years ending in 2 and 7 and consists of

eight separate censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

...plus several related programs: enterprise statistics; information on minority-owned and women-owned businesses;

and the census of outlying areas, including separate

economic census of Puerto Rico and other outlying areas.

The census of agriculture and census of governments are

conducted separately.

HOW TO ORDER DATA PRODUCTS

Order forms for the specific reports and other data

products may be obtained from Data User Services Division, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300. If you have any questions, call

Census Customer Services 1-301-457-4100.

Publication Program