# Patent

## Title
Absorbent articles and securement means

## Abstract

An absorbent article includes a chassis having a substantially rectangular shape a first portion, a second portion and a crotch portion extending between the first and second portion, a portion of the chassis being configured to absorb fluids. The absorbent article includes a first securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion of the chassis. The absorbent article includes a second securement portion operatively coupled to the second portion of the chassis and configured to releasably attach to the first securement portion. The chassis is configured to include one of a first chassis length or a second chassis length. When the chassis includes the first length, the chassis includes a first width and the first securement portion includes a second width, and when the chassis includes the second length, the chassis includes the first width and the first securement portion includes a third width, greater than the second width.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/276,843 filed Oct. 19, 2011 entitled “ABSORBENT ARTICLES AND SECUREMENT MEANS.” U.S. Patent Application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/394,758 filed Oct. 19, 2010 and entitled “ABSORBENT ARTICLES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME,” the content of these applications are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.


BACKGROUND
The present invention relates generally to absorbent articles and, in particular, to absorbent articles having improved fit, comfort and manufacturability.
Millions of people of all ages suffer from incontinence of the bowel or bladder. Whether an infant, adult, or elderly person, the underlying cause of incontinence varies but the method of treatment typically involves absorbent article products. Adult incontinent briefs, disposable diapers and underpads can alleviate some of the emotional and physical discomfort of incontinence by absorbing and containing liquid and other discharges from the human body to prevent body and clothing soiling.
Despite recent pressure from Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) to change clinical practice to promote systematic treatment of incontinence, improper use of absorbent incontinent products for the management of urinary and fecal incontinence continues. The high prevalence of incontinence in nursing home residents, results in Incontinence Associated Dermatitis (IAD) in the perineal area and is a common complication. Improper fit or use, applying the wrong size to a user, of absorbent articles is a contributing factor to perineal dermatitis by creating increase heat build-up or chafing against the superficial skin tissue.
In an attempt to improve performance and reduce abrasion to the skin, the absorbent articles industry has been introducing new product concepts with, for example, non-woven back sheets for better comfort. However, these products still contribute to the development of IAD due to the improper size and design in the crotch chassis and leg cut out. In an attempt to size the garments appropriately, a majority of current absorbent articles are sold in five sizes: Medium, Regular, Large, Extra Large and 2X Large. These sizes however do not resolve the above issues as the articles do not sufficiently accommodate users with different body size proportions. As a result caregivers constantly need to use a larger, oversized garment because the product design does not allow for good fit around the patients waist and thigh leg area at the same time. Thus, caregivers are placing larger garments on the patient to compensate which leads to higher cost; potential leakage; and lower dignity because of a bigger bulky garment being worn.
Further, not using the correct size garment on a patient who suffers from incontinence violates the federal governments CMS-F315 rules that require care professionals and staff to use the correct size and type of garment based on the patient's condition and size.
Additionally, multiple sizes are created by multiple size components leading to inefficient manufacturing process. Each size requires the manufacturer to stop the machine and change out a number of the machine's sections in order to produce the next size. After changing the machine sections, other sections need to be recalibrated in order to insure the raw material components are converted correctly. These changeovers can take anywhere between 6 to 12 hours depending on the machine being used by the manufacturer. This downtime reduces the amount of product the machine can produce and increases the manufacturers converting cost. Further, current adult brief machines manufactures are required to use extra steel and other materials in order to build the additional components for the additional sizes.
In another attempt to improve performance and fit, incontinence articles are configured with stretchable material attached to the back panel of the article's ears. However the stretch briefs have shorter front panels in order to offset the cost of stretch material. First this requires the caregiver to use a different application technique because the attachment zone is smaller. Second, the stretch material, when extended fully to accommodate a larger waist for patients who at the upper limit of sizing, can cause skin irritation and breakdown, particularly in the waist and hip region. Often the waist securement portions are over-stretched and incorrectly fit, traumatizing the skin as it lays adjacent to.
In an attempt to improve the performance of an absorbent layer of the incontinence article, the top of a core of the absorbent layer can be embossed. Embossing the top of the absorbent layer can increase the lateral movement of fluid that comes in contact with the absorbent layer and can reduce leakage, but can also increase circular movement of the fluid and increase leakage. Similarly, absorbent layers having two cores have similar advantages and disadvantages. In addition, flow between the top core and the bottom core can be insufficient, even when the top of the bottom core is embossed.
Accordingly, a need exists for absorbent articles that provide a better fit and comfort, and increased absorption, while reducing the number of sizes within a range of products, reducing manufacturing costs, and reducing the impact on the environment.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The foregoing and other advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of absorbent article in a first configuration according to one embodiment.
FIG. 2A-B illustrates a top view of a first absorbent article and a second absorbent article in the first configuration according to one embodiment.
FIG. 3A-B illustrates a top view of a third absorbent article and a fourth absorbent article in the first configuration according to one embodiment.
FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of an absorbent article in a second configuration.
FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of an absorbent article in a third configuration.
FIG. 6 illustrates a front securement portion coupled to a back securement portion according to one embodiment.
FIG. 7 illustrates a securement portion having an elastic panel according to one embodiment.
FIG. 8 illustrates a wearer including an absorbent article in the third configuration according to one embodiment.
FIG. 9 illustrates a wearer including an absorbent article in the third configuration according to another embodiment.
FIG. 10 illustrates an exploded view of the absorbent article shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 11 illustrates a perspective view of a second core of the absorbent article depicted in FIG. 1.
FIG. 12 illustrates a perspective view of a first core of the absorbent article depicted in FIG. 1.
FIG. 13 illustrates a cross-section of an end view of a portion of an absorbent article according to an embodiment.
FIG. 14 illustrates a cross-section of an end view of a portion of an absorbent article according to an embodiment.
FIG. 15 illustrates a cross-section of an end view of a portion of an absorbent article according to an embodiment.
FIG. 16 illustrates a cross-section of a side view of a portion of the absorbent article shown in FIG. 15.



While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail herein. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
Absorbent articles as described herein generally include a moisture-pervious inner layer, an absorbent layer, and a moisture-impervious outer layer. Although the remainder of the description will be specifically directed to adult incontinence articles, a disposable diaper, it is to be understood that the embodiments may also be implemented on other absorbent articles, baby diapers for example, and that the properties and uses described below apply to these other absorbent articles as well.
Embodiments of the invention are now described in detail. Referring to the drawings, like numbers indicate like parts throughout the views. As used in the description herein and throughout the claims, the following terms take the meanings explicitly associated herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise: the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on.” Relational terms such as first and second, top and bottom, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, reference designators shown herein in parenthesis indicate components shown in a figure other than the one in discussion. For example, talking about a device (10) while discussing figure A would refer to an element, 10, shown in figure other than figure A.
In some embodiments, an absorbent article includes a chassis. The chassis has a substantially rectangular shape including a length extending in a longitudinal direction from the back to the front of a user and a width extending in a lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the length between first and second longitudinal edges. The chassis further includes a first portion, a second portion and a crotch portion extending between the first and second portion, a portion of the chassis being configured to absorb fluids. The absorbent article includes a first securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion of the chassis, the first securement portion having a width extending in a lateral direction from the first longitudinal edge of the chassis first portion and a length extending longitudinally along the first longitudinal edge. The absorbent article includes a second securement portion operatively coupled to the second portion of the chassis in a position longitudinally spaced from the first securement portion and configured to releasably attach to the first securement portion. The chassis is configured to include one of a first chassis length or a second chassis length. When the chassis includes the first length, the chassis includes a first width and the first securement portion includes a second width, and when the chassis includes the second length, the chassis includes the first width and the first securement portion includes a third width, greater than the second width.
In some embodiments, an absorbent article includes a chassis. The chassis including a length extending in a longitudinal direction from the back to the front of a user and a width extending in a lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the length between first and second longitudinal edges. The chassis comprises a first portion, a second portion and a crotch portion extending between the first and second portion, a portion of the chassis being configured to absorb fluids. The absorbent article includes a first securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion of the chassis, the first securement portion having a width extending in a lateral direction from the first longitudinal edge of the first portion of the chassis and a length extending longitudinally along the first longitudinal edge. The absorbent article includes a second securement portion having a stretch portion and a non-stretch portion, the second securement portion operatively coupled to the second portion of the chassis in a position longitudinally spaced from the first securement portion and configured to releasably attach to the first securement portion. The chassis configured to include one of a first length or a second length. When the chassis includes the first length, the stretch portion of the second securement portion includes a first width and the non-stretch portion of the second securement portion includes a second width, and when the chassis includes the second length, the stretch portion of the second securement portion includes the first width and the non-stretch portion of the second securement portion includes a third width, greater than the second width.
In some embodiments, a system of absorbent articles to ensure a properly fitting absorbent article includes a first absorbent article and a second absorbent article. The first absorbent article has a first width and a first length along a longitudinal edge. The first absorbent article includes a first portion, a second portion, and a crotch portion extending between the first and second portion. The first absorbent article includes a securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion, the securement portion having a width extending in a lateral direction from the longitudinal edge of the first portion and a length extending longitudinally along the longitudinal edge. The second a second absorbent article has the first width and a second length along a longitudinal edge. The second absorbent article includes a first portion, a second portion, and a crotch portion extending between the first and second portion. The second absorbent article includes a securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion, the securement portion having a width extending in a lateral direction from the first longitudinal edge of the first portion and a length extending longitudinally along the first longitudinal edge.
Other features further provide leg openings that are more generous as a result of the rectangular chassis, rectangular body securement portion configuration allowing for a more accurate fit to accommodate a wide range of body types per article size. Front panels are configured to underlay the back panels providing a more comfortable fit and reduced skin degradation and trauma to the wearer.
FIG. 1 illustrates in plan view, an exemplary non-limiting general embodiment of an absorbent article 100 in a substantially flat un-contracted state (the first configuration), having a reduced component configuration that accommodates multiple sized wearers. In this embodiment the article comprises a chassis 102, securement portions 104, 106, 108, 110, a first core portion 116, and a second core portion 118. Although not shown in this figure, the absorbent article 100 may include a set of leak guards and/or a set leg cuffs 142, 144, both known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In this embodiment there are four body securement portions comprising a first securement portion 104, a second securement portion 106, a third securement portion 108, and a fourth securement portion 110. It should be noted that four securement portions are used in this embodiment however it should be recognized that other embodiments may be configured with more or fewer securement portions.
The absorbent article 100 generally consists of several layers (see, e.g., FIG. 10), including an inner layer, an absorbent layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer faces a wearer and contacts the skin of the wearer when the absorbent article 100 is secured to the wearer. The inner layer may be composed of a moisture-pervious fabric suitable to allow bodily discharge to pass through the inner layer and be absorbed by the absorbent layer. Non-limiting examples of materials suitable to form the inner layer include polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, materials having hydrophobic properties, combinations thereof and/or the like. Additionally, the inner layer can be treated with a hydrophilic finish to improve pass through of liquids to diaper layers beneath the inner layer. Non-limiting examples of suitable hydrophilic finishes include stearic acid, melamine-based chemicals, fluorocarbon chemicals, and silicon based chemicals.
The absorbent article 100 generally has a back region 150 and a front region 160. First securement portion 104 and second securement portion 106 are coupled to and may extend from the back region 150, and third securement portion 108 and fourth securement portion 110 are coupled to and may extend from the front region 160. The back region 150 is generally positioned against the back of the user. The front region 160 is generally positioned against the front of the user. The third securement portion 108 and the fourth securement portion 110 are configured to wrap around a wearer's waist from front to back, and the first securement portion 104 and the second securement portion 106 are configured to wrap around a wearer's waist from back to front. In this manner, first securement portion 104 and second securement portion 106 can be coupled to third securement portion 108 and fourth securement portion 110, respectively, to couple the front region 160 to the back region 150.
The absorbent article 100 in this illustration of FIG. 1 is shown with the portion of the absorbent article 100 that contacts the wearer shown facing the viewer. The absorbent article 100 includes a longitudinal axis 101 and a lateral axis 103. The absorbent article 100 includes a first end portion 105, a second end portion 107, and an intermediate portion 109. The first end portion 105 is also referred to herein as a front waist region 105, the second end portion 107 is also referred to herein as a back waist region 107, and is substantially opposite the first end portion 105, and the intermediate portion 109 is also referred to herein as a crotch region 109, and is disposed longitudinally between the front and back waist regions 105 and 107. The front waist region 105 and the back waist region 107 generally comprise those portions of the absorbent article 100 which, when worn, encircle the waist of the wearer. The crotch region 109 is that portion of the absorbent article 100 which, when the absorbent article 100 is worn, is generally positioned between the legs of the wearer. The back securement portions 104 and 106 and the front securement portions 108 and 110, are separated by distance L1 114. This distance L1 114 defines a portion of the leg opening.
The article's chassis 102 has a chassis width “CW” 112, and a chassis length “CL” 111. The chassis width 112 is a common width across all article sizes that accommodate a plurality of body sizes. Stated in a different way, the absorbent article 100 has a multi-article-size-accommodating width 112 and a multi-article-size-accommodating length 111. Still, put in other words, one chassis width 112 is used for different sized brief articles while still accommodating different wearer's body sizes. By way of example, there are two lengths of the chassis, as illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 in combination with FIG. 1, a first chassis length CL 211a, 211b for a first article size and a second article size, in this embodiment a Medium size and a Regular size, and a second chassis length CL 311a 311b for a third article size and a fourth article size, for example a Large size and a Xlarge size in this embodiment.
The chassis 102 has a shape such that its outer perimeter is rectangular or at least substantially rectangular in the first configuration in this embodiment the absorbent article 100 has at least one securement portion that is coupled to the chassis 102 at one of the front waist region 105 or the back waist region 107. In other embodiment, there may be portions of the chassis that are shaped and/or removed, such as in the crotch region 109, for example, resulting in a narrower crotch region portion 109 to provide a contoured fit between the legs. Still other embodiments have different shaped chassis, such as hour glass shapes, T-shapes, and the like.
The first securement portion 104 is coupled to a first longitudinal side edge portion 113 of the chassis, the first securement portion 104 overlapping the chassis 102 along the lineal contact points of attachment 132. The amount of overlap is sufficient to reliably attach the securement portion to the chassis such that there is no separation during use, as would be understood to one of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment, the overlap of the first securement portion 104 with the chassis 102 longitudinal side edge 113 is between 6 mm and 50 mm (or about 0.25 inches and 2.0 inches). In this embodiment, the overlap of the securement portion with the chassis is generally the same for all four securement portions. First securement portion 104 includes two fasteners 120. Fasteners 120 can be configured to operatively couple first securement portion 104 to third securement portion 108 and/or to anywhere along the front region 105. While FIG. 1 depicts first securement portion 104 as including two fasteners 120, in some embodiments, first securement portion 104 can include more or fewer fasteners. While FIG. 1 depicts fasteners 120 sized and shaped a particular way, in other embodiments, fasteners 120 can be a different size and/or shape, such as, for example, similar to fastener 762 as depicted in FIG. 7.
The second securement portion 106 is coupled to the second longitudinal side edge portion 115 of the chassis, the first securement portion 106 overlapping the chassis 102 along the lineal contact points of attachment 130, in the same manner as the first securement portion 104. Together, the first securement portion 104, the back waist region of the chassis 107, and the second securement portion 106, laterally form the overall width “OWa” 170 of the article at the back region. The first securement portion 104 has a first width P1 122 and the second securement portion 106 has a second width P2 124. Second securement portion 106 includes two fasteners 120. Fasteners 120 can be configured to operatively couple second securement portion 106 to fourth securement portion 110 and/or to anywhere along the front region 105. While FIG. 1 depicts second securement portion 106 as including two fasteners 120, in some embodiments, second securement portion 106 can include more or fewer fasteners. While FIG. 1 depicts fasteners 120 sized and shaped a particular way, in other embodiments, fasteners 120 can be a different size and/or shape, such as, for example, similar to fastener 762 as depicted in FIG. 7.
In some embodiments, the first securement portion 104 and the second securement portion 106 can be coupled to the chassis 102 in the following manner. An end portion 131 of first securement portion 104 can be temporarily coupled to and end portion 129 of second securement portion 106. In some of these embodiments, end portion 131 can overlap end portion 129 and can be temporarily coupled to end portion 129 via an adhesive. In other of these embodiments, end portion 131 can be temporarily coupled to end portion 129 via a perforated seam (not shown) between end portion 129 and end portion 131. Chassis 102 can be temporarily coupled to first securement portion 104 and second securement portion 106. Specifically, the back waist region 107 of the chassis 102 can be disposed substantially on top of the end portion 129 of the first securement portion 104 and the end portion 131 of the second securement portion 106. Said another way, end portion 129 of first securement portion 104 and end portion 131 of second securement portion 106 can be disposed on a first side of chassis 102. At least a portion of first securement portion 104 can be folded over chassis 102 such that first securement portion 104 can be operatively coupled to chassis 102 approximately at lineal contact points 132 as described above. At least a portion of second securement portion 106 can be folded over chassis 102 such that second securement portion 106 can be operatively coupled to chassis 102 approximately at lineal contact points 130 as described above. End portion 129 and end portion 131 can be released from contact with the other of end portion 129 and end portion 131.
The third securement portion 108 is coupled to a third longitudinal side edge portion 119 of the chassis, the third securement portion 108 overlapping the chassis 102 along the lineal contact points of attachment 134. The amount of overlap is sufficient to reliably attach the securement portion to the chassis such that there is no separation during use, as would be understood to one of ordinary skill in the art.
The fourth securement portion 110 is coupled to the fourth longitudinal side edge portion 121 of the chassis, the first securement portion 110 overlapping the chassis 102 along the lineal contact points of attachment 136, in the same manner as the first, second or third securement portion 104, 106, 108. Together, the third securement portion 108, the front waist region of the chassis 105, and the fourth securement portion 110, laterally form the overall width “OWb” 180 of the absorbent article 100 at the back region. The third securement portion 108 has a third width P3 126 and the fourth securement portion 110 has a fourth width P4 128. In this embodiment all four securement portion widths P1-P4 are substantially the same.
Third securement portion 108 and fourth securement portion 110 can be operatively coupled to the chassis 102 via temporary coupling of end portion 138 of third securement portion 108 and end portion 139 of fourth securement portion 110 in a manner similar to that described above with reference to first securement portion 104 and second securement portion 106.
In other embodiments the width of the securement portions may vary from portion to portion as well as from front to back or side to side. For example, the first securement portion 104 and the second securement portion 106 may have a substantially equal width but a different width than the third securement portion 108 and the fourth securement portion 110. In another embodiment the first securement portion and the second securement portion are one continuous piece, running across the entire chassis in a perpendicular fashion and extending beyond the edges of the chassis, forming the body securement portions. In another embodiment the third securement portion and the fourth securement portion are one continuous piece, running across the entire chassis in a perpendicular fashion and extending beyond the edges of the chassis, forming the body securement portions. In one embodiment the overall width of the back region “OWa” 170, including the first securement portion 104, the chassis 102 and the second securement portion 106 stays the same, and similarly the overall width of the front region “OWb” 180, including the third securement portion 108 the chassis 102 and the fourth securement portion 110 stays substantially the same.
In one embodiment the chassis 102 has a common chassis width CW 112 between 190 mm and 350 mm and preferably about 320 mm for all article sizes (the first size article, the second size article, the third size article and the fourth size article). In this embodiment the width of each securement portion (Px) is the same at the back region end 150 as it is in the front region end 160. For all article sizes (e.g. medium, regular, large, extra large), the chassis width 112 is the same. In this embodiment the chassis 102 has a rectangular shape or a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the width is the short dimension. For the first article size and the second article size, the chassis 102 may also have a first common chassis length CL 111 which in this embodiment is between 800 mm and 880 mm and preferably 860 mm. For the third article size and the fourth article size, the chassis 102 may have a second common chassis length CL 111, different from the first common chassis length, and in this embodiment is between 860 mm to 1000 mm and preferably 960 mm. The chassis length CL 111 in this figure refers to the dimension and not the actual value.
As shown in FIG. 1, the edge 199 of chassis 102 can be substantially flush with edge 117 of portion 104 and portion 106. In some embodiments, the edge 199 can extend beyond the edge 117 of portion 104 and portion 106 (see, e.g., FIG. 4).
The articles are assembled together in the manufacturing process such that the body securement portions are secured to the chassis 102 wherein the panels 104, 106, 108 and 110 are disposed between a first chassis layer, for example a top sheet, and a second chassis layer, for example a bottom sheet. The machine assembling the article is set such that the panel widths are changed from a first width to a second width in order to change over from building a first article size 201 to a second article size 202. Similarly, when changing over to a third article size, the panel widths are increased, and additionally in this embodiment, the chassis length is increased to the second chassis length as for the third article size 303 and fourth article size 304. For these changes, the change over is completed by running different programs in the machine and minimal or even zero hard tooling change over is required. By way of example, there may be no hard tool change-overs such as the replacement of cutting dies which are typically used for cutting leg openings. Instead, only vacuum plate changes may be needed for the size changes in the panel widths and length which are relatively simple replacements. In some embodiments, the vacuum plates need not even be physically replaced, the vacuum plates are sized to accommodate all sizes of panels and depending on the size of the panel, and vacuum ports are enabled or disable based on the size of the panel.
FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate together, in plan view fashion, an exemplary non-limiting general embodiment of four different sized absorbent articles, in the flat un-contracted state. The first absorbent article 201 configured as a first wearer size and the second absorbent article 202 configured as a second wearer size are shown in FIG. 2. The third absorbent article 303 sized as a third wearer size and the fourth absorbent article 304 sized as a fourth wearer size are shown, in their flat un-contracted state, in FIG. 3. The different wearer sizes, the first and second articles 201, 202 are created by configuring the securement portion widths, e.g. P1, P2 or both, for the first wearer size 201 and the second wearer size 202 in order to accommodate different wearer waist sizes, all with the same chassis width 212 and chassis length 211a and 211b. For example, the first size article 201 will have a fixed chassis width “CW” of about 320 mm and first, second, third and fourth securement portion individual widths of about 180 mm, while the second size article will have first, second, third and fourth securement portion widths of about 200 mm, however still with the chassis width “CW” of 320 mm. The chassis length 211a and 211b, are about 860 mm for the first and second articles 201, 202.
In this embodiment, using the first size article 201 as an example, the securement portion width “Px” may be maintained the same for each securement portion 204, 206, 208, 210 or in another embodiment the first securement width 204 may be a different width than the second securement portion width 206, while maintaining the same overall width 203 of the rear portion of the article. In yet another embodiment the first and second securement portions 204, 206, may have a first width, and the third and fourth securement portions 208, 210 may have a second width.
For the third size 303 and the fourth size 304 (FIG. 3), the chassis width 311a and 311b “CW” of about 320 mm, remains the same as the first and second sizes, however the securement portion widths “Px” and the chassis lengths “CL” 111 are configured differently from the first size 201 and the second size 202 to accommodate the different, greater in this embodiment, article sizes. The third size article 303 will have a fixed chassis width “CW” of about 320 mm and first, second, third and fourth securement portion widths of about 255 mm, while the fourth size article 304 will have first, second, third and fourth securement portion widths of about 275 mm. The chassis length, 311a and 311b may be between 860 mm and 1000 mm and in one embodiment the chassis length 311a and 311b, is about 960 mm for the first and second articles 201, 202.
As with the first and second article sizes 201, 202, the securement portion width “Px” may be maintained the same for each securement portion 304, 306, 308, 310 or in another embodiment the first securement portion 304 width may be a different width than the second securement portion width 306, yet while maintaining the same overall width “OWa” 301 of the article at the back end or the same overall width “OWb” 302 of the article at the front end. In yet another embodiment the first and second securement portions 304, 306, may have a first width, and the third and fourth securement portions 308, 310 may have a second width. As the width of the first and second portions increases, the width of the third and fourth portion may decrease, so long as there is overlap in accordance with the size of the article to fit the wearer.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the third size article 303 will have a fixed chassis width “CW” of about 320 mm and first, second, third and fourth securement portion widths of about 255 mm, while the fourth size article 304 will have first, second, third and fourth securement portion widths of about 275 mm. The chassis length, 311a and 311b may be between 860 mm and 1000 mm and in one embodiment the chassis length 311a and 311b, is about 960 mm for the first and second articles 201, 202.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an absorbent article 400 in a second configuration. Absorbent article 400 can be similar to and include similar components as absorbent article 100. By way of example, absorbent article 400 includes securement portion 404, 406, 408, and 410, which can be similar to securement portions 104, 106, 108, and 110, respectively. The second configuration shows the chassis 402 in a position as it would be when placed on the wearer although the securement portions, 404, 406, 408 and 410 remain in an un-contracted, unwrapped state. Securement portion 404 includes an edge 465, securement portion 406 includes an edge 467, securement portion 408 includes an edge 466, and securement portion 410 includes an edge 469.
FIG. 5 is a side view of an absorbent article 500 in a third configuration. Absorbent article 500 can be similar to and include similar components as absorbent article 100. By way of example, absorbent article 500 includes securement portion 504 (not shown), 506, 508, and 510 (not shown), which can be similar to securement portions 104, 106, 108, and 110, respectively. The third configuration shows the securement portions in a wrapped state, as they would be wrapped around a wearer. In this embodiment, the securement portions may be configured such that the second securement portion 506 overlaps the third securement portion 508, and the first securement portion 504 overlaps the fourth securement portion 510. The third and fourth securement portions 508, 510, lay directly adjacent the wearer's skin, while the first securement portion 504 and the second securement portion 506, lie partially on the wearer's skin and partially on the third and fourth securement portions respectively. Having front securement portions that may wrap substantially up to and in some embodiments substantially past a person mid point and around towards and against the wearer's backside provides a more comfortable fit.
The leg opening 501, is defined by a bottom edge 570 of the securement portions, a second securement portion 506 and a third securement portion 508, and the longitudinal edges portions 505 of the chassis 502, having the length L1 114 between the securement portions along the longitudinal edge of the chassis 502. Because of the rectangular nature of the securement portions 506 and 508 for the first leg opening, the bottom edge 570 is significantly adjacent the waist and, is positioned higher than or at least significantly above the thigh of the wearer.
FIG. 6 illustrates a front securement portion 608 and a back securement portion 606. The front securement portion 608 can be similar to third securement portion 108 and fourth securement portion 110, and back securement portion 606 can be similar to first securement portion 104 and second securement portion 106. The front securement portion has a length 674 and the back securement portion has a length 676. The length of the front securement portion 608 is greater than the length 676 of the back securement portion. A fastener 678 is coupled to the back securement portion 606. The length of the front securement portion 608 is greater than the length for the back securement portion 606 to move up or down during fastening and still provide a landing zone for the fastener 678, such that the fastener 678 does not come in contact with the wearer's skin. In this embodiment, the fastener 678 has substantially the same length as the back securement portion 606 length 676. The fastener 678 in this embodiment may be applied to the back securement portion 606 and cut to length during the formation of the back securement portion 606.
FIG. 7 illustrates a securement portion 706, of a chassis 702, the securement portion 706 including an elastic panel coupled thereto. Securement portion 706 can be similar to and include similar components with first securement portion 104 and second securement portion 106. In one embodiment, the securement portion 706 has a first non-elastic panel 752, a second non-elastic panel 754 and an elastic panel 756. In one embodiment, the elastic panel 756 is disposed between the first non-elastic panel 752 and the second non-elastic panel 754. Each panel has a first side edge and a second side edge, distal the first side edge, and a top edge 766 and a bottom edge 768, forming a rectangle. The first non-elastic panel 752 is attached to the chassis 702 at a first side edge of the first non-elastic panel 752 and to a first side edge of the elastic panel 756 at a second side edge, distal the first side edge. A second side edge of the elastic panel 756, distal the first side edge, is coupled to a first side edge of the second non-elastic panel 754. The second side edge 764, distal the first side edge, has at least one fastener 762 coupled thereto. Securement portion 706 is coupled to the chassis 702 in a similar fashion to the securement portions 104, 106, 108, 110 as discussed above.
A first seam 758 is formed by the first non-elastic panel 752 second side edge joint with the first side edge of the elastic panel 756. A second seam 760 is formed by the second side edge of the elastic panel 756, joining with the first side edge of the second non-elastic panel 754.
Having a portion of the securement portion 706 include a stretchable material allows for a single article to fit a greater number size range of wearers. For example in one embodiment, only two article sizes are need to fit the same size range of wears for the four articles discussed above. This further reduces waste as there is a reduction in the amount of machinery need to build multiple size accommodating articles as well as less change over from product size to product size, thereby increasing efficiency in the manufacturing process.
In one embodiment the elastic panel 756 has a width between 40 mm and 100 mm and preferably has a width of about 68 mm in one embodiment for a first article size. The non-elastic portions may have equal widths which may be about 77 mm for example for the first article size. For a second size in this embodiment, the elastic panel 756 has a width between 40 mm and 100 mm and preferably has a width of about 68 mm in one embodiment for a first article size. The non-elastic portions may have equal widths which may be about 108 mm for example. There is an overlap of the non-elastic portion and the elastic portion of about 15 mm in this embodiment. This overlap is where the two portions are joined together. In this embodiment, the two portions are glued together. One of ordinary skill in the art will understand the plurality of methods and procedures for affixing the portions together.
The stretch material may be made from stretch material as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment the stretch material is a 107 gsm stretch material by 3M. FIG. 8 illustrates wearer including an absorbent article 800 in the third configuration. The absorbent article can include a chassis 802. In this embodiment a front securement portion 808 wraps around the wearer from front to back and lays underneath the back securement portion 806. The back securement portion 806 can overlap the front securement portion 808 a distance 880. Front securement portion 808 can be similar to and include similar components with third securement portion 108, fourth securement portion 110, and front securement portion 708. Similarly, back securement portion 806 can be similar to and include similar components with first securement portion 104, second securement portion 106 and back securement portion 706. In this embodiment the front securement portion 808 length 874 is greater than the back securement portion 806 length 882. The back securement portion 806 includes an elastic panel 856 disposed between a first non-elastic panel 852 and a second non-elastic panel 854, and includes a fastener 862 similar to fastener 762 and fastener 678. A first seam 858, formed by the joint between the elastic portion 856 and the first non-elastic portion 852. A second seam 868, formed by the joint between the elastic portion 856 and the second non-elastic portion 854. The width of the front securement portion 808 is great enough that it lays between the second seam 860 and the wearer's skin reducing the abrasive effect of the seam on the skin. In this embodiment the front securement portion width is between 130 mm and 260 mm and is preferably 180 mm for a first embodiment first size. The overall width for the first size is 680 mm, and may be between 630 mm and 830 mm. The front securement portion width is between 205 mm and 335 mm and is preferably 255 mm for a first embodiment second size. The overall width for the second size is 829 mm, and may be between 720 mm and 950 mm.
FIG. 9 illustrates a wearer including an absorbent article 900 in the third configuration. In this embodiment a front securement portion 908 wraps around the wearer from front to back and lays underneath the back securement portion 906. The back securement portion 906 can overlap the front securement portion 908 a distance 980. Front securement portion 908 can be similar to and include similar components with third securement portion 108, fourth securement portion 110, and front securement portion 708. Similarly, back securement portion 906 can be similar to and include similar components with first securement portion 104, second securement portion 106 and back securement portion 706. In this embodiment the front securement portion 908 length 974 is greater than the back securement portion 906 length 982. The back securement portion 906 includes an elastic panel 956 disposed between a first non-elastic panel 952 and a second non-elastic panel 954, and includes a fastener 920 similar to fastener 120. A first seam 966, is formed by the joint between the elastic panel 956 and the second non-elastic panel 954. The width of the front securement portion 908 is great enough that it lays between the first seam 966 and the wearer's skin reducing the abrasive effect of the seam on the skin. A second seam 958, is formed by the joint between the elastic panel 856 and the first non-elastic panel 852. The width of the front securement portion 908 is great enough that it lays between the first seam 966 and the second seam 958 and the wearer's skin reducing the abrasive effect of the seam on the skin.
In this embodiment the front securement portion width is between 130 mm and 260 mm and is preferably 180 mm for a first embodiment first size. The overall width for the first size is 680 mm, and may be between 630 mm and 830 mm. The front securement portion width is between 205 mm and 335 mm and is preferably 255 mm for a first embodiment second size. The overall width for the second size is 829 mm, and may be between 720 mm and 950 mm.
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the absorbent article 100 with certain items removed for clarity. As shown in FIG. 10, absorbent article 100 includes securement portions 104, 106, 108, 110; first core 116; second core 118; fasteners 120; and leg cuffs 142, 144. Additionally, absorbent article includes an inner layer 130, an AD 133 disposed between the inner layer 130 and the second core 118, an outer layer 135, and elastic bands 137. The elastic bands 137 can improve the fit of the absorbent article 100 and can improve the comfort of the wearer.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a top side (facing towards wearer) of the second core 118, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a bottom side (facing away from a wearer) of the first core 116. Each of first core 116 and second core 118 can be composed of similar material, and can be shaped depending on the size of the absorbent article, and whether it is intended for use by infants, children and/or adults. By way of example, and as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, first core 116 can be larger and substantially hourglass shaped, whereas second core 118 can be smaller, relative to first core 116, and can be substantially rectangular shaped. In this manner, the absorbent article can include a large surface area of coverage provided by the first core 116, and the increased absorbency provided by the second core 118, without the additional bulk of a second core having the same size as the first core.
First core 116 is shown having an embossed bottom and second core 118 is shown having an embossed top. The embossed top of second core 118 and the embossed bottom of first core 116 provide increased longitudinal flow while reducing lateral flow, and, in this manner, reducing leakage. Said another way, the embossed top of second core 118 and the embossed bottom of first core 116 allows fluid to move longitudinally towards the front and the back of a wearer, as opposed to towards the legs of a wearer.
Each of the first core 116 and the second core 118 may be composed of any materials suitable for absorbing the fluids and discharge including, but not limited to, a fibrous material (e.g., fluffed wood pulp), a super absorbent polymer (SAP), or the combination of SAP and fibrous material. The SAP can be natural or synthetic and may be biodegradable. Non-limiting examples of SAP include polymers based on acrylate(s) such as sodium acrylate, potassium acrylate, and/or an alkyl acrylate(s) (e.g., methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and hexyl acrylate). The absorbency of the diaper may vary depending upon whether it is intended for use by infants, children and/or adults.
While FIGS. 11 and 12 depict the first core 116 having an embossed bottom, and the second core 118 having an embossed top (see also, for example, FIGS. 15 and 16), in some embodiments, an absorbent article can have only a single core with no embossing (see, e.g., FIG. 13), a single core with embossing on both sides (see, e.g., FIG. 14), and/or other combinations of one or two cores each with embossing on one, both, or neither side. While the FIGS. show absorbent articles include one or two cores, in some embodiments, absorbent articles can include more or fewer cores. While FIGS. 11, 12, 14, and 15 depict embossing as including four spaced apart embossing “lines,” in some embodiments, a core can include more or fewer embossing lines. In some embodiments, embossing lines can be adjacent one another, or can be a combination of adjacent and spaced apart embossing lines. In this manner, the different combinations of embossing lines can define an embossing pattern. While FIGS. 11, 12, 14, and 15 depict embossing substantially along the entire width and length of each respective core, in some embodiments a core can have embossing substantially along an entire width and/or length, and/or a portion of a width and/or length.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an absorbent article 1000. The absorbent articles described above generally consists of several layers including an inner layer 1001, an absorbent layer 1002, and an outer layer 1003, as depicted in FIG. 10. In general and applicable to any of the above embodiment, an absorbent layer 1002 may be positioned between the inner layer 1001 and the outer layer 1003 of the absorbent article. The absorbent layer 1002 includes a core 1012. The core 1012 can be similar to and include similar characteristics with one or both of first core 116 and/or second core 118.
The outer layer 1003, which faces away from the wearer when the absorbent article is secured to the wearer, is composed of a moisture-impervious fabric. Accordingly, the outer layer 1003 may be made of any material suitable to minimize or prevent fluids and other discharge from escaping the diaper. Non-limiting examples of suitable materials for the outer layer include polyethylene and/or breathable poly. According to some embodiments, the outer layer can be a thin film such as, for example, polyethylene film. As will be discussed in greater detail below, the outer layer is typically formed from a plastic resin of any of the above-referenced materials. This outer layer 1003 that prevents diapers from leaking also prevents air circulation, thus creating a warm, moist environment where bacteria and fungi can thrive. This bacteria and fungi can cause infectious diseases, unpleasant odors, urinary tract infections, bladder infections, kidney infections, diaper rashes and the like.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an absorbent article 1100. The absorbent article 1100 can be similar to and include similar components with the absorbent article 1000. The absorbent article 1100 includes an inner layer 1101, an absorbent layer 1102, and an outer layer 1103. In general and applicable to any of the above embodiment, an absorbent layer 1102 may be positioned between the inner layer 1101 and the outer layer 1103 of the absorbent article. The absorbent layer 1102 includes a core 1112. Unlike the absorbent article 1000, the core 1112 includes an embossed top 1112A and an embossed bottom 1112B. In this manner, the core 1112 provides increased longitudinal movement of fluid on both the embossed top 1112A and embossed bottom 1112B of the core 1112, and reduced lateral flow, decreasing the potential for leaks from the side of the absorbent article 1100.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional end view of a portion of an absorbent article 1200. The absorbent article 1200 can be similar to and include similar components with the absorbent article 1000 and absorbent article 1100. The absorbent article 1200 includes an inner layer 1201, an absorbent layer 1202, and an outer layer 1203. In general and applicable to any of the above embodiment, the absorbent layer 1202 may be positioned between the inner layer 1201 and the outer layer 1203 of the absorbent article. The absorbent layer 1202 includes a first core 1212 and a second core 1214. Unlike the absorbent article 1000, but similar to absorbent article 100, the first core 1212 including an embossed bottom 1212A and the second core 1214 including an embossed top 1214A. In this manner, the first core 1212 and the second core 1212B provide increased longitudinal movement of fluid on both the embossed top 1214A and embossed bottom 1212B of the second core 1112 and the first core 1214, respectively.
FIG. 16 is a side view of absorbent article 1200. As depicted in FIG. 16 fluid may flow from a wearer into contact with absorbent article 1200. Fluid flow is shown in FIG. 16 as dashed paths FF1, FF2, and FF3. While fluid flow is shown as dashed paths in FIG. 16, in some embodiments, fluid may not flow along a defined path, or paths, in any pattern, and may or may not contact absorbent article at any one or multiple particular locations. The fluid can first flow into contact with, be partially absorbed by, and pass through, inner layer 1201. The fluid can flow into contact with the embossed top 1214A of second core 1214. A portion of the fluid can be absorbed by second core 1214 and/or move longitudinally and/or laterally on and/or within second core 1214; and a portion of the fluid can pass through second core 1214 and into contact with first core 1212. Both the greater surface area of the embossed top 1214 A, and the space created by embossed top 1214A between inner layer 1201 can direct the fluid flow longitudinally towards the front and the back of the wearer, and away from edges of absorbent article 1200 (e.g., reduced lateral flow). In this manner, when longitudinal flow is increased and/or when lateral flow is decreased, leakage can be reduced. A portion of the fluid can be absorbed by first core 1212 and/or move longitudinally and/or laterally on and/or within first core 1212; and a portion of the fluid can pass through first core 1212 and into contact with outer layer 1203. Both the greater surface area of the embossed bottom 1212A, and the space created by embossed bottom 1212A between outer layer 1203 can direct the fluid flow longitudinally towards the front and the back of the wearer, and away from edges of absorbent article 1200 (e.g., reduced lateral flow). In this manner, when longitudinal flow is increased and/or when lateral flow is decreased, leakage can be reduced.
While the present invention has been described with reference to one or more particular embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Furthermore, components from one embodiment can be used in other non-exclusive embodiments. By way of example, any of the absorbent articles described herein can include any of the absorbent layers described in FIGS. 10-12. Each of these embodiments and obvious variations thereof is contemplated as falling within the spirit and scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following alternative embodiments.

## Claims

1. A system of absorbent articles comprising at least a first absorbent article and a second absorbent article, each absorbent article of the system compromising:
a chassis, the chassis including a length extending in a longitudinal direction from the back to the front of a user and a width extending in a lateral direction substantially perpendicular to the length between first and second longitudinal edges, the chassis comprising a first portion, a second portion and a crotch portion extending between the first and second portion, a portion of the chassis being configured to absorb fluids;
a first securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion of the chassis; and
a second securement portion having a width operatively coupled to the second portion of the chassis in a position longitudinally spaced from the first securement portion and configured to releasably attach to the first securement portion;
wherein the first absorbent article chassis length is a first length, the first absorbent article chassis width is a first width and the first absorbent article second securement portion width is a second width;
wherein the second absorbent article chassis length is a second length different from the first length, the second absorbent chassis width is the first width and the second absorbent article second securement portion width is a third width greater than the second width;
a third securement portion operatively coupled to the first portion of the chassis; and
a fourth securement portion operatively coupled to the second portion of the chassis in a position longitudinally spaced from the third securement portion and configured to releasably attach to the third securement portion;
wherein the first absorbent article is configured to fit a first range of users, and the second absorbent article is configured to fit a second range of users, different from the first range of users.

2. The system of absorbent articles of claim 1 wherein the first securement portion comprises first and second side edge portions having a length extending along the chassis longitudinal axis and top and bottom edge portions having a width extending perpendicular to the chassis longitudinal axis,
wherein the second securement portion comprises third and fourth longitudinal side edge portions having a length extending along the chassis longitudinal axis and top and bottom edge portions having a width extending perpendicular to the chassis longitudinal axis,
wherein the first securement portion first longitudinal side edge portion is coupled to the chassis first portion along the chassis first longitudinal edge and the second securement portion third longitudinal side edge portion is coupled to the chassis second portion along the chassis first longitudinal edge.

3. The system of absorbent articles of claim 1, wherein the securement portions are positioned on the chassis in spaced relation adjacent to the waist of a user and wherein the securement portions are positioned on the chassis higher than or at least significantly above the thigh of a user.

4. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein the first securement first and second side edge portions are substantially parallel to the chassis length and the first securement top and bottom edge portions are substantially perpendicular to the chassis length, the portions forming a substantially rectangular shape.

5. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein at least one of the first securement portion first and second longitudinal side edge portions and top and bottom edge portions are asymmetrical.

6. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein at least one of the second securement portion third and fourth longitudinal side edge portions and top and bottom edge portions are asymmetrical.

7. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein the securement portions form a substantially trapezoidal shape.

8. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein the geometry of the securement portions is irregular.

9. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein the first securement portion and second securement portion receive complementary fastening devices.

10. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein the first securement portion top edge portion is substantially flush with an edge portion of the chassis first portion.

11. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein a top edge portion of the chassis first portion extends beyond the first securement portion top edge portion.

12. The system of absorbent articles of claim 2, wherein the second securement portion top edge portion is substantially flush with a top edge portion of the chassis second portion.

13. The system of absorbent articles of claim 1, wherein the first securement portion and the second securement portion have substantially the same size and shape.

14. The system of absorbent articles of claim 1, wherein the first securement portion and the second securement portion have at least one of a different size and shape.

15. The system of absorbent articles of claim 14, wherein the first securement portion second longitudinal side edge portion has a length that is greater than the length of the second securement portion third side edge portion.

16. The system of absorbent articles of claim 14, wherein the first securement portion second longitudinal side edge portion has a length that is greater than the length of the second securement portion fourth side edge portion.

17. The system of absorbent articles of claim 14, wherein the width of the first and third securement portions is substantially the same, wherein the width of the second and fourth securement portions is substantially the same, wherein the width of the first and third securement portions is different from the width of the second and fourth securement portions.

18. The system of absorbent articles of claim 14, wherein the length of the first and third securement portions is substantially the same, wherein the length of the second and fourth securement portions is substantially the same, wherein the length of the first and third securement portions is different from the length of the second and fourth securement portions.