Summary Health Statistics

for U.S.Adults: National

Health Interview Survey,

2010

Series 10, Number 252 January 2012
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Schiller JS, Lucas JW, Ward BW, Peregoy JA. Summary health statistics for

U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010. National Center for Health

Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(252). 2012.

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Series 10, Number 252

Summary Health Statistics for

U.S.Adults: National Health

Interview Survey, 2010

Data From the National Health

Interview Survey

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics

Hyattsville, Maryland

January 2012

DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2012–1580
National Center for Health Statistics

Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D., Director

Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Associate Director for Science

Division of Health Interview Statistics

Jane F. Gentleman, Ph.D., Director
Contents 

Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 

Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 

Methods .................................................................................................. 2 

Data Source ............................................................................................. 2 

Estimation Procedures..................................................................................... 3 

Transition to 2000 Census-based Weights ..................................................................... 3 

Age Adjustment .......................................................................................... 3 

Sample Size Changes in NHIS .............................................................................. 3 

Income and Poverty Status Changes ......................................................................... 4 

Data Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 

Variance Estimation and Significance Testing .................................................................. 4 

Further Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 

Selected Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 

Selected Circulatory Conditions ............................................................................. 5 

Selected Respiratory Conditions............................................................................. 5 

Selected Cancers ......................................................................................... 6 

Diabetes, Ulcers, Kidney Disease, Liver Disease, and Arthritis and Chronic Joint Symptoms ........................... 6 

Pain ................................................................................................... 6 

Hearing and Vision Trouble and Absence of Natural Teeth ....................................................... 7 

Feelings of Sadness, Hopelessness, Worthlessness, or That Everything Is an Effort.................................... 7 

Feelings of Nervousness or Restlessness ...................................................................... 8 

Work-loss Days and Bed Days.............................................................................. 8 

Difficulties in Physical Functioning .......................................................................... 9 

Health Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 

Current Health Status Relative to 1 Year Ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 

Current Cigarette Smoking Status .......................................................................... 10 

Alcohol Drinking Status .................................................................................. 10 

Leisure-time Physical Activity Status ....................................................................... 11 

Body Mass Index........................................................................................ 11 

Usual Place of Health Care................................................................................ 12 

Number of Office Visits to Doctor or Other Health Professional in Past 12 Months .................................. 12 

Length of Time Since Last Contact With Doctor or Other Health Professional ...................................... 13 

Length of Time Since Last Contact With Dentist or Other Dental Health Professional ................................ 13 

HIV Testing Status ...................................................................................... 14 

References ............................................................................................... 14 

Detailed Tables (1–41) ..................................................................................... 16 

Appendix I. Technical Notes on Methods (with Tables I–III)...................................................... 139 

Appendix II. Definitions of Selected Terms.................................................................... 143 

Appendix III. Tables of Unadjusted (Crude) Estimates (Tables IV–XXIII) ........................................... 149 

iii
List of Detailed Tables

1.	 Frequencies of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 16 

2.	 Age-adjusted percentages of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 19 

3.	 Frequencies of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 22 

4.	 Age-adjusted percentages of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 25 

5.	 Frequencies of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010........ 28 

6.	 Age-adjusted percentages of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 

2010.............................................................................................. 31 

7.	 Frequencies of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 34 

8.	 Age-adjusted percentages of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 37 

9.	 Frequencies of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .............................................................. 40 

10.	 Age-adjusted percentages of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ...................................................... 43 

11.	 Frequencies of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 46 

12.	 Age-adjusted percentages of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ...................................................... 49 

13.	 Frequencies of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons aged 

18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ........................................... 52 

14.	 Age-adjusted percentages of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among 

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ................................ 55 

15.	 Frequencies of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 58 

16.	 Age-adjusted percentages of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .............................................................. 61 

17.	 Frequencies of work-loss days among employed persons aged 18 years and over in past 12 months, and numbers of 

work-loss days per employed person; and frequencies of bed days among all persons aged 18 years and over in past 

12 months, and numbers of bed days per person, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .................. 64 

18.	 Frequencies of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 67 

19.	 Age-adjusted percentages of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 70 

20.	 Frequency distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 73 

21.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 76 

22.	 Frequency distributions of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .............................................................. 79 

23.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ...................................................... 82 

24.	 Frequency distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 85 

25.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .............................................................. 88 

26.	 Frequency distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 91 

27.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................................... 94 

28.	 Frequency distributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 

federal physical activity guidelines among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010.................................................................................. 97 

iv
29.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 

2008 federal physical activity guidelines among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 100 

30.	 Frequency distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 103 

31.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................................... 106 

32.	 Frequency distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years and 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................... 109 

33.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 

18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .......................................... 112 

34.	 Frequency distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months among 

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................... 115 

35.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 

12 months among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ................ 118 

36.	 Frequency distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among 

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................... 121 

37.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional 

among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ......................... 124 

38.	 Frequency distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among 

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................... 127 

39.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional 

among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ......................... 130 

40.	 Frequency distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................................................. 133 

41.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ..................................................... 136 

List of Appendix Tables

I.	 Age distributions and age-adjustment weights used in age adjusting data shown in Tables 1–41: Projected 2000 U.S. 

standard population ................................................................................ 140 

II.	 Weighted counts and weighted percentages of persons aged 18 years and over with unknown health information: 

National Health Interview Survey, 2010 ................................................................ 141 

III.	 Weighted counts and weighted percentages of persons aged 18 years and over with unknown information on selected 

sociodemographic characteristics: National Health Interview Survey, 2010 ................. ................. 142 

IV.	 Crude percentages of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 149 

V.	 Crude percentages of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 152 

VI.	 Crude percentages of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010. . 155 

VII.	 Crude percentages of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................................... 158 

VIII.	 Crude percentages of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................................................. 161 

IX.	 Crude percentages of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................................................. 164 

X.	 Crude percentages of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons 

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ...................................... 167 

XI.	 Crude percentages of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................................... 170 

XII.	 Crude percentages of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................................... 173 

XIII.	 Crude percent distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 176 

XIV.	 Crude percent distributions of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by 

selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................................................. 179 

XV.	 Crude percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................................... 182 

v
XVI.	 Crude percent distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected 

characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................................... 185 

XVII.	 Crude percent distributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet the 

2008 federal physical activity guidelines among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 188 

XVIII. Crude percent distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: 

United States, 2010................................................................................. 191 

XIX.	 Crude percent distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years 

and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .................................................. 194 

XX.	 Crude percent distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months 

among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ......................... 197 

XXI.	 Crude percent distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among 

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................... 200 

XXII.	 Crude percent distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among 

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 ............................... 203 

XXIII. Crude percent distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, 

by selected characteristics: United States, 2010 .......................................................... 206 

vi
Objectives

This report presents health statistics

from the 2010 National Health Interview

Survey (NHIS) for the civilian

noninstitutionalized adult population,

classified by sex, age, race and

Hispanic origin, education, family

income, poverty status, health

insurance coverage, marital status, and

place and region of residence.

Estimates are presented for selected

chronic conditions and mental health

characteristics, functional limitations,

health status, health behaviors, health

care access and utilization, and human

immunodeficiency virus testing.

Percentages and percent distributions

are presented in both age-adjusted and

unadjusted versions.

Data Source

NHIS is a household, multistage

probability sample survey conducted

annually by interviewers of the U.S.

Census Bureau for the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention’s National

Center for Health Statistics. In 2010, data

were collected on 27,157 adults in the

Sample Adult questionnaire. The

conditional response rate was 77.3%, and

the final response rate was 60.8%. The

health information for adults in this report

was obtained from one randomly selected

adult per family. In very rare instances

where the sample adult was not able to

respond for himself or herself, a proxy was

used.

Highlights

In 2010, 61% of adults aged 18 years

and over had excellent or very good

health. Twelve percent of adults had been

told by a doctor or health professional that

they had heart disease, 25% had been

told on two or more visits that they had

hypertension, 9% had been told they had

diabetes, and 22% had been told they had

some form of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis,

gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia. Twenty-one

percent of adults were current smokers,

and 21% were former smokers. Based on

estimates of body mass index, 35% of

adults were overweight and 27% were

obese.

Keywords: chronic conditions •

health behavior • health utilization •

mental health

Summary Health Statistics for

U.S. Adults: National Health

Interview Survey, 2010

by Jeannine S. Schiller, M.P.H.; Jacqueline W. Lucas, M.P.H.; Brian

W. Ward, Ph.D.; and Jennifer A. Peregoy, M.P.H., Division of Health

Interview Statistics

Introduction

This report is one in a set of reports

summarizing data from the 2010

National Health Interview Survey

(NHIS)—a multipurpose health survey

conducted by the Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention’s (CDC)

National Center for Health Statistics

(NCHS). This report provides national

estimates for a broad range of health

measures for the U.S. civilian

noninstitutionalized population of adults.

The other two reports in this set provide

estimates of selected health measures for

the U.S. population and for children

under age 18 years (1,2). These three

volumes of descriptive statistics and

highlights are published for each year of

NHIS (3–5) and, since 1997, have

replaced the annual, one-volume Current

Estimates series (6).

Estimates are presented here for

selected chronic conditions, selected

mental health characteristics, functional

limitations, health status, health

behaviors, health care access and

utilization, and human

immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing

status, and are derived from the Sample

Adult Core component of the annual

NHIS Basic Module. These health

estimates are shown in Tables 1–41 for

various population subgroups, including

those defined by sex, age, race and

Hispanic origin, education (for persons

aged 25 and over), family income,

poverty status, health insurance

coverage, marital status, place of

residence, and region of residence.

Appendix I contains brief technical

notes on methods and detailed

information about age adjustment and

unknown values (Tables I–III). Appendix

II contains definitions of selected terms

used in this report, and Appendix III

contains tables of unadjusted health

estimates.

NHIS has been an important source

of information about health and health

care in the United States since it was

first conducted in 1957. Given the

ever-changing nature of the U.S.

population, the NHIS questionnaire has

been revised every 10–15 years, with

the latest revision occurring in 1997.

The first design changes were

introduced in 1973 and the first

procedural changes in 1975 (7). In 1982,

the NHIS questionnaire and data

preparation procedures of the survey

were extensively revised. The basic

concepts of NHIS changed in some

cases; in other cases, the concepts were

measured differently. A more complete

explanation of the 1982 changes is

given in Appendix IV of Series 10, No.

150 (8). In 1985, a new sample design

for NHIS and a different method of

presenting sampling errors were

introduced (9,10). In 1995, another

change in the sample design was

introduced, including the oversampling

of black and Hispanic or Latino

persons (11).

The 1997 NHIS featured both a

substantially revised instrument (in terms of

questionnaire content) and a new means of

administration (i.e., computer-assisted

personal interviewing). This new design

improves the ability of NHIS to provide

important health information. However,

comparisons of NHIS data collected

Page 1
Page 2 [ Series 10, No. 252

before and after the beginning of 1997

should not be undertaken without a

careful examination of the changes

across survey instruments (6,8,10).

In response to the changing

demographics of the U.S. population, in

1997 the Office of Management and

Budget (OMB) issued new standards for

the collection of data on race and

Hispanic or Latino origin (12). Most

notably, the new standards allow

respondents to the census and federal

surveys to indicate more than one group

in answering questions on race.

Additionally, the category ‘‘Asian or

Pacific Islander’’ is now split into two

distinct categories, ‘‘Asian’’ and ‘‘Native

Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander’’

(NHOPI), for data collection purposes.

Although NHIS had allowed

respondents to choose more than one

race group for many years, NHIS

became completely compliant with all of

the new race and ethnicity standards

with the fielding of the 1999 survey.

The tables in this report reflect these

new standards. The text in this report

uses shorter versions of the new OMB

race and Hispanic or Latino origin terms

for conciseness, but the tables use the

complete terms. For example, the

category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino, black

or African American, single race’’ in the

tables is referred to as ‘‘non-Hispanic

black’’ in the text.

The NHIS sample is redesigned and

redrawn about every 10 years to better

measure the changing U.S. population

and to meet new survey objectives. A

new sample design for NHIS was

implemented in 2006. Its fundamental

structure is very similar to the previous

1995–2005 NHIS sample design,

including state-level stratification. The

new sample design reduced the NHIS

sample size by about 13% compared

with the 1995–2005 NHIS.

Oversampling of the black and Hispanic

populations has been retained in 2006

and beyond to allow for more precise

estimation of health characteristics in

these growing minority populations. The

new sample design also oversamples the

Asian population. In addition, the

sample adult selection process has been

revised so that when black, Hispanic, or

Asian persons aged 65 and over are in

the family, they have an increased

chance of being selected as the sample

adult.

Additionally, beginning with the

2003 NHIS, editing procedures were

changed to maintain consistency with

U.S. Census Bureau procedures for

collecting and editing data on race and

ethnicity. As a result of these changes,

in cases where ‘‘Other race’’ was

mentioned along with one or more

OMB race groups, the ‘‘Other race’’

response is dropped, and the OMB race

group information is retained on the

NHIS data file. In cases where ‘‘Other

race’’ was the only race response, it is

treated as missing and the race is

imputed. Although this change has

resulted in an increase in the number of

persons in the OMB race category

‘‘White,’’ which numerically is the

largest group, the change is not expected

to have a substantial effect on the

estimates in this report. More

information about the race and ethnicity

editing procedures used by the Census

Bureau is available from: http://www.

census.gov/popest/data/historical/files/

MRSF-01-US1.pdf.

Methods

Data Source

The main objective of NHIS is to

monitor the health of the U.S.

population through the collection and

analysis of data on a broad range of

health topics. The target population for

NHIS is the civilian noninstitutionalized

population of the United States. Persons

excluded are patients in long-term care

institutions (e.g., nursing homes for the

elderly, hospitals for the chronically ill

or physically or intellectually disabled,

and wards for abused or neglected

children), correctional facilities (e.g.,

prisons or jails, juvenile detention

centers, and halfway houses),

active-duty Armed Forces personnel

(although their civilian family members

are included), and U.S. nationals living

in foreign countries. Each year, a

representative sample of households

across the country is selected for NHIS

using a multistage cluster sample design.

Details on the sample design used for

the 1995–2005 NHIS can be found in

‘‘Design and Estimation for the National

Health Interview Survey, 1995–2004’’

(11). A new report providing a complete

description of the 2006 NHIS sample

design is being developed. Trained

interviewers from the U.S. Census

Bureau visit each selected household

and administer NHIS in person. Detailed

interviewer instructions can be found in

the NHIS field representative’s

manual (13).

The annual NHIS questionnaire

(also called the Basic Module or Core)

consists of three main components:

Family Core, Sample Adult Core, and

Sample Child Core. The Family Core

collects information for all family

members regarding household

composition and sociodemographic

characteristics, along with basic

indicators of health status, limitation in

activities, and utilization of health care

services. One responsible family

member whose age is equal to or over

the age of majority for a given state

responds to questions about all family

members in the Family Core. In most

states, this age is 18 years, but in

Alabama and Nebraska it is 19 years,

and in Mississippi it is 21 years.

Although considerable effort is made to

ensure accurate reporting, information

from both proxies and self-respondents

may be inaccurate because the

respondent is unaware of relevant

information, has forgotten it, does not

wish to reveal it to an interviewer, or

does not understand the intended

meaning of the question.

The Sample Adult and Sample

Child cores obtain additional

information on the health of one

randomly selected adult (‘‘sample

adult’’) and child (‘‘sample child’’) in

the family. The sample adult responds

for himself or herself; a knowledgeable

adult in the family provides proxy

responses for the sample child. In rare

instances when the sample adult is

mentally or physically incapable of

responding, proxy responses are

accepted for this person. The Sample

Adult Core, the primary source of data

for this report, collects information on

health conditions, activity limitations,

health behaviors, and access to and

utilization of health care services from
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 3

one randomly selected adult per family.

Information regarding demographic

characteristics in this report is obtained

from the Family Core.

The interviewed sample for 2010

consisted of 34,329 households, which

yielded 89,976 persons in 35,177

families. A total of 35,153 adults were

eligible for the Sample Adult

questionnaire. Data were collected for

27,157 adults, a conditional response

rate of 77.3% (the number of completed

Sample Adult interviews divided by the

total number of eligible sample adults).

The unconditional or final response rate

for the Sample Adult Core component

was calculated by multiplying the

conditional rate by the overall family

response rate of 78.7%, yielding a final

Sample Adult component response rate

of 60.8% (14).

Estimation Procedures

The Sample Adult weights were

used to produce the national health

estimates contained in this report. For

each health measure, both weighted

frequencies and percentages (or rates)

for all adults and for various subgroups

of the adult population are shown. All

counts are expressed in thousands.

Counts for persons of unknown status

with respect to health characteristics of

interest are not shown separately in the

tables, nor are they included in the

calculation of percentages (or rates), to

provide a more straightforward

presentation of the data. For all health

measures in this report, the percentages

with unknown values are typically small

(generally less than 1%) and are shown

in Appendix I, Table II. Nevertheless,

these unknown cases are included in the

total population counts shown in

selected tables. Therefore, slightly

different percentages than those shown

in the tables may be obtained if

percentages are calculated based on the

frequencies and population counts

presented in the tables.

In addition, some of the

sociodemographic variables that are

used to delineate various population

subgroups have unknown values. For

most of these variables, the percentage

unknown is small. However, in the case

of family income, no income

information is available for about 3% of

sample adults in the 2010 survey, and

about 15% of sample adults provided

only a broad range for their family

income (see ‘‘Income and Poverty

Status Changes’’ section). Poverty status,

which is based on family income, has a

high nonresponse rate as a result

(Appendix I, Table III) (15). Missing

data on family income and personal

earnings in NHIS have been imputed by

NCHS analysts using multipleimputation methodology. Five ASCII

data sets containing imputed values for

the survey year and additional

information about the imputed income

files can be found at http://

www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm. However,

income and poverty estimates in this

publication are based only on reported

income and may differ from other

measures that are based on imputed data

(which were not available when this

report was prepared). Health estimates

for sample adults with these unknown

sociodemographic characteristics are not

shown in the tables. Appendix I,

Table III, provides more information on

the extent of unknown data for income

and poverty status.

Transition to 2000

Census-based Weights

In Summary Health Statistics

reports prior to 2003, weights for NHIS

data were derived from 1990

census-based postcensal population

estimates. Beginning with 2003 data,

NHIS transitioned to weights derived

from 2000 census-based population

estimates. The impact of this transition

was assessed for the 2002 NHIS by

comparing estimates for selected health

characteristics using the 1990

census-based weights with those using

the 2000 census-based weights.

Although the effect of new population

controls on survey estimates differed by

type of health characteristic, the effect

of this change on health characteristic

rates was small but was somewhat

larger for weighted frequencies (16).

Age Adjustment

Beginning with the 2002 Summary

Health Statistics report, estimates have

been provided in two sets of tables.

Unless otherwise specified, percentages

in the first set (Tables 1–41) were age

adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

standard population. Age adjustment

was used to permit comparison among

various sociodemographic subgroups

that may have different age structures

(17,18). The age groups used for age

adjustment in this report are 18–44,

45–64, 65–74, and 75 years and over,

unless otherwise noted (Appendix I,

Table I). Health insurance and education

are restricted to certain age groups and

are therefore adjusted accordingly (see

relevant table footnotes for age groups).

Age-adjusted estimates shown in the

tables may not match age-adjusted

estimates for the same health

characteristic in other reports if different

age groups were used for age

adjustment. Tables IV–XXIII in

Appendix III provide unadjusted

estimates so that current estimates may

be compared with those published in the

1997–2001 Summary Health Statistics

reports to determine the effects of age

adjustment on the 2010 estimates (see

Appendix I for details on age

adjustment). Frequency tables have been

removed from the set of unadjusted

tables in Appendix III to eliminate

redundancy.

Sample Size Changes in

NHIS

The size of the NHIS sample was

reduced due to budget shortfalls in

2002–2004 and 2006–2008. Following a

reduction of approximately 50% during

January–March 2009, newly available

funding later in 2009 permitted an

expansion during October–December to

expand that quarter’s normal sample

size by approximately 50%. The net

effect of the January–March reduction

and the October–December expansion

was that the 2009 NHIS sample size

was approximately the same as it would

have been if the sample had been

maintained at a normal level during the

entire calendar year.
Page 4 [ Series 10, No. 252

In 2010, the NHIS sample was

increased by approximately 25% during

January–March. No further increases or

reductions were made in the remaining

months of that year, resulting in a 2010

NHIS sample size that was slightly

larger than the 2009 NHIS sample size.

Income and Poverty Status

Changes

Starting with the 2007 NHIS, the

income amount follow-up questions that

had been in place since 1997 were

replaced with a series of unfolding

bracket questions. This decision was

based on the relatively poor

performance of the 1997–2006 versions

of the follow-up income amount

questions and on the results of a 2006

field test that compared unfolding

bracket follow-up questions with the

income amount follow-up questions

used since 1997. Further information

about the 2006 field test is available in

Appendix I.

The unfolding bracket method

utilized a series of closed-ended income

range questions (e.g., ‘‘Is it less than

$50,000?’’) for respondents who failed

to provide the exact amount of the

family income. The closed-ended

income range questions were

constructed so that each successive

question established a smaller range for

the amount of the family income in the

last calendar year.

Based on results from the 2006

field test, the unfolding bracket

follow-up income questions performed

better than the follow-up income

questions used from 1997 to 2006. For

example, the percentage of unknown

responses for a three-category poverty

status variable was 17% using the

income bracket follow-up questions

compared with 31% using the income

follow-up questions used from 1997

through 2006.

Because of these positive results,

the unfolding bracket income follow-up

questions were implemented during the

first quarter of the 2007 NHIS. Due to

differences in the income follow-up

questions between 1997–2006 and

2007–2010, income and poverty status

estimates from 2007–2010 may not be

comparable with those from prior years.

Data Limitations

The redesigned NHIS is quite

different in content, format, and mode

of data collection from earlier versions

of the survey. These changes can make

it complex to compare 1997–2010 NHIS

estimates with those of earlier years.

The 2006–2010 NHIS is based on a

different sample design, including the

oversampling of the Asian population

and of Hispanic, black, or Asian sample

adults at least 65 years of age, as well

as a permanent sample reduction of

13%, compared with the 1997–2005

NHIS. The change in sample design

should be considered when comparing

estimates from the 2006–2010 NHIS

with those from earlier years. Beginning

in 2003, NHIS uses weights derived

from the 2000 census-based population

estimates. Those who compare NHIS

frequencies across this transition (e.g.,

comparing 2005 with 2002) must

recognize that some of the observed

differences may be due to the change in

population estimates. Unadjusted

percentage estimates shown in the

Appendix III tables may be compared

with those published in Summary Health

Statistics reports of 1997–2001, which

did not contain age-adjusted estimates.

Age-adjusted estimates in this report

should not be compared with earlier

unadjusted estimates unless it can be

demonstrated that the effect of age

adjustment is minimal.

It is important to note that

frequencies are underestimates due to

item nonresponse and unknowns, both

of which are excluded from the tables

(with the exception of the ‘‘All persons’’

or ‘‘Total’’ columns shown in each

table). Appendix I, Tables II and III,

provide more information about the

number of unknowns with respect to

each health characteristic.

Estimates should be interpreted only

after reviewing Appendix I, which

contains important information about the

methods used to obtain the estimates,

changes in the survey instrument, and

measurement issues currently being

evaluated.

Variance Estimation and

Significance Testing

Because NHIS data are based on a

sample of the population, the data are

subject to sampling error. Standard

errors are reported to indicate the

reliability of the estimates. Estimates

and standard errors were calculated

using SUDAAN software (19), which

takes into account the complex sampling

design of NHIS. The Taylor series

linearization method was used for

variance estimation in SUDAAN.

Standard errors are shown for all

rates and percentages in the tables (but

not for the frequencies). Estimates with

a relative standard error greater than

30% and less than or equal to 50% are

indicated with an asterisk (*) and should

be used with caution because they do

not meet standards of reliability or

precision. Estimates with a relative

standard error greater than 50% are

indicated with a dagger (†) and are not

shown. The statistical significance of

differences between point estimates was

evaluated using two-sided t tests at the

0.05 level and assuming independence.

Terms such as ‘‘greater than,’’ ‘‘less

than,’’ ‘‘more likely,’’ ‘‘less likely,’’

‘‘compared with,’’ or ‘‘opposed to’’

indicate a significant difference between

estimates, whereas ‘‘similar,’’ ‘‘no

difference,’’ or ‘‘comparable’’ indicate

that the estimates are not significantly

different. A lack of commentary about

any two estimates should not be

interpreted to mean that a t test was

performed and the difference was found

to be not significant. Furthermore, these

tests did not take into account multiple

comparisons. Estimates for population

subgroups with small sample sizes may

fluctuate considerably from year to year

due to sampling variability.

Further Information

The latest information about NHIS

is available from: http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs/nhis.htm. This website features

downloadable public-use data and

documentation for NHIS, as well as

important information about any
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 5

modifications or updates to the data or

documentation.

Readers may also wish to join the

NHIS listserv by visiting: http://

www.cdc.gov/subscribe.html. Complete

the appropriate information and click the

‘‘National Health Interview Survey

(NHIS) researchers’’ box, followed by

the ‘‘Subscribe’’ button at the bottom of

the page. The listserv consists of

approximately 4,000 NHIS data users

worldwide who receive e-news about

NHIS data (e.g., new releases of data or

modifications to existing data),

publications, conferences, and

workshops.

Selected Highlights

This section presents brief bulleted

summaries of the estimates shown in

Tables 1–41. Estimated percentages were

age adjusted by the direct method using

the 2000 U.S. population as the standard

population. In most cases, the age

groups used to adjust estimated

percentages are the same age groups

presented in the tables (see table notes

for age adjustment groups). All

estimates were calculated using the

Sample Adult weight variable, which is

calibrated by NCHS staff to produce

numbers consistent with estimates of the

adult civilian noninstitutionalized

population of the United States by sex,

age, and race and ethnicity, based on

projections from U.S. Census 2000.

Selected Circulatory

Conditions (Tables 1 and 2)

+	 Overall, 12% of adults aged 18

years and over had ever been told

by a doctor or other health

professional that they had heart

disease, 6% had ever been told they

had coronary heart disease, 25% had

been told on two or more visits they

had hypertension, and 3% had ever

been told they had experienced a

stroke.

+	 Among adults aged 18 years and

over, men were more likely to have

ever been told they had coronary

heart disease than women. The

prevalence of hypertension in men

and women was similar.

+	 A positive relationship was observed

between age and the presence of

heart disease (including coronary

heart disease), hypertension, and

stroke: As age increased, the

percentages of adults with these

conditions also increased.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, Asian adults were less

likely to have ever been told they

had coronary heart disease or

hypertension than white adults.

Asian adults and white adults were

less likely to have been told they

had hypertension compared with

black adults.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, Hispanic

adults were less likely to have been

told they had any type of heart

disease than non-Hispanic white

adults. Thirty-four percent of

non-Hispanic black adults had ever

been told they had hypertension

compared with 23% of Hispanic

adults and 24% of non-Hispanic

white adults.

+	 Education was inversely associated

with coronary heart disease,

hypertension, and stroke: As

educational level increased, the

percentages of adults with these

conditions decreased.

+	 Poverty level was inversely

associated with heart disease (any

type), hypertension, and stroke.

Adults in families that were poor or

near poor were more likely to have

ever been told they had these

conditions than were adults in

families that were not poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

those covered by Medicaid were

more likely to have been told they

had heart disease (any type) than

those with private insurance or who

were uninsured. Among adults aged

65 years and over, those covered by

Medicaid and Medicare were more

likely to have been told they had

hypertension than those with either

Medicare alone or private insurance.

+	 Thirty-seven percent of nonHispanic black women had

hypertension compared with 23% of

non-Hispanic white women and 23%

of Hispanic women. Thirty-one

percent of non-Hispanic black men

had hypertension compared with

25% of non-Hispanic white men and

21% of Hispanic men. Non-Hispanic

white men had the highest

percentage of heart disease (any

type) compared with other

single-race sex and ethnicity groups.

Selected Respiratory

Conditions (Tables 3 and 4)

+	 Overall, 2% of adults aged 18 years

and over had ever been told by a

doctor or other health professional

that they had emphysema. Thirteen

percent had ever been told they had

asthma, and 8% still had asthma.

Eight percent of adults had been

told in the past 12 months that they

had hay fever, 13% had been told

they had sinusitis, and 4% had been

told they had chronic bronchitis.

+	 Women were more likely to have

been told they had asthma, hay

fever, sinusitis, or chronic bronchitis

than men. Men were more likely to

have been told they had emphysema

than women.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, Asian adults were less

likely to have been told in the past

12 months that they had sinusitis,

chronic bronchitis, or asthma (ever

or still) than either black or white

adults.

+	 Hispanic adults had lower rates of

asthma, hay fever, emphysema, and

chronic bronchitis than non-Hispanic

white adults and non-Hispanic black

adults. Hispanic adults also were

less likely to have been told in the

past 12 months that they had

sinusitis than were non-Hispanic

black adults.

+	 Adults with a bachelor’s degree or

higher were less likely to have been

told they had emphysema or chronic

bronchitis compared with other

education groups.

+	 Adults in poor families had higher

percentages of emphysema, asthma,

and chronic bronchitis than adults in

families that were not poor.
Page 6 [ Series 10, No. 252

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

those insured by Medicaid had

higher percentages of emphysema,

asthma, and chronic bronchitis than

those with private insurance or who

were uninsured. Similarly, among

adults aged 65 and over, those

insured by Medicaid and Medicare

had higher percentages of

emphysema, asthma, and chronic

bronchitis than those with only

Medicare health care coverage or

those with private insurance.

+	 The percentage of adults with

sinusitis was higher in the South

than in any other region of the

United States.

+	 Compared with other single-race sex

and ethnicity groups, white

non-Hispanic women and black

non-Hispanic women were most

likely to have sinusitis. NonHispanic white women were most

likely to have been told in the past

12 months that they had hay fever

compared with other single-race sex

and ethnicity groups.

Selected Cancers (Tables 5

and 6)

+	 Overall, 8% of adults aged 18 years

and over had ever been told by a

doctor or other health professional

that they had some form of cancer.

+	 As age increased, the percentage of

adults who had ever been told by a

doctor or other health professional

that they had cancer increased.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, white adults were more

likely to have ever been told they

had cancer compared with black

adults and Asian adults.

+	 Nine percent of non-Hispanic white

adults had ever been told they had

some form of cancer compared with

5% of non-Hispanic black adults

and 4% of Hispanic adults.

+	 When considering single-race sex

and ethnicity groups, non-Hispanic

white women and men had the

highest overall percentages of ever

having been told by a doctor or

other health professional that they

had cancer.

Diabetes, Ulcers, Kidney

Disease, Liver Disease, and

Arthritis and Chronic

Joint Symptoms (Tables 7

and 8)

+	 Overall, 9% of adults aged 18 years

and over had ever been told by a

doctor or other health professional

that they had diabetes, 6% had ever

been told they had an ulcer, 2% had

been told in the past 12 months that

they had kidney disease, and 1%

had been told in the past 12 months

that they had liver disease.

+	 Twenty-two percent of adults had

ever been told by a doctor or other

health care professional that they

had some form of arthritis,

rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or

fibromyalgia, and 28% had chronic

joint symptoms (e.g., pain or

stiffness in or around a joint in the

past 30 days that began more than 3

months ago).

+	 Women were more likely to be

diagnosed with arthritis or to have

chronic joint symptoms than men.

+	 Age was positively associated both

with arthritis diagnosis and the

presence of chronic joint symptoms.

Fifty-four percent of adults aged 75

years and over had an arthritis

diagnosis compared with 7% of

adults aged 18–44 years, and 45%

of adults aged 75 years and over

had chronic joint symptoms

compared with 17% of adults aged

18–44 years.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, Asian adults were less

likely to have arthritis or chronic

joint symptoms than white adults,

black adults, and American Indian or

Alaska Native (AIAN) adults.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, Hispanic

adults and non-Hispanic black adults

were more likely to have been told

by a doctor or other health

professional that they had diabetes

compared with non-Hispanic white

adults. Hispanic adults were less

likely to have arthritis or chronic

joint symptoms compared with

non-Hispanic white adults and

non-Hispanic black adults.

+	 Diabetes was inversely related to

level of education: 15% of adults

with less than a high school diploma

had diabetes compared with 7% of

adults with a bachelor’s degree or

higher.

+	 Adults in poor families were more

likely to have ever been told by a

doctor or other health professional

that they had diabetes, ulcers,

kidney disease, liver disease,

arthritis, or chronic joint symptoms

than adults in families that were not

poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

those covered by Medicaid had

higher percentages of diabetes,

ulcers, kidney disease, liver disease,

arthritis, and chronic joint symptoms

than those covered by private

insurance or who were uninsured.

Among adults aged 65 years and

over, those covered by Medicaid and

Medicare had higher percentages of

diabetes, kidney disease, and liver

disease than those with private

insurance or who had only Medicare

health care coverage.

+	 When results are considered by sex

and ethnicity, non-Hispanic white

men and women were less likely to

have been told they had diabetes

than Hispanic or non-Hispanic black

men and women. Hispanic men and

women and non-Hispanic black men

were less likely to have chronic

joint symptoms than non-Hispanic

white men and women and

non-Hispanic black women.

Pain (Tables 9 and 10)

+	 During the 3 months prior to the

interview, 17% of adults had

experienced a migraine or severe

headache, 15% had experienced pain

in the neck area, 29% had

experienced pain in the lower back,

and 5% had experienced pain in the

face or jaw area.

+	 Women were more likely to

experience pain (in the form of

migraines, neck pain, lower back

pain, or face or jaw pain) than men.

Women were about twice as likely

to experience migraines or severe
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 7

headaches, or pain in the face or

jaw, than men.

+	 Adults aged 18–44 years and 45–64

years were more likely to have

experienced a migraine or severe

headache in the 3 months prior to

the interview compared with adults

aged 65–74 years and 75 years and

over.

+	 Adults aged 18–44 years were less

likely to have experienced pain in

the lower back during the 3 months

prior to the interview compared with

older adults.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, Asian adults were less

likely to have pain in the lower back

compared with white adults, black

adults, and AIAN adults.

+	 Adults with a bachelor’s degree or

higher were less likely to have

migraine headaches, neck pain,

lower back pain, or pain in the face

or jaw compared with adults who

did not graduate from high school.

+	 Adults in poor families were more

likely to experience migraine

headaches, neck pain, lower back

pain, or pain in the face or jaw in

the 3 months prior to the interview

than adults in families that were not

poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

those covered by Medicaid were

more likely to have migraine

headaches, neck pain, lower back

pain, or pain in the face or jaw than

those with private insurance or who

were uninsured. Among adults aged

65 years and over, those covered by

Medicaid and Medicare were more

likely to have migraine headaches,

neck pain, lower back pain, or pain

in the face or jaw than those with

private insurance or only Medicare

health care coverage.

Hearing and Vision

Trouble and Absence of

Natural Teeth (Tables 11

and 12)

+	 Overall, 16% of adults aged 18

years and over experienced some

hearing difficulty without a hearing

aid (defined as ‘‘a little trouble

hearing,’’ ‘‘moderate trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot

of trouble,’’ or ‘‘deaf’’). Men were

more likely to have experienced

hearing trouble than women.

+	 Nine percent of the adult population

experienced vision trouble (defined

as trouble seeing, even with glasses

or contact lenses). Women were

more likely to have experienced

vision trouble than men.

+	 Eight percent of the adult U.S.

population had lost all of their

natural teeth.

+	 Age was positively associated with

hearing difficulties (without a

hearing aid), vision trouble (even

with glasses or contact lenses), and

the loss of all natural teeth. As age

increased, the percentages of adults

with these conditions also increased.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, Asian adults and black

adults were less likely to have

experienced some form of hearing

difficulty (without a hearing aid)

than white adults.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, 18% of

non-Hispanic white adults

experienced some form of hearing

difficulty (without a hearing aid)

compared with 10% of non-Hispanic

black adults and 11% of Hispanic

adults.

+	 Absence of all natural teeth was

inversely associated with

education—16% of adults with less

than a high school diploma had lost

all of their natural teeth compared

with 4% of adults with a bachelor’s

degree or higher.

+	 Fifteen percent of adults in poor

families experienced vision trouble

(even with glasses or contact lenses)

compared with 8% of adults in

families that were not poor. The

poor and near poor were more likely

to have lost all of their natural teeth

than those who were not poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

those covered by Medicaid were

more likely to have hearing trouble,

vision trouble (even with glasses or

contact lenses), or absence of all

natural teeth compared with those

with private insurance or no

insurance. Among adults aged 65

years and over, those covered by

Medicaid and Medicare were more

likely to have vision trouble (even

with glasses or contact lenses), or

absence of all natural teeth, than

those with only Medicare health

care coverage or private insurance.

+	 Adults not living in a metropolitan

statistical area (MSA) were more

likely to have hearing difficulty

(without a hearing aid), vision

trouble (even with glasses or contact

lenses), or absence of all natural

teeth compared with those living in

a large MSA.

+	 When results are considered by sex

and ethnicity, non-Hispanic white

men were more likely to have had

hearing trouble compared with other

men or women.

Feelings of Sadness,

Hopelessness,

Worthlessness, or That

Everything Is an Effort

(Tables 13 and 14)

+	 Overall, 12% of adults experienced

feelings of sadness for all, most, or

some of the time during the 30 days

prior to the interview; 7% felt

hopeless; 5% felt worthless; and

16% felt that everything was an

effort for all, most, or some of the

time during the same time period.

+	 Fourteen percent of women felt sad

for all, most, or some of the time

during the 30 days prior to the

interview compared with 10% of

men. Women were also more likely

to have feelings of hopelessness,

worthlessness, or that everything is

an effort during the 30 days prior to

the interview than men.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, nonHispanic white adults were less

likely to have feelings of sadness

all, most, or some of the time during

the 30 days prior to the interview

than either non-Hispanic black

adults or Hispanic adults.

Non-Hispanic black adults were

more likely to feel that everything is

an effort all, most, or some of the

time during the 30 days prior to the
Page 8 [ Series 10, No. 252

interview than either non-Hispanic

white adults or Hispanic adults.

+	 Level of education was inversely

associated with feelings of sadness,

hopelessness, worthlessness, or that

everything is an effort: The highest

percentage of adults with these

feelings was for adults with less

than a high school diploma, and

those least likely to have these

feelings were those with a

bachelor’s degree or higher.

+	 Adults in poor families were at least

twice as likely as adults in families

that were not poor to feel sad,

hopeless, or worthless for all, most,

or some of the time during the 30

days prior to the interview.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

26% of those who had Medicaid

health care coverage experienced

feelings of sadness for all, most, or

some of the time during the 30 days

prior to the interview compared with

16% of those who were uninsured

and 8% of those who had private

health insurance. Adults under age

65 years who had Medicaid health

care coverage were nearly twice as

likely to feel hopeless, worthless, or

that everything is an effort for all,

most, or some of the time during the

30 days prior to the interview than

were adults under age 65 years who

had private health insurance.

+	 Among adults aged 65 years and

over, 22% of those who had

Medicaid and Medicare health care

coverage experienced feelings of

sadness for all, most, or some of the

time during the 30 days prior to the

interview compared with 13% of

those who had only Medicare health

care coverage and 11% of those who

had private health insurance.

+	 Divorced or separated adults were

more likely to have feelings of

sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness,

or that everything is an effort

compared with adults who were

married or adults who have never

married.

Feelings of Nervousness or

Restlessness (Tables 15

and 16)

+	 Overall, 18% of adults experienced

feelings of nervousness and 19% of

adults experienced feelings of

restlessness for all, most, or some of

the time during the 30 days prior to

the interview.

+	 Twenty percent of women felt

nervous for all, most, or some of the

time during the 30 days prior to the

interview compared with 15% of

men. Similarly, women were more

likely to feel restless all, most, or

some of the time during the 30 days

prior to the interview than men.

+	 Adults with less than a high school

diploma were at least three times

more likely to have experienced

feelings of nervousness or

restlessness all or most of the time

during the 30 days prior to the

interview than those with a

bachelor’s degree or higher.

+	 Adults in poor families were more

likely than adults in families that

were not poor to feel nervous or

restless for all, most, or some of the

time during the 30 days prior to the

interview.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

28% of those who had Medicaid

health care coverage experienced

feelings of nervousness for all, most,

or some of the time during the 30

days prior to the interview compared

with 21% of those who were

uninsured and 16% of those who

had private health insurance. Adults

under age 65 years who had

Medicaid health care coverage were

more likely to experience feelings of

restlessness for all, most, or some of

the time during the 30 days prior to

the interview than those adults under

age 65 years who were either

uninsured or had private health

insurance.

+	 Among adults aged 65 years and

over, 26% of those who had

Medicaid and Medicare health care

coverage experienced feelings of

nervousness for all, most, or some

of the time during the 30 days prior

to the interview compared with 13%

of those who had only Medicare

health care coverage and 12% of

those who had private health

insurance. Adults aged 65 years and

over who had Medicaid and

Medicare health care coverage were

more likely to experience feelings of

restlessness for all, most, or some of

the time during the 30 days prior to

the interview than were adults aged

65 years and over who had only

Medicare health care coverage or

private health insurance.

+	 Adults who were married were the

least likely to have feelings of

nervousness or restlessness

compared with adults who were

divorced or separated, never

married, or living with a partner.

+	 Adults who did not live in an MSA

were more likely to have feelings of

restlessness compared with adults

who lived in a large MSA.

Work-loss Days and Bed

Days (Table 17)

+	 Employed adults aged 18 years and

over experienced an average of 4

work-loss days per person due to

illness or injury in the past 12

months, for a total of approximately

588 million work-loss days.

+	 Adults aged 18 years and over

experienced an average of 5 bed

days per person due to illness or

injury in the past 12 months, for a

total of 1.1 billion bed days.

+	 Women experienced an average of 6

bed days per person due to illness or

injury in the past 12 months

compared with an average of 4 bed

days per person for men.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, nonHispanic black adults had an

average of 6 bed days per person

due to illness or injury in the past

12 months compared with an

average of 5 bed days per person for

non-Hispanic white adults and an

average of 3 bed days per person for

Hispanic adults.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 9

+	 Adults with less than a high school

diploma had an average of 8 bed

days per person due to illness or

injury in the past 12 months

compared with 3 bed days per

person for adults with at least a

bachelor’s degree.

+	 Adults in poor families averaged 10

bed days per person due to illness or

injury in the past 12 months

compared with 4 bed days per

person among adults in families that

were not poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

those who had Medicaid health care

coverage averaged 14 bed days per

person due to illness or injury in the

past 12 months compared with 3

bed days per person for those who

had private health insurance and 4

bed days per person for those who

were uninsured. Among adults at

least 65 years of age, those with

Medicaid and Medicare health care

coverage had 15 bed days per

person compared with 6 bed days

per person for both those with

private insurance and those with

only Medicare health care coverage.

+	 Adults who were divorced or

separated had 9 bed days per person

due to illness or injury in the past

12 months compared with 4 bed

days per person for those who were

married and 4 bed days per person

for those who were never married.

Employed adults who were divorced

or separated also had higher rates of

work-loss days than employed adults

who were married or never married.

Difficulties in Physical

Functioning (Tables 18

and 19)

+	 Overall, 15% of adults had great

difficulty with at least one of nine

physical activities performed without

help and without the use of special

equipment (responding ‘‘very

difficult to do’’ or ‘‘can’t do at all’’

to walking a quarter of a mile;

climbing 10 steps without resting;

standing for 2 hours; sitting for 2

hours; stooping, bending, or

kneeling; reaching over their head;

using their fingers to grasp or

handle small objects; lifting or

carrying a 10-pound object; or

pushing or pulling large objects).

+	 Only 2% of adults had difficulty

grasping or handling small objects;

9% had difficulty standing for 2

hours; 9% had difficulty stooping,

bending, or kneeling; 7% had

difficulty walking a quarter of a

mile; 6% had difficulty pushing or

pulling large objects; and 5% had

difficulty climbing 10 steps without

resting.

+	 Eighteen percent of women had at

least one physical difficulty

compared with 12% of men.

+	 Age was positively associated with

the presence of at least one physical

difficulty; as age increased, the

percentage of adults finding at least

one of these activities very difficult

or impossible to do also increased.

The percentage of adults with this

level of difficulty in each of the nine

activities increased sharply both at

age 65 years and at age 75 years

and over.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, 19% of black adults had at

least one physical difficulty

compared with 15% of white adults

and 9% of Asian adults.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, a higher

percentage of non-Hispanic black

adults found at least one of the nine

physical activities very difficult or

impossible to do compared with

non-Hispanic white adults and

Hispanic adults.

+	 Level of education was inversely

associated with difficulty in any and

in each of the nine activities: As

level of education increased, the

percentage of adults with difficulty

performing the nine physical

activities decreased.

+	 Adults in poor families were more

than twice as likely to have

difficulty with each of the nine

activities as were adults in families

that were not poor.

+	 For adults under age 65 years, those

with Medicaid health care coverage

were more than three to four times

as likely to have at least one

physical difficulty compared with

adults who had private insurance or

were uninsured. Similarly, for adults

at least age 65 years, 56% of those

with Medicaid and Medicare health

care coverage reported at least one

physical difficulty compared with

35% of those with private insurance

and 39% of those with only

Medicare health care coverage.

+	 When results are considered by

single race, sex, and ethnicity,

non-Hispanic black women were

more likely to find at least one of

the nine physical activities very

difficult or impossible to do

compared with Hispanic men,

non-Hispanic white men and

women, and non-Hispanic black

men.

Health Status (Tables 20

and 21)

+	 Overall, 61% of adults aged 18

years and over were in excellent or

very good health, 27% were in good

health, and 12% were in fair or poor

health.

+	 Health status was inversely

associated with age. As age

increased, the percentage of adults

with excellent or very good health

decreased, and the percentage of

adults with fair or poor health

increased.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, 42% of AIAN adults had

excellent or very good health

compared with 49% of black adults,

63% of white adults, and 64% of

Asian adults.

+	 When considering results by single

race and ethnicity, non-Hispanic

white adults were more likely to

have excellent or very good health

and less likely to have fair or poor

health than either non-Hispanic

black or Hispanic adults.

+	 Level of education was positively

associated with health status—74%

of adults with a bachelor’s degree or

higher were in excellent or very

good health compared with 38% of

adults with less than a high school

diploma. Twenty-eight percent of

adults with less than a high school
Page 10 [ Series 10, No. 252

diploma were in fair or poor health

compared with 6% of adults with a

bachelor’s degree or higher.

+	 Adults in families that were not

poor were more likely to have

excellent or very good health

compared with adults in poor and

near-poor families, and adults in

near-poor and poor families were

three to four times as likely to have

fair or poor health compared with

adults in families that were not poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

73% of those with private health

insurance had excellent or very good

health compared with 55% of adults

without health insurance coverage

and 41% of adults with Medicaid

health care coverage. Only 6% of

adults under age 65 with private

health insurance were in fair or poor

health compared with 13% of those

without health insurance coverage

and 30% of those with Medicaid

health care coverage.

+	 Among adults aged 65 and over,

51% of those who had Medicaid and

Medicare health care coverage had

fair or poor health compared with

24% of those with only Medicare

health care coverage and 19% of

those with private health insurance.

+	 Married adults were less likely to

have fair or poor health compared

with adults who were widowed,

divorced or separated, never

married, or living with a partner.

+	 Adults who did not live in an MSA

were more likely to have fair or

poor health than adults who lived in

a large or small MSA.

+	 Sixty-four percent of non-Hispanic

white women were in excellent or

very good health compared with

47% of non-Hispanic black women

and 50% of Hispanic women.

Conversely, only 11% of nonHispanic white women were in fair

or poor health compared with 18%

of Hispanic women and 21% of

non-Hispanic black women.

Similarly, 65% of non-Hispanic

white men were in excellent or very

good health compared with 56% of

Hispanic men and 51% of

non-Hispanic black men. Only 10%

of non-Hispanic white men were in

fair or poor health compared with

15% of Hispanic men and 19% of

non-Hispanic black men.

Current Health Status

Relative to 1 Year Ago

(Tables 22 and 23)

+	 Among adults with excellent or very

good health in 2010, the health of

78% was about the same as a year

ago, and the health of 19% had

improved. Among adults with good

health in 2010, the health of 71%

was about the same as a year ago,

the health of 19% had improved,

and the health of 9% was worse

than in 2009. Among adults with

fair or poor health in 2010, the

health of 53% was about the same

as a year ago, the health of 16% had

improved, and the health of 31%

was worse than last year.

Current Cigarette Smoking

Status (Tables 24 and 25)

+	 Overall, 19% of adults aged 18

years and over were current

cigarette smokers, 21% were former

smokers, and 60% had never

smoked at least 100 cigarettes in

their lifetime. Twenty-one percent of

men were current smokers compared

with 18% of women. Sixty-five

percent of women had never smoked

compared with 53% of men.

+	 As age increased, the percentage of

current smokers decreased. Adults

aged 18–44 years and 45–64 years

were more likely to be current

smokers than adults aged 65 years

and over.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, 9% of Asian adults were

current smokers compared with 27%

of AIAN adults and 20% each of

black adults and white adults.

+	 Fifty-five percent of non-Hispanic

white adults had never smoked

compared with 66% of non-Hispanic

black adults and 71% of Hispanic

adults.

+	 Hispanic adults were about half as

likely to be every-day smokers

compared with non-Hispanic white

and non-Hispanic black adults.

+	 Adults with at least a bachelor’s

degree were less likely than adults

with less education to be current

smokers and more likely to have

never smoked.

+	 Adults in families that were not

poor were less likely to be current

smokers and more likely to be

former smokers than adults in

families that were near poor or poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

16% with private health insurance

coverage were current smokers

compared with 32% who were

uninsured and 31% who had

Medicaid health care coverage. In

addition, adults under age 65 years

who had private health insurance

coverage were more likely to have

never smoked than adults in this age

group who were uninsured or had

Medicaid health care coverage.

+	 Adults living in the West were more

likely to have never smoked

compared with adults living in other

regions.

+	 Nine percent of Hispanic women

were current smokers compared with

17% of non-Hispanic black women

and 21% of non-Hispanic white

women. Eighty percent of Hispanic

women had never smoked compared

with 72% of non-Hispanic black

women and 60% of non-Hispanic

white women. Among men, 15% of

Hispanic men were current smokers

compared with 23% each of

non-Hispanic white men and

non-Hispanic black men; 62% of

Hispanic men and 58% of

non-Hispanic black men had never

smoked compared with 50% of

non-Hispanic white men.

Alcohol Drinking Status

(Tables 26 and 27)

+	 Overall, 51% of adults aged 18

years and over were current regular

drinkers, 14% were current

infrequent drinkers, 6% were former

regular drinkers, 8% were former

infrequent drinkers, and 21% were

lifetime abstainers.

+	 Fifty-nine percent of men were

current regular drinkers compared

with 43% of women. Men were also
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 11

more likely to be former regular

drinkers than women. Women were

more likely to be current or former

infrequent drinkers or lifetime

abstainers than men.

+	 As age increased, the percentage of

adults who were current regular

drinkers decreased.

+	 Asian adults were more likely to be

lifetime abstainers compared with

other single-race groups (excluding

NHOPI).

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, 57% of

non-Hispanic white adults were

current regular drinkers compared

with 39% each of Hispanic adults

and non-Hispanic black adults.

Hispanic adults and non-Hispanic

black adults were almost twice as

likely as non-Hispanic white adults

to be lifetime abstainers.

+	 Educational attainment and family

income were positively associated

with current regular drinking status

and inversely associated with being

a lifetime abstainer.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

60% of those who had private health

insurance coverage were current

regular drinkers compared with 50%

of those who were uninsured and

31% of those who had Medicaid

health care coverage.

+	 Among adults aged 65 years and

over, 37% of those who had private

health insurance coverage were

current regular drinkers compared

with 31% of those who had only

Medicare health care coverage and

14% of those who had Medicaid and

Medicare health care coverage.

+	 Adults who were living with a

partner were more likely to be

current regular drinkers compared

with adults who were married,

divorced or separated, widowed, or

never married.

+	 Regionally, 47% of adults living in

the South were current regular

drinkers, in contrast to 52% in the

West and 54% each in the Midwest

and Northeast.

+	 Nineteen percent of non-Hispanic

white women were lifetime

abstainers compared with 36% of

non-Hispanic black women and 43%

of Hispanic women. Conversely,

50% of non-Hispanic white women

were current regular drinkers

compared with 32% of non-Hispanic

black women and 27% of Hispanic

women. Among men, 12% of

non-Hispanic white men were

lifetime abstainers compared with

21% of Hispanic men and 23% of

non-Hispanic black men; 64% of

non-Hispanic white men were

current regular drinkers compared

with 51% of Hispanic men and 48%

of non-Hispanic black men.

Leisure-time Physical

Activity Status (Tables 28

and 29)

+	 According to the 2008 federal

physical activity guidelines for

aerobic activity only, 33% of adults

were inactive, 20% of adults were

insufficiently active, and 47% were

sufficiently active based on their

participation in leisure-time physical

activity.

+	 According to the 2008 federal

physical activity guidelines for

aerobic and strengthening activity

combined, 49% of adults met neither

the aerobic nor muscle-strengthening

guideline, 4% met the musclestrengthening guideline only, 26%

met the aerobic guideline only, and

21% met the full guidelines for both

aerobic and muscle-strengthening

activity, based on their participation

in leisure-time physical activity.

+	 Women were more likely than men

to be inactive or insufficiently active

and less likely to be sufficiently

active in terms of aerobic

leisure-time physical activity. Men

were more likely than women to

have met the full guidelines for both

aerobic and muscle-strengthening

activity based on their participation

in leisure-time physical activity.

+	 When leisure-time physical activity

is considered by single race and

ethnicity, non-Hispanic white adults

were more likely to have met the

full guidelines for both aerobic and

muscle-strengthening activity based

on their participation in leisure-time

physical activity than Hispanic

adults or non-Hispanic black adults.

+	 As level of education increased, the

percentage of adults who were

sufficiently active based on their

participation in aerobic leisure-time

physical activity also increased.

+	 Adults living in an MSA were more

likely to have met the full guidelines

for both aerobic and musclestrengthening activity based on their

participation in leisure-time physical

activity than adults who did not live

in an MSA.

Body Mass Index

(Tables 30 and 31)

+	 Based on their body mass index, 2%

of adults aged 18 years and over

were underweight, 36% were at a

healthy weight, 34% were

overweight (but not obese), and 28%

were obese.

+	 Forty-two percent of women were at

a healthy weight compared with

30% of men. Forty-one percent of

men were overweight (but not

obese) compared with 28% of

women. Women were at least twice

as likely to be underweight than

were men. Obesity percentages were

similar for men and women.

+	 When results are considered by

single race without regard to

ethnicity, 55% of Asian adults were

at a healthy weight compared with

37% of white adults, 30% of AIAN

adults, and 28% of black adults.

Black adults and AIAN adults were

more than three times as likely to be

obese as Asian adults. White adults

were more than twice as likely as

Asian adults to be obese.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, 37% of

non-Hispanic black adults were

obese compared with 32% of

Hispanic adults and 26% of

non-Hispanic white adults. Hispanic

adults were more likely to be

overweight (but not obese) than

either non-Hispanic white or

non-Hispanic black adults.

+	 Adults with at least a bachelor’s

degree were more likely to be a

healthy weight than adults with

lower educational attainment.
Page 12 [ Series 10, No. 252

+	 Thirty-five percent of adults under

age 65 years who had Medicaid

health care coverage were obese

compared with 27% of those who

had private health insurance and

28% of those who were uninsured.

+	 Adults who did not live in an MSA

were more likely to be obese than

adults who lived in an MSA.

+	 Obesity percentages were highest in

the Midwest and the South.

+	 Forty-six percent of non-Hispanic

white women were at a healthy

weight compared with 31% of

Hispanic women and 27% of

non-Hispanic black women; 31%

of non-Hispanic white men, 30% of

non-Hispanic black men, and 24%

of Hispanic men were at a healthy

weight. Forty-one percent of

non-Hispanic black women were

obese compared with 33% of

Hispanic women and 25% of

non-Hispanic white women; 31% of

Hispanic men, 32% of non-Hispanic

black men, and 28% of nonHispanic white men were obese.

Usual Place of Health Care

(Tables 32 and 33)

+	 Overall, 17% of adults aged 18

years and over were without a usual

place of health care. Of those with a

usual place of care, 76% considered

a doctor’s office or HMO to be their

usual place of health care, 20%

considered a clinic or health center

to be their usual place of health

care, and 3% considered a hospital

emergency room or outpatient

department to be their usual place of

health care.

+	 Twenty-two percent of men were

without a usual place of health care

compared with 13% of women. Of

those with a usual place of care,

men were more likely to consider a

hospital emergency room or

outpatient department to be their

usual place of health care than

women.

+	 Among adults, not having a usual

place of health care was inversely

related to age: As age increased, the

percentage of adults without a usual

place of health care decreased.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, 27% of

Hispanic adults did not have a usual

place of health care compared with

17% of non-Hispanic black adults

and 15% of non-Hispanic white

adults. Of those adults with a usual

place of health care, 80% of

non-Hispanic white adults

considered a doctor’s office or an

HMO to be their usual place of

health care compared with 69% of

non-Hispanic black adults and 61%

of Hispanic adults. Two percent of

non-Hispanic white adults who had

a usual place of health care

considered a hospital emergency

room or outpatient department their

usual place of health care, compared

with 4% of Hispanic adults and 7%

of non-Hispanic black adults.

+	 Adults with higher educational

attainment and higher family income

were more likely to have a usual

place of health care and to consider

a doctor’s office or HMO as their

usual place of health care than those

with lower educational attainment

and family income.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

51% of those who were uninsured

did not have a usual place of health

care compared with 11% of those

adults with private health care

coverage and 10% of those adults

with Medicaid health care coverage.

+	 Among adults aged 65 years and

over with a usual place of health

care, 22% of those who had

Medicaid and Medicare health care

coverage considered a clinic or

health center their usual place of

health care compared with 12% of

those who had private health

insurance and 14% of those who

had only Medicare health care

coverage.

+	 Of those adults with a usual place of

health care, adults who did not live

in an MSA were more likely to

consider a health center or clinic

their usual place of health care than

adults living in an MSA.

+	 Nineteen percent of adults living in

the West and 20% of adults living in

the South were without a usual

place of health care compared with

14% in the Midwest and 13% in the

Northeast.

+	 Thirty-two percent of Hispanic men

did not have a usual place of health

care compared with 22% of

non-Hispanic black men and 19% of

non-Hispanic white men.

Twenty-two percent of Hispanic

women were without a usual place

of health care compared with 13%

of non-Hispanic black women and

11% of non-Hispanic white women.

Number of Office Visits to

Doctor or Other Health

Professional in Past 12

Months (Tables 34 and 35)

+	 Overall, 20% of adults aged 18

years and over had not made an

office visit to a doctor or other

health professional in the past 12

months, 16% had 1 office visit, 26%

had 2–3 visits, 25% had 4–9 visits,

and 14% had 10 or more visits.

+	 Twenty-seven percent of men and

14% of women had no office visits

to a doctor or other health

professional in the past 12 months.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, 30% of

Hispanic adults had no visits to a

doctor or other health professional

in the past 12 months compared

with 22% of non-Hispanic black

adults and 17% of non-Hispanic

white adults.

+	 Office visits to a doctor or other

health professional in the past 12

months were inversely related to

level of education—31% of adults

with less than a high school diploma

had no office visits compared with

13% of adults with at least a

bachelor’s degree.

+	 Adults in families that were not

poor were more likely to have had

2–3 office visits to a doctor or other

health professional in the past 12

months compared with other adults.

Adults in families that were poor

were more likely to have made 10

or more office visits to a doctor or

other health professional in the past
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 13

12 months than adults who were not

poor.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

49% who were uninsured had no

visits to a doctor or other health

professional in the past 12 months

compared with 16% with private

health care coverage and 16% with

Medicaid health care coverage.

Adults in this age group who were

covered by Medicaid or other forms

of insurance were more likely to

have 10 or more office visits in the

past 12 months than those with

private insurance or who were

uninsured.

+	 Eight percent of adults aged 65

years and over with only Medicare

health care coverage had no visits to

a doctor or other health professional

in the past 12 months compared

with 5% of those with private health

insurance coverage. Adults in this

age group who were covered by

Medicaid and Medicare were more

likely to have 10 or more office

visits in the past 12 months than

those with private insurance or only

Medicare health care coverage.

+	 Twenty-three percent of adults who

lived in the West had no visits to a

doctor or other health professional

in the past 12 months compared

with 21% of adults in the South,

18% of adults in the Midwest, and

17% of adults in the Northeast.

+	 Thirty-eight percent of Hispanic

men did not visit a doctor or other

health professional in the past 12

months compared with 31% of

non-Hispanic black men and 23% of

non-Hispanic white men.

Twenty-one percent of Hispanic

women did not visit a doctor or

other health professional in the past

12 months compared with 15% of

non-Hispanic black women and 12%

of non-Hispanic white women.

Length of Time Since Last

Contact With Doctor or

Other Health Professional

(Tables 36 and 37)

+	 Overall, 66% of adults aged 18

years and over last contacted a

doctor or other health professional

within the previous 6 months; 15%

last contacted a doctor or other

health professional more than 6

months ago, but not more than 1

year ago; 8% last contacted a doctor

or other health professional more

than 1 year ago, but not more than 2

years ago; 6% last contacted a

doctor or other health professional

more than 2 years ago, but not more

than 5 years ago; and 3% last

contacted a doctor or other health

professional more than 5 years ago.

One percent of adults had never

contacted a doctor or other health

professional.

+	 Seventy-three percent of women and

59% of men last contacted a doctor

or other health professional within

the previous 6 months. Men were

more likely to have last contacted a

doctor a year or more ago, as well

as to have never contacted a doctor,

than women.

+	 Older adults (aged 65 years and

over) were more likely to have had

more recent contact (within the past

6 months) with a doctor or other

health professional than younger

adults (under age 65 years).

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, Hispanic

adults were less likely to have had

more recent contact (within the past

6 months) with a doctor or other

health professional than either

non-Hispanic white adults or

non-Hispanic black adults. Hispanic

adults were more than 3 times as

likely to have never had contact

with a doctor or other health

professional as non-Hispanic black

adults, and 4 1/2 times as likely to

have never had contact with a

doctor or other health professional

as non-Hispanic white adults.

+	 Adults with an educational

attainment of a high school diploma

or less were less likely to have last

seen a doctor within the last 6

months and more likely to have

never seen a doctor than adults with

more education.

+	 Adults in families that were not

poor were more likely to have had

more recent contact (within the past

6 months) with a doctor or other

health professional than adults in

poor or near-poor families.

+	 Adults under age 65 years who were

uninsured were much less likely to

have last contacted a doctor or other

health professional within the

previous 6 months than insured

adults.

+	 Hispanic men were less likely to

have seen a doctor or other health

professional within the previous 6

months compared with non-Hispanic

black and non-Hispanic white men;

4% of Hispanic men had never seen

or talked to a doctor or other health

professional compared with 1% each

of non-Hispanic black and

non-Hispanic white men. Among

women, Hispanic women were less

likely to have had contact with a

doctor in the last 6 months

compared with non-Hispanic black

and non-Hispanic white women.

Length of Time Since Last

Contact With Dentist or

Other Dental Health

Professional (Tables 38

and 39)

+	 Overall, 43% of adults aged 18

years and over last contacted a

dentist or other dental health

professional within the previous 6

months; 17%, more than 6 months

ago, but not more than 1 year ago;

and 13% each for the categories

more than 1 year ago, but not more

than 2 years ago; more than 2 years

ago, but not more than 5 years ago;

and more than 5 years ago. One

percent of adults had never

contacted a dentist or other dental

health professional.

+	 Forty-six percent of women last

contacted a dentist or other dental

health professional within the

previous 6 months compared with

40% of men.

+	 When results are considered by

single race and ethnicity, nonHispanic white adults were more

likely to have contacted a dentist or

other dental health professional

within the previous 6 months (48%)

than either non-Hispanic black
Page 14 [ Series 10, No. 252

adults (31%) or Hispanic adults

(30%). Three percent of Hispanic

adults had never contacted a dentist

compared with 1% of non-Hispanic

black adults and less than 1% of

non-Hispanic white adults.

+	 Adults with higher educational

attainment and higher family income

were considerably more likely to

have contacted a dentist or other

dental health professional in the last

6 months than those with lower

educational attainment and lower

family income.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

53% of adults with private health

care coverage had contact with a

dentist or other dental health

professional within the past 6

months compared with 31% of

adults with Medicaid health care

coverage and 18% of adults who

were uninsured.

+	 Among adults aged 65 years and

over, 51% of adults with private

health care coverage had contact

with a dentist or other dental

professional within the past 6

months compared with 39% of

adults who had only Medicare

health care coverage and 18% of

adults who had Medicaid and

Medicare health care coverage.

+	 Married adults were more likely to

have had more recent dental contact

(6 months or less) compared with

other marital status categories.

+	 Adults who did not live in an MSA

were less likely to have had contact

with a dentist or other dental health

professional within the past 6

months than adults who lived in an

MSA.

HIV Testing Status

(Tables 40 and 41)

+	 Overall, 40% of adults aged 18

years and over had ever been tested

for HIV.

+	 Women were more likely to have

ever been tested for HIV than men.

+	 HIV testing status was inversely

related to age—51% of adults aged

18–44 years had ever been tested for

HIV compared with 37% of those

aged 45–64 years, 17% of those

aged 65–74 years, and 8% of those

aged 75 years and over.

+	 When considering results by single

race without regard to ethnicity,

58% of black adults had ever been

tested for HIV compared with 41%

of AIAN adults, 38% of white

adults, and 34% of Asian adults.

+	 When considering results by single

race and ethnicity, 58% of

non-Hispanic black adults had ever

been tested for HIV compared with

41% of Hispanic adults and 37% of

non-Hispanic white adults.

+	 A higher percentage of adults who

had some college and those with at

least a bachelor’s degree had ever

been tested for HIV compared with

adults having less education.

+	 Among adults under age 65 years,

57% of those who had Medicaid

health care coverage had ever been

tested for HIV compared with 45%

who were uninsured and 44% of

those who had private health

insurance.

+	 Fifty-two percent of those who were

divorced or separated and 54% of

those who were living with a partner

had ever been tested for HIV

compared with 40% of married

adults and 36% of never-married

adults.

+	 Adults who did not live in an MSA

or resided in a small MSA were less

likely to have ever been tested for

HIV than adults who lived in a large

MSA.

+	 Adults who lived in the Midwest

were less likely to have ever been

tested for HIV than adults who lived

in other regions.

+	 Sixty-one percent of non-Hispanic

black women had ever been tested

for HIV compared with 48% of

Hispanic women and 42% of

non-Hispanic white women.

Fifty-five percent of non-Hispanic

black men had ever been tested for

HIV compared with 35% of

Hispanic men and 33% of

non-Hispanic white men.

References 

1.	 Adams PF, Martinez ME, Vickerie JL,

Kirzinger WK. Summary health

statistics for the U.S. population:

National Health Interview Survey,

2010. National Center for Health

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2011. Available from: http://

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sr10_251.pdf.

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Summary health statistics for U.S.

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Survey, 2010. National Center for

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10(250). 2011. Available from:

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sr_10/sr10_250.pdf.

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Summary health statistics for U.S.

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Summary health statistics for U.S.

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Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat

10(248). 2010. Available from:

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6.	 Adams PF, Hendershot GE, Marano

MA. Current estimates from the

National Health Interview Survey,

1996. National Center for Health

Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(200).

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7.	 Kovar MG, Poe GS. The National

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series/sr_01/sr01_018acc.pdf.
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Current estimates from the National

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on health estimates in the National

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nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_150.pdf.

Proceedings of the Survey Research

Methods Section, American Statistical

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Tadros W. Design and estimation for

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Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(110).

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Day JC. Population projections of the

www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_02/

sr02_110.pdf.

United States by age, sex, race, and

Hispanic origin: 1995 to 2050. U.S.

10. Moss AJ, Parsons VL. Current

estimates from the National Health

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National Center for Health Statistics.

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prod/1/pop/p25-1130/.

Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs/data/series/sr_10/sr10_160acc.pdf.

18. Klein RJ, Schoenborn CA. Age

adjustment using the 2000 projected

11. Botman SL, Moore TF, Moriarity CL,

Parsons VL. Design and estimation for

U.S. population. Healthy People 2010

statistical notes, no. 20. Hyattsville,

the National Health Interview Survey,

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MD: National Center for Health

Statistics. 2001. Available from:

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Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(130).

2000. Available from: http://

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sr02_130.pdf.

U.S. Office of Management and

Budget. Revisions to the standards for

the classification of federal data on race

19.

20.

http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/statnt/

statnt20.pdf.

SUDAAN, release 10.0 [computer

software]. Research Triangle Park, NC:

RTI International. 2008.

Simpson G, Bloom B, Cohen RA,

Parsons PE. Access to health care. Part

and ethnicity. Fed Regist 62(210):

58782–90. 1997. Available from:

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fedreg_1997standards.

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sr10_196.pdf.

Bloom B, Simpson G, Cohen RA,

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Parsons PE. Access to health care. Part

2: Working-age adults. National Center

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ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health_Statistics/

for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat

10(197). 1997. Available from:

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NCHS/Survey_Questionnaires/NHIS/

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sr_10/sr10_197.pdf.

Cohen RA, Bloom B, Simpson G,

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Data file documentation, National 3: Older adults. National Center for

Health Interview Survey, 2010

(machine-readable data file and

Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat

10(198). 1997. Available from:

documentation). Hyattsville, MD:

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sr_10/sr10_198.pdf.

2011. Available from: http://

www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.

15. DeNavas-Walt C, Proctor BD, Smith

JC. Income, poverty, and health

insurance coverage in the United

States: 2009. U.S. Census Bureau,

Current Populations Reports, P60–238.

Washington, DC: U.S. Government

Printing Office. 2010. Available from:

http://www.census.gov/prod/2010pubs/

p60-238.pdf.
Page 16 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 1. Frequencies of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected circulatory diseases1

All persons

aged Heart disease2

18 years

Selected characteristic and over All types Coronary3 Hypertension4 Stroke

Number in thousands5

Total6 ................................... 229,505 27,066 15,262 59,259 6,226

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 13,705 8,872 28,018 3,002

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 13,361 6,391 31,241 3,223

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 4,897 1,494 10,303 664

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 10,568 5,803 27,531 2,403

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 5,173 3,508 11,485 1,302

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 6,428 4,457 9,940 1,856

Race

One race7 ................................ 226,314 26,664 15,008 58,575 6,130

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 22,903 12,829 46,999 4,912

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 2,798 1,577 8,973 951

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 224 104 482 *72

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 696 458 2,040 180

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 † † *81 †

Two or more races8 .......................... 3,191 402 254 684 *96

Black or African American, white ................. 625 † † *58 –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 253 181 399 *72

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 2,020 1,235 5,681 590

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 1,178 708 3,395 321

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 25,046 14,027 53,578 5,636

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 21,066 11,719 41,857 4,383

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 2,737 1,524 8,742 938

Education10

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 5,066 3,350 10,310 1,542

High school diploma or GED11 ................... 53,058 7,592 4,740 17,808 2,001

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 7,181 3,939 16,686 1,622

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 6,074 2,910 13,305 945

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 11,300 7,110 21,996 3,278

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 14,082 7,086 33,583 2,544

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 3,921 2,299 8,280 849

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 4,034 2,049 9,860 946

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 2,304 1,144 6,144 448

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 3,823 1,593 9,299 301

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 3,696 2,208 6,920 1,126

Near poor ................................ 36,390 4,875 3,084 10,026 1,549

Not poor ................................. 145,271 15,525 8,063 36,235 2,792

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 17

Table 1. Frequencies of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected circulatory diseases1

All persons

aged Heart disease2

18 years

Selected characteristic and over All types Coronary3 Hypertension4 Stroke

Health insurance coverage14 Number in thousands5

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 8,944 3,755 24,064 1,308

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 2,488 1,377 4,608 789

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 1,317 820 3,217 475

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 2,696 1,346 5,858 495

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 6,571 4,387 11,322 1,455

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 971 748 1,690 333

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 3,259 2,216 6,880 1,090

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 722 556 1,359 260

Uninsured ............................... 379 † † 156 †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 15,198 8,617 33,960 3,115

Widowed ................................. 13,676 3,834 2,632 7,786 1,207

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 3,969 2,308 8,781 1,004

Never married.............................. 49,249 2,812 1,091 5,754 570

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 1,237 608 2,925 329

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 12,503 7,029 28,794 2,764

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 9,146 4,997 18,790 1,873

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 5,417 3,236 11,675 1,589

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 4,757 2,734 10,694 946

Midwest ................................. 53,316 6,686 3,680 13,807 1,578

South ................................... 81,721 10,321 6,018 23,155 2,424

West ................................... 53,891 5,302 2,831 11,603 1,278

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 964 656 2,685 251

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 1,055 579 2,996 339

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 10,993 7,049 20,651 2,210

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 10,073 4,670 21,206 2,173

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 1,151 722 3,369 401

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 1,586 802 5,373 537

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had: hypertension (or high blood pressure), coronary heart disease, angina 

(or angina pectoris), heart attack (or myocardial infarction), any other heart condition or disease not already mentioned, or a stroke. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or any other heart condition or disease. 

3

Includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, or heart attack. 

4

Persons had to have been told on two or more different visits that they had hypertension or high blood pressure to be classified as hypertensive. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 18 [ Series 10, No. 252

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 19

Table 2. Age-adjusted percentages of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected circulatory diseases1

Heart disease2

Selected characteristic All types Coronary3 Hypertension4 Stroke

Percent5 (standard error)

Total6 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total6 (crude) ..............................

11.5 (0.21)

11.8 (0.23)

6.4 (0.17)

6.7 (0.19)

24.7 (0.29)

25.9 (0.35)

2.6 (0.11)

2.7 (0.11)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12.7 (0.32)

10.6 (0.28)

8.2 (0.28)

5.0 (0.20)

24.8 (0.42)

24.5 (0.39)

2.8 (0.17)

2.5 (0.14)

Age7

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

4.4 (0.23)

13.2 (0.43)

24.3 (0.94)

37.1 (1.11)

1.4 (0.13)

7.3 (0.32)

16.5 (0.85)

25.8 (1.00)

9.3 (0.31)

34.4 (0.60)

54.2 (1.11)

57.3 (1.20)

0.6 (0.08)

3.0 (0.19)

6.1 (0.55)

10.7 (0.76)

Race

One race8 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races9 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

11.4 (0.21)

11.7 (0.24)

10.9 (0.51)

12.5 (2.61)

7.2 (0.76)

20.2 (5.79)

16.6 (2.23)

11.7 (2.65)

19.0 (3.82)

6.4 (0.17)

6.4 (0.18)

6.3 (0.42)

5.9 (1.74)

4.9 (0.65)

19.7 (5.82)

11.7 (1.91)

†

14.5 (3.50)

24.7 (0.29)

23.6 (0.32)

33.8 (0.73)

30.0 (3.63)

20.5 (1.04)

40.8 (4.41)

25.6 (2.54)

25.5 (5.06)

29.5 (4.22)

2.6 (0.11)

2.5 (0.12)

3.9 (0.32)

*5.9 (1.81)

2.0 (0.50)

10.6 (2.48)

*3.4 (1.05)

–

*4.6 (1.84)

Hispanic or Latino origin10 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

8.1 (0.48)

8.3 (0.68)

11.9 (0.23)

12.2 (0.27)

11.0 (0.53)

5.2 (0.40)

5.2 (0.57)

6.5 (0.18)

6.6 (0.20)

6.3 (0.43)

22.5 (0.72)

23.0 (1.00)

25.1 (0.32)

23.9 (0.36)

34.1 (0.75)

2.6 (0.29)

2.6 (0.39)

2.6 (0.11)

2.5 (0.13)

3.9 (0.33)

Education11

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED12 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

15.1 (0.67)

12.9 (0.47)

13.2 (0.47)

11.1 (0.44)

9.8 (0.52)

7.9 (0.36)

7.4 (0.38)

5.6 (0.34)

31.7 (0.84)

30.3 (0.61)

29.6 (0.63)

22.7 (0.55)

4.3 (0.35)

3.4 (0.26)

3.0 (0.23)

1.8 (0.19)

Family income13

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000-$49,999...........................

$50,000-$74,999...........................

$75,000-$99,999...........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

14.1 (0.38)

10.6 (0.29)

11.7 (0.59)

11.0 (0.54)

10.4 (0.76)

10.1 (0.65)

8.7 (0.30)

5.5 (0.23)

6.7 (0.46)

5.7 (0.41)

5.7 (0.63)

5.0 (0.52)

27.8 (0.48)

23.7 (0.40)

24.4 (0.73)

25.5 (0.73)

24.5 (0.94)

21.3 (0.75)

4.1 (0.22)

2.0 (0.14)

2.5 (0.28)

2.6 (0.32)

2.3 (0.39)

0.9 (0.20)

Poverty status14

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

15.1 (0.65)

13.4 (0.56)

10.7 (0.26)

9.4 (0.58)

8.4 (0.45)

5.6 (0.20)

28.7 (0.75)

27.5 (0.75)

23.6 (0.37)

4.8 (0.40)

4.2 (0.36)

2.0 (0.13)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 20 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 2. Age-adjusted percentages of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected circulatory diseases1

Heart disease2

Selected characteristic All types Coronary3 Hypertension4 Stroke

Health insurance coverage15 Percent5 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 (0.25) 2.6 (0.16) 17.2 (0.37) 0.9 (0.09)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.8 (0.87) 8.4 (0.67) 27.5 (0.99) 4.8 (0.53)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 (1.08) 6.5 (0.78) 30.8 (1.86) 4.6 (0.82)

Uninsured ............................... 7.1 (0.46) 3.6 (0.32) 15.7 (0.64) 1.4 (0.19)

65 years and over:

Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 (1.09) 21.6 (0.97) 55.3 (1.18) 7.2 (0.61)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 37.5 (2.62) 28.8 (2.54) 64.7 (2.63) 12.8 (1.78)

Medicare only ............................ 26.2 (1.14) 17.9 (1.00) 54.7 (1.42) 8.8 (0.78)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.5 (2.72) 23.5 (2.69) 57.0 (3.29) 10.9 (1.76)

Uninsured ............................... *20.6 (10.20) † 39.3 (8.90) †

Marital status 

Married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 (0.30) 6.4 (0.24) 24.6 (0.43) 2.3 (0.14) 

Widowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 (1.66) 8.5 (0.98) 36.3 (3.36) 5.3 (1.34) 

Divorced or separated......................... 14.1 (0.66) 8.0 (0.54) 28.9 (0.76) 3.6 (0.36) 

Never married.............................. 9.5 (0.66) 5.0 (0.54) 23.7 (0.81) 2.8 (0.42) 

Living with a partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.0 (1.46) 8.4 (1.32) 27.8 (1.29) 4.0 (1.01) 

Place of residence16

Large MSA ............................... 10.4 (0.29) 5.9 (0.23) 23.5 (0.39) 2.3 (0.15) 

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 (0.40) 6.6 (0.31) 24.9 (0.58) 2.5 (0.18) 

Not in MSA ............................... 13.3 (0.54) 7.7 (0.42) 28.5 (0.75) 3.7 (0.30) 

Region 

Northeast ................................ 10.7 (0.48) 6.1 (0.40) 24.0 (0.73) 2.0 (0.19) 

Midwest ................................. 12.2 (0.44) 6.6 (0.36) 24.7 (0.61) 2.9 (0.24) 

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 (0.35) 7.2 (0.28) 27.1 (0.50) 2.9 (0.19) 

West ................................... 10.1 (0.44) 5.4 (0.32) 21.7 (0.56) 2.5 (0.21) 

Hispanic or Latino origin10, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 7.9 (0.70) 6.0 (0.64) 21.3 (1.03) 2.4 (0.46)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 8.2 (0.62) 4.7 (0.48) 23.4 (0.91) 2.8 (0.42)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 13.6 (0.41) 8.6 (0.33) 24.9 (0.52) 2.7 (0.20)

White, single race, female ..................... 11.1 (0.36) 4.9 (0.25) 22.8 (0.48) 2.3 (0.17)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 10.9 (0.88) 6.9 (0.72) 30.7 (1.23) 4.0 (0.54)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 11.2 (0.65) 5.8 (0.51) 36.9 (1.01) 3.9 (0.42)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had: hypertension (or high blood pressure), coronary heart disease, 

angina (or angina pectoris), heart attack (or myocardial infarction), any other heart condition or disease not already mentioned, or a stroke. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or any other heart condition or disease. 

3

Includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, or heart attack. 

4

Persons had to have been told on two or more different visits that they had hypertension or high blood pressure to be classified as hypertensive. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

8

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

9

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

10Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

11Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 

65–74 years, and 75 years and over. 

12GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

13The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 21

14Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

15Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

16MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table IV in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
2010

Page 22 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 3. Frequencies of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States,

Selected respiratory conditions1

All persons

aged Asthma

18 years Hay Chronic

Selected characteristic and over Emphysema Ever had Still has fever Sinusitis bronchitis

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 4,314 29,057 18,734 17,937 29,821 9,883

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 2,248 11,869 6,418 7,513 11,021 3,399

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 2,066 17,188 12,316 10,424 18,800 6,484

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 361 15,020 8,902 6,656 11,584 3,265

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 1,703 9,723 6,704 8,638 13,025 4,247

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 1,153 2,492 1,849 1,684 3,240 1,279

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 1,097 1,822 1,279 958 1,973 1,092

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 4,214 28,406 18,235 17,600 29,309 9,656

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 3,822 22,837 14,528 14,969 24,261 8,324

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 281 4,285 2,950 1,802 3,929 1,115

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 † 234 202 87 238 *73

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 *88 1,014 546 724 862 137

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 – *36 † † † †

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 *100 651 499 336 511 227

Black or African American, white ................. 625 † 150 *112 *42 *63 *32

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 *61 299 239 163 316 *125

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 231 3,289 2,224 1,440 2,783 878

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 112 1,686 1,173 804 1,545 509

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 4,083 25,768 16,510 16,497 27,038 9,005

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 3,600 19,926 12,552 13,659 21,752 7,525

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 279 4,118 2,841 1,744 3,833 1,074

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 1,239 3,264 2,307 1,441 3,272 1,756

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 1,308 5,451 3,877 3,491 6,950 2,720

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 1,099 7,927 5,449 5,112 8,802 2,723

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 582 7,410 4,267 6,627 8,735 1,802

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 2,321 10,397 7,267 4,519 9,108 4,544

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 1,700 17,479 10,709 12,426 19,107 4,770

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 652 3,999 2,572 2,421 4,268 1,226

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 499 4,656 2,929 2,817 5,237 1,346

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 261 2,944 1,820 2,350 3,152 924

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 289 5,880 3,389 4,838 6,451 1,274

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 653 4,398 3,102 1,532 3,159 1,795

Near poor ................................ 36,390 1,194 4,900 3,262 2,420 4,502 1,951

Not poor ................................. 145,271 2,025 17,673 10,944 12,703 19,845 5,281

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 23

Table 3. Frequencies of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States,

2010—Con.

Selected respiratory conditions1

All persons

aged Asthma

18 years Hay Chronic

Selected characteristic and over Emphysema Ever had Still has fever Sinusitis bronchitis

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 819 15,657 9,396 11,225 17,387 4,061

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 466 3,229 2,450 1,141 2,181 1,380

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 426 1,318 1,014 973 1,467 777

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 353 4,446 2,667 1,897 3,435 1,274

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 1,141 2,204 1,563 1,492 2,973 1,116

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 245 558 447 163 479 314

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 641 1,235 907 804 1,396 678

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 171 300 193 183 325 201

Uninsured ............................... 379 † † † – † †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 2,156 13,676 8,600 11,010 16,873 4,684

Widowed ................................. 13,676 747 1,751 1,266 864 2,010 1,146

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 812 3,908 2,857 2,190 4,231 1,576

Never married.............................. 49,249 303 7,446 4,577 3,095 5,049 1,791

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 296 2,236 1,422 771 1,600 675

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 1,594 15,236 9,540 9,583 14,667 4,520

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 1,564 9,314 6,068 5,867 9,624 3,363

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 1,157 4,507 3,125 2,487 5,530 2,000

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 759 5,110 3,487 3,390 4,892 1,632

Midwest ................................. 53,316 1,298 6,542 4,363 3,791 6,994 2,602

South ................................... 81,721 1,607 9,965 6,342 5,932 13,083 3,972

West ................................... 53,891 650 7,441 4,541 4,824 4,851 1,678

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 124 1,331 810 599 1,048 312

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 108 1,958 1,414 841 1,735 566

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 1,848 8,286 4,317 5,886 7,994 2,644

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 1,753 11,639 8,236 7,773 13,757 4,881

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 170 1,547 901 635 1,422 313

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 109 2,571 1,941 1,110 2,411 760

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

Respondents were asked in two separate questions if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had emphysema or asthma. Respondents who had been told they had 

asthma were asked if they still had asthma. Respondents were asked in three separate questions if they had been told by a doctor or other health professional in the past 12 months that they had hay 

fever, sinusitis, or bronchitis. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 24 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 25

Table 4. Age-adjusted percentages of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected respiratory diseases1

Asthma

Chronic

Selected characteristic Emphysema Ever had Still has Hay fever Sinusitis bronchitis

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total3 (crude) ..............................

1.8 (0.09)

1.9 (0.10)

12.7 (0.27)

12.7 (0.26)

8.2 (0.21)

8.2 (0.21)

7.6 (0.21)

7.8 (0.21)

12.7 (0.27)

13.0 (0.27)

4.2 (0.15)

4.3 (0.15)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.1 (0.15)

1.6 (0.12)

10.8 (0.35)

14.5 (0.38)

5.8 (0.27)

10.3 (0.32)

6.6 (0.29)

8.5 (0.29)

9.8 (0.35)

15.5 (0.38)

3.0 (0.20)

5.3 (0.23)

Age4

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

0.3 (0.06)

2.1 (0.17)

5.4 (0.50)

6.3 (0.61)

13.6 (0.38)

12.1 (0.43)

11.7 (0.72)

10.5 (0.74)

8.1 (0.30)

8.4 (0.36)

8.7 (0.62)

7.4 (0.65)

6.0 (0.27)

10.8 (0.41)

7.9 (0.63)

5.5 (0.55)

10.5 (0.35)

16.3 (0.49)

15.2 (0.75)

11.4 (0.71)

3.0 (0.19)

5.3 (0.27)

6.0 (0.49)

6.3 (0.64)

Race

One race5 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races6 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white .............

1.8 (0.09)

1.9 (0.11)

1.2 (0.18)

†

1.0 (0.30)

–

4.2 (1.21)

†

*3.8 (1.43)

12.6 (0.27)

12.4 (0.30)

15.3 (0.72)

12.3 (2.39)

9.0 (0.83)

*10.6 (4.22)

19.5 (2.13)

17.5 (4.48)

21.1 (3.80)

8.0 (0.21)

7.8 (0.24)

10.5 (0.62)

10.5 (2.30)

5.0 (0.62)

†

15.1 (2.06)

14.0 (3.99)

17.3 (3.63)

7.5 (0.21)

7.8 (0.24)

6.3 (0.42)

4.5 (1.21)

6.4 (0.70)

†

10.5 (1.80)

*10.0 (4.32)

10.7 (2.94)

12.6 (0.27)

12.8 (0.31)

14.1 (0.66)

14.3 (2.83)

7.8 (0.91)

†

17.6 (2.37)

18.2 (5.10)

24.4 (4.17)

4.2 (0.15)

4.3 (0.18)

4.0 (0.31)

*3.2 (1.11)

1.3 (0.28)

†

7.8 (1.64)

*9.8 (4.70)

8.2 (2.29)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

1.0 (0.20)

0.8 (0.23)

1.9 (0.10)

2.0 (0.12)

1.2 (0.18)

10.1 (0.56)

8.8 (0.72)

13.2 (0.30)

12.9 (0.35)

15.3 (0.74)

6.9 (0.49)

6.2 (0.62)

8.4 (0.24)

8.0 (0.27)

10.6 (0.63)

4.8 (0.37)

4.7 (0.48)

8.0 (0.24)

8.4 (0.28)

6.3 (0.43)

9.1 (0.51)

8.4 (0.64)

13.3 (0.30)

13.5 (0.36)

14.3 (0.68)

3.0 (0.32)

2.9 (0.38)

4.4 (0.17)

4.6 (0.21)

4.0 (0.32)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED9 ....................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

3.6 (0.32)

2.2 (0.21)

2.0 (0.21)

1.2 (0.18)

11.1 (0.66)

10.3 (0.47)

13.9 (0.53)

12.1 (0.49)

7.7 (0.55)

7.2 (0.40)

9.6 (0.46)

7.0 (0.37)

5.0 (0.43)

6.3 (0.37)

8.7 (0.41)

10.6 (0.46)

11.1 (0.63)

12.8 (0.54)

15.1 (0.50)

14.0 (0.52)

5.9 (0.47)

4.9 (0.32)

4.8 (0.31)

3.1 (0.26)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

2.9 (0.19)

1.4 (0.12)

1.9 (0.24)

1.4 (0.22)

1.5 (0.45)

0.9 (0.21)

14.1 (0.43)

12.4 (0.35)

12.7 (0.68)

12.1 (0.64)

10.9 (0.77)

13.2 (0.68)

9.9 (0.37)

7.6 (0.28)

8.1 (0.54)

7.6 (0.53)

6.8 (0.61)

7.7 (0.54)

6.1 (0.30)

8.4 (0.28)

7.5 (0.53)

7.0 (0.46)

8.7 (0.68)

10.5 (0.61)

12.2 (0.41)

13.1 (0.35)

13.2 (0.69)

13.2 (0.65)

11.6 (0.72)

13.9 (0.69)

6.1 (0.28)

3.4 (0.20)

3.7 (0.39)

3.6 (0.35)

3.6 (0.55)

3.0 (0.40)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

2.8 (0.34)

3.3 (0.31)

1.4 (0.11)

15.4 (0.65)

13.5 (0.64)

12.3 (0.35)

11.2 (0.57)

9.0 (0.52)

7.6 (0.27)

5.6 (0.44)

6.8 (0.51)

8.3 (0.27)

11.6 (0.61)

12.5 (0.64)

13.2 (0.34)

6.7 (0.48)

5.5 (0.41)

3.6 (0.19)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 26 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 4. Age-adjusted percentages of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected respiratory diseases1

Asthma

Chronic

Selected characteristic Emphysema Ever had Still has Hay fever Sinusitis bronchitis

Health insurance coverage12 Percent2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 0.6 (0.07) 13.0 (0.38) 7.7 (0.30) 8.7 (0.32) 13.6 (0.38) 3.1 (0.20)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 (0.38) 18.1 (0.95) 13.9 (0.85) 6.6 (0.68) 12.5 (0.81) 8.1 (0.63)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 (0.84) 15.5 (1.37) 11.3 (1.23) 10.7 (1.28) 14.3 (1.44) 8.4 (1.34)

Uninsured ............................... 1.0 (0.19) 10.8 (0.56) 6.6 (0.45) 5.0 (0.38) 8.6 (0.49) 3.3 (0.33)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 5.6 (0.53) 10.7 (0.70) 7.6 (0.59) 7.2 (0.62) 14.4 (0.78) 5.4 (0.52)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 9.0 (1.56) 21.0 (2.01) 16.7 (1.89) 6.1 (1.27) 18.0 (2.06) 11.7 (1.76)

Medicare only ............................ 5.0 (0.65) 9.8 (0.89) 7.2 (0.80) 6.4 (0.69) 10.9 (0.79) 5.4 (0.66)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 (1.62) 12.5 (2.07) 7.9 (1.53) 7.6 (1.74) 13.5 (2.07) 8.4 (1.77)

Uninsured ............................... † † † – *7.9 (3.59) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 1.6 (0.13) 11.0 (0.35) 6.8 (0.27) 8.4 (0.30) 12.9 (0.39) 3.6 (0.20)

Widowed ................................. 2.4 (0.32) 14.9 (2.69) 11.0 (2.35) 7.5 (1.58) 13.0 (1.94) 5.6 (0.66)

Divorced or separated......................... 2.6 (0.29) 14.9 (0.70) 10.7 (0.59) 7.1 (0.45) 15.2 (0.74) 5.2 (0.43)

Never married.............................. 1.4 (0.28) 13.7 (0.63) 8.9 (0.55) 7.9 (0.58) 11.9 (0.63) 4.6 (0.45)

Living with a partner .......................... 3.4 (0.90) 13.4 (1.15) 8.4 (0.87) 5.2 (0.77) 11.0 (1.10) 4.7 (0.86)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 1.3 (0.12) 12.6 (0.35) 7.9 (0.29) 7.7 (0.28) 11.9 (0.33) 3.7 (0.19)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 (0.18) 13.0 (0.50) 8.4 (0.40) 7.9 (0.39) 13.0 (0.50) 4.6 (0.30)

Not in MSA ............................... 2.7 (0.26) 12.4 (0.65) 8.5 (0.55) 6.5 (0.50) 14.7 (0.82) 5.1 (0.42)

Region

Northeast ................................ 1.7 (0.22) 12.8 (0.72) 8.7 (0.60) 8.1 (0.54) 11.7 (0.67) 3.8 (0.33)

Midwest ................................. 2.3 (0.24) 12.3 (0.56) 8.2 (0.45) 6.9 (0.44) 12.8 (0.58) 4.7 (0.34)

South ................................... 1.9 (0.15) 12.3 (0.41) 7.7 (0.33) 7.0 (0.33) 15.6 (0.47) 4.7 (0.28)

West ................................... 1.2 (0.16) 13.9 (0.53) 8.4 (0.43) 8.8 (0.44) 8.9 (0.46) 3.1 (0.26)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... *1.0 (0.31) 7.6 (0.75) 4.7 (0.64) 4.0 (0.52) 6.7 (0.65) 2.0 (0.43)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 0.9 (0.24) 12.7 (0.78) 9.2 (0.70) 5.7 (0.56) 11.5 (0.76) 3.9 (0.45)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 2.2 (0.19) 11.3 (0.46) 5.7 (0.33) 7.5 (0.40) 10.2 (0.45) 3.3 (0.25)

White, single race, female ..................... 1.8 (0.15) 14.5 (0.50) 10.1 (0.42) 9.2 (0.38) 16.7 (0.52) 5.7 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 1.8 (0.36) 12.8 (1.03) 7.5 (0.87) 5.0 (0.62) 11.9 (0.97) 2.8 (0.44)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 0.8 (0.18) 17.3 (0.97) 13.0 (0.87) 7.3 (0.61) 16.2 (0.90) 5.1 (0.47)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

Respondents were asked in two separate questions if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had emphysema or asthma. Respondents who had been told they had 

asthma were asked if they still had asthma. Respondents were asked in three separate questions if they had been told by a doctor or other health professional in the past 12 months that they had hay 

fever, sinusitis, or bronchitis. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix I), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the complete new OMB race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the category ‘‘One race, Black or 

African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 27

11Based on family income and family size using the Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix I). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table V in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 28 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 5. Frequencies of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

All persons Females Selected type of cancer1

aged 18 Males aged aged 18

years and 18 years years and Any Breast Cervical Prostate

Selected characteristic over and over over cancer cancer cancer cancer

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 110,929 118,576 19,441 3,169 1,448 2,457

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 110,929 ... 8,470 *41 ... 2,457

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 ... 118,576 10,971 3,128 1,448 ...

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 55,156 55,460 2,427 *91 675 †

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 39,006 41,193 7,939 1,387 581 634

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 9,817 11,474 4,343 803 *108 679

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 6,951 10,450 4,732 888 *85 1,138

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 109,498 116,815 19,217 3,128 1,422 2,454

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 90,748 94,583 17,476 2,691 1,288 2,086

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 12,570 15,237 1,291 309 114 269

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 795 1,000 164 † † †

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 5,271 5,825 285 101 *9 †

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 114 170 – – – –

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 1,431 1,761 224 *40 † †

Black or African American, white ................. 625 273 353 † † – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 592 802 177 † † †

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 16,529 15,565 965 205 142 *97

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 10,049 9,663 512 111 83 *42

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 94,400 103,011 18,476 2,964 1,306 2,360

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 75,723 80,396 16,625 2,501 1,171 2,029

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 11,959 14,730 1,257 307 96 269

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 14,039 14,120 2,474 420 206 335

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 25,504 27,553 5,197 950 402 644

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 25,519 31,190 5,694 910 550 663

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 30,619 30,566 5,789 869 233 809

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 33,530 40,751 6,505 1,110 592 715

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 71,118 70,787 11,490 1,753 835 1,578

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 15,438 16,429 2,974 454 200 440

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 19,431 19,350 2,926 546 320 379

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 13,325 13,054 2,189 400 *127 274

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 22,924 21,953 3,400 353 189 484

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 12,296 16,381 1,526 239 160 104

Near poor ................................ 36,390 17,346 19,044 2,876 439 350 282

Not poor ................................. 145,271 72,811 72,460 12,909 2,085 859 1,841

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 29

Table 5. Frequencies of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Females Selected type of cancer1

aged 18 Males aged aged 18

years and 18 years years and Any Breast Cervical Prostate

Selected characteristic over and over over cancer cancer cancer cancer

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 60,321 62,936 7,352 1,141 742 549

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 6,516 11,514 1,069 155 259 †

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 4,299 3,713 802 *71 *47 *42

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 22,614 18,070 1,122 *111 208 †

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 8,751 11,828 5,189 946 *102 1,067

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 883 1,750 481 112 † *69

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 5,377 7,256 2,692 551 *56 524

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 1,523 883 680 *81 – 157

Uninsured ............................... 379 208 171 † – – –

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 62,806 61,501 11,694 1,605 656 1,909

Widowed ................................. 13,676 2,804 10,872 2,699 773 152 245

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 10,651 15,433 2,899 572 338 154

Never married.............................. 49,249 26,642 22,607 1,353 134 197 *92

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 7,916 7,998 786 *85 *105 *57

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 59,464 61,843 9,427 1,753 664 1,284

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 34,312 37,608 6,351 856 463 813

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 17,152 19,125 3,664 560 322 361

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 19,622 20,955 3,435 594 204 454

Midwest ................................. 53,316 25,559 27,756 4,841 700 386 642

South ................................... 81,721 39,314 42,408 7,231 1,121 586 876

West ................................... 53,891 26,434 27,457 3,934 754 272 486

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 16,529 . . . 319 – . . . *97

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 . . . 15,565 646 205 142 . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 75,723 . . . 7,505 *41 . . . 2,029

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 . . . 80,396 9,120 2,460 1,171 . . .

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 11,959 . . . 491 – . . . 269

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 . . . 14,730 766 307 96 . . .

. . . Category not applicable.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had a cancer or malignancy of any kind. They were then asked to name the kind of cancer they 

had. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Unknowns for the rows or columns are not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are 

rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 30 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 31

Table 6. Age-adjusted percentages of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected type of cancer1

Selected characteristic Any cancer

Breast

cancer

Cervical

cancer

Prostate

cancer

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total3 (crude) ..............................

8.2 (0.18)

8.5 (0.20)

1.3 (0.07)

1.4 (0.08)

1.2 (0.10)

1.2 (0.10)

2.4 (0.15)

2.2 (0.15)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7.9 (0.27)

8.6 (0.24)

*0.0 (0.02)

2.4 (0.13)

...

1.2 (0.10)

2.4 (0.15)

...

Age4

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

2.2 (0.15)

9.9 (0.37)

20.4 (0.90)

27.2 (1.03)

*0.1 (0.03)

1.7 (0.14)

3.8 (0.43)

5.1 (0.48)

1.2 (0.15)

1.4 (0.18)

*0.9 (0.29)

*0.8 (0.31)

†

1.6 (0.25)

6.9 (0.78)

16.4 (1.46)

Race

One race5 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races6 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

8.1 (0.18)

8.8 (0.20)

5.3 (0.36)

11.0 (2.06)

3.1 (0.51)

–

10.0 (1.87)

8.7 (0.61)

13.5 (2.76)

1.3 (0.07)

1.3 (0.08)

1.2 (0.17)

†

1.1 (0.29)

–

*1.7 (0.72)

8.1 (0.00)

†

1.2 (0.10)

1.4 (0.13)

0.7 (0.17)

†

*0.2 (0.07)

–

†

–

†

2.5 (0.15)

2.4 (0.17)

3.3 (0.48)

*9.3 (3.98)

*1.3 (0.58)

–

†

–

†

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino .......................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

3.9 (0.36)

3.7 (0.47)

8.6 (0.19)

9.4 (0.23)

5.3 (0.37)

0.9 (0.17)

0.8 (0.23)

1.3 (0.08)

1.4 (0.08)

1.2 (0.17)

0.9 (0.19)

0.8 (0.24)

1.3 (0.11)

1.5 (0.14)

0.6 (0.16)

1.2 (0.34)

*1.1 (0.50)

2.5 (0.17)

2.5 (0.19)

3.3 (0.49)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED9 ....................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

7.1 (0.43)

8.6 (0.37)

10.7 (0.40)

10.4 (0.44)

1.2 (0.17)

1.5 (0.15)

1.7 (0.19)

1.6 (0.16)

1.6 (0.34)

1.5 (0.28)

1.8 (0.23)

0.7 (0.15)

1.9 (0.31)

2.5 (0.32)

3.8 (0.41)

3.2 (0.39)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

7.9 (0.28)

8.6 (0.26)

8.6 (0.45)

8.0 (0.46)

9.2 (0.69)

8.7 (0.57)

1.3 (0.11)

1.3 (0.10)

1.3 (0.20)

1.5 (0.21)

1.4 (0.26)

0.9 (0.17)

1.5 (0.19)

1.1 (0.14)

1.2 (0.28)

1.7 (0.32)

*0.9 (0.29)

*0.8 (0.24)

2.0 (0.21)

2.8 (0.24)

2.6 (0.36)

2.6 (0.42)

3.3 (0.66)

2.9 (0.55)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

6.5 (0.46)

7.8 (0.43)

8.7 (0.25)

1.1 (0.18)

1.2 (0.16)

1.4 (0.10)

1.0 (0.19)

1.9 (0.35)

1.2 (0.14)

1.6 (0.42)

1.7 (0.30)

2.8 (0.21)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 32 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 6. Age-adjusted percentages of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected type of cancer1

Breast Cervical Prostate

Selected characteristic Any cancer cancer cancer cancer

Health insurance coverage12 Percent2 (standard error)

Under 65 years: 

Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 (0.21) 0.7 (0.07) 1.1 (0.14) 0.7 (0.13) 

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 (0.56) 1.0 (0.22) 2.3 (0.47) † 

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 (1.11) *0.5 (0.17) *1.9 (0.82) *0.5 (0.22) 

Uninsured ............................... 3.0 (0.27) *0.3 (0.09) 1.1 (0.24) † 

65 years and over: 

Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 (0.97) 4.6 (0.46) *0.9 (0.28) 12.6 (1.19) 

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 18.4 (2.19) 4.4 (1.14) † *8.9 (3.03) 

Medicare only ............................ 21.6 (1.16) 4.4 (0.58) *0.8 (0.31) 10.4 (1.33) 

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 (2.55) *3.4 (1.19) – 10.7 (2.26) 

Uninsured ............................... *7.9 (3.94) – – – 

Marital status 

Married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 (0.27) 1.1 (0.10) 1.1 (0.15) 2.7 (0.21) 

Widowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 (2.07) 2.0 (0.30) *3.9 (1.94) 1.9 (0.38) 

Divorced or separated......................... 9.4 (0.54) 1.5 (0.23) 2.5 (0.46) 1.3 (0.31) 

Never married.............................. 6.7 (0.60) 1.0 (0.24) 0.8 (0.18) *1.9 (0.62) 

Living with a partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 (1.25) *1.1 (0.52) *1.2 (0.41) *3.1 (1.47) 

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 7.8 (0.25) 1.5 (0.11) 1.1 (0.14) 2.7 (0.23) 

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 (0.32) 1.1 (0.11) 1.2 (0.19) 2.5 (0.26) 

Not in MSA ............................... 8.8 (0.43) 1.3 (0.15) 1.7 (0.29) 1.8 (0.31) 

Region 

Northeast ................................ 7.6 (0.41) 1.3 (0.15) 0.9 (0.18) 2.3 (0.36) 

Midwest ................................. 8.7 (0.37) 1.2 (0.14) 1.4 (0.22) 2.8 (0.33) 

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 (0.30) 1.3 (0.12) 1.4 (0.20) 2.4 (0.24) 

West ................................... 7.4 (0.37) 1.4 (0.16) 1.0 (0.17) 2.3 (0.32) 

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 3.3 (0.53) – ... 1.2 (0.34)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 4.8 (0.48) 1.6 (0.32) 0.9 (0.19) ...

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 9.1 (0.34) *0.0 (0.02) ... 2.5 (0.19)

White, single race, female ..................... 9.9 (0.32) 2.5 (0.16) 1.5 (0.14) ...

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 5.5 (0.63) – . . . 3.3 (0.49)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 5.4 (0.49) 2.1 (0.29) 0.6 (0.16) . . .

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

. . . Category not applicable. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

Respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had a cancer or malignancy of any kind. They were then asked to name the kind of cancer they

had. A person may be represented in more than one column.

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Further, the denominators for calculating cervical cancer and prostate cancer

percentages are sex-specific, while the denominators for calculating breast cancer percentages encompass all adults. Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding.

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group.

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 33

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table VI in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 34 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 7. Frequencies of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected characteristic

All persons

aged

18 years

and over Diabetes1 Ulcers1

Selected diseases and conditions

Kidney

disease2

Liver

disease2

Arthritis

diagnosis3

Chronic

joint

symptoms3

Number in thousands4

Total5 ................................... 229,505 20,974 14,992 3,931 3,288 51,948 67,024

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110,929

118,576

10,804

10,170

6,703

8,289

1,775

2,156

1,721

1,567

21,152

30,796

30,141

36,883

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

110,615

80,198

21,291

17,401

3,022

9,676

4,563

3,713

4,591

6,418

2,241

1,742

804

1,578

740

809

978

1,835

309

167

7,838

24,292

10,426

9,391

18,794

30,801

9,572

7,857

Race

One race6 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races7 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

226,314

185,330

27,807

1,795

11,096

284

3,191

625

1,394

20,640

16,180

3,257

266

891

†

335

†

260

14,701

12,449

1,620

170

449

†

291

†

224

3,904

3,093

704

*23

85

–

*27

–

†

3,263

2,615

426

*47

175

–

†

†

–

51,203

43,703

5,855

429

1,186

*31

744

*82

460

65,868

56,151

7,364

598

1,717

*38

1,156

160

640

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

32,094

19,712

197,411

156,119

26,689

3,178

1,977

17,796

13,269

3,144

1,510

898

13,482

11,110

1,541

549

369

3,382

2,574

686

569

342

2,720

2,141

363

3,774

2,100

48,173

40,316

5,682

6,033

3,603

60,991

50,806

7,099

Education9

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED10 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

28,159

53,058

56,710

61,185

4,816

6,082

5,780

3,977

2,994

4,021

4,530

2,776

992

1,041

1,189

525

605

878

896

680

8,326

15,563

15,718

11,582

9,518

18,710

19,865

15,104

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

74,281

141,904

31,868

38,780

26,379

44,877

8,733

10,934

3,148

3,396

1,932

2,457

6,313

8,103

2,277

2,444

1,321

2,061

2,090

1,672

648

469

356

199

1,378

1,845

476

393

376

599

19,606

29,029

7,368

8,712

4,931

8,019

24,153

39,183

9,832

10,916

7,171

11,263

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

28,677

36,390

145,271

2,859

4,065

11,812

2,178

2,961

8,632

941

774

1,858

627

613

1,836

6,191

8,765

31,851

8,403

11,334

41,719

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 35

Table 7. Frequencies of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected diseases and conditions

All persons

aged Chronic

18 years Kidney Liver Arthritis joint

Selected characteristic and over Diabetes1 Ulcers1 disease2 disease2 diagnosis3 symptoms3

Health insurance coverage13 Number in thousands4

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 7,342 6,403 905 1,436 20,839 31,867

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 1,983 1,681 667 611 3,974 5,121

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 1,340 832 284 348 2,945 3,488

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 2,022 2,085 527 391 4,305 8,937

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 4,070 2,042 670 191 10,875 9,291

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 749 397 272 *90 1,524 1,327

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 2,770 1,169 475 126 6,042 5,637

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 641 359 124 *56 1,258 1,062

Uninsured ............................... 379 *37 † † † 87 *84

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 12,282 8,192 1,851 1,667 30,059 37,520

Widowed ................................. 13,676 2,752 1,568 556 186 7,071 6,315

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 3,206 2,579 685 590 8,006 9,819

Never married.............................. 49,249 1,896 1,668 582 581 4,308 8,948

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 812 957 251 259 2,472 4,349

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 10,136 6,803 1,776 1,790 24,382 31,528

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 6,488 4,779 1,260 841 16,915 22,279

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 4,350 3,411 895 657 10,651 13,218

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 3,130 1,903 583 515 9,086 10,871

Midwest ................................. 53,316 4,922 4,063 928 750 13,915 17,724

South ................................... 81,721 8,498 5,624 1,661 1,144 18,879 24,214

West ................................... 53,891 4,425 3,402 759 879 10,068 14,215

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 1,469 650 236 290 1,371 2,677

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 1,709 860 313 278 2,403 3,357

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 7,239 5,019 1,182 1,135 17,129 23,822

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 6,030 6,090 1,392 1,006 23,187 26,984

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 1,434 671 327 195 1,807 2,460

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 1,710 870 358 168 3,875 4,639

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had: an ulcer (including a stomach, duodenal, or peptic ulcer) or diabetes 

(or sugar diabetes; female respondents were instructed to exclude pregnancy-related diabetes). Responses from persons who said they had ‘‘borderline’’ diabetes were treated as unknown with 

respect to diabetes. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had been told in the last 12 months by a doctor or other health professional that they had: weak or failing kidneys (excluding kidney stones, 

bladder infections, or incontinence) or any kind of liver condition. 

3

Respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had some form of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia. Those who answered 

yes were classified as having an arthritis diagnosis. Respondents were also asked: ‘‘During the past 30 days, have you had pain, aching, or stiffness in or around a joint?’’ (excluding back and neck) 

and, if yes, ‘‘Did your joint symptoms first begin more than 3 months ago?’’ Respondents with symptoms that began more than 3 months ago were classified in this table as having chronic joint 

symptoms. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I) but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 
Page 36 [ Series 10, No. 252

11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 37

Table 8. Age-adjusted percentages of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected diseases and conditions

Selected characteristic Diabetes1 Ulcers1

Kidney

disease2

Liver

disease2

Arthritis

diagnosis3

Chronic joint

symptoms3

Percent4 (standard error)

Total5 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total5 (crude) ..............................

8.8 (0.19)

9.3 (0.20)

6.4 (0.18)

6.5 (0.18)

1.7 (0.08)

1.7 (0.08)

1.4 (0.08)

1.4 (0.08)

21.6 (0.28)

22.7 (0.33)

28.2 (0.33)

29.2 (0.36)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9.8 (0.31)

8.0 (0.25)

6.0 (0.26)

6.7 (0.24)

1.6 (0.12)

1.7 (0.12)

1.5 (0.13)

1.2 (0.10)

18.8 (0.41)

24.1 (0.38)

26.7 (0.49)

29.5 (0.45)

Age6

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

2.8 (0.17)

12.3 (0.39)

22.0 (0.93)

21.7 (0.97)

4.2 (0.22)

8.0 (0.32)

10.5 (0.71)

10.0 (0.74)

0.7 (0.09)

2.0 (0.16)

3.5 (0.38)

4.7 (0.47)

0.9 (0.10)

2.3 (0.18)

1.5 (0.24)

1.0 (0.21)

7.1 (0.28)

30.3 (0.59)

49.0 (1.07)

54.1 (1.16)

17.0 (0.42)

38.4 (0.65)

45.0 (1.09)

45.3 (1.20)

Race

One race7 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races8 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

8.8 (0.19)

8.2 (0.21)

12.9 (0.51)

16.3 (3.38)

9.1 (0.83)

*23.7 (7.45)

14.7 (2.18)

20.1 (5.77)

19.6 (3.56)

6.3 (0.18)

6.4 (0.20)

6.0 (0.42)

9.9 (2.43)

4.4 (0.55)

†

10.7 (2.19)

†

15.8 (4.01)

1.7 (0.08)

1.6 (0.09)

2.8 (0.30)

*1.1 (0.51)

0.9 (0.23)

–

*1.0 (0.47)

–

†

1.4 (0.08)

1.3 (0.09)

1.5 (0.23)

*2.6 (0.85)

1.6 (0.33)

–

†

†

–

21.5 (0.28)

21.8 (0.31)

22.4 (0.70)

25.5 (3.95)

12.1 (0.86)

17.2 (3.90)

29.4 (2.54)

23.3 (4.77)

33.8 (3.83)

28.0 (0.33)

28.8 (0.37)

27.4 (0.86)

33.0 (4.40)

16.3 (1.11)

19.7 (4.25)

41.0 (2.75)

28.4 (6.39)

46.1 (4.39)

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

13.2 (0.60)

14.3 (0.84)

8.4 (0.20)

7.6 (0.22)

12.9 (0.52)

5.4 (0.40)

5.6 (0.54)

6.5 (0.20)

6.7 (0.23)

6.0 (0.43)

2.1 (0.25)

2.5 (0.37)

1.6 (0.09)

1.5 (0.10)

2.9 (0.31)

1.9 (0.25)

1.9 (0.30)

1.3 (0.09)

1.3 (0.10)

1.4 (0.22)

15.6 (0.58)

15.4 (0.76)

22.4 (0.31)

22.9 (0.35)

22.5 (0.71)

22.0 (0.72)

22.3 (0.98)

29.3 (0.36)

30.4 (0.42)

27.4 (0.87)

Education10

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED11 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

14.7 (0.61)

10.6 (0.42)

10.3 (0.42)

7.1 (0.39)

9.7 (0.59)

7.3 (0.41)

7.9 (0.39)

4.7 (0.32)

3.1 (0.29)

1.8 (0.18)

2.2 (0.21)

1.0 (0.13)

2.2 (0.26)

1.5 (0.18)

1.5 (0.17)

1.1 (0.15)

24.6 (0.76)

26.4 (0.61)

27.7 (0.61)

20.2 (0.55)

30.6 (0.90)

33.2 (0.74)

34.6 (0.66)

25.2 (0.59)

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

11.2 (0.34)

7.9 (0.26)

9.4 (0.52)

9.0 (0.47)

7.8 (0.71)

6.0 (0.51)

8.3 (0.32)

5.7 (0.22)

6.9 (0.49)

6.3 (0.42)

5.2 (0.58)

4.9 (0.46)

2.7 (0.17)

1.2 (0.10)

1.9 (0.25)

1.2 (0.17)

1.7 (0.33)

0.6 (0.19)

1.9 (0.16)

1.2 (0.11)

1.5 (0.22)

1.0 (0.17)

1.3 (0.23)

1.3 (0.25)

24.6 (0.49)

20.6 (0.37)

21.6 (0.71)

22.6 (0.70)

19.7 (0.91)

18.8 (0.70)

31.6 (0.56)

27.1 (0.44)

29.8 (0.87)

27.9 (0.80)

26.5 (1.05)

25.3 (0.85)

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

12.4 (0.59)

11.5 (0.53)

7.8 (0.24)

8.5 (0.53)

8.2 (0.48)

5.8 (0.22)

3.8 (0.36)

2.1 (0.23)

1.3 (0.10)

2.4 (0.28)

1.8 (0.22)

1.2 (0.10)

25.7 (0.84)

24.1 (0.68)

20.7 (0.35)

32.6 (0.86)

31.5 (0.83)

27.4 (0.42)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 38 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 8. Age-adjusted percentages of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected diseases and conditions

Kidney Liver Arthritis Chronic joint

Selected characteristic Diabetes1 Ulcers1 disease2 disease2 diagnosis3 symptoms3

Health insurance coverage14 Percent4 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 5.3 (0.22) 4.9 (0.21) 0.7 (0.08) 1.1 (0.11) 14.7 (0.34) 23.9 (0.46)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 (0.80) 9.8 (0.74) 3.9 (0.49) 3.7 (0.47) 23.7 (1.04) 30.1 (1.11)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 (1.39) 8.4 (1.03) 2.6 (0.66) 3.4 (0.68) 27.0 (1.70) 35.7 (2.08)

Uninsured ............................... 5.6 (0.40) 5.3 (0.39) 1.4 (0.19) 1.0 (0.16) 11.7 (0.62) 23.1 (0.74)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20.2 (0.92) 9.9 (0.70) 3.3 (0.36) 0.9 (0.21) 53.0 (1.14) 45.2 (1.12)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 28.6 (2.28) 14.9 (1.91) 10.2 (1.48) 3.3 (0.97) 58.2 (2.61) 50.4 (2.50)

Medicare only ............................ 22.5 (1.25) 9.2 (0.82) 3.8 (0.51) 1.0 (0.24) 48.2 (1.31) 44.8 (1.44)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.4 (2.79) 14.9 (2.35) 5.2 (1.41) *2.3 (0.85) 52.4 (3.32) 44.4 (3.48)

Uninsured ............................... *8.2 (3.31) † † † 20.1 (5.72) 17.5 (4.56)

Marital status

Married .................................. 9.0 (0.29) 6.3 (0.27) 1.4 (0.11) 1.2 (0.11) 21.5 (0.40) 27.7 (0.49)

Widowed ................................. 13.2 (2.06) 7.2 (1.19) *2.3 (0.74) *1.5 (0.67) 29.8 (3.51) 36.7 (3.75)

Divorced or separated......................... 10.5 (0.56) 9.6 (0.56) 2.3 (0.32) 1.7 (0.22) 26.7 (0.82) 33.9 (0.95)

Never married.............................. 7.8 (0.55) 4.7 (0.40) 2.0 (0.30) 1.4 (0.23) 18.6 (0.79) 26.7 (0.89)

Living with a partner .......................... 8.9 (1.20) 6.8 (0.91) 1.9 (0.35) 1.6 (0.38) 23.5 (1.53) 32.5 (1.58)

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 8.4 (0.27) 5.5 (0.23) 1.5 (0.11) 1.4 (0.12) 19.9 (0.39) 25.6 (0.46)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 (0.35) 6.4 (0.31) 1.7 (0.15) 1.1 (0.12) 22.4 (0.52) 29.9 (0.62)

Not in MSA ............................... 10.5 (0.48) 8.9 (0.50) 2.2 (0.23) 1.7 (0.22) 25.6 (0.68) 33.6 (0.91)

Region

Northeast ................................ 7.1 (0.45) 4.4 (0.36) 1.3 (0.18) 1.2 (0.21) 20.2 (0.65) 25.3 (0.86)

Midwest ................................. 8.9 (0.40) 7.4 (0.38) 1.7 (0.17) 1.3 (0.17) 24.8 (0.64) 32.0 (0.72)

South ................................... 10.1 (0.33) 6.7 (0.30) 2.0 (0.16) 1.3 (0.13) 22.0 (0.43) 28.6 (0.52)

West ................................... 8.3 (0.37) 6.3 (0.39) 1.4 (0.14) 1.6 (0.17) 18.8 (0.57) 26.2 (0.67)

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 12.9 (0.87) 4.8 (0.60) 2.0 (0.37) 2.0 (0.41) 11.8 (0.85) 19.2 (1.06)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 13.6 (0.78) 6.0 (0.58) 2.3 (0.35) 1.9 (0.30) 19.1 (0.83) 24.6 (0.99)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 8.8 (0.37) 6.3 (0.33) 1.5 (0.14) 1.4 (0.17) 20.5 (0.53) 30.0 (0.63)

White, single race, female ..................... 6.5 (0.29) 7.2 (0.31) 1.6 (0.16) 1.1 (0.12) 25.1 (0.48) 30.6 (0.58)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 14.0 (0.85) 6.1 (0.71) 3.4 (0.53) 1.7 (0.38) 17.1 (0.87) 21.6 (1.18)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 12.3 (0.69) 5.9 (0.53) 2.5 (0.35) 1.1 (0.24) 26.9 (0.98) 31.8 (1.07)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had: an ulcer (including a stomach, duodenal, or peptic ulcer) or diabetes 

(or sugar diabetes; female respondents were instructed to exclude pregnancy-related diabetes). Responses from persons who said they had ‘‘borderline’’ diabetes were treated as unknown with 

respect to diabetes. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had been told in the last 12 months by a doctor or other health professional that they had: weak or failing kidneys (excluding kidney stones, 

bladder infections, or incontinence) or any kind of liver condition. 

3

Respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had some form of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia. Those who answered 

yes were classified as having an arthritis diagnosis. Respondents were also asked: ‘‘During the past 30 days, have you had pain, aching, or stiffness in or around a joint?’’ (excluding back and neck) 

and, if yes, ‘‘Did your joint symptoms first begin more than 3 months ago?’’ Respondents with symptoms that began more than 3 months ago were classified in this table as having chronic joint 

symptoms. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 39

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table VII in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 40 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 9. Frequencies of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected characteristic

All persons

aged

18 years

and over

Migraines

or severe

headaches1

Pain in

neck2

Pain in

lower back3

Pain in

face or jaw4

Number in thousands5

Total6 ................................... 229,505 37,529 36,177 66,106 11,460

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110,929

118,576

12,171

25,358

14,796

21,381

29,577

36,529

3,792

7,667

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

110,615

80,198

21,291

17,401

22,580

12,485

1,578

886

14,459

16,002

3,292

2,425

27,811

26,007

6,923

5,365

5,460

4,779

725

496

Race

One race7 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races8 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

226,314

185,330

27,807

1,795

11,096

284

3,191

625

1,394

36,815

30,106

5,168

355

1,151

*35

713

126

429

35,537

30,434

3,725

306

1,061

†

640

79

393

65,046

54,857

7,536

543

2,054

*55

1,060

164

583

11,298

9,834

1,063

102

298

–

161

*29

*76

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

32,094

19,712

197,411

156,119

26,689

5,475

3,274

32,053

25,135

4,999

4,595

2,722

31,583

26,277

3,577

8,429

4,970

57,677

47,256

7,223

1,411

859

10,048

8,562

1,024

Education10

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED11 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

28,159

53,058

56,710

61,185

4,815

8,652

10,220

7,959

5,464

9,033

11,137

7,994

9,869

17,185

18,899

14,228

1,522

2,492

3,398

2,467

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–‘$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

74,281

141,904

31,868

38,780

26,379

44,877

14,559

21,291

5,365

6,164

3,568

6,195

14,112

20,440

5,382

5,528

3,489

6,041

25,143

37,467

9,655

10,629

6,753

10,430

4,770

6,274

1,749

1,671

971

1,883

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

28,677

36,390

145,271

6,843

7,128

21,103

5,665

6,706

21,366

9,805

11,902

38,754

2,272

2,145

6,325

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 41

Table 9. Frequencies of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

All persons

aged Migraines

18 years or severe Pain in Pain in Pain in

Selected characteristic and over headaches1 neck2 lower back3 face or jaw4

Health insurance coverage14 Number in thousands5

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 19,901 18,370 32,099 5,858

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 5,130 3,684 6,780 1,460

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 1,942 2,077 3,341 693

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 7,952 6,176 11,431 2,140

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 1,188 2,820 6,654 672

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 323 669 1,007 172

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 808 1,807 3,731 319

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 118 388 799 *57

Uninsured ............................... 379 † † *89 –

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 18,617 19,764 36,253 5,967

Widowed ................................. 13,676 1,284 2,356 4,492 553

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 5,092 5,582 9,248 1,704

Never married.............................. 49,249 8,984 5,803 11,077 2,245

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 3,514 2,638 4,972 961

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 18,546 17,661 32,045 5,381

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 12,561 11,700 21,527 3,902

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 6,421 6,817 12,533 2,177

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 5,954 6,142 11,612 1,636

Midwest ................................. 53,316 8,795 8,693 15,167 2,827

South ................................... 81,721 14,602 12,297 23,453 4,261

West ................................... 53,891 8,177 9,046 15,873 2,735

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 1,606 1,718 3,855 504

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 3,870 2,876 4,573 907

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 8,567 11,247 21,859 2,837

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 16,568 15,029 25,397 5,725

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 1,459 1,172 2,605 298

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 3,541 2,405 4,618 726

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have a severe headache or migraine?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and 

conversely, not to report fleeting or minor aches or pains. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have neck pain?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report 

fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

3

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have low back pain?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report 

fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

4

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have facial ache or pain in the jaw muscles or the joint in front of the ear?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had 

lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I) but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 42 [ Series 10, No. 252

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 43

Table 10. Age-adjusted percentages of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected characteristic

Migraines or

severe

headaches1

Pain in

neck2

Pain in

lower back3

Pain in

face or jaw4

Percent5 (standard error)

Total6 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total6 (crude) ..............................

16.6 (0.28)

16.4 (0.27)

15.4 (0.27)

15.8 (0.28)

28.5 (0.36)

28.8 (0.37)

4.9 (0.17)

5.0 (0.17)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11.0 (0.36)

22.0 (0.41)

13.1 (0.37)

17.6 (0.40)

26.4 (0.51)

30.4 (0.47)

3.3 (0.20)

6.4 (0.26)

Age7

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

20.4 (0.45)

15.6 (0.44)

7.4 (0.58)

5.1 (0.52)

13.1 (0.37)

20.0 (0.51)

15.5 (0.81)

14.0 (0.77)

25.2 (0.49)

32.4 (0.61)

32.5 (1.02)

30.9 (1.07)

4.9 (0.25)

6.0 (0.31)

3.4 (0.40)

2.9 (0.34)

Race

One race8 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races9 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

16.5 (0.28)

16.7 (0.32)

18.1 (0.73)

18.7 (2.81)

10.1 (0.90)

*9.8 (4.25)

20.9 (2.10)

15.2 (3.42)

28.9 (4.09)

15.4 (0.27)

16.0 (0.32)

13.3 (0.56)

17.0 (2.97)

9.6 (0.83)

†

22.0 (2.02)

18.4 (5.44)

26.2 (3.25)

28.4 (0.37)

29.2 (0.41)

27.2 (0.80)

33.6 (3.53)

19.1 (1.10)

25.5 (6.53)

36.0 (2.79)

30.9 (4.88)

42.0 (4.62)

4.9 (0.17)

5.3 (0.20)

3.7 (0.30)

5.4 (1.50)

2.8 (0.51)

–

4.7 (0.97)

*4.7 (1.94)

*5.3 (1.90)

Hispanic or Latino origin10 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

16.2 (0.62)

15.7 (0.77)

16.7 (0.31)

17.0 (0.37)

18.3 (0.75)

15.1 (0.65)

14.7 (0.88)

15.6 (0.30)

16.4 (0.36)

13.3 (0.57)

27.4 (0.80)

26.5 (1.06)

28.7 (0.40)

29.7 (0.47)

27.1 (0.82)

4.4 (0.35)

4.3 (0.47)

5.1 (0.19)

5.5 (0.23)

3.7 (0.31)

Education11

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED12 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

18.1 (0.78)

17.4 (0.61)

17.8 (0.54)

12.6 (0.47)

18.9 (0.80)

16.9 (0.54)

19.1 (0.57)

12.8 (0.48)

34.6 (1.00)

32.0 (0.73)

33.0 (0.69)

23.5 (0.62)

5.5 (0.47)

4.7 (0.31)

5.8 (0.34)

3.9 (0.28)

Family income13

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

20.4 (0.50)

14.9 (0.36)

17.4 (0.78)

15.7 (0.66)

13.1 (0.77)

13.7 (0.68)

19.1 (0.50)

13.9 (0.33)

16.9 (0.72)

14.1 (0.66)

12.5 (0.75)

13.0 (0.68)

33.9 (0.64)

26.2 (0.45)

30.0 (0.87)

27.3 (0.79)

25.3 (1.02)

23.4 (0.84)

6.6 (0.30)

4.3 (0.21)

5.6 (0.49)

4.2 (0.36)

3.5 (0.40)

4.1 (0.39)

Poverty status14

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

23.3 (0.78)

19.8 (0.76)

14.7 (0.34)

20.8 (0.80)

18.7 (0.69)

14.2 (0.33)

35.4 (0.94)

33.1 (0.82)

26.3 (0.44)

8.1 (0.52)

6.0 (0.45)

4.2 (0.20)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 44 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 10. Age-adjusted percentages of migraines and pain in neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Migraines or

severe Pain in Pain in Pain in

Selected characteristic headaches1 neck2 lower back3 face or jaw4

Health insurance coverage15 Percent5 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 16.7 (0.40) 14.4 (0.37) 25.5 (0.46) 4.7 (0.23)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 (1.11) 21.2 (1.08) 38.6 (1.21) 8.3 (0.68)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.8 (2.11) 23.3 (1.82) 38.1 (2.07) 7.6 (1.17)

Uninsured ............................... 19.4 (0.67) 15.6 (0.65) 28.6 (0.84) 5.3 (0.41)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 5.8 (0.57) 13.7 (0.75) 32.3 (1.09) 3.3 (0.38)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 12.0 (1.60) 25.4 (2.33) 37.8 (2.46) 6.6 (1.23)

Medicare only ............................ 6.2 (0.67) 14.3 (0.96) 29.5 (1.25) 2.5 (0.39)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 (1.18) 16.1 (2.56) 33.7 (3.18) *2.4 (0.84)

Uninsured ............................... † † *24.3 (8.31) –

Marital status

Married .................................. 15.7 (0.41) 15.4 (0.39) 28.7 (0.51) 4.7 (0.23)

Widowed ................................. 20.4 (3.77) 19.1 (3.42) 29.7 (3.32) 4.4 (1.19)

Divorced or separated......................... 21.3 (0.84) 20.1 (0.83) 34.8 (0.98) 6.9 (0.54)

Never married.............................. 15.7 (0.63) 13.6 (0.64) 25.3 (0.80) 4.6 (0.36)

Living with a partner .......................... 19.5 (1.11) 17.1 (1.22) 31.1 (1.54) 5.5 (0.66)

Place of residence16

Large MSA ............................... 15.3 (0.37) 14.3 (0.37) 26.2 (0.49) 4.4 (0.22)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.8 (0.50) 16.0 (0.50) 29.7 (0.62) 5.4 (0.32)

Not in MSA ............................... 18.6 (0.74) 18.2 (0.77) 33.9 (0.96) 5.9 (0.52)

Region

Northeast ................................ 15.3 (0.70) 14.9 (0.75) 28.1 (0.83) 4.1 (0.39)

Midwest ................................. 16.8 (0.64) 16.0 (0.53) 28.2 (0.81) 5.3 (0.39)

South ................................... 18.1 (0.46) 14.7 (0.45) 28.3 (0.58) 5.1 (0.28)

West ................................... 15.1 (0.51) 16.5 (0.54) 29.3 (0.76) 5.0 (0.34)

Hispanic or Latino origin10, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 9.0 (0.69) 11.4 (0.86) 24.1 (1.16) 3.0 (0.46)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 23.8 (0.96) 19.0 (0.94) 30.5 (1.09) 5.8 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 11.7 (0.48) 14.4 (0.50) 28.3 (0.65) 3.8 (0.28)

White, single race, female ..................... 22.1 (0.56) 18.2 (0.54) 31.0 (0.63) 7.2 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11.9 (0.96) 10.0 (0.78) 22.3 (1.18) 2.4 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 23.6 (1.00) 16.0 (0.85) 31.0 (1.07) 4.8 (0.49)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have a severe headache or migraine?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and 

conversely, not to report fleeting or minor aches or pains. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have neck pain?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report 

fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

3

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have low back pain?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report 

fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

4

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have facial ache or pain in the jaw muscles or the joint in front of the ear?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had 

lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

8

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

9

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

10Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

11Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

12GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 45

13The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

15Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

16MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table VIII in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 46 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 11. Frequencies of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

All persons Selected sensory problems

aged Absence of

18 years Hearing Vision all natural 1 2 3 Selected characteristic and over trouble trouble teeth

Number in thousands4

Total5 ................................... 229,505 37,117 21,516 17,539

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 21,083 8,816 7,923

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 16,035 12,700 9,616

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 7,448 6,825 2,322

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 15,193 9,298 5,817

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 6,630 2,591 4,096

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 7,846 2,802 5,304

Race

One race6 ................................ 226,314 36,471 21,168 17,367

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 32,714 17,072 14,610

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 2,632 3,277 2,132

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 350 242 *112

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 770 552 506

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 † † †

Two or more races7 .......................... 3,191 646 348 173

Black or African American, white ................. 625 *73 *57 †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 403 183 *125

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 2,711 2,577 1,516

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 1,684 1,488 645

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 34,407 18,939 16,023

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 30,243 14,769 13,229

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 2,549 3,184 2,055

Education9

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 6,632 4,310 5,556

High school diploma or GED10 ................... 53,058 10,531 5,892 5,775

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 10,322 5,760 3,753

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 7,911 3,701 1,957

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 14,079 9,991 9,290

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 20,638 10,560 7,061

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 5,474 3,452 2,712

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 6,014 3,134 2,191

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 3,692 1,532 1,094

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 5,458 2,443 1,066

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 4,179 3,980 3,050

Near poor ................................ 36,390 6,563 4,498 4,157

Not poor ................................. 145,271 22,357 11,193 7,874

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 47

Table 11. Frequencies of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Selected sensory problems

aged Absence of

18 years Hearing Vision all natural

Selected characteristic and over trouble1 trouble2 teeth3

Health insurance coverage13 Number in thousands4

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 13,904 8,331 3,774

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 2,426 2,635 1,545

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 1,851 1,155 995

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 4,434 3,990 1,801

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 7,955 2,660 4,259

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 930 703 1,144

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 4,507 1,606 3,208

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 999 357 671

Uninsured ............................... 379 *62 *47 88

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 21,059 10,257 8,496

Widowed ................................. 13,676 5,013 2,411 3,966

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 5,181 3,603 2,651

Never married.............................. 49,249 3,742 3,718 1,641

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 2,093 1,516 784

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 16,334 9,730 7,456

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 12,524 7,257 5,754

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 8,260 4,529 4,328

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 6,158 3,304 2,957

Midwest ................................. 53,316 9,698 4,969 4,726

South ................................... 81,721 13,571 8,910 6,558

West ................................... 53,891 7,691 4,332 3,298

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 1,528 1,144 641

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 1,182 1,432 875

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 17,627 5,967 6,186

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 12,616 8,802 7,043

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 1,163 1,312 798

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 1,386 1,871 1,256

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%, and should be used with caution as they do not meet the standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

Respondents were asked, ‘‘These next questions are about your hearing WITHOUT the use of hearing aids or other listening devices. Is your hearing excellent, good, [do you have] a little trouble

hearing, moderate trouble, a lot of trouble, or are you deaf?’’ For this table, ‘‘a little trouble hearing,’’ ‘‘moderate trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf’’ are combined into one category. Data analysts

should note that this question contains more response levels than the 2006 version, which had the following categories: ‘‘good,’’ ‘‘a little trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf.’’ In 2006, hearing trouble

was defined by the following categories: ‘‘a little trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf.’’ Estimates of hearing trouble for 2007 may not be comparable with earlier years. A person may be represented in 

more than one column. 

2

Regarding their vision, respondents were asked, ‘‘Do you have any trouble seeing, even when wearing glasses or contact lenses?’’ Respondents were also asked, ‘‘Are you blind or unable to see at 

all?’’ For this table, ‘‘any trouble seeing’’ and ‘‘blind’’ are combined into one category. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

3

Respondents were asked, ‘‘Have you lost all of your upper and lower natural (permanent) teeth?’’ A person may be represented in more than one column. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I) but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 48 [ Series 10, No. 252

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 49

Table 12. Age-adjusted percentages of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected sensory problems

Absence of

Hearing Vision all natural 1 2 3 Selected characteristic trouble trouble teeth

Percent4 (standard error)

Total5 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total5 (crude) ..............................

15.7 (0.26)

16.2 (0.29)

9.1 (0.22)

9.4 (0.22)

7.5 (0.19)

7.6 (0.20)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19.1 (0.40)

12.7 (0.32)

7.9 (0.29)

10.3 (0.31)

7.4 (0.28)

7.6 (0.25)

Age6

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

6.7 (0.29)

18.9 (0.53)

31.2 (1.03)

45.2 (1.12)

6.2 (0.26)

11.6 (0.41)

12.2 (0.72)

16.1 (0.88)

2.1 (0.17)

7.3 (0.31)

19.3 (0.90)

30.5 (1.14)

Race

One race7 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races8 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

15.6 (0.26)

16.7 (0.30)

10.4 (0.49)

20.7 (3.25)

8.0 (0.74)

†

24.3 (2.58)

7.9 (2.35)

29.4 (3.61)

9.1 (0.22)

8.9 (0.25)

12.2 (0.60)

15.1 (2.72)

5.3 (0.62)

†

13.2 (1.90)

*8.8 (3.49)

14.2 (3.12)

7.5 (0.19)

7.4 (0.22)

9.1 (0.45)

6.6 (1.75)

5.4 (0.64)

†

8.2 (1.92)

12.2 (3.13)

*9.0 (2.71)

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

10.9 (0.58)

11.5 (0.82)

16.4 (0.29)

17.6 (0.34)

10.4 (0.49)

9.1 (0.52)

9.0 (0.70)

9.2 (0.24)

8.9 (0.28)

12.2 (0.62)

6.8 (0.45)

5.3 (0.57)

7.6 (0.21)

7.6 (0.24)

9.1 (0.46)

Education10

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED11 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

19.8 (0.76)

18.2 (0.56)

18.7 (0.55)

14.2 (0.51)

14.2 (0.72)

10.5 (0.44)

9.9 (0.45)

6.4 (0.37)

15.6 (0.63)

9.5 (0.40)

7.1 (0.38)

3.7 (0.28)

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

17.6 (0.46)

15.1 (0.34)

16.3 (0.65)

16.0 (0.65)

15.5 (0.86)

13.7 (0.71)

13.3 (0.43)

7.6 (0.26)

10.6 (0.61)

8.2 (0.50)

5.9 (0.55)

6.4 (0.51)

11.1 (0.33)

5.6 (0.25)

7.9 (0.48)

6.0 (0.44)

5.3 (0.63)

3.4 (0.46)

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

16.7 (0.69)

17.8 (0.65)

15.1 (0.33)

15.4 (0.69)

12.6 (0.62)

7.6 (0.25)

13.5 (0.62)

11.2 (0.52)

5.6 (0.23)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 50 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 12. Age-adjusted percentages of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected sensory problems

Absence of

Hearing Vision all natural

Selected characteristic trouble1 trouble2 teeth3

Health insurance coverage14 Percent4 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 10.2 (0.32) 6.4 (0.26) 2.8 (0.19)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 (0.88) 15.4 (0.93) 9.4 (0.68)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.7 (1.45) 11.9 (1.39) 8.2 (1.05)

Uninsured ............................... 11.7 (0.59) 10.3 (0.52) 4.8 (0.38)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 39.0 (1.13) 13.0 (0.79) 20.9 (0.93)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 35.6 (2.52) 26.6 (2.34) 43.7 (2.58)

Medicare only ............................ 36.2 (1.32) 12.9 (0.92) 25.8 (1.25)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.8 (3.03) 14.8 (2.21) 28.2 (3.13)

Uninsured ............................... *16.5 (5.45) *9.4 (3.62) *26.5 (8.07)

Marital status

Married .................................. 15.6 (0.36) 7.8 (0.31) 6.5 (0.26)

Widowed ................................. 16.4 (1.82) 12.5 (2.05) 12.8 (1.92)

Divorced or separated......................... 17.5 (0.72) 12.5 (0.69) 9.0 (0.58)

Never married.............................. 13.3 (0.70) 10.3 (0.62) 7.4 (0.61)

Living with a partner .......................... 18.4 (1.42) 9.8 (0.89) 8.3 (1.17)

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 13.6 (0.34) 7.9 (0.27) 6.4 (0.25)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.8 (0.49) 9.9 (0.38) 7.7 (0.37)

Not in MSA ............................... 20.3 (0.80) 11.7 (0.70) 10.4 (0.52)

Region

Northeast ................................ 14.0 (0.61) 7.8 (0.52) 6.7 (0.43)

Midwest ................................. 17.6 (0.59) 9.1 (0.43) 8.6 (0.44)

South ................................... 16.1 (0.43) 10.6 (0.40) 7.9 (0.32)

West ................................... 14.5 (0.51) 8.0 (0.40) 6.3 (0.37)

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 12.7 (0.93) 8.4 (0.70) 6.0 (0.63)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 9.3 (0.69) 10.0 (0.74) 7.5 (0.62)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 21.8 (0.52) 7.5 (0.36) 7.6 (0.35)

White, single race, female ..................... 13.9 (0.41) 10.3 (0.41) 7.5 (0.31)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11.2 (0.79) 11.8 (0.93) 8.4 (0.69)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 9.9 (0.68) 12.7 (0.79) 9.5 (0.62)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Respondents were asked, ‘‘These next questions are about your hearing WITHOUT the use of hearing aids or other listening devices. Is your hearing excellent, good, [do you have] a little trouble 

hearing, moderate trouble, a lot of trouble, or are you deaf?’’ For this table, ‘‘a little trouble hearing,’’ ‘‘moderate trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf’’ are combined into one category. Data analysts 

should note that this question contains more response levels that the 2006 version, which had the following categories: ‘‘good,’’ ‘‘a little trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf.’’ In 2006, hearing trouble 

was defined by the following categories: ‘‘a little trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf.’’ Estimates of hearing trouble for 2007 may not be comparable with earlier years. A person may be represented in 

more than one column. 

2

Regarding their vision, respondents were asked, ‘‘Do you have any trouble seeing, even when wearing glasses or contact lenses?’’ Respondents were also asked, ‘‘Are you blind or unable to see at 

all?’’ For this table, ‘‘any trouble seeing’’ and ‘‘blind’’ are combined into one category. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

3

Respondents were asked, ‘‘Have you lost all of your upper and lower natural (permanent) teeth?’’ A person may be represented in more than one column. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 51

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table IX in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 52 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 13. Frequencies of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons aged 18 years

and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected mental health characteristic1

Sadness Hopelessness Worthlessness Everything is an effort

All persons

aged All or All or All or All or

18 years most of Some of most of Some of most of Some of most of Some of

Selected characteristic and over the time the time the time the time the time the time the time the time

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 7,343 20,161 5,060 10,549 4,164 8,000 14,300 21,820

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 2,992 7,925 2,237 4,221 1,778 3,181 6,304 9,436

Female .................................. 118,576 4,351 12,236 2,823 6,327 2,386 4,819 7,995 12,384

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 3,195 8,855 2,221 4,927 1,755 3,519 6,900 11,125

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 3,101 7,621 2,309 4,254 1,817 3,371 5,364 7,661

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 527 2,032 316 782 310 583 973 1,633

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 520 1,653 214 586 281 527 1,062 1,400

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 7,176 19,740 4,924 10,357 4,052 7,813 13,872 21,358

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 5,707 15,378 4,049 8,309 3,313 6,336 10,452 17,102

Black or African American ..................... 27,807 1,205 3,279 697 1,504 610 1,106 2,779 3,170

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 *49 214 *36 130 *52 *64 202 213

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 208 824 143 405 78 278 431 863

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 † † – † – † † †

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 167 421 136 192 *111 187 428 462

Black or African American, white ................. 625 *24 *119 † † † *36 *87 *50

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 *72 173 *46 *116 *54 *93 193 218

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 1,350 3,252 966 1,806 673 1,142 2,065 2,784

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 19,712 739 1,867 492 1,125 363 646 1,139 1,644

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 5,993 16,909 4,094 8,743 3,490 6,858 12,235 19,036

White, single race .......................... 156,119 4,499 12,356 3,165 6,655 2,738 5,268 8,688 14,553

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 1,136 3,210 670 1,468 572 1,095 2,683 3,107

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 1,868 4,063 1,233 2,124 941 1,861 2,964 3,273

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 2,188 5,796 1,271 3,121 1,281 2,117 4,107 5,296

Some college .............................. 56,710 1,818 4,961 1,505 2,492 1,165 2,130 3,602 5,622

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 837 2,837 619 1,590 383 1,109 1,596 4,562

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 4,395 10,264 3,127 5,149 2,659 4,049 7,977 8,917

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 2,614 9,127 1,723 5,004 1,429 3,690 5,743 11,894

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 873 3,016 605 1,551 541 1,152 2,098 2,898

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 868 2,863 530 1,564 480 1,079 1,739 3,390

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 398 1,537 168 948 188 696 858 2,436

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 475 1,711 420 940 220 763 1,048 3,170

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 2,268 4,549 1,598 2,520 1,321 1,834 3,766 3,885

Near poor ................................ 36,390 1,630 4,358 1,149 2,426 951 1,918 3,287 4,242

Not poor ................................. 145,271 2,800 9,387 1,981 4,890 1,678 3,670 6,033 12,124

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 53

Table 13. Frequencies of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons aged 18 years

and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected mental health characteristic1

Sadness Hopelessness Worthlessness Everything is an effort

All persons

aged All or All or All or All or

18 years most of Some of most of Some of most of Some of most of Some of

Selected characteristic and over the time the time the time the time the time the time the time the time

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 2,211 7,545 1,449 3,921 1,209 2,885 4,991 10,438

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 1,413 3,048 1,020 1,663 876 1,275 2,645 2,530

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 589 1,185 434 726 428 562 1,086 993

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 2,052 4,547 1,606 2,833 1,060 2,117 3,511 4,735

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 482 1,756 204 609 223 434 942 1,571

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 169 390 135 171 126 168 278 346

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 336 1,260 156 474 205 398 633 910

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 *60 221 *30 89 *37 *75 151 158

Uninsured ............................... 379 – *48 – † – † † *48

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 2,851 8,472 1,959 4,502 1,692 3,511 5,674 10,491

Widowed ................................. 13,676 694 1,968 341 851 353 645 1,096 1,354

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 1,586 3,411 1,166 1,775 884 1,440 2,506 2,955

Never married.............................. 49,249 1,759 4,684 1,243 2,546 959 1,766 3,624 5,110

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 448 1,610 351 856 276 624 1,400 1,863

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 3,579 10,095 2,464 5,104 1,908 3,742 6,999 11,260

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 2,411 6,545 1,689 3,591 1,390 2,639 4,534 6,802

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 1,353 3,521 907 1,854 866 1,619 2,767 3,758

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 1,500 3,806 849 1,904 768 1,314 2,125 3,551

Midwest ................................. 53,316 1,358 4,312 1,091 2,222 908 1,761 3,222 5,110

South ................................... 81,721 2,897 7,503 1,841 3,885 1,502 3,083 5,878 8,018

West ................................... 53,891 1,589 4,540 1,279 2,537 986 1,841 3,074 5,141

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 583 1,442 435 748 323 393 1,019 1,264

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 767 1,810 531 1,058 350 749 1,047 1,520

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 1,904 4,699 1,458 2,683 1,207 2,167 3,734 6,330

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 2,594 7,657 1,708 3,972 1,530 3,101 4,955 8,223

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 365 1,215 246 482 202 355 1,124 1,256

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 771 1,995 424 986 370 740 1,558 1,851

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In four separate questions, respondents were asked how often in the past 30 days they felt: so sad that nothing could cheer them up, hopeless, worthless, or that everything was an effort. 

Respondents could choose from among five response categories: ‘‘All of the time,’’ ‘‘Most of the time,’’ ‘‘Some of the time,’’ ‘‘A little of the time,’’ or ‘‘None of the time.’’ For this table, ‘‘All’’ and ‘‘Most’’ 

are combined, and ‘‘Some’’ is shown separately. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I) but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 54 [ Series 10, No. 252

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 55

Table 14. Age-adjusted percentages of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected mental health characteristics1

Sadness Hopelessness Worthlessness Everything is an effort

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ..................

Total3 (crude).......................

3.2 (0.13)

3.2 (0.13)

8.8 (0.21)

8.8 (0.21)

2.2 (0.10)

2.2 (0.11)

4.6 (0.15)

4.6 (0.15)

1.8 (0.10)

1.8 (0.10)

3.5 (0.14)

3.5 (0.14)

6.3 (0.18)

6.3 (0.18)

9.6 (0.23)

9.6 (0.22)

Sex

Male ............................

Female. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.7 (0.18)

3.6 (0.18)

7.2 (0.28)

10.2 (0.30)

2.0 (0.15)

2.3 (0.14)

3.8 (0.20)

5.3 (0.22)

1.6 (0.14)

2.0 (0.13)

2.8 (0.18)

4.0 (0.19)

5.7 (0.25)

6.7 (0.24)

8.6 (0.33)

10.5 (0.30)

Age4

18–44 years........................

45–64 years........................

65–74 years........................

75 years and over ....................

2.9 (0.18)

3.9 (0.23)

2.5 (0.31)

3.0 (0.38)

8.0 (0.29)

9.6 (0.37)

9.6 (0.65)

9.6 (0.67)

2.0 (0.14)

2.9 (0.21)

1.5 (0.23)

1.2 (0.22)

4.5 (0.21)

5.3 (0.29)

3.7 (0.37)

3.4 (0.41)

1.6 (0.13)

2.3 (0.18)

1.5 (0.23)

1.6 (0.29)

3.2 (0.18)

4.2 (0.26)

2.8 (0.34)

3.1 (0.39)

6.3 (0.26)

6.7 (0.31)

4.6 (0.47)

6.2 (0.61)

10.1 (0.33)

9.6 (0.39)

7.7 (0.57)

8.2 (0.65)

Race

One race5 .........................

White ..........................

Black or African American ..............

American Indian or Alaska Native .........

Asian ..........................

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ....

Two or more races6 ...................

Black or African American, white..........

American Indian or Alaska Native, white .....

3.1 (0.13)

3.0 (0.15)

4.3 (0.34)

*2.7 (0.98)

1.9 (0.36)

†

5.3 (1.16)

*3.4 (1.55)

*5.2 (1.91)

8.7 (0.21)

8.2 (0.24)

11.8 (0.60)

14.3 (3.53)

7.8 (0.76)

*14.5 (6.76)

13.0 (1.92)

21.4 (6.03)

13.3 (3.22)

2.1 (0.10)

2.1 (0.12)

2.4 (0.26)

*2.0 (0.90)

1.3 (0.30)

–

4.3 (1.12)

†

*3.3 (1.48)

4.6 (0.15)

4.5 (0.17)

5.4 (0.39)

7.3 (1.82)

3.7 (0.50)

10.3 (1.38)

5.4 (1.30)

†

*8.4 (2.70)

1.8 (0.10)

1.8 (0.11)

2.2 (0.26)

*2.6 (1.15)

0.8 (0.21)

–

*3.5 (1.11)

†

*3.4 (1.66)

3.4 (0.14)

3.4 (0.16)

3.9 (0.36)

*3.5 (1.11)

2.6 (0.42)

†

5.4 (1.10)

†

*6.5 (2.27)

6.2 (0.18)

5.6 (0.20)

9.8 (0.53)

11.0 (2.58)

4.0 (0.56)

†

12.6 (1.80)

*9.3 (3.12)

13.6 (3.39)

9.5 (0.22)

9.4 (0.25)

11.3 (0.55)

13.3 (2.99)

7.8 (0.75)

†

15.0 (2.45)

*9.1 (3.62)

16.6 (3.94)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ....................

Mexican or Mexican American ...........

Not Hispanic or Latino .................

White, single race. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race ......

4.6 (0.37)

4.0 (0.48)

3.0 (0.14)

2.8 (0.16)

4.2 (0.34)

10.6 (0.54)

9.9 (0.67)

8.5 (0.23)

7.8 (0.27)

12.0 (0.62)

3.3 (0.31)

2.7 (0.39)

2.1 (0.11)

2.0 (0.13)

2.4 (0.27)

5.8 (0.37)

5.8 (0.50)

4.4 (0.17)

4.2 (0.19)

5.5 (0.40)

2.3 (0.25)

2.1 (0.32)

1.7 (0.11)

1.7 (0.12)

2.1 (0.26)

3.7 (0.31)

3.5 (0.40)

3.4 (0.15)

3.3 (0.18)

4.1 (0.38)

6.5 (0.45)

6.0 (0.57)

6.2 (0.20)

5.6 (0.23)

9.9 (0.55)

8.8 (0.49)

8.5 (0.61)

9.8 (0.25)

9.5 (0.29)

11.5 (0.57)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma ...........

High school diploma or GED9 .............

Some college .......................

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..............

6.8 (0.51)

4.2 (0.29)

3.2 (0.25)

1.3 (0.15)

14.4 (0.70)

10.9 (0.48)

8.8 (0.40)

4.7 (0.30)

4.5 (0.41)

2.4 (0.22)

2.6 (0.23)

1.0 (0.14)

7.7 (0.52)

6.0 (0.37)

4.3 (0.28)

2.6 (0.23)

3.3 (0.36)

2.4 (0.23)

2.0 (0.20)

0.6 (0.11)

6.6 (0.53)

4.0 (0.30)

3.7 (0.27)

1.8 (0.19)

10.9 (0.67)

7.8 (0.41)

6.3 (0.33)

2.7 (0.23)

11.5 (0.61)

10.2 (0.47)

9.9 (0.44)

7.4 (0.36)

Family income10

Less than $35,000....................

$35,000 or more .....................

$35,000–$49,999 ...................

$50,000–$74,999 ...................

$75,000–$99,999 ...................

$100,000 or more ...................

6.1 (0.29)

1.8 (0.13)

2.7 (0.32)

2.3 (0.27)

1.4 (0.26)

1.0 (0.20)

14.0 (0.42)

6.5 (0.25)

9.6 (0.59)

7.4 (0.52)

5.9 (0.57)

4.0 (0.43)

4.4 (0.25)

1.2 (0.10)

1.9 (0.26)

1.3 (0.21)

0.6 (0.15)

0.9 (0.19)

7.2 (0.31)

3.5 (0.19)

5.0 (0.43)

4.0 (0.37)

3.4 (0.42)

2.4 (0.34)

3.7 (0.23)

1.0 (0.10)

1.7 (0.25)

1.2 (0.20)

0.6 (0.17)

0.5 (0.15)

5.6 (0.30)

2.6 (0.15)

3.7 (0.34)

2.8 (0.31)

2.5 (0.37)

1.9 (0.29)

11.1 (0.40)

4.1 (0.20)

6.7 (0.50)

4.5 (0.40)

3.2 (0.42)

2.6 (0.37)

12.3 (0.40)

8.5 (0.28)

9.3 (0.58)

8.8 (0.52)

9.1 (0.66)

7.6 (0.56)

Poverty status11

Poor ............................

Near poor .........................

Not poor ..........................

8.1 (0.51)

4.6 (0.38)

1.9 (0.13)

16.6 (0.72)

12.2 (0.58)

6.5 (0.23)

5.7 (0.43)

3.3 (0.30)

1.3 (0.11)

9.0 (0.55)

6.9 (0.48)

3.3 (0.18)

4.7 (0.38)

2.7 (0.27)

1.1 (0.10)

6.6 (0.50)

5.4 (0.43)

2.5 (0.15)

13.3 (0.65)

9.2 (0.52)

4.2 (0.19)

13.8 (0.61)

11.9 (0.58)

8.5 (0.28)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 56 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 14. Age-adjusted percentages of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected mental health characteristics1

Sadness Hopelessness Worthlessness Everything is an effort

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Health insurance coverage12 Percent2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Medicaid ........................

Other ..........................

Uninsured........................

65 years and over:

Private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Medicare and Medicaid ...............

Medicare only .....................

Other ..........................

Uninsured........................

1.7 (0.12)

8.1 (0.66)

6.7 (1.07)

5.1 (0.38)

2.4 (0.34)

6.6 (1.31)

2.7 (0.42)

*2.6 (0.79)

–

6.0 (0.25)

17.6 (0.91)

13.9 (1.49)

11.3 (0.53)

8.6 (0.64)

14.9 (1.93)

10.2 (0.84)

9.3 (1.55)

*9.5 (3.56)

1.1 (0.10)

5.9 (0.57)

5.5 (1.05)

4.0 (0.36)

1.0 (0.20)

5.0 (1.00)

1.3 (0.25)

*1.3 (0.54)

–

3.1 (0.18)

9.6 (0.71)

7.6 (0.99)

7.1 (0.45)

3.0 (0.37)

6.6 (1.22)

3.8 (0.52)

3.8 (1.01)

†

0.9 (0.09)

5.0 (0.51)

5.6 (1.10)

2.7 (0.29)

1.1 (0.23)

4.7 (0.98)

1.7 (0.33)

*1.6 (0.62)

–

2.3 (0.14)

7.4 (0.66)

5.8 (0.84)

5.3 (0.39)

2.1 (0.32)

6.8 (1.39)

3.2 (0.47)

*3.1 (0.99)

†

4.1 (0.20)

15.2 (0.85)

12.2 (1.30)

8.7 (0.48)

4.6 (0.47)

10.7 (1.76)

5.2 (0.65)

6.4 (1.59)

†

8.6 (0.31)

14.5 (0.88)

12.1 (1.43)

11.7 (0.57)

7.7 (0.61)

13.2 (1.71)

7.4 (0.67)

6.6 (1.48)

*9.6 (3.78)

Marital status

Married. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Widowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Divorced or separated .................

Never married ......................

Living with a partner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2 (0.15)

11.0 (2.73)

6.1 (0.50)

3.5 (0.31)

2.6 (0.45)

6.7 (0.27)

15.0 (2.64)

13.0 (0.66)

10.5 (0.60)

9.9 (0.92)

1.5 (0.13)

5.7 (1.65)

4.5 (0.42)

2.6 (0.27)

2.0 (0.41)

3.6 (0.20)

7.7 (2.02)

6.7 (0.49)

5.6 (0.44)

5.0 (0.59)

1.3 (0.13)

*4.7 (1.93)

3.3 (0.36)

2.1 (0.24)

1.6 (0.38)

2.8 (0.17)

5.7 (1.33)

5.1 (0.43)

3.7 (0.34)

3.9 (0.56)

4.6 (0.23)

9.8 (2.09)

9.5 (0.57)

7.3 (0.46)

8.2 (0.73)

8.5 (0.31)

12.5 (3.11)

11.6 (0.62)

10.3 (0.56)

12.0 (1.17)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ........................

Small MSA ........................

Not in MSA ........................

2.9 (0.17)

3.3 (0.24)

3.7 (0.34)

8.4 (0.27)

9.1 (0.38)

9.6 (0.59)

2.0 (0.14)

2.3 (0.20)

2.4 (0.27)

4.2 (0.20)

5.0 (0.28)

5.2 (0.40)

1.5 (0.12)

1.9 (0.18)

2.3 (0.30)

3.1 (0.17)

3.7 (0.26)

4.4 (0.42)

5.8 (0.25)

6.4 (0.31)

7.5 (0.48)

9.4 (0.31)

9.5 (0.39)

10.5 (0.65)

Region

Northeast .........................

Midwest ..........................

South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West ............................

3.7 (0.36)

2.6 (0.25)

3.5 (0.22)

2.9 (0.24)

9.3 (0.55)

8.2 (0.39)

9.1 (0.37)

8.4 (0.43)

2.1 (0.25)

2.0 (0.23)

2.2 (0.16)

2.3 (0.22)

4.7 (0.38)

4.2 (0.29)

4.7 (0.26)

4.7 (0.31)

1.9 (0.27)

1.7 (0.21)

1.8 (0.16)

1.8 (0.19)

3.3 (0.32)

3.3 (0.32)

3.7 (0.24)

3.4 (0.25)

5.3 (0.44)

6.1 (0.38)

7.3 (0.32)

5.7 (0.33)

8.7 (0.54)

9.8 (0.51)

9.9 (0.38)

9.6 (0.43)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ................

Hispanic or Latina, female ...............

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...............

White, single race, female..............

Black or African American, single race, male . .

Black or African American, single race, female .

3.8 (0.51)

5.3 (0.53)

2.5 (0.23)

3.2 (0.23)

3.0 (0.44)

5.2 (0.49)

9.2 (0.77)

12.0 (0.74)

6.2 (0.34)

9.3 (0.38)

10.1 (0.88)

13.5 (0.81)

2.8 (0.46)

3.7 (0.41)

1.9 (0.20)

2.1 (0.19)

2.0 (0.34)

2.8 (0.40)

4.7 (0.52)

6.9 (0.56)

3.5 (0.26)

4.9 (0.27)

4.0 (0.53)

6.6 (0.59)

2.0 (0.36)

2.5 (0.35)

1.6 (0.18)

1.9 (0.16)

1.8 (0.34)

2.5 (0.39)

2.7 (0.42)

4.9 (0.49)

2.8 (0.24)

3.8 (0.24)

3.1 (0.49)

4.9 (0.54)

6.2 (0.62)

6.9 (0.58)

4.9 (0.33)

6.1 (0.31)

9.2 (0.80)

10.4 (0.70)

7.5 (0.69)

9.9 (0.67)

8.7 (0.42)

10.3 (0.38)

10.5 (0.83)

12.4 (0.78)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In four separate questions, respondents were asked how often in the past 30 days they felt: so sad that nothing could cheer them up, hopeless, worthless, or that everything was an effort. 

Respondents could choose from among five response categories: ‘‘All of the time,’’ ‘‘Most of the time,’’ ‘‘Some of the time,’’ ‘‘A little of the time,’’ or ‘‘None of the time.’’ For this table, ‘‘All’’ and ‘‘Most’’ 

are combined, and ‘‘Some’’ is shown separately. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 57

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 years (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table X in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 58 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 15. Frequencies of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

All persons Nervousness1 Restlessness1

aged

18 years All or most Some of All or most Some of

Selected characteristic and over of the time the time of the time the time

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 10,593 29,436 14,301 30,088

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 4,261 12,263 6,450 13,521

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 6,332 17,172 7,850 16,567

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 5,179 15,552 7,231 15,267

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 4,254 10,196 5,535 10,912

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 682 2,140 849 2,412

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 477 1,548 686 1,497

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 10,410 28,809 13,965 29,564

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 9,012 24,402 11,426 24,541

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 1,079 3,136 2,067 3,865

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 125 183 *193 230

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 193 1,079 256 900

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 – † † †

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 183 627 336 524

Black or African American, white ................. 625 † 152 *54 134

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 *108 295 201 165

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 1,661 3,686 1,786 3,213

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 897 2,342 939 2,007

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 8,931 25,750 12,514 26,876

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 7,495 21,022 9,810 21,631

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 1,030 3,025 2,026 3,791

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 2,286 3,813 2,733 3,980

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 2,803 6,415 3,877 7,008

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 2,727 7,601 3,833 7,817

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 1,395 6,796 1,802 6,835

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 5,443 10,937 7,098 11,165

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 4,724 17,410 6,648 17,684

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 1,401 4,415 2,060 4,344

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 1,373 4,741 2,066 4,779

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 904 3,154 943 3,252

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 1,046 5,101 1,579 5,309

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 2,789 4,492 3,425 4,792

Near poor ................................ 36,390 2,194 5,401 2,936 5,226

Not poor ................................. 145,271 4,973 17,459 7,088 17,888

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 59

Table 15. Frequencies of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Nervousness1 Restlessness1

aged

18 years All or most Some of All or most Some of

Selected characteristic and over of the time the time of the time the time

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 4,162 15,299 5,560 15,778

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 1,779 3,062 2,494 3,197

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 762 1,322 997 1,350

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 2,690 5,941 3,588 5,738

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 510 1,825 718 1,925

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 243 429 243 430

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 344 1,258 462 1,323

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 *63 133 100 194

Uninsured ............................... 379 – *42 † †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 4,750 14,131 6,126 14,535

Widowed ................................. 13,676 647 1,580 782 1,594

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 1,780 3,915 2,392 3,969

Never married.............................. 49,249 2,507 7,098 3,395 7,276

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 903 2,693 1,583 2,678

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 5,119 15,422 6,817 15,152

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 3,401 9,475 4,671 9,500

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 2,073 4,539 2,813 5,436

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 1,863 5,536 2,535 5,476

Midwest ................................. 53,316 2,352 7,038 3,411 6,937

South ................................... 81,721 3,974 9,863 5,448 10,769

West ................................... 53,891 2,404 6,999 2,907 6,907

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 726 1,701 835 1,432

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 935 1,985 951 1,781

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 3,046 8,795 4,569 10,010

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 4,449 12,228 5,241 11,621

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 350 1,046 733 1,445

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 680 1,979 1,293 2,347

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

In two separate questions, respondents were asked how often they felt nervous or restless in the past 30 days. Respondents could choose among five response categories: ‘‘All of the time,’’ ‘‘Most of 

the time,’’ ‘‘Some of the time,’’ ‘‘A little of the time,’’ or ‘‘None of the time.’’ For this table, ‘‘All’’ and ‘‘Most’’ are combined, and ‘‘Some’’ is shown separately. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I) but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 60 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 61

Table 16. Age-adjusted percentages of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

Nervousness1 Restlessness1

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) .........................

Total3 (crude) ..............................

4.6 (0.16)

4.6 (0.16)

13.0 (0.27)

12.9 (0.27)

6.2 (0.19)

6.3 (0.19)

13.2 (0.26)

13.2 (0.26)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.8 (0.22)

5.4 (0.22)

11.2 (0.36)

14.6 (0.38)

5.8 (0.28)

6.6 (0.25)

12.2 (0.37)

14.0 (0.35)

Age4

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

4.7 (0.24)

5.3 (0.28)

3.2 (0.37)

2.8 (0.33)

14.1 (0.38)

12.8 (0.44)

10.1 (0.67)

9.0 (0.62)

6.6 (0.28)

6.9 (0.30)

4.0 (0.43)

4.0 (0.47)

13.9 (0.39)

13.7 (0.45)

11.4 (0.67)

8.7 (0.66)

Race

One race5 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races6 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

4.6 (0.16)

4.9 (0.19)

3.9 (0.31)

6.6 (1.57)

1.8 (0.33)

–

5.7 (1.27)

†

*7.9 (2.54)

12.9 (0.27)

13.4 (0.32)

11.3 (0.57)

9.6 (2.09)

9.6 (0.82)

10.3 (1.38)

19.7 (2.42)

21.9 (5.52)

21.6 (3.93)

6.2 (0.19)

6.2 (0.22)

7.2 (0.46)

10.1 (2.92)

2.4 (0.41)

†

10.8 (1.75)

*7.5 (3.19)

13.8 (3.21)

13.1 (0.27)

13.4 (0.31)

13.9 (0.64)

13.4 (2.54)

8.0 (0.79)

*8.5 (4.05)

16.0 (2.29)

16.8 (4.72)

12.7 (3.11)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

5.4 (0.42)

4.7 (0.52)

4.6 (0.18)

4.9 (0.22)

3.8 (0.31)

11.6 (0.53)

12.1 (0.73)

13.3 (0.31)

13.9 (0.37)

11.3 (0.59)

5.6 (0.41)

4.8 (0.52)

6.4 (0.21)

6.4 (0.25)

7.4 (0.47)

10.3 (0.52)

10.6 (0.71)

13.8 (0.30)

14.2 (0.35)

14.2 (0.66)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED9 ....................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

8.3 (0.54)

5.4 (0.34)

4.8 (0.31)

2.2 (0.22)

13.3 (0.66)

12.4 (0.53)

13.2 (0.48)

11.0 (0.47)

10.1 (0.63)

7.5 (0.40)

6.7 (0.38)

2.9 (0.26)

13.7 (0.70)

13.5 (0.55)

13.6 (0.50)

11.0 (0.44)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

7.6 (0.32)

3.3 (0.18)

4.5 (0.43)

3.5 (0.33)

3.2 (0.44)

2.4 (0.31)

15.0 (0.44)

12.3 (0.35)

14.2 (0.70)

12.1 (0.62)

11.9 (0.81)

11.4 (0.62)

9.9 (0.36)

4.7 (0.23)

6.6 (0.54)

5.2 (0.39)

3.4 (0.39)

4.0 (0.47)

15.4 (0.43)

12.4 (0.35)

13.9 (0.72)

12.3 (0.64)

12.2 (0.79)

11.6 (0.65)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

9.9 (0.54)

6.2 (0.42)

3.4 (0.19)

16.1 (0.72)

15.1 (0.68)

12.2 (0.34)

12.0 (0.61)

8.4 (0.51)

4.9 (0.23)

17.1 (0.71)

14.6 (0.64)

12.4 (0.34)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 62 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 16. Age-adjusted percentages of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Nervousness1 Restlessness1

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Health insurance coverage12

Under 65 years:

Private .................................

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uninsured ...............................

65 years and over:

Private .................................

Medicare and Medicaid ......................

Medicare only ............................

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uninsured ...............................

3.4 (0.20)

10.3 (0.70)

9.1 (1.28)

6.7 (0.44)

2.5 (0.34)

9.2 (1.46)

2.8 (0.40)

*2.7 (0.85)

–

Percent2 (standard error)

12.7 (0.38) 4.5 (0.23)

17.4 (0.96) 14.3 (0.87)

15.6 (1.50) 11.6 (1.39)

14.7 (0.67) 8.9 (0.50)

9.0 (0.62) 3.5 (0.46)

16.3 (1.95) 9.3 (1.65)

10.0 (0.87) 3.7 (0.50)

5.5 (1.26) 4.3 (1.27)

*8.4 (3.54) †

13.0 (0.37)

18.2 (1.01)

16.3 (1.41)

14.3 (0.62)

9.4 (0.65)

16.2 (1.80)

10.5 (0.86)

8.1 (1.56)

†

Marital status

Married ..................................

Widowed .................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Never married..............................

Living with a partner ..........................

3.8 (0.22)

6.6 (1.65)

6.9 (0.52)

5.3 (0.41)

4.9 (0.58)

11.5 (0.37)

16.2 (3.07)

15.5 (0.76)

14.1 (0.65)

15.7 (1.04)

4.9 (0.26)

9.4 (2.63)

9.1 (0.58)

6.6 (0.42)

9.0 (0.84)

11.6 (0.34)

18.0 (3.35)

15.8 (0.79)

14.3 (0.65)

16.5 (1.20)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ...............................

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not in MSA ...............................

4.2 (0.21)

4.7 (0.31)

5.7 (0.41)

12.8 (0.35)

13.3 (0.49)

12.8 (0.83)

5.6 (0.24)

6.6 (0.34)

8.0 (0.59)

12.5 (0.36)

13.3 (0.50)

15.2 (0.66)

Region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

4.5 (0.39)

4.4 (0.34)

4.9 (0.29)

4.4 (0.29)

13.9 (0.81)

13.6 (0.60)

12.1 (0.42)

13.0 (0.49)

6.3 (0.50)

6.5 (0.39)

6.7 (0.33)

5.3 (0.34)

13.5 (0.64)

13.3 (0.55)

13.2 (0.44)

12.8 (0.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male .......................

Hispanic or Latina, female ......................

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ......................

White, single race, female .....................

Black or African American, single race, male .........

Black or African American, single race, female ........

4.6 (0.60)

6.2 (0.58)

4.1 (0.30)

5.7 (0.31)

3.0 (0.41)

4.6 (0.48)

10.3 (0.76)

13.0 (0.75)

12.0 (0.48)

15.6 (0.50)

8.8 (0.82)

13.4 (0.85)

5.2 (0.62)

6.2 (0.55)

6.2 (0.36)

6.6 (0.33)

6.0 (0.63)

8.6 (0.66)

8.8 (0.71)

11.8 (0.73)

13.6 (0.50)

14.7 (0.47)

12.3 (0.92)

15.8 (0.94)

– Quantity zero.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision. 

1

In two separate questions, respondents were asked how often they felt nervous or restless in the past 30 days. Respondents could choose among five response categories: ‘‘All of the time,’’ ‘‘Most of 

the time,’’ ‘‘Some of the time,’’ ‘‘A little of the time,’’ or ‘‘None of the time.’’ For this table, ‘‘All’’ and ‘‘Most’’ are combined, and ‘‘Some’’ is shown separately. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 63

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XI in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 64 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 17. Frequencies of work-loss days among employed persons aged 18 years and over in past 12 months, and numbers of work-loss

days per employed person; and frequencies of bed days among all persons aged 18 years and over in past 12 months, and numbers of bed

days per person, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Employed persons All persons

Selected characteristic

All employed

persons aged

18 years and over

Work-loss

days in the

past 12 months1

Work-loss

days per

person

All persons

aged 18 years

and over

Bed days in

the past

12 months1

Bed days

per person

Number in thousands2

Mean

(standard

error) Number in thousands2

Mean

(standard

error)

Total3 ................................... 155,262 587,578 3.8 (0.16) 229,505 1,125,191 4.9 (0.17)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female ..................................

81,412

73,850

274,839

312,739

3.4 (0.23)

4.2 (0.22)

110,929

118,576

438,793

686,398

4.0 (0.25)

5.8 (0.26)

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

88,540

59,041

6,131

1,550

272,997

285,502

24,435

*4,644

3.1 (0.15)

4.9 (0.35)

4.0 (0.61)

*3.0 (1.38)

110,615

80,198

21,291

17,401

369,372

508,547

112,560

134,712

3.4 (0.18)

6.4 (0.35)

5.3 (0.65)

7.8 (1.06)

Race

One race4 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American .....................

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races5 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

152,946

126,282

17,629

1,175

7,655

204

2,316

517

909

579,510

479,113

77,178

5,272

17,222

†

8,068

1,308

2,803

3.8 (0.16)

3.8 (0.19)

4.4 (0.41)

4.5 (1.07)

2.3 (0.43)

†

3.5 (0.52)

2.5 (0.55)

3.1 (0.78)

226,314

185,330

27,807

1,795

11,096

284

3,191

625

1,394

1,100,820

907,658

153,689

*7,056

31,411

†

24,372

*3,531

15,067

4.9 (0.18)

4.9 (0.20)

5.6 (0.42)

*4.0 (1.20)

2.9 (0.64)

†

7.7 (1.44)

*5.6 (2.37)

11.0 (2.99)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American ..................

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race ..........................

Black or African American, single race .............

22,273

13,739

132,989

106,033

16,822

74,308

37,273

513,270

412,108

73,616

3.3 (0.35)

2.7 (0.35)

3.9 (0.18)

3.9 (0.21)

4.4 (0.42)

32,094

19,712

197,411

156,119

26,689

102,694

57,631

1,022,497

818,603

149,569

3.2 (0.29)

2.9 (0.33)

5.2 (0.20)

5.3 (0.23)

5.7 (0.44)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED8 ....................

Some college ..............................

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

13,049

32,164

39,755

48,309

57,477

147,054

180,038

148,955

4.4 (0.59)

4.6 (0.42)

4.5 (0.36)

3.1 (0.20)

28,159

53,058

56,710

61,185

221,316

305,829

332,516

192,402

7.9 (0.65)

5.8 (0.45)

5.9 (0.38)

3.2 (0.28)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

38,123

109,490

21,363

28,827

21,436

37,865

165,660

395,712

64,560

108,728

90,371

132,053

4.4 (0.34)

3.6 (0.19)

3.0 (0.22)

3.8 (0.32)

4.2 (0.53)

3.5 (0.34)

74,281

141,904

31,868

38,780

26,379

44,877

610,239

476,753

136,393

146,324

71,861

122,175

8.3 (0.40)

3.4 (0.19)

4.3 (0.46)

3.8 (0.41)

2.7 (0.29)

2.7 (0.34)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

13,584

21,003

110,776

46,411

80,481

423,919

3.4 (0.50)

3.8 (0.36)

3.8 (0.20)

28,677

36,390

145,271

279,672

241,911

534,288

9.9 (0.66)

6.7 (0.51)

3.7 (0.20)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 65

Table 17. Frequencies of work-loss days among employed persons aged 18 years and over in past 12 months, and numbers of work-loss

days per employed person; and frequencies of bed days among all persons aged 18 years and over in past 12 months, and numbers of bed

days per person, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Employed persons All persons

Selected characteristic

All employed

persons aged

18 years and over

Work-loss

days in the

past 12 months1

Work-loss

days per

person

All persons

aged 18 years

and over

Bed days in

the past

12 months1

Bed days

per person

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Mean

(standard

error) Number in thousands2

Mean

(standard

error)

Under 65 years:

Private .................................

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uninsured ...............................

65 years and over:

Private .................................

Medicare and Medicaid ......................

Medicare only ............................

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uninsured ...............................

106,043

7,869

3,488

29,519

4,850

75

2,161

468

110

402,005

47,166

13,180

95,545

18,033

†

*8,888

†

†

3.8 (0.19)

6.1 (1.24)

3.8 (0.80)

3.2 (0.29)

3.7 (0.66)

†

4.2 (1.24)

*3.1 (1.55)

†

123,257

18,030

8,012

40,684

20,579

2,633

12,633

2,406

379

340,320

242,612

129,357

164,107

123,860

38,889

69,100

*14,684

†

2.8 (0.14)

13.7 (1.02)

16.4 (1.96)

4.1 (0.41)

6.0 (0.85)

15.0 (2.85)

5.5 (0.97)

*6.2 (2.07)

†

Marital status

Married ..................................

Widowed .................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Never married..............................

Living with a partner ..........................

86,431

2,902

17,626

35,565

12,564

316,572

16,014

95,075

111,311

48,315

3.7 (0.23)

5.6 (0.84)

5.4 (0.56)

3.1 (0.23)

3.9 (0.49)

124,307

13,676

26,083

49,249

15,915

505,393

113,114

231,149

187,544

87,444

4.1 (0.23)

8.4 (1.03)

9.0 (0.65)

3.8 (0.31)

5.5 (0.82)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ...............................

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not in MSA ...............................

84,107

48,741

22,414

317,352

182,824

87,402

3.8 (0.23)

3.8 (0.28)

3.9 (0.31)

121,307

71,921

36,277

538,996

348,825

237,370

4.5 (0.24)

4.9 (0.29)

6.6 (0.51)

Region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

27,043

36,932

54,415

36,873

114,605

139,602

207,512

125,858

4.3 (0.51)

3.8 (0.36)

3.8 (0.25)

3.4 (0.25)

40,577

53,316

81,721

53,891

175,110

272,266

427,483

250,333

4.3 (0.39)

5.1 (0.39)

5.3 (0.31)

4.7 (0.31)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male .......................

Hispanic or Latina, female ......................

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ......................

White, single race, female .....................

Black or African American, single race, male .........

Black or African American, single race, female ........

13,273

9,000

55,501

50,532

7,525

9,298

39,647

34,661

198,149

213,959

27,052

46,564

3.0 (0.44)

3.9 (0.56)

3.6 (0.31)

4.2 (0.28)

3.6 (0.58)

5.0 (0.60)

16,529

15,565

75,723

80,396

11,959

14,730

43,611

59,083

327,906

490,697

49,923

99,646

2.7 (0.43)

3.8 (0.38)

4.3 (0.34)

6.1 (0.34)

4.2 (0.53)

6.9 (0.67)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

†Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 1

Respondents who had worked during the past year were asked, ‘‘During the past 12 months, about how many days did you miss work at a job or business because of illness or injury (do not include 

maternity leave)?’’ In addition, all respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past 12 months, about how many days did illness or injury keep you in the bed more than half of the day (include days while an 

overnight patient in a hospital)?’’ 

2

Unknowns for the columns ‘‘Work-loss days in past 12 months’’ and ‘‘Bed days in past 12 months’’ were not included in the denominators when calculating rates in the columns for ‘‘days per person’’ 

(see Appendix I). They are, however, included in the columns ‘‘All employed persons aged 18 years and over’’ and ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over.’’ The numbers in this table are rounded. 3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 66 [ Series 10, No. 252

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 67

Table 18. Frequencies of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

All persons Climb up

aged Any Walk 10 steps Stoop, Reach Grasp or Lift or Push or

18 years physical quarter without Stand for Sit for bend, or over handle carry pull large

Selected characteristic and over difficulty2 of a mile resting 2 hours 2 hours kneel head small objects 10 pounds objects

Number in thousands3

Total4 ............................ 229,505 35,847 16,747 11,855 21,319 7,350 21,033 6,131 3,965 10,132 14,532

Sex

Male ............................ 110,929 13,345 6,438 4,101 8,304 3,018 8,062 2,264 1,597 2,754 4,716

Female. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 22,502 10,309 7,754 13,015 4,331 12,971 3,867 2,368 7,379 9,816

Age

18–44 years........................ 110,615 6,019 1,984 1,270 3,189 1,697 3,030 922 595 1,093 1,918

45–64 years........................ 80,198 15,331 6,581 4,757 9,027 3,930 9,637 2,703 1,824 4,457 6,551

65–74 years........................ 21,291 6,470 3,318 2,413 3,951 898 3,834 1,053 703 1,782 2,670

75 years and over .................... 17,401 8,027 4,864 3,415 5,152 825 4,531 1,453 843 2,799 3,393

Race

One race5 ......................... 226,314 35,300 16,505 11,641 20,976 7,217 20,679 6,001 3,900 9,956 14,262

White .......................... 185,330 29,331 13,592 9,275 17,275 5,732 17,194 4,968 3,235 7,812 11,490

Black or African American .............. 27,807 4,757 2,435 1,912 2,959 1,102 2,802 791 529 1,585 2,154

American Indian or Alaska Native ......... 1,795 292 156 *124 189 155 158 *44 *26 123 121

Asian .......................... 11,096 865 309 302 542 216 512 187 110 429 489

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander .... 284 *54 † † † † † † – † †

Two or more races6 ................... 3,191 547 242 213 343 133 354 130 *65 177 270

Black or African American, white.......... 625 † – – † † † † † – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ..... 1,394 378 182 183 243 89 264 *101 *54 143 196

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino .................... 32,094 3,581 1,443 1,367 1,958 837 2,056 694 414 1,207 1,545

Mexican or Mexican American ........... 19,712 2,037 797 767 1,134 438 1,145 424 235 705 881

Not Hispanic or Latino ................. 197,411 32,266 15,304 10,488 19,361 6,512 18,976 5,436 3,551 8,925 12,987

White, single race. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 26,065 12,274 8,004 15,505 5,026 15,308 4,311 2,853 6,701 10,047

Black or African American, single race ...... 26,689 4,623 2,372 1,872 2,881 1,049 2,717 772 507 1,540 2,092

Education8

Less than a high school diploma ........... 28,159 8,296 4,467 3,535 5,183 1,953 4,853 1,586 1,124 2,996 3,981

High school diploma or GED9 ............. 53,058 11,591 5,562 3,938 6,744 2,428 7,004 2,016 1,290 3,130 4,599

Some college ....................... 56,710 9,643 4,290 2,891 5,858 1,974 5,768 1,603 1,058 2,525 3,881

Bachelor’s degree or higher .............. 61,185 5,154 2,060 1,263 2,921 805 2,912 778 406 1,206 1,705

Family income10

Less than $35,000.................... 74,281 18,361 9,670 7,183 11,740 4,341 10,667 3,416 2,416 6,065 8,452

$35,000 or more ..................... 141,904 15,374 6,093 4,106 8,387 2,740 9,136 2,339 1,323 3,497 5,363

$35,000–$49,999 ................... 31,868 5,175 2,306 1,610 2,855 963 3,088 990 491 1,233 2,030

$50,000–$74,999 ................... 38,780 4,619 1,871 1,352 2,720 846 2,686 597 404 1,065 1,605

$75,000–$99,999 ................... 26,379 2,479 837 485 1,318 409 1,474 361 239 510 782

$100,000 or more ................... 44,877 3,101 1,078 659 1,494 522 1,888 392 *189 690 946

Poverty status11

Poor ............................ 28,677 6,820 3,563 2,705 4,415 2,030 3,836 1,325 990 2,524 3,371

Near poor ......................... 36,390 7,778 4,028 2,976 4,897 1,640 4,595 1,667 1,011 2,481 3,523

Not poor .......................... 145,271 17,287 7,153 4,780 9,644 3,013 10,292 2,486 1,530 3,969 6,042

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 68 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 18. Frequencies of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

All persons Climb up

aged Any Walk 10 steps Stoop, Reach Grasp or Lift or Push or

18 years physical quarter without Stand for Sit for bend, or over handle carry pull large

Selected characteristic and over difficulty2 of a mile resting 2 hours 2 hours kneel head small objects 10 pounds objects

Health insurance coverage12 Number in thousands3

Under 65 years:

Private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,257 9,779 3,111 2,022 4,776 1,942 5,957 1,409 925 1,914 3,180

Medicaid ........................ 18,030 4,963 2,627 1,964 3,317 1,554 2,920 912 664 1,782 2,576

Other .......................... 8,012 2,803 1,530 1,160 2,032 948 1,843 709 445 987 1,437

Uninsured........................ 40,684 3,701 1,256 846 2,051 1,135 1,887 545 377 834 1,236

65 years and over:

Private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,579 7,052 3,886 2,716 4,321 622 4,144 1,080 565 2,040 2,734

Medicare and Medicaid ............... 2,633 1,489 995 836 1,074 296 996 417 330 774 871

Medicare only ..................... 12,633 4,894 2,730 1,880 3,063 623 2,576 857 526 1,470 2,021

Other .......................... 2,406 957 498 327 578 148 585 122 108 243 391

Uninsured........................ 379 85 *52 *48 *52 † *50 † † *40 †

Marital status

Married. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,307 17,401 7,540 5,229 9,766 3,413 10,535 2,935 1,871 4,499 6,720

Widowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,676 6,259 3,704 2,769 4,151 802 3,613 1,205 720 2,395 2,884

Divorced or separated ................. 26,083 6,330 3,052 2,233 4,101 1,623 3,725 1,065 734 1,838 2,740

Never married ...................... 49,249 3,937 1,667 1,134 2,247 963 2,010 583 442 1,038 1,581

Living with a partner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,915 1,882 774 479 1,042 550 1,138 322 *197 357 600

Place of residence13

Large MSA ........................ 121,307 16,205 7,282 5,296 9,394 3,136 9,515 2,566 1,809 4,704 6,642

Small MSA ........................ 71,921 11,590 5,429 3,749 7,060 2,424 6,709 1,992 1,230 2,989 4,372

Not in MSA ........................ 36,277 8,052 4,036 2,810 4,865 1,789 4,808 1,572 926 2,439 3,518

Region

Northeast ......................... 40,577 5,748 2,629 1,668 3,260 1,139 3,383 1,012 583 1,579 2,377

Midwest .......................... 53,316 8,695 4,177 2,623 5,077 1,659 4,904 1,443 954 2,216 3,151

South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,721 13,897 6,648 4,951 8,538 3,016 8,342 2,463 1,682 4,011 6,038

West ............................ 53,891 7,507 3,293 2,613 4,444 1,536 4,404 1,212 746 2,326 2,967

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ................ 16,529 1,365 500 446 724 329 773 231 174 259 464

Hispanic or Latina, female ............... 15,565 2,217 943 921 1,234 508 1,283 463 239 948 1,082

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ............... 75,723 9,963 4,957 2,844 6,222 2,107 6,014 1,599 1,178 2,045 3,485

White, single race, female.............. 80,396 16,102 7,318 5,160 9,283 2,919 9,294 2,711 1,675 4,657 6,562

Black or African American, single race, male . . 11,959 1,523 758 604 1,003 376 920 268 170 293 545

Black or African American, single race, female . 14,730 3,100 1,613 1,269 1,878 673 1,797 503 337 1,248 1,547

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In a series of separate questions, respondents were asked the degree of difficulty they experienced performing nine physical activities by themselves and without using any special equipment. The 

activities included walking a quarter of a mile (or three city blocks); standing for 2 hours; stooping, bending, or kneeling; climbing 10 steps without resting; sitting for 2 hours; reaching over one’s head; 

using one’s fingers to grasp or handle small objects; lifting or carrying a 10-pound object (such as a full bag of groceries); and pushing or pulling a large object (such as a living room chair). The 

response categories consisted of ‘‘not at all difficult,’’ ‘‘only a little difficult,’’ ‘‘somewhat difficult,’’ ‘‘very difficult,’’ ‘‘can’t do at all,’’ or ‘‘do not do this activity.’’ For this table, response categories ‘‘very 

difficult’’ and ‘‘can’t do at all’’ are combined and shown in the columns. 

2

Consists of a ‘‘very difficult’’ or ‘‘can’t do at all’’ response to at least one of the nine physical activities shown in columns 4–12. 

3

Frequencies of persons reporting no difficulty in physical functioning, ‘‘only a little’’ or ‘‘some’’ difficulty, or that they ‘‘do not do this activity,’’ and those for whom the information is unknown (see 

Appendix I), are not shown separately but are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers in this table are rounded. 

4

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 Standards for Federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 69

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

Any Walk Climb up Stand Stoop, Reach Grasp or Lift or Push or pull

physical quarter 10 steps for Sit for bend, over handle carry large

difficulty2 of a mile without resting 2 hours 2 hours or kneel head small objects 10 pounds objects

Percent3 (standard eror)

..... 15.1 (0.27) 7.1 (0.17) 5.0 (0.15) 9.0 (0.20) 3.0 (0.13) 8.8 (0.20) 2.6 (0.11) 1.7 (0.08) 4.2 (0.13) 6.1 (0.17)

..... 15.6 (0.29) 7.3 (0.19) 5.2 (0.16) 9.3 (0.21) 3.2 (0.13) 9.2 (0.22) 2.7 (0.11) 1.7 (0.09) 4.4 (0.14) 6.3 (0.18)

..... 12.1 (0.35) 5.9 (0.24) 3.8 (0.20) 7.6 (0.27) 2.6 (0.18) 7.3 (0.27) 2.0 (0.14) 1.4 (0.12) 2.5 (0.15) 4.2 (0.20)

..... 17.7 (0.38) 8.0 (0.23) 6.0 (0.21) 10.2 (0.28) 3.4 (0.17) 10.1 (0.29) 3.0 (0.16) 1.9 (0.12) 5.7 (0.21) 7.7 (0.25)

..... 5.4 (0.25) 1.8 (0.14) 1.1 (0.12) 2.9 (0.18) 1.5 (0.14) 2.7 (0.17) 0.8 (0.11) 0.5 (0.09) 1.0 (0.10) 1.7 (0.13)

..... 19.1 (0.51) 8.2 (0.33) 5.9 (0.28) 11.3 (0.37) 4.9 (0.26) 12.0 (0.41) 3.4 (0.22) 2.3 (0.17) 5.6 (0.26) 8.2 (0.35)

..... 30.4 (0.98) 15.6 (0.82) 11.3 (0.68) 18.6 (0.80) 4.2 (0.41) 18.0 (0.85) 4.9 (0.48) 3.3 (0.39) 8.4 (0.60) 12.5 (0.73)

..... 46.1 (1.14) 28.0 (1.02) 19.6 (0.90) 29.6 (1.07) 4.7 (0.46) 26.0 (1.02) 8.4 (0.63) 4.8 (0.44) 16.1 (0.88) 19.5 (0.92)

..... 15.0 (0.26) 7.0 (0.18) 4.9 (0.15) 8.9 (0.20) 3.0 (0.13) 8.7 (0.20) 2.5 (0.11) 1.6 (0.08) 4.2 (0.14) 6.0 (0.17)

..... 14.8 (0.31) 6.8 (0.20) 4.7 (0.17) 8.7 (0.23) 2.9 (0.15) 8.6 (0.23) 2.5 (0.12) 1.6 (0.09) 3.9 (0.15) 5.7 (0.19)

. . . . . 18.5 (0.60) 9.8 (0.44) 7.8 (0.40) 11.6 (0.48) 4.1 (0.32) 10.7 (0.49) 3.2 (0.29) 2.1 (0.27) 6.3 (0.40) 8.4 (0.41)

..... 16.3 (3.05) 7.9 (1.92) 6.6 (1.70) 11.2 (2.62) *9.6 (2.89) 8.9 (1.97) *2.4 (1.01) *1.1 (0.48) 6.3 (1.70) 6.3 (1.73)

..... 9.1 (0.75) 3.5 (0.47) 3.3 (0.47) 5.8 (0.59) 2.2 (0.41) 5.5 (0.59) 2.0 (0.41) 1.2 (0.29) 4.7 (0.56) 5.4 (0.61)

..... 25.6 (5.80) 11.3 (1.77) † 11.4 (2.48) 11.4 (2.48) 12.2 (2.76) † – 9.8 (0.86) 9.9 (1.07)

..... 22.3 (2.18) 10.9 (1.90) 9.6 (1.87) 14.4 (1.88) 4.7 (0.86) 14.8 (2.00) 4.5 (1.12) *2.7 (0.91) 8.4 (1.83) 12.9 (2.04)

..... *7.0 (3.33) – – † † † † † – –

. . . . . 27.8 (3.59) 14.4 (3.29) 14.4 (3.30) 18.9 (2.99) 5.9 (1.52) 19.3 (3.38) *6.7 (2.18) *3.8 (1.33) 10.9 (2.74) 16.1 (3.36)

..... 14.8 (0.59) 6.6 (0.45) 6.3 (0.45) 8.3 (0.48) 3.2 (0.30) 8.6 (0.49) 3.0 (0.30) 1.8 (0.23) 5.5 (0.39) 6.8 (0.46)

..... 14.7 (0.77) 6.4 (0.58) 6.3 (0.64) 8.4 (0.65) 2.9 (0.37) 8.5 (0.65) 3.3 (0.44) 1.7 (0.30) 5.8 (0.57) 6.9 (0.64)

..... 15.2 (0.29) 7.2 (0.19) 4.9 (0.16) 9.1 (0.21) 3.1 (0.14) 8.8 (0.22) 2.5 (0.12) 1.7 (0.09) 4.2 (0.14) 6.0 (0.18)

..... 14.9 (0.34) 6.9 (0.22) 4.5 (0.19) 8.8 (0.25) 2.9 (0.17) 8.6 (0.25) 2.5 (0.14) 1.6 (0.11) 3.8 (0.16) 5.7 (0.20)

..... 18.6 (0.61) 9.8 (0.45) 7.8 (0.41) 11.7 (0.48) 4.1 (0.31) 10.7 (0.50) 3.2 (0.29) 2.1 (0.27) 6.3 (0.40) 8.5 (0.42)

..... 24.9 (0.78) 12.9 (0.61) 10.1 (0.49) 15.4 (0.60) 6.5 (0.47) 14.4 (0.60) 4.6 (0.36) 3.3 (0.32) 8.6 (0.45) 11.9 (0.57)

..... 19.8 (0.55) 9.3 (0.38) 6.6 (0.33) 11.4 (0.43) 4.3 (0.31) 11.9 (0.44) 3.4 (0.26) 2.2 (0.21) 5.2 (0.28) 7.7 (0.38)

. . . . . 17.4 (0.55) 7.9 (0.38) 5.3 (0.32) 10.4 (0.45) 3.3 (0.25) 10.3 (0.44) 2.8 (0.25) 1.8 (0.20) 4.5 (0.32) 6.9 (0.37)

..... 9.5 (0.41) 4.1 (0.29) 2.5 (0.24) 5.6 (0.33) 1.4 (0.16) 5.3 (0.33) 1.5 (0.18) 0.8 (0.12) 2.3 (0.23) 3.2 (0.24)

..... 23.3 (0.52) 12.1 (0.38) 8.9 (0.33) 14.9 (0.41) 5.9 (0.30) 13.5 (0.40) 4.3 (0.22) 3.1 (0.20) 7.6 (0.29) 10.8 (0.36)

..... 11.5 (0.30) 4.9 (0.20) 3.3 (0.18) 6.4 (0.24) 1.9 (0.13) 6.7 (0.24) 1.8 (0.14) 1.0 (0.09) 2.7 (0.17) 4.1 (0.19)

..... 15.3 (0.62) 6.7 (0.42) 4.7 (0.39) 8.4 (0.51) 2.9 (0.33) 9.1 (0.52) 2.9 (0.32) 1.4 (0.20) 3.6 (0.30) 6.0 (0.42)

..... 12.5 (0.58) 5.2 (0.36) 3.7 (0.34) 7.4 (0.45) 2.1 (0.25) 7.1 (0.47) 1.6 (0.23) 1.0 (0.18) 3.0 (0.32) 4.3 (0.37)

..... 10.5 (0.73) 4.2 (0.56) 2.6 (0.45) 5.7 (0.61) 1.4 (0.27) 5.9 (0.57) 1.7 (0.38) 1.0 (0.25) 2.2 (0.39) 3.4 (0.47)

..... 8.7 (0.58) 4.0 (0.45) 2.3 (0.35) 4.5 (0.45) 1.3 (0.21) 5.4 (0.51) 1.2 (0.24) *0.5 (0.17) 2.6 (0.39) 3.2 (0.40)

..... 27.7 (0.85) 15.0 (0.66) 11.5 (0.61) 18.2 (0.69) 7.9 (0.51) 15.8 (0.67) 5.7 (0.45) 4.1 (0.38) 10.7 (0.56) 14.0 (0.64)

..... 21.4 (0.68) 11.0 (0.50) 8.1 (0.46) 13.5 (0.57) 4.7 (0.36) 12.7 (0.56) 4.7 (0.36) 2.8 (0.26) 6.8 (0.40) 9.8 (0.49)

..... 11.7 (0.29) 5.0 (0.19) 3.3 (0.16) 6.6 (0.23) 1.9 (0.12) 6.8 (0.23) 1.7 (0.13) 1.0 (0.09) 2.7 (0.16) 4.1 (0.18)

Page 70[ Series 10, No. 252
of difficulties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

Any Walk Climb up Stand Stoop, Reach Grasp or Lift or Push or pull

physical quarter 10 steps for Sit for bend, over handle carry large

difficulty2 of a mile without resting 2 hours 2 hours or kneel head small objects 10 pounds objects

Percent3 (standard eror)

..... 6.9 (0.25) 2.1 (0.14) 1.4 (0.12) 3.3 (0.18) 1.4 (0.11) 4.2 (0.21) 1.0 (0.11) 0.6 (0.08) 1.3 (0.10) 2.2 (0.14)

. . . . . 29.4 (1.06) 15.7 (0.88) 11.8 (0.76) 19.7 (0.94) 9.2 (0.69) 17.5 (0.92) 5.5 (0.54) 4.0 (0.47) 10.8 (0.68) 15.4 (0.87)

..... 27.2 (2.04) 13.2 (1.17) 9.9 (1.12) 19.4 (1.85) 9.2 (1.21) 16.6 (1.36) 6.9 (1.10) 3.7 (0.66) 8.1 (0.93) 13.2 (1.25)

..... 9.9 (0.53) 3.4 (0.32) 2.3 (0.28) 5.5 (0.40) 3.0 (0.31) 5.1 (0.39) 1.5 (0.23) 1.0 (0.17) 2.3 (0.27) 3.4 (0.34)

..... 34.6 (1.06) 19.1 (0.85) 13.4 (0.74) 21.2 (0.90) 3.0 (0.39) 20.3 (0.91) 5.3 (0.52) 2.8 (0.35) 10.0 (0.69) 13.4 (0.76)

..... 56.3 (2.72) 37.4 (2.63) 31.6 (2.43) 40.6 (2.44) 11.2 (1.51) 37.7 (2.52) 16.2 (2.05) 12.4 (1.78) 29.6 (2.35) 33.0 (2.43)

..... 39.4 (1.35) 22.2 (1.15) 15.3 (1.01) 24.7 (1.18) 5.0 (0.54) 20.8 (1.17) 6.9 (0.67) 4.3 (0.53) 12.0 (0.90) 16.4 (1.01)

..... 39.7 (2.94) 20.8 (2.64) 13.5 (2.03) 24.0 (2.57) 6.0 (1.44) 24.0 (2.61) 5.0 (1.23) 4.4 (1.09) 10.2 (1.86) 16.0 (2.25)

..... *22.4 (6.77) *11.7 (4.50) *12.8 (5.54) *13.0 (4.78) † *11.3 (4.49) † † *11.1 (5.27) †

..... 12.9 (0.33) 5.7 (0.22) 3.9 (0.20) 7.2 (0.25) 2.5 (0.16) 7.6 (0.27) 2.2 (0.15) 1.4 (0.11) 3.2 (0.16) 4.9 (0.21)

..... 23.5 (2.31) 10.7 (0.92) 8.9 (1.07) 13.6 (1.33) 3.8 (0.65) 14.8 (2.15) 3.2 (0.37) 2.5 (0.38) 7.6 (0.87) 8.7 (0.61)

..... 20.6 (0.75) 10.0 (0.52) 7.2 (0.43) 13.0 (0.60) 5.1 (0.44) 11.8 (0.62) 3.4 (0.37) 2.4 (0.30) 5.8 (0.40) 8.5 (0.51)

..... 14.8 (0.74) 7.3 (0.56) 5.5 (0.53) 8.6 (0.59) 2.8 (0.30) 8.0 (0.55) 2.2 (0.29) 1.9 (0.27) 4.6 (0.45) 6.2 (0.52)

..... 16.1 (1.46) 7.8 (1.15) 4.9 (0.92) 8.9 (1.16) 4.4 (0.77) 9.5 (1.12) 2.8 (0.70) 1.4 (0.41) 3.5 (0.81) 5.3 (0.91)

..... 13.4 (0.35) 6.1 (0.22) 4.5 (0.21) 7.8 (0.26) 2.5 (0.15) 7.8 (0.28) 2.1 (0.14) 1.5 (0.11) 3.9 (0.19) 5.5 (0.23)

..... 15.5 (0.52) 7.3 (0.33) 5.0 (0.27) 9.4 (0.40) 3.2 (0.24) 8.9 (0.39) 2.7 (0.19) 1.6 (0.15) 4.0 (0.25) 5.8 (0.29)

..... 19.8 (0.80) 9.7 (0.53) 6.7 (0.46) 11.8 (0.56) 4.6 (0.47) 11.5 (0.50) 3.8 (0.32) 2.3 (0.27) 5.8 (0.37) 8.5 (0.51)

..... 12.9 (0.61) 5.8 (0.37) 3.7 (0.30) 7.3 (0.42) 2.5 (0.29) 7.6 (0.50) 2.3 (0.23) 1.3 (0.20) 3.5 (0.31) 5.2 (0.41)

..... 15.7 (0.59) 7.5 (0.40) 4.7 (0.28) 9.2 (0.45) 3.0 (0.24) 8.8 (0.40) 2.6 (0.20) 1.7 (0.17) 4.0 (0.25) 5.6 (0.33)

..... 16.4 (0.45) 7.9 (0.31) 5.9 (0.27) 10.1 (0.34) 3.5 (0.25) 9.7 (0.34) 2.9 (0.20) 2.0 (0.15) 4.7 (0.23) 7.1 (0.28)

..... 14.1 (0.52) 6.3 (0.32) 5.0 (0.35) 8.4 (0.39) 2.8 (0.24) 8.3 (0.42) 2.3 (0.22) 1.4 (0.17) 4.5 (0.31) 5.6 (0.33)

ex

..... 11.5 (0.87) 4.7 (0.59) 4.2 (0.58) 6.2 (0.64) 2.6 (0.42) 6.6 (0.68) 2.0 (0.38) 1.6 (0.36) 2.6 (0.45) 4.4 (0.61)

..... 17.7 (0.82) 8.1 (0.59) 8.0 (0.62) 10.1 (0.67) 3.7 (0.44) 10.4 (0.68) 3.9 (0.46) 1.9 (0.31) 8.1 (0.60) 8.9 (0.63)

..... 12.2 (0.42) 6.0 (0.30) 3.5 (0.23) 7.6 (0.33) 2.6 (0.23) 7.2 (0.32) 1.9 (0.17) 1.4 (0.16) 2.4 (0.18) 4.1 (0.24)

..... 17.5 (0.50) 7.7 (0.29) 5.4 (0.27) 10.0 (0.36) 3.3 (0.22) 10.0 (0.37) 2.9 (0.21) 1.8 (0.16) 4.9 (0.25) 7.1 (0.31)

ale . . . 14.6 (0.88) 7.8 (0.68) 6.4 (0.64) 10.0 (0.73) 3.5 (0.48) 8.8 (0.72) 2.7 (0.44) 1.8 (0.38) 3.2 (0.43) 5.4 (0.54)

male . . 21.7 (0.89) 11.4 (0.62) 9.0 (0.54) 13.2 (0.66) 4.5 (0.44) 12.4 (0.71) 3.6 (0.41) 2.4 (0.35) 8.7 (0.63) 10.8 (0.63)

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

re asked the degree of difficulty they experienced performing nine physical activities by themselves, and without using any special equipment. The activities included walking a quarter of a mile (or three city

kneeling; climbing 10 steps without resting; sitting for 2 hours; reaching over one’s head; using one’s fingers to grasp or handle small objects; lifting or carrying a 10-pound object (such as a full bag of

uch as a living room chair). The response categories consisted of ‘‘not at all difficult,’’ ‘‘only a little difficult,’’ ‘‘somewhat difficult,’’ ‘‘very difficult,’’ ‘‘can’t do at all,’’ or ‘‘do not do this activity.’’ For this table,

t all’’ are combined and shown in the columns.

ponse to at least one of the nine physical activities shown in columns 3–11.

well as those for whom the information is unknown, are not included in the denominator when calculating percentages. Percentages in this table are rounded.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 71
data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater

mbinations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over.

chool equivalency diploma.

0 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for persons under age 65 (18–44 years

aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

ews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using four age

nd 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XII in Appendix III.

Survey, 2010.

Page 72 [ Series 10, No. 252
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 73

Table 20. Frequency distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

All persons Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

aged

18 years Excellent or

Selected characteristic and over very good Good Fair or poor

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 138,432 61,740 29,186

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 68,613 29,102 13,169

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 69,818 32,638 16,018

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 77,659 25,806 7,127

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 44,127 22,864 13,132

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 9,874 7,041 4,363

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 6,772 6,029 4,564

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 136,665 60,803 28,702

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 114,683 48,499 22,035

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 13,820 8,770 5,194

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 759 645 392

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 7,258 2,808 1,023

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 *145 *81 *59

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 1,767 937 484

Black or African American, white ................. 625 417 157 *51

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 643 427 321

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 18,024 9,593 4,463

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 10,743 6,288 2,681

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 120,407 52,146 24,723

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 98,286 39,793 17,934

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 13,212 8,413 5,039

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 10,042 9,645 8,472

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 26,284 17,530 9,212

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 33,914 15,934 6,856

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 45,848 12,049 3,216

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 33,857 23,522 16,836

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 96,473 34,576 10,836

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 18,058 9,791 4,012

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 24,833 10,428 3,519

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 18,586 6,154 1,626

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 34,996 8,203 1,678

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 12,688 8,638 7,318

Near poor ................................ 36,390 17,357 11,798 7,223

Not poor ................................. 145,271 98,351 35,406 11,470

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 74 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 20. Frequency distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

aged

18 years Excellent or

Selected characteristic and over very good Good Fair or poor

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 87,934 27,726 7,571

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 7,644 5,321 5,050

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 3,005 2,476 2,526

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 22,677 12,947 5,029

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 9,743 6,916 3,879

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 558 745 1,330

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 5,169 4,412 3,044

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 1,002 827 577

Uninsured ............................... 379 148 153 79

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 78,011 32,446 13,783

Widowed ................................. 13,676 5,318 4,731 3,603

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 12,719 7,912 5,423

Never married.............................. 49,249 32,039 12,545 4,652

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 10,166 4,030 1,703

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 75,967 31,754 13,507

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 43,197 19,346 9,339

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 19,268 10,640 6,341

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 25,034 10,897 4,605

Midwest ................................. 53,316 32,316 14,644 6,319

South ................................... 81,721 47,107 22,384 12,175

West ................................... 53,891 33,974 13,814 6,087

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 9,813 4,736 1,969

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 8,211 4,857 2,494

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 48,384 18,946 8,359

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 49,902 20,847 9,575

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 6,326 3,600 2,033

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 6,887 4,813 3,006

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Based on a question in the survey that asked respondents, ‘‘Would you say [subject name’s] health in general was excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ This information was obtained during a 

part of the interview that allowed proxy responses, such that a knowledgeable adult family member could respond on behalf of adults not taking part in the interview; however, the sample in this table 

is based on the reported health status (possibly by proxy) for the Sample Adult only. ‘‘Excellent’’ and ‘‘very good’’ are combined in this table, as are ‘‘fair’’ and ‘‘poor.’’ 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I). They are, however, included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add 

to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 75

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 76 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 21. Age-adjusted percent distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or

Selected characteristic Total very good Good Fair or poor

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 61.0 (0.40) 26.7 (0.33) 12.3 (0.23)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 60.4 (0.41) 26.9 (0.33) 12.7 (0.25)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 62.1 (0.55) 26.2 (0.48) 11.7 (0.33)

Female .................................. 100.0 60.0 (0.53) 27.1 (0.45) 12.9 (0.31)

Age4

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 70.2 (0.52) 23.3 (0.47) 6.4 (0.26)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 55.1 (0.67) 28.5 (0.56) 16.4 (0.48)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 46.4 (1.12) 33.1 (1.07) 20.5 (0.83)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 39.0 (1.09) 34.7 (1.02) 26.3 (1.00)

Race

One race5 ................................ 100.0 61.2 (0.40) 26.6 (0.34) 12.2 (0.24)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 62.9 (0.45) 25.8 (0.37) 11.2 (0.27)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 48.6 (0.89) 31.6 (0.84) 19.7 (0.66)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 41.8 (4.31) 35.3 (4.08) 22.9 (3.63)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 64.0 (1.30) 25.6 (1.21) 10.4 (0.86)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 41.9 (5.66) 31.0 (7.10) 27.1 (5.53)

Two or more races6 .......................... 100.0 52.2 (2.78) 29.3 (2.52) 18.4 (2.31)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 45.1 (4.16) 46.7 (4.74) *8.2 (3.39)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 45.8 (4.87) 30.7 (4.26) 23.5 (3.91)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 52.8 (0.89) 30.6 (0.86) 16.6 (0.65)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 50.4 (1.14) 32.8 (1.14) 16.8 (0.88)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 62.3 (0.43) 26.0 (0.36) 11.8 (0.25)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 64.7 (0.50) 24.8 (0.41) 10.5 (0.29)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 48.6 (0.91) 31.6 (0.86) 19.8 (0.68)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 38.2 (1.05) 34.2 (0.95) 27.6 (0.82)

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 100.0 51.2 (0.73) 32.6 (0.71) 16.1 (0.51)

Some college .............................. 100.0 59.8 (0.70) 28.2 (0.62) 12.0 (0.47)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 74.1 (0.63) 20.1 (0.57) 5.9 (0.32)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 46.3 (0.63) 31.5 (0.56) 22.3 (0.48)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 67.8 (0.48) 24.3 (0.43) 7.9 (0.26)

$35,000$49,999 ........................... 100.0 57.6 (0.93) 30.3 (0.89) 12.1 (0.62)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 63.9 (0.92) 26.7 (0.86) 9.4 (0.52)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 69.8 (1.13) 23.8 (1.04) 6.3 (0.63)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 76.3 (0.86) 19.1 (0.79) 4.6 (0.45)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 41.1 (0.92) 30.5 (0.89) 28.4 (0.84)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 47.3 (0.88) 32.5 (0.86) 20.2 (0.68)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 68.4 (0.46) 23.9 (0.42) 7.7 (0.23)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 77

Table 21. Age-adjusted percent distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or

Selected characteristic Total very good Good Fair or poor

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 72.7 (0.48) 21.7 (0.43) 5.6 (0.23)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 40.9 (1.25) 29.3 (1.19) 29.8 (1.05)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 45.6 (2.21) 28.7 (2.08) 25.7 (1.96)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 54.6 (0.88) 32.2 (0.85) 13.2 (0.59)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 47.3 (1.14) 33.7 (1.05) 19.0 (0.88)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 21.3 (2.28) 28.2 (2.30) 50.5 (2.80)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 40.7 (1.31) 35.1 (1.35) 24.2 (1.13)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 41.7 (3.45) 34.2 (3.11) 24.1 (2.60)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 34.8 (7.29) 44.7 (8.97) *20.5 (6.29)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 64.3 (0.52) 25.5 (0.45) 10.3 (0.31)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 46.6 (4.18) 32.8 (3.98) 20.6 (2.59)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 52.0 (0.98) 30.0 (0.87) 18.0 (0.73)

Never married.............................. 100.0 57.6 (0.94) 28.7 (0.88) 13.7 (0.66)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 60.0 (1.69) 25.9 (1.60) 14.1 (1.39)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 62.8 (0.53) 26.1 (0.46) 11.1 (0.32)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 60.9 (0.73) 26.6 (0.62) 12.5 (0.41)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 55.3 (1.12) 28.8 (0.85) 15.8 (0.73)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 63.2 (0.88) 26.1 (0.81) 10.6 (0.52)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 61.4 (0.83) 27.2 (0.69) 11.4 (0.50)

South ................................... 100.0 58.5 (0.71) 27.1 (0.56) 14.4 (0.42)

West ................................... 100.0 63.1 (0.80) 25.7 (0.67) 11.3 (0.44)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 55.8 (1.26) 29.4 (1.19) 14.8 (0.91)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 49.9 (1.19) 31.8 (1.11) 18.3 (0.91)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 65.3 (0.69) 24.6 (0.60) 10.2 (0.39)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 64.2 (0.68) 24.9 (0.57) 10.8 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 51.0 (1.46) 30.3 (1.37) 18.7 (1.05)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 46.5 (1.21) 32.7 (1.12) 20.8 (0.88)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Based on a question in the survey that asked respondents, ‘‘Would you say [subject name’s] health in general was excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ This information was obtained during a 

part of the interview that allowed proxy responses, such that a knowledgeable adult family member could respond on behalf of adults not taking part in the interview; however, the sample in this table 

is based on the reported health status (possibly by proxy) for the Sample Adult only. ‘‘Excellent’’ and ‘‘very good’’ are combined in this table, as are ‘‘fair’’ and ‘‘poor.’’ 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups (25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over). 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 78 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XIII in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
f current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

All persons

aged Better About the Worse Better About the Worse Better About the Worse

18 years than same as than than same as than than same as than

and over last year last year last year last year last year last year last year last year last year

Number in thousands2

........... 229,505 26,997 106,799 4,577 11,492 44,208 5,851 4,133 15,475 9,390

........... 110,929 13,147 53,282 2,162 4,944 21,527 2,510 1,913 7,051 4,157

........... 118,576 13,850 53,517 2,416 6,548 22,681 3,341 2,219 8,424 5,233

........... 110,615 16,245 59,018 2,387 5,818 17,622 2,327 1,321 3,808 1,976

........... 80,198 8,517 34,066 1,519 3,960 16,409 2,379 1,795 6,542 4,727

........... 21,291 1,535 8,024 298 1,121 5,386 518 597 2,470 1,280

........... 17,401 701 5,691 373 593 4,791 627 420 2,654 1,407

........... 226,314 26,577 105,554 4,476 11,252 43,574 5,788 4,032 15,317 9,175

. . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 21,819 89,020 3,803 8,703 34,825 4,834 2,976 11,391 7,524

........... 27,807 3,109 10,243 456 1,929 6,119 673 834 3,110 1,225

........... 1,795 261 476 *22 103 505 † *72 147 *167

. . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 1,334 5,729 191 486 2,079 240 138 631 250

........... 284 *55 *86 † † *46 † † † †

........... 3,191 420 1,245 *101 240 634 *63 101 158 215

........... 625 115 290 † † 132 – † † †

........... 1,394 147 422 *74 *142 260 † *59 *102 150

race

........... 32,094 4,073 13,372 579 2,226 6,626 720 911 2,547 988

........... 19,712 2,645 7,706 393 1,525 4,335 417 585 1,507 575

........... 197,411 22,924 93,427 3,998 9,266 37,582 5,131 3,221 12,928 8,402

........... 156,119 18,160 76,807 3,277 6,748 28,776 4,152 2,187 8,986 6,629

. . . ........ 26,689 3,003 9,754 445 1,775 5,933 657 785 3,026 1,203

........... 28,159 1,656 7,901 477 1,547 7,219 871 1,233 4,601 2,572

........... 53,058 4,457 21,042 759 2,866 12,983 1,606 1,063 5,218 2,865

........... 56,710 6,756 25,830 1,318 2,945 11,344 1,580 953 3,390 2,461

........... 61,185 9,044 35,439 1,350 2,524 8,268 1,220 560 1,569 1,083

Series 10, No. 252 Page 79 [
f current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

All persons

aged

18 years

and over

Excellent or very good

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

Good

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

Fair or poor

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Number in thousands2

...........

...........

.................................

...........

74,281

141,904

31,86838,78026,37944,877

6,673

18,963

3,2645,0663,9406,694

25,82974,45914,12818,89613,96227,474

1,340

3,013

634865685829

4,301

6,4291,6512,0271,2311,520

16,749

24,843

7,2477,4234,2735,901

2,412

3,211

860972596782

2,329

1,627

404592265365

8,782

5,769

2,2941,928

879668

5,650

3,356

1,278

993466619

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

28,67736,390

145,271

2,6773,271

19,227

9,426

13,382

76,133

586

699

2,940

1,704

2,116

6,562

5,981

8,613

25,306

936

1,046

3,437

1,109

907

1,689

3,654

4,023

5,967

2,541

2,272

3,717

1

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

123,257

18,030

8,012

40,684

20,579

2,633

12,633

2,406

379

17,829

1,878

596

4,343

1,294

70

695

154

†

67,541

5,481

2,321

17,331

8,098

447

4,241

795

111

2,537

280

*87

1,003

337

†

222

*53

†

5,793

1,139

522

2,290

831

100

655

119

†

19,365

3,6011,649

9,267

5,445

587

3,359

644

*132

2,465

571298

1,372

634

*52

378

*64

†

1,202

911

309

658

510

106

286

88

†

3,9702,3491,251

2,759

2,102

795

1,810

359

*49

2,3651,763

949

1,611

1,222

422

907

125

†

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

124,307

13,676

26,08349,249

15,915

14,442

794

2,7676,825

2,092

61,130

4,3089,387

24,291

7,589

2,407

215547

917

485

5,490

768

1,752

2,685

782

23,812

3,4655,254

8,872

2,745

3,028

487861

972

503

1,912

364790

809

258

7,2822,0042,712

2,632

837

4,491

1,1841,900

1,194

608

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

121,307

71,921

36,277

15,339

8,447

3,212

58,139

33,349

15,311

2,4631,384

731

6,094

3,6191,779

22,698

13,991

7,519

2,856

1,671

1,324

2,017

1,404

712

7,363

4,872

3,240

4,037

2,988

2,365

Page 80[ Series 10, No. 252
f current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

All persons

aged Better About the Worse Better About the Worse Better About the Worse

18 years than same as than than same as than than same as than

and over last year last year last year last year last year last year last year last year last year

Number in thousands2

........... 40,577 4,220 20,075 727 1,605 8,303 975 545 2,573 1,439

........... 53,316 6,001 25,274 1,020 2,459 10,771 1,393 850 3,413 2,022

........... 81,721 9,295 36,254 1,543 4,488 15,601 2,213 1,664 6,471 3,987

........... 53,891 7,481 25,197 1,287 2,941 9,533 1,270 1,074 3,018 1,942

and sex

........... 16,529 2,144 7,415 255 1,007 3,440 271 437 1,109 420

........... 15,565 1,929 5,958 324 1,219 3,186 449 474 1,437 568

........... 75,723 8,700 38,108 1,556 2,866 14,181 1,809 963 4,298 3,059

........... 80,396 9,460 38,700 1,721 3,882 14,595 2,343 1,224 4,688 3,570

ale ......... 11,959 1,423 4,684 218 770 2,545 274 407 1,179 444

male ........ 14,730 1,580 5,069 227 1,004 3,388 384 378 1,847 759

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

nts, ‘‘Would you say [subject name’s] health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ Proxy responses were allowed for adults not taking part in this portion of the interview; however, the

h status (possibly by proxy) for the Sample Adult only. ‘‘Excellent’’ and ‘‘very good’’ are combined in this table, as are ‘‘fair’’ and ‘‘poor.’’ All sample adult respondents were also asked, ‘‘Compared with twelve

orse, or about the same?’’

e frequency distributions (see Appendix I). They are, however, included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add to totals because of rounding.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater

mbinations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

hool equivalency diploma.

or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

ws of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Survey, 2010.

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 81
ributions of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States,

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Percent distribution3 (standard eror)

...........

...........

19.1

19.5

(0.38)

(0.39)

77.5

77.2

(0.41)

(0.41)

3.4 (0.18)

3.3 (0.18)

19.4

18.7

(0.59)

(0.55)

71.2

71.8

(0.67)

(0.64)

9.4 (0.42)

9.5 (0.41)

16.0 (0.95)

14.3 (0.70)

53.3

53.4

(1.17)

(0.92)

30.8 (1.09)

32.4 (0.88)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

18.719.6

(0.57)(0.53)

78.177.0

(0.61)(0.55)

3.3 (0.27)3.5 (0.25)

17.721.0

(0.83)(0.82)

73.868.7

(0.93)(0.89)

8.5 (0.57)

10.3 (0.57)

17.2 (1.65)

15.2 (1.11)

53.6

53.0

(1.84)

(1.56)

29.2

31.8

(1.68)

(1.49)

.................................

...........

20.919.315.610.4

(0.54)(0.70)(1.15)(1.10)

76.077.281.484.1

(0.56)(0.75)(1.25)(1.40)

3.1 (0.23)3.4 (0.32)3.0 (0.59)5.5 (1.02)

22.617.416.0

9.9

(0.95)(0.88)(1.40)(1.12)

68.472.176.7

79.7

(1.04)(1.04)(1.67)

(1.49)

9.0 (0.62)

10.5 (0.66)

7.4 (0.99)

10.4 (1.13)

18.6 (1.66)

13.7 (0.99)13.7 (1.66)

9.4 (1.46)

53.650.156.8

59.2

(2.04)(1.45)(2.22)

(2.13)

27.836.229.4

31.4

(1.91)(1.37)(2.06)

(2.05)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

...........

...........

19.1 (0.38)18.8 (0.42)

22.0 (1.17)

36.4 (5.26)17.9 (1.44)

*25.9 (7.99)

24.2 (3.43)

*33.0 (10.08)

21.1 (5.09)

77.6 (0.41)77.9 (0.45)

74.9 (1.23)

61.0 (5.34)78.7 (1.51)

59.3 (13.93)67.3 (3.69)

65.1 (10.13)

65.6 (6.07)

3.3 (0.18)3.4 (0.20)

3.2 (0.46)

*2.7 (1.26)

3.5 (0.76)

†

8.5 (2.53)

†

*13.4 (4.43)

19.4 (0.60)19.0 (0.69)

22.0 (1.41)15.8 (4.44)

17.8 (2.12)

*39.4 (17.31)

26.2 (5.00)

*13.9 (6.53)

31.2 (8.72)

71.2 (0.68)71.1 (0.79)

70.4 (1.56)79.1 (5.14)

73.5 (2.41)

55.3 (16.51)67.0 (5.53)

86.1 (6.53)

63.5 (8.87)

9.5 (0.42)

10.0 (0.50)

7.5 (0.90)

†

8.7 (1.42)

†

*6.8 (2.69)

–†

15.8 (0.95)

15.3 (1.09)

17.2 (2.17)24.7 (6.88)

12.8 (3.38)

†

22.4 (6.29)

†

*19.1 (7.62)

53.7 (1.16)

51.9 (1.40)

61.0 (2.33)39.7 (7.88)

58.1 (5.41)78.6 (7.66)

34.3 (6.65)

*45.1 (16.88)

34.6 (8.90)

30.4 (1.08)

32.8 (1.35)

21.8 (1.66)35.5 (7.72)

29.1 (5.00)13.5 (3.46)

43.3 (7.39)

†

46.4 (10.03)

race

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . ........

22.4

23.8

18.7

18.4

22.2

(1.05)

(1.42)

(0.41)

(0.46)

(1.20)

74.4

72.5

77.9

78.3

74.6

(1.09)

(1.52)

(0.44)

(0.50)

(1.25)

3.2 (0.43)

3.7 (0.69)

3.4 (0.20)

3.4 (0.22)

3.2 (0.48)

22.6

23.7

18.7

18.1

21.2

(1.28)

(1.63)

(0.68)

(0.82)

(1.44)

69.7

69.3

71.5

71.3

71.1

(1.42)

(1.84)

(0.76)

(0.93)

(1.61)

7.7 (0.77)

7.0 (0.97)

9.9 (0.50)

10.6 (0.61)

7.7 (0.93)

21.5 (2.01)

22.3 (2.57)

14.6 (1.06)

13.6 (1.28)

16.8 (2.21)

57.6

56.9

52.3

49.7

61.1

(2.36)

(3.03)

(1.34)

(1.71)

(2.38)

20.9

20.7

33.1

36.6

22.2

(1.84)

(2.50)

(1.28)

(1.68)

(1.71)

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

16.317.0

19.3

19.1

(1.18)(0.83)

(0.71)

(0.65)

79.080.1

76.7

77.8

(1.32)(0.86)

(0.77)

(0.72)

4.7 (0.72)2.9 (0.34)

4.0 (0.38)

3.1 (0.35)

16.717.2

18.8

21.3

(1.24)(1.01)

(1.01)

(1.27)

74.473.6

71.5

68.4

(1.36)(1.19)

(1.19)

(1.46)

8.9 (0.96)9.2 (0.78)

9.8 (0.82)

10.3 (0.92)

16.7 (1.60)13.0 (1.47)

14.6 (1.66)17.7 (2.47)

53.757.0

51.0

51.1

(2.07)(2.04)

(2.25)

(3.53)

29.630.0

34.4

31.2

(1.92)(1.85)

(2.11)

(3.23)

Page 82[ Series 10, No. 252
ributions of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States,

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Percent distribution3 (standard eror)

...........

...........

.................................

...........

19.6 (0.69)

19.2 (0.47)

17.9 (0.95)19.9 (0.94)20.8 (1.21)17.9 (0.81)

76.3 (0.73)

77.6 (0.52)

78.5 (1.03)76.3 (1.05)74.9 (1.35)79.8 (0.86)

4.1 (0.33)3.2 (0.26)3.6 (0.58)3.8 (0.52)4.2 (0.80)2.3 (0.34)

19.1 (0.80)

19.3 (0.83)

18.1 (1.52)19.7 (1.50)21.5 (2.10)18.4 (1.84)

70.5 (0.98)

71.5 (0.93)

73.5 (1.67)70.9 (1.68)68.6 (2.42)71.4 (2.15)

10.5 (0.68)

9.2 (0.59)8.4 (0.93)9.5 (1.04)9.8 (1.53)

10.2 (1.53)

16.1 (1.19)15.8 (1.57)

11.3 (2.00)

18.1 (2.93)18.0 (4.94)

19.5 (4.25)

52.2 (1.51)54.0 (1.98)

56.9 (3.26)55.8 (3.61)57.8 (6.15)

39.2 (5.43)

31.7 (1.35)30.2 (1.91)

31.8 (3.17)26.1 (2.98)24.2 (6.22)

41.3 (5.78)

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

21.4 (1.37)18.0 (1.03)

19.1 (0.46)

73.2 (1.48)77.4 (1.19)

77.8 (0.50)

5.4 (0.84)4.6 (0.73)3.1 (0.23)

19.1 (1.22)18.4 (1.25)

19.6 (0.83)

70.0 (1.48)72.7 (1.40)

70.7 (0.93)

11.0 (1.09)

8.9 (0.87)9.7 (0.61)

15.9 (1.57)

14.9 (1.78)

15.9 (1.57)

51.2 (1.97)

55.1 (2.31)

53.6 (2.07)

32.8 (1.77)

30.1 (2.24)

30.6 (1.91)

2

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

20.3 (0.50)

24.4 (2.10)

21.4 (2.55)18.9 (0.96)

12.9 (1.14)

12.4 (3.25)13.2 (1.41)

15.2 (3.46)

†

76.8 (0.52)

71.9 (2.20)

76.4 (2.57)76.6 (1.02)

83.5 (1.31)

80.4 (4.40)82.2 (1.69)

79.4 (4.09)84.4 (6.42)

2.9 (0.21)

3.7 (0.66)

*2.2 (0.74)

4.5 (0.53)3.6 (0.72)

*7.1 (3.52)

4.6 (1.08)

*5.4 (2.17)

†

22.0 (1.01)

21.0 (1.79)

24.8 (4.00)17.6 (1.16)

11.9 (1.18)

13.7 (2.81)14.9 (1.71)

14.4 (3.67)

†

69.3 (1.09)

67.8 (2.07)

63.5 (4.47)71.8 (1.41)

78.8 (1.51)

79.2 (3.44)76.5 (1.97)

77.4 (4.37)

87.1 (6.82)

8.7 (0.63)

11.2 (1.46)

11.6 (3.02)

10.6 (0.97)

9.2 (1.11)

*7.1 (2.28)

8.6 (1.24)

*8.2 (2.99)

†

17.6 (1.96)

19.4 (2.14)

10.9 (2.80)

14.5 (1.84)

13.4 (1.91)

8.0 (1.70)9.4 (1.51)

15.6 (4.25)

*18.7 (9.06)

52.7 (2.32)

47.0 (2.60)

59.5 (4.96)

55.7 (2.67)

54.4 (2.58)

59.7 (3.46)60.3 (2.52)62.6 (5.07)

71.7 (9.01)

29.7 (2.10)

33.6 (2.39)

29.5 (4.33)

29.8 (2.60)

32.2 (2.54)

32.3 (3.26)30.3 (2.46)21.7 (4.59)

†

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

18.2 (0.51)

11.9 (3.16)

22.0 (1.14)19.3 (1.02)

19.6 (1.53)

78.6 (0.56)83.3 (3.81)74.0 (1.17)77.3 (1.09)

76.1 (1.63)

3.2 (0.26)

*4.7 (2.32)

4.0 (0.50)3.4 (0.47)

4.3 (0.75)

18.3 (0.86)19.9 (5.36)23.6 (1.60)20.3 (1.36)

17.8 (2.11)

72.5 (0.96)72.5 (5.79)63.9 (1.83)71.9 (1.54)

68.4 (3.05)

9.2 (0.59)

*7.6 (2.42)

12.6 (1.30)

7.8 (0.90)

13.8 (2.60)

14.4 (1.43)

*17.6 (7.51)

18.8 (2.39)16.7 (1.82)

14.2 (3.15)

53.0 (1.93)56.5 (8.77)

45.3 (2.48)57.2 (2.33)

51.7 (4.37)

32.6 (1.83)

25.9 (6.41)

35.9 (2.49)26.2 (2.13)

34.1 (4.05)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

19.7 (0.53)

19.2 (0.69)

16.6 (0.87)

77.0 (0.56)

77.6 (0.73)

79.5 (0.99)

3.4 (0.26)

3.2 (0.31)

3.8 (0.49)

19.8 (0.85)

19.6 (1.01)

18.0 (1.43)

71.3 (0.95)

71.7 (1.16)

69.4 (1.61)

8.9 (0.59)

8.7 (0.77)

12.6 (1.10)

16.4 (1.34)

17.4 (1.76)

13.0 (2.10)

54.8 (1.65)

50.9 (2.15)

54.0 (2.82)

28.8 (1.50)

31.7 (2.17)

33.1 (2.39)

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 83
ributions of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States,

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Better

than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse

than

last year

Percent distribution3 (standard eror)

...........

...........

...........

...........

16.6 (0.89)

18.1 (0.84)19.3 (0.61)21.6 (0.79)

80.4 (0.92)

78.7 (0.90)77.4 (0.65)74.5 (0.87)

3.0 (0.40)3.2 (0.35)3.3 (0.30)

3.9 (0.44)

16.3 (1.41)

17.6 (1.29)20.6 (1.02)21.8 (1.14)

75.3 (1.70)

72.9 (1.43)69.4 (1.12)69.1 (1.29)

8.3 (1.12)9.5 (0.83)

10.0 (0.70)

9.1 (0.84)

14.8 (2.37)

13.7 (1.95)

16.1 (1.50)19.2 (2.14)

55.8 (3.13)

53.9 (2.17)

52.9 (1.90)51.4 (2.51)

29.4 (2.97)

32.3 (2.18)

31.0 (1.78)29.4 (2.18)

and sex

...........

...........

...........

...........

ale .........

male ........

21.2 (1.45)

23.8 (1.47)17.7 (0.67)19.0 (0.66)

22.0 (1.82)

22.4 (1.58)

76.7 (1.47)

71.9 (1.57)79.0 (0.72)77.5 (0.71)

75.1 (1.87)

74.3 (1.61)

2.2 (0.45)4.3 (0.73)3.3 (0.33)

3.4 (0.31)

2.9 (0.71)3.3 (0.64)

20.2 (1.69)

24.8 (1.75)16.1 (1.16)20.0 (1.16)

21.9 (2.41)

20.8 (1.75)

73.7 (1.94)

65.9 (1.94)74.3 (1.33)68.4 (1.25)

71.0 (2.56)

71.2 (1.98)

6.1 (1.07)9.3 (1.20)9.6 (0.83)

11.6 (0.85)

7.1 (1.23)8.0 (1.31)

23.5 (3.25)

19.7 (2.31)12.0 (1.89)

15.0 (1.71)

24.6 (4.33)

11.7 (1.54)

56.4 (3.57)

58.6 (2.97)53.3 (2.58)

47.4 (2.31)

54.9 (4.42)

65.1 (2.47)

20.1 (2.86)

21.7 (2.34)34.8 (2.57)

37.6 (2.29)

20.6 (3.28)

23.2 (2.13)

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

nts, ‘‘Would you say [subject name’s] health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ Proxy responses were allowed for adults not taking part in this portion of the interview; however, the

h status (possibly by proxy) for the Sample Adult only. ‘‘Excellent’’ and ‘‘very good’’ are combined in this table, as are ‘‘fair’’ and ‘‘poor.’’ All sample adult respondents were also asked, ‘‘Compared with twelve

orse, or about the same?’’

e denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater

mbinations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups (25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over).

hool equivalency diploma.

0 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for persons under age 65 (18–44 years

aged 65 and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

ews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using four age

nd 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XIV in Appendix III.

Survey, 2010.

Page 84[ Series 10, No. 252
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 85

Table 24. Frequency distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected characteristic

All persons

aged

18 years

and over

All current

smokers2

Smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Every day

smokers2

Some day

smokers2

Former

smokers3 Nonsmokers4

Number in thousands5

Total6 ................................... 229,505 44,114 34,508 9,606 49,473 134,406

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110,929

118,576

23,725

20,389

18,439

16,069

5,286

4,320

28,075

21,398

58,466

75,940

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

110,615

80,198

21,291

17,401

23,693

16,793

2,748

880

17,581

13,879

2,352

696

6,113

2,914

396

184

14,007

20,357

8,361

6,749

72,403

42,382

10,046

9,575

Race

One race7 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races8 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

226,314

185,330

27,807

1,795

11,096

284

3,191

625

1,394

43,343

36,196

5,596

440

1,050

*61

771

117

403

33,902

28,579

4,163

318

793

*49

606

93

327

9,441

7,617

1,434

*122

257

†

165

*23

*76

48,713

43,031

3,877

406

1,370

†

760

*96

428

132,765

104,992

18,092

854

8,633

194

1,641

413

545

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

32,094

19,712

197,411

156,119

26,689

3,977

2,401

40,137

32,650

5,440

2,376

1,327

32,131

26,417

4,082

1,600

1,074

8,006

6,233

1,358

4,670

2,689

44,803

38,774

3,692

23,225

14,502

111,181

83,798

17,317

Education10

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED11 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

28,159

53,058

56,710

61,185

7,005

13,738

12,107

5,204

5,940

11,479

9,518

3,297

1,066

2,259

2,589

1,908

6,551

13,113

14,728

13,084

14,334

25,747

29,488

42,630

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

74,281

141,904

31,868

38,780

26,379

44,877

19,518

22,582

6,946

7,107

4,227

4,302

15,752

17,204

5,431

5,589

3,150

3,034

3,765

5,378

1,514

1,518

1,077

1,269

14,373

31,710

6,860

8,658

5,806

10,385

39,848

86,908

17,844

22,853

16,226

29,986

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

28,677

36,390

145,271

8,232

9,302

23,124

6,582

7,524

17,674

1,650

1,778

5,450

4,032

6,929

33,907

16,200

19,894

87,448

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 86 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 24. Frequency distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

aged

18 years All current Every day Some day Former

Selected characteristic and over smokers2 smokers2 smokers2 smokers3 Nonsmokers4

Health insurance coverage14 Number in thousands5

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 19,667 14,725 4,942 24,776 78,116

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 5,449 4,573 876 2,229 10,207

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 2,231 1,881 350 1,908 3,843

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 12,972 10,210 2,762 5,269 22,160

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 1,630 1,360 270 8,227 10,618

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 458 403 *54 773 1,371

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 1,225 1,043 182 4,806 6,434

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 267 197 *70 1,151 958

Uninsured ............................... 379 † † † 129 202

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 18,229 14,447 3,783 31,114 74,292

Widowed ................................. 13,676 1,705 1,361 344 4,096 7,720

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 7,215 5,885 1,329 6,654 11,887

Never married.............................. 49,249 10,963 8,016 2,947 4,894 33,091

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 5,949 4,753 1,197 2,649 7,266

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 20,582 15,286 5,296 24,888 75,014

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 14,114 11,143 2,971 16,184 41,108

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 9,418 8,079 1,339 8,401 18,284

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 7,005 5,552 1,453 9,402 23,937

Midwest ................................. 53,316 11,545 9,127 2,418 11,784 29,606

South ................................... 81,721 17,072 13,571 3,501 16,986 47,152

West ................................... 53,891 8,492 6,258 2,234 11,302 33,710

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 2,585 1,492 1,093 3,079 10,739

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 1,392 885 507 1,591 12,486

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 17,023 13,774 3,249 21,596 36,738

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 15,628 12,643 2,985 17,178 47,061

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 2,946 2,242 704 2,026 6,917

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 2,494 1,840 654 1,665 10,401

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

1

Based on two survey questions: ‘‘Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in your entire life?’’ and ‘‘Do you now smoke cigarettes every day, some days, or not at all?’’ 

2

Current smokers have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and still currently smoke; every day smokers are current smokers who smoke every day; and some day smokers are current 

smokers who smoke on some days.

3

Persons who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime but currently do not smoke at all.

4

Persons who have never smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime.

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add to totals

due to rounding.

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group.

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 87

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type 

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in 

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that 

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). 

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in 

a metropolitan statistical area. 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010. 
Page 88 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 25. Age-adjusted percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

Smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

All current Every day Some day Former

Selected characteristic Total smokers2 smokers2 smokers2 smokers3 Nonsmokers4

Percent distribution5 (standard error)

Total6 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 19.3 (0.32) 15.0 (0.29) 4.3 (0.15) 21.1 (0.29) 59.6 (0.40)

Total6 (crude) .............................. 100.0 19.3 (0.32) 15.1 (0.29) 4.2 (0.15) 21.7 (0.32) 59.0 (0.40)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 21.2 (0.46) 16.4 (0.42) 4.8 (0.23) 25.5 (0.45) 53.3 (0.57)

Female .................................. 100.0 17.5 (0.40) 13.7 (0.36) 3.8 (0.20) 17.3 (0.35) 65.2 (0.49)

Age7

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 21.5 (0.49) 16.0 (0.43) 5.6 (0.26) 12.7 (0.35) 65.8 (0.55)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 21.1 (0.52) 17.5 (0.49) 3.7 (0.22) 25.6 (0.56) 53.3 (0.67)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 13.0 (0.71) 11.1 (0.66) 1.9 (0.27) 39.5 (1.12) 47.5 (1.11)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 5.1 (0.54) 4.0 (0.48) 1.1 (0.23) 39.2 (1.19) 55.7 (1.20)

Race

One race8 ................................ 100.0 19.3 (0.33) 15.0 (0.29) 4.3 (0.16) 21.0 (0.29) 59.7 (0.40)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.8 (0.38) 15.5 (0.34) 4.3 (0.18) 22.4 (0.33) 57.8 (0.46)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 19.5 (0.69) 14.5 (0.61) 5.0 (0.40) 14.8 (0.62) 65.6 (0.85)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 26.6 (3.56) 18.5 (3.22) 8.1 (2.21) 22.8 (3.48) 50.6 (4.01)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 9.3 (0.81) 7.1 (0.69) 2.2 (0.40) 12.9 (0.98) 77.8 (1.20)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 *19.6 (6.38) *16.3 (6.13) † 17.1 (4.17) 63.2 (6.59)

Two or more races9 .......................... 100.0 23.1 (2.28) 18.5 (2.00) 4.5 (0.98) 28.5 (2.59) 48.4 (2.78)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 22.4 (6.21) *19.4 (6.21) *3.0 (1.30) *17.0 (5.35) 60.6 (5.70)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 27.4 (4.00) 22.3 (3.60) *5.1 (1.88) 31.5 (4.27) 41.0 (4.74)

Hispanic or Latino origin10 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 12.2 (0.57) 7.6 (0.45) 4.7 (0.35) 16.5 (0.69) 71.2 (0.81)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 12.0 (0.76) 7.0 (0.60) 5.0 (0.47) 16.0 (0.89) 72.0 (1.07)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 20.7 (0.37) 16.5 (0.34) 4.3 (0.17) 21.7 (0.32) 57.6 (0.44)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 21.7 (0.45) 17.4 (0.40) 4.3 (0.21) 23.4 (0.38) 54.9 (0.53)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 19.8 (0.70) 14.8 (0.63) 5.0 (0.40) 14.6 (0.63) 65.5 (0.87)

Education11

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 27.1 (0.92) 22.8 (0.88) 4.2 (0.38) 20.7 (0.81) 52.2 (1.06)

High school diploma or GED12 ................... 100.0 27.1 (0.72) 22.5 (0.67) 4.6 (0.36) 23.4 (0.62) 49.5 (0.79)

Some college .............................. 100.0 21.2 (0.62) 16.6 (0.56) 4.6 (0.27) 26.2 (0.66) 52.6 (0.73)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 8.3 (0.39) 5.2 (0.30) 3.1 (0.24) 22.1 (0.57) 69.6 (0.65)

Family income13

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 27.6 (0.59) 22.3 (0.57) 5.3 (0.26) 18.4 (0.42) 54.0 (0.63)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 15.6 (0.37) 11.8 (0.33) 3.8 (0.19) 22.6 (0.41) 61.8 (0.50)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 22.4 (0.84) 17.4 (0.76) 5.0 (0.43) 20.7 (0.74) 56.9 (0.98)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 18.0 (0.71) 14.1 (0.66) 3.9 (0.36) 22.5 (0.75) 59.6 (0.95)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 15.2 (0.85) 11.3 (0.76) 3.9 (0.45) 23.2 (0.98) 61.6 (1.15)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 9.1 (0.58) 6.5 (0.49) 2.6 (0.30) 23.7 (0.83) 67.1 (0.92)

Poverty status14

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 28.4 (0.87) 22.9 (0.83) 5.5 (0.39) 16.0 (0.65) 55.6 (0.98)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 26.2 (0.80) 21.3 (0.76) 4.9 (0.40) 19.1 (0.71) 54.7 (0.88)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 15.8 (0.36) 11.9 (0.32) 3.9 (0.20) 22.9 (0.39) 61.3 (0.48)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 89

Table 25. Age-adjusted percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

All current Every day Some day Former

Selected characteristic Total smokers2 smokers2 smokers2 smokers3 Nonsmokers4

Health insurance coverage15 Percent distribution5 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 16.1 (0.40) 11.9 (0.35) 4.2 (0.22) 18.9 (0.40) 65.0 (0.53)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 30.7 (1.16) 25.8 (1.11) 4.9 (0.50) 13.1 (0.81) 56.2 (1.19)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 26.0 (1.96) 21.2 (1.77) 4.8 (0.95) 20.3 (1.71) 53.7 (2.24)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 32.4 (0.82) 25.7 (0.78) 6.7 (0.42) 13.5 (0.61) 54.1 (0.90)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 7.9 (0.63) 6.5 (0.57) 1.3 (0.23) 40.2 (1.15) 52.0 (1.13)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 16.9 (2.04) 14.9 (1.92) *2.0 (0.66) 29.4 (2.50) 53.7 (2.67)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 9.4 (0.80) 8.0 (0.74) 1.4 (0.29) 38.6 (1.41) 51.9 (1.38)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 11.0 (1.89) 8.0 (1.61) *2.9 (1.06) 48.3 (2.99) 40.8 (2.93)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 † † † 30.5 (6.68) 52.1 (9.71)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 14.6 (0.41) 11.4 (0.38) 3.2 (0.20) 23.9 (0.45) 61.5 (0.54)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 25.4 (4.21) 20.6 (3.66) † 18.9 (2.55) 55.7 (4.32)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 28.2 (0.93) 22.8 (0.88) 5.4 (0.46) 23.5 (0.82) 48.4 (1.04)

Never married.............................. 100.0 21.7 (0.72) 16.3 (0.65) 5.3 (0.36) 15.6 (0.75) 62.7 (0.92)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 34.2 (1.49) 28.0 (1.45) 6.1 (0.63) 21.9 (1.55) 44.0 (1.68)

Place of residence16

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 16.9 (0.41) 12.5 (0.36) 4.4 (0.21) 20.5 (0.39) 62.5 (0.53)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.7 (0.62) 15.5 (0.55) 4.2 (0.28) 22.0 (0.55) 58.3 (0.75)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 26.9 (1.00) 23.0 (0.94) 3.9 (0.35) 21.2 (0.86) 51.9 (1.08)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 17.5 (0.71) 13.8 (0.65) 3.7 (0.41) 22.0 (0.75) 60.5 (0.95)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 21.9 (0.72) 17.2 (0.64) 4.7 (0.33) 21.6 (0.53) 56.6 (0.77)

South ................................... 100.0 20.9 (0.57) 16.5 (0.53) 4.4 (0.26) 20.4 (0.49) 58.7 (0.66)

West ................................... 100.0 15.7 (0.59) 11.5 (0.51) 4.2 (0.28) 21.2 (0.63) 63.1 (0.87)

Hispanic or Latino origin10, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 15.2 (0.89) 9.2 (0.72) 6.0 (0.56) 22.6 (1.10) 62.3 (1.30)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 9.0 (0.63) 5.8 (0.53) 3.2 (0.39) 11.1 (0.76) 79.9 (0.88)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 23.0 (0.62) 18.4 (0.57) 4.6 (0.31) 27.3 (0.59) 49.7 (0.74)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 20.5 (0.57) 16.4 (0.51) 4.0 (0.28) 20.0 (0.47) 59.6 (0.67)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 23.4 (1.12) 17.8 (1.03) 5.6 (0.63) 18.8 (1.05) 57.8 (1.37)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 16.7 (0.93) 12.3 (0.80) 4.4 (0.50) 11.6 (0.71) 71.6 (1.11)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

1

Based on two survey questions: ‘‘Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in your entire life?’’ and ‘‘Do you now smoke cigarettes every day, some days, or not at all?’’ 

2

Current smokers have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and still currently smoke; every day smokers are current smokers who smoke every day; and some day smokers are current 

smokers who smoke on some days. 

3

Persons who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime but currently do not smoke at all. 

4

Persons who have never smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

8

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

9

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

10Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 
Page 90 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75

years and over.

12GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.

13The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

15Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons age 65 and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

16MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XV in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 91

Table 26. Frequency distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected characteristic

All persons

aged

18 years

and over

Alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Lifetime

abstainer2

Former

infrequent2,3

Former

regular2,3

Current

infrequent2,3

Current

regular2,3

Number in thousands4

Total5 ................................... 229,505 46,846 19,398 13,143 30,778 114,977

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110,929

118,576

16,265

30,580

8,358

11,040

7,705

5,439

11,257

19,521

64,885

50,092

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

110,615

80,198

21,291

17,401

23,762

12,570

4,952

5,561

5,225

8,445

3,019

2,709

3,484

5,419

2,275

1,965

14,600

11,552

2,716

1,911

61,469

40,625

8,006

4,878

Race

One race6 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races7 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

226,314

185,330

27,807

1,795

11,096

284

3,191

625

1,394

46,242

33,093

8,040

481

4,532

*96

604

142

308

19,168

15,293

2,908

190

734

†

231

†

*115

13,026

11,214

1,365

131

281

†

117

†

*56

30,264

24,661

3,914

219

1,444

†

514

*93

258

113,285

97,733

10,886

660

3,927

*78

1,692

348

639

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

32,094

19,712

197,411

156,119

26,689

9,956

5,999

36,889

23,963

7,745

2,266

1,443

17,132

13,299

2,815

1,830

1,279

11,314

9,494

1,318

4,106

2,435

26,672

21,015

3,718

13,102

8,086

101,875

85,808

10,408

Education9

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED10 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

28,159

53,058

56,710

61,185

8,696

10,606

8,694

8,537

3,876

6,186

5,088

3,364

2,953

3,796

3,368

2,476

3,217

7,798

9,092

7,744

8,779

23,448

29,504

38,199

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

74,281

141,904

31,868

38,780

26,379

44,877

20,266

23,568

6,853

7,373

4,060

5,282

8,155

9,937

3,087

2,925

1,868

2,057

5,927

6,627

1,873

2,004

1,022

1,728

9,414

19,865

4,851

5,823

3,579

5,612

28,944

79,855

14,595

20,054

15,478

29,727

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

28,677

36,390

145,271

9,121

9,781

22,726

2,919

3,943

10,510

2,075

2,746

7,158

3,746

4,667

19,920

10,091

14,655

82,803

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 92 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 26. Frequency distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

aged

18 years Lifetime Former Former Current Current

Selected characteristic and over abstainer2 infrequent2,3 regular2,3 infrequent2,3 regular2,3

Health insurance coverage13 Number in thousands4

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 18,702 7,933 4,693 17,276 72,604

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 6,151 1,873 1,294 2,635 5,561

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 1,581 995 831 1,245 3,213

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 9,690 2,797 2,034 4,864 20,412

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 5,015 3,004 1,995 2,704 7,620

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 1,121 445 449 211 358

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 3,746 1,954 1,365 1,380 3,843

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 453 292 379 280 935

Uninsured ............................... 379 152 *29 *34 *50 114

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 22,691 11,382 7,371 17,692 63,322

Widowed ................................. 13,676 4,825 2,203 1,292 1,604 3,409

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 3,918 2,757 2,011 4,005 12,694

Never married.............................. 49,249 13,681 2,271 1,515 5,087 25,460

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 1,637 786 950 2,335 9,990

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 25,138 8,721 5,772 15,014 64,228

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 13,965 6,117 4,404 10,613 35,717

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 7,742 4,560 2,967 5,152 15,032

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 8,093 2,875 1,988 5,428 21,501

Midwest ................................. 53,316 8,730 4,421 3,087 8,011 27,853

South ................................... 81,721 18,803 8,280 4,665 10,678 37,829

West ................................... 53,891 11,219 3,822 3,404 6,661 27,793

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 3,497 986 1,163 1,644 8,670

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 6,460 1,280 667 2,462 4,432

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 8,392 5,758 5,528 7,582 47,135

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 15,571 7,541 3,966 13,432 38,673

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 2,660 1,118 763 1,240 5,788

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 5,085 1,697 555 2,478 4,620

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

†Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 1

Derived from several source questions: ‘‘In ANY ONE YEAR, have you had at least 12 drinks of any type of alcoholic beverage?’’; ‘‘In your ENTIRE LIFE, have you had at least 12 drinks of any type of 

alcoholic beverage?’’; and ‘‘In the PAST YEAR, how often did you drink any type of alcoholic beverage?’’ 

2

Categories are based on the same definitions used in the ‘‘Health, United States’’ publications (see Appendix II) and are derived from respondents’ self-reported responses to a series of questions 

about alcohol consumption. A lifetime abstainer had fewer than 12 drinks in his or her lifetime; a former drinker had at least 12 drinks in his or her lifetime or in any 1 year AND had no drink in the past 

year; and a current drinker had at least 12 drinks in his or her lifetime or in any 1 year AND had a drink 1–365 times in the past year. 3

Former infrequent drinkers had at least 12 drinks in their lifetime but fewer than 12 drinks in any 1 year and no drinks in the last year. Former regular drinkers had at least 12 drinks in any 1 year and 

no drinks in the last year. Current infrequent drinkers had at least 12 drinks in their lifetime and fewer than 12 drinks in the past year, and current regular drinkers had at least 12 drinks in the past 

year. Former and current drinkers for whom the frequency of consumption or amount consumed was unknown are not included. 4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add to totals 

due to rounding. 5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 93

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 94 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 27. Age-adjusted percent distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Lifetime Former Former Current

Selected characteristic Total abstainer2 infrequent2,3 regular2,3 Current infrequent2,3 regular2,3

Percent distribution4 (standard error)

Total5 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 21.1 (0.36) 8.3 (0.19) 5.7 (0.17) 13.5 (0.26) 51.0 (0.44)

Total5 (crude) .............................. 100.0 20.7 (0.35) 8.6 (0.20) 5.8 (0.18) 13.6 (0.26) 50.9 (0.44)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 15.3 (0.45) 7.6 (0.28) 7.0 (0.27) 10.3 (0.34) 59.2 (0.60)

Female .................................. 100.0 26.2 (0.49) 9.0 (0.28) 4.5 (0.21) 16.7 (0.39) 43.4 (0.56)

Age6

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 21.8 (0.49) 4.8 (0.23) 3.2 (0.19) 13.4 (0.38) 56.4 (0.60)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 16.0 (0.47) 10.7 (0.42) 6.9 (0.31) 14.7 (0.44) 51.6 (0.65)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 23.6 (0.95) 14.4 (0.78) 10.8 (0.70) 12.9 (0.74) 38.1 (1.11)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 32.6 (1.19) 15.9 (0.89) 11.5 (0.77) 11.2 (0.78) 28.6 (1.16)

Race

One race7 ................................ 100.0 21.1 (0.36) 8.3 (0.19) 5.7 (0.18) 13.5 (0.27) 51.0 (0.45)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 18.4 (0.39) 8.0 (0.21) 5.9 (0.20) 13.5 (0.30) 53.9 (0.50)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 30.3 (0.93) 11.1 (0.55) 5.5 (0.42) 14.0 (0.66) 38.7 (0.94)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 30.1 (4.38) 11.1 (2.42) 7.6 (1.97) 12.2 (2.60) 38.8 (3.62)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 41.9 (1.49) 7.2 (0.85) 2.7 (0.40) 13.0 (0.96) 35.0 (1.33)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 34.7 (6.31) *14.0 (6.21) 19.0 (5.52) *8.0 (3.79) 24.3 (6.94)

Two or more races8 .......................... 100.0 19.6 (2.43) 8.2 (1.47) 4.8 (1.33) 17.0 (2.14) 50.4 (2.90)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 16.2 (3.81) † † 24.3 (5.06) 51.1 (6.67)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 24.6 (4.16) *7.3 (2.21) *4.5 (1.75) 17.3 (3.19) 46.3 (4.68)

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 32.0 (0.82) 8.1 (0.49) 6.9 (0.51) 13.0 (0.58) 39.4 (0.86)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 31.2 (1.04) 8.5 (0.69) 8.1 (0.74) 12.4 (0.76) 39.1 (1.15)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 19.2 (0.38) 8.3 (0.21) 5.5 (0.19) 13.7 (0.29) 53.0 (0.48)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 15.6 (0.43) 7.9 (0.24) 5.7 (0.22) 13.7 (0.35) 56.8 (0.55)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 30.4 (0.96) 11.2 (0.56) 5.5 (0.43) 13.9 (0.68) 38.6 (0.96)

Education10

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 30.9 (1.00) 12.6 (0.67) 9.5 (0.55) 11.9 (0.69) 34.6 (0.98)

High school diploma or GED11 ................... 100.0 19.9 (0.63) 11.2 (0.47) 6.9 (0.41) 15.2 (0.57) 46.4 (0.82)

Some college .............................. 100.0 16.1 (0.57) 9.0 (0.39) 5.9 (0.33) 16.2 (0.56) 52.5 (0.78)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 14.8 (0.54) 5.7 (0.33) 4.2 (0.30) 12.7 (0.50) 62.5 (0.78)

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 27.3 (0.57) 10.8 (0.39) 7.8 (0.31) 13.1 (0.41) 40.7 (0.66)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 17.5 (0.43) 7.1 (0.25) 4.8 (0.22) 14.1 (0.36) 56.3 (0.55)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 21.7 (0.85) 9.4 (0.61) 5.7 (0.45) 15.5 (0.69) 47.2 (1.00)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 19.7 (0.80) 7.5 (0.46) 5.4 (0.43) 15.0 (0.64) 52.0 (0.94)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 16.2 (0.99) 7.2 (0.64) 4.1 (0.47) 13.7 (0.90) 58.5 (1.21)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 13.1 (0.73) 4.8 (0.43) 4.0 (0.42) 12.6 (0.67) 65.4 (1.01)

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 32.9 (0.92) 11.4 (0.60) 8.4 (0.53) 12.9 (0.63) 33.7 (0.92)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 27.0 (0.83) 11.0 (0.57) 7.7 (0.45) 13.1 (0.60) 40.9 (0.88)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 16.3 (0.42) 7.0 (0.23) 4.9 (0.20) 13.7 (0.35) 57.8 (0.53)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 95

Table 27. Age-adjusted percent distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Lifetime Former Former Current

Selected characteristic Total abstainer2 infrequent2,3 regular2,3 Current infrequent2,3 regular2,3

Health insurance coverage14 Percent distribution4 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 15.8 (0.44) 6.0 (0.25) 3.6 (0.19) 14.0 (0.38) 60.2 (0.58)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 34.5 (1.28) 11.1 (0.77) 7.8 (0.67) 14.6 (0.92) 31.2 (1.19)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 21.7 (2.03) 9.6 (1.15) 7.9 (1.15) 15.4 (1.56) 45.0 (2.36)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 24.1 (0.78) 7.4 (0.50) 5.3 (0.39) 12.3 (0.59) 50.4 (0.91)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 24.8 (1.03) 14.8 (0.78) 9.8 (0.70) 13.3 (0.78) 37.2 (1.13)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 44.2 (2.61) 17.0 (1.94) 17.1 (2.09) 8.0 (1.52) 13.5 (1.96)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 30.9 (1.34) 16.0 (1.03) 11.1 (0.87) 11.1 (0.94) 30.7 (1.33)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.3 (2.33) 12.5 (2.11) 16.0 (2.34) 11.8 (1.97) 40.0 (3.05)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 47.7 (7.30) *8.5 (4.08) *10.3 (4.74) *9.9 (3.64) 23.6 (4.85)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 19.0 (0.48) 8.7 (0.28) 5.9 (0.25) 14.5 (0.39) 51.6 (0.61)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 29.8 (3.80) 14.0 (3.43) 5.6 (1.33) 16.6 (3.34) 33.6 (3.88)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 16.0 (0.69) 9.7 (0.58) 6.8 (0.44) 15.4 (0.75) 51.8 (1.00)

Never married.............................. 100.0 27.3 (0.85) 7.7 (0.57) 5.6 (0.51) 11.4 (0.59) 47.5 (0.96)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 10.7 (1.13) 6.4 (0.99) 8.1 (1.11) 13.9 (1.13) 60.6 (1.81)

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 21.6 (0.47) 7.2 (0.27) 4.9 (0.21) 12.5 (0.34) 53.5 (0.59)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.9 (0.67) 8.4 (0.35) 6.0 (0.32) 14.9 (0.51) 50.6 (0.85)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 21.6 (1.05) 11.6 (0.64) 7.6 (0.54) 14.8 (0.70) 43.6 (1.18)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 20.8 (0.84) 6.7 (0.42) 4.6 (0.40) 13.6 (0.66) 54.1 (0.97)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 17.0 (0.63) 8.2 (0.40) 5.7 (0.34) 15.3 (0.56) 53.5 (0.85)

South ................................... 100.0 23.7 (0.63) 9.9 (0.35) 5.6 (0.29) 13.2 (0.43) 47.1 (0.82)

West ................................... 100.0 21.4 (0.76) 7.2 (0.37) 6.4 (0.38) 12.4 (0.50) 52.2 (0.87)

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 20.8 (1.10) 7.1 (0.66) 9.0 (0.81) 10.8 (0.84) 51.2 (1.29)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 42.8 (1.15) 9.0 (0.69) 4.9 (0.60) 15.5 (0.82) 27.4 (1.08)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 11.7 (0.55) 7.2 (0.33) 6.9 (0.33) 10.2 (0.45) 63.6 (0.74)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 19.0 (0.60) 8.7 (0.35) 4.7 (0.28) 17.1 (0.53) 50.4 (0.73)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 23.3 (1.42) 10.7 (0.88) 7.6 (0.74) 10.4 (0.86) 47.5 (1.55)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 35.8 (1.24) 11.8 (0.74) 4.1 (0.47) 16.7 (0.94) 31.5 (1.16)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

Derived from several source questions: ‘‘In ANY ONE YEAR, have you had at least 12 drinks of any type of alcoholic beverage?’’; ‘‘In your ENTIRE LIFE, have you had at least 12 drinks of any type

of alcoholic beverage?’’; and ‘‘In the PAST YEAR, how often did you drink any type of alcoholic beverage?’’

2

Categories are based on the same definitions used in the ‘‘Health, United States’’ publications (see Appendix II) and are derived from respondents’ self-reported responses to a series of questions

about alcohol consumption. A lifetime abstainer had fewer than 12 drinks in his or her lifetime; a former drinker had at least 12 drinks in his or her lifetime or in any one year AND had no drink in the 

past year; and a current drinker had at least 12 drinks in his or her lifetime or in any one year AND had a drink 1–365 times in the past year. 

3

Former infrequent drinkers had at least 12 drinks in their lifetime but fewer than 12 drinks in any 1 year and no drinks in the last year. Former regular drinkers had at least 12 drinks in any 1 year and 

no drinks in the last year. Current infrequent drinkers had at least 12 drinks in their lifetime and fewer than 12 drinks in the past year, and current regular drinkers had at least 12 drinks in the past 

year. Former and current drinkers for whom the frequency of consumption or amount consumed was unknown are not included. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 
Page 96 [ Series 10, No. 252

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XVI in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 97

Table 28. Frequency distributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal

physical activity guidelines among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Met neither Met both

All persons aerobic nor Met muscle- muscleaged 18 Sufficiently muscle- strengthening strengthening

years and Insufficiently active strengthening guidelines Met aerobic and aerobic

Selected characteristic over Inactive active (met guidelines) guidelines only guidelines only guidelines

Number in thousands4

Total5 .............................. 229,505 73,724 45,866 105,497 111,088 8,347 59,428 45,741

Sex

Male. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,929 32,197 19,937 56,640 47,652 4,387 29,350 27,075

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 41,527 25,928 48,856 63,436 3,960 30,079 18,666

Age 

18–44 years .......................... 110,615 29,551 20,788 58,514 46,764 3,479 30,402 27,921 

45–64 years .......................... 80,198 25,704 17,320 35,463 39,979 2,995 21,456 13,903 

65–74 years .......................... 21,291 8,793 4,545 7,482 12,448 891 4,618 2,831 

75 years and over ...................... 17,401 9,676 3,212 4,038 11,898 983 2,952 1,086 

Race 

One race6 ........................... 226,314 72,839 45,280 103,840 109,789 8,184 58,651 44,872 

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 57,106 37,138 87,645 87,601 6,530 49,610 37,756 

Black or African American ................ 27,807 11,469 5,346 10,428 15,622 1,170 5,572 4,821 

American Indian or Alaska Native ........... 1,795 655 307 738 911 *51 518 220 

Asian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 3,547 2,423 4,881 5,528 430 2,887 1,991 

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...... 284 *63 *66 *148 127 † *64 *84 

Two or more races7 ..................... 3,191 885 586 1,657 1,299 *163 777 869 

Black or African American, white ............ 625 152 *124 342 266 † 119 223 

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ....... 1,394 492 264 606 652 *104 330 270 

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race 

Hispanic or Latino ...................... 32,094 13,480 5,956 12,292 18,349 1,078 7,258 5,005 

Mexican or Mexican American ............. 19,712 8,206 3,776 7,557 11,359 620 4,651 2,895 

Not Hispanic or Latino .................... 197,411 60,244 39,909 93,205 92,739 7,269 52,170 40,736 

White, single race ..................... 156,119 44,734 31,693 76,568 70,764 5,560 43,069 33,249 

Black or African American, single race ........ 26,689 11,014 5,140 9,984 14,994 1,137 5,299 4,650 

Education9

Less than a high school diploma ............. 28,159 15,758 4,868 6,937 19,692 931 5,061 1,866 

High school diploma or GED10............... 53,058 22,668 10,532 18,650 31,262 1,926 12,537 6,073 

Some college ......................... 56,710 16,585 12,696 26,089 26,804 2,420 15,455 10,526 

Bachelor’s degree or higher ................ 61,185 10,928 12,413 36,963 21,243 2,047 18,195 18,616 

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ...................... 74,281 33,476 13,735 25,552 44,382 2,777 15,835 9,682 

$35,000 or more ....................... 141,904 35,786 29,900 73,858 60,578 5,006 40,029 33,583 

$35,000–$49,999 ..................... 31,868 11,187 6,705 13,361 16,718 1,160 8,036 5,258 

$50,000–$74,999 ..................... 38,780 11,248 8,608 18,333 18,151 1,676 10,466 7,823 

$75,000–$99,999 ..................... 26,379 5,992 5,563 14,370 10,716 807 7,838 6,496 

$100,000 or more ..................... 44,877 7,358 9,025 27,793 14,992 1,362 13,689 14,005 

Poverty status12

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 13,541 4,944 9,690 17,411 1,042 5,955 3,731 

Near poor ........................... 36,390 15,658 7,195 12,825 21,611 1,224 8,260 4,527 

Not poor ............................ 145,271 36,469 30,306 75,922 61,347 5,331 40,876 34,812 

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 98 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 28. Frequency distributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal

physical activity guidelines among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Met neither Met both

All persons aerobic nor Met muscle- muscleaged 18 Sufficiently muscle- strengthening strengthening

years and Insufficiently active strengthening guidelines Met aerobic and aerobic

Selected characteristic over Inactive active (met guidelines) guidelines only guidelines only guidelines

Health insurance coverage13 Number in thousands4

Under 65 years:

Private ............................ 123,257 26,965 25,921 68,262 48,777 4,035 36,227 31,808

Medicaid ........................... 18,030 8,940 2,991 5,622 11,342 563 3,834 1,788

Other ............................. 8,012 3,370 1,580 2,935 4,500 435 1,653 1,281

Uninsured .......................... 40,684 15,649 7,522 16,788 21,736 1,402 9,878 6,842

65 years and over:

Private ............................ 20,579 8,906 4,360 6,870 12,152 1,114 4,487 2,364

Medicare and Medicaid .................. 2,633 1,784 463 344 2,132 116 279 *66

Medicare only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,633 6,463 2,365 3,439 8,277 544 2,213 1,223

Other ............................. 2,406 1,097 464 775 1,462 100 534 231

Uninsured .......................... 379 178 *91 *84 269 – *54 †

Marital status

Married ............................. 124,307 37,371 26,359 58,237 59,418 4,226 34,384 23,734

Widowed ............................ 13,676 7,551 2,662 3,166 9,512 693 2,138 1,013

Divorced or separated .................... 26,083 9,753 5,168 10,514 13,792 1,113 5,974 4,469

Never married ......................... 49,249 13,934 8,590 25,848 20,703 1,776 12,281 13,479

Living with a partner ..................... 15,915 5,023 3,065 7,587 7,556 532 4,588 2,969

Place of residence14

Large MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,307 37,528 23,439 58,264 56,486 4,404 31,601 26,463

Small MSA........................... 71,921 21,562 15,109 33,815 34,196 2,421 19,299 14,461

Not in MSA .......................... 36,277 14,634 7,318 13,418 20,406 1,523 8,528 4,816

Region

Northeast............................ 40,577 13,933 7,381 18,254 19,637 1,653 10,392 7,738

Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,316 16,406 11,827 23,835 25,996 2,147 13,194 10,568

South .............................. 81,721 28,799 15,802 35,905 41,915 2,662 21,002 14,828

West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,891 14,586 10,855 27,503 23,540 1,885 14,840 12,607

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male .................. 16,529 6,305 2,778 7,250 8,399 680 3,835 3,390

Hispanic or Latina, female ................. 15,565 7,175 3,178 5,042 9,950 399 3,423 1,615

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ................. 75,723 19,899 13,679 40,669 30,704 2,809 21,494 19,015

White, single race, female ................ 80,396 24,835 18,015 35,898 40,060 2,751 21,575 14,234

Black or African American, single race, male..... 11,959 4,120 2,233 5,349 5,736 600 2,308 3,017

Black or African American, single race, female . . . 14,730 6,895 2,907 4,636 9,258 537 2,990 1,633

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Starting with ‘‘Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010,’’ measures of physical activity shown are changed to reflect the federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity

Guidelines for Americans’’ (available from: http://www.health.gov/PAGuidelines/). This new table shows both frequencies for adults who met the guidelines’ aerobic component and frequencies for

adults who met the full physical activity guidelines, including strengthening as well as aerobic activities. The 2008 federal guidelines recommend that for substantial health benefits, adults should

perform at least 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) a week of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15 minutes) a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, or an equivalent

combination. Aerobic activity should be performed in episodes of at least 10 minutes that are preferably spread throughout the week. The guidelines also recommend that adults perform musclestrengthening activities of moderate or high intensity involving all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week for additional health benefits. NHIS questions ask about frequency and duration of

light- to moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activities, and frequency of leisure-time strengthening activities. Questions are phrased in terms of current behavior and lack a

specific reference period.

2

‘‘Inactive’’ is participating in no leisure-time aerobic activity that lasted at least 10 minutes. ‘‘Insufficiently active’’ is participating in aerobic activities for 10 minutes or more but less than 150 minutes

per week. ‘‘Sufficiently active,’’ which meets 2008 federal physical activity guidelines, is participating in moderate-intensity leisure-time physical activity 150 minutes or more per week, or in vigorousintensity leisure-time physical activity 75 minutes or more per week, or an equivalent combination.

3

Categories are mutually exclusive. Adults who met neither the aerobic nor muscle-strengthening 2008 federal physical activity guidelines may have engaged in lesser amounts of activity. Meeting only

the strengthening guidelines means participating in leisure-time muscle-strengthening activities 2 or more days per week with either no leisure-time aerobic activity or aerobic activity that did not meet

the guidelines. Meeting only the aerobic activity guidelines means participating in moderate-intensity leisure-time physical activities 150 minutes or more per week or vigorous-intensity activities 75

minutes or more per week, or an equivalent combination, and not meeting the strengthening guidelines. Meeting both aerobic and strengthening guidelines is defined in footnote 1. The sum of

frequencies for adults who met the aerobic-only guidelines and for those who met both the aerobic and strengthening guidelines equals (within rounding error) the frequency of adults identified as

‘‘sufficiently active’’ according to the 2008 federal guidelines for aerobic activity.

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add to totals

because of rounding.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 99

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 

13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type 

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in 

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that 

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). 

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in 

a metropolitan statistical area. 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010. 
ributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal physical activity guidelines among

y selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Met neither Met bothaerobic nor Met muscle- muscleSufficiently muscle- strengthening strengthening

Insufficiently active strengthening guidelines Met aerobic and aerobic

Total Inactive active (met guidelines) Total guidelines only guidelines only guidelines

Percent distribution4 (standard error)

...... 100.0 32.6 (0.48) 20.2 (0.34) 47.2 (0.46) 100.0 49.2 (0.46) 3.7 (0.15) 26.4 (0.39) 20.7 (0.35)

...... 100.0 32.8 (0.48) 20.4 (0.34) 46.9 (0.46) 100.0 49.5 (0.46) 3.7 (0.15) 26.5 (0.39) 20.4 (0.35)

...... 100.0 29.7 (0.60) 18.2 (0.46) 52.1 (0.65) 100.0 43.9 (0.63) 4.1 (0.23) 26.9 (0.54) 25.1 (0.54)

...... 100.0 35.2 (0.59) 22.2 (0.44) 42.6 (0.56) 100.0 54.1 (0.57) 3.3 (0.19) 26.2 (0.49) 16.4 (0.41)

...... 100.0 27.1 (0.58) 19.1 (0.46) 53.8 (0.62) 100.0 43.1 (0.61) 3.2 (0.20) 28.0 (0.54) 25.7 (0.51)

...... 100.0 32.7 (0.68) 22.1 (0.55) 45.2 (0.68) 100.0 51.0 (0.69) 3.8 (0.25) 27.4 (0.59) 17.7 (0.53)

...... 100.0 42.2 (1.24) 21.8 (0.97) 35.9 (1.18) 100.0 59.9 (1.23) 4.3 (0.48) 22.2 (1.00) 13.6 (0.79)

...... 100.0 57.2 (1.31) 19.0 (0.97) 23.9 (1.07) 100.0 70.3 (1.16) 5.8 (0.57) 17.4 (0.96) 6.4 (0.62)

...... 100.0 32.6 (0.48) 20.2 (0.34) 47.1 (0.46) 100.0 49.2 (0.46) 3.7 (0.16) 26.5 (0.39) 20.6 (0.35)

...... 100.0 31.0 (0.53) 20.2 (0.38) 48.8 (0.51) 100.0 47.7 (0.51) 3.5 (0.17) 27.4 (0.44) 21.3 (0.40)

...... 100.0 43.2 (1.04) 19.5 (0.77) 37.3 (0.95) 100.0 58.5 (0.99) 4.3 (0.41) 20.1 (0.75) 17.2 (0.79)

...... 100.0 39.2 (4.47) 18.8 (3.43) 42.0 (4.53) 100.0 53.9 (4.35) *4.2 (1.77) 29.5 (4.17) 12.5 (2.60)

...... 100.0 33.3 (1.39) 22.5 (1.25) 44.2 (1.46) 100.0 51.7 (1.48) 4.1 (0.59) 26.4 (1.33) 17.8 (1.19)

...... 100.0 *20.2 (7.22) 28.5 (7.89) 51.2 (8.61) 100.0 48.1 (8.49) † 26.3 (6.41) 24.9 (6.16)

...... 100.0 30.9 (2.92) 19.3 (2.14) 49.8 (2.81) 100.0 45.2 (2.79) 5.2 (1.39) 24.0 (2.46) 25.7 (2.39)

...... 100.0 28.2 (4.66) 24.8 (4.79) 47.1 (6.00) 100.0 51.9 (6.04) † 20.9 (5.55) 26.2 (5.39)

....... 100.0 37.6 (5.26) 18.4 (3.30) 44.0 (4.75) 100.0 48.9 (4.76) *7.4 (3.07) 24.4 (4.17) 19.3 (3.58)

e

...... 100.0 44.7 (0.98) 19.1 (0.72) 36.3 (0.88) 100.0 60.1 (0.92) 3.6 (0.37) 21.8 (0.78) 14.4 (0.65)

...... 100.0 44.2 (1.32) 19.9 (0.95) 35.9 (1.17) 100.0 60.7 (1.23) 3.4 (0.45) 22.6 (1.05) 13.2 (0.77)

...... 100.0 30.6 (0.51) 20.4 (0.38) 49.0 (0.50) 100.0 47.3 (0.50) 3.7 (0.17) 27.1 (0.42) 21.8 (0.38)

...... 100.0 28.1 (0.56) 20.5 (0.44) 51.4 (0.57) 100.0 45.1 (0.56) 3.5 (0.19) 28.5 (0.49) 22.8 (0.45)

....... 100.0 43.1 (1.05) 19.6 (0.79) 37.3 (0.97) 100.0 58.4 (1.01) 4.3 (0.42) 19.9 (0.75) 17.3 (0.82)

...... 100.0 55.6 (1.11) 17.4 (0.77) 27.0 (0.97) 100.0 69.9 (1.00) 3.1 (0.34) 19.3 (0.85) 7.7 (0.59)

...... 100.0 42.7 (0.91) 20.1 (0.66) 37.2 (0.83) 100.0 59.1 (0.87) 3.7 (0.31) 24.6 (0.73) 12.6 (0.57)

...... 100.0 30.3 (0.72) 22.9 (0.63) 46.8 (0.74) 100.0 48.8 (0.75) 4.5 (0.30) 27.7 (0.70) 19.1 (0.59)

....... 100.0 19.2 (0.61) 20.5 (0.60) 60.4 (0.76) 100.0 36.1 (0.76) 3.6 (0.28) 30.0 (0.70) 30.3 (0.71)

Page 100[ Series 10, No. 252
ributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal physical activity guidelines among

y selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Met neither Met bothaerobic nor Met muscle- muscleSufficiently muscle- strengthening strengthening

Insufficiently active strengthening guidelines Met aerobic and aerobic

Total Inactive active (met guidelines) Total guidelines only guidelines only guidelines

Percent distribution4 (standard error)

...... 100.0 45.3 (0.75) 18.8 (0.50) 35.9 (0.66) 100.0 60.4 (0.67) 3.8 (0.23) 22.2 (0.54) 13.7 (0.47)

...... 100.0 26.5 (0.52) 21.1 (0.44) 52.4 (0.55) 100.0 43.9 (0.55) 3.7 (0.20) 28.4 (0.48) 24.0 (0.46)

...... 100.0 35.3 (1.02) 21.3 (0.81) 43.4 (1.02) 100.0 53.0 (1.04) 3.7 (0.37) 25.9 (0.84) 17.4 (0.75)

...... 100.0 29.7 (0.90) 22.3 (0.81) 47.9 (0.94) 100.0 47.6 (0.98) 4.5 (0.43) 27.4 (0.86) 20.5 (0.73)

...... 100.0 24.3 (1.09) 21.6 (0.95) 54.1 (1.18) 100.0 42.3 (1.19) 3.6 (0.46) 29.4 (1.10) 24.8 (1.03)

...... 100.0 18.7 (0.84) 19.8 (0.84) 61.5 (1.02) 100.0 35.4 (0.99) 3.1 (0.39) 30.2 (0.94) 31.2 (0.95)

...... 100.0 50.4 (1.04) 17.6 (0.74) 31.9 (0.92) 100.0 64.1 (0.95) 3.9 (0.40) 20.0 (0.74) 12.0 (0.67)

...... 100.0 43.9 (1.00) 20.2 (0.72) 35.9 (0.89) 100.0 60.7 (0.93) 3.5 (0.32) 23.2 (0.79) 12.6 (0.62)

...... 100.0 25.7 (0.50) 20.9 (0.43) 53.4 (0.54) 100.0 42.8 (0.53) 3.8 (0.20) 28.5 (0.48) 24.9 (0.45)...... 100.0 21.7 (0.50) 21.1 (0.47) 57.2 (0.58) 100.0 39.6 (0.57) 3.3 (0.19) 30.0 (0.52) 27.2 (0.52)

...... 100.0 51.7 (1.35) 17.1 (0.99) 31.3 (1.20) 100.0 65.4 (1.22) 3.3 (0.49) 21.5 (1.08) 9.8 (0.75)

...... 100.0 37.4 (2.19) 17.2 (1.47) 45.4 (2.25) 100.0 49.1 (2.25) 5.5 (1.15) 22.4 (1.98) 23.0 (1.92)

...... 100.0 39.8 (0.95) 18.9 (0.71) 41.3 (0.91) 100.0 55.3 (0.93) 3.5 (0.33) 24.6 (0.80) 16.6 (0.66)

...... 100.0 44.5 (1.24) 21.6 (0.98) 33.9 (1.15) 100.0 60.6 (1.23) 5.6 (0.58) 22.2 (0.99) 11.6 (0.73)

....... 100.0 69.2 (2.64) 17.7 (2.08) 13.1 (1.89) 100.0 82.7 (2.13) 4.2 (1.12) 10.6 (1.66) *2.5 (0.84)

. . . . . . 100.0 53.2 (1.49) 19.1 (1.16) 27.7 (1.36) 100.0 67.8 (1.42) 4.5 (0.60) 17.9 (1.09) 9.8 (0.99)

...... 100.0 47.3 (3.11) 20.0 (2.55) 32.7 (2.86) 100.0 63.2 (3.09) 4.3 (1.27) 22.7 (2.80) 9.7 (1.89)

...... 100.0 58.2 (7.68) 21.2 (6.13) *20.7 (6.33) 100.0 79.3 (6.33) – *13.4 (5.28) †

...... 100.0 30.7 (0.62) 21.3 (0.48) 48.1 (0.62) 100.0 48.6 (0.62) 3.4 (0.21) 28.2 (0.53) 19.9 (0.48)

...... 100.0 46.0 (4.32) 21.2 (3.30) 32.8 (3.96) 100.0 65.0 (3.96) 2.2 (0.33) 18.8 (3.31) 14.0 (2.94)

....... 100.0 36.8 (1.07) 19.4 (0.80) 43.8 (1.05) 100.0 52.2 (1.04) 4.1 (0.38) 24.5 (0.93) 19.2 (0.80)

....... 100.0 35.1 (0.95) 18.4 (0.76) 46.5 (0.95) 100.0 50.0 (0.96) 3.6 (0.34) 24.1 (0.79) 22.3 (0.67)

....... 100.0 35.6 (1.76) 18.5 (1.38) 45.9 (1.72) 100.0 51.3 (1.73) 2.8 (0.46) 28.8 (1.56) 17.0 (1.05)

. . . . . . 100.0 31.8 (0.56) 19.5 (0.42) 48.7 (0.58) 100.0 47.6 (0.58) 3.7 (0.20) 26.4 (0.50) 22.3 (0.48)

...... 100.0 30.3 (0.98) 21.2 (0.67) 48.4 (0.92) 100.0 48.2 (0.91) 3.4 (0.24) 27.5 (0.71) 20.9 (0.67)

...... 100.0 40.2 (1.38) 21.0 (0.96) 38.8 (1.07) 100.0 57.0 (1.15) 4.3 (0.50) 24.4 (1.03) 14.3 (0.80)

...... 100.0 34.8 (1.06) 18.4 (0.82) 46.8 (1.19) 100.0 49.2 (1.11) 4.1 (0.39) 26.4 (0.96) 20.2 (0.95)

. . . . . . 100.0 31.3 (0.98) 22.6 (0.72) 46.1 (0.92) 100.0 49.8 (0.94) 4.1 (0.37) 25.4 (0.79) 20.7 (0.66)

...... 100.0 35.6 (0.85) 19.4 (0.56) 44.9 (0.77) 100.0 51.8 (0.79) 3.3 (0.23) 26.1 (0.65) 18.8 (0.53)

. . . . . . 100.0 27.8 (0.96) 20.4 (0.68) 51.9 (0.88) 100.0 44.6 (0.89) 3.6 (0.29) 28.0 (0.78) 23.9 (0.76)

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 101
ributions of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal physical activity guidelines among

y selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Total Inactive

Insufficiently

active

Sufficiently

active

(met guidelines) Total

Met neitheraerobic nor

musclestrengthening

guidelines

Met musclestrengthening

guidelines

only

Met aerobic

guidelines only

Met both

musclestrengthening

and aerobic

guidelines

sex Percent distribution4 (standard error)

......

......

......

......

ale.....

male . . .

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

40.5 (1.32)48.6 (1.25)26.1 (0.71)29.9 (0.72)36.9 (1.61)

48.3 (1.26)

18.0 (0.99)20.4 (0.96)18.2 (0.59)22.8 (0.58)19.1 (1.22)

20.0 (0.98)

41.4 (1.28)31.0 (1.06)55.7 (0.81)47.4 (0.72)44.0 (1.58)

31.7 (1.17)

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

54.4 (1.31)66.1 (1.14)40.5 (0.78)49.4 (0.74)51.0 (1.63)

64.6 (1.19)

4.2 (0.53)3.0 (0.46)3.8 (0.29)3.3 (0.23)5.0 (0.68)

3.7 (0.53)

22.6 (1.08)21.2 (0.99)28.9 (0.67)28.2 (0.65)19.3 (1.15)

20.5 (0.98)

18.8 (1.05)

9.8 (0.67)

26.7 (0.70)19.1 (0.55)24.6 (1.38)

11.2 (0.84)

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010,’’ measures of physical activity shown are changed to reflect the federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’ (available from: http://

ws both percentages of adults who met the guidelines’ aerobic component and percentages of adults who met the full physical activity guidelines, including strengthening as well as aerobic activities. The

ntial health benefits, adults should perform at least 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) a week of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15 minutes) a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical

ity should be performed in episodes of at least 10 minutes that are preferably spread throughout the week. The guidelines also recommend that adults perform muscle-strengthening activities of moderate or

2 or more days a week for additional health benefits. NHIS questions ask about frequency and duration of light- to moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activities, and frequency of

phrased in terms of current behavior and lack a specific reference period.

c activity that lasted at least 10 minutes. ‘‘Insufficiently active’’ is participating in aerobic activities for 10 minutes or more but less than 150 minutes per week. ‘‘Sufficiently active,’’ which meets 2008 federal

rate-intensity leisure-time physical activity 150 minutes or more per week, or in vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activity 75 minutes or more per week, or an equivalent combination.

t neither the aerobic nor muscle-strengthening 2008 federal physical activity guidelines may have engaged in lesser amounts of activity. Meeting only the strengthening guidelines means participating in

ore days per week with either no leisure-time aerobic activity or aerobic activity that did not meet the guidelines. Meeting only the aerobic activity guidelines means participating in moderate-intensity

per week or vigorous-intensity activities 75 minutes or more per week, or an equivalent combination, and not meeting the strengthening guidelines. Meeting both aerobic and strengthening guidelines is

of adults who met the ‘‘aerobic only’’ guideline and the percentage who met both the ‘‘aerobic and strengthening’’ guidelines equals (within rounding error) the percentage of adults identified as ‘‘sufficiently

aerobic activity.

e denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater

mbinations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over.

chool equivalency diploma.

0 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for persons under age 65 (18–44 years

aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table

Survey, 2010.

Page 102[ Series 10, No. 252
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 103

Table 30. Frequency distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

All

persons Body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over1

aged 18

years and Healthy

Selected characteristic over Underweight weight Overweight Obese

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 3,920 78,847 76,771 62,026

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 1,071 32,207 44,970 30,868

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 2,849 46,640 31,800 31,157

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 2,179 43,445 34,610 27,308

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 881 22,491 28,214 25,208

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 281 5,688 8,080 6,459

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 579 7,223 5,867 3,051

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 3,863 77,908 75,814 60,876

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 3,020 64,023 63,063 48,740

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 382 7,476 8,986 10,039

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 † 427 492 700

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 425 5,916 3,194 1,275

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 † † *79 *121

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 *57 939 957 1,149

Black or African American, white ................. 625 † 246 177 168

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 † 341 462 507

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 404 8,648 12,239 9,695

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 191 5,094 7,436 6,257

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 3,517 70,199 64,532 52,331

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 2,667 56,149 51,740 40,092

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 365 7,193 8,617 9,615

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 480 7,908 10,128 8,563

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 777 14,980 18,221 16,982

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 768 16,075 19,655 18,045

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 831 24,082 21,510 12,788

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 1,607 25,646 23,331 21,106

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 2,056 48,549 48,895 38,120

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 458 10,230 10,649 9,472

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 799 12,382 13,407 11,181

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 371 8,573 9,140 7,591

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 428 17,364 15,699 9,876

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 792 10,166 8,734 8,030

Near poor ................................ 36,390 553 11,898 11,514 11,290

Not poor ................................. 145,271 2,126 50,101 50,324 38,169

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 104 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 30. Frequency distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

All

persons Body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over1

aged 18

years and Healthy

Selected characteristic over Underweight weight Overweight Obese

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 1,645 43,368 41,550 32,517

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 429 5,798 5,156 6,047

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 178 2,251 2,652 2,773

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 768 14,165 13,287 10,965

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 385 6,875 7,580 5,038

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 113 711 896 793

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 309 4,292 4,480 3,009

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 *37 842 852 583

Uninsured ............................... 379 † *140 130 84

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 1,418 38,869 44,752 34,750

Widowed ................................. 13,676 439 4,860 4,200 3,607

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 430 7,571 9,006 8,065

Never married.............................. 49,249 1,404 21,364 13,468 11,643

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 229 6,092 5,233 3,911

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 2,177 43,535 40,980 30,315

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 1,159 24,078 24,443 19,995

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 585 11,233 11,348 11,716

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 650 14,674 13,599 9,989

Midwest ................................. 53,316 879 17,626 17,570 15,400

South ................................... 81,721 1,470 26,735 26,968 23,758

West ................................... 53,891 921 19,813 18,635 12,878

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 *137 3,864 7,247 4,877

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 267 4,784 4,992 4,818

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 671 22,132 30,856 21,055

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 1,996 34,017 20,884 19,036

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 *119 3,549 4,353 3,732

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 246 3,645 4,264 5,883

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Calculated from information that respondents supplied in response to survey questions regarding height and weight. For both men and women, underweight is indicated by body mass index (BMI) 

under 18.5; healthy weight is indicated by BMI of 18.5 up to 25.0; overweight is indicated by BMI of 25.0 up to 30.0; and obesity is indicated by BMI of 30.0 or higher. Note that self-reported height and 

weight may differ from actual measurements. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add to totals 

due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 105

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 106 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 31. Age-adjusted percent distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over1

Healthy

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight Overweight Obese

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.10) 36.2 (0.38) 34.4 (0.35) 27.6 (0.35)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 1.8 (0.10) 35.6 (0.39) 34.6 (0.35) 28.0 (0.35)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 1.0 (0.11) 30.2 (0.54) 41.0 (0.53) 27.8 (0.50)

Female .................................. 100.0 2.6 (0.17) 42.0 (0.52) 28.0 (0.45) 27.3 (0.44)

Age4

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 2.0 (0.16) 40.4 (0.56) 32.2 (0.51) 25.4 (0.50)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 1.1 (0.13) 29.3 (0.61) 36.7 (0.62) 32.8 (0.63)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 1.4 (0.24) 27.7 (0.98) 39.4 (1.05) 31.5 (1.05)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 3.5 (0.40) 43.2 (1.23) 35.1 (1.15) 18.2 (0.94)

Race

One race5 ................................ 100.0 1.8 (0.10) 36.3 (0.39) 34.5 (0.35) 27.4 (0.35)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 1.7 (0.12) 36.5 (0.44) 34.9 (0.40) 26.8 (0.40)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 1.5 (0.23) 28.3 (0.80) 33.4 (0.85) 36.9 (0.86)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 † 29.6 (3.47) 29.6 (4.09) 39.6 (4.00)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 4.0 (0.55) 55.0 (1.64) 29.4 (1.46) 11.6 (0.97)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 † *19.1 (6.79) 31.7 (7.75) 43.5 (7.50)

Two or more races6 .......................... 100.0 *1.8 (0.61) 28.4 (2.57) 32.2 (2.76) 37.6 (2.99)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 † 33.9 (4.10) 32.4 (5.18) 30.9 (5.68)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 † 25.0 (3.88) 36.7 (4.86) 36.6 (5.06)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 1.4 (0.23) 27.4 (0.77) 39.3 (0.86) 31.9 (0.83)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 1.1 (0.26) 25.9 (1.01) 38.9 (1.13) 34.1 (1.12)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 1.9 (0.11) 37.7 (0.43) 33.4 (0.38) 27.0 (0.39)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.13) 38.4 (0.51) 33.7 (0.45) 26.1 (0.46)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.5 (0.23) 28.3 (0.83) 33.3 (0.88) 36.8 (0.88)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 1.6 (0.25) 29.1 (0.97) 37.3 (0.97) 32.0 (0.98)

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 100.0 1.5 (0.18) 29.3 (0.70) 35.9 (0.74) 33.4 (0.72)

Some college .............................. 100.0 1.5 (0.17) 30.2 (0.66) 35.9 (0.70) 32.5 (0.69)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 1.5 (0.17) 41.3 (0.75) 36.1 (0.69) 21.1 (0.61)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 2.2 (0.16) 35.6 (0.57) 32.4 (0.56) 29.8 (0.54)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 1.6 (0.13) 36.0 (0.49) 35.3 (0.46) 27.0 (0.46)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 1.5 (0.22) 33.6 (0.91) 34.2 (0.94) 30.6 (0.94)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 2.2 (0.31) 33.4 (0.86) 35.4 (0.86) 29.1 (0.85)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 1.5 (0.30) 34.3 (1.22) 35.2 (1.16) 28.9 (1.14)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 1.2 (0.23) 41.3 (1.05) 36.0 (0.94) 21.5 (0.83)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 2.9 (0.31) 35.5 (0.88) 32.0 (0.87) 29.6 (0.85)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 1.5 (0.20) 33.3 (0.87) 32.7 (0.84) 32.4 (0.86)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 1.6 (0.13) 36.6 (0.49) 35.4 (0.45) 26.3 (0.43)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 107

Table 31. Age-adjusted percent distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over1

Healthy

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight Overweight Obese

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 1.5 (0.13) 37.5 (0.55) 34.4 (0.49) 26.6 (0.49)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 2.4 (0.38) 32.7 (1.18) 29.5 (1.12) 35.3 (1.13)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 2.9 (0.86) 31.8 (1.97) 33.1 (2.18) 32.2 (2.08)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 1.9 (0.23) 35.6 (0.83) 34.1 (0.79) 28.3 (0.81)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 2.0 (0.30) 34.8 (1.03) 38.1 (1.06) 25.2 (0.96)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 4.7 (1.36) 29.6 (2.42) 35.1 (2.77) 30.6 (2.36)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 2.6 (0.41) 36.1 (1.34) 36.9 (1.40) 24.3 (1.23)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 *1.7 (0.72) 36.8 (3.17) 36.7 (3.38) 24.8 (2.78)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 † 45.8 (7.89) 28.1 (5.89) 20.7 (5.72)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 1.3 (0.12) 33.5 (0.54) 37.1 (0.51) 28.2 (0.50)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 † 33.6 (4.12) 27.1 (3.37) 36.4 (4.16)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.28) 31.1 (0.98) 36.2 (1.06) 30.8 (0.94)

Never married.............................. 100.0 2.8 (0.34) 40.8 (0.90) 30.1 (0.87) 26.3 (0.80)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 1.3 (0.35) 36.7 (1.74) 36.5 (1.80) 25.5 (1.51)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 1.9 (0.14) 37.7 (0.52) 34.9 (0.49) 25.5 (0.48)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 1.7 (0.19) 35.1 (0.71) 34.8 (0.63) 28.4 (0.64)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 1.7 (0.25) 33.1 (0.86) 31.9 (0.84) 33.2 (0.79)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 1.7 (0.27) 38.6 (0.98) 34.5 (0.88) 25.1 (0.83)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 1.8 (0.19) 34.9 (0.76) 33.8 (0.70) 29.6 (0.71)

South ................................... 100.0 1.9 (0.17) 34.5 (0.60) 34.1 (0.58) 29.4 (0.60)

West ................................... 100.0 1.8 (0.21) 38.2 (0.83) 35.6 (0.71) 24.4 (0.70)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 *0.9 (0.26) 23.8 (1.11) 44.6 (1.27) 30.7 (1.27)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 1.9 (0.35) 31.4 (1.03) 33.6 (1.14) 33.1 (1.10)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 0.9 (0.14) 30.9 (0.70) 40.6 (0.69) 27.5 (0.64)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 2.7 (0.23) 46.0 (0.69) 26.8 (0.57) 24.5 (0.57)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 *1.1 (0.33) 30.4 (1.38) 36.9 (1.42) 31.6 (1.28)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 1.8 (0.31) 26.5 (1.10) 30.4 (1.10) 41.2 (1.21)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Calculated from information that respondents supplied in response to survey questions regarding height and weight. For both men and women, underweight is indicated by body mass index (BMI) 

under 18.5; healthy weight is indicated by BMI of 18.5 up to 25.0; overweight is indicated by BMI of 25.0 up to 30.0; and obesity is indicated by BMI of 30.0 or higher. Note that self-reported height and 

weight may differ from actual measurements. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 108 [ Series 10, No. 252

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XVIII in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 109

Table 32. Frequency distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Type of place1

Hospital

All persons All persons All persons emergency

aged without a with a Doctor’s Clinic or room or Some

18 years usual place usual place office or health outpatient other

Selected characteristic and over of care of care HMO2 center department place

Number in thousands3

Total4 ................................... 229,505 37,403 189,603 143,690 36,974 4,851 2,086

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 23,188 86,560 63,444 17,585 2,981 1,224

Female .................................. 118,576 14,215 103,043 80,246 19,389 1,870 862

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 26,987 82,626 57,775 19,572 2,672 1,227

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 9,223 69,900 55,189 12,061 1,521 575

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 761 20,342 16,715 3,084 354 130

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 432 16,735 14,011 2,256 304 154

Race

One race5 ................................ 226,314 36,628 187,221 142,131 36,309 4,753 2,047

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 29,220 154,252 118,988 29,056 2,964 1,690

Black or African American ..................... 27,807 4,886 22,543 15,296 5,142 1,587 252

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 391 1,304 633 553 † *48

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 2,041 8,926 7,087 1,494 142 *57

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 *89 195 *127 *64 † –

Two or more races6 .......................... 3,191 775 2,382 1,559 664 98 †

Black or African American, white ................. 625 173 452 278 *92 *49 †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 328 1,035 647 357 † †

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 9,517 22,253 13,223 7,417 938 282

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 19,712 6,281 13,249 7,362 4,957 480 189

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 27,886 167,350 130,467 29,557 3,913 1,804

White, single race .......................... 156,119 20,635 133,913 106,980 22,229 2,096 1,421

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 4,606 21,712 14,732 4,953 1,536 244

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 6,380 21,442 13,601 6,263 1,035 210

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 53,058 8,647 43,659 33,077 8,385 1,298 372

Some college .............................. 56,710 7,701 48,368 37,379 9,008 937 583

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 6,484 54,119 45,029 7,652 651 497

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 17,608 55,791 35,814 15,317 2,764 1,013

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 18,087 122,511 98,542 20,139 1,848 960

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 5,955 25,544 18,739 5,498 665 308

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 5,473 33,072 25,932 5,870 630 312

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 2,815 23,291 18,862 3,921 293 145

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 3,844 40,605 35,010 4,851 260 195

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 7,944 20,379 11,442 6,821 1,352 374

Near poor ................................ 36,390 8,777 27,256 17,867 7,358 1,126 395

Not poor ................................. 145,271 17,603 126,261 102,257 20,110 1,910 1,078

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 110 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 32. Frequency distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Type of place1

Hospital

All persons All persons All persons emergency

aged without a with a Doctor’s Clinic or room or Some

18 years usual place usual place office or health outpatient other

Selected characteristic and over of care of care HMO2 center department place

Health insurance coverage12 Number in thousands3

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 12,615 109,326 89,850 16,788 1,052 886

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 1,869 15,932 9,838 5,175 650 *85

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 522 7,420 4,233 2,307 618 218

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 20,915 19,307 8,717 7,259 1,846 551

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 405 20,040 17,440 2,375 158 *51

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 75 2,528 1,844 562 *104 †

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 504 11,908 9,894 1,677 188 *105

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 *54 2,314 1,411 632 165 106

Uninsured ............................... 379 149 230 *104 *76 *42 †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 15,038 108,141 86,153 18,564 1,735 848

Widowed ................................. 13,676 732 12,757 10,321 2,026 289 85

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 4,216 21,355 15,545 4,558 773 282

Never married.............................. 49,249 12,446 36,250 24,628 8,725 1,503 712

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 4,904 10,898 6,887 3,071 542 159

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 19,742 100,106 78,097 16,777 2,898 1,017

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 12,121 59,120 44,602 11,964 1,431 713

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 5,540 30,377 20,991 8,232 523 355

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 4,696 35,408 30,361 3,735 768 *227

Midwest ................................. 53,316 7,278 45,364 31,716 11,839 1,038 399

South ................................... 81,721 15,259 65,687 50,935 11,012 2,074 791

West ................................... 53,891 10,171 43,144 30,678 10,387 972 668

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 5,863 10,501 6,201 3,397 500 143

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 3,653 11,752 7,022 4,020 439 *139

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 13,079 61,932 47,683 11,076 1,475 881

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 7,556 71,981 59,296 11,153 621 540

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 2,720 9,075 5,869 2,035 861 140

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 1,886 12,638 8,863 2,918 676 103

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

Based on a survey question that asked, ‘‘Is there a place that you usually go to when you are sick or need advice about your health?’’ and if there was at least one such place, a follow-up question 

was asked: ‘‘What kind of place [is it/do you go to most often]—a clinic, a doctor’s office, an emergency room, or some other place?’’ The choices for this second question are: ‘‘clinic or health center,’’ 

‘‘doctor’s office or HMO,’’ ‘‘hospital emergency room,’’ ‘‘hospital outpatient department,’’ ‘‘some other place,’’ or ‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’ For this table, ‘‘hospital emergency room’’ and 

‘‘hospital outpatient department’’ are combined, as are ‘‘some other place’’ and ‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’ 

2

HMO is health maintenance organization. 

3

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I) but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ and ‘‘All persons with a usual place of 

care’’ columns. Numbers may not add to totals because of rounding. 

4

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 111

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 112 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 33. Age-adjusted percent distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years and

over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Type of place1

Hospital

Total without emergency

a usual Total with Doctor’s room or Some

place of a usual place office Clinic or outpatient other

Selected characteristic Total care of care Total or HMO2 health center department place

Percent distribution3 (standard error)

Total4 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 17.1 (0.32) 82.9 (0.32) 100.0 75.7 (0.46) 20.4 (0.45) 2.7 (0.13) 1.2 (0.09)

Total4 (crude) .............................. 100.0 16.5 (0.32) 83.5 (0.32) 100.0 76.6 (0.45) 19.7 (0.44) 2.6 (0.12) 1.1 (0.09)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 21.5 (0.48) 78.5 (0.48) 100.0 73.6 (0.67) 21.3 (0.65) 3.6 (0.24) 1.5 (0.15)

Female .................................. 100.0 12.8 (0.37) 87.2 (0.37) 100.0 77.4 (0.50) 19.7 (0.48) 2.0 (0.15) 0.9 (0.11)

Age5

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 24.6 (0.53) 75.4 (0.53) 100.0 71.1 (0.67) 24.1 (0.65) 3.3 (0.22) 1.5 (0.16)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 11.7 (0.40) 88.3 (0.40) 100.0 79.6 (0.60) 17.4 (0.57) 2.2 (0.18) 0.8 (0.12)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 3.6 (0.39) 96.4 (0.39) 100.0 82.4 (0.95) 15.2 (0.90) 1.7 (0.29) 0.6 (0.17)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 2.5 (0.37) 97.5 (0.37) 100.0 83.8 (0.90) 13.5 (0.84) 1.8 (0.32) 0.9 (0.20)

Race

One race6 ................................ 100.0 17.0 (0.32) 83.0 (0.32) 100.0 75.8 (0.47) 20.4 (0.46) 2.7 (0.13) 1.2 (0.09)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 16.8 (0.37) 83.2 (0.37) 100.0 76.9 (0.52) 19.9 (0.51) 2.0 (0.14) 1.2 (0.11)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 17.2 (0.71) 82.8 (0.71) 100.0 68.8 (1.07) 22.9 (0.92) 7.2 (0.50) 1.1 (0.23)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 22.6 (3.40) 77.4 (3.40) 100.0 46.9 (5.81) 44.8 (6.37) † *4.1 (1.92)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 17.9 (1.16) 82.1 (1.16) 100.0 80.5 (1.29) 17.3 (1.26) 1.6 (0.35) *0.7 (0.20)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 26.0 (6.42) 74.0 (6.42) 100.0 55.6 (8.45) 42.5 (8.65) † –

Two or more races7 .......................... 100.0 21.3 (2.21) 78.7 (2.21) 100.0 67.0 (3.21) 27.3 (3.05) 3.8 (1.09) †

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 18.6 (3.66) 81.4 (3.66) 100.0 75.1 (5.44) *15.2 (4.64) *6.8 (2.78) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 23.5 (4.14) 76.5 (4.14) 100.0 62.4 (5.28) 34.6 (5.42) † †

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 26.9 (0.78) 73.1 (0.78) 100.0 61.1 (1.16) 33.4 (1.14) 4.3 (0.41) 1.2 (0.24)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 28.6 (1.01) 71.4 (1.01) 100.0 58.1 (1.57) 36.9 (1.55) 3.7 (0.50) 1.4 (0.34)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 15.2 (0.34) 84.8 (0.34) 100.0 77.8 (0.49) 18.6 (0.48) 2.5 (0.14) 1.2 (0.10)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 14.6 (0.41) 85.4 (0.41) 100.0 79.6 (0.56) 17.6 (0.55) 1.7 (0.14) 1.2 (0.12)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 16.9 (0.72) 83.1 (0.72) 100.0 68.7 (1.08) 22.9 (0.94) 7.2 (0.52) 1.1 (0.24)

Education9

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 26.6 (0.96) 73.4 (0.96) 100.0 59.2 (1.36) 33.9 (1.32) 5.8 (0.60) 1.1 (0.32)

High school diploma or GED10 ................... 100.0 18.5 (0.63) 81.5 (0.63) 100.0 74.7 (0.85) 21.0 (0.81) 3.3 (0.32) 0.9 (0.16)

Some college .............................. 100.0 13.9 (0.50) 86.1 (0.50) 100.0 77.7 (0.70) 19.0 (0.67) 2.0 (0.20) 1.3 (0.16)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 10.4 (0.42) 89.6 (0.42) 100.0 83.4 (0.67) 14.4 (0.64) 1.3 (0.17) 1.0 (0.14)

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 25.3 (0.56) 74.7 (0.56) 100.0 62.5 (0.74) 30.0 (0.72) 5.6 (0.34) 2.0 (0.22)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 13.0 (0.37) 87.0 (0.37) 100.0 80.7 (0.54) 16.9 (0.53) 1.6 (0.13) 0.8 (0.10)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 19.9 (0.79) 80.1 (0.79) 100.0 73.0 (1.01) 22.9 (0.96) 2.8 (0.36) 1.3 (0.22)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 14.2 (0.67) 85.8 (0.67) 100.0 79.0 (0.86) 18.1 (0.83) 1.9 (0.27) 1.0 (0.23)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 10.6 (0.73) 89.4 (0.73) 100.0 80.8 (1.06) 17.1 (1.03) 1.4 (0.32) 0.7 (0.21)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 8.6 (0.56) 91.4 (0.56) 100.0 86.4 (0.83) 12.4 (0.79) 0.8 (0.22) 0.5 (0.13)

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 25.9 (0.83) 74.1 (0.83) 100.0 58.0 (1.20) 33.6 (1.11) 6.6 (0.55) 1.8 (0.32)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 24.6 (0.78) 75.4 (0.78) 100.0 65.6 (1.07) 28.4 (0.99) 4.4 (0.43) 1.5 (0.25)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 12.9 (0.36) 87.1 (0.36) 100.0 81.0 (0.53) 16.5 (0.52) 1.6 (0.12) 0.9 (0.10)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 113

Table 33. Age-adjusted percent distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years

and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Type of place1

Hospital

Total without emergency

a usual Total with Doctor’s room or Some

place of a usual place office Clinic or outpatient other

Selected characteristic Total care of care Total or HMO2 health center department place

Health insurance coverage13 Percent distribution3 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 11.1 (0.37) 88.9 (0.37) 100.0 81.9 (0.53) 16.1 (0.52) 1.0 (0.11) 0.9 (0.12)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 10.2 (0.76) 89.8 (0.76) 100.0 62.6 (1.38) 32.7 (1.33) 4.1 (0.46) *0.5 (0.18)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 8.9 (1.41) 91.1 (1.41) 100.0 57.4 (2.25) 31.7 (2.03) 7.7 (1.06) 3.2 (0.83)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 51.2 (0.93) 48.8 (0.93) 100.0 47.4 (1.38) 39.5 (1.42) 10.1 (0.76) 3.0 (0.42)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 2.0 (0.33) 98.0 (0.33) 100.0 87.1 (0.89) 11.9 (0.87) 0.8 (0.21) *0.3 (0.11)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 2.9 (0.82) 97.1 (0.82) 100.0 73.2 (2.46) 22.0 (2.22) *4.2 (1.28) †

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 4.0 (0.51) 96.0 (0.51) 100.0 83.5 (1.09) 14.0 (1.02) 1.6 (0.33) 0.9 (0.26)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 *2.3 (0.79) 97.7 (0.79) 100.0 61.0 (3.13) 27.4 (2.95) 6.9 (1.69) 4.7 (1.35)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 40.6 (10.00) 59.4 (10.00) 100.0 43.8 (11.90) 32.7 (9.76) *21.9 (9.05) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 13.4 (0.42) 86.6 (0.42) 100.0 78.9 (0.59) 18.5 (0.57) 1.8 (0.16) 0.8 (0.11)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 8.5 (2.11) 91.5 (2.11) 100.0 71.7 (4.02) 19.7 (3.19) *7.5 (3.02) †

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 18.8 (0.85) 81.2 (0.85) 100.0 71.7 (1.06) 23.2 (0.99) 3.7 (0.44) 1.4 (0.30)

Never married.............................. 100.0 20.7 (0.63) 79.3 (0.63) 100.0 70.8 (0.95) 23.0 (0.86) 4.3 (0.41) 1.9 (0.28)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 25.7 (1.24) 74.3 (1.24) 100.0 66.5 (1.70) 26.9 (1.54) 4.7 (0.72) *1.8 (0.63)

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 16.7 (0.40) 83.3 (0.40) 100.0 78.4 (0.54) 17.5 (0.50) 3.0 (0.19) 1.1 (0.11)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 17.7 (0.62) 82.3 (0.62) 100.0 74.8 (0.89) 21.3 (0.89) 2.6 (0.25) 1.3 (0.18)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 16.8 (0.93) 83.2 (0.93) 100.0 68.5 (1.64) 28.3 (1.62) 1.9 (0.30) 1.4 (0.31)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 12.6 (0.69) 87.4 (0.69) 100.0 85.7 (0.75) 11.3 (0.67) 2.3 (0.26) *0.7 (0.22)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 14.4 (0.65) 85.6 (0.65) 100.0 69.7 (1.10) 26.9 (1.09) 2.5 (0.28) 0.9 (0.16)

South ................................... 100.0 19.6 (0.56) 80.4 (0.56) 100.0 77.5 (0.69) 17.8 (0.67) 3.4 (0.26) 1.3 (0.16)

West ................................... 100.0 19.1 (0.65) 80.9 (0.65) 100.0 71.3 (1.08) 24.8 (1.07) 2.3 (0.25) 1.6 (0.23)

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 31.6 (1.19) 68.4 (1.19) 100.0 61.4 (1.62) 32.6 (1.58) 4.8 (0.66) 1.3 (0.32)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 21.8 (0.94) 78.2 (0.94) 100.0 60.9 (1.42) 34.1 (1.39) 3.8 (0.50) 1.2 (0.35)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 18.8 (0.59) 81.2 (0.59) 100.0 76.9 (0.83) 19.0 (0.81) 2.5 (0.26) 1.6 (0.19)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 10.5 (0.46) 89.5 (0.46) 100.0 81.8 (0.59) 16.4 (0.56) 1.0 (0.14) 0.8 (0.14)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 21.9 (1.26) 78.1 (1.26) 100.0 66.2 (1.79) 22.3 (1.46) 9.8 (0.94) 1.6 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 12.8 (0.85) 87.2 (0.85) 100.0 70.5 (1.28) 23.3 (1.19) 5.4 (0.59) 0.8 (0.22)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

1

Based on a question in the survey that asked, ‘‘Is there a place that you usually go to when you are sick or need advice about your health?’’ and if there was at least one such place, a follow-up

question was asked: ‘‘What kind of place [is it/do you go to most often]—a clinic, a doctor’s office, an emergency room, or some other place?’’ The choices for this second question are: ‘‘clinic or health

center,’’ ‘‘doctor’s office or HMO,’’ ‘‘hospital emergency room,’’ ‘‘hospital outpatient department,’’ ‘‘some other place,’’ or ‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’ For this table, ‘‘hospital emergency room’’ 

and ‘‘hospital outpatient department’’ are combined, as are ‘‘some other place’’ and ‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’ 

2

HMO is health maintenance organization. 

3

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 4

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 5

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 114 [ Series 10, No. 252

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XIX in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 115

Table 34. Frequency distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months among persons

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

All persons Number of office visits in past 12 months1

aged

18 years 10 or

Selected characteristic and over None 1 2–3 4–9 more

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 44,321 35,769 58,527 55,815 31,069

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 28,868 19,588 27,129 22,380 11,081

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 15,453 16,181 31,397 33,435 19,988

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 29,566 19,809 27,329 21,124 11,174

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 12,471 12,231 21,638 20,177 12,163

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 1,436 2,150 5,600 7,640 4,107

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 847 1,579 3,960 6,875 3,625

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 43,697 35,177 57,778 55,184 30,514

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 34,224 28,154 47,078 46,449 26,387

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 6,154 4,509 7,287 6,147 3,106

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 431 285 391 371 206

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 2,781 2,152 3,002 2,144 808

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 *108 *78 † *72 †

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 625 592 748 632 555

Black or African American, white ................. 625 104 201 154 *113 *51

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 242 *150 288 326 356

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 10,221 5,451 7,177 5,808 2,908

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 6,813 3,449 4,116 3,402 1,626

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 34,100 30,318 51,350 50,007 28,160

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 24,742 23,304 40,620 41,067 23,837

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 5,873 4,323 6,956 5,976 2,963

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 7,564 3,455 5,841 6,916 3,762

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 10,998 8,129 12,358 12,720 7,694

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 9,169 8,549 14,832 14,421 8,813

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 7,778 10,007 18,312 15,952 8,212

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 18,807 10,218 15,347 16,951 11,400

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 23,369 23,428 39,329 35,756 18,126

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 6,969 5,048 7,969 7,383 4,063

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 7,146 6,314 10,079 9,611 5,159

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 3,906 4,600 7,409 6,861 3,284

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 5,349 7,467 13,872 11,901 5,620

Poverty status10

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 8,370 3,889 5,531 5,752 4,505

Near poor ............................... 36,390 9,561 5,360 8,009 7,649 5,184

Not poor................................ 145,271 22,793 23,667 40,187 37,495 19,122

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 116 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 34. Frequency distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

All persons Number of office visits in past 12 months1

aged

18 years 10 or

Selected characteristic and over None 1 2–3 4–9 more

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 18,452 21,704 36,470 29,744 15,047

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 2,806 2,297 3,713 4,541 4,296

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 824 917 1,915 2,243 1,967

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 19,724 6,992 6,675 4,639 1,968

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 918 1,916 5,354 7,785 4,313

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 145 149 494 947 832

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 1,008 1,366 3,076 4,705 2,059

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 93 185 563 992 501

Uninsured ............................... 379 114 *105 *61 *64 †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 19,964 19,634 34,184 31,373 17,319

Widowed ................................. 13,676 1,176 1,204 3,103 4,927 2,880

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 4,834 3,899 5,926 6,374 4,332

Never married.............................. 49,249 13,981 8,443 11,720 9,583 4,653

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 4,283 2,566 3,513 3,522 1,848

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 24,450 19,825 31,467 28,309 15,036

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 13,083 10,957 18,118 18,146 10,476

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 6,788 4,986 8,942 9,360 5,557

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 6,368 6,076 10,735 10,476 6,106

Midwest ................................. 53,316 9,030 8,790 14,348 13,017 7,195

South ................................... 81,721 16,555 12,020 20,438 20,484 10,903

West ................................... 53,891 12,368 8,884 13,005 11,839 6,864

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 6,838 2,976 3,365 2,210 896

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 3,383 2,475 3,812 3,598 2,012

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 16,076 12,954 19,496 17,125 8,904

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 8,666 10,350 21,124 23,943 14,932

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 3,767 2,231 2,814 2,040 829

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 2,106 2,093 4,143 3,936 2,135

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘During the past 12 months, how many times have you seen a doctor or other health care professional about your own health at a doctor’s office, 

a clinic, or some other place?’’ Respondents were instructed to exclude overnight hospitalizations, visits to hospital emergency rooms, home visits, dental visits, and telephone calls. 2

Unknowns for the column variables are not shown in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I). They are, however, included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. 3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. Additionally, numbers within 

selected characteristics may not add to totals because of rounding. 4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 117

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 118 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 35. Age-adjusted percent distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Number of office visits in past 12 months1

Selected characteristic Total None 1 2–3 4–9 10 or more

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 20.2 (0.32) 16.0 (0.29) 25.8 (0.33) 24.5 (0.34) 13.6 (0.26)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 19.7 (0.33) 15.9 (0.29) 26.0 (0.33) 24.8 (0.35) 13.8 (0.27)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 26.7 (0.50) 17.9 (0.42) 24.7 (0.48) 20.6 (0.46) 10.1 (0.33)

Female .................................. 100.0 13.7 (0.38) 14.1 (0.36) 26.9 (0.45) 28.3 (0.46) 17.0 (0.40)

Age4

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 27.1 (0.50) 18.2 (0.42) 25.1 (0.49) 19.4 (0.45) 10.3 (0.34)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 15.9 (0.48) 15.5 (0.49) 27.5 (0.58) 25.6 (0.58) 15.5 (0.46)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 6.9 (0.52) 10.3 (0.69) 26.8 (0.97) 36.5 (1.09) 19.6 (0.87)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 5.0 (0.50) 9.4 (0.69) 23.4 (1.05) 40.7 (1.26) 21.5 (0.99)

Race

One race5 ................................ 100.0 20.2 (0.33) 15.9 (0.29) 25.8 (0.34) 24.5 (0.35) 13.5 (0.27)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.6 (0.37) 15.6 (0.33) 25.7 (0.39) 25.0 (0.40) 14.1 (0.31)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 22.0 (0.79) 16.2 (0.74) 26.8 (0.84) 23.2 (0.75) 11.8 (0.58)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 25.5 (3.40) 16.3 (3.25) 22.1 (3.23) 21.7 (3.14) 14.3 (2.96)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 24.7 (1.26) 19.6 (1.17) 27.3 (1.32) 20.7 (1.16) 7.8 (0.75)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 37.4 (6.31) *23.7 (8.25) † *23.0 (7.38) 9.9 (1.03)

Two or more races6 .......................... 100.0 17.6 (2.02) 17.1 (2.23) 22.8 (2.19) 22.6 (2.40) 19.9 (2.48)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 16.9 (4.88) 22.0 (4.33) 24.8 (6.41) 28.0 (5.73) *8.2 (3.40)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 17.2 (3.42) 11.3 (3.25) 20.2 (3.65) 24.5 (3.72) 26.8 (4.67)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 29.6 (0.81) 16.3 (0.65) 22.9 (0.73) 20.8 (0.73) 10.3 (0.56)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 31.4 (1.04) 16.8 (0.84) 21.5 (0.91) 20.4 (0.95) 10.0 (0.74)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 18.4 (0.35) 15.9 (0.32) 26.3 (0.38) 25.3 (0.37) 14.1 (0.30)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 17.2 (0.41) 15.5 (0.38) 26.3 (0.45) 26.0 (0.45) 15.0 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 21.9 (0.81) 16.2 (0.75) 26.7 (0.86) 23.5 (0.77) 11.7 (0.58)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 31.4 (0.97) 13.2 (0.66) 20.8 (0.85) 22.4 (0.84) 12.3 (0.62)

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 100.0 23.2 (0.72) 16.0 (0.58) 23.8 (0.67) 23.1 (0.62) 14.0 (0.56)

Some college .............................. 100.0 16.3 (0.57) 15.2 (0.56) 26.5 (0.64) 26.2 (0.65) 15.8 (0.53)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 12.6 (0.47) 16.2 (0.52) 30.0 (0.66) 27.2 (0.66) 14.0 (0.48)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 27.0 (0.55) 14.3 (0.42) 21.0 (0.48) 22.3 (0.47) 15.3 (0.45)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 16.7 (0.40) 16.5 (0.38) 27.8 (0.46) 25.9 (0.47) 13.1 (0.35)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 23.0 (0.89) 16.4 (0.75) 25.3 (0.87) 22.8 (0.75) 12.5 (0.65)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 18.6 (0.70) 16.1 (0.66) 26.1 (0.80) 25.5 (0.81) 13.7 (0.63)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 14.8 (0.86) 17.0 (0.94) 27.9 (1.14) 27.0 (1.10) 13.3 (0.81)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 11.9 (0.65) 16.3 (0.75) 30.9 (0.91) 27.9 (0.96) 13.0 (0.69)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 27.9 (0.82) 13.2 (0.64) 19.7 (0.75) 21.8 (0.75) 17.5 (0.75)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 26.9 (0.83) 15.0 (0.62) 22.3 (0.76) 21.2 (0.71) 14.5 (0.64)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 16.4 (0.38) 16.6 (0.37) 27.8 (0.44) 26.1 (0.45) 13.2 (0.34)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 119

Table 35. Age-adjusted percent distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months

among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Number of office visits in past 12 months1

Selected characteristic Total None 1 2–3 4–9 10 or more

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 15.9 (0.40) 18.2 (0.44) 29.9 (0.52) 24.1 (0.48) 12.0 (0.35)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 15.5 (0.94) 12.7 (0.86) 20.8 (1.10) 26.1 (1.13) 25.0 (1.14)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 11.6 (1.42) 15.0 (1.60) 24.5 (1.88) 24.4 (1.76) 24.6 (1.84)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 48.7 (0.88) 17.6 (0.68) 16.8 (0.63) 11.9 (0.62) 5.1 (0.40)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 4.5 (0.49) 9.4 (0.65) 26.3 (1.04) 38.5 (1.14) 21.3 (1.00)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 5.7 (1.12) 6.0 (1.28) 19.1 (2.19) 36.9 (2.48) 32.3 (2.66)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 8.1 (0.71) 11.1 (0.86) 25.0 (1.23) 38.8 (1.44) 16.9 (1.00)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 3.8 (1.03) 8.0 (1.91) 24.2 (2.52) 42.5 (3.02) 21.5 (2.61)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 27.6 (6.25) *32.7 (9.93) *15.6 (5.57) *19.0 (7.72) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 17.4 (0.46) 16.2 (0.39) 27.5 (0.49) 25.0 (0.49) 13.8 (0.38)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 23.0 (3.94) 12.6 (2.75) 26.2 (3.77) 21.1 (2.66) 17.1 (3.37)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 20.5 (0.88) 16.6 (0.75) 23.1 (0.82) 24.4 (0.84) 15.5 (0.71)

Never married.............................. 100.0 24.6 (0.69) 15.5 (0.66) 23.7 (0.79) 24.1 (0.89) 12.0 (0.67)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 22.9 (1.16) 14.5 (1.00) 24.5 (1.57) 24.8 (1.61) 13.3 (1.33)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 20.7 (0.44) 16.6 (0.39) 26.3 (0.47) 23.9 (0.45) 12.6 (0.35)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.0 (0.56) 15.6 (0.52) 25.5 (0.63) 25.3 (0.62) 14.6 (0.48)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 20.5 (0.87) 14.5 (0.78) 24.9 (0.78) 25.4 (0.97) 14.8 (0.74)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 16.8 (0.85) 15.5 (0.74) 27.0 (0.83) 25.8 (0.83) 14.8 (0.72)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 17.6 (0.66) 16.9 (0.63) 27.3 (0.73) 24.7 (0.72) 13.5 (0.58)

South ................................... 100.0 21.2 (0.51) 15.0 (0.47) 25.2 (0.54) 25.2 (0.58) 13.3 (0.40)

West ................................... 100.0 23.3 (0.68) 16.8 (0.56) 24.5 (0.66) 22.4 (0.68) 13.0 (0.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 37.9 (1.24) 17.1 (0.97) 20.9 (1.07) 16.8 (1.03) 7.2 (0.69)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 20.7 (0.94) 15.5 (0.82) 25.0 (1.06) 25.2 (1.02) 13.7 (0.80)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 22.9 (0.64) 17.7 (0.54) 25.8 (0.63) 22.3 (0.60) 11.2 (0.44)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 11.5 (0.47) 13.3 (0.48) 26.9 (0.60) 29.6 (0.61) 18.7 (0.56)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 30.7 (1.38) 18.4 (1.21) 24.2 (1.28) 18.9 (1.12) 7.8 (0.69)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 14.5 (0.84) 14.4 (0.88) 28.7 (1.12) 27.5 (1.09) 14.9 (0.90)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘During the past 12 months, how many times have you seen a doctor or other health care professional about your own health at a doctor’s office, 

a clinic, or some other place?’’ Respondents were instructed to exclude overnight hospitalizations, visits to hospital emergency rooms, home visits, dental visits, and telephone calls. 

2

Unknowns for the column variables are not included in the denominators when calculating percentages. Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. Additionally, percentages may not 

add to totals because of rounding. 4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 120 [ Series 10, No. 252

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XX in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 121

Table 36. Frequency distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among persons aged 18

years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Length of time since last contact1

More than More than More than

All persons 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

aged but not but not but not 5 years

18 years 6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic and over or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 151,304 34,293 17,955 12,822 7,085 2,223

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 64,965 17,591 10,770 8,901 5,360 1,519

Female .................................. 118,576 86,339 16,703 7,185 3,921 1,724 705

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 62,256 20,056 12,049 8,953 4,116 1,497

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 56,250 10,955 4,970 3,346 2,641 591

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 17,797 1,932 597 335 232 102

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 15,000 1,350 339 189 96 †

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 149,359 33,665 17,648 12,653 6,982 2,219

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 123,930 26,982 13,921 10,284 5,664 1,678

Black or African American ..................... 27,807 17,791 4,528 2,369 1,567 770 215

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 1,099 166 163 *76 *92 *99

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 6,401 1,951 1,161 715 422 197

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 139 † *33 † † †

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 1,945 629 307 169 103 †

Black or African American, white ................. 625 297 244 *45 † † †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 962 162 *124 *53 *61 –

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 17,006 5,249 3,139 3,238 1,999 926

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 19,712 9,862 3,207 2,116 2,323 1,358 543

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 134,298 29,045 14,817 9,584 5,085 1,297

White, single race .......................... 156,119 108,562 22,267 10,991 7,226 3,829 866

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 17,118 4,312 2,278 1,476 745 200

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 17,674 3,340 1,985 2,199 1,799 641

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 34,190 7,828 4,197 3,307 1,992 438

Some college .............................. 56,710 39,386 8,134 3,651 2,715 1,488 410

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 43,162 9,738 4,042 2,145 941 265

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 45,983 9,945 6,812 5,338 3,646 1,113

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 96,110 22,596 10,340 6,924 3,105 944

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 20,293 5,002 2,750 2,017 1,095 256

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 25,940 5,968 2,933 2,201 955 349

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 17,732 4,654 1,927 1,135 471 *124

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 32,145 6,971 2,730 1,572 584 214

Poverty status10

Poor .................................. 28,677 16,873 3,815 3,068 2,260 1,510 573

Near poor ............................... 36,390 22,113 5,273 3,396 2,801 1,688 540

Not poor................................ 145,271 99,695 22,567 10,309 6,674 3,116 895

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 122 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 36. Frequency distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among persons aged 18

years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Length of time since last contact1

More than More than More than

All persons 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

aged but not but not but not 5 years

18 years 6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic and over or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 83,365 20,953 9,410 5,030 1,934 641

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 13,431 2,090 1,233 515 203 188

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 6,380 830 366 141 *154 *27

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 14,891 6,964 5,965 6,498 4,450 1,211

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 18,123 1,466 499 167 *101 †

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 2,332 166 † *43 † †

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 10,037 1,388 331 264 171 86

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 2,065 173 *41 † *16 †

Uninsured ............................... 379 188 *79 *48 † *27 †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 85,672 18,727 8,705 5,604 2,958 948

Widowed ................................. 13,676 11,215 1,137 484 262 204 *60

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 17,398 3,617 1,684 1,478 947 259

Never married.............................. 49,249 27,418 8,318 5,381 4,201 2,268 784

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 9,452 2,465 1,680 1,258 685 157

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 78,144 18,974 9,965 7,103 3,557 1,311

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 48,620 10,580 5,057 3,851 2,227 584

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 24,539 4,739 2,933 1,868 1,300 329

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 28,297 5,973 2,596 1,746 705 480

Midwest ................................. 53,316 35,445 8,520 3,974 2,740 1,541 191

South ................................... 81,721 54,020 11,763 6,276 4,725 2,814 881

West ................................... 53,891 33,541 8,038 5,109 3,611 2,025 672

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 7,241 2,755 1,752 2,280 1,571 661

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 9,765 2,494 1,386 958 428 265

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 47,939 11,485 6,623 5,058 2,916 626

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 60,623 10,781 4,368 2,168 912 239

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 6,409 2,205 1,445 1,019 508 110

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 10,709 2,107 833 457 237 90

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘About how long has it been since you saw or talked to a doctor or other health care professional about your own health?’’ Contacts may include 

office, hospital, or home visits, and phone calls (but not calls made for arranging appointments). 

2

Unknowns for column variables are not shown in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I). They are, however, included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. Additionally, numbers within 

selected characteristics may not add to totals because of rounding. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 123

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 124 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 37. Age-adjusted percent distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Length of time since last contact1

More than More than More than

All persons 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

aged but not but not but not 5 years

18 years 6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic and over or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 66.4 (0.38) 15.4 (0.28) 8.2 (0.21) 5.9 (0.18) 3.2 (0.13) 1.0 (0.08)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 67.0 (0.38) 15.2 (0.28) 8.0 (0.20) 5.7 (0.18) 3.1 (0.13) 1.0 (0.08)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 59.3 (0.56) 16.2 (0.42) 10.0 (0.34) 8.3 (0.30) 4.9 (0.24) 1.4 (0.14)

Female .................................. 100.0 73.4 (0.47) 14.6 (0.37) 6.4 (0.25) 3.5 (0.20) 1.5 (0.11) 0.6 (0.07)

Age4

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 57.2 (0.56) 18.4 (0.43) 11.1 (0.34) 8.2 (0.29) 3.8 (0.21) 1.4 (0.13)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 71.4 (0.59) 13.9 (0.45) 6.3 (0.30) 4.2 (0.26) 3.4 (0.22) 0.8 (0.09)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 84.8 (0.75) 9.2 (0.61) 2.8 (0.37) 1.6 (0.25) 1.1 (0.20) 0.5 (0.12)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 88.2 (0.76) 7.9 (0.65) 2.0 (0.34) 1.1 (0.25) 0.6 (0.14) †

Race

One race5 ................................ 100.0 66.4 (0.38) 15.3 (0.29) 8.2 (0.21) 5.9 (0.18) 3.2 (0.13) 1.0 (0.08)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 66.9 (0.44) 15.1 (0.32) 8.0 (0.24) 5.9 (0.21) 3.2 (0.15) 1.0 (0.09)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 66.2 (0.88) 16.3 (0.73) 8.5 (0.56) 5.5 (0.46) 2.7 (0.29) 0.8 (0.15)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 64.6 (3.61) 10.0 (2.66) 10.2 (2.49) *4.4 (1.56) *5.1 (1.65) *5.7 (1.90)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 60.2 (1.49) 17.6 (1.16) 10.3 (0.85) 6.4 (0.77) 3.7 (0.67) 1.8 (0.41)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 51.2 (6.44) † 15.6 (3.27) † *9.6 (4.27) †

Two or more races6 .......................... 100.0 65.7 (2.51) 18.0 (2.14) 8.3 (1.43) 4.9 (1.21) 3.0 (0.77) †

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 61.4 (5.38) 28.5 (5.00) *4.3 (1.76) † † †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 70.8 (4.04) 12.4 (2.95) 9.0 (2.68) † *4.2 (1.53) –

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 57.2 (0.89) 15.9 (0.66) 9.2 (0.48) 9.3 (0.55) 5.7 (0.40) 2.7 (0.30)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 54.7 (1.19) 16.0 (0.88) 9.9 (0.60) 10.6 (0.76) 6.2 (0.54) 2.5 (0.37)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 68.1 (0.40) 15.4 (0.31) 8.0 (0.23) 5.2 (0.19) 2.6 (0.14) 0.7 (0.08)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 69.1 (0.48) 15.0 (0.37) 7.7 (0.27) 5.1 (0.22) 2.5 (0.15) 0.6 (0.09)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 66.3 (0.90) 16.2 (0.74) 8.5 (0.57) 5.5 (0.47) 2.7 (0.30) 0.8 (0.15)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 59.8 (0.97) 12.8 (0.66) 7.9 (0.52) 9.1 (0.62) 7.5 (0.58) 2.8 (0.35)

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 100.0 63.5 (0.76) 15.7 (0.55) 8.7 (0.44) 7.1 (0.45) 4.0 (0.31) 0.9 (0.15)

Some college .............................. 100.0 70.8 (0.65) 14.5 (0.53) 6.5 (0.35) 4.9 (0.32) 2.6 (0.23) 0.7 (0.15)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 72.2 (0.66) 15.9 (0.54) 6.5 (0.38) 3.5 (0.25) 1.5 (0.16) 0.4 (0.08)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 61.7 (0.60) 14.0 (0.40) 9.8 (0.35) 7.7 (0.33) 5.3 (0.28) 1.6 (0.16)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 68.7 (0.50) 16.1 (0.39) 7.4 (0.27) 5.0 (0.22) 2.1 (0.14) 0.7 (0.09)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 63.4 (0.94) 16.3 (0.73) 9.1 (0.60) 6.7 (0.52) 3.6 (0.37) 0.8 (0.16)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 67.9 (0.86) 15.5 (0.67) 7.6 (0.48) 5.8 (0.43) 2.4 (0.29) 0.9 (0.19)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 68.7 (1.06) 17.4 (0.82) 7.3 (0.67) 4.2 (0.49) 1.9 (0.30) *0.5 (0.15)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 73.1 (0.89) 15.5 (0.75) 6.2 (0.47) 3.6 (0.36) 1.2 (0.21) *0.5 (0.16)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 62.4 (0.89) 12.9 (0.61) 10.2 (0.57) 7.5 (0.47) 5.1 (0.40) 1.9 (0.22)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 61.5 (0.88) 14.7 (0.60) 9.5 (0.53) 7.9 (0.51) 4.8 (0.40) 1.5 (0.23)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 68.9 (0.48) 16.0 (0.38) 7.4 (0.26) 4.8 (0.21) 2.2 (0.14) 0.6 (0.09)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 125

Table 37. Age-adjusted percent distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Length of time since last contact1

More than More than More than

All persons 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

aged but not but not but not 5 years

18 years 6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic and over or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 67.6 (0.54) 17.7 (0.42) 8.2 (0.30) 4.4 (0.22) 1.6 (0.13) 0.5 (0.08)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 76.6 (1.08) 11.5 (0.81) 6.8 (0.62) 2.9 (0.40) 1.2 (0.27) 1.0 (0.27)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 78.8 (1.88) 11.5 (1.27) 5.1 (1.00) 2.3 (0.62) *1.9 (0.74) *0.4 (0.18)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 37.9 (0.82) 17.2 (0.64) 14.7 (0.62) 15.9 (0.65) 11.3 (0.55) 3.0 (0.29)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 89.0 (0.69) 7.2 (0.57) 2.4 (0.38) 0.8 (0.20) 0.5 (0.15) †

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 90.4 (1.44) 6.5 (1.20) † *1.6 (0.61) † †

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 82.0 (1.07) 11.2 (0.92) 2.6 (0.38) 2.1 (0.39) 1.4 (0.27) 0.7 (0.20)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 88.6 (1.87) 7.4 (1.49) *1.8 (0.89) *1.4 (0.68) *0.7 (0.33) †

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 51.2 (10.04) *24.1 (10.40) *11.6 (4.97) † *6.4 (3.04) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 68.3 (0.52) 15.9 (0.40) 7.6 (0.29) 5.0 (0.24) 2.4 (0.17) 0.8 (0.10)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 64.5 (4.28) 15.2 (3.19) 9.3 (2.62) *2.2 (0.74) *7.7 (3.18) †

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 66.3 (1.00) 15.1 (0.77) 7.6 (0.55) 6.4 (0.56) 3.6 (0.42) 1.1 (0.22)

Never married.............................. 100.0 62.2 (0.83) 15.3 (0.64) 8.9 (0.43) 7.2 (0.43) 5.0 (0.37) 1.5 (0.20)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 65.7 (1.30) 14.0 (0.97) 9.3 (0.83) 6.6 (0.66) 3.6 (0.48) 0.8 (0.22)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 65.5 (0.50) 16.0 (0.39) 8.4 (0.30) 6.0 (0.26) 3.0 (0.17) 1.1 (0.11)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 67.8 (0.69) 15.2 (0.52) 7.4 (0.33) 5.6 (0.33) 3.2 (0.24) 0.9 (0.13)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 66.8 (1.04) 13.8 (0.72) 9.0 (0.63) 5.6 (0.36) 3.8 (0.37) 1.0 (0.21)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 70.0 (1.07) 15.4 (0.74) 6.9 (0.48) 4.7 (0.45) 1.7 (0.20) 1.3 (0.24)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 67.0 (0.75) 16.5 (0.61) 7.8 (0.45) 5.4 (0.31) 2.9 (0.25) 0.4 (0.10)

South ................................... 100.0 66.4 (0.61) 14.8 (0.47) 8.0 (0.35) 6.1 (0.30) 3.5 (0.25) 1.1 (0.13)

West ................................... 100.0 63.3 (0.71) 15.2 (0.52) 9.7 (0.42) 6.8 (0.42) 3.8 (0.28) 1.3 (0.18)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 49.5 (1.32) 16.2 (0.96) 9.7 (0.71) 12.6 (0.88) 8.5 (0.67) 3.6 (0.49)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 65.7 (1.08) 15.6 (0.84) 8.6 (0.59) 5.7 (0.58) 2.7 (0.35) 1.6 (0.31)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 62.4 (0.71) 15.9 (0.54) 9.5 (0.43) 7.3 (0.37) 4.0 (0.28) 0.9 (0.16)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 75.7 (0.59) 14.1 (0.48) 5.9 (0.34) 2.9 (0.24) 1.1 (0.12) 0.3 (0.05)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 56.8 (1.43) 18.1 (1.26) 11.8 (1.03) 8.3 (0.87) 4.1 (0.55) 0.9 (0.26)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 74.3 (1.09) 14.5 (0.84) 5.7 (0.59) 3.1 (0.43) 1.6 (0.32) 0.7 (0.18)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘About how long has it been since you saw or talked to a doctor or other health care professional about your own health?’’ Contacts may include 

office, hospital, or home visits, and phone calls (but not calls made for arranging appointments). 

2

Unknowns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 126 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XXI in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 127

Table 38. Frequency distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among persons aged

18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Months since last contact1

More than More than More than

All persons 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

aged but not but not but not 5 years

18 years 6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic and over or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 98,875 38,039 29,734 28,065 29,805 1,579

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 44,373 17,570 14,820 14,929 16,438 1,136

Female .................................. 118,576 54,502 20,469 14,914 13,135 13,367 442

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 43,408 20,478 16,683 15,353 12,088 1,203

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 38,619 12,452 9,548 8,533 9,472 234

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 9,756 2,861 2,048 2,301 3,964 *85

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 7,092 2,249 1,455 1,877 4,281 *57

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 97,652 37,559 29,340 27,616 29,208 1,577

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 83,641 29,473 23,276 22,031 23,374 1,055

Black or African American ..................... 27,807 8,624 5,443 4,357 4,060 4,552 212

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 623 252 302 178 286 *46

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 4,678 2,320 1,373 1,300 951 265

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 *86 *70 † *48 *46 –

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 1,223 481 394 449 597 †

Black or African American, white ................. 625 263 *112 *45 97 98 †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 483 194 143 190 352 –

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 9,427 5,724 5,198 5,216 5,221 834

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 19,712 5,259 3,363 3,353 3,309 3,592 584

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 89,448 32,315 24,537 22,849 24,584 745

White, single race .......................... 156,119 75,244 24,152 18,469 17,311 18,613 285

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 8,227 5,245 4,217 3,863 4,393 192

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 6,257 3,914 3,864 4,147 8,882 585

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 18,851 8,382 7,254 8,021 9,236 343

Some college .............................. 56,710 25,665 9,658 7,746 6,594 6,165 84

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 37,227 9,739 5,918 4,615 2,694 218

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 20,256 11,188 11,289 12,649 16,786 885

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 72,239 24,737 17,002 14,048 11,630 585

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 11,876 5,753 4,711 4,436 4,420 229

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 17,729 6,889 5,040 4,501 4,018 234

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 26,379 13,742 4,780 3,069 2,663 1,801 †

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 28,892 7,315 4,182 2,448 1,391 *104

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 6,963 4,176 4,549 5,011 6,962 523

Near poor ................................ 36,390 9,808 5,627 5,693 6,653 7,713 454

Not poor ................................. 145,271 74,957 24,932 17,035 14,035 12,046 452

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 128 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 38. Frequency distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among persons aged

18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Months since last contact1

More than More than More than

All persons 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

aged but not but not but not 5 years

18 years 6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic and over or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 66,042 22,307 14,888 10,929 7,071 433

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 5,522 3,596 3,056 2,645 2,729 155

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 3,087 1,165 1,007 1,168 1,448 †

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 7,101 5,672 7,166 9,109 10,172 829

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 10,514 2,686 1,764 1,773 3,570 *81

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 473 299 310 431 1,065 †

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 4,859 1,671 1,234 1,527 2,987 *28

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 908 401 171 349 502 †

Uninsured ............................... 379 *80 † † *98 92 †

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 60,830 20,190 14,686 13,040 13,275 812

Widowed ................................. 13,676 5,027 1,853 1,444 1,657 3,351 *32

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 9,476 4,277 3,666 3,523 4,431 87

Never married.............................. 49,249 18,411 9,071 7,298 7,101 5,976 558

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 5,024 2,585 2,632 2,716 2,735 *74

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 53,723 21,023 15,877 14,815 12,816 1,029

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 31,700 11,392 8,864 8,405 10,268 395

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 13,453 5,624 4,993 4,845 6,722 *155

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 19,138 7,470 4,889 4,043 4,211 170

Midwest ................................. 53,316 24,720 8,456 6,500 6,203 6,338 252

South ................................... 81,721 31,889 13,294 10,725 10,753 13,187 726

West ................................... 53,891 23,128 8,820 7,621 7,066 6,069 430

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 4,377 2,749 2,718 2,812 3,001 629

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 5,050 2,975 2,480 2,404 2,220 205

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 34,277 11,307 9,150 9,411 10,395 209

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 40,967 12,845 9,319 7,900 8,218 *76

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 3,281 2,262 2,079 1,831 2,145 *124

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 4,946 2,983 2,138 2,032 2,248 69

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

- Quantity zero. 

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘About how long has it been since you last saw a dentist?’’ Respondents were instructed to include all types of dentists, such as orthodontists, 

oral surgeons, and all other dental specialists, as well as dental hygienists. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the frequency distributions (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons aged 18 years and over’’ column. Numbers may not add to totals 

due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 129

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 130 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 39. Age-adjusted percent distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Months since last contact1

More than More than More than

6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

but not but not but not 5 years

6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic Total or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 43.3 (0.44) 17.0 (0.30) 13.3 (0.26) 12.6 (0.26) 13.2 (0.28) 0.7 (0.07)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 43.7 (0.45) 16.8 (0.29) 13.2 (0.26) 12.4 (0.26) 13.2 (0.28) 0.7 (0.06)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 40.2 (0.61) 16.1 (0.42) 13.6 (0.39) 13.8 (0.39) 15.3 (0.43) 1.1 (0.12)

Female .................................. 100.0 46.3 (0.55) 17.8 (0.41) 13.0 (0.34) 11.4 (0.32) 11.2 (0.31) 0.4 (0.06)

Age4

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 39.7 (0.56) 18.8 (0.44) 15.3 (0.39) 14.1 (0.40) 11.1 (0.35) 1.1 (0.11)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 49.0 (0.73) 15.8 (0.46) 12.1 (0.44) 10.8 (0.39) 12.0 (0.43) 0.3 (0.06)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 46.4 (1.17) 13.6 (0.80) 9.7 (0.72) 11.0 (0.64) 18.9 (0.89) *0.4 (0.17)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 41.7 (1.21) 13.2 (0.76) 8.6 (0.64) 11.0 (0.75) 25.2 (1.10) *0.3 (0.12)

Race

One race5 ................................ 100.0 43.3 (0.45) 17.0 (0.30) 13.3 (0.27) 12.5 (0.26) 13.1 (0.28) 0.7 (0.07)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 45.1 (0.51) 16.3 (0.34) 13.0 (0.30) 12.3 (0.30) 12.6 (0.31) 0.6 (0.07)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 31.1 (0.89) 19.8 (0.79) 16.0 (0.71) 14.8 (0.65) 17.6 (0.70) 0.8 (0.16)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 36.9 (3.98) 16.1 (2.87) 16.6 (3.03) 11.0 (2.69) 16.6 (3.38) *2.7 (1.23)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 42.8 (1.45) 21.3 (1.18) 12.5 (1.04) 11.9 (1.01) 9.2 (0.82) 2.4 (0.43)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 34.4 (7.05) *21.6 (7.55) *10.2 (5.01) *14.3 (5.80) 19.6 (5.04) –

Two or more races6 .......................... 100.0 39.6 (2.91) 14.8 (2.02) 12.6 (2.07) 13.7 (1.87) 19.3 (2.42) †

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 42.4 (5.72) 13.4 (3.88) *5.1 (1.89) 17.0 (2.48) 21.9 (4.39) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 36.0 (4.64) 14.6 (3.28) 9.1 (2.43) 13.9 (2.94) 26.3 (4.63) –

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 29.8 (0.83) 17.9 (0.66) 16.3 (0.63) 16.4 (0.64) 17.2 (0.71) 2.5 (0.30)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 26.8 (1.06) 17.2 (0.87) 17.2 (0.86) 17.0 (0.85) 18.9 (0.94) 2.8 (0.41)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 45.4 (0.49) 16.9 (0.33) 12.9 (0.29) 12.0 (0.28) 12.4 (0.30) 0.4 (0.05)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 48.1 (0.56) 16.1 (0.39) 12.4 (0.34) 11.5 (0.33) 11.6 (0.34) 0.2 (0.05)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 30.9 (0.91) 19.9 (0.82) 16.1 (0.73) 14.7 (0.65) 17.7 (0.72) 0.7 (0.16)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 22.8 (0.88) 14.4 (0.71) 14.8 (0.72) 15.4 (0.70) 30.2 (0.94) 2.5 (0.32)

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 100.0 35.5 (0.79) 16.3 (0.57) 14.3 (0.55) 15.7 (0.60) 17.5 (0.61) 0.8 (0.15)

Some college .............................. 100.0 45.6 (0.76) 17.3 (0.55) 13.8 (0.50) 11.9 (0.49) 11.2 (0.51) *0.2 (0.05)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 61.6 (0.74) 16.0 (0.52) 9.6 (0.44) 7.7 (0.40) 4.6 (0.29) 0.4 (0.09)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 27.5 (0.57) 15.5 (0.44) 15.8 (0.45) 17.6 (0.44) 22.4 (0.53) 1.3 (0.14)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 50.9 (0.56) 17.7 (0.40) 12.1 (0.32) 10.2 (0.32) 8.7 (0.31) 0.4 (0.07)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 37.5 (0.96) 18.3 (0.70) 15.3 (0.73) 14.3 (0.70) 13.9 (0.66) 0.8 (0.19)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 46.2 (0.92) 17.9 (0.73) 12.9 (0.61) 11.7 (0.59) 10.7 (0.60) 0.6 (0.15)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 52.2 (1.22) 18.3 (0.94) 11.5 (0.81) 10.5 (0.80) 7.4 (0.72) †

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 63.9 (1.00) 16.8 (0.81) 9.4 (0.62) 5.9 (0.53) 3.7 (0.43) *0.3 (0.12)

Poverty status11

Poor .................................. 100.0 24.1 (0.80) 14.2 (0.63) 15.6 (0.65) 17.6 (0.71) 26.7 (0.83) 1.8 (0.23)

Near poor ............................... 100.0 27.1 (0.85) 15.8 (0.65) 15.9 (0.63) 18.6 (0.72) 21.4 (0.75) 1.2 (0.19)

Not poor................................ 100.0 51.4 (0.54) 17.6 (0.39) 12.0 (0.32) 10.0 (0.32) 8.6 (0.31) 0.3 (0.06)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 131

Table 39. Age-adjusted percent distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Months since last contact1

More than More than More than

6 months, 1 year, 2 years, More than

but not but not but not 5 years

6 months more than more than more than (excluding

Selected characteristic Total or less 1 year ago 2 years ago 5 years ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 53.4 (0.57) 18.7 (0.44) 12.5 (0.37) 9.2 (0.32) 5.8 (0.26) 0.4 (0.07)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 30.7 (1.20) 20.0 (1.07) 17.2 (0.95) 15.0 (0.86) 16.1 (0.91) 0.8 (0.19)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 42.0 (2.13) 14.7 (1.39) 13.0 (1.47) 13.8 (1.35) 16.3 (1.64) †

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 17.9 (0.69) 14.1 (0.60) 17.7 (0.68) 22.6 (0.74) 25.8 (0.78) 2.0 (0.24)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 51.4 (1.17) 13.2 (0.73) 8.6 (0.69) 8.7 (0.60) 17.7 (0.95) *0.4 (0.18)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 18.1 (2.07) 11.6 (1.63) 12.0 (1.54) 16.5 (2.08) 41.4 (2.74) †

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 39.4 (1.47) 13.5 (0.96) 10.0 (0.86) 12.4 (0.90) 24.4 (1.20) *0.2 (0.11)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 38.8 (3.21) 17.0 (2.44) 7.3 (1.55) 15.2 (2.29) 21.3 (2.47) †

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 17.9 (4.90) † † *29.0 (11.08) 25.9 (7.64) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 48.3 (0.61) 16.6 (0.41) 12.2 (0.37) 11.1 (0.36) 11.0 (0.37) 0.8 (0.09)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 33.5 (3.51) 16.7 (3.70) 14.4 (2.86) 16.4 (3.42) 18.9 (3.38) †

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 36.3 (1.01) 17.5 (0.79) 15.0 (0.75) 14.0 (0.67) 16.8 (0.83) 0.4 (0.10)

Never married.............................. 100.0 39.8 (0.96) 16.0 (0.59) 12.9 (0.56) 14.2 (0.65) 16.1 (0.71) 1.0 (0.16)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 34.4 (1.80) 14.8 (1.02) 14.1 (0.95) 17.9 (1.45) 18.5 (1.46) *0.4 (0.12)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 44.6 (0.60) 17.7 (0.40) 13.4 (0.36) 12.5 (0.37) 11.0 (0.35) 0.9 (0.10)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 44.2 (0.88) 16.2 (0.52) 12.6 (0.47) 12.0 (0.46) 14.4 (0.58) 0.6 (0.11)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 37.2 (0.94) 16.1 (0.78) 14.4 (0.74) 14.1 (0.70) 17.7 (0.66) *0.5 (0.14)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 47.3 (1.11) 19.1 (0.84) 12.7 (0.67) 10.3 (0.64) 10.2 (0.61) 0.4 (0.12)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 46.6 (0.89) 16.3 (0.60) 12.5 (0.51) 12.1 (0.55) 12.0 (0.60) 0.5 (0.11)

South ................................... 100.0 39.2 (0.71) 16.6 (0.50) 13.4 (0.45) 13.5 (0.43) 16.4 (0.52) 0.9 (0.13)

West ................................... 100.0 43.3 (0.97) 16.6 (0.54) 14.3 (0.54) 13.4 (0.52) 11.6 (0.53) 0.8 (0.14)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 27.6 (1.23) 16.3 (0.95) 17.1 (1.01) 16.8 (0.97) 18.6 (1.06) 3.6 (0.52)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 32.4 (1.10) 19.3 (0.93) 15.8 (0.87) 15.7 (0.87) 15.4 (0.90) 1.3 (0.24)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 45.0 (0.78) 15.3 (0.54) 12.6 (0.50) 13.0 (0.49) 13.7 (0.53) 0.3 (0.09)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 51.1 (0.71) 16.8 (0.54) 12.2 (0.45) 10.1 (0.41) 9.6 (0.37) *0.1 (0.05)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 27.5 (1.36) 19.2 (1.18) 17.6 (1.13) 15.5 (1.00) 19.2 (1.13) *1.0 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 33.8 (1.19) 20.5 (1.04) 14.9 (0.90) 14.0 (0.84) 16.2 (0.91) 0.5 (0.14)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

Based on a question in the survey that asked respondents, ‘‘About how long has it been since you last saw a dentist?’’ Respondents were instructed to include all types of dentists, such as 

orthodontists, oral surgeons, and all other dental specialists, as well as dental hygienists. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 132 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XXII in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 133

Table 40. Frequency distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

All persons

aged HIV testing status among persons aged 18 years and over1

18 years

Selected characteristic and over Ever tested Never tested

Number in thousands2

Total3 ................................... 229,505 87,227 132,391

Sex

Male ................................... 110,929 38,268 67,883

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,576 48,959 64,508

Age

18–44 years ............................... 110,615 54,358 52,605

45–64 years ............................... 80,198 28,154 48,142

65–74 years ............................... 21,291 3,433 16,788

75 years and over ........................... 17,401 1,282 14,855

Race

One race4 ................................ 226,314 85,468 131,057

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185,330 64,936 112,366

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,807 15,993 10,704

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 1,795 712 959

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,096 3,735 6,840

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 284 *92 *189

Two or more races5 .......................... 3,191 1,760 1,333

Black or African American, white ................. 625 406 209

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,394 703 608

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 32,094 13,604 17,280

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,712 7,803 11,174

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 197,411 73,623 115,111

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,119 52,905 96,310

Black or African American, single race ............. 26,689 15,319 10,294

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 28,159 9,133 17,697

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 53,058 17,385 33,014

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,710 24,635 29,693

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 61,185 25,933 32,510

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 74,281 28,986 42,040

$35,000 or more ............................ 141,904 54,713 81,754

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 31,868 11,219 19,412

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 38,780 15,343 22,146

$75,000–‘$99,999 .......................... 26,379 9,775 15,545

$100,000 or more .......................... 44,877 18,377 24,650

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,677 12,971 14,494

Near poor ................................ 36,390 14,073 21,012

Not poor ................................. 145,271 54,895 84,527

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 134 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 40. Frequency distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

All persons

aged HIV testing status among persons aged 18 years and over1

18 years

Selected characteristic and over Ever tested Never tested

Health insurance coverage11 Number in thousands2

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 123,257 50,200 68,060

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,030 9,948 7,242

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,012 4,269 3,399

Uninsured ............................... 40,684 17,755 21,616

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20,579 2,148 17,392

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 2,633 489 1,953

Medicare only ............................ 12,633 1,520 10,315

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,406 449 1,701

Uninsured ............................... 379 *100 251

Marital status

Married .................................. 124,307 44,897 73,902

Widowed ................................. 13,676 1,981 10,865

Divorced or separated......................... 26,083 12,042 12,658

Never married.............................. 49,249 19,141 28,403

Living with a partner .......................... 15,915 9,032 6,453

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 121,307 50,248 65,249

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,921 25,844 43,386

Not in MSA ............................... 36,277 11,135 23,756

Region

Northeast ................................ 40,577 15,337 23,328

Midwest ................................. 53,316 17,724 33,335

South ................................... 81,721 32,881 45,523

West ................................... 53,891 21,285 30,204

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 16,529 5,889 10,117

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 15,565 7,715 7,163

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 75,723 23,493 48,814

White, single race, female ..................... 80,396 29,412 47,495

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 11,959 6,492 4,975

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 14,730 8,827 5,319

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision. 

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘Have you ever been tested for HIV?’’ Note that this question is different from the 1999 version, ‘‘Have you ever had your blood tested for the 

AIDS virus infection?’’ HIV is human immunodeficiency virus. Any HIV test as part of a blood donation is not included. 

2

Unknowns for the columns are not included in the frequencies (see Appendix I), but they are included in the ‘‘All persons 18 years of age and over’’ column. The numbers in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 135

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 136 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table 41. Age-adjusted percent distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010

HIV testing status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Selected characteristic Total Ever tested Never tested

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 40.2 (0.41) 59.8 (0.41)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 39.7 (0.43) 60.3 (0.43)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 35.6 (0.57) 64.4 (0.57)

Female .................................. 100.0 44.8 (0.52) 55.2 (0.52)

Age4

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 50.8 (0.60) 49.2 (0.60)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 36.9 (0.63) 63.1 (0.63)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 17.0 (0.86) 83.0 (0.86)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 7.9 (0.66) 92.1 (0.66)

Race

One race5 ................................ 100.0 40.0 (0.41) 60.0 (0.41)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 37.6 (0.45) 62.4 (0.45)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 57.8 (0.94) 42.2 (0.94)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 41.0 (3.72) 59.0 (3.72)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 34.1 (1.41) 65.9 (1.41)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 29.6 (6.80) 70.4 (6.80)

Two or more races6 .......................... 100.0 51.5 (2.55) 48.5 (2.55)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 60.6 (6.02) 39.4 (6.02)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 50.4 (4.47) 49.6 (4.47)

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 41.0 (0.85) 59.0 (0.85)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 37.7 (1.05) 62.3 (1.05)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 40.2 (0.46) 59.8 (0.46)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 37.3 (0.52) 62.7 (0.52)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 57.8 (0.97) 42.2 (0.97)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 37.8 (1.02) 62.2 (1.02)

High school diploma or GED9 .................... 100.0 37.5 (0.77) 62.5 (0.77)

Some college .............................. 100.0 44.8 (0.71) 55.2 (0.71)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 43.0 (0.69) 57.0 (0.69)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 42.5 (0.61) 57.5 (0.61)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 39.5 (0.52) 60.5 (0.52)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 37.7 (1.01) 62.3 (1.01)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 40.4 (0.89) 59.6 (0.89)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 37.6 (1.22) 62.4 (1.22)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 41.5 (0.96) 58.5 (0.96)

Poverty status11

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 44.7 (0.92) 55.3 (0.92)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 40.4 (0.89) 59.6 (0.89)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 39.9 (0.51) 60.1 (0.51)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 137

Table 41. Age-adjusted percent distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

HIV testing status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Selected characteristic Total Ever tested Never tested

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 43.9 (0.57) 56.1 (0.57)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 57.3 (1.30) 42.7 (1.30)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 61.8 (2.14) 38.2 (2.14)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 44.5 (0.92) 55.5 (0.92)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 10.8 (0.73) 89.2 (0.73)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 19.4 (2.24) 80.6 (2.24)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 12.5 (0.89) 87.5 (0.89)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 20.3 (2.48) 79.7 (2.48)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 *25.6 (8.34) 74.4 (8.34)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 40.3 (0.55) 59.7 (0.55)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 36.0 (4.10) 64.0 (4.10)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 52.4 (1.02) 47.6 (1.02)

Never married.............................. 100.0 36.3 (0.83) 63.7 (0.83)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 53.8 (1.84) 46.2 (1.84)

Place of residence13

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 43.3 (0.54) 56.7 (0.54)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 37.9 (0.74) 62.1 (0.74)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 33.9 (1.17) 66.1 (1.17)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 41.5 (0.98) 58.5 (0.98)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 35.2 (0.86) 64.8 (0.86)

South ................................... 100.0 42.3 (0.71) 57.7 (0.71)

West ................................... 100.0 40.9 (0.76) 59.1 (0.76)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 35.3 (1.23) 64.7 (1.23)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 47.8 (1.14) 52.2 (1.14)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 32.9 (0.73) 67.1 (0.73)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 41.7 (0.69) 58.3 (0.69)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 54.5 (1.56) 45.5 (1.56)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 61.0 (1.15) 39.0 (1.15)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision. 

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘Have you ever been tested for HIV?’’ Note that this question is different from 1999 version, ‘‘Have you ever had your blood tested for the AIDS 

virus infection?’’ HIV is human immunodeficiency virus. Any HIV test as part of a blood donation is not included. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 138 [ Series 10, No. 252

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population using two age groups for

persons under age 65 (18–44 years and 45–64 years), and two age groups for persons aged 65 years and over (65–74 years and 75 years and over).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population using four age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Table XXIII in Appendix III.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
� 

n

r pi i i=1

Est = , n

� pi i=1

Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 139

Appendix I. Technical Notes on Methods (with Tables I–III)

This report is one of a set of

statistical reports published by the staff

of the Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention’s National Center for Health

Statistics (NCHS). It is based on data

contained in the 2010 in-house Sample

Adult and Person files, which are

derived from the Sample Adult and

Family Core components of the National

Health Interview Survey (NHIS). All

estimates were weighted using the

Sample Adult Record Weight and the

in-house data file. The detailed sample

design information was used to produce

the most accurate variance estimates

possible. Analysts should note that

estimates and variances may differ

depending on the weight used.

All data used in the report are also

available from the public-use data files

with the exception of detailed

information on race and Hispanic or

Latino origin and on the sample design.

Detailed sample design variables and

detailed information on race and

Hispanic or Latino origin cannot be

made available on the public-use file

due to potential disclosure of

confidential information. Standard errors

(SEs) produced using the SUDAAN

statistical package (19) are shown for all

percentages in the tables. SEs for

frequencies are calculated but not shown

in the tables. Percentages and

frequencies with relative standard errors

(RSEs) greater than 30% but less than

or equal to 50% are considered

unreliable and are indicated with an

asterisk (*). Estimates with an RSE

greater than 50% are replaced with a

dagger (†) and are not shown. RSEs are

calculated as:

RSE = (SE/Est)100,

where SE is the standard error of the

estimate and Est is the estimate

(percentage or frequency). The

reliability of frequencies and their

corresponding percentages is determined

independently, so it is possible for a

particular frequency to be reliable and

its associated percentage unreliable, and

vice versa.

Age Adjustment

Unless otherwise specified,

percentages shown in Tables 1–41 were

age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population

provided by the U.S. Census Bureau

(17,18). Age adjustment was used to

allow comparison among various

population subgroups that have different

age structures. This is particularly

important for demographic

characteristics such as race and

ethnicity, education, and marital status.

It is also helpful for other

characteristics.

Age-adjusted rates are calculated by

the direct method as:

where ri = rate in age group i in the

population of interest,

pi = standard population in age

group i,

n = total number of age groups

used for age adjustment,

and

Est = age-adjusted rate.

The standard age distribution used

for age adjusting estimates from NHIS

is the projected 2000 U.S. population as

the standard population. Table I shows

the age distributions used to perform

age adjustment. For all tables, the age

groups used to age adjust estimates were

18–44, 45–64, 65–74, and 75 years and

over unless otherwise noted. Table I

provides age distribution and

age-adjustment weights used in age

adjusting data. Health insurance and

education are restricted to certain age

groups and are therefore adjusted

accordingly (for age groups used, see

relevant table footnotes). Using different

age groups for age adjustment may

result in slightly different estimates. For

this reason, age-adjusted estimates for

health characteristics in this report may

not match age-adjusted estimates for the

same health characteristics in other

reports. Unadjusted estimates were also

calculated and are provided in Appendix

III, Tables IV–XXIII.

For more information on the

derivation of age-adjustment weights for

use with NCHS survey data, see Klein

and Schoenborn (18), which is available

through NCHS at http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs/data/statnt/statnt20.pdf. The

projected year 2000 U.S. resident

population is available through the

Census Bureau at http://www.census.

gov/prod/1/pop/p25-1130/p251130.pdf.

Treatment of Unknown

Values

In the tables, all unknown values

(responses coded as ‘‘refused,’’ ‘‘don’t

know,’’ or ‘‘not ascertained’’) with

respect to each table’s variables of

interest were removed from the

denominators when calculating row

percentages. In most instances, the

overall number of unknowns is quite

small and would not support

disaggregation by the demographic

characteristics included in the table.

Because these unknowns are not shown

separately, users calculating their own

percentages based on the frequencies

and population counts presented in the

tables may obtain slightly different

results. To aid understanding of the data,

weighted counts and percentages of

unknowns (with respect to the variables

of interest in each table) are shown in

Table II.

Unknowns with respect to the

demographic characteristics used in each

table are not shown due to small cell

counts. However, unknowns for both

family income and poverty status

typically include a sizable number of

persons regardless of the health outcome

shown in the table. Missing data on

family income and personal earnings in

NHIS have been imputed by NCHS

analysts using multiple-imputation

methodology. Five ASCII data sets

containing imputed values for the survey

year and additional information about

the imputed income files can be found
Page 140 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table I. Age distributions and age-adjustment weights used in age adjusting data shown in

Tables 1–41: Projected 2000 U.S. standard population

Population Adjustment

Age in thousands weight

Distribution #1 (Tables 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41)

18 years and over ................. 203,851 1.000000 

18–44 years .................... 108,150 0.530535 

45–64 years .................... 60,991 0.299194 

65–74 years .................... 18,136 0.088967 

75 years and over ................ 16,574 0.081304 

Distribution #2 (Tables 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37,

39, 41—Education)

25 years and over ................. 177,593 1.000000

25–44 years .................... 81,892 0.461122

45–64 years .................... 60,991 0.343431

65–74 years .................... 18,136 0.102121

75 years and over ................ 16,574 0.093326

Distribution #3 (Tables 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39,

41—Health insurance coverage)

18–64 years ..................... 169,141 1.000000

18–44 years .................... 108,150 0.639406

45–64 years .................... 60,991 0.360593

Distribution #4 (Tables 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39,

41—Health insurance coverage)

65 years and over ................. 34,710 1.000000

65–74 years .................... 18,136 0.522501

75 years and over ................ 16,574 0.477499

NOTE: These figures reflect the standard as specified in: Shalala DE. HHS policy for changing the population standard for age

adjusting death rates. Memorandum from the Secretary. August 26, 1998.

at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.

However, income and poverty estimates

in this publication are based on reported

income only and may differ from other

measures that are based on imputed data

(which were not available when this

report was prepared). Because it is

difficult to interpret the relationship

between ‘‘unknown’’ income (or poverty

status) and the health outcomes

displayed in the tables, counts of

persons in these unknown categories are

not shown in the tables. Table III shows

weighted counts (in thousands) and

weighted percentages of adults with

unknown values for poverty status and

family income, as well as for education,

health insurance, and marital status.

The ‘‘Income and Assets’’ section in

the Family Core of the NHIS instrument

allows respondents to report their family

income in several ways. Respondents

are first asked to provide their family’s

total combined income before taxes

from all sources for the previous

calendar year in a dollar amount (from

$0 up to $999,995). Any family income

responses greater than $999,995 are

entered as $999,996. From 1997 through

2006, respondents who did not know or

refused to state an amount were then

asked if their family’s combined income

in the previous calendar year was

$20,000 or more, or less than $20,000.

If they again refused to answer or said

they did not know, they were not asked

any more questions about their family

income. Respondents who replied to the

‘‘above/below $20,000’’ question were

then handed a list of detailed income

categories (top-coded at $75,000 or

more) and were asked to pick the

interval containing their best estimate of

their combined family income.

However, starting with survey year

2007, the income follow-up questions

were changed. Modifications in the

1997–2006 income follow-up questions

were explored because the 1997–2006

income follow-up questions had not

appreciably increased the analytic

usability of family income data or of the

poverty ratio in NHIS. During the

second quarter of 2006, a portion of the

NHIS sample participated in a field test

that evaluated an alternative way to ask

respondents about family income in an

attempt to decrease the frequency of

unknown responses to family income

and poverty status variables. Based on

results of the 2006 field test, NHIS

family income questions were modified

starting with the first quarter of 2007.

In the 2010 NHIS, respondents who

did not know or refused to state an

income amount were asked if their

family’s combined income in the

previous calendar year was $50,000 or

more or less than $50,000. If they again

refused to answer or said they did not

know, they were not asked any more

questions about their family’s income. If

the respondent indicated that the

family’s income was less than $50,000,

at most two additional follow-up

questions were asked: (a) if the family

income was less than (or at least)

$35,000, and (b) if it was less than

$35,000, whether the family income was

less than the poverty threshold. The

family’s poverty threshold was prefilled

by the computer-assisted personal

interviewing (CAPI) instrument using

information collected earlier in the

interview.

If the respondent initially indicated

that the family income was $50,000 or

more, at most two additional follow-up

questions were asked: (a) if the family

income was less than (or at least)

$100,000, and (b) if it was less than

$100,000, whether the family income

was less than (or at least) $75,000.

NHIS respondents thus fall into one

of four categories with respect to

income information: (a) those who

supplied a dollar amount (82% of

sample adults in 2010), (b) those who

indicated a range for their income by

answering all of the applicable

follow-up questions (13% of sample

adults), (c) those who indicated a less

precise range for their family’s income

by answering only some of the

applicable follow-up questions (2% of

sample adults), and (d) those who

provided no income information (3% of

sample adults) (unweighted results).

Respondents who stated that their

family income was below $35,000 are

included in the ‘‘Less than $35,000’’

category under ‘‘Family income’’ in the

tables in this report, along with

respondents who gave an income range

that was less than $35,000. Likewise,

respondents who stated that their family

income was at or above $35,000 are

included in the ‘‘$35,000 or more’’
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 141

Table II. Weighted counts and weighted percentages of persons aged 18 years and over category under ‘‘Family income,’’ along with unknown health information: National Health Interview Survey, 2010 with those respondents who gave an

Weighted count Weighted Reference income range that was $35,000 or more.

Variable in thousands percent table Users will note that the counts for the

Total heart disease .............................. 310 0.14 1,2 detailed (indented) amounts do not sum

Coronary heart disease ........................... 374 0.16 1,2 to the count shown for ‘‘$35,000 or

Hypertension ................................. 466 0.20 1,2 more’’ for this reason.

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Emphysema ..................................

Asthma (ever) .................................

239

160

154

0.10

0.07

0.07

3,4

3,4

3,4

A poverty status variable was

created for all respondents. Poverty

Asthma (still) ................................. 387 0.17 3,4 status is the ratio of family income in

Hay fever ....................................

Sinusitis ....................................

Chronic bronchitis ..............................

Any cancer ...................................

154

186

118

143

0.07

0.08

0.05

0.06

3,4

3,4

3,4

5,6

the previous calendar year to the

appropriate 2009 poverty threshold

(given family size and number of

Breast cancer ................................. 263 0.11 5,6 children) defined by the U.S. Census

Cervical cancer (women only) .......................

Prostate cancer (men only) .........................

Diabetes1 ....................................

149

114

2,954

0.13

0.10

1.29

5,6

5,6

7,8

Bureau (15). Different poverty

thresholds were used in creating the

Ulcers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 0.09 7,8 poverty ratios for respondents who

Kidney disease ................................ 183 0.08 7,8 provided a dollar amount and

Liver disease .................................

Arthritic diagnosis ...............................

Chronic joint symptoms ...........................

154

56

175

0.07

0.02

0.08

7,8

7,8

7,8

respondents who specified only an

income category in the follow-up

Migraine or severe headaches ....................... 122 0.05 9,10 questions. In a small number of cases

Pain in neck ..................................

Pain in lower back ..............................

Pain in face or jaw ..............................

Hearing problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

146

132

118

131

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.06

9,10

9,10

9,10

11,12

(less than 0.5%), there may be

inconsistencies in the categorical

assignment of families in the detailed

Vision problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 0.05 11,12 poverty ratio variables, reflecting the

Absence of all natural teeth ........................ 86 0.04 11,12 source of the income information. For

Sadness ....................................

Hopelessness .................................

Worthlessness ................................

1,562

1,609

1,635

0.68

0.70

0.71

13,14

13,14

13,14

further information, consult the 2010

NHIS Survey Description available

Everything is an effort ............................ 1,717 0.75 13,14 from: ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/

Nervousness .................................

Restlessness .................................

Work-loss days ................................

Bed days ....................................

1,533

1,522

468

1,454

0.67

0.66

0.30

0.64

15,16

15,16

17

17

Health_Statistics/NCHS/

Dataset_Documentation/NHIS/2010/

srvydesc.pdf.

Any difficulty in physical functioning ...................

Difficulty walking quarter-mile2 .......................

Difficulty climbing 10 steps2 .........................

Difficulty standing 2 hours2 .........................

Difficulty sitting 2 hours2 ..........................

657

5,152

2,792

4,254

1,629

0.29

2.25

1.22

1.85

0.71

18,19

18,19

18,19

18,19

18,19

Adults who are categorized as

‘‘Poor’’ had a ratio less than 1.0; that is,

their family income was strictly below

the poverty threshold. The ‘‘Near poor’’

Difficulty stooping, bending, or kneeling2 ................

Difficulty reaching over one’s head2 ...................

Difficulty using fingers to grasp or handle small objects2 .......

Difficulty lifting or carrying 10 pounds2 ..................

2,402

1,266

946

2,780

1.05

0.55

0.41

1.21

18,19

18,19

18,19

18,19

category includes those adults with

family incomes of 100% to less than

200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not

Difficulty pushing or pulling large object2 ................ 6,379 2.78 18,19 poor’’ adults have family incomes that

Current health status .............................

Change in health status since last year..................

Current cigarette smoking status .....................

Alcohol drinking status ...........................

148

446

1,513

3,563

0.07

0.19

0.66

1.55

20–23

22,23

24,25

26,27

are 200% of the poverty threshold or

greater. The remaining groups of

respondents—those who did not supply

Current drinking frequency or amount (current drinkers only) .... 759 0.33 26,27 sufficient income information in the

Former drinking frequency or amount (former drinkers only) .....

Leisure-time activity status .........................

Leisure-time vigorous physical activity ..................

Body mass index ...............................

41

4,373

2,787

7,941

0.02

1.95

1.21

3.46

26,27

28,29

28,29

30,31

follow-up questions to categorize as a

three-category poverty status variable, as

well as those who did not provide any

Usual place of health care ......................... 2,500 1.09 32,33 income information—are, by necessity,

Type of usual place of health care ....................

Office visits to doctor in past 12 months .................

Length of time since last physician contact ...............

Length of time since last dentist contact .................

2,002

4,003

3,823

3,407

1.06

1.74

1.67

1.48

32,33

34,35

36,37

38,39

coded as ‘‘unknown’’ with respect to

poverty status. Family income

information is missing for 4% of the

HIV3 testing status .............................. 9,887 4.31 40,41 U.S. adult population, and poverty status

1

Unknown includes those who respond ‘‘borderline.’’

2

Unknown includes those who respond ‘‘do not do this activity.’’

information is missing for 8% of the

U.S. adult population (weighted results). 3

Human immunodeficiency virus. Similarly, 3% of the adult sample is

missing information on income, and 9%
Page 142 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table III. Weighted counts and weighted percentages of persons aged 18 years and over

with unknown information on selected sociodemographic characteristics: National Health

Interview Survey, 2010

Weighted count Weighted Reference

Variable in thousands percentage table

Poverty status (total population aged 18 years and over) ..... 19,167 8.35 1–41

Poverty status (employed persons aged 18 years and over).... 9,898 6.38 17

Family income (total population aged 18 years and over) ..... 8,193 3.57 1–41

Family income (employed persons aged 18 years and over) . . . 4,526 2.92 17

Education (persons aged 25 years and over) ............ 947 0.47 1–41

Education (employed persons aged 25 years and over) ...... 407 0.30 17

Health insurance (persons aged 18–64 years) ............ 830 0.43 1–41

Health insurance (persons aged 65 years and over) ........ 62 0.16 1–41

Health insurance (employed persons aged 18–64 years)...... 662 0.45 17

Health insurance (employed persons aged 65 years and over) . 17 0.22 17

Marital status (total population aged 18 years and over) ...... 276 0.12 1–41

Marital status (employed persons aged 18 years and over) .... 174 0.11 17

of the adult sample is missing

information on poverty status

(unweighted results).

Hypothesis Tests

Two-tailed tests of significance

were performed for all of the

comparisons mentioned in the ‘‘Selected

Highlights’’ section of this report. No

adjustments were made for multiple

comparisons. The test statistic used to

determine statistical significance of the

difference between two percentages was:

|Xa – Xb

|

Z = , √Sa

2 + Sb2

where Xa and Xb are the two

percentages being compared, and Sa and

Sb are the SUDAAN-calculated standard

errors of those percentages. The critical

value used for two-sided tests at the

0.05 level was 1.96.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 143

Appendix II. Definitions of Selected Terms

Sociodemographic Terms

Age—The age recorded for each

adult is the age at the last birthday. Age

is recorded in single years and grouped

using a variety of age categories

depending on the purpose of the table.

Education—Categories of education

are based on years of school completed

or highest degree obtained for persons

aged 25 and over. Only years completed

in a school that advances a person

toward an elementary or high school

diploma, General Educational

Development (GED) high school

equivalency diploma, or college,

university, or professional degree are

included. Education in other schools and

home schooling are counted only if the

credits are accepted in a regular school

system.

Employment—Persons aged 18

years and over were classified as

currently employed if they reported that

they either worked at or had a job or

business at any time during the 1-week

period preceding the interview. Current

employment includes paid work as an

employee in business, farming, or a

professional practice, and unpaid work

in a family business or farm. Persons

temporarily absent from a job or

business because of a temporary illness,

vacation, strike, or bad weather were

considered currently employed if they

expected to work as soon as the

particular event causing the absence no

longer existed. Freelance workers were

considered currently employed if they

had a definite arrangement with one or

more employers to work for pay

according to a weekly or monthly

schedule, either full time or part time.

Excluded from the currently

employed population are persons who

have no definite employment schedule

but work only when their services are

needed. Also excluded from the

currently employed population are (a)

persons receiving revenue from an

enterprise but not participating in its

operation, (b) persons doing housework

or charity work for which they received

no pay, (c) seasonal workers during the

portion of the year when they were not

working, and (d) persons who were not

working, although they had a job or

business but were laid off and looking

for work.

The number of currently employed

persons estimated from NHIS will differ

from the estimates prepared from the

Current Population Survey (CPS) of the

U.S. Census Bureau for several reasons.

In addition to sampling variability, the

two surveys have the following primary

conceptual differences:

1.	 NHIS employment estimates are for

persons aged 18 years and over;

CPS estimates are for persons aged

16 years and over.

2.	 NHIS is a continuous survey with

separate samples taken weekly; CPS

is a monthly sample taken for the

survey week that includes the 19th

of the month.

This report combines adults

currently employed, as defined

previously, with those who were not

employed in the week preceding the

interview but who were employed

within the past 12 months, in order to

estimate the number of employed and

unemployed adults for the year.

Family income—Each member of a

family is classified according to the total

income of all family members. Family

members are all persons within the

household related to each other by

blood, marriage, cohabitation, or

adoption. The income recorded is the

total income received by all family

members in the previous calendar year.

Income from all sources includes wages,

salaries, military pay (when an Armed

Forces member lived in the family),

pensions, government payments, child

support or alimony, dividends, and help

from relatives. Unrelated individuals

living in the same household (e.g.,

roommates) are considered to be

separate families and are classified

according to their own incomes.

Health insurance coverage—NHIS

respondents were asked about their

health insurance coverage at the time of

interview. Respondents reported whether

they were covered by private insurance

(obtained from their employer or

workplace, purchased directly, or

purchased through a local or community

program), Medicare, Medigap

(supplemental Medicare coverage),

Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance

Program (CHIP), Indian Health Service

(IHS), military coverage (including VA,

TRICARE, or CHAMP–VA), a

state-sponsored health plan, another

government program, or single-service

plans. This information was used to

form two health insurance hierarchies:

one for those under age 65 years and

another for those aged 65 years and

over.

For persons under age 65 years, a

health insurance hierarchy of four

mutually exclusive categories was

developed (20,21). Persons with more

than one type of health insurance were

assigned to the first appropriate category

in the following hierarchy:

Private coverage—Includes persons

who had any comprehensive private

insurance plan (including health

maintenance organizations and

preferred provider organizations).

These plans include those obtained

through an employer, purchased

directly, or purchased through local

or community programs.

Medicaid—Includes persons who do

not have private coverage but who

have Medicaid or other statesponsored health plans, including

CHIP.

Other coverage—Includes persons

who do not have private insurance

or Medicaid or other public

coverage but who have any type of

military health plan (includes VA,

TRICARE, and CHAMP–VA) or

Medicare. This category also

includes persons who are covered

by other government programs.

Uninsured—Includes persons who

have not indicated that they are

covered at the time of interview

under private health insurance (from

employer or workplace, purchased

directly, or purchased through a

state, local government, or
Page 144 [ Series 10, No. 252

community program), Medicare,

Medicaid, CHIP, a state-sponsored

health plan, other government

programs, or military health plan

(includes VA, TRICARE, and

CHAMP–VA). This category also

includes persons who are covered

by IHS only or who only have a

plan that pays for one type of

service such as accidents or dental

care.

For persons aged 65 years and over,

a health insurance hierarchy of five

mutually exclusive categories was

developed (22). Persons with more than

one type of health insurance were

assigned to the first appropriate category

in the following hierarchy:

Private coverage—Includes older

persons who have both Medicare

and any comprehensive private

health insurance plan (including

health maintenance organizations

and preferred provider

organizations). These plans include

those obtained through a current or

former employer, purchased directly,

or purchased through local or

community programs. This category

also includes persons with private

insurance only.

Medicare and Medicaid—Includes

older persons who do not have any

private coverage but who have

Medicare and Medicaid or other

state-sponsored health plans,

including CHIP.

Medicare only—Includes older

persons who only have Medicare

coverage.

Other coverage—Includes older

persons who have not been

previously classified as having

private, Medicare and Medicaid, or

Medicare-only coverage. This

category also includes older persons

who have only Medicaid, other

state-sponsored health plans, or

CHIP, as well as persons who have

any type of military health plan

(VA, TRICARE, and CHAMP–VA)

with or without Medicare.

Uninsured—Includes persons who

have not indicated that they are

covered at the time of interview

under private health insurance (from

employer or workplace, purchased

directly, or obtained through a state,

local government, or community

program), Medicare, Medicaid,

CHIP, a state-sponsored health plan,

other government programs, or

military health plan (includes VA,

TRICARE, and CHAMP-VA). This

category also includes persons who

are covered by IHS only or who

have only a plan that pays for one

type of service such as accidents or

dental care.

For less than 1% of adults,

coverage status (i.e., whether they are

insured or uninsured) is unknown.

Weighted frequencies indicate that

approximately 0.43% of the adult

population under age 65 years and less

than 0.16% of the adult population aged

65 years and over fall into this

‘‘Unknown’’ category.

Hispanic or Latino origin and

race—These are two separate and

distinct concepts. Persons of Hispanic or

Latino origin may be of any race.

Hispanic or Latino origin includes

persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican,

Cuban, Central and South American, or

Spanish origin. All tables show Mexican

or Mexican-American persons as a

subset of Hispanic or Latino. Other

groups are not shown for reasons of

confidentiality or statistical reliability.

In the 1997 and 1998 Summary

Health Statistics reports, Hispanic

ethnicity was shown as a part of race

and ethnicity, which also included

categories for ‘‘Non-Hispanic white,’’

‘‘Non-Hispanic black,’’ and ‘‘NonHispanic other’’ (some tables showed

Mexican-American persons as a subset

of Hispanic persons). Beginning in

1999, the categories for race were

expanded to be consistent with the 1997

Office of Management and Budget

(OMB) federal guidelines (12), and a

distinction is now made between the

characteristics of race and of Hispanic

or Latino origin and race. Hispanic or

Latino origin and race is divided into

‘‘Hispanic or Latino’’ and ‘‘Not

Hispanic or Latino.’’ ‘‘Hispanic or

Latino’’ includes the subset ‘‘Mexican or

Mexican American.’’ ‘‘Not Hispanic or

Latino’’ is further divided into ‘‘White,

single race’’ and ‘‘Black or African

American, single race.’’ Persons in these

categories indicated only a single race

group (see the definition of ‘‘Race’’ in

this appendix for more information).

Data are not shown for other ‘‘Not

Hispanic or Latino, single race’’ persons

or for multiple-race persons due to

statistical unreliability as measured by

the relative standard errors (RSEs) of

the estimates (but are included in the

total for ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’).

The text in this report uses shorter

versions of the current (1997) OMB

race and Hispanic or Latino origin terms

for conciseness, while the tables use the

complete terms. For example, the

category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino, Black

or African American, single race’’ in the

tables is referred to as ‘‘non-Hispanic

black’’ in the text.

Marital status—Respondents were

asked to choose a marital status

category. Adults could select the

category they felt most appropriate for

their marital situation. Beginning in

1997, a new marital status category,

‘‘Living with a partner,’’ also termed

‘‘cohabiting,’’ was added, and persons

who were living with a partner were

considered members of the same family,

whereas in the pre-1997 NHIS they

were considered separate families. A

legally annulled marriage is considered

as not having taken place. Marital status

is classified into the following five

categories:

Married—Includes all persons who

identify themselves as married and

who are not separated from their

spouses. Married persons living

apart because of circumstances of

their employment are considered

married. Persons may identify

themselves as married regardless of

the legal status of the marriage or

sex of the spouse.

Divorced or separated—Includes

persons who are legally separated

from their spouse or living apart for

reasons of marital discord, and

those who are divorced.

Widowed—Includes persons who

have lost their spouse due to death.

Never married—Includes persons

who were never married.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 145

Living with partner—Includes

unmarried persons regardless of sex

who are living together as a couple

but do not identify themselves as

married.

Place of residence—Classified in

this report in three categories: large

metropolitan statistical area (MSA) of 1

million or more persons, small MSA of

less than 1 million persons, and not in

an MSA. Generally, an MSA consists of

a county or group of counties containing

at least one urbanized area of 50,000 or

more population. In addition to the

county or counties that contain all or

part of the urbanized area, an MSA may

contain other adjacent counties that are

economically and socially integrated

with the central city. The number of

adjacent counties included in an MSA is

not limited, and boundaries may cross

state lines.

OMB defines MSAs according to

published standards that are applied to

U.S. Census Bureau data. The definition

of an MSA is periodically reviewed. For

1995–2005 NHIS data, MSA definitions

were based on the June 1993 MSA

definitions that resulted from application

of the 1990 OMB standards to the 1990

census. Beginning in 2006, the June

2003 metropolitan and micropolitan

statistical area definitions, which

resulted from application of the 2000

OMB standards to U.S. Census 2000,

are used for NCHS data. The 2000

criteria for designating MSAs differ

from the 1990 criteria in substantial

ways, including simplification of the

MSA classification criteria as well as

addition of a new category—

micropolitan statistical area—for some

nonmetropolitan counties. These changes

may lessen the comparability of

estimates by place of residence in

2006–2010 with estimates from earlier

years. Those who compare NHIS

frequencies across this transition in

OMB standards need to recognize that

some of the differences may be due to

the change in definitions of metropolitan

areas. In the tables for this report, place

of residence is based on variables in the

2010 in-house Household data file

indicating MSA status and MSA size.

These variables are collapsed into three

categories based on the U.S. Census

2000 population: MSAs with a

population of 1 million or more, MSAs

with a population of less than 1 million,

and areas that are not within an MSA.

Areas not in an MSA include both

micropolitan areas and areas outside the

core-based statistical areas. For

additional information about MSAs, see

the Census Bureau’s website at: http://

www.census.gov/population/metro/.

Poverty status—Based on family

income and family size using the U.S.

Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds.

‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as those

whose family incomes are below the

poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons

have family incomes of 100% to less

than 200% of the poverty threshold.

‘‘Not poor’’ persons have family

incomes that are 200% of the poverty

threshold or greater. More information

on the measurement of family income

and poverty status is available in

Appendix I.

Race—In the 1997 and 1998

Summary Health Statistics reports, race

and ethnicity consisted of four

categories: ‘‘Non-Hispanic white,’’

‘‘Non-Hispanic black,’’ ‘‘Non-Hispanic

other,’’ and ‘‘Hispanic’’ (some tables

showed Mexican-American persons as a

subset of Hispanic persons). Beginning

in 1999, the categories for race were

expanded to be consistent with the 1997

OMB federal guidelines (12), which

now distinguish persons of one race

from persons of two or more races. The

category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons

who indicated only a single race group,

and it includes subcategories for

‘‘White,’’ ‘‘Black or African American,’’

‘‘American Indian or Alaska Native’’

(AIAN), ‘‘Asian,’’ and ‘‘Native

Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.’’

The category ‘‘Two or more races’’

refers to persons who indicated more

than one race group. Estimates for

multiple-race combinations can only be

reported to the extent that they meet the

requirements for confidentiality and

statistical reliability. In this report, three

categories are shown for multiple-race

individuals, a summary category and

two multiple-race categories—‘‘Black or

African American and white’’ and

‘‘AIAN and white.’’ Other combinations

are not shown due to statistical

unreliability as measured by the RSEs

of the estimates (but they are included

in the total for ‘‘Two or more races’’).

Prior to 2003, ‘‘other race’’ was a

separate race response in NHIS,

although it was not shown separately in

the tables of the Summary Health

Statistics reports. In the 2003 NHIS,

however, editing procedures were

changed to maintain consistency with

U.S. Census Bureau procedures for

collecting and editing data on race and

ethnicity. As a result of these changes,

in cases where ‘‘other race’’ was

mentioned along with one or more

OMB race groups, the ‘‘other race’’

response is dropped and the OMB race

group information is retained on the

NHIS data file. In cases where ‘‘other

race’’ was the only race response, it is

treated as missing and the race is

imputed. Although this change has

resulted in an increase in the number of

persons in the OMB race category

‘‘White’’ because this is numerically the

largest group, the change is not expected

to have a substantial effect on the

estimates in this report. More

information about the race and ethnicity

editing procedures used by the Census

Bureau can be found at: http://www.

census.gov/popest/data/historical/files/

MRSF-01-US1.pdf.

The text in this report uses shorter

versions of the current (1997) OMB

race terms for conciseness, and the

tables use the complete terms. For

example, the category ‘‘Black or African

American, single race’’ in the tables is

referred to as ‘‘black’’ in the text.

Region—In the geographic

classification of the U.S. population,

states are grouped into four regions used

by the U.S. Census Bureau:

Region States included

Northeast Maine, Vermont, New

Hampshire, Massachusetts,

Connecticut, Rhode Island,

New York, New Jersey, and

Pennsylvania;

Midwest Ohio, Illinois, Indiana,

Michigan, Wisconsin,

Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri,

North Dakota, South Dakota,

Kansas, and Nebraska;
Page 146 [ Series 10, No. 252

South	 Delaware, Maryland, District

of Columbia, West Virginia,

Virginia, Kentucky,

Tennessee, North Carolina,

South Carolina, Georgia,

Florida, Alabama,

Mississippi, Louisiana,

Oklahoma, Arkansas, and

Texas;

West	 Washington, Oregon,

California, Nevada, New

Mexico, Arizona, Idaho,

Utah, Colorado, Montana,

Wyoming, Alaska, and

Hawaii.

Terms Related to Health

Characteristics or

Outcomes

Arthritis and chronic joint

symptoms—In 2002, major changes

were made to core questions about

arthritis and joint symptoms. Questions

about joint symptoms were altered to

exclude the respondent’s back and neck.

The reference period was changed from

‘‘past 12 months’’ to ‘‘past 30 days,’’

and chronic joint symptoms were

defined as having started ‘‘more than 3

months ago.’’ The arthritis diagnosis

question (‘‘Have you ever been told by

a doctor or other health professional that

you have arthritis . . .’’) was modified to

include ‘‘some form of arthritis,

rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or

fibromyalgia.’’ These questions have

remained unchanged since 2002, and

estimates for adults with self-reported

arthritis diagnosis and self-reported

chronic joint symptoms are shown

separately in Tables 7, 8, and VII.

Asthma—Covers both adults who

have ever been told they have asthma

by a doctor or other health professional,

and adults who still have asthma

(currently).

Bed day—A day during which a

person stayed in bed more than half a

day because of illness or injury. All

hospital days for inpatients are

considered bed days even if the patient

was not in bed more than half a day.

Conditions—A general term that

includes any specific illness (physical or

mental) or injury. From 1978 through

1996, six chronic condition lists were

used in NHIS. Those six lists covered

133 conditions. The 1997 (and beyond)

NHIS chronic condition data cover a

substantially reduced number of

conditions. All data in the 2010 Sample

Adult component are self-reported, and

most questions ask whether a condition

was diagnosed by a doctor or a health

professional. Reference periods for the

conditions vary. Four basic reference

periods are used: ever, past 12 months,

past 30 days, and currently.

Difficulty in physical functioning—

Refers to the degree of difficulty

respondents experienced in performing

nine physical activities without the

assistance of another person and without

using special equipment. Questions for

the sample adult regarding difficulty in

physical functioning cover the following

activities: walking a quarter of a mile

(or three city blocks); climbing 10 steps

without resting; standing for 2 hours;

sitting for 2 hours; stooping, bending, or

kneeling; reaching over one’s head;

using one’s fingers to grasp or handle

small objects; lifting or carrying a

10-pound object (such as a bag of

groceries); and pushing or pulling large

objects (such as a living room chair).

Response categories include ‘‘not at all

difficult,’’ ‘‘only a little difficult,’’

‘‘somewhat difficult,’’ ‘‘very difficult,’’

‘‘can’t do at all,’’ or ‘‘do not do this

activity.’’ Adults who indicated that the

specific activity was ‘‘very difficult’’ or

that they ‘‘can’t do (it) at all’’ were

combined in a single category as having

difficulty in physical functioning. Those

who responded ‘‘do not do this activity’’

were not included in the tables.

Doctor or other health

professional—‘‘Doctor’’ refers to

medical doctors (MDs) and osteopathic

physicians (DOs), including general

practitioners and all types of specialists

(such as surgeons, internists,

gynecologists, obstetricians,

proctologists, psychiatrists,

dermatologists, and ophthalmologists).

‘‘Other health care professional’’

includes physician assistants,

psychologists, nurses, physical

therapists, chiropractors, and others.

Health status—Obtained from a

survey question that asked respondents,

‘‘Would you say your health in general

was excellent, very good, good, fair, or

poor?’’ Information was obtained about

all respondents, with proxy responses

allowed for adults not taking part in the

interview. Prior health status is obtained

from the question asked of all sample

adults, ‘‘Compared with twelve months

ago, would you say that your health is

better, worse, or about the same?’’

Work-loss day—A day in which a

currently employed person aged 18

years or over missed more than half a

day from a job or business due to illness

or injury.

Terms Related to Sample

Adult Behavior

Alcohol drinking status—Refers to

the respondent’s alcohol drinking status

at the time of interview. Five alcohol

consumption categories are used—two

refer to current drinking, two to former

drinking, and the fifth to lifetime

abstinence:

Current regular drinker—Had 12

drinks or more in his or her lifetime

and at least 12 drinks in the past

year.

Current infrequent drinker—Had 12

drinks or more in his or her lifetime

but fewer than 12 drinks in the past

year.

Former regular drinker—Had 12

drinks or more in his or her

lifetime, and at least 12 drinks in

any 1 year, but no drinks in the past

year.

Former infrequent drinker—Had 12

drinks or more in his or her

lifetime, but never as many as 12 in

a single year, and no drinks in the

past year.

Lifetime abstainer—Had fewer than

12 drinks in his or her entire

lifetime.

In 2002, a change was made in the

calculation of the former infrequent and

current infrequent drinker categories.

Prior to 2002, these categories included

a small number of respondents who

indicated either the frequency of their

drinking but not the amount, or the

amount but not the frequency, at the
same time satisfying the broad definition

of either former or current drinker.

Persons with incomplete responses now

are categorized as ‘‘Former or Current

drinker status unknown’’ and are not

shown in the tables.

Body mass index (BMI)—Calculated

from the sample adult’s responses to

survey questions regarding height and

weight and defined as BMI = Weight (in

kg)/[Height (in m)]2

. For both sexes, the

category ‘‘Underweight’’ is defined as

BMI less than 18.5. ‘‘Healthy weight’’ is

defined as BMI greater than or equal to

18.5 and less than 25.0. ‘‘Overweight’’

is defined as BMI greater than or equal

to 25.0 and less than 30.0. ‘‘Obese’’ is

defined as BMI greater than or equal to

30.0.

Cigarette smoking status—

Information on cigarette smoking status

at the time of interview is derived from

two survey questions. All respondents

are first asked, ‘‘Have you smoked at

least 100 cigarettes in your entire life?’’

Respondents who answered ‘‘yes’’ to the

previous question are then asked, ‘‘Do

you now smoke cigarettes every day,

some days, or not at all?’’ The

information obtained from these two

questions is combined to create the

variable represented in Tables 24, 25,

and XV.

Current smoker—Two categories of

current smokers are used: One

includes persons who smoke every

day, and the second includes those

who smoke only on some days.

Former smoker—Includes persons

who have smoked at least 100

cigarettes in their lifetime but

currently do not smoke at all.

Nonsmoker—Includes persons who

have never smoked at least 100

cigarettes in their lifetime.

Human immunodeficiency virus

(HIV) testing status—Based on a survey

question that asked whether the

respondent has ever had his or her blood

tested for HIV. Starting in 2000, this

question is slightly different than the

one used in 1997–1999 that asked about

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

(AIDS) virus testing status (not HIV).

Any HIV test as part of a blood

donation is excluded.

Leisure-time physical activity—All

survey questions related to leisure-time

physical activity were phrased in terms

of current behavior and lack a specific

prior reference period. Starting with

1997 data, leisure-time physical activity

is assessed in NHIS by asking adults a

series of questions about how often they

do vigorous or light to moderate

physical activity of at least 10 minutes’

duration and how long these sessions

generally last. Starting with ‘‘Summary

Health Statistics for U.S. Adults:

National Health Interview Survey,

2010,’’ measures of physical activity

shown in this report are changed to

reflect the federal ‘‘2008 Physical

Activity Guidelines for Americans’’

(available from: http://www.health.gov/

PAGuidelines/). The 2008 federal

guidelines recommend that for

substantial health benefits, adults should

perform at least 150 minutes (2 hours

and 30 minutes) a week of moderateintensity or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15

minutes) a week of vigorous-intensity

aerobic physical activity, or an

equivalent combination. Aerobic activity

should be performed in episodes of at

least 10 minutes and, preferably, should

be spread throughout the week. The

2008 federal guidelines also recommend

that adults perform muscle-strengthening

activities of moderate or high intensity

that involve all major muscle groups on

2 or more days per week for additional

health benefits. Regarding aerobic

leisure-time physical activity, ‘‘Inactive’’

is defined as participating in no

leisure-time aerobic activity that lasted

at least 10 minutes. ‘‘Insufficiently

active’’ is defined as participating in

aerobic activities for 10 minutes or more

up to 150 minutes per week.

‘‘Sufficiently active’’ (which meets the

2008 federal guidelines) is defined as

participating in moderate-intensity

leisure-time physical activity 150

minutes or more per week or

vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical

activity 75 minutes or more per week,

or an equivalent combination. Adults

who met neither the aerobic nor

muscle-strengthening 2008 federal

guidelines may have engaged in lesser

amounts of activity. Meeting the

strengthening guidelines (only) is

defined as participating in leisure-time

Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 147

muscle-strengthening activities 2 days or

more per week and either no leisuretime aerobic activity or aerobic activity

that did not meet the guidelines.

Meeting the aerobic activity guidelines

(only) is defined as participating in

moderate-intensity leisure-time physical

activities 150 minutes or more per week

or vigorous-intensity activities 75

minutes or more per week, or an

equivalent combination, and not meeting

the strengthening guidelines. Estimates

presented in this report are limited to

leisure-time physical activity only. The

2008 federal physical activity guidelines

refer to any kind of aerobic and

muscle-strengthening activities, not just

to leisure-time aerobic and musclestrengthening activities; therefore, the

leisure-time aerobic and musclestrengthening activity estimates in this

report may underestimate the

frequencies and percentages of adults

who met the guidelines for aerobic and

muscle-strengthening activities.

Number of visits to a doctor or

other health professional in the past 12

months—The number of visits to a

doctor’s office, clinic, or other place that

the respondent has made in the past 12

months regarding his or her personal

health. Overnight hospital stays, hospital

emergency room visits, home visits, and

telephone calls are excluded.

Time since last dental contact—The

length of time since the respondent last

saw a dentist, including dental

specialists as well as dental hygienists,

prior to the week of interview.

Time since last physician or other

health care professional contact—The

length of time, prior to the week of

interview, since the respondent last

consulted a physician or other health care

professional in person or by telephone for

health treatment or advice of any type. This

may include a contact while a patient is in

the hospital as well as a contact from a

home visit. The respondent is asked:

‘‘About how long has it been since you

saw or talked to a doctor or other health

professional about your own health?’’

Response categories are: ‘‘6 months or

less,’’ ‘‘more than 6 months, but not more

than 1 year ago,’’ ‘‘more than 1 year, but

not more than 2 years ago,’’ ‘‘more than 2

years, but not more than 5 years ago,’’

‘‘more than 5 years ago,’’ and ‘‘never.’’
Page 148 [ Series 10, No. 252

Usual place of health care—Based

on a survey question that asked whether

respondents had a place they usually

went to when they were sick or needed

advice about their health. If the response

was ‘‘yes,’’ they were asked, ‘‘What

kind of place [is it/do you go to most

often]—a clinic, a doctor’s office, an

emergency room, or some other place?’’

Response choices for this second

question are: ‘‘clinic or health center,’’

‘‘doctor’s office or HMO,’’ ‘‘hospital

emergency room,’’ ‘‘hospital outpatient

department,’’ ‘‘some other place,’’ or

‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’

Although ‘‘hospital emergency room’’ is

not considered a ‘‘usual place of health

care’’ in other publications, in this report

it is combined with ‘‘hospital outpatient

clinic.’’ Also combined in this report are

‘‘some other place’’ and ‘‘doesn’t go to

one place most often.’’
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 149

Appendix III. Tables of Unadjusted (Crude) Estimates (Tables IV–XXIII)

Table IV. Crude percentages of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected circulatory diseases1

Heart disease2

Selected characteristic All types Coronary3 Hypertension4 Stroke

Percent5 (standard error)

Total6 (crude) .........................

Total6 (age-adjusted) ....................

11.8 (0.23)

11.5 (0.21)

6.7 (0.19)

6.4 (0.17)

25.9

24.7

(0.35)

(0.29)

2.7 (0.11)

2.6 (0.11)

Sex

Male. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12.4 (0.36)

11.3 (0.30)

8.0 (0.30)

5.4 (0.22)

25.3

26.4

(0.49)

(0.46)

2.7 (0.17)

2.7 (0.15)

Age

18–44 years ..........................

45–64 years ..........................

65–74 years ..........................

75 years and over ......................

4.4 (0.23)

13.2 (0.43)

24.3 (0.94)

37.1 (1.11)

1.4 (0.13)

7.3 (0.32)

16.5 (0.85)

25.8 (1.00)

9.3

34.4

54.2

57.3

(0.31)

(0.60)

(1.11)

(1.20)

0.6 (0.08)

3.0 (0.19)

6.1 (0.55)

10.7 (0.76)

Race

One race7 ...........................

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ...........

Asian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ......

Two or more races8 .....................

Black or African American, white ............

American Indian or Alaska Native, white .......

11.8 (0.23)

12.4 (0.27)

10.1 (0.51)

12.5 (2.51)

6.3 (0.71)

†

12.6 (2.09)

†

18.1 (3.76)

6.6 (0.19)

6.9 (0.21)

5.7 (0.40)

5.8 (1.65)

4.1 (0.59)

†

8.0 (1.61)

†

13.0 (3.23)

25.9 (0.35)

25.4 (0.39)

32.3 (0.89)

26.9 (3.76)

18.4 (1.14)

*28.4 (10.88)

21.5 (2.44)

*9.3 (2.95)

28.6 (4.05)

2.7 (0.11)

2.7 (0.13)

3.4 (0.29)

*4.0 (1.46)

1.6 (0.45)

†

*3.0 (0.97)

–

*5.2 (2.06)

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ......................

Mexican or Mexican American .............

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race ........

6.3 (0.40)

6.0 (0.51)

12.7 (0.26)

13.5 (0.31)

10.3 (0.53)

3.9 (0.32)

3.6 (0.41)

7.1 (0.21)

7.5 (0.24)

5.7 (0.41)

17.7

17.3

27.2

26.9

32.8

(0.68)

(0.90)

(0.38)

(0.44)

(0.91)

1.8 (0.21)

1.6 (0.25)

2.9 (0.13)

2.8 (0.15)

3.5 (0.30)

Education10

Less than a high school diploma .............

High school diploma or GED11...............

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher ................

18.0 (0.76)

14.3 (0.53)

12.7 (0.48)

9.9 (0.41)

11.9 (0.61)

8.9 (0.42)

7.0 (0.38)

4.8 (0.30)

36.7

33.6

29.5

21.8

(0.93)

(0.70)

(0.66)

(0.58)

5.5 (0.42)

3.8 (0.29)

2.9 (0.23)

1.5 (0.16)

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ......................

$35,000 or more .......................

$35,000–$49,999 .......................

$50,000–-$74,999 ......................

$75,000–$99,999 .......................

$100,000 or more.......................

15.2 (0.43)

9.9 (0.29)

12.3 (0.64)

10.4 (0.55)

8.7 (0.65)

8.5 (0.54)

9.6 (0.35)

5.0 (0.22)

7.2 (0.52)

5.3 (0.40)

4.3 (0.49)

3.6 (0.34)

29.7

23.7

26.0

25.5

23.3

20.7

(0.58)

(0.44)

(0.85)

(0.79)

(1.03)

(0.74)

4.4 (0.24)

1.8 (0.13)

2.7 (0.30)

2.4 (0.30)

1.7 (0.27)

0.7 (0.14)

Poverty status13

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ...........................

Not poor ............................

12.9 (0.60)

13.4 (0.57)

10.7 (0.28)

7.7 (0.52)

8.5 (0.47)

5.6 (0.22)

24.2 (0.81)

27.6 (0.82)

25.0 (0.42)

3.9 (0.35)

4.3 (0.36)

1.9 (0.13)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 150 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table IV. Crude percentages of selected circulatory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected circulatory diseases1

Heart disease2

Selected characteristic All types Coronary3 Hypertension4 Stroke

Health insurance coverage14 Percent5 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ............................

Medicaid ...........................

Other .............................

Uninsured ..........................

65 years and over:

Private ............................

Medicare and Medicaid ..................

Medicare only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other .............................

Uninsured ..........................

7.3 (0.27)

13.8 (0.85)

16.4 (1.28)

6.6 (0.44)

32.0 (1.09)

37.3 (2.63)

25.8 (1.14)

30.0 (2.71)

*16.9 (8.07)

3.0 (0.19)

7.7 (0.64)

10.3 (1.05)

3.3 (0.30)

21.4 (0.97)

28.6 (2.54)

17.6 (1.00)

23.3 (2.65)

†

19.5 (0.42)

25.6 (1.06)

40.2 (1.76)

14.5 (0.63)

55.3 (1.18)

64.5 (2.62)

54.7 (1.42)

56.9 (3.31)

41.1 (7.84)

1.1 (0.10)

4.4 (0.50)

6.0 (0.83)

1.2 (0.17)

7.1 (0.61)

12.7 (1.76)

8.6 (0.76)

10.8 (1.75)

†

Marital status

Married .............................

Widowed ............................

Divorced or separated ....................

Never married .........................

Living with a partner .....................

12.2 (0.34)

28.1 (1.06)

15.2 (0.64)

5.7 (0.39)

7.8 (0.78)

6.9 (0.27)

19.3 (0.95)

8.9 (0.52)

2.2 (0.23)

3.8 (0.52)

27.4 (0.49)

57.1 (1.22)

33.7 (0.79)

11.7 (0.48)

18.4 (1.12)

2.5 (0.15)

8.8 (0.73)

3.9 (0.33)

1.2 (0.16)

2.1 (0.39)

Place of residence15

Large MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Small MSA...........................

Not in MSA ..........................

10.3 (0.30)

12.7 (0.44)

15.0 (0.61)

5.8 (0.24)

7.0 (0.35)

8.9 (0.51)

23.8 (0.46)

26.2 (0.67)

32.2 (0.91)

2.3 (0.15)

2.6 (0.19)

4.4 (0.35)

Region

Northeast............................

Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South ..............................

West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11.7 (0.55)

12.6 (0.49)

12.6 (0.39)

9.9 (0.47)

6.7 (0.48)

6.9 (0.39)

7.4 (0.32)

5.3 (0.33)

26.4 (0.89)

26.0 (0.73)

28.4 (0.58)

21.6 (0.67)

2.3 (0.23)

3.0 (0.25)

3.0 (0.20)

2.4 (0.20)

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ..................

Hispanic or Latina, female .................

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male .................

White, single race, female ................

Black or African American, single race, male.....

Black or African American, single race, female . . .

5.8 (0.57)

6.8 (0.53)

14.5 (0.48)

12.5 (0.40)

9.6 (0.87)

10.8 (0.66)

4.0 (0.48)

3.7 (0.39)

9.3 (0.39)

5.8 (0.30)

6.1 (0.70)

5.5 (0.50)

16.3 (0.92)

19.3 (0.92)

27.3 (0.63)

26.4 (0.58)

28.2 (1.42)

36.5 (1.16)

1.5 (0.30)

2.2 (0.32)

2.9 (0.22)

2.7 (0.20)

3.4 (0.47)

3.7 (0.41)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had: hypertension (or high blood pressure), coronary heart disease, 

angina (or angina pectoris), heart attack (or myocardial infarction), any other heart condition or disease not already mentioned, or a stroke. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or any other heart condition or disease. 

3

Includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, or heart attack. 

4

Persons had to have been told on two or more different visits that they had hypertension or high blood pressure to be classified as hypertensive. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The percentages in this table are rounded. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix I), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 151

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix I).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 2.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 152 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table V. Crude percentages of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected respiratory diseases1

Asthma

Chronic

Selected characteristic Emphysema Ever had Still has Hay fever Sinusitis bronchitis

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) ..............................

Total3 (age-adjusted) .........................

1.9 (0.10)

1.8 (0.09)

12.7 (0.26)

12.7 (0.27)

8.2 (0.21)

8.2 (0.21)

7.8 (0.21)

7.6 (0.21)

13.0 (0.27)

12.7 (0.27)

4.3 (0.15)

4.2 (0.15)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.0 (0.15)

1.7 (0.13)

10.7 (0.35)

14.5 (0.38)

5.8 (0.27)

10.4 (0.32)

6.8 (0.29)

8.8 (0.29)

9.9 (0.35)

15.9 (0.38)

3.1 (0.20)

5.5 (0.23)

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

0.3 (0.06)

2.1 (0.17)

5.4 (0.50)

6.3 (0.61)

13.6 (0.38)

12.1 (0.43)

11.7 (0.72)

10.5 (0.74)

8.1 (0.30)

8.4 (0.36)

8.7 (0.62)

7.4 (0.65)

6.0 (0.27)

10.8 (0.41)

7.9 (0.63)

5.5 (0.55)

10.5 (0.35)

16.3 (0.49)

15.2 (0.75)

11.4 (0.71)

3.0 (0.19)

5.3 (0.27)

6.0 (0.49)

6.3 (0.64)

Race

One race4 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races5 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

1.9 (0.10)

2.1 (0.12)

1.0 (0.15)

†

*0.8 (0.25)

–

*3.1 (0.94)

†

*4.4 (1.67)

12.6 (0.26)

12.3 (0.29)

15.4 (0.74)

13.1 (2.56)

9.1 (0.85)

*12.7 (5.08)

20.4 (2.28)

23.9 (5.85)

21.4 (3.70)

8.1 (0.21)

7.9 (0.24)

10.6 (0.63)

11.3 (2.47)

4.9 (0.63)

†

15.6 (2.10)

17.9 (4.67)

17.1 (3.52)

7.8 (0.22)

8.1 (0.25)

6.5 (0.45)

4.8 (1.34)

6.5 (0.73)

†

10.5 (1.78)

*6.7 (2.54)

11.7 (3.20)

13.0 (0.28)

13.1 (0.31)

14.1 (0.67)

13.3 (2.70)

7.8 (0.91)

†

16.0 (2.17)

*10.0 (3.26)

22.7 (4.02)

4.3 (0.16)

4.5 (0.18)

4.0 (0.32)

*4.1 (1.46)

1.2 (0.26)

†

7.1 (1.45)

*5.1 (2.15)

8.9 (2.60)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

0.7 (0.14)

0.6 (0.14)

2.1 (0.11)

2.3 (0.14)

1.0 (0.16)

10.3 (0.56)

8.6 (0.64)

13.1 (0.30)

12.8 (0.33)

15.5 (0.76)

6.9 (0.48)

6.0 (0.55)

8.4 (0.24)

8.1 (0.27)

10.7 (0.64)

4.5 (0.34)

4.1 (0.42)

8.4 (0.24)

8.8 (0.29)

6.5 (0.46)

8.7 (0.48)

7.8 (0.60)

13.7 (0.30)

13.9 (0.36)

14.4 (0.70)

2.7 (0.30)

2.6 (0.34)

4.6 (0.17)

4.8 (0.21)

4.0 (0.32)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED8 ....................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

4.4 (0.38)

2.5 (0.24)

1.9 (0.21)

1.0 (0.15)

11.6 (0.64)

10.3 (0.46)

14.0 (0.53)

12.1 (0.49)

8.2 (0.55)

7.3 (0.41)

9.6 (0.45)

7.0 (0.36)

5.1 (0.41)

6.6 (0.37)

9.0 (0.43)

10.8 (0.46)

11.6 (0.62)

13.1 (0.52)

15.5 (0.52)

14.3 (0.53)

6.2 (0.47)

5.1 (0.32)

4.8 (0.31)

2.9 (0.25)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

3.1 (0.20)

1.2 (0.10)

2.0 (0.26)

1.3 (0.19)

1.0 (0.28)

0.6 (0.13)

14.0 (0.41)

12.3 (0.34)

12.6 (0.67)

12.0 (0.63)

11.2 (0.75)

13.1 (0.65)

9.8 (0.36)

7.6 (0.27)

8.1 (0.54)

7.6 (0.51)

6.9 (0.61)

7.6 (0.51)

6.1 (0.29)

8.8 (0.29)

7.6 (0.54)

7.3 (0.48)

8.9 (0.68)

10.8 (0.57)

12.3 (0.40)

13.5 (0.36)

13.4 (0.70)

13.5 (0.66)

11.9 (0.72)

14.4 (0.67)

6.1 (0.27)

3.4 (0.19)

3.8 (0.40)

3.5 (0.34)

3.5 (0.45)

2.8 (0.33)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

2.3 (0.28)

3.3 (0.32)

1.4 (0.11)

15.3 (0.66)

13.5 (0.64)

12.2 (0.34)

10.8 (0.57)

9.0 (0.52)

7.5 (0.27)

5.3 (0.43)

6.7 (0.49)

8.7 (0.28)

11.0 (0.59)

12.4 (0.63)

13.7 (0.35)

6.3 (0.45)

5.4 (0.40)

3.6 (0.19)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 153

Table V. Crude percentages of selected respiratory diseases among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected respiratory diseases1

Asthma

Chronic

Selected characteristic Emphysema Ever had Still has Hay fever Sinusitis bronchitis

Health insurance coverage11 Percent2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 0.7 (0.08) 12.7 (0.37) 7.6 (0.29) 9.1 (0.32) 14.1 (0.39) 3.3 (0.20)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 (0.34) 17.9 (0.95) 13.6 (0.84) 6.3 (0.68) 12.1 (0.81) 7.7 (0.61)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 (0.82) 16.5 (1.29) 12.7 (1.24) 12.2 (1.30) 18.3 (1.62) 9.7 (1.22)

Uninsured ............................... 0.9 (0.17) 10.9 (0.56) 6.6 (0.45) 4.7 (0.36) 8.4 (0.48) 3.1 (0.31)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 5.6 (0.53) 10.7 (0.70) 7.6 (0.60) 7.3 (0.62) 14.5 (0.78) 5.4 (0.52)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 9.3 (1.65) 21.2 (2.08) 17.0 (1.96) 6.2 (1.30) 18.2 (2.04) 11.9 (1.81)

Medicare only ............................ 5.1 (0.66) 9.8 (0.89) 7.2 (0.79) 6.4 (0.69) 11.1 (0.81) 5.4 (0.66)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 (1.63) 12.5 (2.06) 8.0 (1.55) 7.6 (1.74) 13.5 (2.06) 8.4 (1.76)

Uninsured ............................... † † † – *10.5 (5.01) *16.5 (8.24)

Marital status

Married .................................. 1.7 (0.14) 11.0 (0.34) 6.9 (0.27) 8.9 (0.30) 13.6 (0.40) 3.8 (0.20)

Widowed ................................. 5.5 (0.60) 12.8 (0.80) 9.3 (0.71) 6.3 (0.58) 14.7 (0.81) 8.4 (0.68)

Divorced or separated......................... 3.1 (0.32) 15.0 (0.62) 11.0 (0.54) 8.4 (0.50) 16.2 (0.67) 6.0 (0.41)

Never married.............................. 0.6 (0.11) 15.1 (0.62) 9.3 (0.52) 6.3 (0.43) 10.3 (0.50) 3.6 (0.33)

Living with a partner .......................... 1.9 (0.43) 14.1 (1.03) 8.9 (0.86) 4.8 (0.67) 10.1 (0.86) 4.2 (0.65)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 1.3 (0.12) 12.6 (0.35) 7.9 (0.28) 7.9 (0.29) 12.1 (0.34) 3.7 (0.19)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 (0.20) 13.0 (0.50) 8.4 (0.41) 8.2 (0.40) 13.4 (0.52) 4.7 (0.31)

Not in MSA ............................... 3.2 (0.30) 12.4 (0.63) 8.6 (0.54) 6.9 (0.50) 15.3 (0.80) 5.5 (0.43)

Region

Northeast ................................ 1.9 (0.24) 12.6 (0.69) 8.6 (0.58) 8.4 (0.52) 12.1 (0.66) 4.0 (0.34)

Midwest ................................. 2.4 (0.26) 12.3 (0.57) 8.2 (0.46) 7.1 (0.46) 13.1 (0.58) 4.9 (0.34)

South ................................... 2.0 (0.16) 12.2 (0.41) 7.8 (0.33) 7.3 (0.34) 16.0 (0.49) 4.9 (0.28)

West ................................... 1.2 (0.16) 13.8 (0.53) 8.4 (0.43) 9.0 (0.45) 9.0 (0.48) 3.1 (0.26)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 0.7 (0.22) 8.1 (0.78) 4.9 (0.68) 3.6 (0.46) 6.3 (0.64) 1.9 (0.43)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 0.7 (0.17) 12.6 (0.78) 9.1 (0.69) 5.4 (0.54) 11.1 (0.73) 3.6 (0.42)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 2.4 (0.21) 11.0 (0.44) 5.7 (0.32) 7.8 (0.40) 10.6 (0.45) 3.5 (0.26)

White, single race, female ..................... 2.2 (0.18) 14.5 (0.48) 10.3 (0.40) 9.7 (0.39) 17.1 (0.51) 6.1 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 1.4 (0.29) 13.0 (1.07) 7.6 (0.90) 5.3 (0.65) 11.9 (0.99) 2.6 (0.41)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 0.7 (0.17) 17.5 (0.98) 13.2 (0.87) 7.5 (0.64) 16.4 (0.92) 5.2 (0.48)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

Respondents were asked in two separate questions if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had emphysema or asthma. Respondents who had been told they had 

asthma were asked if they still had asthma. Respondents were asked in three separate questions if they had been told by a doctor or other health professional in the past 12 months that they had hay 

fever, sinusitis, or bronchitis. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The percentages in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 154 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 4.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 155

Table VI. Crude percentages of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected type of cancer1

Any Breast Cervical Prostate

Selected characteristic cancer cancer cancer cancer

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 8.5 (0.20) 1.4 (0.08) 1.2 (0.10) 2.2 (0.15)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 8.2 (0.18) 1.3 (0.07) 1.2 (0.10) 2.4 (0.15)

Sex

Male ................................... 7.6 (0.29) *0.0 (0.02) ... 2.2 (0.15)

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 (0.27) 2.6 (0.15) 1.2 (0.10) ...

Age

18–44 years ............................... 2.2 (0.15) *0.1 (0.03) 1.2 (0.15) †

45–64 years ............................... 9.9 (0.37) 1.7 (0.14) 1.4 (0.18) 1.6 (0.25)

65–74 years ............................... 20.4 (0.90) 3.8 (0.43) *0.9 (0.29) 6.9 (0.78)

75 years and over ........................... 27.2 (1.03) 5.1 (0.48) *0.8 (0.31) 16.4 (1.46)

Race

One race4 ................................ 8.5 (0.20) 1.4 (0.08) 1.2 (0.10) 2.2 (0.15)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 (0.24) 1.5 (0.09) 1.4 (0.12) 2.3 (0.18)

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 (0.33) 1.1 (0.16) 0.7 (0.18) 2.1 (0.33)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 9.1 (2.33) † † †

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 (0.44) 0.9 (0.24) *0.1 (0.07) †

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... – – – –

Two or more races5 .......................... 7.1 (1.41) *1.3 (0.55) † †

Black or African American, white ................. † † – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 12.8 (2.87) † † †

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 3.0 (0.26) 0.6 (0.12) 0.9 (0.21) *0.6 (0.19)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 (0.31) 0.6 (0.16) 0.9 (0.25) *0.4 (0.18)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 9.4 (0.23) 1.5 (0.09) 1.3 (0.11) 2.5 (0.18)

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 (0.27) 1.6 (0.10) 1.5 (0.14) 2.7 (0.21)

Black or African American, single race ............. 4.7 (0.34) 1.2 (0.16) 0.7 (0.17) 2.3 (0.35)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 8.8 (0.51) 1.5 (0.21) 1.5 (0.29) 2.4 (0.39)

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 9.8 (0.43) 1.8 (0.18) 1.5 (0.25) 2.5 (0.34)

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 (0.41) 1.6 (0.18) 1.8 (0.22) 2.6 (0.31)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 9.5 (0.43) 1.4 (0.15) 0.8 (0.16) 2.6 (0.35)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 8.8 (0.32) 1.5 (0.12) 1.5 (0.17) 2.1 (0.24)

$35,000 or more ............................ 8.1 (0.26) 1.2 (0.10) 1.2 (0.14) 2.2 (0.20)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 9.3 (0.56) 1.4 (0.23) 1.2 (0.28) 2.9 (0.43)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 7.5 (0.45) 1.4 (0.20) 1.7 (0.31) 2.0 (0.34)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 8.3 (0.64) 1.5 (0.26) *1.0 (0.29) 2.1 (0.44)

$100,000 or more .......................... 7.6 (0.48) 0.8 (0.13) 0.9 (0.23) 2.1 (0.40)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 (0.39) 0.8 (0.14) 1.0 (0.20) 0.8 (0.22)

Near poor ................................ 7.9 (0.46) 1.2 (0.17) 1.8 (0.33) 1.6 (0.28)

Not poor ................................. 8.9 (0.26) 1.4 (0.10) 1.2 (0.14) 2.5 (0.21)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 156 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table VI. Crude percentages of cancer among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected type of cancer1

Any Breast Cervical Prostate

Selected characteristic cancer cancer cancer cancer

Health insurance coverage11 Percent2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 6.0 (0.25) 0.9 (0.09) 1.2 (0.14) 0.9 (0.16)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 (0.53) 0.9 (0.20) 2.3 (0.47) †

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 (1.11) *0.9 (0.32) *1.3 (0.53) *1.0 (0.45)

Uninsured ............................... 2.8 (0.26) *0.3 (0.08) 1.2 (0.24) †

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 25.2 (0.97) 4.6 (0.46) *0.9 (0.28) 12.2 (1.17)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 18.3 (2.18) 4.3 (1.09) † *7.8 (2.60)

Medicare only ............................ 21.3 (1.16) 4.4 (0.58) *0.8 (0.32) 9.8 (1.24)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3 (2.55) *3.4 (1.19) – 10.3 (2.18)

Uninsured ............................... † – – –

Marital status

Married .................................. 9.4 (0.30) 1.3 (0.11) 1.1 (0.14) 3.0 (0.24)

Widowed ................................. 19.8 (0.84) 5.7 (0.54) 1.4 (0.33) 8.8 (1.29)

Divorced or separated......................... 11.1 (0.58) 2.2 (0.28) 2.2 (0.36) 1.4 (0.29)

Never married.............................. 2.8 (0.23) 0.3 (0.06) 0.9 (0.18) *0.3 (0.11)

Living with a partner .......................... 4.9 (0.62) *0.5 (0.22) *1.3 (0.40) *0.7 (0.35)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 7.8 (0.27) 1.4 (0.11) 1.1 (0.14) 2.2 (0.21)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 (0.36) 1.2 (0.12) 1.2 (0.18) 2.4 (0.27)

Not in MSA ............................... 10.1 (0.57) 1.5 (0.18) 1.7 (0.28) 2.1 (0.37)

Region

Northeast ................................ 8.5 (0.48) 1.5 (0.17) 1.0 (0.21) 2.3 (0.38)

Midwest ................................. 9.1 (0.46) 1.3 (0.16) 1.4 (0.22) 2.5 (0.33)

South ................................... 8.9 (0.33) 1.4 (0.13) 1.4 (0.20) 2.2 (0.24)

West ................................... 7.3 (0.39) 1.4 (0.16) 1.0 (0.16) 1.8 (0.29)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 1.9 (0.31) – . . . *0.6 (0.19)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 4.1 (0.41) 1.3 (0.25) 0.9 (0.21) . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 9.9 (0.41) *0.1 (0.02) . . . 2.7 (0.21)

White, single race, female ..................... 11.3 (0.37) 3.1 (0.19) 1.5 (0.14) . . .

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 4.1 (0.50) – . . . 2.3 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 5.2 (0.48) 2.1 (0.29) 0.7 (0.17) . . .

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

. . . Category not applicable. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

Respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had a cancer or a malignancy of any kind. They were then asked to name the kind of cancer

they had. A person may be represented in more than one column.

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Further, the denominators for calculating cervical cancer and prostate cancer

percentages are sex-specific, and the denominators for calculating breast cancer percentages encompass all adults. The percentages in this table are rounded.

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group.

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 157

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 6.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 158 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table VII. Crude percentages of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Selected diseases and conditions

Selected characteristic Diabetes1 Ulcers1

Kidney

disease2

Liver

disease2

Arthritis

diagnosis3

Chronic

joint symptoms3

Percent4 (standard error)

Total5 (crude) ..............................

Total5 (age-adjusted) .........................

9.3 (0.20)

8.8 (0.19)

6.5 (0.18)

6.4 (0.18)

1.7 (0.08)

1.7 (0.08)

1.4 (0.08)

1.4 (0.08)

22.7 (0.33)

21.6 (0.28)

29.2 (0.36)

28.2 (0.33)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9.9 (0.32)

8.7 (0.27)

6.0 (0.26)

7.0 (0.24)

1.6 (0.12)

1.8 (0.12)

1.6 (0.14)

1.3 (0.10)

19.1 (0.47)

26.0 (0.45)

27.2 (0.51)

31.1 (0.49)

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

2.8 (0.17)

12.3 (0.39)

22.0 (0.93)

21.7 (0.97)

4.2 (0.22)

8.0 (0.32)

10.5 (0.71)

10.0 (0.74)

0.7 (0.09)

2.0 (0.16)

3.5 (0.38)

4.7 (0.47)

0.9 (0.10)

2.3 (0.18)

1.5 (0.24)

1.0 (0.21)

7.1 (0.28)

30.3 (0.59)

49.0 (1.07)

54.1 (1.16)

17.0 (0.42)

38.4 (0.65)

45.0 (1.09)

45.3 (1.20)

Race

One race6 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races7 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

9.2 (0.20)

8.8 (0.23)

11.9 (0.52)

15.5 (3.35)

8.2 (0.80)

†

10.6 (1.73)

†

19.0 (3.60)

6.5 (0.18)

6.7 (0.21)

5.8 (0.41)

9.5 (2.24)

4.1 (0.53)

†

9.1 (1.85)

†

16.1 (3.85)

1.7 (0.08)

1.7 (0.09)

2.5 (0.28)

*1.3 (0.61)

0.8 (0.18)

–

*0.8 (0.40)

–

†

1.4 (0.09)

1.4 (0.10)

1.5 (0.23)

*2.6 (0.86)

1.6 (0.33)

–

†

†

–

22.6 (0.34)

23.6 (0.38)

21.1 (0.75)

23.9 (4.56)

10.7 (0.86)

*10.8 (4.44)

23.4 (2.47)

*13.1 (4.83)

33.0 (4.38)

29.1 (0.36)

30.3 (0.41)

26.5 (0.90)

33.3 (4.81)

15.5 (1.13)

*13.5 (4.87)

36.3 (2.86)

25.5 (5.62)

45.9 (4.84)

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

10.0 (0.50)

10.1 (0.66)

9.1 (0.22)

8.6 (0.25)

12.0 (0.53)

4.7 (0.36)

4.6 (0.45)

6.8 (0.20)

7.1 (0.24)

5.8 (0.42)

1.7 (0.20)

1.9 (0.28)

1.7 (0.09)

1.6 (0.11)

2.6 (0.29)

1.8 (0.23)

1.7 (0.28)

1.4 (0.09)

1.4 (0.11)

1.4 (0.22)

11.8 (0.51)

10.7 (0.63)

24.4 (0.37)

25.8 (0.43)

21.3 (0.77)

18.8 (0.68)

18.3 (0.87)

30.9 (0.39)

32.6 (0.45)

26.6 (0.90)

Education9

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED10 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

17.4 (0.70)

11.7 (0.46)

10.3 (0.42)

6.6 (0.36)

10.6 (0.61)

7.6 (0.40)

8.0 (0.39)

4.5 (0.30)

3.5 (0.31)

2.0 (0.18)

2.1 (0.20)

0.9 (0.12)

2.2 (0.25)

1.7 (0.19)

1.6 (0.17)

1.1 (0.15)

29.7 (0.89)

29.4 (0.69)

27.7 (0.65)

18.9 (0.57)

33.9 (0.92)

35.3 (0.77)

35.1 (0.69)

24.7 (0.61)

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

11.9 (0.37)

7.8 (0.25)

10.0 (0.58)

8.9 (0.47)

7.4 (0.64)

5.5 (0.42)

8.5 (0.33)

5.7 (0.21)

7.1 (0.50)

6.3 (0.42)

5.0 (0.49)

4.6 (0.39)

2.8 (0.18)

1.2 (0.10)

2.0 (0.26)

1.2 (0.17)

1.4 (0.25)

0.4 (0.12)

1.9 (0.15)

1.3 (0.11)

1.5 (0.23)

1.0 (0.18)

1.4 (0.25)

1.3 (0.24)

26.4 (0.58)

20.5 (0.42)

23.1 (0.87)

22.5 (0.78)

18.7 (0.90)

17.9 (0.69)

32.5 (0.59)

27.6 (0.47)

30.9 (0.92)

28.1 (0.82)

27.2 (1.08)

25.1 (0.82)

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

10.1 (0.53)

11.3 (0.55)

8.2 (0.25)

7.6 (0.49)

8.1 (0.48)

5.9 (0.22)

3.3 (0.32)

2.1 (0.23)

1.3 (0.10)

2.2 (0.25)

1.7 (0.21)

1.3 (0.11)

21.6 (0.87)

24.1 (0.76)

21.9 (0.40)

29.3 (0.89)

31.2 (0.87)

28.7 (0.44)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 159

Table VII. Crude percentages of selected diseases and conditions among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Selected diseases and conditions

Kidney Liver Arthritis Chronic

Selected characteristic Diabetes1 Ulcers1 disease2 disease2 diagnosis3 joint symptoms3

Health insurance coverage13 Percent4 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 6.0 (0.24) 5.2 (0.22) 0.7 (0.08) 1.2 (0.12) 16.9 (0.40) 25.9 (0.50)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 (0.77) 9.3 (0.73) 3.7 (0.47) 3.4 (0.44) 22.1 (1.07) 28.4 (1.18)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 (1.31) 10.4 (1.08) 3.6 (0.65) 4.3 (0.76) 36.9 (1.82) 43.6 (1.95)

Uninsured ............................... 5.0 (0.37) 5.1 (0.38) 1.3 (0.18) 1.0 (0.15) 10.6 (0.58) 22.0 (0.73)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 20.2 (0.92) 9.9 (0.70) 3.3 (0.36) 0.9 (0.21) 52.9 (1.15) 45.2 (1.12)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 28.8 (2.33) 15.2 (1.99) 10.3 (1.53) 3.4 (1.01) 58.2 (2.62) 51.1 (2.58)

Medicare only ............................ 22.5 (1.26) 9.3 (0.82) 3.8 (0.50) 1.0 (0.25) 48.0 (1.30) 44.8 (1.45)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.4 (2.78) 14.9 (2.37) 5.1 (1.42) *2.3 (0.87) 52.3 (3.34) 44.3 (3.48)

Uninsured ............................... *9.7 (3.97) † † † 23.1 (6.25) 22.1 (6.27)

Marital status

Married .................................. 10.0 (0.31) 6.6 (0.27) 1.5 (0.11) 1.3 (0.12) 24.2 (0.47) 30.2 (0.53)

Widowed ................................. 20.5 (0.94) 11.5 (0.76) 4.1 (0.43) 1.4 (0.24) 51.9 (1.19) 46.3 (1.22)

Divorced or separated......................... 12.5 (0.57) 9.9 (0.51) 2.6 (0.29) 2.3 (0.25) 30.7 (0.85) 37.7 (0.90)

Never married.............................. 3.9 (0.28) 3.4 (0.27) 1.2 (0.17) 1.2 (0.18) 8.8 (0.40) 18.2 (0.66)

Living with a partner .......................... 5.2 (0.60) 6.0 (0.67) 1.6 (0.32) 1.6 (0.36) 15.6 (1.02) 27.3 (1.25)

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 8.5 (0.28) 5.6 (0.23) 1.5 (0.11) 1.5 (0.12) 20.1 (0.45) 26.0 (0.49)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 (0.37) 6.6 (0.33) 1.8 (0.16) 1.2 (0.12) 23.5 (0.64) 31.0 (0.67)

Not in MSA ............................... 12.2 (0.53) 9.4 (0.52) 2.5 (0.24) 1.8 (0.23) 29.4 (0.83) 36.5 (0.98)

Region

Northeast ................................ 7.8 (0.49) 4.7 (0.38) 1.4 (0.19) 1.3 (0.21) 22.4 (0.79) 26.8 (0.91)

Midwest ................................. 9.3 (0.42) 7.6 (0.40) 1.7 (0.17) 1.4 (0.18) 26.1 (0.79) 33.3 (0.79)

South ................................... 10.5 (0.35) 6.9 (0.30) 2.0 (0.16) 1.4 (0.14) 23.1 (0.51) 29.7 (0.56)

West ................................... 8.3 (0.39) 6.3 (0.39) 1.4 (0.14) 1.6 (0.18) 18.7 (0.65) 26.4 (0.74)

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 9.0 (0.68) 3.9 (0.48) 1.4 (0.26) 1.8 (0.37) 8.3 (0.68) 16.2 (0.97)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 11.1 (0.70) 5.5 (0.55) 2.0 (0.30) 1.8 (0.28) 15.5 (0.75) 21.6 (0.92)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 9.7 (0.41) 6.6 (0.35) 1.6 (0.15) 1.5 (0.17) 22.6 (0.63) 31.5 (0.65)

White, single race, female ..................... 7.6 (0.33) 7.6 (0.32) 1.7 (0.16) 1.3 (0.13) 28.9 (0.59) 33.6 (0.63)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 12.2 (0.83) 5.6 (0.67) 2.7 (0.46) 1.6 (0.38) 15.1 (0.90) 20.6 (1.23)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 11.8 (0.71) 5.9 (0.54) 2.4 (0.34) 1.1 (0.25) 26.3 (1.10) 31.5 (1.15)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had: an ulcer (including a stomach, duodenal, or peptic ulcer) or diabetes 

(or sugar diabetes; female respondents were instructed to exclude pregnancy-related diabetes). Responses from persons who said they had ‘‘borderline’’ diabetes were treated as unknown with 

respect to diabetes. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

In separate questions, respondents were asked if they had been told in the last 12 months by a doctor or other health professional that they had: weak or failing kidneys (excluding kidney stones, 

bladder infections, or incontinence) or any kind of liver condition. 

3

Respondents were asked if they had ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that they had some form of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia. Those who answered 

yes were classified as having an arthritis diagnosis. Respondents were also asked: ‘‘During the past 30 days, have you had pain, aching, or stiffness in or around a joint?’’ (excluding back and neck) 

and, if yes, ‘‘Did your joint symptoms first begin more than 3 months ago?’’ Respondents with symptoms that began more than 3 months ago were classified in this table as having chronic joint 

symptoms. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages in this table are rounded. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. Estimates are age adjusted to the projected 2000 U.S. standard population using four age groups: 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and 75 

years and over. 

10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 
Page 160 [ Series 10, No. 252

11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be

comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 8.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 161

Table VIII. Crude percentages of migraines and pain in the neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected characteristic

Migraines or

severe

headaches1

Pain

in neck2

Pain in

lower back3

Pain in

face or

jaw4

Percent5 (standard error)

Total6 (crude) ..............................

Total6 (age-adjusted) .........................

16.4 (0.27)

16.6 (0.28)

15.8 (0.28)

15.4 (0.27)

28.8 (0.37)

28.5 (0.36)

5.0 (0.17)

4.9 (0.17)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11.0 (0.36)

21.4 (0.40)

13.4 (0.38)

18.0 (0.40)

26.7 (0.51)

30.8 (0.48)

3.4 (0.21)

6.5 (0.25)

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

20.4 (0.45)

15.6 (0.44)

7.4 (0.58)

5.1 (0.52)

13.1 (0.37)

20.0 (0.51)

15.5 (0.81)

14.0 (0.77)

25.2 (0.49)

32.4 (0.61)

32.5 (1.02)

30.9 (1.07)

4.9 (0.25)

6.0 (0.31)

3.4 (0.40)

2.9 (0.34)

Race

One race7 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races8 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

16.3 (0.28)

16.3 (0.31)

18.6 (0.76)

19.7 (3.01)

10.4 (0.94)

*12.2 (5.08)

22.4 (2.33)

20.2 (4.47)

30.8 (4.31)

15.7 (0.28)

16.4 (0.32)

13.4 (0.58)

17.0 (2.89)

9.6 (0.85)

†

20.1 (1.90)

12.6 (3.26)

28.2 (3.34)

28.8 (0.37)

29.6 (0.42)

27.1 (0.82)

30.2 (3.44)

18.5 (1.11)

*19.5 (8.21)

33.2 (2.68)

26.3 (4.78)

41.8 (4.50)

5.0 (0.17)

5.3 (0.20)

3.8 (0.32)

5.7 (1.54)

2.7 (0.49)

–

5.1 (1.07)

*4.7 (1.96)

*5.4 (1.85)

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

17.1 (0.65)

16.6 (0.80)

16.2 (0.30)

16.1 (0.34)

18.8 (0.77)

14.3 (0.63)

13.8 (0.82)

16.0 (0.30)

16.8 (0.36)

13.4 (0.58)

26.3 (0.77)

25.2 (0.98)

29.2 (0.40)

30.3 (0.47)

27.1 (0.84)

4.4 (0.35)

4.4 (0.46)

5.1 (0.19)

5.5 (0.22)

3.8 (0.33)

Education10

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED11 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

17.1 (0.73)

16.3 (0.57)

18.0 (0.56)

13.0 (0.48)

19.4 (0.79)

17.0 (0.53)

19.6 (0.58)

13.1 (0.48)

35.1 (0.95)

32.4 (0.73)

33.3 (0.70)

23.3 (0.61)

5.4 (0.45)

4.7 (0.31)

6.0 (0.35)

4.0 (0.28)

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

19.6 (0.50)

15.0 (0.36)

16.9 (0.77)

15.9 (0.66)

13.5 (0.79)

13.8 (0.64)

19.0 (0.51)

14.4 (0.33)

16.9 (0.73)

14.3 (0.67)

13.2 (0.77)

13.5 (0.63)

33.9 (0.65)

26.4 (0.44)

30.3 (0.88)

27.4 (0.79)

25.6 (1.01)

23.2 (0.76)

6.4 (0.29)

4.4 (0.21)

5.5 (0.47)

4.3 (0.38)

3.7 (0.41)

4.2 (0.36)

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

23.9 (0.80)

19.6 (0.75)

14.5 (0.33)

19.8 (0.81)

18.4 (0.69)

14.7 (0.33)

34.2 (0.95)

32.7 (0.83)

26.7 (0.43)

7.9 (0.52)

5.9 (0.44)

4.4 (0.20)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 162 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table VIII. Crude percentages of migraines and pain in the neck, lower back, face, or jaw among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Migraines or Pain in

severe Pain Pain in face or

Selected characteristic headaches1 in neck2 lower back3 jaw4

Health insurance coverage14 Percent5 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 16.1 (0.39) 14.9 (0.38) 26.0 (0.46) 4.8 (0.22)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 (1.13) 20.5 (1.08) 37.7 (1.23) 8.1 (0.67)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 (1.66) 26.0 (1.61) 41.7 (1.86) 8.7 (1.04)

Uninsured ............................... 19.6 (0.67) 15.2 (0.63) 28.1 (0.83) 5.3 (0.41)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 5.8 (0.57) 13.7 (0.76) 32.3 (1.09) 3.3 (0.38)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 12.3 (1.66) 25.7 (2.35) 38.4 (2.52) 6.6 (1.23)

Medicare only ............................ 6.4 (0.69) 14.3 (0.97) 29.6 (1.25) 2.5 (0.39)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 (1.17) 16.2 (2.55) 33.4 (3.17) *2.4 (0.81)

Uninsured ............................... † † 23.4 (6.78) –

Marital status

Married .................................. 15.0 (0.38) 15.9 (0.39) 29.2 (0.50) 4.8 (0.23)

Widowed ................................. 9.4 (0.74) 17.3 (0.92) 32.9 (1.17) 4.0 (0.41)

Divorced or separated......................... 19.5 (0.71) 21.4 (0.76) 35.5 (0.88) 6.5 (0.46)

Never married.............................. 18.3 (0.69) 11.8 (0.52) 22.5 (0.68) 4.6 (0.37)

Living with a partner .......................... 22.1 (1.21) 16.6 (1.05) 31.3 (1.39) 6.0 (0.69)

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 15.3 (0.38) 14.6 (0.37) 26.4 (0.50) 4.4 (0.22)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5 (0.48) 16.3 (0.51) 29.9 (0.64) 5.4 (0.32)

Not in MSA ............................... 17.7 (0.68) 18.8 (0.75) 34.6 (0.94) 6.0 (0.50)

Region

Northeast ................................ 14.7 (0.70) 15.1 (0.71) 28.6 (0.83) 4.0 (0.37)

Midwest ................................. 16.5 (0.62) 16.3 (0.55) 28.5 (0.83) 5.3 (0.39)

South ................................... 17.9 (0.44) 15.1 (0.47) 28.7 (0.58) 5.2 (0.28)

West ................................... 15.2 (0.52) 16.8 (0.54) 29.5 (0.78) 5.1 (0.34)

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 9.7 (0.73) 10.4 (0.82) 23.3 (1.13) 3.0 (0.47)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 24.9 (1.01) 18.5 (0.93) 29.4 (1.04) 5.8 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 11.3 (0.46) 14.9 (0.50) 28.9 (0.66) 3.7 (0.27)

White, single race, female ..................... 20.6 (0.52) 18.7 (0.52) 31.6 (0.62) 7.1 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 12.2 (1.00) 9.8 (0.77) 21.9 (1.19) 2.5 (0.41)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 24.0 (1.03) 16.3 (0.88) 31.4 (1.10) 4.9 (0.51)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have a severe headache or migraine?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and 

conversely, not to report fleeting or minor aches or pains. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

2

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have neck pain?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report 

fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

3

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have low back pain?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report 

fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

4

Respondents were asked, ‘‘During the past three months, did you have facial ache or pain in the jaw muscles or the joint in front of the ear?’’ Respondents were instructed to report pain that had 

lasted a whole day or more, and conversely, not to report fleeting or minor aches or pains. Persons may be represented in more than one column. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The percentages in this table are rounded. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘one race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 163

13Based on family income and family size using the Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 10.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 164 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table IX. Crude percentages of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected sensory problems

Selected characteristic

Hearing

trouble1

Vision

trouble2

Absence of

all natural

teeth3

Percent4 (standard error)

Total5 (crude) ..............................

Total5 (age-adjusted) .........................

16.2 (0.29)

15.7 (0.26)

9.4 (0.22)

9.1 (0.22)

7.6 (0.20)

7.5 (0.19)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19.0 (0.44)

13.5 (0.35)

8.0 (0.29)

10.7 (0.32)

7.1 (0.28)

8.1 (0.28)

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

6.7 (0.29)

18.9 (0.53)

31.2 (1.03)

45.2 (1.12)

6.2 (0.26)

11.6 (0.41)

12.2 (0.72)

16.1 (0.88)

2.1 (0.17)

7.3 (0.31)

19.3 (0.90)

30.5 (1.14)

Race

One race6 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races7 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

16.1 (0.30)

17.7 (0.34)

9.5 (0.48)

19.5 (3.96)

6.9 (0.70)

†

20.2 (2.35)

*11.6 (3.50)

28.9 (4.03)

9.4 (0.23)

9.2 (0.26)

11.8 (0.61)

13.5 (2.54)

5.0 (0.61)

†

10.9 (1.59)

*9.1 (3.39)

13.2 (2.72)

7.7 (0.20)

7.9 (0.23)

7.7 (0.43)

6.2 (1.71)

4.6 (0.60)

†

5.4 (1.31)

†

9.0 (2.66)

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

8.4 (0.49)

8.5 (0.64)

17.4 (0.32)

19.4 (0.38)

9.6 (0.49)

8.0 (0.46)

7.6 (0.60)

9.6 (0.25)

9.5 (0.29)

11.9 (0.62)

4.7 (0.33)

3.3 (0.38)

8.1 (0.23)

8.5 (0.27)

7.7 (0.44)

Education9

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED10 ...................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

23.6 (0.86)

19.9 (0.62)

18.2 (0.57)

12.9 (0.51)

15.3 (0.71)

11.1 (0.46)

10.2 (0.46)

6.1 (0.35)

19.7 (0.75)

10.9 (0.47)

6.6 (0.36)

3.2 (0.24)

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

19.0 (0.50)

14.5 (0.35)

17.2 (0.71)

15.5 (0.67)

14.0 (0.85)

12.2 (0.63)

13.5 (0.44)

7.4 (0.26)

10.8 (0.63)

8.1 (0.49)

5.8 (0.53)

5.4 (0.40)

12.5 (0.38)

5.0 (0.23)

8.5 (0.55)

5.6 (0.42)

4.1 (0.48)

2.4 (0.30)

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ................................

Not poor .................................

14.6 (0.65)

18.0 (0.70)

15.4 (0.35)

13.9 (0.65)

12.4 (0.62)

7.7 (0.25)

10.6 (0.57)

11.4 (0.56)

5.4 (0.23)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 165

Table IX. Crude percentages of hearing trouble, vision trouble, and absence of teeth among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected sensory problems

Absence of

Hearing Vision all natural

Selected characteristic trouble1 trouble2 teeth3

Health insurance coverage13 Percent4 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 11.3 (0.35) 6.8 (0.27) 3.1 (0.20)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 (0.88) 14.6 (0.93) 8.6 (0.66)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 (1.68) 14.4 (1.32) 12.4 (1.22)

Uninsured ............................... 10.9 (0.56) 9.8 (0.50) 4.4 (0.36)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 38.7 (1.15) 12.9 (0.79) 20.7 (0.92)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 35.5 (2.51) 26.7 (2.35) 43.5 (2.58)

Medicare only ............................ 35.7 (1.33) 12.7 (0.91) 25.4 (1.24)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.6 (3.06) 14.8 (2.21) 27.9 (3.09)

Uninsured ............................... *16.5 (5.15) *12.5 (5.11) 23.3 (6.23)

Marital status

Married .................................. 16.9 (0.41) 8.3 (0.31) 6.8 (0.28)

Widowed ................................. 36.7 (1.14) 17.6 (0.91) 29.0 (1.10)

Divorced or separated......................... 19.9 (0.72) 13.8 (0.64) 10.2 (0.61)

Never married.............................. 7.6 (0.43) 7.6 (0.41) 3.3 (0.28)

Living with a partner .......................... 13.2 (0.97) 9.5 (0.83) 4.9 (0.60)

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 13.5 (0.37) 8.0 (0.28) 6.1 (0.26)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.4 (0.54) 10.1 (0.39) 8.0 (0.38)

Not in MSA ............................... 22.8 (0.93) 12.5 (0.73) 11.9 (0.56)

Region

Northeast ................................ 15.2 (0.70) 8.1 (0.54) 7.3 (0.47)

Midwest ................................. 18.2 (0.64) 9.3 (0.45) 8.9 (0.48)

South ................................... 16.6 (0.49) 10.9 (0.41) 8.0 (0.32)

West ................................... 14.3 (0.58) 8.0 (0.41) 6.1 (0.39)

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 9.3 (0.75) 6.9 (0.59) 3.9 (0.44)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 7.6 (0.60) 9.2 (0.68) 5.6 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 23.3 (0.58) 7.9 (0.38) 8.2 (0.37)

White, single race, female ..................... 15.7 (0.47) 11.0 (0.42) 8.8 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 9.8 (0.75) 11.0 (0.91) 6.7 (0.62)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 9.4 (0.68) 12.7 (0.79) 8.5 (0.63)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision. 

1

Respondents were asked, ‘‘These next questions are about your hearing WITHOUT the use of hearing aids or other listening devices. Is your hearing excellent, good, [do you have] a little trouble 

hearing, moderate trouble, a lot of trouble, or are you deaf?’’ For this table, ‘‘a little trouble hearing,’’ ‘‘moderate trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf’’ are combined into one category. Data analysts 

should note that this question contains more response levels than the 2006 version, which had the following categories: ‘‘good,’’ ‘‘a little trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf.’’ In 2006, hearing trouble 

was defined by the following categories: ‘‘a little trouble,’’ ‘‘a lot of trouble,’’ and ‘‘deaf.’’ Estimates of hearing trouble for 2007 may not be comparable with earlier years. A person may be represented in 

more than one column. 

2

Regarding their vision, respondents were asked, ‘‘Do you have any trouble seeing, even when wearing glasses or contact lenses?’’ Respondents were also asked, ‘‘Are you blind or unable to see at 

all?’’ For this table, ‘‘any trouble seeing’’ and ‘‘blind’’ are combined into one category. A person may be represented in more than one column. 

3

Respondents were asked, ‘‘Have you lost all of your upper and lower natural (permanent) teeth?’’ A person may be represented in more than one column. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The percentages in this table are rounded. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 166 [ Series 10, No. 252

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 12.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 167

Table X. Crude percentages of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons aged 18

years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Selected mental health characteristics1

Sadness Hopelessness Worthlessness Everything is an effort

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude).......................

Total3 (age-adjusted) ..................

3.2 (0.13)

3.2 (0.13)

8.8 (0.21)

8.8 (0.21)

2.2 (0.11)

2.2 (0.10)

4.6 (0.15)

4.6 (0.15)

1.8 (0.10)

1.8 (0.10)

3.5 (0.14)

3.5 (0.14)

6.3 (0.18)

6.3 (0.18)

9.6 (0.22)

9.6 (0.23)

Sex

Male ............................

Female. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.7 (0.18)

3.7 (0.18)

7.2 (0.29)

10.4 (0.30)

2.0 (0.16)

2.4 (0.14)

3.8 (0.20)

5.4 (0.22)

1.6 (0.14)

2.0 (0.13)

2.9 (0.19)

4.1 (0.19)

5.7 (0.25)

6.8 (0.24)

8.6 (0.32)

10.5 (0.30)

Age

18–44 years........................

45–64 years........................

65–74 years........................

75 years and over ....................

2.9 (0.18)

3.9 (0.23)

2.5 (0.31)

3.0 (0.38)

8.0 (0.29)

9.6 (0.37)

9.6 (0.65)

9.6 (0.67)

2.0 (0.14)

2.9 (0.21)

1.5 (0.23)

1.2 (0.22)

4.5 (0.21)

5.3 (0.29)

3.7 (0.37)

3.4 (0.41)

1.6 (0.13)

2.3 (0.18)

1.5 (0.23)

1.6 (0.29)

3.2 (0.18)

4.2 (0.26)

2.8 (0.34)

3.1 (0.39)

6.3 (0.26)

6.7 (0.31)

4.6 (0.47)

6.2 (0.61)

10.1 (0.33)

9.6 (0.39)

7.7 (0.57)

8.2 (0.65)

Race

One race4 .........................

White ..........................

Black or African American ..............

American Indian or Alaska Native .........

Asian ..........................

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ....

Two or more races5 ...................

Black or African American, white..........

American Indian or Alaska Native, white .....

3.2 (0.13)

3.1 (0.15)

4.4 (0.35)

*2.7 (1.00)

1.9 (0.36)

†

5.3 (1.14)

*3.9 (1.56)

*5.2 (1.91)

8.8 (0.21)

8.4 (0.24)

11.9 (0.61)

11.9 (2.91)

7.5 (0.75)

†

13.3 (2.00)

19.2 (5.45)

12.5 (2.88)

2.2 (0.11)

2.2 (0.12)

2.5 (0.27)

*2.0 (0.87)

1.3 (0.30)

–

4.3 (1.10)

†

*3.3 (1.47)

4.6 (0.16)

4.5 (0.17)

5.5 (0.39)

7.2 (1.82)

3.7 (0.50)

†

6.1 (1.53)

†

*8.4 (2.61)

1.8 (0.10)

1.8 (0.11)

2.2 (0.26)

*2.9 (1.26)

0.7 (0.20)

–

*3.5 (1.08)

†

*3.9 (1.91)

3.5 (0.14)

3.4 (0.16)

4.0 (0.38)

*3.6 (1.13)

2.5 (0.41)

†

5.9 (1.23)

*5.8 (2.53)

*6.7 (2.22)

6.2 (0.18)

5.7 (0.20)

10.1 (0.54)

11.3 (2.70)

3.9 (0.56)

†

13.5 (1.95)

*14.0 (4.29)

14.0 (3.41)

9.5 (0.22)

9.3 (0.25)

11.5 (0.56)

11.9 (2.59)

7.8 (0.76)

†

14.6 (2.24)

*8.0 (3.16)

15.8 (3.66)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ....................

Mexican or Mexican American ...........

Not Hispanic or Latino .................

White, single race. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race ......

4.2 (0.34)

3.8 (0.43)

3.1 (0.14)

2.9 (0.16)

4.3 (0.35)

10.2 (0.51)

9.5 (0.61)

8.6 (0.23)

8.0 (0.27)

12.1 (0.63)

3.0 (0.29)

2.5 (0.35)

2.1 (0.11)

2.0 (0.14)

2.5 (0.28)

5.6 (0.37)

5.7 (0.47)

4.5 (0.17)

4.3 (0.19)

5.5 (0.41)

2.1 (0.24)

1.9 (0.29)

1.8 (0.11)

1.8 (0.12)

2.2 (0.27)

3.6 (0.30)

3.3 (0.37)

3.5 (0.15)

3.4 (0.18)

4.1 (0.39)

6.5 (0.44)

5.8 (0.53)

6.2 (0.20)

5.6 (0.22)

10.1 (0.56)

8.7 (0.49)

8.4 (0.60)

9.7 (0.25)

9.4 (0.28)

11.7 (0.58)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma ...........

High school diploma or GED8 .............

Some college .......................

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..............

6.7 (0.49)

4.2 (0.28)

3.2 (0.25)

1.4 (0.15)

14.6 (0.68)

11.0 (0.48)

8.8 (0.40)

4.7 (0.30)

4.4 (0.39)

2.4 (0.22)

2.7 (0.23)

1.0 (0.15)

7.6 (0.51)

5.9 (0.35)

4.4 (0.29)

2.6 (0.23)

3.4 (0.35)

2.4 (0.22)

2.1 (0.20)

0.6 (0.11)

6.7 (0.52)

4.0 (0.29)

3.8 (0.27)

1.8 (0.19)

10.7 (0.63)

7.8 (0.40)

6.4 (0.34)

2.6 (0.21)

11.8 (0.60)

10.1 (0.45)

10.0 (0.44)

7.5 (0.37)

Family income9

Less than $35,000....................

$35,000 or more .....................

$35,000–$49,999 ...................

$50,000–$74,999 ...................

$75,000–$99,999 ...................

$100,000 or more ...................

6.0 (0.29)

1.9 (0.13)

2.8 (0.32)

2.2 (0.26)

1.5 (0.29)

1.1 (0.21)

13.9 (0.42)

6.5 (0.25)

9.5 (0.58)

7.4 (0.51)

5.9 (0.55)

3.8 (0.37)

4.2 (0.24)

1.2 (0.10)

1.9 (0.26)

1.4 (0.21)

0.6 (0.16)

0.9 (0.19)

7.0 (0.31)

3.5 (0.19)

4.9 (0.42)

4.1 (0.37)

3.6 (0.45)

2.1 (0.28)

3.6 (0.22)

1.0 (0.10)

1.7 (0.25)

1.2 (0.20)

0.7 (0.18)

0.5 (0.14)

5.5 (0.29)

2.6 (0.15)

3.6 (0.34)

2.8 (0.30)

2.7 (0.39)

1.7 (0.24)

10.8 (0.39)

4.1 (0.19)

6.6 (0.48)

4.5 (0.39)

3.3 (0.43)

2.4 (0.30)

12.1 (0.39)

8.4 (0.28)

9.2 (0.57)

8.8 (0.52)

9.3 (0.66)

7.1 (0.48)

Poverty status10

Poor ............................

Near poor .........................

Not poor ..........................

7.9 (0.50)

4.5 (0.37)

1.9 (0.13)

15.9 (0.69)

12.0 (0.57)

6.5 (0.23)

5.6 (0.43)

3.2 (0.29)

1.4 (0.11)

8.8 (0.53)

6.7 (0.47)

3.4 (0.18)

4.6 (0.39)

2.6 (0.26)

1.2 (0.10)

6.4 (0.49)

5.3 (0.41)

2.5 (0.15)

13.2 (0.66)

9.1 (0.51)

4.2 (0.18)

13.6 (0.60)

11.7 (0.57)

8.4 (0.27)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 168 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table X. Crude percentages of feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, or that everything is an effort among persons aged 18

years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Selected mental health characteristics1

Sadness Hopelessness Worthlessness Everything is an effort

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Health insurance coverage11 Percent2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Medicaid ........................

Other ..........................

Uninsured........................

1.8 (0.13)

7.9 (0.65)

7.4 (1.00)

5.1 (0.38)

6.2 (0.25)

17.1 (0.91)

14.9 (1.31)

11.2 (0.53)

1.2 (0.11)

5.7 (0.56)

5.5 (0.84)

4.0 (0.35)

3.2 (0.18)

9.3 (0.70)

9.2 (1.00)

7.0 (0.44)

1.0 (0.10)

4.9 (0.51)

5.4 (0.84)

2.6 (0.28)

2.4 (0.15)

7.1 (0.65)

7.1 (0.88)

5.2 (0.38)

4.1 (0.20)

14.8 (0.84)

13.7 (1.22)

8.7 (0.48)

8.5 (0.30)

14.2 (0.87)

12.5 (1.24)

11.7 (0.56)

65 years and over:

Private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Medicare and Medicaid ...............

Medicare only .....................

Other ..........................

Uninsured........................

2.4 (0.34)

6.5 (1.27)

2.7 (0.41)

*2.5 (0.78)

–

8.6 (0.64)

15.1 (1.96)

10.1 (0.84)

9.3 (1.55)

*12.6 (5.01)

1.0 (0.20)

5.2 (1.09)

1.3 (0.26)

*1.3 (0.53)

–

3.0 (0.37)

6.7 (1.24)

3.8 (0.51)

3.7 (0.99)

†

1.1 (0.23)

4.9 (1.05)

1.7 (0.32)

*1.6 (0.62)

–

2.1 (0.32)

6.6 (1.31)

3.2 (0.48)

*3.2 (1.02)

†

4.6 (0.47)

10.8 (1.81)

5.1 (0.63)

6.4 (1.58)

†

7.7 (0.61)

13.4 (1.79)

7.3 (0.67)

6.7 (1.50)

*12.8 (5.35)

Marital status

Married. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Widowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Divorced or separated .................

Never married ......................

Living with a partner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.3 (0.15)

5.1 (0.56)

6.1 (0.43)

3.6 (0.29)

2.8 (0.49)

6.9 (0.27)

14.6 (0.91)

13.2 (0.62)

9.6 (0.48)

10.1 (0.85)

1.6 (0.14)

2.5 (0.32)

4.5 (0.37)

2.5 (0.23)

2.2 (0.43)

3.6 (0.19)

6.3 (0.60)

6.9 (0.43)

5.2 (0.34)

5.4 (0.61)

1.4 (0.12)

2.6 (0.36)

3.4 (0.31)

2.0 (0.20)

1.7 (0.39)

2.8 (0.17)

4.8 (0.54)

5.6 (0.44)

3.6 (0.31)

3.9 (0.53)

4.6 (0.22)

8.1 (0.66)

9.7 (0.54)

7.4 (0.42)

8.8 (0.78)

8.5 (0.30)

10.0 (0.72)

11.4 (0.56)

10.5 (0.51)

11.7 (0.91)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ........................

Small MSA ........................

Not in MSA ........................

3.0 (0.17)

3.4 (0.24)

3.8 (0.36)

8.4 (0.27)

9.2 (0.38)

9.8 (0.60)

2.0 (0.14)

2.4 (0.20)

2.5 (0.27)

4.2 (0.20)

5.0 (0.29)

5.2 (0.42)

1.6 (0.12)

1.9 (0.18)

2.4 (0.30)

3.1 (0.17)

3.7 (0.26)

4.5 (0.42)

5.8 (0.25)

6.4 (0.31)

7.7 (0.50)

9.3 (0.31)

9.5 (0.40)

10.5 (0.63)

Region

Northeast .........................

Midwest ..........................

South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West ............................

3.7 (0.35)

2.6 (0.25)

3.6 (0.22)

3.0 (0.25)

9.4 (0.55)

8.2 (0.39)

9.2 (0.38)

8.5 (0.43)

2.1 (0.25)

2.1 (0.25)

2.3 (0.16)

2.4 (0.23)

4.7 (0.37)

4.2 (0.29)

4.8 (0.27)

4.7 (0.31)

1.9 (0.26)

1.7 (0.22)

1.8 (0.16)

1.8 (0.19)

3.3 (0.31)

3.3 (0.32)

3.8 (0.25)

3.4 (0.25)

5.3 (0.41)

6.1 (0.39)

7.2 (0.31)

5.7 (0.33)

8.8 (0.54)

9.7 (0.51)

9.9 (0.37)

9.6 (0.43)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ................

Hispanic or Latina, female ...............

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...............

White, single race, female..............

Black or African American, single race, male . .

Black or African American, single race, female .

3.5 (0.48)

4.9 (0.49)

2.5 (0.23)

3.3 (0.22)

3.1 (0.46)

5.3 (0.49)

8.8 (0.72)

11.7 (0.72)

6.3 (0.34)

9.6 (0.38)

10.2 (0.90)

13.6 (0.82)

2.6 (0.43)

3.4 (0.38)

1.9 (0.20)

2.1 (0.18)

2.1 (0.35)

2.9 (0.41)

4.5 (0.50)

6.8 (0.56)

3.6 (0.25)

5.0 (0.27)

4.1 (0.54)

6.7 (0.60)

2.0 (0.36)

2.3 (0.31)

1.6 (0.17)

1.9 (0.16)

1.7 (0.32)

2.5 (0.40)

2.4 (0.38)

4.8 (0.49)

2.9 (0.24)

3.9 (0.23)

3.0 (0.49)

5.1 (0.55)

6.2 (0.63)

6.8 (0.57)

5.0 (0.32)

6.2 (0.30)

9.5 (0.83)

10.6 (0.71)

7.7 (0.70)

9.8 (0.67)

8.4 (0.40)

10.3 (0.37)

10.6 (0.83)

12.7 (0.79)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

– Quantity zero. 

1

In four separate questions, respondents were asked how often in the past 30 days they felt: so sad that nothing could cheer them up, hopeless, worthless, or that everything was an effort. 

Respondents could choose from among five response categories: ‘‘All of the time,’’ ‘‘Most of the time,’’ ‘‘Some of the time,’’ ‘‘A little of the time,’’ or ‘‘None of the time.’’ For this table, ‘‘All’’ and ‘‘Most’’ 

are combined, and ‘‘Some’’ is shown separately. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The percentages in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 169

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 14.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 170 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XI. Crude percentages of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

Nervousness1 Restlessness1

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Percent2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) ..............................

Total3 (age-adjusted) .........................

4.6 (0.16)

4.6 (0.16)

12.9 (0.27)

13.0 (0.27)

6.3 (0.19)

6.2 (0.19)

13.2 (0.26)

13.2 (0.26)

Sex

Male ...................................

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.9 (0.22)

5.4 (0.22)

11.1 (0.36)

14.6 (0.38)

5.9 (0.28)

6.7 (0.24)

12.3 (0.37)

14.1 (0.35)

Age

18–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

4.7 (0.24)

5.3 (0.28)

3.2 (0.37)

2.8 (0.33)

14.1 (0.38)

12.8 (0.44)

10.1 (0.67)

9.0 (0.62)

6.6 (0.28)

6.9 (0.30)

4.0 (0.43)

4.0 (0.47)

13.9 (0.39)

13.7 (0.45)

11.4 (0.67)

8.7 (0.66)

Race

One race4 ................................

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Indian or Alaska Native ................

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...........

Two or more races5 ..........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

4.6 (0.16)

4.9 (0.19)

3.9 (0.31)

7.0 (1.63)

1.8 (0.33)

–

5.8 (1.31)

†

*7.9 (2.50)

12.8 (0.27)

13.3 (0.31)

11.4 (0.58)

10.2 (2.27)

9.8 (0.84)

†

19.8 (2.36)

24.5 (5.70)

21.6 (3.86)

6.2 (0.19)

6.2 (0.21)

7.5 (0.47)

10.7 (3.08)

2.3 (0.40)

†

10.6 (1.72)

*8.7 (3.05)

14.5 (3.36)

13.2 (0.26)

13.3 (0.31)

14.0 (0.65)

12.8 (2.57)

8.2 (0.81)

*10.2 (4.96)

16.5 (2.19)

21.5 (5.60)

11.9 (2.81)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black or African American, single race .............

5.2 (0.40)

4.6 (0.49)

4.6 (0.17)

4.8 (0.21)

3.9 (0.31)

11.5 (0.54)

11.9 (0.73)

13.1 (0.30)

13.6 (0.36)

11.4 (0.59)

5.6 (0.42)

4.8 (0.51)

6.4 (0.21)

6.3 (0.24)

7.6 (0.49)

10.0 (0.51)

10.2 (0.67)

13.7 (0.29)

14.0 (0.34)

14.3 (0.67)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma ..................

High school diploma or GED8 ....................

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bachelor’s degree or higher .....................

8.2 (0.52)

5.3 (0.33)

4.8 (0.31)

2.3 (0.24)

13.7 (0.65)

12.2 (0.52)

13.5 (0.49)

11.2 (0.48)

9.8 (0.59)

7.4 (0.39)

6.8 (0.38)

3.0 (0.26)

14.3 (0.68)

13.3 (0.54)

13.9 (0.51)

11.2 (0.45)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ...........................

$35,000 or more ............................

$35,000–$49,999 ..........................

$50,000–$74,999 ..........................

$75,000–$99,999 ..........................

$100,000 or more ..........................

7.4 (0.31)

3.3 (0.18)

4.4 (0.42)

3.6 (0.34)

3.4 (0.47)

2.3 (0.29)

14.8 (0.43)

12.3 (0.36)

14.0 (0.68)

12.3 (0.62)

12.0 (0.79)

11.4 (0.60)

9.6 (0.35)

4.7 (0.22)

6.5 (0.53)

5.3 (0.41)

3.6 (0.41)

3.5 (0.38)

15.1 (0.42)

12.5 (0.35)

13.7 (0.72)

12.4 (0.64)

12.4 (0.79)

11.9 (0.64)

Poverty status10

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Near poor ...............................

Not poor................................

9.8 (0.53)

6.1 (0.42)

3.4 (0.18)

15.7 (0.69)

14.9 (0.67)

12.1 (0.34)

12.0 (0.60)

8.1 (0.51)

4.9 (0.22)

16.8 (0.70)

14.4 (0.62)

12.4 (0.34)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 171

Table XI. Crude percentages of feelings of nervousness or restlessness among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Nervousness1 Restlessness1

Selected characteristic

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

All or most

of the time

Some of

the time

Health insurance coverage11

Under 65 years:

Private .................................

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uninsured ...............................

65 years and over:

Private .................................

Medicare and Medicaid ......................

Medicare only ............................

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uninsured ...............................

3.4 (0.20)

10.0 (0.69)

9.6 (1.14)

6.6 (0.44)

2.5 (0.34)

9.4 (1.48)

2.8 (0.41)

*2.6 (0.82)

–

Percent2 (standard error)

12.5 (0.37) 4.5 (0.22)

17.2 (0.95) 14.0 (0.87)

16.7 (1.46) 12.6 (1.19)

14.6 (0.66) 8.8 (0.50)

8.9 (0.62) 3.5 (0.45)

16.6 (2.03) 9.4 (1.61)

10.1 (0.89) 3.7 (0.50)

5.6 (1.27) 4.2 (1.24)

*11.2 (4.96) †

12.9 (0.36)

17.9 (1.00)

17.0 (1.32)

14.1 (0.61)

9.4 (0.65)

16.7 (1.93)

10.6 (0.88)

8.2 (1.59)

†

Marital status

Married ..................................

Widowed .................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Never married..............................

Living with a partner ..........................

3.8 (0.21)

4.8 (0.52)

6.9 (0.45)

5.1 (0.35)

5.7 (0.66)

11.4 (0.36)

11.7 (0.77)

15.1 (0.68)

14.5 (0.61)

17.0 (1.04)

5.0 (0.25)

5.8 (0.57)

9.2 (0.53)

6.9 (0.41)

10.0 (0.90)

11.8 (0.33)

11.8 (0.79)

15.3 (0.67)

14.9 (0.61)

16.9 (1.05)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ...............................

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not in MSA ...............................

4.2 (0.21)

4.8 (0.31)

5.8 (0.41)

12.8 (0.36)

13.3 (0.49)

12.6 (0.81)

5.6 (0.24)

6.5 (0.33)

7.8 (0.56)

12.6 (0.36)

13.3 (0.50)

15.1 (0.64)

Region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

4.6 (0.38)

4.5 (0.35)

4.9 (0.28)

4.5 (0.29)

13.7 (0.79)

13.4 (0.59)

12.1 (0.42)

13.0 (0.50)

6.3 (0.48)

6.5 (0.39)

6.7 (0.32)

5.4 (0.35)

13.6 (0.64)

13.2 (0.55)

13.2 (0.44)

12.9 (0.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male .......................

Hispanic or Latina, female ......................

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ......................

White, single race, female .....................

Black or African American, single race, male .........

Black or African American, single race, female ........

4.4 (0.59)

6.0 (0.54)

4.1 (0.29)

5.6 (0.29)

3.0 (0.39)

4.6 (0.49)

10.3 (0.77)

12.8 (0.75)

11.7 (0.47)

15.3 (0.49)

8.8 (0.82)

13.5 (0.86)

5.1 (0.62)

6.1 (0.55)

6.1 (0.35)

6.6 (0.31)

6.2 (0.66)

8.8 (0.68)

8.7 (0.70)

11.5 (0.70)

13.3 (0.49)

14.6 (0.45)

12.2 (0.92)

16.0 (0.94)

– Quantity zero.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision. 

1

In two separate questions, respondents were asked how often they felt nervous or restless in the past 30 days. Respondents could choose among five response categories: ‘‘All of the time,’’ ‘‘Most of 

the time,’’ ‘‘Some of the time,’’ ‘‘A little of the time,’’ or ‘‘None of the time.’’ For this table, ‘‘All’’ and ‘‘Most’’ are combined, and ‘‘Some’’ is shown separately. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The percentages in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 172 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 16.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
culties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

Any physical

difficulty2

Walk quarter

of a mile

Climb up 10

steps without

resting

Stand for

2 hours

Sit for

2 hours

Stoop, bend,

or kneel

Reach

over head

Grasp or

handle small

objects

Lift or

carry 10

pounds

Push or

pull large

objects

Percent3 (standard error)

...........

...........

15.6 (0.29)15.1 (0.27)

7.3 (0.19)7.1 (0.17)

5.2 (0.16)5.0 (0.15)

9.3 (0.21)9.0 (0.20)

3.2 (0.13)3.0 (0.13)

9.2 (0.22)8.8 (0.20)

2.7 (0.11)2.6 (0.11)

1.7 (0.09)1.7 (0.08)

4.4 (0.14)4.2 (0.13)

6.3 (0.18)6.1 (0.17)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

12.0 (0.36)

19.0 (0.43)

5.8 (0.24)8.7 (0.27)

3.7 (0.20)6.5 (0.24)

7.5 (0.28)

11.0 (0.31)

2.7 (0.18)

3.7 (0.18)

7.3 (0.28)

10.9 (0.32)

2.0 (0.14)3.3 (0.17)

1.4 (0.13)2.0 (0.12)

2.5 (0.15)6.2 (0.23)

4.3 (0.21)8.3 (0.27)

.................................

...........

5.4 (0.25)

19.1 (0.51)30.4 (0.98)

46.1 (1.14)

1.8 (0.14)

8.2 (0.33)

15.6 (0.82)

28.0 (1.02)

1.1 (0.12)

5.9 (0.28)

11.3 (0.68)

19.6 (0.90)

2.9 (0.18)

11.3 (0.37)

18.6 (0.80)

29.6 (1.07)

1.5 (0.14)4.9 (0.26)

4.2 (0.41)4.7 (0.46)

2.7 (0.17)

12.0 (0.41)

18.0 (0.85)

26.0 (1.02)

0.8 (0.11)

3.4 (0.22)

4.9 (0.48)8.4 (0.63)

0.5 (0.09)

2.3 (0.17)

3.3 (0.39)4.8 (0.44)

1.0 (0.10)

5.6 (0.26)

8.4 (0.60)

16.1 (0.88)

1.7 (0.13)

8.2 (0.35)

12.5 (0.73)

19.5 (0.92)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

...........

...........

15.6 (0.29)

15.8 (0.34)

17.1 (0.64)

16.3 (2.78)

7.8 (0.74)

*19.1 (7.86)

17.1 (1.99)

†

27.1 (3.72)

7.3 (0.19)

7.3 (0.22)

8.8 (0.44)

8.7 (2.11)

2.8 (0.43)

†

7.6 (1.51)

–

13.1 (3.05)

5.1 (0.16)

5.0 (0.19)

6.9 (0.40)

6.9 (1.88)

2.7 (0.45)

†

6.7 (1.46)

–

13.1 (3.05)

9.3 (0.21)

9.3 (0.25)

10.6 (0.47)

10.5 (2.18)

4.9 (0.57)

†

10.8 (1.47)

†

17.4 (2.74)

3.2 (0.13)

3.1 (0.15)

4.0 (0.30)

8.7 (2.21)

1.9 (0.39)

†

4.2 (0.81)

†

6.4 (1.63)

9.1 (0.22)

9.3 (0.25)

10.1 (0.49)

8.8 (2.00)

4.6 (0.57)

†

11.1 (1.62)

†

18.9 (3.24)

2.7 (0.11)

2.7 (0.13)

2.8 (0.27)

*2.4 (0.93)

1.7 (0.37)

†

4.1 (1.07)

†

*7.2 (2.25)

1.7 (0.09)

1.7 (0.10)

1.9 (0.25)

*1.4 (0.61)

1.0 (0.24)

–

*2.0 (0.67)

†

*3.9 (1.44)

4.4 (0.14)

4.2 (0.16)

5.7 (0.38)

6.9 (1.81)

3.9 (0.49)

†

5.5 (1.23)

–

10.3 (2.62)

6.3 (0.18)

6.2 (0.21)

7.7 (0.40)

6.8 (1.66)

4.4 (0.58)

†

8.5 (1.67)

–

14.0 (3.43)

race

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . ........

11.2 (0.54)

10.3 (0.64)

16.3 (0.32)

16.7 (0.38)

17.3 (0.66)

4.5 (0.34)

4.0 (0.39)

7.8 (0.21)

7.9 (0.25)

8.9 (0.45)

4.3 (0.34)

3.9 (0.44)

5.3 (0.18)

5.1 (0.21)

7.0 (0.41)

6.1 (0.39)

5.8 (0.48)

9.8 (0.23)

9.9 (0.28)

10.8 (0.48)

2.6 (0.25)

2.2 (0.28)

3.3 (0.15)

3.2 (0.18)3.9 (0.31)

6.4 (0.41)

5.8 (0.49)

9.6 (0.24)

9.8 (0.29)

10.2 (0.50)

2.2 (0.22)

2.2 (0.30)

2.8 (0.12)

2.8 (0.15)

2.9 (0.28)

1.3 (0.17)

1.2 (0.21)

1.8 (0.10)

1.8 (0.11)

1.9 (0.25)

3.8 (0.29)

3.6 (0.37)

4.5 (0.16)

4.3 (0.18)

5.8 (0.39)

4.8 (0.36)

4.5 (0.43)

6.6 (0.19)

6.4 (0.23)

7.8 (0.41)

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

29.5 (0.89)

21.8 (0.61)

17.0 (0.55)

8.4 (0.39)

15.9 (0.72)

10.5 (0.42)

7.6 (0.37)

3.4 (0.25)

12.6 (0.59)

7.4 (0.36)

5.1 (0.31)

2.1 (0.21)

18.4 (0.69)

12.7 (0.48)

10.3 (0.44)

4.8 (0.30)

6.9 (0.47)

4.6 (0.31)

3.5 (0.26)

1.3 (0.16)

17.2 (0.71)

13.2 (0.49)

10.2 (0.44)

4.8 (0.31)

5.6 (0.41)

3.8 (0.27)

2.8 (0.24)1.3 (0.16)

4.0 (0.34)

2.4 (0.22)

1.9 (0.20)0.7 (0.10)

10.6 (0.55)

5.9 (0.31)

4.5 (0.30)2.0 (0.20)

14.1 (0.65)

8.7 (0.43)

6.8 (0.36)2.8 (0.22)

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 173
culties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

Any physical

difficulty2

Walk quarter

of a mile

Climb up 10

steps without

resting

Stand for

2 hours

Sit for

2 hours

Stoop, bend,

or kneel

Reach

over head

Grasp or

handle small

objects

Lift or

carry 10

pounds

Push or

pull large

objects

Percent3 (standard error)

...........

...........

.................................

...........

24.7 (0.57)10.8 (0.30)

16.2 (0.70)

11.9 (0.59)

9.4 (0.67)6.9 (0.45)

13.0 (0.42)

4.3 (0.18)7.2 (0.47)4.8 (0.35)

3.2 (0.41)

2.4 (0.27)

9.7 (0.36)

2.9 (0.16)5.1 (0.42)3.5 (0.31)

1.8 (0.29)1.5 (0.22)

15.8 (0.45)

5.9 (0.23)9.0 (0.56)7.0 (0.45)

5.0 (0.52)3.3 (0.30)

5.8 (0.30)

1.9 (0.13)3.0 (0.34)2.2 (0.26)

1.6 (0.30)1.2 (0.17)

14.4 (0.44)

6.4 (0.24)9.7 (0.56)6.9 (0.46)

5.6 (0.55)4.2 (0.37)

4.6 (0.23)

1.6 (0.13)3.1 (0.34)1.5 (0.22)

1.4 (0.28)0.9 (0.18)

3.3 (0.20)

0.9 (0.09)

1.5 (0.21)1.0 (0.18)

0.9 (0.22)

*0.4 (0.13)

8.2 (0.32)

2.5 (0.15)3.9 (0.33)2.7 (0.30)

1.9 (0.34)

1.5 (0.22)

11.4 (0.39)

3.8 (0.18)

6.4 (0.45)4.1 (0.36)

3.0 (0.41)

2.1 (0.25)

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

23.8 (0.87)21.4 (0.74)

11.9 (0.31)

12.4 (0.61)

11.1 (0.53)

4.9 (0.19)

9.4 (0.56)

8.2 (0.48)3.3 (0.16)

15.4 (0.66)

13.5 (0.60)

6.6 (0.23)

7.1 (0.49)

4.5 (0.35)2.1 (0.13)

13.4 (0.64)

12.6 (0.59)

7.1 (0.25)

4.6 (0.39)

4.6 (0.35)

1.7 (0.13)

3.5 (0.34)

2.8 (0.25)

1.1 (0.09)

8.8 (0.50)

6.8 (0.41)

2.7 (0.16)

11.8 (0.60)

9.7 (0.51)

4.2 (0.19)

2

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

7.9 (0.29)

27.5 (1.13)35.0 (1.88)

9.1 (0.51)

34.3 (1.09)

56.6 (2.74)38.7 (1.37)

39.8 (2.97)22.3 (6.14)

2.5 (0.16)

14.6 (0.87)19.1 (1.38)

3.1 (0.30)

18.9 (0.87)

37.8 (2.68)21.6 (1.16)

20.7 (2.65)

*13.8 (5.29)

1.6 (0.14)

10.9 (0.75)14.5 (1.27)

2.1 (0.25)

13.2 (0.74)

31.7 (2.47)14.9 (1.01)

13.6 (2.05)

*12.6 (5.03)

3.9 (0.20)

18.4 (0.93)25.4 (1.67)

5.0 (0.37)

21.0 (0.91)

40.8 (2.46)24.2 (1.19)

24.0 (2.57)

*13.8 (4.88)

1.6 (0.12)8.6 (0.67)

11.8 (1.23)

2.8 (0.30)

3.0 (0.39)

11.2 (1.51)

4.9 (0.54)

6.1 (1.50)

†

4.8 (0.24)

16.2 (0.93)23.0 (1.50)

4.6 (0.36)

20.1 (0.92)

37.8 (2.54)20.4 (1.16)

24.3 (2.67)

*13.2 (5.26)

1.1 (0.12)

5.1 (0.52)8.8 (1.09)

1.3 (0.21)

5.2 (0.51)

15.9 (2.02)

6.8 (0.67)

5.1 (1.24)

†

0.8 (0.09)

3.7 (0.46)5.6 (0.86)

0.9 (0.16)

2.7 (0.35)

12.5 (1.83)

4.2 (0.52)

4.5 (1.11)

†

1.6 (0.12)

9.9 (0.67)

12.3 (1.21)

2.0 (0.24)

9.9 (0.68)

29.4 (2.35)

11.6 (0.89)

10.1 (1.84)

*10.6 (4.71)

2.6 (0.17)

14.3 (0.86)

17.9 (1.39)

3.0 (0.31)

13.3 (0.76)

33.1 (2.47)

16.0 (1.00)

16.2 (2.29)

†

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

14.0 (0.37)

45.8 (1.18)

24.3 (0.77)

8.0 (0.40)

11.8 (0.98)

6.1 (0.24)

27.1 (1.09)

11.7 (0.56)

3.4 (0.25)

4.9 (0.63)

4.2 (0.21)

20.2 (1.01)

8.6 (0.49)

2.3 (0.22)

3.0 (0.52)

7.9 (0.27)

30.4 (1.16)

15.7 (0.62)

4.6 (0.29)

6.5 (0.78)

2.7 (0.17)

5.9 (0.57)

6.2 (0.43)2.0 (0.20)

3.5 (0.54)

8.5 (0.30)

26.4 (1.09)

14.3 (0.64)

4.1 (0.28)

7.2 (0.76)

2.4 (0.15)

8.8 (0.68)

4.1 (0.38)

1.2 (0.16)

2.0 (0.46)

1.5 (0.11)

5.3 (0.51)

2.8 (0.27)

0.9 (0.14)

*1.2 (0.39)

3.6 (0.18)

17.5 (0.96)

7.0 (0.42)

2.1 (0.19)

2.2 (0.44)

5.4 (0.23)

21.1 (0.98)

10.5 (0.54)

3.2 (0.25)

3.8 (0.53)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

13.4 (0.38)

16.1 (0.56)

22.2 (0.86)

6.0 (0.23)

7.5 (0.35)

11.1 (0.61)

4.4 (0.22)

5.2 (0.29)

7.7 (0.50)

7.7 (0.27)

9.8 (0.42)

13.4 (0.59)

2.6 (0.15)

3.4 (0.25)4.9 (0.49)

7.8 (0.29)

9.3 (0.42)

13.3 (0.59)

2.1 (0.14)

2.8 (0.20)

4.3 (0.36)

1.5 (0.11)

1.7 (0.15)

2.6 (0.27)

3.9 (0.20)

4.2 (0.26)

6.7 (0.43)

5.5 (0.24)

6.1 (0.31)

9.7 (0.57)

Page 174[ Series 10, No. 252
culties in physical functioning among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Physical activities that are very difficult or cannot be done at all1

Climb up 10 Grasp or Lift or Push or

Any physical Walk quarter steps without Stand for Sit for Stoop, bend, Reach handle small carry 10 pull large

difficulty2 of a mile resting 2 hours 2 hours or kneel over head objects pounds objects

........... 14.2 (0.68) 6.5 (0.42) 4.1 (0.33) 8.0 (0.46) 2.8 (0.31) 8.3 (0.54) 2.5 (0.25) 1.4 (0.20) 3.9 (0.33) 5.9 (0.47)

........... 16.3 (0.65) 7.8 (0.43) 4.9 (0.30) 9.5 (0.46) 3.1 (0.25) 9.2 (0.44) 2.7 (0.22) 1.8 (0.18) 4.2 (0.27) 5.9 (0.37)

........... 17.0 (0.48) 8.1 (0.32) 6.1 (0.28) 10.4 (0.35) 3.7 (0.25) 10.2 (0.36) 3.0 (0.20) 2.1 (0.15) 4.9 (0.25) 7.4 (0.30)

........... 13.9 (0.58) 6.1 (0.34) 4.8 (0.36) 8.2 (0.42) 2.9 (0.25) 8.2 (0.46) 2.2 (0.22) 1.4 (0.16) 4.3 (0.31) 5.5 (0.35)

and sex

........... 8.3 (0.72) 3.0 (0.42) 2.7 (0.39) 4.4 (0.49) 2.0 (0.33) 4.7 (0.52) 1.4 (0.29) 1.1 (0.23) 1.6 (0.28) 2.8 (0.43)

........... 14.2 (0.76) 6.1 (0.48) 5.9 (0.50) 7.9 (0.56) 3.3 (0.38) 8.2 (0.59) 3.0 (0.35) 1.5 (0.25) 6.1 (0.48) 6.9 (0.52)

........... 13.2 (0.45) 6.5 (0.33) 3.8 (0.25) 8.2 (0.35) 2.8 (0.24) 7.9 (0.36) 2.1 (0.18) 1.6 (0.17) 2.7 (0.20) 4.6 (0.27)

........... 20.0 (0.57) 9.1 (0.35) 6.4 (0.32) 11.5 (0.42) 3.6 (0.24) 11.6 (0.42) 3.4 (0.22) 2.1 (0.16) 5.8 (0.29) 8.2 (0.35)

ale ......... 12.7 (0.88) 6.3 (0.60) 5.0 (0.57) 8.4 (0.68) 3.1 (0.42) 7.7 (0.68) 2.2 (0.37) 1.4 (0.30) 2.4 (0.36) 4.6 (0.49)

male ........ 21.0 (0.94) 11.0 (0.65) 8.6 (0.56) 12.8 (0.67) 4.6 (0.44) 12.2 (0.74) 3.4 (0.41) 2.3 (0.35) 8.5 (0.64) 10.5 (0.64)

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

re asked the degree of difficulty they experienced performing nine physical activities by themselves and without using any special equipment. The activities included walking a quarter of a mile (or three city

kneeling; climbing 10 steps without resting; sitting for 2 hours; reaching over one’s head; using one’s fingers to grasp or handle small objects; lifting or carrying a 10-pound object (such as a full bag of

uch as a living room chair). The response categories consisted of ‘‘not at all difficult,’’ ‘‘only a little difficult,’’ ‘‘somewhat difficult,’’ ‘‘very difficult,’’ ‘‘can’t do at all,’’ or ‘‘do not do this activity.’’ For this table,

t all’’ are combined and shown in the columns.

ponse to at least one of the nine physical activities shown in columns 3–11.

hysical functioning, ‘‘only a little’’ or ‘‘some’’ difficulty, or that they ‘‘do not do this activity,’’ and those for whom the information is unknown (see Appendix I), are not shown separately. Persons who respond

ominator when calculating percentages. Percentages in this table are rounded.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than

ations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

hool equivalency diploma.

0 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

ews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 19.

Survey, 2010.

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 175
Page 176 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XIII. Crude percent distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent Fair

Selected characteristic Total or very good Good or poor

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 60.4 (0.41) 26.9 (0.33) 12.7 (0.25)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 61.0 (0.40) 26.7 (0.33) 12.3 (0.23)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 61.9 (0.57) 26.2 (0.48) 11.9 (0.34)

Female .................................. 100.0 58.9 (0.54) 27.5 (0.45) 13.5 (0.33)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 70.2 (0.52) 23.3 (0.47) 6.4 (0.26)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 55.1 (0.67) 28.5 (0.56) 16.4 (0.48)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 46.4 (1.12) 33.1 (1.07) 20.5 (0.83)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 39.0 (1.09) 34.7 (1.02) 26.3 (1.00)

Race

One race4 ................................ 100.0 60.4 (0.41) 26.9 (0.34) 12.7 (0.25)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 61.9 (0.45) 26.2 (0.37) 11.9 (0.28)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 49.7 (0.96) 31.6 (0.86) 18.7 (0.66)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 42.3 (4.39) 35.9 (4.21) 21.8 (3.91)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 65.5 (1.38) 25.3 (1.21) 9.2 (0.83)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 51.0 (12.42) *28.4 (9.51) *20.6 (8.23)

Two or more races5 .......................... 100.0 55.4 (2.81) 29.4 (2.55) 15.2 (2.03)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 66.7 (4.94) 25.1 (4.43) *8.2 (3.12)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 46.2 (4.64) 30.7 (4.25) 23.1 (3.87)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 56.2 (0.89) 29.9 (0.83) 13.9 (0.58)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 54.5 (1.17) 31.9 (1.08) 13.6 (0.74)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 61.0 (0.44) 26.4 (0.36) 12.5 (0.27)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 63.0 (0.50) 25.5 (0.41) 11.5 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 49.5 (0.98) 31.6 (0.88) 18.9 (0.68)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 35.7 (1.03) 34.3 (0.91) 30.1 (0.88)

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 100.0 49.6 (0.71) 33.1 (0.69) 17.4 (0.54)

Some college .............................. 100.0 59.8 (0.70) 28.1 (0.61) 12.1 (0.46)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 75.0 (0.62) 19.7 (0.56) 5.3 (0.29)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 45.6 (0.66) 31.7 (0.55) 22.7 (0.52)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 68.0 (0.48) 24.4 (0.42) 7.6 (0.26)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 56.7 (0.98) 30.7 (0.91) 12.6 (0.64)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 64.0 (0.93) 26.9 (0.86) 9.1 (0.51)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 70.5 (1.11) 23.3 (1.00) 6.2 (0.59)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 78.0 (0.78) 18.3 (0.71) 3.7 (0.34)

Poverty status10

Poor .................................. 100.0 44.3 (1.06) 30.2 (0.90) 25.5 (0.87)

Near poor ............................... 100.0 47.7 (0.94) 32.4 (0.86) 19.9 (0.72)

Not poor................................ 100.0 67.7 (0.46) 24.4 (0.41) 7.9 (0.24)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 177

Table XIII. Crude percent distributions of health status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent Fair

Selected characteristic Total or very good Good or poor

Health insurance coverage11 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 71.4 (0.49) 22.5 (0.43) 6.1 (0.26)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 42.4 (1.34) 29.5 (1.21) 28.0 (1.14)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 37.5 (1.91) 30.9 (1.80) 31.5 (1.83)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 55.8 (0.90) 31.8 (0.85) 12.4 (0.57)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 47.4 (1.16) 33.7 (1.06) 18.9 (0.88)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 21.2 (2.28) 28.3 (2.32) 50.5 (2.80)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 40.9 (1.33) 34.9 (1.35) 24.1 (1.13)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 41.7 (3.46) 34.4 (3.10) 24.0 (2.60)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 38.9 (7.68) 40.3 (8.44) 20.8 (5.79)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 62.8 (0.53) 26.1 (0.45) 11.1 (0.34)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 39.0 (1.11) 34.7 (1.11) 26.4 (1.00)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 48.8 (0.87) 30.4 (0.80) 20.8 (0.74)

Never married.............................. 100.0 65.1 (0.84) 25.5 (0.75) 9.4 (0.45)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 63.9 (1.44) 25.3 (1.27) 10.7 (0.87)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 62.7 (0.55) 26.2 (0.46) 11.1 (0.33)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 60.1 (0.76) 26.9 (0.63) 13.0 (0.44)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 53.2 (1.10) 29.4 (0.79) 17.5 (0.78)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 61.8 (0.91) 26.9 (0.81) 11.4 (0.56)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 60.7 (0.85) 27.5 (0.70) 11.9 (0.53)

South ................................... 100.0 57.7 (0.72) 27.4 (0.56) 14.9 (0.44)

West ................................... 100.0 63.1 (0.80) 25.6 (0.67) 11.3 (0.47)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 59.4 (1.23) 28.7 (1.14) 11.9 (0.79)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 52.8 (1.21) 31.2 (1.08) 16.0 (0.84)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 63.9 (0.69) 25.0 (0.58) 11.0 (0.43)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 62.1 (0.68) 26.0 (0.56) 11.9 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 52.9 (1.58) 30.1 (1.40) 17.0 (1.05)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 46.8 (1.26) 32.7 (1.14) 20.4 (0.90)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘Would you say [subject name’s] health in general was excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ This information was obtained during a part of 

the interview that allowed proxy responses, such that a knowledgeable adult family member could respond on behalf of adults not taking part in the interview; however, the sample in this table is based 

on the reported health status (possibly by proxy) for the Sample Adult only. ‘‘Excellent’’ and ‘‘very good’’ are combined in this table, as are ‘‘fair’’ and ‘‘poor.’’ 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 178 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 21.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
ns of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

...........

...........

19.519.1

(0.39)(0.38)

77.277.5

(0.41)(0.41)

3.3 (0.18)3.4 (0.18)

18.719.4

(0.55)(0.59)

71.871.2

(0.64)(0.67)

9.5 (0.41)9.4 (0.42)

14.3 (0.70)16.0 (0.95)

53.453.3

(0.92)(1.17)

32.430.8

(0.88)(1.09)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

19.219.8

(0.58)(0.54)

77.776.7

(0.61)(0.56)

3.2 (0.26)3.5 (0.24)

17.120.1

(0.79)(0.75)

74.369.6

(0.90)(0.83)

8.7 (0.56)

10.3 (0.54)

14.6 (1.13)

14.0 (0.87)

53.7

53.1

(1.48)

(1.24)

31.7

33.0

(1.37)

(1.24)

.................................

...........

20.919.315.6

10.4

(0.54)(0.70)(1.15)

(1.10)

76.077.281.4

84.1

(0.56)(0.75)(1.25)

(1.40)

3.1 (0.23)3.4 (0.32)3.0 (0.59)

5.5 (1.02)

22.617.416.0

9.9

(0.95)(0.88)(1.40)

(1.12)

68.472.176.7

79.7

(1.04)(1.04)(1.67)

(1.49)

9.0 (0.62)

10.5 (0.66)

7.4 (0.99)

10.4 (1.13)

18.6 (1.66)

13.7 (0.99)13.7 (1.66)

9.4 (1.46)

53.650.156.8

59.2

(2.04)(1.45)(2.22)

(2.13)

27.836.229.4

31.4

(1.91)(1.37)(2.06)

(2.05)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

...........

...........

19.5 (0.39)

19.0 (0.43)

22.5 (1.21)

34.3 (5.39)18.4 (1.39)

*37.9 (11.74)

23.8 (3.29)

27.6 (6.98)22.9 (5.48)

77.3 (0.41)

77.7 (0.45)

74.2 (1.26)

62.8 (5.45)79.0 (1.43)

59.4 (11.94)

70.5 (3.46)

69.5 (7.11)

65.7 (5.98)

3.3 (0.18)

3.3 (0.20)

3.3 (0.51)

*2.9 (1.38)

2.6 (0.56)

†

*5.7 (1.81)

†

*11.5 (3.81)

18.6 (0.56)

18.0 (0.63)

22.1 (1.39)

*16.0 (4.80)

17.3 (2.03)

*38.7 (15.77)

25.6 (4.84)

†

33.2 (9.13)

71.9 (0.65)

72.0 (0.74)

70.2 (1.54)

78.3 (5.66)

74.1 (2.30)

56.5 (15.56)

67.6 (5.45)

84.4 (8.22)

61.0 (9.35)

9.5 (0.41)

10.0 (0.47)

7.7 (0.89)

†

8.6 (1.43)

†

*6.8 (2.86)

–

†

14.1 (0.70)

13.6 (0.80)

16.1 (1.62)

*18.6 (6.33)

13.6 (3.33)

†

21.3 (5.43)

†

*19.0 (6.65)

53.7 (0.92)

52.0 (1.09)

60.2 (1.90)

38.1 (8.99)61.9 (4.34)

65.3 (19.03)

33.3 (6.32)

†

32.9 (8.17)

32.2 (0.87)

34.4 (1.06)

23.7 (1.53)

43.3 (11.15)

24.5 (3.36)

†

45.4 (6.73)

†

48.2 (8.46)

race

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . ........

22.6

24.6

19.0

18.5

22.7

(0.96)

(1.34)

(0.42)

(0.46)

(1.24)

74.2

71.7

77.6

78.2

73.9

(0.98)

(1.35)

(0.44)

(0.50)

(1.30)

3.2 (0.40)

3.7 (0.56)

3.3 (0.19)

3.3 (0.22)

3.4 (0.52)

23.3

24.3

17.8

17.0

21.2

(1.28)

(1.60)

(0.61)

(0.72)

(1.40)

69.2

69.1

72.3

72.5

70.9

(1.41)

(1.78)

(0.70)

(0.83)

(1.57)

7.5 (0.74)

6.6 (0.87)

9.9 (0.46)

10.5 (0.55)

7.9 (0.92)

20.5 (1.80)

21.9 (2.42)

13.1 (0.74)

12.3 (0.88)

15.7 (1.63)

57.3

56.5

52.7

50.5

60.4

(2.19)

(2.91)

(1.02)

(1.24)

(1.93)

22.2

21.6

34.2

37.2

24.0

(1.78)

(2.46)

(0.98)

(1.23)

(1.56)

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

16.517.0

19.9

19.7

(1.21)(0.83)

(0.73)

(0.65)

78.780.1

76.2

77.3

(1.34)(0.86)

(0.78)

(0.71)

4.8 (0.71)2.9 (0.34)

3.9 (0.36)

2.9 (0.29)

16.116.4

18.6

21.0

(1.15)(0.92)

(0.99)

(1.26)

74.974.4

71.5

68.8

(1.27)(1.13)

(1.18)

(1.44)

9.0 (0.91)9.2 (0.74)

10.0 (0.82)

10.2 (0.89)

14.7 (1.17)

11.6 (1.12)

14.0 (1.43)

17.4 (2.31)

54.757.1

49.8

48.9

(1.63)(1.66)

(2.05)

(2.86)

30.631.3

36.2

33.7

(1.55)(1.57)

(2.00)

(2.75)

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 179
ns of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

...........

...........

.................................

...........

19.7 (0.67)19.7 (0.47)

18.1 (0.96)20.4 (0.94)21.2 (1.19)19.1 (0.79)

76.3

77.278.476.175.178.5

(0.72)

(0.50)(1.03)(1.01)(1.25)(0.86)

4.0 (0.32)

3.1 (0.22)3.5 (0.55)3.5 (0.41)3.7 (0.57)2.4 (0.34)

18.3 (0.75)18.6 (0.77)

16.9 (1.37)19.5 (1.41)20.2 (1.89)18.5 (1.74)

71.4 (0.93)72.0 (0.88)

74.3 (1.54)71.2 (1.60)70.0 (2.20)71.9 (1.96)

10.3 (0.65)

9.3 (0.56)8.8 (0.96)9.3 (1.00)9.8 (1.42)9.5 (1.29)

13.9 (0.83)15.1 (1.24)

10.2 (1.56)16.9 (2.33)16.5 (3.71)22.1 (3.92)

52.453.757.754.954.640.4

(1.18)(1.56)(2.60)(2.80)(4.37)(4.37)

33.7 (1.09)31.2 (1.51)

32.1 (2.50)28.3 (2.49)28.9 (4.22)37.5 (4.48)

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

21.1 (1.18)

18.9 (1.05)19.6 (0.47)

74.377.1

77.5

(1.27)(1.14)

(0.49)

4.6 (0.60)4.0 (0.55)

3.0 (0.21)

19.8 (1.29)18.0 (1.22)18.6 (0.74)

69.4 (1.51)73.1 (1.36)71.7 (0.85)

10.9 (1.08)

8.9 (0.86)

9.7 (0.56)

15.2 (1.35)

12.6 (1.22)14.9 (1.13)

50.055.9

52.5

(1.81)(1.81)

(1.53)

34.8 (1.68)

31.5 (1.69)32.7 (1.46)

1

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

20.3 (0.49)

24.6 (1.87)19.8 (2.37)19.1 (0.92)

13.3 (1.19)

12.6 (3.31)13.5 (1.41)

15.3 (3.56)

†

76.8 (0.51)71.8 (1.97)77.2 (2.44)76.4 (0.97)

83.2 (1.32)

80.1 (4.58)82.2 (1.65)

79.4 (4.10)

75.4 (10.48)

2.9 (0.21)3.7 (0.69)

*2.9 (1.04)

4.4 (0.50)3.5 (0.67)

†

4.3 (1.01)

*5.3 (2.17)

†

21.0 (0.92)21.4 (1.84)21.2 (2.77)17.7 (1.17)

12.0 (1.21)

13.5 (2.82)

14.9 (1.73)

14.3 (3.50)

†

70.1 (1.01)67.8 (2.08)66.8 (3.34)71.7 (1.41)

78.8 (1.52)

79.5 (3.47)

76.5 (1.98)

77.9 (4.20)

86.1 (8.47)

8.9 (0.60)

10.7 (1.43)12.1 (2.23)10.6 (0.97)

9.2 (1.11)

*7.0 (2.29)

8.6 (1.24)

*7.7 (2.85)

†

16.0 (1.47)18.1 (1.72)12.3 (2.13)13.1 (1.60)

13.3 (1.91)

8.0 (1.72)9.5 (1.56)

15.3 (4.30)

†

52.7 (1.89)46.8 (2.24)49.9 (3.33)54.9 (2.43)

54.8 (2.52)

60.1 (3.44)

60.3 (2.52)

62.9 (5.10)

61.5 (15.02)

31.4 (1.82)35.1 (2.08)

37.8 (3.17)32.0 (2.40)

31.9 (2.46)

31.9 (3.23)

30.2 (2.45)

21.8 (4.60)

†

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

18.5 (0.52)

14.9 (1.27)

21.8 (1.01)21.3 (0.89)

20.6 (1.45)

78.4

81.0

73.975.8

74.6

(0.56)

(1.40)

(1.06)(0.92)

(1.55)

3.1 (0.23)4.0 (0.72)

4.3 (0.52)2.9 (0.35)

4.8 (0.78)

17.0 (0.77)

16.3 (1.56)

22.3 (1.37)21.4 (1.35)

19.4 (2.20)

73.7 (0.87)

73.4 (1.82)

66.8 (1.57)70.8 (1.50)

68.1 (2.65)

9.4 (0.55)

10.3 (1.23)

10.9 (1.00)

7.8 (0.86)

12.5 (2.10)

14.0 (1.08)10.2 (1.27)

14.6 (1.35)

17.5 (1.93)

15.1 (3.21)

53.256.4

50.2

56.8

49.2

(1.41)(2.30)

(1.95)

(2.35)

(4.16)

32.8 (1.33)

33.3 (2.16)35.2 (1.87)

25.8 (2.12)

35.7 (3.94)

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

20.2 (0.54)

19.6 (0.70)

16.7 (0.87)

76.6

77.2

79.5

(0.57)

(0.72)

(0.99)

3.2 (0.25)

3.2 (0.30)3.8 (0.48)

19.3 (0.81)

18.8 (0.94)

16.8 (1.30)

71.7 (0.91)

72.6 (1.10)

70.8 (1.48)

9.0 (0.58)

8.7 (0.75)

12.5 (1.01)

15.0 (1.03)

15.2 (1.28)

11.3 (1.33)

54.9

52.651.3

(1.36)

(1.72)(1.83)

30.1 (1.27)

32.3 (1.68)37.4 (1.76)

...........

...........

. . . . . . . . . . .

...........

16.9 (0.90)

18.6 (0.87)

19.7 (0.62)

22.0 (0.79)

80.2

78.3

77.0

74.2

(0.93)

(0.93)

(0.65)

(0.85)

2.9 (0.39)

3.2 (0.35)

3.3 (0.28)3.8 (0.40)

14.7 (1.13)

16.8 (1.18)

20.1 (0.98)

21.4 (1.11)

76.3 (1.51)

73.7 (1.32)

70.0 (1.09)

69.4 (1.28)

9.0 (1.06)

9.5 (0.80)

9.9 (0.67)9.2 (0.84)

12.0 (1.59)

13.5 (1.57)

13.7 (1.06)

17.8 (1.57)

56.5

54.3

53.4

50.0

(2.34)

(1.97)

(1.43)

(1.94)

31.6 (2.33)

32.2 (1.94)

32.9 (1.33)

32.2 (1.83)

Page 180[ Series 10, No. 252
ns of current health status relative to 1 year ago among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

Current health status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Excellent or very good Good Fair or poor

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

Better than

last year

About the

same aslast year

Worse than

last year

and sex Percent distribution2 (standard error)

...........

...........

...........

...........

ale .........

male ........

21.8 (1.36)

23.5 (1.37)18.0 (0.68)19.0 (0.66)

22.5 (1.82)

23.0 (1.66)

75.6 (1.40)

72.6 (1.42)78.8 (0.73)77.6 (0.70)

74.1 (1.90)

73.7 (1.70)

2.6 (0.54)3.9 (0.60)3.2 (0.32)

3.5 (0.31)3.5 (0.86)3.3 (0.66)

21.3 (1.76)

25.1 (1.74)15.2 (1.01)18.6 (0.98)

21.5 (2.30)

21.0 (1.73)

72.9 (1.96)

65.6 (1.91)75.2 (1.18)70.1 (1.08)

70.9 (2.48)

70.9 (1.95)

5.7 (0.96)9.3 (1.19)9.6 (0.78)

11.3 (0.73)

7.6 (1.31)8.0 (1.26)

22.2 (3.05)

19.1 (2.06)

11.6 (1.35)

12.9 (1.21)

20.1 (3.00)

12.7 (1.54)

56.4 (3.38)

58.0 (2.78)

51.7 (1.90)49.4 (1.74)

58.1 (3.50)

61.9 (2.36)

21.4 (2.73)

22.9 (2.26)

36.8 (1.83)37.7 (1.81)

21.9 (2.65)

25.4 (2.18)

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

nts, ‘‘Would you say [subject name’s] health in general is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?’’ Proxy responses were allowed for adults not taking part in this portion of the interview; however, the

h status (possibly by proxy) for the Sample Adult only. ‘‘Excellent’’ and ‘‘very good’’ are combined in this table, as are ‘‘fair’’ and ‘‘poor.’’ All sample adult respondents were also asked, ‘‘Compared with twelve

orse, or about the same?’’

e denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater

mbinations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

hool equivalency diploma.

or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

ews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 23.

Survey, 2010.

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 181
Page 182 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XV. Crude percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010

Smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

All current Every day Some day Former

Selected characteristic Total smokers2 smokers2 smokers2 smokers3 Nonsmokers4

Percent distribution5 (standard error)

Total6 (crude) .............................. 100.0 19.3 (0.32) 15.1 (0.29) 4.2 (0.15) 21.7 (0.32) 59.0 (0.40)

Total6 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 19.3 (0.32) 15.0 (0.29) 4.3 (0.15) 21.1 (0.29) 59.6 (0.40)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 21.5 (0.47) 16.7 (0.42) 4.8 (0.23) 25.5 (0.50) 53.0 (0.59)

Female .................................. 100.0 17.3 (0.40) 13.6 (0.36) 3.7 (0.19) 18.2 (0.37) 64.5 (0.49)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 21.5 (0.49) 16.0 (0.43) 5.6 (0.26) 12.7 (0.35) 65.8 (0.55)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 21.1 (0.52) 17.5 (0.49) 3.7 (0.22) 25.6 (0.56) 53.3 (0.67)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 13.0 (0.71) 11.1 (0.66) 1.9 (0.27) 39.5 (1.12) 47.5 (1.11)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 5.1 (0.54) 4.0 (0.48) 1.1 (0.23) 39.2 (1.19) 55.7 (1.20)

Race

One race7 ................................ 100.0 19.3 (0.32) 15.1 (0.29) 4.2 (0.15) 21.7 (0.32) 59.1 (0.40)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.6 (0.37) 15.5 (0.34) 4.1 (0.17) 23.4 (0.37) 57.0 (0.46)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 20.3 (0.72) 15.1 (0.64) 5.2 (0.41) 14.1 (0.61) 65.6 (0.85)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 25.9 (3.50) 18.7 (3.25) 7.2 (1.96) 23.9 (3.58) 50.2 (4.09)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 9.5 (0.80) 7.2 (0.67) 2.3 (0.43) 12.4 (0.96) 78.1 (1.19)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 *21.4 (7.18) *17.3 (7.65) † *10.2 (4.61) 68.4 (7.58)

Two or more races8 .......................... 100.0 24.3 (2.47) 19.1 (2.16) 5.2 (1.10) 24.0 (2.50) 51.7 (2.95)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 18.6 (4.23) 14.9 (4.06) *3.7 (1.46) 15.4 (4.55) 66.0 (5.51)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 29.2 (4.15) 23.7 (3.70) *5.5 (1.96) 31.1 (4.34) 39.6 (4.70)

Hispanic or Latino origin9 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 12.5 (0.58) 7.5 (0.44) 5.0 (0.37) 14.7 (0.62) 72.9 (0.78)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 12.3 (0.76) 6.8 (0.55) 5.5 (0.51) 13.7 (0.78) 74.0 (1.01)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 20.5 (0.36) 16.4 (0.33) 4.1 (0.16) 22.8 (0.36) 56.7 (0.44)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 21.0 (0.43) 17.0 (0.39) 4.0 (0.19) 25.0 (0.42) 54.0 (0.52)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 20.6 (0.73) 15.4 (0.66) 5.1 (0.41) 14.0 (0.63) 65.5 (0.87)

Education10

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 25.1 (0.85) 21.3 (0.81) 3.8 (0.34) 23.5 (0.88) 51.4 (1.01)

High school diploma or GED11 ................... 100.0 26.1 (0.70) 21.8 (0.65) 4.3 (0.32) 24.9 (0.66) 48.9 (0.78)

Some college .............................. 100.0 21.5 (0.63) 16.9 (0.57) 4.6 (0.27) 26.1 (0.68) 52.4 (0.73)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 8.5 (0.40) 5.4 (0.31) 3.1 (0.25) 21.5 (0.58) 70.0 (0.66)

Family income12

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 26.5 (0.59) 21.4 (0.57) 5.1 (0.26) 19.5 (0.46) 54.0 (0.65)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 16.0 (0.38) 12.2 (0.33) 3.8 (0.19) 22.5 (0.43) 61.5 (0.50)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 21.9 (0.84) 17.2 (0.75) 4.8 (0.41) 21.7 (0.82) 56.4 (0.98)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 18.4 (0.72) 14.5 (0.67) 3.9 (0.36) 22.4 (0.78) 59.2 (0.96)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 16.1 (0.88) 12.0 (0.79) 4.1 (0.46) 22.1 (0.96) 61.8 (1.14)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 9.6 (0.57) 6.8 (0.48) 2.8 (0.31) 23.2 (0.76) 67.1 (0.86)

Poverty status13

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 28.9 (0.93) 23.1 (0.87) 5.8 (0.43) 14.2 (0.61) 56.9 (1.04)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 25.7 (0.79) 20.8 (0.74) 4.9 (0.40) 19.2 (0.72) 55.1 (0.90)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 16.0 (0.36) 12.2 (0.32) 3.8 (0.19) 23.5 (0.42) 60.5 (0.48)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 183

Table XV. Crude percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Smoking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

All current Every day Some day Former

Selected characteristic Total smokers2 smokers2 smokers2 smokers3 Nonsmokers4

Health insurance coverage14 Percent distribution5 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 16.0 (0.39) 12.0 (0.34) 4.0 (0.21) 20.2 (0.42) 63.7 (0.54)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 30.5 (1.17) 25.6 (1.11) 4.9 (0.51) 12.5 (0.77) 57.1 (1.23)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 27.9 (1.64) 23.6 (1.54) 4.4 (0.70) 23.9 (1.67) 48.2 (1.90)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 32.1 (0.82) 25.3 (0.78) 6.8 (0.43) 13.0 (0.60) 54.8 (0.91)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 8.0 (0.65) 6.6 (0.58) 1.3 (0.24) 40.2 (1.15) 51.9 (1.14)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 17.6 (2.12) 15.5 (1.99) *2.1 (0.71) 29.7 (2.54) 52.7 (2.77)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 9.8 (0.84) 8.4 (0.78) 1.5 (0.31) 38.6 (1.42) 51.6 (1.40)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 11.2 (1.95) 8.3 (1.68) *3.0 (1.05) 48.4 (3.00) 40.3 (2.95)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 † † † 34.1 (7.20) 53.2 (8.19)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 14.7 (0.40) 11.7 (0.37) 3.1 (0.18) 25.2 (0.48) 60.1 (0.54)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 12.6 (0.77) 10.1 (0.69) 2.5 (0.38) 30.3 (1.14) 57.1 (1.18)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 28.0 (0.79) 22.9 (0.74) 5.2 (0.36) 25.8 (0.77) 46.2 (0.86)

Never married.............................. 100.0 22.4 (0.69) 16.4 (0.59) 6.0 (0.39) 10.0 (0.44) 67.6 (0.77)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 37.5 (1.39) 30.0 (1.33) 7.5 (0.78) 16.7 (1.05) 45.8 (1.44)

Place of residence15

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 17.1 (0.42) 12.7 (0.37) 4.4 (0.21) 20.7 (0.42) 62.3 (0.54)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.8 (0.63) 15.6 (0.56) 4.2 (0.27) 22.7 (0.61) 57.6 (0.77)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 26.1 (0.95) 22.4 (0.88) 3.7 (0.31) 23.3 (0.96) 50.6 (1.06)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 17.4 (0.69) 13.8 (0.63) 3.6 (0.38) 23.3 (0.83) 59.3 (0.97)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 21.8 (0.72) 17.2 (0.63) 4.6 (0.32) 22.3 (0.59) 55.9 (0.78)

South ................................... 100.0 21.0 (0.58) 16.7 (0.53) 4.3 (0.25) 20.9 (0.55) 58.1 (0.66)

West ................................... 100.0 15.9 (0.59) 11.7 (0.52) 4.2 (0.28) 21.1 (0.67) 63.0 (0.90)

Hispanic or Latino origin9

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 15.8 (0.91) 9.1 (0.70) 6.7 (0.61) 18.8 (0.98) 65.5 (1.26)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 9.0 (0.63) 5.7 (0.50) 3.3 (0.39) 10.3 (0.70) 80.7 (0.86)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 22.6 (0.60) 18.3 (0.56) 4.3 (0.28) 28.7 (0.65) 48.8 (0.75)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 19.6 (0.53) 15.8 (0.48) 3.7 (0.25) 21.5 (0.50) 58.9 (0.64)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 24.8 (1.19) 18.9 (1.10) 5.9 (0.68) 17.0 (1.02) 58.2 (1.39)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 17.1 (0.96) 12.6 (0.82) 4.5 (0.51) 11.4 (0.74) 71.4 (1.13)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown. 

1

Based on two survey questions: ‘‘Have you smoked at least 100 cigarettes in your entire life?’’ and ‘‘Do you now smoke cigarettes every day, some days, or not at all?’’ 

2

Current smokers have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and still currently smoke; every day smokers are current smokers who smoke every day; and some day smokers are current 

smokers who smoke on some days. 

3

Persons who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime but currently do not smoke at all. 

4

Persons who have never smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. 

5

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

6

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

7

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

8

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

9

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

10Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

11GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

12The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

13Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 184 [ Series 10, No. 252

14Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

15MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 25.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 185

Table XVI. Crude percent distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Lifetime Former Former Current Current

Selected characteristic Total abstainer2 infrequent2,3 regular2,3 infrequent2,3 regular2,3

Percent distribution4 (standard error)

Total5 (crude) .............................. 100.0 20.7 (0.35) 8.6 (0.20) 5.8 (0.18) 13.6 (0.26) 50.9 (0.44)

Total5 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 21.1 (0.36) 8.3 (0.19) 5.7 (0.17) 13.5 (0.26) 51.0 (0.44)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 14.9 (0.45) 7.7 (0.29) 7.1 (0.27) 10.3 (0.34) 59.5 (0.60)

Female .................................. 100.0 26.2 (0.49) 9.4 (0.29) 4.7 (0.22) 16.7 (0.39) 42.9 (0.56)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 21.8 (0.49) 4.8 (0.23) 3.2 (0.19) 13.4 (0.38) 56.4 (0.60)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 16.0 (0.47) 10.7 (0.42) 6.9 (0.31) 14.7 (0.44) 51.6 (0.65)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 23.6 (0.95) 14.4 (0.78) 10.8 (0.70) 12.9 (0.74) 38.1 (1.11)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 32.6 (1.19) 15.9 (0.89) 11.5 (0.77) 11.2 (0.78) 28.6 (1.16)

Race

One race6 ................................ 100.0 20.8 (0.35) 8.6 (0.20) 5.8 (0.18) 13.6 (0.26) 50.9 (0.45)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 18.1 (0.38) 8.4 (0.23) 6.1 (0.21) 13.5 (0.30) 53.5 (0.50)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 29.5 (0.94) 10.7 (0.55) 5.0 (0.41) 14.4 (0.69) 40.0 (1.00)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 28.5 (4.15) 11.3 (2.47) 7.8 (1.96) 13.0 (2.93) 39.1 (3.70)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 41.4 (1.50) 6.7 (0.82) 2.6 (0.40) 13.2 (0.97) 35.9 (1.38)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 34.5 (8.48) † † *9.3 (4.36) 28.1 (8.04)

Two or more races7 .......................... 100.0 19.1 (2.37) 7.3 (1.36) 3.7 (0.99) 16.3 (2.20) 53.5 (2.89)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 23.2 (4.97) † † *15.1 (5.13) 56.6 (6.62)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 22.4 (3.88) 8.4 (2.43) *4.1 (1.39) 18.8 (3.58) 46.4 (4.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin8 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 31.6 (0.82) 7.2 (0.44) 5.8 (0.44) 13.0 (0.57) 41.6 (0.88)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 30.9 (1.03) 7.4 (0.59) 6.6 (0.60) 12.6 (0.75) 41.7 (1.14)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 19.0 (0.37) 8.8 (0.22) 5.8 (0.19) 13.7 (0.29) 52.4 (0.47)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 15.6 (0.41) 8.6 (0.26) 6.2 (0.23) 13.6 (0.34) 55.7 (0.54)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 29.7 (0.97) 10.8 (0.57) 5.0 (0.42) 14.2 (0.70) 39.9 (1.02)

Education9

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 31.5 (0.97) 14.0 (0.70) 10.7 (0.58) 11.6 (0.67) 31.8 (0.93)

High school diploma or GED10 ................... 100.0 20.4 (0.63) 11.9 (0.48) 7.3 (0.41) 15.0 (0.55) 45.1 (0.81)

Some college .............................. 100.0 15.6 (0.56) 9.1 (0.41) 6.0 (0.33) 16.3 (0.56) 52.8 (0.77)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 14.1 (0.52) 5.6 (0.32) 4.1 (0.29) 12.8 (0.49) 63.3 (0.77)

Family income11

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 27.8 (0.58) 11.2 (0.39) 8.1 (0.33) 12.9 (0.40) 39.6 (0.66)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 16.8 (0.41) 7.1 (0.25) 4.7 (0.21) 14.2 (0.35) 57.0 (0.54)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 21.8 (0.85) 9.8 (0.63) 6.0 (0.47) 15.5 (0.69) 46.5 (0.99)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 19.2 (0.78) 7.6 (0.49) 5.2 (0.41) 15.2 (0.65) 52.3 (0.93)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 15.6 (0.94) 7.2 (0.61) 3.9 (0.43) 13.7 (0.84) 59.4 (1.20)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 11.9 (0.61) 4.6 (0.38) 3.9 (0.36) 12.6 (0.61) 66.9 (0.92)

Poverty status12

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 32.4 (0.94) 10.4 (0.56) 7.4 (0.48) 13.3 (0.64) 35.8 (1.00)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 27.2 (0.83) 11.0 (0.56) 7.6 (0.46) 13.0 (0.59) 40.8 (0.89)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 15.8 (0.40) 7.3 (0.24) 5.0 (0.21) 13.9 (0.34) 57.7 (0.53)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 186 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XVI. Crude percent distributions of alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Alcohol drinking status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Lifetime Former Former Current Current

Selected characteristic Total abstainer2 infrequent2,3 regular2,3 infrequent2,3 regular2,3

Health insurance coverage13 Percent distribution4 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 15.4 (0.43) 6.5 (0.26) 3.9 (0.20) 14.2 (0.38) 59.7 (0.57)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 34.9 (1.30) 10.6 (0.75) 7.3 (0.64) 14.9 (0.94) 31.5 (1.20)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 20.0 (1.55) 12.6 (1.34) 10.5 (1.17) 15.7 (1.33) 40.6 (2.00)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 24.2 (0.78) 7.0 (0.47) 5.1 (0.37) 12.2 (0.59) 51.0 (0.92)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 24.6 (1.03) 14.7 (0.78) 9.8 (0.70) 13.3 (0.78) 37.4 (1.15)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 43.3 (2.65) 17.2 (1.96) 17.3 (2.15) 8.2 (1.57) 13.8 (1.97)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 30.4 (1.35) 15.9 (1.02) 11.1 (0.87) 11.2 (0.95) 31.2 (1.35)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.3 (2.33) 12.4 (2.11) 16.1 (2.40) 11.9 (1.98) 39.8 (3.08)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 40.2 (8.46) *7.5 (3.61) *9.0 (3.92) *13.1 (5.14) 30.1 (6.98)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 18.5 (0.46) 9.3 (0.30) 6.0 (0.25) 14.4 (0.38) 51.6 (0.60)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 36.1 (1.25) 16.5 (0.89) 9.7 (0.78) 12.0 (0.89) 25.5 (1.11)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 15.4 (0.61) 10.8 (0.57) 7.9 (0.47) 15.7 (0.68) 49.8 (0.91)

Never married.............................. 100.0 28.3 (0.80) 4.7 (0.31) 3.1 (0.26) 10.5 (0.48) 52.7 (0.89)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 10.4 (0.89) 5.0 (0.60) 6.0 (0.66) 14.8 (1.08) 63.5 (1.48)

Place of residence14

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 21.1 (0.47) 7.3 (0.28) 4.8 (0.21) 12.6 (0.34) 53.9 (0.59)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.7 (0.66) 8.6 (0.35) 6.2 (0.33) 14.9 (0.51) 50.3 (0.83)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 21.7 (1.04) 12.8 (0.68) 8.3 (0.57) 14.4 (0.66) 42.1 (1.15)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 20.3 (0.82) 7.2 (0.47) 5.0 (0.42) 13.6 (0.64) 53.8 (0.96)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 16.7 (0.61) 8.5 (0.44) 5.9 (0.37) 15.3 (0.55) 53.3 (0.86)

South ................................... 100.0 23.3 (0.62) 10.3 (0.36) 5.8 (0.30) 13.3 (0.43) 47.0 (0.81)

West ................................... 100.0 21.1 (0.76) 7.2 (0.36) 6.4 (0.38) 12.5 (0.51) 52.3 (0.85)

Hispanic or Latino origin8

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 21.7 (1.11) 6.1 (0.57) 7.2 (0.64) 10.2 (0.77) 53.7 (1.29)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 42.1 (1.15) 8.3 (0.63) 4.3 (0.52) 16.0 (0.85) 28.9 (1.12)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 11.2 (0.52) 7.7 (0.36) 7.4 (0.35) 10.1 (0.44) 63.1 (0.73)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 19.6 (0.58) 9.5 (0.37) 5.0 (0.28) 16.9 (0.51) 48.8 (0.72)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 22.8 (1.45) 9.6 (0.85) 6.5 (0.71) 10.7 (0.90) 49.7 (1.64)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 35.2 (1.24) 11.7 (0.74) 3.8 (0.46) 17.1 (0.97) 32.0 (1.19)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Derived from several source questions: ‘‘In ANY ONE YEAR, have you had at least 12 drinks of any type of alcoholic beverage?’’; ‘‘In your ENTIRE LIFE, have you had at least 12 drinks of any type 

of alcoholic beverage?’’; and ‘‘In the PAST YEAR, how often did you drink any type of alcoholic beverage?’’ 

2

Categories are based on the same definitions used in the ‘‘Health, United States’’ publications (see Appendix II) and are derived from respondents’ self-reported responses to a series of questions 

about alcohol consumption. A lifetime abstainer had fewer than 12 drinks in his or her lifetime; a former drinker had at least 12 drinks in his or her lifetime or in any 1 year AND had no drink in the past 

year; and a current drinker had at least 12 drinks in his or her lifetime or in any 1 year AND had a drink 1–365 times in the past year. 

3

Former infrequent drinkers had at least 12 drinks in their lifetime but fewer than 12 drinks in any 1 year and no drinks in the last year. Former regular drinkers had at least 12 drinks in any 1 year and 

no drinks in the last year. Current infrequent drinkers had at least 12 drinks in their lifetime and fewer than 12 drinks in the past year, and current regular drinkers had at least 12 drinks in the past 

year. Former and current drinkers for whom the frequency of consumption or amount consumed was unknown are not included. 

4

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

5

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

6

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

7

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

8

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

9

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

10GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

11The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 187

12Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

13Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

14MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 27.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
ons of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal physical activity guidelines among

y selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Met neither Met bothaerobic nor Met muscle- aerobic and

Sufficiently muscle- strengthening Met aerobic muscleInsufficiently active (met strengthening guidelines guidelines strengthening

Total Inactive active guidelines) Total guidelines only only guidelines

Percent distribution4 (standard error)

........... 100.0 32.8 (0.48) 20.4 (0.34) 46.9 (0.46) 100.0 49.5 (0.46) 3.7 (0.15) 26.5 (0.39) 20.4 (0.35)

........... 100.0 32.6 (0.48) 20.2 (0.34) 47.2 (0.46) 100.0 49.2 (0.46) 3.7 (0.15) 26.4 (0.39) 20.7 (0.35)

........... 100.0 29.6 (0.60) 18.3 (0.46) 52.1 (0.66) 100.0 43.9 (0.64) 4.0 (0.23) 27.1 (0.54) 25.0 (0.55)

........... 100.0 35.7 (0.59) 22.3 (0.44) 42.0 (0.55) 100.0 54.6 (0.57) 3.4 (0.19) 25.9 (0.48) 16.1 (0.40)

........... 100.0 27.1 (0.58) 19.1 (0.46) 53.8 (0.62) 100.0 43.1 (0.61) 3.2 (0.20) 28.0 (0.54) 25.7 (0.51)

........... 100.0 32.7 (0.68) 22.1 (0.55) 45.2 (0.68) 100.0 51.0 (0.69) 3.8 (0.25) 27.4 (0.59) 17.7 (0.53)

........... 100.0 42.2 (1.24) 21.8 (0.97) 35.9 (1.18) 100.0 59.9 (1.23) 4.3 (0.48) 22.2 (1.00) 13.6 (0.79)

........... 100.0 57.2 (1.31) 19.0 (0.97) 23.9 (1.07) 100.0 70.3 (1.16) 5.8 (0.57) 17.4 (0.96) 6.4 (0.62)

........... 100.0 32.8 (0.48) 20.4 (0.34) 46.8 (0.47) 100.0 49.6 (0.46) 3.7 (0.16) 26.5 (0.39) 20.3 (0.35)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 31.4 (0.53) 20.4 (0.38) 48.2 (0.52) 100.0 48.3 (0.51) 3.6 (0.17) 27.3 (0.44) 20.8 (0.40)

........... 100.0 42.1 (1.07) 19.6 (0.77) 38.3 (1.00) 100.0 57.5 (1.03) 4.3 (0.42) 20.5 (0.77) 17.7 (0.85)

........... 100.0 38.5 (4.41) 18.1 (3.07) 43.4 (4.41) 100.0 53.6 (4.28) *3.0 (1.19) 30.5 (4.21) 12.9 (2.69)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 32.7 (1.41) 22.3 (1.25) 45.0 (1.49) 100.0 51.0 (1.49) 4.0 (0.58) 26.6 (1.35) 18.4 (1.24)

........... 100.0 *22.6 (8.54) *24.0 (9.10) 53.4 (11.50) 100.0 45.8 (11.39) † *23.1 (7.54) 30.3 (8.73)

........... 100.0 28.3 (2.80) 18.7 (2.10) 53.0 (2.91) 100.0 41.8 (2.87) 5.3 (1.53) 25.0 (2.63) 28.0 (2.62)

........... 100.0 24.6 (4.99) 20.1 (4.93) 55.3 (6.64) 100.0 43.0 (6.69) † 19.3 (4.51) 36.0 (6.25)

........... 100.0 36.1 (5.11) 19.4 (3.35) 44.5 (4.54) 100.0 48.0 (4.60) *7.7 (3.06) 24.4 (4.07) 19.9 (3.60)

race

........... 100.0 42.5 (0.97) 18.8 (0.68) 38.7 (0.93) 100.0 57.9 (0.94) 3.4 (0.31) 22.9 (0.81) 15.8 (0.72)

........... 100.0 42.0 (1.29) 19.3 (0.90) 38.7 (1.21) 100.0 58.2 (1.25) 3.2 (0.39) 23.8 (1.08) 14.8 (0.86)

........... 100.0 31.2 (0.52) 20.6 (0.38) 48.2 (0.51) 100.0 48.1 (0.50) 3.8 (0.17) 27.0 (0.42) 21.1 (0.38)

........... 100.0 29.2 (0.57) 20.7 (0.43) 50.0 (0.58) 100.0 46.4 (0.57) 3.6 (0.19) 28.2 (0.48) 21.8 (0.44)

. . . ........ 100.0 42.1 (1.08) 19.7 (0.79) 38.2 (1.01) 100.0 57.5 (1.05) 4.4 (0.43) 20.3 (0.77) 17.8 (0.87)

........... 100.0 57.2 (1.05) 17.7 (0.75) 25.2 (0.90) 100.0 71.5 (0.95) 3.4 (0.36) 18.4 (0.80) 6.8 (0.52)

........... 100.0 43.7 (0.89) 20.3 (0.65) 36.0 (0.80) 100.0 60.4 (0.84) 3.7 (0.31) 24.2 (0.71) 11.7 (0.52)

........... 100.0 30.0 (0.72) 22.9 (0.62) 47.1 (0.75) 100.0 48.6 (0.75) 4.4 (0.29) 28.0 (0.71) 19.1 (0.59)

........... 100.0 18.1 (0.59) 20.6 (0.61) 61.3 (0.76) 100.0 35.3 (0.75) 3.4 (0.27) 30.3 (0.69) 31.0 (0.72)

Page 188[ Series 10, No. 252
ons of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal physical activity guidelines among

y selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Met neither Met bothaerobic nor Met muscle- aerobic and

Sufficiently muscle- strengthening Met aerobic muscleInsufficiently active (met strengthening guidelines guidelines strengthening

Total Inactive active guidelines) Total guidelines only only guidelines

Percent distribution4 (standard error)

........... 100.0 46.0 (0.76) 18.9 (0.50) 35.1 (0.67) 100.0 61.1 (0.68) 3.8 (0.23) 21.8 (0.53) 13.3 (0.46)

........... 100.0 25.6 (0.51) 21.4 (0.44) 52.9 (0.56) 100.0 43.5 (0.55) 3.6 (0.20) 28.8 (0.48) 24.1 (0.47)

........... 100.0 35.8 (1.03) 21.5 (0.81) 42.7 (1.03) 100.0 53.6 (1.04) 3.7 (0.37) 25.8 (0.83) 16.9 (0.75)

........... 100.0 29.5 (0.89) 22.5 (0.82) 48.0 (0.95) 100.0 47.6 (0.98) 4.4 (0.41) 27.5 (0.87) 20.5 (0.73)

........... 100.0 23.1 (1.05) 21.5 (0.92) 55.4 (1.19) 100.0 41.4 (1.17) 3.1 (0.39) 30.3 (1.10) 25.1 (1.03)........... 100.0 16.7 (0.73) 20.4 (0.80) 62.9 (0.97) 100.0 34.0 (0.94) 3.1 (0.36) 31.1 (0.90) 31.8 (0.91)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 48.1 (1.09) 17.5 (0.74) 34.4 (1.01) 100.0 61.9 (1.02) 3.7 (0.38) 21.2 (0.79) 13.3 (0.75)

........... 100.0 43.9 (1.00) 20.2 (0.71) 35.9 (0.90) 100.0 60.7 (0.94) 3.4 (0.31) 23.2 (0.79) 12.7 (0.63)

........... 100.0 25.6 (0.51) 21.2 (0.43) 53.2 (0.55) 100.0 43.1 (0.54) 3.7 (0.20) 28.7 (0.47) 24.5 (0.45)

3

........... 100.0 22.3 (0.50) 21.4 (0.46) 56.3 (0.57) 100.0 40.4 (0.57) 3.3 (0.19) 30.0 (0.51) 26.3 (0.52)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 50.9 (1.36) 17.0 (0.99) 32.0 (1.23) 100.0 64.7 (1.24) 3.2 (0.47) 21.9 (1.10) 10.2 (0.77)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 42.7 (1.86) 20.0 (1.60) 37.2 (1.83) 100.0 57.2 (1.95) 5.5 (0.91) 21.0 (1.51) 16.3 (1.32)

........... 100.0 39.2 (0.94) 18.8 (0.71) 42.0 (0.92) 100.0 54.5 (0.93) 3.5 (0.34) 24.8 (0.80) 17.2 (0.68)

........... 100.0 44.2 (1.25) 21.7 (0.98) 34.1 (1.16) 100.0 60.4 (1.23) 5.5 (0.58) 22.3 (1.00) 11.7 (0.74)

........... 100.0 68.8 (2.65) 17.9 (2.10) 13.3 (1.89) 100.0 82.2 (2.18) 4.5 (1.20) 10.8 (1.67) *2.5 (0.85)

........... 100.0 52.7 (1.52) 19.3 (1.17) 28.0 (1.40) 100.0 67.5 (1.46) 4.4 (0.59) 18.1 (1.10) 10.0 (1.02)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 47.0 (3.10) 19.9 (2.54) 33.2 (2.89) 100.0 62.8 (3.11) 4.3 (1.25) 23.0 (2.80) 9.9 (1.96)

........... 100.0 50.6 (8.31) 25.7 (6.88) 23.7 (6.84) 100.0 76.3 (6.84) – *15.2 (5.30) †

........... 100.0 30.6 (0.61) 21.6 (0.47) 47.7 (0.61) 100.0 48.8 (0.61) 3.5 (0.21) 28.2 (0.52) 19.5 (0.47)

........... 100.0 56.4 (1.24) 19.9 (0.96) 23.7 (0.97) 100.0 71.2 (1.04) 5.2 (0.53) 16.0 (0.85) 7.6 (0.61)

........... 100.0 38.3 (0.99) 20.3 (0.75) 41.3 (0.93) 100.0 54.4 (0.93) 4.4 (0.35) 23.6 (0.82) 17.6 (0.66)

........... 100.0 28.8 (0.78) 17.8 (0.67) 53.4 (0.89) 100.0 42.9 (0.88) 3.7 (0.34) 25.5 (0.73) 27.9 (0.75)

........... 100.0 32.0 (1.45) 19.6 (1.18) 48.4 (1.47) 100.0 48.3 (1.48) 3.4 (0.56) 29.3 (1.38) 19.0 (1.14)

........... 100.0 31.5 (0.57) 19.7 (0.42) 48.9 (0.60) 100.0 47.5 (0.59) 3.7 (0.20) 26.6 (0.51) 22.2 (0.49)

. . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 30.6 (0.98) 21.4 (0.67) 48.0 (0.93) 100.0 48.6 (0.92) 3.4 (0.24) 27.4 (0.71) 20.5 (0.67)

........... 100.0 41.4 (1.34) 20.7 (0.89) 37.9 (1.06) 100.0 57.9 (1.16) 4.3 (0.50) 24.2 (1.01) 13.7 (0.75)

........... 100.0 35.2 (1.06) 18.7 (0.82) 46.1 (1.19) 100.0 49.8 (1.11) 4.2 (0.38) 26.4 (0.96) 19.6 (0.95)

........... 100.0 31.5 (0.98) 22.7 (0.72) 45.8 (0.94) 100.0 50.1 (0.95) 4.1 (0.37) 25.4 (0.79) 20.4 (0.67)

........... 100.0 35.8 (0.86) 19.6 (0.56) 44.6 (0.78) 100.0 52.1 (0.79) 3.3 (0.23) 26.1 (0.65) 18.4 (0.53)

........... 100.0 27.5 (0.96) 20.5 (0.67) 51.9 (0.90) 100.0 44.5 (0.91) 3.6 (0.29) 28.1 (0.78) 23.8 (0.79)

Series 10, No. 252[ Page 189
ons of participation in leisure-time aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities that meet 2008 federal physical activity guidelines among

y selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’1

Aerobic guidelines only2 Full guidelines (strengthening and aerobic combined)3

Total Inactive

Insufficiently

active

Sufficiently

active (met

guidelines) Total

Met neitheraerobic nor

musclestrengthening

guidelines

Met musclestrengthening

guidelines

only

Met aerobic

guidelines

only

Met both

aerobic and

musclestrengthening

guidelines

and sex Percent distribution4 (standard error)

...........

...........

...........

...........

ale .........

male ........

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

38.6 (1.33)46.6 (1.24)26.8 (0.72)31.5 (0.72)

35.2 (1.67)47.8 (1.27)

17.0 (0.90)20.6 (0.95)18.4 (0.58)22.9 (0.57)

19.1 (1.24)20.1 (0.98)

44.4 (1.33)32.8 (1.12)54.8 (0.82)45.6 (0.71)

45.7 (1.67)32.1 (1.20)

100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0100.0

51.5 (1.35)64.7 (1.15)41.5 (0.79)51.0 (0.72)

49.2 (1.71)64.2 (1.22)

4.2 (0.49)

2.6 (0.36)3.8 (0.29)3.5 (0.24)

5.1 (0.70)3.7 (0.53)

23.5 (1.12)22.2 (1.04)29.0 (0.67)27.4 (0.62)

19.8 (1.21)20.7 (1.00)

20.8 (1.16)10.5 (0.71)25.7 (0.67)18.1 (0.52)

25.9 (1.49)

11.3 (0.86)

e standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or precision.

han 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

Adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010,’’ measures of physical activity shown are changed to reflect the federal ‘‘2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans’’ (available from: http://

ws both percentages of adults who met the guidelines’ aerobic component and percentages of adults who met the full physical activity guidelines, including strengthening as well as aerobic activities. The

ntial health benefits, adults should perform at least 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) a week of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15 minutes) a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical

ity should be performed in episodes of at least 10 minutes that are preferably spread throughout the week. The guidelines also recommend that adults perform muscle-strengthening activities of moderate or

2 or more days a week for additional health benefits. NHIS questions ask about frequency and duration of light- to moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activities, and frequency of

phrased in terms of current behavior and lack a specific reference period.

c activity that lasted at least 10 minutes. ‘‘Insufficiently active’’ is participating in aerobic activities for 10 minutes or more but less than 150 minutes per week. ‘‘Sufficiently active,’’ which meets the 2008

n moderate-intensity leisure-time physical activity 150 minutes or more per week, or in vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activity 75 minutes or more per week, or an equivalent combination.

t neither the aerobic nor muscle-strengthening 2008 federal physical activity guidelines may have engaged in lesser amounts of activity. Meeting only the strengthening guidelines means participating in

ore days per week with either no leisure-time aerobic activity or aerobic activity that did not meet the guidelines. Meeting only the aerobic activity guidelines means participating in moderate-intensity

per week or in vigorous-intensity activities 75 minutes or more per week, or an equivalent combination, and not meeting the strengthening guidelines. Meeting both aerobic and strengthening guidelines is

dults who met the aerobic-only guidelines and of those who met both the aerobic and strengthening guidelines equals (within rounding error) the percentage of adults identified as ‘‘sufficiently active’’

c activity.

e denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding.

rsons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics.

data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups

are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons

combination of races. The tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness.

can American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text.

e race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater

mbinations shown separately.

y race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, regardless of race.

chool equivalency diploma.

0 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see Appendix I). The indented categories include only those

the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

e U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the

es that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

ories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 years and those aged 65 years and over were classified

overage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years

ate coverage or private in combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only

h as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in a metropolitan statistical area.

ews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 29.

Survey, 2010.

Page 190[ Series 10, No. 252
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 191

Table XVIII. Crude percent distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010

Body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over1

Healthy

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight Overweight Obese

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 1.8 (0.10) 35.6 (0.39) 34.6 (0.35) 28.0 (0.35)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.10) 36.2 (0.38) 34.4 (0.35) 27.6 (0.35)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 1.0 (0.11) 29.5 (0.54) 41.2 (0.54) 28.3 (0.51)

Female .................................. 100.0 2.5 (0.16) 41.5 (0.52) 28.3 (0.45) 27.7 (0.44)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 2.0 (0.16) 40.4 (0.56) 32.2 (0.51) 25.4 (0.50)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 1.1 (0.13) 29.3 (0.61) 36.7 (0.62) 32.8 (0.63)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 1.4 (0.24) 27.7 (0.98) 39.4 (1.05) 31.5 (1.05)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 3.5 (0.40) 43.2 (1.23) 35.1 (1.15) 18.2 (0.94)

Race

One race4 ................................ 100.0 1.8 (0.10) 35.7 (0.39) 34.7 (0.35) 27.9 (0.36)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 1.7 (0.11) 35.8 (0.44) 35.3 (0.40) 27.3 (0.41)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 1.4 (0.22) 27.8 (0.83) 33.4 (0.87) 37.3 (0.88)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 † 26.1 (3.48) 30.0 (3.80) 42.7 (4.33)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 3.9 (0.55) 54.7 (1.70) 29.5 (1.50) 11.8 (0.98)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 † *23.2 (8.49) *28.0 (9.46) 42.8 (8.83)

Two or more races5 .......................... 100.0 *1.8 (0.65) 30.3 (2.70) 30.8 (2.67) 37.1 (3.01)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 † 40.4 (6.49) 29.0 (5.52) 27.6 (5.53)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 † 25.6 (3.71) 34.6 (4.57) 37.9 (4.96)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 1.3 (0.21) 27.9 (0.77) 39.5 (0.85) 31.3 (0.81)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 1.0 (0.22) 26.8 (0.97) 39.2 (1.07) 33.0 (1.05)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.11) 36.8 (0.43) 33.9 (0.38) 27.5 (0.39)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.12) 37.3 (0.51) 34.3 (0.44) 26.6 (0.46)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.4 (0.22) 27.9 (0.86) 33.4 (0.90) 37.3 (0.90)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 1.8 (0.25) 29.2 (0.89) 37.4 (0.93) 31.6 (0.94)

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 100.0 1.5 (0.18) 29.4 (0.68) 35.8 (0.73) 33.3 (0.70)

Some college .............................. 100.0 1.4 (0.16) 29.5 (0.65) 36.0 (0.70) 33.1 (0.70)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 1.4 (0.15) 40.7 (0.75) 36.3 (0.68) 21.6 (0.63)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 2.2 (0.16) 35.8 (0.57) 32.5 (0.55) 29.4 (0.54)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 1.5 (0.12) 35.3 (0.49) 35.5 (0.46) 27.7 (0.46)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 1.5 (0.21) 33.2 (0.92) 34.6 (0.95) 30.7 (0.95)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 2.1 (0.29) 32.8 (0.86) 35.5 (0.84) 29.6 (0.87)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 1.4 (0.29) 33.4 (1.17) 35.6 (1.14) 29.6 (1.08)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 1.0 (0.18) 40.0 (0.98) 36.2 (0.88) 22.8 (0.84)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 2.9 (0.32) 36.7 (0.92) 31.5 (0.88) 29.0 (0.84)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 1.6 (0.20) 33.7 (0.90) 32.7 (0.84) 32.0 (0.86)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 1.5 (0.11) 35.6 (0.48) 35.8 (0.45) 27.1 (0.43)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 192 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XVIII. Crude percent distributions of body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics:

United States, 2010—Con.

Body mass index among persons aged 18 years and over1

Healthy

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight Overweight Obese

Health insurance coverage11 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 1.4 (0.12) 36.4 (0.54) 34.9 (0.49) 27.3 (0.50)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 2.5 (0.40) 33.3 (1.22) 29.6 (1.12) 34.7 (1.14)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 2.3 (0.56) 28.7 (1.63) 33.8 (1.86) 35.3 (1.76)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 2.0 (0.24) 36.1 (0.85) 33.9 (0.79) 28.0 (0.81)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 1.9 (0.30) 34.6 (1.04) 38.1 (1.06) 25.3 (0.97)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 4.5 (1.28) 28.3 (2.45) 35.7 (2.81) 31.5 (2.48)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 2.6 (0.40) 35.5 (1.36) 37.1 (1.41) 24.9 (1.27)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 *1.6 (0.68) 36.4 (3.23) 36.8 (3.40) 25.2 (2.86)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 † 37.8 (8.77) 34.9 (7.52) 22.7 (5.94)

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 1.2 (0.11) 32.4 (0.52) 37.4 (0.50) 29.0 (0.50)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 3.3 (0.45) 37.1 (1.19) 32.0 (1.17) 27.5 (1.07)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 1.7 (0.22) 30.2 (0.85) 35.9 (0.90) 32.2 (0.83)

Never married.............................. 100.0 2.9 (0.30) 44.6 (0.85) 28.1 (0.73) 24.3 (0.70)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 1.5 (0.37) 39.4 (1.50) 33.8 (1.41) 25.3 (1.27)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 1.9 (0.13) 37.2 (0.53) 35.0 (0.49) 25.9 (0.49)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 1.7 (0.18) 34.6 (0.72) 35.1 (0.62) 28.7 (0.66)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 1.7 (0.23) 32.2 (0.84) 32.5 (0.85) 33.6 (0.74)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 1.7 (0.25) 37.7 (0.97) 34.9 (0.86) 25.7 (0.85)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 1.7 (0.18) 34.2 (0.79) 34.1 (0.73) 29.9 (0.71)

South ................................... 100.0 1.9 (0.17) 33.9 (0.61) 34.2 (0.57) 30.1 (0.61)

West ................................... 100.0 1.8 (0.21) 37.9 (0.85) 35.7 (0.72) 24.6 (0.71)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 *0.8 (0.28) 24.0 (1.12) 44.9 (1.25) 30.2 (1.23)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 1.8 (0.32) 32.2 (1.05) 33.6 (1.12) 32.4 (1.08)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 0.9 (0.13) 29.6 (0.69) 41.3 (0.69) 28.2 (0.64)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 2.6 (0.21) 44.8 (0.68) 27.5 (0.56) 25.1 (0.56)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 *1.0 (0.32) 30.2 (1.45) 37.0 (1.48) 31.8 (1.31)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 1.8 (0.30) 26.0 (1.11) 30.4 (1.11) 41.9 (1.24)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or 

precision. 

1

Calculated from information that respondents supplied in response to survey questions regarding height and weight. For both men and women, underweight is indicated by a body mass index (BMI) 

under 18.5; healthy weight is indicated by BMI of 18.5 up to 25.0; overweight is indicated by BMI of 25.0 up to 30.0; and obesity is indicated by BMI of 30.0 or higher. Note that self-reported height and 

weight may differ from actual measurements. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9 The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 193

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 31.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 194 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XIX. Crude percent distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Type of place1

Hospital

emergency

Total without Total with Doctor’s Clinic or room or Some

a usual place a usual office health outpatient other

Selected characteristic Total of care place of care Total or HMO2 center department place

Percent distribution3 (standard error)

Total4 (crude) ......................... 100.0 16.5 (0.32) 83.5 (0.32) 100.0 76.6 (0.45) 19.7 (0.44) 2.6 (0.12) 1.1 (0.09)

Total4 (age-adjusted) .................... 100.0 17.1 (0.32) 82.9 (0.32) 100.0 75.7 (0.46) 20.4 (0.45) 2.7 (0.13) 1.2 (0.09)

Sex

Male............................... 100.0 21.1 (0.50) 78.9 (0.50) 100.0 74.4 (0.65) 20.6 (0.62) 3.5 (0.22) 1.4 (0.14)

Female ............................. 100.0 12.1 (0.35) 87.9 (0.35) 100.0 78.4 (0.48) 18.9 (0.46) 1.8 (0.13) 0.8 (0.10)

Age

18–44 years .......................... 100.0 24.6 (0.53) 75.4 (0.53) 100.0 71.1 (0.67) 24.1 (0.65) 3.3 (0.22) 1.5 (0.16)

45–64 years .......................... 100.0 11.7 (0.40) 88.3 (0.40) 100.0 79.6 (0.60) 17.4 (0.57) 2.2 (0.18) 0.8 (0.12)

65–74 years .......................... 100.0 3.6 (0.39) 96.4 (0.39) 100.0 82.4 (0.95) 15.2 (0.90) 1.7 (0.29) 0.6 (0.17)

75 years and over ...................... 100.0 2.5 (0.37) 97.5 (0.37) 100.0 83.8 (0.90) 13.5 (0.84) 1.8 (0.32) 0.9 (0.20)

Race

One race5 ........................... 100.0 16.4 (0.33) 83.6 (0.33) 100.0 76.7 (0.46) 19.6 (0.44) 2.6 (0.12) 1.1 (0.09)

White ............................. 100.0 15.9 (0.37) 84.1 (0.37) 100.0 77.9 (0.49) 19.0 (0.48) 1.9 (0.12) 1.1 (0.10)

Black or African American ................ 100.0 17.8 (0.76) 82.2 (0.76) 100.0 68.7 (1.08) 23.1 (0.93) 7.1 (0.49) 1.1 (0.23)

American Indian or Alaska Native ........... 100.0 23.1 (3.61) 76.9 (3.61) 100.0 49.0 (5.82) 42.8 (6.04) † *3.7 (1.75)

Asian ............................. 100.0 18.6 (1.23) 81.4 (1.23) 100.0 80.7 (1.31) 17.0 (1.27) 1.6 (0.35) *0.6 (0.20)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ...... 100.0 31.3 (9.24) 68.7 (9.24) 100.0 65.1 (11.34) *32.9 (11.36) † –

Two or more races6 ..................... 100.0 24.5 (2.64) 75.5 (2.64) 100.0 66.1 (3.34) 28.2 (3.15) 4.1 (1.21) †

Black or African American, white ............ 100.0 27.7 (5.08) 72.3 (5.08) 100.0 63.1 (7.64) 21.0 (6.03) *11.2 (4.54) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ....... 100.0 24.0 (4.26) 76.0 (4.26) 100.0 62.5 (5.05) 34.5 (5.19) † †

Hispanic or Latino origin7 and race

Hispanic or Latino ...................... 100.0 30.0 (0.88) 70.0 (0.88) 100.0 60.5 (1.19) 33.9 (1.17) 4.3 (0.42) 1.3 (0.25)

Mexican or Mexican American ............. 100.0 32.2 (1.14) 67.8 (1.14) 100.0 56.7 (1.64) 38.2 (1.62) 3.7 (0.49) 1.5 (0.37)

Not Hispanic or Latino .................... 100.0 14.3 (0.33) 85.7 (0.33) 100.0 78.7 (0.47) 17.8 (0.46) 2.4 (0.13) 1.1 (0.09)

White, single race ..................... 100.0 13.4 (0.38) 86.6 (0.38) 100.0 80.6 (0.52) 16.7 (0.51) 1.6 (0.12) 1.1 (0.10)

Black or African American, single race ........ 100.0 17.5 (0.78) 82.5 (0.78) 100.0 68.6 (1.09) 23.1 (0.95) 7.2 (0.51) 1.1 (0.23)

Education8

Less than a high school diploma ............. 100.0 22.9 (0.88) 77.1 (0.88) 100.0 64.4 (1.18) 29.7 (1.12) 4.9 (0.45) 1.0 (0.28)

High school diploma or GED9 ............... 100.0 16.5 (0.59) 83.5 (0.59) 100.0 76.7 (0.77) 19.4 (0.73) 3.0 (0.27) 0.9 (0.15)

Some college ......................... 100.0 13.7 (0.52) 86.3 (0.52) 100.0 78.0 (0.69) 18.8 (0.67) 2.0 (0.20) 1.2 (0.15)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ................ 100.0 10.7 (0.45) 89.3 (0.45) 100.0 83.7 (0.67) 14.2 (0.64) 1.2 (0.16) 0.9 (0.14)

Family income10

Less than $35,000 ...................... 100.0 24.0 (0.55) 76.0 (0.55) 100.0 65.2 (0.70) 27.9 (0.68) 5.0 (0.30) 1.8 (0.20)

$35,000 or more ....................... 100.0 12.9 (0.37) 87.1 (0.37) 100.0 81.1 (0.53) 16.6 (0.52) 1.5 (0.12) 0.8 (0.09)

$35,000–$49,999 ..................... 100.0 18.9 (0.80) 81.1 (0.80) 100.0 74.3 (0.97) 21.8 (0.93) 2.6 (0.33) 1.2 (0.20)

$50,000–$74,999 ..................... 100.0 14.2 (0.68) 85.8 (0.68) 100.0 79.2 (0.84) 17.9 (0.81) 1.9 (0.27) 1.0 (0.21)

$75,000–$99,999 ..................... 100.0 10.8 (0.75) 89.2 (0.75) 100.0 81.2 (1.03) 16.9 (1.01) 1.3 (0.28) 0.6 (0.18)

$100,000 or more ..................... 100.0 8.6 (0.56) 91.4 (0.56) 100.0 86.8 (0.75) 12.0 (0.72) 0.6 (0.16) 0.5 (0.13)

Poverty status11

Poor ............................... 100.0 28.0 (0.91) 72.0 (0.91) 100.0 57.2 (1.20) 34.1 (1.11) 6.8 (0.58) 1.9 (0.33)

Near poor ........................... 100.0 24.4 (0.79) 75.6 (0.79) 100.0 66.8 (1.03) 27.5 (0.96) 4.2 (0.40) 1.5 (0.24)

Not poor ............................ 100.0 12.2 (0.35) 87.8 (0.35) 100.0 81.6 (0.51) 16.0 (0.50) 1.5 (0.11) 0.9 (0.09)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 195

Table XIX. Crude percent distributions of having a usual place of health care, and of type of place, among persons aged 18 years and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Type of place1

Hospital

emergency

Total without Total with Doctor’s Clinic or room or Some

a usual place a usual office health outpatient other

Selected characteristic Total of care place of care Total or HMO2 center department place

Health insurance coverage12 Percent distribution3 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ............................ 100.0 10.3 (0.35) 89.7 (0.35) 100.0 82.8 (0.51) 15.5 (0.50) 1.0 (0.11) 0.8 (0.10)

Medicaid ........................... 100.0 10.5 (0.79) 89.5 (0.79) 100.0 62.5 (1.39) 32.9 (1.34) 4.1 (0.46) *0.5 (0.17)

Other ............................. 100.0 6.6 (0.95) 93.4 (0.95) 100.0 57.4 (1.96) 31.3 (1.87) 8.4 (1.01) 3.0 (0.64)

Uninsured .......................... 100.0 52.0 (0.94) 48.0 (0.94) 100.0 47.4 (1.39) 39.5 (1.42) 10.0 (0.76) 3.0 (0.42)

65 years and over:

Private ............................ 100.0 2.0 (0.33) 98.0 (0.33) 100.0 87.1 (0.89) 11.9 (0.87) 0.8 (0.21) *0.3 (0.11)

Medicare and Medicaid .................. 100.0 2.9 (0.84) 97.1 (0.84) 100.0 73.1 (2.44) 22.3 (2.22) 4.1 (1.22) †

Medicare only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 4.1 (0.52) 95.9 (0.52) 100.0 83.4 (1.10) 14.1 (1.04) 1.6 (0.32) *0.9 (0.27)

Other ............................. 100.0 *2.3 (0.77) 97.7 (0.77) 100.0 61.0 (3.14) 27.3 (2.95) 7.1 (1.76) 4.6 (1.32)

Uninsured .......................... 100.0 39.3 (8.24) 60.7 (8.24) 100.0 45.7 (10.03) 33.3 (8.82) *18.7 (7.36) †

Marital status

Married ............................. 100.0 12.2 (0.39) 87.8 (0.39) 100.0 80.3 (0.56) 17.3 (0.54) 1.6 (0.13) 0.8 (0.09)

Widowed ............................ 100.0 5.4 (0.52) 94.6 (0.52) 100.0 81.1 (0.99) 15.9 (0.94) 2.3 (0.36) 0.7 (0.17)

Divorced or separated .................... 100.0 16.5 (0.69) 83.5 (0.69) 100.0 73.5 (0.90) 21.5 (0.82) 3.7 (0.38) 1.3 (0.28)

Never married ......................... 100.0 25.6 (0.73) 74.4 (0.73) 100.0 69.2 (0.93) 24.5 (0.87) 4.2 (0.36) 2.0 (0.26)

Living with a partner ..................... 100.0 31.0 (1.42) 69.0 (1.42) 100.0 64.6 (1.64) 28.8 (1.57) 5.1 (0.77) 1.5 (0.40)

Place of residence13

Large MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 16.5 (0.41) 83.5 (0.41) 100.0 79.1 (0.53) 17.0 (0.49) 2.9 (0.18) 1.0 (0.11)

Small MSA........................... 100.0 17.0 (0.63) 83.0 (0.63) 100.0 76.0 (0.86) 20.4 (0.86) 2.4 (0.23) 1.2 (0.16)

Not in MSA .......................... 100.0 15.4 (0.87) 84.6 (0.87) 100.0 69.7 (1.60) 27.3 (1.58) 1.7 (0.26) 1.2 (0.25)

Region

Northeast............................ 100.0 11.7 (0.66) 88.3 (0.66) 100.0 86.5 (0.68) 10.6 (0.61) 2.2 (0.24) 0.6 (0.19)

Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 13.8 (0.64) 86.2 (0.64) 100.0 70.5 (1.07) 26.3 (1.06) 2.3 (0.25) 0.9 (0.15)

South .............................. 100.0 18.9 (0.57) 81.1 (0.57) 100.0 78.6 (0.67) 17.0 (0.64) 3.2 (0.24) 1.2 (0.14)

West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 19.1 (0.67) 80.9 (0.67) 100.0 71.8 (1.08) 24.3 (1.07) 2.3 (0.24) 1.6 (0.22)

Hispanic or Latino origin7

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male .................. 100.0 35.8 (1.34) 64.2 (1.34) 100.0 60.6 (1.67) 33.2 (1.63) 4.9 (0.68) 1.4 (0.35)

Hispanic or Latina, female ................. 100.0 23.7 (1.04) 76.3 (1.04) 100.0 60.4 (1.45) 34.6 (1.41) 3.8 (0.50) *1.2 (0.36)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ................. 100.0 17.4 (0.57) 82.6 (0.57) 100.0 78.0 (0.76) 18.1 (0.73) 2.4 (0.23) 1.4 (0.17)

White, single race, female ................ 100.0 9.5 (0.40) 90.5 (0.40) 100.0 82.8 (0.55) 15.6 (0.53) 0.9 (0.12) 0.8 (0.12)

Black or African American, single race, male..... 100.0 23.1 (1.38) 76.9 (1.38) 100.0 65.9 (1.80) 22.9 (1.48) 9.7 (0.90) 1.6 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race, female . . . 100.0 13.0 (0.88) 87.0 (0.88) 100.0 70.6 (1.28) 23.2 (1.20) 5.4 (0.58) 0.8 (0.22)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

1

Based on a survey question that asked, ‘‘Is there a place that you usually go to when you are sick or need advice about your health?’’ and if there was at least one such place, then a follow-up

question was asked: ‘‘What kind of place [is it/do you go to most often]—a clinic, a doctor’s office, an emergency room, or some other place?’’ The choices for this second question are: ‘‘clinic or health

center,’’ ‘‘doctor’s office or HMO,’’ ‘‘hospital emergency room,’’ ‘‘hospital outpatient department,’’ ‘‘some other place,’’ or ‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’ For this table, ‘‘hospital emergency room’’ 

and ‘‘hospital outpatient department’’ are combined, as are ‘‘some other place’’ and ‘‘doesn’t go to one place most often.’’ 

2

HMO is health maintenance organization. 

3

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

4

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

5

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

6

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

7

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

8

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

9

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

10The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 196 [ Series 10, No. 252

11Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

12Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

13MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 33.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 197

Table XX. Crude percent distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Number of office visits in the past 12 months1

Selected characteristic Total None 1 2–3 4–9 10 or more

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 19.7 (0.33) 15.9 (0.29) 26.0 (0.33) 24.8 (0.35) 13.8 (0.27)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 20.2 (0.32) 16.0 (0.29) 25.8 (0.33) 24.5 (0.34) 13.6 (0.26)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 26.5 (0.52) 18.0 (0.43) 24.9 (0.48) 20.5 (0.48) 10.2 (0.34)

Female .................................. 100.0 13.3 (0.37) 13.9 (0.36) 27.0 (0.45) 28.7 (0.46) 17.2 (0.40)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 27.1 (0.50) 18.2 (0.42) 25.1 (0.49) 19.4 (0.45) 10.3 (0.34)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 15.9 (0.48) 15.5 (0.49) 27.5 (0.58) 25.6 (0.58) 15.5 (0.46)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 6.9 (0.52) 10.3 (0.69) 26.8 (0.97) 36.5 (1.09) 19.6 (0.87)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 5.0 (0.50) 9.4 (0.69) 23.4 (1.05) 40.7 (1.26) 21.5 (0.99)

Race

One race4 ................................ 100.0 19.7 (0.33) 15.8 (0.29) 26.0 (0.34) 24.8 (0.35) 13.7 (0.27)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 18.8 (0.37) 15.4 (0.33) 25.8 (0.39) 25.5 (0.41) 14.5 (0.32)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 22.6 (0.85) 16.6 (0.76) 26.8 (0.86) 22.6 (0.76) 11.4 (0.57)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 25.6 (3.71) 16.9 (3.43) 23.2 (3.30) 22.0 (3.46) 12.2 (2.42)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 25.5 (1.32) 19.8 (1.17) 27.6 (1.34) 19.7 (1.15) 7.4 (0.73)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 37.8 (8.98) *27.3 (9.53) † *25.3 (8.60) †

Two or more races5 .......................... 100.0 19.8 (2.32) 18.8 (2.40) 23.7 (2.19) 20.0 (2.21) 17.6 (2.36)

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 16.7 (4.15) 32.3 (6.68) 24.7 (4.86) 18.1 (5.31) *8.1 (3.14)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 17.8 (3.47) 11.0 (3.11) 21.2 (3.78) 23.9 (3.56) 26.1 (4.49)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 32.4 (0.90) 17.3 (0.67) 22.7 (0.73) 18.4 (0.69) 9.2 (0.53)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 35.1 (1.16) 17.8 (0.85) 21.2 (0.89) 17.5 (0.88) 8.4 (0.65)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 17.6 (0.35) 15.6 (0.31) 26.5 (0.37) 25.8 (0.38) 14.5 (0.31)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 16.1 (0.39) 15.2 (0.37) 26.5 (0.44) 26.7 (0.46) 15.5 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 22.5 (0.86) 16.6 (0.77) 26.7 (0.87) 22.9 (0.78) 11.4 (0.58)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 27.5 (0.93) 12.5 (0.61) 21.2 (0.83) 25.1 (0.87) 13.7 (0.66)

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 100.0 21.2 (0.68) 15.7 (0.57) 23.8 (0.66) 24.5 (0.65) 14.8 (0.57)

Some college .............................. 100.0 16.4 (0.58) 15.3 (0.57) 26.6 (0.65) 25.9 (0.66) 15.8 (0.53)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 12.9 (0.49) 16.6 (0.54) 30.4 (0.67) 26.5 (0.66) 13.6 (0.47)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 25.9 (0.55) 14.1 (0.41) 21.1 (0.47) 23.3 (0.50) 15.7 (0.45)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 16.7 (0.41) 16.7 (0.39) 28.1 (0.46) 25.5 (0.47) 12.9 (0.34)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 22.2 (0.88) 16.1 (0.74) 25.4 (0.86) 23.5 (0.78) 12.9 (0.67)

$50,000–-$74,999 .......................... 100.0 18.7 (0.73) 16.5 (0.67) 26.3 (0.80) 25.1 (0.82) 13.5 (0.62)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 15.0 (0.84) 17.7 (0.96) 28.4 (1.11) 26.3 (1.05) 12.6 (0.74)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 12.1 (0.65) 16.9 (0.72) 31.4 (0.86) 26.9 (0.88) 12.7 (0.62)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 29.8 (0.87) 13.9 (0.67) 19.7 (0.77) 20.5 (0.72) 16.1 (0.73)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 26.7 (0.86) 15.0 (0.62) 22.4 (0.76) 21.4 (0.72) 14.5 (0.64)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 15.9 (0.37) 16.5 (0.37) 28.1 (0.44) 26.2 (0.45) 13.3 (0.34)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 198 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XX. Crude percent distributions of number of office visits to doctor or other health care professional in past 12 months among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Number of office visits in the past 12 months1

Selected characteristic Total None 1 2–3 4–9 10 or more

Health insurance coverage11 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 15.2 (0.39) 17.9 (0.43) 30.0 (0.51) 24.5 (0.48) 12.4 (0.35)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 15.9 (0.96) 13.0 (0.89) 21.0 (1.12) 25.7 (1.13) 24.3 (1.15)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 10.5 (1.20) 11.7 (1.17) 24.3 (1.63) 28.5 (1.75) 25.0 (1.56)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 49.3 (0.89) 17.5 (0.68) 16.7 (0.62) 11.6 (0.60) 4.9 (0.39)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 4.5 (0.49) 9.4 (0.66) 26.4 (1.05) 38.4 (1.15) 21.3 (0.99)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 5.7 (1.12) 5.8 (1.23) 19.3 (2.24) 36.9 (2.47) 32.4 (2.65)

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 8.3 (0.71) 11.2 (0.86) 25.2 (1.23) 38.5 (1.44) 16.9 (0.99)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 4.0 (1.07) 7.9 (1.89) 24.1 (2.52) 42.5 (3.04) 21.5 (2.62)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 31.6 (7.07) *28.9 (8.83) *16.7 (5.59) *17.6 (6.24) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 16.3 (0.44) 16.0 (0.39) 27.9 (0.48) 25.6 (0.50) 14.1 (0.39)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 8.8 (0.65) 9.1 (0.68) 23.3 (1.03) 37.1 (1.24) 21.7 (1.07)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 19.1 (0.75) 15.4 (0.62) 23.4 (0.73) 25.1 (0.76) 17.1 (0.68)

Never married.............................. 100.0 28.9 (0.75) 17.5 (0.65) 24.2 (0.70) 19.8 (0.70) 9.6 (0.49)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 27.2 (1.34) 16.3 (1.05) 22.3 (1.18) 22.4 (1.22) 11.7 (0.96)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 20.5 (0.45) 16.6 (0.39) 26.4 (0.47) 23.8 (0.46) 12.6 (0.35)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 18.5 (0.59) 15.5 (0.52) 25.6 (0.62) 25.6 (0.63) 14.8 (0.50)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 19.0 (0.81) 14.0 (0.74) 25.1 (0.75) 26.3 (1.01) 15.6 (0.76)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 16.0 (0.82) 15.3 (0.72) 27.0 (0.83) 26.3 (0.83) 15.4 (0.73)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 17.2 (0.68) 16.8 (0.64) 27.4 (0.72) 24.9 (0.75) 13.7 (0.59)

South ................................... 100.0 20.6 (0.52) 14.9 (0.47) 25.4 (0.54) 25.5 (0.59) 13.6 (0.41)

West ................................... 100.0 23.4 (0.70) 16.8 (0.56) 24.6 (0.66) 22.4 (0.69) 13.0 (0.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 42.0 (1.34) 18.3 (0.99) 20.7 (1.07) 13.6 (0.90) 5.5 (0.54)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 22.1 (1.04) 16.2 (0.86) 24.9 (1.07) 23.5 (1.00) 13.2 (0.81)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 21.6 (0.63) 17.4 (0.53) 26.2 (0.63) 23.0 (0.61) 11.9 (0.47)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 11.0 (0.44) 13.1 (0.46) 26.7 (0.58) 30.3 (0.60) 18.9 (0.54)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 32.3 (1.51) 19.1 (1.26) 24.1 (1.30) 17.5 (1.15) 7.1 (0.65)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 14.6 (0.86) 14.5 (0.89) 28.7 (1.13) 27.3 (1.09) 14.8 (0.91)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘During the past 12 months, how many times have you seen a doctor or other health care professional about your own health at a doctor’s office, 

a clinic, or some other place?’’ Respondents were instructed to exclude overnight hospitalizations, visits to hospital emergency rooms, home visits, dental visits, and telephone calls. 

2

Unknowns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The numbers in this table are rounded. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 199

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 35.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 200 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XXI. Crude percent distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among persons

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Length of time since last contact1

More than More than More than

All 6 months, 1 year, 2 years,

persons but not but not but not More than

aged 18 more than more than more than 5 years

years and 6 months 1 year 2 years 5 years (excluding

Selected characteristic over or less ago ago ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 67.0 (0.38) 15.2 (0.28) 8.0 (0.20) 5.7 (0.18) 3.1 (0.13) 1.0 (0.08)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 66.4 (0.38) 15.4 (0.28) 8.2 (0.21) 5.9 (0.18) 3.2 (0.13) 1.0 (0.08)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 59.5 (0.59) 16.1 (0.41) 9.9 (0.34) 8.2 (0.30) 4.9 (0.24) 1.4 (0.14)

Female .................................. 100.0 74.1 (0.46) 14.3 (0.36) 6.2 (0.24) 3.4 (0.19) 1.5 (0.11) 0.6 (0.07)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 57.2 (0.56) 18.4 (0.43) 11.1 (0.34) 8.2 (0.29) 3.8 (0.21) 1.4 (0.13)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 71.4 (0.59) 13.9 (0.45) 6.3 (0.30) 4.2 (0.26) 3.4 (0.22) 0.8 (0.09)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 84.8 (0.75) 9.2 (0.61) 2.8 (0.37) 1.6 (0.25) 1.1 (0.20) 0.5 (0.12)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 88.2 (0.76) 7.9 (0.65) 2.0 (0.34) 1.1 (0.25) 0.6 (0.14) †

Race

One race4 ................................ 100.0 67.1 (0.39) 15.1 (0.28) 7.9 (0.21) 5.7 (0.18) 3.1 (0.13) 1.0 (0.08)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 67.9 (0.44) 14.8 (0.32) 7.6 (0.23) 5.6 (0.20) 3.1 (0.14) 0.9 (0.09)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 65.3 (0.94) 16.6 (0.75) 8.7 (0.58) 5.8 (0.49) 2.8 (0.31) 0.8 (0.15)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 64.8 (3.91) 9.8 (2.56) 9.6 (2.37) *4.5 (1.63) *5.4 (1.74) *5.9 (2.02)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 59.0 (1.56) 18.0 (1.18) 10.7 (0.88) 6.6 (0.81) 3.9 (0.70) 1.8 (0.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 48.9 (8.84) † *11.6 (4.48) † † †

Two or more races5 .......................... 100.0 61.6 (2.78) 19.9 (2.28) 9.7 (1.76) 5.4 (1.35) 3.3 (0.84) †

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 47.5 (6.29) 39.1 (6.42) *7.2 (2.98) † † †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 70.6 (4.02) 11.9 (2.79) 9.1 (2.69) *3.9 (1.86) *4.5 (1.57) –

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 53.9 (0.94) 16.6 (0.67) 9.9 (0.51) 10.3 (0.59) 6.3 (0.44) 2.9 (0.33)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 50.8 (1.22) 16.5 (0.86) 10.9 (0.65) 12.0 (0.83) 7.0 (0.60) 2.8 (0.41)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 69.2 (0.40) 15.0 (0.30) 7.6 (0.22) 4.9 (0.18) 2.6 (0.13) 0.7 (0.07)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 70.6 (0.47) 14.5 (0.35) 7.1 (0.25) 4.7 (0.21) 2.5 (0.15) 0.6 (0.08)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 65.5 (0.96) 16.5 (0.76) 8.7 (0.59) 5.7 (0.49) 2.9 (0.31) 0.8 (0.15)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 64.0 (0.96) 12.1 (0.61) 7.2 (0.47) 8.0 (0.55) 6.5 (0.50) 2.3 (0.29)

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 100.0 65.8 (0.75) 15.1 (0.53) 8.1 (0.41) 6.4 (0.40) 3.8 (0.29) 0.8 (0.13)

Some college .............................. 100.0 70.6 (0.68) 14.6 (0.54) 6.5 (0.35) 4.9 (0.32) 2.7 (0.23) 0.7 (0.14)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 71.6 (0.68) 16.2 (0.55) 6.7 (0.38) 3.6 (0.26) 1.6 (0.17) 0.4 (0.08)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 63.1 (0.60) 13.7 (0.39) 9.4 (0.34) 7.3 (0.32) 5.0 (0.26) 1.5 (0.15)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 68.6 (0.51) 16.1 (0.38) 7.4 (0.27) 4.9 (0.22) 2.2 (0.15) 0.7 (0.09)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 64.6 (0.96) 15.9 (0.71) 8.8 (0.58) 6.4 (0.50) 3.5 (0.35) 0.8 (0.15)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 67.6 (0.88) 15.6 (0.66) 7.6 (0.49) 5.7 (0.43) 2.5 (0.29) 0.9 (0.19)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 68.1 (1.05) 17.9 (0.83) 7.4 (0.65) 4.4 (0.51) 1.8 (0.29) *0.5 (0.15)

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 72.7 (0.88) 15.8 (0.73) 6.2 (0.45) 3.6 (0.35) 1.3 (0.25) 0.5 (0.14)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 60.0 (0.94) 13.6 (0.65) 10.9 (0.59) 8.0 (0.52) 5.4 (0.43) 2.0 (0.23)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 61.8 (0.91) 14.7 (0.60) 9.5 (0.53) 7.8 (0.52) 4.7 (0.39) 1.5 (0.23)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 69.6 (0.48) 15.8 (0.36) 7.2 (0.25) 4.7 (0.20) 2.2 (0.14) 0.6 (0.08)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 201

Table XXI. Crude percent distributions of length of time since last contact with doctor or other health care professional among persons

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Length of time since last contact1

More than More than More than

All 6 months, 1 year, 2 years,

persons but not but not but not More than

aged 18 more than more than more than 5 years

years and 6 months 1 year 2 years 5 years (excluding

Selected characteristic over or less ago ago ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Health insurance coverage11 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 68.7 (0.52) 17.3 (0.40) 7.8 (0.28) 4.1 (0.21) 1.6 (0.13) 0.5 (0.07)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 76.1 (1.10) 11.8 (0.84) 7.0 (0.62) 2.9 (0.41) 1.2 (0.25) 1.1 (0.27)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 80.8 (1.53) 10.5 (1.09) 4.6 (0.81) 1.8 (0.41) *1.9 (0.61) *0.3 (0.14)

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 37.2 (0.82) 17.4 (0.65) 14.9 (0.62) 16.3 (0.65) 11.1 (0.55) 3.0 (0.30)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 88.9 (0.70) 7.2 (0.58) 2.4 (0.38) 0.8 (0.20) *0.5 (0.15) †

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 90.5 (1.44) 6.4 (1.18) † *1.7 (0.64) † †

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 81.8 (1.08) 11.3 (0.92) 2.7 (0.40) 2.1 (0.38) 1.4 (0.27) 0.7 (0.20)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 88.5 (1.88) 7.4 (1.51) *1.8 (0.85) † *0.7 (0.34) †

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 50.7 (8.31) *21.3 (8.47) *12.9 (5.17) † *7.3 (3.52) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 69.9 (0.51) 15.3 (0.39) 7.1 (0.27) 4.6 (0.22) 2.4 (0.17) 0.8 (0.09)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 83.9 (0.91) 8.5 (0.71) 3.6 (0.43) 2.0 (0.33) 1.5 (0.30) *0.4 (0.15)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 68.5 (0.88) 14.2 (0.64) 6.6 (0.42) 5.8 (0.49) 3.7 (0.37) 1.0 (0.16)

Never married.............................. 100.0 56.7 (0.83) 17.2 (0.64) 11.1 (0.53) 8.7 (0.48) 4.7 (0.33) 1.6 (0.22)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 60.2 (1.41) 15.7 (1.02) 10.7 (0.89) 8.0 (0.77) 4.4 (0.56) 1.0 (0.26)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 65.6 (0.52) 15.9 (0.39) 8.4 (0.30) 6.0 (0.26) 3.0 (0.17) 1.1 (0.11)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 68.6 (0.70) 14.9 (0.51) 7.1 (0.33) 5.4 (0.32) 3.1 (0.23) 0.8 (0.13)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 68.7 (0.97) 13.3 (0.69) 8.2 (0.56) 5.2 (0.32) 3.6 (0.34) 0.9 (0.18)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 71.1 (1.08) 15.0 (0.73) 6.5 (0.45) 4.4 (0.43) 1.8 (0.21) 1.2 (0.22)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 67.6 (0.77) 16.3 (0.59) 7.6 (0.44) 5.2 (0.31) 2.9 (0.25) 0.4 (0.09)

South ................................... 100.0 67.1 (0.62) 14.6 (0.47) 7.8 (0.34) 5.9 (0.29) 3.5 (0.24) 1.1 (0.13)

West ................................... 100.0 63.3 (0.73) 15.2 (0.53) 9.6 (0.43) 6.8 (0.42) 3.8 (0.29) 1.3 (0.18)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 44.5 (1.38) 16.9 (0.96) 10.8 (0.78) 14.0 (0.91) 9.7 (0.75) 4.1 (0.55)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 63.8 (1.12) 16.3 (0.85) 9.1 (0.62) 6.3 (0.66) 2.8 (0.37) 1.7 (0.33)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 64.2 (0.72) 15.4 (0.52) 8.9 (0.41) 6.8 (0.34) 3.9 (0.28) 0.8 (0.15)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 76.6 (0.56) 13.6 (0.45) 5.5 (0.31) 2.7 (0.22) 1.2 (0.12) 0.3 (0.05)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 54.8 (1.59) 18.9 (1.33) 12.4 (1.09) 8.7 (0.95) 4.3 (0.59) 0.9 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 74.2 (1.10) 14.6 (0.85) 5.8 (0.59) 3.2 (0.44) 1.6 (0.33) 0.6 (0.17)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘About how long has it been since you saw or talked to a doctor or other health care professional about your own health?’’ Contacts may include 

office, hospital, or home visits, and phone calls (but not calls made for arranging appointments). 

2

Unknowns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Page 202 [ Series 10, No. 252

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 37.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 203

Table XXII. Crude percent distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among persons

aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010

Months since last dental visit1

More than More than More than

6 months, 1 year, 2 years,

but not but not but not More than

more than more than more than 5 years

6 months 1 year 2 years 5 years (excluding

Selected characteristic Total or less ago ago ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .............................. 100.0 43.7 (0.45) 16.8 (0.29) 13.2 (0.26) 12.4 (0.26) 13.2 (0.28) 0.7 (0.06)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ......................... 100.0 43.3 (0.44) 17.0 (0.30) 13.3 (0.26) 12.6 (0.26) 13.2 (0.28) 0.7 (0.07)

Sex

Male ................................... 100.0 40.6 (0.62) 16.1 (0.42) 13.6 (0.40) 13.7 (0.38) 15.0 (0.43) 1.0 (0.11)

Female .................................. 100.0 46.7 (0.55) 17.5 (0.40) 12.8 (0.33) 11.2 (0.31) 11.4 (0.31) 0.4 (0.05)

Age

18–44 years ............................... 100.0 39.7 (0.56) 18.8 (0.44) 15.3 (0.39) 14.1 (0.40) 11.1 (0.35) 1.1 (0.11)

45–64 years ............................... 100.0 49.0 (0.73) 15.8 (0.46) 12.1 (0.44) 10.8 (0.39) 12.0 (0.43) 0.3 (0.06)

65–74 years ............................... 100.0 46.4 (1.17) 13.6 (0.80) 9.7 (0.72) 11.0 (0.64) 18.9 (0.89) *0.4 (0.17)

75 years and over ........................... 100.0 41.7 (1.21) 13.2 (0.76) 8.6 (0.64) 11.0 (0.75) 25.2 (1.10) *0.3 (0.12)

Race

One race4 ................................ 100.0 43.8 (0.46) 16.8 (0.30) 13.2 (0.27) 12.4 (0.26) 13.1 (0.29) 0.7 (0.06)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 45.7 (0.51) 16.1 (0.33) 12.7 (0.29) 12.0 (0.29) 12.8 (0.32) 0.6 (0.07)

Black or African American ..................... 100.0 31.7 (0.90) 20.0 (0.80) 16.0 (0.73) 14.9 (0.66) 16.7 (0.70) 0.8 (0.17)

American Indian or Alaska Native ................ 100.0 36.9 (4.32) 15.0 (2.54) 17.9 (3.17) 10.5 (2.44) 17.0 (3.41) *2.7 (1.24)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 43.0 (1.48) 21.3 (1.17) 12.6 (1.07) 11.9 (1.01) 8.7 (0.79) 2.4 (0.45)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ........... 100.0 30.4 (7.81) *24.8 (8.78) *11.7 (5.68) *17.0 (7.53) *16.1 (6.01) –

Two or more races5 .......................... 100.0 38.9 (2.86) 15.3 (2.08) 12.5 (2.09) 14.3 (2.00) 19.0 (2.34) †

Black or African American, white ................. 100.0 42.6 (6.44) 18.2 (5.25) *7.3 (2.72) 15.7 (4.24) 15.9 (4.08) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 100.0 35.4 (4.43) 14.2 (3.07) 10.5 (2.74) 14.0 (2.92) 25.8 (4.38) –

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 100.0 29.8 (0.85) 18.1 (0.65) 16.4 (0.64) 16.5 (0.65) 16.5 (0.69) 2.6 (0.32)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 100.0 27.0 (1.03) 17.3 (0.83) 17.2 (0.86) 17.0 (0.85) 18.5 (0.90) 3.0 (0.42)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 100.0 46.0 (0.49) 16.6 (0.32) 12.6 (0.29) 11.7 (0.28) 12.6 (0.31) 0.4 (0.05)

White, single race .......................... 100.0 48.8 (0.56) 15.7 (0.37) 12.0 (0.32) 11.2 (0.31) 12.1 (0.35) 0.2 (0.04)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 31.5 (0.93) 20.1 (0.82) 16.1 (0.75) 14.8 (0.67) 16.8 (0.71) 0.7 (0.17)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .................. 100.0 22.6 (0.84) 14.2 (0.67) 14.0 (0.66) 15.0 (0.65) 32.1 (0.93) 2.1 (0.27)

High school diploma or GED8 .................... 100.0 36.2 (0.78) 16.1 (0.56) 13.9 (0.53) 15.4 (0.57) 17.7 (0.62) 0.7 (0.13)

Some college .............................. 100.0 45.9 (0.78) 17.3 (0.56) 13.9 (0.51) 11.8 (0.49) 11.0 (0.50) 0.1 (0.04)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ..................... 100.0 61.6 (0.73) 16.1 (0.52) 9.8 (0.44) 7.6 (0.39) 4.5 (0.28) 0.4 (0.08)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ........................... 100.0 27.7 (0.56) 15.3 (0.43) 15.5 (0.44) 17.3 (0.43) 23.0 (0.54) 1.2 (0.13)

$35,000 or more ............................ 100.0 51.5 (0.56) 17.6 (0.39) 12.1 (0.32) 10.0 (0.31) 8.3 (0.29) 0.4 (0.06)

$35,000–$49,999 .......................... 100.0 37.8 (0.96) 18.3 (0.70) 15.0 (0.71) 14.1 (0.69) 14.1 (0.66) 0.7 (0.17)

$50,000–$74,999 .......................... 100.0 46.2 (0.92) 17.9 (0.72) 13.1 (0.62) 11.7 (0.59) 10.5 (0.59) 0.6 (0.14)

$75,000–$99,999 .......................... 100.0 52.7 (1.16) 18.3 (0.93) 11.8 (0.78) 10.2 (0.76) 6.9 (0.62) †

$100,000 or more .......................... 100.0 65.2 (0.92) 16.5 (0.72) 9.4 (0.60) 5.5 (0.46) 3.1 (0.34) *0.2 (0.09)

Poverty status10

Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 24.7 (0.84) 14.8 (0.66) 16.1 (0.68) 17.8 (0.72) 24.7 (0.84) 1.9 (0.24)

Near poor ................................ 100.0 27.3 (0.85) 15.7 (0.64) 15.8 (0.63) 18.5 (0.71) 21.5 (0.76) 1.3 (0.19)

Not poor ................................. 100.0 52.3 (0.54) 17.4 (0.38) 11.9 (0.31) 9.8 (0.30) 8.4 (0.29) 0.3 (0.05)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 204 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XXII. Crude percent distributions of length of time since last contact with dentist or other dental health professional among

persons aged 18 years and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

Months since last dental visit1

More than More than More than

6 months, 1 year, 2 years,

but not but not but not More than

more than more than more than 5 years

6 months 1 year 2 years 5 years (excluding

Selected characteristic Total or less ago ago ago ‘‘Never’’) Never

Health insurance coverage11 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ................................. 100.0 54.3 (0.57) 18.3 (0.43) 12.2 (0.36) 9.0 (0.31) 5.8 (0.26) 0.4 (0.06)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 31.2 (1.23) 20.3 (1.08) 17.3 (0.95) 14.9 (0.86) 15.4 (0.90) 0.9 (0.20)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 39.1 (1.91) 14.8 (1.24) 12.8 (1.25) 14.8 (1.25) 18.3 (1.60) †

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 17.7 (0.68) 14.2 (0.60) 17.9 (0.69) 22.7 (0.74) 25.4 (0.77) 2.1 (0.25)

65 years and over:

Private ................................. 100.0 51.6 (1.17) 13.2 (0.73) 8.7 (0.69) 8.7 (0.60) 17.5 (0.94) *0.4 (0.18)

Medicare and Medicaid ...................... 100.0 18.3 (2.08) 11.6 (1.60) 12.0 (1.55) 16.7 (2.10) 41.2 (2.71) †

Medicare only ............................ 100.0 39.5 (1.47) 13.6 (0.96) 10.0 (0.87) 12.4 (0.90) 24.3 (1.19) *0.2 (0.11)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 38.8 (3.23) 17.1 (2.48) 7.3 (1.56) 14.9 (2.28) 21.5 (2.51) †

Uninsured ............................... 100.0 22.4 (6.66) *13.5 (6.27) † *27.6 (8.68) 25.9 (6.65) †

Marital status

Married .................................. 100.0 49.5 (0.61) 16.4 (0.39) 12.0 (0.36) 10.6 (0.34) 10.8 (0.36) 0.7 (0.08)

Widowed ................................. 100.0 37.6 (1.16) 13.9 (0.81) 10.8 (0.73) 12.4 (0.79) 25.1 (1.03) *0.2 (0.10)

Divorced or separated......................... 100.0 37.2 (0.90) 16.8 (0.70) 14.4 (0.65) 13.8 (0.58) 17.4 (0.77) 0.3 (0.08)

Never married.............................. 100.0 38.0 (0.82) 18.7 (0.64) 15.1 (0.60) 14.7 (0.60) 12.3 (0.52) 1.2 (0.17)

Living with a partner .......................... 100.0 31.9 (1.34) 16.4 (1.06) 16.7 (1.05) 17.2 (1.09) 17.3 (1.13) *0.5 (0.16)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ............................... 100.0 45.0 (0.61) 17.6 (0.40) 13.3 (0.36) 12.4 (0.36) 10.7 (0.35) 0.9 (0.09)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 44.6 (0.90) 16.0 (0.52) 12.5 (0.47) 11.8 (0.46) 14.5 (0.57) 0.6 (0.10)

Not in MSA ............................... 100.0 37.6 (0.94) 15.7 (0.73) 13.9 (0.69) 13.5 (0.61) 18.8 (0.71) *0.4 (0.14)

Region

Northeast ................................ 100.0 47.9 (1.10) 18.7 (0.80) 12.2 (0.66) 10.1 (0.62) 10.5 (0.62) 0.4 (0.11)

Midwest ................................. 100.0 47.1 (0.90) 16.1 (0.59) 12.4 (0.50) 11.8 (0.55) 12.1 (0.60) 0.5 (0.10)

South ................................... 100.0 39.6 (0.73) 16.5 (0.50) 13.3 (0.45) 13.3 (0.43) 16.4 (0.52) 0.9 (0.12)

West ................................... 100.0 43.5 (0.98) 16.6 (0.54) 14.3 (0.55) 13.3 (0.51) 11.4 (0.53) 0.8 (0.14)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ....................... 100.0 26.9 (1.18) 16.9 (0.96) 16.7 (0.96) 17.3 (0.96) 18.4 (1.05) 3.9 (0.55)

Hispanic or Latina, female ...................... 100.0 32.9 (1.14) 19.4 (0.92) 16.2 (0.88) 15.7 (0.86) 14.5 (0.87) 1.3 (0.23)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male ...................... 100.0 45.9 (0.78) 15.1 (0.52) 12.2 (0.48) 12.6 (0.47) 13.9 (0.53) 0.3 (0.08)

White, single race, female ..................... 100.0 51.6 (0.69) 16.2 (0.50) 11.7 (0.42) 10.0 (0.39) 10.4 (0.39) *0.1 (0.04)

Black or African American, single race, male ......... 100.0 28.0 (1.39) 19.3 (1.19) 17.7 (1.17) 15.6 (1.03) 18.3 (1.13) *1.1 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race, female ........ 100.0 34.3 (1.21) 20.7 (1.04) 14.8 (0.91) 14.1 (0.84) 15.6 (0.90) 0.5 (0.14)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50% and should be used with caution as they do not meet standards of reliability or

precision.

– Quantity zero.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are replaced with a dagger and are not shown.

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘About how long has it been since you last saw a dentist?’’ Respondents were instructed to include all types of dentists, such as orthodontists, 

oral surgeons, and all other dental specialists, as well as dental hygienists. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. 

3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 

4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race group. 

Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for the 

category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 

5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group. Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 

7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 

9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 205

10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold. ‘‘Near poor’’

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years.

11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II).

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in

a metropolitan statistical area.

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 39.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Page 206 [ Series 10, No. 252

Table XXIII. Crude percent distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010

HIV testing status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Selected characteristic Total Ever tested Never tested

Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Total3 (crude) .......................................... 100.0 39.7 (0.43) 60.3 (0.43)

Total3 (age-adjusted) ..................................... 100.0 40.2 (0.41) 59.8 (0.41)

Sex

Male ............................................... 100.0 36.1 (0.60) 63.9 (0.60)

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 43.1 (0.54) 56.9 (0.54)

Age

18–44 years ........................................... 100.0 50.8 (0.60) 49.2 (0.60)

45–64 years ........................................... 100.0 36.9 (0.63) 63.1 (0.63)

65–74 years ........................................... 100.0 17.0 (0.86) 83.0 (0.86)

75 years and over ....................................... 100.0 7.9 (0.66) 92.1 (0.66)

Race

One race4 ............................................ 100.0 39.5 (0.43) 60.5 (0.43)

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 36.6 (0.47) 63.4 (0.47)

Black or African American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 59.9 (1.00) 40.1 (1.00)

American Indian or Alaska Native ............................ 100.0 42.6 (3.96) 57.4 (3.96)

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 35.3 (1.48) 64.7 (1.48)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ....................... 100.0 32.7 (8.95) 67.3 (8.95)

Two or more races5 ...................................... 100.0 56.9 (2.74) 43.1 (2.74)

Black or African American, white ............................. 100.0 66.1 (5.91) 33.9 (5.91)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ........................ 100.0 53.6 (4.63) 46.4 (4.63)

Hispanic or Latino origin6 and race

Hispanic or Latino ....................................... 100.0 44.0 (0.89) 56.0 (0.89)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 41.1 (1.11) 58.9 (1.11)

Not Hispanic or Latino..................................... 100.0 39.0 (0.48) 61.0 (0.48)

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 35.5 (0.53) 64.5 (0.53)

Black or African American, single race ......................... 100.0 59.8 (1.03) 40.2 (1.03)

Education7

Less than a high school diploma .............................. 100.0 34.0 (0.97) 66.0 (0.97)

High school diploma or GED8 ................................ 100.0 34.5 (0.78) 65.5 (0.78)

Some college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 45.3 (0.76) 54.7 (0.76)

Bachelor’s degree or higher ................................. 100.0 44.4 (0.75) 55.6 (0.75)

Family income9

Less than $35,000 ....................................... 100.0 40.8 (0.62) 59.2 (0.62)

$35,000 or more ........................................ 100.0 40.1 (0.55) 59.9 (0.55)

$35,000–$49,999 ...................................... 100.0 36.6 (1.05) 63.4 (1.05)

$50,000–$74,999 ...................................... 100.0 40.9 (0.93) 59.1 (0.93)

$75,000–$99,999 ...................................... 100.0 38.6 (1.21) 61.4 (1.21)

$100,000 or more ...................................... 100.0 42.7 (0.98) 57.3 (0.98)

Poverty status10

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 47.2 (0.97) 52.8 (0.97)

Near poor ........................................... 100.0 40.1 (0.89) 59.9 (0.89)

Not poor............................................ 100.0 39.4 (0.53) 60.6 (0.53)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 252 [ Page 207

Table XXIII. Crude percent distributions of human immunodeficiency virus testing status among persons aged 18 years and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2010—Con.

HIV testing status among persons aged 18 years and over1

Selected characteristic Total Ever tested Never tested

Health insurance coverage11 Percent distribution2 (standard error)

Under 65 years:

Private ............................................. 100.0 42.4 (0.56) 57.6 (0.56)

Medicaid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 57.9 (1.31) 42.1 (1.31)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 55.7 (1.92) 44.3 (1.92)

Uninsured ........................................... 100.0 45.1 (0.93) 54.9 (0.93)

65 years and over:

Private ............................................. 100.0 11.0 (0.74) 89.0 (0.74)

Medicare and Medicaid .................................. 100.0 20.0 (2.29) 80.0 (2.29)

Medicare only ........................................ 100.0 12.8 (0.92) 87.2 (0.92)

Other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 20.9 (2.64) 79.1 (2.64)

Uninsured ........................................... 100.0 28.5 (7.62) 71.5 (7.62)

Marital status

Married .............................................. 100.0 37.8 (0.57) 62.2 (0.57)

Widowed ............................................. 100.0 15.4 (0.88) 84.6 (0.88)

Divorced or separated..................................... 100.0 48.8 (0.92) 51.2 (0.92)

Never married.......................................... 100.0 40.3 (0.83) 59.7 (0.83)

Living with a partner ...................................... 100.0 58.3 (1.45) 41.7 (1.45)

Place of residence12

Large MSA ........................................... 100.0 43.5 (0.57) 56.5 (0.57)

Small MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 37.3 (0.78) 62.7 (0.78)

Not in MSA ........................................... 100.0 31.9 (1.15) 68.1 (1.15)

Region

Northeast ............................................ 100.0 39.7 (0.99) 60.3 (0.99)

Midwest ............................................. 100.0 34.7 (0.93) 65.3 (0.93)

South ............................................... 100.0 41.9 (0.74) 58.1 (0.74)

West ............................................... 100.0 41.3 (0.80) 58.7 (0.80)

Hispanic or Latino origin6

, race, and sex

Hispanic or Latino, male ................................... 100.0 36.8 (1.25) 63.2 (1.25)

Hispanic or Latina, female .................................. 100.0 51.9 (1.24) 48.1 (1.24)

Not Hispanic or Latino:

White, single race, male .................................. 100.0 32.5 (0.73) 67.5 (0.73)

White, single race, female ................................. 100.0 38.2 (0.68) 61.8 (0.68)

Black or African American, single race, male ..................... 100.0 56.6 (1.61) 43.4 (1.61)

Black or African American, single race, female .................... 100.0 62.4 (1.24) 37.6 (1.24)

1

Based on a survey question that asked respondents, ‘‘Have you ever been tested for HIV?’’ Note that this question is different from the 1999 version, ‘‘Have you ever had your blood tested for the 

AIDS virus infection?’’ HIV is human immunodeficiency virus. Any HIV test as part of a blood donation is not included. 

2

Unknowns for the columns were not included in the denominators when calculating percentages (see Appendix I). The numbers in this table are rounded. 3

Includes other races not shown separately and persons with unknown education, family income, poverty status, health insurance, and marital status characteristics. 4

In accordance with the 1997 standards for federal data on race and Hispanic or Latino origin (see Appendix II), the category ‘‘One race’’ refers to persons who indicated only a single race 

group.Persons who indicated a single race other than the groups shown are included in the total for ‘‘One race’’ but are not shown separately due to small sample sizes. Therefore, the frequencies for 

the category ‘‘One race’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific groups shown separately. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races.The 

tables in this report use the current (1997) Office of Management and Budget race and Hispanic origin terms, and the text uses shorter versions of these terms for conciseness. For example, the 

category ‘‘One race, Black or African American’’ in the tables is referred to as ‘‘black persons’’ in the text. 5

Refers to all persons who indicated more than one race group.Only two combinations of multiple race groups are shown due to small sample sizes for other combinations. Therefore, the frequencies 

for the category ‘‘Two or more races’’ will be greater than the sum of the frequencies for the specific combinations shown separately. 

6

Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Similarly, the category ‘‘Not Hispanic or Latino’’ refers to all persons who are not of Hispanic or Latino origin, 

regardless of race. 7

Shown only for persons aged 25 years and over. 8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma. 9

The categories ‘‘Less than $35,000’’ and ‘‘$35,000 or more’’ include both persons reporting dollar amounts and persons reporting only that their incomes were within one of these two categories (see 

Appendix I). The indented categories include only those persons who reported dollar amounts. Because of the different income questions used in 2007 and beyond, income estimates may not be 

comparable with those from earlier years. 10Based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty thresholds for the previous calendar year. ‘‘Poor’’ persons are defined as below the poverty threshold.Near poor’’ 

persons have incomes of 100% to less than 200% of the poverty threshold. ‘‘Not poor’’ persons have incomes that are 200% of the poverty threshold or greater. Because of the different income 

questions used in 2007 and beyond, poverty ratio estimates may not be comparable with those from earlier years. 11Based on a hierarchy of mutually exclusive categories. Persons with more than one type of health insurance were assigned to the first appropriate category in the hierarchy. Persons under age 65 

years and those aged 65 years and over were classified separately due to the predominance of Medicare coverage in the older population. The category ‘‘Private’’ includes persons who had any type 

of private coverage either alone or in combination with other coverage. For example, for persons aged 65 years and over, ‘‘Private’’ includes persons with only private coverage or private in 

combination with Medicare coverage. The category ‘‘Uninsured’’ includes persons who had no coverage as well as those who had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that 

paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care (see Appendix II). 

12MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Large MSAs have a population size of 1 million or more; small MSAs have a population size of less than 1 million. ‘‘Not in MSA’’ consists of persons not living in 

a metropolitan statistical area. 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 41.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
Vital and Health Statistics

Series Descriptions

ACTIVE SERIES

Series 1.	 Programs and Collection Procedures—This type of report

describes the data collection programs of the National Center

for Health Statistics. Series 1 includes descriptions of the

methods used to collect and process the data, definitions, and

other material necessary for understanding the data.

Series 2.	 Data Evaluation and Methods Research—This type of

report concerns statistical methods and includes analytical

techniques, objective evaluations of reliability of collected

data, and contributions to statistical theory. Also included are

experimental tests of new survey methods, comparisons of

U.S. methodologies with those of other countries, and as of

2009, studies of cognition and survey measurement, and final

reports of major committees concerning vital and health

statistics measurement and methods.

Series 3.	 Analytical and Epidemiological Studies—This type of

report presents analytical or interpretive studies based on vital

and health statistics. As of 2009, Series 3 also includes

studies based on surveys that are not part of continuing data

systems of the National Center for Health Statistics and

international vital and health statistics reports.

Series 10.	 Data From the National Health Interview Survey—This

type of report contains statistics on illness; unintentional

injuries; disability; use of hospital, medical, and other health

services; and a wide range of special current health topics

covering many aspects of health behaviors, health status, and

health care utilization. Series 10 is based on data collected in

this continuing national household interview survey.

Series 11.	 Data From the National Health Examination Survey, the

National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, and

the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey—

In this type of report, data from direct examination, testing,

and measurement on representative samples of the civilian

noninstitutionalized population provide the basis for (1)

medically defined total prevalence of specific diseases or

conditions in the United States and the distributions of the

population with respect to physical, physiological, and

psychological characteristics, and (2) analyses of trends and

relationships among various measurements and between

survey periods.

Series 13.	 Data From the National Health Care Survey—This type of

report contains statistics on health resources and the public’s

use of health care resources including ambulatory, hospital,

and long-term care services based on data collected directly

from health care providers and provider records.

Series 20.	 Data on Mortality—This type of report contains statistics on

mortality that are not included in regular, annual, or monthly

reports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, other

demographic variables, and geographic and trend analyses

are included.

Series 21.	 Data on Natality, Marriage, and Divorce—This type of

report contains statistics on natality, marriage, and divorce

that are not included in regular, annual, or monthly reports.

Special analyses by health and demographic variables and

geographic and trend analyses are included.

Series 23.	 Data From the National Survey of Family Growth—These

reports contain statistics on factors that affect birth rates,

including contraception and infertility; factors affecting the

formation and dissolution of families, including cohabitation,

marriage, divorce, and remarriage; and behavior related to

the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

These statistics are based on national surveys of women and

men of childbearing age.

DISCONTINUED SERIES

Series 4.	 Documents and Committee Reports—These are final

reports of major committees concerned with vital and health

statistics and documents. The last Series 4 report was

published in 2002. As of 2009, this type of report is included

in Series 2 or another appropriate series, depending on the

report topic.

Series 5.	 International Vital and Health Statistics Reports—This

type of report compares U.S. vital and health statistics with

those of other countries or presents other international data of

relevance to the health statistics system of the United States.

The last Series 5 report was published in 2003. As of 2009,

this type of report is included in Series 3 or another series,

depending on the report topic.

Series 6.	 Cognition and Survey Measurement—This type of report

uses methods of cognitive science to design, evaluate, and

test survey instruments. The last Series 6 report was

published in 1999. As of 2009, this type of report is included

in Series 2.

Series 12.	 Data From the Institutionalized Population Surveys—

The last Series 12 report was published in 1974. Reports

from these surveys are included in Series 13.

Series 14.	 Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Facilities—

The last Series 14 report was published in 1989. Reports on

health resources are included in Series 13.

Series 15.	 Data From Special Surveys—This type of report contains

statistics on health and health-related topics collected in

special surveys that are not part of the continuing data

systems of the National Center for Health Statistics. The last

Series 15 report was published in 2002. As of 2009, reports

based on these surveys are included in Series 3.

Series 16.	 Compilations of Advance Data From Vital and Health

Statistics—The last Series 16 report was published in 1996.

All reports are available online, and so compilations of

Advance Data reports are no longer needed.

Series 22.	 Data From the National Mortality and Natality Surveys—

The last Series 22 report was published in 1973. Reports

from these sample surveys, based on vital records, are

published in Series 20 or 21.

Series 24.	 Compilations of Data on Natality, Mortality, Marriage, and

Divorce—The last Series 24 report was published in 1996.

All reports are available online, and so compilations of reports

are no longer needed.

For answers to questions about this report or for a list of reports published

in these series, contact:

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DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2012–1580, Series 10, No. 252