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# 19 ) II-I-6 8 Docket Number: 

# A-90-1 9

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# A-90-1 9 n-i-68



# Annua l Petrochemica l Report , Abou t thi s issue.. . ; Worldwid e ethylen e capacit ysho tu p las tyea ri n respons e t o soli d ! 

### deman d fo rolefin s derivatives
. Accordin g t o th e Journal' s exclusiv e |
. -surve yo fworldwid e petrochemica l plants , muc h o fth e capacit y I increas e occurre d i n th e US. Bu tcapacity-expansio n plan s Indicat e \ rapi d growt h wil l als o occu ri n th e Fa rEas tan d Mi d Eas

tregions
. I - Detail s o fexistin g an d planne d capacit yar e give n i n thi s specia l : report , alon g wit h capacit yan d deman d fo rbenzen e an d styrene , | tw o importan t petrochemical s o n th e worl d scene . Anothe rarticl e i n

- thi s specia l sectio n focuse s o n th e Mi d East
. / • •^<4 ~ r ^ „ ^C' 5 

### V /


# Derivative deman d pushe s ethylen e capacit

yu p Richar d A
. Corbet t Refining/Petrochemica l Edito r Worldwid e ethylen e capacit ygre wmor e i n 198 8 tha n durin g an yothe ryea rdurin g th e decade , i n respons e t o soli d olefin s derivative s demand , ac cordin g t o th e Journal' s latest surveyo fworldwid e petrochemica l facilities
. Ethylen e capacit ysoare d 6.6 % abov e las

t year' s capacity Hig h deman d fo rolefins~derivative s ha s booste d bot h deman d an d price s fo rbasi colefin s (ethylen e an d propylene ) an d ha s kep tpetrochem ica l facilitie s runnin g a t hig h utilizatio n raTes
. / Profitabilit yi s th e best i t ha s bee n durin g th e decade
. I S I 

### Th e hig h demand , hig h plan t utilization , an d goo d profit s have spurre d numerou s announce ments fo rmore ethylen e capacityworldwide , particularl yi n th e U.S. , th e Mi d East , an d th e Fa r East
. Unfortunately , th e brigh tpictur e i n th e petro - ,V
. chemica l industr

yma ydi m som e whe n thesep- ' project s com e o n strea m durin g th e earl y1990s
. Derivativ e deman d i s als o pushin g deman d foraromatic s suc h a

s benzene
. Ih e benzen e surplu s i s rapidl ydisappearing , resultin g i n th e nee d fo rhighe rplan tutilizatio n rates an d rising
. benzen e prices
. On e keyderivativ e o fbot h ethylen e an d benzen e i s styren e monomer . Its deman d was u p durin g 1988 , forcin g styren e plan tutilizatio n t o 100 % worldwide ? " Ethylen e capacit ysoars . Worldwid e ethylen e capacitysoare d t o 51,972,00 0 metri ctons/yea ra s o fJun e 1,1989 , fro m 48,766,00 0 metri ctons/yea r a s o fJun e 1 , 198 8 (Tabl e 1)
.

OC J SPECIA L Sep

t 4,1989 , Oi l &Ca

s (ouma l 5 3

### P. 3



# Source s o fbenzen e Fig . I

196 8 Source : DeW m & Co . 196 9 |HD A 199 0

•neiorrrm 199 1 199 2

•Etttytar

wE J Co * 199 3 OQ j 

# Ethylen e capacit yb ycountry '

AI M Nort h Americ a U.S . Canad a Tot * Lati n Americ a Argentin a Bolivi a Brazi l Chil e Colombi a Mexic o Puert o Ric o Venezuel a Tota l Europ e Austri a Belgiu m Finlan d Franc e "•Ves t German y Greec e Ital y Th e Netherland s Norwa y Portuga l Spai n Swede n Switzerlan d U.K . M M Asia/Pacifi c Australi a Indi a Japa n Kore a Singapor e Taiwa n Tota l Othe r Algeri a Hurtgary Ira n Israe l Qata r Saud i Arabi a Sout h Afric a Syri a Turke y Tata l Wort t Tota l Tabt e 1
1.00 0 metri c 191 7 16,82 0 2,20 0 

## Ht t 25 4 23 0 1.46 1 6 0 '1 5 ?3 2 41 3 15 0 331 5 32 0 52 0 20 0 2,40 0 3.79 0 1 5 1.48 5 2.28 5 39 0 30 0 96 6 36 5 3 0 1,84 5 1431 1 42 0 25 6 5.35 7 50 5 30 0 95 3 7,7* 1 36 4 2 6 13 0 28 0 1.61 1 15 0 35 5 2,91 6 48.29 5 teas/yea r 16,98 5 2,35 8 1934 3 25 5 23 0 1.50 2 6 0 20 0 93 2 41 3 15 0 3.74 * 32 0 52 0 23 0 2,43 5 3.79 0 1 5 1.84 5 2.32 5 39 0 30 0 96 6 35 5 3 0 1.94 5 15,49 6 42 0 25 6 4.29 5 50 5 30 0 95 3 6.72 9 36 4 25 0 2 6 13 0 28 0 1.61 1 22 0 25 0 35 5 3,49 6 48.76 8 1969

19,61 6 2,40 7 22,02 3 26 2 23 0 1.57 3 6 0 21 5 93 2 41 3 15 0 333 9 

# ff g 23 0 2.45 5 3.79 0 1 5 1.84 5 2,36 0 39 0 30 0 

### 980 37 0 3 0 1.97 5 15.59 0 45 5 25 7 4.45 8 50 5 30 0 95 3 6,92 8 36 4 25 0 2 6 13 0 30 0 1.61 1 32 0 25 0 35 5 3,60 6 51,97 2 •A s o fJun e 1 , 1989 . Ai l region s o fth e worl d score d ca pacit ygains , wit h Nort h Americ a th e highes t wit h a gai n o f2,680,00 0 met ri ctons/year-almos t ai l o i tha i I n th e U.S
. U.S
. ethylen e capacit yjumpe d mor e tha n 15 % t o 19,616,00 0 metri c tons/yea rfro m 16,985,00 0 metri c tons/yea rlast year . Th e U.S
. no wha s 37.7 % o fth e globa l ethylen e capaci ty
. Muc h o fth e capacit ygai n i n U.S
. wa s accomplishe d b yincreasin g capacit yo fexistin g plant s throug h debottleneckin g an d modernizatio n projects
. Bu t a substantia l boos t i n U.S
. capacity , 1,830,00 0 metri ctons / year , wa s a resul t o fth e restar t<> i I tow Chemica l Co.' s Midland , M KI I ities
. Th e Asia-Pacifi cregio n an d th e Mi d Eas t als o score d health s pacit y gain s ove rlast year . Th e As i regio n booste d capacit yt o 6 metri ctons/yea rfro m 6,729,00 0 las t year , an d Mi d Eas

t capacit yros e t o 3,606,00 0 metri ctons/yea rfro m 3,486,00 0 last year . Th e capacit ygai n i n th e Mi d East , althoug h healthy , ha

s no t increase d enoug h t o threate n ethylen e pr o er s i n othe rpart s o fth e world , par t i t u larl yWester n Europe , a s wa s though t durin g th e mid-1980s , despit e th e re gion' s larg e amount s o fassociate d gas fo rolefin s plan t feed
. Wester n Europe , a regio n th.i t fere d muc h exces s capacit s durin g th a middl e 1980s , booste d capacityu> 15,580,00 0 metri ctons/yea rfro m 15,466,00 0 last year . Th e gai n i n capacit ywa s distribute d evenl y amon g th e countrie s o fth e region
. Capacit yt o surge . Ethylen e capaci t ywil l gro wconsiderabl yi n th e U.S. , th e Mi d East , an d th e Fa rEas t b \ 1993
. Estimate s indicat e thatworl d wid e capacit ywil l reac h mor e tha n 16,400,00 0 metri ctons/yea rbyth a en d o f1993. ' Announce d capacit yexpansio n th e U.S
. wil l ad d abou t 6,900,00 0 metri ctons/yea rt o curren t capacityb y 199 3 i fthe yal l com e o n strea m a s schedule d (Tabl e 3)
. Announce d add i tion s fo rth e Fa rEas

t an d Mi d Eas i wil l boos t capacit yi n thos e region s by abou t 9,600,00 0 metri ctons/yea rb y 1993
. Announce d expansion s i n th e U.S
. amoun t t o mor e tha n . i 34 % in cn ove rcurren t capacity
. U.S
. growt h i n ethylen e deman d i s onl yexpecte d t o ris e abou t 3.5 % year . Obviously , ex cess capacit yi s likel ydurin g th e earl y 1990s
. Ethylen e demand , spurre d b yhigh e rderivative s demand , wil l b e bette r fo rth e Fa rEas

t wit h a deman d growt h o fabou t 5%/year
. Bu t announce d <i h ylen e capacit yexpansion s ther e tota l
5 4 Oil * Ga s Journal , Se p 4,198 9 OG J SPECIA LP. 4



# Installe d ethylen e capacity : 1989 * (continued ) Tabl e 2 (continued) !
Capacity , 1,00 0 aetri c tadtorn/year tiartl Capacity , 1^*0 0 -aetri c Coprottoct

t tontytar' Compan y aACXbO O Capccrty , IJOOMtri c read Capacrty , 1,00 0 Mtri c Coprohct t to&^ttrf NORWA Y l/SNorety l TOTUSAi Companhi a Naciona l d e Peroquimic a

fUERTO RB O Unio n Carbid e Carib e Inc . M T M Qata rPetrochemica l

aVUflUMU U Saud i Petro chemica l Co . Arabia n Pet rochemica l Co . Saud i Yanb u Petrcchem . Co . SatdiAnL-iilabj l SMtLAPORE Singapore Petro chemica l SOUTH AFHCA SssolUd . SPAI N Do w Repso ! Petrole o S.A . Spai n Ha l SWEDEN Statoi l Petro chemieA/ B Raine s

Sine s

Ponce

Um m Sai d

Al-Jubai l Al-Jubai l Yanb u

Singapore
Sasolburg Tarragon a Puertollan o Tarragon a
Stenungsu n 39 0 NG L Propylen e

30 0 IPG. N Propylen e

Butadien e Pyga s Fue l oil s
41 3 N.LP G Propylen e
30 0E

65 6 E 50 0E 45 5 E 1,61 1 Propylen e

Butadien e Pyga s 70

15 0 4 0 22 0 3 6

22 7
6 5 1 5 SWTTZIRLAN

D Lonza ,A.G . mt u ^General Fertilize r TAIWA N Chinese Petro . Corp . Chin a Petrochemica l Developmen t Corp . Taiwa n tota l TURKE Y Yarpe t Yarimea Petrokimy a A.S . Vs p

Kattene h
Koahsiun g Toute n

tonit 3 0 N.LP G Acetylen e

25 0E

30 0 IPG. N Propylen e 3 2 0Syn . ga s 3 5 0N Propylen e

Butadien e Pyga s 24 0 N, R Propylen e 39 0 LPG. N Propylen e Izmi r

Tefke ytota l UNITE D KINGDO

M B P Chemical s Bagla n Ba y Grangemout h ICI/B PWilton Exxo n Chemica l Olefin s Inc . U Xtota l

3 7 0N, P

mor e tha n 4,200,00 0 metri ctons/yea r b y1993 , meanin g tha t som e ove r capacit ywil l exis t i n th e Fa rEas t also
. A s derivative s productio n capability" 1 i n th e Fa rEas

t increases , derivativ e export s fro m th e U.S
. wil l likel yde cline
. Lowe rU.S
. export s coul d fur the rexacerbat e a n ethylen e over-ca pacit ysituatio n becaus e th e U.S
. doe s no t currentl yexpor t ethylene , onl yit s derivatives
. Ther e i s som e optimis m show n b y U.S
. ethylen e producers , however
. Som e hav e sai d tha t man yo fth e announce d project s ma yno t b e com plete d o n tim e becaus e o flonge rplan t equipmen t lea d time s an d bus yfabri catin g facilities
. An d a s th e 1990 s approach , som e producer s ma yscal e dow n expansio n plans
. I fsom e o fth e announce d expan sion s ar e delaye d as littl e as 2 years , an d i fcapacit yi s les s tha n an 6 0 Oi l &Ga s Journal , Sep t 4,198 9 OC ) SPECIA L Propylen e Pyga s Fue loil s 13 0

5 0 30 0 16 0 18 0

18 0 13 0 4 0 ffNEZUEU

Pequive n WORL D TOTA L *(A s o fJun e 1,1989 ) Fawte

y Fife
E lTablaz o 89 9N,

G 5 4 E 85 3
5 5N • 30 0N
35 3 35 0N 27 0 75 0N, P 105N. G 50 0E . . 1,97 5 15 0E, P Propylen e

Butadien e 47 7

12 8

Propylen e Pyga s Fue l oil s Propylen e C Pyga s Fue l oil s 4

0 6 7 13 8 8 0 25 0 3 8
Propylen e Butadien e Propylen e Butadien e Propylen e Butadien e Propylen e Butadien e

Propylen e 20 0

6 0 18 0 4 8 35 0 9 0 10 0

3 5
31,97 2 •Key : E - ethane , P » propane , 8 « butane , R •refinerystreams , N - naphtha , G « ga s oil , L H - ligh t hydrocarbons , NG L - natura l ga s liquid s (ethane , propane , butane) , LP G - liquefie d petroleu m gas (propane , butane) . EtO H - ethano l i Coproduct productio n i s onl yestimate d o rdesig n quality . Actua l productio n ca n nr ywidel y dependin g o n feedstoc k slate , severity , etc .



# J '

S 

# Wher e benzen e goe s Fig - 2

198 8 Source : DeWir

t & Co . 198 9

Suppl y 199 0 199 1 199 2 199 3

I OtherO Cyclohexane Q Cument/prtano l L"Z 3 EB/t1yr»n e OO

JP. 5

Tabl e 3 

# Som e ofth e majo rethylen e projects planne d
Compan y Capacit yexpansio n 1,00 0 metri c tons/year Estimate d start dat e U.S . Amoc o Chemica l Co . Cai n Chemica l Co . Chevro n Chemica l Co . Do wChemica l Co . Exxo n Chemica l Co . Formos a Plastic s Grou p Lyondel l Petrochemica l Co . Mobi l Chemica l Co . Phillip s 6 6 Co . Quantu m Chemica l Corp . Shel l Chemica l Co . Texac o Chemica l Co. * Unio n Carbid e Corp. * Unio n Texa s Petroleu m Corp . Vist a Chemica l Co . Westlak e Petrochemical s Corp . Total estimate d U.S . addition s SOUT H KORE

A Daeli m Yukon g Lucky Other s (6 ) TAIWA N Chin a Petroleu m Formos a Plastic s THAILAN D Tha i Nationa l Petrochemica l Co . Tha i Nationa l Petrochemica l Co . JAPAN Restart s Ne wcracke r INDI A Nagothan e Madra s INDONESI A Severa l studie s MAYLASI A Severa l contender s CHIN A Shangha i AUSTRALI A Petroche m Ind . Ltd . EGYP T Egyptia n Petrochemica l Co . IRA N Nationa l Petrochemica l Co . IRAQ Ira q Petrochemica l Co . KUWAI T Kuwai t Petrochemica l Co . NIGERI A Elemen t Petrochemica l Co . SAUD I ARABI A Sabic/Shel l Petrokemy a Sabic/Mobi l Total Fa rEast an d Mi d East S 680. 3 453. 5 90. 7 680. 3 453. 5 680. 3 272. 1 453. 5 680. 3 680. 3 453. 5 181. 4 226. 8 181. 4 181. 4 453. 5 6,802. 8 300. 0 400. 0 350. 0 1,300. 0 400. 0 400. 0 315. 0 315. 0 445. 0 400. 0 300. 0 300. 0 300. 0 300. 0 300. 0 145. 0 200. 0 490. 0 600. 0 285. 0 400.0 0 300. 0 500.6
. 500. 0 9,545. 0 199 3

199 3 198 9 199 2 199 0 199 2 198 9
199 1 199 1 199 1 198 9 198 9 199 0 199 0 199 1

198 9 198 9 199 2 199 5 199 2 ? 199 0 199 5 199 2 199 3 199 0 199 1 199 3 199 3 199 0 199 1 199 1 199 3 199 3

199 2 199 0 199 3 199 3 

### • o >

•Restart s o

fexistin g facilities . Source : DeWit t & Co . Curren t a s ofJun e 1 , 1989 . nounced , ethylen e deman d coul d ris e enoug h t o eas e an yexces s capacity , accordin g t o som e producers
. I n an y event , th e brigh t condition s i n th e petrochemica l industrymaylikel ydi m b vthpparl v199ns . " Benzen e surplu s dwindling . Olefin s an d aromatic s derivative s deman d i s causin g heavie rdeman d fo rbenzene
. As a result , surplu s benzen e capacit y i s beginnin g t o disappea rrapidly. 2 Benzen e i s produce d primaril yi n hydrode a Ikylatio n (HDA ) units , dis proportionatio n units , catalyti cre formers , ethylen e furnaces , an d fro m coal-processin g facilitie s (Fig
. 1)
. Th e petrochemica l sources , HD Aan d dis proportionatio n units , reformers , an d ethylen e plants , accoun t fo ralmos t al l o fth e benzen e produce d worldwide
. Nameplat e capacit yt o produc e benzen e fro m al l source s wa s abou t 27. 6 millio n metri ctons/yea ri n 198 8 an d i s expecte d t o gro wt o abou t 30. 9 mijlo n metri ctons/vea rb v1993
. Bu t al l o fth e nameplat e capacit ycanno t b e utilize d fo rbenzen e productio n becaus e o fth e characteristic s o fth e feedstocks processe d i n reformer s an d ethylen e furnace s an d becaus e o futi lizatio n rate s achieve d i n HD Aunits
. Thes e constraint s resul t i n curren t actuaTBenzen e productio n capacit yat abou t 75-8U"/

o o t nameplat e capacity, " o rabou t 15

millio n metri ctons/yea r globally
. Benzen e deman d wa s esti - \\ 0 mate d at abou t 2 4 millio n metri ctons / 0 yea ri n 1988." " Tha t i s expecte d t o gro wt o abou t 3 1 millio n metri ctons / yea rb vi«n»
. Amajo rderivativ e o fbenzen e i s ethylbenzene , th e basi ccomponen t o f styren e monomer . Othe ruse s includ e cumen e an d pheno l production , cy clohexan e production , an d othe r widel yvaryin g uses . Ethylbenzen e consume d abou t 1 2 millio n metri ctons/yea ro fbenzene , cumene/pheno l abou t 4. 5 millio n metri ctons/year , cyclohexan e abou t 4 millio n metri ctons , an d othe ruse s abou t 3. 5 millio n metri ctons/yea r (Fig
. 2)
. Thes e uses equaled , o rslight l yexceeded , actua l benzen e produc tio n capacit ydurin g 1988
. Globa l deman d fo rethylbenzene / styren e monome ri s expecte d t o gro w b y37 % b y1993 , cumene/pheno l b y 24% , cyclohexan e b y19% , an d othe r uses b yabou t 10% / U.S
. benzen e deman d i n 198 8 wa s about~8. 9 millio n metri ctons/year
. Capacit ywa s slightl ymor e a t abou t l ymillio n metri ctons/yea r(hg
. J). 2 LQ>
. deman d i s expecte d t o gro wt o ^ ^ abou t 11. 7 millio n metri cton s b y® 1993
. compare d t o a n expecte d ben zen e capacit yo fabou t1 1 millio n metri ctons/vear
. Styren e monomer . Styren e mono me rhas becom e on e o fth e mos t 

### •VO C ) SPECIA L Sept 4,1989 , Oi l & Ca s Journa l 6 1P. 6



### :.' I i 

### •- . *

Tabl e 4



# Estimate d worl d styren e capacity , 198 9
Estimate d capacit y Produce r1,00 0 metri c tons/yea r U.S . Amoc o Chemica l Co. , Texa s City , Tex . ARCO , Channelview , Tex . ARCO , Kobuta , Pa . Chevro n Chemica l Co. , Oonaldsonville , La . Cosma rChemicals , Carville , La . Do wChemica l Co. , Freeport , Tex . E l Pas o Product s Co. , Odessa , Tex . Huntsma n Petrochemica l Co. , Bayport , Tex . Sterlin g Chemica l Co. , Texa s City , Tex . Tota l U.S . CANAD A Do wChemica l Canad a Inc. , Samia , Ont . Polysa rLtd. , Sarnia , Ont . Shel l Canad a Ltd. , Scottord , Alta . Tota l Canad a WESTER N EUROP E Atochem , Gonfreville , Franc e Atochem . Lacq , Franc e B P Chemical s Ltd. , Bagla n Bay , U.K . BAS F AG , Ludwigshafen , Wes t German y BAS F AG , Wesseling , Wes t German y Do wChemica l (Nederland ) BV , Terneuzen , Th e Netherland s Enimont , Ravenna , Ital y Enimont , Mantua , Ital y HOIs , Marl , Wes t German y Norsolor , Car l ing , Wes t German y Repsol , Puertollano , Spai n Shel l Nederlan d Chemi e BV , Moerdijk , Th e Netherland s Tota l Wester n Europ e OTHE R REGION S Japa n Taiwa n Korea Chin a Lati n Americ a Other s Tota l othe rregion s Tota l worl d


# U.S
. benzen e capacity/deman d
17*>i

I 198 6 ^Source : DeWitt 8 Co . 198 9

' Suppl y 34 5 63 0 10 0 27 0 68 0 59 0 14 5 45 0 68 0 3,69 0 6 5 36 5 36 0 79 0 25 0 2 5 22 0 50 0 38 0 77 0 4 5 28 0
• 25 0 30 0 11 0 32 0 3,45 0 1,78 5 34 0 23 0 20 0 56 0 1,80 5 4,92 0 13,05 0 Source : BAS F A G an d Gran d Pacifi c Petrochemica l Corp. , Jun e 1 , 1989 .
Fig . 3

199 0 199 1 199 2 199 3 I Othe rC D Cyeloheium e O Cumene/pheno l L J EB'ftyren e QG J 

### importan tpetrochemica l derivative s during th e las

t2 years . It

s pric e ha

s firmed , an d its deman d i s up. 3 

### Tota l globa l styren e monome rca pacityb ymid-198 9 was estimate d a t abou t13,050,00 0 metri ctons/yea r (Tabl e 4)
. Th e U.S
. an d Western Eu rop e were a

tabou tequa l capacity , wit h U.S
. capacit ya tabou t 3,890,00 0 metri ctons/year , an d Western Europ e capacitya tabou t 3,450,00 0 metri ctons/year
. Japan , wit h 198 8 capacitya tabou t 1,785,00 0 metri ctons/year , rank s third
. Stron g deman d ha

s resulte d i n hig h styren e plan tutilizatio n rates through ou tth e world
. Plant

s ar e runnin g a

t 100 % worldwide. 3 

### U.S
. deman d ra n a

tabou t3. 9 mil lio n metri ctons/yea ri n 1988 , wit h plants runnin g a

tabou t97 % utiliza tion
. Western Europea n plants were run nin g a tabou t102 % utilizatio n durin g 198 8 t o mee

tth e region' s styren e deman d o fabou t3.45 millio n metri c tons/year
. Deman d i n Japan ra n abou t1. 6 millio n metri ctons/yea rdurin g 1988
. Styren e plan tutilizatio n rates there ra n a tabou t95.2%
. Globa l styren e deman d i s expecte d t o ris e 3%/yea rt o 199 3 whe n deman d i s expecte d t o b e abou t14. 1 millio n metri ctons/year. 3 

### Bu tgloba l capacity increases o fabou t6.4%/yea rbythe n wil l rais e capacityt o abou t1 7 millio n metri ctons/year
. A s a result , utilizatio n rates wil l begi n t o fal l slightl yfro m 98.7 % i n lat e 1989 , t o abou t82.8 % i n 1993
. J Th e highestincreases i n deman d wil l occu ri n th e fa rEast
. Th e lowest increases wil l occu ri n th e U.S
. an d Western Europe
. Abou t700,00 0 metri cton s o fstyren e monome rwere exporte d t o th e FarEas ti n 1988. 3 

### Althoug h thi s i s expecte d t o dro p t o abou t550,00 0 metri cton s i n 1992 , th e regio n wil l stil l b e a hotexpor

tmarket
. Th e U.S
. an d Canada wil l continu e t o produc e a larg e surplu s o fstyren e monome rwhere abou t300,00 0 metri cton s fro m eac h countr ywil l fin d its wayint o expor

tmarket s i n th e Fa

r East. 3 

### Canad a wil l likel yincreas e exports t o th e U.S
. a

s a resul to fth e recen trelaxe d trad e policie s wit h th e U.S
. Reference s 1 . Armstrong . Ear l H. , DeWit t & Co , Inc. , "Worl d Ethylene- AHo t Topic, " 198 9 Petrochemica l Review , DeWir t & Co. , Inc. . Mar . 28-30 , 1989 , Houston . 2 . Barry , Willia m P. , DeWit t & Co . Inc. , "Capacit y t o Consum e Benzen e Creepin g U p o n Capacit y t o Supply, " 198 9 Petrochemica l Review , DeWit t &Co . Inc. , Mar . 28-30 , 1989 , Hous ton . 3 . Dimpfel , Klaus , W. , BASF , AC , "Styrene- A Worl d Product, " 198 9 Petrochemica l Review ,

- — DeWit l &

Co. , Mar . 28-30 , 1989 , Houston . 6 4 Oi l & Ga s Journal . Sept 4,198 9 OG J SPECIA L