SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY

APPELLATE DIVISION

DOCKET NO. A-3502-15T4

SCOTT C. FREEMAN, d/b/a

FREEMAN RENOVATION SERVICES,

Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

ST. CLAIR KITCHEN & HOME,

L.L.C. and DANIEL WOLTAG,

Defendants-Appellants,

and

HENRY WOLTAG,

Defendant.

____________________________

Submitted March 9, 2017 – Decided May 15, 2017

Before Judges O'Connor and Whipple.

On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, 

Law Division, Essex County, Docket No. DC-419-

15.

Skolnick Legal Group, P.C., attorneys for 

appellants (Martin P. Skolnick, of counsel; 

Mr. Skolnick and John E. Icklan, on the 

briefs).

Arthur G. Nevins, Jr., attorney for 

respondent.

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE

APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION

This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." 

Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the 

parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
2 A-3502-15T4

PER CURIAM

Defendants, St. Clair Kitchen & Home, L.L.C. (St. Clair) and 

Daniel Woltag,1 appeal from the February 19, and April 1, 2016 

orders denying their motion to vacate default judgments against 

them and denying reconsideration of the motion.2 For the reasons 

that follow, we reverse.

Plaintiff Scott C. Freeman filed a complaint against 

defendants in January 2015, asserting they violated an agreement 

for renovation services. After retaining counsel, plaintiff filed 

an amended complaint in April 2015. The amended complaint alleged 

defendant St. Clair owed plaintiff $9305 for labor and services 

pursuant to their agreement, and claimed Mr. Woltag, who owned the 

building being renovated, was unjustly enriched and was liable for 

this amount as well. Defendants filed an answer and counterclaim

on July 6, 2015. 

At a September 9, 2015 hearing, the judge set a trial date 

of October 19, 2015. Only defendants' counsel, not defendants, 

 

1 In its brief, plaintiff indicates Daniel Woltag is not a party 

to this appeal; however, his name appears on the Notice of Appeal, 

and defendants' brief includes Mr. Woltag as an appellant. 

Therefore, we have included Mr. Woltag in this opinion.

2 Plaintiff initially included Henry Woltag as a defendant; 

however, the case was dismissed as to Henry Woltag, as he is 

deceased.
3 A-3502-15T4

was present at that hearing. On September 18, 2015, a second

judge issued an order disqualifying defendants' counsel.3 

Defendants' counsel informed Ms. J. Antoinette Hughes 

Frasier, principal for St. Clair, of the October 19, 2015 trial 

date and informed her defendant would need a new attorney. Counsel 

also advised Mr. Woltag about his disqualification and the new 

trial date via email on October 1, 2015. In the email, counsel 

noted, "I have not received any official notification as to a new 

date. I have attached the case detail from the court's website 

and it indicates the case has been 'disposed.' I don't know why 

it says this." 

Ms. Frasier went to the courthouse on October 14, 2015, to 

confirm the trial date. A court representative told Ms. Frasier 

there was no information about the case, and the order to withdraw

counsel had not been entered. Mr. Woltag called the courthouse 

on October 16, 2015, and a representative told him there was no 

trial date scheduled. The representative suggested calling the 

judge's chambers, but disqualified counsel told defendants not to 

do so. Neither Ms. Frasier nor Mr. Woltag appeared on October 19, 

2015.

 

3 Plaintiff moved for counsel's disqualification based on Rule

3.7 of the Rules of Professional Conduct, as he had helped 

negotiate the agreement and may have been needed as a witness.
4 A-3502-15T4

Plaintiff's counsel appeared on October 19, 2015, before the 

first judge who previously conducted the September 9 hearing. 

Plaintiff's counsel told the court, 

The defendants have never appeared by notice 

. . . of appearance by new counsel, and in 

spite of the number of contacts from my office 

as a reminder and in spite of the order signed 

. . . on September 18th, disqualifying 

[defendants' attorney] as counsel . . . . So 

he definitely knew it was on. 

However, defendants submitted certifications attesting plaintiff 

only attempted to contact them one time about the hearing by

leaving a phone message reminding defendants to find new counsel. 

Plaintiff moved for entry of default against defendants and 

dismissal of defendants' counterclaims. The matter appeared on 

the judge's schedule but not on the court's schedule. Before 

entering default against defendants, the judge stated the 

following:

I will point out to you, though, that in our 

computer system the case is not listed for 

trial for today. And I think it could be 

because of the motions that were pending. So 

my concern is that at some point there's going 

to be a motion filed to vacate whatever 

judgment gets entered today on the basis that 

for all we know they contacted the court and 

somebody at the court said, [n]o, we don't 

have anything scheduled for this. So just be 

aware of that possibility.
5 A-3502-15T4

The judge granted default based on defendants' failure to 

appear and held the proof hearing on plaintiff's damages. The 

judge then entered judgment for plaintiffs for $14,527 and 

dismissed defendants' counterclaims. 

On October 21, 2015, the judge who issued the September 18, 

2015 order entered a consent order, disqualifying defendants'

original counsel and requiring defendants to retain new counsel 

by October 19, 2015, which had already passed. 

On October 29, 2015, Ms. Frasier wrote to the judge who 

entered the judgment against defendants requesting the default be 

vacated. On November 10, 2015, Ms. Frasier filed a motion to 

vacate the judgment, which the court denied on December 4, 2015, 

due to Ms. Frasier's lack of standing. Defendants finally retained 

new counsel, and moved to vacate the default judgment, pursuant 

to R. 4:50-1. Plaintiff opposed the motion. On February 19, 

2016, the second judge denied the motion to vacate without oral 

argument and without any written findings.

After receiving the transcript from the October 19, 2015, 

hearing, defendants moved for reconsideration on February 25, 

2015. The second judge denied the motion on April 1, 2016, without 

oral argument or any written findings. This appeal followed.

We review denial of a motion to vacate a judgment under Rule

4:50-1 using an abuse of discretion standard. Hous. Auth. of 
6 A-3502-15T4

Morristown v. Little, 135 N.J. 274, 283 (1994). An abuse of 

discretion occurs when a decision is "made without a rational 

explanation, inexplicably departed from established policies, or 

rested on an impermissible basis." Iliadis v. Wal-Mart Stores, 

Inc. 191 N.J. 88, 123 (2007) (quoting Flagg v. Essex Cty. 

Prosecutor, 171 N.J. 561, 571 (2002)).

First, we note defendants' appeal is properly before this 

court. Defendants' motion to vacate the judgment pursuant to Rule

4:50-1 was timely filed within one year from the entry of judgment,

per Rule 4:50-2. Further, the motion for reconsideration was 

filed within twenty days of the denial of the motion to vacate, 

and thus, was also timely. See R. 4:49-2. Plaintiff's arguments 

to the contrary lack sufficient merit to warrant discussion. See

R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).

Next, defendants argue the trial court abused its discretion 

by denying their motion to vacate the default judgment. We agree 

and reverse.

Under Rule 4:50-1(a), a judgment may be vacated due to 

"mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect." 

Defendants seeking to vacate default judgments under Rule 4:50-

1(a) have to demonstrate their failure to answer the claim amounted 

to excusable neglect, and the defendant must show he or she has a 

meritorious defense. U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n v. Guillaume, 209 N.J.
7 A-3502-15T4

449, 468 (2012) (finding no excusable neglect where defendants 

were fully informed of ongoing court proceedings but failed to 

appear for over a year); Marder v. Realty Constr. Co., 84 N.J. 

Super. 313, 318 (App. Div.) (accepting the corporate defendant's 

belief that an insurance company would handle a lawsuit as 

excusable neglect), aff'd, 53 N.J. 508 (1964). "Carelessness may 

be excusable when attributable to an honest mistake that is 

compatible with due diligence or reasonable prudence." Mancini 

v. Eds ex rel. N.J. Auto. Full Ins. Underwriting Ass'n, 132 N.J.

330, 333 (1993) (citing Baumann v. Marinaro, 95 N.J. 380, 394 

(1984)).

Here, the trial court abused its discretion by omitting

defendants' reasons for failing to appear from consideration. 

Defendants presented compelling evidence of excusable neglect. 

The first judge specifically noted the trial was not on the court 

calendar; the judge also noted it was likely defendants called the 

courthouse and a representative told them there was nothing 

scheduled for that date, which is precisely what defendants assert

happened. Additionally, based on advice of their previous counsel, 

defendants did not call the judge's chambers to inquire about the 

trial date. 

Notwithstanding plaintiff's counsel leaving defendants' 

former counsel a message, and though the date was scheduled with
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all counsel present, it is reasonable defendants, without counsel, 

would not appear after being told by court representatives the 

matter was not on the court schedule and had been marked 

"disposed." Defendants spoke with court representatives and made 

an effort to determine whether they needed to be present on October 

19, 2015. Such an error satisfies the standard of excusable 

neglect, and the trial court abused its discretion by not 

considering this issue.

Because we find the trial court abused its discretion under 

Rule 4:50-1(a), we need not address the catch-all provision of 

Rule 4:50-1(f).

We reverse and vacate the entry of default judgment and order 

for reconsideration consistent with this opinion. We do not retain 

jurisdiction.