UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

U.S. DISTRICT COURT -- EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN

SOUTHERN DIVISION

MICHIGAN URGENT CARE & 

PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS, P.C., 

and BUSINESS HEALTH SOLUTIONS,

P.C.

Plaintiffs,

 -vsEDGE PHARMACY SERVICES, LLC, 

and JOHN DOES 1-10,

Defendants. 

COMPLAINT – CLASS ACTION 

Plaintiffs are not aware of any related cases.

1. Plaintiffs, Michigan Urgent Care & Primary Care Physicians, P.C. (“Michigan Urgent”)

and Business Health Solutions, P.C. (“Business Health”), bring this action to secure redress for

the actions of defendant Edge Pharmacy Services, LLC, in sending or causing the sending of

unsolicited advertisements to telephone facsimile machines in violation of the Telephone

Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. §227 (“TCPA”). 

2. The TCPA expressly prohibits unsolicited fax advertising. Unsolicited fax advertising

damages the recipients. The recipient is deprived of its paper and ink or toner and the use of its

fax machine. The recipient also wastes valuable time it would have spent on something else. 

Unsolicited faxes prevent fax machines from receiving and sending authorized faxes, cause wear

and tear on fax machines, and require labor to attempt to identify the source and purpose of the

unsolicited faxes.

PARTIES

3. Plaintiff Michigan Urgent is a professional corporation with offices at 37595 7 Mile

Road, Livonia, Michigan 48152, where it maintains telephone facsimile equipment.

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4. Plaintiff Business Health is a professional corporation with offices at 17197 N. Laurel

Park Drive, Suite 161, Livonia, Michigan 48152, where it maintains telephone facsimile

equipment.

5. Defendant Edge Pharmacy Services, LLC, is a limited liability company with offices

located at 856 Hercules Drive, Suite 30, Colchester, Vermont 05446. 

6. Defendants John Does 1-10 are other natural or artificial persons that were involved in

the sending of the facsimile advertisement described below. Plaintiffs does not know who they

are. 

JURISDICTION AND VENUE

7. This Court has jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. §§1331 and 1367. Mims v. Arrow Financial

Services, LLC, 132 S. Ct. 740, 751-53 (2012).

8. Personal jurisdiction is proper because Defendant has committed tortious acts in this

District by causing the transmission of unlawful communications into the District.

9. Venue in this District is proper for the same reason.

FACTS

10. In January 2015, plaintiff Michigan Urgent received the unsolicited fax advertisement

attached as Exhibit A on its facsimile machine..

11. In January 2015, plaintiff Business Health received the unsolicited fax advertisement

attached as Exhibit B on its facsimile machine.

12. Discovery may reveal the transmission of additional faxes as well. 

13. Defendant is responsible for sending or causing the sending of the faxes.

14. Defendant as the entity whose products or services were advertised in the faxes, derived

economic benefit from the sending of the faxes.

15. Defendant either negligently or wilfully violated the rights of plaintiffs and other recipients

in sending the faxes.

16. Plaintiffs had no prior relationship with defendant and had not authorized the sending of

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fax advertisements to plaintiffs.

17. Each fax refers to a website registered to defendant.

18. The faxes do not contain the opt out notice described in 47 U.S.C. §227. 

19. On information and belief, the faxes attached hereto was sent as part of a mass

broadcasting of faxes.

20. On information and belief, defendant has transmitted similar unsolicited fax 

advertisements to at least 40 other persons in Michigan.

21. There is no reasonable means for plaintiffs or other recipients of defendant’s unsolicited

advertising faxes to avoid receiving illegal faxes. Fax machines must be left on and ready to

receive the urgent communications authorized by their owners.

COUNT I – TCPA

22. Plaintiffs incorporate ¶¶ 1-21. 

23. The TCPA makes unlawful the “use of any telephone facsimile machine, computer or

other device to send an unsolicited advertisement to a telephone facsimile machine ...” 47 U.S.C.

§227(b)(1)(C).

24. The TCPA, 47 U.S.C. §227(b)(3), provides:

Private right of action.

A person or entity may, if otherwise permitted by the laws or rules of court of a State,

bring in an appropriate court of that State–

(A) an action based on a violation of this subsection or the regulations

prescribed under this subsection to enjoin such violation,

(B) an action to recover for actual monetary loss from such a violation, or

to receive $500 in damages for each such violation, whichever is greater, or

(C) both such actions.

If the Court finds that the defendant willfully or knowingly violated this subsection

or the regulations prescribed under this subsection, the court may, in its discretion,

increase the amount of the award to an amount equal to not more than 3 times the

amount available under the subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.

25. Plaintiffs and each class member suffered damages as a result of receipt of the unsolicited

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faxes, in the form of paper and ink or toner consumed as a result. Furthermore, plaintiffs’

statutory right of privacy was invaded.

26. Plaintiffs and each class member are entitled to statutory damages.

27. Defendant violated the TCPA even if its actions were only negligent.

28. Defendant should be enjoined from committing similar violations in the future.

CLASS ALLEGATIONS

29. Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 23(a) and (b)(3), plaintiffs bring this claim on behalf of a class,

consisting of (a) all persons (b) who, on or after a date four years prior to the filing of this action

(28 U.S.C. §1658), (c) were sent faxes by or on behalf of defendant Edge Pharmacy Services,

LLC, promoting its goods or services for sale (d) and which did not contain an opt out notice as

described in 47 U.S.C. §227.

30. The class is so numerous that joinder of all members is impractical. Plaintiffs allege on

information and belief that there are more than 40 members of the class.

31. There are questions of law and fact common to the class that predominate over any

questions affecting only individual class members. The predominant common questions include:

a. Whether defendant engaged in a pattern of sending unsolicited fax advertisements;

b. The manner in which defendant compiled or obtained its list of fax numbers;

c. Whether defendant thereby violated the TCPA.

32. Plaintiffs will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class. Plaintiffs have

retained counsel experienced in handling class actions and claims involving unlawful business

practices. Neither plaintiffs nor plaintiffs’ counsel have any interests which might cause them not

to vigorously pursue this action. 

33. Plaintiffs’ claims are typical of the claims of the class members. All are based on the same

factual and legal theories.

34. A class action is the superior method for the fair and efficient adjudication of this

controversy. The interest of class members in individually controlling the prosecution of separate

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claims against defendant is small because it is not economically feasible to bring individual

actions.

35. Several courts have certified class actions under the TCPA. Holtzman v. Turza, 08 C

2014, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 95620 (N.D.Ill., Oct. 14, 2009), aff’d in relevant part, 728 F.3d 682

(7 Cir. 2013); Sadowski v. Med1 Online, LLC, 07 C 2973, 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 41766 th

(N.D.Ill., May 27, 2008); CE Design Ltd. v Cy's Crabhouse North, Inc., 259 F.R.D. 135 (N.D.Ill.

2009); Targin Sign Sys. v Preferred Chiropractic Ctr., Ltd., 679 F. Supp. 2d 894 (N.D.Ill. 2010);

Garrett v. Ragle Dental Lab, Inc., 10 C 1315, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 108339, 2010 WL 4074379

(N.D.Ill., Oct. 12, 2010); Hinman v. M & M Rental Ctr., 545 F.Supp. 2d 802 (N.D.Ill. 2008);

Clearbrook v. Rooflifters, LLC, 08 C 3276, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 72902 (N.D. Ill. July 20, 2010)

(Cox, M.J.); G.M. Sign, Inc. v. Group C Communs., Inc., 08 C 4521, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS

17843 (N.D. Ill. Feb. 25, 2010); Kavu, Inc. v. Omnipak Corp., 246 F.R.D. 642 (W.D.Wash. 2007);

Display South, Inc. v. Express Computer Supply, Inc., 961 So.2d 451, 455 (La. App. 1st Cir. 2007);

Display South, Inc. v. Graphics House Sports Promotions, Inc., 992 So. 2d 510 (La. App. 1st Cir.

2008); Lampkin v. GGH, Inc., 146 P.3d 847 (Ok. App. 2006); ESI Ergonomic Solutions, LLC v.

United Artists Theatre Circuit, Inc., 203 Ariz. (App.) 94, 50 P.3d 844 (2002); Core Funding

Group, LLC v. Young, 792 N.E.2d 547 (Ind.App. 2003); Critchfield Physical Therapy v. Taranto

Group, Inc., 293 Kan. 285; 263 P.3d 767 (2011); Karen S. Little, L.L.C. v. Drury Inns. Inc., 306

S.W.3d 577 (Mo. App. 2010).

36. Management of this class action is likely to present significantly fewer difficulties that

those presented in many class actions, e.g. for securities fraud.

WHEREFORE, plaintiffs request that the Court enter judgment in favor of plaintiffs and

the class and against defendant for:

a. Statutory damages;

b. An injunction against the further transmission of unsolicited fax advertising;

c. Costs of suit;

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d. Such other or further relief as the Court deems just and proper.

ADAM G. TAUB & ASSOCIATES

CONSUMER LAW GROUP, PLC

By: /s/ Adam G. Taub 

Adam G. Taub (P48703)

17200 W 10 Mile Rd Suite 200

Southfield, MI 48075

Phone: (248) 746-3790

Email: adamgtaub@clgplc.net

/s/ Daniel A. Edelman

Daniel A. Edelman

Cathleen M. Combs

Thomas E. Soule

EDELMAN, COMBS, LATTURNER

& GOODWIN, LLC

20 S. Clark Street, Suite 1500

Chicago, Illinois 60603

(312) 739-4200

(312) 419-0379 (FAX)

Email: dedelman@edcombs.com

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NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT

Please be advised that all rights relating to attorney’s fees have been assigned to counsel.

/s/ Daniel A. Edelman

Daniel A. Edelman

Daniel A. Edelman

EDELMAN, COMBS, LATTURNER

& GOODWIN, LLC

20 S. Clark Street, Suite 1500

Chicago, Illinois 60603

(312) 739-4200

(312) 419-0379 (FAX)

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