## The Frac Pond

## Frac Pit Components 

# Sulfates (SO4- 2)

## Frac Pit Components 

# Sulfates (SO4- 2) Iron

## Frac Pit Components 

# Sulfates (SO4- 2) Iron COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand)  Measurement of Organics in Water  Organic SRB/APB Foodsource  Glycols and low molecular weight organic acids  Functional moeities of organic matter  Methanol, Minor Alcohols, Gasoline Range Organics, Diesel Range Organics, Guar Gel Residues

## Frac Pit Components


## Desulfovibrio 

# Sulfates (SO4- 2) Iron COD 

# SRB

## Frac Pit Components 

# Sulfates (SO4- 2) Iron COD 

# SRB H2S

## Frac Pit Components 

# Sulfates (SO4- 2) Iron COD 

# SRB H2S 

# Iron Sulfide

## Iron Sulfide Production

## Frac Pit Components 

# SRB COD Sulfates (SO4- 2) 

# H2S Iron 

# Iron Sulfide

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 Reduces COD (Organic Loadings) in frac pits  Remediates Total Suspended Solids  Non - Regulated  Positive environmental impact  Environmentally acceptable alternative to biocide treatments for SRB control in frac pits  Sustained Positive Equilibrium Shift  Cost- effective 

# Bioremediation Beneficial opportunistic extremophile rod bacterium  Facultative Anaerobic  Halophile (salt- loving)  Nitrate - reducing (NRB)  Non slime - producing  Non spore -forming 

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies 

# Production Strain

## Biological Control of SRB in Frac Pit Water
 Beneficial microbes introduce competition for SRB in frac pit environments. Beneficial microbes consume organic carbon sources (COD)

BSP 1622 COD O2/NO3 CO2 + Energy

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 250,000 bbl recycle portadam facility in Garvin Co, OK 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 250,000 bbl recycle portadam facility in Garvin Co, OK 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 250,000 bbl recycle portadam facility in Garvin Co, OK 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility50,000 Bbl Treatment Pit 250,000 Bbl Portadam To Frac Job 

### BSP 

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 250,000 bbl recycle portadam facility in Garvin Co, OK 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility Treatment Pit 250,000 Bbl Portadam To Frac Job 

### BSP 

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 250,000 bbl recycle portadam facility in Garvin Co, OK

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 Aerated bioremediation recycling program from 06/25/2013 thru 10/04/2013 (3 months).

COD 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

COD  COD’s decreased from avg 4,390 mg/L to 862 mg/L 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 Inlet SRB’s decreased from 6 bottles in 3 days to 2 - 4 vials in 10 days. 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies Millipore initial: 13 mL in 5 min w/0.45 μm filter @ 20 psi

N  Millipore final: 62 mL in 5 min w/0.45 μm filter @ 20 psi N

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 3 months – 06/28/2013 thru 10/09/2013  COD average decrease of 80.3%  SRB’s in Portadam exponentially decreased from ≥1,000,000 cells/mL to 3,000 cells/mL  Total Suspended Solids/iron sulfide remediated  Bioremediated water program deemed successful 

# Bioremediation Case Study Southern OK Recycle Facility

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

## Frac Pit Treatment Methodologies

 Cost- effective  Sustained equilibrium shift achieved by constant microbial activity in pit  COD depletion  Managed SRB populations  Removes iron from the system by forming iron carbonate and iron oxide scales which settle out in the pit.  Non - regulated  Can’t sterilize a frac pit 

## Bioremediation Benefits