# Patent

## Title
Transmission for vehicle

## Abstract

A transmission for a vehicle may include a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third, planetary gear set, and a fourth planetary gear set each including three rotary elements, and a plurality of friction members, in which the friction members are connected to at least one or more of the rotary elements of the planetary gear sets and control rotation of the rotary elements.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application Number 10-2015-0079216 filed Jun. 4, 2015, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a transmission for a vehicle that can improve fuel efficiency by implementing multiple steps of shifting and improve vehicle driving comfort by using operating points in a low RPM range of an engine.
Description of Related Art
Recently, increasing oil prices have caused vehicle manufacturers all over the world to rush into infinite competition. Particularly in the case of engines, manufacturers have been pursuing efforts to reduce the weight and improve fuel efficiency of vehicles by reducing engine size, etc.
As for an automatic transmission, there are various methods of improving fuel efficiency, and operability and competitiveness in fuel efficiency can both be secured by implementing multiple steps of shifting.
However, when the shift ranges increase, the number of parts in an automatic transmission also increases, so the automatic transmission may be difficult to mount, the manufacturing cost and weight may be increased, and power transmission efficiency may be deteriorated.
Accordingly, in order to increase the effect of improving fuel efficiency through multiple steps of shifting, it may be important to develop a gear train structure that can achieve maximum efficiency with fewer parts.
The information disclosed in this Background of the Invention section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
BRIEF SUMMARY
Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing a transmission for a vehicle that can improve fuel efficiency by implementing multiple steps of shifting and improve vehicle driving comfort by using operating points in a low RPM range of an engine.
According to various aspects of the present invention, a transmission for a vehicle may include a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third, planetary gear set, and a fourth planetary gear set each including three rotary elements, and a plurality of friction members, in which the first planetary gear set may include a first rotary element selectively connected with a second rotary element of the second planetary gear set and connected with a third rotary element of the second planetary gear set, a second rotary element operating as a selectively-fixed element, and a third rotary element operating as a selectively-fixed element and connected with a third rotary element of the third planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set may include a first rotary element selectively connected with a second rotary element of the third planetary gear set and selectively connected with a second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, a second rotary element connected to an input shaft, and a third rotary element connected with a first rotary element of the third planetary gear set, the third planetary gear set may include the third rotary element connected with a first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, the fourth planetary gear set may include the second rotary element operating as a selectively-fixed element and a third rotary element connected to an output shaft, and the friction members may be connected to at least one or more of the rotary elements of the planetary gear sets and control rotation of the rotary elements.
In the first planetary gear set, the first rotary element may be a first sun gear, the second rotary element may be a first carrier, and the third rotary element may be a first ring gear, in the second planetary gear set, the first rotary element may be a second sun gear, the second rotary element may be a second carrier, and the third rotary element may be a second ring gear, in the third planetary gear set, the first rotary element may be a third sun gear, the second rotary element may be a third carrier, and the third rotary element may be a third ring gear, and in the fourth planetary gear set, the first rotary element may be a fourth sun gear, the second rotary element may be a fourth carrier, and the third rotary element may be a fourth ring gear.
The first rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set may be connected to and disconnected from each other by a first clutch, the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set may be connected to and disconnected from a transmission case by a first brake, and the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set may be connected to and disconnected from the transmission case by a second brake.
The first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set may be connected to and disconnected from each other by a second clutch, and the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set may be connected to and disconnected from each other by a third clutch.
The second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set may be connected to and disconnected from a transmission case by a third brake.
The first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set, the third planetary gear set, and the fourth planetary gear set may be sequentially arranged in an axial direction.
The friction members may include a first clutch disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set, a second clutch disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set, a third clutch disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, a first brake disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case, a second brake disposed for connecting and disconnecting the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case, and a third brake disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set and the transmission case.
According to various aspects of the present invention, a transmission for a vehicle may include a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third, planetary gear set, and a fourth planetary gear set each including three rotary elements, an input shaft connected to a second rotary element of the second planetary gear set and a first clutch, a first shaft connecting a first rotary element of the first planetary gear set, a third rotary element of the second planetary gear set, a first rotary element of the third planetary gear set, and the first clutch, a second shaft connecting a second rotary element of the first planetary gear set and a first brake, a third shaft connecting a third rotary element of the first planetary gear set, a third rotary element of the third planetary gear set, a first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, and a second brake, a fourth shaft connecting a first rotary element of the second planetary gear set, a second clutch, and a third clutch, a fifth shaft connecting a second rotary element of the third planetary gear set and the second clutch, a sixth shaft connecting a second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, a third brake, and the third clutch, an output shaft connected with a third rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, and a transmission case connected with the first brake, the second brake, and the third brake.
The first clutch may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first shaft and input shaft, the second clutch may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the fourth shaft and the fifth shaft, the third clutch may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the fourth shaft and the sixth shaft, the first brake may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second shaft and the transmission case, the second brake may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the third shaft and the transmission case, and the third brake may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the sixth shaft and the transmission case.
The first clutch may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set, the second clutch may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set, the third clutch may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, the first brake may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case, the second brake may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case, and the third brake may be disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set and the transmission case.
As described above, since the rotary elements of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets are selectively connected/disconnected by clutches and brakes, their rotational speeds and directions are changed and shifting is performed accordingly. Therefore, a vehicle can be driven with the gear ratios of ten or more steps of forward shifting and one step of reverse shifting. Therefore, it is possible to improve fuel efficiency by implementing multiple steps of shifting and improve vehicle driving comfort by using operating points in a low RPM range of an engine.
It is understood that the term “vehicle” or “vehicular” or other similar terms as used herein is inclusive of motor vehicles in general such as passenger automobiles including sports utility vehicles (SUV), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including a variety of boats and ships, aircraft, and the like, and includes hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g., fuel derived from resources other than petroleum). As referred to herein, a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that has two or more sources of power, for example, both gasoline-powered and electric-powered vehicles.
The methods and apparatuses of the present invention have other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in more detail in the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and the following Detailed Description, which together serve to explain certain principles of the present invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of an exemplary transmission for a vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a table showing operation in each range by an exemplary transmission for a vehicle according to the present invention.



It should be understood that the appended drawings are not necessarily to scale, presenting a somewhat simplified representation of various features illustrative of the basic principles of the invention. The specific design features of the present invention as disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and shapes will be determined in part by the particular intended application and use environment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention(s), examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the invention(s) will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it will be understood that the present description is not intended to limit the invention(s) to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the invention(s) is/are intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents and other embodiments, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
A transmission for a vehicle according to various embodiments of the present invention largely include a first planetary gear set PG1, a second planetary gear set PG2, a third planetary gear set PG3, and a fourth planetary gear set PG4, and the planetary gear sets each may include three rotary elements, that is, first, second, and third rotary elements.
Referring to FIG. 1, the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may be selectively connected with the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2. For example, the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may be a first sun gear S1 and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be a second carrier CR2, so the first sun gear S1 and the second carrier CR2 can be connected/disconnected to/from each other by a friction member.
The first rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may be connected with the third rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2. For example, the third rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be a second ring gear R2, and the first sun gear S1 and the second ring gear R2 can be directly connected to each other.
The second rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may operate as a selectively-fixed element. For example, the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may be a first carrier CR1 and the first carrier CR1 can be connected/disconnected to/from a transmission case CS by a friction member.
The third rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may operate as a selectively-fixed element. For example, the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may be a first ring gear R1 and the first ring gear R1 can be connected/disconnected to/from a transmission case CS by a friction member.
The third rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 may be connected with the third rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3. For example, the third rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3 may be a third ring gear R3, and the first ring gear R1 and the third ring gear R3 can be directly connected to each other.
The first rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be selectively connected with the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3. For example, the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be a second sun gear S2 and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3 may be a third carrier CR3, so the second sun gear S2 and the third carrier CR3 can be connected/disconnected to/from each other by a friction member.
The first rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be selectively connected with the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4. For example, the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be a fourth carrier CR4, and the second sun gear S2 and the third carrier CR3 can be connected/disconnected to/from each other by a friction member.
The second rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be connected to an input shaft INPUT. For example, the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be a second carrier CR2 and the second carrier CR2 may operate as a constant input element by being directly connected to the input shaft INPUT.
The third rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be connected with the first rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3. For example, the third rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 may be a second ring gear R2 and the first rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3 may be a third sun gear S3, so the second ring gear R2 and the third sun gear S3 can be directly connected to each other.
The third rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3 may be connected with the first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4. For example, the third rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3 may be a third ring gear R3 and the first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be a fourth sun gear S4, so the third ring gear R3 and the fourth sun gear S4 can be directly connected to each other.
The second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may operate as a selectively-fixed element. For example, the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be a fourth carrier CR4 and the fourth carrier CR4 can be connected/disconnected to/from the transmission case CS by a friction member.
The third rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may operate as an output element by being connected to an output shaft OUTPUT. For example, the third rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be a fourth ring gear R4 and may operate as a constant output element by being directly connected to the output shaft OUTPUT.
In the present invention, the first planetary gear set PG1, second planetary gear set PG2, third planetary gear set PG3, and fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the input shaft INPUT and the output shaft OUTPUT. Further, all of the first planetary gear set PG1, second planetary gear set PG2, third planetary gear set PG3, and fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be single pinion planetary gear sets.
The present invention may further include a plurality of friction members connected to at least one or more of the rotary elements of the planetary gear sets and controlling rotation of the rotary elements. The friction members may be first, second, and third clutches C1, C2, and C3, and first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3.
In detail, the first clutch C1 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the first sun gear S1 that is the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 and the second carrier CR2 that is the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2.
The second clutch C2 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the second sun gear S2 that is the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 and the third carrier CR3 that is the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3.
The third clutch C3 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the second sun gear S2 that is the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 and the fourth carrier CR4 that is the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4.
The first brake B1 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the first carrier CR1, which is the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1, and the transmission case CS.
The second brake B2 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the first ring gear R1, which is the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1, and the transmission case CS.
The third brake B3 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the fourth carrier CR4, which is the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4, and the transmission case CS.
On the other hand, the rotary elements of the planetary gear sets may be connected through the input shaft INPUT, a first shaft A1 to a sixth shaft A6, and the output shaft OUTPUT.
Referring to FIG. 1, the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2 and a first side of the first clutch C1 may be directly connected to the input shaft INPUT.
The first shaft A1 may directly connect the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1, the third rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2, the first rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3, and a second side of the first clutch C1.
The second shaft A2 may directly connect the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1 and a first side of the first brake B1.
The third shaft A3 may directly connect the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set PG1, the third rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3, the first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4, and a first side of the second brake B2.
The fourth shaft A4 may directly connect the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set PG2, a first side of the second clutch C2, and a first side of the third clutch C3.
The fifth shaft A5 may directly connect the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set PG3 and a second side of the second clutch C2.
The sixth shaft A6 may directly connect the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4, a first side of the third brake B3, and a second side of the third clutch C3.
The third rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set PG4 may be directly connected to the output shaft OUTPUT.
A second side of the first brake B1, a second side of the second brake B2, and a second side of the third brake B3 may be connected to the transmission case CS.
Further, the first clutch C1 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the first shaft A1 and the input shaft INPUT, the second clutch C2 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the fourth shaft A4 and the fifth shaft A5, and the third clutch C3 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the fourth shaft A4 and the sixth shaft A6.
Further, the first brake B1 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the second shaft A2 and transmission case CS, the second brake B2 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the third shaft A3 and transmission case CS, and the third brake B3 may be disposed for connecting/disconnecting the sixth shaft A6 and the transmission case CS.
FIG. 2 is a table showing operation in each range by a transmission for a vehicle according to various embodiments of the present invention, in which, for example, in order to implement a 1-range gear ratio, the first clutch C1, first brake B1, and third brake B3 may be connected and all other friction members may be disconnected.
In order to implement a 2-range gear ratio, the second clutch C2, first brake B1, and third brake B3 may be connected and all other friction members may be disconnected. Further, as for the other ranges, a vehicle can be driven with the gear ratios corresponding to the ranges by connecting/disconnecting, as shown in the table.
As described above, since the rotary elements of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4 are selectively connected/disconnected by clutches and brakes, their rotational speeds and directions are changed and shifting is performed accordingly. Therefore, a vehicle can be driven with the gear ratios of ten or more steps of forward shifting and one step of reverse shifting. Therefore, it is possible improve fuel efficiency by implementing multiple steps of shifting and improve vehicle driving comfort by using operating points in a low RPM range of an engine.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and their practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to make and utilize various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the Claims appended hereto and their equivalents.

## Claims

1. A transmission for a vehicle, comprising:
a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third, planetary gear set, and a fourth planetary gear set each including three rotary elements; and
a plurality of friction members,
wherein the first planetary gear set includes:
a first rotary element selectively connected with a second rotary element of the second planetary gear set and connected with a third rotary element of the second planetary gear set;
a second rotary element operating as a selectively-fixed element; and
a third rotary element operating as a selectively-fixed element and connected with a third rotary element of the third planetary gear set,

wherein the second planetary gear set includes:
a first rotary element selectively connected with a second rotary element of the third planetary gear set and selectively connected with a second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set;
the second rotary element connected to an input shaft; and
the third rotary element connected with a first rotary element of the third planetary gear set,

wherein the third planetary gear set includes the third rotary element connected with a first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set,
wherein the fourth planetary gear set includes the second rotary element operating as a selectively-fixed element and a third rotary element connected to an output shaft, and
wherein the friction members are connected to at least one or more of the three rotary elements of the first, second, and third planetary gear sets and control rotation of the three rotary elements.

2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein in the first planetary gear set, the first rotary element is a first sun gear, the second rotary element is a first carrier, and the third rotary element is a first ring gear,
in the second planetary gear set, the first rotary element is a second sun gear, the second rotary element is a second carrier, and the third rotary element is a second ring gear,
in the third planetary gear set, the first rotary element is a third sun gear, the second rotary element is a third carrier, and the third rotary element is a third ring gear, and
in the fourth planetary gear set, the first rotary element is a fourth sun gear, the second rotary element is a fourth carrier, and the third rotary element is a fourth ring gear.

3. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set are connected to and disconnected from each other by a first clutch,
the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set is connected to and disconnected from a transmission case by a first brake, and
the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set is connected to and disconnected from the transmission case by a second brake.

4. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set are connected to and disconnected from each other by a second clutch, and the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set are connected to and disconnected from each other by a third clutch.

5. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set is connected to and disconnected from a transmission case by a third brake.

6. The transmission of claim 2, wherein the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set, the third planetary gear set, and the fourth planetary gear set are sequentially arranged in an axial direction.

7. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the friction members include:
a first clutch disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set;
a second clutch disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set;
a third clutch disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set;
a first brake disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case;
a second brake disposed for connecting and disconnecting the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case; and
a third brake disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set and the transmission case.

8. A transmission for a vehicle, comprising:
a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third, planetary gear set, and a fourth planetary gear set each including three rotary elements;
an input shaft connected to a second rotary element of the second planetary gear set and a first clutch;
a first shaft connecting a first rotary element of the first planetary gear set, a third rotary element of the second planetary gear set, a first rotary element of the third planetary gear set, and the first clutch;
a second shaft connecting a second rotary element of the first planetary gear set and a first brake;
a third shaft connecting a third rotary element of the first planetary gear set, a third rotary element of the third planetary gear set, a first rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, and a second brake;
a fourth shaft connecting a first rotary element of the second planetary gear set, a second clutch, and a third clutch;
a fifth shaft connecting a second rotary element of the third planetary gear set and the second clutch;
a sixth shaft connecting a second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set, a third brake, and the third clutch;
an output shaft connected with a third rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set; and
a transmission case connected with the first brake, the second brake, and the third brake.

9. The transmission of claim 8, wherein the first clutch is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first shaft and input shaft,
the second clutch is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the fourth shaft and the fifth shaft,
the third clutch is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the fourth shaft and the sixth shaft,
the first brake is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second shaft and the transmission case,
the second brake is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the third shaft and the transmission case, and
the third brake is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the sixth shaft and the transmission case.

10. The transmission of claim 9, wherein the first clutch is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the second planetary gear set,
the second clutch is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the third planetary gear set,
the third clutch is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the first rotary element of the second planetary gear set and the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set,
the first brake is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case,
the second brake is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the third rotary element of the first planetary gear set and the transmission case, and
the third brake is disposed for connecting and disconnecting the second rotary element of the fourth planetary gear set and the transmission case.