617975-0001/4826-3004-4998.2 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN 

SOUTHERN DIVISION 

JEFFREY TODD KNUDSON, 

 Plaintiff, 

 v. 

M/V AMERICAN INTEGRITY, 

Official Number 592377, IMO # 

7514696, in rem, and AMERICAN 

STEAMSHIP COMPANY, a New 

York corporation, in personam, 

 Defendants. 

/ 

IN LAW AND IN ADMIRALTY 

Case No. 2:14-cv-14854-GCS-RSW 

Judge George Caram Steeh 

Jess G. Webster (Pro Hac Vice) 

(WA State Bar Assn. #11042) 

MILLER NASH GRAHAM 

 & DUNN LLP 

Pier 70, 2801 Alaskan Way, Suite 300 

Seattle, WA 98121-1128 

(206) 624-8300 / Fax (206) 340-9599 

jess.webster@millernash.com 

Paul D. Galea (P29250) 

Sarah V. Beaubien (P76142) 

GALLAGHER SHARP LLP 

211 West Fort Street, Suite 660 

Detroit, Michigan 48226 

(313) 962-9165 / Fax: (313) 962-9167 

pgalea@gallaghersharp.com 

sbeaubien@gallaghersharp.com 

Dennis M. O’Bryan 

O’BRYAN BAUN KARAMANIAN 

Co-Counsel for Plaintiff 

401 S. Old Woodward, Ste. 463 

Birmingham, MI 48009 

(248) 258-6262 / 0647 Fax 

dob@obryanlaw.net 

Attorneys for the Plaintiff Jeffrey Todd 

Knudson 

Markus E. Apelis (P80275) 

GALLAGHER SHARP LLP 

Bulkley Building – Sixth Floor 

1501 Euclid Avenue 

Cleveland, Ohio 44115 

Phone: (216) 241-5310 

Fax: (216) 241-1608 

mapelis@gallaghersharp.com 

Attorneys for the Defendants 

M/V AMERICAN INTEGRITY and 

American Steamship Company

 

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DECLARATION OF DR. STEVEN WIKER IN SUPPORT OF

PLAINTIFF’S RESPONSE TO DEFENDANTS' MOTION FOR

PARTIAL JUDGMENT ON THE PLEADINGS, OR

ALTERNATIVELY, MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY

JUDGMENT

I, Steven F. Wiker, Ph.D., CPE, declare as follows:

1. I am a retired engineering faculty who founded and directed safety engineering and ergonomics programs at the Universities of Washington and West 

Virginia. I am and industrial engineer and physiologist who specializes in 

ergonomics and safety engineering and hold a doctorate degree in industrial 

and operations engineering from the University of Michigan. I taught safety and 

human factors engineering, occupational biomechanics, accident reconstruction, and related courses since the late 1980s, conducted safety engineering 

and ergonomics research, and have served as a consultant to Occupational 

Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institutes for Safety 

and Health (NIOSH) for nearly 40 years. I have attached my curriculum vitae.

2. I am also a retired Coast Guard Commander who served on active duty 

for nearly 5 years and remained in the active reserves for the remainder of my 

service. I commanded maritime vessel inspection, port safety and search and 

rescue units on the Great Lakes. I am very familiar with the maritime environment, boatswain’s chairs and rigging, and taught fall arrest system design as a 

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faculty member. I inspected the equipment used at the time of Mr. Knudson’s 

fall accident, the process by which the defense transferred crew from the weather deck to the lock working surface far below, and was asked if the defense 

could have provided a safer or safe means of crew transfer from the vessel to 

the lock. It is my understanding that I may serve as an expert witness for the 

Plaintiff in the above captioned action. 

3. It is my understanding that the defense has submitted a motion for partial

summary judgment motion arguing that ASC has not met the criteria for punitive

damages. I have been asked to construct and submit a declaration addressing 

the standard of care provided by industry at large regarding protection of crew 

or workers from falls of the type experienced by Mr. Knudson and that provided 

by ASC. From a safety engineering perspective, and based upon the definitions 

provided, see attachment provided to me, ASC has acted in a grossly negligent 

manner, demonstrated willful indifference, and demonstrated a callous disregard

for their crew's safety. In the following paragraphs I provide the rationale for my 

assessment as a safety professional. 

4. I was asked to address whether ASC’s failure to provide a safe means of 

crew transfer from the ship to the lock below demonstrated negligence to the 

extent that it would be considered an egregious failure to meet their duty to provide a workplace that was free from recognizable and severe hazards. An egregious degree of negligence would be characterized by refusing to recognize, un2

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derstand and eliminate or acceptably mitigate an extreme hazard (i.e., 

potentially lethal or capable of producing massive injury and permanent disability) that is easily recognized by both low-level practitioners within the field of 

safety engineering and pedestrians or reasonable humans in the public. Moreover, egregious behavior would be demonstrated by ASC if their behavior 

demonstrated blatant indifference or a callous response to an extreme and highly recognizable hazard prior to and following a history of the type of accident experienced by Mr. Knudson. 

5. Finally, egregious negligence would be demonstrated by ASC’s blatant or

willful indifference to and ignoring well-established understanding and knowledge that their method for crew transfer from the ship to the lock service 30 to 

35 feet below presented an extreme fall and injury hazard. The hazard I observed violated well-known safety standards and regulations addressing fall 

arrest requirements for heights of 6 feet or more. This hazard would very likely, 

or probably, result in death or severe injury depending upon the height of the 

free fall and the velocity of the fall.

6. I received a definition of recklessness, wanton, willful, reckless neglect, 

and gross negligence that courts have used to make determination as to 

whether punitive damages are warranted and have attached it to this declaration. My definition of egregious negligence demonstrated by ASC is consistent 

with the definition of recklessness, wanton, willful, reckless neglect, and gross 

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negligence. 

7. I have reviewed the facts and circumstances surrounding the accident 

that is the subject of this legal action, to wit: Mr. Knudson being dropped will 

being lowered from the deck of the AMERICAN INTEGRITY to the pier face at 

the Soo locks, including, but not limited to:

a) Interview with the Plaintiff Jeffrey Todd Knudson;

b) Review of transcript of deposition of Plaintiff Jeffrey Todd Knudson

taken in this action;

c) Review of transcript of deposition of the responsible safety officer 

of American Steamship Company, Mr. Thomas Anderson; 

d) Review of transcript of deposition of Mr. Olney, the first mate of 

the AMERICAN INTEGRITY responsible for dropping Mr. Knudson; 

e) Review of transcript of deposition of the safety officer of American 

Steamship Company, Mr. Thomas Anderson;

f) Inspection of the lowering boom, rigging and bosun's chair involved in the accident leading to Mr. Knudson's injury;

g) Review of the Report of Serious Marine Incident, USCG Form 

2692, relating to Mr. Knudson's injury.

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8. Falls from height are well known and understood within the fields of Safety Engineering and Safety Management. The World Health Organization (WHO) 

as well as all safety organizations and government agencies tasked with prevention of fall accidents and injuries have all determined that falls are the second 

leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths worldwide1. Only automobile accidents kill more people than fall accidents. Each year an estimated 

424,000 individuals die from falls globally of which over 80% are in third-world 

countries that either do not promulgate or enforce fall prevention standards and 

regulations. Though not fatal, 37.3 million falls are severe enough to require 

medical attention occur each year and over 17 million DALYs (disability-adjusted

life years) are typically lost; demonstrating the magnitude of the cost of falls that 

face industry and society at large. In 2011, a total of 4,693 fatal work injuries involving falls from height were reported in the US.

9. The number of vendors in the United States that develop, construct and 

sell fall prevention and fall arrest equipment is huge. At any American Society of

Safety Engineering Annual Conference or other like society conferences, 

vendors provide booths and company experts to advocate purchase of their 

equipment for protection from falls from height (i.e., fall arrest harnesses, equip1. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs344/en/

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ment, and training programs). Those vendors can account for nearly 70 percent 

of all vendors attending the conference who display their products. Nobody in 

the field of safety can escape the magnitude of the problem and the level of energy that has been expended by relevant federal agencies, industry and vendors

responding the need for protection related to falls from height.

10. Historically, concerns regarding falls from height developed in the 1920s 

and 1930s when multistory buildings began to propagate across the US. The 

Occupational Health and Safety Act (OSHA) promulgated in 1970, expressly 

dealt with fall protection in the workplace, provided relevant regulations, national

consensus standards addressing falls from height prevention were inculcated 

into the OSHA regulations, and the OSHA General Duty Clause required employers to provide workers with a workplace that was free from recognizable hazards such as falls from height. 

11. After 1970, regulatory and litigation costs and consequences drove American industry into adopting fall protection for workers. 

During the 1970s and 1980s, the use of safety body belts became the norm for 

workers who were required to perform tasks at height. The construction industry

added the protection by adoption of the “100% tie-off” rule. Ongoing research 

and developmentt in the 1990s by NIOSH and university researchers, related to 

fall protection, showed that body belts attached to lanyards resulted in spinal 

and internal organ injuries that could result from even short periods of suspen6

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sion from a body belt. The problem was widely known to industry and pursuit to

improve fall arrests without side effects was aggressive given the scope of the 

hazard.

12. Advances in the materials used in the construction of safety lines and 

harnesses made them more comfortable, able to hold heavier workers, more resistant to wear and tear from weather and exposure to corrosives and abrasives,

and reduced risks associated with line parting associated with manila lines. Selfretracting and “spring-like” or stretching lanyards were developed and deployed

to reduce fall distances, decelerations and sudden stops or jerks to the body as 

the fall was arrested. Improved worker training and safety awareness, including 

development of effective fall rescue plans, were developed that coincided with 

material reduction in incidence and severity of fall-related injuries and fatalities in

the workplace. 

13. The aforementioned history and development of regulations was well 

known throughout general industry and the maritime environment. ASC’s safety

professionals, such as Mr. Anderson, could not escape knowledge of the falls 

from height hazard that was associated with the transfer operation that injured 

Mr. Knudson. The hazard Mr. Knudson faced demonstrated a high probability 

that any failure in the sequence of operation would result in a fall from height 

that would result in death or severe injury. The magnitude of the hazard and its 

severe consequences are very well known within the field. To deny knowledge 

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of this problem would require one to negate at least 6 decades of fall from 

height hazard prevention, regulatory promulgation and enforcement efforts, and 

widespread professional and informational programs addressing the hazard. 

14. Mr. Anderson reported that he regularly read safety journals and attended

meetings. If so, he had to have a working knowledge of fall from height hazards,

how to detect them, and how to control them (See page 15 of his deposition). 

Mr. Anderson is also a Certified Safety Professional (CSP). Attaining a CSP designation that would require that he understood a broad range of safety hazards 

and how to prevent them; including falls from heights (See page 12 of his deposition). He had to take a comprehensive examination for his CPE that would 

have required that he demonstrate by test answers an understanding of falls 

from heights, how to recognize those hazards, and how to prevent them.

15. When asked in his deposition if he had performed any safety evaluation of

the operation associated with Mr. Knudson’s fall, Mr. Anderson answered that 

he had not, and that nobody had done so within the company (page 26). That is

contrary to his training and professional requirements as a safety professional. 

One cannot argue that a task or job is safe unless there a formal analysis of the 

job was performed following standard job safety analysis protocols. Mr. Anderson reports that he simply eyeballed the task and determined that there was no 

hazard. That is a stunning claim because the hazards are clearly obvious.

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16. A common person, or pedestrian, could detect the presence of a fall from

height hazard with the operation that resulted in Mr. Knudson’s fall. Without any

training in safety a reasonable individual looking at the task would be able to 

point out: a) parting of a single landing line that had no backup line would create

a free-fall hazard, b) Mate miscommunication to the crewman regarding when to

move outboard of the ship could result in a fall if the crewman departed the 

deck prematurely before the mate had established control of the line used to 

lower him, c) the quality of the crewman’s swing outboard of the ship’s deck 

and vertical alignment with the desired landing area below could create a fall or 

landing mishap, d) Mate’s inability to maintain sufficient grasp force and payout 

control of the single line during normal and unexpected rapid descents could 

create a drop and fall accident, e) misalignment and inappropriate landing 

speeds causing the seated crew member to fail to land as desired could create 

a fall forward, backward or to the side during landings and chair dismounts, and 

f) crewman’s loss of competent grasp of the vertical rod would cause a 

crewman to fall off of the boatswain’s chair. The court doesn’t need me to 

come in and show the hazard(s) involved with this operation, the hazards are so 

clear and obvious that a jury can make that determination on their own. One of 

my professors used to say at times of clear and obvious hazards, “Why even a 

blind mule could see the hazard!” That is certainly the case in this case.

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17. Mr. Anderson, who should be able to recognize the hazards with the 

transfer operation that resulted in Mr. Knudson’s fall accident and injury, claimed

that such an operation was not hazardous, was very safe, and one of the safest 

in his industry on the Great Lakes (see deposition page 45). Yet he acknowledged that at least three fall from height accidents had occurred with the operation in question due to at least one of the hazards noted above that a common 

person could recognize. That claim is stunningly incorrect and has to reflect an 

absolute resistance to recognize or deal with the hazard ASC created.

18. ASC took no action to correct the hazards and failure modes that had 

created prior accidents before Mr. Knudson’s accident. That is an example of 

egregious indifference in refusing to acknowledge the presence of an extreme 

and potentially lethal hazard that a pedestrian could detect. Even if one could 

claim that they failed to recognize the presence of a clear hazard, safety protocols require companies like ASC to monitor their accidents and respond by determine root causes and implementing prevention protocols and personal protective equipment if required. ASC simply took no action. The level of 

indifference and willful neglect and response to the highly recognizable hazard 

goes well beyond the norm of companies that act negligently with regard to fall 

from height hazard protection. 

19. ASC knew the hazard was present and simply turned a blind eye to a 

clear and obvious fall from height hazard. Mr. Anderson reported any potential 

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fall over 6 feet was very hazardous, yet he took no action to control or arrest the 

fall hazard before Mr. Knudson’s accident. Using Mr. Anderson’s logic, there 

was no hazard even if the fall distance was clearly many multiples of 6 feet. He 

and ASC continued to deny and not respond the hazard until at least three accidents and injuries had occurred, and a lawsuit was filed. When I inspected the 

operation, no fall arrest efforts had been made for the operation that resulted in 

Mr. Knudson’s fall accident.

20. ASC demonstrated callous disregard for human life by not responding to 

previous accidents and injuries associated with the hazard, and stubbornly and 

willfully ignoring the presence of a demonstrated hazard (via accident occurrence) and intentionally refusing to correct the problem as required by safety 

regulations and standards. 

21. Mr. Olney, who was in charge of the operation, had no formal training regarding how to conduct the operation in a safe and controlled manner. He 

didn’t know how he should wrap the line about the “crucifix” and had no plan to 

save Mr. Knudson from a fall to the concrete below if Mr. Olney fell or lost control of the line, as he ultimately did, if the manila line parted, which is not to be 

used for this type of operation, or if Mr. Knudson’s stepping off of the deck was 

premature or resulted in a swing collision into the hull of the ship. ASC failed to 

provide even basic training regarding safe operations in this situation. ASC simply expected the third-mate to figure it out on his own. That is a strict violation 

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of safety engineering practice and the tenants of safety program management 

that require safety training if the hazard cannot be designed out per ISO 

Standards regarding the hierarchy of engineering safety. 

22. While Mr. Olney had a grasp of basic seamanship, he had not been 

trained to perform this operation. By analogy, what he was asked to do would 

be no different than taking a medical intern, who has a basic grasp human 

anatomy, and have the intern remove an appendix from a patient without any 

prior instruction about the procedure and technique, without understanding the 

nature of instruments required, without a comprehensive understanding of what 

can go wrong during that surgical procedure, and without instruction regarding 

how to prevent or respond to a surgically-induced error and resulting patient extremis. Such gross negligence would result in termination of all medical internships and residences at that facility if that was their norm. ASC's refusal to provide safety training for this operation represents a further example of gross 

neglect, willful indifference for the welfare of Mr. Knudson and those would be 

responsible for an accident caused by untrained actions. That approach is 

grossly antithetical to safety program objectives and approaches that are accepted throughout industry as a whole. 

23. OSHA regulations for fall prevention apply to vessel owners while vessels 

undergo pier side maintenance and repair, but do not apply when vessels are 

operating, during which time US Coast Guard (USCG) regulations apply. How12

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ever, per a memorandum of agreement between OSHA and USCG, USCG regulations may be used in lieu of OSHA regulations, at the discretion of the USCG, 

where there is overlap. If the USCG does not have a specific regulation addressing this fall from height hazard, the USCG has the discretion, right and authority

to cite the vessel and force compliance with OSHA regulations. The presence of

specific OSHA regulations addressing the operation involved with Mr. Knudson’s accident demonstrate notice, feasibility and clear rationale for eliminating 

the hazards that faced Mr. Knudson. 

24. ASC clearly created an maintained a hazardous crew transfer process for 

lowering a crewman some 30 to 35 feet below the weather deck to the concrete 

surface below. No fall arrest mechanisms or equipment were in place, and nobody on the detail had any formal or specific training for conduct of this operation in a safe manner it been made safe. Preventing a fall from height accident 

is one of the top two responsibilities for safety professionals in terms of accident

prevention in the workplace. The hazard presents real risk of death and serious 

bodily injury with the potential for severe life disabling and changing injuries. 

Such hazards are inescapable in terms of government communication with industry, regulations and national and international consensus standards aimed at

identifying and preventing falls from height, and a common person could recognize and understand the potential for a fall from height accident associated with 

ASC’s transfer operation.

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25. Yet, Mr. Anderson, a CSP and professional charged with ship crew safety, claimed there was no hazard and no need to change the operation from the 

standpoint of preventing fall accidents. He had no hazard evaluation program in

place and made no effort to examine this operation from a safety perspective. 

He failed to track accident and injury history associated with this task. Even after acknowledging that fall from height accidents and injuries had occurred prior 

to Mr. Knudson’s accident, he and ASC ignored those strong indicators of hazard and took no action to eliminate or materially mitigate the hazard. He and 

ASC simply did nothing. 

26. Professionals in my field and societies focused upon workplace safety 

would consider such actions as willful and reckless indifference to the health 

and safety of their crews, and exemplars of gross negligence. I have encountered a number of bad actors who failed to meet their duty with regard to preventing falls from heights, and I have defended others who were falsely accused

of not meeting those duties. However, I have never encountered the magnitude 

of gross negligence, willful indifference regarding the welfare of crews and workers who work at heights without adequate fall arrest protection. The insensate 

behavior of ASC and its blatant disregard for well known regulations and safety 

principles aimed at protecting workforces from falls, are are from the normal level of negligence encountered. I am simply stunned by ASC’s failure to even 

make a modicum of an effort to protect Mr. Knudson, and particularly their willful

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ignoring of the accidents that resulted from their unsafe design. Many companies claim that the accident was caused by the worker because the worker did 

not follow their training. In this case, ASC didn't even bother to provide any relevant training! 

27. It is my opinion that ASC's failure to incorporate fall protection equipment, appropriate rigging and line for the boatswain's chair (nonmanila line), an 

absence of safe procedure training, demonstrates a willful and reckless indifference to the welfare of its seamen employees, and to be a willful and callous failure to fulfill its duties to provide its seamen employees a safe and seaworthy 

vessel on which to serve. 

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I declare under the penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of 

America that the foregoing statements of fact are true and correct to the best of 

my knowledge.

DATED this 29th day of March, 2017, at 8214 Mount Logan Ct, Las Vegas, NV 

89131.

Steven F. Wiker, Ph.D., CPE

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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby certify that on March 29, 2017, I caused a copy of this 

document to be served upon all parties of record, and that such service was 

made electronically upon each counsel of record so registered with the 

United States District Court and, if applicable, via email to:

Paul D. Galea (P29250)

Gallagher Sharp

211 West Fort Street, Ste. 660

Detroit, MI 48226

(313) 962-9160 / 9167 Fax

pgalea@gallaghersharp.com; kwerner@gallaghersharp.com 

Sarah V. Beaubien (P76142)

Gallagher Sharp, LLP

420 Madison Avenue, Suite 1250

Toledo, OH 43604

(419) 241-4864 / 4866 

sbeaubien@gallaghersharp.com

Markus E. Apelis (P80275)

GALLAGHER SHARP LLP

Bulkley Building – Sixth Floor

1501 Euclid Avenue

Cleveland, Ohio 44115

Phone: (216) 241-5310

Fax: (216) 241-1608

mapelis@gallaghersharp.com

/s/ Jess G. Webster

Jess G. Webster, WSB No. 11402

Miller Nash Graham & Dunn LLP

Pier 70, 2801 Alaskan Way, Suite 300

Seattle, WA 98121-1128

Telephone: 206.624.8300

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Fax: 206.340.9599

Email: jess.webster@millernash.com

Attorneys for Plaintiff

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877-ERGOTEK (374-6835)

wiker@ergotek.net

STEVEN F. WIKER, PH.D., CPE

PROFILE 

Dr. Wiker conducts basic and applied research, consults and taught in the fields of ergonomics/human factors, 

occupational biomechanics and safety engineering. The objectives of his research are to improve worker health, 

safety, and performance by improving working environment, equipment, and job design. His efforts have focused 

upon the identification and control of performance, safety and health problems that arise from biomechanical, 

physiological, or perceptual-cognition-motor problems that are encountered in the industrial workplace, aboard 

automobiles, aerospace and marine vehicles, or when using consumer products. Efforts are often incorporated 

into: a) design guidelines, specifications or standards, b) computer-models for hazard identification and implementation of administrative or engineering controls of biomechanical, physiological, and perceptual-motor related 

performance, health, and safety problems, c) improved design and usability of equipment, products and automobile, marine and aerospace vehicles and c) construction of textbooks and design handbooks. 

EDUCATION 

Ph.D. Industrial & Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 1986 

M.S. Industrial & Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 1982 

M.S. Biological Sciences (physiology), George Washington University 1981 

B.S. Physiology, University of California, Davis 1975 

HONORS AND AWARDS 

1. Pan-Hellenic Top Ten University Faculty of 2008

College of Engineering, West Virginia University 

2. Alpha Pi Mu, Industrial Engineering Honor Society

3. Tau Beta Pi, Engineering Honor Society

4. Senior Member, Institute of Industrial Engineers

5. Sigma Xi, Life Member

6. Editorial Board, International Industrial Ergonomics Journal, J Virtual Reality 

7. Outstanding Oral Technical Presentation Award, Society of Automotive Engineers Conference of Aerospace Manufacturing Technology 1997

8. Who's Who: Science & Engineering, Professional Safety, American Education, West, Mid-West, 

Emerging Leaders in America, and in the World 

9. Center for Robotics and Integrated Manufacturing Fellowship 1981-1982 

10. Chair, Industrial Ergonomics Technical Group, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 1995-1996 

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Steven F. Wiker, Ph.D., CPE

11. Ford Motor Company Fellowship 1983-1985 

12. International Chair, International Conference on Environmental Systems 1997 

13. International Vice Chair, International Conference on Environmental Systems 1996 

14. Men of Achievement 1986 to May-09 

15. National Institutes of Occupational Health & Safety Traineeship 1979-1984 

16. Technical Chair, American Institutes for Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1994-1995 

17. United States Coast Guard, Humanitarian Service Medal, 1993 

18. United States Coast Guard, Letter of Commendation, 1979 

19. United States Coast Guard, Achievement Medal,1988 

20. United States Coast Guard, Unit Commendation Medal 1990, 1992 

21. United States Coast Guard, Achievement Medal, 1992 

Current: 1 JAN 2017	 	 2 of 30

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Steven F. Wiker, Ph.D., CPE

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 

DIRECTOR, ERGONOMIC DESIGN INSTITUTE, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON (2010-PRESENT) 

Serves as the Director and Chief Executive Officer with associated responsibilities. Administered and 

directed research and development, educational and consultation programs, and manages associated 

senior staff. Specific activities included representing the Institute, development of strategic development and 

research plans, financial operational planning, development or oversight of research and development 

programs, proposals and budgeting, and development of joint university, industrial and public sector teams. 

PRINCIPLE, ERGOTEK, INC. (1987-PRESENT) 

Consultant in the field of industrial engineering with focus upon subspecialties of biomechanics, ergonomics, 

human factors and safety engineering. Consultancies span product, equipment, environmental and task or 

job design in workplace, home and avocational environs. Consultations focus upon psychological, 

engineering, biomechanical, industrial design, graphical design, linear, nonlinear and multivariate statistics, 

operations research, human physiology and anatomy and anthropometry. Accident reconstruction, failure 

analysis, safety program and hazard countermeasure analyses are performed regularly. Goals of work are 

to enhance human performance and eliminate or reduce risk of human injury and property damage or loss.

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AND DIRECTOR, ERGONOMICS & SAFETY ENGINEERING PROGRAM AND 

ERGONOMICS LABORATORY. INDUSTRIAL AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF 

ENGINEERING & MINING RESOURCES, WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY, MORGANTOWN, WEST 

VIRGINIA (2003 - 2010) 

Directed academic and research program in ergonomics and safety engineering, and the Ergonomics 

Laboratory. Taught undergraduate, graduate and continuing education courses in industrial ergonomics, 

advanced human factors engineering, safety engineering and accident reconstruction; supervised graduate 

students, and directed, supervised, and funded research projects in ergonomics and safety engineering. 

VISITING PROFESSOR, INDUSTRIAL AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & 

MINING RESOURCES, WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY, MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA 

(2001-2002) 

Taught undergraduate, graduate and continuing education courses in industrial ergonomics, advanced 

human factors engineering, safety engineering and accident reconstruction; supervise graduate students, 

and directed, supervised, and funded research projects in ergonomics and safety engineering. 

DIRECTOR, ERGONOMIC DESIGN INSTITUTE, BELLEVUE, WASHINGTON (1997-2000) 

Served as the Director and Chief Executive Officer with associated responsibilities. Administered and 

directed research and development, educational and consultation programs, and manages associated 

senior staff. Specific activities included representing the Institute, development of strategic development and 

research plans, financial operational planning, development or oversight of research and development 

programs, proposals and budgeting, and development of joint university, industrial and public sector teams. 

Served as the Head of ergonomics and safety engineering technical divisions. 

ADJUNCT ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, 

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON (1997 - 2000) 

Teach undergraduate, graduate and continuing education courses in industrial ergonomics, advanced 

human factors engineering, safety engineering and accident reconstruction; supervise graduate students, 

and directed, supervised, and funded research projects in ergonomics and safety engineering. 

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ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, SCHOOL OF PUBLIC 

HEALTH AND COMMUNITY MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, 

WASHINGTON AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF 

WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON (1997 - 2000) (1993 - 1997) 

Developed and taught graduate and continuing education courses in industrial ergonomics, advanced 

human factors engineering, and safety engineering; supervised graduate students, and directed, supervised, 

and funded the Ergonomics Laboratory. Served as Director, Occupational Safety Program, Northwest Center 

for Occupational Safety and Health. 

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF 

WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 (1988-1994) 

Developed and taught undergraduate and graduate courses in human factors engineering and industrial 

ergonomics, advising undergraduate and graduate students, directing, supervising, and funding the human 

performance and ergonomics research laboratory. 

DIRECTOR, TELEROBOTICS LABORATORY, WISCONSIN CENTER FOR SPACE AUTOMATION & 

ROBOTICS, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 (1991-1994) 

Administration of the laboratory, engineering and scientific support staff, and research assistants; formulation 

and construction of research and development proposals; pursuit of funding from government and industrial 

sources; management and conduct of experimental research; publication of research findings, industrial 

consultation; development of joint university and industrial space commercialization projects; and 

development and supervision of space flight experiments. 

HEAD, TELEOPERATOR ERGONOMICS LABORATORY (1986-1988) NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS 

CENTER, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 

Established and served as a principal investigator in the Teleoperator Ergonomics Laboratory, NOSC, San 

Diego. Supervised research staff in basic and applied research and development efforts concerned with 

analysis of teleoperator workload and improvement of controls and information and software display 

systems for teleoperator and teleautonomous systems. Responsibilities included formulation and 

construction of research and development proposals, pursuit of funding from DOD and other governmental 

agencies, management and conduct of experimental research, publication of research findings, and periodic 

consultations on ergonomic or human factors engineering design problems. Served as principal investigator 

on the following projects: Teleoperator Remote Presence Systems (TOPS); Master Controller, Tactile 

Display, Tactile Sensor, and Teleoperator Performance Test Battery Development 

SENIOR RESEARCH ENGINEER, JAMES M. MILLER ENGINEERING, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48109 

(1980-1983) 

Responsibilities included management and conduct of product and workplace design review, evaluation, and 

testing, as well as conduct of post-accident engineering forensic analyses with primary emphasis in product 

or workplace performance, health, and safety criteria. Typical activities included consultation with clients 

concerning product design or liability issues, preparing proposals, managing client accounts, designing and 

execution of product/workplace human factors/ergonomic analyses or accident reconstructions, and 

preparation of engineering reports or for depositions/testimony for clients. 

RESEARCH PROGRAM MANAGER AND PRINCIPAL SCIENTIST, OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND 

DEVELOPMENT, U. S. COAST GUARD, WASHINGTON, DC(1976-1979) 

Served as a principal investigator and program manager tasked with developing, managing, and conducting 

experimental research in the area of industrial and human factors engineering. Research programs in boat 

and ship task analysis, vessel control station and display panel design, thermal protective clothing design 

and immersion hypothermia treatment, visual distress signal design, recreational boat safety, and 

development of design guidance for ship design, were principal areas of responsibility. 

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MILITARY SERVICE 

COMMANDER, U.S. COAST GUARD RESERVE, WASHINGTON, DC ACTIVE DUTY (1976-1980) AND 

ACTIVE RESERVE DUTY (1980-2000) 

Served as Commanding, Executive, Readiness, Training, and Administrative Officers at Port Safety and 

Security, Vessel Augmentation, and Search and Rescue Units located in Toledo, OH, Honolulu, HI, 

Milwaukee, WI, Duluth, MN, or Detroit, MI. Responsible for all phases of the organization, management, and 

performance of the reserve units augmented regular units charged with port safety, vessel inspection, 

search and rescue and naval engineering duties. Led and supervised up to 11 officers and 70 enlisted 

personnel. 

Professional Experience Indicators: Industrial Engineer, Search and Rescue, and Port Safety and Security. 

NAVY HOSPITAL CORPSMEN ATTACHED TO U.S. MARINE CORPS ACTIVE DUTY (1971-1973) AND 

ACTIVE RESERVE DUTY (1973-1976) 

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RESEARCH FUNDING 

PERIOD ROLE TITLE AGENCY FUNDING

2012-2014 PI Ergonomic Analysis of Housekeeping Tasks Hyatt Hotel Inc. $171,710

2011-2011 PI Ergonomic Analysis of Housekeepers California Hotel 

and Lodging 

Association

$86,000

2007-2009 PI Advanced Biomechanical and 

Cardiopulmonary Assessment Suit 

(ABACAS) Development Program

NIOSH $192,000

2006-2007 PI NAVAIR SWARM Human Factors Interface 

Design

NAVIAR via 

Augusta Systems

$50,000

2006-2007 PI Advanced Biomechanical and 

Cardiopulmonary Assessment Suit 

(ABACAS) Development Program

NIOSH $235,463

2006-2007 PI NAVAIR SWARM Human Factors Interface 

Design

NAVAIR via 

Augusta Systems

$50,000

2005-2010 PI Safety Engineering and Ergonomics 

Training Program

NIOSH 250,000

2005-2006 PI Advanced Biomechanical and 

Cardiopulmonary Assessment Suit 

(ABACAS) Development Program

NIOSH 100,000

2003-2005 PI Improvements in Plant Facilities Through 

Development of Work-Posture Prediction 

Models

Mail-Well 

Corporation, CO

100,000

1999-2000 PI Ergonomic Hazard Abatement Project United States 

Navy

267,000

1998-2002 Co-PI Human Factors Engineering and Safety 

Research Support Contract

United States 

Coast Guard 

Research and 

Development 

Center, Groton, 

CT

1,200,000

1996-1997 PI Lumber Grader Ergonomic Intervention 

Study 

Weyerhaeuser 

Corporation

75,000

1995-1996 PI Autostereovision Display Research National Science 

Foundation SBIR 

Research Grant

40,000

1995-1995 PI Telerobotic Performance Analysis System 

Test Battery 

NASA 30,000

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1994-1999 Co-PI Coast Guard Human Factors & Ergonomics 

Research Multi- Task Order Contract

United States 

Coast Guard 

Research and 

Development 

Center, Groton, 

CT

$5,000,000

1994-1997 PI Tactile Display Design for Computer Users 

Who Are Blind

National Institutes 

for Disability & 

Rehabilitation 

Research, 

Washing ton, DC

$76,000

1994-1995 PI Orthotic Lumbar Garment Analysis USA Support, Inc. $22,845

1989-1992 CI Risk of Low-Back Injury in Municipal 

Employees

Centers for 

Disease Control

$33,000

1993 CI Educational Resource Center Grant National Institutes 

for Disability & 

Rehabilitation 

Research, 

Washing ton, DC

$3,500,000

1993 Co-PI Human-Orientated Technologies & 

Telerobotic

NASA $412,000

1993 Co-PI Human-Orientated Technologies & 

Telerobotic Performance, Wisconsin Center 

for Space Automation & Robotics 

NASA $412,000

1993 PI Vibrotactile Display Development for 

Master- Controllers 

Orbitec Inc. $35,000

1993 Co-PI Human-Orientated Technologies & 

Telerobotic Performance, Wisconsin Center 

for Space Automation & Robotics 

NASA $612,300

1992 PI Job Energy Management Model Association of 

American 

Railroads

$40,000

1992 Co-PI Human-Orientated Technologies & 

Telerobotic Performance, Wisconsin Center 

for Space Automation & Robotics 

NASA $505,000

1991 Co-PI Human-Orientated Technologies & 

Telerobotic Performance, Wisconsin Center 

for Space Automation & Robotics 

NASA $525,800

1991 Co-PI Undergraduate Human Factors Teaching 

Laboratory Grant

State of 

Wisconsin

$258,000

1989 PI Posture Prediction Model for Use in 

Computer-Aided Design Systems 

Incorporating Ergonomic Design 

WARF Grant $28,500

PERIOD ROLE TITLE AGENCY FUNDING

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1989 PI Development of Ergonomic Design Guide Association of 

American 

Railroads

$152,000

1976-1981 PI Human Factors and Ergonomics Research 

Projects 

U.S. Coast Guard 

and U.S. Navy 

$10,000,000

Total Funding $24,459,618

PERIOD ROLE TITLE AGENCY FUNDING

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PROFESSIONAL SERVICE ACTIVITIES 

EDITORIAL BOARDS 

1. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 1993-2000 

2. Journal of Virtual Reality 2005-Present 

REVIEWER 

1. IEEE Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology 

2. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 

3. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 

4. Journal of Ergonomics 

5. Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 

6. Journal of Applied Ergonomics 

7. Journal of Accident Analysis and Prevention 

8. Journal of Learning and Individual Differences 

OFFICES HELD IN PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES 

1. Technical Program Chair 2007, Aging, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 

2. General International Chair, Society of Automotive Engineering’s 27 th International Conference on 

Environmental Systems, 1996-1997. 

3. Vice-Chair, Society of Automotive Engineering’s 26 th International Conference on Environmental 

Systems, 1995-1996. 

4. Technical Chair, American Institutes of Aeronautics and Astronautics Society of Automotive Engineering’s 25 th International Conference on Environmental Systems 1994-1995 

5. Representative, Human Factors Society's Council of Technical Groups (Professional Educators) 

1991-1993 

6. Editor, Human Factors Society's Professional Educators' Newsletter 1991-1993 

7. Chair, Awards Committee for International Industrial Ergonomics & Safety Foundation 1992-1993 

INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP: 

1. Committee E-34.0 Occupational Health and Safety, American Standards and Testing of Materials 

(ASTM) 

2. Safety Requirements for Products, Equipment and Facilities, American Standards and Testing of 

Materials (ASTM) Subcommittee E-34.80 

3. Life Sciences Technical Committee, American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 

4. Human Factors Engineering Working Group, American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics 

5. U.S. Coast Guard’s Committee on Maritime Medicine 

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CHAIR, SYMPOSIA (1993 AND BEYOND) 

1. Exploring Age Differences in Kinematics, Perception and Cognition. Annual Meeting of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Orlando, FL Sept. 30, 2005. 

2. Preventing Musculoskeletal Injuries in Construction Industry, Northwest Construction Safety Conference, Seattle, WA, September 12-13, 1994. 

3. Psychomotor Performance, Rehabilitation Ergonomics Conference, 12th Triennial Congress of the 

International Ergonomics Association, Toronto, Canada, August 15-19, 1994. 

4. Telesciences & Telerobotics, Joint SAE & AIAA International Conferences on Environmental Life 

Support Systems, Friedrichshaften, Germany, June 21-25, 1994. 

5. Crew Interface & Human Factors in Robotics Operations, AIAA Space Programs and Technologies 

Conference, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, Sept 21-23, 1993. 

6. Three-Dimensional Vision, Fifth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Orlando, FL August 8-13th, 1993. 

PUBLIC LECTURES 

1. 2002 Costa Rica’s Ecology and Technological Advancement, Red Hill High School, Chesapeake, 

Ohio 

2. 1997 - Invited Speaker, “Seating Biomechanics.” Oregon Governor’s Occupational Safety & Health 

Conference, Portland, Oregon, March 3-5. 

3. 1996 - Invited Speaker, “Future Office Design.” Oregon OSHA Office Ergonomics Boot Camp. 

4. 1994- Getting a grip on work. Puget Sound Chapter of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 

5. 1992 - Minicourse on Telerobotics, Cherokee School, Public School System, Madison, WI 

6. 1991- Invited Speaker, Annual Engineers Day, University of Wisconsin College of Engineering 

7. 1991- Invited Speaker, Fall Day On Campus, University of Wisconsin Alumni Association 

8. 1992-Participant & Speaker, Expanding Your Horizons in Science, Engineering and Mathematics, 

Society of Women Engineers 

9. 1991-Participant & Speaker, Expanding Your Horizons in Science, Engineering and Mathematics, 

Society of Women Engineers 

10. 1990-Participant & Speaker, Expanding Your Horizons in Science, Engineering and Mathematics, 

Society of Women Engineers 

11. 1989-Participant & Speaker, Expanding Your Horizons in Science, Engineering and Mathematics, 

Society of Women Engineers 

12. 1989-Key Speaker, Annual Bascom Hill Society Event, University of Wisconsin 

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ADVISING AND SUPPORTING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES 

1. 2008-Judge, JETS State High School Math and Physics Competition, West Virginia 

2. 2007-Judge, JETS State High School Math and Physics Competition, West Virginia 

3. 1989-Judge, National Science Teacher's Association, Destination Mars- High School NASA Science Competition 

4. 1988-Advisor, Westinghouse Science Project Competition, Memorial High School 

PRO BONO CONSULTATIONS (SINCE 1994) 

1. 2005, West Virginia State Journal, Ergonomics Series 

2. 1994, MEDEX Program, University of Washington: Evaluation and modification of office work station. 

3. 1994, Office of Personnel, University of Washington: Consultation on proposed keyboard and 

mouse designs. 

4. 1994, Newspaper Pressmen, Seattle, Washington: Consultation on design of press roller and 

cleaning operations, and assessment of request for hoist equipment. 

5. 1994, Hanford Environmental Health Foundation, Hanford, Washington: Ergonomics and Safety 

Program Review 

OTHER COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES 

1. President, Mont Chateau Estates Homeowner’s Association 2009-2010

2. Board Member, Mont Chateau Estates Homeowner’s Association 2007-2009 

3. President, Swim Team Booster Club, Sammamish High School, Bellevue, Washington (1994-1997) 

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PROFESSIONAL LICENSURE AND MEMBERSHIPS 

PROFESSIONAL LICENSURE 

1. Certified Professional Ergonomist, License No. 97 

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIP 

1. Aerospace Medical Association 

2. American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics 

3. American Society for Engineering Education 

4. American Society of Biomechanics 

5. American Society of Safety Engineers 6. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 

6. Illuminating Engineering Society of North America 

7. Institute of Industrial Engineers, Senior Member 

8. International Society of Biomechanics 

9. International Industrial Ergonomics & Safety Foundation 

10. New York Academy of Sciences 

11. American College of Occupational Medicine 

12. Reserve Officers Association 

CORPORATE BOARD MEMBER 

1. Sevrain Tech, Inc. 1987-1990 

2. Unified Technologies, Inc. 1990-1993 

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CONSULTING EXPERIENCE 

1. Anheuser-Busch Corporation 

2. Association of American Railroads 

3. Augusta Systems, Inc. 

4. Battelle Laboratories 

5. Boeing Company 

6. United Carpenters Union 

7. Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railroad 

8. Carpenter’s Union 

9. California Lodging and Hotel Association 

10. California Safety Associates, Inc. 

11. Conrail Railroad 10. CSX Railroad 

12. Educorp Software 

13. Essex Corporation 

14. ExecuTech Inc. 

15. Firestone Tire and Rubber Company 

16. Ford Motor Company 

17. Foss Tugboats 

18. General Motors Corporation 

19. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology 

20. Hyatt Hotels 

21. Injury Prevention Center, The Johns Hopkins University 

22. Kansas City Southern Railroad 

23. Mikelson Yachts 

24. National Institutes of Safety and Health (NlOSH) 

25. Nintendo Corporation 

26. Norfolk Southern Railroad 

27. Orbitec Inc. 

28. OSHA, Federal 

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29. OSHA, Oregon 

30. Owens/Corning Fiberglas 

31. Pacific-Sierra Research Corporation 

32. Phelps Dodge Magnet, Inc. 

33. Santa Fe Railroad 

34. Sevrain Tech, Inc. 

35. Sony Corporation 

36. Southern Pacific Railroad 

37. Union Pacific Railroad 

38. United Parcel Service 

39. United States Coast Guard 

40. United States Navy NAVSEA 

41. United States Navy NAVAIR 

42. United States Navy Seals 

43. United States Nuclear Defense Agency 

44. Washington Post 

45. Washington State, SHARP 

46. Weyerhaeuser Corporation 

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PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS 

1. Wiker, S. F., Schwerha, D. J. and Jaraiedi, M. (2009) Auditory and visual distractor decrement in 

older worker manual assembly task learning: Impact of spatial reasoning, field independence and 

level of education. Intl J of Human Factors & Ergonomics in Manufacturing. 19(4): 300-317. 

2. Schwerha, D. J., Wiker, S.F. and Jaraiedi, M. (2007) Effect of distracters, age and level of education upon psychomotor task learning. Intl J Industrial Ergonomics, 37: 801-809. 

3. Wiker, S. F. and Baggio, V. (2007) Pre-Exertion perceptions of musculoskeletal overexertion injury 

risk: An assessment of age, gender, anthropometric, and lifting task factors. Proceedings Human 

Factors & Ergonomics Society, Baltimore, MD pp. 50- 53. 

4. Wiker, S. F., Sinsel, E, McFerron, J. Jackson, M., Westfall, B. Maduri, A. (2007) Use of back-propagation genetic algorithms for parsing and classification of continuous wholebody kinematic posture 

time histories into analytically useful subtasks. Proceedings of 11th International Conference on 

Human Aspects of Advanced Manufacturing Agility and Hybrid Automation, Poznan, Poland, 

9th-12th July, 2007. 

5. Wiker, S. F., E. Sinsel and J. McFerron (2007) Prediction of hand forces and moments using neural 

net modeling of ground reaction forces and kinematic data. J Biomechanics, 40, Supplement 2, 

S28 

6. Wiker, S. F., Sinsel, E. and McFerron, J. (2007) Prediction of hand forces and moments using 

neural net modeling of ground reaction forces and kinematic data. Proceedings of International 

Society of Biomechanics. Taipei, Taiwan. 

7. Wiker, S. F., Maduri, A, Jackson, M., Westfall, B. McFerron, J and Sinsel, E.(2007) Interaction of 

industrial task kinematics and optical retro-reflective marker cluster spacing: An analysis of marker 

detection accuracy and cost of data reduction. Proceedings of the International Society of Optical Engineering, Boston, MA. Abstract 

8. Wiker, S. F., Jackson, M., Westfall, B. Maduri, A, McFerron, J and Sinsel, E. (2007) Development 

and validation of a testbed for rapid prototyping and evaluation of Automated Biomechanical and 

Cardiopulmonary Sensor Suite (ABACAS) Systems. Proceedings of the International Society of 

Optical Engineering, Boston, MA. Abstract 

9. McDowell, T. W., Wiker, S. F., Dong, R. G. and Welcome, D. E. (2007) Effects of vibration on grip 

and push force-recall performance. Intl J Industrial Ergonomics, 37(3): 257-266. 

10. McDowell, T. W., Wiker, S. F., Dong, R. G., Welcome, D. E. and Schopper, A. W. (2006) Evaluation 

of psychometric estimates of vibratory hand-tool grip and push forces. Proceedings of the First 

American Conference on Human Vibration. Morgantown, WV, 10-12 June.

11. Wiker, S. F., Schwerha, D. J. and Jaraiedi, M. (2006) Impact of auditory and visual distractors upon 

manual assembly task: learning among older workers with different levels of spatial reasoning and 

field dependence. Proceedings of the 50th Annual Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 

Conference. San Francisco, California, October 16-20, pp 200-204. 

12. Schwerha, D. J., Wiker, S. F. and Jaraiedi, M. (2006) Impact of age and distractors upon learning a 

manual assembly task. Proceedings of the International Ergonomics Association. 10-15 July, 

Maastricht, Netherlands. 

13. McDowell, T. W., Wiker, S. F., Dong, R. G., Welcome, D. E. and Schopper, A. W. (2006) Evaluation 

of psychometric estimates of vibratory hand-tool grip and push forces. Intl J Industrial Ergonomics 36(2):119-128. 

14. Wiker, S. F. (2005) Ergonomic risks, interventions and economic gains. Proceedings of the Eighth 

Conference and Exhibition on Occupational Safety and Health. 28-29 June, Kuala Lumpur, 

Malaysia. 

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15. Wiker, S. F. (2005) Impact of design features upon perceived tool usability and safety. Proceedings of International Society for Optical Engineering: Intelligent Systems in Design and 

Manufacturing VI 5999(OE05-SA108-29):R1-R14. 

16. Wiker, S. F. (2005) Challenges facing developers of CAD/CAM models that seek to predict human 

working postures. Proceedings of International Society for Optical Engineering: Intelligent 

Systems in Design and Manufacturing VI 5999(OE05- SA108-28):Q1-Q7. 

17. Wiker, S. F. (2003) Statistical challenges facing development of epidemiologically- validated lowback injury risk predictive and descriptive models using biomechanical, anthropometric or consensus-based ergonomic risk prevention guidelines. Seminars in Spine Surgery 15(1): 3-15. 

18. Myers, A., Baker, S. P., Li, G., Smith, G., Wiker, S.F., Liang, K. and Johnson, J. (1999) Back injury 

in municipal workers: A case-control study. Am J Public Health 89(7): 1036- 1041. 

19. Spielholz, P., Wiker, S. F. and Silverstein, B. (1998) An ergonomic characterization of work in concrete form construction. Journal American Industrial Hygiene Assoc 59(9): 629-635. 

20. Spielholz, P. and Wiker S.F. (1996), Communicating ergonomic hazards in the face of outrage. Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety (8): 758-762. 

21. Wiker, S. F., Stewart, K., Meyers, T. and Spielholz, P. (1996) Printed Circuit Board Visual Inspection 

Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Mono- and Stereovision Macroscopic Views. Society of 

Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Paper No. 3012-07. 

22. Wiker, S. F., Baker, D. R., Arndt, S. R. and Zhou, W. (1996) Impact of Varying Levels of Autostereovision Upon Telemanipulation. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 40 

th Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, Taylor and Francis, pp. 688-692. 

23. Spielholz P and Wiker SF, (1996) Reports of Regional Body Discomfort During Carpenter Apprentice Training. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 40 th Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, Taylor and Francis, pp. 688-692. 

24. Spielholz, P. and Wiker, S.F. (1995), Assessing Ergonomic Hazards in Unstructured Work Using 

Work Sampling Techniques: An Application in the Construction of Concrete Formwork, Advances 

in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety (7): 75-80. 

25. Zhou, W., Duffie, N. and Wiker, S. F. (1994) Control of grasping force in teleoperation using model 

reference adaptive approach. American Institutes of Aeronautics & Astronautics. 94(1440):1-7.

26. Zhou, W., Duffie, N., & Wiker, S. (1994). Control of grasping force in teleoperation using model reference adaptive approach (No. 941440). SAE Technical Paper. 

27. Wiker, S.F. and Chen, A. (1994) Accuracy and efficacy of using pictograms for self- report of postures assumed when performing lifting tasks. Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety 4: 

641-644. 

28. Mital, A., Deivanayagam, S., Malzahn, D., Wiker, S., Vanderheiden, G. C. and Freivalds, A. (1994): 

Educating People with Disabilities. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting p. 417. 

29. Wiker, S. F. and Fuerlinger, S. (1994) Impact of cyclic pinch-grasp force, duration and frequency 

upon perceived grasp force and localized discomfort in the hand and arm. Advances in Industrial 

Ergonomics and Safety. 4: 569-572. 

30. Wiker, S. F. (1993) Human factors in space automation and robotics. Aerospace America 31(10): 

30-35. 

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31. Wiker, S. F., Page, G. and McMahan, P.B. (1993) Ergonomic seating design. In Hansen, D. (Ed) 

The Work Environment. New York: Lewis Press, Inc, Vol. 3: 173-192. 

32. Wiker, S. F. (1993) Telerobotic performance analysis system: An analysis of reach, move, and position elements. American Institutes of Aeronautics & Astronautics. 93(4112) 

33. Zhou, W., Duffie, N. and Wiker, S. F. (1993) Identification of human grasp dynamics in teleoperation. American Institutes of Aeronautics & Astronautics. 93(4112):1-10. 

34. Wiker, S. F. (1993) Telemanipulation: Master-controller design issues. Advances in Human Factors & Ergonomics 19(A): 173-178.

35. Wiker, S. F. (1993). Telemanipulation: Master-Controller Design Issues. Human Computer Interface (1) 173-178. 

36. Lee, S., Wiker, S. F. and G.C. Vanderheiden (1993) Interactive haptic interface: Two- dimensional 

form perception for blind access to computers. Advances in Human Factors & Ergonomics

19(B): 190-195. 

37. Wiker, S. F. (1993) Teaching ergonomic theory and practice using computer models. In Knadler, Jr., 

C. and Vakilzadian, H. (Eds.) International Conference on Simulation in Engineering. 25(3): 71-

75.

38. Wiker, S. F. (1993). Teaching Ergonomic Theory and Practice Using Computer Models. Simulation 

Series, 25, 71-71. 

39. Lee, S, Wiker, SF and Vanderheiden, G.(1993) Interactive haptic interface: two- dimensional form 

perception for blind access to computers. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on 

Human-Computer Interaction, Vol 2., pp 190-5. 

40. Wiker, S. F. and Duffie, N.A. (1992) Grasp force control in telemanipulation. American Institutes of 

Aeronautics & Astronautics 92(1453): 1-12. 

41. Wiker, S. F. and Stultz, M. (1992) NIOSH Work Practices Guide for Manual Lifting: Posturally-based 

differences in perceived stress in lifting tasks of equivalent design merit. In Kumar, S. (Ed.) Advances in Industrial Ergonomics & Safety. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis, p. 607-614. 

42. Wiker, S. F., Jones, T., Baker, S., Myers, A., Smith, G. and Edwards, C. (1992) Measurement of 

indices of ergonomic stress in an epidemiological study of low-back injuries in municipal workers. In 

Kumar, S. (Ed.) Advances in Industrial Ergonomics & Safety. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis, 

p. 913-920. 

43. Baker, S. P., Jones, T. M., Myers, A. H., Wiker, S. F., Smith, G., Corn, M., Sznajder, J. (1992) Prevention of low-back injuries in municipal workers. In Kumar, S. (Ed.) Advances in Industrial Ergonomics & Safety. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis, p. 921-924. 

44. Wiker, S. F. and Lee, S. (1992) Control and gauging grasp force in telemanipulators: A comparison 

of direct force and electrocutaneous display systems. In Kumar, S. (Ed.) Advances in Industrial 

Ergonomics & Safety. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis, p. 1243-1251. 

45. Wiker, S. F. (1992) Posturally-mediated perceptions of strain encountered when lifting: A preliminary analysis of the basis and value in predicting worker posture. Computer Applications in Ergonomics, Occupational Safety and Health. Amsterdam: North- Holland, p. 497-509. 

46. Wiker, SF. (1992) Posturally-mediated perceptions of strain encountered when lifting. A preliminary 

analysis of the basis and value in predicting worker posture. Proceedings of the International 

Conference on Computer Aided Ergonomics and Safety, Computer Applications in Ergonomics, pp. 497. 

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47. Wiker, S. F. (1991) Fatigue, discomfort, and changes in the psychometric function found with repetitive pinch grasps. Designing for Everyone: Proceedings of the 11 th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Paris. New York: Taylor & Francis, p. 368-370. 

48. Wiker, S. F. (1991) Review of Haslegrave, Wilson, Corlett and Manenica (Eds) Work Design in 

Practice. IEEE J Engineering in Medicine and Biology, Dec. p. 68. 

49. Wiker, S. F., Vanderheiden, G., Lee, S. and Arndt, S. (1991) Development of tactile mice for blind 

access to computers: Importance of stimulation locus, object size, and vibrotactile display resolution. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35 th Annual Meeting, p. 708-712. 

50. Wiker, S. F. and Duffie, N. A. (1990) Telerobotic Performance Analysis System (TPAS). Proceedings of the Annual Space Operations Automation and Robotics Conference, Albuquerque, 

NM, June 26-28 th. 

51. Wiker, S. F. ,Duffie, N. A. , Yen, T., Gayle, K. (1990) Comparison of Force and Tactile Feedback for 

Telemanipulation Grasp Force Control. Proceedings of the Annual Space Operations Automation and Robotics Conference, Albuquerque, NM, June 26- 28 th. 

52. Duffie, N.A. , Wiker, S. F., Zik, J. and Gayle, K. (1990) Impact of Inertia, Friction and Backlash Upon 

Control of Grasp Force in Telemanipulation Proceedings of the Annual Space Operations Automation and Robotics Conference, Albuquerque, NM, June 26-28 th. 

53. Wiker, S. F., Chaffin, D. B., and Langolf, G.D. (1990) Shoulder postural fatigue and discomfort: No 

relationship with isometric strength capability in a light-weight manual assembly task. Intl J Industrial Ergonomics. 5: 133-146. 

54. Wiker, S. F. (1990) Review of Ivergard, T. (1989) Handbook of Control Room Design and Ergonomics. IEEE J Engineering in Medicine and Biology Dec. 

55. Wiker, S. F., Langolf, G. D., and Chaffin, D. B. (1989) Arm posture and human movement capability. 

Human Factors 31(4): 421-442. 

56. Wiker, S. F., Chaffin, D. B., and Langolf, G. D. (1989) Shoulder posture and localized muscle fatigue and discomfort. Ergonomics 32(20):211-237. 

57. Wiker, S. F. and Chaffin, D.B. (1989) Electromyography: An insensitive technique for characterization of postural fatigue in the shoulder complex. in Mital, A. (Ed.) Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety I. London: Taylor & Francis. 

58. Duffie, N.A., Wiker, S. F. and Zik, J. J. (1989) Test bed experiments for various telerobotic system 

characteristics and configurations. Proceedings of the Annual Space Operations Automation 

and Robotics Conference, Houston, TX, July 25-27 th. 

59. Wiker, S. F., Hershkowtiz, E., and Zik, J. (1989) Teleoperator comfort and psychometric stability: 

Criteria for limiting master-controller forces of operation and feedback during telemanipulation. 

Proceedings of the National Aeronautics & Space Administration's Conference on Space 

Telerobotics, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA. 

60. Wiker, S. F. (1988) Tactile sensing techniques for robots. In E. Heer and H. Lum (Eds.) Machine 

Intelligence and Autonomy for Aerospace Systems. Washington, DC: American Institute of 

Aeronautics & Astronautics Press. 

61. Moore, D. K., Spain, H., Uttal, W. R., Wiker, S. F. and Yamamoto, S. (1987) Advanced telerobotic 

systems under development in Japan. Scientific Bulletin 12(3): 61-70. 

62. Pepper, R.L., Kennedy, R.S., Bittner, Jr., A.C., Wiker, S.F., and Harbeson, M.M. (1985) Performance evaluation tests for environmental research (PETER): Code substitution test. Perceptual 

Motor Skills, 61: 735-745. 

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63. Langolf, G. D., Chaffin, D. B., Wiker, S. F., Anderson, C. K., and Evans, S. M. (1984) Ergonomic 

problems and improvements in automobile assembly operations. SAE Technical Paper No. 

840038. 

64. Wiker, S. F. and Miller, J. M. (1983) Acceleration exposures in forward seating areas of bowrider 

recreational boats. Human Factors 25(3): 319-327. 

65. Wiker, S. F., Kennedy, R. S. and Pepper, R. L. (1983) Performance evaluation tests for environmental research (PETER): Navigation plotting task. Aviat Space Environ Med 54(2): 144-149. 

66. Wiker, S. F., Pepper, R. L. and McCauley, M. E. (1981) A vessel class comparison of physiological, 

affective state, and psychomotor performance changes in men at sea. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Research Methods in Human Motion and Vibration Studies, New 

Orleans, LA, Sep . 

67. Pepper, R. L., Kennedy, R. S., Bittner Jr., A. C. and Wiker, S. F. (1980) Performance evaluation 

tests for environmental research (PETER): Code substitution test. Proceedings of the 7 th Psychology in the Department of Defense Symposium, U. S. Air Force Academy. 

68. Wiker, S. F. and Pepper, R. L. (1979) Habituation of crew performance, stress and mood aboard a 

SWATH and monohull vessel. Oceans. 11(9): 153-158. 

69. Wiker, S. F. Kennedy, R. S. , McCauley, M. E., and Pepper, R. L. (1979) Susceptibility to seasickness: Influence of hull design and steaming direction. Aviat Space Environ Med 50(10): 1046-51. 

70. Pepper, R. L. and Wiker, S. F. (1979) Repeated assessment of stress, mood, and performance 

changes resulting from exposure to vessel motions at sea. Proceedings of the 23 rd Annual 

Meeting of the Human Factors Society, Boston, MA. 

71. Wiker, S. F., Kennedy, R. S., McCauley, M. E. and Pepper, R. L. (1979) Reliability, validity, and application of an improved scale for assessment of motion sickness severity. Proceedings of the 

Annual Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Society, Washington, DC. 

72. Wiker, S. F. (1977) Perspectives in collision stressor research. Boating Safety Fall: 1-6.

BOOKS 

73. Wiker, S. F.(2012) Promoting Safety Through Effective Application of Human Factors Engineering, 

in Haight, J. (Ed.) Safety Professional’s Handbook. Second Ed. Des Plaines: American Society 

of Safety Engineers. 

74. Wiker, S. F. (2012) Ergonomic design and overexertion injury risk. In Li, G. and Baker, S. (Eds.) 

Injury Research: Theories, Methods and Approaches. New York: Springer. 

75. Wiker, S.F. (2009) Accommodation through improved design. Kumar, S (Ed.) Ergonomics for Rehabilitation Professionals. New York: CRC Press. 

76. Wiker, S. F.(2008) Importance of Human Factors Engineering in Promotion of Safety, in Haight, J. 

(Ed.) Safety Professional’s Handbook. Des Plaines: American Society of Safety Engineers.

77. Wiker, S. F. (1988) Tactile sensing techniques for robots. In E. Heer and H. Lum (Eds.) Machine 

Intelligence and Autonomy for Aerospace Systems. Washington, DC: American Institute of 

Aeronautics & Astronautics Press. 

DISSERTATIONS AND THESES 

78. Wiker, S. F. (1986) Effects of relative hand location upon movement capability and fatigue. Dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Chaired by: D. B. Chaffin & G. D. Langolf. 

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79. Wiker, S. F. (1981) Motion sickness and associated physiological response to ship motion. Masters 

Thesis, George Washington University Washington, DC. Chaired by: R. K. Packer. 

TECHNICAL REPORTS 

80. Wiker, S. F. (2011) Evaluation of Hotel Housekeeper Physical Workload and Overexertion Injury 

Risk Reduction Proffered by Use of Fitted Bottom Sheets for Hotel Bed Making. Report No. 1-2011 

Ergonomic Design Institute, Seattle, WA. 

81. Wiker, S. F. (2007) A Human Factors Analysis Assessment of Human-SWARM Robot Interface Design. Technical Report No. 1-2007, Morgantown: West Virginia University Ergonomics Laboratory. 

82. Wiker, S. F. (2007) A Human Factors Analysis Assessment of Human-SWARM Robot Interface Design. Technical Report No. 1-2007, Morgantown: West Virginia University Ergonomics Laboratory. 

83. Wiker, S. F., Salazar, N. and Baggio, V. (2004) Ergonomic Assessment of Printing Facility Jobs. 

Technical Report No. WVU-EL 1-2004., Ergonomics Laboratory, West Virginia University. 

84. Wiker, S. F., Stewart, K., Meyers, T. and Spielholz, P. (1996) Printed Circuit Board Visual Inspection 

Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Mono- and Stereovision Macroscopic Views. Technical 

Report No. 7-29-96, Ergonomics Laboratory University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 

85. Wiker, S. F. and Stewart, K. J. (1996) Comparative Ergonomic Measurement and Evaluation of 

United Parcel Service Facilities. Technical Report No. 7-5-96, Ergonomic Design Institute, Bellevue, 

WA. 

86. Wiker, S. F., Stewart, K.J., Meyers, T. and Miner, P. (1996) Comparative Analysis of Crew Fatigue 

Response Aboard 44’ and 47’ Coast Guard Motor Life Boats. Technical Report No. 4-30-96,Ergonomics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 

87. Wiker, S. F., Baker, D. R., Arndt, S. R. and Zhou, W. (1996) Impact of Varying Levels of Autostereovision Upon Telemanipulation. Ergonomics Laboratory Technical Report, University of Washington, 

No. 2-1. 

88. Bramwell, A.T., Bittner, Jr., A.C., Kinghorn, R. A. and Wiker, S. F. (1993) 82' WPB replacement human factors engineering recommendations. U. S. Coast Guard Technical Report. 

89. Bittner, Jr., A.C, Wiker, S. F., Kinghorn, R. A. and Bramwell, A. T. (1993) 82’ WPB replacement human factors engineering recommendations: Integrated literature review and baseline design evaluation. U. S. Coast Guard Technical Report. 

90. Bittner, A. C., Jr., Wiker, S. F., Kinghorn, R. A. and Bramwell, A. T. (1993) Crew-based recommendations for improved Coast Guard patrol boat design. U. S. Coast Guard Technical Report.

91. Wiker, S. F., & Pepper, R. L. (1981). Adaptation of Crew Performance, Stress and Mood Aboard a 

SWATH and MONOHULL Vessel (No. USCG-D-18-81). COAST GUARD WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 

92. Wiker, S. F. (1988) Tactile-sensing capabilities for telerobotics. Naval Ocean Systems Center, 

Technical Report No. 1249. 

93. Wiker, S. F. (1988) Tactile-sensing techniques applicable for telerobots. Naval Ocean Systems 

Center Technical Report ADA208313. 

94. Wiker, S. F. (1988). Teletouch Display Development. Phase 1 (No. NOSC/TR-1230). NAVAL 

OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA.

95. Hightower, J. D., Smith, D. C., & Wiker, S. F. (1986). Development of remote presence technology 

for teleoperator systems. NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER San Diego, CA. 

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96. McClellan, G. E., & Wiker, S. F. (1985). A comparison of symptomatology and performance degradation for motion and radiation sickness (No. PSR). PACIFIC-SIERRA RESEARCH CORP ARLINGTON VA WASHINGTON OPERATIONS. 

97. Wiker, S. F. and Chaffin, D. B. (1984) An ergonomic analysis of selected jobs at an Owens/Corning 

Fiberglas plant. Technical Report submitted to Owens/Corning Fiberglas, Toledo, OH. 

98. Chaffin, D. B., Wiker, S. F., and Anderson, C. K. (1984) A User's Guide to the Human Static 

Strength Prediction Program: Microcomputer Version. Center for Ergonomics Technical Report, 

March. 

99. McCauley, M.E., Hennessy, R.T., and Wiker, S.F., (1984) United States Coast Guard Search and 

Rescue Crew/Small Boat Systems Performance Measurement Analysis Technical Report 

MTI-8403. Carmel, CA: Monterey Technologies, Inc., August. 

100.Wiker, S. F. (1983) Relationships between empirical and estimated human performance decrements during motion and radiation sickness. Technical Report submitted to Pacific- Sierra Research Corporation, Arlington, VA, Sep. 

101.Bittner, A. C., Jr., Wiker, S. F., Kinghorn, R. A. and Bramwell, A. T. (1993) 82’ WPB replacement 

human factors engineering recommendations: Executive Summary. U. S. Coast Guard Technical 

Report. 

102.Bittner, A. C., Jr., Wiker, S. F., Kinghorn, R. A. and Bramwell, A. T. (1993) 82’ WPB replacement 

human factors engineering recommendations: Integrated literature review and baseline design 

evaluation. U. S. Coast Guard Technical Report. 

103.Miller, J. M. and Wiker, S. F. (1981) Truck driver fatigue: A review of the literature. J.M. Miller Engineering Technical Report, June. 

104.Kennedy, R. S., Bittner Jr., A. C., Carter, R. C., Krause, M., Harbeson, M. M., McCafferty, D. B., 

Pepper, R. L., and Wiker, S. F. (1981) Performance evaluation tests for environment research (PETER): A collection of papers. Naval Biodynamics Laboratory Technical Report No. 80-R-008, July. 

105.Wiker, S. F. and Pepper, R. L. (1981) Adaptation of crew performance, stress and mood aboard a 

SWATH and monohull vessel. U. S. Coast Guard Technical Report No. CG-D- 18-81. 

106.Wiker, S. F., Pepper, R. L., and McCauley, M. E. (1980) A vessel class comparison of physiological, 

affective state, and psychomotor performance changes in men at sea. U. S. Coast Guard Technical 

Report No. CG-D-07-81. 

107.Wiker, S. F., Kennedy, R. S., McCauley, M. E., and Pepper, R. L. (1979) Reliability, validity, and 

application of an improved scale for assessment of motion sickness severity. U. S. Coast Guard 

Technical Report No. CG-D-29-79. 

108.Wiker, S. F. and Pepper, R. L. (1978) Change in crew performance, physiology, and affective state 

due to motions aboard a small monohull vessel: A preliminary study. U. S. Coast Guard Technical 

Report No. CG-D-85-78. 

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CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS (FROM 1978)

1. Wiker, S. F. and Baggio, V. (2007) Pre-Exertion perceptions of musculoskeletal overexertion injury 

risk: An assessment of age, gender, anthropometric, and lifting task factors. 50th Annual Conference of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Baltimore, MD 2-5th October. 

2. Wiker, S. F., Sinsel, E. and McFerron, J. (2007) Classification of kinematic time histories of discrete 

manual assembly reach and move therbligs using multiple discriminant analysis of trajectory path 

and linear velocity and acceleration behaviors. Eleventh International Conference on Human Aspects of Advanced Manufacturing Agility and Hybrid Automation, Poznan, Poland, 9th-12th July. 

3. Wiker, S. F., Sinsel, E, McFerron, J. Jackson, M., Westfall, B. Maduri, A. (2007) Use of back-propagation genetic algorithms for parsing and classification of continuous wholebody kinematic posture 

time histories into analytically useful subtasks. Eleventh International Conference on Human Aspects of Advanced Manufacturing Agility and Hybrid Automation, Poznan, Poland, 9th-12th July. 

4. Wiker, S. F., Sinsel, E. and McFerron, J. (2007) Prediction of hand forces and moments using 

neural net modeling of ground reaction forces and kinematic data. Annual Meeting of International 

Society of Biomechanics. Taipei, Taiwan, July 1-5. 

5. Wiker, S. F., Maduri, A, Jackson, M., Westfall, B. McFerron, J and Sinsel, E. (2007) Interaction of 

industrial task kinematics and optical retro-reflective marker cluster spacing: An analysis of marker 

detection accuracy and cost of data reduction. Annual Meeting of International Society of Optical 

Engineering—Optics East, Boston, MA, Sept 9-11. 

6. Wiker, S. F., Jackson, M., Westfall, B. Maduri, A, McFerron, J and Sinsel, E. (2007) Development 

and validation of a testbed for rapid prototyping and evaluation of Automated Biomechanical and 

Cardiopulmonary Sensor Suite (ABACAS) Systems. Annual Meeting of International Society of 

Optical Engineering—Optics East, Boston, MA Sept 9-11. 

7. Wiker, S. F., Schwerha, D. J. and Jaraiedi, M. (2006) Impact of auditory and visual distractors upon 

manual assembly task: learning among older workers with different levels of spatial reasoning and 

field dependence. The 50th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. San 

Francisco, California, October 16-20, 2006. 

8. Schwerha, D. J., Wiker, S. F. and Jaraiedi, M. (2006) Impact of age and distractors upon learning a 

manual assembly task. International Ergonomics Association Conference. 10- 15 July 2006, Maastricht, Netherlands. 

9. McDowell, T. W., Wiker, S. F., Dong, R. G., Welcome, D. E. and Schopper, A. W. (2006) Evaluation 

of psychometric estimates of vibratory hand-tool grip and push forces. Proceedings of the First 

American Conference on Human Vibration. Morgantown, WV, 10-12 June.

10. McDowell, T. W., Wiker, S. F., Dong, R. G., & Welcome, D. E. (2006). The effects of vibration on 

psychophysical grip and push force-recall accuracy. In FIRST AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON 

HUMAN VIBRATION.[vp]. 2006.. 

11. Wiker, S. F. (2005) Ergonomic risks, interventions and economic gains. Eighth Conference and 

Exhibition on Occupational Safety and Health, Putra World Trade Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 

28-29 June. 

12. Wiker, S. F. (2005) Impact of design features upon perceived tool usability and safety. Intelligent 

Systems in Design and Manufacturing VI, International Society for Optical Engineering, Boston, 

MA, October 23-26.

13. Wiker, S. F., & Seol, M. S. (2005, November). Impact of design features upon perceived tool usability and safety. In Optics East 2005 (pp. 59990R-59990R). International Society for Optics and Photonics. 

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14. Wiker, S. F. (2005) Challenges facing developers of CAD/CAM models that seek to predict human 

working postures. Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing VI, International Society for 

Optical Engineering, Boston, MA, October 23-26.

15. Wiker, S. F., Schwerha, D., & Jaraiedi, M. (2006, October). Impact of Auditory and Visual Distractors upon Manual Assembly Task Learning among Older Workers with Different Levels of Spatial 

Reasoning and Field Dependence. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 

Annual Meeting (Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 200-204). Sage Publications. 

16. Wiker, S. F. (2004) Reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort and mental fatigue in lumber graders: 

Comparative efficacy of distributed breaks and job rotation. Presented at Occupational Safety and 

Health Administration’s National Advisory Council on Ergonomics, January 27-28, Washington, DC 

17. Wiker, S. F. (2003) Manual materials handling injuries and impact upon posture prediction. Grand 

Rounds, Occupational Medicine, West Virginia University, May 15th. 

18. Wiker, S. F. and Thompson, J. (1999) Reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort and mental fatigue 

in lumber graders. Pacific Northwest Occupational and Environmental Medicine Annual Conference, Timberline, OR. 

19. Wiker, S. F. (1999) Aging and manual materials handling tasks. National Ergonomics Conference 

and Exposition. December 6-10, Anaheim, California. 

20. Wiker, S. F. (1997) Successful application of biomechanical models in the design of products and 

workplaces. SAE Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Conference and Exposition. June 2-5, 

Seattle, Washington. 

21. Griffith, J. T. and Wiker, S. F. (1997) Workstation design and risk of back injury during various loadhandling scenarios: A study of patient handling. SAE Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Conference and Exposition. June 2-5, Seattle, Washington. 

22. Wiker, S. F. (1997) The relationship between portable hand-held grinders and risk of carpal tunnel 

syndrome. SAE Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Conference and Exposition. June 2-5, Seattle, Washington.

23. Spielholz, P., & Wiker, S. F. (1996, October). Reports of regional body discomfort during carpenter 

apprentice training. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 

(Vol. 40, No. 13, pp. 688-692). SAGE Publications.

24. Wiker, S. F., Baker, D. R., Arndt, S. R., & Zhou, W. (1996, October). Impact of Varying Levels of 

Autostereovision upon Telemanipulation. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics 

Society Annual Meeting (Vol. 40, No. 22, pp. 1141-1145). SAGE Publications. 

25. Wiker, S. F. (1994) Ergonomic guidelines for prevention of back injuries–fact and fiction. Northwest 

Occupational Health Conference, Bellevue, Washington, USA, October 14. 

26. Wiker, S. F. (1994) Preventing musculoskeletal injuries in the construction industry. Northwest Construction Safety Conference, Tacoma, Washington, USA, September 12 th. 

27. Wiker, S. F. and Arndt, S. R. (1994) Validation and analysis of TPAS: A psychomotor test-battery 

proposed for evaluating and gauging disability in the upper extremities. Rehabilitation Ergonomics 

Conference, 12th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Toronto, Canada, 

August 15-19. 

28. Wiker, S. F. and Vanderheiden, G.(1994) Analysis of haptic display design characteristics and their 

impact upon perception of graphical imagery and semantic information. Rehabilitation Ergonomics 

Conference, 12th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Toronto, Canada, 

August 15-19. 

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29. Wiker, S. F. and Chen, A. (1994) Analysis of required lift geometry, load, and initial stance upon 

prediction of semi-freestyle lifting postures. Computer-Aided Engineering and Safety Conference, 

12th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, Toronto, Canada, August 

15-19. 

30. Zhou, W., Duffie, N.A., and Wiker, S. F. (1994) Control of grasping force in teleoperation using 

model reference adaptive approach. Society of Automotive Engineers and American Institute of 

Aeronautics and Astronautics International Conference on Environmental Systems Conference, 

Friedrichshafen, Germany, June 21-24. 

31. Wiker, S.F. and Chen, A. (1994) Accuracy and efficacy of using pictograms for self-report of postures assumed when performing lifting tasks. Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety 

Conference, June 7-10, San Antonio, Texas.

32. Malzahn, D. E., Wiker, S. F., Vanderheiden, G. C., & Freivalds, A. (1994). Educating People With 

Disabilities. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING (Vol. 1, pp. 417-417). HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY.

33. WIKER, S., HERSHKOWITZ, E., & ZIK, J. (1989). Teleoperator comfort and psychometric stability: 

Criteria for limiting master-controller forces of operation and feedback during telemanipulation. In 

JPL, California Inst. of Tech, Proceedings of the NASA Conference on Space Telerobotics, (Vol. 1).

34. WIKER, S., KENNEDY, R., MCCAULEY, M., & PEPPER, R. (1979). Reliability, validity and application of an improved scale for assessment of motion sickness severity[Final Report, Apr. 1978- May 

1979]. 

35. Wiker, S. F. and Fuerlinger, S. (1994) Impact of cyclic pinch grasp force, duration and 

frequency upon perceived grasp force and localized discomfort in the hand and arm. Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 7-10, San Antonio, 

Texas.

36. Zhou, W., Duffie, N.A., and Wiker, S. F. (1993) Identification of human grasp dynamics in teleoperation. Presented at the Annual Space Programs and Technologies Conference, Huntsville, AL, Sep 

22. 

37. Wiker, S. F., Duffie, N.A., Arndt, S. and Murray, S. (1993) Applications of the Telerobotic Performance Analysis System (TPAS). Presented at the Annual Space Programs and Technologies Conference, Huntsville, AL, Sep 22. 

38. Lee, S., Wiker, S. F. and G.C. Vanderheiden (1993) Interactive haptic interface: Two- dimensional 

form perception for blind access to computers. Presented at the Human Computer Interface Conference, Orlando, Florida, August 9-13th. 

39. Wiker, S. F. (1993) Telemanipulation: Master-controller design issues. Presented at the Human 

Computer Interface Conference, Orlando, Florida, August 9-13th. 

40. Wiker, S. F. (1993) Teaching ergonomic theory and practice using computer models. Presented at 

the International Conference on Simulation in Engineering Education, La Jolla, CA, January 17-20. 

41. Wiker, S. F., Vanderheiden, G. and Lee, S. (1992) Development of tactile displays for blind access 

to computers: Importance of blindness, display locus, size, and resolution upon haptic exploration 

of two-dimensional graphic images. Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, October 5-10, Atlanta, Georgia. 

42. Wiker, S. F. and Stultz, M. (1992) NIOSH Work Practices Guide for Manual Lifting: Posturally-based 

differences in perceived stress in lifting tasks of equivalent design merit. Presented at the Annual 

International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 10-14, Denver, Colorado. 

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43. Wiker, S. F. and Lee, S. (1992) Control and gauging grasp force in telemanipulators: A comparison 

of direct force and electrocutaneous display systems. Presented at the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 10-14, Denver, Colorado. 

44. Wiker, S. F., Jones, T., Baker, S., Myers, A., Smith, G. and Edwards, C. (1992) Measurement of 

indices of ergonomic stress in an epidemiological study of municipal workers. Presented at the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 10-14, Denver, Colorado. 

45. Smith, G. S., Myers, A. H., Baker, S. P., Li, G. Edwards, C. A., Liang, K. Y., Johnson, J. V. and Wiker, S. F. (1992) Health-related risk factors for back injuries and their medical consequences. Presented at the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 10-14, Denver, Colorado. 

46. Myers, A. H., Baker, S. P., Wiker, S. F., Liang, K. Y., Li, G. Smith, G. S. Johnson, J. V. and Edwards, 

C. A. (1992) Factors related to low-back injuries in municipal workers. Presented at the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 10-14, Denver, Colorado. 

47. Baker, S. P., Jones, T. M., Myers, A. H., Wiker, S. F., Smith, G., Corn, M., Sznajder, J. (1992) Prevention of back injuries in municipal workers. Presented at the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference, June 10-14, Denver, Colorado. 

48. Wiker, S. F. (1992) Developing multivector autoregressive models to plan and evaluate work 

schedules in hot environments. Presented at the First Annual IIE Research Conference, Chicago, 

IL, May 20-21. 

49. Wiker, S. F. (1992) Posturally-mediated perceptions of strain encountered when lifting: A preliminary analysis of the basis and value in predicting worker posture. Presented at the Computer Aided 

Ergonomics and Safety Conference, Tampere, Finland, May 18-20. 

50. Wiker, S. F. (1992) Grasp force control in telemanipulation. Presented at the American Institutes of 

Aeronautics & Astronautics Space Programs and Technologies Conference, Huntsville, Alabama, 

March 25 th, 1992.

51. Wiker, S. F., Duffie, N., & Yen, T. (1992, January). Importance of numerosity and distribution of articulations within the digits, wrists, and arms of telemanipulators confronted with dextrous assembly 

tasks. In 5th Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 1991) (Vol. 

1, p. 310).

52. Wiker, S. F., & Duffie, N. A. (1990, June). Grasp force control in telemanipulation. In Annual NASA 

& USAF Space Operations Automation and Robotics Conference, Alburquerque, NM Jun (Vol. 25, 

p. 28). 

53. Wiker, S. F. (1990) Telerobotic Design Issues. Invited Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the 

Industrial Engineering Society, San Francisco, CA, May 20-23 rd.

54. Wiker, S. F. (1989). Don B. Chaffin Center for Ergonomics The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 

MI 48109. In Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety: Proceedings of the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference Held in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, 5-9 June 

1989, the Official Conference of the International Foundation for Industrial Ergonomics and Safety 

Research (Vol. 1, p. 129). Taylor & Francis. 

55. Wiker, S. F., Kennedy, R. S. and Pepper, R. L. (1981) Performance evaluation tests for environmental research (PETER): Navigation plotting task. Presented at 52 nd Annual Scientific Meeting of 

the Aerospace Medical Association, San Antonio, TX 4-7 May. 

56. Pepper, R. L., Kennedy, R. S., Bittner Jr., A. C. and Wiker, S. F. (1980) Performance evaluation 

tests for environmental research (PETER): Code substitution test. Seventh Psychology in the Department of Defense Symposium, U. S. Air Force Academy, 16-18 April. 

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57. Pepper, R. L. and Wiker, S. F. (1979) Repeated assessment of stress, mood and performance 

changes resulting from exposure to vessel motions at sea. Presented at Annual Human Factors 

Society, Boston, MA, October. 

58. Wiker, S.F. and Pepper, R.L. (1978) Change in crew performance, physiology and affective state 

due to motions aboard a small monohull vessel: A preliminary study. Presented at the Society of 

Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, Honolulu, HI, 4 October. 

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TEACHING ACTIVITY 

CLASSES TAUGHT AT WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 

1. IMSE 360 Human Factors Engineering, Dept. Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, 

West Virginia University 

2. IMSE 564 Industrial Ergonomics, Dept. Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West 

Virginia University 

3. IMSE 660 Advanced Human Factors Engineering, Dept. Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University 

4. IMSE 668 Special Problems in Human Factors Engineering, Dept. Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University 

5. IMSE 220 Reengineering (Work Measurement), Dept. Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University 

6. Independent Study in Ergonomics and Safety Engineering 

7. Doctoral and Masters Thesis Research 

CLASSES TAUGHT AT UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON 

1. INDE 541 Advanced Human Factors Engineering, Industrial Engineering, University of Washington 

2. ENHV 566 Introduction to Ergonomics, Dept. of Environmental Health, University of Washington 

3. ENVH 569 Occupational Biomechanics, Dept. of Environmental Health, University of Washington 

4. ENVH 562 Technical Aspects of Safety Engineering, Dept. of Environmental Health, University of 

Washington 

5. INDE 599 Independent Study in Ergonomics and Safety Engineering 

6. Doctoral and Masters Thesis Research 

COURSES DEVELOPED AND TAUGHT AT UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN 

1. IE 549 Human Factors Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 

2. IE 664 Advanced Ergonomics, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 

3. IE 665 Advanced Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 

4. IE 859 Seminar: Human Factors Engineering (Telerobotics), Department of Industrial Engineering, 

University of Wisconsin 

5. IE 859 Seminar: Human Factors Engineering (Bioinstrumentation & Laboratory Safety), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 

6. IE 859 Seminar: Human Factors Engineering (Perceptual-Motor Skill Theory), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 

7. Independent Study in Ergonomics and Safety Engineering 

8. Doctoral and Masters Thesis Research 

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JOURNAL CLUBS 

1. Ergonomics & Safety Engineering 

STUDENTS GRADUATED 

DOCTORAL STUDENTS (COMMITTEE CHAIR) 

1. Tom McDowell, Ph.D., Occupational Safety and Health, Industrial & Management Systems Engineering, 

West Virginia University 2006 

2. Diana Schwerha, Ph.D., Industrial & Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University 2004 

3. Steven Arndt, Ph.D., Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1996 

4. Seongil Lee, Ph.D., Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1994 

DOCTORAL STUDENTS (COMMITTEE MEMBER) 

1. Edgar Vieira, Ph.D., Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, 2006 

2. Weijia Zhou, Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1994 

3. Roger Smith, Ph.D. Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1994 

4. Seoung Kwon Kim, Ph.D. Physical Education, University of Wisconsin 1993 

5. Jon Gunderson, Ph.D. Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1991 

6. Kurt A. Kaczmarek, Ph.D. Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1991 

7. Naomi Swanson, Ph.D. Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1988

MASTERS STUDENTS (COMMITTEE CHAIR) 

1. Ashok Dwarkanath, MSIE, Industrial & Management Systems Engineering, Industrial & Management 

Systems Engineering, 2006. 

2. Vivianna Baggio, MSIE, Industrial & Management Systems Engineering, Industrial & Management 

Systems Engineering, 2006. 

3. Mun-Su Seol, MS Safety Management, Industrial & Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia 

University, 2005 

4. Nicolas Salazar, MS Industrial Hygiene, Industrial & Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia 

University, 2004 

5. Astrid Schreuder, MSIE Industrial Engineering, University of Washington 1997 

6. Theresa Lango, MS Environmental Health, University of Washington 1997 

7. Tommey Meyers, MS Environmental Health, University of Washington 1997 

8. Jason Griffith, MSE Industrial Engineering, University of Washington 1996 

9. Patrice Miner, MS Environmental Health, University of Washington 1995 

10. Larry Shaw, MS Environmental Health, University of Washington 1994 

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11. Susan Fuerlinger, MSIE Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1993 

12. An-Che Chen, MSIE Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1992 

13. Tim Jones, MS Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1991 

14. Mark Stultz, MS Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1991 

15. Thomas Yen, MSIE Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1991 

16. Steven Arndt, MS Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1991 

17. Yueh-Chuan Kung, MSIE Industrial Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1990 

MASTERS STUDENTS (COMMITTEE MEMBER) 

1. Jason Sanders, MS Environmental Health, University of Washington 1996 

2. John Jerney, MSE Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1993 

3. Hwa-Ping Chang, MSE Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin 1990 

CONTINUING EDUCATION 

COURSE DIRECTOR & INSTRUCTOR 

1. Advances in Ergonomics, May 8, 1997, Northwest Center for Occupational health and Safety, 

Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of 

Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195. 

2. Office Ergonomics, January 27-28, 1994, Northwest Center for Occupational health and Safety, 

Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of 

Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195. 

3. Ergonomics for Managers, January 26, 1994, Northwest Center for Occupational health and Safety, 

Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of 

Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195. 

4. Ergonomics Workshop, 1991, Phelps Dodge Magnet Wire Corporation, Fort Wayne, IN. 5. Ergonomics 

Workshop, 1991, Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC. 

COURSE INSTRUCTOR 

1. Occupational Health, Occupational Medicine, West Virginia University, June 21-22, 2004 

2. Occupational Hazards to Health Care Workers, 1994, Northwest Center for Occupational Health and 

Safety, Seattle, WA. 

3. Office Ergonomics, 1994, Execu-Tech Services and Boise-Cascade, Seattle, WA. 

4. Human Factors Engineering Issues in Product Liability, 1991, Products Liability Course, School for 

Continuing Education, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. 

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DEPARTMENTAL, COLLEGE AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICE ACTIVITIES 

DEPARTMENTAL UNIVERSITY ACTIVITIES AT WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 

1. Faculty Advisor, Alpha Pi Mu, 2003-2006 

2. Graduate Committee Member, 2003-2010 

3. Faculty Promotion and Tenure Committee, 2004-2006 

4. Undergraduate Committee Member, 2003-2005 

5. Undergraduate Committee Chair 2005-2006 

6. Chair, Faculty Search Committee 2005-2006 

7. Outside Funding 2003-2008 

8. NASA WV Space Grant Undergraduate Research Project Advisor 2005-2006 

COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY ACTIVITIES AT WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 

1. Undergraduate Research Day Advisor 2005, 2006 

2. Member, Advisor of Year 2004 Committee 2005 

3. Library Committee Member, 2003-2005, 2007-2009 

4. Chair, CEMR Faculty Executive Committee, 2005-2007 

UNIVERSITY AFFILIATIONS AND ACTIVITIES AT PREVIOUS UNIVERSITIES 

1. Department, Admissions Committee Member 1993-1997 

2. Member, Promotion and Tenure, 1993-1997 

3. Development Committee, 1993-1997 

4. Faculty Member, Manufacturing Systems Engineering Program, 1988-1993 

5. Faculty Member, University of Wisconsin Institute on Aging & Adult Life, 1988-1993 

6. Member, Undergraduate Committee, 1991 to 1993 

7. Faculty Advisor, Alpha Pi Mu, 1988-1992 

8. Faculty Senator, Department of Industrial Engineering 1990 to 1991 

9. Alternate Faculty Senator, Department of Industrial Engineering 1989-90 

10. Chair, Liaison Committee for Statistics, 1989 to 1991 

11. Engineering Day Committee 1991-1993 

12. College of Engineering's Committee on Ethics, Ethnics, and Social Responsibility, 1989- 90

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