Volvo Cars of North America 

Emission Defect Information Report 

EDIR No. 06018D01A 

1 of 3 Volvo Cars of North America, LLC - EDIR No. 06018D01A 2010-04-29

1. Manufacturer’s Corporate Name: Volvo Cars of North America, LLC 

2. Description of Defect 

Component Description: The Camshaft Reset Valve, or CVVT Solenoid Valve, Intake, controls the 

oil flow to the CVVT unit (camshaft pulley). The valve consists of an electromagnetic valve with a 

spring-loaded piston. Slots in the piston channel engine lubricating oil to the CVVT unit by moving 

the piston in the reset valve. The CVVT unit (camshaft pulley) turns the camshaft. Varying oil flow 

into the CVVT unit varies the position of the unit on the camshaft, affecting intake valve timing. The 

degree to which valve timing is advanced or retarded depends on the chamber in the CVVT unit that 

is supplied with oil pressure. The oil flow in the valve can be controlled to the different chambers in 

the continuous variable valve timing (CVVT) unit at variable rates. This allows the cam timing to be 

changed precisely and steplessly. 

Failure Description: A failure trend was identified through quarterly monitoring of claims for 

California. Particulates held in suspension in the engine oil were carried into the camshaft reset 

valves under oil under pressure, causing friction wear. Sometimes this can cause piston binding and 

hysteresis, or slow piston response to electromagnetic timing input. As a result, the intake camshaft 

advance or retard could lag or possibly not reach full commanded position. CVVT timing response is 

monitored by onboard diagnostic software, which records a diagnostic trouble code and illuminates 

the malfunction indicator lamp to inform the driver of the need for service. 

Probable Cause: In tested valves, increased friction was caused by contaminants in the engine oil, 

including hard particles such as grains of sand, sulfur, and iron oxide. 

3. Affected Test Group and Models 

3.1 Test Group: 4VVXT2.92U1T 

 Model Year: 2004

 Models Involved: XC90 AWD 

 Engine Description: B6294T (Engine Code 91) 

2.9 Liters, 6 Cylinders In-Line, OHV, DOHC, 24-valve 

turbocharged engine with OBDII, Bosch ME 7.01 Engine 

Management, Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: 50 States 

3.2 Test Group: 4VVXV2.43S2N

 Model Year: 2004

 Models Involved: S60, V70 

 Engine Description: B5244S6 (Engine Code 64) 

2.44 Liters, 5 Cylinders, OHV, DOHC, 20-valve naturally 

aspirated engine with OBDII, Denso Engine Management, 

Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: California, S177 States 

3.3 Test Group: 4VVXV2.43U2N

 Model Year: 2004

 Models Involved: S40 2.4i, S60, V70 

 Engine Description: B5244S (Engine Codes 38 & 61) 

2.44 Liters, 5 Cylinders, OHV, DOHC, 20-valve naturally 

aspirated engine with OBDII, Denso Engine Management, 

Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: 50 States 

EPA EDIR# 4241 

Received: June 10, 2011
2 of 3 Volvo Cars of North America, LLC - EDIR No. 06018D01A 2010-04-29

3.4 Test Group: 4VVXX2.52U2T 

 Model Year: 2004

 Models Involved: S40 T5, S60, V70, V70XC, S80, XC90 

 Engine Description: B5254T2 (Engine Codes 59 & 68) 

2.5 Liters, 5 Cylinders, OHV, DOHC, 20-valve turbocharged 

engine with OBDII, Bosch ME 7.01 Engine Management, 

Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: 50 States 

3.5 Test Group: 5VVXV02.4U2N

 Model Year: 2005

 Models Involved: S40, V50, S60, V70 

 Engine Description: B5244S (Engine Codes 38 & 61) 

2.44 Liters, 5 Cylinders, OHV, DOHC, 20-valve naturally 

aspirated engine with OBDII, Denso Engine Management, 

Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: 50 States 

3.6 Test Group: 5VVXX02.5U2T 

 Model Year: 2005

 Models Involved: S60, V70 

 Engine Description: B5254T2 (Engine Codes 59 & 68) 

2.5 Liters, 5 Cylinders, OHV, DOHC, 20-valve turbocharged 

engine with OBDII, Bosch ME 7.01 Engine Management, 

Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: 50 States 

3.7 Test Group: 5VVXV02.4S2N

 Model Year: 2005

 Models Involved: S40, V70, S60, V70 

 Engine Description: B5244S (Engine Codes 39 & 64) 

2.44 Liters, 5 Cylinders, OHV, DOHC, 20-valve naturally 

aspirated engine with OBDII, Denso Engine Management, 

Sequential Fuel Injection (SFI), 

Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S), and Three Way 

Catalytic Converter (TWC) 

 Sales Area: California and S177 States 

EPA EDIR# 4241 

Received: June 10, 2011
3 of 3 Volvo Cars of North America, LLC - EDIR No. 06018D01A 2010-04-29

4. Affected Vehicle Population 

4.1 Calculations are based upon screened failure rate as determined from solenoid manufacturer 

testing, multiplied by unscreened claims from Volvo's warranty records. 

4.2 Assembly plants producing the potentially affected vehicles are: 

 

Volvo Cars Torslanda Volvo Cars Europe Industry 

SE-405 31 Göteborg J. F. Kennedylaan 25 

Sweden B-9000 Ghent

 Belgium 

 

5. Description of Failure Impact 

Hysteresis may result in early or late attainment, or failure to attain commanded retard or advance of 

intake vale timing. It may also result in a slow return to neutral from advance or retard. This would 

cause the MIL to turn on, informing the owner of the need for service. A timing retard condition may 

lack some torque below 3000 rpm. High speed performance may be noted as slightly unsteady rpm.

Drivability should not be a problem in either case. Once a fault code is set, the camshaft angle 

adopts a neutral default position, the Check Engine light illuminates, and engine performance 

steadies again. 

One test group, 5VVXV02.4U2N, shows evidence of a higher failure rate than all other test groups, 

which all have very low failure rates. Failures within 5VVXV02.4U2N appear to be concentrated in S40 

and V50 vehicles. Hence, the issue seems to be contained within very narrow parameters. 

6. Available Emissions Data 

None

7. Anticipated Manufacturer Follow-up

Volvo will await further test reporting from its solenoid supplier, and Volvo will perform testing and/or 

engineering analysis to determine the impact of hysteresis on exhaust emissions. 

TEST GROUP MODELS 

ENGINE 

CODES

VEHICLE

SALES FAILURES RATE 

4VVXT2.92U1T XC90 AWD 91 25,988 67 0.25 %

4VVXV2.43S2N S60, V70 64 8,147 25 0.31 %

4VVXV2.43U2N S40 2.4i, S60, V70 38, 61 24,774 175 0.71 %

4VVXX2.52U2T S40 T5, S60, S60 AWD, S80, S80 AWD, V70, V70 

AWD, V70XC AWD, XC90, XC90 AWD 59, 68 89,930 307 0.34 %

5VVXV02.4U2N S40 2.4i, V50 2.4i, S60, V70 38, 61 22,880 872 3.81 %

5VVXX02.5U2T

S60 2.5T, S60 2.5T AWD, V70 2.5T, V70 2.5T 

AWD, V70XC AWD, S80 2.5T, S80 2.5T AWD, S80 

2.5T AWD Executive, XC90, XC90 AWD, S40 T5, 

S40 T5 AWD, V50 T5, V50 T5 AWD 

59, 68 73,612 93 0.13 %

5VVXV02.4S2N S40 2.4i, V50 2.4i, 

S60, V70 39, 64 7160 123 1.72 %

EPA EDIR# 4241 

Received: June 10, 2011