# Patent

## Title
Flush toilet apparatus

## Abstract

A flush toilet apparatus that can reduce the total amount of wash water supplied to a bowl portion, even though a jet-pump water supply mechanism is mounted on a toilet body. A jet pump unit induces a jet pump action for making a flow rate of water flowing inside of a throat pipe higher than a flow rate of water injected from a nozzle to supply water at the increased flow rate to water ejection portions, and the flush toilet apparatus switches a channel state of the jet pump unit to sequentially execute a first step, in which water at a first flow rate is supplied to the water ejection portions, and a second step, in which water at a second flow rate lower than the first flow rate is supplied to the water ejection portions.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a flush toilet apparatus that washes a toilet body by wash water.
Description of the Related Art
Conventionally, a flush toilet apparatus using a tank-type or direct-pressure water supply mechanism is widely used as a mechanism for supplying wash water to a toilet body.
The tank-type water supply mechanism is configured to store water in a tank in advance and supply the water to a toilet body as wash water. In the tank-type water supply mechanism, all of the water supplied as wash water needs to be stored in the tank, and there is a problem that the tank mounted on the flush toilet apparatus is large.
After the completion of washing of the toilet body, the tank needs to be at a full water level for the next washing. However, it takes time to pour water into the large tank to reach the full water level. Therefore, continuous washing (at short intervals) is difficult, and there is a problem that the tank-type water supply mechanism is not suitable for a situation in which the flush toilet apparatus is frequently used.
The direct-pressure water supply mechanism is configured to use water pressure in a water supply pipe (water pipe) arranged in a building to supply wash water to the toilet body from the water supply pipe. In the direct-pressure water supply mechanism, the flow rate of the wash water depends on the water pressure in the water supply pipe. Therefore, there is a problem that the washing performance is reduced when the flush toilet apparatus is installed in an environment with low water pressure (for example, upper floors). Furthermore, the diameter of the water supply pipe connected to the flush toilet apparatus needs to be large to allow the direct-pressure water supply mechanism to supply a large amount of water. Therefore, there is a problem that large-scale construction is necessary.
A jet-pump water supply mechanism is newly proposed as a water supply mechanism that can simultaneously solve both of the problem in the tank-type water supply mechanism and the problem in the direct-pressure water supply mechanism (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-156382).
The jet-pump water supply mechanism described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-156382 includes a tank storing water, and a jet pump unit is submerged and arranged inside of the tank. The jet pump unit includes a throat pipe. One end of the throat pipe is connected to a channel toward a bowl portion of the toilet body, and an opening is formed on the other end. When water is injected from an injection nozzle toward the inside of the throat pipe through the opening, a jet pump action is induced, and a large amount of water flows toward the bowl portion inside of the throat pipe. Not only the water injected from the injection nozzle, but also the water stored in the tank is drawn in and flows inside of the throat pipe. Therefore, a large amount of wash water is supplied to the toilet body.
Not all of the water supplied as wash water to the toilet body needs to be stored in the tank in the jet-pump water supply mechanism. Therefore, the tank can be smaller than in the tank-type water supply mechanism, and there is an advantage that the time necessary for the tank to reach the full water level can be reduced. A large amount of wash water can be supplied to the toilet body even when the flush toilet apparatus is installed in an environment with relatively low water pressure in the water supply pipe. There is also an advantage that large-scale construction for enlarging the diameter of the water supply pipe is not necessary.
When the jet-pump water supply mechanism is mounted on the flush toilet apparatus, the flush toilet apparatus is unlikely to be affected by a change in the water pressure in the water pipe or a change in the water level (potential energy) in the tank, and a large amount of water is supplied at substantially a constant flow rate.
However, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that the flow rate of the minimum wash water necessary to discharge waste is not always constant in the process of washing, and the minimum wash water changes with time. More specifically, it has become clear that part of the wash water may be wasted if the jet-pump water supply mechanism always supplies water at a constant flow rate.
In this way, the total amount of wash water supplied to the bowl portion can be reduced to further save water in the flush toilet apparatus provided with the jet-pump water supply mechanism.
The present invention has been made in view of the problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a flush toilet apparatus that can reduce the total amount of wash water supplied to a bowl portion, even though a jet-pump water supply mechanism is mounted.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To solve the problems, the present invention provides a flush toilet apparatus that washes a toilet body by wash water, the flush toilet apparatus including: a toilet body including: a bowl portion that receives waste; and a water ejection portion that ejects water for discharging the waste to supply the water to the bowl portion; a tank storing water inside; and a jet pump unit arranged in a state that at least part of the jet pump unit is submerged inside of the tank, wherein the jet pump unit includes: a throat pipe that is a pipe provided with a suction port near one end and that is arranged so that water entering inside from the suction port is supplied to the water ejection portion, and the water is ejected from the water ejection portion as wash water; and a nozzle that injects high-speed water from the suction port toward the inside of the throat pipe, the jet pump unit is configured to induce a jet pump action for making a flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe higher than a flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle and to supply the water at the increased flow rate to the water ejection portion, and the flush toilet apparatus further includes channel state switching portion for switching a channel state of the jet pump unit to sequentially execute a first step, in which the jet pump unit supplies water at a first flow rate to the water ejection portion, and a second step, which is a step following the first step and in which the jet pump unit supplies water at a second flow rate lower than the first flow rate to the water ejection portion.
The flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention includes the tank storing water inside and the jet pump unit arranged inside of the tank that are mechanisms for supplying wash water to the bowl portion of the toilet body.
The jet pump unit is arranged in a state that at least part of the jet pump unit is submerged inside of the tank, and the jet pump unit includes the throat pipe and the nozzle. The throat pipe is a pipe provided with the suction port near one end and is arranged so that the water entering inside from the suction port is supplied to the water ejection portion of the toilet body (from the other end). The water is ejected from the water ejection portion as wash water.
The nozzle injects the high-speed water from the suction port toward the inside of the throat pipe to induce the jet pump action. Due to the jet pump action, not only the water injected from the nozzle, but also the water stored in the tank is drawn in and enters the suction port. In other words, as a result of the jet pump action, the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe becomes higher than the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle (it can also be stated that the flow rate is amplified). The water at the increased flow rate is supplied to the water ejection portion of the toilet body, and the water is ejected from the water ejection portion.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion by the jet pump unit is not constant until the end of washing, and the flow rate is changed in the middle of washing. Specifically, the first step of supplying water at the first flow rate to the water ejection portion is executed, and then the second step of supplying water at the second flow rate lower than the first flow rate to the water ejection portion is executed. The channel switching means switches the channel state of the jet pump unit to realize the change in the flow rate.
In the first step, a large amount of water is supplied at substantially a constant flow rate from the jet pump unit to the water ejection portion. Since the waste attached to the bowl portion is removed in a short time, the time for ejecting water from the water ejection portion can be reduced to save water.
In the second step following the first step, the channel state switching portion changes the channel state of the jet pump unit to reduce the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion (first flow rate is changed to second flow rate).
An example of the type of toilet body includes a wash-down toilet body. The wash-down toilet body, which is also called a “wash-out toilet body”, forms a large water flow from a bowl portion toward a drain pipe to provide momentum to the waste to thereby move the waste to the drain pipe to discharge the waste. When the jet pump unit is mounted on the wash-down toilet body, there is an advantageous effect that the total amount of wash water supplied to the bowl portion can be reduced while ensuring the discharge performance of the waste throughout the entire period of supplying water to the water ejection portion. The reason that this advantageous effect is attained will be described hereinafter.
The flow rate of the minimum wash water necessary to discharge the waste in the wash-down toilet body is not always constant from the start to the end of washing. The flow rate changes with time.
Specifically, at the start of washing, momentum needs to be provided to the water stored in the bowl portion in the resting state to form the water flow, and a large amount (first flow rate) of wash water needs to be supplied. However, the water flow is already formed in the bowl portion in the middle of washing following the start of washing, and inertia force is acting in the water. Therefore, the flow rate of the water necessary to maintain the water flow in the bowl portion is lower than the first flow rate.
For this reason, if water at a constant flow rate is always supplied from the start to the end of washing, more than necessary amount of wash water is supplied, and part of the wash water is wasted.
Therefore, the first step and the second step can be sequentially executed as in the present invention to reduce the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion (change first flow rate to second flow rate) to thereby save water without sacrificing the washing performance.
The reduction in the flow rate of water is advantageous in that light waste floating in the bowl portion, which is unlikely to be discharged when a large amount (first flow rate) of water is supplied, is easily discharged. It is preferable to reduce the flow rate of the water to ensure the discharge performance of the light waste.
In this way, when the jet pump unit is mounted on the wash-down toilet body, there is an advantageous effect that the total amount of wash water supplied to the bowl portion can be reduced while ensuring the discharge performance of the waste throughout the entire period of supplying the wash water. As a result, the water saving capacity can be improved without sacrificing the washing performance.
Other than the wash-down toilet body, there is a siphon-type toilet body. The siphon-type toilet body fills the curved portion of the drain pipe with water to generate a siphon action to thereby move and discharge the waste to the downstream of the drain pipe. When the jet pump unit is mounted on the siphon-type toilet body, there is an advantageous effect that the total amount of wash water supplied to the bowl portion can be reduced while ensuring the discharge performance of the waste throughout the entire period of supplying water to the water ejection portion. The reason that this advantageous effect is attained will be described hereinafter.
The flow rate of the minimum wash water necessary to discharge the waste in the siphon-type toilet body is not always constant from the start to the end of washing. The flow rate changes with time.
Specifically, the curved portion of the drain pipe needs to be filled with water to generate the siphon action just after the start of washing, and a large amount of wash water needs to be supplied to quickly fill the curved portion with water.
On the other hand, the supply of water necessary to maintain the full state decreases once after the curved portion is filled with water. More specifically, after the generation of the siphon action, the full state is maintained even after the reduction in the amount of supplied water, and the siphon action is continuously generated.
Therefore, if water at a constant flow rate is always supplied from the start to the end of washing, more than necessary amount of wash water is supplied, and part of the wash water is wasted.
Thus, the first step and the second step can be sequentially executed as in the present invention to reduce the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion (change first flow rate to second flow rate) to thereby save water without sacrificing the washing performance.
The reduction in the flow rate is advantageous in that light waste floating in the bowl portion, which is unlikely to be discharged when a large amount of water is supplied, can be easily discharged. Therefore, the reduction in the flow rate in the middle of washing is also preferable in terms of the discharge performance of the waste.
In this way, when the jet pump unit is mounted on the siphon-type toilet body, there is an advantageous effect that the total amount of wash water can be reduced while ensuring the discharge performance of the waste throughout the entire period of supplying water to the water ejection portion. As a result, the water saving capacity can be improved without sacrificing the washing performance.
Furthermore, there is a swirling-flow toilet body. In the swirling-flow toilet body, water swirls along a rim portion formed on an upper edge portion of the bowl portion, and the water flows down from the entire rim portion (whole circumference) toward the bowl portion. When the jet pump unit is mounted on the swirling-flow toilet body, there is an advantageous effect that the total amount of wash water supplied to the bowl portion can be reduced while surely preventing the overflow of water from the rim portion throughout the entire period of supplying water to the water ejection portion. The reason that this advantageous effect is attained will be described hereinafter.
In the swirling-flow toilet body, although the flow rate is at a level that does not cause the water to overflow from the rim portion at the start of supplying water toward the rim portion, the water starts to overflow from the rim portion to the surrounding with time if the supply of water to the rim portion is continued while the flow rate is maintained.
Specifically, the amount of water swirling and flowing in the rim portion, i.e. amount of water staying in the rim portion, is relatively small at the start of supplying water to the rim portion. There is a room for receiving newly supplied water, and the water does not overflow from the rim portion. However, even if the flow rate of the water continuously supplied to the rim portion is substantially constant, the amount of water staying in the rim portion gradually increases, and the room for receiving newly supplied water decreases. As a result, the water newly supplied to the rim portion overflows after the amount of water staying in the rim portion exceeds a certain amount.
The flow rate of the wash water supplied to the toilet body, i.e. the flow rate of the water swirling along the rim portion, can be reduced from the beginning just in order to prevent the overflow of water from the rim portion. However, if the flow rate of the water swirling along the rim portion is reduced from the beginning, the water may flow down to the bowl portion before all of the water swirls around the entire rim portion, and part of the bowl portion may not be washed. The flow rate of the wash water is insufficient, and as a result, the waste attached to the surface of the bowl portion may not be sufficiently removed and may remain in the bowl portion after the supply of wash water is finished.
In the present invention, the channel state switching portion change the channel state of the jet pump unit in the second step to reduce the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion (change first flow rate to second flow rate). The flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion can be reduced before the water overflows from the rim portion after the increase in the amount of water staying in the rim portion.
In this way, when the jet pump unit is mounted on the swirling-flow toilet body, the largest possible amount of water can be supplied to the water ejection portion while surely preventing the overflow of water from the rim portion throughout the entire period of supplying water to the water ejection portion. As a result, high washing performance and water saving performance can be ensured.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the higher the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step, the earlier the timing of transition from the first step to the second step.
The flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion by the jet pump unit may not be strictly as in the design value due to, for example, the machine difference in the constant flow valve arranged on the upstream side of the nozzle, and the flow rate may vary between products. As a result, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes inappropriate. The wash water may be wastefully supplied, or the washing performance of the bowl portion may not be ensured.
In this preferred aspect, the higher the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step, the earlier the timing of transition from the first step to the second step. More specifically, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step (length of the period of the first step) is not fixed, and the timing is changed according to the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step.
In this preferred aspect, the time that a large amount of wash water needs to be supplied becomes shorter when the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step becomes higher than the design value. In this case, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes earlier (period of the first step becomes shorter) in this preferred aspect, and wasteful supply of a large amount of wash water is prevented.
On the other hand, the time that a large amount of wash water needs to be supplied becomes longer when the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step is lower than the design value. In this case, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes later (period of the first step becomes longer) in this preferred aspect, and the time of supplying a large amount of wash water becomes longer. As a result, necessary washing performance is ensured.
In this way, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step is adjusted to be appropriate according to the change (variation) in the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step in this preferred aspect.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the first step is switched to the second step when the water level in the tank decreases to a predetermined water level set at a position lower than a full water level and higher than the suction port.
In this preferred aspect, the first step is switched to the second step when the water level in the tank decreases to the predetermined water level set at the position lower than the full water level and higher than the suction port. The water level in the tank decreases to the predetermined water level at an early point when the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step becomes higher than the design value. Therefore, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes earlier (period of the first step becomes shorter). The time before the water level in the tank reaches the predetermined water level after reduction in the water level becomes longer when the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step becomes lower than the design value. Therefore, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes later (period of the first step becomes longer).
In this way, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step can be appropriately adjusted without directly measuring the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step. Thus, an apparatus such as a flowmeter is not necessary, and the timing of transition to the second step can be appropriately adjusted with a simple configuration.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on a downstream side of the nozzle in the jet pump unit.
In this preferred aspect, the channel switching means switches the channel state on the downstream side of the nozzle in the jet pump unit.
Channel state switching portion can, for example, change the channel state on the upstream side of the injection port of the nozzle in the jet pump unit to thereby switch the first step to the second step. For example, the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle can be reduced to suppress the jet pump action to thereby switch the first step to the second step.
However, the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe is derived by increasing (amplifying) the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle by the jet pump action, and the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe is significantly reduced just by slightly reducing the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle. Therefore, it is not easy to change the channel state on the upstream side of the injection port of the nozzle to change the first flow rate to an appropriate second flow rate. According to such a mode, the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the second step may be too low, and the water flow may not be maintained.
Therefore, the channel state switching portion in the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention switches the channel state on the downstream side of the nozzle in the jet pump unit. According to the configuration, it is easy to appropriately adjust the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe. This prevents the flow rate (second flow rate) of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the second step from becoming too low.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on the downstream side of the suction port in the jet pump unit.
The part between the injection port of the nozzle and the suction port of the throat pipe in the jet pump unit is a part where the flow rate is amplified by the jet pump action. The flow rate of water at a part on the upstream side (near the injection port) of the part is substantially equal to the flow rate of the water injected from the injection port. On the other hand, the flow rate of water is amplified at a part on the downstream side (near the suction port) and is higher than the flow rate of the water injected from the injection port.
Therefore, when the channel state switching portion is configured to switch the channel state at the part between the injection port of the nozzle and the suction port of the throat pipe, the change (decrease) in the flow rate at the part is amplified on the downstream side by the jet pump action. The flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the second step may be too low.
In this preferred aspect, the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on the downstream side of the suction port in the jet pump unit. Since the water flowing through the part on the downstream side of the suction port is water in which the amplification of the flow rate by the jet pump action is substantially completed, it is relatively easy for the channel state switching portion to switch the channel state of the part to appropriately adjust the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe. This can surely prevent the flow rate (second flow rate) of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the second step from becoming too low.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the throat pipe includes: a rising portion extending upward from the suction port; a curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion; and a falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion, wherein the entire throat pipe is formed in an inverted U-shape, and the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on an upstream side of the falling portion in the jet pump unit.
In this preferred aspect, the entire throat pipe is formed in the inverted U-shape. Specifically, the rising portion extending upward from the suction port, the curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion, and the falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion are included. The entire throat pipe is formed in the inverted U-shape, and this prevents the water in the tank from flowing out toward the toilet body when the toilet body is not washed, even if the tank is arranged on the upper side of the toilet body.
When the throat pipe has such a shape, it is difficult for the channel state switching portion to change the channel state of the falling portion to thereby suppress the jet pump action in the second step. This can be because the amplification of the flow rate by the jet pump action is substantially completed inside of the falling portion, and the influence of the channel resistance is low since the flow velocity of the water flowing inside of the falling portion is relatively slow (high-speed water injected from the nozzle and the water in the tank conveyed due to the high-speed water are sufficiently mixed, and the flow velocity is slower than the flow velocity of the water injected from the nozzle as a result of the equalization of the flow velocity in the channel cross section). When the channel state switching portion is configured to change the channel resistance of the falling portion, the channel state switching portion needs to be a large-scale mechanism. This increases the cost and enlarges the tank.
In this preferred aspect, the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on the upstream side of the falling portion of the throat pipe in the jet pump unit. According to the configuration, it is easier for the channel state switching portion to switch the channel state of the throat pipe to appropriately adjust the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion includes an air introduction portion that introduces air to a water flow generated by the jet pump action, and the channel state switching portion switches the channel state of the jet pump unit so that an air introduction flow rate from the air introduction portion in the second step is greater than an air introduction flow rate from the air introduction portion in the first step.
In this preferred aspect, the channel state switching portion includes the air introduction portion that introduces air to the water flow generated by the jet pump action and switches the flow rate state of the jet pump so that the air introduction flow rate from the air introduction portion in the second step is greater than the air introduction flow rate from the air introduction portion in the first step. The channel state of the jet pump unit is changed by the introduced air, and the jet pump action is suppressed. As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion is changed from the first flow rate to the second flow rate (first step is switched to second step). The flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion can be appropriately adjusted by a simple configuration of introducing air.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the introduction port is formed at a position submerged in the tank in a period that the first step is executed and not submerged in the tank in a period that the second step is executed.
In this preferred aspect, the introduction port is formed at the position submerged in the tank in the period that the first step is executed. Therefore, the water (not air) in the tank is sucked from the air introduction port in the period, and the water joins the water flow generated by the jet pump action. As a result, a large amount of water is supplied to the water ejection portion, and the discharge performance of the waste is ensured.
The introduction port is formed at the position not submerged in the tank in the period that the second step is executed. Therefore, the introduction of air and mixing of the air with the water flow are started at an appropriate timing of transition to the second step after the end of the first step. As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the bowl portion can be reduced (jet pump action can be suppressed) at an appropriate timing, without a movable member that moves every time washing is performed.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the throat pipe includes: a rising portion extending upward from the suction port; a curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion; and a falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion, wherein the entire throat pipe is formed in an inverted U-shape, and the air introduced from the introduction port is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action at a position on the upstream side of the falling portion.
In this preferred aspect, the entire throat pipe is formed in the inverted U-shape. Specifically, the rising portion extending upward from the suction port, the curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion, and the falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion are included. The entire throat pipe is formed in the inverted U-shape, and this can prevent the water in the tank from flowing out toward the toilet body when the toilet body is not washed, even if the tank is arranged on the upper side of the toilet body.
When the throat pipe has such a shape, the water in the tank cannot be at the full water level if the air is mixed inside of the falling portion of the throat pipe. This is because the introduction port of the air introduction portion is submerged when the water in the tank is at the full water level, and the water entering the falling portion from the introduction port is directly supplied to the ejection portion of the toilet body.
In this preferred aspect, the position where the air is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action is on the upstream side of the falling portion. The configuration can prevent the water in the tank from entering the throat pipe from the introduction port of the air introduction portion and directly flowing out toward the toilet body when the toilet body is not washed.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the air introduced from the introduction port is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action at a position on the downstream side of the suction port.
When the air from the air introduction portion is mixed at the position between the injection port of the nozzle and the suction port of the throat pipe, the tip of the air introduction portion (for example, pipe) inhibits the flow of the water entering inside of the throat pipe from the suction port, and the jet pump action may be inhibited. As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion may decrease (particularly in the first step).
In this preferred aspect, the air introduced from the introduction port of the air introduction portion is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action at the position on the downstream side of the suction port. The configuration prevents the air introduction portion from inhibiting the flow of the water entering inside of the throat pipe from the suction port. As a result, the jet pump action in the first step is not inhibited.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the throat pipe includes: a rising portion extending upward from the suction port; a curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion; and a falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion, wherein the entire throat pipe is formed in an inverted U-shape, and a siphon action is generated in addition to the jet pump action, water is supplied to the water ejection portion based on the jet pump action and the siphon action in the first step, and the siphon action is stopped after the transition to the second step.
In this preferred aspect, the jet pump unit includes the throat pipe in the inverted U-shape, and the siphon action can be generated in addition to the jet pump action.
In the first step, the water is supplied to the water ejection portion based on the jet pump action and the siphon action. Therefore, the flow rate (first flow rate) of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step can be further increased, and high washing performance can be ensured.
The siphon action that has been generated stops at a point after the transition to the second step. Therefore, the flow rate of the water (large amount) supplied to the water ejection portion can be easily reduced in the second step.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the timing of transition from the first step to the second step and the timing of stopping the siphon action are different.
In this preferred aspect, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step and the timing of stopping the siphon action are different. Therefore, the siphon action is not stopped at the same time as the suppression of the jet pump action after the transition to the second step. The siphon action is stopped after a lapse of time from the suppression of the jet pump action.
According to the configuration, the flow rate (second flow rate) of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the second step decreases in stages with time. Therefore, the timing of stopping the siphon action is adjusted, and the supply of water in the second step (change in the second flow rate) can be further appropriate.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion includes an air introduction portion provided with an introduction port for introducing air, uses negative pressure generated by a water flow to introduce the air from the introduction port, switches the channel state of the jet pump unit by mixing the air with the water flow generated by the jet pump action, and stops the siphon action by the air mixed with the water flow from the air introduction portion.
In this preferred aspect, the channel state switching portion includes the air introduction portion provided with the introduction port for introducing air and mixes the air with the water flow generated by the jet pump action to switch the channel state of the jet pump unit to suppress the jet pump action. The negative pressure generated by the water flow is used to introduce the air from the introduction port.
The siphon action after the transition to the second step is stopped by the air mixed with the water flow from the air introduction portion. In this way, the configuration for suppressing the jet pump action and the configuration for stopping the siphon action are shared (air introduction means), and the structure inside of the tank can be simplified.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion changes a position of the suction port relative to the nozzle between the first step and the second step.
In this preferred aspect, the position of the suction port relative to the nozzle is changed between the first step and the second step. As a result of changing the position of the suction port relative to the nozzle, for example, the channel state of the jet pump unit is changed so that only part of the water injected from the nozzle enters the suction port, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion is changed from the first flow rate to the second flow rate. The first step can be switched to the second step with a simple configuration of changing the position of the suction port relative to the nozzle.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion switches the channel state of the jet pump unit so that a channel resistance of the jet pump unit in the second step is greater than a channel resistance of the jet pump unit in the first step.
In this preferred aspect, the channel state switching portion switches the channel state of the jet pump so that the channel resistance of the jet pump unit in the second step is greater than the channel resistance of the jet pump unit in the first step. The channel state of the jet pump can be switched to surely change the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion, from the first flow rate to the second flow rate.
In the flush toilet apparatus according to the present invention, it is also preferable that the channel state switching portion switches the channel state of the jet pump unit so that part of the water flowing through the channel of the jet pump unit flows out into the tank and switches the channel state of the jet pump unit so that a flow rate of the water that flows out into the tank in the second step is at least higher than that in the first step.
In this preferred aspect, the channel state switching portion switches the channel state of the jet pump unit so that the flow rate of the water that flows out into the tank in the second step is higher than that in the first step. The channel state of the jet pump unit can be switched to surely change the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion, from the first flow rate to the second flow rate.
The present invention can provide a flush toilet apparatus that can reduce the total amount of wash water supplied to a bowl portion, even though a jet-pump water supply mechanism is mounted on a toilet body.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a flush toilet apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the flush toilet apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing inside of a tank of the flush toilet apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining operation of a jet pump unit arranged inside of the tank shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration inside of the tank of the flush toilet apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart for explaining a flow of operation during washing in the flush toilet apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining that a flow rate of water supplied to a rim portion is changed by a switch in a channel state of the jet pump unit;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion;
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a case in which an air introduction pipe is arranged on another position;
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining influence of variations in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion;
FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C are diagrams for explaining a configuration and operation of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing a change in the flow rate of the water supplied from the jet pump unit shown in FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C to a rim portion;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing a change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion when an air introduction pipe is further added;
FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams for explaining a configuration of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 15A and 15B are graphs showing a change in the flow rate of the water supplied from the jet pump unit shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B to a rim portion;
FIGS. 16A and 16B are diagrams for explaining a configuration of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 17A and 17B are graphs showing a change in the flow rate of the water supplied from the jet pump unit shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B to a rim portion;
FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C are diagrams for explaining a configuration and operation of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a graph showing a change in the flow rate of the water from the jet pump unit shown in FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C to a toilet body;
FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a case in which an air introduction pipe is arranged in a curved portion;
FIGS. 21A and 21B are diagrams for explaining a configuration and operation of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining a shape of a movable member in the jet pump unit shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B;
FIGS. 23A and 23B are diagrams for explaining a configuration and operation of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; and
FIGS. 24A and 24B are diagrams for explaining a configuration and operation of a jet pump unit of a flush toilet apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. To facilitate understanding of the description, the same constituent elements are designated with the same reference numerals as much as possible in the drawings, and the description will not be repeated.
A flush toilet apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a flush toilet apparatus FT, showing a cross section when the flush toilet apparatus FT is cut at a surface perpendicular to a horizontal direction. FIG. 2 is a top view of the flush toilet apparatus FT. FIG. 2 depicts a state that an upper lid 201 of a tank 20 is removed in order to show an internal structure of the tank 20 described later.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the flush toilet apparatus FT includes: a toilet body 10; and the tank 20 installed on an upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10 on a backward side (right side in FIG. 1 and upper side in FIG. 2) of the toilet body 10. The flush toilet apparatus FT is an apparatus, in which the toilet body 10 receives waste, and water (wash water) supplied from the tank 20 discharges the waste to a drain pipe SW.
In the following description, a right side (left side in FIG. 2) as seen from a user seated on the toilet body 10 will be called “right side”, and a left side as seen from the user seated on the toilet body 10 will be called “left side” (right side in FIG. 2), unless otherwise stated. A forward side (left side in FIG. 1 and lower side in FIG. 2) as seen from the user seated on the toilet body 10 will be called “front side” or “forward side”, and a backward side (right side in FIG. 1 and upper side in FIG. 2) as seen from the user seated on the toilet body 10 will be called “back side” or “backward side”.
The toilet body 10 includes a bowl portion 110, a rim portion 120, a water conduit 130, and a drain trap pipeline 140. The bowl portion 110 is a part that temporarily receives the waste falling from above. The rim portion 120 is formed at an upper edge portion of the bowl portion 110, and the rim portion 120 has a shape such that part of the inner surface of the bowl portion 110 is retracted toward the circumference as shown in FIG. 1. As described later, the rim portion 120 is a channel in which water supplied toward the bowl portion 110 swirls and flows. The rim portion 120 is formed as a substantially round (in the view from the top) channel that goes around along the upper edge of the bowl portion 110.
The water conduit 130 is a channel formed inside of the toilet body 10 to guide water supplied from the tank 20 to the bowl portion 110. One end of the water conduit 130 opens into the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10 to form an inlet 131 of the water supplied from the tank 20. The position of the formation of the inlet 131 is at a part on the backward side of the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10 and is at a center part in the horizontal direction.
The water conduit 130 is branched into two channels (first water conduit 132 and second water conduit 134) in the downstream. An end portion on the downstream side of the first water conduit 132 as one of the channels opens into a part on the right side of the rim portion 120, and the opening is an outlet (water ejection portion 133) of water. When water is supplied from the tank 20 to the inlet 131, part of the water passes through the first water conduit 132, and the water is ejected from the water ejection portion 133 and supplied to the rim portion 120.
An end portion on the downstream side of the second water conduit 134 as the other channel opens into a part on the left side of the rim portion 120, near the back, and the opening is an outlet (water ejection portion 135) of water. When water is supplied from the tank 20 to the inlet 131, part of the water passes through the second water conduit 134, and the water is ejected from the water ejection portion 135 and supplied to the rim portion 120.
The direction of the ejection of water from the water ejection portion 133 is a direction along the circumference of the rim portion 120 formed as a substantially round channel and is a counterclockwise direction in the view from the top. The direction of the ejection of water from the water ejection portion 135 is also the direction along the circumference of the rim portion 120 formed as a substantially round channel and is the counterclockwise direction in the view from the top. As indicated by arrows in FIG. 2, the water ejected from the water ejection portion 133 and the water ejection portion 135 to the rim portion 120 flows down from the entire rim portion 120 toward the bowl portion 110, while swirling and flowing counterclockwise along the rim portion 120.
The drain trap pipeline 140 is a channel connecting a lower end of the bowl portion 110 and the drain pipe SW. The drain trap pipeline 140 includes: a rising channel 141 forming an uphill grade in a direction from the lower end of the bowl portion 110 toward the downstream; and a falling channel 142 forming a downhill grade in a direction from an upper end of the rising channel 141 toward the downstream. According to the configuration, water can be stored in a part from a lower part of the bowl portion 110 to a lower part of the rising channel 141, and the stored water forms sealing water WT. The drain pipe SW is connected to a lower end of the falling channel 142. The drain pipe SW is a pipe arranged inside of a building, and an end portion on the downstream side of the drain pipe SW is connected to a sewer pipe not shown.
When water is supplied from the tank 20 toward the bowl portion 110, the water flows down from the entire rim portion 120 toward the bowl portion 110, while swirling and flowing through the rim portion 120, as described above. Water is added from above to the bowl portion 110. The water passes through the rising channel 141 and the falling channel 142 from a lower end portion of the bowl portion 110, and the water is discharged. As a result, there is a downward flow of water (sealing water WT) stored in the bowl portion 110.
The waste temporarily received by the bowl portion 110 is pushed downward by the water supplied from the rim portion 120 above, and the waste moves toward the lower end of the bowl portion 110. Subsequently, the water flow causes the waste to pass through the rising channel 141, and the waste reaches the falling channel 142. The waste falls toward the drain pipe SW along with the water.
As is clear from the description, the flush toilet apparatus FT is a so-called “wash-down” flush toilet apparatus. In other words, the flush toilet apparatus FT is a system that pushes out the waste toward the drain pipe SW by the water supplied from the tank 20, not a system that induces a siphon action in the bowl portion 110 and the channel in the downstream.
The tank 20 is a container storing water inside, and the tank 20 supplies the water to the inlet 131 of the water conduit 130. The tank 20 includes: a first tank portion 210; and a second tank portion 220 formed to extend part of a bottom wall 211 of the first tank portion 210 downward. The first tank portion 210 and the second tank portion 220 are substantially cuboid containers, and internal spaces of the portions are linked to each other. The second tank portion 220 is connected to a part on the backward side of the bottom wall 211 of the first tank portion 210.
The bottom wall 211 of the first tank portion 210 (part on the forward side of the second tank portion 220) is close to and above a part on the backward side of the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10. Specifically, the inlet 131 is formed at the part on the backward side of the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10, and the bottom wall 211 of the first tank portion 210 is close to and above the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10 so as to cover the surrounding of the inlet 131 from the above. An opening 212 in substantially the same shape as the inlet 131 is formed on the bottom wall 211, and the opening 212 and the inlet 131 overlap in the view from the top. Therefore, the water stored in the tank 20 can enter inside of the water conduit 130 through the opening 212 and the inlet 131, and the water can flow toward the bowl portion 110.
As a result of the arrangement of the first tank portion 210, the second tank portion 220 is positioned behind the toilet body 10. More specifically, the second tank portion 220 is positioned on the backward side of the backward end portion of the toilet body 10. A bottom wall 221 of the second tank portion 220 is arranged at a position lower than the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10.
As a result of the arrangement of the tank 20, a front end portion of the tank 20 is positioned on the forward side of a back end portion of the toilet body 10. A lower end portion of the tank 20 is positioned on the lower side of the upper surface 101 of the toilet body 10. As a result, the dimension in the front-back direction and the dimension in the vertical direction of the entire flush toilet apparatus FT are small, and the design of the flush toilet apparatus FT is improved.
A configuration of the inside of the tank 20 will be described. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the inside of the tank 20 when the flush toilet apparatus FT is viewed from the backward side. As shown in FIG. 3, a water supply pipe 231, a main valve 233, a pilot valve 234, and the jet pump unit 300 are arranged inside of the tank 20.
The water supply pipe 231 is a pipe for supplying water toward the main valve 233 and is arranged to extend vertically upward from the bottom wall 221 of the second tank portion 220. A lower end of the water supply pipe 231 is connected to a water pipe not shown outside of the tank 20. An upper end of the water supply pipe 231 is connected to the main valve 233 from below, inside of the tank 20. The water supply pipe 231 is arranged at a position on the left side of the center in the horizontal direction of the inside of the tank 20.
A constant flow valve 232 not shown in FIG. 3 is arranged in the middle of the water supply pipe 231 (between the water pipe and the main valve 233). When the main valve 233 is open, the flow rate of water entering the main valve 233 is constant because of the constant flow valve 232, and the flow rate is not changed by the water pressure in the water pipe.
The main valve 233 is an open/close valve and is configured to open and close a channel of water from the water supply pipe 231 toward the jet pump unit 300. A vacuum breaker 235 is provided between the main valve 233 and the jet pump unit 300 to prevent the pressure from becoming negative in the upstream of the vacuum breaker 235 which leads to a reverse flow of water. The water supply pipe 231 extends above as described above, and the main valve 233 and the vacuum breaker 235 are arranged at high positions in the tank 20. Therefore, the vacuum breaker 235 is not submerged when the water level of the tank 20 is the full water level.
The pilot valve 234 is provided at the main valve 233, and the open/close of the main valve 233 is switched by the operation of the pilot valve 234. A manual lever 236 arranged outside of the tank 20 is connected to the pilot valve 234 through a transmission mechanism 237 arranged inside of the tank 20. A float 238 arranged inside of the tank 20 is further connected to the pilot valve 234.
When the user of the flush toilet apparatus FT operates the manual lever 236, the operation is transmitted to the pilot valve 234 through the transmission mechanism 237, and the pilot valve 234 is opened. As a result, the main valve 233 is opened, and the water flows from the water supply pipe 231 toward the jet pump unit 300. As described later, the water that flows toward the jet pump unit 300 is supplied to the water conduit 130 as wash water, along with the water stored in the tank 20. Therefore, the water level in the tank 20 gradually decreases.
The main valve 233 is not closed even after the washing of the bowl portion 110 is finished, and the water continuously flows from the water supply pipe 231 toward the jet pump unit 300. The water that flows toward the jet pump unit 300 is supplied inside of the tank 20 and stored for the next washing. When the water toward the inside of the tank 20 is supplied (water is poured into the tank 20), the water level in the tank 20 gradually rises. The float 238 connected to the pilot valve 234 inside of the tank 20 rises along with the rise in the water level, and as a result, the pilot valve 234 is closed.
In this way, when the water level in the tank 20 rises, the pilot valve 234 is closed by a change in the buoyance received by the float 238. When the pilot valve 234 is closed, the main valve 233 is closed, and the supply of water from the water supply pipe 231 to the jet pump unit 300 is stopped. The arrangement of the float 238 is adjusted so that the amount of water stored in the tank 20 at this point is an amount necessary for the next washing (predetermined full water level).
The jet pump unit 300 is configured to induce the jet pump action by the water supplied from the water supply pipe 231 to thereby supply the water toward the water conduit 130. The jet pump unit 300 includes a nozzle 310 and a throat pipe 320.
The nozzle 310 is a pipe in which one end is connected to the vacuum breaker 235 through a connection pipe 239, and an injection port 311 is formed on the other end. The nozzle 310 is arranged near the bottom wall 221 of the second tank portion 220. When the main valve 233 is opened, the water supplied from the water supply pipe 231 flows through the connection pipe 239 to reach the nozzle 310, and a high-speed water flow is injected from the injection port 311. The nozzle 310 is arranged on the backward side of the second tank portion 220, at a corner on the right side (corner in the view from the top). As shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle 310 has a U-shape, and the downstream of the nozzle 310 is folded back from the corner. The injection direction of the injection port 311 faces inside of the throat pipe 320.
The throat pipe 320 is a pipe with a round cross section and is arranged inside of the tank 20, with part of the throat pipe 320 penetrating through the opening 212 formed on the bottom wall 211. One end of the throat pipe 320 is connected to the inlet 131 of the water conduit 130, and a suction port 321, which is an opening, is formed on the other end. A part of the throat pipe 320 near the inlet 131 of the water conduit 130 is along the vertical direction, and a part near the suction port 321 is inclined relative to the horizontal surface. Therefore, the entire throat pipe 320 has an inverted U-shape. As shown in FIG. 2, the throat pipe 320 is arranged inside of the tank 20, inclined relative to the front-back direction in the view from the top.
A specific shape of the throat pipe 320 will be further described in detail. The throat pipe 320 includes: a rising portion 322 extending obliquely upward from the suction port 321; a curved portion 323 arranged on the downstream side (upper side) of the rising portion 322; and a falling portion 324 arranged on the downstream side (lower side) of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion 323.
The rising portion 322 is a cylindrical pipe in which the pipe diameter is uniform throughout the entire pipe, and the rising portion 322 is arranged to incline relative to the horizontal surface. The suction port 321 is formed at the lower end of the rising portion 322. The suction port 321 is formed so that the entire edge is along the horizontal surface (parallel to the horizontal surface).
The falling portion 324 is a cylindrical pipe in which the pipe diameter is uniform throughout the entire pipe, and the falling portion 324 is arranged in the vertical direction. The pipe diameter of the falling portion 324 is greater than the pipe diameter of the rising portion 322. The pipe diameter of the curved portion 323 near the rising portion 322 is equal to the pipe diameter of the rising portion 322. The pipe diameter of the curved portion 323 near the falling portion 324 is equal to the pipe diameter of the falling portion 324. Therefore, it can be stated that the rising portion 322 and the falling portion 324 with different pipe diameters are smoothly connected by the curved portion 323.
An air introduction pipe 330 is connected to a position substantially at the center of the rising portion 322 in the channel direction. The air introduction pipe 330 is a cylindrical pipe arranged in the vertical direction. The lower end of the air introduction pipe 330 is connected to the upper side of the rising portion 322, and the internal space of the air introduction pipe 330 and the internal space of the rising portion 322 are linked. An introduction port 331 is opened and formed on the upper end of the air introduction pipe 330, and air or water entered from the introduction port 331 can enter the internal space of the rising portion 322 through the air introduction pipe 330. The position (height) of the introduction port 331 is submerged when the water level of the tank 20 is the full water level. The position is higher than the suction port 321.
The configuration and operation of the jet pump unit 300 will be further described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. FIG. 4A schematically shows a state in which water is injected from the nozzle 310 when the water level in the tank 20 is higher than the suction port 321 (for example, full water level), and the injection is inducing the jet pump action.
When the main valve 233 is opened to inject water from the injection port 311 of the nozzle 310, the injected high-speed water flows toward the inside of the rising portion 322. The lower side of the rising portion 322 and the nozzle 310 are submerged in the water stored in the tank 20. Therefore, the water stored in the tank 20 is drawn into the rising portion 322 by the high-speed water flow injected from the injection port 311, and the water flows toward the water conduit 130. As a result of the induction of the jet pump action, not only the water injected from the injection port 311 of the nozzle 310, but also the water drawn in from around the suction port 321 flows inside of the throat pipe 320. The water flows through the water conduit 130, and the water as wash water is supplied from the water ejection portions 133 and 135 to the rim portion 120.
In this way, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is higher than the flow rate of the water injected from the injection port 311 of the nozzle 310 in the flush toilet apparatus FT. In other words, even if the flow rate of the water injected from the injection port 311 of the nozzle 310 is small, water at a sufficient flow rate is supplied to the rim portion 120 as wash water. Therefore, even if the flush toilet apparatus FT is installed in an environment with low water pressure in the water pipe, sufficient washing performance can be exerted.
The total amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120 (and the bowl portion 110) as wash water is equal to the sum of the amount of water stored in advance in the tank 20 and the amount of water injected from the injection port 311 of the nozzle 310. Since not all wash water needs to be stored in the tank 20, the tank 20 is downsized, and the design is improved.
By the way, water at a part below the suction port 321 of the water stored in the tank 20 is not supplied from the suction port 321 to the inside of the throat pipe 320. As a result, remained water remains in the tank 20. However, as shown in FIG. 3, etc., the nozzle 310 and the suction port 321 are arranged inside of the second tank portion 220 (narrow). Therefore, the amount of remained water remaining at the part below the suction port 321 is relatively small.
According to the configuration, the amount of remained water when the supply of water to the rim portion 120 is finished is small in the flush toilet apparatus FT. As a result, most of the internal space of the tank 20 can be used as a space for storing water supplied to the rim portion 120 (water that is not remained water), and the enlargement of the tank 20 is suppressed.
A channel switching member 350 is attached near the lower end of the rising portion 322, i.e. near the suction port 321. The channel switching member 350 is a rod-like member including a float 351 on one end in the longitudinal direction and a switching plate 352 on the other end. The channel switching member 350 is not illustrated in FIG. 3, etc., referenced above.
The part of the channel switching member 350 between the float 351 and the switching plate 352 is attached near the lower end of the rising portion 322, and the part can be freely rotated. As shown in FIG. 4A, the channel switching member 350 is rotated by the buoyance applied to the float 351 when the water level in the tank 20 is higher than the suction port 321. Specifically, the float 351 moves upward, and the switching plate 352 moves downward. The float 351 and the switching plate 352 stop at positions shown in FIG. 4A.
In the state of FIG. 4A, the water injected from the nozzle 310 enters inside of the rising portion without directly hitting the switching plate 352. As a result, the jet pump action as already described is induced, and the water as wash water is supplied to the rim portion 120.
Subsequently, the water in the tank 20 is supplied to the rim portion 120, and the water level in the tank 20 gradually decreases.
FIG. 4B schematically shows a state in which the water level in the tank 20 is reduced to near the suction port 321, and the supply of water to the rim portion 120 is stopped. When the water level in the tank 20 is reduced to near the suction port 321, the buoyance applied to the float 351 is small. Therefore, the channel switching member 350 rotates to move the float 351 downward as shown in FIG. 4B. The switching plate 352 moves upward, and the water injected from the nozzle 310 directly hits the switching plate 352.
The surface of the switching plate 352 facing the injection port 311 is curved in a concave shape. When the water injected from the nozzle 310 hits the surface, the water flows along the surface, and the travelling direction is changed by substantially 90 degrees. As a result, the water injected from the nozzle 310 does not enter inside of the rising portion 322, and the water is stored in the tank 20 for the next washing. In this way, the channel switching member 350 switches the supply destination of the water injected from the nozzle 310, from the rim portion 120 (toilet body 10) to the tank 20.
FIG. 5 schematically shows a configuration inside of the tank 20. As already described, the water supply pipe 231, the main valve 233, and the jet pump unit 300 are arranged inside of the tank 20.
In the state that the bowl portion 110 is not washed (standby state), the water level of the tank 20 is the full water level. When the user operates the manual lever 236 of the flush toilet apparatus FT, the main valve 233 is opened as already described, and water is injected from the injection port 311 of the nozzle 310 (arrow AR1 of FIG. 5). The water stored in the tank 20 is drawn into the throat pipe 320 (arrow AR2 of FIG. 5), and the water is supplied to the rim portion 120 as wash water (arrow AR3 of FIG. 5).
When the supply of water to the rim portion 120 is finished, the channel switching member 350 switches the supply destination of the water from the nozzle 310, and pouring of water into the tank 20 is started (arrow AR4 of FIG. 5). The water level in the tank 20 gradually rises, and the float 238 closes the pilot valve 234 at the full water level. At the same time, the main valve 233 is closed, and the pouring of water into the tank 20 is finished. The state returns to the standby state.
Another configuration inside of the tank 20 will be described with reference again to FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a partition wall 240 surrounding the falling portion 324 of the throat pipe 320 is arranged inside of the tank 20. The partition wall 240 is formed to extend upward from the bottom wall 211. Part of the internal space of the tank 20 is divided by the partition wall 240, a front wall surface 213 of the tank 20, a left wall surface 214, and the bottom wall 211 of the first tank portion 210, and a small tank 260 is formed. The small tank 260 is a container in which an upper part opens inside of the tank 20 and is arranged on the forward side of the first tank portion 210, at a corner on the left side. As for the throat pipe 320, a lower end part of the falling portion 324 is arranged inside of the small tank 260. The suction port 321 is arranged outside of the small tank 260.
An open/close window 241 is provided near a lower end portion of the partition wall 240. The open/close window 241 is usually open, and the inside and the outside (space on the backward side of the partition wall 240) of the small tank 260 are linked through the open/close window 241. Therefore, in a state that the bowl portion 110 is not washed (standby state), the water level of the water stored in the tank 20 and the water level of the water stored in the small tank 260 are equal.
The manual lever 236 can be operated in two directions (large direction and small direction). When the manual lever 236 is operated in the large direction, the pilot valve 234 and the main valve 233 are opened, while the open/close window 241 stays open. The water stored in the small tank 260 passes through the open/close window 241 and flows out to the second tank portion 220 to reach the suction port 321. Therefore, most of the water stored in the tank 20 including the water stored in the small tank 260 is drawn into the throat pipe 320 and supplied to the rim portion 120.
Meanwhile, when the manual lever 236 is operated in the small direction, the open/close window 241 is closed, and at the same time, the pilot valve 234 and the main valve 233 are opened. Therefore, of the water stored in the tank 20, the water stored in the small tank 260 cannot pass through the open/close window 241 and remains inside of the small tank 260. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120 as wash water is small.
In the following description, “the water level of the water stored in the tank 20”, “the water level in the tank 20”, or the like denotes the water level outside of the small tank 260. More specifically, this denotes the water level of the water stored in the space where the suction port 321 is arranged, of the two spaces divided by the partition wall 240. The water level of the water stored in the small tank 260 will not be taken into account in the following description.
Subsequently, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 as wash water (may also be referred to as the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portions 133 and 135) will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. FIG. 6 is a flow chart for explaining a flow of operation during washing in the flush toilet apparatus FT. FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining a change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120, schematically showing a switch in the channel state of the jet pump unit 300. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120.
When the user of the flush toilet apparatus FT operates the manual lever 236 (step S01), water is injected from the nozzle 310, and the water is supplied to the rim portion 120 by the jet pump action as already described (step S02).
FIG. 7A schematically shows a channel state of the jet pump unit 300 just after the supply of water to the rim portion 120 is started. Although the water level in the tank 20 is started to decrease from the full water level, the water level is higher than the introduction port 331 of the air introduction pipe 330. Therefore, the introduction port 331 is submerged.
In the rising portion 322, the water entered from the suction port 321 flows toward the curved portion 323. The water flow generates negative pressure in the water inside of the air introduction pipe 330, and the water is drawn into the rising portion 322. As a result, not only the water entered from the suction port 321, but also the water entered from the introduction port 331 flows inside of the rising portion 322. Therefore, a large amount of water caused by the jet pump action is supplied to the rim portion 120 as wash water.
A large amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120 as described above in a period from the start of the injection of water from the nozzle 310 to the time that the water level in the tank 20 is at the position of the introduction port 331 after the decrease in the water level (water level at this point will also be called “first water level”). A step of supplying a large amount of water from the jet pump unit 300 in the period will also be called a “first step” (step S03).
When the water level in the tank 20 decreases to the first water level, the first step ends (step S04). In this case, although the negative pressure is still generated by the water flow inside of the rising portion 322 (near the lower end portion of the air introduction pipe 330), the introduction port 331 appears above the water surface (not submerged). Therefore, air, not water, enters from the introduction port 331.
FIG. 7B schematically shows a channel state of the jet pump unit 300 in this case. Water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310, and a water flow is generated by the jet pump action inside of the throat pipe 320. However, air from the air introduction pipe 330 is mixed with the water flow.
As a result, compared to the state shown in FIG. 7A, the air mixed inside of the throat pipe 320 suppresses the jet pump action, and the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320 is reduced in FIG. 7B. Therefore, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is lower than the flow rate in the first step. In this way, a step of supplying water at the decreased flow rate (due to the suppression of the jet pump action) to the rim portion 120 as wash water after the end of the first step will also be called a “second step” (step S05). The second step continues until the channel switching member 350 is in the state shown in FIG. 4B after further decrease in the water level in the tank 20 (steps S06 and S07).
The water level in the tank 20 when the channel switching member 350 rotates and enters the state shown in FIG. 4B after the reduction in the buoyance applied to the float 351 of the channel switching member 350 will also be called a “second water level”. More specifically, the second water level is the water level in the tank 20 when the supply of wash water to the rim portion 120 is stopped.
When the second step is finished, water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310 as already described, and the water is stored in the tank 20 (step S08). When the water level in the tank 20 rises and reaches the full water level, the injection of water from the nozzle 310 is stopped, and the storage of water in the tank 20 is stopped (steps S09 and S10).
Water (refill water) for forming the sealing water WT may be added and supplied from the jet pump unit 300 to the rim portion 120 after the bowl portion 110 is washed. It is desirable that the supply of the refill water is started at a timing of one of the point that the second step is finished (just after step S07) and the point that the storage of water in the tank 20 is stopped (just after step S10). When the supply of the refill water is started at the point that the second step is finished, the storage of water in the tank 20 and the addition of refill water to the rim portion 120 are performed at the same time.
FIG. 8 shows a change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 in a period from the start of the first step (time t0) to the end of the second step (t200). Therefore, FIG. 8 shows a change in the flow rate of the wash water supplied to the rim portion 120 in the period that the bowl portion 110 is washed. In FIG. 8, the time that the first step is switched to the second step, i.e. the time that the water level in the tank 20 becomes the first water level, is time t100. The flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle 310 is written as Qjet, and the flow rate of the water drawn into the suction port 321 by the jet pump action (water drawn from the tank 20 into the throat pipe 320) is written as Qtank.
As already described, in the first step from the time t0 to the time t100, a large amount of water caused by the jet pump action is supplied to the rim portion 120. As shown in FIG. 8, the flow rate of the water reaching the rim portion 120 is a sum of the flow rate Qjet and the flow rate Qtank. In other words, the flow rate Qjet is amplified by the jet pump action to derive the flow rate.
In the second step from the time t100 to the time t200, the water at the flow rate amplified by the jet pump action reaches the rim portion 120, as in the first step. However, the jet pump action is suppressed by mixing of bubbles inside of the throat pipe 320 in the second step. More specifically, although the flow rate Qjet of the water injected from the nozzle 310 remains constant after the switch to the second step, the flow rate Qtank of the water drawn into the suction port 321 decreases at the same time as the switch to the second step. As a result, the flow rate (sum of the flow rate Qjet and the flow rate Qtank) of the water supplied from the jet pump unit 300 to the rim portion 120 rapidly decreases after the time t100 (changed from flow rate Q1 to flow rate Q2).
The reason that the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is reduced as described above in the middle of the period of washing the bowl portion 110 will be described. A line OL indicated by an alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 8 shows a relationship between the flow rate supplied to the rim portion 120 in the first step and the time that the water overflows from the rim portion 120 (when the first step is continued at the same flow rate).
At the start of the supply of water to the rim portion 120 after the ejection of water from the water ejection portions 133 and 135, the amount of water swirling and flowing in the rim portion 120, i.e. amount of water staying in the rim portion 120, is relatively small. Therefore, the rim portion 120 has a room for receiving newly supplied water, and the water does not overflow from the rim portion 120.
However, even if the flow rate of the water continuously supplied to the rim portion 120 is substantially constant, the amount of water staying in the rim portion 120 gradually increases, and the room for receiving newly supplied water decreases. As a result, the water newly supplied to the rim portion 120 may overflow after the amount of water staying in the rim portion 120 exceeds a certain amount (hereinafter, also called “limit amount”).
When the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is relatively high in the first step, the amount of water staying in the rim portion 120 quickly increases, and the water reaches the limit amount at an early point. On the other hand, when the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is relatively low, the amount of water staying in the rim portion 120 slowly increases, and it takes a long time to reach the limit amount. Therefore, the relationship between the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 and the time that the amount of water staying in the rim portion 120 exceeds the limit amount indicates a declining curve as illustrated by the line OL of FIG. 8.
A dotted line VL shown in FIG. 8 is a line indicating the flow rate of water supplied to the rim portion 120 when the first step is continued without the switch to the second step at the time t100. In this way, when the first step is continued, the dotted line VL overlaps the line OL at time t120 just after the time t100. Therefore, the water overflows from the rim portion 120 at the time t120 if there is no switch to the second step.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is rapidly reduced at the point before the water overflows from the rim portion 120 (at the time t100 before the time t120) to thereby prevent the overflow of water from the rim portion 120. Specifically, air is mixed with the water flow caused by the jet pump action, and the channel state of the jet pump unit 300 is changed to suppress the jet pump action. In other words, the length of the air introduction pipe 330 is adjusted so that the air is introduced from the introduction port 331 at a timing just before the water overflows from the rim portion 120 (so that the jet pump action is suppressed).
The introduction port 331 is submerged in the tank 20 in the first step from the time t0 to the time t100. Therefore, the jet pump action is not suppressed, and a large amount of water is supplied at substantially a constant flow rate from the jet pump unit 300 to the rim portion 120 (water ejection portions 133 and 135). The waste attached to the bowl portion 110 is removed in a short time. Therefore, the time for ejecting water from the water ejection portions 133 and 135 can be reduced to save water.
The introduction port 331 is not submerged in the tank 20 in the second step from the time t100 to the time t200. Therefore, the jet pump action is suppressed by the bubbles mixed from the air introduction pipe 330, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 decreases (changes from the flow rate Q1 to the flow rate Q2). As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is reduced before the water overflows from the rim portion 120 after the increase in the amount of water staying in the rim portion 120.
In this way, the air introduction pipe 330 functions as “channel state switching portion” for switching the channel state of the jet pump unit 300 to suppress the jet pump action.
The timing of the transition from the first step to the second step is taken into account to determine the position (height) of the introduction port 331. Appropriate suppression of the jet pump is taken into account to determine the position of the lower end of the air introduction pipe 330. Although the determined positions are usually different, the length of the air introduction pipe 330 may be 0 if the positions coincide. More specifically, a through hole may be formed on the wall surface of the throat pipe 320, and the air may be introduced from the through hole. In this case, the position of the through hole is the position of the introduction port 331 and is the position where the air is mixed with the water flow in the throat pipe 320.
In this way, the largest possible amount of water can be supplied to the rim portion 120 (water ejection portions 133 and 135) while surely preventing the overflow of the water from the rim portion 120 throughout the entire period of supplying water to the rim portion 120 (from time t0 to time t200) in the flush toilet apparatus FT according to the present embodiment. As a result, high washing performance and water saving performance can be ensured.
The flush toilet apparatus FT is a wash-down flush toilet apparatus. This can attain an advantageous effect of reducing the total amount of the wash water supplied to the bowl portion 110 while ensuring the discharge performance of the waste throughout the entire period of supplying the wash water. The reason that this advantageous effect is attained will be described hereinafter.
The flow rate of the minimum wash water necessary to discharge waste in the wash-down toilet body 10 is not always constant from the start to the end of washing, and the minimum wash water changes with time.
Specifically, at the start of washing, the water stored in the bowl portion 110 in the resting state needs to be provided with momentum to form the water flow, and a large amount (first flow rate) of wash water needs to be supplied. However, in the middle of washing following the start of washing, the water flow is already formed in the bowl portion 110, and inertia force is acting in the water. Therefore, the flow rate of the water necessary to maintain the water flow in the bowl portion 110 is lower than the first flow rate.
Therefore, if water at a constant flow rate is always supplied from the start to the end of washing, more than necessary amount of wash water is supplied, and part of the wash water is wasted.
Thus, if the first and second steps are sequentially executed, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portions 133 and 135 is reduced (changed from the first flow rate to the second flow rate) as in the flush toilet apparatus FT according to the present embodiment, water can be saved without sacrificing the washing performance even in the wash-down toilet body 10.
The reduction in the flow rate of water is advantageous in that light waste floating in the bowl portion 110, which is unlikely to be discharged when a large amount (first flow rate) of water is supplied, is easily discharged. It is preferable to reduce the flow rate of the water to ensure the discharge performance of the light waste.
In this way, when the jet pump unit 300 is mounted on the wash-down toilet body 10, there is an advantageous effect that the total amount of wash water supplied to the bowl portion 110 can be reduced while ensuring the discharge performance of waste throughout the entire period of supplying wash water. As a result, the water saving capacity can be improved without sacrificing the washing performance.
The first and second steps can be executed as in the flush toilet apparatus FT according to the present invention to improve the water saving capacity without sacrificing the washing performance, not only in the wash-down toilet body 10, but also in a siphon-type toilet body. The reason is as follows.
The siphon-type toilet body fills a curved portion of a drain pipe with water to generate a siphon action to thereby move the waste to the downstream of the drain pipe to discharge the waste. The flow rate of the minimum wash water necessary to discharge the waste in the siphon-type toilet body is not always constant from the start to the end of washing, and the minimum wash water changes with time.
Specifically, the curved portion of the drain pipe needs to be filled with water to generate the siphon action just after the start of washing, and a large amount of wash water needs to be supplied to quickly fill the curved portion with water.
On the other hand, the supply of water necessary to maintain the full state decreases once after the curved portion is filled with water. More specifically, after the generation of the siphon action, the full state is maintained even after the reduction in the amount of supplied water, and the siphon action is continuously generated.
Therefore, if the water is always supplied at a constant flow rate from the start to the end of washing, more than necessary amount of wash water is supplied, and part of the wash water is wasted.
Thus, if the first and second steps are sequentially executed, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portions 133 and 135 is reduced (changed from the first flow rate to the second flow rate) as in the flush toilet apparatus FT according to the present embodiment, water can be saved without sacrificing the washing performance even in the siphon-type toilet body.
The reduction in the flow rate is advantageous in that light waste floating in the bowl portion, which is unlikely to be discharged when a large amount of water is supplied, can be easily discharged. Therefore, the reduction in the flow rate in the middle of washing is also preferable in terms of the discharge performance of waste.
The place for mixing the bubbles inside of the throat pipe 320 can be the falling portion 324, instead of the rising portion 322 as in the present embodiment. However, if the air is mixed in the falling portion 324, the water in the tank 20 cannot be at the full water level. This is because the introduction port 331 is submerged when the water in the tank 20 is at the full water level, and the water entering the falling portion 324 from the introduction port 331 is directly supplied to the rim portion 120 by the gravity.
Therefore, the air is mixed at a place on the upstream side of the falling portion 324 in the flush toilet apparatus FT. The configuration prevents the water in the tank 20 from entering the throat pipe 320 from the introduction port 331 and directly flowing out toward the toilet body 10 when the toilet body 10 is not washed.
The place for mixing the bubbles inside of the throat pipe 320 can be on the upstream side of the suction port 321 as shown for example in FIG. 9. In this case, the lower end of the air introduction pipe 330 is arranged at a position between the nozzle 310 and the suction port 321. However, according to the configuration, the lower end of the air introduction pipe 330 may inhibit the flow of the water entering inside of the throat pipe 320 from the suction port 321, and the jet pump action may be inhibited. As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 may decrease (particularly in the first step).
Therefore, the air introduced from the introduction port 331 of the air introduction pipe 330 is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action at a position on the downstream side of the suction port 321 in the flush toilet apparatus FT. The configuration can prevent the air introduction pipe 330 from inhibiting the flow of the water entering inside of the throat pipe 320 from the suction port 321. As a result, the jet pump action in the first step is not inhibited, and a large amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120. Therefore, high washing performance can be ensured.
Channel state switching portion can, for example, change the channel state of the upstream of the suction port 321 in the jet pump unit 300 to thereby suppress the jet pump action in the second step. For example, the flow rate Qjet of the water injected from the nozzle 310 can be reduced to suppress the jet pump action in the second step. In addition, the channel resistance of the part between the nozzle 310 and the suction port 321 can be increased to suppress the jet pump action in the second step.
However, the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320 is derived by increasing (amplifying) the flow rate Qjet of the water injected from the nozzle 310 by the jet pump action. Therefore, the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320 is significantly reduced by slightly reducing the flow rate Qjet of the water injected from the nozzle 310. Similarly, the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320 is significantly reduced by slightly increasing the channel resistance of the part between the nozzle 310 and the suction port 321.
In this way, it is not easy to change the channel state of the upstream of the suction port 321 to change the flow rate Q1 to the appropriate flow rate Q2 (see FIG. 8). According to such a mode, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 in the second step may be too low, and necessary washing performance may not be ensured.
Therefore, the channel state switching portion in the flush toilet apparatus FT switches the channel state on the downstream side of the nozzle 310 and the suction port 321 of the jet pump unit 300 (inside of the rising portion 322 in the present embodiment). According to the configuration, it is easy to appropriately adjust the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320. This prevents the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 in the second step from becoming too low.
Channel state switching portion can, for example, change the channel state of the falling portion 324 of the jet pump unit 300 to thereby suppress the jet pump action in the second step. However, the flow velocity of the water flowing inside of the falling portion 324 is relatively slow (high-speed water injected from the nozzle 310 and the water in the tank 20 conveyed due to the high-speed water are sufficiently mixed, and the flow velocity is slower than the flow velocity of the water injected from the nozzle 310 as a result of the equalization of the flow velocity in the channel cross section). Therefore, for example, an increase in the channel resistance of the falling portion 324 in some degree only slightly reduces the flow rate. In this way, it is difficult to change the channel state of the falling portion 324 to suppress the jet pump action in the second step.
Therefore, the channel state switching portion in the flush toilet apparatus FT switches the channel state on the upstream side of the falling portion 324 in the jet pump unit 300 (inside of the rising portion 322 in the present embodiment). The configuration further facilitates the channel state switching portion to switch the channel state to appropriately adjust the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320.
Subsequently, influence of variations in the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle 310 will be described with reference to FIG. 10. A graph GJ1 of FIG. 10 indicates a temporal change in the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle 310. As already described, the water is injected from the nozzle 310 at the constant flow rate Qjet. A graph GT1 indicates a flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 by the jet pump action. The flow rate Qjet is amplified by the jet pump action in the first step, and as a result, water at the flow rate Q1 is supplied to the rim portion 120. FIG. 10 does not depict a graph indicating the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 after the time t100 (second step).
The flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 by the jet pump unit 300 may not be strictly as in the design value (Qjet) due to, for example, the machine difference in the constant flow valve 232 arranged on the upstream side of the nozzle 310, and the flow rate may vary between products. A graph GJ2 of FIG. 10 indicates a temporal change in the flow rate when the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle 310 is not as in the design value and is a flow rate Qjet2 slightly higher than the flow rate Qjet. In this case, the flow rate of the water supplied to the toilet body 10 is a flow rate Q12 higher than the flow rate Q1 as indicated by a graph GT12.
As is clear from FIG. 10, if the first step is continued up to the time t100 in this case, the graph GT12 and the line OL intersect. More specifically, the water overflows from the rim portion 120 at a point before the time t100.
However, in the present embodiment, the first step ends when the water level in the tank 20 decreases to the first water level (introduction port 331), and the first step is switched to the second step. Therefore, the first step ends before the time t100 (time t90) when the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 increases from the flow rate Q1 to the flow rate Q12. As a result, the graph GT12 and the line OL do not intersect as shown in FIG. 10, and the first step is switched to the second step before the water overflows from the rim portion 120.
A graph GJ3 of FIG. 10 indicates a temporal change in the flow rate when the flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle 310 is not as in the design value and is a flow rate Qjet3 slightly lower than the flow rate Qjet. In this case, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is a flow rate Q13 lower than the flow rate Q1 as indicated by a graph GT13.
As is clear from FIG. 10, if the first step ends at the time t100 in this case, the first step is switched to the second step way before the water starts to overflow from the rim portion 120. More specifically, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is reduced even though the rim portion 120 has a sufficient room for receiving newly supplied water. In this case, the washing performance in the first step is not sufficient, and the washing performance of the bowl portion 110 cannot be ensured.
However, in the present embodiment, the first step continues until the water level in the tank 20 decreases to the first water level (introduction port 331). Therefore, the first step continues until a point later than the time t100 (time t110) when the flow rate of the water supplied to the toilet body 10 is reduced from the flow rate Q1 to the flow rate Q13. As a result, the washing performance of the bowl portion 110 in the first step is sufficiently ensured.
In this way, the greater the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 in the first step, the earlier the timing of transition from the first step to the second step in the present embodiment. More specifically, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step (length of the period of the first step) is not fixed, and the timing changes according to the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 in the first step. According to the configuration, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step is adjusted to be appropriate according to the change even if the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 is changed in the first step.
According to the configuration of switching the first step to the second step when the water level in the tank 20 decreases to the first water level (introduction port 331), the adjustment is automatically performed at the timing described above. Therefore, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step is appropriately and automatically adjusted without directly measuring the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120 in the first step. Thus, an apparatus such as a flowmeter is not necessary, and the timing of transition to the second step is appropriately and automatically adjusted with a simple configuration.
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTa according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although the arrangement and the number of air introduction pipes connected to a throat pipe 320a in the flush toilet apparatus FTa are different from those of the flush toilet apparatus FT, other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
As shown in FIG. 11A, two air introduction pipes (first air introduction pipe 330a and second air introduction pipe 340a) are connected to the throat pipe 320a of the flush toilet apparatus FTa. These are cylindrical pipes arranged in the vertical direction, and the lower ends are connected to the upper side of a rising portion 322a of the throat pipe 320a. 
The first air introduction pipe 330a has the same shape as the air introduction pipe 330 of the flush toilet apparatus FT and is arranged at the same position. An introduction port 331a is opened and formed on the upper end of the first air introduction pipe 330a, and air or water entered from the introduction port 331a can enter the internal space of the rising portion 322a through the first air introduction pipe 330a. The position (height) of the introduction port 331a is submerged when the water level of a tank 20a is the full water level. The position is higher than a suction port 321a. 
The second air introduction pipe 340a has the same shape as the first air introduction pipe 330a and is connected to a position of the rising portion 322a on the upstream side of the first air introduction pipe 330a. An introduction port 341a is opened and formed on the upper end of the second air introduction pipe 340a, and air or water entered from the introduction port 341a can enter the internal space of the rising portion 322a through the second air introduction pipe 340a. The position (height) of the introduction port 341a is at a position lower than the introduction port 331a and higher than the suction port 321a. 
The flow rate of water supplied to a rim portion 120a as wash water will be described with reference to FIGS. 11A to 12. FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C are diagrams for explaining a structure and operation of a jet pump unit 300a, schematically showing a switch in the channel state of the jet pump unit 300a. FIG. 12 is a graph showing a change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a. 
FIG. 11A schematically shows the channel state of the jet pump unit 300a just after the supply of water to the rim portion 120a is started. Although the water level in the tank 20a is started to decrease from the full water level, the water level is higher than the introduction port 331a of the first air introduction pipe 330a. Therefore, the introduction port 331a and the introduction port 341a are both submerged.
The water entered from the suction port 321a flows toward a curved portion 323a inside of the rising portion 322a. The water flow generates negative pressure in the water inside of the first air introduction pipe 330a, and the water is drawn into the rising portion 322a. Similarly, the negative pressure also acts on the water inside of the second air introduction pipe 340a, and the water is drawn into the rising portion 322a. As a result, not only the water entered from the suction port 321a, but also the water entered from the introduction port 331a and the introduction port 341a flows inside of the rising portion 322a. Therefore, a large amount of water caused by the jet pump action is supplied to the rim portion 120a as wash water. A large amount (flow rate: Q1) of water is supplied to the rim portion 120a as described above in the period from the start of the injection of water from a nozzle 310a (time t0) to the time that the water level in the tank 20a is at the position (first water level) of the introduction port 331a after the decrease in the water level (time t100).
As in the flush toilet apparatus FT, when the water level in the tank 20a decreases to the first water level (position of the introduction port 331a), the first step ends, and the first step is switched to the second step. In this case, although the negative pressure is still generated by the water flow inside of the rising portion 322a (near the lower end portion of the first air introduction pipe 330a), the introduction port 331a appears above the water surface (not submerged). Therefore, air, not water, enters from the introduction port 331a. On the other hand, the introduction port 341a is still submerged, and water continuously enters from the introduction port 341a. 
FIG. 11B schematically shows the channel state of the jet pump unit 300a in this case. The water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310a, and the water flow is generated by the jet pump action inside of the throat pipe 320a. However, the air from the first air introduction pipe 330a is mixed with the water flow. The air mixed inside of the throat pipe 320a suppresses the jet pump action, and the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320a is reduced in FIG. 11B. More specifically, the flow rate (flow rate: Q2) of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a is lower than the flow rate (flow rate: Q1) in the first step.
Subsequently, when the water level in the tank 20a further decreases to the position of the introduction port 341a (time t130), the air also enters from the introduction port 341a. Therefore, in addition to the air from the first air introduction pipe 330a, the air from the second air introduction pipe 340a is also started to be mixed with the water flow inside of the throat pipe 320a. 
FIG. 11C schematically shows the channel state of the jet pump unit 300a in this case. The water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310a, and the water flow is generated by the jet pump action inside of the throat pipe 320a. However, more air is mixed with the water flow. The mixed air further suppresses the jet pump action, and the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320a is further reduced in FIG. 11C. More specifically, the flow rate (flow rate: Q3) of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a is further reduced from the flow rate in FIG. 11B (flow rate: Q2).
Subsequently, the water level in the tank 20a further decreases, and the water is supplied to the rim portion 120a until the water level reaches the second water level. When the water level in the tank 20a decreases to the second water level, the second step ends, and the storage of water in the tank 20a is started by the operation of a channel switching member 350a. 
As is clear from the above description and FIG. 12, the jet pump action is suppressed at the point of the switch from the first step to the second step (time t100), and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a rapidly decreases in the present embodiment. The jet pump action is suppressed again in the middle of the period of the second step (time t130), and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a further decreases in the present embodiment.
In this way, the largest possible amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120a at a constant rate in the first step (up to time t100), and the flow rate is reduced in stages in the second step (after time t100). In other words, the part in the second step in a graph GT2 (see FIG. 12) indicating the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a approaches the line OL in a step-like pattern. Therefore, the largest possible amount of water can be supplied to the rim portion 120a while preventing the overflow of the water from the rim portion 120a. 
The number of air introduction pipes is not limited to two, and the number may be further increased. More specifically, three or more air introduction pipes may be connected to the throat pipe 320a, and the height of the upper end (introduction port) of each air introduction pipe may be different. According to the configuration, when the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120a is reduced in stages in the second step, the number of stages can be further increased. For example, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120a in the second step can be changed substantially smoothly as in a graph GT3 shown in FIG. 13.
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTb according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although the shape and the material of an air introduction pipe connected to a throat pipe 320b in the flush toilet apparatus FTb are different from those of the flush toilet apparatus FT, other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams for explaining a configuration of a jet pump unit 300b in the flush toilet apparatus FTb. As shown in FIG. 14A, an air introduction pipe 330b is connected to a position substantially at the center of a rising portion 322b in the channel direction. The air introduction pipe 330b is a cylindrical pipe formed by a flexible resin. One end of the air introduction pipe 330b is connected to the upper side of the rising portion 322b, and the internal space of the air introduction pipe 330b and the internal space of the rising portion 322b are linked. An introduction port 331b is opened and formed on the other end of the air introduction pipe 330b, and air or water entered from the introduction port 331b can pass through the air introduction pipe 330b to enter the internal space of the rising portion 322b. 
A holding member 360b is attached to the upper surface of the rising portion 322b. The holding member 360b can hold the air introduction pipe 330b in a state that the other end of the air introduction pipe 330b (end portion near the introduction port 331b) deformed into an inverted U-shape faces downward.
The height of the introduction port 331b held by the holding member 360b can be adjusted. More specifically, while the air introduction pipe 330b can be held so that the introduction port 331b is at a relatively high position as shown in FIG. 14A, the air introduction pipe 330b can also be held so that the introduction port 331b is at a relatively low position as shown in FIG. 14B. The height of the introduction port 331b can be changed to change the timing of transition from the first step to the second step.
The reason that the timing adjustment is possible will be described. The flow rate of the water supplied to a rim portion 120b by the jet pump unit 300b may not be strictly as in the design value due to, for example, the machine difference in a constant flow valve 232b arranged on the upstream side of a nozzle 310b, and the flow rate may vary between products. Even if the water at the flow rate as in the design value is supplied to the rim portion 120b, the timing that the water overflows from the rim portion 120b may vary between products due to, for example, variations in the shape of a toilet body 10b. As a result, the washing performance of a bowl portion 110b may be insufficient depending on the product, and water may overflow from the rim portion 120b. 
For example, when the flow rate Q1 shown in FIG. 8 becomes high due to the machine difference in the constant flow valve 232b, the water overflows from the rim portion 120b if the first step is continued up to the time t100. When the dotted line OL of FIG. 8 moves downward due to the variations in the shape of the toilet body 10b, the water also overflows from the rim portion 120b if the first step is continued up to the time t100.
Therefore, when the flow rate or the like of the water supplied to the rim portion 120b is not as in the design value, the height of the introduction port 331b is changed to adjust the timing of transition from the first step to the second step. Specifically, the height of the introduction port 331b is adjusted for each product so that the first step is switched to the second step just before the water overflows from the rim portion 120b (so that the height of the introduction port 331b is at the water level in the tank 20b at this point). Each product can be adjusted and optimized so that both of the ensuring of the washing performance of the bowl portion 110b and the prevention of the overflow of water from the rim portion 120b can be attained with good balance.
When the timing of ending the second step, i.e. the timing of ending the supply of water to the rim portion 120b by the jet pump action (time t200 in FIG. 8), is fixed, the length of the period from the start of the first step (time t0) to the end of the second step (time t200) is always constant. Therefore, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b in the period is changed by the height (amount of adjustment) of the introduction port 331b. 
For example, when the timing of the transition from the first step to the second step is adjusted to be earlier (when the first step is switched to the second step at a timing earlier than the time t100 of FIG. 8), the period of the first step with a high flow rate becomes shorter, and the period of the second step with a low flow rate becomes longer. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b is smaller than before the adjustment, and the washing performance of the bowl portion 110b may be reduced.
On the other hand, when the timing of the transition from the first step to the second step is adjusted to be later (when the first step is switched to the second step at a timing later than the time t100 of FIG. 8), the period of the first step with a high flow rate becomes longer, and the period of the second step with a low flow rate becomes shorter. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b is greater than before the adjustment, and the water level in the tank 20b may be reduced to the suction port 321b before washing of the bowl portion 110b is completed. In such a case, the water injected from the nozzle 310b reaches the rim portion 120b without being amplified by the jet pump action, and the water is consumed as wasteful water that does not contribute to the washing.
Therefore, the timing of ending the second step is changed based on the height (amount of adjustment) of the introduction port 331b in the flush toilet apparatus FTb.
The timing of ending the second step will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B. FIGS. 15A and 15B are graphs indicating changes in the flow rate of the water supplied from the jet pump unit 300b to the rim portion 120b. Graphs GT3 indicated by solid lines in FIGS. 15A and 15B show temporal changes in the flow rate when the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120b is changed at the same timing as in FIG. 8. More specifically, the graphs GT3 indicate the flow rate when the first step is switched to the second step at the time t100, and the second step ends at the time t200 as shown in FIG. 8.
When the height of the introduction port 331b is adjusted to be lower, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes later as indicated by a dotted line DL1 of FIG. 15A (the first step is switched to the second step at time t101 later than the time t100). Therefore, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b in the first step increases.
As already described in relation to the flush toilet apparatus FT, the second step ends when the water level in the tank 20b reaches the second water level in the present embodiment. Therefore, when the period of the first step (with high flow rate) becomes longer after the adjustment as described above, the timing that the water level in the tank 20b reaches the second water level becomes earlier. More specifically, as indicated by a dotted line DL2 of FIG. 15A, the timing of ending the second step becomes earlier (second step ends at time t199 earlier than the time t200).
In this way, while the period of the first step becomes longer, the period of the second step becomes shorter. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b in the period from the start of the first step to the end of the second step is substantially equal to the amount before the adjustment of the height of the introduction port 331b. 
When the height of the introduction port 331b is adjusted to be higher, the timing of transition from the first step to the second step becomes earlier as indicated by a dotted line DL3 of FIG. 15B (the first step is switched to the second step at time t99 earlier than the time t100). Therefore, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b in the first step decreases.
The second step ends when the water level in the tank 20b reaches the second water level in the present embodiment. Therefore, when the period of the first step (with high flow rate) becomes shorter after the adjustment, the timing that the water level in the tank 20b reaches the second water level becomes later. More specifically, the timing of ending the second step becomes later as indicated by a dotted line DL4 of FIG. 15B (second step ends at time t201 later than the time t200).
In this way, while the period of the first step becomes shorter, the period of the second step becomes longer. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120b in the period from the start of the first step to the end of the second step is also substantially equal to the amount before the adjustment of the height of the introduction port 331b. 
In this way, when the height of the introduction port 331b is adjusted, the time of ending the second step (length of the period of the second step) is automatically changed based on the amount of adjustment. According to the configuration, the reduction in the washing performance and the generation of the wasteful water can be prevented.
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTc according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although the flush toilet apparatus FTc is different from the flush toilet apparatus FT in that an air introduction pipe 330c includes an opening adjustment mechanism, other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
FIGS. 16A and 16B are diagrams for explaining a configuration of a jet pump unit 300c of the flush toilet apparatus FTc. As shown in FIG. 16A, the air introduction pipe 330c is connected to a position substantially at the center of a rising portion 322c in the channel direction. The air introduction pipe 330c is a cylindrical pipe arranged in the vertical direction. The air introduction pipe 330c has substantially the same shape as the air introduction pipe 330 of the flush toilet apparatus FT and is arranged at the same position.
An introduction port 331c is opened and formed on the upper end of the air introduction pipe 330c, and air or water entered from the introduction port 331c can pass through the air introduction pipe 330c to enter the internal space of the rising portion 322c. The position (height) of the introduction port 331c is submerged when the water level of a tank 20c is the full water level. The position is higher than a suction port 321c. 
An opening adjustment mechanism 370c is attached to the air introduction pipe 330c. The opening adjustment mechanism 370c includes a grip 371c arranged outside of the air introduction pipe 330c and a valve body 372c partially arranged inside of the air introduction pipe 330c. When the operator grabs and rotates the grip 371c, the position of the valve body 372c changes, and the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c changes at the part.
As shown in FIG. 16A, when the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted to be larger, the amount of air entering the introduction port 331c in the second step, i.e. the amount of air mixed with the water flow inside of the throat pipe 320c, increases. As a result, the amount of suppression of the jet pump action increases, and the flow rate of the water supplied to a rim portion 120c in the second step decreases.
On the other hand, when the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted to be smaller, the amount of air entering the introduction port 331c in the second step, i.e. the amount of air mixed with the water flow inside of the throat pipe 320c, decreases as shown in FIG. 16B. As a result, the amount of suppression of the jet pump action decreases, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120c in the second step increases.
As already described, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120c or the like may vary between products due to the machine difference in a constant flow valve 232c, variations in the shape of a toilet body 10c, or the like. As a result, the time before the water overflows from the rim portion 120c after the transition to the second step may vary between products.
Therefore, when the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120c or the like is not as in the design value, the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is changed to adjust the amount of suppression of the jet pump action. Specifically, the opening adjustment mechanism 370c is operated to adjust the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c so that the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120c in the second step becomes a flow rate that does not cause the water to overflow from the rim portion 120c before the end of the second step.
As a result of the adjustment, the largest possible amount of water can be supplied to the rim portion 120c within a range that the water does not overflow from the rim portion 120c. In other words, each product can be adjusted and optimized so that both of the ensuring of the washing performance of the bowl portion 110c and the prevention of the overflow of water from the rim portion 120c can be attained with good balance.
When the channel-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted to be larger to increase the amount of suppression of the jet pump action in the second step (to reduce the flow rate), the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120c is smaller than before the adjustment. As a result, while the overflow of water from the rim portion 120c is prevented, the washing performance of the bowl portion 110c may be reduced.
On the other hand, when the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted to be smaller to reduce the amount of suppression of the jet pump action in the second step (to increase the flow rate), the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120c becomes larger than before. As a result, the water may overflow from the rim portion 120c in the second step.
Therefore, the timing of ending the second step is changed based on the channel cross-sectional area (amount of adjustment by the opening adjustment mechanism 370c) in the air introduction pipe 330c in the flush toilet apparatus FTc.
The timing of ending the second step will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A and 17B. FIGS. 17A and 17B are graphs showing changes in the flow rate of the water supplied from the jet pump unit 300c to the rim portion 120c. Graphs GT4 indicated by solid lines in FIGS. 17A and 17B denote temporal changes in the flow rate when the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120c is the same as in FIG. 8. More specifically, the graphs GT4 indicate the temporal changes in the flow rate when water at the flow rate Q1 is supplied to the rim portion 120c in the first step up to the time t100, and water at the flow rate Q2 is supplied to the rim portion 120c in the second step up to the time t200 as shown in FIG. 8.
When the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted to be larger, the flow rate in the second step becomes lower as indicated by a dotted line DL5 of FIG. 17A (flow rate Q2 is changed to flow rate Q21).
As already described in relation to the flush toilet apparatus FT, the second step ends when the water level in the tank 20c reaches the second water level in the present embodiment. Therefore, when the flow rate in the second step becomes lower after the adjustment, the timing that the water level in the tank 20c reaches the second water level becomes later. More specifically, the timing of ending the second step becomes later (second step ends at time t202 later than the time t200) as indicated by a dotted line DL6 of FIG. 17A.
In this way, while the flow rate in the second step becomes lower, the period of the second step becomes longer. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120c in the period from the start of the first step to the end of the second step is substantially equal to the amount before the adjustment of the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c. 
When the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted to be larger, the flow rate in the second step becomes higher (flow rate Q2 changes to flow rate Q22) as indicated by a dotted line DL7 of FIG. 17B.
In the present embodiment, the second step ends when the water level in the tank 20c reaches the second water level. Therefore, when the flow rate in the second step becomes higher after the adjustment as described above, the timing that the water level in the tank 20c reaches the second water level becomes earlier. More specifically, the timing of ending the second step becomes earlier (second step ends at time t198 earlier than the time t200) as indicated by a dotted line DL8 of FIG. 17B.
In this way, while the flow rate in the second step becomes higher, the period in the second step becomes shorter. As a result, the amount of water supplied to the rim portion 120c in the period from the start of the first step to the end of the second step is substantially equal to the amount before the adjustment of the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c. 
As described, when the channel cross-sectional area in the air introduction pipe 330c is adjusted, the time of ending the second step (length of the period of the second step) is automatically changed based on the amount of adjustment. According to the configuration, the reduction in the washing performance and the generation of the wasteful water can be prevented.
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTd according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the flush toilet apparatus FTd, a tank 20d is arranged at a position higher than the position of the tank 20 shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, when water is supplied from the tank 20d to a rim portion 120d, the siphon action is generated inside of a throat pipe 320d in an inverted U-shape. More specifically, the water head (potential energy) of the water stored in the tank 20d generates a water flow, and the water flow is added to the already described water flow caused by the jet pump action. Although the flush toilet apparatus FTd is different from the flush toilet apparatus FT in this regard, other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C are diagrams for explaining a structure and operation of a jet pump unit 300d, schematically showing a switch in the channel state of the jet pump unit 300d. FIG. 19 is a graph indicating a change in the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d. 
FIG. 18A schematically shows the channel state of the jet pump unit 300d just after the supply of water to the rim portion 120d is started. Although the water level in the tank 20d is started to be reduced from the full water level, the water level is higher than an introduction port 331d of an air introduction pipe 330d. Therefore, the introduction port 331d is submerged.
In a rising portion 322d, water entered from a suction port 321d flows toward a curved portion 323d. The water flow generates negative pressure in the water inside of the air introduction pipe 330d, and the water is drawn into the rising portion 322d. As a result, not only the water entered from the suction port 321d, but also the water entered from the introduction port 331d flows inside of the rising portion 322d. In addition, a water flow caused by the siphon action is also generated inside of the throat pipe 320d. Therefore, a large amount of water caused by the jet pump action and the siphon action is supplied to the rim portion 120d as wash water.
A large amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120d as described above in the period from the start of the injection of water from the nozzle 310d (time t0) to the time that the water level in the tank 20d is at the position of the introduction port 331d (first water level) after the decrease in the water level (time t100). However, the water level in the tank 20d gradually decreases, and the water flow caused by the jet pump action also gradually becomes smaller accordingly. As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d gradually becomes lower in the first step up to the time t100 as shown in FIG. 19.
As in the flush toilet apparatus FT, when the water level in the tank 20d decreases to the first water level (position of the introduction port 331d), the first step ends, and the first step is switched to the second step. In this case, although the negative pressure is still generated by the water flow inside of the rising portion 322d (near the lower end portion of the air introduction pipe 330d), the introduction port 331d appears above the water surface (not submerged). Therefore, air, not water, enters from the introduction port 331d. 
FIG. 18B schematically shows a channel state of the jet pump unit 300d in this case. The water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310d, and the water flow is generated by the jet pump action inside of the throat pipe 320d. However, the air from the air introduction pipe 330d is mixed with the water flow. The air mixed inside of the throat pipe 320d suppresses the jet pump action, and the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320d decreases. As shown in FIG. 19, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d rapidly decreases when the first step is switched to the second step (time t100).
After the entrance of the air from the introduction port 331d and the transition to the second step, the siphon action is continuously generated without stopping. Along with the gradual reduction of the water level in the tank 20d, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d gradually decreases even after the time t100.
The air entered inside of the throat pipe 320d from the introduction port 331d rises toward the curved portion 323d and is accumulated inside of the curved portion 323d (near the top). At time t140 after a short time from the time t100, the water (water mass) that has been filling up the inside of the throat pipe 320d is divided by the air in the curved portion 323d. As a result, the siphon action stops in the middle of the second step (time t140). In this way, the air introduction pipe 330d according to the present embodiment functions to suppress the jet pump action in the second step and functions to stop the siphon action at the time t140. The air introduction pipe 330d has these two functions, and as a result, the structure inside of the tank 20d is simplified.
FIG. 18C schematically shows a channel state of the jet pump unit 300d in this case. The water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310d, and only the water flow caused by the jet pump action is generated inside of the throat pipe 320d. The stop of the siphon action in addition to the mixing of the air from the air introduction pipe 330d further reduce the flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe 320d. As shown in FIG. 19, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d rapidly decreases again at the time t140 with the stop of the siphon action.
Subsequently, the water is supplied to the rim portion 120d until the water level in the tank 20d is further reduced to the second water level. When the water level in the tank 20d is reduced to the second water level, the second step ends, and the storage of the water in the tank 20d is started by the operation of a channel switching member 350d. 
As is clear from the above description and FIG. 19, the jet pump action is suppressed at the point (time t100) of the switch from the first step to the second step in the present embodiment, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d rapidly decreases. In the present embodiment, the siphon action stops in the middle (time t140) of the period of the second step, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d rapidly decreases again.
In the first step, both of the jet pup action and the siphon action are generated, and a large amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120d. This ensures high washing performance. The siphon action that has been generated stops at the time t140 which is after the transition to the second step. Therefore, the flow rate of the water (large amount) supplied to the rim portion 120d is significantly reduced in the second step, and the overflow of water from the rim portion 120d is surely prevented.
The throat pipe 320d has an inverted U-shape. Therefore, even if the air is mixed in a falling portion 324d, the air may rise toward the curved portion 323d and may be accumulated at the top of the curved portion 323d. 
However, a strong downward water flow is generated in the falling portion 324d when the siphon action is generated in the throat pipe 320d. Therefore, when the air is mixed in the falling portion 324d, the air may be washed out downward by the water flow (with force stronger than buoyance) and may not be accumulated at the top of the curved portion 323d. As a result, the siphon action may not be stopped even if the air is mixed.
Therefore, the air introduced from the introduction port 331d is mixed with the water flow on the upstream side of the falling portion 324d in the present embodiment. The introduced air is accumulated at the top of the curved portion 323d without being washed out downward, and the air can surely stop the siphon action.
The transition to the second step due to the introduction of air from the introduction port 331d and the stop of the siphon action may be performed at the same time. For example, when the air introduction pipe 330d is arranged on the lower surface of the curved portion 323d as shown in FIG. 20, the air introduced from the introduction port 331d is immediately accumulated at the top of the curved portion 323d, and the siphon action is stopped. Therefore, the siphon action stops substantially at the same time as the transition to the second step.
On the other hand, the timing of the transition to the second step after the introduction of the air from the introduction port 331d (time t100) and the timing of stopping the siphon action (time t140) are different in the present embodiment. The timing of stopping the siphon action is delayed by the time of the movement of the air mixed with the water flow in the rising portion 322d to the curved portion 323d. 
According to the configuration, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d in the second step decreases in stages with time as shown in FIG. 19. In other words, the part in the second step in a graph GT5 (see FIG. 19) indicating the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120d approaches the line OL in a step-like pattern. In this way, the largest possible amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120d while preventing the overflow of the water from the rim portion 120d. 
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTe according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The flush toilet apparatus FTe is different from the flush toilet apparatus FT in that the air introduction pipe 330 is not connected to a throat pipe 320e and that a movable member 380e is attached to the throat pipe 320e. Other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
FIGS. 21A and 21B are diagrams for explaining a structure and operation of a jet pump unit 300e, schematically showing a switch in the channel state of the jet pump unit 300e. As shown in FIG. 21A, the movable member 380e is attached to a rising portion 322e of the throat pipe 320e. The moveable member 380e includes a supporting portion 381e, a float 382e, and a suppression plate 383e. 
The supporting portion 381e is a plate attached to the rising portion 322e, and the supporting portion 381e can be freely turned. The upper end of the supporting portion 381e is attached to the upper surface of the rising portion 322e, and the supporting portion 381e can be turned about the upper end.
The float 382e receives the buoyance from the water stored in the tank 20e and operates the movable member 380e by the buoyance. The float 382e is fixed to the supporting portion 381e and turns along with the supporting portion 381e. The lower end of the float 382e is positioned higher than a suction port 321e even when the float 382e is moved to the lowest position in the movable range.
The suppression plate 383e is a plate extending from the lower end of the supporting portion 381e toward the throat pipe 320e. The supporting portion 381e turns along with the supporting portion 381e by the buoyance received by the float 382e. 
FIG. 21A schematically shows a channel state of the jet pump unit 300e just after the supply of water to a rim portion 120e is started. In this case, since the water level in the tank 20e is high, the movable member 380e is turned by the buoyance received by the float 382e, and the suppression plate 383e is out of the suction port 321e (not covering the suction port 321e). The water stored in the tank 20e enters inside of the throat pipe 320e without being inhibited by the suppression plate 383e, and a large amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120e by the jet pump action.
The water level in the tank 20e gradually decreases, and the position of the float 382e also gradually lowers accordingly. FIG. 21B shows a state in which the float 382e has moved to the lowest end of the movable range, and the suppression plate 383e covers the suction port 321e. In this case, the suppression plate 383e is parallel to the edge of the suction port 321e and is arranged slightly below the suction port 321e. The water level in the tank 20e is still higher than the suction port 321e at this point and the water is continuously supplied to the rim portion 120e. 
FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the suppression plate 383e in FIG. 21B viewed from below. As shown in FIG. 22, the suppression plate 383e is a rectangular plate covering substantially the entire suction port 321e. The suppression plate 383e is provided with a notch 384e from one side of the suppression plate 383e (side opposite the side connected with the supporting portion 381e) to the center.
A circle indicated by a dotted line DL9 in FIG. 22 virtually illustrates a cross section of the water flow injected from the nozzle 310e. In other words, the circle is obtained by projecting the shape of an injection port 311e on a plane including the surface of the suppression plate 383e, in the injection direction of the water. The circle is included inside of the notch 384e. 
In the state that the suppression plate 383e in this shape covers the suction port 321e, the water injected from the nozzle 310e passes inside of the notch 384e. Therefore, the water flows inside of the rising portion 322e without being inhibited by the suppression plate 383e. On the other hand, the flow of the water drawn in by the jet pump action (water stored in the tank 20e) is partially inhibited by the suppression plate 383e. As a result, the jet pump action is suppressed, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120e decreases.
In this way, the movable member 380e is operated when the water level in the tank 20e decreases in the present embodiment. As a result, the channel state of the jet pump unit 300e is switched to the state in which the jet pump action is suppressed (second step). The position of the suppression plate 383e is not limited to near the suction port 321e, and the transition to the state in which the jet pump action is suppressed (second step) is also possible even if the suppression plate 383e is inside of the throat pipe 320e. 
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTg according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although a structure of a rising portion 322g of the flush toilet apparatus FTg is different from that of the flush toilet apparatus FT, other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
FIGS. 23A and 23B are diagrams for explaining a structure and operation of a jet pump unit 300g, schematically showing a switch in the channel state of the jet pump unit 300g. As shown in FIG. 23A, the rising portion 322g of a throat pipe 320g is divided into a first rising portion 401g and a second rising portion 402g that are connected to each other through a hinge 403g. 
The first rising portion 401g is a part on the upper side (downstream) of the rising portion 322g, and the upper end of the first rising portion 401g is connected to a curved portion 323g. The second rising portion 402g is a part on the lower side (upstream) of the rising portion 322g and is connected to the lower end of the first rising portion 401g through the hinge 403g. The hinge 403g is arranged on the lower side of the rising portion 322g to support the second rising portion 402g, allowing the second rising portion 402g to freely turn. According to the configuration, the position of a suction port 321g as a lower end of the second rising portion 402g can be changed.
A connection pipe 404g is arranged between the first rising portion 401g and the second rising portion 402g. The connection pipe 404g is a pipe formed by a flexible resin, and the connection pipe 404g prevents water from flowing out from between the first rising portion 401g and the second rising portion 402g. The connection pipe 404g can be easily deformed, and the operation of the second rising portion 402g is not inhibited.
A float 405g is fixed to the upper side of the second rising portion 402g. The float 405g receives the buoyance from the water stored in a tank 20g and operates the second rising portion 402g by the buoyance. The float 405g is arranged at a position where the entire float 405g is submerged when the water level in the tank 20g is the full water level. The float 405g is arranged at a position higher than the suction port 321g. 
FIG. 23A schematically shows a channel state of the jet pump unit 300g just after the start of the supply of water to a rim portion 120g. In this case, the water level in the tank 20g is high, and the second rising portion 402g is turned by the buoyance received by the float 405g. The central axis of the first rising portion 401g coincides with the central axis of the second rising portion 402g. The jet pump action causes the water stored in the tank 20g to enter inside of the throat pipe 320g from the suction port 321g, and the water is supplied to the rim portion 120g. 
The water level in the tank 20g gradually decreases, and the position of the float 405g also gradually lowers accordingly. In other words, the second rising portion 402g turns to move the suction port 321g downward and toward a falling portion 324g. 
FIG. 23B shows a state when the float 405g moves to the lowest end of the movable range. In this case, since the suction port 321g has moved toward the falling portion 324g, only part of the water injected from a nozzle 310g enters inside of the throat pipe 320g from the suction port 321g, and the rest of the water is supplied inside of the tank 20g. The water level in the tank 20g is still higher than the suction port 321g at this point, and the water is continuously supplied to the rim portion 120g. 
Since the flow rate of the water injected inside of the throat pipe 320g from the nozzle 310g decreases, the flow rate of the water (water stored in the tank 20g) drawn into the throat pipe 320g by the jet pump action also decreases. As a result, the jet pump action is suppressed, and the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120g also decreases.
In this way, the second rising portion 402g is operated in the present embodiment when the water level in the tank 20g decreases, and the channel state of the jet pump unit 300g is switched to the state of suppressing the jet pump action (second step).
Subsequently, a flush toilet apparatus FTh according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although a structure of a falling portion 324h of the flush toilet apparatus FTh is different from that of the flush toilet apparatus FT, other configurations are the same as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT. Therefore, the same configurations as those of the flush toilet apparatus FT will not be described.
FIGS. 24A and 24B are diagrams for explaining a change in the flow rate of water supplied to a rim portion 120h, schematically showing a switch in the channel state of a jet pump unit 300h. As shown in FIG. 24A, a movable member 393h as channel state switching portion is attached to the falling portion 324h of a throat pipe 320h. The movable member 393h includes an open/close plate 391h and a float 392h. The open/close plate 391h is a plate attached to the falling portion 324h, and the open/close plate 391h can be freely rotated. The lower end of the open/close plate 391h is attached to the outer surface of the falling portion 324h, and the open/close plate 391h can rotate about the lower end.
The float 392h receives the buoyance of the water stored in a tank 20h and operates the movable member 393h by the buoyance. The float 392h is fixed near the upper end portion of the open/close plate 391h, and the float 392h rotates along with the open/close plate 391h. 
An open portion 325h is formed at a position facing the open/close plate 391h in the falling portion 324h of the throat pipe 320h. The open portion 325h is formed at a position where the entire open portion 325h is submerged when the water level in the tank 20h is the full water level. The height of the lower end of the open portion 325h is higher than a suction port 321h. 
When the user of the flush toilet apparatus FTh operates a manual lever 236h (step S01 of FIG. 6), water is injected from a nozzle 310h, and the water is supplied to the rim portion 120h by the jet pump action as already described (step S02 of FIG. 6).
As shown in FIG. 24A, the water level in the tank 20h is high at this point, and the open/close plate 391h of the movable member 393h is parallel to the outer surface of the falling portion 324h due to the buoyance received by the float 392h. As a result, the open/close plate 391h covers the open portion 325h, and the water cannot pass through the open portion 325h. Therefore, the jet pump action causes the water stored in the tank 20h to enter inside of the throat pipe 320h from the suction port 321h, and the entire water is supplied to the rim portion 120h. 
As described, a large amount of water is supplied to the rim portion 120h in the period from the start of the injection of water from the nozzle 310h to the time that the water level in the tank is at the position of the lower end of the float 392h after the decrease in the water level (water level at this point will also be called “first water level”). The step of supplying a large amount of water from the jet pump unit 300h in the period will also be called “first step” (step S03 of FIG. 6).
When the water level in the tank 20h gradually decreases and reaches the first water level, the position of the float 392h also gradually lowers accordingly. In other words, the movable member 393h rotates in a direction that the upper end portion of the open/close plate 391h moves away from the falling portion 324h, and the first step ends (step S04 of FIG. 6).
FIG. 24B shows a state that the open portion 325h is opened (not covered by the open/close plate 391h) after the decrease in the water level in the tank 20h and the movement of the float 392h downward. The water level in the tank 20h is still higher than the suction port 321h at this point, and the water is continuously supplied to the rim portion 120h. 
In this case, although the water stored in the tank 20h continuously enters inside of the throat pipe 320h from the suction port 321h due to the jet pump action, part of the water flows out from the throat pipe 320h through the open portion 325h. As a result, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120h decreases. More specifically, the flow rate of the water supplied to the rim portion 120h is lower than the flow rate in the first step. In this way, the step of supplying water at the decreased flow rate to the rim portion 120h as wash water after the end of the first step will also be called “second step” (step S05 of FIG. 6). The second step continues until a channel switching member 350h is in the state shown in FIG. 4B after further decrease in the water level in the tank 20h (steps S06 and S07 of FIG. 6).
The water level in the tank 20h when the channel switching member 350h rotates and enters the state shown in FIG. 4B after the reduction in the buoyance applied to the float 351h of the channel switching member 350h will also be called “second water level”. More specifically, the second water level is the water level in the tank 20h when the supply of wash water to the rim portion 120h is stopped.
When the second step is finished, water is continuously injected from the nozzle 310h as already described, and the water is stored in the tank 20h (step S08 of FIG. 6). When the water level in the tank 20h rises and reaches the full water level, the injection of water from the nozzle 310h is stopped, and the storage of water in the tank 20h is stopped (steps S09 and S10 of FIG. 6).
Water (refill water) for forming the sealing water WT may be added and supplied from the jet pump unit 300h to the rim portion 120h after the bowl portion 110h is washed. It is desirable that the supply of the refill water is started at a timing of one of the point that the second step is finished (just after step S07 of FIG. 6) and the point that the storage of water in the tank 20h is stopped (just after step S10 of FIG. 6). When the supply of the refill water is started at the point that the second step is finished, the storage of water in the tank 20h and the addition of refill water to the rim portion 120h are performed at the same time.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific examples. More specifically, appropriate design changes of the specific examples by those skilled in the art are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the features of the present invention are included. For example, the elements as well as the arrangements, the materials, the conditions, the shapes, the sizes, etc., of the elements included in the specific examples are not limited to the illustrated ones, and appropriate changes can be made. The elements included in the embodiments can be combined if technically possible, and these combinations are also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the features of the present invention are included.

## Claims

1. A flush toilet apparatus that washes a toilet body by wash water, the flush toilet apparatus comprising:
a toilet body comprising: a bowl portion that receives waste; and a water ejection portion that ejects water for discharging the waste to supply the water to the bowl portion;
a tank storing water inside; and
a jet pump unit arranged in a state that at least part of the jet pump unit is submerged inside of the tank, wherein
the jet pump unit comprises:
a throat pipe that is a pipe provided with a suction port near one end and that is arranged so that water entering inside from the suction port is supplied to the water ejection portion, and the water is ejected from the water ejection portion as wash water; and
a nozzle that injects high-speed water from the suction port toward the inside of the throat pipe,
the jet pump unit is configured to induce a jet pump action for making a flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe higher than a flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle and to supply the water at the increased flow rate to the water ejection portion,
the flush toilet apparatus further comprises a channel state switching portion for switching a channel state of the jet pump unit to sequentially execute a first step, in which the jet pump unit supplies water at a first flow rate to the water ejection portion, an intermediate step, which is a step following the first step and in which the jet pump unit reduces the flow rate of the water from the first flow rate to a second flow rate lower than the first flow rate to the water ejection portion, and a second step, which is a step following the first step and in which the jet pump unit supplies water at a second flow rate lower than the first flow rate, and higher than the rate at which the nozzle injects the water, to the water ejection portion longer than the intermediate step, and
the channel state switching portion is configured to switch the first step to the second step when the water level in the tank decreases to a first water level, which is a water level on an upper side of the nozzle.

2. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the higher the flow rate of the water supplied to the water ejection portion in the first step, the earlier the timing of transition from the first step to the second step.

3. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the first step is switched to the second step when the water level in the tank decreases to a predetermined water level set at a position lower than a full water level and higher than the suction port.

4. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on a downstream side of the nozzle in the jet pump unit.

5. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 4, wherein
the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on the downstream side of the suction port in the jet pump unit.

6. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
the throat pipe comprises: a rising portion extending upward from the suction port; a curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion; and a falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion, wherein the entire throat pipe is formed in an inverted U-shape, and
the channel state switching portion switches the channel state on an upstream side of the falling portion in the jet pump unit.

7. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the channel state switching portion comprises an air introduction portion that introduces air to a water flow generated by the jet pump action, and
the channel state switching portion switches the channel state of the jet pump unit so that an air introduction flow rate from the air introduction portion in the second step is greater than an air introduction flow rate from the air introduction portion in the first step.

8. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 7, wherein
the introduction port is formed at a position submerged in the tank in a period that the first step is executed and not submerged in the tank in a period that the second step is executed.

9. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 8, wherein
the throat pipe comprises: a rising portion extending upward from the suction port; a curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion; and a falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion, wherein the entire throat pipe is formed in an inverted U-shape, and
the air introduced from the introduction port is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action at a position on the upstream side of the falling portion.

10. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 9, wherein
the air introduced from the introduction port is mixed with the water flow generated by the jet pump action at a position on the downstream side of the suction port.

11. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the throat pipe comprises: a rising portion extending upward from the suction port; a curved portion arranged on the downstream side of the rising portion; and a falling portion arranged on the downstream side of the curved portion and extending downward from the curved portion, wherein the entire throat pipe is formed in an inverted U-shape, and a siphon action is generated in addition to the jet pump action,
water is supplied to the water ejection portion based on the jet pump action and the siphon action in the first step, and
the siphon action is stopped after the transition to the second step.

12. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 11, wherein
the timing of transition from the first step to the second step and the timing of stopping the siphon action are different.

13. The flush toilet apparatus according to claim 12, wherein
the channel state switching portion
comprises an air introduction portion provided with an introduction port for introducing air, switches the channel state of the jet pump unit by mixing the air with the water flow generated by the jet pump action, and
stops the siphon action by the air mixed with the water flow from the air introduction portion.

14. A flush toilet apparatus that washes a toilet body by wash water, the flush toilet apparatus comprising:
a toilet body comprising: a bowl portion that receives waste; and a water ejection portion that ejects water for discharging the waste to supply the water to the bowl portion;
a tank storing water inside; and
a jet pump unit arranged in a state that at least part of the jet pump unit is submerged inside of the tank, wherein
the jet pump unit comprises:
a throat pipe that is a pipe provided with a suction port near one end and that is arranged so that water entering inside from the suction port is supplied to the water ejection portion, and the water is ejected from the water ejection portion as wash water; and
a nozzle that injects high-speed water from the suction port toward the inside of the throat pipe,
the jet pump unit is configured to induce a jet pump action for making a flow rate of the water flowing inside of the throat pipe higher than a flow rate of the water injected from the nozzle and to supply the water at the increased flow rate to the water ejection portion,
the flush toilet apparatus further comprises a channel state switching portion for switching a channel state of the jet pump unit to sequentially execute a first step, in which the jet pump unit supplies water at a first flow rate to the water ejection portion, an intermediate step, which is a step following the first step and in which the jet pump unit reduces the flow rate of the water from the first flow rate to a second flow rate lower than the first flow rate, and higher than the rate at which the nozzle injects the water, to the water ejection portion, and a second step, which is a step following the intermediate step and in which the jet pump unit supplies water at the second flow rate to the water ejection portion wherein the second flow rate is substantially constant over the second step, and
the channel state switching portion is configured to switch the first step to the second step when the water level in the tank decreases to a first water level, which is a water level on an upper side of the nozzle.