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## Tennessee 2010 Sulfur Dioxide 1

- Hour Standard

Nonattainment Area Designations

Five

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### Executive Summary

On June 22, 2010 , the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency p ublish ed the new primary sulfur dioxide

standard of 7 5 p arts per billion ( pp b)

. It was signed by Administrator Jackson on June 2, 2010. Pursuant

to the Clean Air Act, the states have one year from issuance of the new standard to recommend areas of

the state as nonattainment or attainment with the new standard. This technical summary document

present s the State of Tennessee’s recommendations. As detailed in Table 1, the TAPCD recommends one

county (Sullivan) be designated nonattainment and two counties (Bradley and McMinn) partially

designated nonattainment wit h the new SO2 standard

. Tennessee recommends that the remaining 92

counties and remaining portions of Bradley and McMinn counties each be designated as unclassifiable , as

listed in Appendix 3

. The unclassifiable designation is requested rather than attainm ent because of the

lack of modeling data and will likely change as additional information becomes available

. These

recommendations are based on the fiv e

- f actor analysis outlined in the EPA guidance dated March 24,

2011 . The TAPCD evaluated the counties sh own below (Figure A ) in each metropolitan statistical area

(MSA) or micropolitan statistical area . The following is a summary of each MSA /MiSA in which at least

one non

- attaining monitor is located

.

Figure A

– Tennessee Proposed DesignationsTennessee 8

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### Tabl e 1

- Tennessee 1

- Hour Sulfur Dioxide County Designations

(1) McMinn County is recommended to be partially designated nonattainment for that portion of the county contained in a circle

centered on Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate 703.927 kilometers E, 3908.144 kilometers N, with a radius of 2.0

kilometers. This area encompasses a pulp and paper mill that is the primary source of sulfur dioxide emissions in the two cou nty

area.

(2) Bradley County is a Micropolitan Statistical Area (MiSA ). It is recommended to be partially designated nonattainment for that

portion of the county contained in a circle centered on Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate 703.927 kilometers E,

3908.144 kilometers N, with a radius of 2.0 kilometers. This area encompasses a pulp and paper m ill that is the primary source of

sulfur dioxide emissions in the two county area.



### (1 ) Kingsport

- Bristol (TN)

- Bristol (VA), MSA

The TAPCD is recommending that one county in this Metropolitan Statistical Area be classified as

nonattainment for the 2010 primary sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) standard

. The single non attainment county is

Sullivan

, and it was formerly classified as attainment. The air monitoring data in this county ( Sullivan )

showed a design value for 200 8

- 2010 data that exceeded the new standard. T he TAPCD recommends

that Hawkins County be designated unclassifiable. 2010 Standard Recommendation

200 9 MSA County Unclassifiable Nonattainment

Kingsport

- Bristol

Bristol TN

- VA MSA Hawkins Yes

Sullivan Yes

Athens MiSA McMinn (1) Partial

Cleveland MSA Bradley (2) Partial

Polk YesTennessee 8

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– Sullivan County



### COUNTY SUMMARY

The following is a county summary of the factors that were considered in the inclusion/exclusion

evaluation for the Kingsport

- Bristol ar ea. These factors include air quality data, emissions

- related data

, meteorology, geography/topography. and jurisdictional boundaries , as well as other available data . All

factors in the applicable EPA guidance were considered.



### Sulliva n County

• Recommen dation: nonattainment

• Air Quality Data: There are two sulfur dioxide monitors in Sullivan County. One of these monitors

did not have a complete data set for 2008

- 2010. The remaining sulfur dioxide monitor in Sullivan

County showed a design value for 20 08

- 2010 data that is greater than the new standard of 75 ppb

.

• Emissions: 21,980.51 tons per year of SO 2 emissions allowable from point sources, this includes

facility and airport emissions. 38.98 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from mobile sources, on

- road and

non

- road. 4

, 139.19 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from area sources.

• Meteorology: The winds are climatologically from the west, west

- southwest, and southwest.

• Geography/topography: Most of the c ounty is located in the Ridge and Valley Geographic Regio n,

which covers 7

, 703 square miles and is situated between the Cumberland Plateau and the Unaka

Mountains. This county is a rural area with urban centers. T he t opography of this region consists ofTennessee 8

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- Factor Analysis Page 5 of 17 long linear ridges with elevations of 1100 to 1500 feet, an d parallel lowland valleys, where the

elevations vary from 700 to 1000 feet

. The ridges and valleys are typically oriented from northeast to

southwest. Generally, the ridges and valleys have a higher elevation in the northern part of the region

and slightl y less elevated in the south.

• Jurisdictional bou ndaries: Entire county

.

• Population: 154,552 people and 374.2 people per square mile.

Summary: The TAPCD recommends that Sullivan County be designated as nonattainment for sulfur

dioxide

. The c ounty contribut ion to the Kingsport

- Bristol (TN)

- Bristol (VA), TN

- VA MSA remains to be

determined for the entire MSA , which includes portions of Virginia

. For the Tennessee p o rt ion of this

MSA, the county contribution for sulfur dioxide is 46.8 %, of which the majority ( 3 9.3 %) is from point

sources. About 72 .8% of the population in the t wo county TN part of the MSA reside in Sullivan County

. The population density is 374.2 per square mile. The county is a rural area with urban centers

.



### Hawkins County

• Recommendation: U nclassifiable

• Air Quality Data: There are no sulfur dioxide monitors in Hawkins County.

• Emissions: 29,664.13 tons per year of SO 2 emissions allowable from point sources, includ ing facility

and airport emissions. 11.48 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from mobile sources, on

- road and non

road. 82.35 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from area sources.

• Meteorology: The winds are climatologically from the west, west

- southwest, and southwest.

• Geography/topography: The c ounty is located in the Ridge and Valley Ge ographic Region, which

covers 7

, 703 square miles and is situated between the Cumberland Plateau and Unaka Mountains.

T he t opography of this region consists of long linear ridges with elevations of 1

, 100 to 1

, 500 feet, and

parallel lowland valleys, where th e elevations vary from 700 to 1

, 000 feet

. The ridges and valleys are

typically oriented from northeast to southwest. Generally, t he ridges and valleys have a higher

elevation in the northern part of the region and slightly less elevated in the south.

• Juris dictional boundaries: Entire county

• Population: 57,784 people and 118.7 people per square mile.

Summary: The TAPCD recommends that Hawkins County be designated as unclassifiable for sulfur

dioxide

. The county contribution to the Kingsport

- Bristol (TN)

- Br istol (VA), TN

- VA MSA remains to be

determined for the entire MSA

, which includes portions of Virginia

. For the Hawkins County TN part of

this MSA, the county contribution for sulfur dioxide is 53.2 %, of which the majority ( 99.7 %) is from

point sources. A bout 27.2 % of the population in the two

- county TN part of the MSA reside in Hawkins

County . The population density is 118.7 per square mile. The county is almost entirely rural and agrarian.



### (2) Cleveland TN MSA and Athens TN MiSA

Bradley County is in cluded in the Cleveland, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area that includes Polk County,

and McMinn County is the only county in the Athens, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area. There is no sulfur

dioxide monitor in Polk County. Tennessee recommends that Bradley and McMinn counties be designated

partially nonattainment for the portions of the counties limited to a circle centered on Universal TransverseTennessee 8

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- Factor Analysis Page 6 of 17 Mercator (UTM) coordinate 703.927 kilometers E, 3908.144 kilometers N, with a radius of 2.0 kilometers

, and that Polk County and the remainder of Bradley and McMinn counties be designated unclassifiable . This

area encompasses a pulp and paper mill that is the primary source of sulf ur dioxide emissions in the two

county area. Note: Bowater is now AbitibiBowater.

Figure 2

– Bradley and McMinn C o unties



### COUNTY BY COUNTY SUMMARY

The following is a county summary of the factors that were considered in the inclusion/exclusion

evaluation for the Bradley , Polk, and McMinn Counties area. These factors include air quali ty data,

emissions

- related data , meteorology, geography/topography. and jurisdictional boundaries , as well as

other available data . All factors in the applicable EPA guidance were considered.



### Bradley County

• Recommendation: partial nonattainment , rema inder unclassifiable

• Air Quality Data: This county has one sulfur dioxide monitor. This monitor showed a design value

for 2008

- 2010 data that is greater than the new standard of 75 ppb.Tennessee 8

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- Factor Analysis Page 7 of 17 • Emissions: 489 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from point sources, i nclud ing facility and airport

emissions. 26.962 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from mobile sources, on

- road and non

- road.

2

, 563.82 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from area sources with the majority of the emissions coming

from Source Classification Code 21 02002000, Industrial

- Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal.

• Meteorology: The winds are climatologically from the South, North, and Southwest

.

• Geography/topography: The c ounty is located in the Ridge and Valley Geographic Region, which

covers 7

, 703 square miles and is situated between the Cumberland Plateau and Unaka Mountains.

T he t opography of this region consists of long linear ridges with elevations of 1

, 100 to 1

, 500 feet, and

parallel lowland valleys, where the elevations vary from 700 to 1

, 000 feet . The rid ges and valleys are

typically oriented from northeast to southwest. Generally, the ridges and valleys have a higher

elevation in the northern part of the region and slightly less elevated in the south.

• Jurisdictional boundaries: The port ions of the count y contained in a circle centered on Universal

Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate 703.927 kilometers E, 3908.144 kilometers N, with a radius

of 2.0 kilometers.

• 97,710 people and 297.0 people per square mile.

Summary: The TAPCD recommends that Bradley Count y be designated as partially nonattainment for

sulfur dioxide , with the remaining part of the county unclassifiable

. For the Bradley County TN part of

th e Cleveland TN MSA, the county contribution for sulfur dioxide is 96.8 %, of which the majority

( 80.6 %) is from area sources. About 86.2 % of the population in the Cleveland MSA reside in Bradley

County

. For the three

- county area (Bradley, Polk, and McMinn), the county contribution for sulfur

dioxide is 41.5 %, of which the majority ( 34.5% ) is from area source s. About 58.8 % of the population in

the three

- county area reside in Bradley County

. The population density is 297.0 per square mile. The

county is a mostly rural area

.



### Polk County

• Recommendation: unclassifiable

• Air Quality Data: This county does not h ave a sulfur dioxide monitor.

• Emissions: 0.06 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from point sources, this includes facility and airport

emissions. 4.33 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from mobile sources, on

- road and non

- road. 96.20

tons per year of SO 2 emiss ions from area sources.

• Meteorology: The winds are climatologically from the South, North, and Southwest

.

• Geography/topography: Most of the c ounty is located in the Unaka Mountains Region, which covers

2523 square miles and is the eastern most physiograph ic province in Tennessee. The Unaka

Mountains are known for having the highest and most rugged terrain in Tennessee. The highest point

in both the r egion and Tennessee is Clingman’s Dome (6

, 643 feet) in Sevier County. I n addition to

Clin gman’s Dome, there are 13 mountain peaks with elevations above 6

, 000 feet and 33 peaks with

elevation s above 5

, 000 feet. T he t opography includes lofty mountain ridges and peaks, narrow

lowland valleys, and isolated coves, which are heavily forested and deeply carved by preci pitous

stream valleys.

• Jurisdictional boundaries: Entire county

• Population: 15,648 people and 36.0 people per square mile.

Summary: The TAPCD recommends that Polk County be designated as unclassifiable for sulfur dioxide

. For the Polk County TN part of th e Cleveland TN MSA, the county contribution for sulfur dioxide isTennessee 8

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- Factor Analysis Page 8 of 17 3.2 %, of which the majority ( 3.0 %) is from area sources. About 13.8 % of the population in the Cleveland

MSA reside in Polk County

. For the three

- county area (Bradley, Polk, and McMinn), t he county

contribution for sulfur dioxide is 1.4 %, of which the majority ( 1.3% ) is from area sources. About 9.4 % of

the population in the three

- county area reside in Polk County . The population density is 36.0 per square

mile. The county is a mostly rural area and mostly sparsely populated mountainous region.



### McMinn County

• Recommendation: partial nonattainment with the remainder unclassifiable

• Air Quality Data: This county has one sulfur dioxide monitor. This monitor showed a design value

for 2008

- 2010 data that is greater than the new standard of 75 ppb.

• Emissions: 2519.47 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from point sources, this includes facility and

airport emissions. 21.89 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from mobile sources, on

- road and non

- road.

170 6.16 tons per year of SO 2 emissions from area sources.

• Meteorology: The winds are climatologically from the South, North, and Southwest

.

• Geography/topography: Most of t he c ounty is located in the Ridge and Valley Geographic Region,

which covers 7

, 703 squa re miles and is situated between the Cumberland Plateau and Unaka

Mountains. The county is primarily rural. T he t opography of this region consists of long linear ridges

with elevations of 1

, 100 to 1

, 500 feet, and parallel lowland valleys, where the elevati ons vary from

700 to 1

, 000 feet

. The ridges and valleys are typically oriented from northeast to southwest.

Generally, the ridges and valleys have a higher elevation in the northern part of the region and

slightly less elevated in the south.

• Jurisdic tional boundaries: T he portions of the count y contained in a circle centered on Universal

Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate 703.927 kilo meters E, 3908.144 kilo meters N, with a radius

of 2.0 kilometers.

• Population: 52,739 people and 122.6 people per square mil e.

Summary: The TAPCD recommends that McMinn County be partially designated nonattainment for

sulfur dioxide , with the remainder unclassifiable

. For the McMinn County TN part of th e affected three

county area (Bradley, Polk, and McMinn), the county contri bution for sulfur dioxide is 57.2 %, of which

the majority ( 33.9% ) is from point sources. About 31.8 % of the population in the three

- county area reside

in McMinn County . The population density is 122.6 people per square mile. The county is a mostly rural

ar ea.



### (3 ) Additional Monitoring Information

The following counties each have at least one sulfur dioxide monitor, and all monitors in these counties

show attainment with the 1

- hour sulfur dioxide standard:

1. Davidson (1 monitor)

2. Montgomery (2 monitors)

3. Se vier (1 monitor)

4. Shelby (1 monitor)Tennessee 8

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### Appendix 1: Additional Information for Sullivan CountyTennessee 8

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### Tri

- Cities 30

- Year Wind RoseTennessee 8

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### Appendix 2: Additional Information for Bradley and McMinn CountiesTennessee 8

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### 2 Kilometer Radius Proposed Non

- attainment AreaTennessee 8

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### Chattanooga 30

- Year Wind RoseTennessee 8

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### Appendix 3: Statewide County

- by

- County Designation Recommendations ListTennessee 8

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### County 2010 Standard

Recommendation MSA/MiSA

Unclassifiable Nonattainment

ANDERSON Yes Knoxville MSA

BED FORD Yes Shelbyville MiSA

BENTON Yes N/A

BLEDSOE Yes N/A

BLOUNT Yes Knoxville MSA

BRADLEY Partial Cleveland MSA

CAMPBELL Yes La Follette MiSA

CANNON Yes Nashville MSA

CARROLL Yes N/A

CARTER Yes Johnson City MSA

CHEATHAM Yes Nashville MSA

CHESTER Yes Jackson MSA

CLAIBORNE Yes N/A

CLAY Yes N/A

COCKE Yes Newport MiSA

COFFEE Yes Tullahoma MiSA

CROCKETT Yes N/A

CUMBERLAND Yes Crossville MiSA

DAVIDSON Yes Nashville MSA

DECATUR Yes N/A

DEKALB Yes N/A

DICKSON Yes Nashville M SA

DYER Yes Dyersburg MiSA

FAYETTE Yes Memphis TN

- MS

- AR MSA

FENTRESS Yes N/A

FRANKLIN Yes Tullahoma MiSA

GIBSON Yes Humboldt MiSA

GILES Yes N/A

GRAINGER Yes Morristown MSA

GREENE Yes Greeneville MiSA

GRUNDY Yes N/A

HAMBLEN Yes Morristow n MSA

HAMILTON Yes Chattanooga TN

- GA MSA

HANCOCK Yes N/A

HARDEMAN Yes N/A

HARDIN Yes N/A

HAWKINS Yes Kingsport

- Bristol

- Bristol TN

VA MSA

HAYWOOD Yes Brownsville MiSATennessee 8

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### HENDERSON Yes N/A

HENRY Yes Paris MiSA

HICKMAN Yes Nashville MSA

HOUSTO N Yes N/A

HUMPHREYS Yes N/A

JACKSON Yes Cookeville MSA

JEFFERSON Yes Morristown MSA

JOHNSON Yes N/A

KNOX Yes Knoxville MSA

LAKE Yes N/A

LAUDERDALE Yes N/A

LAWRENCE Yes Lawrenceburg MiSA

LEWIS Yes N/A

LINCOLN Yes N/A

LOUDON Yes Knoxvi lle MSA

MCMINN Partial Athens MiSA

MCNAIRY Yes N/A

MACON Yes Nashville MSA

MADISON Yes Jackson MSA

MARION Yes Chattanooga TN

- GA MSA

MARSHALL Yes Lewisburg MiSA

MAURY Yes Columbia MiSA

MEIGS Yes N/A

MONROE Yes N/A

MONTGOMERY Yes Clarksvi lle TN

- KY MSA

MOORE Yes Tullahoma MiSA

MORGAN Yes N/A

OBION Yes Union City MiSA

OVERTON Yes Cookeville MSA

PERRY Yes N/A

PICKETT Yes N/A

POLK Yes Cleveland MSA

PUTNAM Yes Cookeville MSA

RHEA Yes N/A

ROANE Yes Harriman MiSA

ROBERTSON Ye s Nashville MSA

RUTHERFORD Yes Nashville MSA

SCOTT Yes N/A

SEQUATCHIE Yes Chattanooga TN

- GA MSA

SEVIER Yes Sevierville MiSA

SHELBY Yes Memphis TN

- MS

- AR MSA

SMITH Yes Nashville MSA

STEWART Yes Clarksville TN

- KY MSATennessee 8

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### SULLIVAN Yes Kingsport

- Br istol

- Bristol TN

VA MSA

SUMNER Yes Nashville MSA

TIPTON Yes Memphis TN

- MS

- AR MSA

TROUSDALE Yes Nashville MSA

UNICOI Yes Johnson City MSA

UNION Yes Knoxville MSA

VAN BUREN Yes N/A

WARREN Yes McMinnville MiSA

WASHINGTON Yes Johnson City MSA

WAYNE Yes N/A

WEAKLEY Yes Martin MiSA

WHITE Yes N/A

WILLIAMSON Yes Nashville MSA

WILSON Yes Nashville MSA