§ 84.10 Definitions. As used in this part, the term: *2004 ADA Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG)* means the requirements set forth in appendices B and D to 36 CFR part 1191 (2009).
*2010 Standards* means the 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design, which consist of the 2004 ADAAG and the requirements contained in 28 CFR 35.151.
*ADA* means the Americans with Disabilities Act (Pub. L. 101-336, 104 Stat. 327, 42 U.S.C. 12101-12213 and 47 U.S.C. 225 and 611), including changes made by the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (Pub. L. 110-325), which became effective on January 1, 2009.
*Applicant* means one who submits an application, request, or plan required to be approved by the designated Department official or by a primary recipient, as a condition of eligibility for Federal financial assistance.
*Architectural Barriers Act* means the Architectural Barriers Act (42 U.S.C. 4151-4157), including the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Standards at 41 CFR 102-76.60 through 102-76.95.
*Archived web content* means web content that— ( 1 ) Was created before the date the recipient is required to comply with § 84.84, reproduces paper documents created before the date the recipient is required to comply with § 84.84, or reproduces the contents of other physical media created before the date the recipient is required to comply with § 84.84;
( 2 ) Is retained exclusively for reference, research, or recordkeeping;
( 3 ) Is not altered or updated after the date of archiving; and
( 4 ) Is organized and stored in a dedicated area or areas clearly identified as being archived.
*Auxiliary aids and services* include: ( 1 ) Qualified interpreters on-site or through video remote interpreting (VRI) services; notetakers; real-time computer-aided transcription services; written materials; exchange of written notes; telephone handset amplifiers; assistive listening devices; assistive listening systems; telephones compatible with hearing aids; closed caption decoders; open and closed captioning, including real-time captioning; voice, text, and video-based telecommunications products and systems, including text telephones (TTYs), videophones, and captioned telephones, or equally effective telecommunications devices; videotext displays; accessible electronic and information technology; or other effective methods of making aurally delivered information available to individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing;
( 2 ) Qualified readers; taped texts; audio recordings; Braille materials and displays; screen reader software; magnification software; optical readers; secondary auditory programs (SAP); large print materials; accessible electronic and information technology; or other effective methods of making visually delivered materials available to individuals who are blind or have low vision;
( 3 ) Acquisition or modification of equipment or devices; and
( 4 ) Other similar services and actions.
*Companion* means a family member, friend, or associate of an individual seeking access to a program or activity of a recipient, who, along with such individual, is an appropriate person with whom the recipient should communicate.
*Conventional electronic documents* means web content or content in mobile apps that is in the following electronic file formats: portable document formats (PDF), word processor file formats, presentation file formats, and spreadsheet file formats.
*Current illegal use of drugs* means illegal use of drugs that occurred recently enough to justify a reasonable belief that a person's drug use is current or that continuing use is a real and ongoing problem.
*Department* means the Department of Health and Human Services.
*Direct threat* means: ( 1 ) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this definition, a significant risk to the health or safety of others that cannot be eliminated by a modification of policies, practices, or procedures, or by the provision of auxiliary aids or services as provided in § 84.75.
( 2 ) With respect to employment as provided in § 84.12, the term as defined by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission's regulation implementing title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, at 29 CFR 1630.2(r).
*Director* means the Director of the Office for Civil Rights.
*Disability* means: ( 1 ) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this definition, the definition of *disability* found at § 84.4.
( 2 ) With respect to employment, the definition of *disability* found at 29 CFR 1630.2.
*Drug* means a controlled substance, as defined in schedules I through V of section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812).
*Existing facility* means a facility in existence on any given date, without regard to whether the facility may also be considered newly constructed or altered under this part.
*Facility* means all or any portion of buildings, structures, sites, complexes, equipment, rolling stock or other conveyances, roads, walks, passageways, parking lots, or other real or personal property, including the site where the building, property, structure, or equipment is located.
*Federal financial assistance* means any grant, cooperative agreement, loan, contract (other than a direct Federal procurement contract or a contract of insurance or guaranty), subgrant, contract under a grant or any other arrangement by which the Department provides or otherwise makes available assistance in the form of: ( 1 ) Funds;
( 2 ) Services of Federal personnel;
( 3 ) Real and personal property or any interest in or use of such property, including: ( i ) Transfers or leases of such property for less than fair market value or for reduced consideration; and
( ii ) Proceeds from a subsequent transfer or lease of such property if the Federal share of its fair market value is not returned to the Federal Government; and
( 4 ) Any other thing of value by way of grant, loan, contract, or cooperative agreement.
*Foster care* means 24-hour substitute care for children placed away from their parents or guardians and for whom the State agency has placement and care responsibility. This includes, but is not limited to, placements in foster family homes, foster homes of relatives, group homes, emergency shelters, residential facilities, childcare institutions, and pre-adoptive homes. A child is in foster care in accordance with this definition regardless of whether the foster care facility is licensed and payments are made by the State or local agency for the care of the child, whether adoption subsidy payments are being made prior to the finalization of an adoption, or whether there is Federal matching of any payments that are made.
*Illegal use of drugs* means the use of one or more drugs, the possession or distribution of which is unlawful under the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812). The term illegal use of drugs does not include the use of a drug taken under supervision by a licensed health care professional, or other uses authorized by the Controlled Substances Act or other provisions of Federal law.
*Individual with a disability* means a person who has a disability. The term *individual with a disability* does not include an individual who is currently engaging in illegal use of drugs when a recipient acts on the basis of such use.
*Kiosks* means self-service transaction machines made available by recipients at set physical locations for the independent use of patients or program participants in health and human service programs or activities. They often consist of a screen and an input device—either a keyboard, touch screen, or similar device—onto which the program participant independently types in or otherwise enters information. In health and human service programs, recipients often make kiosks available so that patients or program participants can check in, provide information for the receipt of services, procure services, have their vital signs taken, or perform other similar actions.
*Medical diagnostic equipment (MDE)* means equipment used in, or in conjunction with, medical settings by health care providers for diagnostic purposes. MDE includes, for example, examination tables, examination chairs (including chairs used for eye examinations or procedures, and dental examinations or procedures), weight scales, mammography equipment, x-ray machines, and other radiological equipment commonly used for diagnostic purposes by health professionals.
*Mobile applications* (apps) means software applications that are downloaded and designed to run on mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets.
*Most integrated setting* means a setting that provides individuals with disabilities the opportunity to interact with nondisabled persons to the fullest extent possible. These settings provide opportunities to live, work, and receive services in the greater community, like individuals without disabilities; are located in mainstream society; offer access to community activities and opportunities at times, frequencies and with persons of an individual's choosing; and afford individuals choice in their daily life activities.
*Other power-driven mobility device* means any mobility device powered by batteries, fuel, or other engines—whether or not designed primarily for use by individuals with mobility disabilities—that is used by individuals with mobility disabilities for the purpose of locomotion, including golf cars, electronic personal assistance mobility devices (EPAMDs), such as the Segway® PT, or any mobility device designed to operate in areas without defined pedestrian routes, but that is not a wheelchair within the meaning of this section. This definition does not apply to Federal wilderness areas; wheelchairs in such areas are defined in section 508(c)(2) of the ADA, 42 U.S.C. 12207(c)(2).
*Parents* means biological or adoptive parents or legal guardians, as determined by applicable State law.
*Program or activity* means all of the operations of any entity described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of this definition, any part of which is extended Federal financial assistance: ( 1 ) ( i ) A department, agency, special purpose district, or other instrumentality of a State or of a local government; or
( ii ) The entity of such State or local government that distributes such assistance and each such department or agency (and each other State or local government entity) to which the assistance is extended, in the case of assistance to a State or local government;
( 2 ) ( i ) A college, university, or other postsecondary institution, a public system of higher education; or
( ii ) A local educational agency (as defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of career and technical education, or other school system;
( 3 ) ( i ) An entire corporation, partnership, or other private organization, or an entire sole proprietorship— ( A ) If assistance is extended to such corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship as a whole; or
( B ) Which is principally engaged in the business of providing education, health care, housing, social services, or parks and recreation; or
( ii ) The entire plant or other comparable, geographically separate facility to which Federal financial assistance is extended, in the case of any other corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship; or
( 4 ) Any other entity which is established by two or more of the entities described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this definition.
*Prospective parents* means individuals who are seeking to become foster or adoptive parents.
*Qualified individual with a disability* means: ( 1 ) Except as provided in paragraphs (2) through (4) of this definition, an individual with a disability who, with or without reasonable modifications to rules, policies, or practices, the removal of architectural, communication, or transportation barriers, or the provision of auxiliary aids and services, meets the essential eligibility requirements for the receipt of services or the participation in programs or activities provided by a recipient; and
( 2 ) With respect to employment, an individual with a disability who meets the definition of “qualified” in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission's regulation implementing title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 29 CFR 1630.2(m).
( 3 ) With respect to childcare, preschool, elementary, secondary, or adult educational services, a person with a disability— ( i ) Of an age during which nondisabled persons are provided such services;
( ii ) Of any age during which it is mandatory under State law to provide such services to persons with a disability; or
( iii ) To whom a State is required to provide a free appropriate public education under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act; and
( 4 ) With respect to postsecondary and career and technical education services, an individual with a disability who, with or without reasonable modifications to rules, policies, or practices, the removal of architectural, communication, or transportation barriers, or the provision of auxiliary aids and services, meets the essential eligibility requirements for the receipt of services or the participation in the recipient's program or activity.
*Qualified interpreter* means an interpreter who, via an on-site appearance or through a video remote interpreting (VRI) service, is able to interpret effectively, accurately, and impartially, both receptively and expressively, using any necessary specialized vocabulary. Qualified interpreters include, for example, sign language interpreters, oral transliterators, and cued-language transliterators.
*Qualified reader* means a person who is able to read effectively, accurately, and impartially using any necessary specialized vocabulary.
*Recipient* means any State or its political subdivision, any instrumentality of a State or its political subdivision, any public or private agency, institution, organization, or other entity, or any person to which Federal financial assistance is extended directly or through another recipient, including any successor, assignee, or transferee of a recipient, but excluding the ultimate beneficiary of the assistance.
*Section 504* means section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Pub. L. 93-112, 87 Stat. 394 (29 U.S.C. 794)), as amended.
*Section 508 Standards* means the standards for Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) promulgated at 36 CFR part 1194 by the U.S. Access Board per section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. 794d as amended).
*Service animal* means any dog that is individually trained to do work or perform tasks for the benefit of an individual with a disability, including a physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental disability. Other species of animals, whether wild or domestic, trained or untrained, are not service animals for the purposes of this definition. The work or tasks performed by a service animal must be directly related to the individual's disability. Examples of work or tasks include, but are not limited to, assisting individuals who are blind or have low vision with navigation and other tasks, alerting individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing to the presence of people or sounds, providing non-violent protection or rescue work, pulling a wheelchair, assisting an individual during a seizure, alerting individuals to the presence of allergens, retrieving items such as medicine or the telephone, providing physical support and assistance with balance and stability to individuals with mobility disabilities, and helping persons with mental and neurological disabilities by preventing or interrupting impulsive or harmful behaviors. The crime deterrent effects of an animal's presence and the provision of emotional support, well-being, comfort, or companionship do not constitute work or tasks for the purposes of this definition.
*Standards for Accessible Medical Diagnostic Equipment* (“Standards for Accessible MDE”) means the standards promulgated by the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (Access Board) under section 510 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, found at 36 CFR part 1195 (as of Jan. 9, 2017), with the exception of M301.2.2 and M302.2.2.
*State* includes, in addition to each of the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
*Ultimate beneficiary* means one among a class of persons who are entitled to benefit from, or otherwise participate in, a program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance and to whom the protections of this part extend. The ultimate beneficiary class may be the general public or some narrower group of persons.
*User agent* means any software that retrieves and presents web content for users.
*Video remote interpreting (VRI)* service means an interpreting service that uses video conference technology over dedicated lines or wireless technology offering high-speed, wide-bandwidth video connection that delivers high-quality video images as provided in § 84.77(d).
*WCAG 2.1* means the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1, W3C Recommendation 05 June 2018, *https://www.w3.org/TR/2018/REC-WCAG21-20180605/* and *https://perma.cc/UB8A-GG2F .* WCAG 2.1 is incorporated by reference elsewhere in this part (see §§ 84.84 and 84.86).
*Web content* means the information and sensory experience to be communicated to the user by means of a user agent, including code or markup that defines the content's structure, presentation, and interactions. Examples of web content include text, images, sounds, videos, controls, animations, and conventional electronic documents.
*Wheelchair* means a manually-operated or power-driven device designed primarily for use by an individual with a mobility disability for the main purpose of indoor, or of both indoor and outdoor locomotion. This definition does not apply to Federal wilderness areas; wheelchairs in such areas are defined in section 508(c)(2) of the ADA, 42 U.S.C. 12207(c)(2).
[42 FR 22677, May 4, 1977, as amended at 70 FR 24319, May 9, 2005. Redesignated and revised and republished at 89 FR 40180, 40182, May 9, 2024]