MAKING THE DRUG PROBLEM PROBLEM 

SMALLER, 2001-2008 

Office of National DrugControl Policy

Executive Office of the President 

Washington, DC 20503 

January 2009 

•

CONTENTS

Inputs 

• The Federal Drug Control Budget, FY 1988-2009 

• The Number of Drug Courts Continues to Increase Nationwide (1989–2007) 

• Per Capita Expenditures xpenditures for Prevention, Prevention, By State

• More than 1 million persons are in treatment, every day 

• Treatment Admissions by Primary Substance of Abuse, 1996-2006 

• Media Campaign Raises Awareness of Drug Risks 

• Exposure to Prevention Messages, Parental Involvement, and Illicit Drug Use among 

Youth 

• Access to Recovery Outcomes, 2006

Outcomes: 

• Youth Drug Use Falls 25 Percent 

• The Collapse ollapse in Youth Use of Ecstasy Ecstasy and LSD

• Illicit drug use among youth (aged 12 to 17) is significantly lower in 2007, and is 

statistically unchanged among young adults and adults. 

• A Declining Trend in Positive Workplace Drug Tests 

• The economic costs of drug abuse in constant 2000 dollars (direct vs. indirect) 

• Less Cocaine Means Higher Prices 

• Methamphetamine Methamphetamine Price and Purity Trends 

• National Workforce Positives for Marijuana Down 

• Emergency Department Episodes Involving Marijuana Almost Tripled from 1994 to 2002 

• Less Cocaine from Colombia and More of it Is Seized 

• Percentage of Workforce Testing Positive for Hydrocodone, 

January 2002 to December 2007 

• Past month youth substance use rates in coalition areas are significantly lower than the 

national average in 2007 

• 769 Drug Free Communities Program Grantees, Fiscal Year 2008 

• The Exploding Popularity of Student Drug Testing Programs 

• Most Dependent Users do not Think They Need Treatment 

• A Growing Trend in Funding Drug Screening: States that have Adopted SBI Insurance 

C do es 

1 
The Federal Drug Control Budget, FY 1988-2009 

Treatment (w/ Prevention (w/ Domestic Law 

Research) Research) Enforcement Interdiction International Total 

FY 1988 $774.54 $413.32 $481.90 $927.92 $196.15 $2,793.82 

FY 1989 $1,073.99 $629.85 $533.33 $1,291.63 $263.60 $3,792.41 

FY 1990 $1,535.85 $1,056.66 $769.37 $1,589.79 $324.15 $5,275.82 

FY 1991 $1,765.47 $1,240.98 $968.91 $1,806.40 $322.39 $6,104.15 

FY 1992 $1,965.39 $1,287.49 $1,118.60 $1,730.64 $309.14 $6,411.26 

FY 1993 $2,160.14 $1,265.14 $1,177.85 $1,248.14 $320.38 $6,171.65 

FY 1994 $2,294.48 $1,160.22 $1,196.23 $1,128.18 $254.10 $6,033.20 

FY 1995 $2,430.46 $1,161.91 $1,252.19 $1,099.28 $232.46 $6,176.30 

FY 1996 $2,249.48 $1,023.78 $1,320.55 $1,106.69 $243.60 $5,944.09 

FY 1997 $2,170.56 $1,239.38 $1,525.34 $1,549.32 $389.87 $6,874.47 

FY 1998 $2,155.51 $1,479.53 $1,693.29 $1,406.54 $464.01 $7,198.88 

FY 1999 $2,409.47 $1,581.06 $1,828.05 $2,155.59 $746.32 $8,720.49 

FY 2000 $, 2 452.64 $, 1 644.58 $, 1 969.66 $, 1 904.39 $, 1 619.15 $, 9 590.43 

FY 2001 $2,633.77 $1,788.69 $2,201.78 $1,895.34 $617.28 $9,136.85 

FY 2002 $2,906.00 $2,010.00 $2,867.20 $1,913.75 $1,084.49 $10,781.44 

FY 2003 $2,999.20 $1,950.10 $3,018.30 $2,147.49 $1,105.12 $11,220.21 

FY 2004 $3,152.70 $1,969.70 $3,189.80 $2,534.07 $1,159.27 $12,005.54 

FY 2005 $3,178.20 $1,966.00 $3,318.10 $2,928.70 $1,393.33 $12,784.33 

FY 2006 $3,070.70 $1,876.90 $3,475.00 $3,287.00 $1,434.53 $13,144.13 

FY 2007 $3,060.90 $1,841.80 $3,748.80 $3,175.92 $2,016.60 $13 ,844.02 

FY 2008 $3,226.00 $1,756.80 $3,800.30 $3,214.25 $1,666.30 $13,663.65 

FY 2009 $3,402.80 $1,507.10 $3,763.30 $3,830.91 $1,609.80 $14,113.91 

Note: FY 2008 reflects preliminary final levels; FY 2009 reflects enacted levels for those with 

signed appropriations, and estimated continuing resolution levels for all other 

Departments. 

Source: Office of Nationa National Drug Control Control Policy . Nationa National Drug Control Strategy trategy FY 2009 Budget 

Summary (February 2008). 

2 
The Federal Drug Control Budget, 

FY 1988-2009* 

*FY 2008 reflects preliminary final levels; FY 2009 reflects enacted levels for those with signed 

appropriations, and estimated continuing resolution levels for all other Departments. 

3
Total Number of Drug Courts 1989–2007 

Year Number of Drug Courts 

1989 1

1990 1

1991 5

1992 10

1993 19

1994 40

1995 75

2002 1,048

2003 1,183

2004 1,621

2005 1,753

2006 1,927

2007 2,147

1996 139

1997 230

1998 347

1999 472

2000 665

2001 847

Source: National Drug Court Institute (January 2008). 

4 
The Number of Drug Courts Continues to Increase 

Nationwide (1989–2007) 

Source: National Drug Court Institute (January 2008).

5 
Expenditures for Prevention from all Funding Sources, By State, FY 2003 

Prevention Expenditures from All Funding Sources, FY 2003 

Population Estimate 

State or Jurisdiction (2003) Total Expenditures Per Capita Expenditures 

Alabama 4,534,842 $4,930,210 $1.09 

Alaska 645,110 $9,510,064 $14.74 

Arizona 5,612,172 $6,261,531 $1.12 

Arkansas 2,756,860 $2,406,920 $0.87 

California 35,547,875 $61,791,700 $1.74 

Colorado 4,652,829 $6,181,247 $1.33 

Connecticut 3,448,913 $15,154,964 $4.39 

Delaware 818,692 $4,075,557 $4.98 

District of Columbia 570,803 $4,681,009 $8.20 

Florida 16,995,730 $27,493,129 $1.62 

Georgia 8,813,345 $13,244,426 $1.50 

Hawaii 1,242,249 $4,117,265 $3.31 

Idaho 1,377,016 $2,413,305 $1.75 

Illinois 12,680,846 $21,734,501 $1.71 

Indiana 6,227,096 $8,667,531 $1.39 

Iowa 2, 958, 964 $6, 948, 442 $2.35 

Kansas 2,744,233 $3,732,685 $1.36 

Kentucky 4,146,195 $8,967,526 $2.16 

Louisiana 4,525,930 $5,191,933 $1.15 

Maine 1,303,333 $8,323,201 $6.39 

Maryland 5,471,836 $7,885,787 $1.44 

Massachusetts 6,425,927 $7,825,701 $1.22 

Michigan 10,098,697 $17,953,763 $1.78 

Minnesota 5,085,434 $5,465,144 $1.07 

Mississippi 2,910,446 $2,827,985 $0.97 

Missouri 5,710,751 $8,311,621 $1.46 

Montana 916,257 $1,980,822 $2.16 

Nebraska 1,741,195 $2,576,895 $1.48 

Nevada 2,290,103 $4,918,396 $2.15 

New Hampshire 1,279,893 $2,729,283 $2.13 

New Jersey 8,604,674 $11,332,318 $1.32 

New Mexico 1,874,466 $7,588,143 $4.05 

New York 19,205,606 $74 ,922,798 $3.90 

North Carolina 8,501,654 $9,947,685 $1.17 

North Dakota 637,941 $2,044,914 $3.21 

Ohio 11,458,666 $24,806,999 $2.16 

Oklahoma 3,521,495 $5,510,949 $1.56 

Oregon 3,555,915 $5,166,858 $1.45 

Pennsylvania 12,380,576 $21,223,136 $1.71 

Rhode Island 1,064,948 $7,403,938 $6.95 

South Carolina 4,180,712 $7,953,854 $1.90 

South Dakota 769,957 $1,495,705 $1.94 

Tennessee 5,891,303 $9,228,890 $1.57 

Texas 22,129,245 $38,564,386 $1.74 

Utah 2,364,740 $7,955,561 $3.36 

Vermont 620,664 $1,727,071 $2.78 

Virginia 7,393,572 $8,511,634 $1.15 

Washington 6,137,285 $10,095,235 $1.64 

West Virginia 1,809,011 $1,784,561 $0.99 

Wisconsin 5,492,787 $7,244,160 $1.32 

Wyoming 499,019 $6,976,763 $13.98 

Source: Office of National Drug Control Policy. Inventory of State Substance Abuse Prevention 

and Treatment Activities and Expenditures November 2006) and population estimates 

from the US Bureau of the Census.. 

6 
Per Capita Expenditures for Prevention, By State

7 
Clients in Specialty Treatment for Drugs and Alcohol, 1980-2006 

One-DayCensus of Clients in Specialty Treatment 

Year Number 

1980 478,793 

1982 463,412 

1984 670,279 

1987 613,385 

1989 734,955 

1990 767,829 

1991 811,819 

1992 943,166 

1993 944,456 

1995 1,009,127 

1996 940,141 

1997 928,808 

1998 1,038,378 

2000 1,000,896 

2002 1,136,287 

2003 1,092,546 

2004 1,072,251 

2005 1,081,049 

2006 1,130,881 

Source: Source: SAMHSA, National Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey for 1980-1993; 

Uniform Facility Data Set Survey for 1995-1998;National Surveyof Substance Abuse 

Treatment Services for 2000-2006. 

8 
More than 1 million million persons persons 

are in treatment, every day

Clients in Specialty Treatment for Drugs and Alcohol 

( one-day census of acti ve cli ents) 

Source: SAMHSA, National Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey for 1980-1993; Uniform Facility 

Data Set Survey for 1995-1998; National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services for 

2000-2006. 

9 
Admissions for Selected Primary Drugs, 1994–2006

(Number in Thousands)

Marijuana/ MethamYear Opiates Heroin Cocaine Hashish Stimulants phetamine 

1994 232 216 297 143 45 

1995 244 228 278 171 63 

1996 241 224 264 193 53 41 

1997 251 235 237 198 68 54 

1998 267 247 254 220 71 57 

1999 280 258 242 232 74 59 

2000 299 270 239 251 81 64 

2001 316 278 231 266 98 79 

2002 332 286 246 289 124 103 

2003 327 274 255 292 135 115 

2004 329 264 263 307 148 127 

2005 326 257 261 297 171 153 

2006 321 246 250 290 156 149 

Source: SAMHSA, Treatment Episode Data Set 2006 (January 2008). 

10 
Treatment Admissions by Primary 

Substance of Abuse 1996 2006 

Number of Admissions, in Thousands 

350 

Substance of Abuse, 1996-2006 

250 

300 

150 

200 

0 

50 

100 Opiates 

Heroin 

Cocaine 

Mrj/Hashish 

Stimulants 

Methamphetamine 

0 

19961997199819992000200120022003200420052006 

NOTE: Heroin is a subset of Opiates and Methamphetamine is a subset of Stimulants.. 

Source: SAMHSA, 2006 Treatment Episode Data Set (January 2008). 

11
19% Significant

increase in Campaign

Awareness

28% Significant

increase in Beliefs of

Drug Risks

Media Campaign Raises Awareness of Drug Risks

Drug Risks

reement*

% Agr 12
d

Exposure to Prevention Messages, Parental 

Involvement, and Illicit Drug Use among Youth Ha

ve not seen or 

he

ard messag

es 

Hav

e seen or 

hear

d messages

Not monitored 

Mo

nitored 

Source: SAMHSA, 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2008). 

13
Access to R ecovery Out comes, 2006

Percentage of adults receiving services with: 

Source: SAMHSA, Performance Budget Submission to DHHS, Fiscal Year 2009 

(Summer 2007).

14 
Youth Drug Use Falls 25 Percent

25 % decline 

from 2001 

Source: 2008 Monitoring the Future study – combined 8th, 10th,

and 12th graders (December 2008).

Percent Rep ortingUse of AnyIllicit Drugin Past Month,Combined Grades, 

1991–2008 

Year Percent Year Percent Year Percent 

1991 10.9 1997 20.5 2003 17.3 

1992 10.5 1998 19.5 2004 16.1 

1993 13.3 1999 19.5 2005 15.7 

1994 16.7 2000 19.2 2006 14.9 

1995 18.7 2001 19.4 2007 14.8 

1996 20.6 2002 18.2 2008 14.6 

15 
The Collapse in Youth Use of Ecstasy and LSD

50% lower than

2001

53% lower than 2001

Source: 2008 Monitoring the Future study special tabulations for

combined 8th, 10th, and 12th graders (December 2008).

16
Illicit drug use among youth (aged 12 to 17) is 

significantly lower in 2007, and is statistically 

unchanged among young adults and adults.

Current Use, By Age Group 

Perce

nt Reportin

g Past Mon

th Use21.0 

18.0 

15.0 

12.0 

9.0 

6.0 

3.0 

0.0 

20.2 20.3 

19.4 

20.1 19.8 19.7 

Significantly 

lower than in 

11.6 11.2 

2002-2004 

10.6 

9.9 9 8. 9 5. 

5.8 5.6 5.5 5.8 6.1 5.8 

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

12 to 17 18 to 25 26 or older 

Source: SAMHSA, 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2008). 

17
- -

Monthly Workforce Drug Testing for Cocaine or Methamphetamine, January 

2000–June 2008 

Percent testing positive for Percent testing positive for 

Methampheta 

Month/Year Cocaine Methamphetamine Month/Year Cocaine mine 

Jan-00 0.72% Jan-05 0.70% 0.30% 

Feb-00 0.69% Feb-05 0.75% 0.29% 

Mar-00 0.74% Mar-05 0.78% 0.30% 

Apr-00 0.70% Apr-05 0.77% 0.31% 

May-00 0.69% May-05 0.72% 0.28% 

Jun-00 0.69% Jun-05 0.69% 0.28% 

Jul -00 0.77% Jul-05 0.74% 0.27% 

Aug-00 0.80% Aug-05 0.71% 0.27% 

Sep-00 0.76% Sep-05 0.71% 0.27% 

Oct-00 0.75% Oct-05 0.75% 0.28% 

Nov-00 0.72% Nov-05 0.74% 0.27% 

Dec-00 0.72% Dec-05 0.74% 0.23% 

Jan-01 0.70% Jan-06 0.70% 0.21% 

Feb-01 0.75% Feb-06 0.75% 0.22% 

Mar-01 0.71% Mar-06 0.77% 0.19% 

Apr-01 0.73% Apr-06 0.77% 0.17% 

May-01 0.67% May-06 0.67% 0.17% 

Jun-01 0.68% Jun-06 0.70% 0.16% 

Jul-01 0.66% Jul-06 0.76% 0.18% 

Aug-01 0.68% Aug-06 0.73% 0.16% 

Sep-01 0.68% Sep-06 0.70% 0.15% 

Oct-01 0.68% Oct-06 0.68% 0.19% 

Nov-01 0.64% Nov-06 0.71% 0.18% 

Dec-01 0.65% Dec-06 0.69% 0.19% 

Jan-02 0.62% 0.17% Jan-07 0.61% 0.17% 

Feb-02 0.74% 0.19% Feb-07 0.68% 0.19% 

Mar-02 0.72% 0.21% Mar-07 0.68% 0.19% 

Apr-02 0.74% 0 .20% Apr -07 0 .61% 0.19% 

May-02 0.66% 0.18% May-07 0.55% 0.13% 

Jun-02 0.69% 0.19% Jun-07 0.54% 0.11% 

Jul-02 0.71% 0.20% Jul-07 0.58% 0.11% 

Aug-02 0.70% 0.20% Aug-07 0.54% 0.12% 

Sep-02 0.70% 0.19% Sep-07 0.56% 0.12% 

Oct-02 0.66% 0.20% Oct-07 0.56% 0.10% 

Nov-02 0.62% 0.19% Nov-07 0.53% 0.11% 

Dec-02 0.66% 0.19% Dec-07 0.53% 0.12% 

Jan-03 0.69% 0.26% Jan-08 0.47% 

Feb-03 0.75% 0.32% Feb-08 0.50% 

Mar-03 0.77% 0.31% Mar-08 0.49% 

Apr-03 0.82% 0.33% Apr-08 0.50% 

May-03 0.72% 0.30% May-08 0.44% 

Jun-03 0.74% 0.31% Jun-08 0.43% 

Jul-03 0.76% 0.31%

Aug-03 0.75% 0.33%

Sep-03 0.72% 0.31%

Oct-03 0.69% 0.32%

Nov-03 0.69% 0.34%

Dec-03 0.70% 0.38%

Jan-04 0.67% 0.35%

Feb-04 0.75% 0.37%

Mar-04 0.75% 0.34%

Apr-04 0.76% 0.33%

May-04 0.69% 0.29%

Jun-04 0.69% 0.29%

Jul-04 0.75% 0.33%

Aug-04 0.72% 0.33%

Sep-04 0.71% 0.32%

Oct-04 0.72% 0.32%

Nov-04 0.73% 0.33%

Dec-04 0.70% 0.37%

Source: Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index, through June 2008. 

18 
A Declining Trend in Positive

Workplace Drug Tests

Source: Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index, through June 2008. 

19 
Economic Costs of Drug Abuse, 1989–2007 (Constant 2002 Dollars) 

Direct costs Indirect costs 

1992 $35 $69 

1993 $40 $92 

1994 $41 $95 

1995 $43 $98 

1996 $42 $100 

1997 $45 $100 

1998 $47 $103 

1999 * $49 $107 

2000* $50 $110 

Source: Office of Nationa National Drug Control Control Policy , The Economic Costs of Drug Abuse in the 

United States, 1992-1998 (2001). 

20 
Dollars, in Billions

The economic costs ofdrug abuse in 

constant 2000 dollars (direct vs. indirect)

*Projections 

“Direct” costs include health care costs, costs of goods and services lost to 

crime, and social welfare costs. “Indirect” costs are due to lost productivity. 

Source: ONDCP, The Economic Costs of Drug Abuse in the United States, 1992-1998 (2001). 

21
Quarterly Price and Purity of Cocaine, 2005-2008 

Price per Pure 

Quarter/Year Gram (Mean) Purity 

Apr-Jun 2005 93.04 66 .11% 

Jul-Sep 2005 105.77 65.54% 

Oct-Dec 2005 94.42 67.39% 

Jan-Mar 2006 92.65 68.36% 

Apr-Jun 2006 92.75 68.66% 

Jul-Sep 2006 92.77 67.75% 

Oct-Dec 2006 88.04 69.60% 

Jan-Mar 2007 96.61 67 .16% 

Apr-Jun 2007 116.98 59.08% 

Jul-Sept 2007 132.75 56.55% 

Oct-Dec 2007 116.36 60.49% 

Jan-Mar 2008 127.04 56.88% 

Apr-Jun 2008 126.59 56.85% 

Jul-Sep 2008 182.73 45.61% 

Source: Drug Enforcement Administration, System To Retrieve

Information on Drug Evidence (November 2008).

22 
Less Cocaine Means Higher Prices

Source: Drug Enforcement Adminis Administration, System To Retrieve Information rmation on

Drug Evidence (November 2008).

23
Quarterly Price and Purity of Methamphetamine, 2005-2008 

Price per Pure 

Quarter/Year Gram (Mean) Purity 

Apr-Jun 2005 $111.91 70.5% 

Jul-Sep 2005 $101.91 71.0% 

Oct-Dec 2005 $106.83 62.3% 

Jan-Mar 2006 $215.92 37.3% 

Apr-Jun 2006 $249.13 37.7% 

Jul-Sep 2006 $177.39 48.8% 

Oct-Dec 2006 $131.51 57.2% 

Jan-Mar 2007$148.91 56.9% 

Apr-Jun 2007 $213.74 42.7% 

Jul-Sept 2007 $267.57 38.9% 

Oct-Dec 2007 $267.74 40.9% 

Jan-Mar 2008 $232.27 45.9% 

Apr-Jun 2008 $233.80 52.0% 

Jul-Sep 2008 $184.09 52.2% 

Source: Drug Enforcement Administration, System To Retrieve

Information on Drug Evidence (November 2008).

24 
Methamphetamine Price and Purity Trends

Source: Drug Enforcement Adminis Administration, System To Retrieve Information rmation on

Drug Evidence (November 2008).

25
Monthly Workforce Drug Testing for Marijuana, January 2000–December 2007 

(Percent Testing Positive) 

Month/Year Percent Month/Year Percent Month/Year Percent Month/Year Percent 

Jan-00 3.4% Jan-02 3.0% Jan-04 3.0% Jan-06 2.5% 

Feb-00 3.3% Feb-02 3.2% Feb-04 3.1% Feb-06 2.6% 

Mar-00 3.4% Mar-02 3.3% Mar-04 3.1% Mar-06 2.7% 

Apr-00 3.5% Apr-02 3.3% Apr-04 3.0% Apr-06 2.6% 

May-00 3.2% May-02 3.0% May-04 2.8% May-06 2.3% 

Jun-00 3 2.% Jun-02 3 1.% Jun-04 2 6.% Jun-06 2 3.% 

Jul-00 3.4% Jul-02 3.1% Jul-04 2.8% Jul-06 2.4% 

Aug-00 3.2% Aug-02 2.9% Aug-04 2.8% Aug-06 2.3% 

Sep-00 3.2% Sep-02 2.7% Sep-04 2.8% Sep-06 2.1% 

Oct-00 3.2% Oct-02 2.5% Oct-04 2.8% Oct-06 2.1% 

Nov-00 3.3% Nov-02 2.6% Nov-04 2.8% Nov-06 2.3% 

Dec-00 3.3% Dec-02 2.6% Dec-04 2.8% Dec-06 2.3% 

Jan-01 3.4% Jan-03 3.0% Jan-05 2.7% Jan-07 2.4% 

Feb-01 3.3% Feb-03 3.0% Feb-05 2.7% Feb-07 2.5% 

Mar-01 3.5% Mar-03 3.2% Mar-05 2.7% Mar-07 2.5% 

Apr-01 3.4% Apr-03 3.2% Apr-05 2.7% Apr-07 2.6% 

May-01 3.1% May-03 2.9% May-05 2.6% May-07 2.3% 

Jun-01 3.1% Jun-03 2.9% Jun-05 2.5% Jun-07 2.3% 

Jul-01 3.2% Jul-03 3.0% Jul-05 2.5% Jul-07 2.4% 

Aug-01 3.0% Aug-03 2.8% Aug-05 2.4% Aug-07 2.3% 

Sep-01 2.9% Sep-03 2.8% Sep-05 2.3% Sep-07 2.2% 

Oct-01 3.0% Oct-03 2.8% Oct-05 2.5% Oct-07 2.2% 

Nov-01 3.1% Nov-03 2.9% Nov-05 2.4% Nov-07 2.2% 

Dec-01 3.1% Dec-03 2.9% Dec-05 2.5% Dec-07 2.2% 

Source: Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index, through December 2007. 

26
National Workforce Positives for Marijuana Down

Source: Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index, through December 2007. 

27
Emergency Department Episodes Involving Marijuana or Heroin, 1994–2002 

(Estimated Number of Mentions) 

Year M i arj uana H eroin

1994 40,034 63,158 

1995 45,259 69,556 

1996 53,770 72,980 

1997 64,720 70,012 

1998 76,842 75,688 

1999 87,068 82,192 

2000 96,426 94,804 

2001 110,512 93,064 

2002 119,472 93,519 

Source: SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network. 

28 
Emergency Department Episodes Involving 

Marijuana Almost Tripled from 1994 to 2002 

120,000 

140,000 

Marijuana 

80 000 

100,000 

, 

ncy Episodes 

Heroin 

40 000 

60,000 

80,000 

mber of Emerge 

20,000 

40,000

Num 

0 

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 

Source: SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network. 

29
Colombian Production and Production Net of Seizures, 1996–2007 

Colombia Production 

Colombia Production Less Colombian and 

Transit Zone Seizures 

1996 312 232 

1997 349 220 

1998 510 364 

1999 625 515 

2000 650 492 

2001 905 728 

2002 760 562 

2003 524 297 

2004 488 215 

2005 618 303 

2006 647 376 

2007 629 337 

Source: United States Government. 

30 
Less Cocaine from Colombia and

More of it Is Seized

30%

decrease

54%

decrease

Sources: United States Government (September 2008 and May 2008).

31 
Monthly Workforce Drug Testing for Hydrocodone, January 2002–November 

2007 (Percent Testing Positive) 

Month/Year Percent Month/Year Percent Month/Year Percent 

Jan-02 0.49% Jan-04 0.86% Jan-06 0.81% 

Feb-02 0.58% Feb-04 0.78% Feb-06 1.01% 

Mar-02 0.60% Mar-04 0.73% Mar-06 0.93% 

Apr-02 0.41% Apr-04 0.74% Apr-06 0.98% 

May-02 0.51% May-04 0.78% May-06 0.91% 

Jun-02 0 3.9% Jun-04 0 7.8% Jun-06 0 7.7% 

Jul-02 0.42% Jul-04 0.93% Jul-06 0.93% 

Aug-02 0.37% Aug-04 0.63% Aug-06 0.76% 

Sep-02 0.30% Sep-04 0.78% Sep-06 0.85% 

Oct-02 0.49% Oct-04 0.93% Oct-06 1.05% 

Nov-02 0.64% Nov-04 0.84% Nov-06 1.25% 

Dec-02 0.65% Dec-04 1.06% Dec-06 1.40% 

Jan-03 0 5.2% Jan-05 1 0.1% Jan-07 1 1.1% 

Feb-03 0.57% Feb-05 0.84% Feb-07 1.23% 

Mar-03 0.56% Mar-05 0.94% Mar-07 1.37% 

Apr-03 0.58% Apr-05 0.99% Apr-07 1.27% 

May-03 0.62% May-05 0.89% May-07 1.10% 

Jun-03 0.67% Jun-05 0.80% Jun-07 1.34% 

Jul-03 0.59% Jul-05 0.75% Jul-07 1.05% 

Aug -03 0 5.0% Aug -05 0 7.8% Aug -07 1 1.4% 

Sep-03 0.79% Sep-05 0.88% Sep-07 1.21% 

Oct-03 0.87% Oct-05 0.88% Oct-07 1.14% 

Nov-03 0.87% Nov-05 0.90% Nov-07 1.21% 

Dec-03 0.88% Dec-05 0.95% 

Source: Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index, through November 2007. 

32
Percentage of Workforce Testing Positive 

for Hydrocodone, 

January 2002 to December 2007 

33
Past month youth substance use rates in coalition 

areas are significantly lower than the national 

average in 2007 

Percent Percent Using in Past Month

Source: Interim DFC Program Evaluation Findings Report. Produced for ONDCP by 

Battelle Memorial Institute Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation 

(September 2008). 

DFC = Drug Free Coalition areas; YRBS = Youth Risk Behavior Survey national 

estimates 

34 
35 
The Exploding Popularity of Student Drug

Testing Programs

36
Most Dependent Users do not Think They

Need Treatment

Felt they needed

treatment and

did not make an

effort

95.5%

Did not feel

they needed

treatment

3.0%

1.5% Felt they

needed treatment

and did make an

effort

Source: SAMHSA, 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2008).

effort

37 
A Growing Trend in Funding Drug Screening 

States That Have Adopted SBI Insurance Codes 

38



Office of National Drug Control Policy National Drug Control Policy 

Executive Office of the President 

Washington, DC 20503 

January 2009