SJVUAPCD 4352 - 1 12/15/11

RULE 4352 SOLID FUEL FIRED BOILERS, STEAM GENERATOR S AND PROCESS

HEATERS (Adopted September 14, 1994; Amended Octobe r 19, 1995; Amended May 18, 2006; Amended December 15, 2011)

1.0 Purpose

The purpose of this rule is to limit emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) from solid fuel fired boilers, steam generators and process heaters.

2.0 Applicability

This rule applies to any boiler, steam generator o r process heater fired on solid fuel. Heat may be supplied by liquid or gaseous fuels for star t-ups, shutdowns, and during other flame stabilization periods, as deemed necessary by the owner/operator.

3.0 Definitions

3.1 Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO): as defi ned in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

3.2 ARB: California Air Resources Board.

3.3 Block 24-hour Average: the arithmetic average of the hourly emission rates of a unit as measured over 24 one-hour periods, daily, f rom 12:00 AM to 11:59 PM, excluding periods of system calibration.

3.4 Boiler or Steam Generator: any combustion equi pment fired directly or indirectly

with any solid fuel used to produce hot water or st eam.

3.5 British Thermal Unit (Btu): the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water from 59°F to 60°F at one atmosph ere.

3.6 EPA: United States Environmental Protection Ag ency.

3.7 Flame Stabilization: any period in which supple mental use of a liquid or gaseous fuel is required in instances including control of one or more pollutants, or to alleviate or prevent unanticipated equipment outage s or emergencies, directly affecting the public health, safety, or welfare, wh ich would result from electric

power outages.

3.8 Gaseous Fuel: any fuel which is a gas at standa rd conditions.

3.9 Heat Input: the heat of combustion released du e to burning a fuel in a unit, based

on the higher heating value of the fuel, not includ ing the sensible heat of incoming

combustion air and fuel.SJVUAPCD 4352 - 2 12/15/11

3.10 Higher Heating Value (hhv): the total heat li berated per mass of fuel burned (Btu

per pound), when fuel and dry air at standard condi tions undergo complete combustion and all resulting products are brought t o their standard states at

standard conditions.

3.11 Hot Standby Condition: a condition in which al l fuel feed has been curtailed and the boiler is secured at a temperature greater than the current ambient

temperature.

3.12 Liquid Fuel: any fuel which is a liquid at s tandard conditions.

3.13 NOx Emissions: the sum of oxides of nitrogen (NO) in the flue gas, collectively

expressed as nitrogen dioxide.

3.14 Potential to Emit: as defined in Rule 2201 ( New and Modified Stationary Source

Rule).

3.15 Process Heater: any combustion equipment fire d on solid fuel, which transfers heat

from combustion gases to water or process streams. Process heaters exclude kilns or ovens used for drying, baking, cooking, calcinin g, heat treating or vitrifying.

3.16 Rated Heat Input (million Btu per hour): the heat input capacity specified on the

nameplate of the unit. If the unit has been physic ally modified such that its maximum heat input differs from what is specified o n the nameplate, the modified maximum heat input shall be considered as the rated heat input and made enforceable by Permit to Operate.

3.17 Shutdown: the period of time during which a u nit is taken from operational to nonoperational status by allowing it to cool down from its operating temperature and pressure to an ambient temperature, or to a hot sta ndby condition. Duration of shutdown shall not exceed 12 hours unless a longer time has been authorized

under Section 5.3.4.

3.18 Solid Fuel: any fuel which is a solid at stan dard conditions.

3.19 Standard Conditions: defined in Rule 1020 (De finitions).

3.20 Start-up: the period of time during which a u nit is heated to the operating

temperature and pressure from a shutdown status or hot standby condition.

3.21 Stationary Source: as defined in Rule 2201 (N ew and Modified Stationary Source

Review Rule).SJVUAPCD 4352 - 3 12/15/11

3.22 Unit: any boiler, steam generator or process heater as defined in this rule. For the

purpose of this rule, two boilers, two steam genera tors, or two process heaters may be considered as one unit, if, they are operate d as one single unit sharing a single common stack and have been issued only one D istrict Permit to Operate (PTO).

4.0 Exemptions

Except for complying with the recordkeeping require ments of Section 6.1, this rule shall not apply to units operated at a Stationary Source that has a potential to emit less than 10 tons per year of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) or volati le organic compounds (VOC).

5.0 Requirements

5.1 The owner/operator of a boiler, steam generator or process heater shall not operate

such a unit in a manner that results in NOx and CO emissions exceeding the limits specified in Table 1. The emission limits measured in parts per million by volume (ppmv) are referenced at dry stack gas conditions a nd shall be corrected to the applicable percent O 2 or CO 2 specified in Table 1 in accordance with EPA Method

19.

Table 1 - NOx and CO Emission Limits

Fuel Type Emission Limits effective

until December 31, 2012 Emission Limits effective on and after January 1, 2013

NOx Limit CO Limit NOx Limit CO Limit

Municipal

Solid Waste 200 ppmv

corrected to
12% CO 2 400 ppmv

corrected to
3% O 2 165 ppmv

corrected to
12% CO 2
400 ppmv

corrected to
3% O 2 Biomass 115 ppmv

corrected to
3% O 2 90 ppmv

corrected to
3% O 2

All Others 115 ppmv

corrected to
3% O 2 65 ppmv

corrected to
3% O 2

5.2 All NOx and CO emission limits shall be based on a block 24-hour average. A

violation of the emission limits as measured by the test methods listed in Section

6.3 shall constitute a violation of this rule.

5.3 Start-up and Shutdown Provisions

The applicable emission limits of Section 5.1 shal l not apply during start-up or shutdown provided an operator complies with the req uirements specified below.SJVUAPCD 4352 - 4 12/15/11 5.3.1 The duration of each shut down shall not e xceed 12 hours, except as provided in Section 5.3.4.

5.3.2 Except as provided in Section 5.3.4, the dura tion of each start-up shall not exceed 96 hours. If curing of the refractory is re quired after a modification to the unit is made, the duration of s tart-up shall not exceed 192 hours, except as provided in Section 5.3.4.

5.3.3 The emission control system shall be in opera tion and emissions shall be minimized insofar as technologically feasible durin g start-up or shutdown.

5.3.4 Notwithstanding the requirements of Section 5 .3.1 or Section 5.3.2, the APCO, ARB, and EPA may approve a longer start-up or shutdown duration, if an operator submits an application for a Permit to Operate which provides a justification for the requested ad ditional duration.

5.3.4.1 The maximum allowable duration of start-up or shutdown will be determined by the APCO, ARB, and EPA.

5.3.4.2 At a minimum, a justification for increased start-up or shutdown duration shall include the following:

5.3.4.2.1 A clear identification of the control tec hnologies or

strategies to be utilized; and

5.3.4.2.2 A description of what physical conditions prevail

during start-up or shutdown periods that prevent th e controls from being effective; and

5.3.4.2.3 A reasonably precise estimate as to when the

physical conditions will have reached a state that allows for the effective control of emissions; and

5.3.4.2.4 A detailed list of activities to be perfo rmed during

start-up or shutdown and a reasonable explanation for the length of time needed to complete each activity; and

5.3.4.2.5 A description of the material process flo w rates

and system operating parameters, etc., the owner/operator plans to evaluate during the process optimization; and an explanation of how the activities and process flow affect the operatio n of the emissions control equipment; andSJVUAPCD 4352 - 5 12/15/11 5.3.4.2.6 Basis for the requested additional durati on of startup or shutdown.

5.4 Monitoring Provisions

The owner/operator of any unit using ammonia inje ction as a NOx control

technique, shall operate a Continuous Emissions Mon itoring system (CEM) to monitor and record NOx concentrations, CO 2 or O 2 concentrations, as well as the NOx emission rate. Continuous Emission Monitoring s ystems shall be operated, maintained, and calibrated pursuant to the requirem ents of 40 CFR 60.7 (c) and 60.13. CEMs must also satisfy the Performance Speci fications of 40 CFR 60 Appendix B and the Relative Accuracy Test Audit of Appendix F.

6.0 Administrative Requirements

6.1 Recordkeeping

6.1.1 Except for municipal solid waste (MSW) fire d units; the owner/operator of

any unit subject to the requirements of this rule s hall maintain, on a monthly basis, an operating log for each unit that includes the following

information:

6.1.1.1 Type and quantity of fuel used.

6.1.1.2 The higher heating value (hhv) of each f uel as determined by Section 6.3, or as certified by a third party fuel supplier.

6.1.2 The records required by Section 6.1.1 shall be retained on site for a period

of five years, and shall be made available to the A PCO, ARB, and EPA
upon request.

6.2 Compliance Source Testing

6.2.1 Each unit subject to the requirements of th is rule shall be tested at least

once every 12 months, to determine compliance with the applicable requirements of Section 5.0.

6.2.2 All emission measurements shall be made with the unit operating either at conditions representative of normal operations or c onditions specified in the Permit to Operate.

6.2.3 No compliance determination shall be establi shed within two hours after a

period in which fuel flow to the unit is zero, or i s shut off for 30 minutes or longer.SJVUAPCD 4352 - 6 12/15/11

6.3 Test Methods

6.3.1 Compliance with the requirements of Section 5 .0 shall be determined in accordance with the following source test procedure s unless otherwise approved by the APCO, ARB, and EPA:

6.3.1.1 Oxides of nitrogen (ppmv) – EPA Method 7 E, or ARB Method

100.

6.3.1.2 Carbon monoxide (ppmv) - EPA Method 10, or ARB Method

100.

6.3.1.3 Stack gas oxygen - EPA Method 3 or 3A, o r ARB Method 100.

6.3.1.4 NOx emission rate (Heat input basis) - E PA Method 19.

6.3.1.5 Stack gas velocities - EPA Method 2.

6.3.1.6 Stack gas moisture content - EPA Method 4.

6.3.1.7 Solid fuel higher heating value (hhv) - ASTM Method D 5865- 10, or

6.3.1.8 Solid fuel higher heating value (hhv) - ASTM Method E 711-87.

6.3.1.9 ASTM D 1826-94 or D 1945-96 in conjunction with ASTM D

3588-98 for gaseous fuels.