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# OAR Box 1818 Prepped by Ollie Stewart



# Document

Number: 

# 30 ) ll-D- 3
Docket Number: 

# A-87-1 1

Printed 11/6/2008 3:12:44

PM Sheet 30 of 79

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# 7^j5~7i/At

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# SOUTHWES T RESEARC H INSTITUT E J-D-0 3 tf - JI 

# % 

# 1 1 POS T OFFIC E DRAWE R 2851 0 •622 0 CULEBR A ROA D •SA N ANTONIO . TEXAS , US A 7828 4 •(512 ) 684-5111'TELE X 78-735 7 f~\ ° ' 

# Septembe r 28 , 198 4

TO :

FROM :

SUBJECT : Mr . Crai g Harvey , Projec t Office r

Mrs . Am yBrochu . , . Branc h Technica l Representativ e Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y 256 5 Plymout h Roa d An n Arbor , Michiga n 4810 5 Bruc e B . Bykowsk i Departmen t o f Emission s Researc h Southwes t Researc h Institut e 622 0 Culebr a Roa d Sa n Antonio , Texa s 7828 4 Lette r Fina l Repor t titled , "Fue l Volatilit yTrends" , performe d unde r Contrac t 68-03-3192 , Wor k Assignmen t 4 , Tas k 3 ; Identifie d a s SwR I Projec t No . 03-7774 , Phase s -304 , -314 , an d -324 . I . INTRODUCTION Thi s tas k o f Wor k Assignmen t 4 wa s a n attemp t t o determin e ho w gasoline s wit h a rang e o f front-end volatilitie s "weather " i n th e fue l tan k durin g norma l consume r use . Tw o vehicles , a Mercur yMarqui s an d a For d Tempo , wer e chose n t o represen t differen t fue l tan k volume s an

d fue l consumptio n rates . Thre e fuel s wit h variou s Rei d Vapo r Pressure s (RV P o f approximatel y9.0 , 10.5 , an d 12.0 ) wer e evaluate d t o represen t bot h summe r an d winte r grad e gasolines
. Vehicl e evaluation s bega n wit h a ful l fue l tan k i n eac h case . Afte r abou t 5 0 mile s o f vehicl e operation , th e vehicl e wa s parke d an

d lef t t o soa k overnight
. Th e nex t day , a fue l sampl e wa s remove d fromth e fue l tan k fo r analysi s o f RVP an d boilin g poin t distri

bution
. Thi s procedur e wa s followe d unti l th e fue l tank wa s nearl yempty . Result s o f th e fue l analyse s wer e compare d t o vehicl e mile s driven , time , an d vapo r volum e remainin g i n th e fue l tank . II . SUMMARY Fo r th e tes t procedur e used , th e vapo r volume , mile s driven , an d tim e wer e show

n t o b e relate d t o eac h other . Bot h vehicle s responde d similarl yt o th e tes t procedure . I n general , th e RVP decrease d a n averag e o f 9 percen t a s th e fue l i n th e tank wa s consume d (o r vapo r volum e increased) , independen t o f th e fue l tested . Thi s reductio n i s base d o n a relativel yconstan t vehicl e mileag e pe r dayand fixe d tim e perio d fo r soak . Ther e wa s som e indicatio n tha t whe n th e vapo r volum e i s large , additiona l soa k time mayfurthe r reduc e th e RVP .

S A N ANTONIO , TEXA S WIT H OFFICE S I N HOUSTON . TEXA S A N D WASHINGTON . D. C

## P. 3 r -

« 1 

# *

III . PROCEDUR E 2 

# M\ , 

# • w r

Tw o vehicle s wer e chose n b yth e (then ) Projec t Office r Mr . Rober t J . Garbe . Thes e vehicle s wer e a 198 4 Mercur yMarqui s an d a 198 4 For d Tempo . Thes e tw o vehicle s wer e considere d representativ e o f fue l tank capacit yan

d fue l consumptio n fo r typica l vehicle s o n th e road . Complet e description s o f th e tw o tes t vehicle s ar e give n i n Tabl e 1 .

TABL E 1 . DESCRIPTION S O F TES T VEHICLE S Mode l Yea r Mak e an d Mode l Bod yTyp e Seria l Numbe r GVWR , k g (lbs ) 3 Engin e Displacement , I (in ) Fue l Tank Capacity , I (gal ) Chassi s Dynamomete r Setting s Inertia , k g (lbs ) Power , k W (hp ) 198 4 Mercur yMarqui s 4-D R 1MERP95F5E761144 1 240 4 (5330 ) 5. 0 (302 ) 68. 0 (18.0 )
192 8 (4250 ) 9. 5 (12.8 ) 198 4 For d Temp o 4-D R 1FABP22ROEK24175 0 166 0 (3660 ) 2. 3 (140 ) 58. 7 (15.5 )
130 4 (2875 ) 5. 1 (6.9 ) Evaporativ e emissio n test s wer e performe d o n th e Temp o an d Marqui s usin g Amoc o Indolen e moto r fuel . Propertie s o f thi s fue l ar e give n i n Tabl e 2 . Th e Tempo' s evaporativ e emission s wer e 1.6 6 g HC . Thi s valu e fall s belo w th e 2 g standard . Th e Marqui s di d no t initiall ypas s th e evaporativ e test . I n fact , th e evaporativ e emissio n tes t wa s abbreviate d afte r th e diurna l breathin g los s portio n yielde d 1 1 g . Investigatio n int o th e caus e fo r failur e indicate d a poor-sealin g ga s cap . Anothe r evaporativ e tes t wa s performed , an

d agai n th e Marqui s faile d du e t o th e excessiv e (2.2 6 g ) ho t soa k losse s (HSL) . Furthe r investigatio n usin g a H C analyze r an d prob e indicate d tha t th e sourc e o f th e emissio n wa s th e fue l lin e an d clam p jus t befor e th e carburetor . Alarger-than-require d rubbe r fue l lin e ha d bee n installe d an

d force d t o clam

p dow n o n th e fue l line
. A s th e fue l tank pressur e increased , fue l vapor s leake d pas t th e clamp . Th e correc t rubbe r lin e wa s installed , an d th e evaporativ e tes t wa s performe d wit h acceptabl e results . Result s o f th e evaporativ e test s ar e show n i n Tabl e 3 alon g wit h th e associate d FT P emissions
. Compute r printout s fo r th e emissio n test s ar e locate d i n Appendi x A , page s A- 2 through A-5 . Th e fue l describe d i n Tabl e 2 wa s use d a s th e firs t fue l fo r tes t base d o n it s RV P o f abou t 9 . Th e second an d thir d fuel s fo r tes t evalua

tio n wer e t o b e commercially-availabl e unleade d gasolines
. On e locally

availabl e unleade d gasolin e ha d a RV P o f 10.0 . Wit h Mr . Garbe' s approva l thi s gasolin e wa s dope d wit h n-butan e t o increas e it s RVP t o 10.5 , i nP. 4



## TABL E 2
. PROPERTIE S O FEMISSION S AN D DURABILIT Y FUE L

Supplie r

S Type : Amoc o Indolen e Moto r Fue l H

O III , Bran dNo
. 15211 , Sampl e DX-2408 0 SwR I Fue l Code : EM-598- F AST M Metho dResult s AP I Gravit y 0-28 7 56. 4 Distillation , ° FD-8 6 %RE C 

## "iii ? 5 1 0 i s 

## ) 2 0 3 0 4 0 S O 6 0 7 0 3 0 9 0 9 5 

## Sffl E Rei d Vapo r Pressur e Oxidatio n Stabilit yMinute s Gum , mg/10 0 m l (afte r Heptan e Wash ) TME L g lead/gal
. Sulfu r Weight , % Olefin , % Aromatic , % Saturates , % Octan e Researc h (Clear ) Phosphorus , g/gal
. Sensitivit y (Clear ) D-32 3 D-52 4 D-38 1 D-323 7 D-126 6 D-131 9 D-131 9 D-131 9 D-269 9 D-323 1 9 0 12 0 13 6 15 4 16 3 19 2 20 8 22 5 23 7 25 3 27 9 31 5 36 7 40 6 9 . 1 600 + 1. 0 0.00 2 0.00 5 2. 5 34. 7 62. 8 96. 6 .000 0

. 8. 3



## TABL E 3
. EVAPORATIV E AN D "3-BAG " FT P GASEOU S EMISSION S O N TEMP O AN D MARQUI S
Evaporativ e Emissions , g Gaseou s Emissions , g/m i Vehicl e Temp o Marqui s Marqui s Marqui s DBL a -



### 0.5 2

• 11.0 6 0.6 2 0.3 0 HSL b



### 1.1 4

2.2 6 1.1 3

diurna l breathin g los s b 

### ho t soa k los s TOTAL
1.6 6

2.8 8 1.4 4 H C

0.2 6 0.4 0 0.3 3 0.3 4 C O

5.0 2 3.4 7 2.9 4 2.3 4 0.5 6

1.3 4 1.2 3 1.2 3 Fue l

Economy , mp g
24. 1 16. 3 16. 2 16. 9

## P. 5



# orde r t o mee t th e secon d tes t fue l requirement
. Additiona l n-butan e wa s adde d t o anothe r batc h o f th e sam e 10* 0 RVP fue l t o rais e th e RVP t o 12. 0 a s require d fo r th e thir d tes t fuel . Al l fuel s an d fue l sample s wer e store d i n a "col d box " (abou t 60°F ) unti l read yfo r fuelin g o r analysis
. Th e procedur e use d t o evaluat e eac h fue l i s presente d i n Tabl e 4 . Eac h fue l sampl e withdrawn wa s code d fo r eas e o f identification
. Th e sampl e number s describ e th e car , fuel , run , an d tes t poin t a s follows : 1s t digi t = car : 1 fo r Marquis , 2 fo r Temp o 2n d digi t = fue l approximat e RVP : 09 , 10 , o r 1 2 4t h digi t - run number : 1 o r 2 5t h digi t = Tes t point : 0 fo r sampl e durin g fillup ,

1 fo r firs t sampl e withdrawn afte r 5 0 mile s drive n an

d 2 4 h r soak , 2 fo r second sampl e withdrawn afte r a n additiona l 5 0 mile s drive n an

d anothe r 2 4 h r soak , same patter n fo r 3 , 4 , an d 5 Example : 2091 3 means : Tempo , fue l wit h 9. 0 RVP , firs t run , 3r d sampl e withdrawn Th e percen t vapo r volum e fo r eac h vehicl e wa s calculate d usin g fue l tank capacity , sampl e extractio n volumes , an d th e fue l econom

yvalue s obtaine d durin g a "3-bag " FT P (obtaine d durin g th e evaporativ e emission s screenin g test) . Fue l tank fil l capacitie s wer e measure d b yfueling th e vehicle s t o th e to p o f th e fille r tub e whil e rockin g th e vehicle s slightly
. Thes e measurement s (18. 0 an d 15. 5 gallons , respectively , fo r th e Marqui s an

d Tempo ) indicate d th e maximu mvolum e o f fue l tha t coul d b e pu t int o th e tan k durin g evaluatio n o f th e tes t fuels . Th e vehicl e wa s the n raise d wit h a floo r jac k s o tha t th e tan k fille r tub e wa s th e highes t poin t i n th e system . Th e additiona l amoun t o f fue l adde d wa s measured , and considere d t o b e th e vapo r volum e o f th e fue l tank whe n th e tan k i s considere d "full " o f fuel . I n bot h vehicles , thi s vapo r volum e wa s approximatel y2 ounces ; o r abou t 0. 1 percen t o f th e entir e volum e o f eac h fue l tank . Fue l consumptio n durin g mileag e accumulatio n wa s calculate d b y applyin g th e EP A"fue l econom yestimat e fo r labelin g factor " o f 0. 9 (fo r FTP , pe r Federa l Register ) t o th e "3-bag " FT P exhaus t emissio n tes t fue l econom

yvalue . Th e volum e o f eac h sampl e remove d als o wa s considered
. Th e percen t vapo r volum e wa s calculate d usin g th e equatio n below : tota l mile s drive n tota l gallon s o f fue l Vapo r Volume , % = [ m 

# P g * °- 9 

# remove d fo r sample s tota l tan

k volume , gallon s

## P. 6



# TABL E 4 . PROCEDUR E FO R FUE L SAMPLIN G AND MILEAG E ACCUMULATION O NMARQUI S AND TEMP O

1 . Remov e fue l fromfue l tan k b ypumpin g a s muc h ou t a s possible
. 2 . Ad d abou t 1 gallo n o f th e tes t fuel . Tes t fue l shoul d alway s b e store d i n col d box . 3 . Repea t Ste p 1 . 4 . Fil l fue l tan

k wit h tes t fuel . Afte r tank i s filled , fil l 1/ 2 gallo n sampl e can . Ta g sampl e ca n wit h correc t label . Se e Bruc e Bykowsk i fo r information
. 5 . Par k vehicl e i n designate d shade d area . Recor d odomete r mileag e an d dat e o n dat a for

mnex t t o correc t sampl e number . 6 . Drive r wil l driv e th e Marqui s first
. Onl yon e la p (1 0 legs ) o f th e MVM Adrivin g cours e i s t o b e driven
. Th e Marqui s i s the n t o b e place d bac k i n th e designate d shade d storag e are a fo r abou t 2 4 hours . 7 . Drive r i s t o driv e th e Temp o next . Sam e procedur e a s Ste p 6 . 8 . Th e nex t day , befor e th e drive r start s vehicle , remov e 1/ 2 gallo n sampl e fromeac h vehicle' s fue l tank an d labe l sampl e ca n wit h prope r sampl e numbe r (se e dat a form) . I n addition , recor d dat e an d odomete r o n dat a form . 9 . Repea t Step s 6 , 7 , an d 8 unti l ther e i s insufficien t fue l i n th e fue l tan k t o allo w fo r anothe r run o n th e MVM Adrivin g course . 10 . Se e Bruc e Bykowsk i t o obtai n nex t fue l fo r test .

## P. 7



# Th e vehicle s alway s wer e soake d i n a n outside , shade d area . Onl y durin g mileag e accumulatio n wer e th e vehicle s expose d t o direc t sunlight
. I f th e vehicl e coul d no t b e teste d o n consecutiv e days , i t wa s store d insid e a n ai r conditione d buildin g (76°F ) t o minimiz e temperatur e effects . Th e ambien t temperature s a t whic h th e vehicle s an d fue l wer e soakin g durin g eac h 24-hou r perio d wer e recorded . Originally , a on e gallo n fue l sampl e wa s t o b e withdraw n a t eac h tes t poin t fo r analysis ; bu t extractin g a on e gallo n sampl e fromth e Marqui s woul d hav e reduce d th e availabl e fue l fo r mileag e accumulatio n t o th e exten t tha t onl ya fe w tes t point s woul d b e available
. I t wa s determine d tha t a t leas t 6 tes t point s woul d b e neede d t o mee t th e origina l contrac t tes t pla n requirements
. Therefore , 1/ 2 gallo n sample s wer e remove d fo r analysis
. Removin g 1/ 2 gallo n sample s fromth e Marqui s yielde d 6 tes t points , bu t 7 tes t point s resulte d o n th e Temp o (i.e. , anothe r day' s mileag e accumulatio n coul d b e performe d t o reduc e th e fue l i n th e fue l tank) . I t wa s considere d desirabl e tha t fo r consistenc ypurposes , bot h vehicle s shoul d b e subjecte d t o simila r mileag e accumulation , soa k periods , simila r increas e i n percen t vapo r volume s t o compar e th e effect s o f fue l tank capacitie s an

d othe r vehicl e hardwar e differences
. Afte r th e experienc e gaine d fromth e firs t run wit h th e firs t fuel , subsequen t sampl e removal s wer e 1 gallo n fo r th e Temp o an d 1/ 2 gallo n fo r th e Marquis
. Thi s resulte d i n th e same numbe r o f sample s reflectin g simila r vapo r volume s subjecte d t o identica l drivin g an d soa k conditions
. IV . RESULT S Afte r eac h fue l wa s evaluated , a sampl e o f th e Amoc o Indolen e wa s code d an

d submitte d fo r analysi s i n orde r t o obtai n statistic s o n th e variabilit yo f th e analytica l procedures . Th e result s o f thes e periodi c check s ar e give n i n Tabl e 5 . I f i t i s assume d tha t covarianc e exist s betwee n al l thre e fuel s analyze d o n th e sam e instrumen t an d procedure , the n th e standar d deviatio n determine d fro mrunnin g th e bas e fue l (Indolene ) periodicall yca n b e applie d t o othe r fuel s t o determin e confidenc e limit s (for 95 % confidenc e limit , X ± 2s) . Th e tes t result s fo r eac h vehicle , fuel , an d run ar e presente d i n Table s 6 throug h 11 . Table s 1 2 and 1 3 presen t th e average s o f th e individua l run s fo r eac h vehicl e an d fuel . Reduction s i n RVP wer e asso ciate d wit h increase d vapo r volume s independen t o f th e fue l o r vehicle
. Typically , a 9 percen t reductio n i n RVP wa s observed . Thes e reduction s ca n no t b e explaine d b

yanalytica l procedur e variabilit ya s show n i n Tabl e 5 , an d therefor e ar e probabl yreal . I n some case s th e lowe r boilin g point s o f th e distillatio n suppor t a los s i n som e ligh t ends , bu t thes e trend s ma yonl yreflec t variabilit yi n th e distillatio n procedur e (Tabl e 5) . Fo r th e mos t part , th e fue l tes t samplin g wa s performe d o n consecutiv e days . Thi s procedur e expose d th e remainin g fue l i n th e tan k t o th e asso ciate d percen t vapo r volum e fo r onl ya 2 4 hou r period
. Durin g th e firs t run o n th e firs t fuel , Tabl e 7 , whe n th e mileag e accumulatio n an d fue l sampl e extractio n volume s wer e bein g finalized , th e Temp o ha d t o wai t 4 day s befor e th e las t fue l sampl e wa s removed . Durin g thes e 4 day s th e percen t vapo r volum e wa s 9 9 percen t (i.e. , fue l tan k almos t empty) . I n compariso n t o th e repea t ru n o n thi s fue l (wher e onl ya 24-hou r soa k

## TABL E 5 . VARIABILIT Y O F ThK RV P AN D BOILING POINT DISTILLATIO NANALYTICA L PROCEDURE S

Sampl e No . EM-598- F 1091 0 2091 0
1092 0 2092 0 1093 0
2093 0 2095 0 Dat e

6-26-8 4 7-6-8 4 7-6-8 4
7-17-8 4 7-17-8 4 7-27-8 4
8-10-8 4 8-19-8 4

X ~
s RV P

ps i 9. 1 9.0 7 8.9 3
9.0 1 8.5 5 8.9 4
8.8 8 8.9 0
8.9 2 0.17 0 Boilin g Range , AST M D8 6 IB P 9 0 8 5 8 2
8 6 8 1 8 9
9 1 9 5
8 7 4.7 5 5 % 12 0 11 5 10 3
10 9 10 8 11 5
11 6 11 5
11 3 5.4 8 10 %

13 6 13 4 12 4
12 8 12 5 13 5
13 5 13 2
13 1 4.7 9 15 %

15 4 15 3 14 0
144 13 9 15 1
15 2 14 9
14 8 5.9 5 20 % 16 3 16 7 15 2
15 9 15 3 16 5
16 6 16 5
16 1 5.9 2 30 % 19 2 19 2 18 0
18 8 18 3 19 1
19 2 19 0
18 9 4.6 0 40 %

20 8 20 9 20 1
20 8 20 2 21 0
21 0 20 9
20 7 3.5 6 50 %

22 5 22 4 21 6
22 4 21 7 22 5
22 5 22 3
22 2 3.7 0 60 %

23 7 23 6 23 3
23 7 23 0 23 9
23 8 23 5
23 6 2.9 3 o p 70 % 25 3 25 5 25 0
25 6 24 4 25 4
25 3 25 4
25 2 3.0 2 80 % 27 9 27 9 27 3
27 7 26 9 27 7
27 8 27 7
27 6 3.4 4 90 %

31 5 32 5 30 8
31 6 30 6 31 9
31 7 31 7
31 5 6.0 2 95 % 36 7 36 3 344
35 9 34 2 35 6
35 5 35 8
35 6 8.6 4 E P 42 6 39 7 38 8
42 6 394 43 7
42 8 41 2
41 4 L8.4 .

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occurred) , th e RVP associate d wit h thi s tes t poin t wa s considerabl y lowe r an

d severa l o f th e distillatio n boilin g point s wer e highe r (e.g . RV P reduce d from8.0 3 t o 6.28 , IB P increase d from9 2 t o 102°F) . Thre e ou t o f th e fou r soa k day s wer e indoor s a t 76°F . Onl yo n th e las t day di d a 24-hou r outsid e soa k tak e place . Asimila r situatio n occurre d durin g th e second ru n wit h th e firs t fue l o n bot h vehicles
. A4 da ytim e perio d occurre d betwee n tw o tes t points
. Thes e tes t points , shown i n Table s 6 and 7 , occurre d betwee n 4 1 and 5 9 percen t vapo r volume s (i.e. , fue l tank abou t on e hal f full ) . Amarke d reductio n i n RV P wa s no t notice d betwee n thes e tw o points , eve n thoug h th e soa k perio d and condition s wer e simila r t o th e firs t ru n a t 9 9 percen t vapo r volume . Fro mthi s limite d data , i t migh t b e conjecture d tha t a larg e vapo r volum e i n conjunctio n wit h a n extende d soa k perio d (no t necessaril yhig h ambien t temperatures ) wil l yiel d th e greates t reductio n i n fue l RVP . Th e dat a i n Table s 6 throug h 1 1 wer e subjecte d t o a bivariat e correlatio n procedur e t o yiel d Pearso n correlatio n coefficients
. Base d o n th e ra w data , i t appeare d tha t bot h vehicle s responde d similarl yt o th e weatherin g procedure , and therefore , dat a fro mbot h wer e combine d fo r eac h fuel . Combinin g th e vehicl e dat a resulte d i n a large r populatio n o f tes t points , an d therefore , a bette r representatio n o f th e weatherin g effect s independen t o f th e vehicle
. Compute r printout s o f th e Pearso n correlatio n coefficient s fo r al l variable s and eac h fue l ar e locate d i n Appendi x A . A s expected , percen t vapo r volum e wa s highl ycorrelate d wit h tim e betwee n tes t point s and mile s driven
. Therefore , comparison s betwee n percen t vapo r volum e and fue l propert ychange s woul d b e simila r i f tim e o r mileag e wer e substitute d fo r percen t vapo r volume . Tabl e 14 '

TABL E 14 . PEARSO NCORRELATIO NCOEFFICIENT S FO R PERCENT VAPO R VOLUM E Correlatio n wit h Percen t Vapo r Volum e R V P 

# ' IB P 5 % pt . 10 % pt . 15 % pt . 20 % pt . -0.676 8 0.728 3 0.610 2 0.511 8 0.458 9 0.459 0 -0.850 2 0.147 6 0.482 4 0.474 7 0.397 7 0.366 3 -0.890 0 -.535 2 -.526 7 0.580 6 0.583 1 0.641 7
contain s som e o f th e Pearso n correlatio n coefficient s extracte d fromth e complet e printout s i n Appendi x A . Coefficient s les s tha n 0.70 , correspond

ing t o a square d correlatio n coefficien t o f <0.4 9 (i.e. , <49 % explaine d variability) , woul d no t b e considere d t o represen t an ysignifican t trends . Fo r th e mos t part , onl yRV P show s an ypotentia l fo r a relationshi p wit h percen t vapo r volume . A s th e distillatio n boilin g point s increase , th e correlatio n coefficient s decrease . Fue l No . 1 2 3 RV P

lb/in 2 

# 9. 0 10. 5 12. 0

### P.1 5 

# 1 4

Scattergram s wer e ru n o n al l fuel s and vehicle s fo r a variet yo f variables
. Mos t o f thes e scattergram s wer e ru n i n orde r t o graphicall y sho w th e dispersio n o f tes t point s around a lin e drawn t o bes t fi t th e data . Th e fi t o f th e dat a t o tha t lin e i s reflecte d b yth e Pearso n correlatio n coefficient
. Th e dat a se t plotte d o n eac h scattergram i s code d fo r simplicity , an d i s easil yidentified
. Fo r example , th e dat a se t identifie d a s "grou p MAR09R2 " mean s Marqui s (MAR) , fuele d wit h RV P o f approximatel y9 (09) , an d th e tes t wa s th e secon d ru n (R2) . Scatter

gram s fo r RV P o f th e thre e fuel s versu s percen t vapo r volum e ar e give n a s Figure s 1 throug h 3 . Figur e 1 clearl yshow s th e poin t wher e a n extende d soa k tim e i n conjuctio n wit h a hig h percen t vapo r volum e i n th e Tempo' s tank , yielde d th e lowes t RVP . Thi s singl e poin t affecte d th e linea r fi t o f th e dat a a s reflecte d i n th e correlatio n coefficient
. Figure s 2 and 3 als o sho w a goo d fi t o f th e data . Figure s 4 through 8 ar e scattergram s o f IBP , 5 , 10 , 15 , an d 2 0 percen t distillatio n point s versu s percen t vapo r volum e fo r th e firs t fuel . A s th e distillatio n poin t (percen t o f fue l distilled ) increased , th e scatte r o f th e dat a increased
. Thi s resul t woul d b e expecte d i f i t i s assume d tha t weather

ing woul d reduc e th e presenc e o f th e ligh t end s whil e th e heavie r end s remai n essentiall yunaffected . Simila r trend s wer e note d fo r th e othe r tw o fuels . Fo r th e othe r tw o fuels , scattergram s fo r thes e boilin g point s ar e locate d i n Appendi x A . A t th e reques t o f th e Branc h Technica l Represen
tativ e Mrs . Am

yBrochu , scattergram s o f RVP , IBP , 5 , 10 , 15 , an d 2 0 percen t boilin g point s versu s mile s travele d ar e presente d i n Appendi x B , an d thes e sam e variable s versu s day s (soa k time ) a s Appendi x C . V . RECOMMENDATION S Base d o n thi s limite d stud yand statistica l analysis , i t appear s tha t fue l doe s indee d weathe r i n th e fue l tank . Mos t noticeabl yaffecte d i s th e fue l RVP . T o a lesse r degree , som e change s i n IB P and perhap s th e 5 an d 1 0 percen t boilin g point s ma yoccur . On e are a tha t need s additiona l investigatio n i s th e effec t o f tim e versu s percen t vapo r volume . Anothe r are a fo r possibl e investigatio n woul d b e t o determin e i f vehicl e operatio n an d fuelin g level s hav e an yeffect s o n RVP changes . Submitte d by : Approve d by :



# " v^AMr ^ %$h»*J<}

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Kar l v/ J Springe r / Bruc e B . Bykowsk i Researc h Scientis t Directo r Departmen t o f Emission s Researc h Departmen t o f Emission s Researc h 

# G o V&Au 5, iVk

. Charle s T . Har e Manager , Advance d Technology Departmen t o f Emission s Researc h

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VAPOR VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P FOR GROU P MAR09R 1 SYMBOL= A VARIABL E 4 Z

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# APPENDI X A

• FT P Emissio n Tes t Result s

• Pearso n Correlatio n Coefficients , Al l 3 Fuels , Al l Variable s

• Scattergram s o f IBP , 5% , 10% , 15% , an d 20 % Boilin g Point s Versu s Percen t Vapo r Volum e Fo r Bot h Vehicles , Fuel s 2 an d 3 .

## SOUTHWES T RESEARC H INSTITUT E T 

## DEPARTMEN T O F EMISSION S RESEARC H FT P - VEHICLE EMISSION S RESULT S - A S RECEIVE D

PROJEC T 03-7773-30 4 TES T NO . TEM0 2 RU N 1 VEHICLE MODE L 8 4 FOR D TEMP O ENGIN E 2. 3 L(140 . CID ) L- 4 TRANSMISSIO N

A 3 VEHICL E N0.B 2 DAT E 6/21/8 4 BA G CAR T NO . 1 DYN O NO . 3 CV S NO . 2 TES T WEIGH T 1304 . KG ( 2875 . LBS ) ACTUA L ROA D LOA D 5. 1 KW ( 6. 9 HP ) GASOLIN E EM-598- F ODOMETE R 4138 . KM ( 2571 . MILES )

BAROMETE R 743.2 0 M M HGC29.2 6 I

N HG ) RELATIV E HUMIDIT Y 53 . PC T BA G RESULT S BA G NUMBE R DESCRIPTIO N BLOWE R DI F P MM . H20CIN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T P MM . H20(IN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T TEMP . DEG . CCOEG . F ) BLOWE R REVOLUTION S TO T FLO

W STD . CU . METRES(SCF ) TH C SAMPL E METER/RANGE/PP M THC BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP M SAMPL E METER/RANGE/PP M BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP M C0 2 SAMPL E METER/RANGE/PC T C0 2 BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PC T NO X SAMPL E METER/RANGE/PP M NO X BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP M DILUTIO N

FACTO R TH C CONCENTRATIO N PP M C O CONCENTRATIO N PP M C0 2 CONCENTRATIO N PC T NO X CONCENTRATIO N

PP M TH C MAS S GRAM S C O MAS S GRAM S CO 2 MAS S GRAM S NO X MAS S GRAM S DR Y BUL B TEMP . 25. 6 DE G CC78. 0 DE G F ) ABS . HUMIDIT Y 11. 1 GM/K G NO X HUMIDIT Y CORRECTIO N FACTO R 1.0 1

I t o 

## CO C O

TH C GRAMS/M I CO GRAMS/M I C0 2 GRAMS/M I NO X GRAMS/M I FUE L ECONOM Y I

N MP G RU N TIM E MEASURE D DISTANC E SCF , DR Y SECOND S M l
COMPOSIT E RESULT S TES T NUMBE R TEM0 2 BAROMETE R M

M H G 743. 2 HUMIDIT Y G/K G 11. 1 TEMPERATUR E DE G C 25. 6 OL D TRANSIEN T 812. 8 (32.0 ) 812. 8 (32.0 ) 43. 9 ( 1 11.0 ) 40573 . 75. 0 ( 2649. ) 86.5 / 2 / 87 . 16.8 / 2 / 17 . 35.5 / 3 / 839 . .27 3 / 5 . 96.5/11 / .999 9 7.6/11 / .043 9 62.0 / 1 / 18. 4 .9 / 1 / . 3 12.3 0 71 . 804 . .959 6 18. 2 3.0 7 70.2 3 1317. 9 2.6 5 .8 6 19.6 6 369. 0 .7 4 22.0 3 507 . 3.5 7 .97 4 STABILIZE D

812. 8 (32.0 ) 812. 8 (32.0 ) 43. 3 (110.0 ) 69463 . 128. 5 ( 4539. ) 19.0 / 2 / 19 . 16.2 / 2 / 16 . 9.8/13 / 9 . .9/13 / 1 . 73.7/11 / .652 0 7.5/11 / .043 3 23.2 / 1 / 6. 9 1.1 / 1 / . 3 20.4 7 4 . 8 . .610 8 6. 6 .2 7 1.1 7 1437. 6 1.6 4 .0 7 .3 1 374. 3 .4 3 23.6 5 868 . 3.8 4 .97 7
CARBO N HO T TRANSIEN T

812. 8 (32.0 ) 812. 8 (32.0 ) 43. 3 ( 1 10.0 ) 40513 . 75. 0 ( 2647. ) 29.0 / 2 / 29 . 15.1 / 2 / 15 . 56.4/12 / 122 . .3/12 / 1 . 90.1/11 / .889 7 7.3/11 / .042 1 55.9 / 1 / 16. 6 1.0 / 1 / . 3 14.8 2 15 . 117 . .850 5 16. 4 .6 4 10.2 5 1167. 4 2.3 8 .1 8 2.8 5 325. 1 .6 6 26.8 6 506 . 3.5 9 .97 5
DIOXID E G/M I FUE L ECONOM Y MP G HYDROCARBON S (THC ) G/M I CARBO N OXIDE S MONOXID E G/M I

O F NITROGE N

G/M I 3-BA G 359. 7 24.0 7 .2 6 5.0 2 .5 6 (4-BAG )

0.0 ) [ 0.00 ) ( 0.00 ) 0.00 ) 0.00 )

r

o

## SOUTHWES T RESEARCH INSTITUT E - DEPARTMEN T O F EMISSION S RESEARCH FT P - VEHICLE EMISSION S RESULT S - A S RECEIVE D PROJEC T 03-7773-30 4 TES T NO . MAR0 1 RU N 1 VEHICLE MODE

L 8 4 MERCUR

Y MAROUI S ENGIN E 4. 9 L(302 . CID ) V- 8 TRANSMISSIO

N L 3
BAROMETE

R 743.4 6 M

M HG(29.2 7 I

N HG ) RELATIV E HUMIDITY 63 . PC T BA G RESULT S BA G NUMBE R DESCRIPTIO

N BLOWE R DI F P MM . H20(IN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T P MM . H20(IN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T TEMP . DEG . C(DEG . F ) BLOWE R REVOLUTION S TO T FLO W STD . CU . METRES(SCF ) TH C SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PP M TH C BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP

M C O SAMPL

F METER/RANGE/PP

M C O BCKGR

D METER/RANGE/PP

M C0 2 SAMPL

E METER/RANGE/PC T C0 2 BCKGR

D METER/RANGE/PC T NO X SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PP M > NO X BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP

M J j DILUTIO

N FACTO R TH C CONCENTRATIO

N PP M C O CONCENTRATIO

N PP M C0 2 CONCENTRATIO

N PC T NO X CONCENTRATIO

N PP M TH C MAS S GRAMS C O MAS S GRAMS C0 2 MAS S GRAMS NO X MAS S GRAMS TH C GRAMS/MI C O GRAMS/MI C0 2 GRAMS/MI NO X GRAMS/M

I FUE L ECONOM

Y I N MP G RU N TIM E SECOND S MEASURED DISTANC E M l •SCF , DR Y COMPOSIT E RESULT S TES T NUMBE

R MAR0 1 BAROMETE

R M M H G 743. 5 HUMIDIT Y G/K

G 12. 4 TEMPERATUR

E DE G C 24. 4 VEHICL E N0.B 1 DAT E 6/21/8 4 BA G CAR T NO . 1 DYN O NO . 3 CV S NO . 2 DR Y BULB TEMP . 24. 4 DE G C(76. 0 DE

G F ) ABS. HUMIDITY 12. 4 GM/K G 1 COL D TRANSIEN

T 812. 8 (32.0 ) 812. 8 (32.0 ) 43. 3 (110.0 ) 40750 . 75. 4 ( 2664. ) 76.1 / 2 / 76 . 18.2 / 2 / 18 . 75.4/11 / 330 . .1/11 / 0 . 81.5 / 3/1.500 8 3.1 / 3 / .047 4 49.8 / 2 / 49. 8 .2 / 2 / . 2 8.7 0 60 . 314 . 1.45B 8 49. 6 2.6 1 27.5 4 2014. 9 7.5 7 .7 2 7.6 4 559. 2 2.1 0 15.4 6 509 . 3,6 0 .96 6 STABILIZE D

812. 8 (32 . 812. 8 (32 . 43. 9 (11 1 69458 . 0 )

0 ) .0 ) 128. 5 < 4536. ) 28.6 / 2 / 17.4 / 2 / 51.5/13 / .5/13 / 55.1 / 3 / 3.2 / 3 / 52.8 / 1 / .4 / 1 / 13.7 6 12 . 46 . .920 8 15. 6 .9 2 6.9 4 2165. 7 4.0 5 .2 4 1.7 8 556. 3 1.0 4 15.8 4 867 . 3.8 9 .97 1 29 . 17 . 49 . 0 . .966 3 ,049 0 5. 7

. 1 

## TES T WEIGHT 1928 .

ACTUA L ROA D LOA D GASOLIN E EM-598- F ODOMETE R 29092 . KM(18077 . MILES )

KG ( 4250 . LBS ) 9. 5 KW ( 12. 8 HP )

NO X HUMIDITY CORRECTIO N FACTO R 1.0 6
HO T TRANSIEN

T 812. 8 (32.0 ) 812. 8 (32.0 ) 43. 9 (111.0 ) 40517 . 74. 9 ( 2646. ) 52.9 / 2 / 53 . 17.2 / 2 / 17 . 67.7/12 / 153 . .4/12 / 1 . 72.7 / 3/1.319 3 3.4 / 3 / .052 1 31.7 / 2 / 31. 7 .2 / 2 / . 2 10.0 1 37 . 145 . 1.272 4 31. 5 1.6 2 12.6 5 1745. 6 4.7 8 .4 5 3.5 2 485. 9 1.3 3 17.9 9 506 . 3.5 9 .96 8
CARBO N DIOXID E G/M

I FUE L ECONOM

Y MP

G HYDROCARBON S (THC ) G/M I CARBO N MONOXIDE G/M

I OXIDE S O

F NITROGE

N G/MI 3-BA G 537. 6 16.2 9 .4 0 3.4 7 1.3 4 (4-BAG )

0.0 ) 0.00 ) 0.00 ) 0.00 ) 0.00 )

### SOUTHWES T RESEARC H INSTITUT E - DEPARTMEN T O F EMISSION S RESEARC H FT P - VEHICL E EMISSION S RESULT S - A S RECEIVE D

PROJEC T 03-7773-30 4 TES T NO . MAR0 3 RU N 2 VEHICL E MODE L 8 4 MERCUR Y MAROUI S ENGIN E 4. 9 L(302 . CID ) V- 8 TRANSMISSIO N L 3 VEHICL E N0.B 1 DAT E 6/23/8 4 BA G CAR T NO . 1 DYN O NO . 3 CV S NO . 2 TES T WEIGH T 1928 . ACTUA L ROA D LOA D GASOLIN E EM-598- F ODOMETE R 13018 . KM ( KG ( 4250 . LBS ) 9 . 5 KW ( 12. 8 HP ) 8089 . MILES )
BAROMETE R 742.1 9 MM HG(29.2 2 I N HG ) RELATIV E HUMIDIT Y 67 . PC T BA G RESULT S BA G NUMBE R D E SCR IPT I O N BLOWE R DI F P MM . H20(IN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T P MM . H20MN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T TEMP . DEG . C(DEG . F ) .BLOWE R REVOLUTION S DR Y BUL B TEMP . 24. 4 DE G C(76. 0 DE G F ) ABS . HUMIDIT Y 13. 2 GM/K G NO X HUMIDIT Y CORRECTIO N FACTO R 1.0 9



# > I _ - > TO T TH C TH C C O C O CO 2 C O 2 NO X NO X FLO W STD . CU . METRES(SCF ) SAMPL E METER/RANGE/PP M

METER/RANGE/PP M METER/RANGE/PP M METER/RANGE/PP M METER/RANGE/PC T METER/RANGE/PC T METER/RANGE/PP M METER/RANGE/PP M BCKGR D SAMPL E BCKGR D SAMPL E BCKGR D SAMPL E BCKGR D DILUTIO N FACTO R TH C CONCENTRATIO N PP M C O CONCENTRATIO N PP M C0 2 CONCENTRATIO N PC T NO X CONCENTRATIO N PP M TH C MAS S GRAM S C O MAS S GRAM S C0 2 MAS S GRAM S NO X MAS S GRAM S TH C GRAMS/M I C O GRAMS/M I C0 2 GRAMS/M I NO X GRAMS/M I FUE L ECONOM Y I N MPG RU N TIM E SECOND S MEASURE D DISTANC E M l SCF , DR Y COMPOSIT E RESULT S TES T NUMBE R MAR0 3 BAROMETE R M

M H G 742. 2 HUMIDIT Y G/K G 13. 2 TEMPERATUR E DE G C 24. 4 OL D TRANSIEN T 812. 8 (32 . 812. 8 (32 . 43. 3 (11 0 40680 . 0 )

0 ) . 0 ) 75. 2 ( 2654. ) 78.6 / 2 / 15.5 / 2 / 7 9 .

1 6 . 76.6/11 /

338 . .9/11 / 83.7 / 3/1 . 3.4 / 3 / . 3 . 546 6 052 1 44.3 / 2 / 44. 3 . 4 / 2 / 8.4 5 6 5 . 319 . 1.500 6 43. 9 2.8 1 27.8 8 2065. 1 6.8 7 . 7 7 7.6 7 568. 1 1.8 9 15.2 2 508 . 3.6 4 .96 4



## . . 4 STABILIZE D 81 2 81 2 4 3 12 8 2 3 . 14 . 4 6 , 1 . 5 5 . 3 . 4 6 , 4 

### . 8 (32 ,

. 8 (32 .

. 0 ) . 0 )

. 3 ( 110.0 ) 69340 .

. 1 ( 4 524. ) 5 / 2 / 3 / 2 / 1/13 / 8/13 / 7 / 3 / 6 / 3 / 3 / 1 / 5 / 1 / 13.6 1 1 0 . 4 0 . .926 9 13. 6 . 7 6 5.9 7 2174. 1 3.6 3 . 1 9 1.5 3 556. 0 . 9 3 15.8 6 867 . 3.9 1 .96 9 2 4 .

1 4 . 4 3 . 2 . ,978 0 .055 2 3 . 8

. 1

CARBO N HO

T 81 2 81 2 4 2 7 4 3 2 . 1 2 . 9 0 . 1 . 7 4 . 3 . 3 0 ,



## . TRANSIEN T

. 8 (32.0 )

. 8 (32.0 ) 1. 3 ( 110.0 ) 40509 .

. 8 ( 2643. ) 4 / 2 / 32 . 4 / 2 / 12 . 0/13 / 91 . ,6/13 / 1 . 4 / 3/1.354 2 4 / 3 / .052 1 5 / 2 / 30. 5 . 3 / 2 / . 3 9.8 1 2 1 . 8 5 . 1.307 4 30. 2 . 9 2 7.4 0 1791. 5 4.7 0 . 2 5 2.0 2 490. 1 1.2 9 17.9 5 506 . 3.6 6 .96 6
DIOXID E G/M I FUE L ECONOM Y HYDROCARBON S CARBO N OXIDE S MP G

(THC ) G/M I MONOXID E G/M I O F NITROGE N G/M I 

## .

3-BA G 540. 4 16.2 4 . 3 3 2.9 4 1.2 3 (4-BAG )

( 0.0 ) ( 0.00 ) ( 0.00 ) < 0.00 ) ( 0.00 )

r o sl

## SOUTHWES T RESEARCH INSTITUT E - DEPARTMEN T O F EMISSION S RESEARCH FTP - VEHICLE EMISSION S RESULT S - A S RECEIVE D REPEA

T PROJEC T 03-7774-30 4 TES T NO . MAR0 4 RU N 3 VEHICLE MODEL 8 4 MERCUR Y MAROUI S ENGIN E 4. 9 L(302 . CID ) V- 8 TRANSMISSIO

N L 3
BAROMETE

R 739.6 5 M

M HG(29.1 2 I

N HG ) RELATIV E HUMIDITY 63 . PC T BA G RESULT S BA G NUMBE R DESCRIPTIO N 

## BLOWE R DI F P MM . H20(IN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T P MM . H20(IN . H20 ) BLOWE R INLE T TEMP . DEG . C(DEG . F ) BLOWE R REVOLUTION S TOT FLO W STD . CU . METRES(SCF ) TH C SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PP M TH C BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP

M C O SAMPL

E METER/RANGE/PP

M C O BCKGR

D METER/RANGE/PP

M C0 2 SAMPL

E METER/RANGE/PC T C0 2 BCKGR

D METER/RANGE/PC T NO X SAMPLE METER/RANGE/PP M NO X BCKGR D METER/RANGE/PP

M DILUTIO N FACTO R TH C CONCENTRATIO

N PP M C O CONCENTRATIO

N PP M C0 2 CONCENTRATIO

N PC T NO X CONCENTRATIO

N PP M TH C MAS S GRAMS C O MAS S GRAMS C0 2 MAS S GRAMS NO X MAS S GRAMS VEHICL E N0.B 1 DATE 6/26/8 4 BA G CART NO . 1 DYN O NO . 3 CVS NO . 2 DR Y BULB TEMP . 25. 0 DE G C(77. 0 DE

G F ) ABS. HUMIDITY 13. 0 GM/K G TES T WEIGHT 1928 .

ACTUA L ROA D LOA D GASOLIN E EM-598- F ODOMETE R 13055 . KM ( KG (

9. 5 4250 . LBS ) KW ( 12. 8 HP ) 8112 . MILES )

NO X HUMIDITY CORRECTIO N FACTO R 1.0 8

I

TH C GRAMS/MI C O GRAMS/M

I C0 2 GRAMS/M

I NO X GRAMS/M

I FUE L ECONOM

Y I N MP G RU N TIM E SECOND S MEASURE D DISTANC E M

l SCF , DR Y OMPOSIT E RESULT S TES T NUMBE R MAR0 4 BAROMETE R MM H G 739. 6 HUMIDIT Y G/K G 13. 0 TEMPERATUR E DE G C 25. 0 

## OL D TRANSIEN

T 812. 8 (32.0 ) 812. 8 (32.0 ) 43. 3 (110.0 ) 40651 . 74. 8 ( 2642. ) 73.3 / 2 / 73 . 12.7 / 2 / 13 . 67.5/11 / 279 . .6/11 / 2 . 80.8 / 3/1.486 3 2.7 / 3 / .041 3 43.3 / 2 / 43. 3 .3 / 2 / . 3 8.8 1 62 . 264 . 1.449 7 43. 0 2.6 8 23.0 1 1986. 1 6.6 5 .7 5 6.4 1 553. 2 1.8 5 15.6 8 507 . 3.5 9 .96 6 STABILIZE D 812. 8 (3 2 812. 8 (3 2 .0 )

.0 ) 43. 3 (110.0 ) 69506 . 127. 9 ( 4518. ) 2 0 1 2 2 1 1 5 3 3 43 . .9 / 2 / .3 / 2 / .9/13 / .4/13 / .4 / 3 / .3 / 3 / ,2 / 1 / .4 / 1 / 14.3 0 9 . 18 . .886 0 12. 7 .7 0 2.6 9 2075. 5 3.3 7 .1 8 .6 9 536. 5 .8 7 16.4 8 867 . 3.8 7 .97 1 21 . 12 . 20 . 1 . .933 0 .050 5 12. 8

. 1

CARBO N HO

T 81 2 81 2 4 3 7 4 38 . 11 . 48 . • 70 . 3 . 33 . •

DIOXID E FUE L ECONOM

Y TRANSIEN

T

. 8 (32.0 )

. 8 (32.0 )

. 3 (110.0 ) 40538 .
. 6 ( 2635. ) 1 / 2 / 38 . 7 / 2 / 12 . 9/12 / 103 . 6/12 / 1 . 3 / 3/1.270 3 1 / 3 / .047 4 6 / 2 / 33. 6 1 / 2 / . 1 10.4 4 28 . 98 . 1.227 4 33. 5 1.1 8 8.4 8 1676. 8 5.1 6 .3 3 2.3 7 469. 4 1.4 5 18.7 0 506 . 3.5 7 .96 8 G/M

I MP G HYDROCARBON S (THC ) G/M I CARBO N OXIDE S MONOXIDE G/M I O F NITROGE

N G/M I 3-BA

G 52 1 . 6 16.8 5 .3 4 2.3 4 1.2 3 (4-BAG )

0.0 ) 0.00 ) [ 0.00 ) 0.00 ) 0.00 )I 

## FIL E

DAY S MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IB P BP 5 U P 1 0 BP1 5 BP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BPO O 8P9 0 DP9 5 

# E P TMA X THI N TAV O FUE L (CREATIONBAT E = 84/07 >

• - - - -
BAY S 1.000 0 .752 7 

# .9A60 -.754 7 .762 7 .632 5 .507 7 .473 7 .443 6 .453 4 .375 3 .058 7 .350 4 .175 3 .200 5 -.154 1 -.445 3 .121 6 .465 2 .449 6 .515 7 •PE AR
MILE S .752 7 1.000 0 .989 4 -.717 2 ,767 9 .641 2 .524 0 .465 7 .453 8 .405 6 .405 0 .078 5 .357 3 .167 7 .202 4 -.172 9 -.520 2 .156 8 .529 4 .507 7 .568 6 S O NC
VAFVG L .946 0 .787 4 1.000 0 -.676 8 .728 3 .610 2 .511 8 .458 7 .457 0 .400 7 .389 7 .082 3 .374 4 .200 1 .228 2 .154 5 .523 4 .143 3 .528 3 .500 1 .563 5 '25. ) VOLATILIT Y S " 0 R R E L 

# RV P -.754 9 -.717 2 .676 8 l.OCC O .813 6 .525 1 -.275 1 -.301 2 .215 4 -.402 3 -.233 1 .008 4 .108 2 .088 2 .010 6 .130 7 .404 4 -.257 2 -.351 6 -.284 8 -.367 8 AT I 0 N 

# IB P .762 7 .767 9 .728 3 .813 6 1.000 0 .669 5 .483 7 .454 0 .421 2 .477 7 .470 7 .262 5 .316 1 .104 3 .036 6 .070 1 .332 2 .472 1 .553 2 .508 7 .561 9 rUDY . FUE L

C 0 E F 

# BP 5 .632 5 .641 2 .610 2 -.525 1 .669 5 1.000 0 .888 6 .815 0 .802 5 .600 8 .737 1 .574 2 .473 1 .075 3 .037 8 .061 8 -.031 7 .076 2 .608 1 .622 1 .652 0 84/09/25 . 1 3 RV P =7. 0 F I C I E
BP1 0 .507 ? .524 0 .511 3

- .275 1 .483 7 .888 6 1.000 0 .748 4 .950 6 .820 2 .687 6 .640 7 .511 0 .091 0 -.117 2 .073 7 -.012 3 .032 0 .581 1 .610 5 .617 4 It



### 1
_ i 

### " 

## BP1 5 .473 7 .465 7 .458 9 -.301 2 .454 0 .315 0 .948 4 1.000 0 .972 0 .860 6 .649 8 .645 6 .561 6 .150 7 .061 5 .247 7 .118 6 .092 5 .435 1 .507 2 .514 2 i.06.02
.

BP2 0 .443 6 .453 8 .459 0 .215 4 .421 2 .802 5 .950 6 .772 0 1.000 0 .363 0 .697 7 .661 9 .580 9 .218 5 -.003 2 .263 0 .141 8 .124 0 .507 2 .527 5 .533 5 BP3 0

.453 4 .405 6 .400 9 \ -.402 3 .497 7 .300 8 .820 2 .360 6 .868 0 1.000 0 .787 4 .747 6 .618 6 .266 1 .064 4 .361 1 .267 1 .232 7 .446 6 .445 0 .477 1

### I ^ 1 

## FIL E

BAY S MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IB P BP 5 BP1 0 BP1 5 BP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BP8 0 BP7 0 BP9 5 

# EP TMA X TMI N TAV G FUE L (CREATIO NBAT E = 84/0 7

• - ---- - - 

# BP4 0 .375 3 .405 0 .387 7 -.233 1 .490 7 .737 1 .687 6 .649 8 .697 7 .737 4 1.000 0 .623 5 .644 1 .420 5 .284 6 .432 4 .256 5 .220 2 .609 3 .602 8 .633 4 -PEA R BP5 0 .058 7 .078 5 .082 3 .008 4 .262 5 .574 2 .640 7 .645 6 .661 9 .747 6 .828 5 1.000 0 .651 5 .402 3 .188 7 .468 4 .433 4 .201 4 .461 7 .473 2 .466 0 S O NC BP6 0 .350 4 .357 3 .374 4 -.108 2 .316 1 .478 1 .511 0 .561 6 .580 9 .618 6 .644 1 .651 5 1.000 0 .325 2 .622 9 .626 6 .364 0 .222 3 .332 2 .321 9 .360 9 '25. ) VOLATILIT Y S " 0 R R E L BP7 0 .175 3 .167 7 .200 1 .068 2 .104 3 .075 3 .091 0 .150 7 .218 5 .266 1 .420 5 .402 3 .825 2 1.000 0 .877 0 .632 8 .427 8 .123 6 .054 4 .013 8 .063 5 AT I 0 N BP6 0 .200 5 .202 4 .228 2 .010 6 .036 6 -.037 8 -.117 2 -.061 5 -.003 2 .064 4 .284 6 .183 7 .622 9 .877 8 1.000 0 .690 1 .343 2 -.010 0 .021 5 -.023 1 .034 8 rUDY . FUE L

C 0 E r BP9 0 -.154 1 -.172 7 .154 5 .130 7 .090 1 .061 8 .093 7 .247 7 .238 0 .361 1 .432 4 .488 4 .626 6 .632 8 .690 1 1.000 0 .752 5 .062 4 .042 6 -.004 2 .033 2 84/09/25 . 1 3 RV P =7. 0 F I C I E BP9 5 -.445 3 -.520 2 -.523 4 .404 4 .332 2 -.081 7 .012 3 .118 6 .141 8 .267 1 .256 5 .433 4 .364 0 .427 8 .343 2 ,752 5 1.000 0 .160 4 -.275 3 -.263 0 -•.272 7 NTS

- 

# EP .121 6 .156 8 .143 3 -.257 2 .472 1 .076 2 .032 0 .092 5 .124 0 .232 9 .220 2 .201 4 .222 3 .123 6 -.010 0 .032 4 .160 4 1.000 0 .125 1 .092 2 .102 3 .06.02 .

TMA X .465 2 ._t_f? 4 .528 3 -.351 6 .553 2 .603 1 

# .581 1 .435 1 .507 2 .446 6 .607 3 .461 7 .332 2 .054 4 .021 5 .042 6 -.275 3 .125 1 1.000 0 .777 3 .773 0 TMIN

.449 6 .507 7 .500 1 -.234 8 .508 9 .622 1 .610 5 .507 2 .527 5 .445 0 .602 8 .473 2 .321 9 .018 6 -.028 1 -.004 2 •.263 0 .092 2 .977 8 1.000 0 .935 ?

# >

I C O 

## 84/09/25 . . 13.06.02 .

FIL E FUE L (CREATIO N BAT E = 84/07/25. ) VOLATILITY STUDY . FUE L RV P = 7. 0 PEARSO N CORRELATIO N COEFFICIENT S

DAY S MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IB P BP 5 BP1 0 DP I 5 BP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BPO O BP9 0 BP9 5 

# E P TMA X TMI N TAVO TAV

G .515 7 .568 6 .563 5 -.367 8 .561 9 .652 0 .617 4 .514 2 .533 5 .479 1 .633 4 .466 0 .360 ? .063 5 .034 8 .033 2 -.272 ? .102 3 .993 0 .985 9 1.000 0 (COEFFICIEN T /

CASE S / SICNFICANCE ) (99.000 0 MEAN S UNCOMPUTABLE

)

C O

# > V O 

## FIL E

-

DAY S MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IB P BP 5 BP1 0 BP1 5 BP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BP8 0 BP7 0 BP9 5 

# E P TMA X TMI N TAV G FUE L (CREATIO N BAT E = 84/0? J



## - -
DAY S 1.000 0 .990 6 .904 2 -.843 7 .094 6 .523 6 .524 1 .440 9 .404 9 .374 9 .235 6 .111 2 .194 7 .194 9 .241 3 -.047 1 .215 7 -.052 5 .758 0 .706 9 .777 6 PEA R
MILE S .990 6 1.000 0 .998 2 -.849 9 .126 2 .476 4 .488 7 .411 1 .378 4 .353 5 .221 2 .074 0 .172 4 .188 9 .209 2 -.039 7 -.203 8 .052 6 .663 2 .638 4 .686 7 S O N

C
VAPVOL .984 2 .998 2 1.000 0 -.850 2 .147 6 .432 4 .474 7 .397 7 .366 3 .343 6 .218 5 .074 7 .167 8 .167 6 .206 1 .046 1 -.203 0 -.056 7 .638 3 .617 1 .661 8 '25. ) VOLATILIT Y S O R RELATIO N
RV P IB P -.843 7 .074 6 -.847 ? .126 2 -.850 2 .147 6 1.000 0 -.146 2 -.146 2 1.000 0 -.531 8 .304 ? .551 0 .258 5 -.554 9 .110 0 -.522 0 .I86 0 -.517 0 .310 3 -.428 6 .335 2 .303 6 .336 9 -.303 2 .341 2 -.324 0 .411 8 .131 5 .392 6 .139 7 -.030 3 .470 7 .050 7 .251 1 .014 4 .591 7 -.086 6 .730 2 .031 2 -.644 4 -.056 1 rUDY . FUE L C 0 E F 

# BP 5 .528 6 .496 4 .482 4 .531 8 .304 9 l.OCO O .926 8 .795 5 .820 5 .751 6 .722 6 .650 6 .748 5 .736 6 .743 2 .188 4 -.015 3 .276 6 .536 3 .572 8 .558 2 84/ 0 RV P =10 . F I C I E
BP1 0 .524 1 .483 7 .474 7 -.551 0 .258 5 .726 0 1.000 0 .711 2 .922 7 .603 5 .775 3 ,703 5 .778 0 .766 8 .723 7 .071 5 -.089 ? .165 7 .567 3 .643 8 ,592 4 7/25 . 1 3 

# 5 NTS - BP1 5 .440 9 .411 1 .397 7 -.554 ? .110 0 .775 5 .911 2 1.000 0 .974 7 .802 0 .738 2 .661 1 .699 4 .721 8 .548 1 -.113 7 .216 6 .107 7 .493 6 .602 8 .527 7 .03.53 .

- • - - - - BP2 0 .404 ? .378 4 .366 3 -.522 0 .186 0 .820 5 .922 7 .974 7 1.000 0 .374 8 .833 8 .757 8 .802 ? .814 5 .634 8 -.100 1 -.276 7 .064 3 .448 4 .576 1 .487 6 ^

-

- BP3 0 .374 ? .353 5 .348 6 .517 0 .310 3 .751 6 .803 5 .302 0 .874 8 l.OCO O .968 6 .934 2 .926 1 .722 1 .605 7 -.206 ? .477 1 .136 9 .377 8 .610 5 .441 6

## > 1 

## o FIL E

- - -

• BAY S MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IBP BP 5 BPI O BP1 5 HP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BP8 0 BP7 0 BP9 5 

# E P TMA X TMI N TAV G FUE L (CREATIONDAT E = 84/07

-

- - - BP4 0 .235 6 .221 2 .218 5 .428 6 .335 2 .722 6 .775 8 .738 2 .833 8 .763 6 1.000 0 .777 1 .?5? 4 .756 9 .634 5 .134 5 -.435 3 -.123 7 .267 0 .541 5 .313 6 PEA R
BP5 0 .111 2 .074 0 .074 9 -.303 6 .336 9 .650 6 .703 5 .661 1 .757 8 .934 2 .977 1 1.000 0 .962 9 .944 1 .601 6 -.169 0 -.420 4 -.114 0 .192 5 .454 6 .232 0 S 0 NC BP6 0 .194 7 .172 4 .167 8 -.303 2 .341 2 .748 5 ,778 0 .699 4 ,802 ? .726 1 .759 4 .962 9 1,000 0 .957 2 .713 5 -.077 2 .275 4 .026 9 .260 7 .462 0 .301 2 '25. ) VOLATILIT Y S 0 R R E L
BP7 0 .174 9 .188 ? .189 6 -.324 0 .411 8 .736 6 .766 8 .721 0 .814 5 .922 1 .956 9 .944 1 .957 2 1.000 0 .675 1 -.024 1 .281 ? .021 1 .204 5 .463 7 .242 5 AT I 0 N BP8 0 .241 3 .207 2 .206 1 -.131 5 .372 6 .743 2 .723 7 .543 1 .634 8 .605 7 .634 5 .601 6 .713 5 .675 1 1.000 0 .076 1 ,187 3 .368 0 .303 4 .307 ? .310 8 rUDY . FUE L

C 0 E F
BP? 0 •.047 1 -.037 7 -.046 1 .187 7 -.030 3

. 183 4 .071 5 -.113 7 -.100 1 -.206 ? -.134 5 -.167 0 -.077 2 -.024 1 .076 1 1.000 0 .573 2 .473 1 .064 8 ,157 1 ,076 1 84/ 0 RV P =10 . F I C I E BP9 5 -.215 7 -.203 3 -.208 0 .470 7 .050 7 -.015 3 -.037 7 -.216 6 -.276 7 -.477 1 -.435 3 -.420 4 -.275 4 -.231 ? .187 3 .573 2 1.000 0 .743 7 -.244 4 -.483 1 -.287 8 ?/25 . 1 3 

# 5 I I T S • 

# E P -.052 5 -.052 6 -.056 7 .251 1 .014 4 .276 6 .165 7 .107 7 .064 3 -.136 9 -.123 ? -.114 0 .026 ? .021 1 .368 0 .478 1 .743 7 l.OCO O -.077 5 .248 ? -.075 ? .03.53 .

- -
TMA X .758 0 .663 2 .638 3 -.571 7 .036 6 .536 3 .567 3 .473 6 .448 4 .377 0 .267 0 .172 5 .260 7 .204 5 .303 4 -.064 3 -.244 4 -.077 5 1.000 0 .865 4 .773 7 -
TMI N .706 ? .636 4 .617 1 -.730 2 .031 2 .572 8 .643 8 .602 0 .576 1 .610 5 .541 5 .454 6 .462 0 .463 7 .307 ? -.157 1 -.483 1 .248 7 .865 4 1.000 0 .894 9

# 84/09/25 . 13.03.53 .

FIL E FUE L (CREATION DAT E = 84/07/25. ) VOLATILIT Y STUDY . FUE L RVP = 10. 5 PEARSO N

CORRELATIO N COEFFICIENT S - - - •

•A-l. i — 

## DAY S

MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IBP BP 5 BPI O BP1 5 BP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 DP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BPO O BP9 0 BP9 5 

# E P TMA X TMI N TAV O TAVC

.777 6 .606 7 .661 8 .644 4 -.056 1 ,558 2 .592 4

. 527 7 .487 6 .441 6 .313 6 ,232 0 .301 2 .242 5 .310 8 -,096 1 -.207 8 -.095 7 .993 7 .394 9 1.000 0 

# (COEFFICIEN T / CASE S / SICNFICANCE ) (99,000 0 MEAN S UNCOMPUTABLE )

# 34/09/25 .

FIL E FUE L (CREATION DAT E = 34/09/25. ) VOLATILIT Y STUDY . FUE L RVP = 12. 0 12.58.49 .A-I; IN_ » 

## DAY S

MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IB P BP 5 BPI O H P 1 5 KP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 DP5 0 BP6 0 BP7 0 BP6 0 BP9 0 BP? 5 

# EP TMA X TMI N TAV G DAY S

1.000 0 .78? ? .783 3 -.803 1 .534 1 1 

## .526 8 .561 0 .580 2 .623 3 .345 8 .188 6 .101 ? .117 4 .161 0 -.162 ? -.183 2 .375 1 -.072 6 .664 8 .643 6 .704 1 r _ . 

### n i \


## MILE S .737 9 1.000 0 .798 2 .878 6 .545 2 .535 1 .584 1

. uo6 3 .640 3 .380 9 .227 1 .130 7 .138 2 .185 4 -.152 2 .178 5 -.374 4 -.067 6 .553 6 .546 4 .604 1 _

> - 1 1 * L , 

## VAPVO L .703 3 .778 2 1.000 0 -.870 0 .535 2 .526 7 .580 6 .583 1 .641 7 .387 3 .237 0 .137 9 .147 1 .198 9 .132 2 -.156 8 .354 4 -.056 5 .526 2 .522 8 .530 4 U

l\ l\ L. L.


## RV P -.883 1 -.898 6 -.890 0 1.000 0 .435 2 .477 1 -.552 1 -.575 1 -.620 0 .422 8 .313 5 .180 2 -.160 1 -.122 8 .287 0 .401 3 .547 7 .182 1 -.443 8 .475 8 -.480 7 H

1 1 U

IX


## IB P .534 1 .545 2 .535 2 -.435 2 1.000 0 .651 1 .616 3 .531 ? .460 2 .176 6 .031 7 -.037 ? .002 1 .066 6 -.165 6 -.047 2 -.267 ? .103 0 .273 ? .223 0 .327 2 _ . 

### u _ . 

### r


## BP 5 .526 8 .535 1 .526 7 .477 1 .651 1 1.000 0 .728 8 .826 2 .812 3 .627 2 .472 8 .405 3 .467 0 .480 ? .272 0 .163 4 .073 4 .304 8 .277 2 .281 1 .356 4 r __ . 

### _u 

## BP1 0 .561 0 .584 1 .580 6 -.552 1 .616 3 .728 0 

# 1,0000 .706 3 .887 1 .718 9 .571 5 .495 9 .537 4 .526 0 .306 4 .182 1 .079 0 .312 5 .234 7 .238 3 .305 9 it

i
_ » —- 

## BP1 5 .580 2 .586 3 .533 1 .575 1 .531 9 .326 2 .906 3 1.000 0 .972 5 .779 6 .666 2 .584 3 .654 2 .637 4 .334 0 .126 2 .035 9 .207 8 .313 2 .252 7 .327 6 BP2 0

.623 3 .640 3 .641 7 -.620 0 .460 2 .312 3 .887 1 .772 5 

# 1,0000 .852 0 .736 7 .648 6 .6?? 8 .682 5 .362 6 .076 4 .007 5 .141 4 .274 5 .206 4 .238 8 BP3 0

.345 3 .380 9 .389 3 -.422 8 .196 6 .627 2 .718 ? .779 6 .852 0 1.000 0 .956 3 .917 4 .893 8 .771 6 .515 0 .000 3 .012 2 .107 8 -.007 1 .103 6 -.026 6

## > OJ 

# FIL E

DAY S MILE S VAPVO L 

# RV P IB P BP 5 BPI O BP1 5 DP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 DP6 0 BP7 0 BPOO BP7 0 J)P? 5 

# E P TMA X TMI N TAV G FUE L (CREATIO NBATE = 84/0? j

• - 

# BP4 0 .188 6 .227 1 .237 0 -.313 5 .081 7 .472 8 .571 5 .666 2 .736 7 .756 3 1.000 0 .757 4 .735 0 .813 4 .528 2 -.035 6 .028 4 .034 7 .144 5 -.275 2 -.172 0 -PEA R BP5 0 .101 ? .130 7 .13? ? -.130 2 -.037 9 .405 3 .475 ? .584 3 .648 6 .717 4 .757 4 l.OCO O .747 0 .815 1 .620 2 .017 4 .117 4 .076 2 -.138 2 -.270 1 .185 5 S O NC BP6 0 .117 4 .138 2 .147 1 -.160 1 -.002 1 .467 0 .537 4 .654 2 .699 8 .878 0 .735 0 .747 0 1.000 0 .724 1 .722 3 .172 ? .282 0 .134 6 -.080 ? -.202 3 -.125 2 '25. ) VBLATILIT Y 8 " 0 R R E L BP7 0 .161 0 .185 4 .178 ? -.122 8 .066 6 .460 7 .526 0 .637 4 .602 5 .771 6 .818 4 .815 1 .724 1 l.COO O .743 8 .362 2 .430 8 .114 1 .068 0 -.203 ? -.104 1 AT I 0 N BP3 0 -.162 ? -.152 2 -.132 2 .287 0 -.185 6 .272 0

. .308 4 .334 0 .362 6 .515 0 .528 2 .620 2 .722 3 .743 8 1.000 0 .661 ? .770 4 .517 4 -.146 2 -.133 5 .131 4 ^ 

# rUDY . FUE L C 0 E F BP7 0 -.183 2 -.176 5 .156 8 .401 3 .047 2 .163 4 .182 1 .126 2 .096 4 .COO G -.035 6 .017 4 .172 9 .362 2 .681 9 1.000 0 .901 0 .550 1 -.083 2 -.065 ? .027 3 04/ 0 RV P =12 . F I C I E BP7 5 -.375 1 -.374 4 •.354 4 .547 7 -.267 ? .073 4 .077 0 .035 ? .007 5 .012 2 .028 4 .117 4 ,282 0 .430 8 .770 4 .701 0 1.000 0 .543 2 -.1?? ? -.157 ? -.141 7 ?/25 , 1 

# D N T S - 

# E P -.072 6 -.067 6 -.056 5 .132 1 .103 0 .304 8 .312 5 .207 8 .141 4 .107 8 .034 7 .076 2 .134 6 .114 1 .517 4 .550 1 .543 2 l.OCO O -.131 1 -.001 6 -.010 5 2.53.47 .

- - - - - 

# TMA X .664 3 .553 6 .526 2 -.448 3 .273 ? .277 2 .234 7 .313 2 .274 5 -.007 1 -.144 5 .133 2 -.030 ? .068 0 -.146 2 .033 2 -.177 9 -.131 1 1.000 0 .723 ? .776 0 ---- - 

# TMIN .643 6 .546 4 .522 3 -.475 0 .223 0 .281 1 .238 3 .252 7 .206 4 -.108 6 -.275 2 -.270 1 -.202 3 -.203 ? -.183 5

- .065 ? -.157 9 -.001 6 .928 9 l.COO O .964 4

# >

I l- J •t 

## 34/07/25 . 12.58.47 . FIL E FUE L (CREATIO N DAT E = 84/07/25. ) VOLATILITY STUDY . FUE L RV P = 12. 0 PEARSO N CORRELATIO N COEFFICIENTS-- -

DAY S MILE S VAPVOL 

# RV P IB P BP5 BPI O DP I 5 BP2 0 BP3 0 BP4 0 BP5 0 DP6 0 BP7 0 BPO O BP9 0 BP9 5 

# E P TMA X TMI N TAV G TAV

G .704 1 .604 1 .560 4 -.480 7 .327 2 .356 4 .305 9 .327 6 .288 0 -.026 6 .192 0 -.105 5 -.125 2 -.104 1 -.131 4 -.029 3 -.141 ? -.010 5 .976 0 .964 4 1.OOO O (COEFFICIEN T /

CASE S / SIGNFICANCE ) (77.000 0 MEAN S UNCOMPUTABLE

)

## I- 1 

# 88.7 5

87.5 0 +

86.2 5 I D P 85.0 0

83.7 5

82.5 0

81.2 5

80.0 0 iC



# .Xt........ . *... . + .... + ...*......- .

7.50 0 22,5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 82.5 0 77.5 0 0.00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 70.0 0 105. 0 N = 2 4 C0R = .147 6 Z VAPOR VOLUM E MEA N ST.DEV . REGRESSION LIN E RES.MS . X48.70 8 35.09 5 X = 2.3472* Y149.7 3 1259. 6 Y84.54 2 2.206 3 Y = .00928*X f 84.09 0 4.978 2 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E 4 Z VAPOR VOLUM E

4 Z VAPOR VOLUM E 4 X VAPOR VOLUM E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P VERSU S VARIABL E 6

IS P FOR CROU P MARIOR I

FO R CROU P MAR10R 2 FOR GROU P TEMIOR I FOR GROU P TEM10R 2 SYMBOL= C

SYMBOL= D SYMBOL= I SYMBOL= J

## FUE L VOLATILIT Y STUD Y



# >
c n _ i 

## Z D P 108. 0

106. 5

105. 0

103. 5 f

102. 0

100. !

99.0 0

97.5 0

96.0 0



# ..... . IX...f.........t....t... . + .........+....+..............»... . + .

7.50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 82.5 0 97.5 0 0.00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60,00 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0 N= 2 4 COR = .482 4 MEA N X 46.70 3 Y 101.6 7 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E Z VAPO R VOLUM

E ST.BEV . REGRESSIO N LIN E RES.MS . 35.09 5 X = 5.2055*Y-460.5 2 987.9 7 3.252 6 Y= .04471*X t 99.48 9 8.486 2 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P FO R GROU P MARIOR I >YMBOL= C FO R GROU P MAR10R 2 SYMBOL= D FO R GROU P TEMIOR I SYMBOL= I FO R GROU P TEM10R 2 SYMDOL= J

# > I —

- J 

## FUE L VOLATILIT Y STUD Y



# 120. 0

109. 5

IX.. . 4-........ . + ... . I.... + ...-..-... . + ... . + ....*....+....*....+ ,

7.50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 02.5 0 97.5 0 0.00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0 N= 2 4 COR = .474 7 Z VAPO R VOLUM E MEA N ST.BEV . REGRESSIO N LIN E RES.MS . X 48.70 8 35.09 5 X = 5.0148*Y-525.0 7 777.5 3 Y 114.4 2 3.322 1 Y = .04493IX * 112.2 3 8.938 0 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO R VOLUM E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E 4 X VAPO R VOLUM E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E VERSU

S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E 0 10ZB P

0 10ZB P 8 10ZB P 8 10ZB P FO R GROU P MARIOR I

FO R GROU P MAR10R 2 FO R GROU P TEMIOR I FO R GROU P TEM10R 2 SYNBOL= C SYMBOL= D SYHBOL= I SYMBOL= J

T l t s

# >

C O 

# 135. 0

132. 5

130. 0

1 127. 5 5 Z B P 125. 0



# I t o i 

## _._.. .



# 120. 0

117. !

115. 0
N = C0R= 0 2 4 .39 7 

# I....X....I....K.. . + . 7.50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 02.5 0 97.5 0 00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0

MEA N X 46.70 6 Y 124.4 6 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E ST.DEV . REGRESSIO N LIN E 35.09 5 X = 3.3810*Y-372.0 8 4.128 2 Y = .0467S*X ! 122.1 8 Z VAPOR VOLUM E RES.MS . 1034. 0 14.99 8 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P FO R GROU P MARIOR I FO R GROU P MAR10R 2 FO R GROU P TEMIOR I FOR GROU P TEM10R 2 SYMBOL= C SYMBOL= » SYMBOL= I SYMBDL= J

## > IhV O 

## FUEL VOLATILIT Y STUD Y .t....t.... + ....<-....t.... t



# 14 2

14 0

13 8
2 0 Z 13 6 B P 

# 13 4

13 2

13 0 I I



# 12 8

7.50 0 0.00 0 15.0 0 N = 2 4 COR = .366 3 I....f...

. I....f....f...

. I....1....f...

. + ... . + . )

. 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 02.5 0 97.5 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0

Z VAPO R VOLUM

E
X Y MEA N 48.70 8 134.0 8 ST.BEV . REGRESSIO N LINE RES.MS . 35.09 5 X = 2.S944*Y-339.3 0 1114. 9 4.442 1 Y = .04637 m 131.8 2 17.06 0 VARIABL E VARIADL E VARIABL E VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E 1 0 20ZB P 1 0 20ZB P 1 0 20ZB P 1 0 20ZB P FO

R CROUP MARIOR I FO R CROUP MAR10R 2 FO R GROUP TEMICR I FO R GROUP TEM10R 2 SYMBOL= C SYMBOL= D SYM80L= I SYMBOL= J

t s

# >

I to 

### O 

# I B P 36.2 5

85.0 0

83.7 .

82.5 0

01.2 .

80.0 0

78.7 5

77.5 0 FUE L VOLATILIT YSTUD Y !....*... . + ....F....!.... < L

I... . + ....!... . U,., + ... . + ... . + , 67.5 0 02.5 0 97.5 0 0.00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0 N = 2 4 C0R = .535 2 MEA N X48.20 6 Y81.41 7 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E Z VAPO RVOLUM E

ST.BEV . REGRESSIO N

LIN E RES.MS . 34.75 2 X = 6.284UY-463.4 3 911.3 0 2.777 0 Y = ,0455?*X I 79.21 9 6.610 9 4 Z VAPO

RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P 4 Z VAPO

RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P 4 Z VAPO

RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P 4 Z VAPO

RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 6 IB P FORGROU P MAR12R 1 SYMBOL= E

FOR GROU P MAR12R 2 SYMBOL= F FOR GROU P TEM12R 1 SYH8GL= K FO RGROU P TEM12R 2 SYMBOL= L

# > 1 t o 

# FUE L VOLATILIT YSTUD Y

102. 0 I L f •

100. 5 f t

99.0 0 I F f

97.5 0 I „_.- ' + 5 - . - 

# ,-- * . . 

# Z . K* r „_.- * * F B . ,,-.* ' P . _._.-' * 96.0 0 t E E -- ' KE * ! L K„_.-''* * E ! _•• * 

## - 

# 94.5 0 I _.-''" ' f 

# ; .„.- - 

# ' ; 93.0 0 I E ,».-* ' +

91.5 0 1 t

! F 

# KF ! 90.0 0 * L F E i

7.50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 82.5 0 97.5 0 0.00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0 N = 2 4 C0R = .526 7 Z VAPO RVOLUM E MEA N ST.BEV . REGRESSIO N LIN E RES.MS . X48.20 8 34.75 2 X = 5.8365*Y-510.7 6 722.8 7 Y74.95 8 3.127 4 Y = .047131X 4 92.68 6 7.388 7 VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P FO R GROU P MAR12R 1 SYMBOL= E VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P FO R GROU P MAR12R 2 SYMBOL= F VARIABL E 4 X

VAPO RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P FO R GROU P TEM12R 1 SYMBCL= K VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO RVOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 7 5ZB P FO R CROU P TEM12R 2 SYMBOL= L

## > I t o i o 

## 114. 0

112. 5 f

111. 0 t K

0 109. 5 Z B P 103. 0

106. 5

105. 0

103. 5

N = 2 4 C0R = .58 0 FUE L VOLATILIT Y STUD Y



## I....X.....-... . + ...».....-I..........-........ . + . 7.50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 £ 00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 

# +...•+ , 97.5 0 90,0 0 105. 0 Z VAPO R VOLUME

X Y MEA N 48.20 8 108.5 0 ST.DEV .

34.95 2 REGRESSIO N LINE RES.MS . X = 6.2053* Y -625.0 7 046.6 2 3.270 4 Y= .05433 m 105.8 8 7.412 2 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E 4 X VAPO R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E 0 10ZB P 8 10ZB P 8 10ZB P 0 10ZB P FO

R GROU P MAR12R 1 FO R CROUP MAR12R 2 FO R GROU P TEM12R 1 FO R GROUP TEM12R 2 SYMBOL S SYMBOL= F SYMBOL= K SYMBOL= LA-23



## • • 

# FUE L VOLATILIT YSTUD Y

124.2 5 t

122.5 0 +

120.7 5 I ! K 1 119.0 0 i 5 Z B P 117.2 5 1

115.5 0 Y '

. E
113.7 5 f

112.0 0 t



# . V 110.2 5 t 7 0.00 0 N = 2 4 COR = .583 1 f F
E K! f E F ^- Y

t ,99*"

L E 

# KE K„_.** *

!



# i

: 

# I 7


# KE .

F t



# + .50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 82.5 0 97.5 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 90.0 0 105. 0 Z VAPO R VOLUM E MEA N ST.DEV . REGRESSIO N LIN E RES.MS . X43.20 8 34.75 2 X = 5.5?14*Y-615.0 7 342.8 6 Y118.6 3 3.645 3 Y = ,06082 m 115.6 ? 9.167 9 VARIABL E 4 VARIABL E 4 VARIABL E 4 VARIABL E 4 Z VAPO R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P FO R GROU P MAR12R 1 SYMBOL= E

Z VAPO R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P FO R CROU P MAR12R 2 SYMBOL= F X VAPO R VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P FO R GROU P TEH12R 1 SYMBOL= K Z VAPOR VOLUM E VERSU S VARIABL E 9 15ZB P FO R GROU P TEM12R 2 SYMBOL= L »

»

*

## 13 6 + FUEL VOLATILITY STUD Y *....*....IX.. . I ,
K r.



# 13 4

13 2 __. ' t E .* ' 13 0 2 0 Z B 12 8 P ,* * L F «. "

.-•' •

t o 

## _- . 12 6 t* ^ ' L



# 12 4 K F



# 12 2

12 0 I,....... . +....!.........1... . + ...................... .

7.50 0 22.5 0 37.5 0 52.5 0 67.5 0 £ 0.00 0 15.0 0 30.0 0 45.0 0 60.0 0 75.0 0 N = 2 4 C0R = .641 7 ) 77.5 0 70.0 0 105. 0

X Y MEA N 48.20 8 128.7 2 VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E VARIABL E ST.DEV . REGRESSIO N LINE 34.95 2 X = 5.8005IY-699.5 S Z VAPO R VOLUME RES.MS . 751.3 3 3.866 4 Y

= ,07098*X t 125.4 9 9.194 0 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E 4 Z VAPO

R VOLUM

E 4 X VAPO R VOLUM

E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E VERSU S VARIABL E 1 0 20ZB P 1 0 20ZB P 1 0 20ZB P 1 0 20Z8 P FO

R GROU P MAR12R 1 FO R GROU P MAR12R 2 FO R GROU P TEM12R 1 FO R GROU P TEM12R 2 SYMBOL= E SYMBOL= F SYMBOL= K SYMBOL= L

## P.4 8

APPENDI X B

Scattergram s o f RVP , IBP , 5% , 10% , 15% , an d 20 % Boilin g Point s Versu s Distanc e Fo r Bot h Vehicle sP.4 9



# ¥ « -X -



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# APPENDI X C

Scattergram s o f RVP , IBP , 5% , 10% , 15% , and 20 % Boilin g Point s Versu s Tim e Fo r Bot h Vehicle s

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