Building Technologies Program 

BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM

Framework Public Meeting for Automatic Commercial Ice-Maker (ACIM) Equipment

pictures 

ChaDeceACIM
Building Technologies Program 

• Meeting Agenda

• Introductions• Role of the Facilitator

• Ground Rules

– Listen as an ally

– Focus on issues

– Use short, succinct statements/keep to the point

– One person speaks at a time (raise hand to be re

name for the record)

– Hold sidebar conversations outside the room

– Set cell phones to silent/vibrate

• Housekeeping Items

Welcome and Introductions
Building Technologies Program 

Attending Parties Opening Statements

At this time DOE welcomes opening remarks/state

framework document for automatic commercial ic
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) AnaClosing Remarks, Contacts & Informati

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview and Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

Meeting Purpose

• Present procedural and analytical approaches to eva

conservation standards for automatic commercial

ice‐makers.

• Provide a forum for public discussion of rulemaking i

• Encourage interested parties to submit data, informa

comments.

• Inform interested parties and facilitate the rulemakin

Introduction
Building Technologies Program 

Introduction

Issue Box: In the Rulemaking Framework Docume

Automatic Commercial Ice‐Making Equipment, DO

comments on particular issues raised in a text box 

Throughout this presentation, specific issues will b

discussion on slides such as this, with identifying n

corresponding to those in the framework docume

DOE has added some questions that are not in the 

document. These questions are identified by a lett

Nonetheless, comments concerning any part of th

presentation are welcome.

Note: The presentation contains the majority of th

presented in the Framework document. For a com

questions, please refer to Appendix A of the Framedocument.

Request for Comment Format
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) AnaClosing Remarks, Contacts & Informati

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview & Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

Regulatory History

• Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1

(Public Law 94‐163).

– Established the energy conservation program.

– Energy Policy Act (EPACT) 2005 amendment to EPCA

– Prescribed standards for cube ice‐makers with capac

2,500 lb per 24‐hour period, effective January 1, 201

– Authorizes DOE to issue standards for other types of 

ice‐makers that are not covered by 42 U.S.C. 6313(d

– Directed DOE, no later than January 1, 2015, to issue 

determining whether amending the applicable stand

feasible and economically justified. 42 U.S.C. 6313(d

Energy Conservation Standa
Building Technologies Program 

Test Procedure

• The previous DOE test procedure final rule, published in

December 2006, adopted ARI Standard 810‐2003 as the DOE

test procedure. 71 FR 71340, 71350.

– References ASHRAE Standard 29‐1988

(RA 2005) as the method of test.

– Adopts a revised method for calculating the energy

consumption rate.

• An updated AHRI test procedure has since been published –

AHRI Standard 810‐2007.

• ASHRAE has since updated its standard to ASHRAE Standard

29‐2009.

Regulatory History
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) AnaClosing Remarks, Contacts & Informati

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview & Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

Scope

Regulatory Definition

• Section 136(a)(4) of EPACT 2005 defines “aut

commercial ice maker” as:

– [A] factory‐made assembly (not necessarily shippe

that –

• (A) consists of a condensing unit and ice‐making se

integrated unit, with means for making and harvest

• (B) may include means for storing ice, dispensing ic

dispensing ice.
Building Technologies Program 

• ECS – Energy Conservation Standard.• Ice Making Head (IMH): A model with the ice‐making mechan

unit in a single package, but with a separate ice storage bin.

• Remote Condensing Unit (RCU) or Split System Unit: A model 

mechanism and condenser or condensing unit are in separate s

• Self‐Contained (SCU): A model in which the ice‐making mecha

compartment are in an integral cabinet.

• Cubed: Cubed ice machines have an alternate freezing and har

circulated over an evaporator where it freezes until cubes are f

ice is then harvested and moved to storage. The ice may be in c

variation of a solid shape.

• Flake: Flake ice machines produce ice continuously, usually in a 

evaporator. An auger inside the evaporator scrapes ice off the s

• Nugget: Nugget ice machines use the same process as flake m

ice flakes into nuggets.

• Potable water: Potable water is the water used in making ice t

drained as dump water.

Scope

Definitions for Today’s Discu
Building Technologies Program 

Scope

• EPCA, as amended by EPACT 2005, prescribed standards 

commercial ice‐makers, effective January 1, 2010. 42 U.S

Equipment Type* Type of

Cooling

Harvest Rate

lb ice/24 hours

Maximum Energy 

kWh/100 lb ice

Ice‐Making Head

Water

<500 7.80 ‐ 0.0055Hb 

≥500 and <1,436 5.58 ‐ 0.0011H 

≥1,436 4.0 

Air

<450 10.26 ‐ 0.0086H ≥450 6.89 ‐ 0.0011H 

Remote Condensing

(but not remotecompressor)

Air

<1,000 8.85 ‐ 0.0038H 

≥1,000 5.10 

Remote Condensing and

Remote Compressor Air

<934 8.85 ‐ 0.0038H 

≥934 5.3 

Self‐Contained

Water <200 11.40 ‐ 0.019H 

≥200 7.60 

Air <175 18.0 ‐ 0.069H 

≥175 9.80 

*Applicable to cube machines only
Building Technologies Program 

Key Issues

• Coverage of ice produced, e.g. block, flake, nugget, cra

– DOE is considering to issue a new standard for cont

and nugget, and tube machines with capacities bet

lb per 24‐hour period.

• Coverage as it relates to size, defined by 24‐hour harve

– DOE is considering amending the existing standard 

and extending it to include machines with capacitie

24‐hour period.

• Test Procedure update.

• Potable water use.

• Stand‐by and off‐mode energy use.

Scope

Additional Comment A ‐ DOE welcomes the identificatio

key scoping issues not identified here or within the frame

document.
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) AnaClosing Remarks, Contacts & Informati

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview & Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

Rulemaking Overview & Framework

EPCA Seven Factors

• 42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i) directs DOE to consider seven 

energy conservation standards:

EPCA Factors DO

1. Economic impact on consumers and

manufacturers

Life‐Cycle Cost A

Manufacturer I

2. Lifetime operating cost savings compared to

increased cost for the equipment

Life‐Cycle Cost A

3. Total projected energy savings National Impac

4. Impact on utility or performance Engineering An

Screening Analy

5. Impact of any lessening of competition Manufacturer I6. Need for national energy conservation National Impac

7. Other factors the Secretary considers relevant Environmental 

Utility Impact A

Employment Im
Building Technologies Program 

Rulemaking Overview & Framework

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis

Notice of

Proposed

Rulemaking

(NOPR)

Final

Rule

• DOE published a Federal Register notice on November 19

• Today’s public meeting covers the Framework documents 

commercial ice‐makers (ACIM).

• Framework document provides:

– Overview of the rulemaking process

– Provides avenues for interested parties to submit comment

– The framework information and materials are available onl

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/commercial/automat

Rulemaking Process Steps
Building Technologies Program 

Framework

Document

Public Meeting

December 16, 2010

Rulemaking Overview & Framework

ECS Preliminary

Analysis

Public Meeting

Planned ‐ September 201

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 

E

TP NOPR Public

Meeting

Planned – Spring 2011

Rulemaking Timeline
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) AnaClosing Remarks, Contacts & Informati

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview & Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market and Technology Assessm

• Characterize the markets, the automatic commercial ice‐

potential technological measures that improve efficiency

Method

• Identify and characterize manufacturers of automatic com

• Estimate shipments and trends in the market;

• Identify regulatory and non‐regulatory initiatives intende

efficiency of the equipment covered under this rulemakin

• Identify technologies that could improve efficiency of eq
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 3‐1 DOE seeks information on annual shipments i

U.S. market from 1995 to 2010 (both domestic and imp

equipment class, and the corresponding shipment‐weigefficiency of these shipments.

Item 3‐2 DOE seeks information on the proportion(s) o

shipped annually that replaces existing equipment.

Additional Comment B ‐ DOE seeks input and data on e

market shares, equipment features, and efficiency tren

automatic commercial ice‐makers covered in this rulem

Additional Comment C ‐ DOE seeks input on distributio

used for sales of covered equipment.

Request for Comments
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Proposed Classes for Commercial Ice

Equipment Type Type of Cooling Harvest Capacity Rate lb/day Cub

Ice‐Making Head

Water

<500 Exist

≥500 and <1,436 Exist

≥1,436 Exist

Air

<450 Exist

≥450 Exist

Remote Condensing(but not remote compressor) Air <1,000 Exist

≥1,000 Exist

Remote Condensing and RemoteCompressor Air

<934 Exist

≥934 Exist

Self‐Contained Unit

Water

<200 Exist

≥200 Exist

Air

<175 Exist

≥175 Exist

Designed for Connection to a

Compressor Rack System TBD ALL N/
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 3‐4 DOE requests feedback on promulgating a new 

flake, nugget, and tube‐type ice‐making machines.

Item 3‐6 DOE requests feedback on tube‐type machines. 

the machines have tube‐shaped evaporators and/or make 

and that these machines operate cyclically like cube mach

not produce clear ice. DOE requests comment on whethe

equipment classes should be established for such equipmare the appropriate capacity ranges for these classes? If n

the proposed equipment classes should the tube machine

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Additional Comment D ‐ DOE seeks comments on wh

separate product class is needed for ice makers desig

connection to a remote compressor rack system.

Additional Comment E ‐ DOE seeks comment on the 

capacity breakdown by harvest rate for ice rack‐conn

machines.Item 3‐7 DOE requests feedback concerning the prop

rate breakdowns, and if they accurately reflect the cu

Item 3‐9 DOE requests comment on including ice‐macapacities greater than 4,000 pounds per day in this r

DOE should include standards for ice‐makers with cap

than 4,000 pounds per day, what should the range of 

in this rulemaking

Request for Comment (co
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Commercial Ice Maker Energ

Lod

22

Health

Care

ENERGY STAR – No specified 39%building use typeFEMP – No specified building use typeCEE – Member programs target restaurant applications

Additional Comment F ‐ DOE requests input on regulat

regulatory initiatives, in addition to ENERGY STAR, the C

Regulatory and Non RegulatoryInitiatives
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Equipment Ap

Technology Options Cube Flake Nugget Tub

Higher‐efficiency compressors √ √ √ √

Larger condenser √ √ √ √

Higher‐efficiency condenser fan/motor, more

condenser air flow √ √ √ √ 

Higher‐efficiency auger motor N/A √ √ N/A

Higher‐efficiency pump/motor √ N/A N/A √

Drain water thermal exchange √ N/A N/A N/A

Reduced harvest meltage √ N/A NA √

Reduced evaporator thermal cycling √ N/A NA √

Better/thicker insulation √ √ √ √

More condenser water flow √ √ √ √ 

Less potable water flow √ N/A N/A N/A

Larger‐diameter suction line √ √ √ √ 

Brazed plate condenser √ √ √ √ 
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 3‐10 What technologies or designs, if any, should 

removed from the above list? If certain technologies on 

applicable to all equipment classes, what equipment cl

affected? In commenting on design options, please dis

impacts on safety, performance, and consumer utility.

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• EPACT 2005 established standards for condenser water use fo

water‐cooled automatic commercial ice‐makers.

• DOE has identified several issues pertaining to the amendme

use standards:

– Reduction of condenser water use can increase energy us

– The cost impacts of condenser water use reductions can v

source (tap water flushed down the drain, cooling tower, 

well water).

– The energy saving technologies indirectly allow reduction 

by preventing energy use increase when condenser water 

however DOE has not identified technology options that d

water use.

Additional Comment G ‐ DOE seeks comment whether 

options not yet identified are available to reduce conde

and seeks data sources on the prevalence of different s

water.

Consideration of Condenser Water 
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Potable Water

• DOE is considering the regulation of potable water used i

addition to condenser water use.

• Reducing potable water use is expected to reduce energy 

standard tends to indirectly limit potable water use.
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 3‐11 DOE requests feedback on potable water us

Item 3‐12 DOE requests comment on the relationship 

potable water use and energy efficiency. Specifically, to 

is potable water efficiency likely to increase with increa

of energy efficiency requirements for the ice‐makers co

this rulemaking without explicit potable water efficienc

requirements?Item 3‐13 DOE seeks feedback on including total wate

technological assessment.Item 3‐14 DOE seeks input on what technologies or de

be considered to improve water efficiencies (both pota

condenser water).

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Impacts on health or safety

Impacts on equipment utility or availability 

consumers

Practicability to manufacture, install, and se

Technological feasibility

• Purpose ‐ Screen out technology options that DOE will n

engineering analysis for automatic commercial ice‐make

• Approach ‐ DOE will evaluate each technology option ba

four screening criteria:

Item 4‐1 DOE welcomes comments on the four screen

Screening Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• A key factor in setting the standard is the increased cost 

equipment.

• The engineering analysis determines the relationship be

efficiency.

Rulem

• Life‐Cyc

Period

• Manufa

• Employm

Manufacturer Selling Price –

Efficiency Relationship

Manufacturer

Selling Price

Efficiency Level

Engineering Analysis Goals
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 5‐6 DOE requests feedback on the use of a comb

approach that uses multiple information sources to det

relationship between manufacturer selling price and efor automatic commercial ice‐makers.

• Engineering Analysis Approaches

– Design Option Approach: Determination of efficiency and 

based on individual and groups of design options.

– Efficiency Level Approach: Cost information collected (i.e., 

predetermined efficiency levels to represent cost/efficienc

– Reverse Engineering Approach: Costs for the efficiency lev

reverse‐engineered products are calculated using a manuf

• DOE intends to use a combination of these approaches

available data sources to develop the cost‐efficiency re

Engineering Analysis Methodolo
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• DOE must consider the potential tradeoffs between ene

water use of water‐cooled equipment in its engineering 

Item 5‐1 DOE seeks comments from stakeholders prov

regarding such trade‐offs.

Item 5‐4 DOE seeks comment on simplifying assumpti

made to reduce the potential complexity of maximizing 

associated with both water and energy use reductions.

Energy Use/Condenser Water Use Tra
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• In many rulemakings, DOE requests cost‐efficiency data from 

supplement its own analysis.

• This data is generally collected and aggregated by the applicab

(AHRI for automatic commercial ice‐makers) to protect the pr

provided by individual manufacturers.

Item 5‐2 DOE requests comments on the best ways to 

information from the industry. DOE anticipates that suc

be collected and aggregated by AHRI for submittal to D

Item 5‐3 DOE requests input on appropriate categories to be included in such requests for data.

Item 5‐4A DOE seeks comments and recommendation

potential data collection efforts that might be made by 

participants to support this rulemaking, and the possib

data request forms that could be used to assist such eff

Industry Data Collection
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

# Equip.

Type

Capacity

lb/24 hr

Energy

kWh/100 lb ice

Potable Water

gal/100 lb ice

Condenser 

gal/100 lb 

1 IMH ‐ A 270 7.7 20 

2 IMH ‐ A 324 5.8 22.6 3 IMH ‐ A 780 5.7 20.5 

4 IMH ‐ A 844 5 18.4 

5 IMH ‐ A 1,460 4.95 20 

6 IMH ‐ A 1,560 4.1 18.8 7 IMH ‐ W 851 4.4 19.7 

8 IMH ‐ W 2,820 3.6 19.7 9 RCU ‐ A 1,510 4.59 20 

10 RCU ‐ A 1,694 3.8 18.1 

11 RCU ‐ A 2,350 4.64 19.7 

12 SCU ‐ A 121 8.4 17.8 13 SCU ‐ A 112 11.8 34 

14 SCU ‐ W 285 5.5 18 

• DOE plans to purchase for teardown the following cube‐type i

• Roughly half will be tested prior to teardown, as indicated.

Product Teardowns and Testing
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

# Equip.

Type

Flake/

Nugget

Capacity

lb/24 hr

Energy

kWh/100 lb ice

15 IMH ‐ A N 310 7.4 

16 IMH ‐ A N 822 5.4 

17 IMH ‐ A F 845 3.4 

18 RCU ‐ A F 1780 2.5 19 SCU ‐ A N 280 5.7 

• DOE plans to purchase for teardown the following flake a

Some will be tested, as indicated.

Additional Comment H ‐ DOE requests comments on it

teardowns and testing. In particular, what types, capac

equipment are not sufficiently well represented?

Product Teardowns and Testing 
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 5‐5 DOE is also interested in receiving equipment 

procedure used, rating conditions, harvest rate, voltage, 

average product temperature, daily energy consumption

representative of the baseline model in each equipment particularly important.

• DOE realizes that its own test efforts are limited and th

data may be helpful for both the engineering analysis a

procedure rulemaking.

Equipment Test Data
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• DOE proposes the following baseline efficiency levels fo

• Numerical Levels are presented in the Framework Docu

Item 3‐17 DOE seeks feedback on the proposed baselin

* The NRCan standard for Flake/Nugget machines distinguishes only the typ

and capacity (<700 lb/day and >700 lb/day).

Equipment Class Baselines for both Energy Use and

Condenser Water Use (for water‐

cooled equipment)

Cubers Current DOE Standard 

Flake and Nugget

Machines

Option 1: Natural Resources Canada

(NRCan) Standard*Option 2: Two‐part curves based on

best fit of the equipment efficiency

data

Baseline Efficiency Levels
Building Technologies Program 

Description* Baseline EL1 EL2 EL3 

IMH‐W‐Small DOE Standard 10% 15% 20% IMH‐W‐Med DOE Standard 10% 15% 20% IMH‐W‐Large DOE Standard 10% 15% 20% IMH‐A‐Small DOE Standard 10% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 20% 

IMH‐A‐Large DOE Standard 10% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 20% 

RCU‐NRC‐Small DOE Standard 9% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 20% 

RCU‐NRC‐Large DOE Standard 9% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 20% 

RCU‐RC‐Small DOE Standard 9% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 

RCU‐RC‐Large DOE Standard 9% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 

SCU‐W‐Small DOE Standard 7% 15% 20% 

SCU‐W‐Large DOE Standard 7% 15% 20% SCU‐A‐Small DOE Standard 7% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 20% 

SCU‐A‐Large DOE Standard 7% (E‐STAR) 15% (CEE3) 20% 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Incremental Proposed efficiency levels (EL) for 

*ENERGY STAR and CEE labels apply to air‐cooled cube machines at the efficiency levels indicated.

**This is the max available for “undercounter” self‐contained equipment.
Building Technologies Program 

Proposed efficiency levels (EL) for flake and nu

(Option 1)

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Description Baseline

Min.

Available* EL1 EL2 EL3 E

IMH‐W‐Small NRCan Standard 28% 20% 25% 30% 3

IMH‐W‐Large NRCan Standard 19% 

IMH‐A‐Small NRCan Standard ‐33% 10% 20% 30% 3

IMH‐A‐Large NRCan Standard 16% RCU‐NRC‐Small NRCan Standard 16% 15% 25% 35% 4

RCU‐NRC‐Large NRCan Standard 19% 

RCU‐RC NRCan Standard 20% 10% 20% 25% RCU‐Rack NRCan Standard 60% ** 

SCU‐W‐Small NRCan Standard 15% 15% 20% 25% 3

SCU‐W‐Large NRCan Standard No products currently 

SCU‐A‐Small NRCan Standard ‐11% 10% 20% 30% 3

SCU‐A‐Large NRCan Standard No products currently 

*DOE determined “Min Available” and “Max Available” efficiency levels based on 

websites and in the CEC, ENERGY STAR, CEE, AHRI, and Natural Resources Canad

** Efficiency levels reported for these products are based on the NRCan Standard

will depend on decisions made for measurement of their energy use.
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Additional Comment I ‐ DOE seeks input from stakeho

proposed efficiency levels (these may be used for colle

cost data from manufacturers). DOE also seeks input f

on appropriate maximum technologically feasible effici

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• DOE will evaluate all design options that are commercia

in a working prototype, including proprietary designs an

• Proprietary designs will only be considered if they do no

path to a given efficiency level.

• The confidentiality of manufacturers will be maintained

Item 5‐8 Are there proprietary designs that DOE shoul

analyses for any of the equipment under consideration 

rulemaking? If so, how should DOE acquire the cost dat

evaluating these designs? Conversely, are there proprie

should not be considered? Which products use these d

Proprietary Designs
Building Technologies Program 

• Current DOE Test Procedure

– ARI Standard 810‐2003, final rule published in December 2006 (

FR 71340, 71350)

– References ASHRAE Standard 29‐1988 (RA 2005) as the method 

test.

– Adopts a revised method for calculating the energy consumptio

rate.

• Updates for the Current Test Procedure Rulemaking

– An updated AHRI test procedure has since been published – AHR

Standard 810‐2007.

– ASHRAE has since updated its standard to ASHRAE Standard 29‐

2009.

– Standby and Off Modes are not being considered.

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Test Procedure Update
Building Technologies Program 

• EPCA provides that if ARI Standard 810‐2003 is amended, the 

the DOE test procedure to be consistent unless to do so woul

requirements for test procedures. 42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(7)(B)

• DOE is considering referencing AHRI Standard 810‐2007 as th

– Expands the test procedure to apply to cube‐ (or batch‐) 

type automatic commercial ice‐makers, regardless of ice t

to 4,000 lb per day.

• DOE is also considering referencing ASHRAE Standard 29‐2009 

procedure.

– Reflects same changes as AHRI Standard 810‐2007.

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Additional Comment J ‐ DOE requests comment on modify

test procedure to reference the updated AHRI Standard 810

Standard 29‐2009.

Updating to Current Industry Versi
Building Technologies Program 

• DOE recognizes that there are automatic ice‐makers in t

capacities larger than 4,000 lb per 24 hours.

• DOE understands larger capacity machines can be teste

methods in AHRI Standard 810‐2007 and ASHRAE Stand

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Additional Comment K ‐ DOE requests comment on ap

810‐2007 test procedure to larger capacity equipment.

Larger Capacity Equipment Testing
Building Technologies Program 

• The current DOE test procedure requires reporting cond

• DOE is considering adding a method to calculate the tota

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Additional Comment L ‐ DOE requests comment on the 

calculation of total water use.

total water use (gal/100 lb ice) = 

condenser water use (gal/100 lb ice

potable water used in making ice (gal/10

Total Water Use Metric Calculati
Building Technologies Program 

• Inconsistency in reporting of energy use of remote 

makers:

– Ice Makers with dedicated remote condensing units repo

of the total ice making machine, including the ice making 

condenser.

– Ice Makers that are meant to be used with a remote com

serve multiple appliances report only the energy use of t

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Remote Condensing Unit Testing Is
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

DOE sees three potential options to address this issue:

1. A calculation method that applies a default factor to the IM

that is representative of remote condenser and compresso

2. A measurement method that measures the energy use of a 

maker with a designated remote condenser

3. Continue to report only energy consumed by the IMH witho

compressor energy use

Additional Comment M ‐ DOE requests comment on ho

consumption of ice makers that are designed to be conn

rack should be calculated in the DOE test procedure. Sp

requests comment on the pros and cons of the three pr

Remote Condensing Unit Testing Issue (c
Building Technologies Program 

• DOE has identified several factors that may affect the accuracy 

test procedure results, including:

– Water Hardness

– Ice quality– Ice temperature– Diameter and insulation of refrigeration line

– Condenser air inlet temperature

– Top clearance above ice‐maker

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Additional Comment N ‐ DOE requests comment on po

inaccuracies or sources of error in the test procedure, 

limited to the items listed above. If large sources of err

requests comment on how the test procedure might b

address these inaccuracies.

Test Procedure Accuracy
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Proposed Percentage Distribution of Shipments 

Self‐Contained* Equipment %

New and Replacement

Construction

National

Account

Distributo

30 35 

Remote Condensing Equipment %

New and Replacement

Construction

National

Account

Distributo

70 15 

* Self‐Contained equipment includes Ice‐Making Head and 

defined by EPACT 2005, and Flake and Nugget analogues. R

includes all other equipment types.
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Types of Markups in Distribution C

• Baseline Markups:

– Markups relate consumer price to cost of goods sold (CGS

– Baseline markups relate price to cost prior to a change in 

– Baseline markups indicate a consumer price that covers a

contractor’s expenses plus profit.

• Incremental Markups:

– Incremental markups relate the incremental change in con

incremental change in CGS.

– Certain costs, such as direct labor costs (salaries, payroll, r

not vary with efficiency induced changes in CGS and rema

calculation of incremental markups.

– Incremental markups cover only expenses that vary with C

expenses that increase due to an increase in equipment e
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 7‐1 DOE requests information on the proposed distribution commercial ice‐making equipment covered under this rulemaking

Item 7‐2 DOE requests information on whether the distribution c

types of buildings that comprise the market for automatic comme

food sales establishments, food service establishments, health ca

facilities, and others.

Item 7‐3 DOE requests feedback on its proposal to use increment

markups for the LCC analysis.Item 7‐4 DOE seeks comment on sources of food service equipmdata that could be used to characterize markups for the food serv

Item 7‐5 DOE seeks comment on appropriate transportation and 

in the analysis and whether those costs are likely to vary for highe

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Energy Use Characterization

• Analyze energy and water use and end‐use load charact

energy and water savings potential of different equipme

• Provide the basis for the unit energy costs used in the lif

Issues

• Assumptions regarding the distribution, both by numbe

by building occupancy type

• The relationship between building occupancy type and u

• Energy use impacts of utilization factors and resulting do

• Impact of indoor machines on heating and cooling loads
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Current Use and Utilization Factor Assum

Building Type Utilization Factor

(Duty Cycle)

Percent Re

Condensing 

Education .5 TBDFood Sales .5 TBDFood Service .5 TBD

Health Care .5 TBD

Lodging .5 TBD

Retail .5 TBD

Office .5 TBD
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 6‐1 DOE seeks data or data sources that could be 

characterize the energy use of automatic commercial i

equipment.Item 6‐2 DOE seeks feedback on the assumption that 

making machine operation has a negligible impact on 

conditioning loads.Additional Comment O – DOE seeks confirmation of n

equipment by building type, as shown on the previous Additional Comment P – DOE seeks confirmation of cu

factors as is shown on the previous slide, or if it varies 

and if that factor captures both percentage of total use 

cycling, or whether those are two different factors.

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Life‐Cycle Cost (LCC) and Payback Period (P

• Assess the net LCC and PBP for different efficiency levels

Analysis

• LCC equals consumer price plus the sum of annual opera

a particular base year.

• Economic evaluation performed from the consumer pers

• Analysis implemented in an Excel spreadsheet.

• Results expressed as LCC difference (baseline minus stan

• Simple payback equals the incremental first cost divided 

savings for 1 year.

Consumer Life‐

Cycle Cost

(baseline and standard)

Operating Cost 

(sum & discount to present

value)

First Cost

(consumer price &

installation)
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

LCC Flowch

From

Engineering

Analysis

(Price is a

Function of

Efficiency)

From Markups

for Equipment

Price

Determination

Analysis

From Energy Use

Characterization

Analysis

Energy and

Water

Consumption

Power and

Water Demand

Distributor

Markup

Sales Tax

Mechanical

Contractor

Markup

Consumer

Price

Total Installed

Cost

Annual Energy

Expense

Annual

Operating

Expense

Payba

Perio

Electricity and

Water Prices
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• DOE proposes to develop nationwide estimates of water 

and incorporate these estimates into the annual operati

analyses.

• Sources such as the American Water Works Association’

price survey and other surveys of retail water purveyors 

establish base year prices.

• DOE anticipates using data from multiple years’ surveys 

purposes of developing water price forecasts.

Item 8‐8 DOE seeks input on the proposed methodolog

estimates of national water costs and potential savings 

the proposed rule.

Water Prices
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• DOE bases repair costs on annualized costs of key compo

of replacement in the field.

• Maintenance costs will be based on estimates of preven

and a separate estimate of maintenance for different

ice‐making technologies.

• Unless the efficiency increases considered for this rulem

significantly larger or heavier equipment, DOE expects t

automatic commercial ice‐making equipment will not in

installation costs.

Installation, Maintenance, and Repair C
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 8‐3 DOE seeks answers to the question: What are the ty

maintenance, and repair costs and practices during the life cy

manufactured automatic commercial ice‐making machine?

Item 8‐4 What is a typical time period between the sale of a n

first maintenance or repairs? What are the typical cycles of mrepairs?Item 8‐5 DOE seeks feedback on whether and how routine m

and installation costs will change for products that are more e

efficient.Item 8‐6 If it is not appropriate to assume that changes in ma

or installation costs would be negligible for more‐efficient pro

feedback on appropriate methodologies for assessing change

costs.

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• Current research shows an automatic commercial ice‐m

typically ranges from 7 to 10 years, with an average of 8

• DOE will use information from additional various literatu

Appliance Magazine, handbooks published by ASHRAE) manufacturers and other interested parties to better est

equipment lifetimes for use in the LCC and subsequent a

Item 8‐7 DOE seeks comment on appropriate equipmenthe classes of equipment covered in this rulemaking.

Equipment Lifetimes
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Shipments Analysis

• Estimate product shipments in base case and potential n

energy efficiency standards scenarios.

Approach

• Data sources: AHRI, Appliance Magazine, US Census Bur

American Association of Food Equipment Manufacturers 

• Estimate base case forecast – what would the shipments 

amended energy conservation standards?

• Estimate impact of standards – what, if any, increase/de

each equipment class would occur due to new/amended 

standards?
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Item 9‐1 DOE seeks information on historical shipmen

commercial ice‐making equipment for each equipment 

under this rulemaking, as well as industry‐trend data re

growth in each equipment class.Item 9‐2 DOE seeks information on representative satu

each equipment class covered under this rulemaking, a

trend data regarding relative growth in each equipmen

Item 9‐3 DOE requests input from manufacturers on th

impact of new energy conservation standards on equip

Other interested parties are also welcome to provide in

requests input on any market‐pull programs that curre

promote the adoption of more‐efficient equipment.

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

National Impact Analysis (NIA

• Estimate national energy savings (NES), national water s

net present value (NPV) of consumer savings for higher‐

levels.

Analysis

• Rebound effect is assumed to not apply to this rulemaki

automatic commercial ice machines are presumed to ru

operating settings are based on the amount of ice to be 

• NES spreadsheets will be used for calculation of NES and 

savings.
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• National Energy and Water Savings:

– Compare national energy and water consumption of base case an

equipment – year‐by‐year calculations.

– Site‐to‐source conversion factors account for energy losses in gen

distribution of electricity – from EIA’s National Energy Modeling S

• NPV of consumer savings will be calculated, as per OMB guidance, wit

rates: 3% and 7%.

Item 10‐1 DOE requests information on whether a reb

and should be incorporated in the NIA.

Item 10‐2 DOE welcomes comments from interested p

of NIA spreadsheet models for estimating national imp

energy and water conservation standards for automati

making equipment.

National Impact Analysis (cont.)
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Market &Technology

ScreeningAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Energy UseCharacterization

ShipmentsAnalysis

Markups forEquipment PriceDetermination

Life‐Cycle

Cost andPayback

Period Analysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis NOPR Final Rule

PreliminaryManufacturerImpact Analysis
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

• The MIA consists of three main phases:

Industryprofile

Developstraw‐manGRIM

Developinterviewguide

Intervie&industrwide /subgrouanalyse

Phase 2 

PreliminaryMIAInterviews

Phase 1

PreliminaryAnalysis

NOPR

Item 12‐1 DOE seeks comment on the establishment of manuf

automatic commercial ice‐making equipment, particularly sma

manufacturers.Item 12‐2 What regulations or pending regulations should DOE 

of cumulative regulatory burden?

Preliminary Manufacturer Impact A
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) AnaClosing Remarks, Contacts & Informati

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview & Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

NOPR Analyses

Manufacturer

Impact

Analysis

Utility

Impact

Analysis

Employment

Impact

Analysis

Life‐Cycle

Cost

Subgroup

Analysis

Life‐CycleCost &PaybackPeriodAnalyses

National

Impact

Analysis

RevisePreliminaryAnalysis

EngineeringAnalysis

Framework

Document

Preliminary

Analysis

NOPR Final

Rule

NOPR Process Steps
Building Technologies Program 

NOPR Analyses

Item 12‐1 DOE seeks comment on the establishment of manufacturer su

commercial ice‐making equipment, particularly small businesses and nich

Item 12‐2 What regulations or pending regulations should DOE consider 

cumulative regulatory burden?

Item 13‐1 DOE seeks input from interested parties on its proposed use o

utility impact analysis.

Item 13‐2 DOE seeks input on methodology of assessing the overall impa

industry.Item 14‐1 DOE requests feedback on this approach to employment impa

Item 15‐1 DOE seeks input on its plans to use NEMS‐BT to conduct the eanalysis on the equipment covered by this rulemaking. DOE is particularly 

there are any other approaches to the environmental assessment that it 

advantages and disadvantages for each approach.

Request for Comment
Building Technologies Program 

Preliminary Analysis & Test Procedure

Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) Ana

Closing Remarks, Contacts & Informatio

Public Meeting Slides Topics

5672 Regulatory History4 Rulemaking Overview & Framework

1 Introduction

3 Scope
Building Technologies Program 

Please reference all correspondence for this rulemaking with the 

– Automatic Commercial Ice‐Maker Rulemaking

– Docket Number EERE‐2010‐BT‐STD‐0037

– Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) 1904‐AC39

Email: ACIM‐2010‐STD‐0037@ee.doe.gov

Comment period ends: January 18, 2011

Closing Remarks, Contacts & Information

Postal: Courier:

Ms. Brenda Edwards

U.S. Department of Energy

Building Technologies ProgramMailstop: EE‐2J, Room 1J‐018

1000 Independence Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20585‐0121

Ms. Brenda EdwU.S. DepartmenBuilding Techno

950 L’Enfant Pla

Washington, DC Tel: 202‐586‐29

ACIM Comment Submittal Infor
Building Technologies Program 

• DOE Appliance Standards

– http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/applian

• Automatic Commercial Ice‐Maker Rulemaking

– http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/applian

rcial/automatic_ice_making_equipment.html

• Contact Charles Llenza, Project Manager, from the Ap

Program for additional information:

– Charles.Llenza@ee.doe.gov

– 202.586.2192

• Contact John Cymbalsky, Supervisor, from the Applia

Program for additional information:

– John.Cymbalsky@ee.doe.gov

– 202.287.1692

Closing Remarks, Contacts & Information

ACIM WebPages and DOE Con