U.S. Department of Labor

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Report 965

Fatal Occupational Injuries in

the United States, 1995-1999

A CHARTBOOK
BLS Letter 5

Acknowledgments 7

Introduction 9

National Profiles 13

Industry Profiles 43

State Profiles 65

Appendixes 173
3

U.S. Department of Labor

Elaine L. Chao, Secretary

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Kathleen P. Utgoff, Commissioner

Report 965

Fatal Occupational Injuries in the

United States, 1995-1999

A CHARTBOOK



7

This publication was prepared in the Office of Compensation and Working Conditions under the administration

of Associate Commissioner Katrina Reut; and under the direction of the Division Chief for the Safety and Health

Analysis and Control Program, Katharine Newman. The original vision of this chartbook was that of William

Weber, former Assistant Commissioner for the Office of Safety and Health Statistics, prior to his recent retirement. Scott Richardson, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Program Manager, supervised the preparation of

this report by Census of Fatal Occupational

Injuries staff members Eric Sygnatur,

Peggy Suarez, Daniel Rawner, and Mark

Zak, with assistance from Cherron Cox,

Dino Drudi, Katherine Loh, Samuel Meyer, and Stephen Pegula. ■ The text in this report was written by Scott

Richardson and Eric Sygnatur. Production of the report was coordinated by Keith Tapscott of the Office of

Publications and Special Studies under the management of Richard Devens. The report was edited by Mary Kay

Rieg, and the text was designed and laid out by Dever Designs.

Acknowledgments

9

The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, the Nation’s primary source of data on fatal work injuries, has begun

its second decade of operation. The program, which is conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in

partnership with State agencies, provides valuable information to make workplaces safer for all workers. This

chartbook presents an overview of fatal work injury data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program for the 5 years from 1995 through 1999. ■ The chartbook

presents these data in an easily accessible format—more charts and

graphs than text or analysis—that will be useful to anyone interested in learning more about fatal occupational injuries, whether

that person is an experienced researcher or an interested observer. It illuminates the details of these fatal injuries

from a variety of perspectives. 

ORGANIZATION OF THE CHARTBOOK

The chartbook is divided into three sections; each begins with a short overview of the data which is followed by

more specific data presentations. The National Profiles focus on specific types of fatal work injuries, sources 

of fatal injuries, and specific groups of workers. These topics were selected because they have proven to be of

ongoing interest to data users. The Industry Profiles present data for each major industry division, including the

number and rate of fatal work injuries in that division as well as background on the demographic characteristics

of the fatally injured workers and the fatal incidents. 

The State Profiles section focuses on fatal work injury data for individual States, plus the District of

Columbia and New York City. Each profile in this section includes data on the number and rate of fatal incidents,

as well as charts and tables showing the types of events, occupations, and industries associated with fatal work

injuries in a particular State or location. Summaries of the demographic characteristics of the fatally injured

workers also are presented in each State profile. 

Introduction
10

The appendixes provide contact information for

Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries staff in the

BLS office in Washington, DC, as well as for the

BLS Regional Information Offices and the State

agencies. The appendixes also contain technical in

formation regarding the methodology of the fatality

census program.

TERMINOLOGY 

IN THE CHARTBOOK

The terms used throughout this book are consistent with

the coding classification language used in the Census of

Fatal Occupational Injuries program. Industrial classifications, for example, are obtained from the U.S.

Office of Management and Budget’s Standard Industrial

Classification Manual, 1987, and occupation classifications are from the U.S. Census Bureau’s 1990

Occupational Classification System. 

Terms such as “source” and “event” are taken from

the BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification

Manual. Source is defined as “the object, substance, 

bodily motion, or exposure that directly produced the

injury.” Event describes the “manner in which the injury

or illness was produced or inflicted.” One example of a

source of injury would be “automobile,” and an event

example would be “highway incident.” (Those who wish

to learn more about the coding structure can access the

Occupational Injury and Illnesses Classification Manual

at www.bls.gov/iif/oshoiics.htm.)

These classification procedures were adopted to standardize statistical reporting across various government

agencies and nongovernment data users. This policy

minimizes the definitional differences among data, and

allows for practical comparisons to be made.

BRIEF HISTORY OF 

THE CENSUS OF FATAL

OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES

The origins of the Census of Fatal Occupational

Injuries go back to 1972, when the BLS, in partnership

with State agencies, began to collect, compile, and

publish occupational injury, illness, and fatality data.

In the mid-1980’s, BLS asked the National Academy

of Sciences to review the Nation’s workplace injury

and illness data needs, along with the BLS occupa-
11

tional safety and health statistics program. In its report,

the academy cited the Nation’s need for improved occupational fatality data, with particular emphasis on

obtaining detailed case characteristics on a timely basis.

The academy’s report went on to recommend that BLS

work with State agencies to compile a complete roster

of all work-related fatalities by accessing multiple data

sources, including death certificates, medical examiner

reports, workers’ compensation claims, and other

reports to Federal and State agencies. 

In response to these recommendations, BLS, in 

conjunction with State agencies, developed the Census

of Fatal Occupational Injuries. In 1992, the fatality

census was implemented in all 50 States and the

District of Columbia. Data are collected on a calendar

year basis. Preliminary results generally are released

about 8 to 9 months after the end of the year for which

data were collected. 

M U LT I P L E SO U R C E -DO C U -

MENT COLLECTION SYSTEM

Much of the success of the Census of Fatal

Occupational Injuries program is attributable to the

multiple-source-document collection system used in

the program. Most previous systems used only one

source document (such as death certificates) for surveillance of fatal work injuries, or tried to estimate the

number of fatalities using sampling methodology. A

census based on multiple source documents provides

greater accuracy, comprehensiveness, and reliability.

The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries collects

nearly four source documents, on average, for each

fatality. (See appendix I for more information on

source documents.) 

FINAL THOUGHTS

Comments on this chartbook are encouraged. BLS

plans to produce this type of document every 5 years,

so any comments on how BLS might improve upon

this first effort would be welcome. 

The National Profiles section presents national data on a variety of subjects, including demographic 

information about the fatally injured workers and the circumstances of the fatal events. The topics in this 

section are among the most frequently requested

by Census of Fatal Occupational Injury data 

users. ■ The section begins with worker demographic information including race, gender, and

age. Information about frequent fatal events, such as falls, highway incidents, and assaults, is presented next.

The section concludes with some additional material of interest, including overviews of selected occupations

and a presentation dealing with multiple-fatality incidents. 

National 

National Profiles 13
14 National Profiles

N AT IO N A L R ES U LTS 

There were 30,824 fatal work injuries in the United

States from 1995 through 1999, an average of about

17 fatal work injuries per day. The annual number of

cases declined by about 4 percent over the 5-year period, from a high of 6,275 in 1995 to a low of 6,054 in

1999, although overall employment increased by 6 percent over the same period. Fatal work injury rates

declined from 4.9 cases per 100,000 workers in 1995 to

4.5 cases in 1999, indicating that the average U.S.

workplace was safer in 1999 than it was in 1995. 

DEMOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW 

Men accounted for more than 92 percent of the fatal

work injuries during the 1995-99 period. Fatality rates

for male workers were over 10 times higher than the

rates for female workers, reflecting the different relative risks of jobs traditionally held by men versus those

held by women. In addition, older workers were more

likely to be fatally injured on the job than were younger

workers. Fatal injury rates for workers aged 55 years

and older, for example, were 6 times higher than the

rates for those aged 20 to 34. 

The number of wage and salary workers fatally

injured on the job was more than 4 times the number

recorded for self-employed workers (24,729 fatalities

versus 6,095 fatalities). However, the fatality rate

for self-employed workers was nearly 3 times 

higher, on average, than the fatality rate for wage

and salary workers.

EVENT OVERVIEW 

Deaths due to transportation incidents led all other

fatal events during the 1995-99 period, accounting for

42 percent of the 30,824 cases. The primary fatal

events in most of these transportation-related fatalities

were highway incidents (54 percent of the 13,056 transportation incidents recorded, or 23 percent overall).

Workers who were fatally injured in nonhighway incidents (for example, an overturned tractor) or who were

struck by vehicles or mobile equipment together

accounted for another 12 percent of all fatal work

injuries over the 5-year period. 

Assaults and violent acts were the second most frequent event recorded during this period, accounting for

18 percent of all cases, although the number of cases
National Profiles 15

resulting from assaults and violent acts declined

sharply between 1995 and 1999. Workplace homicide,

which accounts for the majority of assault and violent

acts cases, was down from 1,036 cases in 1995 to

651 cases in 1999, a decline of 37 percent. 

Another 4,935 workers were fatally injured after

contact with objects or equipment. The majority of

these workers (57 percent) died when struck by objects,

although another 1,428 workers were killed when

caught in or compressed by equipment or objects. The

highest number of fatal incidents involving workers

who were struck by objects or were caught in or compressed by equipment or objects was found in the manufacturing sector.

There was a total of 3,485 fatal falls recorded for

this period, or 11 percent of all recorded fatal work

injuries. The number of fatal falls rose 11 percent over

the 5-year period, from a 5-year low of 651 cases in

1995 to 721 in 1999. More than half of these fatal

falls occurred in the construction industry, and fatal

falls represented the most frequent type of fatal event

for construction workers. 

M U LT I P L E - FATA L ITY 

INCIDENTS 

A total of 1,109 incidents involving the death of more

than one worker was recorded over the 5-year period,

resulting in the death of 2,949 workers. Almost threequarters of these multiple-fatality incidents involved

the death of two workers, with the remainder involving

the deaths of three or more workers. The majority of

these incidents (58 percent) were transportation related

incidents, usually involving aircraft. Another 19 percent involved homicides. 
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 22,649 3,159 3,352 840 28,366 2,458

Average fatalities per year: 4,530 632 670 168 5,673 492

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.1 4.4 5.3 n/a 8.1 0.8

Race and Gender

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES

16 National Profiles

WHITE BLACK HISPANIC ASIAN MEN WOMEN

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

4650

3900

3150

2400

1650

900

150

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

6

5.5

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

684

161

4,599

619

615

170

4,586

638

661

195

4,576

658

583

148

4,478

707 616

4,410

n/a

5.5 5.4

5.1 5.2

5.3

5.0

4.3

166

730

4.4

4.2

4.7

4.1

n/a n/a n/a n/a

4.0

3.9

4.0

3.9

White Black Hispanic Asian
WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY EVENT—WHITE

Assaults and

violent acts 

15%

(10% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

45%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

11%

(10% Falls to

lower level)

Contact with objects

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

Other 

<1%

National Profiles 17

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—HISPANIC

Assaults and

violent acts 

20%

(17% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

34%

(19% Highway)

Falls 

15%

(14% Falls to

lower level)

Contact with objects

and equipment 

17%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

11%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

Other 

<1%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—BLACK

Assaults and

violent acts 

27%

(24% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

38%

(23% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

15%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

Other 

<1%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—ASIAN

Assaults and 

violent acts 

57%

(50% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

24%

(10% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

5%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

4%

Fires/

explosions 

2%
EMPLOYMENT SHARE 

BY GENDER

Men 

54%

Women

46%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—MEN

Assaults and 

violent acts 

16%

(12% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(22% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

17%

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

Other 

<1%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—WOMEN

Assaults and

violent acts 

38%

(35% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

44%

(30% Highway)

Falls 

6%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

5%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

4%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

Other 

1%

18 National Profiles
National Profiles 19
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 964 8,814 14,128 6,854 24,729 6,095

Average fatalities per year: 193 1,763 2,826 1,371 4,946 1,219

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.5* 3.9 4.5 8.5 4.1 11.4

Age 

Under 20 20 to 34 35 to 54 55 and over WAGE/SALARY SELF-EMPLOYED

20 National Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—WORKERS 

UNDER AGE 20

Assaults and

violent acts 

17%

(14% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

6%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

20%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

12%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—WORKERS 

AGED 20 TO 34

Assaults and

violent acts 

19%

(15% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

40%

(23% Highway)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

12%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

Other 

<1%

*Fatality rate is for workers 16 to 19 years of age.
National Profiles 21

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—WORKERS 

AGED 35 TO 54

Assaults and

violent acts 

18%

(14% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

41%

(23% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

Other 

<1%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—WORKERS AGED 55

AND OLDER

Assaults and

violent acts 

16%

(12% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

47%

(23% Highway, 

12% Nonhighway;

farm, industrial

premises)

Falls 

14%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

5%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

Other 

<1%
22 National Profiles

Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 4,188 1,080 148 11 Men 3,331 1,013 130

Average fatalities per year: 838 216 30 — Women 857 67 18

Assaults and Violent Acts

HOMICIDES SUICIDES ANIMAL ATTACKS OT H E R HOMICIDES SUICIDES ANIMAL ATTACKS

WORK-RELATED 

ASSAULTS AND VIOLENT 

ACTS TO MEN

WO RK - R E L AT ED ASS A U LTS

AND VIOLENT ACTS

EMPLOYEE STATUS Homicides Suicides TOTAL AGE Homicides Suicides TOTAL RACE Homicides Suicides TOTAL

Wage/Salary worker 3,141 762 3,903 Under 20 133 23 156 White 2,327 849 3,176

Self-employed 1,047 318 1,365 20 to 34 1,319 303 1,622 Black/African American 767 69 836

35 to 54 1,936 559 2,495 Hispanic/Latino 555 92 647

55 and older 794 193 987 Other races/Not reported 539 70 609

Homicides 

74%

Suicides

23%

Animal attacks 

3%

Suicides

20%

Homicides 

77%

Animal

attacks 

3%

Other

<1%

WORK-RELATED 

ASSAULTS AND VIOLENT 

ACTS TO WOMEN

Homicides

91%

Suicides

7%

Animal attacks 

2%
National Profiles 23

WORK-RELATED HOMICIDES 

BY PERPETRATOR

Coworker, 

former

coworker

8%

Robberies 

39%

Relative 

3%

(Including

ex-spouses)

Customer, client

4%

Other acquaintance 

2%

(Including boyfriends 

and girlfriends)

Other crimes 

44%

(Including unknowns)

OCCUPATION TOTAL

Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations 646

Cashiers 359

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs 292

Managers, food serving and lodging establishments 251

Guards and police, except public service 220

Police and detectives, public service 213

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 183

Truck drivers 116

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 64

Laborers, except construction 57

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER 

OF WORK-RELATED HOMICIDES

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800

Number of fatalities

423

1,805

560

117

178

NP

731

191

67

84 Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

WORK-RELATED HOMICIDES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
24 National Profiles

Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 7,023

Average fatalities per year: 1,405

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1500

1450

1400

1350

1300

1250

1200

1,346 1,346

1,393

1,442

Number of fatalities

WORK-RELATED 

HIGHWAY FATALITIES

1,496

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 6,213 Male 6,284 Under 20 229 White 5,384

Self-employed 810 Female 739 20 to 34 2,006 Black/African American 725

35 to 54 3,220 Hispanic/Latino 634

55 and older 1,552 Other races/Not reported 280

SOURCE OF 

HIGHWAY FATALITIES

Bus

1%

Automobile

23%

Vanpassenger 

or light 

delivery 

7%

Truck

58%

Construction, 

logging, and 

mining machinery 

1%

Other

8%

Plant and 

industrial powered 

vehicles, tractors

2%

DETAILED SOURCE OF 

TRUCK-RELATED FATALITIES

Delivery truck

5%

Semitrailer,

tractor trailer,

trailer truck

49%

Other 

22%

Dump truck

4%

Highway Incidents

Pickup

21%
National Profiles 25

0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250

Number of fatalities

2,231

523

901

472

128

107

870

567

686

486 Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

WORK-RELATED HIGHWAY 

FATALITIES BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATION TOTAL

Truck drivers 2,864

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 225

Farm workers 161

Construction laborers 160

Police and detectives, public service 141

Farmers, except horticultural 130

Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations 127

Driver-sales workers 121

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs 110

Laborers, except construction 96

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER 

OF WORK-RELATED HIGHWAY FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

Vehicle struck 

stationary object 

or equipment in

roadway 

2%

Collision between

vehicles, mobile

equipment 

48%

(18% Moving in opposite

directions, oncoming, 

10% Moving in intersection)

Vehicle struck stationary

object or equipment on

side of road

19%

Noncollision

26%

(21% Jack-knifed or 

overturned-no collision)

Other 

5%
26 National Profiles

Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 3,485

Average fatalities per year: 697

Falls

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

750

725

700

675

650

625

600

651

691

716

706

Number of fatalities

WORK-RELATED 

FATA L IT I ES R ES U LT I NG

FROM FALLS

721

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 2,907 Male 3,349 Under 20 63 White 2,583

Self-employed 578 Female 136 20 to 34 827 Black/African American 251

35 to 54 1,652 Hispanic/Latino 501

55 and older 937 Other races/Not reported 150

WORK-RELATED FALL 

FATALITIES BY EVENT

Fall from 

ladder

15%

Fall from 

floor, dock, or

ground level

5%

Fall from building

girders or other

structural steel

6%

Fall from 

roof 

22%

Fall from 

nonmoving vehicle 

7%

Fall on

same level

8%

Other 

25%

Fall from

scaffold,

staging

13%
National Profiles 27

0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250

Number of fatalities

540

343

291

213

1,971

124

Vehicular and 

transportation 

operations

Using or operating 

tools, machinery

Constructing, 

repairing, cleaning

Materials 

handling operations

Physical activity, 

n.e.c.

All other activities

WORK-RELATED FATAL FALLS 

BY WORKER ACTIVITY

OCCUPATION TOTAL

Construction laborers 449

Carpenters and apprentices 239

Roofers 217

Structural metal workers 179

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 136

Laborers, except construction 135

Painters, construction and maintenance 115

Truck drivers 115

Janitors and cleaners 102

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farmers 91

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER 

O F FATA L IT I ES R ES U LT I NG F ROM FA L LS

WORK-RELATED FATAL

FALLS BY 

SECONDARY SOURCE

Structures 

and surfaces

(16% Roof, 

11% Scaffolds, 

staging)

46%

Vehicles

6%

Parts and

materials 

4%

Machinery

7%

Tools, instruments,

and equipment

15%

(14% Ladders)

Other 

23%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 1,541

Average fatalities per year: 308

Electrocutions

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

350

325

300

275

250

225

200

281

298

334

Number of fatalities

WORK-RELATED 

ELECTROCUTION FATALITIES

280

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,299 Male 1,522 Under 20 67 White 1,172

Self-employed 242 Female 19 20 to 34 683 Black/African American 125

35 to 54 654 Hispanic/Latino 192

55 and older 134 Other races/Not reported 52

28 National Profiles

348

WORK-RELATED ELECTROCUTION

FATALITIES BY SOURCE

Machinery

16%

(4% Cranes)

Vehicles

5%

Tools, instruments,

and equipment

10%

Other 

13%

Parts and materials

57%

(16% Electrical wiring, 25% Power

lines, transformers, convertors)
OCCUPATION TOTAL

Electricians and apprentices 280

Construction laborers 132

Electrical power installers and repairers 102

Truck drivers 60

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm 57

Farm workers 51

Laborers, except construction 51

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 38

Carpenters and apprentices 37

Farmers, except horticultural 32

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER 

OF FATAL WORK-RELATED ELECTROCUTIONS

National Profiles 29

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Number of fatalities

152

40

81

36

11

34

126

141

737

176 Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

WORK-RELATED FATAL ELECTROCUTIONS 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

Contact with wiring,

transformers, or

other electrical

component

26%

Contact with

electric current

of machine, 

tool, appliance,

light fixture

16%

Contact with

underground,

buried power

lines

2%

Struck by lighting

6%

Contact with overhead power lines

44%

Other 

6%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 758

Average fatalities per year: 152

Caught in Machinery

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

200

175

150

125

100

75

50

146

189

129

Number of fatalities

WO RK - R E L AT ED C A UG HTIN-MACHINERY FATALITIES

163

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 588 Male 725 Under 20 41 White 554

Self-employed 170 Female 33 20 to 34 255 Black/African American 77

35 to 54 326 Hispanic/Latino 106

55 and older 136 Other races/Not reported 21

131

30 National Profiles

WORK-RELATED 

FATALITIES BY SOURCE

Machinery

84%

(16% Agricultural and garden machinery, 16% Construction, logging, and mining 

machinery, 17% Material handling; cranes, conveyers, jacks, 15% Metal, woodworking, 

and special material machinery, 12% Special process machinery)

Vehicles

12%

Other 

4%
OCCUPATION TOTAL

Laborers, except construction 90

Farm workers 74

Farmers, except horticultural 73

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. 53

Managers, farms, except horticultural 25

Truck drivers 23

Construction laborers 21

Industrial machinery repairers 19

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 18

Machine operators, not specified 14

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER

O F FATA L WO RK - R E L AT ED C A UG HT- I N -

MACHINERY INCIDENTS

0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360

Number of fatalities

37

13

20

38

NP

40

27

295

79

209 Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

WO RK - R E L AT ED C A UG HT- I N -M A C H I N E RY 

FATALITIES BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

National Profiles 31

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY WORKER ACTIVITY

Using or 

operating tools,

machinery

45%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations 

6%

Materials

handling

operations

5%

Constructing,

repairing, 

cleaning

39%

All other activities

5%

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 1,898

Average fatalities per year: 380

Struck by Vehicle

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

425

400

375

350

325

300

275

353

367

413

Number of fatalities

WORK-RELATED STRUCK

BY VEHICLE FATALITIES

377

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,671 Male 1,734 Under 20 57 White 1,374

Self-employed 227 Female 164 20 to 34 461 Black/African American 208

35 to 54 876 Hispanic/Latino 242

55 and older 500 Other races/Not reported 74

388

32 National Profiles

WORK-RELATED 

FATALITIES BY SOURCE

Vehicles

88%

(73% Highway vehicle, motorized; 9% Plant and 

industrial powered vehicles, tractors; 5% Rail vehicle)

Machinery

12%

(10% Construction, logging, and mining machinery)

WORK-RELATED

FATALITIES BY EVENT

Worker struck by 

vehicle in roadway

34%

Other

5%

Worker struck by

vehicle in parking 

lot or nonroad area

45%

Worker struck, by

vehicle, side of road

16%
OCCUPATION TOTAL

Truck drivers 310

Construction laborers 257

Laborers, except construction 117

Farm workers 65

Farmers, except horticultural 63

Garbage collectors 47

Supervisors, n.e.c. 46

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 45

Police and detectives, public service 41

Guards and police, except public service 34

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER

OF FATALITIES FROM BEING STRUCK

BY VEHICLE

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Number of fatalities

381

93

308

72

14

20

220

153

442

188 Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

WORK-RELATED STRUCK BY VEHICLE 

FATALITIES BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

National Profiles 33

WORK-RELATED

FATALITIES BY LOCATION

Industrial place 

or premise

25%

Street or 

highway

53%

Farm

8%

Other specified

place or unknown

14%
Occupations and Employee Status

34 National Profiles

0 1,250 2,500 3,750 5,000 6,250 7,500 8,750 10,000 11,250

5,457

10,636

3,639

4,519

2,441

3,346 Managerial and 

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service occupations

Farming, forestry, 

and fishing

Precision production,

craft, and repair

Operators, fabricators,

and laborers

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

0 3.0 6.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0 27.0

7.8

11.7

1.9

25.1

2.8

1.8

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of rates in appendix II.
0 75 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 675

Number of fatalities

540

207

230

192

175

285

476

83

427 Construction trade 

supervisor

Brickmasons, stonemasons, and apprentices

Carpenters 

and apprentices

Electricians 

and apprentices

Electrical power 

installers and repairers

Painters, construction 

and maintenance

Plumbers, pipefitters, 

steamfitters, 

and apprentices

Roofers

Structural 

metal workers

Others

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES IN 

THE CONSTRUCTION TRADES

National Profiles 35

OCCUPATION TOTAL

Truck drivers 4,198

Construction laborers 1,616

Farmers, except horticultural 1,360

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 1,096

Farm workers 1,032

Laborers, except construction 1,030

Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations 1,004

Timber cutting and logging occupations (including supervisors) 584

Electricians and apprentices 540

Military occupations 537

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE NUMBER

OF WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

OCCUPATION TOTAL

Fishers and fishing vessel captains 134.9

Timber cutters and supervisors 126.7

Airplane pilots 83.1

Farm managers, except horticulture 51.3

Construction laborers 38.9

Taxi drivers and chauffeurs 34.9

Truck drivers 27.8

Roofers 27.0

Farmers, except horticulture 25.9

Farm workers 23.5

OCCUPATIONS WITH A HIGH WORKR E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y R A T E**

452

**Please see caveats regarding the calculation of rates in appendix II; selected occupations

have minimum average of 25 fatalities per year.
36 National Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

TRUCK DRIVERS BY EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

4%

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

82%

(68% Highway—including:

24% Collision between

vehicles/mobile equipment;

19% Vehicle struck 

stationary object; 

22% Non-collision)

Falls 

3%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

8%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

F A R M O C C U P A T I O N S* B Y E V E N T

Assaults and

violent acts 

9%

Fires and explosions 

2%

Transportation 

incidents 

50%

(12% Highway; 

32% Nonhighway—

farm, industrial premises)

Falls 

6%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

25%

(12% Struck by object, 10% Caught or

compressed by equipment or objects)

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

8%

*Includes farmers, except horticultural; farm managers, except horticultural; farm

workers; and farm workers’ supervisors.

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

T O F I R E F I G H T E R S* B Y E V E N T

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

PO L I C E A ND D ET E CT IV ES* BY EV E NT

Assaults and violent acts 

48%

(42% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

45%

(33% Highway)

Falls 

3%

Other

4%

*Includes police and detectives (public service); sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law

enforcement officers; correctional institution officers; and supervisors.

Assaults and

violent acts 

5%

Other 

5%

Transportation 

incidents 

37%

(24% Highway;

10% Worker struck 

by vehicle, mobile 

equipment)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fire and explosions 

42%

(39% Fires; unintended 

or uncontrolled)

*Includes fire inspection and fire prevention occupations, firefighting occupations,

and supervisors
National Profiles 37

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

CONSTRUCTION LABORERS BY EVENT

Contact with objects 

and equipment

26%

(12% Struck by object)

Other 

4%

Transportation 

incidents 

30%

(10% Highway, 

16% Worker struck 

by vehicle, mobile 

equipment, 4% Other)

Falls

28%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

13%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

T I M B E R C U T T E R S* B Y E V E N T

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

77%

(73% Struck by object)

Other 

5%

Transportation 

incidents 

15%

Falls 

3%

*Includes timber cutting and logging occupations; and supervisors.

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

AIRPLANE PILOTS BY EVENT

Other 

1%

Aircraft 

incidents 

99%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES TO

TAXI DRIVERS BY EVENT

Transportation 

incidents 

29%

(26% Highway)

Other 

1%

Assaults and violent acts 

70%

(69% Homicides)
38 National Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

0 550 1,100 1,650 2,200 2,750 3,300 3,850 4,400 4,950

Number of fatalities

Wage/Salary Self-employed

Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

1,621 2,472

693

4,730

43

844

3,257 341

4,298 500

1,099

135

2,236 885

433

104

3,016 735

3,171

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—WAGE/SALARY

Assaults and

violent acts 

16%

(13% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

43%

(25% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

15%

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

Other 

<1%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES

BY EVENT—SELF-EMPLOYED

Assaults and

violent acts 

24%

(17% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

38%

(13% Highway, 

15% Nonhighway—

farm, industrial

premises)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

19%

(11% struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances or 

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

Other 

<1%
National Profiles 39
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 2,949 Number of incidents, 1995–99: 1,109

Average fatalities per year: 590 Average incidents per year: 222

Multiple Fatality Incidents*

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES

2 3 4 5 to 9 10 or more

1800

1500

1200

900

600

300

0

Fatalities per incident Fatalities per year

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

750

625

500

375

250

125

0

1,656 4,576 4,578 4,410

Incidents Associated fatalities

40 National Profiles

471

284 272 266

828

157 71 44 9

694

551 540 550

614

231 194 222 227 235

Incidents Associated fatalities
National Profiles 41

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

Homicides 

19%

Other 

14%

Transportation 

incidents 

58%

(27% Air, 21% Highway)

Fires and explosions

9%

M U LT I P L E FATA L ITY I N C ID E NTS 

PER MAJOR INDUSTRY

0 75 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 675

Incidents Fatalities

Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

119

287

76

339

290

528

79

261

77

335

659

35

166

133

252

42

128

29

170

OCCUPATIONS WITH A LARGE SHARE 214

O F M U LT I P L E FATA L ITY I N C ID E NTS

*Based on special research by CFOI staff.

OCCUPATION MULTIPLE ONLY OVERALL

Civilian airline pilots and navigators 215 502

Military 223 537

Fishers (inc. captains, officers) 122 339

Firefighters (inc. supervisors) 72 227

Lawyers 20 74

NUMBER OF FATALITIES

Industry Profiles 43

The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program classifies workers by the industry in which they 

were employed. Using the establishment-based Standard Industrial Classification Manual (U.S. Office of

Management and Budget, 1987), the program categorizes decedents into 1 of 10 major industry groups:

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing; mining; construction; manufacturing; transportation and public utilities;

wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; services; and government. ■ The construction

industry posted the largest number of fatal work injuries during the 1995-99 period (5,574 fatalities), followed

by transportation and public utilities (4,198 fatalities),

and agriculture, forestry, and fishing (4,093 fatalities).

The highest fatal work injury rate, however, occurred

in mining (24 fatal work injuries per 100,000 mining

workers). Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, and construction had the second and third highest rates, respectively. ■ Among the industry groups showing improvement in fatality rates over the 1995–99 period were mining,

wholesale trade, retail trade, and government. Rates for other industries, such as construction and services,

changed little, while the fatality rate for agriculture, forestry, and fishing increased. ■ In addition to the number

and rate of fatal occupational injuries, the industry profiles that follow also highlight the occupations within each

industry that incur the most fatal injuries and the leading causes of these injuries. Worker demographic data, a

breakdown of the fatal events, and a description of the activities of the workers at the time of their fatal injuries

also are included. ■ There are many factors to which risks and ensuing trends can be attributed; some are known,

some have yet to be discovered. To better understand the developments within an industry, readers should crossreference other sections of this chartbook—particularly the National Profiles—to obtain a better perspective of

the entire workplace environment. One can surmise, for example, that the decline in homicides during the 1995-

99 period has positively affected the frequency and rate of fatal injuries in retail trade.

Industry 
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 4,093

Average fatalities per year: 819

Five-year average fatality rate: 23.0

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

900

850

800

750

700

650

600

800 806

833 840

814

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

22.3

22.4

23.5

23.8

Rate per 100,000 workers

23.8

23.5

23.2

22.9

22.6

22.3

22

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,621 Male 3,957 Under 20 227 White 3,225

Self-employed 2,472 Female 136 20 to 34 798 Black/African American 184

35 to 54 1,363 Hispanic/Latino 513

55 and older 1,696 Other races/Not reported 171

44 Industry Profiles

23.6
WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

18%

All other 

activities

12%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

49%

Physical 

activity, not

elsewhere

classified

5%

Materials handling

operations

4%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

11%

AG R I C U LT U R E , FO R EST RY, A ND F IS H I NG 

OCCUPATIONS AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

0 150 300 450 600 750 900 1,050 1,200 1,350

Number of fatalities

Farmers, except 

horticultural

Nonhighway 

transportation incident

341

1,007

1,355

407

334

Assaults and

violent acts 

7%

Transportation 

incidents 

51%

(12% Highway,

24% Nonhighway—

farm, industrial

premises)

Falls 

7%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

23%

(12% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

Other 

<1%

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Industry Profiles 45

Farm workers

Nonhighway 

transportation incident

Managers, farms,

except horticultural

Nonhighway 

transportation incident

Groundskeepers and

gardeners, except farm

Fall to lower level

Fishers, including vessel

captains and officers

Water vehicle incident

508

245

136

77

268

Occupation Leading event

Protective services

<1%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 5,574

Average fatalities per year: 1,115

Five-year average fatality rate: 14.3

Construction

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1,250

1,200

1,150

1,100

1,050

1,000

950

1,055 1,047

1,107

1,174

1,191

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

14.7

14.0

14.1

14.6

14.0

Rate per 100,000 workers

14.8

14.6

14.4

14.2

14

13.8

13.6

46 Industry Profiles

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 4,730 Male 5,497 Under 20 196 White 4,072

Self-employed 844 Female 77 20 to 34 1,909 Black/African American 429

35 to 54 2,626 Hispanic/Latino 876

55 and older 833 Other races/Not reported 197

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

10%

All other activities

4%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

21%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

6%

Materials 

handling 

operations

4%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

54%

C O N S T R U C T I O N OCCUPATIONS 

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Industry Profiles 47

Assaults and

violent acts 

3%

Transportation 

incidents 

26%

(12% Highway)

Falls 

33%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

19%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

17%

(13% Contact with 

electric current)

Fires/

explosions 

3%

Other 

<1%

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800

Number of fatalities

Construction laborers

Fall to lower level

299

434

1,548

359

295

Carpenters 

and apprentices

Fall to lower level

Electricians and

apprentices

Contact with electric current

Supervisors–

construction trades, not 

elsewhere classified

Fall to lower level

Managers and 

administrators, not 

elsewhere classified

Fall to lower level

429

216

199

80

75

Occupation Leading event

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Protective

services

1%
48 Industry Profiles

Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 537

Average fatalities per year: 107

Five-year average fatality rate: 1.3

Finance, insurance, real estate

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

126

120

114

108

102

96

90

116

97

92

107

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1.6

1.5

1.2

1.1

1.2

Rate per 100,000 workers

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.1

1

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 433 Male 400 Under 20 — White 410

Self-employed 104 Female 137 20 to 34 112 Black/African American 44

35 to 54 267 Hispanic/Latino 52

55 and older 155 Other races/Not reported 31

125

$

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Industry Profiles 49

Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

1%

All other activities

35%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

35%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

6%

Materials

handling

operations

2%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

16%

FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE 

OCCUPATIONS AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

42%

(33% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

35%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

4%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

7%

Fires/

explosions 

1%

Other 

<1%

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Number of fatalities

Managers, properties

and real estate

Homicides

30

44

91

38

25

Real estate sales 

occupations

Highway incidents

Managers and 

administrators, not

elsewhere classified

Aircraft incidents

Financial managers

Homicides

Guards and police, 

except public service

Homicides

44

14

11

15

18

Occupation Leading event

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

Protective

services

5%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 3,171

Average fatalities per year: 634

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.7

Government

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

780

740

700

660

620

580

540

780

605

622

598

566

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

3.2

2.4

2.7

2.6

2.4

Rate per 100,000 workers

3.4

3.2

3

2.8

2.6

2.4

2.2

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 3,171 Male 2,758 Under 20 80 White 2,470

Female 413 20 to 34 1,073 Black/African American 386

35 to 54 1,460 Hispanic/Latino 174

55 and older 547 Other races/Not reported 141

50 Industry Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

3%

All other activities

14%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

49%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

6%

Materials

handling

operations

2%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

8%

GOVERNMENT OCCUPATIONS 

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

24%

(18% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

54%

(28% Highway)

Falls 

5%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

6%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

7%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

Other 

<1%

Industry Profiles 51

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540

Number of fatalities

Military occupations

Aircraft incidents

175

459

537

201

75

Police and detectives,

public service

Homicides

Firefighting occupations

Fires

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other

law enforcement officers

Highway incidents

Laborers, 

except construction

Worker struck by vehicle, 

mobile equipment

248

213

79

67

18

Occupation Leading event

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Protective

services

17%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 3,598

Average fatalities per year: 720

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.5

Manufacturing

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

750

740

730

720

710

700

690

709

725

744

698

722

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

3.5 3.5

3.6

3.4

3.6

Rate per 100,000 workers

3.8

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.2

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 3,257 Male 3,389 Under 20 84 White 2,688

Self-employed 341 Female 209 20 to 34 996 Black/African American 439

35 to 54 1,775 Hispanic/Latino 327

55 and older 737 Other races/Not reported 144

52 Industry Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

26%

All other activities

11%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

28%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

9%

Materials handling

operations

8%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

18%

M A N U FA C T U R I N G OCCUPATI ONS 

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

9%

Transportation 

incidents 

29%

(16% Highway)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

37%

(23% Struck by object, 

12% Caught in or compressed

by equipment or objects)

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

7%

Other 

1%

Industry Profiles 53

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540

Number of fatalities

Forestry and 

logging occupations

Struck by object

205

399

529

314

140

Truck drivers

Highway incidents

Laborers,

except construction

Caught/compressed by

equipment or objects

Managers and 

administrators, not 

elsewhere classified

Highway incidents

Miscellaneous machine

operators, not 

elsewhere classified

Caught/compressed by 

equipment or objects

392

241

68

37

51

Occupation Leading event

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 736

Average fatalities per year: 147

Five-year average fatality rate: 24.5

Mining

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

156

153

158

147

122

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

25.0

27.0

25.0

23.8

21.7

Rate per 100,000 workers

27

26

25

24

23

22

21

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 693 Male 728 Under 20 9 White 593

Self-employed 43 Female 8 20 to 34 263 Black/African American 33

35 to 54 375 Hispanic/Latino 94

55 and older 89 Other races/Not reported 16

54 Industry Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

26%

All other activities

6%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

29%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

5%

Materials handling

operations

8%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

26%

M I N I N G OCCUPATIONS 

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

31%

(15% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

38%

(18% Struck by object, 

10% Struck by falling object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

12%

Other 

<1%

Industry Profiles 55

0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135

Number of fatalities

Mining machine 

operators

Caught/compressed in 

collapsing materials

44

68

115

67

39

Truck drivers

Highway incidents

Drillers, oil wells

Struck by object

Supervisors, extractive

occupations

Struck by object

Hoist and winch operators

Fall to lower level

41

33

21

7

10

Occupation Leading event

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 3,121

Average fatalities per year: 624

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.9

Retail trade

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

690

660

630

600

570

540

510

681 670

570

513

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

3.3

3.2

3.1

2.6

2.3

Rate per 100,000 workers

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.8

2.6

2.4

2.2

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 2,236 Male 2,591 Under 20 172 White 1,959

Self-employed 885 Female 530 20 to 34 969 Black/African American 383

35 to 54 1,302 Hispanic/Latino 365

55 and older 671 Other races/Not reported 414

687

56 Industry Profiles

$

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
All other activities

62%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

22%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

5%

R E TA I L OCCUPATI ONS 

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

63%

(58% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

23%

(17% Highway)

Falls 

4%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

4%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

3%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

Other 

<1%

Industry Profiles 57

Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

2%

Materials

handling

operations

3%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

4%

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Number of fatalities

Supervisors and 

proprietors, 

sales occupations

Homicides

213

374

806

274

89

Cashiers

Homicides

Managers, food serving 

and lodging establishments

Homicides

Truck drivers

Highway incidents

Driver-sales workers

Highway incidents

591

342

215

140

51

Occupation Leading event

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Protective

services

2%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 3,751

Average fatalities per year: 750

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.1

Services

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

780

770

760

750

740

730

720

776

727

763

736

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

2.2 2.2

2.0 2.0

1.9

Rate per 100,000 workers

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.8

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 3,016 Male 3,099 Under 20 103 White 2,679

Self-employed 735 Female 652 20 to 34 1,099 Black/African American 433

35 to 54 1,714 Hispanic/Latino 400

55 and older 831 Other races/Not reported 239

749

58 Industry Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
All other activities

24%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

39%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

8%

S E R V I C E OCCUPATIONS

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

Assaults and

violent acts 

27%

(19% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

41%

(23% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

10%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

Other 

<1%

Industry Profiles 59

Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

4%

Materials

handling

operations

3%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

18%

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270

Number of fatalities

Managers and

administrators, not

elsewhere classified

Homicides

202

239

248

239

158

Guards and police, 

except public service

Homicides

Truck drivers

Highway incidents

Laborers,

except construction

Highway incidents

Auto mechanics 

and apprentices

Struck by object

62

134

136

33

46

Occupation Leading event

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Protective

services

4%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 4,798

Average fatalities per year: 960

Five-year average fatality rate: 12.7

Transportation and public utilities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1,025

1,000

975

950

925

900

875

901

970

1,008

911

1,008

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

12.6

13.4 13.3

11.8

12.7

Rate per 100,000 workers

13.4

13.1

12.8

12.5

12.2

11.9

11.6

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 4,298 Male 4,574 Under 20 47 White 3,487

Self-employed 500 Female 224 20 to 34 1,192 Black/African American 698

35 to 54 2,598 Hispanic/Latino 389

55 and older 953 Other races/Not reported 224

60 Industry Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

2%

All other activities

5%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

74%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

5%

Materials

handling

operations

5%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

8%

TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES 

OCCUPATIONS AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

0 300 600 900 1,200 1,500 1,800 2,100 2,400 2,700

Number of fatalities

Truck drivers

Highway incidents

121

397

2,548

268

116

Assaults and

violent acts 

10%

Transportation 

incidents 

71%

(46% Highway)

Falls 

3%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

8%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

6%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

Other 

<1%

Taxicab drivers 

and chauffeurs

Homicides

Airplane pilots 

and navigators

Aircraft incidents

Laborers, 

except construction

Struck by vehicle, 

mobile equipment

Sailors and deckhands

Water vehicle incidents

1,859

292

266

31

76

Occupation Leading event

Industry Profiles 61

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Protective

services

<1%
Number of fatalities, 1995–99: 1,234

Average fatalities per year: 247

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.9

Wholesale trade

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

275

265

255

245

235

225

215

256

270

241

229

238

Number of fatalities

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

5.1

5.5

4.9

4.5

4.6

Rate per 100,000 workers

5.6

5.4

5.2

5

4.8

4.6

4.4

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,099 Male 1,175 Under 20 26 White 926

Self-employed 135 Female 59 20 to 34 354 Black/African American 106

35 to 54 566 Hispanic/Latino 135

55 and older 283 Other races/Not reported 67

62 Industry Profiles

WORK-RELATED FATALITY NUMBERS AND RATES
Using or 

operating tools,

machinery 

8%

All other activities

15%

Vehicular and

transportation

operations

51%

Physical activity,

not elsewhere

classified

6%

Materials

handling

operations

8%

Constructing,

repairing,

cleaning

12%

WHOLESALE OCCUPATIONS

AND LEADING FATAL EVENT

0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360

Number of fatalities

Truck drivers

Highway incidents

77

158

333

140

63

Assaults and

violent acts 

13%

Transportation 

incidents 

52%

(38% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

18%

Exposure to harmful

substances and 

environments 

6%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

Other 

<1%

Supervisors and 

proprietors, 

sales occupations

Highway incidents

Laborers, 

except construction

Struck by object

Sales reps., mining,

manufacturing, and

wholesale

Highway incidents

Managers and 

administrators, not 

elsewhere classified

Highway incidents

235

50

27

51

20

Occupation Leading event

Industry Profiles 63

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

ACTIVITIES OF FATALLY INJURED WORKERS

Protective

services

<1%

State Profiles 65

The Bureau of Labor Statistics, with help from its State partners and regional offices, collects data from all 50

States, plus the District of Columbia and New York City, for the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Most of

the States issue their own news releases and other publications that further detail the data presented here. The

contact information for each of the participating State agencies can be found in appendix III. ■ The State Profiles

that follow provide readers the opportunity to compare the individual States with one another over a variety of

data categories, including fatality numbers, rates, and industries. It is worth noting, as a word of caution, that

simple comparisons between States can be a bit misleading. Many rural

States, for example, have fatality rates much greater than those of States

with a more urban composition; the differences are not reflective of the

concern for safety within those States, but, rather, of differences in the

industry or type of work among those States: Agricultural work tends to be much more dangerous than whitecollar jobs. ■ The five States with the highest numbers of fatal work injuries during the 5-year period 1995–99

were California (3,166 fatalities), Texas (2,439), Florida (1,819), New York (1,367), and Pennsylvania (1,230).

The combined total of fatal work injuries for these five States accounted for about one-third of the national fatality total for the study period, but these States also comprise about 29 percent of total national employment. ■ The

five States recording the highest fatal work injury rates for the 1995–99 period were different from the States

with the highest numbers of fatalities. The five States with the highest fatal work injury rates were Alaska (17.0

fatal work injuries per 100,000 workers), Wyoming (11.6/100,000), Montana (11.0/100,000), Mississippi

(9.5/100,000), and Idaho (8.5/100,000). Overall, 27 States and the District of Columbia recorded fatality rates

that were either the same as or higher than the national fatality rate for the study period. The other 23 States and

New York City recorded rates lower than the overall national rate. (See appendix II.)
66 State Profiles

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of state rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.

F I V E - Y E A R F A T A L I T Y R A T E S* F O R A L L S T A T E S , 1 9 9 5 - 9 9

Rate > 8.0

Rate = 6.6 – 8.0

Rate = 5.1 – 6.5

Rate = 3.6 – 5.0

Rate < 3.6

District of Columbia
State Profiles 67

FIVE-YEAR STATE FATALITY COUNTS, 1995-99

Fatalities > 1,000

Fatalities = 701 – 1,000

Fatalities = 451 – 700

Fatalities = 200 – 450

Fatalities < 200

District of Columbia
*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 612 Male 651 Under 20 11 White 541

Self-employed 90 Female 51 20 to 34 221 Black/African American 144

35 to 54 330 Hispanic/Latino 8

55 and older 140 Other races/Not reported 9

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 702

Average fatalities per year: 140

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.6

Alabama

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 140

200

175

150

100

75

50

0

150 155 139 135

123

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.6

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.7

6.0

7.8

6.6 6.5

68 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*
OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 156 (22%)

Sales occupations 72 (10%)

Construction trades 67 (10%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 60 (9%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 49 (7%)

0 30 60 90 120 150

Number of fatalities

85 (12%)

88 (13%)

64 (9%)

38(5%)

9 (1%)

14 (2%)

65 (9%)

130 (19%)

132 (19%)

44 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

17%

(16% Homicides)

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

18%

(11% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

State Profiles 69

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government
70 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 218 Male 269 Under 20 11 White 233

Self-employed 59 Female 8 20 to 34 113 Black/African American —

35 to 54 132 Hispanic/Latino 6

55 and older 21 Other races/Not reported 35

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 277

Average fatalities per year: 55

Five-year average fatality rate: 17.0

Alaska

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 55

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

78

63

51 43 42

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 17.0

25

22.5

20

17.5

15

12.5

10

7.5

5

2.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

18.2

13.7

21.5

17.6

14.4

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

64(23%)

7(3%)

44(16%)

NP 

NP 

6(2%)

21 (8%)

24 (9%)

18 (6%)

88 (32%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Fishers, hunters, and trappers 80 (29%)

Technicians and related support occupations 48 (17%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 32 (12%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 15 (5%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 12 (4%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

9%

Other 

2%

Transportation 

incidents 

77%

(33% Aircraft, 

32% Water vehicle)

Falls 

2%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

7%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

State Profiles 71

Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
72 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 335 Male 329 Under 20 10 White 233

Self-employed 33 Female 39 20 to 34 127 Black/African American 11

35 to 54 170 Hispanic/Latino 94

55 and older 60 Other races/Not reported 30

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 368

Average fatalities per year: 74

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.4

Arizona

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 74

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

86

77

61

74 70

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.4

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.1

3.1

3.4

2.9

3.4

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

47 (13%)

44 (12%)

46 (13%)

15 (4%)

9 (2%)

16 (4%)

51 (14%)

30 (8%)

73 (20%)

30 (8%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 59 (16%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 46 (13%)

Construction trades 45 (12%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 37 (10%)

Protective service occupations 25 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

20%

(18% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

43%

(22% Highway, 

10% Aircraft)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

15%

(11% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

11%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

State Profiles 73

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
74 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 390 Male 404 Under 20 15 White 364

Self-employed 54 Female 40 20 to 34 140 Black/African American 52

35 to 54 198 Hispanic/Latino 17

55 and older 89 Other races/Not reported 11

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 444

Average fatalities per year: 89

Five-year average fatality rate: 7.5

Arkansas

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 89

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

92 88

102

86 76

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 7.5

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.8

6.3

7.3

8.9

7.4

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 75

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

91 (20%)

42 (9%)

58 (13%)

14 (3%)

9 (2%)

NP 

35 (8%)

63(14%)

68 (15%)

54 (12%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 119 (27%)

Construction trades 40 (9%)

Sales occupations 32 (7%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 31 (7%)

Protective service occupations 26 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

11%

(11% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

50%

(29% Highway)

Falls 

7%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16%

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

5%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
76 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 2,611 Male 2,908 Under 20 86 White 1,632

Self-employed 555 Female 258 20 to 34 1,032 Black/African American 169

35 to 54 1,426 Hispanic/Latino 940

55 and older 611 Other races/Not reported 425

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 3,166

Average fatalities per year: 633

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.1

California

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 633

750

625

500

375

250

125

0

646 641 651

626 602

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 4.1

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.4

3.7 4.2 4.2 3.9

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 77

0 125 250 375 500 625

Number of fatalities

467 (15%)

386(12%)

426 (13%)

125 (4%)

74 (2%)

33 (1%)

533 (17%)

267(8%)

437 (14%)

374 (12%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 576 (18%)

Sales occupations 295 (9%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 273 (9%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 269 (8%)

Construction trades 261 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

26%

(20% Homicides)

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

41%

(23% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

11%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
78 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 400 Male 460 Under 20 15 White 393

Self-employed 105 Female 45 20 to 34 135 Black/African American 18

35 to 54 244 Hispanic/Latino 85

55 and older 111 Other races/Not reported 9

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 505

Average fatalities per year: 101

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.6

Colorado

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 101

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

112

90

120

77

106

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 4.6

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.3 4.7

4.2

5.4

3.5

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 79

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

73 (14%)

46(9%)

70 (14%)

13 (3%)

9(2%)

13 (3%)

81 (16%)

25(5%)

100 (20%)

73 (14%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 97 (19%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 58 (11%)

Construction trades 46 (9%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 40 (8%)

Farming operators and managers 35 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

18%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

46%

(26% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

15%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

7%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
80 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 165 Male 179 Under 20 7 White 153

Self-employed 29 Female 15 20 to 34 54 Black/African American 16

35 to 54 91 Hispanic/Latino 17

55 and older 42 Other races/Not reported 8

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 194

Average fatalities per year: 39

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.4

Connecticut

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 39

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

32

35

32

57

38

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 2.4

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

2.0 2.2 2.3 2.0

3.4

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 81

0 10 20 30 40 50

Number of fatalities

29 (15%)

30 (15%)

22 (11%)

8 (4%)

NP 

NP

25 (13%)

15 (8%)

49 (25%)

12 (6%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 41 (21%)

Construction trades 39 (20%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 16 (8%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 14 (7%)

Protective service occupations 13 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

24%

(19% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

38%

(19% Highway, 

10% Worker struck by 

vehicle, mobile equipment)

Falls 

15%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

12%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
82 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 61 Male 65 Under 20 — White 56

Self-employed 11 Female 7 20 to 34 20 Black/African American 7

35 to 54 27 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 24 Other races/Not reported 5

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 72

Average fatalities per year: 14

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.8

Delaware

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 14

24

20

16

12

8

4

0

12

18 17

11

14

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.8

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.3 3.5

5.0 4.6

2.6

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 83

0 5 10 15 20 25

Number of fatalities

13 (18%)

10 (14%)

5 (7%)

NP

NP 

NP

10 (14%)

NP

20 (28%)

7 (10%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Construction trades 12 (17%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 11 (15%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 9 (13%)

Mechanics and repairers 7 (10%)

Sales occupations 5 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

21%

(18% Homicides)

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(29% Highway)

Falls 

13%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

18%

(15% Struck by object)

Other 

7%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
84 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 71 Male 80 Under 20 — White 25

Self-employed 14 Female 5 20 to 34 29 Black/African American 43

35 to 54 36 Hispanic/Latino 11

55 and older 17 Other races/Not reported 6

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 85

Average fatalities per year: 17

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.6

District of Columbia

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

City average: 17

24

20

16

12

8

4

0

16

19

13

14

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

City average: 6.6

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.8

5.3

7.7

8.9

5.3

23

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 85

0 5 10 15 20 25

Number of fatalities

9 (11%)

17 (20%)

19 (22%)

NP

NP 

NP

15 (18%)

NP

23 (27%)

NP 

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Protective service occupations 20 (24%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 10 (12%)

Construction trades 9 (11%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 7 (8%)

Sales occupations 6 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

49%

(41% Homicides)

Other 

5%

Transportation 

incidents 

11%

Falls 

20%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

8%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

7%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
86 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,667 Male 1,666 Under 20 50 White 1,136

Self-employed 152 Female 153 20 to 34 526 Black/African American 226

35 to 54 849 Hispanic/Latino 345

55 and older 385 Other races/Not reported 112

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 1,819

Average fatalities per year: 364

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.3

Florida

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 364

450

375

300

225

150

75

0

391

333

384

345

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.3

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.9

5.0 4.8

5.4 5.4

366

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 87

0 100 200 300 400 500

Number of fatalities

282 (16%)

242 (13%)

136 (7%)

78 (4%)

34 (2%)

10 (1%)

299 (16%)

141 (8%)

407(22%)

184 (10%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 330 (18%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 267 (15%)

Construction trades 222 (12%)

Sales occupations 174 (10%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 137 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

21%

(16% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

40%

(22% Highway)

Falls 

15%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

11%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

11%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
88 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 988 Male 1,050 Under 20 40 White 760

Self-employed 135 Female 73 20 to 34 350 Black/African American 226

35 to 54 517 Hispanic/Latino 61

55 and older 215 Other races/Not reported 76

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 1,123

Average fatalities per year: 225

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.9

Georgia

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 225

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

237

213 202

229

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.9

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

6.7

5.9 5.7

6.4

5.1

242

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 89

0 50 100 150 200 250

Number of fatalities

148 (13%)

120 (11%)

129 (11%)

38(3%)

40 (4%)

NP

160 (14%)

162 (14%)

231 (21%)

83 (7%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 231 (21%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 132 (12%)

Construction trades 121 (11%)

Sales occupations 104 (9%)

Mechanics and repairers 75 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

18%

(14% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

45%

(29% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

15%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
90 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 97 Male 110 Under 20 — White 40

Self-employed 17 Female — 20 to 34 31 Black/African American —

35 to 54 58 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 25 Other races/Not reported 71

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 114

Average fatalities per year: 23

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.8

Hawaii

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 23

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

24

27

12

32

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.8

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.7

5.7

4.5

3.2

2.0

19

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 91

0 10 20 30 40 50

Number of fatalities

16 (14%)

NP

28 (25%)

9 (8%)

NP 

NP 

19 (17%)

NP

18 (16%)

15 (13%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Mechanics and repairers 16 (14%)

Construction trades 12 (11%)

Technicians and related support occupations 11 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 10 (9%)

Fishers, hunters, and trappers 10 (9%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

26%

(19% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(11% Highway, 

17% Aircraft)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

6%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

11%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
92 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 207 Male 251 Under 20 15 White 240

Self-employed 58 Female 14 20 to 34 62 Black/African American —

35 to 54 113 Hispanic/Latino 18

55 and older 75 Other races/Not reported 7

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 265

Average fatalities per year: 53

Five-year average fatality rate: 8.5

Idaho

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 53

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

53 51

43

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 8.5

15

13.5

12

10.5

9

7.5

6

4.5

3

1.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

8.3

6.8

10.6

9.0 8.1

56 62

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 93

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

33(12%)

10 (4%)

32 (12%)

16 (6%)

NP

NP

27 (10%)

52 (20%)

33(12%)

56 (21%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 43 (16%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 28 (11%)

Forestry and logging occupations 26 (10%)

Farming operators and managers 21 (8%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 20 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

8%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

53%

(25% Highway, 

14% Aircraft)

Falls 

7%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

21%

(12% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
94 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 898 Male 1,107 Under 20 30 White 934

Self-employed 278 Female 69 20 to 34 265 Black/African American 126

35 to 54 581 Hispanic/Latino 97

55 and older 300 Other races/Not reported 19

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 1,176

Average fatalities per year: 235

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.9

Illinois

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 235

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

250 262 240

216 208

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.9

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.3

3.4

4.5

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.

4.0

3.6
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 95

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 238 (20%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 154 (13%)

Construction trades 139 (12%)

Farming operators and managers 117 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 96 (8%)

0 50 100 150 200 250

Number of fatalities

220 (19%)

111(9%)

92 (8%)

48 (4%)

21 (2%)

17(1%)

138 (12%)

141 (12%)

232 (20%)

153 (13%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

19%

(13% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

35%

(14% Highway)

Falls 

15%

Contact with objects

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

11%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
96 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 650 Male 740 Under 20 26 White 729

Self-employed 165 Female 75 20 to 34 208 Black/African American 49

35 to 54 362 Hispanic/Latino 18

55 and older 219 Other races/Not reported 19

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 815

Average fatalities per year: 163

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.5

Indiana

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 163

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

156 155

171

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.5

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.2

5.7

4.8

6.3

5.1

190

143

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 97

0 30 60 90 120 150

Number of fatalities

129 (16%)

81 (10%)

69 (8%)

29 (4%)

21 (3%)

NP

85 (10%)

137 (17%)

136 (17%)

119 (15%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 186 (23%)

Farming operators and managers 90 (11%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 77 (9%)

Construction trades 75 (9%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 73 (9%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

17%

(13% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

46%

(28% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

15%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
98 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 209 Male 328 Under 20 13 White 336

Self-employed 143 Female 24 20 to 34 70 Black/African American —

35 to 54 154 Hispanic/Latino 6

55 and older 115 Other races/Not reported 6

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 352

Average fatalities per year: 70

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.6

Iowa

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 70

90

75

60

45

30

15

0

54

68

80

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 4.6

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.5

5.2 4.5 5.2 4.4

80

70

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 99

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

42 (12%)

11 (3%)

17 (5%)

26 (7%)

10 (3%)

5 (1%)

25 (7%)

27 (8%)

65 (18%)

124 (35%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Farming operators and managers 102 (29%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 69 (20%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 48 (14%)

Construction trades 37 (11%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 19 (5%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

3%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

47%

(21% Highway, 

14% Nonhighway—farm,

industrial premises)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

25%

(10% Struck by object, 

10% Caught in or compressed

by equipment or objects)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
100 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 318 Male 431 Under 20 23 White 399

Self-employed 140 Female 27 20 to 34 131 Black/African American 21

35 to 54 163 Hispanic/Latino 35

55 and older 141 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 458

Average fatalities per year: 92

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.7

Kansas

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 92

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

95 98

87

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.7

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.0

6.3 6.2

6.9 7.0

93

85

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 101

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

61 (13%)

20 (4%)

47 (10%)

29 (6%)

6 (1%)

18 (4%)

49 (11%)

41 (9%)

83 (18%)

102(22%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 86 (19%)

Farming operators and managers 78 (17%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 56 (12%)

Construction trades 39 (9%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 36 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

10%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

52%

(31% Highway)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

5%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
102 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 428 Male 618 Under 20 17 White 631

Self-employed 233 Female 43 20 to 34 161 Black/African American 21

35 to 54 300 Hispanic/Latino 7

55 and older 183 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 661

Average fatalities per year: 132

Five-year average fatality rate: 7.1

Kentucky

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 132

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

140

117 120

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 7.1

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.9

5.8

7.7 7.8

6.2

141 143

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 103

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

107 (16%)

40 (6%)

58 (9%)

13 (2%)

6 (1%)

51 (8%)

38 (6%)

87(13%)

87(13%)

174 (26%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 142 (21%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 90 (14%)

Farming operators and managers 82 (12%)

Construction trades 45 (7%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 45 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

12%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

48%

(25% Highway, 

16% Nonhighway—farm,

industrial premises)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

21%

(12% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

7%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
104 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 657 Male 655 Under 20 27 White 459

Self-employed 53 Female 55 20 to 34 250 Black/African American 188

35 to 54 320 Hispanic/Latino 9

55 and older 113 Other races/Not reported 54

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 710

Average fatalities per year: 142

Five-year average fatality rate: 7.4

Louisiana

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 142

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

139

159

141

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 7.4

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.4

7.1 7.2 7.2

8.1

134 137

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 105

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

159 (22%)

57 (8%)

67 (9%)

23 (3%)

5 (1%)

75 (11%)

73 (10%)

96 (14%)

102 (14%)

52(7%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 189 (27%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 85 (12%)

Construction trades 67 (9%)

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 39 (5%)

Protective service occupations 35 (5%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

12%

(11% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

41%

(19% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

19%

(13% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

13%

Fires/

explosions 

5%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
106 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 96 Male 108 Under 20 — White 110

Self-employed 22 Female 10 20 to 34 34 Black/African American —

35 to 54 56 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 24 Other races/Not reported 5

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 118

Average fatalities per year: 24

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.8

Maine

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 24

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

18

26

32

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.8

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.0

5.0

3.6

3.0

4.2

19

23

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 107

0 5 10 15 20 25

Number of fatalities

24 (20%)

5 (4%)

10 (8%)

5(4%)

NP 

NP

16 (14%)

20 (17%)

15(13%)

22 (19%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 18 (15%)

Fishers, hunters, and trappers 15 (13%)

Construction trades 13 (11%)

Forestry and logging occupations 13 (11%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 12 (10%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

8%

NP Transportation 

incidents 

46%

(27% Highway, 

11% Water vehicle)

Falls 

14%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

22%

(14% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
108 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 327 Male 374 Under 20 10 White 270

Self-employed 83 Female 36 20 to 34 113 Black/African American 96

35 to 54 204 Hispanic/Latino 15

55 and older 83 Other races/Not reported 29

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 410

Average fatalities per year: 82

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.1

Maryland

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 82

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

86

78 82

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.1

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.3

3.1 3.1 3.1 2.9

82 82

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 109

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

77 (19%)

70 (17%)

46 (11%)

14 (3%)

8(2%)

NP

52 (13%)

33 (8%)

76 (19%)

32 (8%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 87 (21%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 50 (12%)

Construction trades 43 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 37 (9%)

Sales occupations 37 (9%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

29%

(25% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

38%

(21% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

13%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
110 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 278 Male 306 Under 20 7 White 275

Self-employed 46 Female 18 20 to 34 85 Black/African American 15

35 to 54 161 Hispanic/Latino 21

55 and older 71 Other races/Not reported 13

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 324

Average fatalities per year: 65 

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.1

Massachusetts

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 65

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

66

44

83

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 2.1

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

2.2 2.5

2.0

2.2

1.4

69

62

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 111

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

38 (12%)

26 (8%)

36 (11%)

14 (4%)

5(2%)

NP 

53 (16%)

29 (9%)

81 (25%)

42 (13%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Construction trades 55 (17%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 43 (13%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 33 (10%)

Fishers, hunters, and trappers 22 (7%)

Professional specialty 21 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

14%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

32%

(13% Highway)

Falls 

24%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

6%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
112 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 723 Male 753 Under 20 39 White 675

Self-employed 116 Female 86 20 to 34 244 Black/African American 88

35 to 54 377 Hispanic/Latino 27

55 and older 179 Other races/Not reported 49

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 839

Average fatalities per year: 168

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.5

Michigan

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 168

240

200

160

120

80

40

0

149

179 182

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.5

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.2

3.7

3.3

3.7 3.7

174

155

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 113

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

92 (11%)

106 (13%)

60 (7%)

29 (3%)

16 (2%)

NP

121(14%)

166 (20%)

170 (20%)

73 (9%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 121 (14%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 119 (14%)

Construction trades 97 (12%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 95 (11%)

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 59 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

19%

(14% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

34%

(20% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

19%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

6%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
114 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 288 Male 383 Under 20 14 White 378

Self-employed 120 Female 25 20 to 34 92 Black/African American 6

35 to 54 181 Hispanic/Latino 6

55 and older 120 Other races/Not reported 18

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 408

Average fatalities per year: 82

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.2

Minnesota

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 82

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

84 88

72

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.2

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.2

2.7

3.7

2.8

3.4

72

92

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 115

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

50 (12%)

24 (6%)

27 (7%)

20 (5%)

6 (1%)

NP

36 (9%)

48 (12%)

75 (18%)

116 (28%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Farming operators and managers 85 (21%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 67 (16%)

Construction trades 44 (11%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 39 (10%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 33 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

9%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

47%

(27% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

24%

(12% Struck by objects)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
116 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 448 Male 526 Under 20 22 White 383

Self-employed 128 Female 50 20 to 34 158 Black/African American 169

35 to 54 261 Hispanic/Latino 12

55 and older 135 Other races/Not reported 12

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 576

Average fatalities per year: 115

Five-year average fatality rate: 9.5

Mississippi

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 115

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

128

113

128

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 9.5

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

10.5 10.6

8.6 8.7 9.3

103 104

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 117

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

86 (15%)

66 (11%)

66 (11%)

15 (3%)

11 (2%)

11 (2%)

40 (7%)

125 (22%)

90 (16%)

66 (11%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 145 (25%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 59 (10%)

Construction trades 51 (9%)

Sales occupations 50 (9%)

Forestry and logging occupations 46 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

17%

(16% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

46%

(25% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16%

(11% Struck by objects)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
118 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 506 Male 642 Under 20 18 White 616

Self-employed 192 Female 56 20 to 34 196 Black/African American 61

35 to 54 309 Hispanic/Latino 10

55 and older 175 Other races/Not reported 11

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 698

Average fatalities per year: 140

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.0

Missouri

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 140

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

125

145

165

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.0

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.6

5.9

5.0 4.4 5.2

123

140

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 119

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

127(18%)

54 (8%)

61 (9%)

35 (5%)

16 (2%)

12 (2%)

75 (11%)

71 (10%)

120 (17%)

123 (18%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 136 (19%)

Farming operators and managers 91 (13%)

Construction trades 75 (11%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 73 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 67 (10%)

Assaults and 

violent acts 

13%

(9% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

44%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

18%

(11% Stuck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

2%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
120 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 156 Male 228 Under 20 17 White 235

Self-employed 91 Female 19 20 to 34 66 Black/African American —

35 to 54 109 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 55 Other races/Not reported 7

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 247

Average fatalities per year: 49

Five-year average fatality rate: 11.0

Montana

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 49

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

34

58

49

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 11.0

15

13.5

12

10.5

9

7.5

6

4.5

3

1.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

8.0

10.2

11.6 11.6

13.2 56

50

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 121

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

29 (12%)

15 (6%)

26 (11%)

8 (3%)

7(3%)

7(3%)

26 (11%)

26 (11%)

21 (9%)

82 (33%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 45 (18%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 45 (18%)

Farming operators and managers 35 (14%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 15 (6%)

Technicians and related support occupations 14 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

20%

(13% Selfinflicted injury)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

43%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

17%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
122 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 172 Male 258 Under 20 5 White 259

Self-employed 106 Female 20 20 to 34 54 Black/African American 6

35 to 54 127 Hispanic/Latino 11

55 and older 92 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 278

Average fatalities per year: 56

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.3

Nebraska

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 56

90

75

60

45

30

15

0

54 56

66

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.3

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

6.2

7.3

6.3

5.2

6.3

46

56

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 123

0 20 40 60 80 100

Number of fatalities

46 (17%)

17 (6%)

23 (8%)

15 (5%)

NP

NP

22 (8%)

20 (7%)

38 (14%)

93 (33%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Farming operators and managers 66 (24%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 52 (19%)

Construction trades 26 (9%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 25 (9%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 25 (9%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

8%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

50%

(23% Highway, 

14% Nonhighway—

farm, industrial)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

23%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
124 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 248 Male 258 Under 20 — White 217

Self-employed 28 Female 18 20 to 34 96 Black/African American 15

35 to 54 126 Hispanic/Latino 36

55 and older 50 Other races/Not reported 8

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 276

Average fatalities per year: 55

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.2

Nevada

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 55

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

51

60 58

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.2

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

6.6 6.4

6.3

6.5

5.2

55

52

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 125

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

40 (14%)

34 (12%)

37 (13%)

9 (3%)

NP

24 (9%)

41 (15%)

18 (7%)

59 (21%)

12 (4%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 56 (20%)

Construction trades 43 (16%)

Mechanics and repairers 19 (7%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 18 (7%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 17 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

23%

(20% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

39%

(17% Highway)

Falls 

14%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

14%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

5%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
126 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 72 Male 77 Under 20 — White 81

Self-employed 11 Female 6 20 to 34 25 Black/African American —

35 to 54 39 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 18 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 83

Average fatalities per year: 17

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.7

New Hampshire

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 17

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

12

23

14

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 2.7

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

2.0 2.2 1.8

3.7 3.6

23

11

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 127

0 5 10 15 20 25

Number of fatalities

5 (6%)

9 (11%)

10 (12%)

6 (7%)

NP

NP

11 (13%)

19 (23%)

15 (18%)

5 (6%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 14 (17%)

Construction trades 11 (13%)

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors 11 (13%)

Professional specialty 8 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 7 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

23%

(12% Homicides,

11% Self-inflicted

injury)

Other 

4%

Transportation 

incidents 

39%

(17% Highway,

10% Worker struck by 

vehicle, mobile equipment)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16%

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

7%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
128 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 467 Male 488 Under 20 8 White 346

Self-employed 59 Female 38 20 to 34 146 Black/African American 85

35 to 54 267 Hispanic/Latino 66

55 and older 105 Other races/Not reported 29

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 526

Average fatalities per year: 105

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.7

New Jersey

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 105

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

118

103 104

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 2.7

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.1

2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6

100 101

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 129

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

110 (21%)

65 (12%)

64 (12%)

29 (6%)

5 (1%)

NP

56(11%)

47 (9%)

110 (21%)

35 (7%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 113 (21%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 104 (20%)

Construction trades 63 (12%)

Mechanics and repairers 32 (6%)

Protective service occupations 32 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

18%

(15% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

37%

(17% Highway,

10% Worker struck by 

vehicle, mobile equipment)

Falls 

14%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

11%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
130 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 206 Male 237 Under 20 6 White 142

Self-employed 49 Female 18 20 to 34 71 Black/African American 7

35 to 54 136 Hispanic/Latino 93

55 and older 41 Other races/Not reported 13

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 255

Average fatalities per year: 51

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.4

New Mexico

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 51

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

58

48

39

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.4

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.0

5.1

7.5

6.6

6.0

50

60

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 131

0 10 20 30 40 50

Number of fatalities

41 (16%)

25 (10%)

35 (14%)

8 (3%)

NP 

32 (13%)

26 (10%)

11 (4%)

47 (18%)

26 (10%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 59 (23%)

Construction trades 28 (11%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 22 (9%)

Sales occupations 19 (7%)

Mechanics and repairers 14 (5%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 14 (5%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

14%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

43%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

13%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

13%

Fires/

explosions 

7%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
132 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,102 Male 1,262 Under 20 39 White 845

Self-employed 265 Female 105 20 to 34 363 Black/African American 188

35 to 54 654 Hispanic/Latino 219

55 and older 284 Other races/Not reported 115

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 1,367

Average fatalities per year: 273

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.3

New York (including New York City)

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 273

360

300

240

180

120

60

0

302

243 241

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.3

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.8

2.8

3.9

3.2 2.8

264

317

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 133

0 60 120 180 240 300

Number of fatalities

265 (19%)

213 (16%)

139 (10%)

40 (3%)

33 (2%)

NP 

169 (12%)

102 (7%)

262 (19%)

130 (10%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 247 (18%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 219 (16%)

Sales occupations 145 (11%)

Construction trades 106 (8%)

Service occupations, except protective and household 90 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

30%

(25% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

30%

(13% Highway)

Falls 

15%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

13%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

7%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
134 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 532 Male 582 Under 20 13 White 242

Self-employed 83 Female 33 20 to 34 200 Black/African American 131

35 to 54 315 Hispanic/Latino 172

55 and older 87 Other races/Not reported 70

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 615

Average fatalities per year: 123

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.0

New York City

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

City average: 123

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

144

94

120

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

City average: 4.0

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.9

3.7

4.9

3.5

109 3.0

148

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 135

0 30 60 90 120 150

Number of fatalities

114 (19%)

146 (24%)

57 (9%)

23 (4%)

22 (4%)

NP 

97 (16%)

16 (3%)

129 (21%)

NP 

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 126 (20%)

Sales occupations 104 (17%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 91 (15%)

Construction trades 52 (8%)

Protective service occupations 50 (8%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

51%

(46% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

11%

Falls 

19%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

8%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

6%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
136 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 793 Male 973 Under 20 30 White 765

Self-employed 245 Female 65 20 to 34 336 Black/African American 180

35 to 54 412 Hispanic/Latino 65

55 and older 259 Other races/Not reported 28

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 1,038

Average fatalities per year: 208

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.3

North Carolina

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 208

240

200

160

120

80

40

0

187

228 222

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.3

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.0

5.6

4.7 5.1

6.0

210 191

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 137

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

144 (14%)

97 (9%)

151(15%)

39 (4%)

10 (1%)

NP 

81 (8%)

154(15%)

195 (19%)

161(16%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 236 (23%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 117 (11%)

Sales occupations 90 (9%)

Construction trades 87 (8%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 75 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

17%

(14% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

46%

(25% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

17%

(11% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

1%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
138 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 59 Male 129 Under 20 7 White 127

Self-employed 73 Female — 20 to 34 22 Black/African American —

35 to 54 53 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 50 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 132

Average fatalities per year: 26

Five-year average fatality rate: 7.5

North Dakota

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 26

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

28

24 22

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 7.5

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.7

6.8

6.3

10.3

6.6

35

23

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 139

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

11(8%)

7 (5%)

10 (8%)

NP 

NP 

NP 

6 (5%)

8 (6%)

16 (12%)

64 (48%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Farming operators and managers 47 (36%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 18 (14%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 17 (13%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 11 (8%)

Technicians and related support occupations 7 (5%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

5%

Other 

3%

Transportation 

incidents 

45%

(17% Highway, 

11% Nonhighway—farm,

industrial premises)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

31%

(17% Struck by object, 

10% Caught in or compressed

by equipment or objects)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

5%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
140 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 780 Male 894 Under 20 34 White 843

Self-employed 216 Female 102 20 to 34 258 Black/African American 83

35 to 54 454 Hispanic/Latino 10

55 and older 249 Other races/Not reported 60

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 996

Average fatalities per year: 199

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.6

Ohio

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 199

240

200

160

120

80

40

0

186 186

222

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.6

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.5

3.7 3.7 4.0

3.4

201 201

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 141

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

158(16%)

85 (9%)

82 (8%)

34 (3%)

7 (1%)

12 (1%)

123(12%)

152 (15%)

173 (17%)

152 (15%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 200 (20%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 134 (13%)

Farming operators and managers 108 (11%)

Construction trades 95 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 73 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

14%

(11% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

44%

(22% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

19%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
142 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 477 Male 457 Under 20 15 White 471

Self-employed 88 Female 108 20 to 34 157 Black/African American 36

35 to 54 262 Hispanic/Latino 23

55 and older 130 Other races/Not reported 35

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 565

Average fatalities per year: 113

Five-year average fatality rate: 7.3

Oklahoma

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 113

240

200

160

120

80

40

0

200

75

99

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 7.3

15

13.5

12

10.5

9

7.5

6

4.5

3

1.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

13.3

5.7 6.1

6.8

4.8

104

87

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 143

0 30 60 90 120 150

Number of fatalities

70 (12%)

39 (7%)

135 (24%)

29 (5%)

24 (4%)

30 (5%)

60 (11%)

32 (6%)

71 (13%)

71 (13%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 94 (17%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 66 (12%)

Farming operators and managers 51 (9%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 43 (8%)

Administrative support occupations, including clerical 40 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

31%

(29% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

36%

(24% Highway)

Falls 

7%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

11%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
144 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 330 Male 358 Under 20 7 White 316

Self-employed 53 Female 25 20 to 34 107 Black/African American 8

35 to 54 191 Hispanic/Latino 23

55 and older 77 Other races/Not reported 36

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 383

Average fatalities per year: 77

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.7

Oregon

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 77

90

75

60

45

30

15

0

73 72

69

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 4.7

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.6

4.2

5.3 5.2

4.3

85 84

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 145

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

62 (16%)

30 (8%)

28 (7%)

14 (4%)

5 (1%)

7 (2%)

42 (11%)

77 (20%)

62 (16%)

56 (15%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 96 (25%)

Forestry and logging occupations 32 (8%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 32 (8%)

Construction trades 28 (7%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 28 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

9%

Other 

2%

Transportation 

incidents 

53%

(27% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

21%

(11% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

5%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
146 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 921 Male 1,136 Under 20 32 White 1,058

Self-employed 309 Female 94 20 to 34 293 Black/African American 117

35 to 54 584 Hispanic/Latino 26

55 and older 321 Other races/Not reported 29

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 1,230

Average fatalities per year: 246

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.3

Pennsylvania

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 246

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

233 235 221

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 4.3

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.2 3.9

4.9 4.5

4.2

282 259

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 147

0 50 100 150 200 250

Number of fatalities

202(16%)

131 (11%)

93 (8%)

41 (3%)

26 (2%)

27 (2%)

151(12%)

171 (14%)

217 (18%)

171 (14%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 264 (21%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 141 (11%)

Farming operators and managers 117 (10%)

Construction trades 108 (9%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 107 (9%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

15%

(10% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

40%

(23% Highway)

Falls 

13%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

18%

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

5%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES
148 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 42 Male 47 Under 20 — White 45

Self-employed 9 Female — 20 to 34 15 Black/African American —

35 to 54 20 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 13 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 51

Average fatalities per year: 10

Five-year average fatality rate: 2.2

Rhode Island

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 10

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

11 12 11

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 2.2

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

2.4 2.3

1.3

2.3 2.5

11

6

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 149

0 3 6 9 12 15

Number of fatalities

11 (22%)

NP 

5 (10%)

NP 

NP 

NP 

9 (18%)

5 (10%)

9 (18%)

6 (12%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 13 (25%)

Construction trades 5 (10%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

12%

Other 

14%

Transportation 

incidents 

47%

(20% Highway,

10% Nonhighway—farm,

industrial premises)

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

18%

(14% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
150 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 475 Male 534 Under 20 16 White 418

Self-employed 130 Female 71 20 to 34 190 Black/African American 155

35 to 54 265 Hispanic/Latino 20

55 and older 133 Other races/Not reported 12

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 605

Average fatalities per year: 121

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.5

South Carolina

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 121

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

115

111

139

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.5

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

6.3

7.4

6.1

6.9

5.9

131

109

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 151

0 25 50 75 100 125

Number of fatalities

80 (13%)

86 (14%)

66 (11%)

25 (4%)

NP 

NP 

90 (15%)

90 (15%)

111 (18%)

47 (8%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 124 (20%)

Sales occupations 70 (12%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 66 (11%)

Construction trades 58 (10%)

Protective service occupations 35 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

23%

(19% Homicides)

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

44%

(28% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

12%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
152 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 100 Male 141 Under 20 7 White 147

Self-employed 55 Female 14 20 to 34 41 Black/African American —

35 to 54 62 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 45 Other races/Not reported 6

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 155

Average fatalities per year: 31

Five-year average fatality rate: 8.1

South Dakota

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 31

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

26

28

46

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 8.1

15

13.5

12

10.5

9

7.5

6

4.5

3

1.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

6.9

11.6

8.4

6.1

7.3

23

32

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 153

0 10 20 30 40 50

Number of fatalities

15 (10%)

6 (4%)

8 (5%)

8 (5%)

NP 

NP 

11(7%)

12 (8%)

38 (25%)

51 (33%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Farming operators and managers 41 (26%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 24 (15%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 19 (12%)

Construction trades 14 (9%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 11 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

3%

Other 

2%

Transportation 

incidents 

51%

(26% Highway,

11% Worker struck 

by vehicle, mobile 

equipment)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

24% 

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

12%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
154 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 584 Male 755 Under 20 31 White 689

Self-employed 219 Female 48 20 to 34 208 Black/African American 80

35 to 54 357 Hispanic/Latino 20

55 and older 206 Other races/Not reported 14

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 803

Average fatalities per year: 161

Five-year average fatality rate: 6.1

Tennessee

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 161

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

179

150 154

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 6.1

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.0

5.5 5.7

6.5

5.7

168

152

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 155

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

117 (15%)

72 (9%)

85 (11%)

35 (4%)

6 (1%)

12 (1%)

78 (10%)

99 (12%)

167(21%)

132 (16%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 179 (22%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 106 (13%)

Construction trades 83 (10%)

Farming operators and managers 82 (10%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 48 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

14% 

(12% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

45%

(25% Highway,

11% Nonhighway—

farm, industrial)

Falls 

9%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

19% 

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
156 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 1,917 Male 2,259 Under 20 82 White 1,349

Self-employed 522 Female 180 20 to 34 775 Black/African American 247

35 to 54 1,101 Hispanic/Latino 732

55 and older 481 Other races/Not reported 111

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 2,439

Average fatalities per year: 488

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.1

Texas

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 488

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

475 523 468

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.1

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.1 4.7

5.6

4.8

5.4

459

514

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 157

0 120 240 360 480 600

Number of fatalities

381 (16%)

249 (10%)

176 (7%)

118 (5%)

47 (2%)

151 (6%)

312 (13%)

239 (10%)

554 (23%)

211 (9%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 557 (23%)

Construction trades 311 (13%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 254 (10%)

Sales occupations 209 (9%)

Mechanics and repairers 164 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

16% 

(13% Homicides)

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(25% Highway)

Falls 

11%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

15% 

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

12%

Fires/

explosions 

4%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
158 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 264 Male 281 Under 20 23 White 267

Self-employed 38 Female 21 20 to 34 92 Black/African American —

35 to 54 139 Hispanic/Latino 24

55 and older 48 Other races/Not reported 7

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 302

Average fatalities per year: 60

Five-year average fatality rate: 5.9

Utah

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 60

90

75

60

45

30

15

0

51

67

54

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 5.9

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.3 5.1

6.6 6.4

6.3

66 64

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 159

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

61 (20%)

20 (7%)

28 (9%)

14 (5%)

5 (2%)

18 (6%)

43 (14%)

24 (8%)

70 (23%)

19 (6%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 82 (27%)

Construction trades 34 (11%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 28 (9%)

Mechanics and repairers 21 (7%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 20 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

8%

Transportation 

incidents 

50%

(34% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

22% 

(11% Struck by object)

Exposure to 

harmful 

substances and

environments 

8%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

Other 

<1%
160 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 50 Male 54 Under 20 — White 61

Self-employed 12 Female 8 20 to 34 18 Black/African American —

35 to 54 30 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 12 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 62

Average fatalities per year: 12

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.9

Vermont

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 12

18

15

12

9

6

3

0

16 16

14

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.9

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

5.2

4.3

1.9

2.9

5.0

9

7

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 161

0 4 8 12 16 20

Number of fatalities

8 (13%)

NP 

NP 

5 (8%)

NP 

NP 

16 (26%)

11 (18%)

6 (10%)

8 (13%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 11 (18%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 8 (13%)

Forestry and logging occupations 8 (13%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 7 (11%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

11%

Other 

15%

Transportation 

incidents 

52%

(27% Highway,

15% Nonhighway—farm,

industrial premises)

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

23% 

(19% Struck by object)

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
162 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 630 Male 716 Under 20 22 White 552

Self-employed 152 Female 66 20 to 34 233 Black/African American 144

35 to 54 357 Hispanic/Latino 39

55 and older 166 Other races/Not reported 47

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 782

Average fatalities per year: 156

Five-year average fatality rate: 4.5

Virginia

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 156

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

132

177 154

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 4.5

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

3.7

4.3 166 4.6 5.0 5.1

153

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 163

0 40 80 120 160 200

Number of fatalities

135 (17%)

73 (9%)

73 (9%)

22 (3%)

5 (1%)

21 (3%)

81(10%)

102 (13%)

173 (22%)

81 (10%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 171 (22%)

Construction trades 102 (13%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 75 (10%)

Sales occupations 55 (7%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 48 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

17% 

(12% Homicides)

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(21% Highway)

Falls 

13%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

16% 

(10% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT
164 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 463 Male 497 Under 20 21 White 455

Self-employed 87 Female 53 20 to 34 136 Black/African American 7

35 to 54 290 Hispanic/Latino 47

55 and older 103 Other races/Not reported 41

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 550

Average fatalities per year: 110

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.9

Washington

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 110

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

109 113

88

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.9

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.1

3.0

4.6

3.9 3.9

112

128

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 165

0 30 60 90 120 150

Number of fatalities

73 (13%)

35 (6%)

54 (10%)

31 (6%)

5 (1%)

NP 

67(12%)

109 (20%)

84 (15%)

88 (16%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 108 (20%)

Construction trades 44 (8%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 43 (8%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 42 (8%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 39 (7%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

11%

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

45%

(22% Highway)

Falls 

12%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

19% 

(12% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
166 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 266 Male 273 Under 20 — White 280

Self-employed 23 Female 16 20 to 34 89 Black/African American 8

35 to 54 150 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 46 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 289

Average fatalities per year: 58

Five-year average fatality rate: 7.7

West Virginia

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 58

90

75

60

45

30

15

0

56

57 57

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 7.7

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

7.6 7.5

8.9

7.1

7.7

53

66

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 167

0 15 30 45 60 75

Number of fatalities

66 (23%)

25 (9%)

29 (10%)

5 (2%)

NP 

52 (18%)

16 (6%)

48 (17%)

39 (13%)

8 (3%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 83 (29%)

Forestry and logging occupations 34 (12%)

Construction trades 25 (9%)

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers 23 (8%)

Sales occupations 12 (4%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

7%

Other 

<1%

Transportation 

incidents 

42%

(26% Highway)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

33% 

(22% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

7%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
168 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 347 Male 487 Under 20 28 White 506

Self-employed 194 Female 54 20 to 34 133 Black/African American 18

35 to 54 230 Hispanic/Latino 9

55 and older 150 Other races/Not reported 8

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 541

Average fatalities per year: 108

Five-year average fatality rate: 3.8

Wisconsin

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 108

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

117

97 105

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 3.8

5

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

4.2 3.8 4.0 3.7

3.3

114 108

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 169

0 30 60 90 120 150

Number of fatalities

50 (9%)

62 (11%)

47 (9%)

30 (6%)

8 (1%)

NP 

56(10%)

77 (14%)

77 (14%)

128 (24%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Farming operators and managers 79 (15%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 78 (14%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 55 (10%)

Sales occupations 51 (9%)

Executive, administrative, and managerial 49 (9%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

13%

Other 

1%

Transportation 

incidents 

43%

(27% Highway)

Falls 

10%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

21%

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

10%

Fires/

explosions 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.
170 State Profiles

W O R K - R E L A T E D F A T A L I T Y N U M B E R S A N D R A T E S*

EMPLOYEE STATUS GENDER AGE RACE

Wage/Salary worker 125 Male 142 Under 20 6 White 147

Self-employed 29 Female 12 20 to 34 33 Black/African American —

35 to 54 77 Hispanic/Latino —

55 and older 38 Other races/Not reported —

Total fatalities, 1995–99: 154

Average fatalities per year: 31

Five-year average fatality rate: 11.6

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 31

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

32 33 32

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

State average: 11.6

15

13.5

12

10.5

9

7.5

6

4.5

3

1.5

0

Number of fatalities Rate per 100,000 workers

12.7

12.0

7.8

12.2

13.1

28 29

*Please see caveats regarding the calculation of State rates in the State Profiles section introduction page and appendix II.

Wyoming
Agriculture, 

forestry, and fishing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation and

public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance,

and real estate

Services

Government

State Profiles 171

0 10 20 30 40 50

Number of fatalities

35 (23%)

NP 

21 (14%)

NP 

NP 

19 (12%)

14 (9%)

10 (6%)

18 (12%)

31 (20%)

OCCUPATION NUMBER (%)

Transportation and material moving occupations 41 (27%)

Other agricultural and related occupations 15 (10%)

Farming operators and managers 14 (9%)

Construction trades 10 (6%)

Technicians and related support occupations 9 (6%)

Assaults and

violent acts 

5%

Transportation 

incidents 

56%

(31% Highway,

12% Aircraft)

Falls 

8%

Contact with objects 

and equipment 

18%

(11% Struck by object)

Exposure to harmful

substances and

environments 

9%

Other 

3%

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES BY EVENT

WORK-RELATED FATALITIES 

BY MAJOR INDUSTRY

OCCUPATIONS WITH THE MOST

FATALITIES

NP indicates no data reported or data that do not meet publication criteria.

173

The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries is a Federal/State cooperative program administered by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics, charged with collecting detailed information on all work-related fatalities in the United States.

Chartered in 1992, the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries was developed to provide comprehensive, accurate,

timely, descriptive, and accessible information.

COMPREHENSIVE

The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries collects information on work-related

fatalities in all industries for all 50 States, the District of Columbia, and New York

City. The benefits of being a Federal/State cooperative program are numerous:

State and Federal source documents can be shared to obtain as much information on each injury as possible; costs

are shared between the Federal and State offices; and uniform rules and definitions can be applied to ensure consistency among the data. 

A work-related fatal injury is considered to be “in scope” for the fatality census program if the injury occurred

on the employer’s premises while the person was there to work; or off the employer’s premises while a person

was there to work, was there as a requirement for work, or was in work status. “Work” is formally defined as

legal duties, activities, or tasks that produce a product, service, or other result in exchange for money, goods,

services, profit, or other benefit.

Under the above definitions, some volunteer workers and unpaid family workers are considered in scope, as

are those workers traveling as a condition of their employment. Workers engaged in commuting or recreational

activities, however, are considered out of scope.

The distinction between injuries and illnesses also is significant: an injury is defined as any intentional or

unintentional wound or bodily damage resulting from acute exposure to kinetic energy, or the absence of such

Appendix I 
174

essentials as oxygen or heat caused by a specific

event, incident, or series of events within a single

workday or shift. Illnesses are any condition produced

in the work environment over a period longer than one

workday or shift, typically due to repetitive factors.

The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program is

a census of fatal occupational injuries; illnesses are

not reported. 

ACCURATE

To obtain information on every fatal work-related

injury, the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program uses a diverse collection of source documents,

including death certificates, medical examiner/coroner reports, State workers’ compensation reports,

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

reports, media accounts, follow-back questionnaires,

and others. Every fatality must be verified by multiple source documents, and, in 2000, there were more

than 22,000 source documents for 5,920 fatalities —

an average of almost 4 documents per incident.

In addition, the data are subjected to computer edits

and human editing review at the State, regional, and

Federal levels to ensure a high level of accuracy.

T IMELY

A significant part of injury prevention is identifying

injury trends and addressing them in a timely manner.

To accommodate this necessity, the fatality census

releases annually aggregated data about 9 months after

the end of the calendar year to which the data relate. 

DESCRIPTIVE

More than 30 data elements are collected through the

Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries program in order

to obtain as much information as possible about the

circumstances of the injury and the decedent.

Included are demographic data about the injured

worker, such as employee status (wage or salaried, selfemployed, etc.), age, race, occupation, and industry.

Other data elements define the circumstances sur-
175

rounding the fatal incident, such as the event (transportation incidents, assaults/violent acts, falls, etc.);

the sources of the injury (machinery, parts and materials, persons, chemicals, etc.); the activity of the worker when the incident occurred; the location of the

fatality; and medical details of the injury (puncture,

laceration, burn, embolism, etc.).

ACCESSIBLE

Data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries

are used for injury surveillance, safety research, safety promotion, safety training, regulations assessments,

and many other safety-related issues. The key to a successful statistical program is to provide the data to

people who can make a difference. Accomplishing

that requires easily accessible information, which the

fatality census strives to produce. Aggregated data and

reports from the fatality census can be obtained via the

Internet, e-mail, facsimile, telephone, annual publications, and research/journal articles. (See appendix III

for contact information.)
176

Fatality rates are used to compare the risk of incurring a fatal work injury among worker groups with varying

employment levels. Because employment data are not collected by the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, fatality rates were calculated using estimates of employed civilian workers (aged 16

and older) from the Current Population Survey supplemented by counts of the

resident Armed Forces provided by the U.S. Department of Defense. 

To accurately describe fatality risk for a worker group, the numerator

(fatalities) and denominator (employment) of the rate must refer to the same

group of workers. Because the employment data used in the rate calculations exclude workers under the age of

16, fatalities occurring to those workers also were excluded from the numerator. Fatality rates, expressed as the

number of fatal work injuries per 100,000 workers, were calculated as follows:

Fatality rate = (N / W) x 100,000

N = the number of worker fatalities, workers aged 16 and older (Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries)

W = the annual average number of employed workers aged 16 and older (Current Population Survey,

Department of Defense figures)

In 1999, there were 6,054 fatalities according to the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Of these, 6,028

occurred to workers aged 16 and older. According to the combined Current Population Survey and Department of

Defense figures, employment estimates for workers aged 16 and older totaled 134,666,000.

N = 6,028

W = 134,666,000

Fatality rate = (N / W) x 100,000

Fatality rate = (6,028 / 134,666,000) x 100,000 = 4.5

Fatality rate = 4.5 fatalities per 100,000 workers

Appendix II 
177

There are a number of limitations to these fatality rates:

■ The Current Population Survey employment data

used to calculate rates are estimates based upon a sample rather than a complete count. Therefore, the Current

Population Survey estimates and, consequently, the

fatality rates have sampling errors. The figures obtained

for the rates may differ from figures that would have

been obtained if it had been possible to take a census 

of employed persons. See “Explanatory Notes and

Estimates of Error” in the January 2000 issue of

Employment and Earnings for an explanation of

Current Population Survey sampling and estimation

methodology, and standard error computations. The relative standard errors of the Current Population Survey

employment estimates can be used to approximate confidence ranges for the fatality rates.

■ The Current Population Survey categorizes workers

according to their primary job, which may differ from

the job at which the deceased was working when 

fatally injured as reported in the Census of Fatal

Occupational Injuries.

■ The Current Population Survey counts workers by

their State of residence, whereas the Census of Fatal

Occupational Injuries counts them by State of injury.

Although these numbers are proportionally small when

considering national data, fatality rates may be affected

significantly in States with large numbers of commuters, migrant workers, business travelers, and workers in interstate transportation. The data reveal that

truckers in the transportation industry, for example,

incur a large number of occupational fatalities outside

of their domiciliary States. 

■ The rates are based on employment. They factor out

differences in the number of fatal work injuries between

worker groups due to different employment levels. They

do not take into account differences in the number of

hours worked. Hours-based rates, which factor out these

differences, are generally considered more accurate.

However, because of limitations in the availability of

data on hours worked, the rates are employment based.

■ Military fatalities are considered only for national

fatality rates. Rates calculated by State, industry division,

or demographic characteristic exclude these figures.

■ Fatality rates in this chartbook were calculated using

updated fatality numbers and may differ slightly from

rates previously published.

Fatalities occurring to workers in military occupations are shown separately in the National Profiles 

section. However, in the State Profiles, military occupations are included within the detailed occupations.

For example, a truckdriver in the military would be

shown as a truckdriver in the State section. In the

National Profiles section, these workers would be

shown in the 'Military Occupation' category.
Appendix III 

178

STATE AGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER

Alabama Department of Labor (334) 242-3460

Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development (907) 465-4539

Arizona Industrial Commission of Arizona (602) 542-3739

Arkansas Department of Labor (501) 682-4542

California Department of Industrial Relations (415) 703-4757

Colorado Department of Public Health (303) 692-2173

Connecticut Labor Department (860) 566-4380

Delaware Department of Labor (302) 761-8223

District of Columbia Center for Health Statistics (202) 442-5920

Florida Department of Financial Services (850) 922-8953

Georgia Department of Labor (404) 679-0687x113

Hawaii Department of Labor and Industrial Relations (808) 586-9001

Idaho Industrial Commission (208) 334-6090

Illinois Department of Public Health (217) 782-5750

Indiana Department of Labor (317) 232-2668

Iowa Department of Labor Services (515) 281-5151

Kansas Department of Health and Environment (785) 296-1058

Kentucky Labor Cabinet (502) 564-3070x281

Louisiana Department of Labor (225) 342-3126

Maine Bureau of Labor Standards (207) 624-6440

Maryland Division of Labor and Industry (410) 767-2356

Massachusetts Department of Public Health (617) 624-5627

Michigan Department of Consumer and Industry Services (517) 322-1851

Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry (651) 284-5568

Mississippi Department of Health (601) 576-7186

Missouri Department of Labor (573) 751-2454

STATE CENSUS OF FATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND TELEPHONE NUMBERS
179

STATE AGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER

Montana Department of Labor and Industry (406) 444-3297

Nebraska Workers’ Compensation Court (402) 471-3547

Nevada Division of Industrial Relations (775) 684-7081

New Hampshire Department of Public Health (603) 271-4647

New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services (609) 984-1863

New Mexico Occupational Health and Safety Bureau (505) 827-4230

New York State Department of Health (518) 402-7900

New York City Department of Health (212) 788-4585

North Carolina Department of Labor (919) 733-0337

North Dakota Bureau of Labor Statistics (312) 353-7253

Ohio Department of Health (614) 466-4183

Oklahoma Department of Labor (405) 528-1500

Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services (503) 947-7051

Pennsylvania Department of Health (717) 783-2548

Rhode Island Department of Health (401) 222-2812

South Carolina Department of Labor, Licensing & Regulation (803) 734-4298

South Dakota Bureau of Labor Statistics (312) 353-7253

Tennessee Department of Labor and Workforce Development (615) 741-1749

Texas Workers’ Compensation Commission (512) 804-4637

Utah Labor Commission (801) 530-6823

Vermont Department of Labor and Industry (802) 828-5076

Virginia Department of Labor and Industry (804) 786-6427

Washington Department of Labor and Industries (360) 902-5512

West Virginia Department of Labor (304) 558-7890

Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development (608) 266-7850

Wyoming Department of Employment, Research, and Planning (307) 473-3819
REGION ADDRESS TELEPHONE NUMBER

Boston Bureau of Labor Statistics (617) 565-2331

JFK Building, E-310

Boston, MA 02203

(CT, ME, MA, NH, NY, PR, RI, VT, VI)

Philadelphia Bureau of Labor Statistics (215) 861-5600

The Curtis Center, Suite 610 East

170 S. Independence Mall West

Philadelphia, PA 19106-3305

(DE, DC, MD, NJ, PA, VA, WV)

Atlanta Bureau of Labor Statistics (404) 562-2500

Room 7T50

61 Forsyth Street, SW

Atlanta, GA 30303

(AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN)

Chicago Bureau of Labor Statistics (312) 353-7226

230 South Dearborn, Room 900

Chicago, IL 60604

(IL, IN, IA, MI, MN, NE, ND, OH, SD, WI)

Dallas Bureau of Labor Statistics (212) 762-6953

525 Griffin Street, Room 221

Dallas, TX 75202

(AR, CO, KS, LA, MO, MT, NM, OK, TX, UT, WY)

San Francisco Bureau of Labor Statistics – OSH (415) 975-4373

P.O. Box 193766

San Francisco, CA 94119-3766

(AK, AZ, CA, HI, ID, NV, OR, WA)

180

O C C U PAT IO N A L S A F ETY A ND H E A LT H STAT IST I CS P ROG R AM 

REGIONAL OFFICES’ ADDRESSES AND TELEPHONE NUMBERS
181
182
Address

U.S. Department of Labor

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Postal Square Building

Room 3175

Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Program 

2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE

Washington, DC 20212

Telephone Number

(202) 691-6175

Facsimile Number

(202) 691-7862

Email

CFOISTAFF@bls.gov

Internet Site

http://www.bls.gov/iif/

NATIONAL OFFICE CONTACT INFORMATION
Office of Compensation and Working Conditions

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE

Washington, DC 20212-0001

Phone: 202-691-6175

Fax: 202-691-7862