140 

OFFICE OF THE 

Honorable L. is. %oode 

Stkt,e Superintendent of 

Awstln. Toxiq 

A-i-l-ORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS 

AUSTIN 

Public InstructJon 

prorid by law' 

tmt1on, Who80 

sd or eleote4 in 

authority and 

b, Seotion 1, prorl4ae.ae follows: 

"*There ie hereby oreateb the @&to Boer4 

of isduca t ion. Said Boar4 #hall aoa8fet or 

nine members to be appointed by the Governor, 

with the advioe snd oonmnt or the Senate.* 

";%rtlcle 2675b,,Zection 3, remde a8 follows: 
cjr the Board.* (EPrphaeZ.8 oure.) 

~&lo16 3663~ reads 46 iollowe: 

"*The Sate Suuperinten4ent ohall it16 all 

reports, doeuumte an4 paper8 transmitted 

to &la and the St6te Bosrfi by eotuity or 

0itg 60h00r 0rfi06r~, ~6 ma 611 0tm 

eourues pertelning to publio eohool8, and 

keep d 6cmp~ete index or the 66~6.' 

*s60tion s 0r n. B. 80. 859, 6n Aat or,&he 

Thirty-eighth Leglelature, Regular 8eeelon 19SS. reed6 

a6 rOliOVt6 f 

"'The State B6erd of BQuaatlon ie hereby 

de6ig6eted a6 the L3t6t6 BO6rd Or Voeatioeel 

Education, with neoerewy authority and porrrrr 

t6 6oop6rate with the B'ederel Board of Vsaetioti Xduaatlon, 68 ptsVfde6 en4 rrquilwl 

b; the said AOt of C6si&re66, in the a&&ri%6- 

tration or the previfbioae 0r eald AOtt end 

to do 8x1 thinnge wceeeary to entitle the 

&ate to reoei+e the full beaetite thereof.* 

*The state Boer6 or Eduaetlon lkte'follow# the praettae or tokizq en oath 0r orrio ,8e I6 reqtlired or all 

state orrloialE and boar4 menbere, whlah 08th i8 fil6d 

with the Beerutary 0r State. In additioa to thie oath, 

t.here I6 tlleQ with the Stete 8ioperinteadent~ot Pub110 

Iaetructlon ae 6~ 0fr ia l eoretary 0r the Board 66 

oath a8 prescribed in AztiOle SWSb, Sekotlon eaf the 

korleed Civil Statutea that the board meabere are not 

l sooaiated rith the textboek indqetrgia &nr of the 

oapaoiti68 68 are mentioae& in ,tbis et~6tat.e. Wuber6 

of the date Board ter V0oat10ae.l Xduaatfon have never 

t*icen an 06th of orrioe~ 88 l oob. 

“In four reoent 0pLnlon Ho. 0-Wle, you held that 

th6 State Booaril of. Esiuaation and the &ate D6partm6nt Of 

Iiduo ntiwere o n two l epeirate entltiee of goveraaent. The 

gueation hae.arieen as to whethnr th6 8tate~BOard,oi 

odua&ion und the State Bad ror Vaaetional Ed~uoet.ion 

are two separate entiCise oi 6overnmnt, or whether tho 

Stat6 Bonrd Gf Eduoation ha8 be6n given additional d&L 

ties by the LsgioLature fnoident to the aQminietretion ~ 

of, stat6 and Federal Voortton%l fun&. 
“xrticlo M75b, Seotloa 3, whioh I h;ive quote4 

ab:~e, has 4esl~ato4 the State Supedntanderit be a 

orriclo aoordarl of tha &State Board or Eduoatloa. I 

woald l&11* to know whether the Stat0 Ziuperlntendont 

of Yublio Instruction ie ex ofiioio aeoretmry or the 

State Board for Vooatlonal Muaatlon by virtue of the 

mt that the 8wkw statute nhioh Craates the Stat0 

i+rd of Bduaetion also detrigmtea the State Eiupcriatendett a8 it8 ax 0rrioi0 reorstary or roilether the 

&ate Boar4 for Vooatlonal Bbuaation an4 State Board 

or JCduo~tioa are tro aeparatr eatltlea 0r gotemnmt 

nod whether the etatate rhioh aontrola tbe mmbsrehlp 

of the &ate Board of fduoation and deelgnstor It8 ex 

orrioio reoretarg la not epplloable to the &ate Boar4 

tar Vooatlonal Eduoatlon and whether the State Bawd 

r0r vocational Eduoatioo nay replace the ex orrid 

aeoretary by a board order.” 

CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS - PAST'AND PRESENT: 

Art.iolc 7, seotion 8, state Oonstltutlon 0r 1876, 

read as follower 

“The~CbV4zPOlp, Oomntrollor an4 SeamtarT 0r 

state ehall~oonstltute a Bqasrd or Eduoation, who 

shall diotribute rrald run40 to the several oountfee 

an4 perform euoh other duties oonoemins publla 

8ohools a6 map be preooribed by law.* (gmphamir oura) 

By general eleotion he~ld November a, 1928, said seotlon 

or eaid Article wae amended to read a8 r0u0nt3: 

"The Legielature ehall provide by 'Law for a 

State Boer4 of Mlueatlon, whose membere shall be 

appolated or 'aleat. in suah manner and by auoh 

authority en4 ehall eerve ror suoh term as the 

Legislature shell preeoribe not to exoeed six gears. 

The mid board ahall perform euah duties ae sitiy be 

preiaoribed by law." 
143 

(1) : (Creating Boar4 0r hducatloa and State Board 0r &ducatlon): 

Before the adoption of the above aamdaent to our 

Constitution, .the Legieleture, by Art1018 e644, Vernon’s Anmotats4 Statutes, 9rovlded that; 

“The Uovernor, Searetary or Ytste end Oomptroller shall aonstltute a State Board oi Eduoatioa 

whloh shall hold its eeeeIone at histIn. The Governor 

shall be ex otiIOIo preeI&ent Of the board. The State 

Supertatendent ehall’be ex orilolo eeoretery or tbs 

(Bmpheeln ours) 

Since the above emen4ment was adopted as aioreeald, the 

&e”sgielature hae provided ror the oreation 0r the present State 

.' mm-d or Educetlon, ooneIetIng or alne members to ba appointed 

by the Uovernor, with the advloe eml aoneent of the Senete.The~; ‘. 

l uo o eeeo rto e the tlret boar4 ammbere shell. be appointed for SIX 

I 

ear terme, three membere to retire on January let, bIennIally. 

heir qualIiIeatio~I3, l lIgibllIty, powers, duties and ooqeneatlon are al80 fIxed. gate 19%9, Uet Lea., 8nd 0. S., 9. la, 

,Chap. 10.. (Arts. E67Sb-1 to 3675b-10, V.ki 0.9) 

iirth$.e &676b-3, Vernon’s Annotated Ulrll Statutee, 

provl4ee as r0u0w8: 

*The &tat8 Soerrd or Zdueatlon shall organlee 

by the 8lsptiOn tf one Of It8 msbere a(1 preeldent, 

an4 the State juperlntendent of Publlo Instruction 

shall be~%elo eeerettiy or the Board." 

?6mphaele our;01 
By irrtiole a678b-5, VeMoate Annotated OIvIl Statutes, 

*ai& ;itste Bonrd 0r d4uoatIon Gas l sgmwend and dIreat*& to Ia- 

.,mdlat.ely t&se over and Qlech~rga al.1 dutlea Iapose4 by law upon 

the 3omd or Educotlon then In exletence at the. tIrPa said new 

-ot t;ok erreat. (de Art. MM to 8475-1, V.A.C.S., ror membership and duties or Board then In l xleteaoe) . In a44ltIon to 

aaId dutlae, It le therein provided that said tit&to i&ard or 

aduuation “iilall WHOM eubh other duties am mar fwm time to 

tlq* be prrreoribed by the &gIelatur~.w In difltioa to th8 foreUOI~U. eald &ate Boar4 0r lMuaatIon Se epeelrIoellr required to 

-erf%m those duties set forth Ik l ub4IvIofon8 (a) ,- (b) i (a), (a), P e1, (i), and (6) or said mtlole SNlbb-5, cab in kmtlelee Bdlsb-f3 

and 2896b-9, Vernon*8 imeotnted Civil Statutes. (~~eie ok 

(2) - (Providing tot Vocatloonal Bdueatlon): 

By kieotlon 3 or the SmIth+u@iee hot (nor 3eotlon 16, 

Chapter 8, Title e0, U.S.C.&), approved Pebruery’&$, 1919, Congress 

provided as rououet 

Vhat In order to l eaure the be~erlte of the 

approprIatIone provided ror in 88otIone two, three 

an4 rour or this Act, any State shall, through the 

1egielatIve autborlty thereor. aoeept .the provlelone 

or~~thie Aot and deal at0 or iareate aState Board 

eoneletina 0r nod&an tmmber8~. an4 hair 

ia6 all n~oeeeary power to cooperate as h&da provided., with the Federel Board for Vooatioael B;duoatlon In the l daIaietratIon or the prorIelone 0r tble 

aot . The state Boar4 or %duoatIon, or other board 

herin 

rooat f 

o&s&e 0r the admlnletratlon 0r any .rtied 0r 

oeel edueatlon In the S.tate, me 

ma l leot, be 5eeI ate4 es the State 

purpose or~(EppheeIe ~ow~~:‘,*“‘~“” 

thetlon lZ3 of said Smith-Rughem Aot (noti Section 23, 

Title a0, U.S.C.a), requires any Strtte, In order to reoelre the 

Fe4erel ap+sopriatlone provlbed for thsreunder, to epjolnt, by 

Its leglelatlve authority, its Atate Treasurer as ~uetodlan 0r 

said ye&em1 appropplietlone. 
145 

H. B. 239, 33th Leg., Chap. 131, which provider 

for vooational eduoatlon ln Texas, end the aoceptanoe of 

benefit8 under the Smith-Hughe Aat, we8 approved Yarah 24, 

1923fand became eirratire aase date. This 3. B. 2S9 alw 

valldntee prevloua acoeptenoe8 by the Stnte of mob benerltr, 

titer the Steto Treasurer a8 ourtodien of all fund8 

:;;:a atate .' rrolp approprlutlonr under said f,ot. 

3aotlon 3 or said H. B. 2S9 reads as rollowrr 

*The &ate ibard Of SduCatlOn i8 heroby 

deel~ated 88 tke 3tato Doerd or Vooatlonal 

Eduoatlon, with nooossary authority and power 

to moperet wlth tho Fodoral Board of Voo8tloael 

Education, a# provltlad md required by the 8ald 

riot 0r congre88, in the adminlrtratlon or tho 

pro~l8lon8 Oi said AOt$ and t0 d0 au thing8 ,IlbOO8- 

wry to entftlo tho 8titst8 to noolvo tho full beaorit8 therwi.* (bpha810 Ourl) 

Whllo 8aid B. B. gf9 do88 not appsar in our Rot1806 

Clvll Ytatotes, it ha8 been kept in iOr00 and Oris& in Texar by 

3aotlon b or. tho i%n8l, Tltlo thereof. 

(a) - (Providing tar Voootlonal Robebilltatlon)r 

The pmmotlon or vooatlonal kehabl1ltatlon we8 rlr8t 

provldod ror by en i;Ot of Dongro88 approved June 2, 1920. Said 

irat aa amended ‘jU.3.C. II., Tltlo 19, Chap. r-i ha8 rocontly beon 

&mendOd by Publle law 113, 7Sth CO?h3088, Chap. 190, tit 68881On 

0r sala COzigre88, approrod July 6, 194s. 

rioetioa 3 or sald orlginsl act or Juno 2, 1920 (now 

jdotlon S4, a8 esendod, of Tttlo 29, U.3. C. A.), oentainl, 

among otherr, tho foll.owlng provl8ion8r 

“hr ordor to secure the benefits of the apptopriatiOA8 authorlsod by 80OtiOn 31 Ot thi8 title 

(seotlon 1 0r said orlgfnal diet) ary 8tato shall, 

throu& tho Iegl8latlvo authority thereor, (1) aooept th% ~rov1~10ns or seotions 3144 or *hi8 title; 

I-- 
Fed&l 

woperrrto as heroin provided wlth tho 

Security rgenay ln the adminlstr~~tlon at 

the qroviSion8 Ot 8OOtiOll8 3144 Of thl8 title; 

l * (5) appoint e8 oustodl~qf+or said appropriatlone its Ytato Troasuror, ; Provided, that 

any State whloh, prior to Juno 50, 1939, ha8 aooeptod and otherwise oompllad with tho provision8 

of WOtiOIl8 S1-44 Or thi8 tit10 8h811 be deowd 

to hare aooopted and aoaplled wit& tho provisions 

Or this 8OOtlOlI." (Eaphe8i8 Our81 

S., Q* 57, aa 

s. 19E5), the %’ f518- 

bOnefit Of ssld 

By irat8 Or l!m, 4i8t kg., i8t c. 

23 (now iirt. iZb75-1, tiOotiOn8 1 and 8, . a. C. 

latw or TCxua, aaoeptod tho provirlon8 8na 

original R&abllitatlon txot of COA~~O~?, a8 th8a amndod Juno 

5, 1984, and authorlaed and l apowerod the Troerurer ai Toxa8 to 

reoelvo 8aid Fodaral tutIdS, 8.nd * + * "to 58~ dl8buE8UaUIt8 

therefrom upon tin order 0r the Stat0 Board tor'V.ooatioml .' 

liduoation.* Said State Bo&rd of Vooatloaal Eduoatlon *a# l lw 

*empowered awl lnatruotod to oooperato with th8 teras end eondltiOn8 UPFO88ed itI the Act Or cuJUrO88 &fO~~Said." 

lz~C’l?S DISCU6WD 

,Thg8, m 800 that the Board 0r Eduoatloa, as orlgim8lly 

protfdod for in OUT ~ll8titUtiOll; *88 OOaW8d Or O&V three Bpar8, ri~cr the Ooverwr, Secretary or 61tate end Comptroller. Tho 

8tatUtO (Art. 8664, V.A. GA.) provided that *the Governor 8hall 

be OF oiiioio pre8idont ot the board.” The 8amo statute air 

provided that *the Stats Superiatrnbont rhall be ox 0rri0i0 liooro- . 

tary 0r the Board gd 8hall kesp 8 0otmlete rooor6 ot all it8 

roooodln a whloh rhab be 8lgaed by tho presldont end atto&d 

w y t o Beorotary." (~h~sls our8) 

i&tot Seotlaon 8 or lirtlole 7 ot our Oon8titutlon we8 

awndod 01). ETovomber 6, 1988, a8 herolnabovo ItotOd, a aew Stat0 

&mrd of Pduoetlon, oompo8od ot nine m~abera, ~88 areated .by tho 

bgialature, tand with oertaln power8 and datieo hemln pMViOU81J 

referred to. El. B. 79,~AOt8 Or 19i29,~ 418t Leg., 2nd G. 8.. p. 
12, Oh. 10. (The first tell (lo,) SOOtiOn Of said hot are BOW 

tits. 2675b-1 to 2675b-10, v.A.c.6.). out StJtate B0QX.d of 

~Eduoaflon, as now oonatituted, oame into existence by virtue 

or aald Act. 

Khile the Governor had been dsei.gnated by the kgiSlature (LB the ex oif 5050 prealdant of the old Board (:+rt. 2664, 

V.A.C. S.), the new Board was empowered Pnd dlreoted by the 

Le~5alBt!lre to *organ5m by the OleOtiOB Of one of its amber8 

aa prea+mt, and the State Superlntendbnt of Pub150 Instruction 

shall be l x offlclo l eoretary of the Boerd.a 

V.A.O. S.). 

(Art. 267Sb-3, 

Thus, while the BOW Board wae allowed to choose 

the president thereof by eleoting 0110 of its memhera as such, 

the State. &ipM.nteadant of Pub156 IU6itrUCtlOB was .by statute 

&ealgnatrd~. ae the ex+f1050 seocetory of said BOW Board, 08 

he had been ao dealgmted for t.he orlghal Board. 

By t~ha Pl’OViSionS of IlrtiOle 267fib-8, VbrBOB’S ABBEtated Civ,ll Statutea,“it le. made the duty of the Sgaw Board of 

Bduoation, Orehted by this Let (arts: 26775b-1 to -10, V. 

A. C.S.;. to tidlatslf take over ad diaoharue all duties impaed bf‘Dreaent laws ubon the Board oft Edkcation in ariatetme 

at the time this Act tak$~~~~~~~~ie.ot.W ThereSore. raid new Boar& 

of nlqe ammbara has superseded the old Board of -thrie members. 

(See Seotion 11 of aald-El. B. 79, wh59h provides that “all laws 

an& part* of laws In Oontl5ot witb.rap provision of this Aot 

are hereby repaaled.W) (Emphaala ours) 

ft should now be remembered that it wan the original 

three-member State Board oi Bduoation. that was deaf 

the State Board or Vooatlonal Education. (ii. 

,B. S. 

B. 

192a, 

d%H &. , 

1923). 

approved Maroh 24, 192s aBd effectire M&h 24, 

~. 

de85 

kiter said origiptd Board had been io’previouely 

,e 

ated &a the State Board of Voootional. Eduoatlon, said 

'@oWered and 

Board. then Oon85at5ng.of three members, wae emlnetructed to promote Wtioatlonel reheb5litation in 

Texas by oooparatlsg with the term and aonditlona ot the Act 

of Cokgraaa providing for same. 

8. - AOta of 1929, 4lat Leg., 1st 

(Art. 2675-1, Sea. 2, V. A. C. 

C. 3,. ,p. 57,~ Chap. ,22). 

It au& also be observed that, under ~the provisions 

oi' the Smith-Kkghea Aot hereinabove referred to, t.he Leglalatum 

ocdtild either, designate or oreete a State board of not .le.vs khan 
Eonoruble L. rl. isood8, +&e 9 

t&e8 PZ&PDbe.fa as a State .Bourd Or vOOe+tiOtial Bd+OatiOB. It 

oreated DO @ew &oar&, ‘but d~~~:~~t~~~“,“du~~~~B~~~ 2. 

~uoation as the *ate Soar 

a5uoe added to said Soard*a duties the prom&Ion of vooational 

re~b~litatlon, as oloreaa56. Therefore, instend of oreotlng a 

new board of not leas thaa three nembera to promote vocational 

eduoation and vocational rahab5l5tation in Toxaa, euoh duties 

were alaply added to those already be$ng performed by the then 

‘Board OS Eduoatlon. Furthermore. when’the new &ate Board of 

6duoatlon’waa oreated, and the Aot oraating it beoam erreotlve, 

as aSoreaa5d, it took over, by leg5aletlve aandate, all duties 

then lapooad ‘by law upon the OrigiBa1 Board. These duties ineluded the promt4on of vooatlonal educatton and rooatlonal rehabil5tat5o~ in Texas.. I3y statute, tha State Superlntcadent 

of Publlo IBatrUOtioB was dealguated the l x-ofi5olo aeoretary 

OS said new Board. (Art. 267Sb-5) . Said statute has never 

born aaeadad or repealed. 

“The irmpoaltlon’ ofadd5t5onal du,tlea upon a~. 

existing 0ff504, to be performed under a d5tSarent 

title, doer not oonatftutr the .enation oi a new 

ofsfoe. 

‘AB oSil& to whloh the duties of auodher are 

added remains ~te.cbnloally a ~olngle oifl.ee; it la 

not an orrloe under its own nau@ and title and another under the naae of ‘the one whose datles are 

annexed to it.. Corpua Juria, Vol. 46, p. 934, par. 

29. 

, 

See al60 Powe31 v. Ik’ilaon, 16 Tax. 69; Klnnig I. Zimplan&n, 36 

T. 554; Allen v. U. S. Bideltty Co., ASS Ill. A 198 (affirm. 269 

Ill. 234, 109 El. B. 1035); State v. Powell, lQ9 Ohio St. 983, 

142 N. Ji. 401~ B~tf+5eld v. Ulngo 00. Ct., 80 Y. Va. 166, 92 S. IX. . 

245. Flret Bap. Ch. v. City of Ft. Worth, (Gem. App.) 26 S. W. 

(2&f 196; City or Hououston v. Stswsrt (+ex Sup. Ct.) 87 9. W 

663i liucaline i&dloine Co. v. k%and&d Im: Co., (Tex. Civ. A&.) 

25 3. W. (26) 259; Pr. Her.; 

1080, 122 T. 328. 

Jones v. tilexauder, 59 S. W. (26). 
EoBor&bie L. A. koOSa, ‘pa&e 10 

se0 .alao taxes tar Rer5su, Vol. lS, 

atruotive artlok and oltrtlo~8~in polnti ad 

Vol. 29, p. 376;,et seq., under *OS?5oera,~ Key lfo. 30. 

Where oerbaln dutlaa are oonterred by the Lo#lSlatUm 

upon a dea5gnated ~fliobr, the &giulatrrrr lr the only authority 

uhetoby l ald duties mr bo withdram or oonierrrb upoa others. 

By *oortain duties” ir pcuI), of, eouxae, those dflgle8. uhloh the 

Iag5akture has p0ver to 00&w. Al%. 8, 8OOtiOB 1, COlUtitUtiOB 

of 'h&a; Bxown v. City of Galraatoa, 97 T. 9, Tb 9. W. dS8; 27 

Tax. Jur.; p. 42s. par. 9. 

In view of the tongo5rrg, the questlaM l ubaitted 

in your ooauwmioatloa am anewaxed 88 foll~vrr 

rot 

*tat. The stat. Board 

by the Legla&turo, to 

tk adminlatratlaa of State and Fodetal toaatfonal trtada. 

By rlxtw of the pxorl85on8~0$ hxtiole 8695b-3 

Vernoa*a i&otatrd Clvll Btatute8 the Mate ZWm9.atoBdent iif 

Publio Inatntot5oa la t&a l r-ntflho 8eoretary of 8hr State 

Board of Ydueation iri fho diaahnrge of any and all of it8 duties, regnfdlaea or whether it iunotlona~ as the 8teto Board of 

Eduoatloa OF .aa the State &ax& for Voaatilonal Edwaflon. 

5. The State Board or Bduoatlon,wMt~ec rUE+OtiOBiae 

as auoh or as the atate Board t&r v0Oational~PDhtoation, ir wlth- 
--” 

pnorab3.e L., ,+. Noode, prigs 11 

out p& or authority to r@aoe the State Superfntsadent 

of Publio Instruot’lon a8 ex-offiolo Sooratary of said Bosld. 

Very truly your8 

ATTOILHIR WSNIEBILL OF TBXAS 

COMMll-WE