## TSD-1c Emission Processing for the Revised 2002 OTC Regional and Urban 12 km Base Case Simulations

Bureau of Air Quality Analysis and Research Division of Air Resources New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

September 19, 20061. Overview

......................................................................................................................... 4 2. Em ission Inventories

....................................................................................................... 4 2.1 MANE-VU

................................................................................................................ 4 2.1.1 Area Sources

...................................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 Nonroad Sources

................................................................................................ 4 2.1.3 Mobile Sources

.................................................................................................. 5 2.1.4 Point Sources

..................................................................................................... 5 2.2 CENRAP

................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Area Sources

...................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Nonroad Sources

................................................................................................ 6 2.2.3 Mobile Sources

.................................................................................................. 6 2.2.4 Point Sources

..................................................................................................... 6 2.3 VISTAS

..................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.1 Area Sources

...................................................................................................... 6 2.3.2 Nonroad Sources

................................................................................................ 7 2.3.3 Mobile Sources

.................................................................................................. 7 2.3.4 Point Sources

..................................................................................................... 7 2.4 MRPO

....................................................................................................................... 7 2.4.1 Area Sources

...................................................................................................... 7 2.4.2 Nonroad Sources

................................................................................................ 8 2.4.3 Mobile Sources

.................................................................................................. 8 2.4.4 Point Sources

..................................................................................................... 8 2.5 Canada

....................................................................................................................... 9 2.5.1 Area Sources

...................................................................................................... 9 2.5.2 Nonroad Sources

................................................................................................ 9 2.5.3 Mobile Sources

.................................................................................................. 9 2.5.4 Point Sources

..................................................................................................... 9 3. Mobile6 Processing

....................................................................................................... 10 3.1 MANE-VU

.............................................................................................................. 10 3.1.1 Mobile6 input files

........................................................................................... 10 3.1.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

...................................................................... 10 3.1.3 Tem p e r ature averaging

.................................................................................... 11 3.2 CENRAP

................................................................................................................. 11 3.2.1 Mobile6 input files

........................................................................................... 11 3.2.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

...................................................................... 11 3.2.3 Tem p e r ature averaging

.................................................................................... 11 3.3 VISTAS

................................................................................................................... 12 3.3.1 Mobile6 input files

........................................................................................... 12 3.3.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

...................................................................... 12 3.3.3 Tem p e r ature averaging

.................................................................................... 12 3.4 MRPO

..................................................................................................................... 12 3.4.1 Mobile6 input files

........................................................................................... 12 3.4.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 auxiliary files

...................................................................... 12 3.4.3 Tem p e r ature averaging

.................................................................................... 12

24. Biogenic Em ission Processing

...................................................................................... 13 5. Tem poral Allocation

..................................................................................................... 13 5.1 MANE-VU

.............................................................................................................. 13 5.1.1 Area and nonroad sources

................................................................................ 13 5.1.2 Mobile sources

................................................................................................. 13 5.1.3 Point Sources

................................................................................................... 13 5.2 CENRAP

................................................................................................................. 13 5.3 VISTAS

................................................................................................................... 14 5.4 MRPO

..................................................................................................................... 14 5.5 Canada

..................................................................................................................... 14 6. Speciatio n ...................................................................................................................... 15 7. Spatia l Allocation

.......................................................................................................... 15 7.1 U.S.

......................................................................................................................... 15 7.2 Canada

..................................................................................................................... 15

31. Overview All em issions processing for the re vised 2002 OTC regional and urban 12 k m base case simulations w a s perform e d with SMOKE2.1 co m p iled on a Red Hat 9.0 Linux operating system with the Portland group fo rtran com p iler version 5.1. The em issions processing was performed on a m o n t h-by-m onth and RPO-by-RPO basis, i.e. SMOKE process i ng was performed for each month for each of the RPOs (MANE-VU, VISTAS, CENRAP, MRPO) individually as well as for Canada. For each m onth/RPO com b ination, a separate S M OKE ASSIGNS file was created, and the leng th of the epis ode in each of these ASSI GNS f iles was set to the entire m ont h. Also, as discussed in S ection 3, there was no difference between “episod e-averag e” temperatures and “m onthly-average” tem p eratures for the Mo bile6 s i m u lations th at us ed the optio n of tem p erature av erag ing. This document is s t ru ctu r ed as f o llo ws: A listing of all em ission inven t or ies is given in Section 2, organized by RPO and source catego r y. Section 3 d i scu sses the Mobile6 processing approach em ployed for the different RPOs, while Section 4 describes the processing of biogenic em issions with BEIS3.12. Finally, Sections 5 through7 describ e the tem poral allocation, speciati on, and spatial allocation of the em issions inventories, respectively. 2. Emission In ventories 2.1 MANE-VU Version 3 of the MANE_VU inventory wa s utilized to generate CMAQ-ready em issions. This em issions inventory data we re ob tained from the MANEVU archive in April 2006. 2.1.1 Area Sources

• Files: MANEVU_ A REA_ SMOKE_INPUT_ANNUAL_SUMMERDAY_040 606.txt and MANE VU_AREA_SMOKE_I NPUT_ A NNUAL_ W I N TERDAY_040606.txt prepared by PECHAN, downloaded from ftp.marama.org (usernam e m a ne-vu, password exchange) • Fugitive du s t corr ection: This was ap plied a s cou n ty-spec i f i c corre ction f a ctors f

o r SCC’s listed a t http://www.epa.gov/ttn /chief/em c h/invent/index.h t m l # dust ; the correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac. txt was obtained fro m EPA’s CAIR NODA f t p site http://www.airm o d elingftp.com (password protected). ; this adjustm e nt was performed using the SMOKE pro g ram s cntlmat and grwinven to generate an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE pro cessing 2.1.2 Nonroad Sources

• File: MANEVU_NRD20 02_SMOKE_030306 prepared by PECHAN; downloaded fro m ftp.marama.org (usernam e mane-vu, password exchange)

42.1.3 Mobile Sources

• VMT/Speed: MANEVU_2002_ m b inv_02022006_addCT.txt prepared by PECHAN a nd NESCAUM; downloaded from http://bronze.nescaum

. org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar 2.1.4 Point Sourc e s

• Files: MANEVU_ P oint_SMOKE_INPUT _ANNUAL _SUMMER DAY_0410 06.txt and MANEVU_ P oint_SMOKE_INPUT _ANNUAL_ W INTERDAY_041006 .txt prepared by PECHAN were downloaded fro m ftp.marama.org (usernam e m a nevu, password exchange) • Fugitive du s t corr ection: This was ap plied a s cou n ty-spec i f i c corre ction f a ctors f

o r SCC’s listed a t http://www.epa.gov/ttn /chief/em c h/invent/index.h t m l # dust ; the correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac. txt was obtained fro m EPA’s CAIR NODA f t p site http://www.airm o d elingftp.com (password protected). ; this adjustm e nt was performed using the SMOKE pro g ram s cntlmat and grwinven to generate an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE pro cessing • Corrected the om ission of 2,100 tons/year VOC em issions from several point sources in NJ. NJDEP provided updated IDA files on June 30 that were used for modeling. 2.2 CENRAP The inventory data were obtained from the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006 and reflect version BaseB of the CENRAP inventory. 2.2.1 Area Sources

• Files: o CENRAP_ A REA_ SMOKE_INPUT_ANN_ ST ATES_0817 05.txt o CENRAP_ A REA_MISC_SMOKE _INPUT_ANN_STATE_071905.txt o CENR AP_ A REA_ BURNING_SM OKE_INP UT_ANN_ TX_ NELI_071905.txt o CENRAP_AREA_MISC_SMOKE _INPUT_NH3_MONTH_{MMM} _072805.txt where {MMM} is JAN, FEB, ... DEC o CENR AP_ A REA_ SMOKE_INP UT_NH3_M ONTH_{M MM} _071905.txt where {MMM} is JAN, FEB, ... DEC • Fugitive du s t corr ection: This was ap plied a s cou n ty-spec i f i c corre ction f a ctors f

o r SCC’s listed a t http://www.epa.gov/ttn /chief/em c h/invent/index.h t m l # dust ; the correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac. txt was obtained fro m EPA’s CAIR NODA f t p site http://www.airm o d elingftp.com (password protected). ; this adjustm e nt was performed using the SMOKE pro g ram s cntlmat and grwinven to generate an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE pro cessing • Note about area and nonroad source S M OKE processing for the CENRAP region: All area source inventories (both annual and m o n t h-specific) were processed in
5one step through SMOKE. SMK_ AVEDAY_ YN was set to N, so seasonal profiles were used to apportion the a nnual inventories num bers by m onth. This setting was also used for the nonroad pr ocessing perform e d in a separate step. This was necessary since the m onth-specifi c files had zero in their ‘ave rag e -day’ colum n and the annual total colum n re flects the “monthly em i ssions as annual totals” as per header line. Therefore, seasonal profiles are used to apportion both the annual and m onth-specific f iles. As described below, we utilized the tem poral profiles and cross-reference files gene rated by CENRAP. Ho wever, we did not verify that this approach indeed lead s to the intended m onthly allocation of ammonia and nonroad em issions.
2.2.2 Nonroad Sources

• Files: o CENRAP_ NONROAD_SMOKE_I NPUT_ A NN_071305.txt o CENRAP_ NONROAD_SMOKE_I NPUT_MONTH_{MM M }_071305.txt where {MMM} is JAN, FEB, ... DE C 2.2.3 Mobile Sources

• VMT/Speed files: o mbinv02_vm t_cenrap_ce.ida o mbinv02_vm t_cenrap_no.ida o mbinv02_vm t_cenrap_so.ida o mbinv02_vm t_cenrap_we.ida 2.2.4 Point Sourc e s

• File: CENRAP_POINT _SMOKE_I NPUT_ A NNUAL_ DAI LY_072505. txt • Fugitive du s t corr ection: This was ap plied a s cou n ty-spec i f i c corre ction f a ctors f

o r SCC’s listed a t http://www.epa.gov/ttn /chief/em c h/invent/index.h t m l # dust ; the correction factor file gcntl.xportfrac. txt was obtained fro m EPA’s CAIR NODA f t p site http://www.airm o d elingftp.com (password protected). ; this adjustm e nt was performed using the SMOKE pro g ram s cntlmat and grwinven to generate an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE pro cessing. 2.3 VISTAS
All VISTAS em ission files were obtained fr om th e Alpine Geophysics ftp site. They reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS invent ory with the exception of fire em issions which reflect BaseF and BaseD. These file s were downloaded between February and August, 2006. 2.3.1 Area Sources

• Files:

6o arinv_vistas_2002g_2453922_w_p mfac.txt o ida_ar_fire_2002_vistaonly_basef.ida • Note: the h e ader lines of these f i les i ndicate tha t the f ugitiv e dust cor r ec tion was already applied, so no furthe r correction was perform e d. 2.3.2 Nonroad Sources

• Files: o nrinv_vistas_2002g_2453908.txt o m a rinv_vistas_2002g_2453972.txt 2.3.3 Mobile Sources

• VMT/Speed file: m b inv_vistas_02g_v m t _12jun06.txt 2.3.4 Point Sourc e s

• Files: o Annual:
 egu_ptinv_vistas_2002 typ_baseg_2453909.txt
 negu_ptinv_vistas_2002typ_baseg_2453909.txt
 ptinv_fires_{MM}_typ. vistas. i da w h ere {MM} is 01, 02, 03, etc. depending on the m onth; these annual point fire files were generated as part of the VIST AS Ba seD inventory and were obtained in January 2005 o Hour-specific:
 pthour_2002 typ_baseg_{ MMM}_28jun2006.em s where {MMM} is jan, f e b, m a r, etc.
 pthour_fires_{MM}_typ.vistas. ida w h ere {MM} is 01, 02, 03, etc. depending on the m onth; these hourly point fire f iles were generated as part of the VIST AS Ba seD inventory and were obtained in January 2005 • Note: No f ugitiv e dust c o rrec tion wa s perf orm e d f o r these f ile s. 2.4 MRPO MRPO e m is sions for SMOKE m o d e ling were generated by Alpine Geophysics through a contract fro m MARAMA to convert the MRPO BaseK inventory from NIF to IDA for m at. The files were d o wnloaded from the MARAMA ftp site ftp.marama.org (usernam e m a ne-vu, password exchange) between April and June 2006. 2.4.1 Area Sources

• Files: o Annual:
 arinv_m ar_m rpok_2002 _27apr2006. txt
 arinv_other_m rpok_2002 _20jun2006.txt o Month-specific:

7 arinv_nh3_2002_ m r pok_{ mmm}_3 may2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc.
 dustinv_2002_ m r pok_{mmm}_23 may2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc. • Fugitive du s t corr ection: This corr ection was perf orm e d only to the arinv_other_m rpok_2002 _20jun2006.txt file using county-specific correction f

actors f o r SCC’s liste d at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/em ch/invent/index.htm l #dust ; the correctio n factor f ile gcntl.xp ortf rac. txt w a s obta i ne d from EPA’s CAIR NODA ftp site http://www.airm odelingftp.com (pas sword protected). ; this adjustm e nt was perform e d u s ing the SMOKE program s cntl m a t and grwinven to generate an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE pro cessing. • Note about area source S M OKE processing: SMOKE processing was perfor m ed separately f o r the annual and m onth-sp ecific files

. For the ann u al inven t ory processing, SMK_AVE DAY_ YN was set to N, so seasonal profiles were used to apportion the annual inventories number s by month. For the m onth-specific inventory processing, this variable w a s se t to Y so that no seasonal profiles would be applied and the inventory num bers in th e ‘average day’ colum n would be used. To save a SMOKE processing step, the annual “m arine” inventory “arinv_m ar_m rpok_2002 _27apr2006. txt” was pro cessed together with the annual “other area source” inventory “a rinv _other_m r pok_2002_20jun2006.txt” even though it technically is part of the nonroad inventory. 2.4.2 Nonroad Sources

• Files: nrinv_2002_ m r pok_{ mmm}_3 m a y2006.txt where {mmm} is jan, feb, etc. 2.4.3 Mobile Sources

• VMT/Speed file: m b inv_ m r po_02f_ v m t_02 m a y06.txt 2.4.4 Point Sourc e s

• Files: ptinv_egu_negu_2002_ m r pok_1 m a y2006.txt • Fugitive du s t corr ection: This corr ection was perf orm e d only to the arinv_other_m rpok_2002 _20jun2006.txt file using county-specific correction f

actors f o r SCC’s liste d at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/em ch/invent/index.htm l #dust ; the correctio n factor f ile gcntl.xp ortf rac. txt w a s obta i ne d from EPA’s CAIR NODA ftp site http://www.airm odelingftp.com (pas sword protected). ; this adjustm e nt was perform e d u s ing the SMOKE program s cntl m a t and grwinven to generate an adjusted IDA inventory file used for subsequent SMOKE pro cessing.

82.5 Canada 2.5.1 Area Sources

• File: AS2000_SMOKEr eady.txt obtained from ftp://ftp.epa. gov/Em isInventory / can ada_2000in v entory • Fugitive du s t corr ection: We applied “d ivide

- by-f our” cor r ec tion f o r SCC’s lis ted at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/em ch/inven t/ind e x.htm l #dust ; th is ad justm e nt was perform e d o u tside SMO K E with in-house Fortran program s. No county/provincespecific co rrection factors were available for Can a da 2.5.2 Nonroad Sources

• File: NONROAD2000_ SMOKEready.txt obtained fro m ftp://ftp.epa. gov/Em isInventory / can ada_2000in v entory 2.5.3 Mobile Sources

• File: MOBILE2000_SMOKEready.txt obtained fro m ftp://ftp.epa. gov/Em isInventory / can ada_2000in v entory • Fugitive du s t corr ection: applied “div ide-by-f our ” corre ction f o r SCC’s lis ted at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/em ch/invent/index.htm l #dust ; this adjus t m e nt was perform e d o u tside of SMOKE with in-house Fortran program s. No county/province-specific correction fa ctors were available for Canada.
2.5.4 Point Sourc e s There has long been difficulty in obtai ning an up-to-date Canadian criteria em issions inventory for point sources. This is du e larg ely to conf identia lity righ ts afforded to Canadian facilities. Thu s far, the m o st recent inventory of Canadian point sources is ro oted in the 1 985 NAPAP data and is close to two decades o l d. Because th ere are a num ber of high emitting indus trial facilities in southern Canada it is of particular im portance to have a reasonably accurate i nventory of these sources especially when modeling air quality over the Northeast and Midw est United States. Toward this end, an effort was made to obtain m o re recent Canadian point source data and incorporate it into an inventory database, which could then be used for the 2002 OTC air quality m odeling. Perhaps the most accurate and publicly accessib l e source of Canadian po llutant data is now available from the National Po llutant Release Inventory (NPRI) database. This database contains 268 substances. Faci lities that m a nufacture, process or otherwise use one of these substan ces and th at m eet re porting thresholds are required to report these em issions to Environm e n t Canada on an annua l basis. The N P RI data are available at Environm en t Canada’s website and can be found at the link http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_ho m e _e.cfm . The page ho sts an on-lin e search eng i ne where one can locate emissions by pollutant or lo cation. In a ddition, the entire datab a se is available for download as an MS Access or Excel file. The N P RI database contains

9nu m e rous pages with a rather com p r e hensive lis t of inf o rm ation. Detaile d inf o rm ation is available ab out each facility, includ in g lo cation, activ ity and annual em issions. In addition, facilities having stacks with a height of 50 m e ters or m o re are required to report stack pa rameters. Unf o rtunately, one of the lim itations of th e NPRI database for modeling purposes is tha t the d a ta ar e only a v ailab l e a t the f acility le vel. Em issions m odels require pro ces s level inf o rmation, so in order to u s e this da ta, a f e w generalizations had to be m a de. Each f

acility has a Standard In dustrial Cla s sif i cat ion (S IC) code ass o ciated with it; howeve r , em issions models require Source Classifica tion C odes (SCC’s). SCC’s are of critical im portance as the em issions m odels use thes e codes for assign m e nt of temporal and speciation profiles. SIC codes describe the ge ne r a l ac tivity of a f acility while SCC codes describe specific processes taking place at each facility. W h ile no direct relationship exists b e twe e n these two codes, a ge neral al beit s ubjective as socia tion can be m a de. For the purp o ses of creating a m odel-ready inv e ntory file it was necess a ry to obtain th e whole NPRI database. After m e rging all the necessary components from the NPRI databas e req u ired in the SMOKE inventory file, the SIC code from each facility was exam ined and assigned an SCC code. In m o st cases, only a S CC3 level code was assigned with conf idenc e . W h ile this is adm ittedly a less than desirab l e p r ocess, it doe s allow for the use of the most recen t em issions from the NPRI datab a se to be used in modeling. Furtherm ore, having som e level of SCC associa t ed with thes e e m issions will ensure th at they will be assigned a te mporal and specia tion p r of ile by th e m odel, othe r than the default. Once the m odel-ready invent ory file was developed, it was processed through SMOKE. 3. Mobile6 Pr ocessing 3.1 MANE-VU 3.1.1 Mobile6 inp u t f iles

• Month-specific input files were prep ared by PECHAN and NESCAUM and were downloaded fro m http://bronze.nescaum

. org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar • Added the line “REBUI LD EFFECTS :0.10” to each file before the SCENARIO record to ov errid e the M obile 6 default setting of 0.9 (90%) for the “chip reflas h” effectiveness 3.1.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles

• SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles we r e pr epared b y PECHAN and NESCAUM and were downloaded from http://bronz e.nescaum . org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar

103.1.3 Tem p erature averag ing

• Following the setting in the MANEVU_2002_ mvref.txt files, the following procedures were used by SMOKE for tem poral and spatial tem p erature averag ing in the calculation of em ission factors: o Spatial averaging: tem p eratures were averaged over all counties that share a common reference county (i. e . Mobile6 input file) o Tem poral averaging for May – Se ptember em issions processing: no tem poral averaging was used, i.e. day- specific temperatures were used to calcu late emission factors for each day. o Tem poral averaging for non-summ er -m onths e m issions processing: Tem poral averaging over the duration of the episo d e (i.e. the entire m onth, see introduction) was used, i.e. m onthl y average tem p eratures were used to calculate the em ission factors. 3.2 CENRAP 3.2.1 Mobile6 inp u t f iles

• Mobile6 inp u t f iles f o r the CENRAP regi on for January and July were contained in the files c e ntra l_M6_ { MMM}.zip , north_M6_ {MMM}.zip , south_M6_{ MMM}.zip, west_M6_{ MMM}.zip where {MMM} is eithe r jan or jul. July inp u t f iles wer e used f o r April – Sep t ember proc essing, while Ja nuary input files were used for the rem a ining m onths • All files were downloaded fro m th e CENRAP ftp site in March 2006. 3.2.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles

• SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles we r e conta i ned in the files central_M6_RD.zip, north_M6_RD.zip, south_M6_RD.zip, and west_M6_RD.zip. The SMOKE MCREF, MVREF, and MCODES f i les were con t ained in the f ile MOBILESMOKE_Inputs.zip. The MCREF an d MVREF files were com b ined for the different regions (“centra l”, “east”, “west”, “n orth”) • All files were downloaded fro m the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006. 3.2.3 Tem p erature averag ing

• The following procedures were used by SMOKE for tem poral and spatial tem p erature averag ing in the calculati on of e m ission factor s according to th e setting in th e m v ref f

iles: o Spatia l aver aging: no sp atia l ave r aging of tem p er atures, i.e. the tem p eratures for the reference coun ty is used to calcu late emission factors for all counties that share this refe rence county (i.e. M obile6 input file) o Tem poral averaging : Temporal averag ing over the duration of the episode (i.e. the entire m onth, see introdu ctio n) was used, i.e. m onthly average tem p eratures were used to calculate the em ission factors.

113.3 VISTAS 3.3.1 Mobile6 inp u t f iles

• Month-specific Mobile6 input files were obtained fro m the Alpine Geophysics ftp site in July 2006. They reflect vers ion BaseG of the VISTAS inventory. 3.3.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles

• SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles u t ilized were obtained from the Alpine Geophysics ftp site in July 2006. They reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory. 3.3.3 Tem p erature averag ing

• The following procedures were used by SMOKE for the tem poral and spatial tem p erature averag ing in the calculati on of e m ission factor s according to th e setting in the m v ref _bas e g.36k.ag.txt file: o Spatial averaging: tem p eratu r es av er aged over all coun ties that share a common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file) o Tem poral averaging : Temporal averag ing over the duration of the episode (i.e. the entire m onth, see introdu ctio n) was used, i.e. m onthly average tem p eratures were used to calculate the em ission factors. 3.4 MRPO 3.4.1 Mobile6 inp u t f iles

• Month-specific Mobile6 input files for SMOKE modeling were generated by Alpine Geophysics through a contract from MARAMA. The y are based on version BaseK of the MRPO inventory. The files were downloaded from the MARAMA ftp site ftp. m arama.org (usernam e m a ne-vu, password exchange) in May 2006. 3.4.2 SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles

• SMOKE/Mobile6 aux i liary f iles f o r SMOKE mo deling were generated by Alpine Geophysics through a contract from MA RAMA. They are based on version BaseK of the MRPO inventory. The file s were d o wnloaded from the MARAMA f t p site ftp. m arama.org (usernam e m a ne-vu, password exchange) in May 2006. 3.4.3 Tem p erature averag ing

• The following procedures were used by SMOKE for the tem poral and spatial tem p erature averag ing in the calculati on of e m ission factor s according to th e setting in the m v re g_ m r po_basek.txt file: o Spatial averaging: tem p eratu r es av er aged over all coun ties that share a common reference county (i.e. Mobile6 input file)
12o Tem poral averaging : Temporal averag ing over the duration of the episode (i.e. the entire m onth, see introdu ctio n) was used, i.e. m onthly average tem p eratures were used to calculate the em ission factors. 4. Biogenic Emission Processing Hourly gridded biogenic em issions for the 12 km and 36 km m odeling do m a ins were calculated by BEIS3.12 through SMOKE , u s ing MCIP-processed MM5 fields for tem p erature (“TA”, layer-1 tem p eratu r e), so lar rad i ation (“RGRND” ), surface pressure (“PRES”), and precipitation (“RN” and “RC”). A ‘seasonal switch’ file was generated by the SMOKE utility m e tscan to de ter m ine whether winte r or summer em ission f actor s should be used for any given grid cell on any given day. W i nter em ission factors are used fro m January 1 st through the date of the last frost a nd again fro m the data of the first frost in fall th rou gh Decem ber 31 st . Summ er e m ission factors are used for the tim e period in between. Th is calculatio n is perfor med separately for each grid cell. 5. Temporal Allocation 5.1 MANE-VU 5.1.1 Area and nonroad sources

• Generated as part of the MANE-VU version 1 inventory • am ptpro.m 3 .us+can.m anevu.030205.txt • am ptref.m 3 .m anevu.012 405.txt • downloaded fro m ftp.marama.org (usernam e mane-vu, password exchange) in January 2005 5.1.2 Mobile sou r ces

• MANEVU_ 2002_ m t pro_02022006_addCT.txt • MANEVU_ 2002_ m t ref_02022006_addCT.txt • prepared by PECHAN a nd NESCAUM and downloaded fro m http://bronze.nescaum

. org/Private/junghun/MANEVU/onroad_ver3_update/MANEVU_V3_update.tar 5.1.3 Point Sourc e s

• Based on the sam e files as for the M ANE-VU ar ea and nonroad tem poral files listed above, but added the CEM-based 2002 st ate-specific temporal profiles and cross-references for EGU sources for th e MANE-VU states that were gen e rated by VISTAS for their BaseD m o deli ng and obtained in February 2005. • No CEM-based hour-specific EGU em issions were utilized 5.2 CENRAP The following tem poral profiles and cross-reference files were used:

13• Area and nonroad sources: o am ptpro.m 3 .us+can.cenrap.010605_incl_nrd. txt o am ptref.m 3 .cenrap.010605_add_nh3_and_nrd.txt • Mobile sou r ces: o m t pro.cenrap.v3.txt o m t ref.cenrap.v3.txt • Point sourc e s : o ptpro.{QQ}.cenrap_egus_cem .00-03 avg.121205.txt where {QQ} is Q1 for January/Feb r uary/Mar ch , Q2 f o r April/M ay/Jun e, etc. o ptref.{QQ}.cenrap_egus_cem .00-03 avg.121205.txt where {QQ} is Q1 for January/Feb r uary/Mar ch , Q2 f o r April/M ay/Jun e, etc. • All files were downloaded fro m the CENRAP ftp site in March 2006. 5.3 VISTAS The following m onth-specific tem p o r al profil es and cross-reference files were used: • Area and nonroad sources: o atpro_vistas_basef_15jul05.txt o atref_vistas_basef_15jul05.txt • Mobile sou r ces: o m t pro_vistas_basef_04jul05.txt o m t ref_us_can_vistas_basef_04jul05.txt • Point sourc e s : o ptpro_typ_{ MMM}_vis t asg_28jun20 06.txt where {MMM} is jan, feb, m a r, etc. o ptref_typ_vistas_baseg_28jun2006.txt • These files were obtained fro m the Al pine Geophysics ftp site. They reflect version BaseG of the VISTAS inventory fo r the point source allocation files and version BaseF for the area, nonroad, and m obile source allocation files. T h ese files were downloaded between February and July, 2006. 5.4 MRPO The following m onth-specific tem p o r al profiles a nd cross-reference files were used for all sou r ce categories: • am ptpro_typ_us_can_{ MMM}_vis t as_27nov04.txt where { MMM} is jan, feb, m a r, etc. • am ptref_20 02_us_can_vistas_17dec04.txt • These files were obtained fro m VISTAS in January 2005 and reflect their BaseD modeling. No updated temporal profiles or cross-reference files were developed for use with the MRPO BaseK inventory. 5.5 Canada For Canada, the SMOKE2.1 default tem por al profiles and cross-reference files (am p tpro.m3.us+can.txt and am ptref.m 3 .us+can.txt) were utilized.

146. Speciation The sam e sp eciation prof iles (gspro.c m a q.cb4p25 .txt) and cross-references (gsref.cm a q.cb4p25.txt) were utilized for all regions and all source categories. Different versions of these files w e re obtained (SMOKE2.1 default, E P A-CAIR modeling, VISTAS, C E NRAP and MANE-VU) and com p ar ed. After co mparing the creation dates and header lines of these files, it was determ ined that the EPA

- CAIR and MANE-VU files had th e m o st recen t updates, an d conseque n tly th e final speciation p r ofile and crossreference files used for all regions and source categories was based on the EPA-CAIR files with th e addition of MANE-VU specific upd ates. 7. Spatial Allo cation 7.1 U.S. The spatial surrogates for the 12 km do m a in were extracted f r om the national grid 12 k m U.S. gridding surrogates pos ted a t EPA’s website at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/em ch/spatial/newsurrogate.htm l The gridding cross-references were also obtained fro m this website, but for the process i ng o f MANE-VU area source em i ssions, MANE-VU specific cro ss-reference entries posted on the MARAMA ft p si t e were added.
7.2 Canada The spatial surrogates for Canadian em issions for the 12 km d o m ain were extracted from the national grid 12 km Canadian gridding surro g ates pos ted at EPA’s website at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/em ch/spatial/newsurrogate.htm l The gridding cross-references were also obtained fro m this website.

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