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Subpart VVVVVV--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air 

Pollutants for Chemical Manufacturing Area Sources

Table of Contents

Applicability and Compliance Dates

§63.11494 What are the applicability requirements and compliance 

dates?

Standards and Compliance Requirements

§63.11495 What are the management practices and other 

requirements?

§63.11496 What are the standards and compliance requirements for 

process vents?

§63.11497 What are the standards and compliance requirements for 

storage tanks?

§63.11498 What are the standards and compliance requirements for 

wastewater systems?

§63.11499 What are the standards and compliance requirements for 

heat exchange systems?

§63.11500 What compliance options do I have if part of my plant 

is subject to both this subpart and another Federal standard?

§63.11501 What are the notification, recordkeeping, and 

reporting requirements, and how may I assert an affirmative 

defense for exceedance of emission limit during malfunction?

Other Requirements and Information

§63.11502 What definitions apply to this subpart?

§63.11503 Who implements and enforces this subpart?

Tables to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63

Table 1 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Hazardous Air Pollutants 

Used to Determine Applicability of Chemical Manufacturing 

Operations

Table 2 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Batch Process Vents

Table 3 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Continuous Process Vents

Table 4 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Metal HAP Process Vents

Table 5 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 
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Compliance Requirements for Storage Tanks

Table 6 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Wastewater Systems

Table 7 to subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Partially Soluble HAP

Table 8 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Heat Exchange Systems

Table 9 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Applicability of General 

Provisions to Subpart VVVVVV

Applicability and Compliance Dates

§63.11494 What are the applicability requirements and compliance 

dates?

(a) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, 

you are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a chemical 

manufacturing process unit (CMPU) that meets the conditions 

specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3)and (2) of this 

section.

(1) The CMPU uses as feedstocks, generates as byproducts, 

or produces as products any of the hazardous air pollutants 

(HAP) listed in Table 1 to this subpart (Table 1 HAP).

(2) The CMPU is located at an area source of hazardous air 

pollutant (HAP) emissions.

(2) HAP listed in Table 1 to this subpart (Table 1 HAP) are 

present in the CMPU, as specified in paragraph (a)(2)(i), (ii), 

(iii), (iv), or (v) of this section.

(3i) The CMPU uses as feedstock, any material that contains 

quinoline and/or manganese compounds at a concentration greater 
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than 1.0 percent by weight, or other Table 1 HAP at a collective 

concentration greater than 0.1 percent by weightTable 1 HAP are 

present in feedstocks, or Table 1 HAP are generated or produced 

in the CMPU and are present in process fluid, at concentrations

greater than 0.1 percent for carcinogens, as defined by the 

Occupational Safety and Health Administration at 29 CFR 

1910.1200(d)(4), and greater than 1.0 percent for 

noncarcinogens. To determine the Table 1 HAP content of 

feedstocks, you may rely on formulation data provided by the 

manufacturer or supplier, such as the Material Safety Data Sheet 

(MSDS) for the material. If the concentration in an MSDS is 

presented as a range, use the upper bound of the range.

(ii) Quinoline is generated as byproduct and is present in 

the CMPU in any liquid stream (process or waste) at a 

concentration greater than 1.0 percent by weight.

(iii) Hydrazine and/or Table 1 organic compounds other than 

quinoline are generated as byproduct and are present in the CMPU 

in any liquid stream (process or waste) at a collective 

concentration greater than 0.1 percent by weight.

(iv) Hydrazine and/or any Table 1 organic compounds are 

generated as byproduct and are present in the CMPU in any 

process vent stream at a collective concentration greater than 

50 parts per million by volume (ppmv).

(v) Hydrazine or any Table 1 organic compound is produced 
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as a product of the CMPU.

(b) A CMPU includes all process vessels, equipment, and 

activities necessary to operate a chemical manufacturing process 

that produces a material or a family of materials described by 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code 325. 

A CMPU consists of one or more unit operations and any 

associated recovery devices. A CMPU also includes each storage 

tank, transfer operation, surge control vessel, and bottoms 

receiver associated with the production of such NAICS code 325 

materials.

(c) This subpart does not apply to the operations specified 

in paragraphs (c)(1) through (6) of this section.

(1) Affected sources under the following chemical 

manufacturing area source categories listed pursuant to Clean 

Air Act (CAA) section 112(c)(3) and 112(k)(3)(B)(ii) that are 

subject to area source standards under this part:

(i) Manufacture of Paint and Allied Products, subject to 

subpart CCCCCCC of this part.

(ii) Mercury Emissions from Mercury Cell Chlor-Alkali 

Plants, subject to subpart IIIII of this part.

(iii) Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production, subject 

to subpart DDDDDD of this part.

(iv) Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production, subject to 

subpart LLLLLL of this part.
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(v) Carbon Black Production, subject to subpart MMMMMM of 

this part.

(vi) Chemical Manufacturing Area Sources: Chromium 

Compounds, subject to subpart NNNNNN of this part.

(vii) Lead oxide production at Lead Acid Battery 

Manufacturing Facilities, subject to subpart PPPPPP of this 

part.

(2) Production of the following chemical manufacturing 

materials described in NAICS code 325:

(i) Manufacture of radioactive elements or isotopes, radium 

chloride, radium luminous compounds, strontium, uranium.

(ii) Manufacture of photographic film, paper, and plate 

where the material is coated with or contains chemicals. This 

subpart does apply to the manufacture of photographic chemicals.

(iii) Fabricating operations (such as spinning or 

compressing a solid polymer into its end use); compounding 

operations (in which blending, melting, and resolidification of 

a solid polymer product occurs for the purpose of incorporating 

additives, colorants, or stabilizers); and extrusion and drawing 

operations (converting an already produced solid polymer into a 

different shape by melting or mixing the polymer and then 

forcing it or pulling it through an orifice to create an 

extruded product). An operation is subject if it involves 

processing with Table 1 HAP solvent or if an intended purpose of 
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the operation is to remove residual Table 1 HAP monomer.

(iv) Manufacture of chemicals classified in NAICS code 

325222, 325314, 325413, or 325998.

(3) Research and development facilities, as defined in CAA 

section 112(c)(7).

(4) Quality assurance/quality control laboratories.

(5) Ancillary activities, as defined in §63.11502(b).

(6) Metal HAP in structures or existing as articles as 

defined in 40 CFR 372.3.

(d) This subpart applies to each new or existing affected 

source. The affected source is the facility-wide collection of 

CMPUs and each heat exchange system and wastewater system 

associated with a CMPU that meets the criteria specified in 

paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. A CMPU using only Table 

1 organic HAP is required to control only total CAA section 

112(b) organic HAP. A CMPU using only Table 1 metal HAP is 

required to control only total CAA section 112(b) metal HAP in 

accordance with §63.11495 and, if applicable, §63.11496(f).

(1) An affected source is an existing source if you 

commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source 

before October 6, 2008.

(2) An affected source is a new source if you commenced 

construction or reconstruction of the affected source on or 

after October 6, 2008.
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(e) Any source that was a major source and installed a 

Federally-enforceable control device on an affected CMPU by the 

first substantive compliance date of an otherwise applicable 

MACT standardafter November 15, 1990, and, as a result, became 

an area source under 40 CFR part 63, is required to obtain a 

permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71. For existing 

sources subject to title V, as a result of this rule, a complete 

title V permit application must be submitted no later than 12 

months after date of publication of the final rule amendments in 

the Federal Register if the source is subject to this rule on 

that date. New sources and existing sources that become subject 

to this rule after date of publication of the final rule 

amendments in the Federal Register must submit a complete title 

V permit application no later than 12 months after becoming 

subject to this rule. Otherwise, you are exempt from the 

obligation to obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR 

part 71, provided you are not otherwise required by law to 

obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 40 CFR 71.3(a). 

Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continue to 

comply with the provisions of this subpart.

(f) If you own or operate an existing affected source, you 

must achieve compliance with the applicable provisions in this 

subpart no later than October 29, 2012.

(g) If you start up a new affected source on or before 
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October 29, 2009, you must achieve compliance with the 

applicable provisions of this subpart no later than October 29, 

2009.

(h) If you start up a new affected source after October 29, 

2009, you must achieve compliance with the provisions in this 

subpart upon startup of your affected source.

Standards and Compliance Requirements

§63.11495 What are the management practices and other 

requirements?

(a) Management practices. If you have a CMPU subject to 

this subpart, you must comply with paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) 

of this section.

(1) Each process vessel must be equipped with a cover or 

lid that must be closed at all times when it is in organic HAP 

service or metal HAP service must be equipped with a cover or 

lid that must be in place at all times when the vessel contains 

HAP, except for material operations that require access, such as 

material addition and removal, inspection, sampling, and 

cleaning.

(2) You must use any of the methods listed in paragraphs 

(a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section to control total organic 

HAP emissions from transfer of liquids containing Table 1 

organic HAP to tank trucks or railcars. You are not required to 

comply with this paragraph (a)(2) if you have notified the 
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Administrator in your initial notification that a material is 

reactive or resinous, and you will not be able to comply with 

any of the methods in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this 

section for the transfer of such material.

(i) Use submerged loading or bottom loading.

(ii) Route emissions to a fuel gas system or process in 

accordance with §63.982(d) of subpart SS.

(iii) Vapor balance back to the storage tank or another 

storage tank connected by a common header.

(iv) Vent through a closed-vent system to a control device.

(3) You must conduct inspections of process vessels and 

equipment for each CMPU in organic HAP service or metal HAP 

service, as specified in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (v) of 

this section, at least quarterly to demonstrate compliance with 

these requirements and to determine demonstrate that the process 

vessels and equipment are sound and free of leaks.

(i) Inspections must be conducted at least quarterly.

(ii) For these inspections, detection methods incorporating 

sight, sound, or smell are acceptable. The inspection must 

include direct and proximal (thorough) inspection of all areas 

of potential leak within the CMPU. Indications of a leak 

identified using such method constitutes a leak unless you 

demonstrate that the indications of a leak are due to a 

condition other than loss of HAP. Alternatively, Method 21 of 40 
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CFR part 60, appendix A-7, with a leak definition of 500 parts 

per million by volume (ppmv), may be used for detection of leaks 

or to determine if the indications of a leak are due to a 

condition other than loss of HAP. If indications of a leak are 

determined not to be HAP in one quarterly monitoring period, you 

must still perform the inspection and demonstration in the next 

quarterly monitoring period.

(iii) As an alternative to conducting inspections, as 

specified in paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section, you may use 

Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7, with a leak

definition of 500 ppmv to detect leaks. You may also use Method 

21 with a leak definition of 500 ppmv to determine if 

indications of a leak identified during an inspection conducted 

in accordance with paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section are due 

to a condition other than loss of HAP. The procedures in this 

paragraph (a)(3)(iii) may not be used as an alternative to the 

inspection required by paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section for 

process vessels that contain metal HAP as particulate.

(iv) Inspections must be conducted while the subject CMPU 

is operating.

(v) No inspection is required in a calendar quarter during 

which the subject CMPU does not operate for the entire calendar 

quarter and is not in organic HAP service or metal HAP service. 

If the CMPU operates at all during a calendar quarter, an 
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inspection is required.

(4) You must repair any leak within 15 calendar days after 

detection of the leak, or document the reason for any delay of 

repair. For the purposes of this paragraph (a)(4), a leak will 

be considered ―repaired‖ if a condition specified in paragraph 

(a)(4)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section is met.

(i) The visual, audible, olfactory, or other indications of 

a leak to the atmosphere have been eliminated, or

(ii) No bubbles are observed at potential leak sites during 

a leak check using soap solution, or

(iii) The system will hold a test pressure.

(5) You must keep records of the dates and results of each 

inspection event, the dates of equipment repairs, and, if 

applicable, the reasons for any delay in repair.

(b) Small heat exchange systems. For each heat exchange 

system subject to this subpart with a cooling water flow rate 

less than 8,000 gallons per minute (gal/min) and not meeting one 

or more of the conditions in §63.104(a), you must comply with 

paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section, or as an 

alternative, you may comply with any one of the requirements in 

Item 1.a or 1.b of Table 8 to this subpart.

(1) You must develop and operate in accordance with a heat 

exchange system inspection plan. The plan must describe the 

inspections to be performed that will provide evidence of 
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hydrocarbons in the cooling water. Among other things, 

inspections may include checks for visible floating hydrocarbon 

on the water, hydrocarbon odor, discolored water, and/or 

chemical addition rates. You must conduct inspections at least 

once per quarter, even if the previous inspection determined 

that the indications of a leak did not constitute a leak as 

defined by §63.104(b)(6).

(2) You must perform repairs to eliminate the leak and any 

indications of a leak or demonstrate that the HAP concentration 

in the cooling water does not constitute a leak, as defined by 

§63.104(b)(6), within 45 calendar days after indications of the 

leak are identified, or you must document the reason for any 

delay of repair in your next semiannual compliance report.

(3) You must keep records of the dates and results of each 

inspection, documentation of any demonstrations that indications 

of a leak do not constitute a leak, the dates of leak repairs, 

and, if applicable, the reasons for any delay in repair.

(c) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction. Startup, shutdown, 

and malfunction (SSM) provisions in subparts that are referenced 

in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do not apply.

(d) General duty. At all times, you must operate and 

maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution 

control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner 

consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices 
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for minimizing emissions. Determination of whether such 

operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be 

based on information available to the Administrator, which may 

include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of 

operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and 

maintenance records, and inspection of the source.

§63.11496 What are the standards and compliance requirements 

for process vents?

(a) Organic HAP Emissions from Batch Process Vents. You 

must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through 

(4) of this section for organic HAP emissions from your batch 

process vents for each CMPU using Table 1 organic HAP. If 

uncontrolled organic HAP emissions from all batch process vents 

from a CMPU subject to this subpart are equal to or greater than 

10,000 pounds per year (lb/yr), you must also comply with the 

emission limits and other requirements in Table 2 to this 

subpart.

(1) You must determine the sum of actual organic HAP 

emissions from all of your batch process vents within a CMPU 

subject to this subpart using process knowledge, engineering 

assessment, or test data. Emissions for a standard batch in a 

process may be used to represent actual emissions from each 

batch in that process. You must maintain records of the 

calculations. Calculations of annual emissions are not required 
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if you meet the emission standards for batch process vents in 

Table 2 to this subpart.

(2) As an alternative to calculating actual emissions for 

each affected CMPU at your facility, you may elect to estimate 

emissions for each CMPU based on the emissions for the worstcase CMPU. The worst-case CMPU means the CMPU at the affected 

source with the highest organic HAP emissions per batch. The 

worst-case emissions per batch are used with the number of 

batches run for other affected CMPU. Process knowledge, 

engineering assessment, or test data may be used to identify the 

worst-case process. You must keep records of the information and 

procedures used to identify the worst-case process.

(3) If your current estimate is that emissions from batch 

process vents from a CMPU are less than 10,000 pounds per year 

(lb/yr), then you must keep a record of the number of batches of 

each process operated per month. Also, you must reevaluate your 

total emissions from batch process vents prior to making any 

process changes that affect emission calculations in paragraphs 

(a)(1) and (2) of this section. If projected emissions increase 

to 10,000 lb/yr or more, you must be in compliance options for 

batch process vents in Table 2 to this subpart upon initiating 

operation under the new operating conditions. You must maintain 

records documenting the results of all updated emissions 

calculations.
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(4) As an alternative to determining the HAP emissions, you 

may elect to demonstrate that the amount of organic HAP used in 

the process is less than 10,000 lb/yr. You must keep monthly 

records of the organic HAP usage.

(b) Organic HAP Emissions from Continuous Process Vents. 

You must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) 

through (3) of this section for organic HAP emissions from your 

continuous process vents for each CMPU subject to this subpart 

using Table 1 organic HAP. If the total resource-effectiveness 

(TRE) index value for a continuous process vent is less than or 

equal to 1.0, you must also comply with the emission limits and 

other requirements in Table 3 to this subpart.

(1) You must determine the TRE index value according to the 

procedures in §63.115(d), except as specified in paragraphs 

(b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) You are not required to calculate the TRE index value 

if you control emissions in accordance with Table 3 to this 

subpart.

(ii) Sections 63.115(d)(1)(i) and (ii) are not applicable 

for the purposes of this paragraph (b)(1)(ii).

(iii) You may assume the TRE for a vent stream is > 1.0 if 

the amount of organic HAP emitted in the vent stream is less 

than 0.1 pound per hour.

(2) If the current TRE index value is greater than 1, you 
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must recalculate the TRE index value before you make any process 

or operational change that affects parameters in the 

calculation. If the recalculated TRE is less than or equal to 

1.0, then you must comply with one of the compliance options for 

continuous process vents in Table 3 to this subpart before 

operating under the new operating conditions. You must maintain 

records of all TRE calculations.

(3) If a recovery device as defined in §63.11502 is used to 

maintain the TRE index value at a level greater than 1.0 and 

less than or equal to 4.0, you must comply with §63.982(e) and 

the requirements specified therein.

(c) Combined Streams. If you combine organic HAP emissions 

from batch process vents and continuous process vents, you must 

comply with the more stringent standard in Table 2 or Table 3 to 

this subpart that applies to any portion of the combined stream, 

or you must comply with Table 2 for the batch process vents and 

Table 3 for the continuous process vents. The TRE index value 

for continuous process vents and the annual emissions from batch 

process vents shall be determined for the individual streams 

before they are combined, and prior to any control, in order to 

determine the most stringent applicable requirements.

(d) Combustion of Halogenated Streams. If you use a 

combustion device to comply with the emission limits for organic 

HAP from a halogenated batch process vent or a halogenated 
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continuous process vent, you must use a halogen reduction device 

to meet the emission limit in either paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) 

of this section and in accordance with §63.994 and the 

requirements referenced therein.

(1) Reduce overall emissions of hydrogen halide and halogen 

HAP after the combustion device by greater than or equal to 95 

percent, to less than or equal to 0.45 kilograms per hour 

(kg/hr), or to a concentration less than or equal to 20 parts 

per million by volume (ppmv).

(2) Reduce the halogen atom mass emission rate before the 

combustion device to less than or equal to 0.45 kg/hr or to a 

concentration less than or equal to 20 ppmv.

(e) Alternative Standard for Organic HAP. Exceptions to the 

requirements for the alternative standard requirements specified 

in Tables 2 and 3 to this subpart and §63.2505 are specified in 

paragraphs (e)(1) through (5) of this section.

(1) When §63.2505 of subpart FFFF refers to Tables 1 and 2 

to subpart FFFF and §§63.2455 and 63.2460, it means Tables 2 and 

3 to this subpart and §63.11496(a) and (b).

(2) Sections 63.2505(a)(2) and (b)(9) do not apply.

(3) When §63.2505(b) references §63.2445 it means 

§63.11494(f) through (h).

(4) The requirements for hydrogen halide and halogen HAP 

apply only to hydrogen halide and halogen HAP generated in a 
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combustion device that is used to comply with the alternative 

standard.

(5) When §63.1258(b)(5)(ii)(B)(2) refers to a ―notification 

of process change‖ report, it means the semi-annual compliance 

report required by §63.11501(d) for the purposes of this 

subpart.

(f) Emissions from Metal HAP Process Vents. You must comply 

with the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this 

section for metal HAP emissions from each CMPU using Table 1

metal HAP. If the collective uncontrolled metal HAP emissions 

from all metal HAP process vents from a CMPU are equal to or 

greater than 400 lb/yr, then you must also comply with the 

emission limits and other requirements in Table 4 to this 

subpart and in paragraph (f)(3), (4), or (5) of this section.

(1) You must determine the sum of metal HAP emissions from 

all metal HAP process vents within a CMPU subject to this 

subpart, except you are not required to determine the annual 

emissions if you control the metal HAP process vents within a 

CMPU in accordance with Table 4 to this subpart or if you 

determine your total metal HAP usage in the process unit is less 

than 400 lb/yr. To determine the mass emission rate you may use 

process knowledge, engineering assessment, or test data. You 

must keep records of the emissions calculations.

(2) If your current estimate is that total uncontrolled 
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metal HAP emissions from a CMPU subject to this subpart are less 

than 400 lb/yr, then you must keep records of either the number

of batches operated per month (batch vents) or the process 

operating hours (continuous vents). Also, you must reevaluate 

your total emissions before you make any process or operational 

change that affects emissions of metal HAP. If projected 

emissions increase to 400 lb/yr or more, then you must be in 

compliance with one of the options for metal HAP process vents 

in Table 4 to this subpart upon initiating operation under the 

new operating conditions. You must keep records of all 

recalculated emissions determinations.

(3) If you have an existing source subject to the HAP 

metals emission limits specified in Table 4 to this subpart, you 

must comply with the initial compliance and monitoring 

requirements in paragraphs (f)(3)(i) through (iii) of this 

section. You must keep records of monitoring results to 

demonstrate continuous compliance.

(i) You must prepare a monitoring plan containing the 

information in paragraphs (f)(3)(i)(A) through (E) of this 

section. The plan must be maintained on-site and be available on 

request. You must operate and maintain the control device 

according to a site-specific monitoring plan at all times.

(A) A description of the device;

(B) Results of a performance test or engineering assessment 
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conducted in accordance with paragraph (f)(3)(ii) of this 

section verifying the performance of the device for reducing HAP 

metals or particulate matter (PM) to the levels required by this 

subpart;

(C) Operation and maintenance plan for the control device 

(including a preventative maintenance schedule consistent with 

the manufacturer's instructions for routine and long-term 

maintenance) and continuous monitoring system.

(D) A list of operating parameters that will be monitored 

to maintain continuous compliance with the applicable emissions 

limits; and

(E) Operating parameter limits based on either monitoring 

data collected during the performance test or established in the 

engineering assessment.

(ii) You must conduct a performance test or an engineering 

assessment for each CMPU subject to a HAP metals emissions limit 

in Table 4 to this subpart and report the results in your 

Notification of Compliance Status (NOCS) report. Each 

performance test or engineering assessment must be conducted 

under representative operating conditions, and sampling for each 

performance test must be conducted at both the inlet and outlet 

of the control device. Upon request, you shall make available to 

the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine 

the conditions of performance tests. If you own or operate an 
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existing affected source, you are not required to conduct a 

performance test if a prior performance test was conducted 

within the 5 years prior to the effective date using the same 

methods specified in paragraph (f)(3)(iii) of this section, and,

either no process changes have been made since the test, or, if 

you can demonstrate that the results of the performance test, 

with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance 

despite process changes. For each performance test, sampling 

must be conducted at both the inlet and outlet of the control 

device, and the test must be conducted under representative 

process operating conditions.

(iii) If you elect to conduct a performance test, it must 

be conducted according to requirements in §63.11410(j)(1). As an 

alternative to conducting a performance test using Method 5 or 

5D to determine the concentration of PM, you may use Method 29 

in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8 to determine the concentration 

of HAP metals. You have demonstrated initial compliance if the 

overall reduction of either HAP metals or total PM is equal to 

or greater than 95 percent.

(4) If you have a new source using a baghouse as a control 

device, you must install, operate, and maintain a bag leak 

detection system on all baghouses used to comply with the HAP 

metals emissions limit in Table 4 to this subpart. You must 

comply with the testing, monitoring, and recordkeeping 
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requirements in §63.11410(g), (i), and (j)(1), except you are 

not required to submit the monitoring plan required by 

§63.11410(g)(2) for approval.

(5) If you have a new source using a control device other 

than a baghouse to comply with the HAP metals emission limits in 

Table 4 to this subpart, you must comply with the initial 

compliance and monitoring requirements in paragraphs (f)(3)(i) 

through (iii) of this section.

(g) Exceptions and Alternatives to 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart 

SS. If you are complying with the emission limits and other 

requirements for continuous process vents in Table 3 to this 

subpart, the provisions in paragraphs (g)(1) through (7) and (9) 

of this section apply in addition to the provisions in 40 CFR 

part 63, subpart SS. If you are complying with the emission 

limits and other requirements for batch process vents in Table 2 

to this subpart, the provisions in paragraphs (g)(1) through (8) 

of this section apply in addition to the provisions in subpart 

SS.

(1) Requirements for Performance Tests. (i) The 

requirements specified in §§63.2450(g)(1) through (4) apply 

instead of, or in addition to, the requirements specified in 40 

CFR part 63, subpart SS.

(ii) Upon request, you shall make available to the 

Administrator, such records as may be necessary to determine the 
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conditions of performance tests.

(2) Design Evaluation. To determine initial compliance with 

a percent reduction emission limit, you may elect to conduct a 

design evaluation as specified in §63.1257(a)(1) instead of a 

performance test as specified in subpart SS of this part 63. You 

must establish the value(s) and basis for the operating limits 

as part of the design evaluation. For continuous process vents, 

the design evaluation must be conducted at maximum 

representative operating conditions for the process, unless the 

Administrator specifies or approves alternate operating 

conditions. For batch process vents, the design evaluation must 

be conducted under worst-case conditions, as specified in 

§63.2460(c)(2).

(3) Outlet Concentration Correction for Combustion Devices.

When §63.997(e)(2)(iii)(C) requires you to correct the measured 

concentration at the outlet of a combustion device to 3 percent 

oxygen if you add supplemental combustion air, the requirements 

in either paragraph (g)(3)(i) or (g)(3)(ii) of this section 

apply for the purposes of this subpart.

(i) You must correct the concentration in the gas stream at 

the outlet of the combustion device to 3 percent oxygen if you 

add supplemental gases, as defined in §63.2550, to the vent 

stream, or;

(ii) You must correct the measured concentration for 
Page 24 of 77

supplemental gases using Equation 1 of §63.2460; you may use 

process knowledge and representative operating data to determine 

the fraction of the total flow due to supplemental gas.

(4) Continuous Parameter Monitoring. The provisions in 

§63.2450(k)(1) through (6) apply in addition to the requirements 

for continuous parameter monitoring systems (CPMS) in subpart SS 

of this part 63, except as specified in paragraphs (g)(4)(i) and 

(ii) of this section.

(i) You may measure pH at least once per day for any 

halogen scrubber within a CMPU subject to this rule.

(ii) The requirements in §63.2450(k)(6) to request approval 

of a procedure to monitor operating parameters does not apply 

for the purposes of this subpart. You must provide the required 

information in your NOCS report required by §63.11501(b).

(5) Startup, Shutdown, Malfunction (SSM). Section 

63.998(b)(2)(iii),(b)(6)(i)(A), and (d)(3) do not apply for the 

purposes of this subpart.

(6) Excused Excursions. Excused excursions, as defined in 

subpart SS of this part 63, are not allowed.

(7) Energetics and Organic Peroxides. If an emission stream 

contains energetics or organic peroxides that, for safety 

reasons, cannot meet an applicable emission limit specified in 

this subpart, then you must submit an application to the 

Administrator explaining why an undue safety hazard would be 
Page 25 of 77

created if the air emission controls were installed, and you 

must describe the procedures that you will implement to minimize 

HAP emissions from these vent streams in lieu of the emission 

limitations in this section.

(8) Additional Requirements for Batch Process Vents. The 

provisions specified in §63.2460(c) apply in addition to the 

provisions in subpart SS of this part 63, except as specified in 

paragraphs (g)(8)(i) through (iii) of this section.

(i) References to emission limits in Table 2 to subpart 

FFFF mean the emission limits in Table 2 to this subpart.

(ii) References to MCPU mean CMPU for purposes of this 

subpart.

(iii) Section 63.2460(c)(8) does not apply for the purposes 

of this subpart.

(9) Parameter Monitoring Averaging Periods. Daily averages 

required in §63.998(b)(3) apply at all times except during 

startup and shutdown. Separate averages shall be determined for 

each period of startup and period of shutdown.

(h) Surge Control Vessels and Bottoms Receivers. For each 

surge control vessel and bottoms receiver that meets the 

applicability criteria for storage tanks specified in Table 5 to 

this subpart, you must meet the emission limits and control 

requirements specified in Table 5 to this subpart.

(i) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction (SSM). References to 
Page 26 of 77

SSM provisions in subparts that are referenced in paragraphs (a) 

through (h) of this section or Tables 2 through 5 to this 

subpart do not apply.

§63.11497 What are the standards and compliance requirements 

for storage tanks?

(a) You must comply with the emission limits and other 

requirements in Table 5 to this subpart and in paragraph (b) of 

this section for organic HAP emissions from each of your storage 

tanks that meet the applicability criteria in Table 5 to this 

subpart.

(b) Planned Routine Maintenance for a Control Device. 

Operate in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this 

section for periods of planned routine maintenance of a control 

device for storage tanks.

(1) Add no material to the storage tank during periods of 

planned routine maintenance.

(2) Limit periods of planned routine maintenance for each 

control device (or series of control devices) to no more than 

240 hours per year (hr/yr), or submit an application to the 

Administrator requesting an extension of this time limit to a 

total of 360 hr/yr. The application must explain why the 

extension is needed and it must be submitted at least 60 days 

before the 240-hour limit will be exceeded.
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(3) Keep records of the day and time at which planned 

routine maintenance periods begin and end, and keep a record of 

the type of maintenance performed.

(c) References to SSM provisions in subparts that are 

referenced in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section or Table 5 

to this subpart do not apply.

§63.11498 What are the standards and compliance requirements 

for wastewater systems?

(a) You must comply with the requirements in paragraph 

(a)(1) and (2) of this section and in Table 6, Item 1 to this 

subpart for all wastewater streams from a CMPU subject to this 

subpart. If the partially soluble HAP concentration in a 

wastewater stream is equal to or greater than 10,000 parts per 

million by weight (ppmw) and the wastewater stream contains a 

separate organic phase, then you must also comply with Table 6, 

Item 2 to this subpart for that wastewater stream. Partially 

soluble HAP are listed in Table 7 to this subpart.

(1) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this 

section, you must determine the total concentration of partially 

soluble HAP in each wastewater stream using process knowledge, 

engineering assessment, or test data. Also, you must reevaluate 

the concentration of partially soluble HAP if you make any 

process or operational change that affects the concentration of 

partially soluble HAP in a wastewater stream.
Page 28 of 77

(2) You are not required to determine the partially soluble 

concentration in wastewater that is hard piped to a combustion 

unit or hazardous waste treatment unit, and you are not required 

to determine the partially soluble HAP concentration in 

wastewater that is hard piped to a storage tank from which the 

wastewater is collected and shipped offsite for treatment in a 

combustion unit or hazardous waste treatment unitas specified in 

Table 6, Item 2.b to this subpart, or Table 6, Item 2.c to this 

subpart.

(3) Separated organic material that is recycled to a 

process is no longer wastewater and no longer subject to the 

wastewater requirements after it has been recycled.

(b) The requirements in Item 2 of Table 6 to this subpart 

do not apply during periods of startup or shutdown. References 

to SSM provisions in subparts that are referenced in paragraph 

(a) of this section or Table 6 to this subpart do not apply.

§63.11499 What are the standards and compliance requirements 

for heat exchange systems?

(a) If the cooling water flow rate in your heat exchange 

system is equal to or greater than 8,000 gal/min and is not 

meeting one or more of the conditions in §63.104(a), then you 

must comply with one of the requirements specified in Table 8 to 

this subpart.

(b) For equipment that meets Current Good Manufacturing 
Page 29 of 77

Practice (CGMP) requirements of 21 CFR part 211, you may use the 

physical integrity of the reactor as the surrogate indicator of 

heat exchanger system leaks when complying with Item 1.a in 

Table 8 to this subpart.

(c) Any reference to SSM provisions in other subparts that 

are referenced in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section or 

Table 8 to this subpart do not apply.

§63.11500 What compliance options do I have if part of my plant 

is subject to both this subpart and another Federal standard?

For any CMPU, heat exchange system, or wastewater system 

subject to the provisions of both this subpart and another rule, 

you may elect to comply only with the more stringent provisions 

as specified in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section. You 

must consider all provisions of the rules, including monitoring, 

recordkeeping, and reporting. You must identify the subject 

CMPU, heat exchange system, and/or wastewater system, and the 

provisions with which you will comply in your NOCS report 

required by §63.11501(b). You also must demonstrate in your NOCS 

report that each provision with which you will comply is at 

least as stringent as the otherwise applicable requirement in 

this subpart VVVVVV. You are responsible for making accurate 

determinations concerning the more stringent standards and 

noncompliance with this rule is not excused if it is later 

determined that your determination was in error and, as a 
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result, you are violating this subpart. Compliance with this 

rule is your responsibility and the NOCS report does not alter 

or affect that responsibility.

(a) Compliance with Other Subparts of this Part 63. If any 

part of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart 

is also subject to the provisions of another subpart of 40 CFR 

part 63, then compliance with any of the requirements in the 

other subpart of this part 63 that are at least as stringent as 

the corresponding requirements in this subpart VVVVVV 

constitutes compliance with this subpart VVVVVV.

(b) Compliance with Subparts of 40 CFR Part 60. If any part 

of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is 

also subject to the provisions of subpart VV, DDD, III, NNN, 

RRR, or YYY in 40 CFR part 60, then compliance with any of the 

requirements in 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV, DDD, III, NNN, RRR, 

or YYY that are at least as stringent as the corresponding 

requirements in this subpart VVVVVV constitutes compliance with 

this subpart VVVVVV.

(c) Compliance with Subparts of 40 CFR Part 61. If any part 

of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is 

also subject to the provisions of subpart V, Y, BB, or FF of 40 

CFR part 61, then compliance with any of the requirements in 40 

CFR part 61, subpart V, Y, BB, or FF that are at least as 

stringent as the corresponding requirements in this subpart 
Page 31 of 77

VVVVVV constitutes compliance with this subpart VVVVVV.

(d) Compliance with 40 CFR Parts 260 through 272. If any 

part of a CMPU that is subject to the provisions of this subpart 

is also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR parts 260 through 

272, then compliance with any of the requirements in 40 CFR part 

260 through 272 rule that are at least as stringent as the 

corresponding requirements in this subpart VVVVVV constitutes 

compliance with this subpart VVVVVV.

§63.11501 What are the notification, recordkeeping, and 

reporting requirements, and how may I assert an affirmative 

defense for exceedance of emission limit during malfunction?

(a) General Provisions. You must meet the requirements of 

the General Provisions in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A, as shown in 

Table 9 to this subpart. The General Provisions in other parts 

do not apply except when a requirement in an overlapping 

standard, which you determined is at least as stringent as 

subpart VVVVVV and with which you have opted to comply, requires 

compliance with general provisions in another part.

(b) Notification of Compliance Status (NOCS). Your NOCS 

required by §63.9(h) must include the following additional 

information as applicable:

(1) This certification of compliance, signed by a 

responsible official:

(i) ―This facility complies with the management practices 
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in §63.11495.‖

(ii) ―This facility complies with the requirements in 

§63.11496 for HAP emissions from process vents.‖

(iii) ―This facility complies with the requirements in 

§63.11496 and §63.11497 for surge control vessels, bottoms 

receivers, and storage tanks.‖

(iv) ―This facility complies with the requirements in 

§63.11498 to treat wastewater streams.‖

(v) ―This facility complies with the requirements in 

§63.11499 for heat exchange systems.‖

(2) If you comply with the alternative standard as 

specified in Table 2 to this subpart or Table 3 to this subpart, 

include the information specified in §63.1258(b)(5), as 

applicable.

(3) If you establish an operating limit for a parameter 

that will not be monitored continuously in accordance with 

§§63.11496(g)(4) and 63.2450(k)(6), provide the information as 

specified in §§63.11496(g)(4) and 63.2450(k)(6).

(4) A list of all transferred liquids that are reactive or 

resinous materials, as defined in §63.11502(b).

(5) If you comply with provisions in an overlapping rule in 

accordance with §63.11500, identify the affected CMPU, heat 

exchange system, and/or wastewater system; provide a list of the 

specific provisions with which you will comply; and demonstrate 
Page 33 of 77

that the provisions with which you will comply are at least as 

stringent as the otherwise applicable requirements, including 

monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements, in this 

subpart VVVVVV.

(c) Recordkeeping. You must maintain files of all 

information required by this subpart for at least 5 years 

following the date of each occurrence according to the 

requirements in §63.10(b)(1). If you are subject, you must 

comply with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of 

§63.10(b)(2)(iii) and (vi) through (xiv), and the applicable 

requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (78) of this 

section.

(1) For each CMPU subject to this subpart, you must keep 

the records specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (viii) of 

this section, as applicable.

(i) Records of management practice inspections, repairs, 

and reasons for any delay of repair, as specified in 

§63.11495(a)(5).

(ii) Records of small heat exchange system inspections, 

demonstrations of indications of leaks that do not constitute 

leaks, repairs, and reasons for any delay in repair as specified 

in §63.11495(b).

(iii) If batch process vent emissions are less than 10,000 

lb/yr for a CMPU, records of batch process vent emission 
Page 34 of 77

calculations, as specified in §63.11496(a)(1), the number of 

batches operated each month, as specified in §63.11496(a)(3), 

and any updated emissions calculations, as specified in 

§63.11496(a)(3). Alternatively, keep records of the worst-case 

processes or organic HAP usage, as specified in §63.11496(a)(2) 

and (4), respectively.

(iv) Records of all TRE calculations for continuous process 

vents as specified in §63.11496(b)(2).

(v) Records of metal HAP emission calculations as specified 

in §63.11496(f)(1) and (2). If total uncontrolled metal HAP 

process vent emissions from a CMPU subject to this subpart are 

estimated to be less than 400 lb/yr, also keep records of either 

the number of batches per month or operating hours, as specified 

in §63.11496(f)(2).

(vi) Records identifying wastewater streams and the type of 

treatment they receive, as specified in Table 6 to this subpart.

(vii) Records of the occurrence and duration of each 

malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air 

pollution control and monitoring equipment.

(viii) Records of actions taken during periods of 

malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with 

§63.11495(d), including corrective actions to restore 

malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring 

equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.
Page 35 of 77

(2) For batch process vents subject to Table 2 to this 

subpart and continuous process vents subject to Table 3 to this 

subpart, you must keep records specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) 

or (ii) of this section, as applicable.

(i) If you route emissions to a control device other than a 

flare, keep records of performance tests, if applicable, as 

specified in §63.998(a)(2)(ii) and (4), keep records of the 

monitoring system and the monitored parameters, as specified in 

§63.998(b) and (c), and keep records of the closed-vent system, 

as specified in §63.998(d)(1). If you use a recovery device to 

maintain the TRE above 1.0 for a continuous process vent, keep 

records of monitoring parameters during the TRE index value 

determination, as specified in §63.998(a)(3).

(ii) If you route emissions to a flare, keep records of the 

flare compliance assessment, as specified in §63.998(a)(1)(i), 

keep records of the pilot flame monitoring, as specified in 

§63.998(a)(1)(ii) and (iii), and keep records of the closed-vent 

system, as specified in §63.998(d)(1).

(3) For metal HAP process vents subject to Table 4 to this 

subpart, you must keep records specified in paragraphs (c)(3)(i) 

or (ii) of this section, as applicable.

(i) For a new source using a control device other than a 

baghouse and for any existing source, maintain a monitoring 

plan, as specified in §63.11496(f)(3)(i), and keep records of 
Page 36 of 77

monitoring results, as specified in §63.11496(f)(3).

(ii) For a new source using a baghouse to control metal HAP 

emissions, keep a site-specific monitoring plan, as specified in 

§§63.11496(f)(4) and 63.11410(g), and keep records of bag leak 

detection systems, as specified in §§63.11496(f)(4) and 

63.11410(g)(4).

(4) For each storage tank subject to Table 5 to this 

subpart, you must keep records specified in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) 

through (vi) of this section, as applicable.

(i) Keep records of the vessel dimensions, capacity, and 

liquid stored, as specified in §63.1065(a).

(ii) Keep records of each inspection of an internal 

floating roof, as specified in §63.1065(b)(1).

(iii) Keep records of each seal gap measurement for 

external floating roofs, as specified in §63.1065(b)(2), and 

keep records of inspections of external floating roofs, as 

specified in §63.1065(b)(1).

(iv) If you vent emissions to a control device other than a 

flare, keep records of the operating plan and measured parameter 

values, as specified in §§63.985(c) and 63.998(d)(2).

(v) If you vent emissions to a flare, keep records of all 

periods of operation during which the flare pilot flame is 

absent, as specified in §§63.987(c) and 63.998(a)(1), and keep 

records of closed-vent systems, as specified in §63.998(d)(1).
Page 37 of 77

(vi) For periods of planned routine maintenance of a 

control device, keep records of the day and time at which each 

maintenance period begins and ends, and keep records of the type 

of maintenance performed, as specified in §63.11497(b)(3).

(5) For each wastewater stream subject to Item 2 in Table 6 

to this subpart, keep records of the wastewater stream 

identification and the disposition of the organic phase(s), as 

specified in Item 2 to Table 6 to this subpart.

(6) For each large heat exchange system subject to Table 8 

to this subpart, you must keep records of detected leaks; the 

date the leak was detected; if demonstrated not to be a leak, 

the basis for that determination; the date of efforts to repair 

the leak; and the date the leak is repaired, as specified in 

Table 8 to this subpart.

(7) You must keep a record of all transferred liquids that 

are reactive or resinous materials, as defined in §63.11502(b), 

and not included in the NOCS.

(8) For continuous process vents subject to Table 3 to this 

subpart, keep records of the occurrence and duration of each 

startup and shutdown of operation of process equipment, or of 

air pollution control and monitoring equipment.

(d) Semiannual Compliance Reports. You must submit 

semiannual compliance reports that contain the information 

specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (7) of this section, as 
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applicable. Reports are required only for semiannual periods 

during which you experienced any of the events described in 

paragraphs (d)(1) through (78) of this section.

(1) Deviations. You must clearly identify any deviation 

from the requirements of this subpart.

(2) Delay of Repair for a Large Heat Exchange System. You 

must include the information specified in §63.104(f)(2) each 

time you invoke the delay of repair provisions for a heat 

exchange system with a cooling water flow rate equal to or 

greater than 8,000 gal/min.

(3) Delay of Leak Repair. You must provide the following 

information for each delay of leak repair beyond 15 days for any 

process equipment, storage tank, surge control vessel, bottoms 

receiver, and each delay of leak repair beyond 45 days for any 

heat exchange system with a cooling water flow rate less than 

8,000 gal/min: information on the date the leak was identified, 

the reason for the delay in repair, and the date the leak was 

repaired.

(4) Process Change. You must report each process change 

that affects a compliance determination and submit a new 

certification of compliance with the applicable requirements in 

accordance with the procedures specified in paragraph (b) of 

this section.

(5) Data for the Alternative Standard. If you comply with 
Page 39 of 77

the alternative standard, as specified in Table 2 to this 

subpart or Table 3 to this subpart, report the information 

required in §63.1258(b)(5).

(6) Overlapping Rule Requirements. Report any changes in 

the overlapping provisions with which you comply.

(7) Reactive and resinous materials. Report any transfer of 

liquids that are reactive or resinous materials, as defined in 

§63.11502(b), and not included in the NOCS.

(8) Malfunctions. If a malfunction occurred during the 

reporting period, the report must include the number, duration, 

and a brief description for each type of malfunction which 

occurred during the reporting period, and which caused or may 

have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. 

The report must include an estimate of the volume of regulated 

pollutants emitted and attributed to the malfunction, with a 

description of the method used to estimate the emissions. The 

report must also include a description of actions you took 

during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions 

in accordance with §63.11495(d), including actions taken to 

correct a malfunction.

(e) Affirmative defense for exceedance of emission limit 

during malfunction. In response to an action to enforce the 

standards set forth in §§63.11495 through 63.11499, you may 

assert an affirmative defense to a claim for civil penalties for 
Page 40 of 77

exceedances of such standards that are caused by malfunction, as 

defined at 40 CFR 63.2. Appropriate penalties may be assessed, 

however, if you fail to meet your burden of proving all of the 

requirements in the affirmative defense. The affirmative defense 

is not available for claims for injunctive relief.

(1) To establish the affirmative defense in any action to 

enforce such a limit, you must timely meet the notification 

requirements in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, and must prove 

by a preponderance of evidence that:

(i) The excess emissions:

(A) Were caused by a sudden, infrequent, and unavoidable 

failure of air pollution control and monitoring equipment, 

process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual 

manner; and

(B) Could not have been prevented through careful planning, 

proper design, or better operation and maintenance practices; 

and

(C) Did not stem from any activity or event that could have 

been foreseen and avoided, or planned for; and

(D) Were not part of a recurring pattern indicative of 

inadequate design, operation, or maintenance; and

(ii) Repairs were made as expeditiously as possible when 

the applicable emission limitations were being exceeded. Offshift and overtime labor were used, to the extent practicable to 
Page 41 of 77

make these repairs; and

(iii) The frequency, amount, and duration of the excess 

emissions (including any bypass) were minimized to the maximum 

extent practicable during periods of such emissions; and

(iv) If the excess emissions resulted from a bypass of 

control equipment or a process, then the bypass was unavoidable 

to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property 

damage; and

(v) All possible steps were taken to minimize the impact of 

the excess emissions on ambient air quality, the environment and 

human health; and

(vi) All emissions monitoring and control systems were kept 

in operation, if at all possible, consistent with safety and 

good air pollution control practices; and

(vii) All of the actions in response to the excess 

emissions were documented by properly signed, contemporaneous 

operating logs; and

(viii) At all times, the affected source was operated in a 

manner consistent with good practices for minimizing emissions; 

and

(ix) A written root cause analysis has been prepared, the 

purpose of which is to determine, correct, and eliminate the 

primary causes of the malfunction and the excess emissions 

resulting from the malfunction event at issue. The analysis must 
Page 42 of 77

also specify, using best monitoring methods and engineering 

judgment, the amount of excess emissions that were the result of 

the malfunction.

(2) Notification. If you experience an exceedance of your 

emission limit(s) during a malfunction, you must submit a 

written report to the Administrator within 45 business days of 

the initial occurrence of the exceedance of the standard(s) in 

§§63.11495 through 63.11499 to demonstrate, with all necessary 

supporting documentation, that it has met the requirements set 

forth in paragraph (e)(1) of this section. You may seek an 

extension of this deadline for up to 30 additional business days 

by submitting a written request to the Administrator before the 

expiration of the 45 business-day period. Until a request for an 

extension has been approved by the Administrator, you are 

subject to the requirement to submit such report within 45 

business days.

Other Requirements and Information

§63.11502 What definitions apply to this subpart?

(a) The following terms used in this subpart have the 

meaning given them in the CAA, §63.2, subpart SS (§63.981), 

subpart WW (§63.1061), 40 CFR 60.111b, subpart F (§63.101), 

subpart G (§63.111), subpart FFFF (§63.2550), as specified after 

each term:

CAA (§63.2)
Page 43 of 77

Article (40 CFR 372.3)

Administrator (§63.2)

Boiler (§63.111)

Bottoms receiver (§63.2550)

Closed-vent system (§63.981)

Combustion device (§63.111)

Commenced (§63.2)

Compliance date (§63.2)

Container (§63.111)

Continuous monitoring system (§63.2)

Distillation unit (§63.111)

Emission standard (§63.2)

EPA (§63.2)

Family of materials (§63.2550)

Fill or filling (§63.111)

Floating roof (§63.1061)

Fuel gas system (§63.981)

Halogen atoms (§63.2550)

Halogenated vent stream (§63.2550)

Halogens and hydrogen halides (§63.2550)

Hazardous air pollutant (§63.2)

Heat exchange system (§63.101)

Incinerator (§63.111)

Isolated intermediate (§63.2550)
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Maintenance wastewater (§63.2550)

Major source (§63.2)

Maximum true vapor pressure (§63.111)

Oil-water separator or organic-water separator (§63.111)

Operating permit (§63.101)

Owner or operator (§63.2)

Performance test (§63.2)

Permitting authority (§63.2)

Process condenser (§63.2550)

Process heater (§63.111)

Process tank (§63.2550)

Process wastewater (§63.101)

Reactor (§63.111)

Responsible official (§63.2)

State (§63.2)

Surge control vessel (§63.2550)

Supplemental gases (§63.2550)

Test method (§63.2)

Unit operation (§63.101)

(b) All other terms used in this subpart shall have the 

meaning given them in this section. If a term is defined in the 

CAA, §63.2, subpart SS (§63.981), subpart WW (§63.1061), 40 CFR 

60.111b, subpart F (§63.101), subpart G (§63.111), or subpart 

FFFF (§63.2550), and in this section, it shall have the meaning 
Page 45 of 77

given in this section for purposes of this subpart.

Affirmative defense means, in the context of an enforcement 

proceeding, a response or defense put forward by a defendant, 

regarding which the defendant has the burden of proof, and the 

merits of which are independently and objectively evaluated in a 

judicial or administrative proceeding.

Ancillary activities means boilers, incinerators, and 

process heaters not used to comply with the emission standards 

in §§63.11495 through 63.11500, chillers and other refrigeration 

systems, and other equipment and activities that are not 

directly involved (i.e., they operate within a closed system and 

materials are not combined with process fluids) in the 

processing of raw materials or the manufacturing of a product or 

intermediates used in the production of the product.

Batch process vent means a vent from a CMPU or vents from 

multiple CMPUs within a process that are manifolded together 

into a common header, through which a HAP-containing gas stream 

is, or has the potential to be, released to the atmosphere. 

Batch process vents include vents with intermittent flow from 

continuous operations that are not combined with any stream that 

originated as a continuous gas stream from the same continuous 

process. Examples of batch process vents include, but are not 

limited to, vents on condensers used for product recovery, 

reactors, filters, centrifuges, and process tanks. The following 

Field Cod
Page 46 of 77

are not batch process vents for the purposes of this subpart:

(1) Continuous process vents;

(2) Bottoms receivers;

(3) Surge control vessels;

(4) Gaseous streams routed to a fuel gas system(s);

(5) A gas stream routed to other processes for reaction or 

other use in another process (i.e., for chemical value as a 

product, isolated intermediate, byproduct, or coproduct, or for 

heat value).

(6) Vents on storage tanks or wastewater systems;

(7) Drums, pails, and totes; and

(8) Emission streams from emission episodes that are 

undiluted and uncontrolled containing less than 50 ppmv HAP are 

not part of any batch process vent. The HAP concentration may be 

determined using any of the following: process knowledge, an 

engineering assessment, or test data.

Byproduct means a chemical (liquid, gas, or solid) that is 

produced coincidentally during the production of the product.

Chemical manufacturing process means all equipment which 

collectively functions to produce a product or isolated 

intermediate. A process includes, but is not limited to any, 

all, or a combination of reaction, recovery, separation, 

purification, or other activity, operation, manufacture, or 

treatment which are used to produce a product or isolated 
Page 47 of 77

intermediate. A process is also defined by the following:

(1) Routine All cleaning operations conducted as part of 

batch operations are considered part of the process;

(2) Each nondedicated solvent recovery operation is 

considered a single process;

(3) Each nondedicated formulation operation is considered a 

single process;

(4) Quality assurance/quality control laboratories are not 

considered part of any process;

(5) Ancillary activities are not considered a process or 

part of any process; and

(6) The end of a process that produces a solid material is 

either up to and including the dryer or extruder, or for a 

polymer production process without a dryer or extruder, it is up 

to and including the die plate or solid-state reactor, except in 

two cases. If the dryer, extruder, die plate, or solid-state 

reactor is followed by an operation that is designed and 

operated to remove HAP solvent or residual monomer from the 

solid, then the solvent removal operation is the last step in 

the process. If the dried solid is diluted or mixed with a HAPbased solvent, then the solvent removal operation is the last 

step in the process.

Continuous process vent means a ―process vent‖ as defined 

in §63.101 in subpart F of this part, except:
Page 48 of 77

(1) The reference in §63.107(e) to a chemical manufacturing 

process unit that meets the criteria of §63.100(b) means a CMPU 

that meets the criteria of §63.11494(a) and (b);

(2) The reference in §63.107(h)(2) to subpart H means 

§63.11495(a) for the purposes of this subpart;

(3) The reference in §63.107(h)(4) to §63.113 means Tables 

2 and 3 to this subpart;

(4) The reference in §63.107(h)(7) to §63.119 means Table 5 

to this subpart, and the reference to §63.126 does not apply for 

the purposes of this subpart;

(5) The second sentence in the definition of ―process vent‖ 

in §63.101 does not apply for the purposes of this subpart;

(6) The references to an ―air oxidation reactor, 

distillation unit, or reactor‖ in §63.107 means any continuous 

operation for the purposes of this subpart;

(7) Section §63.107(h)(8) does not apply for the purposes 

of this subpart; and

(8) A separate determination is required for the emissions 

from each CMPU, even if emission streams from two or more CMPU 

are combined prior to discharge to the atmosphere or to a 

control device.

Co-Product means a chemical that is produced during the 

production of another chemical, both for their intended 

production.
Page 49 of 77

Deviation means any instance in which an affected source 

subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a 

source fails to meet any requirement or obligation established 

by this subpart, including, but not limited to any emissions 

limitation or management practice; or fails to meet any term or 

condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement 

in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for 

any affected source required to obtain such a permit.

Equipment means each pump, compressor, agitator, pressure 

relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or 

line, valve, connector, and instrumentation system in or 

associated with a CMPU.

Family of materials means a grouping of materials that have 

the same basic composition or the same basic end use or 

functionality; are produced using the same basic feedstocks, the 

same manufacturing equipment configuration, and in the same 

sequence of steps; and whose production results in emissions of 

the same Table 1 HAP at approximately the same rate per pound of 

product produced. Examples of families of materials include 

multiple grades of same product or different variations of a 

product (e.g., blue, black, and red resins).

Feedstock means any raw material, reactant, solvent, 

additive, or other material introduced to a CMPU.

Hazardous waste treatment, as used in the wastewater 
Page 50 of 77

requirements, means treatment in any of the following units:

(1) A hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or 

operator has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 

and complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart 

O, or has certified compliance with the interim status 

requirements of 40 CFR part 265, subpart O;

(2) A process heater or boiler for which you either have 

been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and comply with 

the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H, or for which you 

have certified compliance with the interim status requirements 

of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H; or

(3) An underground injection well for which the owner or 

operator has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 or 

40 CFR part 144 and complies with the requirements of 40 CFR 

part 122.

In metal HAP service means that a process vessel or piece 

of equipment either contains or contacts a feedstock, byproduct, 

or product that contains metal HAP.

In organic HAP service means that a process vessel or piece 

of equipment either contains or contacts a feedstock, byproduct, 

or product that contains an organic HAP, excluding any organic 

HAP used in manual cleaning activities. A process vessel is no 

longer in organic HAP service after the vessel has been emptied 

to the extent practicable (i.e., a vessel with liquid left on 
Page 51 of 77

process vessel walls or as bottom clingage, but not in pools, 

due to floor irregularity, is considered completely empty) and 

any cleaning has been completed.

Metal HAP means the compounds containing metals listed as 

HAP in section 112(b) of the CAA.

Metal HAP process vent means the point of discharge to the 

atmosphere (or inlet to a control device, if any) of a metal 

HAP-containing gas stream from any CMPU at an affected source.

Organic HAP means any organic HAP listed in section 112(b) 

of the CAA. For the purposes of requirements in this subpart 

VVVVVV, hydrazine is to be considered an organic HAP.

Process vessel means each vessel, except hand-held 

containers, used in the processing of raw materials to chemical 

products. Examples include, but are not limited to reactors, 

distillation units, centrifuges, mixing vessels, and process 

tanks.

Product means a compound or chemical which is manufactured 

as the intended product of the CMPU. Products include coproducts. By-products, isolated intermediates, impurities, 

wastes, and trace contaminants are not considered products.

Reactive material means energetics, organic peroxides, and 

unstable chemicals such as chemicals that react violently with 

water and chemicals that vigorously polymerize, decompose, or 

become self-reactive under conditions of pressure or 
Page 52 of 77

temperature.

Recovery device means an individual unit of equipment 

capable of and normally used for the purpose of recovering 

organic chemicals or metal-containing chemicals for fuel value 

(i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse, or for sale for 

fuel value, use, or reuse. Examples of equipment that may be 

recovery devices include absorbers, carbon adsorbers, 

condensers, oil-water separators or organic-water separators, or 

organic removal devices such as decanters, strippers, or thinfilm evaporation units.

Resinous material means a viscous, high-boiling point 

material resembling pitch or tar, such as plastic resin, that 

sticks to or hardens in the fill pipe under normal transfer 

conditions.

Shutdown, for a unit operation with a continuous process 

vent, means the cessation of the unit operation for any purpose. 

Shutdown begins with the initiation of steps as described in a 

written standard operating procedures (SOP) or shutdown plan to 

cease normal/stable operation (e.g., reducing or immediately 

stopping feed).

Startup, for a unit operation with a continuous process 

vent, means the setting in operation of the unit for any 

purpose. The period of startup ends upon completion of the 

transient, non-equilibrium step at the time operating conditions 
Page 53 of 77

reach steady state for operating parameters such as temperature, 

pressure, composition, feed rate, and production rate. Periods 

of startup described by SOP manuals at the affected source may 

be used to determine the period of startup.

Storage tank means a tank or other vessel that is used to 

store liquids that contain organic HAP and that are part of a 

CMPU subject to this subpart VVVVVV. The following are not 

considered storage tanks for the purposes of this subpart:

(1) Vessels permanently attached to motor vehicles such as 

trucks, railcars, barges, or ships;

(2) Pressure vessels designed to operate in excess of 

204.9 kilopascals (kPa) and without emissions to the atmosphere; 

(3) Process tanks;

(4) Tanks storing organic liquids containing HAP only as 

impurities;

(5) Surge control vessels; 

(6) Bottoms receivers; and

(7) Wastewater storage tanks.

Transfer operations means all product loading into tank 

trucks and rail cars of liquid containing organic HAP from a 

transfer rack. Transfer operations do not include the loading to 

other types of containers such as cans, drums, and totes.

Transfer rack means the system used to load organic liquids 

into tank trucks and railcars at a single geographic site. It 
Page 54 of 77

includes all loading arms, pumps, meters, shutoff valves, relief 

valves, and other piping and equipment necessary for the 

transfer operation. Transfer equipment that are physically 

separate (i.e., do not share common piping, valves, and other 

equipment) are considered to be separate transfer racks.

Uncontrolled emissions means process vent emissions at the 

outlet of the last recovery device, if any, and prior to any 

control device. In the absence of both recovery devices and 

control devices, uncontrolled emissions are the emissions 

discharged to the atmosphere.

Wastewater means water that is discarded from a CMPU or 

control device and that contains at least 5 ppmw of any HAP 

listed in Table 9 to 40 CFR part 63, subpart G and has an annual 

average flow rate of 0.02 liters per minute. Wastewater means 

both process wastewater and maintenance wastewater that is 

discarded from a CMPU or control device. The following are not 

considered wastewater for the purposes of this subpart:

(1) Stormwater from segregated sewers;

(2) Water from fire-fighting and deluge systems, including 

testing of such systems;

(3) Spills;

(4) Water from safety showers;

(5) Samples of a size not greater than reasonably 

necessary for the method of analysis that is used;
Page 55 of 77

(6) Equipment leaks;

(7) Wastewater drips from procedures such as disconnecting 

hoses after cleaning lines; and

(8) Noncontact cooling water.

Wastewater stream means a single point discharge of 

wastewater from a CMPU or control device.

Wastewater treatment means chemical, biological, and 

mechanical procedures applied to wastewater to remove or reduce 

HAP or other chemical constituents. 

§63.11503 Who implements and enforces this subpart?

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the 

U.S. EPA or a delegated authority such as a State, local, or 

tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated 

authority to a State, local, or tribal agency pursuant to 40 CFR 

part 63, subpart E, then that Agency has the authority to 

implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. 

EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to 

a State, local, or tribal agency within your State.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority 

of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under 40 CFR 

part 63, subpart E, the approval authorities contained in 

paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section are retained by 

the Administrator of the U.S. EPA and are not transferred to the 

State, local, or tribal agency.
Page 56 of 77

(1) Approval of an alternative non-opacity emissions 

standard under §63.6(g).

(2) Approval of a major change to a test method. A ―major 

change to test method‖ is defined in §63.90.

(3) Approval of a major change to monitoring under 

§63.8(f). A ―major change to monitoring‖ is defined in §63.90.

(4) Approval of a major change to recordkeeping/reporting 

under §63.10(f). A ―major change to recordkeeping/reporting‖ is 

defined in §63.90.

Tables to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63

Table 1 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Hazardous Air Pollutants 

Used to Determine Applicability of Chemical Manufacturing 

Operations 

As required in §63.11494(a), chemical manufacturing 

operations that process, use, or produce the HAP shown in the 

following table are subject to subpart VVVVVV.

Type of HAP Chemical name CAS No.

1. Organic

compounds

a. 1,3-butadiene 106990

b. 1,3-dichloropropene 542756

c. Acetaldehyde 75070

d. Chloroform 67663

e. Ethylene dichloride 107062

f. Hexachlorobenzene 118741

g. Methylene chloride 75092

h. Quinoline 91225

2. Metal

compounds

a. Arsenic compounds

b. Cadmium compounds

c. Chromium compounds

d. Lead compounds

e. Manganese compounds

f. Nickel compounds

3. Others a. Hydrazine 302012
Page 57 of 77

Table 2 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63—Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Batch Process Vents

As required in §63.11496, you must comply with the 

requirements for batch process vents as shown in the following 

table.

For... You must... Except...

1. Batch 

 Process 

 process 

 vents in a 

 CMPU at an 

 existing 

 source for

 which the 

 total 

 organic HAP 

 emissions 

 are equal to 

 or greater 

 than 10,000 

 lb/yr

a. Reduce collective 

 uncontrolled total 

 organic HAP 

 emissions from the 

 sum of all batch 

 process vents by 

 ≥85 percent by 

 weight or to ≤20 

 ppmv by routing 

 emissions from a 

 sufficient number 

 of the batch 

 process vents 

 through a closed 

 vent system to any 

 combination of 

 control devices 

 (except a flare) in 

 accordance with the 

 requirements of 

 §63.982(c) and the 

 requirements 

 referenced therein; 

 or 

i. Compliance may

 be based on 

 either total 

 organic HAP or

 total organic 

 carbon (TOC); 

 and

ii. As specified 

 in 

 §63.11496(g).
Page 58 of 77

b. Route emissions 

 from batch process 

 vents containing at 

 least 85 percent of 

 the uncontrolled 

 total organic HAP 

 through a closed-

 vent system to a 

 flare (except that 

 a flare may not be 

 used to control 

 halogenated vent 

 streams) in 

 accordance with 

the 

 requirements of 

 §63.982(b) and the 

 requirements 

 referenced therein; 

 or

i. Not applicable.

c. Comply with the 

 alternative 

 standard specified 

 in §63.2505 and the 

 requirements 

 referenced therein; 

 or

i. As specified in 

 §63.11496(e) of 

 this subpart.

d. Comply with 

 combinations of the 

 requirements in 

 Items a., b., and 

 c. of this Table 

 for different 

 groups of batch 

 process vents.

i. The information 

 specified above 

 for Items a., 

 b., and c., 

 as applicable.

2. Batch 

process 

vents in a 

CMPU at a 

new source 

for which 

the total 

organic HAP 

emissions 

are equal to 

or greater 

than 10,000 

a. Comply with any of 

 the emission limits 

 in Items 1.a 

 through 1.d of this 

 Table, except 90-

 percent reduction 

 applies instead of 

 85 percent 

 reduction in Item 

 1.a, and 90 percent 

 of the emissions 

 must be routed to a 

i. The information 

 specified above 

 for Items 1.a., 

 1.b., 1.c. and 

 1.d, as

 applicable.
Page 59 of 77

lb/yr flare instead of 85 

 percent in Item 

 1.b.

3. Halogenated 

batch 

process vent 

stream at a 

new or 

existing 

source that 

is 

controlled 

through 

combustion 

a. Comply with the 

 requirements for 

 halogen scrubbers 

 in §63.11496(d).

Table 3 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63—Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Continuous Process Vents

As required in §63.11496, you must comply with the 

requirements for continuous process vents as shown in the 

following table.

For... You must... Except...

1. Each 

 continuous 

 process vent 

 with a TRE 

≤1.0

a. Reduce emissions of 

 total organic HAP 

 by ≥95 percent by 

 weight (≥85 percent 

 by weight for 

 periods of startup 

 or shutdown) or to 

 ≤20 ppmv by routing 

 emissions through a 

 closed vent system 

 to any combination 

 of control devices 

 (except a flare) in 

 accordance with the 

 requirements of 

 §63.982(c)(2) and 

 the requirements 

 referenced therein; 

 or

i. Compliance may 

 be based on 

 either total 

 organic HAP or 

 TOC; and

ii. As specified 

 in 

 §63.11496(g).
Page 60 of 77

b. Reduce emissions of 

 total organic by 

 HAP by routing all 

 emissions through a 

 closed-vent system 

 to a flare (except 

 that a flare may 

 not be used to 

 control halogenated 

 vent streams) in 

 accordance with the 

 requirements of 

 §63.982(b) and the 

 requirements 

 referenced therein, 

 or

i. Not 

 applicable.

c. Comply with the 

 alternative 

 standard specified 

 in §63.2505 and the 

 requirements 

 referenced therein. 

i. As specified 

 in 

 §63.11496(e).

2. Halogenated 

 vent stream 

 that is 

 controlled 

 through 

 combustion 

a. Comply with the 

 requirements for 

 halogen scrubbers 

 in §63.11496(d).

Table 4 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63—Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Metal HAP Process Vents

As required in §63.11496(f), you must comply with the 

requirements for metal HAP process vents as shown in the 

following table.

For... You must... Except...

Each CMPU with 

total metal 

HAP emissions 

≥400 lb/yr

Reduce collective 

uncontrolled emissions of 

total metal HAP emissions 

by ≥95 percent by weight 

by routing emissions from 

a sufficient number of 

the metal process vents 

Not Applicable.
Page 61 of 77

through a closed-vent 

system to any combination 

of control devices, 

according to the 

requirements of 

§63.11496(f)(3), (4), or 

(5).

Table 5 to Subpart VVVVVV of part 63—Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Storage Tanks

As required in §63.11497, you must comply with the 

requirements for storage tanks as shown in the following table.

For each... You must... Except...

1. Storage 

tank with a 

design 

capacity 

≥40,000 

gallons, 

storing 

liquid that 

contains 

organic HAP 

listed in 

Table 1 to 

this 

subpart, 

and for 

which the 

maximum 

true vapor 

pressure 

(MTVP) of 

total 

organic HAP 

at the 

storage 

temperature 

is ≥5.2 kPa 

and <76.6 

kPa.

a. Comply with the 

 requirements of 

 subpart WW of 

 this part; 

i. All required seals

 must be installed 

 by the compliance 

 date in §63.11494.

b. Reduce total 

 organic HAP 

 emissions by ≥95 

i. Compliance may 

 be based on 

 either total 
Page 62 of 77

 percent by weight 

 by operating and 

 maintaining a 

 closed-vent 

 system and 

 control device 

 (other than a 

 flare) in 

 accordance with 

 §63.982(c)(1); or

 organic HAP or 

 TOC;

ii. Comply with the 

 management 

 practice 

 inspection 

 requirements in 

 §63.11495 for 

 the closed-vent 

 system;

iii. When the term

 storage vessel

 is used in 

 subpart SS of 

 this part, the 

 term storage 

 tank, surge 

 control vessel, 

 or bottoms 

 receiver, as 

 defined in 

 §63.11502 of 

 this subpart, 

 applies; and

iv. The 

requirements

 do not apply 

 during periods 

 of planned 

 routine 

 maintenance of 

 the control 

 device, as 

 specified in 

 §63.11497(b).

c. Reduce total HAP 

 emissions by 

 operating and 

 maintaining a 

 closed-vent 

 system and a 

 flare in 

 accordance with 

 §63.982(b); or

i. The requirements

 do not apply 

 during periods 

 of planned 

 routine 

 maintenance of 

 the flare, as 

 specified in 

 §63.11497(b); 

 and

ii. When the term 

 storage vessel 
Page 63 of 77

 is used in 

 subpart SS of 

 this part, it 

 means storage 

 tank, surge 

 control vessel, 

 or bottoms 

 receiver, as 

 defined in 

 §63.11502 of 

 this subpart.

d. Vapor balance in 

 accordance with 

 §63.2470(e); or

i. Not applicable.

e. Route emissions 

 to a fuel gas 

 system or process 

 in accordance 

 with the 

 requirements in 

 §63.982(d) and 

 the requirements 

 referenced 

 therein.

i. When the term 

 storage vessel 

 is used in 

 subpart SS of 

 this part, it 

 means storage 

 tank, surge 

 control vessel, 

 or bottoms 

 receiver, as 

 defined in 

 §63.11502.

2. Storage tank

 with a 

 design 

 capacity 

 ≥20,000 

 gallons and 

 <40,000 

 gallons, 

 storing 

 liquid that 

 contains 

 organic HAP 

 listed in 

 Table 1 to 

 this 

 subpart, and 

 for which 

 the MTVP of 

 total 

 organic HAP 

 at the 

a. Comply with one 

 of the options in 

 Item 1 of this 

 table.

i. The information 

 specified above 

 for Items 1.a., 

 1.b., 1.c., 1.d, 

 and 1.e, as

 applicable.
Page 64 of 77

 storage 

 temperature 

 is ≥27.6 kPa

 and <76.6 

 kPa.

3. Storage tank

 with a 

 design 

 capacity 

 ≥20,000 

 gallons, 

 storing 

 liquid that 

 contains 

 organic HAP 

 listed in 

 Table 1 to 

 this 

 subpart, and

 for which 

 the MTVP of 

 total 

 organic HAP 

 at the 

 storage 

 temperature 

 is ≥76.6 

 kPa.

a. Comply with 

 option b, c, d, 

 or e in Item 1 of 

 this table.

i. The information 

 specified above 

 for Items 1.b.,

 1.c., 1.d, 

 and 1.e, as

 applicable.

4. Storage tank

 described by

 Item 1, 2, 

 or 3 in this

 table and 

 emitting a 

 halogenated 

 vent stream 

 that is 

 controlled 

 with a 

 combustion 

 device.

a. Reduce emissions 

 of hydrogen 

 halide and 

 halogen HAP by 

 ≥95 percent by 

 weight, or to 

 ≤0.45 kg/hr, or 

 to ≤20 ppmv by 

 using a halogen 

 reduction device 

 after the 

 combustion device 

 according to the 

 requirements in 

 §63.11496(d); or 

b. Reduce the 

 halogen atom mass 

 emission rate to 

 ≤0.45 kg/hr or to 
Page 65 of 77

 ≤20 ppmv by using 

 a halogen 

 reduction device 

 before the 

 combustion device 

 according to the 

 requirements in 

 §63.11496(d).

Table 6 to Subpart VVVVVV of part 63—Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Wastewater Systems

As required in §63.11498, you must comply with the 

requirements for wastewater systems as shown in the following 

table.

For each... You must... And you must...

1. Wastewater 

 stream

a. Discharge to 

onsite or offsite 

treatment or 

hazardous waste 

treatment.

i. Maintain records 

identifying each 

wastewater stream 

and documenting 

the type of 

treatment that it 

receives. Multiple 

wastewater streams 

with similar 

characteristics 

and from the same 

type of activity 

in a CMPU may be 

grouped together 

for recordkeeping 

purposes.

2. Wastewater 

 stream 

 containing 

 partially 

 soluble HAP 

 at a 

 concentra-

 tion 

 ≥10,000 

 ppmw and 

 separate 

 organic and

a. Use a decanter, 

 steam stripper, 

 thin film 

 evaporator, or 

 distillation unit 

 to separate the 

 water phase from 

 the organic 

 phase(s); or

i. For the water 

phase, comply with 

the requirements 

in Item 1 of this 

table, and

ii. For the organic 

phase(s), recycle 

to a process, use 

as fuel, or 

dispose as 

hazardous waste 

either onsite or 
Page 66 of 77

 water 

 phases 

offsite, and

iii. Keep records of 

the wastewater 

streams subject to 

this requirement 

and the 

disposition of the 

organic phase(s).

b. Hard pipe the 

 entire wastewater 

 stream to onsite 

 treatment as a 

 hazardous waste, 

 or hard pipe the 

 entire wastewater 

 stream to a point 

 of transfer for to 

 offsite treatment 

 as a hazardous 

 waste treatment.

i. Keep records of 

the wastewater 

streams subject to 

this requirement 

and the 

disposition of the 

wastewater 

streams.

Table 7 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63—Partially Soluble HAP

As required in §63.11498(a), you must comply with emission 

limits for wastewater streams that contain the partially soluble 

HAP listed in the following table.

Partially Soluble HAP Name CAS No.

1. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) 71556

2. 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 79345

3. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 79005

4. 1,1-Dichloroethylene (vinylidene chloride) 75354

5. 1,2-Dibromoethane 106934

6. 1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride) 107062

7. 1,2-Dichloropropane 78875

8. 1,3-Dichloropropene 542756

9. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95954

10. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106467

Field Cod
Page 67 of 77

11. 2-Nitropropane 79469

12. 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK) 108101

13. Acetaldehyde 75070

14. Acrolein 107028

15. Acrylonitrile 107131

16. Allyl chloride 107051

17. Benzene 71432

18. Benzyl chloride 100447

19. Biphenyl 92524

20. Bromoform (tribromomethane) 75252

21. Bromomethane 74839

22. Butadiene 106990

23. Carbon disulfide 75150

24. Chlorobenzene 108907

25. Chloroethane (ethyl chloride) 75003

26. Chloroform 67663

27. Chloromethane 74873

28. Chloroprene 126998

29. Cumene 98828

30. Dichloroethyl ether 111444

31. Dinitrophenol 51285

32. Epichlorohydrin 106898

33. Ethyl acrylate 140885

34. Ethylbenzene 100414

35. Ethylene oxide 75218

36. Ethylidene dichloride 75343

37. Hexachlorobenzene 118741

38. Hexachlorobutadiene 87683
Page 68 of 77

39. Hexachloroethane 67721

40. Methyl methacrylate 80626

41. Methyl-t-butyl ether 1634044

42. Methylene chloride 75092

43. N-hexane 110543

44. N,N-dimethylaniline 121697

45. Naphthalene 91203

46. Phosgene 75445

47. Propionaldehyde 123386

48. Propylene oxide 75569

49. Styrene 100425

50. Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) 127184

51. Tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride) 56235

52. Toluene 108883

53. Trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-) 120821

54. Trichloroethylene 79016

55. Trimethylpentane 540841

56. Vinyl acetate 108054

57. Vinyl chloride 75014

58. Xylene (m) 108383

59. Xylene (o) 95476

60. Xylene (p) 106423

Table 8 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63-Emission Limits and 

Compliance Requirements for Heat Exchange Systems

As required in §63.11499, you must comply with the 

requirements for heat exchange systems as shown in the following 

table.

For... You must... Except...
Page 69 of 77

1. Each heat 

 exchange 

 system with

 a cooling 

 water flow 

 rate ≥ 

 8,000

 gal/min and

 not meeting

 one or more

 of the 

 conditions 

 in 

 §63.104(a)

a. Comply with the 

 monitoring 

 requirements in 

 §63.104(c), the 

 leak repair 

 requirements in 

 §63.104(d) and 

 (e), and the 

 recordkeeping and 

 reporting 

 requirements in 

 §63.104(f); or

i. The reference to 

 monthly monitoring 

 for the first 6 

 months in 

 §63.104(c)(1)(iii) 

 does not apply. 

 Monitoring shall be 

 no less frequent than 

 quarterly;

ii. The reference in 

§63.104(f)(1) to 

record retention 

requirements in 

§63.103(c)(1) does 

not apply. Records 

must be retained as 

specified in 

§§63.10(b)(1) and 

63.11501(c); and

iii. The reference in 

§63.104(f)(2) to ―the 

next semi-annual 

periodic report 

required by 

§63.152(c)‖ means the 

next semi-annual 

compliance report 

required by 

§63.11501(f).

b. Comply with the 

 heat exchange 

 system 

 requirements in 

 §63.104(b) and the 

 requirements 

 referenced 

 therein.

i. Not applicable.

Table 9 to Subpart VVVVVV of Part 63—Applicability of General 

Provisions to Subpart VVVVVV

As required in §63.11501(a), you must comply with the 

requirements of the NESHAP General Provisions (40 CFR part 63, 

subpart A) as shown in the following table.

Citation Subject Applies Explanation
Page 70 of 77

to 

Subpart 

VVVVVV?

63.1(a)(1), 

(a)(2), (a)(3), 

(a)(4), (a)(6), 

(a)(10)-(a)(12) 

(b)(1), (b)(3), 

(c)(1), (c)(2), 

(c)(5), (e) 

Applicability Yes.

63.1(a)(5), 

(a)(7)-(a)(9), 

(b)(2), (c)(3), 

(c)(4), (d)

Reserved No.

63.2 Definitions Yes.

63.3 Units and 

Abbreviations

Yes.

63.4 Prohibited 

Activities and 

Circumvention

Yes.

63.5 Preconstruction 

Review and 

Notification 

Requirements

Yes.

63.6(a), (b)(1)-

(b)(5), (b)(7), 

(c)(1), (c)(2), 

(c)(5), 

(e)(1)(iii), (g), 

(i), (j)

Compliance with 

Standards and 

Maintenance 

Requirements

Yes.

63.6(b)(6), 

(c)(3), (c)(4), 

(d), (h)(3), 

(h)(5)(iv) 

Reserved No. See 

§63.11495(d) 

for general 

duty 

requirement.

63.6 (e)(1)(i) 

and (ii), (e)(3), 

and (f)(1)

SSM 

Requirements

No.

63.6(h)(1)-

(h)(4), 

(h)(5)(i)-

(h)(5)(iii), 

(h)(6)-(h)(9)

No. Subpart VVVVVV 

does not 

include opacity 

or visible 

emissions (VE) 

standards or 

require a 

continuous 

opacity 
Page 71 of 77

monitoring 

system (COMS).

63.7(a)(1), 

(a)(3), (a)(4), 

(c), (e)(4), and 

(f)-(h)

Performance 

Testing 

Requirements

Yes.

63.7(a)(2), (b), 

(d), (e)(1)–(3)

Performance 

Testing 

Schedule, 

Notification of 

Performance 

Test, 

Performance 

Testing 

Facilities, and 

Conduct of 

Performance 

Tests

Yes/No. Requirements 

apply if 

conducting test 

for metal HAP 

control; 

requirements in 

§§63.997(c)(1), 

(d), (e), and 

63.999(a)(1) 

apply, as 

referenced in 

§63.11496(g), 

if conducting 

test for 

organic HAP or 

hydrogen halide 

and halogen HAP 

control device.

63.7(a)(2), (b), 

(d), (e)(2)—

(e)(3)

Performance 

Testing 

Schedule, 

Notification of 

Performance 

Test, 

Performance 

Testing 

Facilities, and 

Conduct of 

Performance 

Tests

Yes/No Requirements 

apply if 

conducting test 

for metal HAP 

control; 

requirements in 

§§63.997(c)(1), 

(d), (e), and 

63.999(a)(1) 

apply, as 

referenced in 

§63.11496(g), 

if conducting 

test for 

organic HAP or 

hydrogen halide 

and halogen HAP 

control device.

63.7(e)(1) Performance 

Testing

No. See 

§63.11496(f)(3)

(ii) if 

conducting a 

test for metal 
Page 72 of 77

HAP emissions. 

See 

§§63.11496(g) 

and 

63.997(e)(1) if 

conducting a 

test for 

continuous 

process vents 

or for hydrogen 

halide and 

halogen 

emissions. See 

§§63.11496(g) 

and 63.2460(c) 

if conducting a 

test for batch 

process vents.

63.8(a)(1), 

(a)(4), (b), 

(c)(1)-(c)(3), 

(f)(1)-(5)

Monitoring 

Requirements

Yes. References to 

SSM in §63.8(c) 

do not apply.

63.8(a)(1), 

(a)(4), (b), 

(c)(1)(ii), 

(c)(2)-(c)(3), 

(f)(1)-(5)

Monitoring 

Requirements

Yes

63.8(c)(1)(i) General Duty to 

Minimize 

Emissions and 

CMS Operation

No

63.8(c)(1)(iii) Requirement to 

Develop SSM 

Plan for CMS

No

63.8(a)(2) Monitoring 

Requirements

No.

63.8(a)(3) Reserved No.

63.8(c)(4) No. Continuous 

parameter 

monitoring 

system (CPMS) 

requirements in 

40 CFR part 63, 

subparts SS and 

FFFF are 

referenced from 

§63.11496.
Page 73 of 77

63.8(c)(5) No. Subpart VVVVVV 

does not 

require COMS.

63.8(c)(6)-

(c)(8), (d), (e), 

(f)(6)

Yes. Requirements 

apply only if 

you use a 

continuous 

emission 

monitoring 

system (CEMS) 

to demonstrate 

compliance with 

the alternative 

standard in 

§63.11496(e). 

References to 

SSM in §63.8(d) 

do not apply.

63.8(c)(6)-

(c)(8), (d)(1)-

(d)(2), (e), 

(f)(6)

Yes Requirements 

apply only if 

you use a 

continuous 

emission 

monitoring 

system (CEMS) 

to demonstrate 

compliance with 

the alternative 

standard in 

§63.11496(e).

63.8(d)(3) Written 

Procedures for 

CMS

Yes Requirement 

applies except 

for last 

sentence, which 

refers to an 

SSM plan. SSM 

plans are not 

required.

63.8(g)(1)-(g)(4) Yes. Data reduction 

requirements 

apply only if 

you use CEMS to 

demonstrate 

compliance with 

alternative 

standard in 

§63.11496(e). 
Page 74 of 77

COMS 

requirements do 

not apply. 

Requirement in 

§63.8(g)(2) 

does not apply 

because data 

reduction for 

CEMS are 

specified in 40 

CFR part 63, 

subpart FFFF.

63.8(g)(5) No. Data reduction 

requirements 

for CEMS are 

specified in 40 

CFR part 63, 

subpart FFFF, 

as referenced 

from §63.11496. 

CPMS 

requirements 

are specified 

in 40 CFR part 

63, subparts SS 

and FFFF, as 

referenced from 

§63.11496.

63.9(a), (b)(1), 

(b)(2), (b)(4), 

(b)(5), (c), (d), 

(e), (i)

Notification 

Requirements

Yes.

63.9(b)(3), 

(h)(4)

Reserved No.

63.9(f) No. Subpart VVVVVV 

does not 

contain opacity 

or VE limits.

63.9(g) Yes. Additional 

notification 

requirement 

applies only if 

you use CEMS to 

demonstrate 

compliance with 

alternative 

standard in 
Page 75 of 77

§63.11496(e).

63.9(h)(1)-

(h)(3), (h)(5)-

(h)(6)

Yes. Except subpart 

VVVVVV does not 

contain opacity 

or VE limits.

63.9(j) Change in 

Information 

Already 

Provided

No. Notification of 

process changes 

that affect a 

compliance 

determination 

are required in 

§63.11501(d)(4)

.

63.10(a) Recordkeeping 

Requirements

Yes.

63.10(b)(1) Yes.

63.10(b)(2)(i)-

(b)(2)(v)

Yes. Any references 

to SSM do not 

apply.

63.10(b)(2)(i) Recordkeeping 

of Occurrence 

and Duration of 

Startups and 

Shutdowns

No See 

§63.11501(c)(8) 

for 

recordkeeping 

of occurrence 

and duration of 

each startup 

and shutdown 

for continuous 

process vents 

that are 

subpart to 

Table 3 to this 

subpart.

63.10(b)(2)(ii) Recordkeeping 

of Malfunctions

No See 

§63.11501(c)(1)

(vii) and 

(viii) for 

recordkeeping 

of (1) 

occurrence and 

duration and 

(2) actions 

taken during 

malfunction.

63.10(b)(2)(iii) Maintenance 

Records

Yes

63.10(b)(2)(iv) Actions Taken No
Page 76 of 77

and (v) to Minimize 

Emissions 

During SSM

63.10(b)(2)(vi), 

(x), (xi), (xiii)

Yes. Apply only if 

you use CEMS to 

demonstrate 

compliance with 

alternative 

standard in 

§63.11496(e).

63.10(b)(2)(vii)-

(b)(2)(ix), 

(b)(2)(xii), 

(b)(2)(xiv)

Yes.

63.10(b)(3) Yes.

63.10(c)(1), 

(c)(5)-(c)(6), 

(c)(13)-(c)(14)

Yes. Apply only if 

you use CEMS to 

demonstrate 

compliance with 

alternative 

standard in 

§63.11496(e).

63.10(c)(7)-

(c)(8), (c)(10)-

(c)(12), (c)(15)

Yes. Any reference 

to SSM does not 

apply.

63.10(c)(7)-(8) Additional 

Recordkeeping 

Requirements 

for CMS –

Identifying 

Exceedances and 

Excess 

Emissions

Yes

63.10(c)(10) Recordkeeping 

Nature and 

Cause of 

Malfunctions

No See 

§63.11501(c)(1)

(vii) and 

(viii) for 

malfunctions 

recordkeeping 

requirements.

63.10(c)(11) Recording 

Corrective 

Actions

No See 

§63.11501(c)(1)

(vii) and 

(viii) for 

malfunctions 

recordkeeping 

requirements.
Page 77 of 77

63.10(c)(12) Yes

63.10(c)(15) Use of SSM Plan No

63.10(c)(2)-

(c)(4), (c)(9) 

Reserved No.

63.10(d)(1), 

(d)(2), (d)(4), 

(e)(1), (e)(2), 

(f)

Reporting 

Requirements

Yes.

63.10(d)(3) No. Subpart VVVVVV 

does not 

include opacity 

or VE limits.

63.10(d)(5) SSM Reports No. See 

§63.11501(d)(8) 

for reporting 

requirements 

for 

malfunctions.

63.10(e)(1)-

(e)(2)

Yes. Apply only if 

you use CEMS to 

demonstrate 

compliance with 

alternative 

standard in 

§63.11496(e).

63.10(e)(3) Yes.

63.10(e)(4) No. Subpart VVVVVV 

does not 

include opacity 

or VE limits.

63.11 Control Device 

Requirements

Yes.

63.12 State 

Authorities and 

Delegations

Yes.

63.13 Addresses Yes.

63.14 Incorporations 

by Reference

Yes.

63.15 Availability of 

Information and 

Confidentiality

Yes.

63.16 Performance 

Track 

Provisions

Yes.