Any use of trade names is for descriptive 

imply endorsement by the U.S. Governme

For sale by U.S. Geological Survey Inform

Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225

1-888-ASK-USGS

ArcInfo coverages and a PDF for this map 

http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3142/

Suggested citation:

Turner, K.J., Berry, M.E., Page, W.R., Lehm

Scott, R.B., Miggins, D.P., Budahn, J.R., C

Anderson, E.D., and Williams, V.S., 2011, G

National Park, Texas: U.S. Geological Su

Map 3142, scale 1:75,000, pamphlet 84 p.

Photograph Credits

Mule Ear Peaks (Courtesy of the National Park Service, 

 Big Bend National Park Visitor Photo Gallery)

Santa Elena Canyon (Photograph by Van S. Williams, U.S. Geological Survey)

Casa Grande in fog (Courtesy of the National Park Service)

Chisos Formation sandstone (Photograph by Daniel P. Miggins, U.S. Geological Survey)

Full moon over El Pico (Courtesy of the National Park Service, 

 Big Bend National Park Visitor Photo Gallery)

Yucca cactus (Courtesy of the National Park Service)

Century plant (Photograph by Daniel P. Miggins, U.S. Geological Survey)

Prickly pear cactus (Photograph by Margaret E. Berry, U.S. Geological Survey)

Gulf Fritillary, large (Courtesy of the National Park Service)

Gulf Fritillary, Small (Modified from photograph by Calibas. 

 Any use is licensed under GNU Free Document License 1.2 or later and

 Creative Commons 3.0)

Mexican Jay (Photograph by Alan Vernon. 

 Any use is licensed under Creative Commons 2.0)

American black bear cub (Courtesy of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)

Coyote (Photograph by Rebecca Richardson. 

 Any use is licensed under Creative Commons 2.0)

Collared lizard (Photograph by Daniel Schwen. 

 Any use is licensed under GNU Free Document License 1.2 or later and

 Creative Commons 3.0)

Black-tailed jackrabbit (Photograph by pschemp. 

 Any use is licensed under GNU Free Document License 1.2 or later and 

 Creative Commons 3.0)

Tarantula (Photograph by Kenzie J. Turner, U.S. Geological Survey)

Author and Production Credits

Surficial geology mapped and com

2004–2009; and Van S. Williams, 2

Bedrock geology mapped and com

2005–2009; William R. Page, 2003–

2001–2007; Robert G. Bohannon, 2

2003–2005; Lawrence W. Snee, 20

Roger W. Cooper, 2004–2010

Digital map database prepared by 

Editing and digital cartography by 

Denver Publishing Service Center

Graphic design and layout by Caro

Denver Publishing Service Center

Manuscript approved for publicat

Eolian sand (Holocene)

Rock fall deposits (Holocene and late Pleistocene)

Colluvium and colluvial-fan deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Landslide deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Spring deposits (Holocene and Pleistocene)

Active tributary wash and river deposits (latest Holocene)

Younger of the young axial river deposits (Holocene)

Older of the young axial river deposits (Holocene to late Pleistocene)

Young alluvial deposits, undivided (Holocene to late Pleistocene)

Younger of the young alluvial deposits (Holocene) 

Older of the young alluvial deposits (Holocene to late Pleistocene)

Intermediate alluvial deposits, undivided (late and middle Pleistocene)

Intermediate axial river deposits, undivided (late and middle Pleistocene)

Old alluvial deposits, undivided (middle to early? Pleistocene)

Old axial river deposits (middle to early? Pleistocene)

Younger of the intermediate alluvial deposits (late to middle

 Pleistocene)

Older of the intermediate alluvial deposits (middle Pleistocene)

Youngest intermediate axial river deposits (late Pleistocene)

Older intermediate axial river deposits (late to middle Pleistocene)

Oldest intermediate axial river deposits (middle Pleistocene)

Very old alluvium (early Pleistocene and Pliocene)

Basin-fill deposits (Miocene)

Gravity slide blocks (Miocene?)

Quaternary to Tertiary deposits, undivided (Holocene to Miocene)

 (cross-section only)

Volcanic rocks, undivided (Oligocene)

Basaltic flow (Oligocene)

Burro Mesa Formation (Oligocene)

Sierra Quemada related rocks (Oligocene)

Rhyolite member

Wasp Spring member

Intrusive rocks, undivided

Sierra Quemada ring dike

Sierra Quemada intrusive rocks, undivided

Sierra Quemada vent breccia

Intrusive complex at Rattlesnake Mountain (Oligocene)

Intrusive rocks, undivided (Oligocene to Eocene)

Rhyolitic and other felsic composition intrusive rocks, undivided

 (Oligocene to Eocene)

 

Andesitic and other intermediate composition intrusive rocks, undivided

 (Oligocene to Eocene)

Basaltic and other mafic composition intrusive rocks, undivided

 (Oligocene to Eocene)

Dominguez Mountain related rocks (Oligocene)

South Rim Formation (Oligocene)

Fayalite syenite of Grapevine Hills (Oligocene)

Fayalite syenite of McKinney Hills (Oligocene)

Syenite of Rosillos Mountains (Oligocene)

Christmas Mountains related volcanic rocks (Eocene)

Chisos Formation (Oligocene and Eocene)

Canoe Formation (Eocene)

Hannold Hill Formation (Eocene)

Black Peaks Formation (Paleocene to Up

Javelina Formation (Upper Cretaceous)

Aguja Formation (Upper Cretaceous)

Buda Limestone (Upper Cretaceous)

Buda Limestone and Del Rio Clay, undiv

 (cross-section only)

Del Rio Clay (Upper Cretaceous)

Sue Peaks Formation (Lower Cretaceous

Del Carmen Limestone (Lower Cretaceou

Telephone Canyon Formation and Maxon 

 (Lower Cretaceous)

Glen Rose Limestone (Lower Cretaceous

Paleozoic rocks, undivided (Lower Penns

Tesnus Formation (Lower Pennsylvanian 

Mississippian to Ordovician rocks, undiv

Boquillas Formation, undivided (Upper C

San Vicente Member

Ernst Member

Emory Peak rhyolite member

Boot Rock member

Pine Canyon rhyolite member

Outflow deposits, undivided

Ring dike

Intrusive rocks, undivided

Dominguez Mountain mafic lava flows

Dominguez Mountain dike swarm

Dominguez Mountain intrusive rocks, undivided

Younger part, undivided (Oligocene and Eocene)

Older part, undivided (Eocene) (cross-section only)

Tule Mountain Trachyandesite Member (Oligocene)

Mule Ear Spring Tuff Member (Oligocene)

Bee Mountain Basalt Member (Oligocene)

Undifferentiated lava flow (Eocene)

Ash Spring Basalt Member (Eocene)

Alamo Creek Basalt Member (Eocene)

Sandstone, tuff, and rhyolite unit

Siltstone unit

Rhyolite tuff unit

LIST OF MAP UNITS

LOWER TERTIARY TO LOWER CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

SURFICIAL DEPOSITS

Qe

Tdm

Tdd

Tdi

Tse

Tsb

Tsp

Tsr

Tsi

Tigh

Timh

Tirm

Tx

Tcy

Tctm

Tcbm

Tcas

Tcac

Tcstr

Tco

Tcks

Tcrt

Qrf

Qc

Qls

Qs

Qaw

Qyw1

Qyw2

Qya

Qya1

Qya2

Qia

Qia1

Qia2

Qiw

Qiw1

Qiw2

Qiw3

Qoa

Qow

QTa

Ta

Tgs

Tv

Tirc

Tfb

Tqd

Tqi

Tqv

Tbr

Tbw

Tbi

QTu

Tcl

Tc

Thh

TKbp

Kj

Ka

Kb

Kbs

Kbe

Kbd

Kbu

Kdr

Ksp

Kdc

Ktm

Kgr

MOu

Ti

Tir

Tia

Tib

Tsd

Tcme

Kse Santa Elena Limestone (Lower Cretaceou

Contact

Normal—Dashed where approximately l

 concealed. Bar and ball on downthrow

Buried—Inferred from geophysical data

Oblique-slip, right-lateral offset—Dott

 Bar and ball on downthrown side; paire

 relative right-lateral strike-slip moveme

Reverse—Dotted where concealed. Sho

 U on upthrown side, D on downthrown 

 Mountains only

Thrust—Dashed where approximately lo

 concealed. Sawteeth on upper plate

Oblique-slip, left-lateral offset—Dotted 

 Bar and ball on downthrown side; paire

 relative left-lateral strike-slip movemen

Geochronology sample location and map 

 (Appendix)

MAP EXPLANATIO

Dike

Strike and dip of bedding

Faults

Inclined 

Horizontal

50

51

Vertical

Overturned

Anticline—Dashed where approximately lo

 concealed

Syncline—Dashed where approximately lo

 concealed

46

U

D

Tt Trachytic lava, undivided (Oligocene)

Kp Pen Formation (Upper Cretaceous)

Mt

Pzu

PALEOZOIC ROCK

MIDDLE TERTIARY VOLCANIC AND INTRUSIVE ROCKS

Undivided surficial deposits

Tertiary mass-movement deposits

Eolian deposits

Hillslope and mass-movement deposits

Spring deposits

Alluvial and basin-fill deposits

Holocene

Pleistocene

Pliocene

Miocene

Oligocene

Eocene

Paleocene

Upper

Cretaceous

Lower

Cretaceous

Miocene

QUATERNARY

TERTIARY

CRETACEOUS

PENNSYLVANIAN

MISSISSIPPIAN

DEVONIAN, SILURIAN,

AND ORDOVICIAN

CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS

EOLIAN

DEPOSITS

HILLSLOPE AND

MASS-MOVEMENT

DEPOSITS

SPRING

DEPOSITS

ALLUVIAL AND

BASIN-FILL

DEPOSITS

MIDDLE TERTIARY VOLCANIC

AND INTRUSIVE ROCKS

LOWER TERTIARY–LOWER CRETACEOUS

AND

PALEOZOIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Ti Tir Tia Tib

Tbr Tv

Tbw

Tbi

Tt Tqd Tqi Tqv Tdm Tdd Tdi

Tirc

Tfb

Tse

Tx

Thh

TKbp

Kj

Ka

Kp

Kbu

Kdr

Kbs

Kbe

Tc

Tcbm

Kb

Tcac

Tco

Tcy

Tcstr

Tsb

Tsp

Tsi Tigh Timh Tirm

Unconformity

Unconformity

Unconformity

Unconformity

Unconformity

Unconformity

Tcrt

Kse

Ksp

Kdc

Ktm

Kgr

MOu

Kbd

Tctm

Tcme

Tcbm

Tcks

?

?

? ? ? ?

? ? ? ?

Qe Qyw1

Qyw2 Qya2

Qiw Qia

Qiw1

Qiw2

Qiw3 Qia2

Qia1

Qow

?

Qoa

? QTu

Qaw

Qc Qls Qs

Tgs Ta

QTa

Qya1

Qrf Qya

Tcas

Tcl

Tsr Tsd

?

?

Mt

Pzu

A T A T Kgr Kgr

Ktm

Ktm

Kdc Kdc

Ksp Ksp

Kse Kse

Kbd

Kbd

Kb Kb

Kp Kp

Ka Ka

Kj

Kj

QTu

Kgr

Ktm

Kdc

Kse

Kbd

Kb

Kp

Ka Kj QTu TKbp QTu QTu QTu

Kgr

Kgr

Ktm

Ktm

Kdc

Kdc

Ksp

Ksp

Ksp

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kbd

Kbd

Kp Kb QTu QTu

Kbd Kbd

Kb

QTu

COW HEAVEN

ANTICLINE

MARISCAL MOUNTAIN

ANTICLINE

FRESNO CREEK

TORNILLO CREEK

SIERRA DEL CARMEN

?

C C’

1200

800

400

0

-400

-800

1200

800

400

0

-400

-800

METERS METERS

0 5 KILOMETERS

VERTICAL EXAGGERATION X 2

HORIZONTAL SCALE

Pzu Pzu Pzu

Pzu Pzu

Kse

?

Kb

Kj

Ka

TKbp

TKbp

Kp

Kb

Kse

Kgr

Kdc

Kj

Ta

Kp

Kp

Kse

Kgr

Kdc

Kj

Ka

TKbp

TKbp

Kj

Kp

Kb

Kb

Kse

Kse

Kgr

Kgr

Kdc

Kdc

Ka

TKbp

Kp

Kb

Kse

Kgr

Kdc

Kj

Ka

Tcbm Tcac

Tcy

Tcy Tcy

Tcy

Kp

Ta QTu

QTu

QTu Tt

Tt

Ta

Tt

Tcbm

Tcac

Tcac

QTa

Tco

Tco

Tco

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

HAYES

RIDGE

Tsb

Tsb

Tsd

Tsi

Tsi

BEND

IN SECTION

Tsp

Tsi

Tsi

QTu

QTu

QTu QTu

Ktm

Ktm

Ksp

Kbd

Kbd

Timh

Timh

Timh

Ksp

QTu

Ktm

Ksp

Kbd

Ktm

Ksp

Kbd

Ktm

Ksp

Kbd

Tsb

Tco

Tqi

Tqd Tqv

Tqd Tib

DUGOUT WELLS FAULT

PINE CANYON CALDERA

SOUTH RIM

SIERRA QUEMADA

DELAHO BOLSON

SIERRA 

DE CHINO

ESTUFA BOLSON MCKINNEY HILLS

SIERRA DE

Kbd

Tqi

Pzu

Pzu

Pzu

Pzu

Pzu

TORNILLO CREEK

0 5 KILOMETERS

VERTICAL EXAGGERATION X 2

HORIZONTAL SCALE

B

0

400

800

1200

2000

1600

-400

-800

-1200

-1600

-2000

METERS

1200

800

400

0

-400

METERS 

0 5 KILOMETERS

VERTICAL EXAGGERATION X 2

HORIZONTAL SCALE

Kse

Kgr Ktm

Ksp

Kbd

CHALK DRAW FAULT

Tib Kb QTu

Kdc

Kp

Ka

Ka

Tib

Tib

QTu QTu

Kb Kb

Kgr Kgr

Kdc

Ktm 

Ksp K

Kb

Kse Kse

Kp

CHALK DRAW BASIN

A 

QTu

Kbd

Kdc

Pzu Pzu

Pzu

 Big Bend National Park, Texas

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3142

Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service

(Pamphlet accompanies map)

Geologic Map 2011

of

Geology

Scenic Landscapes

By Kenzie J. Turner,1 Margaret E. Berry,

1

 William R. Page,

1

 Thomas M. Lehman,

2

 Robert G. Bohannon,

1

Robert B. Scott,

3

 Daniel P. Miggins,

1

 James R. Budahn,

1

 Roger W. Cooper,4 Benjamin J. Drenth,

1

Eric D. Anderson,

1

 and Van S. Williams1

1

U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado

2

Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas

3

U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, Oregon

4

Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas

Casa Grande. Casa Grande is one of the highest peaks (7,325 ft elevation) in the Chisos Mountains, and in Texas. 

The peak’s name, meaning “Big House” in Spanish, comes from its massive, steep-sided profile, which towers 

above the Basin. Casa Grande is an extra-caldera vent, or volcanic dome, of the Pine Canyon caldera, which 

erupted rocks of the South Rim Formation.

(Above) The Rio Grande near the mouth of Santa Elena 

Canyon. As the international boundary between the 

U.S. and Mexico (Mexico is on the left side of the river 

and the U.S. is on the right), the Rio Grande is the 

lifeblood of the region and is a fragile, riparian ecosystem

with unique plant and animal communities, and a critical

shared water resource of bi-national communities along 

this desolate course. 

(Above) Mule Ear Peaks. Mule Ear Peaks 

are one of the most distinctive geologic

landforms in the park, and are composed of 

the Chisos Formation and overlying Burro 

Mesa Formation.

View of El Pico in the Sierra del Carmen.

Although El Pico is located across the Rio

Grande from Big Bend, in Coahuila, Mexico, the

Sierra del Carmen extends northward into Big 

Bend National Park, where the range forms 

towering limestone cliffs, originally deposited in

ancient seas during Cretaceous time. The high 

mountain range is a series of uplifted, east-tilted 

fault blocks, which mark the easternmost range

of the western North American cordillera. 

Texas Brown tarantula. T

tarantula is a common var

in Big Bend National Park

grow in excess of a four-in

weigh more than 3 ounces 

Face off. A coyote (left) and a black-tailed jackrabbit (above) face off. Coyotes 

are well adapted in Big Bend, and are found in almost all environments in the 

park. The black-tailed jackrabbit is actually a hare, and is prey for mountain lions,

coyotes, fox, bobcats, and hawks and eagles.

(Above) Gulf Fritillary. Over 160 species of butterflies occur in Big 

Bend National Park, and the Gulf Fritillary, also known as Passion

Butterfly, is one of the more common varieties in the park. 

Blooming prickly pear. Big Bend boasts more species of 

cacti than any other park, and the wide variety is attributed 

to the diverse settings of the park.

Yucca Faxoniana. This towering

variety is also known as giant or 

Spanish dagger, beaked yucca, 

or soaptree yucca. Native 

Americans ate flowers, petals, 

and young stalks of the plant, 

and used the leaves for rope,

mats, sandals, and baskets.

(Right) Century plant. The 

century plant is the largest 

agave in the park, and is the 

food source for the endangered

Mexican long-nosed bat, 

which pollinates the brightcolored yellow flowers.

(Right) Collared lizards. Collared lizards are some of the largest lizards in the park, 

and are a critical part of the Big Bend ecosystem because they are the food source 

for many birds in the park, and they help control the population of insects.

(Left) Black bears. Black bears were common in the 

park in the early 1900s, but none were observed after 

Big Bend became a park in 1944. They returned to the 

park from Mexico in the 1980s, and remain there today 

mostly in the Chisos Mountains; their recolonization is 

rare and enigmatic. They are well adapted to the Chisos

Mountains, mainly because of their food source of 

acorns, juniper berries, pinon nuts, all available in this 

woodland environment.

(Right) Chisos Formation. Spires of orange-weathering

tuffaceous sandstone of the Chisos Formation, near 

Blue Creek Ranch. 

(Right) Mexican Jay. Big Bend National 

Park is one of the best localities in the U.S. 

for bird watching, and more species have 

been recorded there than any other National

Park. Some of the more rare species 

include the Mexican Jay, Mexican mallard, 

Lucifer hummingbird, and Colima warbler.

Big Bend National Park offers some of the most diverse and scenic landscapes of all national parks, and is renowned

for its spectacular geology. The Chisos Mountains are the centerpiece of the park with its rugged volcanic peaks 

in an evergreen and oak woodland setting. The lowlands surrounding the Chisos Mountains are part of the Chihuahuan 

Desert, where each Spring the desert floor blooms with bursts of brightly colored wildflowers, cacti, and other plants. 

The Rio Grande contrasts sharply with the desert, and forms a green ribbon of life winding through the rocky 

landscape. Mesa de Anguila and Sierra del Carmen are uplifted mesas and mountains bounding the west and 

east sides of the park, respectively, where they form steep, majestic cliffs and deep, intervening canyons.

The geology of Big Bend is intricately linked to 

plant and animal ecosystems, and the geologic 

formations greatly influence the distribution of the 

wide variety of plant and animal communities in the 

park. The extraordinary bio-diversity in Big Bend 

reflects the wide variety of natural mountain, desert, 

and river landscapes in the park, and is also due to 

the great variability in climate and elevation of those 

different landscapes. Big Bend has more species of 

birds than any other national park, and the Chihuahuan

Desert has the greatest diversity of plants of any 

desert on earth.

Ecosystems

TRIM

TRIM

29°30’

29°30’

103°15’

103°30’

29°15’

29°15’

29°15’

103°45’

103°45’

103°30’

29°15’

103°00’

103°15’

29°00’ 29°00’

A

B

C 

A’

B’

C’

Ka

Qia

Qia

Ka

Kp

Kb Tia

Kb

Kb

Kb

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

Tir

Kb

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Kj

Ka

QTa Tcas

Tcstr

Tcy

Tcy

Tx

Tx

Tia

Tcy

Tv

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy Tcy

Ti

Ti

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tcy

Tdd

Tdi

Tdm

Tcstr

Tcstr

Tcstr

Tcstr

QTa

QTa

QTa

Tc

QTa

QTa

QTa

QTa

Qya

Qya

Qaw

Qaw

QTa

QTa

Ka

Ka Kb

Ka

Ti

Ka

Ka

Ka

Qya

Ka

Kj

Kj

Kj

Qe

Qow

Qe

Ka

Kb

Kp

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Ka

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kse

Kdr

Kse

Kse

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

QTa Tia

Qls

Qls

Tib

Qls

Tsr

Tsr

Qrf

Qrf

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

Ta

Ta

Ta

Ta

Qls

Qls

Qls

Qls

QTa

Kbs

Kbs

Kbs

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Kbe

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Qe

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Kb

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Kb

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ka

Ti

Tib

Tir

Tib

Tib

Tib

Tib

Tib

Tib

Ka

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Ti

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Ti

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Qls

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kp

Kb

QTa

QTa

QTa

MOu

Mt

Pzu

Kgr

Tgs

Kgr

Kb

Ka

Ka

Ta

Ta

Ta

Ta

Ka

Kb

Kbe

Kbe

Qiw

Qiw1

Kbe Qiw2

Kbe

Kbe

Kb

Kb

Qia Kbu

Qiw

Tib

Tib

Tib

Kse

Kse

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kbu

Kbu

Kb Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qls

Qc

Qia

Qia

Qyw2

Qiw1

Qc

Qc

Qls

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qrf

Qc

Qc

Qc Kb

Kbu

Kbu

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kse

Kbu

Kdr

Kdr

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kbu

Kdc

Kgr Ktm

Ksp

Kdc

Kdr

Kdc

Kdc

Kgr

Kgr

Kgr

Kdc

Kdc

Kdc

Kdc

Kdc

Kdc

Ksp

Ksp Qrf

Kdc

Ksp

Ksp

Ksp

Ksp

Ksp

Ksp

Kdr

Kdr

Kdc

Qiw1

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kdr

Kj

Kj

Kj

Tcac

Tcac Tcac

Tcac

Tcac

Tcac

Tcac

Tcac

Tcac

Kj

QTa

Tbr

Tfb

Tbw

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tt

Tbw

Tsr

Tsb

Tsb

Tsd Tsd

Tsb

Tsp

Tsp

Tsb

Tse

Tse

Tbw

Tbw

Tcbm

Tcme

Tcme

Tcme

Tcbm

Tcme

Tcbm

Tcbm

Tcbm

Tcbm

Tcbm

Tbr

Tbr

Tbr

Tbi

Tbi

Ti

Tbi

QTa

Qrf Qrf

Qs

Kj

Kj

Kj Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Kj

Ti

Kj

Kj

TKbp

TKbp

TKbp

Tigh

Kj

Kj

Tc

Ktm

Ktm

Ktm

Ksp

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qiw1

Qiw3

Qiw1

Qiw1

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qc

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qaw

Qia

Qia Tia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Tqd

Tqd

Tqi

Tqv

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia

Qia1

Qia1

Qia2

Qia2

Qia2

Qia2

Tia

Qia2

Tia

Tir

Tir

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Tcstr

Tcas

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Tsd

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U D

70

85

48

27

87

24 45

65

20

26

42

82

12

10

55

7

4

34

8

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17

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7

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22

23

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46

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48

20

20

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35

80

30

5

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2

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30

18

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25

12

12

12

65

40 8

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28

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11

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20

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25

53

60

6

30

10

10

12

12

12

11

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10 10

10

19

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11

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3

16

4

10

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12

25

8

28 60 42

10

35

44

10

10

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18

12

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14

5

5

22

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12

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18

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21

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15

15

15

2

2

2

4

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6

6

5

5

15

13

11 13

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16 20

11

11

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55

5

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75

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5

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5

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84

57

12

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37

7

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20

15 40

40

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5

7

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5

10

10

10 10

10

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30

18

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19

2

8

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10 21

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32 11

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4

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7

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51

8

8

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3

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7

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6

6

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22

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5

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4

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3

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6

18

18

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34

15

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4 15

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15

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75

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60

10

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13

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4

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14

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10

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29 15

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15

12

14

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5

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30 35

15

36

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28

5

19

4

70 12

20

13

82

83

81

84

50

31

35

30

34

72

73

78

36

79

32

33

77

86

76

80

61

59

29

37

27

26

24 28

58

53

4

10

1

2

12

25

13

51

23

20

22

21

19

16

11

62

5

14

44

17

65

57

63

55

54

48

45

41

18

67

68

3

43

70

52

46

8

74

75

42

38

9

47

15

56

66

49

7

6

64

60

40

85

39

71

69

CONVERSION FACTORS

Multiply By To obtain

inches (in.) 2.54 centimeters (cm)

feet (ft) 0.3048 meters (m)

miles (mi) 1.609 kilometers (km)

TRUE NORTH

MAGNETIC NORTH

7 ̊

APPROXIMATE MEAN

DECLINATION, 2010

1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS

SCALE 1: 75 000

1 1/2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES

CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 METERS

NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929

TEXAS

LOCATION MAP

 Big Bend

National Park

Base from U.S. Geological Survey

Chisos Mountains, Texas–Chihuahua–Coahuila, 1985;

Boquillas, Texas–Coahuila, 1984; and

Santiago Mountains, Texas, 1985

Projection Universal Transverse Mercator

1927 North American Datum