FAA-S-8081-29

U.S. Department with Changes 1 and 2 

of Transportation 

Federal Aviation 

Administration

SPORT PILOT

Practical Test Standards 

for

• Airplane 

• Gyroplane 

• Glider 

• Flight Instructor

December 2004 

FLIGHT STANDARDS SERVICE 

Washington, DC 20591
SPORT PILOT 

Practical Test Standards 

2004 

FLIGHT STANDARDS SERVICE 

Washington, DC 20591 
FAA-S-8081-29

NOTE 

Material in FAA-S-8081-29 will be effective December 1, 2004. 
FAA-S-8081-29

RECORD OF CHANGES 

Change 1—6/9/2006 

1. Deleted the additional category/class matrix; applicants for an 

additional category/class privileges must take a complete 

practical test. 

2. Added the requirement for a heading indicating system to page 

9, as appropriate, for all tasks that require demonstration of 

skill within a heading tolerance. 

3. Added weather elements for inadvertent entry into IMC on 

pages 1-2 and 2-2. 

4. Deleted the ATC light signal requirements from airport 

operations page 1-10 and 2-9. 

5. Deleted all references to repositionable landing gear, multiple 

pages. 

6. Added the requirement for selecting a suitable emergency 

landing area to airplane ground reference maneuvers, page 1-

24. 

7. Deleted gyroplane short field takeoff and landing (formerly 

page 2-13) TASKs. 

8. Added proficiency check materials to flight instructor 

characteristics and responsibilities page 4-15. 

9. Created category specific examiner/instructor checklists for the 

flight instructor with a sport pilot rating pages 4-xx to replace 

the flight instructor matrix. 

10. Deleted the flight instructor matrixes. See above. 

Change 2—2/19/08 

1. Page 1-10: Exception to Note added: “Single-seat applicants 

must be radio equipped.” 

2. Global in Section 2—Gyroplane references: changed “AFM” to 

“Gyroplane Flight Manual.” 

3. Page 2-1: Preflight Preparation, Task A (Certificates and 

Documents), Objective 2 (determining applicant exhibits 

knowledge of certificate and document elements locating and 

explaining), added “Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH.” 

4. Global in Section 3—Gyroplane references: changed “AFM” to 

“Glider Flight Manual.” 

5. Global in Section 3 references: where “Glider Flight Manual” 

appeared without mention of POH, added “/POH.” 

6. Page 3-1: Preflight Preparation, Task A (Certificates and 

Documents), Objective 2 (determining applicant exhibits 

knowledge of certificate and document elements locating and 

explaining), added “Glider Flight Manual/POH.” 

7. Page 3-7: Under III (Airport and Gliderport Operations), A 

(Radio Communications), Objective, (determining applicant 

exhibits knowledge of elements related to radio 

communications “and ATC light signals,” deleted “and ATC 

light signals. 
FAA-S-8081-29

8. Page 3-7: Under III B (Traffic Patterns), Objective 1 

(determining applicant knowledge of elements related to traffic 

patterns), changed “Airports with and without operating control 

towers” to “nontowered airports.” 

9. Page 3-19: Area of Operation title changed from “Performance 

Speeds” to “Performance Maneuvers.” 

10. Page 3-27: X (Postflight Procedures), A (After-Landing and 

Securing), Objective 1 (determining applicant exhibits 

knowledge of elements related to after-landing and securing 

procedures, including local “and ATC” operations, deleted “and 

ATC.” 

11. Page 4-17: Instructor, II (Technical Subject Areas), Task C 

(Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications) References: 

change “Glider Flight Manual” to “Aircraft Flight Manual,” and 

change Objective 2c “approved glider flight manuals” to 

“approved aircraft flight manuals.” 
FOREWORD

The Sport Pilot Practical Test Standards for Airplane, Gyroplane, Glider, 

and Flight Instructor has been published by the Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA) to establish the standards for the knowledge and 

skills necessary for the issuance of a Sport Pilot Certificate and a Flight 

Instructor Certificate with a Sport Pilot rating. 

FAA inspectors, designated pilot examiners, and flight instructors must 

conduct instruction, proficiency checks, and practical tests in compliance 

with these standards. Flight instructors and applicants should find these 

standards helpful during training and when preparing for the practical test 

or proficiency check. 

/s/ 12-20-2004 

Joseph K. Tintera, Manager 

Regulatory Support Division 

Flight Standards Service 

FAA-S-8081-29
i FAA-S-8081-29

CONTENTS 

INTRODUCTION..........................................................................1 

General Information .....................................................................1 

Practical Test Standards Concept ...............................................2 

Practical Test Book Description ...................................................2 

Practical Test Standards Description...........................................3 

Abbreviations ..............................................................................4 

Use of the Practical Test Standards Book ...................................5 

Special Emphasis Areas ..............................................................6 

Sport Pilot—Practical Test Prerequisites (Initial) .........................7 

Sport Pilot—Practical Test Prerequisites (Registered Ultra-Light 

Pilots) .......................................................................................8 

Sport Pilot—Additional Privileges ................................................8 

Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Practical Test/ 

Proficiency Check ........................................................................9 

Single-Seat Aircraft Practical Test ...............................................9 

Single-Seat Aircraft Proficiency Check ......................................10 

Flight Instructor Responsibility ...................................................12 

Examiner Responsibility.............................................................12 

Initial Check—Sport Pilot—Satisfactory Performance ...............13 

Initial Check—Sport Pilot—Unsatisfactory Performance...........13 

Proficiency Check—Sport Pilot—Satisfactory Performance 

When Adding an Additional Category/Class..............................14 

Proficiency Check—Sport Pilot—Unsatisfactory Performance 

When Adding an Additional Category/Class..............................15 

Single-Pilot Resource Management ..........................................15 

Applicant’s Use of Checklists.....................................................16 

Use of Distractions During Practical Tests or 

Proficiency Checks.....................................................................16 

Positive Exchange of Flight Controls .........................................16 

Letter of Discontinuance ............................................................17 

Aeronautical Decision Making and Risk Management ..............17 

SECTION 1—SPORT PILOT AIRPLANE 

CONTENTS ...............................................................................1-i 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ..........................................1-v 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist........................................ 1-vii 
FAA-S-8081-29 ii

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION........................................... 1-1 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES........................................... 1-7 

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS........ 1-10 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS............. 1-12 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER ...................................... 1-23 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS ........................ 1-24 

VII. NAVIGATION.................................................................. 1-26 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS ........................................ 1-27 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS........................................ 1-30 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES....................................... 1-33 

SECTION 2—SPORT PILOT GYROPLANE 

CONTENTS................................................................................2-i 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist..........................................2-iii 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist ..........................................2-v 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION........................................... 2-1 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES........................................... 2-6 

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS................................................. 2-8 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS............. 2-10 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER ...................................... 2-15 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS ........................ 2-16 

VII. NAVIGATION.................................................................. 2-18 

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS.................................... 2-19 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS........................................ 2-20 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES....................................... 2-22 

SECTION 3—SPORT PILOT GLIDER 

CONTENTS................................................................................3-i 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist...........................................3-v 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist ........................................3-vii 
iii FAA-S-8081-29

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION ...........................................3-1 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES............................................3-5 

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS.................3-7 

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS...........................................3-9 

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS.............................................3-19 

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES...............................................3-21 

VII. NAVIGATION ..................................................................3-23 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS.........................................3-24 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS ........................................3-26 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES .......................................3-27 

SECTION 4—FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR 

CONTENTS ............................................................................4-i 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ......................................... 4-iii 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist for Flight Instructor— 

Airplane ...................................................................................4-v 

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist for Flight 

Instructor—Airplane ................................................................ 4-ix 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist for Flight Instructor— 

Gyroplane ............................................................................. 4-xiii 

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist for Flight 

Instructor—Gyroplane........................................................... 4-xvii 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist for Flight Instructor— 

Glider .................................................................................... 4-xxi 

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist for Flight 

Instructor—Glider .................................................................. 4-xxv 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATE WITH SPORT PILOT 

PRIVILEGES 

Flight Instructor Practical Test Section Description ..................4-1 

Use of the Flight Instructor Section...........................................4-1 

Special Emphasis Areas ...........................................................4-3 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Initial .....................4-4 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional 

Privileges .................................................................................4-5 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional 

Privileges—Registered Ultra-Light Instructors..........................4-5 

Flight Instructor Responsibility ..................................................4-6 

Examiner Responsibility............................................................4-7 

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Check—Satisfactory 

Performance ...........................................................................4-8 
FAA-S-8081-29 iv

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Check—Unsatisfactory 

Performance .......................................................................... 4-8 

Proficiency Check—Satisfactory Performance When 

Adding an Additional Category/Class Privilege........................ 4-9 

Proficiency Check—Unsatisfactory Performance When 

Adding an Additional Category/Class Privilege...................... 4-10 

Renewal or Reinstatement of a Flight Instructor 

Certificate .............................................................................. 4-11 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING........................... 4-13 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS..................................... 4-16 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT .............................................. 4-19 
1 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

INTRODUCTION 

General Information 

The Flight Standards Service of the Federal Aviation Administration 

(FAA) has developed this practical test book as the standard that shall 

be used by FAA inspectors and designated pilot examiners (DPEs) 

when conducting sport pilot and flight instructor with a sport pilot rating 

practical tests or proficiency checks. 

The word “examiner” is used throughout the standards to denote either 

the FAA inspector or an FAA designated pilot examiner who conducts 

an official practical test or proficiency check. When an examiner 

conducts a proficiency check they are acting in the capacity of an 

authorized instructor. 

A proficiency check is an evaluation of aeronautical knowledge and 

flight proficiency IAW Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations 

(14 CFR) part 61, section 61.321 or 61.419. A proficiency check must 

be administered using the appropriate practical test standard (PTS) for 

the category of aircraft when a pilot or a flight instructor adds new 

category/class privileges. Upon successful completion of the proficiency 

check the authorized instructor will endorse the applicant’s logbook 

indicating the added category/class of equipment that the applicant is 

authorized to operate. When an examiner conducts a proficiency check 

they are acting in the capacity of an authorized instructor.

DPEs must have designation authority to conduct sport pilot initial 

evaluations (Sport Pilot Examiner (SPE)) and flight instructors with a 

sport pilot rating initial evaluations (Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Examiner 

(SFIE)) per FAA Order 8710.7, Sport Pilot Examiner’s Handbook. 

Authorized instructors must use this PTS when preparing applicants for 

practical tests or proficiency checks and when conducting proficiency 

checks. Applicants should be familiar with this book and refer to these 

standards during their training. 

Information considered directive in nature is described in this practical 

test book in terms, such as “shall” and “must” indicating the actions are 

mandatory. Guidance information is described in terms, such as 

“should” and “may” indicating the actions are desirable or permissive, 

but not mandatory. 
FAA-S-8081-29 2

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

The FAA gratefully acknowledges the valuable assistance provided by 

many individuals and organizations throughout the aviation community 

who contributed their time and talent in assisting with the development 

of this practical test standard. 

This PTS may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, 

U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC 20402-9325, 

or from http://bookstore.gpo.gov. This PTS is also available for 

download, in pdf format, from the Flight Standards Service web site at 

www.faa.gov. 

The U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 

Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630, P.O. BOX 25082, 

Oklahoma City, OK 73125 publishes this PTS. Comments regarding 

this PTS should be sent, in e-mail form, to AFS630comments@faa.gov. 

Practical Test Standards Concept 

14 CFR part 61.311 specifies the AREAS OF OPERATION in which 

knowledge and skill must be demonstrated by the applicant before the 

issuance of a Sport Pilot Certificate or privileges. The CFRs provide the 

flexibility to permit the FAA to publish practical test standards containing 

the AREAS OF OPERATION and specific TASKs in which pilot 

competency shall be demonstrated. The FAA shall revise this practical 

test standard whenever it is determined that changes are needed in the 

interest of safety. Adherence to the provisions of the regulations 

and the practical test standards is mandatory for practical tests 

and proficiency checks. 

Practical Test Book Description 

This test book contains the following Sport Pilot Practical Test Standards. 

Section 1—Airplane Single-Engine Land and Sea 

Section 2—Gyroplane 

Section 3—Glider 

Section 4—Flight Instructor (The flight instructor section contains a 

separate introduction in section 4.) 

The Sport Pilot Practical Test Standards include the AREAS OF 

OPERATION and TASKs for the issuance of an initial Sport Pilot 

Certificate and for the addition of sport pilot category/class privileges. It 

also contains information on how to obtain an initial Flight Instructor 

Certificate with a sport pilot rating and for the addition of flight instructor 

category/class privileges. 
3 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

Practical Test Standards Description 

AREAS OF OPERATION are phases of the practical test or proficiency 

check arranged in a logical sequence within each standard. They begin 

with Preflight Preparation and end with Postflight Procedures. The 

examiner may conduct the practical test or proficiency check in any 

sequence that will result in a complete and efficient test. An authorized 

instructor may conduct a proficiency check in any sequence that will 

result in a complete and efficient test. However, the ground portion of 

the practical test or proficiency check shall be accomplished before the 

flight portion. 

TASKs are specific knowledge areas, flight procedures, or maneuvers 

appropriate to an AREA OF OPERATION. The abbreviation(s) within 

parentheses immediately following a TASK refer to the appropriate class 

of aircraft. The meaning of each class abbreviation is as follows: 

ASEL Airplane Single-Engine—Land 

ASES Airplane Single-Engine—Sea 

When administering a test using section 1, 2, 3, or 4 of this PTS, the 

TASKs appropriate to the class aircraft (ASEL and ASES) used for the 

test shall be included in the plan of action. The absence of a class 

indicates the TASK is for all classes. 

NOTE is used to emphasize special considerations required in the 

AREA OF OPERATION or TASK. 

REFERENCE identifies the publication(s) that describe(s) the TASK. 

Descriptions of TASKs are not included in these standards because this 

information can be found in the current issue of the listed reference. 

Publications other than those listed may be used for reference if their 

content conveys substantially the same meaning as the referenced 

publications. 

These practical test standards are based on the following references: 

14 CFR part 43 Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, 

and Alteration 

14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground 

Instructors 

14 CFR part 67 Medical Standards Certification 

14 CFR part 71 Designation of class A, B, C, D, and E airspace 

14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules 

AC 00-6 Aviation Weather 

AC 00-45 Aviation Weather Services 

AC 60-22 Aeronautical Decision Making 

AC 60-28 English Language Skill Standards 
FAA-S-8081-29 4

AC 61-65 Certification: Pilot and Flight Instructors and Ground 

Instructors 

AC 61-67 Stall and Spin Awareness Training 

AC 61-84 Role of Preflight Preparation 

AC 61-134 General Aviation Controlled Flight Into Terrain 

Awareness 

AC 90-23 Aircraft Wake Turbulence 

AC 90-48 Pilots’ Role in Collision Avoidance 

AC 90-66 Recommended Standard Traffic Patterns and 

Practices for Aeronautical Operations At 

Airports Without Operating Control Towers 

AC 91-13 Cold Weather Operation of Aircraft 

AC 91-69 Seaplane Safety for FAR Part 91 Operations 

AC 120-51 Crew Resource Management Training 

FAA-H-8083-1 Aircraft Weight and Balance Handbook 

FAA-H-8083-3 Airplane Flying Handbook 

FAA-H-8083-9 Aviation Instructor’s Handbook 

FAA-H-8083-13 Glider Flying Handbook 

FAA-H-8083-21 Rotorcraft Flying Handbook 

FAA-H-8083-23 Seaplane, Skiplane, and Float/Ski Equipped 

Helicopter Flying Handbook 

FAA-H-8083-25 Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge 

AIM Aeronautical Information Manual 

AFD Airport Facility Directory 

NOTAMs Notices to Airmen 

Other Pilot Operating Handbook/ 

 FAA-Approved Flight Manual 

 Aeronautical Navigation Charts 

 Seaplane Supplement 

The Objective lists the important elements that must be satisfactorily 

performed to demonstrate competency in a TASK. The Objective 

includes: 

1. specifically what the applicant should be able to do; 

2. conditions under which the TASK is to be performed; 

3. acceptable performance standards; and 

4. safety considerations, when applicable. 

Abbreviations 

 14 CFR Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations 

 AC Advisory Circular 

 ADM Aeronautical Decision Making 

 AFD Airport Facility Directory 

 AFM Airplane Flight Manual 

 AFSS Automated Flight Service Station 

 AGL Above Ground Level 

 AIM Aeronautical Information Manual 
5 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

 ASEL Airplane Single Engine Land 

 ASES Airplane Single Engine Sea 

ASOS Automated Surface Observing System 

 ATC Air Traffic Control 

ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service 

AWOS Automated Weather Observing System 

 CFIT Controlled Flight into Terrain 

CRM Cockpit Resource Management 

CTAF Common Traffic Advisory Frequency 

 FA Area Weather Forecast 

 FAA Federal Aviation Administration 

 GPO Government Printing Office 

 IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions 

 METAR Meteorological Aviation Report (Routine) 

 NOTAM Notices to Airmen 

 NTSB National Transportation Safety Board 

 PPC Powered Parachute 

 POH Pilot Operating Handbook 

 PTS Practical Test Standard 

 RPM Revolutions per Minute 

 SS Single-seat 

 SUA Special Use Airspace 

 TAF Terminal Aviation Forecast 

 TFR Temporary Flight Restrictions 

 VFR Visual Flight Rules 

 WSC Weight-shift Controlled 

Use of the Practical Test Standards Book 

The FAA requires that all sport pilot and sport pilot flight instructor 

practical tests and proficiency checks be conducted in accordance with 

the appropriate sport pilot practical test standards and the policies set 

forth in this INTRODUCTION. Applicants must be evaluated in ALL 

TASKs included in each AREA OF OPERATION of the appropriate 

practical test standard, unless otherwise noted. 

An applicant, who holds at least a Sport Pilot Certificate seeking 

additional aircraft category/class privileges at the sport pilot level, must 

be evaluated in all the AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKs listed in 

the PTS. 

In preparation for each practical test or proficiency check, the examiner 

or authorized instructor shall develop a written “plan of action.” The 

“plan of action” shall include all TASKs in each AREA OF OPERATION, 

unless noted otherwise. If the elements in one TASK have already been 

evaluated in another TASK, they need not be repeated. 
FAA-S-8081-29 6

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

For example, the “plan of action” need not include evaluating the 

applicant on complying with markings at the end of the flight, if that 

element was sufficiently observed at the beginning of the flight. Any 

TASK selected for evaluation during a practical test or proficiency 

check shall be evaluated in its entirety. Exception: examiners 

evaluating single-seat applicants from the ground shall evaluate only 

those TASK elements that can be accurately assessed from the 

ground. 

The examiner or authorized instructor is not required to follow the 

precise order in which the AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKs appear 

in this book. The examiner or authorized instructor may change the 

sequence or combine TASKs with similar Objectives to have an orderly 

and efficient flow of the practical test or proficiency check events. 

The examiner’s or authorized instructor’s “plan of action” shall include 

the order and combination of TASKs to be demonstrated by the 

applicant in a manner that will result in an efficient and valid test. 

The examiner or authorized instructor is expected to use good judgment 

in the performance of simulated emergency procedures. The use of the 

safest means for simulation is expected. Consideration must be given to 

local conditions, both meteorological and topographical, at the time of 

the test, as well as the applicant’s workload, and the condition of the 

aircraft used during the practical test or proficiency check. If the 

procedure being evaluated would jeopardize safety, it is expected 

that the applicant will simulate that portion of the maneuver.

Special Emphasis Areas 

Examiners and authorized instructors shall place special emphasis 

upon areas of aircraft operations considered critical to flight safety. 

Among these are: 

1. positive aircraft control; 

2. procedures for positive exchange of flight controls; 

3. stall and spin awareness (if appropriate); 

4. collision avoidance; 

5. wake turbulence and low level wind shear avoidance; 

6. runway incursion avoidance; 

7. controlled flight into terrain (CFIT); 

8. aeronautical decision making/risk management; 

9. checklist usage; 
7 FAA-S-8081-29

10. spatial disorientation; 

11. temporary flight restrictions (TFR); 

12. special use airspace (SUA); 

13. aviation security; and 

14. other areas deemed appropriate to any phase of the practical 

test or proficiency check. 

Although these areas may not be specifically addressed under each 

TASK, they are essential to flight safety and will be evaluated during the 

practical test or proficiency check. In all instances, the applicant’s 

actions will be evaluated in accordance to the standards of the TASKs 

and the ability to use good judgment with reference to the special 

emphasis areas listed above.

Sport Pilot—Practical Test Prerequisites (Initial) 

An applicant for a Sport Pilot Certificate is required by 14 CFR part 61 

to: 

1. be at least 17 years of age (or 16 if applying to operate a glider 

or balloon); 

2. be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English 

language. If there is a doubt, use AC 60-28, English Language 

Skill Standards; 

3. have passed the appropriate sport pilot knowledge test since 

the beginning of the 24th month before the month in which he or 

she takes a practical test; 

4. have satisfactorily accomplished the required training and 

obtained the aeronautical experience prescribed; 

5. possess a current and valid U.S. driver’s license or a valid 

Airman Medical Certificate issued under 14 CFR part 67; 

6. have an endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying 

that the applicant has received and logged training time within 

60 days preceding the date of application in preparation for the 

practical test, and is prepared for the practical test; and 

7. have an endorsement certifying that the applicant has 

demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in 

which the applicant was deficient on the airman knowledge test. 
FAA-S-8081-29 8

Sport Pilot—Practical Test Prerequisites (Registered UltraLight Pilots) 

If you are a registered ultra-light pilot with an FAA-recognized ultra-light 

organization on or before September 1, 2004, and you want to apply for 

a Sport Pilot Certificate, then you must, not later than January 31, 2007 

(14 CFR part 61, section 61.329): 

1. meet the eligibility requirements in 14 CFR part 61, sections 

61.305 and 61.23, but not the aeronautical knowledge 

requirements specified in section 61.309, the flight proficiency 

requirements specified in section 61.311, and the aeronautical 

experience requirements specified in section 61.313; 

2. pass the knowledge test for a Sport Pilot Certificate specified in 

14 CFR part 61, section 61.307; 

3. pass the practical test for a Sport Pilot Certificate specified in 

14 CFR part 61, section 61.307; 

4. provide the FAA with a certified copy of your ultra-light pilot 

records from an FAA-recognized ultra-light organization, and 

those records must— 

a. document that you are a registered ultra-light pilot with that 

FAA-recognized ultra-light organization; and 

b. indicate that you are recognized to operate each category 

and class of aircraft for which you seek sport pilot 

privileges. 

Sport Pilot—Additional Privileges 

If you hold a Sport Pilot Certificate or higher and seek to operate an 

additional category or class of light-sport aircraft (14 CFR part 61, 

section 61.321), you must: 

1. receive a logbook endorsement from the authorized instructor 

who trained you on the applicable aeronautical knowledge 

areas specified in 14 CFR part 61, section 61.309 and areas of 

operation specified in section 61.311. The endorsement certifies 

you have met the aeronautical knowledge and flight proficiency 

requirements for the additional light-sport aircraft privileges you 

seek; 

2. successfully complete a proficiency check from an authorized 

instructor other than the one who trained you on the 

aeronautical knowledge areas and areas of operation specified 

in 14 CFR part 61, sections 61.309 and 61.311 for the additional 

light-sport aircraft privilege you seek; 
9 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

3. complete an application for those privileges on a form in a 

manner acceptable to the FAA and present this application to 

the authorized instructor who conducted the proficiency check 

specified in above paragraph; 

4. receive a logbook endorsement from the instructor who 

conducted the proficiency check specified in 2 above, certifying 

you are proficient in the applicable areas of operation and 

aeronautical knowledge areas and that you are authorized for 

the additional category and class light-sport aircraft privilege. 

Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Practical Test/

Proficiency Check 

The applicant for a Sport Pilot Certificate is required in accordance with 

14 CFR part 61, section 61.45, to provide an aircraft that has a current 

airworthiness certificate and is in a condition for safe flight, for use 

during the practical test or proficiency check. This section further 

requires that the aircraft must: 

1. be of U.S., foreign or military registry of the same category, 

class, and type, if applicable, for the certificate or privileges for 

which the applicant is applying; 

2. have fully functioning dual controls, except as provided for in 

14 CFR part 61, section 61.45(c), (e), and (f); and 

3. be capable of performing all AREAS OF OPERATION 

appropriate to the privileges sought and have no operating 

limitations, which prohibit its use in any of the AREAS OF 

OPERATION, required for the practical test or proficiency 

check. 

4. have an altitude, airspeed, and a heading indicating system, as 

appropriate, for all tasks that require demonstration of skill 

within an altitude/airspeed/heading tolerance. 

The aircraft utilized for sport pilot and sport pilot flight instructor 

practical tests and proficiency checks must be a light-sport 

aircraft as defined in 14 CFR part 1. 

Single-Seat Aircraft Practical Test 

Applicants for a Sport Pilot Certificate may elect to take their test in a 

single-seat aircraft. The FAA established in 14 CFR part 61, section 

61.45(f) specific requirements to allow a practical test for a Sport Pilot 

Certificate only. This provision does not allow a practical test for a Flight 

Instructor Certificate or Recreation Pilot Certificate or higher to be 

conducted in a light-sport aircraft that has a single-pilot seat. 
FAA-S-8081-29 10

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

With certain limitations, the practical test for a Sport Pilot Certificate 

may be conducted from the ground by an examiner. The examiner must 

agree to conduct the practical test in a single-seat aircraft and must 

ensure that the practical test is conducted in accordance with the sport 

pilot practical test standards for single-seat aircraft. Knowledge of all 

TASKs applicable to their category/class of aircraft will be evaluated 

orally. Single-seat sport pilots shall demonstrate competency in those 

specific TASKs identified by a NOTE in the AREA OF OPERATION for 

a single-seat practical test and any other TASKs selected by the 

examiner. Examiners evaluating single-seat applicants from the ground 

shall evaluate only those TASK elements that can be accurately 

assessed from the ground. 

The examiner must maintain radio contact with the applicant and be 

in a position to observe the operation of the aircraft while evaluating the 

proficiency of the applicant from the ground. 

Sport pilots taking the practical test in a single-seat aircraft will have the 

limitation, “No passenger carriage and flight in a single-pilot seat aircraft 

only” placed on their pilot certificate, per 61.45(f)(3), limiting their 

operations to a single-seat light-sport aircraft and no passenger carriage 

will be authorized. 

Only an examiner is authorized to remove this limitation when the sport 

pilot takes a complete practical test in a two-place light-sport aircraft. 

This practical test may be conducted in the same or additional category 

of aircraft. 

Upon successful completion of the practical test, the limitation will be 

removed, and the sport pilot is authorized to act as pilot in command in 

all categories of light-sport aircraft that he or she has a make and model 

endorsement within a set of aircraft to operate. The limitation can also 

be removed if the sport pilot completes the certification requirements in 

an aircraft with a minimum of two places, for a higher certificate or 

rating. 

Single-Seat Aircraft Proficiency Check 

Sport pilot proficiency checks may be preformed in a single-seat 

aircraft. The FAA believes it is appropriate for an instructor to perform a 

proficiency check for an additional category/class privilege to a Sport 

Pilot Certificate or higher, in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, section 

61.321, using a single-seat light-sport aircraft, providing the authorized 

instructor is an examiner. When an examiner conducts a proficiency 

check they are acting in the capacity of an authorized instructor. 
11 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

The authorized instructor must agree to conduct the practical test in a 

single seat light-sport aircraft and must ensure that the proficiency 

check is conducted in accordance with the sport pilot practical test 

standards for single-seat aircraft. Knowledge of all TASKs applicable to 

the category or class of aircraft will be evaluated orally. Those pilots 

seeking sport pilot privileges in a single-seat light-sport aircraft shall 

demonstrate competency in those specific TASKs identified by a NOTE 

in the AREA OF OPERATION for a single-seat proficiency check and 

any other TASKs selected by the authorized instructor. Authorized 

instructors evaluating single-seat applicants from the ground shall 

evaluate only those TASK elements that can be accurately assessed 

from the ground. 

The authorized instructor must have radio contact and be in a 

position to observe the operation of the light-sport aircraft and 

evaluate the proficiency of the applicant from the ground. 

On successful completion of a proficiency check, the authorized 

instructor will issue an endorsement with the following limitation “No 

passenger carriage and flight in a single-pilot seat aircraft only (add 

category/class/make and model)” limiting his or her operations to a 

single-seat aircraft in this category, class, make, and model. The 

authorized instructor must sign this endorsement with his or her flight 

instructor and examiner number. 

This limitation can be removed by successfully completing a proficiency 

check, accomplishing the additional TASKs identified in the practical 

test standards in a two-place light-sport aircraft in that specific category 

and class, in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.321. This 

proficiency check must be conducted in the same category and class of 

light-sport aircraft. Upon successful completion of the proficiency check, 

the applicant will be given an endorsement for the aircraft privilege 

sought. 

Those recreational pilots or higher exercising sport pilot privileges will 

be required to have an endorsement for only the category and/or class 

of light-sport aircraft they are now authorized to act as pilot in 

command. A sport pilot will be required to have an endorsement for the 

category, class, make, and model within a set of aircraft in which he or 

she is now authorized to act as pilot in command. 
FAA-S-8081-29 12

Flight Instructor Responsibility 

An appropriately rated flight instructor is responsible for training the 

sport pilot applicant to acceptable standards in ALL subject matter 

areas, procedures, and maneuvers included in the TASKs within each 

AREA OF OPERATION in the appropriate sport pilot practical test 

standard. 

Because of the impact of their teaching activities in developing safe, 

proficient pilots, flight instructors should exhibit a high level of 

knowledge, skill, and the ability to impart that knowledge and skill to 

students. 

Throughout the applicant’s training, the flight instructor is responsible 

for emphasizing the performance of effective visual scanning and 

collision avoidance procedures. 

Examiner Responsibility 

The examiner conducting the practical test or authorized instructor 

conducting the proficiency check is responsible for determining that the 

applicant meets the acceptable standards of knowledge and skill of 

each TASK within each appropriate AREA OF OPERATION. Since 

there is no formal division between the “oral” and “skill” portions of the 

practical test or proficiency check, this oral portion becomes an ongoing 

process throughout the test. Oral questioning, to determine the 

applicant’s knowledge of TASKs and related safety factors, should be 

used judiciously at all times, especially during the flight portion of the 

practical test or proficiency check. Examiners and authorized instructors 

shall test to the greatest extent practicable the applicant’s correlative 

abilities rather than mere rote enumeration of facts throughout the 

practical test or proficiency check. 

If the examiner or authorized instructor determines that a TASK is 

incomplete, or the outcome uncertain, the examiner may require the 

applicant to repeat that TASK, or portions of that TASK. This provision 

has been made in the interest of fairness and does not mean that 

instruction, practice, or the repeating of an unsatisfactory TASK is 

permitted during the certification process. When practical, the remaining 

TASKs of the practical test or proficiency check phase should be 

completed before repeating the questionable TASK. 

The examiner or authorized instructor shall use scenarios when applicable 

to determine that the applicant can use good risk management 

procedures in making aeronautical decisions. Examples of TASKs where 

scenarios would be advantageous are weather analysis, performance 

planning, and runway/landing area selection. 
13 FAA-S-8081-29

Throughout the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check, 

the examiner or authorized instructor shall evaluate the applicant’s 

knowledge and practical incorporation of special emphasis areas. 

Initial Check—Sport Pilot—Satisfactory Performance 

Satisfactory performance of TASKs to meet the requirements for sport 

pilot certification are based on the applicant’s ability to safely: 

1. perform the TASKs specified in the AREAS OF OPERATION for 

the certificate or privileges sought within the approved standards; 

2. demonstrate mastery of the aircraft with the successful outcome 

of each TASK performed never seriously in doubt; 

3. demonstrate satisfactory proficiency and competency within the 

approved standards; 

4. demonstrate sound judgment in aeronautical decision making/

risk management; and 

5. demonstrate single-pilot competence in an aircraft with a single 

pilot station (if applicable). 

Initial Check—Sport Pilot-Unsatisfactory Performance 

The tolerances represent the performance expected in good flying 

conditions. If, in the judgment of the examiner, the applicant does not 

meet the standards of performance of any TASK performed, the 

associated AREA OF OPERATION is failed and therefore, the practical 

test is failed. 

The examiner or applicant may discontinue the test at any time when 

the failure of an AREA OF OPERATION makes the applicant ineligible 

for the certificate. The test may be continued ONLY with the consent 

of the applicant.

If the test is discontinued, the applicant is entitled credit for only those 

AREAS OF OPERATION and their associated TASKs satisfactorily 

performed. However, during the retest, and at the discretion of the 

examiner, any TASK may be re-evaluated, including those previously 

passed. 

The following are typical areas of unsatisfactory performance and 

grounds for disqualification. 

1. Any action or lack of action by the applicant that requires 

corrective intervention by the examiner to maintain safe flight. 

2. Failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to 

clear the area before and while performing maneuvers. 
FAA-S-8081-29 14

3. Consistently exceeding tolerances stated in the Objectives. 

4. Failure to take prompt corrective action when tolerances are 

exceeded. 

When a Notice of Disapproval is issued, the examiner shall record the 

applicant’s unsatisfactory performance in terms of the AREA OF 

OPERATION and specific TASK(s) not meeting the standard appropriate 

to the practical test conducted. The AREA(s) OF OPERATION/TASK(s) 

not tested and the number of practical test failures shall also be 

recorded. If the applicant fails the practical test because of a special 

emphasis area, the Notice of Disapproval shall indicate the associated 

TASK. For example, SECTION 1, VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: SLOW 

FLIGHT AND STALLS (ASEL and ASES), TASK A: MANEUVERING 

DURING SLOW FLIGHT, failure to use proper collision avoidance 

procedures. 

Proficiency Check—Sport Pilot—Satisfactory Performance When 

Adding an Additional Category/Class 

Satisfactory performance of TASKs to add category/class privileges is 

based on the applicant’s ability to safely: 

1. perform the TASKs specified in the AREAS OF OPERATION for 

the certificate or privileges sought within the approved standards; 

2. demonstrate mastery of the aircraft with the successful outcome 

of each TASK performed never seriously in doubt; 

3. demonstrate satisfactory proficiency and competency within the 

approved standards; 

4. demonstrate sound judgment in aeronautical decision making/

risk management; and 

5. demonstrate single-pilot competence. 

When an applicant is adding a category/class privileges to his or her 

Sport Pilot Certificate, the authorized instructor, upon satisfactory 

completion of the proficiency check, shall endorse the applicant’s logbook 

indicating that the applicant is qualified to operate the additional sport 

pilot category/class of aircraft. The authorized instructor shall forward 

FAA Form 8710-11 to Airman Registry within 10 days. 
15 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

Proficiency Check—Sport Pilot—Unsatisfactory Performance 

When Adding an Additional Category/Class 

When the applicant’s performance does not meet the standards in the 

PTS, the examiner or authorized instructor conducting the proficiency 

check shall annotate the unsatisfactory performance on the FAA Form 

8710-11 and forward it to Airman Registry within 10 days. A Notice of 

Disapproval will NOT be issued in this instance; rather, the applicant 

should be provided with a list of the AREAS OF OPERATION and the 

specific TASKs not meeting the standard, so that the applicant may 

receive additional training. 

When the applicant receives the additional training in the AREAS OF 

OPERATION and the specific TASK(s) found deficient during the 

proficiency check, the recommending instructor shall endorse the 

applicant’s logbook indicating that the applicant has received additional 

instruction and has been found competent to pass the proficiency 

check. The applicant shall complete a new FAA Form 8710-11, and the 

recommending instructor shall endorse the application. The authorized 

instructor, other than the one who provided the additional training, shall 

evaluate the applicant on all TASKS required by the PTS. When the 

applicant successfully accomplishes a complete proficiency check, the 

authorized instructor, shall forward the FAA Form 8710-11 to Airman 

Registry within 10 days and endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating 

the airman’s additional category/class privileges. 

Single-Pilot Resource Management 

Single-Pilot Resource Management refers to the effective use of ALL 

available resources: human resources, hardware, and information. It is 

similar to Crew Resource Management (CRM) procedures that are 

being emphasized in multi-crewmember operations except that only one 

crewmember (the pilot) is involved. Human resources “... includes all 

other groups routinely working with the pilot who are involved in 

decisions that are required to operate a flight safely. These groups 

include, but are not limited to: dispatchers, weather briefer, maintenance 

personnel, and air traffic controllers.” Single-pilot Resource Management 

is not a single TASK; it is a set of skill competencies that must be 

evident in all TASKs in this practical test standard as applied to singlepilot operation. 
FAA-S-8081-29 16

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

Applicant’s Use of Checklists 

Throughout the practical test or proficiency check, the applicant is 

evaluated on the use of an appropriate checklist (if specified by the 

manufacturer.) Proper use is dependent on the specific TASK being 

evaluated. The situation may be such that the use of the checklist, while 

accomplishing elements of an Objective, would be either unsafe or 

impractical. In this case, a review of the checklist after the elements 

have been accomplished would be appropriate. Division of attention 

and proper visual scanning should be considered when using a 

checklist. 

Use of Distractions During Practical Tests or Proficiency Checks 

Numerous studies indicate that many accidents have occurred when 

the pilot has been distracted during critical phases of flight. To evaluate 

the applicant’s ability to utilize proper control technique while dividing 

attention both inside and/or outside the cockpit, the examiner or 

authorized instructor shall cause realistic distractions during the flight 

portion of the practical test or proficiency check to evaluate the 

applicant’s ability to divide attention while maintaining safe flight. 

Positive Exchange of Flight Controls 

During flight there must always be a clear understanding between the 

pilots, of who has control of the aircraft. Prior to flight, a briefing should 

be conducted that includes the procedure for the exchange of flight 

controls. A positive three-step process in the exchange of flight controls 

between pilots is a proven procedure and one that is strongly 

recommended. 

When one pilot wishes to give the other pilot control of the aircraft, he or 

she will say, “You have the flight controls.” The other pilot 

acknowledges immediately by saying, “I have the flight controls.” The 

first pilot says again, “You have the flight controls.” When control is 

returned to the first pilot, follow the same procedure. A visual check is 

recommended to verify that the exchange has occurred. There should 

never be any doubt as to who is flying the aircraft. 
17 FAA-S-8081-29

Letter of Discontinuance

When a practical test is discontinued for reasons other than 

unsatisfactory performance (i.e., equipment failure, weather, or illness) 

FAA Form 8710-11, and, if applicable, the Airman Knowledge Test 

Report, shall be returned to the applicant. The examiner at that time 

shall prepare, sign, and issue a Letter of Discontinuance to the 

applicant. The Letter of Discontinuance should identify the AREAS OF 

OPERATION and their associated TASKs of the practical test that were 

successfully completed. The applicant shall be advised that the Letter of 

Discontinuance shall be presented to the examiner when the practical 

test is resumed, and made part of the certification file. 

Aeronautical Decision Making and Risk Management 

The examiner or authorized instructor shall evaluate the applicant’s 

ability throughout the practical test or proficiency check to use good 

aeronautical decision making procedures in order to evaluate risks. The 

examiner or authorized instructor shall accomplish this requirement by 

developing scenarios that incorporate as many TASKs as possible to 

evaluate the applicants risk management in making safe aeronautical 

decisions. For example, the examiner or authorized instructor may develop 

a scenario that incorporates weather decisions and performance 

planning.
SECTION 1 

SPORT PILOT 

AIRPLANE 

(ASEL and ASES) 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-i

SECTION 1—CONTENTS 

SPORT PILOT AIRPLANE 

CHECKLISTS: 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ..........................................1-v 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist........................................ 1-vii 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION...........................................1-1 

 A. Certificates and Documents (ASEL and ASES)........1-1 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements (ASEL and ASES) .......1-1 

 C. Weather Information (ASEL and ASES)....................1-2 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning (ASEL and ASES) ....1-2 

 E. National Airspace System (ASEL and ASES)...........1-3 

 F. Operation of Systems (ASEL and ASES)..................1-3 

 G. Aeromedical Factors (ASEL and ASES) ...................1-4 

 H. Water and Seaplane Characteristics (ASES)............1-4 

 I. Seaplane Bases, Maritime Rules, and Aids 

to Marine Navigation (ASES)....................................1-5 

 J. Performance and Limitations (ASEL and ASES) ......1-5 

 K. Principles of Flight (ASEL and ASES).......................1-6 

 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES ...........................................1-7 

A. Preflight Inspection (ASEL and ASES)......................1-7 

B. Cockpit Management (ASEL and ASES) ..................1-7 

C. Engine Starting (ASEL and ASES)............................1-8 

D. Taxiing (ASEL) ..........................................................1-8 

E. Taxiing and Sailing (ASES).......................................1-9 

F. Before Takeoff Check (ASEL and ASES) .................1-9 

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS.......1-10 

 A. Radio Communications (ASEL and ASES).............1-10 

 B. Traffic Patterns (ASEL and ASES)..........................1-10 

 C. Airport/Seaplane Base, Runway, and Taxiway 

Signs, Markings and Lighting (ASEL and ASES) ...1-11 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-ii

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS ........... 1-12 

A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb 

 (ASEL and ASES) ..................................................... 1-12 

B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing 

 (ASEL and ASES) ..................................................... 1-13 

C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb (ASEL) ........................ 1-14 

D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing (ASEL) ................. 1-14 

E. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Takeoff and 

 Maximum Performance Climb (ASEL and ASES)..... 1-15 

F. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Approach and 

 Landing (ASEL and ASES) ....................................... 1-16 

G. Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) ................. 1-17 

H. Glassy Water Approach and Landing (ASES) .......... 1-18 

I. Rough Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES).................. 1-19 

J. Rough Water Approach and Landing (ASES)........... 1-20 

K. Forward Slip to a Landing (ASEL and ASES)........... 1-21 

L. Go-Around/Rejected Landing (ASEL and ASES) ..... 1-22 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER...................................... 1-23 

 A. Steep Turns (ASEL and ASES)................................. 1-23 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS ........................ 1-24 

A. Rectangular Course (ASEL and ASES) .................... 1-24 

B. S-Turns (ASEL and ASES) ....................................... 1-24 

C. Turns Around a Point (ASEL and ASES) .................. 1-25 

VII. NAVIGATION ................................................................. 1-26 

A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning (ASEL and ASES) .... 1-26 

B. Diversion (ASEL and ASES) ..................................... 1-26 

C. Lost Procedures (ASEL and ASES).......................... 1-26 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS....................................... 1-27 

A. Maneuvering During Slow Flight (ASEL and ASES). 1-27 

B. Power-Off Stalls (ASEL and ASES) .......................... 1-28 

C. Power-On Stalls (ASEL and ASES) .......................... 1-29 

D. Spin Awareness (ASEL and ASES) .......................... 1-29 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-iii

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS ........................................1-30 

A. Emergency Approach and Landing (Simulated) 

 (ASEL and ASES)......................................................1-30 

B. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions 

 (ASEL and ASES)......................................................1-31 

C. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

 (ASEL and ASES)......................................................1-32 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES.......................................1-33 

A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing 

 (ASEL and ASES)......................................................1-33 

B. Anchoring (ASES)......................................................1-33 

C. Docking and Mooring (ASES) ....................................1-34 

D. Ramping/Beaching (ASES)........................................1-34 
Section 1 1-v FAA-S-8081-29 

APPLICANT’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPOINTMENT WITH EXAMINER: 

EXAMINER’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION ____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME ____________________________________ 

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

 Aircraft Documents: Airworthiness Certificate, Registration 

Certificate, and Operating Limitations 

 Aircraft Maintenance Records: Logbook Record of 

 Inspections/Airworthiness Directives/Safety Directives 

 Pilot’s Operating Handbook or FAA-Approved Flight Manual or 

Manufacturer’s Operating Instructions 

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

 Current Aeronautical Charts 

 Flight Logs 

 Current AFD and Appropriate Publications 

PERSONAL RECORDS

 Identification—Photo/Signature ID 

 Pilot Certificate 

 Medical Certificate or Driver’s License 

 Completed FAA Form 8710-11, Application for an Airman 

 Certificate and/or Rating—Sport Pilot 

 Airman Knowledge Test Report 

 Logbook with Instructor's Endorsement 

 FAA Form 8060-5, Notice of Disapproval (if applicable) 

 Examiner's Fee (if applicable) 

 Letter of Discontinuance (if applicable) 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-vii

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

 A. Certificates and Documents (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Weather Information (ASEL and ASES) 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning (ASEL and ASES) 

 E. National Airspace System (ASEL and ASES) 

 F. Operation of Systems (ASEL and ASES) 

 G. Aeromedical Factors (ASEL and ASES) 

 H. Water and Seaplane Characteristics (ASES) 

 I. Seaplane Bases, Maritime Rules, and Aids to Marine 

 Navigation (ASES) 

 J. Performance and Limitations (ASEL and ASES) 

 K. Principles of Flight (ASEL and ASES) 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

 A. Preflight Inspection (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Cockpit Management (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Engine Starting (ASEL and ASES)

 D. Taxiing (ASEL) 

 E. Taxiing and Sailing (ASES) 

 F. Before Takeoff Check (ASEL and ASES) 

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS

 A. Radio Communications (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Traffic Patterns (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Airport/Seaplane Base, Runway, and Taxiway Signs, 

Markings and Lighting (ASEL and ASES) 

 

 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-viii

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS 

 A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb (ASEL) 

 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing (ASEL) 

 E. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Takeoff and Maximum 

 Performance Climb (ASEL and ASES) 

 F. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Approach and 

 Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

 G. Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) 

 H. Glassy Water Approach and Landing (ASES) 

 I. Rough Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) 

 J. Rough Water Approach and Landing (ASES) 

 K. Forward Slip to a Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

 L. Go-Around/Rejected Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER

 A. Steep Turns (ASEL and ASES) 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

 A. Rectangular Course (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. S-Turns (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Turns Around a Point (ASEL and ASES) 

VII. NAVIGATION

 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Diversion (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Lost Procedures (ASEL and ASES) 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS

 A. Maneuvering During Slow Flight (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Power-Off Stalls (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Power-On Stalls (ASEL and ASES) 

 D. Spin Awareness (ASEL and ASES) 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-ix

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

 A. Emergency Approach and Landing (Simulated) (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 B. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

 A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Anchoring (ASES) 

 C. Docking and Mooring (ASES) 

 D. Ramping/Beaching (ASES) 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-1

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-

25; AFM/POH/FAA Operating Limitations. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to certificates and documents by: 

1. Explaining— 

a. certificate privileges, limitations, and currency experience 

 requirements. 

b. medical eligibility. 

c. pilot logbook or flight records. 

2. Locating and explaining— 

a. airworthiness and registration certificates. 

b. operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, and 

flight training supplement. 

c. weight and balance data and/or equipment list, as applicable. 

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Operating 

Limitations. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to airworthiness requirements by: 

1. Explaining— 

a. required instruments and equipment for sport pilot privileges. 

b. procedures and limitations for determining if an aircraft, with 

 inoperative instruments and/or equipment, is airworthy or in a

 condition for safe operation. 

2. Explaining— 

a. airworthiness directives/safety directives (as applicable to the 

aircraft brought for flight test.) 

b. maintenance/inspection requirements and appropriate record 

keeping. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-2

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-84, AC 

61-134; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to real time 

weather information appropriate to the specific category/

class aircraft by consulting the weather reports, charts, 

and forecasts from aeronautical weather reporting 

sources. 

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on 

available weather information. 

3. Describes the importance of avoiding adverse weather 

and inadvertent entry into instrument meteorological 

conditions (IMC). 

4. Explains courses of action to safely exit from an 

inadvertent IMC encounter. 

D. TASK: CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT PLANNING (ASEL and 

ASES) 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AC 61-84; Navigation 

Charts; A/FD; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cross-country flight 

planning appropriate to the category/class aircraft. 

2. Uses appropriate and current aeronautical charts. 

3. Properly identifies airspace, obstructions, and terrain features. 

4. Selects easily identifiable en route checkpoints, as appropriate. 

5. Selects most favorable altitudes considering weather conditions 

and equipment capabilities. 

6. Computes headings, flight time, and fuel requirements. 

7. Selects appropriate navigation system/facilities and communication 

frequencies, if so equipped. 

8. Applies pertinent information from NOTAMs, A/FD, and other 

flight publications. 

9. Completes a navigation log, and simulates filing a VFR flight 

plan. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-3

E. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 91; Navigation Charts; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining: 

1. Sport pilot privileges applicable to the following classes of 

airspace: 

a. Class B 

b. Class C 

c. Class D 

d. Class E 

e. Class G 

2. Special use and other airspace areas. 

3. Temporary flight restrictions (TFRs). 

F. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS (ASEL and ASES)

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to the operation of systems on the light-sport aircraft 

provided for the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following 

systems, if applicable: 

1. Primary flight controls and trim 

2. Flaps and lift-enhancing devices 

3. Water rudders 

4. Powerplant and propeller 

5. Landing gear, brakes, and steering 

6. Fuel, oil, and hydraulic 

7. Electrical 

8. Avionics 

9. Pitot-static, vacuum/pressure, and associated flight instruments 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-4

G. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining: 

1. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications. 

2. The symptoms, causes, effects, and corrective actions of at least 

three (3) of the following— 

a. hypoxia 

b. hyperventilation 

c. middle ear and sinus problems 

d. spatial disorientation 

e. motion sickness 

f. carbon monoxide poisoning 

g. stress and fatigue 

h. dehydration 

i. hypothermia 

H. TASK: WATER AND SEAPLANE CHARACTERISTICS (ASES) 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-23. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to water and seaplane characteristics by explaining: 

1. The characteristics of a water surface as affected by features, 

such as— 

a. size and location. 

b. protected and unprotected areas. 

c. surface wind. 

d. direction and strength of water current. 

e. floating and partially submerged debris. 

f. sandbars, islands, and shoals. 

g. vessel traffic and wakes. 

h. other features peculiar to the area. 

2. Float and hull construction, and their effect on seaplane 

performance, as applicable. 

3. Causes of porpoising and skipping, and the pilot action required 

to prevent or correct these occurrences. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-5

I. TASK: SEAPLANE BASES, MARITIME RULES, AND AIDS TO 

MARINE NAVIGATION (ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to seaplane bases, maritime rules, and aids to marine 

navigation by explaining: 

1. How to locate and identify seaplane bases on charts or in 

directories. 

2. Operating restrictions at seaplane bases, if applicable. 

3. Right-of-way, steering, and sailing rules pertinent to seaplane 

operation. 

4. Marine navigation aids, such as buoys, beacons, lights, and 

sound signals. 

J. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-1, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; 

AC 61-84; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and 

limitations by explaining the use of charts, tables, and data if 

appropriate, to determine performance and the adverse effects 

of exceeding limitations. 

2. Exhibits knowledge of the principles of weight and balance by 

explaining weight and balance terms and the effect of weight 

and balance on airplane performance. 

3. Determines if weight and center of gravity will remain within 

limits during all phases of flight. 

4. Describes the effects of atmospheric conditions on the 

airplane’s performance. 

5. Determines whether the computed performance is within the 

airplane’s capabilities and operating limitations. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-6

K. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine the applicant exhibits knowledge of basic 

aerodynamics and principles of flight including: 

1. Forces acting on an airplane in various flight maneuvers. 

2. Airplane stability and controllability. 

3. Torque effect. 

4. Wingtip vortices and precautions to be taken. 

5. Loads and load factors. 

6. Angle of attack, stalls and stall recovery, including flight 

situations in which unintentional stalls may occur. 

7. Effects and use of primary and secondary flight controls 

including the purpose of each control and proper technique for 

use. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-7

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASKs A, C, and D. 

A. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to preflight 

inspection. This shall include which items must be inspected, the 

reasons for checking each item, and how to detect possible 

defects. 

2. Inspects the airplane with reference to an appropriate checklist. 

3. Verifies the airplane is in condition for safe flight. 

B. TASK: COCKPIT MANAGEMENT (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to efficient cockpit 

management procedures, and related safety factors. 

2. Organizes and arranges material and equipment in a manner 

that makes the items readily available. 

3. Briefs occupant on the use of safety belts, shoulder harnesses, 

and any other required safety equipment, doors, and 

emergency procedures. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-8

C. TASK: ENGINE STARTING (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; 

AC 91-13; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to recommended 

engine starting procedures. This shall include pull starting, hand 

propping safety, and starting under various atmospheric 

conditions, if applicable. 

2. Demonstrates awareness of other persons and property during 

start. 

3. Positions the airplane properly considering structures, surface 

conditions, other aircraft, and the safety of nearby persons and 

property. 

4. Accomplishes the correct starting procedure. 

5. Completes the appropriate checklist. 

D. TASK: TAXIING (ASEL) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to safe taxi 

procedures. 

2. Performs a brake check if applicable, immediately after the 

airplane begins moving. 

3. Positions the flight controls properly for the existing wind 

conditions. 

4. Safely controls airplane direction and speed. 

5. Complies with airport markings, signals, clearances, and 

instructions. 

6. Taxis so as to avoid other aircraft and hazards. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-9

E. TASK: TAXIING AND SAILING (ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; USCG Navigation 

Rules; International-Inland; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to water taxiing and 

sailing procedures. 

2. Positions the flight controls properly for the existing wind 

conditions. 

3. Plans and follows the most favorable course while taxiing or 

sailing, considering wind, water current, water conditions, and 

maritime regulations. 

4. Uses the appropriate idle, plow, or step taxi technique. 

5. Uses flight controls, flaps, doors, water rudder, and power 

correctly so as to follow the desired course while sailing. 

6. Prevents and corrects for porpoising and skipping. 

7. Avoids other aircraft, vessels, and hazards. 

8. Complies with seaplane base signs, signals, and clearances. 

F. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff 

check, including the reasons for checking each item and how to 

detect malfunctions. 

2. Positions the airplane properly considering other aircraft/

vessels, wind, and surface conditions. 

3. Divides attention inside and outside the cockpit. 

4. Accomplishes the before takeoff checklist and ensures the 

airplane is in safe operating condition. 

5. Reviews takeoff performance, such as airspeeds, takeoff 

distances, departure, and emergency procedures. 

6. Avoids runway incursions and/or ensures no conflict with traffic 

prior to taxiing into takeoff position. 

7. Completes the appropriate checklist. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-10

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE 

BASE OPERATIONS 

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS (ASEL and ASES) 

NOTE: If the aircraft is not radio equipped, this TASK shall be tested 

orally for procedures ONLY. Exception: Single-seat applicants must be 

radio equipped. 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio 

communications at airports without operating control towers. 

2. Selects appropriate frequencies. 

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology. 

4. Acknowledges radio communications. 

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-66; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic patterns and 

shall include procedures at airports with CTAF, prevention of

runway incursions, collision avoidance, wake turbulence avoidance, 

and wind shear. 

2. Complies with proper local traffic pattern procedures. 

3. Maintains proper spacing from other aircraft. 

4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain the proper ground track. 

5. Maintains orientation with the runway/landing area in use. 

6. Maintains traffic pattern altitude, ±100 feet, and the appropriate 

airspeed, ±10 knots, if applicable. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-11

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

C. TASK: AIRPORT/SEAPLANE BASE, RUNWAY, AND TAXIWAY 

SIGNS, MARKINGS AND LIGHTING (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport/seaplane 

base, runway, and taxiway operations with emphasis on 

runway incursion avoidance.

2. Properly identifies and interprets airport/seaplane base runway, 

and taxiway signs, markings and lighting. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-12

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND 

GO-AROUNDS 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select all TASKS. 

A. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB 

(ASEL and ASES) 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge 

of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a normal/

crosswind takeoff and climb and rejected takeoff procedures. 

2. Clears the area and positions the flight controls appropriately 

for the existing wind conditions. 

3. Retracts the water rudders as appropriate, and establishes 

and maintains the most efficient planing/lift-off attitude, and 

corrects for porpoising and skipping. (ASES) 

4. Lifts off at the recommended airspeed and/or attitude, and 

climbs at that airspeed/climb attitude (+10/−5 knots). 

5. Retracts flaps after a positive rate of climb is established and 

maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude. 

6. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout the takeoff and climb. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-13

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACH AND LANDING 

(ASEL and ASES) 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge 

of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a normal and 

crosswind approach and landing. 

2. Adequately surveys the intended landing area. (ASES) 

3. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions, and 

selects a suitable touchdown point. 

4. Establishes the recommended approach and landing configuration 

and approach airspeed/attitude, adjusting pitch attitude and 

power as required. 

5. Maintains a stabilized approach and recommended airspeed, or 

in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/−5 knots, and/or 

appropriate approach attitude, with wind gust factor applied. 

6. Contacts the water at the proper pitch attitude. (ASES) 

7. Touches down smoothly at approximate stalling speed/attitude. 

(ASEL) 

8. Touches down at or within 400 feet beyond a specified point, with 

no drift, and with the airplane’s longitudinal axis aligned with and 

over the runway center/landing path. 

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout 

the approach and landing sequence. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-14

C. TASK: SOFT-FIELD TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASEL) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field takeoff 

and climb. 

2. Positions the flight controls for existing wind conditions and to 

maximize lift as quickly as possible. 

3. Clears the area; taxis onto the takeoff surface at a speed 

consistent with safety without stopping while advancing the 

throttle smoothly to takeoff power. 

4. Establishes and maintains a pitch attitude that will transfer the 

weight of the airplane from the wheels to the wings as rapidly as 

possible. 

5. Lifts off at the lowest possible airspeed and remains in ground 

effect while accelerating to VX or VY, as appropriate. 

6. Establishes a pitch attitude for VX or VY,

as appropriate and 

maintains selected airspeed +10/−5 knots, during the climb. 

7. Retracts flaps, if appropriate, after clear of any obstacles or as 

recommended by the manufacturer. 

8. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude. 

9. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout the takeoff and climb. 

D. TASK: SOFT-FIELD APPROACH AND LANDING (ASEL) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field 

approach and landing. 

2. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstructions, 

and selects the most suitable touchdown area. 

3. Establishes the recommended approach and landing 

configuration, and airspeed/attitude; adjusts pitch attitude and 

power as required. 

4. Maintains a stabilized approach and recommended airspeed, or 

in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/−5 knots, and/or 

appropriate approach attitude. 

5. Touches down softly. 

6. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout 

the approach and landing sequence. 

7. Maintains proper position of the flight controls and sufficient 

speed to taxi on the soft surface. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-15

E. TASK: SHORT-FIELD (CONFINED AREA—ASES) TAKEOFF 

AND MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE CLIMB (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a short-field 

(Confined Area-ASES) takeoff and maximum performance climb. 

2. Positions the flight controls for the existing wind conditions; sets 

the flaps, if applicable, as recommended. 

3. Clears the area; taxis into takeoff position utilizing maximum 

available takeoff area and aligns the airplane on the runway 

center/takeoff path. 

4. Selects an appropriate take-off path for the existing conditions. 

(ASES) 

5. Applies brakes (if appropriate) while advancing the throttle. 

6. Establishes and maintains the most efficient planing/lift-off 

attitude and corrects for porpoising and skipping. (ASES) 

7. Lifts off at the recommended airspeed/attitude, and accelerates 

to the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed/attitude or VX

8. Establishes a pitch attitude that will maintain the recommended 

obstacle clearance airspeed, or VX +10/−5 knots, until the obstacle 

is cleared, or until the airplane is 50 feet above the surface. 

9. After clearing the obstacle, establishes the pitch attitude for VY

accelerates to VY, and maintains VY, +10/−5 knots, during the 

climb. 

10. Retracts the flaps after clear of any obstacles or as recommended 

by manufacturer. 

11. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude. 

12. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout the takeoff and climb. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-16

F. TASK: SHORT-FIELD (CONFINED AREA—ASES) APPROACH 

AND LANDING (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a short-field 

(Confined Area—ASES) approach and landing. 

2. Adequately surveys the intended landing area. (ASES) 

3. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions, 

and selects the most suitable touchdown point. 

4. Establishes the recommended approach and landing 

configuration and airspeed/attitude; adjusts pitch attitude and 

power as required. 

5. Maintains a stabilized approach and the recommended 

approach airspeed/attitude, or in its absence not more than 1.3 

Vso, +10/−5 knots. 

6. Selects the proper landing path, contacts the water at the 

minimum safe airspeed with the proper pitch attitude for the 

surface conditions. (ASES) 

7. Touches down smoothly at minimum control airspeed. (ASEL) 

8. Touches down at or within 200 feet beyond a specified point. 

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout 

the approach and landing sequence. 

10. Applies brakes if equipped (ASEL), or elevator control (ASES) 

as necessary, to stop in the shortest distance consistent with 

safety. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-17

G. TASK: GLASSY WATER TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASES) 

NOTE: If glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant shall be 

evaluated by simulating the TASK. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to glassy water 

takeoff and climb. 

2. Positions the flight controls and flaps for the existing conditions. 

3. Clears the area; selects an appropriate takeoff path considering 

surface hazards and/or vessels and surface conditions. 

4. Retracts the water rudders as appropriate; advances the throttle 

smoothly to takeoff power. 

5. Establishes and maintains an appropriate planing attitude, 

directional control, and corrects for porpoising, skipping, and 

increases in water drag. 

6. Utilizes appropriate techniques to lift seaplane from the water 

considering surface conditions. 

7. Establishes proper attitude/airspeed and accelerates to VY, 

+10/−5 knots during the climb. 

8. Retracts the flaps after a positive rate of climb is established. 

9. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude. 

10. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout takeoff and climb. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-18

H. TASK: GLASSY WATER APPROACH AND LANDING (ASES) 

NOTE: If glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant shall be 

evaluated by simulating the TASK. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to glassy water 

approach and landing. 

2. Adequately surveys the intended landing area. 

3. Considers the wind conditions, water depth, hazards, 

surrounding terrain, and other watercraft. 

4. Selects the most suitable approach path and touchdown 

area. 

5. Establishes the recommended approach and landing 

configuration, airspeed/attitude, and adjusts pitch attitude 

and power as required. 

6. Maintains a stabilized approach and the recommended 

approach airspeed, +10/–5 knots and/or attitude and maintains 

a touchdown pitch attitude and descent rate from the last 

altitude reference until touchdown. 

7. Makes smooth, timely, and correct power and control 

adjustments to maintain proper pitch attitude and rate of 

descent to touchdown. 

8. Contacts the water in the proper pitch attitude and slows to 

idle taxi speed. 

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control 

throughout the approach and landing sequence. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-19

I. TASK: ROUGH WATER TAKEOFF AND CLIMB (ASES) 

NOTE: If rough water condition does not exist, the applicant shall be 

evaluated by simulating the TASK. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to rough water 

takeoff and climb. 

2. Positions the flight controls and flaps for the existing conditions. 

3. Clears the area; selects an appropriate takeoff path considering 

wind, swells, surface hazards, and/or vessels. 

4. Retracts the water rudders as appropriate; advances the throttle 

smoothly to takeoff power. 

5. Establishes and maintains an appropriate planing attitude, 

directional control, and corrects for porpoising, skipping, or 

excessive bouncing. 

6. Lifts off at minimum airspeed and accelerates to VY, +10/−5 

knots before leaving ground effect. 

7. Retracts the flaps after a positive rate of climb is established. 

8. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude. 

9. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout takeoff and climb. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-20

J. TASK: ROUGH WATER APPROACH AND LANDING (ASES) 

NOTE: If rough water condition does not exist, the applicant shall be 

evaluated by simulating the TASK. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to rough water 

approach and landing. 

2. Adequately surveys the intended landing area. 

3. Considers the wind conditions, water, depth, hazards, surrounding 

terrain, and other watercraft. 

4. Selects the most suitable approach path and touchdown area. 

5. Establishes the recommended approach and landing 

configuration and airspeed/attitude, and adjusts pitch attitude 

and power as required. 

6. Maintains a stabilized approach and the recommended 

approach airspeed and/or attitude, or in its absence not more 

than 1.3 Vso +10/−5 knots with wind gust factor applied. 

7. Makes smooth, timely, and correct power and control inputs 

during the roundout and touch down. 

8. Contacts the water in the proper pitch attitude and at the proper 

airspeed, considering the type of rough water. 

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control 

throughout the approach and landing sequence. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-21

K. TASK: FORWARD SLIP TO A LANDING (ASEL and ASES) 

NOTE: This TASK applies to airplanes capable of performing slips. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to forward slip to a 

landing. 

2. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions, and 

selects the most suitable touchdown point. 

3. Establishes the slipping attitude at the point from which a landing 

can be made using the recommended approach and landing 

configuration and airspeed; adjusts pitch attitude and power as 

required. 

4. Maintains a ground track aligned with the runway center/landing 

path and an airspeed/attitude, which results in minimum float 

during the roundout. 

5. Makes smooth, timely, and correct control application during the 

recovery from the slip, the roundout, and the touchdown. 

6. Touches down smoothly at the approximate stalling speed, at or 

within 400 feet beyond a specified point. 

7. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout 

the approach and landing sequence. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-22

L. TASK: GO-AROUND/REJECTED LANDING (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a go-around/

rejected landing. 

2. Makes a timely decision to discontinue the approach to landing. 

3. Applies takeoff power immediately and transitions to climb pitch 

attitude for VY, and maintains VY +10/−5 knots and/or the 

appropriate pitch attitude. 

4. Retracts the flaps as appropriate. 

5. Maneuvers to the side of the runway/landing area to clear and 

avoid conflicting traffic, if appropriate. 

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude. 

7. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout the climb. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-23

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE MANEUVER 

A. TASK: STEEP TURNS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns. 

2. Establishes the manufacturer’s recommended airspeed or if one 

is not stated, a safe airspeed not to exceed VA. 

3. Rolls into a coordinated 360° turn; maintains a 45° bank. 

4. Performs the task in the opposite direction, as specified by the 

examiner. 

5. Divides attention between airplane control and orientation. 

6. Maintains the entry altitude, ±100 feet, airspeed, ±10 knots, 

bank, ±5°; and rolls out on the entry heading, ±10°. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-24

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: GROUND REFERENCE 

MANEUVERS 

NOTE: The examiner shall select at least one ground reference 

maneuver. 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

one ground reference maneuver. 

A. TASK: RECTANGULAR COURSE (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a rectangular 

course. 

2. Selects a suitable reference area and emergency landing area. 

3. Plans the maneuver so as to not descend below a minimum 

altitude of 600 feet above the ground at an appropriate distance 

from the selected reference area, 45° to the downwind leg. 

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction during straight-andturning flight to maintain a constant ground track around the 

rectangular reference area. 

5. Divides attention between airplane control and the ground track 

while maintaining coordinated flight. 

6. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots. 

B. TASK: S-TURNS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to S-turns. 

2. Selects a suitable ground reference line and emergency landing 

area. 

3. Plans the maneuver so as to not descend below a minimum 

altitude of 600 feet above the ground perpendicular to the 

selected reference line. 

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius 

turn on each side of the selected reference line. 

5. Reverses the direction of turn directly over the selected 

reference line. 

6. Divides attention between airplane control, orientation and the 

ground track while maintaining coordinated flight. 

7. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-25

C. TASK: TURNS AROUND A POINT (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-3. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns around a 

point. 

2. Selects an appropriate reference point based on wind direction 

and emergency landing areas. 

3. Plans the maneuver so as not to descend below a minimum 

altitude of 600 feet above ground level at an appropriate 

distance from the reference point. 

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant radius 

turn around the selected reference point. 

5. Divides attention between airplane control and the ground track 

while maintaining coordinated flight. 

6. Exits at the point of entry heading ±15°. 

7. Maintains altitude, ±100 feet; maintains airspeed, ±10 knots. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-26

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION 

A. TASK: PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-25. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to pilotage and dead 

reckoning, as appropriate. 

2. Follows the preplanned course by reference to landmarks. 

3. Identifies landmarks by relating surface features to chart 

symbols. 

4. Verifies the airplane’s position within 3 nautical miles of the 

flight-planned route. 

5. Determines there is sufficient fuel to complete the flight. If not, 

develops an alternate plan. 

6. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet and headings, ±15°. 

B. TASK: DIVERSION (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to diversion. 

2. Selects an appropriate alternate airport, or landing area and 

route. 

3. Determines there is sufficient fuel to fly to the alternate airport or 

landing area. 

4. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet and headings, ±15°. 

C. TASK: LOST PROCEDURES (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to lost procedures. 

2. Selects an appropriate course of action. 

3. Maintains an appropriate heading and climbs, if necessary. 

4. Identifies prominent landmarks. 

5. Uses navigation systems/facilities and or contacts an ATC facility 

for assistance, as appropriate. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-27

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

A. TASK: MANEUVERING DURING SLOW FLIGHT (ASEL and 

ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering 

during slow flight. 

2. Selects an entry altitude consistent with safety, which allows the 

TASK to be completed no lower than 1,000 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes and maintains an airspeed at which any further 

increase in angle of attack, increase in load factor, or reduction 

in power, would result in an immediate stall. 

4. Accomplishes coordinated straight-and-level flight, turns, climbs, 

and descents with landing gear extended and retracted as 

appropriate, and various flap configurations, if appropriate, 

specified by the examiner. 

5. Divides attention between airplane control and orientation. 

6. Maintains the specified altitude, ±100 feet; specified heading, 

±10°; airspeed, +10/−0 knots and specified angle of bank, ±10°. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-28

B. TASK: POWER-OFF STALLS (ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to power-off stalls. 

2. Selects an entry altitude consistent with safety, which allows the 

TASK to be completed no lower than 1,000 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes a stabilized descent in the approach or landing 

configuration, as specified by the examiner. 

4. Transitions smoothly from the approach or landing attitude to a 

pitch attitude that will induce a stall. 

5. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°, in straight flight; maintains a 

specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10°; in turning flight, 

while inducing the stall. 

6. Recognizes and recovers promptly after the stall occurs by 

simultaneously reducing the angle of attack, increasing power to 

maximum allowable, and leveling the wings to return to a 

straight-and-level flight attitude with a minimum loss of altitude 

appropriate for the airplane. 

7. Retracts the flaps to the recommended setting, after a positive 

rate-of-climb is establishes. (ASES) 

8. Accelerates to VX or VY speed and/or the appropriate pitch 

attitude before the final flap retraction; returns to the altitude, 

heading, and airspeed/appropriate pitch attitude specified by the 

examiner. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-29

C. TASK: POWER-ON STALLS (ASEL and ASES) 

NOTE: In some high performance airplanes, the power setting may 

have to be reduced below the practical test standards guideline power 

setting to prevent excessively high pitch attitudes (greater than 30° 

nose up). 

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to power-on stalls. 

2. Selects an entry altitude consistent with safety, which allows the 

TASK to be completed no lower than 1,000 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes the takeoff or departure configuration. Sets power 

to no less than 65 percent available power. 

4. Transitions smoothly from the takeoff or departure attitude to 

the pitch attitude that will induce a stall. 

5. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°, in straight flight; maintains 

a specified angle of bank not to exceed 20°, ±10°, in turning 

flight, while inducing the stall. 

6. Recognizes and recovers promptly after the stall occurs by 

simultaneously reducing the angle of attack, increasing power 

as appropriate, and leveling the wings to return to a straightand-level flight attitude with a minimum loss of altitude 

appropriate for the airplane. 

7. Retracts the flaps to the recommended setting; after a positive 

rate of climb is established. 

8. Accelerates to VX or VY speed and/or the appropriate pitch 

attitude before the final flap retraction; returns to the altitude, 

heading, and airspeed/pitch attitude specified by the examiner. 

D. TASK: SPIN AWARENESS (ASEL and ASES) (Oral Only) 

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to spin awareness by explaining: 

1. Aerodynamic factors that cause spins. 

2. Flight situations where unintentional spins may occur. 

3. Procedures for avoidance and recovery from unintentional spins. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-30

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select TASK A. 

A. TASK: EMERGENCY APPROACH AND LANDING (SIMULATED) 

(ASEL and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency 

approach and landing procedures. 

2. Analyzes the situation and selects an appropriate course of 

action. 

3. Establishes and maintains the recommended best-glide airspeed 

±10 knots. 

4. Selects a suitable landing area. 

5. Plans and follows a flight pattern to the selected landing area 

considering altitude, wind, terrain, and obstructions. 

6. Prepares for landing or go-around, as specified by the examiner. 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-31

B. TASK: SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS (ASEL

and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to system and 

equipment malfunctions appropriate to the airplane provided for 

the practical test. 

2. Evaluates the situation and takes appropriate action for 

simulated emergencies appropriate to the airplane provided for 

the practical test for at least three (3) of the following— 

a. partial or complete power loss 

b. engine roughness or overheat 

c. carburetor or induction icing 

d. loss of oil pressure 

e. fuel starvation 

f. electrical malfunction 

g. vacuum/pressure and associated flight instrument 

malfunctions 

h. pitot/static 

i. flap malfunction 

j. inoperative trim 

k. inadvertent door or window opening 

l. smoke/fire/engine compartment fire 

m. flight control malfunction 

n. ballistic recovery system malfunction, if applicable 

o. any other emergency appropriate to the airplane 

3. Follows the appropriate checklist or procedure. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-32

C. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR (ASEL

and ASES) 

NOTE: This TASK shall be evaluated orally. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to emergency equipment appropriate to the following 

environmental conditions: 

1. Mountain terrain 

2. Large bodies of water 

3. Desert conditions 

4. Extreme temperature changes 
Section 1 FAA-S-8081-29 1-33

X. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

NOTE: The examiner shall select Task A and for ASES applicants at 

least one other TASK. 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASK A and all other TASKs as applicable. 

A. TASK: AFTER LANDING, PARKING, AND SECURING (ASEL

and ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after landing, 

parking, and securing procedures. 

2. Maintains directional control after touchdown while decelerating 

to an appropriate speed. 

3. Observes runway hold lines and other surface control markings. 

4. Parks in an appropriate area, considering the safety of nearby 

persons and property. 

5. Follows the appropriate procedure for engine shutdown. 

6. Completes the appropriate checklist. 

7. Conducts an appropriate postflight inspection and secures the 

aircraft. 

B. TASK: ANCHORING (ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to anchoring. 

2. Selects a suitable area for anchoring, considering seaplane 

movement, water depth, tide, wind, and weather changes. 

3. Uses an adequate number of anchors and lines of sufficient 

strength and length to ensure the seaplane’s security. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 1 1-34

C. TASK: DOCKING AND MOORING (ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to docking and 

mooring. 

2. Approaches the dock or mooring buoy in the proper direction 

considering speed, hazards, wind, and water current. 

3. Ensures seaplane security. 

D. TASK: RAMPING/BEACHING (ASES) 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23; AFM/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ramping/beaching. 

2. Approaches the ramp/beach, considering persons and property 

in the proper attitude and direction, at a safe speed, considering 

water depth, tide, current, and wind. 

3. Ramps/beaches and secures the seaplane in a manner that will 

protect it from the harmful effect of wind, waves, and changes in 

water level. 
SECTION 2 

SPORT PILOT 

GYROPLANE 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081-29 2-i

SECTION 2—CONTENTS 

SPORT PILOT GYROPLANE 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ......................................... 2-iii 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist..........................................2-v 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION...........................................2-1 

A. Certificates and Documents .......................................2-1 

B. Airworthiness Requirements ......................................2-1 

C. Weather Information...................................................2-2 

D. Cross-Country Flight Planning ...................................2-2 

E. National Airspace System ..........................................2-3 

F. Operation of Systems.................................................2-3 

G. Aeromedical Factors...................................................2-4 

H. Performance and Limitations......................................2-4 

I. Principles of Flight ......................................................2-5 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES ...........................................2-6 

A. Preflight Inspection.....................................................2-6 

B. Cockpit Management..................................................2-6 

C. Engine Starting...........................................................2-6 

D. Taxiing ........................................................................2-7 

E. Before Takeoff Check.................................................2-7 

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS .................................................2-8 

A. Radio Communications ..............................................2-8 

B. Traffic Patterns ...........................................................2-8 

C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting.......................2-9 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-ii

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS ........... 2-10 

A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb.............. 2-10 

B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing....... 2-11 

C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb ................................... 2-12 

D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing ............................ 2-12 

E. Go-Around/Rejected Landing .................................. 2-14 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER...................................... 2-15 

A. Steep Turns............................................................... 2-15 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS ........................ 2-16 

A. Rectangular Course .................................................. 2-16 

B. S-Turns...................................................................... 2-16 

C. Turns Around a Point ................................................ 2-17 

VII. NAVIGATION ................................................................. 2-18 

A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning................................... 2-18 

B. Diversion.................................................................... 2-18 

C. Lost Procedures ........................................................ 2-18 

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS..............................2-19 

A. Straight-and-Level, Turns, Climbs, and Descents 

 at Slow Airspeeds...................................................... 2-19 

B. High Rates of Descent and Recovery ....................... 2-19 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS........................................ 2-20 

A. Emergency Approach and Landing........................... 2-20 

B. Power-off Approach and Accuracy Landing.............. 2-20 

C. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions ...................... 2-21 

D. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear ................ 2-21 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES ...................................... 2-22 

A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing ....................... 2-22 
Section 2 2-iii FAA-S-8081-29 

APPLICANT’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPOINTMENT WITH EXAMINER: 

EXAMINER’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION ____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME ____________________________________ 

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

 Aircraft Documents: Airworthiness Certificate, Registration 

Certificate, and Operating Limitations 

 Aircraft Maintenance Records: Logbook Record of 

Inspections/Airworthiness Directives/Safety Directives 

 Pilot’s Operating Handbook or FAA-Approved Flight Manual or 

Manufacturer’s Operating Instructions 

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

 Current Aeronautical Charts 

 Flight Logs 

 Current AFD and Appropriate Publications 

PERSONAL RECORDS

 Identification—Photo/Signature ID 

 Pilot Certificate 

 Medical Certificate or Driver’s License 

 Completed FAA Form 8710-11, Application for an Airman 

 Certificate and/or Rating—Sport Pilot 

 Airman Knowledge Test Report 

 Logbook with Instructor's Endorsement 

 FAA Form 8060-5, Notice of Disapproval (if applicable) 

 Examiner’s Fee (if applicable) 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081-29 2-v

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

 A. Certificates and Documents 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements 

 C. Weather Information 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning 

 E. National Airspace System 

 F. Operation of Systems 

 G. Aeromedical Factors 

 H. Performance and Limitations 

 I. Principles of Flight 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

 A. Preflight Inspection 

 B. Cockpit Management 

 C. Engine Starting 

 D. Taxiing 

 E. Before Takeoff Check 

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS

 A. Radio Communications 

 B. Traffic Patterns 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS

 A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing 

 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb 

 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing 

 E. Go-Around/Rejected Landing 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-vi

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER

 A. Steep Turns 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

 A. Rectangular Course 

 B. S-Turns 

 C. Turns Around a Point 

VII. NAVIGATION

 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning 

 B. Diversion 

 C. Lost Procedures 

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS

 A. Straight-and-Level, Turns, Climbs, and Descents at Slow 

 Airspeeds 

 B. High Rate of Descent and Recovery 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

 A. Emergency Approach and Landing 

 B. Power-off Approach and Accuracy Landing 

 C. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions 

 D. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

 A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-1 29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-

13, FAA-H-8083-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH/FAA Operating 

Limitations. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to certificates and documents by: 

1. Explaining— 

a. certificate privileges, limitations, and currency 

experience requirements. 

b. medical eligibility. 

c. pilot logbook or flight records. 

2. Locating and explaining— 

a. airworthiness and registration certificates. 

b. operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, 

Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH, and flight training supplement. 

c. weight and balance data and/or equipment list, as 

applicable. 

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Operating 

Limitations. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to airworthiness requirements by: 

1. Explaining— 

a. required instruments and equipment for sport pilot 

privileges. 

b. procedures and limitations for determining if an aircraft, 

with inoperative instruments and/or equipment, is airworthy or 

in a condition for safe operation. 

2. Explaining— 

a. airworthiness directives/safety directives (as applicable to 

the aircraft brought for flight test). 

b. maintenance/inspection requirements and appropriate record 

keeping. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-2

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-84, AC 

61-134; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to real time 

weather information appropriate to the specific category/class 

aircraft by consulting the weather reports, charts, and forecasts 

from aeronautical weather reporting sources. 

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available 

weather information. 

3. Describes importance of avoiding adverse weather and 

inadvertent entry into instrument meteorological conditions 

(IMC). 

4. Explains courses of action to safely exit from an inadvertent 

IMC encounter. 

D. TASK: CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT PLANNING 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AC 61-84; Navigation 

Charts; A/FD; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cross-country 

flight planning appropriate to the category/class aircraft. 

2. Uses appropriate and current aeronautical charts. 

3. Properly identifies airspace, obstructions, and terrain features. 

4. Selects easily identifiable en route checkpoints, as appropriate. 

5. Selects most favorable altitudes considering weather conditions 

and equipment capabilities. 

6. Computes headings, flight time, and fuel requirements. 

7. Selects appropriate navigation system/facilities and 

communication frequencies, if so equipped. 

8. Applies pertinent information from NOTAMs, A/FD, and other 

flight publications. 

9. Completes a navigation log and simulates filing a VFR flight 

plan. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-3 29

E. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 91; Navigation Charts; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining: 

1. Sport pilot privileges applicable to the following classes of 

airspace: 

a. Class B. 

b. Class C. 

c. Class D. 

d. Class E. 

e. Class G. 

2. Special use and other airspace areas. 

3. Temporary flight restrictions (TFRs). 

F. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; Gyroplane Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to the operation of systems on the light-sport aircraft

provided for the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following 

systems, if applicable: 

1. Primary flight controls and trim. 

2. Powerplant and propeller. 

3. Rotors, including prerotator/spin-up control. 

4. Landing gear, brakes, and steering. 

5. Fuel, oil, hydraulic. 

6. Electrical. 

7. Avionics. 

8. Pitot-static, vacuum/pressure, and associated flight instruments. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-4

G. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining: 

1. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications. 

2. The symptoms, causes, effects, and corrective actions of at 

least three (3) of the following— 

a. hypoxia. 

b. hyperventilation. 

c. middle ear and sinus problems. 

d. spatial disorientation. 

e. motion sickness. 

f. carbon monoxide poisoning. 

g. stress and fatigue. 

h. dehydration. 

i. hypothermia. 

H. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-1, FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight 

Manual. 

Objective. To determine the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and 

limitations by explaining the use of charts, tables, and data if 

appropriate, to determine performance and the adverse effects 

of exceeding limitations. 

2. Understands the cause, effect, and avoidance procedure of 

“power pushover” and “pilot induced oscillation.” 

3. Determines if weight and center of gravity will remain within 

limits during all phases of flight. 

4. Describes the effects of atmospheric conditions on the 

gyroplane’s performance. 

5. Determines whether the performance is within the gyroplane’s 

capabilities and operating limitations. 

6. Explains the requirement to maintain sufficient airspeed rather 

than groundspeed when making downwind turns in close 

proximity to the ground. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-5 29

I. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine the applicant exhibits knowledge of at least 

three (3) of the following aerodynamic principles: 

1. Autorotative airflow and reverse flow. 

2. Blade flapping and coning. 

3. Dissymmetry of lift. 

4. Lateral stick force/position change with airspeed. 

5. Load factor effects in level flight and turns. 

6. Retreating blade stall. 

7. Rotor system characteristics. 

8. Stability and controllability. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-6

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASKs A, C, and D. 

A. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a preflight 

inspection including which items must be inspected, for what 

reason, and how to detect possible defects. 

2. Inspects the gyroplane by systematically following a prescribed 

checklist. 

3. Verifies that the gyroplane is in condition for safe flight, notes 

any discrepancy, and determines if maintenance is required. 

B. TASK: COCKPIT MANAGEMENT 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to efficient cockpit 

management procedures and related safety factors. 

2. Organizes and arranges material and equipment in a manner 

that makes the items readily available. 

3. Briefs the occupant on the use of safety belts, propeller and 

rotor blade avoidance, and emergency procedures. 

C. TASK: ENGINE STARTING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to correct engine 

starting procedures and the effects of using incorrect starting 

procedures. 

2. Demonstrates awareness of other persons and property during 

start. 

3. Demonstrates proper rotor blade management while performing 

the correct starting procedure. 

4. Prevents gyroplane movement during and after the engine start. 

5. Completes the appropriate checklist. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-7 29

D. TASK: TAXIING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to recommended 

taxi procedures, including rotor blade management and the 

effect of wind during taxiing. 

2. Performs a brake check immediately after the gyroplane begins 

moving. 

3. Controls direction and speed without excessive use of brakes. 

4. Complies with airport markings, signals, clearances, and 

instructions. 

5. Avoids other aircraft and hazards. 

6. Conducts proper rotor blade management. 

7. Properly positions the gyroplane for run-up considering other 

aircraft, surface conditions, and if applicable, existing wind 

conditions. 

E. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before 

takeoff check, including the reasons for checking the items and 

how to detect malfunctions. 

2. Positions the gyroplane properly considering other aircraft, 

surface conditions, and if applicable, existing wind conditions. 

3. Divides attention inside and outside the cockpit. 

4. Accomplishes the before takeoff checklist and ensures that the 

gyroplane is in safe operating condition. 

5. Reviews takeoff performance airspeeds and expected takeoff 

distance. 

6. Describes takeoff emergency procedures, to include low speed/

high speed blade flap situations. 

7. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff. 

8. Utilizes proper rotor spin-up procedure. 

9. Completes the appropriate checklist.
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-8

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT OPERATIONS 

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS 

NOTE: If the aircraft is not radio equipped, this TASK shall be tested 

orally for procedures ONLY. 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio 

communications at airports without operating control towers. 

2. Selects appropriate communication frequencies. 

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology. 

4. Acknowledges radio communications.

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-66; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic patterns 

and shall include procedures at airports with CTAF, prevention 

of runway incursions, collision avoidance, wake turbulence 

avoidance, and wind shear. 

2. Complies with proper local traffic pattern procedures. 

3. Maintains proper spacing from other aircraft. 

4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain the proper ground track. 

5. Maintains orientation with the runway/landing area in use. 

6. Maintains traffic pattern altitude, ±100 feet, and the appropriate 

airspeed, ±10 knots, if applicable. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-9 29

C. TASK: AIRPORT RUNWAY MARKINGS AND LIGHTING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport runway, 

and taxiway operations with emphasis on runway incursion 

avoidance. 

2. Properly identifies and interprets airport runway and taxiway 

signs, markings and lighting. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-10

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND 

 GO-AROUNDS 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select all TASKs.

A. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

NOTE: If a calm wind weather condition exists, the applicant’s knowledge 

of the crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing; 

otherwise, a crosswind takeoff and climb shall be demonstrated. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff and climb, including factors affecting 

performance. 

2. Considering other traffic and wind conditions, determines where 

to pre-rotate rotor blades to appropriate RPM. 

3. Maintains proper directional control during acceleration on the 

surface and manages rotor RPM. 

4. Attains the proper lift-off attitude and airspeed. 

5. Accelerates to appropriate climb airspeed, ±5 knots. 

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then 

sets power, as appropriate. 

7. Establishes and maintains proper ground track with crosswind 

correction, if necessary. 

8. Remains aware of the possibility of wind shear and/or wake 

turbulence. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-11 29

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACH AND LANDING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

NOTE: If a calm wind weather condition exists, the applicant’s knowledge 

of the crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing; 

otherwise, a crosswind approach and landing shall be demonstrated. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind approach and landing. 

2. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstacles. 

3. Selects a suitable touchdown point. 

4. Establishes and maintains a stabilized approach at the 

recommended airspeed with gust correction factor applied, ±5 

knots. 

5. Establishes and maintains proper ground track with crosswind 

correction, as necessary. 

6. Remains aware of the possibility of wind shear and/or wake 

turbulence. 

7. Makes smooth, timely, and correct control application during 

the flare and touchdown. 

8. Touches down smoothly, at a reduced forward airspeed 

beyond and within 200 feet of a specified point with no 

appreciable drift, and with the longitudinal axis aligned with the 

intended landing path. 

9. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control 

throughout the approach and landing sequence. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-12

C. TASK: SOFT-FIELD TAKEOFF AND CLIMB 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field takeoff 

and climb including factors affecting performance. 

2. Considering other traffic and wind conditions, determines where 

to pre-rotate rotor blades to appropriate RPM. 

3. Maintains proper directional control during acceleration on the 

surface and manages rotor RPM. 

4. Lifts off and remains in ground effect while accelerating to 

recommended climb airspeed. 

5. Maintains recommended climb airspeed, ±5 knots. 

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then 

sets power, as appropriate. 

7. Establishes and maintains proper ground track with crosswind 

correction, if necessary. 

8. Remains aware of the possibility of wind shear and/or wake 

turbulence. 

D. TASK: SOFT-FIELD APPROACH AND LANDING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field 

approach and landing. 

2. Considers the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstacles. 

3. Selects a suitable touchdown area. 

4. Establishes and maintains a stabilized approach at the 

recommended airspeed, with gust correction factor applied, ±5 

knots. 

5. Establishes and maintains proper ground track with crosswind 

correction, as necessary. 

6. Makes smooth, timely, and correct control application during 

the flare and touchdown. 

7. Touches down smoothly, at a minimum forward airspeed with 

no appreciable drift, and with the longitudinal axis aligned with 

the intended landing path. 

8. Maintains sufficient speed to taxi on soft surface. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-13 29

E. TASK: GO-AROUND/REJECTED LANDING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a go-around and 

when it is necessary. 

2. Makes a timely decision to discontinue the approach to 

landing. 

3. Applies appropriate power and establishes a climb at the 

appropriate airspeed, ±5 knots. 

4. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then 

sets climb power. 

5. Maintains proper ground track with crosswind correction, as 

necessary. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-14

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE MANEUVER 

A. TASK: STEEP TURNS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns. 

2. Selects an altitude that will allow the TASK to be performed no 

lower than 600 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes the manufacturer’s recommended airspeed or if 

one is not stated the examiner may designate a safe airspeed. 

4. Rolls into a coordinated 360° turn; maintains a 30° bank, ±5°; 

and rolls out on the entry heading, ±10°. 

5. Performs the task in the opposite direction, as specified by the 

examiner. 

6. Divides attention between gyroplane control and orientation. 

7. Maintains the entry altitude, ±100 feet, and airspeed, ±10 

knots. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-15 29

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: GROUND REFERENCE 

MANEUVERS 

NOTE: The examiner shall select at least one ground reference 

maneuver.

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

one ground reference maneuver. 

A. TASK: RECTANGULAR COURSE

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a rectangular 

course. 

2. Selects an appropriate ground reference based on wind 

direction and emergency landing areas. 

3. Plans the maneuver so as to not descend below 600 feet 

above the ground at an appropriate distance from the selected 

reference course, 45° to the downwind leg. 

4. Establishes and maintains a proper ground track with 

crosswind correction, as necessary, around a rectangular 

course. 

5. Divides attention between gyroplane control and orientation. 

6. Maintains the entry altitude throughout the maneuver, ±100 

feet and airspeed, ±10 knots. 

B. TASK: S-TURNS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to S-turns. 

2. Selects an appropriate reference line based on wind direction 

and emergency landing areas. 

3. Plans the maneuver so as to not descend below 600 feet 

above the ground perpendicular to the selected reference line, 

downwind. 

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant 

radius turn on each side of the selected reference line. 

5. Reverses the direction of turn directly over the selected 

reference line. 

6. Divides attention between gyroplane control, orientation, and 

clearing of other aircraft. 

7. Maintains the entry altitude throughout the maneuver, ±100 

feet and airspeed, ±10 knots. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-16

C. TASK: TURNS AROUND A POINT 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns around a 

point. 

2. Selects an appropriate reference point based on wind direction 

and emergency landing areas. 

3. Plans the maneuver so as to not descend below 600 feet 

above the ground, at an appropriate distance from the 

reference point. 

4. Applies adequate wind-drift correction to track a constant 

radius turn around the selected reference point. 

5. Divides attention between gyroplane control, orientation, and 

clearing of other aircraft. 

6. Exits at the point of entry heading ±15°. 

7. Maintains the entry altitude throughout the maneuver, ±100 

feet and airspeed, ±10 knots. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-17 29

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION 

A. TASK: PILOTAGE AND DEAD RECKONING

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-25. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to pilotage and dead 

reckoning, as appropriate. 

2. Follows the preplanned course by reference to landmarks. 

3. Identifies landmarks by relating surface features to chart 

symbols. 

4. Verifies the gyroplane’s position with 3 nautical miles of the 

flight-planned route. 

5. Determines there is sufficient fuel to complete the planned flight, 

if not, has an alternate plan. 

6. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet and headings, 

±15°. 

B. TASK: DIVERSION 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25, AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to diversion. 

2. Selects an appropriate alternate airport or landing area and 

route. 

3. Determines there is sufficient fuel to fly to the alternate airport 

or landing area. 

4. Turns to and establishes a course to the selected alternate 

destination. 

5. Maintains the appropriate altitude, ±200 feet and headings, 

±15°. 

C. TASK: LOST PROCEDURES 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to lost procedures. 

2. Selects an appropriate course of action. 

3. Maintains an appropriate heading and climbs if necessary. 

4. Identifies prominent landmarks. 

5. Uses navigation systems/facilities and/or contacts an ATC 

facility for assistance, as appropriate. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-18

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS 

A. TASK: STRAIGHT-AND-LEVEL, TURNS, CLIMBS, AND 

DESCENTS AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to flight 

characteristics and controllability associated with maneuvering 

during slow airspeed. 

2. Selects a safe altitude no lower than 600 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes and maintains minimum level flight speed in 

straight-and-level flight, turns, climbs, and descents, as directed 

by the examiner. 

4. Divides attention between gyroplane control and orientation. 

5. Maintains the specified altitude, ±100 feet; specified heading 

±10°; and specified airspeed ±5 knots. 

B. TASK: HIGH RATES OF DESCENT AND RECOVERY 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge by explaining the aerodynamic factors and 

flight situations that may result in high rates of descents, and 

the procedures used for recovery. 

2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the recoveries to be 

completed no lower than 600 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes a high rate of descent at a minimum airspeed with 

power below cruise setting. 

4. Recognizes high rates of descent and recovers promptly to a 

best glide airspeed. 

5. Recovers by demonstrating proper power management and 

returns to cruise airspeed.

6. Maintains a specified heading, ±10°. 

 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-19 29

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select TASKs A 

and B. 

A. TASK: EMERGENCY APPROACH AND LANDING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to emergency 

approach and landing with a power failure. 

2. Establishes and maintains the appropriate airspeed, ±5 knots. 

3. Selects a suitable landing area, considering the possibility of 

an actual forced landing. 

4. Plans and follows a flight pattern to the selected landing area, 

considering altitude, wind, terrain, obstacles, and other factors. 

5. Attempts to determine the reason for the simulated 

malfunction, if time permits. 

6. Completed the prescribed checklist, if applicable. 

B. TASK: POWER-OFF APPROACH AND ACCURACY LANDING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performing a 

power-off approach and accuracy landing.

2. Selects a reference point in the landing area for touchdown 

and reduces power to a zero-thrust position.

3. Adjusts glide path to terminate approach and touch down 

beyond and within 300 feet of the reference point.
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 2 2-20

C. TASK: SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to causes, 

indications, and pilot actions for various systems and equipment 

malfunctions. 

2. Analyzes the situation and takes action, appropriate to the 

gyroplane used for the practical test, in at least three (3) of the 

following areas, if applicable— 

a. engine/oil and fuel. 

b. electrical. 

c. carburetor or induction icing. 

d. smoke and/or fire. 

e. flight control/trim. 

f. pitot static/vacuum and associated flight instruments. 

g. rotor and/or propeller. 

h. ballistic recovery system malfunction, if applicable. 

i. any other emergency unique to the gyroplane flown. 

D. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR 

REFERENCE: Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to emergency equipment appropriate to the following 

environmental conditions: 

1. Mountainous terrain. 

2. Large bodies of water. 

3. Desert conditions. 

4. Extreme temperature changes. 
Section 2 FAA-S-8081- 2-21 29

X. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select TASK A. 

A. TASK: AFTER LANDING, PARKING, AND SECURING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-21; Gyroplane Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after landing, 

taxi, parking, and securing procedures. 

2. Maintains directional control after touchdown while 

decelerating to an appropriate speed. 

3. Observes runway hold lines and other surface control markings 

and lighting. 

4. Parks in an appropriate area, considering the safety of nearby 

persons and property. 

5. Proper managing of rotor system and propeller for existing 

conditions, as applicable. 

6. Follows the appropriate procedure for engine shutdown. 

7. Completes the appropriate checklist. 

8. Conducts a post flight inspection and secures the aircraft. 
SECTION 3 

SPORT PILOT 

GLIDER 
Section 3 FAA-S-8081-29 3-i

SECTION 3—CONTENTS 

SPORT PILOT GLIDER 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ..........................................3-v 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist........................................ 3-vii 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION...........................................3-1 

 A. Certificates and Documents ......................................3-1 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements .....................................3-1 

 C. Weather Information..................................................3-2 

 D. National Airspace System .........................................3-2 

 E. Operation of Systems................................................3-3 

 F. Aeromedical Factors..................................................3-3 

 G. Performance and Limitations.....................................3-4 

 H. Principles of Flight .....................................................3-4 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES ...........................................3-5 

A. Assembly......................................................................3-5 

B. Ground Handling..........................................................3-5 

C. Preflight Inspection.......................................................3-6 

D. Cockpit Management ...................................................3-6 

E. Visual Signals...............................................................3-6 

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS................3-7 

 A. Radio Communications .............................................3-7 

 B. Traffic Patterns ..........................................................3-7 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting......................3-8 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-ii

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS......................................... 3-9 

AERO TOW 

A. Before Takeoff Check.................................................. 3-9 

B. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff................................... 3-9 

C. Maintaining Tow Positions......................................... 3-10 

D. Slack Line.................................................................. 3-10 

E. Boxing The Wake ...................................................... 3-10 

F. Tow Release.............................................................. 3-11 

G. Abnormal Occurrences.............................................. 3-11 

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

H. Before Takeoff Check................................................ 3-12 

I. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff................................. 3-12 

J. Abnormal Occurrences.............................................. 3-13 

SELF-LAUNCH 

K. Engine Starting.......................................................... 3-13 

L. Taxiing....................................................................... 3-14 

M. Before Takeoff Check................................................ 3-14 

N. Normal And Crosswind Takeoff and Climb ............... 3-15 

O. Engine Shutdown In Flight ........................................ 3-15 

P. Abnormal Occurrences.............................................. 3-16 

LANDINGS 

Q. Normal and Crosswind Landing ................................ 3-17 

R. Slips To Landing........................................................ 3-17 

S. Downwind Landing .................................................... 3-18 

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS............................................ 3-19 

A. Straight Glides........................................................... 3-19 

B. Turns To Headings.................................................... 3-19 

C. Steep Turns............................................................... 3-19 

D. Minimum Sink Airspeed............................................. 3-20 

E. Speed-To-Fly............................................................. 3-20 

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES .............................................. 3-21 

A. Thermal Soaring........................................................ 3-21 

B. Ridge and Slope Soaring .......................................... 3-21 

C. Wave Soaring............................................................ 3-22 
Section 3 FAA-S-8081-29 3-iii

VII. NAVIGATION..................................................................3-23 

 A. Flight Preparation and Planning.................................3-23 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS........................................3-24 

A. Maneuvering at Minimum Control Airspeed...............3-24 

B. Stall Recognition and Recovery.................................3-24 

C. Spin Awareness (Oral Only) ......................................3-25 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS ........................................3-26 

A. Simulated Off-Airport Landing....................................3-26 

B. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear.................3-26 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES ........................................3-27 

A. After-Landing and Securing .......................................3-27 
Section 3 3-v FAA-S-8081-29 

APPLICANT’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPOINTMENT WITH EXAMINER: 

EXAMINER’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION ____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME ____________________________________ 

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

 Aircraft Documents: Airworthiness Certificate, Registration 

Certificate, and Operating Limitations 

 Aircraft Maintenance Records: Logbook Record of 

Inspections/Airworthiness Directives/Safety Directives 

 Pilot’s Operating Handbook or FAA-Approved Flight Manual or 

Manufacturer’s Operating Instructions 

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

 Current Aeronautical Charts 

 Computer and Plotter 

 Flight Plan Form 

 Flight Logs 

 Current AIM, AFD, and Appropriate Publications 

PERSONAL RECORDS

 Identification—Photo/Signature ID 

 Pilot Certificate 

 Medical Certificate or Driver’s License 

 Completed FAA Form 8710-11, Application for an Airman 

 Certificate and/or Rating—Sport Pilot 

 Airman Knowledge Test Report 

 Logbook with Instructor’s Endorsement 

 FAA Form 8060-5, Notice of Disapproval (if applicable) 

 Examiner's Fee (if applicable) 
Section 3 FAA-S-8081-29 3-vii

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION

 A. Certificates and Documents 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements 

 C. Weather Information 

 D. National Airspace System 

 E. Operation of Systems 

 F. Aeromedical Factors 

 G. Performance and Limitations 

 H. Principles of Flight 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES

 A. Assembly 

 B. Ground Handling 

 C. Preflight Inspection 

 D. Cockpit Management 

 E. Visual Signals 

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS

 A. Radio Communications 

 B. Traffic Patterns 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-viii

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS

AERO TOW 

 A. Before Takeoff Check 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff 

 C. Maintaining Tow Positions 

 D. Slack Line 

 E. Boxing the Wake 

 F. Tow Release 

 G. Abnormal Occurrences 

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

 H. Before Takeoff Check 

 I. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff 

 J. Abnormal Occurrences 

SELF-LAUNCH 

 K. Engine Starting 

 L. Taxiing 

 M. Before Takeoff Check 

 N. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb 

 O. Engine Shutdown in Flight 

 P. Abnormal Occurrences 

LANDINGS 

 Q. Normal and Crosswind Landing 

 R. Slips to Landing 

 S. Downwind Landing 

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS

 A. Straight Glides 

 B. Turns to Headings 

 C. Steep Turns 

 D. Minimum Sink Airspeed 

 E. Speed-To-Fly 

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES

 A. Thermal Soaring 

 B. Ridge and Slope Soaring 

 C. Wave Soaring 
Section 3 FAA-S-8081-29 3-ix

VII. NAVIGATION

 A. Flight Preparation and Planning 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

 A. Maneuvering at Minimum Control Airspeed 

 B. Stall Recognition and Recovery 

 C. Spin Awareness (Oral Only) 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

 A. Simulated Off-Airport Landing 

 B. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES

 A. After-Landing and Securing 
Section 3 3-1 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, 67, 91; FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H8083-25; Glider Flight Manual/POH/FAA Operating Limitations. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to certificates and documents by: 

1. Explaining— 

a. certificate privileges, limitations, and currency 

experience requirements. 

b. medical eligibility. 

c. pilot logbook or flight records. 

2. Locating and explaining— 

a. airworthiness and registration certificates. 

b. operating limitations, placards, instrument markings, Glider 

Flight Manual/POH, and flight training supplement. 

c. weight and balance data and/or equipment list, as applicable. 

B. TASK: AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Operating 

Limitations. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to airworthiness requirements by: 

1. Explaining— 

a. required instruments and equipment for sport pilot 

privileges. 

b. procedures and limitations for determining if an aircraft, with 

inoperative instruments and equipment, is airworthy or in a 

condition for safe operation. 

2. Explaining— 

a. airworthiness directives/safety directives (as applicable to 

the aircraft brought for flight test). 

b. maintenance/inspection requirements and appropriate record 

keeping. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-2

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

C. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-84, AC 

61-134; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to real time weather 

information appropriate to the specific category/class aircraft by 

consulting the weather reports, charts, and forecasts from 

aeronautical weather reporting sources. 

2. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available 

weather information. 

3. Describes importance of avoiding adverse weather and 

inadvertent entry into instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). 

4. Explains courses of action to safely exit from an inadvertent IMC 

encounter. 

D. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 71, 91; Navigation Charts; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining: 

1. Sport pilot privileges applicable to the following classes of 

airspace: 

a. Class B. 

b. Class C. 

c. Class D. 

d. Class E. 

e Class G. 

2. Special use and other airspace areas. 

3. Temporary flight restrictions (TFRs). 
Section 3 3-3 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08)

E. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to the operation of systems on the glider provided for 

the flight test by explaining at least three (3) of the following systems, 

appropriate to the aircraft, if applicable: 

1. Magnetic compass. 

2. Yaw string or inclinometer. 

3. Airspeed indicator and altimeter. 

4. Variometer and total energy compensators. 

5. Gyroscopic instruments. 

6. Electrical. 

7. Landing gear and brakes. 

8. Avionics. 

9. High-lift and drag devices. 

F. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining: 

1. The effects of alcohol, drugs, and over-the-counter medications. 

2. The symptoms, causes, effects, and corrective actions of at 

least three (3) of the following— 

a. hypoxia. 

b. hyperventilation. 

c. middle ear and sinus problems. 

d. spatial disorientation. 

e. motion sickness. 

f. carbon monoxide poisoning. 

g. stress and fatigue. 

h. dehydration. 

i. hypothermia 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-4

G. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance and 

limitations, including the use of charts, tables, data to determine 

performance, and the adverse effects exceeding limitations. 

2. Exhibits knowledge of the principles of weight and balance by 

explaining weight and balance terms and the effect of weight 

and balance on glider performance. 

3. Determines if weight and center of gravity will remain within 

limits during all phases of flight. 

4. Explains the management of ballast and its effect on 

performance. 

5. Describes the relationship between airspeeds and load factors. 

6. Explains the applicable performance speeds and their uses. 

H. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to principles of flight by describing: 

1. Forces acting on a glider in various flight maneuvers. 

2. Glider and airfoil design characteristics. 

3. Glider stability and controllability. 

4. The three axes of rotation and stability about those axes. 

5. Lift/drag relationship. 

6. Angle of attack, stalls and stall recovery, including flight 

situations in which unintentional stalls and spins may occur. 
Section 3 3-5 FAA-S-8081-29

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASKs A, B, C, and E. 

A. TASK: ASSEMBLY 

NOTE: If, in the judgment of the examiner, the demonstration of the 

glider assembly is impractical, competency may be determined by oral 

testing. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to assembly 

procedures. 

2. Selects a suitable assembly area, and provides sufficient 

crewmembers for assembly. 

3. Follows an appropriate checklist. 

4. Uses proper tools. 

5. Handles components properly. 

6. Cleans and lubricates parts, as appropriate. 

7. Accounts for all tools and parts at the completion of assembly. 

8. Performs post-assembly inspection, including a positive flight 

control check. 

B. TASK: GROUND HANDLING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ground handling 

procedures. 

2. Selects the appropriate ground handling procedures and 

equipment for existing conditions. 

3. Determines the number of crewmembers needed. 

4. Handles the glider in a manner that will not result in damage 

during movement. 

5. Secures the glider and controls, as necessary, in proper position. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-6

C. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to preflight 

inspection, including which items must be inspected, for what 

reasons, and how to detect possible defects. 

2. Inspects the glider using the appropriate checklist. 

3. Verifies the glider is in condition for safe flight, notes any 

discrepancies, and determines if maintenance is required. 

4. Inspects the launch equipment, including towline, tow hitches, 

weak links, and release mechanism. 

D. TASK: COCKPIT MANAGEMENT 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/

POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cockpit 

management procedures. 

2. Organizes and arranges material and equipment in a manner 

making items readily available. 

3. Briefs passenger on the use of safety belts, shoulder 

harnesses, and emergency procedures. 

E. TASK: VISUAL SIGNALS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerotow or 

ground tow visual signals, as appropriate.

2. Uses, interprets, and responds to pre-launch, launch, airborne, 

and emergency signals, as appropriate.
Section 3 3-7 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT 

 OPERATIONS 

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS 

NOTE: If the aircraft is not radio equipped, this TASK shall be tested 

orally for procedures ONLY. 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio 

communications. 

2. Selects appropriate frequencies. 

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology. 

4. Acknowledges radio communications. 

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-25; 

AC 90-66; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic patterns and 

shall include procedures at nontowered airports, prevention of

runway incursions, collision avoidance, wake turbulence avoidance, 

and wind shear. 

2. Complies with proper local traffic pattern procedures. 

3. Maintains proper spacing from other aircraft. 

4. Corrects for wind drift to maintain the proper ground track. 

5. Maintains orientation with the runway/landing area in use. 

6. Maintains traffic pattern altitude, ±100 feet, and the appropriate 

airspeed, ±10 knots, if applicable. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-8

C. TASK: AIRPORT RUNWAY MARKINGS AND LIGHTING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-23, FAA-H-8083-25; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport/

gliderport base, runway and taxiway operations with emphasis 

on runway incursion avoidance. 

2. Properly identifies and interprets airport/gliderport base, 

runway and taxiway signs, markings and lighting. 
Section 3 3-9 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS 

NOTE: Examiner shall select at least two takeoff and landings 

TASKs based on the applicants selection of tow type. 

AERO TOW 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASKs A, B, C, and F. 

A. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff 

check, including the reasons for checking the items, and how to 

detect malfunctions. 

2. Establishes a course of action with crewmembers, including 

signals, speeds, wind, and emergency procedures. 

3. Ensures that the glider is in safe operating condition. 

4. Checks towline hookup and release mechanism, using the 

appropriate hook for the type of launch conducted. 

5. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff. 

6. Completes the appropriate checklist. 

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral 

testing. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff, including configurations and tow positions. 

2. Uses proper signals for takeoff. 

3. Lifts off at an appropriate airspeed. 

4. Maintains proper alignment with the towplane throughout the 

takeoff. 

5. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

throughout the takeoff. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-10

C. TASK: MAINTAINING TOW POSITIONS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to high-tow (slightly 

above the wake) and low-tow (slightly below the wake) positions 

during various phases of aerotow. 

2. Makes smooth and correct control applications to maintain 

vertical and lateral positions during high and low tow. 

3. Transitions from high- to low-tow position through the wake 

while maintaining positive control. 

4. Maintains proper tow position during turns. 

D. TASK: SLACK LINE 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the causes, 

hazards, and corrections related to slack line. 

2. Recognizes slack line and applies immediate, positive, and 

smooth corrective action to eliminate slack line in various 

situations. 

E. TASK: BOXING THE WAKE 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to boxing the wake 

(maneuvering around the wake). 

2. Maneuvers the glider, while on tow, slightly outside the 

towplane’s wake in a rectangular, box-like pattern. 

3. Maintains proper control and coordination. 
Section 3 3-11 FAA-S-8081-29

F. TASK: TOW RELEASE 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to tow release, 

including related safety factors. 

2. Maintains high-tow position with normal towline tension. 

3. Clears the area before releasing the towline. 

4. Releases the towline and confirms release by observing the 

towline. 

5. Makes level turn. 

G. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerotow abnormal 

occurrences, for various situations, such as— 

a. towplane power loss during takeoff. 

b. towline break. 

c. towplane power failure at altitude. 

d. glider release failure. 

e. glider and towplane release failure. 

2. Demonstrates simulated aerotow abnormal occurrences as 

required by the examiner. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-12

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASKs H and I. 

H. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff 

check, including the reasons for checking the items, and how to 

detect malfunctions. 

2. Establishes a course of action with crewmembers, including 

signals, speeds, wind direction, and emergency procedures. 

3. Ensures glider is in safe operating condition. 

4. Checks towline hookup and release mechanism, using the 

appropriate hook for the type of launch conducted. 

5. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff. 

6. Completes the prescribed checklist, if applicable. 

I. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral 

testing. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff, including related safety factors. 

2. Uses proper signals for takeoff. 

3. Maintains directional control during launch. 

4. Lifts off at the proper airspeed. 

5. Establishes proper initial climb pitch attitude. 

6. Takes prompt action to correct high speed, low speed, or 

porpoising. 

7. Maintains proper ground track during climb. 

8. Releases in proper manner and confirms release. 
Section 3 3-13 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

J. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ground tow 

abnormal occurrences for various situations, such as— 

a. overrunning the towline. 

b. towline break. 

c. inability to release towline. 

d. over and under speeding. 

e. porpoising. 

2. Demonstrates simulated ground tow abnormal occurrences, as 

required by the examiner. 

SELF-LAUNCH 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select at least 

TASKs K, L, M, and N. 

K. TASK: ENGINE STARTING 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to engine starting, 

including various atmospheric conditions and awareness of 

other persons and property during start. 

2. Accomplishes recommended starting procedures. 

3. Completes appropriate the checklist. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-14

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

L. TASK: TAXIING 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to taxiing, including 

the effect of wind during taxiing and appropriate control positions. 

2. Performs a brake check immediately after the glider begins 

moving. 

3. Positions flight controls properly, considering the wind. 

4. Controls direction and speed without excessive use of brakes. 

5. Avoids other aircraft and hazards. 

6. Complies with signals. 

M. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before takeoff 

check, including the reason for checking each item and to detect 

malfunctions. 

2. Positions the glider properly considering other aircraft, wind, 

and surface conditions. 

3. Ensures engine temperatures and pressures are suitable for 

run-up and takeoff. 

4. Accomplishes before takeoff checks and ensures the glider is in 

safe operating condition. 

5. Reviews airspeeds, takeoff distance, and emergency procedures. 

6. Completes the appropriate checklist. 
Section 3 3-15 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

N. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND CLIMB 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing. 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff and climb. 

2. Positions flight controls for existing wind conditions. 

3. Clears the area, taxis into takeoff position, and aligns the glider 

for departure. 

4. Advances throttle smoothly to takeoff power. 

5. Lifts off at recommended airspeed, and accelerates to appropriate 

climb speed, +10/−5 knots. 

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then 

sets climb power as recommended. 

O. TASK: ENGINE SHUTDOWN IN FLIGHT 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to engine shutdown 

procedures in flight. 

2. Sets power for proper engine cooling. 

3. Establishes appropriate airspeed. 

4. Sets electrical equipment. 

5. Shuts down engine. 

6. Feathers or positions propeller and stows, as applicable. 

7. Selects proper static source, if applicable. 

8. Completes appropriate checklists. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-16

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

P. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to self-launch 

abnormal occurrences for various situations, such as— 

a. partial, complete power failure, and failure to gain restart. 

b. fire or smoke. 

c. electrical system malfunction. 

d. low fuel pressure. 

e. low oil pressure. 

f. engine overheat. 

g. canopy opening in flight. 

h. engine restart in flight. 

2. Demonstrates simulated self-launch abnormal occurrences, as 

required by the examiner. 
Section 3 3-17 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

LANDINGS 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select all TASKs. 

Q. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND LANDING 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral testing. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind approach and landing procedures. 

2. Adjusts flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

3. Maintains recommended approach airspeed, +10/-5 knots. 

4. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control throughout 

the approach and landing. 

5. Makes smooth, timely, and positive control application during 

the roundout and touchdown. 

6. Touches down smoothly within the designated landing area, with 

no appreciable drift, and with the longitudinal axis aligned with 

the desired landing path, stopping short of and within 200 feet of 

a designated point. 

7. Maintains control during the after-landing roll. 

R. TASK: SLIPS TO LANDING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to forward, side, and 

turning slips to landing, with and without the use of drag 

devices. 

2. Recognizes the situation where a slip should be used to land in 

a desired area. 

3. Establishes a slip without the use of drag devices. 

4. Maintains the desired ground track. 

5. Maintains proper approach attitude. 

6. Makes smooth, proper, and positive control applications during 

recovery from the slip. 

7. Touches down smoothly within the designated landing area. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-18

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

S. TASK: DOWNWIND LANDING 

NOTE: This TASK may be evaluated orally at the discretion of the 

examiner. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13, Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to downwind 

landings, including safety related factors. 

2. Adjusts flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

3. Maintains selected approach airspeed, ±5 knots. 

4. Uses proper downwind landing procedures. 

5. Maintains proper directional control during touchdown and rollout.

6. Applies brake smoothly to bring glider to a stop.
Section 3 3-19 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06), Change 2 (2/19/08) 

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS 

A. TASK: STRAIGHT GLIDES 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to straight glides, 

including the relationship of pitch attitude and airspeed. 

2. Tracks toward a prominent landmark at a specified airspeed. 

3. Demonstrates the effect of flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, if 

equipped, in relation to pitch attitude and airspeed. 

4. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control, and planning. 

5. Maintains the specified heading, ±10°, and the specified 

airspeed, ±10 knots. 

B. TASK: TURNS TO HEADINGS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns to headings, 

including the relationship of pitch attitude, bank angle, and 

airspeed. 

2. Enters and maintains an appropriate rate of turn with smooth, 

proper, and coordinated control applications. 

3. Maintains the desired airspeed, ±10 knots, and rolls out on the 

specified heading, ±10°. 

C. TASK: STEEP TURNS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns, 

including load factor, effect on stall speed, and overbanking 

tendency. 

2. Establishes the recommended entry airspeed. 

3. Enters a turn maintaining a bank angle of 45°/±5°, with smooth 

and coordinated control applications. 

4. Maintains desired airspeed, ±10 knots. 

5. Recovers with smooth and coordinated control application within 

10° of the desired heading. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-20

D. TASK: MINIMUM SINK AIRSPEED 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerodynamic 

factors and use of minimum sink airspeed. 

2. Determines the minimum sink airspeed for a given situation and 

maintains the selected speed, ±5 knots. 

E. TASK: SPEED-TO-FLY 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to speed-to-fly and 

its uses. 

2. Determines the speed-to-fly for a given situation and maintains 

the speed, ±5 knots. 
Section 3 3-21 FAA-S-8081-29

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: SOARING TECHNIQUES 

NOTE: Due to varying geographical locations and atmospheric 

conditions, the applicant may be asked to demonstrate at least one of 

the following soaring TASKs most appropriate for the particular location 

and existing conditions. If conditions do not permit a demonstration of 

soaring skills, applicants will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of 

the various types of soaring through oral testing. 

A. TASK: THERMAL SOARING 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to thermal soaring. 

2. Recognizes the indications of, and the presence of, a thermal. 

3. Analyzes the thermal structure and determines the direction to 

turn to remain within the thermal. 

4. Exhibits coordinated control and planning when entering and 

maneuvering to remain within the thermal. 

5. Applies correct techniques to re-enter the thermal, if lift is lost. 

6. Remains oriented to ground references, wind, and other aircraft. 

7. Demonstrates the use of proper airspeeds in and between 

thermals. 

B. TASK: RIDGE AND SLOPE SOARING 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ridge and slope 

soaring. 

2. Recognizes terrain features and wind conditions, which create 

orographic lift. 

3. Enters the area of lift properly. 

4. Estimates height and maintains a safe distance from the terrain. 

5. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control, and planning to remain 

within the area of lift. 

6. Uses correct technique to re-enter the area of lift, if lift is lost. 

7. Remains oriented to ground references, wind, and other aircraft. 

8. Uses proper procedures and techniques when crossing ridges. 

9. Maintains proper airspeeds. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-22

C. TASK: WAVE SOARING 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-13. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to wave soaring. 

2. Locates and enters the area of lift. 

3. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control and planning to remain 

within the area of lift. 

4. Uses correct technique to re-enter the area of lift, if lift is lost. 

5. Remains oriented to ground references, wind, and other aircraft. 

6. Recognizes and avoids areas of possible extreme turbulence. 

7. Maintains proper airspeeds. 

8. Coordinates with ATC, as appropriate. 
Section 3 3-23 FAA-S-8081-29

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION 

NOTE: The applicant’s knowledge of this AREA OF OPERATION will 

be evaluated through oral testing. 

A. TASK: FLIGHT PREPARATION AND PLANNING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to flight preparations 

and planning. 

2. Selects and uses current and appropriate aeronautical charts. 

3. Plots a course and selects prominent en route checkpoints. 

4. Constructs a flight profile to determine minimum flight altitude at 

go-ahead points. 

5. Explains method of using lift sources and speeds effectively 

within and between lift sources. 

6. Selects available landing area. 

7. Describes coordination procedures with air traffic control, as 

appropriate. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-24

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

A. TASK: MANEUVERING AT MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering at 

minimum control airspeed, including flight characteristics and 

controllability. 

2. Establishes and maintains the airspeed at which any further 

increase in angle of attack or change in configurations would 

result in a stall in straight or turning flight in various configurations 

and bank angles. 

3. Adjusts the airspeed to avoid stalls in turbulent air or as bank is 

increased. 

4. Applies control inputs in a smooth and coordinated manner. 

5. Uses proper procedures to avoid stalls when raising a lowered 

wing. 

6. Maintains heading, ±10°, during straight flight, and the desired 

bank angle, ±10°, during turns. 

B. TASK: STALL RECOGNITION AND RECOVERY 

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to stall recognition 

and recovery, including the aerodynamic factors and flight 

situations that may result in stalls, and the hazards of stalling 

during uncoordinated flight. 

2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the maneuver to be 

completed no lower than 1,500 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes and maintains a pitch attitude that will result in a 

stall during both straight and turning flight with and without flaps, 

spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

4. Maintains a specified bank angle of up to 15° of bank, ±10°, 

during turns. 

5. Recovers at the stall. 

6. Uses smooth and coordinated control applications throughout 

the maneuver. 
Section 3 3-25 FAA-S-8081-29

C. TASK: SPIN AWARENESS (Oral Only) 

REFERENCES: AC 61-67; FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to spin awareness by explaining: 

1. Aerodynamic factors related to spins. 

2. Flight situations where unintentional spins may occur. 

3. Procedures for recovery from unintentional spins. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 3 3-26

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

A. TASK: SIMULATED OFF-AIRPORT LANDING 

NOTE: This TASK shall be evaluated orally. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to a simulated off-airport landing, including selection of 

a suitable landing area and the procedures used to accomplish an offairport landing. 

B. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR 

NOTE: This TASK shall be evaluated orally. 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of the 

elements related to emergency equipment appropriate to the following 

environmental conditions: 

1. mountain terrain 

2. large bodies of water 

3. desert conditions 

4. extreme temperature changes 
Section 3 3-27 FAA-S-8081-29

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

X. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

NOTE: For single-seat applicants, the examiner shall select TASK A. 

A. TASK: AFTER-LANDING AND SECURING 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-13; Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after-landing and 

securing procedures, including local operations, ramp safety, 

parking hand signals, shutdown (if appropriate), securing, and 

postflight inspection. 

2. Selects a suitable parking area while considering wind and 

safety of nearby persons and property. 

3. Taxis to parking area and performs engine shutdown, if 

applicable. 

4. Services the glider, if applicable. 

5. Secures the glider properly. 

6. Performs a satisfactory postflight inspection. 

7. Completes the appropriate checklist. 
SECTION 4 

SPORT PILOT 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-i

SECTION 4—CONTENTS 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR 

CHECKLISTS 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ......................................... 4-iii 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist for Flight Instructor— 

Airplane ...........................................................................4-v 

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist for Flight 

Instructor—Airplane ................................................................. 4-ix 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist for Flight Instructor— 

Gyroplane ........................................................................ 4-xiii 

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist for Flight Instructor—

Gyroplane ....................................................................... 4-xvii 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist for Flight Instructor— 

Glider ........................................................................ 4-xxi 

Instructor’s Proficiency Check Checklist for Flight 

Instructor—Glider ................................................................. 4-xxv 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATE WITH SPORT PILOT 

PRIVILEGES

Flight Instructor Practical Test Section Description ..................4-1 

Use of the Flight Instructor Section...........................................4-1 

Special Emphasis Areas ...........................................................4-3 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Initial .....................4-4 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional 

Privileges .................................................................................4-5 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional 

Privileges-Registered Ultra-Light Instructor ..............................4-5 

Flight Instructor Responsibility ..................................................4-6 

Examiner Responsibility............................................................4-7 

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Check—Satisfactory 

Performance ...........................................................................4-8 

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Check—Unsatisfactory 

Performance ...........................................................................4-8 

Proficiency Check—Satisfactory Performance When 

Adding an Additional Category/Class Privilege.........................4-9 

Proficiency Check—Unsatisfactory Performance When 

Adding an Additional Category/Class Privilege.......................4-10 

Renewal or Reinstatement of a Flight Instructor 

Certificate ...............................................................................4-11 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-ii

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING.......................... 4-13 

 A. The Learning Process............................................. 4-13 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication..... 4-13 

 C. The Teaching Process............................................ 4-14 

 D. Teaching Methods .................................................. 4-14 

 E. Critique and Evaluation........................................... 4-14 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and 

 Responsibilities....................................................... 4-15 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity................................. 4-15 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS ................................... 4-16 

 A. Aeromedical Factors............................................... 4-16 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance .............. 4-17 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications ...... 4-17 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements ..... 4-18 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT.............................................. 4-19 

 A. Maneuver Lesson ................................................... 4-19 
Section 4 4-iii FAA-S-8081-29 

APPLICANT’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

APPOINTMENT WITH EXAMINER: 

EXAMINER’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION ____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME ____________________________________ 

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT

 Aircraft Documents: Airworthiness Certificate 

 Registration Certificate 

 Aircraft Maintenance Records: Airworthiness Inspections 

 Pilot’s Operating Handbook or FAA-Approved Flight Manual or 

Manufacturer’s Operating Instructions

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT

 Current Aeronautical Charts 

 Computer and Plotter 

 Flight Plan Form 

 Flight Logs 

 Current AIM 

 Current Airport Facility Directory

PERSONAL RECORDS

 Identification—Photo/Signature ID 

 Pilot Certificate 

 Medical Certificate or Driver’s License 

 Completed FAA Form 8710-11, Application for an Airman 

Certificate and/or Rating—Sport Pilot 

 Airman Knowledge Test Report 

 Logbook with Instructor’s Endorsement 

 FAA Form 8060-5, Notice of Disapproval (if applicable) 

 Examiner’s Fee (if applicable) 
Section 4 4-v FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The examiner must select TASK F and one other TASK. 

 A. The Learning Process 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication 

 C. The Teaching Process 

 D. Teaching Methods 

 E. Critique and Evaluation 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

Note: The examiner must select TASK D and at least one other TASK. 

 A. Aeromedical Factors 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The examiner must select at least one maneuver TASK.

 A. Maneuver Lesson 

Instructor applicants must be tested in the following areas of operation 

appropriate to the aircraft category/class instructor privileges they seek (refer 

to the appropriate category/class section of the PTS). Notes listed under each 

area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases the 

specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum number of TASKs are 

identified. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4-vi 4 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE (Continued) 

SEE SECTION 1 OF THE PTS 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

Note: The examiner must select two TASKs. 

 A. Certificates and Documents (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Weather Information (ASEL and ASES) 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning (ASEL and ASES) 

 E. National Airspace System (ASEL and ASES) 

 F. Operation of Systems (ASEL and ASES) 

 G. Aeromedical Factors (ASEL and ASES) 

 H. Water and Seaplane Characteristics (ASES) 

 I. Seaplane Bases, Maritime Rules, and Aids to Marine 

 Navigation (ASES) 

 H. Performance and Limitations (ASEL and ASES) 

 J. Principles of Flight (ASEL and ASES) 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The examiner must select TASK A and one other TASK. 

 A. Preflight Inspection (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Cockpit Management (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Engine Starting (ASEL and ASES)

 D. Taxiing (ASEL) 

 E. Taxiing and Sailing (ASES) 

 F. Before Takeoff Check (ASEL and ASES) 

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Radio Communications (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Traffic Patterns (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Airport/Seaplane Base, Runway, And Taxiway Signs, Markings 

and Lighting (ASEL and ASES) 
Section 4 4-vii FAA-S-8081-29

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE (Continued) 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS 

Note: The examiner must select one takeoff and one landing TASK in addition 

to TASKs K and L. 

 A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb (ASEL) 

 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing (ASEL) 

 E. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Takeoff and Maximum 

 Performance Climb (ASEL and ASES) 

 F. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Approach and 

 Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

 G. Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) 

 H. Glassy Water Approach and Landing (ASES) 

 I. Rough Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) 

 J. Rough Water Approach and Landing (ASES) 

 K. Forward Slip to a Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

 L. Go-Around/Rejected Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Steep Turns (ASEL and ASES) 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Rectangular Course (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. S-Turns (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Turns Around a Point (ASEL and ASES) 

VII. NAVIGATION 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Diversion (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Lost Procedures (ASEL and ASES) 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4-viii 4 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE (Continued) 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

Note: The examiner must select TASKs A and D and one other TASK. 

 A. Maneuvering During Slow Flight (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Power-Off Stalls (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Power-On Stalls (ASEL and ASES) 

 D. Spin Awareness (ASEL and ASES) 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

Note: The examiner must select TASKs A and B. 

 A. Emergency Approach and Landing (Simulated) (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 B. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The examiner must select TASK A and one other TASK for ASES. 

 A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing (ASEL and ASES)

 B. Anchoring (ASES) 

 C. Docking and Mooring (ASES) 

 D. Ramping/Beaching (ASES) 
Section 4 4-ix FAA-S-8081-29

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The instructor may select any of the below listed FOI TASKs for a 

proficiency check. However, these TASKs are not required on a 

proficiency check. 

 A. The Learning Process 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication 

 C. The Teaching Process 

 D. Teaching Methods 

 E. Critique and Evaluation 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

Note: The instructor must select TASK D and at least one other TASK. 

 A. Aeromedical Factors 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The instructor must select at least one maneuver TASK. 

 Maneuver Lesson 

Instructor applicants must be tested in the following areas of operation appropriate 

to the aircraft category/class instructor privileges they seek (refer to the 

appropriate category/class section of the PTS). Notes listed under each area of 

operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In some cases the specific 

TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum number of TASKs are identified. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4-x 4 

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE (Continued) 

SEE SECTION 1 OF THE PTS 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

Note: The instructor must select two TASKs. 

 A. Certificates and Documents (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Weather Information (ASEL and ASES) 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning (ASEL and ASES) 

 E. National Airspace System (ASEL and ASES) 

 F. Operation of Systems (ASEL and ASES) 

 G. Aeromedical Factors (ASEL and ASES) 

 H. Water and Seaplane Characteristics (ASES) 

 I. Seaplane Bases, Maritime Rules, and Aids to Marine 

 Navigation (ASES) 

 H. Performance and Limitations (ASEL and ASES) 

 J. Principles of Flight (ASEL and ASES) 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A and one other TASK. 

 A. Preflight Inspection (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Cockpit Management (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Engine Starting (ASEL and ASES)

 D. Taxiing (ASEL) 

 E. Taxiing and Sailing (ASES) 

 F. Before Takeoff Check (ASEL and ASES) 

III. AIRPORT AND SEAPLANE BASE OPERATIONS 

Note: The instructor must select TASK C. 

 A. Radio Communications (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Traffic Patterns (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Airport/Seaplane Base, Runway, And Taxiway Signs, 

 Markings and Lighting (ASEL and ASES) 
Section 4 4-xi FAA-S-8081-29

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE (Continued) 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS 

Note: The instructor must select one takeoff and one landing TASK in 

addition to TASKs K and L. 

 A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb (ASEL) 

 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing (ASEL) 

 E. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Takeoff and Maximum 

 Performance Climb (ASEL and ASES) 

 F. Short-Field (Confined Area—ASES) Approach and Landing (ASEL 

 and ASES) 

 G. Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) 

 H. Glassy Water Approach and Landing (ASES) 

 I. Rough Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES) 

 J. Rough Water Approach and Landing (ASES) 

 K. Forward Slip to a Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

 L. Go-Around/Rejected Landing (ASEL and ASES) 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER 

Note: The instructor must select one TASK. 

 A. Steep Turns (ASEL and ASES) 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS 

Note: The instructor must select one TASK. 

 A. Rectangular Course (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. S-Turns (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Turns Around a Point (ASEL and ASES) 

VII. NAVIGATION 

Note: The instructor must select one TASK. 

 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Diversion (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Lost Procedures (ASEL and ASES) 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4-xii 4 

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—AIRPLANE (Continued) 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

Note: The instructor must select TASKs A and D and one other TASK. 

 A. Maneuvering During Slow Flight (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Power-Off Stalls (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Power-On Stalls (ASEL and ASES) 

 D. Spin Awareness (ASEL and ASES) 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

Note: The instructor must select TASKs A and B. 

 A. Emergency Approach and Landing (Simulated) (ASEL and 

 ASES) 

 B. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions (ASEL and ASES) 

 C. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear (ASEL and ASES) 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A and one other TASK for ASES. 

 A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing (ASEL and ASES) 

 B. Anchoring (ASES) 

 C. Docking and Mooring (ASES) 

 D. Ramping/Beaching (ASES) 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xiii

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING 

Note: The examiner must select TASK F and one other TASK. 

 A. The Learning Process 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication 

 C. The Teaching Process 

 D. Teaching Methods 

 E. Critique and Evaluation 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

Note: The examiner must select TASK D and at least one other 

TASK. 

 A. Aeromedical Factors 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The examiner must select at least one maneuver TASK .

 A. Maneuver Lesson 

Instructor applicants must be tested in the following areas of operation 

appropriate to the aircraft category/class instructor privileges they seek 

(refer to the appropriate category/class section of the PTS). Notes listed 

under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In 

some cases the specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum 

number of TASKs are identified. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xiv

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE (Continued) 

SEE SECTION 2 OF THE PTS 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

Note: The examiner must select TASKs F and I. 

 A. Certificates and Documents 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements 

 C. Weather Information 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning 

 E. National Airspace System 

 F. Operation of Systems 

 G. Aeromedical Factors 

 H. Performance and Limitations 

 I. Principles of Flight 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The examiner must select TASK A and one other TASK. 

 A. Preflight Inspection 

 B. Cockpit Management 

 C. Engine Starting 

 D. Taxiing 

 E. Before Takeoff Check 

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS 

Note: The examiner must select TASK C. 

 A. Radio Communications 

 B. Traffic Patterns 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS 

Note: The examiner must select Two Takeoff and Two Landing 

TASKs. 

 A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing 

 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xv

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE (Continued) 

 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing 

 E. Go-Around/Rejected Landing 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER

Note: The examiner must select TASK A. 

 A. Steep Turns 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Rectangular Course 

 B. S-Turns 

 C. Turns Around a Point 

VII. NAVIGATION 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning 

 B. Diversion 

 C. Lost Procedures 

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS 

Note: The examiner must select TASK B. 

 A. Straight-and-Level, Turns, Climbs, and Descents at Slow 

Airspeeds 

 B. High Rate of Descent and Recovery 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

Note: The examiner must select TASKs A and B. 

 A. Emergency Approach and Landing 

 B. Power-off Approach and Accuracy Landing 

 C. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions 

 D. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xvi

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE (Continued) 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The examiner must select TASK A. 

 A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xvii

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING 

Note: The instructor may select any of the below listed FOI 

TASKs for a proficiency check. However, these TASKs are not 

required on a proficiency check. 

 A. The Learning Process 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication 

 C. The Teaching Process 

 D. Teaching Methods 

 E. Critique and Evaluation 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

Note: The instructor must select TASK D and at least one other 

TASK. 

 A. Aeromedical Factors 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The instructor must select at least one maneuver TASK.

 A. Maneuver Lesson 

Instructor applicants must be tested in the following areas of operation 

appropriate to the aircraft category/class instructor privileges they seek 

(refer to the appropriate category/class section of the PTS). Notes listed 

under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In 

some cases the specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum 

number of TASKs are identified. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xviii

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE (Continued) 

SEE SECTION 2 OF THE PTS 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

Note: The instructor must select TASKs F and I. 

 A. Certificates and Documents 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements 

 C. Weather Information 

 D. Cross-Country Flight Planning 

 E. National Airspace System 

 F. Operation of Systems 

 G. Aeromedical Factors 

 H. Performance and Limitations 

 I. Principles of Flight 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A and one other TASK. 

 A. Preflight Inspection 

 B. Cockpit Management 

 C. Engine Starting 

 D. Taxiing 

 E. Before Takeoff Check 

III. AIRPORT OPERATIONS 

Note: The instructor must select TASK C. 

 A. Radio Communications 

 B. Traffic Patterns 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xix

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE (Continued) 

IV. TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, AND GO-AROUNDS 

Note: The instructor must select two Takeoff and two Landing 

TASKs. 

 A. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing 

 C. Soft-Field Takeoff and Climb 

 D. Soft-Field Approach and Landing 

 E. Go-Around/Rejected Landing 

V. PERFORMANCE MANEUVER

Note: The instructor must select TASK A. 

 A. Steep Turns 

VI. GROUND REFERENCE MANEUVERS 

Note: The instructor must select one TASK. 

 A. Rectangular Course 

 B. S-Turns 

 C. Turns Around a Point 

VII. NAVIGATION 

Note: The instructor must select one TASK. 

 A. Pilotage and Dead Reckoning 

 B. Diversion 

 C. Lost Procedures 

VIII. FLIGHT AT SLOW AIRSPEEDS 

Note: The instructor must select TASK B. 

 A. Straight-and-Level, Turns, Climbs, and Descents at Slow 

Airspeeds 

 B. High Rate of Descent and Recovery 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xx

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GYROPLANE (Continued) 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

Note: The instructor must select TASKs A and B. 

 A. Emergency Approach and Landing 

 B. Power-off Approach and Accuracy Landing 

 C. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions 

 D. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A. 

 A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xxi

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR FLIGHT 

INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER 

APPLICANT’S NAME_____________________________ 

LOCATION_____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME_____________________________________ 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The examiner must select TASK F and one other TASK. 

 A. The Learning Process 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication 

 C. The Teaching Process 

 D. Teaching Methods 

 E. Critique and Evaluation 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

Note: The examiner must select TASK D and at least one other 

TASK. 

 A. Aeromedical Factors 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The examiner must select at least one maneuver TASK.

 A. Maneuver Lesson 

Instructor applicants must be tested in the following areas of 

operation appropriate to the aircraft category/class instructor 

privileges they seek (refer to the appropriate category/class section 

of the PTS). Notes listed under each area of operation identify the 

TASKs that must be tested. In some cases the specific TASK is 

identified, in other cases a minimum number of TASKs are identified. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xxii

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR FLIGHT 

INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER (Continued) 

SEE SECTION 3 OF THE PTS 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

Note: The examiner must select two TASKs. 

 A. Certificates and Documents 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements 

 C. Weather Information 

 D. National Airspace System 

 E. Operation of Systems 

 F. Aeromedical Factors 

 G. Performance and Limitations 

 H. Principles of Flight 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Assembly 

 B. Ground Handling 

 C. Preflight Inspection 

 D. Cockpit Management 

 E. Visual Signals 

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS 

Note: The examiner must select one TASK. 

 A. Radio Communications 

 B. Traffic Patterns 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xxiii

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR FLIGHT 

INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER (Continued) 

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS 

Note: The examiner must select one landing TASK and one 

other TASK based on the applicants qualifications. 

AERO TOW 

 A. Before Takeoff Check 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff 

 C. Maintaining Tow Positions 

 D. Slack Line 

 E. Boxing The Wake 

 F. Tow Release 

 G. Abnormal Occurrences 

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

 H. Before Takeoff Check 

 I. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff 

 J. Abnormal Occurrences 

SELF-LAUNCH 

 K. Engine Starting 

 L. Taxiing 

 M. Before Takeoff Check 

 N. Normal And Crosswind Takeoff And Climb 

 O. Engine Shutdown in Flight 

 P. Abnormal Occurrences 

LANDINGS 

 Q. Normal and Crosswind Landing 

 R. Slips To Landing 

 S. Downwind Landing 

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS 

 A. Straight Glides 

 B. Turns To Headings 

 C. Steep Turns 

 D. Minimum Sink Airspeed 

 E. Speed-To-Fly 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xxiv

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST FOR FLIGHT 

INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER (Continued) 

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES

 A. Thermal Soaring 

 B. Ridge and Slope Soaring 

 C. Wave Soaring 

VII. NAVIGATION

Note: The examiner must select TASK A. 

 A. Flight Preparation and Planning 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

Note: The examiner must select TASK B. 

 A. Maneuvering at Minimum Control Airspeed 

 B. Stall Recognition and Recovery 

 C. Spin Awareness (Oral Only) 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

Note: The examiner must select TASK A. 

 A. Simulated Off-Airport Landing 

 B. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The examiner must select TASK A. 

 A. After-Landing and Securing 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xxv

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER 

APPLICANT’S NAME _________________________________ 

LOCATION _________________________________________ 

DATE/TIME _________________________________________ 

I. FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUCTING

Note: The instructor may select any of the below listed FOI TASKs 

for a proficiency check. However, these TASKs are not required on 

a proficiency check. 

 A. The Learning Process 

 B. Human Behavior and Effective Communication 

 C. The Teaching Process 

 D. Teaching Methods 

 E. Critique and Evaluation 

 F. Flight Instructor Characteristics and Responsibilities 

 G. Planning Instructional Activity 

II. TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS

Note: The instructor must select TASK D and at least one other 

TASK. 

 A. Aeromedical Factors 

 B. Visual Scanning and Collision Avoidance 

 C. Federal Aviation Regulations and Publications 

 D. Logbook Entries and Certificate Endorsements 

III. PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A MANEUVER TO BE 

 PERFORMED IN FLIGHT

Note: The instructor must select at least one maneuver TASK.

 A. Maneuver Lesson 

Instructor applicants must be tested in the following areas of operation 

appropriate to the aircraft category/class instructor privileges they seek 

(refer to the appropriate category/class section of the PTS). Notes listed 

under each area of operation identify the TASKs that must be tested. In 

some cases the specific TASK is identified, in other cases a minimum 

number of TASKs are identified. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xxvi

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER (Continued) 

SEE SECTION 3 OF THE PTS 

AREAS OF OPERATION 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

Note: The instructor must select TASKs E and H. 

 A. Certificates and Documents 

 B. Airworthiness Requirements 

 C. Weather Information 

 D. National Airspace System 

 E. Operation of Systems 

 F. Aeromedical Factors 

 G. Performance and Limitations 

 H. Principles of Flight 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A. 

 A. Assembly 

 B. Ground Handling 

 C. Preflight Inspection 

 D. Cockpit Management 

 E. Visual Signals 

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS 

Note: The instructor must select TASK C. 

 A. Radio Communications 

 B. Traffic Patterns 

 C. Airport Runway Markings and Lighting 

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS 

Note: The instructor must select one landing TASK and one other 

TASK based on the applicants qualifications. 

AERO TOW 

 A. Before Takeoff Check 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-xxvii

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER (Continued) 

 C. Maintaining Tow Positions 

 D. Slack Line 

 E. Boxing The Wake 

 F. Tow Release 

 G. Abnormal Occurrences 

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

 H. Before Takeoff Check 

 I. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff 

 J. Abnormal Occurrences 

SELF-LAUNCH 

 K. Engine Starting 

 L. Taxiing 

 M. Before Takeoff Check 

 N. Normal And Crosswind Takeoff And Climb 

 O. Engine Shutdown in Flight 

 P. Abnormal Occurrences 

LANDINGS 

 Q. Normal and Crosswind Landing 

 R. Slips To Landing 

 S. Downwind Landing 

V. PERFORMANCE SPEEDS

 A. Straight Glides 

 B. Turns To Headings 

 C. Steep Turns 

 D. Minimum Sink Airspeed 

 E. Speed-To-Fly 

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES

 A. Thermal Soaring 

 B. Ridge and Slope Soaring 

 C. Wave Soaring 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-xxviii

INSTRUCTOR’S PROFICIENCY CHECK CHECKLIST FOR 

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR—GLIDER (Continued) 

VII. NAVIGATION

Note: The instructor must select TASK A. 

 A. Flight Preparation and Planning 

VIII. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

Note: The instructor must select TASK B. 

 A. Maneuvering at Minimum Control Airspeed 

 B. Stall Recognition and Recovery 

 C. Spin Awareness (Oral Only) 

IX. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A. 

 A. Simulated Off-Airport Landing 

 B. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 

X. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

Note: The instructor must select TASK A. 

 A. After-Landing and Securing 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-1

FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATE WITH SPORT PILOT 

PRIVILEGES 

Flight Instructor Practical Test Section Description 

This section provides guidance and procedures for obtaining a Flight 

Instructor Certificate with a sport pilot rating and for adding privileges to 

an existing Flight Instructor Certificate at the sport pilot level. Information 

provided in the Introduction of this practical test standard also applies to 

this section. 

The examiner or authorized instructor determines that the applicant 

meets the TASK Objective through the demonstration of competency in 

all elements of knowledge and/or skill unless otherwise noted. The 

Objectives of TASKs in certain AREAS OF OPERATION, such as 

Fundamentals of Instructing and Technical Subjects, include only 

knowledge elements. Objectives of TASKs in AREAS OF OPERATION 

that include elements of skill, as well as knowledge, also include 

common errors, which the applicant shall be able to describe, recognize, 

analyze, and correct. 

The word “examiner” is used throughout the standards to denote either 

the FAA inspector or an FAA designated pilot examiner who conducts 

an official practical test or proficiency check. When an examiner 

conducts a proficiency check they are acting in the capacity of an 

authorized instructor. 

At the flight instructor level, the Objective of a TASK that involves pilot 

skill consists of four parts. The four parts include determination that the 

applicant exhibits: 

1. instructional knowledge of the elements of a TASK. This is 

accomplished through descriptions, explanations, and simulated 

instruction; 

2. instructional knowledge of common errors related to a TASK, 

including their recognition, analysis, and correction; 

3. the ability to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in 

the standards at a more precise level than that indicated in the 

sport pilot tolerances; and 

4. the ability to analyze and correct common errors related to a 

TASK. 

Use of the Flight Instructor Section 

The FAA requires that all flight instructor practical tests and proficiency 

checks be conducted in accordance with the policies set forth in this 

practical test standard. The flight instructor applicant must be prepared 

to demonstrate the ability to instruct effectively in ALL TASKs included 

in the AREAS OF OPERATION appropriate to the category/class unless 

otherwise noted. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-2

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

A proficiency check is an evaluation of aeronautical knowledge and flight 

proficiency IAW 14 CFR part 61, section 61.419. A proficiency check 

shall be administered using the appropriate PTS for the category of 

aircraft when a flight instructor adds new category/class privileges. Upon 

successful completion of the proficiency check the authorized instructor 

will endorse the applicant’s logbook indicating the added category/class 

of equipment that the applicant is authorized to operate. When an 

examiner conducts a proficiency check they are acting in the capacity of 

an authorized instructor. 

All of the procedures and maneuvers to be tested are included in the 

sport pilot practical test standards. The flight instructor section contains 

the AREAS OF OPERATION that are generic to all flight instructor 

evaluations. Flight instructors must also be tested on TASKS located in 

the appropriate category/class section the PTS. Those TASKs are listed 

in the examiner’s practical test checklist and the instructor’s proficiency 

check checklist. The mandatory TASKs are identified by a note located 

in each area of operation. In some cases specific TASKs are identified. 

In other cases the examiner/instructor selects one or more TASKs in an 

area of operation for evaluation. This allows for the practical test for 

initial certification and additional privileges to be completed within a 

reasonable time frame. 

The term “instructional knowledge” means the instructor applicant is 

capable of using the appropriate reference to provide the "application or 

correlative level of knowledge" of a subject matter topic, procedure, or 

maneuver. It also means that the flight instructor applicant’s discussions, 

explanations, and descriptions should follow the recommended teaching 

procedures and techniques explained in FAA-H-8083-9, Aviation 

Instructor’s Handbook. 

In preparation for the practical test or proficiency check, the examiner or 

authorized instructor shall develop a written “plan of action.” The “plan of 

action” for an initial certification test shall include the required TASKs 

and one or more TASKs in the Fundamentals of Instruction, Technical 

Subject Area, and the Preflight Lesson on a Maneuver to be Performed 

in Flight AREAS OF OPERATION. Additionally, the examiner shall test 

the required TASK(s) listed in the examiner’s practical test checklist, for 

the appropriate category. The “plan of action” shall always include the 

required TASKs noted in each AREA OF OPERATION. Any TASK 

selected shall be evaluated in its entirety.

If the applicant is unable to perform a TASK listed in the “plan of action” 

due to circumstances beyond his/her control, the examiner or authorized 

instructor may substitute another TASK from the applicable AREA OF 

OPERATION. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-3

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

The “plan of action” used by an authorized instructor for a proficiency 

check administered for the addition of an aircraft category and/or class 

privilege to a Flight Instructor Certificate shall include TASKs required in 

the AREAS OF OPERATION as indicated in the instructor’s proficiency 

check checklist in this section. 

With the exception of the required TASKs, the examiner or authorized 

instructor shall not tell the applicant in advance which TASKs will be 

included in the “plan of action.” The applicant shall be prepared in ALL

knowledge and skill areas included in the standards. Throughout the 

flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check, the examiner or 

authorized instructor shall evaluate the applicant’s ability to 

simultaneously demonstrate and explain procedures and maneuvers, 

and to give flight instruction to students at various stages of flight 

training and levels of experience. 

The examiner or authorized instructor is expected to use good judgment 

in the performance of simulated emergency procedures. The examiner 

or authorized instructor shall not simulate any condition that may 

jeopardize safe flight or result in possible damage to the aircraft. The 

use of the safest means for simulation is expected. Consideration must 

be given to local conditions, both meteorological and topographical, at 

the time of the test, as well as the applicant’s workload, and the 

condition of the aircraft used. If the procedure being evaluated would 

jeopardize safety, it is expected that the applicant will simulate that 

portion of the maneuver. 

Special Emphasis Areas 

Examiners or authorized instructors shall place special emphasis upon 

areas of aircraft operations considered critical to flight safety. Among 

these are: 

1. positive aircraft control; 

2. procedures for positive exchange of flight controls (who is flying 

the aircraft); 

3. stall and spin awareness (if appropriate); 

4. collision avoidance; 

5. wake turbulence and low level windshear avoidance; 

6. runway incursion avoidance; 

7. controlled flight into terrain (CFIT); 

8. aeronautical decision-making/risk management; 

9. checklist usage; 

10. spatial disorientation; 

11. temporary flight restrictions (TFR); 

12. special use airspace (SUA); 

13. aviation security; and 

14. other areas deemed appropriate to any phase of the practical 

test or proficiency check. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-4

The examiner or authorized instructor shall place special emphasis on 

the applicant’s demonstrated ability to teach precise aircraft control and 

sound judgment in aeronautical decision-making/risk management. 

Evaluation of the applicant’s ability to teach judgment shall be 

accomplished by asking the applicant to describe the presentation of 

practical problems that would be used in instructing students in the 

exercise of sound judgment. The examiner or authorized instructor shall 

also emphasize the evaluation of the applicant’s demonstrated ability to 

teach the special emphasis areas. 

Although these areas may not be specifically addressed under each 

TASK, they are essential to flight safety and will be evaluated during the 

practical test. In all instances, the applicant’s actions will be evaluated in 

accordance to the standards of the TASKs and the ability to use good 

judgment reference the special emphasis areas listed above. 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Initial 

An applicant for a flight instructor—initial certification practical test is to: 

1. be at least 18 years of age; 

2. be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English 

language. If there is a doubt, use AC 60-28, English Language 

Skill Standards required by 14 CFR part 61; 

3. hold at least a current and valid Sport Pilot Certificate or higher 

with an aircraft category and class, privilege or rating 

appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought; 

4. have passed the fundamentals of instructing knowledge test 

since the beginning of the 24th month before the month in which 

he/she takes the practical test or meet the requirements of 14 

CFR part 61; 

5. have passed the appropriate sport pilot flight instructor 

knowledge test(s) appropriate to the category/class the 

applicant is since the beginning of the 24th month before the 

month in which he/she takes the practical test; and 

6. have an endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying 

that the applicant has been given flight training in the AREAS 

OF OPERATION specified in 14 CFR part 61 and a written 

statement from an authorized flight instructor within the 

preceding 60 days, in accordance with 14 CFR part 61, that 

instruction was given in preparation for the practical test. The 

endorsement shall also state that the instructor finds the 

applicant prepared for the required practical test, and that the 

applicant has demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the 

subject area(s) in which the applicant was deficient on the 

airman knowledge test. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-5

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional Privileges 

A certificated flight instructor seeking privileges to provide flight training 

in an additional category/class of light-sport aircraft is required by 14 

CFR part 61 to: 

1. hold a valid pilot certificate with ratings appropriate to the flight 

instructor category and class, privileges sought; 

2. receive a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor in 

the AREAS OF OPERATION specified in 14 CFR part 61 for 

the additional category/class privilege sought; 

3. successfully pass a proficiency check from an authorized 

instructor other than the instructor who conducted the training in 

the AREAS OF OPERATION specified in 14 CFR part 61 for 

the additional category/class privilege sought; and 

4. receive a logbook endorsement certifying proficiency in the 

required AREAS OF OPERATION and authorized for the 

additional category/class privilege. 

Sport Pilot Flight Instructor Prerequisites—Additional Privileges—

Registered Ultra-light Instructor 

If you are a registered ultra-light instructor with an FAA-recognized ultralight organization on or before September 1, 2004, and you want to 

apply for a flight instructor certificate with a sport pilot rating, not later 

than January 31, 2008 – 

1. You must hold either a current and valid Sport Pilot Certificate, 

a current Recreational Pilot Certificate and meet the 

requirements of 14 CFR part 61, section 61.101(c), or at least a 

current and valid Private Pilot Certificate issued under this part. 

2. You must meet the eligibility requirements in 14 CFR part 61, 

sections 61.403 and 61.23. You do not have to meet the 

aeronautical knowledge requirements specified in section 

61.407, the flight proficiency requirements specified in section 

61.409 and the aeronautical experience requirements specified 

in section 61.411, except you must meet the minimum total 

flight time requirements in the category and class of light-sport 

aircraft specified in section 61.411. 

3. You do not have to meet the aeronautical knowledge 

requirement specified in 14 CFR part 61, section 61.407(a) if 

you have passed an FAA-recognized ultra-light organization’s 

fundamentals of instruction knowledge test. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-6

4. You must submit a certified copy of your ultra light pilot records 

from the FAA-recognized ultra-light organization. Those records 

must— 

a. Document that you are a registered ultra-light flight 

instructor with that FAA-recognized ultra-light organization; 

and 

b. Indicate that you are recognized to operate and provide 

training in the category and class of aircraft for which you 

seek privileges. 

5. You must pass the knowledge test and practical test for a flight 

instructor certificate with a sport pilot rating applicable to the 

aircraft category and class for which you seek flight instructor 

privileges.

Flight Instructor Responsibility 

An appropriately rated flight instructor is responsible for training the flight 

instructor applicant to acceptable standards in ALL subject matter areas, 

procedures, and maneuvers included in the TASKs within each AREA 

OF OPERATION in the appropriate category/class in this practical test 

standard. In addition, the rated flight instructor is required to prepare the 

flight instructor applicant in all TASKs in the AREAS OF OPERATION 

listed in section 4. 

Because of the impact of their teaching activities in developing safe, 

proficient pilots, flight instructors should exhibit a high level of 

knowledge, skill, and the ability to impart that knowledge and skill to 

students. The flight instructor must certify that the applicant is: 

1. able to make a practical application of the fundamentals of 

instructing; 

2. competent to teach the subject matter, procedures, and 

maneuvers included in the standards to students with varying 

backgrounds and levels of experience and ability; 

3. able to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in the 

standards at a more precise level than that required at the sport 

pilot level; and 

4. competent to pass the required practical test for the issuance of 

the Flight Instructor Certificate—Sport Pilot with the associated 

category/class privilege or the addition of a category/class 

privileges at the Flight Instructor Certificate. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-7

Throughout the flight instructor applicant’s training, the flight instructor is 

responsible for emphasizing the performance of, and the ability to teach, 

effective visual scanning, runway incursion avoidance, and collision 

avoidance procedures. The flight instructor applicant should develop and 

use scenario based teaching methods particularly on special emphasis 

areas. These areas are covered in AC 90-48, Pilot's Role in Collision 

Avoidance; FAA-H-8083-3, Airplane Flying Handbook; FAA-H-8083-13, 

Glider Flying Handbook; FAA-H-8083-21, Rotorcraft Flying Handbook; 

FAA-H-8083-23, Seaplane, Skiplane and Float/Ski Equipped Helicopter 

Handbook; FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge; 

and the current Aeronautical Information Manual. 

Examiner Responsibility 

The examiner conducting the practical test or the authorized instructor 

conducting the proficiency check is responsible for determining that the 

applicant meets acceptable standards of teaching ability, knowledge, 

and skill in the selected TASKs. The examiner or authorized instructor

makes this determination by accomplishing an Objective that is 

appropriate to each selected TASK, and includes an evaluation of the 

applicant’s: 

1. ability to apply the fundamentals of instructing; 

2. knowledge of, and ability to teach, the subject matter, 

procedures, and maneuvers covered in the TASKs; 

3. ability to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in the 

standards at a more precise level than that indicated in the 

sport pilot tolerances; and 

4. ability to describe, recognize, analyze, and correct common 

errors related to the skill procedures and maneuvers covered in 

the TASKs. 

It is intended that oral questioning be used at any time during the ground 

or flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check to determine 

that the applicant can instruct effectively and has a comprehensive 

knowledge of the TASKs and their related safety factors. 

During the flight portion of the practical test or proficiency check, the 

examiner or authorized instructor shall act as a student during selected 

maneuvers. This will give the examiner or authorized instructor an 

opportunity to evaluate the flight instructor applicant’s ability to analyze 

and correct simulated common errors related to these maneuvers. The 

examiner or authorized instructor will place special emphasis on the 

applicant’s use of visual scanning and collision avoidance procedures, 

and the applicant’s ability to teach those procedures. 

Examiners or authorized instructors should, to the greatest extent 

possible, test the applicant’s application and correlation skills. When 

possible, scenario based questions should be used during the practical 

test or proficiency check. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-8

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

If the examiner or authorized instructor determines that a TASK is 

incomplete, or the outcome uncertain, the examiner or authorized 

instructor, may require the applicant to repeat that TASK, or portions of 

that TASK. This provision has been made in the interest of fairness and 

does not mean that instruction, practice or the repeating of an 

unsatisfactory TASK is permitted during the certification process. When 

practical, the remaining TASKs of the practical test or proficiency check 

phase should be completed before repeating the questionable TASK. 

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Check—Satisfactory 

Performance 

An applicant who seeks initial flight instructor certification will be 

evaluated in all AREAS OF OPERATION of the standards appropriate to 

the category/class rating(s) sought. The examiner shall refer to the 

examiner’s practical test checklist, for the appropriate category, located 

in this section, to determine the TASKs to be tested, in each AREA OF 

OPERATION. 

The practical test is passed if, in the judgment of the examiner, the 

applicant demonstrates satisfactory performance with regard to: 

1. knowledge of the fundamentals of instructing; 

2. knowledge of the technical subject areas; 

3. knowledge of the flight instructor's responsibilities concerning 

the pilot certification process; 

4. knowledge of the flight instructor's responsibilities concerning 

logbook entries and pilot certificate endorsements; 

5. ability to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in the 

standards at a more precise level than that indicated in the 

sport pilot tolerances while giving effective instruction; 

6. competence in teaching the procedures and maneuvers 

selected by the examiner; 

7. competence in describing, recognizing, analyzing, and 

correcting common errors simulated by the examiner; and 

8. knowledge of the development and effective use of a course of 

training, a syllabus, and a lesson plan. 

Initial Flight Instructor Certification Check—Unsatisfactory 

Performance 

If, in the judgment of the examiner, the applicant does not meet the 

standards of performance of any TASK performed, the applicable AREA 

OF OPERATION is considered unsatisfactory and therefore, the 

practical test is failed. The examiner or applicant may discontinue the 

test at any time when the failure of an AREA OF OPERATION makes 

the applicant ineligible for the certificate sought. The test will be 

continued only with the consent of the applicant.
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-9

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

If the test is discontinued, the applicant is entitled credit for only those 

AREAS OF OPERATION and their associated TASKs satisfactorily 

performed. However, during the retest and at the discretion of the 

examiner, any TASK may be re-evaluated, including those previously 

considered satisfactory. 

Specific reasons for disqualification is: 

1. failure to perform a procedure or maneuver at a more precise 

level than that indicated in the sport pilot tolerances while giving 

effective flight instruction; 

2. failure to provide an effective instructional explanation while 

demonstrating a procedure or maneuver (explanation during the 

demonstration must be clear, concise, technically accurate, and 

complete with no prompting from the examiner); 

3. any action or lack of action by the applicant which requires 

corrective intervention by the examiner to maintain safe flight; or 

4. failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to 

clear the area before and while performing maneuvers. 

When a Disapproval Notice is issued, the examiner shall record the 

applicant’s unsatisfactory performance in terms of AREA(s) OF 

OPERATION and specific TASK(s) not meeting the standard 

appropriate to the practical test conducted. If the applicant fails the 

practical test because of a special emphasis area, the Notice of 

Disapproval shall indicate the associated TASK. An example would be: 

AREA OF OPERATION VI, Traffic Patterns, failure to teach proper 

collision avoidance procedures. 

Proficiency Check—Satisfactory Performance When Adding an 

Additional Category/Class Privilege 

The authorized instructor shall refer to the instructor’s proficiency check 

checklist, for the appropriate category, located in this section, to 

determine the TASKs to be tested, in each AREA OF OPERATION. The 

proficiency check is passed if, in the judgment of the authorized 

instructor, the applicant demonstrates satisfactory performance with 

regard to: 

1. knowledge of the fundamentals of instructing; 

2. knowledge of the technical subject areas; 

3. knowledge of the flight instructor's responsibilities concerning 

the pilot certification process; 

4. knowledge of the flight instructor's responsibilities concerning 

logbook entries and pilot certificate endorsements; 

5. be able to perform the procedures and maneuvers included in 

the standards at a more precise level than that indicated in the 

sport pilot tolerances while giving effective instruction; 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-10

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

6. competence in teaching the procedures and maneuvers 

selected by the examiner; 

7. competence in describing, recognizing, analyzing, and correcting 

common errors simulated by the examiner; and 

8. knowledge of the development and effective use of a course of 

training, a syllabus, and a lesson plan. 

When an applicant is adding a category/class privileges to their Flight 

Instructor Certificate, the evaluating authorized instructor shall, upon 

successful completion of the proficiency check, endorse the applicant’s 

logbook indicating that the applicant is qualified to instruct in an 

additional sport pilot category/class of aircraft. The authorized instructor 

shall forward FAA Form 8710-11 to Airman Registry within 10 days. 

Proficiency Check—Unsatisfactory Performance When Adding an 

Additional Category/Class Privilege 

When the applicant’s performance does not meet the standard in the 

PTS, the authorized instructor conducting the proficiency check shall 

annotate the unsatisfactory performance on the FAA Form 8710-11 and 

forward it to Airman Registry within 10 days. A Notice of Disapproval will 

NOT be issued in this instance; rather, the applicant should be provided 

with a list of the AREAS OF OPERATION and the specific TASKs not 

meeting the standard, so that the applicant may receive additional 

training. 

Specific reasons for disqualification is: 

1. failure to perform a procedure or maneuver at a more precise 

level than that indicated in the sport pilot tolerances while giving 

effective flight instruction; 

2. failure to provide an effective instructional explanation while 

demonstrating a procedure or maneuver (explanation during the 

demonstration must be clear, concise, technically accurate, and 

complete with no prompting from the authorized instructor); 

3. any action or lack of action by the applicant which requires 

corrective intervention by the examiner to maintain safe flight; or 

4. failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to 

clear the area before and while performing maneuvers. 

When the applicant receives the additional training in the AREAS OF 

OPERATION and the specific TASK(s) found deficient during the 

proficiency check, the recommending instructor shall endorse the 

applicant’s logbook indicating that the applicant has received additional 

instruction and has been found competent to pass the proficiency check. 

The applicant shall complete a new FAA Form 8710-11, and the 

recommending instructor shall endorse the application. The authorized 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-11

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

instructor, other than the one who provided the additional training, shall 

evaluate the applicant. When the applicant successfully accomplishes a 

complete proficiency check, the authorized instructor, shall forward the 

FAA Form 8710-11 to Airman Registry within 10 days and indorse the 

applicant’s logbook indicating the airman’s additional privileges. 

Renewal or Reinstatement of a Flight Instructor Certificate 

14 CFR part 61, sections 61.197(a) (1) and 61.199(a) allow an individual 

that holds a Flight Instructor Certificate to renew or reinstate that 

certificate by passing a practical test. The examiner shall develop a plan 

of action that includes at least one TASK, in each AREA OF 

OPERATION, in the examiner’s practical test checklist, for the 

appropriate category, located in this section. The Renewal or 

Reinstatement of one rating on a Flight Instructor Certificate renews or 

reinstates all privileges existing on the certificate. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-13

I. AREA OF OPERATION: FUNDAMENTALS OF 

INSTRUCTING 

NOTE: The examiner shall select TASK F and one other TASK. 

A. TASK: THE LEARNING PROCESS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of the learning process by describing: 

1. Learning theory. 

2. Characteristics of learning. 

3. Principles of learning. 

4. Levels of learning. 

5. Learning physical skills. 

6. Memory. 

7. Transfer of learning. 

B. TASK: HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of the teaching process by describing: 

1. Human behavior— 

a. control of human behavior. 

b. human needs. 

c. defense mechanisms. 

d. the flight instructor as a practical psychologist. 

2. Effective communication— 

a. basic elements of communication. 

b. barriers of effective communication. 

c. developing communication skills. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-14

C. TASK: THE TEACHING PROCESS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of the teaching process by describing: 

1. Preparation of a lesson for a ground or flight instructional 

period. 

2. Presentation methods. 

3. Application, by the student, of the material or procedure 

presented. 

4. Review and evaluation of student performance. 

D. TASK: TEACHING METHODS 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of teaching methods by describing: 

1. Material organization. 

2. The lecture method. 

3. The cooperative or group learning method. 

4. The guided discussion method. 

5. The demonstration-performance method. 

6. Computer-based training method. 

E. TASK: CRITIQUE AND EVALUATION 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of critique and evaluation by explaining: 

1. Critique— 

a. purpose and characteristics of an effective critique. 

b. methods and ground rules for a critique. 

2. Evaluation— 

a. characteristics of effective oral questions and what types to 

avoid. 

b. responses to student questions. 

c. characteristics and development of effective written 

questions. 

d. characteristics and uses of performance test, specifically, 

the FAA practical test standards. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-15

Change 1 (6/9/06) 

F. TASK: FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR CHARACTERISTICS AND 

 RESPONSIBILITIES 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of flight instructor characteristics and 

responsibilities by describing: 

1. Aviation instructor responsibilities in— 

a. providing adequate instruction. 

b. establishing standards of performance. 

c. emphasizing the positive. 

d. develop plans of action for use during proficiency checks. 

e. completion of FAA Form 8710-11. 

2. Flight instructor responsibilities in— 

a. providing student pilot evaluation and supervision. 

b. preparing practical test recommendations and endorsements. 

c. determining requirements for conducting additional training 

and endorsement requirements. 

d. conducting proficiency checks for additional category/class 

privileges. 

3. Professionalism as an instructor by— 

a. explaining important personal characteristics. 

b. describing methods to minimize student frustration. 

G. TASK: PLANNING INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITY 

REFERENCE: FAA-H-8083-9. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of planning instructional activity by 

describing: 

1. Developing objectives and standards for a course of training. 

2. Theory of building blocks of learning. 

3. Requirements for developing a training syllabus. 

4. Purpose and characteristics of a lesson plan. 
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-16

II. AREA OF OPERATION: TECHNICAL SUBJECT AREAS 

NOTE: The examiner shall select TASK D and at least one other TASK. 

A. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements related to aeromedical factors by describing: 

1. How to obtain an appropriate medical certificate. 

2. How to obtain a medical certificate in the event of a possible 

medical deficiency. 

3. The causes, symptoms, effects, and corrective action of the 

following medical factors— 

a. hypoxia. 

b. hyperventilation. 

c. middle ear and sinus problems. 

d. spatial disorientation. 

e. motion sickness. 

f. carbon monoxide poisoning. 

g. fatigue and stress. 

h. dehydration. 

i. hypothermia. 

4. The effects of alcohol and drugs, and their relationship to flight 

safety. 

5. The effect of nitrogen excesses incurred during scuba dives 

and how this affects pilots and passengers during flight. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-17

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

B. TASK: VISUAL SCANNING AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE 

REFERENCES: FAA-H-8083-3, FAA-H-8083-25; AC 90-48; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements of visual scanning and collision avoidance 

by describing: 

1. Relationship between a pilot’s physical condition and vision. 

2. Environmental conditions that degrade vision. 

3. Vestibular and visual illusions. 

4. “See and avoid” concept. 

5. Proper visual scanning procedures. 

6. Relationship between poor visual scanning habits and 

increased collision risk. 

7. Proper clearing procedures. 

8. Importance of knowing aircraft blind spots. 

9. Relationship between aircraft speed differential and collision 

risk. 

10. Situations that involve the greatest collision risk. 

C. TASK: FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS AND 

PUBLICATIONS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91; NTSB part 830; AC 00-2; 

FAA-H-8083-25; Aircraft Flight Manual/POH; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements related to the Code of Federal Regulations 

and publications: 

1. Availability and method of revision of 14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91, 

and NTSB part 830 by describing— 

a. purpose. 

b. general content. 

2. Availability of flight information publications, advisory circulars, 

practical test standards, pilot operating handbooks, and FAAapproved aircraft flight manuals by describing— 

a. availability. 

b. purpose. 

c. general content.
FAA-S-8081-29 Section 4 4-18

D. TASK: LOGBOOK ENTRIES AND CERTIFICATE 

 ENDORSEMENTS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 61; AC 61-65. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the elements related to logbook entries and certificate 

endorsements by describing: 

1. Required logbook entries for instruction given. 

2. Required student pilot certificate endorsements, including 

appropriate logbook entries. 

3. Preparation of a recommendation for a pilot practical 

test/proficiency check, including appropriate logbook entry for— 

a. initial pilot certification. 

b. additional pilot certification. 

c. additional aircraft category/class privileges. 

d. make and model privileges. 

e. single-seat aircraft. 

4. Required endorsement of a pilot logbook for the satisfactory 

completion of the required FAA flight review/proficiency check. 

5. Required flight instructor records. 
Section 4 FAA-S-8081-29 4-19

Change 2 (2/19/08) 

III. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A 

MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT 

NOTE: Examiner shall select at least one maneuver TASK, and ask 

the applicant to present a preflight lesson on the selected maneuver as 

the lesson would be taught to a student. 

A. TASK: MANEUVER LESSON

REFERENCE: FAA-S-8081-12, FAA-S-8081-14; FAA-H-8083-3, 

FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-13, FAA-H-8083-21, FAA-H-8083-25; 

Glider Flight Manual/POH. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional 

knowledge of the selected maneuver by: 

1. Stating the purpose. 

2. Giving an accurate, comprehensive oral description including 

the elements and common errors. 

3. Using instructional aids, as appropriate. 

4. Describing the recognition, analysis, and correction of common 

errors. 

Note: Refer to the appropriate checklist for those the additional 

items that must be tested in sections 1, 2, or 3 of the PTS. 

Comment [

“Airplane/Gyr