[Cite as State ex rel. Washington v. D’Apolito, 2019-Ohio-5247.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO 

SEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT 

MAHONING COUNTY

STATE OF OHIO, ex rel. WAYMAN E. WASHINGTON, 

Relator, 

v. 

JUDGE LOU A. D’APOLITO, COMMON PLEAS COURT JUDGE, 

Respondent.

 

OPINION AND JUDGMENT ENTRY 

Case No. 17 MA 0176 

 

Writ of Mandamus 

BEFORE: 

Cheryl L. Waite, Gene Donofrio, Carol Ann Robb, Judges. 

JUDGMENT: 

Dismissed. 

Wayman E. Washington, Pro se, Inmate No. 632-492, Richland Correctional Institution, 

P.O. Box 8107, Mansfield, Ohio 44901-8107, and 6324 Klines Drive, Girard, Ohio 

44420, for Relator. 

Atty. Paul J. Gains, Mahoning County Prosecutor and Atty. Ralph M. Rivera, Assistant 

Prosecuting Attorney, 21 West Boardman Street, 6th Floor, Youngstown, Ohio 44503, 

for Respondent. 

 

Dated: December 12, 2019 
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Case No. 17 MA 0176

 

PER CURIAM. 

{¶1} Relator Wayman E. Washington, proceeding on his own behalf, filed a 

petition for a writ of mandamus on December 13, 2017, seeking to have this Court direct 

Respondent Mahoning County Common Pleas Court Judge R. Scott Krichbaum to vacate 

a decree of foreclosure for lack of personal jurisdiction, arguing he was never served with 

the foreclosure complaint. Respondent filed a combined answer and motion to dismiss. 

On February 5, 2018, Relator filed an amended complaint changing the named 

respondent from Judge Krichbaum to Judge Lou A. D’Apolito, because it was Judge 

D’Apolito’s predecessor in office who had entered the foreclosure decree. This Court 

dismissed Relator’s original complaint on the basis that he had an adequate remedy at 

law by way of direct appeal, implicitly dismissing Relator’s amended complaint on the 

same basis. State ex rel. Washington v. Krichbaum, 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 17 MA 0176, 

2018-Ohio-626. 

{¶2} Relator appealed to the Ohio Supreme Court. In a split decision, the Court 

reversed our determination, holding “the availability of a direct appeal is not an adequate 

remedy when there was a jurisdictional defect.” State ex rel. Washington v. D’Apolito, 

156 Ohio St.3d 77, 2018-Ohio-5135, 123 N.E.3d 947, ¶ 8. The Court acknowledged that 

an entry on a copy of the docket attached to Relator’s complaint might reflect that proper 

service was achieved prior to the default judgment, but it also indicates that a number of 

other attempts to serve him by certified mail and personally were unsuccessful. Id. at 

¶ 10. While the Court acknowledged the evidentiary value of the docket entries, it found 

their evidentiary value was diminished because the docket also contained entries 
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indicating unsuccessful attempts at service. Id. at ¶ 11. The Court concluded that this 

evidence was insufficient to allow dismissal of the mandamus complaint because it would 

prematurely require us to weigh the evidence and make an inference against Relator. Id. 

{¶3} The Court remanded the case back to us for further proceedings. As an 

initial matter, we note that we are proceeding on Relator’s timely filed amended complaint, 

which substituted Judge Lou A. D’Apolito for Judge R. Scott Krichbaum as Respondent. 

Id. at ¶ 15. The underlying foreclosure case was presided over entirely by Judge Timothy 

E. Franken and he was the judge who entered the foreclosure decree. Judge Lou A. 

D’Apolito succeeded Judge Franken on December 1, 2008. Since the case had been 

closed, Judge D’Apolito never had a reason or an occasion to preside over any 

proceedings relating to the foreclosure case. However, because Judge D’Apolito held 

the seat formerly held by Judge Franken when Relator filed this mandamus action, he 

sought to have Judge D’Apolito substituted as the appropriate party-respondent. We also 

note that regardless of which name of one of the five judges who sit on the Mahoning 

County Common Pleas Court, General Division, appears in the caption of this case as 

respondent, the prosecuting attorney remains statutory counsel for the Respondent. R.C. 

309.09(A); State ex rel. Gains v. Maloney, 102 Ohio St.3d 254, 2004-Ohio-2658, 809 

N.E.2d 24, ¶ 12. 

{¶4} This Court filed a judgment entry granting the parties forty-eight (48) days 

to file motions for summary judgment and responsive motions, and set the matter for a 

non-oral hearing. Respondent has timely filed a Civ.R. 56 motion for summary judgment. 

Relator has not filed any response, nor has he filed any other pleadings in this matter on 

remand. 
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{¶5} Turning to the facts in this matter, in 2007, Relator and his wife were named 

as defendants in a Mahoning County Common Pleas Court foreclosure suit. Deutsche 

Bank Natl. Trust Co. v Washington, Mahoning C.P. No. 2007 CV 03029. The case 

resulted in a default judgment and decree of foreclosure against the Washingtons. No 

appeals were taken. 

{¶6} Over nine years after the property was sold at sheriff’s sale, Relator filed in 

this Court a complaint for a writ of mandamus on December of 2017, seeking to compel 

Respondent to vacate the judgment entry against him in his foreclosure case on the 

grounds that “personal jurisdiction was never obtained against the Relator” because 

“Relator * * * was never properly served a copy of the complaint [nor] did the relator 

appear in the case.” (12/13/17 Writ of Mandamus, p. 1.) In support, Relator attached a 

copy of the docket from the foreclosure action, which revealed two instances of successful 

service on Relator, along with some unsuccessful attempts. 

{¶7} In order to be entitled to summary judgment, the moving party must 

demonstrate that (1) no genuine issue of material fact exists, (2) the movant is entitled to 

judgment as a matter of law, and (3) even construing the evidence most strongly in favor 

of the nonmovant, reasonable minds could come to but one conclusion, and that 

conclusion is adverse to the nonmoving party. State ex rel. Cochran v. Boardman Twp. 

Bd. of Trustees, 196 Ohio App.3d 185, 2011-Ohio-4255, 962 N.E.2d 852, ¶ 7 (7th Dist.), 

quoting State ex rel. Grady v. State Emp. Relations Bd., 78 Ohio St.3d 181, 183, 677 

N.E.2d 343 (1997). Further, the nonmoving party may not merely rest on its allegations: 

a properly supported motion for summary judgment forces the nonmoving party to 
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produce evidence on any issue for which it bears the burden of proof. Dresher v. Burt, 

75 Ohio St.3d 280, 293-294, 662 N.E.2d 264 (1996). 

{¶8} In regard to a writ of mandamus, a relator seeking a writ of mandamus bears 

the burden of establishing a clear legal right to the relief requested, a clear legal duty on 

the part of the respondent to provide the relief, and that the relator lacks an adequate 

remedy in the ordinary course of the law. State ex rel. Bradford v. Dinkelacker, 146 Ohio 

St.3d 219, 2016-Ohio-2916, 54 N.E.3d 1216, ¶ 5. An adequate remedy at law is defined 

as one that is “complete, beneficial, and speedy.” State ex rel. Kerns v. Simmers, 153 

Ohio St.3d 103, 2018-Ohio-256, 101 N.E.3d 430, ¶ 10. Further, “[i]f any of these elements 

is not shown, the petition must be denied.” State ex rel. Felson v. McHenry, 146 Ohio 

App.3d 542, 545, 767 N.E.2d 298 (1st Dist.2001). 

{¶9} Our inquiry begins with whether there is a genuine issue of material fact 

regarding whether service of the 2007 foreclosure complaint was validly obtained on 

Relator. “[S]ervice of the summons and complaint required to initiate a lawsuit must 

satisfy ‘[a]n elementary and fundamental requirement of due process,’ which is, ‘notice 

reasonably calculated, under all the circumstances, to apprise interested parties of the 

pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present their objections.’ ” 

Spotsylvania Mall Co. v. Nobahar, 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 11 MA 82, 2013-Ohio-1280, 

¶ 17, citing Samson Sales, Inc. v. Honeywell, Inc., 66 Ohio St.2d 290, 293, 421 N.E.2d 

522 (1981); Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306, 314, 70 S.Ct. 

652, 94 L.Ed. 865 (1950). “[U]nless service has been properly made or the party has 

otherwise waived service by appearing in the lawsuit, no judgment may be entered 

against him.” Spotsylvania at ¶ 20. Lastly, “there is a presumption of proper service when 
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the civil rules governing service are followed, but this presumption is rebuttable by 

sufficient evidence.” Graham Dealerships, CI v. Chavero, 5th Dist. Richland No. 2007-

CA-0098, 2008-Ohio-2966, ¶ 7. 

{¶10} In a decision from the Twelfth District Court of Appeals cited by Respondent, 

the Court addressed service in the context of a foreclosure case. In Bank of New York 

Mellon v Maxfield, 12th Dist. Butler No. CA2016-01-004, 2016-Ohio-2990, the 

defendants-appellants asserted that they were not properly served in the foreclosure case 

regarding their real property. To support this contention, they submitted affidavits stating 

that at the time service was made, they were out-of-state. Id. at ¶ 4. Plaintiff-appellee 

bank, however, asserted that proper service had been made, and provided 

documentation from the process server who had personally served the appellants. Id. at 

¶ 5. 

{¶11} The Court held that the appellants’ affidavits were not sufficient to rebut the 

presumption of proper service, stating: 

The [appellants’] averments are unsupported with further corroborating 

evidence, such as a lease, utility bill, or receipts to show any indication that 

[they] were staying in Tennessee at the time of service * * *. 

Moreover, at no time did [appellants] claim that the West Church Street 

address was not a valid address for them, nor did they claim that the West 

Church Street address was not their usual place of residence or that they 

did not reside together. * * * The affidavits merely offered the unsupported 
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statement that neither was in Ohio at the time service was purported to 

occur. 

Id. at ¶ 16-17. 

{¶12} In short, in order to rebut the presumption of proper service, one needs to 

do more than simply state that service did not occur; evidence is required. Without this 

evidence, the presumption that service was proper controls. 

{¶13} Here, although Relator claims that he was not served, he has not provided 

any evidence to support this contention beyond his references to the uncertified copy of 

the docket he attached to both his original and amended complaint. Again, this document 

does contain some entries showing some attempts at service were unsuccessful. Again, 

Relator has not filed any further pleadings in this matter on remand. 

{¶14} Conversely, a certified copy of the docket of the foreclosure case attached 

to Respondent’s summary judgment motion as Exhibit No. 2, contains an entry clearly 

reflecting proper service was obtained. Respondent also attached to his summary 

judgment motion Exhibit No. 2, a certified copy of the return of personal service made 

upon Relator by Process Server Richard S. Fabian of Provest LLC, on August 31, 2007 

at 4:00 p.m. and filed-stamped by the clerk of courts on September 11, 2007. This 

evidence demonstrates successful completion of personal service pursuant to Civ.R. 

4.1(B). Because Relator has failed to provide any further evidence to the contrary in 

summary judgment, he has not overcome the presumption that proper service was 

obtained in the foreclosure action. 

{¶15} Our only remaining inquiry is whether Relator had any other adequate 

remedy at law. It is well established that “[m]andamus cannot be used as a substitute for 
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appeal.” State ex rel. Richfield v. Laria, 138 Ohio St.3d 168, 2014-Ohio-243, 4 N.E.3d 

1040, ¶ 11. Mandamus also “does not lie to correct errors and procedural irregularities 

in the course of a case. If the relator has or had an adequate remedy, relief in mandamus 

is precluded — regardless of whether the relator used the remedy.” State ex rel. Davet 

v. Sutula, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 96548, 2011-Ohio-2803, at ¶ 10. 

{¶16} Relator had two adequate remedies at law available to him: a direct appeal 

and a Civ.R. 60(B) motion for relief from judgment. 

{¶17} For all the foregoing reasons and construing the evidence most favorably 

for Relator, reasonable minds can only conclude that Relator has failed to establish 

improper service of the foreclosure complaint or that he lacked other adequate remedies 

at law. No genuine issue of any material fact exists in this matter and Respondent is 

entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Accordingly, Respondent’s motion for summary 

judgment is granted and Relator’s amended complaint for a writ of mandamus is 

dismissed. Costs taxed against Relator. Final order. Clerk to serve copies of this 

decision and judgment entry pursuant to the civil rules. 

 

JUDGE CHERYL L. WAITE 

JUDGE GENE DONOFRIO 

JUDGE CAROL ANN ROBB