* T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E N IN T H C IR C U IT C R A I G E . K L E F F M A N , i ndi vi dua l l ya nd on be ha l f of a l l othe r s s i m i l a r l ys i tua t e d, P la in tif

f - A p p e llan t, v. V O N A G E H O L D IN G S C O R P . , a N ew J e r s e yc o rp o r a t i o n ; VO NA GE AME R I C A, IN C . , a w h o l l y o w n edsub si d i ary; V O N A G E M A R K E T I N G , I N C ., aw h o lly o w n edsub si d i ary, D efen d an t s - A p p el l ees. N o. 07- 56171 D. C . No . C V- 0 7 - 0 2 4 0 6 - GA F ME MOR AN DU M *

C R A I G E . K L E F F M A N , i ndi vi dua l l ya nd on be ha l f of a l l othe r s s i m i l a r l ys i tua t e d, P l ai nt i ff

- A pp el l ee , v. V O N A G E H O L D IN G S C O R P . , a N ew J e r s e yc o rp o r a t i o n ; VO NA GE AME R I C A, IN C . , a w h o l l y o w n edsub si d i ary; V O N A G E M A R K E T I N G , I N C ., aw h o lly o w n edsub si d i ary, D e f

e n d a n ts - A p p e llan ts . N o. 07- 56292 D. C . No . C V- 0 7 - 0 2 4 0 6 - GA F



# FI LED JU L 13 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALST he panel un ani m ou sl y f i nd s thi s c as e s ui t abl e f

or deci si on w i tho utoral ** a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2). T hi s c a s e w a s s ubm i tt e d t o apane l tha ti nc l ude d Judge B rune tt i , w ho *** r e c e n tlyp a s s e da w a y . Ju d g e B e r z o n w a s d r aw n b ylo t to r e p la c e Ju d g e B ru n e tti. Judge B e r z on ha s r e a d the br i e f s a nd r e vi e w e d the r e c or d. T he H onor abl e S uz a nne B . C onl on, U ni t e d S t a t e s D i s tr i c tJudge f orthe   N orthe rn D i s tr i c tof

I l l i noi s , s i tt i ng byde s i gna t i on. 2 A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e C e n tr a l D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia G a ryA . F e e s s , D i s tr i c tJudge , P r e s i di ng S ubm i tt e d D e c e m be r10, 2008 **  P a s a d e n a , C a lif

o rn ia B e f o r e : S I L VE R MAN an dB E R Z ON , C i r c u i tJu d g e s , a n dC ON L ON , *** **** D i stri ctJudg e. C r a i g E . K l e f

f m a n appe a l s di s m i s s a l of hi s put a t i ve c l a s s a c t i on f orvi ol a t i on o f C al i fo rn i a’ s an t i -sp am l aw , C al . B u s. & P ro f. C o d e § 1 7 5 2 9 . 5 (a)(2 ), ag ai n st V on age H ol di ng s C orp. , V on age A m er i ca , Inc. , and V on age M arket i ng , Inc. ( “V o n a g e ” ) , a n dd e n ia l o f le a v e to a m e n dh is c o m p la in t to a d da n u n f a ir c o m p e titio n c la im f

o rin ju n c tiv e r e lie f

u n d e rC a l. B u s . & P r o f . C o d e § 1 7 2 0 3 . V o n a g e c r o s s - ap p e a ls d e n ia l o f its m o tio n f

o ra tto rn e y s ’ f

e e s u n d e rth e C a lif

o rn ia C ons um e r s L e ga l R e m e di e s A c t( “ C ons um e r s A c t ” ) , C a l . C i v. C ode § 1780( d) ( now § 1780( e ) ) . W e ha ve j ur i s di c t i on pur s uantt o 28 U . S . C . § 1291.3

W e r e v ie w d is m is s a l o f K le f f m an ’s c o m p la in t de no vo . Kn i e v e l v . ES PN, 393 F . 3d 1068, 1072 ( 9th C i r . 2005) . D e ni a l of l e a ve t o a m e nd the c om pl a i ntand d e n ia l o f V o n a g e ’s r e q u e s t f

o ra tto rn e y s ’ f

e e s a r e r e v ie w e df

o rab u s e o f

d is c r e tio n . J o h n s o n v . Co lu m b i a Pr o p s . An c h o ra g e, LP , 43 7 F . 3d 89 4, 89 8 (9th C i r. 20 06 ); L eva ld , In c. v. C i t

y o f P a lm D esert , 9 9 8 F .2 d6 8 0 , 6 9 1 ( 9 th C ir . 1 9 9 3 ) . W e a f f irm . K l ef fm an al l eged V on age vi ol at ed § 1 75 29 . 5(a) (2) by s endi ng hi m el even un sol i ci t ed e- m ai l advert i se m ent s f or i t s broadband t el epho ne se rvi ce s f rom el even d if f e r e n t d o m a in n a m e s to b yp a s s s p a m f ilte r s . T h e a n ti- s p a m law p r o h ib its e - m a il advert i se m ent s c on t ai ni ng or ac com pani ed by fa l si fi ed, m i sr epre se nt ed, or forged he a de ri nf

orm at i on. C a l . B us . & P r of . C ode § 17529. 5( a ) ( 2) . I n l i ghtof C al i fo rn i a’ s an t i -sp am l aw ’ s recen ten actm en t , th e l acko f i n t erp ret i v e au th o ri ty, th e l i k e l i h o o dth e i s s u e wo u l dr e c u r , a n dth e d i s p o s i t i v e n a tu r e o f th e i s s u e , we r e q u e s te dth e C a lif

o rn iaS up r e m e C o u rt to a n s w e rth e f o llo w in g c e rtif

ie dq u e s tio n : D o e s s e n d in g u n s o lic ite dc o m m e r c ia l e - m a il a d v e rtis e m e n ts f r o m m u ltip le d o m a in na m e s f orthe purpos e of

bypa s s i ng s pa m f

i l t e r s c ons t i tut e f

a l s i f i e d, m i sr epre se nt ed, or forged header i nform at i on un der C al . B us. & P rof. C od e § 1 7 5 2 9 . 5 ( a ) ( 2 ) ? T he C a l i f

orni aS upr e m e C ourta c c e pt e d the c e rt i f i e d que s t i on and u n a n im o u s lyh e ldth a t V o n a g e ’s a lle g e dc o n du c t d idn o t v io la te § 1 7 5 2 9 .5 ( a ) ( 2 ) .4

Kle f f m an v . V onage H oldi ngs C or

p. , N o. S 169195, 2010 W L 2471753 ( C a l . June 2 1 , 2 0 1 0 ). Iti s u n d i sp u t edth atV o n ag e’ s d o m ai n n am es are p arto f th e e-m ai l s’ h e a d e rin f

o rm atio n , a c tu a llye x is t, an da r e te c h n ic a llya c c u r a te , lite r a llyc o rr e c t, and ful l y tra ce abl e t o V on age’ s m arket i ng agent s. T he on l y di sput e i s w hether V o n ag e’ s e-m ai l s co n t ai n o r are acco m p an i edb y m isr eprese nted header in f o rm a tio n . I

d. at*2 . T he C al i forni a S up re m e C ou rthel d thatan e- m ai l w i th an a c c ur a t e a nd tr a c e abl e dom a i n na m e doe s notm i s r e pr e s e nthe a de ri nf orm a t i on u n d e r§ 1 7 5 2 9 .5 ( a ) ( 2 ) b e c au s e it m a k e s n o f a ls e r e p r e s e n ta tio n o f

f a c t. Kle f f m an , 2010 W L 2471753, a t*3- 4. T he c ourtr e j e c t e d K l e f

f m an’ s a tt e m ptt o de f

i ne m i s r e pr e s e nt e d he a de ri nf orm a t i on t o i nc l ude m i s l e a di ng he a de ri nf orm a t i on be c aus e the l e gi s l a t i ve hi s t orydoe s nots upportK l e f f m an’ s e xpa ns i ve c ons truc t i on o f th e s ta tu te . I

d. a t * 5 - 6 . T he C a l i f

orni aS upr e m e C ourtha s now de f i ni t i ve l yde c i de d the c ontr ol l i ng issu e o f s tate law th at w as b ef o re u s. A cc o rd in g ly, d ism issa l o f K leff m an ’s c o m p la in t an dd e n ia l o f le a v e to a m e n dh is § 1 7 5 2 9 .5 ( a ) ( 2 ) c la im a r e a f f irm e d . W e nee d n otaddres s w hether the C on trol l i ng the A ss aul tof N on -S ol i ci t ed P orno graphy and M arket i ng (“ C A N -S P A M ”) A ctof 20 03 , 15 U . S . C . § 7 70 7(b)(1), pree m pt s § 17 52 9. 5(a) (2). T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt d idn o t ab u s e its d is c r e tio n in d e n y in g K le f f m an le a v e to5

am end h i s c om pl ai ntt o add an un fa i r c om pet i t i on cl ai m for i nj un ct i ve re l i ef un der C al . B us. & P rof. C od e §§ 1 72 03 , 17 20 4. A m endm entw ou l d b e f ut i l e. K l ef

fm an l a c ks s t a ndi ng t o br i ng the c l a i m be c aus e he a l l e ge s no de pr i va t i on of m one yor p r o p e rtya s ar e s u lt o f

V o n a g e ’s c o n du c t. I

d. T h e d i stri ctco u rtd i dn o tab u se i t s d i scret i o n i n d en yi n g V o n ag e att o rn eys’ fe es i ncurred i n o bt ai ni ng di sm i ss alof the C on sum er s A ctcl ai m . T hatcl ai m w as d i sm i ssedb ecau se K l effm an i s n o ta co n su m er u n d er th e st atu t e. T o th e co n trary, he a l l e ge d he a nd the put a t i ve c l a s s m e m be r s ne i the rs oughtnora c qui r e d a ny goods ors e rvi c e s of

f e r e d byV ona ge . C a l . C i v. C ode § 1761( d) . V ona ge i s not ent i t l ed t o att orneys ’ fe es because i tfa i l ed t o est abl i sh thatK l ef fm an prosecut ed th is c a s e in s ub

je c tiv e b a df

a ith . I d. § 1 7 8 0 ( d ) ; C orbet t

v. H ayw ard D od

ge, Inc. , 14 C al . Rptr. 3d 74 1, 74 7-49 (C al . C t . A pp . 20 04 ). AF F I RME D.