\III 

118TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. CON. RES. 24 

Condemning the hostilities in Sudan and standing with the people of Sudan 

in their calls for peace and their democratic aspirations. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

DECEMBER 19, 2023 

Mr. CARDIN (for himself and Mr. RISCH) submitted the following concurrent 

resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION 

Condemning the hostilities in Sudan and standing with the 

people of Sudan in their calls for peace and their democratic aspirations. 

Whereas, on April 15, 2023, hostilities broke out in Sudan 

between the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a paramilitary 

force formed from the Janjaweed militia that committed 

acts of genocide in Darfur since 2003, and the Sudanese 

Armed Forces (SAF), which like the RSF has a history 

of committing atrocities both in Sudan’s civil wars and 

against pro-democracy protestors from 2019–2022; 

Whereas, according to United Nations Secretary-General 

Anto ́nio Guterres, on April 17, 2023, just days following 

the outbreak of fighting, the humanitarian situation in 

Sudan was ‘‘already precarious and is now catastrophic’’; 


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Whereas, on April 23, 2023, the United States temporarily 

suspended operations at its embassy in Khartoum and 

evacuated embassy personnel from the country; 

Whereas the war has created the world’s largest displacement 

crisis, with over 7,000,000 people, including 3,000,000 

children, displaced since the war began, and over half of 

the population in Sudan needs humanitarian assistance; 

Whereas widespread rape and sexual violence is being used as 

a weapon of war, and over 4,200,000 women and girls in 

Sudan are at risk for sexual violence according to the 

United Nations; 

Whereas Sudan was identified by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum’s Early Warning Project as one 

of the top ten countries at risk for new mass killings in 

its 2022–2023 report, and the Museum warned in June 

2023 about the dire risk of genocide in Darfur; 

Whereas Secretary of State Blinken issued an atrocities determination for Sudan on December 6, 2023, finding that 

the SAF and RSF have committed war crimes in Sudan, 

and that the RSF and allied militias have committed 

crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing; 

Whereas impunity for violations of international humanitarian law has characterized the conflict in Sudan; 

Whereas the United States and Saudi Arabia have engaged 

in multiple rounds of ‘‘emergency diplomacy’’ in Jeddah 

since May, during which the parties to the conflict have 

repeatedly made confidence-building, ceasefire, and humanitarian commitments that were immediately violated; 

Whereas, in October 2023, the United National Human 

Rights Council adopted a resolution establishing an independent Fact-Finding Mission with a mandate to invesVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:20 Dec 20, 2023 Jkt 049200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\SC24.IS SC24

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tigate abuses committed in the context of the war in 

Sudan; 

Whereas leadership in neither the SAF or RSF represent the 

people of Sudan nor have a legitimate claim to leadership 

of the country, and there is no military solution to the 

political situation in Sudan; 

Whereas reports indicate some international actors have 

taken actions that constitute repeated violations of the 

existing United Nations arms embargo for Darfur; and 

Whereas the outbreak of hostilities has destabilized Sudan, 

and represents a threat to regional stability more broadly: Now, therefore, be it 

1 Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives 

2 concurring), That Congress— 

3 (1) condemns the hostilities in Sudan since 

4 April 15, 2023, the brazen and brutal attacks on ci5 vilians, including systemic use of rape as a weapon 

6 of war, and the widespread destruction of civilian 

7 residences, businesses, and infrastructure; 

8 (2) stands with the people of Sudan in their 

9 calls for peace and their democratic aspirations; 

10 (3) calls for the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) 

11 and Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) to— 

12 (A) permanently cease hostilities; 

13 (B) stop attacks on civilians; 

14 (C) remove all roadblocks and checkpoints, 

15 and allow for the safe passage of civilians and 


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1 the unfettered delivery of humanitarian assist2 ance; and 

3 (D) comply with international humani4 tarian law and cease all atrocities against civil5 ians; 

6 (4) calls on the President to name an experi7 enced, high level United States Special Envoy for 

8 Sudan, that reports directly to the President or the 

9 Secretary of State, to coordinate a comprehensive 

10 United States policy and diplomatic efforts and to 

11 work with international partners to address the com12 plex crisis in Sudan; 

13 (5) calls on the Secretary of State to— 

14 (A) regularly review and update the atroc15 ities determination for Sudan, to include wheth16 er atrocities committed constitute genocide; 

17 (B) provide continued assistance to organi18 zations documenting violations of international 

19 humanitarian law, and to share, as appropriate, 

20 information with international bodies inves21 tigating atrocities, including war crimes and 

22 crimes against humanity; 

23 (C) support enhanced end use monitoring 

24 of weapons sold by the United States to deter25 mine if United States defense articles, defense 


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1 services, or any other type of security sector as2 sistance have been diverted to the SAF and 

3 RSF; 

4 (D) coordinate with— 

5 (i) the Administrator of the United 

6 States Agency for International Develop7 ment on efforts to establish and maintain 

8 humanitarian access, and to support an in9 clusive, civilian-led political dialogue; 

10 (ii) the Department of the Treasury 

11 to develop a comprehensive strategy uti12 lizing existing sanctions authorities appli13 cable to Sudan, with priority given to the 

14 designation of the leadership in the RSF 

15 and SAF, and to actors which supply, or 

16 facilitate the supply of arms and materiel 

17 to belligerents, for targeted sanctions; and 

18 (iii) the United States Permanent 

19 Representative to the United Nations to 

20 ensure the United Nations Security Coun21 cil reports violations of the Darfur arms 

22 embargo and works to prioritize efforts to 

23 protect civilians, and to pursue efforts to 

24 establish a credible mechanism for ac25 countability for atrocities, including any 


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1 that may constitute genocide, war crimes, 

2 or crimes against humanity; and 

3 (E) work, through a high level United 

4 States Special Envoy for Sudan, with partners 

5 to engage members of the international commu6 nity to join United States efforts to end the 

7 conflict and promote accountability, including 

8 by setting clear criteria for establishing a more 

9 inclusive alternative to the Jeddah talks; and 

10 (6) calls on international allies and partners, 

11 particularly neighboring countries and partners in 

12 the Gulf Cooperation Council and others with direct 

13 interests in the Sudan conflict, to— 

14 (A) join United States efforts to— 

15 (i) pressure the parties to cease hos16 tilities; 

17 (ii) explore options to protect civilians 

18 from mass atrocities; 

19 (iii) empower Sudanese civilians to es20 tablish a path toward a peaceful demo21 cratic transition; 

22 (iv) support the establishment of cred23 ible mechanisms for accountability; 

24 (v) impose targeted sanctions on SAF 

25 and RSF members who are responsible for 


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1 violations of international humanitarian 

2 law, corruption, and undermining Sudan’s 

3 transition to democracy, and actors who 

4 supply or facilitate the supply of arms and 

5 materiel to either party; 

6 (vi) take steps, as appropriate, includ7 ing through imposition of sanctions, to 

8 pressure belligerents to return to the rule 

9 of law as set forth by the transitional con10 stitution and immediately cease violations 

11 of existing United Nations arms embargoes 

12 and to deter any effort by external parties 

13 to support parties financially or with arms 

14 and materiel; and 

15 (vii) provide robust in-kind and finan16 cial contributions to humanitarian assist17 ance efforts; and 

18 (B) suspend Sudan’s participation in all 

19 regional and multilateral organizations until a 

20 civilian-led government is established. 

Æ 


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