FAA-S-8081-22 

U.S. Department with Change 1

of Transportation 

Federal Aviation 

Administration 

PRIVATE PILOT 

Practical Test Standards 

for 

GLIDER 

APRIL 1999 

FLIGHT STANDARDS SERVICE 

Washington, DC 20591 
PRIVATE PILOT 

Practical Test Standards 

for 

GLIDER 

1999 

FLIGHT STANDARDS SERVICE 

Washington, DC 20591 
FAA-S-8081-22 

NOTE 

Material in FAA-S-8081-22 will be effective April 1, 1999. All previous 

editions of the Private Pilot—Glider Practical Test Standards will be 

obsolete as of this date. 
FAA-S-8081-22 

RECORD OF CHANGES 

Change 1—9/1/2010 

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS 

G. TASK: Aerotow – Abnormal Occurrences 

Q. TASK: Landings – Normal and Crosswind Landing 

 To clarify the intent, extent, and condition of the evaluation. 
FAA-S-8081-22 

FOREWORD 

The Private Pilot—Glider Practical Test Standards (PTS) book has 

been published by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to 

establish the standards for private pilot certification practical tests for 

the glider category. FAA inspectors and designated pilot examiners 

shall conduct practical tests in compliance with these standards. Flight 

instructors and applicants should find these standards helpful during 

training and when preparing for practical tests. 

___________________________ 

L. Nicholas Lacey 

Director, Flight Standards Service 
i FAA-S-8081-22

CONTENTS 

INTRODUCTION...............................................................................1 

General Information.....................................................................1 

Practical Test Standard Concept .................................................2 

Test Book Description..................................................................2 

Practical Test Standards Description...........................................2 

Use of the Practical Test Standards Book ..................................3 

Practical Test Prerequisites .........................................................4 

Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Practical Test...............5 

Flight Instructor Responsibility.....................................................5 

Examiner Responsibility ..............................................................6 

Satisfactory Performance ............................................................6 

Unsatisfactory Performance ........................................................6 

Crew Resource Management (CRM) ..........................................7 

Applicant’s Use of Checklists.......................................................7 

Use of Distractions During Practical Tests ..................................7 

Positive Exchange of Flight Controls ...........................................8 

Metric Conversion Initiative..........................................................8 

Additional Rating Task Table.......................................................9 

CHECKLISTS: 

Applicant’s Practical Test Checklist ...........................................11 

Examiner’s Practical Test Checklist...........................................13 

AREAS OF OPERATION: 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION.............................................1-1 

A. Certificates and Documents .........................................1-1 

B. Weather Information .....................................................1-1 

C. Operation of Systems ...................................................1-2 

D. Performance and Limitations........................................1-2 

E. Aeromedical Factors.....................................................1-3 

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES..............................................1-4 

 A. Assembly .......................................................................1-4 

 B. Ground Handling............................................................1-4 

 C. Preflight Inspection ........................................................1-5 

 D. Cockpit Management.....................................................1-5 

 E. Visual Signals ................................................................1-5 
FAA-S-8081-22 ii

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS .................1-6

A. Radio Communications..................................................1-6 

 B. Traffic Patterns...............................................................1-6 

C. Airport, Runway, and Taxiway Signs, Markings, 

 and Lighting ................................................................1-7 

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS............................................1-8 

 AERO TOW

 A. Before Takeoff Check ....................................................1-8 

 B. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff......................................1-8 

 C. Maintaining Tow Positions .............................................1-9 

 D. Slack Line ......................................................................1-9 

 E. Boxing the Wake............................................................1-9 

 F. Tow Release ................................................................1-10 

 G. Abnormal Occurrences ................................................1-10 

 GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

 H. Before Takeoff Check ..................................................1-11 

 I. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff....................................1-11 

 J. Abnormal Occurrences ................................................1-12 

 SELF-LAUNCH 

 K. Engine Starting ............................................................1-13 

 L. Taxiing .........................................................................1-13 

 M. Before Takeoff Check ..................................................1-13 

 N. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb ..................1-14 

 O. Engine Shutdown In Flight ...........................................1-14 

 P. Abnormal Occurrences ................................................1-15 

 LANDINGS 

 

 Q. Normal and Crosswind Landing...................................1-16 

 R. Slip to Landing .............................................................1-16 

 S. Downwind Landing.......................................................1-17 

V. PERFORMANCE AIRSPEEDS.........................................1-18 

 A. Minimum Sink Airspeed ...............................................1-18 

 B. Speed-To-Fly ...............................................................1-18 
iii FAA-S-8081-22

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES.................................................1-19 

 A. Thermal Soaring ..........................................................1-19 

B. Ridge and Slope Soaring.............................................1-19 

 C. Wave Soaring ..............................................................1-20 

VII. PERFORMANCE MANUEVERS ......................................1-21 

 A. Straight Glides .............................................................1-21 

 B. Turns to Headings .......................................................1-21 

 C. Steep Turns .................................................................1-21 

VIII. NAVIGATION....................................................................1-22 

 A. Flight Preparation and Planning...................................1-22 

 B. National Airspace System............................................1-22 

IX. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS..........................................1-23

 A. Maneuvering at Minimum Control Airspeed.................1-23 

 B. Stall Recognition and Recovery...................................1-23 

X. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS ..........................................1-24

 A. Simulated Off-Airport Landing......................................1-24 

 B. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear...................1-24 

XI. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES .........................................1-25

 After-Landing and Securing...............................................1-25 
1 FAA-S-8081-22

INTRODUCTION 

General Information 

The Flight Standards Service of the Federal Aviation Administration 

(FAA) has developed this practical test book as a standard to be used 

by FAA inspectors and designated pilot examiners when conducting 

private pilot—glider practical tests. Flight instructors are expected to 

use this book when preparing applicants for practical tests. Applicants 

should be familiar with this book and refer to these standards during 

their training. 

Information considered directive in nature is described in this practical 

test book in terms, such as “shall” and “must” indicating the actions are 

mandatory. Guidance information is described in terms, such as 

“should” and “may” indicating the actions are desirable or permissive, 

but not mandatory. 

The FAA gratefully acknowledges the valuable assistance provided by 

many individuals and organizations throughout the aviation community 

who contributed their time and talent in assisting with the revision of 

these practical test standards. 

These practical test standards may be accessed through the Internet at 

www.fedworld.gov/pub/faa-att/faa-att.htm, or by modem at 703-321-3339. 

You may purchase these standards from the Superintendent of 

Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. 

Changes to these standards, in accordance with AC 60-27, 

Announcement of Availability: Changes to Practical Test Standards, will 

be available through the Internet and then later incorporated into a 

printed revision. For a listing of changes, AFS-600’s Internet web site 

may be accessed at www.mmac.jccbi.gov/afs/afs600.htm. 

Comments regarding this publication should be sent to: 

 U.S. Department of Transportation 

 Federal Aviation Administration 

 Flight Standards Service 

 Airman Testing Standards Branch, AFS-630 

 P.O. Box 25082 

 Oklahoma City, OK 73125 
FAA-S-8081-22 2

Practical Test Standard Concept

Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 61 specifies 

the areas in which knowledge and skill must be demonstrated by the 

applicant before the issuance of a private pilot certificate or rating. The 

CFR's provide the flexibility to permit the FAA to publish practical test 

standards containing the AREAS OF OPERATION and specific TASKS 

in which pilot competency shall be demonstrated. The FAA shall revise 

this book whenever it is determined that changes are needed in the 

interest of safety. Adherence to the provisions of the regulations and the 

practical test standards is mandatory for the evaluation of private pilot 

applicants. 

Test Book Description 

This test book contains the practical test standards for private 

pilot—glider. This includes the AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKS 

required for the issuance of an initial private pilot—glider certificate and 

for the addition of category ratings. 

Practical Test Standards Description

AREAS OF OPERATION are phases of the practical test arranged in a 

logical sequence within each standard. They begin with Preflight 

Preparation and end with Postflight Procedures. The examiner, 

however, may conduct the practical test in any sequence that results in 

a complete and efficient test. 

TASKS are titles of knowledge areas, flight procedures, or maneuvers 

appropriate to an AREA OF OPERATION. 

NOTE is used to emphasize special considerations required in the 

AREA OF OPERATION or TASK. 

REFERENCE identifies the publication(s) that describe(s) the TASK. 

Descriptions of TASKS are not included in the standards because this 

information can be found in the current issue of the listed reference. 

Publications other than those listed may be used for references if their 

content conveys substantially the same meaning as the referenced 

publications. 
3 FAA-S-8081-22

These practical test standards are based on the following references. 

14 CFR part 43 Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, 

 Rebuilding, and Alteration 

14 CFR part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and 

 Ground Instructors 

14 CFR part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules 

AC 00-6 Aviation Weather 

AC 00-45 Aviation Weather Services 

AC 61-21 Flight Training Handbook 

AC 61-23 Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge 

AC 61-65 Certification: Pilots and Flight Instructors 

AC 61-84 Role of Preflight Preparation 

AC 90-48 Pilots’ Role in Collision Avoidance 

AC 90-66 Recommended Standard Traffic Patterns and 

 Practices for Aeronautical Operations At 

 Airports Without Operating Control Towers. 

AIM Aeronautical Information Manual 

AFD Airport Facility Directory 

NOTAM's Notices to Airmen 

Other Soaring Flight Manual (Jeppeson Sanderson) 

 Glider Flight Manual 

The Objective lists the important elements that must be satisfactorily 

performed to demonstrate competency in a TASK. The Objective 

includes: 

1. specifically what the applicant should be able to do; 

2. conditions under which the TASK is to be performed; and 

3. acceptable performance standards. 

Use of the Practical Test Standards Book

The FAA requires that all practical tests be conducted in accordance 

with the appropriate practical test standards and the policies set forth in 

the INTRODUCTION. Applicants shall be evaluated in ALL TASKS 

included in each AREA OF OPERATION of the appropriate practical 

test standard, unless otherwise noted. 

An applicant who holds a private pilot certificate seeking an additional 

glider category rating, will be evaluated in at least the AREAS OF 

OPERATION and TASKS listed in the Additional Rating Task Table 

located on page 9 of this practical test standard. At the discretion of the 

examiner, an evaluation of the applicant’s competence in the remaining 

AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKS may be conducted. 
FAA-S-8081-22 4

In preparation for each practical test, the examiner shall develop a 

written “plan of action.” The “plan of action” shall include all TASKS in 

each AREA OF OPERATION, unless noted otherwise. If the elements 

in one TASK have already been evaluated in another TASK, they need 

not be repeated. For example, the “plan of action” need not include 

evaluating the applicant on complying with markings, signals, and 

clearances at the end of the flight, if that element was sufficiently 

observed at the beginning of the flight. Any TASKS selected for 

evaluation during a practical test shall be evaluated in its entirety. 

The examiner is not required to follow the precise order in which the 

AREAS OF OPERATION and TASKS appear in this book. The 

examiner may change the sequence or combine TASKS with similar 

Objectives to have an orderly and efficient flow of the practical test. For 

example, Boxing The Wake may be combined with Maintaining Tow 

Positions. The examiner’s “plan of action” shall include the order and 

combination of TASKS to be demonstrated by the applicant in a manner 

that will result in an efficient and valid test. 

Examiners shall place special emphasis upon those aircraft operations 

that are most critical to flight safety. Among these areas are precise 

aircraft control and sound judgment in decision making. Although these 

areas may or may not be shown under each TASK, they are essential 

to flight safety and shall receive careful evaluation throughout the 

practical test. If these areas are shown in the Objective, additional 

emphasis shall be placed on them. The examiner shall also emphasize 

stall/spin awareness, wake turbulence avoidance, low-level wind shear, 

collision avoidance, runway incursion avoidance, and checklist usage. 

The examiner is expected to use good judgment in the performance of 

simulated emergency procedures. The use of the safest means for 

simulation is expected. Consideration must be given to local conditions, 

both meteorological and topographical, at the time of the test, as well as 

the applicant’s workload, and the condition of the aircraft used. If the 

procedure being evaluated would put the maneuver in jeopardy, it is 

expected that the applicant will simulate that portion of the maneuver. 

Practical Test Prerequisites

An applicant for the private pilot—glider practical test is required by 14 

CFR part 61 to: 

1. be at least 16 years of age; 

2. be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English 

language. If there is a doubt, use AC 60-28, English Language 

Skill Standards; 

3. hold at least a student pilot certificate; 

4. have passed the appropriate private pilot knowledge test(s) since 

the beginning of the 24th month before the month in which he or 

she takes the practical test; 

5. have satisfactorily accomplished the required training and 

obtained the aeronautical experience prescribed; 
5 FAA-S-8081-22

6. have an endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying 

that the applicant has received flight training time within 60 days 

preceding the date of application in preparation for the practical 

test, and is prepared for the practical test; and 

7. also have an endorsement certifying that the applicant has 

demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in 

which the applicant was deficient on the airman knowledge test. 

Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Practical Test

The private pilot—glider applicant is required by 14 CFR section 61.45, 

to provide an airworthy, certificated aircraft for use during the practical 

test. This section further requires that the aircraft must: 

1. have fully functioning dual controls, except as provided for in 

14 CFR section 61.45(c) and (e); and 

2. be capable of performing all AREAS OF OPERATION 

appropriate to the rating sought and have no operating 

limitations which prohibit its use in any of the AREAS OF 

OPERATION required for the practical test. 

Flight Instructor Responsibility

An appropriately rated flight instructor is responsible for training the 

private pilot applicant to acceptable standards in all subject matter 

areas, procedures, and maneuvers included in the TASKS within each 

AREA OF OPERATION in this practical test standard. 

Because of the impact of their teaching activities in developing safe, 

proficient pilots, flight instructors should exhibit a high level of 

knowledge, skill, and the ability to impart that knowledge and skill to 

students. 

Throughout the applicant's training, the flight instructor is responsible 

for emphasizing the performance of effective visual scanning and 

collision avoidance procedures. 
FAA-S-8081-22 6

 

Examiner1 Responsibility 

The examiner conducting the practical test is responsible for 

determining that the applicant meets the acceptable standards of 

knowledge and skill of each TASK within the appropriate practical test 

standard. Since there is no formal division between the “oral” and “skill” 

portions of the practical test, this becomes an ongoing process 

throughout the test. Oral questioning, to determine the applicant's 

knowledge of TASKS and related safety factors, should be used 

judiciously at all times, especially during the flight portion of the practical 

test. 

During the flight portion of the practical test, the examiner shall evaluate 

the applicant’s use of visual scanning and collision avoidance 

procedures. 

Satisfactory Performance

Satisfactory performance to meet the requirements for certification is 

based on the applicant’s ability to safely: 

1. perform the TASKS specified in the AREAS OF OPERATION for 

the certificate or rating sought within the approved standards; 

2. demonstrate mastery of the aircraft with the successful outcome 

of each TASK performed never seriously in doubt; 

3. demonstrate satisfactory proficiency and competency within the 

approved standards; and 

4. demonstrate sound judgment.

Unsatisfactory Performance 

If, in the judgment of the examiner, the applicant does not meet the 

standards of performance of any TASK performed, the associated 

AREA OF OPERATION is failed and therefore, the practical test is 

failed. The examiner or applicant may discontinue the test at any time 

when the failure of an AREA OF OPERATION makes the applicant 

ineligible for the certificate or rating sought. The test may be continued 

ONLY with the consent of the applicant. If the test is discontinued, the 

applicant is entitled to credit for only those AREAS OF OPERATION 

and TASKS satisfactorily performed; however, during the retest, and at 

the discretion of the examiner, any TASK may be re-evaluated, 

including those previously passed. 

1 The word “examiner” is used throughout the standards to denote either the FAA 

inspector or FAA designated pilot examiner who conducts an official practical test. 
7 FAA-S-8081-22

Typical areas of unsatisfactory performance and grounds for 

disqualification are: 

1. Any action or lack of action by the applicant that requires 

corrective intervention by the examiner to maintain safe flight. 

2. Failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to 

clear the area before and while performing maneuvers. 

3. Consistently exceeding tolerances stated in the Objectives. 

4. Failure to take prompt corrective action when tolerances are 

exceeded. 

When a notice of disapproval is issued, the examiner shall record the 

applicant’s unsatisfactory performance in terms of the AREA OF 

OPERATION and specific TASK failed or TASK(S) not accomplished. 

The AREA(S) OF OPERATION not tested and the number of practical 

test failures shall also be recorded. 

Crew Resource Management (CRM)

CRM refers to the effective use of all available resources: human 

resources, hardware, and information. Human resources include all 

groups routinely working with the cockpit crew or pilot who are involved 

with decisions that are required to operate a flight safely. These groups 

include, but are not limited to dispatchers, cabin crewmembers, 

maintenance personnel, air traffic controllers, and weather services. 

CRM is not a single TASK, but a set of competencies that must be 

evident in all TASKS in this practical test standard as applied to either 

crew or single pilot operations. 

Applicant's Use of Checklists

Throughout the practical test, the applicant is evaluated on the use of 

an appropriate checklist. Proper use is dependent on the specific TASK 

being evaluated. The situation may be such that the use of the 

checklist, while accomplishing elements of an Objective, would be 

either unsafe or impractical, especially in a single-pilot operation. In this 

case, a review of the checklist after the elements have been 

accomplished, would be appropriate. Division of attention and proper 

visual scanning should be considered when using a checklist. 

Use of Distractions During Practical Tests

Numerous studies indicate that many accidents have occurred when 

the pilot has been distracted during critical phases of flight. To evaluate 

the applicant’s ability to utilize proper control technique while dividing 

attention both inside and/or outside the cockpit, the examiner shall 

cause a realistic distraction during the flight portion of the practical test 

to evaluate the applicant’s ability to divide attention while maintaining 

safe flight. 
FAA-S-8081-22 8

Positive Exchange of Flight Controls 

During flight training, there must always be a clear understanding 

between students and flight instructors of who has control of the aircraft. 

Prior to flight, a briefing should be conducted that includes the 

procedure for the exchange of flight controls. A positive three-step 

process in the exchange of flight controls between pilots is a proven 

procedure and one that is strongly recommended. 

When the instructor wishes the student to take control of the aircraft, he 

or she will say, “You have the flight controls.” The student 

acknowledges immediately by saying, “I have the flight controls.” The 

flight instructor again says, “You have the flight controls.” When control 

is returned to the instructor, follow the same procedure. A visual check 

is recommended to verify that the exchange has occurred. There should 

never by any doubt as to who is flying the aircraft. 

Metric Conversion Initiative

To assist pilots in understanding and using the metric measurement 

system, the practical test standards refer to the metric equivalent of 

various altitudes throughout. The inclusion of meters is intended to 

familiarize pilots with its use. The metric altimeter is arranged in 

10 meter increments; therefore, when converting from feet to meters, 

the exact conversion, being too exact for practical purposes, is rounded 

to the nearest 10 meter increment or even altitude as necessary. 
9 FAA-S-8081-22 

ADDITIONAL RATING TASK TABLE

ADDITION OF A GLIDER RATING TO AN EXISTING PRIVATE PILOT 

CERTIFICATE 

AREA 

OF 

OPERATION

Required TASKS are indicated by either the TASK letter(s) that apply(s) 

or an indication that all or none of the TASKS must be tested.

ASEL ASES AMEL AMES RH RG Balloon Airship

I B,C,D B,C,D B,C,D B,C,D B,C,D B,C,D C,D C,D

II A,B,C,E A,B,C,E A,B,C,E A,B,C,E A,B,C,E A,B,C,E ALL A,B,C,E

III B B B B B B B B

IV ALL* ALL* ALL* ALL* ALL* ALL* ALL* ALL*

V ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL

VI ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL

VII ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL

VIII NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE A NONE

IX ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL

X ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL

XI ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL

*EXAMINER SHALL SELECT KIND OF LAUNCH BASED ON THE 

APPLICANT’S QUALIFICATIONS. 

LEGEND

ASEL Airplane Single-Engine Land 

ASES Airplane Single-Engine Sea 

AMEL Airplane Multiengine Land 

AMES Airplane Multiengine Sea 

RH Rotorcraft Helicopter 

RG Rotorcraft Gyroplane 
11 FAA-S-8081-22 

APPLICANT’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

Private Pilot—Glider 

EXAMINER’S NAME ____________________________ 

LOCATION ____________________________________ 

DATE/TIME ____________________________________ 

ACCEPTABLE AIRCRAFT 

  Aircraft Documents: 

 Airworthiness Certificate 

 Registration Certificate 

 Operating Limitations 

  Aircraft Maintenance Records: 

 Record of Airworthiness Inspections 

 Current Status of Applicable Airworthiness Directives 

€ Pilot’s Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Glider Flight Manual 

PERSONAL EQUIPMENT 

  Practical Test Standard 

  Current Aeronautical Charts 

  Computer and Plotter 

  Flight Plan Form 

  Flight Log Form 

  Current AIM, Airport Facility Directory, and Appropriate 

 Publications 

PERSONAL RECORDS 

€ Identification - Photo/Signature ID 

  Pilot Certificate 

  Completed FAA Form 8710-1, Airman Certificate and/or 

 Rating Application with Instructor’s Signature (if applicable) 

  Airman Test Report 

  Pilot Logbook with Appropriate Instructor Endorsements 

 FAA Form 8060-5, Notice of Disapproval (if applicable) 

 Approved School Graduation Certificate (if applicable) 

  Examiner’s Fee (if applicable) 

 

 
13 FAA-S-8081-22 

EXAMINER’S PRACTICAL TEST CHECKLIST 

Private Pilot—Glider 

APPLICANT’S NAME _______________________________

LOCATION _______________________________________

DATE/TIME _______________________________________ 

I. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

 A. Certificates and Documents

 B. Weather Information

 C. Operation of Systems

 D. Performance and Limitations

 E. Aeromedical Factors

II. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

 A. Assembly

 B. Ground Handling

 C. Preflight Inspection

 D. Cockpit Management

 E. Visual Signals 

III. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT OPERATIONS 

 A. Radio Communications

 B. Traffic Patterns

 C. Airport, Runway, and Taxiway Signs, Markings, and Lighting 

IV. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS 

AERO TOW 

 A. Before Takeoff Check

 B. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff

 C. Maintaining Tow Positions

 D. Slack Line

 E. Boxing The Wake 

 F. Tow Release

 G. Abnormal Occurrences
FAA-S-8081-22 14

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

 H. Before Takeoff Check

 I. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff

 J. Abnormal Occurences

SELF-LAUNCH 

 K. Engine Starting

 L. Taxiing

 M. Before Takeoff Check

 N. Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb

 O. Engine Shutdown In Flight 

 P. Abnormal Occurrences

LANDINGS 

 Q. Normal and Crosswind Landing

 R. Slips to Landing

 S. Downwind Landing

V. PERFORMANCE AIRSPEEDS 

 A. Minimum Sink Airspeed

 B. Speed-To-Fly

VI. SOARING TECHNIQUES 

 A. Thermal Soaring

 B. Ridge and Slope Soaring

 C. Wave Soaring 

VII. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS 

 A. Straight Glides

 B. Turns to Headings

 C. Steep Turns 

VIII. NAVIGATION 

 A. Flight Preparation and Planning

 B. National Airspace System
1-1 FAA-S-8081-22 

I. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREPARATION 

A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR parts 43, 61, and 91; AC 61-23; 

Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to certificates and 

documents by explaining— 

a. pilot certificate privileges and limitations. 

b. medical fitness. 

c. pilot logbook or flight records. 

2. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to certificates and 

documents by locating and explaining— 

a. airworthiness and registration certificates. 

b. operating limitations, placards, and instrument markings. 

c. weight and balance data and equipment list. 

d. maintenance requirements, appropriate records, 

airworthiness directives, and compliance records. 

B. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION 

REFERENCES: AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-23, and AC 61-84; 

Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to weather 

information from various sources with emphasis on— 

a. use of weather reports, charts, and forecasts. 

b. significant weather prognostics. 

2. Exhibits knowledge of the relationship of the following factors 

to the lifting process— 

a. pressure and temperature lapse rates. 

b. atmospheric instability. 

c. thermal index and thermal production. 

d. cloud formation and identification. 

e. frontal weather. 

f. other lifting sources. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-2

3. Explains hazards associated with flight in the vicinity of 

thunderstorms. 

4. Makes a competent “go/no-go” decision based on available 

weather information. 

C. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS 

REFERENCES: AC 61-23; Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight 

Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the operation 

of instruments and systems, including as appropriate— 

a. magnetic compass. 

b. yaw string or inclinometer. 

c. airspeed indicator and altimeter. 

d. variometer and total energy compensators. 

e. gyroscopic instruments. 

f. electrical. 

g. landing gear and brakes. 

h. avionics. 

i. high-lift and drag devices. 

j. oxygen equipment. 

2. Correctly interprets information displayed on the instruments. 

D. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to performance 

and limitations, including the use of charts, tables, data to 

determine performance, and the adverse effects of exceeding 

limitations. 

2. Uses appropriate performance charts, tables, and data. 

3. Computes weight and balance, and determines if the weight 

and center of gravity are within limits. 

4. Explains the management of ballast and its effect on 

performance. 

5. Describes the effect of various atmospheric conditions on the 

glider’s performance. 

6. Explains the applicable performance speeds and their uses. 

7. Describes the relationship between airspeeds and load 

factors. 
1-3 FAA-S-8081-22 

E. TASK: AEROMEDICAL FACTORS 

REFERENCES: AIM, Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of 

the elements related to aeromedical factors by explaining: 

1. Symptoms, causes, effects, and corrective action of at least 

three (3) of the following— 

a. hypoxia. 

b. hyperventilation. 

c. middle ear and sinus problems. 

d. spatial disorientation. 

e. motion sickness. 

f. carbon monoxide poisoning (self-launch). 

g. stress and fatigue. 

h. dehydration and heatstroke. 

2. Effects of alcohol and drugs, including over-the-counter 

drugs. 

3. Effects of evolved gas from scuba diving on a pilot during 

flight. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-4

 

II. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

A. TASK: ASSEMBLY 

NOTE: If, in the judgment of the examiner, the demonstration of 

the glider assembly is impractical, competency may be determined 

by oral testing. 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to assembly 

procedures. 

2. Selects a suitable assembly area and provides sufficient 

crewmembers for assembly. 

3. Follows an appropriate checklist. 

4. Uses proper tools. 

5. Handles components properly. 

6. Cleans and lubricates parts, as appropriate. 

7. Accounts for all tools and parts at the completion of 

assembly. 

8. Performs post-assembly inspection, including a positive 

control check. 

B. TASK: GROUND HANDLING 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ground 

handling procedures. 

2. Selects the appropriate ground handling procedures and 

equipment for existing conditions. 

3. Determines the number of crewmembers needed. 

4. Handles the glider in a manner that will not result in damage 

during movement. 

5. Secures the glider and controls, as necessary, in proper 

position. 
1-5 FAA-S-8081-22 

 

C. TASK: PREFLIGHT INSPECTION 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to preflight 

inspection, including which items must be inspected, for what 

reasons, and how to detect possible defects. 

2. Inspects the glider using the appropriate checklist. 

3. Verifies the glider is in condition for safe flight, notes any 

discrepancies, and determines if maintenance is required. 

4. Inspects the launch equipment, including towline, tow hitches, 

weak links, and release mechanism. 

D. TASK: COCKPIT MANAGEMENT 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to cockpit 

management procedures. 

2. Organizes and arranges material and equipment in a manner 

making items readily available. 

3. Briefs passengers on the use of safety belts, shoulder 

harnesses, and emergency procedures. 

4. Utilizes all appropriate checklists. 

E. TASK: VISUAL SIGNALS 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aero tow or 

ground tow visual signals, as appropriate. 

2. Uses, interprets, and responds to prelaunch, launch, 

airborne, and emergency signals, as appropriate. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-6

III. AREA OF OPERATION: AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT 

OPERATIONS 

 

A. TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS 

NOTE: If radio communications are impractical, competency may 

be determined by oral testing. 

REFERENCE: AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to radio 

communications, radio failure, and ATC light signals. 

2. Selects appropriate frequencies for facilities to be used. 

3. Transmits using recommended phraseology. 

4. Acknowledges radio communications and complies with 

instructions. 

5. Uses appropriate procedures for simulated radio 

communications failure. 

6. Interprets and complies with ATC light signals. 

B. TASK: TRAFFIC PATTERNS 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AC 90-66; Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to traffic pattern 

procedures for gliders. 

2. Follows established traffic pattern procedures. 

3. Maintains awareness of other traffic in pattern. 

4. Maintains proper ground track with crosswind correction, if 

necessary. 

5. Crosses designated points at appropriate altitudes, unless 

conditions make such action impractical. 

6. Selects touchdown and stop points. 

7. Adjusts glidepath and track promptly to compensate for 

unexpected lift, sink, or changes in wind velocity. 

8. Makes smooth, coordinated turns with a bank angle not to 

exceed 45° when turning final approach. 

9. Adjusts flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

10. Recognizes and makes appropriate corrections for the effect 

of wind. 

11. Completes the prescribed checklist, if applicable. 
1-7 FAA-S-8081-22 

C. TASK: AIRPORT, RUNWAY, AND TAXIWAY SIGNS, 

MARKINGS, AND LIGHTING 

REFERENCES: AC 61-23; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to airport, runway, 

and taxiway signs, markings, and lighting. 

2. Identifies, interprets, and complies with appropriate airport, 

runway, and taxiway signs, markings, and lighting. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-8

IV. AREA OF OPERATION: LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS 

NOTE: Examiner shall select kind of launch based on the 

applicant’s qualifications. 

AERO TOW 

A. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before 

takeoff check, including the reasons for checking the items, 

and how to detect malfunctions. 

2. Establishes a course of action with crewmembers, including 

signals, speeds, wind, and emergency procedures. 

3. Ensures that the glider is in safe operating condition. 

4. Checks towline hookup and release mechanism, using the 

appropriate hook for the type of launch conducted. 

5. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff. 

6. Completes the prescribed checklist, if applicable. 

B. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral 

testing. 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff, including configurations and tow positions. 

2. Uses proper signals for takeoff. 

3. Lifts off at an appropriate airspeed. 

4. Maintains proper position until towplane lifts off. 

5. Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction 

thoughout the takeoff. 

6. Maintains proper alignment with the towplane. 
1-9 FAA-S-8081-22 

 

C. TASK: MAINTAINING TOW POSITIONS 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to high-tow 

(slightly above the wake) and low-tow (slightly below the 

wake) positions during various phases of aero tow. 

2. Makes smooth and correct control applications to maintain 

vertical and lateral positions during high and low tow. 

3. Transitions from high- to low-tow position through the wake 

while maintaining positive control. 

4. Maintains proper tow position during turns. 

D. TASK: SLACK LINE 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the causes, 

hazards, and corrections related to slack line. 

2. Recognizes slack line and applies immediate, positive, and 

smooth corrective action to eliminate slack line in various 

situations. 

E. TASK: BOXING THE WAKE

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to boxing the 

wake (maneuvering around the wake). 

2. Maneuvers the glider, while on tow, slightly outside the 

towplane’s wake in a rectangular, box-like pattern. 

3. Maintains proper control and coordination. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-10

 

Change 1 (9/1/10) 

F. TASK: TOW RELEASE 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to tow release, 

including related safety factors. 

2. Maintains high-tow position with normal towline tension. 

3. Clears the area before releasing the towline. 

4. Releases the towline and confirms release by observing the 

towline. 

5. Makes level or climbing turn. 

G. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aero tow 

abnormal occurrences, for various situations, such as— 

a. towplane power loss during takeoff. 

b. towline break. 

c. towplane power failure at altitude. 

d. glider release failure. 

e. glider and towplane release failure (oral only). 

 

2. Demonstrates simulated aero tow abnormal occurrences as 

required by the examiner. 
1-11 FAA-S-8081-22 

GROUND TOW (AUTO OR WINCH) 

H. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before 

takeoff check, including the reasons for checking the items, 

and how to detect malfunctions. 

2. Establishes a course of action with crewmembers, including 

signals, speeds, wind direction, and emergency procedures. 

3. Ensures glider is in safe operating condition. 

4. Checks towline hookup and release mechanism, using the 

appropriate hook for the type of launch conducted. 

5. Ensures no conflict with traffic prior to takeoff. 

6. Completes the prescribed checklist, if applicable. 

I. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral 

testing. 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff, including related safety factors. 

2. Uses proper signals for takeoff. 

3. Maintains directional control during launch. 

4. Lifts off at the proper airspeed. 

5. Establishes proper initial climb pitch attitude. 

6. Takes prompt action to correct high speed, low speed, or 

porpoising. 

7. Maintains proper ground track during climb. 

8. Releases in proper manner and confirms release. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-12

J. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ground tow 

abnormal occurrences for various situations, such as— 

a. overrunning the towline. 

b. towline break. 

c. inability to release towline. 

d. over- and under-speeding. 

e. porpoising. 

2. Demonstrates simulated ground tow abnormal occurrences, 

as required by the examiner. 
1-13 FAA-S-8081-22 

SELF-LAUNCH 

K. TASK: ENGINE STARTING 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to engine starting, 

including various atmospheric conditions, and awareness of 

other persons and property during start. 

2. Accomplishes recommended starting procedures. 

3. Completes appropriate checklists. 

L. TASK: TAXIING 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to taxiing, 

including the effect of wind during taxiing and appropriate 

control positions. 

2. Performs a brake check immediately after the glider begins 

moving. 

3. Positions flight controls properly, considering the wind. 

4. Controls direction and speed without excessive use of 

brakes. 

5. Avoids other aircraft and hazards. 

6. Complies with signals. 

M. TASK: BEFORE TAKEOFF CHECK 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to the before 

takeoff check, including the reason for checking each item 

and to detect malfunctions. 

2. Positions the glider properly considering other aircraft, wind, 

and surface conditions. 

3. Ensures engine temperatures and pressures are suitable for 

run-up and takeoff. 

4. Accomplishes before takeoff checks and ensures the glider is 

in safe operating condition. 

5. Reviews airspeeds, takeoff distance, and emergency 

procedures. 

6. Completes appropriate checklists. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-14

 

N. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND TAKEOFF AND 

CLIMB 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral 

testing. 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind takeoff and climb. 

2. Positions flight controls for existing wind conditions. 

3. Clears the area, taxies into takeoff position, and aligns the 

glider for departure. 

4. Advances throttle smoothly to takeoff power. 

5. Rotates at recommended airspeed, and accelerates to 

appropriate climb speed, +10/-5 knots. 

6. Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude, then 

sets climb power. 

7. Completes appropriate checklists. 

O. TASK: ENGINE SHUTDOWN IN FLIGHT 

REFERENCE: Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to engine 

shutdown procedures in flight. 

2. Sets power for proper engine cooling. 

3. Establishes appropriate airspeed. 

4. Sets electrical equipment. 

5. Shuts down engine. 

6. Feathers or positions propeller and stows, as applicable. 

7. Selects proper static source, if applicable. 

8. Completes appropriate checklists. 
1-15 FAA-S-8081-22 

 

P. TASK: ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to self-launch 

abnormal occurrences, for various situations, such as— 

a. partial, complete power failure, and failure to gain restart. 

b. fire or smoke. 

c. electrical system malfunction. 

d. low fuel pressure. 

e. low oil pressure. 

f. engine overheat. 

g. canopy opening in flight. 

h. engine restart in flight. 

2. Demonstrates simulated self-launch abnormal occurrences, 

as required by the examiner. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-16

Change 1 (9/1/10) 

LANDINGS 

Q. TASK: NORMAL AND CROSSWIND LANDING 

NOTE: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s 

knowledge of crosswind elements shall be evaluated through oral 

testing. 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to normal and 

crosswind approach and landing procedures. 

2. Adjusts flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

3. Maintains recommended approach airspeed, +10/-5 knots. 

4. Maintains crosswind correction and directional control 

throughout the approach and landing. 

5. Makes smooth, timely, and positive control application during 

the roundout and touchdown. 

6. Touches down smoothly within the designated landing area, 

with no appreciable drift, and with the longitudinal axis 

aligned with the desired landing path, stopping short of and 

within 200 feet (120 meters) of a designated point. 

NOTE: The applicant shall touchdown and roll to a point 

designated by the examiner stopping within 200’ 

without rolling past the designated point. The point 

should be far enough away from the touchdown point 

that it should not require more than light-medium 

braking to come to a stop within the required distance. 

7. Maintains control during the after-landing roll. 

8. Completes appropriate checklists. 

 

R. TASK: SLIPS TO LANDING 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to forward, side, 

and turning slips to landing, with and without the use of drag 

devices. 

2. Recognizes the situation where a slip should be used to land 

in a desired area. 
1-17 FAA-S-8081-22 

3. Establishes a slip without the use of drag devices. 

4. Maintains the desired ground track. 

5. Maintains proper approach attitude. 

6. Makes smooth, proper, and positive control applications 

during recovery from the slip. 

7. Touches down smoothly within the designated landing area. 

S. TASK: DOWNWIND LANDING 

NOTE: This TASK may be evaluated orally at the discretion of the 

examiner. 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to downwind 

landings, including safety related factors. 

2. Adjusts flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

3. Maintains recommended approach airspeed, ±5 knots. 

4. Uses proper downwind landing procedures. 

5. Maintains proper directional control during touchdown and 

roll-out.

6. Applies brake smoothly to bring glider to a stop.
FAA-S-8081-22 1-18

 

V. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE AIRSPEEDS 

A. TASK: MINIMUM SINK AIRSPEED 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to aerodynamic 

factors and use of minimum sink airspeed. 

2. Determines the minimum sink airspeed for a given situation 

and maintains the selected speed, ±5 knots. 

B. TASK: SPEED-TO-FLY 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to speed-to-fly, 

and its uses. 

2. Determines the speed-to-fly for a given situation and 

maintains the speed, ±5 knots. 
1-19 FAA-S-8081-22 

 

VI. AREA OF OPERATION: SOARING TECHNIQUES 

NOTE: Due to varying geographical locations and atmospheric 

conditions, the applicant may be asked to demonstrate at least one 

of the following soaring TASKS most appropriate for the particular 

location and existing conditions. 

If conditions do not permit a demonstration of soaring skills, 

applicants will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of the various 

types of soaring through oral testing. 

A. TASK: THERMAL SOARING 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to thermal 

soaring. 

2. Recognizes the indications of, and the presence of, a 

thermal. 

3. Analyzes the thermal structure and determines the direction 

to turn to remain within the thermal. 

4. Exhibits coordinated control and planning when entering and 

maneuvering to remain within the thermal. 

5. Applies correct techniques to re-enter the thermal, if lift is 

lost. 

6. Remains oriented to ground references, wind, and other 

aircraft. 

7. Maintains proper airspeeds in and between thermals. 

B. TASK: RIDGE AND SLOPE SOARING 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to ridge and slope 

soaring. 

2. Recognizes terrain features and wind conditions which create 

orographic lift. 

3. Enters the area of lift properly. 

4. Estimates height and maintains a safe distance from the 

terrain. 

5. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control, and planning to remain 

within the area of lift. 

6. Uses correct technique to re-enter the area of lift, if lift is lost. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-20

 

7. Remains oriented to ground references, wind, and other 

aircraft. 

8. Uses proper procedures and techniques when crossing 

ridges. 

9. Maintains proper airspeeds. 

C. TASK: WAVE SOARING 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to wave soaring. 

2. Locates and enters the area of lift. 

3. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control, and planning to remain 

within the area of lift. 

4. Uses correct technique to re-enter the area of lift, if lift is lost. 

5. Remains oriented to ground references, wind, and other 

aircraft. 

6. Recognizes and avoids areas of possible extreme turbulence. 

7. Maintains proper airspeeds. 

8. Coordinates with ATC, as appropriate. 
1-21 FAA-S-8081-22 

VII. AREA OF OPERATION: PERFORMANCE 

MANEUVERS 

A. TASK: STRAIGHT GLIDES 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to straight glides, 

including the relationship of pitch attitude and airspeed. 

2. Tracks toward a prominent landmark at a specified airspeed. 

3. Demonstrates the effect of flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, if 

equipped, in relation to pitch attitude and airspeed. 

4. Exhibits smooth, coordinated control, and planning. 

5. Maintains the specified heading, 10°, and the specified 

airspeed, 10 knots. 

B. TASK: TURNS TO HEADINGS 

REFERENCE: Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to turns to 

headings, including the relationship of pitch attitude, bank 

angle, and airspeed. 

2. Enters and maintains an appropriate rate of turn with smooth, 

proper, and coordinated control applications. 

3. Maintains the desired airspeed, 10 knots, and rolls out on 

the specified heading, 10°. 

C. TASK: STEEP TURNS 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to steep turns, 

including load factor, effect on stall speed, and overbanking 

tendency. 

2. Establishes the recommended entry airspeed. 

3. Enters a turn maintaining a bank angle of 45°/5°, with 

smooth and coordinated control applications. 

4. Maintains desired airspeed, 10 knots. 

5. Recovers with smooth and coordinated control application 

within 10° of the desired heading. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-22

VIII. AREA OF OPERATION: NAVIGATION 

NOTE: The applicant’s knowledge of this AREA OF OPERATION 

will be evaluated through oral testing. 

A. TASK: FLIGHT PREPARATION AND PLANNING 

REFERENCES: AC 61-23; AIM, Soaring Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to flight 

preparations and planning. 

2. Selects and uses current and appropriate aeronautical charts. 

3. Plots a course and selects prominent en route checkpoints. 

4. Constructs a flight profile to determine minimum flight altitude 

at go-ahead points. 

5. Explains method of using lift sources and speeds effectively 

within and between lift sources. 

6. Selects available landing area. 

7. Describes coordination procedures with air traffic control, as 

appropriate. 

B. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM 

REFERENCES: 14 CFR part 91; AIM. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of 

the elements related to the National Airspace System by explaining: 

1. Basic VFR weather minimums for all classes of airspace. 

2. Airspace classes and their dimensions, pilot certification, and 

glider equipment requirements for the following— 

a. Class A. 

b. Class B. 

c. Class C. 

d. Class D. 

e. Class E. 

f. Class G. 

3. Special use airspace and other airspace areas. 
1-23 FAA-S-8081-22 

IX. AREA OF OPERATION: SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS 

A. TASK: MANEUVERING AT MINIMUM CONTROL 

AIRSPEED 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to maneuvering at 

minimum control airspeed, including flight characteristics and 

controllability. 

2. Establishes and maintains the airspeed at which any further 

increase in angle of attack or change in configurations would 

result in a stall in straight or turning flight in various 

configurations and bank angles. 

3. Adjusts the airspeed to avoid stalls in turbulent air or as bank 

is increased. 

4. Applies control inputs in a smooth and coordinated manner. 

5. Uses proper procedures to avoid stalls when raising a 

lowered wing. 

6. Maintains heading, 10°, during straight flight, and the 

desired bank angle, 10°, during turns. 

B. TASK: STALL RECOGNITION AND RECOVERY 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to stall 

recognition and recovery, including the aerodynamic factors 

and flight situations that may result in stalls, and the hazards 

of stalling during uncoordinated flight. 

2. Selects an entry altitude that will allow the maneuver to be 

completed no lower than 1,500 feet AGL. 

3. Establishes and maintains a pitch attitude that will result in a 

stall during both straight and turning flight with and without 

flaps, spoilers, or dive brakes, as appropriate. 

4. Maintains a specified bank angle of up to 15° of bank, 10°, 

during turns. 

5. Recovers at the stall. 

6. Uses smooth and coordinated control applications throughout 

the maneuver. 
FAA-S-8081-22 1-24

X. AREA OF OPERATION: EMERGENCY OPERATIONS 

NOTE: These TASKS are knowledge only. 

A. TASK: SIMULATED OFF-AIRPORT LANDING 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of 

the elements related to a simulated off-airport landing, including 

selection of a suitable landing area and the procedures used to 

accomplish an off-airport landing. 

B. TASK: EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SURVIVAL GEAR 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits knowledge of 

the elements related to emergency equipment and survival gear, 

appropriate to the glider used for the practical test, by describing: 

1. Location in the glider. 

2. Method of operation or use. 

3. Servicing and storage. 

4. Inspection, fitting, and use of parachutes. 

5. Equipment and gear appropriate for operation in various 

climates and over various types of terrain. 
1-25 FAA-S-8081-22 

XI. AREA OF OPERATION: POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES 

TASK: AFTER-LANDING AND SECURING 

REFERENCES: Soaring Flight Manual, Glider Flight Manual. 

Objective. To determine that the applicant: 

1. Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to after-landing 

and securing procedures, including local and ATC operations, 

ramp safety, parking hand signals, shutdown (if appropriate), 

securing, and postflight inspection. 

2. Selects a suitable parking area while considering wind and 

safety of nearby persons and property. 

3. Taxies to parking area and performs engine shutdown, if 

applicable. 

4. Services the glider, if applicable. 

5. Secures the glider properly. 

6. Performs a satisfactory postflight inspection. 

7. Completes the prescribed checklist.